Vklad antropologii i genetiki v resheniie indoariiskoi problemi

BHACTb M OBIHECTBO:
BSAHMOflEMCTBMfl H KOHcWIMKTbl

HiTepnanbi O^toh perMQHajibHoH

napHOft noH$ep8Hipn

r. BopoHeHf, 26 wapia 2011 r.

FocyflapcTBeHHoe o6pa30BaTejibHoe ynpexnemie

BBicuiero npo(J)eccHOHajn.Horo o6pa30BaHna

«BOPOHE)KCKHH rOCy^APCTBEHHBIH yHHBEPCHTET»

HCTOPHHECKHH OAKYJILTET

BJIACTb H OEIIJECTBO:

B3AHMO#EHCTBHJI H KOHcMHKTBI

MaTepnajiti ITaTOH pernoHajiBHOH

HayHHOH KOH(J)epeHLI,HH

r. BopoHe>K, 26 MapTa 201 1 r.

JD BOPOHBK
©_J HGTOKH

2011

y^K 930.1
BEK 63.3
T 55

PesaKUHOHHaa KOJiJiernji:
B. H. rjia3bee (otb. peaaKTop), fl. B. Akumob (otb. ceKpexapt), T. B. TKuopoea

BjiacTb h o6mecTBo: B3aHMoaeftcTBHH h koh^jihktm. Maxepnanbi riaxoH
perHOHajibHOH HaynHOH KOH(j>epeHU,HH (r. BopoHeac, 26 MapTa 20 11 r.) / riofl
o6m. pen. B. H. rjia3beBa. - BopoHeac: H3flaTenbCTBO «Hctokh», 201 1. - 408 c.

ISBN 978-5-88242-854-8

B c6opHHK boihjih MaTepHanw IThtoh perHOHajibHOH HaynHott KOH(j)e-
peHUHH HCTopHKOB h o6mecTBOBeflOB, TeMaTHKa kotopoh BKJDOHaeT npo6jieMbi
CTaHOB^eHHa h B3aHMOOTHOineHHH rocyflapcTBeHHbix h oSmecTBeHHbix hhcth-
TyTOB b oTenecTBeHHoft h BceoGiaeft hctophh. B KOH^epemrHn npHHHiwajra
ynacrae yneHbie m ropoflOB U,eHTpajibHoro ^LepHoseMba: BopoHe>Ka, Jlnnemca,
Eenropofla, KypcKa, TaM6oBa, Ejibua.

OraTbH nenaTaioTCfl b aBTopcicoH peaaicuHH.

JJjisl hctophkob, o6mecTBOBeaoB, Bcex HHTepecyroutHxca aKTyanbHbiMH
npo6jieMaMH hctophh h o6mecTB03Hamifl.

YflK 930.1
BEK 63.3

ISBN 978-5-88242-854-8

© KoJIJieKTHB itBTOpOB, 2011

H3jiaTejitCTBO «Hctokh», 2011

BKJIAfl AHTPOnOJIOrHH H TEHETHKH
B PEIHEHHE HHflOAPHMCKOH IIPOEJIEMbl

A. A. CeMeneHKo
BopoHeacKHH rocyaapcTBeHHtiH yHHBepcHTeT

HHfloapnKcKaa npo6jieMa (nHBa3HOHH3M/HMMHrpau,HOHH3M npoTHB aB-
ToxT0HH3Ma) Sbijia c(j)opMyjiHpoBaHa jiHHrBHCTaMH b to Bpeivia, Koraa ampo-
nonorHH h reHCTHKH eiqe He cymecTBOBano (1). Cemac bbibo^h sthx ahcithii-

JIHH HPHOpHpOBaTt HeB03MO>KHO, H (})HJIOJIOraM H HCTOpHKaM Heo6xOJIHMO npH-
BeCTH CBOH nOCTpoeHH5I B COOTBeTCTBHe C flaHHblMH eCTeCTBeHHEIX HayK.

AHTpononorHHecKoe oScaeAOBawie nejioBeqecKHX cKejieTOB, oSmpy-
>KeHm>ix bo BpeMH apxeojiormecKHx pacKonoK b SacceftHe HHAa, noKa3ajio,
q-ro b 4500 — 800 rr. no h.s. b peraoHe cymecTBOBana SHOJiorHHecx-aa npeeMCT-
BeHHOCTb HaceneHHfl 6e3 omyTHMoro nonyjiauHOHHoro BjmaHHa H3BHe cy6-

KOHTHHeHTa (2). 3TOT BblBOfl npH3HaH JlHflepaMH HHBa3HOHH-

CTOB/HMMHrpaU,HOHHCTOB KaK CpeflH JIHHrBHCTOB (M. BHTUejIb), TaK h cpejjH

apxeojioroB (E.E. Ky3bMHHa) (3).

