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SIR  ROBERT  GOWER,O.B.E. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28,  1911. 


NOTES   AND    QUERIES 

Sw.   U,  M 


Ittt*rr0mmuttiratian 


FOR 


LITERARY    MEN,    GENERAL    READERS,     ETC. 


"When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


ELEVENTH    SERIES. -VOLUME     II. 
JULY — DECEMBER,  1910. 


LONDON: 

PUBLISHED  AT  THE 

OFFICE,   BREAM'S   BUILDINGS,  CHANCERY  LANE,  E.G. 
BY  JOHN  C.  FRANCIS  AND  J.  EDWARD  FRANCIS. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28,  1911. 


V, 


LIBRARY 

730974 

UNIVERSITY  OF  TORONTO 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  2, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


1 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  2,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-No.  27. 

NOTES  •— Tottel,  Puttenham,  and  Turbervile,  1-Sir  W. 
Jones  and  the  Representation  of  Oxford  University,  3 
— T  L.  Peacock  on  Fashionable  Literature,  4— The 
National  Flag  5— Sir  Thomas  Cooke,  Mayor  of  London 
—"Bullion"— Portable  Railway-" Pepita,"  a  Pattern 
— J.  R.  Smith  :  Dr.  W.  Saunders,  6. 

OUERIES:— George  J.'s  Statue  at  Hackwood— Garibaldi 
and  his  Flag— William  Penn's  Letters— Andronicus 
Lascaris— Donne's  Poems,  7— Spexhall  Church— Poem  on 
Death  of  George  II.— Cornelius  de  Witt-'  Sir  Edward 
Seaward's  Narrative '—The  Circle  of  Loda— Doge's  Hat 
—'The  Duenna  and  Little  Isaac'— Huguenot  Church  at 
Provins— Prince  Eugene  of  Savoy— Commonwealth  Grants 
of  Arms,  8— Parish  Registers  burnt  in  1337— Stones  in 
Earlv  Village  Life— Prior's  Salford  Church  — Clergy 
retiring  from  the  Dinner-Table— Heworth-Edw.  Hatton 
—Sir  Isaac's  Walk— Episcopal  Visitations— Chapel  le 
Frith— M.  de  Calonrie's  House  in  Piccadilly,  9-Prince 
Rupertr-Goldsmith  and  Hackney,  10. 

REPLIES :— Bubb  Dodington  and  his  Circle,  10— 'Rape  of 
Proserpine' —  London  Children's  Outdoor  Games  — 
"  Arabis"— "Teart"— Buff  and  Blue  as  Party  Colours,  11 
—Flax  Bourton— Duncan  Liddel  and  Jo.  Potinius— Wall- 
Papers,  12  — "Montjoy  et  St.  Dennis"— "Worth"  in 
Place-Names— "The  Cock  Tavern "— Kempesfeld,  13— 
"Onion"— Grey  Family— Earthenware  Tombstone,  14— 
"  Literary  Gossip,"  15  —  Strettell-Utterson  —  Column's 
'Man  of  the  People '—Robin  Hood's  Men— "Bmche"— 
Hampden  and  Ship  Money,  16— Firegrate  Folk-lore— 
The  Ravensbourne— Door-knocker  Etiquette,  17— Comets 
and  Princes  — Chevalier  de  Laurence—  "Pull"— "Tht 
Fortune  of  War,"  18. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— "The  Cornish  Coast '—' Pride  and 
Preiudice '  Abridged—'  A  Collection  of  Eastern  Stories ' 

.—'The  Time  of  the  Singing  of  Birds'— The  Prince  of 
Wales  Prayer-Books— '  L'Interme'diaire.' 


TOTTEL'S  '  MISCELLANY,'  TOTTEN- 
HAM'S '  ARTE  OF  ENGLISH  POESIE,' 
AND  GEORGE  TURBERVILE. 

I  NOTICED  some  time  ago,  when  searching 
for  certain  material  in  George  Turbervile's 
'Tragical  Tales  and  other  Poems,'  1587, 
that  the  author  often  imitated  the  songs  and 
sonnets  in  TottePs  '  Miscellany,'  and  that 
occasionally  his  verse  was  almost  identical 
with  quotations  from  the  *  Miscellany z 
which  I  had  been  able  to  identify  in  Putten- 
ham's  'Arte  of  English  Poesie.'  Then  I 
called  to  mind  the  fact  that  the  time  of  the 
composition  of  Puttenham' s  book  is  still  a 
matter  for  intelligent  speculation,  and  I 
compared  the  date  of  its  publication,  1589, 
with  that  of  Turbervile's  'Tragical  Tales,' 
1587.  And  I  thought  what  a  good  thing 
it  would  be  if  I  could  find  the  latter  quoted 
in  Puttenham.  But  I  was  doomed  to 
disappointment,  for  I  could  find  no  evidence 
to  show  that  Puttenham  had  read  the 
work. 


At  this  time  Mr.  R.  B.  McKerrow  very 
kindly  lent  me  his  copy  of  Turbervile's 
'  Epitaphes,  Epigrams,  Songs,  and  Sonnets,' 
1567,  and  informed  me  that  he  had  traced 
two  quotations  from  it  in  Puttenham.  To 
make  a  long  story  short,  I  determined  to 
work  through  the  book  thoroughly,  and  I 
very  soon  learned  that  these  '  Songs  and 
Sonnets  '  shed  much  light  on  the  mysterious 
'  Arte  of  English  Poesie  ?  and  on  Turbervile's 
method  of  composition.  Turbervile  is  the 
"  common  rimer  "  who  is  most  often  censured 
by  Puttenham,  no  fewer  than  ten  passages 
from  his  book  being  dealt  with  in  '  The  Arte 
of  English  Poesie.' 

,  Turbervile  is  mentioned  only  once  by  name 
in  Puttenham  (Arber,  p.  75),  the  passage 
reading  as  follows  : — 

"  And  in  her  Majesties  time  that  now  is  are 
sprong  up  an  other  crew  of  Courtly  makers  Noble 
men  and  Gentlemen  of  her  Majesties  owne 
servauntes,  who  have  written  excellently  well  as 
it  would  appeare  if  their  doings  could  be  found 
out  and  made  publicke  with  the  rest,  of  which 
number  is  first  that  noble  Gentleman  Edward 
Earle  of  Oxford.  Thomas  Lord  of  Bukhurst, 
when  he  was  young,  Henry  Jx>rd  Paget,  Sir 
Philip  Sydney,  Sir  Walter  Rawleigh,  Master 
Edward  Dyar,  Maister  Fulke  Grevell,  Gascon, 
Britton,  Turberville  and  a  great  many  other 
learned  Gentlemen,  whose  names  I  do  not  omit 
for  envie,  but  to  avoyde  tediousnesse,  and  who 
have  deserved  no  little  commendation." 

Knowing  that  Turbervile  was  thus  com- 
mended, I  did  not  expect  to  find  that  he 
is  the  "  rimer  "  who  is  belittled  and  held  up 
to  censure  more  often  than  any  other  poet 
or  poetaster  dealt  with  by  Puttenham ; 
and  even  now  I  cannot  find  an  explanation 
for  the  difference  between  the  commenda- 
tion and  the  censures  that  follow,  all  of  which 
indicate  in  the  very  plainest  terms  that 
Turbervile  was  far  from  being  a  master  of  his 
craft,  that  he  was  an  imitator  or  mimic  of 
other  men's  work,  and  that  his  verse  is,  in 
truth,  very  little  better  than  doggerel. 

Now  all  this  seems  strange,  because  the 
faults  alleged  against  Turbervile  are  faults 
to  be  found  in  all  poets,  good  and  bad,  who 
wrote  about  that  time ;  and  Puttenham 
need  not  have  gone  outside  Tottel's  '  Mis- 
cellany '  for  similar  examples  for  his  book. 
Why  does  he  open  his  criticism  of  bad  verse 
with  a  quotation  from  Turbervile,  and  close 
it  with  a  succession  of  quotations  from  the 
same  author,  and  then  at  the  end  of  his 
book  hark  back  to  Turbervile's  writings  ? 
If  this  attack  on  Turbervile  is  new  to  us,  it  is 
hardly  likely  that  it  passed  unrecognized  by 
his  contemporaries  ;  and  it  would  seem  that 
Puttenham  had  quarrelled  with  Turbervile 
some  time  after  he  wrote  the  words  of  com- 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  JULY  2, 1910. 


mendation.  Puttenham  is  a  mysterious 
personage  about  whom  we  should  like  to 
know  something  more  than  the  few  bare 
details  that  have  been  ascertained  up  to 
the  present  ;  and  therefore  it  is  just  possible 
that  some  day  somebody  may  be  able  to  point 
us  to  one  or  more  replies  to  Puttenham  by 
Turbervile's  friends,  or  even  to  something 
by  Turbervile  himself,  in  work  known  to  have 
been  written  subsequent  to  the  production  of 
'  The  Arte  of  English  Poesie.'  And  then 
we  may  get  to  know  more  about  the  singu- 
larly able  critic,  but  wretched  poetaster, 
who  wrote  the  latter  work. 

The  first  two  quotations  I  shall  deal  with 
are  those  which  were  pointed  out  to  me  by 
Mr.  McKerrow. 

Puttenham  says  there  uannot  be  a  fouler 
fault  in  a  poet  than  to  falsify  his  accent  to 
serve  his  cadence,  or  by  untrue  orthography 
to  wrench  his  words  to  help  his  rime.  To 
do  either  is  a  sign  that  the  poet  or  maker 
is  not  copious  in  his  language,  or  (as  they 
are  wont  to  say)  not  half  his  craft's  master  ; 
that  he  is  but  a  bungler,  and  not  a 
poet : — 

"  as  he  that  by  all  likelyhood.  having  no  word  at 
hand  to  rime  to  this  word  [joy],  he  made  his  other 
verse  ende  in  [Roy]  saying  very  impudently  thus, 

O  mightie  Lord  of  love,  dame  Venus  onely  joy, 

Who  art  the  highest  God  of  any  heavenly  Roy." 
Arber,  p.  95. 

This  quotation  (altered)  is  dealt  with 
again  on  p.  259,  where  it  is  cited  as  an 
instance  of  '  Soraismus,'  or  '  The  mingle 
mangle,'  the  false  orthography  being  dealt 
with  a  second  time  as  an  inexcusable  vice, 
ignorant,  and  affected, 

"  as  one  that  said  using  this  French  word  Roy, 
to  make  ryme  with  another  verse,  thus  : 

O  mightie  Lord  of  love,  dame  Venus  onely  joy,    • 

Whose    Princely    power    exceedes    ech    other 
heavenly  roy. 

In   neither    case   is  Turbervile    correctly 
quoted,    and    this    circumstance   seems    to 
mark  malice.     Turbervile  wrote  : — 
O  Mightie  lorde  of  love  ! 
Dame  Venus  onely  joy, 

Whose  princely  powre  doth  farre  surmount 
all  other  heavenly  roy. 

'  The  Lover  to  Cupid  for  Mercie,'  &c. 
Collier's  reprint,  p.  80. 

The  verse,  says  Puttenham,  is  good,  but  the 
term  peevishly  affected  ;  and  at  p.  95  he 
says  "  roy"  was  never  yet  received  in  our 
language  for  an  English  word. 

Now  Puttenham' s  censure,  after  all, 
amounts  to  this  only,  that  Turbervile 
wrenched  a  word  to  help  his  rime,  and  that 
he  had  no  authority  for  using  "  roy.'?  But 
I  turn  to  that  portion  of  '  The  Mirror  for 


Magistrates '  which  John  Higgins  wroter 
printed  in  1575  and  again  in  1587,  or  before 
Puttenham's  book  appeared,  and  I  find 
"  roy  "  twice  : — 

What  thousand  tongues   (thinke  you)   could  telt 

our  joy  ! 
This  made  our  hearts  revive,  this  pleas'd  our  Roy. 

'  Legend  of  Lord  Irenglas,'  st.  16. 
Without  disdayne,  hate,  discorde  or  anoye  : 
Even  as  our  father  raign'd,  the  noble  Roy. 

'  Legend  of  King  Forrex,'  st.  4. 

Under  Macrologia  or  Long  language  we 
find  : — 

"  So  said  another  of  our  rimers,  meaning  to  shew 
the  great  annoy  and  difflcultie  of  those  warres  of 
Troy,  caused  for  Helenas  sake. 
Nor  Menelaus  was  unwise, 
Or  troupe  of  Troians  mad, 
When  he  with  them  and  they  with  him, 
For  her  such  combat  had." 

Arber,  p.  264. 

This  is  correctly  quoted  from  the  sonnet 
headed  '  In  Praise  of  Ladie  P.'  (Collier, 
p.  248). 

We  are  told  : — 

"  These  clauses  (he  with  them  and  they  with 
him)  are  surplusage,  and  one  of  them  very, im- 
pertinent, because  it  could  not  otherwise  be  in- 
tended, but  that  Menelaus,  fighting  with  the 
Troians,  the  Troians  must  of  necessitie  fight' 
with  him." 

In  Tottel's  '  Miscellany,'  p.  158,  a  similar 
case  of  "  surplusage  n  occurs,  and  in  a  poem 
from  which  Puttenham  quotes  with  approval 
elsewhere  : — 

But  gase  on  them  and  they  on  me  as  bestes  are- 
wont  of  kinde. 

'.The  Lover  refused  lamenteth  his  Estate.' 

As  very  much  of  Turbervjle's  work  in  his 
*  Songs  and  Sonnets  *  is  directly  founded  on 
poems  in  Tottel's  '  Miscellany,'  I  have  no 
doubt  he  caught  up  his  phrasing  from  Tottel 
in  this  case.  But  you  never  find  Putten- 
ham speaking  slightingly  of  anything  in 
Tottel,  although  he  deals  with  twenty- 
seven  passages  to  be  found  in  that  book,, 
some  of.  which  are  quoted  twice  and  even 
three  times.  - 

Most  of  the  quotations  in  Puttenham  are 
from  effusions  of  his  own,  which  ungrateful 
and  ill- discerning  men  have  allowed,  with, 
the  exception  of  one  poor  remnant,  to  be 
drowned  in  the  black  waters  of  oblivion. 
One  hardly  knows  whether  to  weep  or  to 
laugh  at  these  examples  of  his  muse  j  and 
the  suspicion  often  haunts  one's  mind  that  the^ 
terse,  eloquent,  and  clear-headed  prose* 
writer  is  making  a  May-game  of  his  reader. 
These  quotations  come  in  strings ;  they  are 
often  contrasted  with  passages  from  the  best 
writers  ;  and  occasionally  the  productions. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  2, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


of  poets  like  Surrey,  Wyatt,  and  Sir  Philip 
Sidney  are  alluded  to  merely  to  enable 
Puttenham  to  cite  something  of  his  own, 
which  he  makes  you  clearly  understand  is  to 
be  preferred  to  things  that  are  to  be  found 
in  the  works  of  the  persons  named.  And 
then  he  will  deal  with  one  of  "  your  ordinary 
rimers  ?)  It  is  all  done  so  pleasantly,  and 
the  assurance  of  the  critic  in  the  merit  of 
his  own  verse  is  so  superbly  self-confident, 
that  one  feels  compelled  not  only  to  accept 
with  good-humoured  toleration  what  he 
says,  but  also  to  forget  his  "  side,"  and 
only  remember  his  supreme  ability  as  a 
teacher. 

Following  one  of  these  strings  of  his 
own  verse,  pp.  187-8,  we  come  to  Endiadis 
or  the  Figure  of  Twinnes,  a  manner  of 
speech  which  seems  to  make  two  phrases 
of  one  : — 

'"  And  as  one  of  our  ordinary  rimers  said. 
Of  fortune  nor  her  frowning  face, 
I  am  nothing  agast. 
In  stead,  of  [fortunes  froivning  face.]  " 

The  "  ordinary  rimer  "  is  George  Turber- 
vile  again,  but  why  he  should  be  dragged 
in  thus  needs  explanation,  because  no  fault 
is  to  be  found  in  the  manner  of  his  speech 
that  does  not  occur  frequently  in  all  writers 
of  poetical  compositions,  who  use  the  form, 
with  more  or  less  judgment,  to  give  euphony 
to  their  verse.     But  some  of  Puttenham's 
readers    would    know    who    was    aimed    at, 
and  it  may  be  that  in  this  case,  as  in  others, 
the  poet  is  purposely  misquoted. 
Turbervile  wrote  : — 
I  will  not  be  agast 
Of  Fortune  nor  her  frowning  face. 

'  That  Lovers  ought  to  shunne  no  Paines 
to  attaine  their  Love,'  Collier,  p.  237. 

CHARLES  CRAWFORD. 
(To  be   continued.) 


SIR      WILLIAM     JONES     AND     THE 

REPRESENTATION     OF     OXFORD 

UNIVERSITY  IN  PARLIAMENT. 

Ix  1780  Jones,  who  was  not  knighted  until 
three  years  later,  offered  himself  as  a  candi 
date  for  the  representation  of  the  University 
of  Oxford  in  the  House  of  Commons.  But 
his  Liberal  opinions  and  his  detestation  of 
the  American  war  and  of  the  slave  -  trade 
were  too  frankly  expressed  to  be  agreeable 
to  the  electors,  and  he  withdrew  from  the 
contest  in  order  to  avoid  an  overwhelming 
defeat. 

Sir    Roger    Newdigate,    Bt.,    D.C.L.,    of 
University,    of    which     College    Jones    was 


himself  a  Fellow,   sat  for   Oxford  from   31 
January,  1750,  until  1780,  when  he  retired. 

The  University  was  represented  in  1780' 
by  Sir  William  Dolben,  Bt.,  D.C.L.,  some- 
time Student  of  Christ  Church,  and  Francis 
Page,  D.C.L.  of  New  College.  Sir  William, 
great-grandson  of  John  Dolben,  Arch- 
bishop of  York,  represented  Oxford  during 
seven  Parliaments,  from  3  February,  1768, 
until  1806,  when  he  retired.  He  always 
gave  his  steady  support  to  Wilberforce's 
measures  for  the  abolition  of  the'  slave- 
trade.  Francis  Bourne  assumed  the  name 
of  Page  on  inheriting  the  Oxfordshire  estates 
of  his  great-uncle  Sir  Francis  Page,  the  judge. 
He  was  junior  member  for  Oxford  from 
23  March,  1768,  until  1801. 

The  following  letter  is  not  among  those 
printed  by  Lord  Teignmouth  in  his  life  of 
Sir  William  Jones  (1806),  vol.  i.  pp.  358-83  : 

Lamb  Building,  Temple,  29  April,  1780. 
DEAR  SIR, 

I  beg  you  will  accept  a  Latin  Ode,  lately 
written  in  imitation  of  Collins  by  a  person 
who  has  a  high  respect  for  you,  and  who  has 
disguised  his  name  in  the  form  of  an  anagram 
under  that  of  Julius  Melesigonus.  The  writer  is 
not  ashamed  to  confess  that  this  little  poem 
contains  his  own  political  sentiments  with  some 
poetical  amplification  and  colouring.  Very  few 
copies  have  been  printed,  to  save  the  trouble 
of  making  many  transcripts. 

I  had  fully  intended  to  send  you  a  copy  of  this 
ode,  without  giving  you  any  further  trouble  ;: 
but  I  have  just  received  a  piece  of  news,  which 
induces  me  to  trouble  you  with  one  short  question ». 
Sir  Roger  Newdigate  having  declared  his  intention 
of  vacating  his  seat  for  Oxford,  the  university 
will  at  the  general  election  be  called  upon  to  chuse 
one  of  their  members  e  qremio  Academice  to 
represent  them,  and,  "  to  protect  in  the  legis- 
lature the  rights  of  the  republick  of  letters,"  for 
which  purpose,  as  Sir  W.  Blackstone  observes,  the 
franchise  of  sending  members  was  first  granted  to 
our  learned  body.  Now,  the  great  attention 
and  kindness,  which  you  have  shown  me,  Sir,, 
tempt  me  to  ask  you,  who  are  well  able  to  inform 
me,  whether  the  writer  of  the  enclosed  poem,, 
if  his  friends  were  to  declare  him  a  candidate, 
would  have  any  chance  of  respectable  support 
from  such  members  of  the  University,  as  would 
trust  the  defense  of  their  rights,  as  scholars  and 
as  Englishmen,  to  a  man  who  loves  learning  as 
zealously  as  he  does  rational  constitutional 
Liberty.  If  the  little  personal  influence  that  he 
has  at  Oxford,  joined  to  his  avowed  affection  for 
the  genuine  freedom  of  our  English  constitution, 
would  make  it  improbable  that  he  should  be  at 
all  supported,  it  would  be  absurd  in  him  to  harbour 
a  thought  of  making  so  fruitless  an  attempt  ; 
but  if  there  were  a  prospect  even  of  an  honourable 
nomination,  it  would  be  an  honour,  which  no 
other  man  or  society  of  men  could  confer.  I 
entreat  you  to  excuse  this  liberty,  and  to  believe 
me,  with  infinite  respect,  Sir, 

Your  much  obliged  and  ever  faithful  servant 

W.  JONES. 

To  Dr.  Adams,  Master  of  Pembroke  Colledge. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  JULY  2>  1910. 


Johnson's  friend  Dr.  William  Adams  was 
Master  of  Pembroke  College  and  Canon 
-of  Gloucester  from  1775  until  his  death  in 
1 789.  He  was  also  for  some  time  Archdeacon 
of  LlandafL  The  Ode  to  Liberty  had  been 
printed  in  the  preceding  March  under  the 
title  of  'Julii  Melesigoni  ad  Libertatem.* 
Tne  assumed  name  is  formed  by  a  trans- 
position of  the  letters  of  Gulielmus  Jonesius. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 


T.  L.  PEACOCK'S  '  ESSAY  ON 
FASHIONABLE     LITERATURE.1 

THIS  hitherto  unpublished  fragment,  to 
which  allusion  has  already  been  made  in 
the  pages  of  *  N.  &  Q.,'  is  the  only  work  of 
its  author  which  alludes  to  writers  and 
periodicals  under  their  own  names,  and  as 
such  is  an  invaluable  addition  to  our  know- 
ledge of  Peacock's  views  as  well  as  a  charac- 
teristic specimen  of  his  style.  It  is  contained 
an  vol.  36,815  of  the  MSS.  in  the  possession 
of  the  British  Museum.  Admirers  of  Peacock 
will  find  his  likes  and  dislikes  portrayed  in 
the  same  trenchant  style  that  the  novels 
•display,  and  the  explanation,  perhaps,  of 
difficulties  which  have  arisen  owing  to 
suppression  of  names.  The  first  part  of  it 
is  as  follows  : — 

"  The  fashionable  metropolitan  winter,  which 
begins  in  spring  and  ends  in  autumn,  is  the 
^season  of  happy  reunion  to  those  ornamental 
varieties  of  the  human  species  who  live  to  be 
amused  for  the  benefit  of  the  social  order.  It  is 
"the  season  of  operas  and  exhibitions,  of  routs 
^,nd  concerts,  of  dinners  at  midnight  and  suppers 
at  sunrise.  It  is  the  period  of  the  general  muster, 
the  levy  '  en  masse  '  of  gentlemen  in  stays  and 
Sadies  in  short  petticoats  against  their  arch  enemy 
Time.  But  these  are  the  arms  with  which  they 
assail  the  enemy  in  battalion  :  there  are  others 
with  which  in  moments  of  morning  solitude  they 
are  compelled  to  encounter  him  single-handed  ; 
and  one  of  these  weapons  is  the  reading  of  light 
and  easy  books  which  command  attention  with- 
out the  labour  of  application,  and  amuse  the 
idleness  of  fancy  without  disturbing  the  sleep  of 
-understanding. 

"  This  species  of  literature  which  aims  only  to 
amuse  and  must  be  very  careful  not  to  instruct  had 
never  so  many  purveyors  as  at  present :  for 
"there  never  was  any  state  of  society  in  which 
there  were  so  many  idle  persons  as  there  are  at 
present  in  England,  and  it  happens  that  these 
udle  persons  are,  for  the  most  part,  so  circum- 
stanced that  they  can  do  nothing  if  they  would, 
and,  in  the  next  place,  that  they  are  united  in  the 
links  of  a  common  interest  which,  being  based  in 
delusion,  makes  them  even  more  averse  than  the 
-well  -dressed  vulgar  always  are  from  the  free 
exercise  of  reason  and  the  bold  investigation  of 
truth 

"  That  the  faculty  of  amusing  should  be  the 
•only  passport  of  a  literary  work  in  the  hands  of 
; general  readers  is  not  very  surprising  even, 


especially  when  we  consider  that  the  English  are 
the  most  thinking  people  in  the  universe,  but  that 
the  faculty  of  amusing  should  be  as  transient  as 
the  gloss  on  a  new  coat  does  seem  at  first  view  a 
little  singular  :  for  though  all  fashionable  people 
read  (gentlemen  who  have  been  at  college  ex- 
cepted),  yet  as  the  soul  of  fashion  is  novelty,  the 
books  and  the  dress  of  the  season  go  out  of  date 
together,  and  to  be  amused  this  year  by  that 
which  amused  others  twelve  months  ago  would 
be  to  plead  guilty  to  the  heinous  charge  of  having 
lived  out  of  the  world 

"  The  stream  of  new  books,  therefore,  floats  over 
the  parlour  window  and  the  drawing-room  table 
to  furnish  a  ready  answer  to  the  grunt  of  Mr. 
Donothing  as  to  what  Mrs.  Dolittle  and  her 
daughters  are  reading,  and  having  served  this 
purpose,  and  that  of  putting  the  monster  Time 
to  a  temporary  death,  flows  peacefully  on  towards 
the  port  of  Lethe. 

"  The  nature  of  this  lighter  literature  and  the 
changes  which  it  has  undergone  with  the  fashions 
of  the  last  twenty  years  deserve  consideration  for 
many  reasons,  and  afford  a  subject  of  specula- 
tion which  may  be  amusing  and,  I  would  add, 
instructive,  were  I  not  fearful  of  terrifying 
my  readers  in  the  outset.  As  every  age  has  its 
own  character,  manners,  and  amusements,  which 
are  influenced  even  in  their  lightest  forms,  by  the 
fundamental  features  of  the  time,  the  moral 
and  political  character  of  the  age  or  nation 
may  be  read  by  an  attentive  observer,  even  in  its 
lightest  literature,  how  remote  soever  '  prima 
facie  '  from  morals  and  politics. 

"  The  newspaper  of  the  day,  the  favourite 
magazine  of  the  month,  the  tour,  the  novel,  and 
the  poem  which  are  most  recent  in  date  and  most 
fashionable  in  name,  furnish  forth  the  morning 
table  of  the  literary  dilettante.  The  springtide  of 
metropolitan  favour  floats  these  intellectual 
deliciae  into  every  minor  town  and  village  in  the 
kingdom,  where  they  circle  through  their  little 
day  in  the  eddies  of  reading  societies. 

"  It  may  be  questioned  how  far  the  favour  of 
fashionable  readers  is  a  criterion  of  literary  merit. 
It  is  certain  that  no  work  attracts  any  great  share 
of  general  attention  which  does  not  possess 
considerable  originality  and  great  power  to 
interest  and  amuse.  But  originality  will  some- 
times attract  notice  for  a  little  space,  as  Mr. 
Romeo  Loates  attracted  some  three  or  four 
audiences  by  the  mere  force  of  excessive  absur- 
dity ;  and  the  records  of  the  Minerva  Press  will 
shew  that  a  considerable  number  of  readers  can 
be  both  interested  and  amused  by  works  com- 
pletely expurgated  of  all  the  higher  qualities  of 
mind.  And  without  dragging  reluctant  dullness 
back  to-day,  let  us  only  consider  the  names  of 
Monk  Lewis  and  of  Kotzebue-^— they  have  sunk 
in  a  few  years  into  comparative  oblivion — and 
we  shall  see  that  the  condition  of  a  fashionable 
author  differs  very  little  in  stability  from  that  of 
a  political  demagogue. 

"  Mr.  Walter  Scott  seems  an  exception  to  this. 
Having  long  occupied  the  poetical  throne,  he 
seems  indeed  to  have  been  deposed  by  Lord 
Byron,  but  he  has  risen  with  redoubled  might 
as  a  novelist,  and  has  thus  continued  from  the 
publication  of  '  The  Lay  of  the  Last  Minstrel  ' 
the  most  popular  writer  of  his  time — perhaps 
the  most  universally  successful  in  his  own  day  of 
any  writer  that  ever  lived.  He  has  the  rare  talent 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  2,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


of  pleasing  all  ranks  and  classes  of  men,  from  the 
peer  to  the  peasant,  and  all  orders  and  degrees  of 
mind,  from  the  philosopher  to  the  man-milliner 
'  of  whom  nine  make  a  taylor.'  On  the  arrival 
of  '  Bob  Boy,'  as  formerly  on  that  of  '  Marmion,' 
the  scholar  lays  aside  his  Plato,  the  statesman 
suspends  his  calculations,  the  young  lady  deserts 
her  hoop,  the  critic  smiles  as  he  trims  his  lamp, 
thanking  God  for  his  good  fortune,  and  the 
weary  artisan  resigns  his  sleep  for  the  refreshment 
of  the  magic  page. 

"  Periodical  publications  form  a  very  prominent 
feature  in  this  transitory  literature  : — To  any  one 
who  will  compare  the  Beviews  and  Magazines  of 
the  present  day  with  those  of  thirty  years  ago, 
it  must  be  obvious  that  there  is  a  much  greater 
diffusion  of  general  talent  through  them  all  and 
more  instances  of  greater  individual  talent  in 
the  present  time  than  at  the  former  period  ;  and 
•at  the  same  time,  it  must  be  equally  obvious  that 
there  is  much  less  literary  honesty,  much  more 
illiberality  and  exclusiveness,  much  more  sub- 
division into  petty  gangs  and  factions,  much  less 
classicality  and  very  much  less  philosophy.  The 
stream  of  knowledge  seems*  spread  over  a  wider 
superficies,  but  what  it  has  gained  in  breadth  it  has 
lost  in  depth.  There  is  more  dictionary  learning, 
more  scientific  smattering,  more  of  that  kind  of 
knowledge  for  show  in  general  society — to  produce 
a  brilliant  impression  on  the  passing  hour  of 
literature,  and  less,  far  less,  of  that  solid  and 
laborious  research  which  builds  up  in  the  silence 
of  the  closet  and  is  the  destroyer  of  perishable 
fashions  of  mind,  the  strong  and  permanent 
structure  of  history  and  philosophy. 

"  The  two  principal  periodical  publications 
of  the  time — the  Edinburgh  and  Quarterly  Reviews — 
are  the  organs  and  oracles  of  the  two  great  political 
factions,  the  Whigs  and  Tories.  Their  extensive 
circulation  is  less  ascribable  to  any  marked 
superiority  either  of  knowledge  or  talent  which 
they  possess  over  their  minor  competitors  than 
to  the  curiosity  of  the  public  in  general  to  learn 
or  divine  from  these  semi-official  oracles  what  the 
said  two  parties  are  meditating.  The  Quarterly 
Review  and  The  Courier  newspaper  are  conducted 
on  the  same  principle  and  partly  by  the  same 
contributors.  These  are  the  hardy  veterans  of 
corruption.  The  British  Critic  and  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine  are  its  awkward  squad ;  The  Anti- 
jacobin  Review  and  The  New  Times  are  its  con- 
demned regiment. 

"The  country  gentleman  appears  to  be  in  the 
habit  of  considering  reviews  as  the  joint  pro- 
ductions of  a  body  of  men  who  meet  at  a  sort  of 
green  board  where  all  new  literary  productions, 
are  laid  before  them  for  impartial  consideration 
and  the  merits  of  each  having  been  fairly  can- 
vassed, some  aged  and  enlightened  censor  records 
the  opinion  of  the  council  and  promulgates  its 
definite  judgment  to  the  world.  The  mysterious 
we  '  of  the  invisible  assassin  converts  his  poisoned 
dagger  into  a  host  of  legitimate  broadswords. 
Nothing,  however,  can  be  more  removed  from  the 
facts.  Of  the  ten  or  twelve  articles  which  com- 
prise The  Edinburgh  Review,  one  is  manufactured 
on  the  spot,  another  comes  from  Aberdeen,  another 
from  Herefordshire,  another  from  the  coast  of 
Devon,  another  from  bonny  Dundee,  etc.,  etc., 
without  any  one  of  the  contributors  ever  knowing 
the  names  of  his  brethren  or  having  any  com- 
munication with  any  one  but  the  editor.  The 


only  point  of  union  among  them  is  respect  for  the 
magic  circle  drawn  by  the  compasses  of  faction 
and  nationality,  within  which  dullness  and 
ignorance  is  sure  of  favour,  and  without  which 
genius  and  knowledge  are  equally  certain  of 
neglect  or  persecution.  The  case  is  much  the 
same  with  The  Quarterly  Review,  except  that  the 
contributors  are  more  in  contact,  being  all,  more 
or  less,  kind  slaves  of  the  Government,  and,  for 
the  most  part,  gentlemen  pensioners  clustering 
round  a  common  centre  in  the  terrible  shape  of 
their  paymaster,  Mr.  Gifford.  This  publication 
contains  more  talent  and  less  principle  than  it 
would  be  easy  to  believe  coexistent." 

A.  B.  YOUNG,  M.A.,  Ph.D. 

(To  be  concluded.) 


THE  NATIONAL  FLAG.  —  Through  the 
courtesy  of  Lord  Knollys,  the  question, 
which  was  long  disputed,  as  to  the  right  of 
British  subjects  to  fly  on  land  the  Union 
Jack,  now  known  as  the  national  flag,  was 
finally  settled  in  the  pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.'' 
It  is  therefore  of  interest  to  make  a  per- 
manent record  of  the  official  notice  just 
issued  respecting  the  days  that  have  been 
appointed  for  the  hoisting  of  the  Union'  Jack 
on  Government  buildings,  the  period  being 
from  8  A.M.  till  sunset : — 

Feb.  20. — Birthday  of  the  Princess  Boyal. 

March  18. — Birthday  of  Princess  Louise, 
Duchess  of  Argyll. 

March  31. — Birthday  of  Prince  Henry. 

April  14. — Birthday  of  Princess  Henry  of 
Battenberg. 

April  25. — Birthday  of  Princess  Mary. 

May  1. — Birthday  of  the  Duke  of  Connaught. 

May  6. — Anniversary  of  His  Majesty's  Accession. 

May  25. — Birthday  of  Princess  Christian. 

May  26. — Her  Majesty's  Birthday. 

June  3. — His  Majesty's  Birthday. 

June  23. — Birthday  of  the  Duke  of  Cornwall. 

July  6. — Anniversary  of  their  Majesties'  wedding 
and  birthday  of  Princess  Victoria. 

July  12. — Birthday  of  Prince  John. 

Nov.  26. — Birthday  of  the  Queen  of  Norway. 

Dec.  1. — Birthday  of  Queen  Alexandra. 

Dec.  14. — Birthday  of  Prince  Albert. 

Dec.  20. — Birthday  of  Prince  George. 

The  national  flag  is  also  to  be  hoisted  at  the 
opening  and  closing  by  His  Majesty  of  the  sessions 
of  the  Houses  of  Parliament,  and  on  any  day 
appointed  for  the  official  celebration  of  His 
Majesty's  birthday,  should  such  celebration  not 
take  place  on  June  3. 

The  Boyal  Standard  is  only  to  be  hoisted  when 
the  King  or  the  Queen  is  actually  present  in  the 
building,  and  never  when  their  Majesties  are 
passing  it  in  procession. 

The  official  reference  to  the  Royal  Stand- 
ard confirms  the  intimation  given  to  us  in 
June,  1908,  by  Lord  Knollys. 

Our  beloved  Alexandra,  the  Queen-Mother, 
has  a  special  flag  of  her  own,  recently 
designed.  This  was  flown  for  the  first 


6 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  n.  JULY  2, 1910. 


time  from  Buckingham  Palace  (where  she 
is  in  residence)  on  Wednesday,  the  22nd  of 
June  ;  it  is  based  on  a  combination  of  the 
British  and  Danish  standards,  a  large 
cross  being  a  prominent  feature. 

JOHN  COLLINS  FBANCIS. 

[With  '  N.  &  Q.'  for  30  June,  1900,  was  issued 
a  Supplement  containing  a  coloured  illustration 
of  the  National  Flag,  and  an  article  by  Mr.  W.  H. 
St.  John  Hope.  This  Supplement  has  been  re- 
printed, and  can  be  obtained  from  the  office. 
Various  questions  connected  with  the  National 
Flag  are  discussed  at  9  S.  v.  414,  440,  457,  478  ; 
vi.  17,  31,  351,  451,  519  ;  -vii.  193  ;  viii.  67,  173  ; 
ix.  485  ;  x.  31,  94,  118  ;  xii.  327,  372,  398,  454, 
508  ;  10  S.  ix.  128,  154,  174,  255,  292,  396,  502, 
514  ;  x.  72,  130,  193,  331.  At  10  S.  ix.  502  is 
printed  the  letter  we  received  from  the  Tender 
Secretary  of  State  at  the  Home  Office  respecting 
the  use  of  the  National  Flag.] 

SIB  THOMAS  COOKE,  MAYOR  OF  LONDON. 
— The  '  D.N.B.*  article  on  this  civic  worthy 
is  not  very  satisfactory.  He  is  described 
.therein  as  "  Lord  Mayor,'1  which  is  certainly 
an  anachronism.  It  is  also  stated  in  the 
original  issue  of  the  '  D.N.B/  that  he  "  was 
elected  Alderman  of  Vintry  Ward  in  1454," 
and  discharged  from  his  office  of  Alderman  of 
Broad  Street  Ward  in  December,  1468,  but 
reinstated  in  "  the  following  year."  Now 
.his  election  for  Vintry  took  place  on  4 
October,  1456  (Journal  6,  fo.  107);  he  was 
removed  to  Broad  Street  in  1458,  discharged 
by  command  of  the  king  (Edward  IV.) 
21  November,  1468  (Journal  7,  fo.  182), 
and  again  elected  Alderman  (but  of  Bread 
Street,  not  Broad  Street)  in  October,  1470 
— not  1469,  as  "  the  following  year  "  of  the 
text  suggests  (Journal  7,  fo.  225b).  Some  of 
these  corrections  are  made,  at  my  instance, 
in  the  new  issue  of  the  'D.N.B.'  The 
writer  of  the  article  has  missed  the  fact  that 
Cooke  was  M.P.  for  London  in  the  Parlia- 
ment of  1460  ;  and  although  he  refers  to  him 
as  a  member  of  the  Parliament  of  1470, 
he  does  not  note  that  he  represented  the 
City  then,  as  at  the  earlier  date. 

"Sirn  John  Stockton  is  a  misnomer  in 
the  case  of  the  Mayor  to  whom  Cooke  acted 
as  Deputy  in  1470-71,  as  he  was  not  knighted 
until  after  Edward's  victory  at  Tewkesbury. 

I  do  not  know  upon  what  authority  Cooke 
is  stated  to  have  been  one  of  the  leaders  of 
the  Yorkist  party  in  the  City.  All  his 
later  associations  were  with  the  Lancastrians. 
He  had  married  the  daughter  of  Philip 
Malpas,  who  was  a  leading  Lancastrian ; 
he  was  ejected  from  his  Aldermanry  by  Ed- 
ward IV.,  and  restored  to  it  during  the 
short  interval  (1470-71)  of  Henry  VI.'s 
Restoration,  being  again  turned  out  on 


Edward's  return.  It  is  true  that,  as  is 
pointed  out  in  the  '  D.N.B./  he  was  made  a 
K.B.  by  Edward  IV.  in  May,  1465  ;  but  so 
also  at  the  same  time  was  John  Plomer,  who 
was  removed  from  his  Aldermanry  (and 
charged  with  treason,  on  account  of  his 
Lancastrian  sympathies)  in  1468,  a  few 
months  before  Cooke  himself.  It  is,  of 
course,  possible  that  Cooke  may  have  been 
a  leader  first  on  one  side  and  then  on  the 
other  ;  but,  if  so,  I  should  like  to  have 
more  certain  evidence  of  bis  early  Yorkist 
sympathies  than  the  article  in  the  '  D.N.B.' 
supplies.  ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 

Leamington. 

"  BULLION."— The  'N.E.D.'  tells  us  that 
this  word  is  first  recorded  in  the  Statutes  of 
the  Realm,  A.D.  1336,  where  it  is  spelt 
bullion,  as  now.  It  is  further  said  that  this 
form  "appears  to  point  to  identity  with 
F.  bouillon,'1  which  is  derived  from  F. 
bouillir  (A.F.  boillir),  to  boil. 

This  solution  is  as  good  as  settled  by  the 
fact  that,  in  another  MS.  of  the  above 
Statutes,  the  word  is  actually  spelt  boillon, 
the  connexion  of  which  with  the  A.F.  boillir 
cannot  easily  be  missed. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

PORTABLE  RAILWAY. — I  am  sorry  not  to 
find  in  the  '  N.E.D.'  a  reference  to  the 
patent  granted  5  Feb.,  1770,  to  "  Richard 
Lovell  Edge  worth,  of  Hare  Hatch  (Berks), 
Esq.  :  For  a  new  invented  Portable  Railway, 
or  Artificial  Road,  to  move  along  with  any 
Carriage  to  which  it  is  applied."  No  doubt 
that  sort  of  thing  is  re -invented  every  few 
years.  (See  '  Sixth  Report  of  Deputy 
Keeper,'  App.  II.  160.)  Q.  V. 

"  PEPITA,"  A  PATTERN. — A  recent  cause 
celebre  reminds  me  that  "  pepita  "  is  the 
name  of  the  well-known  pattern  of  small 
black-and-white  squares  in  Eastern  Europe 
(in  heraldry :  Chequy  sable  and  argent), 
and  that  it  was  called  after  a  famous  dancer 
of  the  name  of  Pepita  more  than  forty  or 
fifty  years  ago.  I  have  heard  English  school- 
boys call  it  "sponge  bags,"  as  these  useful 
articles  are  very  often  made  of  a  fabric  of 
the  same  pattern.  L.  L.  K. 

J.  R.  SMITH  :  DR.  W.  SAUNDERS. — The 
only  reference  in  Mrs.  Frankau's  'John 
Raphael  Smith  *  (1902)  to  a  portrait  of  Dr. 
Saunders  is  Smith's  exhibit  at  the  Royal 
Academy  of  1802  (No.  351).  There  is 
abundant  evidence  that  Smith  published 
an  engraving  of  this  portrait  by  himself, 
inasmuch  as  a  notice  of  it  appeared  in  The 
Monthly  Magazine,  July,  1803,  where  it  is 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  2, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


said  to  be  "  extremely  well  engraved.' 
In  Evans's  'Catalogue2  (No.  9291)  the 
portrait  is  described  as  three  quarters, 
sitting.  It  is  entirely  omitted  from  Mrs. 
Frankau's  '  Catalogue.''  When  the  engraving 
was  published  the  original  picture  was  in  the 
possession  of  Dr.  Curry,  physician  to  Guy's 
Hospital.  W.  ROBERTS. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to -affix  their- names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to.  them  direct. 


GEORGE  I.'s  STATUE  AT  HACKWOOD. — 
In  front  of  this  house  is  an  equestrian  figure, 
in  lead,  of  George  I.,  presented  by  him  to 
one  of  the  Dukes  of  Bolton  who  resided 
here  in  the  eighteenth  century.  I  think 
that  it  must  either  have  been  identical 
.with  or  have  closely  resembled  the  one  which 
I  remember  as  a  boy  in  Leicester  Square, 
and  which  came  to  such  an  ignominious  end. 

I  have  read  somewhere  that  there  was 
another  mounted  effigy  of  the  same  king, 
also  of  lead,  and  gilded,  which  stood  in 
front  of  Canons  in  Middlesex. 

Readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  have,  I  believe, 
made  a  study  of  the  question  of  royal  and 
other  statues  both  in  and  outside  of  London. 
I  wonder,  therefore,  if  they  could  refer  me 
to  any  sources  of  information  about  any  of 
these  figures,  or  could  tell  me  if  there  is 
any  statue  of  George  I.  now  surviving 
beyond  the  one  here. 

CURZON  OF  KEDLESTON. 
[Royal  and  other  statues  in  London  are  discussed 
at  considerable  length  at  10  S.  ix.  1, 102,  282, 363,  481 : 
x.  122,  211,  258,  290,  370,  491.] 

GARIBALDI  AND  HIS  FLAG. — The  late  Mr. 
Philip  Gilbert  Hamerton,  who  lived  long  in 
France,  near  Autun,  and  married  a  French- 
woman, wrote  in  his  charming  book  '  Round 
House*  a  very  strange  story  about 
Garibaldi  and  his  flag  during  the  Franco - 
German  War  of  1870. 

<i  n  T^u  idr  1  !aite^   his   arrival,"  says  Hamerton, 
Garibaldi  held  a  little  review  and  sat  in  a  carriage 

whilst  his  regiments  marched  past There  was 

unfolded  his  own  personal  Garibaldian  flag,  an 
invention  of  his  own,  a  very  original  invention  too, 
and.  one  not  by  any  means  calculated  to  reassure 
the  lovers  of  tranquillity.  It  was  all  red,  to 
begin  with,  red  as  the  Sanguinary  Revolution, 
this  is  a  colour  which  the  lovers  of  order 
Admire  only  when  it  is  worn  by  the  Princes  of 

^6vT     ijch<    On  ,the  flaS  were  none  ofc  the  devices 
heraldry,  no  •  lions,  nor   eagles,  nor  any  such 


picturings  of  the  old  illiterate  ages,  but  a  single 
word  in  great  legible  roman  capitals,  and  the  word 

PATATRAC  [SIC] 

And  when,  at  a  later  period,  I  heard  of  the 

smashing  and  crashing  that  was  effected  on  so  large 
a  scale  by  the  Communards,  of  the  falling  of  ruined 
palaces  and  streets,  of  the  upsetting  of  the  Vendome 
Column,  I  said  k  This  is  Garabaldi's  PatatracS  and 
that  word  on  the  banner  which  flapped  in  the 
November  wind  seemed  a  word  of  baleful  prophecy, 
a  sinister  suggestion  of  all  the  evil  that  was  to 
come."— Third  ed.,  pp.  389-90. 

Has  any  one  ever  seen  that  flag,  with  its 
queer  motto  ?     Is  it  mentioned  elsewhere  ? 
R.  DE  KERALLAIN. 
3,  Rue  de  la  Mairie,  Quimper,  Finistere. 

WILLIAM  PENN'S  LETTERS. — With  the 
endorsement  and  co-operation  of  the  His- 
torical society  "of  Pennsylvania,  I  hope  to 
arrange  for  the  publication  of  the  complete 
works  of  William  Penn.  I  shall  therefore 
be  glad  to  receive  information  concerning 
any  of  Penn's  letters  •  in  public  or  private 
collections.  Please  reply  direct. 

ALBERT  COOK  MYERS. 
Kentmere  Lodge,  Moylan,  Pennsylvania. 

ANDRONICTJS  LASCARIS  :  Music  To  ARIS- 
TOPHANES^— Is  it  known  who  of  the  Lascaris 
family  had  the  Christian  name  Andronicus  ? 
I  possess  a  Greek  manuscript,  apparently 
of  the  fifteenth  century,  containing  various 
classical  poetical  works,  which,  as  appears 
from  repeated  internal  evidence,  was  written 
by  one  Alexander  for  Andronicus  Lascaris. 
Though  'the  manuscript  is  late,  I  wish  to 
find  out  all  I  can  about  its  provenance,  seeing 
that  it  apparently  purports  (a  unique 
feature)  to  give  the  actual  music  of  a  portion 
of  one  of  the  choruses  of  Aristophanes. 

R.  JOHNSON  WALKER. 
Little  Holland  House,  Kensington,  W. 

DONNE'S  POEMS. — I  should  be  very 
grateful  if  any  of  the  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
could  give  me  information  on  the  following 
points. 

In  '  N.  &  Q.'  for  28  May,  1892  (8  S.  i.  440), 
T.  R.  O'FL.,  commenting  on  Grosart's 
edition  of  Donne,  says  that  he  has  in  his 
possession  two  copies  of  the  '  First  and  Second 
Anniversary,'  1612.  T.  R.  O'FL.  was,  I 
suppose,  the  T.  R.  O'Flahertie  •  whose 

ibrary  would  appear  to  have  been  broken 
up,  as  I  have  met  with  MSS.  which  have 
come  from  it.  Could  any  one  tell  me  where 

[  could  now  see  a  co^Sy  of  this  edition  of 
1612,  which  is  the  first  edition  of  the  Second 
Anniversary  ?  I  have  examined  and  col- 

ated  the  1611  edition  of  the  First  Anni- 
versary, but  I  cannot  find  that- of  161 2» 


8 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  IL  JULY  2, 1910. 


Could  any  one  tell  me  where  the  Hazle 
wood-Kingsburgh  MS.,  of  which  Grosart 
made  frequent  use  in  his  edition  of  Donne's 
poems,  now  is  ?  I  have  seen  a  description 
of  it  at  the  British  Museum,  but  cannot  trace 
its  whereabouts. 

I  should  be  obliged  for  information  re 
garding  any  MSS.  of  Donne's  poems  other 
than  those   which   I   know    of   in   London 
Oxford,  Cambridge,  Dublin,  and  Harvard 
and  for  permission  to  collate  such. 

H.  J.  C.  GRIERSON. 

University  of  Aberdeen. 

SPEXHALL  CHURCH. — Our  ancient  round 
tower  fell  in  1720.  Our  squire  is  about  to 
raise  it  up  again,  and  he  and  his  architect 
would  be  grateful  if  they  could  look  at  any 
picture  or  print  of  the  tower  as  it  formerly 
stood.  If  any  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.s  possess- 
ing the  information  would  kindly  com- 
municate with  me,  I  should  be  very  grateful. 
J.  GARFORTH,  Rector. 

Spexhall  Rectory,  Halesworth,  Suffolk. 

GEORGE  II.  :    POEM  ON  HIS  DEATH. — We 
are  in  possession  of  a  MS.  poem  (96  lines) 
'  On  the  Death  of  the  King '  (George  II.). 
The  opening  lines  are  as  under  : — 
Reclined  on  Camus'  rushy  fringed  banks, 
Which  slowly  roll'd  along  his  silent  stream, 
Striking  her  pensive  breast,  sad  Granta  thus 
Burst  forth  into  complaints.    Ye  sisters  nine,  &c. 
The  poem  is  in  a  contemporary  hand.     Can 
readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.1  assist  us  in  tracing  its 
author  ?  CHAS.  J.  SAWYER,  LTD. 

23,  New  Oxford  Street. 

CORNELIUS  DE  WITT. — Can  any  one  suggest 
how  I  can  find  the  intervening  generations 
between  Cornelius  de  Witt  (murdered  with 
his  brother  John  de  Witt  in  1672)  and  John 
Albra  de  Witt  ?  I  cannot  give  the  exact 
date  of  the  latter,  but  his  wife  Mary  was  born 
in  1734,  and  died  in  1814.  John  Albra  de 
Witt  was  a  sugar  merchant  in  London. 

CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 

Swallowfield  Park,  Reading. 

'  SIR  EDWARD  SEAWARD'S  NARRATIVE.' — 
Can  any  of  your  readers  give  me 
information  as  to  this  work  ?  It  has  run 
through  several  editions  ;  the  one  before  me 
is  1841.  It  is  edited  by  Miss  Jane  Porter, 
who  was  a  novelist,  and  is  mentioned  in 
the  *D.N.B.,J  and  professes  to  be  a  copy 
of  the  diary  of  the  above  Sir  Edward, 
which  was  written  in  the  years  1733-49. 

Sir  Edward  was  shipwrecked  on  some 
unknown  islands  near  the  Mosquito  Coast  of 
Central  America,  and  discovered  there  a 
pirates'  hoard. 


Can  any  one  inform  me  whether  this 
narrative  is  true,  or  whether  it  is  due  to  the 
imagination  of  Miss  Porter  or  the  friend  who 
lent  her  the  alleged  diary  ?  Kindly  reply 
direct.  H.  WILSON  HOLMAN. 

4,  Lloyd's  Avenue,  E.G. 

[Sir  Edward  Seaward  is  an  imaginary  character.] 

THE  CIRCLE  OF  LODA. — Will  any  reader  of 
'N.  &  Q.'  acquainted  with  Northern  myth- 
ology kindly  volunteer  information  con* 
cerning  the  Circle  of  Loda  ?  It  was,  I 
believe,  a  circle  of  stones  used  as  a  place 
of  worship  among  the  Scandinavians. 

A.  B.  YOUNG. 

DOGE'S  HAT. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
tell  me  the  correct  word  for  the  hat  or  cap 
of  office  worn  by  a  Doge  of  Venice,  as,  for 
instance,  in  Giovanni  Bellini's  '  Portrait  of 
Leonardo  Loredano  in  his  State  Robes  * 
in  the  National  Gallery  ?  M.  W.  B. 

'THE  DUENNA  AND  LITTLE  ISAAC.' — 
I  have  an  oval  stipple  engraving  (8^  in. 
by  7^  in.)  with  this  title,  engraved  by 
W.  P.  Carey  from  a  painting  by  T.  Row- 
landson.  "  The  duenna  **  is,  I  think,  Mrs. 
Billington.  Who  impersonated  "  Little 
Isaac  JJ  ?  Who  was  the  author  of  this  play  2 

ISRAEL  SOLOMONS. 
118,  Sutherland  Avenue,  W. 

HUGUENOT  CHURCH  AT  PROVINS. — A  paper 
was  issued  this  spring,  by  a  Mr.  Williamson, 
in  which  was  described  the  rise  of  the 
Huguenot  Church  at  Provins,  Seine  et 
Marne.  If  any  readers  know  in  what 
periodical  it  appeared,  or  anything  about 
it,  they  will  much  oblige  the  undersigned  by 
giving  the  wished-for  information. 

(Mile.)  A.  IHIRION. 

35,  Paulton's  Square,  S.W. 

PRINCE  EUGENE  OF  SAVOY. — With  regard 
to  the  lists  of  public  statues  which  have 
appeared  in  'N.  &  Q.?  of  late,  what  has 
become  of  the  statue  of  this  famous  general, 
who,  in  conjunction  with  Marlborough, 
gained  some  of  the  most  decisive  and 
splendid  victories  in  our  military  history  ? 
[t  was  by  Kent,  and  there  are  two  drawings 
of  it  in  the  Crace  Collection,  British  Museum. 
[t  stood  in  Carlton  House  Gardens. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 
Wroxton  Grange,  Folkestone. 

COMMONWEALTH  GRANTS  OF  ARMS. — The 
Proceedings  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries 
for  the  1st  of  April,  1897,  contains  grants  of 
arms  to  William  Howe,  1651,  John  Cooke, 
1653,  and  Thomas  Moore,  1654.  I  have  been. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  2,  i9io.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


9 


informed  that  none  of  the  republican  grant 
now  remain  in  the  Heralds'  College.  D 
they  exist  elsewhere,  either  in  the  origina 
grants  or  in  any  other  form  ?  It  is  not  to  b( 
questioned  that  a  large  number  of  grant 
were  issued  during  that  period,  and  it 
almost  certain  that  some  of  the  arms  no* 
in  use  had  their  origin  in  this  source. 

L.  S.  M. 

PARISH  REGISTERS  BURNT  IN  1837. — Is 
any  record  to  be  found  of  the  destruction 
by  fire  of  the  registers  in  a  parish  church 
soon  after  16  October,  1837  ?  This  church 
was  probably  in  Sussex,  and  perhaps  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Lewes. 

HENRY  W.  POOK,  Col. 
121,  Hither  Green  Lane,  Lewisham,  S.E. 

STONES  IN  EARLY  VILLAGE  LIFE. — What 
part  did  large  stones  play  in  early  village 
life  ?  They  must  have  had  some  signifi- 
cance, to  judge  by  the  care  that  was  taken 
of  them  and  the  fact  that  they  entered  into 
the  construction  of  place-names.  Here  in 
Eastern  Hertfordshire,  for  example,  we  have 
three  places  which  derive  part  of  their 
titles  from  still  existing  stones — Standon 
(or  Stondon,  as  it  was  originally  called), 
Walton-at-Stone,  and  Stonebury,  the  last 
now  only  a  farm-house.  There  are  two 
other  -stans,  Stanstead  and  Stanborough, 
but  there  appear  to  be  no  stones  visible  in 
connexion  with  them. 

The  subject  has  perhaps  been  dealt  with 
before ;  if  so,  references  will  be  valued. 

W.  B.  GERISH. 
Bishop's  Stortford. 

[Stones  are,  of  course,  widely  connected  with 
pre-Christian  religion  and  astronomy.] 

PRIOR'S  SALFORD  CHURCH  :  CLARKE 
MONUMENTS.— In  1874  the  Rev.  Thos. 
Procter  Wadley,  Rector  of  Naunton  Beau- 
champ,  co.  Worcester,  prepared  a  paper, 
under  the  name  of  "  Vestigans,"  upon  the 
above.  I  possess  a  copy,  privately  printed 
in  recent  years,  but  wish  to  know  if  the 
paper  ever  appeared  in  the  proceedings  of 
any  local  society.  R.  S.  B. 

CLERGY  RETIRING  FROM  THE  DINNER- 
TABLE. — In  'Esmond'  Thackeray  alludes 
to  the  custom  of  the  clergy  retiring  from 
the  dinner-table  at  the  entrance  of  the 
sweets.  What  was  the  significance  of  the 
custom  ?  When  did  it  commence,  and  fall 
into  desuetude  ?  Did  the  prohibition  extend 
to  bishops  and  archbishops  ? 

ENQUIRER. 


HEWORTH  :  ITS  ETYMOLOGY. — Can  any 
of  your  readers  kindly  say  what  was  the 
origin  of  the  name  Heworth,  a  suburb  of 
York  ?  It  is  styled  ' '  Heuuarde  '•*  in  Domes- 
day Book  :  Orm  had  land  there.  SADI. 

EDW.  HATTON. — Who  and  what  was  he  ? 
There  is  a  portrait  of  him  engraved  by 
W.  Sherwin.  XYLOGRAPHER. 

SIR  ISAAC'S  WALK. — In  the  business  part 
of  Colchester  there  is  a  thoroughfare  known 
as   Sir  Isaac's  Walk.     Who   was  the  local 
celebrity  whose  name  is  thus  celebrated  ? 
M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

EPISCOPAL  VISITATIONS  :  ARTICLES  OF 
INQUIRY. — Can  any  correspondent  refer 
me  to  publications  containing  articles  of  the 
following  bishops  ? — 

Bell,  of  Worcester,  1540. 

Wakeman,  of  Gloucester,  1541. 

Hoper,  of  Gloucester,  1550. 

Brooks,  of  Gloucester,  1554. 

Cheyney,  of  Gloucester,  1562. 

Bullingham,  of  Gloucester,  1581. 

Goldsborough,  of  Gloucester,  1598. 

Ravis,  of  Gloucester,  1604. 

F.    S.    HOCKADAY. 
Highbury,  Lydney. 

CHAPEL  LE  FRITH.  —  Could  any  of  your 
correspondents  give  me  trustworthy  infor- 
mation as  to  the  meaning  of  "  le  Frith  " 
in  the  place-name  Chapel  le  Frith  ?  I  have 
been  told  that  the  name  means  "  Chapel  in 
the  Wood,'*  but  my  informant  could  not 
explain  how  this  meaning  was  arrived  at. 
Here  in  Devon  we  are  familiar  with  the  word 
vraith,  and  in  Somerset  they  have  vreath, 
which  is  usually  applied  to  the  brushwood 
cut  for  firing.  Is  it  possible  that  frith  may 

e  the  harder  northern  pronunciation  of  the 
ame  word  ?  OSWALD  J.  REICHEL. 

Alaronde,  Lympstone. 

["Le"  is  probably  "near,"  as  explained  earlier  in 
N.  &  Q.'] 

M.  DE  CALONNE'S  HOUSE  IN  PICCADILLY. — 
in  that  excellent  work  *  Round  About 

Piccadilly  and  Pall  Mall '  Mr.  H.  B.  Wheatley 
t  p.  37  identifies  Nos.  146  and  147  as  cover- 
ng  the  site  of  the  handsome  building  erected 
>y  Charles  Alexandre  de  Calonne  when  he 

fled  to  this  country  in  1787.  It  may  be  of 
nterest  to  note  that  the  contents  of  the 

mansion  were  sold  13  May,  1793,  and  eleven 
ollowing  days  by  Skinner  &  Dyke,  on  the 
jremises,  "  the  extremity  of  Piccadilly.'* 
?he  pictures  were  not  included  in  this  cata- 


10 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  IL  JULY  2, 1910. 


logue,  so  presumably  they  were  sold  at  the 
date  named  by  Mr.  Wheatley — March,  1795. 
Was  this  sale  also  held  on  the  premises  ? 
-It  is  said  ('  Memorials  of  Christie's,'-  W. 
Roberts,  i.  19)  to  have  been  conducted  by 
the  same  firm.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

PRINCE  RUPERT. — There  is  a  legend  that 
the  Prince,  riding  by  Shepperton  Church, 
fired  a  pistol  at  the  weathercock  and  hit  it. 
This  being  considered  an  accident  he  fired 
again,  and  brought  the  weathercock  down. 
I  cannot  find  any  authority  for  this  story, 
and  ask  for  help.  J.  J.  FREEMAN. 

GOLDSMITH  AND  HACKNEY. — It  appears 
that  Oliver  Goldsmith  in  1762  was  lodging 
in  Canonbury.  Is  there  any  record  extant 
of  the  celebrated  dramatist  showing  his 
occasional  visits  to  the  neighbouring  village 
of  Hackney.  Milton  and  Charles  Lamb  are 
connected  with  this  old  borough,  and  I  am 
anxious  to  discover  whether  Samuel  Johnson 
and  Goldsmith  and  their  coterie  paid  occa- 
sional trips  to  its  rustic  shrines. 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 


GEORGE  BUBB  DODINGTON  AND  HIS 

LITERARY  CIRCLE. 
(10  S.  xii.  461,  504;  11  S.  i.  70,  443.) 
I  HAVE  a  long  series  of  letters  from  Charles 
Ray  (domestic  chaplain  to  Robert  Butts, 
Bishop  of  Ely)  from  1722  to  1750,  written 
to  his  cousin,  my  great-grandfather,  Samuel 
Kerrich,  D.D.,  Vicar  of  Dersingham,  Nor- 
folk. In  the  course  of  a  long  letter,  dated 
29  August,  1741,  Ray  says  :  "  The  Dialogue 
between  Earle  and  Doddington  is  admired 
in  that  it  is  so  like  Earle's  manner  of  ex- 
pressing himself."  I  have  no  means  of 
ascertaining  whether  this  peculiar  example 
of  the  literature  of  the  time  has  ever  ap- 
peared in  print.  It  is  as  follows  : — 

A  DIALOGUE  BETWEEN  G.  EARLE,  ESQ.,  AND  B 

DODDINGTON.     1741. 

E.     My  Dear  Pall  Mall,  I  hear  you  are   got  in 

Favour 
And  please  the  Duke  by  your  late  damnd 

Behaviour, 

I  live  with  Walpole— You  live  at  his  Grace's, 
And  thus  thank  Heaven  we  have  exchangd 

our  Places. 
D.     Yes— on  the  great  Argyle  I  often  wait, 

At  charming  Sudbrook,  or  in  Bolton  Street : 
In  Wit,  or  Politics,  he  is  good  at"  either, 
.     We  pass  our  independent  Hours  together  ! 


D. 


E. 


D. 


D. 


D. 


E. 


By  G-d  that 's  heavenly !  so  in  turn  you  talk, 
And  round  the  Groves  at  charming  Sudbrook 

walk  ; 

And  hear  the  Cuckow  and  the  Linnet  Sing, 
Lord    G-d  ! — that 's    vastly  pleasant    in  the 

Spring. 

Dear  Witty  Marlborow  street,  for  once  be  wise , 
Nor  Happiness  you  never  knew  despise. 
You  ne'er  enjoyd  the  Triumph  of  Disgrace, 
Nor  felt  the  Dignity  of  Loss  of  Place. 
Not  lost  my  Place  !   yes  but  I  did  by  G-d  ! 
Tho'  yr  Description  on't  is  mighty  Odd  : 
/  felt  no  Triumph,  found  no  Dignity, 
/  cryd,  and  so  did  all  my  Family. 
Wliat !  shed  a  Tear  because  you  lost  a  Place  ! 
Sure  tliou  art  the  lowest  of  the  lowest  Race, 
God's  !   is  there  not  in  Politics  a  time, 
When  keeping  Places  is  the  greatest  Crime  ? 
Yes,  Yes,  that  Doctrine  I  have  learnt  long 

since, 

I  once  resign'd  my  Place  about  the  Prince, 
But  then  I  did  it  for  a  better  Thing, 
And  got  by  that  the  Green  Cloth  for  the  King. 
Thou  hast  no  Taste  for  popular  Applause, 
Which   follows   those   that   join   in   Virtue's 

Cause  : 

Argyle  and  I  are  prais'd  by  every  Tongue, 
The  Burden  of  each  free  born  Briton's  Song  ! 
You,    and   the    Duke. — d'ye   think   you   are 

popular  ? 

By  G-d  they  lye  that  tell  you  that  you  are  : 
Walpole  now.  has  got  the  Nation's  Voice 
The  People's  Idol,  and  their  Monarch's  Choice  ! 
When  the  Excise  Scheme  shall  no  more  be1 

blam'd, 

When  the  Convention  shall  no  more  be  nam'd, 
Then  shall  your  Minister  and  not  till  then, 
Be  popular  with  unbrib'd  Englishmen. 
The    Excise    and    the    Convention  !      D-mn 

your  Blood  ! 
You  voted  for  them  both,  and  thought  them 

good  : 

Or  did  not  like  the  Triumph  of  Disgrace, 
And  gave  up  your  Opinion,  not  your  Place. 
To  Freedom  and  Argyle  I  turn  my  Eyes  1 
For  them  I  fell,  for  them  I  hope  to  rise, 
And  after  Years  in  Ignominy  spent, 
I  own  my  Crime, — I  blush, — and  dare  repent. 
Sr  of  Repentance  there's  one  charming  kind, 
But  that's  the  voluntary  and  resign'd  : 
Yours  is  a  damn'd  enforc'd  Reluctance, 
A  Newgate  Malefactor's  after  Sentence  : 
Who  sighs  because  he  has  lost  the  power  to 

sin, 

As  you  repent,  that  you're  no  longer  in. 
But  since  we  are  Rhiming,  pray  for  once  hear 

me 

Whilst  I  like  other  Poets  prophesy  : 
Whenever  Walpole  dies,  (and  not  before) 
Then  shall  Arg— e  come  into  power  : 
And  when  he  shall  be  paid  his  long  Arrear, 
And  got  once  more  £9000  P'  year. 
\Vhen  every  Campbell  that  attends  his  Grace, 
Shall  be  restor'd  to  Parliament  and  Place, 
WThen  every  Scotch  man  in  his  train  is  serv'd, 
One  English  man  may  chance  to  be  preferrd. 
This  is  a  truth,  I  know  it  to  my  Cost, 
Tis  he  can  tell  it  who  has  felt  it  most. 

ALBERT  HABTSHOBNE. 


ii  B.  ii.  JULY  2,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


11 


'  RAPE  OF  PROSERPINE,'  BY  PAUL  VERON- 
ESE (11  S.  i.  328,  398). — I  have  compiled, 
but  not  yet  published,  a  classified  list  of 
Italian  pictures  (earlier  than  1580)  with 
subjects  relating  to  ancient  mythology  and 
history ;  so  I  am  able  to  assert  that  Paul 
Veronese  never  painted  '  The  Rape  of 
Proserpine.'  The  subject  occurs  in  the 
School  of  Lionardo,  and  was  also  treated 
by  Dosso  Dossi  (Mells  Park),  Padovanino 
(Venice  Academy),  and  Jacopo  Bassano 
(Doria  Panfili  Gallery).  A  beginner  may 
have  taken  the  last-named  picture  (photo- 
graphed by  Anderson,  No.  5363)  for  a  Paul 
Veronese.  S.  REINACH. 

Paris,  4,  Rue  de  Traktir. 

LONDON  CHILDREN'S  OUTDOOR  GAMES 
(11  S.  i.  483).— From  PRINCIPAL  SALMON'S 
list  I  miss  the  following  : — 

1.  Woggle,   a   game   on,  the   principle   of 
cricket,   but  played  with  a  short  piece  of 
wood  instead  of  a  ball,  and  holes  instead  of 
wickets. 

2.  Tip -cat,    which   I   saw   played   a   few 
days  ago  in  a  City  lane. 

3.  Prisoners'  base.  WM.  H.  PEET. 

"  ARABIS  "  :  "  THLASPI  "  (11  S.  i.  406).— 
' '  Arabis  "  is  presumably  the  Greek  'Apa/fts. 
It  could  not  be  for  "  [in]  Arabis  locis," 
though  strange  things  have  happened  before 
now  in  botanical  nomenclature.  0Aao-7ri? 
(or  0A.ao-7rt)is  explained  by  Pape  and  Liddell 
and  Scott  as  a  kind  of  cress,  the  seeds  of 
which  were  crushed  and  used  as  mustard. 
They  offer  a  derivation  from  0A.ao>  (crush). 
Liddell  and  Scott  give  as  a  further  sug- 
gestion ' '  shepherd's  purse."  Bishop  Cooper, 
'  Thesaurus  Linguae  Romanse  et  Britannicae,' 
1573,  has,  s.v.  Thlaspi  (which  is  there  spelt 
Thlapsi),  "  An  herbe  called  also  Nasturtium 
tectorum,  Capsella,  and  Scandulacium.  It 
hath  the  smacke  of  mustarde  seede,  and 
therefore  it  is  called  Sinapi  rusticum." 
Bailey's  '  Forcellini '  calls  thlaspi  "  mithridate 
pustard."-  ' '  Drabe  "  is  described  in  Faber's 
'  Thesaurus  '  as  "  nasturtium  orientale." 

To  determine  the  precise  equivalents  in 
modern  scientific  classification  to  the  terms 
employed  by  Greeks  and  Romans  to  de- 
scribe their  own  fauna  and  flora  is  a  very 
difficult  business.  An  interesting  work  in 
this  line  is  Prof.  D'Arcy  Thompson's 
'.Glossary  of  Greek  Birds,'  published  some 
years  ago  by  the  Clarendon  Press.  But  one 
may  sympathize  with  the  practical  method 
said  to  have  been  followed  as  an  under- 
graduate by  a  distinguished  Cambridge 
classical  scholar,  who,  as  the  legend  runs, 


when  under  examination  made  a  point  of 
translating  every  Greek  or  Latin  name  for  a 
bird  by  siskin,  and  every  name  for  a  tree 
(or  plant  1)  by  galingale. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

[Replies  also  acknowledged  from  MB.  JOHN 
HODGKIN  and  MR.  TOM  JONES.] 

"TEART"  (11  S.  i.  466,  497).— This  word 
is  in  use  in  North  Wiltshire  at  the  present 
time  (Lhave  heard  it  several  times  recently) 
with  the  significance  of  something  "  sharp.'* 

It  is  described  in  '  A  Glossary  of  Words 
used  in  the  County  of  Wiltshire,'  by  Y.  E. 
Dartnell  and  the  Rev.  E.  H.  Goddard  : 

1,  painfully    tender — sore,    as    a    wound  ; 

2,  stinging,  as  a  blister  ;    3,  tart,  as  beer 
turning  sour. 

See  also  Aubrey,  '  Nat.  Hist.  Wilts,'  p.  22, 
"it  is  so  cold  and  tort"  applied  to  a  river, 
and  "  it  is  so  acrimonious,''1  p.  28. 

T.  S.  M. 

I  have  met  with  the  word  "  teart  "-  in 
Gloucestershire,  where  it  means  something 
that  smarts  or  is  painful.  If  any  one  is 
suffering  from  a  wound  or  a  sore  spot,  the 
question  there  will  be,  not  "  Does  it  hurt  ?  " 
but  "Is  it  teart  ?  n  as  an  expression  of  sym- 
pathy. J.  BAGNALL. 

Is  not  this  word  the  adjective  "  teart  " 
used  as  a  substantive  ?  The  word  (pro- 
nounced "  teert  ")  used  to  be  continually 
heard  in  Gloucestershire  when  I  lived  in 
the  Cotswold  district,  and  can  hardly  have 
become  obsolete  yet.  A  painful  cut,  boil, 
or  wound,  too  tender  to  be  touched,  was 
always  described  as  "  terrible  teart."  The 
stinging  sensation  inflicted  by  severe  cold 
would  often  draw  forth  some  such  greeting 
as  "  Zharp  this  marnin',  zur,  yent  it  ?  I 
d'vind  it  main  teart  to  the  vengers.'* 

CHARLES  GILLMAN. 
Church  Fields,  Salisbury. 

BUFF  AND  BLUE  AS  PARTY  COLOURS  (US. 
i.  486). — I  am  glad,  in  response  to  W.  M.'s 
request,  not  only  to  point  to,  but  supply, 
an  early  allusion  to  Mrs.  Crewe's  historic 
toast,  which  should  fairly  be  held  to  settle 
the  matter  as  against  either  "  that  rascal 
Wraxall  "  or  any  subsequent  narrator  who 
trusted  to  hearsay  or  memory.  In  Parker's 
General  Advertiser  of  20  May,  1784,  it  was 
recorded  : — 

"  Mrs.  Crew's  Ball  in  honour  of  Mr.  Fox's 
victory,  was  the  most  pleasant  and  jovial  ever 
given  in  the  circle  of  high  life  ;  and  united  all  the 
charms  of  elegance,  ease,  and  conviviality.  The 
company  (which  included  the  Prince  of  Wales) 
was  select,  though  numerous,  and  assembled 


12 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  n.  JULY  2, 1910. 


about  ten  o'clock  in  blue  and  buff  uniforms. . . . 
After  supper  Captain  Morrice  was  placed  in  the 
chair,  and  sang  the  '  Baby  and  Nurse  '  in  his 
very  best  stile,  and  the  Fair  Assembly  chorussed 
with  the  most  heartfelt  spirit.  The  Ladies  then 
drank  his  health,  and  cheered  him  three  times 
with  true  festive  glee  ;  upon  which  Captain  M., 
after  thanking  the  fair  company  for  the  honour  of 
their  charming  approbation,  gave  as  a  toast — 

Buff  and  Blue,  and  Mrs.  Crew  ; 
which  Mrs.  Crew  very  smartly  returned  in  a  glass 
with — 

Buff  and  Blue,  and  all  of  you." 

This  disposes  of  the  more  romantic  story 
of  how  the  Prince  of  Wales  (afterwards 
George  IV.) 

"  after  supper  concluded  a  speech  sparkling 
with  gallantry  by  proposing,  amidst  rapturous 
acclamation  : 

Buff  and  Blue, 

And  Mrs.  Crewe. 
To  which  the  lady  merrily  replied  : 

Buff  and  Blue, 

And  all  of  you." 

But  it  is  easy,  of  course,  to  see  how  a  tale;pf 
this  kind  grows  with  gossip. 

ALFRED    F.    BOBBINS. 

FLAX  BOURTON  (11  S.  i.  389,  438,  497). — 
The  explanation  of  a  place-name  does  not 
depend  upon  whether  it  is  acceptable  or  not. 
It  depends  solely  upon  evidence. 

The  guess  that  Bourton  is  short  for 
Bournton  is  idle  ;  for  if  this  were  the  case, 
such  a  spelling  could  be  found.  And  there 
would  then  be  evidence,  and  speculation 
would  cease. 

Meanwhile,  we  know  that  the  name  is 
not  uncommon.  There  is  a  Bourton  in 
Berkshire,  and  another  in  Gloucestershire, 
both  found  in  Anglo-Saxon  charters. 

In  Birch,  '  Cartularium  Saxonicum,'  i.  516, 
in  a  charter  dated  821,  we  find  "  Scriuen- 
ham,  Burgtun,'1  &c.  This  refers  to  Bourton 
near  Shrivenham,  Berkshire,  in  which  Bour- 
stands  for  burg,  another  spelling  of  burh, 
which  is  now  spelt  borough.  It  therefore 
means  *'  borough -to  wn.n 

In  the  same,  iii.  37,  we  find  "  to  burhtune"; 
where  burhtune  is  the  dative  of  burhtun,  as 
above.  The  reference  is  to  Bourton-on- 
the-Water  in  Gloucestershire.  Hence  this 
likewise  means  "  borough -to\vn.n 

These  two  independent  examples  at  once 
establish  the  probability  that  the  same 
explanation  is  applicable  to  other  cases. 

The  spelling  with  ou  proves  nothing  at  all ; 
Burton  is  a  form  that  arose  in  the  thirteenth 
century,  and  Bourton  is  a  later  form, 
commoner  in  the  fourteenth  and  fifteenth 
centuries.  This  is  easily  verified  by  referring 
to  the  'N.E.D.*  or  to  Stratmann.  In 


Chaucer's  'Wife  of  Bath's  Tale,'  D.  870, 
we  find  the  plural  burghes ;  and  in  '  Lyd- 
gate's  Minor  Poems,'  p.  210,  we  find  the 
plural  bourghes.  The  modern  pronunciation 
is  no  sure  guide,  because  in  a  large  number 
of  instances  it  has  been  affected  by  the 
insinuating  influence  of  the  usual  spelling. 

Any  one  who  desires  further  information 
will  find  it  in  Ellis's  great  work  on  '  English 
Pronunciation  *  ;  he  convincingly  shows 
that  the  Anglo-Saxon  u  was  replaced  by  the 
Norman  ou  in  hundreds  of  instances,  chiefly 
in  the  thirteenth  century  or  later. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

DUNCAN  LIDDEL  AND  Jo.  POTINIUS 
(11  S.  i.  447).  —  Dr.  Irving,  in  a  brief 
sketch  of  Duncan  Liddel  contained  in  his 
'  Lives  of  Scottish  Writers, *  implies  that  he 
wrote  various  mathematical  and  astro- 
nomical treatises  as  well  as  the  medical 
publications  which  generally  appear  after 
his  name.  The  *  Propositiones  Astronomicse  l 
was  no  doubt  one  of  the  treatises  to  which 
Irving  refers.  His  sketch,  however,  deals 
mainly  with  the  medical  works  which  Liddel 
produced.  Potinius  is  not  mentioned ; 
neither  is  Schindler  nor  Volcer.  Even 
Moreri  apparently  knows  them  not. 

Is  there  not  some  mistake  about  Schindler? 
No.  10  in  MR.  ANDERSON'S  query  appears 
to  be  the  title  of  some  sort  of  funeral  oration 
or  order  of  service  at  the  death  of  Schindler 
in  1604.  Yet  in  Darling's  *  Cyclopaedia 
Biblio graph  ica  *  it  is  distinctly  stated  that 
Prof.  Valentine  Schindler  of  Helmstadt  did 
not  die  until  1611,  some  years  after  Liddel 
had  returned  to  Scotland.  Which  of  the 
two  dates — 1604  or  1611 — is  correct  ?  Or 
were  there  two  professors  named  Schindler 
in  succession  at  Helmstadt  ?  W.  SCOTT. 

WALL-PAPERS  (11  S.  i.  268,  350).— The 
printing  of  paper  for  wall  coverings  seems 
to  have  become  an  established  industry  in 
England  at  the  close  of  the  seventeenth 
century.  Houghton,  *  A  Collection  for  Im- 
provement of  Industry  and  Trade,*  30  June, 
1699,  states  : — 

"  The  next  in  course  is  printing,  which  is  said  to 
be  known  in  China  and  other  eastern  countries  long 
before  it  was  known  in  Europe  :  But  their  printing 
was  cutting  their  letters  upon  blocks  in  whole  pages 
or  forms,  as  among  us  our  wooden  pictures  are  cut : 
And  a  great  deal  of  paper  is  now-a-days  so  printed 
to  be  pasted  upon  walls,  to  serve  instead  of  hang- 
ings ;  and  truly  if  all  parts  of  the  sheet  be  well  and 
close  pasted  on,  it  is  very  pretty,  clean,  and  will 
last  with  tolerable  care  a  great  while;  but  there 
are  some  other  done  by  rolls  in  long  sheets  of  thick 
paper  made  for  the  purpose,  whose  sheets  are 
pasted  together  to  be  so  long  as  the  height  of  a 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  2,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


room;  and  they  are  managed  like  woollen  hangings; 
and  there  is  a  great  variety  with  curious  cuts  which 
are  cheap,  and  if  kept  from  wet,  very  lasting." 

In  1702  wall-paper  is  advertised  in  The 
Postman : — 

"  At  the  Blue  Paper  Warehouse  in  Aid  erm  anbury 
(and  nowhere  else)  in  London,  are  sold  the  true 
sorts  of  figur'd  Paper  Hangings,  some  in  pieces  of 
12  yards  long,  others  after  the  manner  of  real 
Tapistry,  others  in  imitation  of  Irish  stitch,  flower'd 
Damasks,  &c." 

In  1752  The  Covent  Garden  Journal 
states  : — 

"Our  printed  paper  is  scarcely  distinguished 
from  the  finest  silk,  and  there  is  scarcely  a  modern 
house  which  hath  not  one  or  more  rooms'  lined  with 
this  furniture." 

RHYS  JENKINS. 

SHAKESPEAKE  :  "MONTJOY  ET  ST.  DEN- 
NIS ??  (11  S.  i.  447).— At  the  Battle  of  Agin- 
court  in  1415,  when  a  certain  knight  of 
France  hurled  himself  and  his  horsemen  upon 
the  English  archers,  his  battle-cry  was 
"Montjoie!  St.  Denis!"  This  incident, 
derived  from  contemporary  chroniclers,  and 
related  in  several  popular  English  histories, 
proves  that  the  French  war-cry  must  have 
been  in  use  long  before  Shakespeare's  day. 
See  Brewer's  'Dictionary  of  Phrase  and 
Fable,'  p.  856.  According  to  Brewer,  even 
the  kings  of  England  had  as  their  war-cry 
"  Montjoie  St.  George."  W.  S.  S. 

"WORTH"  IN  PLACE-NAMES  (11  S.  i, 
389,  458). — A  more  probable  derivation  of 
the  word  is  that  from  O.E.  weorthan,  pre- 
served in  Scott's  "Woe  worth  the  chase,'s 
&c.  It  thus  corresponds  to  the  Norfolk 
a  Being,  familiar  to  readers  of  '  David  Copper  - 
field,  and  more  satisfactorily  explains  such 
words  as  Padworth,  Tadworth,  the  place 
of  toads  or  frogs.  Cp.  Molesworth  ? 

H.  P.  L. 

LONDON  TAVERNS  IN  THE  SEVENTEENTH 
CENTURY  :  "  THE  COCK  TAVERN  "  (10  S. 
xii.  127,  190,  254,  414  ;  11  S.  i.  190,  472).— 
There  is,  I  think,  a  slight  error  in  MR.  UDAL'S 
interesting  reminiscences  of  "  The  Cock " 
in  Fleet  Street.  He  says  that  "the  gilt 
effigy  "  (claimed  to  be  of  Grinling  Gibbons's 
carving)  "reappeared  in  its  old  place  over 
the  doorway  "  of  the  premises  occupied  on 
the  south  side  of  Fleet  Street,  which  were 
built  in  the  place  of  the  old  tavern  on  the 
north  side.  The  Cock  sign,  however,  outside 
22,  Fleet  Street,  is,  I  believe,  but  a  facsimile 
of  the  original,  now  in  the  grill-room. 
This  I  learnt  from  personal  inquiries  some  ten 
years  ago,  and  I  was  informed  that  a  portion 
of  the  original  bird  had  been  cut  away,  for 


the  purpose  of  more  conveniently  fixing  it 
in  its  place. 

A  few  years  before  the  reign  of  the  "  plump 
head  waiter,'*  a  pleasant  picture  of  the 
tavern  is  afforded  by  a  peep  into  '  The 
Epicure's  Almanack  '  of  1815  : — 

"  How  we  came  to  think  of  the  Cock  at  Temple 
Bar,  by  daylight,  we  cannot  tell.  It  has  the  best 
porter  in  London,  fine  poached  eggs  and  other 
light  things  seldom,  called  for  before  seven  or 
eight  hi  the  evening.  There  are  two  good  reasons 
for  this  :  Istly,  the  room  at  Mid-day  is  almost  as 
dark  as  Erebus,  so  that  the  blazing-faced  Bar- 
dolph  himself  would  hardly  be  able  to  quaff  a 
tankard  by  the  light  of  his  own  countenance. 
2ndly,  the  situation  of  the  Cock  is  just  half  way 
between  the  heart  of  the  city  and  the  purlieus  of 
Covent  Garden  and  Drury  Lane ....  One  box  at 
the  end  of  the  room  is  occupied  by  a  knot  of 
sages  who  admit  strangers  into  their  fraternity 
on  being  presented  with  a  crown  bowl  of  punch. 
Mine  host  used  to  smoke  his  pipe  among  them 
nightly.  Marsh,  the  oyster-man,  attends  here 
the  whole  season  with  his  Natives,  Miltons  and 
Pyfleets  :  he  hath  the  constancy  of  the  swallow, 
and  in  the  opening  of  the  shells  the  dexterity  of 
the  squirrel.' 

But  some  considerable  time  before  Tenny- 
son patronized  the  chops  and  steaks  and  the 
port  of  the  old  tavern,  to  say  nothing  cf  its 
oysters,  and  long  before  the  poet  jocularly 
resented  on  a  certain  occasion  the  omnibus 
conductor's  remark  "  Full  inside "  as  he 
entered  the  vehicle  after  a  meal  in  which  the 
flavour  of  the  meat  was  quite  independent 
of  sauces,  William  the  head  waiter  had 
been  known  to  habitues  of  the  place.  A 
writer  in  The  Sportsman's  Magazine  of, 
I  think,  the  year  1857  (p.  104),  says  that  he- 
"  had,  like  others,  no  thought  superior  to  the 

Cock  stout  from  the  glass William  knew  our 

ways,  and  Charles  was  getting  into  them.  We  are 
inclined,  however,  to  give  our  more  particular 
directions  to  James.  We  think  the  Cock  chops 
superior  to  the  steaks,"  &c. 

Charles,  who  for  twenty  years  had  been 
well  known  to  a  large  circle  of  barristers  and 
journalists  who  dined  daily  at  "  The  Cock,'* 
and  whose  real  name  was  Edward  Thorogood,. 
died  in  July,  1905,  having  been  the  successor,, 
as  head  waiter,  of  Tennyson's  "  William." 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

Wroxton  Grange,  Folkestone. 

KEMPESFELD,  HAMPSTEAD  (11  S.  i.  409,. 
478).— PROF.  SKEAT  and  the  'N.E.D.' 
had  already  been  consulted,  and  it  is  accepted 
that  A.-S.  cempa  became  Middle  English 
kempe,  meaning  a  fighter,  a  warrior  ;  but 
one  desires  to  find  out  whether  in  some  cases 
land  named  from  association  with  the  words 
owes  its  origin  to  having  been  occupied  or 
owned  by  a  warrior  of  the  local  manor r 
soldiers  provided  by  the  manorial  lord, 


14 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  n.  jews.  mo. 


or  from  the  ownership  of  one  having  Kemp 
for  his  surname.  Of  course  after  the  fif- 
teenth century  places  newly  named  "Kemp's 
field  "  would  denote  such  designation  to  be 
due  to  possession  or  holding  ;  but  when  the 
field-name  dates  from  a  much  earlier  period, 
it  would  seem  likely  that  the  land  was 
attached  to  an  official  post  rather  than  to  an 
individual.  For  instance,  Parker's  Field 
and  Parkershouse  would  be  the  official  holding 
of  the  parker  or  park-keeper.  The  point  is 
one  upon  which  the  late  Prof.  Copinger 
might  have  thrown  the  light  of  historical 
facts.  Camping  fields  were  what  might 
now  be  termed  "sport-grounds"  or  "re- 
creation fields,"  not,  as  might  be  supposed, 
places  where  warriors  pitched  their  tents. 
It  should  also  be  borne  in  mind  that  many 
of  the  place-names  now  beginning  with 
Kemp,  Kem,  or  Ken  were  certainly  not 
named  from  association  with  a  Kempe,  the 
earlier  spellings  being  such  as  Kemys  or 
•Chenys. 

In  the  absence  of  evidence  of  a  manorial 
warrior  holding  his  field,  like  a  knight,  by 
virtue  of  his  fighting  services,  I  would  note 
that  in  1205  Kempe  the  "  Bowmaker " 
had  a  grant  of  a  small  holding  until  the  King 
could  provide  for  him  by  marriage.  In  this 
case  the  lands  were  to  be  worth  50  shillings 
annually,  and  were  worth  51.  10s.  6d.  in 
1277,  by  which  time  they  belonged  to  the 
burgesses  of  Newcastle,  Northumberland. 
This  Kempe  seems  to  have  been  so  named 
from  actually  being  a  warrior,  acquiring  his 
lands  by  both  using  his  bow  and  making 
bows  for  other  royal  archers. 

FBED.  HITCHIN-KEMP. 

§1,  Vancouver  Road,  Forest  Hill,  S.E. 

Some  years  ago  I  remember  writing  to  a 
friend  whose  singular  address  was  Camps - 
bourne,  Hornsey— the  place  being  numbered, 
but  without  the  addition  of  "Street"  or 
!<  Terrace."  N.  W.  HILL. 

"ONION":  ITS  PRONUNCIATION  (11  S. 
i.  485). — It  may  not  be  amiss  to  add  the 
Scottish  "ingan"  to  the  forms  already 
given.  Two  literary  examples  of  standard 
value  illustrate  the  usage  in  the  Lowlands  of 
Scotland.  The  earlier  occurs  in  Allan 
Ramsay's  satire  'The  Last  Speech  of  a 
Wretched  Miser,'  in  which  the  victim  is 
made  to  utter  this  confession  : — 

Altho'  my  annual  rents  would  feed 
Thrice  forty  fouk  that  stood  in  need, 
1  grudg  d  myself  my  daily  bread  ; 

And  if  frae  haine, 
My  pouch  produc'd  an  ingan  head, 
To  please  my  wame. 


The  other  notable  example  of  the  form  is 
in  the  second  chapter  of  '  A  Legend  of 
Montrose,'  where  Dugald  Dalgetty,  discussing 
the  religious  difficulties  he  encountered  on 
the  Continent,  states  his  dissatisfaction 
with  the  Dutch  pastor  who  reminded  him 
that  Naaman,  an  honourable  cavalier  of 
Syria,  had  followed  his  master  into  the 
house  of  Rimmon.  The  redoubtable  captain 
proceeds  with  his  sturdy  apologia  as  follows  : 

"  But  neither  was  this  answer  satisfactory  to 
me,  both  because  there  was  an  unco  difference 
between  an  anointed  King  of  Syria  and  our 
Spanish  colonel,  whom  I  could  have  blown  away 
like  the  peeling  of  an  ingan,  and  chiefly  because 
I  could  not  find  the  thing  was  required  of  me  by 
any  of  the  articles  of  war  ;  neither  was  I  proffered 
any  consideration,  either  in  perquisite  or  pay,  for 
the  wrong  I  might  thereby  do  to  my  conscience.'' 

In  the  '  Scottish  Dictionary  *  Jamieson 
gives  the  variant  "  ingowne "  from  the 
MS.  '  Registers  of  the  Council  of  Aberdeen,' 
v.  16,  his  entry  standing  thus  :  "  '  Requirit 
to  tak  out  the  ingownis  quhilk  ves  in  the 
schip  in  poynt  of  tynasle,'  i.e.,  on  the  very 
point  of  being  lost."  THOMAS  BAYNE. 

Another  pronunciation  of  "onion"  used 
to  be  "  inguns."  I  recollect  it  as  a  child  ; 
1  am  now  close  on  sixty  years. 

In  '  Gaieties  and  Gravities,'  by  James  and 
Horace  Smith,  1826,  there  is  an  amusing 
tale  about  the  steamboat  from  London  to 
Calais,  and  there  you  read  these  words  of  the 
young  Cockney  :  "I  ?ve  got  a  cold  beefsteak 
and  inguns  in  this  here  ?ankerchief." 

M.A. 

GREY  FAMILY  (11  S.  i.  469).— Under 
Kent  in  G.  E.  C.'s  'Complete  Peerage' 
it  is  stated  that  Richard  Grey,  Earl  of  Kent, 
died  3  May,  1524,  "  at  his  house  in  Lumberd 
Street,  London,  at  the  sign  of  the  George." 
The  next  successor  to  the  title,  Sir  Henry 
Grey,  de  jure  Earl  of  Kent,  died  24  Septem- 
ber, 1562,  "at  his  house  called  Graye 
Hassetts  in  the  Barbican.  " 

Would  not  the  Inquisitions  post  mortem 
help  MB.  McMtiRRAY  ? 

The  Greys  of  Werke  held  property  in 
Aldersgate  Street  in  the  seventeenth  century. 

E.  A.  FRY. 

NOTTINGHAM  EARTHENWARE  TOMBSTONE  : 
COADE  AND  ARTIFICIAL  STONE  (11  S.  i.  189, 
255,  312,  356,  409,  454). — This  correspond- 
ence has  diverged  somewhat  from  the  subject 
of  my  original  inquiry,  which  thus  far  has 
not  been  answered.  An  earthenware  head- 
stone, of  something  like  orthodox  dimensions, 
exists  in  St.  Mary's  Churchyard,  Nottingham, 
bearing  inscriptions  dated  in  1707  and  1714, 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  2,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


15 


.and  I  still  anxiously  await  information  as 
to  whether  earlier,  or  even  as  early,  examples 
exist  elsewhere.  The  first  correspondent 
to  reply  claimed  familiarity  with  all  the 
churchyards  in  the  Potteries,  yet  had  never 
seen  any  earthenware  memorial  sufficiently 
large  to  be  described  as  a  tombstone  or 
headstone.  Moreover,  no  correspondent 
definitely  cites  early  examples  of  any  type. 

On  the  other  hand,  Church,  in  his  work 
on  '  English  Earthenware,'-  states  that 
earthenware  headstones  exist  in  several 
churchyards  in  the  Potteries  (Burslem  and 
Wolstanton  being  mentioned)  bearing  in- 
scriptions dated  from  1718  to  1767 — an  odd 
one  being  as  late  as  1828.  As  Church's 
'  Handbook  *  was  published  but  a  quarter 
of  a  century  ago  (in  1884,  to  be  exact),  it  is 
.inconceivable  that  none  of  them  survives 
,to-day.  A.  STAPLETON. 

39,  Burford  Road,  Nottingham. 

A  monument  to  Edward  Wortley  Montagu, 
made  of  Coade's  Lithodipyra,  is  in  the  west 
walk  of  the  Cloisters  of  Westminster  Abbey. 

A.  H.  S. 

"  LITERARY  GOSSIP  "  (11  S.  i.  208,  333).— 
MR.  WALTER  SCOTT'S  contention  that  this 
description  of  newspaper  article  existed  in 
substance,  if  not  in  name,  ' '  well  back  into 
the  eighteenth  century n  might,  I  think 
easily  be  made  to  read  "to  the  beginning 
of  the  eighteenth  century.'1  Speaking  of 
Cave's  founding  of  The  Gentleman's  Maga- 
zine in  1730-1,  the  '  D.N.B.'  says  :— 

"  The  periodical  was  to  comprise  varieties  of  all 

kinds Some  of  the  early  numbers  were  said  to 

be  printed  by  'Edward  Cave,  jun.,'  an  imaginary 
nephew,  others  '  printed  for  R.  Newton,'  and, 
sometimes,  he  falsely  described  himself  as  '  Sylva- 
nus  Urban,  of  Aldermanbury,  Gent.'  His  maga- 
zine was  a  vast  improvement  upon  the  gossiping  and 
abusive  papers  of  the  time." 

N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

The  term  "  Literary  Gossip "  is  surely 
sufficiently  elastic  to  include  'The  State  of 
Learning,'  a  page  of  announcements  and 
personal  paragraphs  contained  in  'The 
History  of  the  Works  of  the  Learned  or  an 
Impartial  Account  of  Books  Lately  Printed 
in  all  Parts  of  Europe.  With  a  particular 
relation  of  the  State  of  Learning  in  each 
country.'  The  volume  before  me  contains 
the  twelve  monthly  parts  of  1700,  but  it 
was  first  published  January,  1699.  Are  not 
the  following  extracts  "literary  gossip  "  ? — 

"The  Abbot  Fontanini,  Library  keeper  to  the 
Imperial  Cardinal,  is  upon  finishing  his  *  History 
pf  Aquileia,'  which  will  contain  a  collection  of 


the  inscriptions  of  that  city  and  of  the  adjacent 
parts,  most  of  which  were  never  before  printed  ; 
together  with  the  Profane  and  Ecclesiastical 
History  of  Aquileia  and  all  Friuli,  in  folio." 

"All  Mr.  Dryden's  Plays  much  corected,  are  in 
the  Press,  and  will  be  published  within  two 
months  in  two  volumes  in  folio."  r 

If  it  is  not  already  familiar  to  them, 
"Claudius  Clear,'*  or  the  contributors  who 
have  discussed  this  matter,  are  welcome  to  the 
sight  of  this  volume.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

There  is  abundant  evidence  to  support 
Mr.  W.  SCOTT'S  contention  that 

"Although  as  a  heading  'Literary  Gossip'  may 
not  have  been  in  use  until  the  second  half  of  the 
nineteenth  century,  it  is  clear  that  the  information 
denoted  by  that  title  was  common  long  before  the 
century  began." 

A  very  striking  example  can  be  afforded 
from  a  single  issue  of  Mist's  Weekly  Journal, 
or  Saturday's  Post,  which,  at  the  time,  was 
under  the  editorial  control  of  Defoe.  On 
18  November,  1721,  after  opening  its  budget 
of  London  news  and  gossip  with  the  lament, 

"  The  Town  was  never  known  to  be  so  thin 
within  the  Memory  of  Man;  not  half  of  the 
Members  are  come  up,  and  we  see  a  Bill  upon 
almost  every  Door," 

it  gave  inter  alia  the  following  items  of 
literary  intelligence  : — 

"Ambrose  Philips,  Esq.,  a  Westminster  Justice, 
has  a  new  Tragedy  upon  the  Stocks,  to  be  launched 
this  Winter.  'Twas  this  Gentleman  who  obliged 
the  Town  with  the  beautiful  Translation  of  the 
Andromache,  by  Laurie,  and  we  are  in  hopes  he 
has  chosen  another  piece  by  the  same  author. 

"Sir  Richard  Steele  proposes  to  represent  a 
Character  upon  the  Stage  this  season,  that  was 
never  seen  there  yet :  This  Gentleman  has  been  two 
Years  a  dressing,  and  we  wish  he  may  make  a  good 
Appearance  at  last. 

"  The  celebrated  Mr.  Pope  is  preparing  a  correct 
Edition  of  Shakespear's  Works ;  that  of  the  late 
Mr.  Rowe  being  very  faulty. 

"Our  Muscovite  Merchants  have  Advice  that 
M.  Servani,  who  some  years  ago  had  his  Education 
in  this  City,  and  made  very  great  Improvement  in 
all  polite  Literature,  is  coming  over  hither  with 
a  Commission  from  his  Czarish  Majesty." 

There  was  also  a  literary  flavour  about 
these  accompanying  pieces  of  theatrical 
gossip  :— 

"  We  hear  that  the  Theatre  in  the  Hay-Market 
where  lately  the  French  Strolers  us'd  to  perform, 
will  be  opened  in  a  little  time,  for  the  Diversion 
of  the  City  and  Liberty  of  Westminster.  The 
Actors,  as  well  as  the  Plays,  they  say,  will  be 
entirely  new,  and  the  whole  to  be  under  the 
Management  and  Direction  of  that  noted  Pro- 
prietor, Aaron  Hill,  Esq. 

"The   Company   at    Drury-Larie    have    reviv'd 
four  plays  this  Season,  and  design  to  raise  up  the 
incomparable  Tragedy  of  Phiedra  and  Hippolytus." 
ALFRED    F.    BOBBINS. 


16 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  JULY  2, 1910. 


STBETTELL-UTTEBSON  (11  S.  i.  448,  477). — 
From  a  list  of  auction-sale  catalogues 
ranging  from  1637  to  1841  it  appears  that 
three  important  book-sales  took  place  in 
London  in  1832.  Two  of  these  were  con- 
ducted by  Sotheby  &  Son,  and  the  third 
by  Evans.  The  library  disposed  of  by 
Evans  was  that  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Valpy,  a 
distinguished  educationist,  and  head  master 
for  many  years  of  Reading  Grammar  School. 
The  sale  continued,  or  was  advertised  to 
continue,  for  ten  days.  Dr.  Valpy' s  library 
was  sold  in  his  lifetime.  Having  retired 
from  the  mastership  of  Reading  School 
owing  to  age  and  infirmity,  he  went  to  reside 
with  a  son  in  London,  and  in  consequence  of 
this  change  got  rid  of  his  library.  Does 
this  catalogue  render  any  assistance  to  MB. 
CLEMENTS  ?  It  does  not  quite  tally  with 
the  one  he  mentions,  but  comes  pretty  near 
it.  Dr.  Valpy,  it  should  be  stated,  was  a 
great  admirer  of  Shakespeare.  On  the  other 
hand,  it  must  be  remembered  that  E.  V. 
Utterson  possessed  a  First  Folio  Shake- 
speare. W.  SCOTT. 

GEOBGE  COLMAN'S  '  MAN  OF  THE  PEOPLE,' 
ABEBDEEN,  1782  (11  S.  i.  467). — In  vol.  ii. 
of  '  Public  Characters,'  published  in  1801, 
27  pages  are  devoted  to  the  early  life  and 
writings  of  George  Colman  the  younger,  who 
was  then  living.  No  reference  is  made  to 
the  poem  on  Fox  mentioned  in  '  Random 
Records,'  quoted  by  MB.  P.  J.  ANDEBSON  ; 
but  ^  mention  is  made  of  young  Colman' s 
writing  some  doggerel  verses  in  an  album, 
in  a  post-house  at  Lawrencekirk.  The  lines, 
20  in  number,  are  given,  but  some  of  them 
would  now  be  hardly  considered  fit  for 
publication.  They  commence  : — 
I  once  was  a  student  at  Old  Aberdeen  ; 
Little  knowledge  I  got,  but  a  great  deal  of  spleen. 

These  album  lines  are  said  to  have  been 
Colman's  first  attempt ;  and  as  in  '  Random 
Records l  he  says  he  wrote  the  poem  on 
Fox  immediately  after  returning  from 
Lawrencekirk,  that  must  have  been  his 
second  attempt. 

JOHN  BAVINGTON  JONES. 
Dover. 

"HOWDE  MEN?':  ROBIN  HOOD'S  MEN 
(11  S.  i.  346,  493).— It  may  not  be  entirely 
uninteresting  to  add  to  MB.  A.  RHODES' s 
reply  that  in  the  churchwardens'  accounts 
of  Stratton,  Cornwall,  there  is  mention  made 
of  persons  who  went  by  the  name  of  "  Robyn 
hode  and  his  men. "  In  1536  the  church 
received  of  "  John  Marys  and  his  company 
that  playd  Robin  Hoode  U.  18s.  4d.,'?  and 


in  1538  the  still  larger  sum  of  3/.  Os.  Wd. 
These  were  munificent  gifts  for  ecclesiastical 
purposes  in  those  days.  They  probably 
indicate  that  the  players  and  those  who 
hearkened  to  them  were  adherents  of  th& 
ancient  faith  with  no  ideas  of  change,  but 
they  could  not  be  in  any  sense  a  guild  at- 
tached to  the  church.  Robin  Hood,  though 
a  highly  popular  character,  not  only  in 
England,  but,  as  we  have  been  informed, 
in  the  Lowlands  of  Scotland  also,  was  by 
no  means  a  saintly  person,  and  neither  he 
nor  his  followers  were  calculated  to  make  a 
religious  impression  on  their  neighbours. 

The  body  of  young  men  referred  to  were 
probably  light-hearted  fellows  who  devoted 
themselves,  when  time  was  not  pressing, 
to  the  amusement  of  their  fellow-townspeople.. 
Times  were,  however,  rapidly  approaching 
when  the  entertainment  of  others  became 
regarded  as  something  in  itself  unholy,  for 
we  find  that  so  early  as  1543  Martha  Rose 
and  Margaret  Martin  paid  three  shillings 
for  the  "  wode  of  Robyn  Hode  is  howse.'1 
It  is  impossible  to  say  whether  it  had  been 
pulled  down  by  some  local  authority,  or 
whether  the  owner  had  demolished  it 
because  the  sports  he  had  organized  in 
former  years  had  ceased  to  give  pleasure. 

N.  M.  &  A. 

"BBOCHE"  (11  S.  i.  389,  475).— From  a 
case  reported  in  a  Year-Book  of  6  Edward  II.,. 
upon  which  I  am  at  present  working,  one 
gathers  that  a  broche  was  a  sword  of  some 
kind,  and  not  a  lance.  It  is  said  of  a  man 
accused  of  murder  that  he  struck  his  victim 
on  the  head  "  dune  espeie  qest  appelle 
Broch  et  lui  fist  une  playe  del  longur  de 
iiij  pouz.n  Objection  is  taken  that  the  in- 
dictment does  not  specifically  state  whether 
"  le  laminal  [v.L,  in  another  report,  le 
aumail]  feust  ou  de  feer  ou  dasser,"  &c. 

W.    C.    BOLLAND. 

Lincoln's  Inn. 

HAMPDEN  AND  SHIP  MONEY  (11  S.  i.  426, 
492). — Concerning  the  actual  amount  of  the 
ship  money  attempted  to  be  levied  upon 
Hampden,  "  Junius  "  had  a  pregnant  word 
to  say  in  his  Letter  to  the  Printer  of  The 
Public  Advertiser  of  28  May,  1770  :— 

"  There  is  a  set  of  men  in  this  country,  whose 
understandings  measure  the  violation  of  law  by  the 
magnitude  of  the  instance,  not  by  the  important 
consequences  which  flow  directly  from  the  principle 
....  Had  Mr.  Hampden  reasoned  and  acted  like 
the  moderate  men  of  these  days,  instead  of  hazard- 
ing his  whole  future  in  a  law-suit  with  the  crown, 
he  would  have  quietly  paid  the  twenty  shillings 
demanded  of  him, — the  Stuart  family  would 
probably  have  continued  upon  the  throne,  and, 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  2, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


17 


:at  this  moment,  the  imposition  of  ship-money 
would  have  been  an  acknowledged  prerogative 
of  the  crown." 

POLITICIAN. 

COLERIDGE     ON    FIBEGBATE     FOLK-LOBE 
(11  S.  i.  349,  415). — The  passage  in  'Frost 
at  Midnight '  can  be  illustrated  from  Cowper 
('  The  Task,'  iv.  291-5)  :— 
Nor  less  amused,  have  I  quiescent  watched 
The  sooty  films  that  play  upon  the  bars, 
Pendulous,  and  foreboding,  in  the  view 
Of  superstition,  prophesying  still, 
Though    still    deceived,    some    stranger's    near 
approach. 

L.  R.  M.  STBACHAN. 
Heidelberg. 

[MRS.  B.  SMITH  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

THE  RAVENSBOUBNE  (11  S.  i.  468). — The 
earliest  reference  I  have  to  this  river, 
although  not  by  name,  is  1§46.  Philipott, 
In  his  '  Villare  Cantianum,'  1659,  says  of 
Deptford  that  it  was  "  so  called  from  the 
deep  Channel  of  Ravens -purg'd,  the  River 
that  here  slydeth  into  the  Thames.'*  He 
further  says  that  the  bridge  over  this  river 
was  repaired  in  the  twentieth  year  of  Ed- 
ward III.,  as  appears  by  a  record  in  the 
Tower  : — 

"  Quod  reparatio  Pontis  de  Depeford,  pertiuet  ad 
homines  Hundredi  de  Blackheath,  and  non  ad 
homines  Villarum  de  Eltham,  Moding-ham,  and 
Wolwich." 

Kilburne  in  his  'Survey,*  1659,  p.  73, 
describes  Deptford  as  lying  "  at  the  north- 
west side  of  the  County  by  the  River  Ravens - 
borne  and  Thames.'* 

In  December,  1700,  there  was  granted  a 
patent  by  King  William  III. 
"  to  supply  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Royal  Manors  oi 
East  Greenwich  and  Sayes  Court  with  good  and 
wholesome  Fresh  Water  from  the  River  Ravens 
bourne,  which  runs  between  the  said  Manors 
during  the  term  of  500  years." 

Hasted  says  that  the  Romans  were  wel 
•supplied  with  water  from  the  Ravensbourn< 
at  their  camp  on  Keston  Common,  where 
the  river  takes  its  rise. 

It  was  in  the  mouth  of  this  river  that  the 
•Golden  Hind  (in  which  Drake  circumnavigatec 
the  earth)  was  laid  up  by  command  of  Queer 
Elizabeth,  and  on  board  of  this  ship  her 
Majesty  visited  Drake  and  knighted  him. 

WM.  NOBMAN. 

Plumstead. 

The  earliest  references  to  the  Ravens 
bourne  I  have  noted  are  as  under  : — 

"  A.D.  1208.  Through  an  inundation  of  th 
Thames,  the  whole  of  the  lands  on  the  banks  of  th 
Ravensbourne  were  flooded." — Dunkin's  '  History 
of  Deptford,'  p.  207. 


1373.  "  Humphry  de  Bohun,  Earl  of  Here- 
ord,  Essex,  and  Northampton,  dying  16  Jan., 
373,  an  inquisition  taken  at  his  death  [Inq.  p.  m. 

6  Edw.  III.,  No.  10,  taken  at  Depford,  6  Feb., 

7  Edw.  III.,  1373]  showed  that  he  owned  '  also  a 
)lot    of     ground   near  the  water  called   Rendes- 
lourne.'  " — Streatfeild  and   Larking's    '  Hundred 

f  Blackheath,'  p.  6. 

1570.  "  There  was  lately  re-edefied  a  fayre 
Bridge  also,  over  the  Brooke  called  Ravensbourne, 
whiche  ryseth  not  farre  of  in  the  Heath  above 
Bromley." — Lambarde's' Perambulation,'  1st  Ed., 
1576,  p.  335. 

In  the  1826  edition  of  Lambarde  the  same 
reference  is  slightly  varied  : — 

'  . . . .  Over  the  Brooke  called  Ravensbourne, 
which  riseth  not  farre  off  at  Hollowoods  hill,  in  the 
sarish  of  Kestane,  and  setting  on  worke  some 
corne  milles,  and  one  for  the  glasing  of  armour, 
slippeth  by  this  towne  into  the  Thamyse,  carying 
continuall  matter  of  a  great  shelf e  with  it." 

CHAS.  WM.  F.  Goss. 
Bishopsgate  Institute. 

In  vol.  i.  of  '  Court  Minutes  of  the  Surrey 
and  Kent  Sewer  Commission,'  recently 
printed  by  the  London  County  Council,  in 
whose  custody  are  the  official  documents 
of  the  Commission,  the  first  entry,  dated 
3  January,  1569,  begins  :  "  Sessio  Sewero 
pro  conservacione  murorum  mariscorum  a 
Ravensborne  in  Comitatu  Kanciaad  eccle- 
siam  de  Putney  in  Comitatu  Surreia .  .  . . " 
There  are  other  mentions  of  the  stream 
through  the  volume,  for  the  publication  of 
which  gratitude  is  due  to  the  County  Council. 
G.  L.  APPEBSON. 

My  grandfather  Thomas  Fox  bought 
property  at  Lewisham  about  1790  which  was 
partly  bounded  by  the  Ravensbourne  stream. 
Probably  this  is  not  a  sufficiently  early 
reference  for  MB.  PHILIP  NOBMAN  ;  but  I 
expect  the  title-deeds,  which  perhaps  are 
accessible,  would  give  references  of  an  earlier 
date.  W.  H.  Fox. 

City  of  London  Club,  B.C. 

[MR.  J.  HOLDEN  MAcMiCHAEL  also  thanked  for 
reply.] 

DOOB-KNOCKEB  ETIQUETTE  (11  S.  i.  487). 
The  summary  of  the  etiquette  of  door- 
knocking  in  the  Spanish  periodical  of  1836 
does  not  seem  very  wide  of  the  mark,  accord- 
ing to  my  recollections  of  thirty  years  later 
than  that  date.  Everybody  (in  London) 
had  a  door-knocker,  and  there  was  certainly 
a  more  or  less  generally  understood  code 
of  knocks.  I  remember  that  an  old  lady, 
who  was  born  at  the  very  beginning  of  the 
last  century,  always  said,  on  engaging  a  new 
footman  :  "  Let  me  hear  how  you  knock  n  ; 
and  according  to  his  proficiency  in  the  art 


18 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  JCLY  2, 1910. 


of  rat -tat -tatting,  so  was  he  appraised.  A 
sonorous  and  insistent  reverberation  on  the 
front  door  was  in  those  days  considered  a 
sign  of  social  importance. 

In  '  The  Footman's  Directory  and  Butler's 
Remembrancer ;  or,  The  Advice  of  One- 
simus  to  his  Young  Friends,'  London, 
printed  for  the  Author,  and  sold  by  J. 
Hatchard  &  Son,  1823,  the  following  in- 
structions are  set  forth  : — 

"  In  knocking  at  a  gentleman's  door,  you 
should  not  ring  the  bell,  unless  you  see  it  written 
on  a  brass  plate  to  do  so,  except  it  should  be 
at  a  relation's  of  the  family  which  you  live  with, 
then  you  always  should  ring,  as  well  as  knock  ; 
and  also  at  your  own  door,  as  this  is  a  mark 
of  respect,  and  a  hint  to  the  family  and  servants 
that  some  of  the  family  are  come  home.  Knock 
loud  enough  to  be  heard,  as  some  of  the  halls 
and  kitchens  are  a  great  way  from  the  front  door." 

FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 
Kew  Green. 

MR.  RHODES'S  concluding  query  recalls 
to  my  mind  some  lines  of  Colman's  in  his 
*  Newcastle  Apothecary.'  They  may  be 
found  in  '  The  Literary  Class-Book,'  a 
volume  I  used  at  school  in  1853  : — 

"  Bolus  arrived,  and  gave  a  doubtful  tap, 
Between  a  single  and  a  double  rap. 
Knocks  of  this  kind 

Are  given  by  gentlemen  who  teach  to  dance  : 
By  fiddlers,  and  by  opera  singers  : 
One  loud,  and  then  a  little  one  behind, 
As  if  the  knocker  fell  by  chance 
Out  of  their  fingers." 

HARRY  HEMS. 

COMETS  AND  PRINCES  :  JULIUS  CJESAR 
(11  S.  i.  448). — The  comet  which  appeared 
at  the  time  of  Caesar's  death  has  been 
identified.  It  is  believed  to  have  been  the 
same  as  that  seen  in  the  time  of  Justinian 
in  531  A.D.,  again  in  the  reign  of  Henry  II. 
in  1106,  and  again  in  1680.  Its  periodic 
time  is  supposed  to  be  about  574—5  years. 
It  is  not  expected  to  return  again  till  the  year 
2255.  See  Milner's  '  Gallery  of  Nature,' 


1848,  pp.  112-13. 


w.  s,  s. 


CHEVALIER  DE  LAURENCE  ON  HERALDRY 
(11  S.  i.  486).— This  was  undoubtedly  the 
author  of  '  The  Empire  of  the  Nairs  '  and 
other  works.  See  '  D.N.B.,'  s.v.  James 
Henry  Lawrence.  C.  D. 

James  Henry  Lawrence,  Knight  of  Malta, 
known  as  the  Chevalier  de  Laurence,  was 
the  eldest  son  of  Richard  James  Lawrence, 
of  Fairneld,  Jamaica.  He  studied  at  Eton, 
but  completed  his  education  in  Germany. 
On  his  way  home  to  England,  in  1803,  he 
was  detained  in  France,  \*ith  many  other 


British  travellers,  by  order  of  Bonaparte 
on  the  outbreak  of  hostilities.  He  wrote 
several  works,  and  contributed  to  The 
Pamphleteer,  xxiii.  159,  an  article  entitled 
'  On  the  Nobility  of  the  British  Gentry  ;: 
or,  The  Political  Ranks  and  Dignities  of  the 
British  Empire,  compared  with  those  of 
the  Continent ;  for  the  Use  of  Foreigners  in 
Great  Britain,  and  of  Britons  abroad.' 
This  was  published  separately,  London, 
Nickisson,  1840,  12mo,  5s.,  and  is  evidently 
the  "work  on  heraldry"  mentioned  by 
MR.  FORREST  MORGAN. 

Some  references  to  the  Chevalier  de 
Laurence  will  be  found  in  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine,  February,  1841,  p.  206. 

W.  SCOTT. 

"PULL"  (11  S.  i.  407,  457).— From  my 
earliest  days  I  have  been  accustomed  to' 
hear  that  a  person  who  had  been  ill  was 
"Much  pulled  down"  or,  more  shortly, 
"pulled."  G.  W.  E.  R. 

"THE  FORTUNE  or  WAR"  (11  S.  i.  223, 
274). — In  what  is  now  named  York  Road, 
opposite  the  Maiden  Lane  Railway  Station, 
is  a  small  inn  or  public-house  called  "  Th3 
Fortune  of  War."  I  remember  when  this 
portion  of  York  Road  used  to  be  called 
Maiden  Lane.  Beginning  at  King's  Cross, 
it  crossed  Battle  Bridge,  and  passed  Maiden 
Lane  Station  and  "  The  Fortune  of  War," 
Barnsbury  Square  being  more  north  on  the 
right,  and  the  Roman  Road  crossing  Maiden 
Lane  diagonally. 

.  The  name  of  this  little  inn,  whatever  its- 
origin,  seems  peculiarly  appropriate  to  its 
situation  ;  for,  as  Thornbury  says,  London 
tradition  considers  that  Boadicea"'s  great 
battle  with  Suetonius  occurred  here  ( '  Old 
and  New  London,'  ii.  276).  Battle  Bridge 
would  commemorate  the  British  queen's 
last- battle,  in  which  she  lost  her  life  ;  Maiden 
Lane  recording  that  her  two  maiden  daughters 
(the  immediate  cause  of  the  war)  were  with 
her  in  her  chariot  (as  in  the  new  sculpture 
on  Westminster  Bridge),  and  there'  also 
perished  ;  while  the  Roman  Road,  running 
west,  would  be  the  route  by  which  Suetonius 
hurried  up  from  Wales  to  save  London. 

Pinks  mentions  that  an  elephant's  skeleton, 
Roman  coins,  and  a  Latin  inscription  men- 
tioning one  of  the  legions  in  this  battle,  have 
been  dug  up  in  Maiden  Lane  ;  and  Suetonius 
used  elephants  against  the  queen  of  the 
Iceni  ('History  of  Clerkenwell,'  1880,  17, 
358,  500,  502,  571). 

As  Boadicea's  object  was  to  attack  Roman 
London,  and  she  needed  water,  for  her  troops. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  2,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


19 


the  situation  near  the  stream  at  King's 
Cross  was  exactly  suitable  for  her  purpose  ; 
and  in  George  III.'s  reign,  when  this  cross- 
way  was  laid  out,  it  was  proposed  to  call 
it  Boadicea. 

A  writer  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  has  pointed  out  that 
Suetonius  encamped  on  the  high  ground 
overlooking  London,  now  called  Barnsbury 
Square,  and  that  the  ditch  of  his  square 
camp  may  still  be  seen  at  the  back  of  at 
least  one  side  of  the  square — a  fact  which 
I  have  verified  by  personal  observation. 

Wheatley  says  that  old  records  refer  to 
this  road  as  Maiden  Lane  ( '  London  Past  and 
Present,'  1891,  ii.  455)  ;  and  Smyth  says 
that  the  Maiden  Way  began  on  the  Roman 
Road  (Archceologia,  1846,  xxxi.  280). 

This  cluster  of  place-names  and  corre- 
sponding topographical  features,  all  agreeing 
with  the  idea  that  this  district  was  the  scene 
of  the  last  great  attempt  of  Britain  to  throw 
off  the  yoke  of  Rome,  makes  the  local  inn 
name  of  "  The  Fortune  of  War  ''  a  very 
appropriate  one. 

Out  of  what  was  formerly  Maiden  Lane 
proceeds  a  smaller  turning  called  Forum 
Street.  L.  M.  R. 


0tt 


The  Cornish  Coast  (South)  and  the  Isles  of  Stilly. 

By  Charles  G.  Harper.  (Chapman  &  Hall.) 
MB.  HARPER  has  a  long  row  of  books  about 
England  to  his  credit,  largely  illustrated  by  him- 
self ;  he  is  an  indefatigable  searcher  after  legend 
and  architecture,  and  his  latest  travels  have  pro- 
duced a  book  which  will  be  of  real  use  to  the  visitor 
and  tourist. 

We  cannot  say  that  we  can  always  endorse  his 
ideas  of  taste  and  humour,  and  he  indulges  in 
some  sweeping  condemnations,  e.g.,  of  golfers  — 
which  we  do  not  regard  as  justified.  However, 
these  are  matters  on  which  individual  opinion 
doubtless  differs,  and  most  people  can  profit 
by  the  author's  keenness  to  see  and  hear  notable 
things.  The  book  is  excellently  printed  in 
good  type,  and  the  illustrations,  though  somewhat 
sketchy,  are  generally  effective. 

Mr.  Harper's  equipment  as  a  traveller  is  pretty 
good,  but  he  makes  a  gross  mistake  in.  Latin  on 
p.  86.  "  Malo  quam  "  does  not  mean  "  rather 
than,"  and  a  schoolboy  would  not  need  to  reach 
Macaulay'  s  standard  to  correct  the  two  later 
lines.  They  should  be  concerned  with  "a 
wicked  man  "  in  the  ablative  case,  and  also  "  in 
adversity." 

Jane  Austen  :  Pride  and  Prejudice.  Abridged 
arid  edited  by  Mrs.  Frederick  Boas.  (Cambridge 
University  Press.) 

The  Cambridge  Review  has  given  utterance  to  a 
protest  by  one  of  our  younger  literary  hands 
against  this  book.  He  represents  a  feeling  which 
we  certainly  share.  The  young  schoolboy  or 
schoolgirl  has  .an  ample  selection  of  books  already 


from  which  he  can  learn  reading  and  composition. 
Good  story-books  which  he  will  enjoy  later — and 
this  applies  to  the  vigorous  adventure  of  Scott  as 
well  as  the  delicate  art  of  Jane  Austen — should 
surely  not  be  spoilt  by  their  employment  as  the 
lesson-books  of  an  earlier  age. 

Mrs.  Boas  has  reduced  the  book  to  "about  half 
its  original  size,"  and  added  a  few  notes.  The 
present  reviewer,  a  great  lover  of  Jane  Austen, 
cannot  view  the  result  with  equanimity,  and  hopes 
that  the  Cambridge  Press  will  cease  truncating 
classics.  He  very  much  doubts  if  Jane  Austen's 
works  are  suitable  for  the  young  at  all  ;  in  fact, 
many  grown-up  persons  find  them  unutterably 
dull.  If  this  is  so,  they  might  be  left  as  they  are- 
If  it  is  not  so,  the  negative  needs  proof  in  order  to 
excuse  a  volume  like  this. 

A  Collection  of  Eastern  Stories  and  Legends  for 
Narration  or  Later  Reading  in  Schools.  Selected 
and  adapted  by  Marie  L.  Shedlock,  with  a 
Foreword  by  Prof.-T.  W.  Rhys  Davids,  and  a 
Frontispiece  by  Wolfram  Onslow  Ford.  (Rout- 
ledge  &  Sons.) 

THIS  lengthy  title  is  rather  a  mouthful,  and  we 
should  have  been  just  as  well  pleased  if  the 
'Foreword'  had  been  omitted,  and  the  frontis- 
piece which  figures  opposite  the  title-page  also  left 
to  speak  for  itself.  The  chief  point  about  the 
stories  is  not  whether  they  are  veracious,  but 
whether  they  are  suitable  for  telling  to  children. 
As  Miss  Shedlock  has  already  tried  them  in  that 
way  with  success,  their  publication  is  clearly 
justified.  We  have  read  them  with  pleasure,, 
and  are  glad  to  think  that,  just  as  Western  art  is 
being  revivified  by  Oriental  influences — if  all  that 
we  read  is  true — so  the  tales  of  the  East  are 
being  added  to  our  store  of  legend.  Mr.  Marina- 
duke  Pickthall  and  other  close  students  of  the 
East  have  pointed  out  the  delightful  humour  of 
Oriental  tale-telling,  which  wins  some  of  the 
applause  here  devoted  to  the  novel.  Miss  Shed- 
lock's  selections,  which  represent  the  essence  of 
Buddhism  and  the  earnestness  of  that  creed,  have 
also  the  charm  of  humour,  and  of  that  power  of 
make-believe  which  modern  children  know, 
perhaps,  best  through  •  Mr.  Kipling's  '  Jungle- 
Books.' 

Miss  Shedlock's  '  Notes  on  the  Stories  '  at 
the  end  show  their  value,  and  are  much  to  the 
point.  All  the  stories  except  the  last  are  told  of 
the  Buddha  (To  Be),  or  the  Bodhisatta,  and  the 
first,  we  learn,  has  often  been  told  in  connexion 
with  a  story  of  Hans  Andersen's.  Thus  East  and 
West  meet  in  a  realm  in  which  they  have,  after  all,, 
much  in  common.  The  achievement  of  the 
simplicity  which  is  needed  for  effective  telling  is 
not  easy,  as  we  are  often  reminded  by  the  Christ- 
mas flood  of  new  fairy-tales,  and  we  congratulate 
Miss  Shedlock  on  her  success  in  an  art  which  has 
become  more  difficult  since  it  took  on  itself  the 
dignity  of  a  science. 

WE  confess  that  we  are  somewhat  tired  of 
anthologies  which  are  produced  by  competing 
publishers  in  reckless  profusion.  We  make  an 
exception,  however,  of  The  Time  of  the  Singing  of 
Birds,  which  Mr.  Frowde  publishes,  and  which  is 
the  result  of  the  joint  labours  of  M.  A.  P.,  M.  S.,. 
and  G.  M.  F.  Without  any  knowledge  of  the 
persons  these  initials  represent,  we  may  con- 
gratulate the  selectors  both  on  excellent  taste 


20 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tu  s.  11.  JULY  2, 1910. 


and  on  securing  some  poems  guarded  by  copy- 
right which  add  considerably  to  the  charm  of  the 
volume. 

The  frontispiece  is  derived  from  Giotto  s  picture 
of  St.  Francis  and  the  birds  at  Assisi,  and  opposite 
the  first  little  poem  we  find  three  familiar  lines 
on  birds  from  a  master  of  ancient  Greece.  Two 
•chief  contributors  are  Mr.  Robert  Bridges  with 
six  pieces,  and  Father  Tabb  (whose  death  is  a 
distinct  loss  to  the  world  of  poetry)  with  seven. 
Of  Shakespeare  and  Tennyson  we  get  four  pieces, 
of  Wordsworth  seven,  of  Swinburne  three.  The 
single  poems  by  Francis  Thompson  and  Prof. 
Santayana  are  notable,  though  not  entirely 
successful  in  technique  ;  while  Mr.  Hardy's 
•*  Darkling  Thrush  '  shows  his  wonderful  power  of 
gloomy  vision. 

There  are  two  Indexes,  one  of  first  lines,  and 
.another  of  authors.  Such  aids  ought  to  appear  in 
•every  book  of  this  sort,  but,  as  they  do  not,  we 
mention  their  appearance  here. 

WE  receive  four  of  the  earliest  copies  of  the 
Oxford  issue  of  The  Prince  of  Wales  Prayer- 
Books,  embodying  the  alterations  necessitated 
lay  the  recent  accession  to  that  title  of  Prince 
Edward.  We  hope  that  this  form  will  last  for 
many  years.  The  books  are,  as  usual,  admirably 
produced  in  every  respect,  and  once  more  show 
that  careful  regard  both  for  taste  and  detail  which 
we  have  learnt  to  expect  from  the  Oxford  Uni- 
versity Press. 

THE  attractive  medley  of  historical,  scientific, 
and  literary  information  supplied  by  the  Inter- 
mizdiaire  is  as  discursive  as  usual.  Ancient  and 
modern  life  are  dealt  with  impartially.  Feigned 
marriage  by  capture,  which  has  barely  disappeared 
in  Corsica,  and  up-to-date  aviation  are  con- 
sidered equally  worthy  of  a  place  in  its  hospit- 
able pages.  Several  contributors  supply  notes  on 
mills  worked  by  the  tide,  others  describe  the 
signiorial  chapels  attached  to  churches,  or  the 
•"  trees  of  liberty  "  which  survive  from  the  days 
of  the  great  revolution.  In  an  answer  to  a  question 
relating  to  the  origin  of  Norman  apple-trees 
reference  is  also  made  to  the  bibliography  of 
apple-culture.  Nanot's  *  La  Culture  du  Pom- 
mi  er  &  Cidre  '  and  Truelle's  '  Les  Fruits  de 
Pressoir '  are  both  commended,  the  second 
•specially  so.  Genealogists  will  find  the  notes 
on  French  families  of  Scotch  or  xrish  origin  of 
interest.  Remarks  on  the  belief  that  lepers 
poisoned  wells  and  springs  touch  on  a  distressing 
and  humiliating  subject.  The  inveterate  heartless- 
ness  of  man  to  man  is  also  shown  when  the  depor- 
tation of  French  ecclesiastics  during  the  revolution 
is  in  question.  "  In  1793  it  was  decided  that  the 
deportes  should  be  conducted  to  Senegal  on  the 
coast  of  Africa  ;  it  was  thought  that  they  would 
return  less  easily  from  there  than  from  Switzer- 
land or  Spain.  Under  the  Terror  those  suspected 
were  menaced  with  being  sent  to  Madagascar,  and 
there  was  also  question  of  some  part  of  the 
Barbary  coast."  The  prisoners  were,  however, 
brought  together  at  Rochefort  and  embarked 
on  two  worthless  vessels,  the  Washington  and  the 
Deux  Associes,  which  could  not  put  to  sea  on 
account  of  the  presence  of  the  English  fleet. 
"'  Herded  together  between-decks,  receiving  in- 
sufficient and  unhealthy  food,  and  treated  with 
unheard-of  barbarism,  the  prisoners  died  by 
hundreds.  After  Thermidor  the  survivors  were 


landed,  and,  in  the  end,  set  at  liberty."  In 
1797,  when  the  Directory  was  preparing  the 
political  stroke  of  Fructidor,  "  a  corvette  was 
secretly  armed  at  Rochelle  to  transport  con- 
demned people  to  Senegal :  it  was  the  Vaillante, 
commanded  by  Lieutenant  Jurien  de  Graviere. 
The  day  that  the  pretended  conspiracy  was  dis- 
covered the  vessel  had  been  ready  for  a  month, 
but  at  the  last  moment  the  destination  was 
changed,  and  according  to  the  counsels  of  Les- 
callier,  Cayenne  was  chosen.  The  first  convoy 
only  included  politicians,  but  the  Decade  and  the 
Bayonnaise  took  to  Guiana  two  hundred  and  sixty- 
three  priests  ;  another  vessel  was  seized  by  the 
English,  and  as  leaving  the  ports  became  danger- 
ous, on  account  of  English  cruisers,  the  other 
deportes,  to  the  number  of  one  thousand  one 
hundred  and  seventy-two,  were  relegated  to  the 
islands  of  R6  and  Ole>on."  The  phrase  "  un- 
heard-of barbarism  "  can  scarcely  be  exact.  It 
was  impossible  for  the  men  of  the  eighteenth 
century  to  outdo  some  of  their  predecessors  in 
ferocity.  But  that  callousness,  combined  with 
lack  of  organization  in  providing  for  the  needs 
of  the  unfortunates  in  their  grip,  destroyed  many 
of  their  victims  slowly  and  miserably  is  not  to  be 
doubted. 

MR.  CHARLES  THOMAS-STANFORD,  Vice-Chair- 
man of  the  Council  of  the  Sussex  Archaeological 
Society,  has  in  the  press  '  Sussex  hi  the  Great 
Civil  War  and  the  Interregnum,  1642-1660.'  The 
book  will  be  published  about  August  by  the 
Chiswick  Press,  and  will  be  fully  illustrated.  Any 

g'ofits  from  its  issue  will  be  given  to  the  Barbican 
ouse    Fund   of   the    Society    above   mentioned. 
Subscriptions  may  be  sent  to  Mr.  W.  T.  Cripps, 
Stanford  Estate  Office,  Brighton. 


We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  following 
notices : — 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
ommunications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
bo  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries'" — Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
.ishers  " — at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  B.C. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
3ut  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
leading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head,  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

F.  SCHLOESSER  ("Habacuc  est  capable  de  tout"). 
—See  MR.  CURRY'S  reply,  10  S.  x.  314. 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  9,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


21 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  9,  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  28. 

NOTES:— The  Princes  of  Wales,  21-Swedenborg  MS. 
Missing,  22— Bristol  Booksellers  and  Printers,  28— Mar- 
lowe's '  Epitaph  on  Sir  Roger  Manwood  '—Sir  Matthew 
Philip  — The  Diphthong  "ou,"  24  — 'Alumni  Canta- 
brigienses  '—Designs  for  Somerset  House— Hatless  Craze, 
25— 'Canterbury  Tales ':  Early  Reference— Apprenticeship 
in  1723— Smollett's  "  Hugh  Strap"— Shropshire  Newspaper 
printed  in  London,  26. 

QUERIES:— Lieut.-Col.  Cockburn:  R.  Wright— Gilder- 
sleeve  Family— '  Shaving  Them '—Aldermen  of  London: 
Dates  of  Death— John  Wilkes— T.  L.  Peacock's  Plays- 
Virgil :  "Narcissi  lacrymam,"  27— 'Merry  Wives  of 
Windsor'— New  Bunhill  Fields,  Borough— Dame  Eliza- 
beth Irwin:  Genealogical  Puzzle— Authors  Wanted— 
Money  and  Matrimony— Christmas  Family  of  Bideford, 
03— City  Poll-Books-Genealogical  Tables— Barabbas  a 
Publisher— "  Abraham's  Beard,"  a  Game— Duchess  of 
Palata— St  Agatha  at  Wimborne  —  Botany  :  Flowers 
Blooming  —  Melmont  Berries  =  Juniper  Berries — Shen- 
stone  and  the  Rev.  R.  Graves— Thames  Water  Company 
—Folly:  Place-Name— " The  British  Glory  Revived,"  29. 

REPLIES  :  -Turkey  Captives,  30— The  Edwards,  Kings  of 
England,  31— Bath  King  of  Arms— Tbasts  and  Sentiments 
—Samuel  Mearnes— Paul  Kester— Initials  on  Russian 
Ikon,  32  —  "  Canabull  blue  silke  "  —  Court  Leet— Sir 
Anthony  Standen— Galfrid— Author  Wanted,  33— Edward 
=Iorwerth,  34—'  Jonathan  Sharp  '—George  Knapp,  35— 
Woe  Waters  of  Langton— Nelson's  Birthplace— Seven- 
teenth-Century Biography—  Elephant  and  Castle  in 
Heraldry,  36— Abraham  Farley— " Make "  or  "Mar"  in 
Goldsmith— General  Wolfe's  Death— B.  Rotch,  37— "God 
save  the  People ! "— Greir  Family— St.  Austin's  Gate— 
"  Googlie  "— Rumbelow,  38. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS :— '  Political  Satire  in  English  Poetry ' 
— Reviews  and  Magazines. 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


Jinfes, 

THE    PRINCES    OF    WALES. 

THE  fact  of  the  heir  apparent  to  the  throne, 
who  was  born  on  the  23rd  of  June,  1894, 
being  created  Prince  of  Wales,  should  have 
a  record  in  '  N.  &  Q.*  The  announcement 
was  made  in, an  extraordinary  edition  of 
The  London  Gazette  of  Thursday,  the  23rd 
of  June,  as  follows  : — 

"  The  King  has  been  pleased  to  order  Letters 
Patent  to  be  passed  under  the  Great  Seal  for 
creating  His  Royal  Highness  Prince  Edward 
Albert  Christian  George  Andrew  Patrick  David, 
Duke  of  Cornwall  and  Bothesay,  Earl  of  Carrick, 
Baron  of  Renfrew,  Lord  of  the  Isles  and  Great 
Steward  of  Scotland,  Duke  of  Saxony  and  Prince 
of  Saxe  Coburg  and  Gotha,  Prince  of  Wales  and 
Earl  of  Chester." 

The   Daily   Telegraph  on   the   same   day 
gave  such  a  concise  list  of  all  who  have 
borne  the  title  that  it  should  find  a  place 
in  '  N.  &  Q.*  for  permanent  reference  : — 
Edward  (1284-1327). 

Born  at  Carnarvon.     Created  Prince  of  Wales  in 

February,  1301.     Became  Edward  II.  in  1327. 

Murdered  at  Berkeley  Castle. 


Edward  of  Windsor  (1312-1377). 

There  is  no  documentary  evidence  of  his 
investiture  as  Prince  of  Wales,  but  it  is  believed 
to  have  taken  place  during  the  Parliament  of 
York  in  1322.  Became  Edward  III.  in  1327. 

Edward  of  Woodstock,  the  Black  Prince  (1330- 

1376). 

Created  Prince  of  Wales  1343,  "  par  assant  de 
touz  les  grauntz  d'Engleterre,"  during  the 
Parliament  of  Westminster.  The  flower  of 
English  chivalry.  He  predeceased  his  father. 

Richard  of  Bordeaux  (1367-1399). 

Created  Prince  of  Wales  in  1376,  on  the  death 
of  the  Black  Prince.  Became  Richard  II.  in 
1379. 

Henry  of  Monmouth  (1387-1422). 

Son  of  Henry  IV.  Created  Prince  of  Wales  on 
Oct.  15,  1399,  at  the  age  of  12,  and  became 
Henry  V. 

Edward  of  Westminster  (1453-1471). 

Son  of  Henry  VI.  Created  Prince  of  Wales  in 
his  first  year.  Killed  on  the  field  at  Tewkes- 
bury. 

Edward  of  the  Sanctuary  (1470-1483). 

Son  of  Edward  V.  Created  Prince  of  Wales 
1477.  Murdered  in  the  Tower. 

Edward  of  Middleham  (1474-1484). 

Son  of  Richard  III.  Created  Prince  of 
Wales  July,  1483.  Died  in  Wensleydale  Castle, 
where  he  was  born. 

Arthur  of  Winchester  (1486-1502). 

Son  of  Henry  VII.  An  infant  prodigy  of 
scholarship  and  learning. 

Henry  of  Greenwich  (1491-1549). 

Son  of  Henry  VII.  Created  Prince  of  Wales 
June  22,  1502.  Betrothed  to  Prince  Arthur's 
widow  on  June  25,  1504.  When  he  came  to  the 
throne  in  1509,  as  Henry  VIII.,  Lord  Mountjoy 
wrote  :  "  Heaven  smiles,  the  earth  leaps  with 
gladness,  everything  seems  redolent  with  milk, 
honey,  and  nectar." 

Henry  VIII. 's  only  son  (afterwards  Edward 
VI.)  was  never  created  Prince  of  Wales,  though 
his  father  made  him  Duke  of  Cornwall. 

Henry  of  Stirling  (1594-1612).' 

Son  of  James  I.  Created  Prince  of  Wales  in 
1608.  A  prince,  like  Prince  Arthur,  of  very 
great  popularity  and  learning,  and  his  death 
was  greatly  deplored. 

Charles  (1600-1649). 

Son  of  James  I.  Created  Prince  of  Wales  in 
1616.  Came  to  the  throne  hi  1625.  Beheaded 
1649. 

Charles  of  St.  James's  (1630-1685). 

Afterwards  Charles  II.  It  is  apparently  doubt- 
ful whether  he  was  ever  created  Prince  of 
Wales. 

George  Augustus  (1683-1760). 

Son  of  George  I.  Created  Prince  of  Wales  by 
his  father  ten  days  after  his  landing  in  England, 
Sept.,  1714.  The  first  Prince  of  Wales,  since 
Edward  the  Black  Prince,  who  had  children  in 
the  lifetime  of  his  father.  Became  George  II. 
in  1727. 

Frederick  Louis  (1707-1751). 

Son  of  George  II.  Born  at  Hanover.  Created 
Prince  of  Wales  in  1729.  Throughout  his  life 
always  at  enmity  with  George  II.  and  every 
member  of  his  family. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  n.  JULY  9, 1910. 


George  (1738-1820). 

Son  of  Frederick  Louis.  Created  Pruice  of 
Wales  1751.  Became  George  111.  in  1700. 

George  Augustus  Frederick  (1762-1830). 

Son  of  George  III.  Created  Prince  of  Wales 
when  a  few  days  old.  Became  George  IV.  1820. 

Albert  Edward  (1841-1910). 

Son  of  Queen  Victoria.  Created  Prince  of  Wales 
on  Dec.  4,  1841.  Became  King  Edward  VII. 
1901. 

George  Frederick  (born  1865). 

Son  of  Edward  VII.  Created  Pruice  of  Wales, 
Nov.  9,  1901.  Became  George  V.  May,  1910. 

A.  N.  Q. 


SWEDENBORG    MANUSCRIPT 

MISSING. 

ONE  hundred  and  thirty-eight  years  ago, 
viz.,  on  Sunday,  29  March,  1772,  Emanuel 
Swedenborg  died  in  his  London  lodging 
at  26,  Great  Bath  Street,  Coldbath  Fields, 
s  house  which,  judged  by  its  present  appear- 
ance, must  have  been  a  very  modest  habita- 
tion for  a  man  of  his  social  standing.  His 
"whole  library"  there,  we  are  told,  had 
consisted  of  a  Hebrew  Bible,  and  it  was 
given,  as  his  burial  fee,  to  his  countryman 
Dean  Ferelius.  Some  of  Swedenborg's  MSS. 
(probably  memorandum  books  and  indexes 
to  his  writings)  had  accompanied  his  final 
journey  to  London,  and  these,  with  his 
other  personal  effects,  were  immediately 
after  his  death  dispatched  to  Stockholm 
by  his  friend  and  man-of-business  Mr. 
Charles  Lindegren.  Swedenborg  having  left 
no  will,  all  his  property  passed  into  the 
hands  of  his  heirs-at-law.  His  library, 
which  had  remained  in  Sweden,  was  sold 
at  the  "  Bok- Auctions -Kammaren  i  Stock- 
holm d.  28  Nov.,  1772,'*  and  the  printed 
catalogue  of  the  sale,  reproduced  in  fac- 
simile by  Mr.  Alfred  H.  Stroh  at  Stockholm 
in  1907,  forms  an  interesting  conspectus  of 
the  great  Swede's  multifarious  studies. 

A  month  before  this  sale,  viz.,  on  27 
October,  1772,  the  whole  of  Swedenborg's 
extant  MSS.,  and  the  "author's  copies'*  of 
many  of  his  printed  works,  were,  on  behalf 
of  his  heirs,  formally  presented  to  the  Royal 
Academy  of  Sciences  of  Stockholm,  in  the 
library  of  which  institution  they  have  been 
preserved  ever  since,  though  not  wholly 
exempt  from  vicissitudes.  The  gift  was 
accompanied  by  a  list  of  the  MSS.,  which 
was  printed  at  Stockholm  in  1801,  and  again 
in  1820,  and  is  reproduced,  with  similar 
lists,  upon  pp.  729  to  800  of  Dr.  R.  L. 
Tafel's  collection  of  '  Documents  concern- 
ing Swedenborg,'  vol.  ii.  part  ii.,  London, 
1877. 


Several  of  these  MSS.  which  had  not  been 
published  in  their  author's  lifetime — some- 
of  which,  indeed,  he  seems  to  have  intended 
only  for  his  own  reference — have  been 
since  printed  by  permission  of  the  autho- 
rities of  the  Royal  Academy  of  Sciences,  and 
with  their  co-operation.  Among  these  is  an 
MS.  which  bears  no  title,  but  which  was 
named  by  Benedict  Chastanier  (who  in  1791 
issued  abortive  proposals  for  printing  the 
work)  '  Diarium  Spirituale,*  by  which  title 
it  has  been  subsequently  known.  The 
*  Diarium  Spirituale s  was  printed  by  Dr. 
J.  F.  I.  Tafel,  Librarian  in  the  University 
of  Tubingen,  at  that  town  in  1844-50.  An 
English  translation,  as  "Ihe  Spiritual  Diary/ 
extending  as  far  as  paragraph  1538,  was 
published  in  London  in  1846  ;  and  another, 
continued  to  paragraph  3427,  at  New  York 
and  Boston,  U.S.A.,  in  1850-72.  A  com- 
plete English  translation  appeared  in  London 
in  1883-1902,  and  a  phototyped  facsimile 
of  the  original  MS.  at  Stockholm  in  1901—5. 
In  each  of  these  five  editions  paragraphs 
1  to  148  are  "  conspicuous  by  their  absence"; 
but  in  the  latest  English  version  their 
place  is  occupied  by  a  translation  of  the 
brief  analyses  of  the  contents  of  these  para- 
graphs as  noted  by  their  author  in  his  MS, 
index  to  the  work. 

The  existence  of  this  defect  has  been 
known  from  1772  onwards.  It  is  noted,, 
at  No.  7,  vols.  iv.  and  v.,  in  the  above- 
mentioned  Heirs*  List  compiled  in  that 
year,  but  is  there  exaggerated  so  as  to 
include  paragraphs  1  to  205,  an  error  due 
obviously  to  a  too  hasty  glance  at  the  MS. 
which  upon  its  surface  seems  to  justify  the 
statement.  Special  search  has  been  made 
for  the  missing  section  (e.g.,  by  Dr.  J.  F.  I. 
lafel  at  Stockholm  in  1859,  and  by  his 
nephew,  Dr.  R.  L.  Tafel,  at  the  same  city 
in  1868),  but  without  success ;  and  its- 
disappearance  has  come  to  be  considered- 
absolute  and  complete. 

As  long  ago  as  1842  inquiries  made  on 
behalf  of  the  Swedenborg  Society  elicited 
the  information  that  in  the  library  of  a 
certain  congregation  of  "  New-Church " 
people  was  a  volume  of  Swedenborg's 
writings  to  which  was  affixed  a  fragment  of 
his  MS.  "  evidently  cut  from  some  book.'* 
The  volume  in  question  formed  one  of  the 
"  objects  of  interest ?*  exhibited  to  the- 
visitors  at  the  International  Swedenborg 
Congress  held  in  London  throughout  the- 
week  ending  to-day. 

In  his  copious  '  Bibliography  of  Sweden- 
borg's Works,*  issued  in  1906,  the  editor, 
the  Rev.  James  Hyde,  minutely  describes. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  9,  MO.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


23 


this  fragment,  at  No.  498  in  his  numerical 
system,  dates  it  1747,  and  proceeds  to  draw 
attention  to  the  connexion  of  its  subject- 
matter  with  paragraphs  28  and  29  in  the 
missing  section  of  the  '  Diarium  Spirituale.' 
Renewing  and  extending  his  researches  into 
this  suggested  parallelism,  Mr.  Hyde  pub- 
lished their  result  in  The  New  Church 
Review  (Philadelphia,  U.S.A.)  for  July, 
1 907.  Briefly  stated,  Mr.  Hyde's  conclusions 
are  that  paragraphs  1  to  148  of  these 
"  memorabilia "  were  written  by  Sweden- 
borg  at  Stockholm  within  the  months 
January  to  July,  1747,  in  a  book  entirely 
distinct  from  that,  or  those,  in  which  he 
subsequently  penned  paragraphs  149  to 
6096  ;  and  that  the  fragment  described  at 
No.  498  in  the  '  Swedenborg  Bibliography ' 
is  a  part  of  that  first  used  volume  which  is 
now,  apparently,  lost. 

The  whole  subject  is  discussed  at  length 
in  an  article,  divided  into  three  sections, 
which  appears  in  The  New  Church  Magazine 
for  February,  March,  and  April  of  the 
present  year,  to  the  last-named  of  which  is 
prefixed  a  facsimile  of  the  resuscitated  frag- 
ment. The  Magazine  is  procurable  at  the 
Swedenborg  Society's  house,  1,  Bloomsbury 
Street,  W.C.,  or  it  can  be  consulted  in  many 
Free  Libraries  throughout  the  country. 

Meanwhile,  may  I  appeal  to  all  my  readers 
who  possess,  or  know  of*  any  anonymous 
Latin  MSS.  of  the  eighteenth  century, 
to  examine  them  with  a  view  to  ascertain 
if  they  include  "  a  volume  [bound  or  un- 
bound] measuring  12  J  by  8  inches,  probably 
without  title-page  or  page -headings,  and 
containing  paragraphs  numbered  1  to  148, 
whereof  No.  29  lacks  the  concluding  por- 
tion *'  ?  A  copy  of  the  facsimile  of  the  newly 
identified  fragment  already  mentioned  will 
be  forwarded  to  all  applicants  by  Mr.  James 
Speirs,  1,  Bloomsbury  Street,  W.C.  It  will 
serve  as  a  clue  to  facilitate  the  search  for 
which  I  plead,  and  he  or  I  will  gladly  receive 
particulars  of  any  successful  results. 

CHARLES  HIGHAM. 

169,  Grove  Lane,  Camberwell,  S.E. 


BRISTOL   BOOKSELLERS    AND 

PRINTERS. 

W.  C.  B.'s  list  at  10  S.  v.  141  I  did  not  see, 
but  I  venture  to  submit  some  names  in 
addition  to  those  Bristol  booksellers  and 
printers  appearing  in  his  second  list,  US. 
i.  304.  The  dates  I  give  are  the  earliest 
hitherto  noted,  but  the  address  is  not,  in 
quite  every  case,  that  of  the  year  given  : — 


Eliazer  Edgar,  admitted  to  the  freedom  in  June, 
1620,  "  for  the  using  of  the  trade  of  binding  and 
selling  books." 

J.  B.  Beckett,  Corn  Street,  1774 

William  Browne,  1792 

Ann  Bryan,  51,  Corn  Street,  1794 

Thomas  Cocking,  Small  Street,  1767 

B.  Edwards,  Broad  Street,  1796 

S.  Farley  &  Son,  Small  Street,  1758 

Felix  Farley,  Castle  Green,  1734 

Hester  Farley,  Castle  Green,  1774 

Grabham  &  Pine,  1760 

Henry  Greep,  Bridewell  Lane,  1715 

Benjamin  Hickey,  Nicholas  Street,  1742 

Andrew  Hooke,  Shannon  Court,  1745 

Mrs.  Hooke,  Maiden  Tavern,  Baldwin  Street,  1753: 

William  Huston,  4,  Castle  Green,  1791 

Lancaster  &  Edwards,  Redcliff  Street,  1792 

W.  Pine  &  Son,  Wine  Street,  1753 

James  Sketchley,  27,  Small  Street,  1775 

T.  Smart,  St.  John  Street,  1792 

Edward  Ward,  Castle  Street,  1749 

Mary  Ward,  1774 

Mary  Ward  &  Son,  Corn  Street,  1781 

J.  Watts,  Shannon  Court,  1742 

Thomas  Whitehead,  Broadmead,  1709 

William  Bonny,  mentioned  by  W.  C.  B.r 
was  the  first  man  to  set  up  an  independent 
permanent  press  in  Bristol.  He  was  origin- 
ally in  business  in  London,  where  he  had 
met  with  little  success.  When,  in  1695,. 
Parliament  omitted  to  continue  the  law  sub- 
jecting all  printed  books  and  pamphlets  to 
official  censorship,  and  virtually  confining 
the  provincial  press  of  England  to  Oxford,. 
Cambridge,  and  York,  Bonny  obtained 
leave  from  the  Corporation  of  Bristol  to 
start  in  business  as  a  printer,  in  the  city,, 
but,  out  of  consideration  for  the  local  book- 
sellers, it  was  stipulated  that  he  should 
carry  on  no  other  business  than  that  of  a 
printer. 

Bonny  printed  John  Gary's  *  An  Essay  on 
the  State  of  England,  in  relation  to  its 
Trade,  its  Poor,  and  its  Taxes.  For  carrying 
on  the  Present  War  against  France,1  which 
was  published  in  November,  1695,  and  was 
the  first  book  printed  at  Bristol  by  a  per- 
manently established  local  press.  John 
Locke  said  it  was  the  best  book  on  the 
subject  of  trade  that  he  had  ever  read. 
Gary  was  a  freeman  and  merchant  of  Bristol,, 
and  his  subsequent  essay  on  pauperism 
led  to  the  establishment,  in  May,  1696,  of 
the  Bristol  Incorporation  of  the  Poor — the 
first  body  of  the  kind  in  this  country 
created  by  Act  of  Parliament.  The  name 
continued  in  use  until  1898,  when  it  wa& 
changed  to  Bristol  Board  of  Guardians. 

We  owe  to  Bonny  the  earliest  newspaper 
published  in  Bristol.  This  was  The  Bristol 
Post-Boy.  The  first  numbers  are  lost,  but 
if  No.  91,  issued  on  12  Aug.,  1704,  represents 
a  correct  numbering,  then  the  first  copy 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  IL  JULY  9, 1910. 


appeared  in  November,  1702.  That  must  no 
be    accepted    as    proved,    for    those    earlj 
printers  were  a  little  careless  in  the  matte 
of    numbering.     Still,    there    is    very  good 
reason  for  believing  that  1702  was  the  year  o 
the  start  of  the  enterprise  at  offices  in  Corn 
Street,  where,  apparently  freed  from  the  re 
strictions  imposed  when  he  came  to  Bristol 
the  printer  dealt  in  charcoal,  old  rope,  Bibles 
Welsh  prayer-books,  music,  maps,   paper 
hangings,  and  forms  for  the  use  of  ale-house 
keepers  and  officers  on  privateers. 

In  1713  Samuel  Farley  published  the 
first  number  of  his  Postman,  the  ancestor  o 
the  present  Times  and  Mirror,  and  the 
Postman  soon  sent  the  Post-Boy  to  oblivion 
If,  indeed,  the  latter  had  not  gone  there 
before  the  stronger  paper's  advent. 

CHABLES  WELLS. 

Bristol. 

"^MABLOWE'S     '  EPITAPH    ON    SIB    ROGEB 
MANWOOD.*     (See  11  S.  i.  459.) — The  copy 
of    Marlowe    and    Chapman's    '  Hero    anc 
Leander,*  1629,  in  which  this  Latin  epitaph 
is  written  on  the  back  of  the  title-page,  is  stil" 
in  my  possession.     It  was  lot  1415  in  Heber's 
sale    of    Old    Poetry,    held    at    Sotheby's 
8  December,   1834,  and  fourteen  following 
days.     The  note  uj)on  the  lot  shows  that 
the  book  was  then  in  its  present  condition, 
except  that  the  late  Mr.  Ouvry,  after  it  had 
passed   into    his   hands,    had   it   bound    in 
morocco   by   Riviere.     At   Heber's   sale   it 
was  bought  by   John  Payne   Collier,   who 
parted  with  it  to  Mr.  Ouvry,  at  whose  sale 
it  came  into  my  possession.     Owing  to  the 
volume  having  been  Collier's  property,  some 
doubt  has  been  thrown  upon  the  authenticity 
of  the  manuscript  notes  in  the  book,  and  some 
correspondence  took  place  in  '  N.  &  Q.1  on 
the  subject  (6  S.  xi.  305,  352  ;   xii.  15).     Mr. 
Arthur  Bullen,  who  printed  the  epitaph  in 
his  edition   of  Marlowe   (Introduction,   pp. 
xii,  xiii),  said  that  it  had  "  every  appearance 
of  being  genuine "  ;   and  a  few  years  ago, 
when  he  contemplated  bringing  out  a  new 
edition  of  the  dramatist,  he  borrowed  the 
book  from  me,  and    had    the  page  bearing 
the   inscription  photographed.      The  result 
of  his  examination  was,  I  believe,  to  confirm 
him  in  his  previous  view,  though  it  cannot, 
of  course,  be  stated  with  absolute  certainty 
that  the  epitaph  was  written  by  Marlowe. 
W.  F.  PBIDEATJX. 

SIB  MATTHEW  PHILIP,  MAYOB  OF  LONDON. 
— In  Metcalfe's  '  Book  of  Knights  l  Sir  M. 
Philip  is  said  (on  the  authority  of  Sir  N.  H. 
Nicolas's  '  Orders  of  Knighthood  *)  to  have 


been  made  a  Knight  of  the  Bath  in  1464 
(sic)  at  the  coronation  of  Elizabeth,  queen  of 
Edward  IV.,  20  May  (sic). 

My  friend  Dr.  W.  A.  Shaw  in  his  *  Knights 
of  England,*  i.  134-5,  gives  the  same  list  as 
that  which  Metcalfe  copies  from  Nicolas,  but 
with  the  correct  date  of  the  coronation,  viz., 
26  May,  1465,  and  describing  Philip  as 
a  "  citizen  of  London." 

Unless  there  were  two  contemporary 
London  civic  knights  of  this  name,  of  which 
there  is  absolutely  no  evidence,  I  am  confi- 
dent that  the  list  of  Knights  of  the  Bath 
from  which  Nicolas  and  Dr.  Shaw  copied  is 
wrong  in  including  Philip  amongst  them. 

Philip,  the  alderman  who  was  Mayor 
1463-4,  was  not  knighted  till  May,  1471, 
when  he  was  one  of  twelve  aldermen  who 
received  ordinary  knighthood,  not  that 
of  the  Bath.  This  list,  with  Philip's  name 
included,  is  given  by  Dr.  Shaw  in  his  second 
volume  (p.  16). 

There  is  both  positive  and  negative 
evidence  that  Philip  was  not  knighted 
before  1471,  and  that  he  was  not  one  of  the 
batch  of  Knights  of  the  Bath  made  in  1465. 

1.  His  name,  with  that  of  the  other  eleven 
aldermen  included  with  him  in  the  knighting 
of  1471,  receives  the  prefix   "  Sir  "  in  the 
City   records    after   that    date,    and   never 
before  it. 

2.  Gregory's    *  Chronicle  ' — the    work    of 
one    who    had    himself    been    Mayor    and 
alderman — records  the  coronation  of  Eliza- 
beth, and  says  :    "  These  v  aldyrmen  were 
made  knyghtys  of  the  Bathe  "  ;  and  after 
recording  their  names — which,   divested  of 
orthographic   variants,   are   those   generally 
known  as  Wyche,  Cooke,  Josselyn,  Plomer, 
and  Waver — he  adds  :    "  And  no  moo  of  the 

ytte  but  thes  v,  and  hyt  ys  a  grete 
worschyppe  unto  alle  the  cytte  "  (p.  228). 

It  is  clear  from  this  that  Philip,  who  was 
then  alderman  and  ex -May  or,  was  not  in- 

luded  in  the  list  of  the  Knights  of  the  Bath 
made  at  Elizabeth's  coronation,  nor  is  it 
Drobable  that  any  other  "  citizen  of  London  " 
>f  the  same  name  was  then  a  recipient  of  the 
lonour.  ALFBED  B.  BEAVEN. 

Leamington. 

THE  DIPHTHONG  "  ou." — I  have  nowhere 
een  it  definitely  stated  that  the  diphthong 
>u,  as  employed  in  modern  English,  almost 
nvariably  indicates  a  French  spelling. 
This  is  a  very  useful  fact. 

Of  course,  it  constantly  occurs  in  native 
English  words,  such  as  out.  But  this  is  only 
>ecause  the  Normans,  who  obligingly  re- 
pelt  our  language  for  us,  used  the  symbol 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  9,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ou  to  represent  the  A.-S.  u,  especially 
when  long.  That  is  how  the  A.-S.  ut  came 
to  be  respelt  as  out.  I  need  not  take  into 
consideration  the  hundreds  of  other  cases. 

But  it  is  even  more  interesting  to  notice 
how  the  rule  applies  to  words  of  wholly 
foreign  origin.  Thus  knout  is  a  French 
spelling  of  a  Russian  word,  though  the 
Russian  word  was  itself  of  Scandinavian 
origin. 

Caoutchouc  is  a  French  spelling  of  a 
Caribbean  word  ;  tourmaline  is  a  French 
spelling  of  a  Cingalese  word  ;  patchouli 
is  a  French  spelling  of  a  word  of  Indian 
origin.  Even  in  such  a  word  as  ghoul, 
which  might  have  been  taken  immediately 
from  Arabic,  it  is  a  fact  that  it  first  appears 
in  Beckford's  *  Vathek  *  as  goule,  which  is 
simply  the  French  form.  I  doubt  if  there 
are  numerous  exceptions.  Many  languages 
avoid  ou  altogether.  WALTE^B  W.  SKEAT. 

'  ALUMNI  CANTABBIGIENSES  ' :  '  ALUMNI 
OXONIENSES.' — May  one  suggest  that  the 
editors  of  the  Cambridge  work  would  do  well 
to  avoid  such  conjectural  amendments  as 
mar  the  like  work  dealing  with  Oxford  men  ? 
Let  mo  illustrate  the  matter  from  my  own 
case. 

I  was  born  at  Irthlingborough  in  North- 
amptonshire. It  is  not  to  my  present 
purpose  that  the  birthplace  was  accidental. 
My  grandfather  was  rector  of  a  neighbouring 
parish,  and  my  father,  a  barrister  living  in 
London,  rented  for  the  summer  a  house  in 
Irthlingborough.  The  clerk  who  entered 
my  name  in  the  Oxford  Register,  mistaking 
the  registrar's  nourished  I  for  an  O,  wrote  the 
village  name  as  Orthlingborough.  The 
editor  of  '  Alumni  Oxonienses,1  finding  no 
village  of  that  name,  printed  the  village 
name  as  Orlingbury,  the  name  of  a  parish 
in  the  same  county. 

I  could  show  that  this  form  of  error  is 
common  in  the  work,  and  I  should  like  to 
suggest  that  such  conjectural  amendments, 
almost  sure  to  be  wrong,  should  find  no 
place  in  the  forthcoming  Cambridge  list. 

J.  S. 

SOMERSET  HOUSE  :  ROBINSON'S  AND 
CHAMBEBS'S  DESIGNS. — Josephi  Baretti's 
'  Guide  through  the  Royal  Academy,*  pub- 
lished in  1780,  is,  I  believe,  the  first  work  or 
pamphlet  describing  Somerset  House,  or 
what  was  completed  of  it  at  that  date. 
It  contains  a  great  deal  of  detail  to  which 
neither  Mr.  F.  A.  Eaton  in  *  The  Royal 
Academy  and  its  Members  *  nor  Messrs. 
Needham  and  Webster  in  '  Somerset  House 


Past  and  Present '  have  given  sufficient 
attention.  In  dealing  with  the  first  plan 
for  the  building  the  latter  work  says  that 
"  a  Mr.  Robinson,"  Secretary  to  the  Board 
of  Works,  had  prepared  designs  for  a  new 
building  : — 

"  These  designs,  as  might  be  expected,  were 
little  better  than  builders'  drawings  for  a  plain 
substantial  structure ....  without  pretension  to- 
the  first  proportion  and  disposition  of  parts  which 
distinguish  true  architecture." 

Did  the  writers  of  that  remark  see  these 
plans,  or  is  their  opinion  based  upon  the  fact 
that  they  were  only  designed  by  a  Secretary 
to  the  Board  of  Works  ?  They  add,  "  Mr. 
Robinson's  designs  were  laid  aside,"  but 
qualify  this  by  a  foot-note  : — 

"  Actually  they  were  handed  to  Sir  William 
Chambers,  but  were"  found  to  be  of  no  service, 
and  were  not  in  any  way  embodied  in  the  new 
scheme.'* 

Baretti's  rendering  of  this  incident  gives  a 
different  succession  of  events  : — 

"  The  late  Mr.  Robinson was  the  person  first 

appointed  to  conduct  this  great  edifice  ;  and  the 
buildings  were  to  be  erected  in  a  plain  manner, 
rather  with  a  view  to  convenience  than  ornament." 

Then  it  was  decided  to  make  it 
"  a  monument  of  the  taste  and  elegance  of  his 
Majesty's  Reign.  Mr.  Robinson  made  some 
attempts  upon  this  double  idea  ;  but  he  dying 
before  anything  was  begun,  or  any  of  the  Designs 
compleated,  Sir  William  Chambers  was,  at  the 
King's  request,  appointed  to  succeed  him  in 
October,  1775,  and  all  Mr.  Robinson's  Designs 
were  delivered  to  him  ;  of  which,  however,  he 
made  no  use,  as  he  thought  of  a  quite  different 
disposition  ;  nor  is  there  the  least  resemblance 
between  his  Designs  and  those  of  Mr.  Robinson, 
all  of  which  I  have  more  than  once  seen  and  con- 
sidered with  sufficient  leisure  and  attention." 

Clearly  this  indicates  that  the  simplicity  of 
the  first  plans  was  not  a  matter  of  choice, 
and  the  more  decorative,  but  unfinished 
designs  prepared  by  Robinson  were  dis- 
regarded, not  because  "  they  were  found  to 
be  of  no  service,**  but  for  the  better  reason 
that  Chambers  planned  a  different  disposi- 
tion of  the  buildings. 

ALECK  ABBAHAMS. 

THE  HATLESS  CBAZE. — When  did  English 
people  begin  to  find  out  that  all  civilized 
nations  until  the  last  few  years  had  been 
entirely  wrong  in  wearing  caps  or  hats  out  of 
doors  ?  These  useful  articles  now  appear 
likely  soon  to  become  obsolete,  ana  it  may 
be  well  to  put  on  record  some  dates  connected 
with  their  disuse. 

Here  in  Durham  it  began  with  a  few  of  the 
undergraduates — I  cannot  say  exactly  when, 
but  I  have  notes  that  it  was  prevailing 


26 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  ir.  JULY  9, 1910. 


greatly  in  November,  1906  ;  in  June,  1908,  it 
was  on  the  increase  ;  and  now,  in  June, 
1910,  caps  are  becoming  quite  exceptional 
among  undergraduate  men,  and  seem  likely 
soon  to  be  confined  to  Dons  and  women 
students.  The  cap  no  less  than  the  gown  is  a 
part  of  the  proper  academical  costume,  and  a 
shilling  fine  at  the  first  would  have  stopped 
the  irregularity  in  a  week.  One  result  is  that 
the  old  interchange  of  courtesy  between 
undergraduates  and  Dons  by  mutual  "  cap- 
ping "  is  becoming  impossible.  The  disuse 
of  the  cap  is  just  a  fashion  of  the  day,  based 
partly  on  convenience,  and  partly  on  that 
dislike  to  uniform  which  we  now  see  in  the 
Army  and  Navy,  and  among  servants.  We 
have  a  Territorial  corps  here,  but  none  of 
its  members  would  ever  think  of  going  about 
without  their  caps  when  on  duty,  because 
discipline  is  better  maintained  by  their 
officers  than  by  those  of  the  University, 
and  the  men  themselves  seem  to  think  more 
of  their  corps  than  of  their  Alma  Mater. 
But  it  is  not  only  while  on  duty  that  caps 
are  dispensed  with.  One  day  I  met  a  young 
friend  returning  from  an  afternoon  walk 
gracefully  handling  a  walking  cane,  but 
with  nothing  on  his  head  except  that 
covering  which  nature  had. so  bountifully 
provided. 

The  craze  is  extending  into  clerical  life. 
I  have  just  heard  of  a  curate  who  goes  about 
in  greatcoat  and  gloves,  but  without  a  hat. 
It  has  also  invaded  the  nursery.  I  now  see 
dear  little  boys,  breeched  for  the  first  time, 
and  the  pride  of  their  parents,  going  out 
Hatless  with  their  nursemaids,  and  thus 
doubly  asserting  their  early  manhood. 

J.  T.  F. 

Durham. 

CHAUCER'S  *  CANTERBURY  TALES  * :  EARLY 
REFERENCE.— The  will  of  Richard  Sothe- 
worth,  clerk  (P.C.C.  44,  Marche),  dated  the  eve 
of  St.  Andrew  the  Apostle,  1417,  and  proved 
20  May,  1419,  makes  mention,  among  other 
books,  of  his  copy  of  the  '  Canterbury 
Tales  *  ("  quendam  libru'  meu*  de  Cantrbury 
Tales  ").  This  is  surely  a  very  early  note 
of  the  work.  The  will  was  sealed  at  South- 
morton,  but  the  testator  speaks  of  his  church 
of  Esthenreth  (East  Hendred,  Berks). 

F.  S.  SNELL. 

APPRENTICESHIP  IN  1723.— -The  subjoined 
letter  is  contained  among  the  papers  pre- 
served at  SS.  Anne  and  Agnes  Church.  Con- 
taining as  it  does  no  apparent  local  reference, 
I  have  thought  it  more  suited  to  the  columns 
Of  *N.  &  Q.'  than  to  the  pages  of  my 


Records.*  Notwithstanding  its  ex  parte 
character,  the  letter  may  doubtless  be  held 
of  value  for  its  light  upon  what  was,  in  all 
probability,  the  too  common  experience  of 
the  poor  apprentice  in  the  "  good  old 
days  n  : — 

Sunderland,  May  ye  10 :  1723. 

Dear  Sister,  I  am  very  sory  to  hear  that  you  have 
Not  heard  from  me  this  four  months,  makes  me 
doubt  you  have  not  Received  my  last  Letter  which 
Menshon'd  something  of  my  hard  Usage  which 
was  known  to  be  very  hard  at  that  Time  which 
all  my  neigbours  can  very  well  tell,  for  my  master 
threaten'd  to  send  me  aboard  of  a  Ship,  and  Like- 
wise Hee'd  make  me  an  intire  Slave  dureing  my 
prentisship  in  spite  of  my  Bondesmen  or  any  friend 
I  could  procure  to  Looke  after  me,  which  god  knows 
I  have  none  but  what  pleases  my  Bondsmen  to  do 
for  me,  so  I  leave  it  to  their  discression.  But  I 
crave  y"  Favour  they  will  Be  so  kind  as  eighther  to 
take  me  away  or  otherwise  Let  me  have  the  coorse 
of  my  Indentures.  So  no  more  at  present,  But  I 
remain  your  ever  Loving  Brother  Matthias  Stand- 
fast: Pray  present  my  Humble  Servise  to  all  my 
Scoolfellows  and  all  y*  Ask  after  me. 

Mrs.  Catherine  Standfast,  at  Mr.  Bay's  in  Fell 
Court  in  Fell  Street  near  Criplegate,  London. 

The  letter  is  written  in  a  clear  hand  on 
paper  of  folio  size,  folded  and  postmarked. 
WILLIAM  MCMURRAY. 

SMOLLETT'S  "HUGH  STRAP."  —  The 
Monthly  Magazine  of  May,  1809,  records  the 
death  at  the  Lodge,  Villier's  Walk,  Adelphi,  of 
Mr.  Hugh  Hewson,  at  the  age  of  eighty -five, 
and  states  that  he  was  "  the  identical  Hugh 
Strap  whom  Dr.  Smollett  has  rendered  so 
conspicuously  interesting,"'  &c.  Hewson  for 
over  forty  years  had  kept  a  hairdresser's 
shop  in  the  parish  of  St.  Martin's-in-the- 
Fields.  The  writer  of  the  notice  says  "we 
understand  the  deceased  left  behind  him  an 
interlined  copy  of  *  Roderick  Random,' 
with  comments  on  some  of  the  passages.'1 
According  to  Nichols,  '  Lit.  Anec.,*  iii.  465, 
the  original  of  this  character  was  supposed 
to  be  Lewis,  a  bookbinder  of  Chelsea. 

W.  ROBERTS. 

SHROPSHIRE  NEWSPAPER  PRINTED  >  IN 
LONDON. — From  a  fragment  of  The  Shrop- 
shire Journal,  with  the  History  of  the  Holy 
Bible,  for  Monday,  12  Feb.,  1738/9,  it 
appears  that  so  far  from  being  a  real  local 
periodical  it  came  from  a  metropolitan  press 
"  London  :  Printed  by  R.  Walker  in  Fleet 
Lane.  Of  whom,  and  of  the  Person  who 
serves  this  paper  may  be  had  the  former 
numbers  to  compleat  Sets.'1  The  paper 
then  claimed  to  have  reached  its  seven ty- 
third  number.  WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 

Manchester. 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  9,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


27 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to.them  direct. 

LIEUT. -CoL.  COCKBTJRN,  K.A.  :  ROBERT 
BRIGHT. — I  desire — for  historical  purposes — 
to  hear  of  the  representatives  of  Col.  Cock- 
burn,  R.A.,  who  was  a  most  accomplished 
officer  in  Canada  in  the  thirties  of  last 
-century,  and  whose  grandson  Major-General 
C.  F.  Cockburn,  R.A.,  died  a  few  months 
since  in  the  South  of  England. 

I  also  desire  similar  information  about 
Robert  Wright,  who  published  in  1864 
&  Life  of  General  Wolfe. 

DAVID  Ross  McCoRD,  K.C. 

Temple  Grove,  Montreal. 

GILDERSLEEVE    FAMILY. — We    have    fol- 
lowed the  name  of  our  family  back  to  1273 
in  the  county  of  Norfolk,  England.     This 
person  was  Roger  Gyldersleve,  as  stated  by 
the  Hundred  Rolls.     Some  people,  however, 
think  that  the  family  came  from  Holland. 
We  should  be  very  grateful  for  any  informa- 
tion on  the  subject.     Please  reply  direct. 
OLIVER  GILDERSLEEVE,  Jun. 
Gildersleeve,  Connecticut. 

'SHAVING  THEM,'  BY  TITUS  A.  BRICK. — 
1  wish  to  learn  who  was  the  author  of 
".  Shaving  Them ;  or,  The  Adventures  of 
Three  Yankees  on  the  Continent  of  Europe. 
Edited  by  Titus  A.  Brick,  Esq.  London, 
John  Camden  Hotten,  74  and  75,  Picca- 
dilly," pp.  230. 

'.The  title-page  has  no  year  of  issue,  but 
the  publisher's  advertisements  at  the  end  are 
dated  1872.  The  British  Museum  Cata- 
logue treats  the  book  as  anonymous,  entering 
it  under  '  Yankees.1  It  does  not  appear  in 
Halkett  and  Laing.  Has  the  work  been 
reprinted  ?  P.  J.  ANDERSON. 

Aberdeen  University  Library. 

ALDERMEN  OF  LONDON  :  DATES  OF  DEATH 
WANTED. — Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.1 
supply  me  with  dates,  actual  or  approximate, 
of  death  of  any  of  the  following,  all  of 
whom  were  at  various  periods  aldermen  of 
London  ? 

Alexander  Bence  (M.P.  Suffolk  1654,  Master  Trinity 

rlouse  iDOtJ-oO). 
Tempest  Milner  (Sheriff  London  1656-7). 

R?^iavnd  Winn  or  Wynn  (Committee  E.I.C.  1670- 
16/7). 

Sir  William  Bateman  (knighted  May,  1660). 
Nicholas  Delves  (tM,P.  Hastings  1660)! 


Sir   William    Warren    (frequently  mentioned   by 

Pepys  ;  knighted  April,  1661). 

Sir  Charles  Doe  (knighted  while  Sheriff,  June,  1665). 
John  Owen,  stationer  (Colonel  of  the  Yellow  Regi- 


ment 

Sir  Ralph  Ratcliff  of  Hitchin  (knighted  Feb.,  1668). 
Dannet  Forth  (Alderman  of  Cheap  1669-76,  Sheriff 

1670-71). 

Sir  Edward  Waldoe  (knighted  Oct.,  1677). 
Sir  Thomas  Griffiths  (knighted  Jan.,  1682). 
Alexander  Master  (Sheriff  London  1758-9). 
Thomas  Wooldridge  (Alderman  Bridge  Ward  1776- 

ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 
Leamington. 

JOHN  WILKES. — Being  engaged  in  collect- 
ing materials  for  a  Life  of  Wilkes,  I  shall  be 
greatly  obliged  if  some  of  my  fellow-contribu- 
tors to  *  N.  &  Q.'  can  give  me  information 
about  any  unpublished  manuscripts  con- 
cerning the  famous  politician. 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 
Fox  Oak,  Hersham,  Surrey. 

T.  L.  PEACOCK'S  PLAYS. — I  am  editing 
for  publication  in  the  autumn  the  plays  of 
T.  L.  Peacock,  of  which  mention  has 
already  been  made  in  '  N.  &  Q.,*  and  should 
be  grateful  to  any  reader  who  could  supply 
me  with  references  to  their  existence  made 
before  1904.  I  am  acquainted  with  Sir 
Henry  Cole's  brief  allusion  to  them. 

A.  B.  YOUNG,  M.A.,  Ph.D. 
4,  Cardigan  Terrace,  Northgate,  Wakefield. 

VIRGIL,  '.GEORG.'  IV.  122:  "NARCISSI 
LACRYMAM." — What  did  Virgil  mean  by 
this  "  tear  of  Narcissus,"-  employed  by  his 
bees  in  building  up  their  combs  ?  Was  he 
thinking  of  their  nectaries,  or  of  their  pollen, 
or  of  dew  and  rain  clinging  to  the  petals  ? 
Milton  annexes  the  phrase,  bidding  daffa- 
dillies  fill  their  cups  with  tears  to  bedew  the 
hearse  of  Lycidas ;  but  Milton  who  saw 
plants  not  in  nature,  but  in  books,  and  never 
worried  himself  about  floral  consistency,  was 
merely  imitating  Virgil. 

Wliat,  again,  was  Virgil's  narcissus  ?  The 
commentators  make  it  a  daffodil,  Narcissus 
poeticus,  or  N.  serotinus  of  our  flora.  Linnaeus 
too  assumed  it  to  be  a  daffodil,  having  in 
mind  the  legend  of  the  lovesick  youth 
concerning  whom  Ovid  sang  and  Bacon 
moralized.  But  Proserpine  was  gathering 
narcissi  in  Sicilian  fields  centuries  before 
Narcissus  was  born,  and  she  wore  them  as  an 
appropriate  crown  in  hell.  In  the  Athens 
chorus  the  flower  is  called  by  Sophocles 

AAt'/itoTpog,  an  epithet  which  fails  to 
suit  the .  daffodil ;  and  its  derivation,  the 
Sanskrit  nark— hell,  points  to  a  narcotic 
effect  of  the  scent  which  the  daffodil  does' 


28 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  JULY  9,  mo. 


not  possess.  If,  as  some  think,  Sophocles 
meant  the  hyacinth,  which  is  at  once  fair- 
clustering  and  narcotic,  when  did  the  flower 
change  its  name  ?  and,  once  more,  what  was 
its  tear  ?  W.  T. 

6  MEBBY  WIVES  OF  WINDSOR,*  III.  i.  5. — 
In  his  answer  to  the  question  of  Sir  Hugh 
Evans,  Simple  says:  "Marry,  sir,  the  pittie- 
ward,  the  park-ward,  every  way,"  &c. 
Here  I  would  read  "  the  spittle-w&Td.*'  For 
in  what  direction  would  one  be  more  likely  to 
look  for  "  Master  Caius,  that  calls  himself 
doctor  of  physic  "  ? 

In  *  Every  Man  in  his  Humour,1  I.  i., 
Jonson  writes  : — 

From  the  Bordello  it  might  come  as  well, 

The  Spittle  or  Pict-hatch ; 

where  Gifford  notes  : — 

"Here  the  allusion  is  local,  and  without  doubt 
applies  to  the  Loke  or  Lock,  a  spittle  for  venereal 
patients,  situated,  as  Whalley  ooserves,  at  Rings- 
land  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Hogsden." 

Was  there  one  at  Frogmore  or  at  Windsor  ? 
Perhaps  some  local  archaeologist  will  help 
me.  K.  D. 

NEW  BUNHILL  FIELDS,  DEVEBELL  STBEET, 
BOBOUGH. — Where  am  I  likely  to  find  the 
records  of  burials  in  this  place  ?  An 
ancestor  of  mine  was  buried  there  in  1832. 
Basil  Holmes  in  'The  London  Burial- 
Grounds,'  p.  308,  states  that  it  was  closed  in 
1853.  E.  A.  FBY. 

227,  Strand. 

DAME  ELIZABETH  IBWIN  :  SIB  JOHN 
MUBBAY  :  GENEALOGICAL  PUZZLE. — Eliza- 
beth Bunbury,  formerly  Dame  Elizabeth 
Irwin  of  the  city  of  Dublin,  made  her  will 
with  a  codicil  20  February,  1720  (1720/21). 
She  signs  them  Eliz.  Irwin.  She  mentions 
her  husband  Walter  Bunbury,  her  brother 
Sir  John  Murray,  her  sister  Lillias  Byrne,  her 
niece  Hellen  Fox,  her  daughter-in-law 
Lettice  Bladin  (sic)  alias  Loftus,  her  late 
husband  Mr.  Broughton.  She  desires  to  be 
buried  in  the  parish  church  of  Lambeth. 

Elizabeth  Broughton,  widow,  and  Walter 
Bunbury  were  married  in  Dublin  in  1720. 
The  will  was  proved  in  the  Prerogative 
Court,  Ireland,  24  February,  1735/6.  Mus- 
grave's  *  Obituary '-  (Harleian  Soc.)  has  the 
death,  7  February,  1736,  of  the  Lady  of  Sir 
John  Irwin,  Bt.  (?  relict  of  Sir  Gerard).  Is 
this  the  same  lady  ?  Who  was  she  ?  And 
who  was  "  Sir "  John  Murray  living  in 
1720  ?  He  is  not  to  be  found  in  G.  E.  C.'s 
'  Complete  Baronetage  *  nor  in  Shaw's 
'  Knights  of  England.* 


Lillias  Byrne  was  widow  of  William 
Byrne  of  Dublin,  surgeon,  whose  will,  dated 
19  September,  1699,  was  proved  12  October 
following.  William  Byrne  and  Lillius  (sic) 
Murray  alias  Reade  were  married  at  St. 
John's  Church,  Dublin,  16  July,  1695. 
Lettice,  only  surviving  child  of  Dudley 
Loftus,  LL.D.,  and  Frances,  daughter  of 
Patrick  Nangle,  married  Charles  Bladen. 
How  was  she  *'  daughter-in-law  "  to  Dame 
Elizabeth  Irwin  ?  G.  D.  B. 

AUTHOBS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 
Can  you  tell  me  the  authors  of  the  following  ? 

1.  He  sailed  into  the  setting  sun,  and  left  sweet 
music  in  Cathay. 

2.  May  the  sun  of  thy  life,  like  that  of  the  morn,  be 
an  ascending  one !    Whether  its  rays  rise  in  mist 
or  pure  air,  it  is  all  one  if  only  the  light  increase,  if 
only  the  day  brighten. 

MABY  A.  FELL,  Librarian. 
Philadelphia  City  Institute  Free  Library. 

What  Hell  may  be  I  know  not.    This  I  know  : 

I  cannot  lose  the  presence  of  the  Lord. 

One  arm,  humility,  takes  hold  upon 

His  dear  humanity  :  the  other,  love, 

Clasps  His  divinity,  so  where  I  go 

He  goes  ;  and  better  fire-walled  Hell  with  Him 

Than  golden-gated  Paradise  without. 

HENBY  SAMUEL  BBANDBETH. 

Launched  point-blank  his  dart 

At  the  head  of  a  lie,  taught  original  sin 

The  corruption  of  man's  heart. 

NOBTH  MIDLAND. 

MONEY  AND  MATBIMONY. — The  following 
quotation  is  prefixed  to  the  English  transla- 
tion of  Zola's  '  Money  * : — 

"  God  has  set  the  world  on  two  pillars,  Money 
and  Matrimony ;  and  on  the  right  use  of  money, 
and  on  the  right  relations  of  the  two  sexes,  every- 
thing depends."— C.  MERIVALE,  Dean  of  Ely. 
Could  any  one  oblige  me  with  a  reference- 
to  the  exact  part  of  Merivale's  writings 
from  which  this  is  taken  ? 

J.    ROBEBTSON. 

Glasgow. 

CHBISTMAS  FAMILY  OF  BIDEFOBD. — Did 
any  of  that  family,  hailing  from  Waterford, 
own  land  or  live  near  Bideford  in  Devon 
in  the  eighteenth  century  ?  A  certain  John 
Christmas  Smith  is  stated  to  have  been 
born  there  in  1757  or  1759,  and  when 
settling  in  Denmark  in  1790  he  obtained 
royal  licence  from  the  Heralds'  College  to 
use  the  name — and  arms — of  Christmas  as 
his  surname,  instead  of  Smith,  Christmas 
being  presumably  the  name  of  his  mother. 
His  descendants  are  still  settled  in  Denmark. 

W.  R.  PBIOB. 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  9.  i9io.}        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


29 


POLL-BOOKS  OF  THE  ClTY  OF    LONDON. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  wher< 
I  can  see  the  Poll-Books  of  the  City  o 
London  for  the  following  years  ? — 1702,  1705 
1707,  1708,  1715,  1741,  1742,  1747,  1754 
1758,  1761,  1770,  1774,  1780,  1781,  1790 
1795,  1806,  1807,  1812,  1817,  1818,  1820 
1826,  1830.  ABTHTJB  W.  GOULD. 

Constitutional  Club,  W.C. 

GENEALOGICAL  TABLES. — Is  it  correct  in 
making    a    genealogical    table    to    mentioi 
children  not  specified  by  name  as  "  et  ceteri,1 
or  is  there  any  recognized  abbreviation  in 
such  cases  ?  C.  J* 

[The  symbol  xf*  is  used  to  indicate  issue  not  named. 

BARABBAS  A  PUBLISHER. — In  which  of 
his  poems  does  Byron  compare  publishers 
in  general  (or  Murray  in  particular  ?] 
to  Barabbas  ?  **  And  Barabbas  was  a 
robber,'*  1  think  it  runs.  J.  D 

"ABRAHAM'S  BEARD,"  A  GAME.— What 
was  this  game,  of  which  one  reads  in 
'  Reginald  Bosworth  Smith  :  a  Memoir  * 
(p.  15)  ?  On  Sundays,  writes  Bosworth 
Smith's  sister  Mrs.  Caledon  Egerton  of  their 
childhood  days, 

"after  supper,  we  would  adjourn  to  the  study, 
where  our  father  would  read  aloud  to  us  some 
ponderous  memoir,  the  dulness  of  which  we  would 
while  away  by  looking  at  pictures  in  old  missionary 
records.  We  sometimes  indulged  in  the  game  of 
*  Abraham's  Beard '  until  our  father  directed  us  to 
change  the  name  of  the  father  of  the  faithful  to 
'Caesar,'  when  the  frankly  secular  nature  of  the 
amusement  stood  revealed." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

DUCHESS  or  PALATA. — Can  any  one  in- 
form me  whether  a  family  bearing  this 
name  or  title  exists  or  existed  in  Italy  ? 

S.  A.  D'ARCY. 

Clones,  Ireland. 

ST.  AGATHA  AT  WIMBORNE. — In  a  short 
article  on  Tetta  by  the  Rev.  Charles  Hole 
in  Smith's  *  Dictionary  of  Christian  Bio- 
graphy »  (vol.  iv.  p.  875),  mention  is  made  of 
St.  Agatha,  who  with  St.  Lioba  was  educated 
at  Wimburn  (Mabillon,  *  Acta  SS.  O.  S.  B.,» 
Saec.  III.  pt.  ii.  p.  223).  I  should  be  glad  of 
any  information  about  the  St.  Agatha 
alluded  to  here.  JAS.  M.  J.  FLETCHER. 

The  Vicarage,  Wimborne  Minster. 

BOTANY  :  TIME  OF  FLOWERS  BLOOMING. — 
Can  any  one  recommend  a  simple  manual 
of  botany  which  contains  a  classification  of 
flowers  according  to  the  months  in  which 
they  are  in  bloom  ?  LAWRENCE  PHILLIPS. 

Theological  College,  Lichfield. 


MELMONT  BERRIES=JUNIPER  BERRIES. — 
In  Jamieson's  *  Dictionary  of  Scottish 
Words  *  occurs  the  following  :  "  Melmont 
berries,  juniper  berries,  Moray."  Can  any 
reader  say  if  this  name  is  so  applied  any- 
where else,  and  suggest  an  origin  for  the 
word  ?  F.  R.  C. 

SHENSTONE  AND  THE  REV.  R.  GRAVES. — 
Shenstone  the  poet,  in  a  letter  to  the  Rev. 
Richard  Graves  of  Claverton,  dated  26 
October,  1759,  says  :  "I  have  three  or  four 
more  of  these  superb  visits  to  make.... 
then  to  Lord  Lyttelton,  at  our  Admiral's." 
He  does  not  give  the  Admiral's  name.  Can 
any  one  tell  me  whether  any  of  the  Admirals 
Graves  were  related  to  the  Rev.  Richard 
Graves  of  Claverton  ?  E. 

THAMES  WATER  COMPANY  :  THE  WATEB 
HOUSE. — Among  some  old  deeds,  I  have 
lately  found  a  lease,  dated  25  December, 
1679,  from  five  persons  described  as  "  Under- 
takers for  the  raising  Thames  water  in  York- 
House  Garden  in  the  County  of  Middlesex," 
of 

one  Water-course  conveniently  furnished  with 
Thames  water,  arising  and  running  from  certain 
waterworks  belonging  to  the  said  undertakers  in 
York-House  Garden  aforesaid,  running  in  and 
through  one  Branch  or  Pipe  of  Lead," 

:or  the  use  of  two  houses  in  Oxenden  Street 
n  the  parish  of  St  .Martin's-in-the-Fields. 
The  rent  (thirty  shillings)  is  made  payable 
'  at  the  House  commonly  known  by  the  name  of 
ohe  Water-house,  seituate  in  York  Garden  in  the 
Parish    aforesaid,  belonging    to    them    the    said 
undertakers." 

The  lease  is  in  a  printed  form. 

Is  anything  known  of  this  forerunner 
of  the  modern  water  companies,  or  of  where 
;he  "  Water-house  "  stood  ?  I  presume  that 
t  was  in  some  part  of  the  grounds  of  the 
Duke  of  Buckingham's  mansion  York  House. 

C.  L.  S. 

FOLLY  :     PLACE-NAME. — In    this    village 
here  are  two  by-roads  called  "The  Folly" 
and  "The  Little  Folly."     The  general  idea 
among  the  old  inhabitants  seems  to  be  that 
"folly"  is  a  lane.     I  cannot  find  that 
neaning  of  the  word  in  the  *  Dialect  Dic- 
ionary '  nor  in  the  '  N.E.D.*     Is  it  general 
a  Hertfordshire  ?       JOHN  CHARRINGTON. 
The  Grange,  Shenley,  Herts. 

"  THE    BRITISH  GLORY  REVIVED."  —  On 

ne  of  the  medals  struck  to  commemorate 

he  taking  of  Porto -Bello  by  Admiral  Vernon, 

nd  others,  the  obverse  has  "  The  British 

Grlory  Revived  by  Admiral  Vernon  "  ;    on 


30 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES.        [11  s.  n.  JULY  9, 1910. 


the  reverse  "  Who  took  Porto-Bello  with  six 
ships  only,  November  22nd,  1739.*8  What 
may  be  the  meaning  of  the  word  * '  revived  " 
in  connexion  with  Britain's  naval  prestige  ? 
Of  three  medals  I  have  struck  in  commemora- 
tion of  this  event  only  one  has  "  The  British 
Glory  Revived."  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Worksop. 


TURKEY  CAPTIVES:    BRIEF    AT 
WINCANTON. 

(11  S,  i.  488.) 

THE  story  of  this  unusual  circumstance  is 
given  fully  in  a  rare  single  sheet  dated 
10  August,  1670,  and  issued  in  the  form  of 
letters  patent  by  Charles  II.  The  sheet 
13  entitled  "  Letters  patent  for  collections 
towards  the  redemption  of  English  captives 
taken  by  the  Turks-.  London  [Thomas 
Milbourn  dwelling  in  Jewen  Street]  1670." 
This  open  letter  was  addressed  by  Charles  II. 
to  the  clergy  of  all  degrees  and  denomina- 
tions, as  well  as  to  all  Justices,  Mayors, 
Bailiffs,  Constables,  Churchwardens,  Chapel- 
wardens,  Headboroughs,  Collectors  for  the 
Poor,  &c.  It  proceeds  : — 

"  Whereas  a  great  number  of  our  good  subjects, 
peaceably  following  their  employments  at  Sea,  have 
been  lately  taken  by  the  Turkish  Pyrates,  under 
whom  they  now  remain  in  most  cruel  and  inhumane 
bondage,  who  by  their  friends  and  relations  have 
humbly  besought  us  to  take  their  miserable  and 
deplorable  estates  into  our  princely  considera- 
tion,  &c. 

.  On  27  July,  1670,  a  Committee  of  the 
Privy  Council  was  held,  Charles  himself  being 
present,  when  it  was  reported  that 
"  b7  certificates  of  several  ships  taken,  as  by  several 
letters  from  the  respective  masters,  officers  and 
seamen  now  in  slavery;  to  their  friends  and  rela- 
tions here  m  England,  it  doth  evidently  appear  that 
the  said  poor  slaves,  assaulted  by  these  ^humane 
Sieves  and  , Pyrates,  did  in  their  several  fights 
behave  themselves  with  remarkable  valour  and 
courage,  not  yielding  to  the  enemy  till  they  had 

d«ok«  ±!b(?li  ^  a-U(?  the  en,emiea  8*ain  ^on  the*  r 
decks,  and  till  their  own  ships  were  fired  about 

thf^TJ ?«v^  fT6d  *?  calfc  themselves  into 
the  sea  to  avoid  the  devouring  flames  were  seized 
on  bv  these  barbarous  enemies,  with  whom  they 

«n^  M  l*irllfK  m?Ch  W°-rse  than  death>'  boS 
and  sold  like  beasts  in  the  market,  held  to  most 
insupportable  service,  and  fed  only  with  a  slender 
allowance  of  bread  and  water ;  many  of  them 
chained  to  their  work,  and  beaten  daily  with  a Tee™ 

tain  number  of  stripes That  the  number  of  these 

poor  slaves  is.  so  great,  and  the  demands  of  thei? 
Taskmasters  is  so  high  that  the  money  needful  for 
the  accomphshing.their  redemption  is  represented 


by  the  Committee  to  amount  to  the  sum  of  Thirty 
Thousand  pounds ;  which  sum  our  said  distressed 
subjects  are  utterly  unable  to  procure  of  them- 
selves," &c. 

Charles  therefore  says  he  appoints  "  Extra- 
ordinary Wayes  and  rules  for  Collection  of 
the  same  [sum]  upon  such  an  extraordinary 
occasion  "  : — 

"We do  give  and  grant  unto  the  said  poor 

distressed  subjects,  the  captives  aforesaid,  or  to 
their  agents,  or  other  persons,  who  shall  be  lawfully 

authorized full  power to  take  the  almes  and 

charitable  benevolence  of  all  our  loving  subjects 
(not  only  householders,  but  also  servants,  strangers, 
and  others  inhabiting  within  all  and  every  the 
Counties,  Cities,  Boroughs,  Towns  corporate,  Cinque 

ports,  Priviledged  places and  all  other  places 

whatsoever   in    England for   and   towards  the 

redemption  and  relief  of  the  said  poor  captives." 

The  King  desires 

"especially  to  stir  up  the  inferiour  clergy  to  give 
effectual  arguments  to  their  flocks,  both  by  exhorta- 
tion and  example,  for  a  Liberal  contribution 
towards  the  redemption  of  these  miserable  wretches, 
whose  cases  are  much  more  deplorable  than  theirs 
who  ordinarily  seek  for  relief  by  collections  of  this 

nature Witness  Our  Self  at  Westminster,  the 

tenth  day  of  August  in  the  two  and  twentieth  year 
of  our  Reign." 

The  evidence  for  the  sad  state  of  affairs 
in  the  Mediterranean  in  the  seventeenth 
century  is  scattered  but  ample.  There  is  a 
letter  dated  1617  in  the  Buccleuch  MS. 
(Hist.  MSS.  Comm.,  vol.  i.  p.  197)  in  which 
reference  is  made  to  the  pirates  then  inter- 
fering with  the  Levant  trade.  These  Bar- 
bary  Turks  and  the  condition  of  Tangier  at 
the  end  of  the  seventeenth  century  are  also 
dealt  with  in  the  Dartmouth  MSS.  (Hist. 
MSS.  Comm.,  Eleventh  Report,  App.  V. 
p,  18).  The  first  Lord  Dartmouth  was  sent 
to  effect  the  destruction  of  Tangier. 

The  actual  circumstances  which  brought 
matters  to  a  crisis  and  forced  Charles  II.  to 
take  the  steps  he  did  to  relieve  these  sufferers 
are  found  (printed)  in  Domestic  State  Papers, 
24  June,  1670 — S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  II.  276 
(186).  Here  are  given  letters  addressed  to 
Williamson  (secretary  to  Lord  Arlington), 
in  one  of  which,  dated  14  April,  1670, 
Samuel  Daukes,  aged  20,  a  captive  at 
Algiers,  says  that  he  and  his  fellows  were 
taken  near  Sardinia, 

"  sold  like  horses,  and  made  to  lie  down  on  our 
backs,  and  two  men  with  ropes  beat  us  until  the 
blood  ran  down  our  heels.  For  three  months  my 
diet  was  bread  and  vinegar,  and  that  only  once  a 
day.  Had  I  been  seen  writing  this  letter,  I  should 
have  received  at  least  200  blows  for  it." 

Then  follows  a  series  of  petitions  upon  the 
same  subject,  including  one  from  the  rela- 
tives of  "  140  men  of  Stepney  "  in  the  hands 
of  the  Turks. 


ii  B.  ii.  JULY  9,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


31 


Sir  Thomas  Allin  (his  name  is  often  in- 
correctly given  as  Allen),  who  was  com- 
mander-in-chief  of  the  English  fleet  in  1670, 
and  whose  principal  duty  at  that  time  was  to 
overawe  the  piratical  Barbary  cruisers, 
writes  to  Williamson  on  26  August,  1670,  and 
gives  a  most  spirited  relation  of  an  encounter 
with  Turks  with  the  object  of  freeing  these 
prisoners,  and  he  supplies  a  list  of  62  for 
whom  he  had  just  secured  freedom — S.  P. 
Dom.  Car.  II.  278  (50).  See  also  in  this 
connexion  "A  True  Relation  of  the  Victory 
of  His  Majesties  Fleet...  ...against  the 

Pyrates  of  Algiers taken  out  of  the 

Letters  of  Sir  Thomas  Allin.  T.  Newcomb 
in  the  Savoy.  1670  "  ;  and  a  less  painful 
story  which  is  given  in  "  The  Adven- 
tures of  Mr.  T.  S.,  an  English  Merchant 
taken  prisoner  by  the  Turks  of  Argiers 
[sic]  and  carried  into  the  In  land  countries 
of  Africa.  Moses  Pitt  in*  Little  Britain. 
1670." 

That  munificent  lady  of  the  seventeenth 
century  known  as  Alice,  Duchess  Dudley 
(wife  of  Sir  Robert  Dudley,  and  created 
Duchess  Dudley  in  her  own  right  23  May, 
L645),  left  money  for  the  relief  of  captives 
in  the  hands  of  the  Turks  : — 

"Alice,  Dutchess  Dudley,  who  died  at  her  house 
near  St.  Giles  Church,  itolborn,  22  Jan.,  1668/9, 
bequeathed  £100  a  year  for  ever  for  the  redemption 
of  Christian  captives  out  of  the  hands  of  the  Turks. 
She  also  bequeathed  6d.  apiece  to  every  indigent 
person  meeting  her  corpse  on  the  road  from  London 
to  Stoneley  (Stoneleigh,  Warwickshire),  where  she 
was  buried."— S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  II. 

Some  people  made  capital  out  of  Charles 
II.'s  letter,  for  in  December,  1670,  there 
appeared  an  announcement  that  as  the  letters 
patent  granted 

"to  make  collections  to  redeem  Turkish  captives 
are  no.w  expired,  the  persons  still  collecting 
money  thereon  are  to  be  apprehended,  ana 
punished  according  to  law."— S.  P.  Dom.  Car.  II. 
U81  (118). 

The  best  general  history  of  England's 
relations  with  Tangier  in  1670  is  found  in 
'  Tangier  as  a  Naval  Station,1  viz.,  the 
twenty-second  chapter  of  '  England  in  the 
Mediterranean,  1 603-1 71 3, *  by  Julian  Cor- 
bett,  1904.  A.  L.  HUMPHBEYS. 

187,  Piccadilly,  W. 

MB.  SWEETMAN  will  find  much  to  interest 
him  in  two  papers  on  '  Devonshire  Briefs  • 
written  by  Dr.  T.  N.  Brushfield,  F.S.A., 
and  published  in  the  Transactions  of  the 
Devonshire  Association  for  1895  and  1896. 
FRED.  C.  FROST,  F.S.I. 

Teign  mouth. 

[  W.  S.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


THE  EDWARDS,  KINGS  OF  ENGLAND  (US. 
i.  501). — In  his  interesting  notes  at  the  above 
reference  MR.  A.  S.  ELLIS  employs  a  term 
which,  as  a  Scot,  I  cannot  allow  to  pass  un- 
challenged. "Edward  the  Elder,'*  says 
MR.  ELUS,  "was  himself  the  first  who 
extended  his  authority  over  the  whole  of 
Great  Britain." 

Non  inidtus  premor !  Here  we  have 
reasserted  the  claim  in  successfully  resisting 
which  my  countrymen  waged  almost  inces- 
sant war  for  three  hundred  years.  The  sole 
basis  for  that  claim  is  the  well-known  passage 
in  the  'Anglo-Saxon  Chronicle*  ad  ann. 
924.  Be  it  far  from  me  to  join  issue  in  a 
matter  whereon  so  much  blood  and  ink  has 
been  shed  in  the  past ;  but  I  venture 
respectfully  to  ask  how  MR.  ELLIS  can 
justify  the  use  of  the  term  "  Great  Britain  " 
as  applied  to  any  dominion  in  the1  tenth 
century.  ,.  : 

If  he  means  to  imply  the  territory -now 
known  by  that  name,  I  would  remind  him 
that  the  designation  was  used  for  the  first 
time  officially  by  James  VI.  and  I.,  who, 
greatly  to  the  displeasure  of  his  English 
subjects  and  in  the  very  teeth  of  the  highest 
legal  opinion,  instituted  the  new  title  by 
royal  warrant  in  1604,  although  the  judges 
declared  that  all  legal  processes  would 
thereby  be  invalidated. 

That,  however,  cannot  be  MB.  ELLIS'S 
meaning  in  the  phrase  "  the  whole  of  Great 
Britain,"  for  the  Western  Isles  were  not 
ceded  by  the  King  of  Norway  till  1266,  and 
Orkney  and  Shetland  were  not  incorporated 
in  the  Scottish  realm  till  1471.  If  we  assume 
(for  argument's  sake,  but  without  prejudice) 
that  the  statement  in  the  *  Anglo-Saxon 
Chronicle '  is  correct  in  the  main  (though  it 
varies  in  detail  in  the  seven  extant  copies), 
and  that  Edward  the  Elder  did  acquire  the 
suzerainty  of  the  Kingdom  of  Alba  (the  title 
Scotia  or  Scotland  was  not  in  .use  until  the 
following  century),  the  utmost  that  can  ,be 
claimed  is  that  his  authority  was  contermin- 
ous with  the  realm  of  Constantin  II.,  which 
only  comprised  the  district  between  Forth 
and  Clyde  on  the  south  and  the  Helmsdale 
and  Inver  rivers  on  the  north,  from  sea  to 
sea,  but  without  the  adjacent  islands.  And 
although  the  '  Anglo-Saxon  Chronicle  *  (the 
sole  authority)  asserts  that  Regnwald  of 
Northumbria  and  the  King  of  the  Strathclyde 
Welsh  also  submitted,  it  is  certain  that  King 
Edward's  writs  would  not  have  run  in 
Caithness,  Moray,  Ross,  and  Galloway. 

What  we  reckon  to  be  the  true  nativity 
of  the  Kingdom  of  Scotland  is  15  August, 
1057*  one  hundred  and  thirty -two  years 


32 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  11.  JULY  9, 1910. 


after  Edward  the  Elder's  death,  on  which 
day  King  Malcolm  Ceann-mor  defeated  and 
slew  the  usurper  Macbeth  at  Lumphannan. 
Founding  upon  Edward  the  Elder's  alleged 
suzerainty  over  part  of  North  Britain  in  the 
tenth  century,  the  Norman  and  Plantagenet 
kings  claimed  supremacy  over  the  entire 
realm  of  Scotland  in  the  twelfth,  thirteenth, 
and  fourteenth  centuries,  but  failed  to 
establish  it.  HERBERT  MAXWELL. 

BATH  KING  OF  ARMS  (11  S.  i.  510). — This 
is  perfectly  correct.  When  the  Order  of  the 
Bath  was  reconstituted  by  writ  of  Privy 
Seal,  18  May,  11.  Gep.  I.,  i.e.,  1725,  one  of 
the  officers  then  specifically  appropriated  to 
the  Order  was  the  King  of  Arms. 

Grey  Longueville,  F.S.A.,  was  the  first 
Bath  King  of  Arms,  and  was  appointed 
1  June,  1725.  In  the  January  following  the 
King  by  his  sign'  manual  created  Longue- 
ville **  Gloucester  King  of  Arms,  and 
Principal  Herald  of  the  parts  of  Wales," 
this  appointment  being  then  vacant,  and 
ordained  that  "  this  office  of  Gloucester 
shall  be  inseparably  annexed,  united,  and 
perpetually  consolidated  with  the  office  of 
Bath  King  of  Arms  n  ;  and  in  the  same 
letters  patent  (14  January,  1725/6)  Longue- 
ville was  also  created  Hanover  Herald. 

See  Hugh  Clark's  'History  of  Knight- 
hood,' 1784,  vol.  i.  pp.  77-91,  and  Mark 
Noble's  *  History  of  the  College  of  Arms,* 
1805,  pp.  366-7. 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

Bath  King  of  Arms,  though  not  a  member 
of  the  College,  takes  precedence  next  after 
Garter.  The  office  was  created  in  1725 
for  the  service  of  the  Order  of  the  Bath. 
He  has  a  crown  like  the  other  Kings  of 
Arms,  and  a  peculiar  costume  directed  by 
the  Statutes  of  the  Order.  See  Parker's 
'  Glossary  of  Heraldry.*  J.  BAGNALL. 

[LEO.  C.  also  thanked  for  reply.  ] 

TOASTS  AND  SENTIMENTS  (11  S.  i.  406). — 
Collections  of  toasts  and  sentiments,  even  in 
English,  are  not  very  common.  I  have 
noted  only  one  such  collection  in  1789, 
'  The  Toast-Master  :  being  a  Genteel  Col- 
lection of  Sentiments  ana  Toasts,'  a  sixpenny 
pamphlet,  published  in  London,  which 
subsequently  did  duty,  under  a  slightly 
altered  title,  as  a  Scottish  chapbook. 

My  imperfect  acquaintance  with  foreign 
publications  prevents  me  from  saying  defi- 
nitely whether  or  not  there  are  collections  in 
French,  German,  Italian,  Spanish,  or  Scandi- 
navian. But  would  not  a  good  dictionary 
of  quotations  and  foreign  phrases,  published 


for  the  use  of  English-speaking  people, 
enable  the  querist  to  find  what  he  wants  ? 
Such  a  work  is  the  "  New  Dictionary  of 
Foreign  Phrases,  comprising  extracts  from 
great  writers,  idioms,  proverbs,  maxims, 
mottoes,  technical  words  and  terms,  press 
allusions,  &c.  &c.  Edited  by  H.  P.  Jones,'* 
new  edition,  London,  Deacon  &  Co.,  1902. 
'CasselPs  Book  of  Quotations,*  edited  by 
Benham,  and  Hoyt  and  Ward's  '  Cyclopaedia 
of  Practical  Quotations '  also  contain  long 
lists  of  phrases,  proverbs,  maxims,  and 
reflections  from  French,  German,  Italian, 
and  Spanish  sources.  A  considerable  number 
of  humorous  and  patriotic  sentiments  might 
be  gleaned  from  works  like  these.  But 
perhaps  still  more  suitable  for  the  purpose 
required  would  be  "  The  Library  of  Humour,' 
emanating  from  the  Walter  Scott  Publishing 
Company,  and  including  '  The  Humour  of 
France,*  of  i  Germany,  Italy,  and  Spain,  in 
separate  volumes.  W.  SCOTT. 

BOOK  -  PURCHASES  OF  CHARLES  II.  : 
SAMUEL  MEARNES  (11  S.  i.  481). — When  I 
transcribed  the  purchases  made  for  the 
library  of  Charles  II.  by  Samuel  Mearnes, 
I  was  not  aware  of  the  work  done  by  Mr. 
Cyril  Davenport  of  the  British  Museum,  nor 
of  his  beautifully  produced  life  of  Samuel 
Mearnes,  the  royal  bookbinder.  Therein 
he  gives  full  details  of  his  remarkable  career, 
and  states  that  some  of  his  book-lists  had 
been  discovered.  Fortunately,  however, 
those  printed  in  '  N.  &  Q.1  are  new  to  him. 

C.  C.  STOPES. 

PAUL  KESTER  (11  S.  i.  448)  is  a  resident  of 
Gunston,    Virginia,    U.S.A.,    and    can    be 
reached  by  letter  addressed  to  him  there. 
JOHN  T.  LOOMIS. 

1726,  Corcoran  Street,  Washington,  B.C. 

INITIALS  ON  RUSSIAN  IKON  (11  S.  i.  487). 
— I  suggest  that  L.  L.  K.  is  right  in  reading 
a  tee,  but  that  this  is  followed  by  an  Old 
Slavonic  letter  derived  from  the  Greek 
iwra,  and  consisting  of  a  single  perpendicular 
stroke.  This  combination  with  a  mark 
of  contraction  (like  a  Z  lying  on  its  side) 
stands  for  Tsar  Judeiski,  '*  King  of  the 
Jews."  If  this  is  not  right,  I  can  perhaps 
help  L.  L.  K.,  if  he  will  send  me  a  copy  of  the 
letters  on  a  post-card. 

FRED.  G.  ACKERLEY. 

Grindleton  Vicarage,  Clitheroe. 

I  would  suggest  to  L.  L.  K.  that  the 
Russian  initials  TsC  (the  Ts  forming  one 
letter  in  the  Russian)  and  HC,  that  is  TsS 
and  NS,  may  stand  for  Tsarstvo  Nebesnoe, 
the  heavenly  kingdom,  or  the  kingdom  of 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  9, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


heaven,  tsarstvo  signifying  kingdom.  There 
is  little  or  no  difference  between  the  Russian 
and  the  Church  Slavonic  form  of  the  letter 
tsB.  There  is  no  letter  s  in  either  language 
in  the  equivalents  to  our  Nazarene  and 
Nazareth.  H.  RAYMENT. 

Sidcup,  Kent. 

"  CANABULL  BLUE  SILKE  "  (11  S.  i.  488). — 
Might  I  suggest  that  the  first  word  may  be 
a  misreading  or  mis  transcript  of  "  Changa- 
bull  "= changeable  ?  That  which  is  now 
called  "  shot  silk  "  was  in  olden  time  known 
as  "  changeable  silk,"  and  is  not  infrequently 
mentioned. 

George  Merit  on  in  his  '  Nomenclator 
Clericalis,*  1685,  8vo,  gives  a  fairly  long 
list  of  fabrics,  and  for  the  silks  mentions 
"  Silk,  Sleave  Silk,  Changeable  Silk,  Flowred 
Silk,  Strip'd  Silk,  Silk  Crape,  Say,  or  thin  Silk, 
Damask  Silk." 

The  'Law-Latin  Dictionary,1  1718,  8vo, 
also  mentions  "  A  Garment  of  Changeable 
Silk.™  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

By  this  phrase  would  not  canopy-blue 
silk  be  intended,  that  is,  canopy-of-heaven 
blue  !  "  Canopy "  occurs  amongst  old 
writers  as  a  synonym  for  the  overhanging 
firmament,  as  appears  from  several  passages 
in  the  *  N.E.D.,1  s.v.  The  word  is  also  met 
with  in  the  forms  "  canape, >s  "canaby," 
"cannabie,'1  &c. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

COURT  LEET  :  MANOR  COURT  (10  S.  vii. 
327,  377;  viii.  16,  93,  334,  413).— Under 
this  head  it  may  be  worthy  of  record  that 
The  Hampstead  and  Highgate  Express  of 
11  June  contains  an  interesting  account  of 
the  proceedings  in  connexion  with  the 
"  Summer  General  Court  Baron  and  Court 
Leet "  of  the  manor  of  Hampstead.  After 
the  usual  quaint  ceremonies  had  been 
enacted,  the  company  adjourned  to  famous 
"  Jack  Straw's  Castle  "  for  luncheon.  Toasts, 
with  speeches,  followed,  the  chairman  tracing 
the  history  of  the  ancient  manor  from  the 
days  of  its  charter — a  very  instructive  survey 
of  a  notable  suburb.  CECIL  CLARKE.  ' 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

SIR  ANTHONY  AND  ANTHONY  STANDEN 
(11  S.  i.  388,  469).— An  Anthony  Standen 
who  had  been  in  the  service  of  Philip  II 
is  mentioned  at  p.  146  of  the  "  Historia  del 
Saqueo  de  Cadiz  por  los  Ingleses  en  1596, 
escrita  por  Fr.  Pedro  de  Abreu,  religiose 
del  Orden  de  S.  Francisco,"  a  contemporary 
account,  but  not  published  until  1866  at 
Cadiz  (Taylorian  Library,  Oxford). 


Before  the  negotiations  with  the  English 
commanders  began, 

"  Mas  antes  que  estas  cosas  se  tratasen  ni 
concluyesen  con  el  General,  siendo  convidado 
Mateo  Marquez  Gaitan  del  coronel  padrastro  del 
Conde  [i.e.,  Sir  Christopher  Blount,  stepfather  to 
the  Earl  of  Essex]  y  con  ellos  Antonio  Estandec 
[Standen],  el  cual  habia  servido  a  S.M.  en  estos 
reinos,  y  el  Conde  de  Sigues  [Essex]  y  otros  do» 
coroneles. ..." 

In  '  Acts  of  the  Privy  Council  of  England, 
1596-7,1  p.  368,  is  a  letter  to  Richards 
Hickman  (for  payment  of  a  private  debt)  : — 

"  Whereas  you  were  to  paie  a  certaine  somme  of 
money  to  Sir  Anthony  Standen,  knight,  and 
should  have  given  him  assuraunce  for  the  same, 
which  you  have  not  performed  by  reason  of  his- 
goinge  hi  the  voyage  of  Gales  [Cadiz] . . . ." 

These  two  references  probably  relate  to. 
the  same  person.  A.  D.  JONES. 

Oxford. 

MODEBN  NAMES  DERIVED  FEOM  LATINIZED- 
FORMS:  GALFRID  (11  S.  i.  186,  338,  436, 
494). — The  Kentish  Gazette,  4  September, 
1804,  announced  the  death,  "at  her  house 
on  Richmond-green,  Surry,  in  the  88th 
year  of  her  age,  [of]  Mrs.  Mann,  widow  of 
late  Galfridus  Mann,  Esq." 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

Yet  another  Galfrid,  and  a  very  early  one, 
emerges  from  the  dim  past.  Blomefield, 
the  historian  of  Norfolk,  records  the  fact 
that  one  Galfrid  Kemp  was  living  at  Norwich 
in  1272  ;  but  though  he  elaborately  explains 
the  surname,  he  is  silent  as  to  the  Christian 
one. 

The  querist  probably  remembers  Horace 
Walpole's  friends  Galfridus  Mann  and  his 
son  Galfrid.  Y.  T, 

ATJTHOB  OF  QUOTATION  WANTED  (11  S. 
i.  608). — The  lines  which  GAMMA  asks  about 
are  from  the  exquisite  poem  '  At  Last,' 
by  that  poet  of  the  American  people  John 
Greenleaf  Whittier.  They  were  written 
in  anticipation  of  the  time  when  his  feet 
should  pass  "  to  paths  unknown."  All 
he  seeks  for  is  for  his  good  and  ill  to  be 
unreckoned,  and  that  there  may  be  found 
for  him 

Some  humble  door  among  Thy  many  mansions, 
so  that  he  may  "find  at  last " 

The  life  for  which  I  long. 

Pickard  in  his  life  of  Whittier  (vol.  ii» 
p.  690)  states  that 

"  in  sending  to  T.  B.  Aldrich  the  copy  of  the  poem 
'At  Last'  for  The  Atlantic,  Whittier  writes:  "As 
the  expression  of  my  deepest  religious  feeling  it  may 
not  be  without  interest,  and  it  may  help  some 


34 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  n.  JOH  9, mo. 


inquiring  spirit.  Apart  from  this,  I  think  I  have 
succeeded  in  giving  it  a  form  not  unworthy  of  the 
theme." 

Whittier  died  on  the  7th  of  September, 
1892,  at  the  early  dawn  of  a  lovely  day. 
Pickard  says  : — 

"  Under  the  overshadowing  of  Infinite  Peace, 
•which  was  sweetly  felt  by  all  present,  his  pure 
spirit  passed  upward  to  the  never-ending  day.  His 
poem  '  At  Last '  was  recited  in  tearful  Voice  by  one 
of  the  little  group  of  relatives  at  his  bedside  as  the 
last  moment  of  his  life  approached." 

It  is  curious  that  W.  J.  Linton  in  his  life 
of  the  poet  should  record  his  death  as 
taking  place  on  the  7th  of  December,  and 
the  public  funeral  on  the  10th  of  the  same 
month.  JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 

[MR.  J.  ELIOT  HODGKIN,  MB.  T.  C.  McMiCHAEL, 
aud  the  REV.  J.  WILLCOCK  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

EDWARD  =  IORWERTH  :  IORWERTH  VII. 
(11  S.  i.  387,  490).— MR.  MAYHEW'S  partial 
solution  of  the  lorwerth -Ed  ward  problem 
is  very  welcome.  There  is  no  phonetic 
reason  why  mediaeval  Welshmen  should  not 
have  said  Edward.  Edwart  would  perhaps 
have  been  slightly  easier  for  them,  and  that 
form  does  appear  in  1565,  in  the  dedication  of 
a  Radnorshire  parish  church,  "  yn  Ref  y 
Clawdd,"  to  St.  Edward  the  King.  The 
form  lorwert  adduced  by  MR.  KREBS  from 
Aneurin  Owen's  '  Ancient  Laws  *  was  doubt- 
less intended  for  lorwerth.  The  oldest  MS. 
of  the  laws  of  Hywel  Dda,  namely,  '  The 
Black  Book  of  Chirk,1  was  written  c.  A.D. 
1200.  At  that  time  Welsh  orthography 
was  undergoing  great  alteration,  and  the 
scribe  of  *  The  Black  Book  *  had  particular 
difficulty  with  the  dental  aspirates.  For 
instance,  he  wrote  pet,  pedh,  and  peht, 
as  well  as  the  true  form  peth :  cf.  Dr. 
J.  G.  Evans's  '  Report  on  MSS.  in  the  Welsh 
Language,  V  i.  359. 

With  regard  to  MR.  MAYHEW'S  solution, 
it  is  noteworthy  that  we  are  not  instructed 
why  Welshmen  commence  the  name  for 
Edward  with  the  palatal  spirant  y.  MR. 
MAYHEW  has  only  accounted'  for  the  dis- 
placement of  d  by  r.  Now 
"/  before  a  vowel  at  the  beginning  of  words,  as 
&adiveard,Eoforwic,  was  clearly  sounded  like  y,  or 
the  High-Dutch.?.  Thus  we  still  say  York:  and 
Yedward  is  found  in  Shakespeare,  and  Earl  is  in 
Scotland  sounded  Yerl,  like  the  Danish  Jarl"— 
?oVA<  Freeraan»  'Old  English  History  for  Children, 
1869,  p.  xvi. 

If  MR.  MAYHEW  could  show  that  the  theme 
ead-  was  sounded  anywhere  in  the  Welsh 
Marches  as  a  rising  diphthong  (edd)  like 
yer-  or  yar-t  Welshmen  would  be  acquitted 
thereby  of  the  charge  of  haphazard  substitu- 


ion.  Since  reading  MR.  MAYHEW'S  reply 
[  have  not  the  least  doubt  that  Welshmen 
irst  heard  Yaro-werd,  or  something  very 
iike  that,  and  that  they  naturally  equated 
that  word  with  the  nearest  name  to  it  in 
sound  that  they  knew.  That  name  hap- 
pened to  be  Gere-werth,  *Ier-werth,  lor- 
werth, lor-woerth,  and  lor-werth  again,  in 
different  periods  of  Welsh  literature  since 
the  fourth  century.  The  first  audition  by 
the  Welsh  of  *Yaro~werd  must  have  taken 
place  a  very  long  time  ago,  and  I  hope  that 
MR.  MAYHEW  will  examine  the  chronology 
of  the  phonetic  changes  involved,  and  that 
he  will  give  us  the  benefit  of  his  erudition. 

He  is,  however,  mistaken  in  supposing 
that  lorwerth  could  be  a  Welsh  mode  of 
representing  a  dialect  form  of  the  O.E. 
royal  name  Eadweard.  As  M.  GAIDOZ 
said  in  his  query,  this  Welsh  name  is  a  very 
old  one.  It  appears  in  Welsh  history  as 
early  as  the  second  quarter  of  the  fifth 
century ;  whereas  no  early  instance  of 
Eadweard  has  come  to  light. 

The  earliest  appearance  of  any  form  of 
lorwerth  occurs  in  a  thirteenth-century  tract 
of  three  pages  in  the  Cotton  codex  Vespasian 
A.  XIV.  (3),  which  is  entitled  *  De  Situ 
Brecheniauc.* 

"The  Welsh  forms  and  glosses  in  it  show  it  to 
have  been  copied  by  some  one  who  did  not  under- 
stand Welsh  from  an  earlier  MS.  at  least  as  old  as 
the  eleventh  century."— See  Mr.  Egerton  Philli- 
more's  article  in  the  Cymmrodor,  1886,  vii.  105-6. 

The  tract  contains  the  oldest  account 
we  have  of  the  Welsh  prince  Braehan  of 
Brecheiniauc  (c.  390-450),  and  it  gives  the 
names  of  Brachan' s  sons,  daughters,  sons-in- 
law,  and,  in  several  cases,  grandchildren. 
The  tenth  daughter  is  thus  described : 
"  Aranwen  uxor  Gereuerth  regis  de  Powis  "  ; 
and  these  words  are  glossed  "  inde  dicitur 
loruerthiaun."  In  the  *  Cognacio  BrychahV 
a  seventeenth -century  copy  in  the  Cotton 
MS.  Domitian  I.  (13)  of  a  thirteenth-century 
MS.  (cf.  Pmllimore,  u.s.>  p.  106),  we  get 
"  (10)  Arganwen  apud  Powys."  The  '  Cog- 
nacio Brychani l  agrees  in  many  things  with 
the  '  De  Situ  Brecheniauc,*  but  unfortunately 
it  does  not  yield  the  name  of  Arganwen's 
husband.  The  form  "  Gergwerth  "  may  be 
relied  on,  however.  I  read  the  manuscript 
when  preparing  an  analysis  of  the  Brychan 
documents  for  my  *  Indexes  to  Old-Welsh 
Genealogies,'  published  in  Stokes  and 
Meyer's  Archiv  fur  celtische  Lexicographic, 
i.  522-33,  and  the  documents  have  since 
been  edited  and  annotated  by  the  Rev.  A.  W. 
Wade-Evans ;  see  the  Cymmrodor, ,,  1906, 
pp.  18-50.  The  letter  g  in  Gereuerth  and 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  9, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


35 


Arganwen  is  the  forerunner  of  the  palatal 
spirant  which  disappeared  eventually  from 
between  vowels,  and  became  J  initially. 
Compare  the  words  argant,  among  the 
eighth -century  glosses  in  the  Codex  Oxonien- 
sis  Prior ;  scamnhegint,  in  the  eighth-  or 
ninth -century  Juvencus  codex ;  and  the 
alternative  spellings  Conhage,  Corihae,  in  two 
eighth -century  charters  in  the  *  Liber 
Landavensis.*  Ar-gant=ar-yant,  now  ariant; 
scamnhegint=ysgafneynt. 

Gereuerth  was  son  of  Tegonwy  map 
Leon  (M.S.  teon)  map  Gwineu,  and  as  he 
married  a  daughter  of  Brachan,  his  floruit 
may  be  dated  provisionally  445-80.  Other 
and  later  instances  of  this  name  may  be  found 
in  my  Indexes,  u.s.,  vols.  i.,  ii.,  iii.,  Nos.  502, 
503,  1082,  1083,  1084.  The  prototheme  of 
Gereuerth  is  clearly  dissyllabic.  Consequently, 
on  the  one  hand  it  cannot  equate  /or,  as 
M.  GAIDOZ  suggests  ;  on  £he  other,  some 
examination  of  the  prototheme  of  Edward  is 
called  for.  It  is  not  easy  to  account  for 
the  change  from  d  to  r  in  Earwaker  if  the 
first  element  was  a  monosyllable.  Now 
Edbald  of  Kent,  who  is  called  JZodbald  by 
Bede  (' H.  E.,1  II.  ix.),  is  referred  to  as 
Audu-baldus  in  Pope  Boniface's  letter  to 
Edwin  of  Northumbria.  This  recalls  the 
forms  Audo-vacrius  and  Odo-acer,  the  second 
of  which  was  adduced  so  aptly  by  MB. 
MAYHEW  in  order  to  explain  the  English 
Earwaker :  Eadwacer  appears  twice  in 
.Searle's  '  Onomasticon  Anglo -Saxonicum,* 
p.  189,  and  both  instances  are  assigned  to  the 
eleventh  century.  Mr.  Searle  also  gives 
Eadu,  uncompounded,  from  the  Durham 
•*  Liber  Vitae,1  as  the  name  of  a  queen  and 
abbess.  The  prototheme  of  Edward  has 
been  monosyllabic,  in  composition,  for 
1,300  years  ;  but  the  forms  Eadu  and  Audu- 
warrant  the  assumption  that  it  was  origin- 
ally a  dissyllable  in  composition  in  O.E.  To 
this  may  be  added  the  fact  that  the  root 
occurs  twice  in  the  ninth-century  '  Win- 
chester Chronicle l  as  ea]>-,  eaft- ;  s 
annals  827,  828.  Now  a  form  ed]>u-weard 
(with  the  rising  diphthong)  might  become 
yaru-werd.  But  that  is  not  Gereuerth. 

Gere-  in  Gere-uerth  receives  no  elucida- 
tion from  Brythonic  sources.  Among  Welsh 
names  it  is  unique.  For  illustration  of  both 
themes  we  must  turn  to  Old  English,  and 
particularly  to  Mercian.  The  elements  occur 
as  follows  :  1,  Gearu-red  ;  2,  Jam-man 
3,  Gearo-man ;  4,  Geara-god ;  5,  Jem- 
man  ;  6,  Ciol-ueTth.  Of  these,  1  is  from  the 
Durham  '  Liber  Vitae  *  ;  2  and  5  are  Latin 
forms  of  the  name  of  3,  Gearoman,  Bishop 
of  the  Mercians  in  662  ;  4  is  the  name  ol 


a  tenant  in  1055  ;  and  6  is  the  name  of  a 
Vtereian  dux  in  811  ;  vide  Searle's  '  Onomas- 
icon  *  for  more  exact  references.  In  face 
of  these  illustrations  I  judge  that  Gereuerth 
or  lorwerth,  King  of  Powys  lorwerthiaun 
n  the  middle  of  the  fifth  century,  was  of 
Grermanic  descent. 

It  is  a  curious  coincidence  that  the  name 
Earwaker  should  come  to  us  from  Cheshire, 
which  was  once  a  part  of  Powysland,  and 
may  even  have  comprised  the  kingdom  of 
[orwerthiaun.  ALFRED  ANSCOMBE. 

Owing  to  the  miscarriage  of  a  proof,  there 
are  two  or  three  corrections  needed  in  Welsh 
words  in  my  reply  at  the  second  reference. 
L.  10,  for  "Ienann  read  leuan ;    1.  14,  for 
'  amner "     read  -   amser ;       and    in    1.     18 
*  cywyeld  "  should  be  cywydd.      H.  I.  B. 

*  JONATHAN  SHABP*  (11  S.  i.  466).— As 
far  as  I  am  aware,  the  identity  of  the  author 
has  never  been  disclosed.  The  title-page 
reads  "  Jonathan  Sharp  ;  or,  The  Adventures 
of  a  Kentuckian.  Written  by  himself.'1 
Allibone  accepts  this  indication  of  author- 
ship, and  enters  the  book  as  the  production 
of  "  Sharp,  Jonathan."  The  evidence  in 
favour  of  Sharp  being  the  author  is  ex- 
tremely slight.  The  book  is  classed  among 
novels  in  the  '  Index  to  the  London  Cata- 
logue of  Books .  *  The  New  Monthly  Magazine, 
quoted  by  Allibone,  says  of  it :  "  His 
[Sharp's]  narrative  is  worthy  of  Defoe.'1 
It  is  not  mentioned  in  Halkett  and  Laing's 
'  Dictionary.*  As  a  copy  of  the  work  is 
contained  in  the  Edinburgh  Advocates* 
Library,  and  must  have  been  known  to 
the  compilers  of  the  '  Dictionary,'  their 
omission  to  enter  it  as  anonymous  or 
pseudonymous  may  perhaps  be  understood 
as  acquiescence  in  Allibone's  view  of  its 
authorship.  W.  SCOTT. 

GEORGE  KNAPP,  M.P. :  KNAPP  FAMILY 
(11  S.  i.  389). — I  have  been  forwarded 
the  following  reply  by  a  correspondent : — 

"  George  Knapp  was  the  eldest  son  of  George 
Knapp  of  Abingdon,  gent.,  by  Katharine, 
daughter  of  Joseph  Tyrrell  of  "Kidlington,  Oxon. 
He  was  born  29  January,  and  baptized  21  Febru- 
ary, 1753/4,  at  St.  Helen's,  Abingdon.  He  was 
Governor  of  Christ's  Hospital,  Abingdon,  1776- 
1784  ;  Chamberlain  1790  ;  Principal  Burgess  1791; 
Mayor  1792,  1797,  1799,  and  1807.  His  monu- 
ment in  St.  Helen's  says  that  his  '  liberality  of 
mind  and  benevolence  of  heart  endeared  him  to 
all  who  knew  him.  He  was  elected  by  his  fellow- 
townsmen  to  represent  them  in  Parliament  May  4, 
1807.  This  important  and  honourable  trust, 
during  the  short  time  he  was  permitted  by 
Providence  to  devote  his  services  to  them,  he 
executed  with  the  strictest  integrity.  He  d. 


36 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  11.  JULY  9, 1910. 


Nov.  12,  1809,  aged  56,  and  his  remains  were 
deposited  in  the  family  vault  at  Chilton.'  The 
slab  has  the  arms  and  crest  as  borne  by  this 
family,  viz.  (Or,)  3  helmets  in  chief,  and  a  lion 
passant  hi  base  (sa.).  Crest,  an  arm  embowed 
in  armour  (ppr.,  garnished  or),  the  hand  grasping 
by  the  blade  a  broken  sword  (ar.,  hilt  and  pommel 
or)  with  a  branch  of  laurel  (vert).  He  is  buried  at 
Chilton,  Berks,  under  an  altar-tomb  to  the  south 
of  the  chancel,  and  there  is  also  an  inscription 
on  a  mural  slab  inside. 

"  Perhaps  I  may  be  permitted  to  add  that, 
being  engaged  on  a  Knapp  family  history,  I  shall 
be  glad  to  hear  from  any  one  interested  in  the 
family  or  any  individual  of  the  name.  O.  G. 
Knapp,  Hillside,  Maidenhead." 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

There  is  little  to  be  said  about  this  gentle- 
man. He  was  a  banker  in  Abingdon.  In 
1807  he  ousted  Sir  Theophilus  Metcalfe 
from  the  Parliamentary  representation  of 
the  burgh,  thus  breaking  a  tie  which  had 
lasted  from  1790.  He  did  not  long  enjoy 
his  success.  In  1809  he  died,  and  was 
succeeded  by  Sir  George  Bowyer. 

W.  S.  S. 

Another  George  Knapp  was  born  £  Feb- 
ruary, 1772,  at  Haberdashers*  Hall,  London, 
and  baptized  the  next  day  at  St.  Michael's, 
Wood  Street.  He  died  at  Warlingham, 
Surrey,  28  February,  1809,  and  was  buried 
in  that  churchyard.  This  George  Knapp 
was  seventh  child  and  fourth  son  of  Jerome 
Knapp,  citizen  and  Haberdasher  of  London, 
and  of  Chilton,  Berkshire  (Gentleman's 
Magazine,  May,  1754,  and  June,  1792). 

Several  other  members  of  the  Knapp 
family  are  mentioned  in  the  'Miscellaneous 
Writings1  of  S.  Grimaldi,  F.S.A.,  1881, 
Part  III.  p.  319.  D.  J. 

THE  WOE  WATERS  OF  LANGTON  (11  S.  i. 
468). — Possibly  that  part  of  the  Swale 
river  which  flowed  (in  1822)  past  the  few 
houses  constituting  the  parish  of  Langton- 
upon-Swale  was  so  called  because  they  were 
situated  so  near  the  brink  of  the  river  that 
they  were  frequently  in  danger  of  being 
swept  away  (see  Langdale's  'lopog.  Diet, 
of  Yorks  >).  J.  HOLDEN  MACMICHAEL. 

NELSON'S  BIRTHPLACE  (11  S.  i.  483). — 
Some  years  since  I  was  told,  on  what  seemed 
respectable  authority,  but  which  I  have 
no  permission  to  name,  that  the  traditional 
story  in  the  parish  of  Burnham  Thorpe  was 
that  on  Michaelmas  Day,  1758,  the  rector's 
wife  was  visiting  her  poor,  when  she  was  un- 
expectedly taken  with  the  labour  pains,  and 
that  the  child  was  actually  born  in  a  very 
humble  cottage  at  some  distance  from  the 


Rectory.  There  is  nothing  impossible  or 
improbable  in  the  story,  which  may  be 
true  ;  but,  on  the  other  hand,  there  is  no 
evidence  that  it  is  true,  and  I,  for  one,  should 
be  very  sorry,  on  the  strength  of  it,  to  contra- 
dict the  received  story  that  Horatio  Nelson 
was,  in  regular  course,  born  in  his  mother's 
home. 

Y.  T.'s  story  seems  very  much  of  the  same 
kind,  except  that  it  professes  to  be  drawn, 
in  a  succession  of  hearsays  after  long  inter- 
vals, from  people  who  could  not  possibly 
know  anything  about  it.  The  story  may  be 
true  ;  I  do  not  say  it  is  not ;  but  I  do 
refuse  to  receive  it  without  satisfactory 
evidence.  This,  at  present,  stands  thus : 
Y.  T.  heard  it  from  Mrs.  Girdlestone,  who 
heard  it  from  her  sister,  who  heard  it  from 
Aunt  Susie,  who  seems,  as  far  as  Y.  T.'s 
story  allows  of  identification,  to  have  been 
either  Aunt  Ann  (Bolton),  born  in  1781,  or — 
and  perhaps  more  probably — Grandmamma 
(Susannah)  Bolton,  born  in  1755,  and  there- 
fore three  years  old  at  the  time.  The  story 
is  interesting,  but  it  rests  on  no  satisfactory 
evidence.  J.  K.  LAUGHTON. 

SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY  BIOGRAPHY  (11  S. 
i.  349). — There  is  reason  to  fear  that  no 
small  history  of  English  literature,  dealing 
with  such  minor  writers  as  those  named  in 
the  query,  can  now  be  procured.  The  best 
means  of  obtaining  information  about  them 
will  probably  be  to  consult  some  old  bio- 
graphical dictionary  of  convenient  size. 
Such  a  work  is  Dr.  John  Watkins's  '  Uni- 
versal Biographical  Dictionary,5  published  in 
1800.  In  the  third  edition  of  1807  sketches 
of  all  the  persons  named  in  the  query 
are  given.  The  dictionary  has  the  further 
advantage  of  referring  its  readers  to  the 
sources  whence  its  information  was  derived. 
Nichols's  '  Literary  Anecdotes  *  in  9  vols., 
and  '  Illustrations  of  Literary  History  *  in 
8  vols.,  provide  a  mine  of  information, 
and  supply  (in  the  words  of  Lord  John 
Russell)  "  the  best-furnished  warehouse  for 
all  that  relates  to  the  literary  history  of 
the  period.'1  W.  SCOTT. 

ELEPHANT  AND  CASTLE  IN  HERALDRY 
(11  S.  i.  508). — Few  early  examples  of  the 
elephant  omit  the  castle.  The  elephant  and 
castle  are  seen  in  the  arms  of  Dumbarton 
and  the  crest  of  Corbet,  and  form  the  sign  of 
a  well-known  tavern  in  South  London.  The 
elephant,  a  symbol  of  priestly  chastity,  is 
noticed  in  the  '  Physiologus '  and  the 
ancient  Bestiaries.  The  elephant  and  how- 
dah  figure  in  the  first  book  of  Maccabees, 


ii  s.  n.  JHLY  9,  i9io.)        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


37 


chap.  vi.  ;  and  howdahs  occur  on  misericords 
in  Beverley  Minster  (also  on  a  stall),  Beverley 
St.  Mary's,  Gloucester  Cathedral,  on  a 
misericord  formerly  in  St.  Katherine's  by  the 
Tower,  St.  George's  Chapel,  Windsor  and 
Manchester  Cathedral.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

The  elephant  and  castle  occur  in  the  carv- 
ing of  the  ancient  stalls  of  the  chapel  of  the 
Royal  Hospital  of  St.  Katherine,  removed 
from  St.  Katherine  by  the  Tower  to  Regent's 
Park  in  1825.  St.  Katherine's  by  the  Tower 
was  founded  in  1148  by  Matilda,  wife  of 
King  Stephen ;  augmented  in  1273  by 
Eleanor,  widow  of  Henry  III.  ;  and  re- 
founded  by  Edward  III.  Whether  or  not 
any  date  be  assignable  to  the  stalls  and 
their  carving  I  cannot  say  ;  but  if  a  date 
can  be  assigned,  the  elephant  and  castle 
charge  could  no  doubt  be  identified  with 
one  of  the  above  queens,  or*  with  one  of  the 
distinguished  persons  buried  in  the  chapel. 
I  think  there  are  drawings  of  the  carving  in 
the  Archer  Collection  (Print  Dept.  B.  Mus.). 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

ABRAHAM  FARLEY  (11  S.  i.  468). — May  not 
the  Abraham  Farley  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  1720  have  been  the  Abra- 
ham Farley,  F.R.S.,  to  whom  was  entrusted 
the  publication  of  the  '  Domesday  Book J 
about  1773  ?  He  is  described  by  Timperley 
as  "  a  gentleman  of  great  record  learning. .  . . 
who  had  access  to  the  ancient  manuscripts 
for  upwards  of  forty  years.'*  His  transcrip- 
tion of  the  '  Domesday  Book  *  was  com- 
pleted in  1783,  in  2  vols.  folio,  with  types 
prepared  from  designs  by  Farley  and  cut 
by  Jackson.  W.  S.  S. 

'MAKE"     OR    "MAR"    IN    GOLDSMITH 
(11  S.  i.  467).— If  the  context  of  Goldsmith's 
couplet  is  examined,  it  will,  I  think,  be  seen 
that  the  substitution  of  "  mar  "  for  "  make  " 
would  spoil  the  author's  meaning  : — 
[11  fares  the  land,  to  hast'ning  ills  a  prey, 
Where  wealth  accumulates,  and  men  decay ; 
Princes  and  lords  may  flourish,  or  may  fade ; 
A  breath  can  make  them,  as  a  breath  has  made  : 
But  a  bold  peasantry,  their  country's  pride, 
When  once  destroy'd,  can  never  be  supply'd. 

'  The  Deserted  Village,'  11.  51-6. 
Surely  the  sense  of  the  last  four  lines  is  that 
it  is  of  no  importance  whether  princely 
and  noble  houses  flourish  or  die  out,  because 
nobility  can  be  created  in  the  future  as  it  has 
been  created  in  the  past,  but  when  a 
peasantry  has  become  extinct  its  place  can 
never  be  supplied. 

DR.  KRUEGER  quotes  lines  (e.g.,  "  A 
breath  revives  him,  or  a  breath  o'erthrows  ") 


where  the  predicates  are  contrasted,  but  the 
contrast   between   present   and   future    (for 
"  can    make    them"    is    equivalent    to    a 
future)  of  the  same  verb  is  no  mere  colourless 
repetition,  and  can  be  plentifully  illustrated. 
To  take  one  poet  only  : — 
Haec  seges  ingratos  tulit  et  feret  omnibus  annis. 
Hor.  'Epist.'  I.  vii.  21. 
Sed  improvisa  leti 
Vis  rapuit  rapietque  gentes. 

*Odes,'II.xiii.  19-20. 
EDWARD  BENSLY. 

GENERAL  WOLFE'S  DEATH  (10  S.  xii.  308, 
357). — At  the  latter  reference  is  a  statement 
that  "  a  private  soldier  n  caught  Wolfe  as 
he  fell.  Does  any  one  know  the  name  of 
this  "  private  soldier  "  ?  I  find,  in  a  Life  of 
Thomas  Campbell  by  his  son,  Alexander 
Campbell,  both  of  them  ministers  of  the 
Gospel,  a  statement  that  Archibald  Campbell 
(1719-1807),  father  of  Thomas  aforesaid, 
was  the  man  ("private  soldier")  who 
caught  Wolfe  as  he  fell.  The  Rev.  T. 
Campbell  was  born  in  county  Down,  Ireland, 
1  February,  1763,  and  died  in  Bethany, 
West  Virginia,  4  January,  1854.  The  Rev. 
Alexander  Campbell  was  born  in  Ballymena, 
county  Antrim,  12  September,  1788,  and  died 
at  Bethany  aforesaid  4  March,  1866,  being 
founder  of  the  college  there.  The  Camp- 
bells, father  and  son,  were  men  of  the 
highest  standing  in  America  in  their  day, 
the  son  in  particular  being  a  great  leader  in 
the  religious  movement  known  as  Disciples 
of  Christ,  beginning  in  1809,  and  now 
numbering  far  more  than  one  million  com- 
municants. Alexander  Campbell  was  on 
one  occasion  asked  to  address  the  U.S. 
House  of  Representatives,  and  did  so  in 
the  old  House. 

RICHARD  WARREN  BARKLEY. 
New  York  City. 

*  MANNERS  AND  CUSTOMS  OF  THE  FRENCH  ': 
B.  ROTCH  (11  S.  i.  468).— Benjamin  Rotch, 
the  alleged  author  of  *  Manners  and  Customs 
of  the  French,*  was  a  barrister -at -law.  He 
married  in  1828  Isabella  Anne,  eldest 
daughter  of  William  Archer  Judd,  Esq., 
of  Stamford,  Lincolnshire.  In  1832  he 
was  chosen  M.P.  for  Knaresborough.  His 
election  was  petitioned  against  on  the 
ground  of  his  being  an  alien,  but  the  petition 
does  not  appear  to  have  been  proceeded 
with.  The  following  year  he  was  made 
chairman  of  the  bench  of  Middlesex  magis- 
trates. He  did  not  contest  Knaresborough 
in  1835.  A  magistrate  and  deputy-lieu- 
tenant for  Middlesex,  he  was  for  several 


38 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES.        pi  s.  n.  JULY  9, 1910. 


years  chairman  of  the  Quarter  Sessions. 
His  residence  was  at  Lowlands,  Harrow. 
He  died  in  1854. 

I  have  no  note  of  Rotch  being  the  author 
of   *  Manners  and  Customs  of  the  French,2 
but  his  career  and  evident  ability    together 
with  Mr.  Sotheran's  statement  as  to  author- 
ship,   seem    on    the    whole    to    justify    the 
attribution  of  the  book  to  him. 

W.  SCOTT. 
Stirling. 

"GOD     SAVE     THE     PEOPLE  !  "       (11      S.     i. 

328,  392.) — In  his  letter  of  2  January,  1776, 
quoted  by  MB.  BOBBINS,  Sir  Grey  Cooper 
was  mistaken  in  saying  that  the  above 
words  ended  a  Massachusetts  "proclama- 
tion for  a  fast,"  as  the  proclamation  in 
question  was  not  for  a  fast,  but  for  a  thanks- 
giving. It  was  issued  4  November,  1775, 
and  '  A  Proclamation  for  a  Public  Thanks- 
giving *  was  printed  in  The  Boston  Gazette 
of  13  November.  On  12  June,  1775,  the 
Continental  Congress  issued  a  proclamation 
for  a  fast  day  on  20  July.  This  was  signed 
"By  order  of  Congress,  John  Hancock, 
President.'*  In  his  'Fast  and  Thanks- 
giving Days  of  New  England,*  1895,  Dr. 
W.  De  L.  Love  says  :— 

"The  thanksgivings  in  the  autumn  [of  1775] 
were  not  omitted  even  in  this  dark  and  distressing 
time,  but  the  Continental  Congress  left  the 
appointments  to  the  several  colonies.  That  of 
Massachusetts  was  signed  by  the  members  of  the 
council,  as  were  several  thereafter,  and  ended  with 

the  words,  'God  save  the  People.' There  came  a 

time,  however,  when  Thomas  Hutchison  [Governor 
of  Massachusetts],  got  through  making  proclama- 
tions   in   Boston,    and   then   the   broadside    was 
suddenly   put   into    very   democratic    homespun. 
The  earliest  of  this  group  was  issued  by  the  Pro- 
vincial Congress  [of  Massachusetts]  for  the  thanks- 
S'ving,  December  15,  1774.  and  was  signed  by  'John 
ancock,  President.' What  seemed  to  exercise 

the  authors  most  was  the  proper  substitute  for  the 
legend  '  God  save  the  King.'  Before  independence 
was  declared,  they  wrote  'God  save  the  People.' 
The  proclamation  which  was  issued  upon  that 
memorable  day,  July  4,  1776,  had  'God  save 
America.'  The  next  had  'God  save  the  United 
States  of  America,'  which  was  usual  thereafter, 
though  we  note  also  *  God  save  the  people,'  '  God 
save  the  People  of  the  United  States,'  and  '  God 
save  the  American  States.'  "—Pp.  340, 439-40. 

ALBERT  MATTHEWS. 

Boston,  U.S. 

GBIEBSON,  GBEBESON,  OB  GBEIB  FAMILY 

II  S.  i.  428,  496).— W.  S.  S.  is  wrong  in  his 
inference  at  the  latter  reference  that  Thomas 
Greer  died  about  1885.     He  died  at  the  age 
of  68  on  20  September,  1905. 

ALFBED  B.  BEAVEN. 
Leamington. 


ST.  AUSTIN'S  GATE  (11  S.  i.  408,  451). — 
Sufficient  data  are  provided  in  MB.  HAB- 
BEN'S  reply  to  prove  the  identity  of  this 
place-name.  John  Bartlett's  other  imprints 
still  further  assist.  Even  if  the  following 
do  not  refer  to  a  single  site,  they  are  useful 
For  our  purpose  : — 

"  Gilt  Cup,  near  St.  Austine's  Gate."    1641 

"  In  St.  Faith's  Parish."    1643-4. 

"  In  the  new  buildings  on  the  south  side  of  Paul's, 
neer  St.  Austine's  Gate,  at  the  sign  of  the  Gilt 
^p."  1655. 

Vide  H.  R.  Plomer's  '  Dictionary  of  Book- 
sellers and  Printers,1  &c.,  p.  15. 

ALECK  ABBAHAMS. 

"GOOGLIE":  CBICKET  SLANG  (10  S. 
xii.  110,  194,  274).— This  word  exactly  ex- 
presses the  nature  of  the  bowling  if,  as  seems 
most  probable,  it  is  the  Scandinavian  gogle 
(pronounced  almost  like  "googly"),  which 
means  to  trick  or  humbug.  Possibly  this 
word  was  introduced  into  cricket  by  some 
one  of  the  many  Englishmen  who  go  to 
Norway  to  fish.  It  would  be  interesting  to 
know  if  this  is  the  case. 

GEOBGE  RANKING. 

Park  Town  Oxford. 

RUMBELOW  (11  S.  i.  224,  276,  475).— I. 
came  across  two  men  bearing  this  surname 
in  the  Army,  belonging  to  different  corps,  and 
in  widely  separated  places.  At  the  present 
time  the  composing-room  of  a  London  paper 
has  a  deputy-foreman  of  this  name. 

CHABLES  S.  BUBDON. 


0tt 

Political   Satire   in   English    Poetry.     By    C.    W* 
Previt6-Orton.     (Cambridge  University  Press.) 

THIS  book  of  240  pages  represents  the  essay  which 
won  the  Members'  Prize  at  Cambridge  in  1908. 
As  is  the  way  of  prize  essays,  it  is  not  distinguished 
either  for  originality  or  brilliance,  but  it  is  a 
sound  and  careful  summary  of  the  subject,  which 
should  be  of  use  to  students. 

Beginning  with  the  Middle  Ages,  the  author 
comes  down  to  Swinburne,  Mr.  Kipling,  Mr. 
Blunt,  Mr.  Watson,  and  Mr.  Owen  Seaman,  whose 
characteristics  are  fairly  hit  off  in  brief  summaries. 
Some  of  the  works  mentioned,  however,  can 
hardly  be  regarded  as  political  at  all.  That  the 
survey  is  not  perfect  appears  from  the  neglect  of 
Bulwer  Lytton's  '  St.  Stephen's,'  an  effective 
piece  of  1860  which  has  left  some  famous  phrases 
with  us,  and  was  a  continuation  of  that  '  New 
Timon '  which  raised  Tennyson's  ire.  Lytton 
wielded  Pope's  metre  with  considerable  force, 
and  an  older  generation  than  that  to  which  Mr. 
Previte-Orton  belongs  did  not  disdain  to  recall  his 
descriptions  of  famous  men  from  John  Hampden 
to  O'Connell.  In  later  days  we  have  had  no- 
sustained  or  considerable  effort  in  the  heroic 


ii  s.  ii,  JULY  9, 1910,]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


39 


couplet,  though  there  is  plenty  of  material  for 
satire.  The  superabundance  of  jeremiads  in 
prose,  or  worse  than  prose,  on  politics  would 
certainly  be  relieved  by  an  occasional  comment 
in  verse.  In  earlier  days  Mr.  Kipling's  onslaught 
on  Irish  moonlighters  was  fierce  enough,  but  at 
present  he  seems  to  prefer  to  support  the  Empire 
by  rather  obscure  parables. 

To  The  Cornhill  for  July  Mrs.  Margaret  L. 
Woods  contributes  the  third  of  her  *  Pastels 
under  the  Southern  Cross,'  which  is  a  vivid  view 
of  South  Africa  and  the  half -seen  impressions  left 
by  a  railway  journey.  Incidentally  she  calls 
a  Bhodesian  express  the  "  most  comfortable 
express  in  the  world."  Mr.  W.  H.  Hudson  tells  in 
«  Cardinal '  the  story  of  the  first  and  last  caged  bird 
he  possessed.  It  is  a  poignant  little  sketch  done 
in  his  usual  excellent  style.  Dr.  W.  H.  D. 
Rouse  in  '  Humanistic  Education  not  without 
Latin  '  replies  to  a  paper  by  Mr.  A.  C.  Benson, 
and  refers  to  the  success  which  has  attended  his 
methods  of  teaching  at  the  Perse  School.  Dr. 
Rouse's  results  are,  we  believe,  remarkable,  and 
deserve  to  be  widely  known.  In  '  'Neath  Bluer 
Skies  '  the  Dean  of  Perth,  Western  Australia, 
writes  of  the  past  and  present  of  the  colony  in 
homely  and  effective  style.  Mr.  C.  Holmes 
Cautley's  collections  gathered  from  '  Old  Polk 
who  knew  the  Brontes  '  do  not  amount  to  much, 
but  give  us  a  suggestive  glimpse  here  and  there. 
The  short  stories  in  The  Cornhill  are  generally 
good  reading,  and  '  At  Wessel's  Farm,'  by  Mrs.  All- 
husen,  is  a  striking  little  picture  of  the  Boer  War. 
Mr.  John  Barnett  in  '  Benbow  and  his  Last  Fight ' 
shows  up  well  the  vigour  of  an  old  sea-dog.  A 
well-varied  number  is  completed  by  the  beginning 
of  a  story  by  Mr.  Eden  Phillpotts,  'The  Flint 
Heart.'  Mr.  Phillpotts  has  the  courage  to  begin  on 
Dartmoor  hi  the  New  Stone  Age. 

AMONG  several  political  articles  in  The  Fort- 
nightly we  content  ourselves  with  mentioning  Mr. 
Garvin's  '  Imperial  and  Foreign  Affairs  :  a  Re- 
view of  Events  *  for  this  writer  has  a  force  which  is 
uncommon  to-day,  and,  whatever  may  be  thought 
of  his  opinions,  always  puts  his  case  well.  We 
learn  that  Mr.  Roosevelt  has  taken  up  his  journal- 
istic work  on  the  American  Outlook,  and  will  not 
open  his  mouth  on  politics  for  two  months.  This 
is  a  relief  for  which  some  people  will  be  glad.  A 
valuable  and  singularly  outspoken  article  is  that 
on  '  The  Reading  Public  '  by  "  An  Ex-Librarian." 
It  expresses  the  thoughts  of  a  good  many  people, 
we  feel  sure,  who  merely  grumble  at  a  state  of 
affairs  they  feel  powerless  to  alter.  Publishers, 
booksellers,  and  libraries  alike  are  accused  of 
commercialism  and  ignorance.  The  various 
sections  which  make  up  the  "  reading  public  " 
are  analyzed,  and  the  sort  of  books  they  want. 
Librarians,  timorous  and  distrustful  of  critical 
views,  are  said  to  have  made  an  egregious  mis- 
take over  Mr.  Galsworthy's  book,  '  A  Man  of 
Property.'  Though  the  writer's  views  and  state- 
ments seem  to  us  somewhat  exaggerated,  there  is 
everything  to  be  said  for  the  general  truth  and 
soundness  of  his  conclusions,  and  we  thank  him 
heartily  for  speaking  out.  Experts  are  wanted 
in  this,  as  in  other  lines,  to  give  their  views  : 
people  with  taste  and  knowledge  behind  them, 
not  the  soi-disant  critics  for  whom  the  call  of 
commerce  is  the  chief  standard,  and  who  pose  as 
authorities.  Mr.  Yoshio  Markino  contributes 


in  charmingly  imperfect  English,  '  Some  Thoughts 
on  Old  Japanese  Art,'  and  we  hope  he  will  give  us 
some  day  the  book  he  meditates  on  the  subject. 
Meanwhile  his  stories  of  Oriental  artists  of  old  days 
are  fascinating.  In  '  The  Wits  *  Mr.  Norman 
Pearson  has  a  good  subject.  Dealing  with  the 
4  illuminati,"  at  once  fashionable  and  literary,  of 
the  latter  part  of  the  eighteenth  century,  he  takes 
some  celebrated  examples,  such  as  Selwyn, 
Dodington,  and  Horace  Walpole.  We  do  not 
think  Selwyn  is  so  poor  a  jester  as  he  makes  out, 
and  remark  that  a  student  of  the  period  will  find 
many  of  the  jests  quoted  stale.  The  Latin  quip  by 
Burke  has  been  familiar  for  many  years  in  Bos- 
well's  '  Johnson.'  Mr.  Pearson's  dicta  do  not 
exactly  impress  us  as  those  of  a  real  master  of  the 
period.  Mrs.  Shorter  has  an  agreeable  little  poem 
4  In  the  Carlyle  House,  Chelsea.'  Of  the  other 
articles  the  pleasantest  is  entitled  '  Paris  :  King 
Edward  VII.  and  Henri  Quatre,'  by  Mr.  John  F. 
Macdonald,  who  shows  clearly  the  affectionate  way 
in  which  the  late  King  was  regarded  in  that  city. 
To  the  people  of  Paris  he  was  worthy  to  be  com- 
pared with  that  great  figure  of  tradition  who 
was  Queen  Elizabeth's  contemporary  on  the 
French  throne. 

IN  The  Nineteenth  Century  the  editor's  name 
now  appears  as  W.  Wray  Skilbeck.  Monsignor 
Moyes  opens  with  an  article  on  '  The  Royal 
Declaration  '  in  which  he  explains  the  position  of 
the  Roman  Catholics.  There  are  two  or  three 
political  articles,  but  the  number,  as  a  whole, 
takes  a  wider  range  of  subject  than  some  of  its 
predecessors,  which  we  regard  as  an  improvement. 
Prince  Kropotkin  has  an  important  article  on 
'  The  Direct  Action  of  Environment  on  Plants,'  in 
which,  fortified  by  the  recent  experiments  of 
botanists,  he  is  inclined  to  believe.  Some  of  these 
experiments  are  very  striking  in  their  results,  and 
should  go  some  way  to  establish  a  tendency  which 
has  been  largely  denied  on  the  ground  of  precon- 
ceived theory.  Such,  at  least,  is  the  present  writer's 
view.  Mr.  R.  B.  Townshend  deals  hi  an  interest- 
ing way  with  '  Shooting  from  the  Saddle,'  in  the 
Boer  war  especially,  and  gives  some  reminiscences 
of  things  he  saw  done  in  his  earlier  days  of 
ranching.  '  Towards  Educational  Peace,  by 
Mr.  D.  C.  Lathbury,  exhibits  the  well-known  pre- 
possessions of  the  writer.  Mr.  Edward  McCurdy 
hi  '  Leonardo  da  Vinci  and  the  Science  of  Flight  * 
shows  once  again  his  knowledge  of  all  that  con- 
cerns the  great  artist.  Two  articles  on  the 
registration  of  nurses  and  the  Colonial  supply  of 
them  follow.  Mr.  E.  D.  Rendall  has  a  well- 
written  '  Plea  for  the  Introduction  of  Music 
among  the  Upper  Classes.'  The  democracy  are 
better  served  in  this  way,  he  points  out,  than 
schools  of  a  more  expensive  kind,  where  music  is 
an  off -subject,  apt  to  give  way  to  other  studies  or 
games.  In  '  Quare  Things '  Maude  Godley  supplies 
a  glimpse  of  Irish  Banshees  and  the  like.  The 
article  pleases  us,  but  is  too  short  to  be  satis- 
factory. Sir  W.  F.  Mteville  has  gathered  much  of 
interest  in  his  '  Side-lights  on  the  Story  of  the 
Suez  Canal,'  the  success  of  which  was,  it  appears, 
promoted  by  two  or  three  odd  causes — one,  the 
ability  of  Lesseps  as  a  horseman  ;  another,  the 
early  help  he  gave  to  a  distant  cousin  who  rose 
to  be  the  Empress  Eugenie.  The  circumstances 
of  the  sale  of  the  Khedive's  shares  to  this  country 
are  pretty  well  known,  but  the  story  ia  dramatic, 
and  distinctly  well  told  here. 


40 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tu  s.  n.  JULY  9(  mo. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — JULY. 

MESSRS.  S.  DRAYTON  &  SONS'  Exeter  Catalogue 
•215  contains  the  new  volumes  of  '  The  Encyclo- 
paedia Britannica  '  issued  by  The  Times,  11  vols., 
4to,  original  green  cloth,  51.  5s.  The  Naval 
Chronicle,  40  vols.,  half-leather,  with  617  plates 
tshould  be  524),  wanting  7  engraved  title-pages, 
•edges  entirely  uncut,  1799-1818,  is  10Z.  10s.  Under 
Dickens  is  the  first  edition  of  '  Hard  Times,' 
1854,  12s.  Qd.  Strickland's  '  Lives  of  the  Queens 
of  England,'  8  vols.,  cloth,  1851,  is  priced  at 
4Z.  4s.  There  is  an  excellent  copy  of  the  rare 
first  edition  of  Matthew  Arnold's  '  The  Strayed 
Reveller,'  original  cloth,  B.  Fellowes,  1849, 4Z.  4s. ; 
And  a  set  of  the  Exeter  Diocesan  Architectural 
-Society,  11  vols.,  4to,  parts  as  published,  1843-92, 
31.  10s.  (cost  a  subscriber  about  SOL).  There  are 
*ome  old  children's  books,  and  works  under  Oxford, 
Scotland,  &c. 

Mr.  Francis  Edwards  reminds  us  by  the  date 
on  his  Catalogue  304,  as  we  read  it  by  our  fireside, 
that  it  is  Midsummer.  It  contains  books  in  all 
•classes  of  literature — Biblical  archaeology,  biblio- 
graphy, books  about  books,  Court  memoirs,  and 
folk-lore.  Trials  include  those  of  Thistlewood, 
Eugene  Aram,  Sacheverell,  Sir  Francis  Burdett, 
Hone,  and  Palmer.  There  is  a  set  of  Hansard 
to  1905,  609  vols.,  binding  almost  new,  220Z.  ; 
-and  a  complete  set  of  the  Oxford  Historical 
Society,  48  vols.,  HZ.  The  general  portion  con- 
tains the  first  edition  of  Jerrold's  '  Men  of  Charac- 
ter,' 3  vols.,  full  calf  by  Bedford,  31.  15s.  ;  Jesse's 
Historical  Works,  30  vols.,  cloth,  1901,  81.  10s.  ; 
Lingard's  '  England,'  10  vols.,  half-calf,  4Z.  4s.  ; 
first  edition  of  Lytton's  '  Eugene  Aram,'  21.  ; 
a  set  of  Whyte-Melville,  24  vols.,  61.  6s.  ;  Nash's 
'*  Mansions,'  5  vols.,  imperial  4to,  text  in  folio,  half- 
morocco,  181.  18s.  ;  "  Sacred  Books  of  the  East," 
49  vols.,  20*. ;  Caldicott's  *  Silver  Plate,'  II.  10s.  ; 
the  Library  Edition  of  Thackeray,  26  vols., 
.  1883,  9Z.,  or  in  half-morocco,  151.  ;  and  a  set  of 
Valpy's  Classics,  160  vols.,  full  russia,  40Z. 

Mr.  Edwards  is  indefatigable  in  his  issue  of 
Catalogues,  for  hardly  had  we  written  the  above 
before  another  reached  us  from  him.  This  is 
devoted  to  Naval  and  Military  Literature,  and 
ahould  be  possessed  by  all  interested  in  those 
subjects.  We  find  old  Army  Lists  ;  works 
relating  to  Napoleon,  Marlborough,  Wellington, 
and  the  Crimean  War,  and  costumes  of  the 
Indian  Army,  the  Home  forces,  and  the  French 
army.  There  are  pamphlets  on  military  organiza- 
tion and  many  coloured  plates.  The  extremely 
rare  work  of  Marcuard,  1825,  is  251.  The  Naval 
portion  contains  among  coloured  plates  the 
action  between  the  Endymion  and  the  President 
on  the  15th  of  January,  1815,  14Z.  There  are 
four  lithographs  from  paintings  by  Schetky  of  the 
action  between  the  Shannon  and  the  Chesapeake 
on  the  1st  of  June,  1813,  121. 

There  is  one  work  of  more  general  interest. 
Under  Versailles  is  a  magnificent  copy  of  the 
Edition  de  Luxe  of  Gavard's  '  Galeries  historiques 
•de  Versailles,'  specially  printed  on  large  paper, 
with  the  series  of  1,422  steel  engravings  on 
China  paper,  and  the  Arms  of  the  Crusaders 
illuminated  in  gold,  silver,  and  colours,  18  vols., 
red  morocco  extra,  with  the  initials  of  Louis 
Philippe,  120Z. 


Messrs.  Maggs  Brothers'  Catalogue  257,  Part  I., 
is  devoted  to  works  in  English  before  1800.  The 
first  edition  of  Abbot's  '  Devout  Rhapsodies,' 
1647,  is  4Z.  4s.  ;  and  that  of  Addison's  '  Cam- 
paign,' Tonson,  1705,  6Z.  18s.  Under  Bacon  is 
the  sixth  edition  of  the  *  Essays,'  12mo,  full 
levant  extra,  1613,  a  fine  copy,26L  A  memoran- 
dum by  the  Duchess  of  Marlborough  in  Vol.  I.  of 
her  copy  of  Beaumont  and  Fletcher  states  that  the 
set  was  given  to  her  by  Mr.  Tonson  the  publisher, 
7  vols.,  full  calf  by  Riviere,  111.  11s.  There 
are  many  Bibles  and  Prayer  Books  and  a  unique 
copy  (privately  printed,  entirely  on  vellum,  at 
Milan  by  Pogliani  in  1873)  of  the  canonical 
histories  and  apocryphal  legends  relating  to  the 
New  Testament,  represented  in  drawings  with  a 
Latin  text,  small  folio,  original  half -morocco,  30Z. 
Fry's  facsimile  of  Tyndale's  New  Testament,  full 
morocco  by  Riviere,  1862,  is  11.  7s.  There  are 
some  magnificent  bindings,  including  a  very  early 
specimen  of  Henry  VIII.  binding,  Erasmus's 
'  Enchiridion,'  1524,  34Z.  There  is  much  of 
interest  under  Charles  I.,  Cromwell,  and  the 
Civil  War,  including  many  valuable  collections  of 
pamphlets.  Under  Cowley  is  the  first  collected 
edition,  folio,  fine  copy  in  the  original  calf,  1656, 
Wl.  10s.  Under  Cowper  are  an  uncut  copy  of 
Homer,  2  vols.,  4to,  original  boards,  1791,  Ql.  6s.  ; 
and  the  first  edition  of  the  '  Olney  Hymns.'  There 
is  a  magnificent  copy  of  the  first  issue  of  '  Robin- 
son Crusoe,'  with  '  The  Farther  Adventures,' 
2  vols.,  original  calf  bindings,  1719,  2501.  Among 
early  dictionaries  is  Cotgrave.  Items  under  Gay 
include  the  first  edition  of  the  '  Fables,'  2  vole, 
bound  in  1,  4to,  full  levant  by  Riviere,  1727-38, 
22Z.  lls.  Under  Goldsmith  is  'The  Vicar  of 
Wakefield,'  a  fine  tall  copy  of  the  first  edition, 
2  vols.,  12mo,  levant  by  Riviere,  1766, 110L  Under 
Milton  is  the  rare  first  collected  edition  of  his 
poems,  1645,  12mo,  levant  by  Riviere,  185Z.  ;  and 
under  Sir  Thomas  More  is  the  first  edition  of  his 
Works  including  the  '  Youthful  Poems,'  1557, 
281.  10s.  Among  works  on  the  Quakers  is  *  A 
Battle  Door  for  Teachers,'  folio,  original  calf, 
1660,  18Z.  18s.  A  tall  copy  in  fine  condition  of  the 
First  Folio  Shakespeare  (genuine  throughout 
except  that  the  title  with  verses  opposite,  two 
preliminary  leaves,  and  the  final  leaf  are  in 
facsimile,  and  the  blank  margins  of  one  or  two 
others  have  been  repaired),  full  levant,  is  priced 
900L  There  is  also  one  of  the  tallest  copies 
of  the  Second  Folio,  210L,  and  Halliwell's  edition 
of  Shakespeare's  Works  (No.  83,  of  150  copies), 
16  vols.,  large  folio,  1853-65,  801. 


s  in  ®0msp0tttonts. 

We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  following 
notices:— 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  dp  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.C. 

A.  BIRD.— We  do  not  answer  questions  as  to  the 
value  of  old  books  or  engravings. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  16,  i9io.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


41 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  16,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-No.  29. 

NOTES  :-Goldsmith's  'Deserted  Village,'  41— Statues  and 
Memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  42— Halley  and  Pyke 
Families,  44— "  Latifundia  perdidere  Italiam,"  45— John 
Rylands  Library  :  Dante  Codex -Proverb  quoted  by  Bp. 
Fisher— Witchcraft  in  the  Twentieth  Century— Hanover 
Chapel,  Peckham,  46— "Budget"  as  a  Verb,  47. 

QUERIES  :  -"  Tenth  "  or  "  Tent "  —  "  Tilleul "  —  English 
Sepulchral  Monuments  —  Garrick's  Version  of  'Romeo 
and  Juliet'— Swift  Family— AbbtS  Se— ,  47— Col.  Skelton 
of  St.  Helena— ' Drawing-Room  Ditties'  in  'Punch'— 
Snuff-box  Inscription  —  Upper  Cheyne  Row  — Bishop 
Hough  — Market  Day  — Ozias  Humphry's  Papers,  48  — 
Wimborne  a  Double  Monastery — Liardet— G.  Man — G. 
Thacker— Sir  W.  B.  Rush— Wolney  Hall— Westminster 
Cathedral  — Chideock  — Pigeon-houses  in  the  Middle 
Ages,  49. 

REPLIES  :— George  I.  Statues,  50—"  Senpere  "—Public 
School  Registers— Provincial  Booksellers,  52— "Barn"  in 
Place-Names  —  Haydon  and  Shelley  —  Paris  Family  — 
'Waterloo  Banquet'  —  Bibliography  of  London,  53  — 
Venice  and  its  Patron  Saint — Books  and  Engravings — E. 
Hatton— Index  to  the  Fathers— Pedlar's  Acre,  _  54— 
4 'Dicky  Birds" — Horace,  'Carmina' — Latin  Quotation — 
Author  Wanted  —  '  Duenna  and  Little  Isaac,'  55  — 
D'Orsay's  Journal— St.  Pancras  Church— Prince  Rupert 
— Feoffment— Doge's  Hat,  56— Comets— Hampshire  Hog, 
57— Hocktide— Cowes  Family— Dr.  W.  Saunders,  53— 
Arms  of  Stoneley  Priory— "Teart"— Mock  Coats  of  Arms, 
59. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS :-'  Grammar  of  the  Gothic  Language ' 
— Reviews  and  Magazines. 

