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The United States

Government Manual

2005/2006

Office of the Federal Register
National Archives and Records Administration

Revised June 1, 2005

Raymond A. Mosley,

Director of the Federal Register.

Allen Welnstein,

Archivist of the United States.

On the cover: Marking 70 years of providing ready access to essential Federal
Government records, the cover displays an image of the National Archives Building
during the Red, White, and Blue Nighttime Illumination Event on September 17,
2003, and a montage of covers from the 70-year history of the Federal Register.

The records preserved by the National Archives and Records Administration
(National Archives) and the documents published in the Federal Register are essential
to understanding and protecting our democratic system of government. Those records
and documents form the tangible thread linking the power exercised by Federal
agencies to its source in "We the People." Providing access to these records and
documents — be they the oldest Charters of Freedom enshrined in the Rotunda of the
National Archives Building or the newest Federal regulations published in today's
Federal Register — ensures that our government remains one of laws, not of whims.

Recognizing the urgent need to modernize the physical means of preserving those
records, Congress appropriated more than $95 million in 1999 for extensive
renovation of the National Archives Building. The renovation included re-encasing
the Charters — the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of
Rights; improving public outreach and exhibit space; completing replacement of
deteriorated building systems; making the building compliant with the Americans
with Disabilities Act; and improving storage conditions for archival records and
security and safety features. In addition, private donations funded the new William
G. McGowan Theater and the restoration of historic murals in the Rotunda. Seventy
years after first opening, the National Archives Building is once again a state-of-the-
art facility where the archives of the United States are explained through a wide
variety of public events, samples of the Nation's documentary history are exhibited,
and in-depth research and ongoing discovery of the treasures within the National
Archives are promoted.

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office

Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512-1800; DC area (202) 512-1800

Fax: (202) 512-2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-0001

ISBN 0-16-051455-X

The Federal Register has been published every Federal business day since March
1 9, 1 935, to provide public notice of the regulatory activities of the Federal
executive branch agencies and of official Presidential and executive branch
documents. Final rules published in the Federal Register are ultimately codified in
the Code of Federal Regulations, another publication of the Office of the Federal
Register which is located within the National Archives. Before the advent of these
two publications 70 years ago, American citizens had no single, authoritative source
of information about their legal rights and responsibilities under Federal agency
programs.

We thank Creative Services at the U.S. Government Printing Office and Special
Media Preservation at the National Archives and Records Administration for their
contributions in developing the cover.

Preface

As the official handbook of the Federal Government, The United States Government
Manual provides comprehensive information on the agencies of the legislative,
judicial, and executive branches. The Manual also includes information on quasi-
official agencies; international organizations in which the United States participates;
and boards, commissions, and committees.

A typical agency description includes a list of principal officials, a summary
statement of the agency's purpose and role in the Federal Government, a brief history
of the agency, including its legislative or executive authority, a description of its
programs and activities, and a "Sources of Information" section. This last section
provides information on consumer activities, contracts and grants, employment,
publications, and many other areas of public interest.

The 2005/2006 Manual was prepared by the Presidential and Legislative
Publications Unit, Office of the Federal Register, under the supervision of
Gwendolyn J. Henderson. Alfred W. Jones was Managing Editor; Stephen J. Frattini
was Chief Editor, assisted by Stacey A. Mulligan.

The Federal Register and Its Special Editions

The Manual is published as a special edition of the Federal Register {see 1 CFR 9.1 ).
Its focus is on programs and activities. Persons interested in detailed organizational
structure, the regulatory documents of an agency, or Presidential documents should
refer to the Federal Register or one of its other special editions, described below.

Issued each Federal working day, the Federal Register provides a uniform system
for publishing Presidential documents, regulatory documents with general
applicability and legal effect, proposed rules, notices, and documents required to be
published by statute.

The Code of Federal Regulations is an annual codification of the general and
permanent rules published in the Federal Register. The Code is divided into 50 titles
that represent broad areas subject to Federal regulation. The Code is kept up to date
by the individual issues of the Federal Register.

The Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents serves as a timely, up-to-date
reference source for the public policies and activities of the President. It contains
remarks, news conferences, messages, statements, and other Presidential material of
a public nature issued by the White House during the week reported.

A companion publication to the Weekly Compilation is the Public Papers of the
Presidents, which contains public Presidential documents and speeches in
convenient book form. Volumes of the Public Papers have been published for every
President since Herbert Hoover, with the exception of Franklin D. Roosevelt, whose
papers were published privately.

Other Office of the Federal Register Publications

The Office of the Federal Register publishes slip laws, which are pamphlet prints of
each public and private law enacted by Congress. Slip laws are compiled annually
as the United States Statutes at Large. The Statutes volumes contain all public and
private laws and concurrent resolutions enacted during a session of Congress;

VI U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

recommendations for executive, legislative, and judicial salaries; reorganization
plans; proposed and ratified amendments to the Constitution; and Presidential
proclamations. Included with many of these documents are sidenotes, U.S. Code and
statutes citations, and a summary of their legislative histories.

Publication Availability

The publications of the Office of the Federal Register are available for sale by writing
to the following address:

Superintendent of Documents
P.O. Box 371954
Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954

Publications are also available for sale through the Government Printing Office
online bookstore at http://bookstore.gpo.gov, the Government Printing Office
bookstore located in Washington, DC. Telephone inquiries should be directed to
202-512-1800.

Electronic Services

The Office of the Federal Register maintains an Internet site for public law numbers,
the Federal Register's public inspection list, and information on the Office and its
activities at www.archives.gov/federal-register. This site also contains links to the
texts of The United States Government Manual, Public Laws, the Weekly
Compilation of Presidential Documents, the Federal Register, and the Code of
Federal Regulations (both as officially published on a quarterly basis and a new
unofficial, daily updated version, the e-CFR) in electronic format through CPO
Access. For more information about these online publications, contact the Electronic
Information Dissemination Services, U.S. Government Printing Office. Phone, 202-
512-1530, or 888-293-6498. Internet, www.gpoaccess.gov. E-mail,
gpoaccess@gpo.gov.

Further Information

Information on The United States Government Manual and other publications of the
Office of the Federal Register may be obtained by writing to the following address:

Office of the Federal Register

National Archives and Records Administration

Washington, DC 20408

Inquiries should be directed by phone to 202-741-6000, faxed to 202-741-6012,
or e-mailed to fedreg.info@nara.gov.

Contents

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE 1

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 5

Chart: The Government of the United States 21

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Congress 25

Architect of the Capitol 43

United States Botanic Garden 45

Government Accountability Office 45

Government Printing Office 48

Library of Congress 53

Congressional Budget Office 60

JUDICIAL BRANCH

The Supreme Court of the United States 55

Lower Courts 55

Special Courts 72

Administrative Office of the United States Courts 75

Federal Judicial Center 79

United States Sentencing Commission 80

EXECUTIVE BRANCH

The President of the United States 85

The Vice President of the United States 85

Executive Office of the President 85

The White House Office 85

Office of the Vice President of the United States 88

Council of Economic Advisers 88

Council on Environmental Quality 89

National Security Council 90

Office of Administration 91

Office of Management and Budget 91

Office of National Drug Control Policy 94

Office of Policy Development 95

Office of Science and Technology Policy 95

Office of the United States Trade Representative 97

Executive Agencies

Departments

Department of Agriculture 99

Department of Commerce 1 24

Department of Defense 149

Department of the Air Force 1 50

Department of the Army 1 55

Department of the Navy 1 75

VII

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Defense Agencies 1 85

Joint Service Scliools 1 96

Department of Education 200

Department of Energy 208

Department of Health and Human Services 21 7

Department of Homeland Security 228

Department of Housing and Urban Development 239

Department of the Interior 245

Department of Justice 250

Department of Labor 279

Department of State 294

Department of Transportation 308

Department of the Treasury 332

Department of Veterans Affairs 348

Independent Establishments and Government Corporations

African Development Foundation 353

Broadcasting Board of Governors 354

Central Intelligence Agency 357

Commodity Futures Trading Commission 358

Consumer Product Safety Commission 370

Corporation for National and Community Service 373

Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board 377

Environmental Protection Agency 379

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission 384

Export-Import Bank of the United States 389

Farm Credit Administration 391

Federal Communications Commission 394

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 400

Federal Election Commission 404

Federal Housing Finance Board 405

Federal Labor Relations Authority 409

Federal Maritime Commission 412

Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service 415

Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission 415

Federal Reserve System 419

Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board 424

Federal Trade Commission 425

General Services Administration 430

Inter-American Foundation 438

Merit Systems Protection Board 439

National Aeronautics and Space Administration 441

National Archives and Records Administration 447

National Capital Planning Commission 455

National Credit Union Administration 458

National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities 450

National Endowment for tf)e Arts 451

National Endowment for the hlumanities 452

Institute of Museum and Library Services 455

National Labor Relations Board 467

National Mediation Board 471

National Railroad Passenger Corporation (Amtrak) 475

National Science Foundation 475

National Transportation Safety Board 481

Nuclear Regulatory Commission 485

Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission 488

CONTENTS

Office of the Director of National Intelligence 491

Office of Government Ethics 492

Office of Personnel Management 493

Office of Special Counsel 497

Overseas Private Investment Corporation 498

Peace Corps 500

Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation 503

Postal Rate Commission 506

Railroad Retirement Board 507

Securities and Exchange Commission 510

Selective Service System 5 1 5

Small Business Administration 517

Social Security Administration 528

Tennessee Valley Authority 532

Trade and Development Agency 533

United States Agency for International Development 537

United States Commission on Civil Rights 541

United States International Trade Commission 544

United States Postal Service 549

Guide to Boards, Commissions, and Committees 553

Quasi-Official Agencies

Legal Services Corporation 557

Smithsonian Institution 559

State justice Institute 574

United States Institute of Peace 575

Selected Multilateral Organizations 579

Selected Bilateral Organizations 589

Appendix A: Commonly Used Abbreviations and Acronyms 591

Appendix B: Terminated and Transferred Agencies 597

Appendix C: Agencies Appearing in the

Code of Federal Regulations 555

NAME INDEX 665

AGENCY/SUBJECT INDEX 685

RECENT CHANGES 691

The Declaration of
Independence

In congress, July 4, 1 776.

The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America,

When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to
dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume
among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws
of Nature and of Nature's Cod entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of
mankind requires that they should declare the causes which Impel them to the
separation. — We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal,
that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among
these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. — That to secure these rights,
Covernments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent
of the governed, — That whenever any Form of Covernment becomes destructive of
these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new
Covernment, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in
such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.
Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Covernments long established should not be
changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shown,
that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right
themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long
train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a
design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to
throw off such Covernment, and to provide new Cuards for their future security. —
Such has been the patient sufferance of these Colonies; and such is now the
necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems of Covernment. The
history of the present King of Creat Britain is a history of repeated injuries and
usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over
these States. To prove this, let Facts be submitted to a candid world. — He has refused
his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good. — He has
forbidden his Covernors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless
suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so
suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them. — He has refused to pass other
Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people would
relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them
and formidable to tyrants only. — He has called together legislative bodies at places
unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public Records, for
the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. — He has
dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his
invasions on the rights of the people. — He has refused for a long time, after such
dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative powers, incapable
of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State

2 U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

remaining in the mean time exposed to all the dangers of invasion from without, and
convulsions within. — He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States;
for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to
pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising the conditions of new
Appropriations of Lands. — He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, by
refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary powers. — He has made Judges
dependent on his Will alone, for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and
payment of their salaries. — He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent
hither swarms of Officers to harrass our people, and eat out their substance. — He
has kept among us, in times of peace. Standing Armies, without the Consent of our
legislatures. — He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to
the Civil power. — He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign
to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts
of pretended Legislation: — For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us: —
For protecting them, by a mock Trial, from punishment for any Murders which they
should commit on the Inhabitants of these States: — For cutting off our Trade with all
parts of the world: — For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent: — For depriving
us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury: — For transporting us beyond Seas
to be tried for pretended offences: — For abolishing the free System of English Laws
in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and
enlarging its Boundaries so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for
introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies: — For taking away our
Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws, and altering fundamentally the Forms
of our Governments: — For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring
themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever. — He has
abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War
against us. — He has plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt our towns, and
destroyed the lives of our people. — He is at this time transporting large Armies of
foreign Mercenaries to compleat the works of death, desolation and tyranny, already
begun with circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most
barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation. — He has
constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against
their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall
themselves by their Hands. — He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and
has endeavoured to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian
Savages, whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages,
sexes and conditions. In every stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for
Redress in the most humble terms: Our repeated Petitions have been answered only
by repeated injury. A Prince, whose character Is thus marked by every act which
may define a Tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people. Nor have We been
wanting in attentions to our Brittish brethren. We have warned them from time to
time of attempts by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us.
We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here.
We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured
them by the ties of our common kindred to disavow these usurpations, which, would
inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too have been deaf
to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the
necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of
mankind. Enemies in War, in Peace Friends. —

We, therefore, the Representatives of the United States of America, in General
Congress, Assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude
of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authority of the good People of these
Colonies, solemnly publish and declare. That these United Colonies are, and of Right
ought to be Free and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance
to the British Crown, and that all political connection between them and the State
of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally disolved; and that as Free and

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE

Independent States, they have full Power to levy War, conclude Peace, contract
Alliances, establish Commerce, and to do all other Acts and Things which
Independent States may of right do. — And for the support of this Declaration, with
a firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each
other our Lives, our Fortunes and our sacred Honor.