B paHHHx reHeTHHecKHx HCCJieAOBaHHax b ranjiorpynne Rial Ha6jiiofla-
jiocb CHroKemie pa3Hoo6pa3Ha no HanpaBJieHHio ot HpaHa k Hhahh h sto chh-
TanocL aoKa3aTejibCTBOM ABHweHHa reHeraqecKoro noTOKa b Hhahfo h BHe-
ApeHMfl Tyaa HHAoeBponeftcKHx a3biK0B. Ho mhahhum 6bijiH npeflCTaBJieHbi or-
paHHHeHHOH Bbi6opKOH H3 ryA^apara — toro-3anaAHoro npuMopcKoro iiixaTa
Hhahh. PaciiiHpeHHe hhahhckoh Bbi6opKH Ha apyrne uiTaTbi npHBeao k bo3-

HHKHOBeHHK) npOTHBOnOJIOWHOH KapTHHbl. Olca3aiIOCb, 4TO HHAHHUbl OTpawa-

k)t 6ojiee BbicoKoe pa3Hoo6pa3He b ranjiorpynne Rial Aaace npH conocraBJie-

HKH C KOKHO- H BOCTOHHO-eBpOneHCKHM HaCejieHHeM. HeH36e5KHblM CTaHOBHJI-

ca bwboa o tom, hto HHAoeBponenubi bo3Hhkjih b Hhahh h oiryAa pacnpo-
CTpaHHJiHCb b EBpony (4).

B 2006 r. c uejibio H3yHemia npoHcxoMCAeHHa MyaccKHx jihhhh Hacneao-
BaHHa y hhahhckoto HaceneHHa 6bijiH npoaHajnranpoBaHbj 38 iwapKepoB 936
Y-xpomocom b 32 njieMeHHbix h 45 KacTOBbix rpynnax nexbipex ocHOBHbix
jiHHrBHCTHMecKHx ceMeH Hhahh. HeAaBHee BHeuiHee BJiHBaHHe b ApaBHflo- h
XHHAHroBopainne KacTOBbie rpynnbi oKa3ajiocb cjia6biM. PacnpeAeueHHe HeKO-
Topwx Y-xpoMocoMHbix ranjiorpyim MeacAy HacejieHHeM Hhahh h CpeaHeH
A3hh HanSonee skohomhhho o6i.acHajiocb rjiy6oKHM oSiahm poactbom Meatfly
AByMa pernoHaMH c pacnpocTpaHeHHeiw HeKOTopbix cneuH^HnecKH hhahhckhx
jihhhh HacaeAOBaHHa Ha ceBep. Y-xpoMocoMHbie AaHHbie yKa3biBajin Ha npe-
HMymecTBeHHO K»KHoa3HaTCKoe nponcxoacAeHHe KacTOBbix coo6mecTB Hhahh
h 3T0 TaioKe onpoBeprajio bmboa o KaKOM-jraSo npHTOKe H3 peraoHOB k ceBepy
h 3anaay ot Hhahh 3eMJieAeJibHecKoro hjih HHAoapHHCKoro HaceneHHa (5).

Y-xpoMocoMbi HHAHttcKoro HacejieHHa oTo6paacaK>T oTHOCHTejibHO He-
3HaHHTeJibHyio reHeTmrecicyio AHCTaHUHio ot Y-xponiocoM 3anaAHbix eBpa-

226

3HiiueB. 3to oTKpbiTHe nepBOHanajibHO yBa3biBEUiocb c MHrpannaMH HOCHTejieft
HHAoapHHCKHx AHaJieicroB b Hhahio. IlocKOJibKy ranjiorpynna M17 (Rla) fle-
MOHCTpHpoBajia CHHacawmyroca qacTOTy ot CpeAHeH A3hh no HanpaBJieHHio k
K)>khoh Hhahh, 6bin CAenaH bbiboa o tom, OHa aBJiaeTca noTeHUHajibHbiM Map-
KepoM AaHHoro co6htoh. TeHeTHKH hcxoahjih H3 cueHapna «OAHa ranjiorpyn-
na npHpaBHHBaeTca k oahoh MMrpau,HH» h npeAnojioacHJiH, ito Ha6op ranjior-
pynn J2, Rla, R2 h L cBa3aH c MHrpainieH HHAoeBponeftcKoro HacejieHHa h
BHeApeHneiM KacroBOH cncreMbi b Hhahio H3 CpeAHeH A3hh (6).