OBITUARY  :-Dr.  Furnivall ;  D.  W.  Ferguson. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


GOLDSMITH'S  '  DESERTED  VILLAGE.* 

IN  The  Athenaeum  for  20  June,  1896,  the 
late  Col.  Francis  Grant  described  a  small 
octavo  edition  of  Goldsmith's  '  Deserted 
Village,'  W.  Griffin,  1770,  which  had  recently 
been  sold  by  auction  in  London,  and  which 
had  hitherto  escaped  the  notice  of  biblio- 
graphers. On  the  8th  of  August  following 
The  Athenaeum  published  another  letter 
which  drew  attention  to  a  copy  of  '  The 
Deserted  Village,'  8vo,  with  Griffin's  im- 
print, which  differed  materially  from  that 
described  by  Col.  Grant.  A  third  variation 
was  not  long  afterwards  discovered,  and  a 
most  exhaustive  comparison  of  the  three 
octavos  and  the  six  quartos  of  1770  was 
subsequently  made  by  Mr.  Luther  S.  Living- 
ston, who,  after  causing  a  transcript  to  be 
made  of  the  supposed  first  octavo,  had 
each  of  the  four  hundred  and  thirty-two 
lines  copied  on  separate  sheets,  and  had 
written  in  below  every  variation  in  text,  spel- 
ling, and  punctuation  which  occurred  in  the 
nine  editions.  Such  a  conscientious  and 


painstaking  piece  of  work  is  probably  un- 
paralleled in  the  annals  of  bibliography ; 
and  although  an  infinite  number  of  varia- 
tions in  spelling,  abbreviation,  and  punctua- 
tion were  discovered  in  the  different  editions, 
it  nevertheless  proved  to  be  impossible  to 
reach  a  satisfactory  conclusion  with  regard 
to  the  actual  priority  of  the  octavos  relatively 
to  the  first  quarto. 

The  only  real  textual  variation  occurred  in 
1.  37,  which  in  the  supposed  first  octavo  reads 

Amidst  thy  bowers  the  tyrant's  head  is  seen. 
In  the  first    quarto  and   in  the  other    two 
octavos,   as  well  as  in   every  later  edition, 
the  line  reads 

Amidst  thy  bowers  the  tyrant's  hand  is  seen. 
Mr.  Livingston's  results,  which  were  pub- 
lished in  the  New  York  Bookman  for  Feb- 
ruary, 1901,  under  the  title  of  '  A  Biblio- 
graphical Puzzle,'  have  generally  been  con- 
sidered the  last  word  upon  the  subject,  and 
Mr.  Austin  Dobson,  in  referring  to  them  in 
his  most  recent  edition  of  Goldsmith's 
'  Poems  '  ("  World's  Classics  "),  1907,  p.  172, 
note,  merely  mentions  the  existence  of  the 
octavos  with  the  remark  that  they  "  are 
certainly  not  in  the  form  in  which  the  poem 
was  first  advertised  and  received,  as  this  was 
a  quarto."  Another  small  octavo  edition, 
has,  however,  recently  come  into  my  posses- 
sion, which  may  possibly  throw  some  light 
on  the  relative  positions  of  the  supposed 
first  octavo  and  the  first  quarto. 

This  is  a  small  octavo  pamphlet,  measur- 
ing 6£  in.  by  4J  in.,  and  is  in  its  original  con- 
dition, the  pages  being  still  untouched  by 
the  paper  knife.  It  is  sewn  in  grey-green 
wrappers,  and  the  title-page  is  engraved, 
with  the  following  inscription  :  "  The  | 
Deserted  Village,  |  A  |  Poem  |  By  Dr.  Gold- 
smith. |  [Oval  vignette.]  London  :  |  Printed 
for  J.  Barker,  Russell  Court,  |  Drury  Lane." 
There  is  no  date.  It  is  printed  on  one  large 
folio  sheet,  folded  into  quarter  sheets,  and 
each  signature  ([A],  B,  c,  and  D)  consists 
therefore  of  four  leaves.  The  collation  is  : 
Half-title,  p.  [i],  verso  blank  ;  title,  p.  [iii] 
verso  blank  ;  Dedication,  p.  [v]-vii ;  adver- 
tisement, p.  [viii]  ;  text,  pp.  [9-32].  The 
title  is  not  separately  inserted,  but,  though 
engraved,  forms  part  of  quarter-sheet  A. 

The  peculiarity  of  this  edition  is  that  it 
contains  the  errors  of  the  supposed  first 
octavo,  including  the  "  tyrant's  head  n  in 
1.  37,  with  two  exceptions.  In  the  supposed 
first  octavo  the  word  "  each  n  in  1.  8  is  mis- 
printed "  earch,"  and  in  1.  302  "  peasant  " 
is  misprinted  "  peasants.'1  In  the  Grant 
copy — the  only  one  of  the  supposed  first 


42 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  n.  JULY  ie,  1910. 


edition  examined  by  Mr.  Livingston — a  line 
in  old  ink  had  been  drawn  through  the 
"  r  "  in  "  earch  n  in  1.  8,  and  through  the 
"  s  "  in  "  peasants  n  in  1.  302.  It  is  curious 
that  in  the  Barker  copy  in  my  possession 
both  these  words  are  printed  correctly. 

Every  one  knows  the  oval  engraving  on  the 
title-page  of  the  first  quarto  of  '  The  Deserted 
Village,'  "  Isaac  Taylor  del.  &  sculp.,"  which 
represents  the  old  watercress  woman,  "  the 
sad  historian  of  the  pensive  plain,'1  telling 
her  sorrowful  story  to  the  pilgrim  leaning  on 
his  staff.  In  the  little  Barker  edition  a  copy 
of  this  engraving  appears  on  the  title-page, 
"  Mutlow  &  Woodman,  sculpt  «  .  ft  js  by  no 
means  badly  engraved,  but  the  fact  of  it 
being  reversed  shows  that  it  is  a  copy. 

Mr.  Livingston  observes  that  "  it 
generally  considered,  in  comparing  similar 
editions  of  any  book,  that  the  edition  with 
the  errors  antedates  the  corrected  edition.'* 
Barker's  edition  contains  the  errors  of  the 
supposed  first  octavo,  but  the  presence  of  the 
copied  engraving  on  the  title-page  shows 
that  it  must  have  been  issued  later  than  the 
first  quarto.  It  seems  clear,  therefore,  that 
the  fact  of  the  supposed  first  octavo 
containing  these  errors  does  not  conclusively 
establish  its  priority  over  the  first  quarto. 

All  these  octavos  may  have  been  pirated 
though  as  Griffin's  name  appears  on  three  o 
them  it  must  have  called  for  some  audacity 
to  forge  the  imprint  of  the  genuine  publisher 
upon  their  title-pages.     It  would  seem  more 
likely  that  cheap  reprints  of  popular  poem 
were    circulated   as    chapbooks    in   country 
towns    and    villages.     This    would    accoun 
for    the    extreme     rarity    of     these    littl 
pamphlets,    and    perhaps    for    the    careles 
manner  in  which  they  were  printed.     Th 
reading  of  these  poems  to  his  rustic  audienc 
was  perhaps  one  of  the  most  grateful  duties  o 
the  village  schoolmaster  in  the  long  evening 
that  brought  the  peasant  "  sweet  oblivion  o 
his  daily  care."'  W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 


STATUES   AND    MEMORIALS    IN    THE 

BRITISH  ISLES. 

{See  10  S.  xi.  441  ;    xii.  51,  114,  181,  401 
11  S.  i.  282.) 

ROYAL  PERSONAGES  (continued). 
Belfast. — A     colossal     equestrian     statu 
of    William    III.     surmounts    the     Orang 
Hall,  Clifton  Street.     It  was  erected  at  th 
cost  of  the  Orangemen  of  Ulster  in   188 
It  is  the  work  of  Mr.  Harry  Hems  of  Exete 
and  represents  William  mounted  on  his  eel 
brated    white    charger,    waving    his    swore 


loft,    and    cheering    his    followers    to    the- 
tiarge  as  at  the  battle  of  the  Boyne.     Mr. 
!ems  kindly  informs  me  : — 
"  Great  pains  were  taken  to  have  the  apparel 
worn     by     the     rider     historically     correct.     To 
:tain  this  end  the  more  successfully,  the  actual 
quipment  in  which  William  was  dressed   (now 
n  the  possession  of  the  Baroness  von  Staiglitz> 
vas  loaned  to  me  for  that  purpose." 

t  was  unveiled  by  Col.  Sanderson,  M.P.,  on 
8  November,  1889,  in  the  presence  of  a  con- 
ourse  of  more  than  20,000  people. 

Bristol. — In  the  centre  of  Queen  Square 
s  an  equestrian  statue  of  William  III.  It 
s  generally  stated  to  be  constructed  of 
opper,  but  I  am  informed  that  it  is  more 
probably  composed  of  lead.  The  sculptor 
was  Rysbrack,  who  received  1,800Z.  for  the 
work.  In  1833  a  writer  stated  that  "  per- 
laps  as  a  work  of  art  [it]  is  not  surpassed  by 
anything  of  a  similar  nature.'8 

Petersfield,  Hants. — Here  is  a  lead  eques- 
trian statue  of  William  III.  It  was  the  gift 
of  William  Jolliffe,  Esq.,  and  stands  on  a 
ofty  pedestal  near  the  church.  I  am  in- 
brmed  by  a  correspondent  that  it  is  much 
warped  by  the  sun. 

Paignton,  Devon. — About  three  miles  from 
Paignton,  on  the  road  to  Totnes,  stands  an 
old  house  known  as  the  Parliament  House. 
Here  William  III.  held  his  first  Parliament 
after  landing  at  Brixham,  5  November,  1688. 
The  incident  is  commemorated  on  a  stone- 
erected  in  the  garden. 

Minehead,  Somerset. — A  white  marble 
statue  of  Queen  Anne  was  presented  to  the 
town  in  1719  by  Sir  Jacob  Bankes,  or  Bancks, 
who  represented  Minehead  in  Parliament 
for  sixteen  years.  Its  first  site  was  on  or 
near  the  pier,  but  to  save  it  from  the  action 
of  the  weather  it  was  eventually  removed  to 
the  church.  It  was  re-erected  in  Wellington 
Square  by  public  subscription  in  1893,  being 
placed  within  a  domed  structure  upon  a 
pedestal  of  red  granite. 

Barnstaple,  Devon. — In  the  Strand,  oppo- 
site the  bottom  of  Cross  Street,  is  the 
Exchange,  built  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne. 
Her  Majesty's  full-length  statue  graces  the 
centre  of  the  parapet.  The  piazza  is  known 
as  Queen  Anne's  walk. 

Kingston-on-Thames,  Surrey. — Over  the 
main  entrance  to  the  Town  Hall,  built  in 
1840,  is  placed  a  leaden  statue  of  Queen 
Anne,  which  occupied  a  niche  in  the  previous 
structure. 

Basingstoke,  Hants. — Near  this  town  is 
Hackwood,  the  seat  of  the  Duke  of  Bolton. 
The  house  was  built  by  Inigo  Jones  in  1688. 
In  front  of  it  stands  an  equestrian  statue  of 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  16,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


George  I.  presented  by  that  monarch  to  the 
then  Duke  of  Bolton.  See  LOUD  QUEZON'S 
query,  ante,  p.  7,  and  also  post,  p.  51. 

St.  Helier,  Jersey. — Royal  Square  was 
originally  named  the  Market  Place,  and  here 
formerly  stood  the  old  market  cross.  The 
same  site  now  contains  a  gilded  statue  of 
George  II.  erected  by  public  subscription.  It 
was  unveiled  9  July,  1751,  and  represents  the 
King  in  Roman  costume. 

Bath. — When  William,  Prince  of  Orange, 
came  to  England  in  1734  to  espouse  the 
Princess  Royal  (Anne),  daughter  of  George 
II.,  he  visited  Bath,  and  experienced  great 
benefit  from  drinking  the  waters.  In 
memory  of  this  visit  Beau  Nash  caused  a 
pillar  to  be  erected  in  the  Orange  Grove.  On 
it  was  placed  the  following  inscription, 
composed  by  Nash  : — 

In  Memoriam* 

Sanitatis 

Principi  Auriaco 

Aquarum  Thermalium  potu, 

Favente  Deo, 

Ovante  Britannia, 

Feliciter  Restitute, 

MDCCXXXIV. 

The  'Guide  to  all  the  Watering  and  Sea- 
Bathing  Places'  (1806)  describes  it  as  "a 
small  obelisk,  which  a  Bath  waggon  might 
carry  to  London  at  once,  without  being  over- 
loaded." 

Bath. — In  the  centre  of  Queen's  Square 
stands  a  tall  obelisk  70  feet  high,  "shaped 
and  pointed  like  a  bookbinder's  needle." 
'>  was  erected  by  Nash  in  memory  of 
Frederick  Lewis,  Prince  of  Wales,  son  of 
George  II.,  and  his  consort  Augusta, 
youngest  daughter  of  Frederick  II.,  Duke 
of  Saxe-Coburg.  It  contains  the  following 
inscription,  written  by  Pope  : — 

In  memory 
of  honours  conferred, 

and  in  gratitude 
for  benefits  bestowed 

on  this  city 

by  his  Royal  Hignness 

Frederick,  Prince  of  Wales, 

and  his 

Royal  Consort, 

in  the  year  MDCCXXXVII, 

This  Obelisk  is  erected 

by  Richard  Nash,  Esq. 

Hagley,  Worcestershire. — In  Hagley  Park 
is  a  tall  column  surmounted  by  a  statue  of 
Frederick  Lewis,  Prince  of  Wales.  It  was 
erected  in  1737  by  George,  Lord  Lyttelton, 
who  was  at  that  time  the  Prince's  secretary. 
Windsor. — On  the  summit  of  Snow  Hill, 
at  the  end  of  the  Long  Walk  in  the  Great 
Park,  is  a  colossal  bronze  equestrian  statue 
of  George  III.  it  was  erected  by  command 


of  George  IV.  from  a  design  by  Sir  Richard 
Westmacott,  being  completed  and  placed 
in  position  in  1832.  The  statue  is  raised 
upon  a  pedestal  consisting  of  a  mass  of 
rough  stones  intended  to  represent  a  rock. 
The  total  elevation  is  over  50  feet,  the  statue 
itself  being  26  feet  in  height.  At  the  time 
of  its  erection  a  writer  said  : — 

"  The  likeness  to  the  face  of  George  III.  is. 
very  admirable  ;  but  those  who  recollect  that 
monarch  in  his  plain  blue  coat  or  his  military 
jack-boots  will  have  difficulty  to  recognize  him 
in  his  Roman  costume." 

Weymouth,  Dorset. — It  was  right  and 
fitting  that  the  people  of  Weymouth  should 
erect  a  statue  to  their  tutelary  monarch 
George  III.,  whose  frequent  visits  added  so 
much  to  their  prosperity.  This  "  imposing," 
though  "  somewhat  unsightly "  work  of 
art  stands  on  the  Esplanade  at  the  junction 
of  St.  Mary  and  St.  Thomas  Streets.  It  was 
erected  in  1809  by 

The    Grateful    Inhabitants 

to  George  the  Third 

on  his  entering  the  50th  year 

of  his  reign. 

Liverpool. — An  equestrian  statue  of  George 
III.  is  erected  on  the  London  Road.  It  was 
designed  by  Westmacott  in  imitation  of  that 
of  Marcus  Aurelius  at  Rome.  It  was  placed 
in  position  in  1809,  being  originally  intended 
for  a  site  in  Great  George  Square.  Its  total 
height  is  30  feet. 

Liverpool. — On  the  west  wall  of  the  south 
shed,  No.  1  Branch  of  the  Alexandra  Dock, 
is  a  granite  tablet  containing  a  representa- 
tion of  the  Arms  of  Great  Britain  and  the 
Crest  of  the  Prince  of  Wales.  It  is  thus 
inscribed  : — 

"  These  arms  of  Great  Britain  in  the  reign  of 
George  III.  were  removed  from  an  old  building- 
on  the  Dock  Estate,  and  re-erected  here,  as  a 
memorial  of  the  auspicious  visit  of  their  Royal 
Highnesses  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Wales,, 
on  the  occasion  of  the  opening  of  these  Docks, 
September  8,  1881." 

Bristol. — There  was  apparently  at  one 
time  a  statue  of  George  III.  here.  A  writer 
circa  1833  states  : — 

"  A  stone  statue  of  George  III.  was  erected 
in  Portland  Square  ;  but  during  the  French  war- 
party  feeling  ran  so  high  that  the  head  of  the 
statue  was  knocked  off  one  night,  and  the 
pedestal  now  alone  remains." 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

In  The  Lady's  Magazine,  1901,  there  is  an 
article  by  Milton  Brooke  on  '  Statues  to 
Women.' 

A  memorial  to  Sir  John  Moore,  killed 
at  Corunna,  was  unveiled  on  19  November 
last  at  Sandgate.  R.  J.  FYNMOBE. 


44 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [11  s.  n.  JULY  is,  1910. 


HALLEY    AND    PYKE    FAMILIES. 

(See  10  S.  ix.  166  ;  xi.  407.) 

MR.  R.  J.  BEEVOR,  of  Reymerston,  Mano 
Road,  St.  Albans,  has  kindly  suppliec 
abstracts  of  five  Halley  wills  recordec 
at  Lichfield.  Brief  extracts  are  giver 
below  : — 

Will  of  Henry  Halle  of  Youlgreave,  co.  Derby 
dated  26  May,  1536. — To  be  buried  in  the  church 
yard  of  All  Halloics,  Youlgreave  ;  mention 
daughter  Mawde  and  others  ;  executors  Agne 
my  wife  and  John  my  son.  Proved  by  executor 
4  Oct.,  1536.  Inventory  dated  29  Sept.,  1536 
amount,  15Z.  14s.  4of. 

Will  of  Richard  Halley  of  Ashborne,  co.  Derby 
(upper  part  of  will  eaten  away). — Bequeaths  to 
cousin  Ric.  Halley  my  parte  of  the  treyne  which 
Will'm  Dickonson  of  Uttoxeter  oweth  unto  us 
that  is  to  witt  xxi-  galons  for  my  pte.  Inventory 
dated  3  February  (no  year  given — lower  pan 
missing).  Proved  13  Sept.,  1552. 

Will  of  Robert  Halley  of  Derwent,  p'ch  Hather 

sage,  co.  Derby  ;    dated 1557. — To  be  buried 

In  the  churchy erde  of  St.  Peter  of  Hope  ;  mentions 
Nichs.   Halley,   brother  ;     John   Halley,   brother 
•executor.     Inventory     dated     12     April,     1558 
amount,   81.   10s.     Proved  20  April,  1558,  by  the 
sole  executor. 

Will  of  Robert  Halley  of  Gretton,  parish  of 
Youlgreave;  dated  8  Feb.,  1557. — To  be  buried; 
in  the  parish  church  of  All  Saints  in  Youlgreave  ; 
goods  to  be  divided  into  three  parts,  one  part  to 
wife  Agnes  Halley,  and  the  two  other  parts  to 
Homfrey  Halley  and  Wylm  Halley  my  sons. 
Inventory  dated  2  April,  1559  ;  amount,  17Z.  10s. 
Proved  by  Homfrey  and  Wylm.  Halley,  executors, 
5  April,  1559. 

Will  of  John  Halley  of  Stanton,  p'ch  Youl- 
greave, co.  Derby ;  dated  15  March,  1576. — 
No  place  of  burial  named  ;  eldest  son  Henry 
Halley  ;  wife  Elyn  ;  six  children  (no  names  given); 
son  George  Halley.  Executors  :  wife  Elyn  and 
son  Henry.  Inventory  dated  11  April ....  amount 
59Z.  15s.  4d.  Proved  by  both  executors,  17  April, 
1577. 

The  italics  are  mine.  There  are  other 
entries  of  Halley  wills  in  the  index  of  the 
Probate  Registry  at  Lichfield,  but  some  of 
the  (perhaps  most  relevant)  documents,  in- 
cluding two  William  Halley  wills,  are  non- 
extant.  Among  such  missing  documents  is 
the  administration  of  the  estate  of  Hum- 
phrey and  Margaret  Halley  of  Cheddleton 
(Ad.,  190  b,  1  July,  1597).  Perhaps  this 
Humphrey  Halley  was  identical  with  the 
Homfrey  Halley,  son  of  Robert  Halley  of 
Gretton,  in  the  parish  of  Youlgreave  (see 
above),  and  also  (?)  with  his  namesake  men- 
tioned in  the  following  item,  recently  sup- 
plied by  a  record-searcher  in  London  : — 

"  Duchy  of  Lancaster  :  Hawley.  Pleadings  in 
the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth  ;  printed  calendar, 
p.  311,  has  (35th  year  of  Queen  Elizabeth) 


'  Humfrey  Hawley  &  Wynifride  Streethey  or 
Stretye.'  Both  are  defendants  as  to  tenements 
and  lands  at  Uttoxeter,  Staffordshire.  Occupant 
of  the  premises  was  William  Walker,  and  the 
lessee  was  Robert  Wells.  Uttoxeter  is  on  the 
border  of  Derbyshire." 

Here,  no  doubt,  we  have  a  clue  to  the 
earlier  ancestry  of  the  famous  astronomer. 
The  latter's  paternal  grandfather  was 
Humphrey  Halley,  vintner,  of  London,  of 
whose  history  some  new  facts  have  lately 
been  recovered. 

Mr.  Beevor,  after  consulting  the  early 
records  of  the  Stationers'  Company,  printed 
by  E.  Arber,  sends  this  item  : — 

"  '  Received  of  Edmonde  Hallye  at  his  making 
free  of  this  Company  the  26th  day  Feb.,  1560, 
3s.  -id.'  There  are  also  entries  relating  to  licences 
to  print  accorded  to  the  same  Edmonde  Hallye 
1562-6.  Can  it  be  that  this  was  an  ancestor  of  the 
astronomer  ?  It  seems  possible." 

*N.  &  Q.,'  at  3  S.  iii.  283-4,  gives  some 
entries  from  the  registers  of  All  Hallows, 
Barking,  in  Essex.  I  repeat  three  below  : — 

"  1575.  Robt.  Ward,  who  dyed  in  the  streat, 
bur.  28  Jan>." 

"1582.  William',  sonne  of  Willm  Dethick  al's 
Yorke,  One  of  the  Heraultes,  bur.  March  28." 

"  1684,  April  22.  Mr  Edmund  Halley  of  London, 
Merchant,  murthered,  &  buryed  in  linen,  21.  6s.  pa 
to  this  parish  for  y6  use  of  the  poor." 

Again  the  italics  are  mine.  The  con- 
tributor, MB.  EDWARD  J.  SAGE  of  Stoke 
Newington,  mentions  a  "valuable  paper" 
on  the  Barking  registers  by  Mr.  Henry  W.. 
King  (Transactions  Essex  Arch.  Society,  vol.  ii. 
Dart  iii.),  but  examination  thereof  reveals 
nothing  new  in  our  quest. 

The  Rev.  J.  W.  Eisdell,  Vicar  of  Barking, 
Essex,  obligingly  supplies  Mr.  Beevor  with 
he  following  interesting  entries  : — 

"1684,  April  22.  Mr.  Edmund  Halley  of 
1/ondon,  Merchant,  murthered  and  buryed  in 
inen,  21.  10s.  pd  to  this  Parish  for  the  use  of  the 
)oor." 

"  1672,  Oct.  24.  Ann,  wife  of  Edmond  Haw 
ey," 

"...  .There  is  a  hiatus  in  the  registers  (mar- 
iage)  1645-1661.  I  can  find  no  trace  of  the 
>aptism  of  Edmond  Halley  [1656]." 

"  I  think  this  is  a  correct  transcription  : — 

"  *  1617.  November,  Humphrey  Hayly  &  Kathe- 
ine  Newes,  married  ye  24th  day  of  November ' ; 
ut  the  writing  is  difficult." 
The     bride's     maiden      surname    was,    un- 

oubtedly,  Mewes  or  Mewce. 

A  search  of  the  registers  of  St.  Giles, 
3ripplegate  (1606-1719),  had  already  re- 
vealed this  entry : — 

"Ann,  w.  of  Edm  Halley,  Gent, buried 24th  Oct., 
672,  at  Barking." 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  16,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


45 


Thus  we  learn  the  Christian  name  of  the 
astronomer's  mother.  Who  was  she  ?  Among 
the  baptismal  entries  at  St.  Giles,  Cripple- 
gate,  is  :— 

"Katherine,  daugh  of  Edm  Hally,  salter,  &  of 
Ann,  b.  7th  Feb.,  1658,  baptized  17  Feb." 
Ann  was  also  the  name  of  the  wife  of  William 
Halley,  brother  of  E.  Halley,  salter. 

Francis  Halley,  sen.,  son  of  the  said 
William  Halley,  married,  17  Aug.,  1696, 
Elliner  Pyke.  The  printed  register  of  St, 
Christopher  le  Stocks  has  this  entry  : — 

"Frans  Hally  and  Elliner  Pike,  Boath  of 
Allholows  Staeing,  married  Aug.  17,  1696." 
The  groom  was  a  first  cousin  of  the  astro- 
nomer Halley.  There  is  some  indication  of 
an  earlier  relationship  (as  well  as  a  later) 
between  the  Halley  and  Pyke  families.  Did 
Ann  Pyke,  daughter  of  Edward  Pyke  of 
Queenhithe  Ward,  London  (fl.  1634),  marry? 
If  so,  whom  ? 

The  *  Register  of  St.  Benet's,  Paul's  Wharf, 
London:  Vol.  I.  Christenings s  (Harl.  Soc., 
Lond.,  1909),  gives  on  pp.  10-14  the  baptism 
of  six  children  of  one  Dr.  Hally  or  Halley, 
named  Henry,  Elizabeth,  John,  Rachel, 
Dorothy,  and  Richard  (between  1629  and 
1635).  The  same  work  (p.  48)  mentions 
the  baptism  of  Margaret  (1  May,  1685), 
daughter  of  Edmund  and  Mary  Hally. 
This  serves  to  establish  the  astronomer's 
residence  at  that  period. 

Will  of  Edward  Hawley  of  London,  Knight; 
dated  17  May,  1627.— Mentions  brother  Gabriell 
H. ;  brother  Hal  ton  H.  ;  nephew  Robert  H.,  son  of 
deceased  brother  Sir  Henry  H. ;  children  of  brother 
Gabriell  H.  ;  brother  Gabriell  sole  exr,  but  if  he  is 
not  living,  brother  Robert  H.  exr.  Adm.  24  Oct., 
1629,  to  Francis  Hawley,  brother  of  Robert  H. 
Edward  H.  nuper  in  partibus  transmarinis  def9. 
Gabriell  died  before  administering.  (P.C.C.,  Ridley 
89). 

Will  of  Richard  Hawley  of  London,  doctor  of 
physick.  —  Eldest  son  Henry  H.  ;  loving  wife 
Dorothie  H.  ;  five  children,  Henry,  John,  Richard, 
Kachell,  and  Dorothie;  loving  friend  Gilbert 
Dethick  and  loving  brother  James  H.  ex".  Dated 
2o  April,  1636 ;  proved  16  May,  1636,  by  James  H., 
power  reserved  to  Gilbert  Dethick.  Signature 
copied  Richard  Hawly;  name  throughout  will 
written  Hawley.  (P.C.C.,  Pile  65). 

In  a  list  of  Somerset  House  wills  Richard 
Hawly  is  described  as  of  St.  Benet's,  Paul's 
Wharf  (presumably  based  on  the  probate  act 
book),  but  he  is  not  so  described  in  his  will. 

"  The  Dethicks  were  a  Derbyshire  family.'* 
A  pedigree  thereof  appears  in  the  '  Visita- 
tion of  Norfolk'  (Norfolk  and  Norwich 
Arch.  Soc.,  vol.  i.,  pp.  237-42).  See  also 
11  S.  i.  308. 

Will  of  James  Pyke  of  Deptford,  Kent.— Wife 
Catherine  ;  sons  William,  George,  and  James ; 


wife  and  eldest  son  Wm  ex18.  Witnesses  :  Geo. 
Edge,  Thos.  Wellings,  John  Sendall  his  sere. 
Dated  17  Feb.,  1718  ;  proved  11  March,  1718. 
(P.C.C.) 

Will  of  James  Pike,  mariner,  of  H.M.S.  Dread- 
nought.— All  to  wife  Sarah  Pike  of  parish  of 
Aldgate,  sole  exix.  Dated  13  April,  1743.  Wit- 
nesses :  Ed.  Boscawen,  Mich.  Tisdell.  Proved 
by  executrix  29  July,  1762.  (P.C.C.) 

Will  of  James  Pyke  of  Upper  Moorfield,  in  the 
psh.  of  St.  Leonard's,  Shoreditch,  silk  dyer. — 
Sister  Mary  Cooper,  wife  of  William  Cooper  of 
Newgate  Street,  weaver,  sole  exu  and  residuary 
legatee  ;  sister  Elizabeth  Norton,  wife  of  Thomas 
Norton  of  Befford,  Northants,  husbandman  ; 
nephew  Thomas,  one  of  sons  of  late  brother 
William  Pyke  ;  nephews  and  nieces  James 
Pyke,  John  Pyke,  Elizabeth  P.,  and  Mary  Watson, 

wife  of  Watson,  Baker  ;  other  children  of 

W.  P.  ;  nephew  W™  P.  (son  of  brother  Wm)  and 
Sarah  his  wife.  Dated  18  July,  1750.  Witnesses: 
John  Parry,  Thos.  Upton.  Proved  21  June, 
1751,  by  executrix.  (P.C.C.,  Busby,  186.) 

Once  more  the  italics  are  mine  in  the  wills 
of  James  Pyke  of  Deptford  and  of  James 
Pyke  of  St.  Leonard's,  Shoreditch.  A 
search  was  made  of  the  baptismal  register 
(1702-8)  of  St.  Nicholas,  Deptford,  to  ascer- 
tain whether  the  older  James  (will  proved 
1718)  had  a  daughter  Mary  or  Elizabeth, 
but  in  vain.  This  makes  one  doubt  a  little 
the  identity  of  his  son  James  with  the  James 
Pyke  of  St.  Leonard's,  Shoredith.  It  will  be 
noted  that  the  latter  mentions  a  nephew 
William  Pyke  and  Sarah  his  wife.  What 
was  the  maiden  surname  of  the  wife  Sarah  ? 
Was  she  a  daughter  of  Mrs.  Sybilla  Halley 
of  East  Greenwich  (ob.  1772)  by  a  marriage 
before  that  with  the  astronomer's  only 
maturing  son,  Edmund  Halley,  jun.,  surgeon 
R.N.  (ob.  Feb.,  1740/41)  ?  He  seems  to 
have  died  without  issue  (10  S.  vii.  446). 
What  was  the  surname  of  Mrs.  Sybilla 
Halley 's  (supposed)  first  husband  ?  Was 
it  Stewart  or  Bruce  ?  Did  they  have  two 
daughters,  Sybilla  and  Sarah  ?  Did  one 
daughter,  Sybilla,  marry  John  Parry  and 
have  issue  (see  10  S.  xii.  344  ;  11  S.  i.  286)  ? 
Did  the  other  (supposed)  daughter,  Sarah, 
marry  William  Pyke  and  have  issue  one 
son  James,  born  c.  1751  ?  See  9  S.  xi.  205-6  ; 
xii.  468.  The  answers  to  these  queries 
may  solve  the  entire  problem. 

Nearly  all  the  foregoing  notes  were 
generously  supplied  to  the  present  writer  by 
Mr.  Beevor.  EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 

1,  Park  Row,  Chicago. 


"  LATIFUNDIA  PEBDIDEBE  ITALIAM." — A 
correspondent  asked  recently  for  the  source 
of  this  quotation,  which  was  sent  direct.  It 
is  well  known  to  students  of  Roman  history, 
but  as  I  now  find  that  it  is  unrecorded  alike 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  JULY  ie,  mo. 


an  the  '  Dictionary  of  Quotations  (Classi- 
cal),' by  T.  B.  Harbottle,  and  King's  '  Classi- 
cal and  Foreign  Quotations,'  I  add  the  text 
and  reference  : — 

"Verumque  confitentibus  latifundia  perdidere 
Italiam  :  jam  vero  et  provincias." — Pliny,  *  Natural 
History,'  xviii.  6. 

EDITOR. 

JOHN  RYLANDS  LIBRARY  :  DANTE  CODEX. 
— Lest  it  should  escape  the  attention  of 
your  readers,  kindly  allow  me  to  bring  to 
their  notice  the  long  article  by  Dr.  Cossio  on 
•*  The  Landi  Dante  Codex  at  Manchester,' 
which  appears  in  the  June  number  of  The 
Antiquary.  The  precious  manuscript,  fully 
described,  is  preserved  in  the  John  Rylands 
library,  and  Dr.  Cossio,  the  well-known 
Dante  scholar,  suggests  that  it  should  be 
called  "  The  Codex  Manquniensis." 

MINIME. 

PROVERB  QUOTED  BY  BISHOP  FISHER. — 
At  10  S.  vi.  486  W.  C.  B.  quoted  the  following 
words  from  Bishop  Fisher's  l  Assertionis 
Lutheranae  Confutatio,'  1523  (p.  463),  and 
asked  for  the  origin  and  reference  : — 

"Sic  enim  (renitente  prouerbio)  Thylaco  maior 
«rit  accessoria  sarcinula." 

The  source  is  a  passage  in  chap.  x.  of  Lucian's 
•dialogue  '  Demosthenis  Encomium.'  One 
of  the  speakers  is  meditating  a  panegyrical 
address  on  Demosthenes.  His  friend  en- 
couragingly reminds  him  of  the  wealth  of 
material  that  lies  to  hand,  and  begins  by 
enumerating  at  length  the  many  points  that 
can  be  made  in  connexion  with  the 
importance  and  splendour  of  Demosthenes' 
native  city — Athens,  but  breaks  off  to  remark 
that  perhaps  he  may  be  anxious  not  to 
draw  down  on  himself  the  gibe  that  want  of 
proportion  is  apt  to  provoke,  the  proverb 
about  the  label  being  bigger  than  the  bag  : 
croc  §'  io-(i>?  evA.a/3eia  TO  rfjs  Trapot/u'as  o-/cw//,//,a 


7TpOO-K6OlTO  TOVTTiypa^tt  TO) 

The  explanation  of  the  curious  form  in 
which  the  proverb  is  quoted  by  Fisher, 
where  "  accessoria  sarcinula "  has  no 
correspondence  to  rovTrtypa/x/Aa,  may  be 
seen  by  consulting  Erasmus's  '  Adagia,' 
p.  24,  in  Grynaeus's  edition  of  1629,  under  the 
heading  '  Accessio  pusilla  aut  nimia.'  Eras- 
mus, after  quoting^the  Greek  words,  with  the 
substitution  of  Tov7ri'o~ay/xa  for  TOVTriypaa/xa, 
and  translating  them  "  At  tu  fortasse  vereris, 
ne  in  te  torqueatur  illud  proverbiale  dic- 
terium,  de  male  respondente  proportione  : 
nempe,  ne  tibi  thylaco  maior  sit  accessoria 
sarcinula,"  adds  that  he  is  aware  the  ordinary 


s 


nisi 


reading 

scripturam  mutaris,  nulla  sententia  potest 
elici."  Erasmus  meant  €7rtaay//,a  to  mean 
an  extra  packet  taken  by  a  carrier  besides 
his  proper  load.  But  the  change  is  uncalled 
for.  The  proverb  of  the  label  being  larger 
than  the  bag  is  unintentionally  illustrated 
by  a  picture  postcard  that  may  be  seen  in 
Wales,  on  which  an  adhesive  label  of  inter- 
minable length,  imprinted  with  a  notorious 
Welsh  place-name,  is  being  produced  to 
decorate  a  very  diminutive  valise. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 
Aberystwyth. 

WITCHCRAFT  IN  THE  TWENTIETH  CENTURY. 
—  The  following  advertisement  appeared  in 
The  Worcester  Daily  Times  of  18  June  :  — 
To  the  Inhabitants  of  Eckington  and  to  all  whom 

it  may  concern. 

Whereas  Mary  J.  Dance,  wife  of  John  Dance,  of 
your  Parish,  has  been  repeatedly  slandered  in 
common  talk  and  gossip  as  a  Witch,  with  other 
false  and  injurious  accusations  against  her  person 
and  character,  and  has  thereby  suffered  grievously 
in  mind  and  body,  and  in  the  esteem  and  fellowship 
of  her  neighbours,  this  is  to  give  notice  that  upon 
any  repetition  of  these  offences  legal  action  will  at 
once  be  taken  against  the  slanderer  ;  and,  further, 
that  any  person  giving  to  me,  at  the  address  below, 
such  information  of  any  such  offence  as  will  justify 
the  taking  of  legal  proceedings,  will  be  suitably 
rewarded. 

L.  RONALD  NEEDHAM, 
51,  Foregate-street,  Worcester. 
Solicitor  ior  the  said  Mary  J.  Dance. 

A.  F.  B. 

HANOVER  CHAPEL,  PECKHAM.  —  The  de- 
molition of  this  well-known  place  of  worship, 
which  for  many  years  has  stood  at  the  corner 
of  Rye  Lane,  will  remove  another  famous 
South  London  landmark.  The  congregation 
has  an  unbroken  history  of  over  two  cen- 
turies and  a  quarter,  and  originally  wor- 
shipped in  a  building  known  as  the  "  Meeting 
House,"  which  stood  on  a  site  close  to  High 
Street,  Peckham,  and  is  still  commemorated 
by  the  thoroughfare  known  as  Meeting- 
House  Lane.  This  chapel  was  started  in 
1657  by  the  Kev.  John  Maynard,  the 
ejected  vicar  of  Camber  well  Parish  Church. 
In  1751-4  the  pastor  was  Dr.  John  Milner, 
who  also  kept  a  school  near  by,  where  Oliver 
Goldsmith  was  an  usher.  This  old  building, 
afterwards  known  as  Goldsmith  House,  was 

?ulled  down  some  thirty  years  since.  From 
801  to  1854  Dr.  John  Collyer  was  the 
minister,  and  the  fame  of  his  preaching 
attracted  crowds  of  fashionable  people, 
including  the  Duke  of  Sussex,  the  uncle  of 
Queen  Victoria,  who  presented  the  organ 
still  in  use.  The  name  of  Hanover  was  given 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  16, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


47 


to  the  chapel  out  of  compliment  to  the  royal 
house  to  which  the  Duke  belonged. 

The  Collyer  Memorial  Schools,  which  were 
erected  in  memory  of  Dr.  Collyer,  have  long 
been  famous  as  a  political  centre  for  South 
London  Liberalism. 

FREDERICK:  T.  HIBGAME. 

"  BUDGET  "  AS  A  VERB.  —  Mr.  Lloyd 
George  is  reported  (Standard,  5  July)  to 
have  said  in  Parliament  the  previous  day : 
"  I  have  budgetted  for  exactly  the  same 
figure  this  year  as  last." 

This  free  formation  of  verbs  out  of  nouns 
is  to  be  deprecated.  It  smacks  of  the 
degraded  English  prevalent  in  the  average 
City  prospectus.  Poets,  of  course,  have 
taken  this  licence,  e.g.,  Shakespeare's  wind 
that  "  hath  ruffian'd  so  upon  the  sea  " ;  but 
poets  have  a  taste  and  instinct  for  language 
which  financial  experts  lack! 

The  House  of  Commons  has  now,  I  am 
told,  a  higher  standard  of  culture  than  it 
had  in  earlier  years.  While  I  do  not  doubt 
this,  I  see  no  signs  of  a  raising  of  the 
standard  of  English  which  prevails  among 
M.P.s.  Quotations  from  foreign  languages 
having  gone  out,  one  might  hope  for  a  more 
skilful  use  of  the  native  tongue. 

NEL  MEZZO. 


WE  must  request  corresp9ndents  desiring  in 
formation  on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"TENTH"  OR  "  TENT.  "—In  connexion 
with  the  various  forms  of  this  numeral, 
I  want  to  know  how  far  over  England  the 
form  tent  extends.  Dr.  Wright,  in  his 
'Eng.  Dial.  Grammar,'  says,  p.  269:  "In 
the  dialects,  especially  of  Scotland,  Ireland, 
JSorth  England,  Leicester,  Worcester,  Shrop- 
shire, the  ordinals  after  *  third *  take  the 
suffix  -t  instead  of  the  literary  Eng.  -ih' 
Will  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  elsewhere  kindly 
inform  me  by  post-card  whether  tent  is  the 
form  in  their  locality  ?  We  know  that  it  is 
in  Scotland,  but  its  limits  in  England  and 
Ireland  are  wanted.  Dialect  glossaries  un- 
fortunately do  not  give  the  information. 

Oxford  is  sufficient  address. 

J.  A.  H.  MURRAY. 

"  TILLEUL."— This,  the  French  name  of  the 
linden  or  lime  tree,  appears  to  be  used  in 
English  as  the  name  of  a  colour  or  shade. 
What  colour  does  it  mean  ?  Is  it  the  pale 


green  of  the  leaves  of  the  linden,  or  the 
yellowish  whity-brown  of  linden  bast  ? 
A  quotation  of  1884  has  "a  light  tilleul 
ground,  just  the  tint  of  lettuce/4 

And  what  is  the  tilleul  variety  of   tea  ? 
The  Daily  Chronicle  of  14  November,  1908, 
lad   ' '  Ordinary  tea  has  been  replaced  by 
he  bitter-tasted  tilleul  variety,  which  was 
first  on  show  at  an  hotel  in  Paris.'1 

J.  A.  H.  MURRAY. 
Oxford. 

ENGLISH  SEPULCHRAL  MONUMENTS,  1300- 
1350. — I  should  like  to  know  if  there  is  any 
modern  collection  of  reproductions  of  sepul- 
chral monuments  in  stone  or  brass  of  the 
period  1300-1350,  for  use  in  the  study  of 
:,he  weapons  of  that  time.  I  am  writing  an 
essay,  chiefly  philological,  on  the  subject. 
[  am  already  acquainted  with  Meyrick, 
*  A  Critical  Inquiry  into  Antient  Armour,' 
&c.,  London,  1844,  and  Hewitt,  '  Armour  and 
Weapons  in  Europe,'  London,  1855-60  ;  but 
I  should  be  glad  to  have  some  modern  com- 
plete work.  Has  Meyrick 's  work  found 
any  modern  continuator  ? 

FRIEDRICH    DETERS. 

Heidelberg. 

GARRICK'S  VERSION  OF  '  ROMEO  AND 
JULIET.'— On  p.  2297  of  the  1890  edition  of 
Lowndes's  '  Bibliographer's  Manual *  I  find 
notice  of  an  edition  of  Shakespeare's  '  Romeo 
and  Juliet/  with  alterations  and  an  addi- 
tional scene  by  David  Garrick,  printed  in 
London  in  12mo  in  1748.  Will  any  of  your 
readers  who  know  of  the  existence  of  a 
copy  of  this  edition  inform  me  of  its  loca- 
tion ?  W.  P.  CUTTER,  Forbes  Librarian. 

Northampton,  Mass. 

SWIFT  FAMILY  :  PENDLEBURY. — About 
1820-25  Charles  W.  C.  Fisher,  in  the  Irish 
Civil  Service,  married  a  Miss  Pent-land,  who 
had  taken  the  name  of  her  godfather,  an 
excise  officer  in  the  same  service,  in  place 
of  her  original  one  of  Pendlebury.  She  is 
known  to  have  been  descended  from  some 
portion  of  the  Swifts  of  Dublin,  the  Dean's 
family,  but  I  do  not  know  which,  or  what 
was  the  exact  line,  and  should  very  much 
like  to  obtain  the  information.  One  of  the 
issue  of  this  marriage  was  the  late  T.  P. 
Fisher  of  Ballymena,  in  the  service  of  Lord 
Waveney.  FORREST  MORGAN. 

Hartford,  Conn. 

ABBE  SE  . . . — A  book  in  my  possession  has 
a  page  of  MS.  in  French.  A  note  subjoined 
states  that  the  writing  is  that  of  the  Abbe 
Se...,  and  that  the  book  was  No.  2119  in 
his  sale  catalogue.  Unfortunately,  the  writ- 


48 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  n.  JULY  IG,  1910. 


ing  of  the  name  is  so  illegible  that  neither  I 
nor  my  friends  can  make  out  more  than  the 
first  two  letters.  Some  of  your  readers  may 
be  able  to  tell  of  a  French  book-collector  (of, 
I  should  judge,  the  eighteenth  century, 
who  was  an  Abbe,  and  whose  name  began 
with  Se R.  S. 

COL.  SKELTON  OF  ST.  HELENA. — Before 
Napoleon  went  to  live  at  Long  wood  during 
his  exile  at  St.  Helena  it  was  occupied  by 
the  Lieutenant-Governor,  Col.  Skelton.  Who 
was  Col.  Skelton,  and  what  was  his  record 
before  and  after  his  St.  Helena  days  ? 
CLEMENT  SHORTER. 

'  DRAWING-ROOM  DITTIES  l  IN  '  PUNCH.* — 
In  one  of  the  earlier  volumes  of  Punch  there 
were  some  clever  poems  called,  I  think, 
'  Drawing-Room  Ditties.1  They  professed  to 
translate  popular  'Coster  songs  into  elegant 
drawing-room  language,  e.g.  : — 

If  1  had  a  Neddy  wot  wouldn't  go, 
D 'ye  think  I'd  wallop  him  ?  No,  no,  no. 
I  'd  give  him  hay,  and  cry  "  Gee-wo, 
Gee  up,  Neddy." 

The  same  for  drawing-room  use  : — • 

Had  I  an  ass  averse  to  speed, 
Deem'st  thou  I  'd  strike  him  !    No,  indeed  ! 
I'd  give  him  hay  and  say,  " Proceed  ! 
Go  on,  Edward  ! " 

There  is  no  general  index  to  Punch,  and  I 
should  be  much  obliged  to  any  one  who 
would  give  me  the  exact  reference. 

HENRY  N.  ELLACOMBE. 

Bitton  Vicarage,  Bristol. 

SNUFF-BOX  INSCRIPTION. — I  have  in  my 
possession  my  grandfather's  snuff-box,  of 
horn  and  pewter.  The  following  inscription 
in  Roman  letters  surrounds  a  sun  with  eight 
rays  (or  an  eight-pointed  star)  on  the  lid  : 
WITHE  TEREP.  I  should  be  much  obliged  if 
any  one  could  explain  these  words.  I 
suggest  a  possible  Cornish  signification. 

(Major)  S.  WILLCOCK. 
8,  Alexandra  Terrace,  Dorchester 

UPPER  CHEYNE  Row,  CHELSEA. — Has  the 
barred  and  deserted  house  on  the  right- 
hand  side  of  Upper  Cheyne  Row,  Chelsea, 
going  from  Oakley  Street,  any  history  ? 

HENRY  BRIERLEY. 

Thornhill,  Wigan. 

[A  Chelsea  correspondent  favours  us  with  the 
following  note : — 

There  are  two  barred  and  deserted  houses  on  the 
north  side  of  Upper  Cheyne  Row,  one  of  which  is 
called  Cheyne  House,  and  dates  from  Queen  Anne. 
The  other  is  labelled  "  Renaissance  de  Chateau  de 
Savenay,"  and  is  the  whim  of  the  owner  of  both 
houses,  Dr.  Phene.  The  house  at  the  corner  is 
intended  to  represent  a  reconstruction  of  a  French 


Chateau,  such  as  belonged  to  Dr.  Phene"  ;s  French 
ancestors,  and  has  been  pulled  to  pieces  and  put 
together  again,  with  its  rococo  decorations,  a  good 
many  times  within  the  last  fifteen  years.  The 
older  house  is  a  storeroom  for  some  of  the  stones 
which  Dr.  Phene  has  collected.  No  history 
attaches  to  either  house,  though  a  good  deal  of 
local  legend  has  been  framed  to  account  for  Dr. 
Phone"' s  refusal  to  open  or  let  Cheyne  House.] 

DR.  JOHN  HOUGH,  Bishop  of  Worcester, 
who  was  born  12  April,  1651,  and  died 

8  May,    1743,   and  whose  monument  is  in 
Worcester  Cathedral,  was  the  son  of  John 
Hough,  citizen  of  London. 

I  shall  be  glad  if  any  of  your  readers  can 
give  me  particulars  of  Dr.  Hough's  family 
history  and  connexions.  Had  he  any 
children,  brothers,  sisters,  or  uncles,  and  if  so, 
where  did  they  reside  ? 

I  should  also  like  to  know  the  names  and 
birthplace  of  any  descendants  connected 
with  this  family,  and  to  have  a  brief  summary 
of  the  will  of  Dr.  John  Hough. 

Please  reply  direct.  E.  MAYO. 

14,  Burgess  Road,  Basingstoke. 

MARKET  DAY. — I  am  just  now  in  a  boat- 
train  speeding  towards  Harwich,  and  am 
endeavouring  to  assuage  a  hungry  mind  on 
Great  Eastern  Railway  timetables.  A  list 
of  markets  in  places  served  by  the  G.E.R. 
absorbs  my  attention.  Fifty-seven  towns 
are  mentioned,  and  of  these  thirteen  only 
have  Saturday  markets,  seven  of  them  having 
likewise  a  market  on  some  other  day  of  the 
week.  Cambridge  has  Monday  and  Satur- 
day ;  Lynn  and  Saffron  Walden,  Tuesday 
and  Saturday  ;  Norwich,  Peterborough,  and 
Yarmouth,  Wednesday  and  Saturday  ;  and 
Wisbech,  Thursday  and  Saturday.  To  me 
Saturday  seems  to  be  such  a  specially  appro- 
priate time  for  storing  manna  that  I  am 
surprised  to  find  the  farming  world  is  of  a 
different  opinion,  and  I  am  led  to  ask  what 
originally  regulated  the  appointment  of 
market  days.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

OZIAS  HUMPHRY'S  PAPERS. — In  the  MS, 
Department,  British  Museum,  are  a  few 
notebooks,  &c.,  formerly  the  property  of 
this  painter  (Addit.  MSS.  22947  to  22952), 
also  a  few  of  his  letters  (Addit.  MS.  21113). 

From  communications  made  by  T.  C. 
SMITH  at  5  S.  iv.  5,  and  by  W.  I.  R.  V.  at 

9  S.  iii.  401,  it- is  clear  that  other  letters  and 
papers  of  Ozias  Humphry's  were  in  existence 
not  so  very  long  ago  ;    indeed,  T.  C.  SMITH 
expressly   says  :     "  Looking   over   the   very 
interesting  correspondence  of  the  celebrated 
miniature    painter    Ozias    Humphry,"    &c. 
There  is  also  reason  to  think  that  the  artist 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  16,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


had  a  collection  of  old  deeds,  &c.,  relating 
to  property  in  Devonshire  which  formerly 
belonged  to  his  family. 

Can  any  one  tell  me  into  whose  hands 
all  these  documents  and  papers  have  fallen, 
or  in  any  way  assist  me  to  trace  them  ?  I 
am  anxious  to  obtain  access  to  them^for 
historical  purposes.  M.  F.  H. 

The  Grove,  Harapstead,  N.W. 

WIMBOBNE  A  DOUBLE  MONASTERY. — A 
note  in  Alban  Butler's  '  Lives  of  the  Saints  l 
(Dublin,  Coyne ;  London,  Booker,  1833), 
vol.  iv.  p.  515  (St.  Lioba,  28  Sept.),  speaks  of 
"  the  ancient  great  monastery  of  Winburn  " 
as  being  "  double."  Is  there  any  authority 
for  this  statement,  beyond  the  impression 
that  the  Anglo-Saxon  monasteries  were  as  a 
rule  "  double  ?J  ones  ? 

JAS.  M.  J.  FLETCHER. 
The  Vicarage,  Wimborne  Minuter. 

LIARDET. — Lionel  Liardet  was  admitted 
to  Westminster  School  26  Jan.,  1778,  and 
John  William  Tell  Liardet  14  Jan.,  1788.  I 
should  be  glad  to  obtain  any  information  con- 
cerning them.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

GEORGE  MAN  was  elected  from  West- 
minster to  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  in 
1681.  I  should  be  glad  of  further  informa- 
tion concerning  him.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

GILBERT  THACKER  was  elected  from 
Westminster  to  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
in  1677.  Any  information  about  him  would 
be  useful.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

SIR  W.  B.  RUSH,  BT.— In  the  '  D.N.B.' 
it  is  stated  that  Dr.  E.  Daniel  Clarke  married 
Angelica,  fifth  daughter  of  Sir  W.  B.  Rush, 
Bt.  I  shall  be  much  obliged  if  your 
readers  can  tell  me  if  this  is  correct,  as  I 
cannot  find  any  baronet  of  that  name  among 
extinct  or  living  baronets.  M.  A. 

WOLNEY  HALL,  MICKFIELD. — In  '  Ex- 
cursions in  Suffolk,1  2  vols.,  published  in 
1818,  on  p.  219,  I  read:— 

"  Mickfield.  Two  manors  are  mentioned  here, 
viz.  Wolney  Hall  and  Flede  Hall.  The  first 
belonged  to  the  alien  priory  of  Grestien  in  Nor- 
mandy, and  is  supposed  to  have  been  sold  by 
that  convent  to  Tydemmanus  de  Lymberg 
about  the  year  1347." 

^  I  shall  be  glad  if  '  N.  &  Q.'  readers  can 
give  me  information  confirming  the  above 
statement,  or  tell  me  how  I  can  find  any 
facts  relating  to  the  aforesaid  Tydemmanus, 
who  and  what  he  was. 

BRICE  IYDEMAN. 
66,  Cecil  Road,  Upton  Manor,  E. 


WESTMINSTER  CATHEDRAL  :  CONSECRA- 
TION CEREMONY. — Can  any  reader  give 
information  as  to  the  origin  of  the  remark- 
able ceremony  at  the  consecration  of  this 
Cathedral  on  Tuesday,  the  28th  of  June  ? 
I  believe  that  its  history  has  long  been  a 
puzzle  to  ecclesiastical  archaeologists.  Arch- 
bishop Bourne  traced  the  letters  of  the  Greek 
and  Latin  alphabets  on  forty-seven  heaps 
of  ashes  on  the  floor  of  the  Cathedral.  The 
Illustrated  London  News  of  the  2nd  of  July, 
under  an  illustration  of  the  ceremony, 
states  : — 

"  The  most  popular  theory  is  that  it  originated  io 
the  procedure  of  the  Roman  land  surveyors,  who 
traced  two  transverse  lines  in  the  first  instance  on 
the  lands  they  wished  to  measure." 

The  Rev.  Herbert  Thurston,  writing  in 
The  Month,  suggests  that  Celtic  influences 
have  much  to  do  with  the  ceremony,  and 
quotes  as  one  of  several  points  in  favour  of 
lis  view,  Nennius's  statement  concerning 
St.  Patrick  :— 

*  He  wrote  three  hundred  and  sixty-five  alpha- 
Dets  or  more,  and  he  also  founded  churches  in  the 
same  number,  three  hundred  and  sixty-five.  He 
ordained  three  hundred  and  sixty-five  bishops  also, 
or  more,  in  whom  was  the  Spirit  of  God." 

A.  N.  Q. 

CHIDEOCK. — What  is  the  origin  of  the 
above  as  a  Christian  name  ?  Elizabethan 
imes  supply  two  fairly  well-known  Hamp- 
shire examples  in  the  persons  of  Lord 
Uhideock  Paulet,  and  Mr.  Chideock  Tich- 
Dorne,  the  conspirator.  HARMATOPEGOS. 

PIGEON-HOUSES  IN  THE  MIDDLE  AGES. — 
[s  anything  known  as  to  the  right  to  keep 
pigeons  in  columbaria  in  the  Middle  Ages  ? 
[s  it  a  fact  that  it  was  a  privilege  enjoyed 
only  by  lords  of  manors  ?     At  Broughton 
n    Hampshire   is   a   well-preserved    colum- 
Darium  standing  near  the  Rectory,  and  still 
nhabited      by     semi-wild     pigeons.       This 
columbarium   is   mentioned  in    1341,   when 
Broughton  Church  was  taxed  for  the  French 
wars  of  Edward  III.     There  was  at  that  time 
'  a  rectory  house,  with  forty  acres  of  land, 
wo  acres  of  pasture,  and  a  columbarium." 
The  structure  stands  in  a  field  (adjoining  the 
churchyard)    which    anciently    belonged    to 
he  glebe,  but  in  the  course  of  time  it  passed 
o  the  lords  of  the  manor,  and  was  lost  to 
he  church.     In  recent  years,   the  church- 
/ard  requiring  an  extension,  Mr.  Baring  of 
Gorman  Court  (the  then  lord)  made  over  the 
ield    containing    the    pigeon-house    to    the 
church.     At    that    time    the    question    was 
aised   of  removing   the   building,    but   the 


50 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       pi  s.  n.  JDLV  ie, 1910. 


then  Bishop  of  Winchester  desired  that  so 
ancient  and  unusual  a  rectorial  possession 
should  be  preserved.  Is  anything  known 
as  to  grants  of  columbaria  to  country 
rectories  ?  F.  H.  S. 


GEORGE  I.  STATUES. 

(11  S.  ii.  7.) 

THERE  have  been  four  statues  of  George  I. 
in  London,  viz.  :  — 

1.  In  Leicester  Square. 

2.  In  the  Royal  Exchange,  burnt  in  1838. 

3.  On  the  so-called  steeple  of  St.  George's 
Church,  Hart  Street,  Bloomsbury. 

4.  In  Grosvenor  Square. 

Of  the  four,  only  one,  that  on  St.  George's 
steeple,  remains.  • 

The  equestrian  statue  of  George  I.  which 
stood  in  the  centre  of  Leicester  Square  came 
from  Canons,  the  seat  of  the  Duke  of 
Chandos.  It  is  said  to  have  been  cast 
by  Van  Nost,  was  erected  in  Leicester 
Square  by  Frederick,  Prince  of  Wales  — 
Walpole  says  to  vex  his  father,  George  II. 
—  and  uncovered  with  some  ceremony  19 
November,  1748.  When  the  building  for 
"Wyld's  Great  Globe"  was  erected  in 
1851,  the  statue  was  taken  down  and  buried. 
On  the  removal  of  that  structure  in  October, 
1862,  the  statue  was  again  set  up,  but  minus 
a  leg  and  otherwise  disfigured.  It  was  sold 
22  May,  1872,  for  161.  This  is  part  of  the 
story  as  told  by  Mr.  Henry  B.  Wheatley 
in  'London  Past  and  Present,'  1891,  s.v. 
Leicester  Square. 

John  Hollingshead  in  '  The  Story  of 
Leicester  Square,'  1892,  p.  24,  says  :  _ 

"It  could  not  have  been  erected  in  1748,  as 
generally  stated,  as  a  print  of  the  Square  in  the 
.British  Museum,  dated  1751,  shows  a  Dutch-looking 
tree  in  the  middle.  Perhaps  the  print  is  wrongly 
dated. 

On  this  point  Peter  Cunningham  in  his 
'  Handbook  of  London,'  new  edition,  1850, 
p.  285,  says  :  — 

•  "J  h££e  a  *?roof  of  the  view  of  Leicester  Square, 
m  the  1754  ed.  of  Stow,  ivithout  the  statue  in  the 
centre.  The  print  in  the  book  contains  the  statue  ; 
therefore  in  all  likelihood  erected  about 


As  Mr.  Wheatley  's  book  is  based  on  Peter 
Cunningham's  'Handbook,'  he  possibly  had 
good  reason  for  stating  1748  as  the  date,  not- 
withstanding what  Cunningham  had  written. 
f  It  will  be  remembered  that  some  practical 
jokers  painted  the  statue,  white  with  red 
spots  (I  think).  This  was  in  1866  ;  see 


Hollingshead's  book,  p.  73.  Some  time 
afterwards  the  statue  of  the  king  was  thrown 
off  the  horse.  I  remember  it  lying  on  the 
ground,  and  the  horse  on  the  pedestal  with 
the  hollow  in  its  back  in  which  the  statue 
had  sat. 

In  Hollingshead's  little  book  are  the  follow- 
ing prints  : — 

P.  11.  'Baron  Albert  Grant,  M.P.'— A 
caricature  of  him  sitting  on  the  spotted 
horse. 

P.    53.   'The   Last  of   the   Old   Horse.'- 
"  Water-Colour  by  Mr.  John  O'Connor,  the 
Scenic  Artist,  when  he  had  a  studio  in  Sir 
Joshua  Reynolds'  house  in  Leicester  Square." 

P.  71.  '  The  Statue  in  1866.'— This  is  a 
caricature  of  the  statue  after  it  had  been 
painted  (as  above).  Written  on  a  scroll  in 
the  background  is  the  following  : — 

"The  Statue" 

in  Leicester  Square,  on 

Wednesday  morning 

October  17th 

A.D.  1866. 

On  the  pedestal  are  inscribed  the  initials 
"  A.D.G."  In  the  sinister  corner  of  the 
print  is  "  W.  Gee  RA.  delt." 

P.  72.  '  After  the  Fire  at  Savile  House.'— 
This  gives  a  back  view  of  the  statue,  with 
Stagg  &  Mantle's  shop,  &c.,  in  the  back- 
ground. 

According  to  '  Paterson's  Roads,'  18th  ed., 
1826,  p.  176,  the  Duke  of  Chandos's  mansion, 
Canons  Park,  was  pulled  down,  and  the 
materials  sold  by  auction,  after  his  death  in 
1 744.  Presumably  the  statue  was  sold  about 
that  time. 

There  were  statues  of  the  first  two  Georges 
by  Rysbrack,  as  well  as  one  by  Wilton  of 
George  III.  and  one  of  George  IV.,  in  the 
second  Royal  Exchange,  i.e.,  that  built  after 
the  Great  Fire  of  1666.  This  building  was 
also  destroyed  by  fire  10  January,  1838. 
Apparently  the  only  statue  which  escaped 
was  that  of  Sir  Thomas  Gresham.  It  had 
also  escaped  in  the  Great  Fire.  ( '  London 
Past  and  Present,'  iii.  183-4.) 

There  is  a  statue  of  George  I.  on  the  top 
of  the  steeple  of  St.  George's  Church,  Hart 
Street,  Bloomsbury.  It  was  erected  by 
William  Hucks,  the  rich  brewer  (d.  1740 
The  steeple  appears  in  the  background  of 
Hogarth's  'Gin  Lane'  (ibid.,  ii.  97).  The 
figure  is,  I  think,  in  Roman  military 
costume. 

Now  as  to  the  statue  in  Grosvenor  Square. 

"In  the  centre  [i.e.  of  Grosvenor  Square],  on  the 
now  vacant  pedestal,  was  '  a  doubly  gilt '  equestrian 
statue  of  George  I.  by  Van  Nort  [Nost],  erected  in 
1726  by  Sir  Richard  Grosvenor.  In  March,  1727,  the 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  16, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


51 


statue  was  maliciously  defaced  and  mutilated  by 
some  virulent  partizan  of  the  Pretender  —  as 
appeared  from  a  coarse  paper  attached  to  the 
pedestal."— Ibid.,  ii.  164. 

'  London,'  edited  by  Charles  Knight,  1844, 
vi.  202,  speaks  of  it  as  existing  at  that  time 
(1844)  "  within  the  enclosure. . .  .almost 
hidden  in  summer  by  the  surrounding 
foliage.'* 

Mr.  E.  Beresford  Chancellor  in  his  '  History 
of  the  Squares  of  London,'  1907,  p.  39,  says 
it  was  long  since  removed,  its  site  being 
occupied  by  a  summer-house.  He  repro- 
duces, facing  p.  23,  a  view  of  Grosvenor 
Square  with  the  statue  in  it  from  Strype's 
edition  of  Stow,  1755,  adding  that  it  is 
practically  identical  with  a  smaller  plan  by 
Bocque,  1741-5  (p.  39). 

Mr.  Chancellor  in  his  book,  p.  170,  gives 
Van  Nost  as  the  author  of  the  statues  in 
Leicester  and  Grosvenor  Squares,  and  re- 
marks that  the  date  of  the  unveiling  of  the 
Leicester  Square  statue,  19  November,  1748, 
was  the  anniversary  of  the  birth  of  Frederick, 
Prince  of  Wales,  and  of  Charles  I.  A  foot- 
note says  :  "  Curiously  enough,  the  horse 
had  been  modelled  from  Le  Sueur's  beauti- 
ful statue  of  Charles  at  Charing  Cross." 
ROBERT  PIEBPOINT. 

It  may  interest  LOUD  CUBZON,  and  others, 
to  know  that  the  gilded  lead  equestrian  statue 
of  George  I.,  which  stood  for  some  time  in 
Leicester  Square,  is  the  same  one  by  Van 
Nost  that  stood  at  the  Duke  of  Chandos's 
place,  Canons,  at  Edgware  till  it  was  pulled 
down.  It  is  frequently  stated  in  guide- 
books, notably  in  '  London  Past  and  Present,* 
by  Wheatley,  that  it  was  uncovered  with 
some  ceremony  on  19  November,  1748.  But 
as  to  this  ambiguity  exists,  and  there  was 
some  interesting  correspondence  on  the 
subject  in  the  Third  Series  of  '  N.  &  Q.*  in 
1862  (i.  227  and  ii.  150,  170,  400,  416,  436, 
and  495). 

The  statue  of  George  I.  on  the  top  of  St. 
George's  Church  in  Hart  Street,  Bloomsbury, 
was  characterized  by  Horace  Walpole  as  a 
masterpiece  of  absurdity:  Some  wag  wrote 
of  it : — 

When  Henry  VIII.  left  the  Pope  in  the  lurch, 
The  Protestants  made  him  the  head  of  the  Church  ; 
But  George's  good  subjects,  the  Bloomsbury  people, 
Instead  of  the  Church  made  him  head  of  the  steeple ; 
and  yet  another  at  the  time  of  its  erection : — 

No  longer  stand  staring, 

My  friend  at  Cross  Charing, 
Amidst  such  a  number  of  people, 

For  a  man  on  a  horse 

Is  a  matter  of  course, 
But  look,  here 's  a  king  on  a  steeple ! 


There  used  to  be  a  statue  of  George  I.  in 
Grosvenor  Square,  but  what  has  become  of  it 

1  have  failed  to  discover.     MB.  PAGE  asked 
if  any  one  knew  (10  S.  x.  123),  but  I  do  not 
think  his  inquiry  elicited  any  response. 

WlLLOUGHBY  MAYCOCK. 

[See  MR.  PIERPOINT'S  reply  on  this  page.] 

The  equestrian  statue  of  George  I.  which 
was  in  Leicester  Square  was  the  one  formerly 
at  Canons.  It  was  the  work  of  Buchard, 
and  was  executed  for  the  Duke  of  Chandos. 

In  1747,  when  Canons  was  dismantled, 
the  inhabitants  of  Leicester  Square  bought 
the  statue  and  placed  it  in  the  centre  of  the 
Square.  In  1812  it  was  regilt,  but  after  a 
time  it  was  allowed  to  perish,  and  ultimately 
was  pulled  to  pieces  by  the  populace. 

CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 
Swallowfield  Park,  Reading. 

The  statue  of  George  I.  which  embellishes 
the    steeple   of    St.    George's,    Bloomsbury 
is  the  work  of  Nicholas  Hawksmoor. 

W.  A.  H. 

The  statue  at  Hackwood  is  included  in  my 
fifth  list  of  *  Statues  and  Memorials  in  the 
British  Isles  z  (see  ante,  p.  43).  I  am,  how- 
ever, unable  to  furnish  further  information 
concerning  it.  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

In  the  issue  of  The  Weekly  Irish  Times  for 

2  July   is   a  paragraph   which  may  be  of 
interest  to  LOBD  CUBZON  : — 

"The  equestrian  statue  of  George  I.,  which  at 
present  stands  at  the  left  hand  of  the  Mansion 
House,  Dawson  Street,  was  originally  erected  in 
the  year  1720,  on  Essex  Bridge  (now  Grattan 
Bridge),  where  it  continued  until  the  rebuilding  of 
that  structure  in  1755.  It  was  then  removed  to 
Aungier  Street,  where  it  remained  until  1798,  when 
it  was  '  re-elevated '  in  its  present  somewhat  obscure 
position.  It  is  a  fine  specimen  of  the  old-fashioned 
equestrian  type,  but  few  people  know  whom  it  is 
intended  to  represent.  The  following  is  the  in- 
scription on  the  pedestal : — 

Be  it  remembered,  that 

at  the  time  when  Rebellion  and  Disloyalty 

Were  the  Characteristics  of  the  Day 

the  loyal  Corporation  of 

the  City  or  Dublin 
re- elevated  this  Statue  of  the 

First  Monarch  of  the 

Illustrious  House  of  Hanover. 

Thomas    Fleming,     Lord     Mayor. 

Jonas  Paisley  and  William  Henry  Archer, 

Sheriffs. 
Anno  Domini  1798." 

The  above  account,  which  occurs  in  a  series 
called  '  Dublin  Monuments  and  Statues,' 
is  illustrated  with  a  photograph,  but,  owing 


52 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  JULY  ie,  IQIO. 


to  the  printing,  it  is  only  a  pale  silhouette. 
As  no  mention  is  made  of  the  sculptor's  name, 
that  is  doubtless  forgotten. 

HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 
39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 
[J.  S.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


"  SENPERE  "  :  ?  BRIDGEKEEPER  (11  S. 
i.  510). — I  think  the  sense  is  not  exactly 
"  bridgekeeper,"  but  simply  *'  porter. n  If 
we  refer  to  Lumby's  edition  of  '  Floriz  and 
Blauncheflur,  which  gives  a  much  older  text, 
we  find  (1.  138)— 

Whane  thee  comest  to  the  yate, 
The  porter  thee  schalt  find  tharate. 
As    to    the    connexion    between    this    and 
"senpere,"    see    my    'Etym.    Diet.,2    s.v. 
'  Samphire.1     I  there  quote  from  Cotgrave 
to  show  that  sampire  (as  it  was  formerly 
spelt)  is  short  for  herbe  de  St.  Pierre,  or 
"  herb  of  St.  Peter  "  ;    that  is  to  say,  the 
M.E.  Senpere  or  Sanpere  means  "  St.  Peter." 
There  is  no  difficulty  in  explaining  St.  Peter 
to   mean   "porter."     See   the   first   line   of 
Byron's   '  Vision  of  Judgment l : — 
St.  Peter  sat  by  the  celestial  gate. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

PUBLIC  SCHOOL  REGISTERS  (11  S.  i.  203, 
269,  294,  431).— It  may  be  as  well  to  record 
the  fact  that  there  are  omissions  from  the 
excellent  and  valuable  '  Register  of  Merchant 
Taylors'-  School,1  edited  by  the  late  Rev.  C.  J. 
Robinson ;  indeed,  he  expressly  states  in 
his  preface  that  "  no  accurate  record  was 
kept  until  the  institution  of  the  School's 
Probation  in  1607,n  and  therefore  he  had  to 
compile  his  list  for  the  first  forty  years 
from  various  sources,  and  principally  from  the 
"  Minute  Books  of  the  Court  of  the  Merchant 
Taylors'  Company." 

The  following  information,  taken  from  the 
'  List  of  Admissions  to  Gonville  and  Caius 
College,  Cambridge,1  edited  by  Mrs.  S.  C. 
Venn,  and  printed  in  1887,  five  years  after 
the  issue  of  the  M.  T.  S.  Register,  supplies 
names  which  apparently  do  not  appear  in  the 
records  examined  by  Mr.  Robinson  : — 
Estofte,  John,  of  Eastoft,  Yorks,  s.  of  Thomas,  Esq. 

Admitted  (to  the  College)  9  Oct.,  1571,  set.  20 

M.T.S.  4  years,  St.  John?s  College  3  years. 
Muffet,  Thomas,  s.  of  Thomas,  citizen  of  London. 

Adm.  6  Oct.,  1572,  set.  19.   M.T.S.  5  years,  Trinity 

College  4  years. 
Garwaye,  William,  s.  of  Walter,  merchant.  Adm. 

4  Aug.,  1574,  get.  20.    M.T.  and  Tunbridge  Schools 

4  years,  Trinity  College  2  years,  i 
Tippinge,   Edward,  of    Hoxton,    Middlesex,  s.  of 

Kodolph,  Yeomau.    Adm.  2  April,  1577,  set.  16. 

M.  T.  S.  4  years. 


A  bell,    Samuel,    of    Earith,    Cambs.,   s.  of  John, 

yeoman.    Adm.  27  June,  1577,  set.  18.    M.  T.  S. 
Hunnings,   Roger,  s.  of  Peter,  citizen  of  London. 

Adm.  27  April,  1579,  set.  17.    M.  T.  S.  3  years. 
Kempe,  Arthur,  s.  of  John,  citizen  and  merchant  of 

London.    Adm.  14  May,  1579,  set.  19.    M.  T.  S. 

3  years. 
Claydon,  William  &  John,  of  Bures,  Suffolk,  sons 

of  Barnabas.     Adm.  8  April,  1583,  set.  17  &  15. 

M.  T.  S. 
Hosier,  Geoffrey,  s.  of  John  of  London,  deceased. 

Adm.  29  Sept.,  1584,  set.  17.    M.  T.  S. 
Iken,    James,    par.    St.    Mildred    London,    s.    of 

Thomas,  citizen  of  London.    Adm.  6  Aug.,  1604, 

»t.  16.    M.  T.  S. 

Probably  the  early  matriculation  books 
of  Pembroke  College  would  give  the  names 
of  other  scholars  from  my  old  school  un- 
recorded by  Mr.  Robinson. 

H.  HOUSTON  BALL. 

PROVINCIAL  BOOKSELLERS  (11  S.  i.  303, 
363). — The  useful  lists  of  provincial  book- 
sellers contributed  to  10  S.  v.  and  at  the 
above  references  by  W.  C.  B.  are  very  incom- 
plete as  regards  Newcastle-upon-Tyne  ana 
Gateshead.  Many  additional  booksellers 
and  printers  in  these  towns  will  be  found 
in  Archceologia  JEliana,  Third  Series,  vol.  iii. 
pp.  128,  129, 134.  RICHARD  WELFORD. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 

Under  Greenwich  W.  C.  B.  gives  Thomas 
Cole,  1770.  For  bibliographical  purpose 
I  should  be  pleased  if  W.  C.  B.  would  oblige 
with  a  reference,  as  the  date  is  earlier  than 
any  in  my  list  of  that  place.  A.  RHODES. 

An    '  Account   of   the    Parish   Church    of 
Fairford    in    the     County    of    Gloucester,' 
published     1791,     was     printed     by     John 
Nichols,  London,  for  Richard  Bigland,  Esq., 
and  sold  in  the  following  towns  by  the  book- 
sellers named  : — 
Bath.— Bull  and  Marshall. 
Cheltenham.— S.  Harward. 
Cirencester. — T.  Steevens. 
Bristol.— J.  Lloyd. 
Gloucester. — J.  Washbourn. 
Stroud.— Jenner. 
Tewkesbury.— Wilton. 

The  subjoined  names,  I  think,  are  addi- 
tional : — 

Canterbury.— J.  Abree,  1740. 
Gosport.— J.  Legg  (date  ?). 
Gravesend.-R.  Pocock,  1798. 
Margate.— Silver  and  Crow,  1776. 
Sandgate  and  Folkestone.— Thomas  Purday,  1799. 
Sandwich. — Mrs.  Silver,  1741. 
Sevenoaks.— B.  Holland,  1753. 
Tunbridge  Wells.— Smith,  J.  Sprange,  1797. 

R.  J,  FYNMORE. 
Sandgate. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  16,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


"  BARN  "   OB  "  BABM  r   IN  PLACE-NAMES  Street  (St.  Edward's  parish),  where  he  lived 

(11  S.  i.  468). — The  places  your  correspon-  till  his  death,  which  apparently  took  place 

dent    mentions     are     almost     certainly    of  in  1814. 

Scandinavian  origin,  hence  I  should  suggest  This  Thomas  Paris  was  perhaps  the  father 

(particularly  from  regard  to  their  situation)  of  John  Ayrton  Paris,  M.D.      (It  may  be 

that  they  have  been  named  from  Danish  noted   that   in   Cooper's    '  Annals,'-   v.    242, 

6arm=bosom    or    hollow      (Skeat's     '  A.-S.  the  physician  is  said  to  have  been  the  son 

Diet.'),  and  that  barn  is  in  the  cases  men-  of  John  Paris,  organist  of  Peterhouse.) 

tioned  merely  a  variant  of  barm.     In  other  An  earlier  Thomas  Paris  (who  may  have 

instances  barn= storehouse  (A.-S.  bere,  bar-  been  the  father  of  the  bookseller)  lived  at  the 


ley  ;    _|_  ern>  a  house,  receptacle). 


south-west    end    of    University    Street,    or 


A  possible,  but  not  very  probable,  deriva-  Regent  Walk,  the  celebrated  street  which 
tion  might  be  from  a  Saxon  personal  name  ran  from  the  west  door  of  Great  St.  Mary's 
Barm ;  cf.  Barming,  in  Kent,  &c.  Church  to  the  University  Schools.  The 

R.  A.  H.  UNTHANK.        building  in   which  he   dwelt   had  formerly 
been  a  well-known  coffee-house,  and  has  a 

I  feel  confident  that  m  many  instances  higt  as  the  property  of  Prof.  Christopher 
this  Barn"  or  'Barm-  Represents  the  |  Greenf  Thig  £hoPma£  who  was  church- 

.  J. 


Barn  "    or    "  Barm 

s-^.     -»-..  1  i-%    *  «  f~"  tt  I      VJI  i  C7C71.I.*  -L  J.J.J.0  J.  J.J.V/XiACfO»  VV  JLJ.\_f  VT  C*O  ^/AJ.  <^i.A 

Q.N.    personal   name    B;om= bear,    or    the    warden  of  Great  St.  M ary>s  in  1729  (see  G 
A.-S.  personal  name  £eorn= warrior,  noble-    Q       ,fl  CAS  0/the  buildings  near 

man.     The  latter  name  seems  to  have  been    fchft/  church))  <££  in  1744.     His  name  and 
fairly  common,  and  many  instances  of  it  are    that  of  hig  widow  occur  frequentiy  in  con- 
noted    in     Searle  s       Onomasticon     Anglo-          {         ith  t    in  that  neighbourhood. 
Saxomcum.'     We  see  the  patronymic  m  the  H    p6  gTOK:ES 
various    Barnmghams    that    are    found    in       St.  Paul's  Vicarage,  Cambridge. ' 
Norfolk  and  Yorkshire.     Barnsley  appears 

in  Domesday  Book  as  Berneslai,  which  '  WATERLOO  BANQUET  ?  :  '  THE  NOBLE 
probably  means  "  Beorn's  Lea."  This  change  ARMY  OF  MARTYRS  ?  :  KEYS  WANTED  (11  S 
from  eo  to  a  through  M.E.  e  is  not  uncom-  i.  408,  515). — W.  S.  S.  in  his  reply  says  he 
mon  ;  cf.  "  farm  ?l  from  A.-S.  feorm,  "  barm  "  would  be  glad  to  know  where  a  key  to  the 
from  A.-S.  beorma,  "  far  "  from  A.-S.  feor.  '  Waterloo  Banquet l  may  be  got.  Some 
In  some  cases,  perhaps,  "Barn"  represents  ten  years  ago  I  purchased  one  at  Messrs. 
A.-S.  bern,  i.e.,  bere- ern= barley  house,  barn.  Graves's  in  Pall  Mall,  and,  so  far  as  I  know, 
Compare  what  Prof.  Skeat  says  about  the  key  may  be  got  there  now. 

EtymologicaU)ictionary.s  *  The  Waterloo  Banquet l  was  painted  by 

Mr.  Salter,  and  is  now  in  the  possession  of 


C.  E.  LOMAX. 


B.   R.  HAYDON  AND   SHELLEY   (11    S.   *.    mi_ 
461).— The    "Dear    Mayor »    of    Haydon's  '  lnames- 
interesting    letter    is,    I    suggest,    William 
Mayor,  not  "  M.  Mayor."     He  was  a  friend 


Mr.  Mackenzie  of  Fawley  Court,  Henley-on- 

O.  E.  G. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  LONDON  (11  S.  i.  407, 


Be^Cand'simSr  enthSslast™    495).-This  suggestion  is  not  exactiy  novel, 
bat  not  gifted  artists  in £  ~% ^^.thh-  SSZMS.  %S££gt,  t£ 

K  ABRAHAMS.        ^       ^     Harland-Oxley  and  others ;    and 

PARIS  FAMILY  (11  S.  i.  508). — The  follow-  William  Upcott  made  large  MS.  collections 
ing  notes  on  the  Paris  family  of  Cambridge  towards  a  volume  on  London  to  supplement 
may  interest  E.  H.  his  important  work  on  the  '  Bibliography  of 

A  Thomas  Paris  was  in  1 781  the  residuary    English  Topography.* 

•legatee  in  the  will  of  his  father  John  Paris,  I  am  not  familiar  with  the  bibliography 
a  bookseller,  in  St.  Benedict's  Parish,  Cam-  which  W.  S.  S.  says  is  "  issued  by  the 
bridge  :  40Z.  a  year  was  left  to  his  mother  British  Museum  authorities  "  ;  perhaps 
Ann,  and  certain  property  to  his  sister  he  can  afford  us  further  particulars.  The 
Bridget,  a  minor.  section  '  London  J  in  the  General  Catalogue 

This  Thomas  Paris  was  the  owner  of  four  cannot  be  meant,  as  he  adds  :  "As  this 
messuages  in  (what  is  now)  Silver  Street,  work,  however,  does  not  appear  to  be 
on  the  site  of  the  Pitt  Press.  These  houses  generally  accessible,  I  am  unable  to  speak 
he  had  inherited  in  1768  from  an  aunt  of  the  of  its  nature  and  contents."  It  is  hardly 
same  name  as  his  sister,  who  had  acquired  necessary  to  indicate  such  well-known  works 
them  in  1757.  Thomas  parted  with  them  of  reference,  but  W.  S.  S.  might  supplement 
in  1 795,  when  he  moved  into  Trumpington  |  his  list  with  the  Catalogue  of  the  Guildhall 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  11.  JULY  ie,  1910. 


Library,  the  Catalogue  of  Gough's  Collec- 
tions at  the  Bodleian,  the  Catalogue  of  the 
Library  of  the  London  Institution,  ii.  347 
et  seq.,  and  such  sale  catalogues  as  Jolley 
(1853),  Tyrrell  (1864),  W.  L.  Newman  (1835), 
Thomas  Whitby  (1838),  and  James  Comer- 
ford  (1881).  Russell  Smith's  'Catalogue 
of  10,000  Tracts,1  &c.,  1878,  is  very  useful. 
ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

VENICE  AND  ITS  PATRON  SAINT  (11  S.  i. 
468). — The  following  five  words  constitute 
the  motto  of  Venice  :  "  Pax  tibi,  Marce, 
Evangelista  meus  !  " 

ST.  CLAIR  BADDELEY. 

BOOKS  AND  ENGRAVINGS  :  THEIR  PRE- 
SERVATION (11  S.  i.  249,  476). — I  have  not 
seen  the  references  mentioned  by  W  S.  S. 
in  his  reply  but  I  fancy  they  would  relate 
rather  to  work's  bound  in  volume  form. 
For  portfolio  (loose)  prints,  provided  they 
are  not  too  far  gone,  I  do  not  think  one 
could  do  better  than  copy  the  professional 
colourer,  and  size  the  backs  with  a  broad 
flat  brush  (or,  if  preferred,  pour  on  or  spray 
the  liquid). 
,  As  alternative  protecting  I  might  suggest : 

1.  5  parts  of  bleached  shellac  dissolved  in 
100  parts  of  absolute  alcohol. 

2.  7-5  parts   of  gum  sandarac   dissolved 
in  100  parts  of  alcohol. 

3.  40  parts  of  white  shellac,  20  parts  of 
gum  sandarac,  940  parts  spirits  of  wine. 

Any  of  these  should  be  passed  over  the 
back.  HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

EDW.  HATTON  (US.  ii.  9). — No  doubt  the 
person  about  whom  XYLOGRAPHER  inquires 
is  the  Dominican  who,  under  the  pseudonym 
of  "  Constantius  Archseophilus,'*  wrote  the 
1  Memoirs  of  the  Reformation  of  England.' 
He  lived  from  1701  to  1783  ;  see  '  D.N.B.1 

WlLLOUGHBY  MAYCOCK. 

INDEX  TO  THE  CHRISTIAN  FATHERS  (11  S.  i. 
248,  334,  453).— In  the  '  Catalogue  of  Books 
in  the  Free  Reference  Library,  Birming 
ham,'  which  was  printed  1883-90,  under 
'  Patrologia  Grseca  *  and  '  Patrologia 
Latina,'  pp.  920-36,  will  be  found  an  index 
of  the  names  of  the  Fathers. 

When  is  this  library,  one  of  the  best  in  the 
provinces,  going  to  print  another  edition 
of  its  Catalogue  ?  If  printed  in  sections, 
as  was  the  one  of  1883-90,  at  popular  prices, 
a  portion,  at  all  events,  of  the  cost  would 
be  covered.  E.  A.  FRY. 

227,  Strand,  W.C. 


PEDLAR'S  ACRE,  LAMBETH  :  THE  PEDLAR 
AND  HIS  PACK  (11  S.  i.  487). — In  connexion 
with  the  stained -glass  window  in  Lambeth 
hurch  representing  the  pedlar  and  his  pack, 
associated  with  the  piece  of  land  known  as 
Pedlar's  Acre,  it  may  be  noted  that  there 
was  a  sign  of  "  The  Pedlar  and  his  Pack  " 
on  London  Bridge  in  the  seventeenth 
century.  George  Herbert,  in  a  letter  written 
on  6  October,  1619,  and  printed  at  the  end 
of  Isaak  Walton's  '  Lives  l  (4th  ed.,  London, 
1675,  8vo,  p.  340),  says  :— 

"I  pray,  sir,  therefore,  cause  this  enclosed  to  be 
carried  to  his  brother's  house  [Sir  Francis  Nether- 
sole],  of  his  own  name,  as  I  think,  at  the  sign  of 
the  Pedlar  and  his  Pack  on  London  Bridge,  for 
there  he  assigns  me."  — 'Chronicles  of  London 
Bridge,'  1839,  p.  274. 

I  have  no  note  of  where  I  obtained  the 
following  rimed  description  of  the  pedlar 
and  his  wares  and  ways,  but  it  seems  to  be 
curious  and  accurate  enough  to  reproduce  in 
'  N.  &  Q.*  :— 

Needles  and  pins  !  Needles  and  pins ! 
Lads  and  lassies,  the  fair  begins ! 

Ribbons  and  laces 

For  sweet  smiling  faces ; 

Glasses  for  quizzers ; 

Bodkins  and  scissors ; 

Baubles,  my  dears, 

For  your  fingers  and  ears  ; 

Sneeshin  for  sneezers, 

Toothpicks  and  tweezers ; 

Garlands  so  gay 

For  Valentine's  day ; 

Fans  for  the  pretty ; 

Jests  for  the  witty ; 

Songs  for  the  many, 

Three  yards  a  penny ! 

I  'm  a  jolly  gay  pedlar,  and  bear  on  my  back, 
Like  my  betters,  my  fortune  through  brake  and 

through  briar ; 

I  shuffle,  I  cut,  I  deal  out  my  pack  ; 
And  when  /  play  the  knave,  'tis  for  you  to  play 
higher ! 

In  default  of  a  scrip, 
In  my  pocket  I  slip 
A  good  fat  hen,  lest  it  die  of  the  pijD ! 
When  my  cream  I  've  sipp'd 
And  my  liquor  I  've  lipp  d, 
I  often  have  been,  like  my  syllabub— whipp  'd  ; 
But  a  pedlar's  back  is  as  broad  as  it 's  long, 
So  is  my  conscience,  and  so  is  my  song ! 

There  is  a  very  interesting  account  of  the 

?edlar  and  his  roguish  ways  and  means  in 
usserand's  'English  Wayfaring  Life,3  1901, 
pp.  231  et  seq. 

An  announcement  with  regard  to  the 
issue  of  pedlars'  licences,  at  the  Hawkers' 
and  Pedlars'  Office,  Holbourn  Court,  Gray's 
Inn,  will  be  found  in  The  London  Evening 
Post  of  26  February  and  25  May,  1732. 

J.  HOLDEN  MACMlCHAEL, 

Wroxton  Grange,  Folkestone. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  16,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


55 


W.  Bray  in  his  '  Collections  relating  to 
Henry  Smith,'  &c.,  1800,  gives  in  a  foot- 
note at  p.  7  an  interesting  table  showing  the 
increase  of  the  rent  received  from  Pedlar's 
Acre  estate  between  1505  and  1705. 

ALECK    ABRAHAMS. 

The  Lambeth  estate  was  the  Pedlar's  Acre 
referred  to  in  George  Almar's  drama  of  that 
name,  produced  at  the  Surrey  Theatre  in 
1831,  and  published  in  Cumberland's  '  Minor 
Theatre.'  The  book  of  the  play  contains 
a  note  that  the  dress  of  the  Pedlar  was  copied 
from  the  painted  window  in  Lambeth  Church. 

WM.  DOUGLAS. 

125,  Helix  Road,  Brixton  Hill. 

"DICKY  BIRDS  "  =  OMNIBUS  CONDUCTORS 
(11  S.  i.  510).— Was  it  not  the  driver  of  the 
omnibus  who  was  known  as  &  dicky  bird  ? 
The  driver's  seat  in  a  carriage  is  the  "dicky," 
and  the  dicky  of  the  driver  of  one  of  the  old- 
fashioned  omnibuses  was  perched  so  high 
that  I  always  imagined  that  that  fact 
appealed  to  the  Cockney  humorist  of  a  past 
generation.  It  may  be  that  the  said 
humorist  saw  some  occult  resemblance  be- 
tween the  conductor  perched  upon  his  foot- 
board and  a  canary  upon  its  perch,  but  I 
believe  that  the  connexion  between  the 
driver  and  his  dicky  gave  rise  to  the  ex- 
pression. F.  A.  RUSSELL. 

4,  Nelgarde  Road,  Catford. 

A  "dicky"  was  not  only  the  seat  used 
by  the  driver  of  a  horsed  vehicle,  but 
also  one  at  the  back  of  a  carriage  for  ser- 
vants, &c.,  or  of  a  mail-coach  for  the  guard 
('H.E.D.').  Presumably  "dicky  bird," 
therefore,  bore  no  allusion  to  the  vocal 
powers  of  the  conductor  as  he  "  sang  out  " 
the  destination  of  the  omnibus,  although 
vocalists  of  every  grade  who  performed 
publicly  were  thus  known  in  theatrical 
language.  Is  this  so  ? 

J.    HOLDEN  MACMlCHAEL. 

^  In  Barrere  and  Leland's  *  Dictionary ' 
4 'dicky  bird  n  is  mentioned  as  a  theatrical 
expression  meant  to  include  "vocalists  of 
every  description  from  Madame  Patti  down 
to  a  singer  in  the  chorus.'*  Among  the 
meanings  assigned  to  "dicky  "  in  dictionaries 
is  one  in  which  it  signifies  "  the  tail-board  of 
an  omnibus  on  which  the  conductor  stood." 
The  conductor  hanging  on  to  his  perch  or 
•dicky,  and  with  raucous  voice  bawling  out  the 
destination  of  his  'bus,  no  doubt  suggested  to 
London  humorists  that  he  was  rivalling  by 
his  efforts  the  finest  orchestral  music. 


Hence  probably  the  application  of  the  phrase 
to  the  omnibus  conductor.  I  do  not  how- 
ever recollect  it  in  quite  this  sense. 

W.  S.  S. 

Possibly  the  expression  is  connected  with 
* '  Dickey  -  box,  the  seat  at  the  back  of 
a  stage-coach,  outside.'*  See  *  Slang.  A 
Dictionary  of  the  Turf,  the  Ring,'  &c.,  by 
"Jon  Bee,  Esq."  1823. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

HORACE,  '  CARMINA,'  BOOK  I.  5  (11  S.  i. 
488). — An  answer  to  this  query  will  be  found 
in  *  N.  &  Q.'  for  1880  (6  S.  ii.  399)  in  a  review 
of  "Horace's  Odes  Englished  and  Imitated 
by  Various  Hands.  Selected  by  C.  W.  F. 
Cooper."  The  author  of  the  translation  of 
Ode  V.  was  Thomas  Hood  the  younger,  son 
of  Thomas  Hood  the  elder.  Under  the  title 
'  To  Golden-Hair  *  the  version  appeared  for 
the  first  time  in  the  second  number  of  The 
Cornhill  Magazine,  February,  1860. 

W.  SCOTT. 

LATIN  QUOTATION  (11  S.  i.  426). — 
I  pete  coelestes,  ubi  nulla  est  cura,  recessus. 

This  line  belongs  to  the  epitaph  of  Lord 
Brougham's  only  daughter,  who  died  in 
1839.  The  epitaph  was  composed  by  Lord 
Wellesley,  then  eighty  years  old.  The 
verses  will  be  found  in  Linwood's  '  Antho- 
logia  Oxoniensis,'  p.  201  ;  and  NEL  MEZZO 
can  see  the  tablet  itself  if  he  will  mount  a 
few  steps  of  the  left-hand  staircase  leading 
to  Lincoln's  Inn  Chapel.  H.  E.  P.  P. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
i.  408,  455,  514).— The  quotation,  "An 
ounce  of  enterprise  is  worth  a  pound  of 
privilege,1  is  taken  from  *  The  Companion- 
ship of  Books/  which  was  published  for  me 
by  G.  P.  Putnam's  Sons,  New  York  and 
London,  1905.  The  line  may  be  found  on 
p.  318.  The  book  was  reprinted  in  1906. 
So  far  as  I  know,  I  am  the  author  of  the  line. 
I  knew  there  were  sayings  in  other  languages 
that  resembled  my  line  in  form,  but  I  am 
sure  your  correspondents  will  find  no  line 
elsewhere  that  has  the  same  meaning. 

FREDERIC  ROWLAND  MARVIN. 

Troy,  N.Y. 

[As  MB.  MARVIN  is  the  author  of  the  phrase  we 
print  his  letter,  although  another  New  \  ork  corre- 
spondent supplied  the  reference  to  MB.  MABVIN'S 
hook  at  p.  514  of  our  last  volume.  MB.  J. 
McDoNOUGH  also  supplies  the  reference.] 

*  THE  DUENNA  AND  LITTLE  ISAAC  ?  (11  S. 
ii.  8). — The  original  representative  of  Little 
Isaac  (Isaac  Mendoza)  was  Quick.  Mrs. 


56 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  JULY  ie,  wio. 


Billington  never  played  the  Duenna.  If  she 
ever  acted  in  the  piece,  it  must  have  been  in 
the  part  of  Clara,  the  first  singing  character. 
Probably  the  print  has  some  satirical  allusion 
to  persons  not  connected  with  the  theatre. 

'  The  Duenna l  was  one  of  Sheridan's 
most  successful  pieces.  WM.  DOUGLAS. 

125,  Helix  Road,  Brixton  Hill. 

COUNT  D'ORSAY'S  JOURNAL  (11  S.  i.  447). 
— In  a  sketch  of  Count  D'Orsay  contained 
in  the  '  Maclise  Portrait  Gallery,'  edited  by 
Mr.  William  Bates,  reference  is  made  to  the 
journal  which  excited  in  Byron  so  great  an 
admiration.  The  editor  shrewdly  discounts 
its  probable  literary  value,  and  states  that 
the  proprietor  of  Fraser  made  overtures  to  the 
author  to  communicate  the  journal  and  its 
continuation  to  the  pages  of  the  magazine, 
but  that  he  declined  to  accede  to  the  request. 
In  view  of  this  fact  the  likelihood  is  that  the 
manuscript  of  the  journal  was  destroyed  in 
Count  D'Orsay's  lifetime.  W.  S.  S. 

ST.  PANCBAS  CHUBCH  :  ENGRAVING  ( 1 1  S. 
i.  408,  517).— If  A.  C.  H.  will  give  some 
particulars  of  size  and  style,  the  identifica- 
tion of  his  engraving  will  be  facilitated.  It 
is  probably  an  oblong  folio  (8|  in.  by  13  in.) 
line  engraving,  with  the  old  church  in  middle 
distance  to  left,  tiled  sheds  and  buildings  in 
centre,  and  a  view  of  London  on  the  right. 
A  driver  is  seated  on  a  stone  with  his  dog 
in  foreground.  Robert  Wilkinson  evi- 
dently got  possession  of  the  plate  and  had 
the  clouds  re-etched.  It  was  then  issued  as 
"A  North  View  of  Pancrass  [sic]  London, 
Re-published  4th  June,  1805,  by  Robt. 
Wilkinson,  No.  53,  Cornhill."  It  was 
possibly  the  original  drawing  which  occurred 
in  his  sale,  22  March,  1826,  as  lot  508, 
"  St.  Pancras  Church  in  its  ancient  state, 
and  others  "  (Evans,  13s.).  If  so,  it  may  be 
in  the  Coates-Gardner  Collection. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

PBINCE  RUPERT  (11  S.  ii.  10).— In  'A 
Royal  Cavalier  :  the  Romance  of  Prince 
Rupert  Palatine'  by  Mrs.  Steuart  Erskine, 
there  is  an  illustration,  facing  p.  139,  called 
'  Contemporary  Caricature  of  Prince  Rupert,' 
representing  him  firing  a  pistol  at  the 
weathercock  of  a  church. 

F.  E.  R.  POLLABD-UBQUHABT. 

Craigston  Castle,  Turriff,  KB. 

The  legend  MB.  FBEEMAN  seeks  authority 
for  is  perhaps  the  one  told  in  Dr.  Plot's 
'  History  of  Staffordshire.'  The  story  is 
related  there  of  Prince  Rupert  practising 


with  his  pistol  in  a  garden  at  Stafford,  and 
using  the  weathercock  on  St.  Mary's  tower 
as  a  target.  R.  B. 

Upton. 

FEOFFMENT  SEPARITITE  (11  S.  i.  510).— 
The  word  which  A.  F.  H.  supposes  to  be 
"  separitite  '*  is  no  doubt  "tripartite." 

An  explanation  of  conveyance  by  feoff- 
ment  would  take  up  too  much  space  in  your 
columns,  and  would  be  too  technical  for  the 
general  reader.  Any  good  textbook  on  the 
law  of  real  property  would  explain  this  old 
mode  of  conveyance,  though  possibly  a 
"  layman  n  might  have  difficulty  in  under- 
standing the  description  of  it. 

MISTLETOE. 

Would  not  this  be  a  conveyance  by 
common  law  of  property  for  the  separate 
use  of  a  married  woman  ?  See  Wharton's 
'  Law  Lexicon '  s.v.  '  Feoff ment l  and 
'  Separate  Estate  * 

J   HOLD  EN  MACMICHAEL. 

DOGE'S  HAT  (11  S.  ii.  8). — Molmenti  says  : 
"The  cap  of  crimson  velvet,  formed  like  an 
ancient  mitre,  and  generally  known  later  on  as  the 
'Corno  Ducale,'  came  to  assume  the  shape  of  a 
Phrygian  cap,  and  in  the  thirteenth  century  the 
Doge  Rinieri  Zeno  gave  it  a  golden  circlet,  while 
Lorenzo  Celsi  (1361-5)  added  a  golden  cross  on  the 
top.  In  1473  Niccolo  Marcello  made  the  'Corno' 
entirely  golden." 

At  the  opening  of  the  fifteenth  century 
the  ducal  corno  was  studded  with  precious 
gems.  In  his  private  habit  the  Doge'& 
cap  was  of  red.  I  know  of  no  other  name  for 
it  than  "  corno  "  or  cap.  C.  R.  DAWES. 

The  following  extract  from  p.  10  of  '  The 
Dogaressas  of  Venice,'  by  Edgcumbe  Staley 
(T.  Werner  Laurie),  gives  the  answer 
required  : — 

"  Paolo  Lucio  Anafesto  of  Aquileia  was  hailed  as 

the  first  of  Venice  Doges The  Patriarch  of  Grado- 

blessed  the  new  Head  of  the  State,  and  the  twelve 
electors  joined  in  crowning  him  with  the  '  Corno ' — 
the  horned  Phrygian  bonnet  of  renown  and  liberty." 

G.  S.  PARRY. 

In  Mueller  and  Mothes's  '  Archaeolo- 
gisches  Woerterbuch  '  this  hat  is  illustrated 
on  p.  535  of  vol.  i.,  fig.  122.  In  the  text  the 
hat  granted  to  the  Dukes  of  Austria  in  1156 
is  described  as  "  ducalis  pileus  circumdatus 
serto  pinnito,'8  which  fits  the  Venetian 
ducal  hat  very  well.  The  illustration,  how- 
ever, differs  slightly  from  the  one  in  Bellini's 
picture.  L.  L.  K. 

[The  REV.  L.  PHILLIPS  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


ii  s.  IL  JULY  16,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


57 


COMETS  AND  PRINCES  :  Juuus  CJESAB 
<11  S.  i.  448  ;  ii.  18).— If  W.  S.  S.  will  con- 
sult some  modern  work  on^  astronomy 
<I  only  name  my  own  'Remarkable 
Comets ?  because  the  price  is  not  exactly 
prohibitive,  being  but  sixpence),  he  will 
find  that  the  conjecture  (it  was  never  any- 
thing more)  that  the  comet  of  A.D.  1680  was 
identical  with  those  of  B.C.  44,  A.D.  530,  and 
A.D.  1106  ceased  to  have  any  probability 
when  it  was  found  that  the  period  of  the 
comet  of  A.D.  1680  amounted  to  at  least 
nearly  a  thousand  years,  and  probably  much 
more  (see  also  my  note  at  6  S.  viii.  5). 

There  is  no  means  of  ascertaining  even 
probable  periods  for  the  comets  of  B.C.  44 
and  A.D.  1106.  It  is  possible  that  the  comet 
seen  in  A.D.  531  was  a  return  of  Halley's 
comet  (of  which  we  have  heard  so  much 
at  the  return  this  year),  with  a  period  of 
about  76  years. 

'The  Gallery  of  Nature1  appeared  more 
than  sixty  years  ago.  It  was  a  useful  popular 
compendium  of  science,  but  the  author  was 
not  an  authority  on  astronomy,  and  the 
information  is  now  quite  out  of  date. 

W.  T.  LYNN. 

Blackheath. 

HAMPSHIRE  HOG  (11  S.  i.  489).— To  the 
circumstance  of  this  county  having  been 
proverbially  famous  for  its  breed  of  hogs  is 
owing  the  fact  that  a  native  bears  the 
county  nickname  of  "Hampshire  Hog.'? 
This  description,  however,  is  quite  innocent  of 
any  uncomplimentary  intention.  As  in 
the  case  of  "  Silly  [i.e.,  simple]  Suffolk,"-  it 
is  intended  to  convey  the  meaning  of  a 
simple,  honest  countryman.  The  Hamp- 
shire breed  of  hogs  was  formerly,  and 
possibly  still  is,  the  largest  of  its  kind,  and 
consequently  was  encouraged  by  farmers 
as  the  most  profitable.  The  hogs  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  forests  were  principally  fed 
on  acorns  and  beech-mast,  which  gave 
them  a  superiority  over  all  others  in  the 
kingdom,  and  their  weight  was  from  sixteen 
to  forty  score.  At  first  the  animals  were 
chiefly  killed  for  bacon  ;  but  later  great 
numbers  for  home  consumption  were  pickled 
in  large  tubs.  The  bones  and  the  lean  were 
taken  away,  and  the  fat,  remaining  in  the 
brine  for  nearly  a  year  before  use,  became 
more  firm  and  profitable. 

If  is  owing  to  the  phrase  having  become 
a  complimentary  nickname  that  it  occurs  as 
a  tavern  sign  rather  frequently  in  London. 
There  is  a  "  Hampshire  Hog "  at  410, 
Strand.  There  was  also  one  in  Charles 
Street,  Grosvenor  Square.  Other  survivals 


are  in  Berwick  Street,  Soho,  and  at  227, 
King  Street,  Hammersmith.  "  The  Hamp- 
shire Hog  Inn,"  opposite  the  church  of  St. 
Giles -in-the -Fields,  gave  its  name  to  Hamp- 
shire Hog  Yard.  A  sum  of  £3  a  year, 
issuing  from  the  ground  rent  of  this  inn,  was 
in  1677  given  to  the  poor  by  Mr.  William 
Wooden,  a  vestryman  of  that  time  (see 
'  Bloomsbury  and  St.  Giles,'  by  George 
Clinch,  1890,  p.  49  ;  and  Parton's  '  St. 
Giles,'  p.  243).  J.  HOLDEN  MACMICHAEL. 
Wroxton  Grange,  Folkestone. 

Is  not  "Hampshire  hog "  a  nickname 
for  a  Hampshire  man,  just  as  "  Moonraker  " 
is  the  sobriquet  of  a  Wiltshire  man,  the 
allusion  being  derived  from  the  wild  hogs 
of  the  New  Forest  ?  The  late  Thomas  W. 
Shore,  F.G.S.,  in  his  'History  of  Hamp- 
shire,' 1892,  p.  42,  writes  that 

"wild  boars  were  common,  and  from  them  was 
probably  derived  the  old  breed  of  hogs  which  was 
at  a  very  early  period  iden titled  with  this  county, 
and  from  which  its  jocular  name  of  'Hoglandia' 
was  derived.  The  forest  land  of  Hampshire,  which 
is  so  considerable  at  the  present  day,  was  of  much 
greater  extent  in  Romano-British,  and  even  in 
mediaeval  time,  and  these  forests  have  always 
afforded  pannage  for  a  large  number  of  hogg. 
Traces  of  the  ancient  breed  still  remain  in  the 
swine  of  the  New  Forest." 

Near  Farnham,  just  over  the  border  in  the 
adjoining  county  of  Surrey,  is  the  narrow 
chalk  ridge  known  as  the  Hog's  Back.  In 
Southampton  there  was  formerly  common 
land  known  as  Hoggeslonde,  Hogland,  or 
Hoglands  (see  Rev.  J.  Silvester  Davies, 
'History  of  Southampton,1  1883).  The 
Hampshire  hog  will  probably  be  found  in 
many  place-names.  In  the  metropolitan 
borough  of  Hammersmith,  where  I  am 
writing,  there  is  a  public-house  called  ' '  The 
Hampshire  Hog,"J  and  leading  from  it  down 
to  the  riverside  is  a  narrow  lane  called 
Hampshire  Hog  Lane. 

FBEDK.  A.  EDWABDS. 

MB.  BENTINCK  asks  whether  a  Hampshire 
hog  is  a  sheep  or  a  pig.  I  venture  to  think  it 
is  neither.  In  Hazlitt's  '  English  Proverbs  ' 
the  following  four  lines  are  quoted  taken 
from  '  Vade  Macum  for  Malt-worms  (1720), 
Part  I.  p.  50  :— 

Now  to  the  sign  of  Fish  let 's  jog, 
There  to  find  out  a  Hampshire  Hog, 
A  man  whom  none  can  lay  a  fault  on, 
The  pink  of  courtesie  at  Alton. 

It  would  thus  appear  that  a  Hampshire  hog 
was  simply  a  native  or  resident  in  the  county. 
At  the  same  time,  the  reference  does  not 
seem  to  be  altogether  complimentary. 

W.  S.  S. 


58 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  JULY  i6, 1010. 


'  E.  D.  D.'  gives  the  meaning  "  a  country 
simpleton."  It  used  to  have  this  significa- 
tion in  this  part  of  Sussex,  rather  hostile  in 
import.  I  well  remember  some  fifty  years 
ago  my  uncle's  carter -bailiff  saying  of  a 
new  hand  lately  come  over  the  border,  whose 
work  I  was  criticizing,  "  Wa-al,  what  can  yer 
'spect  ?  He  be  on'y  a  (H)ampshire  (h)og." 

E.  E. STBEET. 

Chichester. 

[MR.  TOM  JONES  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

HOCKTIDE     AT    HEXTON  :     ROPE     MONDAY 

(10  S.  xi.  488;  xii.  71,  139,  214,  253,  514; 
11  S.  i.  338). — In  support  of  what  I  wrote  at 
the  penultimate  reference  on  the  derivation 
of  "Hocktide"  from  A.-S.  hedh  tid  and  a 
hypothetical  Anglo-French  haut  tide,  Douce 
inBrand's  'Popular Antiquities, 'p.  101,  note, 
is  made  to  say  :  "I  find  that  Easter  is  called 
'  Hye-tide  '  in  Robert  of  Gloucester  "  ;  and, 
strange  to  say,  the  same  authority  on  p.  100, 
speaking  of  Florence  of  Worcester,  Langtoff, 
and  Robert  of  Gloucester,  has  :  "  These 
three  last  writers  do  not  mention  a  word 
about  hocktide." 

To  me  it  seems  more  than  likely  too  that 
"high  day"  in  the  '  N.E.D.*  is  a  doublet 
of  "heyday"  (A.-S.  hedh,  M.E.  heh,  hetfi, 
hey-},  though  the  editors  prefer  to  regard  the 
latter  word  as  "of  uncertain  origin." 

N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

COWES  FAMILY  (11  S.  i.  508).— On 
3  August,  1630,  the  will  was  proved  (P  C.C. 
Scroope,  72)  of  Simon  Cowse  of  the  parish 
of  St.  Bartholomew  the  Great,  London, 
citizen  and  goldsmith,  by  his  widow  Alice. 

The  following  were  married  at  St.  James's, 
Duke  Place,  London  : — 

Alexander  Cowse  and  Anne  Mekins,  1667. 

John  Driver  and  Elizabeth  Cowes,  1 680. 

Will.  Dennis  and  Martha  Cowes,  1682. 

In  1 681  a  Robt.  Cowes  is  mentioned  in  the 
marriage  registers  of  the  same  church. 

H.  Cowe  of  22,  Parade,  Berwick-on-Tweed, 
changed  his  name  to  Co  wen  ;  see  Times,  1 9 
September,  1894.  B.  U.  L.  L. 

The  following  rough  jottings,  chiefly  on 
Scottish  family  names,  gathered  in  the  course 
of  desultory  reading  or  from  inspection  of 
records,  may  perhaps  be  of  use  to  Y.  T. 

Goose  is  found  in  the  '  Edinburgh  Marriage 
Registers  l  in  1622. 

The  author  of  a  book  on  '  Mechanical 
Philosophy,2  published  at  Boston,  U.S.A., 
in  1851,  S.  E.  Coues,  perhaps  indicates 
a  variation  of  Goose  or  Cowes. 


In  1618,  and  several  following  years, 
Thomas  Coo  appears  as  unjustly  detained  in 
Newgate  on  some  unspecified  charge. 

Cow,  as  a  family  name,  emerges  frequently 
in  Scotland,  as  in  Perthshire,  1594  and  1675  ; 
Forfarshire,  1614  and  1621  ;  Berwickshire, 
1653  ;  Edinburgh  (city  and  county),  1687 
and  1744  ;  Banffshire,  1740.  In  London  I 
have  only  seen  it  in  this  spelling  in  1816  and 
1851. 

The  name  Cowe  appears  in  Aberdeenshire 
as  early  as  1550,  and  again  in  1650.  It  is 
mentioned  in  connexion  with  Middlesex  in 
1797  and  1806;  and  in  London  for  1816,  1842, 
1849,  and  1868. 

Cowie,  as  a  place-name,  is  found  as  early  as 
1090.  It  is  a  fishing  village  in  Kincardine- 
shire,  with  remains  of  a  castle — the  Castle  of 
Cowie — built  by  Malcolm  Canmore. 

As  a  family  name,  Cowie  occurs  very  fre- 
quently, as  in  Edinburgh,  1576,  1594,  1623, 
1658,  1702,  and  1765 ;  Perthshire,  1622  ; 
Fifeshire,  1626  ;  Forfarshire,  1628  ;  Stirling- 
shire, 1636;  Aberdeenshire,  1674,  1771, 
1799,  and  1800  ;  Lanarkshire,  1680  ;  Inver- 
ness, 1731;  Elginshire,  1766;  Montreal 
(Canada),  1809  and  1812  ;  London,  1816, 
1842,  1845,  1851,  1861,  and  1866  ;  India, 
(Civil  Servants),  1825,  1829,  and  1832  ;' 
Australasia  (Rev.  W.  G.  Cowie,  Bishop  of 
Auckland,  born  in  London,  1831)  ;  Dundee 
(R.  Cowie),  1871. 

Might  one  venture  the  opinion  that  the 
place-name  Cowie  is  the  source  whence  the 
different  varieties  of  the  family  name  have 
been  derived  ?  W.  S.  S. 

Why  cannot  this  family  have  come  from 
the  "  Coo  "  family  ?  The  pronunciation  of 
the  word  "  cow  "  on  Tyneside  is  "  coo." 

R.  B— R. 
[MR.  J.  T.  KEMP  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

J.  R.  SMITH = DR.  W.  SAUNDERS  (11  S. 
ii.  6). —  I  have  a  copy  of  this  print,  and 
append  a  description  which  owners  of  Mrs. 
Frankau's  book  may  like  to  have  for  in- 
sertion therein.  It  is  rather  curious  that 
Mrs.  Frankau  should  have  omitted  the 
portrait  from  her  catalogue,  seeing  that 
Chaloner  Smith  describes  it. 

William  Sannders.  Nearly  whole  length,  sitting, 
directed  towards  left,  facing  and  looking  to  front. 
White  hair,  dark  clothes ;  coat  buttoned  across 
vest ;  right  arm  on  table  to  left,  on  which  lie  books  ; 
fore-finger  pointing.  Left  elbow  on  arm  of  chair. 
Under :  in  centre  various  medical  emblems  and 
books.  Inscribed :  Published  April  29th  1803  by 
I.  R.  Smith  31  King  Street  Covent  Garden  &  I. 
Ackerman  101  Strand.  J.  R.  Smith  pinxt  et  ex- 
cudit  William  Saunders  M.D.  F.R.S.  &  S.A.  From 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  16,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


59 


the  Original  Picture  in  the  possession  of  James 
Curry,  M.D.  Physician  to  Guy's  Hospital."  Height 
19 £  inches.  Subject  18  inches.  Width  13|  inches.— 
See  Chaloner  Smith,  '  British  Mezzotinto  Portraits,' 
vol.  iii.  p.  1300. 

JOHN    CHARRINGTON 

ARMS  OF  STONELEY  PRIORY  (11  S.  i. 
510). — The  arms  described  by  Mr.  G. 
MATTHEWS  are  those  given  for  Stoneley 
Abbey  by  Pap  worth  ('  Ordinary  of  British 
Armorials '),  who  cites  as  his  authority 
Dugdale's  '  Monasticon.'-  S.  D.  C. 

"TEART"  (11  S.  i.  466,  497;  ii.  11).— 
This  word  is  the  pronunciation  here  of 
"  tart  "= sharp.  A  gooseberry  tart  is  said 
to  be  "  tart,"  or  "  teart,"  as  it  is  sometimes 
pronounced.  The  word  "pert"  is  pro- 
nounced "peart."  R.  B — R. 

South  Shields. 

MOCK  COATS  OF  ARMS  (11  *S.  i.  146,  313, 
497)._On  the  title-page  of  'The  Lord 
Chief  Baron  Nicholson,  an  Autobiography, 
I860,'  there  is  a  very  funny  mock  coat  of 
arms  with  the  motto  "  Ecce  incorporo 
hilaritatem  cum  lege." 

FREDERIC  BOASE. 

[Modern  instances  are  those  published  by  the 
militant  Suffragettes.  See  Coat  of  Arms  of  Henry 
Asquith,  Votes  for  Women,  16  July,  1909.] 


0n  ?800ks,  &t. 

Grammar    of    the    Gothic    Language.     By    Joseph 

Wright,  Ph.D.  (Oxford,  Clarendon  Press.) 
WITH  untiring  energy  Prof.  Wright  has  followed 
up  his  '  Old  English  Grammar  '  and  '  Historical 
German  Grammar  '  with  one  on  the  same  lines 
dealing  with  Gothic.  It  is  needless  to  say  that 
it  is  thoroughly  scientific  and  minutely  accurate 
in  its  phonology  and  accidence.  No  English 
student  who  desires  to  possess  a  comparative 
knowledge  of  his  own  tongue  can  afford  to  stop 
short  of  Gothic  as  the  ne  plus  ultra  of  the  Teutonic 
branch  of  languages.  Sufficient  specimens  of 
Ulfllas's  translation  of  the  New  Testament  are 
given  to  serve  as  a  praxis,  with  notes  and  a 
complete  glossary,  to  which  Old  English  and  Old 
High  German  cognates  are  added.  The  first 
entry  in  the  Glossary  only  gives  "  man,  husband," 
as  the  meaning  of  aba,  while  in  the  text  (pp.  96, 
170)  that  of  "  father  "  is  also  assigned  to  it,  this 
being  probably  the  original  meaning,  if  the  word 
is  akin  to  abba.  Ulfilas,  however,  it  must  be 
admitted,  seems  always  to  use  it  in  the  sense  of 
11  husband,"  keeping  fadar  for  the  paternal 
relation. 

Ix  The  National  Review  politics  occupy,  as 
often,  a  dominant  part,  and  are  discussed  in  the 
usual  trenchant  style.  Mr.  Alfred  Austin's 
'  Byron  in  Italy  '  goes  over  a  good  deal  which  is 
familiar  to  us,  but  possibly  not  to  the  rising 
generation.  Byron  has  hardly  held  his  place 
witli  the  modern  critic,  and  we  take  leave  to 
doubt  if  all  readers  of  Mr.  Austin's  paper  know 
by  heart  the  stanza  concerning  the  Dying 


Gladiator.  His  scorn  for  those  who  "  prefer 
erotic  lyricism  and  egotistical  sentiment  to  the1 
noblest  poetry  on  the  rise,  fall,  and  decline  of  the 
Roman  Empire  "  is  somewhat  overdone.  As  Mr. 
Austin  shows  a  few  lines  earlier,  Byron  is  himself 
not  free  from  "  splendid  egotism,"  and  the  fact  is 
as  much  a  commonplace  as  many  pronouncements- 
on  poetry  which  now  flourish  in  the  press.  Com- 
pliments from  Goethe  concerning  Byron  are 
quoted  to  which  we  do  not  object,  but  it  may  be 
added  that  more  searching  sentiments  from  the 
same  source  are  available. 

We  are  delighted  with  Mr.  H.  C.  Biron's  article 
on  '  A  Red-faced  Nixon.'  Such,  it  may  be 
recalled,  was  the  designation  of  a  somewhat 
mysterious  prophet  in  '  Pickwick.'  Mr.  Biron 
found  at  a  second-hand  bookstall  a  slender 
volume  which  dispelled  his  doubts  as  to  the 
soundness  of  commentators  on  the  prophet.  It 
was  '  Nixon's  Prophecies  :  the  Original  Predic- 
tions of  Robert  Nixon,  commonly  called  the 
Cheshire  Prophet,'  and  contained  some  details 
of  his  shrewdness  which  Mr.  Biron  comments 
on  in  an  agreeable  style.  The  prophecies  quoted 
have  that  vein  of  wide  application  which  we 
remember  in  certain  Greek  oracles,  and  has,  we 
dare  say,  always,  as  Gibbon  suggests,  distin- 
guished the  discreet  seer.  Mr.  J.  Barnard- James 
has  an  interesting  article  '  In  the  Track  of  the 
Locust.'  The  account  of  the  efforts  made  to 
divert  or  destroy  the  advance  of  these  insects  is 
most  striking.  The  devastation  they  cause  is 
almost  beyond  belief,  and  "  each  female  is  esti- 
mated to  lay  about  10,000  eggs.  These,  clinging 
together  and  forming  a  kind  of  brown  cocoon, 
are  deposited  on  the  ground,  which  they  resemble 
in  colour,  and  they  are  therefore  not  easily  dis- 
cerned." 

Mr.  A.  Maurice  Low  writes  well,  as  usual,  on 
'  American  Affairs,'  indicating,  amongst  other 
things,  that  President  Taft  will  have  to  be  re- 
nominated  ;  otherwise  it  is  "  tantamount  to  an 
admission  that  he  personally  or  his  administration 
as  a  whole  has  been  a  failure,  and  that  is  a  heavy 
handicap  to  overcome." 

Mr.  Austin  Dobson  has  one  of  his  neat  and 
informative  articles  on  '  Chambers  the  Architect,' 
who  is  known  to  Fame  as  the  layer-out  of  the 
grounds  at  Kew  Palace  and  the  architect  of 
Somerset  House,  and  on  whom  MR.  ALECK 
ABRAHAMS  had  a  note  in  last  week's  '  N.  &  Q.' 
(ante,  p.  25).  The  article  on  '  Greater  Britain  ' 
has  some  remarkable  facts  concerning  Australia- 
For  instance,  there  is  good  land  only  twenty- 
five  miles  from  Melbourne  that  has  never  been 
cultivated.  Such  a  state  of  affairs  may  rightly 
be  called  "  disease." 

IN  The  Burlington  Magazine  the  usual  editorial 
articles  do  not  figure,  but  Mr.  Lionel  Cust  leads 
off  with  '  A  Portrait  of  Queen  Catherine  Howard  * 
by  Hans  Holbein  the  Younger.  The  discovery 
of  a  new  and  authentic  portrait  of  an  English 
queen,  painted  in  England  by  such  a  hand,  is 
"  an  event  of  no  little  interest."  Illustrations  of 
the  picture  and  of  others  of  the  same  lady  are 
given  for  purposes  of  comparison.  The  new  find 
from  a  private  collection  in  the  West  of  England 
is  said  to  excel  in  every  detail  the  portrait  of  the 
same  queen  acquired  for  the  National  Gallery  in 
1898.  It  is  further  recognized,  it  appears,  by 
foreign  critics  as  a  genuine  and  important  speci 
men  of  Holbein's  work. 


60 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  n.  JULY  IB,  iaio. 


!*Mr.  G.  F.  Laking  continues  his  criticism  of 
'  The  Noel  Pa  ton  Collection  of  Arms  and  Armour,' 
and  is  able  this  tune  to  award  high  praise  to  some 
of  it.  '  Early  Chinese  Pottery  and  Porcelain  at 
the  Burlington  Fine-Arts  Club  '  is  considered  in  a 
brief  article  by  Mr.  Edward  Dillon,  who  points 
out  that  recent  times  of  stress  in  China,  leading 
to  the  breaking-up  of  many  old  native  collections, 
and  excavations  for  new  railways,  have  given 
"  the  ruthless  antiquary  and  those  who  cater 
for  him  "  a  rich  harvest.  So  the  early  wares  of 
China  are  now  for  the  first  tune  exhibited  in  some 
profusion  to  Londoners.  '  The  Old  Plate  of  the 
Cambridge  Colleges,'  a  recent  book  by  Mr.  E.  A. 
Jones,  is  reviewed  by  Lieut.-Col.  Croft  Lyons. 
The  plate  of  Corpus  is,  we  think,  the  best,  Trinity 
not  being  so  conspicuous  in  this  respect  as  it  is 
in  most  academic  distinctions.  Mr.  D.  S.  Mac- 
Coll  writes  on  '  Twenty  Years  of  British  Art ' 
at  the  Whitechapel  Gallery,  and  his  article  is  one 
of  the  most  satisfactory  in  an  expert  paper  which 
is  more  concerned  with  the  glories  of  the  past 
than  the  efforts  of  the  present  day.  Two  illus- 
trations— of  Mr.  Wilson  Steer's  '  Richmond  Castle 
in  Storm,'  and  Mr.  Augustus  John's  '  Nirvana  ' — 
represent  pictures  which  may  rank  as  Old  Masters 
some  day.  Mr.  MacColl  points  out  incidentally 
that  the  Committee  which  inquired  in  1904  into 
the  administration  of  the  Chantrey  Bequest 
proposed  that,  instead  of  a  Council  of  ten  as 
purchasers,  a  committee  of  three  should  be  ap- 
pointed including  an  Associate  nominated  by 
the  Associates,  who  had  hitherto  had  no  voice 
in  deciding  purchases.  Such  a  committee  was 
appointed  for  the  following  year,  and  is  under- 
stood to  have  recommended  a  good  example  of 
Mr.  Rothenstein,  and  one  of  Buxton  Knight's 
masterpieces,  the  '  Winter  Sunshine.'  "  Both 
recommendations  were  thrown  out  by  the  Council." 
The  Academy  thus  shows  once  more  the  farcical 
character  of  official  committees,  which  seem  only 
a  means  of  stopping  the  course  of  public  inquiry 
by  resolutions  which  are  of  no  avail. 


GENEALOGICAL  SOCIETY  FOB  THE  UNITED  KINGDOM. 
— An  informal  meeting  was  held  on  the  29th  of  June, 
at  which  it  was  agreed  that  an  attempt  should  be 
made  to  secure  the  support  of  fifty  representative 
genealogists.  These,  as  founders,  will  subscribe  a 
guinea  apiece  for  the  purpose  of  placing  before  the 
greater  genealogical  public  a  scheme,  and  one  that 
shall  be  well-considered  and  likely  to  endure,  for 
the  formation  of  a  "Society  of  Genealogists  of 
London."  Influential  support  has  been  already 
promised,  and  those  interested  will  be  advised  of 
the  progress  of  the  movement  if  they  will  send  their 
names  to  the  Hon.  Secretary  pro  tern.,  Room  22, 
227,  Strand,  W.C. 

DR.  FURNIVALL. — The  veteran  scholar  Dr. 
Frederick  James  Furnivall,  who  died  on  the  9th 
inst.,  and  was  born  as  long  ago  as  1825,  had 
contributed  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  for  many  years,  both 
under  his  own  name  and  the  initials  F.  J.  F. 
His  work  is  well  known  to  all  lovers  of  English, 
for  he  was  a  champion  founder  of  societies  for 
literary  study,  beginning  with  the  Early  English 
Text  Society  in  1864.  His  share  in  the  Philological 
Society  led  to  his  being  one  of  the  early  pro- 
moters of  the  Oxford  English  Dictionary,  and 
he  was  indefatigable  in  supplying  quotations 
for  that  great  work.  He  was  also  deeply  interested 


in  Shakespeare,  a  subject  on  which  he  wrote 
several  times,  introducing,  for  instance,  the 
"Leopold  Edition"  of  several  years  ago,  and 
adding  to  the  "  Century  Edition  "  two  years  ago, 
with  Mr.  John  Munro,  a  characteristic  little 
volume  on  the  poet's  life. 

Throughout  his  career  Dr.  Furnivall  was  a  man 
of  splendid  enthusiasms,  who  was  able  to  achieve 
much  for  his  favourite  subjects  by  his  untiring 
energy.  An  essential  part,  perhaps,  of  such  a 
temperament  was  that  he  "  loved  a  row."  His 
life  was  certainly  unconventional,  like  his  spelling, 
and  his  taste,  as  exhibited  in  various  outbursts 
of  his  which  got  into  print,  was  repugnant  to 
many.  But  such  things  are  as  nothing  when  we 
consider  his  long  labours  (largely  labours  of  love) 
for  the  cause  of  English,  and  the  generous  way 
in  which  he  always  encouraged  and  helped  other 
workers.  It  is  some  while  since  his  eminence  was 
recognized  by  the  unusual  compliment  of  a 
"  Festschrift  "  presented  to  him  by  a  represen- 
tative body  of  scholars  on  the  occasion  of  his 
seventy-fifth  birthday. 

We  need  more  such  impassioned  students  if 
English  in  these  days  of  commercialism  is  to  hold 
its  own. 

D.  W.  FERGUSON. — The  Times  of  the  2nd  inst- 
notices  the  death  at  Croydon  on  29  June  of  Mr. 
Donald  William  Ferguson,  who  had  for  some 
time  been  suffering  from  consumption  : — 

"  Mr.  Ferguson  was  the  younger  surviving 
son  of  the  late  A.  M.  Ferguson,  C.M.G.,  a  well- 
known  publicist  and  leading  colonist,  who  arrived 
in  Ceylon  from  the  Scottish  Highlands  in  1837, 
and  lived  there  for  55  years  till  his  death.  He 
became  chief  proprietor  and  editor  of  The  Ceylon 
Observer,  &c.,  and  his  son  succeeded  him  for  a 
time  ;  but  eventually  in  1893  retired  to  England 
where  he  worked  on  the  past  history,  especially 
in  the  Portuguese  and  Dutch  annals  and  records, 
of  Ceylon  administration." 

We  may  add  that  both  in  The  Athenceum  and 
our  own  columns  Mr.  Ferguson's  work  was  highly 
valued.  He  had  a  remarkable  knowledge  of  the 
earlier  history  of  India,  and  of  the  class  of  tra- 
vellers whose  writings  have  been  published  by 
the  Hakluyt  Society.  His  latest  contribution  is 
at  US.  i.  41. 


To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 

:ut  in  parentheses,   immediately  after  the  exact 
eading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which    they    refer.    Correspondents    who    repeat 
queries   are  requested    to  head    the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.C. 

H.  P.  LEE.— Forwarded  :  delayed  through  change 
of  address. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  23, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


61 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  23,  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  30. 

:NOTES  :— Skeat  Bibliography,  61— Peacock  on  Fashionabl6 
Literature,  62— South  African  Slang,  63— Sir  W.  Godbold 
64— Jeremy  Taylor  and  Petronius— Royal  Tombs  at  St 
Denis — Boys  in  Petticoats,  65 — "Vote  early  and  vote 
of  ten  "— "  Obsess  "— "  Dispense  Bar  "— Dalmatian  Nighi 
Spectres,  66. 

•QUERIES :— General  Haug— St.  Leodegarius  and  the  St 
Leger— 'Jane  Shore,'  66— Holy  Crows  at  Lisbon— Ben 
Jonson — C.  Gordon,  Publisher — American  Words  anc 
Phrases,  67 — Licence  to  Eat  Flesh — Prince  Bishop  o 
Basle  —  Egerton  Leigh  —  F.  Peck  —  '  Reverberations '  — 
E.I.C.'s  Marine  Service— Mrs.  Fitzherbert's  Sale -Wind 
sor  Stationmaster,  68— "Seersucker"  Coat — Warren  anc 
Waller  Families— Egyptian  Literary  Association— John 
Brooke— J.  Faber— Thompson,  R.A.,  69. 

REPLIES  :— Clergy  retiring  from  the  Dinner  Table,  69  — 
Edwards,  Kings  of  England  —  Princes  of  Wales,  70— 
Arabian  Horses  —  "  Denizen,"  71  —  Chapel  le  Frith  — 
Earthenware  Tombstone,  72— Ansgar,  Master  of  Horse- 
Sir  M.  Philip  —  Manchester  Volunteers,  73— Sir  Isaac's 
Walk— Beke's  Diary— Sir  J.  Robinson— Maginn's  Writings, 
74 — Hewoi  th — Donne's  Poems,  75 — '  Lovers'  Vows ' — Dame 
Elizabeth  Irvvin— B.  Rotch— Authors  Wanted— Andro- 
nicus  Lascaris,  76—"  British  Glory  Revived  "—City  Poll- 
Books—'  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor '  —  Lieut.  Pigott,  77— 
Botany — Doge's  Hat  —  Folly  —  Roosevelt  —  Newspapers 
printed  with  Bibles— Mark  Twain,  78— Robin  Hood's  Men 
—  "  Scribble  "  —  Toasts  and  Sentiments— Princess  Clara 
Emilia  of  Bohemia,  79. 

TTOTES    ON   BOOKS:— Leadam's   'History  of  England 
1702-60 '— Jamieson's  Scottish  Dictionary. 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  : 
WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 
ON  a  previous  occasion  (see  8  S.  ii.  241) 
I  gave  a  list  of  fifty-two  books,  as  published 
down  to  1892.  In  1896,  at  p.  Ixxix.  of  my 
*  Student's  Pastime,'  I  continued  the  list 
down  to  that  date  with  one  alteration  in  the 
numbering.  The  book  numbered  52  in 
1892  was  then  altered  to  36*,  because  I  did 
no  more  than  edit  it. 

I  now  beg  leave   to  continue  the  list  of 
1892,  beginning  with  No.  52  as  newly  applied. 

52.  Chaucer's  House  of  Fame.     Oxford,   1893. 
Crown  8vo,  pp.  136. 

53.  (a)  The  Bruce.     By  John  Barbour.     Part  I. 
(Scottish     Text     Society.)     Edinburgh,     1893-4. 
Demy  8vo,  pp.  1-351.     (6)  The  same  ;    Part  II. 
1893-4.     Pp.     i-viii,     1-431.     (c)     The     same  ; 
Part  III.   1894-5.     Pp.  i-xci.     N.B.   'c)  and   (a) 
form  Vol.  I.  ;   (6)  is  Vol.  II. 

54.  The  Complete  Works  of  Geoffrey  Chaucer. 
Oxford,    1894.     Six    vols.    demy    8vo.     Vol.    I. 
The  Romaunt  of  the  Rose,  and  Minor  Poems  ; 
pp.    Ixiv,    568.     Vol.     II.    Boethius  ;      Troilus  ; 
pp.    Ixxx,    506.      Vol.    III.    House    of    Fame  ; 
Legend  of  Good  Women  ;   Astrolabe  ;    Sources  of 
the  Tales  ;    pp.  Ixxx,  504.     Vol.  IV.  Canterbury 
Tales  ;  Tale  of  Gamelyn  ;  pp.  xxxii,  667.     Vol.  V. 


Notes  to  the  Canterbury  Tales  ;  pp.  xxviii,  515. 
Vol.  VI.  Introduction  ;  Glossary ;  Indexes  ; 
pp.  ciii,  445. 

55.  The     Student's     Chaucer.     Oxford,     1895. 
Crown  8vo,  pp.  xxiv,  732  ;   with  Glossarial  Index, 
pp.   149.     [This   Glossarial  Index  was  also  pub- 
lished separately.] 

56.  Nine     Specimens      of     English      Dialects. 
(E.D.S.,    No.    76.)     Oxford,    1895.     Demy    8vo, 
pp.  xxiv,  193. 

57.  Two    Collections    of    Derbicisms.     By    S. 
Pegge,  A.  M.      Edited  by  W.  W.  S.  and  Thomas 
Hallam.     (E.D.S.  No.  78.)     Oxford,  1896.    Demy 
8vo,  pp.  c,  138.      [From  Pegge's  MS.  copy.] 

58.  A  Student's  Pastime  ;    being  a  select  series 
of  articles  reprinted  from  '  N.  and  Q.'     Oxford, 

1896.  Crown  8vo,  pp.  Ixxxiv,  410. 

59.  The  Complete  Works  of  Geoffrey  Chaucer. 
Vol.      VII.      (supplementary).     Chaucerian      and 
other    Pieces.     Oxford,    1897.     Demy    8vo,    pp. 
Ixxxiv,  608. 

60.  Chaucer :     The    Hous    of    Fame.     Oxford, 

1897.  Extra  fcap.  8vo,  pp.  136. 

61.  The  Chaucer  Canon.     Oxford,  1900.   Crown 
8vo,  pp.  xi,  167. 

62.  Notes     on     English     Etymology.     Oxford, 

1901.  Crown  8vo,  pp.  xxii,  479. 

63.  The  Place-Names  of  Cambridgeshire.   (Cam- 
bridge  Antiquarian    Society.)     Cambridge,  1901. 
Demy  8vo,  pp.  vi,  80. 

64.  The   Lay  of  Havelok  the   Dane.     Oxford, 

1902.  Extra  fcap.  8vo,  pp.  Ix,  171.     See  No.  9. 

65.  The     Place-Names     of     Huntingdonshire. 
(Cambridge    Antiquarian     Society.)     Cambridge, 

1903.  Demy  8vo,  pp.  317-60  (in  vol.  x.). 

66.  The  Knight's  Tale.     By  Geoffrey  Chaucer 
Done  into  modern  English.     London,  A.  Moring 
&  Co.  1904.     16mo,  pp.  xxiii,  106. 

67.  The  Man  of  Law's  Tale,  the  Nun's  Priest's 
Tale,  and  the  Squire's  Tale.     By  Geoffrey  Chaucer. 
London,  A.  Moring  &  Co.  1904.     16mo,  pp.  xxiii, 

68.  The  Prioress's  Tale  and  other  Tales.     By 
Geoffrey   Chaucer.     Done   into   modern   English. 
London,  A.  Moring  &  Co.  1904.     16mo,  pp.  xxvi, 
158. 

69.  The  Place-Names  of  Hertfordshire.     Hert- 
ford, 1904.     Demy  8vo,  pp.  75. 

70.  The  Vision  of  Piers  the  Plowman  ;  prologue 
and     Passus     I.-VII.     By     William     Langland. 
Done  into  modern  English.     London,  A.  Moring 
&  Co.  1905.     16mo,  pp.  xxix,  151. 

71.  A  Primer  of  Classical  and  English  Philology. 
Oxford,  1905.     Extra  fcap.  8vo,  pp.  viii,  101. 

72.  Pierce    the    Ploughman's    Crede.     Oxford, 

1906.  Extra  fcap.  8vo,  pp.  xxxii,  73. 

73.  The  Place-Names  of  Bedfordshire.     (Cam- 
aridge  Antiquarian   Society.)     Cambridge,    1906. 
Demy  8vo,  pp.  vii,  74. 

74.  The  Legend  of  Good  Women.     By  Geoffrey 
Chaucer.     Done  into  modern  English.     London, 
"hatto  &  Windus,  1907.     16mo,  pp.  xxiii,  131. 

75.  The    Prologue    to    the    Canterbury    Tales, 
and  Minor  Poems.     By  Geoffrey  Chaucer.     Done 
nto  modern  English.     London,  Chatto  &  Windus, 

1907.  16mo,  pp.  xxxi,  168. 

76.  The    Proverbs    of    Alfred.     Oxford,    1907. 
Sxtra  fcap.  8vo,  pp.  xlvi,  94. 

77.  The  Parliament  of  Birds  and  The  House  of 
?ame.     By  Geoffrey  Chaucer.     Done  into  modern 

English.     London,     Chatto     &     Windus,     1908. 
~6mo,  pp.  xxvii,  135. 


62 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  11.  JULY  23, 1910. 


78.  Early  English  Proverbs.  Oxford,  1910. 
8vo,  pp.  xxiv,  147. 

The  following  are  later  editions  of  books 
first  published  before  1896,  and  not  noticed 
in  the  former  list  : — 

35.  (d)  JElfric's  Lives  of  Saints.  Part.  IV. 
(E.E.T.S.)  Vol.  II ;  concluding  part.  1900.  Pp. 
Ixiii,  225-474. 

38.  (D)    An    Etymological    Dictionary    of    the 
English  Language.     Third  edition.     Oxford,  1898. 
4to,  pp.  xxxiv,  844.     (E)  The  same  ;   New  edition, 
revised   and   enlarged.     Oxford,    1910.     4to,   pp. 
xliv,  780. 

39.  (E)    A    Concise    Etymological    Dictionary 
of    the    English    Language.     New    edition  ;     re- 
written and  rearranged.     Oxford,   1901.     Crown 
8vo,  pp.  xv,  663. 

40.  (B)  The  Tale  of  Gamelyn  ;   with  notes  and 
a    glossary.     Oxford,     1893.       Second     edition. 
Extra  fcap.  8vo,  pp.  xl,  64. 

46.  (B)  Chaucer:  the  Minor  Poems.  Oxford, 
1896.  Second  and  enlarged  edition.  Crown  8vo, 
pp.  Ixxxvi,  502. 

50.  (B)  A  Primer  of  English  Etymology.  Second 
edition.  Oxford,  1895.  (C)  Third  edition,  1898. 
(D)  Fourth  edition,  1904.  (E)  Fifth  edition,  1910. 
WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 


T.  L.  PEACOCK'S  'ESSAY  ON 
FASHIONABLE     LITERATURE.1 

(Concluded  from  p.  5.) 

I  NOW  give  the  remainder  of  the  first  part 
of  Peacock's  Essay  from  MS.  36,815  in  the 
British  Museum  : — 

"  The  monthly  publications  are  so  numerous 
that  the  most  indefatigable  reader  of  desultory 
literature  could  not  get  through  the  whole  of  their 
contents  in  a  month — a  very  happy  circum- 
stance, no  doubt,  for  that  not  innumerous  class 
of  persons  who  make  the  reading  of  reviews  and 
magazines  the  sole  business  of  their  lives.  All 
these  have  their  own  little  exclusive  circles  of 
favour  and  fashion,  and  it  is  very  amusing  to 
trace  in  any  one  of  them  half-a-dozen  favoured 
names  circling  in  the  pre-eminence  of  glory  in 
that  little  circle,  and  scarcely  named  or  known 
out  of  it.  Glory,  it  is  said,  is  like  a  circle  in  the 
water  that  grows  feebler  and  feebler  as  it  recedes 
from  the  centre  and  expands  with  a  wider  circum- 
ference ;  but  the  glory  of  these  little  idols  of 
little  literary  factions  is  like  the  many  circles  pro- 
duced by  the  simultaneous  splashing  of  a  multi- 
tude of  equal-sized  pebbles,  which  each  throws 
out  for  a  few  inches  its  own  little  series  of  con- 
centric circles,  limiting  and  limited  by  the  small 
rings  of  its  brother  pebbles. 

"  Each  of  these  little  instructions  of  genius 
has  its  own  little  audience  of  admirers,  who,  read- 
ing only  those  things  belonging  to  their  own  party 
or  gang,  peep  through  these  intellectual  telescopes 
and  think  they  have  a  complete  view  of  the  age, 
while  they  see  only  a  minute  fraction  of  it.  Thus 
it  fares  with  the  insulated  reader  of  a  solitary 
review,  the  inhabitants  of  large  towns,  the  fre- 
quenters of  reading-rooms  who  consult  them  '  en 
masse.'  In  these  publications  the  mutual  flattery 
of  'learned  correspondents '  to  their  own  'inestim- 


able miscellany '  carries  the  '  Tickle  me,  Mr. 
Hayley,'  principle  to  a  surprising  extent.  There 
is  a  systematical  cant  in  criticism  which  passes 
with  many  for  the  language  of  superior  intelli- 
gence ;  such,  for  instance,  is  that  which  pro- 
nounces unintelligible  whatever  is  in  any  degree 
obscure,  more  especially  if  it  be  really  matter  of 
deeper  sense  than  the  critic  likes  to  be  molested 
with.  A  critic  is  bound  to  study  for  an  author's 
meaning,  and  not  to  make  his  own  stupidity 
another's  reproach. 

"  Knight's  '  Principle  of  Taste  '  is  as  admirable 
a  piece  of  philosophical  criticism  as  has  appeared 
in  any  language.  One  of  the  best  metaphysical 
and  one  of  the  best  moral  treatises  in  any  language 
appeared  at  the  same  time.  The  period  seemed 
to  promise  the  revival  of  philosophy,  but  it  has 
since  fallen  into  deeper  sleep  than  ever,  and  even 
classical  literature  seems  sinking  into  the  same 
repose.  The  favourite  journals  of  the  day,  only 
within  a  very  few  years,  were  seldom  without  a 
classical  and  philosophical  article  for  the  fear  of 
keeping  up  appearances  :  but  now  we  have 
volume  after  volume  without  either,  and  almost 
without  anything  to  remind  us  that  such  things 
were.  Sir  William  Drummond  complains  that 
philosophy  is  neglected  at  the  universities  from  an 
exclusive  respect  for  classical  literature.  I  wish 
the  reason  were  so  good.  Philosophy  is  dis- 
couraged from  fear  of  itself,  not  from  love  of  the 
classics.  There  would  be  too  much  philosophy 
in  the  latter  for  the  purposes  of  public  education 
were  it  not  happily  neutralised  by  the  very  ingeni- 
ous process  of  academical  chemistry  which 
separates  reason  from  grammar,  taste  from- 
prosody,  philosophy  from  philology,  and  absorbs 
all  perception  of  the  charms  of  the  former  in 
tedium  and  disgust  at  the  drudgery  of  the  latter 
Classical  literature,  thus  discarded  of  all  power 
to  shake  the  dominion  of  venerable  iniquity  and 
hoary  imposture,  is  used  merely  as  a  stepping- 
stone  to  church  preferment,  and  there,  God  knows 
Small  skill  in  Latin  and  still  less  in  Greek 
Is  more  than  adequate  to  all  we  seek. 

"  If  periodical  criticism  were  honestly  and 
conscientiously  conducted,  it  might  be  a  question 
how  far  it  has  been  beneficial  or  injurious  to 
literature  ;  but  being,  as  it  is,  merely  a  fraudulent 
and  exclusive  tool  of  party  and  partiality,  that 
it  is  highly  detrimental  to  it  none  but  a  trading 
critic  will  deny.  The  success  of  a  new  work  is 
made  to  depend,  in  a  great  measure,  not  on  the 
degree  of  its  intrinsic  merit,  but  on  the  degree  of 
interest  the  publisher  may  have  with  the  periodical 
press.  Works  of  weight  and  utility  break  through 
these  flimsy  obstacles,  but  on  the  light  and 
transient  literature  of  the  day  its  effect  is  almost 
omnipotent.  Personal  or  political  alliance  being 
the  only  passports  to  critical  notice,  the  inde- 
pendence and  high  thinking  that  keeps  an 
individual  aloof  from  all  the  petty  subdivisions 
of  fashion  makes  every  gang  his  foe.  There  is  a 
common  influence  to  which  the  periodical  press 
is  subservient :  it  has  many  ultras  on  the  side  of 
power,  but  none  on  the  side  of  liberty  (one  or 
two  publications  excepted).  And  this  is  from 
want  of  sufficient  liberty  of  the  press,  which 
is  ample  to  all  purposes  ;  it  is  from  want  of  an 
audience.  There  is  a  degree  of  spurious  liberty 
a  Whiggish  moderation  with  which  many  will  go 
hand  in  hand,  but  few  have  the  courage  to  push 
enquiry  to  its  limits.  Now  though  there  is  no 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  2.3,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


censorship  of  the  press,  there  is  an  influence  widely 
diffused  and  mighty  in  its  application  that  is 
almost  equivalent  to  it.  The  whole  scheme  of  our 
government  is  based  on  influence,  and  the  immense 
number  of  genteel  persons,  who  are  maintained  by 
the  taxes,  gives  this  influence  an  extent  and  com- 
plication from  which  few  persons  are  free.  They 
shrink  from  truth,  for  it  shows  those  dangers 
which  they  dare  not  face.  Corruption  must  be 
stamped  upon  a  work  before  it  can  be  admitted 
to  fashionable  simulation. 

"  In  orthodox  families  that  have  the  advan- 
tage of  being  acquainted  with  such  a  phenomenon 
as  a  reading  parson  or  any  tolerably  literate 
variety  of  political  and  theological  orthodoxy — 
the  reading  of  the  young  ladies  is  very  much 
influenced  by  his  advice.  He  is  careful  not  to 
prohibit  unless  in  extreme  cases — Voltaire's,  for 
example,  who  is  by  many  well-meaning  ladies 
and  gentlemen  in  leading  strings  considered 
little  better  than  a  devil  incarnate.  He  is  careful 
not  to  prohibit,  for  prohibition  is  usually  accom- 
panied with  longing  for  forbidden  fruit — it  is  much 
more  easy  to  exclude  by  silence,  and  preoccupy 
by  counter-recommendation.  Hence  ladies  read 
only  for  amusement :  the  best  recommendation 
a  work  of  fancy  can  have  is  that  it  should  incul- 
cate no  opinions  at  all,  but  implicitly  acquiesce  in 
all  the  assumptions  of  worldly  wisdom.  The  next 
best  is  that  it  should  be  well-seasoned  with 
'  petitiones  principii  '  in  favour  of  things  as  they 
are. 

"  Fancy  indeed  treads  a  dangerous  ground  when 
she  trespasses  in  the  land  of  opinion — the  soil 
is  too  slippery  for  her  glass  slippers,  and  the 
atmosphere  too  heavy  for  her  filmy  wings.  But 
she  is  a  degenerate  spirit  if  she  be  contented 
within  the  limits  of  her  own  empire.  She  should 
keep  the  mind  continually  poring  upon  phan- 
tasies without  pointing  to  more  important  realities. 
Her  province  is  to  awaken  the  mind,  not  to 
enchain  it.  Poetry  precludes  philosophy,  but 
true  poetry  prepares  its  path.  Cervantes — 
Rabelais — Swift  — Voltaire — Fielding — have  led 
fancy  against  opinion  with  a  success  that  no 
other  names  can  parallel.  Works  of  mere  amuse- 
ment that  treat  nothing  may  have  an  accidental 
and  transient  success,  but  cannot,  of  course,  have 
influence  in  their  own  times,  and  will  certainly 
not  pass  to  posterity.  Mr.  Scott's  success  has 
been  attributed,  in  a  great  measure,  to  his  keeping 
clear  of  opinion.  But  he  is  far  from  being  a 
writer  who  teaches  nothing.  On  the  contrary, 
he  communicates  fresh  and  valuable  information. 
He  i3  the  historian  of  a  peculiar  and  minute 
class  of  our  own  countrymen  who,  within  a  few 
years,  have  completely  passed  away.  He  offers 
materials  to  the  philosopher  in  depicting,  with 
the  truth  of  life,  the  features  of  human  nature 
in  a  peculiar  state  of  society  before  comparatively 
little  known.  Information,  not  enquiry — manners, 
not  morals — facts,  not  inferences — are  the  taste  of 
the  present  day.  If  philosophy  be  not  dead,  she  is, 
at  least,  sleeping  in  the  country  of  Bacon  and 
Locke.  The  seats  of  learning  (as  the  universities 
are -still  called  according  to  the  proverb  '  Once  a 
captain  always  a  captain  ')  are  armed  cap-a-pie 
against  her.  The  metaphysician,  having  lifted 
his  voice  and  been  regarded  by  no  man,  folds  up 
his  Plato  and  writes  a  poem." 

The   second   part   of   the   essay   consists 
of  a  long  defence  of  Coleridge's  '  Christabel ' 


and  '  Kubla  Khan '  against  Thomas  Moore, 
who  reviewed  them  in  The  Edinburgh  Review 
in  1816,  and  contains  references  to  the  Scotch 
periodical,  and  those  connected  with  it, 
which  equal  in  sarcasm  and  virulence  any 
passages  on  the  same  subject  in  Peacock's 
novels.  Although  of  considerable  length, 
it  is  incomplete  ;  the  sentences  are  in  places 
unfinished,  while  some  have  been  com- 
mitted to  paper  rapidly,  and  only  here  and 
there  exhibit  their  author's  singular  but 
genial  style.  A.  B.  YOUNG,  M.A.,  Ph.D. 

May  I  point  out  that  the  name  Romeo 
"  Loates  "  (ante,  p.  4,  col.  2,  1.  22  from  foot) 
should  be  Romeo  Coates,  the  self-styled 
"  Amateur  of  Fashion  "  ? 

WM.  DOUGLAS. 

125,  Helix  Road,  Brixton  Hill. 


SOUTH  AFRICAN  SLANG. 

IN  Dr.  Karl  Lentzner's  '  Worterbuch  der 
englischen  Volkssprache  Australiens  und 
einiger  englischen  Mischsprachen,'  which  has 
the  sub -title  '  Colonial  English,  a  Glossary  * 
(Halle,  Leipzig,  and  London,  1891),  I  find 
on  p.  101,  under  the  heading  '  South  African 
Slang,'  the  following  item  : — 

"  Foptsac,  be  off !  An  apostrophe  to  drive  away 
intrusive  dogs.  Apparently  a  compound  of  the 
French  f outre,,  pronounced  foute,  and  sacre." 

As  this  word  may  perhaps  find  its  way 
into  a  supplement  to  the  '  N.E.D.,'  it  may  not 
be  useless  to  point  out  that  it  is  simply  a  con- 
traction of  Dutch  Voort,  zeg  ik,  "  Away 
(forth],  say  I." 

The  "High"  Dutch  zeggen  has  become 
ze  or  se  in  South  Africa,  as  leggen  has  beccme- 
le,  &c.,  and  as  M.E.  seggen  and  leggen  became 
"say'*  and  "lay.'*  Voort  ^vort ;  so  we 
have  vort  ze'k,  and  this,  heard  by  English 
ears  and  pronounced  by  an  English  tongue,, 
quite  explains  the  "  word.'* 

On  p.  102  of  the  same  book  scoff,  food,  and 
to  scoff  or  to  scorf,  "  to  devour,  eat  voraci- 
ously "  (this  definition  is  not  correct  :  it 
means  simply  "  to  eat  "),  are  compared  with 
Danish  skaffe,  a  naval  term  "to  eat.'1  But 
there  is  a  Dutch  schaffen  or  schaften,  "to 
knock  off  work  for  taking  meals,"  a  work- 
man's term,  and  doubtless  originally  a 
Dutch  naval  term.  The  word  occurs  in 
English  dialects  as  well ;  Wright,  '  E.D.D.,* 
also  defines  it  "to  eat  voraciously,  to 
devour." 

There  is  a  bit  of  a  knot  in  the  etymology. 

The  word  means  in  Dutch  also  "to  pro- 
cure "  (ver-schaffen,  procure),  and  "  to  do," 
"to  bring  about.'1  In  these  meanings  it  i& 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [n  s.  n.  JULY  23,  1910. 


certainly  from  Germ,  schaffen,  and  connectec 
by  the  prolific  root  skap  with  schopfen,  Du 
scheppen,  Engl.  scoop. 

All  through  the  history  of  this  root  run 
two  meanings,  "to  scoop  (up)"  and  "to 
create,  make,  form,"  and  they  meet  in  Du. 
scheppen.  "They  cannot  be  separated,' 
says  J.  Franck.  ' '  The  original  meaning  is 
obscure,  because  this  root  is  not  known  out- 
side Germanic."-  Let  me  say  that  French 
has  chope,  a  large  beer-glass  and  measure, 
from  Germ.  Schoppen  ;  and  chopine,  a 
popular  (and  by  no  means  obsolete,  as  the 
dictionaries  state)  measure  for  wine,  about 
half  a  litre.  Thus  it  seems  easy  to  explain 
the  verb  to  scoff,  "  to  eat,"  through  the 
meanings  "to  make,"  "to  prepare"  (for 
eating),  "  to  dish  up." 

But  in  the  Dutch  language  they  have  a 
verb  schoften,  "'to  knock  off  work  for 
meals,"  which  would  be  derived  from  the 
noun  schoft,  "the  fourth  part  of  a  workday," 
separated  by  the  meals.  This  noun  has 
equivalents  in  Scandinavian  and  Low- 
German.  Dutch  has  both  schaft-tyd  and 
schoft-tyd,  meaning  the  same  thing,  yet 
Franck  would  have  them  unrelated.  "  This 
word  schoft,"  he  says,  "  relates  to  schuiven,  to 
glide,  to  shove"  Does  it  though  ?  Not 
more  than  in  so  far  as  the  root  of  shove  may 
be  related  to  the  root  of  scoop.  It  seems  to 
me  that  the  similarity  of  schaften  and 
schoften,  and  their  derivatives,  has  escaped 
the  attention  of  Franck.  Might  not  the 
meaning  "working-time,"  "part  of  the 
day,"  be  secondary,  and  the  result  of  trans- 
position— from  the  meaning  "  meal-times  " 
to  "  the  time  between  meals  "?  The  plural  of 
schoft,  schoven,  shows  that  the  t  is  excrescent; 
so  is  that  in  schaften  ;  they  may  both  be  due 
to  the  compound  schaf(t)-tyd,  schof(t)-tyd= 
41  scoff-time,"  "  scoffing-time." 

If  that  is  so,  then  they  are  evidently 
identical,  and  the  noun  schoft  in  the  above 
sense  is  derived  from  the  verb.  Then  the 
etymologist  in  connecting  scoff  with  the 
root  of  scoop,  &c.,  is  safe.  N.  RAAFF. 


SIB  WILLIAM  GODBOLD. — Sixty  years  is  a 
long  period  for  a  query  in  your  ever-interast- 
ing  paper  to  remain  unanswered. 

While  it  is  doubtful  if  the  original  querist 
be  still  alive  to  glean  the  information,  I  wish 
to  place  on  record  a  partial  reply  to  G.  A.  C., 
who  upon  p.  93  of  the  first  volume  of  the 
First  Series  of  '  N.  &  Q.,'  on  8  December, 
1849,  asked  for  information  about  Sir 
William  Godbold,  to  whose  memory  a  mural 
monument  still  exists  in  the  church  of 


Mendham,  Suffolk.  A  similar  inquiry  had 
been  made  in  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  for 
July,  1842,  but  without  eliciting  any  reply. 

The  monument  states  that  Sir  William  was 
of  illustrious  and  ancient  lineage,  had  made 
seven  journeys  into  Italy,  Greece,  Palestine, 
Arabia,  and  Persia  in  the  pursuit  of  litera- 
ture, and  grew  old  in  his  native  land,  dying 
in  London  in  April,  MDCXCIIIC. 

Up  to  the  present  no  reply  has,  I  belisve, 
been  forthcoming.  It  is  remarkable  that  no 
records  have  come  to  light  of  so  great  a 
traveller  at  a  period  when  it  was  no  easy 
matter  to  get  about  the  world. 

S.  H.  A.  H.  in  his  book  upon  the  Hearth 
Tax  in  Suffolk  considers  him  to  have  been 
a  bogus  or  blunder  knight.  (He  was  charged 
for  ten  hearths  at  Mendham,  seven  at  West- 
hall,  and  three  at  Weybread.)  I  find,  how- 
ever, that  in  the  Allegations  of  Marriages  at 
Canterbury,  when,  in  1669,  he  was  about  to 
wed  the  widow  of  the  Third  Sir  Nicholas 
Bacon,  he  is  described  as  Sir  William  God- 
bold.  One  would  hardly  think  that  upon 
such  an  occasion  any  honourable  man 
would  assume  a  title  to  which  he  had  no 
right,  nor  would  the  Bodleian  Library  with- 
out good  reason  describe  him  thus  in  its 
printed  catalogues  of  manuscripts,  as  it  does' 
in  several  places. 

I  am  indebted  to  that  library  for  the 
information  contained  in  a  manuscript 
letter  which  I  transcribe  from  a  photo- 
graphic reproduction,  and  which  contains 
evidence  of  his  having  been  in  Italy  in  1654  : 
Rome  25th  July  1654. 

:or  newes,  we  haue  our  sceanes  here  as  well  as  you, 
many  jealousies,  the  markes  of  future  troubles,  stil 
more  great  ones  in  disgrace  ;  his  holinesse  <fc  the 

Spanyard  dayly  affronting  &  affronted,  ready  to  lay 

landes  to  sword,  florentines  &  Genoes  dispute  the 
greatnesse  of  theur  little  Commonwealths  :  in  short 

;his  age  is  active  in  all  parts.  The  23rd  Instant  at 
midnight  we  had  here  a  terrible  earthquake  ;  some 

louses  &  a  part  of  the  wall  of  this  place  is  falne, 
many  quitted  their  houses,  we  only  our  beds,  which 

vith  the  whole  fabrick  of  our  pallace  was  rocked  as 
a,  cradle,  which  put  vs  in  minde  of  our  Infancy  & 
caused  vs  to  wish  for  the  like  innocency :  God 

protect  &  deliver  vs  from  such  prodigies. 

W.  GODBOLD. 

It  would  be  interesting  to  learn  at  which 
Dalace  in  Rome  Godbold  was  staying,  and  if 
records  exist  of  this  earthquake,  for  they 
vould  confirm  the  authenticity  of  the  letter. 

Before  discovering  this  letter  I  was  in- 
clined to  consider  the  account  of  his  various 
oyages  somewhat  mythical,  in  spite  of  the 
mural  inscription  ;  but  since  it  partly  con- 
irms  them,  I  hope  it  may  lead  to  further 
ight  upon  his  travels. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  23,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


65 


Although  bearing   the    same   surname,    I 
do  not  claim  to  be  a  descendant  of  his,  but 
belong  to  a  collateral  branch  of  the  family. 
H.  J.  GODBOLD. 

6,  Loris  Road,  Hammersmith,  W. 

JEREMY   TAYLOR   AND   PETRONIUS.      (See 

11  S.  i.  466.) — In   '  A  Course  of  Sermons  for 
all  the  Sundays  of  the  Year,'  Summer  Half- 
year,   Serm.    xxiii.,   there    is    the    following 
anonymous  quotation  : — 

mendacium  in  damnum  potens. 

This  remains  unidentified  in  Eden's  edition 
of  Taylor's  works  (iv.  612).  The  words  are 
from  Petronius,  an  author  not  unfrequently 
quoted  by  Taylor  : — 

Hoc  ad  furta  compositus  Sinon 
Firmabat,  et  mendacium  in  damnum  potens. 

Petronius,  cap.  89,  vv.  13,  14  of  the  poem 
on  the  taking  of  Troy. 

The  right  reading  of  the  second  line,  as  in 
Buecheler's  text,  seems  to  be 

et  mens  semper  in  damnum  potens. 
which  spoils  the  application  in  Taylor. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 
Aberystwyth. 

ROYAL  TOMBS  AT  ST.  DENIS. — I  have 
before  me  an  interesting  pamphlet,  16  pp. 
8vo,  entitled,  '  Inventaire  ou  Denombrement 
tant  des  Corps  Saints  et  Tombeaux  des 
Hois,  qu'autres  Raretez  qui  se  voyent  en 
1'Eglise  de  S.  Denys,  hors  le  Thresor.' 
Other  than  "  A  Paris,"  it  has  no  imprint 
or  date  indication,  but  it  was  clearly  pub- 
lished about  1680,  as  "  Dans  le  Caveau  com- 
munes des  Ceremonies n  are  buried  three 
infant  daughters  of  the  King  (Louis  XIV.), 
and  the  last  important  interment  was  "  Hen- 
riette-Marie,  Reyne  d'Angleterre,  le  10 
Septembre,  1669." 

Prepared,  and  probably  sold,  by  the 
attendants  who  explained  the  monuments 
to  curious  visitors,  it  is  much  earlier  than 
anything  of  the  kind  issued  for  Westminster 
Abbey,  and  we  may  assume  that  either  the 
local  demand  was  sufficient,  or  the  numerous 
visitors  from  other  countries  justified  such 
enterprise.  The  date  is  about  forty  years 
later  than  John  Evelyn's  visit  ('Diary,' 

12  November,  1643),  but  a  great  many  of  the 
"  Raretez    qui    sont    dans    le    Choeur "    are 
described  by  him.     Unfortunately,  the  little 
guide    terminates    with    this     characteristic 
sentence  :    "  Ceux  qui  montreront  le  Thresor 
&  les  Tombeaux,  diront  le  reste  de  ce  que  les 
Curieux   veulent   S9avoir  " !  ;     so   we   cannot 
through  this  source  authenticate  the  marvels 


which  Evelyn  describes — the  "  large  gundola 
of  Chrysolite,"'  Solomon's  cup,  &c.  Very 
enthusiastic  and  full  are  the  notes  of  what  he 
saw,  and  we  can  believe  that  it  was  with 
much  satisfaction  that,  "having  rewarded 
our  courteous  fryer,  we  tooke  horse  for 
Paris  "  ;  and  I  like  to  think  he  brought 
away  a  copy  of  some  earlier  issue  of  this 
visitors'  guide  with  him. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

IRISH  SUPERSTITION  :  BOYS  IN  PETTI- 
COATS AND  FAIRIES. — Harper's  Magazine  for 
May  contains  an  article  on  the  Aran  Islands, 
in  which  is  the  following  passage  : — 

"  Little  boys,  until  they  are  ten  or  eleven,  dress 
in  long  petticoats  ;  nobody  knows  why." 

Possibly  an  explanation  may  be  found  in  a 
paragraph  which  appeared  in  The  Hospital 
in  1905  :— 

"  In  Connemara,  in  some  of  the  districts,  a 
nurse  has  met  with  boys  of  twelve  and  fourteen  in, 
petticoats.  The  mothers  insist  that  the  petticoats 
are  worn  to  prevent  the  fairies  from  taking  their 
boys,  but  the  common-sense  nurse  often  attributes 
the  custom  to  motives  of  economy." 

Even  if  the  nurse's  explanation  (which 
seems  somewhat  surprising  to  the  mere 
man)  were  correct  of  the  present  day,  it  is 
evident  that  the  belief  in  fairies  and  their 
habit  of  stealing  boys  must  have  existed  quite 
recently.  A  similar  superstition  seems  to 
exist  in  the  Far  East.  Thus  in  'The 
World's  Children,'  by  Menpes,  we  read  that  in 
China  the  mother  of  a  family 

*'  is  continually  occupied  with  trying  to  deceive 
these  evil  spirits  ;  and  if  there  is  only  one  boy 
in  the  family,  and  several  girls,  she  will  cunningly 
change  their  clothing  and  their  mode  of  dress, 
putting  the  girl's  dress  on  the  boy  and  the  boy's 
on  the  girl,  so  that  if  the  spirits  do  come  they 
may  take  one  of  the  girls  by  mistake." 

Readers  of  '  Kim  '  may  now  call  to  mind 
how  the  Jat  relates  all  that  had  been  done 
to  cure  his  sick  child  : — 

"  We  changed  his  name  when  the  fever  came. 
We  put  him  into  girl's  clothes." 

To  revert  to  Ireland.  A  man  who  stayed 
in  Galway  more  than  twenty  years  ago  told 
me  that  at  that  time  the  custom  in  question 
was  not  confined  to  Connemara,  as  he  used  to 
see  big  boys  in  petticoats  in  other  parts 
of  the  county  ;  he  had  not  inquired  the 
reason  of  the  dress. 

It  would  be  interesting  to  know  if  there 
are  any  traces  of  this  superstition  in  other 
parts  of  the  United  Kingdom.  I  presume 
that  it  has  no  connexion  with  the  genesis  of 
the  Highland  kilt.  G.  H.  WHITE. 

Lowestoft. 


66 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [n  s.  n.  JULY  a,  mo. 


"  VOTE    EARLY    AND    VOTE    OFTEN." This 

expression  occurs  in  1858.  Mr.  W.  P. 
Miles  of  South  Carolina  said  in  the  House  of 
Representatives  on  31  March  : — 

"  It  has  been  recently  told  me  that  not  long  ago, 
at  an  election  held  in  one  of  our  northern  cities, 
justly  considered  one  of  the  brightest  centers  of 
intelligence  and  refinement,  banners  were  openly 
displayed  with  this  inscription,  for  the  guidance  of 
the  popular  sovereignty,  upon  their  folds,  'Vote 
early  and  vote  often.' " — Appendix  to  '  The  Congres- 
sional Globe,'  35th  Congress,  1st  Session,  p.  286. 
RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

"OBSESS":  "OBSESSION." — This  is  an 
old  dictionary  word,  obsolete  for  centuries, 
but  I  venture  to  doubt  whether  it  was  ever 
used  by  Shakespeare,  Milton,  Scott,  Thacke- 
ray, or  Dickens.  Modern  journalists  have 
got  hold  of  it,  and  it  is  now  finding  its  way 
into  serial  fiction.  One  cannot  resist  a 
feeling  of  repugnance  whenever  it  occurs, 
as  at  an  unnecessary,  ostentatious,  and 
impertinent  intruder.  E.  M. 

[The  use  of  words  is  largely  a  matter  of  taste. 
Our  own  feeling  is  in  favour  of  "  obsession,"  and 
against  "obsess,"  to  which  we  should  prefer 
"  obsede,"  used  by  R.  L.  Stevenson.] 

"DISPENSE  BAR." — I  note  that  one  of 
the  compartments  in  a  Brighton  hotel  is 
labelled  "  Dispense  Bar,"  and  presumably 
it  is  used  for  service  to  the  waiters.  The 
name,  however,  is  a  striking  instance  of 
survival,  for  one  of  the  three  meanings  of 
"  dispense  "  as  a  substantive  given  in  the 
'  N.E.D.'  is  "  A  place  where  provisions  are 
kept  ;  a  storeroom,  pantry,  or  cellar  "  ;  and 
an  illustrative  quotation  of  1622  mentions 
"  a  little  Dispense,  or  Pantrie." 

A.  F.  R. 

DALMATIAN  NIGHT  SPECTRES. — Popular 
imagination  in  Croatia  and  the  neighbour- 
ing country  of  Dalmatia  has  evolved  a  series 
of  nocturnal  monsters  with  singular  names. 
I  do  not  remember  hearing  of  the  following, 
which  I  have  just  come  across  in  a  Servian 
passage  in  a  Slavonic  reading-book.  Some 
of  them  suggest  the  '  Arabian  Nights.' 

The  orcho  marin  is  a  sea-monster,  at  home 
on  land,  which  can  assume  any  shape  at 
will,  attain  a  huge  size,  and  travel  at  great 
speed.  The  mora  is  a  fearsome  creature 
which  can  assume  any  shape,  and  goes 
about  at  night  killing  the  servants.  The 
maninyovo  resembles  the  orcho  marin.  The 
mitsitch  is  a  familiar  spectre.  The  tentsima 
frightens  children,  and  haunts  dark  spots. 
The  vukodlatsy  appear  during  grape  harvest. 


They  can  change  shape,  and  generally  re- 
semble ragamuffins  with  sacks  on  their 
shoulders,  going  round  at  night  to  steal 
grapes.  The  last  name  recalls  the  better- 
known  vourdalak,  vampire  (e.g.,  in  A.  S. 
Pushkin's  songs  of  the  Southern  Slavs), 
discussed  long  ago  in  '  N.  &  Q.J 

FRANCIS  P.  MARCHANT. 
Streatham  Common. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


GENERAL  HAUG. — I  shall  be  much  obliged 
if  any  of  your  readers  can  give  me  infor- 
mation about  General  Haug,  who  fought 
in  the  defence  of  Rome,  1849,  and  again 
under  Garibaldi  in  1866.  Between  those 
dates  he  took  part  in  various  campaigns 
on  both  sides  of  the  Atlantic,  especially 
distinguishing  himself  in  the  Polish  revolu- 
tion, at  which  time  he  went  by  the  name  of 
Bossack.  I  have  an  impression  that  he 
was  connected  with  the  family  of  the  Counts 
of  Erbach,  but  I  have  been  unable  to  verify 
this.  There  may  exist  a  biography  in 
German.  E.  MARTINENGO-CESARESCO. 

Sale,  Lago  di  Garda. 

ST.  LEODEGARIUS  AND  THE  ST.  LEGER 
STAKES. — I  should  be  glad  to  be  referred 
to  some  account  of  the  history  of  the  con- 
nexion of  the  saint  with  the  race  at  Don- 
caster  which  bears  his  name.  The  histories 
of  Doncaster  mention  the  last  week  of 
September  as  the  date  of  the  races,  and  St. 
Leger's  day  is  2  October  ;  but  late  in  the 
eighteenth  century  the  race  would  hardly 
have  got  its  name  from  the  saint  except 
for  some  special  reason.  I  do  not  know 
where  to  look  for  the  reason. 

JOHN  R.  MAGRATH. 

Queen's  College,  Oxford. 

'  JANE  SHORE.' — I  shall  be  greatly  obliged 
if  any  reader  can  favour  me  with  information 
regarding  the  authoress  of  this  old  novel : — 

"Jane  Shore;  or,  The  Goldsmith's  Wife.  An 
Historical  Tale.  By  the  Authoress  of  '  The  Jew's 
Daughter,'  'The  Canadian  Girl,'  etc.  [720  pp.]. 
London  :  John  Bennett,  Junr.,  9,  Newgate  Street, 
1836.  8vo." 

It  has  an  engraved  frontispiece,  portrait  of 
Jane  Shore,  and  other  steel  plates,  by  W. 
Watkins.  HENRY  T.  FOLKARD. 

Wigan  Public  Libraries. 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  23, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


67 


"THE  HOLY  CHOWS,"  LISBON. — Can  any 
one  indicate  a  truthful  history  of  the  "  holy 
crows  "  which  were  kept  with  great  venera- 
tion at  the  Cathedral  of  Lisbon  in  1787  ? 

In  1834  Richard  Bentley  of  New  Burling- 
ton Street  published  "  Italy  ;  with  Sketches 
of  Spain  and  Portugal,  by  the  Author  of 
*  Vathek,' "  who  was,  it  need  hardly  be 
said,  William  Beckford.  The  two  volumes 
of  which  the  work  is  composed  are  made 
up  of  a  series  of  letters.  The  passages  we 
are  about  to  quote  from  vol.  ii.  occur  in  a 
letter  dated  8  November,  1787.  They 
indicate  that  some  Portuguese  believed  that 
these  birds  had  a  miraculously  prolonged 
existence,  and  that  they  were  deeply 
venerated  by  every  one.  Can  any  one  point 
out  when  they  were  first  introduced  into  the 
Cathedral  of  Lisbon,  and  how  long  their 
descendants  remained  there  ?  So  many 
changes  have  happened  between  the  period 
when  Beckford  wrote  and  to-day  that  it  is 
scarcely  probable  that  their  successors 
inhabit  the  cathedral  at  the  present,  though 
if  they  do  we  should  like  to  hear  of  it. 
Are  there  instances  of  birds  or  mammals 
being  kept  in  this  fashion  in  other  parts  of 
Europe,  or  of  the  world  in  general  ?  If  it 
be  so,  how  are  they  regarded  from  a  folk- 
lore point  of  view  ? 

Beckford,  leaving  another  subject,  re- 
marks : — 

*'  All  this  is  admirable  ;  but  nothing  in  comparison 
with  some  stories  about  certain  holy  crows.  '  The 
very  birds  are  in  being,'  said  the  sacristan. 

What!'  answered  I,  'the  individual  crows  who 
attended  St.  Vincent?'  'Not  exactly,'  was  the 
reply  (in  a  whisper,  intended  for  my  private  ear) ; 

but  their  immediate  descendants.'" 

A  note  added  at  a  later  date  states  : — 

"  At  the  time  I  wrote  this,  half  Lisbon  believed 
in  the  individuality  of  the  crows,  and  the  other 
half  prudently  concealed  their  scepticism."— P.  203. 

"At  length,  however  all  this  tasting  and  praising 

haying  been  gone  through  with  we  set  forth  on  the 

wings  of  holiness,  to  pay  our  devoirs  to  the  holy 

rows.    A  certain  sum  having  been  allotted,  time 

onal,  for  the  maintenance  of  two  birds  of 

118    species,    we    found    them    very   comfortably 

ished  in  a  recess  of  a  cloister  adjoining  the 

cathedral,  well  fed,  and  certainly  most  devoutly 

venerated. 

"£he  origin  of  this  singular  custom  dates  as  high 
the  days  of  St.  Vincent,  who  was  martyrized 
near  the  Cape  which  bears  his  name,  and  whose 
nangled  body  was  conveyed  to  Lisbon  in  a  boat 
attended  by  crows.  These  disinterested  birds, 
liter  seeing  it  decently  interred,  pursued  his 
murderers  with  dreadful  screams  and  tore  their 
eyes  out.  The  boat  and  the  crows  are  painted  or 
sculptured  m  every  corner  of  the  cathedral,  and 


upon  several  tablets  appears  emblazoned  an  end- 
less record  of  their  penetration  in  the  discovery  of 
criminals. 

"  It  was  growing  late  when  we  arrived,  and  their 
feathered  sanctities  were  gone  quietly  to  roost ;  but 
the  sacristans  in  waiting,  the  moment  they  saw  us 
approach,  officiously  roused  them.  Oh,  how  plump 
and  sleek  and  glossy  they  are  !  My  admiration  of 
their  size,  their  plumage,  and  their  deep-toned 
crpakings  carried  me,  I  fear,  beyond  the  bounds  of 
saintly  decorum.  I  was  just  stretching  out  my 
hand  to  stroke  their  feathers,  when  the  missionary 
checked  me  with  a  solemn  forbidding  look.  The 
rest  of  the  company,  aware  of  the  proper  cere- 
monial, kept  a  respectful  distance  whilst  the 
sacristan  and  a  toothless  priest,  almost  bent  double 
with  age,  communicated  a  long  string  of  miraculous 
anecdotes  concerning  the  present  hcly  crows,  their 
immediate  predecessors,  and  other  holy  crows  of 
the  old  time  before  them.  To  all  these  super- 
marvellous  narrations,  the  missionary  appeared  to 
listen  with  implicit  faith,  and  never  opened  his  lips 
during  the  time  we  remained  in  the  cloister,  except 
to  enforce  our  veneration  and  exclaim  with  pious 
composure,  '  honrado  com?.' " — Pp.  207,  208,  209. 

Do  the  Corvidse  breed  in  captivity  ? 

N.  M.  &  A. 

BEN  JONSON. — Will  some  one  kindly  give 
me  the  correct  interpretation  of  the  italicized 
words  in  the  three  following  quotations  from 
Ben  Jonson  ? — 

"We  have  the  dullest,  most  imbored  ears  for 
verse  amongst  our  females.'' — '  Staple  of  News,' 
II.  i. 

"  If  you  would  be  contented  to  endure  a  sliding 
reprehension  at  my  hands." — '  Magnetic  Lady,'  I.  i. 

"  Strummel-patch'd,  goggled-eyed  grumbledories." 
— 'Every  Man  out  of  his  Humour,'  v.  4. 

The  usual  interpretation  of  "  strummel " 
does  not  seem  to  go  comfortably  with 
"patch'd.'r  M.  E. 

CHARLES  GORDON,  PUBLISHER.  —  Mrs. 
Fyvie  Mayo  in  her  new  book  of  recollections 
makes  several  references  to  Mr.  Charles 
Gordon,  a  publisher  of  Paternoster  Row. 
He  had  also  a  nephew  in  the  publishing  line. 
I  have  made  various  inquiries  as  to  the 
identity  of  this  publisher,  but  have  failed 
to  find  any  facts  about  him.  Can  any 
reader  tell  me  who  he  was  and  when  he  died  ? 
J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

118,  Pall  Mall,  S.W. 

AMERICAN  WORDS  AND  PHRASES.  (Con- 
tinued from  10  S.  xi.  469  ;  xii.  107.) 

Magooffer  (1795).— Some  kind  of  turtle  or  tortoise, 

apparently,  on  the  back  of  which  a  fire  might  be 

kindled. 
Mendoza  (1830).— "A  Mendoza  under  the  chin," 

with  allusion  to  the  Hebrew  pugilist. 
Mistake    one's    man    (1794). — Is    there   an    earlier 

instance  ? 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  u.  JULY  23, 1910. 


Moeock  (10  S.  viii.  107).— This  is  a  birch-bark  basket 
or  pannier.  The  word  occurs  as  early  as  1827. 

Mud-wasp  (1824). — Is  this  creature  separately  re- 
cognized by  entomologists  ? 

Mung  news  (1844).  —False  news  (?).  Earlier 
examples  ? 

Nail-driver  (1872). — A  rapid  horse. 

Pikery  (1878,  Mrs.  IS  to  we).— Something  bitter ;  but 
what  ? 

Place  (1855).— To  place  a  person  is  to  identify  him. 
Scantily  noticed  in  'N.E.D.' 

Plug-muss  (1857).— An  uncommonly  lively  "row." 
Earlier  examples? 

Pot  and  can  (1789). — Hand  in  glove. 

Powder- falbin  (1861). — Some  kind  of  root. 

Preach  a  funeral  (1851). — Earlier  examples? 

Prex,  a  college  president  (1828).— Ditto. 

Prickly  heat  (1830).— Ditto. 

Priming,  no  part  of  a  (1833).— Ditto. 

Propaganda  (1800).— The  '  N,E.D.'  gives  no  early 
example  ;  but  surely  the  term  was  used  in  Eng- 
land in  the  18th  century  with  reference  to  political 
and  other  opinions. 

RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 
36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

ELIZABETHAN  LICENCE  TO  EAT  FLESH. — 
I  shall  be  grateful  if  any  correspondent  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  will  say  what  the  statute  of 
5  Elizabeth  is  which  is  referred  to  below. 
The  extract  is  from  the  Penshurst  register, 
and  I  have  seen  a  similar  entry  in  the 
register  of  Sandhurst  Church,  Kent,  signed 
or  witnessed  by  the  curate  of  the  parish. 
The  two  entries  are  of  about  the  same 
date  : — 

**  Mem :  that  Sir  John  Rivers  and  his  Lady, 
bryng'  certificate  from  Paul  Dane,  Physician,  of 
their  indisposition  of  body,  and  so  of  hurt  that 
might  come  to  them  by  eating  of  fish  in  time  of 
Lent,  had  licence  given  them  to  eate  flesh  by  me 

Henry  Hammond of  Penshurst  for  the  space  of 

eight  days statute  Eliz.  5th  which  time  now 

desire  to  have  it  renewed,  which  of registered 

it,  in  the  presence  of " 

Dr.  Henry  Hammond  became  Rector  of 
Penshurst  in  1633.  A.  L.  F. 

PRINCE  BISHOP  OF  BASLE,  1790. — Can 
any  one  tell  me  if  the  Prince  Bishop  of 
Basle  in  1790-92  was  a  Roman  Catholic  or 
Lutheran  ?  I  know  he  had  a  residence  at 
Arlesheim  at  that  date,  but  am  not  sure  if  his 
palace  at  Basle  had  been  given  up.  I  should 
also  like  to  know  his  name. 

•     MILDRED  HINDE. 

Heathcote,  Wellington  College,  Berks. 

EGERTON  LEIGH  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School,  19  June,  1771.  Particulars 
of  his  parentage  and  the  date  of  his  death 
are  wanted.  He  must  surely  have  been 
one  of  the  Leighs  of  West  Hall,  High  Leigh, 
but  I  cannot  find  him  in  my  edition 
of  Burke's  '  Landed  Gentry. * 

G.  F.  R.  B. 


FRANCIS  PECK,  son  of  Francis  Peck  of 
Hythe,  Kent,  was  elected  from  Westminster 
to  a  scholarship  at  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, in  1706.  He  was  admitted  to 
Trinity  as  a  pensioner  28  May,  1706,  and  as 
scholar  25  April,  1707  ;  he  graduated  B.A. 
1709,  and  M.A.  1713.  I  should  be  glad  to 
know  any  further  particulars  of  his  career 
and  the  date  of  his  death. 

I  ought  perhaps  to  add  that  this  Francis 
Peck  is  not  the  antiquary  of  that  name,, 
with  whom  he  is  confused  by  the  writer  of 
the  article  in  the  '  Diet,  of  Nat.  Biog.'  (xliv. 
184).  The  antiquary,  who  was  educated  at 
the  Charterhouse  and  St.  John's  College,. 
Cambridge,  graduated  B.A.  1715,  and  M.A. 
1727.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

'  REVERBERATIONS.' — I  have  a  volume  of 
short  poems  with  this  title  which  belonged 
to  the  late  William  Davies  of  Warrington,  the 
author  of  '  The  Pilgrimage  of  the  Tiber  * 
and  other  works.  It  has  his  name  and  the 
date  1853  written  on  the  top  of  the  title,. 
and  contains  many  notes  and  verbal  correc- 
tions by  him.  It  is  in  two  parts  :  Part  I.. 
pp.  IV,  68  ;  Part  II.  pp.  IV,  108,  12mo, 
1849.  It  has  been  somewhere  stated,  I 
believe,  but  with  what  authority  I  do  not 
know,  that  William  Davies  had  intimate- 
relations  with  D.  G.  Rossetti  and  his  circle. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  say  who  is  the 
author  of  these  poems  ?  He  was  evidently 
deeply  imbued  with  Saga  lore. 

WM.  NEXON. 
Heaton,  Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

EAST  INDIA  COMPANY'S  MARINE  SERVICE.. 
— I  shall  be  glad  if  some  reader  will  oblige 
me  with  the  name  of  the  author  of  a  bio- 
graphy (or  autobiography)  which  gives  a 
spirited  account  of  an  officer's  adventures  in 
the  East  India  Company's  marine  service- 
against  French  privateers,  Arab  pirates,  &c. 

A.  E.  DENHAM. 

92,  Clarence  Road,  Wimbledon. 

MRS.  FITZHERBERT'S  SALE.  —  Mrs.  Fitz- 
herbert  died  at  Brighton  in  March,  1837, 
and  a  sale  of  her  effects  took  place  there 
soon  after.  I  shall  be  glad  to  know  if  there 
is  a  catalogue  in  existence.  A.  H.  S. 

WINDSOR  STATIONM  ASTER.  —  Can  any 
reader  remember  the  name  of  the  G.W.R. 
stationmaster  at  Windsor  towards  the  end 
of  the  seventies  ?  Having  quarrelled  with 
his  company,  he  resigned  his  position,  and 
published  some  amusing  reminiscences, 
which  I  should  like  to  read  again. 

L.  L.  !rv. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  23,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


69 


"  SEERSUCKER  "  COAT. — In  a  recent  nove 
by  an  American  writer  "  in  a  seersucker 
coat "'  occurs  thrice  in  the  first  twelve 
pages,  and  it  is  recorded  as  an  East  Indian 
material  in  'The  Century  Dictionary.' 
'  Hobson-  Jobson  '  makes  no  mention  of  it, 
and  I  ask  its  origin.  Can  the  latter  part  of 
the  word  be  a  corruption  of  shikar  ? 

H.  P.  L. 

WARREN  AND  WALLER  FAMILIES. — In 
Burke's  'Landed  Gentry  l  it  is  stated  that 
the  family  of  Waller  of  Cully  and  Finoe,  co. 
Tipperary,  is  a  branch  of  the  Warrens  of 
Poynton,  co.  Chester,  and  that  one  William 
Warren,  alias  Waller,  of  Bassingbourne, 
co.  Cambridge,  and  of  Ashwell,  co.  Herts 
assumed  the  name  of  Waller,  probably  from 
an  intermarriage  with  an  heiress  of  the  Waller 
family.  Any  information  on  the  subject 
will  be  welcomed.  The  Wallers  of  Cully 
and  Finoe  bear  the  Warren  and  Waller  arms 
quarterly.  The  Wallers  of  Prior  Park,  co. 
Tipperary,  use  the  Warren  arms  only. 

EGYPTIAN  LITERARY  ASSOCIATION. — In 
'  Nouvelles  Annales  des  Voyages,'  Paris, 
1845,  tome  ii.,  it  is  stated  that 
"lasociete  litteraire  d'Egypte  (Egyptian  Literary 
Association)  a  public  le  premier  volume  de  ses 
Memoires,  sous  le  titre  de  *  Miscellanea  ^Egyptiaca,' 
tome  ler,  premiere  partie." 

Prince  Ibrahim-Hilmy,  in  his  '  Literature 
of  Egypt,'  vol.  ii.,  1888,  p.  438,  has  this 
entry  : — 

"  Miscellanea  ^Egyptiaca  de  1' Association  Litte- 
raire d'Egypte.  Anno  1842vVol.  I,  part  1,  pp.  20, 125. 
Alexandria,  1842.  4to.  [No  more  published.]" 

Where  can  I  find  any  information  about 
this  Association  ?  And  where  can  a  copy 
of  the  '  Miscellanea  '  be  seen  ? 

FREDK.  A.  EDWARDS. 

39,  Agate  Road,  Hammersmith,  W. 

JOHN  BROOKE,  FIFTEENTH-CENTURY  BAR- 
RISTER.— John  Brooke,  a  barrister  and 
bencher  of  the  Middle  Temple,  was  Treasurer 
of  that  Inn  of  Court  from  1501  to  1504. 

There  was  also  a  contemporary  John 
Brooke  who  became  a  serjeant-at-law  and  a 
judge.  It  is  not  known  to  which  Inn  of 
Court  he  belonged,  or  when  he  was  made 
serjeant,  but  he  died  in  1522.  He  was  a 
Somersetshire  man,  his  pedigree  being  given 
in  the  Visitations  for  that  county,  and  he 
was  buried  at  St.  Mary  Redcliffe  Church, 
Bristol. 

Can  any  one  kindly  tell  me  to  which  Inn 
of  Court  Serjeant  Brooke  belonged  ?  If  the 
Middle  Temple,  the  two  John  Brookes  are 


possibly   the   same.     I   may   say   I   am   ac- 
quainted  with   the  printed   records   of   the 
various  Inns  of  Court.        B.  WHITEHEAD. 
2,  Garden  Court,  Temple. 

J.  FABER. — Who  was  this  artist  ?  His 
name  appears  below  a  portrait  of  my  great 
grandfather,  the  late  William  Rutter, 
formerly  of  Hull  and  Heligoland.  Ihe 
signature  is  followed  by  the  words  and  figures 
—"fee.  1814,  Heligo-land." 

ALFRED  ANSCOMBE. 

THOMPSON,  ROYAL  ACADEMICIAN. — In- 
formation about  him  is  desired — Christian 
name,  dates  of  birth  and  death.  He  painted 
the  portraits  of  three  members  of  the  family 
of  Mr.  James  Sykes  about  1793.  «*.« 

JOHN  PAKENHAM  STILWELL. 
Hilfield,  Yateley. 


lieplus* 

CLERGY    RETIRING    FROM    THE 
DINNER    TABLE. 

(11  S.  ii.  9.) 

SEE  the  annotated  edition  of  '  Esmond  '  in 
Macmillan's  "  English  Classics,"  1903,  p.  405, 
and  the  admirable  edition  by  T.  C.  and  W. 
Snow,  Oxford,  1909,  p.  470,  and  Index, 
s.v.  '  Clergy.'  It  was  not  the  clergy  in 
general,  but  the  private  chaplains,  that  were 
exposed  to  this  indignity. 

In  the   '  Satires  l   (ii.   6)  of  Joseph  Hall, 
1597,  we  read  : — 

A  gentle  squire  would  gladly  entertaine 
Into  his  house  some  trencher-chaplaine : 
Some  willing  man  that  might  instruct  his  sons, 
And  that  would  stand  to  good  conditions. 
First,  that  he  lie  upon  the  truckle-bed, 
Whiles  his  young  maister  lieth  o  'er  his  head. 
Second,  that  he  do,  on  no  default, 
Ever  presume  to  sit  above  the  salt. 
Third,  that  he  never  change  his  trencher  twise. 
Fourth,  that  he  use  all  common  courtesies ; 
•sit  beare  at  meales,  and  one  halfe  rise  and  wait. 
Last,  that  he  never  his  young  maister  beat, 
But  he  must  ask  his  mother  to  define 
How  many  jerkes  she  would  his  breech  should  line. 
All  these  observ'd,  he  could  contented  bee, 
To  give  five  markes  and  winter  liverie. 

I  have  copied  the  poem  from  Anderson's 
'  British  Poets,"  only  substituting  she  for 
he  in  the  last  line  but  two.  Of  course  it 
was  the  mother  who  was  to  decide  on  the 
number  of  jerks  (strokes,  lashes)  the  de- 
inquent  should  receive  in  each  case.  Prof. 
H.  V.  Routh  (in  the  '  Cambridge  History  of 
English  Literature,'  iv.  330)  calls  this  mock 
advertisement  the  most  perfect  piece  of 
workmanship  in  Hall's  '  Satires.' 


70 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  JULY  23, 1910. 


John  Oldham  (1653-83)  in  'A  Satire 
addressed  to  a  Friend  that  is  about  to  leave 
the  University  '  says  : — 

Some  think  themselves  exalted  to  the  sky, 

If  they  light  in  some  noble  family  ; 

Diet,  a  horse,  and  thirty  pounds  a  year, 

Besides  the  advantage  of  his  lordship's  ear, 

The  credit  of  the  business,  and  the  state, 

Are  things  that  in  a  youngster's  ears  sound  great. 

Little  the  inexperienced  wretch  does  know 

What  slavery  he  oft  must  undergo, 

Who,  though  in  silken  scarf  and  cassock  dressed, 

Wears  but  a  gayer  livery  at  best ; 

When  dinner  calls,  the  implement  must  wait, 

WTith  holy  words  to  consecrate  the  meat, 

But  hold  it  for  a  favour  seldom  known, 

If  he  be  deigned  the  honour  to  sit  down. 

Soon  as  the  tarts  appear,  Sir  Crape,  withdraw  ! 

Those  dainties  are  not  for  a  spiritual  maw  ; 

Observe  your  distance,  and  be  sure  to  stand 

Hard  by  the  cistern  with  your  cap  in  hand  : 

There  for  diversion  you  may  pick  your  teeth. 

Till  the  kind  voider  conies  lor  your  relief. 

Tor  mere  board  wages  such  their  freedom  sell, 

Slaves  to  an  hour  and  vassals  to  a  bell ; 

And  if  the  enjoyment  of  one  day  be  stole, 

They  are  but  prisoners  out  upon  parole ; 

Always  the  marks  of  slavery  remain, 

And  they,  though  loose,  still  drag  about  their  chain  < 

See  Oldham' s  '  Poetical  Works,'  edited  by 
B.  Bell  1854,  pp.  223-5.  The  editor 
explains  "voider  "  as  "the  basket,  or  tray, 
used  for  carrying  away  the  relics  of  the 
dinner." 

Macaulay,  'History/  i.  160,  161  (Popular 
Edition),  refers  to  The  Tatler,  Nos.  255,  258. 
He  is  wrong,  by  the  way,  in  saying  (at  the 
same  place)  that  Corusodes  in  Swift's  '  Essay 
on  the  Fates  of  Clergymen  '  has  to  take  up 
with  a  cast-off  mistress.  Swift  says  :  "He 
married  a  Citizen's  widow,  who  taught  him 
to  put  out  small  sums  at  ten  per  cent." 

L.  R.  M.  STRACHAN. 

Heidelberg. 

The  alleged  custom  of  the  clergy  retiring 
before  the  sweets  has  no  recondite  signi- 
ficance, and  has  nothing  to  do  with  bishops 
and  archbishops,  who,  as  Thackeray  elsewhere 
says,  used  to  be  noted  for  the  excellence  of 
their  dinners.  Macaulay  alleges  the  custom, 
and  gives  three  authorities  in  support  of  his 
statement — Eachard,  Oldham,  and  The 
Tatler.  The  passages  clearly  prove  that 
some  private  chaplains  had  to  retire  before 
the  sweets,  and  Macaulay,  more  suo,  by  a 
brilliant  leap  from  the  particular  to  the 
general,  predicates  the  custom  of  all  clergy. 
But  the  custom,  such  as  it  was,  had  no 
mystic  significance.  It  was  pure  stinginess. 

W.  A.  H. 

"  We  may  guess  the  customary  nature  of  the  talk 
or  the  songs  after  dinner  when  we  find  that, 


in  great  houses,  the  Chaplain  was  expected  to  retire 
with  the  ladies." — 'History  of  England,'  by  Lord 
Mahon  [Stanhope],  7  vols.,  1854,  vol.  vii.  p.  479. 


No  authority  is  cited. 


G.  W. 


THE  EDWARDS,  KINGS  OF  ENGLAND 
(11  S.  i.  501  ;  ii.  31). — I  apologize  for  my 
carelessness,  and  admit  that  SIB  HERBERT 
MAXWELL  is  right  in  objecting  to  the  sentence 
in  my  note  in  reference  to  Edward  the  Elder. 
It  would,  of  course,  have  been  more  exact 
had  I  written  that  he  was  the  first  chosen  by 
the  kings  of  Britain  ' '  for  father  and  for 
lord,"  as  the  '  Anglo-Saxon  Chronicle ' 
expresses  it.  A.  S.  ELLIS. 

Westminster. 

THE  PRINCES  OF  WALES  (US.  ii.  21).— 
I  venture  to  send  a  few  corrections  of 
some  errors  contained  in  The  Daily  Telegraph 
list  reproduced  at  the  above  reference. 

Edward  II.  of  Carnarvon.— Succeeded  to  the  crown 

1307,   murdered  1327.    Created  Prince  of  Wales 

and  Earl  of  Chester,  7  Feb.,  1301,  at  the  famous 

Lincoln  Parliament. 
Edward  III.  of  Windsor. — Summoned  to  Parliament 

as  Earl  of  Chester,  but  never  bore  the  title  of 

Prince  of  Wales. 
Richard  II.  of  Bordeaux  (1367-1400).— Succeeded  to 

the  crown  1377. 
Edward  V.  of  the  Sanctuary  (1470-83).—  Eldest  sou 

of    Edward  IV.     Created  Prince    of    Wales    on 

26  June,  1471.     Succeeded  to  the  crown  9  April, 

1483. 
Edward  of  Middleham  (1476-84). -Created  Prince 

of  Wales  8  September,  1483.     Died  9  April,  1484, 

at  Middleham  Castle. 
Henry  VIII.   of  Greenwich   (1491-1547).— Created 

Prince  of  Wales  18  February,  1503. 
Mary  I.  (1516-58).— In  1525  styled  Princess  of  Wales. 

Two  years  earlier  Linacre,  when  dedicating  his 

'  Rudiments '  to  Mary,  had  addressed  her  as  Prin- 
cess of  Cornwall  and  Wales. 
Henry  Frederick  of  Stirling  (1594-1612).— Created 

Prince  of  Wales  4  June,  1610. 
Charles  I.  of  Dunfermline  (1600-49).— Created  Prince 

of  Wales  3  November,  1616. 
Charles  II.  of  St.  James's  (1630-85).— About  1638  an 

establishment  was  provided  for  him  as  Prince  of 

Wales. 
James  Francis  Edward  of  St.  James's  (1688-1766).— 

Only  son  of  James  II.  by  Mary  of  Modena.    He  is 

styled  by  his  father  Prince  of  Wales  on  Monday, 

22  October,   1688,  in    the    Depositions  made  in 

Council  concerning  his  birth. 
George  Augustus  II.  of  Herrenhausen  (1683-1760).— 

Created  Prince  of  Wales  27  September,  1714. 
Frederick    Louis  of   Hanover   (1707-51).— Created 

Prince  of  Wales  9  January,  1729. 
George  William  Frederick  III.  (1738-1820).— Born 

in  Norfolk  House,  St.  James's  Square,  London. 

Created  Prince  of  Wales  19  April,  1751. 
George  Augustus  Frederick  IV.  of  St.  James's  (1762- 

1830). —Created  Prince  of  Wales  17  August,  1762. 
A.  R.  BAYLEY. 


n  B.  ii.  JULY  23,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


71 


There  are  two  slight  errors  in  the  list 
reprinted  from  The  Daily  Telegraph. 

Under  the  first  name  it  is  stated  ' '  Became 
Edward  II.  in  1327."  The  date  should  be 
1307.  Oddly  enough,  the  opposite  mistake 
is  made  in  Low  and  Pulling' s  *  Dictionary 
of  English  History,'  1884,  s.v.  Edward  II.  : 
"It  is  generally  accepted  that  he  was 
secretly  murdered  in  Berkeley  Castle  on 
Sept.  21,  1307,"  instead  of  1327.  In  Haydn's 
*  Dictionary  of  Dates  ?  the  first  Prince  of 
Wales  is  divided  into  two,  there  being 
entries  for  "  Edward  Plantagenet  (afterwards 
king  Edward  II.)  "  under  1284,  and  "  Edward 
of  Carnarvon  made  prince  of  Wales  and  earl 
of  Chester  n  under  1301. 

The    second    error    is    under    the    name 

Edward  of  the  Sanctuary  (1470-83),  who  is 

stated  to  be  "  son  of  Edward  V."  instead  of 

"  son  of  Edward  IV.,  afterwafds  Edward  V.n 

W.  R.  B.  PBIDEAUX. 

ARABIAN  HORSES  IN  PRE -MOHAMMED AN 
DAYS  (11  S.  i.  421,  515).— MR.  ST.  CLAIR 
BADDELEY,  quoting  from  a  foreign  journal 
the  statement  that  horses  were  rare  among 
the  pre -Mohammedan  Arabs,  and  that  the 
camel  was  their  chief  means  of  locomotion, 
adds  that  this  would  involve  the  conclusion 
that  battles  among  the  tribes  were  fought 
exclusively  on  foot  or  on  camel-back. 
The  reply  is  simple,  and  is  given  by  Sir 
Charles  Lyall  in  the  Introduction  to  his 
'  Translations  of  Ancient  Arabian  Poetry,* 
p.  xxv.  When  men  went  on  an  expedition, 
they  rode  camels,  and  led  their  mares  along- 
side until  they  arrived  at  the  place  of  action, 
when  they  mounted  the  latter.  There  are 
few  poems  of  pre-Islamitic  times  in  which 
some  reference  is  not  made  to  the  war- 
horse.  For  instance,  in  the  great  war  of 
Al-Basus,  which  took  place  some  seventy 
years  before  Mohammed's  birth,  when  the 
wrath  of  the  heroic  Al-Harith  was  kindled  by 
the  death  of  his  son  Bujair,  he  at  once  gave 
orders  to  prepare  for  war,  and  cried  out : — 
Tie  close  by  my  tent  An-Na'amah,  my  war-mare— 
Y  ears  long  was  War  barren,  now  fruitful  her  womb. 

The  same  custom  prevails  to  this  day  in 
Abyssinia,  where  many  of  the  customs  of  the 
old  pre-Islamitic  Semites  survive,  the  only 
difference  being  that  the  mule  is  used  for 
riding  to  the  scene  of  war,  instead  of  the 
camel.  Every  warrior  has  his  charger  led 
alongside,  to  be  mounted  at  the  first  sign 
of  the  enemy.  When  travelling  through 
Abyssinia  many  years  ago,  my  companions 
and  I  were  compelled  to  follow  this  custom, 
the  horses  which  were  presented  to  us  by 


King  Theodore  being  never  used  on  the 
march,  but  only  for  an  evening  ride  after  we 
had  reached  our  camp. 

The  horse,  as  Sir  Charles  Lyall  points  out, 
was  a  rare  and  costly  possession  among  the 
early  Arabs,  who  employed  it  not  only  for 
military  purposes,  but  also  for  their  favourite 
pastime  of  horse-racing.  This  did  not 
cease  with  Al -Islam,  although  the  general 

Erohibition  against  games  of  chance  uttered 
y  the  Prophet  was  unfavourable  to  its 
continuance.  The  horses  were  run,  as  at 
Rome  in  the  Corso,  without  riders  ;  the 
usual  number  was  ten,  though  matches  were 
sometimes  made  up  (as  in  the  famous  race  of 
Dahis  and  Al-Ghabra,  which  gave  rise  to  a 
desolating  war)  with  smaller  numbers  ;  and 
the  ten  horses  received  special  names  accord- 
ing to  the  order  in  which  they  came  in 
(Lyall,  o.c.,  p.  19).  W.  F.  PRIDEATJX. 

Youatt — I  know  not  on  what  authority — 
states  that  among  the  articles  exported  from 
Egypt  to  Arabia  at  the  end  of  the  second 
century  were  horses  ;  also,  that  in  the  fourth 
century  200  Cappadocian  horses  were  sent 
by  a  Roman  emperor  as  the  most  acceptable 
present  he  could  offer  to  a  powerful  prince  of 
Arabia.  Youatt  further  adds  that  as  late  as 
the  seventh  century  the  Arabs  had  few 
horses,  and  those  of  little  value. 

GALFRID  K.  CONGREVE. 

Vermilion,  Alberta,  Canada. 

"  DENIZEN  ??  :  "  FOREIGN  "  (11  S.  i.  506). 
— The  assumption  by  PROF.  SKEAT  and  the 
'N.E.D.1  that  "denizen"  represents  L. 
de-intus,  Anglo-French  deinz  (modern  Fr. 
dans),  seems  to  me  untenable.  The  forms 
deinzein,  denzien,  point  to  a  very  different 
source.  In  the  Occitanian  dialects  of 
Southern  France  there  are  deinicha,  deinia, 
variants  from  the  Provencal  form  of  the  verb 
desnisa,  to  leave  the  nest,  to  leave  one's 
country ;  and  se  desnisat  se  denia,  is  to 
change  nests.  It  is  probable  that  desnisa 
was  originally  desniza,  since  in  the  sixteenth 
century  "  nest il  was  nizal  in  the  literary 
language  of  Toulouse. 

The  'N.E.D.*  under  the  verb  "  denize," 
to  make  a  denizen,  says  it  "probably  repre- 
sents an  A  Fr.  denizer  ;  in  med.  (Anglo-)  L. 
denizdre.™  But  the  clue,  obvious  to  any  one 
familiar  with  Provencal,  is  lost,  and  it  is 
assumed  that  the  verb  "  denize'*  is  *'f. 
Deniz-en,  by  dropping  the  termination." 
And  yet  the  quotations  under  "denize,'1 
though  of  later  date,  seem  to  show  that  its 
original  meaning  was  to  change  nests,  to 
acquire  a  settlement  in  another  country,  the 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  JULY  23, 1910. 


equivalent  sense  of  Prov.  se  desnisa  and  of 
Gr.  metoikeo.  "Denizen"  is  the  equivalent 
of  Fr.  meteque  and  of  Gr.  metoikos,  as  dis- 
tinguished from  citizen  and  from  foreigner. 

The  final  n  of  "  denizen,*'  instead  of  in- 
fluencing that  of  "  citizen,'*  as  has  been 
suggested,  was  more  probably  influenced  by 
the  ending  of  the  latter  word,  often 
associated  with  it,  as  in  "  citizen  or  denysen  " 
(1467)  ;  and  the  common  use  of  "  denizen  " 
as  a  verb,  according  to  the  custom  of  our 
language,  tends  to  show  that  "  to  denize  " 
was  the  originally  introduced  word,  whence 
"denizen,*'-  first  as  a  noun,  then  as  a  verb. 
If  the  word  had  come  in  as  a  noun,  the  verb 
would  have  been  formed  from  it  as  "  deny- 
senize,"  corresponding  to  "citizenize"  (1593). 

While  the  '  N.E.D.*  under  "  denizen  "  says 
"cf.  foreign,  forein,'2  the  conference  is  only 
in  regard  to  the1  termination  ein.  And  yet 
it  is  so  probable  that  "  foreign  "  is  a  word 
out  of  the  same  nest  as  "denizen"  that  I 
venture  to  add  the  evidence  it  affords  to  that 
which  I  have  brought  forward  in  regard  to  the 
latter  word.  The  '  N.E.D.'  cannot  go  back 
further  than  Mid.  L.  foraneus,  O.F.  forain, 
which  it  derives  from  L.  foras,  out  of  doors, 
as  it  derives  "denizen"-  from  (de-)  intus, 
indoors.  I  consider  that  both  these  deriva- 
tions are  wrong,  and  that  both  words  have 
a  common  source  in  L.  nidus,  Prov.  nizal, 
nis.  Just  as  "  denizen '*  is  derived  from 
desnisa,  to  change  nests,  so  "  foreign "  is 
derived  from  foronisa,  to  leave  the  nest ; 
whence  enforonisa,  to  turn  out  of  the  nest  ; 
enfourniau,  a  fledgeling  taken  from  the  nest : 

E  per  rejougne 
Lis  enfourniau  qu  a  dins  soun  jougne. 

4  Mireio,'  ii. 

(And  to  stow  away  the  fledgelings  that  she  has  in 
her  bodice.) 

For  "  foreigner "  Proven£al  has  the 
words  estrangie,  fourestie,  foro-pais,  but  some 
dialects  retain  the  old  words  foronia  (corre- 
sponding to  deinia)  and  fouragna.  The 
people  of  Auvergne  like  maliciously  to  call 
their  neighbours  of  the  Forez  district 
forignat,  i.e.  foreigners.  The  forms  fouragna 
and  forignat  show  that  the  g  in  "  foreigner  " 
is  possibly  not  so  unmeaning  as  has  been 
assumed.  In  modern  French  the  old  sense 
of  forain  is  lost  ;  the  term  is  applied  to 
itinerant  booth -keepers  at  fairs,  and  hence 
has  been  incorrectly  connected  with  foire,  a 
fair.  EDWARD  NICHOLSON. 

Paris. 

CHAPEL  LE  FRITH  (11  S.  ii.  9). — I  still 
think  that,  in  this  name  as  in  others,  le 
represents  the  Anglo-French  Us,  i.e.  "near," 


which  gives  excellent  sense.  But  it  cannot 
be  denied  that,  at  a  somewhat  early  period, 
it  was  written  Chapel  en  le  Frith,  i.e.,  Chapel 
in  the  frith,  by  scribes  who  did  not  know  that 
les  was  a  preposition. 

As  to  frith,  especially  used  of  a  coppice  or 
wood  with  a  fence  round  it,  though  it  had 
other  senses  also,  it  can  be  found  in  Todd's 
'  Johnson,*  or  any  common  dictionary  of 
value.  It  is  fully  explained  in  '  N.E.D.,' 
and  there  is  an  excellent  article  on  all  the 
provincial  uses  of  it,  and  its  varieties  of 
spelling,  in  the  '  E.D.D.*  also.  Why  it  is 
that  the  '  English  Dialect  Dictionary  ?  still 
remains  so  unknown  is  a  puzzle  to  me. 
There  was  once  a  great  clamour  that  the  work 
ought  to  be  done  ;  and  now  that  it  is  done, 
it  is  not  much  consulted.  But  the  fullness  of 
its  information  is  wonderful.  It  duly  gives,, 
not  only  the  Devon  and  Cornwall  vraith, 
but  the  Glouc.,  Som.,  and  Devon  vreath  or 
vreathe,  the  N.  Devon  vreeth,  the  Devon 
vreth,  the  Glouc.,  Isle  of  Wight,  Devon,  and 
Dorset  vriih ;  and  further,  the  Pembroke 
freeth,  the  Kentish  fright,  and  the  Cumber- 
land frid.  The  sb.  is  used  in  five  senses, 
and  the  verb  in  four.  The  derivatives  are 
freathed  and  frithing.  And  the  etymology 
is  given,  with  references  to  the  '  Cursor 
Mundi '  and  Earle's  '  Charters.*  What  more 
can  reasonably  be  required  ? 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

Chapel-en-le-Frith  signifies  the  "Chapel 
in  or  near  the  Forest,"  i.e.,  the  Peak  Forest. 
See  Dr.  Cox's  '  Derbyshire,*  "  Little  Guide  " 
Series.  S.  D.  C. 

[MR.  E.  LAWS  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

NOTTINGHAM  EARTHENWARE  TOMBSTONE 
(11  S.  i.  189,  255,  312,  356,  409,  454  ;  ii.  14).— 
The  memorials  in  Burslem  and  Wolstanton 
churchyards  to  which  MR.  STAPLETON  refers 
as  earthenware  tombstones  are  made  of 
coarse  clay  got  in  the  locality.  They 
measure  respectively  above  ground  9  by  15 
in.,  16  by  21  in.,  and  18  by  10  in.  The 
inscriptions  are  almost  illegible  or  effaced. 
One  measures  32  by  20  in.,  but  I  doubt 
whether  this  is  earthenware.  The  incised 
letters  and  date  (1816)  are  clear  and  sharp. 
If  it  were  earthenware,  they  would  have 
been  distorted  in  baking. 

I  think  Church  uses  the  preterite  and  says, 
"There  were  many  earthenware  tomb- 
stones," &c.  He  also  says  there  are  repre- 
sentative pieces  of  this  class  in  the  Liverpool 
Museum,  and  refers  to  something  in  the 
British  Museum.  I  write  from  memory. 

B.    D.   MOSELEY. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  23,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


ANSGAR,  MASTER  OF  THE  HORSE  TO 
EDWARD  THE  CONFESSOR  (11  S.  i.  369).— The 
name  is  considered  by  Freeman  ( '  Norman 
Conquest  ')  to  be  identical  with  that  of 
Esegar  (see  note  E  E),  in  which  form  it 
occurs  in  the  chronicle  of  Guy  of  Amiens. 
He  was  the  son  of  ^Ethelstan,  a  son  of  the 
Danish  Tofi  the  Proud,  founder  of  the  church 
of  Waltham.  When  Tofi  fell  into  disgrace 
his  lands  were  granted  by  Edward  the  Con- 
fessor to  Earl  Harold,  who  immediately  con- 
stituted Waltham  an  abbey.  Several  men 
seem  to  have  held  the  office  of  Staller,  or 
Constable,  in  the  Confessor's  reign,  at  the 
same  time.  Freeman  mentions  eight  (vol.  iii. 
p.  34),  of  whom  Esegar  was  one.  Ansgar, 
Ansgardus,  or  Esegar  was  appointed  as 
early  as  1044,  and  retained  the  post  into  the 
reign  of  William  the  Conqueror.  In  addition 
to  this  he  was  nominated  in, the  same  year 
Shire-reeve  of  Middlesex,  then  a  position  of 
the  first  importance.  Thierry  erroneously 
supposes  Ansgardus  to  have  been  the 
denomination  of  an  office,  the  Hansgardus, 
or  chief  magistracy  of  London  ;  but,  as 
Freeman  points  out,  the  chief  magistrate  of 
London  in  those  days  was  the  Port-reeve. 

^  As  Shire-reeve  of  the  Middle  Saxons, 
Esegar  played  a  very  prominent  part  both 
prior  and  subsequent  to  the  battle  of  Hast- 
mus,  organizing  the  powerful  contingent 
which  the  City  furnished  to  King  Harold. 
Marching  with  his  men,  he  was  severely 
wounded  at  the  hill  of  Senlac,  but  was  borne 
off  the  field,  and  taken  to  London  by  his 
following.  While  the  Conqueror  was  en- 
camped at  Berkhampstead,  Esegar,  who 
had  become  the  heart  and  soul  of  the  City's 
defence,  was  acting  as  the  military  adviser 
of  the  Witan,  and  was  carried  about  from 
place  to  place  on  a  litter.  He  convened  an 
assembly  of  aldermen,  and  messages  are  said 
to  have  passed  between  him  and  William. 
Seeing  that  further  resistance  was  hopeless, 
he  finally  concurred  with  the  views  of  the 
assembly  in  the  advisability  of  accepting  the 

Duke  of  the  Normans  as  king.  Little  is 
known  of  his  subsequent  doings  ;  but  Free- 
man notes  that  his  widow  is  mentioned  in 
Domesday  as  suffering  an  illegal  tax  for 
certain  lands  held  by  her. 

N.  W.  HILL. 
IS  e\v  \  ork. 

SIR  MATTHEW  PHILIP,  MAYOR  OF  LONDON 

24).— The    source    from    which 

Nicolas  and  Shaw  derived  their  information 

is  evidently  Numb,  xlviii.  p.  31,  Appendix, 

to  John  Anstis's  '  Observations  Introductory 

)   an   Historical   Essay  upon   the   Knight- 


hood of  the  Bath,'  1725,  where  the  date 
is  given  as  1464  ;  but  as  the  regnal  year 
5  Ed.  IV.  is  specified,  it  is  clear  that  a  mistake 
has  been  made,  and  that  1465  is  the  year 
intended.  Anstis  quotes  from  Sprott's  '  Chro- 
nicle '  the  fragment  published  by  Hearne, 
1719,  and  also  frcm  Fabian's  '  Chronicle.' 
Sprott  writes  (p.  295)  : — 

"And  on  the  xxvj  day  of  May  the  queene  Eliza- 
beth was  a°  5°  crownid  att  Westmonstre  with  grete 
solempriite,  where  as  were  made  knistes  of  the 
Bath,  as  I  knew,  the  lorde  Duras,  Sir  Bartelot  de 
Rybaire  of  Bayen  Gascons,  Sir  John  Wydevile 
brother  to  the  quene  :  &c.  and  of  the  cite  iiij 
Thomas  Cooke,  Matthew  Philippe,  Rauf  Josselyn 
and  Harry  Waffir,  where  also  were  made  dyvers 
othir  att  Wemonstre  the  day  biforesaide  of 
coronacion." 

Fabian  (p.  655,  ed.  of  Sir  Henry  Ellis,  1811) 
writes  : — 

"And  in  this  Mayres  yere  [John  Stone]  and 
begynnynge  of  v.  yere,  that  is  to  say,  ye  xxyj  daye 
of  May  that  yere  Whytsonday,  quene  Elizabeth 
was  crowned  at  Westmynster  with  grat  solempny  tie. 
At  the  which  season  at  the  Tower  the  nyght  before 
the  coronacion  amonge  many  Knyghtesot  the  Bathe 
there  made,  was  as  of  ye  company  sir  Thomas  Cook, 
sir  Mathewe  Philip,  sir  Rauffe  losselyne,  and  Sir 
Henry  Wauyr,  cytezeins  of  London,  than  and  there 
made  knyghtes." 

This  agrees  with  Sprott.     What  does  MR. 
BEAVEN  say  to  this  ? 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 
[Reply  from  MR.  W.  D.  PIXK  shortly.] 

REGIMENTAL  COLOURS  OF  MANCHESTER 
VOLUNTEERS  (11  S.  i.  484). — After  the  return 
of  the  72nd  Regiment  from  Gibraltar,  they 
were  received  with  enthusiasm,  and  their 
colours  were  deposited  with  much  ceremony 
in  the  Collegiate  Church,  whence  they  were 
removed  to  Chetham  College,  Manchester. 
They  were  presented  with  five  shillings  each, 
together  with  their  pay  and  arrears,  30 
August,  and  were  disbanded  9  September, 
1783.  The  colours  were  still  at  Chetham 
College  in  1866. 

On  24  August,  1794,  the  colours  of  the 
Royal  Manchester  Volunteers  were  con- 
secrated in  St.  Ann's  Church  by  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Seddon,  chaplain  to  the  regiment. 
The  corps  subsequently  became  the  104th 
Regiment. 

Col.  Ackers's  Regiment  of  Manchester  and 
Salford  Volunteers  were  drawn  out  at 
Piccadilly,  and  presented  with  their  colours 
by  Mrs.  Hartley,  14  February,  1798. 

The  first  and  second  battalions  of  the 
Manchester  and  Salford  Volunteers  were 
disembodied.  The  colours  were  deposited 
at  the  house  of  Col.  J.  L.  Phillips  at  Mayfield, 
1  June,  1802. 


74 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  n.  JULY  23, 1910. 


Col.  Ackers' s  regiment  of  Manchester  and 
Salford  Volunteers  were  disbanded,  and  the 
colours  deposited  in  the  Collegiate  Church, 
10  March  in  the  same  year. 

The  following  paragraph  appeared  in 
The  Manchester  City  News  of  Saturday 
25  June  last  : — 

Notable  June  Days. 
A  Manchester  Calendar. 

June  1.  —  Colours  which  had  belonged  to  the 
1st  Battalion  of  the  Independent  Manchester  and 
Salford  Volunteers  of  1803,  presented  to  the  Press 
Company  of  the  3rd  Manchester  Rifle  \  olunteers, 
1861. 

Particulars  of  the  "  Volunteers  of  the 
Manchester  Military  Association  "  are  given 
in  Earwaker's  '  Local  Gleanings,'  Nos.  159, 
165,  187. 

FREDERICK:  LAWRENCE  TAVARE. 
2,  Welton  Place,  Rusholme,  Manchester. 

SIR  ISAAC'S  WALK,  COLCHESTER  (11  S. 
ii.  9),  was  called  after  Sir  Isaac  Rebow. 
He  was  M.P.  for  Colchester  in  the  reigns  of 
William  and  Mary,  part  of  Queen  Ajme's, 
and  the  first  of  George  I.  He  erected  a 
monument  in  the  church  of  St.  Mary-at-the- 
Walls,  in  the  west  of  the  town,  in  memory  of 
his  father  John  Rebow,  merchant  of  Col- 
chester, who  died  in  1699.  The  Rebow 
family  came  from  the  Netherlands  in  the 
sixteenth  century,  and  settled  as  manu- 
facturers of  the  cloths  called  bays  and 
says.  MATILDA  POLLARD. 

Sir  Isaac's  Walk  appears  to  be  named  after 
Sir  Isaac  Rebow.  See  Cutt's  'Colchester,7 
"  Historic  Towns  Series."  S.  D.  C. 

[W.  G.  B.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

DR.  BEKEZS  DIARY  (11  S.  i.  427,  511).— 
In  connexion  with  the  Rev.  Dr.  F.  Biallo- 
blotzky's  '  Journey  to  discover  the  Sources 
of  the  Nile  '  Beke  issued  several  circulars, 
dated  July,  1848,  January,  1849,  May,  1849, 
and  January,  1850.  Not  any  of  these  refer 
to  his  own  travels  or  any  diary,  although 
such  comparative  reference  would  have 
been  useful  and  convenient  in  explaining 
Bialloblotzky's  failure.  It  will  be  remem- 
bered that  this  strange  individual  styled 
himself  "Ex  itinere  Africano  redux."  MR. 
EDWARDS  is  welcome  to  the  loan  of  these 
Beke  circulars  if  they  interest  him. 

ALECK   ABRAHAMS. 

SIR  JOHN  ROBINSON,  BT.  (11  S.  i.  428, 
489). — MR.  HUMPHREYS  is  correct  in  stating 
that  Sir  John  Robinson  was  alderman 
successively  of  Dowgate  and  Cripplegate,  but 
his  total  service  for  these  wards  amounted 


to  less  than  eight  years  (Dec.,  1655,  to  Sept., 
1663),  whereas  he  served  for  Tower  Ward 
from  the  latter  of  these  dates  till  his  death 
in  Feb.,  1680,  a  period  of  more  than  sixteen 
years. 

The  date  "17  March,  1662,"  of  the 
reference  in  Pepys,  where  Robinson  is 
described  as  a  "  bufflehead  ?' — whatever 
that  may  mean — is  that  of  the  legal,  not  the 
historical,  year.  Robinson  was  not  elected 
Lord  Mayor  till  Michaelmas,  1662.  The 
Globe  edition  of  Pepys  gives  the  date, 
according  to  the  modern  computation,  as 
17  March,  1663. 

ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 

DR.  MAGINN'S  WRITINGS  (11  S.  i.  507). — 
Shelton  Mackenzie  in  his  collected  edition 
of  Maginn's  works,  vol.  i.  p.  179  (New  York, 
1855),  in  a  foot-note  to  '  Don  Juan  Unread  ' 
says : — 

"  This,  one  of  the  earliest  of  Maginn's  contribu- 
tions to  Blackwood,  appeared  in  November,  1819." 

In  the  memoir  prefixed  to  vol.  v.  (ib.,  1857) 
he  says  :-  - 

'"  In  the  early  part  of  1842  Dr.  Maepnn  was  thrown 
into  prison  for  the  expenses  incurred  by  the  publica- 
tion of  the  ten  numbers  of  his  '  Miscellanies.'" 

These  commenced  in  1840,  weekly  numbers  of 
16  pages  each.  Shackell  (I  think)  was  the 
printer.  Within  recent  years  the  British 
Museum  has  obtained  a  copy  of  this  un- 
fortunate and  now  rare  publication,  but  a 
list  of  its  contents  would  be  too  long  for  your 
pages.  Speaking  from  memory,  I  should  say 
they  are  all  his  best-known  pieces. 

The  late  Dr.  Kenealy  had  also  a  complete 
set,  which  may  still  be  in  the  library  of  his 
daughter,  Miss  Arabella  Kenealy  the  novelist. 
EDITOR  '  IRISH  BOOK  LOVER.' 

Kensal  Lodge,  N.W. 

Maginn  is  undeservedly  forgotten,  or  re- 
membered only  through  *  Pendennis  '  in 
which  there  are  sketched  but  a  few  com- 
paratively uninteresting  peculiarities.  How- 
ever, though  his  life  has  been  imperfectly 
investigated,  answers  can  be  given  to  MR. 
MCMAHON'S  questions. 

'  Don  Juan  Unread '  first  appeared  in 
Blackwood,  November,  1819.  Incidentally, 
it  may  be  added  that  R.  W.  Montagu  and  the 
'  D.N.B.'  are  at  variance  about  the  date  of 
Maginn's  personal  introduction  to  Black- 
wood,  nor  does  it  appear  probable  that  such 
a  brilliant  contributor  was  in  1819  unknown 
and  unpaid.  Curiously  enough,  the  parody 
does  not  appear  in  Coleridge  and  Prothero' 
fine  edition  of  Byron,  but  it  is  given  in  m 
ten-volume  edition  of  1879. 


' 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  23,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


75 


In  Blackwood  it  came  out  covered  by  a 
detter  signed  M.  N.,  with  a  few  notes 
appended.  The  only  one  of  interest  is  that 
which  pretends  that  "  clovenfoot  "-  is  not  an 
^allusion  to  Byron's  infirmity. 

The  publication  '  Magazine  Misecllanies,5 
by  Dr.  Maginn,  appeared  without  date  or 
title-page.  The  British  Museum  copy  has 
a  pencil  note  by  one  J.  Hoblyn  to  the 
effect:  "  I  do  not  think  these  papers  can 
be  got  anywhere  except  a  few  detached  ones 
in  the  'Tales  from  Blackwood.''  The 
papers  are  numerous.  The  first  is  '  A  Story 
without  a  Tail,'  the  second  '  The  Wile  of 
Juno  '  (from  Homer),  the  third  '  Bob  Burke's 
Duel,'  and  so  on.  The  papers  on  Homer 
and  Shakespeare  appear  to  be  the  best. 

W.  A.  H. 

Dr.  Maginn's  '  Don  Juan  'Unread,'  con 
sisting  of  8  eight-line  stanzas,  finds  a  place  in 
Hamilton's  '  Parodies,3  vol.  iii.  p.  229. 

The  '  Magazine  Miscellanies  '  are  supposed 
to  have  been  nine  in  number.  In  '  N.  &  Q.' 
for  1850  (1  S.  ii.  13)  MB.  WILLIAM  CARPEN- 
TER gave  a  general  description  of  the 
•contents  of  these  numbers,  all  of  which 
were  then  in  his  possession.  About  thirty 
years  later  MR.  WILLIAM  BATES  stated,  in  a 
notice  of  Maginn,  that  after  twenty  years' 
search  among  London  bookstalls  he  had 
been  able  to  recover  only  an  odd  number  or 
two,  so  rare  had  copies  of  the  '  Miscellany  ' 
become.  W.  SCOTT. 

HEWORTH  :  ITS  ETYMOLOGY  (US.  ii.  9). — 
It  is  always  difficult  to  deal  with  Northern 
names,  owing  to  the  lack  of  pre-Conquest 
documents.  The  spelling  "  Heworth  iuxta 
'-  occurs  in  the  Inquisitiones  post 
Mortem  in  the  twentieth  year  of  Edward  I. 
Bardsley  quotes  Heworth,  and  refers  us  to 
Haworth,  which  is  an  unrelated  word,  as 
his  own  quotations  show.  Heworth  is  not 

Haworth,  for  the  reason  that  hew  differs  from 
haw  as  dew  from  daw  or  as  pew  from  paw, 
i.e.  fundamentally.  In  the  D.B.  spelling 
Heuuarde  "  we  plainly  see  that  the  prefix 
the  A.-S.  hlwa,  "a  domestic,"  which 
regularly  became  hewe,  once  a  common  word, 
used  by  Langland,  Chaucer,  and  Gower,  and 
fully  explained  in  the  '  N  E.D.'  The  suffix 
worth  is  correctly  derived  at  11  S.  i.  458  from 
the  A.-S.  weorthig ;  but  weorthig  itself  is 
incorrectly  derived,  at  the  same  reference, 

rom  an  imaginary  A.-S.  wdrian,  to  defend, 
the  true  form  being  warian  (with  the  a 
short),  with  which  weorthig  is  only  remotely 
connected.  ' 


It  would  appear,  therefore,  that  Heworth 
meant,  originally,  a  farm  or  homestead 
farmed  by  a  farming-man  or  farming-men. 
I  need  not  copy  out  all  that  the  '  N  E.D.' 
says  about  hewe.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

Heworth,  which  I  knew  fifty  years  ago, 
appeared  in  seventeenth-century  bocks  as 
Hey  worth.  The  Yorkshire  gentry  met 
Charles  I.  there,  and  presented  a  petition 
to  him.  Many  modern  writers  in  describing 
this  incident  repeat  the  form  "  Heyworth," 
without  inquiry,  and  I  have  been  asked,  as 
a  Yorkshireman,  to  tell  where  the  place  is. 
See,  e.g.,  '  D.N.B.,*  xviii.  141  b.  In  like 
manner  Hedon  is  disguised  under  the  un- 
authorized spelling  "Heydon"  ('D.N.B.,' 
Ix.  416  a).  W.  C.  B. 

The  name  of  this  village  appears  in  the 
Conqueror's  survey  as  "  Hewarde n  and 
"  Heworde.'*  It  is  not  derived,  like  Fingall  in 
the  valley  of  the  Ure,  from  the  name  of  a 
sometime  Saxon  possessor,  for  the  prefix 
precludes  the  assumption  that  the  name 
Haward  or  Hawart,  borne  by  the  thegn 
of  Stokesley,  might  be  the  same  name. 
The  prefix  in  Heworth  may  represent  a 
personal  name  or  the  sense  of  a  fence  or 
hedge,  as  applied  to  a  homestead,  A.-S. 
weorthig,  a  protected  place.  If  this  supposi- 
tion is  correct,  the  meaning  will  be  "a 
place  protected  by  a  hedge.  ' 

W.  FARRER. 

DONNE'S  POEMS  (11  S.  ii.  7). — PROF. 
GRIERSON  is  no  doubt  acquainted  with 
the  Donne  MSS.  in  the  Dyce  Collection  at 
South  Kensington.  Several  of  Donne's 
printed  books  are  also  noted  in  the  Cata- 
logue, but  none,  I  fear,  quite  corresponding 
to  those  inquired  after. 

The  library  of  the  Rev.  T.  R.  O'Flahertie 
was  sold  by  Messrs.  Sotheby  &  Co.  on 
14  January,  1896.  It  included  a  number  of 
Donne's  works,  MS.  as  well  as  printed.  The 
earliest  dated  work  sold,  *  Pseudo -Martyr,' 
first  edition,  1610,  was  acquired  by  Mr. 
Pickering.  The  other  lots  included  '  Prose 
and  Prose  Paradoxes  J  (with  poems  by  Donne 
and  others),  MSS.  of  date  1620  ;  '  Poems,' 
first  edition,  dated  1633,  with  MS.  additions  ; 
and  a  contemporary  MS.  of  the  poems  ' '  con- 
taining considerable  variations  from  the 
printed  texts."  These  were  all  purchased 
by  Mr.  Quaritch.  A  copy  of  the  'Five 
Satyres,'  in  MS.  written  by  John  Cave,  1620, 
became  the  property  of  Mr.  Catton.  The 
other  Donne  entries,  poetry  and  prose,  were 
of  a  later  date. 


76 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  11.  JULY  23, 1910. 


Might  not  the  Hazlewood-Kingsburgh 
MS.  perhaps  be  found  at  Hazlewood  Castle, 
Yorkshire  ?  W.  SCOTT. 

'  LOVERS'  Vows  '  (11  S.  i.  468).— This  play 

is  to  be  found  in  "  The  British  Theatre 

with ....  critical  remarks  by  Mrs.  Inch- 
bald,"  1808,  vol.  xxiii.,  also  in  '  The  British 
Drama,'  1872,  published  by  John  Dicks, 
vol.  x,  p.  129. 

It  was  "  altered "  from  the  German  of 
Kotzebue's  '  Child  of  Love  '  by  Mrs.  Inch- 
bald.  In  her  preface  she  alludes  to  various 
difficulties  which  she  had  to  deal  with, 
especially  that,  being  wholly  unacquainted 
with  the  German  language,  she  had  to 
depend  upon  a  "literal  translation"  into 
"  broken  English "  made  by  a  German. 
This  translation  was  given  to  her  by  the 
manager  of  Co  vent  Garden  Theatre.  She 
mentions  that  the  original  German  play  was 
printed  in  1791,  and  that  up  to  the  time  of 
her  adaptation  "no  person  of  talents  or 
literary  knowledge.  .  .  .has  thought  it  worth 
employment  to  make  a  translation  of  the 
work."'  Mrs.  Inchbald  did  not  write  every 
word  of  '  Lovers'  Vows.'  She  says  : — 

"I  suggested  the  verses  I  have  introduced;  but 
not  jbeing  blessed  with  the  butler's  happy  art  o!: 
rhyming,  I  am  indebted  for  them,  except  the  seventh 
and  eleventh  stanzas  in  the  first  of  his  poetic  stories, 
to  the  author  of  the  prologue." 

Neither  the  prologue  nor  the  name  of  its 
author  is  given.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

DAME  ELIZABETH  IRWIN  :  SIR  JOHN 
.MURRAY  (11  S.  ii.  28). — Relationships  men- 
tioned in  wills  must  not  be  construed  too 
literally.  A  ' '  brother  "  may  be  a  brother-in- 
law,  a  "  daughter "  a  step -daughter,  a 
"  cousin  "  a  remote  kinsman.  In  making  a 
tentative  tabulation  of  the  particulars  given 
by  G.  D.  B.  I  did  not  hesitate  to  place 
Lettice  Loftus  as  a  stepdaughter  of  Dame 
Elizabeth  Irwin.  My  experimental  placing 
was  justified  when  I  afterwards  found  the 
marriage  of  "  Mr.  Dudley  Loftus,  Doctor  of 
ye  Law,  and  ye  Lady  Elizabeth  Ervin,? 
11  May,  1693,  at  St.  John's,  Dublin.  If 
Dame  Elizabeth  was  originally  a  Murray; 
she  must  have  married  four  times  :  1st,  Sir 
(?  John)  Irwin;  2nd,  in  1693,  Dr.  Dudty 
Loftus,  who  had  previously  married  Frances 
Nangle,  by  whom  he  had  a  daughter  Lettice 
Loftus  ;  3rd,  Mr.  Broughton  ;  4th,  in  1720 
Walter  Bunbury.  This  merely  explains  ho\\ 
Lettice  Loftus  was  "  daughter-in-law "  to 
Dame  Elizabeth  Irwin. 

There  are  hundreds  of  knights  not  includec 
in  Dr.  Shaw's  work.     A  John  Irvin,  knight 


lied  abroad  in  1705  ;  his  inventory  is  at 
Dublin.  This,  naturally,  could  not  be  the 
msband  of  the  much-married  Elizabeth,  for 
he  was  already  Dame  Elizabeth  Ervin  when 
he  married  Dr.  Loftus  in  1693  ;  but  he  is  not 
n  Dr.  Shaw's  list. 

In  wills  I  have  come  across  knights  men- 
ioned  as  baronets,  and  unknighted  indi- 
viduals mentioned  as  knights.  Perhaps 
here  is  still  a  chance  for  "  Sir  John  Murray." 

LEO  C. 

'  MANNERS  AND  CUSTOMS  OF  THE  FRENCH  ': 
B.  ROTCH  (11  S.  i.  468  ;  ii.  37).— Benjamin 
Rotch's  widow,  Isabella  Anne  Rotch,  was 
Dorn  in  1808  and  died  in  1909.  Her  obituary 
lotice  in  the  Harrow  papers  stated  that  her 
husband  "  had  been  in  Paris  during  the 
terrible  days  of  the  Revolution."  This 
eems  to  throw  some  light  on  the  author- 
ship of  '  Manners  and  Customs  of  the 
French.5  HARROVIAN. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (US. 
ii   28).— 
Tis  the  faith  that  launched  point-blank  her  dart 

At  the  head  of  a  lie— taught  Original  Sin. 
The  Corruption  of  Man's  Heart. 

R.  Browning,  '  Gold  Hair,'  xxx.  • 

LAWRENCE  PHILLIPS. 
Theological  College,  Lichfield. 
[PROF.  E.  BENSLY  also  supplies  the  reference.] 

ANDRONICUS  LASCARIS  :  Music  TO  ARIS- 
TOPHANES (11  S.  ii.  7). — Two  noble  Greeks 
named  Lascaris,  who  may  have  been 
brothers,  and  were  certainly  closely  related,, 
took  refuge  in  Italy  after  the  capture  of 
Constantinople  by  the  Turks  in  1453.  One 
of  them,  named  Constantine,  went  to  Milan,, 
thence  to  Rome,  next  to  Naples,  and  finally 
settled  at  Messina,  where  he  died  about 
1500.  In  1493  he  bequeathed  his  library  to 
Messina,  part  of  which  gift  was  afterwards 
carried  away  by  the  Spaniards,  and  is  now 
in  the  Escorial,  near  Madrid. 

The  other  Lascaris,  Andrew  John  by  name 
(frequently  mentioned  as  John  merely),  was 
probably  the  person  referred  to  in  the 
query.  He  took  up  his  abode  at  Florence, 
and  was  employed  by  Lorenzo  de?  Medici 
to  visit  Greece  and  purchase  certain  valuable  t 
manuscripts.  This  commission  he  executed 
some  time  previous  to  1494.  The  MS. 
mentioned  by  MR.  JOHNSON  WALKER  was 
in  all  likelihood  one  of  those  acquired  for  his 
employer  by  Andrew  John  Lascaris.  ^  Ii 
1494  he  entered  the  service  of  Louis  XI7 
of  France,  who  sent  him  as  his  envoy 
Venice.  Betaking  himself  to  Rome  in  1513, 


his 

! 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  23,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


77 


became  Principal  of  the  Greek  College 
founded  by  Pope  Leo  X.,  and  was  also 
appointed  superintendent  of  the  Greek  press. 
Returning  to  the  service  of  France  in  1518, 
he  was  employed  by  Francis  I.  in  forming  the 
royal  library.  His  death  took  place  in  1535. 

w.  s.  s. 

"THE  BRITISH  GLORY  REVIVED"  (11  S. 
ii.  29). — There  is  a  large  series  of  medals 
generically  known  as  "  Porto-Bello  Medals," 
which  are  fully  described  in  '  Medallic  Illus- 
trations of  the  History  of  Great  Britain  and 
Ireland  to  the  Death  of  George  II.,'  1885, 
vol.  ii.  pp.  530-57,  wherein  some  ninety-odd 
medals  are  mentioned  (Nos.  92-183). 

It  is  here  stated  that 

"Admiral  Vernon,  who  had  always  been  a  most 
violent  opponent  of  the  Ministry,  somewhat  rashly 
declared  in  the  House  of  Commons  that  he  could 
take  this  place  (i.e.  Porto  Bello)  w^ith  six  ships,  and 
when  the  opportunity  was  given  him  he  fortunately 
succeeded.  Commodore  Brown  was  his  second  in 
command,  and  the  place  surrendered  after  a  siege 
of  two  days,  22  Nov.,  1739." 

The  medals  indicated  the  feeling  of  gratifi- 
•cation  that  an  Englishman  had  at  last  done 
something  to  check  the  Spaniards,  in  contra- 
distinction to  the  apathy  of  the  "  Ministry  of 
the  day,  who  were  charged  with  long  having 
allowed  the  Spaniards  to  insult  and  plunder 
our  merchants  and  interrupt  our  trade  with- 
out any  effectual  attempt  at  resistance," 
rather  than  an  appreciation  of  the  feat,  which, 
as  a  matter  of  fact,  was  not  particularly 
meritorious.  The  most  curious  perhaps 
of  the  whole  series  is  No.  182,  of  Admiral 
Haddock  and  Admiral  Vernon,  the  legend 
on  the  obverse  being 

ADML  H**»K  TOOK  O  WITH  SEVERAL  SHIPS  ONLY. 

It  was  commonly  believed  that  his  instruc- 
tions restricted  him  from  activity  with  his 
fleet  in  the  Mediterranean,  where  he  made 
two  unsuccessful  attempts  to  prevent  the 
junction  of  the  French  and  Spanish  fleets. 

I  have  a  small  collection  of  these  medals, 
and  among  them  there  are  twelve  with  the 
legend  of  "The  British  Glory  Revived  by 
Admiral  Vernon."  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

The  medal  bore  the  inscription  "The 
British  Glory  Revived"  because  Admiral 
Vernon  recovered  the  prestige  which,  by  no 
fault  of  his  own,  Admiral  Hosier  had  lost. 
The  story  is  given  in  full  in  the  introduction 
to  Glover's  famous  ballad  entitled  '  Admiral 
Hosier's  Ghost,'  in  Percy's  '  Reliques  of 
Ancient  Poetry,'  Series  II.,  Book  III. 
The  story  is  somewhat  long,  but  is  easily 
accessible.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT.  " 


POLL-BOOKS  OF  THE  CITY  or  LONDON 
(11  S.  ii.  29). — I  believe  I  am  right  in  saying 
that  no  poll -books  for  any  of  the  years  named 
in  MR.  GOULD'S  list  were  ever  published,  and 
it  is' hardly  likely  that  copies  of  these  polls  in 
MS.  are  accessible  anywhere.  With  regard 
to  five  of  MB.  GOULD'S  dates  (1742,  1758, 
1770,  1817,  1830)  his  question  is  superfluous, 
inasmuch  as  the  elections  in  those  years  were 
uncontested,  and  consequently  there  were  no 
polls. 

In  my  '  Aldermen  of  London  '  (pp.  261-97) 
may  be  found  fuller  details  as  to  the  elections 
for  the  City  of  London  than  have  been 
collected  elsewhere. 

ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 

Leamington. 

'  MERRY  WIVES  OF  WINDSOR,'  III.  i.  5 
(11  S.  ii.  28). — Might  not  the  phrase  quoted 
by  K.  D.  read  "Marry,  sir,  the  pit-ward," 
&c.  ? 

We  know  from  Act  I.  sc.  i.  there  were  bears 
in  the  town,  and  it  was,  perhaps,  near  the 
bearpit  where  these  animals  were  confined 
that  Simple  had  looked  for  Dr.  Caius. 

It  might  also  be  noted  that  in  Act  II. 
sc.  ii.  1.  19,  Falstaff  says  to  Pistol,"  To  your 
manor  of  Pict-hatch  !  Go."  TOUCHSTONE. 

In  the  list  of  hospitals  founded  in  England 
before  1547  given  in  the  appendix  to  Miss 
Clay's  '  Mediaeval  Hospitals  of  England  '  are 
the  following  :  "  Windsor,  St.  John,  1316  "  ; 
"Windsor  (Without),  St.  Peter,  1168." 
The  saints  named  are  those  to  whom  the 
hospitals  were  dedicated  ;  the  dates  are  those 
of  the  first  accredited  reference  to  them. 

C.  C.  B. 

JANE  BENNETT  :  LIEUT.  JOHN  PIGOTT 
(11  S.  i.  509).— This  Lieut.  John  Pigott,  who 
survived  the  Black  Hole  of  Calcutta  in  1756, 
according  to  the  records  at  Chelsea  Hospital, 
joined  the  12th  Regiment  as  captain  on 
26  December,  1778  ;  became  captain  of  one 
of  the  six  Independent  Companies  of  Royal 
Invalids  at  Plymouth,  7  February,  1780,  and 
died  on  Monday,  19  May,  1788. 

I  want  to  ascertain  if  he  was  identical  with 
a  Lieut.  John  Pigott  who  joined  the  39th 
Dorset  regiment  in  1750,  went  out  to  India 
with  this  regiment  in  1754,  and  took  part 
in  the  battle  of  Plassey  in  1757  ;  returned  to 
Dublin  with  the  regiment  in  1758,  and  in 
this  year  exchanged  into  Strode's  Regiment 
of  Foot  (the  62nd)  ;  was  in  Carrickfergus 
Castle,  Ireland,  in  February,  1760,  when 
attacked  by  the  French  officers  Flobert  and 
Thurot ;  and  married,  17  June,  1760, 


78 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  JULY  23, 1910. 


Elizabeth  Jefferson,  spinster,  of  the  parish 
of  St.  Andrew,  Dublin. 

Strode's  Regiment  seemingly  went  out 
to  the  West  Indies  in  1754-5,  and  this  John 
Pigott's  name  disappears  from  the  Army 
Lists  of  1775  as  a  "  Captain  in  the  Army." 
Is  there  a  probability  of  his  having  been 
transferred  to  the  12th  Suffolk  Regiment  in 
1778  ?  WM.  JACKSON  PIGOTT. 

Manor  House,  Dundrum,  co.  Down. 

BOTANY  :  TIME  or  FLOWERS  BLOOMING 
(11  S.  ii.  29).— Probably  'Wild  Flowers 
Month  by  Month,'  by  Edward  Step,  F.L.S. 
(F.  Warne  &  Co.),  would  meet  MB.  PHILLIPS'S 
requirements.  A.  MOBLEY  DAVIES. 

See  '  Field  and  Woodland  Plants,'  by 
W.  S.  Furneaux  (Longmans,  1909),  in  which 
a  leading  feature  is  the  arrangement  of  the 
plants  and  trees  according  to  their  seasons, 
habitats,  and  habits.  W.  H.  PEET. 

Does  MB.  PHILLIPS  know  '  How  to  find 
and  name  Wild  Flowers,'  by  Thomas  Fox, 
F.L.S.,  published  by  CasseU  &  Co.  in  1906  ? 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

DOGE'S  HAT  (11  S.  ii.  8,  56).— This  is 
usually  called  the  doge's  cap.  In  German 
heraldry  it  is  a  Dogenhut.  In  Italian 
heraldry  it  is  a  corona  dogale,  but  it  is 
spoken  of  as  "il  corno  dogale."  LEO  C. 

FOLLY:  PLACE-NAME  (11  S.  ii.  29).— 
Since  a  "  Folly  "  is  generally  a  very  preten- 
tious or  highly  ornamented  house,  as  well  as 
any  curiosity  in  domestic  architecture, 
often  of  no  practical  use,  would  not  such  a 
place-name  as  that  alluded  to  at  Shenley 
in  Herts  be  likely  to  have  had  its  origin  in 
being  near  the  mansion  known  as  Colney 
Chapel,  erected  about  1774  by  Governor 
Bourchier  ?  It  was  built  of  Tottenhoe  stone 
at  an  expense  of  about  53,000/.,  including  the 
charges  for  laying  out  the  pleasure-grounds. 
A  more  extended  description  of  the  mansion 
will  be  found  in  Dr.  Dugdale's  '  British 
Traveller.'  J.  HOLD  EN  MACMICHAEL. 

I  can  speak  for  the  meaning  of  the  word 
"Folly"  as  used  in  Essex.  It  simply 
means  a  plantation  or  wood,  and  is,  I 
suppose,  connected  etymologically  with  Fr. 
feuille,  foliage.  For  example,  an  estate 
at  Walthamstow  abutting  on  the  Forest, 
called  by  its  eighteenth -century  owner 
Bellevue,  has,  since  two  oak  plantations  were 
made  upon  part  of  it  about  fifty  years 
ago,  been  commonly  known  as  "  Cooke's 
Folly " — Cooke  being  the  owner's  name. 


One  of  these  plantations  is  still  standing,  and 
is,  I  believe,  now  part  of  the  Forest,  while 
its  fellow  has  been  felled,  and  the  site  laid 
out  for  building.  Perhaps  the  lanes  referred 
to  by  your  correspondent  are,  or  have  been 
leafy  lanes.  F.  SYDNEY  EDEN. 

Maycroft,  Fyfield  Road,  Walthamstow. 

ROOSEVELT  :  ITS  PBONUNCIATION  (11  S.  L 
404). — Sunday  Times  of  5  June — there  is  no 
"The"  in  the  name  of  this  paper — prints 
a  letter  from  the  American  ex -President 
which  confirms  my  note.  It  is  as  follows  : — 

MY  DEAR  SIR, — My  name  is  pronounced  in  three 
syllables,  the  first  syllable  being  pronounced  like 
"  rose,"  the  flower.  Very  sincerely  yours, 

T.  ROOSEVELT. 

FBEDK.  A.  EDWABDS. 

SHBOPSHIBE  NEWSPAPEB  PBINTED  IN 
LONDON  :  NEWSPAPEBS  AND  BIBLES  (11  S. 
ii.  26). — I  have  a  volume  of  The  War-wick 
and  Staffordshire  Journal,  with  the  History 
of  the  Holy  Bible,  extending  from  Saturday,. 
12  November,  1737,  No.  xiii.,  to  Wednesday, 
18  June,  1740,  No.  cxlix.  It  appears  to 
have  been  published  for  some  time  on 
Thursdays,  but  afterwards  en  Wednesdays. 
The  Journal  consists  of  four  quarto  leaves  ; 
the  History  of  the  Bible  of  eight  quarto  leaves 
of  a  somewhat  smaller  and  better  paper,, 
fairly  well-printed,  and  having  every  other 
week  an  engraving  on  a  separate  quarto 
sheet  of  moderately  good  execution.  It  is 
published  by  "  R.  Walker,  the  Corner  of 
Seacoal  Lane,  next  Fleet  Lane  "  ;  and  I 
transcribe  the  opening  announcement,  which 
is  quaint  : — 

"  This  Paper  will  be  regularly  carried  on  every 
Week  at  the  easy  Rate  of  Two  Pence,  which  is  no> 
more  than  what  the  Country  News  Papers  cost. 
With  every  other  Number  will  be  given  Gratis,  a 
Curious  Scripture  Cut,  engraven  on  Copper.  When 
the  Book  is  finished,  it  will  be  a  very  valuable 
Legacy  from  Generation  to  Generation ;  and  abso- 
lutely necessary  for  instructing  Youth  in  the- 
Rudiments  of  the  Scripture  ;  for  which  reason  it  is- 
hop'd  One  Person  will  recommend  it  to  another." 

HOWABD  S.  PEABSON. 

MABK  TWAIN  (11  S.  i.  367,  418,  457).— As 
an  addition  to  the  somewhat  contrary  ideas 
expressed  anent  this  American  humorist's 
style  as  a  lecturer,  the  following  excerpts 
from  a  review  of  the  book  '  Mark  Twain's 
Speeches  '  in  The  Observer  of  the  10th  inst. 
may  be  worth  recording  : — 

"I  shall  never  forget  hearing  him  lecture  in 
Vienna,  where  he  was  living  at  a  time  when  things 

English  were  not  particularly  popular He  was  so 

entirely   easy,  apparently  so  much  in  earnest,  so- 
terribly  outraged  by  the  length  of  his  own  sentences, 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  2.3, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


79 


that  the  whole  audience  'rose'  to  him;  he  carried 
them  away  completely,  though  I  cannot  remember 
that  he  said  a  single  original  or  really  witty  thing. 
He  was  immensely  popular  there." 

The  reviewer  also  gives  it  as  his  opinion 
that  Mr.  Clemens  would  have  "  risen  to  the 
very  top  of  the  tree  as  an  actor. n 

CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

"HowDE  MEN":  ROBIN  HOOD'S  MEN 
(11  S.  i.  346,  493;  ii.  16).  —  "  Robin 
Hood "  customs  in  connexion  with  the 
"  Hooden  Horse'1  are  very  interestingly 
discussed  by  Mr.  Percy  Maylam  of  Canter- 
bury in  '  The  Hooden  Horse  :  an  East 
Kent  Custom,1  Canterbury,  1909. 

T.  S.  M. 

"  SCRIBBLE  "  (11  S.  i.  447,  494).— The  fol- 
lowing is  in  '  Josephi  Laurontii  Lucensis 
S.  T.  D.  Amalthea  Onomastica,'  Lucse,  1640  : 
"  Scribida,  epistola.  Isid.  gloss.'* 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

TOASTS  AND  SENTIMENTS  (11  S.  i.  406  ; 
ii.  32). — The  four  following  books  are  of  the 
nature  of  collections  of  toasts  and  sentiments; 
they  are  all  modern.  References  to  the 
subject  occur  in  several  old  cookery  books 

Toasts  and  Maxims  :  A  Book  of  Humour  to  pass 
the  Time.  Collected  from  various  sources.  Green- 
ing &  Co.,  n.d.  (c.  1905). 

The  Banquet  Book.  By  Cuyler  Reynolds.  With 
an  introduction  by  Elbert  Hubbard.  G.  P.  Put- 
nam's Sons,  MCMII. 

Quotations  for  Occasions.  Compiled  by  Katharine 
B.  Wood.  T.  Fisher  Unwin,  1897. 

The  Diner-Out:  A  Classified  Collection  of  Apt 
Quotations  for  Toasts,  After-Dinner  Speeches,  &c. 
(Adapted  from  'The  Banquet  Book.')  By  Cuyler 
Reynolds.  George  Routledge  &  Sons,  1905. 

FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 
Kew  Green. 

PRINCESS  CLARA  EMILIA  OF  BOHEMIA 
(11  S.  i.  508).— Of  the  thirteen  children 
born  to  Frederick  V.  of  Bohemia  and  the 
Princess  Elizabeth  Stuart,  daughter  of 
James  I.,  five  were  females,  namely,  Eliza- 
beth, Louisa  Hollandina,  Henrietta  Mary, 
Charlotte,  and  Sophia.  No  such  name  as 
"  Clara  Emilia  '*  appears  among  them.  If 
it  be  allowed  me  to  hazard  a  guess,  I  would 
suggest  that  "  Clara  Emilia "  was  an 
assumed  name,  religious  rather  than  bap- 
tismal. Two  of  the  daughters  of  King 
Frederick  embraced  a  religious  vocation  : 
Elizabeth  became  Superior  of  the  Lutheran 
Abbey  of  Harvorden  in  Westphalia  ;  Louisa 
entered  the  Roman  Catholic  Church,  and 
died  Abbess  of  Maubisson  in  France. 


Possibly  the  Princess  Louisa  took  the  name- 
Clara  Emilia.  She  was,  at  all  events,  a  lady 
of  many  accomplishments,  and  a  patroness 
of  literature.  W.  S.  S. 


The  History  of  England  from  the  Accession  of  Anne 

to  the  Death  of     George  II.    (1702-1760).      By 

I.  S.  Leadam.     (Longmans  &  Co.) 
THIS  is  the  ninth  volume  of  '  The  Political  History 
of  England,'  edited  by  Dr.  William  Hunt  and  Dr.. 
Reginald  L.  Poole,  a  series  which  by  this  tune 
has  secured  the  regard  of  all  competent  scholars. 

It  is  almost  impossible  to  review  hi  a  brief 
space  any  political  history  without  rewriting  it,, 
so  complicated  are  the  threads  which  go  to  make 
up  the  fabric  of  native  and  foreign  intrigue.  We 
prefer  to  say  that  Mr.  Leadam's  book  is  welE 
worth  its  place  in  the  series,  and,  where  we  have 
tested  its  conclusions,  both  sound  and  clear. 

The  additions  to  the  volume  at  the  end  are 
thorough  and  satisfactory,  being  an  Appendix 
'  On  Authorities,'  and  another  on  '  Administra- 
tions '  ;  a  full  Index  ;  plans  of  the  battles  of 
Dettingen,  Ramillies,  Oudenarde,  Malplaquet, 
and  Fontenoy  ;  and  two  maps. 

Jamiesori's  Dictionary  of  the  Scottish  Language. 
Abridged  by  J.  Johnstpne,  and  revised  and 
enlarged  by  Dr.  Longmuir.  With  Supplement, 
to  which  is  prefixed  an  Introduction,  by  W.  M- 
Metcalfe,  D.D.  (Paisley,  Alex.  Gardner.) 
THIS  is  a  large  and  comprehensive  repertory  of 
the  Scottish  tongue  which  we  have  already 
profited  by  consulting.  At  the  same  time,  the 
work  of  Jamieson  which  forms  the  first  part  loses 
in  interest  by  its  brevity.  The  addition  of 
examples  of  the  words  with  their  context  serves 
to  fix  usages  in  one's  memory  which  are  apt  to  be 
forgotten  when  one  has  only  a  bare  explanation 
and  no  more.  In  this  way  the  book  compares 
unfavourably  with  such  a  work  as  Charles 
Mackay's  '  Dictionary  of  Lowland  Scotch  * 
(1888),  which  gives,  for  instance,  to  illustrate 
"  toom  "= empty,  quotations  from  Allan  Ramsay, 
Burns,  Dean  Ramsay  (2),  Donald  Cargill,  and 
James  Telfer. 

On  this  scale,  however,  the  book  would  outrun 
the  proportions  of  a  single  volume  ;  as  it  is,  the 
first  part  extends  to  635  pages  of  text,  apart  from 
introductory  matter,  while  the  Second  Part  has 
48  pages  of  Introduction,  and  263  of  Supplement, 
in  which  further  words  are  added.  Dr.  Metcalfe, 
who  is  responsible  for  this  section,  is  abreast  of  the 
scientific  scholarship  which  has  cleared  up  many 
things,  and  gives  an  excellent  selection  of  speci- 
mens of  Middle  Scots.  His  list  of  words  is 
fortified  by  references  to  the  E.E.T.S.,  S.T.S., 
and  S.B.R.S.,  and  various  published  records  due 
to  the  energy  of  recent  scholars.  A  main  source 
of  this  part  of  the  book  is  the  four-volume  edition 
of  Jamieson,  and  Mr.  Donaldson's  fifth  volume, 
which  forms  a  supplement  to  the  same.  Here, 
too,  illustrative  passages  have  been  but  sparingly 
used  for  want  of  space.  The  whole  forms  a  very 
useful  book  for  the  elucidation  of  words  which, 
though  in  many  cases  fairly  impressed  on  literary 
language,  are  a  puzzle  to  the  Southron. 


80 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  n.  JULY  23,  mo. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — JULY. 

MB.  P.  M.  BARNARD  sends  two  Catalogues  from 
Tunbridge  Wells.  One  is  devoted  to  Book 
Catalogues,  some  of  them  being  auction  catalogues, 
with  prices  and  names  of  purchasers.  The  other, 
No.  37,  is  devoted  to  Early  English  Books,  and 
contains  books  printed  in  England  and  books 
in  English  printed  abroad  up  to  1640,  books 
relating  to  the  Tudor  period,  and  purchases  from 
the  library  of  Coventry  School.  The  school  was 
founded  by  John  Hales  in  1548,  but  the  library 
was  not  formed  until  1601.  Mr.  Barnard  gives 
an  index  of  the  printers  and  booksellers  of  the 
works  in  the  first  part  of  the  catalogue. 

Messrs.   James   Rimell  &  Son's   Catalogue  222 
contains    Engravings    and    Drawings.     The    first 
items  are  on  a  subject  of  engrossing  interest  at 
the  present  time — aeronautics.      The  '  Battle  of 
the  Balloons,'  circa  1780,  shows  four  English  a,nd 
French  balloons,  with  cannon,  fighting  in  the  air  : 
Behold  an  odd  fight,  two  odd  Nations  between, 
Such  odd  fighting  as  this  was  never  yet  seen ; 
But  such  Fights  will    be  common    (as    Dunce    to 

feel  Rod) 
In   the  year    of    One    Thousand    eight    Hundred 

and  odd. 

The  ascents  include  Godard's  Montgolfier  balloon 
from  Cremorne,  1864  ;  that  of  "  M.  Blanchard, 
accompagne  par  le  Chevalier  Lepinard,  fait  a 
Lille,  en  Flandre,  le  26  Aout,  1785,"  full  of 
spectators,  with  cordons  of  troops  ;  the  Nassau 
from  Vauxhall,  with  Cocking's  fatal  descent, 
24  July,  1837;  Cornillot's  ascent  from  the  village  of 
:Seal,  25  August,  1825,  when  he  "  established  the 
principle  of  sailing  in  an  horizontal  direction  at 
any  point  of  elevation  required  "  ;  and  the 
destruction  of  the  Victoria  and  Albert  balloon, 
16  June,  1851,  injuring  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Graham, 
and  damaging  16,  Arlington  Street.  There  are 
many  caricatures,  balloons  waiting  for  hire,  &c. 
The  general  portion  contains  original  sketches 
by  Hablot  K.  Browne,  Cruikshank,  and  Phil  May. 
Under  Rowlandson  is  an  interesting  collection  of 
water-colour  drawings.  Under  Fires  we  find 
St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden,  17  September,  1795  ; 
the  Great  Fire  ;  the  Houses  of  Parliament, 
16  October,  1834  ;  Newgate,  and  the  Royal 
Exchange.  There  are  long  lists  under  Military 
and  under  Napoleon,  that  under  Uniforms 
in3luding  Hull's  Army  and  Navy,  100Z.  A  collec- 
tion of  over  1,700  caricatures  comprises  the 
•Georges,  William  IV.,  the  French  Revolution, 
Napoleon,  Russia,  ladies'  fashions,  social ,  customs, 
&c. 

Messrs.  Sotheran  are  removing  their  West-End 
house  from  37  to  43,  Piccadilly,  and  their  Price 
Current  706  is  devoted  to  the  first  part  of  a  clear- 
ance list  of  a  great  portion  of  the  second-hand 
stock,  at  a  discount  of  25  per  cent,  during  the 
next  two  months.  The  list  extends  from  A  to  G, 
and  as  it  contains  nearly  three  thousand  items, 
there  is  plenty  to  choose  from.  We  note  Robert 
and  James  Adam's  '  Works  in  Architecture,' 
3  vols.,  imp.  folio,  1773-1822  (one  of  500  copies), 
6Z.  6s.  ;  Ainsworth's  Novels,  16  vols.,  half- 
morocco  by  Riviere,  8Z.  8s.  ;  and  '  The  Annual 
Register,'  complete  to  1908,  with  index  volume, 
1758-1908,  3QL  There  is  a  cheap  copy  of  a  fine 
work,  '  Archeologie  de  1'Empire  de  Russie,' 


508  plates,  beautifully  coloured,  6  vols.  atlas, 
folio  in  4,  and  6  vols.  4to  of  text  (in  Russian)  in 2. 
uniformly  bound  in  crushed  levant,  Moscou", 
1849-53,  very  rare,  63Z.  A  set  of  the  works  of 
Arnold  of  Rugby,  16  vols.,  morocco,  1845,  is 
4:1.  4s.  ;  Pickering's  edition  of  Bacon,  17  vols., 
original  cloth,  4Z.  10s.  ;  the  large-paper  edition 
of  '  The  Badminton  Library  of  Sports,'  29  vols., 
4to,  one  of  250  copies,  30Z.  ;  an  edition  of 
Balzac  on  Japanese  vellum,  11  vols.,  1897, 
6L  10s.  ;  and  Bancroft's  works  on  Western  Ame- 
rican origins,  39  vols.,  191.  Under  Ward  Beecher 
is  Abbott's  sketch  of  his  career,  New  York,  1883, 
4s.  Qd.  This  volume  ends  with  statistics  of  the 
proceeds  of  the  auctions  by  which  the  preacher 
let  his  pews.  A  rich  collection  of  Bibles  includes 
a  fine  copy  of  the  rare  version  by  Matthew,  1537, 
551.  ;  also  two  fine  copies  of  the  second  edition 
of  Coverdale.  An  original  copy  of  Botta's 
'  Monument  de  Ninive  '  is  35Z.  There  is  Southey's 
copy  of  Brathwait's  '  English  Gentleman  and 
English  Gentlewoman  '  ;  it  is  the  third  edition, 
revised  and  enlarged,  1641,  11.  10s.  The  following 
is  part  of  the  note  written  by  the  poet  on  the  fly- 
leaf :  "  The  second  edition  of  the  English  Gentle- 
man (1633,  sm.  4to)  was  dedicated  to  the  Nobly 
accomplished  the  Right  Honourable  Thomas 
Viscount  Wentworth,  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland. 
....  In  the  present  edition  it  is  enlarged  but  not 
otherwise  altered.  I  hope  the  Bookseller  and 
not  the  Author  may  have  been  the  person  who 
struck  out  from  the  superscription  the  name  of  the 
greatest  man  of  his  age  ;  and  substituted  in  its 
place  that  of  the  most  worthless."  There  are 
sets  of  The  Garden,  Fraser,  Engineering,  and  many 
other  publications. 


Two  volumes  for  subscribers  are  to  be  pub- 
lished of  the  excavations  at  the  Glastonbury 
Lake  Village,  1892-1907.  The  writers  are  Mr. 
Arthur  Bulleid,  the  discoverer  of  the  site,  and 
Mr.  H.  St.  George  Gray,  well  known  for  his 
work  in  excavation.  There  will  be  an  intro- 
ductory chapter  by  Dr.  Robert  Munro,  and  also 
reports  on  the  human  and  animal  remains,  bird 
bones,  botanical  specimens,  and  metals,  by 
experts.  The  work  will  be  published  in  a  hand- 
some style  with  numerous  illustrations  by  the 
Glastonbury  Antiquarian  Society,  and  Mr.  Gray 
at  Taunton  Castle,  Somerset,  will  answer  further 
inquiries  concerning  it. 


WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

G.  W.  E.  R.  and  H.  K.  ST.  J.  S.— Forwarded. 

NORTH  MIDLAND  ("  George  III.'s  Birthday  "). 
—He  was  born  on  24  May,  1738,  before  the  altera- 
tion of  the  calendar.  See  the  interesting  note  by 
MR.  A.  F.  ROBBINS  at  9  S.  iv.  305. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  so,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


81 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  30,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-NO.  31. 

NOTES  :— S.  Joseph,  Sculptor,  81— Danteiana,  82— Richard 
Sare,  Bookseller  —  Hakluyt  and  Bristol— 'The  Star- 
Spangled  Banner,'  84— Pitt's  Statue  in  Hanover  Square- 
Thomas  Coryate's  Death— Prior  Thomas  Percy,  85— John 
Ranking— "  Sokol "  and  Bohemian  Physical  Culture- 
Sweepstake  as  Surname  —  "  Leap  in  the  Dark"  in 
Parliament,  86. 

•QUERIES  :-" Storm  in  a  teacup"— Rev.  M.  W.  Peters,  86 
—Col.  J.  B.  Glegg— Edward  Bull,  Publisher— Stone  in 
Pentonville  Road— J.  M.  Que"rard— Writers  on  Music- 
Sir  S.  Duncombe— Dickens  on  Royal  Humane  Society— 
Abp.  Montaigne,  87 — Authors  Wanted — Amaneuus  as 
Christian  Name  —  The  Sleepless  Arch  —  Christopher 
Moore  —  "  Portygne  "  —  Bp.  E.  Wetenhall  —  Sir  John 
Wilson— John  Worthen— Sir  John  Alleyn  :  Dame  Ethel- 
dreda  Alleyn,  88 — David  Hughson — Corio  Arms — 'The 
Case  Altered '  —  Friendless  Wapentake  —  '  Erlkonigs 
Tochter'— Pearson  Family,  89. 

REPLIES  : — Thames  Water  Company,  89 — Nelson's  Birth- 
place, 91  — Barabbas  a  Publisher  —  Authors  Wanted  — 
"  Merluche, "  92  —  Col.  Skelton  —  ' '  Tilleul "— ' '  Quilt  "— 
Snuff-box  Inscription— Sir  W.  B.  "Rush,  93— Strettell- 
Utterson  —  Paris  Family — iSir  Matthew  Philip — 'Draw- 
ing-Room Ditties '—Tennyson's  'Margaret,'  94— Knapp 
Family — Garrick's  Version  of  '  Romeo  and  Juliet' — Moses 
and  Pharaoh's  Daughter -Pigeon -houses  in  the  Middle 
Ages,  95 — '  Tess  of  the  D'Urbervilles ' — E.  Hatton — Stones 
in  Early  Village  Life— 'Sir  Ed  ward  Sea  ward's  Narrative,' 
96— Garibaldi  and  his  Flag— Cowes  Family— Circle  of 
Loda  — Market  Day,  97  —  Goldsmith  and  Hackney  — 
George  I.  Statues,  98— Queen  Katherine  Parr— Duchess 
of  Palata,  99. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS :— '  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,'  edited 
by  Greg—"  The  Little  Guides." 


S.  JOSEPH,  SCULPTOR. 

THE  following  list  has  come  into  my  hands 
through  granddaughters  of  the  sculptor. 
Busts,  like  portraits,  probably  easily  lose 
their  attribution,  and  it  is  well  to  have  them 
put  on  record.  It  will  also  be  useful  as  a 
list  of  portraits,  although  the  present  loca- 
tion is  lacking.  There  are  a  number  of  busts 
in  the  Scottish  National  Portrait  Gallery,  and 
several  in  the  Law  Courts  at  Edinburgh. 

In  England  the  best -known  work  of 
Joseph  is  the  delightful  statue  of  Wilber- 
force  in  Westminster  Abbey,  of  which 
Thomas  Brock.  R.A.,  says  :  "  The  fineness 
and  beauty  of  this  masterpiece  would  be 
•difficult  to  surpass  in  any  age."  The  original 
competition  plaster  sketch  for  this  is  still  in 
the  hands  of  the  family. 

This  is  by  no  means  a  complete  list  of  the 
sculptor's  works,  but  presumably  only  of 
those  of  which  the  plaster  casts  were  in  his 
hands  at  the  time. 

Joseph  was  a  pupil  of  Flaxman,  and  did 
much  of  the  work  of  the  famous  Achilles 
shield.  He  was  a  friend  of  Walter  Scott 
and  the  Edinburgh  literary  set  of  the  day, 


and  was  an  original  member  of  the  Scottish 
Royal  Academy.  He  came  to  London  about 
1830  and  was  a  favourite  in  artistic  and 
literary  circles.  It  may  be  worth  recording 
here  that  his  daughter  Emily  (afterwards 
Mrs.  Geo.  T.  Tweed  of  Honiton),  who 
died  in  1904,  was  the  model  from  whom 
Uwins  painted  the  well-known  '  Chapeau  de 
Brigand  *  now  in  the  National  Gallery  or 
on  loan.  > : 

A  CATALOGUE  OP  MR.  JOSEPH'S  PRIVATE  GALLERY 
OP  BUSTS,  CONSISTING  CHIEFLY  OP  EMINENT 
SCOTCH  CHARACTERS  EXECUTED  DURING 
HIS  LATE  RESIDENCE  IN  EDINBURGH. 

To  be  seen  by  Tickets  at  his  House .... 
[the  rest  torn  off]. 

BUSTS. 

1.  Bust  of  His  Most  Gracious  Majesty  George  the 
Fourth.  Executed  by  command,  of  His 
Majesty. 

The  late  Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  Morton. 
G.  Stuart  Monteath,  Esq.,  of  Closeburn. 
The  late  George  Rennie,  Esq.,  of  Phantassie. 
The  Revd.  Dr.  Chalmers. 

Thomas    Allan,    Esq.,    of    Laurieston,    Edin- 
burgh. 

The  late  Dr.  Barclay,  Lecturer  on  Anatomy, 
&c.,  in  Edinburgh. 