John Hancock
Button Gwinnett
Lyman Hall
Ceo. Walton
Wm. Hooper
Joseph Hewes
John Penn
Edward Rutledge
Thos. Heyward, Jr.
Thomas Lynch, Jr.
Arthur Middleton
Samuel Chase
Wm. Paca
Thos. Stone
Charles Carroll of

Carrollton
George Wythe
Richard Henry Lee
Th. Jefferson

Benj. Harrison
Thos. Nelson, Jr.
Francis Lightfoot Lee
Carter Braxton
Robt. Morris
Benjamin Rush
Benj. Franklin
John Morton
Geo. Clymer
Jas. Smith
Geo. Taylor
James Wilson
Geo. Ross
Caesar Rodney
Geo. Read
Tho. M: Kean
Wm. Floyd
Phil. Livingston
Frans. Lewis

Lewis Morris
Richd. Stockton
Jno. Witherspoon
Fras. Hopkinson
John Hart
Abra. Clark
Josiah Bartlett
Wm. Whipple
Saml. Adams
John Adams
Robt. Treat Paine
Elbridge Gerry
Step. Hopkins
William Ellery
Roger Sherman
Sam. Huntington
Wm. Williams
Oliver Wolcott
Matthew Thornton

The Constitution of the United
States

We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish
Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the
general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity,
do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

Article I

Section 1 . All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the
United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.

Section 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen
every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State
shall have the Qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of
the State Legislature.

No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the Age of
twenty five Years, and been seven Years a Citizen of the United States, and who
shall not, when elected, be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.

Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among the several States
which may be included within this Union, according to their respective Numbers,
which shall be determined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, including
those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three
fifths of all other Persons. The actual Enumeration shall be made within three Years
after the first Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every
subsequent Term of ten Years, in such Manner as they shall by Law direct. The
Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each
State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumerations shall be
made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse three, Massachusetts
eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six.
New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten.
North Carolina five. South Carolina five, and Georgia three.

When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the Executive
Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies.

The House of Representatives shall chuse their speaker and other Officers; and
shall have the sole Power of Impeachment.

Section 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from
each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall
have one Vote.

Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of the first Election,
they shall be divided as equally as may be into three Classes. The Seats of the

6 U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Senators of the first Class shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second Year, of
the second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the third Class at the
Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one third may be chosen every second Year;
and if Vacancies happen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the
Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary Appointments
until the next Meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such Vacancies.

No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the Age of thirty
Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when
elected, be an Inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.

The Vice President of the United States shall be President of the Senate, but shall
have no Vote, unless they be equally divided.

The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore, in
the Absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the Office of President
of the United States.

The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments. When sitting for
that Purpose, they shall be on Oath or Affirmation. When the President of the United
States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside: And no Person shall be convicted
without the concurrence of two thirds of the Members present. Judgment in Cases
of Impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from Office, and
disqualification to hold and enjoy any Office of honor. Trust or Profit under the
United States: but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to
Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, according to law.

Section 4. The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and
Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the
Congress may at any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to the
Places of chusing Senators.

The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and such Meeting shall
be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by Law appoint a different
Day.

Section 5. Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications
of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a Quorum to do
business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be
authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under
such Penalties as each House may provide.

Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, punish its Members for
disorderly Behaviour, and, with the Concurrence of two thirds, expel a Member.

Each House shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from time to time publish
the same, excepting such Parts as may in their Judgment require Secrecy; and the
yeas and Nays of the Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire
of one fifth of those Present, be entered on the Journal.

Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without the Consent of the
other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which
the two Houses shall be sitting.

Section 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a Compensation for their
Services, to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.
They shall in all Cases, except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be
privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of their respective
Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any Speech or Debate
in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place.

No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be
appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States, which shall
have been created, or the Emoluments whereof shall have been encreased during

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 7

such time; and no Person holding any Office under the United States, shall be a
Member of either House during his Continuance in Office.

Section 7. All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of
Representatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with Amendments as on
other Bills.

Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Representatives and the Senate,
shall, before it become a Law, be presented to the President of the United States;
If he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to
that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the Objections at large
on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds
of that House shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the
Objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered, and if
approved by two thirds of that House, it shall become a Law. But in all such Cases
the Votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas and Nays, and the Names
of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered on the Journal of each
House respectively. If any Bill shall not be returned by the President within ten Days
(Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same shall be a
Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their Adjournment
prevent its Return, in which Case it shall not be a Law.

Every Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence of the Senate and
House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of Adjournment)
shall be presented to the President of the United States; and before the Same shall
take Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be
repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of Representatives, according to the
Rules and Limitations prescribed in the Case of a Bill.

Section 8. The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts
and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general
Welfare of the United States; but all duties. Imposts and Excises shall be uniform
throughout the United States;

To borrow Money on the Credit of the United States;

To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and
with the Indian Tribes;

To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject
of Bankruptcies throughout the United States;

To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the
Standard of Weights and Measures;

To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of
the United States;

To establish Post Offices and post Roads;

To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times
to Authors and Inventors exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;

To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court;

To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and
Offences against the Law of Nations;

To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make rules concerning
Captures on Land and Water;

To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be
for a longer Term than two Years;

To provide and maintain a Navy;

To make rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces;

8 U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress
Insurrections and repel Invasions;

To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing
such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving
to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of
training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;

To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not
exceeding ten Miles square), as may, by Cession of particular States, and the
Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of the United States,
and to exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent of the
Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be for the Erection of Forts,
Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings; — And

To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution
the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the
Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.

Section 9. The Migration or Importation of such Persons as any of the States now
existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior
to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be
imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each Person.

The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when
in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.

No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed.

No Capitation, or other direct. Tax shall be laid, unless in Proportion to the Census
or Enumeration herein before directed to be taken.

No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any State.

No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce or Revenue to the
Ports of one State over those of another: nor shall Vessels bound to, or from, one
State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay Duties in another.

No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Consequence of
Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and Account of the Receipts
and Expenditures of all public Money shall be published from time to time.

No Title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States: And no Person holding
any Office of Profit or Trust under them, shall, without the Consent of the Congress,
accept of any present. Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from any
King, Prince, or foreign State.

Section 10. No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance, or Confederation; grant
Letters of Marque and Reprisal; coin Money; emit Bills of Credit; make any Thing
but gold and silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of Attainder,
ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts, or grant any Title
of Nobility.

No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay any Imposts or Duties on
Imports or Exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing it's
inspection Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State
on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and
all such Laws shall be subject to the Revision and Controul of the Congress.

No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any Duty of Tonnage, keep
Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with
another State, or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded,
or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay.

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 9

Article II

Section 1 . The executive Power shall be vested In a President of the United States
of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together
with the Vice President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows

Each State shall appoint. In such Manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a
Number of Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators and Representatives to
which the State may be entitled In the Congress: but no Senator or Representative,
or Person holding an Office of Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be
appointed an Elector.

The Electors shall meet In their respective States, and vote by Ballot for two
Persons, of whom one at least shall not be an Inhabitant of the same State with
themselves. And they shall make a List of all the Persons voted for, and of the
Number of Votes for each; which List they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed
to the Seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the President of the
Senate. The President of the Senate shall. In the Presence of the Senate and House
of Representatives, open all the Certificates, and the Votes shall then be counted.
The Person having the greatest Number of Votes shall be the President, If such
Number be a Majority of the whole Number of Electors appointed; and If there be
more than one who have such Majority, and have an equal Number of Votes, then
the House of Representatives shall Immediately chuse by Ballot one of them for
President: and If no Person have a Majority, then from the five highest on the List
the said House shall In like Manner chuse the President. But in chusing the
President, the Votes shall be taken by States, the Representation from each State
having one Vote; A quorum for this Purpose shall consist of a Member or Members
from two thirds of the States, and a Majority of all the States shall be necessary to
a Choice. In every Case, after the Choice of the President, the Person having the
greatest Number of Votes of the Electors shall be the Vice President. But if there
should remain two or more who have equal Votes, the Senate shall chuse from them
by Ballot the Vice President.

The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Electors, and the Day on
which they shall give their Votes; which Day shall be the same throughout the
United States.

No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the United States, at the
time of the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the Office of President;
neither shall any Person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to the
Age of thirty five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident within the United States.

In Case of the Removal of the President from Office, or of his Death, Resignation,
or Inability to discharge the Powers and Duties of the said Office, the Same shall
devolve on the Vice President, and the Congress may by Law provide for the Case
of Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President and Vice President,
declaring what Officer shall then act as President, and such Officer shall act
accordingly, until the Disability be removed, or a President shall be elected.

The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services, a Compensation,
which shall neither be encreased nor diminished during the Period for which he shall
have been elected, and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolument
from the United States, or any of them.

Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take the following Oath
or Affirmation: — "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the
Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve,
protect and defend the Constitution of the United States."

Section 2. The President shall be Commander In Chief of the Army and Navy of the
United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual

10 U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal
Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties
of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons
for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment.

He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make
Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate,
and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassadors,
other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other
Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided
for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the
Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone,
in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.

The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that may happen during
the Recess of the Senate, by granting Commissions which shall expire at the End of
their next Session.

Section 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State
of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall
judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both
Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between them, with Respect
to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn them to such Time as he shall think
proper; he shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care
that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all the Officers of the
United States.

Section 4. The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States,
shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of. Treason,
Bribery, or other High Crimes and Misdemeanors.

Article III

Section 1 . The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme
Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and
establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their
Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services,
a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.

Section 2. The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising
under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which
shall be made, under their Authority; — to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other
public Ministers and Consuls; — to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction; —
to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party; — to Controversies
between two or more States; between a State and Citizens of another State; —
between Citizens of different States; — between Citizens of the same State claiming
Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof,
and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.

In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, and those
in which a State shall be Party, the supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction.
In all the other Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court shall have appellate
Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, and under such
Regulations as the Congress shall make.

The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury; and
such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 11

committed; but when not committed within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place
or Places as the Congress may by Law have directed.

Section 3. Treason against the United States, shall consist only in levying War against
them, or In adhering to their Enemies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall
be convicted of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to the same overt
Act, or on Confession in open Court.

The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of Treason, but no
Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of Blood, or Forfeiture except during the
Life of the Person attainted.

Article IV

Section 1 . Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts,
Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by
general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings
shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.

Section 2. The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities
of Citizens in the several States.

A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall
flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive
Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the
State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.

No person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof,
escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be
discharged from such Service or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the
Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due.

Section 3. New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new
State shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any
State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without
the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.

The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and
Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States;
and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims
of the United States, or of any particular State.

Section 4. The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a
Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion;
and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature
cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.

Article V

The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it necessary, shall
propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the Application of the Legislatures
of two thirds of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing
Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as
Part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the
several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other
Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that no
Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight hundred and
eight shall in any Manner affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

the first Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal
Suffrage in the Senate.

Article VI

All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before the Adoption of this
Constitution, shall be as valid against the United States under this Constitution, as
under the Confederation.

This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in
Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the
Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges
in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any
State to the Contrary notwithstanding.

The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the Members of the
several State Legislatures, and all executive and judicial Officers, both of the United
States and of the several States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support
this Constitution; but no religious Test shall ever be required as a Qualification to
any Office or public Trust under the United States.

Article VII

The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the
Establishment of this Constitution between the States so ratifying the Same.

done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States present
the Seventeenth Day of September in the Year of our Lord one
thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven and of the Independence
of the United States of America the Twelfth In witness whereof We
have hereunto subscribed our Names,

G° Washington — Presid'
and deputy from Virginia

New Hampshire

John Langdon
Nicholas Oilman

Massachusetts Nathaniel Gorham
Rufus King

Connecticut W™ Sam' Johnson
Roger Sherman

New York Alexander Hamilton
New Jersey Wil: Livingston
David Brearley.
W™ Paterson.
Jona: Dayton

Pennsylvania

B Franklin
Thomas Mifflin
Rob' Morris
Geo. Clymer
Tho'' FitzSimons
Jared Ingersoll

' Spelled with one "n" on the original document.

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES

James Wilson
Couv Morris

Delaware Ceo: Read

Cunning Bedford jun
John Dickinson
Richard Bassett
Jaco: Broom

Maryland James M'^Henry

Dan of S' Tho" Jenifer
Dan' Carroll

Virginia John Blair —

James Madison Jr.

North Carolina

W" Blount

Rich'i Dobbs Spaight.

Hu Williamson

South Carolina

J. Rutledge

Charles Cotesworth Pinckney

Charles Pinckney

Pierce Butler.