Ho eCJIH 6bl HCTOHHHKOM pa3H0BHAH0CTH Rla B HHAHH AeMCTBHTejIbHO

Sbijia CpeaHaa Amu, rorAa cjieAOBano 6bi oacHAaTb o6Hapy»ceHHa Apynix npo-
HCXOAaiUHx H3 CpeAHeK A3HH ranjiorpynn (C3, DE, J*, 1, G, N, O) b CeBepo-
3anaAHoM Hhahh b nponopunoHajibHO coo6pa3Hbix nacTOTax. OAHaKO reHeni-
MecKHe HccjieAosaHHa He noATBepAHJin stot BbiBOA. Ecjih 6m Apyrwe ranjio-
rpynrai 6biKH yTpaneHbi b pe3yjibTaTe rnnoTeTHHecKoro sfJxJpeKTa ropjibiuiKa
6yTbuiKH (T.e. copTHpoBKH jihhhh HacjieAOBaHHa cpeAH npnGbiBiuHX b Hhahkd
paHHHx HHAoapHeB), to cjieAOBano 6bi oa<HAaTb oneHb HH3Koe reHeraqecKoe
pa3Hoo6pa3He hhahhckhx jihhhh HacjieAOBaHHa Rla. Ho cnxyaniia OKa3ajiacb
npoTHBonojio>KHOH: ranjiOTHnoBoe pa3HOo6pa3ne Ha 3aAHeM njiaHe Rla b
CpeAHeH A3HH h Boctohhoh EBpone 6bi.no HH5Ke, MeM b Hhahh. T.e. BbicoKaa
MacroTa BCTpeiaeMocTH Rl* h Rla y cpeAHea3HaTCKoro h BOCTOHHoeBponefi-
CKoro HacejieHna (b 6ojibiiiHHCTBe cjiyiaeB 6e3 R2 h R*) 6ojiee skohomhhho
o6bacHajiacb ABH>KeHHeM reHeTHnecKoro noTOKa b nporaBonojioacHOM HanpaB-
jieHHH, a B03M05KHMM hctohhhkom pacnpocTpaHeHHa 3thx ranjiorpynn craHO-
BHJiacb K)>KHaa A3Ha (7).

Ha OCHOBaHHH 3THX AaHHMX reHeTHKH npHUIJIH K BblBOAy O TOM, TTO He-

o6a3aTenbHO HCKaTb hctohhhk MyaccKHX jihhhh HacjieAOBaHHa y HHAHHueB 3a
npeAenaMH K)3khoh A3hh b snoxy B03HHKH0BeHHa oceAJioro 3eMJieAeJiHa. Ohh
OTBeprjiH TeopHK) o coBMecTHOM npH6biTHH HOBoro HapoAa, asbiKa h 3eMJieAe-
jihh b Hhahio nepe3 ceBepo-3anaAHbin KOpHAop. TaK»ce 6biJiH OT6pomeHbi
npeACTaBJieHHa o CBH3H ranjiorpynn .12, L. Rl a h R2 c OAHOBpeMeHHbM B03-
HHKHOBeHHeM My>KCKHX KacTOBbix jihhhh HacjieAOBaHHa b Hhahh H3BHe cy6-
KOHTHHeHTa. ToJibKO H3yneHHe pacnpocTpaHeHHOcra rannorpynnbi J2 roBopn-
jio o HecoMHeHHOM HeAaBHeM BHeirmeM npHTOKe, ho He H3 CpeAHeH, a H3 3a-
naAHOH A3HH (8).