Esq.,     Advocate,     &e., 


2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 
6. 

7. 
8. 
9. 

10. 
11. 

12. 

13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 

17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 

22. 
23. 
24. 

25. 
26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 

32. 
33. 
34. 
35. 
36. 
37. 
38. 


Esq.,     Civil     Engineer, 


Pro- 


Thomas     Thomson, 

Edinburgh. 
Robert     Stevenson, 

Edinburgh. 

The  Revd.  Dr.  Peddie,  of  Edinburgh. 
The   late    John   Flaxman,    Esq.,    R.A., 

fessor  of  Sculpture  in  R.A. 
Lieut.-Gen.    Sir    Herbert    Taylor,    Adjutant- 
Gen,  of  H.M.  Forces. 
The  late  Professor  Dugald  Stewart. 
James  Hamilton,  Esq.,  of  Homehead,  N.B. 
Thomas  Stothard,  Esq.,  R.A. 
The  late  Revd.  Sir  Henry  Wellwood  Moncrieff, 

Bart. 

Miss  Margaret  Alison. 
His  Grace  the  Duke  of  Argyll. 
John  Jackson,  Esq.,  R.A. 
Robert  Ferguson,  Esq.,  of  Raith,  &c.  &c. 
David  Wilkie,  Esq.,  R.A.,  Principal  Portrait 

Painter  to  His  Majesty. 

Lieut. -General  Sir  Ronald  Ferguson,  K.C.B. 
John  Listen,  Esq. 
The  Hon.  Lord  Eldin  (formerly  John  Clerk, 

Esq.,  of  Eldin). 

The  late  Infant  Son  of  the  Hon.  Lord  Elcho. 
The  late  Dr.  Gregory,  of  Edinburgh. 
Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  Lowry  Cole,  K.C.B. 
The  late  Sir  Humphry  Davy,  Bart. 
The  late  Matthew  Miller,  Esq. 
Lord  Moncrieff,  of  Edinburgh. 
John     Leslie,     Esq.,     Professor    of     Natural 
Philosophy  in  the  University  of  Edinburgh. 
The  Right  Hon.  Lord  John  Campbell. 
Gen.  Hamilton,  of  Dalziel. 
Mrs.  Frederick  North. 
Charles  Kemble,  Esq. 
The  Rt.  Hon.  the  Countess  of  Kintore. 
Walter  Fergus,  Esq.,  Provost  of  Kirkcaldy. 
The  late  President  of  the  Royal  Academy, 

Sir  Thomas  Lawrence. 


82 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  JULY  so,  1910. 


39.  Hamilton  Grey,  Esq.,  of  Carntyne,  N.B. 

40.  The    Lord    Provost    of    Edinburgh    (William 

Allan,  Esq.,  of  Glen  and  Hillside). 

41.  Mrs.  William  Russel,  Daughter  of  Lady  Char- 

lotte Campbell. 

42.  Alexander  Allan,  Esq. 

43.  The  late  Alexander  Allan,  Esq.,  of  Hillside, 

Edinburgh. 

44.  Dr.  James  Hamilton,  of  Edinburgh. 

45.  The  Revd.  Archibald  Alison,  Author  of  the 

'  Essays  on  Taste,'  &c.  &c. 

46.  Francis  Jeffrey,  Esq.,  Dean  of  Faculty. 

47.  Henry    Mackenzie,    Esq.,    Author    of    '  The 

Man  of  Feeling,'  &c.  &c. 

48.  His  Excellency  Lord  Bloomfield. 

49.  Flounders,  Esq.  - 

50.  The  late  Robert  Ramsay,  Esq. 

51.  The     late     Dr.    Campbell,     of     Aberdeen — 

executed  for  the  College. 

52.  Miss  Janet  Rennie. 

53.  The  late  Mrs.  Vidal. 

54.  A    Sketch    of    Monsieur    Alexandre,    in    the 

assumed  Character  of  the  French  Doctor. 

55.  His  Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of  Sussex. 

56.  Lady  Ellinor  Campbell. 

57.  William  Trotter,  Esq.,  of  Ballendean,  N.B. 

58.  Davies  Gilbert,  Esq.,  M.P.,  President  of  the 
Royal  Society. 

59.  Dr.  M'Lagan,  of  Edinburgh. 

60.  Perkins,  Esq.,  Civil  Engineer. 

61.  The  Right  Hon.  the  Chief  Commissioner  of 

Scotland,  Sir  Wm.  Adam. 

62.  Dr.  M'Culloch. 

63.  Robert  Buchan,  Esq. 

64.  Lady  White. 

65.  Mrs.  Thomas  Kinnear. 

66.  John  Prideaux  Selby,  Esq.,  of  Twizel  House, 

Northumberland  ;    Author    of    *  History    of 
Birds',  &c.  &c. 

67.  Richard   Ellison,   Esq.,   of  Sudbrook  Holme, 

near  Lincoln. 

68.  Sketch  for  a  Monument  to  the  Memory  of  the 

late  Earl  of  Hopetoun. 

69.  Sketch  for  a  Monument  to  the  Memory  of  the 

late  Right  Hon.  Wm.  Pitt. 

70.  Part  of  a    Design    for  a  Monument    to   the 

Memory  of   His  late  Royal   Highness  the 
Duke  of  York. 

71.  Sketch  for  a  Monument  to  the  Memory  of 

the  late  Profes.  Dugald  Stewart. 

The  following  are  on  a  new  page  : — 

COMMENCEMENT  OF  A  SERIES  OP  SMALL  BUSTS  OF 
EMINENT  CHARACTERS  INTENDED  TO  BE 
EXECUTED  IN  BRONZE. 

1.  Bust  of  His  Most  Gracious  Majesty  George 

the  Fourth. 

2.  Ditto,    the    late     President    of     the     Royal 

Academy,  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence. 

3.  Ditto,  Sir  Walter  Scott,  Bart. 

4.  Ditto,  the  late  Professor  Dugald  Stewart. 

5.  Ditto,  John  Flaxman,  Esq.,  R.A. 

6.  Ditto,  Henry  Mackenzie,  Esq. 

7.  Ditto,  David  Wilkie,  Esq.,  R.A. 

8.  Ditto,  Thomas  Stothard,  Esq.,  R.A. 

9.  Ditto,  Professor  Leslie. 
10.  Ditto,  John  Liston,  Esq. 


George  Boyle,  Printer,  284,  Regent  Street. 

RALPH  NEVILL,  F.S.A. 
Castle  Hill,  Guildford. 


DANTEIANA. 


I. 


Inf.?  xvii.  21  : — 

E  come  la  tra  li  Tedeschi  lurchi. 
It  is  doubtful  whether  this  hostile  line  merits 
the  emphasis  of  comment.  Many  treat  it 
with  the  rebuke  of  silence.  Lombard! 
contents  himself  with  referring  to  Tacit  us' s 
'  De  Mor.  Germ.,?  and  observing  : — 

"  E  da  riflettersi,  che  i  nostri  Jpadri  da  van 
questo  epiteto  sempre  in  disprezzo." 

And  so  Dante  meant  it,  whether  we  render 
lurchi  as  *'  greedy  German  boor "  (Gary), 
"  guzzling  Germans  "  (Tomlinson),  "  full- 
fed  Germans"  (Plumptre),  or  "gobbling 
Germans "  (Ford).  But  why  and  whence- 
this  venomous  expression  ?  Is  it  open  to 
explanation  or  attenuation  ?  The  possi- 
bility of  either  alternative  is  my  only  warrant 
for  dealing  with  it  here.  Dean  Plumptre's 
view  is  : — 

"  The  poet's  ideal  imperialism  was  obviously 
compatible  with  a  strong  dislike  to  the  Teuton 
as  such.  For  the  character  given  to  Germans- 
comp.  Shakesp;,  '  Merch.  of  Ven.,'  I.  ii." 

The  reference  (1.  82)  runs  thus  : — 

Ner.  How  like  you  the  young  German,  the 
Duke  of  Saxony's  nephew  ? 

For.  Very  vilely  in  the  morning,  when  he  is 
sober,  and  most  vilely  in  the  afternoon,  when  he 
is  drunk. 

The  comparison  is  not  to  the  credit  of 
either  poet,  though  probably  both  expres- 
sions merely  reflect  biased  Italian  opinion 
in  their  respective  periods  (1300,  1595).  But 
neither  charge  deserved  such  brutal  im- 
mortality. Reduced  to  their  elemental 
dimensions,  the  antipathy  of  the  untravelled 
Shakespeare  and  that  of  the  more  experienced 
Dante  evidently  alike  originated  in  a  fallacious 
ab  uno  disce  omnes  argument.  Of  the  latter 
Scartazzini  says,  commenting  on  this 
line  : — 

"  Dante  non  conosceva  per  avventura  che 
quei  Tedeschi  mandati  da  Manfredi  in  soccorso- 
dei  fuorusciti  Fiorentini  e  che  si  lasciarono- 
ubbriacare  da  Farinata  degli  Uberti." 

Possibly  also  the  poet  beheld  instances  of 
inebriety  amongst  the  dwellers  by  the 
Rhine  and  Danube  ;  more  probably  still  our 
own  poet's  solitary  instance  was  gleaned 
from  hearsay.  But  whencever  their  sources 
of  information,  neither  "ideal  imperialism," 
nor  national  disgust,  nor  personal  experi- 
ence, still  less  mere  hearsay,  justified  either 
of  them  in  branding  to  posterity  an  entire- 
nation  with  the  shortcomings  of  a  few  of  its 
representatives.  It  is  open  to  debate  whether 
the  England  and  Italy  of  their  epochs  could 
not  be  similarly  stigmatized. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  so,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


83 


But  as  a  reference  to  the  MS.  variants  of 
this  offensive  phrase  will  possess  more 
interest  for  some  students  than  an  inquiry 
into  its  raison  d' et re,  I  append  the  following, 
culled  (except  the  last)  from  Dr.  Moore's 
'  Textual  Criticism  of  the  "  D.  C."  J  :  "  Tran 
Ii"  is  found  in  MS.  A.  (De  Batines,  491). 
This  MS.  is  in  the  Bodleian,  "  a  fine  MS.  on 
vellum,  in  large  folio Its  date  is  pro- 
bably that  of  the  early  part  of  the  15th 
century."  C.  has  "  elurchi  "  (De  Bat.,  492), 
"another  beautifully  written  MS.  in  the 
Bodleian  on  vellum.  .  .  .not  later  than  1380," 
while  a  has  "  ilurchi  "  (De  Bat.,  537).  "  This 
very  beautiful  MS.  in  the  British  Museum,  the 
gem  of  the  whole  collection,  dates  from 
about  the  middle  of  the  14th  century." 
A  and  H  (De  Bat.,  486),  both  also  in  the 
Bodleian,  have  "  tedeschi  Ii  urchi  "  ;  and 
E.  (De  Bat.,  489),  likewise  in  the  Bodleian, 
a  MS.  on  paper,  in  large  folio,  of  which 
the  date  is  given  in  the  colophon  (Finito  adi 
15  Febrar,  14^},  has  "  todeschi  burchi." 

Of  perhaps  wider  insular  interest  is  the 
variant  in  the  Landi  Codex  (on  paper)  in 
the  John  Rylands  Library  in  this  city,  which 
has  "  E  come  la  tralli  tedeschi  eliurchi," 
a  somewhat  unusual  phrasing,  for  which 
I  am  indebted  to  the  Librarian,  Mr.  H. 
Guppy,  who  observes  in  supplying  it  : — 

"  A  correction  has  been  made  in  what  must  be 
a  slightly  later  hand  by  stroking  through  the  e 
and  the  i  of  '  eliurchi,'  and  a  marginal  reading 
given  as  '  latralli  tedeschi  lurchi.'  " 

The  intended  emendation,  at  least  in  the 
corrector's  careless  union  of  three  words  in 
"latralli,"  is  less  acceptable  than  the  text, 
the  II  of  which  allies  it  with  the  curious 
orthography  of  MSS.  II  and  <£  as  instanced 
by  Dr.  Moore. 

This  valuable  MS.,  of  date  1416,  possesses 
additional  interest  on  account  of  its  com- 
posite character,  containing,  besides  the 
text  of  the  *  D.  C.'  (with  Latin  and  Italian 
marginal  glosses),  a  Latin  poem  by  Ben- 
venuto  da  Imola,  two  Latin  ethical  treatises, 
a  '  Cangone  di  Dante  Aleghieri,J  a  Latin 
prayer  of  St.  Augustine,  an  Italian  transla- 
tion of  Cicero's  '  De  Senectute,'  &c.  I 
inspected  it  in  June,  1905,  and  quoted  from 
it  at  10  S.  iii.  483  and  xii.  449.  It  is  as 
yet  little  known  to  Dantologists,  but,  in 
addition  to  my  references  in  '  N  &  Q.,1  it 
has  .been  admirably  introduced  to  them  by 
Dr.  Aluigi  Cossio  in  the  June  issue  of  The 
Antiquary.  The  transcriber  is  unknown 
beyond  his  name  (Bartholomew  Landi  de 
Landis),  occupation  (notary),  birthplace 
(Prato),  and  later  residence  at  Volterra, 
where  he  concluded  his  translation  of 


Cicero's  work,  23  Dec.,  1426  ;  but  no  future 
Dante  bibliography  will  be  complete  without 
reference  to  his  important  legacy. 

II.  Ibid.,  68-9  :— 

Sappi  che  il  mio  vicin  Vitaliano 
Sedera  qui  dal  mio  sinistro  fianco. 
This  passage  is  mainly  remarkable  for  a  fact 
thus  stated  by  Dean  Plumptre  : — 

"  For  the  first  time  we  have,  as  it  were,  a 
prophetic  condemnation  of  one  who  was  living- 
at  the  date  assumed  for  the  vision,  but  dead 
when  he  wrote  this  canto." 

But  the  identity  of  this  Vitaliano  is  less 
easy  to  determine.  Some  commentators,, 
with  more  assurance  than  accuracy,  boldly 
proclaim  him  to  be  Vitaliano  del  Dente. 
Says  Scartazzini  :— 

"  Gli  antichi  comm.  [he  might  have  added  some 
moderns  also,  e.g.,  Gary,  Bianchi,  Venturi,  Lom- 
bardi]  dicono  pressoche  unanimi  che  costui  fosse 
Vitaliano  del  Dente,  eletto  podesta  nel  1307. 
II  Morpurgo  si  avvisa  invece  che  Dante  parli  dE 
certo  Vitaliano  di  Jacopo  Vitaliani,  usuraio 
marcio  :  '  Dante  e  Padova,'  p.  213  e  seg." 

The  great  commentator  adds  a  humorous 
tag  to  his  note:  "Che  tutti  gli  antichi 
abbiano  preso  un  granchio  ?  "  Is  this 
expression  ("caught  a  crab")  equivalent 
to  our  "  finding  a  mare's  nest  "  ? 

Dean  Plumptre  confidently  sides  with 
Morpurgo  : — 

"  He  is  identified  with  a  Vitaliano  dei  Vitaliani 
of  Padua,  whose  usury  was  notorious,  and  of 
whom  a  local  chronicle  of  1323  speaks  as  con- 
demned to  Hell  by  the  Doctor  Vulgaris,  sc.  Dante,. 
as  the  great  scholastic  poet  who  had  written  in 
Italian." 

The  Rev.  H.  F.  Tozer  ('English  Com- 
mentary on  the  "  D.  C."  ')  is  more  wary, 
and  wisely  observes  : — 

"  Vitaliano  :  he  was  still  alive,  but  as  to  who 
he  was  there  are  conflicting  views." 

His  interpretation,  however,  of  "sinistro,'2 
"  as  being  the  worse  of  the  two,"  seems  to 
me  to  be  less  wise,  although  he  has  Scartaz- 
zini's  support  for  it — "  perch  e  piu  colpevole 
di  me."  Surely  "  sinistro  fianco  "  has 
neither  an  heraldic  nor  an  ethical  significa- 
tion, and  can  only  mean  what  the  words 
naturally  and  grammatically  imply — "  left  " 
side  or  hand,  which,  qualified  by  "mio,?? 
would  obviously  attach  the  greater  culpa- 
bility to  the  speaker  (conjecturally,  from 
the  device — a  sow  azure  on  field  argent — 
of  his  family,  Reginald  Scrovigni,  "  usuraio 
famigerato,"  says  Scartazzini).  And  this 
is  further  confirmed  if,  as  has  apparently 
been  done,  "  sinistro  "  is  taken  as  an  equi- 
valent to  our  "sinister,"  which  signifies 
bad,  unlucky,  unjust,  unfair,  perverse,  as 
well  as  "  left," 


84 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [11  s.  n.  JULY  ao,  1910. 


For   some    curious   MS.    variants    of    the 
•couplet    under    review     ("  Vitiliano,'*    D. 
"Italiano,"  K.  ;    "Dal  tuo  sin.,'?  G.,   &c. 
the   student   is   referred   to   Dr.   Moore   (ut 
•supra}.  J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 


RICHARD  SARE,  BOOKSELLER. 

THERE  are  comparatively  few  biographies  oi 
booksellers,  and  there  is  certainly  no 
adequate  history  of  the  English  book-trade. 
It  may  therefore  not  be  without  interest 
-to  set  down  some  notes  about  a  worthy 
bookseller  of  the  eighteenth  century.  He  is 
not  mentioned  by  Timperley.  His  funeral 
sermon  was  preached  by  a  man  of  distinction, 
Dr.  George  Stanhope,  Dean  of  Canterbury. 
It  is  from  this  sermon  that  the  following 
particulars  are  ta"ken.  The  Dean's  text  was 
taken  from  Psalm  cvii.  30-31.  After  speak- 
ing of  his  more  than  thirty  years'  acquaint- 
ance with  Sare,  he  continued  : — 

"  His  Descent  was  from  the  Clergy  ;  to  which 
Order  his  whole  Character  and  Conduct  was  not 
•only  suitable,  but  an  Ornament  and  a  Blessing. 
For  he  both  believed,  and  lived,  as  became  one 
so  born  and  bred  ;  and  was  a  true  son  of  the 
Christian  in  General,  and  of  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land in  particular.  And  This,  not  from  Fashion, 
or  Education,  or  Interest  only  ;  but  upon  Principle, 
and  Judgment,  and  such  well  weighed  Convic- 
tion, as  enabled  him  with  great  Readiness,  to 
give  an  answer,  as  St.  Peter  exhorts,  to  every  one 
that  should  ask  him  a  Reason  of  the  Hope  that 
was  in  him. 

"  His  Knowledge  of  Books  and  Men,  the 
Candour  and  Ingenuity  of  his  Temper,  the  oblig- 
ing Manner  of  his  Behaviour,  and  the  gratefull 
Acknowledgments  of  any  Favours  and  Benefits 
received,  did  indeed  long  time  since,  effectually 
recommend  him,  not  only  to  the  Countenance  and 
•Conversation,  but  also  to  the  Friendship  and 
special  Regards  of  many  Persons,  eminent  both 
•in  Post  and  Learning. 

"  Nor  ought  I  to  omit,  that  I  scarce  ever  heard 
his  Name,  come  out  of  the  mouth  of  our  present 
most  Reverend  Primate,  without  being  honour'd 
by  some  Epithet,  which  spoke  Affection,  and 
Esteem  for  him. 

"  His  Fortune,  like  most  of  Theirs  who  are  Sons 
of  Our  Order,  was  originally  very  moderate  ;  But 
given  him  by  his  Father,  with  this  comfortable 
Declaration  ;  that  he  might  depend  upon  that 
little  wearing  like  Iron,  since  there  was  not  one 
dishonest  Penny  in  it.  So  carefully  had  that 
Maxim  of  the  Psalmist,  been  instill'd  into  this  Son ; 
a  small  Thing  that  the  Righteous  hath,  is  better 
than  great  Riches  of  the  ungodly.  As  that  Saying 
of  the  good  old  Man  made  great  Impression,  so, 
he  told  me,  the  Experience  which  Verify'd  it, 
made  continually  greater ;  and  confirmed  him 
more  and  more  in  his  good  Purposes,  of  taking  the 
same  honest  Course  to  insure  a  blessing,  upon 
whatsoever  Addition  to  those  slender  Beginnings, 
tthe  kind  Providence  of  God  should  enable  him 
to  make. 


"  How  constant  he  was  to  this  Resolution, 
They,  who  dealt  with  him  in  the  Way  of  Trade, 
best  can,  and  will,  I  doubt  not,  bear  him  Testi- 
mony. 

"  One  Instance  of  it  he  hath  often  told  me,  which 
ought  not  to  be  passed  over  in  Silence,  because 
much  to  his  Honour.  It  is,  that  he  would  never 
suffer  himself,  by  any  Temptation  of  Profit,  to  be 
concern'd  in  publishing  any  Book,  obnoxious  to 
the  Censure  of  our  Governours,  either  in  Church 
or  State,  or  any  way  prejudicial  to  Religion  oh 
good  Manners.  A  Reader  therefore  may,  with 
great  Security,  after  his  Name  seen  in  the  Title- 

Sage,  go  on,  and  depend  upon  finding  the  whole 
lat  follows,  innocent  at  least  always  ;  and  for 
the  most  Part  usefull  and  greatly  edifying.  I 
hope,  of  this  commendable  Conduct  we  have  many 
more  Examples  ;  and  happy  sure  it  were,  if  All  of 
the  same  Profession,  would  walk  by  the  same 
rule." 

The  sermon  is  entitled  : — 
"  Death  just  Matter  of  Joy  to  good  Men.  A  Ser- 
mon preach'd  at  the  Parish  Church  of  St.  Pancras, 
on  Tuesday  the  llth  of  February,  1723.  At  the 
funeral  of  Mr.  Richard  Sare,  of  London,  Book- 
seller. By  George  Stanhope,  D.D.,  Dean  of 
Canterbury  and  Chaplain  in  Ordinary  to  his 
Majesty.  London  Printed  by  W.  Bowyer  for 
Richard  Williamson,  near  Grays  -  Inn  Gate  in 
Holborn,  1724."  4to,  pp.  24. 

These  biographical  data,   although  some 
of  them  are  rather  vague,  should  be  placed 
on  record  where  they  can  easily  be   found 
when  needed.          WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 
191,  Plymouth  Grove,  Manchester. 


HAKLUYT  AND  BBISTOL. — A  tablet  has 
just  been  placed  at  the  east  end  of  the  north 
choir  aisle  of  Bristol  Cathedral  with  this 
inscription  : — 

"  To  the  glory  of  God  and  the  pious  memory 
of  Richard  Hakluyt,  A.M.,  Queen's  Scholar  of 
Westminster  School,  student  of  Christ  Church, 
Oxford,  sometime  Archdeacon  of  Westminster, 
and  for  30  years  Prebendary  of  this  Cathedral 
hurch  (MDLXXXVI. — MDCXVI.),  who  by  his 
listorical  collections  earned  the  gratitude  both 
of  his  country  and  of  this  ancient  port.  His 
studious  imagination  discovered  new  paths  for 
geographical  science,  and  his  patriotic  labours 
•escued  from  oblivion  not  a  few  of  those  who 
went  down  to  the  sea  in  ships,  to  be  harbingers 
of  Empire,  descrying  new  lands  and  finding  larger 
room  for  their  race.  A.S.,  MDCCCCX.  '  The  ardent 
ove  of  my  country  devoured  all  difficulties.' 
From  Hakluyt's  dedication  prefixed  to  the  second 
edition  of  the  Voyages.)" 

Canon  Talbot  raised  the  fund,  the  Royal 
geographical  Society  being  donors  of  more 
)han  half  the  total.  Mr.  Sidney  Irwin  of 
Clifton  College  wrote  the  inscription. 

CHARLES  WELLS. 

Bristol. 

'  THE  STAR-SPANGLED  BANNER.' — The  fol- 
owing  note,  derived  from  the  President  of  the 
Burrows  Brothers  Company  of  Cleveland, 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  so,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


85 


seems  of  interest.  In  a  work  on  '  The 
American  Flag,'  edited  by  Mr.  Harlan  H. 
Homer,  which  the  Department  of  Education 
of  New  York  State  is  publishing,  the  state- 
ment is  made  that  the  original  publication 
in  a  newspaper  of  '  The  Star-Spangled 
Banner  '  was  on  September  21st,  1814,  in 
The  Baltimore  American,  and  this  is  the 
accepted  view. 

But  it  is  now  shown  that  the  poem 
appeared  in  The  Baltimore  Patriot  and  Even- 
ing Advertiser  on  Tuesday  evening,  Septem- 
ber 20th,  a  day  earlier.  This  paper  was  dis- 
covered by  Mr.  J.  C.  Fitzpatrick  of  the 
Library  of  Congress.  The  new  date  will 
appear  in  the  eighth  volume  of  Mr.  Avery's 
'  History  of  the  United  States,'  published 
by  the  Burrows  Brothers  Company. 

N.  M. 

PITT'S  STATUE  IN  HANOVER  SQUARE. — 
At  10  S.  ix.  283  MR.  JOHN  T.  PAGE  men- 
tioned the  "  Statue  of  William  Pitt,  Hanover 
Square. — Erected  in  1831  at  a  cost  of  7,OOOZ., 
subscribed  by  admirers  of  the  great  states- 
man."- 

The  following  letter  on  the  subject,  which 
appeared  in  The  Morning  Post  of  18  July,  is 
of  special  interest  in  this  connexion  : — 

SIB, — TheHanover  Square  Enclosure  Committee 
have  been  recently  considering  the  condition  of 
the  statue  of  Pitt  in  that  square.  They  feel  that 
its  appearance  is  more  or  less  of  a  disgrace  to 
one  of  the  principal  squares  in  London.  The  first 
difficulty  which  confronts  them  in  their  endeavour 
for  a  better  state  of  things  is  the  question  of 
ownership.  Will  you  grant  them  the  hospitality 
of  your  columns  to  ask  the  question  publicly  : 
To  whom  does  the  statue  of  Pitt  in  Hanover 
Square  belong  ?  Is  there  any  representative  of 
the  family  who  would  undertake  the  cost  of 
cleansing  the  statue  ?  Yours,  &c., 

J.  SLOUGHGROVE, 
Secretary,  Enclosure  Committee. 

ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

THOMAS  CORYATE  :  DATE  OF  HIS  DEATH. 

We  are  told  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  that  he  died  of  a 
flux  at  Surat  in  December,  1617.  On  the 
other  hand,  G.  Gerrard,  writing  to  Carleton 
on  9  January,  1619,  states  that  a  vessel  from 
Surat  brings  news  from  Sir  Thomas  Roe  in 
Persia,  and  that  Coryat  has  died  in  those 
parts,  and  has  left  enough  written  to  fill 
the  world  with  new  relations.  Again, 
Archbishop  Abbot  wrote  to  Sir  Thomas 
Roe  on  19  February,  1619,  that  the  king 
blamed  some  of  Thomas  Coryat's  tales  from 
the  East  (Domestic  State  Papers  under 
dates).  This  refers  probably  to  his  last 
letter  from  Agra,  31  October,  1616,  which 
\va.s  printed  in  1618.  L.  L.  K. 


THOMAS  PERCY,  PRIOR  OF  HOLY  TRINITY,, 
ALDGATE.  —  In  the  London  volume  of  the 
Victoria  County  Histories,  p.  471,  there  is 
an  error  which  (by  implication)  impugns  my 
own  accuracy,  and  which  is  a  striking  illus- 
tration of  the  importance  to  young  authors 
(and  indeed  to  "  old  hands  "  also)  of  the 
advice  "  always  verify  your  references." 

In  my  'Aldermen  of  London,'  p.  418,  I 
have  stated  that  Percy  was  Prior  of  Holy 
Trinity  (in  succession  to  Newton,  who  had 
been  elected  on  the  death  of  Charnock  in 
1505)  from  October,  1506,  till  (his  death  in> 
1512,  being  succeeded  by  Bradwell.  That 
statement  is  accurate,  and  can  be  verified 
by  reference  to  the  patents  at  the  Record 
Office. 

Miss  Reddan,  who  contributes  to  this 
volume  of  the  County  History  the  article  on 
the  religious  houses,  in  which  Holy  Trinity 
is  included,  says  that  "  Percy  was  not  Prior 
in  1506  nor  in  1509,  though  he  may  have 
been  reinstated  before  his  death  in  1512,'* 
referring  in  foot-notes  to  (1)  Letters  and 
Papers  Henry  VIII.  xvi.  503  (15),  and  (2), 
Ancient  Deeds,  Public  Record  Office,  A 
1773,  as  authorities  for  her  statement. 

The  first  reference  is  to  a  lease  granted 
by  Prior  Newton  in  February,  1506  (i.e.* 
1505/6),  which  proves  that  Percy  was  not 
Prior  on  a  particular  day  in  that  month  of 
1506,  but  does  not  prove  that  he  was  "not 
Prior  in  1506.n  Miss  Reddan's  second 
reference  is  to  the  printed  '  Calendar  of 
Ancient  Deeds,'  and  not,  as  one  would 
naturally  infer,  to  the  deed  itself.  The 
Calendar  gives  "  4  May,  1  Hen.  VIII.,"  i.e., 
1509,  as  the  date  of  a  deed  in  which  Bradwell 
is  named  as  Prior.  If,  instead  of  being  con- 
tent with  the  Calendar,  Miss  Reddan  had 
referred  to  the  deed  itself,  she  would  have 
seen  that  the  deed  is  actually  dated  4  May 
"  anno  octavo  Henrici  octavi  "  (i.e.  8  Henry 
VIII.,  1516).  I  may  add  that  the  writing 
of  the  deed  is  perfectly  clear,  and  that,  to 
"  make  assurance  double  sure,"  I  asked  my 
criend  Dr.  W.  A.  Shaw,  who  is  an  expert  in 
such  things,  to  look  at  the  manuscript  with 
me.  This  is  not  the  only  case  in  which 
[  have  found  the  *  Calendar  of  Ancient 
Deeds '  misleading.  The  true  date  of  the 
deed  (1516)  is  quite  consistent  with  the 
dates  I  have  quoted  above  from  my  '  Alder- 
men of  London,'  and  obviously  does  not 
support  Miss  Reddan's  inference  from  the 
date  given  in  the  Calendar. 

As  I  am  criticizing  Miss  Reddan  for  an 
error  into  which  any  one  but  such  a  con- 
firmed sceptic  as  myself  with  regard 


86 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [n  s.  n.  JULY  so,  1910. 


to  accepted  historical  authorities  might 
naturally  fall,  I  feel  it  due  to  her  to  say 
that,  so  far  as  I  am  competent  to  judge,  her 
work  seems  to  be  admirably  and  carefully 
done,  and  I  should  be  sorry  to  appear  to 
detract  from  its  merits. 

ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 
Leamington. 

JOHN  BANKING. — I  have  just  seen  by 
•chance  an  inquiry  by  MB.  E.  I.  CARLYLE  at 
8  S.  ix.  47  for  particulars  of  the  life  of  Mr. 
John  Ranking.  If  MR.  CARLYLE  is  still  in 
need  of  this  information,  I  shall  be  happy 
to  give  him  all  the  particulars  of  which  I  am 
in  possession,  if  he  will  write  to  me. 

GEORGE  RANKING,  Lieut.-Col. 

Beech  Lawn,  Park  Town,  Oxford. 

"  SOKOL,"  BOHEMIAN  UNION  FOR  PHYSI- 
CAL CULTURE. — The  visit  of  a  team  of 
Bohemian  athletes  to  this  country  will 
have  drawn  attention  to  the  word  sokol. 
The  movement  was  begun  in  1862  by  Dr. 
Miroslav  Tyr,  a  profound  Greek  scholar  and 
enthusiast  for  physical  culture.  Through 
his  exertions,  assisted  by  those  of  Mr.  Jind 
rich  Fiigner,  a  brotherhood  was  formed 
at  Prague  for  the  objects  of  mental  and 
physical  development,  and  before  the  deaths 
of  these  leaders  branches  were  established 
all  over  Bohemia.  The  members  adopted  a 
picturesque  dress,  with  the  sokol  (falcon) 
as  their  device.  Their  small  copper  badge 
shows  the  artistic  figure  of  a  fencer  to  his 
waist,  with  the  words  no,  straz  (on  guard). 
At  present  there  are  thousands  of  centres, 
and  vast  numbers  assemble  for  the  periodical 
displays  on  the  Letna  plain,  near  Prague. 
The  movement  has  spread  to  other  Slav 
countries,  including  Russia,  where  centres 
exist  in  several  large  towns. 

FRANCIS  P.  MARCHANT. 
Streatham  Common. 

SWEEPSTAKE  AS  A  SURNAME.  —  The  first 
occurrence  of  this  word,  probably,  is,  as  a 
surname,  in  the  Poll  Tax  for  Yorkshire, 
2  Richard  II.,  1378-9,  under  the  heading 
of  "  Berwyk,'2  in  Elmet,  near  Leeds  (Yorks 
Archceol.  Journal,  vi.  315)  :  "  Robertus 
Swepstak  et  ux  iiijd.n  It  was  not  "  Swep- 
rstaker,n  because  there  is  no  abbreviating 
mark.  A.  S.  ELLIS. 

"  LEAP  IN  THE  DARK  "  AS  PARLIAMENTARY 
PHRASE. — The  late  MR.  H.  CHICHESTER 
HART  quoted  at  9  S.  xi.  466  some  instances 
of  the  use  of  this  phrase  in  1708,  and  the 
•*  N.E.D.'-  shows  that  it  was  used  by  Van- 
fcurgh  and  Defoe  ;  but  the  Earl  of  Derby 


made  it  famous  in  1867.  The  first  use  of  it, 
however,  in  a  Parliamentary  manner  seems 
to  be  American  ;  for  on  28  February,  1848, 
Mr.  Sawyer  of  Ohio  said  in  the  House  of 
Representatives  at  Washington  that  his 
colleague  Mr.  Schenck  complained  that  in 
passing  the  Appropriation  Bill  then  ' '  they 
were  taking  a  leap  in  the  dark  "  (see  The 
Congressional  Globe,  Thirtieth  Congress, 
p.  393).  I  do  not  find  the  phrase  in  Mr. 
Schenck's  speech  as  reported. 

RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  name's  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"  STORM  IN  A  TEACUP." — Our  earliest 
example  at  present  of  this  familiar  expression 
is  of  1872.  It  was,  of  course,  in  use  long 
before  ;  but  I  do  not  know  who  originated 
it.  I  am  told  that  there  is  a  variant  with 
"  teapot  "  in  place  of  "  teacup. "  And  I  have 
seen  an  American  strengthened  equivalent, 
"  tempest  in  a  teapot.'1  I  should  be  glad  of. 
examples  of  the  first-mentioned  form  before 
1872,  and  of  the  variants  of  any  date. 

The  American  version  is  given  in  the 
supplemental  volume  to  '  The  Century 
Dictionary  l  published  last  year.  I  remem- 
ber its  occurrence  some  twenty  years  ago  in 
some  amusing  verses,  which  appeared  in  the 
American  newspapers,  on  the  seven  or  eight 
current  pronunciations  of  "  depot,'1  ending, 
if  I  remember  aright, 

So  all  this  wrangling  about  "  depot  " 
Was  but  a  tempest  in  a  teapot. 

I  had  a  copy  of  this,  which  I  have  mislaid.  If 
any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.,?  on  either  side  of  the 
Atlantic,  happens  to  have  preserved  it, 
or  knows  where  it  occurs,  I  should  be  glad 
to  see  it  again.  JAMES  A.  H.  MURRAY. 
Oxford. 

[MR.  A.  F.  BOBBINS  quoted  at  10  S.  xi.  388  the 
phrase  "storm  in  a  cream  bowl"  from  a  letter  of 
the  first  Duke  of  Ormond  written  in  1678.  Some 
classical  parallels  are  to  be  found  at  p.  456  of  the 
same  volume.] 

REV.  M.  W.  PETERS. — I  am  compiling  a 
monograph  on  the  life  and  work  of  the  artist, 
the  Rev.  M.  William  Peters.  I  should  be 
much  obliged  if  any  one  possessing  informa- 
tion about  him,  or  pictures  by  him,  would 
communicate  with  me. 

(Lady)  VICTORIA  MANNERS. 

14,  Chantrey  House,  Eccleston  Street,  S.W. 


u  s.  ii.  JULY  so,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


87 


LIEUT. -CoL.  JOHN  B.  GLEGG. — I  should  be 
much  obliged,  for  purposes  historical,  to 
find  the  representatives  of  Lieut. -Col.  John 
B.  Glegg,  Assistant-Adjutant-General.  Ho 
was  on  Sir  Isaac  Brock's  staff  in  Canada.  ] 
•do  not  know  if  he  ascended  further  in  the 
service.  DAVID  Ross  McCoRD,  K.C. 

Temple  Grove,  Montreal. 

EDWABD  BULL,  PUBLISHER. — Will  your 
readers  add  to  my  knowledge  of  Edward 
Bull  the  publisher,  concerning  whom  I  have 
the  following  facts  ?  He  was  the  son  of 
Simeon  Bull  of  10,  Hollis  Street,  Cavendish 
Square,  and  Arundel  House,  Fulham  (b. 
1750,  d.  1818).  Edward  was  born  in  1798, 
and  died  on  19  October,  1843,  being  buried 
at  Highgate.  He  carried  on  his  publishing 
business  at  19  and  26,  Hollis  Street,  formerly 
the  banking  house  of  Sir  Claude  Scott,  Bt., 
<fe  Co.  He  published  among  other  books  in 
1827  '  Boyle  Farm,'  a  poem  by  his  friend 
Lord  Francis  Egerton,  which  ran  through 
at  least  three  editions  (see  '  D.N.B.,'  Eger- 
ton). In  1839  he  published  *  Indian  Hours  ; 
or,  Passion  and  Poetry  in  the  Tropics,'  by 
R.  N.  Dunbar  (see  'D.N.B.,'  Dunbar). 
Edward  Bull  was,  I  think,  educated  at  Gor- 
don House  Academy,  Highgate,  under  Dr. 
Mersal,  whose  daughter  Frances  married 
Edward  Bull's  elder  brother,  Simeon  Thomas 
Bull  the  architect.  His  library  was  rather 
famous  in  its  day,  and  the  resort  of  literary 
London.  He  married  a  lady  who  subse- 
quently married  a  Mr.  Buxton. 

CLEMENT  SHORTER. 

STONE  IN  PENTONVILLE  ROAD. — Can  any 

of  the  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  tell  me  the  history 

f  a  piece  of  stone  resembling  the  base  of  a 

pillar  ?     It  is  on  a  level  with  the  pavement 

between  the  shop  of  Mr.  Fletcher,  luncheon 

S'ovider,  280,  Pentonville  Road,  and  that  of 
essrs.  Hepworth  &  Son,  clothiers,  next  door, 
78,  at  the  corner  of  Caledonian  Road.     It 
sembles,    in   miniature,    the    base    of   the 
tewly  purchased  and  restored  south-western 
>way  of  St.  Bartholomew  the  Great,  close 
by  here,  after  the  exposure  by  excavation, 
ine  stone  is  about  a  foot  high,  and  about  the 
•same  in  breadth. 

A.  LE  BLANC  NEWBERY. 

41  and  28,  Charterhouse  Square. 

J,  M.  QUERARD,  BIBLIOGRAPHER.— What 
was  Querard's  first  name  ?  His  books  bear 
only  the  initials  "  J.  M."  The  British 

useum  Catalogue  calls  him  Joseph  Marie 
and  so  does  Mr.  Ralph  Thomas  ('  A  Martyr 
to  Bibliography').  But  Lorenz's  'Cata- 


logue general  de  la  Librairie  franchise  '  gives 
Jean  Marie,  and  in  this  is  followed  by  Dr. 
Hagberg  Wright's  recent  '  Catalogue  of  the 
London  Library. s 

Querard  used  the  pseudonym  "Mar. 
Jozon  d'Erquard."  The  last  word  is  an 
obvious  anagram,  but  what  do  ' '  Mar. 
Jozon  "  represent  ?  P.  J.  ANDERSON. 

University  of  Aberdeen. 

WRITERS  ON  Music. — Being  engaged  in 
collecting  materials  for  an  '  International 
Bibliographical  Dictionary  of  Writers  on 
Music,4  I  shall  be  obliged  if  readers  of 
'  N.  &  Q.?  will  supply  me  with  lists  of  their 
works  in  volume  form  (published  or  about 
to  be  published)  relating  to  the  history  and 
criticism  of  music,  for  insertion  in  my  book. 
ANDREW  DE  TERNANT. 

25,  Speenham  Koad,  Brixton,  S.W. 

SIR  SAUDER  DUNCOMBE. — In  Strafford's 
'  Letters,'  vol.  i.  p.  336,  Sir  Sauder  Dun- 
combe  is  described  as  a  traveller,  a  pensioner, 
and  as  having  acquired  a  patent  for  carrying 
people  in  the  street.  There  are  two  refer- 
ences in  Evelyn's  Diary  to  Sir  Sanders  Dun- 
combe,  obviously  the  same  person,  in  one  of 
which  his  "  famous  powder,"-  and,  in  the 
other,  his  sedan  chairs,  are  referred  to. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  give  me  further 
particulars  about  him  ?  Y. 

DICKENS  ON  THE  ROYAL  HUMANE  SOCIETY. 
— Can  any  reader  inform  me  where  an  article 
by  Dickens  is  to  be  found  in  which  he  refers 
to  some  experiments  on  dogs,  and  I  believe 
denounces  the  Royal  Humane  Society  for 
bheir  connexion  with  them  ?  I  have  been 
:old  he  called  it  "  the  Royal  Inhumane 
Society."  ESTHER  DOREEN. 

[No  such  heading  appears  in  the  Index  to 
Dickens's  '  Miscellaneous  Papers,'  vol.  xxxviii. 
of  the  "  National  Edition."] 

ARCHBISHOP  MONTAIGNE. — Many  years  ago 
[  asked,  and  received  replies  to,  a  question 
about  this  prelate  (see  7  S.  xi.  487  ;  xii. 
38,  78).  Last  autumn  his  monument  in 

awood  Church  —  which  originally  was 
situated  in  the  chancel,  but,  during  the 
restoration  of  the  church  some  thirty  years 
since,  was  moved  to  the  west  end  of  the 
south  aisle — was  restored  under  Mr.  Oldrid 
Scott,  and  reset  at  the  west  end  of  the  nave. 
It  had  been  shamefully  knocked  about  at 

he  first  removal,  but  the  fragments  were 
carefully  preserved  in  a  large  chest,  and  under 
skilful  treatment  this  beautiful  monument 
las  now  resumed  the  appearance  which  it 
>vore  at  the  time  of  its  erection. 


88 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  IL  JULY  so,  1910. 


A  local  paper,  describing  its  unveiling  and 
rededication,  stated  that  the  Latin  epitaph 
signed  "  Hugo  Hollandus  flevit  '*  was  com- 
posed by  Hugo  Grotius,  said  to  be  a  great 
personal  friend  of  the  Archbishop.  I 
should  very  much  like  to  know  the  authority 
for  this  statement.  I  asked  the  editor 
for  it,  but  received  no  reply.  I  had  always 
supposed  it  to  be  the  work  of  Hugh  Holland, 
a  poet  of  that  period,  to  whom,  indeed,  it  is 
attributed  in  Racket's  '  Life  of  Archbishop 
Williams,'  quoted  in  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.' 
Grotius  was  in  England  in  1613,  but  must 
have  left  before  1619,  as  in  the  latter  year 
he  was  imprisoned  in  his  own  country. 
Montaigne  died  in  1628. 

One  of  your  correspondents  gives  the  con- 
clusion of  the  epitaph  thus  :  "  Vixit  annos 
59.  m.  b — d.  2.u  Flrom  personal  inspection 
I  am  able  to  say  that  these  numbers  do  not 
exist,  a  blank  being  left  in  each  case. 

E.  L.  H.  TEW. 

Upham  Rectory,  Southampton. 

AUTHOBS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — Can 
any  correspondent  tell  me  where  the  follow- 
ing passage  is  to  be  found,  and  who  is  the 
author  ? 

"  He  did  not  know,  poor  fool,  why  love  should 
not  be  true  to  death." 

L.  S.  M. 

Who  wrote  the  poem  '  Art  in  the  Market- 
place '  ?  The  first  verse  runs  : — 

Hear  ye  the  sellers  of  lavender  ?     Sweetly   they 

cry  it. 

Soft  on  the  ear  the  tones  of  their  voices  fall. 
See   how  your   children   and  maidens   are    eager 

to  buy  it. 
Sweet  as  the  lavender's  self  is  the  singer's  call. 

A.    HOWELLS. 

AMANEUUS  AS  A  CHBISTIAN  NAME. — This 
name,  spelt  as  above,  occurs  twice  in  the 
Rolls  Calendars  of  the  time  of  Edward  III. 
"  Amaneuus  de  Chesthunt  chivaler  •'*  is  pro- 
ceeded against  for  (after  having  received  pay) 
not  carrying  out  his  engagement  to  serve  in 
the  war  in  Brittany,  1350-51.  Is  there  any 
other  form  of  this  name  ?  R.  B. 

Upton. 

THE  SLEEPLESS  ARCH. — Will  some  one 
explain  the  allusion  in  the  following  extract  ? 

"In  the  ^Egean  area,  except,  oddly  enough, 
in  the  out-of-the-way  district  of  Acarnania,  it 
[the  arch]  was  avoided  until  Roman  times,  on  the 
Hindoo  principle,  perhaps,  that  '  an  arch  never 
sleeps.'  " — Burrows,  '  The  Discoveries  in  Crete.' 
ALEX.  RUSSELL. 

Stromness,  Orkney. 


CHBISTOPHEB  MOOBE,  REMEMBBANCEB  TO 
HENBY  VIII. — Are  any  biographical  details- 
known  of  this  officer  ?  He  is  said  to  have 
been  of  Norton,  North  Derbyshire,  and 
seems  to  have  helped  into  office  the  Fan- 
shawes  from  the  same  district.  H.  A. 

"  POBTYGNE." — John  Agmondesham  of 
Barnes,  Surrey,  by  his  will,  dated  1571,  and 
proved  1572/3  (7  Peter),  bequeaths  to 
"  Elizabeth  my  daughter,  the  wife  of  my 
son  John,  a  portygne  with  a  hole  through  it, 
and  a  ring  of  gold  with  a  blue  stone."  What 
is  a  '  portygne  "  ?  A.  RHODES. 

BISHOP  EDWABD  WETENHALL  (1639-1713). 
— I  should  be  glad  to  ascertain  particulars  of 
the  parentage  and  first  marriage  of  this 
Bishop  of  Kilmore  and  Ardagh.  The  '  Diet, 
of  Nat.  Biog.'  (Ix.  382)  is  silent  on  these 
points.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

SIB  JOHN  WILSON  (1780-1856).— I  should 
be  glad  to  ascertain  the  particulars  of  his 
parentage,  and  the  full  date  of  his  birth. 
The  'Diet,  of  Nat.  Biog.'  (Ixii.  112)  gives 
neither.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

JOHN  WOBTHEN  was  elected  from  West- 
minster to  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  in 
1681.  Particulars  of  his  parentage  and 
career,  as  well  as  the  date  of  his  death,  are 
desired.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

SIB  JOHN  ALLEYN  :  DAME  ETHELDBEDA 
ALLEYN  :  CHABLES  ALLEYN. — -Sir  John  Alleyn 
or  Alen,  Mercer,  knighted  1529,  Alderman 
of  London  for  the  Vintry  and  Lime  Street 
Wards,  Lord  Mayor  in  1525  and  1535,  Privy 
Councillor,  and  founder  of  the  Mercers8 
Chapel  in  Cheapside  destroyed  in  the  Great 
Fire,  is  said  to  have  married  Margaret,  d.  of 
John  Legh  of  Essex  (see  Archceologia 
Cantiana,  xxiv.  197) ;  but  it  is  possible  this 
statement  is  due  to  a  confusion  of  him  with 
his  brother,  also  named  John,  of  Hatfield 
Peverel,  Essex,  who  married  Margaret, 
elder  d.  and  coheir  of  Giles  Leigh  of  Walton- 
on-Thames  (see  Harl.  Soc.  Publ.,  xiii.  333). 
By  his  will,  dated  3  Aug.,  1545,  and  proved 
15  Jan.,  1545/6,  he  left  his  son  Christopher 
various  manors  and  lands  in  Nottingham- 
shire and  Yorkshire  (see  Surtees  Society, 
vol.  cxvi.  for  1908,  p.  289). 

Christopher  also  succeeded  to  Ightham 
Mote  House,  Kent.  He  was  knighted 
2  Oct.,  1553,  was  M.P.  for  New  Romney 
1562,  and  died  towards  the  end  of  1585. 
He  had  married  Etheldreda,  one  of  the 
daughters  of  the  first  Lord  Paget  of  Beau- 
desert  (Banks'  'Extinct  Peerage,'  ii.  410). 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  so,  wio.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


89 


She  was  a  recusant  in  1587  (Strype,  '  Annals, 
III.  ii.  597).  When  and  where  did  she  die  ' 
In  a  list  of  Catholics  who  had  died  in  York 
shire  prisons  apparently  before  1590,  drawn 
up  by  Father  Richard  Holtby,  S.J.,  anc 
printed  in  vol.  v.  of  the  Catholic  Recorc 
Society  (London,  1908),  occurs  at  p.  193 
the  entry  "  uxor  cujusdam  Allani  ordinis 
equestris  atque  civis  Eboracensis."  I  shoulc 
like  to  know  whether  this  is  the  widow  of 
Sir  Christopher  Alleyn. 

Their  son  Charles  sold  Ightham  Mote 
House  to  Sir  William  Selby,  and  died  before 
1607.  Had  he  issue  ? 

JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 

DAVID  HUGHSON=EDWARD  PUGH.  —  I 
should  be  glad  to  have  some  particulars  as 
to  the  author  of  '  London  :  being  an  Accurate 
History  and  Description  of  the  British 
Metropolis  and  its  Neighbourhood  to  Thirty 
Miles  Extent,  From  An  Actual  Perambula- 
tion.' It  was  published  in  six  volumes,  at 
dates  ranging  from  1805  to  1809,  by  J. 
Stratford  of  112,  Holborn  Hill.  The  title- 
page  gives  the  author  as  David  Hughson, 
LL.D.,  but  the  British  Museum  Catalogue 
prints  this  as  a  pseudonym,  having  in 
brackets  after  the  name  "i.e.  Edward 
Pugh."  There  is  no  reference  under  either 
name  in  the  4  Dictionary  of  National  Bio- 
graphy '  or  in  the  Supplement. 

G.  YARROW  BALDOCK. 

CORIO  ARMS. — I  should  be  much  obliged 
if  any  of  your  readers  could  give  me  in- 
formation as  to  the  arms  of  the  noble  Italian 
family  of  Corio.  E.  ATKINSON. 

'  THE  CASE  ALTERED,'  HUMOROUS  POEM. — 
In  a  '  Book  of  Humorous  Poetry, '  published 
by  Nimmo,  n.d.,  a  piece  called  '  The  Case 
Altered  l  ("  Hodge  held  a  farm,  and  smiled 
content  ")  is  included  as  anonymous. 

I  see  it  occurs  in  The  Mirror,  13  March, 
1824,  as  by  K.  S.  Who  was  K.  S.  ? 

T.  JESSON. 

FRIENDLESS  WAPENTAKE  IN  CRAVEN. — 
Under  the  title  'Wapentake'  in  '  Les 
Termes  de  la  Ley,1  1667,  two  instances  are 
given  from  the  county  of  York—  "Stainctife," 
a  misprint  for  Staincliffe,  and  "  Friendless 
Wapentake  in  Craven."  I  should  be  glad 
to  hear  more  of  the  latter.  Craven  itself  is  in 
Staincliffe.  The  book  professes  to  cite  the 
statutes  3  Hen.  V.  cap.  2,  9  Hen.  VI.  cap.  10, 
and  15  Hen.  VI.  cap.  7,  and  refers  to  Roger 
Hoveden,  part,  poster.  AnnaL,  fol,  346. 

W.  C.  B. 


'  ERLKONIGS  TOCHTER,'  DANISH  POEM. — 
I  should  be  extremely  obliged  if  any  of  your 
correspondents  could  give  me  a  copy  of, 
or  tell  me  where  I  might  find,  the  Danish 
poem  '  Erlkonigs  Tochter,'  which  is  generally 
supposed  to  have  suggested  to  Goethe  his 
'  Erlkonig.1  Lewes  in  his  '  Life  of  Goethe  * 
gives  some  details  of  the  poem,  but  I  want 
to  compare  Goethe  with  the  original.  I 
shall  be  grateful  for  the  information  sought. 

H.  B. 

PEARSON  FAMILY.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  information  concerning  the 
father,  grandfather,  or  ancestors  of  Nicholas 
Pearson,  who  died  in  1706  at  Laugh ton-en- 
le-Moor,  near  Rotherham,  Yorkshire  ?  He 
had  three  sons — John  Pearson,  b.  1678 ; 
Nathaniel  Pearson,  b.  1679,  d.  1767,  Vicar 
of  Stainton,  Notts  (where  he  was  buried), 
who  married  Mary  Wagstaffe  of  Haworth, 
b.  1692,  d.  1786 ;  and  William  Pearson, 
b.  1683.  H.  G.  P. 


THAMES  WATER  COMPANY:   THE 
WATER  HOUSE. 

(11  S.  ii.  29.) 

THERE  is  a  considerable  amount  of  informa- 
tion extant  in  reference  to  the  waterworks 
in  York  House  Garden,  generally  known  as 
the  York  Buildings  Waterworks ;  and 
engravings  showing  the  tower  are  frequently 
met  with.  In  the  Guildhall  Library  there 
s  a  collection  relating  to  this  undertaking. 
The  works  stood  near  the  foot  of  Villiers 
Street,  Strand. 

In  1676  Ralph  Bucknall  and  Ralph  Waine, 
gentlemen,  obtained  a  licence  under  the 
Ireat  Seal  to  erect  a  waterwork  near  the 
Thames,  on  and  upon  part  of  the  ground  of 
York  House  or  York  House  Garden,  being 
heir  own  ground,  for  the  term  of  99  years. 
The  property  was  soon  after  divided  into 
twelve  shares,  which  were  increased  in  1688 
;o  forty-eight.  By  an  Act  of  2  and  3  William 
and  Mary  the  company  was  incorporated 
under  the  style  of  the  Governor  and  Company 
f  Undertakers  for  raising  Thames  Water 
n  York  Buildings.  In  1719  the  property 
was  sold  to  a  new  company,  who  afterwards 
enlarged  their  capital  for  the  purpose  of 
Durchasing  forfeited  and  other  estates  in 
"Scotland  and  the  North  of  England. 

It  was  at  York  Buildings  that  the  steam 
ump  was  first  used  for  public  water  supply. 


90 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [11  s.  n.  JULY  so,  1910. 


Originally  the  pumps  were  worked  by  a 
horse-mill,  as  was  the  case  at  Buhner's 
works  at  Broken  Wharf,  and  Ford's  at 
Somerset  House  ;  but  in  1712,  or  soon  after, 
Savery,  who  had  already  set  up  one  of  his 
pumps  at  Camden  House,  Kensington, 
erected  a  larger  and  more  complicated 
apparatus  at  York  Buildings.  This  does 
not  seem  to  have  been  a  success,  and  about 
1726  a  Newcomen  engine  was  installed. 
This  is  in  all  probability  the  dragon  re- 
ferred to  in 

"  The  York  Buildings  Dragon  |  or  a  Full  and 
true  account  of  a  most  Horrid  and  Barbarous 
Murder  |  Intended  to  be  committed  |  on  Monday 
the  14th  of  Febr.  next  (being  Valentines -day)  | 
on  the  Bodies,  Goods,  and  name  of  the  greatest 
Part  of  his  Majesty's  Liege  Subjects,  dwelling 
and  inhabiting  between  Temple-Bar  in  the  East, 
and  St.  James  s  in  the  West ;  and  between  Hunger- 
ford-market  in  the  South,  and  St.  Mary  la  Bonne, 
in  the  North,  by  a  Sett  of  Evil-minded  Persons, 
who  (by  the  Instigation  of  Plutus,  and  not  having 
the  fear  of  several  Lords,  Knights,  and  Gentlemen 
before  their  eyes)  do  assemble  twice  a-week,  to 
carry  on  their  wicked  purposes,  in  a  private  room 
over  a  stable,  by  the  Thames  side,  in  a  remote 
corner  of  the  Town.  The  Second  Edition,  Aug- 
mented by  almost  half.  London,  1726."  16  pp. 
4to. 

In  Wright's  *  Caricature  History  of  the 
Georges  *  will  be  found  extracts  relating  to 
the  York  Buildings  engine  from  '  The 
Foreigner's  Guide  to  London,'  1729  ;  Read's 
Journal,  1731  ;  and  All  Alive  and  M erry  ;  or, 
The  London  Daily  Post,  1741.  There  is  some 
reason  for  thinking  that  it  was  eventually 
acquired  by  Sir  James  Lowther,  and  re- 
erected  at  a  colliery  at  Whitehaven. 

The  later  history  of  the  York  Buildings 
undertaking  is  related  briefly  in  Matthews's 
*  Hydraulia.*  In  1818  it  was  acquired 
by  the  New  River  Company,  at  any  rate 
as  far  as  the  street  works  were  concerned. 
In  1829  an  Act  of  Parliament  authorized  the 
dissolution  of  the  York  Buildings  Company 
and  the  sale  of  every  kind  of  property 
belonging  to  it.  RHYS  JENKINS. 

The  following  quotation  is  from  William 
Matthews's  '  Hydraulia  *  (1835) : — 

"  In  the  year  1691,  waterworks  were  constructed 
for  supplying  a  part  of  Westminster;  and  the 
persons  who  engaged  in  this  undertaking  obtained 
an  Act  of  Parliament  for  incorporating  them  by 
the  designation  of  *  The  Governor  and  Company 
of  Undertakers  for  raising  Thames'  water  in  York 
Buildings.  The  establishment  was  situate  on 
the  bank  of  the  river,  contiguous  to  the  Strand, 
at  the  bottom  of  Villiers-street,  under  which 
their  principal  cistern  or  reservoir  extended. 
These  works  conveyed  water  as  far  as  Piccadilly, 
Whitehall,  and  Covent  Garden,  with  the  inter- 
vening streets  ;  but  the  greatest  number  of  houses 


that   at   any  time   received   a  supply  from   this 
concern  was  about  2,700." — P.  33. 

Matthews  is  by  no  means  accurate  histori- 
cally, but  I  have  a  note  from  the  *  Statutes 
at  Large  2  that  the  Act  of  Incorporation  is 
2  William  and  Mary,  sess.  2,  cap.  24,  so  that 
at  the  time  of  the  lease  quoted  by  C.  L.  S. 
(1679)  the  company  must  have  been  a 
private  company,  and  the  waterworks  must 
have  been  constructed  at  least  twelve  years 
earlier  than  Matthews  states. 

A.  MOBLEY  DAVIES. 

Winchmore  Hill,  Amersham. 

In  The  Builder  of  6  June,  1906,  will  be 
found  an  illustration  of  this  water  tower, 
and  possibly  some  descriptive  letterpress. 
It  stood  on  the  site  of  old  York  House,  and 
was  established  in  the  27th  of  Charles  II.  to 
supply  the  inhabitants  of  St.  James's 
with  water.  The  patent  granted  in  the 
reign  of  Charles  II.  in  connexion  with  it  is  as 
follows  : — 

"  Water  house  to  supply  St.  James's. — R.  vij 
die  May  con  Ralph  Bucknall  and  Ralph  Waine  to 
sett  upp  a  Water  house  upon  the  River  of  Thames 
upon  parte  of  the  Ground  belonging  to  Yorke 
House  to  serve  the  Inhabitants  of  St.  James's 
with  water  for  99  years." 

The  works  are  described  in  '  The 
Foreigner's  Guide  to  London,*  1720 ;  but 
the  company  took  to  purchasing  estates, 
granting  annuities,  and  assuring  lives,  and 
proved  to  be  one  of  the  bubbles  of  that  year 
of  wild  speculation.  The  fire  engine  ceased 
to  be  worked  in  1731  ;  but  it  was  afterwards 
shown  for  several  years  as  a  curiosity. 

*'  Its  working  by  sea-coal  was  attended  with 
so  much  smoke,  that  it  not  only  must  pollute  the 
air  thereabouts,  but  spoil  the  furniture." — London 
Daily  Post,  1741. 

The  confused  affairs  of  the  company,  and 
the  consequent  disputes  and  lawsuits  with 
its  creditors  and  debtors,  gave  rise  to  a  host 
of  pamphlets,  and  even  a  political  novel. 
An  interesting  engraving  by  Boydell  of  a 
view  of  London  from  the  Thames,  near  York 
Buildings,  where  the  tower-spire  of  these 
waterworks  is  a  conspicuous  object,  is 
exhibited  (No.  53  in  the  catalogue)  in  St. 
Martin's  Library. 

J.  HOLDEN  MACMlCHAEL. 
4,  Hurlingham  Court,  S.W. 

G.  A.  Walpoole's  '  New  and  Complete 
British  Traveller  ?  (1780)  refers  (p.  254)  to 
this  water  tower  as  "  a  high  wooden  tower 
called  York  Buildings  Water -Works,"  at  the 
east  corner  of  the  terrace-walk  planted  with 
trees  in  the  centre  of  which  was,  and  is,  York, 
or  Buckingham,  Water-Gate  ;  and  a  full- 


ii  s.  n.  JULY  so,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


91 


page  engraving  is  given  which  shows  the 
tower  at  what  seems  to  be  the  west  corner 
or  end  of  the  walk  referred  to.  It  looks 
from  the  illustration  as  if  the  tower  stood 
either  at  the  lower  end  of  Villiers  Street  or 
on  the  site  of  Charing  Cross  Station.  See 
also  Thornbury  and  Walford's  *  Old  and 
New  London,2  iii.  108  and  103,  where  a 
reduced  reproduction  of  Walpoole's  engrav- 
ing of  the  tower  is  given. 

F.  SYDNEY  EDEN. 

C.  L.  S.  will  find  an  account  of  the  York 
waterworks  in  the  third  volume  of  Mr. 
Wheatley's  *  London  Past  and  Present/ 
under  *  York  Buildings.*  G.  F.  R.  B. 

For  full  particulars  of  this  company,  the 
water  house,  &c.,  see  *  The  York  Buildings 
Company  :  a  Chapter  in  Scotch  History/  by 
David  Murray  (Glasgow,  James  MacLehose 
&  Sons,  1883).  T.  F.  D. 

[W.  S.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


NELSON'S  BIRTHPLACE  (11  S.  i.  483  ;  ii.  36). 
— I  believe  Y.  T.  is  mistaken  in  ascribing 
Horatio  Nelson's  birthplace  to  Barsham 
in  Suffolk.  Nelson's  father,  the  Rector  of 
Burnham  Thorpe,  Norfolk,  in  1781,  penned 
with  his  own  hand,  a  "  Family  Historical 
Register,"  in  which  he  noted  the  births, 
birth-places,  and  sponsors  of  all  his  children. 
In  this  MS.,  which  is  still  extant,  he  wrote 
of  his  children  : — 

"  William,  born  att  Burnham  Thorpe  Aprill 
20th  1757." 

"  Horatio,  born  att  ditto  Sept.  29th  1758." 

In  the  Burnham  Thorpe  parish  registers 
for  1758  is  the  baptismal  entry  thus  : — 

"  Horatio,  son  of  Edmund  and  Catherine 
Nelson,  born  September  29th  Baptised  October  9th 
priv  :  pub  :  November  15th  1758." 

In  the  margin  of  this  register  is  written  the 
following  : — 

"  Invested  with  the  ensigns  of  the  most  honor- 
able order  of  the  Bath  at  St.  James,  September 
27^  1797.  Made  Admiral  of  the  Blue  1797. 
Created  Lord  Nelson  of  the  Nile  and  of 
Burnham  Thorpe,  October  6,  1798.  Cataetera 
[At  caetera?]  narret  fama." 

In  the  aforesaid  Family  Historical  Register 
the  Rev.  E.  Nelson  tells  the  life  story  of  his 
wife  and  himself  thus  : — 

"  Myself,  educated  att  a  school  in  the  country, 
admitted  to  Caius  Coll.,  Cambridge,  1743,  Dr. 
Gooch  then  Master ;  my  tutor  Dr.  Eglington. 
I  took  a  bachelor's  degree  at  the  usual  time,  was 
ordained  soon  after,  and  att  Michaelmass,  1745, 
went  as  curate  to  the  Bev.  Thomas  Page,  Rector 
of  Beccles  in  Suffolk  ;  there  remained  till  October, 
1717.  My  father  died — succeeded  him  in  both 


lis  livings :  Hilborough  on  my  mother's  pre- 
sentation, and  Sporle  the  Provost  and  Fellows 
of  Eton.  I  resided  with  my  mother  att  Hil- 
borough, and  in  May,  1749,  married  Catherine, 
daughter  of  Maurice  Suckling,  late  Prebendary 
of  Westminster  and  Rector  of  Barsham  and 
Woodton,  and  Anne  his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir 
Charles  Turner,  Bart.,  of  Warham,  Noff  [?].  Att 
Michaelmass  went  to  housekeeping  at  Swaffham, 
and  at  Michaelmas,  1753,  removed  into  a  hired 
aouse  at  Sporle.  In  November,  1755,  on  the 
death  of  Thomas  Smithson  (clerk),  was  pre- 
ferred to  the  Rectory  of  Burnham  Thorpe  on  the 
presentation  of  the  Honble  Horace  Walpole,  after 
Lord  Walpole  of  Wollerton.  Maurice  Suckling, 
D.D.,  died  in  the  year  1729,  buried  att  Barsham 
within  the  communion  railing,  aged  54.  Anne, 
bjs  widow,  died  at  Burnham  Thorpe  January  5th, 
1768,  aged  77,  buried  att  Barsham  near  her 
husband.  Catherine  (Nelson),  their  daughter, 
died  December  26th,  1767,  aged  42,  lies  buried 
in  the  chancel  of  Burnham  Thorpe." 

By  this  it  will  be  seen  that  Catherine 
Suckling's  father  died  in  1729-30  ;  and,  as 
a  matter  of  fact,  his  widow  immediately 
removed  to  Beccles  with  her  young  family, 
and  was  there  residing  when  Mr.  Nelson 
was  appointed  curate  and  made  the  acquaint- 
ance of  her  daughter  Catherine.  Lord 
Walpole  of  Wollerton  was  Mrs.  Suckling's 
maternal  uncle,  and  so  gave  the  living  of 
Burnham  Thorpe  to  the  husband  of  his  great- 
niece.  After  the  Nelsons*  removal  from 
Sporle  to  the  old  Rectory  of  Burnham 
Thorpe,  Mrs.  Suckling  took  up  her  residence 
in  a  house  belonging  to  her  uncle  in  that 
village,  and  there  died  on  7  January,  1768. 

It  is  possible  that  Y.  T.'s  informant  has 
confused  the  family  tradition  that  Horatio 
Nelson  was  born  in  his  grandmother's  house, 
there  having  been  a  slight  fire  at  the  Rectory 
of  Burnham  Thorpe  in  1758,  on  which 
occasion  Mrs.  Nelson  removed  to  her 
mother's  house  in  the  village,  where  her 
baby  was  born  on  the  29th  of  September. 
The  house,  now  used  by  Lord  Orford  as  a 
shooting  cottage,  is  always  believed  by  the 
Walpole  family  to  have  been  the  scene 
of  the  birth  of  the  hero  of  Trafalgar.  At 
all  events,  Nelson's  grandmother,  Mrs. 
Suckling,  dated  her  will  in  December,  1767, 
from  her  house  in  the  village  of  Burnham 
Thorpe,  having  long  before  severed  her 
connexion  with  Barsham.  Indeed,  its 
rectory  house  at  the  time  of  the  hero's 
birth  was  in  the  occupation  of  the  Rev. 
Edward  Holden  (1774-97),  while  Robert 
Suckling  of  Woodton  (1740-1802)  was  lord 
of  the  manor. 

I  think  this  is  conclusive  that  Admiral 
Lord  Nelson  was  not  born  at  Barsham. 
F.   H.    SUCKLING. 

Highwood,  Romsey. 


92 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  11.  JULY  so,  1910. 


BARABBAS  A  PUBLISHER  (11  S.  ii.  29). — 
False  traditions  die  bard,  but  I  supposed 
that  this  one  had  received  its  quietus  long 
ago,  as  it  has  been  refuted  some  scores  of 
times. 

There  is  no  reference  in  Byron's  poems  to 
Barabbas  and  a  publisher.  The  story  ran 
that  Byron  gave  my  grandfather  a  Bible, 
and  that  my  grandfather  was  much  touched 
by  this  evidence  of  the  poet's  religious 
fervour  until,  on  turning  over  the  leaves, 
he  found  in  the  40th  verse  of  St.  John's 
Gospel,  chap,  xviii.,  the  word  "  robber " 
changed  into  "  publisher.'1 

The  joke  was  perpetrated  by  Thomas 
Campbell  on  another  publisher :  neither 
Byron  nor  my  grandfather  had  any  part  in 
it.  I  have  in  my  library  Byron's  Bible,  and 
there  is  no  mark  or  notch  in  it  of  any  kind. 

Byron,  however,  did  drink  the  health  of 
Napoleon  because  he  shot  a  bookseller. 

JOHN  MURRAY. 

50,  Albemarle  Street,  W. 

[MR.  W.  H.  PEET  thanked  for  reply  to  the  same 
effect.] 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (US. 
i.  227). — In  The  Portfolio,  July,  1894,  p. 
6,  William  Sharp  is  named  as  author  of  the 
following  : — 

"  In  the  beginning,  said  a  Persian  poet» 
Allah  took  a  rose,  a  lily,  a  dove,  a  serpent,  a 
little  honey,  a  Dead  Sea  apple,  and  a  handful 
of  clay.  When  he  looked  at  the  amalgam — it 
was  woman." 

T.  F.  DWIGHT. 

La  Tour  de  Peilz,  Vaud,  Suisse. 

"MERLUCHE"  (11  S.  i.  329)  is  a  word 
of  uncertain  and  equivocal  use.  For  in- 
stance, I  take  Alfreid  Elwall's  Dictionary, 
which  I  used  in  my  schooldays,  and  in  the 
French -English  part  I  find  "  Merluche,  salt- 
cod,'1  but  in  the  English -French  part 
"  Hake,  merluche."  Turning  to  the  '  Dic- 
tionnaire -General  de  la  Langue  Frangaise, 
by  Hatzf eld,  A.  Darmesteter,  and  A.  Thomas, 
I  see  that  the  name  is  given  to  several  fishes 
of  the  species  Gadus  when  dried  in  the  sun, 
and  especially  to  dried  codfish. 

But  the  lexicological  problem  is  solved 
in  the  late  Eugene  Holland's  excellent 
'  Faune  Populaire,*  vol.  xi.  (April,  1910). 
This  volume  treats  of  the  reptiles  and  fishes. 
The  article  *  Merlu,'  p.  213,  tells  us  that  the 
merlu  or  merluche  is  the  Gadus  merlucius  of 
Linnaeus,  and  in  certain  countries  takes  the 
place  of  the  codfish  and  is  prepared  in  the 
same  way.  Our  morue  (ibid.,  p.  221)  is  the 
English  codfish,  and  Cuvier's  Morrhua 
vulgaris. 


Holland   adds   that   the   merluche  is   less 
steemed    than    the    codfish    when    salted ; 
but  evidently  both,  hake  and  codfish,  when 
dried  or  salted,  became  confused  in  common 
use.     Fishmongers,  grocers,    and   their   cus- 
tomers   are    neither    naturalists    nor    lexi- 
cographers. H.  GAIDOZ. 
22,  Rue  Servandoni,  Paris  (VIe). 

Cotgrave,  1650,  has  :  "  Merlus  ou  Merluz* 
A  Melwell  or  Kneeling  :  a  kind  of  small  Cod 
whereof  Stockfish  is  made." 

Miege,  1688,  has:  "Merlus.  Poisson  de 
haute  mer,  dont  on  fait  le  Stocfiche,  a  Mel- 
well,  or  Kneeling,  a  kind  of  small  Cod 
whereof  Stock-fish  is  made." 

Menage,  1694,  derives  the  word  from 
Maris  lucius,  and  states  that  Scaliger  calls 
it  merlucius,  and  that  Pont  us  de  Thyard, 
referring  to  the  fish  called  asellus  by  the 
Latins,  says  that  this  is  the  merluz.  Menage 
also  states  that  from  Maris  lucia  came 
molue,  to-day  called  morue  ;  that  in  Lan- 
guedoc  merluce  signifies  morue,  and  that 
merlus  is  the  equivalent  of  merlan. 

All  of  which  seems  to  show  that  merluche 
is  the  codfish  from  which  "  stockfish  "  was 
made.  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

Lemery  ('  Traite  Universelle  des  Drogues,2 
Paris,  1723),  under  morhua,  has  the  following : 
"  On  fait  secher  des  morues  apres  les  avoir 
salees,  &  c'est  ce  qu'on  appelle  merluche  ou 
mourue  [sic]  salee  "  ;  and  under  salpa  : 
' '  Salpa,  en  Fran$ois,  Vergadelle,  Stoch- 
fisch,  Merlu,  Merluche."  The  former  fish 
is,  of  course,  the  cod  ;  the  latter,  from  the 
description  he  gives,  I  should  suppose  to  be 
the  haddock,  but  in  CasseU's  'Eng.-Fr. 
Dictionary2  "Merlus,  m.,  and  merluche,  f.,n 
is  the  definition  given  of  the  hake.  Under 
merlucius  Lemery  has  "  sive  Callarias, 
Jonst.  en  Fran§ois,  Petite  Morue,**  which 
is  still  one  of  the  French  names  of  the 
haddock.  The  scientific  name  of  the  hake 
is,  however,  Merluccius  vulgaris.  Of  the 
name  merlucius  Lemery  says  :  '*  Merlucius 
d  mare  &  luce,  comme  qui  diroit,  lumiere 
de  la  mer,  a  cause  que  ce  poisson  a  de  grand 
yeux  "  (I  give  this  as  he  prints  it). 

The  conclusion  appears  to  be  that  merluche 
is  a  name  given  to  various  kinds  of  drie 
or  salt  fish.  C.  C.QB. 

Though  merluche  is  a  comprehensi1 
term  for  stockfish,  such  as  cod,  Kng,  hake, 
haddock,  and  torsk,  it  usually  implies 
haddock  on  menu  cards,  while  melus  on  the 
same  is  utilized  more  especially  for  hake. 
WLLLOUGHBY  MAYCOCK. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  so,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


93 


Strictly,  I  suppose,  merluche  is  salted  cod 
—  "stockfish"  according  to  some  of  the 
dictionaries  ;  but  as  a  matter  of  practice 
and  habit  at  restaurants  throughout  Europe, 
if  you  order  merluche  you  will  get  haddock. 
I  have  no  idea  whether  this  is  a  correct  inter- 
pretation or  not,  but  I  do  know  that  in 
"kitchen-French,'*  which  is  a  mongrel 
tongue,  merluche  means  haddock,  whatever 
the  dictionaries  may  say. 

FRANK  SCHLOESSEB. 

ST.  SWITHIN  seems  to  halt  in  the  definition 
of  merluche  as  a  word  used  indifferently  for 
hake,  cod,  or  other  stockfish.  Presuming 
as  I  do  that  it  signifies  in  French  any  kind 
of  dried  fish,  I  also  take  it  to  be  plainly 
borrowed  from  the  Italian  merluzzo,  which 
he  may  ask  for  at  any  restaurant,  and  be 
supplied  with  "  whiting  "  on  his  order. 

MERCER. 


[Several  other  correspondents  thanked  for 
replies.] 

COL.  SKELTON  or  ST.  HELENA  (11  S.  ii. 
48).  —  The  references  to  this  officer  in  the 
standard  authorities  on  St.  Helena  are  of 
an  incidental  and  not  particularly  informa- 
tive character.  T.  H.  Brooke  ('  History  of 
St.  Helena,4  p.  377)  records  his  arrival, 
on  22  June,  1813,  to  take  up  the  office  of 
Lieutenant  -Governor.  He  appears  to  have 
been  the  last  holder  of  that  office,  which  was 
abolished  on  16  January,  1816.  His  resi- 
dence, Longwood,  was  assigned  to  Napoleon. 
The  illustrious  exile  proceeded  there  on  the 
morning  after  his  arrival,  and  breakfasted 
with  Col.  and  Mrs.  Skelton,  but  did  not 
enter  into  permanent  occupation  until  two 
months  later.  Beyond  this  brief  association 
with  the  exiled  Empejor  there  does  not  seem 
to  be  any  outstanding  episode  in  Skelton's 
career.  J.  F.  HOGAN. 

Royal  Colonial  Institute, 

Northumberland  Avenue. 

In  1889  1  happened  to  be  at  Potchefstroom 
in  the  Transvaal.  I  was  there  presented 
to  an  old  lady  of  ninety  years,  a  Mrs. 
Alexander,  widow  of  a  General  Alexander. 
She  was  born  (so  I  was  told)  at  St.  Helena, 
the  daughter  of  an  officer  named  Skelton 
[I  do  not  remember  his  rank).  She  told  me 
that  she  remembered  Napoleon,  and  that 
when  she  was  a  girl  he  had  often  talked  to 
her  in  a  mixture  of  French  and  English.  Mrs. 
Alexander  died  several  years  ago,  but  her 
grandchildren  are  still,  I  believe,  to  be  heard 
of  at  Langlaagte,  and  other  villages  outside 
Johannesburg.  FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 

Kew  Green. 


"  TILLEUL  32  (11  S.  ii.  47).— The  colour'of 
the  fleurs  de  tilleul  is  a  yellow-green — the 
combination  is  two  parts  yellow  and  one 
part  blue.  This  hue  is  not  uncommon, 
and  therefore  it  may  bear  a  particular  name 
at  any  season,  according  to  the  humour  of 
fashion.  The  tilleul  colour  probably  owes 
its  origin  to  some  Parisian  textile  merchant 
with  an  eye  for  novelty,  who  gave  to  this  hue 
the  name  of  the  tree.  But  such  colours 
get  out  of  date,  and  the  name  loses  its 
special  significance. 

With  regard  to  tilleul  tea,  the  feuilles  de 
tilleul  are  employed  in  medicine,  either 
dried  or  in  infusion,  as  an  anti -spasmodic. 
These  leaves  may  have  replaced  the  ordinary 
tea,  as  they  make  a  very  good  drink. 

TOM  JONES. 

"  QUILT"  (11  S.  i.  448),  meaning  to 
thrash,  is  well  known,  but  the  sense  of 
"  traversing  swiftly "  does  not  occur,  to 
my  knowledge,  in  any  dictionary.  Is 
DR.  SMYTHE  PALMER,  by  any  possibility, 
thinking  of  the  Scottish  verb  "  to  kilt 3? — a 
word  not  altogether  dissimilar  to  "  quilt  " 
in  sound  ?  At  all  events,  "  to  kilt,?1  in  the 
Scottish  vernacular,  signifies  "  to  lift  up  the 
dress  so  as  to  run  more  swiftly  over  the 
ground.'1  It  denotes,  however,  preparation 
for  running  rather  than  the  act  of  running 
itself.  W.  S.  S. 

SNUFF-BOX  INSCRIPTION  (11  S.  ii.  48). — 
Surely  the  mysterious  inscription  WITHE 
TEREP  is  of  the  "  Bill  Stumps  His  Mark  " 
order,  and  is  the  very  thinly  disguised 
name  of  a  former  owner,  Peter  White. 
Perhaps  MAJOR  WILLCOCK'S  maternal  grand- 
father bore  that  name,  or  was  a  friend  of 
Peter.  Perhaps  even  he  borrowed  the  box 
from  Peter,  and  forgot  to  return  it.  Who 
knows  ?  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

The  inscription  seems  clearly  to  be 
intended  for  "  Peter  Hewit.'*  W.  G.  B. 

[One  other  correspondent  suggests  Peter 
Hewit,  but  the  majority  favour  Peter  White.] 

SIR  W.  B.  RUSH  (11  S.  ii.  49).— Sir  Wm. 
Beaumaris  Rush  was  a  knight,  not  baronet. 
The  mistake  in  the  '  D.N.B.*  appears  also 
in  the  obituary  notice  of  Dr.  Clarke  in  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine,  1822,  pt.  i.  p.  274. 

The  Gentleman's  Magazine,  1806  (i.  281), 
states  that  Angelica  was  second  daughter 
of  Sir  Wm.  Rush,  not  fifth. 

It  may  interest  M.  A.  to  know  that  in  a 
diary  of  Capt.  Matthew  Holworthy  of 
Elsworth,  co.  Camb.,  there  are  several 


94 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  JULY  so,  1910. 


references  to  Dr.  Clarke  and  Sir  Wm. 
Bush,  with  both  of  whom  he  appears  to  have 
been  on  intimate  terms.  I  should  be  pleased 
to  send  M.  A.  the  references,  should  he  care 
to  have  them.  F.  M.  R.  HOLWOBTHY. 

Elsworth,  Tweedy  Road,  Bromley,  Kent. 

William  Beaumaris  Rush  was  not  a 
baronet  :  he  was  knighted  19  June,  1800, 
and  died  8  July,  1833,  aged  82. 

ALFKED  B.  BEAVEN. 

Leamington. 

Probably  Sir  William  Beaumaris  Rush, 
of  Wimbledon,  Knight.  Another  daughter 
married  her  cousin  George  Rush,  High 
Sheriff  of  Northamptonshire  in  1813.  See 
Burke's  '  Landed  Gentry,'  4th  ed.,  *  Rush 
of  Farthinghoe  Lodge,  Northampton.' 

RICH.  JOHN  FYNMOBE. 

[G.  F.  B.  B.,  DIEGO,  and  A.  B.  E.  also  thanked 
for  replies.] 

STBETTELL-UTTEBSON  :  EABLIEST  BOOK- 
AUCTION  (11  S.  i.  448,  477  ;  ii.  16).— Will  MB. 
W.  SCOTT  kindly  give  some  particulars  of 
the  list,  of  auction-sale  catalogues,  ranging 
from  1637  to  1841,  to  which  he  refers  ? 
Where  can  such  list  and  catalogues  be  seen  ? 
I  have  been  always  under  the  impression  that 
the  sale  of  Dr.  Seaman's  library  on  31 
October,  1676,  was  the  earliest  known 
auction  sale  of  books  in  this  country.  See 
10  S.  v.  43.  EDWABD  B.  HABBIS. 

5,  Sussex  Place,  Begent's  Park,  N.W. 

PABIS  FAMILY  (11  S.  i.  508  ;  ii.  53).— 
If  E.  H.  will  write  to  me,  I  will  put  him  into 
communication  with  members  of  the  family 
of  Mr.  Thomas  Clifton  Paris,  son  of  John 
Ayrton  Paris.  He  died  recently,  aged  95. 

J.  E.  FOSTEB. 

10,  Trinity  Street,  Cambridge. 

SIB  MATTHEW  PHILIP,  MAYOB  OF  LONDON 
(11  S.  ii.  24,  73).— The  date  of  knighthood  of 
this  early  civic  worthy  has  been  long  a 
difficulty,  owing  to  the  seemingly  sub- 
stantial authority  for  both  the  K.B.  of  1465 
and  the  Knight  Bachelor  of  1471.  It  has 
been  suggested  that  Philip  was  twice  dubbed, 
but  I  know  of  no  case  in  which  the  same  man 
received  the  accolade  twice,  unless  possibly 
upon  the  promotion  of  a  Knight  Bachelor 
to  the  higher  dignity  of  a  Knight  Banneret, 
and  even  of  this  the  evidence  is  by  no  means 
clear.  Anyhow,  this  would  not  apply  to 
Philip.  Neither  would  the  fact  of  the 
alleged  earlier  knighthood  being  that  of  a 
K.B.  account  for  a  possible  second  dubbing. 
Whether  or  not  in  the  fifteenth  century 
Knighthood  of  the  Bath  was  of  a  distinct 


order  from  that  of  the  military  Knight  is, 
I  believe,  problematical,  but  it  certainly 
appears  to  have  been  looked  upon  as  of  a 
higher  status.  To  suppose,  therefore,  that  a 
man  made  a  K.B.  in  1465  should  six  years 
later  be  dubbed  again  to  a  simple  knight- 
hood would  be  unreasonable. 

Which  of  the  two  dates  is  the  correct  one 
is  a  matter  of  credence  and  evidence,  the 
balancing  of  one  authority  with  another. 
And  here  I  think  the  evidence  in  favour  of 
1471  is  conclusive.  To  the  proofs  quoted  in 
his  note  by  my  friend  MB.  BEAVEN  from 
Gregory's  '  Chronicle  *  and  the  London  City 
records  may  be  added  the  monumental 
inscription  to  Philip's  wife  in  Herne  Church, 
Kent,  given  by  Weever  ('Fun.  Mon:')  as 
follows  :  ' '  Hie  jacet  Christiane  dudum 
uxoris  Mathei  Philipi  Aurifabri  ac  Maioris 
Londinensis  que  obijt. . . .  1470  pro  cuius 
anime  salute  velitis  Deum  orare."  It  is 
clear,  therefore,  that  the  ex -Mayor  was  not  a 
Knight  when  his  wife  died  in  1470. 

My  impression  is  that  the  origin  of  the 
error  is  in  the  statement  of  Fabyan,  a  writer, 
as  said  by  the  late  John  Bruce,  who  is  "  a 
most  valuable  authority  upon  all  matters  con- 
nected with  transactions  that  took  place  with- 
in the  City  of  London  ;  but  often  inaccurate 
on  minor  points  respecting  events  which 
passed  elsewhere  "  ('  Restoration  of  Edward 
IV.,'  Camden  Soc.  vol.  ).  I  suggest  that  this 
is  one  of  Fabyan's  minor  inaccuracies  and 
the  source  of  the  whole  difficulty. 

W.  D.  PINK. 

Lowton,  Newton-le-Willows. 

'  DBAWING-BOOM  DITTIES  J  IN  '  PUNCH  ' 
(US.  ii.  48). — CANON  ELLACOMBE  has  not, 
I  think,  hit  off  quite  accurately  the  Coster 
song.  Unless  my  mejmory  is  at  fault,  it 
should  run : — 

If  I  had  a  donkey  wot  wouldn't  go, 
D'yer  think  I  'd  wallop  him  ?     Blow  me,  no  1 
I  'd  give  him  some  grass,  and  cry  "  Gee-wo, 
Gee  up,  Neddy." 

CECIL  CLABKE. 

Junior  Athenseum  Club. 

CANON    ELLACOMBE    will    find    what    he 
requires  on  p.  85  of  Punch  for  17  February, 
1844,  under  title  of  '  A  Polished  Poem  '  : — 
Had  I  an  ass  averse  to  speed, 
Deem'st  thou  I  'd  strike  him  ?     No,  indeed! 

A.  MASSON. 

TENNYSON'S  '  MABGABET  s  (11  S.  i.  507).— 
To  a  mind  delighting  in  literal  accuracy  the 
idea  embodied  in  Tennyson's  two  lines  will 
no  doubt  sound  like  nonsense.  A  poet, 
however,  or  a  person  endowed  with  imagina- 

* 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  30, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


95 


tion,  will  see  in  the  lines  little  more  than  a 
variation  of  the  common  saying  "  After  a 
storm  comes  a  calm.'5  By  the  poet's  vision, 
the  elemental  forces  of  nature  are  beheld 
engaged  in  Titanic  conflict,  which  continues 
until  through  sheer  weariness  the  waves 
sink  into  the  calm  of  exhaustion.  Tenny- 
son's imagery  is  perhaps  slightly  different. 
It  represents  nature  as  assailed  by  malig- 
nant human  agencies,  until  in  the  end  it 
lapses  into  a  condition  of  insensibility. 

SCOTTJS. 

In  Capt.  Marryat's  '  Newton  Foster  ?  an 
action  is  described  as  taking  place  between 
an  Indiaman  and  a  French  privateer  com- 
manded by  Surcouf.  The  cannonade  makes 
the  wind  lull  so  that  the  ships  have  to  cease 
firing  till  the  smoke  clears  away  of  itself. 
Marryat  has  seen  a  great  dealpf  hard  service 
under  Lord  Cochrane,  and  his  descriptions 
of  sea-fights  and  shipwrecks  are  clear  and 
accurate.  Perhaps  a  cannonade  would  have 
little  effect  on  a  strong  breeze,  and  the  lull 
•caused  by  it  not  be  long.  M.  N.  G. 

GEOBGE  KNAPP,  M.P.  :  KNAPP  FAMILY 
(11  S.i.389  ;  ii.  35). — I  have  in  my  possession 
a  pencil  sketch  of  a  lady's  head  in  profile  by 
Jonathan  Richardson — whether  the  elder 
or  the  younger  I  am  unable  to  say.  The 
following  inscription  is  written  in  the  margin  : 
;'Mrs.  Cath  :  Knapp,  August  25,  1731."  I 
have  hitherto  been  unable  to  identify  the 
•original  of  the  portrait.  Perhaps  MB.  O.  G. 
KNAPP  of  Maidenhead,  who  has  informed 
•€OL.  FYNMORE  that  he  is  engaged  on  a  Knapp 
family  history,  may  be  able  to  help  me. 

W.  F.  PRIDE AUX. 

GABBICK'S  VERSION  OF  '  ROMEO  AND 
JULIET  '  (11  S.  ii.  47). — I  have  a  copy  of  the 
above  work  in  an  odd  volume  of  old  plays, 
the  others  being  'The  Perjur'd  Husband,'  by 
Mrs.  Centlivre,  and  *  Constantine  the  Great ' 
and  '  Theodosius,'  by  Nat.  Lee.  The  title- 
page  to  Garrick's  play  reads  : — 

"  Borneo  and  Juliet  by  Shakespear,  with 
Alterations  and  an  additional  Scene :  by  D. 
•Garrick.  As  it  is  Performed  at  the  Theatre- 
Royal  in  Drury  Lane.  London  :  Printed  for  J.  & 
B.  Jonson  and  S.  Draper  MDCCLVI." 

There  is  an  interesting,  if  acid,  personal 
paragraph  concluding  the  '  Advertisement  ' 
on  the  next  page  : — 

"  The  persons  who  from  their  great  Good- 
nature and  Love  of  Justice  have  endeavour'd 
to  take  away  from  the  present  Editor  the  little 
Merit  of  this  Scene  by  ascribing  it  to  Otway,  have 
unwittingly,  from  the  Nature  of  the  Accusation 
paid  mm  a  Compliment  which  he  believes  thev 
never  intended  him."  * 


James  Erskine  Baker,  writing  about  1760 
in  the  'Companion  to  the  Play  House,' 
speaks  very  highly  of  this,  the  third  alteration 
of  Shakespere's  play.  He  says  :  "He 
has  rendered  the  whole  more  uniform,  and 
worked  up  the  catastrophe  to  a  greater 
degree  of  distress  than  it  held  in  the  original." 

My  little  volume  is  quite  at  the  service  of 
MR.  CUTTER  if  he  would  care  to  borrow  it. 

WM.  NORMAN. 

6,  St.  James'  Place,  Plumstead. 

MOSES  AND  PHARAOH'S  DAUGHTER  (11  S. 
i.  469). — The  finding  of  Moses  by  Pharaoh's 
daughter  has  been  a  favourite  subject  with 
artists  both  in  ancient  and  modern  times. 
Mrs.  Jameson  in  her  *  History  of  our  Lord,' 
vol.  i.  pp.  172-3,  mentions  Perugino, 
Raphael,  Poussin,  and  Bonifazio  as  having 
been,  among  others,  attracted  by  the  theme. 
In  public  and  private  galleries  in  this  country 
there  are  at  least  half-a-dozen  paintings 
by  different  masters  bearing  the  same  title. 
Among  them  a  '  Finding  of  Moses z  by 
Titian  was  formerly  in  the  collection  at 
Burleigh  House,  the  seat  of  the  Marquis 
of  Exeter.  See  Hazlitt's  '  Picture  Galleries 
of  England.'-  W.  S.  S. 

PIGEON-HOUSES  IN  THE  MIDDLE  AGES 
(11  S.  ii.  49). — As  bearing  on  the  custom 
of  pigeon-houses,  there  is  in  the  archives  of 
the  Dover  Corporation  a  charter,  dated 
7  March,  1467,  by  which  "  a  berne,  a  gardein 
with  a  douffhous ....  within  the  liberty  of  the 
Town  and  Port  of  Dover,"  was  let  for  80 
years.  Twice  in  the  charter  the  structure 
is  called  "  a  douffhous,"  and  three  times  it  is 
referred  to  as  a  culverhouse.  That  the  struc- 
ture was  a  permanent  one  of  some  importance 
is  shown  by  the  fact  that  special  provisions 
are  made  for  its  being  kept  in  repair  during 
the  80  years'  lease.  As  to  the  connexion 
of  pigeon-houses  with  rectories,  it  may  be 
mentioned  that  this  "berne  gardein  with 
douffhous "  was  near  to  St.  James's 
Rectory,  Dover,  and  there  was  an  ancient 
barn  standing  there  about  a  century  ago. 

As  to  the  right  to  erect  pigeon-houses, 
a  lord  of  the  manor,  according  to  cases  cited 
by  Burn,  may  build  a  dovecot  on  his 
own  manor,  but  a  tenant  of  a  manor  cannot 
without  his  lord's  licence  ;  but  any  free- 
holder may  build  a  dovecot  on  his  own  land. 
Pigeons  kept  in  such  dovecots  were,  at  a  very 
early  period,  protected  by  the  game  laws. 
It  would  seem  that  the  right  to  have  a 
pigeon-house  at  a  rectory  would  arise  from 
the  tenure  being  in  the  nature  of  a  freehold  ; 
and  by  a  similar  rule  the  Dover  Corporation 


96 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  JULY  so,  1910. 


had  their  right  to  grant  a  charter  including 
the  privilege  of  keeping  a  culverhouse 
because  they  were  lords  of  the  fee,  holding 
all  lands  in  their  liberty  for  services  rendered 
to  the  Crown  in  connexion  with  the  Cinque 
Ports  navy.  JOHN  BAVINGTON  JONES. 

Dover. 

The  following  from  Giles  Jacob's  '  Law 
Dictionary,'  1756,  may  help  to  put  F.  H.  S. 
on  the  right  track  : — 

"  Pigeon-house,  Is  a  Place  for  the  safe  Keeping 
of  Pigeons.  A  Lord  of  a  Manor  may  build  a 
Pigeon-house  or  Dovecote  upon  his  Land,  Parcel 
of  the  Manor  ;  but  a  Tenant  of  a  Manor  cannot 
do  it,  without  the  Lord's  Licence.  3  Salk.  248. 
Formerly  none  but  the  Lord  of  the  Manor, 
or  the  Parson,  might  erect  a  Pigeon-house  ;  though 
it  has  been  since  held,  that  any  Freeholder  may 
build  a  Pigeon-house  on  his  own  Ground,  5  Rep.  104. 
Cro.  Eliz.  548.  Cro.  Jac.  440,  382.  A  Person 
may  have  a  Pigeon-house,  or  Dove-cote,  by  Pre- 
scription. Game  Law,  2  Pa.  133." 

See  also  '  Jus  Feudale  Thomse  Cragii  de 
Riccartoun,'  Lipsise,  1716,  pp.  348-9,  Feu- 
dorum  Lib.  II.  Tit.  VIII.  §  XL,  where  some 
interesting  facts  are  given,  "  apud  nos  eis 
tantum  permittuntur  [i.e.  columbaria],  qui 
sex  acras  terrse  habent."  Cragie  also  says 
that  the  "  columbariorum  jus  "  came  from 
the  Normans  to  England,  and  thence  to 
Scotland. 

J.  A.  S.  Collin  de  Plancy  in  his  c  Diction- 
naire  Feodal,'  Paris,  1820,  2nd  Ed.,  says, 
vol.  i.  p.  164  :— 

"  Les  seigneurs  hauts-justiciers  et  f^odaux 
avaient  seuls  le  droit  d'avoir  un  colombier.  Les 
serfs  ne  pouvaient  elever  des  pigeons." 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

As  a  general  rule,  the  privilege  of  setting 
up  columbaria  in  mediaeval  times  was  con- 
fined to  lords  of  manors,  monasteries,  anc 
parish  priests.  The  parson  in  some  places 
had  his  cote  in  a  stage  of  the  church  tower 
Thousands  of  hungry  birds  flew  hither  anc 
thither  to  nourish  themselves  on  other  grain 
than  that  provided  by  their  owners,  anc 
thus  imposed  a  heavy  tax  on  farmers ;  this 
was  one  of  the  grievances  which  led  to  the 
great  French  Revolution.  F.  H.  S.  woulc 
read  with  interest  a  useful  paper  by  Mrs 
Berkeley  on  *  The  Dovecotes  of  Worcester 
shire, l  which  was  published  in  the  Transac 
tions  of  the  Worcester  Diocesan  Architectura 
and  Archaeological  Society  in  1905.  It  i 
admirably  illustrated.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

'  TESS  OF  THE  D'URBERVILLES  '  (11  S.  i 
328). — The  legend  referred  to  in  Thoma 
Hardy's  novel  is  the  well-known  one  o 
Pygmalion,  King  of  Cyprus,  who  fell  in  lov 


vith  the  ivory  image  of  a  maiden  which  he 
limself  had  made  (Ov.,  '  Met.,'  x.  243).  See 
iir  William  Smith's  '  Classical  Dictionary,* 
ub  Pygmalion. 

In  Book  I.  chap.  iv.  of  '  The  Last  Days  of 
'ompeii  '  Lord  Lytton  also  refers  to  this 
tory  in  the  following  passage  :  "I  have 
Liscovered  the  long-sought  idol  of  my 
[reams  ;  and  like  the  Cyprian  sculptor, 
have  breathed  life  into  my  own  imaginings.'* 

J.  F.  BENSE. 

Arnhem,  the  Netherlands. 

EDW.  HATTON  (US.  ii.  9,  54). — Edward 
Hatton,  born  in  1664,  would  appear  to  have 
Deen  a  teacher.  Three  engraved  portraits 
f  him  are  known  to  be  in  existence  :  one 
y  Vertue  after  a  painting  by  Phipps  ; 
another  by  Whyte  in  1696,  when  Hatton 
was  32  years  of  age  ;  and  the  third  by  Sher- 
win,  as  mentioned  in  the  query.  Of  these 
Sherwin's  engraving  is  said  to  be  by  far  the 
Dest.  Hatton  wrote  a  number  of  books, 
such  as  '  The  Merchant's  Magazine,'  '  Comes 
ommercii  ;  or,  The  Trader's  Companion,' 
'  Arithmetick  Theoretical  and  Practical,'  and 
several  others,  between  1699  and  1728,  the 
titles  of  which  are  given  in  Watt's  '  Biblio- 
theca  Britannica.*  W.  S.  S.  ' 

STONES  IN  EARLY  VILLAGE  LIFE  (11  S.  ii. 
9). — Is  it  not  fairly  well  established  that  folk 
meetings — Shire  Motes,  Hundred  Motesr 
Tithing  Motes — were  often  held  around 
great  stones  ?  See  c  Primitive  Folk -Moots,* 
by  G.  L.  Gomme,  1880,  where  is  collected  a 
mass  of  evidence  on  this  subject — title 
'  stone  '  in  index. 

As  to  Standon,  Walton-at-Stone,  Stone- 
bury,  Stanstead,  and  Stanborough,  do  they 
not  all  suggest  Teutonic  settlements  (-tons, 
-burys,  -steads,  -boroughs)  hard  by  ruins  of 
Roman  buildings,  stations,  or  villas  ? 

F.  SYDNEY  EDEN. 

May  croft,  Fy  field  Road,  Walthamstow. 

'  Sm  EDWARD  SEAWARD'S  NARRATIVE  ' 
(11  S.  ii.  8). — This  fictitious  work  was 
written  by  Miss  Jane  Porter,  the  daughter 
of  an  Irish  officer,  and  sister  of  Sir  Robert 
Ker  Porter  and  of  Miss  Anna  Maria  Porter 
the  novelist.  It  was  first  published  in  1831, 
Miss  Jane  Porter's  name  being  given  merely 
as  the  editress.  When  pressed  to  disclose 
the  author,  Miss  Porter  used  to  say  :  "Sir 
Walter  Scott  [who,  by  the  way,  was  a  great 
friend  of  her  family]  had  his  great  secret  ; 
may  be  allowed  to  keep  my  little  one." 

'  Sir  Edward  Seaward's  Narrative  -  has 
remarkable  truthfulness   of   style  and  inc 


n  s.  ii.  JULY  30,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


97 


dent,    and   has   been   compared   to   Defoe's 
writing.     A  leading  review  wrote  an  article  j 
on  it,   treating  it  as  a  narrative   of  facts. 
Miss  Porter  died  at  Bristol  in  1850,  aged  74. 

CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 
Swallowfield  Park,  Reading. 

This  '  Narrative ?  is  discussed  by  Mr. 
William  Bates  in  '  The  Maclise  Portrait 
Gallery,'  pp.  310-11.  He  is  of  opinion  that 
the  author  was  Dr.  W.  Ogilvie  Porter,  the 
elder  brother  of  Miss  Jane  Porter.  In  the 
course  of  the  discussion,  Mr.  Bates  calls 
attention  to  references  in  *  N.  &  Q.'  (1  S.  v. 
10,  185,  352),  and  also  to  The  Quarterly 
Review,  vol.  xlviii.  p.  480.  W.  S.  S. 

GABIBALDI  AND  HIS  FLAG  (US.  ii.  7). — 
The  flag  mentioned  by  Hamerton  can 
hardly  be  called  Garibaldi's  "  personal " 
flag.  Garibaldi  and  HolyoaRe  were  great 
friends,  and  to  show  his  friendship  Gari- 
baldi, at  the  close  of  the  war  for  the  freedom 
of  Italy,  gave  Holyoake  his  portrait,  with  a 
letter  thanking  him  for  all  he  had  "  gener- 
ously done  for  the  Italian  cause,"  and  at  the 
same  time  presented  him  with  the  flag 
carried  throughout  the  campaign  by  the 
triumphant  Garibaldians.  This  Holyoake 
hung  up  in  his  library,  and  at  his  funeral  it 
was  placed  on  his  coffin. 

Holyoake' s  youngest  daughter,  Mrs.  Holy- 
oake Marsh,  informs  me  that  it  is  composed 
of  three  stripes  about  12  inches  wide,  of 
red,  white,  and  green,  and,  to  quote  her 
father's  words,  "  was  merely  a  tricolour  of 
three  pieces  of  cotton  nailed  to  a  stafiV* 
Mrs.  Marsh  adds :  "  It  was  not  cotton, 
however,  but  a  woollen  material."  She  has 
generously  presented  this  interesting  memo- 
rial to  Italy,  and  it  now  hangs  in  the  Museum 
at  Milan.  JOHN  COLLINS  FBANCIS. 

COWES  FAMILY  (11  S.  i.  508;  ii.  58).— 
May  I  express  my  gratitude  to  B.U.  L.  L.  and 
W.  S.  S.  for  their  valuable  information, 
and  my  regret  that  such  comprehensive 
notes  give  no  confirmation  of  the  theory  that 
a  family  gave  its  name  to  Cowes  ? 

A  search  amongst  naval  papers  that  refer 
to  the  place  has  also  been  fruitless  of  results, 
save  that  it  shows  that  West  Cowe  was  an 
«3arly  way  of  writing  of  the  Castle. 

A  fresh  question  arises  from  the  efforts  to 
trace  the  name,  and  I  should  gratefully  wel- 
come information  upon  it.  There  seems 
ground  for  doubting  the  received  belief  that 
King  Henry  VIII.  built  a  second  castle, 
on  the  eastern  side  of  the  Medina.  In  the 
•days  of  his  daughter  Elizabeth,  when  very 


thorough  repairs  to  all  the  Island  forts  are 
fully  recorded,  there  is  no  mention  of  East 
Cowes  Castle.  It  is  not  named  on  Speed's 
map,  and  though  Old  Castle  Point  exists, 
there  is  absolutely  no  record  of  any  building 
there.  Can  any  of  your  readers  help  to 
settle  this  point  ?  Y.  T. 

Perhaps  the  following  notes  may  be 
interesting  on  account  of  their  connexion 
with  Hampshire. 

Thomas  Cowse,  among  others,  bond  to  the 
king  for  5001.  8  Sept.,  2  Hen.  VII.  Ten 
seals  to  this  document. 

Grant  to  John  la  Caus,  lands  in  manor  of 
Hordhulle.  No  date.  Cat.  Anc.  Deeds  at 
P.R.O. 

Anthony  Cowce-  and  Agnes  his  wife, 
defendants  in  a  suit  respecting  Charletts 
at  Elstone  in  parish  of  Alverstoke,  co. 
Southampton.  Chancery  Suits  temp.  Eliz. 

I  once  knew  an  Isle  of  Wight  family 
named  Caws. 

There  was  a  Jacob  Cowes^  described  as  a 
Dutchman,  an  alien  in  London  in  1567. 

LEO  C. 

THE  CIRCLE  OF  LODA  (11  S.  ii.  8). — Perhaps 
DR.  YOUNG  may  find  the  information  he 
desires  by  consulting  the  poems  of  Ossian, 
especially  those  entitled  '  Carric-Thura,' 
'  Cath-Loda,'  and  '  Eina-Morul.'  Loda  is 
believed  to  have  been  synonymous  with 
Odin,  the  Scandinavian  deity.  The  circle  of 
Loda,  mentioned  in  '  Carric-Thura, l  is 
supposed  to  be  a  place  of  worship  among  the 
Norsemen.  Apparently  it  was  situated  on 
one  of  the  islands  of  the  Orcadian  group,  but 
it  may  be  understood  as  applicable  to  any 
locality  where  the  worshippers  of  Odin 
assembled.  The  hall  of  Loda  perhaps  stands 
for  the  Norse  Valhalla,  but  is  evidently 
located  on  some  island  off  the  Scandinavian 
or  Norwegian  coast.  Brewer's  '  Reader's 
Handbook '  draws  an  interesting  parallel 
between  the  encounter  of  Fingal  and  Loda 
as  related  by  Ossian,  and  the  wounding  of  the 
war -god  Mars  by  Diomed  in  the  '  Iliad.' 

W.  SCOTT. 

MARKET  DAY  (11  S.  ii.  48).— Was  not  the 
main  consideration  in  fixing  a  day  for  a 
market  the  desire  to  avoid  conflicting  with  a 
more  important  market  in  the  neighbour- 
hood ?  Markets  were  not  principally  (in 
their  origin)  intended  for  farmers  who 
wished  to  sell  the  week's  store  of  provisions 
(manna)  to  townsfolk,  but,  like  the  fairs, 
were  for  farmers  to  buy  and  to  sell — or  to 
exchange — their  stock  and  their  provender 


98 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  JULY  so,  mo. 


The  most  important  markets,  therefore, 
were  not  those  in  big  towns,  but  those  in 
convenient  positions  to  serve  a  big  district, 
and  especially  a  district  with  very  varied 
soils  and  culture-possibilities.  In  many 
cases — probably  most — the  fairs  preceded  the 
markets.  Fairs  were  regulated  by  season 
and  by  saints'  days.  Thus,  on  a  border 
between  high  land  that  affords  ample  sheep  - 
pasture  through  the  summer,  and  lower  land 
where  sheep  may  be  root -fed  and  folded 
through  the  winter,  there  would  be  fairs  at 
the  most  convenient  time  for  changing  the 
sheep.  When  a  market  was  demanded  by 
changed  conditions,  it  would  probably 
be  on  the  same  day  of  the  week  as  the 
principal  fair -day,  unless  that  day  was 
already  in  use  for  some  neighbouring  market. 
Many  farmers  attend  two  or  more  markets, 
in  different  places,  regularly. 

H.  SNOWDEN  WABD. 

In  a  given  district  it  is  plainly  to  the 
advantage  of  farmers  and  their  customers  to 
meet  more  frequently  than  once  a  week,  and 
country  carriers  will  be  found  going  to  two 
or  three  markets  a  week  within  their  radius. 
The  later-established  markets  would  choose 
a  different  day  from  that  fixed  by  their  senior 
neighbour.  H.  P.  L. 

[MR.  TOM  JONES  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

GOLDSMITH  AND  HACKNEY  (11  S.  ii.  10). — 
Goldsmith  lodged  in  Canonbury  in  1767 
as  well  as  in  1762.  The  events  attending  his 
residence  there  have  been  carefully  examined 
by  Forster  in  his  '  Life  of  Goldsmith,'  and  by 
Mr.  Austin  Dobson  in  '  Oliver  Goldsmith  ' 
in  the  "  Great  Writers M  series.  It  is 
extremely  probable  that  he  visited  Hack- 
ney while  residing  at  Canonbury,  but  no 
evidence  has  yet  been  forthcoming  to  show 
that  he  did.  When  two  such  accomplished 
gleaners  have  thoroughly  explored  the  field 
of  inquiry,  it  is  scarcely  likely  that  many 
grains  have  been  left  ungathered  to  reward 
the  efforts  of  future  investigators. 

w.  s.  s. 

GEORGE  I.  STATUES  (US.  ii.  7,  50).— There 
is  another  version  of  the  first  epigram 
quoted  by  MR.  MAYCOCK  (ante,  p.  51),  viz.  :— 
When  Harry  the  Eighth  left  the  Pope  in  the  lurch, 
The  people  of  England  made  him  head  of  the 

church  ; 

But  much  wiser  still,  the  good- Bloomsbury  people, 
'Stead  of  head  of  the  church,  made  him  head  of 
the  steeple. 

See  *  A  Topographical  Dictionary  of  London 
and  its  Environs,'  by  James  Elmes,  1831, 
p.  204,  s.v.  '  St.  George,  Bloomsbury.' 


The  following  is  from  a  manuscript  com- 
monplace book  dated  on  the  back  1832  : — 
On  the  late  king's  statue  on  the  top  of  Blooms- 
bury  spire. 

The  King  of  Great  Britain  was  reckon' d  before 
The  Head  of  the  Church  by  all  Christian  People 
His  Subjects  of  Bloomsbury  have  added  one  more 
To  his  Titles  and  made  him  the  Head  of  the 

Steeple. 

The  words  "  late  king  "  would  presumably 
place  the  date  of  this  epigram  in  the  time 
of  George  II.  This  commonplace  book 
(which  I  bought  some  years  ago)  appears  to 
have  been  compiled  by  one  E.  W.  Gwatkin. 

As  to  the  statue,  &c.,  Charles  Knight's 
'  London, l  vol.  v.  (1843),  p.  198,  has  the 
following  : — 

"  Above  this  stage  commences  a  series  of  steps* 
gradually  narrowing,  so  as  to  assume  a  pyramidal 
appearance,  the  lowest  of  which  are  ornamented 
at  the  corners  by  lions  and  unicorns  guarding  the 
royal  arms  (the  former  with  his  tail  and  heels 
frisking  in  the  air),  and  which  support  at  the  apex,, 
on  a  short  column,  a  statue,  in  Roman  costume, 
of  George  I." 

A  picture  of  the  church,  including  the 
statue  and  one  of  the  (presumably)  two  pairs 
of  supporters,  is  in  William  Maitland's  '  His- 
tory and  Survey  of  London,'-  1756,  vol.  ii., 
facing  p.  1360.  The  supporters  appear  to 
be  guarding  a  crown,  not  the  royal  arms. 
The  crown  exists  now,  but  the  supporters  ai 
gone.  It  is  possible  that  the  royal  arms 
were  on  the  opposite  side. 

According  to  the  '  Dictionary  of  National 
Biography,'  s.v.  Nicholas  Hawksmoor,  the 
"lion  and  unicorn"  (in  the  singular)  were 
removed  in  1871  by  G.  E.  Street,  R.A.  If 
everything  of  grotesque  appearance  in 
London  were  removed,  London  w'ould  be 
much  less  interesting  than  it  is. 

For  prints  besides  that  in  Maitland  the 
'  Dictionary '  refers  to  Clarke,  '  Archit. 
Eccles.,'  plate  xlv.,  and  Malton,  '  London  and 
Westminster,'  pi.  Ixxvi. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

Nicholas  Hawksmoor  was  not  a  sculptor. 
He  was  an  architect,  a  pupil  of  Sir  Chris- 
topher  Wren's.  Amongst  other  churches, 
he  designed  St.  George's,  Bloomsbury,  built 
at  a  cost  of  9,793/.,  and  consecrated  in  1731. 
But  what  authority  has  W.  A.  H.  for  assert- 
ing that  he  was  the  actual  carver  of  the 
statue  of  King  George  I.  crowning  the  spire 
of  that  edifice  ?  Birch  in  his  '  London 
Churches'  (1896)  describes  the  monarch  as 
standing  there  "in  solitary  state,  a  lightning 
conductor  decorating  the  top  of  his  head."' 

HARRY  HEMS, 

Fair  Park,  Exeter. 


ii  s.  ii.  JULY  so,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


99 


MB.  PIERPOINT  (ante,  p.  50),  referring  to 
statues  in  the  Royal  Exchange  destroyed  by 
the  fire  in  1838,  says  :  "  Apparently  the  only 
statue  which  escaped  was  that  of  Sir  Thomas 
Gresham.  It  had  also  escaped  in  the  Great 
Fire.3i 

The  statue  of  Charles  II.  that  stood  in  the 
centre  of  the  open  area  of  the  old  Exchange 
was  saved,  and  stands  in  the  south-east 
angle  of  the  ambulatory  of  the  present  build- 
ing. It  is  said  to  be  the  only  stone  portrait 
figure  carving  of  Grinling  Gibbons.  It 
represents  the  merry  monarch  in  Roman 
costume.  It  has  recently  been  cleansed  by 
the  Gresham  committee. 

CHAS.  H.  HOPWOOD. 

Circa  1870,  a  relative  of  mine  who  was 
shown  the  statue  at  Hackwood  was  asked 
to  point  out  any  defect  or  imperfection  in  it. 
One  of  the  stirrups  was  then  seen  to  be 
missing,  and  it  was  stated  that  when  the 
artist  discovered  this  (his)  omission,  he  com- 
mitted suicide.  But  the  fact  that  the  statue 
is  of  lead  seems  to  make  this  a  most  im- 
probable "  yarn."  V.  D.  P. 

QUEEN  KATHEBINE  PABB  (11  S.  i.  508). — 
The  following  inscription  and  a  print  are 
found  in  vol.  ix.  p.  1  of  the  Archceologia  of 
the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  and  illustrate 
Dr.  Tread  way  Nash's  '  Observations  on  the 
Time  of  the  Death  and  Place  of  Burial  of 
Queen  Katherine  Parr  l  : — 

KP 
He.e   Lyethe   quene 

Katheryne  Wife  to  Kyng 
Henvy  the  VIII  and 
the  wife  of  Thomas 
Lord  of  Sudely  high 
Admy ....  of  Englond 
And  ynkle  to  kyng 

Edward  the  VI 
..I...y..M     CCCCC 
XL     VIII 

Dr.  Nash  remarks  : — 

"  A  MS.  in  the  Heralds'  College,  intitled  '  A 
Book  of  Buryalls  of  trewe  noble  Persons,'  N.  15, 
pp.  98,  99,  contains  a  Breviate  of  the  Interment 
of  the  Lady  Katheryn  Parr,  Quene  Dowager,  &c., 
and  goes  on  :  '  Item  on  Wedysdaye  the  5  Sep- 
tembre,  between  2  and  3  of  the  clocke  in  the 
morning,  died  the  aforesaid  Ladye,  late  Queene 
Dowager,  at  the  Castle  of  Sudley  in  Gloucester- 
shire, 1548,  and  lyeth  buried  in  the  chappell  of  the 
said  Castle.  Item  she  was  ceared  and  chested 
in  lead  accordingly,  and  so  remained,'  &c. 

"  This  account,  being  published  in  Rudder's 
New  History  of  Gloucestershire,'  raised  the 
curiosity  of  some  ladies,  who  happened  to 
be  at  the  Castle  in  May,  1782,  to  examine  the 
ruined  chapel,  and  observing  a  large  block  of 
alabaster  fixed  in  the  north  wall  of  the  chapel, 
they  imagined  it  might  be  the  back  of  a  monu- 


ment formerly  placed  there.  Led  by  this  hint 
they  opened  the  ground  not  far  from  the  wall, 
and  not  much  more  than  a  foot  from  the  surface 
they  found  a  leaden  envelope,  which  they  opened 
in  two  places,  on  the  face  and  breast,  and  found  it 
to  contain  a  human  body  wrapped  in  cerecloth. 
Upon  removing  what  covered  the  face,  they 
discovered  the  features,  and  particularly  the  eyes, 
in  perfect  preservation.  Alarmed  at  this  sight 
and  with  the  smell,  which  came  principally  from 
the  cerecloth,  they  ordered  the  ground  to  be 
thrown  in  immediately,  without  judiciously 
closing  up  the  cerecloth  and  lead  which  covered 
the  face  :  only  observing  enough  of  the  inscription 
to  convince  them  that  it  was  the  body  of  Queen 
Katherine. 

"  In  May,  1784,  some  persons,  having  curiosity 
again  to  open  the  grave,  found  that  the  air,  rain, 
and  dirt  having  come  to  the  face,  it  was  entirely 
destroyed,  and  nothing  left  but  the  bones.  It 
was  then  immediately  covered  up,  and  no 
further  search  made. 

"  Oct.  14,  1786,  I  went  to  Sudeley  in  company 
with  the  Hon.  John  Summers  Cocks,  and  Mr. 
John  Stripp  of  Ledbury,  having  previously 
obtained  leave  of  Lord  Rivers,  the  owner  of  the 
Castle,  to  examine  the  chapel.  Upon  opening 
the  ground  and  heaving  up  the  lead,  we  found 
the  face  totally  decayed,  the  bones  only  remain- 
ing ;  the  teeth,  which  were  sound,  had  fallen 
out  of  their  sockets.  The  body,  I  believe,  is 
perfect,  as  it  has  never  been  opened  ;  we  thought 
it  indecent  to  uncover  it ;  but  observing  the 
left  hand  to  lie  at  a  small  distance  from  the  body, 
we  took  off  the  cerecloth,  and  found  the  hand 
and  nails  perfect,  but  of  a  brownish  colour  :  the 
cerecloth  consisted  of  many  folds  of  coarse  linen, 
dipped  in  wax,  tar,  and  perhaps  some  gum,  &c.  : 
over  this  was  wrapt  a  sheet  of  lead,  fitted  exactly 
close  to  the  body." 

On  the  part  of  the  lead  that  covered  the 
breast  was  the  inscription.  W.  C. 

Perhaps  the  most  detailed  account  of 
the  close  of  Queen  Katherine  Parr's  life  will 
be  found  in  the  Rev.  James  Anderson's 
'  Ladies  of  the  Reformation,'  vol.  i.  The 
book  was  published  about  fifty-five  years  ago, 
and  enjoyed  for  a  time  considerable  popu- 
larity. As  an  author  Queen  Katherine 
Parr  acquired  no  small  reputation  in  her 
day  ;  a  full  list  of  her  writings  is  given  in 
Walpole's  '  Royal  and  Noble  Authors,'  vol.  i. 

The  fate  of  her  daughter  by  Lord  Seymour 
of  Sudeley  is  involved  in  some  obscurity. 
Trustworthy  historians  agree  in  representing 
her  as  dying  in  infancy,  or,  at  least,  while 
still  of  tender  years,  thus  following  the 
authority  of  Strype  rather  than  that  of  Miss 
Strickland.  W.  SCOTT. 

DUCHESS  OF  PALATA  (US.  ii.  29).— The 
title  Duke  of  Palata  was  conferred  in  1793 
on  the  noble  Spanish  family  bearing  the  name 
Azlor,  together  with  the  signories  of  Tavenna 
and  Santa  Giusta.  LEO  C. 


100 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  JULY  so,  1910. 


0tt 


Shakespeare's  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  1602. 
Edited  by  W.  W.  Greg,  Litt.D.  (Oxford, 
Clarendon  Press.) 

THIS  is  a  recent  edition  to  that  "  Tudor  and 
Stuart  Library  "  which  is  one  of  the  most  attract- 
ive, both  in  contents  and  appearance,  of  the  many 
series  with  which  the  Oxford  Press  tempts  the 
scholar. 

Dr.  Greg  is  responsible  for  a  Bibliographical 
and  Critical  Introduction,  Appendixes,  and 
notes.  These  are  concerned,  not  with  aesthetic 
considerations  (such  as  the  comparison  of  Falstaff's 
character  here  and  elsewhere),  but  with  the  per- 
plexing texts  of  the  play.  We  have  two  main 
authorities  —  the  Quarto  of  1602,  and  the  Folio 
of  1623.  Here  Dr.  Greg  reprints  the  Quarto,  and 
compares  both  generally  and  in  detail  the  readings 
given  by  each.  He  discusses  the  views  of  the 
late  H.  C.  Hart  and  Mr.  P.  A.  Daniel,  and  puts 
forward  his  own  with  great  ability.  He  considers 
that  we  have  to  bear  in  mind  (1)  garbling  by  a 
reporter  of  the  play  as  performed  on  the  stage  ; 
(2)  cutting,  and  possibly  rewriting,  for  acting 
purposes,  by  a  stage  adapter  ;  (3)  working  over 
by  an  authorized  reviser  of  the  original  text 
'(underlying  the  Quarto),  and  the  production  of  a 
new  version  (substantially  that  of  the  Folio  text). 

As  for  the  reporter,  Dr.  Greg  shows  that  his 
task  was  not  so  difficult  as  might  be  imagined 
by  his  own  experience  of  reporting  and  writing  a 
tolerable  text  of  a  play  of  Mr.  Shaw's.  This 
reporter  who  was  responsible  for  the  Quarto 
text  was,  Dr.  Greg  suggests,  the  actor  who  played 
the  part  of  Mine  Host,  for  the  speeches  of  that 
part  are  reported  with  very  unusual  accuracy. 
The  notes  after  the  text  show  a  laudable  reluc- 
tance to  consent  to  conjectures,  however  specious, 
where  the  Quarto  and  Folio  readings  agree. 

When  Slender  says  (1.  110  of  the  Quarto)  of 
*'a  Fencer"  that  "he  hot  my  shin,"  he  is  using 
a  past  tense  of  "  hit  "  which  we  have  often  heard 
in  Shakespeare's  country. 

There  are  notes  on  two  well-known  difficulties, 
"  gongarian  "  and  "garmombles,"  neither  of 
which,  we  note,  appears  in  the  '  N.E.D.'  As  for 
the  former,  until  Steevens's  quotation  from  "  one 
of  the  old  bombast  plays  "  which  he  "  forgot  to 
note  "  has  been  discovered,  comment,  as  Dr. 
Greg  sensibly  remarks,  is  useless.  As  for  the  other 
odd  word,  Dr.  Greg  regards  the  passage  in  which 
it  occurs  as  unoriginal,  and  a  substitution  for  a 
more  elaborate  scene  which  had  to  be  cut  out. 
So  if  "  garmombles  "  is  not  a  wild  blunder, 
it  does  not  belong  to  the  original  text,  but  is  "  a 
sly  allusion  to  the  censored  episode  introduced 
by  the  actor  (an  Elizabethan  Pelissier)  for  the 
benefit  of  an  audience  familiar  with  current 
dramatic  scandal."  This  must  certainly  be  the 
first  appearance  of  the  leader  of  "  The  Follies  " 
in  serious  criticism. 

Neither  the  Folio  nor  the  Quarto  gives  such 
an  ending  to  the  play  in  the  last  act  as  we  might 
expect  from  Shakespeare.  That  is  the  view  of 
Dr.  Greg,  and  of  other  critics  ;  or,  if  the  work  is 
Shakespeare's,  it  ''  has  almost  disappeared  under 
a  twofold  revision  by  a  greatly  inferior  play- 
-wright." 


Dr.  Greg's  recension  of  the  play  is  so  thorough 
and  searching  that  it  cannot  be  disregarded  by  any 
future  editor.  We  congratulate  him  on  a  piece 
of  work  which  must  have  cost  him  a  large  amount 
of  time  and  labour.  The  modern  and  expert 
bibliographer  "  de  minimis  curat  "  with  the  best 
results. 

The  Little  Guides. — Staffordshire.  By  Charles 
Masefield.  With  32  Illustrations,  2  Plans,  and 
2  Maps. — The  Channel  Islands.  By  E.  E.  Bick- 
nell.  With  32  Illustrations  and  5  Maps. 
(Methuen  &  Co.) 

WISE  reviewers  always  keep  their  copies  of  "  The 
Little  Guides,"  if  they  can,  for  this  series  is  at 
once  thorough,  sound  in  information,  and  prac- 
tical. The  alphabetical  arrangement  gives  a 
ready  means  of  access  to  the  detail  desired,  when 
the  facts  will  be  found  set  out  •  distinctly,  and 
without  the  parade  of  verbiage  which  disfigures 
most  guide-books. 

The  present  reviewer  has  used  many  volumes  of 
the  series  with  advantage,  and  always  asks  for 
them  when  he  does  not  possess  them.  Details 
which  concern  the  historian  or  archaeologist 
as  opposed  to  the  ordinary  tourist  are  not  lacking, 
and  there  are  signs  everywhere  of  that  personal 
knowledge  which  is  essential  for  real  help  to  the 
traveller.  The  maps  are  thoroughly  useful.  A 
few  trifles  in  names  need  amending. 

Both  writers  very  sensibly  ask  for  corrections, 
and  in  the  case  of  the  Channel  Islands  it  would 
not  be  a  bad  scheme,  we  think,  to  put  the  little 
book  on  the  boats  which  ply  backwards  and  for- 
wards from  England,  and  ask  for  criticism  from 
passengers. 


We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  following 
notices : — 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements  and    Business    Letters    to    "The    Put 
lishers  "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chaucer 
Lane,  E.C. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  cor 
spondents  must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  .volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

CAPT.  BEAUMONT  ("  Queen  Henrietta  Maria's 
Second  Marriage").— The  'D.N.B.,'  at  the  end  of 
the  account  of  Henry  Jermyn,  Earl  of  St.  Albans 
says  :  "  The  scandal-mongers  of  his  own  day  affirm* 
that  he  was  secretly  married  to  Henrietta  M 
during  the  exile,  but  no  proof  of  the  story  has  yet 
come  to  light."  References  are  given  to  Pepys, 
Keresby,  and  Burnet. 


ii  s.  IL  AUG.  6,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


101 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  6,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-NO.  32. 

NOTES :  —  Gulston  Addison's  Death  at  Madras,  101  — 
Tottel's  •  Miscellany '  and  Puttenham,  103  —  Eugene 
Aram,  105—"  Average  "—Toe  Names— Slovene  Hymn,  106". 

QUERIES:— Queen  Elizabeth  and  Astrology  —  Anatole 
France's  '  Thai's  '—Morganatic  Marriages— Father  Peters 
and  Queen  Mary — John  Houseman — Charles  II.  and  his 
Fubbs  Yacht,  107— 'The  English  Freeholder,'  1791— Sudan 
Archaeology — The  Old  Pretender — The  King's  Butler — 
Meredith  and  Moser— Lord  Mayors  and  their  Counties  of 
Origin — Dean  Alford's  Poems— Manor  :  Sac  :  Soke — Mr. 
W.  Graham  and  Jane  Clermont,  108 -Bernard  Wilson— 
Gervase  Warmestry — Red  Lion  Square  Obelisk — Inscrip- 
tion in  Hyeres  Cathedral— Spider's  Web  and  Fever— Arms 
of  Women— MS.  Work  on  the  Temple  at  Jerusalem,  109 
—Irishman  and  Thunderstorm,  110. 

REPLIES  :-Westminster  Cathedral :  Alphabet  .Ceremony, 
110— "  Denizen  ".-^John  Brooke,  Fifteenth-Century  Bar- 
rister-' Reverberations'  :  W.  Davies,  111— T.  L.  Peacock's 
Plays — St.  Leodegarius  and  the  St.  Leger — St.  Agatha  at 
Wimborne— Provincial  Booksellers— Mock  Coats  of  Arms, 
112 — "  Handyman  "=Sailor — Folly — Thundering  Dawn — 
Bibliography  of  London,  113— Windsdr  Stationmaster— 
Egertxm  Leigh  —  Thomson,  R.A. — John  Wilkes,  114 — 
Door-Knocker  Etiquette— Licence  to  Eat  Flesh—'  Shaving 
Them ' — Elephant  and  Castle  in  Heraldry,  115 — "  The 
Holy  Crows,"  Lisbon— 'Jane  Shore'— Royal  Tombs  at 
St.  Denis,  116— Royal  Manners  temp.  William  IV.— 
D'Eresby— Printers  of  the  Statutes  :  South  Tawton— 
Sir  Henry  Dudley,  117— Melmont  Berries— Prince  Bishop 
of  Basle,  118— Anglo-Spanish  Author- Commonwealth 
Grants  of  Arms— Bible  Statistics— Canopy-of-Heaven 
Blue— Kemys— Dr.  John  Hough,  119. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :  —  ' Scottish  Historical  Clubs'  — 
Reviews  and  Magazines. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


GULSTON   ADDISON'S   DEATH 
AT  MADRAS. 

THE  fact  that  there  have  been  recently  in 
*  N.  &  Q.'  several  notes  upon  Addison's 
maternal  ancestry  may  seem  to  give  some 
appropriateness  to  the  insertion  of  the 
following  letter,  a  copy  of  which  was  kindly 
given  me  some  time  ago  by  Sir  Robert 
White -Thomson,  who  treasures  the  original 
among  his  family  papers.  The  writer, 
Brudenell  Baker,  was  a  brother  of  Catharine 
Baker,  who  married  Thomas  Remington  in 
1714,  and  had  a  son,  the  Rev.  Daniel  William 
Remington,  who  was  Sir  Robert's  great- 
grandfather (see  10  S.  ix.  302). 

The  principal  interest  of  the  letter  lies 
in  the  account  it  gives  of  the  last  days  of 
Gulston  Addison,  and  of  his  death.  The 
elder  .  of  the  famous  essayist's  younger 
brothers,  Gulston  Addison  had  his  mother's 
maiden  name  bestowed  upon  him  in  baptism. 
Born  in  1673  ('D.N.B.'  under  Lancelot 
Addison),  he  was  for  many  years  in  the 
'service  of  the  East  India  Company  at 
Port  St.  George,  and  in  1709,  shortly  before 


his  death,   was  appointed  Governor  of  the 

Elace  in  succession  to  Thomas  Pitt,  cele- 
rated  through  his  descendants. 
Brudenell  Baker,  baptized  at  Lichfield 
Cathedral  on  2  September,  1675,  was  the 
eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  William  Baker  (a  .Pre- 
bendary of  the  Cathedral,  and  for  51  years 
Vicar  of  St.  Mary's  Church)  by  his  wife 
Dorothy,  daughter  of  Thomas  Brudenell 
(see  Harwood's  '  Lichfield,'  p.  97).  Nothing 
is  known  of  his  early  life,  but  the  letter  which 
follows  shows  that  he  had  been  at  least 
extravagant  and  had  incurred  his  father's 
severest  displeasure  : — 

India — Fort  Se  George  14  Octr  1709. 
Hond  Sr 

Tho  you  were  pleas'd  to  command  me  not  to 
write  to  you  in  England  I  hope  you  will  permit 
me  to  pay  my  Duty  to  you  from  this  other  part 
of  ye  World.  I  am  very  sensible  y*  you  ever  had 
the  hardest  opinion  of  me,  but  could  have  wished 
y*  at  my  setting  out  upon  so  desperate  a  Voyage, 
never  to  see  you  more,  You  would  have  at  least 
conceal'd  your  resentmts  &  sent  me  your  blessing. 
But  no  more  of  this — I  could  not  forbear  just 
mentioning  it,  because  my  heart  was  full  of  it, 
&  it  has  been  a  great  trouble  to  me.  But  am 
resolved  hereafter  (if  you  will  give  me  leave) 
to  send  you  all  ye  Comfort  I  am  able  in  your  old 
age  and  never  to  omit  one  opportunity  of  shewing 
my  Obedience  to  you. 

God  knows  how  this  Country  may  agree  with 
my  Constitution.  If  I  live  my  Fortune  is  cer- 
tainly made  in  a  few  Years.  But  I  ought  to  begin 
&  state  Occurrences  in  Order.  We  set  sail  on 
Saturday  ye  9th  of  April  from  Plymouth,  &  after 
a  voyage  attended  with  some  Hardships  &  great 
danger  (especially  in  a  prodigious  Storm  ye 
beginning  of  July  wch  lasted  two  nights  &  one  day 
a  perfect  Hurricane)  we  came  to  an  Anchour 
ye  i7th  Of  September,  just  23  Weeks  in  Our 
passage.  Our  ships  arrived  ye  first  of  ye  Fleet, 
and  consequently  brought  ye  news  of  Mr  Addi- 
son's being  made  Govr  of  this  Place.  His  Knee 
is  swell'd  extremely,  &  Physicians  here  say  'tis  ye 
Gout.  I  wish  it  is  so,  but  'tis  what  he  never  had 
before  &  I  am  sure  wrong  methods  have  been 
applyed  such  as  Bathing  &  Poultices,  Plaisters  &c. 
He  continues  just  in  ye  same  condition  as  when 
first  I  saw  Him,  wch  is  now  near  a  Month.  He 
has  not  much  pain,  but  wants  Spirits,  wch  makes 
Him  not  relish  his  great  Preferment,  and  is  indeed 
far  from  being  elated  wth  it.  And  here  it  will  not 
be  amiss  to  acquaint  you  wth  my  Reception. 
But  will  first  let  you  know  what  must  be  kept  to 
Your  Self  viz.  :  His  Relations  in  England  recom- 
mended me  very  heartily  to  the  Governour 
but  at  ye  same  time  sent  Him  a  particular  relation 
of  all  my  foolish  mistakes,  such  as  being  a  little 
too  exact  in  dressing,  and  advised  Him  to  keep 
me  at  a  decent  distance  for  fear  I  might  grow 
too  free  wth  Him  &c.  ;  so  tender  a  regard  they  had 
to  ye  Honour  of  their  Br:  y'  they  left  no  Stone  un- 
turned to  secure  it.  Well,  He  at  first  observed 
y«ir  directions  &  has  tryed  me  to  ye  Utmost. 
But  I  have  had  ye  good  fortune  to  gain  His  good 
Opinion,  &  to  such  a  degree  y«  He  has  entrusted 
me  with  all  his  private  Affairs,  &  has  me  with 
Him  continually.  He  shew'd  me  those  Hints 


102 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  B.  n.  AUG.  e,  1910. 


wch  had  been  sent  Him,  said  'twas  all  needless, 
for  He  could  not  see  any  reason  for  those  un- 
necessary cautions.  In  short  He  plainly  tells  me 
He'l  provide  for  me  and  raise  me  in  ye  World.  I 
have  a  large  handsome  Apartment  assigned  to  me  in 
y"  Fort  near  Himself,  have  3  Black  slaves  to 
attend  me  :  one  to  carry  an  Umbrella  over  me  in 
ye  Sun,  another  to  do  all  Servile  Offices,  and  a 
third,  a  genteel  Serv*  to  wait  upon  me  in  my 
Chamber.  Y"  Governour  lives  in  mighty  State, 
never  stirs  abroad  but  with  Guards  drawn  out, 
Drums  beating,  &  Colours  flying,  &  He  has 
placed  me  so  near  His  Person  y1  I  am  courted  by 
ye  best  in  ye  Place.  He  tells  me  I  must  be  civil 
to  All,  but  familiar  wth  None  but  Himself.  All 
this  is  very  great  &  Sure  I  can  never  do  enough 
to  deserve  ye  Honour  He  has  done  me.  I  pray 
God  preserve  His  Life,  and  then  I  need  not  fear 
getting  an  Estate  in  a  Short  time.  I  have  been 
here  as  particular  as  I  can,  but  have  not  time  to 
enlarge  on  this  Subject  any  further.  I  am  con- 
stantly employ'd  by  ye  Govr  and  we  are  in  a  very 
great  Hurry  to  send  off  this  Ship  wch  carries  over 
his  Predecessour.  He  has  order'd  me  to  write 
to  his  Brother  &  Sister.  The  latter  wrought  [sic] 
to  Him  for  a  Chest  of  things,  but  He  has  not  time 
now  to  send  'em,  &  will  do  it  ye  next  Shipping 
w°h  will  be  in  2  or  3  Months,  so  that  I  shall  have 
a  good  opportunity  to  put  up  a  small  quantity 
of  Tea  for  you  wch  I  'le  not  fail  then  to  send.  I 
will  steal  a  little  time  to  write  a  short  Letter  to 
my  two  Dear  Sisters.  My  Bro"  must  excuse 
me  'till  ye  next  Ship  goes  off.  They  must  not 
take  it  ill,  for  what  I  say  to  my  Sisters  I  say  to 
them.  I  cannot  omit  writing  to  good  Dr.  Smal- 
dridge,*  nor  to  kind  cozen  Lowndes,  but  all  these 
will  be  very  short,  for  I  am  straitend  in  time,  but 
was  resolved  to  neglect  no  occasion  wch  offered  to 
shew  myself  Your  most  obedient  son 

BRUDENELL  BAKER. 

20th  Octr 

O  Sr  The  Governour  is  dead,  &  in  Him  I  've 
lost  all  ye  World.  It  has  almost  distracted  me. 
His  Gout  ended  in  a-  fever  of  wch  He  dyed  ye 
17th  Instant,  &  was  buried  yesterday.  He  has 
left  me  a  Legacy  y*  will  clear  all  my  Debts,  & 
be  a  beginning  for  me  in  ye  World.  'Tis  no  less 
than  500Z.  If  my  Debts  could  be  compounded 
before  this  is  known,  I  should  raise  myself  by 
purchasing  a  good  Employm1  Do  for  me  what 
you  can.  You  shall  not  find  me  undutifull  now 
I  can  live  without  You.  I  cannot  tell  how  long 
ye  Trustees  will  defer  paying  y8  Legacy.  I  must 
shift  as  well  as  I  can.  There  has  been  nothing 
but  Confusion  since  His  Death.  I  shall  take 
ye  best  advice  I  can,  and  doubt  not  but  to  give  you 
satisfactory  reasons  for  what  I  shall  resolve  upon. 
The  Ship  is  just  going  off.  I  have  not  time  to 
write  to  any  Body.  I  send  this  enclosed  to  Cozen 
Lowndes,  open  too,  for  I  think  He  is  to  be  trusted 
wth  it,  and  I  have  not  time  to  write  to. any  Relation 
I  have,  and  must  once  again  subscribe  my  self 
in  ye  greatest  haste. 

Your  dutiful  Son 

BRU:  BAKER. 

My  Kindest  Love  &  Service  attends  Bros  & 
Sisters. 


*  George    Smalridge    (1663-1719),    afterwards 
Bishop  of  Bristol. 


The  sympathy  which  we  feel  for  Brudenell 
Baker  when  reading  the  first  part  of  his 
letter,  where  he  pleads  with  his  father 
for  recognition  in  sentences  simple  and 
apparently  heartfelt,  is  quite  alienated  by  the 
extraordinary  proposal  which  mars  the  post- 
script. The  stern  old  cleric  must  indeed 
have  been  astonished  at  such  a  request  being 
made  to  him,  and  we  may  well  doubt  if  the 
letter  effected  a  reconciliation  between  father 
and  son.  All  we  can  plead  for  Brudeneli 
Baker  is  that  he  was  the  victim  of  a  heavy 
and  tragic  disappointment,  and  that  the 
postscript  was  penned  just  before  the  depar- 
ture of  the  ship,  leaving  no  time  for  his 
better  feelings  to  assert  themselves.  Yet, 
however  we  may  deplore  this  lapse  in  his 
moral  sense,  it  is  clear  that  he  was  a  young 
man  of  some  parts,  who  very  quickly  won  the 
confidence  and  affection  of  an  able  man, 
in  spite  of  his  qualified  recommendations. 
It  would  be  interesting  to  know  if  it  was 
Joseph  Addison  who  sent  his  brother  "a 
particular  relation  of  all n  the  young 
prodigal's  "  foolish  mistakes."  We  probably 
should  not  err  in  attributing  to  him  another 
inimitable  essay  upon  youthful  folly. 

We  learn  no  more  of  Brudeneli  Baker,  and 
the  time  and  the  place  of  his  death  are  alike 
unknown  to  us.  Even  the  REV.  FRANK 
PENNY,  whose  acquaintance  with  the  history 
of  Fort  St.  George  is  so  intimate,  cannot 
disinter  his  name  from  the  records  ;  so  that 
it  is  probable  he  did  not  remain  there,  and 
certain  he  attained  no  distinction.  He  i& 
not  mentioned  in  the  will  of  his  father, 
who  died  at  Lichfield  in  August,  1732  ;  but 
this  shows  nothing,  for  the  aged  prebendary 
makes  no  allusion  to  any  son  at  all,  although 
it  seems  clear  that  one  at  least,  Thomas 
Baker  (baptized  7  December,  1689),  sur- 
vived him.  This  Thomas  graduated  from 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  in  1708  ;  and  there- 
is  evidence  to  identify  him  with  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Baker,  a  Minor  Canon  of  St.  Paul's 
and  of  Westminster,  and  priest  of  the  Chapel 
Royal,  who  died  10  May,  1745  (see  R.  F. 
Scott's  *  Admissions  to  St.  John's  College,. 
Cambridge,'  Part  III.  p.  456). 

I  have  obtained  an  abstract  of  Gulston 
Addison's  will,  which  is  dated  16  October,. 
1709,  the  day  before  his  death.  He  is 
described  therein  as  "  Gulstone  "  Addison,. 
Esquire,  Governor  of  Fort  St.  George  in  the 
East  Indies.  To  his  wife  Mary  Addison 
he  bequeaths  14,000  pagodas  ;  to  his  sister 
Dorothy  Addison  1,0001.  sterling ;  to  his 
"  good  friend  n  Mr.  Brudeneli  Baker  of  Fort 
St.  George,  1,000  pagodas  ;  to  his  friend  Mr. 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  6,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


103 


George  Lewis  of  Fort  St.  George,  500  pago- 
das ;  to  his  servants,  Oliver,  Inggapa,  and 
Xarran,  100,  50,  and  60  pagodas  respectively  ; 
and  to  his  friend  Mrs.  Ann  Brabourne, 
100  pagodas.  The  residue  of  his  estate  he 
bequeaths  to  his  loving  brother  Joseph 
Addison,  Esq.  ;  and  he  appoints  his 
friends  Mr.  Edmund  Mountague,  Mr.  Robert 
Raworth,  Mr.  Edward  Fleetwood,  and  Mr. 
Bernard  Benyon  to  be  trustees,  giving  them 
100  pagodas  apiece  for  mourning,  and 
directing  that  his  burial  shall  be  at  their 
discretion.  All  his  debts  and  legacies  in 
India  are  to  be  paid,  and  afterwards  his 
estate,  as  it  shall  come  to  the  trustees'  hands, 
invested  in  diamonds,  which  are  to  be 
remitted  to  his  brother  Joseph  in  England, 
on  such  ship  as  they  shall  think  fit.  The 
bequest  to  his  sister  Dorothy  shall  be 
remitted  to  Joseph  in  like  manner.  Sunca 
Rama,  if  living  and  upon  the  place,  shall  have 
the  buying  of  the  diamonds.  To  his  wife's 
brother  Mr.  Henry  Jolly  he  leaves  1,000 
pagodas  ;  and  he  appoints  his  wife  and 
brother  Joseph  executors.  His  signature, 
"  Guls.  Addison,"  is  witnessed  by  Edward 
Bulkley,  Henry  Davenport,  William  Warre, 
and  Alexander  Orme.  By  a  codicil  of  the 
same  date,  signed  "  Gulston  Addison,'2  and 
witnessed  by  Edward  Bulkley,  Alexander 
Orme,  and  Antho.  Suply,  he  bequeaths 
500  pagodas  to  Mr.  Randall  Fowke  of  Fort 
St.  George.  Three  years  after  the  testator's 
death,  on  20  October,  1712,  the  will  was 
proved  by  Joseph  Addison,  Esq.,  the  sur- 
viving executor  (P.C.C.,  Barnes,  179). 

In  Leslie  Stephen's  account  of  Joseph 
Addison  in  the  '  D.N.B.1  it  is  stated  that 
Gulston  Addison  died  10  October,  1709 — 
a  slight  error — leaving  Joseph  an  executor 
and  residuary  legatee. 

"  The  difficulty,  however,  of  realising  an 
estate  left  in  great  confusion  a,nd  in  so  distant  a 
country,  was  very  great.  The  trustees  were 
neglectful,  and  Addison  declares  that  one  of  them 
deserved  the  pillory,  and  that  he  longs  to  tell 
him  so  'by  word  of  mouth.'  It  was  not  till 
1716  that  a  final  liquidation  was  reached  ;  and 
the  sum  due  to  Addison,  afer  deducting  bad  debts 
and  legacies,  was  less  than  a  tenth  part  of  the 
whole  estate,  originally  valued  at  35,000  pagodas, 
or  14,OOOZ." 

In  a  letter  dated  21  July,  1711,  Addison 
alludes  to  the  loss  within  the  last  twelve 
months  of  an  estate  in  the  Indies  of  14,OOOZ. 
If  the  value  of  a  "  pagoda  "  was  only  about 
seven  shillings  (11  S.  i.  328),  Brudenell 
Baker  considerably  overstated  the  amount 
of  his  legacy. 

The  'D.N.B.'  (under  Lancelot  Addison) 
says  that  the  Dean's  third  son,  Lancelot 


Addison,  a  Fellow  of  Magdalen,  visited  Fort 
St.  George  about  the  time  of  his  brother 
Gulston's  death,  and  died  there  in  1711. 
It  seems  clear  from  Brudenell  Baker's  letter 
that  Lancelot  must  have  gone  out  after 
Gulston's  death  ;  and  MB.  PENNY  tells  me 
that  Lancelot  fell  a  victim  to  the  climate  in 
August,  1710.  It  is  strange  that  Gulston 
did  not  remember  him  in  his  will.  Perhaps 
Lancelot  was  sent  out  by  Joseph  Addison 
to  protect  his  interests.  Administration 
of  the  estate  of  Lancelot  Addison  of  Fort 
St.  George,  bachelor,  was  granted  to 
Joseph,  the  brother,  on  9  January,  1711/12, 
in  P.C.C. 

Gulston  Addison  was  married  to  Mary 
Brook  on  6  July,  1701  (Genealogist,  N.S.r 
vol.  xix.  p.  288),  at  Fort  St.  George  ;  and 
MB.  PENNY  tells  me  that  she  died  there  in 
February,  1709/10.  As  Gulston's  will  alludes 
to  her  brother  Mr.  Henry  Jolly,  it  is  possible 
that  she  may  have  been  previously  married. 
ALEYN  LYELL  READE. 

Park  Corner,  Blundellsands,  nr.  Liverpool. 


TOTTEL'S  'MISCELLANY,'  PUTTEN- 
HAM'S  '  ARTE  OF  ENGLISH  POESIE,* 
AND  GEORGE  TURBERVILE. 

(See  ante,  p.   1.) 

THEBE  is  something  strange  about  Putten- 
ham's  manner  of  introducing  quotations 
from  Turbervile  that  requires  explanation, 
and  it  is  well  worthy  of  note. 

As  I  have  said,  Turbervile  is  only  once 
named  in  '  The  Arte  of  English  Poesie,5" 
and  then  he  comes  in  for  praise  with  others- 
"who  have  written  excellently  well."'  But 
when  Puttenham  quotes  Turbervile  the 
critic  seems  to  wish  to  convey  to  his  readers 
the  impression  that  he  is  dealing  with  pas- 
sages not  from  the  work  of  one  man,  but 
from  the  work  of  several  men.  He  not  only 
hides  names,  but  also  goes  out  of  his  way 
to  blind  us  as  to  the  sources  from  which  he 
obtained  his  material. 

There  are  four  passages  from  Turbervile 
cited  in  pp.  262-3,  and  the  uninitiated  reader 
is  compelled  to  assume  that  the  critic  is 
lashing  at  four  distinct  writers.  Two  quota- 
tions are  introduced  with  the  remark  4 '  as 
he  that  said  "  ;  the  third  one  follows  with 
the  introduction,  "another  that  praysing  his 
mistresse  for  her  bewtifull  haire,  said "  ; 
and  the  last  passage  comes  in  with  "as  one 
that  said,"  but  separated  from  the  other 
three  by  a  quotation  from  Puttenham's 
own  *  Partheniades,1  which  the  author,  with 


104 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  n.  AUG.  e,  1910. 


paternal  pride,  contrasts  with  Turbervile 
to  illustrate  in  a  most  striking  manner  the 
difference  between  good  and  bad  verse. 

Readers  of  his  own  day  could  hardly 
escape  knowing  the  poet  whom  Puttenham 
aimed  at,  and  they  would  have  the  help  of 
Turbervile's  special  admirers  and  friends  to 
help  them  if  they  were  at  fault.  But  men 
of  a  later  generation  would  not  be  so  for- 
tunate, and  therefore  it  is  no  wonder  that 
Puttenham's  ambiguous  style  of  reference 
has  served  the  purpose,  up  to  now,  of 
hiding  his  concentrated  onslaught  on  Turber- 
vile. And  it  is  an  ingenious  mode  of  attack, 
too,  because,  to  any  charge  of  personal 
malice  that  might  be  brought  against  him, 
Puttenham  could  answer  that  he  did  not 
name  the  poet,  that  he  pretended  to  be 
dealing  with  more  persons  than  one,  and  he 
could  triumphantly  refer  objectors  to  the 
passage  in  his  book  in  which  he  commends 
Turbervile  by  name. 

I  will  deal  with  these  four  passages  now. 

In  two  places  (pp.  181  and  262)  Puttenham 
treats  of  Histeron  proteron,  or  the  Pre- 
posterous, a  manner  of  disordered  speech 
when  one  misplaces  words  or  clauses,  and 
sets  that  before  which  should  come  behind, 
that  is,  setting  the  cart  before  the  horse. 
He  says  : — 

"  This  vice  is  sometime  tollerable  inough,  but 
if  the  word  carry  away  notable  sence,  it  is  a  vice 
not  tollerable,  as  he  that  said  praising  a  woman  for 
her  red  lippes,  thus  : 

A   corrall   lip   of   hew. 

Which  is  no  good  speech,  because  either  he 
should  have  sayd  no  more  but  a  corrall  lip,  which 
had  bene  inough  to  declare  the  rednesse,  or  els 
he  should  have  said,  a  lip  of  corrall  hew,  and  not  a 
corrall  lip  of  hew.  Now  if  this  disorder  be  in  a 
whole  clause  which  carieth  more  sentence  then 
a  word,  it  is  then  worst  of  all." 

Thus  in  Turbervile's  '  Songs  and  Sonnets,' 
&c.  : — 

A  little  mouth  with  decent  chin, 

a  corrall  lip  of  hue, 
With  teeth  as  white  as  whale  his  bone, 
eche  one  in  order  due. 

'  Praise  of  his  Love,'  p.  231. 
Again : — 

"  Ye  have  another  vicious  speech  which  the 
Greekes  callAcyron,  we  call  it  the  uncouthe,  and  is 
when  we  use  an  obscure  and  darke  word,  and 
utterly  repugnant  to  that  we  would  expresse,  if 
it  be  not  by  vertue  of  the  figures  metaphore, 
allegoric,  abusion,  or  such  other  laudable  figure 
before  remembred,  as  he  that  said  by  way  of 
Epithete. 

"  A  dongeon  deepe,  a  dampe  as  darke  as  hell. 
Where  it  is  evident  that  a  dampe  being  but  a 
breath  or  vapour,  and  not  to  be  discerned  by  the 


eye,  ought  not  to  have  this  epithete  (darke,)  no 
more  then  another  that  praysing  his  mistresse  for  her 
bewtifull  haire,  said  very  improperly  and  with  an 
uncouth  terme. 

Her  haire  surmounts  Apollos  pride, 

In  it  such  bewty  raignes. 

Whereas  this  word  raigne  is  ill  applied  to  the 
bewtie  of  a  womans  haire,  and  might  better 
have  bene  spoken  of  her  whole  person,  in  which 
bewtie,  favour  and  good  grace,  may  perhaps  in 
some  sort  be  said  to  raigne  as  our  selves  wrate, 
in  a  Partheniade  praising  her  Majesties  coun- 
tenance, thus : — 

A  cheare  where  love  and  Majestie  do  raigne, 

Both  milde  and  sterne,  &c. 

Because  this  word  Majestie  is  a  word  expressing 
a  certaine  Soveraigne  dignitie,  as  well  as  a 
quallitie  of  countenance,  and  therefore  may 
properly  be  said  to  raigne,  and  requires  no 
meaner  word  to  set  him  foorth  by.  So  it  is  not 
of  the  bewtie  that  remaines  in  a  womans  haire, 
or  in  her  hand  or  in  any  other  member  :  therefore 
when  ye  see  all  these  improper  or  harde  Epithets 
used,  ye  may  put  them  in  the  number  of  [uncouths] 
as  one  that  said,  the  flouds  of  graces  :  I  have  heard 
of  the  flouds  of  teares,  and  the  flouds  of  eloquence, 
or  of  any  thing  that  may  resemble  the  nature  of  a 
water-course,  and  in  that  respect  we  say  also,  the 
sU-eames  of  teares,  and  the  streames  of  utterance, 
but  not  the  streames  of  graces,  or  of  beautie." 

Now  all  this  while  the  critic  has  been 
thrashing  one  man — not  several,  as  his 
references  would  imply— and  he  has,  appa- 
rently, laboured  to  throw  us  off  the  scent. 

The  other  three  passages  dealt  with 
by  Puttenham  appear  in  Turbervile  as 
follows  : — 

A  laberinth,  a  loathsome  lodge  to  dwell, 
A  dungeon  deepe,  a  dampe  as  darke  as  hell. 
'  The  Lover  whose  Lady  dwelt  fast  by  a  Prison,' 
Collier,  p.  215. 

Hir  haire  surmounts  Apollos  pride, 

in  it  such  beautie  raines  ; 
Hir  glistring  eies  the  cristall  farre 

and  finest  saphire  staines. 

'  Praise  of  his  Love,'  p.  231. 

As  soone  with  might  thou  mayst  remove 
the  rock  from  whence  it  growes, 

As  frame  hir  featurde  forme  in  whome 
such  flouds  of  graces  flowes. 

'  Praise  of  his  Love,'  231. 

Elsewhere  in  Turbervile  we  find  him 
using  "dampe"  as  in  the  passage  selected 
for  censure  : — 

To  shadie  Acheron  sometime  he  flings  the  same, 
And  deepest  damp  of  hollow  hell  those  impes  to 
tame.  '  Of  Ladie  Venus,'  &c.,  p.  188. 

And  one  may  take  it  for  granted  that  he  did 
not  coin  the  word,  which  is  very  suggestive, 
and    not    deserving    of    condemnation.     It  j 
reminds  one  of  Shakespeare  ('  2  Henry  VI.,' 
I.  iv.  19)  :— 

Deep  night,  dark  night,  the  silent  of  the  night ; 


n  s.  ii.  AUG.  6, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


105 


just  as  Puttenham's  censure  recalls  the 
defence  of  Spenser  in  E.  K.'s  preface  to 
'  The  Shepheards  Calender  J  :— 

"  Other  some  not  so  well  scene  in  the  English 
tongue,  as  perhaps  in  other  languages,  if  they 
happen  to  heare  an'olde  word,  albeit  very  naturall 
and  significant,  cry  out  straightway,  that  we 
speake  no  English,  but  gibberish,"  &c. 

We  may,  without  research,  conclude  that 
Turbervile  snapped  up  his  word  from  one 
of  the  poets  whose  work  he  imitates  and 
copies  so  slavishly,  just  as  he  snapped  up 
"  surmounts  Apollos  pride  ??  from  Sir  Thomas 
Wyatt  :— 
The  crisped  golde,  that  doth  surmount  Apollos 

pride.          Tottel's  '  Miscellany,'  Arber,  p.  75. 

CHABLES  CBAWFOBD. 
(To  be  continued.) 


EUGENE  ARAM. 

THE  sale  by  Messrs.  Sotheby,  Wilkinson  & 
Hodge,  on  the  6th  of  July,  of  documents 
relating  to  this  remarkable  trial — made 
generally  famous  first  by  Hood's  poem,  which 
appeared  in  *  The  Gem  *  for  1829,  followed  by 
Bulwer's  novel,  published  December  22nd, 
1831 — will  probably  lead  to  fresh  investiga- 
tions as  to  the  innocence  or  guilt  of  this 
man  of  studious  habits  and  gentle  manners. 
The  documents  sold  were  thus  described 
in  the  catalogue,  and  the  price  they  fetched 
was  thirty-one  pounds  : — 

"  120  Aram  (Eugene)  A  remarkable  Collection 
of  eleven  original  Documents  relating  to  this 
extraordinary  and  historic  case,  including  the 
Coroner's  Inquisition  upon  the  finding  of  a 
skeleton  on  Thistle  Hill,  Knaresborough,in  August, 
1758,  supposed  to  be  that  of  Daniel  Clark,  who 
had  disappeared  14  years  previously,  the  exam- 
ination of  various  witnesses,  including  Eugene 
Aram's  wife,  as  to  the  circumstances  connected 
with  Clark's  disappearance,  and  the  Coroner's 
Inquisition  upon  the  finding  of  a  second  skeleton 
in  St.  Robert's  Cave,  in  consequence  of  the  con- 
fession of  Richard  Houseman,  which  led  to  the 
celebrated  trial  and  execution  of  Eugene  Aram 
as  his  accomplice.  (11) 

'  %*  These  Documents  have  come  down  to 
the  present  owner  from  his  ancestor,  John 
Theakston,  the  Coroner  who  held  the  Inquisi- 
tions and  examined  the  witnesses." 

In  1840  Bulwer  in  his  preface  to  a  new 
edition  of  his  novel  wrote  : — 

"  During  Aram's  residence  at  Lynn,  his  reputa- 
tion for  learning  had  attracted  the  notice  of  my 

grandfather Aram  frequently  visited  at 

Heydon,  my  grandfather's  house,  and  gave 
lessons,  probably  in  no  very  elevated  branches 
of  erudition,  to  the  younger  members  of  the 
family.  This  I  chanced  to  hear  when  I  was  on 
;i  visit  in  Norfolk,  some  two  years  before  this 
novel  was  published,  and  it  tended  to  increase 


the  interest  with  which  I  had  previously  specu- 
lated on  the  phenomena  of  a  trial  which,  take 
it  altogether,  is  perhaps  the  most  remarkable  in 
the  register  of  English  crime." 

All  the  information  collected  by  the  novelist 
showed  Aram  to  be  "a  man  of  the  mildest 
character  and  the  most  unexceptionable 
morals  n  : — 

"  An  invariable  gentleness  and  patience  in  his 
mode  of  tuition — qualities  then  very  uncommon  at 
schools — had  made  him  so  beloved  by  his  pupils  at 
Lynn,  that  in  after  life  there  was  scarcely  one  of 
them  who  did  not  persist  in  the  belief  in  his 
innocence." 

He  had 

"  a  singular  eloquence  in  conversation — an  active 
tenderness  and  charity  to  the  poor,  with  whom 
he  was  always  ready  to  share  his  own  scanty 
means — an  apparent  disregard  to  money,  except 
when  employed  in  the  purchase  of  books." 

Bulwer's  investigations  had  at  this  time 
led  him  to  the  conclusion  that  the  legal 
evidence  was  extremely  deficient,  and  in  the 
edition  published  by  Messrs.  Chapman  & 
Hall  in  1849  he  states  that  he  had  con- 
vinced himself  *'  that,  though  an  accom- 
plice in  the  robbery  of  Clarke,  he  [Aram] 
was  free  both  from  the  premeditated  design 
and  the  actual  deed  of  murder.^  Bulwer 
altered  his  novel  accordingly. 

In  the  Sixth  Series  of  *  N.  &  Q.2  are  several 
important  references  to  Eugene  Aram.  On 
the  1st  of  January,  1881,  MB.  F.  W.  JOY 
supplies  an  unpublished  letter  of  Eugene 
Aram's,  dated  from  London,  July  19th, 
1 754.  In  this  Aram  mentions  that  his  situa- 
tions had  been  various,  and  that  he  was 

*'  Tutor  3  years  to  the  sons  of  a  ffamily  of 
distinction  in  Berks  &  in  other  Imployments  of 
that  kind  4  years.  With  the  money  arising  thence 
I  went  over  into  ffrance  a  Tour  partly  of  curiosity 
&  partly  of  profit  in  which  having  visited  Roan 
Paris  &c.  &  even  Blois  &  Orleans  I  acquired  the 
Language  which  is  now  at  once  an  extraordinary 
recom'endation  &  benefit  to  me." 

MB.  JOY  remarks  that  "in  the  narrative 
of  his  life,  which  he  wrote  after  his  con- 
demnation, he  omitted  all  mention  of  his 
visit  to  France.'* 

On  the  17th  of  November,  1883,  G. 
WINTEB  is  informed  that  accounts  of  Eugene 
Aram  may  be  found  in  the  '  Biographia 
Britannica,'  ed.  Kippis  ;  '  Genuine  Account 
of  the  Trial  of  Eugene  Aram/  London,  1759  ; 
The  Gentleman's  Magazine,  and  The  Annual 
Register  for  the  same  year,  and  various 
biographical  dictionaries. 

On  the  17th  of  January,  1885,  FBANCESCA 
asks  for  information  respecting  Eugene 
Aram.  Many  replies  appear  on  the  14th  of 
February.  MB.  BBIEBLEY  gives  an  extract 
from  The  Gentleman1 8  Magazine  of  Septem- 


106 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  6, 1910. 


ber,  1837  ;  ESTE  supplies  a  list  of  books, 
pamphlets,  and  cuttings  in  his  possession  ; 
JULIAN  MARSHALL  states  that  Caulfield's 
'  Remarkable  Persons  '  contains  a  memoir 
and  portrait  ;  and  W.  C.  B.  mentions  that 
"* '  among  the  subscribers  to  the  '  History  of 
Hull l  written  by  the  extraordinary  printer 
Thomas  Gent,  and  printed  by  him  at  York 
in  1735,"  appears  the  name  of  "  Mr.  Eugenius 
Aram."  On  the  28th  of  March  CUTHBERT 
BEDE  writes  :  "  See  also,  for  an  excellent 
digest  of  this  case,  '  Historic  Yorkshire,'  by 
William  Andrews,  F.R.H.S.  (London,  Reeves 
.&  Turner,  1883),  chap,  xxiii."  He  also 
states  that  "  Lord  Lytton  intended  to  have 
treated  the  subject  as  a  tragedy,  and  what  he 
had  thus  prepared  for  the  stage  he  published 
in  The  New  Monthly  Magazine  during  the 
period  when  he  edited  it  (August,  1833, 
vol.  xxxviii.  No.  152).n 

In  The  Leeds  Mercury  of  November  llth, 
1899,  appeared  a  defence  of  Eugene  Aram 
-by  Mr.  J.  M.  Richardson  of  Huddersfield. 
This  was  referred  to  in  our  review  of  the  life 
of  Lytton  by  Mr.  T.  H.  S.  Escott  (1 1  S.  i.  280). 
He  contends  that, 

•*'  like  Dreyfus,  he  was  the  victim  of  perjury  and 
f orgery . . . .  Dr.  Paley,  who  was  present  at  the 
"trial,  always  asserted  that  Aram  was  innocent. 
He  said,  '  Aram  hung  himself  by  his  cleverness.'  " 
JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 


"  AVERAGE.'* — It  is  generally  agreed  that 
this  word  is  composed  of  the  widely  spread 
mercantile  Mediterranean  word  avaria  + 
.suffix  -age  (see  *  N.E.D.,'  and  Skeat's  '  Etym. 
Diet.,'  ed.  1910).  In  '  N.E.D.'  we  find  that 
one  of  the  technical  senses  of  the  English 
word  "  average  "  is  "  the  expense  or  loss  to 
owners,  arising  from  damage  at  sea  to  the 
ship  or  cargo."-  I  think  it  can  be  shown  that 
the  original  notion  of  the  Mediterranean 
word  avaria,  with  which  modern  etymologists 
•connect  our  "  average,1'  was  damage  or  loss. 
This  is  certainly  the  principal  meaning  of 
avaria  in  the  Romanic  languages.  In  Portu- 
•guese  avaria  means  "  damage  to  a  vessel  or 
cargo";  cp.  Fr.  avarie,  "  dommage  arrive 
a  un  vaisseau,  ou  aux  marchandises  dont 
il  est  charge  depuis  le  depart  jusqu'au 
retour"  ('Diet,  de  1'Acad.,'  1786);  also 
It.  avaria,  "  a  sea-phrase,  viz.,  a  consumption 
or  distribution  of  the  loss  made,  when  goods 
are  cast  away  on  purpose  in  a  storm  to  save 
'the  vessel •"  (Florio). 

Now    what    is    the    etymology    of     this 

Mediterranean  word  avaria,  which  appears  to 

have    the    general    meaning    of    "  dommage 

'arrive  a  un  vaisseau,  a  des  marchandises  "  ? 


Dozy,  in  his  '  Glossaire,'  p.  217,  has  no  doubt 
whatever  about  the  derivation  of  this  word  ; 
"II  est  tres-certainement  d'origine  arabe." 
As  an  Arabic  etymology  has  been  summarily 
dismissed  by  '  N.E.D.'  and  Skeat  in  their 
accounts  of  the  word  "  average,"  I  will  copy 
out  what  Dozy  has  to  say  in  its  favour.  He 
derives  avaria  from  Arab.  lawdr,  loss,  damage, 
and  says  : — 

"II  ne  faut  pas  croire  que  'awdr,  pris  en  ce 
sens,  est  un  neologisme  ;  il  appartient  au  contraire 
a  la  langue  arabe  classique,  dans  laquelle  on  dit 
'  une  marchandise  qui  a  un  defaut  (iawdr).'>  Les 
marchands  italiens,  par  suite  des  relations  fre- 
quentes  qu'ils  avaient  avec  les  Arabes,  ont  adopts 
le  mot  'awdr,  qui  etait  fort  en  usage  dans  le 
commerce  ;  ce  qui  le  prouve,  c'est  que  les  passages 
que  Ducange  donne  sous  avaria  sont  empruntes 
a  des  documents  genois  et  pisans.  C'est  aussi 
par  1'entremise  des  Italiens  que  ce  mot  s'est 
introduit  dans  presque  toutes  les  langues  euro- 
p^ennes. — La  transcription  avaria  est  bonne  ; 
ia  est  la  terminaison  italienne.  On  trouve  cette 
forme  dans  un  document  Catalan  de  1258  (apud 
Capmany,  '  Memorias  sobre  la  marina  de  Barce- 
lona,' ii.  27)." 

I  do  not  see  any  valid  reason  for  rejecting 
the  account  of  avaria  given  by  this  eminent 
scholar.  All  the  uses  of  avaria  and 
"  average  "  may  be  easily  deduced  from  the 
primary  meaning  of  damage  or  loss.  This 
radical  meaning  was  also  common  Semitic, 
and  may  be  traced  in  the  Hebrew  root 
'dwar,  which  is  found  in  the  special  sense  of 
loss  of  eyesight,  blindness. 

It  may  be  noted  that  the  form  of  the 
English  word  ' '  average  "  with  the  suffix 
•age  is  due  to  the  analogy  of  "poundage," 
"tonnage,"  "pilotage,""  and  other  com- 
mercial terms.  A.  L.  MAYHEW. 

21,  Norham  Road,  Oxford. 

TOE  NAMES. — I  have  some  remembrance  of 
having  seen  years  ago  in  '  N.  &  Q.''  mention 
of  fanciful  names  given  by  children  (or 
nurses)  to  their  toes.  The  following  may 
therefore  interest  some  readers.  The  names 
were  taught  to  my  brother  and  myself  in  the 
sixties  by  our  nurse,  a  young  woman  from 
Braintree,  Essex  : — 

Great  toe,  Tom  Barker. 

Second  toe,  Long  Rachel. 

Third  toe,  Minnie  Wilkin. 

Fourth  toe,  Milly  Larkin. 

Fifth  toe,  Little  Dick. 

JOHN  T.  KEMP. 

SLOVENE  HYMN. — The  words  of  the  hymi 
sung    by    the    Slovenes,    "  Naprej    zastav 
slave  "  ("  On  high  the  glorious  standard  " 
were  written  by  the  poet  S.  Jenko  in  1859. 
The  melody,   I  read  in   a  Bohemian   Sokol 
journal,  was  composed  by  Davorin  Jenko  al 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  6,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


107 


the  age  of  75,  on  16  May,  1860,  and  has 
thus  completed  its  half-century.  (I 
attempted  a  verse  rendering  of  this  hymn 
in  a  musical  journal  a  few  months  ago. )  The 
opening  verses  and  tune  are  full  of  martial 
ardour,  but  the  later  are  in  a  different  vein — 
the  appeal  of  a  weeping  mother  and  the 
consolatory  words  of  a  warlike  son.  It  is 
related  that  Davorin  Jenko  long  sought  to 
compose  a  suitable  melody,  but  in  vain. 
Hearing  of  some  German  aggression  in  a 
Vienna  cafe  frequented  by  Slovene  students, 
he  walked  out,  and  during  a  stroll  in  the 
Prater  the  melody  came  into  his  mind.  He 
returned  to  the  cafe,  sat  down,  and  wrote  it 
out. 

Not  long  before  his  death  Mr.  James 
Platt  sent  me  a  published  translation  of  a 
Slovene  poem  which  he  had  made.  He 
seemed  to  take  especial  inlerest  in  this 
language,  which  is  aside  from  the  attention 
of  most  scholars. 

FRANCIS  P.  MABCHANT. 
Streatham  Common. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


QUEEN  ELIZABETH  AND  ASTROLOGY. — I 
shall  be  glad  if  some  reader  will  kindly  give 
me  information  about  the  work  on  astrology, 
an  Elzevir,  now  in  the  British  Museum, 
printed  in  Antwerp  by  Hemming  Sixth.  A 
copy  of  this  book  was  retained  by  Shake  - 
spere  after  it  was  ordered  to  be  destroyed  by 
Queen  Elizabeth.  I  wish  to  know  the 
personal  history  of  the  author,  and  any- 
thing genealogical  to  be  found  in  the  book. 
EVELYN  H.  LAMB. 

Keystone  Hotel,  San  Diego,  California. 

ANATOLE  FRANCE'S  '  THAIS.'— Is  there  any 
earlier  source  of  Anatole  France's  story  of 

*  Thais  l  than  the  Latin  play  '  Paphnutius  ' 
('Die  Bekehrung  der  Buhlerin  Thais')  by 
Roswitha,    the  nun   of   Gandersheim    (950- 

'00  A.D.)  ?  Does  Anatole  France  acknow- 
ledge his  source  ?  Was  this  particular 
Thai's,  a  real  character  ?  W.  G.  S. 

•  Indianopolis. 

MORGANATIC  MARRIAGES. — Where  can  I 
find  a  list  of  the  most  important  morganatic 
marriages  ?  Is  there  any  published  account 
0  x?uc kmarriages  ?  T.  W.  WINSHIP. 

New  York  City. 


FATHER  PETERS  AND  QUEEN  MARY. — 
In  a  volume  containing  a  collection  of  old 
tracts,  and  with  an  (apparently)  autograph 
fly-leaf  inscription,  "  D.  Wyttenbach  ex 
auctione  Senteniana,??  I  find  a  single  leaf 
(7J  in.  by  5£  in.),  having  one  side  blank 
and  the  other  with  the  following  lines  in 
print  : — 

NENIA  INJURIOSA  ET  PRAEPOSTERA 

Effrenis,  pestilentisque  Jesuitae,  allatrantis  pientis- 

simos  Manes  ; 

Dilapidantis  lapidem  sepulchralem 
Serenissimae,  Potentissimaeque 

MARIAE  STUART, 

Magnae  Britanuiae,  Franciae,  &  Hibernise 

REGINAE 

Incomparabilis,  inimitabilisque  Religionis, 
Vindicis,  due. 

Auriaca  occubuit  Violati  Numinis  ira 

Addita  portentis,  Angelica  terra,  tuis. 
Dura  Soror,  sterilis  conjux,  nata  impia,  majus 

Ausa  nefas,  quod  riec  Tullia  dira  probet. 
Neu  sceleris  palmam  credas  cessisse  marito, 
Hie  socerum  Regnis  exuit,  ilia  patrem. 
Imprimatur, 
P.  PETERS,  S.J. 
Liberorum  Censor 
Vidit,   <£•  approbavit, 
appositd   SIM   stigmatis 
sigillo. 

Is  the  exact  date  of  this  print  known  ? 
P.  J.  ANDERSON. 
University  Library,  Aberdeen. 

JOHN  HOUSEMAN  was  elected  a  fellow  of 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  in  1644, 
having  been  "passed"  by  the  Assembly  of 
Divines  along  with  six  others,  while  seven 
of  the  existing  Fellows  were  deprived  ;  vide 
'  Sedbergh  School  Register.'  Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  inform  me  as  to  the 
subsequent  career  of  this  man  ? 

W.  H.  CHIPPINDALL,  Col. 
5,  Linden  Road,  Bedford. 

CHARLES  II.  AND  HIS  FUBBS  YACHT. — 
There  is  a  tavern  called  "  Fubbs  Yacht  "  in 
Brewhouse  Lane,  Greenwich,  overlooking 
:he  Thames,  that  when  last  I  saw  it  was 
quaint  and  old-fashioned.  This  sign  owes 
ts  origin  to  the  name  of  a  yacht  built  for 
Charles  II.,  about  which  a  paragraph  has 
ately  been  going  the  rounds  of  the  news- 
Dapers.  Fubbs  is  therein  stated  to  have 
3een  a  familiar  nickname  applied  by  that 
dng  to  his  favourite  Louise  de  Keroualle, 
Duchess  of  Portsmouth. 

In  a  former  paragraph,  which  appeared 
some  years  ago,  the  yacht  was  said  to  have 
n  named  after  the  Duchess  of  Cleveland, 
who  was  supplanted  by  her  French  rival, 
and  there  is  in  Hawkins's  '  History  of 


108 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  e,  1910. 


Music  '  a  story  of  its  having  been  almost 
wrecked  off  the  coast  of  Kent  with  the 
King  and  Duke  of  York  on  board,  who  had 
to  work  like  common  sailors.  Doubtless 
among  your  readers  there  are  some  whose 
information  about  this  vessel  and  the  use  of 
the  word  by  Charles  II.  is  fuller  and  more 
accurate  than  mine,  and  it  would,  I  am 
sure,  be  worth  while  to  have  a  permanent 
record  in  *  N.  &  Q.'  of  the  facts. 

Perhaps    something    of    interest    is    also 
known  about  "  Fubbs  Yacht,'*  the  tavern. 
PHILIP  NORMAN. 

'  THE  ENGLISH  FREEHOLD ER,!  1791.— 
Who  was  the  author  of  this  political  periodi- 
cal, published  by  John  Stockdale  of  Picca- 
dilly ?  I  have  the  first  seven  numbers, 
dated  respectively  June  1,  ^  10,  18,  25, 
29,  July  5,  1791'.  \V.  ROBERTS. 

SUDAN  ARCHAEOLOGY. — Sir  Eldon  Gorst,  in 
his  Annual  Report  on  '  Egypt  and  the 
Soudan'  for  1909  (Egypt,  No.  1,  1910, 
p.  75),  writes  : — 

"  Dr.  Maclver's  excavations  at  Behen  have  pro- 
duced a  variety  of  material  of  scientific  and  his- 
toric interest. 

"  Prof.  Sayce  has  published  an  interesting  report 
of  his  last  year's  expedition  to  Merowe,  and  Mr. 
Garstang  has  recently  commenced  experimental 
diggings  on  the  site  of  the  ancient  city  of  that 
name." 

Behen  is  the  ancient  name  of  Wadi  Haifa, 
at  the  second  cataract  of  the  Nile,  where,  as 
announced  in  The  Times  of  25  March,  1909, 
p.  10,  Mr.  Maclver  conducted  excavations 
in  the  winter  of  1908-9. 

An  account  of  Prof.  Sayce's  discoveries  was 
printed  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Society 
of  Biblical  Archaeology,  vol.  xxxi.,  1909, 
p.  189  sq.  ;  also,  more  briefly,  in  The  Times 
of  25  March,  1909,  p.  10. 

Where  can  I  find  further  particulars  of 
these  and  Mr.  Gars  tang's  diggings  ? 

FREDK.  A.  EDWARDS. 

39,  Agate  Road,  Hammersmith,  W. 

THE  OLD  PRETENDER. — I  should  be  much 
obliged  if  any  one  would  tell  me  whether 
the  Old  Pretender  was  Knight  of  the  Orders 
of  the  Golden  Fleece  and  the  Holy  Ghost, 
and  whether  he  is  ever  represented  as  wearing 
the  collars  of  those  orders.  E.  LAWS. 

Brython  Place,  Tenby. 

THE  KING'S  BUTLER. — Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  whether  this  "  service  "  is 
common  amongst  lords  of  manors  originally 
granted  from  the  Crown  ?  According  to 
Camden,  the  "Manor  of  Buckenham  is 
held  upon  this  condition,  that  the  lords  of  it 


be  butlers  at  the  Coronation  of  the  Kings  of 
England."  In  former  days  doubtless  the 
duties  were  light  and  the  perquisites  large  ; 
and  if  there  were  several  King's  Butlers  n 
at  each  Coronation,  the  seeds  of  many 
quarrels  must  have  been  sown  on  such 
occasions.  L.  C.  R. 

Reform  Club. 

MEREDITH  AND  MOSER. — I  have  heard 
that  Meredith's  '  Egoist l  resembles  one  of 
the  novels  of  the  German  Mcser.  Can  any  of 
your  readers  tell  me  which  ?  J.  M. 

LORD  MAYORS  AND  THEIR  COUNTIES  OF 
ORIGIN. — I  understand  that  not  long  ago 
there  appeared  some  account  of  the  Lord 
Mayors  of  London  and  the  counties  of 
England  they  hailed  from.  I  should  be  glad 
of  a  reference  to  the  article.  I  have  made 
out  a  list  of  seven  Cornish  Lord  Mayors 
(Geffreys,  Cheverton,  Lawrence,  Lawrence,. 
Truscott,  Treloar,  and  Truscott),  and  should 
be  glad  to  have  the  list  extended  if  possible. 
J.  HAMBLEY  ROWE,  M.B. 

Bradford. 

DEAN  ALFORD'S  POEMS. — Can  any  of  your 
readers  tell  me  who  publishes  a  complete 
edition  of  Henry  Alford's  (Dean  Alford's) 
poems  ?  That  at  the  British  Museum,, 
e.g.,  lacks  the  poem  '  Be  Just  and  Fear  Not,* 
which  I  particularly  want. 

ARNOLD  EILOART. 

Walden,  Ditton  Hill,  Surbiton. 

MANOR  :  SAC  :  SOKE. — In  the  Rev.  J» 
Eastwood's  '  History  of  Ecclesfield,  co. 
York,1  it  is  stated  (p.  15)  that  the  word 
"  manor  "  was  introduced  into  this  country 
by  King  Edward  the  Confessor,  who  brought 
it  from  Normandy  to  take  the  place  of  what 
was  before  called  "  sac  "  or  "  soke."  Is  this 
strictly  accurate  ?  "  Manor  "  is,  I  am  aware,. 
a  late  word  in  Anglo-Saxon,  but  I  think  I 
have  met  with  its  use  before  the  reign  of  the 
Confessor.  I  may  also  remark  that  "  sac  l* 
and  *'  soke  "  are  not  always  equivalent  to 
•'  manor."  A.  O.  V.  P. 

[The  earliest  quotation  for  "manor"  in  the 
'  N.E.D.'  is  c.  1290.] 

MR.  W.  GRAHAM  AND  JANE  CLERMONT.— - 
In  1898  appeared  a  book  entitled  '  Last 
Links  with  Byron,  Shelley,  and  Keats,* 
parts  of  which  had  previously  been  contri- 
buted to  magazines.  The  author,  Mr. 
William  Graham,  described  several  conversa- 
tions which  he  had  had  with  Miss  Jane 
Clermont  at  Florence,  part  of  which  she  made 
him  promise  not  to  divulge  till  ten  years  after 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  e,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


109 


J  her  death,  and  part  not  till  thirty  years  after 
|  This  second  portion  could  not,  therefore 
I  have  been  published  till  1909,  but  Mr 
i' Graham  in  his  preface  says  that  the  publica 
fition  of  the  Hobhouse  memoirs  in  1901 
|j  would  release  him  from  his  promise,  and  that 
'he  should  then  "be  at  liberty  to  deal  with 
jClermont  matters  in  full.31  Has  this  in- 
tention ever  been  carried  out  ?  I  believe 
I  that  the  Hobhouse  memoirs  were  published 
'not  long  ago — certainly  later  than  1901 — 
but  I  have  not  been  able  to  discover  that 
I  Mr.  Graham  has  given  any  further  par- 
ticulars to  the  world.  E.  L.  H.  TEW. 
Upham.  Rectory,  Southampton. 

[Four  volumes  of  the  Hobhouse  memoirs, 
edited  by  Lady  Dorchester,  have  been  published 
by  Mr.  Murray.] 

BERNARD  OR  BARNARD  WILSON  (1689- 
1772)  was  not  "  admitted  at  Westminster  in 
1704,"  as  the  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.'  (Ix.  84)  states, 
but  was  admitted  on  the  foundation  there 
in  that  year,  and  was  elected  thence  to  a 
scholarship  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
in  1709.  What  was  the  name  of  his  mother, 
|who  "was  descended  from  Sir  William 
Sutton,  Bart.  "  ?  and  when  did  he  marry 
i"  a  lady  named  Bradford  "  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

GERVASE  WARMESTRY  (1604-41)  was 
[elected  a  student  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
ifrom  Westminster  in  1621.  The  '  Diet. 
Nat.  Biog.J  (lix.  388),  which  ignores  the  fact 
that  he  was  a  King's  Scholar,  and  that  he 
obtained  his  studentship  from  Westminster, 
states  that  he  left  a  widow.  When  and 
whom  did  he  marry  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

RED  LION  SQUARE  OBELISK.— John  Wallis 
in  his  reissue  of  Ralph's  '  Critical  Review 
of  the  Public  Buildings,  &c.,  of  London,' 
1783,  cites  an  "  anonymous  writer "-  who 
observed  of  the  enclosed  area  of  Red  Lion 
Square 

' '  that  it  is  calculated  to  inspire  funeral  ideas.  I 
am  sure  I  never  go  into  it  without  thinking  of  my 
latter  end.  The  rough  sod  that  heaves  in  many  a 
mouldering  heap,  the  dreary  length  of  the  sides 
with  the  four  watch-houses  like  so  many  family- 
vaults  at  the  corners,  and  the  naked  obelisk  that 
springs  from  amidst  the  rank  grass,  like  the  sad 
monument  of  a  widow  for  the  loss  of  her  first  hus- 
band, form  all  together  a  memento  more  powerful 
to  me  than  a  death's  head  and  cross  marrow-bones  • 
and  were  but  the  parson's  bull  to  be  seen  bellowing 
at  the  gate,  the  idea  of  a  country  church-yard  would 
be  compleat. 

What  did  the  obelisk  mark  or  record — 
the  head  of  the  City  conduit  ?  The  square 
was  not  planned  before  1690,  so  this  pre- 
sumably would  be  superfluous.  Was  it  a 


recognition  of  the  story  of  the  supposed 
interment  of  Cromwell,  Ireton,  &c.,  or  was 
it  simply  decorative  ? 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

INSCRIPTION  IN  HYERES  CATHEDRAL. — 
Can  any  one  oblige  me  by  translating  into 
modern  English  the  following  inscription  ? 
It  is  from  the  interior  of  Hyeres  Cathedral, 
now  used  as  the  parish  church,  I  believe  : — 

HIC  :  IACET  : 

DOMNVS  :  G  :  D  : 

:  A  :  FOSis  :  DO 

MINVS  :  ARCA  : 
RVM  :  QVI  :  OB 
IIT  :  ANNO  :  DOM 

INI  :  M  :  ci  ci  :  mi  :  o  [?  1204] 

RATA  :  PRO  :  EO. 
AN  :  DEVS  :  ME  :  AIET  :  MOXI  AGET  : 

ILLICO  :  TASTATOR. 
CTENTI  :  A  ..IMAM  :  TARRAEARAM  : 
PIGNORIBVS  :  RESILASIA  :  QVA  :  DIE  : 
DVX  :  VITAE  :  RVERO  RELINQVO. 

W.  H.  S. 

SPIDER'S  WEB  AND  FEVER. — I  do  not 
know  if  this  superstition  has  been  men- 
tioned in  *  N.  &  Q.,1  but  I  recollect  that  many 
folks  used  to  hold  the  opinion  that  in  cases 
of  fever  the  illness  would  linger  if  there 
was  a  cobweb  or  spider's  nest  in  the  room. 
Is  it  a  present-day  belief  ? 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Worksop. 

ARMS  OF  WOMEN. — When  a  man  marries 
he  may  properly  impale  his  wife's  arms  with 
his  own ;  but  when  the  wife  leaves  him  a 
widower  is  it  right  to  remove  her  arms  so 
impaled,  or  do  they  remain  ?  If  they  remain, 
and  he  -  marry  a  second  wife,  what  occurs 
then  ?  Is  the  sinister  side  of  the  shield 
again  divided  into  chief  and  base  to  allow 
the  impalement  of  the  two  femmes  arms, 
or  how  otherwise  ?  A.  H. 

[See  also  10  S.  x.  429 ;  xi.  296 ;  xii.  97.] 

THE  TEMPLE  AT  JERUSALEM  :  MS.  WORK, 
1839. — In  a  periodical  of  1839,  to  some 
extent  dealing  with  archaeology,  is  an  edi- 
torial note  stating  that 

'  a  curious  MS.  has  just  been  completed  after  a 
abour  of  more  than  twenty  years,  a  treatise  on  the 
Temple  of  Jerusalem,  in  four  books,  dealing  with 
the  successive  Temples,  their  furniture  and  utensils, 
,nd  giving  the  most  minute  details,  some  calcula- 
;kms  descending  to  one-sixth  of  an  inch." 

After  describing  the  MS.  as  a  condensation  of 

:he   labours   of   more   than   three   hundred 

authors,  the  notice  says  : — 

"The  author  has  employed  as  translators  the 

rincipal  Rabbins,  of   whom    he    had   frequently 

hree  at  a  time,  either  travelling  or  domicilea  with 


110 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  -AUG.  e,  mo. 


him,  and  he  estimates  his  outlay  at  10,000/.  He 
now  seeks  to  find  a  purchaser,  or  aid  in  printing 
the  work  by  subscription;  the  necessity  for  his 
return  to  Rome  will  induce  him  very  thankfully  to 
accept  a  very  moderate  remuneration." 

I  can  find  no  further  allusion  to  the  subject, 
and  shall  be  glad  if  light  can  be  thrown  upon 
the  identity  of  the  author  mentioned,  and 
if  the  manuscript  can  be  recognized  as 
haying  been  published  at  any  subsequent 
date  to  1839.  :  W.  B.  H. 

IRISHMAN  AND  THUNDERSTORM. — I  have 
read  somewhere  of  an  Irishman  who  mistook 
the  buzzing  in  his  own  ears  for,  I  think, 
a  thunderstorm,  and  was  angry  because 
people  did  not  fly  at  his  call  to  shelter. 
Will  some  one  oblige  me  by  a  reference  to 
the  author  ?  Lucis. 


WESTMINSTER  CATHEDRAL  : 

ALPHABET  CEREMONY. 

(11  S.  ii.  49.) 

THE  'York  Pontifical,*  Surtees  Society, 
vol.  Ixi.,  under  '  Dedicatio  Ecclesiae,' 
pp.  59-61,  gives  this  ceremony  of  the 
alphabet.  The  bishop  is  to  write,  "  cum 
baculo,"  the  Greek  alphabet  in  sand,  or  in 
ashes,  on  the  pavement,  from  the  left 
corner  east  to  the  right  corner  west.  The 
names  of  the  letters  are  set  down,  26  in 
number,  and  the  numbers  1  to  10,  then 
by  tens  to  100,  then  by  hundreds  to 
1,000,  and  last,  by  thousands,  to  "  ecato- 
stochile."  The  arrangement  and  spelling 
are  peculiar.  Next,  from  the  right  corner 
east  to  the  left  corner  west  was  to  be 
written  the  Latin  alphabet.  Here  was  left 
a  blank  for  it  in  the  manuscript,  the  bishop 
being  presumed  to  know  it.  The  accom- 
panying "  Oratio  "  refers  to  Moses  on  Sinai 
receiving  the  two  tables  of  stone  written  by 
the  finger  of  God,  and  the  bishop  beseeches 
the  acceptance  of  the  prayers  of  those  who 
pray  upon  this  pavement  "in  quo  ad  instru- 
mentum  fidei  illarum  divinarum  caracteres 
literarum  a  duobus  angulis  hujus  domus 
usque  in  alios  duos  depinximus  angulos.n 
It  is  to  be  concluded,  therefore,  that  at  an 
earlier  time  the  letters  were  those  of  the 
Hebrew  alphabet. 

Many  instances  of  the  alphabet  on  bells 
fonts,  paving-tiles,  &c.,  and  extracts  from 
ancient  writers  about  its  use  at  consecra 
tions,  are  to  be  found  at  3  S.  x.  351  (353  in  th 


General  Index  is  an  error),  425,  486  ;  xi. 
184,  449  ;  4  S.  i.  349  ;  6  S.  iv.  187  ;  7  S. 
i.  309,  411;  iii.  Ill;  x.  346;  xi.  134. 
Fo  these  I  can  add :  Archceologia,  xxv. 
243  ;  Reliquary,  1871,  xi.  129-32  ;  '  Hand- 
book to  the  York  Museum,'  1891,  p.  156  ;  and 
he  books  on  bells  by  Lukis  and  Raven. 
There  is  an  alphabet-tile  in  Holy  Trinity 
Church,  Hull.  A  testator  in  1431  bequeaths 
'  unum  collok  pece  argenti  cum  scriptura  in 
cooperculo  ^.  $.  C."  ('  Test.  Ebor.,'  ii.  15). 

Another  use  of   the  Greek  alphabet  was 
as  a  precept  in  gentility  :    "  that  an  angr^ 
man  should  not    set  hand  or  heart  to  an; 
thing  til  he  had  recited  the  Greek  alphabet 
or  by  that  time  the  heat  of  choller  woul 
be  alaide  »  (Kinge,    '  lonas,'   1597,  p.   541] 
'  This  was  Augustus  his  cure.     Prescril 
oy  the  philosopher  (Athenod.).     If  you 
angry,   say   over  the   alphabet   before   yoi 
speak  or  do  anything'4  (Brough,   '  Manu 
of    Devotions,'    1659,    p.    237  ;     Macleam 
1  Horace,'  1853,  p.  108  n.). 

The  Greeks  had  a  pastime  of  framing 
sentence  with  the  24  letters  of  the  alphabet 
ach  used  once  only  (Jebb,  '  Bentley,'  188 
p.  15).  W.  C.  B. 

Mgr.  L.  Duchesne  in  '  Origines  du  Cull 
chretien  *  refers  to  this  alphabet  ceremony 
(English      translation,       S.  P.  C.  K.,      190 
p.  417) :— 

"  Sig.  de  Rossi  points  out  interesting  relati< 
between  this  singular  rite  and  certain  Christian 
monuments  on  which  the  alphabet  appears 
bo  have  a  symbolical  signification.  He  has 
removed  all  doubt  as  to  the  idea  which  suggested 
bhe  ceremony.  It  corresponds  with  the  taking 
possession  of  land  and  the  laying  down  of  its 
boundaries.  The  saltire,  or  St.  Andrew's  cross 
(crux  decussata),  upon  which  the  bishop  traces 
the  letters  of  the  alphabet,  recalls  the  two  trans- 
verse lines  which  the  Roman  surveyors  traced  in 
the  first  instance  on  the  lands  they  wished  to 
measure.  The  letters  written  on  this  cross  are  a 
reminiscence  of  the  numerical  signs  which  were 
combined  with  the  transverse  lines  in  order  to, 
determine  the  perimeter. 

"  The  series  formed  by  these  letters  moreover, 
that  is,  the  entire  alphabet,  is  only  a  sort  of  ex- 
pansion of  the  mysterious  contraction  A  ft  ,  just 
as  the  decussis,  the  Greek  X,  is  the  initial  of  the 
name  of  Christ.  The  alphabet  traced  on  a  cross 
on  the  pavement  of  the  church  is  thus  equivalent 
to  the  impression  of  a  large  signum  Christi  on  the 
land  which  is  henceforward  dedicated  to  Christi~ 
worship." 

H.  PKIVETT. 

Crofton  Park,  S.E. 

As  to    "  the  ceremony  of   the  alphabet, 
see  letters  from  Sir  George  Birdwood 
Miss  Jane  Ellen  Harrison  in   The  Times 

5,   11,    15  July.  ROBEKT  PlEBPOINT. 


ii  B.  ii.  AUG.  6,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Ill 


«'  DENIZEN  "  :  "  FOREIGN  "  (11  S.  i.  506  ; 
ii.  71). — I  am  afraid  I  cannot  accept  the 
derivation  of  denizen  from  Provencal.  There 
is  no  trace  of  such  forms  as  desnisein  or 
desnisien  in  that  language,  nor  any  reason 
why  it  should  be  of  Southern  French  origin. 
And  the  sense  "to  turn  out  of  a  nest  n  is 
almost  diametrically  opposed  to  that  of 
"native,"  or  person  who  has  never  been 
turned  out  at  all.  "  Native  "  is  the  oldest 
sense  in  English.  On  the  other  hand, 
Godefroy  gives  deinzein  as  the  O.F.  equiva- 
lent of  the  Latin  indigena  in  Josh.  viii.  33 ; 
and  four  examples  of  denzein  or  denezyn. 
One  has  to  remember  that  the  z  is  here 
the  Norman  z,  pronounced  as  ts,  and  that  is 
why  the  derivation  is  from  the  O.F.  deinz, 
i.e.  Lat.  deint's,  for  deintus.  The  sense  is 
precisely  that  which  is  required,  viz.,  a 
person  who  comes  "  from*  within."  The 
word  was  fairly  common  in  Anglo-French  ; 
and  as  Sir  James  Murray  does  not  very  fully 
exemplify  this,  I  give  some  quotations  and 
references. 

In  the  first  place  it  occurs  as  denzeyns, 
in  the  plural,  in  the  *  Statutes  of  the  Realm,' 
vol.  i.  p.  137,  under  the  date  1300  (not  a 
time  for  Proven£al  influence  in  a  word  of  this 
character). 

"Auxi  bien  de   denzeins   come    de   foreyns."— 

*  Liber  Albus,'  p.  295. 

"  Auxibien    des  foreins  come   dez   deinzeins." — 

*  Liber  Albus,'  p.  367,  in  an  ordinance  of  Edw.  III. 

"  Auxi  bien  de  denzeins  come  de  foreios."-— 
4  Liber  Custumarum,'  p.  303, 14  Edw.  II. 

"Pur  garder  lassise  entre  les  denzeins."— Id., 
p.  305,  14  Edw.  II. 

"Auxi  bien  as  foreins  come  as  denzeyns." — Id.. 
p.  385, 14  Edw.  II. 

.  Npte  the  invariable  spelling  with  z,  a 
symbol  rarely  used.  And  we  must  really 
look  to  the  dates.  Thus,  our  "  citizen " 
occurs  in  1275,  in  the  '  Statutes  of  the 
Realm,'  vol.  i.  p.  34,  in  the  form  citein,  but 
as  citeseyn  in  the  same,  p.  381,  in  1363.  So 
that  we  know  for  certain  that  it  was  the 
word  "  citizen  "  that  was  modified  in  form 
rather  than  denizen.  We  meet  with  denzein 
already  in  1300  ;  but  the  verb  to  denize 
is  not  known  till  1577.  The  latter  derives 
its  i  from  the  form  denizen,  which  was  a 
mistaken  form  of  deinzen,  as  we  know 
from  the  more  original  form  denzein.  If 
denize  (why  with  z  ?)  had  been  derived  from 
Proven9al,  the  form  -would  have  been 
desnise,  as  the  prefix  des~  is  retained  in  such 
words  to  the  present  day.  And  if  it  had 
been  derived  from  O.F.  desnicker,  it  would 
have  been  deniche.  I  have  no  faith  at  all 
in  the  proposed  correction. 

WALTER  W.   SKEAT. 


JOHN  BROOKE,  FIFTEENTH-CENTURY  BAR- 
RISTER (US.  ii.  69). — John  Brooke  was  one 
of  the  Serjeants  called  to  the  coif  in  Novem- 
ber, 1510,  being  the  first  call  after  the 
accession  of  Henry  VIII.  The  list  of 
Serjeants-at-law  towards  the  close  of  the 
reign  of  Henry  VII.  and  the  early  years  of 
that  of  Henry  VIII.  is  somewhat  imperfect, 
so  that  it  is  possible  that  some  of  those 
included  in  the  call  of  1510  may  have  been 
originally  appointed  under  Henry  VII. 
John  Brooke  was  never  himself  a  judge,  but 
was  father  to  Sir  David  Brooke,  Serjeant- 
at-law  in  1547,  and  Chief  Baron  of  the 
Exchequer  from  1553  till  his  death  in 
1558. 

John  Brooke  was  chief  steward  of  Glaston- 
bury  Monastery,  resided  at  Canynge  House, 
Redclyffe,  Bristol,  and  married  Joan, 
daughter  and  heir  of  Richard  Amerike.  He 
di«d  25  December,  1522,  and  was  buried  at 
St.  Mary  Redclyffe.  It  is  not  stated  to  which 
Inn  of  Court  he  belonged,  but  as  it  was  to 
neither  Gray's  Inn  nor  Lincoln's  Inn,  nor, 
apparently,  to  the  Inner  Temple  (his  son 
David's  Inn),  it  is  all  but  certain  that  he 
would  be  identical  with  the  barrister  of  that 
name  who  was  a  Bencher  and  Treasurer  of 
the  Middle  Temple. 

Your  correspondent  in  making  this  John 
Brooke  a  judge  has,  I  think,  confused  him 
with  Richard  Brooke  of  the  Middle  Temple, 
who  was  called  to  the  coif  at  the  same  time 
as  his  namesake  John,  was  Recorder  of 
London  1510-20,  M.P.  for  London  1512 
and  1515,  Justice  of  the  Common  Pleas  1520, 
and  Chief  Baron  of  the  Exchequer  1526 
till  his  death  in  1529.  W.  D.  PINK. 

'REVERBERATIONS  '  :  WM.  DAVIES  (US. 
ii.  68). — William  Davies  of  Warrington, 
author  of  that  charming  book  '  The  Pil- 
grimage of  the  Tiber,4  was  an  old  friend  of 
mine.  I  do  not  know  any  facts  concerning 
his  intimacy  with  the  D.  G.  Rossetti  circle, 
but  he  probably  knew  one  member  of  it 
at  least,  viz.,  Stillman,  the  American,  who 
was  later  a  regular  Times  correspondent  in 
Italy  during,  and  alter,  my  seven  years  in 
Rome.  Davies's  fellow-townsman,  Wood 
the  sculptor  (called  Warrington  Wood,  to 
distinguish  him  from  Shakespeare  Wood, 
another  Times  correspondent  in  Italy),  was 
our  contemporary.  Elihu  Vedder(  illustrator 
of  Omar  Khayyam)  is  still  living  in  Rome,  I 
fancy  ;  he  was  Davies's  great  friend  in  the 
seventies,  and  I  now  and  then  met  the  latter 
at  Vedder's  table,  whereat  he  dined  regularly 
every  Sunday.  WILLIAM  MERCER. 

[Reply  from  MR.  R.  A.  POTTS  next  week.] 


112 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       en  s.  IL  AUG.  6, 1910. 


T.  L.  PEACOCK'S  PLAYS  (11  S.  ii.  27). — 
Two  plays  translated  by  Peacock  were 
published  in  one  volume  in  1862.  Their 
titles  were  *  Gl*  Ingannati l  (englished  as 
'  The  Deceived :  a  comedy  performed  at 
Siena  in  1531  *)  and  '  ^Elia  Laelia  Crispis.*  A 
notice  of  these  plays,  according  to  Allibone, 
appeared  in  The  Athenaeum,  1862,  ii.  305. 
Copies  of  the  volume  may  be  found  in  the 
Dyce  Collection  of  Books,  South  Kensington, 
and  in  the  Advocates*  Library,  Edinburgh. 

w.  s.  s. 

ST.  LEODEGABIUS  AND  THE'  ST.  LEGEK 
STAKES  (11  S.  ii.  66). — Except  indirectly  as  a 
patronymic  of  a  Norman  family,  the  saint 
has  nothing  to  do  with  horse -racing.  The 
St.  Leger  Stakes  were  founded  in  1776  by 
Anthony  St.  Leger,  a*  nephew  of  the  first 
Viscount  Doneraile ;  he  was  a  Major- 
General,  Colonel  of  the  86th  Foot,  M.P. 
for  Grimsby,  and  died  in  1786  s.p.  The 
St.  Leger  family  is  one  of  the  oldest  in  the 
kingdom,  a  Seynt  Leger  being  mentioned 
in  Brompton's  '  Chronicle  *  amongst  the 
Normans  who  came  over  with  the  Con- 
queror ;  in  fact,  it  is  traditionally  reported 
that  this  warrior  (i.e.  St.  Leger)  had  the 
distinguished  honour  of  helping  the  Con- 
queror out  of  the  boat  when  he  landed  in 
this  country.  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

The  famous  contest  at  Doncaster  was  not 
instituted  in  pious  memory  of  St.  Leode- 
garius,  but  was  named  after  Col.  St.  Leger. 
The  patronymic  is  no  doubt  due,  however 
indirectly,  to  the  popularity  of  the  martyr- 
bishop.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

Is  there  any  connexion  ?  The  race  takes 
its  name  from  Col.  St.  Leger.  See  a  state- 
ment at  2  S.  viii.  362  by  C.  J.,  i.e.,  Charles 
Jackson,  a  very  competent  Doncaster  anti- 
quary. W.  C.  B. 

[Ms,.  W.  B.  KINGSFOBD,  MR.  J.  HOLDEN  MAC- 
MICHAEL,  MB.  C.  SWYNNEBTON,  and  MB.  J.  B. 
WAINEWBIGHT  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

ST.  AGATHA  AT  WIMBOBNE  (US.  ii.  29). — 
Among  the  relics  formerly  preserved  in 
Wimborne  Church  was  part  of  the  thigh  of 
the  blessed  Virgin  Agatha,  who  is  apparently 
identical  with  St.  Agatha,  Virgin  and 
Martyr,  but  who  dwelt  in  the  city  of  Catania 
in  Sicily.  No  mention  is  made  in  Mrs. 
Jameson's  *  Sacred  and  Legendary  Art  *  of 
her  having  been  educated  at  Wimborne. 

J.  HOLDEN  MACMICHAEL. 

The  following  sentence,  quoted  from  '  The 
Catholic  Encyclopaedia,1  i.  204,  seems 


eminently  sensible  :  "If  there  is  a  kernel  of 
historical  truth  in  the  narrative  [relating  to 
St.  Agatha],  it  has  not  as  yet  been  possible 
to  sift  it  out  from  the  later  embellishments.'* 
It  may  also  be  pointed  out  that  some  five 
centuries  intervened  between  St.  Agatha 
and  St.  Lioba.  SCOTUS. 

PBOVINCIAL  BOOKSELLEBS  (11  S.  i.  303, 
363  ;  ii.  52). — MB.  WELFOBD  and  others  have 
shown  that  my  lists  "  are  very  incomplete.11 
Let  me  say  again  that  they  are  the.  result 
of  no  research,  but  only  a  by-product  of  work 
which  was  directed  to  another  object.  Never- 
theless, they  make  a  good  beginning  towards 
exhibiting  the  condition  of  provincial  book- 
selling as  distinct  from  printing. 

It  was  impossible  for  me  to  make  notes  of 
the  vast  number  of  title-pages,  but  for- 
tunately, I  can  serve  MB.  RHODES.  I  have 
a  copy  of 

"  Divine  Emblems  :  or,  Natural  Things  Spirit- 
ualized   By  a  Spectator. . . .  London  :  Printed 

for  and  sold  by  George  Keith,  Gracechurch- 
Street. .  .  .Thomas  Cole,  Greenwich  ;  and 
Nathaniel  Whitefield,  King's  Stairs,  Rotherhithe. 
M,DCC,LXX." 

It  is  an  8vo  of  19  leaves,  and  relates  to 
Flamborough  Head  in  1766.  The  author's 
initials  are  J.  P.  W.  C.  B. 

MOCK  COATS  OF  ABMS  (11  S.  i.  146,  313, 
497  ;  ii.  59). — In  the  early  volumes  of  Punch 
there  are  some  pictorial  *  Mock  Coats  of 
Arms,'  and  descriptions  of  others.  In  1848 
(vol.  xiv.  p.  57)  Douglas  Jerrold  contributed 
the  following  : — 

The  Arms  of  the  See  of  Manchester. — The 
College  of  Arms  has  done  the  handsome  thing  by 
the  new  Bishop  of  Manchester,  and  has  fitted  him 
up  with  a  very  significant  article.  As  the  arms 
have  been  altogether  falsely  described  by  our 
contemporaries,  we  are  the  more  earnest  that 
the  error  should  be  corrected.  The  Arms  may 
be  thus  technically  described  :  '  Or,  on  a  pale  of 
spikes  '  (to  show  how  difficult  it  sometimes  may 
be  to  climb  into  a  bishopric),  '  three  mitres  of 
Brummagen  proper '  (showing  that  episcopacy 
is  altogether  above  gold) ;  '  a  cotton  pod  '  (to 
mark  humility  ;  for,  whereas  all  other  Bishops 
wear  lawn  sleeves,  the  Bishop  of  Manchester  will 
always  appear  in  calico)  ;  and  '  a  square  shield, 
charged  with  a  factory  chimney  proper,  with  this 
motto — Ex  fumo  dare  gingham." 

WALTEB  JEBBOLD. 

Hampton-on-Thames. 

'The  Comic  History  of  Heraldry,1  by 
R.  N.  Edgar,  gives  many  examples  of  ficti- 
tious armorial  bearings,  illustrated  by 
William  Vine,  and  published  by  Tegg  in 
1878.  J.  BAGNALL. 


n  s.  ii.  AUG.  6,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


113 


"  HANDYMAN  n  =  SAILOR  (11  S.  i.  448, 
498). — May  I  add  a  sentence  or  two  to  the 
replies  already  given  ?  There  can  be  no 
doubt,  as  has  been  clearly  shown,  that  the 
word  "  handyman,"  meaning  sailor,  was  in 
use  long  anterior  to  the  siege  of  Ladysmith. 
Like  MB.  BURNETT  in  his  query,  however, 
I  am  inclined  to  believe  that  the  events  of  the 
siege  gave  to  the  name  its  abiding  popu- 
larity. My  recollection  is  that  among 
numerous  telegrams  thanking  the  Naval 
Brigade  for  their  skill  and  bravery  at  Lady- 
smith  in  1899,  there  was  one  from  Queen 
Alexandra,  then  Princess  of  Wales,  in 
which  the  term  "  handyman "  occurred. 
Proceeding  from  so  exalted  a  source,  the 
name  became  fixed  in  popular  esteem. 

w.  s.  s. 

In  a  letter  from  the  Crimea,  describing  the 
fall  of  Sebastopol,  Gordon  wrote  :  "  Most  of 
their  artillerymen,  being  sailors,  were 
necessarily  handy  men,  and  had  devised 
several  ingenious  modes  of  riveting.'1  See 
4  Life  of  Gordon  *  by  Demetrius  C.  Boulger, 
chap.  ii. 

There  was  a  song  at  the  time  of  the  South 
African  War  with  the  following  chorus  : — 
O  Jack,  you  are  a  handyman  ; 
Whether  in  love  or  in  war. 
Whether  on  land  or  on  shore, 

You  're  all  right, 
Beat  you  no  one  can. 
That 's  why  they  call  you 
Jack  the  handyman. 

G.  H.  W. 

FOLLY  (11  S.  ii.  29,  78).— The  sham  castles 
of  the  eighteenth  century  are  known  by  this 
name.  In  two  cases  within  my  memory  they 
have  become  dwelling-houses.  At  Park  End, 
Gloucestershire,  however,  "  The  Folly  "  is  a 
tract  of  oak  forest.  D. 

At  Kildwick  Hall,  a  few  miles  south  of 
Skipton,  West  Riding  of  Yorks,  a  small 
wood  in  a  narrow  valley,  with  a  very  small 
stream  running  through  it,  has  always  been 
called  "  The  Folly."  J.  A.  GREENWOOD. 

In  the  'N.E.D.,1  v.  Folly,  sense  5,  there 
are  some  remarks  which  are  worth  consider- 
ing. Reference  having  been  made  to 
Hubert's  Folly  (Stultitia  Huberti),  the  note 
concludes  thus  : — 

"  Probably  the  word  used  by  Hubert  was  F.  folie; 
;he •original  meaning  seems  to  have  been  not 
stulhtia,  but  'delight,'  'favourite  abode.'  Many 
houses  in  France  still  bear  the  name  La  Folie,  and 
there  is  some  evidence  that '  the  Folly '  was  as  late 

\  the  present  century  [the  nineteenth]  used  in  some 

th  rk  "  for  a  public  Pleasure-garden  °r 


Pepys  on  15  April,  1668,  went  to  the 
"Folly,"  a  house  of  entertainment  on  the 
Thames. 

Some  reader  may  yet  explain  the  origin 
of  the  following  place-names  : — 

Follifoot  or  Follyfoot,  Folly  Hall,  Folly 
Gill,  all  in  the  West  Riding  of  Yorkshire. 

Folly  Bridge,  Oxford.  Surely  this  bridge 
was  never  reputed  to  be  a  costly  structure  on 
an  ill-chosen  site.  And  it  has  no  leafy 
lanes. 

Folly,  Old  and  New.  Two  hamlets  in 
Warwickshire. 

Folly  Island  (Channel),  Charleston,  U.S. 

Folly  Lake,  Nova  Scotia. 

Folly  Mountain,  Nova  Scotia. 

Folly  Mills,  Va.,  U.S.  TOM  JONES. 

THUNDERING  DAWN  IN  KIPLING  AND 
FRANCIS  THOMPSON  (II  S.  i.  467). — May  one 
not  suppose  that  both  poets  are  referring  to 
the  old  classical  fable  of  the  chariot  and 
horses  of  the  sun  ?  They  are  drawing  their 
imagery  from  a  common  source.  It  is  un- 
necessary to  imagine  any  oblivious  "  taking 
over u  by  the  one  from  the  other.  In 
harmony  with  the  legend,  one  naturally 
expects  to  hear  the  sound  of  hoof-beats 
before  the  chariot  actually  appears,  which, 
being  interpreted,  may  perhaps  mean  that 
as  day  breaks  and  the  shadows  of  darkness 
flee  away,  the  world  bestirs  itself  and  begins 
to  prepare  for  strenuous  toil.  The  clanging 
or  thundering  sound  may  be  taken  to  refer 
to  the  awakening  of  nature  to  noisy  activity 
after  the  hush  and  stillness  of  the  night. 

W.  S.  S. 

The  idea  that  the  sun's  movements  are 
accompanied  by  a  shock  or  sound  is  not 
peculiar  to  any  one  country.  According  to 
Tacitus,  the  Germans  believed  that  the  sun 
made  sounds  in  setting.  The  Pythagorean 
idea  of  the  "  music  of  the  spheres  "  seems 
also  to  come  under  this  heading.  Goethe 
refers  to  solar  music  twice  in  his  '  Faust  *  :  in 
the  '  Prolog  im  Himmel  *  and  in  the  first 
scene  of  Act  I.  of  the  Second  Part. 

WM.  GEO.  SULLIVAN. 

Indianapolis. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  LONDON  (11  S.  i.  407, 
495  ;  ii.  53). — I  have  never  seen  the  biblio- 
graphy of  London  issued  by  the  British 
Museum  authorities.  It  forms  part  of  the 
General  Catalogue  of  the  Library,  but  was 
also  issued  separately.  See  Sonnenschein's 
'  The  Best  Books,'  2nd  ed.,  1891,  p.  703. 

A  bibliography  of  London  might  be  com- 
piled in  either  of  two  ways.  In  my  reply 
at  the  second  reference  I  followed  what  may 


114 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  e,  1910. 


be  called  the  topographical  method,  including 
only  such  publications,  or  parts  of  publica- 
tions, as  dealt  with  London  exclusively.  The 
other  and  more  complete  method,  appa- 
rently approved  by  MR.  ABRAHAMS,  would 
include  every  book,  pamphlet,  or  single  sheet 
published,  printed,  or  written  in  London, 
no  matter  what  its  theme — everything,  in 
short,  that  bore  the  word  "  London  "  any- 
where on  its  title-page-^-from  the  days  of 
Oaxton  down  to  the  present  hour.  This 
wider  bibliographical  outlook  is,  I  think, 
quite  legitimate,  and  would  cover  what 
might  be  considered  a  complete  bibliography 
of  London,  comprising  not  only  every  book 
dealing  with  the  capital,  but  every  species 
of  printed  matter,  historical,  topographical, 
antiquarian,  theological,  scientific,  and  artist- 
tic,  published,  printed,  or  written  within  its 
bounds.  In  my 'own  case,  in  attempting  the 
compilation  of  a  bibliography  of  a  Scottish 
county  according  to  this  wider  method,  I 
found  that  a  very  large  section  of  Scottish 
literature  was  embraced  within  the  scope  of 
the  work.  On  the  same  plan,  which  I 
believe  with  Mr.  ABRAHAMS  to  be  the  right 
one,  the  vast  majority  of  English  printed 
books,  metropolitan  and  provincial,  as  well 
as  a  huge  mass  of  foreign  literature,  would 
fall  to  be  included  in  a  bibliography  of 
London.  To  this  wider  plan,  however,  the 
objection  is  that  human  life  is  too  short 
for  any  single  person  to  achieve  a  task  so 
stupendous.  W.  S.  S. 

WINDSOR  STATIONMASTER  (11  S.  ii.  68). — 
Perhaps  L.  L.  K.  is  thinking  of  a  man  who 
wrote  his  experiences  under  the  pseudonym  of 
"  Ernest  Struggles."  I  remember  the  book, 
and  how,  when  going  to  visit  one  of  the 
servants  at  Windsor  Castle,  he  took  a  wrong 
turn,  and  found  himself  in  Queen  Victoria's 
•dining-room.  The  preface  was  dated  from 
€aversham.  I  forget  the  precise  title  of  the 
book.  GREAT  WESTERN. 

The  book  referred  to  by  L.  L.  K.  is,  I 
think,  '  Life  of  a  Stationmaster,'  by  Ernest 
Struggles,  published  in  1879.  A  second 
part,  entitled  '  Ernest  Struggles, *  was,  I 
believe,  published  in  1880.  It  is  many  years 
since  I  saw  the  books,  and  I  forget  the  real 
name  of  the  writer,  but  recollect  that  the 
G.  W.  R.  felt  displeasure  at  their  publication. 
ROLAND  AUSTIN. 

Gloucester  Public  Library. 

EGERTON  LEIGH  (11  S.  ii.  68). — Egerton 
Leigh  of  West  Hall  was  eldest  son  of  the 
Rev.  Peter  Leigh,  Rector  of  Lymme,  and 


Mary,  daughter  and  heir  of  Henry  Doughty  of 
Broadwell,  Glos.,  and  grandson  of  the  Rev. 
Egerton  Leigh  of  West  Hall,  Archdeacon  of 
Salop.  The  Rev.  Peter  Leigh  died  two  years 
before  his  father. 

Egerton  Leigh,  Esq.,  baptized  at  Lymme, 
married  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  coheiress  of 
Francis  Jodrell  of  Yeardsley  and  Twemlow, 
on  21  September,  1778.  He  died  22  June, 
1833.  See  '  Landed  Gentry,'  1853. 

A.  H.  ARKLE. 

Elmhurst,  Oxton,  Birkenhead. 

THOMSON,  R.A.  (11  S.  ii.  69). — MR. 
STILWELL  will  find  a  brief  account  of  Henry 
Thomson,  R.A.,  in  Bryan's  '  Dictionary.7 
He  was  born  in  1773,  was  a  pupil  of  John 
Opie,  and  died  in  1843.  A  much  fuller 
notice  of  him  will  perhaps  be  found  in  The 
Art  Union  of  the  period.  He  exhibited  at 
the  Royal  Academy  from  1792  to  1826, 
chiefly  historical  and  poetical  subjects  ;  he 
occasionally  sent  a  portrait — his  earliest  was 
one  of  Home  Tooke — and  portrait  groups, 
but  one  of  the  Sykes  family  does  not  appear 
to  be  among  them.  He  was  a  good  deal 
patronized  by  Sir  John  Leicester  (Lord  De 
Tabley),  and  was  a  frequent  visitor  at  Sir 
John's  country  seat,  Tabley  Hall,  where 
there  are  still  several  of  his  works. 

W.  ROBERTS. 

18,  King's  Avenue,  Clapham  Park,  S.W. 

This  must  be  Henry  Thomson,  who  was 
born  at  Port  sea  31  July,  1773,  and  died 
there  6  April,  1843.  He  was  elected  an 
Associate  1801,  and  R.A.  1804,  and  was 
Keeper  1825-7.  See  Hodgson  and  Eaton's 

*  Royal  Academy  and  its  Members  '  (1905), 
pp.  238-9  ;    Bryan's  '  Diet,  of  Painters  and 
Engravers  l   (1905),  v.  174  ;  and  the  '  Diet,  of 
Nat.   Biog.,'   Ivi.    244.     The   last   authority 
gives   1802  as  the  year  in  which  Thomson 
became  an  R.A.,  but  Hodgson  and  Eaton, 
who  are  more  likely  to  be  correct  on  this 
point,  say  1804.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

See  Sandby's  '  History  of  the  Royal 
Academy  of  Arts,1  vol.  i.  pp.  326-7  (Long- 
mans, 1862).  W.  H.  PEET. 

JOHN  WILKES  (11  S.  ii.  27). — MB.  BLEACK- 
LEY  is  probably  acquainted  with  the  MS. 

*  Autobiography  *  of  John  Wilkes  in  2  vols. 
preserved  in  the  British  Museum.     It  is  not 
strictly  an  unpublished  MS.,  as  a  privately 
printed  edition  was  issued  in  1888,  with  the 
title  '  John  Wilkes,  Patriot  :    an  Unfinished 
Autobiography2  (Harrow,  William  F.  Tay- 
lor),   sq.    24mo,    pp.    xxiv.    and    70,    price 
10s.  6d.     See  Mr.  Bertram  Dobell's  '  Cata- 


n  s.  ii.  AUG.  6,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


115 


logue  of  Books  printed  for  Private  Circula- 
tion J  (London,  1906),  p.  193.  Mr.  Dobell 
calls  it  "  a  curious  production,"  and  regrets 
that  Wilkes  did  not  proceed  further  in  his 
design.  W.  S.  S. 

DOOR-KNOCKER  ETIQUETTE  (11  S.  i.  487  ; 
ii.  17).  —  In  continuation  of  my  reply,  I 
have  found  the  following  reference  in  '  The 
Servants'  Guide  and  Family  Manual,  with 
new  and  improved  Receipts,  arranged  and 
adapted  to  the  Duties  of  all  Classes  of 
Servants  '-  (London,  printed  for  John  Lim 
bird,  143,  Strand,  1830),  p.  253  :  — 

"  Unnecessarily  loud  knocking  at  a  street-door  is 
thought  by  some  to  give  an  air  of  style  and  conse- 
quence to  an  arrival  ;  but  the  practice  has  been  so 
often  complained  of,  and  carried  to  such  extent,  that 
the  custom  is  somewhat  abated." 


Kew  Green. 


FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 


ELIZABETHAN  LICENCE  TO  EAT  FLESH 
(11  S.  ii.  68).— The  5  Elizabeth,  chap.  v. 
section  37,  is  as  follows  : — 

"And  also  such  persons  as  have,  or  hereafter 
-shall  have,  upon  good  and  just  consideration,  any 
lawful  licence  to  eat  flesh  upon  any  fish  day  (except 
such  persons  as  for  sickness  shall  for  the  time  be 
licensed  by  the  bishop  of  the  diocese,  or  by  their 
curates,  or  shall  be  licensed  by  reason  of  age,  or 
other  impediment,  allowed  heretofore  by  the  eccle- 
siastical laws  of  this  realm),  shall  be  bound,  by 
force  of  this  statute,  to  have  for  every  one  dish  of 
flesh  served  to  be  eaten  at  their  table,  one  usual 
dish  of  sea  fish,  fresh  or  salt,  to  be  likewise  served 
at  the  same  table,  and  to  be  eaten  or  spent  without 
iraud  or  covin,  as  the  like  kind  is  or  shall  be  usually 
eaten  or  spent  on  Saturdays." 

W.  McB.  and  F.  MARCHAM. 

The  statute  asked  for  is  5  Eliz.  c.  5,  "An 
Act  touching  Politick  Constitutions  for  the 
Maintenance  of  the  Navy."  Sections  14  to 
3  and  35  to  39  deal  with  "fish  days'' 
and  their  observance,  together  with  penalties 
and  licences.  Section  39  declares  that  the 
statute 

"is  purposely  intended  and  meant  politically  for 
the  Increase  of  Fishermen  and  Mariners,  and 
Repairing  ot  Port  Towns  and  Navigation,  and  not 
onSelts  »perstition  to  be  maintained  in  the  Choice 
JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

-  In  ,?ibs°n's  '  Codex>?  1761  edition,  pp.  255- 
A  T  I  -£,.°Und  the  essential  portions  of  the 
Acts  5  Eliz.,  cap.  5,  27  Eliz.,  cap.  11,  and 
T?  cap.  7,  which  refer  to  the  eating  of 
ish.  By  the  first  of  these  Acts  Wednesdav 
was  made  a  fish  day  in  the  same  way  as 
Saturday  In  the  case  of  a  person  in  ill- 
health  the  bishop  or  the  parish  parson 
could  grant  a  licence,  which  was  toTe  °n 


writing,  and  was  not  to  endure  longer  than 
the  time  of  the  sickness  ;  and  if  the  sickness 
continued  above  the  space  of  eight  days  after 
the  granting  of  the  licence,  then  the  licence 
was  to  be  registered  in  the  church  book, 
with  the  knowledge  of  one  of  the  church- 
wardens. The  other  particulars  of  the  Act 
are  too  long  to  quote.  DIEGO. 

A.  L.  F.  may  be  interested  in  the  following 
extract  from  the  parish  registers  of  Mack- 
worth,  co.  Derby  : — 

"  Whereas  the  right  worple  Francis  Munday  of 
Markeaton  in  the  parish  of  Mach  worth  and  countie 
of  Derbie,  Esq.,  for  the  avoiding  of  the  penalties 
and  dangers  of  the  laws  and  statutes  made  for 
restrainte  of  eating  flesh  in  Lent,  and  in  considera- 
tion that  he  hath  in  his  house  at  diett  or  table  the 
right  worple  Mrs.  Dorothy  Poole,  gentlewoman, 
about  the  age  of  three-score  years,  who  is  very  weak 
and  sickly,  not  able  to  go  or  stand  without  help, 
hath  desired  me  to  grant  license  to  and  for  the  said 
Dorothy  Poole  to  eat  flesh  for  and  during  the  time 
of  her  sickness,  which  I  have  thought  fitting,  and 
in  regard  I  know  the  considerations  aforesaid  to  be 
most  true,  I  do  hereby  grant  license  unto  the  said 
Dorothy  Poole  to  eat  flesh  for  and  during  the  time 
of  her  sickness  according  to  the  laws  and  statutes 
of  this  realm  in  that  case  made  and  provided,  and 
hereunto  I  have  putt  my  hand  the  ninth  day  of 
February  in  the  reign  of  King  James  of  England  the 
sixteenth  and  of  Scotland  the  fifty-second,  A.D. 
1618-  Byrne, 

Edward  Hincheliffe,  clerk." 

P.  D.  MUNDY. 

'  SHAVING  THEM,'  BY  TITUS  A.  BRICK 
(11  S.  ii.  27). — A  later  edition  or  reprint  of 
*  Shaving  Them,'-  undated,  but  about  1875, 
was  issued  by  Messrs.  Ward,  Lock  &  Tyler, 
Warwick  House,  Paternoster  Row.  It  was  in 
illustrated  wrappers,  and  contained  a  frontis- 
piece and  230  pp.  Titus  A.  Brick,  evidently 
a  pseudonym,  is  mentioned  in  a  list  of  Ward, 
Lock  &  Tyler's  publications  as  being  also  the 
author  of  '  Awful  Crammers.'- 

I  recollect  reading  in  some  literary  journal 
about  twenty  years  ago  an  account  of  the 
origin  of  '  Shaving  Them.1  This  stated  that 
the  three  adventurers  were  Londoners,  and 
not  citizens  of  the  great  Republic.  So  far 
as  recollection  serves,  John  Camden  Hotten 
and  S.  O.  Beeton  were  mentioned  as  having 
something  to  do  with  the  writing  of  the  book. 

W.  SCOTT. 

ELEPHANT  AND  CASTLE  IN  HERALDRY 
(11  S.  i.  508  ;  ii.  36).— Miss  Emma  Phipson 
n  her  '  Choir  Stalls  and  their  Carvings  * 
1896),  p.  36,  says  of  the  stalls  formerly  be- 
onging  to  the  chapel  of  the  Royal  Hospital 
of  St.  Katherine  by  the  Tower,  mentioned 
by  MR.  MACMICHAEL  and  myself  in  our 


116 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  A™,  e,  mo. 


replies,  that  "they  were  begun  by  William 
de  Enderby,  Master  in  1340,  and  completed 
by  John  de  Hemensthorpe  in  1369.  Queen 
Philippa,  wife  to  Edward  III.,  was  a  great 
patroness  of  the  church.'* 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

"  THE  HOLY  CROWS,?S  LISBON  (US.  ii.  67). 
— Beckford's  statements,  where  capable  of 
being  tested,  are  found  to  be  wholly  in- 
accurate. 

St.  Vincent  was  not  "  martyrized  near  the 
Cape  which  bears  his  name,"  but  at  Valentia. 

His  mangled  body  was  not,  though  the 
major  portion  of  his  relics  were,  "  conveyed 
to  Lisbon  in  a  boat,  attended  by  crows." 
This  was  in  1139,  and -St.  Vincent  suffered 
in  304.  It  is  therefore  impossible  that 
"these  disinterested  birds. ..  .pursued  his 
murderers  with  dreadful  screams  and  tore 
their  eyes  out.'' 

The  probability  is  that  Beckford's  com- 
mand of  Portuguese  was  insufficient  to 
enable  him  to  follow  what  the  sacristan  told 
him. 

The  two  crows  kept  near  the  Cathedral 
of  Lisbon  in  1787  have  a  parallel  in  the 
bears  kept  at  Bern  at  the  present  day. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWBIGHT. 

.The 'descendants  of  "The  Holy  Crows'' 
are  still  kept  in  the  cloisters  of  the  Cathedral 
at  Lisbon,  and  I  saw  them  there  when  visiting 
the  Cathedral  in  March  last.  The  legend, 
as  told  to  us,  is  that  St.  Vincent  was  first 
buried  at  the  cape  which  bears  his  name, 
where  the  crows  watched  continually  over 
his  grave.  When  his  bones  were  removed 
.to  the  Cathedral  at  Lisbon,  the  crows  are 
said  to  have  followed  them. 

H.  J.  B.  CLEMENTS. 
Killadoon  Celbridere. 

Two  crows  are  still  maintained  in  honour- 
able, if  not  happy  captivity  in  a  court  con- 
nected with  Lisbon  Cathedral.  On  the 
walls  of  the  church  the  attentions  paid 
to  St.  Vincent  by  them  or  their  progenitors 
are  attractively  commemorated  in  blue  and 
white  tiles. 

Geese  are  kept  in  the  cloisters  of  Barcelona 
Cathedral.  Augustus  Hare  says  this  has 
been  done 

"  from  time  immemorial  to  guard  the  treasures  of 
the  cathedral,  according  to  the  old  Catalonian 
custom  which  makes  the  geese  serve,  and  more 
efficaciously  too,  the  place  of  watchdogs  at  the 
country  houses."—'  Wanderings  in  Spain,'  p.  41. 

Everybody  remembers  the  valuable  help 
rendered  by  the  geese  of  the  Capitol. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 


'JANE  SHORE  ?  (US.  ii.  66).— There  is  a 
copy  of  this  book  here,  undated,  but  seem- 
ingly published  within  the  last  twenty  years. 
The  publishers  are  W.  Nicholson  &  Sons 
of  26,  Paternoster  Square,  E.G.,  and  also  of 
the  Albion  Works,  Wakefield,  and  the  book 
with  others  is  stated  to  be  "  printed  by 
special  arrangement  with  the  authoress, 
Mrs.  Bennett."  The  title-page  describes 
the  book  (382  pp.)  as  follows  : — 

Jane  Shore ;  or,  the  Goldsmith's  Wife,  an  His- 
torical Tale.  By  Mrs.  Bennett,  author  of  '  The 
Cottage  Girl,'  '  The  Jew's  Daughter,'  &c. 

At  the  end  of  the  book  is  the  following, 
advertisement : — 

NEW  Two  SHILLINGS  SERIES  (CONTINUED). 
Mrs.  Bennett's  Works.  2s.  each.  Complete  Editions. 
Jane  Shore  ;  or,  the  Goldsmith's  Wife. 
The  Cottage  Girl ;  or,  the  Marriage  Day. 
The  Jew's  Daughter ;  or,  the  Witch  of  the  Water- 
Side. 

The  Broken  Heart ;  or,  the  Village  Bridal. 
The  Gipsy  Bride;  or,  the  Miser's  Daughter. 
The  Gipsy  Queen  ;  or,  the  Maori's  Daughter. 
The  Canadian  Girl ;  or,  the  Pirate  of  the  Lakes. 

I     have     no      further     information,     buk 

no  doubt  Mr.  H.  T.  FOLKARD,  if  he  wrote  to 

Messrs.  W.  Nicholson  &  Sons,  could  obtain 

other  details  if  that  firm  is  still  in  business.  • 

RONALD    DIXON. 

46,  Maryborough  Avenue,  Hull. 

ROYAL  TOMBS  AT  ST.  DENIS  (US.  ii.  65).— 
MB.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS  may  be  interested  to 
know  that  in  1681  M.  Combes  wrote  a  little 
handbook  which  was  translated  into  English, 
and  published  in  1684,  with  the  following 
title-page  : — 

"  An  Historical  Explanation  I  of  |  What  there  is 
most  remarkable  in  that  |  Wonder  of  the  World,  | 
The  French  King's  |  Royal  House  |  at  |  Versailles, 
|  And  in  that  of  Monsieur,  at  |  St.  Cloud.  |  Written, 
in  the  French  Tongue  by  the  Sieur  Combes,  |  And 
now  faithfully  done  into  English.  I  Together  with  | 
A  Compendious  Inventory  |  of  the  |  Treasury  of 
S.  Denis.  |  London  :  |  Printed  for  Matthew  Turner,, 
near  Turn-  |  stile  in  Holborri.  1684."  12mo,  pp.  xxiv, 
140,  and  leaf  with  list  of  books  published  by 
M.  Turner. 

This  little  guide,  a  copy  of  which  is  in  my 
possession,  gives  a  very  interesting  account 
of  all  the  marvellous  relics  John  Evelyn 
enumerates,  and  -of  the  various  presses  in 
which  they  are  contained.  The  "  Gundola 
of  Chrysolite"  is  here  described  as  "A 
Vessel  inclining  to  the  fashion  of  a  great 
Drinking-cup,  made  of  a  Chrysolite,  and 
enchast  in  Gold  by  St.  Eloy.  Given  by  tl 
same  Abbot  Suger."  Solomon's  cup  is  al 
there,  as  well  as  another  used  in  the  Temple 
The  little  book  is  quite  entertaining,  and 
dedicated  "  To  Madam  the  Dolphiness.n 
JOHN  HODGKIN. 


ii  s.  IL  AUG.  6,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


117 


ROYAL  MANNERS  TEMP.  WILLIAM  IV. 
(11  S.  i.  85). — These  are  further  illustrated  in 
the  case  of  Prince  Ernest  Augustus,  son  of 
George  III.,  Duke  of  Cumberland,  after- 
wards king  of  Hanover,  as  amusingly 
recorded  by  the  Rev.  C.  A.  Wilkinson, 
domestic  resident  chaplain  to  King  Ernest 
at  Hanover.  The  King  of  Hanover  was  a 
younger  brother  of  William  IV.,  who  used 
to  say  of  him  :  ' '  Ernest  is  not  a  bad  fellow, 
but  if  any  one  has  a  corn,  he  is  sure  to  tread 
on  it." 

See  '  Reminiscences  of  the  Court  and 
Times  of  King  Ernest  of  Hanover,'  1886, 
vol.  i.  pp.  16,  18,  123,  128,  134,  145,  149. 

L.  M.  R. 

D'EBESBY  OB  DE  EBESBY  ?  (11  S.  i.  469.)— 
It  might  be  thought  at  first  sight  that  less  of 
learning  than  of  ordinary  intelligence  was 
required  to  pronounce  "  D'Eresby,n  not 
*'  De  Eresby,"  the  correct  form  of  the  title. 
The  leading  newspapers,  however,  and  most, 
it  not  all,  peerage  and  genealogical  writers 
agree  in  writing  "  De  Eresby. "  The  ex- 
planation, I  fancy,  is  that  De  Eresby  is  not 
a  surname,  but  a  territorial  designation.  It 
refers  to  the  barony  of  Eresby,  bestowed 
upon  Walter  de  Bee  by  William  the  Con- 
queror, and  acquired  in  marriage  by  the 
Willoughby  family  in  the  reign  of  Henry  III. 
Presumably  the  rule  permitting  the  elision  of 
a  vowel  when  two  came  together  does  not 
apply  in  the  case  of  titles.  Hence  we  have 
"  Lord  Willoughby  de  Eresby."-  SCOTUS. 

PBINTEBS  OF  THE  STATUTES  IN  THE 
SIXTEENTH  CENTUBY  :  SOUTH  TAWTON, 
DEVON  (11  S.  i.  106,  238). — I  was  interested 
in  learning  of  the  grant  to  Nicholas  Yet- 
sweirt  in  1577  of  a  monopoly  for  printing 
the  common  law  books  ;  and  I  think  that 
the  contributors  on  this  subject  may  be 
equally  interested  in  the  fact  that  on  the 
Patent  Roll  of  9  Eliz.,  1566-7  (pt.  5,  m.  3), 
there  is  recorded  a  grant  to  one  Nicholas 
Yetswirt  (not  improbably  the  same  man) 
and  to  Bartholomew  Brokesby  of  a  number 
of  rents  in  Devon,  Somerset,  and  other 
•counties,  mostly  arising  from  ancient 
bequests,  chantries,  and  gilds,  which  by  the 
Act  of  1547  were  vested  in  the  Crown. 
These  included  a  tenement  in  the  parish  of 
South  Tawton,  Devon,  which  in  1530  had 
been  given  by  John  Frende  of  South  Tawton, 
weaver,  towards  the  maintenance  of  a  priest 
for  the  Brotherhood  of  the  Store  of  Jesus 
in  the  parish  church,  as  appears  from 
collation  of  this  roll  with  another  Record 
Office  document  (Court  of  Augmentations, 


Misc.  Book,  vol.  cxxiii.  pp.  245-6)  and  with 
an  entry  of  1535-6  in  the  old  churchwardens' 
accounts  of  South  Tawton  (fol.  9 ID). 

The  surname  Yetsweirt  has  a  Dutch 
sound,  and  at  the  same  time  it  is  curiously 
like  that  of  "  De  Yadeworth,n  which  I  find 
in  lists  of  residents  of  South  Tawton  on  the 
Lay  Subsidy  Rolls  of  1337  and  "  1340  ?" 

I  should  be  glad  if  the  descent  of  Frende' s 
little  property  could  be  traced. 

ETHEL  LEGA-WEEKES. 

SIB  HENBY  DUDLEY  (NOT  AUDLEY) 
(11  S.  i.  87,  171).— The  question  asked  by 
MB.  EGEBTON  GABDINEB  and  the  answers 
to  it  illustrate  the  many  pitfalls  into  which 
writers  on  genealogical  subjects  are  apt  to 
fall.  "  Sir  Henry  Audley,n  as  pointed  out 
by  MB.  A.  R.  BAYLEY,  should  be  Henry 
Dudley — whether  ' '  Sir  "  Henry  Dudley 
or  not  is  questionable.  At  any  rate,  this 
Henry  Dudley  is  not  to  be  confounded  with 
Sir  Henry  Dudley  the  conspirator,  about 
whom  two  other  correspondents  write  at 
the  second  reference,  and  who,  according 
to  the  '  Dictionary  of  National  Biography,' 
was  "  apparently  "•  third  son  of  John  Sutton 
de  Dudley,  seventh  Baron  Dudley. 

The  Henry  Dudley  asked  about  appears 
to  have  been  a  son  of  John  Dudley,  Viscount 
Lisle,  Earl  of  Warwick,  and  Duke  of  North- 
umberland, and  grandson  of  the  infamous 
Edmund  Dudley,  one  of  the  "  horse-leeches  " 
of  King  Henry  VII.  Apparently  the 
'  D.N.B.'  is  wrong  in  giving  the  Duke  of 
Northumberland  only  five  sons  and  two 
daughters.  According  to  Burke,  *  Dormant 
Peerages,'  1866,  p.  180,  he  had  by  his  wife 
Jane,  daughter  of  Sir  Edward  Guilford  (sic), 
Kt.,  seven  sons  and  two  daughters,  viz.  : — 

1.  Henry,    who    died    at    the    siege    of 
Boulogne. 

2.  John,  Earl  of  Warwick,  who  d.v.p.  s.p. 

3.  Ambrose,  created  Earl  of  Warwick. 

4.  Lord  Guilford  (sic),  who  married  Lady 
Jane  Grey. 

5.  Robert,  K.G.,  created  Baron  of  Den- 
bigh and  Earl  of  Leicester. 

6.  Henry,  slain  at  St.  Quintin  (sic). 

7.  Charles,  who  died  young. 

1.  Mary,  who  married  Sir  Henry  Sidney, 
K.G. 

2.  Catherine,     who     married     Sir    Henry 
Hastings,  Earl  of  Huntingdon. 

The  '  D.N.B.'  agrees  with  Burke  in  making 
Lord  Guildford  the  fourth  son  ;  but,  by  a 
curious,  though  evident  double  error,  it  also 
designates  Ambrose  and  Lord  Henry  (who 
died  at  St.  Quintin)  each  as  the  fourth  son 


118 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         tii  s.  n.  A™,  e,  1910. 


of  John,  Duke  of  Northumberland.  Two 
of  the  sons  were  evidently  lost  sight  of 
owing  to  their  early  deaths.  Were  there 
yet  other  children  ?  MB.  EGERTON  GAR- 
DINER in  his  query  says  that  John  had 
thirteen  children,  of  whom  two  were  named 
Henry  (this  agrees  with  Burke,  u.s.)  and  two 
Katherine.  What  is  his  authority  for  this 
statement  ?  These  Henries  and  Katherines 
are  but  further  instances  of  the  puzzling 
custom  of  giving  the  same  name  to  two 
brothers  or  to  two  sisters  which  has  recently 
been  discussed  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 

Let  us  come  back  to  the  eldest  son,  the 
elder  Henry,  who  is  stated  to  have  been 
killed  at  the  siege  of  Boulogne.  This  must 
have  been  on  14  September,  1544,  when 
Boulogne  was  taken  by  King  Henry  VIII. 
(Haydn's  'Index  of  Dates').  As  his  father 
is  believed  to  have  been  born  about  1502 
— only  42  years  before — Henry  must  have 
been  young,  and  probably  unmarried,  at  the 
time  of  his  death.  He  died  nine  years 
before  the  marriage  of  his  brother  Guildford 
with  Lady  Jane  Grey  (1553)  and  the  con- 
spiracy to  place  her  on  the  throne,  and 
could  not  therefore  have  been  involved,  as 
were  his  father  and  brothers,  in  the  con- 
spiracy. Is  MR.  GARDINER  right  in  calling 
him  "  Sir  Henry  ? "  Burke  and  the 
'  D.N.B.'  do  not  give  him  this  title. 

As  to  his  younger  brother  Henry  there  is 
some  confusion.  G.  H.  W.  in  his  reply  calls 
him  the  "  youngest "  son  (he  was  no  doubt 
the  youngest  then  living),  and  adds  that 
"he  was  killed  at  St.  Quentin  in  1558." 
The  *  D.N.B.'  in  the  life  of  his  father  (xvi.  Ill) 
makes  him  the  fifth  son,  and  states  that  he 
was  slain  at  the  battle  of  St.  Quentin  in 
1555.  In  the  Supplement  to  the  'D.N.B.' 
(ii.  160)  he  is  designated  the  fourth  son,  and 
the  date  of  his  death  is  given  as  10  August, 
1557.  This  last  date  is  evidently  the  correct 
one,  for  St.  Quentin,  Aisne,  France,  was 
captured  by  the  Spaniards  on  the  day  of 
St.  Lawrence,  1557  ('  Encyclopaedia  Bri- 
tannica,'  9th  ed.,  xxi.  197  ;  Supplement, 
xxxii.  376).  FREDK.  A.  EDWARDS. 

MELMONT  BERRIES = JUNIPER  BERRIES 
(11  S.  ii.  29). — The  same  entry  about  Mel- 
mont  berries  is  given  in  the  '  E.  D.  D.,' 
apparently  taken  from  Jamieson.  No  ex- 
planation of  the  meaning  is  offered  .  So  far 
as  is  known,  Melmont  as  a  place-name  does 
not  occur  in  Morayshire.  There  is,  how- 
ever, a  hill  in  Galston  parish,  Ayrshire,  which 
bears  the  name  Molmont,  sometimes  called 
Melmont.  In  Gaelic  the  name  would  be 
derived  from  maol,  bare,  and  monadh,  hill  = 


the  bare  or  bleak  hill.  If  Jamieson  is 
correct  in  saying  that  Melmont  is  a  word 
used  in  Morayshire,  it  has  there,  presumably,, 
the  Gaelic  signification.  Hence  Melmont 
berries  will  mean  literally  bare -hill  berries  or 
berries,  such  as  the  juniper,  growing  wild 
on  a  hillside.  W.  S.  S. 

Jamieson  probably  uses  a  local  name  for 
this  fruit,  as  it  is  not  mentioned  by  botanists- 
The  only  book,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  in 
which  it  appears  (and  then  with  a  slight 
change  in  the  spelling)  is  A.  B.  Lyons's 
(Detroit)  'Plant  Names,'  which  has  "Juni- 
per berries,  Melmot  berries." 

TOM  JONES. 

PRINCE  BISHOP  OF  BASLE,  1790  (US.  ii. 
68). — This,  the  last  Prince -Bishop,  was  John 
Sigmund  von  Roggenbach,  who,  like  all  his 
predecessors,  was  a  Catholic.  His  territory 
was  turned  into  the  Rauracian  Republic, 
which  after  four  months  was  incorporated 
(1793)  in  the  French  Republic.  In  1815 
the  Congress  of  Vienna  gave  the  territory  of 
the  diocese  to  the  cantons  of  Bern  and 
Basle,  with  the  exception  of  the  portion 
already  belonging  to  Germany. 

The  last  Prince -Bishop  to  reside  in  Basle, 
was  Christopher  of  Utenham  (1502-27). 
See  the  interesting  article  on  '  Basle-Lugano, 
Diocese  of,'  in  the  '  Catholic  Encyclopaedia.' 
After  the  Reformation  the  capital  of  the 
bishopric  was  Porrentruy,  where  was  the  chief 
episcopal  residence.  The  bishop  also  owned 
Schloss  Buseck  above  Arlesheim,  and  after 
the  beginning  of  the  eighteenth  century  a 
summer  residence  at  Delemont. 

It  is  surprising  in  a  book  published  in 
1816  to  find  the  Prince-Bishopric  treated  as 
still  subsisting.  In  '  The  Swiss  Tourist,' 
published  by  Samuel  Leigh,  18,  Strand,. 
London,  in  that  year,  the  writer,  speaking 
of  Bienne,  says  at  p.  55  : — 

"  The  place  is  a  sort  of  republic  in  itself,  and  in 
this  capacity  sends  a  deputy  to  the  general  diets  of 
the  Confederation.  It  is,  at  the  same  time,  in  some 
degree  subjected  to  the  Bishop  of  Basle.  His 
privileges  consist  in  appointing  the  mayor,  who 
presides  at  the  councils  without  having  a  delibera- 
tive voice,  and  in  having  his  name,  conjointly  with 
that  of  the  town,  at  the  head  of  public  deeds,  over 
the  contents  of  which  he  has  no  influence.  When- 
ever a  bishop  is  elected,  he  is  bound  to  come 
hither,  for  the  purpose  of  receiving  an  oath  of  sub' 
mission  on  the  part  of  the  inhabitants  ;  but  the 
legislative  power,  the  administration  of  justice,  and 
the  right  of  making  alliances  belong  to  the  town 
itself.  The  inhabitants  are  of  the  reformed  religion  : 
they  can  go  through  their  studies  at  Berne,  which 
canton  is  the  established  protector  of  all  Protestant 
subjects  of  the  Bishop  of  Bale." 

JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 


us.  ii.  AUG.  6,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


119 


ANGLO-SPANISH  AUTHOR  (11  S.  i.  349). — 
With  deference  I  venture  to  put  forward 
a  theory  on  this  subject.  The  man  whom 
Borrow  heard  of  was  not  the  same  as  the  man 
he  saw  at  Madrid.  There  is  considerable 
reason  to  believe  that  the  secretary  who 
' '  had  acquired  a  name  both  in  English  and 
Spanish  literature  "  was  Don  Telesforo  de 
Trueba  y  Cosio.  He,  at  all  events,  wrote  a 
large  number  of  novels  and  plays  both  in 
English  and  Spanish,  all  of  them  doubtless  by 
this  time  completely  forgotten.  In  this 
country  he  may  still  be  remembered  as  the 
author  of  two  volumes  in  "Constable's 
Miscellany "  (a  '  Life  of  Cortes ?  and  a 
'History  of  Peru').  He  also  wrote  'The 
Romance  of  History  :  Spain,'-  1830,  3  vols. 
Educated,  and  residing  most  of  his  life,  in 
England,  where  he  was  extremely  popular 
in  fashionable  society,  he  returned  to  his 
native  country  in  1834,  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Cortes,  and  appointed  by  that  body 
one  of  its  secretaries.  While  residing  in 
England  he  was  one  of  the  Fraser  group  of 
writers,  and  his  portrait  finds  a  place  in  the 
'  Maclise  Portrait  Gallery.*  The  likeness  is 
something  of  a  caricature,  showing  him 
admiring  his  own  dancing  shadow,  while  the 
letterpress  accompanying  it  is  distinctly 
unkindly. 

Don  Telesforo  de  Trueba  y  Cosio,  however, 
cannot  have  been  the  secretary  whom 
Borrow  saw  at  Madrid.  He  was  dead  in 
1835,  at  the  early  age  of  30,  before  Borrow  had 
set  foot  in  the  Peninsula.  Borrow,  I  take  it, 
has  made  a  mistake.  He  saw  a  secretary, 
"a  fine,  intellectual-looking  man,n  whose 
name  apparently  he  did  not  know,  but  was 
"subsequently  informed "  of  his  literary 
attainments.  It  is  easy  to  understand  how 
in  talking  over  the  matter  at  a  considerably 
later  period  some  Spanish  friend  may  have 
mentioned  Don  Telesforo  de  Trueba  y 
Cosio  as  a  distinguished  author  and  one  of 
the  secretaries  to  the  Cortes.  Borrow 
probably  leaped  to  the  conclusion  that  Don 
Telesforo  was  the  secretary  be  had  seen  in 
attendance  on  the  Spanish  Finance  Minister, 
but  the  "fine,  intellectual-looking''  person 
he  saw  was  not  Don  Telesforo,  and  possibly 
not  an  author  at  all.  W.  SCOTT. 

COMMONWEALTH  GRANTS  OF  ARMS  (11  S. 
ii.  8). — The  statement  made  by  L.  S.  M. 
that  ' '  none  of  the  republican  grants  now 
remain  in  the  Herald's  College  "  is  incorrect. 
The  arms  borne  by  my  family  were  granted 
to  my  ancestor  Robert  Abbott,  scrivener,  on 
•9  August,  1654,  and  the  grant  is  recorded 
at  the  Heralds'  College  in  extenso.  Nor  is 


that  an  exceptional  case.  I  am  informed 
by  the  Registrar,  Mr.  H.  Farnham  Burke, 
that  dockets,  and  very  often  full  records, 
of  the  republican  grants  are  duly  registered 
in  the  College.  G.  F.  ABBOTT. 

Royal  Societies  Club,  St.  James's  Street,  W. 

BIBLE  :  CURIOUS  STATISTICS  (11  S.  i.  127, 
276).—  If  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.2  who  are 
interested  in  Bible  statistics  will  consult 
the  excellent  Indexes  of  the  several  Series  of 
*  N.  &  Q.*  they  will  find  such  statistics  in 
3  S.  xii.  412,  510  ;  4  S.  i.  88  ;  7  S.  xi.  207, 
364,  452. 

The  statistics  quoted  at  11  S.  i.  276  were 
compiled  by  George  Home,  Bishop  of 
Norwich  (born  1730,  died  1792),  and  are  said 
to  have  occupied  three  years  of  his  life 
(see  7  S.  xi.  364).  PATRICK. 

Dublin. 

"  CANABULL  BLUE  SILKE  "  :  CANOPY-OF- 
HEAVEN  BLUE  (11  S.  i.  488  ;  ii.  33).—  The 
name  "  Canopy-of  -heaven  blue  "  is  derived, 
I  should  think,  from  the  Chinese  name  for 
certain  blue  silk  known  as  fien  ch'ing> 
cerulean  blue.  J.  DYER  BALL. 

Hadley  Wood,  Middlesex. 

KEMPESFELD  :  KEMYS  (11  S.  i.  409,  478  ; 
ii.  13).  —  Is  not  Kemys,  properly  Kemeys 
(Monmouthshire),  the  English  corruption 
of  the  Welsh  word  "  cemaes 
no  k  in  the  Welsh  language. 


"  ?     There  is 
CURIOUS. 


DR.  JOHN  HOUGH  (US.  ii.  48).  —  See  his 
'  Life  '  by  John  Wilmot,  published  in  1812,  in 
4to.  His  will  is  there  printed  in  full. 

W.  D.  MACRAY. 


0tt 


Scottish  Historical  Clubs,  1780-1908,  with  a 
Subject-Index.  By  Charles  Sanford  Terry. 
(Glasgow,  MacLehose  &  Sons.) 

PROF.  TERRY  has  in  this  work  laid  all  students 
of  Scottish  history  under  a  heavy  obligation. 
He  gives  us  first  a  Catalogue  of  the  publications  of 
Scottish  historical  and  kindred  clubs  and  societies, 
including  the  Scottish  publications  of  His  Majesty's 
Stationery  Office  ;  and  secondly  a  Subject  Index 
to  "  the  materials  revealed  by  the  Catalogue  as 
bearing  especially,  though  not  exclusively,  on 
Scottish  institutions,  events,  reigns,  characters, 
and  historical  periods,  civil  and  ecclesiastical." 

The  Scotch  have  always  been  great  believers 
in  and  promoters  of  education,  and  their  clubs 
and  societies  concerned  with  history  and  anti- 
quities are  a  remarkable  feature  of  this  activity. 
Recent  examples  of  new  clubs  are  the  St.  Andrews 
Society,  founded  in  1906,  and  the  Old  Edinburgh 
Club  in  1908. 


120 


NOTES'  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  e,  1910. 


Of  the  wealth  of  matter  preserved,  and,  as  the 
Professor  says,  "  not  infrequently  concealed," 
in  such  publications  all  genuine  students  are 
aware.  The  difficulty  has  been  to  put  one's 
hand  on  the  piece  of  information  or  the  special 
subject  required.  This  is  solved  by  the  fine 
Subject  Index  provided,  a  piece  of  laborious 
work  which  has  been  admirably  performed.  Thus 
we  find  almost  two  pages  on  portraits,  near  half 
a  page  each  on  Gordons,  and  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots, 
and  several  references  to  Mr.  P.  J.  Anderson,  to 
whom  the  book  is  dedicated.  The  first  part  of  the 
book  is  very  full  in  its  details,  with  various 
notes  added  by  the  editor,  whose  standing  as  an 
expert  renders  such  information  particularly 
valuable. 

THE  current  issue'of  The  Quarterly  Review,  which 
appeared  late  in  July,  has  a  specially  interesting 
article  on  '  The  Character  of  King  Edward  VII.,' 
in  which  private  papers  in  the  royal  archives  of 
Windsor  Castle  have  been  used.  The  young  prince 
was  confronted  with  a  scheme  of  education  which 
was  most  careful  and  praiseworthy,  and  also 
singularly  oppressive,  one  thinks,  to  the  human  boy 
and  young  man.  A  striking  letter  from  Sir  Henry 
Bulwer  supplies  hints  as  to  the  late  King's  gifts  in 
early  days.  Dr.  A  W.  Verrall's  article  on  '  The 
Prose  of  Walter  Scott '  is  brilliant  and  attractive, 
like  all  his  writing,  and  it  fortifies  the  view  long 
held  by  the  writer  of  these  notes  that  Scott  was  at 
his  best  a  great,  if  unconscious,  artist  in  style.  Dr. 
Verrall  analyzes  the  charm  of  that  incomparable 
short  story  in  *  Redgauntlet,'  '  Wandering  Willie's 
Tale,'  which  Stevenson  could  not  rival.  Mr.  F.  G. 
Aflalo's  article  on  *  The  Genius  of  the  River '  is 
commonplace.  Mr.  H.  A.  L.  Fisher  writes  very  well 
on  '  The  Beginning  and  End  of  the  Second  Empire ' ; 
and  Dr.  Hans  Gadow  is  lucid  on  the  disputed  sub- 
ject of 'Birds  and  their  Colours,'  i.e.,  trie  reasons 
which  have  been  alleged  for  special  coloration. 
Mr.  Edwyn  Bevan  has  an  excellent  subject  in  '  The 
First  Contact  of  Christianity  and  Paganism,'  but 
his  field  of  inquiry  is  more  restricted  than  his  title 
suggests.  A  second  article  on  *  Socialism  '  is  impor- 
tant ;  and  there  is  also  a  capital  study  of  *  John 
Stuart  Mill'  by  Mr.  Wilfrid  Ward.  He  has  a  sound 
judgment  of  the  "saint  of  rationalism,"  but  hardly 
indicates  Mill's  perplexing  changes  of  view  during 
various  periods  or  his  life,  which  make  it  possible 
to  quote  his  authority  for  opposed  schools  of 
thought. 

The  Cornhill  opens  with  a  facsimile  of  a  translation 
by  Thackeray  of  Beranger's  poem  •  Ma  Vocation.' 
It  is  not  so  much  a  translation  as  another  poem  on 
the  same  subject,  with  touches  of  Thackeray's  neat 
versification.  Mrs.  Woods's  *  Pastel  under  the 
Southern  Cross'  is  this  month  devoted  to  Cecil 
Rhodes  and  his  tomb  on  the  Matoppos,  and  is  an 
excellent  piece  of  writing.  '  The  Lost  Voice,'  by 
Sir  George  Scott,  is  an  amusing  story  of  the  effect 
on  savages  of  a  phonograph.  The  Master  of  Peter- 
house  has  an  account  of  'The  Oberammergau 
Passion  Play  in  1871,'  which  should  be  very  useful 
to-day,  not  only  from  its  knowledge,  but  also 
because  it  is.  likely  to  reduce  the  hysteria  of 
sentimentalists  concerning  the  actors.  Mr.  Guy 
Kendall's  verse,  '  The  Whole  Design,'  is  thoughtful 
and  effective,  though  a  little  slack  in  form  and 
phrasing.  Miss  Edith  Sellers  has  an  indictment 
against  'The  Latter-Day  Swiss,'  in  which  she 
proves  an  effective  advocatus  diaboli.  We  find  no 


difficulty  in  believing  much  that  she  says.  Mr. 
Kenneth  Bell  writes  with  candour  on  'Goldwin 
Smith  as  a  Canadian,'  revealing  well  the  paradox 
of  the  former  Oxford  Professor's  position.  The 
number  is  good  reading  throughout. 

Miss  ROSE  BRADLEY,  like  Mrs.  Woods,  is  an 
admirable  writer  ot  notes  of  travel,  and  her  account 
in  The  Nineteenth  Century  of  '  A  Day  in  Provence,' 
dealing  mostly  with  the  dead  glories  of  the  City  of 
Les  Baux,  is  easily  the  most  interesting  article  in 
a  number  which  contains  little  of  literary  interest, 
though  the  personal  side  of  history  is  well  repre- 
sented by  Lady  Paget's  account  of  '  A  Royal  Mar- 
riage,' i.e.,  that  of  King  Edward,  and  Mr.  W.  S. 
Lilly's  of  '  Cardinal  Vaughan,'  mainly  a  summary  of 
Mr.  Snead-Cox's  notable  biography.  The  Cardinal 
was  a  wonderful  worker  for  his  Church,  though  he 
lacked  the  faculties  which  made  Manning  and 
Newman  eminent  above  their  fellows.  The  Rev. 
D.  W. -Duthie  deals  with:  familiar  matter  in  'The 
Women  of  the  Paston  Letters,'  and  adds  little  to 
our  pleasure  by  his  sentimental  rhetoric  on  the 
subject  of  love.  Besides  political  articles  on 
Ireland,  the  Third  French  Republic,  Protection  in 
Germany,  and  the  American  Negro,  there  is  one  by 
Sir  Edward  Clayton  on  'The  Working  of  the 
Prevention  of  Crime  Act,'  which  is  well  worth 
attention.  Mr.  W.  G.  Burn-Murdoch  has  some 
enthusiastic  notes  on  *  Modern  Whaling ' ;  and 
Mr.  G.  Clarke  Nuttall  should  interest  students  of 
science  with  his  remarks  on '  The  Eyes  of  Plants.' 


to  (E0msp0nfottts. 

We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  following 
notices:— 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  dp  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  B.C. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  arid 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

GALLOWAY  FRASER  ("  Barabbas  a  Publisher").- 
The  authority  quoted  by  you  was  evidently  in  error. 
See  MR.  JOHN  MURRAY'S  reply,  ante,  p.  92. 


n  s.  ii.  AUO.  is,  1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


121 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  13,  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  33. 

Is' OTES  :— Richard  Gem,  121— King's  '  Classical  Quotations,' 
123 -Horses'  Names,  124— George  II.  to  George  V.— New- 
castle  -  under  -  Lyme  Charter  Restored  —  Verulamium  — 
Snails  as  Food,  125— Motorists  as  Fairies— St.  Swithin's 
Tribute— Peter  Gordon,  Explorer—  "  Chemineau  "— Vestris 
Family— Early  Printing  in  Europe,  126. 

QUERIES  :— Col.  Condon:  Capt.  Mellish  —  Vestments  at 
Soissons  Cathedral  —  Sark  Bibliography,  127  — Viscount 
Courtenay— Speaker's  Chair  of  the  Old  House  of  Commons 
—Carter  Family— Archdeacons  of  Hereford—"  Staple  "  in 
Place-Names,  128— '  Oliver  Twist'  on  the  Stage— H.  A. 
Major— Smollett's  '  History  of  England  '—Rev.  T.  Clarke 
of  Chesham  Bois — Horses  stabled  in  Churches  in  1745-6 — 
Magazine  Story  of  a  Deserter— Authors  Wanted— Royal 
Shield  of  Scotland  —  Hawkes  Family,  129  —  Minster : 
Verger  v.  Sacristan—  "King"  in  Place-Names  — H. M.S. 
Avenger— Moke  Family  of  Flanders,  130. 

KEPLIES  :— Parish  Armour,  130—"  Storm  in  a  teacup  "— 
Myddelton:  "Dref":  "Plas,"  131— American  Words— 
"  Tilleul "— Ben  Jonson-Sir  W.  Godbold,  132— Names 
terrible  to  Children — Ansgar,  Master  of  the  Horse— 
•  Yon  "— J.  Faber— Sir  M.  Philip,  13 9—'  Reverberations ' 
— Christopher  Moore — S.  Joseph,  Sculptor — E.  I.  C.'s 
Marine  Service,  134— Licence  to  Eat  Flesh— Sleepless 
Arch— Authors  Wanted— Col.  Skelton— George  I.  Statues, 
135— Pitt's  Statue— Francis  Peck— Windsor  Station- 
master— Clergy  at  the  Dinner  Table,  136— Door-Knocker 
Etiquette -Boys  in  Petticoats— Priors  of  Holy  Trinity, 
Aldgate— Fourth  Estate— R.  Sare,  137— Thames  Water 
Company—"  Portygne"— South  African  Slang— Tennyson's 
'Margaret'— "Seersucker,"  133. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS :-'  F.  W.  Maitland  '—Reviews  and 
Magazines— Book  sellers'  Catalogues. 


JSrrfcs. 

RICHARD   GEM. 

RICHABD  GEM,  the  only  son  of  Richard  Gem, 
gentleman  of  Worcestershire,  was  born  at 
Barnsley  Hall  in  the  parish  of  Bromsgrove, 
but  there  is  no  entry  of  his  baptism  in  the 
parish  register.  Nash  in  his  '  History  of 
Worcestershire*  (i.  154)  says  that  "Mr. 
Gem  of  Birmingham  is  now  lord  of  the  Manor 
of  Dodford  [in  Bromsgrove],  where  he  has 
an  estate  of  160Z.  per  ann."  The  son  was  bred 
in  the  house  of  William  Philips,  clerk,  in  the 
city  of  Worcester.  Philips  took  the  degree  of 
B.A.  of  Oriel  College,  Oxford,  in  1704 ; 
was  Rector  of  All  Saints,1  Worcester,  from 
1710  to  1715  ;  Vicar  of  St.  Peter's,  Worcester, 
from  the  latter  year  until  1741  ;  and 
Rector  of  Bromsgrove  from  1741  to  1754. 

A  contributor  to  The  Monthly  Magazine 
for  1821  (vol.  li.  pp.  138-9)  supplies  some 
interesting  reminiscences  of  Gem  under  the 
title  of  Dr.  Gpm,  but  in  the  index  the  name 
is  correctly  given.  He  was  not  fond  of  the 
ordinary  system  of  education,  but  sought  the 
instruction  "  of  a  neighbouring  gentleman 
•characterized  as  a  freethinker,  who  had  in 
fact  been  obliged  to  leave  the  University  of 
•Cambridge  (where  he  had  graduated)  for  his 


'  openly-avowed  penchant  to  Unitarianism." 
This  preceptor  put  translations  of  the 
works  of  Helvetius  and  Rousseau  into  the 
youth's  hands,  which  inspired  him  with 
the  desire  of  reading  them  in  their  original 
language,  and  he  learnt  French.  This  intro- 
duction to  the  philosophical  literature  of 
France  coloured  the  rest  of  his  life. 

On  12  June,  1735,  when  aged  19,  Gem  was 
admitted  pensioner  at  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge,  when  Dr.  Williams  became 
his  tutor  and  surety  ('  Admissions  to  St. 
John's,1  Pt.  III.,  1903,  ed.  Scott,  p.  80); 
but  he  seems  to  have  left  without  taking  his 
degree.  We  shall  probably  not  err  in 
drawing  the  inference  that  he  was  not  in 
sympathy  with  the  system  of  instruction 
which  was  then  imposed  on  youth  at  the 
University.  His  "  fond  parent "  had 
pointed  out  the  study  of  the  law  as  the  most 
profitable  for  him,  but  he  put  the  suggestion 
on  one  side,  and  studied  French  and  physic 
together. 

In  1741  there  was  published  in  London 
a  little  tract  of  54  pages  bearing  the  title  of 
"  An  Account  of  the  Remedy  for  the  Stone 
lately  published  in  England ....  extracted 
from  the  examinations  of  this  remedy,  given 
into  the  Royal  Academy  of  Sciences  at  Paris, 
by  M.  Morand  and  M.  Geoffrey.  By  Richard 
Gem  of  the  University  of  Cambridge.'*  This 
description  shows  that  he  was  not  at  that 
time,  when  he  was  25  years  old,  possessed  of 
any  medical  degree,  and  I  am  not  acquainted 
with  the  nature  of  his  subsequent  qualifica- 
tion. Probably  it  was  from  a  foreign,  if  any, 
university.  His  name  does  not  appear  in  Dr. 
Munk's  volumes  on  the  members  of  the 
London  College  of  Physicians,  nor  does 
it  occur,  says  Mr.  Victor  G.  Plarr,  librarian  of 
the  Royal  College  of  Surgeons,  "in  our 
college  books  between  the  years  1745-83." 
Mr.  Plarr  therefore  concludes  that  he  was  not 
a  member  of  the  old  Corporation  of  Surgeons. 

It  is  stated  in  The  Monthly  Magazine  that 
Gem  was  known  to  and  noticed  by  the  Earl  of 
Hertford,  who  gave  him  permission  to  visit 
Paris  and  to  enjoy  the  advantages  of  con- 
nexion with  the  embassy.  Unless  this  were  a 
temporary  visit  only  the  statement  con- 
flicts with  that  recorded  by  the  first  Earl  of 
Malmesbury  in  his  diary  (November,  1796), 
after  a  call  from  Gem,  that  ' '  he  came  to 
Paris  in  1751  with  Lord  Albemarle."  The 
Monthly  Magazine  anecdotist  chronicles  that 
Gem  obtained  through  the  favour  of  Lord 
Stormont  the  practice  of  the  sick  English  at 
Paris.  His  professional  income  was  large, 
his  prescriptions  were  simple.  The  patient 
could  even  tell  from  them  the  nature  of  the 


122 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [11  s.  n.  AUG.  13, 1910. 


disease  from  which  he  was  suffering.  Gem 
became  physician  to  the  embassy  at  Paris  in 
1762  on  the  appointment  of  the  Duke  of 
Bedford  as  ambassador  to  France. 

For  the  rest  of  his  days  Gem  was  domiciled 
in  that  country.  His  was  a  striking  per- 
sonality, for  he  was  six  feet  and  two  or  three 
inches  in  height,  of  an  athletic  build,  and 
when  over  70  as  upright  as  a  dart.  When 
he  was  82  he  was  very  stout.  He  was 
admitted  into  the  most  brilliant  society 
of  Paris,  becoming  very  intimate  with  the 
Encyclopaedists  and  with  many  of  the 
leading  Englishmen  who  were  admitted  to 
its  salons.  Benjamin  Franklin  and  Thomas 
Jefferson  were  his  intimate  friends.  A 
letter  from  the  latter  dated  New  York, 
4  April,  1790,  is  in  [J.  Wright's]  '  Biog. 
Memoir  of  Huskisson,*  pp.  8-9,  and  a  second 
letter  to  him  is  in  '  Jefferson's  Memoir  and 
Correspondence  '  (ed.  T.  J.  Randolph),  iii.  32. 
Sterne  in  1766  wrote  to  Dr.  Jemm  of 
Paris  introducing  [John]  Symonds  to  him, 
and  giving  details  of  his  winter  in  Italy. 
Mr.  W.  L.  Cross  in  his  '  Life  of  Sterne  '  hesi- 
tatingly suggests  this  to  be  Dr.  A.  A. 
Jamme  of  Toulouse,  who  sometimes  resided 
at  Paris.  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  it  was 
Dr.  Gem.  Horace  Walpole  refers  to  him 
in  the  letters  which  he  wrote  from  Paris 
in  1765  and  1766,  and  George  Selwyn 
received  a  letter  from  him  in  the  former 
year  in  which  he  intimated  that  he  was 
coming  with  Baron  D'Olbach  to  dine  with 
Selwyn,  and  looked  forward  with  pride 
to  "  the  honour  of  meeting  Lord  March." 
He  was  devoted  to  Selwyn,  and  figures 
constantly  in  Dr.  Warner's  letters  to  his 
patron,  being  playfully  dubbed  by  him  as 
"  Roger.'1  Warner  sometimes  expresses  his 
anxiety  lest  he  should  be  suspected  by  Gem 
of  a  desire  to  supplant  him  in  Selwyn' s 
good  graces. 