Georgia William Few
Abr Baldwin

Amendments

{The first 10 Amendments were ratified December 15, 1791, and form what is known
as the Bill of Rights)

Amendment 1

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting
the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the
right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a
redress of grievances.

Amendment 2

A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of
the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.

14 U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Amendment 3

No Soldier shall, In time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent
of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.

Amendment 4

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects,
against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants
shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and
particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be
seized.

Amendment 5

No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless
on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land
or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public
danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put In
jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness
against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of
law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.

Amendment 6

In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public
trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been
committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be
informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the
witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his
favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.

Amendment 7

In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars,
the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be
otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules
of the common law.

Amendment 8

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and
unusual punishments inflicted.

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 15

Amendment 9

The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny
or disparage others retained by the people.

Amendment 10

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited
by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

Amendment 11

{Ratified February 7, 1795)

The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit
in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by
Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.

Amendment 12

(Ratified July 27, 1804)

The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for President and
Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state
with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President,
and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make
distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-
President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify,
and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to
the President of the Senate; — The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of
the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall
then be counted; — The person having the greatest number of votes for President,
shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors
appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the
highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the
House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in
choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from
each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member
or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be
necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a
President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth
day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the
case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. — The person
having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President,
if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no
person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate
shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds
of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be
necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of
President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States.

16 U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Amendment 13

{Ratified December 6, 1865)

Section 1 . Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for
crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United
States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate
legislation.

Amendment 14

{Ratified July 9, 1868)

Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the
jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they
reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges
or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person
of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person
within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according
to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State,
excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice
of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in
Congress, the Executive and judicial officers of a State, or the members of the
Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being
twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged,
except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation
therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens
shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such
State.

Section 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector
of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United
States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of
Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State
legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the
Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion
against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may
by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability.

Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law,
including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in
suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United
States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of
insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or
emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held
illegal and void.

Section 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the
provisions of this article.

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 17

Amendment 15

{Ratified February 3, 1870)

Section 1 . The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or
abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous
condition of servitude.

Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate
legislation.

Amendment 16

{Ratified February 3, 1913)

The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever
source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard
to any census or enumeration.

Amendment 17

{Ratified April 8, 1913)

The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State,
elected by the people thereof for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote.
The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the
most numerous branch of the State legislatures.

When vacancies happen In the representation of any State in the Senate, the
executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies:
Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to
make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the
legislature may direct.

This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any
Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution.

Amendment 18

{Ratified January 16, 1919. Repealed December 5, 1933 by Amendment 21)

Section 1 . After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale,
or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the
exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction
thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited.

Section 2. The Congress and the several States shall have concurrent power to
enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an
amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of the several States as provided
in the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the
States by the Congress.

18 U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Amendment 19

{Ratified August 18, 1920)

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged
by the United States or by any State on account of sex.

Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Amendment 20

{Ratified January 23, / 933)

Section 1 . The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the
20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the
3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article
had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin.

Section 2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting
shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a
different day.

Section 3. If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the
President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If
a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of
his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President
elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress
may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice
President elect shall have qualified, declaring who shall then act as President, or the
manner in which one who is to act shall be selected, and such person shall act
accordingly until a President or Vice President shall have qualified.

Section 4. The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the
persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever
the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death
of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever
the right of choice shall have devolved upon them.

Section 5. Sections J and 2 shall take effect on the J 5th day of October following
the ratification of this article.

Section 6. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an
amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several
States within seven years from the date of its submission.

Amendment 21

{Ratified December 5, 1933)

Section 1 . The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United
States is hereby repealed.

Section 2. The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or possession
of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation
of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES 19

Section 3. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an
amendment to the Constitution by conventions in the several States, as provided in
the Constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the
States by the Congress.

Amendment 22

{Ratified February 27, 1951)

Section 1 . No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice,
and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President, for more
than two years of a term to which some other person was elected President shall
be elected to the office of the President more than once. But this Article shall not
apply to any person holding the office of President when this Article was proposed
by the Congress, and shall not prevent any person who may be holding the office
of President, or acting as President, during the term within which this Article
becomes operative from holding the office of President or acting as President during
the remainder of such term.

Section 2. This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an
amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several
States within seven years from the date of its submission to the States by the
Congress.

Amendment 23

(Ratified March 29, 1961)

Section 1 . The District constituting the seat of Government of the United States shall
appoint in such manner as the Congress may direct:

A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to the whole number
of Senators and Representatives In Congress to which the District would be entitled
if it were a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; they shall be
in addition to those appointed by the States, but they shall be considered, for the
purposes of the election of President and Vice President, to be electors appointed
by a State; and they shall meet in the District and perform such duties as provided
by the twelfth article of amendment.

Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate
legislation.

Amendment 24

(Ratified January 23, 1 964)

Section 1 . The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other
election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President,
or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the
United States or any State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.

Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate
legislation.

20 U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Amendment 25

{Ratified February 10, 1967)

Section 1 . In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or
resignation, the Vice President shall become President.

Section 2. Whenever there is a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, the
President shall nominate a Vice President who shall take office upon confirmation
by a majority vote of both Houses of Congress.

Section 3. Whenever the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the
Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that
he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he transmits
to them a written declaration to the contrary, such powers and duties shall be
discharged by the Vice President as Acting President.

Section 4. Whenever the Vice President and a majority of either the principal officers
of the executive departments or of such other body as Congress may by law provide,
transmit to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House
of Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge
the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall immediately assume the
powers and duties of the office as Acting President.

Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate
and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no
inability exists, he shall resume the powers and duties of his office unless the Vice
President and a majority of either the principal officers of the executive department
or of such other body as Congress may by law provide, transmit within four days
to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of
Representatives their written declaration that the President is unable to discharge the
powers and duties of his office. Thereupon Congress shall decide the issue,
assembling within forty-eight hours for that purpose if not in session. If the Congress,
within twenty-one days after receipt of the latter written declaration, or, if Congress
is not in session, within twenty-one days after Congress is required to assemble,
determines by two-thirds vote of both Houses that the President is unable to
discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice President shall continue to
discharge the same as Acting President; otherwise, the President shall resume the
powers and duties of his office.

Amendment 26

(Ratified July 1, 1971)

Section 1 . The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age

or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State

on account of age.

Section 2. The Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by appropriate

legislation.

Amendment 27

(Ratified May 7, 1992)

No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and
Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have
intervened.

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES

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Legislative Branch

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

CONGRESS

One Hundred and Ninth Congress, First Session

The Senate

The Capitol, Washington, DC 20510

Phone, 202-224-3121 . Internet, www. senate, gov.

President of the Senate (Vice President of the

United States)
President pro tempore
Majority Leader
Minority Leader

Secretary of the Senate

Sergeant at Arms

Secretary for the Majority

Secretary for the Minority

Chaplain

Dick Cheney

Ted Stevens
Bill Frist
Harry Reid
Emily Reynolds
Bill Pickle
David J. Schiappa
Martin Paone
Barry Black

The House of Representatives

The Capitol, Washington, DC 20515

Phone, 202-225-3121 . Internet, www.house.gov.

The Speaker
Clerk

Sergeant at Arms
Chief Administrative Officer
Chaplain

J. Dennis Hastert
Jeff Trandahl
Wilson L. Livincood
James M. Eagen III
Rev. Daniel P. Couchlin

The Congress of the United States was created by Article I, section 1, of the
Constitution, adopted by the Constitutional Convention on September 17, 1787,
providing that "All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress
of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and hlouse of Representatives.

The first Congress under the Constitution met on March 4, 1 789, in the Federal
Hall in New York City. The membership then consisted of 20 ' Senators and 59
Representatives.

^ New York ratified the Constitution on July 25,
1 788, but did not elect its Senators until July 1 5 and
16, 1789. Nortli Carolina did not ratify the
Constitution until November 21, 1789; Rhode Island
ratified it on May 29, 1790.

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

CONGRESS

One Hundred and Ninth Congress, First Session

The Senate

The Capitol, Washington, DC 20510

Phone, 202-224-3121 . Internet, www. senate, gov.

President of the Senate (Vice President of the

United States)
President pro tempore
Majority Leader
Minority Leader

Secretary of the Senate

Sergeant at Arms

Secretary for the Majority

Secretary for the Minority

Chaplain

Dick Cheney

Ted Stevens
Bill Frist
Harry Reid
Emily Reynolds
Bill Pickle
David J. Schiappa
Martin Paone
Barry Black

The House of Representatives

The Capitol, Washington, DC 20515

Phone, 202-225-3121 . Internet, www.house.gov.

The Speaker
Clerk

Sergeant at Arms
Chief Administrative Officer
Chaplain

J. Dennis Hastert
Jeff Trandahl
Wilson L. Livincood
James M. Eagen III
Rev. Daniel P. Couchlin

The first Congress under the Constitution met on March 4, 1 789, in the Federal
Hall in New York City. The membership then consisted of 20 ' Senators and 59
Representatives.

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

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U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

The Senate is composed of 100 Members, 2 from each State, who are elected to
serve for a term of 6 years. Senators were originally chosen by the State legislatures.
This procedure was changed by the 17th amendment to the Constitution, adopted
in 1913, which made the election of Senators a function of the people. There are
three classes of Senators, and a new class is elected every 2 years.

The House of Representatives comprises 435 Representatives. The number
representing each State is determined by population, but every State is entitled to
at least one Representative. Members are elected by the people for 2-year terms, all
terms running for the same period.

Both the Senators and the Representatives must be residents of the State from
which they are chosen. In addition, a Senator must be at least 30 years of age and
must have been a citizen of the United States for at least 9 years; a Representative
must be at least 25 years of age and must have been a citizen for at least 7 years.

A Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico (elected for a 4-year term) and
Delegates from American Samoa, the District of Columbia, Guam, and the Virgin
Islands complete the composition of the Congress of the United States. Delegates are
elected for a term of 2 years. The Resident Commissioner and Delegates may take
part in the floor discussions but have no vote in the full House or in the Committee
of the Whole House on the State of the Union. They do, however, vote in the
committees to which they are assigned.

Officers The Vice President of the
United States is the Presiding Officer of
the Senate; in his absence the duties are
taken over by a President pro tempore,
elected by that body, or someone
designated by him. The Presiding Officer
of the House of Representatives, the
Speaker, is elected by the House; he
may designate any Member of the House
to act in his absence.

The positions of Senate majority and
minority leader have been in existence
only since the early years of the 20th
century. Leaders are elected at the
beginning of each new Congress by a
majority vote of the Senators in their
political party. In cooperation with their
party organizations, leaders are
responsible for the design and
achievement of a legislative program.
This involves managing the flow of
legislation, expediting noncontroversial
measures, and keeping Members
informed regarding proposed action on
pending business. Each leader serves as
an ex officio member of his party's
policymaking and organizational bodies
and is aided by an assistant floor leader
(whip) and a party secretary.

The House leadership is structured
essentially the same as the Senate, with
the Members in the political parties
responsible for the election of their
respective leader and whips.

The Secretary of the Senate, elected by
vote of the Senate, performs the duties of
the Presiding Officer of the Senate in the
absence of the Vice President and
pending the election of a President pro
tempore. The Secretary is the custodian
of the seal of the Senate, draws
requisitions on the Secretary of the
Treasury for moneys appropriated for the
compensation of Senators, officers, and
employees, and for the contingent
expenses of the Senate, and is
empowered to administer oaths to any
officer of the Senate and to any witness
produced before it. The Secretary's
executive duties include certification of
extracts from the Journal of the Senate;
the attestation of bills and joint,
concurrent, and Senate resolutions; in
impeachment trials, issuance, under the
authority of the Presiding Officer, of all
orders, mandates, writs, and precepts
authorized by the Senate; and
certification to the President of the
United States of the advice and consent
of the Senate to ratification of treaties
and the names of persons confirmed or
rejected upon the nomination of the
President.

The Sergeant at Arms of the Senate is
elected by and serves as the Executive
Officer of that body. He directs and
supervises the various departments and
facilities under his jurisdiction. He is

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

also the Law Enforcement and Protocol
Officer. As Law Enforcement Officer, he
has statutory power to make arrests; to
locate absentee Senators for a quorum;
to enforce Senate rules and regulations
as they pertain to the Senate Chamber,
the Senate wing of the Capitol, and the
Senate Office Buildings. He serves as a
member of the Capitol Police Board and
as its chairman each odd year; and,
subject to the Presiding Officer,
maintains order in the Senate Chamber.
As Protocol Officer, he is responsible for
many aspects of ceremonial functions,
including the inauguration of the
President of the United States; arranging
funerals of Senators who die in office;
escorting the President when he
addresses a Joint Session of Congress or
attends any function in the Senate; and
escorting heads of state when they visit
the Senate.

The elected officers of the House of
Representatives include the Clerk, the
Sergeant at Arms, the Chief
Administrative Officer, and the Chaplain.