B tom a<e 2006 r. aBTopbi Apyroro reHeTHiecKoro HCCJieAOBaHHa 3aAa-
jiHCb uenbio o6i.acHHTb pe3KO npoTHBopenHBbie CBeAeHHa o reHeTHiecKOM
npoHcxo>KAeHHH njieMeH h KacT KDhchoh A3HH. TeHeTHKH cTpeMHJincb pa3pe-
iiiHTb sto npoTHBopeiHe, Hcnojibiya BbicoKOT04Hbie AaHHbie no 69 HH(J)opMa-

THBHblM Y xpOMOCOMHbIM MapKepaM H 10 COnyTCTByiOIHHM MHKpoMapKepaM

H3 o6uiHpHOH Bbi6opKH reorpa<|>mecKH, couHajibHO h jiHHrBHCTHiecKH penpe-
3eHTaTHBHbix 3THHHecKHX rpynn K)»hoh A3hh. OSHapyacHJiocb, 4T0 BJiwaHHe
CpeAHeH A3HH Ha reHenmecKHtt Ha6op Shjio He3HanHTenbHbiM. 3noxa awcy-
MyjinpoBaHHOH MHKpoconyTCTByioineH BapHaTHBHOcra b 6ojibiiiHHCTBe hhahh-

227

ckhx ranjiorpynn npeBbimaeT 10000 — 15000 jreT, hto cooTBeTCTBOBano ApeB-
hocth perHOHantHOH AHctxJiepeHnHauHH. Co6paHHbie AaHHbie onpoBeprnn mo-
Aejib HeAaBHero reHeTH4ecKoro BJMBaHHS H3 CpeAHeH A3HH AJia oGiacHemia
o6Hapy>KeHHoro reHeTHnecKoro pa3HOo6pa3Ma b IOpkhoh A3mh. TanjiorpynnM
Rial h R2 noKa3ajiM AeMorpac^HHecKyio KOMnneKCHOCTb, HecoBMecniMyK) c
HeAaBHMM eAHHHHHbiM co6biTHeM. TaKace nojiyneHHbie AaHHbie roBopnjiH o no-

JiyOCTpOBHOM npOHCXWKAeHHH HOCHTejieft APaBHAHHCKHX AHajieKTOB, a He o

cymecTBOBaHHH 6nH3Koro k aojihhc MHAa HcroHHHKa 3Ha4HTenbHoro reHeTM-
necKoro BJTHBaHHH H3-3a paccejreHHa 3eMJieAejibHecKoro HacejieHna. OGiiuih

BblBOA CBOAHHCfl K CJieAyKUfleMy : OTJIHHHTejIbHblH Y XpOMOCOMHblfi JiaHA"

nia(J)T KDjkhoh A3mh c(J)opMHpoBajiH MHrpauHH rojiou,eHOBOH h npeArononeHo-
boh anox (9).

B 2008 r. rpynna yneHbix nocjTe o63opa hmctoiuhxch reHeranecKHX ny6-
jiHKau,HH npHinna k cneAyiomHM o6o6meHHHM (10). Tanjiorpynna Rial, nepe-
AaBaeMbiH no MyaccKOH jihhhh Y— xpoMocoMHbiii reHeraHecKHH MapKep, o6Ha-
pyjKeHHbiH b 6ojibuiHX nponopnnax y cjiaBHHCKoro h HHAoapHHCKoro MyaccKO-
ro HaceneHHa, yKa3WBaeT Ha oGiuhh reHeraHecKHH hctohhhk 3HaHHTejibHoro

MHCJia HOCHTejiefi CJiaBaHCKHX H HHAHHCKHX 33HK0B. TeHeTHieCKOe H JlHHrBHC-

THHecKoe poactbo Me>KAy HOCHTejiaMM HHAoapHiicKHx h cuaBSHCKMX AHaneK-
tob noKa3biBaeT, hto 3HaHHTeubHoe hhcjio hx npeAKOB o6nTajio coBMecTHO.

Hx HeAaBHaa MHrpauna c BOCTOKa npKHecna 6bi Ha BajiKaHbi ranjiorpyn-
ny N3, nocKOJibKy OHa niwpoKO pacnpocTpaHeHa b Pocchh h Ha YKpanHe —
MejKAy HepHbiM h EanTHHCKMM MopKMH, ho 3tot reHeTHHecKHH MapKep Ha
BanKaHax He HaftAeH. T.e. MHrpanna Rial Ha BariKaHbi npoH30iujia ao Toro,
KaK rannorpynna N3 noaBHJiacb b Boctohhoh EBpone. Tanjiorpynna N3 qanje
Bcero BCTpenaeTca cpeAH <|)hhhob (61%) h paccMaTpnBaeTca KaK (jiHHHoyrop-
ckhh MapKep. Tanjiorpynna N3 TaK>Ke nacre BCTpenaeTca y cjiaBaH b npH6aji-
THKe h ripHqepHOMopbe. 3tot MapKep, conocTaBHMbin no ApeBHocra c Rial,
He MHrpnpoBaji b Hhahk). CHHTaeTca, mo (JtHHHOyrpw npHinnH b IIpn6anT[-iKy
5000 — 6000 neT TOMy Ha3aA- T.e. MiirpauHs ranxiorpynnbi Rial c BOCTOKa Ha
BajiKaHbi flpjKKHa 6buia npoH30HTH ao pacnpocTpaHeHHa ranxiorpynnbi N3 h