The  allusions  to  Gem  by  Warner  show 
that  he  took  things  seriously.  In  fact, 
he  said  to  Walpole  in  1765:  "Sir,  I  am 
serious,  I  am  of  a  very  serious  turn."'  He 
was  a  rigid  disciplinarian  and  parsimonious, 
and  it  was  noted  as  a  trait  in  his  character 
that  he  allowed  no  eating  between  breakfast 
and  dinner  in  the  evening.  His  parsimony, 
however,  did  not  restrain  him  from  acts  of 
kindness  and  generosity.  Walpole,  when 
writing  to  him  in  April,  1776,  describes  him  as 
"  no  less  esteemed  for  his  professional  know- 
ledge than  for  his  kind  attention  to  the  poor 
who  applied  to  him  for  medical  assistance." 
Ten  years  later  (1786)  Gem  was  exerting 
himself  in  getting  books  for  Walpole. 
The  mother  of  William  Huskisson  the 


statesman  was  Gem's  favourite  niece.  She 
died  in  1774  (when  William  was  in  his 
fifth  year)  leaving  four  sons.  The  father 
married  again,  when  Gem  expressed  the 
desire  that  the  two  elder  sons,  one  of  whom 
was  William,  should  be  assigned  to  his 
keeping,  and  in  1783  they  were  allowed  to 
return  to  Paris  with  him  ;  but  their  acquain- 
tance with  England  was  maintained  by  an 
annual  visit  which  he  and  the  two  boys  paid 
to  their  native  land.  To  his  watchful 
care  and  constant  encouragement  in  study 
were  due  the  successful  training  of  Huskis- 
son's  abilities  and  the  strain  of  enlightened 
thought  which  was  conspicuous  in  his  political 
career.  It  is  generally  said  that  the  future 
politician  was  intended  for  the  medical  pro- 
fession, and  that  he  actually  began  the  study 
of  medicine.  But  through  the  influence  of 
Warner,  then  chaplain  to  the  English 
embassy,  he  was  introduced  to  Lord  Gower, 
and  thus  secured  an  opening  into  the  highest 
circles  of  political  life,  which  resulted  in  a 
lasting  alliance  with  Canning,  and  a  leading 
place  in  that  statesman's  Cabinet.  (See  my 
'  Eight  Friends  of  the  Great,'  where  the  name 
is  incorrectly  printed  Robert  Gem.) 

Gem  was  a  staunch  republican,  and  was 
in  complete  sympathy  with  the  French 
Revolution.  Even  the  brilliant  victories  of 
Bonaparte  did  not  shake  his  faith  in  repub- 
lican principles.  He  was  doubtless  the 
"  Ghym  anglais'1  who  in  1792  presented 
1,000  francs  to  the  Patriotic  Fund  ;  but 
this  did  not  prevent  his  arrest  in  1793  as  a 
hostage  for  Toulon,  when  his  name  appears 
in  the  police  records  as  "  Gesme.'*  For  nine 
days  he  was  detained  at  the  Luxembourg 
and  was  then  transferred  to  the  ScotcJ 
College.  After  a  short  release,  probabb 
under  the  decree  of  3  November,  179J 
exempting,  on  account  of  the  scarcity  of 
doctors,  foreign  practitioners  from  imprison- 
ment, he  was  rearrested  by  the  authority 
of  Versailles  and  imprisoned  in  the  Recollets. 
Here  he  found  himself  in  the  same  rooi 
with  Grace  Dalrymple  Elliott  ("Dolly  the 
tall"),  who  says  that  he  was  conscious 
"  that  he  ran  no  risk  of  being  murdered,  for 
he  was  a  philosopher,  and  I  am  sorry  to  say 
an  atheist."  Still,  the  restraint  repressed 
his  spirits,  and  Mrs.  Elliott  in  November, 
1796,  repeated  to  Harris  that  "he  cried 
the  whole  time,  was  terrified  to  death." 
This  clever  woman,  however,  was  incon- 
sistent in  her  recollections.  She  told  Loi 
Malmesbury  that  "no  candles  were  allow* 
them,  or  fire,  after  it  was  dark  "  ;  but  h6 
journal  records  that  Gem  used  to  get  up  at 
four  o'clock  and  *'  uncover  the  wood  fire  and 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  13,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


123 


light  a  candle,  and  read  Locke  and  Helvetius 
till  seven  o'clock.'*  She  did  many  kind 
offices  for  the  doctor,  endeavouring  to  drive 
away  his  gloom,  and  by  her  representations 

i  to  the  deputy  that  her  fellow-prisoner  was  a 
sincere  republican  obtained  his  release  after  a 

!  detention  of  three  or  four  months.  They 
wept  at  parting  in  the  expectation  that  they 

I  wrould  never  see  one  another  again  ;  but  her 
freedom  came  also  in  time.  Gem  had  rooms 
for  years  in  the  Rue  St.  Sepulcre  at  Paris, 
even  down  to  1796  ;  but  his  home  seems 
to  have  been  at  Meudon,  and  when  Grace 
Elliott  came  out  of  prison  he  used  every  day 
to  walk  a  mile  to  see  her.  She  was  in  his 
company  the  day  before  he  died. 

When  James  Harris,  the  first  Earl  of 
Malmesbury,  went  to  Paris  in  October, 
1796,  to  negotiate  terms  of  peace,  he  called  on 
Gem,  and  next  day  (9  November)  the  doctor 
repaid  the  call,  when  Harris  summed  up 
somewhat  harshly  his  character  :  "  Atheist, 
systeme  de  la  nature,  economist,  &c. — the 
cold  apathetic  scoundrel  described  by 
Burke.'1  Gem  breakfasted  with  him  on 
15  November,  and  when  one  of  the  secretaries, 
Leveson,  afterwards  Earl  Granville,  four  days 
later  became  ill,  his  assistance  was  called  for. 
For  his  services  on  this  occasion  he  refused 
to  take  any  fees.  He  breakfasted  with  the 
ambassador  on  2  December,  "always  harp- 
ing on  his  philosophy  n  ;  and  on  20  December 
dined  there  with  Henry  Swinburne,  who 
swells  the  chorus  of  his  praise  as  "a  very 
good  physician n  (Swinburne,  '  Courts  of 
Europe,1  1841,  ii.  132,  158,  184,  209). 

It  is  said  in  The  Monthly  Magazine  that 
Gem  was  so  upset  by  Huskisson's  change  of 
political  opinions  as  to  disinherit  him,  but 
that  under  Malmesbury's  influence  he 
altered  his  will  and  restored  his  nephew  to  his 
favour.  .  Certain  it  is  that  his  will  was  made 
at  this  date,  and  under  Malmesbury's 
cognizance,  for  it  is  dated  9  October,  1796, 
and  witnessed  by  Malmesbury,  Granville 
Leveson  Gower  (Lord  Granville),  and  George 
Ellis  of  '  The  Rolliad  *  and  other  works.  He 
appointed  William  Huskisson  "son  of  my 
niece  Elizabeth  Huskisson,  deceased,"  his 
executor,  giving  him  and  his  heirs  "  all  my 
real  estate  in  Bromsgrove,11  and  making  him 
the  residuary  legatee  (which  included  a 
mortgage  on  Hayley's  estate  of  Eartham  in 
Sussex),  but  subject  to  the  following 
legacies  : — 

1.  "To  Marie  Cleine,  now  in  my  service  at 
Paris,  501.  a  year  for  life." 

2.  To  Samuel  Huskisson,  brother  of  the 
aforesaid  William,    1,500/. 

3.  To  Sarah,  Elizabeth,  Jane,  Marie,  and 


Richard   Rotton    "children   of   my  nephew 
Samuel  Rotton,  deceased, n  1,OOOZ.  each. 

Gem  died  suddenly  in  Paris  early  in  the 
spring  of  1800,  at  the  age  of  83,  "undis- 
turbed by  any  of  the  infirmities  which  so 
generally  embitter  the  last  years  of  pro- 
tracted life.11  His  will  was  proved  on  6  May, 
1800,  and  the  estate  was  sworn  at  10,000^. 
W.  P.  COURTNEY. 


KING'S    'CLASSICAL    AND    FOREIGN 
QUOTATIONS.1 

(See  10  S.  ii.  231,  351  ;  iii.  447  ;  vii.  24  ; 
ix.  107,  284,  333  ;  x.  126,  507  ;  xi.  247  ; 
xii.  127;  11  S.  i.  463.) 

No.  361,  "  Conticuisse  nocet  nunquam,. 
nocet  esse  locutum." — King  takes  this  from 
Joseph  Lang's  (or  Lange's)  '  Polyanthea 
Nova,1  1612,  p.  673,  where  it  is  the  first  of 
eight  lines  quoted  from  the  '  Anthologia 
Sacra  l  of  Jacobus  Billius  (Jacques  Billy  de 
Prunay).  It  is  evidently  modelled  on  a  line 
in  Cato's  '  Disticha,*  I.  xii.  2, 

Nam  nulli  tacuisse  nocet,  nocet  esse  locutum. 

No.  796,  "Fiat  justitia,  ruat  cselum." — 
King,  after  giving  Bartlett's  statement 
('Familiar  Quotations1)  that  these  word& 
are  to  be  found  in  [Nathaniel]  Ward's. 
'  Simple  Cobler  of  Aggawam  in  America  * 
(1647),  published  under  the  pseudonym  of 
Theodore  de  la  Guard,  adds  the  variations, 
(2)  "  Ruat  caelum,  fiat  Voluntas  Tua," 
quoted  by  Sir  T.  Browne,  '  Religio  Medici,  *' 
Pt.  II.  sect  11,  and  (3),  from  Biichmann,  the 
saying  attributed  to  the  Emperor  Fer- 
dinand I.  (1556-64),  "Fiat  justitia,  et 
pereat  mundus "  (Joh.  Manlius,  *  Loci 
Communes,1  1563,  vol.  ii.  p.  290). 

This  article  can  be  improved  in  more  than 
one  respect.  With  regard  to  (3),  the  *  Stan- 
ford Dictionary  1  quotes  ' '  Fiat  justicia  ruat 
mundus  51  from  the  '  Egerton  Papers '  (1550),. 
p.  27,  Camd.  Soc.  ;  while  with  regard  to 
(1),  "Fiat  justitia,  ruat  cselum,"  the  same 
dictionary  gives  frcm  W.  Watson's  *  Quod- 
libets  of  Religion  and  State1  (1602),  p.  338, 
"You  goe  against  that  Generall  maxime- 
in  the  lawes,  which  is  that  fiat  iustitia  & 
ruant  cceli.11  I  have  noted  a  still  closer 
approximation  to  (1)  in  Manningham's 
'Diary*  (Camd.  Soc.),  p.  169,  under  the 
date  11  April,  1603:  "When  I  was  men- 
tioning howe  dangerous  and  difficult  a 
thing  it  would  be  to  restore  appropriacions,. 
he  [  =  "Mr.  Thomas  Overbury J1  :  he  was 
not  knighted  till  1608]  said  Fiat  justicia  et 
ccelum  ruat.1* 


124 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  u.  AUG.  13,  mo. 


No.  866,  "  Habemus  confitentem  reum." — 
It  is  curious  that  King  should  have  contentec 
himself  with  styling  this  a  law  maxim.  A  refer 
ence  ought  to  have  been  added  to  Cicero 
'  Pro  Q.  Ligario '  1,  2.  The  words  are  quoted 
from  Cicero  by  Quintilian,  ix.  2,  51 .  Petronius, 
130,  has  "Habes  confitentem  reum." 

No.  1175,  "Je  dirais  volontiers  des 
metaphysiciens  ce  que  Scaliger  disait  des 
Basques  :  '  on  dit  qu'ils  s'entendent ;  mais 
je  n'en  crois  rien,' n  S.  B.  N.  Chamfort 
(1741-1794),  '  Maximes  et  Pensees,'  chap.  vii. 
('  (Euvres  Choisies,3  1890,  vol.  ii.  p.  84).  The 
jest  would  certainly  seem  to  be  more  after 
the  style  of  Mark  Twain,  but  an  eighteenth 
century  French  wit  is  one  of  the  last  persons 
from  whom  to  expect  an  intelligent  appre- 
ciation of  either  Scaliger.  The  remark  of 
which  the  above  is  a  ludicrously  perverted 
version  was  made  by  J.  J.  Scaliger.  What 
he  disbelieved  was  the  statement  that  the 
inhabitants  of  Wales  and  Brittany  could 
understand  one  another's  speech.  See 
*  Scaligerana '  [Secunda],  p.  135,  ed.  altera, 
Cologne,  1667,  s.v.  '  Langues  * :  "  II  y  a 
encore  au  pays  de  Galles,  le  langage  vieux 
-d'Angleterre  semblable  au  Breton  breton- 
nant ;  on  dit  qu'ils  s'entendent,  je  n'en  crois 
rien.'*  The  Basque  language  and  people 
are  mentioned  in  the  same  section. 

No.  1447,  "  Lupus  in  fabula." — King  refers 
to  Cic.,  'Ep.  ad  Att.,'  xiii.  33,  4.  A  much 
•earlier  example  might  have  been  given- — 
Terence,  '  Adelphi,1  537. 

No.  1992,  "  O  tempora,  O  mores  !  "—The 
source  stated  is  Cicero's  '  Pro  Rege  Deiotaro  ' 
(B.C.  45),  11,  31,  but  Cicero  had  said  this 
in  B.C.  63.  See  '  Cat.,'  i.  1,  2. 

No.  3023  (among  the  '  Adespota  '), 

Bonis  nocet  quisquis  pepercerit  malis. 
This  inelegant  iambic  line  has  been  included 
in  some  editions  of  Publius  Syrus,  e.g.  J.  C. 
Orelli's,  1822,  but  is  now  rejected.  It  is 
obviously  a  translation  of  the  Greek  proverb 
AoiK€t  TOVS  ayaOovs  6  (/^iSojuefo?  TOJV  KaKtov. 
See  Leutsch  and  Schneidewin's  'Corpus 
Parcemiographorum  Graecorum,*  vol.  ii. 
(1851)  p.  247.  A  similar  apophthegm  is 
attributed  to  Pythagoras  by  Stobseus, 
*  Florilegium,*  xlvi.  112:  Oi  /*r)  KoA  " 
TOV?  Ka/covs  J3ov\ovrai  aSiKcio-flai 

5.  EDWABD  BENSLY. 


HORSES'  NAMES:  MODERN. 

THE  following  names  have  been  collected 
from  a  few  places  in  Berkshire,  Worcester- 
shire, and  Yorkshire  (East  Riding),  indicated 
in  the  list  by  B,  W,  and  Y.  They  are  those 


of  working  farm-horses.  Most  of  them 
have  been  in  use  for  many  generations. 
The  names  common  to  the  three  counties 
are  Bob,  Captain,  Dick,  Duke,  Flower, 
Jolly,  and  Violet.  Berks  has  the  most 
military  names.  Turpin  is  appropriately 
found  in  Yorkshire,  but  perhaps  Dick  may 
also  represent  him.  Something  has  been 
noted  about  this  subject  at  8  S.  i.  492  ;  ii.  73, 
196. 

I  propose  to  add,  later,  a  list  of  ancient 
names. 


Admiral,  Y. 
Ball,  Y. 
Banjo,  B. 
Banker,  Y. 
Bellringer,  W. 
Blackbird,  B,  W. 
Blossom,  B,  Y. 
BluebeD,   W. 
Bob,  B,  W,  Y. 
Bonny,  W,  Y. 
Bounce,  W. 
Bouncer,  Y. 
Bowler,  B,  W. 
Boxer,   B,   Y. 
Bute,  Y. 
Butler,  Y. 
Captain,  B,  W,  Y. 
Champion,  B. 
Charger,  B. 
Charlie,  Y. 
Cobby,  Y. 
Colonel,  B. 
Conjurer,   B. 
Corporal.  3. 
Daisy,  B,  Y. 
Damsel,  B. 
Dapple,  W. 
Darling,  B,  Y. 
Delver,    Y. 
Depper,  W,  Y. 
Derby,  Y. 
Diamond,  B,  Y. 
Dick,  B,  W,  Y. 
Dinah,  B. 
Dobbin,  B,  Y. 
Dolly,  B,  Y. 
Donald,  W. 
Dora,  Y. 
Dorington,  W. 
Dragon,  B,  Y. 
Duke,  B,  W,  Y. 
Dumpling,  B,  W. 
Dunstan  Boy,  W. 
Dutch,   Y. 
Farmer,  Y. 
Flora, Y. 
Flower,  B,  W,  Y. 
Forest  King,  W. 
Frolic,  W. 
Gilbert,  B. 
inger,   B. 
Gypsy,  W,  Y. 
liawatha,  W. 
Jack,  B,  Y. 
Tacko,   W. 
Jennie,  W. 


Jessie,  W,  Y. 

Jet,  W,  Y. 

Jewel,  Y. 

Jim,  W. 

Jolly,  B,  W,  Y. 

Judy,  Y. 

Kit,  W. 

Kitty,  B. 

Kruger,  B. 

Lion,  B. 

Lively,  W. 

Major,  B. 

Masterpiece,  W. 

Merryman,   W. 

Mettle,   Y. 

More  ton  Lass,  B. 

Nell,  Y. 

Nellie,  W. 

Oliver,  B. 

Paddy,  W. 

Pansy,   B. 

Pedlar,  B,  Y. 

Prince,  B,  Y. 

Punch,  Y. 

Battler,  Y. 

Robin,  W. 

Roderick,  W. 

Roger,  Y. 

Rose,  B,  Y. 

Royal,   Y. 

Sandy,  B. 

Sergeant,  B. 

Shanker,  Y. 
Short,  W. 
Shot,  Y. 
Smart,  W.  Y. 
Smiler,  W,  Y. 
Snip,  W. 
Squirrel,  B. 
Star,  W,  Y. 
Starlight,  W. 
Starling,  W. 
Thunderer,  B. 
Tidy,  Y. 
Tinker,  B. 
Toby,  W. 
Tom,  B,  Y. 
Tommy,  W. 
Topper,  Y. 
Topsy,  B. 
Trooper,  B. 
Turpin,  W,  Y. 
Venture,  B. 
Violet,  B,  W,  Y. 
Whitefoot,  B,  W. 
Yeoman,  B. 

W.  C.  B. 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  is,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


125 


GEORGE  II.  TO  GEORGE  V. — I  have  the 
special  reason  that  I  myself  was  born  in 
1817,  and  my  father  in  1767,  for  asking 
you  to  include  for  permanent  reference  in 
'  N.  &  Q."4  the  following  extract  from  a  letter 
in  The  Times  of  18  July  :— 

My  father  was  born  in  1750,  and  I  was  born  in 
1819  (when  he  was  69).  I  attained  my  91st  birthday 
on  the  3rd  of  last  month  (June).  That  is  to  say, 
our  joint  lives  have  extended  160  years. 

LETITIA  JANE  FOKDE. 
Normanhurst,  Compton -street,  Eastbourne, 
July  3. 

In  this  regard  I  should  wish  to  append  the 
following  paragraph  from  The  Westminster 
Gazette  of  25  June,  which  especially  refers  to 
a  very  old  friend  of  mine  : — 

*'  Graham stown's  claim  to  possess  among  its  in- 
habitants 'an  old  lady  who  enjoys  the  distinguished 
record  of  having  lived  under  the  reign  of  the  last 
six  British  Sovereigns,  having  been  born  in 
George  II. 's  reign,'  may  at  once  be  consigned  to  the 
region  of  myth,  for  there  can  be  no  possible  proof  of 
such  a  birth  in  or  before  1760.  But  the  new  reign 
has  already  afforded  one  most  remarkable  and  well- 
attested  instance  of  great  longevity ;  and  it  would 
be  interesting  to  know  whether,  with  full  proof,  it 
can  be  exceeded.  There  has  been  taken  in  open 
court  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  George  V.,  both  as 
a  county  and  a  borough  magistrate,  by  Mr.  Richard 
Peter,  of  Launceston,  Cornwall,  who  was  born 
not  merely  in  the  reign  of  George  III.,  but  even 
before  the  Prince  of  Wales,  who  was  afterwards 
George  IV.,  was  appointed  Regent.  From  October, 
1809,  to  now  not  far  from  October,  1910,  is,  indeed, 
a  wonderful  stretch  of  time  ;  and  that  one  who  was 
born  even  before  Mr.  Gladstone,  so  long  known  as 
'  the  Grand  Old  Man,'  should  to-day  be  taking  an 
alert  part  in  magisterial  work  is  sufficiently  striking 
to  deserve  special  note." 

It  would  be  very  interesting  to  know 
whether  there  is  another  magistrate  who, 
born  before  the  Regency,  has  sworn 
allegiance  on  the  bench  to  George  V.  ;  and  I 
should  like  also  to  hear  of  others  than 
myself  who  can  recall  the  popular  celebration 
of  the  coronation  in  1821  of  George  IV., 

"  own  memories  of   which  were  given  at 


m 

9  S.  x.  3. 


R.  ROBBINS. 


NEWCASTLE-UNDER-LYME  CHARTER  RE- 
STORED.—The  following  appeared  in  The 
Daily  Telegraph  of  Monday,  the  25th  of 
July  : — 

"  LONG-LOST  CHARTER.— After  being  lost  between 
six  and  seven  hundred  years  the  mutilated  charter 
of  Edward  III.,  dated  1328,  to  the  burgesses  of 
Newcastle-under-Lyme,  will  this  week  be  restored 
to  that  Corporation  by  the  Corporation  of  Preston. 
According  to  the  opinion  of  British  Museum  ex- 
i»erts,  the  evidence  showed  that  Preston  borrowed 
the  charter  for  its  guidance  between  1342  and  1372, 
and  forgot  to  restore  it,  thus  forcing  Newcastle- 
under-Lyme  to  apply  for  another  copy.  The  charter 


has  been  in  the  possession  of  the  Preston  Corpora- 
tion for  many  years,  but  expert  evidence  shows  that 
it  was  not  a  charter  to  Preston.  There  was  no- 
doubt  a  charter  to  Preston  of  that  date,  but  it  was- 
now  missing." 

A.  N.  Q. 

VERULAMIUM. — Some  months  ago  it  was 
announced    that    excavations    were    to    be 
undertaken  to  disclose  the  ancient  Roman 
city  by  St.  Albans,  and  I  hope  the  rumour 
that  the  project  may  be  abandoned  is  not 
true.     In  connexion  with  this  subject  two 
quotations  may  prove  interesting.     One  is 
from   Spenser's    *  Ruines    of    Time '   (1591), 
"I"  representing  the  genius  of  Ver'lam: — 
I  was  that  citie,  which  the  garland  wore 
Of  Britaine's  pride,  delivered  unto  me 
By  Romane  victors,  which  it  wonne  of  yore ; 
Though  nought  at  all  but  ruines  now  I  be, 
And  lye  in  mine  owne  ashes,  as  ye  see  : 
Ver'lame  I  was  ;  what  bootes  it  that  I  was, 
Sith  now  I  am  but  weedes  and  wastefull  gras  ? 

The  other  is  from  Michael  Drayton's  '  Poly- 

Olbions  (1612):— 

Thou  saw'st  when  Ver'lam  once  ahead  aloft  did 

bear, 

(Which  in  her  cinders  now  lies  sadly  buried  here) 
With  alabaster,  tuch,  and  porphyry  adorned 
When  (well-near)  in  her  pride  great  Troynovant  she 

scorn'd. 
Thou  saw'st  great  burden'd  ships  through  these 

thy  vallies  pass, 
Where  now  the  sharp-edg'd  scythe  shears  up  the 

spiring  grass : 

That  where  the  ugly  seal  and  porpoise  us'd  to  play, 
The  grass-hopper  and  ant  now  lord  it  all  the  day : 
Where  now  St.  Alban's  stands  was  called  Holmhurst 

then; 
Whose  sumptuous  fane  we  see  neglected  now  again. 

J.   S.   S. 

SNAILS  AS  FOOD. — Mr.  Baring-Gould  and 
Mr.  Harry  Hems  have  been  writing  in 
The  Guardian  on  the  excellence  of  cooked 
snails.  I  have  come  on  the  following  note 
about  them  in  '  Table  -Talk,  or  Selections 
from  the  Ana  »  (1827),  at  pp.  292-3.  It  is  due 
to  the  memorandum -making  pen  of  Robert 
Southey  : — 

"  That  Maecenas  of  Cookery,  Sir  Kenelm  Digby, 
who  is  remembered  for  so  many  odd  things,  was  one 
of  the  persons  who  introduced  the  great  shell  snail 
(Helix  Pomaria)  into  this  country  as  a  delicacy. 
He  dispersed  the  breed  about  Gpthurst,  his  seat  near 
Newport  Pagnel ;  but  the  merit  of  first  importing 
it  is  due  to  Charles  Howard,  of  the  Arundel  family. 
The  fashion  seems  to  have  taken,  for  that  grateful 
and  great  master  cook  Robert  May  has  left  several 
receipts  for  dressing  snails  among  the  secrets  of  his 
fifty  years'  experience.  Snails  are  still  sold  in 
Covent-Garden  as  a  remedy  for  consumptive  people. 
I  remember,  when  a  child,  having  seen  them 
pricked  through  the  shell  to  obtain  a  liquor  for  this 
purpose,  but  the  liquor  was  as  inefficacious  as  the 
means  to  obtain  it  were  cruel.  They  were  at  that 


126 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  11.  AUG.  13, 1910. 


time,  I  know,  eaten  by  the  men  who  worked  at  the 
glass-houses,  probably  from  some  notion  of  their 
restorative  virtue. 

"  Snail  shells  of  every  kind  are  rarely  found  in 
^Cumberland  ;  the  large  brown  species  I  have  never 
seen  there.  The  snail  is  so  slow  a  traveller  that  it 
will  probably  require  manv  centuries  before  he 
makes  the  tour  of  the  island.5' 

I  cannot  say  that  snails  strike  me  as  being 
a  very  delightful  item  of  a  menu.  I  ventured 
on  them  when  travelling  in  Burgundy,  and 
was  disappointed  that,  instead  of  being 
tender,  glutinous  morsels,  they  proved  to  be 
tough,  tasteless,  and  uninteresting,  Frogs 
are  excellent — one  is  led  to  wish  that  they 
had  more  flesh  on  their  little  bones — but 
snails  need  deeper  gustatory  culture  than 
is  mine.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

MOTORISTS  AS  FAIRIES. — The  following 
is  an  extract  from  "  La  Vie  et  la  Mort  des 
Fees  :  Essai  d'Histoire  litteraire.  Par  Lucie 
J'elix-Faure-Goyau.  Paris,  Perrin  &  Cie., 
1910 "  ;  and  seems  to  me  sufficiently 
interesting,  from  a  folk-lore  point  of  view, 
to  be  put  on  record  : — 

"The  peasants  in  certain  districts  of  Brittany 
willingly  state  that  the  nineteenth  century  was  an 
invisible  century,  but  that  the  twentieth  will  be  a 
visible  century,  that  is  to  say  a  century  wherein  the 
fairies  and  sprites  will  again  show  themselves  to 
mankind.  The  first  motor-cars  that  they  saw 
•caused  them  to  believe  that  the  prophecy  was  ful- 
filled. They  took  the  motorists  for  fairies  revisiting 
their  old  domains." 

FRANK   SCHLOESSER. 

ST.  S  WITHIN' s  TRIBUTE  AT  OLD  NESTON, 
HUNTS. — The  following  is  taken  from  The 
Daily  Telegraph  of  19  July,  and  deserves, 
I  think,  a  place  also  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  : — 

"ST.  SWITHIN'S  TRIBUTE.— A  curious  custom 
which  has  existed  at  Old  Neston,  Hunts,  from  time 
immemorial,  has  again  been  observed.  The  church 
is  dedicated  to  St.  Swithin,  and  on  the  Sunday 
nearest  to  St.  Swithin's  Day  the  edifice  is  strewn 
with  new-mown  hay.  The  tradition  is  that  an  old 
lady  bequeathed  a  field  for  charitable  purposes  on 
condition  that  the  tenant  provided  the  hay  to  lessen 
the  annoyance  caused  by  the  squeaking  of  the  new 
boots  sported  by  the  villagers  on  Feast  Sunday. 
Ihere  are  two  other  explanations  :  one  that  it  is 
an  offering  of  the  first  fruits  of  the  hay  harvest,  and 
another  that  it  is  a  survival  of  the  custom  of  strew- 
ing the  church— when  the  floor  was  only  beaten 
earth— with  rushes,  these  being  renewed  on  the 
festival  Sunday.  The  custom  is  also  observed  at 
Olenfield-cum-Branstone,  Leicester." 

TOM  JONES. 

PETER  GORDON,  EXPLORER. — At  10  S.  iii. 
283,  324,  I  dealt  with  the  curious  explorer 
who  sailed  from  Calcutta  to  Okhotsk  in  a 
little  65-ton  schooner,  travelled  through 
Persia,  and  fought  the  Indian  Government 


in  the  House  of  Lords.  After  many  years  of 
search  I  have  just  discovered  that  he  was 
the  son  of  Capt.  Peter  Gordon  of  the  extra 
E.I.C.  ship  Wellesley,  who  was  a  brother  of 
the  Rev.  William  Gordon  of  Elgin,  and  a 
cadet  of  the  Cairnfield  Gordons. 

J.  M.  BULLOCH. 
118,  Pall  Mall,  S.W. 

"  CHEMINEAU."- — This  French  slang  word 
is  mentioned  at  11  S.  i.  494,  s.v.  "  Cheminots." 
There  is  a  good  example  of  its  meaning  in 
a  short  story,  'Le  Chemineau,*  by  Jean 
Florae,  in  the  paper  called  Fin  de  Siecle  of 
29  Mai,  1904  :— 

"J'aime    trop    mon    ind^pendance    pour   rester 

longtemps  dans   le   meme   endroit Je  suis  un 

chemineau  ;  ca  dit  tout,  n'est-ce  pas  ?  Je  dois  avoir 

dans  les  veines  du  sang  bohemien il  faut  que  je 

marche que  je  marche  toujours que  je  marche 

encore." 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

VESTRIS  FAMILY. — A  good  history  of  the 
Vestris  family,  so  far  as  their  English  careers 
are  concerned,  would  make  an  interesting 
and  diverting  book.  I  have  transcribed  the 
following  three  paragraphs  from  The  Morning 
Post  of  1781,  which  seem  worth  reprinting  :— 

"  Madame  de  Polignac  has  obtained  leave  of  the 
French  King  for  the  Vestris  to  remain  not  only  one 
month  longer  in  England,  but  for  ever  if  they 
like  it.  It  is  added  that  when  the  French  King 
was  petitioned  on  this  occasion  he  made  the  follow- 
ing sensible  answer :  '  1  wish  the  King  of  Great 
Britain  would  rid  my  kingdom  of  the  numberless 
capering  drones  that  infest  it.'  "—June  9. 

"  Yesterday,  about  one  o'clock  in  the  morning, 
both  the  Vestris  were  admitted  members  of  the 
Royal  Society,  when  they  presented  three  new 
capers  as  specimens  of  the  sublimity  of  their  new 
genius,  and  Signer  Bartolozzi  is  engaged  to  engrave 
them  for  the  next  volume  of  the  Philosophical 
Transactions" — Ibid. 

"  Mr.  Lee  Lewis  of  the  Co  vent  Garden  Theatre 
sets  off  for  Paris  on  Wednesday  in  company  with 
the  two  Vestris."— J  uly  3. 

W.  ROBERTS. 

EARLY  PRINTING  IN  EUROPE  AND  ELSE- 
WHERE.— Information  about  the  history  of 
printing    in    an    unexpected    and    unlikely 
publication  may  well  be  noted  in  *  N.  &  Q.' 
for    bibliographical    purposes.     In    looking 
through    some    old    volumes    of    Nouvelles 
Annales  des  Voyages,  a  French  geographic* 
monthly  magazine,  I  recently  came  across 
series  of  notes  on  the  beginnings  of  printing 
in  various  countries,  arranged  alphabetically 
under  towns.     The  notes  on  early  printing  ii 
European  towns  are  in  the  volumes  for  1 
tome  iii.  pp.  129-70  ;   1842,  iv.  129  sq.  ;   1843 
i.  129  sq.  ;    1843,  ii.  79-114.     For  printing  ii 


n  s.  ii.  A™,  is,  1910.)       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


127 


towns   outside    of    Europe    see  idem,   1842 
i.  5-53.    I  have  not  tested  the  value  of  these 
notes,   though   I  saw  that   several   English 
provincial  towrjjs  were  included. 

The  Nouvelles  Annales  are  in  the  library 
of  the  Royal  Geographical  Society,  1,  Savile 
Row,  W.,  where,  no  doubt,  inquirers  would 
be  allowed  to  consult  them. 

FREDK.  A.  EDWARDS. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


COL.  T.  CONDON  :  CAPT.  T.  MELLISH. — 
Who  was  the  second  wife  of  Col.  Thomas 
Condon  (b.  1692,  d.  1759),  of  Willerby,  Kiln- 
wick,  and  York,  who  was  Sheriff  of  York  in 
1733  ?  When  were  they  married  ?  The 
wife's  first  name  was  Elizabeth,  and  they  had 
one  son  Thomas — both  named  in  Col. 
Condon's  will  made  in  1749.  His  first  wife 
was  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Charles  Mellish, 
Esq.,  of  Ragnal,  Notts.  There  was  one  son  of 
this  marriage,  Charles,  who  took  the  name 
of  Mellish,  and  whose  daughter  Mary  was 
married  in  1787  to  Hugh,  13th  Lord  Sempill. 
Col.  Condon's  son  Thomas  also  took  the  name 
of  Mellish,  entered  the  Army  as  lieutenant 
in  1761,  and  was  subsequently  known  as 
Capt.  Mellish.  When  and  where  was  he 
born,  and  when  did  he  die  ?  He  was, 
according  to  half -pay  lists,  alive  in  1794. 

R.  C.  ARCHIBALD. 
Brown  University,  Providence,  Rhode  Island. 

SOISSONS  CATHEDRAL  :  GREEN  VEST- 
MENTS AT  EASTER. — Signora  Costantini, 
writing  in  the  July  number  of  The  Reunion 
Magazine  on  the  symbolism  ana  colours  of 
church  vestments,  says  :  k '  It  is  curious  to 

note that  green  is  used  instead  of  white 

on  Easter  at  Soissons  Cathedral."     May  I 
inquire  of  your  readers  the  reason  for  this 

UBoage  ?  SCANNELL    O'NEILL. 

Society  of  the  Divine  Word,  Techny,  Illinois. 

SARK  BIBLIOGRAPHY.— I  am  endeavour- 
ing to  compile  a  list  of  books,  magazine 
articles,  &c.,  dealing  with  Sark,  and  should 
welcome  any  corrections  in,  or  additions  to, 

my  present  list,  which  is  as  follows  • 

'  Carette  of  Sark''  The  Maid  of  the  Silver  Sea,' and 

nf£r  v^  KW  J*iand'  2Uoby  John  Oxenham  and 
published  by  Hodder  and  Stoughton. 


'  Dearlove,'  by  Frances  Campbell  (?  publisher.) 

'  Cavern  of  Laments,'  by  Catherine  E.  Mallardaine, 
published  by  John  Long. 

'The  Doctor's  Dilemma'  (?  by  Hesba  Stretton ; 
?  publisher.) 

'  Legends  of  Normandy'  (? author  ;  ? publisher.) 

'  Saut  Juan '  (?  author ;  ? publisher.) 

'  Sark  Girl'  (? authoress ;  ?  publisher.) 

Another  work  by  the  same  authoress. 

'  The  King's  Dues '  (?  author ;  ?  publisher. ) 

'The  Island  of  Hoses,'  by  Capt.  T.  Preston 
Battersby,  published  by  the  Sunday  School  Union, 
London. 

'  The  Garden  of  Cymodoce,'  the  title  under  which 
'  The  Island  of  Roses '  was  originally  published. 

'  To  Pleasure  Madam '  (?  author ;  ?  publisher  ;  ?about 
Sark.) 

'  Toilers  of  the  Sea,'  by  Victor  Hugo,  contains 
occasional  references  to  Sark. 

Articles  about  Sark  are  said  to  have  appeared  in 
The  Badminton  Magazine  (about  1896)  and  The 
Idler  y  Wanted  exact  dates. 

The  Gentleman's  Magazine,  September,  1878,  pp.  273- 
87,  contains  an  article  by  the  Hon.  Roden  Noel, 
entitled  'Sark,  and  its  Caves.' 

The  Strand  Magazine,  January,  1896,  pp.  72-7,  con- 
tains an  illustrated  article  by  F.  Startin  Pilleau, 
entitled  '  How  I  visited  the  Gouliot  Caves.' 

Good  Words  (?  date ;  probably  about  1880),  pp.  112-19, 
contains  an  illustrated  article  by  Dr.  Charles 
Grindrod,  entitled  'The  Caves  and  Rocks  of 
Berk.' 

An  early  number  of  The  Yellow  Book  (?  date)  con- 
tains a  short  story  relating  the  remorse  suffered 
by  a  man  who  thought  he  had  murdered  a  com- 
panion by  pushing  him  over  a  cliff.  I  am  told 
that  the  scene  is  laid  in  Little  Sark,  though  it  is 
not  named  (?  author  and  title). 

The  Guernsey  Magazine  for  1874,  1875,  and  1876,  con- 
tains numerous  articles  on  Sark,  its  history, 
geology,  customs,  &c.  These  were  written  by  the 
Rev.  J.  L.  V.  Cachemaille,  then  Vicar  of  Sark. 
Publisher,  F.  Clarke,  States  Arcade,  Market- 
place, Guernsey. 

'A  Guide  to  Sark,  with  Map,'  by  H.  Noel  Malan 
and  Frank  G.  Hume,  published  by  T.  B.  Banks 
&  Co.,  Guernsey. 

'A  Souvenir  of  Sark.'  Printers  and  Publishers, 
Alexander  Matthews  &  Co.  for  the  Hotel  Bel 
Air,  Sark. 

'A  Hobble  through  the  Channel  Islands  in  1858,' 
by  Edward  T.  Gastineau,  published  1860  by 
Charles  Westertou,  London.  Pp.  12,  13,  156-66. 

The     following     also     contain   historical 
references  to  Sark  : — 

'Le  Cotentin  et  ses  iles,'  by  Gustav  Du  Pont, 
Counsellor  of  the  Court  of  Appeal,  Caen,  1870-73. 
Souvenirs  historiques  de  Guernsey,'  by  George 
Me"tivier. 

Recherches  sur  les  iles  du  Cotentin  en  general,' 
by  C.  de  Gerville,  1846. 
History  of  Guernsey,'  by  F.  B.  Tupper. 
The  Bulletins  of  the  Socie"te  Jersiaise. 
Please  reply  direct. 

CHAS.  A.  BERNAU. 
Walton-on-Thames. 


128 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  IL  AUG.  is,  1910. 


VISCOUNT  COURTENAY,  AFTER WABDS  EARL 
OF  DEVON  :  MOCK  COAT  OF  ARMS. — At  p.  49 
of  'The  Heraldry  of  Nature,1  1785,  the 
following  appears  : — 

C— ,  Viscount  C— . 
Arms.    A  set  of  bells. 
Supporters.    The  dexter,  Juno  Lucina ;  the  sinister, 

a  mocking  bird,  both  proper. 
Crest.    A  drum  proper. 
Motto.    Quantum,  eheu  !  sapere ! 

How  rare  a  thing  is  wisdom. 

A  contemporary  hand  has  filled  in  the 
blanks  with  the  narne  of  "  Courtney.11  At 
this  date  the  holder  of  the  title  was  William 
Courtenay,  the  3rd  Viscount,  afterwards 
Earl  of  Devon. 

I  should  be  much  obliged  for  information 
on  these  satirical  allusions. 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

[For  other  mock  coats  of  arms  see  11  S.  i.  146, 313, 
497 ;  ii.  59,  112.] 

SPEAKER'S  CHAIR  OF  THE  OLD  HOUSE  OF 
COMMONS. — In  reading  the  history  of  a  local 
Masonic  lodge  I  have  found  a  remarkable 
record  of  the  temporary  use  of  the  historic 
Speaker's  chair  of  the  old  House  of  Commons, 
on  the  occasion  of  the  visit  of  the  Duke  of 
Sussex  to  Sunderland  in  1839.  The  descrip- 
tive account  was  taken  from  a  London  news- 
paper, and  also  from  the  pages  of  a  Masonic 
publication,  whose  representative  came 
North  to  report  the  Royal  Duke's  proceed- 
ings. In  this  report  we  have  the  story  of 
the  celebrated  chair  : — 

"  After  having  been  led  into  the  room  by  the  Earl 
of  Durham,  His  Royal  Highness  rested  himself  for 
a  few  moments  in  a  commodious  chair  which  had 
been  provided  for  the  occasion,  and  which,  it  is 
reported,  was  formerly  the  Speaker's  chair  in  the 
old  House  of  Commons,  preserved  from  the  fire 
which  destroyed  the  two  Houses  of  Parliament  in 
1834.  This  curious  relic  was  purchased  by  a  pro- 
fessional man,  a  resident  in  Sunderland,  and  after- 
wards presented  by  him  to  the  Corporation." 

This  story  is  corroborated  by  the  local 
newspaper  in  its  report  of  the  ceremony  : — 

*'The  east  end  of  the  News  Room  of  the  Ex- 
change was  used  by  a  raised  platform,  in  the  centre 
of  which  was  placed,  for  the  use  of  the  Royal  Duke, 
'  the  awful  seat'  from  which  Sir  Charles  Manners 
Sutton  called  'Order!  Order!'  to  the  noisy  Com- 
moners of  England  in  Parliament  assembled." 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the  story  is  given 
without  any  reserve  or  doubt  as  to  the  chair 
being  the  real  seat  of  the  Speaker  of  the  old 
House  of  Commons  ;  yet  I  have  been  unable 
to  secure  any  personal  information  or 
municipal  record  of  such  a  chair  in  the 
borough.  I  shall  be  glad  if  any  of  the 
readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.s  can  give  information 
as  to  the  disposal  of  the  Speaker's  chair  after 


the  fire  at  the  old  Houses  of  Parliament  in 
1834.  On  the  occasion  of  the  Duke  of 
Sussex's  visit  to  Sunderland  on  a  Masonic 
mission,  the  well-known  antiquary  and 
historian,  Sir  Cuthbert  Sharp,  a  resident  in 
the  town,  was  Worshipful  Master  ot  the 
Palatine  Lodge,  and  Deputy  Provincial 
Grand  Master  of  the  Province  of  Durham 
Masonic  Lodges.  This  fact  gives  weight  to 
the  story  that  this  historic  chair  of  the  old 
Houses  of  Parliament  wag  used  on  the 
occasion.  JOHN  ROBINSON. 

Delaval  House,  Sunderland. 

CARTER  FAMILY. — Can  any  readers  kindly 
furnish  information  concerning  the  descen- 
dants of  John  and  William  Carter,  of 
Charlton  Abbotts,  co.  Glos.,  and  Brize 
Norton,  Oxon,  respectively  ?  They  were 
the  sons  of  John  Carter,  Esq.,  lord  of  the 
manors  of  Cold  Aston,  Charlton  Abbotts^ 
and  Nether  (or  Lower)  Swell  in  1608,  and 
High  Sheriff  of  Gloucestershire  for  1612. 
A  monument  to  their  elder  brother  Giles 
(who  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Sir  Paul 
Tracy,  and  died  without  progeny  in  1664) 
is  in  Cold  Aston  Church.  According  to 
Atkyns  (*  Present  State  of  Gloucestershire,? 
1712),  the  family  moved  into  Oxfordshire. 
The  estates  of  the  above  Giles  Carter  were 
sequestered  in  the  Great  Rebellion  for  968Z. 
The  granddaughter  of  William  Carter 
married,  previous  to  1727,  Sir  John 
D'Oyley,  Bt.  J.  J.  FOSTER. 

Offa  House,  Upper  Tooting,  S.W. 

ARCHDEACONS  OF  HEREFORD. — In  '  Fasti 
Ecclesiae  Anglicanae,*  Hardy,  MDCCCLIV.  vol.1, 
p.  481,  under  Hereford — Archdeacons,  occur 
the  following  entries  : — 

"  Robert   Crowley resigned  in    1567." 

"  Edward  Cowper,  collated  5th  April, 
1567." 

In  Gloucester  Diocesan  Registry  (Case  2] 
is  a  proxy  made  20  July,  1566,  in  the 
presence  of  Edward  Cooper,  Archdeacon  of 
the  Archdeaconry  oi  Hereford,  who  affixed 
his  official  seal  to  the  document.  Can  any 
correspondent  supply  the  correct  dates  ? 

F.    S.   HOCKADAY. 

Highbury,  Lydney. 

"  STAPLE  "  IN  PLACE-NAMES. — At  Staple- 
ford,  Nottinghamshire,  is  preserved  on  a  later 
base,  in  the  village  street,  opposite  the 
approach  to  the  church,  an  elaborately 
sculptured  pillar  or  cross,  of  Anglo -Saxon 
or  Danish  origin.  High  county  authorities 
are  of  opinion,  not  only  that  it  may  ante- 
date the  foundation  of  the  church  of  Staple- 


n  s.  ii.  AUG.  is,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


129 


ford,  but  moreover  that  it  even  furnishec 
a  name  for  the  village,  in  its  situation  by  th 
crossing  of  the  river  Erewash.  "  Stapol ' 
and  its  variants,  as  applied  to  a  pillar  o 
post,  and  as  represented  in  the  "  steeple  ' 
of  a  church,  are  sufficiently  familiar.  Wha 
it  would  be  interesting  to  learn  is  whethe 
remains  or  evidences  of  pre-Norman  pillar 
or  crosses  survive  in  others  of  the  seven 
Staplefords  and  seven  Stapletons  said  tc 
exist  in  England.  A.  STAPLE-TON. 

1  OLIVER  TWIST  *  ON  THE  STAGE  IN  1838. — 
Under  the  management  of  John  Braham,  at 
the  St.  James's  Theatre,  on  Tuesday 
27  March,  1838,  '  Oliver  Twist,*  founded  on 
"the  popular  tale  by  Boz,"  was  produced 
Who  was  the  adapter,  and  who  played  in  it 
As  Dickens's  original  burlettas  were  done  ai 
the  theatre  the  previous  ye"ar,  and  as  he 
always  had  an  idea  of  dramatizing  *  Oliver 
Twist *  himself,  is  it  possible  that  he  did  so  on 
this  occasion  ?  S.  J»  A.  F. 

H.  A.  MAJOR. — I  have  a  drama  in  three 
acts  by  H.  A.  Major,  called  *  The  Nondescript 
or,  Beauty  in  Ugliness.*  Where  can  I  find 
particulars  of  the  author  ?  There  is  no  date 
on  the  play,  which  was  printed  by  Taylor 
&  Co.,  10,  Little  Queen  Street,  Lincoln's  Inn 
Fields.  Major  was  a  *'  property-maker  and 
mask-moulder,11  and  he  wrote  over  twenty 
plays,  none  of  which  I  am  able  to  trace  as 
having  been  produced  anywhere. 

S.  J.  A.  F. 

SMOLLETT'S  'HISTORY  OF  ENGLAND.' — 
Smollett's  '  Continuation  of  Hume's  History 
of  England,1  embracing  the  period  from  1688 
to  1783,  was  published  in  eight  volumes  at 
Edinburgh  in  1791.  Smollett  died  in  1771  ; 
and  in  the  "  Advertisement  "  which  follows 
the  title-page  it  is  stated  that  six  of  the 
volumes  were  by  him — the  remaining  two 
being  by  "other  writers."  Is  it  known 
who  these  other  writers  were  ? 

I  have  always  understood  that  a  great- 
great-grand-uncle  of  mine,  the  Rev.  William 
Bisset  of  Horncastle,  a  native  of  Banff,  where 
he  died  in  1807,  aged  78,  assisted  Smollett 
with  his  portion  of  the  work,  but  in  reality 
he  may  have  been  one  of  the  "other 
writers."  JOHN  CHRISTIE. 

Edinburgh. 

REV.  THOMAS  CLARKE  OF  CHESHAM  Bois. 
-Can  any  one  give  me  particulars  of  the 
Rev.  Thomas  Clarke,  who  was  Rector  of 
Chesham  Bois,  Bucks,  from  1766  to  1793, 
and  who  is  buried  in  the  churchyard  of  that 
parish  ?  The  day  and  the  month  in  which 


he  died  are  not  recorded  on  his  tomb.  I 
shall  be  glad  to  know,  if  possible,  the  names 
of  his  parents,  his  birthplace,  the  date  of  his 
ordination,  and  any  other  preferment  he 
may  have  held  ;  also  his  wife's  maiden  name, 
and  how  many  children  they  had.  Two  are 
buried  in  the  vault  with  their  father  and 
mother :  Thomas,  who  died  20  March, 
1785,  aged  25  ;  and  Mary,  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  J.  H.  Swain,  who  died  in  July,  1786, 
aged  35.  The  widow's  Christian  name  was 
Anne  ;  she  died  12  January,  1810,  aged  80. 

L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 
Amershara. 

HORSES  STABLED  IN  CHURCHES  IN  1745-6, 
— I  have  heard  it  stated  that  the  churches 
of  Hooton-Pagnall,  near  Doncaster,  and  one 
of  those  at  Retford  in  Nottinghamshire,  were 
used  as  stables  when  the  army  of  the  Duke  of 
Cumberland  was  on  its  march  northward 
in  pursuit  of  the  Jacobite  forces.  Has  this 
been  proved  ?  K.  P.  D.  E. 

MAGAZINE  STORY  OF  A  DESERTER. — I  wish 
to  learn  in  what  magazine  appeared  a  story 
of  a  deserter  who  returned  to  his  village 
without  knowing  that  the  regiment  had  been 
ordered  home  from  abroad.  O.  H. 

AUTHORS     OF     QUOTATIONS    WANTED. — 
Whence  come  the  following  lines,  quoted  in 
hap.  ix.  Book  II.  of   'The  Last  Days  of 
Pompeii  *  ? 

Their  look,  with  the  reach  of  past  ages,  was  wise, 
A.nd  the  soul  of  eternity  thought  in  their  eyes. 

A.  J.  MITCHELL,  Major. 
Murree,  Punjab. 

In  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Warter's  posthumous 
work  'An  Old  Shropshire  Oak*  Sir  John 
Stuart  is  styled  "  Hero  of  the  plains  of 
Vtaida,"  apparently  a  quotation  from  some 
3oem.  I  thought  it  might  be  from  Sir 
Walter  Scott,  but  have  failed  to  trace  it  in  any 
f  his  works.  Will  one  of  your  readers 
dndly  direct  me  to  its  source  ? 

E.   L.   H.  TEW. 
Uphara  Rectory,  Southampton. 

ROYAL  SHIELD  OF  SCOTLAND. — Can  any 
f  your  readers  kindly  say  whether  the  lion 
ampant  gules  blazoned  on  the  royal  shield 
f  Scotland  was  derived  from  the  lion 
ampant  gules  depicted  on  the  flags  or 
>anners  of  some  of  the  Kings  and  Earls  of 
sTorthumbria  ?  SADI. 

HAWKES  FAMILY  IN  IRELAND. — I  should 
e  much  obliged  for  the  reference  to  any 
edigree  or  other  information  relating  to 
lawkes  of '  Kilcrea,  &c.,  co.  Cork.  John 


130 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  is,  1910. 


Hawkes    settled    in    Ireland    about     1630, 
if  I  am  not  mistaken.     The  family  are  said 
to     be     descended    from    Richard     Nevill, 
Earl  of  Warwick.     F.  M.  R.  HOLWOBTHY. 
Elsworth,  Tweedy  Road,  Bromley,  Kent. 

MINSTER  :  VERGER  v.  SACRISTAN. — I 
shall  be  glad  of  information  as  to  the 
derivation  of  the  term  "minster,11  as  it 
does  not  seem  in  some  cases  (for  instance, 
York)  to  have  the  connexion  with  monastic 
buildings  which  is  the  suggestion  generally 
given. 

I  also  desire  an  explanation  of  the  term 
"  verger "  as  distinct  from  the  sacristan 
of  Roman  Catholic  churches.  M.  L.  D. 

[The  'New  English  Dictionary'  gives  "minster" 
as  from  the  A.-S.  mynster,  and  the  earliest  meaning 
as  a  monastery,  the  first  quotation  being  from  Bede. 
The  second  definition  is  "The  church  of  a  mon- 
astery  also  applied  gen.  to  any  church  of  con- 
siderable size  or  importance,  esp.  a  collegiate  or 
cathedral  church."  The  last  quotation  under  this 
section  is  from  Leach's  '  Beverley  Church  Act  Book,' 
1898,  Introd.,  p.  34 :  "  The  word  minster  itself  is 
peculiarly  one  used  not  of  monasteries  but  oi 
secular  churches — York,  Beverley,  Ripon,  South- 
well, Lincoln,  Lichfield,  Wimborne,  these  are  the 

churches  to  which  the  title  of  minster  has  clung 

and  they   were  one  and  all  churches  of  secular 
canons."] 

"KiNGn  IN  PLACE-NAMES. — Can  any  one 
inform  me  of  the  meaning  of  the  word  King 
in  such  names  as  Kingsford,  Kingsmill 
Kingswood,  Kingsley,  &c.  ?  Does  it  ever 
imply  royal  ownership  ?  R.  C.  D. 

H.M.S.    AVENGER    was    a    steam    frigate 
mounting  six  guns,  with  a  crew  of  250  men 
She    sailed    from    Gibraltar    under    Capt 
G.  E.  Napier  on   17  December,    1847,  and 
on  the  20th  struck  the  Sorelle  Rocks,  where 
she    foundered.     Lieut.    Rooke,    six    men 
and  a  boy  managed  to  get  free  in  a  cutter 
but   four    of   them   were    drowned.     Lieut 
Rooke    and   the    three    others    after   mua 
suffering    reached    the  island  of  Galita  in 
safety.     I  should  be  glad  to  know  the  name 
of    the    lieutenants    and    midshipmen    wh 
lost  their  lives  in  this  disaster.       F.  K.  P. 

MOKE  FAMILY  OF  FLANDERS. — This  famil 
was  long  settled  at  Thourout  in  Flanders,  th 
earliest  recorded  member  being  Jan  Moke 
who  died  at  the  beginning  of  the  seventeent 
century.  It  is  said  the  family  cam 
originally  from  Wynendael,  and  I  shall  b 
glad  if  any  one  with  a  knowledge  of  Flemis 
families  can  tell  me  about  the  origin  of  th 
family  and  the  derivation  of  its  name. 

F.  A.  J. 


MILITARY    MUSTERS:    PARISH 

ARMOUR. 
(10  S.  xii.  422.) 

AMONG  the  collection  of  MS.  papers  temp. 

Elizabeth  extant  in  the  church  of  SS.  Anne 

and  Agnes,  Aldersgate,  are  numbered  three 

original  documents  relating  to  the  provision 

of    arms,    which,    as    being    contemporary 

ecords  of  the  Armada  period,  may  be  of 

ufficient   general   interest   to   justify   their 

nsertion  in  the  columns  of  '  N.  &  Q.* 

1.  By  the  first  John  Colleye,  constable  of 
the    parish,    acknowledges    the    receipt    of 

.7s.  Qd.  from  the  upper  churchwarden,  "  for 
ihat  he  layd  out  aboaut  [sic]  the  soyldiers 
Jurny  twice  according  to  the  presept  from 
my  lord  mayor  "  : — 

This  is  John  Colly  [*tc]  the  Constables  bill : 
For  prest  moneye,  iiij8 
For  iij  girdles,  ij8 
For  a  leather  for  a  muskett,  iiijd 
For  a  Scottish  Capp,  xvjd 
For  a  sword,  iiij8  iiijd 
Paied  to  thre  solders  for  ij  dayes,  viz.  one  day  iiij,d 

&  the  other  daye  vjd  a  pece,  ij8  vjd 
For  a  pike  wch  was  cast  in  the  feild  by  the  Cap- 
tayne,  iij8 

Some  is  xvij8  vjd 

2.  By     the     second     document     William 
Hop  ton,     armourer,     acknowledges    a    sum 
of  51.   6$.  which  he  has  received  from  the 
wardens  "  for  armor,11  his  account  running 
thus : — 

This  is  William  Hopton,  Armorer,  his  bill : 
Bought  ye  Corslettes  at  the  price  of  iiju 
For  ij  swordes  &  ij  daggers,  xiij8 
For  the  lynning  of  ij  hedpeeces,  xijd 
For  one  picke  [sic]  armed,  iiij8  vjd> 
For  a  muskett  &  the  furniture  to  it,  xxvij8  vjd 
Som'a  is  vu  o8  vjd 

3.  The  third  record  apparently  consists 
of  a  transcript  from  the  long-vanished  vestry 
minute-book  of  the  period  : — 

"  Delivered  to  the  Churchwardens  for  somqch  [sic] 
collected  of  the  p'ishioners  towarde  the  furniture  of 
Arms  win  saied  wch  was  com'anded  to  be  had  & 
provided  in  this  p'ish  by  p'cept  fro  the  Maior  about 
the  beginning  of  this  moneth  &  the  latter  end  of 
the  moneth  before,  viz.  Marche,  And  for  as  mud 
as  the  for  said  arms  was  p'vided  and  the  soldie 
went  not  forth  but  were  discharged,  &  that  tl 
contributions  of  the  p'ish  collected  amounted  not 
the  full  discharge  &  paym4  of  the  said  Armorer 
was  agreed  this  daie,   that  the  Church  warder 
shold  disbursse  the  rest  of  the  money  wch  the  sai 
Arms  amounted  to,  &  to  take  the  same  Arms 
to  p'serve  the  same  to  the  use  of  the  p'ish,  &  the 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  is,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


131 


to  be  allowed  the  surplus  laid  out  by  them  at  their 
accompb. 

Agreed  on  by  Mr  Harvey  &  Mr  Jarvis,  Church 
Wardens ;  Mr  Stevens,  Mr  Gale,  Mr  Johnson  &  Mr 
Goodere.  Tho.  Bedford,  scr[ivener]." 

The  date  of  the  last  document  is  20  April, 
1589,  the  two  others  (which  are  engrossed 
upon  its  reverse  side  as  regards  the  specifica- 
tions, the  actual  receipts  being  on  separate 
slips,  whence  the  reference  to  "  three  docu- 
ments ")  being  dated  the  day  previous. 

WILLIAM  MCMUBRAY. 


"  STORM  IN  A  TEACUP  '*  (11  S.  ii.  86).— 
I  am  sure  that  I  have  met  with  this  phrase 
far  earlier  than  1872.  I  should  be  surprised 
it  it  did  not  occur  as  early  as  the  time  of 
Bolingbroke ;  indeed,  I  think  he  used  it,  but 
cannot  verify  my  opinion,  as»I  have  not  a 
copy  of  his  works  near  at  hand.  Whenever 
it  was  used  for  the  first  time,  it  is  almost 
certain  to  have  been  a  free  translation  of 
Cicero's  "  excitare  fluctus  in  simpulo.'* 

ASTARTE. 

Athenseus,  the  grammarian  of  Naucratis, 
A.D.  230,  in  his  '  Deipnosophistfe  '  represents 
the  flute-player  DorionridiculingTimotheos, 
a  virtuoso  on  the  zither,  who  wished  to 
imitate  a  storm  at  sea  on  his  instrument  : 
"  I  have  heard  a  greater  storm  in  a  boiling 
pot "  (viii.  19). 

J.   HOLDEN  MACMlCHAEL. 

MYDDELTON  :  "  DREF  "  :  "  PLAS  "  (11  S. 
i.  329). — The  present  meaning  of  the  Welsh 
"  tref  "  (pr.  trave)  is  the  same  as  the  present 
meaning  of  the  English  "town,"-  and  both 
are  used  alike  in  place-names.  "  Tre- 
forus,"  for  instance,  is  the  exact  equivalent 
of  "  Morris-ton."  In  place-names  and  in 
ordinary  speech  the  /  is  often  dropped,  as 
in  "Tre-fach"  (Little-ton),  "  Tre-fran " 
(Crow-ton),  "  Tre-herbert "  (Herbert's  Town), 
and  "  Tre-madoc  "  (Madoc's  Town).  The  / 
is  retained  in  "  Tref-eglwys "  (Church- 
town),"  Tref -garn  "  (Cairn-ton),"  Tref -nant  " 
(the  tun  of  the  hollow),  &c. 

In  all  these  examples  the  adjective  or 
possessive  follows  the  noun,  as  it  generally 
does.  Numerals  are  an  exception,  "  can- 
tref"-  (not  "  cantre#  ")  being  "  cant-tref," 
a  hundred  (literally  a  hundred  tuns). 

Some  compound  words  also  present 
exceptions.  Thus  "y  tir  canol Ft  (the 
middle  land)  becomes  in  composition  "y 
Canol-dir  "  (the  Mediterranean). 

In  full  "  the  middle  town  "  would  be  "  y 
dref  ganol,"  and  "  the  middle  of  the  town  " 
would  be  "  canol  y  dref."  I  know  a  village 


which  has  two  farms,  "  Canol-dre "  and 
"  Pen-isha'r-dre  "  (the  middle  and  the  lower 
end  of  the  village). 

"  Plas  "  means  a  palace,  mansion,  hall, 
not  a  place.  There  is  no  connexion  between 
it  and  "tref."-  "Plas  Canol"  means  the 
middle  mansion.  DAVID  SALMON. 

Swansea. 

The  radical  form  is  not  "dref,'1  but 
"tref,'J  "  dref  "  being  merely  the  lenation 
of  this.  "  Canoldref  ri  is  a  perfectly  correct 
form,  "  tref  "  lenating  to  "  dref  "  in  accord- 
ance with  the  rule  (adjective  preceding  the 
noun).  There  are  several  words  of  this  form 
in  Welsh,  e.g.,  "  canoldir,"  midland ; 
"  canolfor,"  Mediterranean  Sea.  William 
Myddelton  is  called  by  Gweirydd  ap  Rhys  in 
his  '  Hanes  Llenyddiaeth  Cymreig  '  ( '  His- 
tory of  Welsh  Literature  '),  p.  330,  "  Gwilym 
Ganoldref"  (not  "  Canol-dref,"  the  word 
being  treated  as  an  epithet,  and  lenated 
accordingly).  Whether  any  place  is  actually 
called  "  canoldref "  where  in  English  it 
would  be  "  Middleton,"  or  whether  William 
Myddelton's  name  is  an  invented  bardic 
name  only,  I  am  unable  to  say. 

Where  does  "  Cantref  "  occur  as  a  place- 
name  ?  It  seems  a  curious  name.  The 
word  signifies,  as  MR.  MYDDELTON  says, 
a  territorial  division,  "  hundred." 

"  Tref  "  and  "  Plas  "  are  quite  distinct 
in  meaning.  The  former  signifies  a  home- 
stead, and  then  a  town,  like  tun  ;  the  latter, 
a  palace,  hall.  "  Plas  Canol "  therefore 
could  not  be  equivalent  to  "  Canoldref." 
For  other  instances  of  "tref"  as  a  suffix 
cf.  "hendref  "  (old  homestead,  winter  dwel- 
ling, as  opposed  to  "  hafotty,"  summer 
dwelling),  &c.  H.  I.  B. 

According  to  Owen  Pughe's  Welsh- 
English  dictionary  of  1832,  "  tref  "  means  in 
Welsh  a  dwelling-place,  homestead,  town : 
' '  As  the  name  of  a  single  house,  it  answers 
to  the  English  ham.  The  adage  is  quoted, 
f.i.,  '  Nid  tref  ond  nef,1  there  is  no  dwelling- 
place  but  heaven."  Al.  Macbain,  in  his 
Gaelic  etymological  dictionary,  identifies 
Cymric  or  Welsh  "  tref,"  a  homestead,  in  its 
origin  with  Old  Irish  treb,  a  dwelling,  and 
with  Latin  tribus,  trebus,  a  tribe,  connecting 
it  also  with  Eng.  thorp. 

"  Plas  "  is  defined  by  O.  Pught>,  I.e.,  as  a 
large  edifice  or  hall,  and  may  be  probably 
akin  to  Latin  palatiu~n,  regarded,  primitively, 
as  a  place  where  cattle  feed.  During  my 
stay  at  Llaneilian,  near  Amlwch,  in  Ynys 
Mon  (or  Anglesey),  with  a  Cymric  farmer 
at  his  newly  built  house,  I  remember  his  old 


132 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  IL  AUG.  13, 1910. 


farm-house  with  cattle-sheds,  situated  in 
the  neighbourhood,  used  to  be  called  by  him 
"  Plas." 

In  answer  to  the  question,  "Is  *  Gwilym 
Canoldref '  good  Welsh  ?  "  I  am  told  by  a 
native  Cymric  friend  that  it  correctly  renders 
"William  Middleton."  In  answer  to  the 
further  question,  "Is  there  a  difference  in 
signification  between  *  tref "  and  *  plas  *  ?  " 
I  learn  from  the  same  source  that  nowadays 
"  tref  "  commonly  denotes  a  number  of 
houses,  village,  or  town,  and  "  plas "  a 
single  abode  or  mansion.  Thus,  for  instance, 
the  name  given  to  a  Welsh  private  residence 
is  "Plas  y  Derwen,"  i.e.,  Oakham.  But 
"  tref,"  when  used  in  the  compound  noun 
"  Car -tref  "  (cara  tribus),  is  also  applied  to 
denote  a  single  dwelling-place,  or  home. 
This  name  is  frequently  met  with  as  that  of 
a  Cymric  house  (cf.  Owen  Pughe,  I.e.). 

H.  KBEBS. 

"  Canoldref "  is  an  exact  translation  of 
"Middletun."  William  Middleton  used  the 
name  "  Gwilym  Canoldref  "  himself,  and  it 
was  the  name  generally  used  by  his  Welsh 
bardic  contemporaries.  As  a  general  rule  in 
Welsh,  when  an  adjective,  or  a  noun  used 
as  an  adjective,  is  connected  with  another 
noun,  the  adjective  follows  the  noun,  thus 
"Tref  Ganol,11  the  Middle  Town;  "Tref 
Newydd,"  New  Town  ;  but  when  the  words 
are  formed  into  one  compound  the  adjec- 
tive leads,  as  in  "  Hendref  or  Hendre,'1  a 
very  common  place-name  in  Wales,  meaning 
the  Old  Town  or  homestead. 

As  to  the  difference  between  "  tref  n  and 
"  plas,"  the  latter  invariably  means  a 
palace,  so  Plas  Canol  means  the  Middle 
Palace,  there  being  in  the  same  neighbour- 
hood a  Plas  Uchaf  (Higher  or  Upper  Palace) 
and  Plas  Isaf  (Lower  Palace).  D.  M.  R. 

The  Plas  Heaton  mentioned  in  the  query 
is  the  seat  of  the  old  family  of  that  name  ; 
so  also  Plas  Clough  and  Plas  Pigot  are  or 
were  the  residences  of  the  ancient  families 
of  those  names,  all  in  or  near  Denbigh. 

DENBIGHITE. 
[H.  P.  L.  also  thanked  for  reply.]  • 

AMERICAN  WORDS  AND  PHRASES  (11  S.  ii. 
67). — MR.  THORNTON  mentions  "  pikery," 
and  adds  ' '  Something  bitter  ;  but  what  ?  " 
This  is  our  old  friend  hiera  picra,  the  name 
of  which  has  had  many  corrupt  variations. 
It  was  in  the  '  London  Pharmacopoeia,1  being 
composed  of  gum  extracted  from  socotrine 
aloes,  and  Canella  alba.  In  the  '  Edin- 
burgh Pharmacopoeia,1  instead  of  the  Canella 


alba,  ginger  and  Virginian  snake-root  were 
employed.  It  is  about  as  nauseous  a  mixture 
as  could  be  desired.  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

"  Prickly -heat  "  is  an  expression  I  have 
often  heard  here.  Is  it  an  Americanism  ? 

R.  B— R. 
South  Shields. 

['  N.E.D.'  quotes  it  in  1736  from  Wesley.] 

"TILLEUL"  (11  S,  ii.  47,  93).— They  say 
in  Vienne  "  La  fille  qui  aime  la  tisane  de 
tilleul  aura  un  beau  mari.'*  I  do  not  know 
whether  faith  in  lime-tea  be  held  on  this  side 
of  the  Channel,  though  my  '  Family  Herbal l 
mentions  the  utility  of  a  decoction  or  in- 
fusion of  the  flowers  for  asthma  and  for 
coughs,  while  the  powdered  leaves,  taken  in 
treacle  or  in  tea,  are  recommended  in  some 
cases  of  inflammation.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

"  Un  tilleul  "  is  a  common  drink  in  some 
parts  of  France,  e.g.,  at  Lyons.  The  same 
"  tea  "  is  also  well  known  in  Germany  under 
the  name  of  "  Lindenblume."  It  is  some- 
what tasteless,  but  not  at  all  unpleasant. 

H.  K. 

BEN  JONSON  (11  S.  ii.  67). — 

'"Slight!  fed  with  it,  the  whoreson  strummel, 
patched,  goggle-eyed  grumbledories,  would  have 
gigantomachized."  —  '  Every  Man  out  of  His 
Humour,'  V.  iv. 

Patched  =  long  dishevelled -haired. 

Grumbledories = possibly  compounded  of 
"grumble"  and  "dor"  (beetle),  meaning 
cheat  or  fool. 

See  '  Ben  Jonson,1  vol.  i.  p.  241  (ed.  Dr. 
Brinsley  Nicholson),  "Mermaid  Series.'1 
A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

SIR  WILLIAM  GODBOLD  :  EARTHQUAKE  IN 
ITALY  IN  1654  (US.  ii.  64).— With  reference 
to  the  earthquake,  is  it  possible  that  the  letter 
reads  "  2 — 3rd  Instant  at  midnight,"  i.e., 
the  midnight  between  the  2nd  and  3rd  of 
July,  1654,  and  not  the  23rd,  as  Mr.  H.  J. 
GODBOLD  prints  it  ?  On  the  former  date 
there  was  a  terrible  earthquake,  which  is 
mentioned  by  Marcello  Bonito  in  his  '  Terra 
Tremante,1  Naples,  1691,  lib.  x.  p.  781  :— 

"'Nell'  anno  1654,  per  un  gagliardo  Terremoto 
la  gik  detta  Chiesa  cadde,  onde  di  nuovo  nell'  anno 
1682,  si  &  dato  principio  a  ristorarla.'  [This  is  a 
quotation  from  'Descrit  d'Alvit,'  par.  i,  pag.  26.] 

"A  questo  accidente  allude  Athan.  Kircher, 
'Mund.  Subterr.,'  torn.  i.  lib.  4,  cap.  10,  §  2,  osser- 
vando  che  insorsero  i  spiriti  a'  2.  di  Luglio  di  quell' 
anno  nel  Territorio  della  Cittk  di  Sora  vicina  ad 
Alvito  con  le  cui  scosse  trem6  anche  Roma. 

"Reliqua  vero  vicina  Oppida  tremorem  quidem 
terrse  sentire,  at  non  nisi  ex  terrestrium  partium 
consensu,  ut  in  ingenti  Terremotu  in  agro  Sorano 


n  s.  ii.  AUG.  is,  1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


133 


2.  lulii  anno  1654.  exorto  contigit,  quo  vel  ipsam 
Roraam  fere  triduo  distantem  ex  consensu  contre- 
muisse  sentimus." 

This  is  the  only  earthquake  Marcello 
Bonito  mentions  for  1654. 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

NAMES  TERRIBLE  TO  CHILDREN  (10  S.  x. 
509;  xi.  53,  218,  356,  454;  xii.  53).— 

"Paul  Jones  is  known  as  a  rebel  and  a  pirate. 
Five-and-twenty  years  have  not  elapsed  since  the 
nurses  of  Scotland  hushed  their  crying  infants  by 
the  whisper  of  his  name." — Quoted  from  'Life  of 
Paul  Jones,'  London,  1825,  at  p.  170  of  '  Nelson,  and 
other  Naval  Studies,'  by  J.  R.  Thursfield,  and 
ascribed  to  Benjamin  Disraeli  (see  note  p.  195). 

The  following  is  not  such  a  plain  threat, 
though  it  has  been  referred  to  as  such  ; 
citing  it  here  may  lead  to  some  better 
example  to  the  same  effect  :— »• 

"  The  earliest  idea  I  had  of  Napoleon  was  that 
of  a  huge  ogre  or  giant,  with  one  large  flaming  red 
eye  in  the  middle  of  his  forehead,  and  1  .»ng  teeth 
protruding  from  his  mouth,  with  which  he  tore  to 
pieces  and  devoured  naughty  little  girls,  especially 
those  who  did  not  know  their  lessons."— P.  12  of 

"Recollections  of   the    Emperor   Napoleon by 

Mrs.  Abell,  late  Miss  Elizabeth  Balcombe/' 
London,  1844. 

ROCKINGHAM. 

Boston,  Mass. 

ANSGAR,  MASTER  OF  THE  HORSE  TO 
EDWARD  THE  CONFESSOR  (11  S.  i.  369  ;  ii.  73). 
— In  the  twelfth  century  it  was  believed, 
whether  rightly  or  wrongly,  that  Ansgar  (or 
Esegar)  had  been  preceded  in  his  office  of 
Staller  by  his  father  JSthelstan  and  his 
grandfather  Tovi  (or  Ton),  and  that  certain 
lands  were  attached  to  this  office.  This 
appears  from  a  passage  quoted  in  Round's 
'  Geoffrey  de  Mandeville  *  (p.  37)  from  the 
Waltham  Chronicle  : — 

"Cui  [Tovi]  successit  films  ejus  Adelstanus  pater 
Esegari  qui  stalra  inventus  est  in  Anglias  conquisi- 

one  a  Normannis Successit  quidem  Adelstanus 

patri  suo  Tovi,  non  in  totam  quidem  possessionem 
quam  possederat  pater,  sed  in  earn  tantum  quse 
pertmobat  ad  Stallariam." 

This  was  written  when  William  de  Mande- 
ville was  Earl  of  Essex,  i.e.,  1166-89. 

G.  H.  WHITE. 
Lowestoft. 

''YON11:  ITS  ITALIAN  EQUIVALENTS 
(11  S.  i.  43,  131,  254,  498).— The  modern  use 
of  codesto  or  cotesto  by  Tuscan  Italians  is 
not  to  denote  an  object  equally  distant  from 
both  speakers,  but  to  indicate  one  that  is 
nearer  to  the  person  spoken  to.  Petrocchi 
thus  defines  it :  "  Pronome  che  indica 
persona  o  cosa  vicina  o  relativa  alia  persona 
a  cui  si  parla  »  ('  Dizionario  italiano,'  vol.  i. 


p.  497).  In  Tuscany  codesto  is  really  used 
in  this  sense  ;  but  it  may  not  be  so  in  all 
parts  of  Italy.  Iste  in  Latin  has  surely  the 
same  meaning.  M.  HAULTMONT. 

J.  FABER  (11  S.  ii.  69).— There  were  two 
artists  by  the  name  of  J.  Faber,  father  and 
son,  and  each  of  them  called  John. 

John  Faber  the  elder  was  born  in  Holland, 
where  he  acquired  a  knowledge  of  the  art  of 
mezzotinto  engraving.  Subsequently  he 
came  to  England,  and  died  at  Bristol  in 
May,  1721. 

The  younger  John  obtained  a  high  reputa- 
tion as  an  engraver  in  mezzotinto.  He  lived 
in  London,  where  he  is  believed  to  have 
died  in  1756. 

Both  father  and  son  are,  however,  too  early 
for  MR.  ANSCOMBE'S  date. 

L.   H.   CHAMBERS. 
Amersham. 

Snt  MATTHEW  PHILIP,  MAYOR  OF  LONDON  : 
SPROTT'S  CHRONICLE  (11  S.  ii.  24,  73,  94).— 
Sprott  the  chronicler  lived  in  the  thirteenth 
century,  and  certainly  did  not  record  events 
which  happened  nearly  two  centuries  after 
he  ceased  to  write.  All  we  know  of  the  docu- 
ment from  which  MR.  JOHN  HODGKIN  quotes 
with  the  preface  "  Sprott  writes  "  is  that 
it  is  bound  in  the  same  volume  with  Sprott's 
Chronicle,  and  that  its  editor,  Thomas 
Hearne,  says  (p.  xl)  that  he  received  the 
document  from  which  it  is  printed  at  the 
hands  of  a  learned  friend  ("reperi  in  codice 
MS.  vetusto  mihi  porrecto  at  amico  per- 
erudito  IJ).  MR.  HODGKIN'S  identification  of 
the  anonymous  chronicler  with  Sprott  is 
therefore  manifestly  out  of  court. 

Fabyan  did  not  write  that  John  Stone 
was  Mayor  in  1465.  This  is  a  misreading 
on  the  part  of  MR.  HODGKIN.  Stone  was 
Sheriff  in  that  year,  but  he  was  never  either 
Mayor  or  Alderman. 

As  to  the  value  of  MR.  HODGKIN'S 
authorities,  no  competent  scholar  would 
accept  Fabyan  as  infallible  in  matters  of 
minute  detail,  and  we  have  no  data  for 
estimating  the  value  of  the  document  which 
MR.  HODGKIN  erroneously  attributes  to 
Sprott.  But  Gregory  not  only  was  a  con- 
temporary of  Philip,  but  had  also  been  his 
colleague  as  an  alderman,  and  he  expressly 
states  that  no  other  citizens  than  the  five  he 
names  were  made  Knights  of  the  Bath  in 
1465. 

We  have  material  for  testing  the  respective 
statements  of  Gregory  and  Fabyan. 

Gregory  gives  five  names — Wyche,  Coke, 
Gosselyn,  Plomer,  Whafyr. 


134 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  13,1910. 


Fabyan  gives  four — Cook,  Philip,  Jos- 
selyne,  Wauyr. 

The  anonymous  chronicler  agrees  with 
JFabyan  (even  in  the  order)  except  for 
orthographic  variations. 

It  will  be  seen  that  Gregory  omits  Philip, 
and  the  others  omit  Plomer  and  Coke. 

I  need  not  trouble  *N.  &  Q.5  with  proofs  in 
the  case  of  the  three  names  common  to  both 
lists,  though  I  have  them  before  me.  With 
regard  to  Wyche,  he  is  described  as  "  miles," 
21  July,  1468  (Guildhall  Records,  Journal  7, 
fo.  175  b).  So  also  Plomer  is  called  "  miles  " 
4  February,  1468  (Husting  Roll  197  (26)  ), 
and  4  July,  1468  (Journal  7,  fo.  175). 

On  the  other  hand,  Philip  is  not  described 
as  "miles"-  in  any  record  at  Guildhall 
earlier  than  1471,  and  moreover  in  Husting 
Roll  198  (20),  under  date  20  June,  1468, 
lie  is  described  as  "  Aldermannus  "  simply, 
without  the  addition  of  "  miles,"  which  is 
invariably  found,  where  it  is  applicable,  in 
Husting  Roll  entries. 

The  monumental  inscription  on  Philip's 
wife  (date  1470)  which  MB.  PINK  has  quoted 
•confirms  my  inference  from  the  Guildhall 
records.  ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 

See  'Memorials  of  Herne,  Kent'  (4th  ed., 
1887),  by  the  Rev.  J.  R.  Buchanan,  pp.  6, 
.33,  40-41,  61.  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

In  his  reply  at  the  last  of  the  above 
references  MB.  W.  D.  PINK  writes  :  "I 
know  of  no  case  in  which  the  same  man 
received  the  accolade  twice.'1  My  ancestor, 
Sir  John  Dethick,  Kt.,  Lord  Mayor  of 
London  1655-6,  was  knighted  by  Oliver 
Cromwell  on  15  September,  1656,  and  again 
by  Charles  II.  on  13  April,  1661. 

FBANCIS  H.  RELTON. 

9,  Broughton  Road,  Thornton  Heath. 

'  REVEBBEBATIONS  '  :  WM.  DA  VIES  (US. 
ii.  68,  111). — The  author  was  Wathen  Mark 
Wilks  Call  (1817-1890),  B.A.  1842,  M.A. 
1846  of  Cambridge,  entered  Holy  Orders  in 
1843,  but  withdrew  in  1856  from  the  service 
of  the  Church,  on  conscientious  grounds. 
He  wrote  in  The  Leader  under  G.  H.  Lewes, 
and  in  the  Westminster  and  Theological 
Reviews,  and  later  in  The  Fortnightly.  He 
seems  to  have  published  only  three  volumes 
of  poems,  one  of  which  was  '  Reverberations.' 
Unfortunately,  in  a  reissue  of  this  book  he 
inserted  a  long  prose  introduction  (explain- 
ing his  reason  for  retiring  from  the  ministry 
of  the  Church  of  England),  which  was  quite 
out  of  keeping  with  the  poems  following  it. 


Mr.  W.  Davies,  mentioned  by  the  querist, 
was  undoubtedly  a  friend  of  D.  G.  Rossetti's, 
as  may  be  proved  on  reference  to  '  D.  G. 
Rossetti,  Letters  and  Memoir,'  edited  by 
W.  M.  Rossetti,  1895.  R.  A.  POTTS. 

The  book  was  written  by  W.  M.  W.  Call 
(1817-1890),  of  whom  there  is  a  notice  in 
Boase's  '  Modern  English  Biography,'  iv.  580. 

C.  W.  S. 

Wathen  Mark  Wilks  Call,  the  author, 
died  on  20  August,  1890,  aged  73.  See 
Athenceum,  30  August,  1890,  p.  288. 

C.   D. 

CHBISTOPHEB  MOOBE,  REMEMBBANCEB  TO 
HENBY  VIII.  (US.  ii.  88).— H.  A.  refers 
probably  to  Sir  Christopher  More,  the  founder 
of  the  Mores  of  Loseley  in  Surrey,  a  son  of 
John  More  or  Moore  of  Norton  in  Derby- 
shire. He  held  the  office  of  King's  Remem- 
brancer of  the  Exchequer  to  Henry  VIII., 
and  acquired  by  purchase  the  Manor  of 
Loseley,  where  he  and  his  descendants 
afterwards  settled.  He  was  Sheriff  of  Sussex 
and  Surrey  in  1532-3  and  1539-40  ; 
knighted  after  November,  1538,  probably 
about  1540  ;  M.P.  for  Surrey  1547  until  his 
death  16  August,  1549.  Will  pr.  in  P.C.C. 
1550.  He  was  twice  married  :  first  to 
Margaret,  daughter  and  heir  of  Walter 
Mugge  of  Guildford  ;  secondly  to  Constance, 
daughter  of  Richard  Sackville  of  Buck- 
hurst,  who  survived  him. 

W.  D.   PINK. 

S.  JOSEPH,  SCULPTOB  (11  S.  ii.  81). — MB. 
RALPH  NEVILL'S  acquaintance  with  the 
granddaughters  of  Samuel  Joseph  might 
help  to  confirm  the  following  entry  in  an 
old  notebook  of  mine,  unfortunately  without 
references  : — 

"  Samuel  Joseph  the  sculptor  and  George  Francis 
Joseph,  R.A.,  the  painter,  were  the  sons  of  two 
brothers  who  early  in  life  abandoned  Judaism. 
James  Joseph  Sylvester,  the  eminent  mathema- 
tician, and  a  member  of  the  Hebrew  community, 
was  a  relative." 

I  should  be  pleased  to  have  a  pedigree  of 
the  family,  with  .dates,  &c. 

ISBAEL  SOLOMONS. 

118,  Sutherland  Avenue,  W. 

EAST  INDIA  COMPANY'S  MABINE  SEBVICE 
(11  S.  ii.  68). — I  would  recommend  the 
perusal  of  the  following  works  : — 

Gomer    Williams,    '  History    of    the    Liv< 
Privateers '  (London,  1906). 

Henri  Malo,  'Les  Corsaires'  (Paris,  1908). 

E.  P.  Statham,  *  Privateers '  (London,  1910). 

L.  L.  K. 


ii  B.  ii.  AUG.  is,  1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


135 


ELIZABETHAN    LICENCE    TO    EAT    FRESH 
11  S.  ii.    68,     115). — Reference    may    also 
made  to  Staley,  '  Hierurgia  Anglicana,1 
i.  248-9,  iii.  106-10. 

LAWRENCE  PHILLIPS. 

In  the  extract  I  gave  at  the  latter  reference 
from  the  Derbyshire  parish  register  the  name 
of  the  recipient  of  the  licence  should  have 
been  spelt  Francis  Mundy,  and  the  parish  as 
Mackworth,  not  "  Machworth." 

P.  D.  MUNDY. 

THE  SLEEPLESS  ARCH  (11  S.  ii.  88). — 
The  following  quotation  from  J.  Fergusson's 
'  History  of  Indian  and  Eastern  Architec- 
ture,' 1899,  p.  210,  will  explain  MR.  RUS- 
SELL'S question  : — 

"As  the  Hindus  quaintly  "express  it,  'an  arch 
never  sleeps ' ;  and  it  is  true  that  a  radiating  arch 
does  contain  in  itself  a  vis  viva  which  is  always 
tending  to  thrust  its  haunches  outwards,  and  goes 
far  to  ensure  the  ultimate  destruction  of  every 
building  where  it  is  employed;  while  the  hori- 
zontal forms  employed  by  the  Hindus  are  in  stable 
equilibrium,  and,  unless  disturbed  by  violence, 
might  remain  so  for  ever." 

W.  CROOKE. 

That  the  arch  never  sleeps  is  an  archi- 
tectural aphorism.  Instead  of  being  deeply 
dormant  like  the  lintel  in  a  trabeated  style, 
it  is  ever  on  the  qui  vive  to  do  its  duty,  as 
long  as  it  is  kept  up  to  it,  and  to  give  way 
should  opportunity  occur.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

The  idea  is  that,  no  single  stone  being  in  a 
position  to  stand  without  its  fellows  on  each 
side,  the  equilibrium  of  the  whole  arch  is 
very  unstable.  "  The  arch  never  sleeps " 
is  the  refrain  of  a  delightful  novel  by  Mr.  J. 
Meade  Falkner,  '  The  Nebuly  Cloud/  which 
I  strongly  commend  to  all  lovers  of  good 
fiction.  NEL  MEZZO. 

[MR.  J.  BAQNALL  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
ii.  88).— The  poem  'Art  in  the  Market- 
Place,'  which  begins  "Hear  ye  the  sellers 
of  lavender  ?  n  was  written  by  E.  Urwick, 
the  "Poster  Poet.11  M.  S.  O. 

COL.  SKELTON  OF  ST.  HELENA  (US.  ii.  48, 
l3)-— To  the  information  furnished  at  the 
latter  reference  the  following  details  may  be 
added.     Only  three  allusions  to  Col.  Skelton, 
or  to  his  wife  and  family,  occur  in  O'Meara's 
Napoleon  in  Exile,'  6th  ed.,  1827,  2  vols. 
From  these  it  may  be  gathered  that  Mrs. 
bkelton  and  family  had  resided   at   Long- 
wood  (afterwards  Napoleon's  residence)  dur- 
ing a  few  months  in  each  year  for  four  or 


five  years  previous  to  the  illustrious  captive's 
arrival  in  the  island.  Mrs.  Skelton  is  accused 
of  having  prejudiced  the  Emperor's  mind 
against  Longwood  on  the  ground  of  its 
unhealthiness.  Her  husband,  Col.  Skelton, 
was  in  all  likelihood  in  the  service  of  the 
East  India  Company,  St.  Helena  being  at  the 
time  one  of  the  Company's  possessions. 
He  was  probably  the  same  as  the  John 
Skelton  who  in  June,  1814,  was  returned  as 
Lieutenant-Colonel  commanding  the  6th 
Bengal  Native  Infantry,  a  regiment  which 
had  acquitted  itself  with  distinction  at  the 
capture  of  Seringapatam.  On  1  November, 
1817,  he  was  gazetted  Colonel  of  the  same 
regiment,  and  on  19  July,  1821,  was  raised 
to  the  rank  of  Major -General.  In  1832 
he  was  returned  as  being  on  furlough,  but 
after  that  date,  so  far  as  I  can  ascertain,  all 
trace  of  him  disappears.  He  was  probably 
descended  from  the  Skeltons  of  Cumberland. 

W.  SCOTT. 

GEORGE  I.  STATUES  :  WILLIAM  HUCKS 
(US.  ii.  7,  50,  98).— In  Mark  Noble's  '  Bio- 
graphical History  of  England  from  the 
Revolution  to  the  End  of  George  I.'s  Reign,' 
1806,  vol.  iii.  p.  258,  s.v.  William  Hucks, 
is  another  version  of  the  second  epigram 
which  I  gave  at  the  last  reference  : — 

The  king  of  Great  Britain  was  reckon'd  before, 

The  head  of  the  church,  by  all  good  Christian 

people : 
But  his  brewer  has  added  still  one  title  more 

To  the  rest,  and  has  made  him  the  head  of  the 
steeple. 

According  to  Noble,  William  Hucks  was 
"  brewer  to  the  household "  ;  M.P,  for 
Abingdon  in  1701  and  1714,  and  for  Walling- 
ford  in  the  three  following  Parliaments  ;  and 
died  4  November,  1740. 

Noble  says  : — 

"  I  believe  it  was  him  [sic]  who  was  taken  notice 
of,  when  mounted  on  a  beautiful  hunter,  by- 
Lewis  XV.  The  monarch  enquired  who  he  was.  A 
witty  nobleman  replied,  'Sire,  un  chevalier  de 
malt':  thus  punning  upon  the  French  pronunciation 
of  Malta,  and  malt  used  in  brewing." 

William  Hucks  "  was  succeeded  by  his  son, 
Robert  Hucks,  Esq.,  in  several  Parliaments, 
as  representative  for  Abingdon." 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

The  story  of  the  artist  committing  suicide 
because  he  had  forgotten  the  stirrups, 
mentioned  by  V.  D.  P.,  is  told  in  connexion 
with  many  statues.  Such  a  one  was  current 
about  the  figure  of  William  III.,  as  an 
equestrian  Roman,  in  the  market-place  at 
Hull,  but  it  was  wholly  imaginary,  and  of 
no  great  age.  W.  C.  B. 


136 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       en  s.  n.  AUG.  13,  mo. 


A  statue  of  George  I.  not  hitherto  referred 
to  by  any  correspondent  stands  now  in  the 
south-west  corner  of  the  Museum  of  the 
Public  Record  Office.  It  is  of  marble,  and 
represents  him  in  Roman  costume.  For- 
merly it  occupied  a  niche  over  the  judicial 
bench  of  the  Court  in  the  old  Rolls  House, 
now  demolished  ;  and  on  its  present  pedestal 
is  a  leaden  tablet  from  the  foundation  stone 
of  that  building,  bearing  the  royal  arms, 
and  inscribed  "  G.  R.  1717." 

ALAN   STEWART. 

PITT'S  STATUE  IN  HANOVER  SQUARE  (US. 
ii.  85). — I  should  imagine  that  Pitt's  statue 
is  the  property  of  the  nation,  and  that  the 
recently  appointed  Inspector  of  Ancient 
Monuments  (Mr.  Chas.  R.  Peers)  would  be 
the  most  likely  person  from  whom  to  seek 
advice  concerning  its  renovation.  The  statue 
has  been  described  by  more  than  one  writer 
as  in  many  respects  the  finest  in  London. 
It  was  engraved  in  The  Penny  Magazine  of 
30  June,  1832,  and  in  The  Mirror  of  21  July, 
1832. 

The  interesting  reference  to  the  statue 
by  Peter  Cunningham  in  his  '  Handbook  of 
London 8  may  perhaps  be  recalled.  He 
states  : — 

"  I  was  present  at  its  erection  with  Sir  Francis 
Chantrey  and  my  father,  who  was  Chantrey's 
assistant.  The  statue  was  placed  on  its  pedestal 
between  7  and  8  in  the  morning,  and  while  the 
workmen  were  away  at  their  breakfast,  a  rope  was 
thrown  round  the  neck  of  the  figure,  and  a  vigorous 
attempt  made  by  several  sturdy  Reformers  to  pull 
it  down.  When  word  of  what  they  were  about 
was  brought  to  my  father,  he  exclaimed,  with  a 
smile  upon  his  face,  '  The  cramps  are  leaded,  and 
they  may  pull  until  doomsday.'  The  cramps  are 
the  iron  bolts  fastening  the  statue  to  the  pedestal. 
The  attempt  was  soon  abandoned." 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

FRANCIS  PECK  (US.  ii.  68). — Almost  all 
biographical  and  bibliographical  publica- 
tions confound  the  two  Francis  Pecks.  With 
singular  unanimity  they  describe  the  anti- 
quary as  a  student  at  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, but  assign  his  graduation  dates 
correctly— 1715  and  1727.  G.  F.  R.  B.'s 
discovery  of  two  students  of  the  name  will 
therefore  help  to  correct  many  hoary  mis- 
statements.  Probably  the  Francis  Peck 
about  whom  he  seeks  information  was  also  a 
clergyman.  In  Halkett  and  Laing's  '  Dic- 
tionary *  a  book  entitled  "  To  i^os  ayiov 
or,  an  exercise  upon  the  creation.  Written  in 
the  express  words  of  the  sacred  text,  as  an 
attempt  to  shew  the  beauty  ana  sublimity  of 
Holy  Scripture,'1  is  attributed  to  Francis 
Peck.  It  was  published  in  1717  (Watt  says 


1716) — rather  an  early  and  unlikely  date 
for  the  antiquary  to  have  written  it.  Again, 
in  Halkett  and  Laing  a  poetical  production, 
"  Sighs  upon  the  never  enough  lamented 
death  of  Queen  Anne.  In  imitation  of 
Milton/*  is  also  assigned  to  Peck  the  anti- 
quary. The  work  is  dated  1719,  and  purports 
on  its  title-page  to  be  by  "  a  clergyman  of 
the  Church  of  England.'1  Was  Peck  the 
antiquary  a  clergyman  in  1719  ?  Should  not 
both  works  be  assigned  to  Francis  Peck  of 
Hythe,  Kent,  and  not  to  his  more  famous 
namesake  who  came  from  Stamford,  Lincoln- 
shire ?  W.  SCOTT. 

WINDSOR  STATIONMASTER  (11  S.  ii.  68, 
114). — The  railway  employe  about  whom 
L.  L.  K.  inquires  was  responsible  for  some 
interesting  narratives  in  a  work  entitled 
'  Ernest  Struggles/  or  "  the  Comic  Incidents 
and  Anxious  Moments  in  connection  with  the 
Life  of  a  Station  Master,  by  one  who  endured 
it.'*  It  was  published  in  1879  by  J.  J.  Bee- 
croft,  Market  -  Place,  Reading.  "Ernest 
Struggles  "  was  ot  course  a  pseudonym,  and 
it  would  probably  not  be  of  any  particular 
interest  to  L.  L.  K.  to  disclose  the  identity 
of  the  writer,  though  doubtless  many  of  the 
older  employes  on  the  line  could  enlighten 
him.  WILLOUGHBY  MAYCOCK. 

CLERGY  RETIRING  FROM  THE  DINNER 
TABLE  (US.  ii.  9,  69). — The  passage  quoted 
by  G.  W.  from  Lord  Mahon's  '  History  of 
England  *  accords  exactly  with  what  Steele 
says  in  The  Guardian  (No.  173,  17  Septem- 
ber, 1713).  He  there  prints  a  letter, 
supposed  to  have  been  sent  to  him  by  a 
"  Chaplain  in  a  noble  Family,"  complaining 
of  the  writer's  being  "suffered  to  retire" 
from  table  after  the  toast  "  Prosperity  to  the 
Church "  because  he  was  regarded  as  a 
"  Censor  Morum." 

In  The  Taller  of  23  November,  1710  (No. 
255),  Steele  had  previously  brought  this 
custom  before  his  readers  in  a  letter  from 
another  "  Chaplain  to  an  honourable  Family,'* 
who  says  :  "  for  not  offering  to  rise  at  the 
Second  Course,  I  found  my  Patron  and  his 
Lady  very  sullen  and  out  of  humour.'1  In 
this  case  no  reason  is  given,  but  it  is  clear 
from  the  other,  and  from  what  Eachard  says 
on  the  subject  of  the  clergy  dining  in  great 
houses  (see  '  The  Grounds  and  Occasions  oi 
the  Contempt  of  the  Clergy  and  Religion  l), 
that  it  was  not  (as  one  of  your  correspondents 
alleges)  "pure  stinginess 3?  merely  thai 
gave  rise  to  the  custom.  Eachard,  how- 
ever, in  the  tract  referred  to  says  nothing  oi 
the  custom  itself.  C.  C.  B. 


n  s.  ii.  AUG.  is,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


137 


DOOR-KNOCKER  ETIQUETTE  (11  S.  i.  487  ; 
ii.  17,  115). — ID  'Poems  of  Robert  Lloyd/ 
vol.  Ixviii.  of  "The  Works  of  the  English 
Poets,  by  Samuel  Johnson,"  is  an  amusing 
account  of  the  importance  attached  in  the 
middle  of  the  eighteenth  century  to  door- 
knocker etiquette  : — 

A  TALE. 

Thomas  perform'd  his  part  with  skill. 
Methinks  I  hear  the  reader  cry, 
His  part  with  skill  ?  why,  You  or  I, 
Or  anybody  else,  as  well 
As  Thomas,  sure,  could  ring  a  bell, 
Nor  did  I  ever  hear  before 
Of  skill  in  knocking  at  a  door. 
Poor  low-liv'd  creature  !    I  suppose, 
Nay,  and  am  sure,  you  're  one  of  those 
Who,  at  what  door  soe'er  they  be, 
Will  always  knock  in  the  same  key, 
Thinking  that  Bell  and  Knocker  too 
Were  found  out  nothing  else  to»do, 
But  to  inform  the  house,  no  doubt. 
That  there  was  somebody  without, 
Who,  if  they  might  such  favour  win, 
Would  rather  chuse  to  be  within. 
But  had  our  servants  no  more  sense, 
Lord  !  what  must  be  the  consequence  ? 

For  if  there  was  not  to  be  found 
8cme  wholesome  difference  of  sound, 
But  the  same  rap  foretold  th'  approach 
Of  him  who  walk'd,  or  rode  in  coach, 
A  poor  relation  now  and  then 
Might  to  my  lord  admittance  gain, 
When  his  good  lordship  hop'd  to  see 
Some  rascal  of  his  own  degree, 
And,  what  is  more  unhappy  still. 
The  stupid  wretch  who  brings  a  bill 
Might  pass  through  all  the  motley  tribe 
As  free  as  one  who  brings  a  bribe. 

Those  evils  wisely  to  prevent, 
And  root  out  care  and  discontent, 
Ev'ry  gay  smart,  who  rides  behind 
With  rose  and  bag  in  taste  refin'd, 
Must  musick  fully  understand ; 
Have  a  nice  ear  and  skilful  hand  ; 
At  ev'ry  turn  be  always  found 
A  perfect  connoisseur  in  sound ; 
Through  all  the  gamut  skilful  fly, 
Varying  his  notes,  now  low,  now  high, 
According  as  he  shifts  his  place  ; 
Now  hoarsely  grumbling  in  the  base, 
Now  turning  tenor,  and  again 
To  treble  raising  his  shrill  strain  ; 
So  to  declare,  where'er  he  be, 
His  master's  fortune  and  degree, 
By  the  distinguishing  address 
Which  he  '11  upon  the  door  express." 


Berkhamsted. 


A.  H.  W.  FYNMORE. 


IRISH  SUPERSTITION  :  BOYS  IN  PETTI- 
COATS AND  FAIRIES  (11  S.  ii.  65). — Sixty 
years  ago,  when  I  was  a  child  at  Brighton, 
my  elder  brothers  wore  petticoats,  as  I  did 
myself  until  we  were  seven  or  eight  years 


old,  at  which  age  we  were  "  breeched." 
I  have  still  in  my  possession  a  silhouette  of 
us  as  we  appeared  in  those  days  (taken  on 
the  old  Chain  Pier)  ;  and  other  boys  were 
attired  in  a  similar  manner.  I  remember 
one  of  our  playmates  in  Sussex  Square  being 
kept  in  petticoats  by  his  mamma  until  he 
was  twelve  years  old,  which  caused  him  much 
chaff  from  boys  ana  girls  of  his  own  age. 

I  daresay  some  of  your  readers  can  corro- 
borate my  statement  as  to  boys  being 
dressed  similarly  to  girls  at  that  period.  I 
never  heard  that  it  had  anything  to  do  with 
the  fairies,  but  "  knicker-bockers "  were 
then  unknown  in  England.  D.  K.  T. 

MR.  WHITE  will .  find  several  instances, 
from  Achilles  onwards,  of  the  practice  of 
putting  boys  in  petticoats,  in  Clodd's 
4  Tom,  Tit,  Tot,J  where  the  motive  is  fully 
explained.  Evil  spirits  are  easily  deceived. 
I  know  a  Cornishman  who,  having  been 
frightened  by  one  on  his  walk  into  the 
country,  borrowed  a  friend's  hat  and  coat 
and  reached  home  again  unmolested. 

YGREC. 

THOMAS  PERCY,  PRIOR  OF  HOLY  TRINITY, 
ALDGATE  (US.  ii.  85). — The  succession  of  the 
Priors  can  be  found  from  the  Patent  Rolls. 
The  later  ones  are  : — 

Thomas  Pomeray,  died  1481. 

Thomas  Percy,  elected  1481,  resigned 
1494-5. 

Richard  Charnok,  elected  1495,  died  1505. 

Thomas  Newton,  elected  1505,  died  1506. 

Thomas  Percy,  died  1512. 

John  Bradwell,  elected  1512,  died  1524. 

Nicholas  Hancoke,  elected  1524. 

R.  C.  F. 

THE  FOURTH  ESTATE  (10  S.  xii.  184).— 
Another  variant  of  the  meaning  attached  to 
this  familiar  phrase  has  just  come  to  my 
notice.  In  The  Gazetteer  and  New  Daily 
Advertiser  for  30  January,  1789,  was  this 
paragraph  : — 

"  Mr.  Fox's  Board  of  Commissioners,  which  Mr. 
Pulteney  and  Mr.  Pitt  clamoured  against,  as  a 
Fourth  .Estate,  was  to  be  responsible  to  Parliament. 
Mr.  Pitt's  Fourth  Estate,  of  the  Queen  and  her 
Council,  is  to  have  no  responsibility." 

ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

RICHARD  SARE,  BOOKSELLER  (11  S.  ii.  84). 
— Some  particulars  concerning  him,  his 
wife  and  children,  and  one  of  his  grandsons 
are  given  in  Cansick's  '  Epitaphs  of  Middle- 
sex,' 1869,  i.  11,  15.  He  is  mentioned 
several  times  in  Hearne's  '  Collectanea * 
(O.H.S.).  W.  C.  B. 


138 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      en  s.  n.  AUG.  13, 1910. 


THAMES  WATER,  COMPANY  :  THE  WATER 
HOUSE  (11  S.  ii.  29,  89). — In  Sketch  of 
7  October,  1896,  reference  is  made  to  "  some 
capital  measured  drawings  of  York  Water- 
gate "  which  had  appeared  recently  in 
The  Builder.  Two  reproductions  of  old 
engravings  showing  the  Water  Tower  are  also 
given — '  York  Buildings  in  1795  '  and  '  The 
Stairs  at  York  Buildings  in  1795.'-  The 
latter  is  similar  to  the  one  in  '  Old  and  New 
London  ?  (iv.  103),  which  is  there  described 
as  "From  a  print  dated  1780." 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

"  PORTYGNE  "  (US.  ii.  88).— This  word  is 
not  correctly  transcribed  :  it  should  be  with 
a  u  instead  of  the  n.  This  gives  "  Portygue,'* 
and  Cotgrave,  1650,  has  "  Portugaise :  f. 
A  Portegue  ;  a  golden  coine  worth  about 
iij7.  xs.  sterl.,'v  which  makes  things  clear 
for  MR.  RHODES.  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

"  Portingue "  was  a  spelling  of  "  Por- 
tague,"  a  Portuguese  gold  coin,  "  often  kept 
as  an  heirloom  or  keepsake  "  ('  N.E.D.,'  vii., 
which  under  portigue,  portingue,  1144,  refers 
to  portague,  1139).  See  also  Halliwell. 

W.    C.    B. 
[Several  other  correspondents  thanked  for  replies.] 

SOUTH  AFRICAN  SLANG  (11  S.  ii.  63). — 
With  regard  to  "scoff  "  =  eat,  it  is  not  in- 
apposite to  draw  attention  to  the  notes 
at  9  S.  x.  397,  456,  where  the  late  MR.  JAS. 
PLATT  suggested  a  very  early  precursor  of 
the  word  in  the  Gothic  fragment  :  ' '  skapei 
jah  matjan  jah  drigkan."  MR.  PLATT  also 
adduced  a  quotation  of  1785  for  skoft,  a 
word  too  alien,  probably,  for  notice  in  the 
'  N.E.D.*  H.  P.  L. 

TENNYSON'S  '  MARGARET  *  (11  S.  i.  507; 
ii.  94).— Capt.  Marryat,  who,  as  M.  N.  G. 
remarks  at  the  latter  reference,  was  un- 
doubtedly an  authority  on  sea-fights,  was 
clearly  of  opinion  that  a  long  cannonade 
caused  the  wind  to  fall,  and  brought  on  a 
calm.  In  addition  to  the  passage  in  '  Newton 
Forster,'  he  states  that  the  same  effect 
happened  during  a  fight  between  two  frigates, 
which  he  describes  in  the  early  chapters  of 
'  Settlers  in  Canada.'  T.  F.  D. 

"  SEERSUCKER  "  (11  S.  ii.  69).— If  H.  P.  L. 
will  consult  the  second  edition  of  Yule's 
'  Hobson-Jobson,*  p.  708  b,  he  will  find  this 
word,  with  a  suggested  derivation.  Further 
information  about  the  nature  of  this  cloth 
and  the  derivation  of  the  word  will  be  wel- 
come. EMERITUS. 


0tt 


Frederick  William  Maitland  :  a  Biographical  Sketch. 
By  H.  A.  L.  Fisher.  (Cambridge  University 
Press.) 

As  a  biographer  of  Maitland,  Mr.  Fisher  is  ham- 
pered by  some  disabilities,  as  he  frankly  confesses 
in  his  Prefatory  Note.  The  chief  of  these  is  that 
he  is  an  Oxford  man,  and  never  came  under  the 
influence  of  Maitland  as  a  student  or  colleague  at 
Cambridge.  The  memoir  has  but  179  pages,  and 
we  only  wish  that  the  friends  who  have  added  to 
it  letters  and  details  could  have  been  induced  to 
write  at  greater  length.  A  chapter  from  Dr.  Verrall 
such  as  he  contributed  to  the  Life  of  Jebb  would 
have  been  most  enlightening. 

The  memoir,  however,  is  sufficient  to  show  the 
alert  intelligence  and  unwearied  pursuit  of  scholar- 
ship for  its  own  sake  which  made  Maitland  so 
remarkable  as  an  example  and  an  inspiration  to  a 
host  of  scholars  of  all  sorts.  His  devotion  to  Year- 
Books  lasted  to  the  end,  and  those  who  had  the 
privilege  of  receiving  letters  from  him  or  talking 
with  him  will  recall  the  delightful  way  in  which  he 
would  bring  forth  gems  he  had  abstracted  from  his 
quarrying  of  matter  regarded  by  the  ordinary  man 
as  hopelessly  dull.  Never  was  learning  more  lightly 
worn,  or  more  modestly.  Even  those  who  have 
no  interest  in  such  labours  as  the  foundation  of  the 
Selden  Society,  or  the  complicated  subject  of  the 
early  manor  in  England,  will  appreciate  the  flashes 
of  humour  and  epigram  recorded  in  these  pages. 
Thus  at  the  Cambridge  Union  Maitland  exclaimed, 
"  I  would  I  were  a  vested  nuisance  !  Then  I  should 
be  sure  of  being  protected  by  the  whole  British 
Public.  "  To  Henry  Sidgwick  and  Prof.  Vinogradoff 
Maitland  clearly  owed  much,  and  his  tributes  to 
them  are  characteristic  of  him.  His  writing  was 
admirably  vivid  and  effective,  though  he  disclaimed 
that  "conscious  theory  or  method  of  style"  of 
which  Mr.  Fisher  speaks,  and  which  leads,  we 
think,  occasionally  to  over-  elaboration  in  his  pages. 

Mr.  Fisher  has  certainly  made  the  most  of  his 
material.  Our  chief  wonder  is  that,  as  an  accom- 
plished historian,  he  does  not  realize  that  a  biographj 
requires  an  Index.  At  the  end  we  find  only  a 
'  Bibliographical  Note  '  of  further  sources  of  infor- 
mation concerning  Maitland.  This  is  much  to  the 
point,  but  the  absence  of  an  Index  is  regrettable. 
A  few  notes  at  the  bottom  of  the  page  concerning 
various  people  and  details  mentioned  would  alsc 
we  think,  be  desirable.  If  specialists  would  take 
little  more  trouble,  they  might  reach  the  larger 
public  which  at  present  ignores  their  ministratk 

WE  are  glad  to  see,  besides  the  political  article 
in  The  Fortnightly,  several  interesting  studies  in 
history  and  biography.  '  Talleyrand,'  by  Mr.  W.  S. 
Lilly  ;  '  Byron  and  Mary  Cha  worth,'  by  Mr.  Andrew 
Lang  ;  *  H£e;e'sippe  Moreau,'  by  Mr.  Orlo  Williams  ; 
'John  Calvin  and  Calvinism,'  by  Prof.  J.  M.  Sloan  ; 
'  The  Phrenix  of  Spain,'  which  means  Lope  de 
Vega,  by  Helen  H.  Colvill  ;  and  'The  Extrava- 
gances of  the  Emperor  Elagabalus,'  by  J.  Stuart 
Hay.  Such  papers  as  these  are  far  preferable  to 
the  one-sided  politics  and  the  eternal  statistics 
which  flourish  in  the  magazines  like  weeds.  Mr. 
P.  A.  Vaile,  in  'The  Soul  of  Golf,'  explains,  as 
usual,  that  all  the  experts  have  no  idea  how  their 
shots  are  secured.  We  have  seen  Mr.  Vaile's  views 


n  s.  ii.  AUG.  is,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


139 


before  in  the  press,  so  they  lack  novelty.  Prof 
Marcus  Hartog  publishes  an  address  'On  the 
Teaching  of  "  Nature  Study," '  which  is  lively,  but 
does  not  always  command  our  assent.  The  Pro- 
fessor has  this  foot-note :  "  Thanks  to  Prof.  Arm- 
stron^'s  enlightened  counsels,  botany  has  been 
recently  introduced  into  some  of  the  great  English 
public  schools  for  boys."  "  Recently  introduced  "  ! 
Temple  introduced  botany  at  Rugby  before  Prof. 
Armstrong  was  heard  of. 

The  last  article  in  the  number  is  fascinating. 
Mr  Basil  Tozer  has  discovered  on  Exmoor  an  old 
man  who  has  spent  years  in  '  Tracking  the  Wild 
Red  Deer,'  not  as  an  aid  to  hunters,  but  tor  pure 
pleasure.  Mr.  Tozer  stayed  with  him  in  his  cottage, 
being  the  only  man  who  has  done  so  since  Sir 
Samuel  Baker,  and  he  gives  some  idea  of  the 
expertness  of.  this  Sherlock  Holmes  of  the  wild 
deer. 

The  National  Review  opens  with  its  usual  vigorous 
denunciations  of  the  Government,  including  special 
reference  to  Germany  and  the  question  of  the  Navy, 
considered  also  in  another  article.  JThe  editor  per- 
mits himself,  or  a  contributor,  to  speak  of  "the 
blatant  blatherskite  at  the  Exchequer."  Mr.  St.  Loe 
Strachey  dwells  on  the  success  of  a  striking  move 
in  4  How  We  raised  the  Surrey  Veteran  Reserve.' 
'  Some  Experiences  of  a  British  Officer  in  South 
Africa  in  the  Early  Fifties '  has  sundry  interesting 
details  from  a  diary,  combined  with  some  history, 
which  is  dull.  Capt.  Parish,  the  writer  of  the 
diary,  mentions  "that  most  abominable  of  all 
liquors,  Cape  Smoke,  a  beverage  none  but  a  South 
African  can  possibly  drink."  What  this  liquor  is 
we  do  not  know.  Mr.  A.  Wedderburu  has  a  brief 
but  well-written  account  of  'The  Homes  and 
Haunts  of  Ruskin ' ;  and  "  An  Old  Etonian  "  imparts 
a  good  deal  of  human  interest  to  '  In  the  Steerage,' 
mindful,  perhaps,  of  Stevenson's  similar  experi- 
ences. Mrs.  Huth  Jackson  has  a  very  sensible 
plea  for  'Menial  Work,'  suggesting  that  children 
really  enjoy  work  about  the  house  of  various  kinds, 
and  should  be  taught  to  do  it.  "A  Casual  Ob- 
server" has  'Some  Notes  on  India,'  which  are 
striking.  A  few  more  articles  of  this  sort,  giving 
information  as  to  distant  parts  of  the  Empire, 
would  be  really,  we  think,  more  useful  than  the 
strongly  partisan  discussions  of  home  politics  which 
we  meet  everywhere.  Miss  Violet  Markham  is 
against  Woman's  Suffrage,  and  her  article,  '  A  Pro- 
posed Woman's  Council,'  puts  forward  an  alterna- 
tive means  of  getting  women's  views  adequate 
consideration  in  Parliament.  It  is  suggested  that 
the  resolutions  of  this  Council  "  would  inevitably 
mould  and  determine  legislation  when  sent  up  to 
the  House  of  Commons."  The  inevitability  can- 
not, unfortunately,  without  the  direct  force  gained 
by  votes,  be  predicted ;  but  the  futility  of  the 
scheme  can  be  predicted  by  an  examination  of  the 
practical  results  achieved  by  various  Royal  Com- 
missions. 

The,  Burlington  Magazine  opens  with  the  an- 
nouncement that  Dr.  Bode  has  withdrawn  his 
name  from  its  consultative  committee  on  account 
of  the  views  expressed  concerning  the  wax  bust  of 
Flora.  Dr.  Bode's  own  letter  in  German  is  given, 
and  we  think  the  editorial  comments  on  the  situation 
are  perfectly  just,  representing,  however,  a  view 
which,  human  nature  oeing  what  it  is,  is  not  easily 
maintained.  Mention  is  next  made  of  the  New 
Turner  Gallery  and  of  The  Contemporary  Art 


Society,  which,  we  hope,  will  be  able  to  do  some- 
thing to  counteract  "the  inadequacy  of  the  Ad- 
ministration of  the  Chantrey  Bequest." 

Mr.  L.  Binyon  begins  a  study  of  'Chinese  Paint- 
ings in  the  British  Museum,'  with  illustrations. 
Mr.  Claude  Phillips  deals  with  '  Two  Pictures  at 
the  Hermitage,'  a  Carpaccio  (according  to  him) 
and  a  Palma  Vecchio.  His  remarks  on  the  latter 
painter  are  frank  and  illuminating.  Mr.  G.  F. 
Laking  concludes  his  searching  study  of  the  Noel 
Paton  collection  of  armour,  which  is  well  illustrated ; 
and  Mr.  Sidney  Colvin  considers  '  Drawings  of  the 
French  School'  in  the  Salting  Collection,  which, 
if  they  do  not  hold  a  leading  place  in  it,  are  yet  so 
admirable  as  to  deserve  the  attention  of  every 
art-lover.  Mr.  Roger  Fry  begins  a  notice  of  '  The 
Munich  Exhibition  of  Mohammedan  Art,'  the  rela- 
tions of  which  to  the  West  he  sketches  in  his  usual 
lucid  and  interesting  style.  '  Notes  on  Various 
Works  of  Art '  include  an  account  of  English  medi- 
aeval alabaster  work,  -  the  chief  quarry  for  the 
material  having  been,  it  appears,  near  Derby,  at 
Chellaston. 

At  the  end  of  the  number,  under  '  Art  in- 
America,'  pictures  in  the  Robert  Hoe  Collection 
are  noticed  by  a  contributor  whose  views  as  to- 
two  ascriptions  do  not,  it  is  pointed  out,  coincide- 
with  the  editorial  judgment.  It  is  this  strict 
standard  of  connoisseurship  which  makes  The 
Burlington  so  valuable  as  a  guide,  and  once  again 
we  congratulate  the  editors  on  the  firmness  with 
which  they  insist  on  expert  judgment. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES.— AUGUST. 

MB.  BERTRAM  DOBELL'S  Catalogue  contains 
a  good  general  collection.  Under  London  is  ani 
extra-illustrated  copy  of  Thompson's  '  London 
Bridge,'  1827,  21.  10s.  There  are  early  editions  of 
Tennyson  and  Thackeray.  Among  rarities  is  a 
large-paper  copy  of  Milton's  '  Pro  Populo  Angli- 
cano  Defensio,'  folio,  1651,  a  presentation  copy 
with  inscription  in  Milton's  handwriting,  original 
calf,  90f.  Mr.  Dobell  tells  us  that  only  one  other 

S'esentation  copy  is  known.  Under  Sir  Thomas 
ore's  Works  is  the  first  collected  edition,  fine 
copy,  1557,  40Z.  Manuscripts  from  the  collection 
of  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps  include  Alabaster's 
'  Elisaeus,'  a  Latin  poem,  folio,  calf,  sixteenth 
century,  10Z.  10s.  This  poem  is  mentioned  by 
Spenser,  but  has  never  been  printed.  It  contains  a 
review  of  the  principal  events  of  the  reign  of 
Elizabeth  as  well  as  of  earlier  reigns.  Johnson 
speaks  of  the  author  in  high  terms. 

Mr.  Francis  Edwards  sends  Part  II.  of  his 
Catalogue  of  Topography  of  Great  Britain  and 
Ireland.  This  section  is  devoted  to  London. 
Under  Ackermann  is  a  handsome  copy  of  the 
'  Microcosm,'  in  full  red  morocco,  3  vols.,  1811, 
30Z.  ;  and  under  Besant  is  'Mediaeval  London,' 
2  vols.,  4to,  1906,  21.  Boydell's  '  Scenery  of  the 
Thames,'  2  vols.,  folio,  full  calf,  1794-6,  is  12Z.  10s. 
Directories  include  '  Mogg's  Omnibus  Guide,'  also 
the  '  New  Hackney  Coach  and  Cabriolet  Fares,' 
1845,  3s.  ;  and  Robson's  '  Street  Key,'  1833, 
12s.  Under  Evans's  Supper  Rooms  is  an  original 
programme  containing  the  words  of  126  songs 
sung  there,  1865,  2s.  There  is  a  complete  set  of  the 
Huguenot  Society,  131.  10s.  Other  items  include 
Jesse's  '  London,'  4  vols.,  original  cloth,  61.  ; 
Lysons's  '  Environs,'  45Z.  ;  Rowlandson's  '  Volun- 


140 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  n.  AUG.  is,  1910. 


teers,'  1799,  34Z.  ;  the  sixth  and  best  edition  of 
Stow's '  Survey,'  2  vols.,  large  folio,  1754-5, 11. 15s.  ; 
and  Tallis's  '  Views,'  79  parts,  original  wrappers, 
bound  in  4  vols.,  with  all  the  interesting  advertise- 
ments, Tallis,  1838,  4Z.  The  rare  treatise  pub- 
lished in  1641  on  the  subject  of  bringing  water  to 
London  is  4Z.  4s.  ;  and  an  extra-illustrated 
Wheatley's  '  London,'  extended  to  6  vols.,  half 
green  morocco,  1891,  161.  There  is  an  early  and 
clean  copy  of  Wilkinson's  '  Londina  Illustrata,' 
2  vols.,  1819, 61. 5s.  Among  maps  is  that  of  Ralph 
Agas,  1874,  Is.  Qd.  This  reproduction  contains 
a  biography  of  Agas  by  Overall  and  an  account 
of  early  maps,  which  will  be  helpful  In  settling 
the  dates  of  them.  Among  the  views  is  a  fine 
copperplate  of  the  Adelphi,  by  Pastorini,  1770, 
11.  10s.  Chelsea  includes  the  Botanic  Gardens, 
the  Hospital,  the  College,  and  the  old  church  ; 
while  under  Clapham  are  six  coloured  views  of  the 
Common  by  Powell,  1825,  51.  Under  Garra  way's 
Coffee-House  is  an  original  water-colour,  mounted, 
10s.  Garraway's  is  celebrated  as  the  first  house 
where  tea  was  retailed  in  England,  "  from  sixteen 
to  fifty  shillings  the  pound "  ('  Curiosities  of 
Literature  ').  There  are  many  views  of  Hackney. 
Under  Horse  Guards  is  a  fine  large  coloured 
aquatint  by  Stadler  after  Shepperd,  1816,  4J. 
Under  London  Bridge  is  Martin  s  collection  of 
rare  prints,  reproduced  on  India  paper,  in  1  vol., 
oblong  folio,  21. 

The  Addenda  of  Books  include  The  Annual 
Register  '  to  1908,  157  vols.,  full  calf  gilt,  301.  ; 
Bentley's  Miscellany,  complete  set,  64  vols., 
half -calf,  161.  ;  "  Gentleman's  Magazine  Library," 
28  vols.,  11.  10s.  ;  the  Edition  de  Luxe  of  Ainger's 
'  Lamb,'  12  vols.,  cloth,  51.  15s.  ;  and  Lodge's 

*  Portraits,'  large  paper,  12  vols.,  royal  4to,  whole 
morocco,  1823,  14Z.     Mr.  Edwards  has  also  fine 
collections  of  the  publications  of  Learned  Societies. 

Mr.  William  Glaisher's  Catalogue  372  is  a  supple- 
mentary one  of  remainders  at  greatly  reduced 
prices.  We  note  a  few :  Budge's  '  The  Paradise  or 
Garden  of  the  Holy  Fathers,'  2  vols.,  4s.  Qd. ;  Clinch's 

*  Bloomsbury,'  2s.  Qd. ;  Menpes's  '  Brittany,  6s.  Qd. ; 
Rimbault's  '  Soho,'  2s. ;   reprint  of  the  First  Folio 
text  with  Introduction  byChurton  Collins,  13  vols., 
20s. ;  Herbert  Spencer's  '  Autobiography,'  5s.  Qd.  ; 

*  Almond  of  Loretto,'  3s.   Qd.  ;    Memoir    of   Lord 
Bramwell,    2s.  ;     and    Sargeaunt's    '  Westminster 
School  Annals,'  2s. 

Mr.  J.  Jacobs's  Catalogue  53  contains  Stockdale's 

*  Shakespeare,'  with  extra  plates,  6  vols.,  large  4to, 
red  morocco,  1807, 10Z.  10s.  ;  and  Byron,  first  editions 
in  one  volume,  1813-16,  1QI.    '  The  Bride  of  Abydos ' 
has  the  errata-slip,   only  two   other    copies,  Mr. 
Jacobs  says,  being  known  with  this.    There  is  a 
book    from   Joseph    Knight's    library:    Bouchet's 

*  Aquitaine,'  bought  by  him,  as  he  states  in  a  note, 
at  the  Kenelm  Digby  Sale.    Pickering's  edition  of 
Spenser,  5  vols.,  half-calf,  is  21.  12s.  Qd. ;  and  Jeremy 
Taylor's  'Dissuasive  from  Popery,'  third  edition, 
1664,   11.   Is.       Many    copies    of    the    latter   were 
destroyed  in  the  Great  Fire.    A  set  of  '  The  Jewish 
Encyclopaedia,'  12  vols.,  4to,   1907,  is  12/.     There 
are  gome  purchases  from  the  library  of   Marion 
Crawford,  many  of  them  containing  his  book-plate 
and  autograph. 

Collectors  of  works  relating  to  Burns  will  find 
much  of  interest  in  Mr.  Alexander  W.  Macphail's 
Edinburgh  Catalogue  104.  There  is  also  an  oil 
painting  of  the  poet's  cottage,  executed  during  his 


lifetime.  Bewick  items  include  the  '  Fables,'  1792, 
9s.  Qd.  The  first  edition  of  'The  Poet  at  the 
Breakfast  Table,'  1872,  is  II.  10s.  ;  and  the  first 
edition  of  Lytton's  '  Lucile,'  1860,  10s.  Scott  items 
include  a  collection  of  a  hundred  engraved  portraits 
and  views  to  illustrate  the  life  of  Scott,  II.  5.s. 
There  are  works  under  Economics,  Highlands,  and 
Jacobite,  and  reports  of  trials,  &c. 

Mr.  Russell  Smith's  Catalogue  74  contains 
Topographical  Engravings  and  Old  Maps  relating 
to  the  English  Counties.  Most  of  the  items  are 
'cheap,  so  that  for  a  few  shillings  collectors  can  be 
supplied  with  many  of  their  wants.  The  list  is 
alphabetically  arranged  under  counties,  so  that 
reference  is  easy.  Among  old  maps  are  Speed's, 

Messrs.  Sotheran  have  sent  Part  II.  of  their 
Clearance  Catalogue,  consequent  upon  their  removal 
from  37  to  43,  Piccadilly.  This  ranges  from  G  to  P. 
The  two  parts  concain  nearly  six  thousand  items. 
Under  Handel  is  a  fine  set  of  his  musical  works, 
edited  by  Arnold,  41  vols.,  1785-97,  181.  18s.  Under 
Harleian  Society  are  the  Heralds'  Visitations. 
There  is  a  complete  set  of  the  Journal  of  the 
Hellenic  Society.  A  large-paper  copy  of  Hodgson's 
'  History  of  Northumberland,'  6  vols.,  royal  4to, 
half-morocco,  uncut,  is  36/. ;  a  unique  set  of  Mrs. 
Jameson's  works  on  Christian  Art,  extra-illus- 
trated with  140  original  drawings,  6  vols. ,  crushed 
blue  levant,  1848-64,  521.  10s. ;  an  extra-illustrated 
copy  of  the  1882  edition  of  Jesse's  '  Selwyn,'  221.  10s. ; 
and  a  set  of  Russell  Smith's  "Library  of  Old 
Authors,"  53  vols.,  half-morocco,  121.  12s.  There  is 
a  treasure  for  those  interested  in  the  environs  of 
London,  namely,  Lysons's  '  Historical  Account,'  the 
six  volumes  extended  to  fourteen  by  the  insertion 
of  nearly  2,000  additional  illustrations,  comprising 
maps,  plans,  original  drawings,  and  engravings, 
130J.  There  is  also  a  choice  extra  -  illustrated 
set  on  large  paper  of  '  Magna  Britannia,'  6  vols. 
in  14,  crimson  morocco,  521.  10s.  A  beautiful  copy, 
with  the  plates  "  de"couvertes,"  of  Montesquieu's 
'  Le  Temple  de  Gnide,'  proofs  before  letters,  crushed 
levant,  1772,  is  75/.  The  first  complete  English 
translation  of  Plato,  by  Sydenham  and  Taylor, 
4  vols.,  1804,  is  4J.  10s.  This  was  printed  at  the 
expense  of  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  who  locked  up 
nearly  the  whole  edition  in  his  house,  where  it 
remained  until  long  after  his  decease. 

',  [Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers " — at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.C. 

J.  W.  JARVIS  ("Leases  of  99  and  999  Years ").- 
Much  has  appeared  on  this  subject  in  'N.  &  Q.' ; 
see,  for  instance,  9  S.  xii.  25,  134,  193,  234,  449,  513 ; 
10  S.  i.  32. 

W.  M.  ("St.  Leodegarius").— Anticipated  ante 
p.  112. 

CORRIGENDA  —  Ante,  p.  118,   col.  2,  1.  28,   fc 
"Utenham"  read    Utenheim;    1.  34,  for  "Schl 
Buseck  "  read  Schloss  Birseck. 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  20, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


141 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  20,  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  34. 

NOTES:— Date  of  Saint- EVremond's  Birth,  141— Earliest 
Pirated  Edition  of  'Hudibras,'  142—  "  Unecungga  "  : 
"Ynetunga,"  143— Jacobite  Garters  — The  Warden  of 
Wadham  and  Matrimony— The  Order  of  Merit—"  Sweet 
Lavender,"  144— "Sorning"— The  Neglected  Old  Father, 
145  —  Robert  Singleton  —  "  Ora  "  =  "  Noria  "  —  Burton's 
'  Anatomy ' :  Quotation  in  Reprints,  146. 

•QUERIES  :—' Pride  and  Prejudice' — 'Vertimmus' — Sir 
John  Ivory— Buddha  in  Christian  Art^'  The  Diaboliad ' 
—Wendell  Holmes  and  'N.  &  Q.,'  147— Directory,  c.  1660 

—  "  Usona"=U.S.A.  —  Trial  in  1776  —  Obvention  Bread 
— 'Arno    Miscellany,'    1784  — Adling    Street,     Bernard's 
Castle -Mazes,  148— Vicars  of  Dartmouth— Apple   Tree 
flowering  in  Autumn— Cocker— J.  M.  Crosby— R.  Delisle 
— Seventeenth  -  Century     Clergy — "  Collins  "=Letter    of 
Thanks— Lardiner  at  the  Coronation— Vavasour  Surname 
—"High  Days,  Holidays,  and  Bonfire  Nights,"  149— T. 
Kingston— Jacob  Henriquez  and  his  Seven  Daughters— 
"If  you  ask  for  salt,  you  ask  for  sorrow  " — Storrington— 
"  Blest  He  and  She  "—Bath  and  Henrietta  Maria,  150. 

BEPLIES :— Inscription  at  Hyeres,  15J)— Edward  Hatton, 
151— Duchess  of  Palata— Amaneuus  as  a  Christian  Name 
— Sir  S.  Duncombe — Moses  and  Pharaoh's  Daughter,  152 

—  Chideock  —  Denny    and     Windsor     Families,    153  — 
'Drawing-Room    Ditties'  —  English    Sepulchral    Monu- 
ments— " Leap  in  the  Dark " — "Denizen "  :    " Foreign  "  : 
-"Stranger,"  154— "The  Holy  Crows,"  Lisbon,  155— The 
King's    Butler— Red    Lion    Square    Obelisk — Stone    in 
Pentpnville    Road  — John    Brooke,    Fifteenth  -  Century 
Barrister — "Dispense  Bar,"  156 — E.I.C.'s  Marine  Service 
—Manor :  Sac  :  Soke— China  and  Japan— General  Haug, 
157— Folly,  158— French  Church  Registers— Dean  Alford's 
Poems— Liardet>-Capt.  R.  J.  Gordon,  159. 

NOTES     ON     BOOKS:-' Hungary    in    the    Eighteenth 

Century.' 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


SAINT-EVREMOND  :    DATE   OF  HIS 
BIRTH. 

THERE  is  considerable  uncertainty  as  to  the 
«xact  date  of  Saint-^vremond's  birth,  and 
it  may  be  doubted  whether  he  knew  that 
date  himself.  Thus,  in  a  letter  written  by 
him  in  the  name  of  Duchess  Mazarin,  in 
1696,  he  gives  his  age  as  80  (date  of  birth 
1616,  Giraud's  Edition,  iii.  317)  ;  in  one 
letter  to  Ninon  de  Lenclos,  of  1698,  he 
gives  his  age  as  100  (date  of  birth  1598, 
ibid.,  p.  394)  ;  and  in  another  letter  of  the 
same  year  as  88  (date  of  birth  1610,  ibid., 
p.  400)  ;  while  in  a  letter  of  the  same  year 
to  Barbier,  the  publisher,  he  says  he  is  85 
(date  of  birth  1613,  ibid.,  p.  431). 

Silvestre,  his  physician,  was  in  the  same 
«tate  of  uncertainty.  In  his  preface  to 
Saint-Evremond's  works,  dated  1  April,  1705 
(see  London  Edition  of  1705),  he  says  : — 

"  Saint-iTvremond  died  on  the  8/20  Sept.,   1703. 

...What  was  his  exact  age  has  never  been  as- 
certained, but  according  to  the  best  calculations 
made,  he  cannot  have  been  less  than  92  years  old," 
which  would  place  the  date  in  1611. 


Desmaizeaux,  Saint-Evremond's  acquain- 
tance and  biographer,  is  more  specific.  In 
the  first  edition  of  the  Life,  prefixed  to  the 
Amsterdam  Edition  of  the  works  issued 
in  1706,  he  states  definitely  that  Saint- 
Evremond  was  born  on  1  April,  1614  ;  but 
he  must  afterwards  have  seen  reason  to 
change  his  mind,  as  in  the  Edition  of  the  Life 
prefixed  to  the  London  edition  of  the  works 
of  1709,  the  date  is  altered  to  1  April,  1613  ; 
and  this  date  has  since  been  accepted  in 
most  biographical  notices. 

Unfortunately,  I  have  not  been  able  to 
discover  on  what  grounds  Desmaizeaux 
arrived  at  his  conclusions.  Though  devoid 
of  any  particular  gifts  as  a  writer,  he  was  a 
careful  compiler,  and  had  evidently  taken 
great  pains  to  obtain  exact  particulars  as  to 
Saint-Evremond's  birth  and  parentage, 
placing  himself,  for  that  purpose,  in  com- 
munication with  the  Abbe  Fraguier,  editor, 
or  one  of  the  editors,  of  the  Journal  des 
Savants,  a  man  of  learning,  and  about  to 
become  a  member  of  the  French  Academy. 
Fraguier,  in  turn,  placed  himself  in  com- 
munication with  one  of  the  professors  at 
Caen,  and  after  some  months,  on  14  August, 
1707,  wrote  to  Desmaizeaux  as  follows  : — 

"  Here  is  a  memo,  which  one  of  my  friends  has 
sent  me  from  Caen  touching  his  [S.-12.  s]  family  and 
the  year  of  his  birth  ;  and  this  is  all  that  a  man  of 
great  industry,  who  is  in  close  touch  with  the 
people  of  M.  de  Saint-lSvremond's  country,  has 
been  able  to  obtain  for  you.  As  to  the  certificate 
of  baptism,  it  has  not  been  discovered." — Birch 
MSS.  British  Museum,  vol.  283,  letter  signed 
"Denet,"  dated  11  June,  1706,  and  letters  of 
Fraguier,  dated  28  November,  1706,  and  14  August, 
1707. 

The  memo,  in  question  I  have  not  been 
able  to  discover.  It  is  not,  so  far  as  I  can 
trace — and  I  have  looked  carefully — in  the 
nine  volumes  which  contain  the  Desmaizeaux 
MSS.  in  the  Birch  Collection  ;  nor  has  M. 
Daniels,  who  seems  to  have  gone  over  the 
same  ground,  been  able  to  discover  it  either 
(see  Appendix  A,  p.  147  of  '  Saint -Evremond 
en  Angleterre,'  1907).  The  edition  of 
Desmaizeaux's  Life  as  published  in  1709 
differs  in  certain  particulars  from  that 
published  in  1706,  and  though  the  Life  in  the 
edition  of  1709  is  dated  15  November,  1706, 
yet  I  have  no  doubt,  from  internal  evidence, 
that  Desmaizeaux  had  utilized  the  memo, 
of  1707  in  making  some  at  least  of  the 
changes  in  question.  But  whether  the 
memo,  had  helped  him  to  change  1  April, 
1614,  to  1  April,  1613,  it  is  impossible  to  say, 

If,  then,  wre  accept  the  latter  date  as  the 
real  date  of  birth,  we  do  so  on  Desmaizeaux's 
ipse  dixit  alone.  Nor  did  that  satisfy 


142 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [n  s.  n.  A™.  20, 1919. 


Giraud,  the  most  learned  and  elaborate  of 
Saint-^vremond's  biographers.  He  throws 
the  birthday  back  to  1  April,  1610,  assigning  for 
reason  the  letter  to  Ninon  of  1698,  in  which 
S.-]£.  says  he  was  then  88  ('  (Euvres  melees 
de  S.-^l.,'  par  Charles  Giraud,  1865,  tome  i. 
p.  xiii.).  But,  as  already  stated,  S.-E.'s 
own  letters  give  an  uncertain  sound  ;  and 
also  it  is  pretty  clear  that  he  took  an  old 
man's  pride  in  bearing  his  years  so  well. 

Giraud  wrote  in  1865.  Three  years  later, 
Leopold  Quenault — or  Quenault,  the  name 
is  given  either  way — a  local  antiquary  and 
administrator,  consulted  what  remained  of 
the  registers  of  the  Commune  of  Saint - 
Denis-le-Gast,  and  discovered  the  following 
entry  : — 

"  On  5  January,  1614,  was  baptized  a  son  of  the 
noble  and  puissant  lord  Charles  de  Saint-Denis  de 
Hambye,  chdtelain  of  Saint-Denis-le-Gast,  and  the 
said  son  was  not  named." 

On  this  Quenault  judiciously  observes  that 
if  S.-^.'s  mother  had  brought  him  into  the 
world  on  1  April,  1613,  she  could  not  well 
have  produced  another  child  by  the  5th  of  the 
following  January  ;  so  that  the  former  date 
is  rendered  at  least  improbable.  Proceeding 
further,  Quenault  found  the  following  entry 
in  the  register  : — 

"  On  the  20th  day  of  January,  1616,  was  baptized 
a  son  of  the  noble  sire  of  Saint-Denis,  lord  and 
chdtelain  of  the  place,  and  was  named  Charles  by 
the  noble  and  puissant  lord,  Charles  of  Matignon, 
Count  of  Thorigny,  Governor  of  Normandy ;  and 
the  godmother  was  the  lady  wife  of  the  Baron  de 
Honmel,  daughter  of  the  lord  of  Carrisy— the  whole 
in  the  presence  of  several  gentlemen  and  noble 
ladies." 

Now  it  seems  just  possible  that  S.-3iJ.  was 
born  in  1613  ;  baptized,  but  without  all  the 
due  formalities — say  for  sudden  sickness — 
on  5  January,  1614  ;  and  the  ceremony 
completed  with  fuller  rites — the  presence  of 
the  Governor*  of  the  province,  &c. — on 
20  January,  1616.  But  such  long  delays 
seem  improbable.  It  appears  to  be  more 
likely  that  the  Charles  christened  in  1616 
was  born  at  a  later  date  than  1613,  and 
a  fortiori,  at  a  later  date  than  Giraud' s  1610. 
Then  comes  the  question  of  the  identity  of 
the  "  Charles  "  of  1616  ;  and  with  regard  to 
this,  it  is  to  be  observed  that,  so  far  as  is 
known,  the  only  son  of  the  chdtelain  of  Saint- 
Denis  named  Charles  was  S.-6.  Thus,  be- 
yond the  probability  that  it  was  he  who  was 


*  The  Count  of  Thorigny  had  been  recently  ap- 
pointed. He  made  his  official  entry  into  Caen  in 
1614.  See  G.  Vanel's  'Une  grande  Ville  au  dix- 
septieme  Siecle '  (Paris,  1910),  p.  44.  The  christen- 
ing may  have  been  delayed  to  secure  his  presence. 


christened  on  20  January,  1616,  we  are  in 
the  dark. 

Nor  do  subsequent  dates  help  us  much* 
The  first  precise  date  which  we  afterwards 
come  across  in  Desmaizeaux's  narrative  is 
that  of  the  siege  of  Landrecy,  when  S.-li). 
got  his  company.  This  was  in  1637,  a  date 
when,  according  to  Giraud,  S.-fi.  would  be 
27  ;  according  to  Desmaizeaux  himself,  24  ; 
and,  if  we  take  1616  as  the  date  of  birth, 
21  or  22  ;  and  all  these  ages  are  possible, 
for  soldiers  began  young  in  those  days. 

Sainte-Beuve,  whom  few  things  escaped, 
reviewing  Giraud's  book  in  1868,  refers  to 
Quenault's  investigations — which  will  be 
found  recorded  in  the  Bulletin  de  la  Societi 
des  Antiquaires  de  Normandie,  January, 
February,  and  March,  1868,  tome  v.  p.  226, 
&c. — but  came  to  no  conclusion  (see  article 
on  S.-E.  in  *  Nouveaux  Lundis,*  vol.  xiii., 
edition  of  1870,  p.  428).  And  where  Sainte- 
Beuve  hesitated,  we  may,  I  think,  hesitate 
too.  Personally,  I  incline  to  think  S.-E. 
was  born  somewhere  between  1614  and  1616. 
As  to  the  1st  of  April,  it  seems  to  rest  on  no 
evidence  that  we  can  check.  Even  in 
Fraguier's  time  parochial  records  were  known 
to  be  imperfect,  and  to  have  been  badly  kept, 
and  I  doubt  if  further  light  will  be  derived 
from  them.  FRANK  T.  MARZIALS. 

9,  Ladbroke  Square,  W. 


'  HUDIBRAS 


;      EARLIEST 
EDITION. 


PIRATED 


IN  the  most  up-to-date  biographical  account 
of  Samuel  Butler  it  is  said  : — 

"On  11  Nov.,  1662,  was  licensed,  and  early  in 
1663  appeared,  a  small  anonymous  volume  entitled 
*  Hudibras :  the  first  part  written  in  the  time  of 
the  late  wars.'  This  is  the  first  genuine  edition, 
but  the  manuscript  appears  to  have  been  pirated, 
for  an  advertisement  says  that  '  a  most  false  and 
imperfect  copy'  of  the  poem  is  being  circulated 
without  any  printer's  or  publisher's  name.  Exactly 
a  year  later  a  second  part  appeared,  also  heralded 
by  a  piracy." — '  D.  N.  B.,'  vol.  viii.  p.  75. 

The  concluding  words  indicate  that,  in 
the  case  of  the  first  as  well  as  of  the  second 
part,  the  pirated  appeared  before  the 
authorized  edition ;  and  the  occurrence 
is  so  strange  that  fuller  details  should  prove 
interesting.  A  little  confusion  on  the  point 
may  be  caused  at  the  outset  by  the  fact  that 
the  advertisement  of  the  piracy  of  the  first 
part  appeared  in  The  Kingdom^ s  Intelligencer 
....  From  Monday,  Decem.  29.  to  Monday, 
January  5.  1662;  but  that  is  the  old 
civil  year,  and  the  issue  in  reality  was  the 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  20,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


143 


earliest  of  1663.  It  appears  upon  inspection 
that  The  Kingdome's  Intelligencer  was  num- 
bered weekly,  and  in  1661  the  numbers  ran 
from  1  to  53,  the  last  being  "  from  Monday, 
Decemb.  23.  to  Monday,  Decemb.  30. 
1661."-  No.  1  of  1662  is  dated  "From 
Monday,  Decemb.  30.  to  Monday,  lanuary  6. 
1661  "  ;  but  in  the  British  Museum  Collec- 
tion (vol.  58)  it  is  bound  in  the  first  volume 
for  1662,  and  immediately  after  the  No.  1  for 
1663,  which  is  "From  Monday,  Decem.  29, 
to  Monday,  January  5.  1662."  It  was  on 
p.  9  of  the  latter  (which,  of  course,  is  the 
earliest  issue  of  1663)  that  the  following 
advertisement  appeared  : — 

"There  is  stol'n  abroad  a  most  false  imperfect 
Coppy  of  a  Poem  (called  Hudibras]  without  name 
either  of  Printer  or  Bookseller,  as  fit  for  so  lame 
and  Spurious  an  Impression.  The  true  and  perfect 
Edition  printed  by  the  Authors  Originall  is  sold  by 
Richard  Marriott  under  St.  Dunstan's  Church  in 
Fleet-street ;  that  other  nameless.  Impression  is  a 
Cheat,  and  will  but  abuse  the  buyer  as  well  as  the 
Author,  whose  Poems  deserves  to  have  falri  into 
better  hands." 

Posterity  decidedly  has  endorsed  the 
compliment  paid  in  these  last  words  ;  and 
that  is  not  the  only  unusual  feature  of  this 
very  striking  advertisement. 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 


"  UNECUNGGA  »  :    "  YNETUNGA." 

IN  the  oldest  copy  of  the  '  Tribal  Hidage,' 
that,  namely,  which  was  written  in  the 
Harley  MS.  No.  3271,  about  the  year  1000, 
there  appears  the  uncouth  land-name 
unecungga.  In  the  Cotton  MS.  Claudius 
D  II.,  of  the  twelfth  century,  we  find  the 
more  intelligible  ynetunga.  Another  British 
Museum  MS.,  Hargreave,  No.  313,  of  the 
thirteenth  century,  yields  wnetunga,  in 
which  the  initial  y  is  displaced  by  the  runic 
letter  for  w.  The  MSS.  are  surprisingly 
corrupt,  but  they  agree  in  assessing  the 
district  at  1,200  hides. 

Dr.  Birch,  to  whom  we  are  indebted  for 
many  details  (cf.  '  Cartularium  Saxonicum,' 
iii.  672),  suggested  that  "Unecungga"  was 
either  near  the  Onny,  in  Shropshire,  or  in  the 
Hundred  of  Ongar,  in  Essex.  Mr.  Brown- 
bill,  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  in  1901  (8  June  and  3  Aug.) 
identified  it  with  Wanating,  i.e.,  Wantage. 
But  none  of  these  is  suitable.  The  ending  is 
clearly  gd,  "  region,"  as  in  "  Ohtna  ga  "  and 
"  Oxiia  ga  "  ;  and  the  u  and  c*  of  the  earliest 

*  The  letters  c  and  t  have  collided  in  MS.  since 
the  third  century  (De  Vaines,  *  Dictionnaire 
raisonne  de  Diplomatique,'  1774,  ii.  382).  They 
have  been  confounded  one  with  the  other  since  the 
thirteenth  (ibid.,  i.  216). 


manuscript  form  may  be  amended  to  y  and  £ 
respectively.  Grammatical  form  is  wanting, 
however  ;  and  even  if  we  inserted  the  a 
of  the  genitive  plural  (as  if  ynetunga  ga)^ 
we  could  not  assign  a  meaning  to  -unga* 
There  are  reasons  for  supposing  that 
"  ynetun  "  represents  "  yneta."  In  some 
tenth-century  A.-S.  MSS.  the  letter  a  was 
first  formed  like  u,  and  then  finished  by  a 
stroke  set  transversely  across  the  two  limbs 
of  that  letter  ;  vide  B.  Thorpe's  facsmilei 
of  the  Corpus  MS.  of  the  '  Saxon  Chronicle,* 
where  half-a-dozen  instances  of  this  a  may 
be  found  in  the  last  eight  lines  of  annal  922. 
This  peculiarity  led  to  mistakes  in  copying, 
the  most  frequent  being  ti  and  it  for  a.* 
Another  possible  result  of  the  careless 
crossing  of  the  limbs  of  the  u  would  be  the 
expansion  of  the  supposed  compendium 
1  u  l  as  un.  This,  I  believe,  is  the  error  that 
lies  before  us,  and  for  ynetun  ga  I  would 
substitute  Yneta  ga,  provisionally.  This- 
form,  though  grammatical,  is  obscure. 

We  will  now  inquire  what  region  of 
1,200  hides  appears  to  have  been  omitted 
from  the  list.  In  his  '  Historia  Ecclesias- 
tica,'  IV.  xiv.,  Bede  allots  1,200  hides  to  the 
Wight.  But  this  does  not  seem  probable. 
The  Wight  contains  only  94,068  acres,, 
whereas  Anglesey,  which  Bede  reported  to 
be  assessed  at  960  hides  (II.  ix.),  has 
176,630  acres.  In  one  case  78  acres  go  to 
the  hide,  in  the  other  184.  Both  islands  are 
agricultural,  and  whatever  may  be  said  for 
the  fruitfulness  of  the  Wight,  there  can  be 
no  question  of  the  fertility  of  Anglesey.  It 
was  anciently  the  granary  of  North  Wales, 
and  its  name  in  Welsh  is  Mdn  mam  Gymru, 
"Mona  the  mother  of  Cambria."  More- 
over, the  list  includes  the  Isle  of  Wight 
under  the  name  of  Wihtgara  [land],  and 
assesses  it  at  600  hides.  I  conclude,  there- 
fore, that  Bede  fell  into  some  error  in  this 
particular. 

Speaking  of  the  Jutes  (I.  xv.),  Bede  dis- 
criminates between  "  ea  gens  quse  Uectam 
tenet  insulam  "  and  "  ea,  quse. . .  .lutarum 
natio  nominatur,  posita  contra  ipsam  in- 
sulam. .."•  We  have  here,  I  believe,  the 
explanation  of  Bede's  mistake  :  either  the 
hidage  is  that  of  the  whole  lutna  cyn  ( '  Saxon 
Chron.,*  a,  scr.  ca.  1100),  and  so  includes  the 
island  ;  or  it  excludes  the  island,  and  is  the 
assessment  of  the  Jutes  of  the  mainland  only. 
I  assume  the  latter  to  be  the  case,  and  I 
would  assign  the  1,200  hides  to  the  lutarum 


*  See  Archiv  fiir  cdtische  Lexicographic,  ii.  185, 
where  I  give  the  following  instances  with  their 
documentation  :  tibir :  abir  ;  tingle :  angle  ;  giti :  gai. 


144 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  IT.  AUG.  20, 1910. 


prouincia  ('  H.E.,'  u.s.),  the  Eota  land  of  the 
A.-S.  version.  Florence  of  Worcester  uses 
Bede's  phrase  in  one  place  (i.  276).  In 
another  (ii.  44)  he  says  the  New  Forest 
"  lingua  Anglorum  *  Ytene  *  nuncupatur," 
and  "Ytene"  here  equals  the  older  Ytena 
{y},  which  is  the  weak  genitive  plural. 

Our  correction  of  Bede,  then,  taken 
together  with  Florence's  report,  gives  us 
Ytena  [gd  or  land],  MCC.  hidarum.  Now  this 
assessment  ought  to  appear  in  the  '  Tribal 
Hidage.'  The  Jutish  name,  as  we  have  just 
now  seen,  maintained  itself  down  to  the 
twelfth  century ;  and  Jutish  autonomy 
survived  until  the  end  of  the  ninth,  if  we  may 
believe  John  of  Wallingford,  who  reports 
that  JElbert,  son  of  Aistulf,  the  last  king 
of  the  Jutes  of  Wight,  died  in  the  reign  of 
King  Alfred.  For  these  reasons  I  regard  the 
corrupt  words  we  are  considering  as  a  record 
of  the  Jutes  of  Hampshire,  and  instead  of 
"yneta  ga,"  the  provisional  emendation 
arrived  at  above,  I  read  Ytena  gd,  i.e.,  the 
qa  of  the  Jutes.  There  are  many  instances 
of  metathesis  like  ytena  :  yneta,*  and  it  is 
noteworthy  (1)  that  "  Ynetun  ga  "  comes 
next  before  "  Aro  saetna  [land],"  i.e.,  Dorset- 
shire, in  the  list  ;  and  (2)  that  the  other 
land -names  in  gd  therein  are  Jutish  also. 
ALFRED  ANSCOMBE. 


JACOBITE  GARTERS. — In  the  First  Series 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  (viii.  586)  is  a  query  relative 
to  the  origin  of  Jacobite  garters,  which  I 
have  never  seen  answered. 

Only  two  years  after  the  revolt  of  Charles 
Edward  in  1745-6  The  Gentleman's  Magazine 
(xviii.  461)  published  an  anonymous  '  Essay 
on  the  Garter,'  at  the  close  of  which  is 
suggested  the  origin  of  the  Jacobite 
garter  : — 

"  After  having  so  lavishly  spoken  in  praise  of  the 
garter,  I  cannot  but  disapprove  of  it,  when  it  is 
made  the  distinguishing  badge  of  a  party.  It  ought 
to  be  like  the  caestus  of  Venus,  so  beautifully 
described  in  my  motto,  and  not  to  be  daubed  with 
plaid,  and  crammed  with  treason.  I  am  credibly 
informed,  that  garters  of  this  sort  were  first  intro- 
duced in  the  late  rebellion  by  some  female  aid  de 
camps  ;  and  whether  or  not  such  ladies  are  to  be 
imitated,  is  worth  the  serious  consideration  of  the 
virtuous  part  of  the  fair  sex." 

GEORGE  BION  DENTON. 

Ann  Arbor,  Michigan. 


*  E.g.,  Argabafite :  Arbogaste ('HistoriaBrittonum,' 
cap.  xxix.) ;  Bedenestedun  :  Benedestedun  ('  Domes- 
day Book,'  ii.  54a,  85b) ;  Goronilla  :  Gonorilla  ('  The 
Red  Book  of  Hergest,'  ed.  Rhys  and  Evans,  ii.  65) ; 
<amphilabi :  amphibali  ('  Vita  Scti.  Columbse,'  ed. 
Reeves,  p.  113). 


THE  WARDEN  OF  WADHAM  AND  MATRI- 
MONY.— A  few  days  ago  I  received  a  letter 
from  a  friend  in  which  he  tells  me  that  there 
is  a  Railway  Act  that  contains  a  provision 
authorizing  the  Warden  of  Wadham  to 
marry.  My  friend  feels  certain  of  the  fact, 
as  he  remembers  turning  up  the  Act  itself 
some  years  ago  and  copying  the  clause.  He 
also  tells  me  that  this  Railway  Act  with  the 
matrimonial  clause  is  mentioned  in  one  of  the 
books  on  railways.  Unfortunately,  this 
book  has  been  mislaid  in  consequence  of 
dusting,  and  no  date  of  the  Railway  Act  is 
mentioned  by  my  friend. 

In  the  short  history  of  Wadham  written 
by  Mr.  J.  Wells,  p.  156,  mention  is  made 
of  a  special  Act  of  Parliament  allowing 
the  Warden  of  Wadham  to  marry,  passed  in 
1806.  Mr.  Wells  says  :  "It  need  hardly  be 
added  there  is  no  truth  in  the  college 
tradition  that  the  change  was  accom- 
plished by  a  clause  '  tacked  on  *  to  a  Canal 
Bill."  "The  Act  for  enabling  a  Married 
Person  to  hold  and  enjoy  the  Office  of 
Warden  of  Wadham  College  in  the  Univer- 
sity of  Oxford  ?>  is  recorded  in  Private  Acts, 
1806.  It  maybe  found  near  the  end  of  that 
year's  second  volume.  I  can  give  no  more 
precise  reference  as  the  Private  Acts  are  not 
numbered,  are  dated  only  by  the  session 
(46  George  III.),  and  the  volumes  are  un- 
paged. The  Act  of  1806  disposes  of  the 
matter  as  far  as  Wadham  is  concerned. 
Does  the  tradition  refer  to  the  head  of  some 
other  college  ?  A.  L.  MAYHEW. 

Wadham  College,  Oxford. 

THE  ORDER  OF  MERIT. — In  connexion 
with  the  institution  of  this  Order  and  the 
recent  appointment  to  it  of  new  members, 
it  may  be  interesting  to  qoute  the  following 
from  Irving's  '  Annals  of  our  Time  '  : — 

1873.  June  27. — "  Lord  Stanhope's  motion  for  an 
address  to  the  Queen,  praying  her  Majesty  to  take 
into  consideration  the  institution  of  an  Order  of 
Merit  to  be  bestowed  by  her  Majesty  as  a  sign  of 
her  royal  approbation  upon  men  who  have  deserved 
well  of  their  country  in  science,  literature,  and  art, 
negatived  after  a  brief  discussion." 

W.  B.  H. 

[The  foundation  of  an  Order  of  Civil  Merit  was 
suggested  by  '  N.  &  Q.'  on  1  November,  1851.  See 
1  S.  iv.  337,  and  MR.  A.  F.  ROBBINS'S  note  at  9  S.  x. 
341.] 

"  SWEET  LAVENDER."  (See  10  S.  x.  146 ; 
xii.  176.) — Suburban  London  has  received 
its  annual  July  visit  from  the  vendors  of  this 
fragrant  herb.  The  melodious  refrain  "  Buy 
my  sweet  la-ven-der  "•  has  been  chant 
once  more  throughout  streets  and  avenues, 
proclaiming  the  virtues  of  those  purple 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  20,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


145 


bunches  so  esteemed  by  the  careful  house- 
wife. Trade  therein  is,  however,  not  what 
it  was,  as  one  dusky  female  almost  tearfully 

I    informed   the  writer   in   salubrious   Hamp- 

1  stead.  Her  stock  was  the  product  of  a 
"  cut  "  from  the  fields  at  Mitcham,  once  noted 

<  for  a  prolific  supply,  now  unfortunately 
stated  to  be  on  the  wane.  >  It  is  to  be  hoped 

j  that  fresh  enterprise  may  be  available  for 
the  continued  cultivation  of  so  pleasant  and 
useful  a  plant  in  the  few  counties  of  England 
where  it  is  still  grown.  Anyway,  the  song  of 
"Sweet  Lavender"-  is  always  welcome. 
Let  us  hope  it  will  be  a  long  while  before  it 
ceases,  as  many  another  familiar  old  London 
cry  has  done.  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

"  SORNING." — In  an  article  in  the  current 
number  of  The  Cornhill  Magazine  the 
following  sentence  occurs  : — 

"  He  remembered  to  have  heard  that  Burma  was 
a  country  of  immense  possibilities,  if  only  the  Indian 
Government  would  stop  sorning  on  it,  to  use  the 
Scottish  term  for  extortion." 

I  am  not  aware  of  any  instance  of,  or 
authority  for,  the  use  of  this  well-known 
Scotch  word  in  the  sense  of  "  extortion.'* 
The  original  meaning  was  to  take  up  free 
quarters,  or,  as  Jamieson  has  it,  "  to  ob- 
trude one's  self  on  another  for  board  and 
lodging.'1  See  Jamieson's  '  Scottish  Dic- 
tionary,1 Longmuir's  edition,  1882.  Nowa- 
days this  objectionable  custom  is,  I  hope, 
seldom  carried  to  such  a  length  as  to  merit 
the  punishment  of  death,  to  which  sornaris 
were  at  one  time  liable  under  an  old  Act  of 
James  II.,  but  is  confined  to  sponging  upon 
one's  friends,  and  playing  the  unwelcome 
guest.  The  word,  however,  would  never 
convoy  to  a  Scotchman  the  idea  of  extor- 
tion. T.  F.  D. 

THE  NEGLECTED  OLD  FATHER  :  CHINESE 
PARALLEL. — A  Gaelic  story  is  quoted  as 
follows  from  J.  F.  Campbell  in  Mr.  Gomme's 
'  Folk-lore  as  an  Historical  Science,*  London, 
n.d.,  pp.  67-8  :— 

"There  was  a  man  at  some  time  or  other  who 
was  well  off,  and  had  many  children.  When  the 
family  grew  up  the  man  gave  a  well-stocked  farm  to 
each  of  his  children.  When  the  man  was  old  his 
wife  died,  and  he  divided  all  that  he  had  amongst 
his  children,  and  lived  with  them,  turn  about, 
in  their  houses.  The  sons  got  tired  of  him  and 
ungrateful,  and  tried  to  get  rid  of  him  when  he 
came  to  stay  with  them.  At  last  an  old  friend 
found  him  sitting  tearful  by  the  wayside,  and, 
learning  the  cause  of  his  distress,  took  him  home  ; 
there  he  gave  him  a  bowl  of  gold  and  a  lesson 
which  the  old  man  learned  and  acted.  When  all 
ie  ungrateful  sons  and  daughters  had  gone  to  a 
preaching,  the  old  man  went  to  a  green  knoll  where 


his  grandchildren  were  at  play,  and,  pretending  to 
hide,  he  turned  up  a  flat  hearthstone  in  an  old 
stance  [  =  standing-place],  and  went  out  of  sight. 
He  spread  out  his  gold  on  a  big  stone  in  the  sun- 
light, and  he  muttered,  'Ye  are  mouldy,  ye  are 
hoary,  ye  will  be  better  for  the  sun.'  The  grand- 
children came  sneaking  over  the  knoll,  and  when. 
they  had  seen  and  heard  all  that  they  were 
intended  to  see  and  hear,  they  came  running  up 
with,  'Grandfather,  what  have  you  got  there?' 
'  That  which  concerns  you  not ;  touch  it  not,'  said 
the  grandfather,  and  he  swept  his  gold  into  a  bag 
and  took  it  home  to  his  old  friend.  The  grand- 
children told  what  they  had  seen,  and  henceforth 
the  children  strove  who  should  be  kindest  to  the 
old  grandfather.  Still  acting  on  the  counsel  of  his 
sagacious  old  chum,  he  got  a  stout  little  black  chest 
made,  and  carried  it  always  with  him.  When  any 
one  questioned  him  as  to  its  contents  his  answer 
was,  '  That  will  be  known  when  the  chest  is 
opened.'  When  he  died  he  was  buried  with  great 
honour  and  ceremony,  and  the  chest  was  opened  by 
the  expectant  heirs.  In  it  were  founa  broken ; 
potsherds  and  bits  of  slate,  and  a  long-handled 
white  wooden  mallet  with  this  legend  on  its 
head : — 

Here  is  the  fair  mall 

To  give  a  knock  on  the  skull 

To  the  man  who  keeps  no  gear  for  himself, 

But  gives  all  to  his  bairn." 

Whether  or  not  it  has  one  and  the  same 
origin  with  this  Scottish  tale,  a  Chinese 
anecdote  of  a  similar  stamp  is  related,  with 
all  his  characteristic  eagerness,  by  Sze-ma 
Tsien,  the  greatest  historian  China  has  ever 
produced.  It  occurs  in  the  *  Life  of  Lu  Kia  * 
in  his  *  Shi-ki,*  written  c.  B.C.  97.  It  tells 
us  how  in  the  year  196  B.C.  the  Emperor  Hau- 
tsu  sent  Lu  Kia,  the  great  literate  and 
diplomat,  to  Tchao  To,  the  self-made 
monarch  of  Nang-yue,  in  order  to  subdue 
him  without  the  use  of  arms  (for  the  latter's 
life  see  Gamier,  *  Voyage  d'Exploration  en 
Indo-Chine,'  Paris,  1873,  torn.  i.  p.  469).  The 
eloquent  Lu  Kia  completely  brought  over 
Tchao  To,  so  that  the  latter  presented  the 
former  on  his  farewell  with  a  bag  containing 
valuables  worth  a  thousand  pieces  of  gold, 
to  which  he  added  another  thousand  for 
viaticum. 

After  the  Emperor  Hiao-hui  succeeded  his 
father  Hau-tsu  (B.C.  194),  the  Dowager -Em- 
press Lu  was  hankering  to  make  kings  of 
her  own  kindred,  quite  contrary  to  the  will 
of  her  deceased  husband.  Well  knowing 
his  incompetence  to  stop  this,  Lu  Kia 
pretended  to  be  unwell,  and  retired  to 
Hao-chi,  there  to  live  by  keeping  excellent 
farms. 

"  As  he  had  five  sons,"  the  narrative  continues, 
"  he  took  out  of  the  bag  the  valuables  Tchao-To  had 
given  him,  and  sold  them  for  one  thousand  pieces 
of  gold.  These  he  divided  amongst  his  sons,  telling 
each  to  thrive  with  the  fund  of  two  hundred  pieces. 
Lu  Kia  procured  for  himself  a  comfortable  carriage 


146 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  20, 1910. 


drawn  by  four  horses,  ten  attendants,  all  skilful  in 
music  and  dancing,  and  a  sword  which  cost  him 
one  hundred  gold  pieces.  Then  he  spoke  to  his 
sons  thus  :  *  Now  I  covenant  with  you  that  when- 
ever I  come  to  any  one  of  you,  you  shall  supply  me. 
my  attendants,  and  my  horses,  with  enough  of  food 
and  drink,  and  I  will  go  off  after  enjoying  them  for 
ten  consecutive  days.  Should  I  happen  to  die  in 
the  house  of  any  one  of  you,  my  sword,  my  carriage 
with  horses,  and  my  attendants,  will  all  fall  into 
Ihis  possession.  But  I  will  not  visit  any  one  of  you 
more  than  twice  or  thrice  a  year,  because  to  call  on 
you  more  frequently  would  make  you  entertain  me 
with  less  will,  whilst  a  prolonged  stay  in  one  and 
the  same  house  would  inevitably  be  followed  by 

your  getting  tired  of  me.' He  died  after  enjoying 

longevity." 

KUMAGUSU     MlNAKATA. 
Tanabe,  Kii,  Japan. 

ROBEBT  SINGLETON. — The  account  in  the 
*  D.N.B.1  is  very  unsatisfactory.  Singleton 
was  not  a  "  Roman  Catholic  divine.'*  It  is 
true  that  Antonio  Possevino,  S.J.,  treats 
him  as  such  in  his  *  Apparatus  Sacer  * 
(Cologne,  1608),  ii.  345-6,  and  adds  "he  is 
thought  to  have  died  a  martyr  in  London," 
and  that  Wood  and  Dodd  are  doubtful ;  but 
I  feel  sure  that  Dodd  had  never  seen 
Bale's  '  Scriptorum  Illustrium ....  Catalogus  * 
(Basle,  1557-9),  ii.  105,  if  Wood  had  (which 
I  doubt),  and  that  neither  had  seen  Fox's 
'  Actes  and  Monuments  *  on  the  subject.  See 
Townsend's  edition,  iii.  367  and  v.  600,  696, 
and  the  Appendix  to  the  latter  volume,  No. 
XII.  Singleton  had  got  into  difficulties 
together  with  Robert  Wisdom  and  Thomas 
Becon,  and  ail  three  made  their  recantations 
on  14  May,  1543,  which  can  be  read  in  the 
Appendix  to  vol.  v. 

Bale  says  he  was  executed  on  account  of  his 
work  *  On  Certain  Prophecies.1  Fox  says 
he  was  falsely  accused  of  the  murder  of 
Robert  Packington,  a  mercer  of  London,  and 
also  of  stirring  up  sedition,  but  really  suffered 
for  his  Protestant  opinions.  He  had  been 
chaplain  to  Anne  Boleyn,  and  that  was  not 
improbably  the  real  cause  of  his  death,  if  he 
were  guiltless  of  sedition.  There  is  no 
doubt  that  his  Christian  name  was  Robert. 
JOHN  B.  WAINEWBIGHT. 


"OBA??  =  "  NORIA."— In  The  Athenaeum 
of  16  July  there  is  a  review  of  '  Hinching- 
brooke,?  by  the  Earl  of  Sandwich.  In  it 
I  read  : — 

"He 

new  waterwor 
not  explain  what  this  word  really  meant,  but  the 
best  explanation  is  that  it  is  the  Spanish  noria,  a 
water-wheel  worked  by  a  mule.  There  is  no 
difficulty  as  to  the  loss  of  the  n,  as  the  confusion  of 
the  article  an  with  substantives  having  an  initial 
vowel  is  common  in  English,  and  a  noria  naturally 


[Pepys]  refers  on  June  15th,  1664,  to  the 
ater  works  and  the  Or  a.    The  author  does 


becomes  an  oria,  the  dropping  of   the  »  easily  fol- 
lowing this  corruption." 

This  tentative  explanation  is  not  satis- 
factory ;  even  if  we  pass  over  the  dropped  n, 
about  which  much  might  be  said,  there 
is  the  dropped  i.  I  has  never  dropped  in 


oriel,'2  "orient,"  or  "oriole.51  But  if  it 
be  remembered  that  noria  was  taken  into 
Spanish  from  the  Arabic  naura,  it  seems 
possible  that  the  word  ora  may  be  the 
second  syllable  of  the  Arabic  form.  The 
earliest  '  N.E.D.*  quotation  of  noria  is 
1792,  and  the  three  quotations  all  apply  to 
the  Spanish  word.  Searchers  may  possibly 
find  traces  of  the  word  having  come  into 
English  in  its  Arabic  form,  only  to  become 
lost  after  a  time. 

Noria  is  the  usual  French  name  for  the 
wheel  and  bucket  pump.  In  Southern 
France  this  pump  is  extensively  used  for 
irrigation  ;  it  was,  until  lately,  made  with 
ropes  and  earthen  pots,  like  the  sakia  of 
Egypt  or  the  Persian  wheel  of  India,  and 
it  creaked  like  these.  This  primitive  form 
has  been  superseded  by  the  modern  form, 
all  of  iron,  and  the  French  name  has  been 
imported,  but  good  Provencaux  do  not  use 
this  name ;  they  keep  to  the  old  word 
pouso-raco,  literally  the  "  spew- well,"  only 
using  the  imported  name  when  speaking 
French.  To  the  word  noria  citizenship 
is  refused  in  Mistral's  '  Tresor,1  the  great 
dictionary  of  the  Occitanian  language. 

EDWABD  NICHOLSON, 

Paris. 

BURTON'S  *  ANATOMY  OF  MELANCHOLY  ' : 
QUOTATION  IN  REPBINTS. — Under  the  frontis- 
piece (engraved  by  E.  Warren  after  Thurston) 
of  vol.  i.  of  the  ninth  edition  of  the  *  Ana- 
tomy,* London,  1800 — the  first  of  those  re- 
prints than  which  Charles  Lamb  knew  no 
more  "  heartless  sight  " — is  a  quotation  in 
verse  over  the  name  Penrose.  The  picture 
with  the  same  words  is  repeated  in  several 
later  editions.  The  author  is  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Penrose  (1742-79,  see  *D.N.B.?), 
and  the  source  is  stanza  7  of  *  Madness  *  in 
his  posthumous  '  Poems/  London,  1781.  I 
complete  the  quotation  by  adding  the  ; 
adjoining  words  : — 
[No  pleasing  memory  left — ]  forgotten  quite 
All  former  scenes  of  dear  delight, 
Connubial  love — parental  joy — 
No  sympathies  like  these  his  soul  employ, 
—But  all  is  dark  within,  [all  furious  black  despair.] 

The  last  line  rimes  with 

In  rage  he  grinds  his  teeth,  and  rends  his  streaming 

hair, 
at  the  end  of  the  preceding  stanza. 


ii  s.  IL  AUG.  20, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


147 


Byron  did  Penrose  the  honour  of  quoting 
two  lines  from  the  second  stanza  of  this  same 
poem  in  his  '  Second  Letter  to  John  Murray, 
Esq.,  on  the  Rev.  W.  L.  Bowles1  Strictures 
on  the  Life  and  Works  of  Pope,1  dated 
25  March,  1821,  first  published  in  1835. 
See  Lord  Byron's  '  Letters  and  Journals,* 
«d.  R.  E.  Prothero,  vol.  v.  p.  578. 

EDWABD  BENSLY. 

Bad  Wildungen. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


*  PBIDE  AND  PREJUDICE  * :  CALENDAR 
MISTAKE. — Mr.  Collins  in  his  letter  (chap, 
xiii,)  states  that  the  18th  of  November  is 
Monday.  When  in  the  next  year  Mr. 
Gardiner  writes  (chap,  xlix.)  a  letter,  he 
dates  it  "  Monday,  August  2."  If,  however, 
we  compute  from  Monday,  18  November, 
we  find  that  2  August  of  the  next  year  falls 
on  a  Saturday.  After  chap.  xlix.  the 
assumption  that  2  August  is  a  Monday  is 
continued,  and  the  events  are  arranged 
accordingly.  How  are  we  to  account  for 
this  discrepancy,  which  is  surprising,  as 
Jane  Austen  takes  all  through  the  novel 
particular  care  of  the  dates  ? 

T.  G.  ARAVAMUTHAN. 
Madras. 

1  VERTIMMUS.'— Will  any  reader  kindly 
give  me  more  particulars  about  a  play  named 
4  Vertimmus,*  of  which  all  I  know  is  that  it 
was  acted  by  the  students  of  St.  John's  when 
James  I.  visited  Oxford  ?  I  shall  also  be 
thankful  to  be  referred  to  books  from  which 
I  may  gather  more  information. 

T.  V.  SATAKOPACHARYA. 
Madras. 

SIR  JOHN  IVORY.— I  should  be  grateful  for 
any  biographical  details  of  this  gentleman, 
who  was,  I  believe,  knighted  in  1682.  He 
married  in  the  April  of  that  year  Anne, 
eldest  daughter  of  Sir  .John  Talbot  of 
Lacock  Abbey,  co.Wilts,  and  it  was  from  their 
son,  John  Ivory,  who  subsequently  took  the 
name  of  Talbot,  that  the  future  possessors  of 
that  property  were  descended.  I  believe, 
but  am  not  sure,  that  Sir  John  Ivory's 
father  was  named  William,  and  his  mother 
Anne.  The  family  property  was  situated 
at  New  Ross,  co.  Wexford. 

W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 


BUDDHA  IN  CHRISTIAN  ART. — On  a  holy- 
water  vat  or  bowl  of  bronze,  preserved  at 
Hojland  House,  bearing  an  inscription  that 
shows  that  it  was  cast  in  1484  by  one 
Michele  Caselli,  is  a  small  figure  of  Buddha 
in  his  usual  attitude  surmounted  by  a  right- 
handed  svastica,  the  symbol  of  life  and 
light.  On  another  part  of  the  bowl  is  a 
figure  of  the  Virgin  and  Child,  and  between 
them  the  beginning  of  the  verse  in  the 
Miserere  "  Asperges  me,"  which  shows  that 
the  bowl  was,  from  the  first,  intended  for 
Christian  religious  use. 

Do  any  of  your  readers  know  of  a  similar 
representation  of  Buddha  in  Christian  art  ? 
A  great  authority  on  Indian  archaeology  has 
suggested  that  this  particular  instance  may 
be  accounted  for  by  the  close  mercantile 
connexion  which  existed  between  Florence, 
whence  this  bowl  was  brought  by  Lord 
Holland,  and  the  East,  and  the  fact  that 
Buddha  was  introduced  into  the  calendar  of 
saint  under  the  name  of  St.  Joasaphat. 

J.  TAVENOR-PERRY. 
5,  Burlington  Gardens,  Chiswick. 

'THE  DiABOLiAD,'  BY  WILLIAM  COMBE. 
(See  10  S.  ix.  227  ;  xi.  458  ;  xii.  14,)— Part 
II.  of  '  The  Diaboliad  *  was  published  by  J. 
Bew,  28,  Paternoster  Row,  in  April,  1778. 
Like  'The  Diabolady,'  it  was  "dedicated 
to  the  Worst  Woman  in  His  Majesty's 
dominions."  It  is  noticed  in  Gent.  Mag., 
xlviii.  178.  Nine  ladies  are  satirized  in  its 
pages.  On  p.  19  Gertrude,  Duchess  of 
Bedford,  is  indicated  ;  on  p.  25  Elizabeth 
Chudleigh,  Duchess  of  Kingston  ;  on  p.  38 
Caroline,  Countess  of  Harrington.  On  p.  34 
Anne  Luttrell,  Duchess  of  Cumberland,  may 
be  hinted  at.  Can  any  correspondent  of 
'  N.  &  Q.1  fill  in  the  blanks  ? 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

WENDELL  HOLMES  AND  'N.  &  Q.' — I 
do  not  know  if  the  following  allusion  has  yet 
been  traced  in  '  N.  &  Q.*  In  '  The  Autocrat 
of  the  Breakfast  Table,'  section  12,  Holmes, 
speaking  of  personal  incidents  and  memorials 
which  strike  the  imagination,  writes  : — 

"  You  remember  the  monument  in  Devizes  Market 
to  the  woman  struck  dead,  with  a  lie  in  her  mouth. 
I  never  saw  that,  but  it  is  in  the  booka.  Here  is 
one  I  never  heard  mentioned  ;  if  any  of  the  '  Note 
and  Query '  tribe  can  tell  the  story,  I  hope  they 
will.  Where  is  this  monument?  I  was  riding  on 
an  English  stage-coach  when  we  passed  a  handsome 
marble  column  (as  I  remember  it)  of  considerable 
size  and  pretensions.— What  is  that?  I  said.— 
That, — answered  the  coachman, — is  the  hangman's 
pillar.  Then  he  told  me  how  a  man  went  out  one 
night,  many  years  ago,  to  steal  sheep.  He  caught 
one,  tied  its  legs  together,  passed  the  rope  over  his 


148 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      pi  s.  n.  AUG.  20,  mo. 


head,  and  started  for  home.  In  climbing  a  fence 
the  rope  slipped,  caught  him  by  the  neck,  and 
strangled  him.  Next  morning  he  was  found  hang- 
ing dead  on  one  side  of  the  fence  and  the  sheep  on 
the  other;  in  memory  whereof  the  lord  of  the 
manor  caused  this  monument  to  be  erected  as  a 
warning  to  all  who  love  mutton  better  than  virtue." 

With  the  record,  of  the  Sapphira  of  Devizes, 
who  has  now,  I  think,  reached  picture  post- 
card honours,  I  am  familiar,  but  I  do  not 
know  where  the  "  Hangman's  Pillar  "  is. 

Holmes  has  another  reference  to  our  paper 
in  Section  3,  where  he  jokingly  compares 
Homer's  melas  oinos  with  molasses  : — 

"Ponder  thereon,  ye  small  antiquaries  who  make 
barn-door-fowl  flights  of  learning  in  Notes  and 
Queries  !  " 

I  dare  say  there  is  an  annotated  edition 
of  '  The  Autocrat, l  but  I  do  not  know  of  it. 

NEL  MEZZO. 

['  N.  &  Q.'  has  not  overlooked  the  sheepstealer 
hanged  by  a  sheep ;  see  8  S.  viii.  106, 170,  236,  334 ; 
ix.  475  ;  xi.  11.] 

DIBECTOBY,    c.    1660. — Can   any   of   your 
readers   tell  me   where   the   following   lines 
come  from  ?     They  were  written  about  1660  : 
Who 's  this  that  comes  from  Egypt  with  a  story 
Of  a  new  pamphlett  call'd  a  directory? 
His  cloke  is  something  short,  his  looks  demure, 
His  heart  is  rotten  and  his  thoughts  impure. 
In  this  our  land  this  Scottish  hell-hatch'd  brat, 
Like  Pharaoh's  lean  kine,  will  devour  ye  fatt. 
Lord,  suffer  not  thy  tender  vine  to  bleed  ; 
Call  home  thy  shepherd  which  thy  lambs  may  feed. 
HENBY  R.  PLOMEB. 

[The  allusion  in  the  first  two  lines  is  probably  to 
'  The  Directory  for  the  Publick  Worship  of  God  ; 
agreed  upon  by  the  Assembly  of  Divines  at  West- 
minster,' and  adopted  by  the  Scottish  General 
Assembly  in  1645.] 

"USONA"  =  U.S.A. — Can  any  reader 
say  who  was  the  author  of  the  title  Usona  as 
applied  to  the  U.S.A.,  also  when  and  where 
it  was  first  used  ?  The  word  appears  to  be 
derived  from  the  initial  letters  of  United 
States  Of  North  America.  The  eminent 
Danish  philologist  Prof.  Otto  Jespersen 
seeks,  in  a  Continental  monthly,  for  facts 
about  the  title  ;  but  the  information  would 
be  of  interest  to  many  besides.  J.  M.  D. 

TBIAL  IN  1776. — Do  any  of  your  readers 
know  of  a  trial  in  the  early  months  of  1776 — 
probably  February — for  which  peers  would 
have  the  right  of  giving  tickets  ?  In  a  letter 
which  I  have  from  the  Lord  Rosebery  of 
that  date  he  promises  a  "  ticket  for  the 
trial "  to  my  great -grandfather  Walter 
Spencer-Stanhope,  M.P.,  and  explains  what  a 
great  demand  there  is  among  his  friends  for 


these  tickets  of  admission.  I  should  be 
much  obliged  if  any  of  your  readers  could 
throw  light  on  what  trial  it  can  have  been^ 
Answers  may  be  sent  to  me  direct. 

(Mrs.)  A.  M.  W.  STIBLING. 

30,  Launceston  Place,  Kensington,  W. 

[The  notorious  Elizabeth  Chudleigh,  Duchess  of 
Kingston,  was  tried  for  bigamy  by  the  House  of 
Lords  in  April,  1776.] 

OBVENTION  BBEAD. — The  income  of  a 
Salop  vicarage  before  the  Reformation  is 
quoted  in  Owen  and  Blakeway's  '  History 
of  Shrewsbury'  (vol.  ii.  p.  268).  In  the 
schedule  is 

"  Tithe  of  a  culture  called  Hencotesley  10s.  (A 
culture  is  a  large  ploughed  field.) 

"  His  altarage  is   worth   10*.   a  year,  which  is. 
capable  of  proof,  because  he  leases  half  of  it  for 
5s.,  reserving  to  himself  obvention  bread." 
Was  this  a  gift  made  by  the  parishioners  to 
their  priest  ?  R.  B. 

Upton. 

[The  'N.E.D.'  says  that  an  obvention  in  ecclesias- 
tical law  is  an  incoming  fee  or  revenue,  especially 
one  of  an  occasional  or  incidental  character.] 

'  ABNO  MISCELLANY,*  1784. — Is  there  any 
definite  information  with  regard  to  the 
authorship  of  the  above  ?  It  is  a  thin 
octavo,  printed  at  Florence,  at  the  Stamperia 
Bonducciana,  in  1784.  Halkett  and  Laing 
('Diet.  Anonymous  and  Pseudonymous 
Lit.,1  Edin.,  1882)  mention  it  as  the  "  Arno 
Miscellany  :  a  collection  of  fugitive  pieces- 
By  a  Society  called  the  Oziosi,"  and  then 
add  in  brackets  "  Robert  Merry,  —  Roscoe, 
&c."  They  also  state  that  it  was  privately 
printed,  and  was  the  precursor  of  the 
'  Florence  Miscellany.*  I  am  aware  of 
Walpole's  mention  of  it.  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

ADLING  STBEET,  BEBNABD'S  CASTLE. — 
Where  precisely  was  this  street  in  the  City 
of  London  ?  Has  it  been  renamed,  or  what 
building  or  space  occupies  its  site  ?  Pre- 
sumably by  "  Bernard's  "  is  meant  Barnard's 
Castle.  I  cannot  find  it  in  any  topo- 
graphical dictionary  of  London.  Jol 
Windet,  printer  and  bookseller,  dwelt  at 
"The  White  Bear"  in  Adling  Street. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 


MAZES. — A  maze  marked  out  in  the  pave  - 
ment  of  the  west  porch  of  Ely  Cathedral  has- 
been  there  since  1870.  It  is  said  to  be  a  copy 
of  some  foreign  example.  Can  anybody 
tell  me  of  which  ? 

In  '  Secret  Chambers  and  Hiding-Places, 
by  Allan  Fea,  mention  is  made  of  a  curious 
maze  of  evergreens,  planted  in  the  form  of  a 


' 


ii  B.  11.  AUG.  20,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


149 


cross,  which  exists  in  the  grounds  of  Myddle- 
ton  Lodge,  near  Ilkley.  Has  the  design  of 
this  ever  been  published  ? 

Does  any  plan  survive  of  the  labyrinth  at 
Woodstock  associated  with  Fair  Rosamond, 
which,  in  ruins,  was  yet  discernible  in 
Dray  ton's  time  ?  ST.  S  WITHIN. 

VICABS  OF  DARTMOUTH. — Can  any  one 
favour  me  with  any  details  of  the  following 
Vicars  of  Dartmouth  ? 

1653,  John  Flavell. 

1662,  Nicholas  Battersby. 

1685,  Humphrey  Smith. 

1709,  William  Prichard. 

1723,  Richard  Kent. 

1726,  Henry  Holdsworth. 

1763,  John  Nosworthy. 

1779,  George  Gretton. 

In  particular,  I  want  references  to  any 
portraits  of  or  works  by  them.  Kindly 
reply  direct. 

T.  CANN  HUGHES,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 
Lancaster. 

APPLE  TREE  FLOWERING  IN  AUTUMN. — 
There  are  two  apple  trees  on  a  farm  not  far 
from  here  which  frequently  produce  a  few 
flowers  in  October  or  November.  Some 
years  ago  I  drew  the  attention  of  a  working- 
man  on  the  property  to  them,  and  he  told 
me  in  a  very  grave  tone  that  he  did  not  like 
to  see  them,  for  they  forboded  'misfortune, 
and  perhaps  even  death.  Is  this  super- 
stition widely  prevalent,  or  is  it  confined  to 
this  neighbourhood  only  ? 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Kirton  -in  -Lindsey . 

COCKER. — Saxon  James  Nicholas  Cocker 
and  George  Thomas  Cocker  were  admitted 
to  Westminster  School  9  Oct.,  1817.  I  am 
desirous  of  obtaining  particulars  of  their 
parentage  and  career.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

JOHN  MONTAGUE  CROSBY  was  admitted 
to  Westminster  School  23  June,  1783.  I 
should  be  glad  to  learn  the  names  of  his 
parents,  any  particulars  of  his  career,  and 
the  date  ot  his  death.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

ROBERT  DELISLE  left  Westminster  School 
at  Bartholomew-tide,  1805.  Any  informa- 
tion about  him  would  be  useful. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

SEVENTEENTH  -  CENTURY  CLERGY.  —  Can 
any  one  supply  the  Christian  names  (as  an 
aid  to  identification)  of  the  respective 
ministers  of  SS.  Anne  and  Agnes  or  of  St. 
John  Zachary  surnamed  as  follows  ? — 


Boulte  (1620),  Kennett  (1622),  Rogers  (1635), 
Bolton  (1641),  Wells  (1645),  Poole  (1649), 
Creswell  (1651),  and  Harrison  (1652). 

Can  the  fourth  be  the  Dr.  Samuel  Bolton 
of  the  Westminster  Assembly,  and  the  sixth 
Matthew  Poole,  the  Biblical  commentator  ? 
I  should  be  glad  to  connect  the  second  in 
some  way  with  the  famous  White  Kennett, 
Bishop  of  Peterborough. 

WILLIAM  MCMURRAY. 

"  COLLINS  "= LETTER  OF  THANKS. — What 
is  the  origin  of  this  name  for  the  customary 
letter  of  thanks  after  having  stayed  with 
friends  ?  The  more  common  term  would 
appear  to  be  "  bread-and-butter  letter. J* 

P. 

[We  have  heard  "roofer"  also  used  for  such  a 
letter.] 

LARDINER  AT  THE  CORONATION. — In  Cam- 
den's  '  Britannia  *  (ed.  Gibson,  2nd  ed., 
n.d.,  vol.  i.  p.  459)  the  following  statement 
appears  : — • 

"  At  a  little  distance  [from  Hingham,  co.  Norfolk] 
is  Skulton  (now  Scoulton),  otherwise  called  Burdos, 
which  was  held  on  condition  that  the  lord  of  it  at 
the  Coronation  of  the  Kings  of  England  should  be 
chief  Lardiner,  as  they  call  him." 

No  trace  of  this  word  is  to  be  found  in  Skeat 
or  Wright. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  supply  information 
as  to  the  duties  of  the  Chief  Lardiner  ?  When 
was  the  claim  to  appear  at  the  Coronation 
last  exercised  ?  L.  G.  R. 

Reform  Club.   - 

[The  Lardiner  is  a  venerable  official,  as  his 
Coronation  duties  date  at  least  from  the  fourteenth 
century.  See  the  quotations  in  the  'N.E.D.,'  rang- 
ing from  that  date  to  1887,  and  including  the  one 
from  Camden.] 

VAVASOUR  SURNAME  :  ITS  DERIVATION. — 
Mr.  Vavasour  says  in  the  novel  '  Two  Years 
Ago  *  that  the  surname  Vavasour  means  a 
tenant  farmer,  "neither  more  nor  less." 
Could  you  inform  me  on  what  basis  this 
assertion  rests  ?  What  is  the  derivation  of 
the  surname  Vavasour  ? 

HENRY  SAMUEL  BRANDRETH. 

"HIGH  DAYS,  HOLIDAYS,  AND  BONFIRE 
NIGHTS." — In  my  young  days  in  Cornwall 
it  was  a  regular  saying,  when  one  bought 
any  article  of  clothing  or  ornament  that  was 
somewhat  out  of  the  common,  that  it  was  to 
be  used  only  on  "high  days,  holidays,  and 
bonfire  nights.'*  Was  this  saying  common 
elsewhere  ?  R.  ROBBINS. 

[It  has  been  familiar  for  many  years  to  us  in 
London.]  - 


150 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  20, 1010. 


THOMAS  KINGSTON. — Thomas  Kingston, 
cousin  of  Charlotte  Bronte,  and  son  of 
John  Kingston  (born  at  Towcester)  and  Jane 
Branwell,  died  in  London  in  1855.  What 
was  his  profession  ?  Did  he  leave 
descendants  ?  and  who  was  the  husband  of 
a  sister  of  his  who  is  said  to  have  emigrated 
to  America  ?  J.  HAMBLEY  ROWE,  M.B. 

Bradford. 

JACOB  HENBIQUEZ  AND  HIS  SEVEN 
DAUGHTEBS. — Goldsmith  says  in  Essay  X.  : 
' '  I  will  still  persist  like  that  venerable,  un- 
shaken, and  neglected  patriot  Mr.  Jacob 
Henriquez,  who,  though  of  the  Hebrew 
nation,  hath  exhibited  a  shining  example 
of  Christian  fortitude  and  perseverance.'* 
Henriquez  has  publicly  advertised  his  willing- 
ness to  serve  the  State  by  allowing  his  ' '  seven 
blessed  daughters  "  to  take  up  arms  in  its 
defence.  I  gather  that  from  the  tenor  of  the 
essay  on  '  Female  Warriors.*  Who  was  this 
worthy,  and  what  became  of  his  seven 
daughters  ?  M.  L.  R.  BBESLAB. 

"IF    YOU    ASK    FOB    SALT,     YOU    ASK    FOB 

SOBBOW." — I  returned  to  my  house  here 
on  the  day  before  August  Bank  Holiday  after 
an  absence  of  nearly  six  months.  On  Bank 
Holiday  it  was  found  that  the  caretakers  had 
left  hardly  any  salt  behind  them.  The  shops 
being  closed,  I  proposed  to  borrow  some 
from  a  neighbour.  One  of  my  servants, 
a  girl  from  Stockton  Heath,  Cheshire,  close 
to  Warrington,  expressed  a  hope  that  this 
would  not  be  done,  saying,  "  If  you  ask  for 
salt,  you  ask  for  sorrow." 

Is  this  a  general  proverbial  saying  ? 

ROBEBT    PlEBPOINT. 

St.  Austin's,  Warrington. 

STOBBINGTON. — What  is  the  origin  of  the 
name  of  this  Sussex  town  ? 

EDWARD   NICHOLSON. 
Paris. 

"  BLEST  HE  AND  SHE." — Where  may  the 
following  lines  be  found  ? 

How  blest  is  he,  above  all  doubt, 
That  never  puts  himself  about ! 
Thrice  blest  is  she,  above  all  doubt, 
That  never  puts  herself  about. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

BATH  AND  HENBIETTA  MABIA. — I  wish  t< 
learn  in  what  year  the  houses  attached  to  th 
Abbey  Church,  Bath,  were  pulled  down,  an< 
if  it  is  true  that  Henrietta  Maria  in  he 
flight  to  Bristol  slept  in  one  of  those  houses. 
ALBEBT  W.  GIBBS. 


INSCRIPTION  IN  HY&RES 
CATHEDRAL. 
(US.  ii.  109.) 
'HEBE  is  not,  and  there  never  has  been,  a 
athedral  at  Hyeres,  and  the  inscriptions 
ecorded  by  W.  H.  S.  are  in  the  interior  of 
he  church  of  St.  Louis,  which,  though  of 
ligh  antiquity,  cannot  claim  to  be  the  parish 
hurch  of  Hyeres.  That  honour  belongs  to 
he  church  of  St.  Paul,  which  is  situated 
>n  the  slope  of  the  hill  below  the  ruins  of  the 
astle.  The  church  of  St.  Louis  appears  to 
lave  been  built  by  the  Templars,  and  after 
he  fall  of  that  body  it  passed  into  the 
lands  of  the  Cordeliers  or  Franciscans, 
t  is  now  one  of  the  district  churches  of 
Hyeres. 

The  first  inscription  quoted  by  W.  H.  S. 
was  engraved  in  Gothic  letters  upon  a 
:ablet  which  was  let  into  the  wall  above  the 
;omb  of  Guillaume  or  Amelin  de  Fos, 
^enerally  known  as  the  c'  Grand-Marquis." 
Chis  tomb,  which  was  originally  placed  on 
;he  left  of  the  principal  door  of  the  church, 
las  completely  disappeared  ;  but  the  tablet 
was  taken  down  in  1855,  when  the  doorway 
was  widened,  and  placed  in  the  sacristy, 
where  it  still  remains.  It  is  fairly  legible, 
t  the  copy  given  by  W.  H.  S.  has  one  or 
two  misreadings.  The  following  is  the  correct 
Tanscription  : — 

t  HIC  :  JACET  : 

DOMNVS  :  G  :  D 

:  :  E  FOSIS  :  DO 

MINVS   :   AREA 

RVM  :  QVI  :  OB 

IIT  :  ANNO  :  DOM 

INI  :  M  :  CC  :  nil  :  O 

RATE  I  PRO  :  EO  t 

which  may  be  translated  into  English : 
"  Here  lies  the  Lord  Guillaume  de  Fos,  Lord 
of  Hyeres,  who  died  in  the  year  of  the  Lord 
1204.  Pray  for  him.w 

When  the  port  of  Olbia  was  destroyed  in 
the  sixth  century,  the  inhabitants  are 
believed  to  have  taken  refuge  on  the  hill  on 
which  the  town  of  Hyeres  was  afterwards 
built,  and  on  which  were  the  ruins  of  several 
Roman  villas  and  farms,  to  which  threshing- 
floors  were  attached.  The  refugees  therefore 
called  the  fortified  village  which  they  built 
Castrum  Arearum.  In  Provencal  lero,  de- 
rived from  area,  signified  a  threshing-floor, 
and  thence,  through  Eiras,  Ahires,  leres, 
and  other  forms  that  are  found  in  ancient 
charters,  the  name  of  the  modern  town 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  20,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


151 


Hyeres  is  derived.  The  family  of  Fos  or  Foz 
(in  Latin  de  Fossis,  from  the  fossae,  or  fosses, 
which  gave  their  name  to  Fossce-Mariance, 
near  Fos-les-Martigues)  was  traditionally 
believed  to  be  descended  from  Pons,  a 
younger  brother  of  Boson  the  elder,  Count 
of  Provence  and  King  of  Aries,  who  died  in 
the  year  948.  This  family  of  Fos  held  the 
seigneury  of  Hyeres  from  about  that  date 
to  1257,  when  it  was  ceded  to  Charles  of 
Anjou,  whose  statue,  which  formerly  occu- 
pied the  spot  on  which  the  statue  of  Massillon 
now  stands,  will  be  remembered  by  visitors 
to  Hyeres  as  dominating  the  public  garden 
in  the  Boulevard  d'Orient. 

Of  the  other  inscription  in  the  church  of  St. 
Louis  I  cannot  offer  a  translation.  It  was 
mutilated  at  the  time  of  the  Revolution, 
when  the  church  was  temporarily  converted 
into  an  oil-mill.  M.  Alphonse  Denis,  in 
his  valuable  work,  *  Hyeres  Ancien  et 
Moderne,*  says  that  he  found  it  impossible 
to  decipher  it ;  and  the  old  Gothic  letters  are 
certainly  not  plainer  now  than  when  he 
published  the  first  edition  of  his  book  in  1835. 
W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 


EDWARD  HATTON  (US.  ii.  9,  54,  96). — 
The  following  items  appear  in  *  A  Catalogue 
of  English  Heads  '  by  Joseph  Ames,  1748  : — 

"  E.  Hatton,  ^Etatis  SUJB  35.  1669.  R.  White  del. 
&  sc.  Oval  Frame,  Wig,  Neckcloth,  Arms."— P.  85. 

"Edward  Hatton.  W.  Sherwin  sc.  Oval  Frame, 
long  Wig,  Neckcloth."-?.  89. 

This  Catalogue  is,  according  to  the 
dedication  to  the  Honourable  James  West 
(himself  apparently  a  collector  of  portraits), 
a  ' '  small  Endeavour  to  perpetuate  the 
Memory  of  such  English  Persons,  as  had 
been  collected  by  Mr.  Nicholls,  F.R.S." 

The  following  is  in  'A  Catalogue  of  En- 
graved British  Portraits  from  Egbert  the 
Great  to  the  Present  Time,'  by  Henry 
Bromley,  1793,  p.  190:— 


Edward  Hatton, 
Arithmet. 

prefixed      to     his 
4  Index  to  Interest  ' 
8vo    

Painter  or 
Designer. 

Engraver  or 
Printseller. 

W.  Sherwin. 
G.  Vertue. 

R.  White. 

—  ret.  32,    1696,    pre- 
fixed to  his  Arith- 
metick, 4to 

Phipps 
ad  vivum 

Excepting  that   the  description   "Arith- 
met." is  omitted,  the  above,  in  almost  the 

same  words,  is  in  Mark  Noble's  '  Biographical 
History  of  England,*  1806  (in  continuation  of 
Granger's),  ii.  312.  Noble  adds  : — 

"  The  first  print  is  one  of  the  best  specimens  of 
Sherwin's  manner,  as  the  last  is  one  of  the  worst 
of  White's. 

"Hatton  wrote  many  books  on  arithmetic: 
amongst  which  were,  the  *  Merchant's  Magazine,' 
the  *  Comes  Commercii ;  or  the  Trader's  Com- 
panion.' There  is  an  improved  edition  of  the  latter 
by  Dunn  and  Luckcombe." 

It  will  be  noticed  that,  according  to  Ames, 
White's  portrait  was  drawn  in  Hatton's 
thirty-fifth  year,  whereas  Bromley  and  Noble 
say  in  his  thirty-second  year — not  when  he 
was  32  years  old  (see  ante,  p.  96).  Further, 
Ames  gives  1669  as  the  date  of  the  portrait, 
no  doubt  erroneously. 

In  a  '  Catalogue  of  Engraved  Portraits  ' 
for  sale,  dated  1909,  issued  by  Suckling  & 
Co.,  of  13,  Garrick  Street,  is  the  following  : — 

"Hatton  (Edward),  Arithmetician,  born  1664, 
8vo,  engraved  by  Sherwin." 

In  the  Warrington  Museum  Library  is  a 
copy  of  *  An  Index  to  Interest J  by  E. 
Hatton,  Philomath,  1711.  The  portrait  is 
missing.  The  dedication  to  Hugh,  Lord 
Willoughby  of  Parham,  is  signed  Edward 
Hatton.  At  the  end  is  a  leaf  containing  the 
following  advertisements  : — 

Books  Written  by  E.  Hatton.     price  in 

Calves  Leather. 

1694.  The  Merchants  Magazine,  or  Trades-  8.    d. 

man's  Treasury           04    6 

1696.  Decus  &  Tutamen  (of  Enlish  [sic]  coin)  01    6 

1697.  The  Collectors    Companion   for    the  [No  price 

Capitation  Tax given.] 

1699.  Comes   Commercii,    or   the    Traders 

Companion        02    6 

1708.  A  New  View  of  London  or  an  ample 

Account  of  the  Antient  and  Present 
State  thereof  in  2  Vol.  8°  with  Maps 
and  Cuts 12  0 

1709.  A  Divine  Help  to  Happiness  ...        ...      02    6 

1710.  An  Index  to  Interest     06    0 

Records  Arithmetick,  Revised  and  much  Improv'd, 

particularly  as  to  the  Rules  of  Practice.  Dedicated 
and  Presented  to  the  Duke  of  Gloucester  : 

This  advertisement  leaf,  although  pasted  in, 
is  apparently  contemporary  with  the  book. 
Several  of  the  above  are  not  mentioned  in 
Watt's  *  Bibliotheca  Britannica,'  notably 
'  A  New  View  of  London,''  a  very  interesting 
and  valuable  book  of  reference.  Of  this 
book,  published  anonymously,  Halkett  and 
Laing  give  the  author's  name  as  Edward 
Hatton,  and  add  :  "  See  Gough's  Topogr. 
i.  572.  See  an  account  of  the  author  in 
Sir  J.  Hawkins's  Hist,  of  music,  vol.  4.  504." 

The  Dominican  suggested  by  MB.  MAY- 
COCK  (ante,  p.  54)  cannot,  apparently,  be  the 
subject  of  the  query,  as  he  was  only  about 


152 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  20, 1910. 


fourteen  years  old  when  William  Sherwin, 
the  engraver  of  the  portrait  mentioned,  is 
believed  to  have  died. 

The  *  Dictionary  of  National  Biography  * 
does  not  give  Edward  Hatton,  arithmetician  ; 
and  Allibone  only  says  "Works  on  Arith- 
metic, 1699-1728."  1699  is  obviously  in- 
correct. ROBEBT  PlEBPOINT. 

St.  Austin's,  Warrington. 

DUCHESS  or  PALATA  (11  S.  ii.  29,  99).— 
The  reply  by  LEO  C.,  stating  that  the  title 
Duke  of  Palata  was  conferred  in  1793  on  the 
Azlor  family,  is  incorrect.  Francisco  Toralto 
(or  Toraldo)  di  Aragona,  Prince  of  Massa 
(Naples),  was  created  Duke  of  Palata  (prov. 
of  Molise)  by  Philip  IV.  of  Spain  in  1646.  I 
notice  the  query  is  as  to  a  duchess  ;  and  it  is 
peculiar  to  the  title  that  for  about  a  century 
it  descended  through  four  generations  of 
females,  being  finally  inherited  by  the  house 
of  Azlor,  Counts  of  Guara  in  Aragon,  which 
also,  in  the  person  of  the  fourth  Count, 
succeeded  to  the  Dukedom  of  Villahermosa 
in  1761. 

Francisca,  daughter  and  heiress  of  the 
first  Duke  by  a  Frezza-Orsini,  married 
(1662)  Melchior  de  Navarra  y  Rocafull 
(d.  1691),  Viscount  of  La  Torrecilla,  Governor 
of  Peru,  the  Tierra  Firme,  and  Chile,  who 
belonged  to  the  Marquises  of  Cortes,  ille- 
gitimate scions  of  Navarre-Evreux.  Their 
daughter  Cecilia,.  Duchess  of  Palata,  mar- 
ried a  Count  of  Alba  de  Liste,  and  again 
left  an  heiress,  Francisca  Elena,  wife  of  a 
Zapata  de  Calatayud,  Count  del  Real 
(Valencia).  The  daughter  by  this  union,  Ines 
Maria  Zapata,  &c.,  was  wife  of  Juan  Jos6  de 
Azlor  de  Aragon,  third  Count  of  Guara 
(d.  1748).  Since  the  succession  of  his  son, 
Juan  Pablo  de  Azlor  (d,  1790),  fourth  Count, 
to  the  Villahermosa  dukedom,  that  of  Palata 
has  been  merged  in  it,  and  will  so  continue, 
unless  detached  at  some  time  or  another  in 
favour  of  a  cadet,  the  laws  of  succession  in 
both  cases  being,  I  believe,  identical. 

The  original  grantees,  Toraldo  or  Toralto, 
added  the  patronate  name  "  di  Aragona  " 
to  their  own  by  alliance  with  a  female 
Piccolomini,  descended  from  the  Aragonese 
line  of  Naples,  who  were  prodigal  of  the 
distinction.  There  is  a  short  account  of 
them  in  Aldimari's  '  Historia  genealogica 
della  famiglia  Carafa,1  vol.  iii.  p.  343,  Naples, 
1691  ;  also  in  Mazzella's  '  Descrittione  de] 
regno  di  Napoli/  p.  743,  1601.  In  Aldimari's 
day  the  Naples  branch  was  on  the  wane, 
but  he  states  that  a  male  line  still  flourished 
at  Tropea,  which  is  of  interest  in  view  of  a 
work  published  at  Pitigliano,  in  1898,  by  F 


Toraldo,  '  II  sedile  e  la  nobilta  di  Tropea/ 
which  might  possibly  give  some  account  of 
the  first  and  second  Duchesses  of  Palata, 
and  might  not  be  very  difficult  to  obtain. 
The  usual  Spanish  nobiliaries  should  give 
details  of  the  others  under  the  families 
named  (see  Fernandez  de  Bethencourt, 
'  Historia  Genealogica,*  iii.  580,  for  Azlor 
alias  Aragon  and  the  Palata  title). 

The  transit  of  ducal  titles  between  Italy 
and  Spain  is  a  curious  subject :  Andria, 
Bivona,  Solferino,  Taurisano,  and  many 
others  are  in  Spanish  hands.  V.  D.  P. 

AMANETJTJS  AS  A  CHRISTIAN  NAME  (11  S. 
ii.  88). — This  is  probably  a  copyist's  mistake 
for  Andrews  (Andreuus),  whose  manor  was 
formed  from  part  of  a  much  earlier  one. 
It  still  exists  in  Cheshunt  (Hertfordshire), 
which  is  the  present  spelling  of  the  name 
Chesthunt,  Chestenhunt,  Chesterhunt,  &c. 
J.  A.  TBEGELLES. 

SIB  SAUDEB  DUNCOMBE  (11  S.  ii.  87). — 
This  is  undoubtedly  Sir  Saunders  Duncombe, 
Knight ;  but  I  can  find  no  evidence  as  to  the 
branch  of  the  Duncombe  family  to  which  he 
belonged,  nor  as  to  his  patent  for  the 

famous  powder."  There  is  a  patent,  how- 
ever, relating  to  the  "  Fighting  of  Wild  and 
domestic  Beasts,"  "  de  anno  Quarto  decimo 
Caroli  Rs.,"  Part  4,  No.  15,  as  follows  : — 

"  tt.  xj°  die  Oct.  con  Sanders  Duncombe  milit. 
The  sole  practisinge  &  makinge  profitt  of  the 
combatinge  &  figh tinge  of  wild  &  domestick  beasts 
within  the  Realme  of  England  for  fowerteneyeres." 

What  wild  beasts  were  these  ? 

His  patent  as  to  sedan  chairs  is  (Part  9, 
No.  2,  "  de  anno  decimo  Caroli  Regis  ")  : — 

"R.  primo  die  Octobris  con  Saunders  Duncombe 
mil.,  the  sole  useing  and  putting  forth  to  hyre  cer- 
taine  covered  Chaires  called  Sedans  for  xiiijen 
years." 

Again,  "  Paten  de  anno  Rs.  Caroli  un- 
decimo,"  Part  11,  No.  15  : — 

"  R.  vij  die  Dec.  con  Saunders  Duncombe  mil'  the 
sole  benefitt  of  using  or  putting  to  hire  all  covered 
Chairs  or  hand  littors  within  the  Citty  of  London  & 
Westm'  &  the  p'cints  thereof  for  the  term  of  fower- 
tene  years." 

J.  HOLDEN  MACMlCHAEL. 

Brief  notes  of  his  portrait  and  his  pedigree 
are  at  3  S.  vii.  133.  W.  C.  B. 

[W.  S.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

MOSES  AND  PHARAOH'S  DAUGHTEB  (11 
i.  469  ;  ii.  95). — In  addition  to  the  artist 
named  at  the  latter  reference  the  followii 
have  chosen  this  subject :  Veronese  (severa 
times),  Pietro  Berrettini,  Pieter  de  Grebbei 
De  la  Fosse,  Delaroche,  Franceschirii,  am 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  20,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


153 


doubtless  many  more  ;  but  I  happen  to  have 
reproductions  of  pictures  by  all  of  those 
named.  Did  Raphael  ever  paint  a  picture 
of  this  event  ?  He  designed  a  fresco,  but 
it  was  executed  by  his  pupils.  C.  C.  B. 

CHIDEOCK  (US.  ii.  49). — Turning  over  the 
leaves  of  an  old  peerage  book  in  an  endeavour 
to  discover  the  genesis  of  the  unusual  name 
Chideock,  I  came  upon  a  passage  in  the 
records  of  the  Winchester  family  which 
seemed  somewhat  peculiar.  The  first 
Marquis  of  that  noble  house,  who  enjoyed 
a  career  of  uninterrupted  prosperity  during 
several  successive  reigns,  was  fond  of 
accounting  for  his  good  fortune  by  saying 
"  I  am  a  willow,  not  an  oak."  This  saying 
was  amplified  by  the  godson  of  the  Marquis, 
Sir  Julius  Caesar,  Master  of  the  Rolls,  and 
versified  in  the  following  terms  : — 

Late  supping  I  forbear ; 

Wine  and  women  I  forswear ; 

My  neck  and  feet  I  keep  from  cold ; 

No  marvel  then  though  I  be  old. 

I  am  a  willow,  not  an  oak  ; 

I  chide,  but  never  hurt  with  stroke. 

Of  course,  it  would  be  beneath  the  dignity 
of  philology  to  suppose  that  "  chide  oak," 
indicated  above,  was  the  source  of  the  name 
Chideock.  At  the  same  time,  the  appearance 
of  the  name  and  the  rime  about  the  same 
period  in  English  history  is,  to  say  the 
least,  a  somewhat  curious  coincidence. 
Chideock,  whatever  it  may  signify,  is  a 
family  name,  as  well  as  a  place-name.  As 
a  surname,  it  was  borne  by  Sir  John  Chideock, 
mentioned  in  '  The  Early  History  of  the 
[London]  Merchant  Taylors'  Company.*  As 
a  place-name,  it  is  still  used  to  designate  a 
parish  in  Dorsetshire.  SCOTUS. 

DENNY  AND  WINDSOR  FAMILIES  (10  S. 
xii.  424).— I.  The  theory  that  many  families 
named  variously  Denny,  Dean,  Deden,  Dene, 
Dyne,  &c.,  all  have  a  common  origin  seems 
improbable.  More  than  ten  years  ago  a 
lady  named  Mary  Deane  wrote  a  book  called 

The  Book  of  Dene,  Deane,  Adeane  '  (Elliot 
btock).  In  the  course  of  a  somewhat 
severe  critique  of  this  in  The  Genealogist 
(Js.S.  xvi.  71)  the  reviewer  wrote  :— 

"We  must  confess,  too,  to  a  feeling  of  sadness  on 

hnding  the  author  indulging  in  a  belief  that  the 

nes,    Adeanes,    Deanes,    and    others    bearing 

similar  surnames,  derive  their  cognomen   from   a 

ommon  ancestor,  as  such  a  belief  in  these  latter 

tys     taken    in    conjunction    with    some    curious 

eraldic  and  genealogical  statements  and  deduc- 
tions, put  a  serious  criticism  of  her  work  out  of  the 
Question. 

The  similarity  of  the  arms  borne  by  the 
various  families  of  Dean,  &c.,  at  first  sight 


seems  to  support  the  theory  of  a  common 
origin,  but  can  be  quite  as  easily  explained  by 
the  well-known  tendency  of  new  families  to 
appropriate  the  arms  of  older  families  of  the 
same  or  a  similar  name.  The  heralds' 
custom  of  allowing  or  granting  the  same 
arms  to  different  families  of  the  same  name 
has  been  severely  attacked  by  leading 
genealogists,  like  Messrs.  Round,  Barron,  and 
Rye. 

II.  The  statement  that  Walter  Fitz  Other, 
"  temp.  Conquest  '*  (I  believe  that  his  name 
is  not  found  before  Domesday),  bore  arms  is 
surprising.     Surely    it    is    now    universally 
agreed  that  heraldry  did  not  originate  until 
towards   the   middle   of   the   next   century. 
Not  to  waste  valuable  space,  may  I  refer 
H.  L.  L.  D.  to  my  letter  in  The  Academy  of 
11  September    last   year   (p.    520)    on    this 
subject  ?       (In  this  letter  Quincy  has    been 
misprinted    as     "Quiney.")        What   really 
happened  was  that  the  heralds  assigned  arms 
to  Walter    and   his   immediate  descendants 
some    centuries  after   their    death,   as    Dr. 
Round  has  pointed  out  (Ancestor,  v.  42-6). 
And  the  alleged  descent  of  the  Fitzmaurices 
from  the  same  family  has  been  questioned 
by   the  same   eminent   authority   (Monthly 
Review,  No.  9,  pp.  102-3). 

III.  The  similarity  of  the  arms  of  Denny 
and  Windsor  is  curious,  and  it  will  be  very 
interesting  if  H.  L.  L.  D.  is  able  to  discover 
the  reason  of    this.       He   suggests   that   a 
Denny  married  a  Windsor  heiress,  or  that 
a  Windsor     married  a  Denny  heiress,   the 
descendants  assuming  her  name  ;    but  there 
are  at  least  five  other  possible  explanations  : 

(1)  If   the   Dennys   were   tenants   of   the 
Windsors,    they    might    have    assumed    a 
shield  based  on  that  of  their  lords,  as  there  is 
little  doubt  that  the  arms  of  Le  Despencer 
('  Studies  in   Peerage  and   Family  History,* 
pp.   328-9)  and  Loring  ('Memorials  of  the 
Order  of  the  Garter,'  p.  65)  were  formed  from 
the  arms  of  the  Beauchamps  of  Bedford. 

(2)  Marriage  with  a  Windsor  who  was  not 
an  heiress,  as  Henry  de  Percy  is  supposed  to 
have   assumed  his   lion  rampant   in   conse- 
quence of  his  marriage  with  a  daughter  of 
the    Earl   of   Arundel,    who      bore    a   lion 
rampant  (though  the  colours  were  altered). 

(3)  A   Windsor   might    have    granted    or 
bequeathed  his  arms  to   a  Denny  ;    for   a 
number  of  such  cases  see  The  Ancestor,  ix. 
214-24. 

(4)  Baseless  assumption  to  support,  or  in 
consequence  of,   an   imaginary  descent,   as 
the  Lancashire  family  of  Gerard  concocted 
a  descent  from  the  Fitzgeralds,  and  assumed 
their  arms  (Ancestor,  vii.  22-4  ;  xii.  179). 


154 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  20, 1910. 


^..(5)  Mere  coincidence  ;  thus  the  arms  of 
Percy  (v.  sup.)  were  identical  with  those 
of  Redvers,  Gold,  a  lion  azure  ;  and  in  the 
fourteenth  century  the  arms  Azure,  a  bend 
gold  ("  dazure  ove  une  bende  dore  "),  were 
borne  by  four  different  families — Scrope, 
Grosvenor,  Carminow,  and  Danyers.  In 
the  last  case,  it  was  only  the  accident  of  a 
Scrope  and  a  Grosvenor  serving  in  the  same 
military  expedition  which  led  to  a  dispute 
and  to  the  question  of  right  being  adjudi- 
cated on,  so  far  as  those  two  families  were 
concerned.  G.  H.  WHITE. 

Lowestoft. 

'DRAWING-ROOM  DITTIES'  (11  S.  ii.  48, 
94). — The  Coster  song  "  If  I  had  a  donkey," 
&c.,  consisting  of  six  verses,  by  Jacob  Beuler, 
was  published  in  the  '  Comic  Song-Book  '  by 
J.  E.  Carpenter  of  Netting  HiU  in  1864.  The 
verses  relate  the  story  of  Coster  Bill  Burn, 
who  was  brought  with  his  donkey  before 
a  London  magistrate.  In  the  concluding 
verse 

Bill  said,  "  Your  worship,  it's  very  hard, 

But  'tisn't  the  fine  that  I  regard ; 

But  times  has  come  to  a  pretty  pass 

When  you  mustn't  beat  a  stubborn  ass." 

I  think  some  portion  of  the  old  ditty  did 
duty  in  Shropshire  as  a  nursery  rime  nearly 
a  century  ago.  About  seventy  years  ago  my 
mother  used  to  repeat  it  thus  : — 

If  I  had  a  donkey  and  he  would  not  go, 
Do  you  think  I  'd  wollop  him  ?    No,  no,  no  ! 
1  'd  give  him  hay,  and  I 'd  give  him  grass. 
And  then  he'd  go  like  another  man's  ass. 


Dover. 


JOHN  BAVINGTON  JONES. 


As    I  knew  this  more  than  fifty  years  ago 
it  ran  : — 

If  I  'd  a  donkey  wot  wudn't  go — a, 
D'yo  think  I'd  wallop  him  ?    No,  no,  no. 
I'd  give,  him  corn,  an'  shout  "  Gee-wo  ! 
Come  up,  Neddy  ! " 

THOS.   RATCLIFFE. 
Worksop. 

My  version  in  nursery  days  was 
If  I  had  a  donkey  wot  wouldn't  go, 
Wouldn't  I  wallop  him  !    Oh,  dear,  no  ! 

I.  I.  H. 

ENGLISH  SEPULCHRAL  MONUMENTS,  1300- 
1350  (11  S.  ii.  47).— If  the  querist  will  glance 
over  the  entries  in  Sonnenschein's  *  Best 
Books,'  2nd  ed.,  1891,  p.  473,  and  his 
'  Reader's  Guide,'  1895,  pp.  359-61,  he  may 
perhaps  discover  something  on  sepulchral 
monuments  and  monumental  brasses  that 
may  be  of  service.  The  work  of  Meyrick 
on  *  Ancient  Arms '  is  to  some  extent 


covered  and  carried  on  by  a  later  publication, 
Brett's  '  Ancient  Arms  and  Armour,'  London, 
Sampson  Low,  1894,  which  is  described  as 
"  a  pictorial  and  descriptive  record  of  the 
origin  and  development  "  of  ancient  weapons 
and  warlike  accoutrements.  W.  S.  S. 

[The  Athenceum  of  23  July  contained  a  notice  of 
Mr.  C.  H.  Ashdown's  '  British  and  Foreign  Arms 
and  Armour.'] 

"  LEAP  IN  THE  DARK  "  AS  PARLIAMENTARY 
PHRASE  (11  S.  ii.  86). — The  earliest  recorded 
Parliamentary  use  of  this  phrase  that  I  have 
been  able  to  trace  I  gave  at  7  S.  xii.  452.  It 
was  that  of  the  late  Mr.  Newdegate,  then 
Conservative  Member  for  North  Warwick- 
shire, who,  speaking  on  12  May,  1846,  on  the 
Corn  Importation  Bill,  said  : — 

"  However  determined  the  Government  might  be 
to  take  this  *  leap  in  the  dark,'  it  was  important 
to  communicate  all  the  information  that  could  be 
obtained  as  to  the  probable  amount  of  corn  to  be 
exported  from  abroad  in  the  event  of  the  abolition 
of  the  Corn  Laws."— 'Hansard,' Third  Series,  vol. 
Ixxxvi.  f .  422. 

The  phrase,  it  will  be  observed,  is 
quoted,  as  if  it  had  been  used  previously  in 
the  debate.  For  other  than  Parliamentary 
uses  see  5  S.  vi.  29,  94,  151,  273  ;  vii.  252, 
358  ;  viii.  237  ;  7  S.  xii.  328,  394,  452  ;  9  S. 
xi.  466.  A.  F.  R. 

"DENIZEN"  :  "FOREIGN"  :  "STRANGER" 
(11  S.  i.  506  ;  ii.  71,  111). — Apart  from  the 
etymology  of  these  terms,  they  present 
difficulties  of  differentiation  in  connexion 
with  the  freedom  of  the  City  of  London. 
In  Letter-Book  K,  for  instance,  a  petition 
is  recorded  in  which  the  commons  complain 
to  the  Mayor  and  Aldermen  of  the  difficulty 
of  raising  money  for  municipal  and  other 
purposes  in  the  City,  the  chief  cause  being 
"the  resceiving  in  to  craftes  of  )>8  cite  of  diverse 
and  grete  nombre  of  Foreines  aswell  strangiers  as 
denizeins  which  come  Inne  bi  Maires  of  J>8  Citee  and 
bi  Wardeines  of  Craftes  some  for  lucre  to  \ 
Chambre  and  to  Craftes  and  some  for  lucre  sengell 
to  Jie  Mair  and  for  Je  vous  pries.1" 
The  italics  are  my  own,  and  the  date  of  the 
petition  is  1433. 

Long  familiarity  with  the  City's  records 
has  led  me  to  believe  that  a  "  foreigner  "  and 
a  "  stranger  "  were  alike  in  their  not  having 
been  admitted  to  the  freedom,  but  they 
differed,  inasmuch  as  a  foreigner  (forinsecus) 
might  be  living  outside  the  realm,  whilst  a 
stranger  (extraneus)  lived  within  the  realm, 
but  outside  the  City.  A  denizen  was  one 
who  lived  within  the  City,  but  was  not 
necessarily,  although  most  probably  he  was 
a  freeman. 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  20,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


155 


The  individual  gain  here  mentioned  as 
attaching  to  the  Mayor  for  je  vous  pries  refers 
to  the  custom,  long  prevalent,  for  the  Mayor 
for  the  time  being  to  enfranchise  six  persons 
by  prayer  (par  prier),  as  recorded  elsewhere 
in  the  Letter -Book.  This  I  take  to  mean 
that  the  Mayor  could  grant  the  freedom  of 
the  City  to  any  six  persons  who  liked  to  ask 
him  for  it.  In  the  year  following  that  of  this 
petition  this  privilege  was  abolished,  the 
Mayor  being  allowed  four  casks  of  Gascony 
wine  for  its  loss. 

REGINALD   R.   SHARPE. 

Guildhall,  E.C. 

I  have  good  reason  to  believe  that  many 
English  words  have  come  from  the  Occitanian 
language  in  one  of  its  Proven^al-Langue- 
docian-Gascon  forms,  and  not  necessarily 
through  French,  for  it  is  the  language  of 
lands  long  under  the  dominion  of  our  Planta- 
genet  kings.  And  when  the  words  came 
through  French  they  did  not  always  leave 
traces  of  their  passage.  We  find  to  this  day 
in  Lancashire,  as  in  Toulouse,  the  term 
"  parapet ll  used  for  a  side-walk,  for  the 
paved  strip  provided  in  narrow  streets  per 
se  para  Ii  ped,  to  protect  one's  feet  from  mud 
and  cartwheels.  The  term  is  lost  in  French, 
and  it  is  not  mentioned  by  Littre. 

That  there  is  no  trace  of  desnisein  in 
Proven£al  is  not  surprising,  for  the  ending 
of  the  word  is  French-English,  as  in  O.F. 
citien,  Eng.  citein,  citeseyn.  In  Proven9al 
the  word  is  desnisa,  deinisa,  one  who  has 
lost  or  changed  nest ;  z  may  be  substituted 
for  s  in  the  root  (nis,  nizal),  and  the  prefix 
is  either  des  or  dei,  as  reference  to  the 
*  Tresor  dou  Felibrige  *  would  show. 

Because  citein  of  1273  had  become  citeseyn 
by  1363,  it  does  not  necessarily  follow  that 
the  change  was  due  to  a  previous  denzien  or 
denzeyn  ;  the  influence  may  have  been  the 
other  way,  though  the  latter  words  be  found 
in  a  statute  of  1 32 1 .  As  regards  the  meaning 
of  deinzein,  there  seems  to  be  insufficient 
evidence  that  it  was  originally  "  native,'2  and 
not  "meteque."  "He  that  was  born 
among  them  "  (Josh.  viii.  33)  is  more  likely  to 
mean  the  child  of  a  "meteque,"  indigena, 
because  born  among  the  Israelites,  than  a 
true  child  of  Israel. 

To  the  questions  at  the  end  of  PROF. 
SKEAT'S  reply  the  answers  are  :  1,  that  the 
word  is  not  from  O.F.,  but  from  Proven9al 
in  the  general  sense  of  the  Occitanian 
language  of  the  South  ;  2,  that,  as  I  have 
already  stated,  the  word  is  from  the  Laneue- 
docian  form  deinisa,  the  z  being  due  to  the 
root  being  nia,  nisau,  in  Lengado  nizal. 


When  the  birth  of  a  child  is  announced,  it  is 
usually  termed  a  nistoun,  and  the  children 
of  the  family  are  the  nisado.  "  Qu'es  beu, 
moun  nisau  !  "  ("  How  lovely  is  my  home  ! ??) 
exclaims  Batisto  Bounet,  the  peasant  of 
Bellogardo,  in  his  memoirs.  A.  Foures,  a 
quite  modern  Languedocian  writer,  lamenting 
that  his  friend  the  poet  Peyrat  was  obliged 
to  live  in  Paris,  says  of  him  "  1'istourian- 
troubaire,  forobandit  dempuei  tant  de  terns 
de  soun  nizal,  joubs  las  nivouls  del  nord  " 
("  the  historian -poet,  exiled  for  so  long  from 
his  home,  under  the  clouds  of  the  north  "). 
The  exile  is  figurative,  but  the  expression 
shows  that  Peyrat,  foronisa  from  his  country 
near  the  Pyrenees,  .had  become  a  deiniza  in 
Paris.  EDWARD  NICHOLSON. 

Paris. 

"  THE  HOLY  CROWS,"  LISBON  (US.  ii.  67, 
116). — In  Baring-Gould's  life  of  St.  Vincent 
('  Lives  of  Saints,'  January,  p.  334)  we  are 
told  that,  by  the  order  of  Dacian,  Vincent's 
body  was  cast  into  a  field  to  become  the 
prey  of  wild  beasts  and  birds,  but  was 
defended  by  a  raven. 

St.  Meinrad,  the  hermit,  of  Swabia,  who 
is  commemorated  the  day  before  St.  Vincent, 
on  21  January,  had  two  pet  ravens,  which 
followed  his  two  murderers,  attacking  them 
with  beaks  and  claws,  and  then,  dashing 
against  the  windows  of  a  house  which  they 
had  entered,  caused  their  capture  and  execu- 
tion. The  life  is  authentic,  and  is  charmingly 
told  by  Baring-Gould,  January,  pp.  321-33. 
St.  Meinrad  is  included  in  John  and  Raphael 
Sadeler's  '  Sylvse  Sacrse,1  Munich,  1594, 
and  a  raven  is  perched  above  the  saint's  dead 
body,  watching  it ;  but  the  Abbots  of 
Einsidlen  do  not  seem  to  have  admitted 
these  birds  into  their  heraldic  insignia,  in 
which  we  find  stags,  lions,  storks,  dogs,  and 
squirrels,  as  shown  in  Steinegger's  interesting 
series  of  plates  in  his  '  Idea  Vitse  et  Mortis  S. 
Meinradi,1  "  Typis  Monasterii  Einsidlensis,'* 
1681.  C.  DEEDES. 

Chichester. 

In  their  interesting  query  N.  M.  &  A.  ask 
if  there  are  other  "instances  of  birds  or 
mammals  being  kept  in  this  fashion  in  other 
parts  of  Europe."  I  am  reminded  of  the 
raven  I  saw  some  eight  years  ago  at  Merse- 
burg,  a  small  cathedral  town  about  ten 
miles  south  of  Halle  a.  S.  It  was  kept  in  a 
large  stone  cage  in  front  of  the  palace,  and 
the  following  story,  recalling  the  well- 
known  one  of  the  jackdaw  of  Rheims,  was 
told  to  account  for  its  presence  :  A  certain 
Bishop  of  Merseburg,  whose  name  I  forget, 


156 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  11.  AUG.  20, 1910. 


lost  a  valuable  ring,  and  suspected  one  of  his 
servants  of  having  stolen  it.  The  man 
vehemently  denied  all  knowledge  of  the 
theft,  but  he  was  not  believed,  and  was 
beheaded ;  the  stone  block,  with  blood- 
stains, is  still  shown  in  the  palace  court- 
yard. Afterwards  the  ring  was  discovered 
in  a  raven's  nest,  and  the  bishop,  in  remorse, 
set  apart  a  sum  of  money  to  maintain  for 
ever  a  raven  as  a  memorial  of  his  crime  and 
a  warning  against  hasty  judgments. 

In  looking  over  the  cathedral  I  saw  (I 
believe  in  a  window)  the  arms  of  the  bishop 
in  question,  into  which  a  raven  entered. 
Possibly  they  are  to  be  held  responsible  in 
some  way  for  the  presence  of  the  raven,  the 
legend  being  invented  when  the  original 
reason  had  been  forgotten ;  but  at  any 
rate.. the  raven  is  (or  was)  undoubtedly 
there,  and  furnishes  an  analogy  to  the  Lisbon 
crows.  I  was  informed  that  the  allowance 
for  the  raven's  maintenance  is  now  made 
by  the  Government.  H.  I.  B. 

THE  KING'S  BUTLER  (11  S.  ii.  108).— 
The  Duke  of  Norfolk  is  Hereditary  Chief 
Butler  of  England  as  Earl  of  Arundel  and 
Lord  of  Keningal  or  Kenninghall  Manor, 
which  is  not  far  from  Buckenham,  to  which 
Camden  alludes. 

The  Lord  Mayor  and  citizens  of  London 
(generally  eight)  claimed  the  right  of  assisting 
the  Chief  Butler  in  his  Butlership  ;  and  the 
Mayor,  bailiffs,  and  commonalty  of  Oxford 
also  claimed  to  serve  in  the  office  of  Butler  - 
ship  to  the  King,  with  the  citizens  of  London. 
Both  claims  were  usually  allowed,  the  Oxford 
citizens  being  rewarded  with  a  fee  of  lesser 
value  than  that  which  was  given  to  the 
Londoners.  For  historical  details  as  to  the 
City  claim,  see  *  Ceremonials  to  be  observed 
by  the  Lord  Mayor,  Aldermen,  Sheriffs,  and 
Officers  of  the  City  of  London,'  London, 
1850,  8vo,  chap.  lx.,  '  Coronations,*  pp.  157- 
169. 

I  am  not  aware  of  any  other  claimants  for 
the  office  referred  to  than  those  specified 
above.  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

RED  LION  SQUARE  OBELISK  (US.  ii.  109) 
— It  was  supposed  to  cover  the  remains  of 
Oliver  Cromwell,  Ireton,  and  Bradshaw 
when  they  were  disinterred  from  their 
graves  in  Westminster  Abbey.  Rede  in  his 
'  Anecdotes  and  Biography,'  as  alluded  to 
by  Wheatley,  repeated  in  1799  what  was  even 
then  merely  a  tradition.  Mr.  Wheatley 
observes,  however,  that  "no  contemporary 
or  early  writer,  so  far  as  we  know,  alludes 


0  any   such   tradition,   which  has   all  the 
appearance  of  being  a  late  invention."     He 
does  not  mention  that  the  obelisk  bore  the 

ollowing  inscription  : — 
OBTUSUM 

OBTUSIORIS  INGENII 

MONUMENTUM 
QUID  ME  RESPICIS  VIATOR 

VADE. 
J.    HOLDEN  MACMlCHAEL. 

STONE  IN  PENTONVILLE  ROAD  (11  S.  ii. 
87). — The  base  of  the  column  noticed  by 
MR.  A.  LE  BLANC  NEWBERY  does  not,  I 
regret  to  say,  belong  to  the  fourteenth 
century,  but  dates  from  circa  1850,  when  the 
premises  numbered  278  were  built.  Their 
design  was  quite  ambitious  for  the  com- 
mercial architecture  of  that  period  :  there 
were  two  columns  supporting  the  facia  on  the 
Pentonville  Road  side,  and  in  Caledonian 
Road  two  half-round  pilasters  supported  a 
pediment.  The  style  was  approaching  to 
Ionic.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

JOHN  BROOKE,  FIFTEENTH-CENTURY  BAR- 
RISTER (11  S.  ii.  69,  111).— MR.  W.  D. 
PINK  and  the  inquirer  may  like  to  read  the 
following  translation  by  George  Pryce,F.S.A.y 
made  for  his  '  Popular  History  of  Bristol ' 
(1861)  from  the  Latin  of  the  Brook  brass 
in  St.  Mary  Redcliff  : — 

Here  lies  the  body  of    the  venerable  man  John 

Brook,  once  servant-at-law 
to  the  illustrious  prince  of  happy  memory.  King 

Henry  the  Eighth,  Judge  of  Assize 
to  the  said  king  in  the  eastern  parts  of  England,. 

and  chief  steward  of 
that  honourable  house  and  monastery  of  the  blessed 

Virgin  of  Glastonbury, 
in  the  county  of  Somerset ;  which  said  John  died 

on  the  25th  day  of 
December,  Anno  Domini  1552.    And  near  him  rests 

Johanna  his  wife, 

daughter  and  heir  of  Richard    Americke,  whose 
souls  God  propitiate.    Amen. 

CHARLES  WELLS. 
Bristol. 

"  DISPENSE  BAR  "  :  "DISPENSE  CELLAR " 
(US.  ii.  66).— At  the  Windham  Club,  St. 
James's  Square,  of  which  I  have  been  a 
member  for  forty  years,  there  is,  and,  as  far  as 

1  know,  there  always  has  been,  a  dispense 
cellar,  where  the  butler  keeps  his  few  bottles 
of  all  wines  in  the  Club  for  instant  issue, 
the  large  stocks  being  in  the  main  cellar, 
controlled  by  the  secretary.     I  should  think 
that  this  is  a  common  practice  in  London 
clubs,   and   that   the  word    "  dispense "   is 
used  generally.     The  Windham  was  founded 
in  1828.     The  secretary  tells  me  that  when  - 


' 


ii  s.  ii.  A™.  20,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


157 


small  quantity  of  wine  is  ordered  from  a  wine 
merchant  for  immediate  drinking,  it  is  sent 
!  into   "  dispense."         ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

EAST  INDIA  COMPANY'S  MARINE   SERVICE 

!   (11  S.  ii.  68,  134). — Perhaps  MR.  DENHAM  is 

I  referring   to   the  journal   of   Capt.  Woodes 

I   Rogers,   edited  by  A.   C.   Leslie  under  the 

j   title  '  Life  aboard  a  British  Privateer  in  the 

Reign  of  Queen  Anne,'   and  published  by 

Chapman  &  Hall  in  1889.     The  only  dubious 

point  about  the  matter  is  that  the  expedition 

of  Rogers  was  fitted  out  by  a  company  of 

Bristol  merchants,  and  not  by  the  East  India 

Company.     In    other    respects    the    book, 

which   gives  a   singularly   graphic   account 

of  the  captain's  encounters  with  enemies  in 

various  parts  of  the  world,  may  well  be  the 

publication  sought.  •     W.  S.  S. 

MANOR  :  SAC  :  SOKE  (US.  ii.  108).— 
The  answer  to  this  query  will  be  found  in 
Maitland's  *  Domesday  Book  and  Beyond,' 
pp.  80-128.  The  term  manerium  came  in 
with  the  Conqueror,  taking  the  place  of 
mansa,  mansio  (p.  108).  Prof.  Maitland  has 
defined  a  manor  as  a  house  against  which 
geld  is  charged  (p.  120)  ;  and  although  Dr. 
Round  adduces  reasons  for  the  rejection  of 
this  definition  (English  Historical  Review,  xv. 
293),  his  objections  bear  a  close  resemblance 
to  "  exceptions  which  prove  the  rule.'* 
"Soke"-  was  used  for  "jurisdiction,"  "the 
right  to  hold  a  court  "  (Maitland,  op.  cit., 
p.  86).  Where  a  lord  had  soke  over  men 
and  land,  justice  had  to  be  sued  in  that  lord's 
court,  so  that  "  soke  "  meant  not  only  the 
lord's  jurisdiction,  but  also  the  protection  of 
his  sokemen  from  vexation  in  numberless 
other  and  distant  courts.  "  Soke "  also 
means  "  seeking  **  (qucestio),  hence  the  duty 
known  as  "  soca  faldse  "  is  the  duty  of  seeking 
the  lord's  fold,  where  the  tenants'  sheep  or 
cattle  will  make  manure  for  the  lord's  use. 
So  also  "  soca  molendini  "  is  the  duty  of 
taking  grist  to  the  lord's  mill  to  be  ground 
there  for  his  particular  profit. 

' '  Sake  "  has  a  less  comprehensive  significa- 
tion than  "  soke.'1  The  word  means  a 
"  matter  "  or  "  cause,"  and  so  grew  to  mean 
"  the  right  to  have  a  court  and  to  do  justice  " 
(Maitland,  op.  cit.,  p.  84). 

Reference  to  the  *  N.E.D.1  shows  that 
"  manor,'*  "manse,1'  and  "  mese,'1  the 
archaic  form  of  "  messuage,"  are  all  allied 
to  the  Latin  manere,  to  remain.  The  earliest 
instance  of  the  use  of  the  word  "manor" 
which  I  have  seen  occurs  in  a  charter  of 
William  de  Muntchenesy  belonging  to  the 


last  decade  of  the  twelfth  century.  One 
of  the  witnesses  to  this  deed  was  William 
"del  Maner,"  possibly  a  member  of  the 
Cambridgeshire  family  "  de  Manerio." 
Eustace  de  Manerio  held  two  knights'  fees 
in  1166  of  the  Bishop  of  Ely.  See  '  Ancient 
Deeds,'  A.  3023 ;  '  Red  Book  of  the  Ex- 
chequer,1 p.  364.  W.  FARRER. 

CHINA  AND  JAPAN  :  THEIR  DIPLOMATIC 
INTERCOURSE  (11  S.  i.  8,  154,  397,  511). — 
ROCKINGHAM  asks  whether  any  certain 
information  can  be  given  as  to  Li  Hung- 
Chang's  English.  If  ROCKINGHAM  was 
under  the  impression  that  Li  Hung-Chang 
understood  English  well  and  that  his  pre- 
tended ignorance  was  only  a  diplomatic 
device,  he  was  giving  that  statesman  credit 
for  an  accomplishment  he  did  not  possess. 
He  neither  spoke  nor  understood  English. 
No  Chinese  official  of  viceregal  rank  does. 

Neither  was  the  late  Dowager  Empress 
conversant  with  our  tongue.  It  was  said 
that  the  late  Emperor  Kuang  Hsu  had 
studied  English  to  a  considerable  extent, 
though  I  fancy  no  one  knew  how  far  his 
knowledge  extended. 

Li  Hung-Chang  had  one  diplomatic 
"dodge"-  of  which  ROCKINGHAM  may 
perhaps  have  heard.  It  was  not  an  affected 
ignorance  of  English  (that  was  genuine 
enough),  but  a  pretended  inability  to  speak 
any  Chinese  except  the  dialect  of  Anhui, 
his  native  province.  This,  of  course,  made 
him  unintelligible  to  such  visitors  as  spoke 
only  the  Mandarin  dialect.  Li  Hung- 
Chang  frequently  resorted  to  this  device 
when  inclined  to  be  evasive.  As  a  matter  of 
fact  he  spoke  "  Mandarin  '*  perfectly. 

G.  M.  H.  PLAYFAIR,  H.M.  Consul. 
H.M.  Consulate,  Foochow. 

GENERAL  HAUG  (11  S.  ii.  66).— Dr. 
Constant  von  Wurzbach's  '  Biographisches 
Lexikon  des  Kaiserthums  Oesterreich,'  8th 
part,  Vienna,  1862,  has  an  article  on  an  Ernst 
Haug  or  Hauk,  formerly  an  Austrian  officer, 
afterwards  a  political  refugee,  who  is  said  to 
have  been  a  general  in  the  Sardinian  service 
in  1848  and  1849.  It  is  stated  in  this  article 
that  after  leaving  Italy  he  went  to  London, 
where  he  edited  a  geographical  periodical 
called  Cosmos,  and  that  the  English  papers 
in  1854  reported  that  the  British  Govern- 
ment were  subsidizing  an  expedition  which 
he  was  undertaking  in  the  interior  of 
Australia.  Can  this  be  the  man  asked  for  ? 

The  Haugs  seem  to  have  been  rather 
mixed  up  at  the  time  when  this  volume  was 
written ;  for  we  are  told  that  the  above 


158 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  20,  mo. 


Haug  was  sometimes  confused  with  Ludwig 
Haug  (1799-1850),  also  an  Austrian  officer, 
who  was  an  insurgent  leader  in  the  Hungarian 
revolution,  and  that  the  head  of  the  geo- 
graphical expedition  may  have  been  the 
Ernst  Haug  who  was  a  sub -lieutenant  in  the 
Tirolese  Jager  Regiment  in  1843. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 
Bad  Wildungen. 

FOLLY  (11  S.  ii.  29,  78,  113).— On  the  site 
of  the  present  Folly  Bridge,  anciently  called 
Grandpont,  over  the  Isis  or  Thames  at 
Oxford,  was  a  tower  said  to  have  been  used 
as  an  observatory  by  Friar  Roger  Bacon, 
and  afterwards  leased  to  a  citizen  named 
Welcome,  who  added  another  story,  hence 
called  "  Welcome's  Folly."  The  bridge  thus 
acquired  its  present  title. 

Friar  Bacon's  study  was,  in  truth,  no  more 
than  a  gatehouse  erected  upon  Grandpont  in 
early  times,  as  a  defence  to  the  southern 
entrance  of  the  city.  Tradition  reported 
that  when  a  greater  man  than  Bacon  should 
pass  under  it,  it  would  fall.  To  this  Dr. 
Johnson  alludes  in  his  '  Vanity  of  Human 
Wishes  '  :— 

When  first  the  College  rolls  receive  his  name 
The  young  enthusiast  quits  his  ease  for  fame ; 
Resistless  burns  the  fever  of  renown, 
Caught  from  the  strong  contagion  of  the  gown  : 
O'er  Bodley's  dome  his  future  labours  spread, 
And  Bacon's  mansion  trembles  o'er  his  head. 
In  Jackson* s  Oxford  Journal  for  Saturday, 
13  March,  1779,  occurs  the  following  adver- 
tisement : — 

Friar  Bacon's  Study. 

The  materials  of  this  building  will  be  sold  by 
auction  to  the  best  bidder,  on  Monday  next 
[15  March],  at  the  house  of  Thomas  Stockford,  St. 
Told's  [i.e.,  St.  Aldate's],  Oxford,  at  five  o'clock  in 
the  afternoon.  The  Purchaser  to  take  away  the 
materials  and  clear  the  ground  within  10  days. 
The  ancient  building  began  to  be  taken  down 
on  6  April,  1779,  a  period  destructive  of 
much  ancient  work  both  in  Oxford  and  in 
other  historic  cities. 

In  The  St.  James's  Chronicle  ;  or,  British 
Evening  Post,  No.  2820,  these  verses  will  be 
found  : — 

Lines  occasioned  by  the  intended  demolition  of  Friar 

Bacon's  Study,  Oxford. 
Roger  !  if  with  thy  magic  glasses, 
Kenning,  thou  see'st  below  what  passes, 
As  when  on  earth  thou  did'st  descry 
With  them  the  wonders  of  the  sky, 
Look  down  on  your  devoted  walls, 
Oh  !  save  them,  ere  thy  study  falls  ; 
Or  to  thy  votaries  quick  impart 
The  secret  of  thy  magic  art ; 
Teach  us,  ere  Learning's  quite  forsaken, 
To  honour  thee,  and — save  our  Bacon. 


"  The  most  probable  view,'*  says  Mr. 
Herbert  Hurst  in  his  '  Oxford  Topography,'- 

"  is  that  this  is  the  '  New  Gate  '  erected  in  the  four- 
teenth century  on  an  earlier  pattern,  to  strengthen 
the  old  southern  gate  near  to  Christ  Church  ;  and  it 
is  remarkable  that  Agas  names  both  of  them  South 
Gate." 

In  1565  it  was  still  considered  one  of  the 
military  defences  of  the  city,  and  was  also 
in  use  as  the  Archdeacon's  Court. 

Anthony  Wood  (' City,'  i.  425)  repeats 
Hutten's  opinion  that  the  name  of  Friar 
Bacon's  Study  is  "meerly  traditionall,  and 
not  in  any  record  to  be  found. "  After  dis- 
cussing the  question  whether  the  tradition 
is  to  be  believed,  he  seems  on  the  whole  to 
accept  it,  but  quietly  adds  in  the  margin  : 
"  But  I  believe  all  this  was  at  Little  Gate." 
So  we  may,  if  we  will,  believe  that  Roger 
Bacon  discovered  gunpowder  in  a  room 
within  a  stone's  throw  of  the  south-west 
corner  of  the  present  dining  hall  of  Pembroke 
College.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

There  is  a  Folly  Farm  at  Flitwick  in 
Bedfordshire,  on  one  side  of  Flitwick  Moor. 
Its  distinguishing  feature  is  a  birch  wood, 
and  in  its  grounds  is  the  well  from  which 
come  the  mineral  waters  once  extensively 
advertised.  There  are  no  sham  castles  in 
the  vicinity.  W.  R.  B.  PRIDEAUX. 

The  Pines,  Flitwick. 

Dendy's  Folly  is  a  tower  built  by  a  man 
of  that  name  on  the  Harrow  Lands  near 
Dorking.  Rooms  were  added  on  each  side 
about  fifty  years  ago,  and  it  is  now  a  house* 
Three  miles  further  south,  on  the  western 
side  of  the  road  to  Horsham,  is  Folly 
Farm. 

Winckfield  Park,  Berks,  is  known  as  Folly 
John  Park. 

A  tower  is  sometimes  called  a  Folly. 

JOHN  PAKENHAM  STILWELL. 

Hilfield,  Yateley. 

A  short  mile  from  Long  Buckby  on  the 
road  to  Northampton  is  a  stone-built  resi« 
dence  known  as  Buckby  Folly.  I  have 
many  times  tried  to  find  out  the  origin  of  this 
name,  but  so  far  have  failed  to  do  so. 
Wetton  ('  Guide-Book  to  Northampton  and 
its  Vicinity, ?  1849)  says  :  "It  was  once  an  , 
inn,  called  '  The  Green  Man.* l 

To   judge  by  an  achievement  carved  in 
stone   on  the  north  wall   (Clerke  impaling    ; 
Cotes),  it  was  probably  built  or  owned  by 
some  member  of  the  Clerke  family  (see  7  S 
xii.  248  ;    9  S.  ii.  247).         JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  20,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


159 


The  stultitia  use  of  the  word  "  Folly  " 
has  been  well  understood  for  a  long  period. 
Near  a  certain  town  in  the  Midlands  stands 
a  capacious  house,  built  about  fifty  years  ago, 
and  known  for  a  generation  afterwards  as 
Love's  Folly,  from  the  circumstance  of  the 
owner,  a  retired  hotel-keeper  possessing  that 
surname,  having  acted  as  his  own  architect, 
and,  whilst  expending  90,000  bricks  in  the 
cellars,  forgetting  to  provide  a  staircase  to 
the  principal  upper  rooms.  The  subsequent 
necessary  alterations  gave  much  amuse- 
ment to  his  friends  and  neighbours. 

W.  B.  H. 

I  am  grateful  for  several  replies  to  my 
query.  MB.  MACMICHAEL'S  suggestion  that 
the  two  by-roads  in  this  village  might  have 
been  called  the  Folly  and  the  Little  Folly 
because  of  propinquity  to  *Colney  Park 
will  not  do,  because  that  place  is  at  least 
a  mile  and  a  half  from  the  village.  Nor, 
I  think,  will  the  other  suggested  meanings 
fit  in  this  instance.  Our  two  "  Follies  *' 
are  nothing  but  by-roads  or  lanes.  They 
form  the  two  sides  of  an  irregular  triangle, 
of  which  the  main  street  of  the  village  is  the 
base.  One  inhabitant  told  me,  with  confi- 
dence, that  they  are  called  "  Follies  " 
because  "  if  you  start  from  the  village,  walk 
along  one  of  them,  and  then  along  the  other, 
you  come  back  to  the  village  again  "  ! 

JOHN  CHARRINGTON. 

Shenley,  Herts. 

FRENCH  CHURCH  REGISTERS  (11  S.  i.  348). 
— I  have  lately  come  into  possession  of 
copies  of  the  Threadneedle  Street  Registers, 
1600-1713.  If  MR.  CARTER  will  send  me 
particulars,  I  shall  be  glad  to  forward  the 
entries,  as  I  take  great  interest  in  research 
work.  The  registers  have  been  copied  and 
published  by  the  Huguenot  Society,  but 
can  only  be  obtained  through  the  Secretary 
of  the  Society. 

There  are  but  few  particulars  of  the  French 
Church  at  Greenwich. 

Registers  of  many  of  the  French  churches 
are  at  Somerset  House. 

(Miss)  G.  DE  CASSEL  FOLKARD. 

Holyrood,  9,  Brixton  Hill,  S.W. 

DEAN  ALFORD'S  POEMS  (11  S.  ii.  108).— 
The  *  Poetical  Works  '  of  Alford,  published 
in  1845,  do  not  contain  all  his  verses,  as  he 
published  others  afterwards  both  in  maga- 
zines and  in  separate  volumes.  '  Be  Just  and 
Fear  Not '  is  included  in  the  selection  given 
in  Mr.  Miles's  '  The  Poets  and  the  Poetry 
of  the  Century,'  vol.  x.  C.  C.  B. 


LIARDET  (11  S.  ii.  49). — Probably  a  son 
of  John  Liardet,  a  Swiss  clergyman,  patentee 
of  the  oil  cement,  letters  patent  No.  1,040 
of  1773.  The  patent  was  contested  in 
Liardet  v.  Johnson,  and  was  upheld  by  Lord 
Mansfield.  For  the  pamphlet  literature 
which  sprang  up  in  connexion  with  this 
trial  the  catalogues  of  the  Patent  Office  and 
British  Museum  Libraries  should  be  con- 
sulted ;  also  Boase's  '  Modern  British 
Biography.1  E.  W.  HULME. 

CAPT.  R.  J.  GORDON  (10  S.  xii.  29,  138).— 

"This  officer died  on  Sept.  27,  1822,  at  Wilefe 

Medinet,  a  day's  journey  from  Senuaar,  whence  he 
was  proceeding  in  an  attempt  to  reach  the  source 
of  the  Bahr  Collittiad."— John  Marshall's  <R.N. 
Biog.,'  iv.  pt.  i.  p.  202  ;  Scots.  Mag. 

He  was  the  third  son  of  Capt.  Abraham 
Cyrus  Gordon,  91st  Foot,  who  died  in  1832, 
and  grandson  of  Dr.  Abraham  Gordon,  3rd 
Foot  (the  Buffs),  who  died  in  1808.  I  have 
been  unable  to  discover  to  which  branch  of 
the  Gordons  they  belonged. 

CONSTANCE  SKELTON. 
Sudbury  Croft,  Harrow. 


Hungary  in  the  Eighteenth  Century.  By  Henry 
Marczali.  With  an  Introductory  Essay  on  the 
Earlier  History  of  Hungary  by  Harold  W.  V. 
Temperley.  (Cambridge  University  Press.) 

WE  are  told  by  the  author  in  the  preface  that 
in  1878  the  Hungarian  Academy  of  Science 
invited  him  to  write  a  history  of  Hungary  in  the 
time  of  Joseph  II.  and  Leopold  II.  (1780-92). 
The  three  volumes  dealing  with  the  reign  of  the 
former  monarch  duly  appeared  between  1882  and 
1888,  and  peacefully  rested  on  the  shelves  of  at 
least  one  large  library  in  London  for  about  twenty 
years  or  more  before  the  Cambridge  University 
Press  decided  to  publish  an  English  translation, 
which  was  undertaken  by  the  author's  colleague 
and  friend  Dr.  Arthur  B.  Yolland,  of  the  Budapest 
University.  Another  friend,  Mr.  Temperley,  has 
written  an  introductory  essay  on  the  earlier 
Hungarian  history  to  enable  the  English  reader 
to  plunge  at  once  in  medias  res. 

After  another  '  Introduction,'  this  time  from 
the  pen  of  the  author  himself,  giving  a  rapid 
sketch  of  Hungarian  history  -from  the  Peace  of 
Szathmar  (1711)  to  the  accession  of  Joseph  II. 
(1780),  the  condition  of  Hungary  at  the  latter 
date  is  described  with  great  detail  in  five  chapters  ; 
in  which  the  economic  conditions,  the  social 
system,  nationalities,  religion,  and  the  royal 
power  and  government  of  the  State  are  succes- 
sively dealt  with. 

The  year  1711  was  an  important  turning- 
point  for  Hungary.  Before  the  expulsion  of  the 
Turks  from  the  larger  portion  of  the  territory 
of  the  old  kingdom  as  it  existed  before  their 


160 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  IL  AUG.  20, 1910. 


arrival,  Hungary  was  divided  into  three  separate 
monarchies,  ruled  over  by  a  Hapsburg,  the  Sultan 
of  Turkey,  and  the  semi-independent  Prince  of 
Transylvania  respectively.  The  Peace  of  Szath- 
mar  was  to  unite  the  whole  nation  and  to  be  a 
compromise  between  the  united  nation  and  their 
sole  ruler,  the  victorious  Hapsburg.  Hence- 
forth there  was  to  be  only  one  king,  one  law, 
and  one  army. 

Mr.  Temperley's  introductory  essay  is  exceed- 
ingly well  done,  except  that  he  is  perhaps  too 
dogmatic  in  places,  and  too  severe  in  his  judgment 
of  the  Magyars.  He  should  remember  the  saying 
about  the  mote  and  the  beam.  Traces  of  the 
most  primitive  savagery  exist  wherever  de- 
scendants of  savages  survive,  and  the  true 
spirit  of  medievalism  is  to  be  found  everywhere, 
England  not  excepted.  The  Hungarian  hussar 
who  stands  with  drawn  sword  before  the  county 
assembly  hall,  ready,  if  necessary,  to  resist  the 
king  and  his  soldiers,  is  not  much  more  of  an 
anachronism  than  the  Lord  Mayor  of  London 
standing  behind-  a  cord  at  Temple  Bar  to  remind 
his  sovereign,  in  this  antiquated  way,  of  the 
ancient  privileges  of  the  City.  Seventy  years 
ago  the  Hungarian  nobles  still  wore  the  hussar 
dress  as  their  native  costume,  and  the  forms  of  the 
Hungarian  Parliament  were  still  mediaeval. 
Visitors  from  Budapest  are  amused  in  London 
by  the  quaint  garb  worn  by  the  Beefeaters  on  their 
errand  to  explore  the  vaults  of  the  Houses  of 
Parliament  for  would-be  imitators  of  Guy  Fawkes. 
With  regard  to  Prof.  Marczali's  portion  of  the 
work,  the  reader  will  feel  inclined  to  agree  with 
him  that  his  best  reward  is  the  decision  of 
the  Cambridge  University  Press  to  publish  his 
book  in  English.  Nevertheless,  even  after  such  a 
•compliment  reviewers  may  still  be  of  service  in 
pointing  out  faults  in  the  book.  Thus  many  of  the 
foot-notes  might  have  been  omitted  with  ad- 
vantage, because  in  the  form  in  which  they 
appear  they  are  useless.  For  instance,  on  p.  203 
there  is  a  reference  to  some  extracts  from  State 
and  other  documents  published  by  Prof.  Marczali 
himself  in  a  Hungarian  periodical  in  1881.  These 
were  subsequently  republished  in  book  form, 
and  the  student  who  wishes  to  pursue  the  subject 
will  find  that  the  collection  is  a  conglomeration 
of  data  without  any  apparent  order  or  system, 
and  moreover  lacking  an  index  ;  and  as  the  page 
is  not  given,  he  will  have  difficulty  in  finding  the 
passage  in  question. 

The  three  writers  who  are  responsible  for  the 
present  book  are  evidently  not  agreed  as  to  who 
the  Rascians  really  are.  On  p.  197  Prof.  Marczali 
explains  that  the  Serbs  who  followed  in  the  wake 
of  the  Turkish  armies  and  came  from  Ipek,  in 
Old  Servia,  called  Rascia,  were  and  are  called 
Rascians.  Elsewhere  throughout  the  portion  of 
the  book  for  which  he  is  responsible  we  find, 
however,  "  Serbs  (Rascians)  "  and  "  Rascians 
(Serbs,)"  and  even  "  Rascian  Serbs,"  while  Mr. 
Temperley  has  "  Rascians  and  Serbs  "  (p.  xx). 
The  uninitiated  reader  will  consequently  be 
puzzled. 

Next,  according  to  Mr.  Temperley,  the  Popes 
bestowed  on  two  of  Hungary's  kings  the  title  of 
Saint  (p.  xxiii).  Prof.  Marczali,  on  the  other 
liand  (or  is  it  his  translator  ?),  writes  of  "  St. 
Stephen  and  the  other  canonized  kings  of  Hun- 
gary," in  the  plural.  Were  there  more  than 
TWO  ? 


There  was  no  King  Ladislas  in  1514  (p.  178). 
The  name  of  that  king  is  given  correctly  as 
Wladislav  in  the  list  of  rulers  at  the  beginning 
of  the  book.  Probably  this  is  also  the  translator's 
mistake,  like  the  passage  relating  to  a  sluice 
270  fathoms  long  (p.  87),  which  is  apparently 
meant  for  the  length  of  the  weir. 

Maria  Theresa,  we  are  told,  called  Hungarian 
law  a  not  very  interesting  topic  for  study.  Many 
readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  may  have  the  same  opinion 
about  some  of  the  other  topics  dealt  with  in  the 
book,  but  they  will  probably  think  an  account  of 
the  peasants,  their  folk-lore  and  superstitions, 
alluring,  and  be  grateful  to  Mr.  Temperley  for 
calling  their  special  attention  to  these  subjects. 
Their  gratitude,  however,  will  be  short-lived,  as, 
except  a  brief  foot-note,  there  is  nothing  to  be 
found  on  the  subject  at  the  reference  given. 
As  regards  the  foot-note  itself,  the  quotation 
beginning  with  the  words  "  In  Hungary  not 
long  ago  "  is  taken  from  an  eighteenth-century 
writer,  and  not  from  a  more  modern  source. 

A  generation  ago  a  Regius  Professor  of  History 
at  one  of  our  ancient  universities  could  allude  to 
the  constitution  of  Hungary,  and,  according  to 
Mr.  Temperley,  express  regret  that  he  was  unable 
to  discover  the  terms  of  its  coronation  oath. 
The  professor  in  question  must  have  been  un- 
fortunate in  his  search  among  the  books  in  the 
British  Museum  dealing  with  Hungarian  history, 
many  of  which  are  in  Latin. 


in  <K0msp0tttettis. 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
bo  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries  "'—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  t 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  t> 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

LAWBENCB    PHILLIPS     ("English    History    in 
Rime ").  — Specimens  of    riming  lines  on  Englisl 
kings,  and  references  to  books  containing  othei 
will  be  found  at  7  S.  xii.  253 ;  9  S.  xi.  330 ;  xii.  33. 

H.  K.  ST.  J.  S.— Forwarded. 


n  s.  ii.  AUG.  27,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


161 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  27,  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  35. 

NOTES  :-The  Rule  of  the  Road,  161-Shakespeariana,  162 
—Nottingham  Graveyard  Inscriptions— Florence  Night- 
3  a  Forbear,  165-Etymology  of  "Totem"— 
Sough  Toll  at  Newcastle-Franco  Family-Old-Time 
English  Dancing-"  Egyptian  Pompe  "—Aviation  in  1830, 
166. 

nTTKRTES --Goldwin  Smith's  'Reminiscences'— Dictionary 
nf  Mvthology-R.  Mackenzie  Daniel,  Novelist,  167- 
Fdward  R  Moran-Isaac  Watts's  Collateral  Descendants 
_» Foul  Anchor  "-Cromwell  and  Louis  XIV. -Flint 
Wrplocks  in  the  Crimean  War,  168— Alabaster  Boxes  of 
five-Authors  Wanted-Major  Hudson  at  St.  Helena- 
Beniamin  Jenkins— Ulcombe  Church -Twopenny  Post- 
,_Mohammed  on  the  Narcissus— Prayer  Book  Calen- 
dar-John King,  Artist-Telephones  in  Banks-James 
Weale  169— Clarkson— Clerkson  —  Erskme  Neale  —  Ed- 
ward Felling,  170. 

REPLIES  -—Scotch  and  Irish  Booksellers,  170— Charles  II. 
and  his  Fubbs  Yacht  -  Anglo-Sparflsh  Author,  171- 
Richard  Gem— John  Rylands  Library  :  Dante  Codex,  172 
— Ozias  Humphry's  Papers— Abbe  Se..— M.P.'s  Unidenti- 
fied— "  Storm  in  a  teacup,"  173— Ben  Jonson— St.  Swithin's 
Tribute  at  Old  Weston,  174— Snails  as  Food— Francis 
Peck— Arms  of  Women,  175  — Sir  John  Alleyn  — Early 
Prinfcine— Parish  Armour— Red  Lion  Square  Obelisk- 
Edward  Bull,  Publisher,  176-Lord  Mayors  and  their 
Counties  of  Origin— Speaker's  Chair-Sleepless  Arch- 
J  M  Que"rard,  177  — Sir  Matthew  Philip  —  Authors 
Wanted— Egerton  Leigh— British  Institution,  178. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:— Lord  Broughton's  'Recollections 
of  a  Long  Life." 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

OBITUARY  :-H.  A.  Harben. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THE  RULE  OF  THE  ROAD. 

THE  "Rule  of  the  Road"  on  land  has  so 
frequently  afforded  subject  for  discussion 
in  'N.  &  Q.'  that  reference  to  Mr.  R.  P. 
Mahaffy's  paper  read  before  the  International 
Law  Association  on  the  4th  inst  will  be  of 
interest.  The  following  quotations  are  taken 
from  the  full  report  which  appeared  in  The 
Times  on  the  following  day  : — 

Mr.  Mahaffy  said  it  was 

"  strange  that  the  custom  of  the  road  should 
differ  from  country  to  country  ;  that  it  should 
be  one  thing  in  Great  Britain,  Sweden,  Hungary, 
Portugal,  in  some  cities  of  Italy,  and  in  some 
provinces  of  Austria  ;  and  the  opposite  in  France, 
Germany,  the  country  parts  of  Italy,  Spain, 
Russia,  and  even  in  the  United  States  of  America, 
where  so  many  English  institutions  still  remained." 

As  an  illustration  of  this  I  may  mention 
that  a  friend  of  mine  who  was  on  horse- 
back noticed,  on  meeting  an  Italian  general, 
also  on  horseback,  at  the  gates  of  Rome, 
that  his  doubt  as  to  the  correct  side  was 


shared  by  the  distinguished  native.  Rome 
perhaps  follows  the  British,  and  the  Cam- 
pagna  the  opposite,  system. 

Mr.  Mahaffy  maintained  that 
"  the  natural  way  to  lead  a  horse  was  with  the 
right  hand,  and  it  was  desirable,  when  two  horses 
were  passing  on  a  road,  that  the  men  leading  them 
should  each  be  between  his  horse  and  the  other 
horse  and  man." 

He  stated  that  this  rule  was  followed  in 
our  own  country  roads,  where 
"  the  rule  for  horses  led  by  hand  was  the  opposite 
from  that  for  driven  carriages,  and  this  must 
have  been  the  universal  rule  in  old  times,  when 
heavy  traffic  was  carried  by  led  pack-horses." 

Mr.  Mahaffy's  reference  to  pack-horses 
reminds  me  that  our  old  friend  DR.  DORAK 
on  the  9th  of  July,  1864  (3  S.  vi.  26),  mentions 
that  in  an  article  in  The  Cornhill  of  that 
month  it  is  said  that  "the  old  pack-horse 
roads  in  Wilts  are  still  used  by  drovers  and 
others  wishing  to  avoid  the  toll-bars "  ; 
and  DC-RAN  quotes  from  Sleigh's  '  History  of 
Leek  l  to  show  that  the  old  pack-horse  road 
in  Staffordshire  is  still  in  existence.  '  By 
Packhorse  Track  to  Shere  *  is  also  the  sub- 
ject of  an  article  in  The  Evening  News  of 
the  18th  inst.,  being  No.  XIII.  of  a  series 
on  '  Afoot  round  London.*  It  mentions 
"the  old  drove-road,  or  pack-horse  track, 
which  goes  almost  due  west  along  the  ridge 
of  the  North  Downs  to  Guildford." 
Mr.  Mahafiy  went  on  to  say  : — 
'•  It  remained  to  be  considered  why  the  rule  in 
England  was  changed,  and  he  had  come  to  the 
conclusion  that  it  must  have  been  changed 
gradually  after  the  introduction  of  fast  carriage 
driving  on  the  English  country  roads,  and  more 
especially  after  the  introduction  of  coaching. 
He  had  looked  into  various  books  on  coaching  and 
driving,  and  the  general  conclusion  to  which 
they  pointed  was  that  the  practice  of  driving 
carriages  became  general  in  the  early  part  of  the 
seventeenth  century ....  When  carriages  came 
into  general  use,  one  thing  at  once  became  essential, 
and  that  was  that  the  whip,  which  did  so  much 
to  guide  as  well  as  to  encourage  the  horse,  should 
be  free.  This  became  even  more  necessary  with 
the  introduction  of  four-in-hand  driving  and  fast 
journeys,  for  drivers  had  little  control  over  the 
leading  horse  except  by  means  of  the  whip." 

The  driver  holding  his  whip  in  the  right 
hand,  he  would  naturally  keep  to  the  left  side 
of  the  road,  so  as  to  have  room  for  the  free 
play  of  the  whip,  and  Mr.  Mahaffy  sub- 
mitted that  this  was  the  reason  for  the 
change.  But  then  comes  the  question,  How 
was  it  that  no  such  change  was  made  in 
France  or  Germany  ?  As  regards  France, 
the  roads  were  generally  made  straight 
across  country,  and  by  an  order  of  the  French 
Royal  Council  in  1776  they  were  divided 


162 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [11  s.  n.  ADO.  27, 1910. 


into  four  classes,  the  breadth  of  the  first 
being  as  much  as  42  ft.  between  fences,  the 
second  36,  the  third  30,  and  the  fourth  24. 
At  that  time  our  roads  were  much  narrower, 
very  few  being  42  ft.  wide,  so  that  the  risk  of 
having  the  whip  encumbered  by  keeping 
to  the  right  in  France  was  very  much  less 
than  in  the  narrow  roads  of  England.  The 
English  rule  was  not  confirmed  by  statute 
till  the  passing  of  the  Highway  Act  of  1835, 
and  before  that  time  it  was  clearly  decided 
by  the  judges  that  "  it  was  at  best  only  a  rule 
of  convenience,  and  not  to  be  adhered  to 
as  a  hard-and-fast  rule.'*  Since  1835  the 
duty  to  keep  to  the  left  had  been  put  upon 
all  drivers,  both  when  they  were  meeting 
other  vehicles  and  when  they  were  being 
overtaken,  and  failure  to  observe  this  rule 
was  punishable  with  a  fine. 

After  the  reading  of  the  paper,  Mr.  H.  F. 
Dessen's  proposal  that  a  small  committee 
should  be  appointed  to  consider  the  desira- 
bility of  a  universal  rule  of  the  road  on  land 
was  carried. 

In  'N.  &  Q.'  this  "rule  absolute"  was 
advocated  on  the  9th  of  June,  1866 
(3  S.  ix.  482),  by  X.  C.,  who  considers  the 
French  plan  of  one  rule  for  walkers,  riders, 
and  drivers  the  best  :  "All  should  pass 
meeting  left  arm  to  left  arm,  and  over- 
taking by  the  left."  He  mentions  that 
"  in  Belgium,  Germany,  and  most  parts  of 
Switzerland  the  French  rule  of  the  road 
prevails.  In  the  cantons  of  Switzerland  next 
Italy,  and  in  Italy  itself,  they  drive  and  ride 
as  in  England,  passing  right  arm  to  right 
arm.'* 

On  the  28th  of  July,  1866  (3  S.  x.  63), 
T.  A.  H.  gives  what  he  believes  to  be  the 
correct  version  of  the  lines  on  '  The  Rule  of 
the  Road,'  and  states,  in  reply  to  several 
correspondents,  that  he  has  "  always  under- 
stood their  author  to  have  been  Henry 
Erskine."  The  wording  was  :— 

The  rule  of  the  road  is  a  paradox  quite  ; 
For  in  driving  your  carriage  along, 

If  you  turn  to  the  left  you  are  sure  to  go  right, 
If  you  turn  to  the  right  you  go  wrong. 

On  the  17th  of  August,  1867  (3  S.xii.  139), 
LORD  HOWDEN  advocates  the  French  rule, 
which  "  has  a  rationale  of  its  own,  which 
gives  it  additional  convenience.  In  passing 
to  the  right  of  a  road,  and  not  to  the  left, 
as  in  England,  you  have  your  whip-hand  free, 
in  case  of  starting,  bolting,  gibing,  or  any 
other  danger  of  too  much  juxtaposition.'1 

On  the  31st  of  August  P.  A.  L.,  although  a 
Frenchman,  and  "  desirous  to  chime-in  with 
him,"  considers  "  the  rule  which  obtains  in 


England  far  more  sensible  and  safe,  inas- 
much as  each  '  Whip,'  passing  close  to  the 
other's  right  wheel,  can  see  at  a  glance,  and 
much  better,  what  distance  there  is  between 
the  two,  and  so  avoid  a  collision.*1 

On  the  7th  of  December  UNEDA  says  that 
1  '  Keep  to  the  right '  is  the  general  rule  of 
the  road  in  the  United  States,'1  and  quotes 
from  the  '  Law  of  Roads  in  Pennsylvania,*' 
published  in  1848,  which  states:  "In 
England  a  contrary  usage  prevails,  and  it 
has  often  been  desired  that  the  English 
practice,  as  the  most  reasonable,  should  be 
here  adopted.'* 

On  the  28th  of  December  T.  M.  M. 
explains  the  difference  between  the  practice 
in  England  and  the  Continent  :  "In  England,, 
where  the  habit  of  driving  from  a  seat  or  box 
generally  prevailed,  and  where  consequently 
(the  exigencies  of  the  operation  requiring 
the  right  arm  to  be  free)  the  driver  occupies 
the  extreme  right  of  the  driving-seat,  thi& 
condition  necessitated  the  adherence  to  th& 
left  side  of  the  road.  On  the  Continent, 
where  all  public  vehicles  were  wont  to  b& 
driven  by  postillions,  whose  proper  seat  is  on 
the  left  or  near  horse,  the  same  condition 
involved  a  recurrence  to  the  opposite  or  right 
side  of  the  road." 

On  the  llth  of  June,  1881  (6  S.  iii.  468), 
JEHU  points  out  that  on  the  Continent, 
"  curiously  enough,  the  English  rule  obtains 
on  the  railways,  owing  no  doubt  to  the  first 
lines  having  been  planned  by  English 
engineers"  ;  and  he  considers  it  "remark- 
able that  America  should  not  have  followed 
the  mother  country  in  the  rule  of  the  road." 
SIB,  J.  A.  PICTON  on  the  9th  of  July  points  out 
that  on  the  Continent  "  the  usual  method 
is  to  drive  with  reins,  in  which  case  it  is- 
as  easy  to  pass  on  one  side  as  the  other,  and 
the  ordinary  preference  of  the  right  hand 
naturally  impels  to  the  right."  There  is 
much  more  on  the  subject  in  the  same 
volume ;  and  on  the  28th  of  January,. 
1882,  J.  P.  quotes  the  Act  of  Parliament 
regulating  the  rule  of  the  road  for  Ireland. 

A.  N.  Q. 


SHAKESPEARIANA. 

'TEMPEST,'  IV.  i.  64  (11  S.  i.  323).— The 
line 

Thy  banks  with  pioned  and  twilled  brims 
is  exhaustively  treated  in  the  notes  to  the 
Furness  Variorum  edition  of  the  play  ;  and 
the  conclusion  one  reaches  from  a  perusal 
of  them  seems  to  be  that  no  direct  allusion 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  27, 1910.1       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


163 


to  peonies  or  any  other  flowers  was  intended 
by  the  poet.  "  Pioned  "  is  an  old  English 
word,  as  Holt,  Henley,  and  Knight  long  ago 
pointed  out,  which  signified  "dug3"  or 
"  trenched  "  ;  while  Spenser  in  '  The  Faerie 
Queene,'  ii.  63,  when  speaking  of  the  wall 
built  by  Constantino  from  the  Forth  to  the 
Clyde,  uses  the  substantive  "  pyonings 'J 
in  the  sense  of  entrenchments  : — 

With  painful  pyonings 
From  sea  to  sea,  he  heapt  a  mighty  mound. 