The Clerk is custodian of the seal of
the House and administers the primary
legislative activities of the House. These
duties include accepting the credentials
of the Members-elect and calling the
Members to order at the commencement
of the first session of each Congress;
keeping the Journal; taking all votes and
certifying the passage of bills; and
processing all legislation. Through
various departments, the Clerk is also
responsible for floor and committee
reporting services; legislative information
and reference services; the
administration of House reports pursuant
to House rules and certain legislation
including the Ethics in Government Act
and the Lobbying Disclosure Act of
1995; the distribution of House
documents; and administration of the
House Page Program. The Clerk is also
charged with supervision of the offices
vacated by Members due to death,

resignation, or expulsion

Standing Committees of thie Congress

The Sergeant at Arms maintains the
order of the House under the direction
of the Speaker and is the keeper of the
Mace. As a member of the U.S. Capitol
Police Board, the Sergeant at Arms is the
chief law enforcement officer for the
House and serves as Board Chairman
each even year. The ceremonial and
protocol duties parallel those of the
Senate Sergeant at Arms and include
arranging the inauguration of the
President of the United States, Joint
Sessions of Congress, visits to the House
of heads of state, and funerals of
Members of Congress. The Sergeant at
Arms enforces the rules relating to the
privileges of the Hall of the House,
including admission to the galleries,
oversees garage and parking security of
the House, and distributes all House staff
identification cards.

Committees The work of preparing and
considering legislation is done largely by
committees of both Houses of Congress.
There are 15 standing committees in the
Senate and 19 in the House of
Representatives. The standing
committees of the Senate and the House
of Representatives are shown in the list
below. In addition, there are two select
committees in each House and various
congressional commissions and joint
committees composed of Members of
both Houses. Each House may also
appoint special investigating committees.
The membership of the standing
committees of each House is chosen by
a vote of the entire body; members of
other committees are appointed under
the provisions of the measure
establishing them.

Each bill and resolution is usually
referred to the appropriate committee,
which may report a bill out in its
original form, favorably or unfavorably,
recommend amendments, report original
measures, or allow the proposed
legislation to die in committee without
action.

House Committee

Senate Committee

Room 2

Agriculture

Appropriations ...
Armed Services .

1301 Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry SR-328A

H218 Appropriations S-128

2120 Armed Services SR-228

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Standing Committees of tlie Congress — Continued

House Committee

Room ^

Senate Committee

Room^

Budget

Education and tiie Wori^force

Energy and Commerce

Financial Services

Government Reform

Homeland Security

House Administration

Franking Commission:

Majority

Minority

International Relations

Judiciary

Publications

Resources

Rules

Minority

Science

Small Business

Standards of Official Conduct

Office of Advice and Education

Transportation and Infrastructure

Veterans' Affairs

Ways and Means

309
2181
2125
2129
2157
LA202
1309

1309
1216
2170
2138

B29
1324
H312

234
2320
2361

HT2

HT2
2165

335
1102

Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs

Commerce, Science, and Transportation .

Energy and Natural Resources

Environment and Public Works

Finance

Foreign Relations

Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

Judiciary .

SD-534
SD-624
SD-508
SD-364
SD-410

SD-219
SD-446

SD-340
SD-428

SD-224

Rules and Administration SR-305

Small Business and Entrepreneurship SR^28A

Veterans' Affairs SR-412

T Room numbers with three digits are in the Cannon House Office Building, four digits beginning with 1 are in the Long-
worth House Office Building, and four digits beginning with 2 are in the Rayburn House Office Building. Room numbers pre-
ceded by H or HT are in the House wing of the Capitol Building. Rooms preceded by an LA are in the John Adams Building
of the Library of Congress.

2 Room numbers preceded by S are in the Senate wing of the Capitol Building; those preceded by SD are in the Dirksen
Office Building; those preceded by SR are in the Russell Office Building; and those preceded by SH are in the Hart Office
Building.

Congressional Record Proceedings of
Congress are published in the
Congressional Record, which is issued
each day when Congress is in session.
Publication of the Record began March
4, 1873. It was the first record of debate
officially reported, printed, and
published directly by the Federal
Government. The Daily Digest of the
Congressional Record, printed in the
back of each issue of the Record,
summarizes the proceedings of that day
in each House, and each of their
committees and subcommittees,
respectively. The Digest also presents the
legislative program for each day and, at
the end of the week, gives the program
for the following week. Its publication
was begun March 17, 1947.
Sessions Section 4 of Article I of the
Constitution makes it mandatory that
"The Congress shall assemble at least
once in every Year. . . ." Under this
provision, also, the date for convening
Congress was designated originally as
the first Monday in December, "unless
they shall by Law appoint a different
Day." Eighteen acts were passed, up to
1820, providing for the meeting of
Congress on other days of the year. From

1820 to 1934, however. Congress met
regularly on the first Monday in
December. In 1934 the Twentieth
Amendment changed the convening of
Congress to January 3, unless Congress
"shall by law appoint a different day."
In addition, the President, according to
Article II, section 3, of the Constitution
"may, on extraordinary Occasions,
convene both Houses, or either of them,
and in Case of Disagreement between
them, with Respect to the Time of
Adjournment, he may adjourn them to
such Time as he shall think
proper. . . ."

Powers of Congress Article I, section 8,
of the Constitution defines the powers of
Congress. Included are the powers to
assess and collect taxes — called the chief
power; to regulate commerce, both
interstate and foreign; to coin money; to
establish post offices and post roads; to
establish courts inferior to the Supreme
Court; to declare war; and to raise and
maintain an army and navy. Congress is
further empowered "To provide for
calling forth the Militia to execute the
Laws of the Union, suppress
Insurrections and repel Invasions;" and
"To make all Laws which shall be

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

necessary and proper for carrying into
Execution the foregoing Powers, and all
other Powers vested by this Constitution
in the Government of the United States,
or in any Department or Officer
thereof."

Amendments to the Constitution
Another power vested in the Congress is
the right to propose amendments to the
Constitution, whenever two-thirds of
both Houses shall deem it necessary.
Should two-thirds of the State legislatures
demand changes in the Constitution, it is
the duty of Congress to call a
constitutional convention. Proposed
amendments shall be valid as part of the
Constitution when ratified by the
legislatures or by conventions of three-
fourths of the States, as one or the other
mode of ratification may be proposed by
Congress.

Special Powers of the Senate Under
the Constitution, the Senate is granted
certain powers not accorded to the
House of Representatives. The Senate
approves or disapproves certain
Presidential appointments by majority
vote, and treaties must be concurred in
by a two-thirds vote.
Special Powers of the House of
Representatives The House of
Representatives is granted the power of
originating all bills for the raising of
revenue. Both Houses of Congress act in
impeachment proceedings, which,
according to the Constitution, may be
instituted against the President, Vice
President, and all civil officers of the
United States. The House of
Representatives has the sole power of
impeachment, and the Senate has the
sole power to try impeachments.
Prohibitions Upon Congress Section 9
of Article I of the Constitution also
imposes prohibitions upon Congress.
"The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas
Corpus shall not be suspended, unless
when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion
the public Safety may require it." A bill
of attainder or an ex post facto law
cannot be passed. No export duty can
be imposed. Ports of one State cannot be
given preference over those of another
State. "No money shall be drawn from
the Treasury, but in Consequence of

Appropriations made by Law. . . ." No
title of nobility may be granted.
Rights of Members According to
section 6 of Article I, Members of
Congress are granted certain privileges.
In no case, except in treason, felony,
and breach of the peace, can Members
be arrested while attending sessions of
Congress "and in going to and returning
from the same. . . ." Furthermore, the
Members cannot be questioned in any
other place for remarks made in
Congress. Each House may expel a
Member of its body by a two-thirds vote.
Enactment of Laws All bills and joint
resolutions must pass both the House of
Representatives and the Senate and must
be signed by the President, except those
proposing a constitutional amendment,
in order to become law, or be passed
over the President's veto by a two-thirds
vote of both Houses of Congress. Section
7 of Article I states: "If any Bill shall not
be returned by the President within ten
Days (Sundays excepted) after it shall
have been presented to him, the Same
shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he
had signed it, unless the Congress by
their Adjournment prevent its Return, in
which Case it shall not be a Law."
When a bill or joint resolution is
introduced in the House, the usual
procedure for its enactment into law is
as follows:

— assignment to House committee
having jurisdiction;

— if favorably considered, it is
reported to the House either in its
original form or with recommended
amendments;

— if the bill or resolution is passed by
the House, it is messaged to the Senate
and referred to the committee having
jurisdiction;

— in the Senate committee the bill, if
favorably considered, may be reported in
the form as received from the House, or
with recommended amendments;

— the approved bill or resolution is
reported to the Senate, and if passed by
that body, is returned to the House;

— if one body does not accept the
amendments to a bill by the other body,
a conference committee comprised of
Members of both bodies is usually
appointed to effect a compromise;

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

— when the bill or joint resolution is
finally approved by both Houses, It is
signed by the Speaker (or Speaker pro
tempore) and the Vice President (or
President pro tempore or acting
President pro tempore) and is presented
to the President; and

— once the President's signature is
affixed, the measure becomes a law. If
the President vetoes the bill, it cannot
become a law unless it is re-passed by a
two-thirds vote of both Houses.

Electronic Access Specific information
and legislation can be found on the
Internet at http://thomas.loc.gov, http://
clerk.house.gov, or www.senate.gov.
Publications The Congressional
Directory, the Senate Manual, telephone
directories for the U.S. Senate and the
House of Representatives, and the House
Rules and Manual may be obtained from
the Superintendent of Documents,
Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402. Internet,
www.gpoaccess.gov/databases.html.

Senators

[Republicans in roman (55); Democrats in italic (44); Independents in bold (1); total, 100]
Room numbers preceded by SR are in the Russell Office Building (Delaware and Constitution Avenues);
those preceded by SD are in the Dirksen Office Building (First Street and Constitution Avenue); and
those preceded by SH are in the Hart Office Building (Second and C Streets). Members' offices may be
reached by phone at 202-224-3121.

Name

State

Room

Akaka, Daniel K Hawaii

Alexander, Lamar Tennessee

Allard, Wayne Colorado

Allen, George Virginia

Baucus, Max Montana

Bayh, Evan Indiana

Bennett, Robert F Utah

Biden, Joseph R., Jr Delaware

Bingaman, Jeff New Mexico ....

Bond, Christopher S Missouri

Boxer, Barbara California

Brownback, Sam Kansas

Bunning, Jim Kentucky

Burns, Conrad R Montana

Burr, Richard North Carolina .

Byrd, Robert C West Virginia ...

Cantwell, Maria Washington

Carper, Thomas R Delaware

Chafee, Lincoln D Rhode Island ...

Chambliss, Saxby Georgia

Clinton, Hillary Rodham New York

Coburn, Tom Oklahoma

Cochran, Thad Mississippi

Coleman, Norm Minnesota

Collins, Susan M Maine

Conrad, Kent North Dakota ...

Cornyn, John Texas

Corzine, Jon S New Jersey

Craig, Larry E Idaho

Crapo, Mike Idaho

Dayton, Mark Minnesota

DeMint, Jim South Carolina

DeWine, Mike Ohio

Dodd, Christopher J Connecticut

Dole, Elizabeth H North Carolina .

Domenici, Pete V New Mexico ....

Dorgan, Byron L North Dakota ...

Durbin, Richard J Illinois

SH141
SH302
SD521
SR204
SH511
SR463
SD431
SR201
SH703
SR274
SH112
SH303
SH316
SD187
SR217
SH311
SH717
SH513
SR141A
SR416
SR476
SRI 72
SD113
SH320
SD461
SH530
SH517
SH502
SH520
SD239
SRI 23
SR340
SRI 40
SR448
SD555
SH328
SH322
SD332

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Senators — Continued

Name

State

Room

Ensign, John Nevada

Enzi, Mike Wyoming

Feingold, Russell D Wisconsin

Felnstein, DIanne California

Frist, Bill Tennessee

Graham, Lindsey O South Carolina ..

Grassley, Charles E Iowa

Gregg, Judd New Hampshire

Hagel, Chuck Nebraska

Harkin, Tom Iowa

Hatch, Orrin G Utah

Hutchison, Kay Bailey Texas

Inhofe, James M Oklahoma

Inouye, Daniel K Hawaii

Isakson, Johnny Georgia

Jeffords, James M Vermont

Johnson, Tim South Dakota ....

Kennedy, Edward M Massachusetts ..

Kerry, John F Massachusetts ..