TaKHM 06pa30M HOCHTejIH Rial CMOrjlH H36e5KaTb KOHTaKTa C HOCHTejiaMH N3.

CymecTBeHHO, hto rannorpynna I— M170, CHHTaiomaaca 6onee ApeBHen
no cpaBHemwo c ranjiorpynnon Rial— M17 n pacnpocrpaHHBHiaaca H3 y6e5KH-
ma Ha ceBepe BanKaH nocjie nocjieAHero jieAHHKOBoro MaKCHMyMa, He 6buia
o6Hapy5KeHa b Hhahh. Tamiorpynna I ninpoKO pacnpocTpaHeHa b EBpone —
ot BpHTaHHH ao Pocchh h ot BajiTHKH ao BanKaH. TyT OHa BcxpenaeTca oco-
6eHHO nacTO, AOxoAa ao -71% y xopBaTOB EocHHH-TepueroBHHbi. HaeroTa ee
pacnpocTpaHeHHa b Pocchh h Ha YKpaHHe cocTaBJiaex -20%, AHrram — 18%,
TepMaHHH — 20%, flaHHH — 39%, HopBerHH — 40%, kwkhoh IUbcujih —
40% h 3ctohhh — 19%. IIpeAnojiaraeMbiH B03pacT rannorpynnbi I — 22000
jieT, 3Toro BpeMeHH AOCTaTOHHO A-fia 3KcnaHCHH, h OHa TaraKe HaMHoro name
BCTpeHaeTca b EBpone no cpaBHeHHK) c rannorpynnoft Rial. OrcyTCTBHe ran-

228

aoipvn™ I b mm* ******* EBpony H3 odko ^T^To^Zm
nnorpynna I-M170 6mia Haftsena b naKHCxaHe b o6T,eMe 0.57 /c h 0.3 /o, Kyaa
rMorna to npnHecena rpeKO-MaKe.oH ua M n. B ««^2™™£££
nnorpynna I oSnapyaceHa Ha Bjihtkhcm Boctoks, KaBKaae h b CpeweH Amh,
TSb HpaHe. Y »Jn Cpe^ne* A 3 hh ee nacxoxa cocnuuwr ™

L5% ' Ha npoHcxo>KAe™e HHAoapnee y^maex eme oflHa rannorpynna K*-
M9 Koxopaa ujhpoko pacnpocxpaneHa b Ashh b oSHapyacena b 6 ™x ofrs-
^ y KopeRues (69%), MOHronoB (25%), y 3 6eKOB (15%), KaaaxoB (11%), xa-
™ (9%) pyccJ b TamKeHxe (6%) h %ocna B ne (14%). Ho o^hhm ;»
b hShh ona He 6unB o6 H a P y>Ke„a hh y o^Horo H3 728 My™, ho b HaKH-
cxaHe y oaHoro H3 176 tfcnMPBBHHHX hhh y 0.57%. Ho apynn., ™Pyrrr*
KMHG°6-M9) oxcyxcxByex b ne Hfl >Ka6e, Aiwxpa Hpasem « «a fflpn toe,
ho bW B Hha™ npHcyxcxByex b pasMepe 0.8% (3.2% » 3ana fl H0H EeHra-
Sh h 3 4% b Fy^apaxe, B Hpane . ofe&ie 3.6%). 3xo CB^aexcH c mohpo-

jIOHflHHM CBHO-TH6eTCKHM BJIHaHHeM. M „ rna .