The  'N.E.D.,'  it  should  be  noted,  favours 
this  etymology. 

"  Twilled  5?  is  a  much  harder  nut  to  crack, 
but  Henley's  note  (Var.  ed.,  p.  196),  I 
think,  explains  it  sufficiently  : — 

"  The  giving  way  and  caving  in  of  the  prims  of 
those  banks  occasioned  by  the  heats,  rains,  and 
frosts  of  the  preceding  year  are  made  good  by 
opening  the  trenches  from  whence*  the  banks  them- 
selves were  at  first  raised,  and  facing  them  up 
afresh  with  the  mire  these  trenches  contain." 

"  Twilled  "  is  here  understood  to  be  derived 
from  Fr.  touiller,  which,  according  to  Cot- 
grave,  meant  "filthily  to  mix,  or  mingle,'3 
"besmear."  Thus  the  bank,  being  heaped 
up  again,  is  "  trimmed "  or  decorated  by 
"  spongy  April  "  with  flowers  "  to  make  cold 
nymphs  chaste  crowns."  '  The  Century 
Dictionary  '  takes  a  somewhat  similar  view 
by  rendering  "twilled"  as  "ridged"  or 
"  terraced."  It  is  necessary,  if  possible,  to 
establish  a  close  association  of  idea  between 
the  two  epithets,  "pioned  "  and  "  twilled  "  : 
a  want  which  this  interpretation  apparently 
goes  far  to  supply.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

After  inquiries  among  competent 
authorities  I  am  unable  to  find  any  endorse- 
ment of  the  local  clergyman's  view  advanced 
by  The  Edinburgh  Review  that  a  marsh 
marigold  is  called  in  Shakespeare's  district 
a  peony.  Consequently,  until  further 
evidence  appears,  I  must  decline  to  accept 
a  suggestion  which  on  the  face  of  it  is  not 
convincing.  KEL  MEZZO. 

'  MERRY  WIVES  OF  WINDSOR,'  II.  i.  228  : 
"AN-HEIRES"  (11  S.  i.  323).— Custom  can- 
not stale  the  infinite  variety  of  sobriquets 
with  which  mine  host  of  the  Garter  lards  his 
comrogues.  Among  his  pleasantries  are 
Kaisar,"  "  Pheezar,n  "  Cavaleiro- justice," 
"  guest -cavaleire,"  "  Francisco  "  (or  "  Fran- 
(joyes  "),  "  Castilion-King -Urinal,'*  "  Hector 
of  Greece,"  "  Bohemian-Tartar,"  &c.  ;  and 
here  I  believe  we  should  read  Al-feres.  This 
Spanish  word,  meaning  (in  military  parlance) 
an  ensign,  and  spelt  "  alfaras,"  "  alfares," 


"alferes,"  "  alferez,"  is  used  by  Jonson,. 
Beaumont  and  Fletcher,  &c.,  and  is  the  sort 
of  title  that  would  be  after  the  heart  of 
bully  host.  As  it  is  of  Arabic  origin,  a 
hyphen  after  Al,  the  article,  would  be 
correct,  and  usual  in  early  times.  K.  D. 

Several  emendations  have  been  proposed 
for  the  word  "  an-heires,"  namely,  "On, 
here,"  "  On,  heroes,"  "  On,  hearts,"  and 
"  cavaliers  " — the  last  being  the  one  favoured 
by  MR.  TOM  JONES  ;  see  the  note  s.v.  in 
Rolfe's  edition  of  the  play.  Theobald's 
substitution  of  "  mynheers,"  however,  look& 
the  most  likely,  if  one  has  regard  to  the  inter- 
course that  sprang  up  between  the  people 
of  the  two  great  Protestant  powers  at  the 
close  of  the  sixteenth  century. 

N.  W.  HLLL. 

'  2  HENRY  IV.,5  I.  ii.  45  (11  S.  i.  323,  504). 
— Payne  Collier  gives  "  thorough  "  instead 
of  "through"  in  "And  if  a  man  is 
through  with  them  in  honest  taking  up.'* 
"  Taking  up  •'*  a  bill  or  account  is  a  common 
phrase,  and  so  I  read  the  sentence  as 
"  And  if  a  man  is  particular  in  paying  his 
bills,  then  they  insist  on  security  for  any 
accommodation  he  may  require." 

GALFRID  K.  CONGREVE. 
Vermilion,  Alberta. 

'  TITUS  ANDRONICUS,*  V.  i.  99-102  (11  S. 
i.  324,  504).  —  I  think  correspondents  at 
these  references  must  be  at  fault  in  their 
interpretation  of  the  line 

As  true  a  dog  as  ever  fought  at  head. 
Surely  the  reference  is  to  bull-baiting.    The 
object  of  the  dog  in  this  "  sport  "  was  that 
termed  "pinning  and  holding,"  that  is,  to 
seize  the  bull  by  its  nose  and  then  not  to 
let  go.     A  dog  which  did  not  at  once  go 
for  the  head  of  the  bull  would  be  utterljr 
useless  for  that  purpose.      F.  A.  RUSSELL. 
4,  Nelgarde  Road,  Catford,  S.E. 

SHAKESPEARE'S    EPITAPH:     "PAGE": — 

All  that  he  hath  writ 
Leaves  living  art  but  page  to  serve  his  wit. 

The  expression  "  but  page  to  serve  his 
wit  "  in  these,  the  last  lines  of  the  epitaph 
on  the  monument  at  Stratford,  requires 
attention. 

Mr.  Sidney  Lee  in  his  '  Great  Englishmen 
of  the  Sixteenth  Century  *  (article  '  Shake- 
speare's Career  - ),  commenting  on  the  above 
lines,  observes  : — 

"  These  words  mean  only  one  thing :  At  Stratford- 
on-Avon,  his  native  place,  Shakespeare  was  held  to- 


164 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       ui  s.  n.  AUG.  27, 1910. 


«njoy  a  universal  reputation.  Literature  by  all 
other  living  pens  was  at  the  date  of  his  death  only 
fit,  in  the  eyes  of  his  fellow- townsmen,  to  serve  *  all 
that  he  had  writ '  as  page  boy  or  menial.  There  he 
was  the  acknowledged  master,  and  all  other  writers 
his  servants.  The  epitaph  can  be  explained  in  no 
other  sense." 

Mr.  Lee  interprets  the  word  "  page," 
therefore,  as  meaning  an  inferior — a  page 
boy  or  menial.  It  does  not  appear  that 
there  is  any  reason  for  doubting  the  correct- 
ness of  this  explanation. 

It  is  practically  certain  that  the  epitaph 
was  not  composed  by  any  one  living  in 
Stratford.  As  Halli  well -Phi  llipps  observes 
{'  Outlines,1  p.  285):— 

"  It  is  not  likely  that  these  verses  were  composed 
•either  by  a  Stratfordian  or  by  any  one  acquainted 
with  their  destined  position,  otherwise  the  writer 
could  hardly  have  spoken  of  Death  having  placed 
Shakespeare  '  within  this  monument.' " 

It  is  thus  evident  that  we  must  look  else- 
where than  in  Stratford  for  the  author. 
It  is  hardly  necessary  to  state  that  there  is 
no  external  evidence  of  any  kind  indicating 
the  authorship.  We  are  obliged,  accord- 
ingly, to  depend  wholly  upon  the  internal 
evidence  of  the  epitaph  itself.  I  return, 
therefore,  to  the  consideration  of  the  ex- 
pression "  but  page  to  serve  his  wit,51 
and  give  the  following  reason  for  believing 
that  Francis  Bacon  may  have  been  the 
author  of  the  epitaph. 

In  Spedding's  '  Works  of  Francis  Bacon,* 
there  is  given  by  the  editor  an  introductory 
preface  to  Bacon's  '  Advancement  of  Learn- 
ing.1 In  this  preface  Spedding  mentions  the 
following  facts.  The  '  Advancement l  was 
published  in  1605.  It  consists  of  two  books, 
or  parts.  The  first  book  was  probably 
written  some  few  years  before  the  second. 
But  the  second  book,  as  Spedding  states, 
is  "  much  the  more  important  of  the  two." 

It  appears  that  Bacon  had  shown  the 
MS.  of  the  first  book  to  his  friend  Tobie 
Matthew,  and  in  1605,  when  the  work  was 
published  (or  shortly  afterwards),  Bacon 
sent  a  copy  of  the  printed  volume,  now 
containing  the  more  important  second  part, 
to  Matthew,  with  a  letter  from  which 
Spedding  gives  the  following  extract : — 

''My  work  touching  the  'Proficiency  and  Ad- 
vancement of  Learning  '  I  have  put  into  two  books, 
whereof  the  former,  which  you  saw,  I  account  but 
as  a  Page  to  the  latter." 

Here  we  have  the  same  expression  "  but 
[as  a]  Page  "  that  occurs  in  the  epitaph.  In 
both  instances  the  expression  is  used  to 
designate  the  relation  existing  between  an 
inferior  and  a  superior. 


It  would  be  interesting  to  ascertain  (if 
possible)  whether  any  author  other  than 
Bacon,  writing  between  1605  and  1623,  had 
used  the  word  "  page "  with  the  unusual 
meaning  attached  to  it,  as  above.  Inquirers 
into  this  problem,  I  may  state,  will  obtain 
no  information  from  the  *  New  English 
Dictionary.1  Sir  James  Murray's  staff  of 
readers  has  not  reported  any  such  definition 
under  the  word  "  page.'2 

H.   PEMBEBTON,   Jun. 

Philadelphia. 

*  2  HENBY  IV.,'  IV.  i.  139  :— 

And  bless'd,  and  graced,  and  did,  more  than  the 
king. 

Surely  drowsiness  must  have  come  over 
Theobald  when  such  an  acute  and  judicious 
critic  substituted  for  "  and  did,"  which  is 
the  reading  of  all  the  Folios  in  the  above 
line,  Thirlby's  conjecture  "  indeed, n  which 
the  Cambridge  editors  have  introduced  into 
the  text.  Not  only  is  there  no  necessity 
for  any  such  change,  but  there  are  cogent 
reasons  why  we  should  adhere  to  the 
text  of  the  Folios,  the  words  objected 
to  forming,  so  to  speak,  the  very  bone 
and  muscle  of  Westmoreland's  speech. 
"  All  the  country's  wishes  and  prayers,"  he 
tells  us, 

Were  set  on  Hereford,  whom  they  doted  on. 
And  bless'd,  and  graced,  and  did,  more  than  the 
king. 

Aye,  "and  did."  Not  all  the  blessings  and 
gracings  of  all  the  world  would  have  set 
Hereford  on  the  throne  without  good 
resolute  action,  and  that  Westmoreland  very 
well  knew,  and  that  Shakespeare  took  care  to 
make  Westmoreland  express,  which  he  did  by 
adding,  with  a  bold  stroke  of  his  pen,  the 
words  "and  did":  they  blessed  Hereford 
more  than  they  did  the  king,  they  graced 
Hereford  more  than  they  did  the  king ; 
they  did  more  for  Hereford  than  ever  they 
did  for  the  king.  *'  Did  "  here  is  a  notional 
verb,  as  the  grammarians  call  it,  and  not  an 
auxiliary.  Modern  usage  would  insert  after 
it  the  preposition  "for,"  but  between  modern 
English  and  Elizabethan  English,  as  Mr. 
Daniel  Jones  in  his  recent  lecture  has 
reminded  us,  there  is  a  vast  difference. 
Shakespeare  cuts  it  short  ;  but  of  his 
meaning  there  can  be  no  doubt,  any  more 
than  there  can  be  in  that  remarkable 
expression  in  '  King  Henry  VIII.,'  "That 
am,  have,  and  will  be,  *'  which  is  a  triumph 
of  Shakespearian  brevity. 

PHILIP  PEERING. 
7,  Lyndhurst  Road,  Exeter. 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  27,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


165 


NOTTINGHAM  GRAVEYARD  INSCRIP- 
TIONS. 

HAVING  lately  transcribed  all  the  monu- 
mental inscriptions  in  the  disused  church- 
yards and  Nonconformist  burial-grounds  of 
old  Nottingham,  I  have  thought  that  the 
references  to  families  connected  with  other 
places  or  persons  buried  elsewhere  might 
perhaps  be  acceptable  to  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
The  Baptist  Cemetery  contains  only  three 
such  references,  viz.  : — 

Cook  Lock,  Bedford  Villa,  "died  at  Clophill, 
Beds and  was  interred  at  that  place." 

A  daughter  of  "The  Rev.  John  Wilson  of 
Matlock  Bath." 

Parker,  "late  of  Kettering  in  Northamptonshire." 

The  following  allusions  to  outside  places 
occur  in  St.  Peter's  Churchyard  : — 

Carr,  "of  Kiddall,  near  Leeds." 

Carter,  "late  of  Lightcliffe,  near  Halifax." 

Chawuer,  "Vicar  of  Church  Broughton,  and 
Perpetual  Curate  of  Scrapton." 

Newham,  of  "Wilford." 

North,  "  of  Southwell." 

Panton,  "gentleman,  late  of  the  City  of  Chester." 

Sargent,  "  of  Ruddington." 

Thompson,  "gentleman,  late  of  Arnold." 

Tompson,  "late  of  Bradmore." 

[An  illegible  memorial  appears  to  contain  a 
reference  to  the  East  Indies.] 

The  following  items  are  taken  from  the 
Congregationalist  burial-ground  : — 

Wilson,  "many  years  pastor  of  a  Christian  Church 
at  Matlock  Bath,  Derbyshire." 

Sharwood,  "of  Charter-house  Square,  London, 

who  died at  Nottingham,  on  his  way  home  from 

Derbyshire,  where  he  had  been  visiting  his  Friends." 

Carlill,  "  of  Hull." 

Price,  "  late  of  Warwick." 

Turner,  "  late  of  London." 

Smith,  "of  Keyworth  in  this  county." 

Bradley,  "interred  in  Abney  Park  Cemetery, 
London." 

Swann,  "who  died  in  London,  and  was  interred 
m  Eunhill  Fields." 

Howard,  "interred  in  Kensal  Green  Cemetery." 

The  following  items  are  taken  from  the 
Mary's    Church    supplementary    burial- 
grounds,  Barker  Gate,  which  also  embrace 
the  small  ground  of  the  Stoney  Street  Baptist 
Chapel  : — 

Sheltou,  late  of  Ketton,  Rutland. 

Gray,  of  Leeds. 

Smith,  "a  native  of  Leicester." 

Wood,  "  born  at  Crich  in  Derbyshire. ' 

Gascoyne,  of  Colsterworth,  Lincolnshire. 

baxby,  "of  Redford  in  this  county."    [No  doubt 

Retford      Leland  refers  to    "  Retheford,  of  sum 

soundid  Redford."] 

Storkes,  "born  at  Belton,  near  Grantham." 
Harrison,  "  late  of  Woolsthorp,  by  Belvoir  Castle." 
Goodacre,  'born  at  Long  Clawson,  Leicestershire." 
Parker,  "late  of  Thrinkstone  in  the  county  of 


Garton,  of  Basford,  Notts. 

Glasskin,  of  Lenton. 

Heard,  "born  at  Markn'eld  in  Leicestershire 

baptized  at  Barton." 

Taylor,  died  at  Port  Macquarrie,  New  South 
Wales. 

Taylor,  died  on  his  passage  from  Tahiti  to 
Melbourne. 

Taylor,  died  at  Manchester,  interred  in  Harpur- 
hey  Cemetery. 

Smith,  of  Peckham,  Surrey. 

Possibly  some  of  the  foregoing  references 
may  prove  helpful  to  inquirers  associated 
with  the  places  referred  to,  who  would 
hardly  be  likely  to  institute  searches  in 
Nottingham. 

I  hope  in  another  instalment  to  supply 
similar  particulars  relating  to  the  remaining 
disused  Nottingham  graveyards. 

A.  STAPLETON. 
39,  Burford  Road,  Nottingham. 


FLORENCE  NIGHTINGALE  AS  A  FORBEAR  : 
STOCKER  FAMILY. — If  the  giving  of  life 
entitles  one  to  ancestral  respect,  at  least  one 
London  family  has  cause  to  regard  the  famous 
maiden  who  has  just  died  as  a  main  factor  in 
its  family  tree.  Hardly  had  Miss  Nightingale 
landed  in  the  Crimea  before  she  had  to  plunge 
into  the  horrors  of  the  field  of  Inkerman. 
Underneath  a  pile  of  actual  corpses  was  a 
seemingly  lifeless  body  which  she  ordered  to 
be  carried  to  the  hospital,  where  she  nursed 
it  back  to  life,  giving  the  rescued  soldier 
a  memento  of  their  meeting. 

This  soldier,  now  many  years  deceased, 
Sergeant  Benjamin  Stocker,  one  of  the  most 
highly  respected  non-coms,  in  the  Army, 
lived  to  serve  in  many  stations,  ending  in 
charge  of  the  training  depot  at  Monken 
Hadley.  After  the  Crimea  he  married  a 
young  widow  of  Devizes,  a  descendant  of 
Sir  George  Rooke  (for  the  famous  admiral 
left  descendants  in  spite  of  dictionaries), 
and  had  a  large  family.  The  eldest  child, 
Mrs.  Annie  Phessie,  the  light  and  life  of  a 
large  circle  in  Dulwich,  died  especially 
beloved  only  a  few  months  before  her  father's 
rescuer.  A  son  of  the  same  name  followed 
in  his  father's  footsteps,  and  was  given  a 
commission  for  signal  services  in  the  Boer 
War  and  other  campaigns.  These  children 
united  three  distinct  Rooke  families  from 
distant  points  in  England  and  Ireland, 
Sergeant  Stocker's  own  mother  being  a 
Rooke  of  a  Devon  Quaker  family.  He  was 
born  at  Honiton,  where  a  great-aunt,  Mrs. 
Mary  Stocker,  left  a  legacy  conditional  on  the 
life  of  her  cat.  Her  will  in  the  Prerogative 
Court  files  has  occasioned  countless  fictitious 


166 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  IL  AUG.  27, 1910. 


and  facetious  variants.  The  main  stem  of 
these  West-Country  Stockers  was  at  the 
adjoining  Colyton,  where  Sergeant  Stocker 
derived  by  descent  his  given  name  from  an 
ancestress  of  the  family  of  the  famous  first 
Harvard  graduate,  Benjamin  Woodbridge, 
Puritan  Vicar  of  Newbury  and  chaplain  to 
Charles  II.  Like  the  Wiltshire  Rookes, 
the  Stockers  of  the  Devon  and  Somerset 
border  go  back  to  London.  Sir  William 
Stocker  was  one  of  three  Lords  Mayor  in  the 
fatal  year  of  Bosworth  Field ;  and  the 
well-known  Jekyll  family  derive  from  the 
heiress  of  Stoke  Newingt on,  Margaret  Stocker, 
who  gave  her  son  the  earliest  known 
example  of  a  "middle22  name,  viz.,  John 
Stocker  Jeykll.  ALNWICK. 

"TOTEM":  ITS  ETYMOLOGY. — I  regret 
that  the  account  of  totem  in  the  new  edition 
of  my  (larger)  '  Etymological  Dictionary  *  is 
not  quite  right ;  it  was  copied  from  *  The 
Century  Dictionary.*  But  actual  reference 
to  the  Algonkin  dictionary  by  Cuoq  shows 
that  it  can  be  bettered.  The  word  ote  means 
(1)  a  family  in  one  tent;  (2)  a  family, 
tribe ;  (3)  a  family  mark  or  cognizance. 
A  suffixed  -m  indicates  possession  ;  and  the 
prefixing  of  a  personal  pronoun  to  a  form 
ending  in  -m  gives  the  equivalent  of  a 
possessive  pronoun.  Hence,  by  prefixing 
ot,  meaning  "  he,"  to  otem,  we  obtain  ototem, 
meaning  "  his  family  mark  "  ;  whence  our 
English  a  totem,  in  which  the  word  has  been 
misdivided  and  misrepresented. 

WALTER  W.   SKEAT. 

THOROUGH  TOLL  AT  NEWCASTLE. — The 
Newcastle  Chronicle  of  the  3rd  inst.  stated 
that  at  midnight  on  that  day  the  "  thorough 
toll "  of  Newcastle  would  be  collected  for 
the  last  time.  The  toll  originated  so  far  back 
that  the  date  is  unknown,  but  it  was  granted 
for  repairing  the  city  walls.  In  later  years 
the  amount  received — something  like  8,OOOZ. 
per  annum — has  been  used  for  the  upkeep 
of  the  streets. 

It  would  seem  that  this  Newcastle 
"thorough  toll2'  is  the  last  of  its  kind. 
Should  this  not  be  the  case,  some  reader  of 
'N.  &  Q.'  will  perhaps  kindly  inform  me 
of  any  others  still  in  existence.  A.  N.  Q. 

FRANCO  FAMILY. — Since  the  sensational 
sale  at  Christie's  on  8  July  of  Gainsborough's 
portrait  of  Raphael  Franco,  a  good  deal  of 
interest  has  been  excited  in  the  various  mem- 
bers of  this  family  of  wealthy  eighteenth- 
century  Anglo  -Jewish  merchants .  Some  bio  - 
graphical  details  of  Gainsborough's  sitter 


will  be  found  in  the  report  of  the  sale 
published  in  The  Times  of  9  July.  Raphael 
Franco  himself  died  on  8  November,  1781,  a 
year  or  so  after  the  portrait  was  painted. 

From  The  Times  of  1789  I  have  copied  two 
paragraphs  which  future  writers  may  be 
glad  to  know  of.  They  apparently  refer  to 
two  members  of  the  same  family  : — 

"  The  executors  of  Mr.  Franco  have  filed  a  bill  of 
very  great  length  against  the  Patentees  of  Drury 
Lane  Playhouse,  and  the  executors  of  Mr.  Garrick. 
One  of  the  variety  of  the  objects  of  this  bill  is  to 
restrain  them  from  pulling  down  the  Theatre. "- 
April  2. 

"  Tha  Prince  has  repurchased  his  favourite  horse 
Escape  of  Mr.  Franco  for  1,700  guineas,  originally 
knocked  down  by  Tattersall  at  the  Prince's  sale  for 
90  guineas,  so  that  there  are  ups  and  downs  in  this 
world,  even  with  horses."— May  14. 

W.  ROBERTS. 

OLD-TIME  ENGLISH  DANCING. — I  have 
had  shown  to  me  a  leading  article  on 
'  Dancing  *  in  The  Times  of  20  July,  in  which 
it  is  said  : — 

"Dancing  is  a  serious  art  with  most  primitive 
peoples  ;  and  it  was  a  serious  art  in  England  not 
so  long  ago.  There  is  nothing  frivolous  or  romping 
in  our  old  dance  tunes  or  in  the  measures  of  our. 
old  dances,  but  often  something  plaintive  in  the 
music ;  a  solemn  gravity  in  the  dancers'  movements. 
If  you  see  an  old  dance,  such  as  a  Pavane,  well 
danced,  you  cannot  but  be  aware  of  a  curious 
significance  in  it  as  if  it  were  some  kind  of  religious 
ritual.  The  dancers  seem  to  be  occupied  with  some 
secret  and  beautiful  business  of  their  own,  which 
is  quite  unrelated  to  the  ordinary  facts  of  life." 

From  a  recollection  dating  back  nearly 
ninety  years,  I  do  not  agree  with  this.  In 
my  younger  days  in  Eastern  Cornwall  there 
was  much  gaiety  in  many  of  the  country 
dances,  as  well  as  in  the  jigs  which  came 
from  olden  time  ;  and  when  we  wished  to 
describe  a  particularly  joyous  occasion,  we 
used  to  say  that  "  it  was  a  regular  rigadoon," 
which  palpably  recalled  an  old-fashioned 
dance  that  had  gone  out  of  popular  use  even 
before  my  day.  R.  ROBBINS. 

"  EGYPTIAN  POMPE." — John  Agmondes- 
ham  of  Barnes,  Surrey,  in  his  will,  dated 
1597,  and  proved  1598  (71  Lewyn),  desired 
to  be  buried  * '  without  Egyptian  Pompe, 
for  by  death  men  cease  from  their  labors." 
This  is  a  use  of  Egyptian  as  an  adjective 
which  I  have  not  seen  elsewhere. 

A.  RHODES. 

AVIATION  :  EARLY  ATTEMPTS. — I  have 
found  a  reference  in  a  contemporary  weekly 
paper  that  a  M.  Chabrier  read  a  paper  on  a 
"Daedalian  apparatus"  before  the  Paris 
Academy  of  Sciences  on  6  September,  1830. 

L.  L.  K. 


ii  s.  ii.  A™.  27, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


167 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  name's  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

GOLDWIN  SMITH'S  '  REMINISCENCES.' — 
Will  you,  of  your  courtesy,  allow  me  to 
•appeal  through  your  columns  for  a  little 
information  ? 

I  am  editing  Mr.  Goldwin  Smith's 
'  Reminiscences,'  and  I  am  over  and  over 
again  puzzled  by  references  to  people  who, 
apparently,  nourished  before  I  was  born. 

Who,  for  example,  was  **  Hemming Ji  of 
The  Saturday  Review?  Who  was  "Sally 
Ward,"  afterwards  Mrs.  Bigelbw  Lawrence — 
she  who  was  often  to  be  seen  at  Lady  Ash- 
burton's  salon  at  The  Grange  ?  WTio  were 
Robert  and  Samuel  Kell  of  Bradford  ? 
Patrick  Comyn  was  evidently  a  good  com- 
panion, a  playgoer,  and,  I  think,  a  friend 
of  Smyth  Pigott ;  but  of  his  birth,  life,  and 
•death  I  have  found  no  particulars.  Who, 
too,  was  "Temple"  under  whose  tuition 
Goldwin  Smith  learned  to  plead  at  the  Bar  ? 
Who  was  "  Prof.  Simpson  of  Belfast,31  circ. 
1860?  Who  was  "Bishop  Spencer,  then 
[circ.  1840]  ministering  in  Paris "  ?  And 
will  some  one  tell  me  who  was  "  Mrs.  Jones 
of  Pant-y-Glass 1l  (if  I  have  the  name 
right),  of  whom  the  Duke  of  Wellington  was 
"'foolishly  fond"  ? 

I  need  scarcely  say  how  grateful  I  shall  be 
to  any  of  your  correspondents  who  will  be 
kind  enough  to  write  to  me  direct,  for  I  am 
working  three  thousand  miles  away  from  the 
British  Museum  and  the  Bodleian. 

ARNOLD  HAULTAIN. 
The  Grange,  Toronto,  Canada. 

DICTIONARY  OF  MYTHOLOGY.  —  Can  any 
one  recommend  a  good  dictionary  of 
mythology,  on  the  order  of  Lempriere's 
Classical  Dictionary,'  but  thoroughly  up  to 
•date,  complete,  and  not  virginibus  puerisque  ? 
If  there  is  no  good  one  in  the  English 
language,  do  any  of  the  readers  of  *  N.  &  Q.' 
know  of  such  a  dictionary  in  French  or 
•German  ?  "W  r  «s 

T        i  .  ..  TT  *      VT»      »  '  . 

Indianapolis. 

;  [Such  dictionaries  are  continually  being  revised 
in  accordance  with  new  theories  of  mythology.] 

ROBERT  MACKENZIE  DANIEL,  NOVELIST. 

Mr.   Thompson   Cooper  contributed  to   the 

Dictionary  of  National  Biography  l  a  short 

sketch  of,  Robert  Mackenzie  Daniel,  author 


of  the  once  widely  read,  but  now  forgotten 
novels,  '  The  Scottish  Heiress,1  1842  ;  '  The 
Gravedigger,*  1843  ;  '  The  Young  Widow,' 
1844;  'The  Young  Baronet/  1845;  and 
*  The  Cardinal's  Daughter,1  1847.  Mr.  Cooper 
cites  as  his  authority  William  Anderson's 
'  Scottish  Nation,4  but  appears  not  to  have 
seen  the  much  fuller  account  in  Taifs  Maga- 
zine for  July,  1847,  from  which  Anderson's 
is  evidently  condensed,  and  which  is  duly 
noted  in  Poole's  '  Index.1  The  writer  in 
Tait,  followed  by  Anderson  and  Mr.  Cooper, 
states  that  Daniel 

"  was  born  in  Inverness-shire  in  the  year  1814.  His 
father  was  a  small  landed  proprietor  or  laird  within 
a  short  distance  of  the  county  town,  and  Robert  was 
the  youngest  child  of  a  rather  numerous  family. 
His  school  education  having  been  completed  in 
Inverness,  young  Daniel  was  sent  at  the  age  of 
fifteen  to  Marischal  College,  Aberdeen.  Here  he 
remained  for  the  space  of  three  years,  diligently 

pursuing  his  studies On  quitting  Aberdeen  he 

removed  to  Edinburgh,  from  the  desire  of  his  friends 
that  he  should  now  direct  his  studies  with  a  view 
to  the  bar,  which  was  also  his  own  inclination  at 
this  period.  In  prosecution  of  this  object,  he  entered 
the  office  of  a  Writer  to  the  Signet,  at  the  same 

time  attending  the  law  classes  at  the  University 

After  a  residence  of  four  years  at  Edinburgh,  Mr. 
Daniel  began  to  abandon  the  idea  of  following  the 

profession  of  an  advocate He  bethought  him  that 

he  might  meet  with  success  as  a  literateur  in  Lon- 
don, and,  accordingly,  we  find  him  there  in  the 
latter  part  of  1836." 

One  does  not  readily  believe  that  the 
greater  part  of  this  circumstantial  account, 
printed  a  few  months  after  Daniel's  death,  is 
pure  romance  ;  but  I  can  find  no  confirma- 
tion of  the  story.  When  Daniel  matricu- 
lated at  Marischal  College  in  1831,  he 
described  himself  as  "filius  Joannis,  merca- 
toris  in  urbe  Peterhead "  (see  my  '  Fasti 
Acad.  Marisc.,'  ii.  p.  473)  ;  and  he  was  a 
student  at  Marischal  College  for  only  one 
session.  The  late  Mr.  William  L.  Taylor, 
the  bibliographer  of  Peterhead,  writes 
(Scottish  Notes  and  Queries  for  February, 
1892,  p.  142)  :— 

"  Robert  Mackenzie  Daniel  was  the  eldest  sou  of 
John  Daniel,  clothier  and  marine  insurance  broker, 
Peterhead.  Born  in  Peterhead  about  1815 ;  trained 
as  a  writer  in  the  office  of  the  late  Provost  Alex- 
ander, solicitor,  Peterhead,  and  for  a  time  with 
Messrs.  Gamack  and  Forbes,  solicitors,  Peterhead. 
After  that  he  devoted  himself  to  literature." 

Can  any  one  suggest  an  origin  for  the 
Inverness  and  Edinburgh  legend  ?  To  add 
to  the  confusion  about  Daniel,  the  *  Eng- 
lish Catalogue  of  Books,  1835-62,'  p.  187, 
assigns  the  five  books  above  named  to 
his  widow,  who  herself  was  a  novelist  of 
some  reputation.  Allibone's  'Supplement,'  i. 
p.  445,  enumerates  no  fewer  than  eighty 


168 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  IL  AUG.  27,  mo. 


volumes  from  her  pen  during  the  years  1846- 
1877.  What  was  her  maiden  name,  and 
when  did  she  die  ?  P.  J.  ANDERSON. 

University  Library,  Aberdeen. 

EDWABD  R.  MOBAN. — Some  seventy  or 
eighty  years  ago  this  gentleman  occupied  a 
prominent  place  in  the  journalistic  world  of 
London.  He  was  at  one  time  sub -editor  of 
The  Globe,  and  a  well-known  wit  and  diner- 
out.  In  Willis's  Current  Notes,  i.  9,  is  a  short 
account  of  a  dinner  given  by  Richard  Bentley 
on  23  November,  1839,  to  a  circle  which 
included  Luttrell,  Moore,  Campbell,  Ains- 
worth,  Jerdan,  Moran,  Lover,  Barham,  and 
"  Boz.n  I  think  it  would  puzzle  a  publisher 
of  the  present  day,  even  with  the  assistance 
of  the  Perpetual  Secretary  of  the  new 
Academy  of  Literature,  to  gather  round  him 
such  a  group  as  this.  Moran,  I  learn  from 
this  note,  died  on  6  October,  1849.  I  should 
be  glad  to  know  more  of  his  career. 

W.  F.  PBIDEAUX. 

ISAAC  WATTS'S  COLLATEBAL  DESCEND  ANTS. 
— Are  there  any  collateral  descendants  of  Dr. 
Isaac  Watts,  the  hymn-writer  of  Southamp- 
ton, living  ? 

Isaac  was  born  on  17  July,  1674,  and  died 
a  bachelor  on  Friday,  25  November,  1748. 
He  had  three  brothers  : — 

1.  Richard,  the  physician  (born    10  Feb- 
ruary, 1675/6  ;  died  14  April,  1750),  who  left 
only  one   daughter  Mary,  who  married  her 
cousin  (?)  James  Brackstone,  the  bookseller. 

2.  Enoch,    the   sailor     (born     11    March, 
1678/9),  who   was    alive   on   25  November, 
1748  ;    see  p.  70~2  of  Milner's  Life. 

3.  Thomas    (born  20    January,    1679/80), 
who  was  probably  the  father  of  "  my  nephew 
Thomas  Watts  of  Colchester,**  mentioned  in 
Isaac  Watts's  will. 

There  were  four  sisters  : — 

1.  Mary  No.  1,   who    evidently    died    in 
infancy. 

2.  Mary  No.  2    (born  31   October,  1681), 
who   married    John   Brackstone  in    1707/8, 
and  had  four  children — Joseph,  Mary,  Sarah, 
and  Matilda. 

3.  Elizabeth  (born  15  August,  1689,  died 
11  November,  1691). 

4.  Of  the  fourth,  Martha,  I  have  no  par- 
ticulars. 

My  great-great-grandfather  Peter  Watts 
(No.  1)  of  Southampton  had  a  son  Peter 
Watts  (No.  2),  who  was  born  14  December, 
1747,  and  "received  into  the  Church'*  of 


Holy  Rood,  Southampton,  on  30  May,  1748, 
"having  been  baptized  before.'1  He  was 
born  one  year  before  Isaac  died,  and  I 
cannot  help  thinking  that  his  father  Peter 
(No.  1)  was  the  son  of  Enoch  or  Thomas 
Watts.  Can  any  one  clear  up  this  point  ? 

My  mother  Cecilia  Ann  BuU  (born  1834, 
died  1895),  the  daughter  of  James  Peter 
Howard  (born  1801,  died  1865)  of  White- 
heads  Wood  Park,  Shirley,  bore  a  striking 
resemblance  to  Isaac  Watts. 

James  Peter  Howard's  father  was  William 
Howard  (born  1771,  died  1858),  who  married 
Ann  Watts  (born  1777,  died  1843),  the 
daughter  of  Peter  Watts  (No.  2). 

WILLIAM  BULL. 

Vencourt,  King  Street,  Hammersmith. 

"FouL  ANCHOB.'*  —  Writing  on  'Naval 
Flags  *  on  Wednesday,  the  17th  inst.,  The 
Morning  Post  names  ' '  the  Admiralty  *  Foul 
Anchor  *  which  is  not  foul.'1  It  has  round  it 
the  cable  which  "  fouls  SJ  an  anchor,  a  lands- 
man would  have  thought.  Foul  or  not  foul, 
where  does  this  cable  date  from  ?  The 
symbol — perhaps  older  than  our  Christian 
"Hope" — is  to  be  found  on  the  earliest 
tombs  in  churches  of  Milan,  Ravenna,  and 
Palermo,  in  exactly  the  Admiralty  form. 

D. 


CBOMWELL  AND  Louis  XIV. — Referring  to 
the  invincible  soldiers  of  Cromwell,  one  of  the 
generals  of  Louis  XIV.  is  reported  to  have 
forwarded  to  his  royal  master  the  following 

laconic  dispatch:  "They  came  before , 

knelt  down  and  prayed,  and  got  up  and  took 
it."  Was  it  Turenne  in  connexion  with 
some  siege  in  the  Low  Countries  ?  I  shall 
be  very  greatly  obliged  if  any  of  your  readers 
will  inform  me.  HOWABD  RUFF. 

The  Royal  Society  of  St.  George, 
241,  Shaftesbury  Avenue,  Bloomsbury,  W.C. 

FLINT  FIBELOCKS  IN  THE  CBIMEAN  WAB. — 
Can  any  reader  tell  me  if  flint-lock  guns  or 
rifles  were  used  in  the  Crimean  War  ?  King- 
lake,  vol.  v.  pp.  152-3,  mentions  rifles  and 
firelocks  ;  also,  pp.  164-5,  307,  367,  note, 
musket. 

Does  "  firelock "  imply  flint  ?  I  know 
that  flint-locks  were  given  to  our  soldiers 
going  to  India  in  1849.  Were  some  of  these 
drafted  to  the  Crimea  ? 

MABEBLY  PHILLIPS,  F.S.A. 

[" Firelock  "  and  " musket"  were  used  for  Brown 
Bess,  the  old  smooth-bore,  and  "rifle"  for  the 
Minie,  taken  to  the  Crimea  by  the  Guards.] 


ii  s.  n.  A™.  27,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


169 


ALABASTER  BOXES  OF  LOVE.  —  Can  th 
author  of  the  passage  indicated  beneath  b 
traced  ? 

'*  Do  not  keep  the  alabaster  boxes  of  your  lov 
and  tenderness  sealed  up  until  your  friends  ar 

dead Flowers  on  the  coffin  cast  no  fragranc 

backward  over  the  weary  way." 

I  have  recently  translated  it  for  a  Bavarian 
magazine,  and  have  received  several  letter 
inquiring  as  to  the  authorship.        J.  M.  D. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 
I  should  be  obliged  if  any  correspondent  coulc 
tell  me  the  source  of 

Stern  death 
Cut  short  his  being  and  the  noun  at  once, 

and  of 

As  it  fell  out  upon  a  day 

Lazarus  sickened  and  died, 
There  came  two  serpents  out  of  hell 

Forthwith  his  soul  to  eruide. 

D.   M.    L. 

MAJOR  HUDSON   AT   ST.   HELENA. — Th 
officer  was  at  St.  Helena  during  Napoleon's 
captivity.     Can  any  reader  inform  me  as  tc 
his  career  ?  CLEMENT  SHORTER. 

BENJAMIN  JENKINS  OF  CHEPSTOW.  —  ] 
wish  to  learn  of  the  parentage,  baptism,  anc 

marriage  (with  Ann  )  of  the  above. 

He  was  probably  a  native  of  Monmouth- 
shire or  Glamorganshire,  or  possibly  of 
Bristol.  He  was  born  1712-13,  married 
between  1736  and  1746,  and  died  1783,  being 
buried  at  Chepstow.  A  direct  reply  wiU 
greatly  oblige  STANHOPE  KENNEDY. 

13,  Draper's  Hill,  Basingstoke. 

ULCOMBE     CHURCH. — In     the     'National 

Gazetteer    of    Great   Britain    and    Ireland  * 

(London,  Virtue  &  Co.,  1868)  is  the  following 

statement  under  Ulcombe  : — 
"  The  church,  dedicated  to  All  Saints,  originally 
longed  to  the  Priory  of  Christ  Church,  Canter- 
try,  from  whom  it  was  wrested  in  the  Danish 
irs,  but  restored  in  941;    in  1220  it  was  made 

collegiate  by  Archbishop  Langton,"  &c. 

Can   any   of   your   readers    give   me   the 

>rigmal  authority  for  this  statement  ?     The 
lurch  is  a  building  of  the  thirteenth  or 

fourteenth  century  over  an  earlier  Norman 

(perhaps  Saxon)  one. 

ALFRED  O.  WALKER. 
Ulcombe  Place,  near  Maidstone. 

TWOPENNY  POSTMEN.— Sir  Squire  Ban- 
croft writes  that  he  owes  much  to  the  gift 
of  memory,  but,  inasmuch  as  he  was  born 
I  May,  1841,  he  probably  owes  his  reminis- 
cence of  the  "  twopenny"  postman  to 
memory's  understudy,  imagination.  He 


declares  in  '  The  Bancrofts  :  Recollections 
of  Sixty  Years'  (p.  28)  :  "The  'twopenny5 
and  '  general l  postmen,  with  their  royal-blue 
or  scarlet  coats . . .  .1  remember  quite  clearly." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

MOHAMMED  ON  LOVE  OF  THE  NARCISSUS. — 
Mr.  Oswald  Crawfurd  in  his  '  Round  the 
Calendar  in  Portugal,1  1890,  p.  114,  gives  the 
following  quotation  from  Mohammed,  but  no 
reference  for  it  is  supplied  : — 

"Mahomet  once  addressed  this  saying  to  his 
disciples,  who,  if  they  were  materialists,  must  have 
thought  it  a  dark  one : — '  If  thou  hast  a  loaf  of 
bread,  sell  half  and  buy  the  flowers  of  the  narcissus ; 
for  bread  nourisheth  the  body,  but  the  flowers  of 
the  narcissus  the  soul.? " 

Can  any  one  tell  me  what  was  Mr.  Crawfurd's 
authority  for  this  ?  EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

PRAYER  BOOK  CALENDAR. — I  believe  that 
some  time  after  17  December,  1866,  an 
article  appeared  in  The  Ecclesiologist  dealing 
with  the  Prayer  Book  Calendar,  and  specially 
with  the  black-letter  saints.  I  am  anxious 
to  copy  the  article  in  question,  should  I  be 
able  to  obtain  the  loan  of  it.  Please  reply 
direct.  JOHNSON  BAILY. 

58,  Hallgart  Street,  Durham. 

JOHN  KING,  ARTIST. — Can  any  Devon- 
shire or  Bristol  correspondent  of  *  N.  &  Q.1 
help  me  to  trace  portraits  or  other  paintings 
by  this  artist  ?  He  was  born  at  Dartmouth 
1788,  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Institution 
and  the  Royal  Academy,  and  painted  many 
Bristol  men.  Details  of  his  career  will 
oblige.  T.  CANN  HUGHES,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 
Lancaster. 

TELEPHONES  IN  BANKS. — A  writer  in  a 
recent  issue  of  The  Red  Magazine  states  that 
'  it  is  well  known  that  telephones  are  not  in 
ise  in  any  of  the  English  banks."  Surely 
his  is  an  error.  Can  readers  of  *  N.  &  Q.* 
nform  me  whether  or  not  they  are  in  general 
ise  in  English  banks  ? 

CHAS.  F.  FORSHAW,  Litt.D. 
Baltimore  House,  Bradford. 

JAMES  WEALE.  —  I  should  like  some 
nformation  regarding  this  collector  of  Irish 
>ooks  and  MSS.  His  library  was  sold  by 
Svans  in  February,  1840.  He  was  probably 
n  engineer  by  profession,  as  he  gave  evidence 
efore  a  Lords1  Committee  on  the  question 
f  the  water  supply  of  the  metropolis,  and 
may  possibly  have  been  a  brother  of  John 
•Veale,  the  publisher  of  technical  works,  who 
ppears  in  '  D.N.B.* 

EDITOR  *  IRISH  BOOK  LOVER.' 
Kensal  Lodge,  N.W. 


170 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       en  s.  n.  AUG.  27,  1010. 


CLARKSON. — George  Clarkson  was  ad- 
mitted to  Westminster  School  12  Sept., 
1768,  and  William  Clarkson  18  May,  1772. 
Information  concerning  their  parentage  and 
career,  and  the  dates  of  their  respective 
deaths,  are  desired.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

CLERKSON. — H.  C.  Clerkson  was  admitted 
to  Westminster  School  26  April,  1808  ;  E.  S. 
Clerkson  19  Jan.,  1809  ;  and  Frederick  Clerk- 
son  27  March,  1811.  I  should  be  glad  to 
obtain  any  information  concerning  them. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

ERSKINE  NEALE,  1804-83.— What  was  the 
name  of  his  mother  ?  The  '  Diet,  of  Nat. 
Biog.z  fails  to  give  information  on  this  point. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

EDWARD  FELLING,  D.  1718. — Who  were 
his  parents  ?  When  and  where  in  Wiltshire 
was  he  born  ?  When  and  whom  did  he 
marry?  There  are  no  answers  to  these 
questions  in  the  *  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  xliv.  274. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 


JUplhs. 

SCOTCH  AND  IRISH  BOOKSELLERS. 
(11  S.  i.  423.) 

WITH  such  available  materials  as  Dickson 
and  Edmond's  '  Annals  of  Scottish  Printing,' 
Mr.  Aldis's  '  Books  printed  in  Scotland 
before  1700,'  Edmond's  '  Aberdeen  Printers, 
Mr.  W.  J.  Couper's  invaluable  *  Edinburgh 
Periodical  Press,1  and  several  others  that 
might  be  mentioned,  W.  C.  B.'s  Scottish 
list  could  easily  be  largely  increased.  The 
names  enumerated  below,  designed  as 
supplementary  to  those  given  by  W.  C.  B., 
have  in  a  few  cases  been  selected  as  indicating 
early  printers  or  booksellers  in  different 
localities,  but  for  the  most  part  they  have 
been  culled  almost  at  random  from  books 
that  came  nearest  to  hand  at  the  moment 
of  writing. 

One  slight  slip  I  may  be  permitted  to  point 
out  in  W.  C.  B.'s  interesting  list.  Under 
Falkirk  he  puts  "  John  Reid,  printer,  1776." 
This,  I  think,  is  wrong.  There  was  a  John 
Reid  in  Falkirk  about  the  time  indicated,  but 
he  happened  to  be  a  minister  of  the  Gospel, 
not  a  printer.  Probably  W.  C.  B.  has  mis- 
read Daniel  for  John.  The  career  of  Daniel 
Reid  as  a  printer  in  Falkirk  extended  from 
about  1760  to  1785.  He.  was  printing  books 
in  1776. 


The  list  that  follows  makes  no  pretence 
to  completeness  ;  in  fact,  it  would  require 
another  list  almost  as  long  to  do  justice  to 
omitted  towns  and  districts  where  books 
were  sold  and  printing  carried  on  during  the 
eighteenth  century.  The  dates  appended 
merely  signify  that  the  name  appears  on 
the  title-page  of  some  book  at  the  time 
specified. 

Aberdeen.     (See  Edmond's  '  Aberdeen  Printers  ' 

for  fuller  list.) 
D.    Melvill,    bookseller,     1622     (contemporary 

with  Baban). 

J.  Chalmers,  printer,  1759. 
Angus  &  Son,  booksellers,  1782. 
J.  Chalmers  &  Co.,  printers,  1789. 
Mrs.  Thomson,  bookseller,  1789 
W.  Knight,  bookseller,  1799. 
Arbroath.    (See  Scottish  Notes  and  Queries,  vol.  iii.) 

[Anon.]    printer,  1799. 
Bathgate  (Linlithgowshire). — Thomas  Mair,  mer- 
chant, 1785  (sold  books  :  kept  a  general  store). 
Broughty  Ferry,  near  Dundee. — Thomas  Bever- 
idge,   general   dealer,    1733    (sold  books   and 
groceries). 
Campbeltown  (Argyllshire).     (See '  Books  printed 

in  Scotland  before  1700.') 
[Anon.]  printer,  1685. 
Carron    (Stirlingshire).  —  Daniel     Reid,   printer, 

1786. 

Cessford    (Roxburghshire).  —  J.    Weir,    general 
dealer,  1742  (provision  merchant:  sold  books). 
Dumfries. — Robert  Rae,  printer,  1718. 

E.  Wilson,  bookseller,  1782. 
Dunbar. — J.  &  G.  Miller,  booksellers,  1789. 

George  Miller,  printer,  1795. 

Dundee.     (See  Scottish  Notes  and  Queries,  vol.  iii.) 
[Anon.]  bookseller,  1683.     (See  '  Books  printed 

in  Scotland  before  1700.') 
T.  Colvill  &  Co.,  printers,  1775. 
Dunfermline.     (See     Mr.     Beveridge's     '  Biblio- 
graphy of  Dunfermline.') 
James  Beugo,  bookseller,  1729. 
Gavin  Beugo,  printer,  1762. 
Edinburgh. —  Chapman  &  Millar,  printers,   1508 

(first  Scottish  printers). 
T.     Bassandyne,     printer,     1576     (printer    of 

"  Bassandyne  "  Bible). 
E.  Raban,  printer,  1620  (went  to  St.  Andrews, 

and  then  to  Aberdeen). 
J.    Watson,    sen.,    printer,    1687    (printed    at 

Holyrood). 

John  Moncur,  printer,  1714. 
Robert  Brown,  printer,  1719. 
John  Macky,  bookseller,  1719. 
J.  Mossman  &  Co.,  printers,  1721. 
John  Paton,  bookseller,  1721. 
R.  Fleming  &  Co.,  printers,  1727. 
James  McEuen,  bookseller,  1727. 
Thomas  Heriot,  printer,  1730. 
Lumisden  &  Robertson,  printers,  1735. 
Alexander  Alison,  printer,  1738. 
W.  Smith,  bookseller,  1747. 
Hamilton  &  Balfour,  printers,  1753. 
Gideon  Crawfurd,  bookseller,  1755. 
Walter  Ruddiman,  jun.  &  Co.,  printers*  1755. 
Hamilton,  Balfour  &  Neill,  printers,  1769. 
William  Duncan,  bookseller,  1765. 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  27, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


171 


Edinburgh  (continued). — David  Paterson,  printer, 
1765. 

Murray  &  Cochran,  printers,  1774. 

John  Gray,  printer,  1775. 

J.  Bell,  bookseller,  1776. 

William  Creech,  bookseller,  1776. 

James  Donaldson,  printer,  1777. 

P.  Anderson,  bookseller,  1782. 

J.  Balfour,  bookseller,  1782. 

J.  Dickson,  bookseller,  1782. 

W.  Gordon,  bookseller,  1782. 

W.  Gray,  bookseller,  1782. 

J.  Robertson,  printer,  1782. 

J.  &  E.  Balfour,  booksellers,  1783. 

Archibald  Constable,  bookseller,  1798. 

J.  Guthrie,  bookseller,  1798. 

J.  Ogle,  bookseller,  1798. 

Elgin.     (See  bibliography  appended  to   '  County 
History  of  Inverness.') 

[Anon.J  bookseller,  1798. 
Falkirk.— Daniel  Eeid,  printer,  1766. 

J.  Buchanan,  bookseller,  1783.  • 

Patrick  Mair,  bookseller  and  printer,  1785. 

T.  Johnston,  printer,  1799. 

Glasgow.     (See  '  Literary  History  of  Glasgow  '  in 
'Maitland  Club  Publications.') 

J.  Sanders,  bookseller,  1625. 

William  Duncan,  printer,  1742, 

J.  Newlands,  bookseller,  1747. 

Daniel  Baxter,  bookseller,  1749. 

John  Hall,  printer,  1749. 

Alexander  Adam,  printer,  1773. 

J.  Bryce,  bookseller,  1780. 

J.  Duncan,  printer,  1782. 

Dunlop  &  Wilson,  booksellers,  1782. 

D.  Niven,  printer,  1790. 

Ebenezer  Miller,  printer,  1793. 

W.  Miller,  bookseller,  1793. 

James  Smith,  bookseller,  1793. 

Gillies  &  Dymock,  booksellers,  1796. 

M'Lean  &  Co.,  booksellers,  1797. 

James  Imray,  bookseller,  1799. 

M.  Ogle,  bookseller,  1799. 

Haddington.— Baillie  Cadel,  bookseller,  1747. 
Hawick. —  George  Caw,  printer,  1784. 
Inverness.     (See  bibliography  in  '  County  History 
of  Inverness.') 

[Anon.]  bookseller,  1761. 

[Anon.]  bookseller,  1780. 

Jedburgh.— C.  Inglis,  general  dealer,  1742   (pur- 
veyor of  food  and  literature). 

T.  Caverhill,  bookseller,  1747. 
Kelso.— Palmer,  printer,  1782. 

James  Ballantyne,  printer,  1796. 
Kilmarnock.— J.  Paton,  bookseller,  1747. 

Peter  M'Arthur,  printer,  1781. 

.J.  Wilson,  printer,  1786. 
Kirkcaldy.— A.  Webster,  bookseller,  1747. 
Leith.— W.  Coke,  bookseller,  1779. 
Linlithgow. — G.  Paton,  bookseller,  1747. 
Linton    (Roxburghshire ).— W.   Johnston,   general 

dealer,  1742  (supplied  books  and  groceries). 
Maybole     (Ayrshire).     (See    '  Books    printed    in 
Scotland  before  1700.') 

[Anon.]  printer,  1694. 

Montrose.      (See     Scottish    Notes     and    Queries, 
vol.  iii.) 

David  Buchanan,  printer,  1776. 
Paisley.— George  Caldwell,  bookseller,  1781; 

John  Neilson,  printer,  179k 


Perth.     (See  '  Books  printed  in  Scotland  before 
1700.') 

W.  Lauder,  bookbinder,  1591. 

Alexander  Mitchel,  bookseller,  1733. 

A.  Norry,  bookseller,  1747. 

Andrew  Sharp,  bookseller,  1781. 

J.  Taylor,  printer,  1781. 

James  Morrison,  printer,  1794. 

G.  Brown,  bookseller,  1799. 
St.  Andrews.     (See  '  Annals  of  Scottish  Printing.') 

John  Scot,  printer,  1552. 

E.  Baban,  printer,1620  (then  went  to  Aberdeen). 

P.  Bower,  bookseller,  1789. 

James  Morrison,  printer,  1795. 
Stirling. —  Robert  Lekprevik,  printer,  1571. 

J.  Jaffery,  bookseller,  1747. 

William  Anderson,  bookseller,  1777. 

William  Paterson,  bookseller,  1780. 

W.  Christie,  bookseller,  1787. 

Charles  Randall,  printer,  1795. 

W.  S.  S. 

Mr.  E.  B.  McC.  Dix  has  kindly  sent  me 
his  '  List  of  Books,  Pamphlets,  and  News- 
papers printed  in  Monaghan,  in  the  Eigh- 
teenth Century,'  Dundalk,  1906  (being 
No.  IV.  of  "  Irish  Bibliographical  Pam- 
phlets "),  which  gives  these  names  : — 

William  Wilson,  1770. 

John  Brown,  1787-96. 

James  Walker,  1795. 

Stephen  Goggin,  1798-1800. 

Robinson  &  Duffy,  1800. 

W.  G.  B. 


CHABLES  II.  AND  HIS  FUBBS  YACHT  (US. 
ii.  107). — In  a  collection  of  '  Sketches ' 
which  I  have  written,  and  which  is  in  the 
press  and  will  shortly  be  published  under  t  he 
title  of  'The  Rose  Goddess,  &C.,1  I  have 
given  some  facts  about  the  Fubbs  yacht,  and 
also  an  original  letter  of  Charles  II.  to  the 
Duchess  of  Portsmouth  in  which  he  addresses 
her  as  "  Fubs.'1  CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 

Swallowfield  Park,  Reading. 

ANGLO-SPANISH  AUTHOR  (11  S.  i.  349  ; 
ii.  119). — MB.  W.  SCOTT'S  theory  seems 
highly  probable,  and  I  think  that  I  can  help 
to  identify  Mendizabal's  secretary  whom 
Borrow  saw  in  February,  1836. 

At  that  date,  and  for  many  years  before 
and  after,  Mendizabal's  private  secretary 
was  my  late  mother's  father,  Frederick 
Bolland  Moore  (born  1799,  died  1875), 
youngest  son  of  John  Moore  of  Buntingford, 
Herts.  The  fact  that  Borrow  uses  the  ex- 
pression "  his  secretary "  suggests  that  it 
was  not  a  Secretary  to  the  Cortes  (who 
would,  perhaps,  have  been  called  by  Borrow 
a  Secretary  of  State)  whom  he  saw  in  the 
Spanish  minister's  room,  but  a  secretary 
attached  to  Mendizabal's  person,  and  I 
am  inclined  to  think  that  by  the  expressions 


172 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  27,  mo. 


"private  secretary"  and  "his  secretary" 
('The  Bible  in  Spain,*  5th  ed.,  1894,  p.  84) 
Borrow  intended  to  designate  the  same 
person. 

My  grandfather  was  in  constant  attendance 
upon  Mendizabal  during  the  greater  part 
of  his  public  life — in  Spain,  in  France,  and  in 
England — and  it  seems  the  most  reasonable 
thing  in  the  world  that  he  should  have  been 
present  at  Borrow's  interview  with  the 
Spanish  Prime  Minister.  At  least,  it  is  cer- 
tain that  Mr.  F.  B.  Moore  was  the  person 
who  in  1836  would  best  have  answered  the 
description  of  Mendizabal's  secretary. 

An  apparent  difficulty  is  that  my  grand- 
father was  not  an  author,  though  he  might 
well  have  been  described  as  "  a  fine,  intel- 
lectual-looking man."  Apart,  however,  from 
the  considerations  urged  by  MB.  SCOTT,  it 
seems  possible  that  Borrow's  subsequent 
informant  may  have  confused  my  grand- 
father with  his  elder  brother  John,  who  was, 
from  time  to  time,  employed  by  the  English 
Government  in  missions  both  to  Spain  and 
Russia,  and  who,  as  the  author  of  a  book  of 
travel  called  '  A  Journey  to  Odessa,*  may 
have  enjoyed  some  slight  literary  fame, 
though  whether  he  wrote  anything  in 
Spanish  I  do  not  know. 

Ought  we,  however,  to  look  for  much 
from  Borrow  in  the  way  of  verification  of 
references  ?  He  saw,  at  his  memorable 
interview  with  the  famous  minister,  "  a 
fine  intellectual-looking  man,"  evidently 
the  minister's  secretary.  The  occasion  was 
a  great  one  for  Borrow  ;  he  improved  it,  as 
an  artist,  such  as  he,  would.  His  word- 
picture  of  Mendizabal  is  perfect,  and  exactly 
agrees  with  a  lithograph  of  the  minister 
by  M.  Gauci  after  a  drawing  by  J.  Notz, 
which  is  before  me  as  I  write.  The  secretary, 
too,  impressed  Borrow.  Perhaps  he  recog- 
nized him  as  an  Englishman,  though  he 
does  not  say  so.  Afterwards  he  talks  of 
his  adventure  with  the  Prime  Minister  to 
people  whom  he  met,  some  or  one  of  whom 
"subsequently  informed"  him  that  the 
secretary  was  a  distinguished  literary  man, 
and  so  forth. 

With  such  materials,  did  not  Borrow  write 
about  Mendizabal's  secretary  just  what 
might  have  been  expected  of  his  highly 
developed  artistic  temperament  ? 

F.    SYDNEY    EDEN. 
Maycroft,  Fyfield  Road,  Walthamstow. 

RICHARD  GEM  (11  S.  ii.  121). — I  beg 
for  a  little  space  in  your  columns  to  express 
my  thanks  for  the  article  on  my  ancestor 
Dr.  Gem,  physician  to  the  Embassy  at  Paris 


in  the  time  of  the  Revolution.  It  contains 
many  interesting  particulars  that  are  new  to 
me,  though  I  am  acquainted  with  the  infor- 
mation given  in  the  '  Life  of  Huskisson  l  and 
in  the  '  Journal  *  of  Mrs.  Dalrymple  Elliott. 
I  should  be  glad  to  be  allowed  to  inform 
MR.  COURTNEY  that  Richard  Gem,  the 
doctor,  was  not,  as  he  supposes,  the  son 
of  the  Mr.  Gem  who  settled  in  Birmingham  ; 
the  latter  is  the  one  referred  to  by  Nash  as 
Lord  of  the  Manor  of  Dodford.  In  con- 
nexion with  this  it  has  always  struck  me 
as  absurd  that  Thomas  Gem  is  described  in 
Nash  as  having  an  estate  of  160Z.  a  year  at 
Dodford,  as  he  owned  five  other  properties 
in  the  county. 

Dr.  Richard  Gem  had  inherited  from  his 
father  a  small  estate,  separate  from  these, 
called  Fockbury.  S.  HARVEY  GEM. 

Goodrich  House,  Ross-on-Wye. 

JOHN  RYLANDS  LIBRARY  :  DANTE  CODEX 
(11  S.  ii.  46). — If  MINIME  had  turned  to 
10  S.  iii.  483  and  10  S.  xii.  449  he  would 
have  seen  that  I  had  quoted  from  this 
Dante  codex  or  Landi  MS.  at  the  first 
reference,  and  included  a  notice  of  it  at  the 
second  under  the  heading  '  Dante  MSS.* 
The  possession  of  it  by  the  John  Rylands 
Library  had  therefore  already  been  recorded 
in  '  N.  &  Q.s 

The  allusion  to  Dr.  Cossio's  excellent 
aperpu  of  it  in  the  June  Antiquary  is  more 
to  the  point,  and  I  take  this  opportunity, 
since  MINIME  chronicles  the  Doctor's  sug- 
gested title  ("  Codex  Mancuniensis  "•)  for 
the  MS.,  of  stating  that  in  the  July  issue  of 
the  same  journal  I  ventured  to  controvert 
its  suitability,  on  the  ground  that  the  MS. 
has  nothing  Mancestrian  about  it  save  its 
present  "  local  habitation."  It  was  neither 
transcribed  nor  discovered  here.  "  Codex 
Landianus  "  would  be  preferable,  but  in- 
volves confusion  with  the  celebrated.  Codice 
Landiano  in  the  Biblioteca  at  Piacenza. 
"  Codex  Pratonensis "  would  indicate  its 
birthplace. 

I  might,  on  second  thoughts,  have  qualified 
the  statement  as  to  the  birthplace  by  sub- 
stituting the  description  "  presumptive  birth- 
place," seeing  that  the  copyist  evidently 
resided  at  Volterra  in  1426,  although  the 
transcription  of  the  '  D.  C.1  was,  according 
to  the  subjoined  note,  appended  to  the 
'  Paradiso,*  completed  ten  years  earlier  : — 

"  Scripta  fuit  p'me  bartholomeum  landi  de  landis 
de  prato  notarium,  et  completa  fuit  die  xxviiij  Junii 
MCCCCXVI." 

As,  then,  the  Codex  originated  either  at 
Prato  or  Volterra,  I  offer  as  an  alternative 


n  s.  ii.  AUG.  27,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


173 


to  "  Codex  Pratonensis  "  the  title  "  Codex 

Volterranensis."     Either,    in    any    case,    is 

i  preferable  to   Dr.   Cossio's   for   the  reasons 

given  above. 

Another  point.     I  do  not  quite  grasp  the 

Doctor's     inference     that     "  from     another 

;  passage  of   the  manuscript   we   know  that 

;  ten  years  later  [from  the  completion  of  the 

MS.]  the  notary  was  still  engaged  on  the 

Codex,'1  for  the  passage  refers  rather  to  an 

i  Italian  version  of  Cicero's   '  De  Senectute  * 

than  to   the   transcription  of  the    '  D.    C.,1 

i  unless  the  Doctor  understands  by  "  Codex  " 

i  the  entire  MS.  volume.     If  so,  the  word  is 

;  misleading   as   applied   to   both,    for   Landi 

distinctly   states   that   his   Dante   MS.   was 

finished  in  1416,  whereas  the  translation  was 

apparently  completed  in  1626.     The  passage 

i  runs  thus : — 

"Queste  cose  q  avute  che  dire  della  Vecchiegca 
alia  quale  voglia  iddio  che  voi  pervegnate  accio  che 
quelle  cose  che  damme  avete  udite  per  experienga 
provare  possiate.  Ammen." 

The  *'  voi  n  is  probably  addressed  either  to 
the  reader  or  a  friend,  and  the  double  m  in 
damme  and  Ammen  was  a  vicious  duplica- 
tion not  infrequent  in  Italian  MSS.  of  that 
period.  J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on.-M.,  Manchester. 

OZIAS  HUMPHRY'S  PAPERS  (11  S.  ii.  48). — 
Almost  all  these  papers,  with  deeds  relating 
to  the  family,  were  in  the  possession  of 
William  Upcott  at  the  time  of  his  death 
(1846).  When  offered  for  sale,  the  original 
correspondence  in  8  folio  volumes  was 
purchased  by  a  Mr.  White  for  20Z.,  and  he 
also  secured  the  parcel  of  deeds  and  family 
papers  and  the  MS.  biography  of  Ozias 
Humphry.  The  memorandum  books  that 
M.  F.  H.  has  seen  were  bought  by  Rodd  for 
Dawson  Turner,  and  at  his  sale  in  1859  they 
were  secured  by  Boone  for  the  British 
Museum. 

[  have  reason  to  believe  that  the  volumes 
>f  original  correspondence  were  broken  up, 
^s  many  of  the  letters  that  formed  part  of 
them  have  come  to  my  notice.  The  three 
volumes  of  Upcott  Papers  gathered  by  the 
|late  F.  Hendriks,  F.S.A.,  contain  a  large 
number.  C.  Britiffe  Smith's  volume  of 

>cottiana  also  has  several  of  considerable 
interest..  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

ABBE  SB....   (11  S.  ii.  47).— One  might 

naps  reasonably  conjecture  the  name  to 

that   of   the   Abbe   Sieyes   (1748-1836), 

tesman,  author,  and  scholar,  who  was  a 

nspicuous  figure  in  French  Revolutionary 

'tory  in  the  end  of  the  eighteenth  century 


and  the  beginning  of  the  nineteenth.  In 
Carlyle's  '  French  Revolution  *  he  is  repre- 
sented as  playing  a  prominent  part  as  a 
"  constitution-builder/*  while  in  Brougham's 
*  Statesmen  of  the  Time  of  George  III.,1 
Third  Series,  his  portrait  is  sketched  in  not 
altogether  sympathetic  colours.  His  achieve- 
ments as  a  book-collector,  which  are  under- 
stood to  have  been  considerable,  have  been 
completely  overshadowed  by  his  public 
services.  W.  SCOTT. 

M.P.'s  UNIDENTIFIED  (10  S.  xii.  69,  314).— 
The  only  details  relating  to  Nathaniel 
Rogers,  M.P.  for  Hull  1717-27,  given  in 
'  The  History  of  Kingston-upon-Hull,*  by 
J.  J.  Sheahan  (published  1864),  are  (p.  245)  : 

"1716.  William  Maister  died,  and  Nathaniel 
Rogers  was  chosen  in  his  place. 

"1722.  Sir  William  St.  Quintin  and  Nathaniel 
Rogers.  In  1723,  June  30th,  St.  Quintin  died,  and 
was  succeeded  in  Jan.  1724,  by  George  Crowle. 

"  1727.  Lord  Mickelthwaite  and  George  Crowle.' 
RONAJLD  DIXON. 

46,  Marlborough  Avenue,  Hull. 

"  STORM  IN  A  TEACUP  "  (11  S.  ii.  86,  131). 
—  What  Erasmus  says  concerning  the 
passage  in  Cicero  *  De  Legibus,1  iii.  16  (36), 
referred  to  by  ASTARTE  (ante,  p.  131),  viz., 
"  Excitabat  enim  fluctus  in  simpulo,  ut 
dicitur,  Gratidius,  quos  post  films  ejus 
Marius  in  ^Egaeo  excitavit  mari,"  is  worth 
noting.  After  a  dissertation  mainly  on  the 
word  "  simpulum,"  Erasmus  writes  : — 

"Proinde  non  absurdum  mihi  videtur,  si  quis 
existimet  sumptam  allegoriam  &  jpuerorum  lusu,  quo 
solent  per  fistulam  angustam  in  simpulum  inflantes, 
quasi  fluctus  quosdam  et  aquae  strepitum  excitare." 

— 'Adagia .Erasmi  '  et  al.,  under  '  Occulta,'  s.v. 

'In  simpulo,'  col.  1395  of  the  edition  of  1599,  or 
p.  548  of  the  edition  of  1670. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

I  am  inclined  to  believe  that  compilers 
of  dictionaries  have  had  a  good  deal  to  do 
with  the  development  of  the  phrase  "  storm 
in  a  teacup.1*  There  are  no  doubt  numer- 
ous variants,  some  of  them  very  early,  as 

storm  in  a  cream  bowl,"  "storm  in  a 
boiling  pot,u  "  storm  in  a  cup,11  "  storm  in  a 
puddle n  ;  but  that  any  instance  can  be 
cited  of  "  storm  in  a  teacup "  occurring 
earlier  than  the  last  century  I  am  inclined 
strongly  to  doubt.  As  has  been  already 
pointed  out,  the  phrase  is  now  commonly 
used  as  a  translation  of  the  proverb  quoted 
by  Cicero  *  De  Legibus,1  "  fluctus  in  simpulo, 
ut  dicitur,  excitare 3*  (meaning  literally 
"  to  stir  up  waves  in  a  ladle,  as  the  saying 
is ").  It  sometimes  appears  in  the  form 


174 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  n.  AUG.  27, 1910. 


""  storm  in  a  teapot,"  as  in  Hoyt  and  Ward's 
'  Practical  Quotations,'  1883.  In  an  edition 
of  Ainsworth's  '  Latin  Dictionary,'  1812, 
Cicero's  proverb  is  quoted,  but  without  an 
English  rendering.  An  edition  of  1802 
does  not  contain  the  Latin  proverb.  Dr. 
E.  A.  Andrews  of  America,  who  completed 
his  Latin  lexicon  based  on  that  of  Freund 
about  1854,  included  the  proverb,  and 
rendered  it  in  English  as  "  a  tempest  in  a 
teapot."  It  appears,  with  the  same  inter- 
pretation, in  a  Latin  dictionary  issued  by 
Ohambers  about  1866,  and  again  in  Dr. 
Smith's  '  English-Latin  Dictionary,'  pub- 
lished in  1870.  There  are,  of  course,  several 
variants,  such  as  "  tempest  in  a  teacup," 
•"tempest  in  a  slop-basin,"  "tempest  in  a 
puddle,"  and  "  tempest  in  a  spoon."  The 
French  have  the  saying  "  une  tempete  dans 
un  verre  d'eau."  My  suggestion  is  that 
""  tempest  in  a  teapot  "  is  transatlantic  in 
origin,  and  is  the  source  out  of  which  "  storm 
in  a  teacup "  and  "  storm  in  a  teapot  " 
liave  arisen.  W.  SCOTT. 

BEN  JONSON  (11  S.  ii.  67,  132).— Would 
Hot  "  unbored,"  in  M.  E.'s  first  quotation, 
be  an  allusion  to  that  period  of  adolescence 
in  "  females  "  which  rendered  them  as  yet 
unable  to  appreciate  verse  ?  In  our  own 
time  the  ears  of  girls  were  not  usually  bored 
for  earrings  until  about  the  age  of  fifteen, 
•except,  I  believe,  in  cases  where  the  boring 
was  supposed  to  affect  the  eyesight  bene- 
ficially. 

2.  In    Bailey's     'Dictionary,*     1740,    the 
word  "  sliding,"  as  applied  to  courage,  means 
easily  daunted. 

3.  The  Rev.  T.  L.  O.  Davies  in  his  '  Supple- 
mentary Glossary  '  gives  "  strummel  "  as  a 
cant  term  for  straw,  while  in  East  Anglia 
"  strumel  "  is  a  cant  term  for  a  loose,  long 
head  of  hair.     "  Strummel -patch'd  "  would 
therefore   appear   to   be  touzle-headed,   re- 
sembling tossed  hay  or  straw. 

J.  HOLDEN  MACMICHAEL. 

1.  "Most  unbored  ears  for  verse  "=ears 
unpierced,  impervious  to  the  charm  of  verse. 

2.  "A  sliding  reprehension  at  my  hands  *' 
=a  passing  reproof  :  perhaps  a  cuff  with  the 
open  hand  administered  in  passing,   which 
does  not  hurt  much. 

3.  "  Strummel -patch'd." — There  is  an  old 
cant  word  "  strummel,"  meaning  "  straw." 
The  phrase  will  therefore  signify  "  patched 
with    straw,"    thereby    increasing    the    dis- 
comfort    of    the     "goggled-eyed    grumble- 
dories."    What  are  "  grumbledories  "  ?    Are 


they  fish  which  are  said  to  emit  a  grunting 
or  grumbling  sound  when  drawn  out  of  the 
water  ?  W.  S.  S. 

In  the  extract  given  by  MB.  BAYLEY  in 
his  reply  "  strummel "  remains  detached 
and  unexplained.  Gifford  and  his  supple- 
mentary editor,  Col.  Cunningham,  give  the 
passage  in  the  form  ' '  strummel-patched, 
goggle-eyed  grumbledories,"  but  subjoin 
no  commentary.  In  his  '  Archaic  Dic- 
tionary l  Halliwell  states  that  in  Norfolk 
"strumel"  (sic)  signifies  "a  loose,  long, 
and  dishevelled  head  of  hair."  If  "  patched'2 
also,  as  MB.  BAYLEY  says,  means  ' '  long, 
dishevelled -haired,"  then  it  seems  plausible 
to  conclude  that  the  two  words  are  designed 
to  complete  a  twofold  epithet,  the  one  doing 
duty  in  giving  emphasis  to  the  other. 
"  Patched,"  one  would  be  disposed  to  con- 
clude, is  the  intensifying  member  of  the 
combination.  On  the  whole,  it  appears 
easier  to  attach  a  reasonable  meaning  to 
"  strummel  -  patched  "  than  to  interpret 
separately  each  constituent  part  of  that 
probable  compound. 

With  regard  to  "  grumbledories,"  it  may 
not  be  out  of  place  to  note  that  HalliwelPs 
definition  of  "  dory  "is  "a  drone  bee." 
With  this  to  go  upon,  there  should  be  little 
difficulty  in  reaching  a  conclusion  regarding 
the  special  significance  of  "grumbledories." 
THOMAS  BAYNE. 

ST.  S  WITHIN' s  TBIBUTE  AT  OLD  WESTON, 
HUNTS  (11  S.  ii.  126). — The  name  of  the 
place  mentioned  in  The  Daily  Telegraph 
as  "Old  Neston"  is  Old  Weston.  I  think 
Glenfield-cum-Branstone,  Leicestershire,  has 
no  connexion  with  St.  Swithin  ;  but  the 
custom  of  strewing  a  church  with  rushes, 
hay,  and  the  like  is  known  in  many  pi 
which  are  in  the  same  condition. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

The  Outlook  for  the  13th  inst.  has  a  v< 
interesting  article  on  *  Rushbearing  at 
Grasmere,'  which  shows  that  the  ancient 
custom  described  is  still  kept  up  in  severa 
places  besides  villages  near  Grasmere. 

T.  S.  MASKELYNE. 

Bridges,   the  historian   of  Northampton-' 
shire,  states  s.v.  West  Haddon  : — 

"It  is  the  custom  here  to  strew  the  pews  wit 
straw  from  Christmas  to  Candlemas." 

See  also  8  S.  viii.  206,  298  ;   xii.  36,  274. 
JOHN  T.  PAGI 

[Further  contributions  on  the  general  question 
strewing  rushes,  &c.,  in  churches  are  not  invited.] 


•I 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  27,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


175 


SNAILS    AS    FOOD    (11    S.    ii.    125).— ST. 

;SwiTHiN  seems   to   have   been   unfortunate 

in  his  experience  of  snails.     Let  me  recom- 

i  mend  him  to  try  one  of  the  snail  and  oyster 

restaurants    in    the    neighbourhood    of    the 

Gare   de   Lyon   in   Paris.     I   have   enjoyed 

,  them  there,  as  also  in  Rouen  and  at  Chartres. 

I  should  not  so  much  care  for  them  in  a 

menu.     They  are  best  as  a  snack. 

J.  T.  F. 
Winterton,  Doncaster. 

It  may  interest  ST.  SWITHIN  to  know  that 

I  snails  are  regularly  hunted  for  in  Wiltshire, 

i  and   sold   in    Swindon   Market,    being   con- 

!  sidered    nourishing,    especially    in    cases    of 

consumption  or  after  illness. 

The  sort  found  most  often  is  the  common 
i  garden  snail,  Helix  aspersa.     Helix  pomatia, 
1  which    is    known    as    the    "  Roman    snail," 
;  and  is  the  sort  eaten  on  the  Continent,  is 
not  found  near  here.      T.  S.  MASKELYNE. 
Basset  Down  House,  Swindon. 

An  old  woman  who  lived  in  the  village 

"where  I  was  born  over  sixty  years  ago  used 

to  make  up  "  simples  "  for  various  sorts  of 

ailments.     One  was  a  "  snail  broth,"-  which 

was  said  to  be  good  for  children  and  young 

persons    who    were    "  in    decline,"'    as    con- 

i  sumption    was    then    called,    and    also    for 

[children  with    "tickle  tummies" — children 

j who    "turned"    at    ordinary    food.     How 

she  made  the  snail  broth  was  her  secret, 

but  it  was  not  all  snail,  for  with  salt  and 

I  spices  it  was  palatable.     As  a  rule,  anything 

I  which  this   woman   made — "  Old   Nanny  " 

she    was    called — was    taken    readily    and 

"  without   faces."     She   gathered   snails   at 

night,    and   herbs — for    she   was    "a   yarb- 

wmnan" — in   the   morning.     It  was   usual, 

when  a  person  "  felt  tickle,"-  to  say,  "  Oh, 

get  some  sneel  broth." 

Snails  used  to  have  several  virtues,  and 
it  was  a  sure  cure  to  rub  a  wart  with  a  little 
white  snail,  if  afterwards  you  threw  the 
snail  over  the  left  shoulder,  and  forbore  to 
look  where  it  went  to.  THOS.  RATOLIFFE. 
v\  orksop. 

FRANCIS  PECK  (11  S.  ii.  68,  136).— 
There  were  at  least  four  men  of  this  name, 
all  in  holy  orders. 

1.  Francis  Peck  the  antiquary  (1692-1743). 
He  was  curate  of  King's  Cliff  in  Northamp- 
tonshire in  August,  1719,  and  afterwards 
Kector  of  Goadby  Marwood  in  Leicester - 
i  shire  and  Prebendary  of  Lincoln  Cathedral. 

e  was  probably  one  of  the  Pecks  of  Wake- 
and  Knossington,  as  his  portrait 
opposite  p.  192  of  vol.  ii.  of  Nicholses  '  His- 
of  Leicestershire1  shows  the  arms  of 


that  family.  His  name  does  not  appear 
on  their  pedigree  at  p.  879  of  the  same 
volume  ;  but  he  may  have  been  a  younger 
son  of  Robert  Peck  (who  died  1695)  and 
Elizabeth  (?  Jephson)  his  wife,  who  are 
mentioned  therein.  Elizabeth's  surname  is 
left  blank  by  Nichols. 

2.  Francis    Peck    (1720-49),    son    of    the 
antiquary   by   Anne,    daughter   of   Edward 
Curtis    of    Stamford.     He    was    Rector    of 
Gunby,  Lincolnshire. 

3.  Francis  Peck,  Rector  of  Saltwood  with 
the  chapel  of  Hythe  annexed,  to  which  he 
was  inducted  June,  1674.     He  died  in  1706, 
and  probably  was  the  father  of  the  West- 
minster   scholar    of   Trinity    mentioned   by 
G.  F.  R.  B. 

4.  Francis   Peck,    A.B.,    Rector   of   Orle- 
stone,    Kent,    15   February,    1710,   resigned 
1715.     It  is  just  possible  that  he  may  have 
been  the  Old  Westminster  above  referred  to 
who  graduated  A.B.    in    1709.      The  dates 
show  that  hejtnay  also  have  been  the  author 
of  *  To  vi/'os  ayiov  l  and  the  memorial  verses 
on  Queen  Anne  mentioned  by  MB.  SCOTT  ; 
but  both  of  these  works  are  generally  attri- 
buted to  the  antiquary. 

I  should  be  glad  of  further  information 
as  to  the  pedigree  of  any  of  the  above. 

W.  A.  PECK. 
Lincoln's  Inn. 

ABMS  or  WOMEN  (US.  ii.  109).— Boutell 
teaches  that  the  second  wife's  arms  should 
"  occupy  the  lower  part  of  the  space  origin- 
ally occupied  by  those  of  the  former  wife, 
or  that  part  of  the  shield  which  in  a  quartered 
shield  would  be  termed  the  fourth  quarter  " 
('  Heraldry,  Ancient  and  Modern,*  p.  224). 

The  arms  of  the  departed  wife  should  be 
relegated  to  the  second  quarter.  If  the 
new-comer  be  an  heiress,  her  contribution 
to  the  husband's  bearings  must,  I  think, 
be  blazoned  on  a  shield  of  pretence  at 
fesse  point.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

The  husband*  impales  the  arms  of  his  wife 
during  her  lifetime,  i.e.,  if  she  is  not  an 
heiress.  If,  however,  she  is  an  heiress,  and 
sole  representative  of  her  father's  family, 
then  her  husband  bears  her  arms  over  his 
own  on  an  escutcheon  of  pretence.  Her 
son  would  not,  however,  bear  his  father's 
shield,  with  his  mother's  impaled  arms,  but 
would  have  only  his  father's  arms,  i.e.,  if 
his  mother  was  not  an  heiress  ;  but  if  she 
was  an  heiress,  then  he  would  quarter  his 
mother's  arms  in  the  usual  way.  It  will  be 
seen  that  quarterings  may  be  multiplied  in 
cases  of  the  wives  when  they  are  heiresses. 

VEBUS. 


176 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  27, 1910. 


The  following  passage  from  Clark's  '  In- 
troduction to  Heraldry  ?  seems  to  answer 
the  question  proposed.  Quoting  Gerard 
Leigh  on  the  bearing  of  several  coat -armours 
pale-wise  in  one  escutcheon,  it  says  :  "If 
a  man  marry  two  wives,  the  first  shall  be 
placed  on  the  sinister  side  of  the  chief  part, 
and  the  second's  coat  on  the  base  impaled 
with  the  husband."  Information  is  also 
given  as  to  men  who  marry  three,  four,  five, 
six,  or  seven  wives.  See  '  Introduction  to 
Heraldry,'-  pp.  57-8.  W.  S.  S. 

SIR  JOHN  ALLEYN  (11  S.  ii.  88). — The 
ex -Lord  Mayor  of  this  name  died  in  August 
or  early  in  September,  1545.  His  successor 
as  Alderman  of  Lime  Street  Ward  was 
elected  on  10  September  of  that  year 
(Guildhall  Records  Repertory,  11,  fo.  199  ; 
Letter-Book  Q,  fo.  144  b).  I  have  hitherto 
understood  that  he  was  the  testator 
whose  will,  dated  3  August,  1545,  and 
proved  15  January,  1545/6  (P.C.C.  1  Men), 
is  stated  by  MB.  WAINEWBIGHT  to  have 
been  made  by  a  brother  of  the  same 
name.  No  other  will  which  can  be  assigned 
to  the  ex-Lord  Mayor  is  to  be  found  in  P.C.C. 
records,  and  the  dates  I  have  quoted  cer- 
tainly suggest  the  identification  of  the 
civic  magnate  with  the  testator.  If,  as 
MB.  WAINEWBIGHT  states,  he  had  a  brother 
also  named  John,  the  fact  of  his  will  being 
made  and  proved  at  those  dates  is  a  singular 
coincidence.  I  should  like  to  know  the 
authority  for  the  existence  of  this  brother. 
It  should  be  noted  that  the  testator  of  the 
will  referred  to  is  described  as  a  knight,  and 
I  can  find  no  trace  of  a  second  Sir  John  Aleyn 
contemporary  with  the  Lord  Mayor. 

ALFBED  B.  BEAVEN. 

Leamington. 

EABLY  PBINTING  IN  EUBOPE  AND  ELSE- 
WHEBE  (11  S.  ii.  126). — 'A  Chronological 
Index  of  the  Towns  and  Countries  in  which 
the  Art  of  Printing  is  known  to  have  been 
Exercised,1  1457-1829,  will  be  found  in 
Timperley's  'Dictionary  of  Printers  and 
Printing,1  1839,  pp.  963-6.  See  also  Power's 
'  Handy  Book  about  Books,'  Appendix, 
1870.  WM.  H.  PEET. 

MlLITABY      MUSTEBS  :        PABISH      ABMOTJB 

(10  S.  xii.  422;  11  S.  ii.  130).— In  our 
Parish  Magazine  for  the  current  month  it 
is  stated  that 

"  in  the  time  of  Edward  VI.  we  are  told  that  every 
parish  church  in  the  Isle  of  Wight  possessed  its 
gun.  They  were  made  of  brass,  and  cast  by 
*  Richard  and  John  Owoine  Bretheren.'  The  guns 
of  Calbourne  and  Shalfleet  churches  were  sold 


about  1808,  the  sale  of  that  of  Calbourue  being 
noted  in  the  parish  register  of  that  year.  Caris- 
brooke  Church  gun  was  in  1850  sold  for  30£.  to  raise 
funds  to  build  a  wall  round  additional  burying- 
ground.  Brading  gun,  the  only  one  of  these  church 
guns  now  remaining  on  the  island,  lies  at  Numveil 
on  the  lawn  there.  It  has  the  name  of  the  Owoines 
on  it,  and  the  date  1549.  In  1683  twenty  church 
guns  mustered  at  Carisbrooke  Castle." 

R.  J.  FYNMOBE. 
Sandgate. 

RED  LION  SQUABE  OBELISK  (11  S.  ii.  109, 
156). — Mr.  Wheatley  in  his  '  London  Past 
and  Present  '  (vol.  iii.  pp.  155-6)  quotes 
from  Ralph's  '  Critical  Observations,'  4to> 
1771,  p.  13,  the  paragraph  given  in  MB. 
ALECK  ABBAHAM'S  query  from  the  John 
Wallis  reissue  of  1783,  and  further  informs 
us  that — 

"The  watch-houses  and  obelisk  have  long  since 
been  removed,  and  the  enclosure  was  turned  into  a 
public  garden  in  1885  at  a  cost  of  327/.,'  under  the 
superintendence  of  the  Metropolitan  Public  Garden* 
Association." 

I  may  add  that  Red  Lion  Square  garden 
was  acquired  by  the  London  County  Council 
in  1894,  and  is  now  maintained  by  the 
Council.  It  has  an  area  of  half  an  acre. 

G.  YABBOW  BALDOCK. 

EDWABD  BULL,  PUBLISHES  (11  S.  ii.  87). — 
He  published  in  1830  "The  Christian 
Physiologist :  Tales  illustrative  of  the  Five 
Senses,*  edited  (really  written)  by  the  author 
of  '  The  Collegians,'  i.e.,  Gerald  Griffin. 

EDITOB  '  IBISH  BOOK  LOVEB.' 

Kensal  Lodge,  N.W. 

The  details  furnished  by  MB.  CLEMENT 
SHOBTEB  respecting  Edward  Bull  perhaps 
admit  of  a  few  small  additions.  In  a  London 
Guide-Book  for  1854  Bull's  circulating 
library  in  Hollis  Street  is  recommended  as 
one  of  the  best  of  its  kind  in  London.  The 
date  indicates  that  Bull's  business  was 
carried  on  in  his  name  after  his  decease. 
Between  1827  and  the  year  of  his  death  he 
published  somewhere  about  sixty  different 
works,  more  than  half  of  which  were  three - 
volume  novels,  most  of  them  quite  "un- 
known to  Lowndes.n  The  following  selection 
from  his  better -known  publications  may  give 
some  idea  of  the  sort  of  book  he  produced  : — 

1829.  T.   K.   Hervey's  Poetical  Sketch-Book,  Aus- 

tralia, &c.,  post  8vo,  8s.  6d. 

1830.  Caunter's  Island  Bride,  a  Poem,  post  8vo, 

10*.  6d. 

1831.  Assassins  of  the  Paradise,  a  Poem  [by  B. 

Pote],  8vo,  7s.  6d. 
1831.  Chartley  the  Fatalist,  a  Novel  [by  DaltonJ 

3  vols.,  post  8vo,  11.  8s.  6d. 
1833.  Mrs.    Sheridan's    Aims  and  Ends,  a  Novel 

3  vols.,  post  8vo,  II.  lls.  Gd. 


ii  s.  H.  A™.  27,  IMG.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


177 


1834.  Frolics  of  Puck,  a  Novel  [by  George  Soane], 
3  vols.,  post  8vo,  II.  7s. 

1837.  Addison's  Indian  Reminiscences,  8vo,  14s. 

1838.  Count  Cagliostro  the  Charlatan  [by   T.   A. 

James],  3  vols.,  post  8vo,  II.  Is. 
c  1840.  Burke's    Portrait   Gallery   of  the    Female 
Nobility,  2  vols.,  royal  8vo,  3/.  3s. 

1841.  Williams's  Alice  Russell    and    other    Tales, 

post  8vo,  10s.  6d. 

1842.  Leaves  from  Eusebius,  translated  by  the  Rev. 

H.  Street,  post  8vo,  7s.  6d. 

It  would  serve  no  useful  purpose  to  name 
;the  other  works,  most  of  which  are  now 
,  entirely  forgotten.  W.  SCOTT. 

LOUD  MAYORS  AND  THEIR  COUNTIES 
OF  ORIGIN  (US.  ii.  108).— Fuller's  '  History 
jof  the  Worthies  of  England,'  printed  1662, 
jnew  edition  by  John  Nichols,  published  1811, 
contains  a  list  under  each  county.  Fuller 
'writes  : — 

"  I  begin  the  observing  of  their  Nativities,  from 
Sir  William  Sevenoke,  grocer,  Lord  Maior  1418. 
For  though  there  were  Lord  Maiors  200  years 
before,  yet  their  Birth-places  generally  are  unknown. 
It  was,  I  confess,  well  for  me  in  this  particular, 
that  Mr.  Stow  was  born  before  me,  being  herein 
the  heir  of  endevours,  without  any  pain  of  my  own.'' 

Fuller    has    only    one    under    Cornwall, 
inamely,  Sir  Richard  Cheverton,  skinner. 
R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

The  different  counties  whence  the  London 
Lord  Mayors  hailed  will  be  found  duly  set 
forth,  excepting  the  earlier  ones,  in  '  Some 
Account  of  the  Citizens  of  London  and  their 
(Rulers  from  1060  to  1867,'  by  B.  B.  Orridge, 
JF.G.S.,  1867  (Part  IV.,  'A  Calendar  of  the 
Mayors  and  Sheriffs  of  London  from  1189  to 
1867 ').  Sir  Richard  Chiverton  was  the 
first  of  that  county  who  became  Lord  Mayor, 
and  Sir  Robert  Geffery  the  second  (1657 
iand  1685).  J.  HOLDEN  MACMICHAEL. 

I  contributed  a  series  of  articles  on  Lord 
Mayors    of    London    who    were    natives    of 
Northamptonshire  to  Northamptonshire  Notes 
\ind  Queries.     See  vols.  ii.-vi.  (First  Series). 
JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

A  paper    on  '  The  First  Mayor  of  London 

(Henry    Fitz    Aylwin) '    appeared     in     The 

!>quary,  1887,  vol.  xv.  W.  S.  S. 

SPEAKER'S  CHAIR  OF  THE  OLD  HOUSE  OF 
COMMONS  (11  S.  ii.  128). — As  a  Freemason 
as  well  as  one  keenly  interested  in  Parlia 
'urntary  affairs,  I  should  be  specially  glac 
f  MR.  JOHN  ROBINSON  would  complete  his 
query  on  this  subject  by  stating  the  name 
of  the  London  newspaper  in  which  appearec 
the  account  he  refers  to,  with  the  date  o: 
publication,  as  well  as  of  the  local  journal 


«,nd  especially  of  the  "  Masonic  publication 
whose  representative  came  North  to  report 
the  Royal  Duke's  proceedings  " — an  instance 
3f  enterprise  in  Masonic  journalism  which 
s  sufficiently  striking  to  deserve  full  record. 

P.  G.  D. 

Presumably  in  the  fire  of  1834  the  Speaker's 
chair  was  destroyed.  There  is  no  evidence 

the  contrary  in  the  '  Report  of  the  Lords 
of  the  Council *  on  the  destruction  of  the 
Houses  of  Parliament,  and  Brayley  and 
Britton  ('Westminster  Palace1)  do  not 
mention  the  chair  or  its  preservation, 
although  they  would  hardly  have  overlooked 
so  interesting  a  point  if  it  had  occurred. 

It  is  scarcely  probable,  in  view  of  the  fact 
;hat  it  was  wanted  at  once,  that,  having 
Deen  saved,  it  would  have  been  sold  or  lent 
to  a  Masonic  lodge  at  Sunder  land.  Plate 
xxxix.  of  the  last -mentioned  work  ('The 
House  of  Commons  as  fitted  up  in  1835  ?) 
shows  a  chair  with  canopy  supported  by 
bwo  fluted  Corinthian  columns  surmounted 
by  the  royal  arms.  Perhaps  before  1839 
this  had  been  replaced  by  another,  and  so 
it  may  have  come  to  the  Masonic  lodge, 
and  with  slight  alterations  it  would  be 
eminently  suitable.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

THE  SLEEPLESS  ARCH  (US.  ii.  88,  135). — 
Mr.  J.  Meade  Falkner's  delightful  novel  is 
'The  Nebuly  Coat,'  of  arms  that  is,  not 
"Cloud."  J.  T.  F. 

Winterton,  Doncaster. 

J.  M.  QUERARD,  BIBLIOGRAPHER  (US.  ii. 
87). — The  two  chief  contemporary  authorities 
in  such  a  matter  differ  as  regards  Querard's 
first  name.  '  La  Litterature  franQaise  con- 
temporaine,  1827-49  '  (torn,  vi.,  1857,  p.  100), 
by  Felix  Bourquelot,  the  continuation  of 
'  La  France  litteraire,'  gives  the  name  as 
Jean,  and  it  is  to  be  supposed  that  those  who 
entered  into  a  long  lawsuit  with  Querard 
(the  results  of  which  are  given  in  a  foot-note) 
would  know  his  name  correctly.  On  the 
other  hand,  6mile  Regnard,  the  writer  in  the 
'  Nouvelle  Biographie  Generale  *  (torn,  xli., 
1862,  p.  302),  who  takes  Querard's  part  in  the 
controversy,  gives  the  name  as  Joseph. 

In  such  cases,  failing  absolute  proof,  the 
presumption  is  in  favour  of  the  less  common 
name.  W.  R.  B.  PRIDEAUX. 

Reform  Club,  S.W. 

There  is  an  article  by  Gustave  Brunet  on 
Querard,  and  published  with  a  portrait  in 
Le  Bibliophile  francais,  vol.  i.,  p.  73.  The 
portrait  gives  the  initials  "  J.  M.,"  but, 
curiously  enough,  his  name  is  not  once  given 


178 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  27, 1910. 


in  full.  All  through  he  is  spoken  of  simply  as 
"  Querard."  The  writer  of  the  article  says 
Querard  was  born  at  Rennes  in  1796,  and 
died  in  1865,  presumably  in  Paris. 

A.  LIONEL  ISAACS. 
59,  Piccadilly,  W. 

Most  biographies  that  I  have  seen  give 
the  name  as  "  Joseph  Marie  Querard." 
My  impression  is,  however,  that  his  full 
name  was  Joseph  Jean  or  Jean  Joseph 
Marie  Querard.  The  pseudonym  quoted 
seems  to  lend  countenance  to  this  conclusion, 
"  Jozon  "  being  apparently  a  "  faked  " 
presentment  of  Joseph  and  Jean. 

SCOTTJS. 

SIB  MATTHEW  PHILIP  :  SPBOTT'S  CHRO- 
NICLE :  KNIGHTHOOD  BESTOWED  TWICE 
(US.  ii.  24,  73,  94,  133). — A  few  words  in 
reply.  I  wrote  (p.  73)  :  "  Anstis  quotes 
from  Sprott's  '  Chronicle "  the  fragment 
published  by  Hearne."  I  gave  the  reference 
to  Anstis,  Numb,  xlviii.  ;  it  is  there  printed 
"  Fragment  relating  to  Ed.  IV.  published  by 
Mr  Hearne  at  the  End  of  Sprott's  Chron., 
p.  294,  295,"  &c.  I  gave  a  transcript  of  the 
passage  on  p.  295,  from  Sprott's  '  Chronicle,' 
Hearne' s  edition  itself.  The  fragment  is 
not  only  "bound  in  the  same  volume, " 
but  is  an  integral  printed  portion  of  the 
volume,  and  when  I  used  the  word  "  Sprott," 
it  was  intended  to  be  "  Sprott,  qua  book,'* 
and  not  "  Sprott,  qua  chronicler  or  author,'* 
and  my  references  show  this.  There  is 
therefore  no  foundation  for  saying  that  I 
identified  the  anonymous  chronicler  with 
Sprott,  or  that  I  attributed  this  fragmentary 
document  to  Sprott. 

The  name  "  John  Stone  "  was  a  slip  in 
copying,  and  I  am  obliged  for  its  having  been 
pointed  out.  The  name  should  have  been 
"  Rauffe  losselyn,  draper." 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

The  instance,  cited  by  MB.  F.  H.  HELTON 
(ante,  p.  134),  of  Sir  John  Dethick  in  no 
way  invalidates  the  position  of  MB.  PINK. 
There  were  many  such  cases,  as  no  one 
knows  better  than  MB.  PINK.  But  after  the 
restoration  of  Charles  II.  honours  conferred 
during  the  Protectorate  were  regarded  as 
null  and  invalid,  and  "Sir"  John  Dethick 
was  not  accorded  the  style  and  precedence 
of  a  knight  from  May,  1660,  until  the  dignity 
was  conferred  upon  him  by  his  lawful 
sovereign  in  April,  1661. 

There  is  no  instance,  so  far  as  I  know,  of 
a  man  already  a  knight — i.e.,  so  constituted 
by  recognized  lawful  authority — receiving 
simple  knighthood  afterwards.  The  case  of 


a  simple  knight  being  admitted  into  a 
higher  order  of  knighthood  is  different,  and 
does  not  affect  the  original  question  as  to 
the  assumed  knighthood  of  the  Bath  con- 
ferred on  Philip  in  1465. 

In  my  reply  on  p.  134  there  is  an  obvious 
slip  of  the  pen.  As  the  context  shows,  it  is 
Wyche  (not  Coke)  who  is  omitted  in  Fabyan's 
list.  ALFBED  B.  BEAVEN. 

Leamington. 

MB.  RELTON  is  right  as  to  Sir  John 
Dethick,  Bt.  As  is  well  known,  all  the 
honours  conferred  by  the  Protectors  Oliver 
and  Richard  were  disallowed  at  the  Resto- 
ration ;  therefore  the  instance  of  double 
knighthood  referred  to  cannot  apply  to  the 
matter  discussed.  Several  others  of  Crom- 
well's knights  were  reknighted  by  Charles  II., 
and  for  the  same  reason.  W.  D.  PINK. 

AUTHOBS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
ii.  129).— The  quotation  in  '  The  Last  Days 
of   Pompeii,'   Book   II.    chap,   ix.,    is   from 
Leigh   Hunt's    'The   Feast    of   the    Poets' 
(1814).     Apollo  makes  a  hasty  descent  upon 
earth  with  intent  to  summon  the  poets  to  a 
feast,  and  the  god's  appearance  is  described 
near  the  beginning  of  the  poem  : — 
For  though  he  was  blooming,  and  oval  of  cheek, 
And  youth  down  his  shoulders  went  smoothing  and 

sleek, 

Yet  his  look  with  the  reach  of  past  ages  was  wise, 
And  the  soul  of  eternity  thought  through  his  eyes. 


Heidelberg. 


L.  R.  M.  STBACHAN. 


Is  the  "Hero  of  the  Plains  of  Maida" 
necessarily  a  poetical  quotation  at  all,  any 
more  than  the  "Hero  of  Waterloo"  as 
applied  to  Wellington,  or  the  "  Heroes  of 
Alma  "  as  applied  to  the  killed  or  survivors 
of  that  battle  ?  Both  the  latter  figure  on 
the  London  signboard  ;  and  the  ' '  Hero  of 
Maida,"  Sir  John  Stuart,  is  commemorated 
in  the  sign  of  a  tavern,  No.  437,  Edgware 
Road,  W.  J.  HOLDEN  MACMICHAEL. 

EGEBTON  LEIGH  (11  S.  ii.  68,  114).— | 
I  would  point  out  to  MB.  ABKLE  that 
Egerton  Leigh  to  whom  he  refers  was  boi 
according  to  Burke's  '  Landed  Gentry, 
25  October,  1752.  Therefore  he  coulc 
hardly  have  been  the  Egerton  Leigh  wl 
was  admitted  to  Westminster  School  19  June 
1771.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

RICHABD  GLYNN,  PUBLISHES  :  BBI 
INSTITUTION  (11  S.  i.  429,  518). — The  best 
and  fullest  account  of  the  British  Institutior 
is  Thomas  Smith's  '  Recollections,*  publis 


ii  s.  ii.  AUG.  27,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


179 


I860.  See  also  John  Pye's  '  Patronage  of 
British  Art,1  1845  (pp.  302-4)  ;  and  '  Account 
of  all  the  Pictures  exhibited  in  the  Rooms 
of  the  British  Institution  from  1813  to  1823,J 
by  the  Rev.  James  Dallaway,  1824. 

W.  ROBERTS. 


0n 


Recollections  of  a  Long  Life.      By  Lord  Broughton 

(John  Cam  Hobhouse).     With  Additional  Ex 

tracts  from  his  Private  Diaries.     Edited  by  his 

Daughter,  Lady  Dorchester.  —  Vol.  III.  1822- 

1829.     Vol.  IV.  1829-34.     (Murray.) 

THE  earlier  volumes  of  this  work  (noticed  10  S. 

xii.  99)    perhaps    exceed    in  variety  of    interest 

those  before  us,  which  are  mainly  concerned  with 

home    politics,    and    the    discussions    concerning 

Byron,  his  memoirs,  and  books  af^ter  his  death, 

which  is  recorded  on  p.  35  of  vol.  iii.     Once  again 

j  we    note    the    passionate    admiration    which    his 

friend  cherished  for  the  poet,  and  the  jealous  care 

of   his   memory   evoked   by   false    or   prejudiced 

statements     concerning     his     life.      Hobhouse's 

genius  for  friendship  is  one  of  the  most  delightful 

I  of  his  many  virtues. 

There  is  a  good  deal  of  downright  comment  of 
an  unfavourable  sort  in  his  political  musings, 
i  some  of  which  may  be  taken  cum  grano  salia  ; 
but  he  shows  everywhere  abundant  appreciation 
of  men  of  letters  worthy  of  regard,  such  as  Walter 
Scott.  The  political  changes  and  characters  of 
his  time  have  been  noted  by  many  historians,  and 
the  summary  before  us  will  need  some  knowledge 
of  their  work  to  make  it  intelligible.  Granted 
that,  Hobhouse  on  politics  is  entertaining  enough, 
a  ud  distinctly  above  his  age  in  honesty  of  purpose. 
We  cannot  wonder  that  he  found  the  Duke  of 
Wellington's  political  course  occasionally  extra- 
ordinary, or  that  he  was  frank  about  the  in- 
•rous  gaiety  of  King  William  when  the  Fourth 
1  George  had  ceased  to  live.  Throughout  he  shows 
amid  the  tumult  of  politics  a  taste  for  "  elegant 
learning,"  as  it  was  then  styled,  and  a  shrewd 
sense  of  his  own  position  without  the  vanity 
common  among  prominent  politicians. 

His  care  for  Byron  and  Byron's  memory  shines 

throughout     the     volumes.     He     did     not     lack 

malicious  and  unfair  assailants,  but  he  treated 

them    all    with    excellent    temper.     Moore,    who 

appears  constantly  in  the  same  connexion,  cuts 

a  very  poor  figure  beside  him.     Hobhouse  frankly 

admits    that    he    liked    Byron    "  a    great    deal 

>o  well  to  be  an  impartial  judge  of  his  character," 

but,  with  his  usual  good  sense,  goes  on  to  appeal 

)  two  trustworthy  witnesses  who  knew  the  poet 

One   of  Byron's  failings  was   a  desire   to 

'•stify  people,   and   we   are   told  that  he   per- 

suaded Barry,  his  banker  at  Genoa,  that  he  had  a 

rticular    affection    for    three    geese    which    he 

meant  to  keep  as  long  as  he  lived. 

Besides  the  '  Diary,'  we  find,  as  in  the  earlier 

umes,  fragments  of  the  book  of  '  Recollections' 

iserted   here    and    there.     But    though    politics 

,    as  we  have    said,  the    main  theme,  other 

matters    of   interest   turn   up.     Under   the    date 

9  May,  1824,  we  find  details  which  remind  us  of 


the  manners  of  this  present  century.  Miss  Stocks 
had  been  in  a  balloon  accident : — 

"  Denman  told  us  that  whilst  Miss  Stocks  waa 
lying  almost  insensible  on  the  bed,  four  news- 
paper reporters  and  four  gentlemen  of  the  balloon 
committee  insisted  upon  being  admitted  to  her  !  !  I 

"  Denman  also  told  us  that  when  the  Queen 
was  dying  he  saw  two  reporters  in  her  ante- 
chamber, and  Peter  Finnerty,  reporter  for  the 
Chronicle,  actually  rode  on  the  box  of  the  carriage 
that  carried  Denman  and  Brougham  back  to 
London,  after  they  had  taken  their  last  leave  of 
the  Queen.  A  newspaper-ridden  people _we  are  !  " 

The  volumes  are  completed  by  some  choice 
illustrations,  a  Table  of  Administrations  during 
the  period  they  cover,  and  a  capable  Index,  for 
which  we  are  duly  grateful. 


.    BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES.—  AUGUST. 

ALL  interested  in  first  editions  should  obtain 
Mr.  Francis  Edwards's  Catalogue  305,  for  it  in- 
cludes those  of  Ainsworth,  Arnold,  Borrow, 
Browning,  Coleridge,  Dickens,  Keats,  Lamb,  Mere- 
dith, Rossetti,  Swinburne,  Tennyson,  Thackeray, 
and  many  others.  The  first  item  is  A'Beckett'a 
'Comic  History'  in  the  original  parts,  111.  Among 
the  Ainsworths  is  'Jack  Sheppard,'  9/.  10s.  Under 
Robert  Browning  is  'Bells  and  Pomegranates/ 
32J.  10s.  Byron's  Hours  of  Idleness,'  large  paper, 
is  priced  181.  There  is  a  complete  set  of  the  Cruik 


shank  Almanacks,  181.  ;  also  '  My  Skecch-Book,' 
14£.,  and  Kenrick's  '  British  Stage,'  including  the 
unfinished  sixth  volume,  501.  The  Dickenses  in- 
clude '  Copperfield,'  original  parts,  71.  10s.,  and  the 
'  Carol,'  61.  10s.  Under  '  The  Germ  '  is  a  complete 
set  of  the  four  parts,  401.  There  is  a  first  edition  of 
'Endymion,'  in  citron  morocco  by  Bedford,  27£. 
Under  Lamb  we  find  '  Elia,'  2  vols.,  blue  levant 
141.  ,  and  '  John  Woodvil,'  12/.  Under  Swinburne  is- 
the  rare  first  edition  of  '  The  Queen  Mother,'  36/. 
Under  Tennyson  is  '  Poems,'  1836,  full  calf  by 
Riviere,  141.  ;  also  '  Poems  by  Two  Brothers,'  1827,. 

'London'  and  Planta's  '  Picture  or  Paris,'  with  the 
coloured  costumes  of  the  lower  orders,  9  vols., 
12mp,  full  calf  by  Morrell.  11.  7s.  There  are 
original  drawings  by  Cruikshank.  Under  Fuller 
Worthies  Library  is  a  complete  set,  251.  ;  and 
under  Sette  of  Odd  Volumes  is  a  complete  set  as 
issued,  1880-1905,  451.  There  are  in  addition  works. 
under  Gold  and  Silver  Plate,  and  under  Pottery 
and  Porcelain. 

Messrs.  J.  &  J.  Leighton's  Part  XIV.  of  their 
Catalogue  of  Early  Printed  Books  runs  from  Ci  to  Cy. 
The  labour  of  compiling  must  be  very  great,  for 
nearly  eight  thousand  items  are  already  recorded. 
There  are  thirty  -one  editions  of  Cicero,  including  the 
first  English  translation  of  the  '  Paradoxes,'  which 
is  extremely  rare,  and  is  the  only  book  printed  by 
John  Redman  at  Southwark.  There  is  no  date, 
but  it  was  before  1540.  Under  Claude  le  Lorrain  ia 
the  rare  original  edition,  3  vols.,  original  calf,  Boy- 
dell,  1777-1817,  251.  Under  Cologne  is  a  rare  Missal, 
printed  on  vellum,  of  the  date  1494.  The  earliest 
known  to  Hain  is  1498,  and  to  Brunet  1506.  Among 
Common  Prayer  Books  is  the  second  of  Edward  VI., 
London,  1552,  1751.  There  is  one  of  the  earliest 
poems  m  praise  of  tea,  Petit's  '  Thea,'  1685.  At 
the  end  is  a  list  of  other  early  works  containing: 


180 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  AUG.  27, 1910. 


descriptions  of  the  herb.  There  are  several  works 
under  Cosmography.  Among  editions  of  Ptolemy 
is  the  Venice  edition  of  1511.  The  inscriptions 
were  printed  from  type  in  red  and  black  after  the 
maps  had  been  worked  off.  The  first  chart  shows 
part  of  America  under  the  name  Terra  Sanctse 
Crucis,  as  well  as  the  islands  of  Cuba  and  His- 
paniola;  also  "  regalis  dornus  "  and  "  terra  labora- 
torum,"  being  thus  the  first  map  recording  the 
discoveries  of  Cortereal  in  1500.  On  the  extreme 
east  is  a  portion  of  "  Zampagu.  Ins.,"  i.e.  Japan. 
There  are  many  works  under  Costume.  A  remark- 
ably sound  and  clean  copy  of  Cranmer's  Bible,  the 
rare  November  edition,  1541,  is  2SL 

The  Appendix  contains  a  complete  description  of 
an  Apocalypse  Block- Book  with  two  folding  plates, 
and  also  includes  a  description  of  an  uncut  Caxton, 
'  The  Golden  Legende,'  the  first  largely  illustrated 
book  printed  in  England,  incomplete  as  usual,  but 
measuring  15f  in.  by  11  in.,  only  one  other  as  large 
being  known,  viz.,  that  now  in  the  Public  Library 
at  Cambridge  (Bishop  Moore's  Collection),  which 
exactly  corresponds  with  the  present  example  as 
regards  the  sheets  with  the  head -lines  in  large  or 
small  type,  as  the  case  may  be.  It  is  dated  West- 
minster, William  Caxton,  20  Nov.,  1483,  and  the 
price  is  850Z.  Among  items  of  more  recent  date  is  a 
sketch  of  the  life  of  Cowper,  1803,  extra-illustrated, 
and  with  seventeen  autograph  letters  of  the  poet, 
and  other  letters,  95£.  The  Catalogue  is  full  of 
illustrations. 

Messrs.  Maggs  Brothers  devote  their  Catalogue 
258  to  Autograph  Letters  and  Manuscripts.  All 
collectors  should  obtain  a  copy.  There  are  a  thou- 
sand items,  many  of  them  being  most  valuable. 
Among  those  which  will  appeal  to  American  readers 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  are  a  letter  of  John  Quincy  Adams  to 
Governor  Sullivan,  15  April,  1801,  on  the  questions 
between  America,  Britain,  and  France,  161.  15s. ; 
Jefferson  on  the  burning  of  Washington  and  its 
Library,  21  September,  1814,  521.  10s.  ;  George 
Washington  to  Governor  Walton,  concerning  nego- 
tiations with  the  Indian  tribes,  24  August,  1789, 
I&L  18s. ;  three  letters  from  General  Greene,  c.  1780, 
to  Sumner  ;  one  from  Paul  Jones  to  Jefferson,  Paris, 
5  October,  1785,  dealing  with  the  dispatch  of  the 
ill-fated  expedition  under  Perouse,  1251.  ;  and  one 
from  Wendell  Holmes  to  John  Dougall,  referring  to 
the  death  of  his  only  and  much  loved  daughter, 
3£.  18s.  There  is  also  a  collection  of  documents  re- 
lating to  the  Revolutionary  War.  Under  Bonaparte 
and  Napoleon  are  letters  and  autographs.  A  fine 
signature  of  Elizabeth  is  18£.  18s. ;  a  letter  of 
Charles  I.,  581.;  one  from  Queen  Henrietta  Maria 
to  the  Pope,  expressing  her  gratitude  to  him, 
45£.  ;  and  one  from  Marie  Antoinette,  10/.  10s. 
There  is  a  magnificent  Stuart  collection,  420/. 
Under  Napoleonic  Wars  is  a  collection  of  procla- 
mations by  Bliicher,  251.  Under  Nelson  is  a  letter 
to  Ladv  Hamilton,  42£. ;  also  a  letter  to  his  sister, 
from  the  Victory,  11  January,  1805:  "Very  little 
has  been  done  in  the  Prize  way,  indeed  I  am  afraid 
my  pursuit  lays  another  way,  I  never  did  or  could 
turn  my  thoughts  to  money,  14£.  14s.  A  collection 
of  Madame  de  Maintenon's  letters  is  priced  130/. 
In  one  of  four  letters  of  Fox  (price  211.)  he  says : 

"The  law  for  any  one  who    has  Ambition is 

undoubtedly  the  finest  profession  in  the  World  " 
Among  letters  of  Gladstone  is  one  to  Russell, 
Carlton  House  Terrace,  7  August,  1871:  "  First,  there 
has,  I  am  well  convinced,  been  a  deliberate  plan  at 


work  from  an  early  period  of  the  Session  to  obstruct 
business  of  the  Government We  have  unde- 
niably at  this  time  an  unusual  number  of  obstre- 
perous and  invincible  talkers."  There  are  several 
letters  of  Dr.  Johnson  ;  in  one  to  Mr.  Dilly  he 
writes  :  "  I  wish  to  distinguish  Watts,  a  man  who 
never  wrote  but  for  a  good  purpose,"  111.  ijs. 
Under  Le  Sage  is  a  letter  of  6  pages,  4to,  75Z.  We 
cannot  close  this  notice  without  mentioning  that 
under  Tennyson — Hallam  is  a  series  of  33  unpub- 
lished autograph  letters  from  Arthur  Hallam  to 
Tennyson's  sister,  '3501. 

The  135th  Catalogue  of  Mr.  Ludwig  Rosenthal  is 
well  worth  the  attention  of  collectors  of  books  and 
MSS. ;  for  it  is  seldom  that  Mr.  Rosenthal  does  not 
offer  rare  things,  the  mere  account  of  which  causes 
the  expert  to  envy.  The  pages  of  illustrations  at 
the  end  of  this  Catalogue  give  some  idea  of  the 
incunabula,  Horse,  MSS.,  and  engravings  from 
various  countries  offered  by  the  famous  Munich 
house.  Here  we  find  Chinese  water-colours ;  a 
Biblia  Germanica  of  Strasburg,  1466 ;  a  Boccaccio  of 
1494;  a  Dutch  caricature  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury; Spanish  books  of  Hours  ;  and  three  woodcuts 
of  Lichtenberg's  '  Pronosticatio  in  Latino,'  Modena, 
1492.  This  example,  in  accordance  with  Mr.  Rosen- 
thal's  excellent  practice,  is  annotated  with  biblio- 
graphical references  to  Hain,  who  had  not  seen  it, 
and  Proctor,  and  it  is  added  that  no  mention  of  the 
book  has  been  discovered  in  any  sale  or  library 
catalogue. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.  ] 


HENRY  ANDRADE  HARBEN.—  Readers  of  *  N.&Q.,' 
and  especially  lovers  of  London  topography, 
will  learn  with  regret  of  the  death  of  Mr.  H.  A. 
Harben,  which  occurred  in  London  on  Thursday, 
the  18th  inst.  He  took  his  B.A.  degree  at  London 
University,  was  called  to  the  Bar  at  Lincoln's  Inn, 
and  filled  many  public  offices.  From  his  residence, 
Newland  Park,  Chalfont  St.  Giles,  he  wrote  at 
10  S.  iv.  276  on  Newlands,  Chalfont  St.  Peter.  His 
contribution  to  the  Tyburn  discussion  will  be 
remembered  by  readers  of  'N.  &  Q.'  One  of  his 
last  articles  was  that  011  St.  Austin's  Gate  (11  S.  i. 
451). 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication,  but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed  : 
to  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries  '"—Adver- 
tisements   and    Business    Letters    to    "The   Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery- 
Lane,  E.G. 

RAVEN  ("French  original  of  'Not  a  drum  was 
heard  '  ").—  This  was  a,jeu  d*  esprit  of  Father  Prout. 

W.  M.—  In  preparation.  Announcement  will  be- 
made  later. 

HAROLD  ARMITAGE  and  T.  C.  MYDDELTON.—  j 
Forwarded. 


u  s.  ii.  SEPT.  3, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


181 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  5,  19 10. 


CONTENTS.— No.  36. 

NOTES:— Stone  Capital  in  the  Old  High  Tower,  West- 
minster, 181— Tottel's  'Miscellany,'  182  —  Huntingdon- 
shire Poll-Books,  183— Plan tagenet  Tombs  at  Fontevrault, 
184  —  Russian  Saying  —  Tammany  and  England,  185— 
Belgian  Students'  Song  —  Dickens's  'Haunted  Man'  — 
Belt  Family— General  Wolfe  on  "  Yankees,"  186. 

QUERIES:— "Teest"— "Scruto"  —  Sir  W.  Stephenson— 
Secretaries  to  the  Lords  Lieutenant  of  Ireland — Islington 
Historians,  187— Bell's  Editions  of  the  Poets— Gibbon  on 
the  Classics— Oatcake  and  Whisky  as  Eucharistic  Ele- 
ments—Kipling  and  the  Swastika— Authors  of  Quotations 
Wanted,  188 — Shakespeare  and  Peeping  Tom— Duke  of 
Grafton,  East  Indiaman— Book-Covers  :  "  Yellow- Backs  " 
— Anonymous  Works — '  Le  Paysan  Perverti ' — '  Julian's 
Vision'— 'A  Day  with  Cromwell '—Father  Smith,  the 
Organ  Builder,  189— Theophilus  Feild— F.  V.  Field- 
Frank  Nicholls— "  Sovereign  "  of  Kinsale— Legacy  to 
Lord  Brougham — Basil  the  Great,  190. 

REPLIES  :— Bibliography  of  London,  19(1—  'Oliver  Twist ' 
on  the  Stage— " Staple "  in  Place-Names,  191— "King" 
in  Place-Names,  192-' The  Case  Altered'  — E.  I.  C.'s 
Marine  Service  —  "  Highdays,  Holidays,  and  Bonfire 
Nights "— Liardet— American  Words  and  Phrases,  193— 
Names  Terrible  to  Children— Moke  Family— Spider's 
Web— Goldsmith's  'Deserted  Village '  — Dickens  on 
Royal  Humane  Society,  194  —  Sir  John  Ivory — Saint. 
E vremond,  195  — '  Vertimmus '  —  "  Collins  "  =  Letter  of 
Thanks— St.  Swithin  —  "  Denizen  "  —  Lieut -Col.  Glegg, 
196— Usona=U.S.A.— Amaneuus  as  a  Christian  Name — 
Adling  Street  —  Elizabeth  and  Astrology  —  Bath  and 
Henrietta  Maria,  197— Asking  for  Salt— Father  Peters 
and  Queen  Mary — Lardiner  at  the  Coronation — English 
Sepulchral  Monuments  —  '  Drawing  -  Room  Ditties '  — 
W.  Hucks — Apple  Tree  flowering  in  Autumn,  199. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:— "The  Poems  of  Cynewulf '—' Fifty 
Pictures  of  Gothic  Altars.' 


STONE  CAPITAL  IN  THE   OLD  HIGH 
TOWER,   WESTMINSTER. 

IN  '  The  Graphic  Illustrator,'  edited  by 
Edw.  W.  Brayley  (author  of  '  The  History 
and  Antiquities  of  Westminster  Abbey '), 
1834,  pp.  87,  88,  is  an  article  signed  B. 
(?  Brayley)  which  says  : — 

"  There  is  scarcely  in  English  sculpture  a  more 
•choice  relic  of  antiquity  than  the  unique  CAPITAL 
which  forms  the  subject  of  the  present  article ; 
and  the  preservation  of  which  is  wholly  due  to  the 
persevering  tact  of  our  late  lamented  friend, 
Mr.  Capon,  whose  talents  as  a  correct  archi- 
tectural draughtsman  were  unrivalled.  From 
his  drawings,  now  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Britton, 
(to  whose  kindness  we  are  indebted  for  their  use,) 
;  the  attached  wood-cuts  have  been  executed." 

The  particulars  of  the  discovery  are  said 
j  by  the  writer  to  have  been  condensed  from 
I  Mr.  Capon's  own  notes. 

"  During  the  short  reign  of  King  Richard  III., 
a  gateway  was  erected  at  the  north-west  ex- 
tremity of  the  Palace  Court,  at  Westminster, 
*s  a  means  of  communication  between  the 


?alace  and  the  premises  belonging  to  the  Abbey, 
t  stood  almost  directly  facing  the  gate  of  the 
Sanctuary,  but  a  little  to  the  north  of  it,  and  is 
represented  both  in  Ralph  Aggas's  Plan  of  London, 

Siblished  early  in  Queen  Elizabeth's  reign,  and  in 
ollar's  View  of  the  New  Palace  Yard,  engraved 
about  the  year  1640.  Subsequently  all  the 
gateway  was  pulled  down,  except  the  south  wall, 
which  seemed  as  a  separating  wall  between  the 
well-known  Mitre  Tavern,  in  Union  Street,  and  the 
Horn  Tavern,  which  stood  at  the  western  ex- 
tremity of  the  Palace  Yard.  In  June,  1807, 
when  the  taverns  and  other  houses  in  Union 
Street  were  demolished,  to  make  way  for  the 
'  improvements  '  (so  styled)  at  Westminster,  the 
remaining  wall  was  taken  down,  and  in  that  wall, 
distinguished  by  its  size  from  the  other  stones,  the 
Capital  was  found.  By  sedulously  attending  the 
workmen,  Mr.  Capon  preserved  the  sculpture 
from  any  further  damage  than  what  it  had 
received  when  built  up  in  the  wall  in  King  Richard 
the  Third's  time ....  After  keeping  it  with  great 
care  for  many  years,  Mr.  Capon  eventually  sold 
it  for  one  hundred  guineas,  to  the  eccentric  Sir 
Gregory  Page  Turner,  Bart .... 

"  It  has  an  indented  legend  on  the  abacus, 
that,  in  connexion  with  the  sculpture  itself, 
decidedly  refers  to  the  bestowing  of  some  grant, 
or  charter,  by  King  William  Rufus,  to  Gislebertvs, 
Sub-Abbot  of  Westminster." 

The  prominent  figures  on  one  of  the  four 
sides  had  been  "  chopped  off." 

As  to  the  other  sides,  No.  1  shows  the 
King  holding  a  roll  or  charter,  with  the 
Abbot  on  one  side  and  a  monk  on  the  other. 
On  the  abacus  is  WILLELMO  SECVN —  and  two 
broken  letters. 

No.  2  shows  the  Abbot  bearing  the 
charter  and  (?)  a  key,  a  monk  on  each  side. 
The  remaining  inscription  is  — v  .  SVBABBE  . 
GISLE —  (or  ?  GISLEB). 

No.  3  represents  the  Abbot  as  standing 
before  a  kind  of  reading-desk,  held  by  an 
attendant,  on  which  are  the  open  Scriptures, 
with  the  words  EGO  SUM  on  the  dexter  page. 
Behind  the  Abbot  is  another  figure,  partly 
mutilated,  who  is  also  holding  a  book.  The 
letters  remaining  on  the  abacus  appear  to 
read  thus :  E  .  CLAVSTBV  .  ET  BELL  . ;  but  the 
last  two,  from  their  broken  state,  are  perhaps 
questionable. 

At  the  end  of  his  article  B.  says  : — 

"  To  what  particular  grant,  or  instrument, 
these  sculptures  refer  is  unknown ....  Were  the 
manuscripts  yet  preserved  in  the  muniment  room 
of  the  Abbey  church  carefully  examined,  this 
regretted  desideratum  might  probably  be  supplied.* ' 

With  the  subscriptions  "  Wm.  Capon, 
del.,11  and  "  N.  Whittock,  sc.,n  the  three 
woodcuts  (from  the  same  blocks)  appear  in 
Brayley  and  Britton's  '  History  of  the 
Ancient  Palace  and  late  Houses  of  Parlia- 
ment at  Westminster,'  1836,  pp.  416,  445, 
446.  Engravings  of  the  three  compart- 


182 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  SEPT.  3, 


1910. 


ments,  on  a  reduced  scale,  also  appear  on 
plate  xxxv.  A  short  description  and  account 
are  given  in  the  letterpress. 

In  this  book  the  gateway  is  called  (p.  444) 
the  "High  Tower  at  Westminster'*  (ref. 
Strype's  Stow's  *  London,1  vol.  ii.  p.  634) 
and  "The  Queen's  Majesty's  Gate,  in  King 
Street"  (ref.  ibid.,  p.  635).  Brayley  and 
Britton  also  quote  from  Maitland's  '  History 
and  Survey  of  London,5  1772  (and  1756), 
vol.  ii.  p.  1341,  where  it  is  said  that  the 
gate  on  the  west  of  New  Palace  Yard 

"called  Highgate  (a  very  beautiful  and  stately 
edifice)  was  situate  at  the  East  End  of  Union- 
street  ;  but  it  having  occasioned  great  Obstruc- 
tions to  the  Members  of  Parliament  in  their 
Passage  to  and  from  their  respective  Houses,  the 
same  was  taken  down  in  the  year  1706." 

Brayley  and  Britton  then  speak  of  the 
demolition  of -the  remnant  of  the  gate  in 
June,  1807,  and  the  discovery  of  the  capital. 

Dean  Stanley  in  his  '  Historical  Memorials 
of  Westminster  Abbey,*  3rd  ed.,  1869,  p.  422, 
or  5th  ed.,  1882,  p.  362,  refers  to  this 
capital  as  found  in  1831.  This  error  per- 
haps arises  from  his  having  read  a  short 
account  of  it  in  The  Gentlemarfs  Magazine 
of  1831,  pt.  i.  p.  545.  (He  erroneously 
refers  to  pt.  ii.) 

The  Gentlemarfs  Magazine  contains  a 
short  report  of  the  exhibition,  at  a  meeting 
of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  on  2  June, 
1831,  by  John  Britton,  of  a  "  drawing  by 
the  late  Mr.  Capon  of  a  carved  capital  found 
some  years  since  within  the  precincts  of 
Westminster  Abbey. u  Reproductions  of  the 
three  inscriptions  are  given,  which  are  not 
quite  correct,  if  those  which  appear  in 
'  The  Graphic  Illustrator  *  and  Brayley  and 
Britton's  '  History  of  the  Ancient  Palace  ? 
are  so. 

Dean  Stanley  refers  to  '  Vet.  Mon.,' 
vol.  v.  plate  xcvii.  p.  4.  I  have  failed  in  my 
attempt  to  verify  this  reference  at  the 
British  Museum.  Concerning  the  capital 
which  was  found  in  1807,  Brayley  and 
Britton  say  (p.  445)  that  it 

"  must  have  been  executed  to  commemorate  the 
bestowal  of  some  valuable  grant  or  confirmation, 
by  King  William  Rufus,  on  Gislebertus,  Abbot  of 
Westminster.  In  all  probability,  therefore,  it 
had  formed  part  of  a  building  within  the  Abbey." 

It  may  perhaps  have  found  its  way  back 
to  the  Abbey.  If  it  has  not,  it  would  be 
interesting  to  know  where  it  is,  if  it  still 
exists,  and  whether  it  could  not  be  restored 
to  the  Abbey,  where  it  ought  to  be. 

According  to  '  Pater  son's  Roads,*  16th 
ed.,  1822,  Sir  Gregory  Osborne  Page  Turner, 
Bt.,  to  whom  apparently  the  capital  was  sold 


by  Mr.  Capon,  occupied  two  houses,  viz., 
Battlesden  Park,  near  Hockliffe  and  Milton 
Bryant,  Beds,  and  another  (no  name  given), 
near  Black  Thorn  Heath  and  Bicester. 

According  to  G.  E.  C.'s  *  Complete 
Baronetage,'  1906,  the  Page  Turner  estates  in 
Beds,  Oxon,  and  Middlesex  passed  in  1902, 
on  the  death  of  the  widow  of  the  6th 
baronet,  to  Mr.  Frederick  Augustus  Blaydes. 
He  in  1903  assumed  the  name  of  Page 
Turner  in  lieu  of  Blaydes. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


TOTTEL'S  '  MISCELLANY,1  PUTTEN- 
HAM'S  '  ARTE  OF  ENGLISH  POESIE,* 
AND  GEORGE  TURBERVILE. 

(See  ante,  pp.  1,  103.) 

UNDER  Ploche  or  the  Doubler  Puttenham 
treats  of  various  kinds  of  repetitions  of 
words,  some  commendable,  as  in  the  case 
of  a  passage  from  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  and 
one  from  an  unnamed  work  of  his  own  ; 
and  others  which  are 

"  nothing   commendable,   and  therefore   are  not 
observed  in  good  poesie,  as  a  vulgar  rimer  who 
doubled  one  word  in  the  end  of  every  verse,  thus  : 
adieu,  adieu, 
my  face,  my  face." 

Arber,  p.  211. 

He  refers  to  poems  such  as  the  following, 
which  I  cannot  help  thinking  he  had  in  his 
mind,  although  he  does  not  give  any  of  the 
eleven  words  that  Turbervile  repeats  as 
"  accoy  "  is  repeated  here  : — 

For  to  revoke  to  pensive  thought, 
And  troubled  head  my  former  plight, 
How  I  by  earnest  sute  have  sought 
And  grief ull  paines  a  loving  wight, 
For  to  accoy,  accoy, 
And  breede  my  joy, 
Without  anoy,  makes  saltish  bryne 
To  flush  out  of  my  vapord  eyne. 
'  The  Lover  abused  renownceth  Love,'  p.  206. 

Note  the  title  of  Turbervile's  sonnet  ;  it 
tallies  with  one  of  Sir  Thomas  Wyatt's, 
printed  in  Tottel,  p.  55.  Very  often  when 
we  find  such  agreement  we  shall  find  that 
Turbervile  has  copied  not  only  his  title, 
but  also  his  theme  and  much  of  his  language 
from  poems  in  Tottel. 

The  poet  frequently  alters  the  form  of 
words,  and  consequently  their  sound,  some- 
times to  make  up  his  rime,  sometimes  for 
purposes  of  euphony.  This  practice  is  not 
always  attended  with  happy  results,  especi- 
ally in  the  case  of  the  vulgar  rimer,  who, 
lacking  art  and  copiousness  of  language, 
abuses  the  licence,  and  strains  words  to  make' 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  3,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


183 


up  his  own  deficiencies.  Amongst  other 
words  Puttenham  cites  evermare  for  evermore, 
wrang  for  wrong,  and  fright  for  fraight. 

Fright  for  fraight  or  fraught  occurs  at 
least  three  times  in  Turbervile,  and  one 
instance  is  to  be  found  in  '  The  Lover  to 
Cupid, s  p.  81,  the  poem  which  furnished  the 
critic  with  the  material  for  his  censure  of 
the  word  "  roy  "  : — 

Whose  volumes  when  I  saw 

with  pleasant  stories  fright, 
In  him  (I  say)  above  the  rest 
I  laid  my  whole  delight. 

The  other  cases  will  be  found  in  the  '  Verse 
in  prayse  of  Lord  Henry  Howarde,  Earle  of 
Surrey,2  p.  17,  and  in  the  '  Disprayse  of 
Women,'  &c.,  p.  104. 

The  last  passage  from  Turbervile  in  '  The 
Arte  of  Poesie  '  remains  to  be  dealt  with. 
It  contains  a  fault  which  not^only  filled  the 
cup  of  Puttenham's  wrath,  but  also  made 
it  overflow  : — 

"It  is  no  small  fault  in  a  maker  to  use  such 
wordes  and  termes  as  do  diminish  and  abbase  the 
matter  he  would  seeme  to  set  forth,  by  imparing 
the  dignitie,  height,  vigour  or  majestie  of  the  cause 
he  takes  in  hand ....  as  another  of  our  bad  rymers 
that  very  indecently  said. 

A  misers  mynde  thou  hast,   thou    hast  a  Princes 
pelfe."  Arber,  p.  266. 

This  fault  comes  under  Tapinosis  or  the 
Abbaser,  and  one  can  see  the  old  courtier 
with  his  face  turned  to  Queen  Elizabeth  in 
every  word  that  he  writes  concerning  it. 
He  says  "  pelfe  "  is  a  lewd  term  to  be  given 
to  a  prince's  treasure.  Again  we  are  re- 
minded of  E.  K.?s  address  to  Gabriel  Harvey, 
prefixed  to  Spenser's  '  Shepheards  Calender.' 
But  just  at  this  time  Puttenham  had  no 
place  at  Court  ;  he  was  writing  his  book, 
as  he  tells  the  queen,  because  he  wanted  to 
do  something  to  fill  up  his  idle  time,  and 
he  was  not  unwilling  to  stir  himself  in  her 
Majesty's  service  if  she  would  be  gracious 
enough  to  make  trial  of  him.  And,  certainly, 
he  would  never  abase  the  treasure  she  paid 
for  service  by  giving  it  such  a  lewd  name  as 
"  pelfe. n  The  offensive  phrase  occurs  in 
an  epigram,  '  Of  a  Ritch  Miser  z  : — 

A  Misers  minde  thou  hast, 
thou  hast  a  princes  pelfe  ; 

Which  makes  thee  welthy  to  thine  heire, 
a  beggar  to  thy  selfe. 

Collier,  p.  281. 

Near  the  end  of  his  book  (p.  281)  Putten- 
ham narks  back  to  Turbervile's  unfortunate 
phrase  thus  : — 

"  Another  of  our  vulgar  makers,  spake  as 
illfaringly  in  this  verse  written  to  the  dispraise  of 
a  rich  man  and  covetous.  Thou  hast  a  misers 
Dxinde  (thou  hast  a  princes  pelfe)  a  lewde  terme 
to  be  spoken  of  a  princes  treasure,  which  is  no 


respect  nor  for  any  cause  is  to  be  called  pelfe,. 
though  it  were  never  so  meane,  for  pelfe  is  properly 
the  scrappes  or  shreds  of  taylors  and  skinners,, 
which  are  accompted  of  so  vile  price  as  they  be 
commonly  cast  out  of  dores,  or  otherwise  bestowed 
upon  base  purposes  :  and  carrieth  not  the  like 
reason  or  decencie,  as  when  we  say  in  reproch  of 
a  niggard  or  usurer,  or  worldly  covetous  man, 
that  he  setteth  more  by  a  little  pelfe  of  the  world, 
than  by  his  credit  or  health,  or  conscience.  For 
in  comparison  of  these  tresours,  all  the  gold  or- 
silver  in  the  world  may  by  a  skornefull  terme  be 
called  pelfe,  and  so  ye  see  that  the  reason  of  the 
decencie  holdeth  not  alike  in  both  cases." 

In  my  next  article,  which  will  conclude 
those  on  Puttenham  and  Turbervile,  I 
propose  to  give  a  list  of  Tottel  passages 
quoted  by  Puttenham,  and  indicate  the 
places  where  they  may  be  found  in  both 
works.  I  am  aware  that  some  of  these  have 
been  traced  by  others,  but  my  information 
may  be  useful  because  it  is,  I  think,  complete^ 

CHARLES  CRAWFORD. 
(To  be  concluded.) 


HUNTINGDONSHIRE    POLL-BOOKS. 

THE  following  is  a  list  of  those  (with  two 
exceptions)  in  my  possession.  It  is  the 
first  printed  account  of  the  poll-books  of 
this  county.  For  those  of  other  counties 
see  6  S.  iv.  433  ;  vi.  310  ;  10  S.  viii.  76, 
177,  453,  477  ;  x.  124. 

1.  A  |  Poll  |  taken  before  |  Edward  Leeds,  Esq.,  I 
High-Sheriff  of  the  County  of  |  Huntingdon,  I 
March  29th,  |  30th,  j  31st,  |  April  1st  |  1768. 

Candidates.  polled> 

Peter,  Earl  Ludlow,  of  the  Kingdom  of 

Ireland    804 


John,    Lord   Viscount   Hinchingbrook . .     855 
Sir  Robert  Bernard,  Bart 666 


Cambridge,  |  Printed  by  Fletcher  and  Hod- 
son  :  |  and  sold  by  Mr.  Jenkinson,  in  Hunting- 
don ;  Messrs.  Fletcher  and  Hod  |  son,  in 
Cambridge  ;  Mr.  Biggs,  at  St.  Ives  ;  Mr. 
Claridge,  at  St.  Neots  ;  Mr.  Knapp,  at  Peter- 
borough ;  Mr.  Belton,  at  Kimbolton  |  ;  and 
Mr.  Hyatt,  at  Bedford. 

[1768]  8vo,  pp.  48,  vellum,  printed  on  one 
side  of  page  only. 

2.  A  State  |  of  |  the  Poll  |  for  the  |  election  I  of  | 
Representatives     in     Parliament  |  for     the  | 
County  of  Huntingdon  j  on  the  13th  and  14th 
of  May,  180"i. 

Candidates. 

The  Right  Hon.  Lord  Viscount  Hinching- 
brook, |  the  Right  Hon.  Lord  Viscount  Proby  | 
and  |  William  Henry  Fellowes,  Esquire  : 

William  Squire,  Esq.,  Sheriff. 

Cambridge  :   Printed  and  Sold  byF.  Hodson, 
|  Sold  also  by  Mrs.  Jenkinson,   Huntingdon.  I 
Price  3s.  6rf. 

[1807]     8vo,  pp.  48,  index  vii. 


184 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES,       [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  3, 1910. 


3.  A  |  State    of   the  Poll  |  for   the  |  Election  of 
Representatives      in      Parliament  |  for      the 
.     County  of  Huntingdon,  |  on  |  The    25th,  26th, 
I    27th,  and  29th  of  June,  1818. 
Candidates. 

The  Bight  Hon.  Lord  Frederick  Montagu,  | 
and  William  Henry  Fellowes,  Esq.,  |  and  j 
Williams  Wells,  Esq. 

Was  nominated,  but  without  his  consent,  and  | 
did  not  make  his  appearance  at  the  |  Hustings 
during  the  Election. 

Thomas  George  Apreece,  Esq.,  |  Sheriff. 
Huntingdon  :  |  Compiled,  Printed,  and    pub- 
lished, by  and  for  |  Thomas  Lovell. 
1818,  8vo,  pp.  64. 

-4.  A  |  Copy  of    the   Poll  |  for  |  Two    Knights    of 
the  Shire,  |  for  the  |  County  of   Huntingdon,  | 
which  |  Commenced  at  Huntingdon  |  on  Thurs- 
day, the  15th,  and  Ended  at  the  Close  of  Tues- 
day, the  20th  June,  |  1826. 

Candidates.  Votes. 

William  Henry  Fellowes,  Esq.    . .          . .     911 
Lord  John  Russell  . .  . .  . .      858 

Lord  Mandeville  968 

Thomas  Skeels  Fryer,  Esq.,  Sheriff. 
Mr.  R.  W.  Allpress,  Under-Sheriff. 
W.  Reader,  Esq.,  Assessor. 
Huntingdon  :  |  Printed   and    sold   by   A.    P. 
Wood  ;    and  |  may  also    be  had  of    Hodson  | 
and   Hatfield,   Cambridge  ;    and  of  Sherwood, 
Gilbert ;  |  and    Piper,    20,    Paternoster    Row, 
London. 

[1826]     8vo,  pp.  vii+80,  with  index. 

-5.  A  View  of  the  Poll  for  the  County  of  Hunting- 
don at  the  Election  beginning  the  6th  and 
Ending  the  10th  of  August,  1830. 

Published  from  the   Sheriffs'   Poll-books  by 

•  William  Hatfield,  Gazette  Offices,  Huntingdon, 
Price  one  shilling,  and  may  be  had  of  any  of 
the  Agents  of  The  Huntingdon  Gazette,  'and 
Cambridge  Independent  Press.  W.  Hatfield, 
Printer,  Gazette  Office,  Huntingdon. 

[1830]     Single   sheet,    printed    on    one   side, 
20  in.  by  25  J  in. 

•6.  An,  8vo  volume  was  also  published  for  this 
year. 

7.  The   Poll  |  for  |  Two   Knights   of  the   Shire  | 
for  the  |  County  of    Huntingdon  |  which  |  com- 
menced at  Huntingdon  |  on  Thursday  the  5th 
and  closed  on  Saturday  the  7th  of  May  |  1831  | 
with  copious  Tables,  Index,  &c. 

Cambridge  :  |  Printed    and    Sold   by   Weston 
Hatfield,   Black  Bull    Court  |  Sidney  Street.  | 
Also  sold  by  R.  Edis  &  A.  P.  WTood,  the  Gazette 
Office,  Huntingdon  I Price  2s.  6d. 

[1831]     8vo,pp.72. 

8.  A  |  Copy  of  the  Poll,  I  taken    at  the  General 
Election  |  for   the  |   County   of    Huntingdon,  | 
on  Monday  and  Tuesday  7th  and  8th  of  August, 
1837.  |  Arranged     by     permission  I  From     the 
Poll  Books  of"  the  Sheriff. 

Candidates. 

Edward  Fellowes,  Esq 1392 

George  Thornhill,  Esq . .      1332 

.John  Bonfoy  Rooper,  Esq.          ..  ..        990 

John  Dobede,  Esq.,  Sheriff. 
William  P.  Isaacson,  Esq.,  Under-Sheriff. 


Huntingdon :  |  Printed  and  published  by 
Robert  Edis,  High  Street.  To  be  had  of  all  the 
booksellers  in  the  county,  and  of  |  Simpkin, 
Marshall  and  Co.,  London. 

1837,  8vo,  pp.  iv.+86,  with  index. 

9.  The     Poll  |  taken    at  |  the    Election  |  of  |  Two 
Knights     of    the     Shire  |  for    the  |  County    of 
Huntingdon  |  at  the  |  General  Election,  Thurs- 
day, April  2,  1857. 

Candidates 
James  Rust,  Esq.  ..  ..  ..      1192 

Edward  Fellowes,  Esq.      ..  ..  ..      1106 

John  Moyer  Heathcote,  Esq.      ..          ..     1106 

Sir  John  Henry  Pelly,  Bart.,  High  Sheriff. 

Clement  Francis,  Esq.,  Under-Sheriff. 

Edward  Maule,  Esq.,  Auditor. 

Huntingdon  :  |  Printed  and  published  by 
Robert  Edis  :  To  be  had  of  all  Booksellers  in 
the  County:  and  of  Simpkin,  Marshall  and  Co., 
London. 

1857,  8vo,  pp.  82. 

10.  General  Election  |  1859  |  The  Poll  |  taken  at  | 
The  Election  |  of  |  Two  Knights  of  the  Shire  | 
to  serve   in    Parliament  |  for    the  |  County    of 
Huntingdon  |  before  |  John  Dunn  Gardner,  Esq., 
Sheriff  |  on  Thursday,  5th  May,  1859. 

Candidates. 

Edward  Fellowes,  Esq. 
Lord  Robert  Montagu 
John  Moyer  Heathcote,  Esq. 

Price  One  Shilling. 

S.  Neots :  |  Printed  and  Sold  by  David  R. 
Tomson ;  to  be  had  of  all  Booksellers  in  the 
County. 

1859,  8vo,  pp.  80. 

11.  Another  issue  with  different  title-page  and  an 
index.     8vo,  pp.  89. 

12.  13.  The    Bodleian  Library  has  two  MS.  Poll- 
Books,     1710     and    1713    (see    Gough's     MS. 
Huntingdon  3). 

HERBERT  E.  NORRIS. 
Cirencester. 


1404 
1314 

1068 


PLANTAGENET  TOMBS  AT  FONTEVRAULT. 
— Thanks  to  M.  Mory  of  Boulogne-sur-Mer, 
'  N.  &  Q.1  was  the  first  English  paper  to 
draw  attention  to  the  good  work  being 
carried  on  by  M.  Magne  at  the  Abbey  of 
Fontevrault.  While  excavating  the  nave 
of  the  church  he  has  had  the  good  fortune  to 
bring  to  light  the  tombs  of  the  Plantagenet 
kings  of  England.  Six  members  of  the 
Angevin  house  were  buried  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  transept,  although  only  four  statues 
remain  :  those  of  Richard  Cceur  de  Lion, 
Eleanor  de  Guyenne  (mother  of  Richard  I.), 
Henry  II.  Plantagenet,  and  Isabella  of 
Angouleme.  The  Daily  Telegraph  of  the 
23rd  of  August  contained  illustrations  of 
these,  as  well  as  of  the  basement  in  which 
the  tombs  and  the  four  coffins  were  dis- 
covered ;  and  on  the  following  day  the 
paper  gave  a  view  of  the  abbey  itself.  It 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  3,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


185 


was  found  that  during  the  alterations 
made  in  the  sixteenth  century,  the  builders 
had  not  hesitated  to  shorten  the  tomb  of 
Henry  II.,  for  when  M.  Magne  opened  it,  the 
head  and  a  portion  of  the  trunk  were  dis- 
covered to  be  placed  at  the  feet  of  the 
skeleton. 

Henceforth  the  Plantagenet  kings  will 
find  a  worthier  resting-place  for  their  remains 
within  the  restored  abbey  ;  but  in  a  leader 
which  The  Daily  Telegraph  of  the  24th  of 
August  devotes  to  the  subject,  regret  is 
expressed  "  that  the  crumbling  frames  of 
two  of  the  most  famous  of  our  kings  must 
still  be  denied  a  resting-place  in  English 
soil." 

In  the  illustrated  edition  of  Green's  '  Short 
History,'  vol.  i.  p.  212,  is  an  illustra- 
tion, taken  from  Stothard's  i  Monumental 
Effigies,'  of  the  effigy  of  Henry  II.  from  his 
tomb  at  Fontevraud.  Every  one  knows  how 
much  we  owe  to  the  editors  of  this  work, 
Mrs.  Green  and  Miss  Kate  Norgate,  for  the 
enthusiasm  and  labour  they  have  bestowed 
on  the  history  of  the  Angevin  kings. 

Mrs.  Green  in  'Henry  II.1  ("Twelve 
English  Statesmen ")  gives  a  graphic  de- 
scription of  the  "sudden,  terrible  thunder 
that  broke  from  the  still  air "  when  on 
the  4th  of  July,  1189,  Philip  met  Henry 
at  Colombieres,  and  made  his  crushing 
demands : — 

"  Both  kings  fell  back  with  superstitious  awe,  for 
there  had  been  no  warning  cloud  or  darkness. 
After  a  little  space  they  again  went  forward, 
and  again  out  of  the  serene  sky  came  a  louder  and 
yet  more  awful  peal.  Henry,  half  fainting  with 
uttering,  was  only  prevented  from  falling  to  the 
ground  by  the  friends  who  held  him  up  on  horse- 
back while  he  made  his  submission  to  his  rival 
and  accepted  the  terms  of  peace." 

Then  for  the  last  time  he  spoke  with  his 
faithless  son  Richard.  As  the  formal  kiss  of 
p< -ace  was  given,  the  count  caught  his 
father's  fierce  whisper,  "  May  God  not  let  me 
die  until  I  have  worthily  avenged  myself  on 
thee  !  " 

"The  great  king's  pride  was  bowed  in  the 
"rtremity  of  his  ruin  and  defeat.  '  Shame  ! '  he 


love. 

Henry  survived  the  signing  of  the  treaty 
but  two  days.  He  died  on  the  6th  of  July, 
1189,  and  on  the  following  day 

"his  body  was  borne  to  Fontevraud,  where  his 
sculptured  tomb  still  stands.  To  the  astonished 

lookers  at  the  great  tragedy,  the  grave  in  a  con- 
vent church,  separated  from  the  tombs  of  his 
Angevin  forefathers  and  of  his  Norman  ancestors, 

>r  from  his  English  kingdom,  seemed  part  of  the 


strange  disasters  foretold  by  Merlin  and  inspired: 
messengers.  But  no  ruler  of  his  age  had  raised  for 
himself  so  great  a  monument  as  Henry.  Amid  the 
ruin  that  overwhelmed  his  imperial  schemes,  his 
realm  of  England  stood  as  the  true  and  lasting 
memorial  of  his  genius.  Englishmen  then,  as  English- 
men now,  taught  by  the  '  remembrance  of  his  good 
times,'  recognized  him  as  one  of  the  foremost  on  the 
roll  of  those  who  have  been  the  makers  of  England's 
greatness." 

Every  Englishman  will  feel  grateful  to 
M.  Magne  and  to  the  French  Government 
for  these  important  and  interesting  dis- 
coveries. JOHN  COLLINS  FBANCIS. 

(To  be  concluded.) 

RUSSIAN  SAYING  :  SHEM,  HAM,  AND- 
JAPHET. — In  a  translator's  foot-note  to  a 
novel  of  Russian  exile  I  read  that  formerly 
in  Russia  and  Poland  it  was  said  that 
Japhet  was  the  father  of  the  nobility,  Shem 
of  the  Jews,  and  Ham  of  the  peasants  and 
humble  classes.  Apparently  the  name 
"  Ham ?s  still  clings  to  peasants  in  some 
districts.  FBANCIS  P.  MABCHANT. 

Streatham  Common. 

TAMMANY  AND  ENGLAND.  —  A  very 
curious  early  mention  of  Tammany,  and  in 
connexion  with  England,  is  to  be  found  in 
No.  16  of  The  Oracle  :  Bell's  New  World, 
published  in  London  18  June,  1789.  Under 
the  heading  '  United  States J  is  a  com- 
munication from  Albany,  New  York, 
saying  : — 

"Yesterday,  April  23,  being  the  Anniversary  of 
St.  George,  the  Patron  Saint  of  England,  the  day 
was  celebrated  by  the  Sons  of  St.  George  and  Gentle- 
men Visitors  who  dined  together  at  Lewis's  Tavern. 
After  dinner  [eleven]  toasts  were  drank." 

Of  these,  the  third  was  "The  United 
States  of  America'1;  the  fourth,  "That 
llustrious  Son  of  St.  George,  George  Washing- 
ton, President  of  the  United  States  M  ;  the 
ninth,  "  The  King  of  Great  Britain. — May  a 
speedy  and  lasting  Alliance  take  Place 
between  that  Nation  and  the  United  States, 
on  the  basis  of  reciprocal  interest  "  ;  and 
the  tenth,  "  May  the  Sons  of  St.  George,  St. 
Nicholas,  and  St.  Patrick,  long  smoke 
together  the  Calumet  of  Cordiality  in  St. 
Tammany's  Wigman  "  (?  Wigwam). 

A  special  interest  attaches  to  the  mention 
of  "  St.  Tammany's  Wigwam "  in  this 
paragraph,  and  notably  to  the  date  of  that 
nention,  for,  according  to  the  generally 
accepted  history  of  the  Society  of  Tam- 
many or  Columbian  Order,  the  famous  New 
York  organization — distinct,  however,  from 
;he  purely  Democratic  "Tammany" — held 
ts  first  meeting  on  12  May,  1789,  just  three 


186 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  IL  SEPT.  3, 1910. 


weeks  alter  the  drinking  of  this  toast  in  the 
capital  of  New  York  State.  '  The  World 
Almanac  and  Encyclopaedia  for  1910,'  pub- 
lished at  New  York,  gives  (p.  547)  the 
following  account  of  it  : — 

"  This  organization  was  formed  in  1789,  being  the 
effect  of  a  popular  movement  in  New  York  having 
primarily  in  view  a  counter-weight  to  the  so-called 
*  aristocratic'  Society  of  the  Cincinnati.  Itwasessen- 
tially  anti-Federalist  or  democratic  in  its  character, 
and  its  chief  founder  was  William  Mooney,  an 
upholsterer  and  a  native-born  American  of  Irish 
extraction.  It  took  its  first  title  from  a  noted 
ancient,  wise,  and  friendly  chief  of  the  Delaware 
tribe  of  Indians,  named  Tammany,  who  had,  for  the 
want  of  a  better  subject,  been  canonized  by  the 
soldiers  of  the  Revolution  as  the  American  patron 
saint.  The  first  meeting  \vas  held  May  12,  1789. 
The  Act  of  Incorporation  was  passed  in  1805.  The 
Grand  Sachem  and  thirteen  Sachems  were  designed 
to  typify  the  President  and  the  Governors  of  the 
thirteen  original  States.  William  Mooney  was  the 
first  Grand  Sachem.  The  Society  is  nominally  a 
charitable  and  social  organization,  and  is  distinct 
from  the  General  Committee  of  the  Tammany 
Democracy,  which  is  a  political  organization,  and 
cannot  use  Tammany  Hall  without  the  consent  of 
the  Society." 

It  may  be  added  that  the  officers,  in 
addition  to  the  Grand  Sachem,  the  thirteen 
Sachems,  a  Secretary,  and  a  Treasurer,  are  a 
Sagamore  and  a  Wiskinskie — whatever  these 
presumably  Indian  terms  may  precisely 
mean.  ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

[The  'N.E.D.'  treats  "Sagamore"  as=Sachem.] 

BELGIAN  STUDENTS'  SONG. — The  subjoined 
students'-  song  dates  from  the  ^cole  des 
Mines  at  Liege  about  1883.  How  much 
older  than  that  it  may  be  I  cannot  say  ;  but 
it  seems  worth  putting  on  record  as  a  more 
or  less  faithful  transcript  of  what  Belgian 
students  used  to  sing  in  chorus  a  quarter  of  a 
century  ago.  I  decline  to  be  responsible  for 
all  the  calembours,  as  it  was  taken  down  by 
word  of  mouth,  and  I  have  never  seen  it  in 
print. 

Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  un  : 

II  n'y  a  qu'un  seul  Dieu 
Qui  regne  au  firmament. 
Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  deux  : 

II  y  a  deux  testaments  : 
L'ancien  et  le  nouveau. 

Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  trois  : 

II  y  a  trois-cadero. 
Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  quatre  : 

II  y  a  Quatre'rine  de  Russie. 
Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  cinq  : 

II  y  a  saint  du  Palais  Royal. 
Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  six  : 

II  y  a  le  six-teme  me"trique. 
Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  sept : 

II  y  a  que  cet-air-ci  m'embete: 


Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  huit : 
II  y  a  huitres  d'Ostende. 

Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  neuf  : 
II  y  a  n'oeuf  a  la  coque. 

Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  dix  : 
II  y  a  dis-moi  si  tu  m'aimes. 

Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  onze  : 
II  y  a  on  s'amuse  ici. 

Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  douze  : 
II  y  a  d'ou-ce-que-tu-viens  ? 

Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  treize  : 
11  y  a  tres-sympathique. 

Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  quatorze  : 
11  y  a  qu'a  ta  soeur  done  faite  ? 

Je  crois  qu'il  y  a  quinze  : 
II  n'y  a  qu'un  seul  Dieu 
Qui  regne  au  firmament ! 

FRANK  SCHLOESSEB. 

DICKENS' s  '  THE  HAUNTED  MAN  AND  THE 
GHOST'S  BARGAIN.'  —  I  do  not  recollect 
having  seen  it  noted  that  the  illustration 
at  p.  105,  '  The  Exterior  of  the  Old  College,' 
after  C.  Stanfield,  R.A.,  embodies  a  view  of 
St.  John  Baptist  Hospital,  Sherborne, 
Dorset,  better  known  as  the  Alms  House, 
which  dates  from  the  fifteenth  century. 
Dickens  (1848)  describes  the  domicile  of  the 
Haunted  Man  as  "  squeezed  on  every  side 
by  the  overgrowing  of  the  great  city," 
which  obviously  does  not  point  to  Sher- 
borne ;  but  a  comparison  of  his  friend  Stan- 
field's  drawing  with  any  illustration  of  the 
cloister  and  chapel,  parts  of  the  building 
mentioned,  shows  the  identity  too  con- 
clusively to  admit  of  question.  W.  B.  H. 

BELT  FAMILY.  —  This  family  (see  8  S. 
xii.  128)  became  extinct  on  the  death  of 
William  John  Belt  of  Lincoln's  Inn.  His 
father  Robert  Belt  of  Bossall  (died  1839) 
married  Margaret  Gordon  (1785-1872),  sister 
of  Capt.  Peter  Gordon  the  explorer  (referred 
to  at  10  S.  iii.  283,  324  ;  11  S.  ii.  126).  Mr. 
W.  J.  Belt  was  keenly  interested  in  the 
history  of  his  family,  and  a  pedigree  of  his 
mother's  ancestors,  written  in  1887,  is  in 
the  possession  of  General  William  Gordon, 
C.I.E.  J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

118,  Pall  Mall,  S,W. 

GENERAL  WOLFE  ON  "  YANKEES." — Prof. 
Skeat  in  his  Dictionary,  quoting  from 
Webster,  gives  an  example  of  the  word 
"  yankee ''  as  used  in  1765  in  a  poem 
published  in  Boston,  and  also  states,  on 
the  authority  of  Dr.  W.  Gordon's  '  History 
of  the  American  War,'-  1789,  that  the  word 
was  used  by  the  students  at  Cambridge, 
Massachusetts,  as  far  back  as  1713,  and 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  3, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


187 


carried     thence    into   general  use  with  the 
meaning  of  excellent. 

It  may  be  of  interest  to  note  that  the 
word  as  a  name  for  the  American  colonists 
was  evidently  well  known  in  1758.  In 
Mr.  Beckles  Willson's  '  Life  and  Letters 
of  James  Wolfe,'  on  p.  376,  is  a  letter  frorr 
Wolfe  to  General  Amherst,  written  on 
19  June,  1758,  during  the  siege  of  Louisburg 

"DEAR  SIR, — My  posts  are  now  so  fortified  thai 
I  can  afford  you  the  two  companies  of  Yankees,  anc 
the  more  as  they  are  better  for  ranging  and  scouting 
than  either  work  or  vigilance." 

As  Wolfe  had  come  almost  directly  from 
England,  he  must  have  picked  up  the 
word  quickly,  and  probably  not  in  a  com- 
plimentary sense,  as  his  opinion  of  the 
colonial  troops  under  his  command  was 
very  low.  .  L.  F.  G. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"  TEEST." — This  is  said  to  be  the  name 
for  a  small  anvil  which  is  set  in  a  socket  on 
the  ordinary  anvil  or  bench.  I  should  be 
glad  to  know  if  the  term  is  in  ordinary 
English  use  among  blacksmiths  or  others. 
Is  anything  known  as  to  the  etymology  or 
source  of  the  word,  or  of  its  occurrence 
before  1877  ?  J.  A.  H.  MUBKAY. 

Oxford. 

"  SCRUTO." — This  word  is  given  in  '  The 
Century  Dictionary  *  (1891)  with  the  follow- 
ing definition :  "In  theaters,  a  movable 
trap  or  doorway,  constructed  of  strips  of 
wood  or  whalebone,  which  springs  into 
place  after  being  used  for  quick  appearances 
and  disappearances."  I  have  not  met  with 
the  word  in  its  simple  form  anywhere  else, 
but  the  compound  scruto-work  occurs  in 
two  quotations  from  Punch  :  "  Gorgeous 
transformations,  on  which  paint,  coloured 
foils,  Dutch  metal,  ossidew  sloats,  scruto- 
work,  gas-battens,  and  all  the  resources  of 
*  sink  and  fly  *  have  been  lavished  "  (5  Feb., 
1859,  p.  58),  and  "  A  land  of  sloats  and  stays, 
I  And  scruto-work  and  profiling,  |  And 
shivering  coryphees  "  (12  Jan.,  1861,  p.  14). 

I  should  be  glad  to  be  furnished  with  any 
earlier  example  of  the  word,  or  any  informa- 
tion about  its  use  or  etymology. 

HENRY  BRADLEY. 
Oxford. 


SIR  WILLIAM  STEPHENSON. — Can  any 
one  tell  me  who  was  the  wife  of  Sir  William 
Stephenson,  Lord  Mayor  of  London  in  1764  ? 

SiY  William  left  his  large  fortune  between 
his  three  daughters.  Of  these  Anne  married 
John  Sawbridge,  Lord  Mayor  of  London  in 
1775  ;  and  Alice  became  the  wife  of  her 
cousin  Henry  Stephenson  of  East  Burnham, 
Bucks,  and  Cox  Lodge,  Newcastle-on-Tyne, 
and  was  the  mother  of  the  second  Countess 
of  Mexborough.  Who  was  Sir  William's 
other  daughter  ?  and  who  is  the  male  repre- 
sentative of  Sir  William  Stephenson' s  family  ? 
Was  there  any  foreign  blood  in  the  family  ? 

Answers  can  be  sent  direct  to 

LADY  RUSSELL. 
Swallowfield  Park,  Reading. 

SECRETARIES  TO  THE  LORDS  LIEUTENANT 
OF  IRELAND  AND  OTHER  IRISH  OFFICIALS. — 
Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  supply  me  with 
a  list  of  Secretaries  to  the  Lords  Lieutenant 
of  Ireland  from  the  Restoration  to  the  death 
of  Anne  ?  I  have  made  a  rough  list  for 
myself,  which,  however,  has  many  lacunae,. 
(I  do  not  mean  Secretaries  of  State  in  Ireland, 
which  was  a  different  office. ) 

Also  I  should  be  glad  to  know  the  dates 
o±  death  of  Sir  Paul  Davys  and  Sir  John 
Davys,  Secretaries  of  State  in  Ireland  temp. 
Charles  II. ;  Sir  William  Davys,  Chief  Justice 
of  King's  Bench  1680-87  ;  Sir  Edward  Smith, 
Chief  Justice  of  Common  Pleas  1665-9  ; 
Henry  Hene,  Chief  Baron  of  Exchequer 
1679-87  ;  Thomas  Kelly,  Justice  of  Common 
Pleas  1784-1801  ;  and  Edward  Webster, 
Secretary  to  Lord  Lieutenant  1717-20. 

ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 
Leamington. 

ISLINGTON  HISTORIANS. — I  shall  be  much 
obliged  for  any  reference  to  biographical 
data  relating  to  John  Nelson,  1779-1835(?), 
or  Samuel  Lewis,  jun.,  1810(?)-1871(?), 
the  historians  of  Islington.  Of  the  first 
named  it  is  known  that  he  was  born  in 
Southwark  and  was  the  grandson  of  Robert 
Nelson,  author  of  '  The  Festivals  and  Fasts,' 
&c.  It  was  this  that  brought  him  to  the 
notice  of  John  Nichols,  F.S.A.,  who  en- 
trusted him  with  the  material  brought 
together  for  the  history  of  Islington.  I  am 
nformed  that  a  great  deal  of  his  correspond- 
ence still  exists,  and  should  very  much  like 
:o  have  sight  of  it. 

Lewis  was  the  son  of  the  Rev.  S.  Lewis,  a 
very  popular  local  clergyman.  Apparently 
his  was  considered  his  only  claim  to 
posthumous  fame,  but  his  history  is  a  very 
rood  work,  although  not  profound.  In  its 
^reparation  he  must  have  had  the  friendly 


188 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  11.  SEPT.  3, 1910. 


assistance  of  some  better -known  antiquaries, 
as  his  other  writings  do  not  indicate  any 
special  ability  in  this  direction. 

ALECK  ABKAHAMS. 

BELL'S  EDITIONS  OF  THE  POETS.  —  I 
should  be  obliged  to  any  one  who  could  tell 
me  how  many  works  were  published  by 
Bell  in  his  "  British  Library  from  Chaucer 
to  Churchill,"  with  the  names  of  the  several 
authors.  In  116  vols.  lately  picked  up,  I 
find  23  that  are  not  in  Cooke's  list  (see  7  S. 
xii.  107,  213). 

Cooke  speaks  of  Johnson's  as  well  as  of 
Bell's  editions.  What  do  Johnson's  editions 
comprise,  and  are  these  in  size  octodecimo, 
as  Cooke' s  and  Bell's  ?  The  engravings  in 
Cooke  exceed  those  in  Bell  in  number,  but 
in  both  they  are  of  the  highest  order,  being 
after  Kirke,  Corbould,  Bewick,  Singleton, 
Neagle,  Anker  Smith,  Stodart,  Angelica 
Kauffman,  Cipriani,  Bartolozzi,  Grignion, 
Sherwin,  &c.  HAROLD  MALET,  Col. 

GIBBON  ON  THE  CLASSICS. — I  have  in  my 
library  a  copy  of  the  third  edition  of  '  A 
View  of  the  Various  Editions  of  the  Greek 
and  Roman  Classics,  with  Remarks,  by 
Edward  Harwood,  D.D.1  Pinned  on  the 
fly -leaf  is  a  piece  of  paper  with  the  following 
MS.  note  :— 

"Edwd.  Hibjame,  January,  1799.  The  observa- 
tions herein  inserted  are  those  of  Edw.  Gibbon,  Esq. 
1  copied  them  from  his  MSS.  observations  inserted 
in  the  third  edition,  which  descended  with  other 
books  to  Lord  Sheffield,  who  gave  it  to  Mr.  Wood- 
ward, by  whose  kindness  I  obtained  the  privilege  of 
extracting  them.  I  have  reason  from  what  Dr. 
Raine  said  to  believe  the  remarks  just,  and 
Dr.  Symonds  thinks  the  same,  particularly  his 

observations  on ." 

Something  is  evidently  missing  here  ?  Can 
any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.*  give  information 
concerning  the  present  whereabouts  of 
Edward  Gibbon's  copy  ?  Gibbon's  remarks 
are  about  sixty  in  number,  and  some  are 
decidedly  curious  and  interesting.  Here  are 
three  specimens  : — 

"  I  am  by  no  means  ungrateful  for  the  discovery 
of  this  Mythological  Hymn  [to  Ceres]  ;  yet  I  should 
be  far  more  delighted  with  the  resurrection  of  the 
*  Margites '  of  Homer,  the  picture  of  private  life  and 
the  model  of  antient  Comedy.  What  a  Universal 
Genius  !  We  may  think  indeed  of  Shakespeare  and 
Voltaire." 

"  West  has  learning,  good  sense,  and  a  tolerable 
style  of  versification.  But  Gray  and  Dryden  alone 
should  have  translated  the  Odes  of  Pindar,  and  they 
did  much  better  than  translate." 

"Le  Theatre  des  Grecs,  par  le  pere  Brumoy 

Like  most  of  the  Jesuits,  Brumoy  was  a  literary 
bigot  and  a  superficial  scholar.  Instead  of  studying 
the  original,  he  uses  and  abuses  the  Latin  ver- 
sion  " 

ANDREW  DE  TERNANT. 

25,  Speenham  Road,  Brixton,  S.W. 


OATCAKE  AND  WHISKY  AS  EUCHABISTIC 
ELEMENTS. — The  Rev.  J.  B.  Craven,  D.D., 
in  his  '  Journals  of  Bishop  Robert  Forbes  * 
(London,  1886,  p.  182),  states  that 

"  Mr.  John  Maitland  was  attached  to  Lord  Ogilvie's 
regiment  in  the  service  of  Prince  Charles,  1745.  He 
administered  the  Holy  Eucharist  to  Lord  Strath- 
allan  on  Culloden  field  (where  that  nobleman 
received  his  death  wound),  it  is  said  with  oatcake 
arid  whisky,  the  requisite  elements  not  being 
obtainable. 

Dr.  Craven  tells  me  that  the  story  came 
to  him  from  the  late  Rev.  J.  F.  S.  Gordon,. 
D.D.  I  should  be  glad  to  learn  what  autho- 
rity there  is  for  it,  and  whether  the  use  of 
oatcake  and  whisky  as  Eucharistic  elements 
is  recorded  in  other  instances. 

P.  J.  ANDEBSON. 

University  Library,  Aberdeen. 

KIPLING  AND  THE  SWASTIKA.  —  In  the 
uniform  six-shilling  edition  of  Rudyard 
Kip  ling's  works  (Macmillan  &  Co.)  there 
is  stamped,  in  a  medallion  on  the  cover,  an 
elephant's  head  in  profile,  with  a  lotos 
flower  depending  from  the  trunk,  and  a 
swastika  in  a  space  opposite  the  point  where 
the  right  eye  would  be.  In  this  case  the 
upper  extremity  of  the  vertical  bar  of  the 
figure  is  turned  to  the  right  of  the  beholder  ; 
but  inside  the  cover,  where  there  is  a  circle 
enclosing  the  author's  autograph  ensigned 
by  another  swastika,  the  bar  is  turned  to  the 
left.  I  do  not  doubt  the  symbolism  of  the 
variation,  and  should  like  to  know  what 
Mr.  Kipling  means  to  indicate  (1)  by  using  the 
sign  at  all,  and  (2)  by  using  it  in  these  two 
forms.  Does  any  correspondent  of  '  N.  &  Q.* 
hold  a  clue  ?  ST.  S  WITHIN. 

AUTHOBS    OF     QUOTATIONS     WANTED.  — 
Can  any  correspondent  supply  the  complete 
p0em — set  to  music,  and  a  favourite  parlour 
song  say  forty  years  ago — part  of  which  are  as 
follows  ? — 

Then  come  to  me  and  bring  with  thee 

The  sunny  smile  of  former  years, 
If  smiles  so  bright  will  lend  their  light 
To  cheer  a  brow  long  used  to  tears. 

I  will  not  let  one  sad  regret, 
One  gloomy  thought,  our  meeting  chill, 

But  for  thy  sake  I'll  try  to  make 
This  altered  brow  look  cheerful  still. 

Roncegno,  Austrian  Tyrol. 

I  should  feel  grateful  if  you  or  one  of  your 
readers  would  enlighten  me  as  to  the  author- 
ship  of  the  poem  commencing  "Adieu, 
plaisant  pays  de  France,"  sung  by  Mary, 
Queen  of  Scots.  J-  HILL. 

["Adieu,  charmant  pays  de  France,"  is  from 
Beranger's  '  Adieu  de  Marie  Stuart.'] 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  3, 1910. j       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


189 


SHAKESPEARE  AND  PEEPING  TOM. — Can 
the  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.1  tell  me  anything 
of  a  brass  casting  I  possess  ?  In  the  middl< 
is  a  half-length  representation  of  Shake 
speare,  with  his  name  in  the  semicircular  top 
but  why  below  should  appear  a  nickname 
"  Peeping  Tom  n  ?  Is  there  any  idea  thai 
Shakespeare  wrote  a  play  entitled  '  Peeping 
Tom s  ?  It  is  only  a  suggestion,  but 
Peeping  Tom  belonged  to  Coventry,  which 
is  in  Warwickshire,  Shakespeare's  county, 
and  so  there  is  a  sort  of  leaning  to  the  idea 
that  he  may  have  brought  out  a  play  con- 
nected with  the  story  of  Lady  Godiva. 
Replies  may  be  sent  to  me  direct. 

HENRY  HUGHES  CRAWLEY. 
Stowe-Nine-Churches  Rectory,  Weedon. 

DUKE  OF  GRAFTON,  EAST  IN^IAMAN,  AND 
WARREN  HASTINGS. — Can  any  one  in  the 
companionship  of  '  N.  &  Q.s  tell  me  any 
thing  about  the  Duke  of  Graf  ton,  East  India 
man,  in  which  Warren  Hastings  sailed  for 
India  for  the  second  time  on  the  23rd  of 
March,  1769  ?  It  was  on  board  this  vessel 
that  he  met  the  Baron  and  Baroness  von 
Imhoff,  the  latter  of  whom  he  subsequently 
married.  I  have  the  log  of  the  succeeding 
voyage,  1771  to  1773,  when  Samuel  Bull  was 
her  commander.  Can  any  one  tell  me  who 
was  her  commander  on  the  former  eventful 
voyage  ? 

According  to  a  legend  in  the  family  at  Fal- 
mouth,  the  Duke  of  Grafton  was  lost  on 
the  Nantucket  Shoals  about  1777.  In 
the  drawing-room  at  "  Marlborough,"  Fal- 
mouth,  is  a  splendid  painting  of  the  ship 
in  three  positions  in  the  Thames  by  Robert 
Cleverly  (1747-1809,  see  'D.N.B.'),  the 
well-known  marine  painter  of  those  days. 

I  rather  fancy  that  Samuel  Bull  was 
related  to  the  Thomas  Bull  inquired  for  at 
7  S.  ix.  327  by  MAC  ROBERT.  I  have  the 
pedigree  of  the  family  back  to  1727. 

WILLIAM  BULL. 

BOOK-COVERS  :  "  YELLOW  BACKS."— Can 
any  reader  inform  me  of  the  date  of  origin  of 
the  covers  of  cheap  novels  in  vogue  last 
century,  and  sometimes  called  ' '  yellow 
backs  "  ?  The  covers  consisted  of  paper 
boards  of  a  yellow  colour  bearing  a  pictorial 
design, .  usually  printed  in  colours.  Is  there 
any  printed  matter  on  the  subject  ? 

BIBLIOPHILE. 

ANONYMOUS  WORKS. — Can  any  reader  of 
(  N.  &  Q.1  kindly  oblige  me  with  the  name  of 
the  author  of  (1)  'The  Gaol  Chaplain,1  (2) 
'  Notes  from  the  Diary  of  a  Coroner's  Clerk,1 


(3)  '  Leaves  from  the  Diary  of  a  Freemason  J  ? 
I  should  also  be  glad  to  know  if  the  author 
of  these  wrote  any  other  books.  The  author 
was  evidently  educated  at  Exeter  Grammar 
School,  under  Dr.  Lempriere,  and  was  after- 
wards, I  believe,  a  master  in  the  school 
with  one  Osborne,  and  eventually  took 
Holy  Orders.  Inquiries  made  locally  have 
not  been  successful. 

W.  G.  WILLIS  WATSON. 
19,  Park  Road,  Exeter. 

'  LE  PAYS  AN  PERVERTI.' — Will  any  one 
kindly  give  me  the  name  of  the  author  of 
*  Le  Paysan  Perverti  *  and  a  list  of  his  other 
works  ?  BLADUD. 

'  JULIAN'S  VISION.*  —  Can  any  reader 
kindly  oblige  me  by  saying  who  is  the  author 
of  '  Julian's  Vision,*  which  was  published, 
I  think,  about  1897  ?  N.  L.  T. 

'A  DAY  WITH  CROMWELL.' — The  author 
in  his  preface  states  that  '  A  Day  with  Crom- 
well :  a  Drama  of  History  in  Five  Acts  * 
(8vo,  80  pp.,  1869,  printed  by  Odell  &  Ives, 
Princes  Street,  Cavendish  Square)  was 
written  to  relieve  the  writer  "  from  the  too 
engrossing  pursuits  and  cares  of  an  active 
career  in  science,'1  and  that  it  was  "sub- 
mitted to  the  ordeal  of  representation  on  the 
stage  at  the  suggestion  of  an  accomplished 
actor,  Mr.  J.  C.  Cowper."  The  time  of  the 
play  is  limited  to  twenty-four  hours, 
8-9  May,  1657,  and  the  scene  is  the  palace  of 
Westminster  at  the  height  of  the  Protector's 
power. 

Perhaps  some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.1  can 
solve  the  question  of  the  authorship  of  this 
anonymous  work.  R.  B. 

Upton. 

FATHER  SMITH,  THE  ORGAN  BUILDEB,  AND 
UPHAM. — In  this  churchyard  is  a  tomb- 
stone— said  to  have  formerly  been  in  the 
chancel — to  the  memory  of  Anne,  wife  of 
Mr.  Bernard  Smith,  who  is  quaintly  described 
~>s  "  one  of  His  Majesty's  servants,  and 
hief  of  all  that  this  nation  has  known  in  the 
art  of  making  organs."  Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  who  Mrs.  Smith  was,  and 
what  was  her  connexion  with  tlpham  ?  It 
eems  strange  that,  unless  she  was  con- 
nected with  the  place,  the  famous  organ- 
guilder  should  have  selected  for  her  burying- 
place  an  out-of-the-way  country  village, 
>f  which  the  only  claims  to  celebrity  are 
liat  it  was  the  birthplace  of  Edward 
Y"oung,  author  of  the  *  Night  Thoughts  '  ; 
hat  it  contains  the  grave  of  Sir  Robert 
balder,  who  fought  a  battle  with  the  French 


190 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  3, 1910. 


fleet  shortly  before  Trafalgar  ;  and  that  its 
church  was  used  as  a  stable  by  Cromwell's 
troopers. 

Mrs.  Smith  died  in  1698,  her  husband  ten 
years  later.  E.  L.  H.  TEW. 

Uphara  Rectory,  Southampton. 

THEOPHILUS  FEILD  was  admitted  to 
Westminster  School  in  July,  1720,  aged  12. 
Particulars  of  parentage  and  career  are 
desired.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

FBANCIS  VENTBIS  FIELD  was  admitted  to 
Westminster  School  14  January,  1772. 
Particulars  of  parentage  and  career  are 
desired.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

FBANK  NICHOLLS,  1699-1778. — I  should 
be  glad  to  know  what  authority  there  is  for 
the  statement  in  the  '  Diet,  of  Nat.  Biog.,* 
xl.  437,  that  tficholls  was  educated  at  West- 
minster School.  What  was  his  mother's 
name  ?  She  is  said  to  have  come  from 
Cornwall.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

THE  "  SOVEBEIGN  "  OF  KINSALE. — I  take 
the  following  from  The  Penny  London  Post ; 
or,  The  Morning  Advertiser,  of  2-4  January, 
1750-51  :— 

"  Extract  of  a  letter  from  Kinsale,  Dec.  20. 
"Henry  Massy,   Esq.;  our   Sovereign,  has  ap- 
pointed     Mr.      Charles      Newman,     Apothecary, 
Chamberlain  of  this  Corporation,  in  the  room  of 
Mr.  Hawley  Dennis,  deceased.' " 

What  is  the  meaning  of  "  our  Sovereign  " 
in  this  statement,  which  apparently  is 
seriously  meant  ?  ALFBED  F.  ROBBINS. 

LEGACY  TO  THE  FIBST  LOBD  BBOUGHAM. — 
To  what  does  the  following,  extracted  from 
the  late  John  Camden  Hotten's  Topo- 
graphical Catalogue  of  about  1862,  relate  ? 

*'  7653.  The  '  Case '  of  the  Rt.  Hon.  Lord  Brougham 
and  Miss  Angela  and  Charlotte  Willmett,  nieces 
and  only  surviving  relatives  of  the  late  Miss  Mary 
Flaherty,  who,  at  84,  left  his  Lordship  30.000/.— 
Newport,  Monmouthshire,  1861." 

I  find  no  mention  of  such  an  occurrence  in 
the  usual  works  of  reference.  W.  B.  H. 

BASIL  THE  GREAT. — What  is  the  explana- 
tion of  a-Tradr)  in  the  following  sentence 
in  Basil  (Migne%  xxxii.  1269A)  ? 
avdpwroi  ^  //.e^  ^/awi/  a-reVoi/res 
cnraOrj  TOV  o8vp/j,ov  ov  SwrjcrovraL.  The 
translation  in  Migne  is  :  "Nee  si  homines 
omnes  nobiscum  gemant  inf ortunio  planctum 
adaequare  poterunt."  It  seems  impossible 
to  get  this  out  of  the  original.  Editions  and 
translations  in  the  British  Museum  have 
been  searched  in  vain.  HENBIETTA. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    LONDON. 
(11  S.  i.  407,  495  ;   ii.  53,  113.) 

THEBE  are,  as  W.  S.  S.  remarks,  two  ways 
of  compiling  a  bibliography  of  London. 
There  is  the  good,  accurate  way,  in  which 
the  work  is  undertaken  as  a  labour  of  love  ; 
and  there  is  the  bad,  perfunctory  way,  in 
which  it  is  done  at  the  bidding  of  a  task- 
master. But  the  scope  of  a  bibliography  is 
a  different  thing  from  the  way  in  which  it  is 
compiled,  and  on  this  point  I  fear  I  cannot 
go  as  far  as  your  correspondent.  To  include 
in  a  bibliography  of  London  "  every  book, 
pamphlet,  or  single  sheet  published,  printed, 
or  written  in  London  1J  is,  in  my  opinion, 
totally  unnecessary,  partly  because  the 
work  has  been  already  done  more  or  less 
completely  by  Lowndes,  Allibone,  Hazlitt, 
and  other  bibliographers,  and  partly  because 
it  is  in  excess  of  the  information  usually 
required  by  London  students.  If  we  include 
in  a  bibliography  of  London  every  book 
printed  in  London,  we  might  just  as  well 
insert  in  it  a  biography  of  every  person  who 
has  been  born  in  London.  With  regard  to 
the  provinces,  the  case  is  different.  No 
bibliography  of  Exeter  or  Nottingham  would 
be  complete  without  an  account  of  the  pro- 
ductions of  the  presses  of  those  towns.  The 
output  of  London  is  too  vast  to  be  treated 
in  this  way. 

The  student  of  London  history  and  topo- 
graphy wishes  to  be  put  in  the  way  of 
acquiring  knowledge  on  any  subject  con. 
nected  with  the  field  of  inquiry  in  which  he 
happens  to  be  specially  interested  at  any 
given  time.  For  this  purpose,  every  book, 
article,  or  map  which  has  the  slightest  bear- 
ing on  his  studies  should  be  included  in  the 
proposed  bibliography.  The  work  should  be 
divided  into  two  sections,  the  first  embracing 
books  of  a  general  nature,  such  as  Stow, 
Strype,  Maitland,  Cunningham,  Wheatley, 
and  many  others  ;  and  the  second  com- 
prising books  dealing  with  the  special  history 
of  the  parishes  and  districts  into  which 
London  is  divided.  The  term  "  London  '* 
might  be  held  to  include  the  London  County 
Council  area.  Every  work  should  be  accu- 
rately described,  not  perhaps  to  the  minute 
extent  which  is  dear  to  the  collector  of  first 
editions,  but  far  enough  to  enable  the 
student  to  be  assured  that  any  book  in  his 
possession  is  perfect  and  complete.  If  a 
book  is  illustrated,  a  list  of  those  illustrations 
which  are  separate  from  the  text  should  be 


ii  s.  IL  SEPT.  3,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


191 


added.  This  is  important,  because  it  is 
sometimes  difficult  for  the  student  to  know 
if  his  books  are  complete  in  this  respect. 
To  take  an  instance,  not  one  in  a  dozen 
copies  of  Prickett's  '  History  of  Highgate  ' 
possesses  the  correct  number  of  plates,  and 
as  no  list  of  illustrations  is  given  in  the  book, 
it  requires  some  expert  knowledge  to  ascer- 
tain if  any  particular  copy  is  perfect. 

Such  a  work  could  best  be  accomplished 

by  means  of  a  club  or  society  undertaking 

it  on  co-operative  lines,  as  it  is  not  likely 

that  any  publisher   would  risk  his  money 

on  it.     A  hundred  members  with  an  annual 

subscription  of  a  guinea  should  be  able  to 

complete  the  task  in  five  years.     I  venture 

to    think    that    this    is    the    only    practical 

|   method    of    successfully    executing    a    work 

|    which  would  be  of  undoubted  utility  and 

;   value  ;   but  in  order  to  start  it?  a  young  and 

;   enthusiastic  "  navvy  "  is  required. 

W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

Evidently  W.  S.  S.  has  misunderstood 
the  query  at  the  first  reference,  or  at  least 
j  my  suggestions  when  replying.  Nobody  has 
proposed  to  include,  for  example,  all  the 
books,  periodicals,  &c.,  issued  in  the  parishes 
of  St.  Bride  and  St.  Dunstan-in-the-West 
in  any  bibliography  of  London.  It  is  the 
topography  and  history  only  that  have  been 
dealt  with  in  the  bibliographies  already 
attempted,  and  this  is  as  much  as  could  be 
accomplished  with  any  probability  of  final 
success. 

Sonnenschein's  *  Best  Books ?  is  of  no 
value  in  this  connexion,  and  the  sections  of 
the  B.M.  Catalogue  are  not  of  great  im- 
portance. The  best  method  would  be  to 
form  bibliographies  of  the  boroughs,  parishes, 
or  the  sub-sections  adopted  in  the  Guild- 
hall Catalogue.  We  should  thus  obtain 
satisfactory  fragments  of  the  long-sought 
whole.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 


'OLIVER  TWIST'  ON  THE  STAGE  IN  1838 
(11  S.  ii.  129). — The  following  is  taken  from 
the  editorial  notes  in  The  Dickensian  for 
August,  1905  :— 

"  The  first  [dramatized  version  of  '  Oliver  Twist'] 
was  produced  on  May  21st,  1838,  at  the  Pavilion 
Theatre,  before  the  story  was  half  finished  in  serial 
form.  It  was  adapted  by  C.  Z.  Barnett.  The  second 
version  was  by  George  Almar,  and  was  first  per- 
formed at  the  Surrey  Theatre,  November  19th,  1838  ; 
whilst  three  other  separate  versions,  one  at  Sadler's 
Wells,  another  at  the  Adelphi,  and  another  at  the 
City  of  London,  were  seen  on  the  London  stage 
before  the  close  of  the  year.  The  story,  in  three 
volumes,  appeared  in  October,  1838. 

'From  then  up  to  the  present  day  only  two 
other  versions,  apparently,  have  been  played  in 


London,  one  at  the  Queen's  Theatre  in  Long  Acre, 
when  a  '  new'  version,  prepared  by  John  Oxenford, 

was  given  on  April  llth,  1868 ;   the  other  by 

Mr.  Oswald  Brand,  at  the  Grand  Theatre,  Islington, 

March  30th,  1903 

"Dickens  made  two  propositions  to  dramatize, 
or  to  collaborate  in  dramatizations  of  '  Oliver 
Twist,'  but  neither  came  to  anything.  One  was 
to  Macready,  in  November,  1838.  The  great  actor 
appreciated  the  kindness  arid  generous  intention  of 
Dickens,  but  assured  him  of  the  utter  impractica- 
bility of  the  book  for  dramatic  purposes.  The  other 
was  to  Frederick  Yates,  and  although  no  arrange- 
ments were  consummated  between  them,  Yates 
produced  a  version,  which  was  given  at  the  Adelphi 
referred  to  above." 

The  dramatized  version  by  Mr.  J.  Comyns 
Carr  was  produced  at  His  Majesty's  Theatre 
on  10  July,  1905. 

According  to  Forster  the  Adelphi  repre- 
sentation was  "  by  a  theatrical  adapter 
named  Stirling.'1  Dickens  appears  to  have 
witnessed  this  production  and  also  that  by 
Almar  at  the  Surrey  Theatre  (see  Forster's 
'  Life,*  Book  II.  chap.  iv.). 

In  Mr.  John  P.  Anderson's  Bibliography  at 
the  end  of  Sir  Frank  T.  Marzials's  '.Life 
of  Dickens  J  ("  Great  Writers  "  Series)  the 
adaptations  of  Barnett  and  Almar  only  are 
mentioned.  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

The  Literary  Gazette,  31  March,  1838,  is 
responsible  for  the  following  : — 

"  '  Oliver  Twist,'  a  piece  so  called,  was  produced 
here  [St.  James's  Theatre],  and  we  regret  to  say, 
acted  with  great  ability ;  for  a  thing  more  unfit  for 
any  stage  except  that  of  a  Penny  Theatre  we  never 
saw.  We  believe  it  was  a  benefit  piece,  but  still 
the  management  ought  to  have  objected  to  it." 

At  this  time  Webster,  Wright,  Miss  Allison 
(Mrs.  Seymour),  and  Mrs.  Stirling  were 
members  of  the  St.  James's  company. 

Biographies  and  bibliographies  of  Charles 
Dickens  make  no  mention  of  any  dramatic 
version  by  him  of  '  Oliver  Twist.1  The 
story  of  his  novel,  arranged  by  Edward 
Stirling,  was  first  given  in  dramatic  form 
at  the  Adelphi,  when  Frederick  Yates,  co- 
manager  with  Terry,  made  a  very  marked 
hit  as  Fagin.  Dickens,  as  John  Forster 
tells  us,  incessantly  complained  of  the 
stage  adaptations  of  his  works,  although 
he  had  sometimes  a  good  word  to  say  for 
the  actors,  and  notably  for  Yates's  per- 
formances in  his  more  eccentric  characters. 
ROBERT  WALTERS. 
[Reply  from  MB.  W.  SCOTT  next  week.] 

"STAPLE"  IN  PLACE-NAMES  (11  S.  ii. 
128). — The  A.-S.  stapol  simply  means  a 
wooden  post  or  pole  ;  and  Staple-ford 
merely  means  that  such  a  post  marked  the 


192 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       pi  s.  n.  SEPT.  3, 1910. 


position  of  the  ford.  Where  is  the  evidence 
that  it  ever  meant  a  sculptured  pillar  ?  I 
take  this  to  be  all  a  fantastic  dream.  More- 
over, any  etymological  dictionary  will 
show  that  staple  has  no  more  to  do  with 
steeple  than  papal  has  to  do  with  people. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

The  Stapeltons  of  Yorkshire,  whose  history 
has  been  written  by  Mr.  H.  E.  Chetwynd- 
Stapylton,  derive  their  name  from  Stapleton- 
on-Tees,  between  Richmond  and  Darlington. 
The  name  ' '  means  a  trading  village ; 
'  stapel,'  a  pile  or  heap,  denoting  a  place 
where  goods  were  collected  and  stored  for 
sale  ij  (Yorksh.  Arch.  Jour.,  viii.  67). 

W.  C.  B. 

There  are  no  remains  at  Stapleton,  Salop, 
of  such  a  "  stepol  "  as  the  one  at  Stapleford, 
Notts.  C.  C.  B. 

There  are  sixteen  place  -  names  with 
"  staple  "  in  them  given  in  the  *  Post  Office 
Directory,'  but,  with  the  exception  of 
Stapleford,  Notts,  I  have  not  heard  of  a 
pillar  or  post  connected  with  the  name. 
As  to  evidence  of  a  Saxon  origin,  there  is  the 
parish  and  village  of  Staple  in  East  Kent, 
very  near  to  Woodnesboro,  where  on  a  hill, 
north  of  the  churchyard,  the  Saxon  god 
Woden  was  said  to  have  been  worshipped. 
JOHN  BAVINGTON  JONES. 

Dover. 

"KING"  IN  PLACE-NAMES  (11  S.  ii.  130). 
— In  Fifeshire  a  series  of  names  between  the 
neighbourhood  of  Falkland  and  the  East 
Neuk  of  the  county  almost  certainly  ori- 
ginated through  the  residence  and  the  ac- 
tivities of  the  Stuarts.  Kingskettle,  which 
is  within  easy  reach  of  Falkland,  is  said  to 
be  on  the  site  of  the  royal  stables,  the  latter 
part  of  the  name  having  no  connexion  with 
gatherings  for  tea  on  remote  afternoons, 
but  vaguely  indicating  the  cattle  or  stock 
that  used  to  have  dignified  quarters  on  the 
spot.  Ten  or  twelve  miles  eastward  there 
is  an  obscure  "  King's  Park,"  which  is 
locally  believed  to  have  been  a  resting-place 
(with  a  convenient  "New  Inn  "  adjoining) 
when  the  King  of  the  Commons  or  one  of  his 
predecessors  was  conducting  a  hunting  party 
towards  an  outlying  point  of  the  "  Kingdom." 
Still  further  by  a  mile  or  two,  on  what  must 
have  been  the  direct  route  from  the  royal 
palace  to  the  wilderness,  is  "  Black  Boar's 
Park,"  which  is  traditionally  associated 
with  the  death  of  the  last  wild  boar  of  the 
district.  Close  by  is  "  Castle  Hill,"  wearing 
its  own  legendary  significance,  though 
revealing  not  a  trace  of  masonry.  A  little 


beyond  this  extends  Kingsmuir,  once,  no 
doubt,  brilliantly  alive  with  ' '  outriders  that 
loved  venerie,11  but  now  covered  by  a  cluster 
of  small,  well-cultivated  farms.  At  the 
extreme  point  of  the  tract  thus  indelibly 
associated  with  the  days  of  Falkland's 
glory  is  Kingsbarns,  which  looks  out  upon 
the  German  Ocean.  Although  no  longer 
possessing  such  granaries  as  must  have  been 
within  its  borders  when  mighty  hunters 
in  the  neighbourhood  needed  sustenance  for 
themselves  and  their  steeds,  it  is  a  thriving 
township  with  attractions  which  the  modern 
pilgrim  fully  appreciates. 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

Fife  affords  interesting  illustrations  of 
the  double  meaning  which  attaches  to  place- 
names  in  "  King."  A  number  of  such  names 
may  be  traced  to  Celtic  ceann,  a  head.  In 
'  The  Place-Names  of  Fife  and  Kinross,'  by 
the  late  W.  J.  N.  Liddall,  three  examples 
of  the  sort  appear — Kingask,  Kinghorn, 
and  Kinglassie.  But  the  association  with 
royalty  shares  in  the  explanation  of  certain 
of  these  place-names.  Kingsmuir  is  tra- 
ditionally regarded  as  a  hunting-ground  of 
the  Stuart  sovereigns  when  they  resided 
at  Falkland.  And  about  five  minutes*  walk 
from  where  I  write  there  is  a  field  yet  called 
the  Bang's  Park,  where  the  Scottish  kings 
are  said  to  have  halted  regularly  at  a  hostel 
on  their  way  to  Kingsmuir.  W.  B. 

Radermie,  Fifeshire. 

"  King  "  in  place-names  in  the  majority  of 
cases  implies,  I  should  say,  royal  ownership  ; 
but  in  some  cases  it  would  imply  the  owner- 
ship of  a  person  named  King.  In  Dover 
we  have  King  Street.  At  the  Conquest  this 
street  was  on  the  margin  of  the  estuary  of 
the  river  Dour,  which  was  called  King's 
Water,  on  which  there  was  a  mill  called 
Kingsmill.  That  mill  was  built  by  Bishop 
Odo,  the  Conqueror's  half-brother,  and  after 
that  bishop's  disgrace  it  reverted  to  the 
king,  and  was  royal  property  for  many 
centuries. 

Kingsland,  on  the  banks  of  the  Severn,  at 
Shrewsbury,  was,  I  think,  so  named  because 
it  was  Crown  land. 

JOHN  BAVINGTON  JONES. 
Dover. 

"  King  "  is  derived  from  the  Anglo-Saxon 
cyning,  a  king.  It  occurs  in  the  names  of 
numerous  places  which  are  known  to  have 
been  residences,  or  manors,  of  Saxon,  Danish, 
or  English  monarchs.  Kingston-upon-Hull 
was  purchased  by  Edward  I.  Kingsgate, 
in  the  Isle  of  Thanet,  marks  the  spot  where 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  3, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


193 


Charles  II.  landed  after  his  exile.     The  place 
at  which    the     coronation     of     the     Saxon 
monarchs  was  performed  in  Surrey  is  known 
as  Kingston.     The  stone  on  which  the  king 
sat  during  the  ceremony  is  still  there. 

"  King  "  does  not  usually  appear  at  th< 
end  of  a  place-name.  In  such  names  a 
Barking  the  ending  is  really  ing,  ' '  Bark  * 
being  derived  from  birc,  a  birch  tree. 

THOMAS  W.  HUCK. 

Several  place-names  beginning  with  "king' 

are  of  Anglo-Saxon  origin,  and  denote  roya 

ownership.     As    to     the    particular    places 

}  mentioned,   Kingsford  means  a  royal  ford 

i  and  Kingsley  or  Kingsby  a  king's  dwelling 

i  or  farm  ;    these  names  are  found  in  two  or 

!  three    counties.     Kingswood    (Glos),    as    its 

name  implies,  was  anciently  a  royal  chase 

|  or  forest  of   3,000  or   4,000  acres.     Among 

;  the    places    where    the    Anglo -^axon    kings 

|  held  their  courts  was  Kingsbury  (Warwick), 

j  a   seat    of    the    Mercian    kings.     Kingsland 

j  (Hereford)  is  reputed  to  have  had  a  castle 

in    which    was    the    burial-place    of    King 

Merwald.     Perhaps  the  most  celebrated  of 

all  is  the  A.-S.  Cyngestune,  the  king's  town, 

I  Kingston-on-Thames.  TOM   JONES. 

[W.  S.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

'THE  CASE  ALTERED,'  HUMOROUS  POEM 
(11  S.  ii.  89). — May  I  be  permitted  to  hazard 
a  guess,  based  to  some  extent  on  a  dim  and 
misty  recollection,  as  to  the  authorship  of 
'  The  Case  Altered  '  ?  K.  S.  perhaps  stands 
for  Miss  Catherine  (i.e.  Kate)  Sinclair, 
daughter  of  Sir  John  Sinclair,  the  famous 
writer  on  agricultural  subjects.  She  was 
24  years  of  age  in  1824.  For  ten  years 
previously  she  had  acted  as  her  father's 
amanuensis,  and  was  well  acquainted  with 
all  the  details  of  farming  life.  Her  period 
of  literary  activity  did  not  begin  until 
eleven  years  after  the  date  above  men- 
tioned ;  but  during  the  time  she  assisted 
h'T  father,  she  occasionally  relieved  the 
monotonous  examination  of  agricultural 
statistics,  rotation  of  crops,  and  prices  of 
1  grain,  with  studies  of  a  lighter  nature,  of 
which,  unless  memory  plays  me  false,  '  The 
Case  Altered  l  was  one.  W.  S.  S. 

EAST  INDIA  COMPANY'S  MARINE  SERVICE 

S.   ii.    68,    134,    157).— By  far    the  best 

account  of  the  service  I  have  seen  occurs  in 

'  Adventures  of  a  Master  Mariner  l  (Robert 

William  Eastwick),  edited  by  Mr.  Herbert 

bpencer   Compton   for   Mr.    Fisher   Unwin's 

admirable    "Adventure    Series."     The   logs 

these  ships  are  at  the  India  Office. 

J.  M.  BULLOCH. 


"  HIGHDAYS,  HOLIDAYS,  AND  BONFIRE. 
NIGHTS"  (11  S.  ii.  149).— Used  by  T. 
Hughes  in  '  Tom  Brown,'  chap.  i. 

G.  W.  E.  R. 

LIARDET  (11  S.  ii.  49,  159).— Lionel 
Liardet  was  a  son  of  the  Rev.  John  Liardet, 
and  is  said  to  have  been  a  midshipman, 
and  to  have  lost  his  life  on  board  Lord  Howe's 
ship  the  Queen  Catherine  on  the  1st  of 
June,  1794  ;  but  his  name  does  not  appear 
in  the  muster  books  of  that  ship. 

John  William  Tell  Liardet  was  second 
son  of  the  Rev.  John  Liardet,  and  was 
baptized  at  St.  Martin's-in-the-Fields  as 
"  John  James  Robert  Guillaume  Tell  Liardet, 
son  of  the  Rev.  John  Liardet  and  Mary 
Salome  Liardet,  born  16th  January,  1775, 
and  baptized  16th  February,  1775."  He 
entered  the  Royal  Marines  as  second  lieu- 
tenant 7  July,  1797,  as  John  William  Tell 
Liardet,  and  was  placed  on  half -pay  21  May, 
1802.  Family  tradition  says  he  was  secre- 
tary to  the  Legation  at  Madrid,  and  died 
abroad  aged  29.  He  married  at  Hamburg, 
in  1794,  the  Lady  Perpetue  Felicite  de 
Lammanon  D'Albe,  of  Provence,  by  whom 
he  had  several  children,  who  survived  him. 

The  Rev.  John  Liardet  was  a  native  of 
Lausanne,  and  was  naturalized  by  an  Act  of 
Parliament  passed  in  1776.  He  lived  in 
Great  Suffolk  Street  and  also  in  Lower 
Grosvenor  Place,  and  died  abroad. 

F.  M.  R.  HOLWORTHY. 
Elsworth,  Tweedy  Road,  Bromley,  Kent. 

AMERICAN  WORDS  AND  PHRASES  (US.  ii- 
67,     132).— "Pikery"    in     this    list    is    un- 
doubtedly "  hiera  picra  "  (the  sacred  bitter), 
hough  I  have  never  heard  it  asked  for  in 
England  in  this  shortened  form.     Its  vulgar 
name    with    us    is    "  hickery    pickery n    or 
'  hiky  piky."     Known  now  only  as  a  powder 
a  mixture  of  aloes  and  canella,  occasionally 
•vith  the  addition  of  ginger),  it  was  originally 
.n  electuary  of  very  elaborate  composition. 
Alleyne  traces  it  back  to  Galen. 

The  Hiera  picra  simplex  of  the  first '  London 
i'harmacopceia '  consisted  of  aloes,  cinnamon, 
cylobalsamum,  or  wood  of  aloes,  asarabacca 
oot,  spikenard,  mastic,  saffron,  and  honey. 
Of  this  Culpeper  says  it  is  so  bitter  that  a 
log  could  not  take  it,  and  he  recommends 
bs  being  made  into  pills.     In  addition  to 
his  the  Pharmacopoeia  contained  two  other 
ormulae  for  hiera.     Hiera  Logadii,  originally 
receipt  of  Nicolaus  Myrepsius,  one  of  these 
larger  and  more  perplexed  Compositions, ll 
as  Alleyne  calls  them,  had  thirty  or  more- 
ngredients,   in  addition  to  the  honey.     In 
ater  editions  "  hiera  picra  "  was  classed  as  a 


194 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  3, 1910. 


species,  and  consisted  of  cinnamon,  zedoary, 
asarum,  cardamom  seeds,  saffron,  cochineal, 
and  aloes,  until  finally  it  took  its  place 
among  powders  as  Pulvis  aloes  cum  canella. 

O    O    T? 
[See  also  10  S.  iv.  87,  232 ;  vi.  288,  330,  352.]  ' 

"  Mung  news  n  is  defined  in  Barrere  and 
Leland's  '  Slang  Dictionary,'  vol.  ii.,  as 
"news  which  has  been  heard  before.'1  It 
is  said  to  be  the  equivalent  of  the  modern 
term  "  chestnut, n  but  is  now  obsolete. 
The  English  mung,  past  of  ming,  to  speak  of, 
mention,  is  given  as  the  source  whence  it 
comes.  W.  S.  S. 

NAMES  TEBBIBLE  TO  CHILDBEN  (10  S.  x. 
509;  xi.  53,  218,  356,  454;  xii.  53;  11  S. 
ii.  133).— Mr.  Thomas  Hardy's  "reddleman," 
a  conspicuous  figure  in  '  The  Return  of  the 
Native,'  seems  to  merit  inclusion  in  this 
imposing  category.  The  "  reddleman  "  was 
he  who  provided  "the  bright  pigment  so 
largely  used  by  shepherds  in  preparing  the 
sheep  for  the  fair,"  and  he  was  formidable 
of  aspect  because  of  the  prevalent  flaming 
colour  he  received  through  the  handling  of 
his  wares.  "  Reddle,"  says  the  novelist, 
* '  spreads  its  lively  hues  over  everything 
it  Alights  on,  and  stamps  unmistakably,  as 
with  the  mark  of  Cain,  any  person  who 
has  handled  it  half  an  hour.**  Little  wonder 
is  it,  therefore,  that  the  roaming,  elusive 
merchant  should  have  had  a  portentous 
significance  for  the  childish  imagination. 
In  '  The  Return  of  the  Native,1  chap,  ix., 
the  relative  positions  are  thus  vividly  de- 
picted : — 

"A  child's  first  sight  of  a  reddleman  was  an 
«poch  in  his  life.  That  blood-coloured  figure  was 
a  sublimation  of  all  the  horrid  dreams  which  had 
afflicted  the  juvenile  spirit  since  imagination  began. 
4  The  reddleman  is  coming  for  you  ! '  had  been  the 
formulated  threat  of  Wessex  mothers  for  many 
generations.  He  was  successfully  supplanted  for 
a  while  by  Buonaparte;  but  as  process  of  time 
rendered  the  latter  personage  stale  and  ineffective, 
the  older  phrase  resumed  its  early  prominence. 
And  now  the  reddleman  has  in  his  turn  followed 
Buonaparte  to  the  land  of  worn-out  bogeys,  and  his 
place  is  filled  by  modern  inventions." 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

MOKE  FAMILY  OF  FLANDEBS  (US.  ii.  130). 
— There  are  two  references  to  persons  of  this 
name  in  *  Letters  and  Papers,  Foreign  and 
Domestic,'  vol.  xiv.  part  ii.  On  p.  198 
we  find  "  Thomas  Moke,  51.  pension  on 
dissolution  of  Kirkstall  Priory,  22  Nov., 
31  Hen.  VIII.'-1  ;  and  on  p.  298  :  "Jerome 
Moke,  born  subject  of  the  Duke  of  Gueldres. 
Denization  7,  Dec.  Pat.  31  Hen.  VIII.  p.  2, 
m.  34.?i  RICH.  JOHN  FYNMOBE. 


SPIDEB'S  WEB  AND  FEVEB  (11  S.  ii.  109). 
— It  appears  that  from  spider's  web  having 
been  a  cure  for  ague,  i.e.,  acute  fever,  it 
became  an  accredited  remedy  for  fevers  in 
general ;  hence  the  fever  would  be  pro- 
tracted so  long  as  a  cobweb  in  a  room  was 
left  undisturbed,  and  was  not  used  for  this 
purpose. 

"  Though  the  spinner  be  venomous,  yet  the  web 
that  cometh  out  of  the  guts  thereof  is  not  venomous, 
but  is  accounted  full  good  and  profitable  to  the  use 
of  medicine."— '  Bartholomew  de  Proprietatibus 
Rerum,'  trans,  by  J.  Trevisa. 

"The  Spider's  Web  helps  Hemorrhages,  and 
other  Fluxes  of  Blood,  is  Binding  and  Vulnerary, 
some  use  it  outwardly  against  Agues  and  creeping 
Ulcers,  others  adventure  to  give  it  inwardly."— 
'Salmon's  London  Dispensatory,'  1676. 

"In  time  of  common  contagion,"  writes  Sir 
Kenelm  Digby  in  1660,  "  men  use  to  carry  about 

with  them a  spider  shut  up  in  a  box,  which 

draws  the  contagious  air,  which  otherwise  would 
infect  the  party." — Quoted  in  Hulme's  '  Natural 
History  in  Lore  and  Legend.' 

Hugh  Pigott  in  The  Gentleman's  Magazine 
(1867,  part  i.  pp.  728-41)  says  :— 

"  To  swallow  a  spider,  or  its  web,  when  placed  in 
a  small  piece  of  apple,  is  an  acknowledged  cure  for 
ague,  wnich  was  unfortunately  urged  upon  myself. 
It  is  employed  not  only  by  the  poor,  but  by  the 

better  informed Miss  Strickland    mentions  an 

instance  of  its  being  tried  in  vain,  but  its  failure 
excited  great  astonishment." 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 
4,  Hurlingham  Court,  S.W. 

Longfellow's  line  in  '  Evangeline,'  affirm- 
ing that  fever  in  Acadia  could  be 
Cured  by  the  wearing  a  spider  hung  round  one's 

neck  in  a  nutshell, 

presents  a  curious  contrast  to  the  super- 
stition referred  to  by  MB.  RATCLIFFE.  In 
Chambers's  '  Book  of  Days,*  i.  732,  spiders 
and  their  webs  are  noted  as  possessing  cura- 
tive rather  than  pernicious  properties  in  the 
case  of  fever  and  ague.  W.  S.  S. 

GOLDSMITH'S  '  DESEBTED  VILLAGE  *  (11  S. 
ii.  41). — COL.  PBIDEAUX  twice  designates 
the  pamphlet  which  he  mentions  a  "  small 
octavo.'1  Perhaps  I  may  be  permitted  to 
point  out  that  as  it  consists  of  one  sheet 
divided  into  four  parts,  each  part  consisting 
of  four  leaves  (16  leaves,  32  pages),  it  is 
not  octavo,  but  16mo.  DIEGO. 

DICKENS  ON  THE  ROYAL  HUMANE  SOCIETY 
(11  S.  ii.  87). — There  must  surely  be  some 
mistake  somewhere.  Those  who  have  seen 
Landseer's  painting  of  the  Newfoundland 
dog  entitled  '  A  Distinguished  Member  of 
the  Humane  Society  *  will  readily  under- 
stand that  experiments  on  dogs  were 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  3,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


195 


entirely  alien  to  the  aims  which  the  Royal 
Humane  Society  had  in  view.  An  account 
of  the  Society  will  be  found  in  The  Sunday 
Magazine,  1898,  vol.  xxxiv.  That  Dickens 
disapproved  of  vivisection  is  evident  from 
a  weird  tale  admitted  into  the  pages  of 
Household  Words  under  his  editorship  in 
1858.  Its  title  is  'The  Three  Masters.' 
But  that  the  great  novelist  ever  wrote  an 
article  called  '  The  Royal  Inhumane  Society  * 
is  to  me  scarcely  credible.  W.  S.  S. 

Sm  JOHN  IVORY  (11  S.  ii.   147).— There 

are  a  few  references   to   the  Ivory  family 

of  New  Ross,  Wexford,  in  Mr.  P.  H.  Here's 

;  History  of  the  Town  and  County  of  Wexford.' 

i  The  volumes  are  not  numbered. 

In  that  devoted  to  Duncannon  Fort, 
Kilclogan,  &c.,  1904,  on  p.  230,  foot-note, 
there  is  reference  to  an  undated  petition 
by  Sir  John  Ivory  of  New  Ross  ('  MSS.  of 
the  House  of  Lords,'  Hist.  MSS.  Comm., 
13  Report,  Appendix,  pt.  v.  p.  237),  "which 
must  be  between  the  years  1690  and 
1691 "  :— 

"  Petitioner,  a  Protestant  and  proprietor  of  lands 
in  Ireland  purchased  by  his  Father  by  his  service 
against  the  Irish  in  the  former  rebellion  about  40 
years  since  or  more.  Was  dispossessed  of  the  same 
by  a  late  Act  of  the  Irish  Parliament,  and  put  out 
of  the  government  of  Duncannon  Fort  which  he 
had  purchased  by  the  consent  of  Chas.  II.  at  the 
cost  of  nearly  £2,000.  Petitioner,  upon  the  advance 
of  William  III.  to  Kilkenny,  was  commanded  to 
summon  in  all  the  Protestants  in  those  parts  about 
Duncannon,  and  to  block  up  the  same  until  a 
General  Officer  should  come  up  with  part  of  the 
Army  to  summon  the  same,  which  he  performed 
accordingly.  Prays  to  be  preserved  in  his  Estate, 
either  by  means  of  a  proviso  or  otherwise." 

On  which  petition,  says  Mr.  Hore,  there  is 
this  endorsement :  "  Undated,  No.  16.  E. 
agreed." 

On  p.  233  it  is  noted  that  among  the  officers 
of  the  Duke  of  Ormond's  Regiment  quartered 
in  Duncannon  Fort,  1684-5,  was  Capt. 
Sir  John  Ivory.  On  11  September,  1686, 
Lord  Lieutenant  Clarendon  dined  with  Sir 
John  at  New  Ross  (p.  235).  The  accounts 
of  the  Fort  show  that  on  20  May,  1691, 
21.  12s.  was  "  Paid  Sir  John  Ivory  for 
Timber  for  the  use  of  the  ffort  as  by  receipt  " 
p.  240.  On  p.  130  a  foot-no  testates  that  John 
Devereux's  estate  of  Mountpill,  Tomhaggard 
parish,  "  was  granted  to  Wm.  Ivory,  Esq.,  in 
the  Commonwealth."  In  1671  an  Inquisi- 
tion was  taken  at  Ross  before  Wm.  Ivory, 
Esq.,  Sheriff  (p.  338).  About  1656  an 
Edward  Ivory  was  possessor  of  property  at 
Fethard,  Wexford  (p.  333).  In  1666  the 
i  nent  of  Subsidy  in  Shelburne  Barony 
included  "  Edward  Ivory,  I0s.n  (p.  408). 


In  the  volume  devoted  to  Dunbrody 
Abbey,  &c.,  1901,  on  p.  240,  Mr.  Hore 
notes  : 

"  1655.  We  find  by  the  Book  of  Survey  the  lands 
of  Killesk,  Drillistown,  and  Knockagh,  636  acres, 
owned  by  William  Barren  in  1641,  divided  between 
William  Ivorey [sic],  Thos.  Holmes,  Nicholas  Loftus, 
and  the  Earl  of  Anglesey." 

In  Tintern  Abbey,  Wexford,  there  is  the 
tomb  of  *'  Capt.  John  Tench,  of  Mullinderry, 
and  his  wife  Mary  Ivory  :  he  died  in  1683, 
aged  64"-  (p.  125  of  Mr.  Here's  Tintern 
Abbey  volume,  1901).  G.  L.  APPERSON. 

Since  my  query  was  in  print,  I  have  come 
across  some  information  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  which 
partly  satisfies  my  requirements  (7  S.  ix. 
447  ;  x.  95,  214,  317).  According  to  an  old 
and  valued  correspondent,  Y.  S.  M.,  Sir 
John  Ivory  was  knighted  at  Windsor, 
20  May,  1683.  To  have  obtained  this 
honour  he  must  have  been  a  person  of  some 
note.  His  father,  Capt.  William  Ivory, 
is  said  to  have  been  one  of  the  Cromwellian 
settlers  in  Ireland,  and  to  have  obtained 
large  grants  of  land  at  New  Ross  and  else- 
where. He  is  stated  to  have  died  on  18  July, 
1684,  aged  59.  He  must  therefore  have 
been  quite  a  young  man  when  he  settled  in 
Ireland. 

The  family  of  Ivory  is,  I  believe,  of 
Scottish  origin,  and  is  distinct  from  that  of 
Ivery,  or  Perceval.  I  should  be  grateful 
for  any  particulars  of  the  family  prior  to 
the  marriage  of  John  Ivory  with  Anne 
Talbot.  W.  F.  PBIDEAUX. 

SAINT-^VBEMOND  :  DATE  OF  HIS  BIRTH 
(11  S.  ii.  141). — SIR  FRANK  MARZIALS  writes  : 
"If  S.-E.'s  mother  had  brought  him  into 
the  world  on  1  April,  1613,  she  could  not 
well  have  produced  another  child  on  the 
5th  of  the  following  January.'1  The  deduc- 
tion as  to  Saint  Jfivremond  are  very  likely 
correct,  but  this  particular  point  is  not 
conclusive.  I  am  the  fourth  child  and 
fourth  son  of  my  parents.  The  two  eldest, 
born  in  November  and  the  following  July, 
though  each  surviving  but  a  few  hours, 
might  still  be  living  in  the  native  village, 
or,  like  my  elder  brother  and  myself,  on 
opposite  faces  of  the  earth,  at  Honolulu  and 
London.  Our  parents,  still  alive  and  active, 
expect  to  celebrate  their  "diamond"  wed- 
ding on  the  12th  of  September.  All  my 
life  an  active  genealogist,  conning  some 
millions  of  birth  records,  I  have  found  few, 
if  any,  such  cases,  however. 

LOTHROP   WlTHINGTON. 

30,  Little  Russell  Street,  W.C. 


196 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  IL  SEPT.  3,  10101 


'VERTIMMUS'  (11  S.  ii.  147).— On  Tues- 
diy,  29  August,  1605,  a  Latin  comedy 
entitled  '  Vertumnus  sive  annus  recurrens 
Oxoniae,  an.  1605,'  was  performed  at  Oxford 
by  the  students  of  St.  John's  before  King 
James,  Prince  Henry,  and  their  courts.  The 
comedy  was  written  by  Matthew  Gwinne, 
M.D.  (1558  ?-1627),  and  was  published  in 
1607.  There  is  a  copy  of  it  in  the  Bodleian 
Library.  A  comedy  entitled  '  Alba,'  which 
was  performed  before  the  King  two  days 
earlier,  is  also  called  '  Vertumnus  '  by  Wood, 
who,  speaking  of  Dr.  Gwinne's  work,  says  : 
"Though  it  had  the  same  title  with  that 
acted  two  nights  before  at  Christ's  Church, 
this  Comedy  was  very  different  from  it 
both  in  plot  and  execution." 

King  James's  experiences  at  Oxford  in 
1605  are  fully  dealt  with  in  Nichols's  '  Pro- 
gresses of  King  James,'  1828,  vol.  i.,  where 
references  to  '  Vertumnus  '  or  Dr.  Gwinne 
appear  on  pp.  534,  543-5  (notes),  547-8 
(note),  552-3  (note). 

Sir  Isaac  Wake  (1580  ?-1632),  who  took 
part  in  the  reception  at  Oxford,  describes 
the  pomp  of  the  various  ceremonies  in  his 
'  Rex  Platonicus,*  a  work  in  fantastic 
Latin,  which  has  been  referred  to  by  Farmer 
and  other  annotators  of  Shakespeare  on 
account  of  a  performance  described  in  it 
which  was  thought  to  have  suggested  the 
subject-matter  of  '  Macbeth.' 

THOMAS  W.  HUCK. 

Saffron  Walden. 

The  name  should  read  '  Vertumnus.'  Its 
indirect  connexion  with  '  Macbeth '  brings 
it  into  my  '  Shakespeare  Bibliography,' 
from  which  I  extract  the  following 
entry  : — 

"Gwinne  (Matthew),  Vertumnus  sive  annus  re- 
currens Oxonii  xxix  August!  1605  coram  Jacobo 


rege,  Henrico  principe  proceribus,  1607.  Fcap.  4to. 
A  dramatic  piece  which  lulled  King  James  to  sleep 
upon  his  visit  to  Oxford  in  1605." 

WM.  JAGGARD. 

The  Rev.  W.  H.  Hutton  in  his  history  of 
St.  John  Baptist  College  (1898),  p.  88,  men- 
tions King  James's  querulous  reception  of 
Dr.  Matthew  Gwynne's  comedy  'Vertumnus' 
on  his  visit  to  Oxford  in  1605. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

See  D.  E.  Baker's  '  Biographia  Dramatica,' 
1782,  vol.  ii.  (Latin  Plays  written  by  English 
Authors,  pp.  422-3). 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

[MR.  W.  P.  COURTNEY  and  PROF.  SKEAT  also 
thanked  for  replies.] 


"  COLLINS  "  =  LETTER  OF  THANKS  (11  S.  ii. 
149). — I  am  afraid  P.  is  not  a  lover  of  the 
immortal  Jane,  or  he  would  remember 
Mr.  Collins's  letter  of  thanks  after  the 
memorable  visit  to  the  Bennets.  Let  P. 
consult  chap,  xxiii.  of  '  Pride  and  Prejudice.* 

E.  W. 

No  doubt  this  is  a  memento  of  the  ela- 
borately polite  Mr.  Collins,  who  is  one  of 
the  joys  of  Jane  Austen's  *  Pride  and  Pre- 
judice.' 

I  have  heard  the  same  thing  called  a 
"  board-and-lodging  letter,"  and  think  it 
is  to  be  regretted  that  a  simple  tribute  of 
friendly  gratitude  cannot  be  gracefully 
rendered  without  its  being  made  banal  and 
absurd  by  the  stigma  of  a  nickname.  When 
a  courtesy  comes  to  be  regarded  as  ridiculous 
its  end  is  probably  at  hand.  I  am  one  who 
thinks  that  we  cannot  well  spare  any  more 
of  our  "  sweet  observances." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

[PROF.  BENSLY  and  G.  W.  E.  R.  also  thanked  for 
replies.] 

"DENIZEN"  (11  S.  i.  506;  ii.  71,  111, 
154). —  DR.  SHARPE'S  reply  may  possibly 
mislead  the  unlearned.  A  "denizen"  'in 
1433  is  an  alien  who  holds  letters  of  deniza- 
tion.  These  grant  certain  privileges,  pat- 
ticularly  as  enabling  a  foreigner  to  sue  and 
be  sued  on  the  same  terms  as  a  native.  The 
subject  is  fully  discussed  in  Coke  upon 
Littleton,  f.  129  a,  and  the  passage  quoted 
by  DR.  SHARPE  can  be  interpreted  without 
difficulty,  without  assuming  any  special 
local  use  of  the  terms.  I  cannot,  of  course, 
presume  to  dispute  DR.  SHARPE'S  dictum 
as  to  the  usage  of  the  terms  in  the  City 
records,  as  it  is  clearly  impossible  for  him 
to  print  the  whole  of  the  evidence  on  which 
he  bases  it  in  the  columns  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
I  may  add  that  letters  of  denization  in  large 
numbers  will  be  found  in  the  Calendar  of 
Patent  Rolls  of  Henry  VI.  The  word  itself 
in  the  usual  form  deinzein  seems  to  be 
formed  on  the  analogy  of  forein,  with  which 
it  is  constantly  contrasted.  C.  J. 

LiEUT.-CoL.  JOHN  B.  GLEGG  (11  S.  ii.  87). 
— Lieut. -Col.  John  B.  Glegg  belonged,  it 
is  believed,  to  the  family  of  Glegg  of  Irbie. 
According  to  Burke's  '  Landed  Gentry,* 
1858,  he  was  the  second  son  of  John  Glegg, 
Esq.,  of  Irbie,  was  born  in  1773,  and  was  a 
colonel  in  the  Army.  In  the  edition  of 
Burke  for  1875  this  information  is  repeated, 
although  it  is  virtually  certain  that  Lieut. 
Col.  Glegg  was  then  dead.  His  elder  brother, 
General  Birkenhead  Glegg  of  Backford 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  3, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


197 


and  Irbie,  was  twice  married.  He  had  two 
sons  and  two  daughters  by  the  first  marriage, 
and  four  daughters  by  the  second.  In 
1875  the  Gleggs  of  Backford  Hall,  Cheshire, 
descended  from  General  Glegg,  were  pro- 
bably the  representatives  of  Lieut. -Col. 
John  Baskervyle  Glegg.  W.  S.  S. 

USONA  =  U.S.A.  (11  S.  ii.  148). —The 
employment  of  this  word  to  indicate  "  the 
United  States  "  was  first  publicly  advocated, 

1 1  believe,  by  Sir  Edward  Clarke  several 
years  ago,  but  some  objection  was  taken 
to  it  across  the  Atlantic.  Lord  Morley 

|  (then   Mr.    Morley),    who   happened   to    be 

I  at  the  time  in  New  York,  also  unfavourably 
criticized  the  word  at  a  banquet  given  by 

!the  Lotos  Club. 

A  warning  lately  issued  by  the  English 
'Postmaster  General  may  perhaps  be  alluded 

jto  appropriately  here.  It  concerns  the 
jrecent  misuse  of  the  initials  U.S.A.  outside 
Betters,  when  affixed  with  the  intention  of 
indicating  "  United  South  Africa." 

R.  B. 
!    Upton. 

1  AMANEUUS  AS  A  CHRISTIAN  NAME  (11  S. 
ii.  88,  152). — MR.TREGELLES  is  too  ingenious. 
,  Amaneuus  is  the  Latin  form  of  the  French 
\Amanieu,  a  common  Christian  name  in 
jGuienne.  I  suppose  Emney  or  Emmoney, 
twhich  occurs  as  a  surname,  may  possibly 
represent  the  English  form.  See  Bardsley's 
!'  Dictionary  of  Surnames,1  s.v.  Emeny. 

C.  J. 


j  ADLING  STREET,  BERNARD'S  CASTLE  (11  S. 
|ii.  148). — In  Stow's  'Survey,'  under  the 
'leading  Castle  Baynard  Ward,  reference  is 
inade  to  ' '  Adle  street,  over  against  the 
|.vest  part  of  Baynards  castle,  going  up  by 
I  he  west  end  of  Knightrider  street  and  to 
parter  lane."  Again  :  "  By  the  south  end 
i)f  Adle  street,  almost  against  Pudle  wharf." 
Elsewhere  Stow  gives  the  title  as  "Addle 
j'.treet  or  lane.n 

The  thoroughfare,  within  my  memory, 
xtended  from  Thames  Street  to  Carter 
^.ane,  and  was  called  Addle  Hill,  probably 
o  distinguish  it  from  Addle  Street  in  Wood 
treet.  The  making  of  Queen  Victoria 
'treet  involved  the  bisecting  of  Addle  Hill, 
•nd,  ultimately  the  destruction  of  the 
horoughfare,  except  the  northern  part 
etween  Knightrider  Street  and  Carter  Lane. 
The  conclusion  to  be  drawn  is  that  Addle 
iill,  Baynard' s  Castle,  and  Adling  Street, 
Bernard's  Castle,  are  the  same. 

S.  P.  E.  S. 


Adling  Street  was  probably  on  the  site 
of  the  present  Addle  Hill,  between  Queen 
Victoria  Street  and  Carter  Lane.  Addle 
Hill  is  named  Adling  Hill  on  a  plan  of  '  The 
Ward  of  Castle  Baynard  J  given  at  p.  80  of 
Loftie's  'London*  ("Historic  Towns" 
Series).  Addle  is  derived  from  Atheling,  via 
Adling. 

Adling  Hill  was  in  favour  with  printers 
about  the  end  of  the  sixteenth  century  and 
the  beginning  of  the  seventeenth.  Besides 
Windet,  Vallintine  Sims  or  Simmes,  whose  sign 
was  "  The  White  Swan,"  resided  in  Adling 
Street  ;  and  in  1600  another  printer,  named 
Simon  Stafford,  also  resided  in  this  street. 

A  short  account  of  Baynard's  Castle  is 
given  in  the  first  volume  of  '  London,  Past 
and  Present,1  by  Wheat  ley  and  Cunningham. 
In  Braun  and  Hogenberg's  map  of  London 
(1572)  it  is  inaccurately  named  Benam's 
Castle.  THOMAS  WM.  HUGE:. 

[T.  C.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

QUEEN  ELIZABETH  AND  ASTROLOGY  (11  S. 
ii.  107). — Presumably  the  book  referred  to 
is  that  entitled  '  Astrologise  ratione  et 
experientia  refutatse  liber.'  It  is  not  an 
Elzevir,  but  was  printed  at  the  press  of 
Christopher  Plantin  at  Antwerp  in  1583. 
The  author's  name  is  given  as  Sixtus  ab 
Hemminga.  He  is  said  to  have  been  a 
Dutch  physician  (born  1533,  died  1586). 
Copies  of  the  book  are  in  the  Advocates' 
Library,  Edinburgh,  and  the  British  Museum. 

W.  SCOTT. 

BATH  AND  HENRIETTA  MARIA  (11  S.  ii. 
150). — The  demolition  of  the  houses  which 
had  disfigured  the  north  side  of  the  Abbey 
for  nearly  two  centuries  and  a  half  began 
in  1823,  but,  owing  to  difficulties  with 
leases,  and  the  heavy  expense,  the  work 
was  not  completed  until  1834.  The  cost 
to  the  Corporation  was  nearly  11,000£. 

There  seems  good  reason  for  believing 
that  Queen  Henrietta  Maria  stayed  in  Bath 
with  the  King  on  his  westward  journey  in 
the  spring  of  1644,  but  I  cannot  find  mention 
of  the  exact  lodging.  The  records  of 
Bristol  Corporation  show  that  she  stayed 
at  the  Great  House,  St.  Augustine's  Back, 
Bristol  (on  the  site  now  occupied  by  Colston 
Hall),  late  in  April,  1644.  "  As  a  token  of 
their  love "  the  Corporation,  on  23  April, 
voted  "a  free  gift  of  500/."  to  the  Queen, 
three-fourths  of  the  gift  being  raised  with 
difficulty  from,  the  inhabitants,  and  the 
balance  coming  from  the  civic  purse.  Has 
MR.  GIBBS  tried  the  Corporation  records 
of  Bath  ?  CHARLES  WELLS. 

134,  Cromwell  Road,  Bristol. 


198 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  3, 1910. 


Both  Charles  I.  and  his  Queen  were  at 
Bath  in  1644  ("Henrietta  Park "  and 
"  Henrietta  Place  n  may  be  commemorative 
of  the  visit).  Mr.  R.  E.  Peach  does  not, 
however,  state  in  his  *  Historic  Houses  of 
Bath,'  or  in  his  other  works,  in  which 
building  the  King  and  Queen  resided  on  that 
occasion.  R.  B. 

Upton. 

In  Miss  Strickland's  '  Queens  of  England  ' 
a  letter  is  quoted  from  Queen  Henrietta 
Maria  to  Charles  I.,  dated  "  Bathe,  April  21, 
1644."  S.  B. 

[MR.  A.  R.  BAYLEY  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

"  IF  YOU  ASK  FOB  SALT,  YOU  ASK  FOB 

SOBBOW"  (11  S.  ii.  150). — In  The  Spectator, 
No.  7,  Addison  shows  how  asking  at  table 
for  salt  may  possibly  be  a  prelude  to  sorrow. 
As  a  variant  on  the  point  raised  in  the 
query  his  illustration  may  be  worth  giving. 
He  presents  a  hostess  surging  with  little 
superstitions,  and  makes  her  call  upon  her 
guest  to  pass  a  pinch  of  salt  on  the  point  of 
his  knife.  The  narrative  thus  proceeds  : — 

"This  I  did  in  such  a  trepidation  and  hurry  of 
obedience,  that  I  let  it  drop  by  the  way ;  at  which 
she  immediately  startled,  and  said  it  fell  towards 
her.  Upon  this  I  looked  very  blank ;  and,  observing 
the  concern  of  the  whole  taole,  began  to  consider 
myself,  with  some  confusion,  as  a  person  that  had 
brought  a  disaster  upon  the  family.  The  lady, 
however,  recovering  herself  after  a  little  space,  said 
to  her  husband  with  a  sigh,  *  My  dear,  misfortunes 

never  come  single.' '  Do  not  you  remember,  child,' 

says  she,  '  that  the  pigeon-house  fell  the  very 
afternoon  that  our  careless  wench  spilt  the  salt 
upon  the  table  ? '  '  Yes,'  says  he,  '  my  dear,  and  the 
next  post  brought  us  an  account  of  the  battle  of 
Almanza.' " 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

I  have  heard  this  expression  many  times 
from  my  mother,  a  native  of  Norfolk,  and 
I  well  remember  as  a  lad  in  that  county  the 
comparatively  large  number  of  salt-cellars 
in  evidence  at  dinners  and  suppers,  placed 
upon  the  tables,  presumably,  to  enable  the 
guests  to  avoid  having  to  ask  their  neigh- 
bours to  pass  the  salt. 

I  have  a  faint  recollection  of  having  asked 
for  an  explanation  and  being  told  that,  at  the 
Last  Supper,  Judas  passed  the  salt  to  our 
Lord.  But  I  remember  rather  more  dis- 
tinctly hearing  that  if  you  received  the  salt 
from  any  one  who  bore  you  a  grudge  or 
wished  you  ill,  the  salt  would  carry  with  it 
some  mystical  power  of  fulfilment. 

W.  B.  GEBISH. 

The  usual  form  of  this  proverbial  saying  is 
"  Help  to  salt,  help  to  sorrow." 

WM.  JAGGABD. 


We  were  wont  to  say  in  Kesteven,  when 
the  force  of  circumstances  or  lapse  of  good 
manners  made  any  one  put  salt  on  another's 
plate  :  "If  you  help  me  to  salt,  you  help  me 
to  sorrow."  I  never  heard  that  it  was 
fateful  to  ask  for  the  condiment. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

Substitute  the  words  "  help  to  ?'  for  "  ask 
for,"  and  I  have  known  this  proverb  all  my 
life,  having  repeatedly  heard  it  so  expressed 
both  in  Northamptonsliire  and  Warwick- 
shire, and  also  in  London.  This  Cheshire 
version  is  quite  new  to  me. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

In  Devonshire,  if  at  table  any  one  pro- 
poses to  help  another  to  salt,  the  remark 
is  usually  heard  :  "If  you  help  me  to  salt, 
you  will  help  me  to  sorrow." 

FBED.  C.  FBOST,  F.S.I. 
Teignmouth. 

FATHEB  PETEBS  AND  QUEEN  MABY  (11  S. 
ii.  107). — Internal  evidence  would  lead  one 
to  infer  the  date  of  the  print  to  be  about 
1735  or  1736.  Certain  indications  seem  to 
point  distinctly  to  the  period  of  the  exiled 
Stuarts.  D.  Wyttenbach,  whose  name  is 
written  on  the  print,  was  no  doubt  the 
Dutch  scholar  of  that  name  (born  1746, 
died  1820).  SCOTUS. 

LABDINEB  AT  THE  COBONATION  (11  S.  ii. 
149). — According  to  Giles  Gossip,  '  Corona- 
tion Anecdotes,'  1823,  the  Chief  Lardiner 
has  the  care  and  management  of  the  royal 
larder. 

Lord  Abergavenny,  as  holding  the  manor 
of  Scoulton,  otherwise  called  Burdleys  in 
Scoulton,  within  the  county  of  Norfolk, 
claimed  the  office  ;  but  other  manors  were 
also  held  by  the  service  of  being  King's 
Lardiner  at  the  time  of  the  Coronation, 
amongst  which  were  those  of  Eston  en  le 
Mont,  in  the  county  of  Essex,  and  Shipton 
Moyne.  The  fees  of  the  office  were  ' k  the 
remainder  of  all  beaves,  muttons,  calves, 
venisons,  cheverels,  lard,  and  other  flesh, 
fish,  salt,  and  all  other  things  remaining 
in  the  office  .of  Lardiner  after  dinner, n 
i.e.,  the  Coronation  feast.  The  claim  wasi 
exercised  at  the  Coronation  of  George  IV., 
and  there  have  been  no  Coronation  ban- 
quets since  that  of  this  king. 

;_       :  .     JOHN  HODGKIN. 

See  Blount's  '  Tenures,'  ed.  Hazlitt,  1874, 
p.  271.  The  book  must  be  seen  by  any  onei 


interested  in  these  matters. 


S.  L.  PEI 


n  s.  ii.  SEPT.  3,  mo.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


199 


ENGLISH  SEPULCHRAL  MONUMENTS,  1300- 
1350  (11  S.  ii.  47,  154). — '  A  Glimpse  at  the 
Monumental  Architecture  and  Sculpture  of 
Great  Britain  from  the  Earliest  Period  to 
the  Eighteenth  Century,3  by  Matthew  Hol- 
beche  Bloxam,  1834,  may  be  of  assistance 
to  your  correspondent.  J.  BAGNALL. 

Although  *  Notices  of  Sepulchral  Monu- 
ments in  English  Churches,3  by  the  Rev. 
W.  H.  Kelke,  1850,  is  little  more  than  a 
pamphlet,  it  would  be  very  useful.  I 
suggest  also  Edward  Blore's  '  Monumental 
Remains/  &c.,  1826.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

'DRAWING-ROOM    DITTIES*    (11    S.    ii. 
48,  94,  154). — The  song  beginning 
Had  I  a  donkey  wot  wouldn't  go, 
Do  you  think  I'd  wallop  him  ?  No  !  No !  No  ! 

was  familiar  for  many  years  before  it  ap- 
peared in  the  'Comic  Song-Bcx)k  *  of  1864. 
The  parody  of  it,  as  I  stated  ante,  p.  94,  was 
published  in  Punch  for  17  Feb.,  1844,  in  a 
"polished  form"  for  drawing-room  use, 
with  a  silhouette  evidently  drawn  by  R. 
Doyle.  A.  MASSON. 

In  *  Little  Dorrit,'  chap,  xxvii.,  published 
in  1857,  Dickens  speaks  of  "the  favourite 
air  of  'If  I  had  a  donkey,1"  and  gives  a 
parody  of  the  words.  G.  W.  E.  R. 

GEORGE  I.  STATUES  :  WILLIAM  HUCKS 
(11  S.  ii.  7,  50,  98,  135).— Mark  Noble's 
statements  about  the  dates  in  Parliament 
of  William  Hucks  and  Robert  Hucks  (ante, 
p.  135)  are  not  quite  correct. 

According  to  the  official  Returns  of 
Members  of  Parliament,  the  date  of  William's 
first  return  to  Parliament  (viz.,  for  Abing- 
don)  was  4  May,  1708  ;  but  he  cannot  have 
taken  his  seat  until  early  in  1709,  as  a  foot- 
note says:  "Return  amended  by  Order  of  the 
House  dated  20  January,  1708/9,  by  erasing 
the  name  of  Sir  Simon  Harcourt,  knt.,  and 
substituting  that  of  William  Hucks,  esq.1' 

'  This  Parliament  was  dissolved  21  September, 

!  1710. 

Sir  Simon  Harcourt,  Attorney-General, 
was  elected  for  Abingdon  4  October  of  the 

j  same  year.  Sir  Simon  having  been  ap- 
pointed Lord  Keeper  of  the  Great  Seal  of 
Great  Britain,  James  Jennings  was  on 
13  December,  1710,  elected  for  Abingdon. 
I  his  Parliament  having  been  dissolved 
8  August,  1713,  Symon  Harcourt  (?son  of 
Kir  Simon)  was  elected  for  Abingdon  for  the 
Parliament  of  1713-15.  Then,  1715-22, 
came  James  Jennings  ( ?  the  same  as  the 
above  Jennings).  Then  in  the  three  next 
Parliaments,  1722-41,  Abingdon  was  repre- 
sented by  Robert  Hucks. 


William  Hucks,  having  ceased  to  sit  for 
Abingdon  in  1710,  reappeared  as  one  of  the 
two  members  for  Wallingford  27  January, 
1715.  He  held  the  seat  in  the  four  Parlia- 
ments of  1715-41,  but  on  his  death  near  the 
end  of  the  last  was  succeeded  by  Joseph 
Townsend,  elected  22  December,  1740. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

APPLE  TREE  FLOWERING  IN  AUTUMN 
(11  S.  ii.  149). — A  fruit  tree  flowering  in 
autumn  is  regarded  as  a  sign  of  a  suc- 
cession of  abnormal  seasons.  In  the 
'Dover  Year-Book, '  under  18  Oct.,  1852, 
is  the  following  : — 

*'  In  the  garden  of  Mr.  John  Iron,  Harbour  Master 
at  Dover,  occurred  the  curiosity  of  a  cherry  tree 
being  in  full  blossom  in  October.  Parallel  with 
this  freak  of  nature  may  be  mentioned  the  fact 
that  in  the  following  year  about  the  same  time 
snow  fell  in  East  Kent." 


Dover. 


JOHN  BAVINGTON  JONES. 


Some  fifty  years  ago  a  woman  in  Lincoln- 
shire was  accused  of  having  compassed  the 
death  of  her  husband,  and  it  was  testified 
that  she  had  remarked  :  "I  believe  John 
will  die,  for  the  apple  trees  are  in  full  bloom 


again. 


ST.  SWITHIN. 


At  Easter,  1909,  I  planted  some  apple 
trees,  which  flowered  the  same  autumn. 
On  a  local  gardener  seeing  them,  he  said 
that  he  never  liked  to  see  apple  trees  flower 
out  of  season,  as  it  meant  a  death  in  the 
family  before  the  year  was  out.  I  am  glad 
to  say  this  prediction  was  not  verified. 

A.  LEWIS. 

Worcester  Park,  Surrey. 

Mrs.  Gutch,  in  her  'Folk-Lore  of  Yorkshire 
(North  Riding  and  the  Ainsty),1  1901, 
p.  58,  says  :— 

"  If  part  of  an  apple  tree  blossoms  when  the  fruit 
on  other  portions  is  nearly  formed,  it  betokens 
death  in  the  owner's  family  within  the  year." 

The  same  belief  prevailed  in  Norfolk 
when  I  was  a  lad,  and  I  distinctly  recollect 
removing  the  blooms  from  a  tree  in  order  to 
save  my  mother  from  unnecessary  alarm. 

W.  B.  GERISH. 

Among  the  superstitions  of  the  county 
of  Worcester  is  that  to  have  apples  and 
blossoms  on  a  tree  at  the  same  time  is  a 
sign  of  a  forthcoming  death  in  the  family 
(Gent.  Mag.,  1855,  part  ii.,  p.  385). 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

See  also  9  S.  xii.  506,  133. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 


200 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  n.  SEPT.  3, 1910. 


0n 


The  Poems  of  Cynewulf.     Translated  by  Charles 
fc/W.  Kennedy,  Ph.D.     (Boutledge  &  Sons.) 
MESSRS.  BOUTLEDGE  deserve  the  thanks  of  th 
public  for  opening  to  them  some  of  the  treasures 
•of  Old  English  literature  which  have  never  ye' 
been  presented  to  them  in  a  popular  form.     It  is 
not  long  since  under  their  auspices  an  excellem 
presentment  of  the  '  Beowulf  '  was  published  b} 
Sir.    W.    Huyshe,    and   now    an    equally    carefu 
rendering     of     the     eighth-century     '  Poems     o: 
•Cynewulf  '  comes  to  us,  put  into  modern  English 
for   the    first    time,    and    edited    by    Dr.   C. 
Kennedy,    an   American   scholar   who    shows    an 
intimate    knowledge    of   the    subject.     We   musl 
admit    that    these     quaint    poems,    even    when 
rendered  from  Old  English  into  New,  are  hardly 
less  remote   from  our  modern  ways   of  thought 
in    their    jerky    and    disjointed    style    than    the 
crabbed  involutions  of  a  Greek  chorus.     If  an 
exception  is  to-be  made,  it  is  in  favour  of  '  The 
Phoenix,'    a    description    of    Paradise,    which    is 
however,  founded  on  a  Latin  poem  by  Lactantius, 
and  retains  some  of  its  coherence. 

The  editor  holds  with  most  other  critics  that 
the  genuine  work  of  Cynewulf,  about  whom 
nothing  is  known,  is  restricted  to  the  four  poems 
which  bear  his  signature  —  '  Juliana,'  '  Christ,' 
'  Elene,'  and  '  The  Fates  of  the  Apostles.'  He 
decisively  rejects  the  so-called  '  Biddies,'  which 
are  not  riddles  at  all,  and  with  more  hesitation 
*  Andreas  '  and  *  Guthlac.'  In  estimating  the 
traces  of  Anglo-Saxon  paganism  in  England  he 
^eems  to  undervalue  the  evidence  of  place-names, 
which  is  stronger  than  he  supposes  ;  and  it  is 
certainly  an  over-statement  to  affirm  that  this 
pagan  element  disappeared  at  the  conversion 
of  the  English.  It  may  have  been  so  officially, 
but  how  persistently  it  lingered  for  many  centuries 
afterwards  is  well  known  to  our  folk-lore  societies. 
It  is  hardly  correct,  again,  to  say  that  the  paro- 
chial system  was  "  strengthened  "  by  Archbishop 
Theodore  from  Tarsus  (p.  80),  when  it  was  created 
by  him. 

In  his  Bibliography  of  Texts,  which  is  laudably 
full,  Dr.  Kennedy  might  have  included  Ludov. 
Ettmuller's  '  Engla  and  Seaxna,'  1850. 

Fifty  Pictures  of  Gothic  Altars.  Selected  and 
described  by  Percy  Dearmer.  (Longmans  & 
Co.) 

THE  object  of  the  Alcuin  Society,  of  whose  pub- 
lications this  is  one,  is  to  produce  a  better  under- 
.standing  of  the  ritual,  ceremonies,  and  furniture 
of  the  early  Anglican  Church  by  issuing  mono- 
graphs on  these  subjects  from  time  to  time.  Ten 
years  ago  it  published  a  volume  on  English  altars 
by  Mr.  St.  John  Hope  ;  it  now  extends  its  pur- 
view, and  produces  a  supplementary  volume, 
under  the  editorship  of  Mr.  Dearmer,  on  mediaeval 
altars,  of  what  it  loosely  calls  "  the  Gothic  period," 
selected  from  Continental  churches. 

These  fifty  pictures  are  taken  chiefly  from 
manuscript  sources,  miniatures,  and  woodcuts 
of  the  thirteenth,  fourteenth,  and  fifteenth 
centuries.  These  hardly  seem  to  be  the  best 
sources  of  illustration  if  the  volume,  as  here 
.stated,  is  designed  for  the  practical  behoof  of 
architects  and  others  concerned  in  the  decoration 


of  churches.  Considering  the  very  conventional 
and  sketchy  way  in  which  the  altars  are  suggested 
often,  rather  than  represented,  in  these  mediaeval 
drawings,  with  an  almost  complete  absence  of 
scale  or  detail,  we  conceive  that  a  practical 
architect  or  church  furnisher  would  find  extreme 
difficulty  in  making  a  satisfactory  reproduction 
of  the  designs.  He  would  probably  give  the  whole 
collection  for  one  photograph  of  an  existing  altar 
with  accurate  details. 

The  volume,  therefore,  is  of  antiquarian  rather 
than  practical  interest.  The  editor,  indeed,  con- 
fesses that  the  altars  represented  are  frequently 
treated  by  the  artist  as  merely  an  incident  sub- 
ordinate to  the  particular  martyrdom  or  vision 
which  he  is  trying  to  portray.  He  calls  attention 
to  the  fact  that  these  early  altars  are  shown  to 
have  been  curtained -in,  for  the  sake  of  privacy 
and  reverence,  at  three  sides — he  says  "  at  all 
four  sides,"  but  surely  this  must  be  a  mistake, 
as  this  arrangement  would  shut  out  the  priest 
himself.  He  can  hardly  mean  that  the  fourth 
curtain  was  drawn  between  him  and  the  con- 
gregation. No  gradine  (or  "  retable,"  in  modern 
parlance)  is  represented  in  these  mediteval  pic- 
tures, and  no  lights  save  two  of  moderate  dimen- 
sions, the  hangings  being  of  quite  a  simple  kind. 
In  fact,  utility  and  simplicity  rather  than  orna- 
ment and  elaboration  were  characteristic  of  the 
medieval  altar. 

Mr.  Dearmer  has  selected  his  illustrations  from 
all  quarters  to  make  a  representative  collection, 
and  promises  a  further  volume  which  will  deal 
with  the  Benaissance  period  and  later. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value  ( 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"— Adver-  ; 
bisements   and    Business    Letters    to    "The    Pub-  \ 
.ishers  "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery  i 
Lane,  E.G. 

To  secure    insertion    of   communications   corre 

spondents  must  observe  the  following  rules.     Let  , 

each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate  \ 

,lip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and  i 

uch  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.     When  answer- 

ng  queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 

entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to  j 

>ut  in  parentheses,   immediately  after  the  exact 

eading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 

which    they    refer.    Correspondents    who    repeat  i 

queries    are  requested    to  head    the  second  com-  j 

munico,tion  "  Duplicate." 

CECIL  CLARKE  ("All  Lombard  Street  to  a  China 
Orange  ").— See  the  long  editorial  note  at  10  S.  viii. 
"  and  the  communications  at  p.  136  of  the  same 
olume. 

J.  R.  M.  and  W.  S.  S.— Forwarded  to  MR.  BERNAU. 


u  s.  ii.  SEPT.  10,  i9io.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


201 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  10,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-No.  37. 

JfOTES:-The  House  of  La  Tremoille,  201- Vanishing 
London  :  Proprietary  Chapels,  202 — '  London  Gazette '  : 
Early  Advertisements,  203 — '  Hungary  in  the  Eighteenth 
Century' — "  Freckle"  and  "Speckled":  their  Etymo- 
logy, 204 — Anthony  Babington,  the  Conspirator— Richard 
•Crashaw  at  Rome — Rostand's  '  Chantecler ' — Tenducci 
Anecdotes,  205 — Robert  Hayman,  Poet — Carlyle's  '  French 
Revolution  '  in  a  French  Version— Fulham  Deed  of  1627— 
"  Martinet,"  206. 

-QUERIES :— "Scupper"  — The  Durham  Boat  on  the 
Delaware— T.  Leighton,  M.P.— Col.  Phaire,  207— Francis 
Thompson — Pope  Adrian  IV.  and  the  Emerald  Isle — Earl 
of  Arundel's  Brother  and  Uncle  Arrested — Jew's  Eye, 
208— Greenwich  Market— The  Tygris,  London  Subter- 
ranean River — Barlow  Trecothick,  Lord  Mayor — John 
Lathom,  Carver  to  French  Queen  —  Jeremy  Taylor's 
Descendants— Hobby-Horse,  209. 

REPLIES  :-Gulston  Addison's  Death,  210;  'Hudibras': 
Earliest  Pirated  Edition—"  Unecungga,"  211— Smollett's 
'  History  of  England  '—Authors  of  Quotations,  213— Flint 
Firelocks  in  the  Crimean  War— D'Eresby,  214— 'Oliver 
Twist'  on  the  Stage— "Sorning"— "Ora"="  Noria''— 
Follies,  215 -Ob vention  Bread— "  Barn  "  in  Place-Names 
—  '  The  English  Freeholder '  —  Wendell  Holmes  and 
'  N.  &  Q.'— Sowine  by  Hand,  216— Toe  and  Finger  Names- 
Morganatic  Marriages — Buddha  in  Christian  Art — Corio 
Arms,  217— Snails  as  Food— Speaker's  Chair,  218. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:— 'Longmans' Historical  Illustrations 
— '  In  English  Homes ' — Reviews  and  Magazines. 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THE   HOUSE    OF    LA   TREMOILLE. 

IN  a  notice  of  the  second  issue  of  the  Marquis 
de  Ruvigny's  book  '  The  Nobilities  of 
Europe,'  which  appeared  in  The  Athenceum 
for  2  July  last,  the  reviewer  says  that 
"  Marshal  Macdonald's  French  dukedom 
of  the  Empire  reminds  us  of  our  inability 
to  trace  the  similar  but  ancient  Angevin  - 
Neapolitan  title  now  borne  by  the  son  of  the 
Due  de  La  Tremoille  " — the  title  in  question 
being  that  of  "  Prince  de  Tarente.'* 

I  have  not  seen  the  Marquis  de  Ruvigny's 
book,  but  I  am  surprised  to  find  that  the 
origin  and  descent  of  this  title  have  not  been 
traced  in  it.  I  can  conceive  no  more  fasci- 
nating work  than  one  which  relates  the 
history  of  the  old  feudal  families  of  France — 
Oamont  and  Rohan,  Noailles  and  Morte-, 


mart,  La  Rochefoucauld  and  La  Tour 
dlAuvergne,  and  many  others,  amongst 
which  that  of  La  Tremoille  presents  not  the 
fewest  romantic  episodes,  from  the  days  of 
the  crusader  of  1096,  Guy  de  La  Tremoille, 
to  those  of  the  gallant  Prince  de  Talmond, 
who  was  shot  in  La  Vendee  when  fighting 
for  the  cause  of  the  Bourbons.  Claiming 
descent  from  the  sovereign  Counts  of  Poitou, 
and  holding  the  hereditary  office  of  Great 
Chamberlain  of  Burgundy,  in  1446  Louis  I. 
de  La  Tremoille  married  Marguerite  d'Am- 
boise,  a  great  heiress  who  brought  into  the 
family  the  principality  of  Talmond  and  the 
viscounty  of  Thouars,  which  in  1563  was 
erected  into  a  duchy,  the  dukedom  of  La 
Tremoille  following  -  not  long .  afterwards, 
in  1595. 

In  1497-8  Pope  Alexander  VI.  planned  to 
marry  his  son,  Caesar  Borgia,  to  Charlotte 
of  Aragon,  Princesse  de  Taronte,  the  daughter 
and  heiress  of  Frederic,  King  of  Naples, 
who  in  1501  was  dispossessed  of  his  kingdom 
by  his  kinsman  Ferdinand  the  Catholic. 
The  proposed  marriage  did  not  come  off, 
and  the  young  lady  was  wedded  to  the 
Count  Guy  XVI.  de  Laval.  Her  only 
daughter  and  heiress,  Anne  de  Laval,  was 
married  in  1521  to  Fra^ois  de  La  Tremoille, 
Prince  de  Talmond,  the  great -grandson  of 
Louis  I.  and  Marguerite  d'Amboise,  who,  as 
legitimate  heir  to  the  throne  of  Naples  in 
right  of  his  wife,  assumed  the  title  of  Prince 
de  Tarente.  Although  the  claims  of  the 
house  of  La  Tremoille  were  never  formally 
recognized,  they  were  acknowledged  to  a 
certain  extent  by  Louis  XIV.,  who  in  1691 
allowed  the  members  of  the  family  to  rank 
as  sovereign  princes,  and  gave  the  princesses 
the  exceptional  right  of  the  tabouret  before 
marriage.  The  title  of  Prince  de  Tarente 
has  always  been  borne  by  the  eldest  son  of 
the  Due  de  La  Tremoille,  with  precedence 
over  that  of  Prince  de  Talmond. 

The  reviewer  also  names  as  of  interest 
the  legal  circumstances  by  which  the  Due 
de  La  Tremoille  is  the  owner  by  descent  of 
Serrant,  the  magnificent  residence  of  the 
Walshes.  This  property  came  into  .  the 
family  by  the  marriage  of  the  Due  Charles 
de  La  Tremoille  with  Josephine  Eugenie 
Valentine,  Comtesse  de  Serrant.  On  the 
death  of  that  lady  in  1887,  her  son,  the 
present  duke,  Louis  Charles  de  La  Tre- 
moille, inherited  the  property.  An  extra- 
ordinary account  of  the  origin  of  the  Walshes 
of  Serrant  will  be  found  in  O'Callaghan's 
book,  *  The  Irish  Brigades  in  the  Service 
of  France,'  1870,  pp.  94-7. 

W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 


202 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [11  s.  n.  SEPT.  10, 1910. 


VANISHING  LONDON :  PROPRIETARY 
CHAPELS. 

WITH  the  passing  of  Belgrave  Chapel  the 
proprietary  chapels  are  fast  becoming  relics 
of  bygone  times,  and  before  long  readers  of 

*  The  Newcomes  l  will  be  wondering  what 
is    the    meaning    of     "  Lady    Whittlesea's 
Chapel,'2     under     the    pastorate     of     "  the 
beloved  and  popular  preacher,  that  elegant 
divine  the  Rev.  Charles  Honeyman,52  with 
wine    cellars     underneath,    and    the     wine 
merchant's  name,  "  Sherrick,^  on  the  cellar 
door.     It  was  the  counterpart  of  Bedford 
Chapel,     formerly    in    Bloomsbury     Street, 
for,     like     "  Lady     Whittlesea's     Chapel," 
Bedford  Chapel  had  wine  cellars  underneath. 
Mr.  George  Clinch  in  his  '  Bloomsbury  and 
St.  Giles's  J  states   that  it  was   first  opened 
in  1771,  being  held  on  lease  from  the  Duke 
of  Bedford  from  Lady  Day,  1768  : — 

"  The  covenants  stated  that  the  chapel  should  not 
be  consecrated,  and  that  nothing  should  be  done  in 
it  except  preaching,  reading  prayers  and  psalms  in 
the  Common  Prayer  Book,  and  administering  the 
Sacrament.  The  clergyman's  salary  was  at  the  same 
time  fixed  at  100Z.  a  year  ;  or  if  two  ministers  should 
perform  the  duty,  the  one  officiating  in  the  morning 
was  to  be  allowed  60£.  per  annum,  arid  the  one  doing 
the  afternoon  duty  4QL  per  annum." 

On  the  4th  of  February,  1896,  the  tearing 
down  of  this  chapel  was  commenced,  and 
MB.  C.  BOASE,  a  valued  contributor  to 

*  N.  &  Q.'  as  well  as    the  '  D.N.B.,*  gave  a 
sketch  of  its  history  in   '  N.   &   Q.J  of  the 
21st  of  March,  and  suggested  that,  as  these 
chapels  were  rapidly  disappearing,    "  some 
facts   respecting   these   buildings   and   their 
histories  would  make  interesting  reading  in 
'  N.  &  Q.,*  more  particularly  as  hardly  any- 
thing is  to  be  found  on  the  subject  in  any 
one  of  the  numerous  books  written  about 
London.'* 

At  the  opening  of  the  chapel,  MB.  JOHN 
TUCKETT  stated  on  the  30th  of  May  (8  S. 
ix.  430)  the  Rev.  John  Trusler,  D.D.,  its 
first  clergyman,  preached,  and  in  the  evening 
Dr.  Dodd.  COL.  PBIDEAUX  in  the  same 
number  mentions  that  a  pamphlet  in  his 
possession,  '  An  Account  of  the  Life  and 
Writings  of  William  Dodd,  LL.D.,  1777,' 
states  that  this  "  chapel,  which  was  built  in 
Charlotte  Street,  and  others  which  he 
became  a  sharer  in,  are  supposed  not  to  have 
succeeded  in  a  manner  answerable  to  his 
expectations,"  and  that  the  losses  which  he 
thus  incurred  led  him  into  the  extravagant 
courses  which  resulted  in  his  ruin. 


Both  MB.  BOASE  and  COL.  PBIDEAUX 
refer  to  Bellew,  who  was  the  incumbent 
from  1862  to  1868.  During  his  ministry 
the  chapel  was  full  to  overflowing,  and  his 
reading  of  the  Litany  will  never  be  forgotten 
by  those  who  heard  it.  In  the  vestry  he 
would  frequently  on  weekdays  give  recita- 
tions from  Shakespeare  to  friends.  Araom? 
his  popular  lectures  was  one  on  India 
delivered  at  Exeter  Hall  at  the  time  of  the 
Mutiny.  I  was  present  at  this,  and  never 
saw  the  building  more  crowded.  He  and 
Spurgeon  were  caricatured  in  a  broadside 
which  was  sold  in  the  streets,  entitled 
'  Brimstone  and  Treacle  *  Spurgeon,  of 
course,  being  Brimstone,  and  Bellew  Treacle. 
Spurgeon,  as  was  his  wont,  took  it  good- 
naturedly,  and  added  it  to  his  collection  of 
caricatures  of  himself,  of  which  he  possessed 
a  large  number.  He  reproduced  it  in  his 
history  of  the  Metropolitan  Tabernacle,  a 
copy  of  which,  now  before  me,  he  gave  my 
father,  with  some  very  kind  words  written 
in  it  in  his  fine  clear  hand. 

Another    incumbent    was    Mr.     Stopford 
Augustus  Brooke. 

In  all  probability  it  was  to  this  chapel 
that   Theodore  Hook  referred  in  his   well-  i 
known     lines.       ESTE      (the    late    Samuel 
Timmins)  on  the   llth  of  July,    1896   (8  S.  i 
x.    38),   gave  the  following  as   the  original 
version  : — 

Tis  right  that  the  friends  of  this  building  should  i 

know 

There 's  a  spirit  above,  and  a  spirit  below  : 
The  spirit  above  is  the  spirit  divine, 
But  the  spirit  below  is  the  spirit  of  wine. 

MB.  JOHN  T.  PAGE  and   MB.   EDWABD  H. 
MABSHALL  also  have  notes  on  the  subject. 

Until    the    removal    of    Bedford    Chapel, 
Bloomsbury  Street  was  remarkable  for  having : 
three  places  of  worship   together,   all  in  a1 
row.     Next  to  Bedford  Chapel  Sir  Morton 
Peto  caused  to  be  erected  Bloomsbury  Chapel, 
with  its  two  handsome  towers  ;    and  at  the 
time  of  its  opening  on  December  5th,  1848. 
this  was  regarded  as  the  cathedral  of  the 
Baptist   denomination.     Next   to   it   is   the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Church  of  the  Savoy.; 
Of  this  Mr.  Clinch  gives  an  interesting  account 
in  his  work  on  Bloomsbury,  stating  that  "  £ 
paper  by  William  Morris  Beaufort,  Esq.,  ie| 
printed  in  the  second  volume  of  the  Pro 
ceedings  of  the  Huguenot  Society  of  London 
pp.  493-518."     An  old  inhabitant  of  Coveni 
Garden,  MB.  DOSSETOB,  contributes  a  notr 
on  the  30th  of  May,    1896   (8  S.  ix.   430). 
concerning    the    changes    in    the    name   o; 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  10,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


203 


Bloomsbury  (formerly  Charlotte)  Street 
and  other  streets  in  its  neighbourhood. 

On  Sunday,  the  7th  of  last  month,  the 
final  service  was  held  in  Belgrave  Chapel, 
East  Halkin  Street.  The  Daily  Telegraph 
in  an  article  refers  to  the  fact  that 

'•  at  one  time  there  were  several  of  these  indepen- 
dent   or   semi-independent   chapels    in    and    near 
Knightsbridge.   Proprietary  meeting-houses  existed 
in  Chapel   Street,  in  Eaton  Square,  in  Montpelier 
Street,  and  near  Trevor  Square.       But  the  most 
famous  of  them  all  was  the  little  chapel  known  as 
Knightsbridge  Chapel  or  Trinity  Chapel,  which  was 
;  pulled  down  within  the  memory  of  all  of  us,  and 
|  the  site  added  to  the  French  Embassy  at  Albert 
I  Gate." 

This  chapel  was 

"originally  connected  in  some  obsgure  way  with 

Westminster  Abbey,  or  at  least  with  St.  Margaret's. 
i  It  received  a  new  lease  in  1629,  when  the  Bishop  of 
|  London's  licence  was  granted  to  it  as  a  proprietary 
i  incumbency.  It  was  rebuilt  and  enlarged  in  1699, 
I  and  refronted  in  1789.  The  chapel  that  Londoners 

still    remember   was  a    modern    reconstruction    in 

1861 

"  Until  1753  marriages,  often  of  interesting  per- 
sonages, were  performed  there ;  and  although  it 

,  never  carried  the  unsavoury  reputation  that  attached 
to  the  Fleet  Chapel  or  Mayfair  Chapel,  that  many 

;  of  the  alliances  here  contracted  were  open  to 
criticism  is  clear  from  the  number  of  marriages 
which  are  specially  marked  in  the  register  as  being 
'secret.'  Mr.  Chancellor  in  his  history  of  Knights- 
bridge  makes  reference  to  some  of  these." 

For  the  past  twelve  years  the  history  of 
Belgrave  Chapel  has  been  specially  interest- 
ing, its  pastor  having  been  the  Rev. 
HVrbert  Marston,  and  The  Daily  Chronicle 
of  the  llth  ult.,  which  contains  his  por- 
trait and  an  illustration  of  the  Chapel, 
records  that  he  "  has  been  blind  from  his 
youth.  While  still  at  school,  he  became 
the  first  blind  student  to  adopt  the  Braille 
system  to  Greek,  and  won  against  all 
competitors  a  classical  scholarship  at 
Durham  University.  He  has  learnt  to 
speak  and  write  from  modern  languages, 
and  he  became  Professor  of  English 
Literature  at  his  own  Alma  Mater." 
At  the  Chapel  he  read  the  lessons  and 
preached,  and  personally  conducted  the 
whole  social  work  of  the  church,  and  he  has 
won  the  affection  and  reverence  of  all.  On 
Saturday,  the  13th  of  August,  he  delivered 
up  the  keys  of  his  beloved  chapel  to  the 
representatives  of  the  Duke  of  West- 
rninster,  the  owner,  and  it  is  anticipated 
that  a  pile  of  modern  flats  will  be  erected 
on  its  site. 

JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 


'  LONDON     GAZETTE  ' :      EARLY 
ADVERTISEMENTS. 

IN  the  early  issues  of  The  London  Gazette 
are  many  advertisements  containing  infor- 
mation that  is  now  of  much  interest.  I  offer 
the  following  examples  to  the  readers  of 
'  N.  &  Q.»  :— 

"  All  persons  that  desire  to  make  use  of  the  New 
Invention  of  Major  Thorny  Franke,  for  the 
hanging  of  coppers,  by  which  a  third  part  of  the 
fuel,  which,  otherwise  will  be  spent,  may  be  easily 
saved,  may  repair  to  Mr.  Collins,  or  to  Mr.  Dodd 
at  the  Eagle  and  Childe,  a  brewhouse  in  St.  Giles 
in  the  fields,  where  they  shall  receive  full  satis- 
faction."— London  Gazette  136,  March  4-7, 1666. 

"  These  are  to  give  Notice  that  Order  is  taken 
for  the  Printing  of  all  Ordinary  Advertisements  at 
the  Office  of  the  Clerk  and  Register  of  the  Passes , 
at  the  Peacock  in  the  Strand  [printed  Saand]." — 
London  Gazette  159,  May  23-27,  1667. 

"  Several  Chymicall  Preparations,  besides  those 
mentioned  by  Mr.  Boyle  in  his  Book  of  the  Useful- 
ness of  Natural  and  Experimental  Philosophy, 
made  by  a  skilful  hand  ;  are  sold  by  Mr.  Morgan, 
a  Grocer  in  Henrietta  Street,  Covent  Garden,  and 
by  Mr.  Octavian  Pulleyn  Junior,  a  Stationer 
at  the  King's  Head  in  Little  Britain." — London 
Gazette  242,  March  9-12,  1667. 

"  Sir  Samuel  Morland,  having  for  divers  late- 
years,  by  His  Majesties  special  Command  and  En- 
couragement, closely  applied  himself  to  the  pain- 
ful study  of  numbers  ;  and  having  at  last  (thorow 
the  Blessing  of  God  upon  his  endeavours)  though 
with  the  expense  of  considerable  sums,  found  out 
two  very  useful  instruments  ;  the  one  serving  for 
Addition  and  substraction  [sic]  of  any  Number  of 
Pounds,  Shillings,  Pence,  and  Farthings,  or  of  any 
other  Coins,  Weights  and  Measures,  either  of  this,, 
of  any  other  Kingdom,  Nation,  or  Language  what- 
soever. The  other,  for  the  ready  performance  of 
Multiplication  and  Division,  together  with  the 
Extraction  of  the  Square  and  Cube  Roots  and 
that  to  any  Number  of  Places  required  :  And 
all  this  without  charging  the  Memory,  distracting 
the  mind,  or  exposing  the  Operator  to  any  un- 
certainty which  no  other  method  hitherto  pub- 
lished, can  justly  pretend  to. 

"  These  are  therefore  to  give  notice  to  all  who 
desire  further  satisfaction  concerning  the  premises 
that  they  may  inquire  of  Mr.  Thomas  Plucknett  at 
his  Fathers  House  in  the  New  Palace  West- 
minster ;  with  whom  are  lodged  Instruments  of 
both  Kinds,  hi  greater  and  lesser  volumes  and  of 
whom  either  Native  or  Foreigner  may  bespeak, 
and  in  a  very  short  time,  and  at  as  reasonable  a 
rate  as  the  nature  of  the  work  will  afford,  be 
furnished  with  any  such  Instruments,  together 
with  most  ample  and  distinct  Instructions  for  all 
the  aforesaid  operations." — London  Gazette  253, 
April  16-20,  1668. 

"  Mr.  Ogilby's  Lottery  of  Books  opens  on  Mon- 
day the  25th  instant,  at  the  Old  Theater,  between 
Lincolns -Inn-Fields  and  Vere-Street ;  where  all 
persons  concerned  may  repair  on  Monday  May 
18th  and  see  the  volumes  and  put  in  their  Money." 
— London  Gazette  261,  May  14-18,  1668. 

"  Mr.  Ogilby's  Lottery  of  Books  (Adventurers 
comming  in  so  fast  that  they  cannot  in  so  short 


204 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  10, 1910. 


time  be  methodically  registred)  opens  not  till 
Tuesday  the  2d  of  June  ;  then  not  failing  to 
draw  ;  at  the  Old  Theater  between  Lincoln  s -Inn- 
Fields  and  Vere-Street."  —  London  Gazette  263, 
May  21-25,  1668. 

"  Egbertus  Wills  of  the  city  of  Utricht,  skilled 
in  the  cures  of  crookedness  and  other  defects  of 
body,  hath  quitted  his  Lodging  in  Aldersgate- 
street  and  hath  taken  a  House  in  St.  Albans 
buildings  in  Charles  Street  at  the  sign  of  the 
Prince  of  Orange." — London  Gazette  329,  Jan.  7-11, 
1668. 

"  Philibert  Rydaels,  a  stranger  lately  arrived 
in  England,  dwelleth  at  Brompton  Park  neer 
Knightsbridge,  where  he  practises  the  Art  or 
Mistery  of  Painting  and  Guilding  of  Leather 
in  Forrest-works,  Flowers  and  Figures,  proper 
for  the  adorning  of  Chappels,  Dining  Rooms, 
Chambers,  Galleries  and  Closets,  with  Beauty  and 
Lustre,  which  will  endure  many  ages,  selling  them 
at  reasonable  prizes  [sic]." — London  Gazette  387, 
July  29-Aug.  2,  1669. 

"  Lost  out  of  a  Coach  between  the  Hay- 
Market  and  Whitehal  the  12th  instant,  Basilius 
Valentinus,  the  First  part  in  High  Dutch  the 
later  in  Latine,  a  Book  in  Octavo  bound  in 
Velom  with  Red  leaves,  belonging  to  his  Highness 
Prince  Rupert ;  whosoever  shall  bring  it  to 
James  Hays  Esquire  at  his  Lodgings  neer  St. 
Alban  in  St.  Albans  street  shall  be  well  rewarded 
for  their  pains." — London  Gazette  419,  Nov.  18-22, 
1669. 

E.  WYNDHAM  HULME. 


'  HUNGARY  IN  THE  EIGHTEENTH  CENTURY.* 
— That  "reviewers  may  still  be  of  service 
in  pointing  out  faults  in  the  book  "  is  the 
opinion  of  the  erudite  reviewer  of  my  book 
*  Hungary  in  the  Eighteenth  Century '  in 
'  N.  &  Q.'  for  20  August.  If  readers  may 
be  grateful  for  the  detection  of  slips  which 
even  the  learned  critic  might  admit  to  be  of 
no  great  moment,  as  they  do  not  touch  the 
•essential  part  of  the  book,  I  also  should  be 
grateful  that  he  has  contented  himself  with 
paucis  maculis.  Nevertheless,  forgive  me 
for  replying  to  the  assertions  of  your  re- 
viewer, as  I  feel  myself  responsible  for  what 
I  have  written,  not  only  to  the  public,  but 
also  to  the  Cambridge  University  Press. 