Kohl, Herb Wisconsin

Kyi, Jon Arizona

Landrieu, Mary L Louisiana

Lautenberg, Frank New Jersey

Leahy, Patrick J Vermont

Levin, Carl Michigan

Lieberman, Joseph I Connecticut

Lincoln, Blanche L Arkansas

Lott, Trent Mississippi

Lugar, Richard G Indiana

Martinez, Mel Florida

McCain, John Arizona

McConnell, Mitch Kentucky

MikulskI, Barbara A Maryland

Murkowski, Lisa Alaska

Murray, Patty Washington

Nelson, Bill Florida

Nelson, E. Benjamin Nebraska

Obama, Barack Illinois

Pryor, Mark Arkansas

Reed, Jack Rhode Island

Reid, Harry Nevada

Roberts, Pat Kansas

Rockefeller, John D., IV West Virginia

Salazar, Ken Colorado

Santorum, Rick Pennsylvania

Sarbanes, Paul S Maryland

Schumer, Charles E New York

Sessions, Jeff Alabama

Shelby, Richard C Alabama

Smith, Gordon Oregon

Snowe, Olympia J Maine

Specter, Arlen Pennsylvania

Stabenow, Debbie Michigan

SR356
SR379A
SH506
SH331
SH509
SR290
SHI 35
SR393
SR248
SH731
SHI 04
SR284
SR453
SH722
SRI 20
SD413
SHI 36
SR317
SR304
SH330
SH730
SH724
SH324
SR433
SR269
SH706
SD355
SR487
SH306
SH317
SR241
SR361A
SH503
SH709
SRI 73
SH716
SH720
SH713
SD257
SH728
SH528
SHI 09
SH531
SH702
SD511
SH309
SH313
SR335
SH110
SR404
SRI 54
SH711
SHI 33

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Senators — Continued

Name

State

Room

Stevens, Ted Alaska

Sununu, John E New Hampshire

Talent, James M Missouri

Thomas, Craig Wyoming

Thune, John South Dakota ....

Vitter, David Louisiana

Voinovich, George V Ohio

Warner, John W Virginia

\Nyden, Ron Oregon

SH522
SR1 11
SR493
SD307
SR383
SH825A
SH524
SR225
SD230

Representatives

[Republicans in roman (231 ); Democrats in italic (202); Independents in bold (1 ); vacancy (1 ); total, 435]
Room numbers with three digits are in the Cannon House Office Building (New Jersey and Independence
Avenues), four digits beginning with 1 are in the Longworth House Office Building (between South Cap-
itol Street and New Jersey Avenue on Independence Avenue), and four digits beginning with 2 are in
the Rayburn House Office Building (between First and South Capitol Streets on Independence Avenue).
Members' offices may be reached by phone at 202-225-3121. The most current listing of House Mem-
bers can be found on the Internet at http://clerk.house.gov.

Name

State (District)

Room

Abercrombie, Neil Hawaii (1)

Ackerman, Gary L New York (5)

Aderholt, Robert B Alabama (4)

Akin, W. Todd Missouri (2)

Alexander, Rodney Louisiana (5)

Allen, Thomas H Maine (1)

Andrews, Robert E New Jersey (1)

Baca, Joe California (43)

Bachus, Spencer Alabama (6)

Baird, Brian Washington (3)

Baker, Richard H Louisiana (6)

Baldwin, Tammy Wisconsin (2)

Barrett, J. Gresham South Carolina (3) ..

Barrow, John Georgia (12)

Bartlett, Roscoe G Maryland (6)

Barton, Joe Texas (6)

Bass, Charles F New Hampshire (2)

Bean, Melissa L Illinois (8)

Beauprez, Bob Colorado (7)

Becerra, Xavier California (31)

Berkley, Shelley Nevada (1)

Berman, Howard L California (28)

Berry, Marion Arkansas (1)

Biggert, Judy Illinois (13)

Bilirakis, Michael Florida (9)

Bishop, Rob Utah (1)

Bishop, Sanford D., Jr Georgia (2)

Bishop, Timothy H New York (1)

Blackburn, Marsha Tennessee (7)

Blumenauer, Earl Oregon (3)

Blunt, Roy Missouri (7)

Boehlert, Sherwood New York (24)

1502
2243
1433

117

316
1127
2439

328

442
1421

341
1022
1523

226
2412
2109
2421

512

504
1119

439
2221
2305
1317
2408

124
2429
1133

509
2446

217
2246

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Representatives — Continued

Name

State (District)

Room

Boehner, John A Ohio (8)

Bonilla, Henry Texas (23)

Bonner, Jo Alabama (1)

Bono, Mary California (45)

Boozman, John Arkansas (3)

Boren, Dan Oklahoma (2)

Boswell, Leonard L Iowa (3)

Boucher, Rick Virginia (9)

Boustany, Charles W., Jr Louisiana (7)

Boyd, Allen Florida (2)

Bradley, Jeb New Hampshire (1)

Brady, Kevin Texas (8)

Brady, Robert A Pennsylvania (1) ....

Brown, Corrlne Florida (3)

Brown, Henry E., Jr South Carolina (1) ..

Brown, Sherrod Ohio (13)

Brown-Waite, Ginny Florida (5)

Burgess, Michael C Texas (26)

Burton, Dan Indiana (5)

Butterfield, G.K North Carolina (1) ..

Buyer, Steve Indiana (4)

Calvert, Ken California (44)

Camp, Dave Michigan (4)

Cannon, Chris Utah (3)

Cantor, Eric Virginia (7)

Capito, Shelley Moore West Virginia (2) ....

Capps, Lois California (23)

Capuano, Michael E Massachusetts (8) ..

Cardin, Benjamin L Maryland (3)

Cardoza, Dennis A California (18)

Carnahan, Russ Missouri (3)

Carson, Julia Indiana (7)

Carter, John R Texas (31)

Case, Ed Hawaii (2)

Castle, Michael N Delaware (At Large)

Chabot, Steve Ohio (1)

Chandler, Ben Kentucky (6)

Chocola, Chris Indiana (2)

Clay, William Lacy Missouri (1)

Cleaver, Emanuel Missouri (5)

Clyburn, James E South Carolina (6) ..

Coble, Howard North Carolina (6) ..

Cole, Tom Oklahoma (4)

Conaway, K. Michael Texas (11)

Conyers, John, Jr Michigan (14)

Cooper, Jim Tennessee (5)

Costa, Jim California (20)

Costello, Jerry F Illinois (12)

Cox, Christopher California (48)

Cramer, Robert E. (Bud), Jr Alabama (5)

Crenshaw, Ander Florida (4)

1011
2458

315

405
1519

216
1427
2187
1117
1227
1218

428

206
2444
1124
2332

414
1721
2185

413
2230
2201

137
2436

329
1431
1707
1530
2207

435
1232
1535

408

115
1233

129
1504

510

131
1641
2135
2468

236

511
2426
1536
1004
2269
2402
2368

127

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Representatives — Continued

Name

State (District)

Room

Crowley, Joseph New York (7)

Cubin, Barbara Wyoming (At Large)

Cuellar, Henry Texas (28)

Culberson, John Abney Texas (7)

Cummings, Elijah E Maryland (7)

Cunningham, Randy (Duke) California (50)

Davis, Artur Alabama (7)

Davis, Danny K Illinois (7)

Davis, Geoff Kentucky (4)

Davis, Jim Florida (11)

Davis, Jo Ann Virginia (1)

Davis, Lincoln Tennessee (4)

Davis, Susan A California (53)

Davis, Tom Virginia (11)

Deal, Nathan Georgia (10)

DeFazio, Peter A Oregon (4)

DeGette, Diana Colorado (1)

Delahunt, William D Massachusetts (10) .

DeLauro, Rosa L Connecticut (3)

Delay, Tom Texas (22)

Dent, Charles W Pennsylvania (15) ...

Diaz-Balart, Lincoln Florida (21)

Diaz-Balart, Mario Florida (25)

Dicks, Norman D Washington (6)

Dingell, John D Michigan (15)

Doggeit, Lloyd Texas (25)

Doolittle, John T California (4)

Doyle, Michael F Pennsylvania (14) ...

Drake, Thelma D Virginia (2)

Dreier, David California (26)

Duncan, John J., Jr Tennessee (2)

Edwards, Chei Texas (17)

Ehlers, Vernon J Michigan (3)

Emanuel, Rahm Illinois (5)

Emerson, Jo Ann Missouri (8)

Engel, Eliot L New York (17)

English, Phil Pennsylvania (3)

Eshoo, Anna G California (14)

Etherldge, Bob North Carolina (2) ...

Evans, Lane Illinois (17)

Everett, Terry Alabama (2)

Farr, Sam California (17)

Fattah, Chaka Pennsylvania (2)

Feeney, Tom Florida (24)

Ferguson, Mike New Jersey (7)

Filner, Bob California (51)

Fitzpatrick, Michael G Pennsylvania (8)

Flake, Jeff Arizona (6)

Foley, Mark Florida (16)

Forbes, J. Randy Virginia (4)

Ford, Harold E., Jr Tennessee (9)

312
1114
1404
1728
2235
2350

208
1526
1541

409
1123

410
1224
2348
2133
2134
1527
2454
2262

242

502
2244

313
2467
2328

201
2410

401
1208

233
2267
2264
1714
1319
2440
2161
1410

205
1533
2211
2312
1221
2301

323

214
2428
1516

424

104

307

325

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Representatives — Continued

Name

State (District)

Room

Fortenberry, Jeff Nebraska (1)

Fossella, Vito New York (13)

Foxx, Virginia North Carolina (5)

Frank, Barney Massachusetts (4)

Franks, Trent Arizona (2)

Frelinghuysen, Rodney P New Jersey (11)

Gallegly, Elton California (24)

Garrett, Scott New Jersey (5)

Gerlach, Jim Pennsylvania (6)

Gibbons, Jim Nevada (2)

Gilchrest, Wayne T Maryland (1)

Gillmor, Paul E Ohio (5)

Gingrey, Phil Georgia (11)

Gohmert, Louie Texas (1)

Gonzalez, Charles A Texas (20)

Goode, Virgil H., Jr Virginia (5)

Goodlatte, Bob Virginia (6)

Gordon, Bart Tennessee (6)

Granger, Kay Texas (12)

Graves, Sam Missouri (6)

Green, Al Texas (9)

Green, Gene Texas (29)

Green, Mark Wisconsin (8)

Grijalva, Raul M Arizona (7)

Gutierrez, Luis V Illinois (4)

Gutknecht, Gil Minnesota (1)

Hall, Ralph M Texas (4)

Harman, Jane California (36)

Harris, Katherine Florida (13)

Hart, Melissa A Pennsylvania (4)

Hastert, J. Dennis Illinois (14)

Hastings, Alcee L Florida (23)

Hastings, Doc Washington (4)

Hayes, Robin North Carolina (8)

Hayworth, J.D Arizona (5)

Hefley, Joel Colorado (5)

Hensarling, Jeb Texas (5)

Herger, Wally California (2)

Herseth, Steplianie South Dakota (At Large)

Higgins, Brian New York (27)

Hinchey, Maurice D New York (22)

Hinojosa, Ruben Texas (15)

Hobson, David L Ohio (7)

Hoekstra, Peter Michigan (2)

Holden, Tim Pennsylvania (17)

Holt, Rush D New Jersey (12)

Honda, Michael M California (15)

Hooley, Darlene Oregon (5)

Hostettler, John N Indiana (8)

Hoyer, Steny H Maryland (5)

Hulshof, Kenny C Missouri (9)

1517
1239

503
2252
1237
2442
2427
1318

308

100
2245
1203

119

508

327
1520
2240
2304

440
1513
1529
2335
1314
1440
2367

425
2405
2400

116
1024

235
2353
1323

130
2434
2372

132
2268

331

431
2431
2463
2346
2234
2417
1019
1713
2430
1214
1705

412

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Representatives — Continued

Name

State (District)

Room

Hunter, Duncan California (52)

Hyde, Henry J Illinois (6)

Inglis, Bob South Carolina (4)

Inslee, Jay Washington (1)

Israel, Steve New York (2)

Issa, Darrell E California (49)

Istook, Ernest J., Jr Oklahoma (5)

Jackson, Jesse L., Jr Illinois (2)

Jackson-Lee, Sheila Texas (18)

Jefferson, William J Louisiana (2)

Jenkins, William L Tennessee (1)

Jindal, Bobby Louisiana (1)

Johnson, Eddie Bernice Texas (30)

Johnson, Nancy L Connecticut (5)

Johnson, Sam Texas (3)

Johnson, Timothy V Illinois (15)

Jones, Stephanie Tubbs Ohio (11)

Jones, Walter B North Carolina (3)

KanjorskI, Paul E Pennsylvania (11)

Kaptur, Marcy Ohio (9)

Keller, Ric Florida (8)

Kelly, Sue W New York (19)

Kennedy, Mark R Minnesota (6)

Kennedy, Patrick J Rhode Island (1) ..

Klidee, Dale E Michigan (5)

Kilpatrick, Carolyn C Michigan (13)

Kind, Ron Wisconsin (3)

King, Peter T New York (3)

King, Steve Iowa (5)

Kingston, Jack Georgia (1)

Kirk, Mark Steven Illinois (10)

Kline, John Minnesota (2)

Knollenberg, Joe Michigan (9)

Kolbe, Jim Arizona (8)

Kucinich, Dennis J Ohio (10)

Kuhl, John R. (Randy), Jr New York (29)

LaHood, Ray Illinois (18)

Langevin, James R Rhode Island (2) ..