raraiorpynnu N3 h I He aohi™ fl o HpaHa h Hh«hh. T.e. MHrpa
™ a /MHrpa U HH; pacnpocxpaHHioma^mHe) rannorpynny Rial, HananHC He b
Zone CeBepo-, ueHxpLno- hhh BoexoHHO-eBponeftcKoe nponcxo^eHne
ranT P ynn tI P Ri;i . noon^n*- 3KcnaHC«* h Mnrpaunn nepenec™ 6km
eoeoft xpoMOCOMB, rannorpyrm I „ N3 na bocxok no HanpaB— H»^
Co^exaHHe bb.cokoh lacraru BcxpenaeMOCxn rannorpynira Rial h 6jiH3Koro
poncxBa c eaHCKpnxoM np.icy.ae xojibko c^ckhm h nnflOHpancKHM napo-
TaM Ho 3X0 cxo'cxbo He pacnpocxpannexcs na eBponeftcKne u. , bocxomh^
eBponeftcKHe renexHHecKHe Map***. xaKHe KaK ran.orpynnu 1 £ N3, -xo
p b ix Hex b Hhahh. cDaKXH4ecKoe oxcyxcxBHe rannorpynnb, K* b Whchoh Ashh
HCKJHonaex CpeflHroro Ashto h Ch6h P i, hs crareica npapoflHH HHAoapneB.

Ha ocHOBaHHH B tl meH3,o>KeHH0ft «***«*« o ™; ecKH * ^
pax aBXopB, onenam. buboh o tom, ,xo rannorpynna Rial n P H6una b EBpony
Spes npe flK0 B coHpeMCHHHX c— H3 Hh^hh h aocxh™ Baman fl o xoro,
kS rannorpynna N3 pacnpocxpaHHjmc Me>w EamnftcKHM n HepHB.M mo P h-
: tZZ Zno 3a,e ™ pacnpocxpaneHHe H3 EanKaH rannorpynn. In ona
He flocxnrjm Hhahh. Bee 3x0 comacyexca e h no W ep>KHBaex xeopmo nexo^a
H3 Hhahh caxeM-roBopHmeft bstbh HH fl oe B poneftcKOH k3bikoboh <* mi >«-

B ^009 r Rome™ renexHKOB npninSn k bb.bo^ o xom, mxo (t.aKTHHe-
cKoe oxcyxcxBHe x P omocom M458 (Rlala7) 3a npefleaaMn EsponB, roBopnx
npoU 3Ha™x eJlt Horo nepe^BaeMoro no MyaccKoft ™hhh npHXOKa reHOB «3
BoexoHHottEBponB, b Asl, BK^HaH Hh^hk,, no MeH t meft Mepe, Hannna,, co

^Txr^LH ony^KOBanB, p e 3y ntT a™ n-™™^^
« Ba HIM 2809 Y-xpomocom y 681 6pax M ana bbzchihx K acx h 2 28 ™» P£_
hhx Kacx h njieMeH. OieHb BWCOKiw cxeneHt BCxpeMaeMOCxn (flo 72.22 /o) Y
"™™Rlal y SpaxManoB BH e 3 aB H enMOcxH ox hx ™oboh . reorpa-

229

(JnraecKOH n P HH aW ie>KHOc™ yKasbmajia na to, hto ona aBjiaexca ochoboho-
noMHimeu jihhhh HaojieflonaHiM 3 toh KacxoBOH rpynnw (ranjiorpynnoH-
ocHOBaxernHHuefl flaHHOH nony^uHH). ConpncyxcxBHe raroiorpymiH Rial B
pasHHx mieMenax, ntmmm Y-ranjiorpynnti Rla y npe^KOB h pacmnpeHHwfi
(pHJioreHexmecKHH aeajiHS coBOKymiocxH maaa 530 HHflHHueB, 224 naKH-
CTamjeB h 276 ^Hxejien CpejiHeH Ashh h eBpaaHHueB-HocHxejieii Rial no fl -
raepflHjiH aBToxxoHHoe npoHcxo^eHue jihhhh Hacjie fl OBaHna Rial b K)>khoh
A3hh h ee njieMemyro cbhsl c 6pax M a H aMH Hh-hih h onposeprjiH KOHuenmra
He^aBHero BHe^peHra h 3 Cpeanefl Ashh h e B pa3HHCKoro BjiHBamui b KacxoByra
CHcxeMy Hhjihh. Abto P w ynasajin Ha HacymHyro HeoSxoflHMocxt dpHjiorenexH-
iecKHx HccjieaoBaHHH b csuihx ceBepmix npHrHManaftcKHx pernonax Hhjjhh
Koxoptie MorjiH cjiyHCHTB HHKy6a T opoM ajih mhofhx jihhhh HacjiewBaHM
/tpeBHocTH, hto6h nojiyron 6ojiee acnyio Kaprnny aacejie™* Hh«hh h Espa-
3hh (12). JTHHrBHcxmecKaa rnnoxeaa o pacnojiOKeHira npapownnj HH^oeBpo-
neHHeB b ropmix whihhbx CeBepo-Sanaj^.x iHMajiara Stuia BtrcKaaaHa eme
b 1 930 r. (1j) Ho ecjiH HH A HHCKoe npoHcxoayieHHe caxeM-roBopaiHHX hhao-
eBponeHHeB-HocHxejieH ranjiorpynrai Rial mokho cnmm, xBep/jo ycxanoB-
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ITPHMEHAHHH:

1 . CeMeneHKo A.A. Ase na PW r MU petneHM HHfloapirtCKofi npoSueMti // Bjiacxt h mpon b
ycnoBnax boAhh comiajiBHBix xohcjmhktob: MarepHasBi tfexBepTofi pen.oHam.Hofl hJUh

201 OX 6 "™ 248 P ° He>K ' 2 ^"^ 201 ° F) ' ^ 0& * Pe * B " F ™ a - B «

iL^Sfw*'' Luka ^i- R " Kenne ^ KA - R - Bi0l °g'^ Adaptations and Affinities of
to ™ d M ,, ^^T 1 Hafa T Excavat]ons 1986-1990: A Multidisciplinary Approach
1 f^T" a " 1Sm ' Ed by REMead0W ' Monographs m World Archaeology
No. 3. Madison Wisconsin, 1991. P. 173-174; Kennedy K.A.R. Have Aryans been identified
in the prehistoric skeletal record from South Asia? Biological anthropology and concepts of

^z^££i%z&t** South Asia: '« — «*» «££

3. Witzel M. Early Indian history: linguistic and textual parameters // The Indo-Aryans P
113; Idem. Autochthonous Aryans? The Evidence from Old Indian and Iranian Text/// Elec-
ron,c Journal of Vedic Studies. 7-3. 2001. P. 9; Kuz'mma E.E. The origin oflhe l„£-

Iramans / Trans . by S.Pitdna and P.Prudovsky. Ed. by J.P.Mallory // Leiden Ind^Sa
Etymological Dictionary Series. Leiden, 2007. P. 345. muu-curopean

4. Kivisild T. et al The Genetics of Language and Farming Spread in India // Examining the
farnnng/langriage dispersa hypothesis / Ed. by P. Bellwood & C. Renfrew. Cambridge 2002
Z vTu \ f TaK5Ke: klVIS ' Id T - et aL The Geneti0 Herita ge of the Earliest Settlers Pers-
So3 tl.l pTl3™ Md ^^ P ° PUlatl0nS " AmedCan JOUrna ' ° f hSTSS
5 Sahoo S. et al. A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scena-

6. Ibidem.

230

7. Ibid. P. 845—846.

8. Ibid. P. 847.

9. Sengupta S. et al. Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distribu-
tions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic
Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists // The American Journal of Human Genetics Vol 78
February 2006. P. 202—221.

10. Skulj J. et al. Indo-Aryan and Slavic linguistic and genetic affinities predate the origin of
cereal farming // Proceedings of the Sixth International Topical Conference Origin of Euro-
peans, Ljubljana, June 6* and 7 th 2008. Ljubljana, 2008. P. 5 — 39.

11. Underhill PA. et al. Separating the post-Glacial coancestry of European and Asian Y
chromosomes within haplogroup Rla// European Journal of Human Genetics. 2009. P. 1 — 6.

12. Sharma S. et al. The Indian origin of paternal haplogroup Rial substantiates the autoch-
dionous origin of Brahmins and the caste system // Journal of Human Genetics 2009 54 P
47—55.

13. Lachhmi Dhar Kalla. The Home of the Aryas // The Delhi University Publications No 2
1930.

14. Elst K, Update on the Aryan invasion debate. New Delhi, 1999. P. 122 — 123; Idem. Lin-
guistic aspects of the Aryan non-invasion theory // The Indo-Aryan controversy: evidence
and inference in Indian history. L., 2005. P. 241.

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