The  first  remark  is  that  many  foot-notes  are 
useless,  specially  that  on  p.  203,  as  it  refers 
to  documents  published  in  a  periodical  and 
*'  subsequently  republished  in  book  form.'1 
The  reviewer  is  certainly  unaware  that  the 
edition  in  book  form  was  one  of  fifty  copies 
only.  Hence  it  was  much  safer  to  refer 
to  the  periodical,  of  which  more  copies 
exist.  The  fact  that  the  ' '  page  is  not  given  " 
is  perhaps  no  great  fault,  as  the  publication 
of  '  Regesta '  proceeds  in  chronological 
order,  and  the  year  1691  is  in  the  text. 

"There  was  no  King  Ladislas  in  1514." 
Quite  true,  but  the  fault  of  using  this  form 


of  the  name  is  not  the  translator's,  nor  mine, 
but  that  of  George  Bessenyei,  who  is  quoted 
on  p.  178,  and  who  wrote  "  Laszlo  Kiraly  " 
King  Ladislas.  The  learned  reviewer  surely 
knows  that  the  difference  between  LadisJas 
and  Uladislav  is  purely  one  of  scholarship 
and  orthography.  Proverb  and  song  speak 
only  of  "  Dobzse  Laszlo 'z  and  "  Lengyel 
Laszlo.'1  Prince  Rakoczi,  when  writing 
on  the  same  event — the  peasant  revolt  in 
1514 — uses  also  the  form  Ladislas. 

The  reviewer  is  formally  right  when  he 
finds  fault  with  the  use  of  the  terms 
"  Serbs  "  and  "  Rascians  "  in  the  book.  In 
adding  that  "  the  uninitiated  reader  will 
consequently  be  puzzled,''  he  overlooked 
the  fact  that  an  explanation  is  given  not  only 
in  the  foot-note  on  p.  197,  but  also  in  the 
text  and  in  the  glossary. 

I  think  that  my  kind  critic  will  be  aston- 
ished to  hear  that  the  Regius  Professor  of 
History  who  expressed  regret  that  he  was 
unable  to  discover  the  Hungarian  corona- 
tion oath  was  no  less  a  man  than  Dr.  Stubbs. 

Forgive  me  one  further  remark.  The 
excellent  reviewer  thinks  that  Mr.  Temperley 
is  too  severe  on  the  Magyars.  I  think 
that  the  great  pains  he  has  taken  about  .this 
book  show  his  sympathy  for  our  country 
better  than  do  any  words.  Sympathy  and 
truth  are  compatible  with  the  mentioning  of  i 
faults  and  of  mediaeval  practices  and  cere- 
monies. I  suppose,  moreover,  that  the 
reviewer  will  agree  with  me  in  wishing  that 
the  hussar  with  drawn  sword  before  the 
council  hall  were  the  worst  remnant  of 
primitive  savagery. 

PROF.  HENRY  MARCZALI. 

"  FRECKLE  "  AND  "  SPECKLED  "  :  THEIR 
ETYMOLOGY. — I  think  I  am  right  in  saying 
that  no  satisfactory  etymology  of  these 
two  words  has  been  suggested  in  English: 
dictionaries.  '  N.E.D.'  under  the  word 
"  freckle  "  has  nothing  to  say  on  its  deriva- 
tion ;  and  Prof.  Skeat  in  the  new  edition 
of  his  dictionary,  under  the  words  "  freckle" 
and  "  speck,"  is  not  able  to  suggest  anything 
about  the  origin  of  the  two  words  which 
I  have  placed  at  the  head  of  this  note. 

I  would  suggest  that  the  words  "  freckle  " 
and  "speckled"  may  be  related.  In  the 
first  place,  it  is  possible  that  the  initial  / 
and  sp  may  both  represent  an  original  sp. 
the  loss  of  the  sibilant  in  this  combination 
being  not  without  example  in  the  Indo- 
Germanic  languages  ;  compare,  for  instance 
the  relationship  between  the  Latin  word? 
spuma,  .pumex,  and  our  English  foam , 
also  between  Gr.  o-7rtyyos,  Welsh  pine,  anc 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  10,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


205 


our  E.  words  spink  and  finch.  In  the  second 
place,  the  original  form  of  "speckled" 
appears  to  have  been  "spreckled,"  a  not 
uncommon  form  in  the  dialects,  as  may  be 
seen  in  '  E.D.D.'  For  the  loss  of  the  r  sound 
after  sp  compare  E.  speak  with  G.  sprechen. 
Thirdly,  there  is  an  old  German  word  cited 
by  Schade,  namely,  spreckel,  used  in  the 
precise  sense  of  "  freckle."  Compare  Swed. 
sprdcklig,  "spreckled,  spotted.'1  Now  this 
spreckel  is  compared  by  etymologists  with 
Gr.  irepKvos  and  the  Skr.  prcni,  "  speckled.'* 
Skr.  prQni  is  derived  by  Sanskritists  from  a 
root  which  occurs  in  the  double  form  of 
sprc  and  pic.  For  the  k  sound  in  freckle 
and  speckled  compare  the  history  of  the 
word  "  fickle  "  as  given  in  Skeat's  dictionary, 
Is.v.  A.  L.  MAYHEW. 

ANTHONY  BABINGTON,  THE  CPNSPIBATOB. 
— There  is  a  carefully  written  account  of 
Anthony  Babington,  the  conspirator,  in  the 
'D.N.B.,'  ii.  308-11.  Much  has  been  said 
about  him  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  and  many  notices  of 
him  are  to  be  found  in  The  Reliquary. 
Nevertheless  an  abstract  of  the  following 
deed,  now  in  my  possession,  may  prove 
interesting. 

I  By  agreements,  dated  28  May  in  the  case 
of  Bullock,  and  4  May  in  that  of  six  others, 
Babington  had  sold  to  them  divers  mes- 
_res,  lands,  tenements,  and  hereditaments 
in  the  parish  of  Norton,  co.  Derby,  a  few 
miles  south  of  Sheffield.  These  agreements 
were  followed  by  an  "  Indenture,  octopartite, 
made  the  furst  daye  of  June  in  the  xxvijth 
yere  of  the  reigne  of  oure  most  gracyous 
Sou'aigne  Ladye  Elizabethe,  by  the  grace 
of  god  Quene  of  England,  Fraunce,  and 
[Yreland,  Defendore  of  the  Faithe,  &c.,"  for 
;he  purpose  of  declaring  the  uses  of  the 
ine  to  be  levied  and  the  recovery  to  be 
suffered  by  "  Anthony  Babyngton  of  Deth- 
ycke  in  the  county e  of  Darbye,  Esquyer," 
and  Margery  his  wife. 

It  is  "  covenanted,  concluded,  conde- 
scended, and  agreed  "  that  "  somyche  and 
all  suche  part  '*  of  the  premises  as  had  been 
sold  to  each  purchaser  should  be  to  him, 
tiis  heirs  and  assigns  for  ever.  These  seven 
purchasers  were  John  Bullocke  of  Derley, 
co.  Derby,  Esq.,  Jherom  Rolynsone  of 
Norton,  yeoman,  William  Rolynsone  of 
Little  Norton,  husbandman,  Edward  Gyll 
of  Sheffield,  yeoman,  John  Urton,  alias 
Stevyne,  the  younger,  of  Norton  (no  addi- 
tion), John  Waynewright  of  Norton,  "  sythe- 
smythe,'1  and  Godfrey  Atkyne  of  Norton, 
weaver.  The  consideration  money  is  not 
mentioned,  the  property  is  not  described, 
and  there  are  no  witnesses.  All  the  seals 


have  been  cut  off.  The  signature  "  Anthony 
Babington  "  is  in  a  good  hand  ;  the  others 
are  :  "  p'me  Joh'em  Bullocke  n  (probably 
a  lawyer),  "  Jerom  Rollynsone,'*  "  John 
Stephen,"  "  John  Wainwright." 

One  copy  of  the  deed  was  made  for  each 
purchaser.  This  belonged  to  "  Godfridus 
Atkyne,"  whose  name  is  thus  endorsed. 
The  document  measures  14  in.  by  20  in. 

Babington' s  face  must  have  been  a  study 
when  he  read  the  "  style  "  of  Queen  Eliza- 
beth. The  date  is  1  June,  1585.  The  plot 
came  to  a  head  about  April,  1586  ;  he  was 
arrested  in  August,  and  executed  on  20 
September.  W.  C.  B. 

RICHARD  CBASHAW  AT  ROME.  —  An  in- 
teresting anecdote  about  Crashaw  is  con- 
tained in  a  letter  written  by  Robert  South- 
well from  Rome  at  the  close  of  1660,  and 
printed  by  the  Historical  MSS.  Commission 
in  their  account  of  the  manuscripts  of  the 
Earl  of  Egmont  (vol.  i.  pt.  ii.,  1905,  p.  616)  : 

"  The  last  night  one  was  telling  me  the  life  and 
death  of  your  famous  Cambridge  wit,  Crashaw, 
who  coming  here  to  the  last  Pope  Innocent, 
declared  his  condition  and  abilities,  and  that  he 
had  left  all  for  the  Roman  Church,  so  in  fine 
expecting  to  meet  with  a  happy  maintenance  here, 
the  Pope  gave  him  but  twenty  pistoles,  with  which 
departing  very  ill  satisfied,  he  told  the  person  that 
presented  him,  certainly  if  the  Roman  church  be 
not  founded  upon  a  rock,  it  is  at  least  founded 
upon  something  which  is  as  hard  as  a  rock.  He 
after,  by  the  favour  of  a  Cardinal,  got  a  place  of 
two  hundred  crowns  a  year,  but  in  a  short  time 
after  died." 

W.    P.    COUBTNEY. 

ROSTAND'S  '  CHANTECLEB.' — I  do  not 
know  whether  a  fairly  obvious  misprint 
has  been  noticed  in  this  famous  play.  My 
copy  is  one  of  the  ninth  thousand,  and  on 
p.  194  the  last  four  lines  run  : — 

C'est  qu'on  peut  6tre  sur  qu'il  a  1'air  gamine 
Puisqu'il  a  gamine  lorsqu'il  criait  famine  ; 
Non  fameux  :  "  Oh  !  la  la  ! "  qui  n  argue  le  passant 
S'est  qu'un  cri  de  douleur  dont  on  changea  1'accent. 

It  is  evident  that  the  printers  have  here 
changed  the  first  letters  of  the  last  two  lines, 
which   make   nonsense    as    they   stand.     It 
is  a  pity  there  should  be  a  misprint  here, 
as  a  few  lines  further  on  in  the  same  speech 
comes  the  best  line  in  the  play  : — 
II  faut  savoir  mourir  pour  s'appeler  Gavroche  ! 
DE  V.  PAYEN-PAYNE. 

TENDUCCI  ANECDOTES. — Some  anecdotes 
of  this  worthy  are  printed  in  The  Morning 
Post  of  16  and  28  June,  1781.  Future 
writers  may  be  glad  to  consult  them. 

W.   ROBEBTS. 


206 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  IL  SEPT.  10,1910. 


ROBERT  HAYMAN,  POET. — The  tenth  part, 
p.  219,  of  the  Calendar  of  the  MSS.  of  the 
Marquis  of  Salisbury  (Hist.  MSS.  Com., 
1904,  Cd.  2052)  adds  a  little  information  to 
our  knowledge  of  this  worthy.  It  chro- 
nicles a  letter  from  Nicholas  Hayman,  dated 
Dartmouth,  1  July,  1600,  to  Sir  Robert 
Cecil,  begging  "  for  employment  for  the 
bearer,  his  eldest  son,  Robert,  a  bachelor  of 
arts  of  Oxford,  who  has  also  studied  at 
Poitiers."  W.  P.  COURTNEY. 

CARLYLE'S  '  FRENCH  REVOLUTION  ?  IN  A 
FRENCH  VERSION. — On  p.  86  of  Dr.  Richard 
Garnett's  '  Life  of  Thomas  Carlyle  *  we  read 
that  there  is  a  good  French  translation  of 
the  '  French  Revolution  *  by  Regnault  and 
Barot.  This  statement  seems  remarkable  to 
one  who  has  examined  the  work  carefully. 
Apparently  Dr.  Garnett  had  read  only  the 
first  volume.  The  second  volume  was 
translated  by  Regnault  and  Roche  ;  and  the 
third  by  Jules  Roche  only.  In  the  second 
chapter  of  the  first  volume  Carlyle  wrote 
of  Charlemagne  sleeping  with  truncheon 
grounded,  which  appears  in  French  "  avec 
son  sceptre  vermoulu.n 

Carlyle  wrote,"  One  hopes  it  might  be 
de  Breze,u  and  the  French  version  is 
"  Esperons  que  ce  ne  fut  pas  de  Breze.*2 
An  isolated  error  would  not,  of  course,  mar 
greatly  the  value  of  such  a  work  ;  but  this 
sort  of  blunder  occurs  often,  reversing 
completely  the  meaning  of  the  original. 
If  the  author  asked  (in  the  Sallede  Manege), 
"  Is  it  incredible  ?  n  and  implied  that  it  was 
quite  credible,  we  should  hardly  expect 
"II  est  incroyable."'  One  would  think  that 
"will  hinder  no  journey  to  Saint  -Cloud  " 
was  plain  enough,  but  we  find  "  empechera 
toute  marche  sur  Saint-  Cloud n  as  the 
translation  ('  Grand  Acceptance  *). 

In  this  same  chapter  there  are  many 
quaint  renderings,  as  "  L'histoire  roule  pour 
eux  dans  ses  vagues  son  muet  et  silencieux 
adieu,n  for  "History  waves  them  her  mute 
adieu  "  ;  and  "  While  computed  time  runs  " 
is  rendered  "  Pendant  qu'il  est  calcule  le 
temps  passe." 

Perhaps  the  most  amazing  version  appears 
in  the  chapter  *  Avignon,'  "  A  Madame 
d'Udon  (or  some  such  name,  for  Dumont 
does  not  recollect  quite  clearly ),"  being 
represented  by  "  Une  madame  Dudon  (ou 
un  nom  semblable,  Dumont,  on  ne  se  le 
rappelle  pas  exactement)." 

In  the  chapter  '  Usher  Maillard  J  there  is 
mention  made  of  a  sheepskin  drum.  The 
French  translators  made  it  "  peau  d'ane," 
and  the  German  rendering  is  "  Kalbsfell." 


One  wonders  what  right  the  translators  had 
to  make  this  variation. 

There  are  three  German  versions  of 
Carlyle's  'French  Revolution,'  all  accurate 
and  excellent  in  my  opinion.  It  is  no 
wonder  that  the  French  have  not  appre- 
ciated Carlyle's  great  epic  if  their  sole 
knowledge  of  it  has  been  gleaned  from  the 
pages  of  Regnault,  Barot,  and  Roche. 

THOMAS  FLINT. 

Biblioth£que  Nationale,  Paris. 

FULHAM  DEED  OF  1627. — Students  of  the 
late  Mr.  C.  J.  Feret's  monumental  work, 
'  Old  and  New  Fulham,'  may  be  interested 
in  the  following  abstract  of  a  deed  of  bargain 
and  sale  relating  to  Fulham  contained  among 
the  parish  deeds  of  SS.  Anne  and  Agnes, 
Aldersgate. 

25  July,  1627,  Peter  Hey  wood  of  West- 
minster, Middlesex,  Esq.,  grants  in  per- 
petuity to  John  Hart  of  the  parish  of 
Fulham,  gentleman,  in  consideration  of  the 
payment  of  140Z.,  four  messuages  lately 
divided  into  five,  with  orchards,  gardens, 
yards,  "  backsides,'2  &c.,  belonging  to  the 
same,  situated  at  ' '  Beare  Streete  in  or  near 
Fulham,'*  now  or  late  in  the  several  occupa- 
tions of  Richard  Feild,  Moses  Chaplaine, 
John  Clisby,  Edward  Wells,  Timothy 
Barnes,  and  another,  abutting  upon  the 
king's  highway  leading  from  Walham  Green 
to  "  Fulham  Ferrie  "  on  the  north  and  west,  j 
upon  "a  back  lane  or  way  "  on  the  east,  \ 
and  upon  lands  now  or  late  in  the  tenure 
of  a  person  named  Smith  on  the  south.  All 
the  property  was  purchased  by  the  said  Peter  j 
Heywood,  freehold,  from  Thomas  Clay- 
brooke  of  English  Bicknor,  co.  Gloucester,  ; 
gentleman,  and  Anne  his  wife,  by  deed  of 
15  June  preceding. 

The  deed  was  formerly  embellished  with  ! 
the  signature  and  seal  of  the  grantor,  and  i 
is  witnessed  by  Tho.  Morice,  Wm.  Ireland,  ; 
John     Heywood,     Jo.     Lovell,     and     Geo.  I 
Plucknett,     scrivener.     It     bears     endorse- 
ments :     "  The    Counterpart    of    Mr.    Hey- 
wood's  bargaine  &  sale  to  Mr.  Hart.1' 

WILLIAM  McMuRRAY. 

"  MARTINET."  —  The    '  N.E.D.'    gives    a 
quotation  in  1779  showing  the  use  of  this  | 
word  in  the  sense  of  a  strict  disciplinarian. 

Deane  Swift  writes  in  January,  1755,  to 
Sanderson   Miller  ('  An  Eighteenth-Century 
Correspondence,'     1910,    p.     63): 
prodigiously  strict,  and  approach  very  near 
unto  what  is  called  a  Martinet." 

J.  J.  FREEMAN. 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  10, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


207 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"  SCUPPER." — This  verb  has  been  fre- 
quently used  in  newspapers,  apparently  in 
some  such  sense  as"tosurpriseand  massacre.'2 
It  seems  to  have  been  invented  to  describe 
the  proceedings  of  Osman  Digna  in  1885. 
I  have  the  following  examples  of  the  word  : 

St.  James's    Gazette,  31    March,    1885.—"  Being 
quietly  chopped  to  pieces  in  their  beds,  or  '  scup- 
,  pered,'  as  some  grim  wits  have  termed  it." 

Pall  Mall  Gazette,  2  April,  1885.—"  The  fierce 
warriors  who  'scupper'  Tommy  Atkins  within  the 
i  lines  of  Suakin." 

Daily   News.— 19  May,    1896.— "  It    was  pretty 
much  like  a  '  scuppering '  surprise  in  the  Eastern 
!  Soudan." 

BlackwoocTa    Magazine,    March,    1902— "It's   a 
great  relief  to  find  that  advance  squadron  hasn't 
i  been  scuppered." 

The  word  is  also  used  by  Mr.   Kipling  in 
'  Seven  Seas,'-  p.  98. 

Can  any  correspondent  furnish  an  earlier 
instance,  or  any  information  as  to  the  origin  ? 
If  I  have  interpreted  the  sense  of  the  verb 
correctly,  it  seems  difficult  to  see  any  con- 
nexion in  meaning  with  the  nautical  sub- 

jstantive  scupper.  HENRY  BRADLEY. 

J     Oxford. 

THE  DURHAM  BOAT  ON  THE  DELAWARE. — 
I  am  interested  in  an  historical  inquiry  with 
(reference  to  the  early  navigation  of  the  river 
Delaware,  which  runs  past  us.  Before  the 
days  of  canals  and  railroads  the  river  was 
the  principal  means  of  transport  for  products 
and  supplies,  as  in  every  new  country.  In 
the  work  of  transportation  the  chief  instru- 
ment was  a  boat  of  peculiar  construction, 
pointed  at  both  ends,  long  and  narrow,  of 
very  light  draught,  steered  by  a  long  oar 
which  was  swung  on  a  pin  at  one  end.  This 
was  called  the  Durham  boat,  and  there  is  a 
tradition  that  it  was  originated  on  the  Dela- 
jware  by  a  man  named  Durham.  The  place 
where  the  first  boat  was  built  was  in  the 
township  of  the  same  name,  in  the  county 
of  Bucks,  on  the  bank  of  the  Delaware. 

The  same  kind  of  boat,  with  some  modi- 
fication,' was  used  in  other  parts  of  our 
country,  and  there  are  reasons  for  doubting 
that  the  origin  was  on  our  river,  and  for 
the  surmise  that,  while  Durham  built  the 
{first  boat,  the  design  was  brought  by  him 
or  others  from  England,  and  possibly  from 
Durham.  The  boat  was  not  adapted  to 


navigation  in  rough  water,  but  was  specially 
suited  to  narrow  canals  and  still  water.  For 
this  reason  it  is  thought  that  it  may  have 
been  used  in  inland  navigation.  The  usual 
mode  of  propulsion  was  by  poles. 

Can  any  reader  of  *  N.  &  Q.2  say  whether 
such  a  boat  was  used  in  Durham  county 
or  other  locality  where  the  conditions  made 
its  use  practicable  ?  The  inquiry  is  of 
interest  in  connexion  with  our  early  history. 

J.  A.  ANDERSON. 
Lambertville,  N.  J. 

THOMAS  LEIGHTON,  M.P.  FOR  BEVERLEY 
1571  AND  FOR  NORTHUMBERLAND  1572-83. 
— I  have  long  supposed  this  member  to  be 
the  well-known  soldier  Sir  Thomas  Leighton, 
afterwards  of  Feckenham,  co.  Worcester, 
who  was  Governor  and  Captain  of  Guernsey 
from  at  least  as  early  as  1 570  till  about  1602, 
who  certainly  represented  Worcestershire 
in  1601,  and  died  in  1611.  But  certain 
allusions  to  him  in  the  Journals  of  Parlia- 
ment have  shaken  that  supposition.  Sir 
Thomas  was  knighted  in  May,  1579,  but  on 
several  Committees  of  the  House  after  that 
date,  almost  down  to  the  close  of  the  Parlia- 
ment, we  find  a  "  Mr.  Lay  ton, "  a  name  that 
can  only  represent  the  member  for  North- 
umberland. Moreover,  we  gather  from  the 
State  Papers  that  during  the  whole  of  the 
period  in  question  Sir  Thomas  was  resident  in 
Guernsey,  so  unlikely  to  have  been  returned  to 
Parliament.  There  were,  I  believe,  Leightons 
in  the  North  of  England,  of  whom  possibly 
this  M.P.  was  one.  Can  any  correspondent 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  throw  light  upon  the  subject  ? 
A  John  Leighton  was  M.P.  for  Appleby  in 
1571,  of  whom  I  know  nothing. 

W.  D.  PINK. 

COL.  PHAIRE,  CROMWELL'S  GOVERNOR  OF 
ORK. — The  public  history  of  this  typical 
romwellian  officer  is  told  by  the  Rev. 
Alex.  Gordon  in  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.'  ;  but  his 
domestic  and  family  history  has  hitherto 
baffled  all  inquiry.  Dr.  Caulfield,  Dr. 
Brady,  the  Rev.  A.  Gordon,  and  many 
writers  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  have  from  time  to  time 
endeavoured  to  throw  light  on  this  subject ; 
Dut  up  to  the  present  time  Col.  Phaire's 
parentage  and  family  origin  are  to  the 
general  public  entirely  unknown. 

Born,   according   to    his    own  statement, 

n  1619,  Col.  Phaire  comes  first  into  public 

notice   25   years   later   as  a   Parliamentary 

ieutenant-colonel  appointed  in  England  on 

the  recommendation  of  Sir  Hardress  Waller 

S.P.  Dom.  1646).     But  whether  he  was  of 

English  or  Irish  stock,  where  he  was  born 


208 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [11  s.  IL  SEPT.  10, 1910. 


and  brought  up,  and  who  were  his  parents, 
no  one  has  hitherto  been  able  to  state.  Dr. 
Brady's  supposition  that  he  was  the  son  or 
near  relative  of  the  Rev.  Emanuel  Phaire, 
Vicar  (1612)  of  Kilshannig,  co.  Cork,  is 
unsupported  by  any  evidence,  and  only  raises 
the  further  questions,  Where  did  the  vicar 
himself  come  from  ?  Was  he  of  English 
or  Irish  origin  ?  The  names  Phaire,  Faire, 
Farre,  &c.,  spelt  in  many  ways,  were  well 
known  both  in  England  and  Ireland  during 
the  period  of  the  great  Civil  War.  The 
comparative  commonness  of  the  name  and 
its  numerous  variants  greatly  increases  the 
difficulty  of  the  present  inquiry.  Farre  of 
Ep worth,  co.  Line.,  and  Farre  of  Stock 
House,  Dorset,  bore  the  same  arms  as  Col. 
^haire,  viz.,  Gules,  a  cross  moline  argent, 
over  all  a  bendlet  azure.  These  were  the 
well-known  arms  of  Sir  Guy  de  Ferre  temp. 
Ed.  I.,  who  is  the  traditional  ancestor  of  the 
families  referred  to.  This  armorial  con- 
nexion may  possibly  supply  a  clue,  but  there 
is  at  present  no  pedigree  to  support  it. 

If  any  of  your  numerous  readers  can  throw 
light  on  Col.  Phaire's  parentage  and  domestic 
history  from  1619  to  1646,  the  information 
will  be  greatly  appreciated  by  his  numerous 
descendants  and  by  many  persons  interested 
in  his  remarkable  career.  BALL.  COLL. 

FRANCIS  THOMPSON  THE  POET. — A  com- 
memorative tablet  bearing  the  following 
inscription  has  been  placed  on  the  house  in 
Winckley  Square,  Liverpool,  where  the 
poet  was  born  : — 

Francis  Joseph  Thompson 
was  born  in  this  house 
December  18th,  1859. 

Perhaps  some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.J  can  tell 
me  where  Thompson  was  buried,  and  whether 
any  memorial  has  been  erected  over  his 
grave.  FREDERICK  T.  HIBGAME. 

[Thompson  was  buried  on  16  November,  1907,  in 
St.  Mary's  Cemetery,  Kensal  Green.  See  Mr. 
Wilfrid  MeynelFs  account  in  The  Athenceum  of 
23  November.] 

POPE  ADRIAN  IV.'s  RING  AND  THE 
EMERALD  ISLE. — A  short  time  ago  I  was 
discussing  with  two  friends  the  origin  of  the 
designation  Emerald  Isle  as  applied  to 
Ireland,  and  suggested  its  connexion  with 
the  emerald  ring  given  by  Pope  Adrian  IV. 
to  Henry  II.  when  he  conferred  on  the  king 
the  sovereignty  of  Ireland.  My  friends, 
both  learned  in  history,  surprised  me  by 
saying  that  they  had  never  heard  or  read 
of  the  ring;  and,  on  searching  several 
histories,  we  found  no  mention  of  it. 


The  connexion  between  the  designation 
and  the  ring  may  be  imaginary,  but  I  have 
long  treated  the  Pope's  gift  as  an  accepted 
fact  of  history,  and,  be  it  fact  or  fable,  there 
must,  I  think,  be  authority  for  the  story 
somewhere.  I  hope  '  N.  &  Q.1  will  guide  m& 
to  it.  A.  J.  P. 

EARL  OF  ARUNDEL'S  BROTHER  AND  UNCLE 
ARRESTED. — The  following  passage  is  to  b& 
found  in  the  Spanish  State  Papers  at  the 
Record  Office  :— 

"  Paris,  1st  June,  1585. 
Bernardino  de  Mendoza  to  the  King. 

The  Queen  also  ordered  the  immediate  arrest 

of  my  lord  (William)  the  brother  of  the  Earl  of 
Arundel  and  that  of  Lord  Harry  his  uncle " 

Who  were  my  Lord  William  and  Lord  Harry, 
what  was  the  cause  of  their  arrest,  and  what 
their  ultimate  fate  ? 

EGERTON  GARDINER. 

JEW'S  EYE.  (See  4  S.  iii.  265,  348.)— 
As  far  back  as  1869  a  query  appeared  in 
'  N.  &  Q.'  as  to  whether  any  instance  could 
be  found  in  a  work  earlier  in  date  than 
'  The  Merchant  of  Venice,1  to  support  Nares's 
assertion  that  the  allusion  "worth  a  Jew's- 
eye  n  was  familiar  in  the  time  of  Shake- 
speare. 

I  think  this  interrogatory  (which  has 
apparently  been  overlooked)  can  safely  be 
answered  in  the  affirmative.  '  The  Merchant 
of  Venice  '  was,  I  believe,  written  in  1596. 
The  expression  "  as  deare  as  a  Jewe's  eye,n 
however,  previously  appeared  in  Gabriel 
Harvey's  '  Pierce's  Supererogation,1  pub- 
lished in  1593.  More  exhaustive  research 
would  probably  disclose  earlier  dates  in 
connexion  with  the  subject. 

After  perusing  other  passages  containing  i 
a  similar  allusion  from  more  recent  works 
I  am  of  opinion  that  the  real  signification  of  : 
this     remarkable     expression     (which     has  | 
certainly  survived   over  three  centuries)  is  I 
by  no  means  clear.     Notwithstanding  their 
records  and  traditions   (to  many  of  which  | 
we  of  this  generation  are  greatly  indebted), 
the  Jews  even  are  unable  to  define,  with  any 
degree  of  certainty,  either  its  origin  or  mean- 
ing.    The  following  extract  from  the  Glossary  i 
in     'The    Jewish   Year-Book,    1899-  1900, 'j 
edited    by    Mr.    Joseph    Jacobs,     contains 
several   important   and   interesting   sugges-  j 
tions,    and     seems,     therefore,     worthy    of 
reproduction  in  these  columns  : — 

"It  is  difficult  to  understand  how  the  idea  of 
things  being  'as  precious  as  a  Jew's  eye     arose,  j 
Possibly  it  may  be  due  to  the  brilliancy  of  that 
organ  with  most  Jews,  and  especially  with  most 
Jewesses.    Their  dealings  in  precious  stones  may  j 
have  in  some  way  suggested  a  simile  between  these 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  10,  i9io.j      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


209 


and  the  Jew's  eye.  It  has  also  been  suggested  tha 
the  expression  '  Worth  a  Jew's  eye'  means, '  Wort! 
being  looked  at  even  by  such  a  judge  of  values  as 
Jew  is.'" 

Here,    it   will   be   noticed,    there   are   thre 
separate  suggestions  as  to  the  signification 
while  the  origin  is  apparently  shrouded  in 
oblivion.  J.  BASIL  BIRCH. 

51,  Tynemouth  Road,  South  Tottenham. 

GREENWICH  MARKET,  1740. — I  have  an 
old  oil  painting,  somewhat  rudely  executed 
in  an  old  oak  frame,  which  has  been  grained 
It  is  2  ft.  8  in.  wide,  and  1  ft.  llf  in.  high 
On  the  back  is  "  Old  Greenwich  Market 
1740." 

The  picture  describes  a  busy  scene.  In 
the  forefront  are  a  lady  and  a  gentleman 
The  lady  is  dressed  in  a  satin  gown  and  a 
long  dark  cloak  reaching  to  the  feet,  turnec 
back  in  the  lappets  with  whitft  satin.  Her 
headgear  is  an  enormous  hat  or  bonnet  which 
would  not  disgrace  a  fashionable  lady  to- 
day. The  gentleman  who  accompanies  her 
is  dressed  in  a  military  uniform,  red  coat, 
dark  breeches  and  boots,  a  belt,  and  sabre- 
tache. He  apparently  is  looking  at  a 
beggar  man,  one-legged,  who  is  holding  his 
hat,  presumably  for  alms,  to  a  lady  dressed 
in  pink  silk  or  satin.  In  an  open  space 
is  the  needy  knife-grinder,  and  close  by  is  a 
house  on  which  is  a  signboard  marked 
"James  Walker.'1  Further  up  the  street 
or  market-place  are  several  figures,  including 
an  old  man  on  two  sticks,  with  his  fishing  rod 
and  basket  strapped  to  his  back.  On  the 
right  of  the  picture  is  the  quaint  figure  of 
the  bellman. 

I  shall  be  glad  of  any  information  about 
the  painter  of  this  picture,  or  of  references 
to  early  prints  or  pictures  of  Greenwich. 
Replies  may  be  sent  direct. 

HENRY  HUGHES  CRAWLEY. 
Stowe-Nine-Churches  Rectory,  Weedon. 

THE  TYGRIS,  A  LONDON  SUBTERRANEAN 
RIVER. — Several  paragraphs  have  appeared 
in  the  daily  papers  recording  the  discovery, 
during  excavations  at  "The  Elephant  and 
Castle,"  Newington,  S.E.,  of  a  stream 
known  as  the  Tygris.  Although  now  a 
subterranean  river  found  at  a  depth  of 

)  feet,  it  is  said,  on  the  authority  of  Mait- 
land,  to  have  formed  part  of  Cnut's  trench. 
Some  other  information  on  this  stream 
should  be  available.  Is  it  a  branch  of  the 
Neckinger  ?  Albany  Road  in  the  Old 
Kent  Road  is,  I  believe,  the  nearest  part 
of  that  important  river. 
I  anticipated  deriving  some  information 

'om  the  reprint  of  the  local  Acts  of  Parlia- 


ment relating  to  the  charity  estates  of  St. 
Mary,  Newington,  edited  and  published  by 
Joseph  Burgess  in  1859.  At  p.  279  et  seq 
there  is  a  well  -  illustrated  summary  of 
estates,  which  includes  the  "  Elephant  and 
Castle  "  site.  No  reference  occurs  to  any 
stream  or  brook,  so  presumably  at  the 
date  of  the  first  appointment  of  trustees, 
1660,  its  existence  was  not  known.  The 
name  "Elephant  and  Castle'1  is  of  later 
date.  An  entry  in  the  Vestry  Book  of 
1672  records  that  upon  part  of  the  ground 
"the  'White  Horse1  is  built,  and  Moll 
Hackles  and  the  Alms  Houses.'1 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

BARLOW  TRECOTHICK,  LORD  MAYOR. — 
I  should  be  glad  to  know  the  birthplace 
and  parentage  of  Alderman  Barlow  Tre- 
cothick,  elected  Lord  Mayor  of  Ixmdon 
29  June,  1770,  on  the  death  of  William 
Beckford.  I  should  also  be  glad  to  know  if 
there  is  any  portrait  of  him  in  existence. 
Was  he  of  Cornish  origin  ?  There  is  no 
place-name  Trecothick  in  Symons's  '  Gazet- 
beer  of  Cornwall.1 

J.   H AMBLE Y   ROWE,   M.B. 

88,  Horton  Grange  Road,  Bradford. 

JOHN  LATHOM,  CARVER  TO  QUEEN  MARY  bF 

FRANCE. — I  should  like  to  learn  something 

of  this  man.     In  1601  he  claimed,  as  John 

Lathom  of  London,   and  a  son  of  Robert 

Lathom  of  Parbold,   Lanes,   the  estates  of 

that  branch  of  the  Lathom  family.     In  the 

ileadings  in  his  action  it  is  stated  that  he 

ived  sometimes  at  Court  and  sometimes  in 

:he  county  of  Suffolk,  being  "  Carver  to  the 

French    Queen    that    was    wife    to    Charles 

Brandon,  Duke  of  Suffolk.'1     This  was  Mary, 

daughter  of  Henry  VII.,  and  widow  of  Louis 

XII.  of  France.     Lathom,  who  must  have 

been  very  old  in  1601,  had  been  brought  up 

an  apprentice  in  the  city  of  London.     His 

claim  failed.     Is  anything  known  of  him  ? 

R.  S.  B. 

JEREMY  TAYLOR'S  DESCENDANTS.  —  I 
hould  be  glad  to  know  if  there  were  any 
lescendants  of  Jeremy  Taylor  in  the  male 
ne.  His  two  sons  both  died  before  their 
ather,  and  I  do  not  know  whether  either  of 
hem  married.  G.  M.  T. 

HOBBY-HORSE.  —  In  what  counties  of 
]ngland,  Scotland,  and  Ireland  is  the  hobby- 
.orse  known,  under  this  or  other  names,  in 
he  midwinter  mumming  ? 

Does  he  appear  in  other  mumming,  and  is 
e  known  abroad  ?  M.  P. 


210 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  IL  SEPT.  10, 1910. 


GULSTON    ADDISON'S    DEATH, 
(11  S.  ii.  101.) 

THE  documents  printed  below  form  an 
interesting  addition  to  MB.  READE'S  notes. 
The  Benyon  and  Fleetwood  families  were 
connected  later  by  the  marriage  of  Richard 
Benyon  with  Mary,  daughter  of  Edward 
Fleetwood,  on  17  October,  1724,  at  St. 
Mary's,  Fort  St.  George  ('Fort  St.  George, 
Madras,4  by  Mrs.  Frank  Penny). 

Edward  Fleetwood  was  senior  ambassador 
from  Nathaniel  Higginson,  Governor  of 
Fort  St.  George,  to  the  King  of  Ava  in  1695, 
for  the  settling  of  the  English  trade  ;  he 
arrived  at  Ava  on  23  December,  and  had  an 
interview  with  the  King  on  31  December. 
The  embassy  left  Sirian  for  Madras  on 
17  March,  1695/6  (Dalrymple,  '  Oriental 
Repertory,'  ii.  337  et  seq.). 

Egerton  MS.  1972,  fo.  10. 

Fort  of  S*  George  Janu?  1709[10]. 
Sr — The  same  shipping  that  brought  poor  Mr 
Addison  ye  news  of  his  promotion  found  him 
in  a  Condition  not  fltt  to  enjoye  it ;  he  had  for 
some  days  before  been  seis'd  with  an  unusuale 
lameness  attended  with  a  feaver  loss  of  appite 
[sic]  &  other  bad  Symptomes  the  difficultys 
he  had  to  deale  with  in  dispatching  home  ye 
Heathcott  that  brought  y*  news  bereav'd  him  of 
his  naturall  rest  heightend  his  feaver  &  on  ye 
17  October  It  pleased  almighty  God  to  take  him 
from  among  us  leaveing  me  a  mournfull  and  dis- 
cons  elate  widow  ;  I  had  long  before  layn  lan- 
guisshing  under  a  heavey  Sickness  with  little  likely 
hood  of  recovery  ;  but  it  has  pleased  God  to 
preserue  me  hitherto  giveing  me  Strength  to 
support  my  Afflictions  ;  and  if  his  goodness  con- 
tinues to  me  so  that  I  finde  myselfe  able  to  under- 
go the  fatigues  of  the  Sea  ;  my  intentions  are  to 
come  home  by  the  next  years  Shipping  ;  Mr 
Addisons  affairs  are  left  in  ye  hands  of  Mr 
Mountague  mr  Bob*  Baworth  &  Mr  Edrd. 
Flettwood  &  Mr  Benj  [sic]  Benion  who  will 
send  you  such  an  account  as  ye  shortness  of  tune 
&  the  state  of  his  affairs  will  permitt ;  ye 
Condition  I  am  in  will  excuse  my  medling  any 
farther  at  present ;  I  will  only  add  that  finding 

?oor  mr  Addison  had  forgott  his  younger  Bro 
haue  taken  care  in  regard  of  his  memory  to 
leave  him  in  my  will  what  my  Circumstances 
could  afford  ;  I  returne  you  Sincere  thanks 
for  your  kinde  Letter  and  all  other  favours  and 
wish  it  had  pleased  God  to  let  my  Dear  husband 
live  to  thank  you  for  all  ye  paines  you  took  to 
advance  him  ;  ye  more  you  Lament  him  ye 
more  you  will  pitty  me  and  that  will  lead  you  to 
Excuse  me  if  I  am  not  able  to  add  more  than 
that  I  am 

Sr  Your  Disconselate 
Sister  att  Command 

MARY  ADDISON 
To  Jos  :  Addison  Esqr 

In  London. 

[Seal  illegible.] 


Egerton  MS.  1972,  fo.  17. 

Sr — Madam  Addison  dyed  yesterday,  and 
iaveing  bequeath'd  you  a  Legacy  ;  we  thought 
fitt  to  advise  you  of  it,  that  you  may  give  us 
orders  about  remitting  it  home  ;  Inclosed  is  a 
Copy  of  her  Will  which  we  beg  the  favour  of  you  to 
com'unicate  to  Mr  Thomas  Marshall  &c  concerned 
in  it ;  This  is  design'd  to  go  by  the  Som'ers  and 
that  ship  haveing  already  receiv'd  her  sailing  dis- 
patches, We  have  not  time  to  advise  more  but 
that  we  are 

Sr 

Your  most  Humble  Servants 
EDWd  FLEETWOOD 
HEN  :     JOLLEY 

ffort  Sfc  George  2d  ffebry  1709/10 
To  Mr  Lancelott  Addison. 
[Endorsed  :]  ffort  S*  George  Febry 

2  :    1709/10     Edwd  Fleetwood 
H.  Jolley 

*~*&  [Egerton  MS.  1972,  fo.  15. 

Abstract  from  copy  of  Mary  Addison's  Will. 

In  the  Name  of  God  Amen  I  mary  Addison  of 
ffort  St  George  in  the  East  Indies,  being  in  perfect 
mind  and  Memory ....  do  make  this  my  last  Will 
and  Testament. . .  .to  Mr  Lancelott  Addison  my 
Deceased  Husbands  Brother  the  Sum  of  three 
thousand  pagodas. ..  .To  MK  Isabella  Marshall 
Daughter  to  Mr  Thomas  Marshall  formerly  of 
Councel  in  this  place ....  1000  pagodas  &  my 
transparent  Diamond  drops....  to  Mrs  Sarah 
Brooke  Mother  to  my  former  Husband  Mr  Will : 
Brooke  200  pagodas ....  to  Mrs  Deborah  Brooke 
Sister  to  my  former  Husband . .  .  .200  pagodas .... 
to  my  Sister  Frances  Jolley. . .  .3000  pagodas  and 
my  Seven  Stone  Diamond  Bing  and  all  my  wearing 
Apparel  and  Head  Dresses,  the  wearing  Apparel 
and  Head  Dresses  to  be  delivered  to  my  Brother 
Mr  Henry  Jolley.... to  my  Mother  in  Law  Mra 

Elizabeth  Jolley 200  pagodas to  my  good 

ffriend  M1"8  Ann  Brabourn  100  pagodas. . .  .to  my 
Godson  Tho.  Gray  100  pagodas. .  .  .to  my  Godson 

John  Salmon    100    pagodas to    Mrs   fflorentia 

Cradock  my  laced  head  dress  ruffles  and  Scarfe, 
that  came  by  this  last  years  Ship  ing. ..  .to  my 
Loveing  Brother  Mr  Henry  Jolley  my  red  Stone 
Bing  set  with  Diamonds,  and  my  Single  Stone 
Diamond  Bing....  to  my  Good  friend  Mr 
Edward  ffleetwood  fifty  pagodas  to  buy  him 
Mourning. ..  .to  St  Mary's  Church  in  this  place 
400  pagodas  &  if  it  shall  hereafter  be  thought 
convenient  to  build  an  Hospitall  for  the  Education 
of  poor  protestant  Children,  I  desire  it  may  be 
apply ed  to  that  Use.  She  frees  several  slaves 
and  their  children,  and  leaves  some  of  them 
legacies.  Bemainder  of  estate  to  brother  Henry 
Jolley,  save  50  pagodas  "  to  my  Good  friend  M™ 
Frances  Walker  for  her  care  of  me  in  my  Sickness." 
Trustees,  Edward  ffleetwood  and  brother  Henry 
Jolley.  Should  her  share  of  Gulston  Addison's 
estate  be  less  than  14,000  pagodas,  her  legacies 
are  to  be  reduced  "  in  proportion  as  my[Estate  falls 
short  of  ffourteen  thousand  pagodas."  Henry 
Jolley  sole  exor.  Signed  and  sealed  18  Dec.,  1709. 
Mary  Addison.  Witnesses,  William  Warre,  Jo  : 
Quoach  [?],  Band,  ffowke,  E.  Harrison,  Ri : 
Phriss[?],  Bernd  Benyon.  Codicil  13  Jan.,  1709/10, 
regarding  legacy  to  John  Salmon  and  further 
legacy  of  diamond  "  Brillions  "  to  goddaughter 
Isabella  Marshall.  Witnesses,  George  Lewis,  Ann 
Brabourn,  Francis  WTalker. 

B.  W.  B. 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  10, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


211 


'  HUDIBRAS  l :     EARLIEST   PIRATED   EDI- 
TION (11  S.  ii.    142). — The  bibliography  of 
the  earliest  editions  of  '  Hudibras  J  has  been 
exhaustively  treated  by  Mr.  Beverly  Chew  in 
The  Bibliographer  (New  York,  Dodd,  Mead 
&  Co.),  April,  1902,  vol.  i.  pp.  123-38.     Mr. 
Chew  gives    a    minute  description  of  three 
"  unauthorized, "     and     three     authorized, 
issues  of  the  first  edition  of  Part  I.,  of  two 
spurious  and  two  genuine  issues  of  Part  II., 
and  of  two  genuine  editions  of  Part  III., 
together  with  facsimiles   of  the  title-pages 
of   these   twelve   books.     The    '  Diet.    Nat. 
Biog.1     uses     the    words     "pirated"     and 
"piracy"  in  a  slightly  inaccurate  way.     It 
j  is  a  curious  thing  that,  notwithstanding  the 
indignant   disclaimer   of  Marriot,    the  pub- 
lisher, all  the  three  issues  of  the  so-called 
unauthorized  edition  of  Part  I.  contain  on 
the   verso    of   the    title    exactly   the   same 
Imprimatur,  signed  by  "  Jo  :    Berkenhead  " 
and  dated   "  Novemb.    11.    1662,?1   as   that 
which  appears  in  Marriot's  "  true  and  perfect 
edition."     The    text,    moreover,    does    not 
disclose    any    variations    other    than    mere 
petty   differences   in   orthography,   such   as 
"  blood  "  and   "  bloud  " — nothing,  in  fact, 
to    warrant    the     "  unauthorized "    edition 
being  called  a  "most  false  imperfect  copy." 
Contemporary  owners  certainly  do  not  seem 
to    have    considered    the    "unauthorized" 
issues  as  pirated,  or  themselves  as  "abused," 
as  one  copy  of  the  genuine  small  octavo  edi- 
tion of  Part  II.  in  my  possession  is  bound  up 
with    the    first    "unauthorized"    issue    of 
Part  I.,  and  another  copy  is  bound  up  with 
the  third  issue.     Mr.  Chew  remarks  that  this 
reminds  one  not  a  little  of  Pope's  curious 
efforts    to    bewilder    his   readers    in   regard 
to  the  publication  of  his  '  Letters  *  and  the 
first  issues  of  *  The  Dunciad,'-  and  he  thinks 
the  advertisement  may  have  been  a  mere 
trick  on  the  part  of  the  publisher  to  help 
the  sale. 

In  view  of  the  strictness  with  which  the 
censorship  was  exercised  in  those  days,  it 
hardly  seems  probable  that  the  "imprimatur'4 
of  Sir  John  Berkenhead  would  have  been 
affixed  to  these  volumes  unless  authority 
had  been  given  to  the  printer  to  do  so,  nor 
would  the  bookbuyers  of  1663  have  been 
likely  to  have  bound  up  the  genuine  edition 
of  Part  II.  with  "  a  Cheat."  My  copies  of 
the  two  parts,  which  are  in  the  original 
sheep  binding,  have,  indeed,  the  appearance 
of  having  been  sold  in  the  form  in  which 
they  now  survive.  I  think,  therefore,  we 
must  pause  before  we  definitely  assert  that 
this  "  nameless  Impression  "  is  a  piracy,  or, 
in  Marriot's  words,  "  lame  and  spurious." 


With  regard  to  Part  II.,  the  spurious 
impression,  of  which  at  least  two  issues  were 
published,  is  certainly  not  a  piracy.  It 
was  the  work  not  of  Butler,  but  of  some 
anonymous  imitator,  and  was  published  in 
advance  of  Butler's  Part  II.  The  popularity 
of  '  Hudibras,1  to  which  testimony  is  given 
by  Pepys,  induced  this  unknown  poetaster  to 
foist  upon  the  public  a  work  which  was 
absolutely  without  merit,  and  which  has 
been  deservedly  forgotten.  It  is  no  more  a 
piracy  than  John  Hamilton  Reynolds's 
'  Peter  Bell  *  was  a  piracy  of  Words- 
worth's *  Peter  Bell,1  of  which  it  was  the 
forerunner.  A  piracy  implies  an  illicit 
publication  of  the  real  article. 

W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

T  "  UNECUNGGA  "  :  "YNETUNGA"  (11  S. 
ii.  143). — As  the  A.-S.  -ing  and  -ung  are 
sometimes  confused,  it  seems  possible  that 
-unga  and  -ungga  are  miswritten  for  -inga 
and  -ingga,  both  of  which  may  represent  the 
genitive  plural  of  a  tribal  name.  But  this 
is,  of  course,  mere  guesswork. 

I  think  the  alleged  A.-S.  gd,  "  region,"  is  a 
mere  ghost -word,  and  never  existed.  It 
cannot  be  safely  inferred  from  the  names 
Ohtgaga  and  Oxgaga,  where  there  is  nothing 
to  show  that  the  -ga  is  a  suffix,  or  that  the 
a  is  long.  The  objection  is,  that  the  form 
is  impossible  ;  there  is  no  case  known  in 
which  the  G.  au  occurs  as  d  in  Anglo-Saxon. 
It  always  occurs  as  ea  or  as  u,  as  in  beam, 
G.  Baum,  or  hus,  G.  Haus.  We  have  no 
authority  for  departure  from  these  normal 
forms. 

The  A.-S.  for  G.  Gau  should  take  the  form 
gea,  but  this  form  gea  has  not  yet  been  found. 
But  Mr.  Chadwick  has  shown  that  it  occurs 
as  ge  in  very  early  Anglian,  with  some 
various  spellings,  such  as  ice  and  the  like, 
which  prove  that  the  g  was  sounded  like  the 
modern  English  y.  See  my  '  Place-Names 
of  Cambridgeshire,'  s.v.  Ely. 

The  A.-S.  a  is  usually  the  G.  ei,  Gothic  ai, 
as  in  A.-S.  ham,  G.  Heim,  Gothic  haims. 
I  do  not  know  of  any  exception.  Hence 
A.-S.  gd  would  require  to  be  G.  Gei,  Goth. 
gais ;  but  there  are  no  such  words.  We 
have,  as  I  said  before,  no  evidence  for  sup- 
posing that  an  A.-S.  gd  ever  existed.  It 
arose  from  a  mistake  made  by  Kemble,  who 
inferred  it  from  the  two  place-names  noted 
above.  But  it  ought  not  to  be  repeated  in 
the  twentieth  century,  when  the  A.-S.  sound- 
laws  have  been  fully  discussed  by  such 
careful  students  as  Sievers  and  Sweet. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 


212 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  10, 1910. 


It  is  pleasing  to  notice  that  the  '  Tribal 
Hidage  *  is  again  coming  under  discussion 
in  '  N.  &  Q.'  MB.  ANSCOMBE'S  endeavour 
to  solve  one  of  its  puzzles  is  at  least  welcome 
as  a  sign  of  interest,  if  it  cannot  be  accepted 
without  hesitation.  There  is  the  best 
authority  for  supposing  that  the  form 
"  Unecungga l*  is  the  genitive  plural 
(?  singular  "  Unecung "),  as,  indeed,  the 
general  style  of  the  document  requires.  I 
have  never  seen  any  reason  to  doubt  that 
Wantage  represents  this  name,  and  the  form 
"  Wanetung,11  which  occurs  before  the 
Conquest,  is  probably  as  near  as  can  be 
hoped  for  in  the  scarcity  of  early  Berkshire 
documents.  Bede's  1,200  hides  for  the 
people  of  Wight  are  fully  accounted  for  in 
the  list  by  Gifla  300,  Hicca  (Huta)  300,  and 
Wihtgara  600.  These  peoples  no  doubt 
occupied  not  only  the  island,  but  the 
southern  half  of  Hampshire  as  well.  The 
mysterious  "  Noxgaga  "  and  "  Ohtgaga  n 
appear  also  to  be  genitive  plurals  of 
"  Noxgaeg  ll  and  "  Ohtgseg  " — words  other- 
wise unknown.  I  have  supposed  them  to  be 
two  sections  of  the  principal  Mercian  people, 
the  Wocen  (Worcen)  saetas  ;  but  they  may 
be  components  of  the  next  on  the  list, 
Hwinca. 

The  compiler  of  the  list  had  an  orderly 
mind,  and  therefore  there  is  hope  of  solving 
the  puzzles  of  the  '  Tribal  Hidage.1  Being 
convinced  that  no  solution  can  be  looked 
for  by  speculations  on  isolated  names, 
I  venture  to  publish  the  following  com- 
parison between  the  figures  of  this  docu- 
ment and  those  of  Domesday  Book.  The 
figures  are  from  Maitland's  work,  and  whole 
counties  have  been  taken  except  in  the  cases 
of  Cambridge  and  Hertford,  where  deductions 
of  200  and  300  hides  respectively  have  been 
made  because  parts  of  those  counties  were 
in  the  dioceses  of  Norwich  and  London,  and 
must  thus  be  regarded  as  East  Anglian  or 
East  Saxon.  The  order  of  what  I  have 
called  the  "  English  "  or  earlier  version  is 
here  followed  : —  . 

1.  Mercians  30,000  hides  :    D.B.  29,625. 

namely — 

2.  Wocen  saetas  7000  :    D.B.  6918. 

Lincoln  diocese — Leicester  2500,   Rutland 

37,    Northants,    1356,    Oxford    (half) 

1200  =  5093. 
Lichfield    diocese.— Warwick     (half)     670, 

Staffs  505,  Shropshire  (half)  650  =  1825. 

Total  6918. 

3.  Westerns   7000  :    D.B.  6164. 

Worcester  diocese. — Worcester  1189, 
Gloucester  2388,  Warwick  (half)  668  = 
4245. 

Hereford  diocese. — Hereford  1324,  Shrop- 
shire (half)  595  =  1919.  Total  6164. 


4.  Pec  seetas  1200  :    D.B.  1191. 

Derbyshire  679,  Cheshire  512  =  1191. 

5,  6.  Elmeds£etas600,  Lindisf aras  with  Hsethfeld 

land  7000  =  7600  :    D.B.  8055. 

West    Biding    3300    (about),    Notts,    567, 

Lincoln  4188  =  8055. 

7-13.  South  and  North  Gyrwas  1200,  East  and 
West  Wixas  900,  Spaldas  600,  Wigesta  900, 
Herefmna  1200,  unrecorded  900  =  5700  :  D.B. 
5797. 

Cambs,     1033,    Hunts,    747,    Beds    1193, 

Bucks  2074,  Herts  750  =  5797. 
14-17.  Sweordora   300,   Gifla,   Hicca,   and  Wiht- 
gara 1200  =  1500:    D.B.  1500. 

Hants  (part)  1500. 

18,   19.  Noxgaga  5,000,   Ohtgaga  2000,  not  here 
reckoned  as  being  duplicates. 

The  above  make  the  Mercian  30,000 ; 
then  follow — 

20,  21.  Hwinca  7000,  Ciltern  seetas  4000  =  11,000  : 
D.B.  11,100. 

Dorset  2277,  Wilts  4050,  Hants  (part)  788 

=  7115. 
Berks    2473,    Oxford    (half)    1212,    Hants 

(rest)  300  =  3985.     Total  11,100. 
22.  Hendrica     3500. — 23-27.     Unecungga,     Aro 
ssetas,      Fferpinga       (in     Middle      England), 
Bilmiga,  Widerigga  3300. — 28,  29.  East  and 
West    Willa    1200.     Believing    these    to    I 
details  of  20  and  21,  I  have  not  placed  any 
special  figures  to  them. 

While  the  above  hidages  show  a  singular, 
but  perhaps  delusive  agreement  between  the 
'  Tribal  Hidage '  and  Domesday  Book, 
those  for  the  rest  of  England  show  an  eqr.ally 
marked  divergence : — 

30.  East  Angles,  30,000  :    D.B.  ?  6000. 

Norfolk  2422,  Suffolk  ?  Cambs  (part)  200. 

31.  East  Saxons  7000  :    D.B.  3818. 

Essex   2650,   Middlesex   868,   Herts    (part) 
300  =  3818. 

32.  Kentish  men  15,000  :   D.B.  1224  (Kent). 

33.  South    Saxons    7000  :     D.B.    3474    (Sussex). 
Total — Mercia      30,000  ;       rest     of      Southern 
England,  70,000  =  100,000  hides. 

Apart  from  its  obvious  assumptions, 
sound  or  unsound,  the  most  glaring  defect 
in  the  above  comparison  is  the  absence  of 
Surrey  (D.B.  1830  hides).  For  many 
reasons  it  would  go  best  with  Kent  ;  being 
in  Winchester  diocese,  it  may  have  been 
West  Saxon  ;  while  the  foundation  charter  of 
Chertsey,  dated  666,  would  prove  that  it  was 
under  Mercian  rule.  But  what  degree  of 
credence  is  to  be  given  to  this  charter  ? 
King  Edgar  it  names  is  probably  the  con- 
temporary king  of  Kent,  which  would  point 
to  a  Kentish  connexion  for  Surrey. 

A  further  note  may  be  added  on  the  totals 
given  in  the  MSS.,  viz.  "English"  242,700, 
and  "Latin"  200,800.  How  are  these 
to  be  explained  ?  The  simplest  course 
to  give  the  figure  for  Hendrica  as  3300.  The 
texts  here  do  not  agree,-  the  English  giving 


n  s.  ii.  SEPT.  10, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


213 


3500    and    the    Latin    3000.     Making    this 
change,  we  have — 

"  English  "  "  Latin  '' 

First  part  (as  added  up)  66,100  (as  implied)  30,000 

Hwinca,  Ciltern  s.       ..      11,000  11,000 

3,300  3,300 

3,300  3,300 

*  1,200 

30,000  30,000 

7,000  7,000 

15,000  15,000 

7,000  100,000 
100,000 


Hendrica 
Unecungga — Widerig] 
East  &  West  Willa  12 
East  Angles 
East  Saxons    . . 
Kentish  men  . . 
South  Saxons .  . 
West  Saxons  .  . 


242,700  .200,800 

Thus  a  single  alteration  of  no  great  im- 
portance makes  both  of  these  independent 
additions  come  out  correctly.  If  the  altera- 
tion be  accepted,  it  seems  possible  to  go 
further,  and  say  that  the  3,300  hides  pos- 
sessed by  the  five  tribes  Unecungga  to 
Widerigga  are  merely  details  ef  Hendrica's 
3300.  They  must  therefore  be  looked  for 
in  the  Hendred  district — say,  the  northern 
half  of  Berkshire  and  the  neighbouring  parts 
of  Oxford  and  Wilts.  J.  BBOWNBILL. 

SMOLLETT'S  '  HISTORY  OF  ENGLAND  '  (11  S. 
ii.  129). — A  good  deal  of  confusion  exists 
as  regards  this  work.  It  was  first  published 
in  1757-8  in  4  vols.,  4to,  with  the  title  '  A 
Compleat  History  of  England.*  In  1760 
a  second  edition  in  11  vols.,  8vo,  was  finished. 
This  history,  it  must  be  remembered,  was 
independent  of,  and  indeed  antecedent  to, 
that  of  Hume.  It  brings  down  the  chronicle 
of  events  to  1748.  The  whole  work  is  said 
to  have  been  written  in  fourteen  months. 
Finding  the  book  successful,  Smollett  set 
himself  to  write  a  continuation  of  it  to  more 
recent  times.  This  continuation  appeared 
in  5  vols.  Four  of  these,  extending  from 
1748  to  1760,  were  published  in  1763. 
They  were  written  exclusively  by  Smollett. 
The  fifth  volume,  completing  the  work,  and 
carrying  on  the  record  from  1760  to  the  time 
of  publication  in  1765,  was  written  by  Wil- 
liam Guthrie  (1708-70),  a  native  of  Brechin, 
and  a  notable  literary  man  in  his  day  in 
London  (see  Allibone,  sub  Smollett).  All  five 
volumes  are  generally  assigned  to  Smollett, 
but  wrongly,  he  having  been  abroad  for  the 
sake  of  his  health  from  1763  to  1765,  as 
Allibone  has  pointed  out. 

In  1789  the  booksellers  issued  a  '  History 
of  England  '  embracing  the  work  both  of 
Hume  and  Smollett.  Hume's  history,  relat- 
ing events  down  to  1688,  was  in  8  vols. 
Smollett's  portion,  comprehending  the  period 

*  Omitted  in  the  "  English  "  addition  because 
a  compiler  recognized  them  as  included  in  his 
\\  ost  Saxons. 


between  1688  and  1760,  was  in  5  vols.  The 
Edinburgh  edition  of  1791  (seldom  to  be 
met  with),  entitled  '  Smollett's  Continua- 
tion of  Hume's  History,*  was  doubtless  an 
attempt  to  do  what  was  believed  to  be 
justice  to  Smollett  as  an  historian.  It 
includes  all  Smollett's  history  from  1688  to 
1760,  and  adds  Guthrie's  volume,  bringing 
events  down  to  1765,  under  the  impression 
that  Smollett  was  the  sole  author.  As  the 
Advertisement  states,  there  were  six  volumes 
in  all  written  by  Smollett.  At  the  end  of  the 
sixth  an  index  to  the  previous  volumes  was 
furnished.  The  two  remaining  volumes  of  the 
Edinburgh  edition,  making  up  the  eight  of 
which  it  consisted,  with  index  to  vols  vii.  and 
viii.  appended,  and  comprehending  the 
period  between  1765"  and  1783,  were  written 
by  other  authors.  Neither  Smollett  nor 
Guthrie,  both  long  dead,  had  anything  to 
do  with  them. 

It  is  somewhat  difficult  to  discover  who 
the  "  other  writers  '*  were.  One  of  them, 
there  is  distinct  evidence  to  show,  was  John 
Adolphus  (1768-1845),  barrister  and  his- 
torian, who  afterwards  wrote  a  '  History 
of  England  *  in  3  vols.,  sometimes  bound  up 
with  Hume  and  Smollett's  '  History.1  But 
Adolphus  did  not  write  the  whole  of  the 
two  volumes  oi  the  Continuation.  There 
was  at  least  one  other  writer.  It  has  been 
suggested  that  he  was  a  Mr.  Bisset.  MB. 
CHRISTIE,  relying  apparently  on  family 
tradition,  puts  forward  a  claim  on  behalf  of 
his  relative,  the  Rev.  William  Bisset  of 
Horncastle.  I  am  not  in  a  position  either 
to  corroborate  or  absolutely  to  contradict 
the  claim.  It  is  to  be  remembered,  however, 
that  there  is  another  Richmond  in  the  field 
in  the  person  of  Robert  Bisset,  LL.D. 
(1759-1805),  the  son  of  a  Perthshire  minister, 
who  wrote  a  history  of  the  reign  of 
George  III.,  sometimes  spoken  of  as  a  sequel 
to  Smollett's  history.  On  the  whole,  I  think 
Robert  Bisset,  LL.D.,  more  likely  to  have 
been  the  continuator  of  Smollett  than  the 
Rev.  William  Bisset,  of  whose  career  no 
biographical  dictionary  apparently  has  ever 
taken  cognizance.  W.  SCOTT. 

AUTHORS  or  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
ii.  169). — As  to  D.  M.  L.'s  first  quotation, 
I  can  at  any  rate  supply  the  context.  The 
"noun"  which  was  "cut  short'4  is  the 
word  "  eternity.'*  A  man  slain  in  a  duel 
expires  uttering  this  word,  and  his  opponent 
comments  on  his  inability  to  finish  it. 
Hence  the  lines  : — 

"Toalleter"— (dies). 

"—  uity  "  he  would  have  added,  but  stern  death 

Cut  short  his  being  and  the  noun  at  oace. 


214 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      tn  s.  n.  SKPT.  10. 1910. 


Being  far  from  books  of  reference,  I  can 
only  add  my  guess  that  the  lines  occur  in 
the  last  act  of  Sheridan's  play  '  The  Critic.' 

There  is  a  good  parody  of  this  near  the 
end  of  '  Bombastes  Furioso  '  : — 

"  Oh,  my  Bom"— (dies). 

— "  bastes  "  he  would  have  said  ; 
But  ere  the  word  was  out,  his  spirit  fled. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

See  '  The  Critic,'  Act  II.  :— 

Whiskerandos.    O  cursed  parry  !  That  last  thrust 

of  tierce 

Was  fatal.    Captain,  thou  hast  fenced  well, 
And  Whiskerandos  quits  this  bustling  scene 
For  all  eter— (dies). 
Beefeater.    — "nity"  he  would  have  added,  but 

stern  death 
Cut  short  his  being  and  the  noun  at  once. 

WM.  DOUGLAS. 
125,  Helix  Road,  Brixton  Hill. 

D.  M.  L.'s  first  quotation  is  from  Sheridan's 
'Critic,'  Act  III.  sc.  i.  The  lines  are  a 
parody  of  Hotspur's  last  speech,  'King 
Henry  IV.,  Part  I.,'  Act  V.  sc.  iv. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

FLINT  FIRELOCKS  IN  THE  CRIMEAN  WAR 
(11  S.ii.  168).— It  may  interest  MR.  MABERLY 
PHILLIPS  to  know  that  I  possess  a  Russian 
flint-lock  musket,  nearly  2  ft.  9  in.  long, 
having  a  deal  butt  shod  with  brass — a  relio 
of  the  Crimean  War.  This  clumsy  weapon 
was  taken  out  of  the  Malakoff  by  the  late 
Admiral  Ralph  Cator  immediately  after  its 
capture  by  the  French  in  September,  1855. 
He  gave  it  to  a  member  of  my  family.  I  feel 
convinced  that  no  British  troops  used 
muskets  with  flint  and  steel  during  the  siege 
of  Sebastopol.  Doubtless  MR.  PHILLIPS 
has  good  reason  for  saying  that  flint-locks 
were  given  to  soldiers  going  to  India  in  1849, 
but  it  must  have  been  for  some  special  reason, 
as  percussion  caps  had  become  general  in 
this  country  for  sporting  purposes  between 
1820  and  1830,  and  were  adopted  by  our 
Army  in  or  about  1840. 

PHILIP  NORMAN. 

D'ERESBY  OR  DE  ERESBY  ?  (11  S.  i.  469  ; 
ii.  117.) — I  do  not  agree  with  SCOTUS  that 
De  Eresby  is  the  more  correct ;  it  seems  to 
me  to  be  immaterial  which  form  is  used. 
The  barony  was  created  by  writ  of  summons 
7  Edw.  II.,  when  the  head  of  the  family  was 
summoned  to  Parliament,  according  to 
Burke,  as  "  Lord  Willoughby  de  Eresby  "  ; 
but  on  reference  to  Dugdale's  '  Summonses  l 
it  appears  that  the  writ  was  simply  "Roberto 
de  Wilghby.'*  In  the  writs  to  his  successor 


the  name — which  is  of  course  the  title — 
usually  appears  as  Wilughby,  though  Wil- 
loughby also  occurs. 

In  the  previous  century,  when  the  family 
rose  from  obscurity,  the  name  is  spelt 
variously  Wilgebi,  Willegbv»  Wyleby,  Wil- 
gheby,  Wileghby,  Willughby,  and  Wilegebi 
(see  Genealogist,  N.S.  xviii.  230-33).  Even 
if  De  Eresby  had  been  part  of  the  original 
title,  I  see  no  reason  why  it  should  not  be 
modernized  to  D'Eresby,  as  Wilghby  and 
Wilughby  are  modernized  to  Willoughby  ; 
or  the  "  de  n  might  well  be  translated,  as 
in  the  case  of  the  ancient  barony  of 
Zouche  de  Haringworth,  now  usually  re- 
ferred to  as  Zouche  of  Haringworth,  or 
Haryngworth. 

In  writs  of  summons  it  was  usual  to  give 
merely  the  baron's  name,  a  territorial  suffix 
being  added  only  when  there  were  two  peers 
bearing  the  same  surname.  As  Dr.  Round 
observes,  "In  all  cases  the  suffix  must 
originally  have  been  added  for  the  sake  of 
distinction  only"  ('Geoffrey  de  Mande- 
ville,'  p.  145),  though  Dugdale  remarks  that 
from  the  time  of  Henry  VIII.  the  clerks 
who  issued  the  writs  sometimes  incorrectly 
added  the  "  place "  to  the  name  when 
there  was  no  other  peer  of  the  same  surname 
('Summonses,1  Preface). 

I  do  not  know  when  de  Eresby  (or  d'Eresby) 
first  made  its  appearance.  I  see  no  trace  of 
it  in  the  '  Summonses.'  When  a  cadet  was 
summoned  as  Willughby  de  Brooke — now 
Willoughby  de  Broke — it  became  necessary 
to  distinguish  the  head  of  the  house  ; 
but  he  was  summoned,  not  as  Willoughby 
de  Eresby,  but  as  Wiloughby  de  Wiloughby 
(1  Hen.  VIII.).  This  is  curious,  because 
though  the  family  was  originally  of  Wil- 
loughby, co.  Lincoln  (Genealogist,  u.s.), 
its  rise  to  baronial  rank  was  due  to  inheriting 
the  feudal  lordship  of  Eresby  as  coheir  to 
the  house  of  Beke  (Ancestor,  iv.  16,  17).  Dr. 
Round  has  pointed  out  that  Robert  Bertie, 
Earl  of  Lindsey  and  Lord  Willoughby,  in  his 
petitions  to  the  Court  of  Claims  at  the 
coronations  of  James  II.,  William  and 
Mary,  and  Anne,  styled  himself  "  Baron  de 
Willoughby,  Beke  et  Eresby,"  thus  not  only 
assuming  the  barony  of  Beke,  to  which  he 
was  but  one  of  the  coheirs  (ibid.),  but  appa- 
rently treating  Eresby  as  a  separate  Parlia- 
mentary barony.  I  may  add  that  Dr. 
Round  writes  "d'Eresby3'  ('Geoffrey  de 
Mandeville,'  u.s.  ;  Monthly  Review,  vii.  49), 
though  in  the  '  D.N.B.*  (s.v.  Vere,  Family  of) 
he  has  "  de  Eresby,"  in  harmony  with  pre- 
vious articles  by  others.  G.  H.  WHITE. 
Lowestoft. 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  10,1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


215 


'OLIVER  TWIST  *  ON  THE  STAGE  IN  1838 
<11  S.  ii.  129,  191).— In  1840  there  was  pro- 
duced on  the  Edinburgh  stage  an  adaptation 
of  '  Oliver  Twist,'-  supposed  to  be  the  work 
of  W.  H.  Murray,  the  theatrical  manager 
The  cast  of  the  piece,  according  to  Dibdin's 
*  Annals  of  the  Edinburgh  Stage,'-  was  as 
follows :  Mr.  Bumble,  W.  H.  Murray ; 
Leeford,  Ryder  ;  Sowerby,  Peddie  ;  Oliver 
Twist,  Miss  Saunders ;  Bill  Sikes,  Crisp  ; 
Fagin,  Skerrett  ;  Charley  Bates,  Power  (an 
exceedingly  large  man)  ;  Brownlow,  Red- 
ford  ;  Nancy,  Miss  Cruise ;  Mrs.  Coney, 
Miss  Nicol ;  and  the  Artful  Dodger,  Lloyd. 

W.  SCOTT. 

"SORNING"  (11  S.  ii.  145). — The  modern 
sense  of  the  Scotch  word  "  sorner,"-  as  stated 
by  the  Lord  Advocate  of  Scotland  in  1906, 
is  th,e  equivalent  of  the  English  slang  word 
*'  sponger."  Sorning  was  in  olden  days  a 
criminal  act,  and  by  the  word  was  under- 
stood in  still  earlier  times  a  kind  of  arbitrary 
•exaction  or  servile  tenure  in  Ireland  as  well 
as  in  Scotland.  Whenever  a  chieftain  had 
&  mind  to  revel,  he  came  down  among  the 
tenants  with  his  followers,  by  way  of  con- 
tempt called  giliwitfitts,  and  lived  in  free 
quarters.  Sorning  was  recognized  as  a 
•crime  at  least  as  late  as  1726,  when  it  was 
reported  from  Edinburgh  in  Mist's  Weekly 
Journal  (No.  71),  3  September  in  that  year  : 
"The  same  Day  ended  the  Trials  of  four 
Gypsies,  viz.  two  Men  and  their  reputed 
Wives  ;  the  Jury  brought  them  in,  Guilty  of 
the  Crime  of  Sorning. " 

J.    HOLD  EN   MACMlCHAEL. 

4,  Hurlingham  Court,  S.W. 


=  "NoRiAn  (11  S.  ii.  146).— 
I  think  I  can  show  that  both  these  words 
are  corruptions  of  an  Arabic  word,  the 
corruptions  being  due  to  the  phonetic 
spelling  of  faulty  pronunciation. 

Kazimirski,  *  Dictionnaire  Arabe-Franc.ais,' 
gives  : — 

"Na'ur.  1.  Qui  fait  jaillir  le  sang  de  la  manure 
<tont  1  eau  jaillit  d'une  source  (veine  en  hemorragie). 
2.  Aile  de  moulin.  3.  pi.  Nawa'ir,  '  Nona,'  roue  a 
irrigations.  Voy.  nd'ura. 

"  Nd'ura,  pi.  nawa'ir='  Noria,'  roue  &  irrigations, 
roue  hydraulique." 

The  root  from  which  this  word  is  derived 
J    na'ar,    which    amongst    others    has    the 
following  meanings  : — 

"iVa'ar.    1.  Rendre  un  son  nasillard  ou  rauque. 
j.  Lancer,  faire  jaillir  avec  bruit  le  sang  (se  dit 
ltme  veine  comprimee  d'abord,  puis  lachee)." 
It  also  means  to  bellow,  to  low  (bull,  cow) ; 
to  growl,  as  a  dog  in  anger  (Dozy). 

Probably  the  noise  made  by  the  Persian 

neel  is  responsible  for  its  Arabic  name. 


In  Persian  it  is  called  duldb  (compounded  of 
dul,  a  bucket,  the  hopper  of  a  mill,  and  db, 
water),  charkh-i  chdh  ("  well  -wheel  "),  and 
charkhdb  ("  water-wheel  "). 

By  prefixing  the  article  to  nd'ura  we  get 
an-nd'ura.  Now  a  person  who  had  only  a 
colloquial  knowledge  of  Arabic,  but  who 
knew  that  the  prefix  an  was  the  article, 
might  easily,  when  dropping  it,  be  led  into 
the  mistake  of  also  dropping  the  radical 
letter  n ;  hence  we  get  dfura ;  then,  by 
ignoring  the  letter  'ain  (represented  by  ') 
— as  so  many  Europeans  do,  owing  to  the 
difficulty  of  its  correct  pronunciation — we 
get  aura  ;  and  as  many  of  the  Continental 
Orientalists  even  at  the  present  day  represent 
the  Arabic  diphthong  au  by  d,  we  come  at 
last  to  dra.  J.  STUART  KING,  Major. 

Southsea. 

FOLLIES  (11  S.  ii.  29,  78,  113,  158).— 
"  Follies,12  which  I  have  seen  and  read  of  in 
different  parts  of  England,  all,  in  some 
way  or  other,  appear  to  be  not  what  they 
seem,  like  the  lane  referred  to  (ante,  p.  159) 
by  MR.  CHARRINGTON,  which  leads  to 
nowhere.  I  would  suggest  that  where  there 
is  the  name  "  Folly,*1  and  nothing  else,  the 
Folly  may  have  disappeared. 

There  used  to  be  two  "  Follies  "  at  Dover, 
both  now  gone.  The  older  was  "  Smith's 
Folly,"  and  a  later  one  "  Diggle's  Folly." 

"  Smith's  Folly  "  was  a  curious  mansion, 
built  in  the  latter  part  of  the  eighteenth 
century,  on  the  seashore,  immediately  under 
Dover  Castle  cliff.  It  had  a  castellated 
front,  with  an  entrance  flanked  by  two  round 
towers,  and  a  central  higher  tower  further 
back  surmounted  by  a  roof  and  a  spire. 
Further  back  still  were  several  one -story 
buildings  roofed  by  inverted  boats,  and  in 
the  rear  some  caves  deeply  excavated  in  the 
Castle  Cliff.  The  mansion  is  now  gone,  to 
make  room  for  modern  sea-front  houses, 
but  the  caves  in  the  cliff  remain. 

This  "  Folly n  was  built  by  Capt.  John 
Smith  of  the  Guards,  who  retired  from  the 
Army  in  1759  as  a  protest  against  his  chief, 
Lord  George  Sackville,  being  "  broken " 
oy  King  George  II.  for  an  alleged  disregard 
of  an  order  from  Prince  Ferdinand  at  the 
aattle  of  Minden.  It  was  about  thirty 
years  after  that  event  that  John  Smith 

ilt  his  "  Folly  "  at  East  Cliff,  Dover,  on 
.and  reclaimed  from  the  sea,  given  to  him, 
t  is  presumed,  by  his  friend  the  Duke  of 
Dorset  (one  of  the  Sackvilles),  Lord  Warden 
of  the  Cinque  Ports.  This  Capt.  John  Smith 
was  the  father  of  Admiral  Sir  Sidney  Smith, 
and  this  "  Folly  "  was  the  admiral's  home 
at  the  commencement  of  his  career. 


216 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      en  s.  11.  SEPT.  10, 1910. 


"Diggle's  Folly"  was  a  conspicuous 
stone  tower  erected  by  Mr.  Joseph  Diggle, 
on  his  property  at  the  seaward  end  of  the 
whinless  Down,  as  an  outlook.  It  had  two 
stories,  and  as  it  had  the  appearance  of  a 
commanding  stronghold,  it  is  said  that  the 
military  objected  to  it  as  overlooking  their 
fortifications  on  the  Western  Heights,  built 
about  the  same  time.  When  Mr.  Diggle  left 
Dover  it  fell  into  decay,  and  was  demolished 
about  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago.  The  place 
is  still  referred  to  as  "  Diggle's  Folly.'? 

JOHN  BAVINGTON  JONES. 

Dover. 

One  of  the  entrances  to  the  park  at 
Br  ought  on-in-Furness,  North  Lancashire, 
is  named  "Folly  Gates" — why  one  hardly 
knows,  for  they  do  lead  to  the  house, 
Broughton  Tower — "  a  mansion  built  round 
a  pele.?s  S.  L.  PETTY. 

That  enormous  pile  Queen  Anne's  Man- 
sions, Westminster,  was  known  for  a  long 
while  after  its  erection  as  "Hankey's  Folly." 

CECIL  CLABKE. 

Shanklin,  I.  of  W. 

OBVENTION  BREAD  (US.  ii.  148). — Giles 
Jacob,  '  Law  Diet.,*  1750,  says  : — 

"  Obventions  (obventiones)  are  Offerings  or  Tithes  : 
and  oventions,  obventions,  and  offerings,  are  generally, 
one  and  the  same  thing,  though  obvention  has  been 
esteemed  the  most  comprehensive.  The  profits  of 
the  churches  in  London  were  formerly  the  oblations 
and  obventions  ;  for  which  a  remedy  is  given  by  law : 
but  the  Tithes  and  Profits  of  the  London  clergy  are 
now  settled  and  appointed  by  Act  of  Parliament. 
Count.  Pars.  Compan.  138." 

Rents  and  revenues  of  spiritual  livings  are 
called  Obventions,  12  Car.  II.  c.  11  : — 

"Margeria  Comitissa  de  Warwick  Universis 
Sanctee  Matris  Ecclesise  filiis,  etc.  dedi  omnes 
obventiones  tarn  in  Decimis  majoribus  et  minoribus, 
quam  in  aliis  rebus  de  Assartis  de  W.  et  Decimam 
pannagii,  etc."— MS.  penes  Will  Dugdale,  Mil. 

Dr.  John  Godolphin  in  his  '  Repertorium 
Canonicum '  (generally  known  as  '  Godol- 
phin's  Abridgment  •},  3rd  ed.,  1687,  states, 
p.  426,  that 

"  Oblations,  obventions,  and  offerings  seem  to  be  but 
one  and  the  same  thing,  and  are  in  a  sense  some- 
thing of  the  nature  of  Tithes,  being  offered  to  God 

and  his  Church  of  things  real  or  personal They 

properly  belong  to  the  Parson  or  Vicar  of  that 
church  where  they  are  made.  Of  these  some  were 
free  and  voluntary,  others  by  Custom  certain  and 
obligatory." 

In  case  cited  by  R.  B.  the  obvention  bread 
would  appear  to  belong  to  the  latter  category. 
JOHN  HODGKIN. 


"  BARN  "  OB  "BABM'?IN  PLACE-NAMES 
(11  S.  i.  468  ;  ii.  53).— Barnby  and  Barmby 
occur  in  the  Domesday  Survey  of  Yorkshire 
as  "  Barnebi  "  fourteen  times  and  "  Bernebi ' 
twice.  The  bear  gave  name  to  many  Ice- 
landic and  Danish  persons  and  places. 
"Bjorn"  became  "  bjarnar "  in  the  pos- 
sessive case,  as  in  Biarnadalr,  Biarnarhofn, 
and  similar  names  which  occur  in  the  '  Land- 
namabok.'  When  associated  with  "  by,'* 
the  Danish  for  village,  farm,  or  homestead,, 
the  name  became  "  Biarnaby,n  and  sa 
"  Barnby ."  W.  FABBEB. 

'THE  ENGLISH  FBEEHOLDEB,'  1791  (11  S. 
ii.  108). — Unless  memory  deceives  me, 
I  have  read  somewhere  that  The  English 
Freeholder  was  edited  by  the  Rev.  Percival 
Stockdale  (1736-1811).  He  was  no  relation, 
I  think,  of  John  Stockdale,  the  publisher  of 
the  Freeholder,  whose  name  is  still  remem- 
bered in  connexion  with  a  celebrated  trial. 
As  a  poet  and  man  of  letters  the  Rev. 
Percival  Stockdale  wrote  much,  and  was 
sanguine  to  the  end  of  his  life  of  earning 
by  his  writings  a  literary  immortality.  Of 
his  industry  there  can  be  no  doubt,  but  the 
public  did  not  accept  him  at  his  persona.1 
valuation.  In  addition  to  other  labours  he 
edited  various  political  or  literary  periodicals* 
A  ludicrous  account  of  his  vanity  and  self- 
confidence  is  given  in  D'Israeli's  '  Calamities 
of  Authors.' 

The  English  Freeholder,  I  think,  had  but 
a  brief  existence.  W.  S.  S. 

WENDELL  HOLMES  AND  '  N.  &  Q.'  (11  S, 
ii.  147).— See  also  10  S.  x.  109,  157,  195,  274. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

SOWING  BY  HAND  (11  S.  i.  46,  133,  216, 
332). — In  the  lower  margin  of  the  Bayeux 
tapestry  is  a  man  sowing  with  his  right  hand. 
With  his  left  he  holds  a  cloth,  or  (?)  a  basket, 
apparently  containing  the  seeds.  See  plate 
iii.  of  vol.  vi.  of  '  Vetusta  Monumenta, 
Societat.  Antiqua.  Lond.' 

Sir  J.  Gardiner  Wilkinson  in  his  '  Popular 
Account  of  the  Ancient  Egyptians,1  new 
edition,  1871,  vol.  ii.  p.  39,  writes  : — 

"Like  the  Romans,  they  usually  brought  the 
seed  in  a  basket,  which  the  sower  held  in  his  left 
hand,  or  suspended  on  his  arm  (sometimes  with  a 
strap  round  his  neck),  while  he  scattered  the  seed 

with  his  right The  mode  of  sowing  was  what  we 

term  broadcast ;  the  seed  was  scattered  loosely  over 
the  surface." 

On  the  next  page  are  woodcuts  represent- 
ing processes  of  agriculture,  taken  from  the 
Tombs  of  the  Kings  of  Thebes.  One  of  the 
figures  holds  a  basket  in  his  left  hand, 


n  s.  ii.  SEPT.  10, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


217 


while  with  his  right  he  throws  an  enormous 
shower  of  seed  over  his  head  to  his  front. 

On.  p.  18  is  a  woodcut  of  a  scene  taken 
from  Thebes,  where  there  is  a  small  figure 
throwing  seed  over  his  head  with  his  left 
hand.  He  has  no  basket  or  bag. 

ROBERT  PIERPOIXT. 

TOE  AND  FINGER  NAMES  (11  S.  ii.  106). — 

On  a  day,  alack  the  day — 

liow  far  off  it  seems  ! — my  infant  toes  would 
answer  to  the  roll-call, 
Toetipe, 

Perry-  (or  Penny-)  wipe, 
Tommy  Tissle  Thistle), 
Billy  Whistle, 
And  Trippingo,  Trippingo,  Trippingo, 

If  I  were  to  call  them  names  now,  I  should 
be  inclined  to  apply  what  some  blunderer 
termed  "  approbrious  epitapha." 

Halliwell  heads  '  Toe  Games  '  in  '  Popular 
Rhymes,'  (p.  101)  with 

Harry  Whistle,  Tommy  Thistle, 
Harry  Whible,  Tommy  Thible, 
And  little  Oker-bell. 

ST.  S  WITHIN. 

It  may  interest  MR.  KEMP  to  know  that 
my  mother  remembers  children  in  Shrop- 
shire and  Cheshire  being  taught  the  following 
names  for  their  fingers  during  the  thirties 
-and  forties  : — 

Thumb,  Tommy  Tompkins. 
First  finger,  Billy  Wilkins. 
Second  finger,  Long  Larum. 
Third  finger,  Betsy  Bedlam. 
Fourth  finger,  Little  Bob. 

B.  SMITH. 
Blundellsands. 

In  the  forties  my  thumb  and  four  fingers 
were 

Tom  Thumper, 

Ben  Bumper, 

Long  'nation, 

Tem'tation, 

Little  man  o'  war,  war,  war  ! 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 
Worksop. 

MORGANATIC  MARRIAGES  (11  S.  ii.  107). — 
-Morganatic  marriages  are  discussed  in 
('//  'tinders' s  Journal,  1862,  and  in  Truth, 
1881,  vol.  x.  Many  of  the  most  important 
of  such  marriages  are  described  in  the 
Chambers  article  with  more  or  less  fullness. 
Encyclopedias  will  also  afford  information. 
There'  is  no  complete  list  of  such  unions; 
in  existence.  .  The  Royal  Marriage  Act, 
.2  Geo.  III.  c.  11,  made  certain  regulations 
for  these  unions  in  the  British  royal  family, 
tizing  them  if  previously  approved  by 
the  sovereign,  and  not  disapproved  by  Parlia-i 
rnent.  W.  S.  S. 


BUDDHA  IN  CHRISTIAN  ART  (11  S.  ii.  147). 
— There  is  a  cup -shaped  vessel,  of  carved 
ivory,  surmounted  by  a  lid,  that  appears 
to  belong  to  this  category,  although  unaccom- 
panied by  a  representation  of  Buddha.  It 
is  of  fine  workmanship,  and  its  carving  is 
unmistakably  Eastern  in  its  character  and 
detail.  Its  history  is  unknown,  but  it  was 
one  of  the  objects  preserved  in  the  Allan 
Collection,  and  is  thus  described  in  a  '  Synop- 
sis of  the  Newcastle  Museum,  late  the  Allan, 
formerly  the  Tunstall,  or  Wycliffe  Museum,' 
by  G.  T.  Fox,  1827,  p.  183  :— 

"  Antique  Pix,  in  ivory,  beautifully  carved, 
10  inches  high,  with  a  case.— The  annexed  engraving 
shews  the  form  of  this  curious  and  highly  orna- 
mented vessel.  It  consists  of  a  cup  and  lid,  the 
latter  surmounted  with  statues  of  the  Virgin  and 
Child,  3  inches  high,  the  whole  height  being 
13  inches.  On  the  cup  are  three  figures  in  alto 
relievo,  with  hands  joined,  emblematic  of  the 
Trinity.  There  are  two  similar  coats  of  arms, 
corresponding  on  the  lid  and  cup,  which  may  serve, 
when  explained,  to  throw  some  light  on  the  sub- 
ject. Round  the  bottom  are  several  uncouth  devices 
of  animals,  towards  which  four  serpents  detached 
stretch  their  heads." 

Originally  a  parchment  label,  "  sealed  to  a 
handsome  string  of  coloured  silk,Jl  had  been 
attached.  This  had  become  almost  illegible, 
but 

"  by  immersion  in  an  infusion  of  galls,  the  following 
words  have  been  recovered  : — 

"'Johannes    Schlevel Joannes   E Schffle. 

De  Ex ine  hujus  poculi entur  nostrum  Testi- 

monium.' " 

Another  engraving  of  this  object  will  be 
found  in  '  Antiquarian  Gleanings  in  the 
North  of  England,'  by  Wm.  Bell  Scott,  n.d., 
plate  xxi.  To  the  description  of  the  carving 
Mr.  Scott  adds:  "On  the  base,  towards 
which  depend  four  dead  serpents,  is. rudely 
carved  Daniel  in  the  lions'  den.11 

The  cup  is  now  in  the  Museum  of  the 
Newcastle  Society  of  Antiquaries. 

R.  OLIVER  HESLOP. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 

CORIO  ARMS  (US.  ii.  89). — Rietstap  in  his 
'  Armorial  General l  gives  the  following  : — 

"Corio-Figliodoni  (Comtes),  Milan — Coupe*  :  au  1 
recoup^ :  a,  de  gu.  au  lion  naiss.  d'arg.  cour  d'or 
mouv.  de  coupe :  b,  d'arg,  k  un  C  des  manuscrits 
antiques  d'azur :  au  2  parti  a  fasce  d'or  et  de  gu 
d'arg.  a  une  couleuvre  ondoyante  en  pal  d'azur, 
cour  d'or  engloutissant  un  enfant  de  earn.  (Crests) 
Le  lion  issuanf  <ie  1  emit,  1  d'or  et  de  gules.  2.  La 
couleuvre  de  2,  iss.  1  d'arg.  et  d'azur." 

S.  D.  C. 

The  arms  borne  by  this  Milanese  family 
would  be  blazoned-  in  English  as  follows  : 
I*er  fesse  gules  and  argent  in  chief  a  lion 
issiiant  of  the  last,  and  in-  base  the  letter 
C' azure.  LEO  C. 


218 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES,      tn  s.  ii.  SEPT.  10, 1910. 


SNAILS  AS  FOOD  (11  S.  ii.  125,  175).— 
Many  years  ago  a  friend  of  mine  received 
an  inquiry  from  France  as  to  the  prospects 
of  fattening  snails,  for  the  Paris  market, 
at  the  village  of  Piddinghoe,  near  New- 
haven,  Sussex.  It  was  proposed  to  estab- 
lish a  "  snail  farm  *'  there,  and  for  aught 
I  know  to  the  contrary,  it  may  exist  to-day. 

CECIL  CLARKE. 

Shanklin,  I.  of  W. 

It  may  have  been  Sir  Kenelm  Digby's 
introduction  into  England  of  the  snail  as 
food  that  induced  John  Gay  thus  to  poetize 
in  his  '  Trivia  *  : — 

What  will  not  luxury  taste  ?    Earth,  sea,  and  air, 
Are  daily  ransack'd  for  the  bill  of  fare. 
Blood  stuffed  in  skins  is  British  Christians'  food, 
And  France  robs  marshes  of  the  croaking  brood  ; 
Spongy  morsels  in  strong  ragouts  are  found, 
And  m  the  soup  the  slimy  snail  is  drowned. 

HAROLD  MALET,  Col. 

I  am  grateful  to  J.  T.  F.  for  his  advice, 
which  I  may  one  day  follow  if  I  feel  well 
enough  and  have  leisure  when  I  am  near  the 
Gare  de  Lyon  in  Paris.  Hitherto  snails 
have  been  offered  to  me  during  the  course 
of  a  meal,  may  I  say  as  entremets  ?  It  is 
quite  possible  that  they  need  that  best  of  all 
sauces,  hunger,  if  they  are  to  do  themselves 
credit.  ST.  SWITHIN.  . 

Your  talented  correspondent  ST.  SWITHIN 
has  been  unfortunate  in  his  snails.  J.  T.  F. 
sends  him  to  Rouen  and  Chartres  and  Gare 
de  Lyon,  Paris.  But  from  my  own  experi- 
ence I  should  send  him  a  little  further- 
to  Bourges.  Near  the  glorious  Cathedral  of 
Bourges  he  will  find  an  ancient  hostelry 
whose  speciality  is  Helix  pomatia,  the 
original  edible  Roman  snail.  But  here  they 
specially  rear  these  delicacies  on  the  leaves 
of  a  peculiar  kind  of  vine,  serving  them,  in 
their  shells,  on  a  special  sort  of  bread  toasted 
and  brought  hot.  Each  guest  is  supplied 
with  a  curved,  two -pronged  silver  fork  that 
the  delicious  morsel  may  be  extracted  intact. 
And  very  delicious,  and  no  doubt  nutritious, 
is  this  excellent  diet.  JOHN  WARD. 

SPEAKER'S  CHAIR  OF  THE  OLD  HOUSE  OF 
COMMONS  (11  S.  ii.  128,  177).  —  The  Free- 
mason for  27  August  gives  the  name 
of  the  Masonic  publication  inquired  for, 
viz.,  The  Freemason's  Quarterly  Review 
for  1839,  p.  498.  The  information  is  over 
the  initials  ("  E.  L.  H.n)  of  a  well-known 
Masonic  writer,  so  is  thoroughly  reliable. 
CHARLES  S.  BURDON. 


0n 


Longmans'    Historical    Illustrations.  —  Portfolio    I. 

The  Eleventh  Century.  —  II.  The  Twelfth  Century. 

III.    The    Thirteenth    Century.—  IV.   The  Four- 

teenth Century. 

THESE  illustrations,  all  of  which  are  drawn  and 
described  by  Mr.  T.  C.  Barfield,  are  admirably 
calculated  to  bring  home  to  the  student  details  of 
the  life  of  the  past,  which  still  persists  amongst  us 
for  those  who  have  eyes  to  see  and  to  read.  Archi- 
tecture and  costume,  the  life  of  the  streets,  of 
commerce  and  industry  as  well  as  war,  are  revealed 
in  these  capable  drawings,  enhanced  by  a  text 
which  should  be  sufficient  to  encourage  further 
research.  We  hope  that  this  series  will  be  widely 
taken  up  in  schools  of  all  sorts,  for  the  education 
of  the  upper  classes,  though  it  has  many  strong 
supporters,  is,  so  far  as  our  experience  goes, 
lamentably  defective  in  the  lines  which  these 
portfolios  cover.  In  the  course  of  a  long  ex- 
perience of  our  public  schools,  we  never  remember 
any  trace  of  an  attempt  to  interest  young  boys 
in  architecture  or  mediaeval  life.  Possibly  things 
are  better  now,  but  we  are  convinced  that  there 
is  much  teaching  of  a  valuable  sort  (which  will 
increase  tenfold  the  interests  of  later  life)  to  be 
done  by  schoolmasters  with  such  aids  as  that 
before  us. 

In  English  Homes.  By  Charles  Latham.  Vol. 
III.  The  Letterpress  edited,  and  an  Intro- 
duction written,  by  H.  Avary  Tipping.  (Offices 
of  '  Country  Life  '  and  Gr.  Newnes.) 
THE  awkward  size  and  the  weight  of  this  volume, 
doubtless  largely  due  to  the  heavy  paper  on  which 
the  illustrations  are  printed,  are  the  chief  dis- 
advantages of  a  volume  which  would  otherwise 
be  an  attractive  addition  to  most  libraries.  The 
articles  reproduced  from  Country  Life  have  long 
been  recognized  as  one  of  the  noteworthy  features 
of  the  paper,  and  they  open  up  to  us  a  generous 
insight  into  those  fine  houses  which  are  a  feature 
of  the  country.  Here  we  find  descriptions  —  to 
choose  a  few  examples  —  of  Blenheim  Palace, 
Chatsworth,  Ditchley  House,  Forde  Abbey,. 
Petworth  House,  Stoneleigh  Abbey,  Swakeleys 
(near  Uxbridge),  and  Wentworth  Woodhouse. 
The  Introduction  deals  with  several  important 
University  examples  of  fine  architecture. 

THE  first  place  in  The  Cornhill  for  September 
is  occupied  by  Sir  Clements  Markham,  who  gives 
extracts  from  the  verse  of  '  A  Polar  Laureate  :  Sir 
Francis  Doyle.'     Mrs.  Sarah  Tooley  has  an  excel- 
lent article  on  '  The  Centenary  of  Mrs.  Gaskell, 
incidentally  settling  the  number  of  the  house  n 
Chelsea  where  she  was  born  as  93,  Cheyne  Walk. 
We  share  the  writer's  hope  that   "  a  memorial 
tablet    will    grace    it    in    this    centenary    year. 
Various  details  of  interest  concerning  Knutsford 
are    noted,    and    some    criticisms    of    Charlotte 
Bronte's    on   Mrs.    Gaskell's   books    are   skilfully 
introduced.     We  learn  that  much  of  these  was 
written   in   the    early   morning.     There    was 
sacred  study,  and  none  of  the  fuss  about  bein 
worried  by  inmates  of  the  house  which  sometime! 
serves    to    advertise    modern    female    novehs 
It  is  altogether  a  charming  picture  of  one  who  waf 
beautiful  both  in  mind  and  person. 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  10,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


219 


Mrs.  M.  L.  Woods  continues  her  vivid  series 
of  '  Pastels  '  with  '  On  the  Road  to  Zim- 
babwe,' in  which  she  has  some  striking  notes 
on  the  manners  of  Rhodesia,  Kaffirs,  and  lions. 
'  Concerning  Guide-books,'  by  Mr.  Claude  E. 
Benson,  shows  what  patience  and  skill  go  to 
hunting  up  and  verifying  the  details  which  the 
ordinary  man  is  apt  to  take  for  granted.  We 
congratulate  Mr.  Benson  alike  on  his  admirable 
spirit  and  his  powers  of  writing.  In  '  A  Letter 
from  Sens  '  Sir  James  Yoxall  has  gathered  some 
interesting  associations, but,as]we  have  said  before, 
his  style  is  too  affected  for  our  taste.  In  '  Land 
of  Chaos  '  Mr.  Norman  Douglas  gives  a  striking 
picture  of  the  ruined  Messina  after  the  earthquake, 
and  the  pathos  of  wasted  lives.  '  Travel  Memories 
at  the  Zoo  '  gives  Mr.  F.  G.  Aflalo  an  opportunity 
to  state  that  the  establishment  in  Regent's  Park 
will  compare  favourably  with  any  Zoo  in  the 
world.  Certainly  the  new  management  has 
worked  wonders  in  the  way  of  unproved  con- 
;  ditions  for  the  animals.  But  when  Mr.  Aflalo 
j  speaks  of  "  the  London  Zoo,  without  unduly  im- 
prisoning its  inmates,"  as  giving  tne  public  "  every 
facility  for  inspection,"  we  must  say  that  we  wish 
the  bears  in  the  small  cages  had  more  room.  The 
number  includes,  as  usual,  some  good  work  in  the 
short  story  by  Mr.  W.  J.  Batchelder  and  Mr. 
Edmund  Candler. 

IN  The  Fortnightly  Mr.  J.  L.  Garvin's  '  Review 
of  Events  '  is  chiefly  occupied  with  India.  The 
two  next  articles  both  deal  with  Egypt.  The 
question  '  What  does  India  Want  Politically  ?  '  is 
answered  by  Saint  Nihal  Singh  with  the  plea  that 
self  -  government  is  the  desire  of  the  educated 
Indian,  the  "  abject,  slavish  state  of  mind  "  of  the 
native  having  been  cast  aside  in  the  last  few 
years.  Mr.  James  Milne  in  '  The  Personality  of 
America  '  is  sprightly  and  superficial,  and  not  all 
his  stories  were  worth  reproduction.  K.  L.  Mont- 
gomery, herself  a  novelist,  has  a  capital  paper 
on  Mrs.  Gaskell,  but  why  it  is  prefaced  by  an 
historic  rapture  on  Watling  Street  in  Mr.  Belloc's 
manner  we  cannot  imagine.  The  author  might 
have  learnt  from  her  subject  the  value  of  simple 
and  unaffected  writing.  In  '  An  Old-Tune 
Colonial  Secretary '  Mr.  Raymond  Blathwayt 
deals  with  the  State  papers  and  documents  con- 
veyed from  Whitehall  to  his  family  seat  by 
William  Blathwayt,  a  Secretary  of  State  to 
Charles  II.,  James  II.,  William  III.,  and  Queen 
Anne.  As  Mr.  Blathwayt  shows,  these  papers  of 
his  ancestor,  which  fetched  a  high  price  at  Messrs. 
Sotheby's  last  April,  are  of  considerable  interest. 
Some  of  them  at  least  ought  to  be  in  the  Record 
Office,  as  The  Athenaeum  pointed  out  at  the  tune. 
Mr.  Stephen  Reynolds  deals  picturesquely  with  an 
important  subject  in  '  Divorce  for  the  Poor  '  ; 
and  Mr.  Jasper  Kenmis  has  a  study  of  a  man  of 
real  mark  in  '  Cardinal  Rampolla.'  Mr.  C.  S. 
Bremner's  '  Garden  City  :  the  Housing  Experi- 
ment at  Letchworth,'  is  sufficiently  outspoken  to 
be  of  real  value.  Mr.  Arthur  Ransome  has  a 
laudatory  article  on  '  The  Poetry  of  Yone  Nogu- 
chi,'  which  deserves,  indeed,  wide  recognition.  It 
would,  however,  have  been  well  to  add  that, 
if  the  Japanese  author,  a  true  poet,  has  gained 
by  coming  to  English  as  a  fresh  language,  he 
has  also  lost  by  using  phrases  which  the  verdict 

t  any  Englishman  of  taste  would  reject  as 
impossible.  Mr.  Edwin  L.  Arnold's  article  on 

Motorists  and  the  Roman  Road  '  is  of  interest, 


but  singularly  brief  and  scrappy.  Mr.  E.  H.  D. 
Sewell  writes  with  authority  on  '  The  Past  Cricket 
Season,'  but,  as  various  of  his  comments  show,  is 
hardly  up  to  date.  Mr.  P.  F.  Warner,  for  instance , 
has  by  this  tune  made  up  for  his  loss  of  form  early 
in  the  season,  and  actually  as  we  write  (5  Septem- 
ber) stands  third  in  the  batting  averages.  Miss 
Violet  Hunt  has  a  gloomy,  but  able  story  in  '  The 
Witness  '  ;  and  Mr.  Walter  Lennard  begins  in  his 
'  In  Search  of  Egeria  '  a  clever  study  of  a  particu- 
larly unpleasant  type  of  man. 

A  THIRD  article  on  Mrs.  Gaskell,  by  Mr.  Lewis 
Melville,  appears  in  The  Nineteenth  Century.  It 
is  of  the  chatty  sort,  and  not  free  from  unnecessary 
verbiage.  What  precise  claim  the  Rev.  A.  H.  T. 
Clarke  has  to  deal  afresh  with  '  The  Genius  of 
Gibbon  '  we  do  not  know.  The  nine  pages 
devoted  to  his  first  article,  on  '  Gibbon  the  Man,' 
tell  us  nothing  new.  It  is  well,  however,  to  call 
attention  to  Prof.  Bury's  fine  edition  of  the  great 
'  History.'  The  Professor's  erudition  is  masterly, 
but  we  doubt  if  he  would  care  to  be  called  by 
Mr.  Clarke  "  the  sole  surviving  heir  of  the  great 
Cambridge  tradition."  The  useful  part  of  this 
summary  article  consists  of  the  foot-notes  re- 
ferring to  modern  editions  and  aids  to  the  under- 
standing of  Gibbon.  That  Mr.  Clarke  should 
think  it  necessary  to  refer  to  Sir  Archibald  Alison 
for  the  title  of  his  article  is  odd. 

In  '  Folk-lore  in  Word-lore  '  Dr.  Smythe  Palmer 
contributes  one  of  his  interesting  and  learned 
papers  on  a  subject  of  which  he  is  a  master.  As 
is  his  excellent  practice,  he  gives  references  for  his 
statements  at  the  bottom  of  each  page.  He  opens 
his  article  with  an  explanation  of  the  Cumberland 
phrase  "  Auld  Muffy,"  which  means  the  Devil,  and 
is  a  lineal  descendant  of  the  Anglo-French  maufer 
which  is  "  ill-made,"  or  "  ill-doing,"  or  "  ill  fairy." 
Old  legal  French  in  a  quotation  from  '  The  Court 
Baron '  seems  to  support  the  second.  Other 
articles  well  worth  attention  are  '  The  Prominence 
of  Pastime,'  by  Col.  Kenney  Herbert ;  '  The 
Problem  of  Army  Remounts,'  by  the  Earl  of 
Cardigan  ;  and  '  Towards  Educational  Peace,'  by 
Prof.  Inge,  which  has  some  salutary  plain-speaking 
as  to  the  probable  results  of  the  present  dissensions » 

IN  The  National  Review  '  Episodes  of  the  Month  ' 
afford,  as  usual,  some  lively  reading.  Viscount 
Esher,  who  writes  on  '  The  Voluntary  Principle, r 
is  always  worth  attention.  "  An  Old  Subscriber  "" 
in  '  The  Libraries  and  their  Critics  '  comments  on 
an  outspoken  article  on  the  same  subject  in  the 
July  Fortnightly  by  an  "  Ex-Librarian."  We  are 
not  in  agreement  with  the  "  Old  Subscriber's  "" 
views.  He  is  presumably  more  or  less  of  an  expert 
in  book-selection,  but  he  should  also  consider  the 
majority  of  those  who  use  libraries,  and  who  have 
certainly  no  such  claims.  Unless  the  libraries 
are  to  take  up  everything  which  comes  out,  they 
ought  to  employ  an  expert  to  judge  the  books, 
and  get  a  little  beyond  the  common  idea  of  going 
by  mere  names  and  previous  circulations.  A 
definite  instance,  it  may  be  recalled,  was  given  by 
"  Ex-Librarian  "  of  the  shortsightedness  of  the 
libraries  in  rejecting  a  work  which  was  recognized 
early  by  the  critics.  Mr.  W.  Roberts  has  an 
interesting  article  on  '  English  Pictures  in  Modern 
German  Galleries,'  from  which  it  appears  that  the 
desire  to  acquire  examples  of  English  masters  is  a 
novelty  among  foreign  authorities,  although  the 
superiority  of  the  Early  English  School  to  every 


220 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii's.  n.  SEPT.  10, 1910. 


other  school  of  the  same  period  is  fully  recognized 
abroad.  The  Rev.  R.  L.  Gales  is  rather  scrappy 
on  '  The  Christian  Lore  of  Angels,'  and  might 
have  referred  to  books  which  supply  more  detail. 
*  A  Dog  of  Constantinople,'  a  canine  autobiography 
by  Mr.  Gilbert  Watson,  is  capital  reading,  and 
affords  a  change  from  the  Imperial  affairs  with 
which  The  National's  apt  to  be  overweighted. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — SEPTEMBER. 

MR.  L.  C.  BRAUN'S  Catalogue  65  contains  the 
1775  edition  of  Ariosto,  4  vols.,  half -calf,  31.  10s.  ; 
Stockdale's  edition  of  Gay's  '  Fables,'  1793, 
31.  10s.  ;  and  '  Paris  a  travers  les  Ages,'  by 
Hoffbauer,  text  by  Fournier  and  others,  3  vols., 
large  folio,  green  morocco,  4Z.  4s.  There  are  first 
editions  of  '  Vathek,'  1786,  and  Leigh  Hunt's 
'  Men,  Women,  and  Books.  French  Literature 
includes  Stranger's  memoirs,  with  a  3-page  auto- 
graph letter  by  the  poet.  There  are  works  under 
Bibliography  and  Printing,  Natural  History, 
Poetry,  and  Old  .and  Curious.  A  MS.  of  the  first 
English  newspaper,  The  English  Mercuric,  No.  51, 
Whitehall,  July  26th,  1588,  is  21.  2s.  A  note  in 
it  says, "There  is  a  MS.  copy  n  the  British  Museum, 
but  not  a  printed  one,  a  printed  copy  not  known 
to  exist.  This  is  an  exact  copy  of  the  one  in  the 
British  Museum."  The  catalogue  closes  with 
engraved  views  and  portraits,  including  many 
views  of  old  London. 

Mr.  Richard  Cameron's  Edinburgh  Catalogue 
232  contains  the  facsimile  issue  of  the  Kilmarnock 
edition  of  Burns,  11.  5s.  ;  the  Edition  de  Luxe  of 
Burton's  '  Book-Hunter,'  16s.  Gd.,  and  Payne 
Collier's  '  Criticisms  on  the  Bar,'  which,  the 

*  D.N.B.'  says,  injuriously  affected  his  prospects 
as    a    lawyer.     Under    Heraldry    will    be    found 
Nisbet's  '  Heraldic  Plates,'  originally  intended  for 
Ms    '  System   of   Heraldry,'    11.    16s.    Qd.     Under 
Edinburgh  Theatre  there  are  playbills  of  1843-4  ; 
and  it  is  needless  to  say  there  are  plenty  of  works 
of  Scottish  interest. 

Messrs.  S.  Drayton  &  Sons  of  Exeter  send  two 
Catalogues,  Nos.  218  and  219.  The  first  is  a 

feneral    list.      We  note   a  set  of   The  Ancestor, 
I.    10s.     Under    Dickens    are    first    editions    of 

*  A  Child's  History  '  and  '  Nicholas  Nickleby,'  and 
under    George    Eliot   the   first   edition    of    '  Silas 
Marner.'     Under  English  Coronation  Records  is 
Mr.     Wickham     Legg's    work,     11.     Is.  ;      under 
Augustus  Hare,  '  The  History  of  My  Life,'  6  vols., 
17s.  Qd.  (out  of  print)  ;    and  under  Dr.  Johnson, 

*  The  English  Poets,'  68  vols.,  calf,  1779,  11.  15s. 
There  are  many  \vorks  relating  to  Devon,  including 
Ellacombe's  '  Church  Bells,'  21.   10s.     There  are 
also  lists   under   Egypt,   Assyria,   and   Palestine, 
and  other  subjects. 

Catalogue  219  is  devoted  to  Modern  Theology. 
Mr.  W'  M.  Murphy's  Liverpool  Catalogue  157 
opens  with  a  beautiful  set  of  Burton's  '  Arabian 
Mghts,'  Benares,  1885,  15Z.  There  is  a  nice 
example  of  painted  fore-edges,  '  Melampus,'  a 
poem,  1781,  4Z.  4s.  A  copy  of  '  The  Century 
Dictionary  '  is  priced  6/.  10s.  There  are  works 
under  America.  ,  Under  Armour  is  Hewitt's 
.*  Ancient  Armour,'  scarce,  1855-60,  31.  15s*  There 
are  sundry  Baxter  prints.  Dickens  items  include 
the  original  parts  of  '  Copperfield,'  '  Bleak 
House,'  and  '  Our  Mutual  Friend,'  some  being 
., 'slightly  defective.  Under  Kate  Greenaway^  is 
"*  Grandmama's  Schooldays,'  a  stipple' engraving, 


1881,  21.  2s.  ;  under  Hogarth,  the  1821  edition 
2  vols.,  atlas  folio,  3Z.  15s.  ;  under  Java,  Raffles 's 
'  History,'  2  vols.,  4to,  1817,  51.  10s.  ;  and  under 
Leech  a  series  of  humorous  coloured  prints. 

Messrs.  Myers  &  Co.  send  two  Catalogues. 
No.  159  contains  general  literature.  There  is  a  nice 
copy  of  A'Beckett's  'Comic  History  of  England,' 
the 'original  20  numbers,  1846-8,  9^.  *  The  Ingoldsby 
Legends,'  3  vols.,  original  cloth,  6^.  15s.,  contains  a 
letter  from  Barham  referring  to  "  a  periodical  which 
I  had  been  instrumental  in  bringing  into  existence" 
(Benthy's  Miscellany).  Under  Hampstead  is  a 
collection  of  rare  views,  original  marriage  certifi- 
cates, newspaper  cuttings,  &c.,  1710-1910,  bound  in 
a  thick  folio,  81.  10s.  ;  under  Japan  is  Kaempfer's 
'  History,'  1727,  2  vols.,  folio,  51.  5s. ;  and  under 
Goldsmith  is  Cunningham's  edition,  4  vols.,  and 
Forster's  Life,  2  vols.,  original  cloth,  1854,  4/.  lls.Gd. 
The  large-type  edition  of  Creighton's  '  History  of 
the  Papacy  *  (publisher's  stamp  in  vol.  i.),  5  vols.,  is 
4Z.  17s.  Qd.  TMckens  items  include  twenty  -  four 
original  drawings  in  sepia  by  Kyd  to  illustrate 
'  Pickwick,'  51.  5s.  Messrs.  Myers  state  that  this 
is  the  only  sepia  set  in  existence. 

Their  Catalogue  160  is  devoted  to  Engraved  Por- 
traits. These  include  John  Ayres,  teacher  of 
writing,  who  introduced  the  Italian  hand  into 
England ;  the  Duke  of  Bridgewater,  the  great 
promoter  of  inland  navigation  ;  Combe,  author  of 
'The  Tour  of  Dr.  Syntax';  Frost,  the  Chartist; 
and  Halley,  the  pre'dicter  of  the  return  of  the 
celebrated  comet. 

Mr.  Charles  J.  Sawyer's  Catalogue  22  contains 
a  fine  copy  of  the  first  edition  of  Goldsmith's 
'  Traveller,'  15Z.  15s»  ;  a  largest-paper  copy  of 
Boydell's  '  Thames,'  2  vols.,  full  morocco,  217.  ; 
the  second  issue  of  the  first  edition  of  La  Fontaine, 
5L  15s.  ;  a  sound,  tall  copy  of  the  '  Nuremberg 
Chronicle,'  all  the  woodcuts  coloured,  1493, 
5Z.  12s.  Qd.  ;  and  Ackermann's  '  Oxford,'  13Z.  10s. 
Under  bibliography  are  the  works  issued  by  the 
Grolier  Club.  There  is  the  complete  unexpurgated 
edition  of  Balzac.  Dickens  items  include  the  first 
editions  of  '  Copperfield,'  '  Martin  Chuzzlewit,' 
and  '  Master  Humphrey's  Clock.'  There  is  an 
extra-illustrated  copy  of  Pilkington's  '  Painters,' 
and  a  collection  of  Kent  drawings  and  views  from 
the  Hovenden  Collection.  An  unpublished  MS. 
written  by  Zechariah  Cozens,  being  an  '  Ecclesias- 
tical Topographical  History  of  Kent,'  2  large 
volumes,  is  priced  351.  Among  autographs  are 
a  letter  of  Carlyle's  to  Weinman  referring  to  Hun- 
gary, "  Eastern  Questions,"  &c.,  and  enclosing 
"  my  poor  contribution,"  1871,  11.  2s.  Qd.  ;  and 
one  of  Scott's  to  William  Hawes  inviting  him  to 
Abbotsford,  1824,  31.  10s. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

E.  G.  ("  Bishop  Berkeley:  '  Cheer,  but  not 
inebriate  '  "). — That  Cowper  was  anticipated 
by  Berkeley  was  noted  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  so. long  ago  as 
21  June,  1856  (2  S.  i.  490). 


n  s.  ii.  SEPT.  17, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


221 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  17,  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  38. 

NOTES  :— Sir  John  Bowring  and  Fauriel,  221  —  Variant 
Readings  in  Wordsworth,  222  —  Plantagenet  Tombs  at 
Fontevrault,  223  —  Gladstone  at  Wilmslow,  224 —Harp 
Alley—  "Smouch,"  Term  for  a  Jew— West  Indian  Folk- 
lore, 225— John  Wesley's  Marriage— William  Roupell— 
4  Arden  of  Feversham  '—Marriage  in  Lincoln's  Inn  Chapel 
—Wade  and  Gainsborough,  226. 

QUERIES  :— Hillman  Family— John  Marshman  :  Archibald 
Forbes  —  Archibald  Bruce  —  Lum  Surname  —  Sir  Eyre 
Coote's  Monument— Bliicher  at  Waterloo,  227 — '  Le  Pro- 
sent  '_««  Fern  to  make  malt"— De  Quincey  and  Coleridge 
— Whyteheer — Woman  throwing  her  Children  to  Wolves — 
'  Agathonia '  —  Prinknash  —  Michael  Wright,  Painter  — 
Greek  Illustrated  History— Hezekiah  Swift,  228— Matthew 
Arnold  on  Nineteenth  -  Century  Eloquence  —  Authors 
Wanted— John  Peel  of  Troutbeck— "  Game  leg  "— "  Quiz  " 
— Kennett  and  Howe  —  Daniel  and  the  Pirate  —  Carlin 
Sunday  and  Fleet  Street,  229— Slavery  in  Scotland— Capt. 
A.  Elton  —  Danby  Pickering  —  C.  Potter  —  Hone's  '  Table 
Book,1  230. 

REPLIES  :— Sir  Henry  Dudley,  230— Elephant  and  Castle  in 
Heraldry,  231  — Vavasour  Surname,  232  »- Richard  Gem— 
"  Teest " — Secretaries  to  the  Lords  Lieutenant,  233 — '  Arno 
Miscellany'—'  Oliver  Twist'  on  the  Stage— 'Drawing-Room 
Ditties ' — Sir  John  Ivory,  234— Authors  Wanted — "  Aver- 
age »_  Sudan  Archaeology  —  John  Kine,  Artist  —  Seven- 
teenth-Century i  Quotations — Mazes — The  Old  Pretender, 
235— Theophilus  Feild— Egerton  Leigh— Peck  and  Beck- 
ford  Fuller— Cocker — E.  R.  Moran — Jacob  Henriquez,  236 
— Tammany— Oatcake  and  Whisky—'  Erlkonigs  Tochter ' 
—Duke  of  Grafton,  East  Indiaman— "  Yellow-Backs,"  237 
—Seventeenth-Century  Clergy— Thomas  Paine's  Grave- 
•stone — Wolfe  on  "  Yankees  "—Shakespeare  and  Peeping 
Tom— Anonymous  Works -'Le  Paysan  Perverti '— '  Jane 
Shore,' 238— Kipling  and  the  Swastika -H.M.S.  Avenger 
— Islington  Historians— Clergy  and  the  Dinner  Table,  239. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :  —  '  Cambridge  History  of  English 
Literature.' 


SIR   JOHN    BOWRING  AND  FAURIEL. 

THE  library  of  the  French  Institute  contains 
among  the  papers  and  correspondence  of  the 
learned  scholar  Fauriel  four  letters  (not 
three)  addressed  by  Bowring  to  his  friend. 
Of  these,  only  the  first,  dated  2  Sept.,  1821, 
has  been  printed  by  the  late  GUSTAVE 
MASSON  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  for  5  July,  1884 
<6  S.  x.  4).  I  now  give  the  three  others. 

I. 

Mon  cher  Fauriel 

Thierry*  me  donne  1'espoir  de  vous  revoir.  Je 
nesortirai  pas  de  chez  moi  apres  une  heure. — 
Venez  done.  Tout  a  vous. 

J.  BOWRING. 

3/10/22 
Mons.  Fauriel 

Rue  des  Vieilles  Tuileries  No.  47  f 
Maison  de  M™  Cabanis 
au  coin  de  la  Rue  de  Bagneux. 


*  The  historian  Augustin  Thierry,  born  at  Bloia, 
1"  -May,  1796  ;  died  in  Paris,  22  May,  1856. 

+  Began  Rue  du  Regard  and  Rue  du  Cherche- 
Midi.  to  end  Rue  du  Petit  Vaugirard  ;  part  of  the 
present  Rue  du  Cherche-Midi. 


This  letter  was  written  on  the  eve  of  the 
arrest  of  Bowring  at  Calais  under  the  pretext 
that  he  was  the  bearer  of  dispatches  announ- 
cing the  intended  invasion  of  the  Peninsula 
by  Louis  XVIII.  Bowring  was  released 
without  trial.  Cf .  '  Details  of  the  Im- 
prisonment and  Liberation  of  an  English- 
man by  the  Bourbon  Government  of  France,' 
1823. 

II. 
Mon  bien  aime"  Fauriel 

Je  remets  ces  deux  mots  &  M.  le  Procureur 
du  Roi  en  1'engageant  s'il  n'y  voit  aucun  obstacle 
a  les  faire  niettre  a  la  poste. 

Je  m'occupe  toujours  dans  ma  prison  de  mes 
traductions  russe  et  allemande,  mais  cela  m'ennuie 
un  peu.  C'est  toujours  perdrix.  Je  vous  engage 
a  me  remettre  au  plutot  une  vingtaine  de  pages 
des  pieces  grecques — que  vos  traductions  notees 
les  accompagnent  et  nous  verrons  le  parti  a 
tirer.  J'aimerais  bien  a  avoir  les  Choeurs  de 
Manzoni,  aussi  avec  une  traduction  et  j'en  ferai 
un  article  pour  un  de  nos  journaux.  Saluez  mes 
amis.  Vous  pouvez  adresser  les  fragmens  grecs 

au  Vice-Consul  anglais,  M.  Hamilton,  pour  moi 

ou^peut-etre  a  la  maison  d'arret  meme  avec  ordre 
d'etre  examine"  par  M.  le  Procureur  du  Roi. 

Les  articles  sur  1'Histoire  de  1'Angleterre  sont 
faits  et  j'espere  que  vous  serez  content  de  ce  que 
j'y  ai  ajoute\  Je  reve  a  une  Tragedie  historique 
sur  ce  sujet.  Dieu  sait  si  1'embryon  naitra  jamais. 
Je  voudrais  bien  avoir  les  cahiers  qui  ont  paru 
de  votre  Socie'te'  Asiatique. — Vale  et  me  ama. 
Tout  a  vous 

J.  BOWRIXG 
Maison  d'Arret 

Boulogne  16  Octobre  1822. 
A  Monsieur 

Monsieur  Fauriel 

Rue  des  Vieilles  Thuilleries,  No.  22 
Paris. 

III. 

Londres   11  Avril  1823 

Carissimo,  Je  vous  donne  deux  mots  de  r^ponse 
a  votre  amiable.  Pour  les  Chansons  grecs*  j'ai 
une  maison  qui  se  chargera  de  la  traduction 
anglaise,  en  pay  ant  tous  les  frais.  S'il  y  a  du 
profit,  et  j'en  suis  assure",  je  voulais  le  donner  au 
Comite"  Grec.  Une  traduction  frangaise  ne  se 
vendrait  pas  ici.  Je  doute  meme  si  nous  pourrions 
trouver  un  libraire  qui  se  chargerait  de  la  publica- 
tion. Moi,  peut-etre,  parmi  mes  amis,  je  pourrais 
trouver  une  quarantaine  de  personnes  qui  les 
prendraient,  mais  1'on  n'aime  pas — on  ne  veut 
pas  de  traduction  en  prose — (les  votres  ne  seront 
pas  prosai'ques  quoiqu'en  prose).  En  vers  ces 
pieces  auraient  un  charme  singulier.  Ce  qu'il  y 
aura  de  plus  difficile  a  arranger  ce  sera  de  vous 
r6mune"rer — Vous  devez  me  parler  franchement 
sur  ce  point.  Je  ferai  ce  que  je  peux.  Pour  la 
publication  des  chansons — pour  la  traduction  en 
vers  anglais,  je  vous  re'ponds. 

Notre  Revue  a  ce  que  j'espere  ira  bien.f — 
Le  ler  No.  ne  paraitra  qu'au  ler  De"c.  Je  voudrais 


*  Fauriel  published  in  1824  and  1825  with  great 
success  the  '  Chants  populaires  de  la  Grdce.' 

t  The  Westminster  Review,  established  in  1823, 
with  Bowring  as  first  editor,  and  with  funds 
contributed  by  Jeremy  Bentham. 


222 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES,      tii  s.  n.  SEPT.  17,  mo. 


bien  y  avoir  quelque  chose  de  vous  pour  montrer 
combien  nous  serons  forts  dans  ce  qui  regarde  la 
literature  dont  vous  etes  un  des  repre"sentatifs. 
Thierry  sans  doute  nous  aidera  bien.  II  va  venir 
en  Angleterre.  C'est  une  grande  joie  pour 
moi. 

Notre  Comite  grec  marche  a  grand  gallop. 
Nous  trouvons  les  nieilleures  dispositions  du 
monde. 

Pour  la  Grece — Oui  !  II  est  de"cid6  que  nous 
aurons  un  long  article  sur  la  Grece  pour  notre 
premier  cahier.  Bentham  fera  la  partie  constitu- 
tionelle.  C'est  a  dire  il  nous  'fournira  des  re- 
marques  sur  les  d^fauts  de  la  constitution.  II  1'a 
d£ja  fait.  Je  desire  briller  au  commencement 
pour  apres  bruler. 

Tout  et  tres  a  vous 

J.  B. 
A  Mons.  Fauriel 

Rue  des  Vieilles  Tuilleries  N.  22 

au  coin  de  la  Rue  St.  Maur 

Paris 

P.c.c. 

HENBI  COBDIEB,  de  PInstitut. 


WORDSWORTH:  VARIANT  READINGS. 

ON  pp.  625-6  of  '  The  Oxford  Wordsworth  ' 
Mr.  Hutchinson  gives  the  text  of  a  sonnet, 
commencing 

The  confidence  of  Youth  our  only  Art, 
which  was  first  published  (1822)  in  '  Memo- 
rials of  a  Tour  on  the  Continent,'  and,  as  his 
editors  have  asserted,  never  reprinted  by- 
its  author.  Mr.  Hutchinson  thinks  that  'it 
probably  was  composed  in  1821 — which 
happens  .to  be  the  year  in  which  most  of  the 
'  Ecclesiastical  Sonnets  '  were  written.  Prof. 
Knight  ('  Eversley  Wordsworth,'  viii.  274), 
after  mentioning  its  appearance  in  1822, 
says  that  it  was  "  struck  out  of  the  next 
edition  "  of  the  '  Memorials,*  "  and  never 
republished."  He  adds :  "  Its  rejection 
by  Wordsworth  is  curious." 

The  thing  that  really  is  "  curious  "  is  a 
failure  on  the  part  of  his  editors  to  discover 
the  relation  existing  between  this  sonnet  of 
Wordsworth  and  No.  12  in  Part  III.  of 
'  Ecclesiastical  Sonnets.''  Being  temporarily 
at  a  distance  from  the  proper  volumes,  1 
asked  my  friend  Prof.  Strunk  to  consult 
them,  and  have  had  my  recollection  con- 
firmed that  neither  Prof.  Knight,  Mr. 
Hutchinson,  Prof.  Dowden,  nor  Mr.  No  well 
Smith  offers  any  reason  why  Wordsworth 
should  have  discarded  the  interesting  memo- 
rial of  his  voyage  down  the  Rhine  in  1790 
with  his  friend  Robert  Jones,  as  the  lines 
appeared  in  1822.  Of  course  the  reason 
for  their  disappearance  from  one  publication 
must  have  been  their  reappearance,  adapted 
to  a  new  purpose,  in  another — that  is,  in  the 
'  Ecclesiastical  Sketches  ?  (as  the  work  origin- 


ally was  called)  of  1827.  Here  again  I  am 
unable  to  consult  the  requisite  editions ; 
but  Mr.  Hutchinson  ('  Oxford  Wordsworth,* 
p.  443)  gives  the  date  of  publication  of  No.  12 
in  'Ecclesiastical  Sonnets,'  Part  III.,  as 
1827.  He  makes  no  conjecture  as  to  the 
date  of  composition. 

Since  both  have  been  included  in  the 
recent  editions  of  Wordsworth,  and  yet 
seemingly  have  failed  to  impress  any  one 
with  their  mutual  resemblance,  it  may  be 
worth  while  to  print  the  two  versions  in  such 
proximity  to  one  another  that  their  con- 
nexion henceforth  may  be  obvious.  The 
alterations  which  Wordsworth  made  in  the 
text  of  his  poems  can  never  be  a  matter  of 
indifference  to  the  student  of  literary  art  ;. 
in  the  present  case,  aside  from  merely  verbal 
improvements,  it  is  instructive  to  see  how 
he  has  put  the  expression  of  a  lofty  mood 
into  the  service  of  a  mood  which  he  considers 
even  loftier  : — 

SONNET. 

AUTHOR'S  VOYAGE  DOWN  THE  RHINE 
(THIRTY  YEARS  AGO). 

The  confidence  of  Youth  our  only  Art, 
And  Hope  gay  Pilot  of  the  bold  design, 
We  saw  the  living  Landscapes  of  the  Rhine,. 
Reach  after  reach,  salute  us  and  depart ; 
Slow  sink  the  Spires, — and  up  again  they  start 
But  who  shall  count  the  Towers  as  they  recline  I 
O'er  the  dark  steeps,  or  on  the  horizon  line 
Striding,  with  shattered  crests,  the  eye  athwart 
More  touching  still,  more  perfect  was  the  pleasure 
When  hurrying  forward  till  the  slack'ning  stream 
Spread    like    a    spacious    Mere,    we    there    coulc 

measure 

A  smooth  free  course  along  the  watery  gleam, 
Think  calmly  on  the  past,  and  mark  at  leisure 
Features  which  else  had  vanished  like  a  dream. 

ECCLESIASTICAL  SONNETS,  III.  12. 

Down  a  swift  Stream,  thus  far,  a  bold  design 
Have  we  pursued,  with  livelier  stir  of  heart 
Than  his  who  sees,  borne  forward  by  the  Rhine,. 
The  living  landscapes  greet  him,  and  depart ; 
Sees  spires  fast  sinking — up  again  to  start !. 
And  strives  the  towers  to  number,  that  recline 
O'er  the  dark  steeps,  or  on  the  horizon  line 
Striding  with  shattered  crests  his  eye  athwart. 
So  have  we  hurried  on  with  troubled  'pleasure  : 
Henceforth,  as  on  the  bosom  of  a  stream 
That  slackens,  and  spreads  wide  a  watery  gleam, 
We,  nothing  loth  a  lingering  course  to  measure, 
May  gather  up  our  thoughts,  and  mark  at  leisure 
How  widely  spread  the  interests  of  our  theme. 

It  might  be  added  that  my  own  attentior 
was  caught  by  the  repetition  of  the  word* 
"  horizon  line  "  in  the  proofs  of  the  '  Con 
cor  dance  to  Wordsworth/  a  work  which 
as  I  hope,  will  prove  to  be  a  boon  to  all  th< 
lovers  of  this  poet.  In  his  Preface  to  th' 
Oxford  Edition  Mr.  Hutchinson  argues  tha 
Wordsworth  could  not  have  meant  to  us 


us.  ii.  SEPT.  17,  i9io.]       NOTES  'AND  QUERIES. 


223 


the  word  '"coral"  (vice  "choral")  as  an 
adjective  in  the  case  of  a  doubtful  reading 
on  p.  217.  On.  p.  220  of  that  edition,  as  the 
Concordance  shows,  the  poet  unquestionably 
uses  this  word  as  an  adjective,  in  line  11  of 
'  The  Triad  '  :— 

Nor  Sea-nymph  glistening  from  her  coral  bower. 
"  Coralline,"    which   is   Mr.    Hutchinson's 
;  preference  as  an  adjectival  form,  has  not  been 
,  recorded  in  Wordsworth.     However,  the  con- 
|  tention   is   safe    that    the    poet    in    general 
i  avoided  the  syntactical  use  of  a  substantive 
as  an  adjective.  LANE  COOPER. 

Seal  Harbor,  Maine. 


PLANTAGENET   TOMBS   AT     , 
FONTEVRAULT. 

(Concluded  from  p.  1&5.) 

THE  two  members  of  the  Angevin  house 
buried  at  Fontevrault  besides  those  pre- 
viously mentioned  are  the  beautiful  Joan  of 
i  England  (who,  left  a  widow  by  the  King 
;  of  Sicily,  married  Raymond  VI.,  Count  of 
Toulouse)  and  Raymond  VII.,  Count  of 
Toulouse.  No  d.oubt  these  discoveries 
at  Fontevrault  will  bring  about  a  revival 
of  interest  in  the  Angevin  kings,  and  there 
will  be  found  no  work  more  useful  than  the 
two  volumes  of  Miss  Kate  Norgate,  '  England 
under  the  Angevin  Kings,'  published  by 
I  Macmillan.  One  would  like  to  see  a  new 
edition  uniform  with  the  crown ,  8vo  edition 
of  Macaulay.  Miss  Norgate  dedicates  her 
book,  "with  the  deepest  reverence  and  grati- 
tude,'1 to  her  "dear  and  honoured  master, 
John  Richard  Green."  I  well  remember 
how  proud  our  old  contributor  her  father 
was  of  this  monumental  work,  and  I  am 
indebted  to  her  volumes  for  the  following 
facts. 

The  abbey  was  founded  by  a  pious  and 
noble  Crusader,  Robert  of  Arbrissel,  in  the 
early  years  of  the  reign  of  Fulk  the  Good. 

"  An  English  writer  nowadays  feels  as  if  some 
prophetic  instinct  must  have  guided  its  architect, 
and  given  to  his  work  that  peculiar  and  striking 
character  which  so  exactly  fits  it  for  the  burial- 
place  of  the  two  Angevin  kings  of  England  whose 
sculptured  effigies  still  remain  in  the  south 
transept." 

Although  Henry  II.  had  given  solemn 
directions  that  .he  should  be  buried  at  Grand - 
mont,  the  prophecy  was  to  be  fulfilled 
"  He  shall  be  shrouded  among  the  shrouded 
women,"  and  he  was  the  first  of  the  Angevin 
kings  to  be  buried  in  the  abbey,  robed  as 
if  for  his  coronation,  \vith  a  crown  of  gold 
upon  his  head,  a  gold  ring  on  his.  finger, 


sandals  on  his    feet,   and  a   sceptre  in  his- 
gloved  right  hand. 

"  He    was    borne    upon    the    shoulders    of    his- 

barons  from  his  castle  on  the  rock  of  Chinon,  to 

he  abbey  church  of  Fontevraud  ;    there  he  lay  in 

state  while  the  sisters  knelt  by  night  and  dayr 

murmuring  their  prayers  and  psalms  around  the 

jr." 

The  friends  of  Henry  had  not  waited  for 
any  instructions  from  his  heir,  but  William 
:he  Marshal  sent  to  apprise  Richard  of  his- 
father's  death,  and  delayed  the  burial  to 
give  him  an  opportunity  of  attending  it 
I  he  chose  to  do  so.  He  came  alone,  and 

'  went  straight  to  the  church  and  into  the  choir- 
where  the  body  lay.  For  awhile  he  stood  motion  - 

ess  before  the  bier,  then  he  stepped  to  the  head,, 
and  looked  down  at-  the  uncovered  face.  It 
seemed  to  meet  his  gaze  with  all  its  wonted  stern- 
ness ;  but  there  were  some  who  thought  they  saw 
a  yet  more  fearful  sight — a  stream  of  blood  which 
flowed  from  the  nostrils,  and  ceased  only  on  the- 
departure  of  the  son,  who  was  thus  proclaimed' 
as  his  father's  murderer." 

On  the  morrow  Henry  Fit  z -Empress 
was  laid  in  the  grave  before  the  high  altar  by 
Archbishop  Bartholomew  of  Tours,  assisted 
by  Archbishop  Fulmar  of  Trier.  Before 
ten  years  had  passed  another  Angevin 
king  was  ' '  shrouded  among  the  shrouded 
women.' l  On  the  6th  of  April,  1199, 
Richard  died  from  the  wound  he  had  received 
at  Chalus,  and,  "  in  the  robes  which  he  had 
worn  on  his  last  crowning  day  in  England 
five  years  before,'*  was  laid  to  sleep  at 
Fontevrault.  In  accordance  with  his  desire, 

"  his  heart  was  enclosed  in  a  gold  and  silver- 
casket,  carried  to  Rouen,  and  solemnly  deposited 
by  the  clergy  among  the  holy  relics  in  their- 
cathedral  church  ;  and  men  saw  in  its  unusual  size 
a  fit  token  of  the  mighty  spirit  of  him  whom 
Normandy  never  ceased  to  venerate  as  Richard 
Coeur  de  Lion." 

Queen  Eleanor  survived  her  son  Richard 
only  five  years.  She  died  on  the  1st  of 
April,  1204,  and  was  placed  beside  her  hus- 
band at  Fontevrault. 

Berengaria,  Queen  of  Richard  I.,  does  not 
rest  at  Fontevrault.  Knight  in  his  '  History,' 
vol.  i.  p.  309,  gives  an  illustration  of  an  effigy 
with  the  words  underneath,  "  Berengaria, 
Queen  of  Richard  I.,  from  the  tomb  at 
Fontevrault."  I  wrote  to  Miss  Norgate 
about  this,  and  she  kindly  supplies  the  follow- 
ing particulars.  Berengaria  was  buried  in 
the  church  of  a  Cistercian  Abbey  which  she 
had  founded  at  a  place  in  Maine  called 
L'Espau.  In  1672  her  tomb  wras  restored, 
and  "  translated  "  from  its  original  place  to 
a  more  honourable  one  near  the  east  end 
of  the  church,  and  an  inscription  was  placed 
on  it  commemorating  this  fact.  Among 


224 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  17, 1910. 


-the  ruins  of  the  abbey  Stothard  found  the 
tomb  with  its  effigy,  but  not  the  inscription  ; 
this  was,  however,  safe  in  the  possession 
of  a  canon  of  Le  Mans  Cathedral.  Thus 
far  Agnes  Strickland's  '  Queens  of  England,' 
i.  326-7,  with  a  summary  of  Stothard' s 
.description  of  the  effigy. 

In  Stothard' s  handsome  quarto  are  to  be 
found  full  descriptions  of  the  Angevin  tombs, 
.and  in  addition  to  illustrations  in  the  letter- 
press, a  coloured  plate  is  given  of  the  four 
•effigies.  Stothard  states  that,  "  considering 
their  age  and  the  vicissitudes  they  have 
undergone,  they  are  in  excellent  preserva- 
tion ;  they  have  all  been  painted  and  gilt 
three  or  four  times."  Stothard  also  gives  an 
iillustration  with  description  of  Berengaria's 
tomb  in  the  Abbey  of  L'Espau.  The  time 
of  her  death  is  uncertain;  she  was  "cele- 
brated for  her  eloquence  and  beauty." 
It  is  strange  that  Stothard's  most  interesting 
work  has  not  before  this  passed  into  a  cheap 
-edition. 

After  Stothard's  time  the  effigy  was  re- 
.moved   to    Le   Mans,    and   the   tomb    once 
more  set  up   in  the  Cathedral  there.      ' '  I 
-do  not  know,"  says  Miss  Norgate, 
'  the  date  of  this  last  transaction  ;  I  only  know  it 
was  previous  to  1877,  when  I  visited  Le  Mans  and 
saw  the  tomb  in  the  Cathedral.     Miss  Strickland, 
(following  Stothard,  calls  the  abbey  Espan,  and  so 
it  is  called  in  the  *  D.N.B.'  under  Berengaria  ;  but 
its  proper  name  is  L'Espau." 
.Miss    Norgate    saw    Fontevrault    the    same 
year  as   Le   Mans  :    *'  One  had   to  peep  at 
,the  tombs  through  a  grating,  but  even  that 
,peep  was  most  impressive." 

The  Sphere  of  the  3rd  inst.  contains 
beautiful  illustrations  of  the  tombs  at 
'.  Fontevrault,  as  also  does  IS  Illustration  of 
the  20th  of  August,  the  latter  with  an  article 
by  M.  Jean  Bayet. 

Fontevrault  Abbey  has  found  frequent 
mention  in  the  pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.1  HER- 
MENTRTJDE  asked  for  a  list  of  its  abbesses 
on  the  24th  of  September,  1864 ;  and 
•CHABLES  BOUTELL  on  the  17th  of  November, 

1866,  inquired    if    it    were    true    that    the 
-effigies   at    Fontevrault    were    about    to   be 

presented  by  the  Emperor  Napoleon  to 
England,  and  suggested  that  if  so  they  should 
be  placed  in  the  restored  Chapter -House 
.at  Westminster.  On  the  30th  of  March, 

1867,  an  editorial  note  stated  that    it  was 
.announced  in  the  House  of  Commons  on  the 

7th  of  that  month  by  Lord  Stanley  "  that 
the  present  French  Emperor,  with  that 
-courtesy  which  he  has  invariably  shown 
where  this  country  is  concerned,  wrote  a 
letter  to  the  Queen  offering  these  statues  of 
the  Plantagenets  to  England." 


Mr.  E.  J.  Husey,  the  Receiver  and 
Manager  of  the  Crystal  Palace,  courteously 
informs  me  that  inside  the  Palace,  on  the 
right-hand  side  of  the  entrance  from  the  High 
Level  Station,  are  the  following  coloured 
plaster  casts  of  Plantagenet  effigies  : — 

King  John,  from  Worcester  Cathedral. 

Berengaria,  Queen  of  Richard  I.,  Abbey  of 
L'Espau. 

Eleanora,  Queen  of  Henry  II.,  Fontevrault. 

Richard  I.,  Fontevrault. 

Isabel  d'Angouleme,  second  Queen  of 
King  John,  Fontevrault. 

Henry  II.,  Fontevrault. 

Mr.  Husey  believes  there  is  another,  but 
it  is  covered  over  with  woodwork  to  protect 
it  from  an  erection  put  up  for  the  Festival  of 
Empire.  It  is  near  the  north-east  exit  to 
the  North  Tower  Gardens  from  the  Palace. 

The  noblest  part  of  the  Angevins'  mission, 
Miss  Norgate  says  in  closing  her  history, 
' '  was  something  of  which  they  themselves 
can  never  be  fully  conscious ;  and  yet 
perhaps  through  that  very  unconsciousness 
they  had  fulfilled  it  more  thoroughly — 
'  the  silent  growth  and  elevation  of  the 
English  people.'  J 

JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 


GLADSTONE  AT  WILMSLOW. — Many  con- 
flicting statements  as  to  Gladstone's  sojourn 
at  Wilmslow  Rectory  have  appeared  in  the 
different  biographies  of  him,  and  as  I  am 
now  enabled,  by  the  kindness  of  Miss  Helen 
Gladstone,  to  give  the  correct  period  of  his 
residence  there,  will  you  allow  me  to  put 
matters  right  once  and  for  all,  for  the  benefit 
of  future  historians  ? 

First  of  all,  let  me  state  that,  basing  my 
conclusions  on  the  erroneous  assertions  of 
gome  of  these  biographies,  I  myself  was 
led  into  error,  and  stated  in  a  work  of 
mine  published  in  1892  that  a  great-uncle 
(the  Rev.  Thomas  Garratt)  was  formerly 
Gladstone's  private  tutor.*  This,  I  frankly 
admit,  was  incorrect,  but  I  was  led  into  the 
mistake  in  the  first  instance  by  Gladstone 
himself,  and  as  corroborative  evidence  was 
amply  forthcoming,  I  had,  at  the  time, 
no  hesitation  in  making  it.  I  quote  some 
of  the  misstatements  to  which  I  allude, 
and  it  will  be  observed  that  they  all  vary 
in  some  salient  feature  : — 

"  Gladstone  left  Eton  at  Christmas,  1827,  and 
read  for  six  months  with  a  private  tutor,  Mr. 
Turner,  afterwards  Bishop  Turner  of  Calcutta 
In  October,  1828,  he  took  up  residence  at  Chi 
Church,  of  which  he  was  nominated  a  Student 
in  1829." — H.  W.  Paul,  1901. 


*  See  8  S.  iv.  48,  91,  171,  254  (1893). 


n  s.  ii.  SEPT.  17, 1910.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


225- 


"  In  January,   1828,  Gladstone  went  to  reside 
with  Dr.   Turner  at  Wilmslow  in   Cheshire,   and 
remained   there   until   Turner  was  made   Bishop 
I   of  Calcutta." — Viscount  Morley,  1908. 

"  On  January   13th,   1828,    '  Gulielmus  Ewart 

i    Gladstone  '    was    admitted    as    a    commoner    of 

!    Christ    Church ....  For    some    months,    however, 

after  leaving  Eton,  he  resided  and  read  at  the 

i    Cheshire  rectory  of  Wilmslow  with  Dr.  Turner, 

I   himself  a  Christ  Church  man  ;    but  in  October, 

1828,    he    went    up,    and    then    commenced    the 

University  career." — Sir  Wemyss  Reid,  1899. 

"  He  continued  his  studies  for  about  two  years 
as  a  private  pupil  of  Dr.  Turner." — Emerson,  1878. 

Here  I  may  say  that  the  Rev.  James 
Matthias  Turner  was  installed  Bishop  of 
Calcutta  on  17  March,  1829,  and  that  Glad- 
stone was  only  at  Wilmslow  from  24  January, 
1828,  to  11  April,  1828.  In  a  recent  letter  to 
me  Miss  Gladstone  writes  : — 

"  I  visited  the  muniment  room  this  afternoon 
and  looked  up  the  point.  The  matter  is  perfectly 
clear  from  the  Diary,  but  it  is  not  in  accordance 
with  what  you  quote  from  the  biographies  of  Mr. 
Gladstone.  Mr.  Gladstone  left  Eton  December, 

1827  ;     matriculated    at    Oxford    January   23rd, 

1828  ;    arrived  at  Wilmslow  January  24th,  1828 ; 
left    Wilmslow    April     llth,   1828.       To  Oxford 
for  three  nights  August  4th,  1828.    To  Cuddesdon, 
where  with  other  men  he  read  with  Mr.  Sanders, 
afterwards  Dean  of  Peterborough,  August  7th  to 
October,  1828 ;  began  residence  at  Oxford  Octo- 
ber 10th,  1828." 

CHAS.  F.  FOESHAW,  LL.D., 
Editor  Yorkshire  Notes  and  Queries. 
.   Baltimore  House,  Bradford. 

HARP  ALLEY. — A  recent  fire  in  what  is 
now  known  as  Harp  Alley  calls  attention 
to  the  survival  of  an  interesting  old  City 
thoroughfare.  It  is  to-day  a  narrow,  dark 
passage  between  Farringdon  Street  and 
St.  Bride  Street,  ascending  to  the  latter  by 
a  few  broad  steps.  With  the  exception 
of  some  premises  on  the  north  side,  which 
may  date  from  1820  or  a  little  earlier,  there 
is  nothing  of  antiquarian  interest  to  be 
seen.  Originally  it  extended  almost  double 
the  distance  westward  to  meet  the  extremity 
of  Black  Horse  Court,  that  ran  north  from 
the  site  of  109,  Fleet  Street. 

The  traditions  of  Harp  Alley  are  largely 
connected  with  sign-painting.  It  was  the 
market-place  and  principal  source  of  the 
signs  that  adorned  London  before  1787, 
and  many  artists  of  merit  found  that  its 
requirements  provided  a  useful  source  of 
income.  Samuel  Wale,  R.A.,  was,  according 
to  Edwards  ('  Anecdotes  of  Painting,'  p.  117), 
one  of  the  superior  professors  of  the  art, 
"  but  among  the  most  celebrated  practi- 
tioners in  this  branch  was  a  person  of  the 
name  of  Lamb."  Larwood  and  Hotten 
('History  of  Signboards')  do  not  recognize 


the  importance  of  Harp  Alley  ;  but  W.  H.- 
Pyne  ('The  Twenty-Ninth  of  May,'  by 
"  Ephraim  Hardcastle  ")  gave  it  some 
immortality  in  the  chapter  entitled  '  Strange 
Doings  in  Harp  Alley,'  in  which  he  describes 
the  painting-loft  of  Matt.  Barlowe,  where 
"twenty-five  painters  and  apprentices  are 
manufacturing  King's  Arms  and  King's- 
Heads  to  be  sent  to  all  parts  of  England, 
planting  loyalty  all  over  the  Kingdom,  and 
making  the  face  royal  in  every  village  as 
common  as  crab -apples." 

Many  advertisements  of  the  later  sign- 
painters  no  doubt  exist,  but  nearest  to  this 
locality  is  the  following  from  The  Gloucester 
Journal,  27  February,  1747  : — 

"  Beady-made  SignsrCarv'd  Bacchus's,  Bunches 
of  Grapes,  turn'd  Tobacco-Bolls,  Sugar-Loaves^ 
and  other  things  useful  in  those  kinds ;  Window 
Blinds  and  House -Paint  ing  of  all  sorts,  as  cheap 
as  in  any  part  of  London  ;  perform'd  by  George 
Crompton  at  the  St.  Luke's  Head,  Snow  Hill,. 
London." 

ALECK  ABBAHAMS. 

"  SMOUCH,"  A  TERM  FOB  A  JEW.  — This 
word  occurs  in  '  The  Ingoldsby  Legends ' 
('  Merchant  of  Venice  ')  : — 

Vhile  I,  like  de  resht  of  ma  tribe,  shrug  and  crouch ,. 
You  find  fault  mit  ma  pargains,  and  say  I'm  a 

Smouch. 

In  some  lines  addressed  by  Southey  to  A, 
Cunningham  I  find 

Under  the  graver's  hand  Sir  Smug  became 

Sir  Smouch,  a  son  of  Abraham. 

Halliwell's  dictionary  has  succinctly  : 
"  Smous,  a  Jew.     Suffolk." 

How  is  "Smouch"  or  "  Smous  '•*  to  be 
explained  ?  It  is  a  word  of  Yiddish  origin, 
being  identical  with  Schmus,  occurring  in 
German  dictionaries  as  in  common  use  in 
the  sense  of  "  talk,  bargaining,  haggling, 
chaffer."  Hence  the  verb  schmusen,  "to- 
talk,  chaffer,  haggle."  The  Suffolk  word 
"Smous"  is  evidently  due  to  the  German. 
Schmus,  and  applied  to  the  Jew  from  his. 
well-known  skill  in  bargaining.  The  per- 
sonal use  of  the  term  seems  to  be  unknown 
in  Germany.  Ger.  Schmus  is  the  Yiddish 
form  of  the  Biblical  Hebrew  shemu'oth 
("  tidings,"  Daniel  xi.  44),  pi.  of  shemu'dh 
("report,"  Isaiah  liii.  1).  See  MB.  PLATT'S, 
note  on  "  Smous  "  (9  S.  vi.  493). 

A.  L.  MAYHEW. 

21,  Norham  Boad,  Oxford. 

WEST  INDIAN  FOLK-LOBE. — Speaking  of 
the  West  Indies,  the  Report  of  the  S.P.G. 
for  1910  ingenuously  remarks,  "  Super- 
stitions have  not  yet  completely  died  out 
amongst  the  people,  but  traces  of  them  still 
linger  in  the  more  hidden  parts  of  the  islands,'' 


226 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES,      [n  s.  n.  SEPT.  17,  reio. 


.a  condition  which  might  be  truthfully  pre- 
dicated of  isles  that  are  nearer  home.  Illus- 
trative instances  are  cited  in  curious  syntax  : 
"  A  girl  because  of  a  rival  of  her  own  sex,  in  the 
•case  of  a  man  paying  his  affection  to  the  latter,  was 
told  by  her  mother  to  gather  up  the  '  track  ' 
of  her  feet — i.e.,  by  taking  up  the  sand  on  which 
.she  had  walked  and  putting  this  in  a  cloth  to  place 
it  over  the  fire,  when  by  burning  the  rival  will 
in  turn  shrivel  up,  and  so  meet  her  death.  In 
another  case  a  man  told  another  that  if  he 
wanted  to  ensure  his  boat  winning  in  a  sailing  race 
he  must  carry  in  it  some  human  bones  covered 
with  earth." — P.  245. 

The  "  tracks  n  were  probably  those  of  the 
"  rival  of  her  own  sex,"  not  of  the  girl  or  of 
the  mother. 

Among  the  people  condemned  in  the 
'  Poenitentiale ?  of  Bartholomew  Iscanus, 
Bishop  of  Exeter  1161-86,  is 
"  whosoever  shall  spy  out  the  footsteps  of 
•Christian  folk,  believing  that  they  may  be 
bewitched  by  cutting  away  the  turf  whereon 
they  have  trodden." 

See  '  A  Medieval  Garner,'  by  G.  G.  Coulton, 
M.A.  (p.  116).  ST.  SWITHIN. 

JOHN  WESLEY'S  MARRIAGE. — The  con- 
temporary newspaper  records  of  John 
Wesley's  marriage  are  singularly  interesting 
reading  now.  In  The  Penny  London  Post ; 
or,  the  Morning  Advertiser,  for  20-22  Feb- 
ruary, 1750/51,  it  was  said  : — 

"  A  few  Days  since  the  Rev.  Mr.  John  Wesley 
-was  married  to  Mrs.  Vazel,  of  Threadneedle- 
.Street,  an  agreeable  Widow  Lady,  with  a  large 
Fortune." 

More  detailed  was  the  account  in  Read's 
Weekly  Journal ;  or,  British  Gazetteer,  of 
the  next  day,  23  February  : — 

"  On  Monday  last  the  Rev.  Mr.  John  Wesley, 
Methodist  Preacher,  was  married  by  his  Brother, 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Charles  Wesley,  to  Mrs.  Vazel,  in 
Threadneedle-Street,  a  Widow  Gentlewoman  of 
Great  Beauty,  Merit,  and  every  Endowment  neces- 
sary to  render  the  Marriage  State  happy,  with  a 
Jointure  of  300Z.  per  Annum." 

It  may  be  added  that  on  another  page  of 
the  same  issue  was  this  paragraph  : — 

"  The  Rev.  Mr.  Westly  has  contracted  for  a 
large  Piece  of  Ground  in  Barbican,  thereon  to 
erect  a  Tabernacle." 

Did  this  refer  in  any  way  to  the  plot  upon 
which  now  stands  what  is  known  as  Wesley's 
Chapel  in  the  City  Road  ? 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

BOASE'S  '  MODERN  ENGLISH  BIOGRAPHY  z : 
•WILLIAM  ROUPELL. — This  painstaking  and 
useful  book  will  be  more  and  more  con- 
sulted as  time  goes  on.  Therefore  the  follow- 
ing memorandum  should  be  noted.  The 
work  is  expressly  limited  to  "persons  who 


have  died  since  the  year  1850,"  and  in  vol.  iii., 
dated  1901,  appears  William  Roupell,  col. 
316.  But  he  did  not  die  until  25  March, 
1909.  W.  C.  B. 

'  ARDEN  OF  FEVERSHAM.'  —  The  quarto 
reading  in  III.  v.  17, 

Each  gentle  stary  gaile  doth  shake  my  bed, 
is  generally  regarded  as  corrupt.     I  do  not 
know  whether  the  following  simple  emenda- 
tion has  ever  been  proposed  : — 

Each  gentlest  airy  gale  doth  shake  my  bed. 

Each  gentlest  -'-  is  not  un-Elizabethan,  and 
whether  the  i  in  "  gaile  "  is  a  compositor's 
misplacement  of  the  i  in  "  airy,'*  or  not, 
would  not  much  matter.  A  loose  ortho- 
graphy might  spell  "airyn  as  "aryn;  and 
the  golden  age  of  our  literature  seems  to 
have  held  no  bigoted  views  on  the  subject 
of  spelling.  A  few  lines  lower  in  the  same 
scene  "  ear  the  ground  "  is  spelt  "  erre  the 
ground." 

"  Gale  "  does  not  necessarily  imply  violent 
wind.  Gray  has 

Gales  from  blooming  Eden  bear, 
and  in  the  present  passage  it  just  means 
a  zephyr.  "Airy"  would  emphasize  the 
gentleness  of  the  gale  which  disturbs  one 
"whose  troubled  minde  is  stuft  with  dis- 
content. n  P.  A.  McELWAINE. 

[The  emendation  is  not  noted  in  'The  Shake- 
speare Apocrypha'  of  Mr.  Tucker  Brooke,  1908.] 

MARRIAGE  IN  LINCOLN'S  INN  CHAPEL. — It 
is  worthy  of  note  that  the  recent  marriage  of 
the  daughter  of  Mr.  Justice  and  Lady  Eve 
with  an  officer  of  the  German  Emperor's 
Bodyguard  is  the  first  marriage  solemnized 
in  Lincoln's  Inn  Chapel  since  1754.  The 
Chapel  register  commences  in  1695,  but 
contains  very  few  entries. 

FREDERICK  T.  HIBGAME. 

WADE  AND  GAINSBOROUGH. — On  18  July, 
1903,  a  whole-length  portrait  of  Capt. 
Wade,  Master  of  the  Ceremonies  at  Bath, 
1769-77,  was  offered  at  Christie's  (lot 
14lA).  Some  information  respecting  this 
person  was  published  in  '  N.  &  Q-'  on 
27  January  and  17  March,  1906  (10  S.  v.  75, 
215). 

In  turning  over  some  old  numbers  of  The 
Morning  Post  I  find  in  the  issue  of  8  May, 
1781,  an  advertisement  in  respect  to  the 
famous  Promenades  at  Carlisle  House  at  that 
period.  The  M.C.  of  these  was  Mr.  Wade  of 
21,  Edward  Street,  Portman  Square.  This 
was  probably  the  same  person. 

W.  ROBERTS. 


ii  B.  ii.  SEPT.  17,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


227 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

HILLMAN  FAMILY  IN  IRELAND  AND  ENG- 
LAND.— I  should  be  greatly  obliged  for  any 
;  information  which  would  help  to  trace  the 
i  ancestry  of  this  family  in  England.  In 
1610  the  first  settlers  arrived  in  Coleraine 
to  commence  the  work  designed  by  James  I. 
for  the  plantation  of  Ulster.  In  1612  the 
name  of  James  Hillman  appears  as  one  of 
the  original  burgesses.  In  the  second  charter, 
granted  in  1613,  Thomas  Hillman  was  one 
'of  the  aldermen.  What  relationship  existed 
between  James  and  Thomas  it?  is  impossible 
to  say,  as  no  further  record  is  found  of  James. 

Thomas  Hillman  was  still  alderman  at 
the  time  of  his  death  in  1626,  and  left  issue, 
by  his  wife  Margery  Cragge.  two  sons  and 
one  daughter,  viz.,  Symon  and  Thomas 
Hillman,  and  Alice,  wife  of  Richard  Barwick. 
JJoth  sons  (Symon  was  also  an  alderman) 
took  a  very  active  part  in  the  defence  of 
Coleraine  at  the  famous  siege  of  1641, 
raising,  arming,  and  paying  one  company 
of  foot,  consisting  of  a  hundred  men,  for  the 
defence  of  the  town. 

Margery  Cragge,  the  wife  of  Thomas 
Hillman,  had  a  brother  John  Cragge,  and 
I  believe  Burke  in  one  of  his  publications 
mentions  a  John  Cragge  as  having  his  arms 
confirmed  to  him  before  going  to  Ireland 
oarly  in  the  seventeenth  century.  Un- 
fortunately, I  have  not  the  exact  note  of  it 
at  present.  If  Burke  is  correct,  and  if  they 
iare  both  one  and  the  same  John  Cragge,  by 
finding  the  locality  in  England  from  which 
John  Cragge  emigrated  to  Ireland,  it  might 
be  possible  to  locate  the  Hillmans  in  Eng- 
land before  they  went  to  Ireland,  and  per- 
haps find  records  of  the  marriage  of  Thomas 
Hillman  and  the  baptism  of  his  children. 
He  must  have  been  born  about  1570,  and 
married  between  1590  and  1600.  One  of  his 
grandchildren  was  named  Hercules  (evi- 
dently a  family  name),  and  might  also 
serve  as  a  clue.  E.  HAVILAND  HILLMAN. 

3227,  Campo  S.  Samuele,  Venice. 

JoHlsr  MARSHMAN  :  ARCHIBALD  FORBES. 
— For  historical  purposes  I  should  be  glad 
to  be  put  in  communication  with  the  repre- 
sentatives of  John  Marshman  (Havelock's 
friend  and  biographer)  and  of  Archibald 
Forbes.  Please  reply  direct. 

DAVID  Ross  McCoRD*  K.C. 

Temple  Grove,  Montreal. 


ARCHIBALD  BRUCE,  FL.  1727 :  PYKE 
FAMILY. — Can  any  reader  give  me  the 
slightest  clue  to  the  identity,  ancestry,  and 
descendants,  if  any,  of  one  Archibald  Bruce 
and  his  wife,  mentioned  in  the  will  of  the 
former's  "  cousin, 'z  William  Pyke  of  Green- 
wich, poulterer,  dated  11  September •,  1727  ; 
proved  10  October,  1727  (P.C.C.  reg.  Far- 
rant,  folio  240)  ?  The  testator  refers  to 
"  cousin  Archibald  Bruce  and  his  wife." 
Was  the  latter  named  Sybilla  ?  This  Wil- 
liam Pyke  was  a  brother  of  Elliner  Pyke, 
who  married  Francis  Halley,  sen.,  in  1696. 
EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 

1,  Park  Row,  Chicago. 

LUM  :  ORIGIN  OF  THE  SURNAME. — Can 
any  of  your  readers  tell  me  the  origin  of  the 
name  Lum  ?  John  Lum  first  officially 
appears  at  Southampton,  Long  Island,  N.Y., 
in  1651.  It  is  supposed  he  came  from 
Yorkshire.  There  were  Lums  at  Barkis- 
land,  Yorkshire,  in  recent  years.  The 
name  is  thought  to  be  of  Scotch  origin. 
Quite  a  number  of  persons  of  this  name  were 
in  the  North  of  Ireland,  some  of  them 
members  of  the  Irish  Parliament. 

EDWARD  H.  LUM. 

Chatham,  New  Jersey. 

SIR  EYRE  COOTE'S  MONUMENT. — Can  any 
of  your  readers  inform  me  where  a  memorial 
was  erected  by  the  H.E.I.C.  to  the  memory 
of  Sir  Eyre  Coote,  K.H.  ?  He  died  27  April, 
1785,  aged  58,  while  Commander-in-Chief 
in  India.  T.  ARNOLD  DAVIS. 

Weston  Park  House,  Weston,  Bath. 

WELLINGTON  AND  BLUCHER  AT  WATERLOO: 
C.  S.  BENECKE. — Is  there  any  sketch-index 
to  the  fresco  in  the  Royal  Gallery  in  the 
House  of  Lords  of  Wellington  and  Bliicher 
meeting  at  Waterloo  ?  My  reason  for  asking 
is  that  I  have  an  aunt  who  was  the  third 
daughter  of  C.  S.  Benecke. 

C.  S.  Benecke  was  page  to  Prince  Bliicher, 
and  was  beside  him  at  the  battle  of  Waterloo, 
where  Benecke  received  a  bullet  in  his 
temple  :  he  recovered,  but  carried  the  scar 
to  his  grave.  He  could  speak  seven  lan- 
guages, and  became  secretary  to  Sir  Charles 
Vaughan  whilst  Ambassador  at  Copenhagen. 
He  came  to  England  in  the  entourage  of  the 
Duke  of  Saxe-Meiningen,  and  was  eventually 
Queen's  Messenger  to  Queen  Adelaide.  He 
was  given  Upper  Lodge,  Bushey  Park,  to 
live  in,  where  he  died  in  1868,  aged  83. 

It  has  always  been  a  tradition  that  the 
man    in    semi-civilian    dress    riding    behind 
Bliicher  was  Benecke.     Is  this  the  case  ? 
WILLIAM  BULL. 

Vencourt,  King  Street,  Hammersmith. 


228 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tii  s.  n.  SEPT.  17, 1910. 


'  LE  PROSCRIT.' — A  newspaper  bearing  this 
title  was  published  in  London  in  July,  1850. 
It  was  the  organ  of  the  French  refugees  of 
the  time,  and  in  the  second  number,  pub- 
lished in  August,  Mazzini  issued  the  pro- 
gramme of  an  International  Revolutionary 
Committee.  Can  your  readers  refer  me 
to  any  work  containing  a  detailed  account 
of  the  literary  activity  of,  and  the  economical 
and  political  dissensions  among,  the  refugees 
in  London,  Brussels,  and  Geneva  ?  Le 
Proscrit,  I  believe,  subsequently  appeared 
as  La  Voix  du  Peuple  or  Le  Peuple,  and, 
though  forbidden  in  France,  was  smuggled 
across  the  frontier  and  read  by  large  numbers 
of  French  working-men.  I  would  thankfully 
acknowledge  any  suggestions. 

LIONEL  G.  ROBINSON. 

Reform  Club,  Pall  Mall,  S.  W. 

"  FERN  TO  MAKE  MALT." — In  Mr.  W.  M. 
Myddelton's  'Chirk  Castle  Accounts  (1908) 
there  is  under  the  year  1619  the  following 
entry  :  ' '  Paid  for  threshing  and  gettin  fern 
to  make  malt  "  (p.  13). 

Can  any  one  tell  us  for  what  purpose 
fern  was  thus  used  ?  We  never  heard  of 
fern  being  employed  as  a  concomitant  of 
malt  on  any  other  occasion.  N.  M.  &  A. 

DE  QUINCEY  AND  COLERIDGE. — Samuel 
Taylor  Coleridge,  writing  to  Daniel  Stuart 
in  May,  1809,  and  referring  to  De  Quincey's 
connexion  with  Wordsworth's  tract  on  '  The 
Convention  of  Cintra,'  says  : — 

"After  the  instances  I  saw  of  Mr.  de  Q.'s 
marvellous  slowness  in  writing  a  note  to  a 
pamphlet,  when  at  Grasmere,  the  sum  and  meaning 
of  which  I  had  dictated  in  better  and  more  orderly 

sentences  in  five  minutes I  can  never  retract  my 

expression  of  vexation  and  surprise,  that  W.  should 
have  entrusted  anything  to  him,  beyond  the  mere 
correction  of  Proofs." 

What  can  this  pamphlet  have  been  ?  No 
literary  work  of  De  Quincey  is  at  present 
known  between  his  boyish  contribution  to 
the  '  Juvenile  Library  '  and  his  additions  to 
Wordsworth's  pamphlet. 

WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 

WHYTEHEER  OR  WHYTEBEER. — Is  there 
any  explanation  to  be  obtained  of  this  sign, 
mentioned  in  1529  in  the  will  of  Richard 
Charleton,  knight  ? 

J.  HOLDEN  MACMlCHAEL. 

'  THE  JUDGMENT  OF  GOD  '  :  WOMAN 
THROWING  HER  CHILDREN  TO  WOLVES. — 
There  is  a  Russian  legend  which  tells  how 
a  woman,  travelling  in  a  sledge  with  her 
three  children,  is  pursued  by  wolves.  They 
gain  on  her,  and  to  save  herself,  she  throws 


out  one  child,  and  afterwards  the  others  in 
succession.  She  reaches  a  town  in  safety, 
but  the  people  tear  her  to  pieces.  It  is  the 
subject  of  Browning's  poem  of  '  Ivan  Ivan- 
ovitch  ?  in  his  '  Dramatic  Idyls,'  First  Series. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  when  the 
story  first  appeared  in  English  ? 

R.  A.  POTTS. 

'  AGATHONIA,'  A  ROMANCE. — This  was- 
published  anonymously  by  Edward  Moxon 
in  1844.  Is  anything  definite  known  as  to  the 
name  of  the  author  ?  The  British  Museum 
Catalogue  attributes  it  to  Mrs.  Gore. 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 
iHalkett  and  Laing  also  attribute  it  to  Mrs.  Gore,] 

PRINKNASH. — The  Gloucestershire  place- 
name  so  spelt  is  locally  pronounced  to  rime 
with  "  spinach."  As  I  have  not  access  at 
present  to  records  giving  any  older  spelling, 
1  should  be  glad  if  any  of  your  readers 
could  throw  light  on  the  origin  of  the  name. 

G.  M.  T. 

MICHAEL  WRIGHT,  PAINTER,  1660-1700.— 
Did  this  painter  ever  sign  his  name  m  r.  ? 
An  excellent  picture  of  Lionel  Fanshawe 
(secretary  to  Sir  Richard  Fanshawe  during 
his  embassy  in  Spain  in  1664-6)  bears  these 
letters  on  a  cartel  with  the  secretary's 
address.  They  are  quite  distinct.  The 
painting  of  the  picture  closely  resembles  that 
of  Thos.  Chiffinch  in  the  National  Portrait 
Gallery  by  Wright.  H.  C.  FANSHAWE. 

Lansdowne,  Sidmouth. 

GREEK  HISTORY  WITH  ILLUSTRATIONS.— 
I  have  in  my  possession  a  book  with  drawings 
illustrative  of  Greek  history.  The  title-page 
is  lost,  but  on  the  binding  I  find  '  Cento 
Quadri  de  la  Storia  Greca.  Ital.  Franc.  Grec.* 
The  drawings  have  explanations  in  Italian 
and  Greek,  and  are  accompanied  by  texts 
in  Italian,  French,  and  Greek.  I  bought 
the  book  in  England  at  a  sale  in  the  Lake 
district.  I  should  much  like  to  know  the  full 
title  of  the  book  and  the  name  of  its  author. 

G.  B.  R. 

HEZEKIAH  AND  TIMOTHY  SWIFT. — Heze- 
kiah  Swift  was  born,  1776-8,  at  Englif 
Bicknor  or  Coleford,  and  married  Mary 
Dukes  at  Newland  in  1805,  dying  at  Mon- 
mouth  on  10  May,  1835.  He  was  the  son  ot 
Timothy  Swift  and  Ann  Williams. 

Wanted,  the  name  and  other  particulars  or 
Timothy's  Swift's  father,  to  connect  back  wit] 
the  seventeenth-century  Swifts  of  GoodncJ 
which    is    only   a   few   miles   from    Enghs 
Bicknor. 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  17,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


229 


MATTHEW  ARNOLD  ON  NINETEENTH-CEN- 
TURY ELOQUENCE.  —  In  his  address  on  Milton 
in  the  Second  Series  of  '  Essays  in  Criticism,1 
Matthew  Arnold  has  a  reference  which  I 
should  be  glad  to  have  explained.  Who 
was  the  orator  or  writer  referred  to  in  this 
sentence  ? 

"  The  most  eloquent  voice  of  our  century  uttered, 
shortly  before  leaving  the  world,  a  warning  cry 
against  the  Anglo-Saxon  contagion." 

W.  B. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED.  — 
I  am  anxious  to  know  who  was  the  author  of 
"  Beatitude  non  est  divinorum  cognitio, 
sed  vita  divina."  John  Rushworth  quotes 
it  from  Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  preface  to  his 
'  History  of  the  World,1  we  are  told,  but  it 
is  not  probable  that  Raleigh  was  its  author. 

L.  S.  M. 

Could  any  of  your  correspondents  help  me 
to  find  a  quotation  embodying  some  lines 
referring  to  "witches  meeting  on  Saturday 
night  "  ?  A.  REGINALD  PRYCE. 

JOHN  PEEL  OF  TROUTBECK.  —  Can  any 
reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  give  me  information 
about  John  Peel  of  Troutbeck  ?  There  was 
a  paragraph  on  the  subject  in  The  West- 
minster Gazette  about  March,  stating  that  the 
second  line  of  the  song  should  run  "  In  his 
coat  so  gray."  I  should  be  grateful  for  any 
information  on  the  subject. 

F.  D.  WESLEY. 
[John  Peel  is  included  in  the  *  D,N.B.'] 

"  GAME  LEG."  —  Whence  this  expression  ? 
Why  "  game  "  instead  of  "  lame  "  ?  Borrow 
says  (Knapp's  '  Life,'  vol.  ii.  p.  112)  :  — 

"  I  overtook  a  man  with  a  game  leg,  that  is,  a  leg 
which,  either  by  nature  or  accident,  not  being  so 
long  as  its  brother  leg,  had  a  patten  attached  to  it, 
about  five  inches  high,  to  enable  it  to  do  duty  with 
the  other." 

This,  however,  hardly  explains  the  pecu- 
liarity of  the  term.  Has  "  game  "  anything 
to  do  with  either  courage  or  sport  ? 

J.  B.  McGovERN. 
St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

[The  N.E.D.'  says  :  "  Etymology  uncertain.  App- 
idapted  from  north  midland  dialects,  where  it  has 
ihe  form  yam,  homophonous  with  the  local  pron. 
of  game,  sb.  ;  perh.  shortened  from  the  synonymous 
gammy."  The  suggestion  that  the  word  is  adopted 
trom  the  Welsh  cam  (fern.  gam)t  crooked,  is 
rejected.] 

"  Quiz."  —  Is  there  any  earlier  record  of  the 
ise  of  this   word   than   that   given   in   the 
Oxford    Dictionary  *  ?     In    this    Madame 
)'Arblay  is  quoted  as  writing  on  24  June, 
1782  :    "  He's  a  droll  quiz,  and  I  rather  like 


m. 


LEWIN  HILL. 


KENNETT  AND  HOWE  FAMILIES. — In  the 
rolls  of  the  Manor  of  Beachampstead  in  the 
parish  of  Great  Staughton,  Hunts,  the  name 
of  John  Howe  occurs  as  lord  of  that  manor 
in  1718.  Three  years  later  it  is  the  property 
of  "Sophia  Howe,  infant.'1  Dr.  White 
Kennett,  Bishop  of  Peterborough,  writing 
under  date  of  6  April,  1718,  says  : — 

"I  have  been  drawn  into  a  great  many  hard 
labours  and  great  hazards  in  advising  and  assisting 
my  son  Howe  to  part  with  his  commission  in  a 
marching  regiment,  and  to  purchase  a  company  under 
the  title  of  Colonel,  at  3,UOO/.  advance,  in  the  Guards, 
to  please  our  wives,  who  will  now  live  the  next  door 
to  one  another.  I  was  down  with  him  at  his  house 
in  Stoughton  [sic]  for  about  three  weeks  to  catalogue 
and  pack  up  his  library  toward  some  reimburse- 
ment, I  doubt  not  about  5QW."— Bp.  White  Kennett's 
letters  quoted  in  '  Restituta,'  vol.  iv.  pp.  73-9. 

I  wish  to  know  the  name  of  the  daughter 
of  Bishop  Kennett  whom  this  John  Howe 
married.  Their  child  Sophia  was  married 
at  St.  Paul's,  16  October,  1740,  to  Christo- 
pher Walter,  Esq.  She  died  1  February, 
1750.  The  manor  then  passed  to  her 
husband,  who  seems  to  have  taken  Holy 
Orders  at  some  date  between  1741  and  1752, 
when  he  died.  He  was  elder  brother  of  the 
Rev.  Richard  Walter,  my  ancestor,  chaplain 
of  the  Centurion  in  Anson's  expedition,  and 
author  of  the  '  Voyage  round  the  World.' 

In  my  possession  is  a  book  by  "  B.  Kennett, 
Fellow  of  Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxon," 
with  an  inscription  stating  that  it  belongs 
to  D.  Kennett,  the  gift  of  her  brother,  "  Mr. 
B.  K.,"  with  the  note :  "  This  book  belongs 
to  ye  Catalogue  at  Stoughton.'1 

E.  L.  H.  TEW. 
Upham  Rectory,  Southampton. 

SAILOR'S  SONG  :  DANIEL  AND  THE  PIRATE. 
— I  should  be  glad  to  learn  something  of  a 
sailor's  song  descriptive  of  a  fight  by  one 
Daniel  with  a  pirate,  whose  summons  to 
surrender  receives  a  decisive  and  not  un- 
adorned negative,  and  the  victory  of  the 
"Roving  'Lizabeth,"  which  was  Daniel's 
ship's  name.  The  end  is  : — 

So  here's  a  health  to  Daniel, 

Likewise  his  jovial  crew, 

That  fought  and  beat  the  pirate 

In  his  noble 

Either  "  twenty-two  Jl  or  "  seventy-two  "  ; 
but  it  is  many  years  since  I  heard  it  sung  by 
a  yachtsman.  W.  B.  H. 

CARLIN  SUNDAY  AND  "THE  HOLE  ss  IN 
FLEET  STREET. — A  ceremony  in  connexion 
with  this  day  is  said  to  have  been  held  at 
"The  Hole"  in  Fleet  Street.  What  was 
its  origin,  and  in  what  part  of  Fleet  Street 
was  "  The  Hole  "  situated  ?  F.  K.  P. 


530 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  SEPT.  17, 1010. 


SLAVERY  IN  SCOTLAND  IN  THE  EIGH- 
TEENTH CENTTJBY. — The  following  para- 
graph appeared  in  The  St.  James's  Chronicle  ; 
or,  British  Evening  Post,  of  29  April — 1  May, 
1788  :— 

"The  Idea  that  has  been  entertained  of  Slavery  in 
Scotland,  may  in  some  Degree,  be  known  from  the 
following  Historical  Circumstance  : — '  Alexander 
Stuart,  found  Guilty  Death,  for  Theft,  at  Perth,  the 
5th  of  December,  1701,  and  gifted  by  the  Justiciary 
as  a  perpetual  Servant  to  Sir  John  Erskine,  of 
Alva.  A  Collar  worn,  as  was  the  Custom,  by  this 
Slave,  was  lately  found  in  the  Grave  of  the  deceased, 
in  the  Burial-Ground  at  Alva.'" 

One  would  like  to  know  more  about  this. 
ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

[The  collar  of  this  criminal  formed  the  subject  of 
an  interesting  query  and  reply  at  10  S.  viii.  507 ; 
ix.  174.] 

CAPT.  ANDREW  ELTON. — 

"  Capt.  Andrew  Elton,  commander  of  the  Geoffrey 
galley,  was  killed  in  an  engagement  with  a  French 
privateer  off  the  Land's  End,  Sept.  4, 1710.  Aged  53. 
His  merit  being  sufficiently  known,  he  needs  no 
further  inscription." 

Such  is  the  gist  of  a  memorial  tablet  in  Paul 
Church.  Mr.  C.  Aitken,  in  his  admirable 
brochure  ('Paul  Church,'  Newlyn  Press, 
1910)  on  the  ancient  church  in  his  father's 
charge,  commenting  on  this  inscription,  says: 
"  Alas  !  now  nobody  seems  to  have  any 
knowledge  as  to  who  he  was,  what  he  did,  or 
where  he  came  from."'  Can  some  reader  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  give  information  concerning  the 
family  of  Capt.  Elton  and  more  details 
of  the  circumstances  leading  to  his  death  ? 
GREGORY  GRUSELIER. 

DANBY  PICKERING,  FL.  1769. — When  and 
where  was  he  born  ?  When  did  he  die,  and 
where  was  he  buried  ?  The  '  Diet.  Nat. 
Biog.,*  xlv.  241,  gives  no  assistance. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

CHARLES  POTTER,  1634-63. — I  should  be 
glad  to  know  when  in  1634  he  was  born,  and 
when  in  December,  1663,  he  died.  The 
'Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  xlvi.  213,  is  silent  on 
these  points.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

T.  Q.  M.  IN  HONE'S  '  TABLE  BOOK.'— 
Who  was  T.  Q.  M.,  a  frequent  contributor 
to  Hone's  '  Table  Book  '  ? 

F.  D.  WESLEY. 

J.  W.  IN  HONE'S  'YEAR  BOOK.'— Who 
was  the  friend  of  Hone's  who  engraved  the 
picture  of  Don,  a  pointer,  in  column  1250 
of  Hone's  'Year  Book1  (ed.  1841)?  He 
signs  his  letter  J.  W.,  and  is  said  to  have 
done  most  of  the  engravings  for  this  volume 

F.  D.  WESLEY. 


SIR    HENRY    DUDLEY. 

(11  S.  i.  87,  171  ;   ii.  117.) 

THE  identity  of  this  knight  is  not  a  little 
perplexing.  He  is  stated  to  have  been 
knighted  by  the  King  at  the  siege  of  Boulogne 
on  20  January,  36  Henry  VIII.,  i.e.  1544/5. 
But  this  must  certainly  be  inaccurate,  in- 
asmuch as  Boulogne  surrendered  to  the 
English  on  the  14th  of  the  previous  Sep- 
tember, and  King  Henry  returned  to  Eng- 
land on  the  30th  of  the  same  month.  In 
his  valuable  '  Book  of  Knights  »  Dr.  W.  A. 
Shaw  (I  think,  wisely)  relegates  the  name 
to  a  foot-note,  as  apparently  of  doubtful 
authenticity.  It  is,  however,  quite  possible 
that  a  Sir  Henry  Dudley  may  have  received 
knighthood  for  services  at  the  siege  of 
Boulogne,  but  at  some  date  after  the  King's 
return. 

This  possibility  being  assumed,  the  ques- 
tion of  the  knight's  identity  arises.  That 
he  was  neither  of  the  two  Henrys,  sons  of 
John  Dudley,  Viscount  Lisle  (afterwards 
Duke  of  Northumberland),  may  be  safely 
affirmed.  The  elder  Henry,  being  slain  at 
the  siege  on  14  September,  1544,  could 
certainly  not  be  the  man  ;  while  there  is 
abundant  evidence  that  Henry  the  younger 
was  not  a  Knight  ten  years  later.  In  the 
'  Acts  of  the  Privy  Council,'  under  date  of 
15  June,  1554,  we  have  the  following  allusion 
to  him  : — 

"  Letter  to  Thomas  Bridges,  esq.,  Lieut,  of  the 
Tower,  signifying  the  Queen's  pleasure  at  the 
humble  suit  of  the  Duchess  of  Northumberland 
that  he  shall  suffer  the  said  Duchess'  sons,  viz.,  the 
late  Earl  of  Warwick,  Sir  Ambrose,  Sir  Robert,  and 
Henry  Dudley,  to  repair  to  the  Chapel  within  the 
Tower  and  to  here  masse  at  such  tymes  as  he  shall 
think  most  fitt  for  the  purpose." 

Under  28  February,  1554/5  :— 

"  Letter  to  the  Lady  Audley  willing  her  to 
permit  her  daughter,  wief  of  Henry  Dudley,  esq., 
to  resort  to  her  husband,  whom  she  against 
reason  detayneth  from  him." 

The  wife  of  Henry  Dudley  whom  her  mother 
kept  from  visiting  her  husband  in  the 
Tower  was,  as  stated  by  MB.  A.  R.  BAYLEY 
at  11  S.  i.  172,  Margaret,  only  daughter  of 
Lord  Chancellor  Audley.  Shortly  after- 
wards the  Dudleys  were  liberated,  and 
Henry  was  killed  at  St.  Quentin,  10  August, 
1557. 

The  sons  of  the  Duke  of  Northumberland 
being  out  of  the  question,  there  remains  as 
the  possible  knight  Henry  Dudley  the  con- 


n  s.  ii.  SEPT.  17,  mo.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


231 


spirator.  And  here  the  evidence  is  most 
conflicting.  In  *  Cal.  State  Papers  of 
Henry  VIII.,'  under  date  of  S  January, 
1545/6,  is  a  long  letter  to  the  King  from  the 
Council  of  Boulogne,  in  which  occurs  the 
following  passage  : — 

"  Whereas  Mr.  Henry  Dudley  was  one  of  those 
of  the  first  rancke  that  gave  the  insett  upon  the 
enemye,  and  as  a  man  of  his  knowledge,  hart,  and 
of  good  service,  it  may  like  your  Highness  to  be 
his  good  and  gratious  Lord  ;  that  whereas  Mr. 
Poynings,  late  Capitayne  of  Your  Majeste's 
Guarde  here,  is  deceassed,  if  your  Highness  shall 
thincke  hym  able  to  succede  hym  in  that  rome." 

This  petition  of  the  Boulogne  Council  was 
successful.  Henry  Dudley  was  duly  ap- 
pointed Captain  of  the  Guard  there,  and  is 
so  styled  continuously  thenceforward.  At 
the  first  sight  it  looks  also  not  improbable 
that  with  this  appointmenf  he  received 
knighthood.  But  that  this  was  not  the 
case  is  evident  from  the  fact  that  in  the 
numerous  allusions  to  him  in  the  '  Acts  of 
the  Privy  Council  *  down  to  September, 
1550,  he  is  styled  variously  "  Henry  Dudley, 
Captain  of  the  Guard  that  came  from  Bou- 
logne," "Henry  Dudley,  Esq.,"-  and  "Mr. 
Henry  Dudley,  esq."  On  2  March,  1551, 
for  the  first  time,  there  comes  a  change  : — 

"  Letter  to  Sir  Andrew  and  Sir  Henry  Dudley 
that  the  same  Sir  Henry  should  repair  to  Calais 
with  his  100  men,  and  there  to  receive  of  the 
Treasurer  the  extraordinary  gunners  that  re- 
mayne  there,  &c." 

Again  on  11  March  of  the  same  year  we 
read  of  "  the  bands  of  Sir  Henry  Dudley." 
From  these  entries  we  should  gather  that  he 
received  knighthood  between  5  September, 
1550,  and  2  March,  1551. 

But  what  are  we  to  make  of  the  following 
entries  in  the  same  authority  ? 

"  1552,  26  March.  A  Warrant  to  Dr.  Owen* 
Receiver  General  of  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster,  to 
pay  Henry  Dudley,  Esq.,  a  month's  wages  for  a 
complete  company." 

"14  May.  Mr.  Henry  Dudley,  with  his  bande 
the  Garde  and  gunners,  appointed  for  the 
defence  of  Portsmouth." 

"  28  June.  Mr.  Dudley's  band  to  be  mustered 
as  reinforcements  for  Guisnes." 

Five  other  allusions  to  him  occur  down 
to  10  August,  1553,  in  all  of  which  he  is 
styled  "Henry  Dudley"  or  "Mr.  Dudley.'1 

With   the   accession   of   Queen   Mary   his 

'Ublic-  employment   came   to   an   end.     He 

was  the  leading  spirit  in  the  conspiracy  of 

for  deposing  the   Queen  and  placing 

izabeth  upon  the  throne.     Several  of  the 

nspirators    were     arrested,     but     Dudley 

and  others  escaped  to  France.     We  read 

5    March,    1556.     Information    of    Richard 
Uvedall   that    Henry  Dudley,    one    of    the    con- 


spirators, took  shipping  at  his  house  at  Chillinge 
in  Hants,  and  that  John  Bedell  and  Christopher 
Ashton  were  there  also." 

What  eventually  became  of  him  is  not 
known.  According  to  Froude — who  styles 
him  "  Sir  Henry "  throughout — he  was 
living  in  London  in  1564.  This  seems  to  be 
the  latest  mention  of  him.  Nor  is  his  parent- 
age and  family  clear.  Froude  calls  him 
"  Northumberland's  cousin,"  a  description 
which  for  genealogical  purposes  is  but  vague. 
That  he  may  have  been  the  third  son  of 
John  Sutton,  7th  Baron  Dudley,  and 
would  thus  answer  Froude's  description, 
is  all  that  can  be  said.  Anyhow,  the  ques- 
tion "Who  was  Sir  Henry  "Dudley  ?  "  still 
remains  to  be  satisfactorily  solved. 

W.  D.  PINK. 

Lowton,  Newton-le- Willows. 

In  reply  to  MR.  F.  A.  EDWABDS, 
I  may  say  that  my  authority  for  my  state- 
ment regarding  the  children  of  John,  Duke 
of  Northumberland,  is  Banks's  '  Dormant 
and  Extinct  Baronage.' 

With  regard  to  his  second  question,  I 
think,  if  he  looks  in  Burke's  '  Peerage  ' — 
not  the  *  Extinct l  one — he  will  find  that 
Roger,  2nd  Lord  North,  married  Winifred, 
daughter  of  Richard,  Lord.  Rich,  and  "  widow 
of  Sir  Henry  Dudley."  I  have  not,  how- 
ever, a  copy  by  me  for  reference. 

May  I  be  allowed'  to  say  here  that  I  am 
not  responsible  for  the  substitution  of 
"Audleyn  for  "Dudley"  in  my  query? 
I  wrote  Dudley  in  the  first  instance. 

The  name  of  the  Duke  of  Northumber- 
land's wife  is  correctly  spelt  Guilford. 
The  Guilfords  were  a  Kentish  family,  and 
had  no  connexion  with  the  town  of  Guild- 
ford.  EGERTON  GARDINER. 


ELEPHANT  AND  CASTLE  IN  HERALDRY 
(11  S.  i.  508  ;  ii.  36,  115). — In  the  absence 
of  many  of  the  ordinary  works  of  reference 
out  here  I  have  some  diffidence  in  expressing 
any  opinion  as  to  whether  the  "  elephant  and 
castle  "  was  an  heraldic  cognizance  of  any 
considerable  antiquity.  The  elephant  itself, 
no  doubt,  like  most  other  conspicuous  or 
well-known  animals,  has  formed  the  subject 
of  various  armorial  insignia.  Some  minor 
heraldic  writers,  in  speaking  of  it,  have  said 
that  it  is  sometimes  borne  with  a  castle  on 
its  back.  That  high  heraldic  authority 
the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Woodward  says  ('  Heraldry, 
English  and  Foreign,1  1896,  vol.  i.  p.  243) 
that  the  elephant  is  but  little  used  in 
heraldry,  and  in  British  armory  is  seldom 
found  except  as  an  allusive  charge,  or,  as 


232 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  17,  ma 


we  should,  call  it,  except  in  canting  heraldry. 
And  he  instances  the  arms  of  the  English 
family  of  Elphinstone  and  the  Counts  von 
Helphenstein  of  Suabia.  The  elephant  "  in 
its  conventional  representation "  (Argent, 
with  a  castle  on  its  back  proper)  he  speaks 
of  as  being  borne  by  the  Russian  and  Ger- 
man Barons  Le  Fort. 

It  is  in  this  conventional  representation, 
then,  that  it  would  seem  to  form  the  badge 
of  that  very  distinguished  European  order, 
that  of  the  Elephant — or  of  the  White 
Elephant — of  Denmark,  where  the  castle 
which  it  supports  is  gules. 

The  late  Rev.  Mr.  Boutell — also  a  great 
authority  upon  heraldic  matters — in  his 
'  Heraldry,  Historical  and  Popular  *  (1864), 
p.  356,  states  that  this  order  is  said  to  have 
been  founded  early  in  the  fifteenth  century, 
and  was  renewed  in  1458  by  Christian  I. 

If  this  be  so,  your  correspondent  will  see 
that  quite  a  respectable  antiquity  can  be 
claimed  for  the  "  elephant  and  castle.'*  Dr. 
Woodward,  however  (vol.  ii.  p.  367),  says  this 
order  was  really  founded  by  Christian  V. 
in  1693 ;  and  goes  on  to  say  that  Christian  I., 
two  centuries  before,  had  founded  a  con- 
fraternity in  honour  of  the  Blessed  Virgin 
Mary,  and  that  this  was  the  nucleus  of  the 
new  order,  whose  badge  was  adopted  at  a 
time  when  Denmark  was  hoping  to  be  a 
great  power  in  the  East. 

As  one  would  naturally  suppose,  the 
elephant  savours  strongly  of  an  Eastern 
connexion,  and  forms  one  of  the  principal 
cognizances  or  devices  in  the  collar  of  our  own 
Order  of  the  Indian  Empire,  founded  in 
1878  to  commemorate  the  assumption  of 
the  title  of  Empress  of  India  by  her  late 
Majesty,  Queen  Victoria. 

The  querist  states  that  the  elephant  and 
castle  was  also  borne  as  a  crest — incongruous 
as  it  may  seem — by  Giovanni  Francesco  di 
Malatesta.  Dr.  Woodward  (vol.  i.  p.  243) 
says  that  an  elephant's  head — which  he 
describes  with  some  particularity — was  the 
crest  of  the  Malatestas  of  Rimini  (the 
Malatestas  of  Dante's  '  Inferno  ').  He  gives 
no  other  instance  of  such  a  crest,  either  in 
English  or  foreign  armory,  though  for  sup- 

Eorters  he  mentions,  amongst  certain  foreign 
imilies,   the  use   of    the   elephant    by   the 
English  Earls  of  Powis. 

It  is  possible  that  more  modern  instances 
of  the  use  of  this  animal  for  armorial 
purposes  may  be  found  in  the  grants  that 
have  been  made  to  distinguished  Indian 
subjects  in  recent  times. 

J.  S.  UDAL,  F.S.A. 
Antigua,  W.I. 


VAVASOUB  SURNAME  :  ITS  DERIVATION 
(11  S.  ii.  149). — A  vavasour,  vavasor,  or 
valvasor  is  one  that  is  in  dignity  next  to  a 
baron.  So  says  Cowell  ('  Interpreter,'  ed. 
1658),  and  adds  : — 

"  Bracton,  lib.  prim.  cap.  8,  saith  thus  of  this 
kind  of  men  :  Sunt  et  alii  potentes  sub  rege 
qui  dicuntur  Barones,  hoc  est,  robur  belli :  sunt 
et  alii  qui  dicuntur  Vavasores,  virimagnae  dignita- 
tis.  Vavasor  enim,  nihil  melius  dici  poterit,  quam 
vas  sortitum  ad  valetudinem,  Jacobutius  de 
Franchis  in  preludio  Feudorum,  tit.  prim. num.4, 
&c.,  calleth  them  Valvasor es  and  giveth  this  reason 
of  it :  Quia  assident  valvae,  i.  portae  domini  in  festis 
in  quibus  consueverunt  homines  curtizare  et  eis 
reverentiam  exhibere,  propter  Beneficiurn  eis 
collatum,  sicut  libertus  patrono." 
See  also  Spelman's  '  Glossary/  Blount's 
'  Law  Dictionary,1  '  Cragii  Jus  Feudale,' 
Lib.  I.  tit.  x.  §xii.  (ed.  Lipsise,  1716),  and 
Selden's  *  Titles  of  Honor,'  1614,  Second  Part, 
chap.  vii.  pp.  289-93,  and  also  pp.  389-90. 
JOHN  HODGKIN. 

Blackstone  in  his  '  Commentaries  on  the 
Laws  of  England,1  3rd  ed.,  i.  403,  says  :— 

"  The  first  name  of  dignity,  next  beneath  a 
peer,  was  antiently  that  of  '  vidames,'  '  vice 
domini,'  or  '  valvasors  '  :  who  are  mentioned  by 
our  antient  lawyers  as  '  viri  magnse  dignitatis  '  ; 
and  sir  Edward  Coke  speaks  highly  of  them.  Yet 
they  are  now  quite  out  of  use  ;  and  our  legal 
antiquarians  are  not  agreed  upon  even  their 
original  or  antient  office." 

Sir  John  Feme  in  his  '  Blazon  of  Gentrie, 
printed  by  J.  Windet  in  1586,  says  : — 

"  These  Vavasours  were  called  by  an  ancient 
English  lawyer  (Bracton),  Viri  magnse  dignitatis  : 
men  of  great  dignitye.  And  this  word  Vavasor  he 
interpreteth  to  be  this  :  Vas  sortitum  ad  vale- 
tudinem, a  man  chosen  for  his  valour  and  prowesse, 
placinge  them  above  the  dignitye  of  knighthood." 


THOMAS  WM.  HUCK. 


Saffron  Walden. 


The  surname  Vavasour  is  the  same  a9 
"vavasour*1  in  Chaucer's  'Prologue.'  I 
give  the  etymology  in  my  smaller  '  Ety- 
mological Dictionary.1  The  form  of  the 
word  is  not  clear  ;  but  it  answers  to  the 
Middle  Latin  vassus  vassorum,  lit.  "  servant 
of  servants,'*  or  "  vassal  of  vassals  "  ;  used, 
apparently,  of  a  subtenant.  See  also  my 
Notes  to  Chaucer's  'Prologue.'  It  is  of 
Celtic  origin  ;  cf .  Welsh  gwas,  a  servant. 
WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

Camden  says  in  his  '  Britannia  *  :— 
"  Vavasors   or   Valvasors   formerly  took  place 
next    the    Barons  ;     a    name,    deriv'd     by    our 
Lawyers     from     Valv ce,    folding-doors  ;      and 
dignity,  that  seems  to  have  come  to  us  from  tl 
French.     For,  during  their  dominion  in  Italy,  they 
call'd  those  Valvasors  who  govern'd  the  people, 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  17, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


233 


,  or  part  of  them,  under  the  Duke,  Marquis, 
Earl,  or  Chieftain,  and  (as  Buteler  the  Lawyer 
words  it)  '  Had  a  full  potcer  of  punishing,  but 

,  not  the  right  of  fairs  and  markets.'  This  was  a  title 
of  honour  very  uncommon  among  us  ;  and  what- 
ever it  was,  is  long  since  grown  into  disuse.  In 

!    Chaucer's  time  it  was  not  very  considerable,  as 

,  appears  from  what  he  says  of  his  Frankelin,  or 
freeholder, 

A  sheriff  had  he  been  and  a  contour, 
Was  no  where  soch  a  worthy  Vavasor. 
Next  in  dignity  came  Baronets,  Knights,  Esquires, 
and . . .  .Gentlemen." 

See  also  '  Britannia,'  1722,  vol.  i.  cols,  ccxxxv, 
ccxxxix,  and  ccxli-ii). 

In  one  of  the  houses  at  Pompeii  valvce, 
or  folding-doors,  in  four  parts,  were  placed 
!  between  the  atrium  and  peristylum,  as  has 
i  been  ascertained  from  the  marks  left  on  the 
;  threshold  (see  Rich's  '  Diet,  of  Roman  and 
i  Greek  Antiquities,'  s.v.  valvse).. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

See  Camden  in  his  chapter  on  Surnames 
1  ('Remaines,'  2nd  ed.,  1614,  p.  127). 

From  '  Philologie  Fransaise,'  Paris,  1831, 

p.  907,  I  quote  what  follows  :    "  Vavasseur, 

vieux  mot,   est  un  climinutif  de  vassal  ou 

vasseur,     qui     s'est     dit     autrefois  ;      ainsi 

vavasseur    aurait     signifie    comme    arriere- 

vassal."     From  the  '  Gloss,  des  Fabliaux  de 

Barbazan,    par    Meon,5    the  compilers  give 

i  this    definition  of    the    word:      "  Vavassor, 

[  homme  d'une  noblesse  inferieure,  ne  posse- 

|  dant  qu'un  fief  relevant  d'un  autre." 

It  was  a  feudal  term,  and  is  scarcely 
equivalent  to  "tenant  farmer,"  who  has 
never  been  thought  to  belong  to  the  "  in- 
ferior nobility."  The  country  squire  of 
Addison  and  Fielding  was  well  entitled  to 
that  honour,  it  seems  to  me. 

JOHN  T.  CUBBY. 

From  notes  appended  to  a  pedigree  of  the 
Le  Vavasseur-dit-Durell  family,  compiled 
in  1765,  it  appears  that 

"  the  ancient  name  was  Le  Vavasseur  only,  which 
8  an  old  word  of  feudal  jurisprudence,  of  which 

ie  derivation  is  far  from  certain Du  Cange 

remarks  that  there  are  two  kinds  of  Vavassours  : 
the  greater,  called  Valvassores,  created  by  the 
img,  as  Earls  and  Barons  ;  and  the  lesser, 
called  Valvassini,  created  by  these  last.  The 
family  of  Vavassour  of  England  came  into  that 
country  with  the  Conqueror  ;  and  those  settled 
in  Jersey  have  been  located  there  nearly  as  long 
time,  for  the  name  appears  in  the  Extente  of 

lool. 

My    authority    for    the    above    is    Payne's 

Armorial  of  Jersey,'  1864,  p.  151. 

Mr.  Vavasour's  derivation  and  Bardsley's 

are  sufficiently  alike  to  enable  us  to  guess 

whence  the  novelist  obtained  his  information, 


for  on  p.  198  of  Bardsley's  '  English  Sur- 
names'  (4th  ed.),  we  find:  "Of  other  the 
baron's  vassals  we  may  cite  '  Le  Vavasour  5 
or  '  Valvasor,'  a  kind  of  middle-class  land- 
owner." CHAS.  A.  BEBNATJ. 

[MR.  A.  B.  BAYLEY,  S.  D.  C.,  MR.  W.  B. 
GERISH,  MR.  HARRY  HEMS,  W.  S.  S.,  and  MR, 
J.  B.  WAINEWRIGHT  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

RICHABD  GEM  (11  S.  ii.  121,  172).— 
Through  the  kindness  of  Sir  John  F.  Rotton, 
the  great -great -nephew  of  Gem,  I  am  now 
enabled  to  add  a  few  more  particulars  on 
his  life.  Gem  married  about  1740  Ann, 
fourth  daughter  of  Jacob  Thibou  the  elder,  of 
St.  John's,  Antigua  (whose  father  Lewis 
Thibou  came  from  the  province  of  Orleans), 
by  his  wife  Dorothy  Blizard.  After  the 
death  of  Thibou  the  widow  married,  on 
1  July,  1745,  Francis  Delap  of  Antigua, 
By  her  will,  dated  1  November,  1757,  and 
proved  1  August,  1760,  the  residue  of  her 
property  passed  to  six  of  her  daughters,, 
including  Ann,  wife  of  Richard  Gem  (Oliver, 
'  Antigua,'  i.  195  and  iii.  124-6). 

Ann  Thibou  was  baptized  at  St.  John's, 
Antigua,  on  30  January,  1714/15,  and 
married  there  on  26  July,  1730,  to  Stephen 
Baker.  Gem,  her  second  husband,  had 
two  children  by  her,  both  of  whom  died 
in  infancy.  Husband  and  wife  did  not 
agree,  and  separated  about  1749,  but  so  long 
as  she  lived  Gem  provided  for  her.  She 
died  about  1790. 

Gem  went  to  France  in  1751,  and  for  some 
time  lived  at  Rome.  His  property  at  Fock- 
bury  in  Bromsgrove  is  now  in  the  possession 
of  Sir  John  Rotton.  W.  P.  COUBTNEY. 

"TEEST"  (11  S.  ii.  187).— Apparently  it 
is  necessary  to  distinguish  between  the  term 
about  which  SIB  JAMES  MUBBAY  inquires 
and  that  which  appears,  with  exactly  the 
same  spelling,  in  Halliwell's  '  Archaic  Dic- 
tionary.' Defining  his  word  as  "  a  vessel  for 
refining  silver,"  the  lexicographer  quotes 
thus  in  illustration  from  Lydgate,  MS.  Soc. 
Antiq.  134,  f.  7  :— 

As  golde  in  fyre  is  f ynid  by  assay, 
And  at  the  teest  sylver  is  depurid. 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

SECBETABIES  TO  THE  LOBDS  LIEUTENANT 
OF  IBELAND  (11  S.  ii.  187). — It  was  not,  I 
am  inclined  to  think,  until  the  reign  of  Queen 
Anne  that  an  official  corresponding  to  the 
present  Chief  Secretary  to  the  Lord  Lieu- 
tenant of  Ireland  came  into  existence.  The 
holders  of  the  office  in  that  reign  were: 


234 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  17,1910. 


1702-3,  Francis  Gwynn  ;  1703-7,  Edward 
Southwell ;  1707-9,  George  Dodington  ; 
1709-10,  Joseph  Addison ;  1710-13,  Ed- 
ward Southwell ;  1713-14,  Sir  John  Stanley. 
With  the  exception  of  Gwynn,  they  were  all 
members  of  the  Irish  Parliament. 
•  During  the  first  Duke  of  Ormond's  second 
viceroyalty  (1662-9)  Sir  George  Lane  appears 
to  have  acted  as  his  secretary,  and  during 
his  third  viceroyalty  (1677-85)  Henry  Gas- 
coigne  filled  that  position.  Sir  Henry  Ford 
was  secretary  to  Lord  Robartes  (1669)  and 
to  the  Earl  of  Essex  (1672). 

Sir  Paul  Davys  died  in  1672,  Sir  John 
Davys  in  1692,  Sir  William  Davys  in  1687, 
Henry  Hene  in  1708,  Sir  Edward  Smyth  in 
1713,  and  Thomas  Kelly  in  1809. 

F.  ELBINGTON  BALL. 

Dublin. 

Sir  Cyril  Wyche  went  to  Ireland  as  secre- 
tary to  Henry  Sidney  in  1692,  and  became 
one  of  the  Lords  Justices  in  the  following 
year.  Y. 

'  ABNO  MISCELLANY,'  1784  (11  S.  ii.  148). 
— Mr.  R.  Farquharson  Sharp  attributes  the 
editorship  of  the  '  Arno  Miscellany  '•  to  Mrs. 
Piozzi.  Her  connexion  with  the  '  Florence 
Miscellany,'  which  succeeded  it,  is  tolerably 
well  known.  Those  associated  with  her, 
probably  in  both  publications,  were  Robert 
Merry,  Bertie  Greatheed,  and  William  Par- 
sons. Merry,  author  of  many  poems  under 
the  name  "  Delia  Crusca,"-  died  suddenly  at 
Baltimore.  Bertie  Greatheed,  an  amateur 
artist,  died  in  1804.  He  is  ridiculed  by 
Gifford  in  'The  Baviad'  as  the  "deep- 
mouthed  Theban."  Parsons  wrote  a  num- 
ber of  poems,  and  shares  with  Merry,  Great- 
heed,  and  Mrs.  Piozzi  the  honour  of  having 
founded  the  "Delia  Crusca  n  school  of 
poetry.  See  Allibone  and  authorities  cited 
by  him  under  '  Merry  ?-  and  '  Mrs.  Piozzi ' ; 
Mrs.  Piozzi's  '  Life  *  by  Seeley  ;  Gifford' s 
'  Baviad l  and  '  Maeviad l ;  and  an  extremely 
interesting  notice  of  the  '  Florence  Miscel- 
lany '  in  Mr.  Bertram  Dobell's  '  Catalogue  of 
Privately  Printed  Books.'  W.  SCOTT. 

See  '  D.N.B.'  under  Merry,  Robert,  xxxvii. 
295-6.  N.  W.  HILL. 

'  OLIVER  TWIST'  ON  THE  STAGE  (US.  ii. 
129,  191,  215). — It  is  curious  to  note  in 
regard  to  the  stage  versions  of  '  Oliver  Twist l 
that  they  seem  to  have  come  in  couples,  or 
(as  it  would  now  appear  from  the  communica- 
tion of  MB.  ROBERT  WALTERS,  ante,  p.  191, 
giving  a  St.  James's  version  hitherto  un- 
noted) originally  in  threes. 


The  St.  James's  version,  referred  to  in  The 
Literary  Gazette  of  31  March,  1838,  was 
promptly  followed  by  C.  Z.  Barnett's  at  the 
Pavilion  on  21  May,  and  later  by  George 
Almar's  at  the  Surrey  on  19  November, 
the  first  two  being  put  on  the  stage  months 
before  the  whole  of  the  story  had  been 
published — a  fact  of  which  Dickens  bitterly 
complained  in  regard  to  this  and  other  of 
his  novels. 

Similarly  John  Oxenford's  version,  pro- 
duced at  the  Queen's  on  11  April,  1868,  soon 
had  a  follower  in  J.  B.  Johnstone's  at  the 
Surrey  on  18  May,  while  that  by  D.  J, 
Mordaunt  was  given  at  the  Alexandra  on 
10  April,  1869.  The  30th  of  March,  1903. 
saw  Mr.  Oswald  Brand's  version  at  the  Grand, 
and  13  April  another  at  the  Elephant  and 
Castle  ;  and  Mr.  J.  Comyns  Carr's  adapta- 
tion, produced  at  His  Majesty's  on  10  July, 
1905,  was  speedily  followed  by  Messrs.  H. 
Whyte  and  Rollo  Balmain's  at  the  King's, 
Walthamstow,  on  2  October. 

Even  these  do  not  exhaust  the  list  of 
versions  of  '  Oliver  Twist  '  as  a  whole  ;  and 
episodical  pieces  like  '  Bumble,'  '  Bumble's 
Courtship,'  and  *  Fagin  '  also  have  been  seen 
on  our  stage.  ALFBED  F.  ROBBINS. 

'  DBAWING-ROOM  DITTIES  '  (US.  ii.  48,  94, 
154,  199). — '  Little  Dorrit ?  was  a  slip  of  the 
pen.  The  parody  of  "If  I  had  a  Donkey" 
occurs  in  '  The  Old  Curiosity  Shop,'  chap, 
xxvii.,  and  is  a  puff  of  Mrs.  Jarley's  Wax- 
work Show.  G.  W.  E.  R. 

SIB  JOHN  IVOBY  :  TENCH  FAMILY  (US. 
ii.  147,  195). — The  following  wills  of  Ivory  are    i 
noted  in  the  Index  to  the  Ferns  Diocesan  Wills 
(Phillimore)  :  Ivory,  Anne  (widow),  Wexford, 
1692  ;    Ivory,  Mary,  Tillabards,  co.  Wexf., 
1726  ;    Ivory,   Mary,  Newtown,   co.  Wexf., 
1728  ;     Ivory,   Thomas   (senior),   Tillabards,   | 
co.  Wexf.,  1718.     Irish  Prerog.  Wills  include   ' 
Ivory,  Garrett,    Dublin,    mcht.,    1759,   and 
Ivory,  Thomas,  Mt.  Pleasant,  co.  Dub.,  gt., 
1787.     There  are  four  Consistorial  wills  and  j 
four  M.L.  Bonds. 

As  a  lineal  descendant  of  Capt.  John 
Tench  of  Mullinderry,  co.  Wexford  (a  native 
of  Nantwich),  I  am  interested  in  the  state- 
ment that  there  is  an  inscription  to  him  and 
his  wife  Mary  Ivory  in  Tintern  Abbey,  co. 
Wexford.  His  will,  proved  at  Dublin  in 
1684,  says  that  his  body  is  to  lie  in  the  east 
part  of  St.  Mary's,  Ross,  near  his  children; 
and  mentions  his  wife  Margaret  and  his 
children  Alan,  Joshua,  Samuel,  and  Mary, 
and  his  sisters  Margaret  Wentworth,  Anne 
Burton,  Jane  Edwards,  and  Hester  Graves. 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  17,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


235 


The  Irish  Prerog.  will  of  his  widow  Mar- 
|  garet  Tench,  dated  1700,  mentions  her  three 
sons,  her  daughter  Margaret,  and  her  sister 
Mary  Ward,  alias  Ross.  She  died  in  1703. 
The  present  head  of  the  family  is  Mr.  Samuel 
Tench  of  Baronscourt  Chambers,  Padding- 
ton. 

Was  Mary  Ivory  the  name  of  Capt.  J. 
Tench's  wife  ?  WM.  BALL  WEIGHT. 

Osbaldwick  Vicarage,  York. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
ii.  188). — The  song  commencing  "Adieu, 
plaisant  pays  de  France n  (the  author  of 
which  I  am  trying  to  discover),  was  written 
and  sung  more  than  two  hundred  years 
before  the  birth  of  Beranger,  whose  '  Adieu 
•de  Marie  Stuart  '  is  mentioned  in  the  edi- 
torial note.  The  composition  of  the  charm- 
ing little  song  has  been  attributed  (I  believe 
erroneously)  to  Queen  Mary ;  thus  Miss 
Benger  in  her  '  Memoirs  of  the  Life  of  Mary, 
Queen  of  Scots'-  (1823),  writes:  "Her 
feelings  were  afterwards  embodied  in  the 
•elegant  little  song  of  '  Adieu,  plaisant  pays 
de  France,'  deservedly  admired  by  Ronsard, 
and  every  reader  of  taste,  from  the  sixteenth 
to  the  nineteenth  century.'1 

In  Father  Prout's  '  Reliques  '  (1866)  the 
song  is  quoted  verbatim,  ' '  such  as  she  sang 
it  on  the  deck  of  the  vessel  that  wafted  her 
away  from  the  scenes  of  her  youth." 

J.  HILL. 

"  AVERAGE"  (11  S.  ii.  106).  —  It  will 
perhaps  support  MR.  MAYHEW'S  contention 
^against  the  opinion  of  our  lexicographers), 
tJn.t  Arab.  lawar  is  no  neologism  coined  from 
.the  Italian,  to  give  the  Arabic  version  of  an 
old  proverb  :  el-a'war  ben  el-imi  sultan,  the 
one-eyed  is  a  king  among  the  blind.  This 
variant  meaning,  and  the  (alleged)  deriva- 
tion of  the  subst.  'awar  from  a  similar  verb, 
seem  to  point  to  the  word  in  question  being 
pukka  Arabic.  H.  P.  L. 

SUDAN  ARCHEOLOGY  (11  S.  ii.  108).  — 
A  book  named  '  Areika,1  written  by  D.  R. 
Maclver  and  C.  L.  Woolley,  and  dealing  with 
the  most  recent  discoveries  in  the  Sudan,  was 
reviewed  in  The  Athenaeum  on  7  May  of  the 
present  year.  It  was  issued  by  the  Uni- 
versity of  Pennsylvania  in  conjunction  with 
the  Oxford  University  Press. 

W.  SCOTT. 

JOHN  KING,  ARTIST  (11  S.  ii.   169).— No 

louht    MR.    CANN    HUGHES    has    consulted 

D.N.B.,'    which    has    a    short    account    of 

Besides     portraits     of     prominent 

istohans,    King   painted    two    altarpieces 


for  Bristol  churches  in  or  about  1828,  viz., 
'  The  Incredulity  of  St.  Thomas '  for  St. 
Thomas  the  Martyr's  Church  ;  and  '  The 
Dead  Christ  surrounded  by  His  Sorrowing 
Disciples  *  for  the  Lord  Mayor's  Chapel 
(St.  Mark's,  College  Green).  The  chapel  was 
"  restored  "  and  "  beautified  n  in  1829-30, 
and  the  altarpiece,  which  has  been  described 
as  an  "  exquisitely  beautiful  "  painting  "  by 
John  King,  Esq.,  of  Clifton,"  was  comprised 
in  the  scheme.  CHARLES  WELLS. 

Bristol. 

Mr.  Pycroft  in  his  '  Art  in  Devonshire ? 
says  :— 

"  History  and  portrait  painter,  born  at  Dart- 
mouth in  1788.  He  studied  at  the  Academy,  and 
first  exhibited  in  1817.  He  painted  historical 
subjects  for  several  years,  but  obtained  scant 
encouragement.  Latterly  he  tried  portrait  paint- 
ing. He  continued  to  exhibit  till  1845,  and  died 
at  his  native  town  on  the  12th  July,  1847." 

I  have  not  heard  of  any  of  his  works  in  this 
neighbourhood.  A.  J.  DAVY. 

Torquay. 

SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY  QUOTATIONS  (10  S. 
x.  127,  270,  356,  515  ;  xi.  356  ;  xii.  217  ; 

II  S.  i.  351).— No.  23  is  from  Galen's  Com- 
mentary on  the  Aphorisms  of  Hippocrates, 
lib.    iii.    Aph.    vii.    ('  Medicorum   Grsecorum 
Opera  quae  exstant,'  ed.  C.  G.  Kiihn,  vol. 
xvii.    Pars    ii.    p.    574).     The    passage    is  : 
'H  Se  £r)poTr)<s  €v8e6(rT€pov<s  /^ev  TO> 

Xvpovs  e/yyaferat,  YoAwoWrepovs  8e  rfj 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

MAZES  (11  S.  ii.  148).— See  'Ely,  the 
Cathedral  and  See,'  with  plan  and  illustra- 
tions ("  Bell's  Cathedral  Series  "),  chap,  iii., 
p.  63  :— 

"  The  curious  labyrinth  worked  in  the  pavement 
was  there  placed  by  Sir  G.  G.  Scott,  and  is  believed 
to  have  been  designed  by  him,  and  not  copied  from 
any  foreign  example" 

F.    E.    R.    POLLARD-tlRQUHART. 
Craigston  Castle,  Turriff,  N.B. 

The  "Calvary"  at  Myddelton  Lodge, 
Ilkley,  can  scarcely  be  described  as  a 
"maze."'  It  is  in  the  form  of  a  cross: 
on  each  side  are  the  "  Stations  "  in  stone, 
and  at  the  head  is  a  small  oratory.  It  is 
approached  by  a  winding  path  with  tall 
hedges  of  spruce  fir.  So  far  as  I  know,  no 
plan  has  ever  been  published.  F.  B.  M. 

Ilkley. 

THE  OLD  PRETENDER  (11  S.  ii.  108).— 
Eight  portraits  of  the  Old  Pretender  are 
mentioned  by  Noble  in  the  continuation  of 
Granger's  '  History,'  but  most  of  them  were 


236 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  17, 1910. 


taken  in  infancy  or  childhood.  Noble  says  : 
"  The  engravings  of  this  prince  are  generally 
good,  and  his  medals  are  excellent.  They 
are  principally  productions  of  the  Papal 
artists,  the  Hamerani :  a  family  that  have 
contributed  to  give  to  Rome  a  series  of 
medals  of  superior  merit."  W.  S.  S. 

THEOPHILUS  FEILD  (11  S.  ii.  190).— 
Joseph  Foster  in  his  '  Alumni  Oxonienses  ' 
gives:  "Field,  Theophilus,  s.  James,  of 
Antegoa,  West  Indies,  cler.  St.  John's  Coll, 
matric.  21  Oct.  1724,  aged  17." 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

EGERTON  LEIGH  (11  S.  ii.  68,  114,  178).— 
I  see  the  difficulty  of  the  point  raised  by 
G.  F.  R.  B.,  and  it  certainly  seems  im- 

?robable   that   the  Egerton  Leigh  born   in 
752  could  be  the  same  as  the  one  admitted 
to  Westminster  School  in  1771. 

On  looking  further  into  the  numerous 
pedigrees  of  the  Leigh  families,  I  find  there 
was  another  Egerton  Leigh  who  fits  in  better 
with  the  date  given  by  G.  F.  R.  B.  This 
Egerton  was  a  descendant  of  the  Leighs, 
Baronets,  as  follows. 

Peter  Leigh,  born  1710,  youngest  brother 
of  the  Rev.  Egerton  Leigh,  and  son  of  the 
Rev.  Peter  Leigh  by  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  the  Hon.  Thos.  Egerton  of  Tatton,  was 
appointed  Chief  Justice  of  South  Carolina. 
He  left  one  son,  Egerton,  who  in  1756  mar. 
ried  a  lady  in  South  Carolina,  and  in  177$ 
was  created  a  Baronet.  His  son  and  heir 
Egerton,  2nd  Baronet,  described  as  o: 
Brownsover  Hall,  Warwickshire,  died  27 
April,  1818,  in  his  57th  year  (see  Gent.  Mag.} 
This  would  give  his  birth  about  1762,  whici 
would  suit  the  date  for  his  entering  West 
minster  School.  He  died  without  mal< 
issue,  and  the  title  passed  to  his  nephew 
Sir  Samuel  Egerton  Leigh. 

A.  H.  ARKLE. 
Elmhurst,  Oxton,  Birkenhead. 

PECK  AND  BECKFORD  FULLER  (11  S.  i 
488). — The  following  notes  on  the  Jamaican 
Fullers  may  interest  G.  F.  R.  B. 

Col.  Thomas  Fuller. — One  of  the  con 
querors  of  Jamaica  in  1655.  A  member  o 
the  Council  1671.  Died  in  1690. 

Charles  Fuller. — Member  of  the  Hous 
of  Assembly  for  parish  of  St.  Mary  1704 
for  St.  Dorothy  1707. 

Rose  Fuller. — Member  of  Assembly  fo 
parish  of  St.  Catherine  1745,  1749,  175S 
1754,  1755.  For  parish  of  Vere  1740. 

Thomas  Fuller. — Member  of  Assembly  fo 
St.  John's  1733.  Churchwarden  for  sam 
parish  1733. 


Peeke  Fuller. — Member  of  Assembly  for 
t.  John's  1790. 

This  information  is  obtained  from  '  Official 
nd  other  Personages  of  Jamaica,'  by  W.  A. 
""eurtado,  Jamaica,  1896. 

NOEL  B.  LIVINGSTON. 

Kingston,  Jamaica. 

COCKER  (11  S.  ii.  149).— See  Subscribers' 
/ist  at  the  beginning  of  vol.  i.  of  Lewis's 
Topographical  Dictionary  of  England  arid 
Wales'  (1831)  for  mention  of  Cocker 
Saxon),  Esq.,  Sloane  Street,  Chelsea,  not 
mprobably  the  father,  or  at  all  events  a 
elation,  of  the  two  Westminster  scholars 
nquired  after  by  G.  F.  R.  B. 

F.  S.  SNELL. 

EDWARD  R.  MORAN  (11  S.  ii.  168). — An 
obituary  notice  appeared  in  The  Free- 
mason's Quarterly  Review  for  1849,  from 
which  it  appears  that  Edward  Raleigh 
Vtoran  was  a  native  of  Limerick  ;  in  1830 
was  in  Dublin,  engaged  on  The  Star  of 
Brunswick ;  and,  coming  to  London,  wa& 
ntroduced  by  his  intimate  friend  Thomas 
Moore,  the  poet,  to  Lords  Lansdowne  and 
Vtonteagle,  whose  influence  procured  him  the 
sub-editorship  of  The  Globe,  which  he  held 
ior  eighteen  years.  He  died  in  October, 
1849,  aged  about  50,  insolvent,  and  leaving 
bis  widow  unprovided  for. 

Moran  seems  to  have  been  rather  a  ]  ro- 
minent  Freemason,  and  to  have  held  Giend 
Lodge  Office  in  Ireland.  He  contributed 
to  the  periodical  named  three  papers  en 
'  The  Architecture  of  the  Heavens  '  in  1837  ; 
and  numerous  sonnets  and  verses  may  be 
found  in  succeeding  volumes  down  to  1849. 
Besides  the  celebrities  mentioned  by  COL. 
PRIDEATJX  Moran  was  on  familiar  terms  with 
Douglas  Jerrold,  and  the  writer  of  the 
following  note,  which  is  in  my  possession  : — 

DEAR  MORAN,  Have  you  a  Haymarket  for  to- 
night? Yrs.  W.  MAGINN. 

W.  B.  H. 

JACOB  HENRIQUEZ  AND  HIS  SEVEN 
DAUGHTERS  (11  S.  ii.  150). — A  foot-note 
in  an  edition  of  Goldsmith's  '  Works ' 
published  by  Routledge  states  that  Jacob 
Henriquez  was  a  person  well  known  in  1762 
and  many  preceding  years  for  the  schemes 
he  was  daily  offering  to  various  Ministers 
for  the  purpose  of  raising  money,  loans, 
paying  off  the  national  encumbrances,  &c., 
none  of  which,  however,  was  ever  known 
to  have  received  the  smallest  notice.  The 
proposal  to  employ  his  "  seven  blessed 
daughters "  was  Goldsmith's  rather  than 
his,  although  no  doubt  justified  by  Jacobs 


n  s.  ii.  SEPT.  17,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


237 


exuberant  expressions  of  patriotism.  What 
became  of  the  ' '  seven  blessed  daughters  " 
is  not  on  record.  W.  SCOTT. 

TAMMANY  AND  ENGLAND  (11  S.  ii.  185). — 
The  account  of  the  Tammany  Society  of 
New  York  quoted  by  MB.  A.  F.  BOBBINS 
from  '  The  World  Almanac  and  Encyclo- 
paedia for  1910 '  is  inaccurate.  If  MB. 
BOBBINS  will  wait  until  the  publication  of 
the  section  of  the  '  N.E.D.'  containing  the 
word  Tammany,  he  will  find  some  new  facts 
about  St.  Tammany  societies,  of  which 
there  were  several  (including  one  in  New 
York)  in  the  American  colonies  and  the 
United  States  before  1789. 

ALBEBT  MATTHEWS. 

OATCAKE  AND  WHISKY  AS  EUCHABISTIC 
ELEMENTS  (11  S.  ii.  188).  — 13ome  curious 
particulars  of  the  celebration  of  the  com- 
munion in  Scotland  in  the  eighteenth  century 
will  be  found  in  the  late  Henry  Grey  Gra- 
ham's '  Social  Life  in  Scotland,'  vol.  ii. 
He  states  that  the  elements  varied  in 
different  places,  sack  or  claret  being  used 
instead  of  port,  and  in  some  places  ale. 
Shortbread  was  used  instead  of  bread  in 
parts  of  Galloway — indeed,  I  have  been 
told  that  in  one  parish  in  comparatively 
recent  times  (if  it  does  not  actually  still 
obtain)  the  elements  consisted  of  shortbread 
And  whisky.  Graham  also  mentions  the 
fact  of  the  chaplain  of  Ogilvy's  regiment 
having  administered  the  Eucharist  on  the 
field  of  Culloden  with  oatcake  and  whisky, 
on  the  authority  of  Bishop  Forbes's  'Journal,1 
referred  to  by  MB.  ANDEBSON. 

T.  F.  D. 

'  ERLKONIGS  TOCHTEB,'  DANISH  POEM 
(11  S.  ii.  89). — The  original  to  which  Goethe 
was  indebted  was  Herder's  translation  of 
the  Danish  ballad.  This  translation,  which 
begins, 

Herr  Oluf  reitet  spat  und  weit, 
Zu  bieteri  auf  seine  Hochzeitleut', 

is  to  be  found  in  Herder's  '  Stimmen  der 
Volker  in  Liedern,'  Book  IV.  No.  14,  pp.  452- 
454  of  the  Eighth  Part  (Tubingen,  1807)  of 
his  '  Sammtliche  Werke.'  It  is  a  rendering 
of  one  of  the  '  Kaempe-Viser,'  the  old  Danish 
ballads.  EDWABD  BENSLY. 

For  the  Danish  original  see  '  Danmarks 
Gamle  Folkeviser,'  ed.  Svend  Grundvig, 
Bel  ii.  pp.  114-16  (Copenhagen,  1856).  A 
copy  of  this  precious  collection  of  old 
Banish  folk-songs,  in  3  large  vols.,  is  to  be 
found  in  the  Taylorian  Library,  Oxford. 


The  same  old  Danish  ballad  of  '  Sir 
Olave  '  has  been  rendered  into  English, 
from  Grundvig's  original  text  and  from  other 
sources,  by  Alexander  Prior  in  his  '  Ancient 
Danish  Ballads,'  translated  from  the  ori- 
ginals, vol.  ii.  pp.  298-309.  This  work, 
published  by  Williams  &  Norgate,  London, 
1860,  in  3  vols.,  may  also  be  seen  at  the 
Taylorian  Library. 

Goethe's  '  Erlkonigs  Tochter '  was  sug- 
gested to  him  by  Herder's  well-known  trans- 
lation of  the  original  ballad  from  the  Danish. 

H.  KBEBS. 

Oxford. 

DUKE  OF  GBAFTON,  EAST  INDIAMAN,  AND 
WABBEN  HASTINGS  (11  S.  ii.  189). — Accord- 
ing to  Mr.  H.  C.  Hardy's  '  Register  of  Ships 
in  the  Service  of  the  Hon.  East  India  Com- 
pany from  1760  to  1812,'  the  Duke  of 
Grafton  made  four  voyages  to  India.  On 
the  first  voyage  she  was  commanded  by 
Capt.  Brook  Samson,  with  Samuel  Bull  as 
first  mate,  and  sailed  from  the  Downs 
26  March,  1769,  arriving  back  in  the  Downs 
30  July,  1770.  On  the  second  voyage  she 
left  Portsmouth  1  April,  1772,  arriving  in  the 
Downs  1  August,  1773.  On  the  third 
voyage  she  left  Portsmouth  25  March,  1776, 
arriving  in  the  Downs  23  March,  1778. 
On  the  fourth  voyage  she  left  Portsmouth 
7  March,  1779,  arriving  in  the  Downs 
20  October,  1781.  On  the  second,  third,  and 
fourth  voyages  she  was  commanded  by 
Samuel  Bull. 

Apparently  this  ship  named  the  Duke 
of  Grafton  was  not  lost  in  1777,  but  the 
book  gives  no  account  after  the  fourth 
voyage  of  the  vessel  or  of  Capt.  Bull. 

B.  C.  BOSTOCK. 

BOOK-COVEBS  :  "  YELLOW-BACKS  u  (11  S. 
ii.  189). —  The  introduction  of  illustrated 
boards  as  a  form  of  book-covering  followed 
closely  on  the  heels  of  cloth.  These  picture 
boards  at  first  were  of  no  settled  colour,  but 
the  popular  two -shilling  railway  novel  of 
the  Miss  Braddon  type  was  usually  covered 
with  a  glazed  yellow  paper  cover,  printed 
in  colours,  a  fashion  that  lasted  over  forty 
years.  Between  1895  and  1900  this  form 
of  novel  waned  and  died.  WM.  JAGGABD. 

Avonthwaite,  Stratford-on-Avon. 

See  '  The  Life  of  the  Bight  Hon.  W.  H. 
Smith1  by  Sir  Herbert  Maxwell,  1893, 
vol.  i.  pp.  84-7.  W.  H.  PEET. 

During  "the  sixties"  I  heard,  in  the 
course  of  a  discussion  after  a  lecture  on 
some  moral  subject  before  the  Launceston 


238 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  IL  SEPT.  17, 1910. 


Mechanics'  and  General  Institute,  the  novels 
referred  to  by  BIBLIOPHILE  gravely  de- 
scribed as  "  black  devils  in  yellow  jackets." 
And  yet,  if  my  memory  serves  me  aright, 
some  of  them  were  very  innocuous. 

DUNHEVED. 

I  have  a  "yellow-back"-  dated  1862, 
which  one  would  have  thought  was  about 
the  time  of  their  origin.  Its  title  is  '  My 
Private  Notebook  ;  or,  Recollections  of  an 
Old  Reporter,'  by  W.  H.  Watts  (Tinsley 
Brothers).  J.  HOLDEN  MACMICHAEL. 

I     believe     "yellow-backs"     came     into 
vogue  in  the  sixties.     I  have  a  volume  of 
Sala's  published  in  1872  by  Tinsley  Brothers. 
M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY  CLERGY  (11  S.  ii. 
149). — MR.  McMuRRAY  is  no  doubt  correct 
as  regards  Dr.  Samuel  Bolton  (1606-54) 
and  Matthew  Poole  the  commentator 
(1624-79).  May  not  the  Kennett  referred 
to  have  been  Bishop  White  Kennett' s 
father,  who,  I  think,  was  named  Basil  ? 

Rogers  may  perhaps  indicate  the  Rev. 
Nehemiah  Rogers,  a  popular  divine  who 
published  sermons  between  1632  and  1659. 

Wells,  possibly,  was  the  Rev.  John  Wells, 
minister  of  St.  Olave,  Jewry,  ejected  for 
Nonconformity  in  1662.  He  died  1676. 

Harrison,  in  all  likelihood,  was  the  Rev.' 
Thomas  Harrison,  D.D.,  minister  of  St. 
Dunstan's-in-the-East  in  1650.  Ejected  for 
Nonconformity,  he  afterwards  went  to 
Dublin.  He  was  author  of  '  Topica  Sacra.' 

W.  S.  S. 

THOMAS  PAINE' s  GRAVESTONE  (10  S.  xii. 
44,  118,  197;  11  S.  i.  53).— In  connexion 
with  my  articles  at  the  first  and  last  refer- 
ences, I  have  recently  been  informed  by  a 
friend  in  New  York  that  a  fragment  con- 
taining the  words  "PAINE"-  and  "sense," 
exactly  fitting  the  major  portion  of  the 
gravestone  now  in  Liverpool,  is  preserved  in 
the  Thomas  Paine  National  Museum,  New 
Rochelle,  New  York.  This  is  an  additional 
proof  of  the  genuineness  of  the  fragment  in 
private  custody  at  Liverpool,  the  existence 
of  which  was  first  publicly  made  known 
through  '  N.  &  Q.?  It  now  remains  for 
pub  lie -spirited  Americans  to  agitate  for  the 
restoration  of  the  fragment  to  Liverpool. 

JAS.  M.  Dow. 

GENERAL  WOLFE  ON  "YANKEES"  (US. 
ii.  186). — The  extract  quoted  by  L.  F.  Q. 
was  noted  several  years  ago  in  R.  Wright's 


'  Life  of  Wolfe,'  1864,  p.  437,  by  the  present 
writer  ;  was  communicated  by  him  to 
Mr.  O.  G.  T.  Sonneck  ;  and  was  printed  by 
Mr.  Sonneck  in  his  '  Report  '  on  '  Yankee 
Doodle,'  &c.,  published  by  the  Library  of 
Congress  in  1909. 

Gordon's  notion  that  the  word  Yankee 
meant  "excellent"  is  open  to  grave  sus-r 
picion.  ALBERT  MATTHEWS. 

SHAKESPEARE  AND  PEEPING  TOM  (11  S. 
ii.  189).— The  play  called  '  Peeping  Tom  of 
Coventry '  is  a  musical  farce,  written  by 
John  O'Keeffe,  edited  by  George  Daniel,, 
with  a  frontispiece  by  Robert  Cruikshank,. 
and  published  about  1830.  So  far  as  can 
be  observed  in  a  cursory  examination,  there 
is  no  reference  in  this  drama  to  Shakespeare. 

WM.  JAGGARD. 

Avorithwaite,  Stratford-on-Avoii. 

ANONYMOUS  WORKS  (11  S.  ii.  189). — 
'  The  Experiences  of  a  Gaol  Chaplain  '  and 
'  Notes  from  the  Diary  of  a  Coroner's  Clerk  z 
were  written  by  the  Rector  of  Kirton,  near 
Woodbridge  in  Suffolk,  who  appears  to  have 
adopted  the  name  of  Charles  Francis 
Haldenby  in  writing,  his  real  name  being 
James  Erskine  Neale.  He  died  in  1885 -at 
Exning,  near  Newmarket.  See  6  S.  xii. 
465  for  some  further  information.  R.  B. 

Upton. 

'  LE  PAYSAN  PERVERTI  '  (11  S.  ii.  189).— 
This    is   by    Restif    de    la    Bretonne,    1775, 
4  vols.,   12mo.      '  N.  &  Q.'  can  hardly  find    '• 
space  for  a  list  of  the  works  of  this  voluminous 
author.     A  '  Bibliographie  raisonnee  *  takes    j 
up  pp.    89  to    141   of  his   '  Contemporaines    ! 
melees,'-  edited  by  J.  Assezat  (Paris,  Char- 
pentier  &  Cie.,  no  date,  price  3fr.  50). 

A.    COLLINGWOOD    LEE. 
Waltham  Abbey. 

Retif  de  la  Bretonne,  the  author  of  '  Le  ! 
Paysan  Perverti  *  and  its  sequel  '  La  Pay- 
sanne    Pervertie,2    each    in    4   vols.,    was  a  j 
voluminous  writer  in  the  eighteenth  century. 
I  have  a  list  of  28  of  his  works,  comprising 
about  70  vols.,  offered  for  sale  by  a  Paris 
bookseller  in   1776.  B.  D.  MOSELEY. 

'  JANE  SHORE  '• :  • '  THE  CANADIAN  GIRL  '  : 
MRS.  BENNETT  (11  S.  ii.  66,   116).— If  MR.  j 
AVERN    PARDOE    is    not    already    informed 
as  to  the  authorship  of  '  The  Canadian  Girl  * 
(see  10  S.  vi.  448  ;    vii.  33),  I  would  refer 
him  to  MR.  DIXON'S  reply  on  '  Jane  Shore.' 
Is  the  Mrs.   Bennett  who  wrote  the  works 
enumerated  in  the  list  of  Messrs.  W.  Nichol- 
son  &   Sons  related   to   Mrs.   Agnes  Maria 


u  B.  11.  SEPT.  17, 1910. j      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


239 


Bennett,  who  died  in  1808  (vide  'D.N.B.')  ? 
The  latter  also  produced  some  seven  or 
eight  romances,  all  very  popular  in  their 
day.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

KIPLING  AND  THE  SWASTIKA  (11  S.  ii.  188). 
— Probably  it  was  intended  to  use  the 
swastika  thus,  in  its  amuletic  form,  in  the 
same  way  that  it  is  a  mystic  symbol  amongst 
the  religious  devotees  of  India,  and  known 
in  Europe  since  about  the  sixth  century  as 
the  fylfot.  The  swastika  and  fylfot,  says 
Prof.  Simpson,  are  believed  to  be  different 
or  varied  forms  of  the  symbol  of  Baal  or 
Woden  ('  Works,'  p.  73),  and  were  therefore 
well  calculated  to  baffle  the  machinations 
of  the  Evil  One  operating  by  means  of  the 
"  evil  eye."  In  Hindu  mythology  Ganesa, 
the  elephant -headed  god  of  •reproductive- 
ness,  is  described  as  having  had  his  head 
destroyed  by  a  glance  from  the  eye  of 
Rudra,  or  Siva  the  Sun  in  his  destructive 
aspect.  The  symbolism  of  the  lotos  flower, 
productive  of  a  state  of  dreamy  forgetfulness 
and  loss  of  all  desire  to  return  home  in  those 
who  ate  it,  is  well  known.  The  poet's 
birth  in  Bombay  and  his  long  connexion 
with  India  possibly  suggested  the  first  two, 
at  all  events,  of  these  symbols  in  the  cir- 
cumstances indicated. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

I  am  unable  to  explain  the  significance 
attached  by  Mr.  Kipling  to  the  two  forms 
of  the  swastika.  In  the  orthodox  form  of 
the  symbol  the  arms  turn  to  the  right. 

"  In  Buddhism,  the  ends  of  the  arms  are  always 
bent  in  the  respectful  attitude,  that  is,  to  wards  the 
left ;  for  the  Lamas,  while  regarding  the  symbol 
as  one  of  good  augury,  also  consider  it  to  typify 
the  continuous  moving,  or  the  ceaseless  becoming 
which  is  commonly  called  Life." — L.  A.  Waddell, 
'  The  Buddhism  of  Tibet,  or  Lamaism,'  1895, 
p.  389. 

W.  CROOKE. 

Any  one  interested  in  the  ancient  symbol 
adopted  by  Rudyard  Kipling  on  the  covers 
of  his  books  will  find  Thomas  Wilson's 
monograph  on  the  swastika  (published  by 
the  Smithsonian  Institute  in  1896)  very 
instructive.  This  prehistoric  symbol,  pro- 
bably meaning  "  good  luck,'?'  is  as  old  as 
the  Bronze  Age,  and  to  be  found  in  all  parts 
of  the  world,  New  and  Old.  T.  S.  M. 

H.M.S.  AVENGER  (11  S.  ii.  130). —The 
captain  of  the  ill-fated  Avenger  was  Charles 
George  Ellers  Napier,  stepson  of  Admiral 
Sir  Charles  Napier.  A  sketch  of  his  career 
will  be  found  in  '  The  Life  and  Correspond 


ence  of  Sir  Charles  Napier,'  London,  1862y 
2  vols.,  written  by  Major-General  Ellers 
Napier,  Capt.  Napier's  brother.  The  sketch 
makes  no  mention  of  the  names  of  those 
who  perished  in  the  Avenger.  Perhaps  the 
'information  sought  may  be  obtained  by 
an  examination  of  contemporary  newspapers- 
or  from  some  Naval  List  for  1847. 

W.  S.  S. 

ISLINGTON  HISTORIANS  (11  S.  ii.  187). — 
Should  we  not  read  in  this  paragraph 
"  grand-nephew  of  Robert  Nelson "  tor 

grandson'4?  Robert  Nelson  left  no  chil- 
dren by  his  wife.  W.  D.  MACRAY. 

There  is  a  brief  notice  of  Samuel  Lewis 
the  younger  (d.  1862)  in  the  original  edition 
of  the  'D.N.B.,'  vol.  xxxiii.  p.  195.  There 
he  is  said  to  have  been  the  son  of  Samuel 
Lewis  the  elder  (d.  1865),  publisher. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

CLERGY  RETIRING  FROM  THE  DINNER 
TABLE  (11  S.  ii.  9,  69,  136).— I  think  C.  C.  B.'s 
reference  to  The  Guardian  should  be  No.  163 
(not  173),  and  to  The  Tatler  25  November, 
1710  (not  23  November).  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 


0tt 


The  Cambridge  History  of  English  Literature, 
Edited  by  A.  W.  Ward  and  A.  R.  Waller.— 
Vol.  IV.  Prose  and  Poetry  :  Sir  Thomas  North 
to  Michael  Dray  ton.  (Cambridge  University 
Press.) 

THE  present  volume  gathers  up  with  notable 
success  the  work  of  a  good  many  authors  and 
groups  of  authors  difficult  to  place.  We  approach 
writers  who  have  a  more  general,  human  interest 
than  those  of  the  earlier  volumes  with  the  excep^ 
tion  of  Chaucer,  and  it  is  pleasant  to  see  the  wide 
range  of  critics  who  have  been  asked  to  deal  with 
special  subjects. 

Mr.  Charles  Whibley,  a  Cambridge  writer  dis- 
tinguished for  his  verve,  leads  off  with  a  chapter 
on  'Translators,'  and  dwells  with  just  en- 
thusiasm on  those  masters  of  English  prose  whose 
work  forms  a  monument  of  the  language  at  its 
greatest  period. 

Prof.  Albert  S.  Cook  has  the  grandest  monu- 
ment of  all  to  deal  with  in  '  The  Authorized 
Version  and  its  Influence.'  His  enthusiasm  will 
be  echoed  by  critics  literate  and  less  well  equipped, 
but  we  think  he  has  been  led  into  some  contra- 
dictions in  his  zeal  for  the  subject.  He  divides 
the  contents  of  the  Bible  in  the  Old  Testament 
into  "narrative,  poetry  —  chiefly  lyrical  —  and 
prophecy,"  and  goes  on:  "In  the  New  Tes'ta- 
ment  the  Epistles  may  be  said  to  represent 
prophecy,  and  the  Revelation  to  be  partly  of  a 
prophetic,  and  partly  of  a  poetical,  character,  s'o 
far  as  these  two  can  be  distinguished."  This 
seems  to  us  far  from  an  enlightening  division, 
involving  a  use  of  the  word  "prophecy"  un» 


240 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      HI  s.  n.  SEPT.  17,  mo. 


familiar  to  many.  Regarding  the  wonderful 
dignity  of  the  sacred  books  all  are  agreed,  but  to 
say  that  "  there  is  no  straining  for  effect,  no 
obtrusive  ornament,  no  complacent  parading  of 
the  devices  of  art,"  is  to  go  too  far.  Ornament 
is  surely  obtrusive  in  some  passages,  and  recog- 
nized as  both  characteristic  of  Hebrew  poetry, 
.and  highly  effective.  Clearness  and  the  presence 
only  of  words  that  count  are,  of  course,  abun- 
dantly exhibited  ;  but  there  are  books  of  amazing 
power,  like  Job  and  Bcclesiastes,  which  are  neither 
clear,  nor  free  from  excrescences  ;  otherwise  many 
commentators  have  been  wasting  their  time  and 
labour.  Mention  is  made  of  the  striking  computa- 
tions of  Marsh  that  "  about  93  per  cent  of  the 
words  of  the  '  Authorized  Version,'  counting 
repetitions  of  the  same  word,  are  native  English." 
'The  passages  on  the  influence  of  the  Bible  on 
subsequent  English  writing  are  noteworthy. 
Few  people  have  any  idea  of  the  extent  to  which 
this  influence  enters  into  ordinary  speech  and 
writing.  Mrs.  Creighton  has  a  good  chapter 
on  '  Sir  Walter  Raleigh,'  and  we  are  glad  to  see 
Dr.  Brushfield's  work  on  the  subject,  which  is 
familiar  to  our  readers,  specially  mentioned  in  the 
Bibliography. 

Commander  Robinson  and  Mr.  John  Leyland 
liave  two  excellent  chapters  :  '  The  Literature 
of  the  Sea  '  from  the  Origins  to  Hakluyt,'  and 
'  Seafaring  and  Travel :  the  Growth  of  Pro- 
fessional Textbooks  and  Geographical  Litera- 
ture.' The  editors  are  to  be  congratulated  alike 
on  the  idea  and  the  execution  of  these  chapters, 
which  give — for  the  first  tune,  we  think,  in  a  work 
of  this  sort — adequate  attention  to  a  peculiarly 
English  sort  of  composition.  The  writers  speak 
with  justice  of  "  the  spirit  of  imperialism,"  which  is 
commonly  regarded  as  a  new  discovery. 

'  The  Song  Books  and  Miscellanies  '  are  treated 
by  Mr.  Harold  H.  Child,  who  also  discusses 
*  Robert  Southwell,'  '  Samuel  Daniel,'  and 
'  Michael  Dray  ton.'  Mr.  Child  writes  very  well, 
but,  in  pouring  scorn  on  the  fatuousness  of  modern 
'words  set  to  music,  he  might  have  added  that  many 
•excellent  lyrics  are  unfitted  for  musical  setting  in 
consequence  of  their  distribution  of  vowels 
and  consonants.  Such,  at  least,  is  the  view  of  an 
•expert  musician.  We  are  unaware  if  Mr.  Child 
is  qualified  in  this  direction. 

Mr.  S.  P.  Vivian,  who  writes  on  *  Thomas 
Campion,'  has  made  the  subject  his  own,  and 
•speaks  with  authority.  Prof.  Sorley  and  Arch- 
deacon Cunningham  are  also  undoubted  masters 
of  '  The  Beginnings  of  English  Philosophy  '  and 
'  Early  Writings  on  Politics  and  Economics.' 
Prof.  Bensly  is,  too,  the  one  man  to  write  on 
Robert  Burton.  We  only  wish  that  the  Biblio- 
graphy, which  mentions  his  unequalled  notes  on 
'  The  Anatomy  of  Melancholy '  in  our  own 
^columns,  spoke  of  a  new  edition  of  that  great 
book  as  in  preparation  by  him.  No  interests  in 
existing  editions  should  prevent  a  work  so 
obviously  needed. 

Mr.  H.  G.  Aldis's  chapter  on  '  The  Book  Trade, 
1557-1625,'  has  already  been  commented  on  in 
'  N.  &  Q.'  as  a  separate  pamphlet.  It  was  well 
worth  the  honour  of  an  off-print.  Mr.  Aldis  also 
notices  '  Writers  on  Country  Pursuits  and 
Pastimes,'  including  Gervase  Markham,  Barnabe 
Googe  (who  has  figured  also  in  an  earlier  volume), 
Topsell,  and  Herbals.  Here  again  we  have  an  excel- 
lent example  of  the  arrangement  of  this  volume, 


which  brings  together  and  sorts  a  medley  of 
works  and  subjects  which  might  tax  the  Vit& 
of  the  most  experienced  editor. 

Bacon  appears,  of  course,  in  Prof.  Sorley's 
chapter,  and  further  in  Prof.  H.  V.  Routh's 
'  London  and  the  Development  of  Popular  Litera- 
ture,' where  the  characteristics  of  his  '  Essays  ' 
are  well  explained.  To  the  editions  of  these  in  the 
Bibliography  we  should  add  that  by  Dr.  Mary  A. 
Scott  (Scribners,  1908),  which  contains  a  careful 
exposition  of  quotations  and  parallel  passages. 

The  Bibliographies  as  a  whole  win  our  un- 
stinted admiration.  In  no  case  of  importance 
have  we  failed  to  find  an  authority  for  which  we 
have  looked,  whether  recent  or  of  older  date. 
The  volume  opens  up  the  study  of  a  complicated 
period  for  students  in  a  way  which  should  win  the 
widest  recognition.  With  the  series  of  individual 
judgments  scattered  throughout  these  pages  no 
single  critic  can  expect  to  be  always  satisfied  ; 
but  the  critic  who  does  not  learn  much  here,  and 
find  much  to  help  him  to  further  learning,  is  an 
impossible  person. 


MB.  A.  E.  BAKER  is  publishing  by  subscription 
with  Messrs.  Barnicott  &  Pearce  of  Taunton  'A 
Complete  Concordance  to  the  Poetical  Works  of 
Alfred,  Lord  Tennyson.'  Only  a  limited  issue  will 
be  printed,  and  subscriptions  should  be  sent  not 
later  than  1  November.  The  language  of  a  great 
stylist  like  Tennyson  is  well  worth  attention,  and 
we  are  glad  to  hear  that  a  Concordance  is  now  in 
view.  That  by  Brightwell,  which  is  necessarily 
incomplete,  but  valuable  as  far  as  it  goes,  was  the 
subject  of  some  correspondence  in  our  columns 
(10  S.  xi.  261,  353,  513). 


We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  following 
noticed : — 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery- 
Lane,  E.C. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

A.  C.  B. — A  legal  question  is  outside  our  scope. 
W.  B.— Anticipated  by  COL.  PRIDEAUX,  ante, 
p.  195. 


n  s.  ii.  SEPT.  24,  i9io.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


241 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  *k%  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  39. 

,  NOTES  :— Blake's  'Laughing  Song':  a  New  Version,  241— 
Statues  and  Memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  242— Notting- 
ham Graveyard  Inscriptions— Sotheran  &  Co.  in  Picca- 
dilly 244— Barnaby  Barnes— "King  Orry,"  245— Shake- 
spearian Parallels— Bishopsgate  Street  Without— Mensen 
the  Courier— "Jack  Ketch's  Journeyman"—"  Practice"  : 
"  Practise,"  246. 

QUERIES :— Ladies  and  University  Degrees— Tom  Taylor 
__"Turcopolerius  "—Queen  Victoria  and  Georee  Peabody's 
Funeral—'  The  Twin-Brothers,'  247— English  Altar  Virgin 
in  Santiago  —  Capt.  Pottinger  or  Porringer  —  Jeremiah 
Rich's  Works  — Mrs.  Swale— Roma  Aurea  —  Scottish 
Emigrants'  Oath  of  Allegiance,  248— Limerick  Glove  in  a 
Walnut  Shell  — Marie  Huber  — Robert  Churche— Burnt- 
island  —  Allerton  and  the  Hardman  Family  —  Gower 

'  REPLIES":— Flint  Firelocks  in  the  Crimean  War— Pope 
Adrian  IV.  and  the  Emerald  Isle— Islington  Historians, 
250— Earl  of  Arundel's  Brother  and  Uncle  Arrested— Major 
Hudson  or  Hodson  at  St.  Helena,  251— Leo  Xlll.'s  Latin 
Verses  — Guildhall:  Old  Statues  —  Magazine  Story  of  a 
Deserter—"  Staple"  in  Place-Names,  25«-"That  blessed 
word  Mesopotamia  "— Windsor Stationmaster— The  Fubbs 
Yacht,  253— Usona=U.S.A.— Rule  of  the  Road -Proprie- 
tary Chapels,  254— Dictionary  of  Mythology— H.  A.  Major 
—"Storm  in  a  teacup "— Cowes  Family— Isaac  Watts's 
Collateral  Descendants  —  Archdeacons  of  Hereford  — 
"  Sovereign  "  of  Kinsale,  255— Smollett's  '  History  of  Eng- 
land '— Gulston  Addison's  Death— Morganatic  Marriages 
—Herb-woman  to  the  King,  256— John  Brooke— Old-Time 
English  Dancing— Sir  John  Alleyn— Rostand's  '  Chante- 

i     cler'— Vicars  of  Dartmouth— Hobby-Horse,  257— Names 
terrible  to  Children— Somerset  House— Jeremy  Taylor's 
Descendants— Parish  Armour— Telephones  in  Banks,  258. 
NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :  —The  Sculptured  Tombs  of  Rome— 

i     '  British  Costume  during  Nineteen  Centuries.' 
Booksellers'  Catalogues. 


WILLIAM    BLAKE'S     '  LAUGHING 
SONG  '  :    A  NEW  VERSION. 

THE  beginning  of  the  modem  interest  in 
William  Blake  dates  from  1863,  when  the 
first  edition  of  Gilchrist's  '  Life  *  was  pub- 
ished.  The  first  publisher  to  recognize  this 
nterest  and  to  take  advantage  of  it  was 
Basil  Montague  Pickering,  who  in  1866 
published  the  '  Songs  of  Innocence  and  of 
Experience,'  together  with  a  few  miscel- 
aneous  poems,  under  the  editorship  of 
R.  H.  Shepherd.  A  second  edition  of  this 
appeared  in  1868  ;  and  in  the  introduction 
to  the  next  edition  of  1874  the  editor  states 
[p.  vi)  that 

'  about  the  same  time  [1868]  the  loan,  opportunely 
)btained,  of  a  still  rarer  book,  the  juvenile  '  Poetical 
Sketches,'  privately  printed  in  1783,  with  a  few 
>ther  shqrt  pieces  written  in  the  fly-leaves,  enabled 
;he  Publisher  to  add  a  twin  volume  to  the  former 
one.  These  are  now  united,  together  with  a  few 
similar  pieces. ..." 

It  is  with  the  "  few  short  pieces  written 
in  the  fly-leaves  "  of  the  *  Poetical  Sketches  * 
that  the  present  note  is  concerned,  and  these 
were  not,  as  is  implied  in  the  above  passage, 


printed  with  the  '  Poetical  Sketches '  in 
1868,  but  first  appeared  in  the  second  edition 
of  the  '  Songs  of  Innocence  and  of  Experi- 
ence,' when  two  of  them  were  included  among 
the  '  Miscellaneous  Poems l  with  the  titles 
'  Song  by  a  Shepherd J  and  '  Song  by  an 
Old  Shepherd.*  After  this  date  the  volume 
containing  the  MS.  of  these  Songs  became 
lost  to  sight,  and,  Shepherd's  text  remaining 
the  sole  authority  for  them,  later  editors 
had  perforce  to  put  their  trust  in  his  accuracy, 
a  trust  which  seems  not  to  have  been  mis- 
placed. The  volume,  however,  appeared 
again  this  year  from  an  anonymous  source, 
and  was  sold  by  Messrs.  Sotheby  on  22  March 
to  Mr.  Francis  Edwards,  with  whose  per- 
mission this  note  is  published.  The  latter 
kindly  allowed  it  shortly  afterwards  to  be 
incorporated  in  an  exhibition  of  Blake's 
works  which  has  recently  been  held  at  the 
Fitzwilliam  Museum,  Cambridge. 

The  Songs,  three  in  number,  are  written 
on  the  verso  of  the  first  fly-leaf  and  on  the 
recto  and  verso  of  the  second.  They  are 
certainly  not  in  Blake's  autograph,  but  it  is 
suggested  that  they  may  have  been  copied 
out  by  his  wife  ;  this  is  possible,  but,  in  the 
absence  of  any  MS.  by  Mrs.  Blake  for  com- 
parison, the  writing  cannot  be  identified. 
At  the  top  of  the  first  fly-leaf  is  written 
"Songs  by  Mr.  Blake, "  and  then  follow 
in  order  '  Song  1st  by  a  Shepherd,'  '  Song  2d 
by  a  Young  Shepherd,''  '  Song  3d  by  an  old 
Shepherd.'  The  first  and  third  are  those 
printed  by  R.  H.  Shepherd  in  1868,  while 
the  remaining  one  proves  to  be  another 
version  of  the  '  Laughing  Song,''  engraved 
by  Blake  among  the  '  Songs  of  Innocence.' 
In  the  first  Song  Shepherd's  text  does 
not  differ  from  the  original  except  in  un- 
important details  of  spelling  and  punctua- 
tion. In  the  third  Song  the  first  line  runs  : — 

When  silver  snow  decks  Sylvio's  deaths. 
Shepherd  copies  the  name  correctly  in  the 
edition  of  1868,  but  in  the  edition  of  1874 
he  substitutes  for  it  "  Sylvia."  The  altera- 
tion is  evidently  an  intentional  emendation 
to  avoid  the  somewhat  unpleasant  repetition 
of  three  o  sounds  in  four  consecutive  words. 
There  are  no  other  changes  of  importance 
in  this  Song. 

The  second  Song  I  print  in  full,  with  the 
'  Laughing  Song '  following  it  for  comparison  ; 
the  last  stanza  is  the  same  in  both  : — 
Song  2*  by  a  Young  Shepherd. 
lit 

When  the  trees  do  laugh  with  our  merry  wit, 
And  the  green  hill  laughs  with  the  noise  of  it, 
When  the  meadows  laugh  with  lively  green 
And  the  grasshopper  laughs  in  the  merry  scene, 


242 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES,      [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  24, 1910. 


When  the  greenwood  laughs  with  the  voice  of  joy, 
And  the  dimpling  stream  runs  laughing  by, 
When  Edessa,  &  Lyca,  &  Emilie, 
With  their  sweet  round  mouths  sing  ha,  ha,  he, 

3d 

When  the  painted  Birds  laugh  in  the  shade, 
Where  our  table  with  cherries  &  nuts  is  spread  ; 
Come  live  &  be  merry  &  join  with  me 
To  sing  the  sweet  chorus  of  ha,  ha,  he. 

Laughing  Song. 

When  the  green  woods  laugh  with  the  voice  of  joy, 
And  the  dimpling  stream  runs  laughing  by  ; 
When  the  air  does  laugh  with  our  merry  wit. 
And  the  green  hill  laughs  with  the  noise  of  it ; 
When  the  meadows  laugh  with  lively  green, 
And  the  grasshopper  laughs  in  the  merry  scene, 
When  Mary  and  Susan  and  Emily 
With  their  sweet  round  mouths  sing '  Ha,  Ha,  He  ! ' 

The  differences  between  the  two  versions 
are  sufficiently  obvious,  and  call  for  no 
particular  comment. 

Part  of  the  history  of  the  volume  contain- 
ing the  Songs  is  indicated  by  various  inscrip- 
tions, the  earliest  of  which  is  at  the  top  of 
the  title-page — "  [present  del.]  from  Mrs. 
Flaxman  May  15  1784 "  ;  the  recipient 
of  the  gift,  which  presumably  had  the  MS. 
Songs  already  written  on  the  fly-leaves,  is 
not  indicated.  The  next  note  is  at  the  top 
of  the  second  fly-leaf,  recto — "Reed's  Sale 
1807  "  ;  and  the  next  on  the  first  fly-leaf, 
verso,  below  the  first  Song — "  ex  Biblio- 
theca  Heberiana,  fourth  portion  sold  by 
Evans  9  Dec  1834.'*  The  next  owner  is 
indicated  by  a  book-plate  inside  the  cover, 
which  bears  a  shield  inscribed  "  J.H.A. 
1834."  After  this  date,  except  that  the 
volume  was  lent  to  Pickering  about  1868, 
its  history  appears  to  be  unknown  until  its 
reappearance  in  March,  1910. 

Various  alterations  and  corrections  have 
been  made  in  the  text  of  the  volume,  but,  as 
they  are  in  several  hands,  no  importance  can 
be  attached  to  them.  G.  L.  KEYNES. 

Cambridge. 

STATUES    AND   MEMORIALS   IN    THE 

BRITISH    ISLES. 
(See  10  S.  xi.  441  ;    xii.  51,    114,    181,    401  ; 

11  S   i.  282;   ii.  42.) 

ROYAL  PERSONAGES  (continued). 

Savernake  Forest,  Wiltshire. — A  lofty 
stone  obelisk  stands  on  an  elevation  about 
two  miles  distant  from  Tottenham  House, 
the  Wiltshire  seat  of  the  Earl  of  Ailesbury. 
It  was  erected  in  1781,  and  bears  the  following 
inscriptions  : — 

Front.  "  This  column  was  erected  by  Thomas 
Bruce,  Earl  of  Ailesbury,  as  a  testimony  of  grati- 


tude to  his  ever-honoured  Uncle,  Charles,  Earl  of 
Ailesbury  and  Elgin,  who  left  him  these  estates. 
and  procured  for  him  the  Barony  of  Tottenham,  and. 
of  loyalty  to  his  most  gracious  Sovereign  George  III.  v 
who  unsolicited  conferred  upon  him  the  honour  of 
an  Earldom,  but  above  all  of  piety  to  God  first,, 
highest,  best,  whose  blessing  consecrateth  every 
gift  arid  fixeth  its  true  value.  MDCOLXXXI." 

Back.  "In  commemoration  of  a  signal  instance 
of  Heaven's  protecting  providence  over  these  king- 
doms in  the  year  1789,  by  restoring  to  perfect  health 
from  a  long  and  afflicting  disorder  their  excellent- 
and  beloved  Sovereign  George  the  Third,  this  tablet- 
was  inscribed  by  Thomas  Bruce,  Earl  of  Ailesbury." 

Wicton,  Yorkshire.  —  Over  the  western 
entrance  of  the  church  is  placed  the  follow- 
ing inscription  : — 

"In  the  year  of  our  Lord  1809,  when  the  people- 
of  the  united  empire,  grateful  for  the  security  and 
happiness  enjoyed  under  the  mild  and  just  govern- 
ment of  their  virtuous  and  pious  monarch,  returned 
solemn  and  public  thanks  to  Almighty  God  that  by 
the  protection  of  Divine  Providence  His  Majesty 
King  George  the  Third  had  been  preserved  to  enter 
on  the  fiftieth  year  of  his  reign,  The  Right 
Honourable  Thomas  Bruce  Brudenell  Bruce,  Earl 
of  Ailesbury,  In  commemoration  of  that  event, 
first  designed  and  then  carried  into  effect  the  build- 
ing of  this  church." 

Ruthin,  Denbighshire. — On  Moel  Fammau, 
the  highest  point  of  the  Clwydian  range- 
(1,850ft.  above  sea-level),  are  the  ruins  of 
a  pyramidal  tower  set  up  in  the  year  1809 
by  the  gentlemen  of  Flintshire  to  com- 
memorate the  Jubilee  of  George  III.  It  was 
originally  150  ft.  high,  but  was  reduced  to 
ruins  by  a  storm  in  1862. 

Banbury,  Oxfordshire. — The  Warwick  Ad- 
vertiser of  11  November,  1809,  contained  the 
following  : — 

"On  the  Jubilee  Day  a  gentleman  and  lady  of 
Banbury,  with  their  seven  children,  planted  a  grove 
of  oaks,  in  the  centre  of  which  was  placed  a  large 
stone  bearing  the  following  impressive  inscription : — 

"  '  This  grove  was  planted  October  25th,  1809,  by 

and  their  seven  children,  to  commemorate  the 

50th  anniversary  of  the  accession  of  George  the 
Third. 

Hcec  olim  meminesse  juvabit. 

What  noble  honours,  on  this  festive  day, 
Could  Britain  to  a  much-loved  Sovereign  pay? 
A  prouder  monument  could  grandeur  rear  ? 
Or  Piety  an  off 'ring  more  sincere  ? 
When  as  each  little  patriot  grasped  the  tree, 
The  pray'rs  of  innocence  were  breath'd  for  thee, 
(Nor  shall  such  pray'rs  in  vain  to  Heaven  ascend). 
For  thee— Great  George,  their  Father,  King,  and 

Friend ; 

And  ev  'ry  breeze  that  murmurs  through  the  grove 
Proclaims  at  once  their  Loyalty  and  Love." 

I  shall  be  glad  if  any  correspondent  car* 
identify  the  gentleman  referred  to,  and  say 
if  the  inscribed  stone  is  still  in  existence. 

Addington,  Surrey. — I  understand  there 
is  a  George  III.  Jubilee  Memorial  in  Adding- 


n  s.  ii.  SEPT.  24,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


243: 


ton   Park.     It  was  erected  by   Archbishop 

Manner  s-Sutton,     and     contains     a     Latin 

i  inscription    written,    I    believe,    by    Bishop 

.  Lonsdale  of  Lichfield.     Can  any  one  supply 

I  this  inscription  ? 

Edinburgh. — On  the  Castle  Esplanade  is  a 

statue  of  Frederick,  Duke  of  York,  second 

j  son  of  George  III.,  erected  in  commemoration 

I  of  a  visit  paid  to  the  city.     It  was  executed 

i  by  Campbell,  and  represents  the  Duke  in  the 

costume  of  a  Knight  of  the  Garter. 

Weybridge,  Surrey. — On  the  village  green 
is  a  column  erected  in  memory  of  the  Duchess 
of  York,  who  died  at  Oatlands  in  1820,  and 
is  buried  in  Weybridge  Churchyard.  It 
consists  of  a  Doric  column  about  30  ft.  high, 
finishing  with  a  graduated  spire,  surmounted 
by  a  coronet.  The  column  originally  sup- 
ported the  famous  Seven  Dials*  in  London. 
It  was  removed  in  June,  1774,  and  for  some 
unknown  reason  was  brought  to  Sayes  Court, 
a  residence  in  the  locality  of  Weybridge. 
Here  it  lay  for  many  years  among  other 
architectural  fragments,  but  was  eventually 
sought  out,  and  erected  as  a  fitting  memorial 
to  this  amiable  and  benevolent  princess. 
It  is  stated  that  the  dial-stone  with  which 
it  was  formerly  surmounted  still  does  duty 
as  a  step-stone  at  a  neighbouring  inn.  An 
engraving  of  the  memorial  appears  in  Mrs. 
S.  C.  Hall's  '  Pilgrimages  to  English  Shrines  ' 
(Second  Series,  1853). 

Brighton. — On  the  front  of  the  main 
entrance  to  the  Royal  Pavilion,  built  during 
the  Regency,  are  displayed  the  Prince  of 
Wales's  badge  and  the  inscription  :  "  H.R.H. 
George  P.W.,  A.D.  MDCCLXXXIV.'* 

or  the  sea,  on  the  north  side  of  the 
Old  Steine  Gardens,  stands  a  bronze  statue 
of  George  IV.  It  was  executed  by 
Chantrey. 

Ramsgate. — Near  the  east  pier  is  a  granite 
obelisk  commemorating  the  embarkation 
for  Hanover,  and  the  return,  of  George  IV. 
in  1821.  On  this  occasion  the  King  con- 
ferred on  the  harbour  the  title  of  "The 
Royal  Harbour  of  Ramsgate."'  It  contains 
the  following  inscriptions  : — 

[Front.] 

Georgio  Quarto 

Magnae  Britannire  et  Hiberniae 

Real  Illustrissimo 

Quern   sui   unice    colunt 

venerantur  externi, 

hunc  Obeli  scum 
Oppidnni  Villje  de  Ramsgate, 

et  ejusdem  inquilini 

quique  portus  gerunt  curam 

quique    ibidem    fisco    prsesunt 

pio  ammo  poni  curaverunt. 

KCGMXXn. 


[Back.] 

To 

George  the  Fourth, 

King  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland, 

The  Inhabitants  and  Visitors  of  Ramsgate. 

and  the 

Directors  and  Trustees  of  the  Harbour,, 
have  erected  this 

Obelisk 

as  a  grateful  record 

of  his  Majesty's  gracious  condescention 
in  selecting  this  Fort 

for 

his  embarkation  on  the  25th  September, 

in   progress    to    his    kingdom   of    Hanover, 

and  his  happy  return 

on  the  8  November, 

1821. 

Edinburgh. — In  George  Street  is  a  statue 
of  George  IV.  by  Chantrey,  erected  in  1831 
in  commemoration  of  the  King's  visit  to 
Scotland. 

Holyhead. — On  the  Admiralty  Pier  is  a 
marble  arch  commemorative  of  the  visit  of 
George  IV.  in  1821. 

[I  shall  be  glad  to  receive  particulars 
concerning  the  following  statues  and  memo- 
rials :  St.  Helier,  Jersey — Westaway  ;  Wey- 
mouth — Sir  H.  Edwards ;  monument  at 
Hawkesbury.  Gloucestershire  ;  Bodmin — • 
Sir  W.  K.  Gilbert;  Redruth— Lord  de 
Dunstanville  ;  St.  Ives — Knide  ;  Lostwithiel 
—Sir  R.  Lyttelton  ;  Hebden  Bridge,  Yorks 
— Studley  Pike  ;  monument  at  Ashbridge, 
Bucks  ;  Comrie — Lord  Melville  ;  Elgin — 
Duke  of  Gordon  ;  Kilmarnock — Sir  James 
Shaw  ;  Beaumaris  —  Bulkeley  memorial ; 
Little  Barford,  Beds — Rowe  ;  Silsoe,  Beds, 
column ;  Turvey,  Beds — Jonah  and  the 
Fish.]  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

The  characteristic  feature  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
being  accuracy  where  possible,  I  venture 
slightly  to  correct  MB.  PAGE'S  note  (ante, 
p.  42)  on  the  equestrian  statue  of  William  III. 
at  Petersfield. 

It  was  erected  in  compliance  with  a  clause 
in  the  will  of  Sir  William  Jolliffe  (M.P.. 
for  the  borough  1734-41),  proved  P.C.C.. 
14  March,  1749/50,  and,  being  in  the  first 
instance  gilded,  it  stood  for  more  than  half 
a  century  in  the  grounds  of  the  mansion 
known  as  Petersfield  House.  On  the  demoli- 
tion of  that  residence,  Col.  Hylton  Jolliffe 
sanctioned  its  removal  (about  the  year 
1810)  to  "The  Square,"  where  it  has  since 
stood.  It  was  not  long  ago  repainted  at 
the  expense  of  the  individual  who  believes 
himself  to  be  its  owner.  H. 

MB.  PAGE,  at  the  end  of  his  article,  ante, 
p.  43,  writes  hesitatingly  about  the  former 
existence  of  a  statue  of  George  III.  in  Bristol. 


244 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  IL  SEPT.  24, 1910. 


There  was  a  statue,  erected  in  Portland 
Square  to  celebrate  the  King's  Jubilee.  The 
ceremony  of  laying  the  foundation  stone  of 
an  obelisk  was  part  of  the  programme  of 
rejoicing  in  October,  1809.  In  April,  1810, 
the  obelisk  was  superseded  by  a  statue,  on 
the  pedestal  of  which  was  an  inscription 
recording  the  gratitude  of  the  subscribers 
for  "  the  blessings  enjoyed  under  the  best  of 
kings."  The  editor  of  The  Bristol  Journal 
described  the  statue  (executed  by  Messrs. 
Coades  &  Sealey)  as  being  equal  to  the  work 
of  Flaxman  and  Nollekens. 

During  the  night  of  23  March,  1813,  after 
one  of  the  political  speeches  of  "  Orator  " 
Hunt  at  the  Exchange,  eight  or  ten  men 
climbed  into  the  Portland  Square  enclosure, 
where  the  statue  stood,  and  threw  it  down. 
The  figure  w.as  so  much  damaged  that  it 
was  never  restored.  One  of  the  men  was 
sentenced  at  the  ensuing  Quarter  Sessions  to 
twelve  months'  imprisonment. 

"  Orator  "•  will  be  remembered  as  the 
nickname  of  Henry  Hunt,  formerly  a  brewer 
at  Bristol,  and  afterwards  a  London  blacking- 
maker.  He  became  known  throughout  the 
country  as  a  demagogue,  and  fought  a 
memorable  by-election  at  Bristol,  July, 
1812.  He  was  defeated,  and  his  supporters 
created  a  serious  riot.  At  the  General 
Election  in  October  of  the  same  year  Hunt 
was  again  an  unsuccessful  candidate.  He" 
then  petitioned  against  the  return  of  Mr. 
Richard  Hart  Davis  (Tory)  and  Mr.  Edward 
Protheroe  (Whig).  The  petition  was  dis- 
missed. These  two  elections  cost  £29,429 
(the  cost  of  the  first  being  £14,362). 