Lantos, Tom California (12)

Larsen, Rick Washington (2)

Larson, John B Connecticut (1)

Latham, Tom Iowa (4)

LaTourette, Steven C Ohio (14)

Leach, James A Iowa (2)

Lee, Barbara California (9)

Levin, Sander M Michigan (12)

Lewis, Jerry California (41)

Lewis, John Georgia (5)

Lewis, Ron Kentucky (2)

Linder, John Georgia (7)

LipinskI, Daniel Illinois (3)

2265
2110

330

403

432

211
2404
2419
2435
2113
1207
1205
1511
2409
1211
1229
1009

422
2188
2366

419
2182
1415

407
2107
1610
1406

436
1432
2242
1717
1429
2349

237
1730
1505
1424

109
2413

107
1005
2447
2453
2186
1724
2300
2112

343
2418
1026
1217

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Representatives — Continued

Name

State (District)

Room

LoBiondo, Frank A New Jersey (2)

Lofgren, Zoe California (16)

Lowey, Nita M New York (18)

Lucas, Frank D Oklahoma (3)

Lungren, Daniel E California (3)

Lynch, Stephen F Massachusetts (9) ..

McCarthy, Carolyn New York (4)

McCaul, Michael T Texas (10)

McCollum, Betty Minnesota (4)

McCotter, Thaddeus G Michigan (11)

McCrery, Jim Louisiana (4)

McDermott, Jim Washington (7)

McGovern, James P Massachusetts (3) ..

McHenry, Patrick T North Carolina (10)

McHugh, John M New York (23)

Mclntyre, Mike North Carolina (7) ..

McKeon, Howard P. (Buck) California (25)

McKinney, Cynthia Georgia (4)

McMorris, Cathy Washington (5)

McNuity, Michael R New York (21)

Mack, Connie Florida (14)

Maloney, Carolyn B New York (14)

Manzullo, Donald A Illinois (16)

Marchant, Kenny Texas (24)

Markey, Edward J Massachusetts (7) ..

Marshall, Jim Georgia (3)

Matheson, Jim Utah (2)

Matsui, Doris O California (5)

Meehan, Martin T Massachusetts (5) ..

Meek, Kendrick B Florida (17)

Meeks, Gregory W New York (6)

Melancon, Charlie Louisiana (3)

Menendez, Robert New Jersey (13)

Mica, John L Florida (7)

Michaud, Michael H Maine (2)

Millender-McDonald, Juanita California (37)

Miller, Brad North Carolina (13)

Miller, Candice S Michigan (10)

Miller, Gary G California (42)

Miller, George California (7)

Miller, Jeff Florida (1)

Mollohan, Alan B West Virginia (1) ....

Moore, Dennis Kansas (3)

Moore, Gwen Wisconsin (4)

Moran, James P Virginia (8)

Moran, Jerry Kansas (1)

Murphy, Tim Pennsylvania (18) ..

Murtha, John P Pennsylvania (12) ..

Musgrave, Marilyn N Colorado (4)

Myrick, Sue Wilkins North Carolina (9) ..

Nadler, Jerrold New York (8)

225

102
2329
2342
2448

319

106

415
1029
1632
2104
1035

430

224
2333
2437
2351

320
1708
2210

317
2331
2228

501
2108

515
1222
2310
2229
1039
1710

404
2238
2313

437
2445
1722

228
1037
2205

324
2302
1727
1408
2239
2443

322
2423
1507

230
2334

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Representatives — Continued

Name

State (District)

Room

Napolitano, Grace F California (38)

Neal, Richard E Massachusetts (2)

Neugebauer, Randy Texas (19)

Ney, Robert W Ohio (18)

Northup, Anne M Kentucky (3)

Norwood, Charlie Georgia (9)

Nunes, Devin California (21)

Nussle, Jim Iowa (1)

Oberstar, James L Minnesota (8)

Obey, David R Wisconsin (7)

Oiver, John W Massachusetts (1)

Ortiz, Solomon P Texas (27)

Osborne, Tom Nebraska (3)

Otter, C.L. (Butch) Idaho (1)

Owens, Major R New York (11)

OxIey, Michael G Ohio (4)

Pallone, Franl<, Jr New Jersey (6)

Pascrell, Bill, Jr New Jersey (8)

Pastor, Ed Arizona (4)

Paul, Ron Texas (14)

Payne, Donald M New Jersey (10)

Pearce, Stevan New Mexico (2)

Pelosi, Nancy California (8)

Pence, Mike Indiana (6)

Peterson, Coilin C Minnesota (7)

Peterson, John E Pennsylvania (5)

Petri, Thomas E Wisconsin (6)

Pickering, Charles W. (Chip) Mississippi (3)

Pitts, Joseph R Pennsylvania (16)

Platts, Todd Russell Pennsylvania (19)

Poe, Ted Texas (2)

Pombo, Richard W California (11)

Pomeroy, Earl North Dakota (At Large)

Porter, Jon C Nevada (3)

(Vacancy) Ohio (2)

Price, David E North Carolina (4)

Price, Tom Georgia (6)

Pryce, Deborah Ohio (15)

Putnam, Adam H Florida (12)

Radanovich, George California (19)

Rahall, Nick J., li West Virginia (3)

Ramstad, Jim Minnesota (3)

Rangei, Charles B New York (15)

Regula, Ralph Ohio (16)

Rehberg, Dennis R Montana (At Large)

Reichert, David G Washington (8)

Renzi, Rick Arizona (1)

Reyes, Silvestre Texas (16)

Reynolds, Thomas M New York (26)

Rogers, Harold Kentucky (5)

Rogers, Mike Michigan (8)

1609
2266

429
2438
2459
2452
1017

303
2365
2314
1111
2470

507
1711
2309
2308

420
2464
2465

203
2209
1607
2371

426
2159

123
2462

229

221
1032
1605
2411
1501

218

238
2162

506

204
1213

438
2307

103
2354
2306

516
1223

418
2433

332
2406

133

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Representatives — Continued

Name

State (District)

Room

Rogers, Mike Alabama (3)

Rohrabacher, Dana California (46)

Ros-Lehtinen, lleana Florida (18)

Ross, Mike Arkansas (4)

Rothman, Steven R New Jersey (9)

Roybal-Allard, Lucille California (34)

Royce, Edward R California (40)

Ruppersberger, C.A. Dutch Maryland (2)

Rush, Bobby L Illinois (1)

Ryan, Paul Wisconsin (1)

Ryan, Tim Ohio (17)

Ryun, Jim Kansas (2)

Sabo, Martin Olav Minnesota (5)

Salazar, John T Colorado (3)

Sanchez, Linda T California (39)

Sanchez, Loretta California (47)

Sanders, Bernard Vermont (At Large)

Saxton, Jim New Jersey (3)

Schakowsky, Janice D Illinois (9)

Schlff, Adam B California (29)

Schwartz, Allyson Y Pennsylvania (13) ..

Schwarz, John J.H. (Joe) Michigan (7)

Scott, David Georgia (13)

Scott, Robert C Virginia (3)

Sensenbrenner, F. James, Jr Wisconsin (5)

Serrano, Jose E New York (16)

Sessions, Pete Texas (32)

Shadegg, John B Arizona (3)

Shaw, E. Clay, Jr Florida (22)

Shays, Christopher Connecticut (4)

Sherman, Brad California (27)

Sherwood, Don Pennsylvania (10) ..

Shimkus, John Illinois (19)

Shuster, Bill Pennsylvania (9) ...

Simmons, Rob Connecticut (2)

Simpson, Michael K Idaho (2)

Skelton, Ike Missouri (4)

Slaughter, Louise Mcintosh New York (28)

Smith, Adam Washington (9)

Smith, Christopher H New Jersey (4)

Smith, Lamar S Texas (21)

Snyder, Vic Arkansas (2)

Sodrel, Michael E Indiana (9)

Soils, Hilda L California (32)

Souder, Mark E Indiana (3)

Spratt, John M., Jr South Carolina (5) ..

Stark, Fortney Pete California (13)

Stearns, Cliff Florida (6)

Strickland, Ted Ohio (6)

Stupak, Bart Michigan (1)

Sullivan, John Oklahoma (1)

514
2338
2160

314
2303
2330
2202
1630
2416
1113

222
1110
2336
1531
1007
1230
2233
2217
1027

326

423

128

417
1201
2449
2227
1514

306
1236
1126
1030
1131

513
1108

215
1339
2206
2469

227
2373
2184
1330
1508
1725
2231
1401

239
2370

336
2352

114

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Representatives — Continued

Name

State (District)

Room

Sweeney, John E New York (20)

Tancredo, Thomas G Colorado (6)

Tanner, John S Tennessee (8)

Tauscher, Ellen O California (10)

Taylor, Charles H North Carolina (11)

Taylor, Gene Mississippi (4)

Terry, Lee Nebraska (2)

Thomas, William M California (22)

Thompson, Bennie G Mississippi (2)

Thompson, Mike California (1)

Thornberry, Mac Texas (13)

Tiahrt, Todd Kansas (4)

Tiberi, Patrick J Ohio (12)

Tierney, John F Massachusetts (6) ..

Towns, Edolphus New York (10)

Turner, Michael R Ohio (3)

Udall, Mark Colorado (2)

Udall, Tom New Mexico (3)

Upton, Fred Michigan (6)

Van Hollen, Chris Maryland (8)

Velazquez, Nydia M New York (12)

Visclosky, Peter J Indiana (1)

Walden, Greg Oregon (2)

Walsh, James T New York (25)

Wamp, Zach Tennessee (3)

Wasserman, Debbie Schultz Florida (20)

Waters, Maxine California (35)

Watson, Diane E California (33)

Watt, Melvin L North Carolina (12)

Waxman, Henry A California (30)

Weiner, Anthony D New York (9)

Weldon, Curt Pennsylvania (7) ....

Weldon, Dave Florida (15)

Weller, Jerry Illinois (11)

Westmoreland, Lynn A Georgia (8)

Wexler, Robert Florida (19)

Whitfield, Ed Kentucky (1)

Wicker, Roger F Mississippi (1)

Wilson, Heather New Mexico (1)

Wilson, Joe South Carolina (2) ..

Wolf, Frank R Virginia (10)

Woolsey, Lynn C California (6)

Wu, David Oregon (1)

Wynn, Albert Russell Maryland (4)

Young, C.W. Bill Florida (10)

Young, Don Alaska (At Large) ...

Delegates

BORDALLO, Madeleine Z Guam

Christensen, Donna M Virgin Islands

Faleomavaega, Eni F.H American Samoa ...

Norton, Eleanor Holmes District of Columbia

416
1130
1226
1034

339
2311
1524
2208
2432

231
2457
2441

113

120
2232
1740

240
1414
2183
1419
2241
2256
1210
2369
1436

118
2344

125
2236
2204
1122
2466
2347

108
1118

213

301
2455

318

212

241
2263
1023

434
2407
2111

427
1510
2422
2136

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Representatives — Continued

Name

State (District)

Room

Resident Commissioner

FORTUNO, Luis G Puerto Rico

126

For further information concerning thie United States Senate, contact the Secretary of thie Senate, The
Capitol, Washington, DC 20510. Phone, 202-224-2115. Internet, www.senate.gov. For further information
concerning the House of Representatives, contact the Clerk, The Capitol, Washington, DC 20515. Phone,
202-225-7000. Internet, http://clerk.house.gov.

ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL

U.S. Capitol Building, Washington, DC 20515
Phone, 202-228-1 793. Internet, www.aoc.gov.

Architect of the Capitol

Special Assistant to the Architect of the Capitol

Director, Architecture Division

Director, Construction Management Division

Director of Engineering

Director of Facilities Planning and
Programming

Assistant Director of Engineering
Chief of Staff
Deputy Chief of Staff

Director, Human Resources Management
Division

Director, Equal Employment Opportunity

Director, Information Resources
Management

Curator

Communications Officer

Congressional Liaisons

Head, Procurement Division
Inspector General

Director of Safety, Fire, and Environmental
Programs

Director, Safety and Environmental Division

Safety Officer
Chief Financial Officer

Budget Officer

Accounting Officer

Director, Financial Management Systems
Division
General Counsel
Chief Operating Officer

Alan M. Hantman
Michael C. Turnbull
Bruce Arthur
Gary Vawter
Scott Birkhead
Terrell Emmons

William Weidemeyer
Amita N. Poole
Hector E. Suarez
Rebecca Tiscione

Patricia Brown
Stan Kirk

Barbara Wolanin

Eva Malecki

Bryan H. Roth, Erin Yeatman

Cynthia Bennett

Arthur L. McIntye

Susan Adams

Larry Denicola
Charles Bowman
Gary Clovinsky
Marilyn Wiles
Timothy Macdonald
Russ Follin

Peter Kushner
(vacancy)

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Representatives — Continued

Name

State (District)

Room

Resident Commissioner

FORTUNO, Luis G Puerto Rico

126

ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL

U.S. Capitol Building, Washington, DC 20515
Phone, 202-228-1 793. Internet, www.aoc.gov.

Architect of the Capitol

Special Assistant to the Architect of the Capitol

Director, Architecture Division

Director, Construction Management Division

Director of Engineering

Director of Facilities Planning and
Programming

Assistant Director of Engineering
Chief of Staff
Deputy Chief of Staff

Director, Human Resources Management
Division

Director, Equal Employment Opportunity

Director, Information Resources
Management

Curator

Communications Officer

Congressional Liaisons

Head, Procurement Division
Inspector General

Director of Safety, Fire, and Environmental
Programs

Director, Safety and Environmental Division

Safety Officer
Chief Financial Officer

Budget Officer

Accounting Officer

Director, Financial Management Systems
Division
General Counsel
Chief Operating Officer

Alan M. Hantman
Michael C. Turnbull
Bruce Arthur
Gary Vawter
Scott Birkhead
Terrell Emmons

William Weidemeyer
Amita N. Poole
Hector E. Suarez
Rebecca Tiscione

Patricia Brown
Stan Kirk

Barbara Wolanin

Eva Malecki

Bryan H. Roth, Erin Yeatman

Cynthia Bennett

Arthur L. McIntye

Susan Adams

Larry Denicola
Charles Bowman
Gary Clovinsky
Marilyn Wiles
Timothy Macdonald
Russ Follin

Peter Kushner
(vacancy)

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Director, Labor Relations and Collective

Bargaining
Senior Landscape Architect
Superintendent, House Office Buildings
Superintendent, Senate Office Buildings
Supervising Engineer, Library of Congress
Supervising Engineer of the U.S. Capitol
Superintendent, Capitol Grounds

Margaret Cox

Matthew Evans
Frank Tiscione
Lawrence R. Stoffel
Stephen Ayers
Carlos Elias
Glenn Marshall

The Architect of the Capitol is responsible for the care and maintenance of the U.S.
Capitol and nearby buildings and grounds and for implementing construction,
renovation, conservation, and landscape improvement projects as authorized by the
Congress.

The Architect of the Capitol is charged
with operating and maintaining the
buildings of the Capitol complex
committed to his care by Congress.
Permanent authority for the care and
maintenance of the Capitol was
established by the act of August 1 5,
1876 (40 U.S.C. 162, 163). The
Architect's duties include the mechanical
and structural maintenance of the
Capitol, the conservation and care of
works of art in the building under the
Architect's jurisdiction, the upkeep and
improvement of the Capitol grounds, and
the arrangement of inaugural and other
ceremonies held in the building or on
the grounds.

In addition to the Capitol, the
Architect is responsible for the upkeep of
all of the congressional office buildings,
the Library of Congress buildings, the
U.S. Supreme Court building, the
Thurgood Marshall Federal Judiciary
Building, the Capitol Power Plant, the
Capitol Police headquarters, and the
Robert A. Taft Memorial. The Architect
performs his duties in connection with
the Senate side of the Capitol, the Senate
office buildings, and the operation of the
Senate restaurants subject to the
approval of the Senate Committee on
Rules and Administration. In matters of
general policy in connection with the
House office buildings and the Capitol
Power Plant, his activities are subject to
the approval and direction of the House
Office Building Commission. The
Architect is under the direction of the
Speaker in matters concerning the House
side of the Capitol. He is subject to the
oversight of the Committee on House

Administration with respect to many
administrative matters affecting
operations on the House side of the
Capitol complex. In addition, the
Architect of the Capitol serves as the
Acting Director of the U.S. Botanic
Garden under the Joint Committee on
the Library.

The position of Architect of the
Capitol was historically filled by
Presidential appointment for an
indefinite term. Legislation enacted in
1989 provides that the Architect is to be
appointed for a term of 1 0 years by the
President, with the advice and consent
of the Senate, from a list of three
candidates recommended by a
congressional commission. Upon
confirmation by the Senate, the Architect
becomes an official of the legislative
branch as an officer and agent of
Congress; he is eligible for
reappointment after completion of his
term. The present Architect, Alan M.
Hantman, is the 10th to hold this
position since the office was established
in 1 793 and the first to be appointed in
accordance with the new procedure.

Recent and ongoing projects carried
out by the Architect of the Capitol
include construction of the Capitol
Visitor Center; the restoration of the U.S.
Botanic Garden Conservatory;
rehabilitation of the Capitol dome;
conservation of murals and decorative
paintings in the Capitol; repair of the
Capitol terraces; replacement of worn
Minton tile in the Senate corridors of the
Capitol; conservation of the Statue of
Freedom atop the Capitol dome;
completion of the murals in the first-floor

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

House corridors; improvement of
speech-reinforcement, electrical, and
fire-protection systems in the Capitol and
congressional office buildings;
publication of a history of the Capitol;
work on security improvements within
the Capitol complex; renovation,
restoration, and modification of the

interiors and exteriors of the Thomas
Jefferson and John Adams Buildings of
the Library of Congress and provision of
off-site book storage facilities for the
Library; and management oversight of
the Thurgood Marshall Federal Judiciary
Building.

For further information, contact the Office of the Architect of the Capitol, U.S. Capitol Building,
Washington, DC 20515. Phone, 202-228-1793. Internet, www.aoc.gov.

UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN

Office of Executive Director, 245 First Street SW., Wasliington, DC 20024

Plione, 202-226-8333. Internet, www.usbg.gov.

Conservatory, 100 Maryland Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20024

Phone, 202-225-8333

Production Facility, 4700 Shepherd Parkway SW., Washington, DC 20032

Phone, 202-225-8333

Director (Architect of the Capitol)
Executive Director

Alan M. Hantman, Acting
Holly H. Shimizu

The United States Botanic Garden informs visitors about the aesthetic, cultural,
economic, therapeutic, and ecological importance of plants to the well-being of
humankind.

The U.S. Botanic Garden has artistic
displays of plants, exhibits, and
educational programs promoting
botanical knowledge through the
cultivation of an ordered collection of
plants; fostering plant conservation by
acting as a repository for endangered
species; and growing plants for the
beautification of the Capitol complex.
Uniquely situated at the heart of the U.S.
Government, the Garden seeks to
promote the exchange of ideas and
information relevant to its mission
among national and international visitors
and policymakers.

The Garden's collections include
orchids, epiphytes, bromeliads,
carnivorous plants, ferns, cycads, cacti,
succulents, medicinal plants, rare and
endangered plants, and plants valued as
sources of food, beverages, fibers,
cosmetics, and industrial products.

The U.S. Botanic Garden's facilities
include the Conservatory, Bartholdi Park,

an administration building, and an off-
site production facility. The
Conservatory, one of the largest
structures of its kind in this country, re-
opened on December 11, 2001, after
undergoing major renovation that
required more than 4 years to complete.
In addition to upgraded amenities for
visitors, it features 12 exhibit and plant
display areas. A new facility, the
National Garden, is currently under
construction on a three-acre site just
west of the Conservatory.

Outdoor plantings are showcased in
Bartholdi Park, a home landscape
demonstration area located across from
the Conservatory. Each of the displays is
sized and scaled for suitability in an
urban or suburban setting. The gardens
display ornamental plants that perform
well in this region arrayed in a variety of
styles and themes. Also located in this
park is Bartholdi Fountain, created by

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

For further information, contact the Office of the Architect of the Capitol, U.S. Capitol Building,
Washington, DC 20515. Phone, 202-228-1793. Internet, www.aoc.gov.

UNITED STATES BOTANIC GARDEN

Office of Executive Director, 245 First Street SW., Wasliington, DC 20024

Plione, 202-226-8333. Internet, www.usbg.gov.

Conservatory, 100 Maryland Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20024

Phone, 202-225-8333

Production Facility, 4700 Shepherd Parkway SW., Washington, DC 20032

Phone, 202-225-8333

Director (Architect of the Capitol)
Executive Director

Alan M. Hantman, Acting
Holly H. Shimizu

The United States Botanic Garden informs visitors about the aesthetic, cultural,
economic, therapeutic, and ecological importance of plants to the well-being of
humankind.

The U.S. Botanic Garden's facilities
include the Conservatory, Bartholdi Park,

46 U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Frederic Auguste Bartholdi (1834-1904),
sculptor of the Statue of Liberty.

The Garden's staff is organized into
horticulture, operations, administration,
and public programs divisions. Programs
for the public are listed in a quarterly
calendar of events and also on the
Garden's Web site. A horticultural
hotline is available to answer questions
from the public.

The U.S. Botanic Garden was founded
in 1 820 under the auspices of the
Columbian Institute for the Promotion of
Arts and Sciences, an organization that
was the outgrowth of an association
known as the Metropolitan Society,
which received its charter from Congress
on April 20, 1818. The Garden
continued under the direction of the
Institute until 1837, when the Institute
ceased to exist as an active organization.

In June 1842, the U.S. Exploring
Expedition under the command of
Captain Charles Wilkes returned from its
4-year voyage with a wealth of
information, artifacts, pressed-plant
specimens, and living plants from
around the world. The living plants were
temporarily placed on exhibit on a lot
behind the old Patent Office under the
care of William D. Brackenridge, the
Expedition's botanist. By November

1842, the plants were moved into a
greenhouse built there with funds
appropriated by Congress. Subsequently,
the greenhouse was expanded with two
additions and a small growing area to
care for the burgeoning collection. In

1843, stewardship of the collection was
placed under the direction and control
of the Joint Committee on the Library,
which had also assumed responsibility

for publication of the results of the
Expedition. Expansion of the Patent
Office in 1849 necessitated finding a
new location for the botanical
collections.

The act of May 15, 1850 (9 Stat. 427),
provided for the relocation of the
Botanic Garden under the direction of
the joint Committee on the Library. The
site selected was on the National Mall at
the west end of the Capitol Grounds,
practically the same site the Garden
occupied during the period it functioned
under the Columbian Institute. This site
was later enlarged, and the main area
continued to serve as the principal
Garden site from 1850 to 1933, when
the Garden was relocated to its present
site.

Although the Government had
assumed responsibility for the
maintenance and stewardship of the
plant collection in 1842, the two
functions were divided between the
Commissioner of Public Buildings and
the joint Committee on the Library,
respectively. In 1856, in recognition of
their increasing stature, the collections
and their associated operations and
facilities were officially named the
United States Botanic Garden, and the
joint Committee on the Library assumed
jurisdiction over both its direction and
maintenance (11 Stat. 104). An annual
appropriation has been provided by
Congress since 1855.

Presently, the joint Committee on the
Library exercises its supervision through
the Architect of the Capitol, who has
held the title of Acting Director since
1934.

For further information concerning the United States Botanic Garden, contact the Public Programs
Division, 245 First Street SW., Washington, DC 20024. Phone, 202-225-8333. Plant Hotline, 202-226-
4785. Internet, www.usbg.gov. E-mail, usbg@aoc.gov.

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE

441 G Street NW., Washington, DC 20548
Phone, 202-512-3000. Internet, www.gao.gov.

Comptroller General of the United States

David M. Walker

46 U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Frederic Auguste Bartholdi (1834-1904),
sculptor of the Statue of Liberty.

1843, stewardship of the collection was
placed under the direction and control
of the Joint Committee on the Library,
which had also assumed responsibility

for publication of the results of the
Expedition. Expansion of the Patent
Office in 1849 necessitated finding a
new location for the botanical
collections.

Presently, the joint Committee on the
Library exercises its supervision through
the Architect of the Capitol, who has
held the title of Acting Director since
1934.

GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE

441 G Street NW., Washington, DC 20548
Phone, 202-512-3000. Internet, www.gao.gov.

Comptroller General of the United States

David M. Walker

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Chief Operating Officer
Chief Administrative Officer
General Counsel

Managing Director, Office of Special
Investigations

Teams:
Managing Director, Acquisition and

Sourcing Management
Managing Director, Applied Research and
Methods
Director

Chief Accountant
Chief Economist
Chief Statistician
Chief Technologist
Senior Actuary
Managing Director, Defense Capabilities and

Management
Managing Director, Education, Workforce,

and Income Security
Managing Director, Financial Management

and Assurance
Managing Director, Financial Markets and

Community Investments
Managing Director, Health Care
Managing Director, International Affairs and

Trade
Managing Director, Information Technology
Managing Director, Natural Resources and

Environment
Managing Director, Physical Infrastructure
Managing Director, Strategic Issues

Managing Director, Federal Budget and
Intergovernmental Relations
Managing Director, Homeland Security and
Justice/National Preparedness

Support Functions:

Managing Director, Congressional Relations
Managing Director, Strategic Planning and

External Liaison
Managing Director, Field Offices
Inspector General
Mission Support Offices:

Deputy Chief Administrative Officer
Chief Information Officer
Controller/Administrative Services Office
Human Capital Officer
Managing Director, Knowledge Services
Managing Director, Professional
Development Program
Managing Director, Opportunity and

Inclusiveness
Chair, Personnel Appeals Board
Managing Director, Public Affairs

Gene L. Dodaro
Sallyanne Harper
Tony Gamboa
Robert Cramer

Katherine Schinasi

Nancy Kingsbury

Barry Seltser
Robert Dacey
Scott Farrow
Robert Parker
Keith Rhodes
Joseph Applebaum
Butch Hinton

Cindy Facnoni

Jeff Steinhoff

Tom McCool

Marjorie Kanoff
Jacquelyn Williams-Bridgers

Joel Willemssen
Bob Robinson

Pat Dalton
Chris Mihn
Paul Posner

Norm Rabkin

Gloria Jarmon
Helen Hsing

John Anderson
Frances Garcia

Anthony Cicco
Anthony Cicco
Stanley J. Czerwinski
Jesse Hoskins
Catherine Teti
Mark Cebicke

Ron Stroman

Anne Wagner
Paul Anderson

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Managing Director, Quality and Continuous
Improvement

Tim Bowling

The Government Accountability Office is the investigative arm of the Congress and
is charged w/f/i examining all matters relating to the receipt and disbursement of
public funds.