Portland  Square,  named  after  the  Duke 
of  Portland,  who  was  High  Steward  of 
Bristol  (1786-1809),  was  esteemed  one  of 
the  finest  residential  squares  out  of  London, 
and  many  well-to-do  merchants  and  pro- 
fessional men  lived  there.  Jane  Porter,  the 
novelist,  died  in  1850  at  No.  29,  the  home 
of  her  brother,  Dr.  W.  O.  Porter.  The 
present  Lord  Winter  stoke' s  family  once 
lived  in  the  square.  It  is  now  almost  entirely 
given  up  to  commerce.  CHARLES  WELLS. 

134,  Cromwell  Road,  Bristol. 


NOTTINGHAM    GRAVEYARD 

INSCRIPTIONS. 
(Concluded  from  p.  165.) 

THE    following   items   are   taken   from    St. 
Mary's  Churchyard,  Nottingham  : — 
Kelk,  "  of  Whitworth  in  Derbyshire." 
Coleraan,  "  of  ye  Borough  of  Leicester." 
Binkley,  "  died  at  Peshawur,  East  India." 
McCoul,  "  late  of  Castledouglass,  N.B." 
Donaldson,  "  late  of  Kirkcudbrightshire,  N.B." 


McCoul,  "  formerly  of  Red  Lion,  parish  of 
Tongueland,  N.B." 

Bilby,  "  formerly  a  student  in  Queen's  [sic] 
College,  Cambridge." 

Johnson,  "  of  Eakring  in  this  County." 

Rozzell,  "  a  native  of  Ireland." 

Hillyard,  "  late  of  Upper  Clapton,  Middlesex." 

Lambert,  "of  Queen  Square,  Bloomsbury,  in 
the  county  of  Middlesex." 

Billiald,  "  interred  at  East  Markham,  Notting- 
hamshire." 

Gislot,  "  of  Bath." 

Watts,  "  of  Bristol." 

[Thorn  ]pson  ' « [of  in  the  county]  of  Lin- 
coln." (Much  worn.) 

Tollinton,  "  died  in  London,  and  was  buried  in 
the  vault  under  the  church  of  St.  Magnus  the 
Martyr." 

Jowett,  "  of  Loughborough." 

Pettinger,  "  died  at  Thorpe,  county  of  Norfolk." 

White,  "  of  Basford." 

[Pearson,  "  died  at  Cleethorpes."] 

Simmons,  "  late  of  Loughborough." 

Kendall,  "  of  Mansfield." 

Moor,  "  of  Newark." 

Warren,  "  of  St.  Petersburg  Place,  Bayswater." 

Holland,  "  died  at  Belfast." 

Redman,  "  [London  Wall],  Surrey,  London." 

Greenfield,  "  of  South  Lane,  Basford." 

The  following  data  are  taken  from  the 
churchyard  of  St.  Nicholas,  Nottingham  : — 

Maddock,  "  late  Minister  of  Trinity  Church, 
Hudder[sfield]." 

Norton,  "  of  Sawley  in  Yorkshire." 
Boyfield,  "  of  Saxby  in  Leicestershire." 
Goodall,  "  of  Howden,  Yorkshire." 
Johnson,    "  of    Swithland    in    the    county    of 
Leicester." 

Bryan,  "  formerly  of  Castle  Donington, 
Leicestershire . ' ' 

Davis,  "  of  Sneinton." 
Eboral,   "  of  Warwick." 
Thornton,  "  buried  at  Lille." 
Musgrave,   "  late  of  Cold   Hanworth,   Lincoln- 
shire."    ("  Cold  "   has   evidently   been   corrected 
from  "  Potter  "  Hanworth,  both  places  being  in 
the  same  county.) 

White,  "  late  of  Sleaford,  Lincolnshire." 
Goldsmith,  "  interred  in  Cirencester  Cemetery." 
Patterson,  "  of  Gordon  Haugh,  Hamilton,  N.B." 
Stubbins,"  late  of  Red  Hill." 
Brown,  "  late  of  Leicester." 
Tunnicliff,  "  of  Buxton,  Derbyshire." 
Leavers,  "  died  whilst  on  a  visit  here." 
Bolle    de    Lasalle,    "  ancien    capitaine    dans   la 
marine  Francaise.     Ne  a  Paris mort  a  Notting- 

Trochet,  "  born  at  Bell[er]en  GreviUe,  in  the 
Province  of  Normandy." 

A.  STAPLETON. 
39,  Burford  Road,  Nottingham. 


SOTHERAN   &   CO.    IN   PICCADILLY.— Book- 

lovers,  who  for  twenty -two  years  have  had 
pleasant  times  at  37,  Piccadilly,  should  note 
that    Messrs.    Sotheran    have    moved    their 
Temple  of  the  Muses  to  No.  43,  a  few  door 
nearer  the  Park.     The  arrangement  of  the 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  24,  i9io.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


245 


stock  is  such  that  a  book  can  be  found  at 
once.  This  I  experienced  the  other  day 
when  I  required  to  look  at  a  work  seldom 
asked  for.  Very  different  was  the  case  with 
the  late  Mr.  Pickering,  whose  shop  was  also 
in  Piccadilly,  but  on  the  other  side  of  the 
way.  An  old  friend  of  mine  once  told 
me  that  when  Pickering  said  he  had  not 
the  book  asked  for,  he  would  walk  round  the 
shop  and  take  from  off  the  shelves  the 
i  volumes  he  required. 

The  front  portion  of  Messrs.  Sotheran's 
entrance  floor  is  devoted  to  modern  books, 
and  at  the  back  are  bound  copies  of  standard 
works.  These  include  the  Cosway  bindings 
originated  by  Mr.  J.  Harrison  Stoneham, 
who  has  charge  of  the  Piccadilly  house, 
the  speciality  of  these  bindings  being  that 
beautiful  ivory  miniatures,  cpvered  with 
bevelled  glass,  are  inserted  below  the  surface 
of  the  covers.  There  is  a  copy  of  Ireland's 
Life  of  Napoleon,  the  four  volumes  bound 
in  this  way,  with  miniatures  of  the  Napoleon 
family,  Napoleon's  generals,  and  others  on 
the  covers.  Among  other  books  so  bound 
are  '  British  Portrait  Painters,'-  by  Edmund 
<;«sse,  'The  Art  of  the  Louvre,'-  by  Mary 
Knight  Potter,  and  '  The  Fan,*  by  Uzanne. 
There  are  also  many  examples  of  jewelled 
bindings.  One  I  saw  adorned  John  Adding - 
iton  Symonds's  '  Wine,  Women,  and  Song.'- 

Each  floor  has  its  contents  classified. 
The  first  is  given  over  to  engravings.  The 
second  to  books  in  the  current  number  of 
j  the  Price  Current,  the  third  to  general  stock, 
I  and  the  fourth  to  works  on  costume.  There 
is  also  a  "remainder  floor,"  and  I  was  in- 
l  formed  that  this  remainder  system  often 
|  did  good  service  to  an  author,  as  it  created 
[an  interest  among  country  booksellers,  so 
that  good  books  of  which  the  original  sale 
was  unsatisfactory  became  in  increased 
demand,  and  at  times  grew  scarce.  One 
rejoices  to  know  this,  although  authors  and 
publishers  would  prefer  to  have  the  original 
prices  in  their  pockets. 

I  cordially  wish  Mr.  Henry  Cecil  Sotheran 
every  success  in  this  new  home.  He  is  the 
third  of  his  race  with  whom  I  have  enjoyed 
'riendship.  JOHN  COLLINS  FBANCIS. 

BABNABY  BABNES. — In  the  '  Cambridge 
History.of  English  Literature,*  vol.  ii.  p.  438, 
a  certain  type  of  satire  is  mentioned,  the 
characteristic  of  which  is,  to  quote  Prof. 
Padelford's  words,  "proposing  impossible 
phenomena,  and  then  concluding  that  when 
such  phenomena  actually  exist,  women  will 
be  faithful.'*  A  stanza  is  then  quoted 
from  Prof.  Flugel's  transcription  of  Balliol 


MS.  354,  printed  in  Anglia,  xxvi.  (1903) 
p.  277.  A  version  of  the  same  is  printed 
also  in  Anglia,  xxxii.  p.  358  ;  B.  Barnet 
makes  use  of  this  in  a  passage  which  is  not 
clear  unless  we  connect  the  two.  In  the 
sestine  which  closes  the  lengthy  cycle 
'  Parthenophil  and  Parthenophe,'  when  his 
love  has  at  last  proved  kind,  he  rhapsodizes  : 

"  Bear  golden  apples,  thorns  in  every  wood  ! 
Join    heavens  1     for   we    conjoin  this  heavenly 

night ! 

Let  alder  trees  bear  apricots  !    (Die  Furies  !) 
And  thistles,  pears  !   which  prickles  lately  bare  I 

Let  nettles  bring  forth  roses  in  each  wood  ! 
Last  ever  verdant  woods  1  &c. 

The   version   given   by   Prof.   Flugel   is   as- 

follows  : — 

Whan  netilles  in  wynter  here  Rosis  rede, 

&  thornys  bere  figges  naturally 

&  bromes  bere  appylles  in  euery  mede, 

&  lorelles  bere  cheris  in  ye  croppis  so  hie 

&  oks  bere  dates  so  plentvosly, 

&  lekes  geve  hony  in  yer  superfluens, 

Than  put  in  a  woman  yor  trust  &  confidens,  &c, 

Barnes  means,  naturally,  that  in  the 
fruition  of  his  desires  he  may  put  in  a 
woman  his  trust  and  confidence,  consequently 
these  other  seeming  impossibilities  may  now 
be  expected.  ROBEBT  MAX  GABBETT. 

University  of  Washington,  Seattle,  U.S.A. 

"  KING  OBBY." — No  one  can  pay  a  visit- 
to  the  Isle  of  Man  without  becoming  familiar 
with  "  King  Orry.'3  The  phrase  perpetuates- 
the  memory  of  a  name  highly  honoured  in 
the  island  as  that  of  the  Alfred  of  its  past 
history,  namely,  Godred  Crouan,  whose 
name  was  GoSfreySr,  in  Old  Norse,  of 
which  Godfrey  is  our  modern  English 
equivalent.  Well,  how  can  the  form  "  Orry  ** 
be  explained  ? 

The  explanation  may  be  found  in  the  very 
scholarly  book  on  '  Manx  Phonology '  by 
Prof.  Rhys.  We  are  told  on  p.  128  that 
"  King  Orry  "  is  derived  from  an  older  form 
"  King  Gorry,1*  with  the  initial  g  lost  through 
contact  with  the  preceding  nasal  ng  in 
"  king."  Mr.  Moore  in  his  'Manx  Names* 
(ed.  1906),  p.  56,  agrees  with  Prof.  Rhys 
in  deriving  Gorry  from  the  Old  Norse 
GoSfreyoY,  through  various  pronunciations- 
of  the  Scandinavian  name.  In  Old  Irish 
the  Manx  monarch  was  known  as  "  Ree 
Gorree"  (King  Gorry).  In  the  'Four 
Masters  *  the  name  appears  in  the  form 
Gothfraith  (which  in  modern  Irish  would 
be  pronounced  "  Gorry  ").  It  may  be  useful 
to  give  this  historic  etymology  of  Orry  (in 
the  combination  "  King  Orry  n),  as  it  does 
not  seem  to  be  widely  known.  I  have  seen 


246 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [11  s.  n.  SEPT.  21, 1910. 


lately  an  attempt  to  connect  Orry  with 
Eric,  and  even  with  Old  Harry. 

A.  L.  MAYHEW. 
21,  Norham  Road,  Oxford. 

SHAKESPEARIAN  PARALLELS. — 

1.  "  Ireland     breeds     no     poison." — '  Vittoria 
•Corombona,'  II.  i. 

This  reference  to  the  legend  of  St.  Patrick's 
banishment  of  venomous  reptiles  from 
Ireland  gives  point  to  Hamlet's  oath, 
"Yes,  by  Saint  Patrick2'-  ('Hamlet/  I.  v. 
136). 

2.  "  'Tis  a  pretty  art  this  grafting.     'Tis  so  :    a 
bettering  of  Nature." — '  Duchess  of  Main,'  II.  i. 

Cp.  '  Winter's  Tale,'  IV.  iii.  89-97. 

3.  "     Gentlemen,     countrymen,     friends." — 
'  Knight  of  the  Burning  Pestle,'  V.  ii. 

Is  this  an  echo  of  Antony's  speech  in  '  Julius 
Caesar,'  III.  ii.  79  ? 

4.  The  grace  of  God  he  layd  up  still  in  store .... 
He  had  enough. 

'  Faerie  Queen,'  I.  x.  38. 

"  You  have  the  grace  of  God,  sir,  and  he  hath 
•enough." — '  Merch.  Venice,'  II.  ii.  165-6. 

5.  "  You  were  too  much  i'  th'  light." — '  Duchess 
of  Main,'  IV.  i. 

"  I  am  too  much  i'  the  sun." — '  Hamlet,'  I.  ii.  67. 

6.  Over  hill,  over  dale, 
Thorough  bush,  thorough  brier. 

'  Midsummer  Night's  Dream,'  II.  i.  2-3. 
Began  through  wood,  through  waste,  o'er  hill, 
o'er  dale,  his  roam. 

'Paradise  Lost,'  IV.  538. 

P.    A.    McELWAINE. 

BISHOPSGATE  STREET  WITHOUT.  —  The 
widening  of  this  thoroughfare  has  occasioned 
the  demolition  of  some  interesting  buildings, 
and  more  are  threatened.  For  example, 
No.  130,  which  at  least  since  1817,  if  not 
longer,  had  been  occupied  by  one  firm 
dealing  in  tripe  and  its  by-products,  was  a 
large  building  with  separate  entrance  hall  and 
private  apartments  of  considerable  size. 

At  the  commencement  of  Norton  Folgate 
there  are  several  old  houses,  but  the  most 
picturesque  is  No.  11,  with  a  typical  Georgian 
;shop -front  of  double  projecting  bow  windows, 
and  ascent  by  two  stone  steps  to  the  door. 
Its  facia  identifies  it  as  "  The  Golden  Eagle,?? 
established  about  1750,  and  the  house  is 
undoubtedly  of  that  age,  if  not  older.  The 

E remises  have  been  closed  and  rather  neg- 
ated for  several  years,  but  it  is  probably 
due  to  some  subsidence  in  the  cellar  that  the 
shop -front  and  door  are  now  aslant.  On 
these  and  other  buildings  in  the  locality, 
threatened  or  lost,  Mr.  Hopwood  or  Mr. 
O.  F.  Goss  could,  I  have  no  doubt,  give 
much  interesting  information. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 


MENSEN  THE  COURIER.  —  An  account  cf 
this  remarkable  man,  given  some  years 
ago  by  "  Historicus  "  (?  Sir  William  Vernon 
Harcourt)  in  The  Standard,  appears  deserv- 
ing of  reference  in  '  N.  &  Q.x  Ernst  Mensen, 
a  Norwegian,  served  in  the  English  Navy, 
and  was  present  at  Navarino  in  1827. 
When  his  term  of  service  was  up  he  became 
a  professional  runner,  and  covered  the 
distance  from  London  to  Portsmouth  in 
nine  hours,  and  London  to  Liverpool  in 
thirty -two.  He  undertook  in  the  summer 
of  1831  to  run  from  Paris  to  Moscow,  and 
performed  the  distance  (1,760  miles),  it  is 
alleged,  in  less  than  fourteen  days.  Owing 
to  his  celebrity,  Mensen  obtained  employ- 
ment as  a  public  courier,  and  soon  became 
an  object  for  wagers  at  many  European 
Courts,  invariably  beating  the  mounted 
courier's  matched  against  him.  He  did 
not  walk,  but  always  ran.  His  customary 
refreshment  was  said  to  be  a  biscuit  or  two 
and  an  ounce  of  raspberry  syrup  a  day, 
and  two  brief  rests  of  some  thirty  minutes 
only  in  the  twenty -four  hours.  These, 
it  is  stated,  he  took  standing,  with  merely 
a  handkerchief  thrown  over  his  face.  In 
1836  Mensen  carried  the  East  India  Com- 
pany's dispatches  from  Calcutta  to  Con- 
stantinople, through  Central  Asia,  a  distance 
of  5,615  miles,  in  fifty -nine  days. 

Nature  could  not  long  bear  up  against 
such  fatigues,  and  he  died  on  one  of  his 
extraordinary  tours,  and  was  found  resting 
against  a  tree  as  if  asleep.  He  was  buried 
on  the  spot,  just  outside  the  village  of 
Syang,  in  Upper  Egypt.  R.  B. 

Upton. 

"JACK  KETCH'S  JOURNEYMAN  "=  THIEF. 
— In  The  London  Morning  Penny  Post  of 
4-7  October,  1751,  is  this  statement  : — 

"  On  Friday  William  Elliot,  one  of  Jack  | 
Ketch's  Journeymen,  was  committed  to  the  Gate-  ' 
house  by  Thomas  Lediard,  Esq.,  for  stealing  ; 
about  a  Yard  and  Half  of  Leaden  Pipe,  which  lie  . 
broke  off  from  the  House  of  one  dunes,  in  New- 
port  Market." 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

"  PRACTICE  ".  :  "  PRACTISE."  -  -  In  regard 
to  the  respective  functions  of  these  two 
forms  a  revolution  seems  to  be  in  progress. 
Minor  novelists  take  liberties  with  both,  i 
some  of  them  apparently  being  under  the 
impression  that  they  may  be  used  indis 
criminately.  Such  writers,  however,  are 
not  likely  to  create  a  precedent,  and  their 
methods  may  safely  be  disregarded.  On 
the  other  hand,  certain  American  authors 
whose  works  compel  attention  both  by 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  24, 1910.]       JSTOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


247 


I  maturity   of   thought    and    graces    of    style 

;   must  be  more  seriously  considered.     Some 

j  of  these  seem  deliberately  to  invert  norma 

usage,  steadily  making   "practice"  a  verb 

and     "practise"     a     noun.     As     examples 

.set  in  America  occasionally  find  imitators 

in  this  country,  it  is  perhaps  important  to 

draw  attention  to  this  arbitrary  practice. 

A  probable  misprint — noticeable,  how 
•ever,  because  of  what  has  just  been  said — 
•occurs  in  the  India-paper  pocket  edition  of 
*Tess  of  the  D'Urbervilles/  published  by 
Messrs.  Macmillan  in  1906.  Towards  the 
close  of  chap,  xxxix.,  which  is  concerned 
with  Clare's  visit  to  his  people  in  his  time 
of  deep  distress,  his  sponsor  in  this  admirable 
reissue  is  made  to  say,  "  When  his  agitation 
had  cooled  he  would  be  at  moments  incensed 
with  his  poor  wife  for  causing  a  situation  in 
which  he  was  obliged  to  practice  deception 
on  his  parents."  In  the  confusion  that  is 
undoubtedly  growing,  there  may  be  readers 
who  will  conclude  from  this  passage  that 
Mr.  Hardy  favours  the  American  fashion. 
THOMAS  BAYNE. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
co  amx  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct,. 

LADIES  AND  UNIVEBSITY  DEGBEES. — 
Who  was  the  first  lady  to  receive  a  degree 
from  a  University  in  (1)  America  and  (2) 
•Great  Britain  ?  What  degree,  and  in  what 
year  ? 

The    first    lady    to    receive    a    University 
egree   in    Canada   was   Miss    Annie    Grace 
Lockhart,     on     whom     the     University     of 
Mount   Allison   College  at    Sackville,    N.B.. 
inferred  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Science 
1875.     This  University  also  created  the 
'    lady    Bachelor    of    Arts    in    Canada, 
is  occurred  in  1882,  and  the  lady  was  Miss 
Harriet  Starr  Stewart. 

R.  C.  ARCHIBALD. 
Brown  University,  Providence,  Rhode  Island. 

TOM    TAYLOB'S     REPRESENTATIVES. I 

"lid  be  indebted  to  some  of  your  readers 
the  names  and  addresses  of  the  repre- 

utat.ives  of  Tom  Taylor,  the  dramatist 
I  contributor  to  Punch,  &c.  My  reasons 
literary.  Please  reply  direct. 

DAVID  Ross  McCoBD,  K..C. 

Aemple  Grove,  Montreal. 


"  TUBCOPOLEBIUS." — In  the  reign  of  Queen 
Elizabeth  a  medal  was  struck  by  the  Vene- 
tians in  honour  of  Sir  Richard  Shelley, 
"  Turcopolerius  of  Malta,"  who  had  recently 
made  a  treaty  of  commerce  between  the 
Venetians  and  our  Virgin  Queen.  Sir 
Richard  Shelley  acted  under  the  direction  of 
the  great  Lord.  Burghley.  What  was  the 
precise  signification  of  the  title  Turco- 
polerius ?  RICHABD  EDGCUMBE. 
Meranerhof,  Meran,  Austria. 

QUEEN  VICTOBIA  AND  GEOBGE  PEABODY'S 
FUNEBAL. — In  an  American  booklet  entitled 
'  Little  Journeys  to  the  Homes  of  Great 
Business  Men  '  there  is  an  account  of  George 
Peabody,  which  ends,  thus  :— 

"  When  Peabody  died  in  1869,  Queen  Victoria 
ordered  that  his  body  be  placed  in  Westminster 
Abbey.  The  Queen  in  person  attended  the  funeral, 
the  flags  on  Parliament  House  were  lowered  to  half- 
mast,  and  the  body  was  attended  to  Westminster 
Abbey  by  the  Royal  Guard.  Gladstone  was  one  of 
the  pall-bearers." 

Later  it  was  discovered  that  Peabody  had 
directed  in  his  will  that  his  body  should  rest 
in  America,  so 

"it  was  removed  from  the  Abbey,  and  placed  on 
board  the  British  man-of-war  Monarch  in  the 
presence  of  the  Prime  Minister,  the  Secretary  of 
Foreign  Affairs,  and  many  distinguished  citizens. 
The  Monarch  was  convoyed  to  America  by  a 
French  and  an  American  gunboat." 

Is  this  a  correct  account,  especially  as  to 
Queen  Victoria  attending  the  funeral  in 
person  ?  C.  E.  R. 

'  THE  TWIN-BBOTHEBS.' — Is  it  still  possible 
to   throw   light   upon   the   authorship    of   a 
urious  book  of  the  eighteenth  century  ? — 
"  The  Twin-Brothers  ;  or,  a  new  Book  of  Discip- 
line for  Infidels  and  old  offenders.     In  prose  and 
verse.  ***  Edinburgh  :   Printed  for  Charles  Elliot, 
Edinburgh;    and  for  C.  Elliott,  T.   Kay  and  Co. 
N°  332,  opposite  Somerset  house,  Strand.     London 
M,DCC,LXXXVII."    Pp.  176. 

The  first  part  is  in  verse,  and  is  entitled  : — 
"  A  new  colony  proposed  and  considered.    A  con- 
ersation,  anno  1783.     With  notes  and  illustrations 
variorum." 

The  second  part  is  in  prose,  and  has  for 
title  : — 

"A  New  Exhibition;  or,  a  sermon  written  on  a 
lew  plan :  addressed  to  a  congregation  of  Old 
Bucks,  who  still  keep  it  up ;  and  are  the  patrons 
and  patterns  of  the  rising  generation  of  Bold 
Spirits.  With  anecdotes  and  observations  for  the 
ise  of  the  publick,  and  particularly  of  parents  and 
guardians. 

There  are  plenty  of  satirical  pictures  of 
tie  times  in  this  volume. 

WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 
Manchester. 


248 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  24, 1910. 


ENGLISH  ALTAR  VIRGIN  IN  SANTIAGO.  — 
Above  the  principal  side-altar  in  the  grand 
old  church  of  San  Martin  in  Santiago  I 
observed  an  image  of  the  Virgin  which  is  of 
a  type  quite  different  from  any  other  figures 
of  the  Virgin  in  that  ancient  city.  It  is 
about  four  feet  high,  and  the  beautifully 
modelled  face  is  most  distinctly  English  in 
appearance,  the  clothing,  too,  betraying  the 
same  origin.  The  bonnet  upon  and  around 
the  face  exactly  resembles  a  Somerset  sun- 
bonnet  such  as  country  people  use  to  this 
day  —  a  bonnet  which  has  recently  again  come 
into  fashion  at  our  home  seaside  places. 
This  figure  of  the  Virgin  appears  to  me  to 
date  from  about  the  time  of  our  Henry  VIII., 
and  was  probably  brought  to  Galicia  from 
England  in  Reformation  times.  Has  any 
one  before  observed  this  curious  anomaly 
in  Santiago  ?  and  is  any  account  extant 
explaining  how  an  English  altar  -figure 
found  a  resting-place  in  Galicia  ? 

J.  HARRIS  STONE. 


.    POTTINGER  OR  PORRINGER.  -  About 

1689  there  appeared  on  the  west  coast  of 
Scotland  a  vessel  commanded  by  a  man 
variously  named  Pottinger  or  Porringer, 
and  described  as  "an  English  pirate." 
Along  with  him  was  a  Major  Ferguson. 
Can  any  one  direct  me  to  sources  of  informa- 
tion regarding  him  and  his  expedition  ? 

W.  J.  C. 

JEREMIAH  RICH'S  WORKS.  —  I  should  feel 
much  indebted  to  any  of  your  readers  who 
would  inform  me  where  the  following  works 
by  Rich  may  be  seen,  or,  if  need  be,  pur- 
chased :  — 

1.  Jeremiah's     Contemplations     on     Jeremiah's 
Lamentations,  or  England's  Miseries  Matcht  with 
Sion's    Elegies.     London,    1648.  —This    is    in    the 
Bodleian  Catalogue,  but  not  in  the  Library. 

2.  Mellificium  Musarum  :    The  Marrow  of   the 
Muses.    London,  1650.—  There  is  an  imperfect  copy 
in  the  Brit.  Mus.  Library. 

3.  The  Mirrour  of  Mercy  in  the  Midst  of  Misery  : 
or  Life  Triumphant  in  Death.     London,  1654.—  An 
imperfect  copy  is  noted  by  Mr.  Hazlitt,  but  he  does 
not  give  any  indication  of  its  locality. 

A.  T.  WRIGHT. 
22,  Chancery  Lane,  W.C. 

MRS.  SWALE,  1761-1845.  —  Can  any  one 
put  me  in  the  way  of  obtaining  information 
about  this  lady  ? 

Charlotte  Swale,  nee  Spencer,  the  daughter 
of  Hugh  Spencer,  was  baptized  in  1761  at 
St.  James's,  Bury  St.  Edmunds  ;  she 
married  Christopher  William  Swale  at 
St.  James's,  Westminster,  on  1  January, 


1789,  and  died  17  January,  1845.  She  was 
originally  a  dresser  to  H.R.H.  the  Duchess 
of  York,  over  whom  she  exercised  a  singular 
influence,  and  through  the  Duke,  her  hus- 
band was  given  a  position  in  the  General 
Post  Office.  Mrs.  Swale  was  on  terms  of 
intimacy  with  the  Benjafields  of  Bury  St.. 
Edmunds,  Mrs.  Brand  of  Polstead  Hall, 
near  Colchester,  and  Bunbury  the  carica- 
turist. 

Mr.  Swale,  born  in  1750,  died  in  January, 
1831,  at  Layham  in  Suffolk,  and  was  buried 
at  Polstead.  He  had  a  brother  Thomas  who 
lived  at  Mildenhall,  near  Bury. 

At  Polstead  Churchyard  are  also  buried 
Frederick  Spencer  and  his  wife  Harriet 
Howard,  brother  and  sister-in-law  to  Mrs. 
Swale.  They  had  a  little  girl  who  died  in 
infancy  at  Betchworth  in  Surrey. 

The  Swales  lived  successively  at  36, 
Somerset  Street,  Portman  Square  ;  82,  Baker 
Street ;  and  32,  Duke  Street,  Manchester 
Square,  while  in  London.  Mrs.  Swale  waa 
famous  for  her  beauty,  and  her  daughters 
at  the  garden  parties  at  Chiswick  and 
elsewhere  were  called  the  "Brace  of  Part- 
ridges. w 

Is  there  any  mention  of  this  lady  in  the 
current  literature  of  the  time  ?  There  is  in 
existence  a  crayon  sketch  of  her  by  one 
William  Vine,  whose  identity  I  cannot  trace. 

WILLIAM  BULL. 

Vencourt,  King  Street,  Hammersmith. 

ROMA  AUREA. — It  is  said  that  Augustus 
transformed  the  City  of  the  Seven  Hills 
from  brick  into  marble,  and  that  Pius  IV. 
during  his  short  pontificate  (1559-66)  made 
it  golden.  A  contemporary  poet  has  well 
expressed  these  changes  in  two  lines  :— 

Marmoream  me  fecit,  eram  cum  terrea,  Caesar ; 
Aurea  sub  quarto  sum  modo  facta  Pio. 

I  should  be  pleased  to  learn  the  writer's, 
name,  for  I  have  sought  it  in  vain. 

JOHN  T.  CURRY. 

SCOTTISH  EMIGRANTS'   OATH  OF  ALLEGI- 
ANCE.— It  was  a  well-authenticated  historical  j 
fact  among  the  Scots  in  North  Carolina  that 
for   quite  a   long  time  after   the  battle  o 
Culloden  all  Scots  emigrants  on  leaving  f< 
America  were  required  to  take  a  very  solemn  i 
oath   of   allegiance   to    the   British   Crown 
There    has    been    considerable    controvers 
on  the  part  of  historians  in  North  Carolir 
as  to  why  a  large  number  of  Scots  settl 
were    Royalists    during    the    Revolutionary 
War.     Some  of  my  ancestors  were  Royahs 
and   some   fought   with   the  rebels ;    while 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  24, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


249 


others  refused  to   take  either  side  in  tha 
conflict,  for  the  reason  that  their  sympathie 

,  were  entirely  with  the  latter,  but  they  coul 
not  violate  the  very  solemn  oath  taken  b 
them  on  leaving  Scotland  by  bearing  arm 
against  the  British  Government. 

I  should  be  much  obliged  if  any  readers  o 

i  your  valued  publication  could  give  the  tex 
of  the  oath  or  refer  me  to  any  authorit 
whence  I  could  obtain  it.  I  am  led  to  under 

I  stand  that  the  oath  was  taken  after   171 

',  and    1745,    until   the   independence   of   th 

;  American  Colonies  was  declared. 

A.  W.  MCLEAN. 

LIMERICK  GLOVE  IN  A  WALNUT  SHELL. — 
In  a  paragraph  on  the  'Transformation  o 
the    Locust '    in    The    Penny    Magazine    o 
1845  (vol.  xiv.  p.   16),  quoted  from  '  Notes 
and    Sketches    of    New    South    Wales,'    b 
;  Mrs.  Charles  Meredith,  is  the  following  : — 

"0"  .the  back  of  the  new-born  creature  lie  tw 

I  small  bits  of  membrane,  doubled  and  crumpled  uj 

!m  a  thousand  puckers,  like  a  Limerick  glove  in  a 

walnut-shell." 

What  is  the  meaning  of  the  allusion  to 
Limerick  glove  in  a  walnut  shell  ? 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

MARIE  HTJBER. — This  lady — who  was 
born  at  Geneva,  according  to  one  authority 
in  1694,  to  another  in  1710,  and,  according 
to  both,  died  at  Lyons  in  1753— published 
in  1731  '  Le  Monde  fou  prefere  au  Monde 
Was  this  book  translated  into 
English  anonymously,  alike  as  to  author  and 
translator,  and  published  in  1736  as  'The 
World  Unmask'd  ;  or,  The  Philosopher  the 
i  Greatest  Cheat ?  ?  The  late  WILLIAM  BATES 
jpropounded  this  problem  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  in 
1857  (2  S.  iii.  334),  but,  apparently,  obtained 
;no  satisfaction.  Will  some  owner  of  the 
(French  book  kindly  transcribe,  say,  the 
(opening  sentence  of  the  text,  and  by  sending 
t  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  enable  me  to  settle  the  point  ? 

CHARLES  HIGHAM. 
169,  Grove  Lane,  Camberwell,  S.E. 

ROBERT   CHURCHE,    c.    1600.— The    '  His- 

ie  of  the  Troubles  of  Hungarie  '  (London, 

DO),  by  Martin  Fumee,   Lord  of  Genille", 

translated    into    English    by    "  R.    C., 

orentleman,"  who,  according  to  the  Epistle 

the  Reader,   "had  been  a  trauailer  "  to 

tt  country.     His  "  aboade  there  was  not 

*g,     so  he  had   "  but  superficially  noted 

J  manners  and  disposition  of  the  people 

*e,     and     especially     in     their     martiall 

taires,  wherein  "  he  spent  his  "  time  with 

ie  observation  of  those  parts.'*     Accord- 

the  British  Museum  Catalogue,  the 


translator  was  Robert  Churche,  but  I 
cannot  find  him  in  the  '  D.N.B.*  Is  anything 
else  known  about  him  ?  L.  L.  K. 

BTJRNTISLAND  :  ITS  DERIVATION. — How 
did  the  name  of  this  seaport,  which  is  so 
misleading  to  strangers,  come  to  be  formed  ? 

N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

[The  Rev.  J.  B.  Johnston,  in  the  second  edition 
of  his  '  Place-Names  of  Scotland,'  says  :  "  1538-1710, 
Bruntisland.  Said  to  be  fr.  the  burning  (burnt,  in 
So.  brunt,  O.E.  and  O.N.  brinnan,  to  burn)  of  a  few 
fishermen's  huts  on  an  islet  to  the  west  of  the 
present  harbour,  leading  them  to  settle  on  the 
mainland."] 

ALLERTON,  LANCS,  AND  HARDMAN  FAMILY. 
—  I  am  preparing  a  history  of  the  manor 
of  Allerton,  and,  in  particular,  a  detailed 
account  of  the  numerous  attempts  by  per- 
sons of  the  name  of  Hardman  to  obtain  pos- 
session of  the  valuable  estates  as  heirs  of 
John  and  James  Hardman,  who  were  co- 
owners  of  the  manor,  and  whose  issue  failed. 
From  1759  to  quite  recent  years  the  Hard- 
man pedigree  case  was  a  cause  celebre,  and 
various  genealogists,  including  a  Mr.  Sprye, 
endeavoured  to  trace  the  heir.  I  am  aware, 
I  believe,  of  all  that  is  in  print  about  these 
curious  claims,  and  I  have  also  been  allowed 
to  see  many  local  deeds.  I  shall,  however, 
glad  of  any  further  information,  which 
may  be  sent  direct. 

R.  STEWART-BROWN,  M.A. 
34,  Castle  Street,  Liverpool. 

GOWER  FAMILY  OF  WORCESTERSHIRE. — 
[n  Nichols's  '  Antiquities  and  Annals  of  the 
County  Families  of  Wales  *  it  is  stated,  in 
the  article  dealing  with  the  family  of  Gower 
of    Castle   Malgwyn,  Pembroke,    that   Abel 
Gower    of    Boughton    St.    John,    Worcester 
who  died  1669),  was  "  second  cousin  to  the 
first  Lord  Gower." 

Being  a  descendant  of  Abel  Gower,  I 
lave  endeavoured  to  trace  the  connexion 
)etween  the  Worcestershire  family  and  the 
amily  now  represented  by  the  Duke  of 
Sutherland,  but  without  success.  The  pedi- 
ree of  the  Worcestershire  family  is  given 
n  the  Worcestershire  Visitation  of  1569, 
iid  apparently  there  is  no  near  connexion 
•etween  the  two  families,  at  least  in  the 
nale  line.  Their  arms  are  moreover  differ  - 
nt.  I  shall  be  glad  to  receive  any  informa- 
ion  on  the  matter. 

I  shall  also  be  glad  to  be  referred  to 
eferences  to  the  Worcestershire  family. 

am    acquainted  with   those  in  Nash   and 
Habingdon.  R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 

Ferndale  Lodge,  Tunbridge  Wells. 


250 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  24, 1910. 


FLINT  FIRELOCKS  IN  THE  CRIMEAN 
WAR. 

(11  S.  ii.  168,  214.) 

IN  '  The  Encyclopaedia  Britannica,?  10th  ed., 
vol.  xxix.  (1902),  p.  159,  we  read  : — 

"In  1834,  in  the  reign  of  William  IV.,  Forsyth's 
[the  Rev.  Alexander  John  Forsyth's]  invention  was 
tested  at  Woolwich  by  firing  6,000  rounds  from  six 
flint-lock  muskets,  and  a  similar  number  from  six 
percussion  muskets  in  all  weathers.  This  trial 
established  the  percussion  principle In  conse- 
quence of  this  successful  trial  the  military  flint-lock 
in  1839  was  altered  to  suit  the  percussion  principle." 
Then  follows  a  description  of  the  manner  of 
converting  the  flint-lock  to  the  hammer  and 
nipple  for  the.  copper  percussion  cap. 

"In  1842  a  new  model  percussion  musket  with  a 
block  or  back-sight  for  150  yards  was  issued  to  the 
British  army,  11  Ib.  6ozs.  in  weight,  4ft.  6|in.  in 
length  without  bayonet,  6ft.  with  bayonet,  and 
with  a  barrel  3  ft.  3  in.  in  length,  firing  a  bullet  14J 

to  the  Ib.  with  4£drs.  of  powder This  percussion 

musket  of  1842,  the  latest  development  of  the 
renowned  Brown  Bess,  continued  in  use  in  the 
British  army  until  partially  superseded  in  1851  by 
the  Mini4  rifle,  and  altogether  by  the  Entield  in 
1855." 

How  a  Government  department  can  treat 
an  inventor  may  be  read  in  the  '  Dictionary 
of  National  Biography,''  s.v.  Forsyth,  Alex- 
ander John,  whose  invention  had  been  offered 
to  the  Ordnance  Department  many  years 
before  1839. 

If  I  remember  rightly,  a  militia  staff 
sergeant  who  taught  me  rifle-shooting  about 
forty-eight  years  ago  told  me  that  a  common 
way  of  loading  the  smoothbore  musket  had 
been  to  put  a  bitten  cartridge  into  the  muzzle, 
and  then  bang  the  butt -end  on  the  ground 
without  using  the  ram  rod  at  all. 

Perhaps  it  was  the  same  man  who  told  me 
that  when  firing  the  old  flint-lock  muskets 
soldiers  would  turn  their  faces  aside,  lest 
their  eyes  should  be  injured  by  the  splash 
of  the  priming.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

The  subjoined  extract  may  interest  your 
correspondents.  It  is  taken  from  The 
Illustrated  London  News  of  26  May,  1855  : — 

"BROWN  BESS  AND  THE  MINIE  RIFLE.— I  am 
glad  it  is  in  ray  power  to  give  a  satisfactory 
explanation  of  a  point  respecting  the  Guards,  which 
has  struck  many  as  somewhat  mysterious.  The 
fresh  draughts  came  out  with  Brown  Bess,  and,  as 
the  older  soldiers  are  armed  with  Minies,  the  con- 
fusion of  the  two  weapons  in  one  and  the  same 
corps  seemed  dangerous  to  their  efficacy  in  battle. 
Upon  inquiry  in  the  proper  quarters  I  find  that  the 
men  were  sent  out  on  purpose  with  their  drill  mus- 
kets, because  at  least  15,000  Minies  of  the  killed 


and  non-effective  —  in  short,  of  the  army  that 
perished  during  the  winter — are  in  store  at  Bala- 
clava. Yesterday  and  to-day  detachments  of  the 
new  arrivals  were  marched  down  to  the  store,  and 
exchanged  their  smooth-bores  for  Minies ;  and  in 
another  day  or  two  the  whole  qf  the  corps  will  be 
provided  with  that  formidable  weapon.  It  is 
intended  to  distribute  the  smooth-bore  percussion 
muskets  to  the  Turks,  in  lieu  of  their  clumsy  fire- 
Locks  ;  and  I  can  only  hope  that  in  the  distribution 
of  these  favours  the  brave  and  hardy  Egyptian 
troops  will  have  the  preference.  Indeed,  it  would 
well  pay  if  the  Egyptian  sharpshooters  were  pro- 
vided with  Minies."— Letter  from  Kadikoi,  May  7 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

POPE  ADRIAN  IV.' s  RING  AND  THE 
EMERALD  ISLE  (11  S.  ii.  208). — John  of 
Salisbury  in  the  last  chapter  of  the  sixth  [  ?] 
book  of  the  '  Metalogicus  l  breaks  off  into 
a  noble  lament  for  the  death  of  Pope  Adrian. 
He  says  : — 

"  And  when  he  was  Pontiff  he  delighted  to  have 
me  sit  at  his  own  table,  and  insisted,  despite  my 
resistance,  that  we  should  dine  from  a  common 
cup  and  platter.  It  was  at  my  prayer  that  he  gave 
and  conceded  to  the  illustrious  King  of  England, 
Henry  II.,  Ireland  to  be  possessed  by  hereditary 
right ;  for  by  ancient  right,  according  to  the  Dona- 
tion of  Constantino,  all  islands  are  said  to  belong 
to  the  Roman  church.  Through  me,  too,  did  the 
Pope  transmit  a  golden  ring  decked  with  a  single 
emerald,  with  which  the  King's  investiture  was  to 
be  completed." 

See  Pope  'Adrian  IV.,*  by  J.  D.  Mackie, 
.1907.  W.  B.  GERISH. 

Bishop's  Stortford. 

In  1155  John  of  Salisbury  carried  back 
from  Rome  Adrian's  bull  authorizing  the 
King  to  go  forth  upon  his  conquest  of  Ireland. 
The  Pope  sent  with  the  bull  a  gold  ring, 
adorned  with  an  emerald  of  great  price,  as  a 
symbol  of  investiture  with  the  government 
of  the  island.  See  John  of  Salisbury's 
'Metalogicus/  1.  iv.  c.  42  (Giles,  vol.  v. 
p.  206). 

Dr.     William     Drennan     (1754-1820) 
claimed  as  the  first  Irish  poet  who  ever  called 
Ireland  by  the  name  of  the  Emerald  Isle. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

[C.  C.  J.  W.  also  refers  to  John  of  Salisbury.] 


ISLINGTON  HISTORIANS  (11  S.  ii.  187,  239). 
—John  Nichols,  F.S.A.  (1745-1826),  the 
head  of  the  firm  of  eminent  printers  (John 
Nichols  &  Son,  Red  Lion  Passage,  Fleet 
Street),  was  himself  the  father  of  Islington 
historians,  his  work  '  The  History  and 
Antiquities  of  Canonbury,  with  ?  some 
Account  of  the  Parish  of  Islington,'  pub- 
lished in  1788,  forming  the  basis  of  both 
Nelson's  and  Lewis's  later  works.  Nichols 
certainly  printed  John  Nelson's  l  History  of 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  24,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


251 


Islington,'  published  by  subscription  in  1811  ; 
but  there  is  nothing  to  show  that  Nichols 
provided  the  material  for  it  in  the  manner 
inferred  by  MB.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS.  In  his 
preface  John  Nelson  remarks  that  in 
justice  to  himself  it  must  be  observed  that 
' '  the  materials  for  the  present  work  were 
for  the  most  part  collected  and  prepared 
for  the  press  "-  during  his  hours  of  relaxation 
from  mercantile  pursuits.  He  greatly 
laments  that,  when  trying  to  collect  original 
information,  he  did  not  always  meet  with 
the  attention  which  he  nattered  himself 
the  subject  deserved  ;  but  amongst  those 
whom  he  thanks  for  having  given  him  some 
information  he  includes  John  Nichols,  Esq., 
*'  the  warm  friend  and  promoter  of  anti- 
quarian research." 

Samuel  Lewis  the  younger,  who  died  in 
1862,  was  not  "  the  son  of  the  liev.  S.  Lewis, 
a  very  popular  local  clergyman, n  as  stated 
by  MR.  ABRAHAMS,  but  the  son  of  Samuel 
Lewis  the  publisher,  who  carried  on  business 
successively  in  Aldersgate  Street,  Hatton 
Garden,  and  Finsbury  Place  South,  under  the 
style  of  S.  Lewis  &  Co.  His  best-known 
publications  were  a  series  of  topographical 
•dictionaries  edited  by  Joseph  Haydn,  and 
ral  atlases  of  various  counties,  Parlia- 
mentary Divisions,  Poor  Law  Unions,  &c., 
of  the  United  Kingdom. 

Samuel  Lewis  the  younger,  the  object  of 
MR.  ABRAHAMS' s  inquiry,  who  wrote  '  The 
History  and  Topography  of  the  Parish  of 
St.  Mary,  Islington,'  4to,  London,  1842, 
admits  in  his  preface  "  the  foundation  of  the 
present  work "  to  be  the  history  of  Mr. 
Nelson,  although  he  has  "almost  entirely" 
rewritten  the  former  by  reference  to  the 
British  Museum  and  other  libraries;  while 
he  thanks  a  number  of  private  individuals 
for  having  allowed  him  to  inspect  their 
collections,  John  Nichols  being  thanked 
for  the  use  of  heraldic  drawings,  Lewis 
further  remarks  that  Nelson's  work,  which 
he  used  for  his  foundation,  was  almost 
entirely  compiled  from  John  Nichols's 
'History  of  Canonbury  ?  and  Mr.  Lysons's 
*  Environs.'  Lewis  also  wrote  '  Islington 
as  It  Was  and  as  It  Is,'  8vo,  London,  1854  ; 
and  '  The  Book  of  English  Rivers  :  an  account 
of  the  Rivers  of  England  and  Wales,'  8vo, 
London,  1855.  He  died  at  Priory  Villas, 
Canoribury,  on  4  May,  1862,  having  married 
Jane  Burn  Suter  in  1859.  See  Mr.  Gordon 
Goodwin's  article  in  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,' 
vol.  xxxiii.  p.  195. 

John  Nichols  was  a  great  collector  of 
manuscripts  and  antiquities  left  by  rother 
antiquaries.  He  gave  some  of  his  manu- 


scripts, particularly  Swift's  letters,  to  the 
British  Museum  ;  but  his  library  and  some 
books  from  another  library  were  sold  by 
Mr.  Sotheby  on  16  April,  1828,  and  the  three 
following  days,  and  realized  952Z.  See  note 
by  G.  A.  Aitken,  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  vol.  xli. 
pp.  2-5.  G.  YARROW  BALDOCK. 

EARL  OF  ARUNDEL'  s  BROTHER  AND 
UNCLE  ARRESTED  (11  S.  ii.  208).  —  Lord 
Henry  Howard  (1540-1614),  created  Earl  of 
Northampton  in  1604,  second  son  of  Henry 
Howard,  Earl  of  Surrey,  the  poet,  was 
arrested  in  1572,  his  brother  Thomas,  fourth 
Duke  of  Norfolk,  having  declared  in  his 
confession  that  Howard  was  himself  first 
proposed  as  a  Suitor  for  the  hand  of  Mary, 
Queen  of  Scots.  Howard  was  eventually 
set  at  liberty,  but  rearrested  in  1582  on 
charges  of  heresy  and  treasonable  corre- 
spondence with  the  Scottish  queen.  He 
was  soon  set  free  ;  but  sent  to  the  Fleet 
in  1583  for  the  "seeming  heresies  li  and 
treason  supposed  to  be  found  in  his  book 
entitled  '  A  Preservative  against  the  Poison 
of  Supposed  Prophecies,'  a  learned  attack 
upon  judicial  astrology.  He  was  ultimately 
sent  on  parole  to  the  house  of  Sir  Nicholas 
Bacon  at  Redgrave,  whence  on  19  July, 
1585,  he  wrote  to  Burghley,  begging  per- 
mission to  visit  the  wells  at  Warwick  for 
the  benefit  of  his  health.  He  was  soon 
set  at  liberty.  See  '  D.N.B.'  (original  edi- 
tion), xxviii.  29. 

Lord  William  Howard  (1563-1640),  Scott's 
"  Belted  Will,"  third  son  of  the  fourth  Duke 
of  Norfolk,  and  half-brother  of  Philip,  first 
Earl  of  Arundel  of  the  Howard  family,  was 
imprisoned  with  Arundel  in  1583,  owing  to 
his  Romanist  proclivities,  and  joined  the 
Church-  of  Rome  in  1584.  He  was  again 
imprisoned  in  1585,  when  his  brother  tried 
to  leave  the  kingdom,  but  was  not  arraigned 
with  him,  and  was  released  in  1586.  See 
'D.N^B.,'  xxviii.  79.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 


[MR.  J.  B.  WAINEWBIGHT  also  refers  to  the 
'D.N.B.'] 

MAJOR  HUDSON  OR  HODSON  AT  ST. 
HELENA  (11  S.  ii.  169).  —  The  name  is  spelt 
"Hodson"'  in  all  authorities  I  have  seen. 
He  is  only  once  mentioned  in  O'Meara's 
'  Napoleon  in  Exile,'  i.  433  :— 

"  Major  Hodson  paid  a  visit  to  Countess  Bertrand. 
Informed  her  that  both  himself  and  his  wife  would 
be  most  happy  to  call  frequently  upon  her;  but 
that  insinuations  had  been  made  to  him  that  it 
would  not  be  liked  at  Plantation  House." 

Hodson  was  no  doubt  in  the  East  India 
Company's  service,  and  seems  to  have 
lived  .for  many  years  at  St.  Helena.  On 


252 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       en  s.  11.  SEPT.  24, 1910. 


20  November,  1811,  Capt.  Robert  George 
Hodson  was  appointed  Major  on  the  Military 
Establishment  of  the  island.  He  was  pro- 
moted to  be  Lieutenant-Colonel  on  the  same 
Establishment  on  12  August,  1819.  In 
1832  he  was  still  in  St.  Helena,  and  holding 
the  office  of  Judge  Advocate  on  the  Military 
Establishment  there.  W.  SCOTT. 

LEO  XIII.'s  LATIN  VEBSES  (11  S.  i.  369, 
418). — The  touching  poem  in  Latin  which 
was  composed  by  the  venerable  Pope  Leo 
XIII.  during  his  last  illness  (1903),  and 
entitled  '  Nocturna  ingemiscentis  animse 
meditatio,'  may  be  rendered  into  English 
almost  literally  as  follows  : — 

NIGHT  THOUGHTS   OP  A  BURDENED   SOUI» 

Thy  destined  hour,  Leo,  draweth  nigh, 

And  thou  must  fare  on  the  eternal  road 

To  thy  deserts.     What  lot  awaits  thee  there  ? 

The  gifts  a  generous  God  bestowed  might  bid 

Thee  hope  for  heaven  ;   but  the  keys  and  load 

Of  weighty  office,  borne  so  many  years, 

Now  make  thee  groan  in  retrospect.     Ah  me  ! 

Whoso  is  raised  to  lofty  rank  and  place 

Above  his  fellows,  must  abide  therefor 

Account  the  more  severe.     While  thus  with  fear 

I  tremble,  the  sweet  thought,  and  sweeter  voice 

Of  comfort,  to  my  soul  thus  speak  :   "  What  dread 

So  great  thee  daunts  ?     Why  broodest  thou  so  sad 

O'er  Memory's  long  past  ?     Christ  is  at  hand 

All  pitiful :    He,  if  thou  only  trust 

And  humbly  ask,  will  wash  thy  guilt  away." 

A.  SMYTHE  PALMER. 

GUILDHALL:  OLD  STATUES  (11  S.  i.  208, 
333,  376).— W.  B.  H.'s  final  sentence  at  the 
second  reference  would  seem  to  infer  that  it 
might  have  been  possible  to  seek  for  these 
statues  at  Corfe  Castle,  had  they  not  been 
restored  to  the  City  at  the  death  of  Thomas 
Banks,  the  sculptor,  as  stated  in  Cassell's 
'  Old  and  New  London  *  (I  prefer  to  call  it 
Thornbury's  or  Walford's). 

But  he  forgets  that  the  castle  was  laid 
in  ruins  in  the  wars  between  King  Charles 
and  his  Parliament,  when,  after  a  long  and 
most  strenuous  defence  by  the  "  Brave 
Dame  Mary,"  Cromwell  himself  superin- 
tended the  final  assault,  and  ordered  the 
demolition  of  its  massive  buildings,  which 
he  took  care  to  see  was  well  done.  It  was 
a  place  of  immense  natural  strength,  and 
will  for  ever  remain  a  landmark  in  our 
national  history. 

These  statues,  therefore,  could  never  have 
found  a  home  at  Corfe  Castle,  though,  if 
Price's  be  the  correct  version,  they  may 
still,  perhaps,  be  looked  for  at  Kingston 
Lacy,  near  Wimborne,  the  seat  of  the  present 
head  of  the  Bankes  family,  where  is  en- 


shrined a  magnificent  collection  of  paintings 
and  other  works  of  art.  An  inquiry  there 
might  settle  this  question. 

May  I  conclude  with  a  query  ?  Was 
there  any  relationship  between  Thomas 
Banks  the  sculptor  and  Henry  Bankes  the 
M.P.  ?  J.  S.  UDAL,  F.S.A. 

Antigua,  W.I. 

MAGAZINE  STORY  OF  A  DESERTER  (US. 
ii.  129). — Harold  Frederic,  the  novelist, 
wrote  a  book  entitled  'The  Deserter,  and 
other  Stories,'  published  at  Boston  in  1898. 
It  is  possible  that  the  title-story  may  have 
appeared  in  some  London  or  American  maga- 
zine previous  to  being  issued  in  book-form. 
Harper's  or  Scribner's  might  be  a  likely  place 
to  look  for  Frederic's  work.  W.  S.  S. 

"STAPLE"  IN  PLACE-NAMES  (11  S.  ii. 
128,  191). — It  would  seem  from  PROF. 
SKEAT'S  welcome  communication  that  my 
suggestion  (originated  by  a  high  authority 
on  Notts  history)  that  Stapleford  drew  its 
name  from  the  existing  pre-Norman  mono- 
lith is  unsound.  I  merely,  however,  ad- 
vanced the  idea  as  a  point  of  sufficient 
interest  to  warrant  the  invitation  of  infor- 
mation likely  to  prove  or  disprove  it,  the 
only  desire  being  to  get  at  the  truth.  Though 
not  personally  equipped  for  philological 
discussions,  I  am  bound  to  say  that  the 
suggestion  that  the  A.-S.  stapol,  a  wooden 
post,  might  conceivably  have  extended  also 
to  a  stone  post  or  pillar,  did  not  strike  me 
as  extravagant. 

I  will  conclude  with  two  brief  extracts 
from  old  volumes  of  '  N.  &  Q.,'  though  I 
have  neglected  to  preserve  the  references. 
The  first  note  seems  to  favour  the  Notts 
theory ;  the  second  note  discourages  the 
derivation  of  "  staple n  favoured  by  the 
author  of  '  The  Stapeltons  of  Yorkshire  '  :— 

"  About  two  miles  from  Christchurch,  in 
Hampshire,  near  the  village  of  Burton,  are  the 
remains  of  the  Staple  Cross." 

"  There  are  seven  places  called  Stapleton,  and 
seven  places  called  Stapleford,  none  of  which  are 
market-towns .' ' 

A.  STAPLETON. 

It  may  be  of  some  interest  to  the  querist 
to  learn  that  the  town  of  Langholm  in 
Dumfriesshire  was  anciently  known  as 
Staplegorton  or  Stapelgorton.  The  date 
when  it  was  so  called  was  about  1180. 
appears  as  Stabilgortoun  in  1493.  In  con- 
nexion with  the  name  the  following  remarks 
occur  in  Johnston's  '  Place-Names  of  Scot- 
land * :  "In  Middle  English  a  '  staple  '  is  a 
mart  or  market  (compare  Barnstaple). 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  24,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


253 


Gorton  is  probably  Gaelic  gort,  a  garden  + 
English  -ton  (compare  Linton).'1 

I  am  not  aware  of  any  pillar  or  old  cross 
having  been  in  Langholm.  SCOTUS. 

The  old  broken  Anglo  -  Saxon  pillar  at 
Stapleford  is  interesting,  not  as  giving  the 
name  to  Stapleford,  but  as  having  carved 
on  it  the  attributes  of  St.  Luke,  a  winged 
bull's  head  ;  and  as  Old  St.  Luke's  Day  is 
the  day  on  which  Stapleford  Wake  is  held, 
the  true  dedication  of  the  church  is  probably 
to  St.  Luke,  and  not  to  St.  Helen,  as  it  is  now 
said  to  be.  ,  T.  S.  M. 

^MESOPOTAMIA  :  "  THAT  BLESSED  WOBD 
,  MESOPOTAMIA"  (11  S.  i.  369,  458).— What 
;  appears  to  be  a  free  paraphrase  of  Garrick's 
;  description  of  Whiten  eld's  power  of  oratory, 

and  indicates  the  strange  fascination  exer- 
j  cised  by  this  word  on  a  religious  audience, 
i  is  to  be  found  in  Maxwell  Gray's  masterly 

piece  of  fiction,  '  The  Silence  of  Dean  Mait- 

land.'     It  occurs  in  Part  III.  chap.  iv.  : — 

"  It  was  said  of  the  Bishop  of  Bedminster  that 
I  he  could  pronounce  the  mysterious  word  *  Meso- 
potamia '  in  such  a  manner  as  to  affect  his 
auditors  to  tears  ;  but  of  the  dean  it  might  be 
averred  that  his  pronunciation  of  '  Mesopotamia  ' 
caused  the  listeners'  hearts  to  vibrate  with 
every  sorrow  and  every  joy  they  had  ever  known, 
all  in  the  brief  space  of  tune  occupied  by  the  utter- 
ance of  that  affecting  word." 

N.  W.  HILL. 
New  York. 

WINDSOR  STATIONMASTEB  (US.  ii.  68,  114, 
136). — Thanks  to  your  correspondent's  kind 
help,  I  have  found  what  I  wanted.  The 
book  is  catalogued  under  '  Struggles  '  in  the 
British  Museum  Library,  and  the  author's 
name  is  given  as  H.  Simmons.  L.  L.  K. 

CHARLES  II.  AND  HIS  FUBBS  YACHT 
(11  S.  ii.  107,  171).— This  vessel  afterwards 
played  an  interesting  part  in  the  latter 
portion  of  the  reign  of  Charles's  brother, 
as  may  be  seen  by  one  or  two  references  in 
contemporary  letters  in  the  Earl  of  Dart- 
mouth's collection  (see  Hist.  MSS.,  Report 
XV.,  part  i.  pp.  70,  127,  138).  The  first 
Jterence  is  contained  in  a  letter  from 
Francis  Gwyn  to  Lord  Dartmouth,  dated 
from  London,  12  Nov.,  1683  :— 

"On  Wednesday  last  the  King  sent  Griffins,  who 
s  in  waiting,  to  the  Grand  Prior,  to  command 
i  to  leave  England  in  twenty-four  hours;  after 
ie  dispute  he  absolutely  refused  to  go  upon  so 
a  warmpK.  as  he  did  likewise  a  second  mes- 
sage.   But  Friday  night  he  resolved  to  go,  and  on 

£f£r?ayull!?rning,  the,?hu^'8  yftcht>   ^r  luck's 
sake,  took  him  on  board  for  Dieppe." 


Five  years  afterwards,  on  16  Dec.,  1688, 
Sir  Richard  Beach  wrote  to  Lord  Dart- 
mouth : — 

"I  have  been  informed  that  there  is  a  titular 
bishop  and  some  priests  that  intend  to  embark 
themselves  on  the  Phubbs  with  my  Lady  Scott. 
I  have  therefore  desired  Sir  William  Jennings  to 
search  for  them  before  &he  sails,  and  if  he  finds  any 
such  persons  on  board  to  secure  them,  and  acquaint 
your  Lordship  with  it,  and  dispose  of  them  accord- 
ing to  your  Lordship's  order,  for  if  they  should  be 
permitted  to  go  along  with  my  Lady  Scott,  I  fear 
there  would  be  reflections  made  on  it  to  your  Lord- 
ship's prejudice." 

On  28  Dec.,  1688,  Lord  Dartmouth  wrote  as 
follows  to  Mr.  Secretary  Pepys  : — 

"  Not  knowing  his  Highness'  intentions  of  keep- 
ing the  yachts  at  home,  to  answer  some  sudden 
occasion  he  has  himself  for  them,  I  ordered  the 
Fubbs  to  Guernsey  with  my  lady  Scott  and  her 

family As  to  my  orders  to  the  Fubbs  yacht  for 

going  to  Guernsey,  they  were  not  issued  till  after 
I  heard  his  Majesty  had  absented  himself  from 
London  in  order  to  his  leaving  the  kingdom." 

George  Legge,  Lord  Dartmouth,  was  the 
admiral  who  went  out  with  a  fleet  to  intercept 
William  of  Orange.  Failing  to  do  this,  he 
was  sent  to  the  Tower,  where  he  died  in  1691. 

WM.  NORMAN. 

The  little  public  -  house  in  Brewhouse 
Lane,  Greenwich,  has  on  its  signboard 
"  Fubb's  Yacht,"  and  is  so  styled  in  an 
official  list  of  houses  published  a  few  years 
ago  by  the  licensing  bench  ;  but  it  should 
be  "The  Fubbs  Yacht,"-  named  after  a 
vessel  of  about  100  tons  with  a  crew  of 
thirty  all  told.  She  was  built  at  Deptford 
by  one  of  the  Petts,  and  called  the  Fubbs, 
perhaps  from  her  peculiar  build  ;  she  was 
altered  at  Woolwich,  and  broken  up  there 
in  the  reign  of  William  III.  She  is  often 
mentioned  in  the  literature  of  the  period, 
sometimes  as  the  Phubbs  (see  Historical 
MSS.  Com.,  Report  XV.,  pp.  70,  127,  138). 
She  was  constantly  employed  in  conveying 
members  of  the  Court,  ambassadors,  &c. 
(see  Lediard,  '  Naval  History  of  England/ 

?.  926  ;  The  Daily  Advertiser,  18  Oct.,  1743). 
have  many  extracts  from  her  early  log- 
books—the earliest,  I  think,  1  Jan.,  1717/18. 
It  may  interest  MB.  PHILIP  NOBMAN  to 
know  that  one  of  her  captains,  Thomas 
Limeburner,  died  9  Dec.,  1750,  and  was 
buried  in  St.  Margaret's,  Lee.  In  the 
register  he  is  described  as  "  Captain  of  his 
Majesty's  Yacht  the  Fubbs,  late  of  this 
Parish  (a  worthy  inhabitant),  but  at  his 
death  of  Lewisham  n  (Duncan,  '  Registers 
of  St.  Margaret,  Lee,?  pp.  62,  75.  For  a 
brief  biography  see  Charnock,  '  Biographia 
NavahV  v.  44). 


254 


.NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii-s.  11.  SEPT.  24, 1910. 


We  are  not  dealing  altogether  with  the 
history  of  the  yacht,  however,  and  as  regards 
the  little  public -house  named  after  her,  if 
not  contemporary  with  the  yacht,  it  is  very 
old,  but  has  no  local  history  of  interest. 
I  have  a  copy  of  an  advertisement  in  which 
the  erroneous  possessive  form  occurs  : — 

"  Such  Ladies  or  Gentlemen  as  may  wish  for  a 
•sight  of  LORD  NELSON'S  FUNERAL  PROCESSION  by 
WATER,  may  be  accommodated  with  Two  ROOMS, 
•close  by  the  River  Side,  at  Greenwich,  on  application 
at  Fubbs's  Yacht,  Brewhouse  Lane,  Greenwich." 

Some  years  ago  the  building  was  con- 
siderably damaged  by  fire,  and  the  appear- 
ance to-day  is  not  very  attractive. 

A.  RHODES. 

UsoNA=U.S.A.  (11  S.  ii.  148,  197). — 
With  reference  to  this  subject  Sir  Edward 
Clarke  has  written  to  me  thus  : — 

"  As  far  as  I  know,  the  first  suggestion  made  in 
England  that  'Usona'  (United  States  Of  North 
America)  would  be  the  appropriate  name  for  the 
United  States  was  made  by  me  at  the  Thanks- 
giving Day  Banquet  of  the  American  Society 
at  the  Hotel  Cecil  on  24  November,  1904.  That 
passage  from  my  speech  was  published  in  The 
Times  of  the  following  day.  I  did  not  invent 
(or  rather  discover)  the  word,  but  heard  it  at 
Toronto  during  my  trip  through  Canada  in  1903." 

J.  M.  D. 

THE  RULE  OF  THE  ROAD  (11  S.  ii.  161). 
— Is  not  Mr.  Mahaffy  wrong  in  saying  "  it 
was  desirable,  when  two  horses  were  passing 
on  the  road,  that  the  men  leading  them 
should  each  be  between  his  horse  and  the 
other  horse  and  man "  ?  He  is  arguing 
from  present-day  experience,  particularly 
in  hunting  districts,  of  the  convenient 
method  when  a  led  horse  meets  wheeled 
vehicles  on  a  made  road.  But  the  "rule 
of  the  road n  is  supposed  to  have  been 
made  in  pack-horse  days,  when  it  was  no 
question  of  leading  ' '  a  "  horse,  or  of  two 
horses  meeting,  but  when  the  horses  were  in 
strings.  Also,  the  pack-tracks  were  narrow, 
and  often  deeply  worn  troughs,  so  low  and  so 
miry  that  "high-way'1  and  "  hard -way  " 
were  used  as  distinctive  names  for  "  made  " 
roads.  We  know  that  the  left  side  of  the 
horse  has  long  been  the  "near"  side, 
because  the  man  leads  with  his  right  hand  ; 
and  we  know  that  pack-horse  trains  were 
so  apt  to  straggle  that  it  was  usual  to  have 
a  bell  on  the  leading  horse.  Most  of  the  old 
trackways  were  not  fenced,  but  were 
bordered  by  strips  of  wooded  or  open  country 
— sufficient,  at  any  rate,  to  enable  travelling 
horses  and  droves  of  cattle  to  pick  up  a  good 
deal  of  their  living  along  the  wayside.  The 


man  who  led  the  train  drew  over  to  the 
left,  that  he  might  walk  on  the  firmer  ground 
while  the  horses  plodded  in  the  worn  and 
often  dirty,  always  rough  track.  Suppose 
two  strings  of  horses  met.  Can  we  imagine 
each  of  the  leading  men  (he  would  have 
assistants  if  there  were  many  horses)  pushing 
over  his  horse  to  the  further  sides  of  the 
narrow  track,  then  going  along  the  line  to 
turn  the  others,  the  two  trains  of  horses 
passing  one  another  on  the  banks,  while  the 
men  struggled  in  the  deep  lane  between  ? 
I  think  that  when  there  was  meeting  in  a 
narrow  way  the  leaders  would  draw  their 
bell-horses  to  the  near  side,  and  call  over  the 
others  by  word  of  command.  The  pace  was 
very  slow,  and  the  horses  must  have  been 
too  hard-worked  to  be  very  frisky  when  laden. 
One  object  of  the  bells  was  to  give  notice 
to  trains  coming  in  the  opposite  direction, 
so  that  drovers  who  knew  the  road  would 
halt  where  there  was  a  good  pass,  rather 
than  push  on  to  meet  another  train  in  the 
narrow  ways.  When  a  laden  train  met  one 
that  was  travelling  "  light,"  the  latter 
gave  way. 

It  seems  to  me  that  our  rule  of  the  road 
comes  by  direct  descent  from  the  rule  of 
the  trackway.  H.  SNOWDEN  WARD; 

Hadlow,  Kent. 

VANISHING  LONDON:  PROPRIETARY 
CHAPELS  (US.  ii.  202).' — With  great  interest 
have  I  read  MR.  JOHN  C.  FRANCIS'S  contri- 
bution under  this  head,  and  had  hoped 
it  might  have  concluded  with  the  words 
"  To  be  continued."  May  I  venture  to  plead 
for  more  instructive  comments  ? 

A  propos  the  subject,  can  MR.  FRANCIS 
kindly  tell  us  about  Grosvenor  Chapel  in 
South  Audley  Street,  of  which  the  Rev. 
Ewart  Barter  is  the  "  officiating  minister  " 
Presumably,  it  is  also  a  proprietary  chapel 
upon  the  Grosvenor  property,  and  may  be 
scheduled  for  the  same  fate  as  Belgrave 
Chapel.  If  so,  defend  vis  from  more  flats 
upon  the  site  !  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

I  was  surprised  to  see  the  following 
extract  from  The  Daily  Telegraph,  referring 
to  Trinity  Chapel,  Knightsbridge,  reproduced 
in  '  N.  &  Q.'-  :— 

"  It  was  pulled  down  within  the  memory  of  all  of 
us,  and  the  site  added  to  the  French  Embassy  at 
Albert  Gate." 

This  is  an  obvious  inaccuracy,  and  I  ought 
to  know  something  about  the  matter,  for 
my  grandfather  was  buried  there,  and  the 
chapel  still  exists,  being  rebuilt  under  the 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  24, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


255 


name  of  Holy  Trinity  Church,  Knightsbridge. 
Dr,  Wilson  was  the  first  incumbent. 

BRUTUS.  . 

May  I  point  out  that  the  portion  of 
Bloomsbury  Street  referred  to  by  MB. 
FRANCIS  has  ceased  to  exist  as  such  ? 
Bloomsbury  Street  does  not  now  cross  New 
Oxford  Street,  as  described  in  Mr.  Wheatley's 
'  London  Past  and  Present.'  The  portion 
which  ran  south  from  that  street  to  Broad 
Street,  Bloomsbury,  has  become  the  north- 
westerly embouchure  of  Shaftesbury  Avenue, 
while  its  remaining  buildings  have  been 
embodied  in  that  thoroughfarei  Sir  Morton 
Peto's  "Bloomsbury  Chapel  with  its  two 
handsome  towers"  is  now  known  as  "The 
Baptist  Central  Church,  Bloomsbury."  It 
is  separated  from  the  Anglo-French  Pro- 
testant Church  of  the  Savoy  «by  the  girls' 
school — No.  233,  Shaftesbury  Avenue — 
bearing  an  entablature  with  the  inscription  : 
"  Westminster  French  Protestant  School  for 
Girls.  Supported  by  Voluntary  Contri- 
butions. Established  1747." 

G.  YARROW  BALDOCK. 

DICTIONARY  OF  MYTHOLOGY  (11  S.  ii. 
167). — Has  W.  G.  S.  consulted  the  following  ? 
Preller's  '  Griechische  Mythologie  '  (1888)  ; 
Gruppe's  '  Die  griechischen  Culte  und 
My  then  ' ;  Decharme's  '  Mythologie  de  la 
Grece  Antique  '  ;  and  Miss  Jane  E.  Har- 
rison's '  Prolegomena  to  the  Study  of  Greek 
Religion  '  (1903).  HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kennington  Lane. 

H.  A.  MAJOR  (11  S.  ii.  129).— One  of  this 
author's  dramas,  called  '  Primrose  Farm,' 
was  produced  at  the  Grecian  Theatre  in 
July,  1871.  I  believe  he  was  at  one  time  in 
the  service  of  the  Post  Office. 

WM.  DOUGLAS. 

A  publication  entitled  '  A  Sketch  from 
the  Louvre  :  a  Dramatic  Trifle,1  by  Henry 
Archibald  Major,  was  issued  in  London, 
1861,  8vo.  Four  years  later,  in  1865,  a 
volume  of  '  Poems  l  appeared,  also  published 
in  London,  from  the  pen  of  H.  Major — in 

il  likelihood  identical  with  Henry  Archibald 
Major.  w.  SCOTT. 

"  STORM  IN  A  TEACUP  "  (11  S.  ii.  86,  131, 

r3).-^MR.    W.    SCOTT   has   given    "about 

L854  "  as  the  date  of  a  Latin  lexicon,  pub- 

isned    in     America,     which    included     "a 

onpest  in  a   teapot  "—as  a  rendering  of 

Cicero  s  proverb,  and  has  suggested  that  this 

-ansatlantic  phrase  is  "the  source  out  of 

ich  '  storm  in  a  teacup  2  and  *  storm  in  a 


teapot l  have  arisen."  It  may  be  so,  but 
the  precise  inquiry  which  SIR  JAMES  MURRAY 
is  seeking  will  be  more  effectively  met  by 
the  statement  that  a  one-act  comedietta 
by  Bayle  Bernard,  entitled  'A  Storm ^ in  a 
Teacup,''  was  produced  (according  to  The 
Stage  "  Cyclopaedia,*  p.  428)  at  the  Princess's 
Theatre,  London,  on  20  March,  1854. 

ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

COWES  FAMILY  (11  S.  i.  508  ;  ii.  58,  97).— 
As  W.  S.  S.  has  not  met  with  the  family 
name  of  Cow  in  London  records  later  than 
1851,  he  may  be  interested  in  the  fact  that 
the  premises  of  a  firm  known  as  Cow,  Hill 
&  Co.,  situated  on  the  Surrey  side  of  the 
Thames,  were  destroyed  during  a  disastrous 
fire  in  the  summer  of  1881.  A.  firm  bearing 
this  name  will  also  be  found  in  this  year's 
'  London  Directory.1  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

ISAAC  WATTS' s  COLLATERAL  DESCENDANTS 
(US.  ii.  168). — Is  not  SIR  WILLIAM  BULL 
in  error  as  to  Dr.  Watts' s  second  sister, 
recorded  as  "Mary  No.  2"?  In  1887  I 
copied  the  following  from  the  memorial  which 
marks  the  grave  of  Dr.  Watts  in  Bunhill 
Fields  Burial-Ground : — 

"  Within  this  tomb  are  also  deposited  the  remains 
of  Sarah  Brackstone,  sister  to  the  Rev.  Dr.  Isaac 
Watts,  Obiit  13th  April,  1756." 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itehington,  Warwickshire. 

ARCHDEACONS  OF  HEREFORD  (11  S.  ii.  128). 
— Is  it  worth  while  calling  attention  to  the 
Rev.  Robert  Crowley,  who  figures  some- 
what prominently  as  an  author  in  '  The 
Fruits  of  Endowment,'  London,  1840  ?  A 
fellow  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  and  a 
strenuous  champion  of  the  Reformation, 
he  was  by  turns  divine,  printer,  bookseller, 
and  poet,  was  Archdeacon  of  Hereford,  and 
died  in  1588.  A  long  list  of  his  books  is 
recorded  in  '  The  Fruits  of  Endowment.' 
Perhaps  the  dates  of  some  of  them  might  be 
useful  for  the  purpose  of  the  query. 

SCOTUS. 

THE  "  SOVEREIGN  "  OF  KINSALE  (11  S.  ii. 
190). — "  Sovereign  "  was  the  term  employed 
to  denote  the  chief  magistrate  of  an  Irish 
town  up  to  the  time  of  the  Union.  He 
answered  to  the  modern  Mayor.  The  charter 
of  King  Edward  III.  to  the  town  of  Kinsale 
(1333)  grants  to 

the  Burgesses  and  Commons  of  the  Town  afore- 
said, their  heirs  and  successors,  full  power to 

choose  from  amongst  themselves  yearly  one  honest 
man,  a  Burgess  of  the  same  Town,  as  Sovereign  of 


256 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  24, 1910. 


the  Town,  and  he shall  take  an  oath,  in  the  same 

manner  and  form  as  any  of  our  Sovereigns  within 
our  laud  of  Ireland." 

H.  J.  B.  CLEMENTS. 
Killadoon,  Celbridge. 

The  ' '  Sovereign  "  represented  the  modern 
Mayor.  The  charters  granted  by  James  I. 
to  many  Irish  boroughs  ordered  that  "  the 
corporation  should  consist  of  the  Sovereign 
or  chief  magistrate,  twelve  burgesses,  and 
the  commonalty.^  The  office  and  title  of 
Sovereign  existed  in  some  unreformed 
boroughs  down  to  1842. 

EDITOR  '  IRISH  BOOK  LOVER.* 

Kensal  Lodge,  N.W. 

Many  particulars  concerning  these  "  Sove- 
reigns n  are  recorded  at  3  S.  vi.  29,  159  ; 
vii.  123.  They  are  often  mentioned,  1678-9, 
in  the  '  Calendar  of  Ormonde  MSS.,'  N.S.,  iv., 
1906.  W.  C.  B. 

[MR.  HOLDEN  MAcMiCHAEL  and]  W.  S.  S.  also 
thanked  for  replies.] 

SMOLLETT'S  '  HISTORY  OF  ENGLAND  ? 
(11  S.  ii.  129,  213).— I  have  to  thank  Mr. 
SCOTT  for  his  exhaustive  information  regard- 
ing the  evolution  of  Smollett's  '  History,' 
which  he  has  gone  into  in  a  most  thorough 
manner.  I  may,  however,  be  permitted 
to  say  that  I  think,  by  his  suggestive  intro- 
duction of  the  name  of  Robert  Bisset,  LL.D. 
(1759-1805),  as  one  of  the — at  present  un- 
revealed — continuators  of  Smollett,  he  has 
"  reckoned  without  his  host.'*  He  is  correct 
in  assuming  that  I  am  relying  on  family 
"  tradition.'*  No  one  can  be  more  cognizant 
than  I  am  how  unreliable  such  a  source 
often  is.  But  deriving  my  information, 
through  my  mother,  from  an  aunt  of  hers, 
who  must  have  been  almost  in  daily  inter- 
course with  her  grand-uncle,  the  Rev. 
William  Bisset  (1729-1807),  during  his  later 
years,  and  whose  "  traditions n  I  have 
hitherto,  by  dint  of  much  research,  been  able 
to  verify  in  every  detail  for  my  own  satis 
faction,  I  should  not  be  surprised  were  I 
some  day  to  unearth  fragments  of  corre- 
spondence between  Smollett  and  my  relative, 
and  so  prove  what  I  had  hoped  to  obtain 
in  a  speedier  way  through  these  columns, 
from  some  prefatory  reference  in  one  or 
other  of  the  editions  of  Smollett's  '  History 
which  I  have  not  seen. 

The  absence  of  a  name  from  biographical 
dictionaries,  to  which  MR.  SCOTT  alludes, 
is  no  criterion,  especially  in  regard  to  those 
who  "hide  their  light  under  a  bushel." 
This,  doubtless,  is  apparent  to  readers  who 
frequently  consult  the  '  D.N.B.? — Britain's 
Valhalla,  wherein  at  the  eleventh  hour  a 


column,  and  more,  was  erected,  at  my 
instance,  to  an  undoubted  hero,  who  other- 
wise would  have  been  outside  the  walls. 

JOHN  CHRISTIE. 
Edinburgh. 

GULSTON  ADDISON'S  DEATH  (11  S.  ii.  101r 
210). — Among  the  names  of  the  witnesses- 
of  the  will  of  Madam  Addison  are  those  of 
John  Quoach  and  Richard  Phriss.  These 
should  be  John  Roach,  an  officer  of  the 
garrison,  and  Richard  Fripp,  a  senior 
merchant  who  married  Dorothy  Lee  at  Fort 
St.  George  in  1693/4.  The  name  in  the- 
records  is  sometimes  spelt  Phripp. 

FRANK  PENNY. 

MORGANATIC  MARRIAGES  (11  S.  ii.  107> 
217). — The  statement  at  the  latter  reference 
that  the  Royal  Marriages  Act,  1772  (12  Geo. 
III.  c.  1 1 . ), '  'made  certain  regulations  for  these 
unions  in  the  British  royal  family "  is. 
distinctly  misleading.  The  word  "mor- 
ganatic '*  nowhere  occurs  in  the  statute,, 
which  relates  to  "  every  marriage  or  matri- 
monial contract n  of  the  descendants  of 
George  II.  other  than  the  issue  of  princesses- 
married  into  foreign  families.  Nor  is  it 
the  fact  that  marriages  under  that  Act 
require  to  be  "  approved  by  the  sovereign,, 
and  not  disapproved  by  Parliament.3'  If 
the  sovereign  approves,  nothing  more  is 
ne'cessary.  If  this  consent  is  refused,  and 
the  person  desiring  to  marry  is  above  the  age- 
of  twenty-five  years,  he  or  she  may  give 
notice  to  the  Privy  Council,  and  at  the 
expiration  of  twelve  months  the  marriage- 
may  be  solemnized  unless  both  Houses  of 
Parliament  have  disapproved. 

The  de  facto  marriage  of  the  late  Duke  of 
Cambridge  is  sometimes  called  morganatic 
because  it  was  contracted  in  violation  of  the 
Royal  Marriages  Act.  This  is,  of  course, 
a  mistake.  From  the  legal  point  of  view, 
the  ceremony  was  a  mere  nullity,  and  could 
not  constitute  a  marriage  of  any  kind. 

F.  W.  READ. 

HERB-WOMAN  TO  THE  KING  (11  S.  i.  265, 
373). — In  my  previous  reply  I  mentioned 
that  the  King's  Herb -woman,  Honor  Battis- 
combe,  was  followed  by  her  six  maids. 
I  have  just  come  across  the  following  refer- 
ence to  these  ladies  in  '  Passages  from  th& 
Diary  of  Mrs.  Philip  Lybbe  Powys,2  who  as 
Miss  Caroline  Girle  saw  the  Coronation  Pro- 
cession, 22  Sept.,  1761,  and  gives  an  amusing 
account  of  her  experiences  on  pp.  87-93  : 

"The  Herb  maids  I  must  not  forget  to  mention; 
they  were  first  in  the  procession,  viz.  six  very  n 
girls  (they  said  young  ladies  of  distinction,  eac 


ii  s.  ii.  SEPT.  24,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


257 


:  giving  twenty  guineas  for  her  place).  Their  dress 
was  neatly  elegant,  white  calico  gowns  and  coats, 
blue  and  white  stomachers,  sleeve  knots,  lappets, 

!  no  hoops,  white  shoes,  white  mittens  turned  with 
Wue,  and  earrings  and  necklace  of  the  last  colour. 

!    A  little  basket  on  their  left  arm,  and  with  their 

I   other  hand  they  strewed  the  platform  with  flowers." 

Miss  Girle's  party  were  in  the  Broad 
Sanctuary,  and  paid  120  guineas  for  the 
room,  which,  however,  was  commodious, 
and  held  their  party  of  24  with  comfort. 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

JOHN  BROOKE  (II  S.  ii.  69,  111,  156).— 
His  father  was  the  eighth  son  of  Sir  Thomas 
Broke  by  the  heiress  of  Cobham.  Some 
further  particulars  about  him  and  his  family 
may  be  found  in  my  history  of  the  Manor 
of  Clifton  in  Trans.  Bristol  and  Gloucester 
Archceol.  Soc.,  vol.  iii.  p.  211,  ^and  an  illus- 
tration of  his  brass  in  the  Journal  of  the 
Somerset  Archaeological  Society. 

A.  S.  ELLIS. 

OLD-TIME  ENGLISH  DANCING  (11  S.  ii. 
166). — One  remembers  Sir  John  Davies's 
*  Orchestra,  or  a  Poeme  of  Dauncing,*  in 
which  the  saltatory  movement  is  elaborately, 
«,nd  sometimes  very  winningly,  shown  to  be 
at  the  very  heart  of  Nature's  grace  and  vivid 
buoyancy.  At  the  other  extreme  we  find 
the  insinuating  suggestiveness  and  the 
•satirical  pungency  that  pervade  Byron's 
survey  in  '  The  Waltz '  of  what  was  at  the 
poet's  time  a  fresh  addition  to  the  attractions 
of  the  English  ballroom.  Virtually  belong- 
ing to  the  period  recalled  in  the  reminiscences 
•embodied  at  the  above  reference  is  the  fol- 
lowing passage  from  Lytton's  *  Godolphin  * 
(chap,  xvii.),  which  appeared  in  1833  :— 

"What  a  strange  thing,  after  all,  is  a  great 
assembly !  An  immense  mob  of  persons,  who  feel 
for  each  other  the  profoundest  indifference — met 
together  to  join  in  amusements,  which  the  large 
majority  of  them  consider  wearisome  beyond  con- 
ception! How  un intellectual,  how  uncivilized,  such 
a  scene,  and  such  actors !  What  a  remnant  of 
barbarous  times,  when  people  danced  because  they 
had  nothing  to  say  !  Were  there  nothing  ridiculous 
in  dancing,  there  would  be  nothing  ridiculous  in 
•seeing  wise  men  dance.  But  that  sight  would  be 
ludicrous,  because  of  the  disparity  between  the 
mind  and  the  occupation.  However,  we  have  some 
excuse ;  we  go  to  these  assemblies  to  sell  our 
daughters,  or  flirt  with  our  neighbours'  wives.  A 
ballroom  is  nothing  more  or  less  than  a  great 
tnarket-.place  of  beauty." 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

SIB  JOHN  ALLEYN  :  DAME  ETHELDBEDA 
ALLEYN  (11  S.  ii.  88,  176). — I  am  sorry  to 
have  been  ambiguous.  I  was  well  aware 
that  the  will  mentioned  by  MB.  BEAVEN 
was  Sir  John's,  and  this  was  what  I  intended 


to  state.  Sir  John's  brother  John  was  the 
ancestor  of  Sir  Edward  Aleyn  of  Hatfield, 
created  a  baronet  24  June,  1629.  See  the 
pedigrees  in  Harl.  Soc.  Publ.,  xiii.  133,  333, 
334  ;  xiv.  537  ;  and  xv.  9. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWBIGHT. 

ROSTAND'S  '  CHANTECLEB  *  (11  S.  ii.  205). 
— The  transposition  referred,  to  is  still 
continued  in  the  hundred  and  twentieth 
thousand,  to  which  my  own  copy  of  the 
play  belongs. 

Toussenel,  mentioned  under  "  Plus  je 
connais  les  hommes,"-  &c.  (10  S.  xii.  292), 
is  cited  as  an  authority  on  a  hen-pheasant's 
change  of  her  own  plumage  for  that  con- 
ferred by  nature  on  the  glorious  male 
(Act  I.  sc.  v.  p.  55).  ST.  SWITHIN. 

VICABS  OF  DABTMOUTH  (11  S.  ii.  149). — 
John  Flavel  was  no  doubt  the  celebrated 
Nonconformist  divine  of  that  name,  who  was 
ejected  in  1662.  A  long  list  of  his  writings 
will  be  found  in  Darling's  '  Cyclopaedia 
Bibliographical  His  whole  works  were 
published  in  1796.  The  title  runs  thus  :— 

"  The  Whole  I  Works  |  of  the  |  Rev.  Mr.  John 
Flavel,  |  late  Minister  of  the  Gospel  at  Dartmouth, 
Devon.  |  To  which  is  added,  |  An  Alphabetical 
Table  |  of  the  principal  matters  contained  in  the 
whole.  |  In  Six  Volumes.  I  Newcastle :  Printed  bv 
and  for  M.  Angus.  |  1796." 

Darling  mentions  an  edition  published  in 
London  in  1820.  Flavel  was  extremely 
popular  in  Scotland  during  the  eighteenth 
century.  Numerous  editions  of  his  '  Navi- 
gation Spiritualized,'  '  A  Saint  Indeed,' 
k  Divine  Conduct,'  &c.,  were  issued  from 
local  presses. 

Humphrey  Smith  is  perhaps  the  Vicar 
of  Townstall  who  published  several  sermons 
and  theological  treatises  between  1660  and 
1708. 

George  Gretton,  D.D.,  printed  a  '  Charge,' 
London,  1812.  W.  S.  S. 

HOBBY-HOBSE  (US.  ii.  209). — The  hobby- 
horse custom  is  known  in  Scotland,  Cum- 
berland, Yorkshire,  Lancashire,  Derbyshire, 
Lincolnshire,  Somersetshire,  Devonshire,  and 
Cornwall. 

"In  Corn\vall  a  hobby-horse  is  carried  through 
the  streets  to  a  pool  called  Traitor's  Pool,  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  out  of  the  town  [not  named].  Here  it  is 
supposed  to  drink  ;  the  head  is  dipped  in  the  water, 
which  is  freely  sprinkled  over  the  spectators.  The 
procession  returns  home  singing  a  song  to  com- 
memorate the  tradition  that  the  French,  having 
landed  in  the  bay,  mistook  a  party  of  mummers  in 
red  cloaks  for  soldiers,  and  hastily  fled  to  their 
boats  and  rowed  away."— Cornish  Folk-lore  Journal. 
1886,  IV.  226,  quoted'in  the  'E.D.D.' 

J,   HOLDEN  MACMlCHAEL, 


258 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  SEPT.  24,  me. 


The  hobby-horse  plays  an  important  part 
in  the  mumming  performance  at  Padstow 
(see  Folk-lore,  vol.  xvi.,  1905,  pp.  59-60)  ; 
at  Salisbury  and  in  Staffordshire  (Folk- 
lore, vol.  x.,  1899, -p.  186) ;  and  in  Provence 
(Grateful  Frejus,  Folk-lore,  vol.  xii.,  1901, 
pp.  307-15).  W.  B.  GERISH. 

Bishop's  Stortford. 

M.  P.  would  do  well  to  get  Mr.  Percy 
Maylam's  book  'The  Hooden  Horse,'  a 
Kentish  yariant  of  the  ancient,  custom. 

If  M.  P.  fails  to  get  Mr.  Maylam's  book, 
which  was  privately  printed,  I  will  lend 
him  my  copy. 

Six  "Horse's  Heads"  went  the  rounds 
last  Christmas  in  Glamorganshire  ;  and  at 
Minehead  it  seems  to  be  a  yearly  May  Day 
custom,  though  there  called  "  The  Sailor's 
Horse."  T.  STOBY  MASKELYNE. 

The  earliest  mention  of  this  figure  quoted 
in  the  '  N.E.D.'  is  from  the  churchwar- 
dens accounts  of  St.  Mary's,  Reading, 
for  1557  :  "  Item,  payed  to  the  Mynstrels 
and  the  Hobby-horse  on  May  Day  3s." 
The  next  quotation  is  from  1569,  '  Notting- 
ham Rec.,'  iv.  132  :  "  Gevyn  to  tow  myn- 
streles,  and  to  them  that  did  play  with 
ye  hoby  horse  xijd.n 

At  Betley,  in  Staffordshire,  there  is  a 
painted  window  of  the  time  of  Henry  VIII., 
or  earlier,  portraying  the  morris,  the  cha- 
racters including  Maid  Marian.  Friar  Tuck, 
the  hobby-horse,  the  piper,  the  tabourer, 
the  fool,  and  five  other  persons,  apparently 
representing  various  ranks  or  callings.  The 
Morris  dance  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII. 
was  an  almost  essential  part  of  the  principal 
village  festivities.  (See  '  Encyc.  Brit.,'  xvi. 
846). 

Moth  in  '  Love's  Labour's  Lost,'  III.  i.  30, 
quotes  the  line  "  The  hobby-horse  is  forgot." 

TOM  JONES. 

NAMES  TERRIBLE  TO  CHILDREN  (10  S.  x. 
509  ;  xi.  53,  218,  356,  454  ;  xii.  53  ;  11  S. 
ii.  133,  194). — Here  is  a  contribution  from 
'  Innsbruck  and  its  Environs '  (Hotel  Goldene 
Sonne)  : — 

"We  start  from  Innsbruck,  having  the  long  line 
of  Bavarian  or  Limestone  Alps  full  in  sight  at  the 
north.  Most  prominent  is  the  one  named  Frau 
Hiitt  (the  *  Ensign  of  Innsbruck '),  crowned  with  a 
gigantic  rock  which  assumes  to  the  imagination  the 
form  of  a  woman  sitting  and  holding  a  child  in  her 
arms.  From  countless  points  in  Innsbruck  she  is 
visible,  and  naughty  children  are  often  warned  by 
their  nurses,  '  Hush !  Frau  Hiitt  is  coming !'  Legend 
says  she  was  queen  of  a  race  of  giants  who  once 
conquered  the  Inn  Valley.  On  this  mountain  she 
built  her  palace  and  gave  hers"elf  up  to  luxurious 


enjoyment,  turning  a  deaf  ear  to  the  importunities 
of  the  poor  and  suffering  around  her.  As  a  punish- 
ment for  this  pride  her  castle  became  a  ruin,  and 

she  herself  was  changed  into  stone There  is  a 

saying  current  among  the  people  that  Frau  Hiitt  is 
a  silent  Lorelei  and  that  those  who  look  at  her  too 
long  never  wish  to  leave  Innsbruck." — P.  61. 

My  own  infancy  was  occasionally  em- 
bittered by  threats  of  being  visited  by  the 
parish  constable.  One  day  his  coming  to 
the  house  to  speak  to  my  father  coincided 
with  some  attack  of  naughtiness,  and  I  will 
only  say  that  I  did  feel  very  much  alarmed. 

ST.  S  WITHIN. 

SOMERSET  HOUSE  :  ROBINSON'S  AND- 
CHAMBERS'S  DESIGNS  (11  S.  ii.  25). — It  may 
be  interesting  to  record  that  the  western 
wing  of  Somerset  House  was  built  by  Mr. 
John  Gilliam,  a  stonemason  of  Chapel 
Street,  Westminster,  who  undertook  the 
contract  for  the  work.  He  was  a  Yorkshire- 
man,  and  came  to  London  from  Rotherhanu. 
Any  particulars  of  his  ancestry  would  be  of 
interest  to  JOHN  PAKENHAM  STILWELL. 

Hilfield,  Yateley,  Hants. 

JEREMY  TAYLOR'S  DESCENDANTS  (11  S. 
ii.  209). — Apparently  none  of  his  sons  left 
descendants.  By  his  first  wife,  Phoebe 
Langsdale  (married  1639,  died  1651),  he  had 
William,  buried  28  May,  1642  ;  two  sons 
who  died  of  smallpox  in  the  winter  of  1656-7;. 
and  Charles,  buried  on  2  Aug.,  1667.  By 
1655  he  had  married  his  second  wife,. 
Joanna  Bridges,  said  to  be  a  natural  daughter  | 
of  Charles  I.,  by  whom  he  had  Edward, 
buried  on  10  March,  1660/61. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 


MILITARY  MUSTERS  :  PARISH  ARMOUR 
(10  S.  xii.  422  ;  11  S.  ii.  130,  176).— The 
Graphic  of  12  March  contained  a  well-illus- 
trated account  of  the  parish  armour  at 
Mendlesham,  Suffolk.  "  In  no  other  church, 
so  far  as  the  writer's  [Mr.  Wentworth 
Huyshe's]  knowledge  goes,  can  be  found 
such  specimens  as  those  which  exist  at 
Mendlesham."  The  earliest  date  mentioned 
is  1470,  and  the  specimens  are  kept  in  the 
"  Priest's  Chamber."  S.  L.  PETTY. 

TELEPHONES  IN  BANKS  (11  S.  ii.   169). — 
DR.    FORSHAW   is   correct.     Telephones 
in  use  in  many  London  banks,  but  not  the  i 
Bank  of  England.     The  London  and  Mid- 
land Bank  seems  to  have  introduced  them  j 
over     most     of     its     suburban     branches  — 
other   banks  more   sparingly,    according  to 
the  nature  of  their  local  business. 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 


n  s.  ii.  SEPT.  24,  wio. j       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


259 


on 


Renascence  :  the  Sculptured  Tombs  of  the  Fifteenth 
Century  in  Rome,  with  Chapters  on  the  Previous 
Centuries  from  1100.  By  Gerald  S.  Davies. 
(John  Murray.) 

THIS  handsome  volume  is  delightful  to  look  at, 
pleasant  to  read,  and  desirable  as  a  possession. 
The  appeal  of  Borne  to  the  artist  is  manifold  : 
one  goes  there  to  study  the  sources  of  Christian 
architecture  ;  another,  the  remains  of  classical 
art,  or  the  paintings  of  the  great  period,  or  those 
of  the  decline  and  fall  of  art. 

Among  the  bewildering  riches  of  the  capital  of 
the  world,  the  particular  works  of  art  which  are 
the  subject  of  this  book  are  usually  passed  by  with 
little  notice  :  only  recently  has  any  considerable 
attention  been  paid  to  them,  while^  this  is  the  first 
book  entirely  devoted  to  their  study.  "Study," 
it  is  true,  is  not  the  right  term  to  use  in  connexion 
with  this  volume  ;  it  is  a  record  of  the  perceptions 
of  a  highly  cultivated  amateur,  in  the  true  sense 
of  the  word,  familiar  with  the  objects  themselves 
and  with  all  that  is  written  about  them.  There 
are  picturesque  statements  in  the  book,  such,  for 
example,  as  that  "  Charles  Martel,  King  of  France, 
in  fact,  though  not  in  title,  walked  "  beside  the 
white  palfrey  of  Boniface  VIII.  in  1295— a  state- 
ment which  in  the  case  of  a  French  or  a  German 
author  would  lead  us,  perhaps,  to  throw  the  book 
aside  as  worthless,  but  which  does  not  matter  in 
the  least  in  the  case  of  an  Englishman,  beyond 
throwing  on  his  reader  the  duty  of  verifying 
any  historical  statements  before  repeating  them. 
The  abundant  merit  of  the  book  is  to  be  sought 
in  the  fine  connoisseurship,  the  instinctive  feeling 
for  style,  the  firm  grasp  of  first  principles  which 
the  author  displays  ;  and  all  these  are  compatible 
with  spelling  the  same  name  in  three  different  ways 
in  as  many  consecutive  pages,  or  calling  a  cardinal 
General  of  the  Franciscans,  though  the  accurate 
person  may  be  annoyed  thereat. 

The  work  is  divided  into  two  parts,  in  the  first 
of  which  the  subject  is  treated  chronologically, 
an  attempt  being  made  to  distinguish  the  various 
at  fliers  in  which  the  more  celebrated  tombs  were 
produced.  The  difficulties  in  the  way  of  this 
study  are  immense,  and  they  have  been  increased 
by  the  removals  which  most  of  the  earlier  monu- 
ments have  undergone,  so  that  what  we  see  now 
is  often  "  a  rechauff^  by  a  clerk  of  the  works." 
The  wanton  destruction  of  many  of  them  by 
Bramante  is  historical,  but  he  was  only  the  worst 
of  a  series  of  misfortunes. 

Tli«'  earliest  important  tombs  date  from  the 
iiiidt He  of  the  thirteenth  century,  though  masters 

the  ('osmatesque  style  had  been  at  work  in 
Rome  sine.-  the  beginning  of  the  twelfth  century 
•«n,l  continued  to  the  middle  of  the  fourteenth. 

'   hand  of  Arnolfo  di  Cambio — fellow- worker 

itli  the  Pisani — is  to  be  traced  in  many  noble 

monuments  up  to  1300  ;    and  from  that  time  fine 

rk  .vases,  to  begin  again,  at  the  end  of  the  four- 

>eenth  century,  with  the  tomb  of  Adam  Easton, 

some    Sienese    master,    our    author    thinks, 

and  with  the  work  of  Maestro  Paolo.     The  history 

the  next  century  to  1514  fills  the  remainder 


of  the  part,  and  every  word  of  it  is  worthy  of 
consideration  as  are  the  fine  photographic  repro- 
ductions which  illustrate  the  text. 

The  second  part  is  designed  for  the  use  of  the 
visitor  to  Rome  who  is  desirous  of  seeing  the 
tombs  to  the  best  advantage.  The  churches,  &c.. 
are  arranged  alphabetically,  and  the  monu- 
ments in  them  described  in  order.  The  88  illustra- 
tions are  an  invaluable  addition  to  the  literature 
of  the  subject.  Any  one  visiting  Rome  ought  to 
take  with  him  the  volume  if  he  is  at  all  interested 
in  this  branch  of  art. 

We  should  like  to  conclude  with  a  word  of 
sympathy  for  our  author's  spirited  defence  of 
Michelangelo.  It  is  true  enough  that  there  is  in 
that  great  artist's  work  a  certain  sense  that  diffi- 
culties have  been  created  to  be  abolished,  but  that 
is  far  from  attributing  to  him  alone  a  decadence 
which  already  existed  in  his  time,  and  would  have 
run  its  course  without  him.  We  commend  the 
whole  of  chap.  x.  on  Romano  and  Sansovino 
to  any  one  who  is  interested  in  the  history  of  the- 
decline  and  fall  of  Renascence  art. 

British  Costume  during  Nineteen  Centuries.  By 
Mrs.  Charles  H.  Ashdown.  (T.  C.  &  E.  C. 
Jack.) 

MRS.  ASHDOWN'S  handsome  volume  has  been 
produced,  if  we  mistake  not,  with  a  view  to 
meeting  the  practical  requirements  of  pageants — 
a  form  of  popular  enthusiasm  which  certainly 
has  some  educational  value  and  promotes  at 
least  outside  acquaintance  with  historical  periods 
and  personages.  It  is  admirably  adapted  for 
the  purpose  of  those  who  desire  to  secure  accuracy 
in  organizing  these  entertainments,  but  it  appeals^ 
also  to  a  wider  public. 

Mrs.  Ashdown  supplies  her  illustrations  with 
a  liberal  hand,  about  five  hundred  and  eighty 
in  all,  and  some  of  these  effectively  coloured- 
From  a  long  and  close  study  of  the  "sources  " 
she  has  been  able  to  lay  her  hand  on  the  right 
material  for  her  book  in  the  Cottonian,  Harleian, 
and  other  collections  of  MSS.,  and  when  these  fail 
she  resorts  to  church  monuments  and  brasses, 
so  that  a  complete  treatise  de  re  vestiarid  is  the 
result.  In  the  final  chapter,  which  is  devoted  to 
'  Ecclesiastical  Dress,'  we  meet  the  somewhat  sur- 
prising statement  that  in  the  Middle  Ages  "  no 
particular  habit  was  adopted  to  differentiate 
between  the  clergy  and  the  laity  "  (p.  355).  So 
much  the  worse  for  the  pageant,  if  this  is  true.. 
But  is  it  ?  As  to  the  evolution  of  the  mitre, 
suggested  in  Fig.  430,  it  must  be  an  eye  of  alto- 
gether abnormal  keenness  that  can  discern  the 
incipient  horns  of  it  claimed  to  be  there.  Then 
have  beards  a  legitimate  place  in  a  book  no- 
costume  ?  "  The  pencil  on  the  chin,"  quoted 
here  from  '  Cynthia's  Revels  '  as  a  description 
of  an  "  imperial,"  evidently  refers  to  the  paint- 
brush, and  not  to  pennoncel,  the  flag,  as  sug- 
gested (p.  269). 

Although  references  are  properly  given  for  the 
provenance  of  the  illustrations,  they  are  occa- 
sionally wanting.  WTe  look  in  vain,  e.g.,  for  the 
source  of  the  two  curious  representations  of  a 
fifteenth-century  dinner  party  (pp.  205,  206). 

"  Goscon  "  (p.  259)  is  a  misprint  for  Gosson, 
and  '  Satiromastic  '  (p.  362)  for  '  Satiromastix.' 
It  is  an  excellent  book  on  a  most  interesting 
subject. 


260 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  IL  SEPT.  24, 1910. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — SEPTEMBER, 

MR.  FRANCIS  EDWARDS  sends  his  September 
list  of  Remainders.  There  are  works  of  Colonial 
interest,  including  Burke's  '  Colonial  Gentry,' 
which  contains  the  pedigrees  of  over  five  hundred 
families  ;  Lady  Broome's  '  Colonial  Memories  '  ; 
Doyle's  '  The  Middle  Colonies,'  also  his  '  Colonies 
under  the  House  of  Hanover  '  ;  and  the  '  Life 
and  Letters  of  the  First  Earl  of  Durham,'  edited  by 
Stuart  Reid.  Among  works  on  folk-lore  are 
'  Tales  from  Old  Fiji,'  *  Basutoland,'  '  Te  Tohunga,' 
relating  to  New  Zealand,  and  Knowles's  '  Folk- 
Tales  of  Kashmir.'  Under  American  Family 
History  is  Day's  '  One  Thousand  Years  of  Hubbard 
History.'  Among  theological  works  are  Dollinger's 
'  Gentile  and  the  Jew,'  the  last  edition  of  this 
well-known  work  ;  and  Durandus's  '  Symbolism 
of  Churches  and  Church  Ornaments.' 

Messrs.  Galloway  &  Porter's  Cambridge  Cata- 
logue 51  contains 'lists  under  Architecture,  Art 
and  Illustrated.  Books,  Cambridge,  Chess,  and 
Classics.  Under  History  are  Froude's  '  Short 
Studies,'  and  a  library  set  of  Motley.  There  are 
lists  under  Military  and  Naval  and  Theology. 
A  new  copy  of  Detmold's  '  Fables  of  ^?Esop,' 
limited  to  750  copies,  1909,  is  21.  2s.  ;  and  the 
Edition  de  Luxe  of  '  The  Water  Babies,'  limited 
to  260  copies,  21.  2s.  The  general  portion  is 
good. 

Mr.  Frederick  R.  Jones  sends  us  from  Thames 
Ditton  his  autumn  list,  which,  although  it  con- 
tains under  three  hundred  items,  includes  many 
of  special  interest.  Among  first  editions  we  find 
'  The  Poems  of  Currer,  Ellis,  and  Acton  Bell,' 
1846,  11.  10s.;  'Villette,'  3  vols.,  1853,  II.  15s.  ; 
'  Never  Too  Late  to  Mend,'  3  vols.,  uncut,  1856, 
31.  3s.  ;  '  Peg  Woffington,'  1852,  21.  15s.  ; 
Rossetti's  *  The  Prince's  Progress,'  1866,  II.  Is.  ; 
G-eorge  Meredith's  '  Vittoria,'  3  vols.,  21.  10s.  ;  and 
Sir  Herbert  Maxwell's  '  The  Creevey  Papers,' 
11.  Is.  There  is  a  Washington  relic  :  The  Salem 
Gazette  for  Jan.  14,  1800,  with  black  borders 
for  the  death  of  Washington,  an  essay  on  his  life 
and  character,  and  a  poem  by  Thomas  Paine  on 
the  '  Political  Legacies  of  George  Washington,' 
51.  5s.  Under  Alps  are  Freshfield's  '  Across 
Country  from  Thonon  to  Trent,'  a  presentation 
copy  in  full  morocco,  1865,  61.  15s.,  and  Hardy's 
'  Tour,'  Ackermann,  1825,  11.  15s.  Under 
Coloured  are  Cham's  30  coloured  plates  of  military 
scenes,  circa  1840,  31.  3s.  ;  and  Adam's  '  Tribula- 
tions Parisiennes,'  circa  1840,  31.  3s.  Combe's 
'  Dr.  Syntax,'  Rowlandson's  plates,  1855,  is2L  15s. 
Other 'items  include  Croker's  '  Boswell,'  5  vols., 
1831,  11.  15s.  ;  Burke's  '  General  Armory,'  also  his 
*  Heraldic  Illustrations  '  ;  Laing's  '  Sagas  of  the 
Norse  Kings,'  4  vols.,  1889,  21.  2s.  ;  Lecky's 
'  Rationalism  in  Europe  '  and  '  European  Morals,' 
4  vols.,  21.  15s.  ;  and  *  The  Works  of  Hogarth,' 
choice  impressions  on  India  paper,  Baldwin  & 
Cradock,  1822,  royal  folio,  morocco,  21Z. 

Messrs.  Simmons  &  Waters  of  Leamington  Spa 
include  in  their  Catalogue  247  Butler's  'South 
African  Sketches,'  Ackermann,  1841,  scarce, 
51.  5s.  ;  and  the  first  edition  of  Ascham's  '  The 
Scholemaster,'  new  morocco  by  Morrell,  1571, 
51.  5s.  A  nice  set  of  Bewick,  1816-20,  half-calf, 
is  4Z.  4s.  This  has  very  few  of  the  usual  foxed 
pages.  Works  on  Botany  include  Lowe's  '  Ferns,' 


8  vols.,  half-morocco,  1861-5,  21.  2s.  There  are 
items  under  Ceramics.  Those  under  Coinage 
include  Atkins's  '  Coins  and  Tokens  of  the 
Colonies,'  with  additional  notes  of  pieces  dis- 
covered since  the  book  was  published,  1889, 
51.  5s.  There  are  extra-illustrated  copies  of  the 
Croker  correspondence,  of  Madame  d'Arblay'e 
Diary,  of  Evelyn  and  Pepys's  Diaries,  Huish's 
*  Memoirs  of  George  IV.,'  Gronow's  '  Reminis- 
cences,' and  others.  Under  George  Meredith 
is  the  first  edition  of  '  Jump  to  Glory  Jane,' 
edited  by  Quilter,  1892,  10s.  6d. 

Messrs.  Simmons  &  Waters  also  send  Catalogue 
248,  devoted  to  Novels. 

Mr.  Albert  Button's  Manchester  List  180  is 
confined  to  Books  on  Natural  History.  Many 
of  the  best  authorities  will  be  found  in  it, 
including  Gerarde's  '  Herbal  '  as  well  as  John 
Frampton's  '  Joyfull  Newes.'  The  title  of  the 
latter  is  in  facsimile,  and  a  description  "of  the 
Tabaco,  and  of  its  great  virtues,"  occupies 
twelve  pages,  with  a  woodcut  of  the  plant. 

Messrs.  Henry  Young  &  Sons'  Liverpool 
Catalogue  414  contains  under  Alpine  '  Peaks, 
Passes,  and  Glaciers,'  by  members  of  the  Alpine 
Club,  Leslie  Stephen,  Whymper,  Tyndall,  and 
others,  both  series,  3  vols.,  half-morocco,  a  fine 
copy,  rare,  1859-62,  51.  Works  on  Architecture 
include  Gotch's  '  Renaissance  in  England,'  8Z.  15s. 
There  is  an  extra-illustrated  copy  of  Miss  Berry's 
'  Journals,'  3  vols.,  enlarged  to  6,  1866,  151. 
Under  Blake  are  first  editions  of  '  Night  Thoughts ' 
and  '  The  Grave.'  A  fine  set  of  '  The  British 
Essayists,'  40  vols.,  morocco,  1823,  is  107.  10s. ; 
and  a  complete  set  of  the  original  issue  of  Cruik- 
shank's  '  Comic  Almanack,'  1835-53,  19  vols., 
with  all  the  original  covers  and  advertisements, 
levant  extra,  21Z.  Dickens  first  editions  include 
'  Sketches  by  Boz.'  '  II  Decamerone,'  with  the 
plates  by  Eisen  and  others,  5  vols.,  calf,  is  211. 
Lady  Dilke  in  her  work  on  the  '  French  Engravers  ' 
styles  this  book  the  "  famous  Boccaccio,  enlivened 
with  brilliant  vignettes  of  delightful  baby  groups, 
who  mimic  every  shade  of  human  conduct." 
There  are  works  from  the  Kelmscott  Press ;  and 
first  editions  of  Rowlandson.  The  Library 
Edition  of  Ruskin,  a  subscriber's  set,  equal  to 
new,  38  vols.,  1903-9,  is  28Z.  10s.  ;  and  an  auto- 
graph copy  of  Whitman's  '  Leaves  of  Grass,'  1876, 
51.  5s.  Among  prints  are  complete  sets  of 
Hogarth's  '  Times  of  the  Day  '  and  '  An  Election.' 


10 


We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  following 
notices  :  — 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
bo  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries  '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "  —  at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.C. 

G.  W.  E.  R.—  Both  forwarded. 
A.  L.  (Trinity  College,  Melbourne).—  Anticipated 
ante,  pp.  70,  71,  by  correspondents  at  home. 


e.  u.  OCT.  i.  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


261 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  1,  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  40. 

NOTES  •—' Jonathan  Wild  the  Great,'  261— Beaver-leas, 
263— 'Tottel's  Miscellany,'  264-Fairies :  Ruffs  and  Reeves 
—"Airman,"  265— Caslon's  Type-Foundry— " Schelm  — 
"  Lecturage  "  —  St.  Michael's  Church,  Worcester  — 
"  Sparrowgrass  "  —  Chained  Books  —  Loyal  Addresses  — 
Pryse  Lockhart  Gordon,  266. 

OUERIES  :— "  Tenderling  "  —  "  Sparrow-blasted  "  —  Capt. 
Lyon— "Fare  thee  well,  my  dearest  Mary  Ann"—'  Edin- 
burgh Literary  Journal'— Sydney  Smith  on  Spencer  Per- 
ceval—Authors  Wanted— "Plundering  and  blundering" 
—English  Clocks  in  Pontevedra  Museum,  Galicia,  267— 
'  Political  Adventures  of  Lord  Beaconsfield  '—Dr.  J.  C. 
Litchfleld  — James  L  Crown  — Mrs.  Burr's  Paintings- 
Wooden  Effigies  at  Weston-under- Lizard  —  Geoffry  Aid- 
worth,  King's  Musician  —  Edna  as  Christian  Name  — 
"Mendiant,"  French  Dessert  —  " Gingham "  :  "Gamp," 
268-Newgate  and  Wilkes— "  Tory  "  :  "  Skean  "—Hanging- 
Sword  Alley— Will  Watch,  the  Smuggler— Dean  Swift  and 
the  War  of  1688-»1— Carracci's  Picture  of  St.  Gregory— 
Mansel  Family,  269. 

REPLIES  :— Robert  Hayman,  Poet  —  '  Hungary  in  the 
Eighteenth  Century,'  270— William  Roupell,  271— "Une- 
cungga"  :  "Ga,"  272— Follies,  273— Verger  v.  Sacristan— 
"  Yellow- Backs  "  —  Denny  and  Windsor  Families,  274— 
Marie  Antoinette's  Death  Mask,  276— St.  Margaret  and 
Joan  of  Arc— Jew's  Eye— Virgil  :  "  Narcissi  lacrymam  ' 
—  Goldwin  Smith's  'Reminiscences.'  277  —  Eucharistic 
Elements— John  Peel— Plantagenet  Tombs  at  Fontevrault 
—Authors  Wanted,  278—"  Arabis  "  :  "  Thlaspi  "—Eugene 
Aram— Jacob  Henriquez— " Fern  to  make  malt"— "The 
British  Glory  Revived,"  279. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS :  —  '  During  the  Reign  of  Terror  '— 
•The  Record  Interpreter.' 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


'  JONATHAN   WILD   THE   GREAT  '  : 
ITS    GERM. 

MB,.  G.  T.  BISPHAM'S  most  interesting 
and  informing  contribution  on  Fielding's 
'  Jonathan  Wild  *  to  the  recently  published 
volume  '  Eighteenth  Century  Literature : 
an  Oxford  Miscellany,'-  raises  once  more 
the  question  when  was  written  what  I 
agree  with  the  essayist  in  considering  a 
*'  masterpiece  of  prose  satire."  We  know 
that  it  was  published  in  1743  ;  Mr.  Edmund 
•Gosse  attributes  its  writing  to  1740  ;  and 
Mr.  Bispham  questions  "  whether  the  book 
may  not  belong  to  a  still  earlier  time — 
the  period  of  Fielding's  greatest  ill-luck, 
shortly  after  the  passing  of  Walpole's 
'  Licensing  Act l  "  in  1737.  Mr.  Austin 
Dobson,  it  is  especially  to  be  added,  finds  the 
first  germ  in  a  passage  Fielding  wrote  in 
The  Champion  for  March,  1740  : — 

"  Reputation  often  courts  those  most  who 
regard  her  the  least.  Actions  have  sometimes 
been  attended  with  Fame,  which  were  undertaken 
In  Defiance  of  it.  Jonathan  Wyld  himself  had  for 
many  years  no  small  share  of  it  in  this  Kingdom." 


For  myself  I  find  the  germ  very  much 
earlier — so  very  much  earlier,  indeed,  as 
within  a  few  weeks  of  Wild's  execution  at 
Tyburn  on  24  May,  1725  ;  for  Mist's  Weekly 
Journal  of  Saturday,  12  June,  contained  the 
following  remarkable  article,  both  the  sub- 
stance and  the  style  of  which  deserve  close 
study: — 

"  As  I  was  loitering  the  other  Day  in  a  Book- 
seller's Shop,  I  took  up  the  next  Thing  to  my 
Hand,  in  order  to  amuse  my  self,  and  it  proved 
to  be  a  Pamphlet  newly  published,  containing  the 
Life  of  that  celebrated  Statesman  and  Polititian, 
the  late  Mr.  Jonathan  Wild. 

"  I  call  him  both  Statesman  and  Polititian, 
because  I  do  not  understand  them  to  be  synonim  - 
ous  Terms  ;  for,  I  conceive,  it  is  well  known  to 
many  Persons,  still  living,  that  there  have  been 
some  Statesmen  in  the  World  who  never  were  so 
much  as  suspected  of  being  Polititians,  as  well 
as  an  infinite  Number  of  Polititians  who  never  were 
Statesmen. — But  the  extraordinary  Person,  of 
whom  we  are  Writing,  was  an  Instance  of  both. 

"  The  Historian  has  curiously  enough  accounted 
by  what  sort  of  Arts  Jonathan  made  himself 
considerable,  and  drew  the  Eyes  of  the  admiring 
World  upon  him,  he  has  given  many  Instances 
of  his  deep  Fetch  in  Politicks,  when  he  describes 
that  Form,  or  rather  that  System  of  Government 
which  he  established  over  the  Thieves. 

"  I  shall  not  touch  upon  any  Thing  taken 
Notice  of  by  that  Writer,  but  as  he  has  shewn  him 
in  his  publick  Capacity,  I  shall  describe  him 
in  his  Closet,  and  give  the  Observations  I  made 
by  a  Personal  Acquaintance,  and  long  Conversa- 
tion with  this  great  Genius. 

"Perhaps  the  Readers  may  smile  to  hearmespeak 
in  such  high  Terms,  of  one  who  (to  call  Things  by 
their  proper  Names )  was  no  better  than  a  Thief. — 
I  own  that  the  word  Thief  is  generally  apply'd 
by  People,  who  do  not  value  themselves  upon 
their  Politeness,  to  Persons  of  Mr.  Wild's  Charac- 
ter.— Yet  I  suppose  it  will  be  granted,  that  a 
Person  may  be  a  Rogue,  and  yet  be  a  great 
Man,  which  may  excuse  me  for  employing  more 
gentle  Terms  when  I  only  speak  of  him  as  a  Man 
of  Parts. 

"  Mr.  WILD  (like  other  great  Men)  had  a  Turn  of 
Thought  peculiar  to  himself  ;  he  was  not  for 
following  the  common  Road,  he  was  for  going  out 
of  the  beaten  Paths  in  Search  of  Adventures,  nor 
was  he  less  singular  hi  his  Notions  ;  it  was  his 
Opinion,  that  Men  of  Parts  (in  which  Class  he 

sometimes  included Thieves  and  idle  Fellows ) 

should  be  maintained  by  the  Publick,  and  whether 
it  was  done  by  picking  their  Pockets,  or  boldly  by 
taking  their  Money  by  Force,  he  thought  it  much 
the  same  Thing. — He  was  a  great  Admirer  of  that 
Advice,  which,  it  is  said,  a  Man  when  he  was 
dying  gave  his  Son, — Get  Money  Son,  honestly, 
if  you  can  ;  but,  however,  get  Money  ;  and  would 
often  say,  it  must  be  a  wise  Man,  who  pronounced 
that  Sentence. 

"  Tho'  he  was  a  Man  much  given  to  Contempla- 
tion, yet   he   had   read  Men   more   than   Books, 
for  he  was  of  Opinion,  there  was  more  to  be  learned 
thereby,  since  we  are  to  live  by  the  Living,  not 
j  by  the  Dead  ;   however,  he  had  conversed  enough 
j  with  Books  to  pass  for  a  Man  of  some  Erudition. — 


262 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  i,  1910. 


I  have  often  seen  his  Library,  which  consisted  of 
Books,  few  in  Number,  but  well  chosen  ;  I  will 
say  nothing  of  Tradesmen's  Shop-Books,  which  he 
only  dealt  [sic]  in  his  Way  of  Business,  or,  I  may 
say,  as  he  could  lay  his  Hands  upon  them,  for  they 
yielded  Money.  But  the  Authors  which  he 
study'd  most  were  Machiavel,  The  English  Rogue, 
The  Lives  of  the  High  Way  Men,  Cook  upon  Little- 
ton, Echard's  History  of  England,  a  Collection  of 
Sessions  Papers,  and  Cornelius  Tacitus. 

"  Thus  his  Library  consisted  of  a  mixture  of 
Politicks,  Law  and  History.  By  what  he  had 
studied  of  English  History,  he  found  out  that 
there  are  more  wise  Men  to  be  met  with  in  these 
Times,  than  any  former  Age  could  boast  of  ;  for 
heretofore  it  appeared  to  him  as  if  Men  were  apt 
to  give  in  to  some  foolish  Prejudices  which  hinder 
a  Man's  thriving  and  growing  great  in  the  World, 
such  as  Honour  and  Conscience,  which  now,  says 
he,  your  busy  pushing  People  look  upon  to  be 

Chimeras,  and  therefore  you  see  that  and 

and  many  more,  who  are  rising  People,  don  t 

make  the  least  Pretences  to  either. 

"It  is  certain  he  understood  no  Latin,  for  he 
had  employ 'd  his  Time  to  greater  Advantage 
than  in  learning  Words  ;  but  as  he  had  observed 
some  Latin  Sentences  now  and  then  scattered 
thro'  my  Works,  an  Affectation,  we,  the  present 
Set  of  Writers,  are  much  addicted  to,  he  took 
me  to  be  something  of  a  Scholar,  and  therefore, 
consulted  me  in  explaining  to  him  the  Annals  of 
Tacitus :  When  I  read  to  him  how  slavishly 
the  Romans  submitted  themselves  to  be  thus 
governed,  he  shook  his  Head,  and  said,  those 
were  fine  Times  to  get  Money  ;  for  when  the 
Senate  and  all  the  Magistrates  judged  and  decreed 
no  otherwise  than  as  they  were  directed  by  the 
Emperor,  or  his  Favorites,  an  enterprizing  Man 
(under  which  Denomination  he  included  all 
Rogues)  had  an  easy  Game  to  play,  for,  says  he, 
it  was  but  touching  the  Courtiers  (I  speak  in  his 
own  Terms)  and  all  was  rug  ;  for  Courtiers  are 
always  obsequious  to  the  Touch. 

"  As  he  often  frequented  the  Plays,  partly 
for  Pleasure,  and  partly  for  Profit  (haying 
generally  Hands  at  Work  there )  he  much  admired 
that  Scene  in  the  '  Recruiting  Officer,'  where  the 
Constable  bringing  a  Man  before  a  Magistrate. — 
The  Magistrate  demands  of  the  Constable  whal 
he  has  to  say  against  that  Man,  nothing,  (answers 
the  Constable)  but  that  he's  an  honest  Man 
— This  Sentence  always  tickled  Jonathan,  anc 
he  said,  he  had  rather  to  have  been  Author  of 
that  Sentence  than  the  whole  play  besides,  for 
added  he,  this  is  Natural,  this  is  taken  from 
Life. 

"  He  bore  a  very  great  Veneration  for  Men  o 
Parts,   and  has   often    been    heard  to  say,  tha 
Men  of  Wit,  who  have  no  other  Inheritance  t< 
maintain  them,  should  ride  the  World,  and  bridl 
and  saddle  the  rest  of  Mankind  one  way  or  other 
but   he   abhorr'd    Quacks   or   Pretenders   in   any 
Art  or  Science,  and  therefore  he  commended  th 
Policy  of  the  Jesuites,  who  having  the  Education 
of  Youth  committed  to  them,  took  Care  that  n 
Fool  should  be  admitted  into  their  Society,  anc 
he  thought  that  the  Rogues  in  Great  Britain  should 
imitate  the  same  Policy ;   for  tho'  the  Faculty,  as 
he   sometimes   merrily   stiled   it,   was   in   a   very 
prosperous  Way,  yet  so  many  Fools  and  Bunglers 
were   daily   thrusting    themselves   into    it,    that 


vith  a  heavy  Heart  he  foresaw  they  would  bring' 
Roguery  into  Discredit,  at  last,  with  the  World. — 
his  was  owing,  he  said,  to  Mens  mistaking  their 
nclination  for  Genius.     There  are,  no  doubt  on't, 
,t  this  Time,  added  he,  great  Numbers  of  People 
iossess'd    with    strong    Inclinations    for    entring 
nto   our   Society,   as   they  shew  by  their  daily 
A.ctions,    but   they   want   Parts,   they   have   the 
Vill  without  the  Skill,  Address  or  Policy,  which 
ire  the  Qualities  that  must  bear  up  Persons  of 
ur  Profession  in  the  World. — Where's  the  Merit 
f    cheating    Women   or    Children,    Lunaticks,    or 
deois  ?    who   are   not,   in   any    Capacity    of    de- 
ending  themselves. — I  would  expel  such  a  mean 
pirited  Professor  from  my  Society,  as  a  Person 
unworthy  of  the  Name  of   Rogue,   and  unfit  for 
any   ingenious    Enterprize  ;      I    should     contemn 
lim  as  I  would  that  bragging  Soldier,  who  boast- 
ng  of  his  Courage,  said,  that  he  had  cut  off  the 
of  an  Enemy  in  the  last  Battle  :    It  had  been 
>raver,  methinks,    says    one  who    stood    by,  to 
lave    cut    off    his    Head  :     Oh  4     says    he,    that, 
was  cut  off  before." 

This  article  was  continued  and  completed 
n  the  following  issue,  thus  : — 

"  In  my  last  I  began  to  enter  upon  the  Character 
of  the  late  celebrated  Mr.  Jonathan  Wild,  of  most 
ingenious  and  most  roguish  Memory  ; — but,  I  find 
now,  that  I  only  drew  the  Out-lines  of  his  Figure,. 
and  that  much  remains  still  undone  towards- 
giving  the  World  a  right  Idea  not  only  of  the 
Capacity  of  this  extraordinary  Man,  but  of  that 
Plan  which  he  had  form'd  to  himself  for  the 
onduct  and  Government  of  Life. 
"Therefore  I  think  fit  to  observe,  that  as  his 
blown  Intimacy  with  some  Persons  of  con- 
siderable Rank  gave  Men  Occasion  to  suspect 
bhat  he  was,  at  Bottom,  the  Projector,  at  least 
Adviser — of  several  very  strange  Things,  which,  of 
late  Years  have  appeared  in  the  World  (to  his 
no  small  Discredit). — As  I  would  give  the  Devil! 
his  due,  so  I  shall  endeavour  to  clear  him  from 
those  false  Aspersions  which  seem  to  blacken  his 
Memory,  being  willing  to  set  the  World  right  in 
that  Affair. 

"  Among  other  things  he  intirely  disclaim 'd 
his  having  any  Hand  in  the  late  South-Sea 
Scheme,  and  protested  he  had  no  acquaintance 
with  Mr.  Robert  Knight ;  nor  would  he  own 
that  he  was  any  way  concern'd  in  the  Bubble 
call'd  the  Bahama  Islands,  nor  in  the  Welsh 
Copper,  nor  in  the  Brass,  or  Iron,  or  Deal  Boards, 
or  any  of  those  ridiculous  Projects  which  in  those 
Times  started  up  every  Day  in  'Change-Alley,  and 
died  in  a  Week. — Not  that  it  would  have  disturb 'd 
his  Conscience  to  have  got  Money  that  Way 
(which  he  frankly  own'd  to  me  ;)  but  his  Pride  ' 
was  such,  that  he  scorn'd  to  be  concern'd  in  any 
Roguery  where  there  was  not  some  Wit  and  : 
Ingenuity  in  the  Contrivance,  and  some  Danger 
in  the  Execution  ;  therefore  he  used  to  speak 
with  the  utmost  Contempt  of  a  Sort  of  Men 
known  by  the  Name  of  Pensioners  ;  an  Office,  he 
said,  no  Man  of  the  least  Spirit  or  Parts  would 
accept,  because  the  Business  may  be  done  by 
Ideots,  as  well  as  Men  of  Sense,  and  he  was  for 
putting  them  on  a  Foot  with  Scavengers  ;  and  b 
often  protested  he  never  made  use  of  any  (though 
the  World  suspected  he  did)  swearing  he  would 
never  give  them  Bread,  for  he  would  have  no 
Fools  in  his  Commonwealth. 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  i,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


263 


"  The  Success  of  all  his  Enterprizes  was 
owing  to  that  State-Maxim  of  taking  Times  and 
Opportunities,  which  he  strictly  observed  ;  and 
which  he  said  was  the  Life  and  Soul  of  Business 
as  might  be  seen  by  what  was  done  in  his  Ex- 
pedition to  the  Instalment  at  Windsor,  where  he 
succeeded,  in  laying  hold  of  Things  he  never  could 
have  come  at,  if  that  Opportunity  had  been 
slipp'd. 

"  He  communicated  to  me  a  Design  he  had  of 
getting  a  Treatise  wrote  de  Legibus  Naturce; 
under  which  Title,  Theft,  and  all  Kinds  of 
Knavery  should  be  recommended  as  vertuous  and 
honoura'ble  Actions  ;  and  that  they  were  justi- 
fiable by  the  Laws  of  Nature,  which  teach  us  to 
seek  our  own  Good  ;  and  that  he  intended  to 
employ  the  ingenious  Pen  of  the  Author  of  the 
'  Fable  of  the  Bees  '  for  that  Purpose,  whom  he 
look'd  upon  to  be  equal  to  the  Subject  ;  and  he 
confess'd  to  me,  that  it  was  he  who  gave  that 
Author  the  Hint  of  a  Thing  which  makes  so 
considerable  a  Figure  in  his  Book,  viz.,  that  where 
he  endeavours  to  prove  robbing  #n  the  Highway 
to  be  for  the  Good  of  the  Publick. 

"  When  his  Troubles  came  upon  him,  I  visited 
him,  in  order  to  sound  what  his  Sentiments  were 

of  his  own  Condition. For,  as  it  was  reported, 

that  there  would  be  a  numerous  Train  of  Indict- 
ments brought  against  him,  some  of  which  were  for 
Crimes  long  since  committed,  I  was  willing  to 
know  of  him,  whether  he  intended  to  plead  the 
Act  of  Grace  ?  To  which  he  answer'd  in  the 

Negative,  adding,  that  he  scorn'd  it ;  for,  says 

he,  an  Act  of  Grace  is  to  some  People  like  a  Harbour 
to  Pyrates,  where  they  lay  up  in  Safety  what 
they  have  pillaged  upon  the  open  Seas,  whereas 
a  Man  of  true  Spirit  would  rather  keep  the  Seas, 
and  trust  his  own  Courage  and  Resolution  than 
to  have  Recourse  to  such  Shifts  as  plainly  dis- 
cover both  his  Guilt  and  his  Fear. — Many  such 
wise  Sayings  often  dropp'd  from  him,  which  I  have 
laid  up  in  the  Table  of  my  Memory,  designing, 
some  Time  or  other,  to  publish  them  for  the 
universal  Good  of  Mankind. 

"  Though  the  Application  of  this  Simile  was  just 
and  well  hit,  yet  I  suspected  there  was  a  little  Vanity 
in  the  Declaration,  and  that,  as  the  Fox,  who 
could  not  come  at  the  Grapes  which  his  Chaps 
water'd  at,  said,  at  going  off,  they  were  sowre  ; 
so  Jonathan  slighted  the  Act  of  Grace,  from  a 
Consciousness  that  he  would  not  be  protected  by 
it ;  therefore  I  put  the  Question  to  him  directly, 
\vhether  he  thought  his  Crimes  could  by  any 
Construction,  come  under  the  Cover  of  the  said 
Act  ?  -  He  made  me  no  direct  Answer,  but 
smil'd,  and  said,  The  Act  was  not  of  his  drawing  up. 
"  But  since  I  have  taken  Notice  of  his  Erudi- 
tion, and  hinted  at  his  wise  Sayings,  I  think  ii 
will  not  be  amiss  to  inform  the  World,  that  for 


pleas'd 

put  into  my  Hands,  having  first  exacted  a  Promise 
from  me  not  to  publish  it  till  seven  Years  after  his 
Death,  which  Request,  as  I  intend  religiously  to 
observe,  I  hope  my  courteous  Correspondents,  to 
whom  I  am  sometimes  obliged,  and  whose 
Curiosity  (no  doubt)  will  be  rais'd  up  to  a  Pitch  o 
Impatience,  will  not  expect  or  desire  that  I  shoulc 
inviolate  the  said  Promise  by  publishing  any 
Pafrt  of  these  Memoirs  in  my  weekly  Labours,  til 
the  said  Time  is  expired. 


"  I  shall  only  observe  in  general,  that  the  said 
listory  is  very  curious  in  its  Kind,  a  great  many 
°>tate    Intrigues   being  there   laid   open   and   ac- 
ounted    for,  and  the  secret    Causes  which  pro- 
duced them  discovered,  that  it  is,  as  to  Stile  and 
Truth,  Matter  much  preferable  to  another  History 
>f  the  same  Kind  lately  publish'd,  and  is  free  both 
rom  the  Vanity  and  Rancour  which  makes  up 
he  greatest  Part  of  that  History. 

"  But  now  that  I've  said  so  much  of  this  extra- 
ordinary Man,  methinks  his  Character  must  still 
appear  imperfect,  unless  I  give  some  Account 
of  his  Principles  both  as  to  Church  and  State, 
there  being  no  Englishman  altogether  indifferent 

upon  those  Articles. As  to  Religion,  he  was  a 

Freethinker,  and  I'm  afraid,  a  little  inclin'd  to 
Atheism  (if  I  may  be  allow'd  to  call  that  a 
Religion).  As  to  Party,  he  was  both  in  Principle 
and  Practice  a  right  Modern  Wliig,  according  to 
bhe  Definition  of  those  Gentlemen,  which  is  ex- 
press'd  in  this  their  Motto. — Keep  what  you  get,, 
and  get  ivhat  you  can." 

In  this  somewhat  abrupt  fashion  the  essay 
ends;  and  the  "make-up"  of  the  paper 
suggests  to  the  observant  eye  that,  as  it 
had  begun  to  tread  on  ground  which  Mist, 
to  his  cost,  had  previously  found  highly 
dangerous,  it  was  deliberately  cut  short  at 
this  point.  But  enough  remains  to  illustrate 
my  suggestion  that  in  this  contemporary 
effort  is  to  be  found  the  germ  of  '  The  His- 
tory of  the  Life  of  the  late  Mr.  Jonathan 
Wild  the  Great.'- 

Is  it  too  audacious  to  suggest  that  both 
were  by  the  same  author  ?  It  is  true  that 
Fielding  was  only  just  over  eighteen  when 
the  *'  Mist  "  articles  appeared,  but  his  was 
a  literary  talent  which  blossomed  early,  for 
the  first  of  his  dramatic  essays  produced  on 
the  stage  was  given  at  Drury  Lane  in 
February,  1728,  before  he  was  twenty-one. 
Let  any  one  carefully  study  the  style  of  the 
"  Mist "  articles,  the  allusion  to  Wild  as 
"  great,"-  the  attack  upon  Walpole  (after- 
wards developed  in  various  directions,  and 
not  least  pointedly  in  '  Jonathan  Wild  the 
Great '),  and  the  promise  of  a  biographical 
study  of  the  hero  to  follow  some  years  later 
this  critical  one,  and  he  will  be  tempted  to 
ask  what  other  author  of  the  time  can  be 
credited  with  the  effort. 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 


BE  AVER. LEAS. 

BEVERLEY  BROOK,  which  runs  near  the  west 
side  of  Putney  Heath  and  Wimbledon 
Common,  is,  in  its  name,  the  only  surviving 
evidence  that  beavers  ever  occupied  the 
affluents  of  the  Thames,  it  being  presumed 
that  it  was  anciently  and  originally  so  called. 
A  local  committee  is,  at  the  present  time, 
trying  to  preserve  the  beauty  of  this  clear- 


264 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  i,  1910, 


trunning  stream  by  acquiring  for  the  public 
the  land,  mostly  woody,  on  either  side 
•extending  for  a  mile  or  more  above  the  bridge 
near  the  Robin  Hood  Gate  of  Richmond 
Park.  It  still,  however,  "  depends  on  the 
public  spirit  of  the  Metropolis "  whether 
this  desirable  object  can  be  accomplished, 
as  the  Hon.  Secretary,  Mr.  Richardson  Evans, 
wrote  in  The  Standard  of  3  September. 
Where  this  brook  falls  into  the  Thames  is 
,a  sort  of  delta,  above  which  may  have  been 
the  haunt  of  the  beavers  in  days  of  yore. 

There  are  many  other  small,  now  shrunken 
•tributaries  of  rivers  where  evidently  these 
'ingenious  animals  have  had  their  dwellings 
an  former  ages,  perhaps  in  some  few  cases, 
as  in  Wales,  even  down  to  the  time  of 
Giraldus  Cambrensis.  In  fact,  we  may 
suspect  there  were  at  one  time  beavers  in  the 
woods  above  the  level  of  the  Thames  marshes 
in  the  Westbourne,  the  Tybourne,  and  the 
Fleet. 

In  the  case  of  the  picturesque  old  York- 
shire town  of  Beverley,  which  has  grown  up 
around  the  grand  and  venerable  minster  of 
St.  John,  the  name  is  said,  from  its  early 
spelling  "  Beverlac,"  to  have  meant  the 
"beavers'  lake.'1  This  the  late  CANON 
ISAAC  TAYLOR  has  shown  (9  S.  vi.  6)  to  be  a 
mistake,  as  "  lac  "  represents  leag,  a  meadow, 
as  in  Elmeslac.  Besides,  "  lake  "  was  not 
used  in  Yorkshire  ;  even  a  village  duck- 
,pond  was  called  a  "mere2'  or  "  marr  *'  in 
the  East  Riding. 

It  is  a  curious  fact,  however — and  there 
•are  many  examples  in  the  Dominion  of 
Canada,  where  "  beaver  meadows  "  abound 
— that  when  a  beaver  dam  is  abandoned, 
.as  these  always  are  in  time  on  the  approach 
of  man,  the  lake  gets  silted  up  like  a  neglected 
mill-pond.  An  emerald-green  meadow  then 
takes  its  place  as  if  by  magic.  A  sluggish 
'beck  still  wanders  through  Beverley  into 
the  Hull,  and  Highgate  and  Eastgate  form  a 
•sort  of  triangle  with  the  Minster,  which  may 
•well  have  been  built  on  the  site  of  the  dam, 
Wednesday  Market  being  the  apex  of  the 
green  meadow  in  the  wood  that  probably 
attracted  St.  John  to  this  secluded  spot 
early  in  the  eighth  century.  This  was  the 
"  beaver  lea,"  for  the  beavers  had  gone,  but 
'those  who  first  named  it  knew  that  such 
it  was. 

Nigel  de  "  Mubrai "  (temp.  Hen.  II.)  gave 
the  monks  of  Fountains  an  extension  of 
; their  lands  towards  Craven,  "  ad  incremen- 
tum  sicut  rivus  in  Beverlai  cadit  in  Nid 
ubi  vetus  capella  fuit  "  ('  Mon.  Angl.,'  i.  757). 
This  is  Bewerley,  near  Pateley  Bridge  in 


Nidderdale,    spelt   Beuerley   as   late  as  the 
time  of  Elizabeth. 

The  site  of  Fountains  Abbey  itself  is  not  an 
unlikely  spot  for  a  colony  of  beavers  long 
before  the  foundation  of  the  abbey. 

A.  S.  ELLIS. 
Westminster. 


TOTTEL'S     '  MISCELLANY,'     PUTTEN- 
HAM'S  '  ARTE  OF  ENGLISH  POESIE,' 
AND  GEORGE  TURBERVILE. 
(Concluded  from  p.  183.) 

THE  pages  in  Puttenham  are  given  first,  and 
the  references  to  pages  in  Tottel  (indicated 
by  T.)  follow  the  quotations. 

From  the  Earl  of  Surrey. 
86,    136,   and   144.  When    raging  love  with  ex- 

treanie  paine,  &c. — T.  14. 
136.  A  fairer  beast  of  fresher  hue  beheld  I  never 

none. — T.  218. 

138.  What  holy  grave  (alas)  what  sepulcher. — T. 

28. 

139.  Full  manie  that  in  presence  of  thy  livelie  hed 
.     Shed  Caesars  teares  upon  Pompeius  hed. — 

T.  28. 

203.  Give  place  ye  lovers  here  before,  &c. — T.  20. 

204.  In  winters  just  returne,  when  Boreas  gan  his 

raigne,  &c. — T.  16. 
248.  But  as  the  watrie  showres  delay  the  raging 

wind,  &c. — T.  222. 
248r     Then  as  the  striken  deere,  withdrawes  hrm- 

selfe  alone,  &c.— T.  221. 

The  sonnet  headed  "  Vow  to  love  faith- 
fully howsoever  he  be  rewarded,51  Tottel, 
pp.  11-12,  is  claimed  for  Sir  Thomas  Wyatt 
by  Puttenham,  who  quotes  it  fully,  p.  231. 
It  is  unlike  Surrey  ;  it  bears  more  than  an 
ordinary  resemblance  to  other  poems  in 
Wyatt,  whose  style  and  phrasing  it  repro- 
duces ;  and  it  is  seemingly  related  to  another 
sonnet  in  the  Wyatt  collection.  Puttenham 
is  a  good  guide  in  such  matters,  and  he  had 
access  to  other  sources  of  information  than 
the  '  Miscellany,"  as  is  proved  by  his  varia- 
tions from  Tottel.  I  may  add  that  the  poem 
is  a  translation  from  Petrarch,  that  it  is 
imitated  by  Turbervile  in  his  '  A  Vow  to 
serve  faithfully'  ('Songs and  Sonnets,' p.  134, 
ed.  1567),  and  that  another  imitation  is  to 
be  found  in  'The  Phoenix  Nest,'  1593,  in  an 
unsigned  poem  commencing, 
Set  me  where  Phoebus  heate  the  flowers  slaieth. 

From  Sir  Thomas  Wyatt. 
136.  I  finde  no  peace  and  yet  mie  warre  is  done,    i 

&c.— T.  39. 
139.     The  enemie  to  life  destroier  of  all  kinde. — 

T.  63. 
139.  If  amorous  faith  in  an   hart   unfayned. — 

T.  70. 
139.  Mine  old  deere  enemy  my  fro  ward  master. — 

T.  46. 


ii  B.  ii.  OCT.  i,  i9io.j         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


265^ 


i;;i».  The  furious  gone  in  his  most  raging  ire. — 

T.  54. 
14°.  Like  unto  these,  immeasurable  mountaines, 

&c.— T.  70. 
144.  Farewell  love  and  all  thie  lawes  for  ever. — 

T.  70. 
187.  The  restlesse  state  renuer  of  my  smart,  fyc. 

— T.  45. 
187.  If  weaker  care  if  sodaine  pale  collour,  &c. — 

T.  36. 

^i'  1 .  Perdie  I  said  it  not,  &c.— T.  66-7. 
236.  When  fortune  shall  have  spit  out  all  her  gall, 

&c.— T.  54. 

236.  Accused  though  I  be  without  desart,  &c. — 

T.  55. 

From   Uncertain  Authors. 

85  and  261.  The  smoakie  sighes,  the  bitter  teares, 
&c.— T.  175. 

For  his  own  purposes,  Puttenham  has 
designedly  altered  bitter  teares  to  trickling 
teares  in  the  second  quotation.^ 

186.  For  in  her  mynde  no  thought  there  is,  &c. — 

T.  236. 
191.  I  lent  my  love  to  losse,  and  gaged  my  life  in 

vaine. — T.  158. 

203.  But  since  it  will  no  better  be,  &c. — T.  182. 
My  faith,  my  hope,  my  trust,  my  God   and 

eke  my  guide,  &c. — T.  143. 

237.  And  for  her  beauties  praise,  no  wight  that 

with  her  warres,  &c. — T.  126. 

In  p.  86  of  Puttenham  a  further  quotation 
is  adduced  from  the  Earl  of  Surrey,  but  this 
is  not  in  Tottel,  being  the  first  line  of 
Surrey's  translation  of  Ecclesiastes,  chap.  i. 

I  have  no  space  to  deal  with  Turbervile's 
borrowings  and  imitations  of  poems  in 
Tottel's  '  Miscellany,'  which  must  have  been 
known  to  Puttenham.  Besides,  they  are  so 
apparent  to  anybody  acquainted  with  Tottel 
that  it  would  be  a  waste  of  time  and  space 
to  treat  of  them  exhaustively.  An  almost 
sure  guide  to  them  is  to  be  found  in  com- 
paring the  titles  in  both  sets  of  songs  and 
sonnets.  For  instance,  take  the  following  : 

The  lover  compareth  his  hart  to  the  overcliarged 

gonne. 

Tin    furious  goonne,  in  his  most  ragyng  yre, 
When  that  the  boule  is  rammed  in  to  sore,  &c. 

Tottel,  p.  54. 

When  imitating  the  poem  Turbervile 
Lr;i\e  to  his  poem  the  title  'The  Lover 
declares  that  unlesse  he  utter  his  sorrowes 
by  sute,  of  force  he  dyeth."  Then  he  opens 
with  lines  which  only  too  plainly  show  his 
want  of  originality  : — 

Lyke  as  the  gunne  that  hath  too  great  a  charge, 
And  pellet  to  the  powder  ramde  so  sore,  &c. 

Collier,  p.  74. 

In  another  poem  Wyatt  bids  adieu  to  his 
bed,  and  the  burden  to  each  stanza  is  "  my 
bed,  I  thee  forsake."  It  occurs  in  Tottel, 
!>•  45,  and  is  entitled  "  The  lover  to  his  bed, 
with  describing  of  his  unquiet  state."  It  is 


a  very  fine  piece  of  work,  and  was  admired 
by  Puttenham.  The  parallel  poem  in 
Turbervile,  p.  62,  is  headed  "The  Lover  to 
his  carefull  bed,  declaring  his  restless  state," 
and  the  burden  all  through  is  "  (O  bed,)  I 
thee  forsake." 

Sometimes  the  titles  in  Tottel  and  Turber- 
vile are  identical,  and  the  poems  exhibit 
not  only  identity  of  subject  and  similarity 
of  treatment,  but  also  the  same  language  or 
phrasing.  Most  certainly,  Puttenham  was 
justified  in  denouncing  Turvervile  as  an 
imitator,  but  I  think  he  treated  the  poet 
too  harshly,  and  must  have  had  some  per- 
sonal motive  in  doing  so. 

CHARLES  CRAWFORD.- 


FAIRIES  :  RUFFS  AND  REEVES. — A  nurse 
told  a  child  of  mine,  some  time  before  the 
middle  of  the  sixties  of  the  last  century,  that 
her  mother  had  seen  fairies  dancing  on 
Brumby  Common  in  the  north-west  of 
Lincolnshire,  near  the  Trent.  When  this 
fanciful  story  was  repeated  to  me,  I  had  no 
difficulty  in  supplying  its  interpretation. 
The  woman  had  assuredly  not  told  a  wilful 
falsehood,  but  what  she  had  seen,  and  felt 
sure  were  fairies,  were  ruffs  and  reeves  dan- 
cing on  a  dry  hillock  in  a  solitary  place, 
where  they  wrere  almost  sure  to  be  free  from 
interruption.  They  have,  I  believe,  often 
been  seen  engaged  in  this  sport  ;  but  now 
these  beautiful  and  interesting  birds  are 
almost,  if  not  entirely  extinct,  though 
they  were  common  before  the  days  of  the 
great  enclosures,  when  there  was  a  long 
stretch  of  uncultivated  land  on  the  eastern 
bank  of  the  Trent,  which  wild  birds  and 
mammals  had  nearly  to  themselves. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Kirton-in-Lindsey. 

"AIRMAN." — The  appearance  of  this 
neologism  as  an  equivalent  for  "  aviator  " 
surely  deserves  to  be  chronicled  in  the  pages 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  Though  the  '  N.E.D.'  quotes 
two  instances  of  the  use  of  "airmanship*' 
from  The  Daily  Telegraph  of  1864,  the  word 
"airman,51  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  first 
occurred  in  The  Times  of  13  July  last,  in  an 
account  of  the  death  of  the  Hon.  C.  S. 
Rolls  at  Bournemouth,  as  also  in  that 
paper's  leading  article  thereon.  Presumably 
the  word  was  formed  on  the  model  of 
"  seaman "  and  "  superman,"  and  not  in 
contradistinction  to  "waterman."  It  re- 
mains to  be  seen  whether  it  will  become- 
general.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 


266 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  i,  1910. 


CASLON'S  TYPE  -  FOUNDRY,  CHISWELL 
STREET. — The  destruction  of  the  old  house 
for  so  many  years  in  the  occupation  of  Messrs. 
H.  W.  Caslon  &  Co.,  the  famous  type- 
founders, is,  I  think,  worthy  of  a  note  in 
'  N.  &  Q.'  The  museum  of  type  curiosities 
;and  antiquities,  and  the  fine  collection  of 
valuable  books,  the  property  of  the  firm, 
have  been  removed  to  their  new  premises 
in  the  same  street.  The  building  now 
being  demolished,  an  old-fashioned  structure 
with  low-ceilinged  rooms  and  windows  flush 
with  the  walls,  was  built  in  1730,  when 
No.  22  served  the  founder  of  the  firm, 
William  Caslon,  both  as  his  mansion  and 
his  business  premises. 

Caslon  the  first,  as  he  is  known  in  the 
world  of  printing,  was  born  at  Halesowen  in 
Worcestershire  in  1692,  of  Spanish  parents, 
who  appear  to  have  come  to  England  from 
the  Netherlands.  When  he  began  his  life's 
work,  we  received  all  our  type  from  Holland ; 
but  his  success  was  so  great  that  he  not 
only  conquered  the  English  market,  but 
became  renowned  on  the  Continent  as  well. 
He  was  an  enthusiastic  musician,  and  the 
.long  front  room  on  the  first  floor  was  famous 
for  its  concerts.  Handel  often  being  a  guest 
at  the  time  when  his  compositions  were  the 
.last  note  in  modern  music. 

FREDERICK  T.  HIBGAME. 

"  SCHELM  "  =  WILD  CABNIVORA.  —  The 
word  schelm  appears  to  have  developed  a 
new  meaning  in  Central  Africa  during  the 
last  twenty  years,  probably  from  Boer 
hunters,  viz.,  a  pack  of  wild  carnivora. 
Mr.  Stanley  Portal  Hyatt  in  his  recently 
issued  'Diary  of  a  Soldier  of  Fortune7 
(why  are  so  many  books  now  published 
without  dates  ?),  referring  to  his  residence 
:in  Mashonaland  in  1899,  writes  : — 

"  The  schelm  had  departed— with  their  prey." 
"  The  schelm  came  fast,  once  the  lion  had  shown 
them  the  way." 

Perhaps   the  word   is   used   generically,    as 
"vermin  "  by  a  gamekeeper.         H.  P.  L. 

"  LECTURAGE." — In  a  certain  place  there 
is  an  endowment  for  a  lecturer,  and  the 
present  holder  of  the  office,  who  was  ap- 
pointed in  1905,  gives  his  address  in  Crock- 
ford's  '  Clerical  Directory  'as  "  The  Lectur- 
age."  This  shocking  word  does  not  appear 
in  the  '  N.E.D.'  W.  C.  B. 

ST.  MICHAEL'S  CHURCH,  WORCESTER. — 
It  may  be  noted  that  the  mural  tablets  in 
this  disused  church  are  about  to  be  trans- 
ferred to  St.  Helen's  Church,  Worcester. 
The  St.  Michael's  records  begin  in  1543. 


Lord  Chancellor  Somers  was  registered  in 
this  church,  a  record  of  his  birth  being 
inserted  in  the  register  of  baptisms.  The 
present  St.  Michael's  Church  was  consecrated 
in  1840.  W.  H.  QUARRELL. 

"  SPARROWGRASS  "  :  "  ASPARAGUS."-  - 
*  The  Standard  Dictionary'  says  "sparrow- 
grass  "  is  a  corruption  of  "  asparagus,'*  but 
query.  For  the  Turkish  name  for  the 
vegetable  is  qoosh  qonmdz,  meaning  "sparrow 
(bird)  cannot  settle,"  in  the  sense  of  the 
asparagus  being  too  slender  for  the  sparrow 
to  alight  on  it.  H.  H.  JOHNSON. 

Cairo. 

CHAINED  BOOKS. — At  8  S.  iv.  287  ap- 
peared a  request  by  MR.  W.  B.  GERISH 
for  further  examples  of  "books  in  chains," 
which  produced  in  later  volumes  of  that 
Series  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  much  interesting  infor- 
mation. This,  however,  mainly  concerned 
such  volumes  as  had  been  so  fixed  in  churches 
or  other  ecclesiastical  buildings  ;  but  there 
can  be  supplied  a  striking  example  of  chained 
books  in  a  guard -room. 

There  was  issued  on  3  April,  1739,  a 
Treasury  warrant  for  the  execution  of  a 
Lord  Chamberlain's  warrant  to  the  Duke 
of  Montagu  for  the  delivery  to  the  Hon. 
Grey  Maynard  of  a  folio  Bible,  a  folio  Book 
of  Common  Prayer,  and  a  Baker's  '  Chro- 
nicle,'; with  iron  chains  and  pins  to  chain  the 
same  to  the  reading-desk  in  the  Guard 
Chamber  at  St.  James's,  for  the  use  of  the 
Yeomen  of  the  Guard,  all  at  an  estimate  of 
£13  ('  Calendar  of  Treasury  Books  and 
Papers,  1739-41,'  p.  18). 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

LOYAL  ADDRESSES. — It  is,  I  believe,  some- 
what unusual  to  find  these  offered  for  sale, 
the  general  impression  being  that,  after  the 
lapse  of  a  certain  period,  they  are  burnt. 
One  such  address — inscribed  on  vellum,  and 
signed  by  the  nobility  and  gentry  of  Hert- 
fordshire, dated  July  10,  1710,  and  presented 
to  Queen  Anne — has  lately  been  offered  to 
me  for  a  guinea.  W.  B.  GERISH. 

Bishop's  Stortford. 

PRYSE  LOCKHART  GORDON. — Those  who 
possess  the  '  D.N.B.1  may  be  glad  to  know 
that  Gordon,  who  is  there  loosely  described 
as  "fl.  1834,"  was  born  on  23  April,  1762, 
and  died  at  Cheltenham  2  September,  1845. 
It  appears  from  the  will  of  his  son  George 
Huntly  Gordon  (Scott's  amanuensis)  that 
some  pages  of  the  '  Personal  Memoirs ' 
were  suppressed.  It  is  not  generally  known 
that  the  late  Mr.  Panmure  Gordon,  the  stock- 
broker, was  his  nephew.  J.  M.  BULLOCH. 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  i,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


267 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"TENDERLING":    'BABE  CHRISTABEL.' — 
A  review  of  this  poem  of  Gerald  Massey  in 
an  American  magazine  of  1899  cites  the  lines, 
They  [angels]  snatched  our  little  tenderling 
So  shyly  opening  into  view. 

These  are  not  in  the  "  ballad  "  as  printed 
in  the  edition  of  Massey's  poems  by  Rout- 
ledge,  1861.  Can  any  one  say  where  they 
occur,  or  whether  the  poem  was  altered  in 
successive  editions  ?  We  want  a  late  quota- 
tion for  "tenderling." 

J.    A.    H.    MUBBAY. 

Oxford. 

"  SPARROW-BLASTED." — Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  information  on  "  sparrow- 
blasted  "  ?  This  expression  occurs  in 
Bunyan's  '  Holy  War,'  chap.  ix.  p.  185 
(Ward,  Lock  &  Co.)  :— 

"Then  said  Mr.  Carnal-Security:  'Fie!  fie!  Mr. 
Godly-Fear,  fie  !  Will  you  never  shake  off  your 
timorousness  ?  Are  you  afraid  of  being  sparrow- 
blasted  ?  Who  hath  hurt  you  ? '" 

*  The  Standard  Dictionary  *  does  not  give  it. 

H.  H.  JOHNSON. 
Cairo. 

CAPT.  LYON,  R.N. — I  would  be  much 
obliged  if  I  could  be  put  in  communication, 
for  historical  purposes,  with  the  represen- 
tatives of  Capt.  Lyon,  R.N.,  of  Capt.  Parry's 
day.  DAVID  Ross  McCoBD,  K.C. 

Temple  Grove,  Montreal. 

"FABE  THEE  WELL,  MY  DEABEST  MABY 
ANN." — In  my  youth  there  was  a  favourite 
ditty  sung  on  the  forecastle  of  H.M.  ships. 
It  began  thus  : — 

Fare  thee  well,  my  dearest  Mary  Ann  ; 
Fare  thee  well  for  a  while. 
The  ship  is  ready,  the  wind  is  fair, 
And  I  am  bound  for  the  sea,  Mary  Ann, 
And  I  am  bound  for  the  sea  ! 

I  should  be  grateful  to  any  one  who  would 
kindly  supply  the  other  verses,  and  also 
give  me  information  as  to  the  date  and 
origin  of  this  old  sea  song. 

RICHARD  EDGCTJMBE. 
Meranerhof,  Meran,  Austria. 

'EDINBURGH  LITEBABY  JOUBNAL,'  1829- 
1831. — Who  was  the  editor,  and  who  were 
the  promoters,  of  The  Edinburgh  Literary 
Journal;  or,  Weekly  Register  of  Criticism 


and  Belles  Lettres,  6  vols.,  1829-31  ?  It  was 
published  by  Constable  &  Co.,  19,  Waterloo 
Place,  Edinburgh,  the  price  being  sixpence. 
After  1831  it  seems  to  have  been  merged 
into  The  Edinburgh  Weekly  Chronicle,  pub- 
lished by  William  Tait,  78,  Princes  Street, 
Edinburgh.  The  book-advertisements  are 
interesting  :  The  Athenceum  figures  amongst 
them.  Scott's  latest  books  are  exceptionally 
well  noticed,  while  there  are  original  articles 
by  Thomas  Aird,  Robert  Chambers,  R. 
Carruthers,  James  Hogg,  Mrs.  Hall,  L.  E.  L., 
Dr.  Memes,  and  others.  Ballantyne  &  Co. 
were  the  printers.  ROBEBT  COCHRANE. 

SYDNEY  SMITH  ON  SPENCER  PERCEVAL. — 
Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  give  the  passage 
from  Sydney  Smith  in  which  he  suggests 
that  the  domestic  virtues  of  Mr.  Spencer 
Perceval  are  of  no  importance  whatever 
to  England  if  he  combines  them  with 
governmental  incapacity  ?  I  should  like 
the  exact  words,  and  the  reference  where 
they  may  be  found.  B. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — In 
which  of  Michelangelo's  works  does  he 
make  use  of  the  aphorism  :  "  Trifles  make 
perfection,  and  perfection  is  no  trifle  "  ? 

N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

From  what  writer  are  the  following  lines 
culled  ? 

When  into  the  arms  of  Night  sinks  weary  Day, 
And  crimson  grows  the  west. 

J.  MACKAY  WILSON. 

"  PLUNDERING  AND  BLUNDERING." — The 
phrase  "plundering  and  blundering11  is 
supposed  to  have  been  originated  by  Mr. 
Disraeli  in  1873,  when  he  wrote  a  letter 
remarking  that  ' '  the  country  has,  I  think, 
made  up  its  mind  to  close  this  career  of 
plundering  and  blundering. ' '  But  the  phrase 
appeared  in  print  four  years  earlier.  In 
R.  F.  Burton's  '  Explorations  of  the  High- 
lands of  the  Brazil '  (i.  p.  11)  occur  the  words 
"  to  support  a  compatriot  against  a  native, 
however  the  former  may  blunder  or  plunder." 
Disraeli  may  have  glanced  over  the  book 
when  it  came  out.  Is  there  any  earlier 
instance  of  the  phrase  ?  W.  A.  H. 

[Disraeli's  historic  crystallization  of  this  phras  e 
should  have  been  included  in  the  4  N.E.D.'  under 
'  *  plunder  "  or  ' '  plundering."  Burton  expressed  the 
idea,  but  not  in  the  same  form.] 

ENGLISH  CLOCKS  IN  PONTEVEDRA  MUSEUM, 
GALICIA. — I  have  just  been  making  a  tour 
in  Spanish  Galicia,  and  at  Pontevedra,  in 
the  museum  of  Senor  Diego  Pazos  Espez, 


268 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [11  s.  u.  OCT.  i,  1910, 


I  noticed  the  following  English  clocks  : 
17th-century  clock,  "  London,  John  Taylor," 
a  smaller  one,  18th  century,  "  Jas8  Smith, 
London  "  ;  a  grandfather  clock,  "  Robfc  y 
Pedro  Higgs  y  Dios  Evan,  Londres,"  of  the 
17th  century  ;  another  "  Stepn  Rimbault, 
London,"  17th  century ;  and  another 
"  Eardley  Norton,  London."  I  noticed  also 
a  fine  pair  of  flint-and-steel,  silver -mounted 
duelling  pistols,  having  engraved  upon  each 
"  Major  Claud  Martin,  Arsenal,  Lucknow." 

This  wonderfully  interesting  museum — 
the  collection  of  one  man,  and  he  not  rich 
— should  be  visited  by  all  antiquaries  going 
to  Galicia,  as  it  contains  a  host  of  interesting 
ancient  articles,  including  some  unique 
pieces  of  Dresden  and  old  Chelsea  china. 

These  notes  I  thought  worth  making 
chiefly  for  the  information  of  readers  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  who  may  be  interested  in  old 
clocks.  How  did  they  get  to  Galicia  ? 
and  why  should  one  clock  have  "  Londres  " 
upon  it  ?  J.  HARRIS  STONE. 

'  POLITICAL  ADVENTURES  OF  LORD  BEA- 
CONSFIELD.' — I  should  be  glad  to  learn  who 
wrote  the  '  Political  Adventures  of  Lord 
Beaconsfield,'  a  series  of  papers  which 
appeared  in  The  Fortnightly  in  1878. 

J.  D..M-. 

Philadelphia. 

DR.  J.  C.  LITCHFIELD. — I  shall  be  glad  to 
receive  any  information  with  reference  to 
Dr.  J.  C.  Litchfield,  who  had  a  School  of 
Anatomy  in  Sidmouth,  Street,  London,  about 
1825,  and  was  the  author  of  an  'Attempt 
to  Establish  a  New  System  of  Medical 
Education.'  Whom  did  he  marry,  and 
what  was  the  date  of  his  death  ?  Please 
reply  to  J.  E.  P.  HALL. 

Loddington,  Herne  Bay,  Kent. 

JAMES  I.  CROWN  :  MODERN  EQUIVALENT. 
— Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  the  exact 
value  of  "  a  crown  "  in  the  time  of  James  I., 
and  what  would  be  its  equivalent  now  ? 
Was  "  a  crown  "  five  shillings  in  the  coinage 
of  the  early  Stuarts  ?  E.  L. 

[Surely  there  is  no  doubt  as  to  a  "crown  "  being 
five  shillings,  but  the  value  of  money  in  earlier  days 
is  much  disputed.  References  to  several  works 
bearing  on  the  subject  are  supplied  at  11  S.  i.  168, 
276.] 

MRS.  BURR'S  PAINTINGS. — Can  any  infor- 
mation be  afforded  concerning  Mrs.  Burr  ? 
She  seems  to  have  been  a  traveller  about 
the  middle  of  last  century,  as  several  pictures 
from  her  brush  are  of  scenes  in  Turkey  and 
Egypt.  LEO. 


WOODEN  EFFIGIES  AT  WESTON -UNDER- 
LIZARD. — I  shall  be  much  obliged  for  any 
information  on  the  following  subject.  At 
Weston-under-Lizard  Church,  Salop,  there 
are  two  monuments  of  wood  representing 
the  recumbent  figures  of  Sir  H.  Weston 
and  another  Weston,  both  Crusaders.  Are 
not  wooden  monuments  very  unusual  ? 

M.  S. 

Brewood,  Staffs. 

[Reference  should  be  made  to  the  volume  which- 
Dr.  A.  C.  Fryer  has  just  published  through  Mr. 
Elliot  Stock,  entitled  '  Wooden  Monumental  Effigies- 
in  England  and  Wales.'  A  review  of  it  appeared 
in  The  Athencvum  on 27  August.] 

GEOFFRY  ALD WORTH,  KING'S  MUSICIAN. — 
I  find  in  Treasury  Papers,  1687,  8  Aug.,  33:— 

"  Certificate  by  Tho.  Duppa,  gentleman  usher,, 
of  the  swearing  in  and  admission  of  Charles; 
Powell  as  musician, in  ordinary  to  King  James  the 
Second  of  the  private  music,  in  the  place  of 
Geoff ry  Aldworth,  deceased." 
I  should  be  grateful  for  any  other  particulars 
of  Geoffry  Aldworth. 

ARTHUR  ALDWORTH. 

Laverstock,  Salisbury. 

EDNA  AS  CHRISTIAN  NAME. — Whence  was 
this  feminine  name  derived  ?  It  has  lately- 
become  rather  common,  as  Miss  A.  E.  Bayly 
made  it  well  known  through  her  pseudonym 
','  Edna  Lyall."  The  earliest  example  Ij 
have  met  with  occurs  in  a  list  of  people  born 
in  the  earlier  half  of  the  nineteenth  century. 

To  my  surprise,  the  name  is  not  included. 
in  Miss  Yonge's  'History  of  Christ ian  Names,;' 
1884.  L.  C.  N. 

"MENDIANT,"  FRENCH  DESSERT. — What 
is  the  origin  of  the  use  of  ' '  mendiants  "  to> 
designate  a  French  dessert  ?  The  dic- 
tionaries explain  that  the  four  "  mendiants  " 
— figs,  raisins,  filberts,  and  almonds — 
suggest  the  four  orders  of  mendicant  friars,, 
but  are  silent  after  this  bare  statement. 

THOMAS  FLINT. 

Paris. 

"  GINGHAM  "  :  "  GAMP."  —  These  two 
words  are  now  so  generally  associated  with 
umbrella  that  it  is  almost  forgotten  that 
the  former,  at  least,  refers  to  the  material 
from  which  the  article  used  to  be  made 
rather  than  to  the  article  itself.  As  will 
be  found  in  most  dictionaries,  the  word 
"  gingham "  is  derived  from  Guingamp,  a 
town  in  Brittany  where  the  stuff  is  made. 
But  the  dictionaries  describe  the  slang  name 
of  "  gamp  "•  as  derived  from  Dickens' s  Mrs 
Gamp,  who  is  usually  represented  as  carryin 
a  large  umbrella.  It  seems  to  me  that  the 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  i,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


269 


origin  of  this  word  may  be  also  traced  to 
Guingamp,  and  it  would  be  worth  while 
finding  out  if  the  word  "  gamp  "  was  applied 
to  the  umbrella  before  the  immortal  Sairey 
came  on  the  scene.  W.  ROBERTS. 

.  [The  '  N.E.D.'  says  that  the  French  guingan, 
guingamp,  has  verbal  equivalents  in  Spanish, 
Portuguese,  Italian,  &c.,  all  ultimately  derived 
from  a  Malay  word  meaning  "  striped." 

"  Gamp,"  an  umbrella,  is  named  after  Dickens's 
character,  the  earliest  example  in  the  '  N.E.D.' 
being  in  1864,  while  'Martin  Chuzzlewit'  appeared 
1843-4.] 

NEWGATE  AND  WILKES. — Noorthouck  in 
his  '  History  of  London,'  under  date  31  May, 
1770,  after  recording  the  laying  of  the 
foundation  stone  of  old  Newgate  Prison  by 
Lord  Mayor  Beckford,  says  : — 

"  If  No.  45  was  cut  upon  thisj  stone  in  large 
characters,  as  was  reported,  it  is  to  be  hoped  the 
antiquarians  of  the  present  time  are  employed  in 
deciphering  more  sensible  monuments  than  those 
who  find  these  mystical  figures  ages  hence  may  be, 
if  they  labour  at  a  meaning  for  them." 

Was  this  stone  recovered  on  the  destruc- 
tion of  the  prison  ?  and  if  so,  does  it  bear 
the  alleged  numerical  reference  to  Wilkes  ? 
CHAS.  H.  HOPWOOD. 


"TOBY":  "SKEAN." — For  how  long 
after  the  date  of  the  following  paragraphs 
did  the  Irish  "  tory  "  or  rapparee  continue 
his  depredations  in  outlawry  ?  It  must  have 
been  considerably  later  than  the  death  of 
James  II.  in  1701.  And  at  what  precise 
time  did  the  term  become  applicable 
especially  to  those  who  stood  by  Church  and 
State  ? 

"  We  have  an  Account  from  Clonmel  in  Ireland 
of  a  large  Gang  of  Tories  or  Bapparees  having  done 
great  Mischief  in  those  Parts,  by  robbing  and 
pillaging  the  Country  for  some  Time  past ;  upon 
which  a  Party  of  Horse  of  the  Regular  Troops 
being  sent  in  Pursuit  of  them,  they  took  Sanctuary 
in  a  Smith's  forge,  and  made  such  a  desperate 
Defence,  that  having  shot  the  Cornet's  Horse 
under  him,  who  commanded  the  said  Troops 
tht'\  were  obliged  to  Fire  on  the  Forge,  before 
they  could  reduce  them,  and  the  Flames  increasing, 
they  attempted  to  escape,  and  two  of  them  did  so 
by  the  Thickness  of  the  Smoke,  and  a  third  by 
burning  his  Cloaths,  and  coming  out  in  a  Blanket 
wrapt  about  him  ;  but  six  others  of  them  were 
"hot,  and  four  taken  Prisoners,  and  one  of  those 
who  escaped  is  since  dead  of  his  Wounds.  The 
Horses  which  the  Rapparees  rode  on  could  not  be 
saved  from  perishing  in  the  Flames,  tho'  all 
possible  Endeavours  were  used  to  get  them  out." — 
London  Evening  Post,  22  Feb.,  1732. 

M  \\ '«•  hear  from  Catrick  in  the  County  of 
Monaghan,  that  on  Sunday  Night  last  James 
Calau,  a  proclaimed  Tory  in  the  Counties  of 
Meath  and  Cavan,  was  taken  in  a  House,  within 
three  Miles  of  that  Town,  by  Mr.  John  Johnston's 
TOIL  He  was  a  very  bold  and  desperate  Fellow, 


and  had  a  great  Part  of  the  Country  about  under 
Contribution  to  him ;  there  passed  several  Shots 
between  him  and  one  of  the  Men,  both  within 
and  without  the  House  ;  at  length  they  engaged, 
and  when  Calan  was  thrown  on  the  Ground,  he 
whipt  out  of  his  Breeches  a  long  Skean,  and 
stabbed  Mr.  Johnston's  Man  along  the  Ribs." — 
St.  James's  Evening  Post,  26  Sept.,  1738. 

Was  this  "Skean"  the  rapary  or  half- 
pike  with  which  the  robbers  were  armed, 
and  from  which  they  had  their  name  ? 

J.    HOLDEN  MACMlCHAEL. 

[For  the  early  history  of  "Tory"  see5S.  ix.  25, 
211,  317;  x.  45;  6S.  i.  395,  445;  iv.  403;  v.  33;  vii. 
6,  279. 

"  Skean  "  is  defined  in  the  four-volume  edition  of 
Annandale's  'Imperial  Dictionary'  as  "a  short 
sword  or  a  knife  used  by  the  Irish  and  Highlanders 
of  Scotland."} 

HANGING  -  SWORD  ALLEY  :  LOMBARD 
STREET  AND  PRIMROSE  HILL  OFF  FLEET 
STREET.— This  alley  leads  out  of  White- 
friars  Street,  Fleet  Street,  E.G.  What  is  its 
derivation  ?  Immediately  adjoining  are 
Lombard  Street  and  Primrose  Hill.  Is  there 
any  historical  authority  for  these  duplica- 
tions of  names  ?  FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 

WILL  WATCH,  THE  SMUGGLER. — Can  any 
one  refer  me  to  a  work  where  I  can  find 
information  about  this  "  bold  smuggler," 
the  hero  of  many  nautical  ballads  ? 

R.  M.  HOGG. 
Irvine,  Ayrshire. 

DEAN  SWIFT  AND  THE  IRISH  WAR  OF  1688- 
1691. — What  relation  was  Mr.  Swift,  who  was 
created  Lord  Carlingford  by  James  II. 
when  in  Ireland,  to  Dean  Swift  ?  Did 
the  future  Dean  (who,  if  the  date  usually 
assigned  to  his  birth  be  correct,  was  then  of 
full  age)  take  any  part  in  the  Irish  war  of 
1688-91,  with  his  sword  or  his  pen  ? 

J.  T. 

CARRACCI'S  PICTURE  OF  ST.  GREGORY. — 
Can  any  one  inform  me  what  became  of  the 
picture  of  St.  Gregory  by  Annibale  Carracci, 
which  was  once  in  the  church  of  S.  Gregorio, 
Rome  ?  I  have  heard  that  it  is  somewhere 
in  England.  VERUS. 

Cheltenham. 

MANSEL  FAMILY.  —  W.  W.  Mansel  states 
in  the  preface  to  his  *  Historical  and  Genea- 
logical Account  of  the  Family  of  Maunsell, 
Mansell,  or  Mansel,1  London,  1850,  that  he 
undertook  this  work  in  order  to  prove  the 
existence  of  Edward  Mansel,  a  younger  son 
of  Sir  Thomas  Mansel,  first  baronet,  and  to 
establish  his  descent  from  this  same  Edward 
Mansel.  He  promises  a  work  of  three  thick 
volumes,  but  as  only  one  thin  volume  is  to 


270 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         m  B..IL  OCT.  i,  mo. 


be  found  in  the  British  Museum,  his  work 
presumably  came  to  an  abrupt  end.  Is  the 
reason  for  this  known  ?  Also,  what  were 
the  sources  from  which  he  derived  his  infor- 
mation, by  which  he  declares  he  has  fully 
established  his  claim,  both  ' '  heraldically 
and  genealogically  n  ?  The  family  of  W.  W. 
Mansel  would  perhaps  be  willing  to  answer 
these  questions,  but  I  do  not  know  to  which 
branch  of  the  Mansel  family  he  belonged, 
or  if  any  of  his  descendants  are  living. 

MILES. 


ROBERT    HAYMAN,    POET. 

(11  S.  ii.  206.) 

I  AM  much  interested  in  MB.  W.  P.  COTJBT- 
NEY'S  note  in  which  he  shows  that  Robert 
Hayman  was  the  eldest  son  of  Nicholas 
Hayman,  and  confirms  a  conjecture  I  made 
at  10  S.  x.  23  (11  July,  1908).  The  follow- 
ing  additional  particulars — supplied  to  me 
three  years  ago  by  the  Rev.  T.  H.  Elliott, 
Vicar  of  Totnes — now  become  of  interest. 
They  are  all  from  the  Totnes  registers. 
{Baptisms. 

1579,  6    November.     M'gett,    the    daughter    of 
Nycholas  Heman. 

1580,  21     November.     Kychard,     the     son     of 
Nycholas  Heman. 

1582,  7  August.     Amis,  the  daughter  of  Nycholas 
Heman. 

1583,  18     September.     JennI,    the     daugh:     of 
Nycholas  Heaman. 

1586,  16  April. . .  .daughter  of  Nycholas  Hayman. 

Burials. 
1586,    15    May.     Amis,    the    wife    of    Nycholas 

Hayman. 
1586,     30  November daughter     of     Nycholas 

Hayman. 

The  Christian  name  of  Robert  Hayman's 
mother  was  therefore  Amis.  What  her 
surname  was  we  do  not  know.  Hayman 
several  times  mentions  as  his  cousin  or 
"cousin  german  "  Arthur  Duck,  Chancellor 
of  London,  who  was  born  at  Heavitree  as 
son  of  Richard  and  Joanna  Duck  in  1580 
(Prince's  '  Worthies  of  Devon  >).  Hayman 
gives  the  title  "  my  cousin  german  "  also  to 
Nicholas  Ducke,  bencher  of  Lincoln's  Inn. 
He  speaks  of  "  John  Barker,  esq.,  late  mayor 

of Bristol,"    as    "  my   brother-in-law." 

He  addresses  a  poem  '  To  Mrs.  Mary  Rogers, 
widdow,  since  marryed  to  Master  lohn 
Barker  of  Bristoll,  Merchant,  my  Brother 
in-law  *  ;  another  '  To  my  young  Cousens, 
lohn  and  William  Barker,  Abel  and  Mathew 
Rogers,  Sonnes  to  my  Brother  Barker  and 


lis   now   wife '  ;     another    '  To   my  pretty 

SJeece   Marie    Barker ' ;     another     *  To    my 

Sleece    and    God-daughter     Grace    Barker ' 

named    no    doubt    after    Hayman's    wife)  • 

another    '  To    my    Cousin   Mrs.    Eliz.    Flea, 

wife  to  Master  Thos.  Flea  of  Exeter,  Mer- 

hant  ••  ;     another    '  To   my   Cousin   Master 

lohn    Gunning     the    younger    of    Bristoll, 

Merchant.' 

Through  the  good  offices  of  Mr.  Elliott, 
Mr.  E.  Windeatt  of  Heckwood,  Totnes, 
supplied  me  with  some  further  facts  relating 
to  Nicholas  Hayman  three  years  ago,  and 
has  since  added  to  his  kindness. 

Mr.  Windeatt  informs  me  of  a  paper 
which  he  wrote  in  1908  for  the  Devonshire 
Association  on  '  The  Constitution  of  the 
Merchants'  Company  in  Totnes,  1579-1593.' 
In  this  it  is  shown  that  "  Mr.  Nic.  Hayman, 
Secretary,"  appears  among  the  officers  of 
the  Company  in  1579.  His  name  also  occurs 
among  the  freemen,  and  that  of  "Willm 
Hayman "  among  the  apprentices  of  the 
Company. 

Nicholas  Hayman  formed  one  of  a  deputa- 
tion of  Totnes  merchants  who  went  to 
Exeter  to  confer  with  the  merchants  there 
on  11  June,  1583  (E.  Windeatt's  paper 
'  Totnes :  its  Mayors  and  Mayoralties,' 
published  in  The  Western  Antiquary  and  in 
the  .Transactions  of  the  Devon  Associa- 
tion, p.  41,  and  W.  Cotton,  '  An  Elizabethan 
Guild of  Exeter,'  p.  67). 

Nicholas  Hayman's  name  appears  in  a  list 
of  persons  "who  subscribed  towards  the 
defence  of  the  county  at  the  time  of  the 
Spanish  Armada, n  as  follows :  "  1586, 
April  25.  Nicholas  Hayman  £25 "-  (Win- 
deatt, ut  sup.,  p.  45). 

He  was  Mayor  of  Totnes  in  1589,  as 
appears  from  a  letter  of  his  preserved  in  the 
muniments  of  the  Corporation  of  Totnes, 
in  which  he  says  that  he  had  subsequently 
gone  to  live  at  Dartmouth  (ibid.,  p.  50). 

Mr.  Windeatt  also  informs  me  of  a  paper 
in  the  British  Museum  dating  from  the 
year  of  Hayman's  Mayoralty  of  Totnes, 
with  the  heading:  "1590.  Document  in 
which  a  proposition  is  set  forth  by  the 
Mayor  Nicholas  Hayman  and  the  Corpora- 
tion assembled  in  the  Gilde  Hall  concerning 
the  Buyldinge  of  a  Market  for  selling  flesh, 
&c.n  G.  C.  MOOBE  SMITH. 

Sheffield. 


*  HUNGABY  IN  THE  EIGHTEENTH  CENTUBY  l 

(11  S.  ii.  204). — PBOF.  MABCZALI  will  pardon 
me  if  I  still  maintain  that  the  arrangement 
of  the  '  Regestak  *  is  extremely  confused. 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  1,1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


271 


The     chronological     order     is     not     always 
maintained.     Thus,  e.g.,  on  pp.  252  and  253 
1  extracts   from   documents   of    1685   are   in- 
serted between  some  of  1686,  and  on  p.  267 
extracts    from    papers    dated    1701    follow 
some   of    1705.     As   a   matter   of   fact    the 
petition  of  George  Brankovics,  which  I  have 
now  found,   bears  no   date   at   all.     PROF. 
MARCZALI  assigned  it  to  1691,  and  then  states 
in  his    '  Hungary '    that   the   waywode   (he 
!  means  the  despot)  was  cast  into  prison  in 
!  that  year.     On  turning  over  a  few  leaves, 
i  however,    in   the    '  Regestak '    we   find   the 
I  victim's   own   statement   that   he   was   im- 
i  prisoned  in  1689. 

Turning  to  another  part  of  the  *  Regestdk,' 
we  find  on  p.  133  a  title  in  bold  type  to 
indicate  that  what  follows  has  been  extracted 
from  documents  in  the  "  English  Royal 
Archives,'*  and  illustrates  the  history  of 
Gabriel  Bethlen,  Prince  of  Transylvania. 
To  all  appearance,  this  section  extends  to 
p.  247,  where  there  is  another  heading  in 
bold  type  "  From  the  Berlin  Archives  *'  ; 
but  the  last  document  bears  the  date  1664, 
when  Bethlen  and  two  of  his  successors  on 
the  throne  were  dead.  Probably  the  ex- 
tracts from  English  State  Papers  end  on 
p.  151  ;  but  in  that  case  the  question 
arises,  Where  can  the  originals  of  the 
bulk  of  the  State  papers  in  that  section  be 
,  found  ? 

With  regard  to  "  Dobzse  Laszl6 "  (in 
English  "Ladislas  All-Right"),  although 
the  difference  between  Ladislas  and  Uladis- 
lav  may  be  purely  one  of  orthography, 
according  to  PBOF.  MARCZALI'S  own  list 
(on  p.  xiii)  the  last  four  kings  bearing  that 
;name  spelt  differently  are  (in  chronological 
i  order)  denoted  as  follows :  Ladislas  IV., 
SWladislav  I.,  Ladislas  V.,  and  Wladislav  II., 
and  thereby  all  confusion  averted. 

As  regards  the  Rascians,  I  maintain  that 
no  explanation  of  the  name  is  given  in  the 
text  on  p.  197,  but  the  reader  is  referred  to 
the  foot-note  on  the  same  page  ;    and  in  the 
glossary  and  subject -index  under  *  Rascians 
(Serbs)  '  we  are  referred  for  an  explanation 
of  the  name  to  the  same  foot-note,  and  also 
to  pp.  198  and  199,  where  we  find  "  Serbs," 
Thraces"     (in     a     foot-note),     "  Rascian 
Serbs"    and    "Rascians,"    without    an   ex- 
planation.    On     the     other     hand,     under 
Serbs  l  we  are  referred  for  an  explanation 
their    "  relation    to    Rascians "    to    the 
it  -  mentioned    foot  -  note,     which     does 
>t  explain  the  relationship.     As  a  matter 
fact,    the    Rascians    are    Serbs    of    the 
rthodox  Greek  faith. 

THE  REVIEWER. 


BOASE'S  *  MODERN  ENGLISH  BIOGRAPHY  ' : 
WILLIAM  ROUPELL  (11  S.  ii.  226).— It  is 
strange  that  Mr.  Boase,  so  well  known  for 
his  accurate  biographies  in  the  '  D.N.B.' 
(I  remember  the  care  he  took  with  the  notice 
of  my  father,  seeing  me  several  times  in 
reference  to  it),  should  have  fallen  into  error 
as  to  the  death  of  William  Roupell.  No 
doubt  he  was  led  into  the  mistake  by  the 
general  idea  that  Roupell  was  dead.  Some 
newspapers  found  this  to  their  cost,  and 
ventured  on  libellous  and  sensational  accounts 
of  his  romantic  career,  when  they  discovered 
Roupell  to  be  very  much  alive,  and  had 
to  pay  damages  for  their  indiscretion. 

Roupell,  on  being  released  from  prison, 
returned  to  reside  near  the  home  of  his  boy- 
hood in  Roupell  Park.  He  felt  that  he  had 
done  his  utmost  to  atone  for  the  great 
wrong  he  had  committed,  and  had  suffered 
his  punishment ;  and  he  determined  to  do 
his  best  to  show  by  a  consistent  life  that 
he  thoroughly  repented  of  his  crime.  It  is 
believed  by  many  that  all  through  the  legal 
proceedings  he  was  intent  on  shielding 
another. 

The  present  Vicar  of  Christchurch,  S  treat  - 
ham  Hill,  the  Rev.  C.  Southey  Nicholl, 
related  in  The  Times  that  on  Roupell's 
release  the  then  vicar,  the  Rev.  Wodehouse 
Raven,  one  of  the  most  courtly  of  men, 
received  Roupell  cordially,  and  took  him 
round  to  all  the  chief  parishioners,  asking 
them  to  bid  him  welcome.  Roupell  from 
that  time,  though  always  in  very  humble 
circumstances,  did  his  best  to  aid  the 
working-men  in  the  district,  being  secre- 
tary of  their  Slate  Club,  and  on  Sundays 
was  a  regular  attendant  at  his  old  church 
in  the  Christchurch  Road.  He  was  always 
hard  at  work,  and  devoted  much  time 
to  the  culture  of  grapes,  for  some  of 
these  obtaining  prizes  at  the  shows  of  the 
Royal  Horticultural  Society,  of  which  he  was 
a  Fellow.  His  little  cottage  (more  like  a 
Robinson  Crusoe  hut  than  a  cottage)  was 
close  to  where  I  live,  so  I  saw  him  fre- 
quently, and  many  a  delightful  chat  we  had 
together.  He  was  full  of  political  informa- 
tion of  the  fifties  and  early  sixties,  and 
numerous  are  the  anecdotes  of  statesmen 
of  these  times  which  he  recounted  to  me 
in  his  beautiful  mellow  voice,  his  fine  open 
countenance  lighting  up  with  the  pleasant 
smile  with  which  he  greeted  all. 

On  the  Sunday  week  before  he  died — the 
14th  of  March,  1909 — he  came  to  my  house 
and  spent  the  day,  bringing  the  volumes  of 
McCarthy's  *  History  of  Our  Own  Times* 
which  I  had  lent  him.  He  gave  expression 


272 


.NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  i,  1910. 


to  the  pleasure  the  work  had  afforded  him 
recalling  as  it  did  many  events  in  which  he 
himself  had  taken  part  ;  and  he  spoke  of  its 
great  fairness.  Unfortunately,  on  that  day 
he  took  a  chill :  there  was  snow  on  the 
ground,  but  he  would  attend  the  morning 
service.  On  parting  at  night  from  my  wife 
and  myself  he  said  the  day  had  been  one  of 
the  happiest  Sundays  he  had  ever  spent. 
On  the  Tuesday  he  had  a  severe  attack  of 
pneumonia,  and  on  Thursday,  the  25th  of 
March,  1909,  as  stated  by  W.  C.  B.,  he  died. 
On  the  following  Thursday,  after  a  service 
at  Christchurch  in  which  many  neighbours 
took  part,  he  was  buried  at  Norwood  in  the 
same  grave  as  C  his  sister.  Among  the 
tributes  of  flowers  was  a  beautiful  wreath 
from  old  comrades  of  the  Volunteer  corps  of 
which  he  had  'been  colonel. 

Roupell  would  frequently  say  to  me  that 
when  he  died  "  all  the  terrible  past  would  be 
revived,"  and  so  it  proved.  He  was  desirous 
that  his  life  should  be  written  as  a  warning 
to  young  men.  If  this  were  done,  it  would 
truly  point  the  moral,  "  Good  in  all,  and  none 
all  good."  JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS* 

' '  UNECUNGGA  "  :  ' !  YNETUNGA  " :  "  GA  '  * 
(11  S.  ii.  143,  211).— PROF.  SKEAT'S  timely 
remarks  about  the  word  gd  cannot  fail  to 
have  a  twofold  effect :  on  the  one  hand, 
they  will  prevent  investigators  from  speaking 
of  gd  as  A.-S.  ;  on  the  other,  they  will  serve 
to  emphasize  what  I  said  in  the  concluding 
sentence  of  my  note  (supra,  p.  144),  when 
I  classified  my  emendations  into  *Oxna  ga, 
*Ohtna  ga,  and  *Ytena  ga,  as  Jutish.  It  is 
a  pity,  however,  that  when  PROF.  SKEAT 
was  condemning  J.  M.  Kemble  he  did  not 
at  the  same  time  identify  the  dialect  to 
which  gd  really  does  belong  ;  for  the  im- 
pression that  would  be  received  from  his 
remarks  by  a  student  of  the  subject  who 
had  not  read  Helfenstein's  '  Comparative 
Grammar  of  the  Teutonic  Languages1  (or 
some  other  author's)  would  be  that  there 
was  not  the  least  justification,  apart  from 
the  dubious  authority  of  the  MSS.  of  the 
'  Tribal  Hidage,'  for  tendering  such  a  word. 
But  gd  stands  to  O.H.G.  gou-,  A.-S.  *g$a, 
in  the  same  relationship  that  such  a  word, 
for  instance,  as  O.F.  hlapa  (a)  does  to 
O.H.G.  hloufu  (ou)  and  A.-S.  hleape  (ea). 
I  submit  that  the  fact  that  ga  is  not  true 
to  dialect  is  not  sufficient  reason  for  denying 
its  appearance  in  an  A.-S.  document  com- 
piled in  the  seventh  century. 

In  Bede  (' H.E.,'  IV.  vi.,  p.  218)  we  find 
"  Suder[i]geona  regio  iuxta  fluuium  Tamen- 
sem.n  The  A.-S.  version  rejects  the  form 


in  -ona  and  yields  "  Su]>rignaland.n  In  the 
'  Tribal  Hidage  '  we  get  "  Lindesfarona," 
and  we  ought  to  find  "  Sweordona,'1  but  the 
scribes  made  "  Sweordora  ?>  of  that.  None 
of  these  three  nouns  in  -ona  is  true  to 
dialect,  because  the  A.-S.  gen.  pi.  of  weak 
nouns  is  in  -ena.  Will  not  some  master  of 
Old  Teutonic  tell  us  to  what  dialect  the 
forms  -ona  and  gd  really  belong  ? 

The  Jutish  tract  of  country,  apart  from 
Kent,  was  originally  assessed  at  12,300 
hides.  It  comprised  —  19.  Wihtgaraland 
(600)  ;  20.  Oxna  ga  (5,000)  ;  21.  Ohtna  ga 
(2,000);  24.  "  Hendrica n  (3,500);  25. 
Ytena  ga  (1,200).  It  extended  from  South- 
ampton Water  and  the  Wight  northward 
towards  Northamptonshire.  It  was  bounded 
by  Dorssetnaland  (26.  Arosetna),  Wilssetna- 
land  (29,  30.  East  Willa,  West  Willa), 
Hwiccaland  (22.  Hwinca),  Ciltensaetnaland 
.(23.  Cilternsaetna),  Suderignaland  (28.  Wide- 
rigga),  and  Billingaland  (27.  Bilmiga).  The 
last  regio  lay,  I  believe,  in  West  Sussex, 
and  Billing's  Hurst  would  appear  to  preserve 
the  name  of  the  eponymus  of  the  race. 

With  the  Editor's  permission  I  hope  at 
some  future  time  to  deal  with  the  palseo- 
graphical  difficulties  presented  by  widerigga, 
bilmiga,  and  hendrica.  The  first  two  I 
have  emended  above.  The  third  represents 
Keardica,  and  signifies  the  land  of  the 
Ceardicas,  or  descendants  of  Cerdic. 

ALFRED  ANSCOMBE.    , 

May  I  call  the  attention  of  your  contri- 
butors who  are  interested  in  the  '  Tribal 
Hidage '  to  Mr.  J.  W.  Corbett's  very  ela- 
borate study  of  that  document  in  Trans. 
Royal  Historical  Soc.,  N.S.,  vol.  xiv.  pp.  187- 
230  ?  Mr.  Corbett  gives  weighty  reasons 
for  regarding  it  as  an  artificial  scheme  of 
hidation  for  fiscal  purposes,  dating  from 
the  time  of  Northumbrian  supremacy  in  the 
seventh  century ;  and  he  identifies  the 
various  hundreds  of  hides  in  it,  not  with  the 
hundreds  of  hides  in  Domesday  Book,  as  does 
MR.  BROWNBILL,  but  with  the  Domesday 
hundreds.  Mr.  Corbett's  detailed  identifica-  j 
tions  of  the  various  tribal  areas  may  be  open 
to  criticism  on  the  ground  that  they  do  not 
allow  sufficiently  for  eleventh-century  re- 
arrangements ;  but  the  broad  principles  of  his  ; 
scheme  require  either  acceptance  or  refuta- 
tion by  those  who  are  working  at  the  same 
subject. 

Writing  from  memory,  for  I  have  not  Mr. 
Corbett's  paper  at  hand,  I  think  that  his 
identification  of  "  Unecungga  '3  is  Hunting- 
don. A.  MORLEY  DAVIES. 

Winchmore  Hill,  Amershara. 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  i,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


273 


FOLLIES  (11  S.  ii.  29,  78,  113,  158,  215).— 
Not  very  many  years  ago  there  was  on  the 
rock  of  Gibraltar  O'Hara's  Tower,  alias 
O'Hara's  Folly.  See  '  Handbook  to  the 
Mediterranean,3  by  R.  L.  Playfair  (John 
Murray,  1881),  p.  497,  and  the  plan  of 
Gibraltar  facing  p.  494.  I  remember  the 
tower,  of  which  the  story  was  that  Governor 
O'Hara  had  built  it  in  the  belief  that  the 
particular  point  of  the  rock  chosen  for  it  was 
the  highest  ;  but  this  being  a  mistake,  the 
tower  was  useless.  I  think  that  I  am  right 
in  saying  that  it  was  shot  down  in  gun 
practice  about  fifteen  years  ago. 

In  '  Old  England  :  a  Pictorial  Museum 
of ...  .Antiquities,'  published  by  Charles 
Knight  &  Co.,  vol.  ii.  p.  326,  the  Folly  House, 
Blackwall,  is  mentioned  as  one  of  the  most 
noted  places  of  entertainment  ^in  the  eigh- 
teenth century.  On  p.  324  is  *a  picture  of 
the  house  "  from  an  old  print." 

Mr.  William  B.  Boulton  in  '  The  Amuse- 
ments of  Old  London,'  1901,  vol.  ii.  p.  241, 
i  writes  of 

"The  Folly,  the  only  floating  place  of  entertain- 
ment of  which  there  is  a  record,  a  large  hulk 
moored  off  Somerset  House  in  the  days  of  the 
[Restoration,  and  fitted  up  as  a  musical  summer- 
house even  the  easy  morals  of  the  times  of 

George  the  Second  could  not  tolerate  the  Folly, 
and  put  an  end  to  its  pleasantries." 

(It  would  appear  that  it  lasted  a  long  time. 
ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

There  is  a  curiously  built  tower  near 
Pinner,  Middlesex,  known  as  Tooke's  Folly, 
t  was  built  by  a  physician  of  that  name 
about  the  middle  of  last  century.  Not  far 
"if  he  built  a  like  tower,  which  goes,  I  think, 
l>y  the  same  name.  D.  M.  L. 

^  The  name  Folly  applied  to  a  building  has 
Scottish  usage.  In  a  village  of  East  Fife 
there  is  a  dwelling-house  known  as  John- 
tone's  Folly  ;  it  was  so  called  from  the 
>omewhat  extravagant  nature  of  the  archi- 
>cture.  The  name,  which  was,  however, 
urely  a  nickname,  owed  its  origin  to  a 
enerable  humorist  of  the  district. 

W.  B. 

Folly    as    a    place-name    is    not    always 
'served    for    the    purpose    of    identifying 
3tures  singular  as  the  work  of  perverted 
us,  or  the  outcome  of  revenge  for  real 
ights    or    fancied    wrongs.     There    are    at 

three  within  a  few  miles  of  here. 

F°J!y  a™*  Rom  Folly  are  situated  in  two 

1  little  valleys  where  no  monstrosities 

>r-fv kno^n.to  have  ever  existed,  nor  any  one 

tmcient  means  or  time  to  set  up  such 


luxuries.  Stony  Folly  is  a  field  in  which 
stands  a  small  stone  pillar  having  peculiarities 
which  distinguish  it  from  others  in  the 
surrounding  district.  A  suggestion  has 
been  made  that  it  is  the  remains  of  an 
ancient  cross — a  suggestion  for  which  there 
may  be  some  reason.  The  sympathies  of 
the  people  of  the  locality  have  been  strongly 
Puritan  for  at  least  250  years.  Three  or 
four  hundred  yards  away  stands  an  un- 
doubtedly ancient  stone  cross,  called  by 
the  natives  the  "  idol  god." 

The  late  Bishop  Creighton  in  his  '  Puritan 
Revolution  '  tells  how  one  day  a  party  of 
New  Englanders  came  to  a  place  called 
Hue's  Cross.  Winthrop,  their  leader,  de- 
clared that  the  idolaters  had  been  there, 
and  the  place  must  henceforth  be  called 
Hue's  Folly.  May  not  similar  reasons 
account  for  such  names  nearer  home  ? 

ABM.  C.  POWELL. 

Longfield  Road,  Todmordeu. 

There  is  a  tall  octagonal  tower  in  Icknield 
Street  West,  Birmingham,  known  as 
Parrott's  Folly,  mentioned  by  Eliezer  Ed- 
wards in  his  '  Personal  Recollections  of 
Birmingham  and  Birmingham  Men,'  1877. 
Two  motives  are  given  for  its  erection — 
one  for  the  purpose  of  studying  the  stars 
(the  owner  being  an  astronomer),  and  the 
other  to  enable  him  to  witness  the  sport  of 
coursing — and  it  may  have  been  used  in 
both  instances. 

I  remember  another  of  these  Folly  towers 
near  Sutton  Coldfield,  built  (tradition  has 
it)  by  a  jealous  husband  as  a  place  of  obser- 
vation when  his  wife  was  abroad,  to  enable 
him  the  better  to  keep  his  eye  upon  her  ! 

J.  BAGNALL. 

Solihull. 

An  early  exploit  of  the  brave  man  who 
became  Sir  Henry  Keppel,  G.C.B.,  Admiral 
of  the  Fleet,  gave  rise  to  the  name  of  Keppel' s 
Folly  for  a  precipitous  road  near  Simon's 
Town,  Cape  Colony.  The  tale  is  thus  set 
down  in  Sir  Algernon  West's  '  Memoir,' 
pp.  16,  17  :— 

'  At  the  Cape,  in  1828,  Harry  was  the  author  of  a 
foolish  freak  which  nearly  cost  him  his  life.  As  he 
relates,  'while  driving  a  tandem  both  horses  were 
inclined  to  run  away,  which  I  did  not  so  much 
mind  if  I  could  keep  in  the  road.  It  appears  that 
my  leader  had  been  accustomed  to  work  on  the 
near  side  in  a  team,  and  bore  in  that  direction. 
However,  there  was  but  little  traffic.  Martin  held 
the  whip,  while  I  twisted  the  leader's  rein  round 
my  forearm  and  pulled  all  I  could.  Martin, 
instead  of  sitting  quiet,  began  to  "  touch  the  leader 
up."  I  told  him  that  my  neck  was  as  strong  as  his, 
and  chucked  the  reins  on  to  the  shaft  horse's  back. 
The  leader  threw  up  his  head,  turned  sharp  to  the 


274 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  11.  OCT.  i,  1910. 


left,  and  jumped  the  fence  and  broken  wall.  I  had 
an  idea,  as  I  lay  in  the  road,  of  some  huge  bird 
passing  in  the  air.  Both  horses  were  on  their 
backs,  when  I  heard  a  voice  from  the  bush  calling 
my  attention  to  the  upper  wheel,  the  only  thing 
that  could  move,  spinning  round  as  if  it  must  catch 
fire.  We  had  to  ride  into  Simon's  Town — luckily 
when  it  was  dark — on  the  bare  backs  of  the  horses.' 
This  dangerous  road,  practically  a  precipice,  is 
known  to  this  day  by  the  name  of  '  Keppel's 
Folly.'" 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

MINSTER  :  VERGER  v.  SACRISTAN  (11  S . 
ii.  130). — A  verger  is  an  officer  appointed 
to  act  as  an  attendant  upon  an  archbishop 
or  other  great  dignitary  of  the  Church. 
He  walks  before  the  bishop  bearing  a  small 
silver  wand,  or  cross,  called  a  verge  ;  hence 
his  name  verger.  In  a  cathedral  or  collegiate 
church  the  verger  has  charge  of  the  build- 
ings and  their  contents,  as  the  sacristan  has 
in  a  parish  church,  and  he  usually  acts  as 
guide.  HENRY  BEAZANT. 

Round  way,  Friern  Barnet. 

The  verger  was  a  person  who  bore  the 
verge  (that  is,  rod  or  staff)  before  a  magis- 
trate. "  Vergers,"  according  to  an  old. 
definition,  ' '  go  before  their  deanes  with 
little  staves  tipped." 

The  sacristan,  on  the  other  hand,  was  an 
officer  who  had  charge  of  the  vestments  and 
utensils  of  a  church  or  cathedral.  In  Western 
churches  the  sacristan  held  a  higher  rank 
than  he  held  in  the  East.  The  word  is  now 
contracted  into  sexton.  W.  S.  S. 

A  verger  (virgarius,  thirteenth  cent.)  has 
nothing  to  do  necessarily  with  a  sacristy. 
He  is  a  bedel  or  beadle — nothing  more.  I 
do  not  think  that  in  Catholic  churches  the 
offices  of  verger  and  sacristan  are  usually 
combined.  HARMATOPEGOS. 

BOOK-COVERS  :  "  YELLOW-BACKS  "  (11  S. 
ii,  189,  237). — The  dates  given  are  some- 
what late — "the  sixties,"  "1862,"  and 
so  forth.  The  last  I  had  were  Grant's — 
'  The  42nd  Highlanders,'  or  '  Black  Watch,' 
and,  I  think,  the  yellow-back  reprint  of  his 
*  The  Romance  of  War.'  These  were  surely 
of  "  the  fifties."  D. 

The  beginning  of  the  "yellow-backs" 
dates  from  a  somewhat  earlier  period  than 
indicated  by  any  of  the  replies  ante,  pp.  237-8. 
I  have  before  me  three  books,  issued  re- 
spectively by  Bohn,  Rout  ledge,  and  Chap- 
man &  Hall,  all  three  being  of  the  "yellow- 
back "  order,  and  all  bearing  the  date  1850. 
They  were  common  at  the  time  of  the 
Crimean  War.  Routledge,  I  think,  was 


at  first  the  principal  publisher.  In  course 
of  time  Chatto  &  Windus  took  the  lead. 
Many  of  the  prominent  publishers  con- 
tributed to  the  series,  greatly  to  the  benefit 
of  the  reading  public.  The  works  of 
Disraeli,  issued  by  Longmans,  and  those  of 
Bulwer  Lytton  by  Routledge,  appeared  as 
"  yellow-backs."-  Chapman  &  Hall  sent 
out  some  of  Dickens  in  this  form.  The  novels 
of  Charles  Reade  and  Wilkie  Collins  came 
from  the  press  of  Chatto  &  Windus.  At  a 
later  period  novels  by  R.  D.  Blackmore, 
R.  L.  Stevenson,  and  Thomas  Hardy  were 
thus  issued.  It  is  customary,  no  doubt,  to 
sneer  at  these  "  yellow-backs."  They  were, 
however,  in  much  demand  for  many  years, 
and  contributed  not  a  little,  by  the  diffusion 
of  good  literature  like  the  works  mentioned 
above,  to  raise  the  standard  of  literary  taste 
throughout  the  country.  As  one  who  has 
derived  no  small  enjoyment  from  the  perusal 
of  many  books  of  the  "yellow-back"  type, 
I  feel  that  too  much  credit  cannot  be  given 
to  the  enterprising  publishers  who  issued 
them.  SCOTUS. 

I  believe  that  Artemus  Ward  speaks  of 
some  story  or  incident  being  ' '  thrillin1 
enough  for  yaller  covers,'*  but  I  cannot 
give  the  reference  at  present.  J.  T.  F. 

Winterton,  Doncaster. 

[Messrs.  Chatto  &  Windus  forward  a  catalogue 
showing  that  they  still  issue  novels  by  well-known 
writers  as  "yellow-backs."  Reply  by  S.  J.  A.  F 
shortly.] 

DENNY  AND  WINDSOR  FAMILIES  (10  S.  xii. 
424;     11   S.  ii.   153).— With  regard   to  this 
subject,   I  do  not  want  it   to  be  supposed 
that  I  meant  my  former  article  for  a  reasoned 
array  of  genealogical  and  heraldic  evidences. 
It  was  quite  tentative,  and  the  substance 
of  it  was  culled  largely  from  sources  now 
looked    upon    with    some    suspicion,    viz.,  [ 
heraldic  books  of  the  older  sort.     Therefore  • 
I   did  not   attempt   to   sift   out  proven  or  , 
probable    from    doubtful    or    unlikely,    but 
simply  quoted  the  extracts  more  or  less  as  I 
found  them.     So  my  net  has  gathered  of 
every  kind,  both  bad  and  good. 

Again,    it    is.   no    doubt     the    case    that 
Walter  Fitz  Other,  temp.  Conquest,  did  not: 
use  the  coat  afterwards  attributed  to  him, 
or  any  arms  at  all ;   and  it  may  be  that  he  i 
was  not  the  common  ancestor  of  the  Wind- 
sors,   FitzGeralds,  and  FitzMaurices. 
it  is,  nevertheless,  important  to  note  these 
traditions,    which   were   believed   to   be   true 
for  one  does  not  know  how  many  centuries. 
Likewise,    there    is    an    evident    connexion 
(though  it  may  only  have  existed  in  the 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  i,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


275 


mind  of  some  ancient  herald)  between  the 

arms  of  Windsor  and  FitzGerald  and  those 

i  of  FitzMaurice,  which  should  not  be  ignored. 

i  In  any  case,  these  questions  do  not  affect  the 

i  purpose  for  which   the   arms  of   FitzGerald 

and  FitzMaurice   were   cited,  which  was  to 

illustrate    the    method    of    differencing    the 

arms  of  what  were  believed  to  be  various 

branches  of  the  same  family,  by  alterations 

in  the  tinctures  and  in  the  minor  charges. 

The   different   sections   in    my   collection 

I  suggest  solutions  of  the  problem  mutually 

i  incompatible.     But   it   is  well,    when   quite 

in  the  dark,  to  seek  for  clues  in  every  possible 

i  direction. 

In  noticing  the  fact  that  a  certain  type  of 
coat  seems  to  have  been  associated  with 
names  akin  to  "  Denny,"  it  is  not,  of  course, 
for  a  moment  suggested  tfcat,  because 
families  bear  similar  or  even  identical  names, 
they  are  necessarily  related.  But  having 
regard  to  the  loose  spelling  of  former  ages 
(apart  from  misreadings,  such  as  "  Denys  " 
for  "Denye,"  and  vice  versa,  owing  to  the 
resemblance  between  the  letters  e,  s,  and  o  in 
old  writing),  it  is  not  impossible  that  some 
I  of  the  surnames  mentioned  may  have  had 
a  common  origin  with  "  Denny,"  or  even 
some  of  these  families  a  common  ancestry. 
I  give  some  instances  in  support  of  this,  as 
the  probable  early  form  and  derivation  of  the 
name  of  Denny  are  important  in  this  con- 
:  nexion. 

Hugh  Deny,  Baron  of  Sandwich  1278 
(Close  Rolls),  is  apparently  identical  with 
Hugh  Dyne  or  de  Dyne,  the  Baron  who  held 
Windsor  in  1268. 

The  name  of  a  member  of  the  family  of 
Denne  or  Dann  of  Kent  and  Sussex  is  given 
;.in  the  following  forms  : — 

John  de  Dene  (Subsidy  List,  1296). 
John  Atte  Dene  (Patent  Rolls,  1317). 
John  Daney  (Patent  Rolls,   1327). 
Shaw's    '  Book   of   Knights '    has    "  John 
Danney  (Deane,  Dean,  Denie,  Dene),  K.B., 
1306.'* 

John  Denye  resided  at  Lackford,  Suffolk, 
in  the  thirteenth  century,  as  did  Catherine 
I  ><mne  in  1327  (Hundred  and  Subsidy  Rolls). 
John  Deen,  Vicar  of  Narford,  Norfolk,  in 
1380,  was  probably  of  the  same  family  as 
his  successor  James  Dennee  in  1444  (Blome- 
field's  'Norfolk5). 

The  name  of  Henry  Dene,  Archbishop 
of  Canterbury  1501-3,  is  to  be  found  in  the 
following  forms  (all,  I  think,  more  or  less 
contemporaneous)  :  Dene,  Deane,  Denny, 
|  Beany,  Deney. 

John  Denny,  or  Denne,  M.A.,  Cambridge 
1508-9,  is  in  the  University  Grace-Book. 


The  name  of  Sir  John  Deane  of  Great 
Maplestead,  Essex  (whose  father,  of  a 
Lancashire  family,  purchased  Dyne's  or 
Dene's  Hall,  Great  Maplestead,  anciently 
the  seat  of  de  Denes,  apparently  of  the  house 
of  Dene  of  Northants),  who  died  1625, 
appears  in  the  following  forms :  Deane, 
Denny,  Denney,  Denie.  Another  member 
of  this  family  was  admitted  to  Gray's  Inn  in 
1590  as  John  Denne. 

In  the  registers  of  St.  Mary  Wolnoth, 
London,  1681-1705,  the  name  "of  William 
Denny,  the  goldsmith,  is  spelt  sometimes 
Denny  and  sometimes  Denne. 

There  are  some  various  readings  of  the 
second  quarter  in  the  Denny  coat  which 
ought  to  be  noticed,  though,  apparently, 
nothing  ever  appears  on  any  seal  or  monu- 
ment, as  evidence  of  actual  use,  but  Or,  a 
fesse  dancettee  gules,  and  in  chief  three 
martlets  sable. 

In  Harl.  MS.  5867  (Visitation  of  Bucks, 
1566) :  Or,  a  fesse  dancet.  gu.,  in  chief 
three  martlets  sable,  a  bordure  engrailed 
of  the  third. 

In  Doyle's  '  Official  Baronage  * :  Ar.,  a 
fesse  dancet.  within  a  bordure  engrailed,  and 
in  chief  three  martlets  sable. 

In  Harl.  MS.  6093  (Visitation  of  Norfolk, 
1563) :  Or,  a  fesse  dancet.  gu.  between 
three  chouehs  sable,  beaked  and  membered 

gu- 

In  Add.  MS.  19,126 :  Ar.,  a  fesse  dancet. 
gu.  between  three  choughs,  membered  and 
beaked  gu.,  in  a  bordure  engrailed  sable. 

If  the  last  versions  are  not  simply  errors, 
can  the  choughs  or  crows  have  been  intended 
to  be  ravens,  and  to  point  (as  has  been 
suggested  in  the  case  of  the  coat  of  Arch- 
bishop Dene,  &c  ),  to  a  Danish  origin  ? 
Similarly,  can  the  martlets  have  been  origin- 
ally ravens,  painted  small  to  fit  across 
the  top  of  the  shield,  and  afterwards  mis- 
read, when  the  significance  of  the  use  of 
the  latter  birds  had  been  forgotten  ?  The 
bordure  is  probably  only  a  mark  of  cadency. 

Though  the  Denny  pedigree,  as  uniformly 
recorded  in  various  authorities,  seems  to 
contain  no  clue  to  the  solution  of  the  present 
problem,  it  may  be  well  to  give  the  earlier 
descents,  so  far  as  they  are  at  present 
believed  to  be  established,  as  a  basis  for  any 
further  investigations. 

John  Denny,  Esq.,  accompanied  Henry  V. 
on  his  campaign  in  France.  [Can  he  be 
identical  with  "  John  Donne,  Armiger," 
who  was  in  the  retinue  of  Thomas  Fitz  Alen, 
5th  Earl  of  Arundel  and  Surrey,  at  Agin- 
court  ?]  He  was  slain  there*  with  Thomas 


276 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  IL  OCT.  i,  1910. 


his  second  son,  and  they  were  interred  in 
the  Cathedral  of  St.  Denis.  This  might 
have  been  in  1420-21,  when  fighting 
was  going  on  around  Paris.  Here 
their  tombs,  ' '  with  their  coats  and  dif- 
ferences," were  seen  by  Sir  Matthew  Carew 
in  the  time  of  Queen  Mary  (Chauncy's 
'  History  of  Herts,'  on  authority  of  Rev. 
Thomas  Leigh,  Vicar  of  Bishop's  Storttord, 
"a  learned  man  and  a  good  antiquary"). 
John  Denny  had  issue,  besides  the  aforesaid 
Thomas  (who,  according  to  some,  "died  on 
his  travels  after  the  death  of  Henry  V.," 
and  who  left  issue  a  son  Henry  [or  John], 
whose  son  John  was  the  father  of  Robert, 
and  of  John,  the  father  of  William  Denny), 
an  eldest  son  — 

Henry  Denny,  who  had  a  son  and  heir — 
William  Denny,  of  Cheshunt,  Herts 
[probably  identical  with  "  William  Denny 
of  London,  Esq.,"  1464,  and  possibly  with 
"  William  Dene,  learned  in  the  law,"  Deputy 
of  the  Coroner  of  the  Court  of  the  Marshal- 
sea  of  the  Household  1471  (Patent  Rolls)]. 
He  married  [before  26  Hen.  VI.,  1448] 

Agnes [of  whose  lands,  &c.,  in  Chester 

her  "  cousin  ' ?  Sir  John  Troutbeck,  Chamber- 
lain of  Chester  (?  and  M.P.  Herts  1441-2, 
1446-7),  was,  in  or  before  1448,  "  over 
seer  "].  They  had  issue  a  son  and  heir — 

Sir  Edmond  Denny,  of  the  King's  Ex- 
chequer ;  Attorney  in  the  Exchequer  for  the 
Corporation  of  Southampton  1485  ;  King's 
Remembrancer  1504-13  ;  Baron  of  the 
Exchequer  1513  until  his  death  in  1520. 
A  monument  was  erected  to  his  memory  in 
St.  Benet's,  Paul's  Wharf,  London,  where 
he  and  his  wives  were  buried.  His  will, 
dated  1519,  was  proved  1520.  He  was  of 
Cheshunt,  Herts,  and  of  Apuldrefield,  Kent. 
He  m.  1st  Margaret,  dau.  Ralph  Leigh  of 
Stockwell,  Surrey,  M.P.,  1459-60,  who 
d.  s.p.  1487.  He  m.  2ndly  Mary,  dau.  and 
coheir  of  Robert  Troutbeck  of  Trafford, 
Chester.  She  d.  1507,  having  had,  with 
other  issue,  two  sons — 

I.  Thomas    Denny    [Knight  ?]    admitted 
Inner    Temple    6    Hen.    VIII.,    1514  ;     was 
of  the  Manor  of  St.  Andrew  le  Mote  ("  The 
Great  House"),  Cheshunt.     His  will,  dated 
and   proved     1527,     directs   that    a    monu- 
ment   be    erected    over    him    in    Cheshunt 
Church,  and  his  arms  placed  thereon.     He  m. 
Elizabeth,    dau.   of   Sir   George  Manoux   of 
Giffard's  Hall,  Suffolk,  and  left  descendants 
who  lived  at  Howe,  Norfolk. 

II.  The    Rt.    Hon.    Sir  Anthony  Denny, 
P.C.,  M.P.,   Chief  Gentleman  of  the  Privy 
Chamber,    Groom    of    the    Stole,    &c.,    an 
executor  of  King  Henry  VIII.,  and  one  of 


the  guardians  of  King  Edward  VI.  Was 
of  Cheshunt,  Herts.  He  m.  Joan,  dau. 
of  Sir  Philip  Champernowne  of  Modbury, 
Devon,  and  was  ancestor  of  Denny,  Earl  of 
Norwich,  of  the  Lords  Denny  de  Walt-ham, 
and  of  the  Dennys,  Baronets  of  Tralee 
Castle,  Ireland. 

"  Two  arches  supported  on  columns  argent, 
the  bases  and  capitals  or,"  was  a  badge  of 
cognizance  of  the  Dennys.  Their  crest  is  a 
cubit  arm  vested  azure,  cuffed  argent, 
holding  in  the  hand  proper  five  wheat-ears 
or,  and  their  motto — "  Et  mea  messis  erit  '* 
— is  connected  with  it. 

It  seems  to  be  strong  negative  evidence 
of  a  genuine  ancient  connexion  between  the 
Dennys  and  the  Windsors  that  such  a  thing 
was  never  suggested  in  any  Denny  pedigree. 
Had  it  been  "  found "  for  the  family  by 
some  Tudor  herald,  there  would  surely  be 
some  reference  to  it  somewhere. 

I  am  inclined  to  think  it  most  probable 
that  the  Windsor  coat  came  into  the  Denny 
family  in  one  of  two  ways — either  by  "  in- 
heritance," through  some  relationship,  or 
by  "  derivation  "  (as  in  the  case  of  the  Le 
Despencer  arms)  from  a  feudal  lord.  How* 
ever,  though  I  suggested  possible  solutions 
on  the  former  lines,  my  mind  is  quite  open 
on  the  subject.  All  I  am  prepared  to  assert 
at  present  is  that  I  think  the  first  quarter 
in  the  Denny  achievement  to  be  Windsor, 
and  the  second  to  be  really  the  "  Denny  " 
coat.  I  may  say  that  in  this  general  con- 
clusion I  am  supported  by  the  opinion  of 
one  of  the  most  eminent  authorities  of  the 
day  upon  such  subjects. 

Since  writing  the  above  I  have  seen  for  the 
first  time  Miss  M.  Deane's  '  Book  of  Dene, 
Deane,   Adeane,'  which  is  referred  to  ante,  j 
p.    153.     I  should  not  wonder  at  any  one  i 
supposing  that  the  possible  connexion  of  the  i 
Denny  second  quarter  with  the  Denes,  &c.,  ; 
had  been  suggested  to  me  by  this  book.   The  j 
association,     from    an    early    period,    of    a  j 
fesse    dancettee    coat    with     the     name     of  j 
Dene,  &c.,  is  in  it  strongly  insisted  on.    The 
author  has  also  come  to  the  conclusion  that 
the  Dennys  were  descended  from  some  of ; 
these  Denes,  though  unaware  of  the  fact  that 
any    fesse    dancettee    coat    was    borne    by 
them.  H.  L.  L.  D. 

MARIE  ANTOINETTE'S  DEATH  MASK  (10  S 
xi.  327,  417  ;  11  S.  i.  56).— Accounts  of 
when  the  queen's  hair  turned  grey  seem  to 
differ.  Weber  says  it  occurred  at  Versailles, 
and  Herve  in  the  Temple  ;  but  Miss  Mai 
tineau  mentions  Varennes  as  the  place  where 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  i,  i9io.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


277 


it  occurred.  Louis  XVI.  and  his  family 
escaped  from  Paris,  and  on  21  June,  1791, 
reached  Varennes.  There  they  were  dis- 
-covered,  and  had  to  remain  at  the  house  of 
.Sauce,  the  grocer,  till  orders  came  from 
Paris  during  the  night.  As  to  the  queen  : 
•*'  She  said  little ;  but  there  was  afterwards 
a  visible  sign  of  what  she  must  have  endured. 
In  this  one  night  her  beautiful  hair  turned 
white,  as  if  forty  years  had  at  once  fallen 
upon  her  head.'* 

Seven  or  eight  weeks  after  this  "  Madame 
Campan  saw  [at  the  Tuileries]  her  royal 
mistress.  The  queen  was  then  rising  from 
"bed.  She  took  off  her  cap,  and  showed  her 
hair,  white  as  an  aged  person's,  saying  that 
it  had  become  bleached  in  one  night." 

From  this  it  would  seem  that  Madame 
tampan  in  her  *  Memoirs  '  takes  this  view 
also.  See  '  The  Peasant  and  *the  Prince,' 
1 1841,  pp.  219,  233.  D.  J. 

ST.  MARGARET  AND  JOAN  OF  ARC  (11  S.  i. 
i  347). — A  notice  of  Joan  of  Arc,  by  J.  P. 
Lange,  in  Schaff's  '  Religious  Encyclopaedia,' 
vol.  ii.,  states  that  among  the  supernatural 
visitants  who  appeared  to  the  Maid  was 
St.  Margaret,  "  the  dragon  conqueress, 
who  was  the  guardian  of  Christian  virginity/' 
Assuming  this  to  be  the  same  as  Mr.  Andrew 
I  Lang's  St.  Margaret,  the  description  of 
iLange  will  apply  to  St.  Margaret  of  Antioch, 
'whose  weird  story  is  recorded  at  length  in 
'Mrs.  Jameson's  *  Sacred  and  Legendary 
Art,'  vol.  ii.  pp.  516-22.  W.  SCOTT. 

JEW'S  EYE  '(11  S.  ii.  208). — Mr.  Jacobs's 
Explanation  does  not  tap   "  the  root  idea," 
ias  it  grew  in  the  popular  mind  of  the  Middle 
Ages,  when  to  be  "  as  rich  as  a  Jew  "  was 
a   well  -  founded    truism.     I    see    a    direct 
onnexion  between  the  phrases.     Of  all  the 
mman  organs,  the  eye  is  the  most  important  ; 
that  most  of  us  would  cheerfully  part 
with  all  our  worldly  goods,   if  it  came  to 
hoosing  between  retaining   our   sight   and 
>acrificing    our    substance.     Having    regard 
;0  his  reputed  wealth,  a  Jew  would  have  to 
pay  an   enormous  ransom  ;     even    Shylock 
would  have  yielded  without  parley  to  Portia 
f,  as  a  direct  means  of  cancellation  of  the 
bond,  she  had  called  for  one  of  his  eyes. 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

Can  the  phrase  not  refer  to  the  cruelties 
exercised  on  Jews  in  the  Middle  Ages  ? 
Many  a  lord  of  the  manor  exacted  from  a 
Jewish  prisoner  a  heavy  ransom  by  threaten- 
ng  to  kill  or  mutilate  him,  and  the  unhappy 
nan  may  have  been  willing  to  pay  an 


exorbitant  sum  when  he  found  himself  in 
danger  of  being  blinded.  An  eye  was 
surely  worth  more  to  him  than  an  ear. 

G.  KRTJEGER. 
Berlin. 

The  most  natural  explanation  appears 
to  be  that  as  during  the  persecutions  of  the 
unhappy  Jews  in  the  reign  of  King  John 
they  were  frequently  obliged  to  ransom  their 
teeth  for  large  sums  if  they  wished  to  pre- 
serve them,  an  eye  might  be  threatened  for 
the  purpose  of  extorting  a  much  larger 
amount.  MATILDA  POLLARD. 

Belle  Vue,  Bengeo. 

I  have  frequently  heard  the  phrase  ' '  not 
worth  a  Jew's  eye  full  of  buttermilk."  Is 
this  a  burlesque  upon  "  worth  a  Jew's  eye  "  ? 

C.  C.  B. 
[W.  S.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

VIRGIL,  '  GEORG.'  IV.  122  :  "  NARCISSI 
LACRYMAM  "  (11  S.  ii.  27). — A  resident  in 
Sussex  knowing  something  about  bees,  to 
whom  I  showed  the  passage,  considered 
that  the  "tears"  referred  to  the  very  fine 
downy  sort  of  fluff  which  is  found  in  the 
white  narcissus,  and  which  bees  take  to  line 
their  cells  with  before  the  wax  is  used. 

D.  J. 

GOLDWIN  SMITH'S  '  REMINISCENCES  '  (11  S. 
ii.  167). — Mrs.  Jones  of  Pantglas  (not  Pant-y- 
Glass)  was  from  1845  Margaret  Charlotte, 
eldest  daughter  of  Sir  George  Campbell 
of  Edenwood,  Fifeshire,  and'  niece  of  Lord 
Chancellor  Campbell.  She  was  married  in 
1845  to  David  Jones,  Esq.,  of  Pantglas, 
M.P.  for  Carmarthenshire.  Her  husband 
(born  in  1810)  succeeded  his  grandfather  in 
1840,  and  died  in  1869.  His  widow  married 
in  1870  Sir  Richard  George  Augustus  Levinge, 
Bt.,  of  co.  Westmeath.  She  died  in  1871. 
Possessed  of  literary  tastes,  she  wrote 
'  Scattered  Leaves '  in  1853,  and  '  Lott-ery  ' 
in  1858. 

Previous  to  1845,  Mrs.  Jones  of  Pantglas 
was  Catherine,  eldest  daughter  of  Morgan 
Pryse  Lloyd,  Esq.,  of  Glansevin,  the  second 
wife  of  David  Jones,  Esq.,  of  Blaenos  and 
Pantglas,  grandfather  of  the  M.P.  above 
mentioned. 

The  dates  alone  can  determine  which  of 
these  two  ladies  was  the  one  of  whom  the 
Duke  of  Wellington  was  "  foolishly  fond." 
Some  few  years  ago  a  book  was  published 
bearing  some  such  title  as  '  Correspondence 
of  Miss  J —  with  the  Duke  of  Wellington.' 
According  to  the  reviews,  the  correspond- 
ence was  begun  out  of  concern  on  the  lady's 


278 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  n.  OCT.  i,  1910. 


part  for  the  salvation  of  the  Duke's  soul, 
but  passed,  by  a  not  unnatural  transition, 
into  a  sincere  desire  to  be  transformed  into 
the  Duchess  of  Wellington.  Which,  if 
either,  of  the  above-named  ladies  was  the 
Miss  J —  of  the  '  Correspondence  ?  ? 

SCOTUS. 

Can  any  reader  tell  me  where  Goldwin 
Smith  was  baptized  ?  I  have  tried  three 
churches  in  Reading  and  one  at  Mortimer, 
Berks,  and  fail  to  find  any  entry.  A  tablet 
has  recently  been  placed  on  the  house  at 
Reading,  his  supposed  birthplace.  Was  his 
father  Richard  Prichard  Smith  from  Wyrards- 
bury,  Cheshire,  or  Wyrardsbury,  Bucks  ? 
I  wish  to  find  the  origin  of  his  name  Goldwin, 
to  see  if  he  was  related  to  my  people  the 
Goldwins  of  Burnham,  1538-1821. 

A.  C.  H. 

OATCAKE  AND  WHISKY  AS  EUCHARISTIC 
ELEMENTS  (11  S.  ii.  188,  237). — Cardinal 
Gibbons,  who  is  still  Archbishop  of  Balti- 
more, in  '  The  Faith  of  our  Fathers  *  writes — 

"  I  am  credibly  informed  that  in  a  certain  Epis- 
copal (Anglican)  church  in  Virginia,  communicants 
partake  of  the  juice  of  the  blackberry,  instead  of 
the  juice  of  the  grape.  And  the  New  York  In- 
dependent of  September  21,  1876,  relates  the  follow- 
ing incident :  '  A  late  English  traveller  found  a 
Baptist  mission  church  in  far-off  Burmah  using  for 
the  communion  service  Bass's  pale  ale  instead  of 
wine.' "— 31st  ed.,  1887,  pp.  348-9. 

J.  E.  C.  B. 

JOHN  PEEL  (US.  ii.  229). — It  is  just  upon 
56  years  since  "  one  of  the  most  daring  riders 
England  has  ever  known,"  John  Peel,  died. 
When  John  Woodcock  Graves  wrote  the 
famous  song,  he  brought  tears  to  the  eyes 
of  the  intrepid  huntsman  on  his  reading  it 
to  him  in  his  favourite  hostelry  at  Caldbeck, 
to  the  north-east  of  the  Skiddaw  range  of 
hills,  in  Mid-Cumberland,  and  the  author 
exclaimed  impulsively  :  "  By  Jove  !  Peel, 
you  '11  be  sung  when  we  're  both  '  run  to 
earth/"  I  believe  that  "with  his  coat  so 
grey  "  is  the  correct  rendering  of  the  second 
line  of  the  first  verse. 

In  November,  1903,  Peel's  last  surviving 
daughter,  Mrs.  Richardson,  died  at  Green- 
rigg,  Caldbeck.  The  deceased  was  known 
as  "Betty,"  was  88  years  of  age,  and  was  the 
last  of  a  family  of  thirteen. 

J.    HOLDEN    MACMlCHAEL. 

John  Peel  was  born  at  Caldbeck,  not 
Troutbeck.  The  word  "  gray tl  is  quite 
right.  The  Fell  huntsmen  do  not  dress  in 
scarlet.  S.  L.  PETTY. 

Ulverston. 


MR.  F.  D.  WESLEY  will  find  in  the  '  Memoir 
of  Sir  Wilfrid  Lawson  *  recently  edited  by 
Mr.  G.  W.  E.  Russell  some  particulars  of 
John  Peel  which  go  to  support  the  contention 
that  the  reading  of  the  popular  song  should 
be  "In  his  coat  so  gray." 

LEONARD  J.  HODSON. 

Kobertsbridge,  Sussex. 

PLANTAGENET  TOMBS  AT  FONTEVRAULT 
(11  S.  ii.  184,  223).— A  full  account  of  these 
tombs  is  given  by  M.  G.  Malifaud  in  his 
'  L'Abbaye  de  Fontevrault,'  Angers,  1866, 
with  references  to  all  his  authorities.  He 
recounts  in  detail  the  alterations  they  under- 
went in  1504  and  again  in  1638  ;  the  Prince 
Regent's  claim  for  them  in  1817,  and  the 
result  ;  their  migration  to  Paris  and  painting 
and  restoration  in  1848,  and  their  eventual 
return  to  Fontevrault. 

J.  TAVENOR-PERRY. 

5,  Burlington  Gardens,  Chiswick. 

Two  illustrations  of  these  tombs  appear 
in  The  Art  Journal,  1857,  p.  157. 

W.  ROBERTS. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (US. 
ii.  188,  235).— According  to  W.  L.  Hertslet's 
'Der  Treppenwitz  der  Weltgeschichte,'  6th 
ed.,  1905,  p.  391,  the  song  beginning 

Adieu,  plaisant  pays  de  France ! 
O  ma  patrie 
La  plus  cherie ! 

at  one  time  attributed  to  Mary  Stuart,  is 
the  work  of  a  journalist  by  name  Querlon, 
and  first  appeared  in  print  in  1765.  Hertslet 
refers  to  ^douard  Fournier's  *  Esprit  dans 
1'Histoire.'  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

A  French   critic,   M.   ^douard   Fournier, 
has  clearly  shown  ('  L'Espritdans  1'Histoire, 
Paris,  1867,  pp.  181-7)  that  the  well-known  , 
lines,    "  Adieu,    plaisant   pays   de   France," ; 
long  attributed  to  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  are 
in  reality  only  a  literary  mystification  of  the 
journalist  Anne  Gabriel  Meusnier  de  Querlon,  ( 
who  first  published  the  poem  (which  consist^ 
of  no  more  than  ten  irregular  lines)  in  hi?. 
'  Anthologie,'  which  appeared  in   1765.     It' 
says   not   a   little   for   the   tenacity   of  the 
Scottish  character  that  those  who  still  clinj- 
to  the  Queen  Mary  authorship  are  in  thf 
habit  of  referring  to  Meusnier  de  Querlon  V 
'  Anthologie  '  as  proving  that  the  lines  ar< 
from     her    pen.     Most    reputable    writers 
however,    have  now  abandoned   the  claim 
See  Hill  Burton's  '  History  of  Scotland,'  iv 
263,  and  Dr.  Hay  Fleming's  '  Mary,  Queer 
of  Scots/-  p.  43.    '  W.  SCOTT. 

[MR.  G.  W.  CAMPBELL  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  i,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


279 


"ARABIS":    "  THLASPI  "   (II  S.  i.  406  ; 
ii.  11). — Another  attempt  to  identify  Greek 
•  natural  history  names  with  modern  is  that 
of  Dunbar  in  '  A  New  English-and-Greek  and 
i  Greek-and-English    Lexicon,    with    an    Ap- 
pendix explanatory  of  Scientific  Terms,  &c.1 
The  Appendix  is  in  Part  II.,  published  at 
i  Edinburgh,     1840.     It     does     not     contain 
arabis,  but  two  species  of  thlaspi  are  named 
— one     being     identified     with     shepherd's 
j  purse ;     the    other    with    candytuft    (Iberis 
I  urnhellata}    by    Sprengel,     but     with    Viola 
\  lati folia  by  Dodonseus.       E.  H.  BBOMBY. 
Melbourne. 

EUGENE  ARAM  (11  S.  ii.   105). — There  is 

another  interesting  item  in  this  bibliography 

"  Memoirs     of . . .  .Eugene     Aram. . .  .by 

Norrison    Scatcherd,    Esq."     My   edition   is 

;  the     second,     London,     Simpkin  ;      Leeds, 

i  Heaton,    8vo,    1838,    pp.    60,    and    an    un- 

j  numbered  leaf,  on  the  back  of  which  is  an 

i  advertisement   of   Scatcherd's    '  History   of 

j  Morley.1     Scatcherd  was  well  known  in  his 

I  day  as  a  local  antiquary.         S.  L.  PETTY. 

JACOB  HENRIQUEZ  AND  HIS  SEVEN 
i  DAUGHTERS  (11  S.  ii.  150,  236).— There  are 
j  many  advertisements  signed  by  him,  with 
I  his  age  appended,  in  The  Public  Advertiser 
j  about  1750  and  onwards  ;  and  in  1760  he 
|  signs  an  address  to  King  George  III.,  giving 
i  his  age  as  83.  On  18  September,  1764,  the 
|  above  paper  makes  the  following  announce- 
ment : — 

"  On  Saturday  last  Mr.  Jacob  Henriquez,  born  in 
the  year  1683,  embarked  on  board  the  Harwich 
Packet  for  Holland :  to  visit  his  seven  Blessed 
Daughters  there,  pro  bono  Mundi." 

;  His  death  is  given  in  '  The  Annual  Register  J 
as  follows  : — 

"  1st.  Jan.,  1768,  Mr.  Jacob  Henriquez,  the 
celebrated  projector,  at  the  Hague,  in  the  85th  year 
of  his  age." 

He  published  several  pamphlets  on  financial 
matters,  some  of  which  are  in  the  British 
Museum  Library.  H.  HOUSTON  BALL. 

"  FERN  TO  MAKE  MALT  "  (11  S.  ii.  228). — 
This  fern  was  doubtless  intended  for  kiln- 
drying  the  malt.  That  it  was  used  for  this 
purpose  the  following  quotation  from  'The 
London  and  County  Brewer,'  1742  (4th  ed.), 
makes  clear  : — 

"Malts  are  dried  with  several  Sorts  of  Fuel :  as 
the  Coak,  Welch  Coal,  Straw,  Wood,  Fern,  etc. 
.But  the  Coak  is  reckoned  by  most  to  exceed  all 
others  for  making  Drink  of  the  finest  Flavour  and 
pale  Colour,  be9ause  it  sends  no  Smoak  forth  to 
the  malt  with  any  offensive  Tang  that  Wood, 
*  ern  and  Straw  are  apt  to  do  in  lesser  or  greater 
Degree." 


Wood  is  to  this  day  used  in  part  for  a  certain 
class  of  malt  which  is  employed  in  brewing 
stouts  and  porters,  for  the  purpose  of  giving 
a  flavour  to  the  malt  which  might  be  de- 
scribed as  a  "  tang,"  if  not  "  offensive.'1 

ATTAR. 

The  fern  (or*  bracken)  was  possibly  made 
use  of  as  fuel  for  the  kiln.  Various  kinds 
of  fuel  were  used.  Peat  was  reckoned  the 
best,  then  turf,  and  if  neither  of  these  was 
to  be  had,  charcoal  was  employed.  Pos- 
sibly this  particular  maltster  used  fern  in 
preference.  The  "  threshing  "  refers  to  the 
barley.  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

Would  not  the  fern  be  for  fuel  for  the 
kiln  ?  J.  T.  F. 

Winterton,  Doncaster. 

The  'N.E.D.'  quotes  the  following: 
"He  is  to  use  ffyrnes  and  heath,  but  not 
wood  to  brew  withal"  (1621,  Sir  R.  Boyle 
in  *  Lismore  Pap.,'  1886,  ii.  16). 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

Gunner  relates  in  his  *  Flora  Norvegica,* 
printed  at  Tronyen  in  1766,  that  the  Nor- 
wegian poor  "  cut  off  the  succulent  lamin» 
at  the  crown  of  the  root  of  the  Polypodium 
[fern],  and  brew  them  into  beer,  adding; 
thereto  a  third  portion  of  malt." 

CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 

Swallowfield  Park,  Reading. 

The  Hon.  William  Hervey  in  his  Journals,, 
under  10  November,  1782,  mentions  while  at 
Selaby,  near  Barnard  Castle,  going  down 
to  the  river -side  "  to  gather  some  of  the- 
hind's  tongue,  which  is  here  used  in  strong 
beer."  A  dried  leaf  of  the  hart's-tongue- 
fern  still  remains  at  this  page  in  the  original 
notebook.  S.  H.  A.  H. 

Lindley,  the  botanist,  mentions  specially 
the  Pteris  aquilina,  or  the  common  brake  of 
this  country,  and  the  Aspidium  Filix  mas, 
or  male  fern,  as  having  been  used  in  the- 
manufacture  of  beer.  TOM  JONES. 

"THE  BRITISH  GLORY  REVIVED  "  (11  S.. 
ii.  29,  77). — I  should  be  pleased  to  know 
why  some  of  the  Porto  Bello  medals  bear 
only  the  figure  of  Vernon,  and  others  the 
effigies  of  Vernon  and  Brown.  Perhaps  the 
earliest  gave  Vernon  only,  and  this  before  it 
was  known  what  Brown's  share  in  the  feat 
was.  On  all  that  I  know  of  the  exergue  has, 
"  By  courage  and  conduct." 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE.. 

Work  sop. 


280 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  i,  1910. 


0tt 


During  the  Reign  of  Terror  :    Journal  of  my  Life 

during  the  French  Revolution.       By  Grace  Dal- 

rymple    Elliott.     With    an    Introduction    and 

Notes.     Translated    from    the    French    by    E. 

Jules  Meras.     (Fisher  Unwin.) 

THE  Introduction  to  this  volume  very  fairly  ex- 

plains the  degree  of  veracity  which  its  notorious 

•compiler  managed    to    reach,  though    it  is  clear 

that  the  writer  of    it,  whose    nationality  is    un- 

known to  us,  is  hardly  a  master  of  English.     He 

ends  by  saying  that  even  if  certain  episodes  of  the 

faook    were    "  not  lived  "    by  its   author,    "  the 

-ensemble  of  her  account  have  none  the  less  an 

appreciable  value." 

The  '  Preface  to  the  First  Edition  '  follows,  but 
we  find  no  statement  as  to  when  that  edition 
appeared.  It  was,  we  think,  more  than  fifty 
years  since.  The  narrative  was  worth  repro- 
ducing, for  it  avoids  that  mass  of  detail  which 
encumbers  most  accounts  of  the  Revolution,  and 
gives  vivid  glimpses  from  a  point  of  view  which 
is  fairly  novel.  The  author  suffered  the  rigours 
•of  prison  life  with  the  horrors  of  death  all  round 
her,  and  Mr.  W.  P.  Courtney  has  recently  quoted 
(ante,  p.  122)  her  account  of  her  relations  with  Dr. 
Gem,  which  is  much  to  her  credit. 

She  had  an  early  initiation  into  the  wild  ex- 
cesses of  the  crowd,  and  the  way  in  which  she 
returned  to  Paris  more  than  once  for  the  sake  of 
helping  her  friends  shows  extraordinary  fortitude 
and  resolution.  The  whole  account  of  her  taking 
Chansenets  under  her  care  ;  concealing  him 
"between  the  mattresses  of  her  bed  while  she 
occupied  it  herself  and  the  soldiers  visited  her 
room  to  discover  him  ;  keeping  him  locked  in 
this  room  beyond  the  sight  of  her  cook,  who  was 
an  advanced  citoyenne  ;  and  finally  getting  him 
out  of  Paris,  is  striking.  Without  her  help  he 
would  have  been  taken  a  dozen  times,  and,  accord- 
ing to  the  account  she  gives,  she  left  the  retire- 
ment of  Meudon  for  the  dangers  of  Paris  because 
•she  received  a  note  from  a  friend  entreating  her 
to  come  thither,  as  she  might  be  of  use  to  an  un- 
happy person. 

To  Mrs.  Elliott's  manuscript  are  added  a  few 
notes  concerning  her  subsequent  career.  She 
shared  her  captivity  latterly  with  two  notable 
women  —  "  Madame  Beauharnais,  afterwards 
TVtadame  Bonaparte,"  and  Madame  de  Fontenaye, 
subsequently  Madame  Tallien.  All  three  only 
escaped  death  through  the  fall  of  Robespierre. 

The  Record  Interpreter  :  a  Collection  of  Abbrevia- 
tions, Latin  Words  and  Names  used  in  English 
Historical  Manuscripts  and  Records.  Com- 
piled by  C.  Trice  Martin,  late  Assistant-Keeper 
of  the  Public  Records.  Second  Edition. 
(Stevens  &  Sons.) 

WE  quote  the  title  of  this  book  at  length,  because 
it  explains  sufficiently  the  purpose  of  the  volume. 
It  solves  many  of  those  difficulties  which  the  new 
reader  of  the  records  of  the  past  finds  almost 
hopeless,  even  if  he  has  a  good  training  in  history 
and  Latin.  It  could  not  have  been  written  with- 
out a  long  experience  of  record  work,  and  will, 
we  hope,  increase  the  number  of  those  workers 
—  all  too  few  —  who  are  engaged  in  going  to  the 
actual  sources  of  history  and  biography.  What 


things  are  still  to  be  discovered  was  shown  by  the 
recent  publication  in  The  Times  of  Dr.  C.  W. 
Wallace's  find  concerning  Shakespeare's  lodging 
with  the  Mount  joys. 

The  contents  include  abbreviations  both  cf 
Latin  and  French  words  ;  a  Glossary  of  Latin 
words  not  occurring  in  classical  authors,  an  excep- 
tionally valuable  section,  since  the  work  of 
Ducange  is  far  from  exhaustive  ;  four  chapters 
on  Latin  place-names  and  sites  of  bishoprics ; 
'  Latin  Forms  of  English  Surnames,'  often  so 
ingenious  as  to  defy  the  intelligent  searcher — 
thus  "  De  alta  ripa  "  is  Hawtrey  ;  and  Latin 
Christian  names  with  English  equivalents,  a 
section  which  all  scholars  of  any  note  will  recognize 
as  full  of  fanciful  etymology.  Thus  the  surname 
"  De  Parva  Villa  "  means  "  Littleton."  To  this 
section  belongs  that  ingenious  rendering  of 
Parkinson's  early  book  of  flowers  and  herbs  which 
runs  "  Paradisi  in  sole  Paradisus  terrestris." 
"  Parvisa "  is  noted  in  the  Latin  Glossary  as 
"  perhaps  a  corruption  of  '  Paradisus.'  "  Should 
not  this  last  word  also  figure  in  the  Glossary  ? 
The  chief  difficulty  about  Latin  abbreviations 
is  that,  especially  in  single  letters,  one  symbol 
may  mean  more  than  one  thing.  Thus  the  symbol 
"  F  "  is  glossed  in  no  fewer  than  twenty -nine 
different  ways. 

The  information  is  set  out  with  admirable  clear- 
ness, and,  we  hope,  will  be  added  to  by  other 
scholars,  so  that  the  next  edition  may  be  fuller 
still.  Our  own  columns  from  time  to  time 
have  been  occupied  with  various  queries  and 
answers  concerning  special  terms.  The  editor 
suggests  that  additions  are  desirable  ;  we  think 
it  would  have  been  well  to  ask  for  them,  as  we 
have  hinted  just  above. 


We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  following 
notices : — 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries  "'—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  t 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

P.   D.   M.    ("Plantagenet  Descents  of  Charles, 
second    Earl    of    Egremont ").  —  The  Marquis  de 
Ruvigny's  volumes  on  the    'Plantagenet  Roll 
the  Blood  Royal '  will  probably  supply  the  informa- 
tion you  seek. 

H/G.  ("Pedlar  or  Peddler ").-The  jrreat  Oxford 
Dictionary  gives  the  preference  to  "pedlar." 

CORRIGENDUM.  —  Ante,  p.  248,  col.  2,  1.  1,  for 
"  17  January  "  read  17  June. 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  s,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


281 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  8,  1910, 


CONTENTS.-No.  41. 

NOTES:— Mrs.  Montagu  and  Madame  du  Deffand,  281- 
Cardonnel's  '  Picturesque  Antiquities  of  Scotland,'  282 — 
Horses'  Names  :  Ancient,  283— Railways  and  Motor- Cars 
in  1838,  284— Wasps  :  their  Scarcity  —  Mile.  Pamela's 
Origin—"  Catchpenny  "— "  Catching  the  Speaker's  eye  "— 
Shorthand  Teacher  in  A.D.  155,  285— Early  Printing  in 
Bohemia— Early  Meanings  of  "Pelf"— "Who  was  your 
nigger  last  year?"— "All  right,  McCarthy,"  286. 

QUERIES  :— "Tenedish"— Wellington  on  the  Loss  of  India 
— Bes  Brough ton— Orator  Higgin,  286— David  Garrick  in 
France — Peter  de  Latour — Municipal  Records  Printed — 
Lincolnshire  Election,  1724— Richard  Cromwell's  Daugh- 
ter, 287 — Shakespeare  Quartos  in  Switzerland  in  1857— 
Archbishop  Whately  and  the  Lord  Lieutenancy  of 
Ireland  —  Tracked  Stones  found  in  Ireland  —  Falkland 
Islands:  Capt.  Durie— Macaulay  Queries,  288— "Dis- 
"iection"  —  "Frightening  Powders" — "On  the  tapis" — 
Malmaison  — Mordaunt's  Index  to  'Jackson's  Oxford 
Journal'— 'The  Annals  of  England,'  289. 

KEPLIES  :-Gulstpn  Addison's  Death  at  Madras,  289— 
James  Weale — Richard  Gem— R.  Churche — John  Rylands 
Library:  Dante  Codex— " Smouch,"  A  Term  for  a  Jew, 
291— Kipling  and  the  Swastika,  292 -Boys  in  Petticoats 
and  Fairies— '  Arno  Miscellany '—Proprietary  Chapels, 
293 — Dictionary  of  Mythology — H.M.S.  Avenger — Words- 
worth :  Variant  Readings,  294— Frank  Nicholls— Francis 
Peck— Sir  Eyre  Coote's  Monument— "Yellow-Backs "— 
Francis  Thompson  —  Peck  and  Beckford  Fuller,  295  — 
Theophilus  Feild — F.  Faillteau — "Game  leg" — Islington 
Historians,  296— H.  A.  Major  — Limerick  Glove  in  a 
Walnut  Shell— Authors  Wanted— Telephones  in  Banks, 
297—"  Scupper  "—Barlow  Trecothick,  Lord  Mayor,  298. 

.NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— '  English  Church  Brasses  '—Reviews 
and  Magazines. 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

OBITUARY  :— Major  James  Stuart  King. 


MRS.  MONTAGU  AND  MADAME 
DU  DEFFAND. 

MRS.  MONTAGU,  the  Queen  of  the  Blues,  paid 
several  visits  to  Paris,  v/.here,  according  to 
Wraxall, 

"she  displayed  to  the  astonished  literati  the 
extent  of  her  pecuniary,  as  well  as  of  her  mental 
resources. ..  .The  eulogiums  lavished  on  the 
Repasts,  and  the  astonishment  expressed  at  the 
magnitude  of  her  income ....  seem  to  have 
afforded  her  as  much  gratification,  as  the  pane- 
gyrics bestowed  upon  the  '  Essay  on  Shake- 
speare.' She  found  the  men  of  letters  well  bred 
and  easy,  their  politeness  showing  that  they  were 
used  to  converse  with  women,  while  it  was  equally 
obvious  that  the  women  were  accustomed  to 
talk  to  men." 

It  is  particularly  interesting  to  see  how 
the  English  lady,  who  made  a  heroic,  if  not 
altogether  successful  attempt  to  naturalize 
the  salon  in  England,  impressed  a  great 
social  leader  like  Madame  du  Deffand.  In 
1776  she  writes  to  Horace  Walpole  :— 

"  Je  soupai  hier  chez  les  Necker  avec  une 
Madame  Montagu ;  la  connaissez-vous  ?  C'est 
un  bel  esprit,  dit-on  ;  cela  est-il  vrai  ?  Est-elle 
des  vrais  Montagu  ?  " 


So  local  was  the  fame  of  the  '  Essay  on 
Shakespeare  '  ! 

Then  a  little  later  :— 

"  La  dame  de  Montagu  ne  me  deplait  point,  sa 
conversation  est  penible  parce  qu'elle  parle 
difficilement  notre  langue  ;  elle  est  tres  polie,  et 
elle  n'a  pas  £t6  trop  pedant  avec  moi  ;  je  lui 
ai  fait  voir  la  lettre  de  Voltaire,  elle  me  dit  sur 
les  perles  et  le  fumier  [Voltaire  had  said  Shake- 
speare was  a  "  fumier  "  where  he  had  found 
"  quelques  perles  "]  que  '  ce  fumier  n'avait  pas 
servi  a  fertiliser  sa  terre.'  " 

The  ordinary  version  of  Mrs.  Montagu's 
mot  is  that  she  said  the  "fumier  a  fertilise 
une  terre  bien  ingrate." 

Madame  du  Deffand  also  describes  how 
she  went  to  one  of  the  excellent  suppers 
(the  old  lady  was  a"  terrible  gourmet)  which 
Mrs.  Montagu  gave  at  a  house  she  had 
hired  at  Chaillot.  "C'est  une  femme 
raisonnable,"-  she  writes,  *'  ennuyeuse  sans 
doute,  mais  bonne  femme  et  tres  polie." 

On  returning  to  England,  Mrs.  Montagu 
wrote  Madame  du  DefTand  the  following 
letter.  It  was  dated  10  May,  1777,  but 
never  reached  her  till  15  November,  thanks 
to  the  dilatoriness  of  the  gentleman  to 
whom  it  had  been  entrusted.  It  is  interest- 
ing as  a  specimen  of  Mrs.  Montagu's  French 
style  : — 

Madame  de  Montagu  a  Madame  la    Marquise  clu 
Deffand. 
Hill  Street,  10  mai,  1777. 

Madame,  un  souvenir  bien  tendre  des  bonte"s 
dont  vous  m'avez  honored  a  Paris  m'a  souvent 
excit^e  a  vous  assurer  de  ma  reconnaissance  ; 
mais  toutes  les  fois  que  j'ai  eu  occasion  de  parler 
de  vous  a  des  amis  qui  ont  le  bonheur  de  vous 
connaitre,  je  trouve  que,  meme  dans  notre  langue 
maternelle,  les  expressions  nous  manquent,  et 
que  nous  ne  savons  rendre  justice  au  sujet  ni  aux 
sentiments  qu'il  inspire.  Tout  1'esprit  de  M. 
Walpole, toute  I'^loquence  de  M.  Burke  n'ysuffisent 
pas  ;  que  ferai-je  done  moi  ?  II  ne  me  reste  qu' 
une  ressource,  c'est  de  vous  adresser,  comme  a 
une  divinit^,  et  de  vous  ofirir  simplement  de 
1'encens  ;  c'est  le  culte  le  plus  pur  et  le  moins 
t£m£raire.  Je  vous  prie,  Madame,  de  me  per- 
mettre  de  vous  offrir  deux  cassolettes,  ou  j'ai  mis 
des  aromatiques.  Les  ignorants  et  les  barbares 
se  servent  de  signes  et  de  symboles  au  d^faut  de 
paroles  ;  1'encens  que  je  vous  pr&sente  puisse-t-il 
vous  faire  entendre  tout  le  respect,  1'attachement 
et  la  reconnaissance  avec  lesquels  j'ai  1'honneur 
d'etre,  Madame, 

Votre  tres-humble  et  tres-obeissante  servante, 

E.  MONTAGU. 

Madame  du  Deffand  sends  a  characteristic 
reply,  complimenting  her  duly  on  her  Essay 
and  her  three  'Dialogues  of  the  Dead.' 
The  present  did  not  arrive  till  the  following 
March,  and  showed  that  the  taste  of  the 
"  female  Maecenas  of  Hill  Street  "•  was  not 
unlike  that  of  a  modern  American  millionaire. 


282 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [11  s.  n.  OCT.  s,  1910. 


"  J'ai  re$u  enfin  le  present  de  Madame 
de  Montagu,'1  she  tells  Horace  Walpole. 
' '  Ce  sont  deux  cassolettes  d'argent  que  mon 
orfevre  estime  vingt  ou  vingt-cinq  louis  ; 
j'en  suis  desolee  ;  a  peine  la  connaissais-je.'? 

LACY    COLLISON-MORLEY. 


CARDONNEL'S   'PICTURESQUE  ANTI- 
QUITIES OF  SCOTLAND.' 

THIS  book  offers  the  bibliographer  some 
hard  nuts  to  crack.  Lowndes  says  :  "  Lond. 
1788-93.  8vo,  4  pts.  100  plates "  ;  but 
there  were  quarto  editions  and  at  least 
103  plates.  Collation  is  difficult,  as  the 
leaves  with  plates  and  descriptions  com- 
bined have  neither  pagination  nor  signatures, 
and  no  list  is  supplied. 

I  have  lying  before  me  three  distinct 
varieties,  which  for  convenience  I  call 
X  ,Y,  Z. 

X.  1.    Picturesque  |  Antiquities  |  of  |  Scotland,  | 
Etched  by  |  Adam  de  Cardonnel.  |  Part  I.  |  [Quota- 
tion   from  Addison.]  |  London:  |  Printed    for   the 
Author,  and  Sold  by  Edwards,  in  Pall-  |  Mall ;  also 
at  Edwards's,  in  Halifax.  |  —  |  M,DCC,LXXXVIII. 

7rV  in.  by  4^  in.  (but  apparently  somewhat 
cut  in  binding).  [  ]2,  A — D4.  Pp.  iv  + 
30 +  [2].  Title,  verso  blank.  Pp.  iii,  iv, 
Preface.  Pp.  1-30,  Introduction,  Part  I. 
Religious  Houses.  The  leaf  D4  was  utilized 
for  the  half-title  of  Part  II.  (infra).  Then 
follow  twenty -five  unnumbered  leaves,  each 
with  a  plate  and  underneath  a  short  de- 
scription. The  plates  are  of  Inch  Colm  (2), 
Hassingdean,  Borthwick,  Caerlaveroc,  Sweet 
Heart  (2),  Bothwell  (2),  Strathaven,  Elgin 
(2),  Crag  Millor  (3),  Falkland,  St.  Andrews 
(3),  Melrose  (3),  Dryburgh  (3). 

X.  2.    Picturesque  |  Antiquities  |  of  |  Scotland,  | 
Etched  by  |  Adam  de  Cardonnel.  |  Part  II. 

This  half-title  on  last  leaf  of  sheet  D  of 
Part  I.  Followed  by  pp.  3-12,  on  B4+a 
single  leaf  :  Introduction,  Part  II.,  Castles. 
Then  come  twenty-five  unnumbered  leaves, 
each  with  plate  and  description.  The  plates 
are  of  Tantallon,  Kynloss,  Roslin  (2), 
Aberbrothock  (3),  lona,  Spynie,  Loch-leven, 
Balmerinoch,  Culross,  Doun,  Beaulieu,  Plus- 
cardine,  Dunfermline  (2),  St.  Monance, 
Ravenscraig,  Lincluden,  Cruixton,  St. 
Anthony's  Chapel,  Jedburgh,  Kelso,  Duna- 
deer. 

Each  plate  in  Parts  I.  and  II.  has  in  a 
corner  the  etcher's  initials  A.  D.  C.  ;  and 
the  plate-mark  measures  3T3Tr  in.  by  2  A  in. 
Reviews  of  these  two  parts  in  8vo  (seemingly 
issued  at  the  same  time  as  a  completed  work 
at  18s.,  boards)  will  be  found  in  The  Monthly 


Review  for  November,  1788,  p.  452  ;  and 
The  Scots  Magazine  for  December,  1788, 
p.  601. 

X.  3,  4.    Picturesque  |  Antiquities  |  of  |  Scotland, 

|  Etched  by  |  Adam  de  Cardonnel  |  [Quotation  from 

Addison.]  |  London  :  |  Printed  for  the  Author,  and 

Sold  by  |  Edwards  in  Pali-Mall ;  S.  and  E.  |  Harding, 

Pall -Mall;    also  by  |  Edwards's  in  Halifax.  |  - 

M,DCC,XCIII. 

Title  on  a  single  leaf,  followed  by  A4.  A!, 
Dedication  to  Sir  William  Musgrave,  Bart., 
F.R.S.  ;  verso  blank.  A2,  Preface  ;  verso 
paged  v  (sic).  A3,  4,  Introduction  to  Parts- 
Ill,  and  IV.  ;  fourth  page  blank.  Then 
come  in  my  copy  fifty-three  unnumbered 
leaves,  each  with  plate  (3iV  in.  by  2fb-  in,, 
and  without  corner  initials)  and  description. 
The  plates  are  of  Holyrood,  Friars  Carse, 
Sanquhar  (2),  Terreagles,  Torthorwald 
Castle,  Holy  wood,  Morton  (2),  Dundrennan 
(3),  Rive  or  Reeve,  Buitle  (2),  Lagg  (2), 
Spedlings  Castle,  Lochmaben  (2),  Auchin- 
cass  Castle,  Amisfield,  Dalswinton  Castle, 
Killosborn  Castle,  Drumelzier  Castle,  Tinnis 
or  Thanes  Castle,  Drochal  Castle,  Roxburgh 
Castle,  Manuel  Priory  (2 ) :  [in  my  copy 
Plate  I.  has  the  letterpress  of  Plate  II.], 
Edinburgh  Castle,  Lochore  Castle,  Cam- 
buskenneth,  Linlithgow  (2),  Dumblain  Cathe- 
dral, Dunkeld  Cathedral,  Loch  Tay  Priory,. 
Reslalrig  [sic]  Church,  Cathcart  Castle, 
Clackmannan,  Comlongon,  Werk  Castle, 
Norham  Castle,  Berwick  Castle,  Colding- 
ham  (2),  Fast  Castle,  Dunbar  Castle,  North 
Berwick  Church  (Plate  II.),  Dirleton  Castle, 
Coupar  Abbey,  North  Berwick  (Plate  I.). 

I  have  not  traced  any  contemporary  review 
of  Parts  III.  and  IV. 

Y.  First  quarto  edition :   10  in.  by  7i^  in.  (some- 
what cut). 

This  is  not  simply  a  large-paper  edition- 
The  whole  of  the  type — titles,  prefaces,  de- 
scriptions— is  differently  set.  The  length 
of  each  line  of  the  text  is  4:^  in.,  while  in  the 
8vo  edition  it  is  3^V  in  . 

Y.    1.   Title      as      in     XI,      save     that 

Part  I."  does  not  appear  and  the  imprint 
runs  : — 

London  :  |  Printed  for  the  Author,  and  Sold  by  | 
Edwards,  in  Pall -Mall;  also  by  |  Edwards's,  in 
Halifax.  |  —  |  M,DCC,LXXXVIII. 


[  ]2,  A — G\  Pp.  iv  +  27  +  [l].  Title,  verso 
blank.  Pp.  iii,  iv,  Preface:  begins  |  "The 
reception  which  a  former  Publication  met 
with,  has  en-"  |  Pp.  1-27,  Introduction, 
Part  I.  Religious  Houses  ;  has  last  line  on 
p.  1  |  "so  much  of  their  estates  as  they 
chose,  was  the  most  beneficial."  |  and  ends 
on  p.  27  |  "land.  See  Introduction  to 
No.  II.  of  this  Work."'  I  o2  verso  is  blank. 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  s,  i9io.)         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


283 


Y.  2.  Picturesque  |  Antiquities  |  of  |  Scotland. 
A  — C-.     Pp.     11  +  [1].      Half-title,     verso 
blank.     Pp.    3-11,    Introduction,    Part.    II. 
Castles.     c2  verso  is  blank. 

Y.  1  is  reviewed  in  the  January  number 
of  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  1788,  and 
Y2  in  the  March  number.  (Hence  this 
quarto  form  may  have  been  the  earlier 
issue.)  Copies  are  sometimes  found  with 
the  plates  arranged  alphabetically,  the 
twenty-five  in  Yl  running  from  Aber- 
brothock  to  Hassingdean,  the  twenty-five 
in  Y2  from  Inch  Colm  to  Tantallon. 

Y.  3.  The  title-page,  on  a  single  leaf,  is, 
line  by  line,  that  of  Yl,  but  it  has  been  reset 
in  different  founts  of  type  ;  verso  blank. 
Then  comes  another  leaf  of  thicker  paper 


with  the  Dedication 
grave  ;    verso  blank. 


to   Sir   William  Mus- 
Then  follow  twenty- 


orresponding  leaf  of  Y2  the  line  runs 
|  "kitchen  and  vaults  beneath,  the  walls 
f  which  are  close  to  the  sea."  | 

My  copy  has  only  Z.  1.  Do  Parts  II.,  III., 
.V.  exist  in  this  form  ?  Of  how  many  parts 
were  copies  printed  on  vellum  ?  What 
explanation  can  be  given  of  the  existence  of 
;hree  distinct  settings  of  the  text  ?  Are 
more  plates  known  than  103  ? 

P.  J.  ANDEBSONV 
University  Library,  Aberdeen. 


nine  leaves  with  (larger)  plates  and  descrip- 
tions, arranged  in  alphabetical  order  from 
Edinburgh  Castle  to  Werk  Castle. 

There  is  nothing  to  show  when  this  third 
part  was  issued.  Although  the  title-page 
bears  the  date  1788,  several  of  the  views 
are  stated  to  have  been  "  taken  in  1789.n 

Y.  4.  The  title-page  is  that  of  Yl  and  Y3 
but  with  the  founts  again  altered,  and  with 
the  imprint : — 

London :  j  Printed  for  the  Author,  and  Sold  by 
Edwards,  |  Pail-Mall;  S.  and  E.Harding,  Pall- Mall 
|  also  by  Edwards's  in  Halifax.  |  —  |  M,DCC,XCIII. 
[  ]4.     Pp.    iv  +  3  +  [l].     Title,    verso    blank. 
Pp.  iii,  iv,  Preface.     Pp.  1-3,  Introduction 
to  Parts  III.  and  IV.     Then  follow  twenty- 
four    leaves    with    plates    and    descriptions 
arranged  in  alphabetical  order,  from  Amis- 
field  to  Dunkeld  Cathedral. 

Z.  Second  quarto  edition:  9^  in.  by  8  in.  (some- 
what cut.) 

The  founts  and  setting  differ  throughout 
from  those  of  Y,  though  the  length  of  line 
of  the  text  is  virtually  the  same. 

Z.  1.  The  title-page  is,  line  by  line,  that 
of  Yl  ;  but  it  may  be  easily  identified  by 
having  "Pallmall"  in  the  imprint  given  as 


HORSES1    NAMES:    ANCIENT. 

IN  the  introduction  to  my  list  of  modem 
names  of  horses  (ante,  p.  124)  I  promised 
a  list  of  ancient  names,  but  the  names  of 
legendary  and  historic  horses  are  not  in- 
cluded. Dr.  Brewer  has  given  a  catalogue 
of  such  names  in  'Phrase  and  Fable,'-  1895, 


PP 


appears 
Pall-Mall.' 


one  word.     In  Yl   and   Y3   it 

"  Pall    Mall "  ;      in     Y4     as 

Preface  begins  (on  p.  iii)  |  "  The  reception 

which  a  former  Publication  met  with,  has"  |  . 

Introduction,  first  par.  (on  p.  1)  ends 
|  "  their  estates  as  they  chose,  was  the 

most  beneficial.'*  |    ;   the  last  line  (on  p.  27) 

being  |  "  See  Introduction  to  No.  II.  of  this 
work."  I  The  twenty-five  plates  (as  in  XI  : 
Inch  Colm  to  Dryburgh)  are  inserts  on  thin 
tinted  paper,  and  the  descriptions  are  all 
reset.  Thus  the  last  line  below  Inch  Colm, 
!'1;U<>  I.,  runs  |  "and  vaults  beneath,  the 
walls  of  which  are  close  to  the  sea.n  !  In  the 


624-7. 

Some  w6rds  originally  denoting  the  colours 
became  afterwards  common  names  of  horses; 
others  indicated  their  work.  Much  interest- 
ing information  is  afforded  by  the  '  N.E.D.1 
under  "bayard,23  "  bausond,"  "  dobbin,'4 
"fen-aunt,^  "grizzle,'*  "hobby,"  "  lyard," 
"morel,"  and  "palfrey."  On  "  bayard  " 
see  also  9  S.  i.  55  ;  v.  441  ;  vii.  106,  369  ; 
and  Skeat,  '  E.E.Proy.,2  No.  288.  I  have 
references  to  North  Riding  Record  Soc.,  iv. 
234,  254,  258,  and  to  Ruggles's  '  Ignoramus'' 
quoted  in  Gent.  Mag.,  1854,  ii.  569,  but  I  have 
not  the  books  at  hand. 

C.S.  stands  for  Camden  Soc. ;  N.S.,  New 
Series ;  O.H.S.,  Oxford  Hist.  Soc.  ;  S.S.,. 
Surtees  Soc. 

Alle,  1581,  S.S.  xxxviii.  29. 
Ambler,  gray,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
Ardington,  gray,  1589,  S.S.  xxxviii.  175. 
Askerne,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  59. 
Ball,  1495,  S.S.  liii.  113. 
Barleby,  1495,  S.S.  liii.  114. 
Barnard,  1495,  S.S.  liii.  114. 
Baron,  1495,  S.S.  liii.  113. 
Bartram,  1379,  S.S.  iv.  107. 
Bausand,  1451,  S.S.  xlv.   120. 
Bay,  blind,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
Bayard,  blind,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 

,,     1585,  Hanmer,  'Eccl.  Hist.,'  1650, 
p.  500. 

loyal,    brown    bay,    1639,    T.    de    Gray, 
'  Compl.  Horsem.,'  22. 
trusty,    brown   bay,    1639,    T.    de    Gray, 

'  Compl.  Horsem.,'  p.  23. 
de  Crundone,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  59. 
Cutte,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
Nesfeld,  1393,  S.S.  iv.  189. 
Porter,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
Pynhors,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
of  Ripon,  1400,  S.S.  xlv.  16. 
de  Staunford,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  59. 
de  Wirethorp,  1358,  S.S.  iv.  69  (Weaver- 
thorpe). 


284 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  s,  1910. 


Bayerd,  1482,  C.S.,  Third  Series,  i.  86,  99,  128. 
„       little,  1495,  S.S.  liii.  113. 

de  Bekwith,  1379,  S.S.  iv.  107. 
Bellaby,  gray,  1591,  S.S.  xxxviii.  193  (Bellerby). 
Bird,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
Bleb,  gray,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
Bonne,  gray,  1591,  S.S.  xxxviii.  193. 
Bosse,  1461,  S.S.  xxx.  249. 
Brune,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
-Clifford,  white,  1573,  S.S.  xxvi.  238. 
Clowcrost,  1404,  S.S.  xcix.  137. 
Conyers,  black,  1559,  S.S.  xxvi.  136. 
€otesworth,  bay,  1591,  S.S.  xxxviii.  193. 
Craven,  gray,  1557,  S.S.  xxvi.  94. 
•Curtail,  bay,  1562,  S.S.  xxvi.  154. 
Dextrarius,  1240,  C.S.  xci.  pp.  lix,  26b. 
Dobbin,  1720,  J.  Swift,  '  Letter  to  Young  Poet.' 
,,         1760,  Climenson,  '  Eliz.  Montagu,'  1906 

ii.  215. 

JJoxo,  gray,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
Ferrant,  a  palfrey  (early),  Harl.  Soc.,  iv.  52. 
Fletcher,  white,  1562,  S.S.  xxvi.  154. 
JFrampton,  gray,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
Franklin,  1609,  B.  Jonson,  '  Silent  Woman,'  I.  i. 
Good,  young,  1581,  S.S.  xxxviii.  29. 
Gray,  friend,  1578,  S.S.  xxxviii.  173. 
Greine,  1550,  S.S.  xxvi.  70. 
Gresill,  1434,  S.S.  xxx.  37. 
Grisel,  Grysel,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  59. 
Gryme,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
Gyll,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 
Hebdan,  1553,  S.S.  xxvi.  76. 
Hobby  (obinus,  a  light  horse),  C.S.,  N.S.  liii.  (in  ii. 

31). 

Hoge,  1451,  S.S.  xlv.  120. 
.Jullein,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.,  x.  58. 
Jumentum,  1240,  C.S.,  xci.  pp.  lix,  26b. 
Kyrke,  1508,  S.S.  liii.  271. 
Liard  de  Watton,  white,  1380,  S.S.  iv.  112. 
Liart,  13th  cent.,  C.S.  Ixxii.  157. 
Lierd  Bristewikk,  1514,  S.S.  xlv.  181  (Burstwick). 

„     Dale,  gray,  1476,  S.S.  xlv.  224. 
Louse,  1658,  Genealogist,  N.S.  x.  230. 
Lyard,  1468,  C.S.,  N.S.  xvii.  238. 
Lyard,  gray,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 

„      white,  1639,  T.  de  Gray,  '  Compl.  Horsem .,' 

22. 

Baraclough,  1503,  S.S.  liii.  215. 
de'  Ebor,  1347,  S.S.  iv.  39. 
Gisburn,  1438,  S.S.  xxx.  64. 
de  Langford,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  58. 
Nevile,  1449,  S.S.  xxx.  147. 
Otteley,  1495,  S.S.  liii.  114. 
Rouclyff,  1393,  S.S.  iv.  189. 
Lyart,  1578,  S.S.  xxxviii.  173. 
Lyerd  Banys,  1509,  S.S.  liii.  289. 
Mason,  gray,  1559,  S.S.  xxvi.  136. 
Milner,  gray,  1559,  S.S.  xxvi.  136. 
Morel,  13th  cent.,  C.S.  Ixxii.  157. 
Morell,  black,  1495,  S.S.  liii.  114. 
„       de  Cobham,  1336,  S.S.  c.  531. 
„       de  Welwik,  1358,  S.S.  iv.  69. 
Morrell  de  Tyrweyn,  1347,  S.S.  iv.  39. 
Nesum,  gray,  1591,  S.S.  xxxviii.  193. 
Palefridus,  1240,  C.S.  xci.  pp.  lix,  26b. 
Peard,  1451,  S.S.  xlv.  120. 
Peppercorn,    1609,    B.  Jonson,  '  Silent  Woman,' 

Pountyngton,  1310,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  12. 
Powishe,  gray,  1512,  S.S.  Ixxix.  28. 
Puppy,  '1609,  B.  Jonson,  '  Silent  Woman,'  I   i 
Rameseye,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  59. 