The Government Accountability Office
(CAO) is an independent, nonpartisan
Agency that works for Congress. CAO is
often called the "congressional
watchdog" because it investigates how
the Federal Government spends taxpayer
dollars. The GAO was established as the
General Accounting Office by the
Budget Accounting Act of 1921 (31
U.S.C. 702). It was renamed the
Government Accountability Office
pursuant to the GAO Capital Reform Act
of 2004 (31 U.S.C. 702 note; 118 Stat.
881).

Activities

GAO gathers information to help
Congress determine how effectively
executive branch agencies are doing
their jobs. GAO's work routinely
answers such basic questions as whether
Government programs are meeting their
objectives or providing good service to
the public. Ultimately, GAO ensures that
Government is accountable to the
American people. To that end, GAO
provides Senators and Representatives
with the best information available to
help them arrive at informed policy
decisions — information that is accurate.

timely, and balanced. GAO supports
congressional oversight by:

— evaluating how well Government
policies and programs are working;

— auditing Agency operations to
determine whether Federal funds are
being spent efficiently, effectively, and
appropriately;

— investigating allegation of illegal and
improper activities; and

— issuing legal decisions and opinions.

With virtually the entire Federal
Government subject to its review, GAO
issues a steady stream of products — more
than 1,000 reports and hundreds of
testimonies by GAO officials each year.
GAO's familiar "blue book" reports
meet short-term immediate needs for
information on a wide range of
Government operations. These reports
also help Congress better understand
issues that are newly emerging, long
term in nature, and with more far-
reaching impacts. GAO's work translates
into a wide variety of legislative actions,
improvements in Government
operations, and billions of dollars in
financial benefits for the American
people.

For further information, contact the Office of Public Affairs, Government Accountability Office, 441 G
Street NW., Washington, DC 20548. Phone, 202-512-4800. Internet, www.gao.gov.

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

732 North Capitol Street NW., Washington, DC 20401
Phone, 202-512-0000. Internet, www.gpo.gov.

Office of the Public Printer:
Public Printer
Deputy Public Printer
Chief of Staff

Deputy Chief of Staff
Inspector General

Bruce R. James
William H. Turri
Robert C. Tapella
Maria Robinson
Gregory A. Brower

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Managing Director, Quality and Continuous
Improvement

Tim Bowling

The Government Accountability Office is the investigative arm of the Congress and
is charged w/f/i examining all matters relating to the receipt and disbursement of
public funds.

Activities

timely, and balanced. GAO supports
congressional oversight by:

— evaluating how well Government
policies and programs are working;

— auditing Agency operations to
determine whether Federal funds are
being spent efficiently, effectively, and
appropriately;

— investigating allegation of illegal and
improper activities; and

— issuing legal decisions and opinions.

For further information, contact the Office of Public Affairs, Government Accountability Office, 441 G
Street NW., Washington, DC 20548. Phone, 202-512-4800. Internet, www.gao.gov.

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

732 North Capitol Street NW., Washington, DC 20401
Phone, 202-512-0000. Internet, www.gpo.gov.

Office of the Public Printer:
Public Printer
Deputy Public Printer
Chief of Staff

Deputy Chief of Staff
Inspector General

Bruce R. James
William H. Turri
Robert C. Tapella
Maria Robinson
Gregory A. Brower

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

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U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

Director, Office of Equal Employment

Opportunity
General Counsel

Deputy General Counsel
Co-Director, Innovation and New Technology
Chief Technical Officer and Co-Director,

Innovation and New Technology
Director, Congressional Relations
Director, Public Relations
Director, New Business Development
Customer Services:
Managing Director

Superintendent, Congressional Publishing

Services
Superintendent, Departmental Account

Representative Division
Superintendent, Typography and Design

Division
Director, Institute for Federal Printing and

Electronic Publishing
Superintendent, Contract Management

Division
Superintendent, Purchase Division
Assistant Directors, Regional Operations
Superintendent, Term Contracts Division
Plant Operations:
Managing Director

Manager, Production Department
Assistant Production Manager
Assistant to the Production Manager
Superintendent, Binding Division
Superintendent, Electronic

Photocomposition Division
Superintendent, Press Division
Superintendent, Production Planning

Division
Director, Engineering Service
Director, Materials Management Service
Manager, Quality Control and Technical
Department
Office of Information Dissemination:
Superintendent of Documents

Deputy Superintendent of Documents
Director, Program Development Service
Director, Collections Management Service
Director, Library Services and Customer

Relations
Director, Program Planning and
Coordination
Information Technology and Systems:
Chief Information Officer

Deputy Chief Information Officer
Manager, Electronic Systems Development
Division

Nadine L. Elzy

Anthony J. Zacami
Drew Spalding
Scott A. Stovall
Michael Wash

Andrew M. Sherman
Veronica Meter
Charles C. Cook, Sr.

James C. Bradley
Jerry Hammond

Spurceon F. Johnson, Jr.

Janice Sterling

Carol F. Cini

Larry Vines, Acting

Emery A. Dilda

Julie Hasenfus, Kirk Knoll

Raymond T. Sullivan

Robert E. Schwenk
Jeffrey J. Bernazzoli
William C Krakat
David N. Boddie
John W. Crawford
Dannie E. Young

George M. Domarasky
Philip J. Markett, Jr.

Dennis J. Carey, Acting

(vacancy)

Sylvia S.Y. Subt

Judith C. Russell
Thomas C Evans III
Richard G. Davis
(vacancy)
Kevin O'Toole

(VACANCY)

Reynold Schweickhardt
Bruce C. O'Dell
Richard G. Leeds, Jr.

LEGISLATIVE BRANCH

Manager, Graphic Systems Development

Division
Director, Plans/Policies/Program Support
Human Capital:
Human Capital Officer

Deputy Chief Human Capital Officer
Director, Office of Labor and Employee

Relations
Director, Workforce Development Education

and Training
Director, Occupational Health and
Environmental Services
Finance and Administration:
Chief Financial Officer
Comptroller
Director, Office of Budget

Joel E. Reeves
Melvin C. Eley

William T. Harris, Acting
William T. Harris
Neil H. Fine

Steven L. Patrick

(VACANCY)

Steven T. Shedd
William L. Boesch, Jr.
William M. Guy

The mission of tlie Government Printing Office is to inform the Nation by producing,
procuring, and disseminating printed and electronic publications of the Congress as
well as the executive departments and establishments of the Federal Government.

The Government Printing Office (CPO)
opened for business on March 4, J 851.
GPO's duties are defined in title 44 of
the U.S. Code. The Public Printer, who
serves as the head of GPO, is appointed
by the President and confirmed by the
Senate.

Activities

Headquartered in Washington, DC, with
a total employment of approximately
2,500, GPO is responsible for the
production and distribution of
information products and services for all
three branches of the Federal
Government. GPO is the Federal
Government's primary centralized
resource for gathering, cataloging,
producing, providing, authenticating,
and preserving published information in
all its forms. GPO's 1 .5 million square-
foot complex is the largest information
processing, printing, and distribution
facility in the world.

While many of our Nation's most
important products, such as the
Congressional Record and Federal
Register, are produced at GPO's main
plant, the majority of the Government's
printing needs are met through a long-
standing partnership with America's
printing industry. GPO procures between
500 and 1,000 print-related projects a

day through private sector vendors
across the country, competitively buying
products and services from thousands of
private sector companies in all 50 States.
The contracts cover the entire spectrum
of printing and publishing services and
are available to fit almost any firm from
the largest to the smallest.

GPO disseminates Federal Information
products through a sales program,
distribution network of more than 1,250
Federal libraries nationwide, and via
GPO Access. More than 285,000 Federal
Government document titles are
available to the public at
www.gpoaccess.gov.

Printed copies of many of those
documents ranging from Supreme Court
opinions to reports from the Bureau of
Labor Statistics may also be purchased
as follows:

— To order in person, please visit the
GPO Main Bookstore at 710 North
Capitol Street NW., Washington, DC,
(corner of North Capitol and H Streets)
from 8 a.m. to 4:40 p.m. e.s.t.

— To order online, visit the GPO
Online Bookstore at http://
bookstore.gpo.gov.

— To order by phone or inquire about
an order, call 855-512-1800 or, in the
Washington, DC, metro area, call 202-
512-1800 from 7 a.m. to 9 p.m. e.s.t.

U.S. GOVERNMENT MANUAL

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LEGISLATIVE BRANCH 53

— To order by fax, dial 202-512- Sources of Information

Congressional Affairs Congressional
— To order by e-mail, send inquiries to relations matters, phone, 202-512-1991.
contactcenter@gpo.gov. Public Relations Public relations

—To order by mail, write to inquiries, phone, 202-512-1957. Fax,

Information Dissemination 202-512-1293.

,£. ■ ^ ^ ^ c r\ ^ \ n r^ Contracts Commercial printers

(Superintendent of Documents), P.O. . i . ^ '^ . .

D o^inc/i D-,t u u DAic-icn interested m Government printing

Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250- ,. , , .,.. u r i i- °

° contract opportunities should direct

7954

inquiries to Customer Services,

All orders require prepayment by Government Printing Office,

VISA, MasterCard, American Express, or Washington, DC 20401. Phone, 202-
Discover/NOVUS credit cards, check, or 512-01 1 1 . Internet, www.gpo.gov/
SOD deposit account. procurement/index. html.

GPO Access User Support Phone,

202-512-1530.

GPO Offices Nationwide

Office Address Telephone

Atlanta, GA Suite 110, 1888 Emery St., 30318-2542 404-505-9160

Charleston, SO 2825 Noisette Blvd., 29405 843-743-2036

Boston, MA 28 Court Square, 02108-2504 617-720-3680

Ctlicago, IL Suite 810, 200 N. LaSalle St., 60601-1055 312-353-3916

Columbus, OH Suite 112-B, 1335 Dublin Rd., 43215-7034 614-188^616

Dallas, TX Rm. 731, 1100 Commerce St., 75242-0395 214-767-0451

New Orleans, LA Rm. 310, 423 Canal St., 70130-2352 504-589-2538

Oklahoma City, OK Suite 100, 3420 D Ave., Tinker AFB, OK 73145-9188 405-610-4146

San Antonio, TX Suite 2, 1531 Gonnally St., Lackland AFB, TX 78236-5514 210-575-1480

Denver, CO Rm. D-1010, BIdg. 53, Denver Federal Center, 80225-0347 303-236-5292

Hampton, VA Suite 400, 11836 Canon Blvd., Newport News, VA 23606-2555 757-873-2800

Los Angeles, CA Suite 110, 12501 E. Imperial Hwy., Norwalk, CA 90650-3136 562-863-1708

San Diego, CA Suite 109, 2221 Camino Del Rio S., 92108-3609 619-197-6050

New York, NY Rm. 709, 201 Varick St., 10014-4879 212-520-3321

Philedelphia, PA Suite A-190, 928 Jaymore Rd., Southampton, PA 18965-3820 215-364-6465

Pittsburgh, PA Rm. 501, 1000 Liberty Ave., 15222-4000 412-395-6929

RAPID RESPONSE CENTER BIdg. 136, Washington Navy Yard, 3d and M Sts. SE., Washington, DC 202-755-2110
20403.

St Louis, IMO Rm. 1-205, 1222 Spruce St., 63103-2822 314-241-0349

San Francisco, CA Suite I, 536 Stone Rd., Benicia, CA 94510-1170 707-748-1970

Seattle, WA 4735 E. Marginal Way S., Federal Center South, 98134-2397 205-764-3726

GPO Bool(store

City Address Telephone

Washington, DC, area:
Central Office 710 N. Capitol St. NW 202-512-0132

For further information, contact Public Relations, Government Printing Office, 732 North Capitol Street
NW., Washington, DC 20401. Phone, 202-512-1957. Fax, 202-512-1293.

LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

101 Independence Avenue SE., Washington, DC 20540
Phone, 202-707-5000. Internet, www.loc.gov.

Librarian of Congress JAMES H. BiLLINGTON

Deputy Librarian of Congress DONALD L. ScOTT

Chief of Staff JoAnn JENKINS