Rande,  1485,  S.S.  Ixiv.  372. 

Rayner,  1485,  S.S.  Ixiv.  372. 

Readshaw,  1624,  S.S.  Ixiv.  363. 

Redeman,  gray,  1573,  S.S.  xxvi.  237. 

Rougton,  gray,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 

Rudd'  de  Acton,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  59. 

Runcinus,  1240,  C.S.  xci.  pp.  lix,  26b. , 

Sareson,  1495,  S.S.  liii.  113. 

Schirlok,  Schyrlok,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  58,  59. 

Scot,  gray,  1389,  O.H.S.  xxxii.  60. 

Skypperegrys,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  59. 

Sleght,  1495,  S.S.  liii.  113. 

Somer  (of  the  Kitchen),  1400,  S.S.  xlv.  15. 

Sorell,  1406,  S.S.  iv.  341. 

Sorrell,  1639,  T.  de  Gray, '  Compl.  Horsem.,'  22. 

Spence,  bay,  1559,  S.S.  xxvi.  136. 

Staunford,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  58. 

Stedisone,  Steddisone,  1341,  S.S.  c.  542. 

Sterre,  1303,  C.S.,  N.S.  x.  58  (star). 

Stokdale,  1512,  S.S.  Ixxix.  28. 

Story,  gray,  1589,  S.S.  xxxviii.  175. 

Swaill,  bay,  1562,  S.S.  xxvi.  154  (Swale). 

Swan,  gray,  1557,  S.S.  xxvi.  94. 

Tailor,  gray,  1557,  S.S.  xxvi.  94. 

Varond,  1451,  S.S.  xlv.  120. 

Wandesford,  white,  1559,  S.S.  xxvi.  136. 

Waring,  bay,  1559,  S.S.  xxvi.  136. 

Whitefoot,  1596,  Misc.  Gen.  et  Her.,  Third  Series, 

i.  6. 

„  1609,  B.  Jonson,  '  Silent  Woman,'  I.  i. 

WTiitemane,  1609,  B.  Jonson, '  Silent  Woman,'  I.  i. 
Whitenose,    1760,    Climenson,    '  Eliz.    Montagu,' 

1906,  ii.  215. 
Williamson,  bay,  1591,  S.S.  xxxviii.  193. 

gray,   1591,  S.S.  xxxviii.   193. 
Wren,  1559,  S.S.  xxvi.  133. 

There  .can  be  little  doubt  that  when  the 
name  is  a  proper  one  it  is  often  that  of  the 
place  at  which,  or  the  person  by  whom,  the 
horse  was  bred.  W.  C.  B. 


RAILWAYS  AND  MOTOR-CARS  IN   1838. — 
There   is   a   fine   diatribe   against   railroads  ! 
and  steam-engines  in  No.   4  of  The  Aldine 
Magazine    (22    December,    1838),    probably 
written  by  William  West.     Here  are  some  i 

ague    prophecies    of    present-day    motors  i 
and  their  possible  development : — 

"  As  a  well-known  engineer  has  pronounced  them 
;o  be,  the  railroads  are  in  their  construction  a  dis-  j 

?race  to  the  age  and  to  the  country If  something  I 

5e  not  promptly    achieved  in    its    favour— if  the 

nited  aid  of  science  and  the  legislature  be  not 
called  forth — the  whole  system  must  speedily  destroy 
tself,  even  by  its  own  impotence.    Independently  j 
of  this,  we  have  not  a  doubt  that,  ere  many  years  I 
shall  have  passed,  it  will  be  superseded  by  a  new,  a  j 
3heaper,  a  more  simple,  more  easily  manageable, 
and  yet  far  more  powerful  agent  than  steam.    In 
he  interim,  we  urge  the  formation  of  stage-coach 
ompanies —  more    particularly    of    steam -carriage 
ompanies,  for  turnpike  roads — or,  what  would  be 
>etter,  for  stone  tramways.     Maceroni's  steam  car- 
iage  will  go  sixteen  or  eighteen  miles  an  hour  on  a 
ommon  turnpike  road,  a  speed  nearly,  if  not  quite 
qual  to  the  average  speed  of  the  trains  on  many  of 
he  railways." 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 


n  B.  ii.  OCT.  s,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


285 


WASPS  :  THEIR  PRESENT  SCARCITY. — One 
of  my  earliest  contributions  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  was 
on  the  scarcity  of  wasps  in  1865  (3  S.  viii. 
297).  This  scarcity  was  widely  noticed, 
and  several  writers  gave  their  opinions 
concerning  the  cause.  The  same  thing  is 
observable  this  year.  I  have  seen  only  one 
wasp,  and  it  was  semi-torpid.  Last  year 
they  were  almost  a  plague.  Plums  also  are 
scarce,  but  ants,  earwigs,  gnats,  midges, 
moths,  and  spiders  have  been  plentiful. 

W.  C.  B. 

[Visitors  to  the  "Golden  Mile"  of  the  Rhine 
have  commented  on  the  notable  scarcity  of  wasps 
there  this  summer  as  compared  with  former  years.] 

MLLE.  PAMELA  :  HER  ORIGIN. — I  find  the 
following  interesting,  and  obviously  inspired 
statement  concerning  "Pamela"  in  The 
General  Evening  Post  (London),  Jan.  1-3, 
1793,  a  few  months  after  her  marriage  to 
Lord  Edward  Fitzgerald .  She  sat  to  Romney 
in  1792  (see  Ward  and  Roberts's  'Romney  : 
Catalogue  Raisonne,*  p.  117).  I  think 
the  statement,  whatever  its  merits  as  an 
historical  document,  well  worth  rescuing 
from  the  columns  of  a  little-known  news- 
paper:— 

"We  have  to  contradict  the  opinion,  generally 
received  in  England  and  France,  that  this  lady  is 
nearly  related  to  the  ci-devant  Duke  of  Orleans. 
The  circumstances  which  refute  it  are  these  : 

"  It  was  part  of  the  excellent  plan,  laid  down  by 
Madame  Genlis,  for  the  education  of  the  young 
princess  of  Orleans,  that  she  should  have  some 
young  person  to  share  with  her  the  advantages  of 
tuition,  that  so  emulation  might  be  excited,  and 
the  habits  of  society  be  rendered  familiar,  by  the 
earliest  experience.  In  a  little  village  between 
Whitchurch  and  Southampton,  she  was  detained, 
several  years  since,  by  accident,  for  one  night ;  and 
it  was  there,  that,  from  some  circumstance,  not 
exactly  stated,  she  was  induced  to  adopt  a  beautiful 
child,  of  very  poor  parents,  for  the  purpose  of  this 
involuntary  assistance  in  her  plan  of  education. 

"The  Duchess  of  Orleans  was  then  not  separated 
from  the  Duke,  or,  at  least,  not  so  far  but  that  they 
conferred  together  on  the  education  of  their  chil- 
dren. She  received  the  child  with  fondness  equal 
to  that  of  Madame  Genlis,  and  gave  her  the  name 
of  Pamela.  Why  it  was  always  hinted  that  this 
child  was  related  to  M.  D'Orleans,  is  not  told  ;  but 
it  may  be  depended  upon  that  Pamela  was  legiti- 
mately born  of  English  parents,  and  that  it  is  she 
who  has  become  Lady  Edward  Fitzgerald." 

W.  ROBERTS. 

"  CATCHPENNY." — In  the  '  Life  and  Times 
of  James  Catnach,1  by  Charles  Hindley 
(Reeves  &  Turner,  1878),  p.  149,  the  follow- 
ing paragraph  occurs  : — 

"Catnach  cleared  over  500/.  by  this  event  [i.e., 
the  execution  of  Thurtell  for  the  murder  of  William 

"eare] and  so  about  a  fortnight  after  Thurtell 

was  hanged,  Jemmy  brought  out  a  startling  broad- 


sheet, headed,  '  \VE  ARE  ALIVE  AGAIN  ! '  He  put  so 
little  space  between  the  words  '  we '  and  '  are '  that  it 
looked  at  first  sight  like  '  WEARE.'  Many  thousands 
were  bought  by  the  ignorant  and  .gullible  public, 
but  those  who  did  not  like  the  trick  called  it  a 
'  catch  penny,'  and  this  gave  rise  to  the  peculiar 
term,  which  was  afterwards  stuck  to  the  issues  of 
the  Seven  Dials'  Press." 

The  use  of  the  word  "  catchpenny,"  as 
applied  to  street  literature,  may  be  traced 
long  before  the  times  of  Jemmy  Catnach, 
and  it  did  not  originate  with  Thurtell' s 
execution  in  1824. 

Writing  to  Lord  Carlisle  on  4  July,  1769, 
George  Selwyn  observes  : — 

"If  anything  is  published  that  is  not  a  mere- 
catch-penny,  as  it  is  called,  I  shall  send  it  directly. 
I  believe  that  the  account  of  the  D[uke]  of  G[raf  ton] 
and  Nancy  [Parsons]  is  of  that  sort,  but  I  know  no 
more  than  the  advertisement."— Hist.  MSS.  Comm., 
Fifteenth  Report,  Appx.  Part  VI.  p.  248. 

I  have  noticed  a  similar  use  of  the  word 
in  the  newspapers  during  the  latter  half  of 
the  eighteenth  century. 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

[The  earliest  instance  of  the  word  as  a  substantive- 
recorded  in  the  'N.E.D.'  is  1760,  but  the  first  quo- 
tation for  the  adjectival  use,  "one  of  those  catch- 
penny subscription  works,"  shows  that  the  word 
was  already  familiar  in  1759.] 

"  CATCHING  THE  SPEAKER'S  EYE.'*  (See 
8  S.  ix.  208,  338  ;  9  S.  iii.  211.)—  A  curious 
addition  can  be  made  to  the  notes  on  this 
subject  by  the  following  paragraph  from 
The  Globe  of  2  August,  reporting  the  pro- 
ceedings at  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Hearts- 
of  Oak  Benefit  Society,  held  in  London  : — 

"  Mr.  Westcott  moved  'that  the  usual  practice- 
of  the  President  catching  the  speaker's  eye  be 
adopted,  and  the  present  method  of  handing  up 
names  of  the  speakers  be  discontinued.'  This 
motion  led  to  a  prolonged  debate,  and  on  being  put 
to  the  vote  was  defeated  by  76  votes  to  71." 

This  seems  an  inversion  of  the  accepted 
meaning  of  the  phrase,  but  it  should  be 
read  in  conjunction  with  the  extract  I  gave 
at  9  S.  iii.  211  from  The  Monthly  Magazine 
for  1798.  ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

SHORTHAND  TEACHER  IN  A.D.  155.  — 
Amongst  the  manuscripts  found  at  Oxy- 
rhynchus,  and  edited  by  Grenfell  and  Hunt, 
is  a  papyrus  (No.  724)  dated  in  the  eighteenth 
year  of  the  Emperor  Titus,  which  has  con- 
siderable interest  for  stenographers.  It  is  a 
document  by  which  Panechotes,  also  called 
Panares,  an  ex-cosmetes  of  Oxyrhynchus, 
apprentices  his  slave  to  Apollonius,  a 
teacher  of  shorthand.  The  boy  Chaerammon 
was  to  remain  two  years  as  a  pupil  if  the 
teacher  desired  to  retain  him.  The  pay- 


286 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  s,  1910. 


merit  for  instruction  was  120  silver  drachmae, 
payable  in  three  instalments  :  the  first  at 
the  beginning,  the  second  when  the  boy  has 
learnt  the  whole  system,  and  the  third  and 
last  when  he  writes  faultlessly  and  reads 
fluently.  The  name  of  this  teacher  of  short- 
hand of  the  year  A.D.  155  was  Apollonius, 
and  the  slave  boy  was  to  be  taught  the 
characters  which  were  known  to  Dionysius, 
the  son  of  the  teacher.  If  the  slave  boy  learnt 
in  less  than  two  years,  the  owner  agreed  not 
to  insist  on  further  tuition. 

It  is  worth  noting  that  in  a  document 
of  A.D.  183  the  term  of  apprenticeship  to 
weaving  was  five  years  ;  but  as  in  a  similar 
deed  of  A.D.  66  the  term  is  for  one  year  only, 
it  is  not  easy  to  see  what  was  the  rule  as  to 
.the  length  of  apprenticeship. 

WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 

Manchester. 

EABLY  PRINTING  IN  BOHEMIA. — In  their 
: great  Russian  history  of  Slavonic  literature 
Messrs.  Pypin  and  Spassovitch  state — in 
the  section  on  Bohemian  literature — that 
ardent  Russian  and  Cech  Slavophiles  saw 
in  Gutenberg  a  certain  "  Jan  Kutnohorsky," 
i.e.,  John  of  Kutna  Hora  (Kuttenberg),  the 
historical  mining  town  and  mint.  Printing 
presses  were  established  at  Pilsen  for  the 
Catholics,  at  Prague  and  Kutna  Hora  for  the 
Utraquists,  and  at  Mlada  Boleslav  ("  Mount 
Carmel")  and  Litomisl  ("Mount  Olivet") 
for  the  Bohemian  Brethren,  whose  literary 
activity  combined  with  the  progress  of 
humanism  raised  Bohemian  culture  to  a  high 
level  in  the  sixteenth  century. 

FRANCIS  P.  MARCHANT. 

"  PELF  "  :  ITS  EARLY  MEANINGS. — What- 
ever the  meaning  or  significance  of  "pelf5 
may  have  been  in  Puttenham's  time  (see 
MR.  CRAWFORD'S  remarks,  ante,  p.  183),  it 
had  quite  another  in  Cheshire  in  the  thir- 
teenth and  fourteenth  centuries.  It  then 
signified  the  proportion  of  the  goods  anc 
chattels  of  felons,  outlaws,  &c.,  allowec 
to  the  Serjeants  and  bedells  of  the  peace  as  a 
perquisite  of  office  and  stimulus  to  activity 
Cheshire  records  indicate  that  under  the 
title  of  "  pelf  "  or  "  pilfre  "  the  guardians  o\ 
the  peace  took  the  felon's  best  beast,  al" 
wooden  vessels,  linen  and  woollen  cloths 
one  quarter  of  his  threshed  corn,  and  in 
some  cases  his  money  if  it  did  not  exceec 
one  hundred  shillings  ;  but  nothing  mad 
or  bound  with  iron,  which  went,  with  the 
residue  of  the  felon's  goods,  to  the  Earl  of 
Chester.  See  '  The  Wapentake  of  Wirral, 
p.  30.  R.  S.  B. 


"  WHO    WAS   YOUR   NIGGER    LAST   YEAR  ?  " 

— An  American  boy,  when  told  to  do  some- 
thing by  a  person  whose  authority  he  did 
not  recognize,  was  apt  to  reply,  "  Who  was 
your  nigger  last  year  ?  "  This  saying  dis- 
appeared after  emancipation. 

O.  H.  DARLINGTON. 

"  ALL  RIGHT,  MCCARTHY." — The  story  in 
America  is  that  the  Atlantic  cable  of  1858, 
after  a  few  messages,  ceased  to  work. 
After  some  delay,  a  message  came  from 
Ireland,  "All  right,  McCarthy."-  But  it 
was  all  wrong  after  that.  This  expression 
is  still  in  use.  O.  H.  DARLINGTON. 

Pittsburg,  Pa. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  name's  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"TENEDISH." — In  Randall  Holme's 
'  Academy  of  Armory  J  (and  storehouse  of 
terms  in  arts  and  sciences  generally),  1688, 
p.  152,  col.  2,  among  terms  used  in  glass- 
painting,  a  tenedish  is  described  as  "  a  piece 
of  Lead  made  like  a  Muscle  shell,  in  which 
the  black  is  kept  moist  to  work  withal." 
I  have  not  found  tenedish  elsewhere.  Can 
any  one  give  us  any  information  about  its 
use,  derivation,  or  composition,  or  the 
meaning  of  tene  in  it  ?  J.  A.  H.  MURRAY. 

Oxford. 

WELLINGTON  ON  THE  Loss  OF  INDIA. — 
It  is  asserted  that  the  Duke  of  Wellington 
once  said,  "  If  we  ever  lose  India,  it  will  be 
Parliament  that  will  lose  it  for  us."  I  shall 
be  grateful  if  the  saying  can  be  located. 

J.  D.  M. 

Philadelphia. 

BES  BROUGHTON. — A  poem  of  about  1650 
speaks  of  a  female  fanatic  as 

A  brave  Virago  of  Devotion 

swell'd  with  the  Spirit's  Motion, 

Like  mad  Bes  Broughton  in  a  learned  Vaine, 
Or  Madam  Shipton  with  prophetique  straine. 

Who  was  Bes  Broughton  ? 

G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 

ORATOR  HIGGIN. — A  poem  of  1654  refers 
to  "  Oratour  Higgin,"  perhaps  a  fanatic  c 
the  time.     Can  he  be  identified  ? 

G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 

The  University,  Sheffield. 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  s,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


287 


DAVID  GARRICK  IN  FRANCE.  —  David 
Oarrick,  when  in  France  at  the  end  of 
1763,  kept,  during  a  short  time,  a  journal 
of  his  movements.  This  is  quoted  from  in 
Fitzgerald's  'Life  of  Garrick  *  (1868).  Mr. 
Fitzgerald  having  forgotten  the  whereabouts 
of  this  document,  I  should  be  glad  if  any 
reader  could  tell  me  where  it  is  at  present. 

I  should  be  glad,  too,  of  the  indication  of 
.any  sources  of  information  as  to  Garrick' s 
visit  to  France  in  1751. 

Garrick  had  many  French  friends,  and 
must  have  written  at  least  200  letters  to 
people  in  France.  Few  of  these  are  pre- 
served in  the  Boaden  *  Correspondance,'  or 
in  the  Forster  Collection,  or  in  the  additional 
letters  belonging  to  Mr.  Leigh,  and  pub- 
lished by  Mr.  G.  P.  Baker.  One  would 
imagine  that  the  letters  of  »  man  of  such  a 
wide  reputation  would  have  been  preserved. 
My  researches  in  France  have  so  far  been 
very  unsuccessful.  Could  any  reader  indi- 
cate or  suggest  any  possible  hiding-place 
of  Garrick  letters  to  Noverre,  Patu,  Diderot, 
Fenouiillot  de  Falbaire,  Grimm,  Clairon, 
Monnet,  Morellet,  Preville,  Mole,  Riccoboni, 
De  Chastellux,  1  Abbe  Bonnet,  Suard,  De 
la  Place,  Ducis,  Helvetius,  D'Holbach,  De 
Beaumont,  Cailhava  d'Estandoux,  Beau- 
marchais,  Cazotte,  De  Belloy,  or  any  other 
French  correspondents  ?  I  do  not  mention 
Lekain,  Madame  Necker,  Favart,  and  one 
or  two  more,  in  connexion  with  whom  we  have 
probably  all  that  ever  passed. 

Any  information  on  these  subjects  that 
would  help  in  completing  my  documentation 
for  a  short  study  on  '  Garrick  and  his  French 
Friends  '  would  be  much  appreciated. 

F.  A.  HEDGCOCK. 

81,  Thornton  Avenue,  Streatham  Hill,  S.W. 

PETER  DE  LATOUR. — Peter  de  Latour  of 
the  parish  of  Barnstable  (sic)  in  the  county 
of  Devon,  "  born  out  of  the  allegiance  of 
her  most  excellent  Majesty  Queen  Anne," 
appeared  in  the  Court  of  Queen's  Bench  and 
took  the  oaths  prescribed  by  an  Act  passed 
in  6  Anne,  and  produced  certificates  of 
having  taken  the  Sacrament  of  the  Lord's 
Supper  within  three  months,  on  12  June, 
1710.  Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  tell  me 
anything  about  this  Peter  de  Latour,  his 
place  of  birth,  or  relatives,  or  the  date  at 
which  he  came  to  England  ?  He  was,  pre- 
«umably,  of  Huguenot  extraction. 

General  Peter  Augustus  Latour,  C.B., 
K.H.,  who  died  in  1866,  having  served  as  an 
officer  of  Dragoons  at  Waterloo,  may  possibly 
have  been  of  the  same  family. 

ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 


MUNICIPAL  RECORDS  PRINTED. — Has  any 
list  been  published  of  the  municipal  records 
which  have  been  printed,  either  in  part  or 
fully  ?  G.  L.  APPERSON. 

LINCOLNSHIRE  ELECTION,  1724. — In  Janu- 
ary, 1724,  an  election  took  place  at  Lincoln 
in  consequence  of  the  death  of  Sir  William 
Massingberd,  who  was  a  Tory.  The  candi- 
dates were  Sir  Neville  Hickman  and  Robert 
Viner.  The  former  of  these  was  the  Tory 
candidate,  the  latter  a  Whig.  There  can  be 
no  doubt  that  in  those  days  a  large  majority 
of  the  Lincolnshire  freeholders  were  Tories, 
so  that  Hickman  would  have  been  victorious 
by  a  large  majority  had  he  acted  with  dis- 
cretion; he,  however,  signally  failed  to  do 
so.  The  Tory  party  dined  at  "  The  Angel," 
an  old  inn  which  has  long  ceased  to  exist. 
There  was  a  crowded  gathering,  and  the 
wine  passed  very  freely ;  Hickman,  after 
the  manner  of  those  days,  took,  it  is  said, 
far  too  much  stimulant.  However  this  may 
have  been,  the  excitement  was  so  great 
that  at  last  he  fell  on  his  bare  knees  and 
drank  the  health  of  "the  King  over  the 
water  "  amid  the  clamorous  applause  of  the 
greater  part  of  those  present.  The  result 
of  this  wild  folly  was  that  a  very  large 
number  of  those  who  came  to  Lincoln  for 
the  purpose  of  supporting  Hickman  dared  not 
venture  to  do  this,  but  registered  their 
votes  for  Viner,  who  won  the  contest  by 
178.  My  ancestor  Thomas  Peacock  of 
Scotter  and  his  relative  of  the  same  name 
were  both  Jacobites  who  would  on  no 
account  give  way,  but  registered  their  votes 
for  Hickman. 

I  am  not  aware  of  any  printed  document 
of  the  time  recording  what  happened,  but 
there  are  several  letters  concerning  it  in 
The  Lincoln,  Rutland,  and  Stamford  Mercury 
for  11  and  18  June,  1858.  It  is,  however, 
probable  that  reports  of  what  had  occurred 
would  be  at  once  forwarded  to  the  British 
Government,  and  may  have  found  their 
way  into  some  of  the  then  existing  London 
newspapers.  Can  anything  relating  to  this 
election  be  discovered  therein  or  elsewhere  ? 
If  so,  it  is  much  to  be  desired  that  it  should 
be  made  public.  EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

Wickentree  House,  Kirton-in-Lindsey. 

RICHARD  CROMWELL'S  DAUGHTER.  —  In 
The  Daily  Advertiser  of  9  April,  1731,  it  was 
announced  : — 

"Yesterday  Morning  died  in  Bedford-Row,  Mrs. 
Cromwell,  above  Eighty  Years  of  Age,  Daughter  of 
Richard,  Son  of  Oliver  Cromwell ;  she  was  reported 
to  be  worth  at  her  decease  40,OOW.,  and  we  hear  she 


288 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  IL  OCT.  s,  1910. 


has  left  a  considerable  sum  to  Mr.  Thomas  Crom- 
well, a  Grocer,  against  St.  Sepulchre's  Church,  who 
was  her  near  Relation." 

Read's  Weekly  Journal,  or  British  Gazetteer, 
of  the  next  day's  date,  had  the  following  : — 

"Last  Thursday  Morning  died  in  the  82nd  Year 
of  her  Age,  at  her  House  in  Bedford  Row,  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Cromwell,  daughter  to  the  late  Richard 
Cromwell,  once  Lord  Protector  of  these  Realms. 
She  was  a  very  virtuous  and  pious  Lady,  and  we 
hear  has  left  the  Bulk  of  her  Estate  between  Mr. 
Richard  Cromwell,  Bartlett  Buildings,  [an  attorney, 
according  to  The  Daily  Couranf],  and  Mr.  Tho. 
Cromwell  of  Snow-Hill." 

The  Country  Journal;  or,  The  Craftsman 
of  10  April  gave  this  variant : — 

"  Thursday  Morning  died  at  her  House  in 
Bedford-Row,  in  the  82d  Year  of  her  Age,  Mrs. 
Eliza  Cromwell,  Daughter  to  the  late  Richard 
Cromwell,  once  Lord  Protector  of  these  Realms. 
She  was  a  very  pious  and  charitable  Lady,  and  we 
hear  has  left  the  Bulk  of  her  Estate  between 
Richard  and  Thomas  Cromwell." 

According  to  The  Daily  Advertiser  for 
17  April, 

"Yesterday  the  Corpse  of  Oliver  Cromwell's 
Grand-Daughter  was  carried  from  her  late  Dwell- 
ing House  in  Bedford  Row,  to  be  interr'd  at 
Burford,  near  Winchester/' 

Is  there  any  trace  of  the  Richard  and 
Thomas  Cromwell  here  named,   with  their 
descent  from  the  Lord  Protector  Oliver  ? 
ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

SHAKESPEARE  QUARTOS  IN  SWITZERLAND 
IN  1857.— In  The  Art  Journal  of  1857  (p.  131) 
there  is  the  following  announcement  under 
the  heading  of  *  Early  Editions  of  Plays 
by  Shakspere  and  Ben  Jonson l : — 

"  Some  of  the  French  journals  state  that  several 
Shaksperiari  and  other  discoveries  have  been  lately 
made  in  Switzerland.  The  editions  of  *  Romeo  and 
Juliet,'  4to,  1609;  'Hamlet,'  4to,  1611;  'King 
John,'  4to,  1591 ;  '  Volpone,'  by  Ben  Jonson,  4to, 
1607;  and  other  scarce  plays  and  works  of  early 
English  history." 

Is  anything  known  of  this  "find"  ? 

W.  ROBERTS. 

ARCHBISHOP  WHATELY  AND  THE  LORD 
LIEUTENANCY  OF  IRELAND. — Am  I  not  right 
in  my  assumption  that  in  some  of  his  writings 
the  famous  Archbishop  referred  in  luminous 
and  somewhat  scathing  terms  to  the  above 
exalted  office  ?  Any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
who  can  point  me  to  the  passage  will  very 
much  oblige.  J.  MACKAY-WILSON.  " 

Garvagh,  Edgeworthstown. 

TRACKED  STONES  FOUND  IN  IRELAND. — 
I  shall  feel  obliged  if  any  one  can  give  infor- 
mation on  the  origin,  significance,  and  use 
of  what  are  known  as  "  tracked "  stones 
found  in  Ireland.  They  are  oval  or  circular 


polished  pebbles,  with  a  "  track"  or  groove 
produced  by  rubbing.  They  are  said  to  be 
called  by  the  peasantry  in  North  Ireland 
"  little  idols."  The  peculiarity  about  them 
appears  to  be  that  they  will  balance  on  either 
point,  or  on  the  place  bearing  the  groove. 
Is  it  possible  that  they  bear  any  analogy 
to  the  quartz  pebbles  found  in  Neolithic 
interments,  which  were  placed  with  the 
corpse  as  charms  or  amulets  ?  Any  refer- 
ence to  published  literature  on  the  subject 
of  these  stones  will  be  welcome. 

EMERITUS. 

FALKLAND  ISLANDS:  CAPT.  DURIE. — The 
ship  Isabella  was  wrecked  here  in  1813. 
Capt.  Durie,  73rd  Regiment,  and  his  wife 
were  saved.  A  daughter  was  born  to  Mrs. 
Durie  on  the  islands.  Can  any  one  give 
information  as  to  what  became  of  the 
daughter  ?  ALLPORT. 

MACAULAY  QUERIES.  —  Every  item  of 
information  regarding  Macaulay  is  welcome 
to  literary  people.  Sir  George  Trevelyan's 
Life  of  his  uncle  is  delightful,  but  even 
in  that  biographical  masterpiece  there  are 
a  few  omissions  that  one  would  like  to 
see  filled  up  without  the  possibility  of 
harming  any  human  being. 

1.  Is    anything    known    of    the    school- 
fellows of  Macaulay,  while  he  was  at  Shelf  ord, 
and  Aspenden  Hall,  under  the  Rev.  Matthew 
Morris  Preston,   in  addition  to  Wilberforce 
and  Henry  Maiden  ? 

2.  Who  was  Blundell  ?     Young  Thomas 
wrote  to  his  father  Zachary,  22  February, 
1813,    that    he    "was   the    best    and    most 
clever  of  all  the  scholars,  is  very  kind,  and 
talks  to  me  and  takes  my  part.*' 

3.  Can  Wilberforce  ever  have  taken  part 
in  holding  Tom  Macaulay  down  in  an  arm- 
chair, to  shave  him,  &c.,  while  at  Shelf  ord  ? 
The  scene  is  humorously  described  by  the 
Rev.  Frederic  Arnold  in  his  '  Public  Life  of 
Lord  Macaulay,1  1862,  p.  18. 

4.  Macaulay  notes  in  his  diary  that  he 
began  'My  Novel,1  "but  was  not  tempted 
to  go  on  with  it.     Why  is  it  that  I  can  read 
twenty    times    over    the    trash    of    - 

Who  was  the  writer  referred  to?  I  feel 
convinced  it  was  Benjamin  Disraeli. 

5.  One    sometimes   wonders   with   James 
Cotter  Morison  when  a  "  full  representative 
selection  of  Macaulay's  best   letters n    will 
see  the  light.     As  Morison  remarks  : — 

"He  must  have  written,  one  would  think,  to  his- 
colleagues  and  others,  with  more  weight  and  earnest 
ness  than  appears  anywhere  at  present." 

FREDERICK  CHARLES  WHITE. 

26,  Arran  Street,  Roath,  Cardiff. 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  s,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


289 


"  DISJECTION." —  I  do  not  find  "  dis- 
jection "  in  any  French  dictionary.  The 
lexicon  of  Forcellinus  gives  the  Latin 
equivalent.  The  Oxford  Dictionary  gives 
two  examples  of  its  use  before  Carlyle. 
Has  it  been  used  by  any  English  author 
since  Carlyle  ?  THOMAS  FLINT. 

"  YOU  HAVE  FORCED  ME  TO  DO  THIS 

WILLINGLY." — Mr.  Alexander  Carlyle,  in  a 
note  to  a  recent  book,  refers  an  expression 
like  the  above  to  Napoleon.  What  is  the 
authority  ?  THOMAS  FLINT. 

Paris. 

"  FRIGHTENING  POWDERS."  —  In  an  in- 
quest held  at  the  London  Hospital  on 
30  August,  a  woman  said  that  when  her 
child  became  ill  through  being  frightened 
by  a  cat,  she  used  and  *  bought  some 
"  frightening  powders,"  which,  in  this 
instance,  were  supposed  to  be  "  cooling 
powders.'1  "  I  suppose,"  said  the  coroner, 
"  that  when  the  child  was  feverish  you  gave 
it  a  cooling  powder  ;  and  when  it  was  cold 
you  gave  it  a  frightening  powder  to  make 
it  warm.'1  Is  this  phrase  known  in  folk-lore, 
or  is  it  a  modern  invention  ?  I  do  not  find 
it  in  the  '  Dialect  Dictionary '  ;  but  it  may 
have  escaped  notice. 

J.    HOLDEN    MACMlCHAEL. 

"  ON  THE  TAPIS." — When  did  this  pseudo- 
Gallicism  come  into  vogue  in  England  ?  I 
find  it  in  Read's  Weekly  Journal,  or  British 
Gazetteer,  of  28  December,  1751  (O.S.),  in  a 
note  from  the  Paris  A-la-main  of  31  Decem- 
ber (N.S.)  :— 

"  There  is  now  a  Scheme  upon  the  Tapis  for  the 
Erection  in  this  City  of  an  Office,  the  Managers 
whereof  will  be  distinguished  by  the  Names  of  the 
Charitable  Society." 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

MALMAISON.  —  Why  was  the  Empress 
Josephine's  house  called  Malmaison  ?  It 
was  a  singular  name  for  a  lady's  residence. 

BRUTUS. 

MORD AUNT'S  INDEX  TO  '  JACKSON'S 
OXFORD  JOURNAL.' — Will  any  reader  inform 
me  where  the  index  to  obituary  and  bio- 
graphical notices  in  Jackson's  Oxford  Journal, 
1753-1853,  compiled  by  E  A.  B.  Mor- 
daunt,  London,  1904,  can  be  seen  ? 

J.  CHARMAN. 

'  THE  ANNALS  OF  ENGLAND.' — Who  was 
the  author  of  this  work  in  three  volumes, 
published  at  Oxford  and  London  by  J.  H. 
&  Jas.  Parker  in  1855-7  ? 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 


GULSTON    ADDISON'S    DEATH    AT 

MADRAS. 
Ill  S.  ii.  101,  210,  256.) 

THE  letter  to  Lancelot  Addison  which  I 
printed  at  p.  210  shows  that  he  arrived  in 
Madras  after  the  deaths  of  his  brother  and 
sister-in-law.  He  was  there  in  July,  1710, 
as  the  following  promissory  note  proves  : — 

Egerton  MS.  1971,  fo.  9. 

Fort  St.  George 

July  30th  1710 

I  Promise  to  pay  unto  Mr  Lancelot  Addison  the 
sum'e  of  five  pounds  of  Lawfull  money  of  Great 
Britain  wch  I  acknowledge  to  have  borrowed  of  him 
in  wittness  whereof  I  hereunto  Sett  my  hand  the 
day  and  date  above  mentioned.  G.  WAHUP. 

It  seems  doubtful  whether  his  death 
occurred  in  1710,  as  stated  at  p.  103,  as  a 
letter  from  Bernard  Benyon  to  Joseph 
Addison,  dated  Fort  St.  George,  15  August, 
1711,  mentions  the  death  of  Edward  Fleet - 
wood  (16  February,  1710/11),  who  left  his 
wife  sole  executrix, 

"who  tho  she  is  a  very  good  woman,  is  not  a 
proper  person  to  give  me  soe  good  intelligence  of 
what  her  husband  had  done  in  this  affaire  as  I 

expect " 

He  adds  in  a  postscript  that  he  had 
"  allmost  forgot  to  advise  you  of  the  death  of  yor 
Brother  Lancelot.  I  believe  it  would  not  be  im- 
propr  that  you  send  out  letters  of  administration 
to  recover  w*  was  bequeath'd  him  by  Madme  Addi- 
son, in  the  meantime  I  shall  stop  it  here  when  we 
pay  her  Legacy  s."— Egerton  MS.  1972,  fos.  45/7. 

The  inference  is  that  Lancelot's  death 
occurred  early  in  August,  1711. 

MR.  READE  has  noted  (p.  103)  Joseph 
Addison's  vexation  at  the  mismanagement 
of  Gulston  Addison's  estate  ;  it  found 
expression  in  the  following  letters.  They 
bear  no  address,  but  internal  evidence,  and 
the  fact  that  Edward  Harrison,  Governor 
from  11  July,  1711,  of  Fort  St.  George,  had 
been  appointed  Addison's  attorney  on  or 
about  22  January,  1710/11,  show  that  they 
are  copies  of  letters  addressed  to  him. 
Benyon  and  the  Rev.  [George]  Lewis  were 
to  act  in  case  of  Harrison's  death  (Egerton 
MS.  1972,  fos.  19/20,  38,  41). 

Egerton  MS.  1972,  fo.  83. 

(Copy.) 
Dear  Sir,  Jan.  20th  171| 

The  other  Letter  wch  1  have  here  enclosed  to  you 
expresses  my  thoughts  as  I  would  have  them  repre- 
sented to  the  Trustees  for  wch  reason  you  will 
perhaps  think  it  proper  to  be  shewn  to  them  I 


290 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         ui  s.  n.  OCT.  s,  1910. 


must  now  write  to  you  as  I  have  the  Honour  to  look 
upon  you  as  my  friend  and  consider  by  what  means 
I  may'  be  able  to  save  anything  out  of  this  strange 
wreck  of  my  Brothers  fortunes. 

I  have  been  advised  by  some  to  contest  the  whole 
will,  by  others  to  put  in  for  at  least  an  equal  share 
with  Mr  Jolly,  as  I  and  my  sister  in  law  were  left 
Coexecutors,  and  by  every  one  indeed  to  take  out 
a  commission  for  enquiring  into  the  particulars  of 
my  brothers  estate,  and  whether  the  Trustees  have 
not  connived  at  several  mismanagemts  in  relation 
to  Debts  &c,  and  have  in  all  respects  duly  dis- 
charged the  trust  reposed  in  them.  Others  tell  me 
that  I  am  empowered  to  give  the  preference  to 
wch  of  the  Legatees  I  shall  think  fit.  But  since  you 
have  been  pleased  to  assure  me  I  may  relie  upon 
your  friendship  in  this  affair  I  shall  beg  of  you  to 
turn  it  to  my  advantage  as  well  as  the  thing  will 
admit  of.  Perhaps  those  who  are  concerned  in  the 
will  may  think  it  fair  that  I  whom  my  Brother 
designed  to  reap  the  greatest  advantage  by  it 
should  come  in  for  a  proportionable  Dividend  with 
themselves,  wch  may  possibly  be  brought  about  by 
your  good  offices.  I  acquainted  you  in  my  last 
with  the  money  I  had  paid  my  mother  in  conse- 
quence to  my  Brothers  Letters  and  had  I  then 
thought  it  possible  for  the  estate  to  fall  so  short 
I  should  have  informed  you  at  the  same  time  that 
when  my  Younger  Brother  set  out  for  the  Indies 
Mr  Braddyll  laid  out  249^.  or  thereabouts  to  equip 
him  for  his  voyage  wch  is  not  yet  paid,  because  it 
was  designed  to  have  been  charged  upon  my 
Brother  at  Fort  Sk  George.  This  I  hope  will  be 
thought  reasonable  to  be  charged  as  a  Debt  upon  the 
estate.  If  it  be  thought  just  that  Mr  Jolleys  Legacy 
be  paid  first  I  will  rather  promote  than  oppose  it 
provided  that  he  receive  no  part  of  his  money  oef  ore 
the  1500  Pagodas  due  out  of  it  to  my  Younger 
Brother  be  well  and  truly  paid.  Which  I  must  in 
a  particular  manner  recommend  to  your  care  and 
management.  You  may  be  sure  next  to  my  own 
I  have  my  Sisters  concerns  most  at  heart  and  hope 
that  she  will  have  the  benefit  of  the  Legacy  that  is 
left  her.  Upon  the  whole  I  must  Desire  you  will 
put  an  end  to  this  perplexed  affair  as  soon  as  pos- 
sible and  give  you  all  the  power  that  lies  in  me  to 
accommodate  matters,  wch  I  question  not  will  be 
as  much  as  you  can  to  the  advantage  of 
Sir 

Your  most  obliged  and  most 
obedient  humble  Serv* 

My  Lord  Hallifax  J:  ADDISON. 

presents  you  his 
very  humble  Service. 

The  letters  were  probably  dictated  by 
Addison.  The  corrections  in  the  following 
letter  are  in  his  own  handwriting,  for  which 
reason  this  text  is  given  in  preference  to 
that  of  a  fair  copy  on  fos.  87/8.  The  words 
crossed  through  by  Addison  are  put  in 
brackets,  and  his  corrections  and  insertions 
are  printed  in  italics. 

Egerton  MS.  1972,  fos.  85-6. 

[No  date.] 

By  your  last  letters  from  India  I  have  received 
the  Malancholy  account  of  my  Brothers  affaires  in 
those  parts.  It  is  very  lucky  for  one  or  two  o1 
those  [infamous  persons]  honest  Gentlemen  whom 


my  Brother  left  as  his  Trustees  that  they  have 
uch  an  article  as  that  of  Pegu  to  throw  their  mis- 
managements upon.      I  am  very  much  surprized 
hat  an  account  of  that  affair  and  of  all  others  is 
tot  [sent  to*]  come  to  my  hands.     I  think  it  would 
lave  been  more  proper  for  Governour  Pitt  to  have 
applied  to  me  for  such  an  account  then  that  I  should 
lave  been  remitted  to  him.    I  might  at  least  have 
expected  a  duplicate  of  what  was  sent  him  on  that 
subject.    As  it  is  I  have  not  yet  been  with  him  for 
any  information  in  this  affair  nor  do  I  intend  it: 
so  that  all  the  knowledge  I  can  pick  up  of  that 
matter  comes  from  persons  returned  from  India. 
By  these  I  am  informed  that  instead  of  selling  the 
stock  at  Pegu  wch  would  have  brought  money  to 
;he  estate  there  was  such  an  unnecessary  number 
of  directors  subdirectors  Captains  Carpenters  &c, 
sent  [for]  to  fetch  it  home  wth  such  an  [unusual] 
xorbitant  pay  allotted  to  them  that  it  is  no  wonder 
hey  have  brought  that  part  of  the  estate  to  nothing. 
L  am  likewise  informed  that  one  Bugden  was  sent 
;o  withdraw  the  factory  which  my  Brother  was  so 
deeply  concerned  in  and  that  it  was  so  contrived 
:hat  a  kind  of  new  Company  stock  is  [grafted  on] 
erected  on  the  Ruines  of  my  Brothers  estate  :  if  so, 
[    do    not  wonder  that   Bugden  should    consider 
}he    advantage    of    this    new    stock    more    than 
}he    interest   of    my    Brothers    estate,    and    that 
most  of  the  Council  who  are  in  this  new  com- 
panys    stock   should    be    for  supporting     Bugden 
who  as  I  am  informed  has   done  their  business 
very  well  tho  [we]  1  have  not  much  to  thank  him 
for    They  tell  me  that  he  has  made  very  great  and 
unnecessary  expences  at  Pegu  and  what  [I  cannot 
believe*]  seems  to  me  incredible    Gave  the  King  a 
present  of  2000  Pagodas  to  be  reckoned  out  of  my 
Brothers  [estate]  effects.    Some  would  persuade  me 
that  about  2000  Pagodas  more  [are  reckoned  to  my 
Brothers  estate  tho  they  were  employed]  have  bin 
thrown  away  by  the   Trustees  in  I  do  not  know 
what  kind  of  adventure  [without  any  sufficient] 
tho  they  had  no  manner  of  power  or  Authority  for 
so  doing :  what  makes  me  fear  there  is  some  truth 
in  it  is  that  I  hear  [that]  when  800  Pagodas  of  this 
money  might  have  been  saved  by  [an  agreement] 
a  composition  with  the  French  Captors,  the  trustees 
let  slip  that  opportunity;  a  neglect  \vch  I  cannot 
Imagine  they  would  have  been  guilty  of  in  their 
own  affaires.      In  these  and  the  like  particulars 
there  is  no  Question  but  the  law  will  give  redress 
I  am  sure  it  is  not  for  the  honour  of  Fort  S'  George 
that  such  proceedings  should  pass  in  it  but  I  shall 
forbear  opening  on  that  subject  till  I  find  all  other 
means  of  doing  my  self  right  [prove]  ineffectual. 
Raworth  has  acted  [in  this  matter]  after  such  a 
manner  as  [woul]    [sic]    very   well    deserves    the 
Pillory  and  I  long  for  an  oppjrtunity  of  letting  him 
know  so  by  word  of  mouth    Mr  Benyon  is  the  only 
person  among  the  Trustees  who  has  done  the  part 
of  an  honest  man  in-  the  trust  committed  to  his  care 
by  his  deceased  friend. 
As  you  Sr  are  the  [only  person]  Gentleman  whom 


I  have  desired  to  act  in  my  place  and  whose  honour 
as  well  as  friendship  I  rely  upon  in  that  particular 
so  you  are  the  only  person  to  whom  I  have  sug- 


gested   my    thoughts    and    Intentions    upon    this 
matter  desiring  at  the  same  time  that  you  will 
exert  in  my  behalf  those  powers  wch  I  have  put  ml 
your  hands    had  I  received  any  full  account  of  this 


*  In  the  original,  but  presumably  crossed  through 
during  the  dictation  by  Addison. 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  s,  i9io.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


291 


matter  as  I  ought  to  have  done  I  should  have  taken 

more  council  [sic]  upon  it  how  to  have  proceeded 

in  it  immediately 

Endorsed  : — 

Coppys  of  Letters 
to  Indea 

Gulston  Addison's  estate  amounted  to 
pagodas  13577.  17  fa.  78  ca,  as  reported 
to  a  meeting  of  the  trustees,  &c.,  at  Fort 
St.  George,  30  June,  1716  (Egerton  MS. 
1972,  fo.  99b). 

Pagodas  238.  3.  60  were  disbursed  by 
Governor  Harrison  in  making  Gulston 
Addison's  tomb. 

:  Several  documents  are  in  duplicate,  the 
reason  being,  so  far  as  those  from  abroad 
are  concerned,  that  originals  and  copies 
were  sent  home  by  different  vessels.  From 
another  copy  of  Mary  Addisen's  will  (1971, 
fos.  7/8)  it  appears  that  the  two  signatures 
queried  on  p.  210  are  those  of  J.  Roach  and 
Richard  Phrip  or  Frip,  as  mentioned  by 
the  REV.  F.  PENNY  at  p.  256.  Both  names 
occur  in  the  church  registers  about  this 
period.  An  almost  verbatim  copy  of  Mary 
Addison's  letter  printed  on  p.  210  appears 
also  with  date  of  7  January,  1709[10]. 

A  certified  copy  of  Gulston  Addison's  will 
is  in  MS.  1972,  fos.  8/9  ;  it  was  enclosed 
in  a  letter  from  the  trustees,  dated  Madras, 
24  October,  1709.  R.  W.  B. 


JAMES  WEALE  (11  S.  ii.  169).—  James 
Weale,  whose  library  was  sold  in  1840,  was 
one  of  the  principal  clerks  in  the  office  of 
the  Commissioners  of  Woods,  Forests, 
Land  Revenues,  works,  and  Buildings.  I 
presume  that  it  was  his  work  in  connexion 
with  the  Irish  Land  Revenue  that  interested 
him  in  Irish  history,  and  led  to  his  collecting 
books  on  Ireland.  J.  F.  ROTTON. 


RICHARD  GEM  (11  S.  ii.  121,  172,  233).— 
:  beg  leave  to  express  my  thanks  in  your 
columns  to  MR.  COURTNEY  and  SIR  JOHN 
ROTTON  for  the  further  information  about 
Dr.  Gem,  physician  to  the  Embassy  at  the 
time  of  the  Revolution  in  Paris.  Also  I 
shall  be  grateful  to  your  readers  for  any 
further  details  about  my  ancestors.  We 
can  prove  by  the  undeniable  evidence  of  a 
tombstone  that  we  were  settled  in  Worces- 
tershire in  the  time  of  the  Stuarts  ;  but 
did  we  bring  our  name  from  Wales,  as  a 
casual  change  from  "  Gam,"'  or  from 
Flanders  or  Italy  ?  In  Berry's  *  Genea- 
logies *  a  brother  of  Aubrey,  a  personage  of 
importance  at  the  Court  of  Elizabeth,  is 


said  to  have  married  the  daughter  of 
"  Richard  ap  Gem."  In  Flanders  two 
physicians  appear  in  the  seventeenth 
century  under  the  name  of  "  Gemma,"  and 
occur  in  Dictionaries  of  Biography.  On 
the  other  hand,  there  have  been  Italian 
families  of  Geminiani,Gemelli,  and  "gemma.n 
So  peculiar  a  name  cannot  be  of  English 
origin.  S.  HARVEY  GEM. 

2,  Keble  Road,  Oxford. 

R.  CHURCHE,  c.  1600  (11  S.  ii.  249).— 
The  translator  of  Martin  Fumee's  '  The 
Historie  of  the  Troubles  of  Hungarie  '  was 
Rocke  Churche,  or,  as  sometimes  written, 
Rooke  Church.  He  was  the  only  son  of 
John  Church  by  his  wife  Margaret,  eldest 
daughter  of  Rooke  or  Rocke  Greene  of  Little 
Sampford,  Essex.  This  John  Church  was 
the  elder  son  of  John  Church,  Bailiff  of 
Maldon,  Essex,  by  his  first  wife  Joan 
Henkyn. 

Rocke  Church  was  born  5  April,  1563,  and 
died  in  1613.  His  nuncupative  will  is 
registered,  P.C.C.,  31  Capell.  He  had  one 
son,  Percy  Church,  the  Royalist. 

L.  L.  K.  will  find  the  pedigree  of  this 
family  of  Church  in  two  papers  printed  in 
The  Genealogist,  N.S.,  vol.  xiii. 

ARTHUR  H.  CHURCH. 
Shelsley,  Kew  Gardens. 

JOHN  RYLANDS  LIBRARY  :  DANTE  CODEX 
(ll  S.  ii.  46,  172). — Let  me  correct  an  un- 
fortunate, though  easily  observable,  error 
in  my  communication  at  the  latter  reference. 
In  1.  18,  col.  1,  p.  173,  1626  should  read,  of 
course,  1426.  That  I  failed  to  notice  so 
glaring  a  slip  when  correcting  the  proof  can 
only  be  accounted  for  by  the  fact  that  the 
revision  was  made  hurriedly  during  vacation. 

J.  B.  McGovERN. 
St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

"  SMOUCH,"  A  TERM  FOR  A  JEW  (11  S.  ii- 
225). — I  do  not  think  that  "  smouch  "  as  a 
contemptuous  term  for  a  Jew  is  connected 
with  der  Schmus,  Yiddish  for  talk,  and 
schmusen,  to  talk  (that  it  is  used  in  the  sense 
of  to  haggle,  to  chaffer,  I  have  never  heard, 
and  I  doubt  it).  Probably  "  smouch  "  is 
our  corresponding  nickname  maiischel,  of 
which  an  older  form  is  Mausche,  Mosche, 
and  this  is  nothing  but  the  Yiddish  pronun- 
ciation of  Moses.  A  derivative  is  the 
verb  mauscheln,  to  speak  with  a  Jewish 
accent.  The  addition  of  s  to  the  Yiddish 
word  may  be  accounted  for  in  various  ways. 

G.  KRUEGER. 
Berlin. 


292 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  s,  1910. 


Though  I  agree  with  MB.  MAYHEW  that 
"  smouch "  or  "  smous  n  is  of  Hebrew 
origin,  and  identical  with  the  German 
Schmus,  I  must  differ  from  him  when  he 
considers  "  smous  ll  "  evidently  due  to  the 
German  Schmus.1*  I  am  inclined  to  think 
that  it  found  its  way  into  English  from  the 
Netherlands,  where  Smous,  spelt  and  pro- 
nounced like  the  Suffolk  word,  is  still  a  very 
common  nickname  for  a  Jew.  I  have  never 
come  across  it  as  a  proper  name.  The  word 
is  also  very  common  in  the  compound 
smoushond,  i.e.,  a  kind  of  dog  (kept  by  Jewish 
butchers  ?). 

I  have  also  seen  the  English  word  spelt 
"  smoutch "  and  "  smouse.n  In  East 
Frisian  the  word  is  smaus.  J.  F.  BENSE. 

Arnhem. 

MB.  MAYHEW  is  correct  in  his  derivation  ; 
but  I  differ  in  respect  of  the  application. 
"  Schmoosing,?J  as  a  Yiddish  expression, 
means  "  gossip  ing, "  and  of  a  kind  which 
is  a  trifle  spicy  or  scandalous.  Jews  natur- 
ally, with  their  thousands  of  years  of  social 
life,  have  accumulated  a  special  literature 
of  the  kind,  unwritten,  and  merely  existing 
in  the  memories  of  certain  brilliant  raconteurs 
of  these  "  tales n  or  "  schmusen."  MB. 
MAYHEW  has  therefore  more  warranty  in 
tracing  its  root  to  Hebrew  than  to  German 
sources.  "  Smouch  "  would  be  a  travelling 
"  yarner  "—in  two  senses. 

M.  L.  R.  BBESLAB. 

Hotten's  '  Slang  Dictionary  a  has  "Mouchy, 
a  Jew."  Is  this  an  attrite  form  of  the  term  ? 
Across  the  Atlantic  "  to  smouch "  is  to 
crib  or  to  get  by  stealth.  "  To  mooch  "  is 
glossed  by  Hotten  as  to  sponge,  and  "  mooch- 
ing," or  "on  the  mooch,"  as  being  "  on  the 
look-out  for  any  articles  or  circumstances 
which  may  be  turned  to  a  profitable  account; 
watching  in  the  streets  for  odd  jobs,  horses 
to  hold,  &c.  ;  also,  scraps  of  food,  old  clothes, 
&c."  Christian  amenity  would  not  hesitate 
to  use  this  material  for  naming  a  Jew. 
Information  under  "moochJS  and  "moocher" 
is  naturally  found  in  the  *  H.E.D.*  Bailey 
gives  "  To  Mouch,  to  eat  up,  O.J'— the  O. 
indicating  that  it  is  an  old  word. 

"  Miss  Mowcher's  "  name  ('  David  Copper- 
field ' )  occurs  to  me  in  connexion  with  MB. 
MAYHEW'S  inquiry.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

It  occurs  to  me  that  there  may  be  some 
relationship  between  "  smouch,"  as  used 
in  '  Ingoldsby,1  and  the  slang  verb  "  to 
smouch,'*  meaning  to  pilfer,  to  steal.  Mark 
Twain  has  several  instances  of  this  in 
*  Huckleberry  Finn,'  e.g.,  chap.  xxxv. 


"  So  I  '11  mosey  along  and  smouch  a  couple 
of  case-knives.'1  LIONEL  MONCKTON. 

69,  Russell  Square,  W.C. 

Of  the  etymology  of  "  smouch "  or 
"  smous n  I  know  nothing ;  but  I  can 
vouch  for  the  fact  that  for  many  years  past 
in  South  Africa  the  itinerant  pedlar  (almost 
invariably  a  Polish  Jew)  has  been  known  as 
a  "  smaus. "  He  used  to  wander  for 
hundreds  of  miles  afoot  (before  the  advent 
of  railways)  from  one  Boer  farm-house  to 
another,  vending  women's  wearing  apparel 
and  an  Autolycus  collection  of  oddments. 
Whether  he  survives  to  this  day  I  know  not. 

In  connexion  with  this  it  is  curious  to 
note  that  these  long-haired,  caftan-garbed 
Polish  Jews  were  popularly  known,  in  the 
Cape  Colony  and  the  Transvaal,  as  "  Peru- 
vians"— not  because  they  had  any  connexion 
with  South  America,  but  for  the  reason  that 
(so  it  was  alleged)  an  old  name  for  Poland 
was  Peruvia.  Is  there  any  solid  foundation 
for  this  ?  FBANK  SCHLOESSEB. 

Kew  Green. 

KIPLING  AND  THE  SWASTIKA  (11  S.  ii. 
188,  239). — A  description  of  the  symbolism 
of  the  svastika  is  given  by  Sir  George  Bird- 
wood  in  the  preface  to  the  second  reprint 
of  his  '  Report  on  the  Old  Records  of  the 
India  Office,'  London,  1891.  On  the  first 
fly-leaf  of  the  book  is  printed  in  dominical 
red  the  "right-hand  svastika,"  the  symbol 
of  Ganisa,  of  the  male  principle  in  nature, 
of  the  sun,  and  of  life  ;  and  on  the  last  leaf 
is  printed  in  nadder  blue  the  "  left-handed 
svastika,  or  sauvastika,n  the  symbol  of  Kali, 
of  the  female  principle  in  nature,  of  darkness, 
and  of  death.  Sir  George  also  states  that 
the  right-hand  svastika  is  commonly  placed 
by  modern  Hindus  at  the  head  of  invoices 
and  other  papers.  J.  TAVENOB-PEBBY. 

5,  Burlington  Gardens,  Chiswick. 

If  we  may  assume  that  Mr.  Kipling  him- 
self designed  the  stamp  on  the  cover  of  his 
books  and  the  device  which  faces  their 
title-pages,  it  is  yet  possible  that  the  latte 
may  represent  his  preference  as  regards  the 
form  of  the  swastika.  In  the  'Just  So 
Stories  *  the  picture  of  Pau  Amma  the  Cral 
running  away  contains  a  left-handed  swas- 
tika, and  this  was  drawn  by  Mr.  Kipling. 
Two  out  of  the  three  swastikas,  therefore,  are 
left-handed.  L.  R.  M.  STBACHAN. 

Heidelberg. 

Sven  Hedin,  in  'Trans-Himalaya,'  vol.  i. 
p.  404  (Macmillan,  1909),  states  that  the 
left-hand  swastika  indicates  a  connexion 
with  the  Pembo  sect,  while  the  right-hand 


n  s.  IL  OCT.  s,  i9io.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


293 


swastika  is  a  mark  of  ' '  the  orthodox  yellow 
caps."  Elsewhere  he  states  that  the  Lamas 
of  the  Pembo  sect  make  their  perambulations 
anti-clockwise,  thus  following  the  direction 
of  the  arms  in  this  form  of  the  swastika. 

C.  W.  F. 

This  Indian  emblem  was  employed  in  a 
very  attractive  form  upon  a  card  of  greeting 
which  I  received  last  New  Year's  Day. 
It  is  thus  interpreted  thereon  : — 

Legend. 

May  the  four  winds  from  the  four  corners  of  the 
earth  always  gently  and  sweetly  upon  you  blow. 

Beneath  was  this  additional  explanatory 
note  : — 

The  swastika  is  the  oldest  and  most  widely 
recognised  talisman  of  good  luck  in  the  world. 


Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 


CEOIL  CLARKE. 


I  am  reminded  that  among  very  super- 
stitious Jews  hailing  from  Eastern  lands 
the  practice  is  still  current  of  suspending 
"  a  camire 5?  round  the  throats  of  their 
offspring  as  amulets  against  "  the  evil  eye." 
A  silver  coin — say,  a  worn  sixpence — is 
sawn  through  to  the  shape  of  the  fifth  letter 
of  the  Hebrew  alphabet,  denoting  "  under 
God's  protection."  When  a  child  is  specially 
favoured  in  looks,  friends  will  jokingly  say, 
"  He  ought  to  wear  a  camire."  My  father 
used  to  drive  a  big  trade  in  such  things 
forty  years  ago.  M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

IRISH  SUPERSTITION  :  BOYS  IN  PETTI- 
COATS AND  FAIRIES  (11  S.  ii.  65,  137).— 
I  am  much  obliged  to  D.  K.  T.  and  YGREC 
for  their  replies.  The  latter's  reference  to 
Clodd's  '  Tom-Tit-Tot l  enables  me  to  note 
the  existence  of  the  superstition  in  Achill 
Island,  with  the  interesting  variant  that  a 
devil  takes  the  place  of  the  Connemara 
fairies  : — 

"  To  this  day  [1898J,  the  peasants  of  Achill  Island 
(on  the  north-west  coast  of  Ireland)  dress  their  boys 
as  girls  till  they  are  about  fourteen  years  old  to 
deceive  the  boy-seeking  devil."— P.  131. 

But  when  Clodd  cites  Achilles  as  a  case  in 
'point,  he  is  surely  guilty  of  confusion,  the 
purpose  of  the  fabled  disguise  of  Achilles 
being  to  keep  him  from  the  dangers  of  war. 
Perhaps  such  cases  have  actually  occurred, 
as  I  have  read  that  in  Russia  there  is  a  law 
directed  against  the  concealment  of  a  boy's 
sex  in  order  to  avoid  military  service. 

Apparently  there  is  no  clear  trace  of  the 
superstition  in  England.  Probably  D.  K.  T.  's 
Brighton  playmate,  who  was  kept  in  petti- 
coats until  the  age  of  twelve,  owed  this 
experience  to  some  other  cause.  I  have 


been  told  of  a  much  more  recent  case  in  the 
same  town,  in  which  two  brothers  were 
dressed  as  girls  until  the  ages  of  ten  and  eight 
respectively,  but  the  reason  alleged  wa& 
simply  the  mother's  disappointment  at  not 
having  girls.  G.  H.  WHITE. 

Lowestoft. 

'ARNO  MISCELLANY,*  1784  (11  S.  ii. 
148,  234). — MR.  SCOTT  confuses  two  Bertie 
Greatheads,  father  and  son.  See  '  D.N.B.' 
under  '  Greatheed,  Bertie.'  It  was  the 
father,  Bertie  Greatheed,  or  Greathead,  of 
Guy's  Cliff e,  near  Warwick,  who  belonged 
to  "  Gli  Oziosi,"  and  contributed  both  to 
the  '  .Arno  Miscellany  '  and  the  '  Florence 
Miscellany.'  Born  in  1759,  he  died  16  Janu- 
ary, 1826.  Besides  the  references  in  '  D.N.B.' 
see  the  catalogue  of  Dr.  Samuel  Parr's  library. 
There  is  a  good  note  on  the  Delia  Cruscans 
in  Murray's  latest  edition  of  Byron's  works. 
See  also  Miss  Berry's  Journal.  "What 
jolly  souls,  as  you  truly  say,"  she  wrote  on 
1  September,  1574,  "  are  the  Greatheads  ! ?z 
On  21  August,  1807,  Mr.  Greatheed  read  to 
her  his  translation  in  verse  of  Boccaccio's 
'  Lisabetta  and  her  Brothers.'  Bertie  Great- 
heed,  the  younger,  died  at  Vicenza,  Italy,  on 
8  October,  1804,  aged  23.  He  went  to 
France  during  the  peace  to  pursue  his 
artistic  studies  ;  and,  when  other  English- 
men were  made  prisoners,  he  was  allowed 
to  retire  to  Italy,  where  he  died  of  a  fever. 
STEPHEN  WHEELER. 
Oriental  Club,  Hanover  Square. 

VANISHING  LONDON  :  PROPRIETARY 
CHAPELS  (11  S.  ii.  202,  254).— BRUTUS,  of 
course,  is  right  ;  yet  something  has  vanished. 
The  old  chapel  where  his  grandfather  was 
buried  was,  indeed,  rebuilt  for  the  Rev.  John 
Wilson,  D.D.,  but  had  previously  been 
famous,  and  celebrated  in  comic  verse  for 
its  unfortunate  situation.  Like  the  great 
door  of  Westminster  Hall,  the  chapel  was 
long  flanked  by  an  immediately  adjoining 
ale-house  on  either  side.  D. 

BRUTUS  cannot  recently  have  paid  a  visit 
to  the  neighbourhood  of  Albert  Gate.  I  was 
well  acquainted  with  Holy  Trinity  Church, 
Knight sbridge,  and  was  a  constant  attend- 
ant there  in  the  late  sixties  and  early 
seventies,  during  the  incumbency  of  the  late 
Dr.  John  Wilson,  who  is  mentioned  by  your 
correspondent,  and  who  was,  by  the  by, 
one  of  the  best  preachers  I  ever  heard.  The 
church  stood  between,  and  joining,  two 
public-houses ;  but  certainly  neither  the 
church  nor  the  public -houses  are  there  now. 


294 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [n  s.  n.  OCT.  s,  1910. 


They  were  all  pulled  down  some  years  ago. 
The  church  was  built  with  the  altar  towards 
the  North.  This,  I  believe,  is  very  un- 
common in  Anglican  churches,  though  I 
believe  Roman  Catholic  churches,  both  here 
and  on  the  Continent,  are  often  unorientated. 

J.  FOSTER  PALMER. 
.8,  Royal  Avenue,  S.W. 

The  Daily  Telegraph  was  quite  right  in 
stating  that  "Trinity  Chapel  was  pulled 
down  within  the  memory  of  all  of  us,n  for 
although  the  French  Embassy  does  not 
occupy  the  actual  site  of  Trinity  Chapel, 
Knightsbridge,  the  chapel  has  been  pulled 
down.  When  the  Embassy  was  enlarged 
in  1898,  the  building  was  separated  from  the 
•chapel  by  a  narrow  alley,  and  its  wall  had 
to  be  built  with  white  materials,  so  as  not 
to  darken  the  little  chapel,  the  windows  of 
which  opened  on  the  alley.  The  chapel  was 
pulled  down  in  1904,  and  flats  erected  on  its 
site.  No  fresh  chapel,  so  far  as  I  can  learn, 
has  been  erected  near  it  since.  I  am  still 
seeking  further  information. 

In  reference  to  MR.  CECIL  CLARKE'S  query 
as  to  Grosvenor  Chapel,  the  Rev.  Ewart 
Barter  courteously  informs  me  that 

"for  the  last  ten  or  eleven  years  Grosvenor  Chapel 
has  been  (by  Act  of  Parliament  then  passed)  a  chapel 
of  ease  of  St.  George's,  Hanover  Square.  Before 
that  time  it  occupied  an  anomalous  position.  It 
was  not  a  Proprietary  Chapel,  for  though  it  had 
been  originally  built  by  a  Grosvenor,  an  ancestor 
of  the  present  Duke  of  Westminster,  the  office  of 
Incumbent  was  in  the  gift  of  the  Rector  of 
St.  George's,  Hanover  Square." 

JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 

DICTIONARY  OF  MYTHOLOGY  (US.  ii.  167, 
255). — Perhap  Seyffert's  '  Dictionary  of 
Classical  Antiquities,'  published  by  Sonnen- 
schein,  and  claiming  to  be  up  to  date  in 
point  of  recent  research,  might  prove  useful. 
In  case  Seyffert  is  unsuitable,  Roscher's 
'  Lexikon,'  published  at  Leipsic,  would 
probably  be  the  best.  W.  S.  S. 

H.M.S.  AVENGER  (11  S.  ii.  130,  239).— 
The  Naval  and  Military  Gazette,  No.  785,  of 
22  January,  1848,  gives  a  list  of  the  officers 
on  board  the  Avenger  when  she  sailed 
from  Gibraltar  (misprinted  "  Malta  ").  The 
lieutenants  mentioned  are  Hugh  Mallett 
Kinsman,  Frederick  Marryat,  and  Francis 
Rooke ;  midshipmen,  J.  Heywood  and 
Charles  Bere  ;  naval  cadets,  J.  B.  Hey- 
wood and  W.  J.  S.  M.  Molyneux. 

Later  it  mentions  that  there  was  only  one 
officer  called  Heywood,  and  that  "  Malta  " 
should  be  read  Gibraltar. 


Lieut.  Rooke  was  the  only  one  of  the 
above  officers  saved.  Full  accounts  of  the 
wreck  may  be  seen  in  Nos.  783,  784,  785, 
January,  1848,  of  the  above  Gazette  in  the 
Newspaper  Room  of  the  British  Museum. 
W.  H.-S.,  Commander,  R.N. 

I  believe  one  of  the  lieutenants  drowned 

in  the  Avenger  was  the  only  son  of  Capt. 

Marryat    the    novelist.     I    have    read    this 

somewhere,  but  cannot  now  remember  where. 

J.  A.  GREENWOOD. 

WrORDSWORTH  :    VARIANT  READINGS  (11  S 

ii.  222). — It  should  be  noted  that  the  sonnet 
on  the  '  Voyage  down  the  Rhine  '-  is  not 
included  in  '  The  Complete  Poetical  Works 
of  William  Wordsworth,'  with  a  stately  and 
impressive  Introduction  by  Viscount  Mor ley, 
which  Messrs.  Macmillan  published  .m  1 
Probably  the  issue  of  this  excellent  working 
copy  of  the  poet  was  sufficiently  remote 
to  guard  it  from  the  charge  brought  against 
"  recent  editions,"  and  yet  to  all  intents  and 
purposes  it  belongs  to  the  present  time. 
Like  many  other  editions,  it  omits  the 
inscription  for  the  Grasmere  moss-hut, 
beginning  "  No  whimsy  of  the  purse  is  here'  ; 
but  its  plan  is  sufficiently  comprehensive  t 
warrant  its  title,  and  its  chronologically 
arranged  contents,  bibliography,  indexes, 
and  so  forth,  are  all  thoroughly  commend- 
able features.  A  numbering  of  the  lines 
would  have  been  useful,  but  this  may  come. 
In  the  fairly  exhaustive  table  of  contents 
we  find  it  duly  stated  that  the  sonnet 
"  Down  a  swift  Stream  "  was  composed 
1821,  and  first  published  in  1827. 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

It  is  perhaps  worth  noting  that  in  Moxon's 
six -volume  edition  of  Wordsworth  (1837) 
the  sonnet 

Down  a  swift  Stream,  thus  far,  a  bold  design, 
occurs  as  No.  X.  in  the  third  part  of  the 
'  Ecclesiastical   Sonnets,'    and    that  its  3 
line  there  reads 

Features  that  else  had  vanished  like  a  dream. 
In    other    respects    it    corresponds    exact! 
with  the  later  version  quoted  by  MR.  LAIS 
COOPER,    except   that   in   line   8    "the  < 
athwart  "  is  retained,  as  in  the  1822  sonne 

The  confidence  of  Youth  our  only  Art, 
whereas  in  the  final  version    "his"   take 
the  place  of  "  the." 

The   transposition   of   the   sonnet   in  t 
series  is,   I  suppose,  due  to  historical 
siderations.     The  one  on  '  Walton's  Book  ol 
Lives,'  originally  No.  XI.,  is  now  JNo.   > 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  s,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


295 


that  on  Sacheverel,  originally  No.  XII.,  is 
now  No.  XI.  Then  comes  the  sonnet  under 
discussion,  and  the  alteration  of  the  last 
line  may  be  at  least  partly  due  to  the  fact 
that  it  now  immediately  precedes  the  three 
on  '  Aspects  of  Christianity  in  America.* 
The  "  interest  of  our  theme  '*  here  spreads 
geographically,  as  well  as  in  other  respects. 
These  sonnets  were  not  included  in  the 
earlier  editions.  C.  C.  B. 

FRANK  NICHOLLS,  1699-1778  (11  S.  ii. 
190). — Dr.  Watkins  in  his  '  Biographical 
Dictionary,'  relying  on  the  authority  of  the 
'General  Biographical  Dictionary,'  and 
Gorton's  '  Biographical  Dictionary,'  basing 
its  account  on  the  '  Life  of  Nicholls  '  by  Dr. 
Lawrence,  agree  in  representing  Nicholls 
as  educated  at  Westminster  School.  Perhaps 
Lawrence's  '  Life  l  may  tell  who  Nicholls's 
mother  was.  W.  SCOTT. 

FRANCIS  PECK  (US.  ii.  68,  136,  175). — 
He  was  B.A.  of  Pembroke  Hall,  Camb. 
Ordained  to  curacy  of  Folkestone,  1672. 
In  the  following  year  Archbishop  Sheldon 
gave  him  Eastbridge,  which  he  held  with 
Saltwood  until  his  death.  He  was  collated  to 
Hythe,  5  May,  1674,  on  the  death  of  Thomas 
Carter.  R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

Sandgate. 

SIR  EYRE  COOTE'S  MONUMENT  (11  S.  ii. 
227). — A  fine  monument  to  this  distinguished 
English  general  was  executed  by  Banks, 
and  erected  by  the  East  India  Company  in 
the  west  aisle  of  Westminster  Abbey.  He 
died,  I  think,  in  1783,  not  in  1785. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

In  a  MS.  history  of  the  Coote  family  in 
my  possession  it  is  stated  that  the  Directors 
of  the  H.E.I.C.  erected  a  fine  monument 
to  his  memory  in  Westminster  Abbey.  His 
.death  must  have  occurred  in  1784,  as 
Faulkner's  Journal  and  '  The  Annual  Regis- 
ter '  record  his  burial  at  Rockwood  Church 
in  Hampshire  on  2  September  of  that  year. 
H.  J.  B.  CLEMENTS. 

Killadoon,  Celbridge. 

Sir  Eyre  Coote  died  at  Madras  in  1783. 
His  body  was  brought  home  and  interred  in 
the  parish  church  of  Rockwood,  Hampshire. 
A  monument  to  his  memory,  the  work  of 
Thomas  Banks,  R.A.,  was  raised  in  West- 
minster Abbey.  Presumably,  this  is  the 
monument  inquired  after.  The  inscription 
-r.-ites  that  it  is  raised  "To  the  memory  of 
Sir  Eyre  Coote,  K.B.,  Commander-in-Chief 
of  the  British  Forces  in  India,  who,  in  1760 
•and  1761,  expelled  the  French  from  the 


coast  of  Coromandel."  The  date  of  death 
is  given  as  1783,  with  which  the  statement 
in  the  '  D.N.B.'  agrees.  W.  S.  S. 

[The  'D.N.B.'  says:   "He  died,  two  days  after 

reaching  Madras,  on  26  April  1783 Coote's  body 

was  brought  back  from  India,  and  landed  at 
Plymouth  with  great  pomp  on  2  Sept.  ;  it  was 
interred  at  Rockburne  Church  in  Hampshire,  close 
to  his  estate  of  West  Park,  where  the  East  India 
Company  erected  a  monument  over  it  with  an 
epitaph  by  Mr.  Henry  Bankes,  M.P.] 

BOOK-COVERS  :  "  YELLOW-BACKS  "  (11  S. 
ii.  189,  237,  274).— I  possess  a  "yellow- 
back" edition  of  'The  Pic-Nic  Papers/ 
edited  by  Charles  Dickens.  The  work 
first  appeared  in  1841  in  three  volumes,  for 
the  benefit  of  the  widow  of  Charles  Dickens' s 
first  published  Macrone.  In  the  inside  of 
the  covers  several  two -shilling  editions  of 
popular  novels  are  advertised  as  "just 
published  " — for  instance,  '  The  Widow 
Married '  by  Mrs.  Trollope,  which  first 
appeared  in  1840.  Novels  almost  in- 
variably went  into  cheap  editions  in  about 
two  years,  so  that  my  impression  is  that 
"  yellow-backs  "  are  as  old  as  the  late  forties 
or  early  fifties.  "  Yellow-backs  "  were  cer- 
tainly known  in  Paris  in  the  fifties. 

S.  J.  A.  F. 

FRANCIS  THOMPSON  THE  POET  (11  S.  ii. 
208). — For  "  Liverpool  "read  Preston  ;  there 
is  no  Winckley  Square  in  Liverpool,  so  the 
error  is  doubtless  a  slip.  Thompson  was 
born  at  7,  Winckley  Street,  Preston,  and  his 
parents  moved  into  the  adjoining  Square  in 
his  infancy.  The  tablet  has  been  placed, 
correctly,  on  the  house  in  Winckley  Street, 
not  in  the  Square.  SYLVIOLA. 

[MR.  T.  WHITE  also  points  out  the  mistake.] 

PECK  AND  BECKFORD  FULLER  (11  S.  i. 
488  ;  ii.  236).— John  Fuller  of  Brightling, 
Sussex,  m.  in  1703  Eliz.,  first  dau.  and  coh. 
of  Fulke  Rose,  Esq.,  of  Jamaica,  and  had 
nine  sons.  She  d.  in  1727  (Berry's  '  Sussex 
Genealogies,'  278,  and  Faculty  Licences). 
Rose  Fuller,  their  second  son,  was  a  member 
of  Council  of  Jamaica,  where  his  wife 
Ithamar  d.  22  April,  1738,  aged  17  (Archer's 
'  M.I.,'  44).  Henry  Fuller,  s.  of  Tho.  of 
Jamaica,  Esq.,  matriculated  from  Queen's 
Coll.,  Ox.,  22  Ap.,  1743,  aged  18,  of  Line. 
Inn  1745  (Foster).  Peck  and  Beckford 
may  have  been  Henry's  younger  brothers. 
Richard  Beckford  of  Jamaica  in  his  will  of 
1755  directed  that  his  sugar  was  to  be 
shipped  to  Messrs.  Tho.  &  Stephen  Fuller, 
who  were  younger  sons  of  the  above-men- 
tioned John.  In  1789  the  firm  was  Stephen 


296 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         (n  s.  n.  OCT.  s,  1910. 


&  Rose  Fuller,  of  4,  Church  Court,  Clements 
Lane,  Lombard  St.  (Kent's  Directory). 
The  former  was  sometime  Agent  for  Jamaica. 
There  is  no  proof  that  Col.  Tho.  Fuller,  the 
first  settler,  was  related  to  the  above. 

V.  L.  OLIVER. 

THEOPHILUS  FEILD  (11  S.  ii.  190,  236).— 
See  a  pedigree  of  his  family  in  my  '  History 
of  Antigua,'  i.  251  and  iii.  423. 

V.  L.  OLIVER. 

FRANCIS  FAILLTEAU  (11  S.  i.  488).  —  He 
may  have  been  a  son  of  Lewis  Feuilleteau, 
a  wealthy  planter  of  the  island  of  St.  Kitts, 
who  d.  about  1775,  leaving  an  only  surviving 
s.  and  h.  William.  The  name  is  evidently 
French,  and  probably  Huguenot. 

V.  L.  OLIVER. 

Sunninghill,  Berks. 

"  GAME  LEG  "•  (11  S.  ii.  229).—  In  the  first 
of  two  lectures,  by  the  Rev.  William  Gaskell, 
M.A.,  on  the  Lancashire  dialect,  which  are 
appended  to  the  fifth  edition  of  his  wife's 
'  Mary  Barton  :  a  Tale  of  Manchester  Life,' 
there  appear  the  following  notes  :  — 

"  When  I  was  a  lad,  an  old  cobbler  who  mendec 
ray  shoes  used  constantly  to  charge  me  with  what 
he  called  a  sad  trick  of  'camming'  them,  whicl 
meant  wearing  them  out  of  shape,  either  at  the  hee 
or  at  the  side.       In   Tim  Boobin  we  lind  Mary 
saying,  '  Good  lorjus  deys  !     It  's  not  to  tell  how 
camm'd  things  con  happen.'    It  is  an  epithet,  too 
which  is  often  applied  to  a  temper  that  is  not  quite 
so  even  and  straight  as  it  should  be,  as  '  Eh  !  hoo  ' 
in  a  terrible  camm'd  humour  to-day  !  '    In  Shake 
speare's  '  Coriolanus  '  Sicinius  says,  '  This  is  clean 
kam  '  :  to  which  Brutus  answers    '  merely  awry  '  — 
exactly  the  meaning  of  the  Lancashire  word.     In 
Skelton,  a  poet  who  lived  early  in  the  reign  o 
Henry  VIII.  and  who  was  tutor  to  that  monarch 
we  meet  with  the  word  '  cammock  '  twice,  and  it  i 
supposed  to  mean  *  a  crooked  stick  or  tree,  or  beam  " 
The  passages  are  these  :  — 

Your  long  lothy  legges 
Crooked  as  a  camoke. 

And  in  reference  to  Wolsey,  whom  this  poet  ha( 
the  boldness  to  assail,  or,  in  his  own  words,  '  bar 
at  the  butcher's  dog,'  he  says  :  — 

All  that  he  doth  is  ryght  — 

As  ryght  as  a  cammocke  croked. 


pplied  in  a  similar  way  since.  This  word  '  cam,' 
ben,  is  a  genuine  Celtic  word,  and  I  see  no  reason 
why  we  should  not  receive  it  as  one  that  has  kept 
;s  ground  in  this  locality  from  the  time  of  the  true 
Sri  tons." 

W.  FLEMING. 

Amongst    workmen    of    every    class,    the- 
erm    "  game "    for    disabled    is    common, 
;hough  the  usual  expression  is  "  gammy  '* 
or    "  gamey."'     It   is   equally   applied   to   a 
natural  lameness  and  a  temporary  disable- 
ment owing  to  an  accident.     I  have  thought 
;hat  the  term  came  from  sport,  where  game* 
f  not  killed  outright,  was  crippled,  and  an 
njured  man  would  be  called  "gamey"  or 
gammy."  A.  RHODES. 

[Ms.  A.  L.  MAYHEW'S  reply  next  week.] 

ISLINGTON  HISTORIANS  (11  S.  ii.  187, 
239,  250). — I  regret  that  my  query  was  so 
worded  as  to  lead  MAJOR  YARROW  BALDOCK 
to  suppose  the  '  D.N.B.'  was  an  unfamiliar 
source  of  information.  Unfortunately,  also, 
tie  has  too  much  confidence  in  the  infalli- 
bility of  that  work.  I  have  long  made  a 
special  study  of  Islington  biographies,  and 
hope  to  contribute  one  day  some  corrections 
of  the  '  D.N.B.' 

MAJOR  BALDOCK  has  also  made  the  com- 
mon mistakfe  of  confusing  John  Nichols,  the 
printer -antiquary,  with  John  Nicholl,  the 
historian  of  the  Ironmongers'  Company. 
As  the  former  died  in  1826,  it  is  obviously 
the  latter  whom  Lewis — writing  after  1840 
— thanks  for  heraldic  drawings. 

I  am  writing  this  far  from  my  own  or  any 
other  library,  or  I  would  deal  with  other 
points  in  MAJOR  BALDOCK'S  intended  cor- 


"In  the  Greek  we  have  Ka/iTrrw,  to  bend,  and  in 
Latin  camera,  a  vaulted  or  arched  chamber.  The 
idea  throughout  is  that  of  crookedness.  In  many 
cases  in  Welsh,  following  a  rule  of  the  language, 
*  cam  '  becomes  '  gam.'  Thus  '  go-gam  '  is  somewhat 
crooked  ;  '  pen-gam,'  wry-headed  ;  '  min-gam,'  wry- 
mouthed,  &c.  I  remember  that  a  poor  schoolfellow 
of  mine,  who  had  a  bent  leg  which  obliged  him  to 
use  a  crutch,  was  commonly  said  to  have  a  'gam' 
leg.  I  fancied  that  this  was  because  it  was  made 
'  game  '  of,  but  the  reason  evidently  was  because 
it  was  bent.  I  have  occasionally  heard  the  term 


rection  of  the  corrector. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

In  the  present  inchoate  condition  of 
London  bibliography  it  is  extremely  difficult 
to  know  where  to  look  for  information  on 
any  specified  subject.  The  following  notes 
may  therefore,  perhaps,  be  useful. 

John  Nelson's  '  History  of  Islington '  was 
first  published  in  1 8 1 1 .  The  book  went  into 
a  second  edition  in  1823.  Lewis's  '  History  | 
appeared  in  1842. 

Later  historians  of  Islington  may  possibly 
refer    to    the    work    of    their    predecessc 
Of  these  may  be  mentioned  Thomas  Coull  i 
'History     and     Traditions     of     Islington, 
published   in    1861,    and   William   Howit 
'  Northern  Heights  of  London  '   (contaimnj 
historical  associations  of  Islington),    issued 
in  1869.  W.  S.  S. 


ii  s.  IL  OCT.  s,  1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


297 


H.  A.  MAJOR  (11  S.  ii.  129,  255).— A 
biography  of  him  will  be  found  in  Diprose's 
*  Account  of  the  Parish  of  St.  Clement  Danes,' 
ii.  65-6,  from  which  it  appears  that  he  was 
born  in  Bell  Yard,  Strand.  After  being 
errand  boy,  newspaper  boy,  and  iron- 
monger's assistant,  he  was  engaged  by  Mr. 
J.  B.  Chamberlain,  picture-dealer,  of  203, 
High  Holborn.  He  left  that  employment 
to  enter  the  London  District  Post  Office, 
upon  the  recommendation  of  Thomas  Noon 
Talfourd,  and  was  at  once  installed  letter- 
carrier  in  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  a  post  he 
held  for  a  quarter  of  a  century.  He  was 
artist,  actor,  and  musician  as  well  as  post- 
man. In  1853  Dr.  Erasmus  Wilson  sent 
him  for  eight  months  to  study  in  an  evening 
school  of  fine  art  in  Newman  Street,  Oxford 
Street.  In  1864  he  took  his  first  prize  for  a 
painting  of  fruit,  and  in  1865  a  picture  of 
grapes  and  butterflies  was  exhibited  at  the 
Floral  Hall.  One  of  the  same  class,  valued 
at  50Z.,  he  presented  to  King's  College 
Hospital.  A  violinist  of  ability,  he  was  in 
request  at  concerts.  As  an  actor  he  played 
.for  six  months  at  the  Strand  Theatre  the 
part  of  Doggrass  in  Francis  Talfourd 's 
pantomime  of  '  Black-eyed  Susan.2  Shortly 
afterwards  he  wrote  his  first  farce,  '  A  Cure 
for  the  Gout.*  Altogether  he  was  the  author 
of  about  sixteen  dramatic  pieces,  nearly  all 
produced  successfully,  but  very  few  were 
published.  A.  RHODES. 

LIMERICK  GLOVE  IN  A  WALNUT  SHELL 
(11  S.  ii.  249). — At  one  time  gloves  were  made 
in  Ireland,  chiefly  at  Limerick,  of  calf  skins 
of  such  a  fine  texture  that  they  could  be 
enclosed  in  a  walnut  shell,  and  were  thus 
often  shown  in  shop  windows. 

A  pair  of  them  were  included  in  Ralph 
Thoresby's  museum,  labelled  as  follows : 
*'  A  pair  of  gloves  so  delicately  thin  that, 
'though  they  will  fit  a  large  hand,  are  folded 
up  and  enclosed  in  a  gilded  walnut  shell." 
It  was  this  quality  that  gave  "  Limericks," 
^s  the  gloves  collectively  were  called,  their 
extensive  reputation. 

Gloves  of  equally  fine  material  were  made 
in  Scotland.  The  Incorporation  of  Glovers 
of  Perth,  once  a  powerful  and  wealthy  craft, 
sometimes  used  a  coat  of  arms  in  which 
five  walnuts  on  a  branch  were  placed 
between  a  pair  of  gloves  "  displayed  "  on  a 
1  '.eld,  and  this  was  found  on  the  "  calling's 
ts  "-  in  Perth  Church. 

In  an  old  picture  of  St.  Bartholomew 
formerly  hanging  in  the  Perth  Glovers 
Hall,  there  was  in  the  corner  a  bunch  of 


;hese  nuts  ;  and  a  deacon  of  the  Corporation 
remarks  that  the  nutshells  were  used  for  the 
purpose  of  containing  specimens  of  gloves 
made  of  such  fine  materials  that  they  were 
olded  in  pairs  and  enclosed  in  the  nuts, 
which  were  often  sent  as  presents  by  the 
cavaliers  of  olden  times  as  tokens  of  affection. 

CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 
Swallowfield  Park,  Reading. 

At  the  time  of  the  Napoleonic  war  kid 
loves  were  made  at  Limerick  of  so  thin  a 
quality  that  it  was  possible  to  shut  up  a 
pair  in  a  large  walnut  shell.  See  Miss  Edge- 
worth's  story  '  The  Limerick  Glove.1  One 
of  these  old  curiosities  has  been  preserved 
at  Basset  Down.  T.  S.  M. 

Swindon. 

In  the  early  sixties  Limerick  gloves  were 
sold  in  walnut  shells.  The  gloves  were 
made  of  very  fine  thread,  usually  white  or 
a  light  tan  colour.  One  pair  was  packed  in  a 
walnut  shell  and  sold  for  three  shillings  and 
sixpence.  THOS.  WHITE. 

Liverpool. 

In  Mrs.  Gaskell's  '  Ruth,'  chap,  xx.,  we 
read  : — 

'  She  went  upstairs,  and  brought  down  a  delicate 
pair  of  Limerick  gloves,  which  had  been  long 
treasured  up  in  a  walnut  shell.  'They  say  them 
gloves  is  made  of  chicken's -skins,'  said  Sally, 
examining  them  curiously.  'I  wonder  how  they 
set  about  skinning  'em.'." 

S.  B. 

[MR.  JOHN  HODGKIN,  ST.  SWITHIN  and  MR.  H. 
SMYTH  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
ii.  28).—"  What  Hell  may  be  I  know  not  'l 
is  from  '  Tauler,'  by  John  G.  Whittier. 

T.  F. 

Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

TELEPHONES  IN  BANKS  (11  S.  ii.  169,  258). 
— I  find  that  bankers  are  very  reticent  about 
this  subject.  Probably  they  all  have  in- 
struments installed — they  would  not  be 
up-to-date  business  men  if  they  had  not — 
but  they  conceal  with  scrupulous  care  their 
telephone  numbers.  L.  L.  K. 

What  The  Red  Magazine  writer  probably 
intended  to  say  was  :  "  Telephones  are  not 
in  public  use  in  English  banks.'1  If  DR. 
FORSHAW  inquires  confidentially,  I  think 
he  will  find  that  almost  every  British  bank 
possesses  a  telephone  for  use  in  cases  of 
emergency,  but  the  instrument  is  usually 
restricted  to  the  service  of  the  bank  officials. 

WM.  JAGGARD. 


298 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  s,  1910. 


"  SCUPPER  "  (11  S.  ii.  207). — I  was  serving 
in  India  in  the  early  eighties  of  the  last 
century  when  this  word  came  into  use.  My 
recollection  of  it  is  that  it  was  merely  a  slang 
word  invented  by  soldiers.  This  recollection 
was  confirmed  a  few  days  ago  by  an  old 
soldier.  He  told  me  that  it  was  a  common 
expression  in  his  time  on  board  the  trans- 
ports. In  rough  weather  it  sometimes 
happened  that  the  men  were  hurled  across 
the  deck,  and  deposited,  sometimes  with 
considerable  injury,  in  the  lee  scuppers  ; 
and  in  common  parlance  they  were  said  to 
be  scuppered.  Students  of  slang  will  under- 
stand how  the  word  may  have  been  trans- 
ferred from  its  use  as  a  means  of  injury  to  an 
injury  itself  apart  from  the  means.  This 
is  only  suggested  as  a  probable  solution. 

FRANK  PENNY. 

The  origin  and  signification  of  the  verb 
"  scupper  "  are  purely  maritime.  A  ship's 
decks  slope  slightly  from  their  centre  towards 
the  scuppers  (strictly,  the  gutters),  which 
run  fore  and  aft  along  each  side  of  the  decks. 
The  expression  "  he  was  soon  scuppered" 
would,  therefore,  imply  that  during  a  fight 
on  board  ship  a  man  had  rolled  into  the 
scuppers.  The  Press  seems  to  have  em- 
ployed this  word  malapropos.  For  instance, 
it  is  absurd  to  write  of  people  in  bed  as 
having  been  "  scuppered  "  ;  or  to  say  that 
Tommy  Atkins  stood  a  good  chance  of 
being  "  scuppered n  within  the  lines  of 
Suakim.  As  to  The  Daily  News  with  its 
"  scuppering  surprise,54  the  less  said  the 
better.  RICHARD  EDGCUMBE. 

Meranerhof,  Meran. 

The  verb  "  to  scupper "  has  perhaps 
been  formed  in  imitation  of  the  better - 
known  verb  "  to  poop."'  Apparently  the 
meaning  is  "  to  remove  superfluous  humanity 
out  of  some  position  where  their  presence  is 
not  needed,  just  as  water  is  removed  through 
the  scuppers  from  the  deck  of  a  ship." 

SCOTUS. 

BARLOW  TRECOTHICK,  LORD  MAYOR  (US. 
ii.  209). — Perhaps  the  monument  to  Barlow 
Trecothick  (who  died  28  May,  1775)  in  St. 
Mary's  Church,  Addington,  near  Croydon, 
may  give  the  name  of  his  birthplace.  The 
obituary  notices  in  contemporary  newspapers 
might  also  throw  some  light  upon  his  origin. 
The  Gentleman's  Magazine  and  The  Town 
and  Country  Magazine  merely  print  an 
announcement  of  his  death. 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 


English  Church  Brasses  from  the  Thirteenth  to 
the  Seventeenth  Century.  By  Ernest  R.  Suffling. 
(Upcott  Gill.) 

THIS  work  is  sure  to  attract  a  number  of  people 
ho  have  hitherto  given  but  little  attention  to  any 
monumental  brasses  except  those  which  com- 
memorate their  own  forefathers,  or  which  exist 
in  parishes  intimately  known  to  them.  We  are 
almost  sure  that  the  local  interest  aroused  by  the 
present  volume  will  lead  the  majority  of  its 
readers  much  further  afield.  The  engravings  are 
in  many  instances  of  a  satisfactory  character,, 
yet  we  are  sorry  to  be  compelled  to  add  that  there 
are  some  which,  leave  much  to  be  desired.  The 
earlier  brasses  were  almost  always  the  work  of 
competent  men,  while  many  of  those  of  a  later 
period  are  wanting  not  only  in  balance  of  form,, 
but  also  in  power  of  execution.  We  feel,  indeed, 
that  the  Renaissance,  which  arrived  here  some- 
what later  than  it  did  in  Italy  and  France,  has 
much  to  answer  for,  not  merely  with,  regard  to 
the  deterioration  of  these  monuments,  but  in 
respect  also  of  the  head-gear  worn  by  women, 
many  of  whom  are  represented  with  head-dresses 
more  extravagant  than  any  we  remember  of 
earlier  or  later  times. 

The  oldest  brass  now  known  to  be  in  exis- 
tence is  in  the  church  of  St.  Andrew  at  Verden 
in  Hanover.  It  commemorates  Bishop  Ysowilpe, 
and  has  been  included  by  Mr.  Suffling  from  Mr. 
Creeny's  volume  on  the  brasses  of  the  Continent.. 
We  have  never  seen  the  original,  but  from  the 
plate  before  us  we  gather  that  it  is  an  excellent 
work  of  art,  showing  the  episcopal  costume  of  the 
time  with  great  exactness.  The  mitre  is  cleft  and 
very  low,  and  the  garments  are  set  forth  as  they 
were  worn,  at  the  time  (1231).  Not  only  are- 
their  forms  given,  but  great  care  has  also  been 
taken  to  indicate  their  texture.  There  does  not 
seem  to  be  any  reason  for  doubting  that  it  is 
the  most  ancient  brass  now  to  be  met  with,  but 
its  excellence  of  execution  is  far  too  great  for  u& 
to  believe  that  it  was  not  preceded  by  works 
of  the  same  class,  but  of  far  ruder  character. 

The  oldest  brass  in  England  is  believed  to  be 
that  of  Sir  John  Daubernoun,  hi  which  chain- 
mail  covers  the  body  from  head  to  foot,  the  knee- 
caps, in  our  opinion,  forming  the  only  exception. 
These  are,  we  believe,  of  highly  ornamented 
wrought  steel ;  the  author,  however,  thinks  they 
are  of  the  tough  hide  known  as  cuir-bouilli.  The 
second  Sir  John  Daubernoun,  son  of  the  earlier, 
certainly  wore  metal  knee-caps,  as  well  as  having 
the  front  part  of  his  legs  protected  by  curved 
steel  plates.  The  date  given  for  the  first  Sir 
John  is  1277,  that  r)f  his  successor  1327.  In  both 
cases  the  shield  charged  with  their  simple  arms — 
Argent,  a  chevron  azure — is  carried  in  front,  the 
son  having  the  chevron  somewhat  less  acutely 
pointed  than  the  father. 

To  trace  the  development  and  decay  of  the 
brasses  that  still  remain  would  be  a  laborious 
work,  almost  impossible  to  achieve  in  full 
unless  each  shire  was  treated  separately,  and 
each  brass  figured,  with  its  dimensions  given. 
The  cross  in  some  form  or  other  is  engraved  on 
many  of  the  later  brasses,,  but  rarely  on  those  o£ 
early  date. 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  s,  1910.)        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


299 


We  cannot  conclude  without  some  reference  to 
the  brass  at  Grainthorpe  in  Lincolnshire.  Though 
mutilated  now,  it  must  have  been  one  of  the  most 
beautiful  works  of  the  kind  in  England. 

To  The  Corrihill  for  October  the  Master  of 
Peterhouse  contributes  an  excellent  paper  '  In 
Memoriam  :  Elizabeth  Cleghorn  Gaskell,'  which 
is  much  more  trustworthy  than  the  casual  sur- 
mises and  conclusions  of  other  writers.  Mrs. 
Woods's  'Pastel'  deals  with  the  ruins  of  Zimbabwe 
in  a  picturesque  style.  '  Hiram  P.  Blick  and  the 
Goblins,'  by  Mr.  George  Young,  is  a  short  story 
describing  a  trick  played  on  an  American  by  a 
lively  young  girl  of  mixed  Irish  and  Castilian 
parentage.  Mrs.  S.  A.  Tooley  has  another 
centenary  sketch  in  'Dr.  John  Brown  of  Edin- 
burgh.' It  is  pleasant,  but  contains  much 
matter  that  is  familiar  to  the  lover  of  literature. 
Capt.  Alan  Field  writes  on  'Sea  Training,'  a 
form  of  education  we  would  willingly  see  more 
frequently  applied.  '  Jewels  of  Gold,'  by  Mr. 
W.  H.  Adams,  is  a  curious  story  ef  an  old  man's 
sacrifice  which  is  rather  spoilt  by  its  cynical  tone. 
Mr.  A.  C.  Benson  begins  a  series  of  essays  en- 
titled '  The  Leaves  of  the  Tree,'  which  are  to  be 
concerned  with  depicting  characters  which  have 
influenced  him,  and  have  led  to  lives  in  which 
there  have  been  "  both  aim  and  execution."  His 
first  essay  is  introductory,  and  chiefly  concerned 
with  his  own  position  and  beliefs.  Mr.  Benson 
has  reached  a  stage  in  essay-writing  when  he  does 
not  hesitate  to  give  us  intimate  confessions  con- 
cerning his  own  beliefs. 

The  Nineteenth  Century  offers  us  little  of  a  lite- 
rary sort  except  the  continuation  of  the  Rev. 
A.  H.  T.  Clarke's  views  on  '  The  Genius  of  Gibbon.' 
His  view  of  '  Gibbon  the  Historian '  offers  some 
criticism  in  detail  which  is  worth  consideration, 
but  the  tone  throughout  is  unduly  patronizing. 

Goldwin  Smith's  '  Last  Words  on  Ireland,'  the 
record  of  a  visit  paid  in  1862,  and  subsequent 
reflections,  is  admirably  written,  and  contains 
some  good  stories  of  famous  men.  We  can 
guarantee  from  an  independent  source,  as  current 
in  Oxford  years  ago,  the  story  that  Bob  Lowe, 
being  very  shortsighted,  rubbed  out  some  of  his 
frork  in  examinations  with  his  nose.  But  we 
thought  that  Disraeli,  and  not  Lowe,  made  the 
remark  in  the  House  about  the  deaf  member  who 
Used  an  ear-trumpet  throwing  away  his  natural 
advantages.  Goldwin  Smith  makes  the  signifi- 
cant remark  that  "  there  was  no  excuse  for  the 
nr-srlcr-t  of  Ireland  by  the  Court  during  the  late 
reign  "  (Qtieen  Victoria's),  and  writes  that  he 
\v;i*  backed  by  a  high-placed  personage  in  that 
view.  The  Abbe"  Ernest  Dimnet  on  '  The  Sillon,' 
and  Mr.  Harold  Cox  on  «  The  Story  of  the  Osborne 
Case,'  both  deal  ably  with  causes  attracting  a 
good  deal  of  attention  just  now.  But  the  most 
important  article  in  the  number,  to  our  mind,  and 
the  most  poignant,  is  '  The  Bitter  Cry  of  the  Irish 
Home  Worker,'  by  Miss  Margaret  Irwin.  She 
speaks  'of  "  the  strange  and  unaccountable 
omission  of  shirtmaking  and  finishing  from  the 
trades  scheduled  under  the  new  Trade  Boards 
Act."  These  cases  of  horrible  "  sweating  "  are 
difficult  to  deal  with,  owing  to  the  power  of  the 
i-mplc.yer  ;  but,  once  realized,  they  ought  to  put 
'•Y<T\-  honest  man  to  shame,  and  induce  such  a 
stnfp  of  public  feeling  as  to  demand  immediate 
legislation. 


Ix  The  Fortnightly  there  are  the  usual  political 
articles  from  the  pen  of  well-known  writers,  and 
several  papers  of  literary  or  artistic  interest. 
Mr.  Hewlett  in  '  The  Profaned  Sacrament '  gives  us 
a  further  glimpse  of  the  pair  of  lovers  whose  career 
is  continued  in  his  recent  novel  '  Rest  Harrow.' 
Mr.  Charles  Zeffertt's  '  Shakespere  in  Fairyland  * 
is  a  little  disappointing.  One  expects,  nowadays, 
insight  into  the  folk-lore  side  of  the  subject  such  as 
the  late  Alfred  Nutt  gave  us  when,  a  few  years 
ago,  he  dealt  with  this  very  theme.  Mr.  F.  M. 
Hueffer  writes  on  '  Holman  Hunt '  with  special 
reference  to  Madox  Brown,  his  grandfather. 
This  paper  is  striking,  but  rather  casual  in  its 
style.  Mr.  Lewis  Melville  is  amusing  concerning 
'  A  Forgotten  Satirist,  "  Peter  Pindar."  '  Th& 
paper  is  hardly  for  the  expert  student  of  litera- 
ture, who  will  know  a  good  deal  of  its  contents,, 
but  it  makes  the  best. of  a  man  who  was  rather 
a  despicable  figure.  Mr.  G.  H.  Thring's  views  on 
'  Imperial  Copyright '  deserve  attention ;  and 
in  '  The  New  Hellenism  '  Mr.  Arundell  Esdaile 
has  an  account  of  Oscar  Wilde's  work  and  career 
which  is  commended  by  good  judgment,  and,  we 
think,  essential  fairness. 

Mr.  William  Archer's  analysis  of  the  present 
state  of  our  drama  should  not  be  missed  by  any 
serious  student  of  present  conditions  and  diffi- 
culties. Part  II.  of  '  In  Search  of  Egeria,' 
by  Mr.  Walter  Lennard,  is  clever  work.  A  union 
between  a  man  and  a  woman  older  than  him- 
self, based  on  literary  and  artistic  grounds,  is 
depicted  with  a  few  telling  touches.  Mr.  Lennard's 
name  is  new  to  us,  and,  if  he  has  not  already 
attained  success  in  fiction,  it  seems  within  his 
reach. 

THE  editorial  articles  in  The  Burlington  deal 
judiciously  with  the  National  Gallery  and  Holman 
Hunt.  It  is  pointed  out  that  the  ordinary  public 
which  visits  the  Gallery  is  confused  by  mis- 
leading labels  which  represent  exploded  opinions. 
Mr.  Lionel  Gust's  '  Notes  on  Pictures  in  the 
Royal  Collections  '  are  this  month  devoted  to  that 
distinguished  painter  Antonio  Moro,  and  the 
account  of  his  work  and  times  which  M.  Henri 
Hymans  has  published  this  year,  and  which 
promises  to  be  a  standard  work  for  some  time  to 
come.  Moro  painted  at  least  five  portraits  of 
Sir  Thomas  Gresham,  founder  of  the  Royal 
Exchange.  Mr.  G.  F.  Hill's  '  Notes  on  Italian 
Medals  '  deal  with  some  beautiful  specimens, 
and  show  admirable  research.  Mr.  A.  Glutton 
Brock  has  a  striking  article  on  '  The  Weakness  and 
Strength  of  Turner  '  ;  and  M.  Seymour  de  Ricci 
discusses  various  pictures  by  Francesco  Napoli- 
tano,  a  North  Italian  artist  who  was  not  great,  but 
has  a  curious  interest  as  an  obvious  follower  of 
Leonardo.  The  illustrations  of  his  pictures 
show  this  influence  clearly.  M.  Friedrich  Per- 
zynski  begins  a  learned  and  well  "  documented  " 
dissertation,  '  Towards  a  Grouping  of  Chinese 
Porcelains  '  ;  and  Mr.  Campbell  Dodgson 
notices  '  An  Early  Dutch  Woodcut  of  St.  Christo- 
pher' which  has  recently  been  acquired  by  the 
British  Museum,  and  is,  as  the  illustration  of  it 
shows,  most  picturesque  in  detail.  A  mediaeval 
chasuble  recently  restored  to  the  church  of  St. 
Pet^r,  Barnstaple,  is  also  figured  and  described. 
In  the  notes  on  '  Art  in  Germany '  it  is  said 
that  the  Berlin  Secessionists  have  reached  a  dis- 
appointing stage,  and  are  tending  visibly  to 
coarsen  their  methods. 


300 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  g,  1910. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — OCTOBER. 

MR.  P.  M.  BARNARD  sends  No.  11  of  his  Man- 
chester Series.  This  is  devoted  to  Alpine  Books 
and  Kindred  Literature.  A  copy  of  the  first 
<edition  of  Shelley's  '  Six  Weeks'  Tour,'  London, 
1817,  is  1Z.  5s.  There  are  Alpine  and  Swiss  prints 
.and  views,  many  being  coloured. 

Messrs.  S.  &  E.  Coleman's  first  Catalogue  is 
devoted  to  Deeds,  Old  Wills,  Charters,  Court  Bolls, 
&c.  A  deed  between  Charles  Dibdin  the  younger 
of  Sadler's  Wells  and  William  Siddons  and  others 
of  the  same  theatre  has  a  fine  signature  and  seal 
of  Charles  Dibdin,  jun.,  dated  the  1st  of  January, 
1813.  Under  London  as  It  Used  to  Be  is  a  Tax 
Law  Ordinance  and  Decree  of  Sewers  in  1722, 
in  the  City  of  Westminster,  Aug.  12,  1722.  There 
are  deeds  relating  to  Flower  de  Luce  Court, 
in  the  parish  of  St.  Dunstan's,  Finsbury  Manor, 
land  in  Cornhill,  Fenchurch  Street,  Thames  Street, 
&c.  Many  well-known  family  names  appear  in 
some  of  the  deeds. 

Mr.  Gregory  of  Bath  devotes  Catalogue  194-5 
to  his  Theological  Department,  Section  I.  The 
works  are  all  at  moderate  prices,  and  include 
Richard  Baxter,  Bellew,  Bonar,  Bunsen,  Chalmers, 
Hooker,  Lightfoot,  Pearson,  Pusey,  and  many 
other  modern  theologians.  There  are  some  Ameri- 
can items,  including  the  first  folio  book  printed 
at  Boston,  Samuel  Willard's  '  Body  of  Divinity, ' 
1726,  12Z.  Mr.  Gregory  states  that  "  it  is  doubt- 
ful if  another  copy  exists  like  this."  The  list  of 
subscribers  contains  462  names  and  addresses. 

Mr.  William  Glaisher  sends  his  List  373,  con- 
taining Publishers'  Remainders.  The  books  are 
on  every  variety  of  subject,  and  offered  at  low 
prices.  We  notice  Birrell's  '  Life  of  Sir  Frank 
Lockwood,'  Budge's  '  Book  of  Governors  :  the 
Historia  Monastica  of  Thomas,  Bishop  of  Marga, 
\.D.  840  '  ;  Maxwell's  '  From  the  Yalu  to  Port 
Arthur,'  and  Sir  Harry  Johnston's  '  Liberia : 
the  Negro  Republic  of  West  Africa.'  There  are 
works  under  Education  and  Egypt.  Under  Foster 
are  '  The  True  Portraiture  of  Mary,  Queen  of 
Scots,'  by  Mr.  J.  J.  Foster,  and  works  on  Feudal 
Heraldry  by  the  late  Joseph  Foster.  Under 
Gamier  is  his  '  History  of  the  English  Landed 
Interest.'  Under  India  will  be  found  Havell's 
'  Benares,'  Keene's  '  Hindustan,'  and  Leth- 
bridge's  '  Golden  Book.'  The  books  under 
Natural  History  include  those  by  Aflalo  and 
Aveling. 

Messrs.  Sotheran  &  Co.'s  third  and  last  part  of 
their  Clearance  Catalogue,  consequent  upon  their 
change  of  address  in  Piccadilly,  is  now  issued,  and 
forms  No.  708  of  their  Price  Current.  The  items 
in  the  three  parts  number  almost  nine  thousand. 
We  note  a  few  :  Charles  II. 's  copy  of  Prynne's 
*  Vindication,'  18Z.  18s.  ;  an  original  set  of  Punch 
to  1908,  32Z.;  Pyne's  'Royal  Residences,'  22Z.  10s.; 
and  Racinet's  *  Le  Costume  historique,'  18Z.  18s., 
which  Mr.  Sotheran  describes  as  "the  greatest 
work  of  the  century  on  costume."  An  early 
English  road-book  unknown  to  Lowndes,  Jacob 
van  Langeren's  '  Direction  for  the  English  Travil- 
ler,'  1643,  is  9Z.  9s.  There  is  what  the  '  D.N.B.' 
describes  as  "  the  chief  if  not  always  trustworthy 
authority  for  the  life  of  Mrs.  Robinson."  Per- 
dita's  '  Memoirs '  by  herself,  extra-illustrated, 
1803,  8Z.  The  Catalogue  is  rich  in  Ruskin  items. 


Under  Scott  is  a  complete  set  of  original  editions 
(except  '  Guy  Mannering,'  which  is  the  second, 
and  '  Tales  of  My  Landlord,'  third  edition),  74 
vols.,  new  half-morocco,  60Z.  Under  Shake- 
speare we  find  the  third  Quarto  of  '  The  Merchant 
of  Venice,'  the  sixth  of  *  Pericles,'  and  the  first  of 
The  Taming  of  the  Shrew.'  Under  Izaak 
Walton  is  '  The  Complete  Angler,'  edited  by 
Bethune,  large  paper,  2  vols.,  royal  8vo,  extended 
to  6  by  the  addition  of  about  400  illustrations, 
many  being  beautiful  plates  from  Pickering's  and 
Major's  editions,  crimson  polished  levant  by 
Riviere,  a  most  beautiful  copy,  New  York, 
1880,  65Z.  Until  30  November  there  is  a  discount 
of  25  per  cent  from  the  Catalogue  prices. 


MAJOR  JAMES  STUART  KING. — Oriental  scholar- 
ship has  suffered  a  great  loss  by  the  premature 
death  of  Major  J.  Stuart  King,  which  occurred  on 
29  September,  at  his  residence  at  Southsea,  after 
a  three  days'  illness. 

Major  King,  before  his  retirement  from  the 
Army,  had  filled  some  responsible  posts  at  Aden 
and  on  the  Somali  coast,  and  had  acquired  a 
scholarly  knowledge  of  Arabic  and  Persian.  On 
returning  to  England,  he  devoted  his  time  to  the 
elucidation  of  the  languages  and  antiquities  of 
South-Western  Arabia,  and  especially  to  the 
study  of  Himyaritic,  in  which  branch  of  learning 
he  had  probably  no  rival  among  English  scholars. 
At  the  time  of  his  death  he  was  engaged  upon  the 
compilation  of  an  Index  Geographicus  of  all  the 
local  names  occurring  in  the  Sabsean  inscriptions 
and  in  the  works  of  the  early  Arabian  writers  and 
travellers. 

A  couple  of  weeks  ago  he  informed  the  writer 
that  he  had  become  a  regular  subscriber  to 
'  N.  &  Q.,'  and  hoped  regularly  to  contribute 
articles  to  its  columns.  A  short  note  on  '  Ora 
=  Noria,'  which  briefly  but  aptly  exhibits  his 
method,  was  printed  in  the  number  for  10  Sept- 
tember  (ante,  p.  215).  W.  F.  P. 


in 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "  The  Editor  of  «  Notes  and  Queries  '  "—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.C. 

H.  B.,  A.  C.  H.,  and  M.  P.  -Forwarded. 

W.  SHACKTADY  ('Modern  Printing').—  By  John 
Southward,  published  by  Raithby,  Lawrence  &  Co., 
Thanet  House,  231,  Strand. 

CORRIGENDUM.—  Ante,  p.  243,  col.  2,  1.  32,  for 
"Knide"readKnill. 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  15,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


301 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  15,  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  42. 

NOTES  :— Battle  of  Dunbar :  Estimate  of  Losses,  301— 
Derivation  of  "  Stencil,"  302— Fair  Rosamond :  Sampler 
Work,;303— '  Renascence  :  the  Sculptured  Tombs  of  Rome ' 
"  Fere,"  304—'  The  Saturday  Review '— "  Registry  Office  " 
—Seven  as  a  Mystic  Number  in  Papua— Lord  Berkeley  and 
Highwaymen— "Transcendant,"  305— Omission  of  H  m 
Oerman— Gibbon  and  Hibgame— Bohemians  and  Gipsies, 
306. 

QUERIES  :  —  "  Rallie-papier  "  —  Allusions  in  American 
Authors— Gutenberg's  42-line  Bible— Portraits  Wanted, 
307— James  Fea  —  "The  Vatch"-'The  Buccaneer'— 
Clocks  and  Watches— Arms  of  St.  Catharine's,  Cambridge 
—Sidney  Castle—'  The  Heroinse  '—Book  on  the  Perfection 
of  Women— "  Peony-royal  "—Calais  lost  for  Lack  of 
Mustard,  308— All  Souls,  Oxford,  and  the  Duke  of  Wharton 
— Lesnes  Abbey— Saint's  Cloak  on  a  Sunbeam— Carlyle  on 
Singing  at  Work— Birds  falling  dead  at  Soldiers'  Shouts- 
Milton  on  Plagiarism — Alexandrines  in  Shakespeare  — 
'  Excelsior '  in  Pigeon  English,  309—  Builders  in  Devon- 
shire—Crosses—Sir Patrick  Trant— '  Monsieur  Tonson'— 
Oath  of  Hippocrates— Wife  of  Lord  Howard  of  Effingham, 
310. 

REPLIES :— Queen  Victoria  and  Peabody's  Funeral,  310— 
Beaver-leas—Gladstone  at  Wilmslow,  311— Major  Hodson 
at  St.  Helena— Herb-woman  to  the  King— "  Tenderling  " 
—Guildhall  Statutes,  312— Greenwich  Market— Prink- 
nash,  313  —  Verger  —  Michael  Wright  —  Anglo  -Spanish 
Author— Carlin  Sunday,  314— Snails  as  Food—"  Game 
Leg"— Capt.  Pottinger,  315— Sydney  Smith  on  Spencer 
Perceval— 'My  Mary  Anne,'  316— Father  Smith  and 
Upham— Goldwin  Smith's  '  Reminiscences '— '  Edinburgh 
Literary  Journal '— '  Political  Adventures  of  Lord 
Beaconsfleld  '—Dean  Swift— Hobby-Horse,  317— Matthew 
Arnold— Whyteheer— '  Judgment  of  God  '—Roma  Aurea 
— "  Schelm  "  —  Edna  —  "  Sparrow-blasted,"  318  —  Bell's 
poets_Fairies  :  Ruffs  and  Reeves— Eugene  Aram,  319. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— Swift's  Poems— '  Cambridge  Pocket 
Dairy '— '  National  Review.' 


BATTLE    OF    DUNBAR:     ESTIMATE 
OF    LOSSES. 

HISTORY  has,  it  seems  to  me,  been  too  ready 
to  take  Cromwell's  account  of  the  losses  at 
the  battle  of  Dunbar.  I  give  first  two  early 
accounts,  and  then  a  few  comments.  Heath's 
'  Chronicle,1  1663,  p.  502,  says  :— 

"  On  tuesday  morning  at  four  of  the  Clock 
a  Brigade  of  the  English  Army  drew  down  to 
possess  themselves  of  a  pass  upon  the  Road 
'between  Eden-burgh  and  Berwick,  which  heing 
had,  they  might  with  the  more  ease,  and  advan- 
tage make  their  way  home,  and  in  order  thereto 
pass  over  to  the  enemy,  to  fall  upon  them.  This 
Brigade  consisted  of  three  regiments  of  Horse 
of  Major  General  Lamberts  Commissary  Genera 
Whalleys  and  Colonel  Lilburns,  and  two  of  Foot 
This  gave  the  Scots  a  great  Alarum,  and  a  sore 
dispute  happened  about  the  pass,  which  lastec 
above  an  hour,  the  great  guns  playing  in  th 
meantime  against  both  the  bodies.  At  length  th 
stout  Brigade  gained  and  possessed  the  pass 
much  gallantry  and  bravery  being  shewed  on  both 
i  sides. 

"  This  pass  lay  at  Copperspeth  in  the  English 
way  homewards,  to  impede  which  they  had  drawn 


,ff  their  best  Horse  upon  the  right  Wing  to  receive 
he  English,  whose  Word  was  the  Lord  of  Hosts, 
heirs  The  Covenant. 

"  The  Enemy  charged  hereupon  with  their 
Lanciers,  so  that  the  horse  gave  way  a  little,  but 
mmediately  rallied,  and  the  foot  advancing  to 
econd  them,  the  Scots  were  charged  so  home, 
hat  they  put  them  presently  to  the  rout,  it  being 
about  six  a  clock  in  the  morning,  the  left  Wing 
)f  Horse  without  striking  one  stroke,  following 
he  same  way  ;  The  Foot  seeing  this  rout  and 
flight  of  the  Horse,  and  not  able  in  any  order 
>y  reason  thereof  to  engage,  were  all  of  a  sudden 
o  confused  and  confounded,  that  without  any 
^esistance  or  offer  of  engagement,  they  threw 
down  their  Armes  and  fled,  giving  the  English  the 
ull  pursuit  of  them  above  eight  miles  beyond 
laddington  ;  the  number  of  the  slain  were  [sic} 
:000,  9000  Prisoners,  many  whereof  were 
desperately  wounded,  and  10000.  armes,  all  their 
Ammunition,  Bag  and  Baggage.  Prisoners  of 
l^ote  were,  Sir  James  Lumsdale,  Lieutenant 
General  of  the  Army,  the  Lord  Libberton,  im- 
ployed  by  the  Estates  to  the  King  lately,  and 
lied  of  his  wounds  presently  after  the  fight  at 
Dunbar,  Adjutant  General  Bickerton,  scout- 
master Campbel,  Sir  William  Douglass,  Lord 
Cranston,  and  Colonel  Gurden  ;  12  Lieutenant- 

olonels,  6  Majors,  42  Captains,  75  Lieutenants, 
L7  Cornets,  2  Quarter-masters,  110  Ensignes, 
Foot  and  Horse  Colours  200,  27  Guns,  some  brass, 
[ron  and  Leather,  with  the  loss  of  not  above  300 
English,  and  one  Major  Rokesby,  RoMsly  [sic} 
who  died  after  of  his  wounds  :  there  was  likewise 
:aken  the  Purse  to  the  great  Seal  of  Scotland, 
which  was  presently  sent  up  to  London,  and  the 
Dolours  with  those  taken  before  at  Preston, 
ordered  forthwith  to  be  bung  up  in  Westminster- 
Hall." 

The  second  account  is  from  pp.  102-3.   of 

'  The    Perfect  \  Politician,  or    a  full  |  View 

|  of  the  |  Life  and  Actions  |  of  |  O.  Crom- 
wel.  |  The  Third  Edition  Corrected  and 

Enlarged j  London,      Printed     for     I. 

Crumpe,  at  the  three  |  Bibles  in  St.  Paul's 
Church  i  yard.  MDCLXXXI."  :— 

"  All  things  being  thus  in  a  readiness,  the  Soul- 
diers  desired  nothing  more,  than  the  coming  of 
the  time  when  they  should  fall  in,  that  they 
might  shew  their  Valour  to  purpose.  It  was 
resolved  (Sept.  3)  to  fall  on  by  break  of  day  : 
but  (by  reason  of  some  impediments)  it  was 
delayed  till  six  of  the  clock  ;  at  which  time,  Major 
General  Lambert,  Lieutenant  General  Fleetwood, 
Commissary  Whalley,  and  Colonel  Twistleton  (all 
stout  and  resolute  Commanders)  gave  a  furious 
charge  upon  the  Scots  Army,  who  stoutly  sus- 
tained the  same,  and  gallantly  disputed  the 
business  at  the  Swords  point.  The  English  Foot 
in  the  meantime  fired  roundly  upon  the  Enemies 
Foot,  but  with  more  courage  than  success  ; 
for  being  overpowr'd,  they  were  forced  into  some 
disorder  ;  notwithstanding,  they  soon  recovered 
their  Ground,  being  reinforced  by  the  Generals  own 
Regiment. 

"  And  now  the  Fight  grew  hot  on  all  sides.  The 
English  Horse  flew  about  like  Furies,  doing 
wonderful  execution,  insomuch  that  the  place 
soon  became  an  Aceldama,  or  field  of  blood. 
The  Foot  were  not  behind  in  their  capacities  : 


302 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [n  s.  IL  OCT.  15, 1910. 


for  the  Pikes  gallantly  sustained  the  push  of  their 
Enemies,  and  the  musquets  seemed  by  their 
often  firings  to  have  a  design  to  alter  the  property 
of  the  Climate  from  the  Frigid  to  the  Torrid  Zone. 
Neither  were  the  English  more  free  of  their 
powder,  than  the  Scots  (especially  Lawyer's  Regi- 
ment of  Highlanders)  were  of  their  bullets,  until 
their  Horse  being  totally  dispers'd,  and  enforc'd 
to  quit  the  Field,  left  the  foot  exposed  to  all 
dangers  :  which  they  seeing  began  to  shift  for 
themselves  as  well  as  they  could,  throwing  away 
their  Arms,  and  betaking  themselves  to  their 
heels  :  a  poor  shift !  it  being  better  to  fight  a  day, 
than  run  an  hour.  To  be  short ;  the  English 
at  last  so  far  prevailed,  as  to  give  a  compleat 
Overthrow,  by  the  utter  routing  of  that  Army, 
which  had  but  lately  triumphed  in  a  confident 
assurance  of  Victory. 

"  This  was  the  work  of  one  hour ;  but  it 
ended  not  here  :  for  the  Bout  begetting  a  Run, 
the  fugitives  were  pursued  eight  miles  from  the 
place.  Of  the  Enemy  were  slain  in  all  about 
3000  ;  10000  taken  prisoners,  many  whereof  were 
desperately  wounded  ;  and  15000  Arms,  all  their 
Ammunition,  Bag  and  Baggage.  Prisoners  of  Note 
were  Sir  James  Lumsdale,  Lieutenant  General  of 
the  Army,  the  Lord  Libberton  (who  shortly 
after  dyed  of  his  wounds),  Adjutant  General 
Bickerton,  Scout-master  Campbel,  Sir  William 
Douglas,  Lord  Cranston,  and  Colonel  Gurden  ; 
12  Lieutenant- Colonels,  6  Majors,  42  Captains, 
75  Lieutenants,  17  Cornets,  2  Quarter-Masters, 
110  Ensigns,  Foot  and  Horse  Colours  200,  27  Guns, 
some  Brass,  some  Iron,  and  some  of  Leather,  with 
the  loss  of  not  above  300  English.  There  was  like- 
wise taken  the  Purse  to  the  great  Seal  of  Scotland  ; 
and  for  standing  Trophies  of  this  great  victory, 
200  of  their  Colours  were  sent  up  to  the  Parlia- 
ment at  London  ;  who  caused  them  to  be  hung  up 
in  Westminster-Hall,  where  they  remained  a  long 
time." 

It  appears  from  comparing  both  these 
accounts  that  the  English  loss  was  about 
300  (by  loss  evidently,  I  think,  is  meant  the 
number  of  killed  :  Major  Rokesby  is  men- 
tioned as  having  been  wounded,  but  then 
he  shortly  after  died  of  his  wounds).  I 
cannot  say  whether  one  account  has  been 
copied  from  the  other,  but  I  should  hardly 
think  so  because  the  number  of  killed  and 
prisoners  differs  in  the  two  accounts.  If  I 
remember  right,  Carlyle,  in  a  note  to  his 
account  of  Dunbar  fight,  puts  the  query 
whether  Fleetwood  was  present.  It  will  be 
seen  from  the  second  account  (Henry 
Fletcher's  :  his  name,  by  the  way,  is  not  on 
the  title-page)  that  Fleetwood  was  present. 
The  accounts,  it  may  be  noted,  agree  in 
admitting  the  stiffness  of  the  contest,  Heath 
says  "  much  gallantry  and  bravery  being 
shewed  on  both  sides.'-'  The  number  of  men 
engaged  and  the  nature  of  the  fighting  clearly 
prove  the  estimate  of  from  twenty  to  thirty 
English  killed  to  be  positively  ludicrous. 
Cromwell  in  a  letter  after  the  battle  put  the 
number  at  not  above  twenty,  if  I  remember 


right.  Elsewhere  I  have  seen  it  mentioned 
as  being  up  to  thirty.  Cromwell  made  the 
statement,  doubtless,  for  political  reasons. 
Serious  historians  however,  appear  to  have 
accepted  the  number  given  by  Cromwell  as 
correct,  though  they  have  nothing  to  fear 
from  Cromwell.  ARDEA. 

[A  letter  written  by  Cromwell  the  day  before 
the  battle,  and  showing  his  anxiety  with  respect 
to  his  position,  was  printed  by  MR.  LINDSVY 
HILSON  at  10  S.  xi.  72.] 


"  STENCIL  n  :  ITS  DERIVATION. 

PROF.  SKEAT  conjectures  that  "  stencil "  is 
derived  from  O.F.  "  estinceller,  to  sparkle, 
...  .to  powder,  or  set  thick  with  sparkles  " 
(Cotgrave).  He  quotes  from  the  '  Aunters  of 
Arthure*  "with  his  sternes  (stars)  of  gold,. 
stanseld  on  stray, "  i.e.,  "  stencilled  at  ran- 
dom." In  the  Wardrobe  Accounts  of  Edw.  III. 
occurs  "  harnesium  de  bokeram  albo,  exten- 
cellato  cum  argento,"  which  PROF.  SKEAT 
renders  "  starred  with  silver." 

The  objections  to  this  etymology  are  three : 
(1)  there  is  no  reason  for  assuming  that  the 
word  in  the  above  contexts  means  anything 
but  "sparkling  "  (cf.  "  tinsel  ")  ;  (2)  there  is 
a  tremendous  gap  between  Edw.  III.  and  the 
modern  word  stencil,  which  appears  to  be 
first  booked'  by  Webster  ;  (3)  the  -s-  of 
estinceler  was  mute  by  about  the  end  of  the 
thirteenth  century,  hence  the  E.  form  tinsel. 

The  Rev.  Percy  Smith  in  his  '  Glossary  of 
Words  and  Phrases  '  suggests  a  more  plausible 
etymology  from  G.  "  Stanze,  mould,  metal - 
stamp,  die,  punch  "  (Fliigel-Schmidt-Tanger). 
This  does  not,  however,  account  for  the 
form,  nor  does  it  quite  suit  the  sense,  al- 
though there  is  a  certain  affinity  between  the 
two  ideas,  and  "  stencils  "  are,  I  suppose, 
cut  out  with  such  an  implement.  Stanze  is 
given  by  Grimm  as  a  modern  word  of 
unknown  origin.  It  may  be  ultimately 
connected  with  its  F.  synonym  estampe ; 
cf .  also  G.  and  Du.  stempel. 

Kilian  (1620)  has  a  word  which  may  be 
the  origin  of  "  stencil,"  viz.,  "  stemsel,  stimsel, 
ora  sive  limbus  _calcei,  orbiculata  calcei 
exterior  sutura."  This  appears  to  suggest  a 
fixed  pattern.  It  occurs  also  in  an  earlier 
dictionary,  viz.,  '  Trium  Linguarum  Dic- 
tionarium  '  (Frankfurt,  1587),  "stemsel, 
forma,  formula,  baston  sur  quoy  ils  cousent 
les  souliers.2'  So  also  in  Binnart's  '  Biglotton  * 
(Amsterdam,  1686),  "  stemsel,  forma, 
formula  ;  ora  calcei."  It  does  not  appear 
in  Hexham  (1672)  or  Sewel  (1727),  and  I  do 
not  know  whether  it  exists  in  Mod.  Du. 
A  "  stencil  "  may  very  well  be  described  as 


a  s.  ii.  OCT.  is,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


303 


forma,  formula.  E.  (shoemaker's)  "  last  " 
and  its  Teutonic  cognates  mean  ultimately 
"  footprint,  impression  n  (Skeat,  "  last 2'  ; 
Kluge,  Leisten)  ;  while  the  Romance  equi- 
valents for  "  last  "  are  F.  forme,  It.,  Sp.,  and 
Port,  forma.  It  may  be  noted  that  G. 
Schablone,  stencil,  is  also  from  Du.  (Kluge), 
and  that  it  is  used,  like  Leisten,  figuratively, 
e.g.,  "  Sie  sind  alle  iiber  einen  Leisten 
geschlagen,  they  are  all  of  a  kidney  ;  they 
are  all  of  one  cut  "  (Ludwig,  1716),  "Us 
sont  tous  frappes  au  meme  coin  "  (Schwan, 
1784),  "  They  are  all  of  a  kidney,  all  of  one 
cut,  of  the  same  stamp,  wedge,  or  coin  " 
(Ebers,  1798).  In  less  homely  mod.  G.  one 
would  say  "  Sie  sind  alle  nach  der  Schablone 
(stencil)  gemacht."  There  is,  of  course,  a 
considerable  gap  between  tkis  archaic  Du. 
word  and  E.  "  stencil, «  but  the  '  N.E.I).' 
will  probably  show  that  the  latter  was  in 
use  for  some  time  before  being  booked.  It 
may  turn  out  to  be  Dutch-American. 

I  can  find  nothing  about  the  origin  of  the 
Du.  word.  The  sense  suggests  that  it  is 
*stemp-sel  for  stempel,  formed  like  decks  el, 
stopsel,  &c.  ;  or  it  may  be  connected  with 
"  stemmen,  firmum  reddere  "  (Kilian),  or 
even  with  "stemmen,  scalpro  saquare ?? 
(Kilian).  Cf.  the  relation  of  "  schampelioen, 
scalp  rum,  caelum"  (Kilian),  and tl  schampelioen, 
specimen,  exemplar,  &c.'"'  (Kilian),  from 
which  Kluge  derives  G.  Schablone.  I  do 
not  think,  however,  that  the  semantic 
development  of  the  two  words  is  similar. 
Schablone  seems  to  have  acquired  the  special 
meaning  of  "  stencil  '*  in  German,  the  Du. 
word  meaning  probably  a  piece  cut  off  as  a 
sample.  Kilian  gives  for  it  F.  echantillon. 
Cf.  It.  "  scampolo,  scampolino,  scampoletto, 
a  scantlin,  or  shred  of  anything,  especially 
being  cut  from  some  piece,  a  pattern, 
remnant  "  (Torriano,  1659),  which  appears 
to  be  cognate  with  the  Du.  word. 

ERNEST  WEEKLEY. 

Nottingham. 


FAIR  ROSAMOND  :  SAMPLER  WORK. 
IT  is  very  possible  that  the  romantic  story  of 
Fair  Rosamond  and  King  Henry  II.,  and 
of  the  decisive  action  taken  by  his  jealous 
consort,  Queen  Eleanor,  has  been  told  in 
other  ways  than  in  chapbooks  (see  10  S. 
xii.  209,  298,  452). 

I  have  in  my  possession  (in  England)  a 
very    interesting    and    nicely    worked    em- 
broidered picture,  which  evidently  portrays 
the  above  drama,  in  which  (though  I  have 
scrutinized  it  for  some  years  and  there- 


fore my  description  is  from  memory  only) 
I  seem  to  see,  as  stated  at  the  last  reference 
by  MB.  WALTER  SCOTT, 

"  the  Queen,  dagger  in  hand,  standing  in  front  of 
Rosamond,  who,  on  her  knees,*  with  ludicrously 
woebegone  visage,  and  holding  the  cup  of  poison, 
evinces  marked  repugnance  to  swallow  the  deadly 
draught." 

The  whole  forms  a  panel  of  some  15  in. 
by  10  in.,  and  is  very  finely  embroidered 
in  various  coloured  silks,  enriched  with 
gold  and  silver  thread  or  wire  over  raised 
work. 

Additions  have  evidently  been  made  to 
it  by  a  later  and,  apparently,  coarser  hand, 
and  parts  of  the  figiires  are  so  filled  in. 

In  the  centre  the  labyrinthine  bower  at 
Woodstock  is  well  indicated,  and  in  the 
lower  part  of  the  panel  is  shown  what  appears 
to  be  a  royal  crown — though  certainly  not  a 
Plantagenet  one — together  with  lions  and 
those  other  animals  which  are  usually  intro- 
duced into  this  kind  of  work,  though  they 
have  nothing  to  do  with  the  main  subject. 
In  an  oval  inset  is  a  portrait  of  a  personage 
in  what  would  seem  to  be  a  wig  of  the 
Stuart  period,  something  after  the  fashion 
of  the  portraits  of  Charles  II.  or  his  ill-fated 
son  the  Duke  of  Monmouth. 

Tradition  has  it  that  this  picture  was 
worked  by  a  member  of  the  family  in  Dorset 
when  a  girl  at  school  in  Weymouth  (I  think), 
and  was  left  unfinished  owing  to  the  breaking 
out  of  the  Monmouth  Rebellion.  Whether 
these  Dorset  schoolgirls  were  desirous  of 
emulating  the  deeds  of  their  Somersetshire 
friends  "the  Fair  Maids  of  Taunton,"  or 
whether  they  were  afraid  of  the  same  treat- 
ment being  meted  out  to  them,  history 
telleth  not.  But  inasmuch  as  this  rebellion 
occurred  in  1685,  and  as  I  have  also  one  of 
the  usual  long  samplers  worked  in  geo- 
metrical designs,  letters  of  the  alphabet,  and 
numerals,  followed  by  the  initials  "  E.  V." 
and  the  date ' '  1 678  " — which  would  evidently 
be  the  work  of  a  younger  child — I  am  dis- 

Eosed  to  think  that  the  above  tradition  may 
ave  been  well  founded,  and  that  it  was 
the  same  hand — when  somewhat  older — 
that  sought  to  weave  in  fairly  imperishable 
material  (if  well  taken  care  of)  the  loves  of 
one  of  the  most  powerful  of  the  Plantagenet 
sovereigns  and  his  so-called  "  concubine." 

If  this  be  BO,  my  picture  would  certainly 
be  earlier  in  date  than  any  of  the  chap- 
books  referred  to  by  your  correspondents. 
Can  any  of  them  tell  me  if  this  particular 


*  I  am  not  sure  that  she  is  not  standing  con- 
fronting the  Queen  in  my  version. 


304 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  n.  OCT.  15,1910. 


•story  has    ever    formed    a  popular    subject 
for  tapestry  or  embroidery  work  ? 

Examples  of  this  kind  of  work,  of  course, 
existed  many  years  prior  to  the  period  I 
have  mentioned,  being,  one  may  say,  sue 
-ceeded  by  sampler  work,  even  as  samplers 
in  their  turn  gave  way  to  those  abomina- 
tions of  pictorial  needlework  of  the  Early 
Victorian  era,  only  to  be  superseded,  thank 
goodness  !  by  the  excellent  productions  of 
modern  Schools  of  Art  Needlework. 

But  I  can  scarcely  think  that  this  nimble- 
fingered  ancestress  of  mine  evoked  the  idea 
or  the  drawing  out  of  her  own  head.  One 
is  fain  to  believe  that  the  subjects  chosen 
or  allowed  to  be  selected  by  schoolgirls  were 
rather  religious  than  classical ;  and  more 
often  portrayed  the  wellworn  Biblical  stories 
of  Adam  and  Eve,  Hagar  and  Ishmael, 
Joel  and  Sisera,  or  Jehu  and  Jezebel,  than 
the  illicit  loves  of  heathen  gods  and  goddesses 
or  those  of  our  own  royal  personages. 

I  have  myself  never  come  across  this 
subject  so  illustrated  before  ;  neither  do  I 
remember  to  have  seen  anything  like  it  at  the 
very  interesting  exhibition  of  old  English 
tapestry  and  embroidered  and  sampler  work 
which  was  held  at  the  Fine- Art  Society's 
rooms  in  New  Bond  Street  at  the  end  of  the 
last  century.  J.  S.  UDAL,  F.S.A. 

Antigua,  W.I. 


'  RENASCENCE  :  THE  SCULPTURED  TOMBS 
'OF  ROME.' — It  may  see;m  ungracious  to  take 
exception  to  any  blame  occurring  in  a  review 
written  in  so  sympathetic — I  may  even  say 
generous — a  spirit  as  that  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  for 
24  September  upon  my  book,  '  The  Rena- 
scence Tombs  of  Rome.'  Yet  it  is  just  that 
spirit  which  emboldens  me  to  crave  a  hearing. 

Your  reviewer  quotes  a  ' '  picturesque 
statement  "  which  he  says,  if  it  came  from 
a  French  or  German  author,  might  tempt 
him  to  throw  the  book  aside  as  worthless. 
It  occurs  on  p.  321  :"  at  his  [Boniface  VIII. 's] 
Coronation  [in  1295]  Charles  II.  of  Anjou, 
King  of  Naples,  and  Charles  Martel,  King  of 
France,  in  fact  though  not  in  title,  walked 
on  either  side  of  his  white  palfrey."  I 
'lament  that  the  word  France  was  by  a  slip 
written  instead  of  Hungary,  and  not  ob- 
served by  me  in  revision.  This  Charles 
Martel  was  Charles  Robert  of  Anjou  (grand- 
son of  Charles  I.  of  Naples),  who  when  he 
walked  by  the  bridle  of  Boniface  was  already, 
in  the  lifetime  of  the  childless  Andrew  III., 
a  claimant  for  the  throne  of  Hungary,  by 
virtue  of  his  mother,  daughter  of  Stephen  V. 


of  Hungary.  He  eventually  established  his 
title,  and  was  father  of  Louis  I.,  called  the 
Great,  King  of  Hungary,  and  also  of  Poland. 
My  readers,  I  hope,  will  have  seen  that  I 
could  not  have  meant  any  one  else  ;  certainly 
not  the  great  Charles  Martel,  son  of  Pepin, 
Mayor  of  the  Palace,  who  died  in  France 
550  years  earlier.  A  less  obvious  slip  of  the 
pen  would  have  been  more  dangerous,  as 
an  inaccuracy.  The  man,  his  title  (Charles 
Martel),  and  the  picturesque  incident  are 
recorded  in  Gregorovius  (ed.  Bell,  1900, 
vol.  v.  p.  532). 

Again,  the  reviewer  says  that  the  accurate 
person  may  be  annoyed  at  my  calling  a 
Cardinal  General  of  the  Franciscans.  I  did 
so  in  the  case  of  Cardinal  Matteo  d'Acquas- 
parta  (p.  245).  Cardella  (ii.  28)  is  my  autho- 
rity. He  states  that  for  his  virtues  and 
learning  Acquasparta  was  elected  General 
of  his  order  (the  Franciscan)  in  the  chapter 
held  at  Montpellier  in  1287,  and  then  nomi- 
nated Cardinal  of  San  Lorenzo  in  Damaso. 
"Although  he  was  a  Cardinal,  the  Pontiff 
wished  that  he  should,  after  the  example 
of  S.*  Bonaventura,  continue  in  the  govern- 
ment of  the  order  to  the  date  of  the 
next  '  Comizi.'  "  Vadingo,  the  Franciscan 
historian,  adds  that  as  General  he  was 
injurious  to  the  order  because  of  his  exceed- 
ing kindness  of  heart. 

In  another  case  I  have  stated,  also  on  the 
authority  of  Cardella  (vol.  iv.  p.  267,  ed. 
1792),  that  Francesco  della  Rovere  (Sixtus 
IV.)  was  General  of  the  order  of  Franciscans 
(elected  at  Perugia  1464).  Pastor,  '  Lives 
of  the  Popes,'  says  the  same,  adding  that  he 
was  engaged  in  reforming  the  discipline  of 
the  order  when  he  received  the  news  of  his 
elevation  to  the  purple. 

GERALD  S.  DAVIES. 

Master's  Lodge,  Charterhouse,  E.G. 

"  FERE." — Perhaps  I  ought  to  have 
included  fere,  "  a  travelling  companion," 
hence  a  companion  in  general,  a  mate, 
and  the  like,  in  my  '  Etymological  Dic- 
tionary.' It  is  given  in  Mayhew  and 
Skeat's  '  Middle  English  Dictionary,'  and 
in  Morris's  '  Specimens  of  English,'  Parts  I. 
and  II.  ;  also  (of  course)  in  the  '  N.E.D.' 
and  'E.D.D.'  The  A.-S.  form  is  gefera, 
where  the  e  is  due  to  the  6  in  the  form  for, 
which  occurs  as  the  pt.  t.  of  faran,  to  fare, 
to  go,  to  travel,  from  which  it  is  derived. 
WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 


*  S.  Bonaventura  was  also  General  of  the  order, 
and  afterwards  Cardinal.  Cardella  implies  that  he 
was  both  concurrently. 


ii  B.  11.  OCT.  is,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


305 


'  THE  SATURDAY  REVIEW.' — I  have  just 
been  reading  with  much  interest  Mr.  J.  C. 
Francis's  '  Notes  by  the  Way.'  The  writer's 
reminiscences  awaken  old.  memories  of 
'N.  &  Q.,'  The  Athenoeum,  The  Saturday 
Review,  &c. 

With  regard  to  The  Saturday,  I  should 
like  to  place  on  record  the  names  of  four 
other  writers  (not  mentioned  in  the  book) 
who  wrote  for  that  prominent  weekly  in  the 
1855-7  issues,  viz.,  Lord  Salisbury,  Vernon 
Harcourt,  the  just  deceased  Goldwin  Smith, 
and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Scott  of  St.  John's, 
Hoxton  (father  of  the  late  Clement  Scott, 
the  dramatic  critic).  I  wonder  if  there  are 
any  who  can  recall  Mr.  Scott's  microscopic 
calligraphy,  to  deal  with  which  a  magnifying  - 
glass  was  often  necessary.  The  editorial 
offices  were  at  Mr.Beresford  Hope's  chambers 
in  the  Albany,  and  the  publishing  office 
was  in  Southampton  Street,  Strand. 

W.    J.    FlTzSlMMONS. 

Cromwell  Avenue,  Highgate,  N. 

"  REGISTRY  OFFICE  " '  :  "  REGISTER 
OFFICE." — The  earliest  mention  in  the 
'  H.E.D.2  of  a  registry  office  is  1836  ;  but  the 
following  is  from  The  Whitehall  Evening 
Post,  8  May,  1756:— 

To  CARTERS  and  LABOURERS  in  the  Country 
who  come  to  London. 

If  any  Carter,  Labourer,  or  any  other  Servant 
come  to  London,  either  from  Curiosity  or  want  of 
Work,  if  they  will  call  at  Mr.  Fielding's  Universal 
Register-Office  in  the  Strand,  or  his  Universal 
Registry-Office  in  Bishopsgate-Street,  as  soon  as 
they  come  to  Town,  they  will  meet  with  immediate 
Employment,  and  be  recommended  to  some  honest 
House,  where  they  may  lodge  till  they  get  a  Master, 
which  will  prevent  their  falling  into'bad  Company. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

[MR.  MAcMiCHAEL  here  also  supplies  an  instance 
ot  "register  office"  four  years  earlier  than  any  in 
the  Oxford  Dictionary.] 

SEVEN  AS  A  MYSTIC  NUMBER  IN  PAPUA. — 
In  The  Observer  of  18  September  is  a  report 
of  an  account  of  the  "  Man-eaters  of  Papua  n 
Lii\ -en  by  Mr.  J.  H.  P.  Murray,  Lieutenant- 
Governor  of  our  part  of  the  island  of  New 
Guinea.  Of  a  particular  tribe,  apparently 
when  engaged  in  fishing  away  from  home, 
he  says  : — 

"Disaster  would  overwhelm  the  entire  tribe  if, 
in  an  unguarded  moment,  any  one  mentioned  the 
number  'seven.'  Why  the  demons  of  distraction 
Would  be  liberated  by  so  simple  an  utterance  does 
not  permit  of  explanation,  even  by  the  most  pro- 
round  Papuan,  but  the  awe  inspired  by  the  mystic 
word  is  very  real  indeed." 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


LORD  BERKELEY  AND  HIGHWAYMEN. 
— Two  years  after  his  adventure  with  the 
highwayman,  which  has  been  described 
previously  in  '  N.  &  Q.?  (see  10  S.  iv.  349, 
415,  495),  Lord  Berkeley  seems  to  have  had 
another  encounter  with  a  gentleman  of  the 
road.  In  vol.  xlvi.  pp.  480-81  of  the 
Gent.  Mag.  the  following  paragraph  appeared  r 

Fri.,  Oct.  18  [1776J.— "  Lord  Berkeley  was  robbed 
near  Salt  Hill  on  the  Reading  road ;  but  his  servant 
soon  coming  up,  pursued  the.  highwayman,  over- 
took him,  and  shot  him  dead." 

Horace  Walpole  speaks  of  "  Earl  Berkeley, 
who  shot  so  many  highwaymen  near  his 
own  house  "  ('  Letters  of  Horace  Walpole,' 
ed.  Mrs.  Toynbee,  xv.  216). 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

"  TRANSCEND  ANT."  (See  9  S.  x.  428  ; 
xi.  15,  71.) — In  The  Edinburgh  Review  for 
October,  1902,  there  was  an  allusion  to 
' '  the  transcendant  financial  genius  of  Mr. 
Gladstone.'1  This  prompted  a  query  at  the 
first  reference  regarding  the  form  "  tran- 
scendant," which  the  querist  was  disposed 
to  deprecate,  and  which  was  not  favoured 
in  the  replies  that  supervened.  Apparently 
the  word  as  it  stood  was  considered  an 
interloper,  and  nothing  was  advanced  in 
support  of  its  use  by  the  Edinburgh  reviewer. 
If  one  may  trust  a  reprint — an  hypothesis 
of  deep  and  poignant  significance — it  is 
possible  to  offer  two  illustrations  now. 
According  to  a  version  of  Coleridge's  '  Table- 
Talk  '  which  is  undated,  but  otherwise  of 
quite  respectable  presence,  the  philosopher, 
on  8  April,  1833,  thus  soliloquized  on  the 
qualities  of  Edmund  Burke  : — 

"  Burke  was,  indeed,  a  great  man.  No  one  ever 
read  history  so  philosophically  as  he  seems  to  have 
done.  Yet,  until  he  could  associate  his  general 
principles  with  some  sordid  interest,  panic  of  pro- 
perty, jacobinism,  &c.,  he  was  a  mere  dinner  bell. 
Hence  you  will  find  so  many  half  truths  in  his 
speeches  and  writings.  Nevertheless,  let  us  heartily 
acknowledge  his  transcendant  greatness." 

At  a  sitting  about  a  fortnight  later  — 
on  24  April,  1833,  to  be  quite  precise  —  the 
two  themes  under  consideration  were 
'  Wedded  Love  in  Shakespeare  and  his  Con- 
temporary Dramatists  *  and  '  Tennyson's 
Poems.'  In  passing  it  may  be  noted  that  in 
regard  to  his  youthful  contemporary's 
metrical  skill  the  sovereign  melodist  of  his 
age  made  some  relevant  and  notable  obser- 
vations. As  usual  with  him  when  concerned 
with  Shakespeare,  what  he  said  was  at  once 
enthusiastic  and  discriminating.  In  all 
our  old  dramatists,  he  warmly  averred, 
you  will  find  in  the  supreme  master  alone 
any  such  thing  as  a  pure  conception  of 


306 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  15, 1910. 


wedded  love.  "  In  this,  as  in  all  things," 
he  finally  exclaimed,  ' '  how  transcendant 
over  his  age  and  his  rivals  was  our  sweet 
Shakespeare  !  "~ 

S.  T.  C.,  of  course,  is  not  responsible  for 
the  orthography  of  '  Table  Talk,'  which  has 
to  be  credited  to  his  sponsor,  H.  N.  Cole- 
ridge, and  in  the  present  case,  alas  !  to 
him  under  the  supervision  that  compasses 
the  evolution  of  a  reprint.  Together,  in  the 
preface  to  the  invaluable  miscellany,  the 
united  authorities  not  only  refer  to  "Mr. 
Dequincey,"  but  characterize  Coleridge's 
"  exhibition  of  intellectual  power  in  living 
discourse"  as  "unique  and  transcendent.*'- 
THOMAS  BAYNE. 

GERMAN  SPELLING  :  OMISSION  OF  H 
AFTER  T. — For  some  years  past  German 
writers  have  dropped  the  silent  h  after  t  in 
such  words  as  Tau,  Teer,  and  Teil  (formerly 
spelt  Thau,  Theer,  Theil}.  But  this  seems 
to  be  overlooked  by  English  writers,  even 
philologists.  In  the  last  edition  of  Prof. 
Skeat's  '  Etymological  Dictionary  '  we  find 
under  '  Dew  '  the  German  given  as  Thau, 
and  under  '  Tar  '  the  German  as  Theer. 

W.  T.  LYNN. 

Blackheath. 

GIBBON  AND  HIBGAME. — A  closer  exam- 
ination of  the  surname  of  the  copyist  of 
Gibbon's  MS.  notes  in  Harwood's  '  View  of 
the  Greek  and  Roman  Classics  '-  (see  ante, 
p.  188)  clearly  reveals  the  fact  that  it  is 
Hibgame,  and  not  "  Hibjame."  Gibbon's 
copyist,  it  is  also  interesting  to  note,  is  the 
great-uncle  of  a  contributor  to  '  N.  &  Q.,' 
Mr.  Frederick  T.  Hibgame. 

Edward  Hibgame  was  the  son  of  John 
Hibgame  and  Catherine  Thurlow,  and  was 
born  at  Burnham  Norton,  Norfolk,  in  1737. 
(His  mother  was  a  daughter  of  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Thurlow,  Rector  of  the  Worthams, 
Suffolk,  and  her  brother  was  the  father  of 
Lord  Chancellor  Thurlow.)  Edward  went 
up  to  Cambridge  at  an  early  age,  and  was 
entered  at  Corpus  College.  His  name  occnrs 
in  the  List  of  Junior  Op  times  in  1760.  He 
took  orders,  and  in  1762  purchased  the  advow- 
son  of  the  benefice  of  Stratton  St.  Michael, 
Norfolk,  to  which  he  presented  himself  in 
the  same  year.  He  lies  buried  under  the 
Communion  table  of  his  church. 

Edward  South  Hibgame,  his  son,  was 
educated  at  the  Charterhouse,  and  went  up 
to  Cambridge,  and  ultimately  became  a 
Fellow  of  Jesus  College  in  1798.  Both 
father  and  son  were  men  of  learning,  and 


the  son  greatly  distinguished  himself  as  a 
Greek  scholar.  A  query  as  to  a  Greek 
Grammar  said  to  have  been  brought  out  by 
him  appeared  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  several  years  ago. 
Edward  South  Hibgame  died  holding  the 
livings  of  Whittlesford,  Cambs,  and  St. 
George  Colegate,  Norwich,  in  1861. 

The  elder  Hibgame,  who  lived  in  an  age 
of  great  private  libraries,  evidently  had  a 
large  library  for  a  country  clergyman,  and 
his  books  seem  to  have  been  dispersed  all 
over  Europe.  The  present  writer,  in  his 
book-hunting  "  expeditions  "  around  London 
in  former  years,  has  seen  numbers  of  leather  - 
bound  volumes  with  the  signature  of  "  Edwd. 
Hibgame  "  on  the  fly-leaves  and  with  MS. 
notes ;  he  has  also  found  them  in  the 
boxes  along  the  quays  of  the  Seine  in  Paris, 
the  side  streets  of  Brussels  and  quaint  old 
Bruges,  and  even  in  the  "antiquarian" 
shops  of  Germany's  leading  book-mart, 
Leipzig.  Some  volumes  from  Hibgame's 
library  have  MS.  notes,  the  perusal  of  which 
proves  that  he  was  personally  acquainted 
and  corresponded  with  a  number  of  dis- 
tinguished literary  men  of  the  eighteenth 
century.  Edward  Hibgame,  like  Beckford 
and  Home  Tooke,  had  the  habit  of  writing 
his  recollections  in  his  books,  and  if  his 
entire  library  could  be  brought  together 
again  no  doubt  a  very  entertaining  volume 
could  be  compiled  from  the  MS.  notes,  on 
'  The  State  of  Learning  and  Literature  in 
England  in  the  Eighteenth  Century.' 

ANDREW  DE  TERNANT. 

25,  Speenham  Road,  Brixton,  S.W. 

BOHEMIANS  AND  GIPSIES.  —  In  the 
'  Memoirs  of  the  Princess  Daschkaw ' 
(Dashkova),  edited  by  her  friend  Mrs.  W. 
Bradford  (Miss  M.  Wilmot),  and  lately  the 
subject  of  inquiry  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  there  is  an 
amusing  passage  in  vol.  i.  p.  42,  illustrating 
a  popular  error  not  yet  entirely  dead,  besides 
showing  the  audacity  of  the  youthful  lady  of 
Court : — 

"  I  happened  to  find  myself  behind  his  majesty's 
[the  luckless  Peter  III.]  chair  during  the  course  of 
some  conversation  which  he  particularly  addressed 
to  the  Austrian   ambassador,  Count  Merci.     He 
was  recounting  a  story  of  his  having  been  sent  by 
his  father  when  at  Kiel,  in  Holstein,  on  an  expedi- 
tion against  the  Bohemians,  whom  he  in  a  moment 
put  to  night  with  a  troop  of  carabineers  and  a 
company  of  foot.       During    the    relation  of 
exploit,    I    perceived    the   Austrian    ambassado 
several  times  change  colour,  apparently  at  a  loss 
how  to  understand  Tiis  majesty,  whether  as  speaJ 
ing  of  the  wandering  Bohemians  or  gipsies  wh< 
live  by  fortune-telling  and  depreda^ns,  or  of  the 

Bohemians,  subjects  of  the  empress  king 

ing,  as  I  was  at  this  moment,  behind  his  majest, 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  15, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


307 


chair,  I  leant  over,  and  in  a  half  whisper  in  Russ, 
humouring  his  notion  of  me  which  I  have  described, 
I  begged  him  not  to  tell  such  stories  to  foreign 
ministers,  for  had  there  been  any  Bohemian  vaga- 
bonds at  Kiel  his  father  would  certainly  have  em- 
ployed the  police  officers  to  have  turned  them  out, 
and  riot  his  highness,  who  was  but  a  child  at  the 
period  alluded  to." 

The  Cechy,  as  Count  Liitzow  and  other 
authorities  have  pointed  out,  have  as  little 
•connexion  with  the  Tsigany  as  the  in- 
habitants of  the  other  numerous  countries 
through  which  Borrow's  friends  wandered. 
It  is  difficult  to  account  for  the  origin  of  the 
term  "Bohemians"  used  in  this  way.  At 
this  time  Dobrovsky,  Jungmann,  and  their 
friends  had  not  yet  begun  the  work  which 
was  eventually  to  raise  Bohemia  from  the 
slough  of  despond  succeeding  the  Thirty 
Years'  War.  FRANCIS  P.  MARCHANT. 

Streatham  Common. 


WE  must  request    correspondents   desiring   fo- 
ation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
.  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"  RALLIE-PAPIER."  —  This  is  given  in 
attr6's  Supplement  of  1877  as  the  French 
name  for  a  "paper-chase."  I  find  that 
many  French  people  think  that  rally-paper 
or  paper-rally  is  or  has  been  the  English 
name,  whence  the  French  is  derived  ;  but 
I  have  failed  to  find  any  trace  of  this.  Does 
any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  know  of  any  such 
English  name  ?  One  thing  that  seems  to 
favour  the  notion  is  that  rallie  alone  is  not 
itself  a  French  word,  while  rally  as  a  sb.  is 
English.  J.  A.  H.  MURRAY. 

Oxford. 

ALLUSIONS  IN  AMERICAN  AUTHORS.  — 
I  am  preparing  a  student's  edition  of 
*  Tales  by  American  Authors  '  in  "  Frey tag's 
Sammlung  franzosischer  und  englischer 
Schriftsteller,"  Leipzig  and  Vienna,  with  an 
introduction  and  notes,  and  shall  feel  very 
much  obliged  for  information  about  some 
matters,  the  explanation  of  which  I  cannot 
get  through  any  of  the  reference  books  that 
are  at  my  disposal. 

The  matters  in  question  are  : — 
1.  E.    A.    Poe   in    '  A   Descent   into    the 
Maelstrom,'  writes  : — 

"  I  looked  dizzily,  and  beheld  a  wide  expanse  of 
ocean,  whose  waters  wore  so  inky  a  hue  as  to  bring 
at  once  to  my  mind  the  Nubian  geographer's 
Account  of  the  Mare  Tenebrarum."  —  Sixth 

[passage. 


Who   was  the  Nubian  geographer  ?     What 
is  the  Mare  Tenebrarum  ? 

2.  Hawthorne,     in     '  Peter   Goldthwaite's 
Treasure,'  speaks  of  "the  man  who  jumped 
down  his  own  throat."     To  what  does  the 
phrase  allude  ? 

3.  Thomas     Bailey     Aldrich     quotes     in 
'  Pere  Antoine's  Date  Palm  ?  : — 

Entre  or  et  roux  Dieu  fit  ses  longs  cheveux. 
What  is  the  origin  of  the  verse  ? 

DR.  MAX  LEDERER. 

Bielitz,  Austria. 

[2.  "To  jump  down  a  man's  throat"  is  to  reply 
very  quickly  to  some  statement  he  has  made, 
or  to  interrupt  him  with  a  contradiction  before  he 
has  had  time  to  finish  an  assertion.  Hawthorne 
appears  to  mean  that  the  man  was  very  angry 
with  himself.] 

GUTENBERG'S  42-LiNE  BIBLE. — In  Von 
der  Linde's  '  History  of  the  Art  of  Printing,' 
vol.  iii.  p.  879  (in  German,  Berlin,  1887),  is 
mentioned  a  lithographic  facsimile  reprint  of 
the  42-line  Gutenberg  (or  Mazarin)  Bible, 
announced  at  that  time  by  an  English  pub- 
lishing firm  at  the  price  of  ten  guineas.  Can 
somebody  tell  me  where  a  record  of  this 
(never -issued)  publication,  or  an  announce- 
ment of  it,  is  to  be  found,  or  who  was  the 
publisher  who  projected  it  ? 

H.  WELTER. 

4.  Rue  Bernard-Palissy,  Paris. 

PORTRAITS  WANTED. — I  should  be  greatly 
obliged  if  any  of  your  readers  could  give 
me  information  as  to  the  existence  or  present 
owner  of  any  of  the  under -mentioned 
portraits  : — 

George  Fox,  the  Quaker,  1624-91. — One 
ascribed  to  Honthorst,  and  lent  by  Mrs.  Watkins 
to  the  National  Portrait  Exhibition  in  1866,  and 
thus  described  in  the  Catalogue  :  "  Bust,  brown 
hat  and  dress,  eyes  and  hands  uplifted,  canvas 
28  in.  by  23  in."  The  authenticity  of  this  por- 
trait has  been  doubted. 

Sir  Jacob  Astley,  Royalist,  1579-1652.  —  A 
portrait  exhibited  in  1866,  the  property  of  Mrs. 
Branfell ;  described  as  "Bust:  cuirass,  small 
white  collar,  left  hand  on  sword-hilt";  canvas 
30  in.  by  27  in. 

Daniel  Defoe,  1661-1731. — A  portrait  by  Knel- 
ler  stated  at  6  S.  v.  465  to  have  been  acquired  by 
Mr.  J.  C.  Laud. 

James  Edward  Oglethorpe,  1696-1785,  Colonist 
of  Georgia,  and  afterwards  M.P.  for  Haslemere. — 
There  is  an  engraving  given  in  Croker's  edition 
of  Boswell's  '  Johnson  '  (1848). 

Robert  Raikes,  1735-1811,  advocate  of  Sunday 
schools. — There  is  a  stipple  engraving  said  to  be 
after  "the  celebrated  Romney." 

Sir  George  Yonge,  1731-1812,  administrator. — 
There  is  said  to  be  a  portrait  by  Reynolds,  sold  in 
1873  to  Mr.  W.  L.  Gauchez. 


808 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES         n  s.  n.  OCT.  15, 1910. 


Are  portraits  known  of  Sir  Arthur  Hesilrige 
or  Haselrig,  Bt.,  Parliamentarian  M.P.  for 
Leicestershire,  who  died  in  1661  in  the 
Tower,  or  of  Feargus  O'Connor,  1794-1855  ? 
A  lithograph  of  the  latter  is  reproduced  in 
Gammage's  'History  of  the  Chartist  Move- 
ment '  (1894),  p.  288. 

Please  reply  direct.       EMERY  WALKER. 

16,  Clifford's  Inn,  Fleet  Street,  E.G. 

JAMES  FEA,  ORKNEY  AUTHOR.  —  James 
Fea,  Surgeon  Royal  Navy,  was  the  author 
of  two  books  on  the  Orkneys,  viz.,  '  The 
Present  State  of  the  Orkney  Islands, l 
printed  in  Holy-Rood  House,  Edinburgh, 
1775,  and  '  Considerations  on  the  Fisheries 
in  the  Scotch  Islands,*  "  Printed  for  the 
author  at  Dover,'*  presumably  in  London, 
1782. 

Can  anybody  kindly  tell  me  the  date  of 
his  death,  and  the  place  where  he  died  ? 
When  the  books  were  written  he  had  retired 
from  the  Navy.  His  name  appears  in  the 
first  list  of  surgeons  published  in  'Steel's 
Navy  List,'  December,  1793,  showing 
seniority  of  1781  ;  and  appears  for  the  last 
time  in  Steel's  list  "  corrected  to  April, 
1796.n  It  is  strange,  however,  that  in  the 
Admiralty  Books  of  Salaries  and  Pensions 
between  the  dates  1781  and  1804  the  name 
nowhere  occurs.  The  Half-Pay  Registers, 
1770  to  1800,  and  the  Admiralty  Indexes, 
Series  III.,  '  Surgeons'  Services/  1742-1815, 
also  have  no  record  of  the  name. 

ALLAN  FEA. 

South  Lodge,  Pinner,  Middlesex. 

"THE  VATCH.  n  —  In  an  -old  pedigree 
appears  "  Catharine,  daughter  of .  .  .  .Fleet- 
wood,  of  the  Vatch,  co.  Hertford."  Can  any 
one  tell  me  the  meaning  of  the  Vatch  ? 

R.  C.  D. 

[Monuments  of  the  Fleetwoods  are  to  be  found 
in  Chalfont  St.  Giles  Church,  Bucks,  and  a  little 
way  from  that  village  is  the  Vache,  which  belonged 
to  that  family,  and  "  seems,"  says  Mr.  E.  S. 
Roscoe  in  the  Little  Guide  to  Buckinghamshire, 
"  to  derive  its  name  from  the  family  of  De  la 
Vache,  who  acquired  the  property  in  1360." 
We  have  always  supposed  that  "  the  Vache  " 
means  the  cow  farm,  from  Latin  vacca.  Other 
authorities  speak  of  the  place  as  a  dairy  farm  in  the 
reign  of  King  John,  and  the  Vache  family  may 
have  taken  their  name  from  the  place,  as  Mr. 
C.  K.  Shorter  suggests.  See  his  '  Highways  and 
Byways  in  Buckinghamshire,'  p.  166.] 

'  THE  BUCCANEER,'  A  TALE  OF  THE  ISLE  OF 
SHEPPEY.— Can  any  one  give  particulars 
of  a  story,  published  under  this  title  about 
sixty  years  ago,  dealing  with  the  Isle  of 
Sheppey  in  Cromwell's  time  ?  It  appears 
to  be  a  different  book  from  '  The  Buccaneer,' 


written  by  Edward  Howard,  published 
1842,  which  is  an  account  of  the  career  of 
the  famous  pirate  Sir  Henry  Morgan. 

E.  A.  B. 
Central  Public  Library,  Woolwich. 

CLOCKS  AND  THEIR  MAKERS.  —  I  am 
engaged  on  a  new  edition  of  '  Old  Clocks 
and  Watches  and  their  Makers,1  and  should 
be  glad  to  have  particulars  of  any  additions 
or  corrections.  Please  reply  direct. 

F.  J.  BRITTEN. 

1,  Silverdale  Avenue,  Westcliff-on-Sea,  Essex. 

ST.  CATHARINE'S  COLLEGE,  CAMBRIDGE  t 
ITS  ARMS.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  give 
the  authority  for  the  statement  in  Le  Neve's- 
'  Fasti  Ecclesise  Anglicanse  *  (Oxford,  1854), 
vol.  iii.  687,  that  "  the  arms  of  n  St.  Catha- 
rine's College,  Cambridge,  "  are  thus  blazoned: 
Sable,  a  Catharine  wheel  or  n  ?  J.  B.  B. 

Cambridge. 

SIDNEY  CASTLE. — Can  any  one  tell  me 
where  Sidney  Castle  is  ?  I  have  looked  up 
many  books  on  the  castles  of  England, 
but  cannot  find  it.  I  do  not  think  it  is  an 
historical  castle.  Any  information  about 
it  will  be  greatly  appreciated. 

H.  F.  MARTYN. 

'THE  HEROINE.' — A  poem   (c.    1635-55) 
entitled  '  Oh  the  Heroinse  '  begins  : — 
Here 's  a  brave  looking-glass,  where  we  may  see 
Death  swallow'd  up  by  Fame's  Eternitie  : 
This  is  the  conjuring  Mirrour,  that  presents 
Our  Dying  Dames  with  living  Monuments. 

What  work  is  referred  to  ? 

G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 

'  LITTLE  BOOKE  OF  THE  PERFECTION  OF 
WOEMEN.' — Can  any  one  identify  the  above 
work,  referred  to  in  a  letter  c.  1651,  and  there- 
said  to  be  written  "  by  a  learned  Gentleman, 
now  in  Heaven  "  ?  G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 
Sheffield. 

"  PEONY-ROYAL." — I  do  not  find  this 
(apparently  a  form  of  "pennyroyal")  in 
the  '  N.E.D.,1  but  it  occurs  several  times  in 
an  anonymous  work,  '  Notable  Things  ;  or, 
New  Curiosities  of  Art  and  Nature,'-  bound 
up  with  a  larger  work,  '  Arcana  Curiosa  * 
(purporting  to  be  a  translation  from 
Lemery),  published  in  1711.  Is  it  known  i 
to  occur  elsewhere  ?  C.  C.  B. 

CALAIS   LOST  FOR  LACK  OF  MUSTARD.— 
In    looking    through    a    number    of    seven- 
teenth-century books  the  other  day,  I  cam« 
across  an  expression  which  seemed  new  t 
me,  but  I  neglected  to  note  the  book. 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  is,  1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


309 


Speaking  of  the  two  sorts  of  sieges,  one 
when  the  place  is  taken  by  storm,  and  the 
other  when  it  is  surrounded  so  carefully  that 
the  garrison  capitulate  through  lack  of  food, 
the  author  adds,  with  reference  to  the  latter 
case,  "  as  Calais  (so  the  French  say)  was  lost 
for  lack  of  mustard."  Is  this  proverbial  ? 

DIEGO. 

ALL  SOULS  COLLEGE,  OXFOBD,  AND  THE 
DUKE  OF  WHARTON. — It  is  stated  in  'The 
Romance  of  the  Oxford  Colleges,1  by  Francis 
Gribble  (published  1910),  that  Blackstone, 
author  of  the  Commentaries,  Fellow  and 
Bursar  of  All  Souls,  "  served  his  College  by 
compelling  the  executors  of  the  Duke  of 
Wharton  to  pay  over  to  it  a  donation  pro- 
mised by  him  at  the  instance  of  Edward 
Young  "  (author  of  '  Night  Thoughts,'  and 
also  a  Fellow  of  All  Souls).  It  is  generally 
surmised  that  the  Duke  died  penniless  in  a 
Spanish  monastery,  and  that  his  estates  were 
forfeited ;  but  it  appears  otherwise  from 
Mr.  Gribble' s  statement.  What  was  the 
amount  of  the  donation  received  by  the 
College  ?  Where  may  the  will  of  the  Duke 
of  Wharton  be  found,  and  who  were  his 
executors  ?  CURIOUS. 

LESNES  ABBEY:  ABBOT  ELYAS. — I  have 
just  returned  from  avisit  to  the  most  interest- 
ing remains  of  this  ancient  building,  which 
have  been  laid  bare  by  the  intelligent 
operations  of  the  Woolwich  Antiquarian 
Society.  Many  of  the  "  finds 51  are  of  a 
most  important  character,  showing  the 
church  to  have  been  very  nearly  of  the  size 
(in  width  at  all  events)  of  Westminster 
Abbey,  whilst  Dr.  Stukeley  in  the  middle  of 
the  eighteenth  century  issued  a  plan  show- 
ing as  the  church  a  building  which  was 
really  the  refectory  of  the  abbey. 

A  cross-legged  effigy  of  a  member  of  the 
De  Lucy  family  of  Newington,  and  of 
founder's  kin,  has  been  discovered.  The 
surcoat  denotes  its  period,  and  I  am  of  the 
opinion  that  it  represents  one  of  three 
brothers,  sons  of  Geoffrey  de  Lucy,  who 
fought  at  the  siege  of  Caerlaverock  in  1300. 
This  still  retains  considerable  traces  of  the 
original  gilding  and  brilliant  colouring. 

Another  interesting  recovery  is  that  of  the 
stone  coffin-lid  of  an  early  abbot.  In  the 
centre  is  deeply  sculptured  an  abbot's 
crosier,  having  on  one  side,  in  Lombardic 
characters,  the  word  "  Abbas,*1  and  on  the 
other  "  Elyas." 

There  have  also  been  brought  to  light 
many  fragments  of  ancient  coloured  glass 
and  scores  of  mediaeval  glazed  and  ornamental 


tiles.  I  should  be  glad  to  have  some  par- 
ticulars of  Abbot  Elyas,  and  also  of  the 
original  of  the  knightly  effigy,  if  such  are 
available.  WM.  NORMAN. 

Plum  stead. 

SAINT'S  CLOAK  HANGING  ON  A  SUNBEAM. — 
Where  can  I  find  the  story  of  the  saint  who 
hung  his  cloak  on  a  sunbeam  ?  Leland 
alludes  to  it  at  p.  7  of  his  '  Gypsy  Sorcery  * 
(1891),  but  gives  no  details. 

P.  ZILLWOOD  ROUND. 
8,  Linden  Mansions,  Hornsey  Lane,  N. 

CARLYLE  ON  SINGING  AT  WORK. — Where 
can  I  find  in  Carlyle's  works  "  Give,  O  give 
me,  the  man  who  sings  at  his  work  !  "  ? 

THOMAS  FLINT. 

BlRDS  FALLING  DEAD  AT  SOLDIERS1 
SHOUTS. — General  Bardin  in  his  work  on  the 
Army,  17  vols.,  under  "  cri "  in  vol.  iii., 
wrote  this  : — 

"Tite-Live  re"pete  1'histoire  invraisemblable 
de  1'historien  Caelius,  qui  pretend  qu'aux  cris  des 
soldats  de  Scipion  les  oiseaux  qui  volaient 
au-dessus  de  I'arm^e  tombaient  morts." 
Is  this  not  a  confusion  of  Plutarch's  story  in 
his  life  of  FJamininus  with  something  else, 
a  mere  blunder  which  Larousse  took  seri- 
ously ?  THOMAS  FLINT. 

Paris. 

MILTON  ON  PLAGIARISM. — Where  can  I 
find  a  somewhat  lengthy  passage  in  which 
Milton  gives  his  views  concerning  literary 
plagiarism  ?  ALDOBRAND  OLDENBUCK. 

SHAKESPEARE  :  ALEXANDRINES.  —  Prof. 
Saintsbury,  in  '  The  Cambridge  History  of 
English  Literature,1  vol.  v.,  says  that  alex- 
andrines are  frequent  in  the  mature  plays  of 
Shakespeare,  e.g.  in  '  Hamlet.*  But  is  this 
so  ?  In  '  Hamlet J  are  there  more  than  four 
alexandrines  at  the  very  most,  viz.,  I.  ii.  90, 
I.  v.  93,  IV.  v.  82,  V.  ii.  68  ?  And  in  the 
other  plays,  apart  from  verses  that  are 
represented,  by  dramatic  supposition,  as 
quotations,  or  are  composed  with  a  view 
to  stiltedness,  are  not  alexandrines  exceed- 
ingly rare  ?  It  appears  to  me  that,  so  far 
from  being  frequent,  they  are  persistently 
avoided  by  Shakespeare.  EURIBEK. 

LONGFELLOW'S  '  EXCELSIOR  '  IN  PIGEON 
ENGLISH.  —  A  very  clever  translation  of 
Longfellow's  '  Excelsior  '  into  Pigeon  English 
was  published  in  the  newspapers  some  years 
ago,  the  refrain  "  Excelsior  "  being  rendered 
"Topside  galore." 

I  should  be  very  grateful  to  any  one  who 
would  help  me  to  trace  it,  and  let  me  know 
how  it  can  be  obtained.  J.  F.  F. 


310 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  is,  1910. 


BUILDEKS  IN  DEVONSHIRE,  1812-30. — 
I  shall  be  much  indebted  to  any  reader  of 
*  N.  &  Q.'  who  can  suggest  a  source  from 
which  can  be  learnt  the  names  of  the  con- 
tractors who  built  the  Military  Hospital  at 
Stoke  Devonport,  barracks,  dockyard,  and 
other  public  works  circa  1812-30,  in  Ply- 
mouth, &c.  DEVONIAN. 

CBOSSES. — I  beg  that  some  person  will 
tell  me  the  title  and  the  publisher  of  a  book 
describing  and  naming  various  kinds  of 
crosses.  JOHN  MILNE,  LL.D. 

Aberdeen. 

[Parker's  'Glossary  of  Terms  used  in  Heraldry' 
has  a  list,  with  illustrations.] 

SIB  PATRICK  TBANT,  BT.,  was  Com- 
missioner of  Revenue,  Ireland,  and  accom- 
panied James  II.  to  France.  Can  any  reader 
give  me  information  about  his  descendants  ? 
His  eldest  son  John  is  said  to  have  been 
murdered  in  London  in  1702,  and  a  son 
James  killed  at  the  siege  of  Cork.  His  widow 
Helen  in  her  will,  dated  1721,  mentions  a 
son  Lawrence.  Did  the  latter  go  to  the 
West  Indies  ?  and  did  any  of  these  or  other 
sons  leave  any  issue  ? 

I  have  collected  a  great  deal  of  infor- 
mation about  this  family,  but  cannot  trace 
any  of  them  back  quite  so  far.  Please  reply 
direct.  (Miss)  L.  MOBIABTY. 

35,  Manor  Park,  Lee,  Kent. 

'  MONSIEUB      TONSON  '  :        ITS     AUTHOB. 

John  Taylor  on  the  title-page  of  '  Records 
of  my  Life,'  1832,  is  given  as  the  author  of 
'  Monsieur  Tonson,'  and  of  course  W.  T. 
Moncrieff  had  a  farce  of  that  title  done  at 
Drury  Lane  Theatre,  20  September,  1821. 
At  least  it  is  credited  to  him,  and  on  the 
printed  play  his  name  alone  stands.  Moncrieff 
was  a  notorious  purloiner  of  other  men's 
works,  and  it  would  be  interesting  to  know 
whether  or  not  John  Taylor,  a  journalist  and 
editor  of  unimpeachable  reputation,  really 
was  the  writer.  S.  J.  A.  F. 

OATH  OF  HIPPOCBATES.— I  should  be  much 
obliged,  for  the  information  where  the  exact 
wording  of  the  oath  of  Hippocrates  framed 
for  the  healer  of  human  ailments  before  com- 
mencing his  duties  can  be  found. 

(Dr.)  H.  HOOLE. 

LOBD     HOWABD     OF     EFFINGHAM's     FlBST 

WIFE.— The  first  wife  of  the  first  Lord 
Howard  of  Emngham  was  Anne,  sister  and 
co-heir  of  John  de  Broughton,  or  Boughton. 
Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  supply  her 
arms  and  the  quarterings  she  was  entitled 
to  transmit,  if  any  ?  J.  E.  T. 


QUEEN  VICTORIA  AND   GEORGE 
PEABODY'S  FUNERAL. 

(11   S.   ii.   247.) 

THE  American  booklet  entitled  '  Little 
Journeys  to  the  Homes  of  Great  Business 
Men  '  does  not  contain  a  correct  account  of 
the  funeral  or  embarkation.  The  Queen 
did  not  attend  the  funeral  in  person,  but 
was  represented  in  Westminster  Abbey  by 
General  Grey.  The  body  was  not  attended 
to  the  Abbey  by  the  Royal  Guard. 

It  is  as  well  to  correct  other  errors.  Pea- 
body  died  on  4  November,  1869,  at  Eaton 
Square,  the  residence  of  Sir  Curtis  Lampson, 
one  of  his  executors.  It  was  well  known 
to  his  executors  that  he  had  given  directions 
that  his  body  should  be  taken  to  America, 
and  laid  in  the  tomb  which  he  had  built  in 
Danvers,  and  in  which  he  had  placed  the 
body  of  his  mother.  On  his  death  there 
was  such  a  strong  public  feeling  expressed 
in  all  quarters  that  there  should  be  a  funeral 
service  performed  over  his  coffin  in  the  Abbey 
before  its  removal  to  America  that  the 
executors  gave  their  consent.  The  carriages 
of  the  Queen  and  the  Prince  of  Wales,  and  of 
a  large  number  of  others,  followed  the  hearse 
from  Eaton  Square  to  the  Abbey.  The 
Lord  Mayor  and  Sheriffs  in  their  official 
robes,  Gladstone  (then  Prime  Minister), 
the  Earl  of  Clarendon  (the  Foreign  Secre- 
tary), and,  as  I  have  said,  General  Grey  in 
private  dress,  and  a  large  number  of  other 
distinguished  persons,  attended  the  funeral. 
The  coffin  was  put  into  an  opening  in  the 
ground  only  three  feet  deep  merely  as  a 
resting-place  while  H.M.S.  Monarch  was 
being  got  ready  to  take  the  body  to  America. 
The  Monarch  was  accompanied  by  the 
United  States  corvette  Plymouth. 

The  greatest  honour  was  paid  by  all  classes 
to  the  remains  of  this  distinguished  Ame- 
rican citizen,  not  only  in  London,  but  at 
Portsmouth  also.  If  C.  E.  R.  has  not 
The  Times  or  other  newspapers  of  the  day 
to  refer  to,  he  will  find  an  account  of  the 
funeral  and  embarkation  in  '  The  Annual 
Register'  for  1869— '  Chronicle,'  pp.  128 
and  144.  I  have  referred  to  The  Times 
of  13  November  and  13  December,  1869.  In 
The  Times  of  13  December  there  are  letters 
from  Victor  Hugo  and  Louis  Blanc  eulo- 
gizing the  character  of  George  Peabody,  and 
the  latter  stated  that  his  death  was 
"public  calamity  in  which  the  whole 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  15, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


311 


civilized  world  ought  to  share."  I  can  find 
no  mention  of  any  French  gunboat  having 
accompanied  the  other  two  vessels.  The 
Prime  Minister  and  the  Foreign  Secretary 
did  not  go  to  Portsmouth. 

HABBY  B.  POLAND. 
Inner  Temple. 

The  "American  booklet"  is  clearly  in- 
accurate in  some  of  its  statements.  Queen 
Victoria  did  not  attend  the  funeral  in  person 
though  she  sent  her  carriage,  and  was 
represented  by  General  Grey  in  plain  clothes. 
Both  Gladstone  and  Lord  Clarendon  were 
present,  but  not  as  pall -bearers  so  far 
as  I  can  discover.  They  and  General  Grey, 
together  with  the  Lord  Mayor,  Sheriffs, 
and  Under -Sheriffs,  sat  inside  the  rails  of 
the  Communion  table.  The  other  mourners 
sat  on  each  side  of  the  Sacrarmm. 

WlLLOUGHBY   MAYCOCK. 

Peabody's  remains  lay  for  a  month  in  the 
west  end  of  Westminster  Abbey  nave  (close  to 
the  site  where  the  statue  of  his  supporter,  the 
seventh  Earl  of  Shaftesbury,  now  stands) 
before  being  removed  for  reinterment  in 
Massachusetts.  A  stone  in  the  floor  of  the 
nave  marks  the  spot.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

[SCOTUS  and  MR  J.  B.  WAINEWEIGHT  also  thanked 
for  replies.  ] 

BEAVEB-LEAS  (11  S.  ii.  263). — Permit  me 
to  add  a  few  remarks  upon  this  interesting 
article.  The  explanation  by  Isaac  Taylor 
in  '  N.  &  Q.'  (9  S.  vi.  6)  is  certainly  wrong. 
See  Taylor's  '  Names  and  their  Histories,' 
1896,  p.  68,  where  no  fewer  than  four  origins 
of  the  name  are  suggested,  of  which  three 
are  wrong,  and  the  fourth  gives  only  the 
Icelandic,  not  the  Anglo-Saxon  form. 

Taylor  suggests  (1)  lacu,  a  pool ;  (2)  lagu, 
a  stream  ;  (3)  Icel.  Iceki,  a  brook  ;  (4)  led 
(error  for  leah),  a  field. 

(1)  The  A.-S.  lacu,  a  pool  (rather  a  lake), 
is  not  a  Teutonic  word,    but    merely    the 
L.  lacus  in  English  spelling.     In  French  it 
was  spelt  lac,  and  our  present  E.  lake  is  the 
same  word,  either  from  A.F.  or  A.-S.,  but 
in  either  case  from  Latin  ;   see  Lake,  sb.  (4), 
in  the  '  N.E.D.' 

(2)  The   A.-S.    lagu,    sea,    stream,    is   the 
Teutonic  equivalent  of  the  preceding,   and 
usually    became    law    in    Middle    English. 
But  sometimes  it  became  lay,  as  in  modern 
East  Anglian.     Nevertheless,   it  is  not  the 
-ley    in    Beverley.     It    is    discussed    under 
Lay,  sb.  (1),  in  the  '  N.E.D.' 

(3)  The  Icel.  Iceki  is  a  mistake  for  Icekr,  a 
stream ;  it  is  cognate  with  another  A.-S..  lacu, 


a  stream,  which  is  quite  distinct  from  the 
borrowed  lacu  noted  above.  It  is  a  true 
Teutonic  word,  allied  to  the  verb  "  to  leak," 
and  meant  a  stream  issuing  from  a  mere. 
This  is  the  word  we  want  ;  it  is  Lake,  sb.  (3), 
in  the  '  N.E.D.'  Prof.  Earle  ('  Land 
Charters,'  p.  465)  says:  "This  lake  for 
running  water  is  a  genuine  English  word, 
and  is  still  widely  current  in  the  West  of 
England,  in  Devon  and  Somerset,  and  pro- 
bably Dorsetshire."  In  the  '  E.D.D.*  it  is 
Lake,  sb.  (2),  a  brook,  rivulet,  or  stream 
(allied  to  lache  in  sense  3),  and  is  known  in 
Hants,  Wilts,  Dorsetshire,  and  Cornwall, 
as  well  as  in  Devon  and  Somerset  ;  and 
even  in  Cumberland  and  South  Wales. 
It  is  usually  aDplied  to  small  streams  and 
brooks. 

(4)  The  form  Beverley  is  certainly  modern, 
due  to  the  substitution  of  lea  or  ley  (A.-S. 
leah)  for  the  older  suffix  -lac,  w^hich  happens 
to  be  correct.  I  find  Beverlac  several  times 
in  the  Inquisitiones  post  Mortem,  which  is 
quite  right  as  it  stands.  It  does  not  mean 
either  "  beaver -pool  "  or  "  beaver -lea,"  but 
stands  for  "  beaver -brook."  And  surely 
beavers  preferred  a  brook  to  a  pasture. 

It  will  now  be  seen  that  Beverley  Brook 
really  means  "  beaver-brook  brook,5'  the 
"  brook  "  being  added,  as  in  very  many  like 
instances,  when  the  suffix  came  to  be  no 
longer  intelligible. 

It  is  impossible  that  the  A.-S.  Leah  (gen. 
leages)  could  ever  have  been  represented  by 
lac.  It  is  thus  that  Canon  Taylor's  ety- 
mologies break  down.  He  had  no  know- 
ledge of  the  history  of  English  sounds  ; 
and  there  are  many  others  who  are  in  a  like 
case.  WALTEB  W.  SKEAT. 

GLADSTONE  AT  WILMSLOW  (11  S.  ii.  224). 
— DB.  FOBSHAW  quotes,  among  "  some  of  the 
misstatements "  to  which  he  alludes  in 
connexion  with  the  brief  sojourn  at  Wilms- 
low  Rectory  of  Mr.  Gladstone  when  a 
young  man,  the  following  : — 

"  '  On  January  13th,  1828,  '  Gulielmus  Ewart 
Gladstone  '  was  admitted  as  a  commoner  of  Christ 
Church ....  For  some  months,  however,  after 
leaving  Eton,  he  resided  and  read  at  the  Cheshire 
rectory  of  Wilmslow  with  Dr.  Turner,  himself  a 
Christ  Church  man  ;  but  in  October,  1828,  he 
went  up,  and  then  commenced  the  '  University 
Career.'— Sir  Wemyss  Reid,  1899." 

This  quotation  is  from  "  The  Life  of 
William  Ewart  Gladstone,  edited  by  Sir 
Wemyss  Reid,"  and  written  by  various 
hands,  whose  names  are  fully  set  forth  on  the 
contents  pages.  It  was  iny  lot  to  con- 
tribute the  first  chapter — '  Mr.  Gladstone's 
Ancestry  and  Early  Years ' — from  which 


312 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        in  s.  n.  OCT.  is,  1910. 


DB.  FOBSHAW  has  taken  this  extract ;  and 
I  much  regret  to  be  included  among  those 
who  have  made  "  misstatements >s  con- 
cerning this  short  but  interesting  episode 
in  the  great  statesman's  career.  But  am  I 
guilty,  even  according  to  DB.  FOBSHAW'S 
showing  ?  He  gives  a  letter  from  Miss 
Gladstone  which  states  : — 

"  Mr.  Gladstone  left  Eton  December,  1827  ; 
matriculated  at  Oxford  January  23rd,  1828  ; 
arrived  at  Wilmslow  January  24th,  1828  ;  left 
Wilmslow  April  llth,  1828 .\  .  .began  residence 
at  Oxford  October  10th,  1828." 

In  all  these  statements,  only  one  conflicts 
in  the  slightest  degree  with  mine,  and  that 
is  the  giving  of  23  January  instead  of 
13  January,  1828,  as  the  date  of  admission 
at  Oxford.  But  the  alleged  ' '  misstatements ' ' 
are  in  connexion  with  the  Gladstone  stay 
at  Wilmslow,  and  none  such  were  made  by 
me. 

It  is  interesting  to  add  one  further  quota- 
tion on  this  subject  from  a  Gladstone  bio- 
graphy which  DB.  FOBSHAW  has  missed, 
but  which  is  of  special  significance  because 
it "  contains  the  statesman's  own  account 
of  the  episode  : — 

"  Gladstone  left  Eton  at  Christmas,  1827.  He 
read  for  six  months  with  private  tutors,  one  of 
whom  was  Dr.  Turner,  afterwards  Bishop  of  Cal- 
cutta. With  reference  to  this  part  of  his  life,  he 
wrote  : — '  I  resided  with  Dr.  Turner  at  Wilmslow 
(m  Cheshire)  from  January  till  a  few  months 
later.  My  residence  with  him  was  cut  off  by  his 

appointment  to  the  Bishopric  of  Calcutta My 

companions  were  the  present  (1877)  Bishop  of 
Sodor  and  Man,  and  Sir  C.  A.  Wood,  Deputy- 
Chairman  of  the  G.W.  Railway.  We  employed 
our  spare  time  in  gymnastics,  in  turning,  and  in 
rambles.'" — George  W.  E.  Russell  (1891). 

This  will  show  that  Lord  Morley  of  Black- 
burn's alleged  "  misstatement  "  was  textu- 
ally  derived  from  the  written  words  of  Mr. 
Gladstone  himself — a  fact  assuredly  to  be 
pleaded  in  defence  of  the  biographer. 

AUTBED  F.  ROBBINS. 

MAJOB  HUDSON  OB  HODSON  AT  ST. 
HELENA  (11  S.  ii.  169,  251).— Major  Hodson, 
afterwards  Colonel  of  the  Company's  corps 
of  infantry  at  St.  Helena,  married  a  daughter 
of  Sir  William  Doveton,  to  whose  house  at 
St.  Helena  —  Mount  Pleasant  —  Napoleon 
often  went. 

"  A  brow  of  the  hill  close  to  the  Briars,  to  which 
Napoleon  generally  walked  of  an  evening  when 
he  was  staying  there,  overlooked  Colonel  Hodson's 
garden,  and  if  the  Hodsons  were  there  by  them- 
selves he  frequently  came  down  to  see  them. 
Once  he  came  the  night  of  a  ball  at  Government 
House,  and  expressed  his  surprise  at  Mrs.  Hodson 
preferring  to  stay  at  home  with  her  children.  He 
complimented  her  on  having  such  a  fine-looking  man 


for  her  husband  (Col.  Hodson  was  6  foot  4  inches, 
and  broad  in  proportion),  and  played  with  the 
children,  for  whom  he  had  brought  sugar-plums 
in  his  pocket.  A  short  tune  after,  Napoleon 
invited  the  Hodsons  to  dine  with  him  at  Long- 
wood  . . .  .Mrs.  Hodson  sat  on  his  right  hand,  and  he 
was  very  polite  to  her,  and  during  the  dessert  he 
collected  a  number  of  good  things  before  him  and 
desired  Las  Cases  to  send  for  a  sheet  of  paper  and 
fold  them  up  for  her  to  take  to  her  children." 

These  details  are  taken  from  Sir  Henry 
Russell's  account  of  his  visit  to  St.  Helena 
in  1821,  which  I  have  given  in  my  '  Swallow- 
field  and  its  Owners."  Sir  William  Doveton, 
with  whose  family,  including  the  Hodsons, 
Napoleon  was  so  intimate,  was  a  connexion 
of  Sir  Henry  Russell's  wife. 

CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 
Swallowfield  Park,  Reading. 

HEBB-WOMAN  TO  THE  KING  (11  S.  i.  265, 
373  ;  ii.  256).— In  '  Coronation  Anecdotes,' 
by  "  Giles  Gossip  "  (1823),  we  read  :— 

"  The  herb-women  entered  the  Hall  from  the 
south  end  before  Eight  o'clock.  Miss  Fellowes, 
the  principal  herb-woman,  was  led  in  by  Mr. 
Fellowes  ;  and  the  six  young  ladies,  her  assistants, 
followed  two  and  two ....  They  were  elegantly 
dressed  in  white,  tastefully  decorated  with  flowers. 
Miss  Fellowes  wore,  in  addition  to  the  same  dress, 
a  scarlet  mantle.  At  eight  o'clock  three  large 
baskets  were  brought  into  the  Hall,  filled  with 
flowers,  for  them  to  bear." 

G.  W.  E.  R. 

"  TENDEBLING  "  :  '  BABE  CHBISTABEL  * 
(11  S.  ii.  267).— The  stanza, 

They  snatched  our  little  tenderling, 
So  shyly  opening  into  view, 
Delighted,  as  the  children  do 
The  primrose  that  is  first  in  spring, 

which  does  not  occur  in  the  early  editions 
of  '  Babe  Christabel,*  is  to  be  found  in  the 
collected  edition  of  Massey's  poems,  '  My 
Lyrical  Life  *  (Kegan  Paul,  Trench  &  Co., 
1889),  First  Series,  p.  13. 

M.  A.  M.  MACALISTEB. 
Cambridge. 

GUILDHALL:  OLD  STATUES  (11  S.  i.  208, 
333,  376 ;  ii.  252). — Thomas  Banks,  the 
sculptor,  was  the  eldest  son  of  William 
Banks,  the  land  steward  and  surveyor  of  the 
Duke  of  Beaufort ;  and  I  presume  there  was 
no  relationship  between  him  and  the  Bankes 
family  of  Kingston  Lacy. 

Corfe  Castle  surrendered  at  8  o'clock  in 
the  morning  of  27  February,  1645/6,  to  Col. 
John  Bingham,  Governor  of  Poole  for  the 
Parliament.  The  fortress  fell  at  the  last 
through  the  treachery  of  one  of  the  garrison, 
Lieut. -Col.  Thomas  Pittman,  who  hood- 
winked Col.  Henry  Anketell,  D.D.,  the 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  is,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


313 


Royalist  governor,  into  admitting  50  of  the 
Weymouth  garrison  under  the  impression 
that  they  were  loyal  men  of  Somerset. 
Oliver  Cromwell  was  not  himself  present  at 
Corfe  ;  but  before  14  February  a  party  of 
120  Cavaliers  under  Col.  Cromwell  (probably 
James  Cromwell,  eldest  son  of  Henry, 
Oliver's  senior  first-cousin)  had  made  a 
gallant  attempt  to  relieve  the  castle.  They 
marched  through  Col.  Cooke's  quarters  un- 
discovered, and  came  to  Wareham.  Pre- 
tending to  be  a  troop  of  Fairfax's  Horse, 
whose  scarves  they  were  wearing,  they  rode 
into  the  town  to  the  governor's  house.  Col. 
Robert  Butler,  the  governor,  was  ultimately 
captured,  and  sent  captive  to  Corfe,  whence 
he  soon  escaped.  But  the  victorious  Royal- 
ists were  in  their  turn  beaten  out  of  Wareham 
by  Cooke,  who  took  their  commander -in- 
chief  and  some  others  prisoners. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

GREENWICH  MARKET,  1740  (11  S.  ii.  209).— 
The  old  oil  painting  in  the  possession  of  the 
REV.  HENRY  HUGHES  CRAWLEY  is,  I  think, 
unique,  and  I  am  fairly  well  up  in  Greenwich 
bibliography.  Unfortunately,  the  date  is 
an  awkward  one  for  local  history.  In  the 
list  of  freeholders  taken  in  1697  the  name 
of  James  Walker  does  not  occur,  or  any  one 
of  that  common  surname.  In  a  Chancery 
suit  of  1693,  in  which  the  names  of  those 
rated  to  the  poor  appear,  there  is  no  Walker. 
The  rate-books  do  not  begin  till  1755,  and 
among  twelve  ratepayers  in  "The  Market 
Place  ?1  there  is  no  Walker.  I  have  con- 
sulted several  lists  of  names,  but  without 
success.  There  remain  the  church  registers 
and  the  wills  in  Somerset  House.  Should 
I  discover  any  evidence,  I  will  forward  it 
to  MR.  CRAWLEY  direct.  A.  RHODES. 

The  woodcuts  in  old  guide-books  are  some- 
times useful,  as  representing  paintings  which 
have  disappeared.  Two  such  guide-books 
might  be  referred  to,  namely,  Richardson's 
|  Greenwich  :  its  History,*  London,  1834,  and 
The  Pictorial  Guide  to  Greenwich,1  London, 
1844.  In  addition  to  these,  articles  in 
Bentley's  Miscellany,  1842,  vol.  xi.,  and 
The  Antiquary,  1884,  vol.  x.,  might  be  con- 
sulted. W.  S.  S. 

PRINKNASH  (US.  ii.  228).— Hall,  in  his 
{Local  Names  of  Gloucestershire,1  gives 
"  Prinknash.  Point  Nose,  the  ridge  south 
of  the  present  residence."  Canon  Bazeley, 
in  his  *  History  of  Prinknash  Park,1  states  :— 

"  Prinknash  is  also  written  Prinknesse,  Prinke- 
nesche,  and  Brinknash  in  the  abbey  records.  P  and 
B  are  always  interchangeable,  especially  in  parts  of 


England  bordering  on  Wales.  The  first  syllable 
suggests  the  brink  of  the  hill ;  but  whether  the 
latter  syllable  is  '  ash '  and  refers  to  some  '  ash 
grove '  in  the  midst  of  the  surrounding  beeches,  as 
the  spelling  seems  to  imply,  or  'edge,'  as  the  pro- 
nunciation suggests,  I  must  leave  to  better  judges. 

I  believe  that  'Prinknash,'  in  1129,  was  the 

name  of  the  ridge  between  High  Broadridge  and 
Kymsbury,  and  that  it  was  in  later  times  that  it 
came  to  be  applied  to  the  land  on  the  northern 
slope." 

ROLAND  AUSTIN. 
Public  Library,  Gloucester. 

Among  the  earliest  forms  of  this  local 
name  are  Prinkenesse  and  Prinkenesche, 
which  occur  (c.  1125)  in  a  list  of  donations 
to  the  Benedictine  Abbey  of  St.  Peter's, 
Gloucester.  Variant  corruptions,  such  as 
Prynkemarsh,  are  to  be  found  in  1527.  In 
letters  of  1643  Princenage  and  Prinknedge 
occur.  Although  the  ash  tree  rarely  develops 
well  in  the  locality  nowadays,  and  the  beech 
is  lord  of  this  portion  of  Cotteswold,  the 
ash  may  have  been  more  remarkable  in 
other  days.  Neighbouring  fields  are  called 
"  The  Nash  "  and  "  Great  Nash.n  Further 
off  we  have  Nash  quarry,  near  Brockhampton. 
Some  have,  however,  suggested  Ness  and 
Nass  (A.-S.  Nces),  owing  -to  the  projecting 
escarpment -line  here,  and  to  the  fact  of  the 
term  occurring  in  this  sense  further  down 
the  Severn  valley.  It  is  locally  pronounced 
precisely  as  if  it  were  spelt  Prinich,  Gael, 
to  pin.  ST.  CLAIR  BADDELEY. 

In  Nash's  '  Worcestershire,1  ii.  19,  the 
following  appears  under  Kempsey  : — 

"  John,  the  son  of  Rafe  de  Ashe,  held  three  yards 
(sic)  of  land  in  Kereswell ;  which  lands  were 
vulgarly  called  'The  Nash.'  The  name  of  Nash 
hath  been  of  great  antiquity  in  this  parish.  In  the 
Bishop's  Domesday,  Robertus  de  Fraxino,  in  Eng- 
lish, Robert  of  the  Ash,  otherwise  Robert  Nash, 
held  lands  in  this  manor." 

Bardsley,  in  his  '  English  Surnames, * 
states,  under  '  Local  Surnames,'-  that  "  'Nash  * 
is  but  put  for  '  atten-Ash.1 1: 

On  another  page  he  writes  : — 

"'Atte'  (Saxon)  was  'at  the,'  answering  to  the 
Norman  'de  la,'  'del,'  or  '  du,' and  was  familiarly 
contracted,  by  our  forefathers,  into  the  other  forms 
of  '  ate'  and  '  att,'  or,  for  the  sake  of  euphony,  when 
a,  vowel  preceded  the  name  proper,  extended  to 
'atten.'" 

The  foregoing  explains  the  derivation  of 
"  Nash  "  from  "  atten-Ash." 

LIONEL  SCHANK. 

Situated  as  the  mansion  of  Prinknash  is, 
"  in  a  pleasant  part,  on  the  acclivity  of  a  hill, 
commanding  an  extensive  prospect  over  a 
fertile  and  well -cultivated  district,"  would 
not  this  extra-parochial  park  have  received 


314 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  n.  OCT.  15,  mo. 


its  name  originally  from  the  circumstance, 
as  in  so  many  other  instances  of  place-names, 
of  an  ash  tree,  or  ash  trees,  having  adorned 
the  hill  ?  To  "prink  "  in  Gloucestershire, 
as  in  other  counties,  means  to  deck,  array, 
decorate,  or  "prank."  Hence  "  prinkin  " 
or  "prenkin  "  in  the  dialect  of  North  and 
West  Yorkshire  means  forward,  proud,  &c.  ; 
and  a  "  prink(e)nash "  would  appear  to 
have  meant  an  ash  tree  beautifully  or 
proudly  situated  (probably  a  mountain  ash) 
on  the  slope  or  at  the  summit  of  the  hill. 
There  is  a  mining  town  named  Mountain 
Ash  in  Wales  ;  but  whether  this  was  origin- 
ally named  from  a  hill  with  an  ash  tree  one 
cannot  say.  Ashiesteel  in  Melrose  is  thought 
by  Johnston,  in  his  '  Place-Names  of  Scot- 
land,' to  be  the  "  place  of  the  ash  trees  "  ; 
and  Ashkirk  in  the  county  of  Selkirk  is  said 
to  have  derived  its  name  from  the  ash  trees 
with  which  the  neighbourhood  abounded, 
and  of  which  a  considerable  number  were 
still  remaining  in  1851. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

Spelman's  '  Villare  Anglicum,'  2nd  ed., 
1678,  gives  the  name  Prigney,  Dudstone 
hundred  :  possibly  this  is  an  older  spelling 
of  Prinknash.  Gary's  Atlas,  1793,  spells  it 
Prinkash.  These  notes  may  perhaps  assist 
G.  M.  T.  JOHN  HODGKIN. 

MINSTER  :  VERGER  (11  S.  ii.  130,  274). — 
A  verger  is  a  man,  usually  gowned,  whose 
business  it  is  to  carry  the  verge  or  mace 
before  deans,  canons,  parsons,  or  other 
dignified  persons.  He  may  hold  other 
offices,  e.g.,  that  of  sub-sacrist,  as  at  Dur- 
ham, or  parish  clerk,  as  at  Ripon.  An  arch- 
bishop has  his  archiepiscopal  cross  borne 
before  him,  and  carries  his  crosier  in  his 
hand,  unless  it  be  borne  before  him  by  his 
chaplain.  A  bishop  carries  his  crosier  in 
like  manner,  unless  it  be  borne  before 
him  by  his  chaplain.  J.  T.  F. 

Winterton,  Doncaster. 

"  Vergers  go  before  their  deanes  with 
little  staves  tipped,"  quotes  W.  S.  S.  The 
handsome,  autumn-flowering,  herbaceous 
plant  Solidago  virgaurea  is  popularly  known 
as  "  golden  rod  " — a  good  description  of  the 
plant,  as  its  inflorescent  spike  or  spray  is  as 
if  it  were  tipped  with  golden  yellow. 

ANDREW  HOPE. 

MICHAEL  WRIGHT,  PAINTER,  1660-1700 
(11  S.  ii.  228).— According  to  Bryan's 
'  Dictionary,'  this  artist  made  use  of  many 
pseudonyms.  His  favourite  signature  seems 


to  have  been  "  J.  M.  Ritus."  Joseph 
Michael  Wright  was  his  real  name,  but  in 
Italy  he  was  generally  known  as  "  Michael 
Ritus. "  Is  it  not  conceivable  that  the  letters 
printed  as  his  artistic  signature  in  the  query 

may  stand  for  mJr,  that  is,  "  J.  M. 
Ritus  "  ?  W.  SCOTT. 

ANGLO-SPANISH  AUTHOR  (11  S.  i.  349; 
ii.  119,  171).— I  am  obliged  to  MR.  W.  SCOTT 
and  MR.  F.  SYDNEY  EDEN  for  their  informing 
and  painstaking  replies  to  my  query, 
although  their  sum  total  represents  little 
more  than  surmise.  Even  this,  however,  is 
preferable  to  indifference,  and  these  columns 
are  all  the  richer  for  it.  Small,  in  the  hope  of 
larger,  mercies  must  content  me  for  the 
nonce,  wherein  my  quest  resolves  itself  per- 
force, into  the  pertinent  query  of  MR.  EDEN: 
' '  Ought  we,  however,  to  look  for  much  from 
Borrow  in  the  way  of  verification  of  refer- 
ences ?  "  J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

CARLIN  SUNDAY  AND  "  THE  HOLE  " 
FLEET  STREET  (11  S.  ii.  229). — Pancake 
composed  of  steeped  pease  fried  in  butter, 
with  pepper  and  salt,  passed  by  the  name 
of  carlings  ;  and  so  conspicuous  was  this 
article  that  from  it  Carling  Sunday  became 
a  local  name  for  Mid-Lent  or  Mothering 
Sunday. 

Tid,  Mid,  and  Misera, 
Carling,  Palm,  Pase-egg  Day, 

was  still  in  1864,  in  the  North  of  England, 
an  enumeration  of  the  Sundays  of  Lent. 

Chambers's  'Book  of  Days,'  ed.  1864, 
says  that  Peele's  Coffee-House  in  Fleet 
Street  at  the  corner  of  Fetter  Lane,  had 
then  been  established  more  than  150  years. 
It  also  says  that  "  The  Hole-in-the-Wall," 
near  it,  is  a  characteristic  house,  behind  the 
main  line  of  building,  approached  by  a 
passage  or  hole  in  the  wall  of  the  front 
house  ;  "  this  is  the  case  with  most  of  the 
old  inns  here,  which  had  originally  ground 
in  front  of  them,  afterwards  encroached  on 
by  building."  See  under  6  March  and  22 
April  respectively.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 


I   do   not   think   there   ever 
sign    in    Fleet    Street    (except 


was   such  a 
by    way    of 

abbreviation)  as  "  The  Hole."  "  The  Hole- 
in-the-Wall  "  is  evidently  the  tavern  that 
is  meant  in  connexion  with  the  observance 
of  Carlin  Sunday.  It  was  on  the  east  side  of 
Mitre  Court,  No.  45,  Fleet  Street,  now, 
I  believe,  the  office  of  The  Scotsman.  Here 
the  society  called  the"Free-and-Easy  Johns" 
were  accustomed  to  meet,  a  society  appa- 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  15, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


315 


rently  composed  of  compositors,  where  they 
""  have  long  held  their  orgies,  and  where 
many  a  portentous  question  relating  to  the 
price  of  their  labour  has  been  debated  in 
full  conclave  "  ('  Tavern  Anecdotes,'  1825). 
It  was  this  society  that  probably  kept  Carlin 
Sunday,  i.e.,  the  fifth  Sunday  in  Lent,  or 
Passion  Sunday,  on  which  it  was  customary, 
especially  among  the  working-classes  of  the 
North  of  England,  to  eat  parched  grey  peas, 
formerly  in  token  of  fasting  in  Lent.  The 
•custom  is  still  so  far  retained  in  North 
Yorkshire  that,  as  the  day  approaches, 
foags  of  grey  peas  may  be  seen  exposed  for 
:sale  in  the  shop-windows. 

J.  HOLD  EN  MACMICHAEL. 

Carlin  or  Carling  Sunday  is  the  fourth 
Sunday  in  Lent  or  Mid-Lent  Sunday.  A 
brief  account  of  the  custom  from  which  it 
took  its  name  will  be  found  in  Chambers'  s 
*  Book  of  Days,'  i.  336.  See  also  an  article 
in  '  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  Library  : 
Popular  Superstitions,'  1884.  W.  S.  S. 

Carling  Sunday  was  the  fifth  Sunday  in 
Lent,  when  it  was  customary  to  entertain 
your  friends  with  carlings.  The  right  way 
to  celebrate  Care  or  Carle  Sunday  was  to 
steep  grey  peas  all  night  in  water,  fry  them 
in  butter,  and  then  eat  them  in  the  company 
of  those  you  loved  best.  The  entertainment 
does  not  sound  inviting,  but  to  neglect  the 
carling  meant  to  be  unlucky  in  your  under- 
takings for  the  rest  of  the  year.  The  word 
has  been  derived  from  Karr  or  Carr  Freytao-, 
the  old  German  for  Good  Friday.  Karr 
meaning  a  satisfaction  for  a  fine  or  penalty  ; 
but  how  the  word  came  to  be  applied  par- 
ticularly to  the  fifth  Sunday  in  Lent  is  not 
known. 

In  Yorkshire  it  was  the  custom  for  the 
rustics  to  go  to  the  village  inn  on  Care 
Sunday  to  spend  their  "  Carling  groat  " 
in  drink  ;  and  a  Nottinghamshire  couplet 
runs  :— 

Care  Sunday,  care  away  : 
Palm  Sunday  and  Easter  Day. 
Not  much  clearer  is  the  old  Scottish  song  :  _ 
Fv  !  Let  us  all  to  the  Briddell  ! 
There  '11  be  all  the  lads  and  lasses 
Set  down  in  the  midst  of  the  ha, 
With  sybows  and  rifarts  and  carlings 
,  That  are  both  sodden  and  ra. 

"  Sybows  "   are  onions,  and   "  rifarts  "   are 
radishes.  T.  W.  TEMPANY. 

Richmond.  Surrey. 


+i  'Th®i  iNrE-D''  says  of  the  Derivation  of  carling  • 
possibly  t.  care  in  Care-Sunday  +  -ling."    Carling 
Sunday  it  describes  as  the  .fifth  Sunday  in  Lent 
See  also  10  S.  ix.  281,  374,  412.] 


SNAILS  AS  FOOD  (US.  ii.  125, 175,  218).— 
I  can  recommend  the  eating  of  snails  to  epi- 
cures as  a  lunch,  like  whelks  or  periwinkles. 
The  only  way  I  have  tasted  them  was  served 
as  they  are  at  Brussels,  that  is,  cooked  in  the 
shell,  the  orifice  being  closed  with  a  light 
forcemeat.  The  strength  imparted  to  the 
gasteropod  by  being  fed  on  vine-leaves 
exercised  such  a  fortifiant  effect  on  my  head, 
I  remember,  that  I  could  partake  of  only 
three  or  four  at  a  time.  When  taken  out 
of  the  shell  with  a  two -pronged  fork  they 
were  hard  like  a  prune,  and  black ;  there  was 
nothing  viscid  about  them.  N.  W.  HILL. 
New  York. 

Now,  in  Ceylon,  is.  the  gastronome's  gastro- 
podical  opportunity  !  The  Morning  Post 
informs  me  that  there  is  a  plague  of  snails 
in  the  island,  and  that  some  specimens  of 
the  creatures  are  as  much  as  a  pound  in 
weight. 

I  have  been  twice  at  Bourges,  and  well 
remember  having  seen  a  fine  escargot 
passant  depicted  on  the  window  of  a  shop 
or  restaurant.  MR.  JOHN  WARD'S  recom- 
mendation stirs  me  ;  but  I  am  afraid  I  shall 
not  be  able  to  follow  it.  In  Provence  the 
peasants  use  a  long  nail  to  extract  the  dainty 
from  its  shell.  These  implements  may  be 
seen  in  the  life-sized  group  of  peasants 
celebrating  Christmas  that  one  finds  in  the 
museum  at  Aries,  which  illustrates  the  folk- 
life  of  the  region.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

"GAME  LEG"  (11  S.  ii.  229,  296).— In 
'  E.D.D.'  (s.v.  'Gammy')  we  find  "a 
gammy  leg,"  in  the  sense  of  a  crooked, 
deformed  leg,  occurring  in  many  dialects  in 
various  parts  of  England  from  Northumber- 
land to  Devonshire.  There  is  no  doubt 
that  this  is  the  better  etymological  form, 
and  that  the  phrase  "  a  game  leg "  is 
due  to  the  influence  of  the  common  word 

game." 

The  word  "  gammy  "  is  probably  of  French 
origin,  and  identical  with  Fr.  gambi,  bent, 
crooked  (Cotgrave).  The  word  gambi  is 
still  in  use  in  many  French  dialects,  in 
Normandy,  the  Jura  and  Languedoc.  For 
references,  see  the  etymological  note  in 
'  E.D.D.'  The  French  word  is  probably 
cognate  with  Gr.  o-Ka^ds,  "  having  a  crooked 
leg,"  and  Ital.  sgambo  (Florio),  and  derived 
from  Old  Celtic  cambos,  crooked,  whence 
Breton  cam,  "  boiteux."  A.  L.  MAYHEW. 

Oxford. 

CAPT.     POTTINGER    OR    PORRINGER    (11     S. 

ii.  248).— If  W.  J.  C.  will  refer  to  the  'D.N.B.' 
under  James  Ferguson  (d.  1705),  he  will  find 


316 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  15, 1010. 


mention  there  made  of  Capt.  Pottinger.  He 
is  stated  to  have  been  in  command  of  the 
Dartmouth  frigate,  and  to  have  co-operated 
with  Major  Ferguson  in  the  reduction  of  the 
Western  Isles  in  1690.  The  authorities 
cited  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  may  possibly  furnish 
additional  information.  Browne's  '  History 
of  the  Highland  Clans  '  contains  a  few  refer- 
ences to  Ferguson  and  his  expedition.  It 
may  also  be  added  that  Major  Ferguson 
was  the  brother  of  Robert  Ferguson  the 
Plotter,  whose  '  Life  '  might  advantageously 
he  consulted  for  further  details.  SCOTUS. 

SYDNEY  SMITH  ON  SPENCER  PERCEVAL 
(US.  ii.  267).— Sydney  Smith  dealt  with 
Spencer  Perceval's  domestic  virtues  and 
their  political  non-importance  in  two  of  his 
*  Letters  of  Peter  Plymley.'  The  better- 
known  passage  is  from  Letter  II.,  in  which 
he  wrote  : — 

'  You  spend  a  great  deal  of  ink  about  the  character 
of  the  present  prime  minister.  Grant  you  all  that 
you  write— I  say,  I  fear  he  will  ruin  Ireland,  and 
pursue  a  line  of  policy  destructive  to  the  true 
interest  of  his  country ;  and  then  you  tell  me, 
he  is  faithful  to  Mrs,  Perceval,  and  kind  to  the 
Master  Percevals !  These  are,  undoubtedly,  the 
first  qualifications  to  be  looked  to  in  a  time  of 
the  most  serious  public  danger ;  but  somehow  or 
another  (if  public  and  private  virtues  must  always 
be  incompatible),  I  should  prefer  that  he  destroyed 
the  domestic  happiness  of  Wood  or  Cockell,  owed 
for  the  veal  of  the  preceding  year,  whipped  his 
boys,  and  saved  his  country." 

The  other  is  from  Letter  IX.  : — 

"I  cannot  describe  the  horror  and  disgust  which 
I  felt  at  hearing  Mr.  Perceval  call  upon  the  then 
ministry  for  measures  of  vigour  in  Ireland.  If  I 
lived  at  Hampstead  upon  stewed  meats  and  claret ; 
if  I  walked  to  church  every  Sunday  before  eleven 
young  gentlemen  of  my  own  begetting,  with  their 
faces  washed,  and  their  hair  pleasingly  combed  ;  if 
the  Almighty  had  blessed  me  with  every  earthly 
comfort, — how  awfully  would  I  pause  before  I  sent 
forth  the  flame  and  the  sword  over  the  cabins  of 
the  poor,  brave,  generous,  open-hearted  peasants  of 
Ireland ! " 

In  Letter  VII.  it  is  to  be  noted,  he  turned 
a  similar  shaft  towards  Canning,  whom 
he  distrusted  as  deeply  as  he  scorned  Perceval, 
saying  :— 

"  The  Foreign  Secretary  is  a  gentleman,  a  respect- 
able as  well  as  a  highly  agreeable  man  in  private 
life;  but  you  may  as  well  feed  me  with  decayed 
potatoes  as  console  me  for  the  miseries  of  Ireland 
by  the  resources  of  his  sense  and  his  discretion.  It 
is  only  the  public  situation  which  this  gentleman 
holds  which  entitles  me  or  induces  me  to  say  so 
much  about  him.  He  is  a  fly  in  amber,  nobody  cares 
about  the  fly  :  the  only  question  is,  How  the  Devil 
did  it  get  there?" 

(I  may  observe,  in  parenthesis,  that  this 
"  crystal  "  of  Pope's  famous  lines  in  the 


Epistle  to  Dr.  Arbuthnot,'  was  almost 
precisely  repeated  by  Disraeli  in  a  speech, 
in  the  House  of  Commons  on  24  July,  1839,. 
when  attacking  Spring  Rice,  the  Whig 

hancellor  of  the  Exchequer,  just  before  his 
elevation  to  the  peerage  as  Lord  Monteagle  : 
"  How  he  became  Chancellor  of  the  Ex- 

hequer,  and  how  the  Government  to  which 
tie  belonged  became  a  Government,  it  would 
be  difficult  to  tell.  Like  flies  in  amber,  one 
'  wondered  how  the  devil  they  got  there.'  ") 

It  is  of  interest  to  add  that  Macaulay,. 
in  his  first  famous  essay  for  The  Edinburgh 
Review — that  on  Milton — employed  with 
regard  to  Charles  I.  a  similar  argument  to 
that  Sydney  Smith  had  earlier  used  in  con- 
nexion with  Spencer  Perceval.  Macaulay 
ridiculed  the  idea  that  being  a  good  father 
and  a  good  husband  could  be  considered 
"  ample  apologies  for  fifteen  years  of  per- 
secution, tyranny,  and  falsehood "  ;  and 
he  submitted  that 

"  if,  in  the  most  important  of  all  human  relations,, 
we  find  him  to  have  been  selfish,  cruel,  and  deceitful, 
we  shall  take  the  liberty  to  call  him  a  bad  man,  in 
spite  of  all  his  temperance  at  table,  and  all  his 
regularity  at  chapel. 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS, 

[Ms,.  N.  HAYTHORNE,  MR.  M.  A.  M.  MACALLSTKR,. 
G.  W.  E.  R.,  PRINCIPAL  SALMON,  and  MR.  F.  C. 
WHITE  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

"  FARE  YOU  WELL,  MY  OWN  MARY  ANNE  " 
(11  S.  ii.  267). — The  song  for  which  your 
correspondent  asks  and  which  was  entitled 
'  My  Mary  Anne,'  is  found  in  Davidson's 
'  Universal  Melodist '  (with  tune),  and  is 
there  stated  to  have  been  published,  with 
pianoforte  accompaniments,  in  Davidson's 
'  Musical  Treasury  '  Nos.  839-40,  price  Gd., 
with  character  portrait.  The  later  verses 
have  a  vulgarity  not  found  in  the  first,  and 
look  as  if  they  had  a  different  origin. 

G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 

Sheffield. 

The  verse  quoted  by  MR.  EDGCUMBE  is  the 
first  of  a  song  very  popular  in  the  days  of 
my  youth,  but  it  was  not  a  sea  song  or  con-  ' 
fined  to  naval  forecastles  ;  it  was  sung  every- 
where, and  the  tune  played  on  military 
bands.  It  was  a  "  nigger "  melody,  or 
"  Yankee  "  song.  It  is  to  be  feared  that 
MR.  EDGCUMBE'S  memory  has  failed  him. 
but  that  is  pardonable,  as  there  were  several 
versions,  all  slightly  varying,  but  all  agree  in 
the  title  "  Fare  you  well,  my  own  Mary  i 
Ann." 

Numerous     additions     appeared — it 
1023  of   The  Musical  Bouquet— all  published 
in  1856.     In  the  following  year  two  editions 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  is,  1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


317 


appeared,  the  words  and  music  "  revised 
and  corrected  "  by  Prof.  Clark,  who  altered 
the  third  and  fourth  verses. 

Speaking  from  memory,  I  should  think 
the  earlier  version  was  the  more  popular, 
but  the  tune  was  heard  everywhere,  with 
*  Cheer  up,  Sam,'  '  Bobbing  Around,'  and 
others  of  that  kind.  A.  RHODES. 

This  verse  I  knew  full  fifty  years  ago. 
The  tune  was  one  which  was  sung  to  many 
another  ditty.  The  verse  was  sung  in  all 
sorts  of  places,  and  often  helped  on  work 
in  the  harvest  field  when  "  leading  "  was  on. 
THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Worksop. 

[PROF.  MOORE  SMITH'S  copy  of  the  ten  verses 
from  Davidson,  and  MR.  A.  C.  JONAS'S  four  verses 
from  another  old  song-book,  have  *been  forwarded 
to  MR.  EDGCUMBE.  MR.  HARRY  HEMS  and  MR.  A. 
MASSON  are  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

FATHER  SMITH,  THE  ORGAN  BUILDER, 
AND  UPHAM  (11  S.  ii.  189). — Some  account  of 
Bernard  Smith  will  be  found  in  Hawkins's 
4  History  of  Music.'  It  is  there  stated 
that  his  two  nephews,  who  came  with  him 
to  England,  and  assisted  him  in  his  business, 
lived  in  the  country,  and  occupied  them- 
selves more  with  repairing  than  with  build- 
ing organs.  May  not  the  presence  of  the 
nephews — possibly  in  Upham,  at  all  events 
in  the  country — afford  some  explanation  of 
the  tombstone  marking  the  spot  where 
Mrs.  Smith  is  buried  ?  She  may  have  been 
visiting  them  when  she  died.  W.  S.  S. 

GOLD  WIN  SMITH'S  'REMINISCENCES'  (11  S. 
ii.  167,  277).— The  Duke  of  Wellington's 
friend  was  Margaretta,  second  wife  of  David 
Jones  of  Pantglas,  nee  Campbell.  '  The 
Correspondence  of  Miss  J.'  had  nothing  to 
do  with  her.  CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 

Swallowfield  Park,  Reading. 

The  Mrs.  Jones  whom  the  Duke  of  Welling- 
t'lii  admired  was  the  one  who  was  born 
Campbell.  "Miss  J."  was  a  Miss  A.  M. 
Jenkins.  See  Sir  Herbert  Maxwell's  '  Life  of 
Wellington.'  GENEALOGIST. 

'EDINBURGH  LITERARY  JOURNAL'  (11  S. 
ii.  267). — The  first  number  of  The  Edinburgh 
Literary  Journal  ;  or,  Weekly  Register  of 
Criticism  and  Belles  Lettres,  was  issued  on 
Saturday,  15  November,  1828.  The  155th, 
that  for  Saturday,  29  October,  1831,  was  the 
last  published  by  Constable  &  Co.  Nos. 
156-166,  Saturday,  14  January,  1832,  were 
published  by  William  Tait.  It  was  then 
amalgamated  with  The  Edinburgh  Weekly 
Chronicle. 


Henry  Glassford  Bell  was  the  editor 
throughout  ;  and  he  was  also  one  of  the 
promoters,  others  being  Henry  Seward 
Constable  and  John  Aitken.  In  addition 
to  his  editorial  work  Bell,  under  the  pseu- 
donym of  "  Old  Cerberus,"  wrote  the  notices 
of  the  drama  in  Edinburgh  ;  and  he  was 
wont  to  group  miscellaneous  contributions 
in  prose  and  verse  in  the  papers  headed  '  The 
Editor  in  his  Slippers  ;  or,  A  Peep  behind  the 
Scenes.' 

Appended  to  No.  38,  which  was  issued 
without  any  advertisements,  was  the  follow- 
ing naive  notice  : — 

"  We  have  to  apologize  this  week  to  our  adver- 
tising friends  for  postponing  their  favours,  being 
anxious  to  overtake  several  literary  articles  which 
have  stood  over  too  long.  We  shall  not  often 
infringe  upon  the  space  we  set  apart  for  them." 

ALDOBRAND  OLDENBUCK. 
Fairport. 

c  POLITICAL  ADVENTURES  OF  LORD 
BEACONSFIELD  '  (11  S.  ii.  268). — Written  by 
Frank  H.  Hill,  a  brilliant  journalist  on  the 
staff  of  The  Daily  News.  I  think  that  he 
ceased  to  write  for  that  journal  about  1886. 
He  died  recently.  THOS.  WHITE. 

Liverpool. 

Mr.  Frank  Harrison  Hill,  for  years  editor 
of  The  Daily  News,  was  the  author  of  the 
'  Political  Adventures  of  Lord  Beaconsfield  ' 
as  well  as  '  Political  Portraits.'  Interesting 
details  may  be  found  in  Justin  McCarthy's 
'  Reminiscences,'  second  edition,  published 
1899.  FREDERICK  CHARLES  WHITE. 

26,  Arran  Street,  Roath,  Cardiff. 

[THE  EDITOR  *  IRISH  BOOK  LOVER  '  also  mentions 
Mr.  F.  H.  Hill] 

DEAN  SWIFT  AND  THE  IRISH  WAR  OF  1688- 
1691  (11  S.  ii.  269). — The  satirist's  grand- 
father— Thomas  Swift,  Vicar  of  Goodrich, 
near  Ross — was  descended  from  a  Yorkshire 
family,  one  of  whom,  Barnham,  called 
"  Cavaliero  "  Swifte,  of  an  elder  branch,  was 
created  Lord  Carlingford  in  1627. 

The  troubles  which  followed  the  expulsion 
of  James  II.  forced  Jonathan  Swift  to  leave 
Dublin.  He  retired  to  his  mother's  house 
at  Leicester,  her  native  place.  Soon  after- 
wards (1690  or  earlier)  Sir  William  Temple 
took  Swift  into  his  family  at  Moor  Park,  near 
Farnham  in  Surrey.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

HOBBY-HORSE  (11  S.  ii.  209,  257).— A 
useful  summary  of  the  subject,  especially 
in  France  and  China,  will  be  found  in 
'  Toys  of  other  Days,'  by  Mrs.  F.  Nevill 
Jackson,  chap.  viii.  Of  course,  as  toys  for 


318 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  is,  1910. 


children  are  only  rude  representations  of 
articles  used  by  adults,  it  is  shown  that 
hobby-horses  were  known  in  the  Celestial 
Land  centuries  ago.  A.  RHODES. 

In  these  parts — that  is,  the  portions  of  the 
three  shires  which  here  adjoin — the  Hobby- 
Horse  went  the  round  at  Christmastime  under 
the  name  of  "  T'owd  Hoss."  The  north- 
east of  Derbyshire  sent  out  several  sets  of 
the  "  Owd  Hoss,"  which  was  sometimes 
represented  by  a  wooden  head  with  a  loose 
lower  jaw,  worked  with  a  string  to  produce  a 
champing  noise.  There  were  also  some  real 
heads — that  is,  a  horse's  head  cured,  with 
the  hide  on  it,  and  by  means  of  the  string 
attachment  it  champed  with  the  jaws. 
Several  youths  besides  the  one  who  carried 
the  head  formed  the  party.  Some  sang  a 
ditty  about  "  the  poor  owd  hoss,"  whilst 
others  gave  a  sort  of  "  little  act  "  as  they 
called  it.  Of  late  years  there  has  been  none 
of  it,  and  the  custom  is  nearly  dead.  I 
remember  when  it  was  called  "  The  Dobby 
Hoss."  Children  also  rode  about  on  a 
stick,  and  this  too  was  a  pastime  known  as 
"  Ridin'  t'  owd  dobby  hoss." 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 
Worksop. 

MATTHEW  ARNOLD  ON  NINETEENTH-CEN- 
TURY ELOQUENCE  (11  S.  ii.  229). — MR. 
G.  W.  E.  RUSSELL  writes  to  me  regarding  this 
query  as  follows  :  "I  think,  but  am  not 
certain,  that  it  was  Emerson." 

Perhaps  some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  will  be 
able  to  trace  the  allusion.  W.  B. 

Matthew  Arnold's  address  on  Milton  was 
delivered  in  1888.  "  The  most  eloquent 
voice  of  our  century,"  referring  to  some 
person  not  long  dead,  was  in  all  probability 
Victor  Hugo,  whose  death  took  place  in 
1885.  W.  SCOTT. 

WHYTEHEER  OR  WHYTEBEER  (11  S.  ii. 
228). — A  whittawer  was  one  who  tawed 
skins  for  glovers.  He  is  now,  in  many  parts 
of  the  country,  a  harness-mender  or  -maker. 
I  take  "  whyteheer "  to  be  a  phonetic 
attempt  to  represent  the  word. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

'  THE  JUDGMENT  OF  GOD  '  :  WOMAN 
THROWING  HER  CHILDREN  TO  WOLVES  (11  S. 
ii.  228). — Mr.  Arthur  Symons  in  his  '  Intro- 
duction to  Browning '  describes  '  Ivan 
Ivanovitch '  as  "  founded  on  a  popular 
Russian  story."  Other  writers  on  Browning 
speak  of  it  as  a  "  Russian  story"  or  "  Russian 
legend."  No  author's  name  is  anywhere 
mentioned.  It  is  unnecessary,  however,  to 


suppose  that  Browning  derived  the  hint  for 
his  poem  from  any  English  translation  of 
the  story.  He  spent  some  time  in  Russia 
in  1834,  and  may  then  have  heard  told  by 
some  Russian  friend  the  tale  which  suggested 
the  '  Ivan  Ivanovitch  '  of  1879.  W.  S.  S. 

ROMA  AUREA  (11  S.  ii.  248).— See  Jean 
P.  Masson's  '  De  Episcopis  Urbis '  (Paris,. 
1586)  at  p.  412.  An  account  of  this  writer 
(born  1544;  died  9  January,  1611)  will  be 
found  in  the  '  Biographie  Universelle,'  which 
asserts  that  the  '  De  Episcopis  l  is  in  Mura- 
tori,  vol.  iii.  part  ii. 

JOHN  B.   WAINEWRIGHT. 

"  SCHELM  "=WILD  CARNIVORA  (11  S.  ii, 
266). — This  term  is  easily  derivable.  The 
word  is  common  to  the  Dutch  and  German 
languages.  Twenty  years  ago  it  was  in 
frequent  use  in  the  Transvaal  by  those  who 
spoke  the  "  Taal "  ;  it  was  pronounced 
"  skellum,"  and  was  used  to  denote  a 
rascal,  or  a  knave.  As  applied  to  wild  animals 
it  had  (and  has)  the  exact  significance  of 
"  rogue  " — as  they  say  in  India  "  a  rogue 
elephant."  Further,  "  schelm  "  means  dis- 
temper or  pestilence  among  cattle  ;  and  I 
have  heard  Boer  "  kurveyors,"  or  transport 
riders,  refer  to  their  oxen,  ill  from  eating 
the  poisonous  "  tulp,"  as  "  schelms "  or 
"  skellums."  The  use  of  the  singular  word 
as  denoting  a  pack  is  unknown  to  me. 

FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 
Kew  Green. 

EDNA  AS  CHRISTIAN  NAME  (11  S.  ii.  268). — 
Edna  was  the  wife  of  Raguel,  a  Jew  carried 
captive  from  Jerusalem  to  Nineveh  (see 
Tobit  vii.  2).  This  is  the  first  use  of  Edna 
as  a  feminine  name  that  I  am  aware  of. 

W.  W.  GLENNY. 
Marking,  Essex. 

[J.  T.  F.  and  MB.  H  OLDEN  MACMICHAEL  also 
thanked  for  replies.] 

"  SPARROW-BLASTED  "  (11  S.  ii.  267). — 
This  means  dumbfounded^ — 

"'Eh!    megsty  me!  I'm  sparrow-blasted !' ex- 
claimed the  leddv.,   throwing  herself  back  in  the 
chair  and  lifting  both  her  hands  and  eyes  in  won-    ; 
derment,"— Gait,  '  Entail '  (1823)  Ixxiii,  quoted  in 
the  'E.D.D.,'  s.v.  'Sparrow.' 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

The  term  "  sparrow-blasted  "  brings  to  my 
mind  righteous  Tobit  sleeping  in  his  court- 
yard, and  having  his  eyes  polluted  unto 
blindness  by  the  careless  habits  of  sparrows, 
or,  as  the  margin  has  it,  swallows.  See 
Tobit  ii.  9,  10.  ST.  SWITHIN. 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  15, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


319 


BELL'S  EDITIONS  OF  THE  POETS  (11  S.  ii. 
188). — It  is  perhaps  a  little  misleading  to 
speak  of  "  Bell's  editions."  The  Bell  so 
referred  to  was  a  different  person  from  the 
well-known  London  publisher  who  issued 
the  "  Aldine  Series  "  of  the  poets.  The 
publication  termed  "Bell's  edition"  is  no 
doubt  intended  for  "  The  Poets  of  Great 
Britain  from  Chaucer  to  Churchill."  Edin- 
burgh, printed  by  John  Bell,  1777-92,  18mo, 
109  vols.  It  was  reprinted  in  London,  1807, 
18mo,  124  vols.  (but  bound  in  62  vols.), 
and  was  known  as  Bagster's  edition. 

Cooke's  edition  of  the  "  British  Poets," 
London,  G.  A.  Cooke  (undated,  but  circa 
1798),  18mo,  with  plates,  was  published  in 
80  parts  at  Is.  Qd.  each.  The  table  of 
contents  indicates  that  the  80  parts  were 
printed  in  82  vols.,  beginning  with  Chaucer 
in  14  vols.,  and  coming  down  to  Buckingham 
and  Churchill  in  3  vols. 

What  is  called  Johnson's  edition  is  pro- 
bably meant  for  "  The  Works  of  the  English 
Poets "  (with  Prefaces  by  Dr.  Johnson), 
London,  1779-81,  12mo,  68  vols.,  of  which 
in  1790  an  edition  in  75  vols.  was  issued. 
This  work  is  sometimes  improperly  styled 
"Johnson's  edition."  As  Malone  says, 
"  He  [Johnson]  never  saw  a  sheet  of  it, 
and  had  no  other  concern  in  it  but  the 
writing  of  the  poets'  lives."  W.  SCOTT. 

FAIBIES  :  RUFFS  AND  REEVES  (11  S.  ii. 
265). — In  an  interesting  "  turnover  "  in  The 
Qlobe  (which  I  am  sorry  I  have  cut  out  un- 
dated) I  find  the  following  : — 

"The  ruffs  have  their  regular  fighting  grounds, 
technically  known  as  '  hills,'  and  thither  they  con- 
gregate in  the  spring  to  take  their  choice  of  brides 
l>y  right  of  conquest.     None  of  these  battles  royal 
have  been  witnessed  in  England  for  many  years, 
'  and  it  is  doubtful  if  any  one  now  lnring  has  been 
i  the  privileged  spectator  of  such  an  encounter." 
-May  not  this  fighting  for  a  wife  be  akin  to,  or 
i'lmtical   with,    the    "  dancing   on    Brumby 
umon "     referred    to    in    MR.    EDWARD 
!  PEACOCK'S  note  ?        FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 
Kew  Green. 

I  might  add  as  a  rider  to  MR.  PEACOCK'S 
interesting  note  that  when  a  lad  I  heard 
I  folks  say  that  they  knew  folks  who  had  in 
*ome  parts  of  Derbyshire  seen  fairies  dancing. 
Their  fancies  went  a  long  way  towards  faith 
in  such  cases  ;  yet  it  was  not  uncommon 
to  hear  people  speaking  to  the  effect  that  they 
had  seen  the  little  people  "  ravellin'  "  about 
in  out-of-the-way  spots,  where  hill-sides 
opened  to  let  them  in  when  they  had  finished 
their  dancing.  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Worksop. 


EUGENE  ARAM  (11  S.  ii.  105,  279).— I 
possess  a  second  monograph  on  Aram  by 
Scatcherd  : — 

"Gleanings  after  Eugene  Aram unexpectedly 

gathered  since  the  publication  of  his  '  Memoirs '  by 

Nqrrison  Scatcherd,  Esqre Knaresbrough  :  Parr, 

Printer  and  Publisher,  Stamp  Office,  High  Street, 
1860,"  pp.  64. 

I  believe  the  first  edition  of  this  pamphlet 
was  published  in  1836. 

A  fresh  account  of  this  remarkable  case, 
based  upon  the  documents  recently  sold  at 
Sotheby's,  would  be  welcomed  by  students 
of  the  period,  but  if  such  a  one  is  written 
it  is  to  be  hoped  that  it  will  not  be  treated 
in  the  lazy,  slipshod  fashion  in  which  such 
subjects  are  too  often  dealt  with  nowa- 
days. It  is  absolutely  essential  that  all  the 
references  in  contemporary  London  and 
provincial  newspapers  should  be  carefully 
collated.  HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 


0tt 


The  Poems  of  Jonathan  Swift,  D.D.  Edited  by 
William  Ernst  Browning.  2  vols.  (Bell  & 
Sons.) 

THIS  careful  edition  of  Swift's  verse  is  a  natural 
and  useful  addition  to  the  excellent  volumes  con- 
cerned with  his  prose,  edited  by  Temple  Scott. 
Both  are  part  of  "  Bonn's  Standard  Library,"  the 
new  issues  of  which  are  always  worth  the  regard  of 
scholars. 

Mr.  Browning's  Introduction  does  not  pre- 
possess us  in  his  favour  as  a  writer,  being  some- 
what dull  and  verbose  ;  but  his  diligence  as  an 
editor  in  all  that  concerns  the  text  is  laudable, 
and  numerous  notes,  both  by  older  authorities  and 
himself,  assist  readers  towards  a  better  compre- 
hension of  the  text.  Mr.  Browning  mentions 
specially  that  he  has  added  classical  references, 
a  point  of  importance  for  the  present  race  of 
readers.  This  feature  has,  it  is  hinted,  demanded 
some  research,  and  may  be  called  exhaustive. 
But  most  of  the  references  seem  to  us  fairly 
obvious  to  an  expert  in  the  classics,  and  here  and 
there  it  would  be  possible  to  add  to  them. 

We  offer  a  few  notes  on  these  and  other  points. 
In  the  first  place,  it  is  odd  that  neither  this  edition 
nor  the  earlier  Aldine  issue  of  Messrs.  Bell  states 
who  the  writers  styled  H.  F.  and  S.  in  the  notes 
are.  This  should  surely  have  been  explained. 
"  Necessity,  thou  tyrant  conscience  of  the  great  " 
(i.  6),  and  "  Necessity,  the  tyrant's  law,"  look  like 
reminiscences  of  Milton's  phrase  in  '  Paradise 
Lost,'  iv.  393,  "  necessity,  the  tyrant's  plea."  In 
i.  27  the  gods  of  Nile  recall  Juvenal's  description. 
The  "  L.  B.,  W.  H.,  J.  S.,  S.  T."  of  '  A  Town 
Eclogue  '  (i.  83)  remain  unexplained.  Corydon's 
lines, 

WThat  I  could  raise  I  sent";  a  pound  of  plums, 
Five  shillings,  and  a  coral  for  his  gums  ; 
To-morrow  I  intend  him  something  more, 
are  amusingly  near  to  the 

Quod  potui,  puero  silvestri  ex  arbore  lecta 
Aurea  mala  decem  misi  :   eras  altera  mittam, 


320 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  11.  OCT.  15, 1910. 


of  Virgil's  Eclogue,  iii.  70.  "  The  Flying  foot- 
steps of  Camilla "  (i.  167)  are  commemorated 
in  the  7th  Mneid  rather  than  the  llth.  In  ii.  200 
•"  natale  solum "  might  have  been  referred  to 
Ovid.  The  Latin  epigram  on  Carthy's  Longinus  in 
ii  280  is  obviously  based  on  the  tree  of  Georgic  ii. 
292.  Another  (ii.  286)  about  Waterford  shows 
how  poor  Swift's  hold  of  scansion  was,  for  if  he 
had  only  written  "  semperque  manebit,"  follow- 
ing his  evident  Latin  model,  he  would  have 
avoided  a  false  quantity.  In  the  next  line  Mr. 
Browning  reads  "  Crabrones  "  :  "  hornets  who 
in  his  senses  would  wish  to  touch  ?  "  The 
Aldine  edition  we  notice  has  "  crabones,"  which 
looks  like  "  carbones,"  "  coals."  But  "  crabrones" 
is  preferable,  because  meddling  with  hornets  is 
proverbial  in  Latin.  Plautus  in  his  *  Amphitruo  ' 
makes  Sosia  say  "  inritabis  crabrones."  In  ii.  346 
Scott  oddly  describes  "  rung  "  as  "  the  Yorkshire 
term  for  the  rounds  or  steps  of  a  ladder  ;  still  used 
in  every  part  of  Ireland."  Still  used,  we  might 
add,  in  every  part  of  England. 

Mr.  Browning  quotes,  we  notice,  from  our  own 
columns,  but  he  might  have  used  more  from  the 
same  source  with  advantage.  Johnson's  '  Life  of 
Swift,'  admirably  annotated  by  Dr.  Birkbeck 
Hill  with  appendixes,  is  also  a  mine  of  information. 
Hence  we  learn  (vol.  iii.  of  the  edition,  pp.  73-4) 
that  Swift  "  durst  not  insert  "  at  first  the  lines 
given  to  Queen  Anne  in  the  poem  '  On  the  Death  of 
Dr.  Swift,'  and  that  he  exaggerated  when  he 
spoke  of  "  medals."  Dr.  Hill  adds  with  his  usual 
precision  :  "  For  the  editions  of  this  poem  see 
*  N.  &  Q.,'  6  S.  iii.  109  ;  xii.  395." 

Mr.  Browning  has  provided  an  Index,  chiefly 
of  persons  ;  but  we  find  no  list  at  the  end  either 
of  first  lines  of  poems,  or  of  their  titles — omissions 
which  common  sense  should  have  supplied.  Any 
one  who  has  studied  an  author  seriously  ought  to 
realize  the  waste  of  time  involved  in  looking  to 
and  fro  for  a  particular  poem.  When,  as  here, 
the  chronological  order  is  not  adopted,  such 
search  is  particularly  irritating. 

"  J.  K.  S."  hailed  October  as  the  real  "  spring 
of  the  year "  for  the  undergraduate,  who  is 
eternally  at  this  period  filling  the  University  with 
Tiis  eager  youth.  The  University  year  ranges 
from  autumn  to  summer,  leaving  a  long  vacation 
"before  autumn  which  many  a  busy  man  enviously 
recalls  in  later  life.  This  arrangement,  strange 
to  the  outsider,  is  all-important  for  the  resident, 
and  the  Cambridge  University  Press  have  done 
well  in  producing  a  neat  little  Cambridge  Pocket 
Diary,  1910-11,  which  begins  with  20  September 
of  this  year,  and  includes  a  concise  record  of  all 
the  engagements  which  concern  either  don  or 
undergraduate.  We  expect  a  success  for  the 
Diary. 

The  National  Review  opens,  as  usual,  with 
.'  Episodes  of  the  Month,'  which  put  politics  in  a 
pungent  style  that  makes  for  good  reading. 
'  Wanted  a  Lead  and  a  Leader,'  by  "  Ignotus." 
gives  further  expression  to  the  feeling  already 
emphasized  by  various  journals.  "  Our  bolder 
spirits  have  not  been  allowed  to  fight  with  the 
gloves  off ....  the  Unionist  leader  must  be  in  touch 
with  his  followers,  and  not  dwell  alone  on  an 
Olvmpian  height  of  detachment."  Miss  Edith 
Sellers  has  an  interesting  article  on  '  The  Emperor 
and  the  future  Emperor-King,'  in  which  she  deals 


with  the  fortunes  of  Austria  and  the  indications 
of  the  future  before  that  country.  '  A  Southend 
Pessimist :  a  Sketch  from  Life,'  by  Mr.  P.  L. 
Witherby,  introduces  us  to  a  philosophic  old 
fisherman  who  thinks  that  only  "  a  catastrofe  " 
will  wake  up  the  country  and  save  it.  Mr. 
Bernard  Holland  indites  a  series  of  sonnets 
supposed  to  be  sent  by  '  The  "  Dark  Lady " 
to  Mr.  William  Shakespeare  about  1605.'  The 
general  ideas  of  the  verse  are  more  convincing 
than  its  execution.  After  the  opening  sonnet, 
the  lady  begins  the  next, 

That's  not  so  bad,  and  now  I'll  try  another, 
and  ends  it : — 

Thank  you  for  nothing  ;  when  I  sin  at  all 
It  is  to  rise  myself,  and  not  to  fall. 
Lady  Leconfield  has  an  amusing  article  on  '  The 
Fifties  '  as  mirrored  in  a  widely  read  book  of  the 
period.  It  is  a  time  over  which  there  seems  at 
present  a  tendency  to  be  sentimental.  Somebody 
should  write  a  counterblast,  showing  the  frequent 
existence  of  abuses  that  are  not  now  tolerated. 
Lady  Leconfield  rightly  calls  attention  to  the 
immense  dominance  of  Mrs.  Grundy  in  those  days. 
Dress  was  somewhat  gaudy.  What  it  should  be 
nowadays  may  be  gathered  more  or  less  from  the 
hints  of  "  Maud,"  who  writes  on  '  A  Week's  Shop- 
ping in  Paris,'  and  the  superiority  of  Frenchwomen 
in  selecting  suitable  gowns,  &c.  WTe  are  told  of  a 
French  lady  who  "  ordered  in  five  minutes  two 
hats  costing  over  201.  each."  It  would  be  interest- 
ing to  know  how  much  the  materials  used  in  this 
headgear  cost.  Mr.  A.  Maurice  Low  we  read 
with  pleasure,  as  always,  on  '  American  Affairs.' 
Mr.  O.  M.  Hueffer  writes  smartly  on  '  The  Next 
Religion,'  regarding  Christianity  as  of  little  appeal 
to  the  half-educated,  and  some  form  of  witch- 
craft more  or  less  disguised  as  likely  to  dominate. 
The  advance  of  superstition  and  the  decay  of  belief 
in  dogma  of  any  kind  have  been  noted  more  than 
once  recently  by  people  of  intelligence,  and  one 
cannot  read  the  papers  without  coming  on  a 
number  of  charms  and  mascots  which  are  carried 
about  and  put  forward  as  luck-bringers  in  all 
classes  of  society.  Besides  the  articles  we  have 
mentioned,  there  are  others  dealing  with  national 
problems  abroad  and  at  home,  so  that  the  number 
is  full  of  variety. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

W.  H.  Fox  ("Carlyle:    'Thirty  millions  of  the 
inhabitants  of  these  islands,  mostly  fools'")— 
lyle  put  the  number  at  twenty-seven  millions ; 
'Latter- Day  Pamphlets,'  Nos.  V.  and  VI. 


3ar-     i 

, 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  22, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


321 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  22,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-No.  43. 

NOTES:  — "Fry"  in  Dryden  and  Leigh  Hunt,  321  — 
Charles  II.  Statue  in  the  Royal  Exchange,  322— Signs  of 
Old  London,  323— Mrs.  Elliott's  'During  the  Reign  of 
Terror'  — Wordsworth's  '  Cuckoo  -  clock,'  324  — Alleged 
Murder  by  Chelsea  Pensioners— Ordinaries  of  Newgate— 
The  Common  Hangman — Samuel  Paterson  and  the  Earl- 
dom of  Cassilis,  325— Parody  on  Napoleon  I.—'  Mistletoe 
Bough'  Chest-The  King's  Evil  in  1643— Ivanhoe :  Cedric 
—Pincushion  Birth-Records,  326. 

QUERIES  : -George  Eliot— Rev.  Rowland  Hill's  Autograph 
Letters  —  Portrait  of  Laud  — Walter  Smith,  c.  1650  — 
"Blanket"  as  a  Verb— Watermarks  in  Paper— Authors 
Wanted— 'Old  Wishart's  Grave,'  327— Canons,  Middlesex 
— "Crusie,"  Scottish  Lamp— "  Opusculurn  "— Nevill,  Lord 
Latimer— Knighthood— Wine  and  Spirit  Glasses— Corpse 
Bleeding— Thomas  Paine's  Early  Life— Archbishop  of 
Cologne  :  Two  Tracts,  328— The  "  Halls  "  District— Apps's 
'Returning  from  Church' — Statesman  in  'Friends  in 
Council '—Oliver  Cromwell's  Gun-barrel— Otford,  Kent: 
Perhirr=Bellot — Poultney  :  Pountney — Lovell  Family — 
Dr.  Francis  Wright -Sterne  Family,  320. 

REPLIES:— Richard  Cromwell's  Daughter,  330— Speaker's 
Chair,  331— Plan tagenet  Tombs  at  Fontevrault— "  Une- 
cungga":  "Ga,"  332— Mrs.  Swale — "Mendiant,"  French 
Dessert— Bes  Broughton,  333— Authors  Wanted— Isling- 
ton Historians— Proprietary  Chapels,  334— John  Peel- 
Barlow  Trecothick,  Lord  Mayor— Sir  Eyre  Coote's  Monu- 
ment— "Gingham":  "Gamp" — J.  W.  in  Hone's  '  Y"ear 
Book,'  335—  T.  Q.  M.  in  Hone's  'Table  Book  '— "Turcopo- 
lerius,"  336— '  Arden  of  Feversham':  "  Gale  "—Hanging 
Sword  Alley — Tammany  and  England,  337—'  Edinburgh 
Literary  Journal  '—Kipling  and  the  Swastika— A ddisons  at 
Madras — Pontevedra  Museum,  Galicia — "Airman,"  333. 

NOTES  OX  BOOKS :— Feuillerat's  'John  Lyly'— '  History  of 
Mediaeval  Civilization '— Lecky's  'History  of  Rationalism.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 


"FRY"   IN  DRYDEN  AND 
LEIGH    HUNT. 

ABE  there  really  sufficient  grounds,  or  any 
grounds,  for  assuming  the  existence  of 
fry  as  a  verb  meaning  "  to  swarm  "  ?  The 
'  N.E.D.'  recognizes  it  as  a  rare  verb, 
derived  from  the  substantive  fry,  presumably 
in  its  collective  sense  of  "  (small)  fry," 
swarm  of  insignificant  things."  Only 
one  actual  instance  of  the  use  of  the  word 
was  known  to  the  editors  of  the  Dictionary, 
in  a  passage  of  Leigh  Hunt's  '  Story  of 
Rimini,'  ii.  171,  thus  quoted  by  them  : — 

Flashy  pools  with  rushes, 
About  whose  sides  the  swarming  insects  fry, 
Opening  with  noisome  din,  as  they  go  by. 

This  is,   I  suppose,   the  original  reading  of 
1816. 

In  the  edition  of  Hunt's  Poetical  Works 
published  by  Moxon  in  1849,  p.  15,  the 
passage  runs  : — 

A  heavy  spot  the  forest  looks  at  first, 
Lo  one  grim  shade  condemn'd,  and  sandy  thirst, 
Uiequer' d  with  thorns,  and  thistles  run  to  seed, 
()f  plashy  pools  half-cover'd  with  green  weed, 
About  whose  sides  the  swarming  insects  fry 
In  the  hot  sun,  a  noisome  company. 


Even  as  thus  amended,  the  passage  still 
contains  the  phrase  "the  swarming  insects 
fry,"  which  was  the  sole  evidence  relied 
on  by  the  *  N.E.D. '  for  the  verb  fry,  "to 
swarm." 

There  is,  however,  another  example  in 
Hunt's  essay  entitled  'A  "  Now,"  2  pub- 
lished in  The  Indicator  (28  June,  1820), 
which  seems  to  throw  light  on  the  word. 
One  of  the  long  string  of  sentences  descrip- 
tive of  a  hot  day,  and  all  beginning  with, 
"now,"  is  this:  "Now  grasshoppers  'fry,' 
as  Dryden  says."  Mr.  C.  B.  Wheeler  in  his 
recent  edition  (p.  625)  of  Peacock's  '  Selected 
English  Essays  '-  (Frowde)  glosses  the  word  as 
"  swarm,"  and  adds  :  "I  cannot  find  the 
word  in  Dryden.  The  '  New  English 
Dictionary  *  gives  no  other  author  but  Leigh 
Hunt  as  using  the  word  in  this  sense."  The 
mention  of  Dryden,  is,  however,  all-impor- 
tant ;  for  it  shows,  I  think,  that  also  in  the 
'  Rimini  '-  passage  Hunt  had  Dryden  in  his 
mind.  Instead  of  an  obscure  tautology, 
equivalent  to  "  the  swarming  insects  swarm," 
we  have  a  reminiscence  of  Dryden's  vocabu- 
lary :  "  the  swarming  insects  '  fry,'  as  Dry- 
den would  have  said."  No  doubt,  as  Mr. 
Wheeler  might  have  found  by  the  use  of 
Christie's  glossary  to  the  "  Globe  "  Dryden, 
Hunt  was  thinking  of  Dryden's  rendering 
of  the  lines 

At  mecum  raucis,  tua  dum  vestigia  lustro, 
Sole  sub  ardenti  resonant  arbusta  cicadis, 

in  Virgil's  second  Eclogue  : — 
While  in  the  scorching  sun  I  trace  in  vain 
My  flying  footsteps  o'er  the  burning  plain. 
The  creaking  locusts  with  my  voice  conspire, 
They  fried  with  heat,  and  I  with  fierce  desire. 

Dryden  means  no  more  by  the  expression 
than  that  the  locusts  or  grasshoppers  were 
exposed  to  the  rays  of  a  burning  sun. 

Fry  in  this  sense  of  "  burn  "  is  frequent 
in  Dryden.  It  may  be  transitive,  as  in 
'Secret  Love ;  or,  The  Maiden  Queen,'  hi.  1  : 

Like  water  giv'n  to  those  whom  fevers  fry  : 
You  kill  but  him,  who  must  without  it  die. 

But  generally  it  is  intransitive  : — 
The  ground  below  is  parch'd,  the  heav'ns  above  us 
fry. — Horace,  Odes  iii.  29,  line  33  of  translation. 
My  men — some  fall,  the  rest  in  fevers  fry. 

'^Eneid,'    iii.    196. 

Fierce  Love  has  pierc'd  me  with  his  fiery  dart ; 
He  fries  within,  and  hisses  at  my  heart.' 

*  Palamon  and  Arcite,'  ii.  112. 

Dryden  also  uses  it  intransitively  in  the 
sense  of  "  seethe,"  "  boil,"  as  thus  in 
'  ^Eneid,'  v.  186  : — 

Lash'd  with  their  oars,  the  smoky  billows  rise  ; 
Sparkles  the  briny  main,  and  the  vex'd  ocean  fries. 


322 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  OCT.  22,  1910. 


The  'N.E.D.'  quotes,  s.v.   'Fry,  vb1.,*  5, 
from  '  ^Eneid,'  vii.  737  : — 
Thus,  when  a  black-brow'd  gust  begins  to  rise, 
White  foam  at  first  on  the  curl'd  ocean  fries. 

Another    example    ('  ^Eneid,*    vii.     644), 
given  in  the  Dictionary,  but  wrongly  placed 
as   an   example   of   a   transitive   use   under 
Section  2,  properly  belongs  here  : — 
So,  when  with  crackling  flames  a  caldron  fries, 
The  bubbling  waters  from  the  bottom  rise. 

L.  R.  M.  STRACHAN. 

Heidelberg. 

CHARLES  II.  STATUE  IN  THE  ROYAL 

EXCHANGE. 

IN  a  reply  s.v.   '  George  I.   Statues l   (ante, 
p.  99)  MB.  CHAS.  H.  HOPWOOD  writes  : — 

"  The  statue  of  Charles  II.  that  stood  in  the 
centre  of  the  open  area  of  the  old  Exchange  was 
saved  [i.e.,  from  the  fire  of  1838],  and  stands  in  the 
south-east  angle  of  the  ambulatory  of  the  present 
building.  It  is  said  to  be  the  only  stone  portrait 
figure  carving  of  Grinling  Gibbons.'* 

It  appears  to  be  doubtful  whether  Grinling 
Gibbons  was  the  author  of  the  original 
statue  of  Charles  II.  in  the  Royal  Exchange, 
and  almost  certain  that  he  was  not  the 
author  of  the  existing  statue.  I  have 
collected  a  good  deal  of  evidence  on  the 
matter  from  various  books. 

In  John  Chamberlayne's  '  Magnaa  Bri- 
tannise  Notitia  ;  or,  The  Present  State  of 
Great  Britain,1  22nd  edition  of  the  '  South 
Part  call'd  England/  1708,  pp.  333-4,  the 
statue  "  erected  at  the  Charge  of  the  Society 
of  Merchant  Adventurers  of  England"  is 
asserted  to  be  "  the  Workmanship  of^  the 
Famous  Carver  and  Statuary,  Mr.  Grinlin 
Gibbons." 

In  Edward  Hatton's  '  New  View  of  Lon- 
don,' 1708,  p.  616,  it  is  said  that  in  the  Royal 
Exchange  King  Charles  II.  is  "  lively  repre- 
sented by  the  Ingenious  Hand  of  Mr.  Gibbon." 

William  Maitland  in  his  '  History  of 
London  *  (ed.  1754,  p.  900)  copies  Hatton 
verbatim. 

Horace  Walpole  in  his  '  Anecdotes  of 
Painting  in  England,4  1871  reprint  of  the 
edition  of  1786,  p.  267,  s.v.  '  Grinling 
Gibbons  *  writes  : — 

"  The  base  of  the  figure  at  Charing  Cross  was 
the  work  of  this   artist ;     so  was  the  statue  of 
Charles  II.  at  the  Royal  Exchange." 
Presumably   he   means    ' '  the   base   of    the 
statue  of  Charles  II., "  for  he  continues  : — 

"But  the  talent  of  Gibbons,  though  he  practised 
in  all  kinds,  did  not  reach  human  figures,  unless 
the  brazen  statue  of  James  II.,  in  the  Privy 
Garden,  be,  as  I  have  reason  to  believe  it,  of  his 
hand." 


And  a  foot-note  says  : — 

"  Vertue  says,  the  King  gave  Gibbons  an 
exclusive  licence  for  the  sole  printing  of  this 
statue  [i.e.,  of  Charles  II.],  and  prohibiting  all 
persons  to  engrave  it  without  his  leave  ;  and  yet, 
idds  my  author  [i.e.,  Vertue],  though  undertaken 
by  Gibbons,  it  was  actually  executed  by  Quellin 
of  Antwerp." 

Thomas  Pennant  in  *  Some  Account  of 
London,1  5th  ed.,  1813,  p.  581,  adopts- 
Vertue' s  account  as  to  who  "  did  '?  the  statue. 

The  Gentleman's  Magazine  of  1790,  vol.  Ix. 
pt.  ii.  p.  888,  has  the  following  : — 

"  In  the  centre  [i.e.,  of  the  Royal  Exchange]  the- 
statue  of  King  Charles  II.  Ca3sar-like,  cut  in 
marble,  set  on  a  pedestal,  cut  by  the  famous  G. 
jribbons,  and  graved  and  printed  on  a  large  sheet 
by  P.  Vanderbane." 

The  article  which  contains  the  above  is 
a  very  interesting  one  on  '  Curiosities  in 
London  at  the  End  of  the  Last  Century  ' 
(i.e.,  seventeenth  century).  Note  that  appa- 
rently only  the  pedestal  is  attributed  to 
Gibbons.  In  The  Gentleman's  Magazine? 
1794,  vol.  Ixiv.  pt.  i.  p.  485,  '  Obituary  of 
Considerable  Persons,  *  is  the  following, 
under  date  May  17,  1794  : — 

"  At  Croydon,  Surrey,  in  a  deep  decline,  Mr. 
John  Spiller,  mason,  of  Temple  Lane,  Black- 
friers,  brother  of  the  famous  Architect.  He 
was  a  pupil  of  Mr.  Bacon,  and  carved  the  statue 
of  Charles  lit  in  the  Royal  Exchange." 

In  David  Hughson's  '  London  *  (no  date, 
circa  1801),  vol.  ii.  p.  110,  is  the  following  : — 

"  A  very  fine  statue  of  Charles  II.  by  Grinlin 
Gibbons,  formerly  graced  the  centre  of  the  area 
[i.e.,  of  the  Royal  Exchange]  ;  but  this  was  re- 
placed by  another  by  Spiller  ;  this  is  also  habited 
in  the  Roman  stile." 

There  is  an  interesting  notice  of  the 
statue  and  its  pedestal  in  '  Leigh's  New 
Picture  of  London,*  new  edition,  1823, 
p.  240.  Speaking  of  the  Royal  Exchange, 
the  writer  says  : — 

"  The  centre  of  this  area  is  ornamented  with  a 
good  statue   of   Charles   II.   in   a   Roman  habit, 
standing  upon  a  pedestal  about  eight  feet  high, 
enriched  on  the  S.  side  with  an  imperial  crown, 
a     sceptre,     sword,     palm-branches,     and    other 
decorations  with  a  very  flattering  inscription  to 
the  king.     On  the  W.  side  is  a  Cupid,  cut  in  relievo, 
resting  his  right  hand  on  a  shield,  with  the  arms  of 
France   and   England   quartered,   and   holding  £ 
rose  in  his  left  hand.     On  the  N.  side  is  another 
Cupid,    supporting    a    shield    with    the    arms    c 
Ireland  ;     and   on  the   E.   side   are  the   arms  c 
Scotland,  with  a  Cupid  holding  a  thistle  ;    1 
whole  executed  in  relievo  by  that  able  statuary, 
Mr.  Gibbon." 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  author  of  '  Leigh's. 
New   Picture*    attributes   the   carvings   on 
the  pedestal  to  Grinling  Gibbons,  but  ignore 
the  authorship  of  the  statue. 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  22, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


323 


In  J.  Britton's  edition  (24th)  of  '  The 
Original  Picture  of  London,'  dedication 
dated  Jan.  1,  1826,  p.  131,  is  the  following, 
s.v.  '  Royal  Exchange  ?  : — 

"The  inner  area. .  .  .has  a  statue  of  Charles  II., 
by  Spiller,  on  a  circular  pedestal  in  the  centre.'* 

The  '  National  History  and  Views  of 
London  and  its  Environs,'  edited  by  C.  F. 
Partington,  1835,  vol.  i.  p.  130,  attributes 
the  statue  to  Spiller. 

In  a  narrative  of  the  burning  of  the  Royal 
Exchange,  under  date  Jan.  10,  1838,  in 
The  Gentleman's  Magazine  of  1838,  New 
Series,  vol.  ix.  p.  203,  is  the  following  : — 

"The  statue  of  King  Charles  the  Second  (by 
Spiller)  in  the  centre  of  the  area  remains  unin- 
jured, as  did  its  predecessor  (by  Quellin)  at  the 
great  fire  of  1666." 

Peter  Cunningham  in  his  'Handbook  of 
London,'  new  edition,  1850,  p.  431,  s.v. 
'Royal  Exchange,'  mentions  "the  statue 
of  Charles  II.,  in  the  centre  of  the  quadrangle, 
by  Grinling  Gibbons. ??  A  foot-note  says  : — 

"  Gibbons  received  500L  for  it.  See  Wright's 
1  Publick  Transactions,'  12mo,  1685,  p.  198." 

Mr.  H.  B.  Wheatley  reproduces  Peter 
Cunningham's  statements  in  '  London  Past 
and  Present,'  1891. 

William  Gaspey  in  '  Tallis's  Illustrated 
London  ;  in  commemoration  of  the  Great 
Exhibition  of  All  Nations  in  1851,'  vol.  i. 
p.  267,  writing  of  the  Royal  Exchange,  says  : 

"  In  the  middle  of  the  court,  placed  on  a 
pedestal,  protected  by  an  iron  railing,  was  a  statue 
of  Charles  II.  in  Roman  attire,  the  work  of 
Spiller." 

It   may   be   worth   noting   that   whereas 

Chamberlayne    (see    above)    says    that    the 

original  statue  was  erected  by  the  Merchant 

Adventurers  of  England,  Maitland  (as  above), 

p.  484,  gives  the  credit  to  the  Hamburgh 

Company  of  Merchants  Adventurers,  adding  : 

"  The   King  was   so   highly  pleased   with  this 

erformance,  that,  by  a  special  Order,  he  strictly 

enjoined  all  Persons,  not  to  copy,  publish  or  print 

anything  thereunto  belonging,  without  leave  of 

the  celebrated  Statuary,  Grinling  Gibbons." 

Maitland  (p.  484)  says  that  the  statue  was 

f    grey    marble.     Chamberlayne    (p.    334) 

says  that  it  was  of  white  marble. 

C    suggest    that    Grinling    Gibbons    con- 
tracted  for   the   statue   and   the   pedestal  ; 
that  he  executed  the  pedestal  himself,  and 
made  a  sub -contract  with  Quellin  of  Antwerp 
for  the  statue  ;    that  some  hundred  years 
Later,  in  consequence  of  injuries  done  to  the 
statue,  perhaps,  by  the  weather,  it  was  found 
fessary  to  have  a  replica  ;   and  that  John 
'iller,   "mason,n  who  died   in    1794    (see 
above),  was  employed  to  produce  it. 


It  is  not  long  since  a  replica  of  the  statue- 
of  Queen  Anne  was  erected  at  the  west 
front  of  St.  Paul's  in  place  of  the  old  statue, 
which  had  been  injured,  if  I  remember 
rightly,  by  a  lunatic. 

ROBERT  PIEBPOINT. 


SIGNS   OF   OLD   LONDON. 
(See  11  S.  i.  402,  465.) 

THE  following  rather  lengthy  list  of  old-time- 
City  signs  is  drawn  up  from  the  Catalogue- 
of  Proclamations,  Broadsides,  Ballads,  and 
Poems  presented  to  the  Chetham  Library,. 
Manchester,  by  Jas.  O.  Halliwell,  F.R.S. 
1851.  This  valuable  work,  remarkable  for 
being  printed  upon  a  species  of  thin  card- 
board, consists  of  a  substantial  quarto- 
volume  of  272  pages,  containing  references  to 
over  3,000  pieces.  Unfortunately,  how- 
ever, it  is  entirely  devoid  of  classification 
or  arrangement,  and  has  no  index.  This 
being  the  case,  I  have  departed  from  my 
usual  custom  in  communicating  these  sign- 
lists  by  prefixing  to  each  reference  the- 
number  of  the  proclamation,  &c.,  wherein. 
it  figures. 

17  and  92.  Cross-Keys,  Fetter  Lane,  1682. 

22.  Black  Bull,  Cornhill,  1682.* 

45.  Adam  and  Eve,  Little  Britain,  1674. 

58.  Bible,  Fetter  Lane,  1683. 

81.  Oxford  Arms,   Warwick  Lane,   1683.  f 

82  and  104.  Lincoln's  Inn  Square,  at  Lincoln's- 
Inn  Back  Gate  (sic,  a  sign),   1706. 

83.  Golden  Ball,  near  the  Hospital  Gate,  West 

Smithfield,  1682. 

107.  King's  Arms,  without  Temple  Bar,  1683. 
121.  Angel,  Duck  Lane,  1684. 
129.  Black  Bull,  Old  Bailey,  16904 
132.  Golden  Lion,  St.  Paul's  Churchyard,  168U 
139.  Raven,  Paternoster  Row,  1707. 
152.  Hand  and  Pen,  High  Holborn,  n.d. 
157.  Judge's   Head,   Chancery  Lane,    1682. 
179.  Bible  and  Three  Crowns,  Cheapside,  1697. 
227.  Queen's     Head,     against     St.      Dunstan's- 

Church,  Fleet  Street,  1707. 
244.  Black  Raven,  Poultrey  (sic),  1682. 
354.  Golden  Lion,  Ludgate  Street,  n.d. 
425.  Black  Raven,  Paternoster  Row,  n.d. 
470.  Faucon    (sic),    "  Fletestrete,"    1570. 
480.  Rose    and    Crown,    St.  Paul's  Churchyard,. 


508.  Swan,  Bishopsgate  Street,  1689. 
513.  King's  Arms,  Poultrey  (sic),  1690. 
516.  Shears,  Little  Lumbard  Street  (sic),  n.d. 
747.  Wool-Pack  and  Crown,  near  Durham  Yard, 
in  the  Strand,  n.d. 


*  Also  51  and  163,  date  1683  ;    and  106,  date 

t  Also  183,  1684,  and  525,  1690  (and  see  2533). 
t  Also  473-4,  1689  ;    487-8,  do.  ;    and  506  and 
521,  1690. 

§  Also  493  and  504,  same  date. 


324 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  22, 1910. 


753.  "  Three  Crowns,  in  Fleet  Street,  at  Water 
Lane  end,"  1696. 

759.  Queen's  Head,  against  St.  Dunstan  s  Church, 
in  Fleet  Street,  1699. 

760.  Sir  Isaac  Newton's  Head,  at  Charing  Cross, 

n.d. 

772.  King's  Arms,  South  Audley  Street,  n.d. 

805.  "  Ad  insigne  Horologii   et   Trium   Corona- 
rum,"  Fleet  Street,  1690. 
978.  Bible,  Chancery  Lane,  1664. 
983.  Bible  and  Rose,  Ludgate  Street,  1706. 

1016.  Golden  Lion,  Fleet  Street,  1741. 

1032.  Archimedes    and    Globe,    near    St.    Ann's 
Church,  Soho  (temp.  Geo.  II.). 

1044.  Cap  and  Feather,  Whitecross  Street,  next 
Old  Street,  1687. 

1046.  Sir    Edmondbury    Godfrey's    Head,    near 
Fleet  Bridge,  1689.* 

1065.  Two  Swans,  without  Bishopsgate,  1689. 

1078.  Seven  Stars,  Ave  Mary  Lane  (sic),  1690. 

1088.   Elephant    and    Castle,    Cornhill,    near    the 
Royal  Exchange,  1680.f 

4161.  King's  Head,  west  end  of  St.  Paul's  Church- 
yard, 1685. 

1191.  Adam  and  Eve,  Little  Britain,  1660. 

1289.   "  Sphear     and     Sun-Diall,     in   the     Great 
Minories,  neere  Aldgate,"  1671. 

1512    and    1853.      Sun    Tavern,    near    Holborn 
Bars,  n.d. 

1848  and  1887.      Golden  Viol,  St.  Paul's  Church- 
yard, n.d. 

1892.  "  Buck,  just  without  Temple  Bar,"  1710. 

1910.  Golden    Bass,    north    side    of    St.    Paul's 
Churchyard,  n.d. 

2050.  King's  Head,  Old  Bailey,  1646. 

2186.  Royal  Coffee-house  in  Buckingham  Street 
in  York  Buildings,  c.  1695. 

2187.  George,  Fleet  Street,  1685. 
•2233.  Ship,  on  Tower  Hill,  1699. 
2525.  Black  Bull,  Old  Baily  (sic),  1689. 
2533.   Oxford  Arms  Inn,  Warwick  Lane,  1691. 
2536.  Hat  and  Hawk  in  Bride  Lane,  1700. 
2543.  "White  Lyon  by  Temple  Bar,"  n.d. 
^555.  Black  Boy,  Paternoster  Row,  1710. 
2640.  Crown,  Chancery  Lane  (qy.  date). 

2662.  "  Blew  Ball   over   against   Bridewell   near 

Bridewell  Bridge,"   1697. 
2745.  Gun,  Ivy  Lane,  1660. 
-2747.  Anchor  Inn,  Little  Britain,  1660. 
2761.  Blue    Ball,    Thames    Street,    over    against 

Baynard's  Castle,  1685. 
:.3068.  "  Flower-de-Luce,  over  against  the  May-pole 

in  the  Strand,"  n.d. 

WILLIAM  MCMTJRRAY. 


MBS.  G.  D.  ELLIOTT'S  '  DURING  THE  REIG> 
-OF  TERROR.' — I  notice  that  in  your  impres 
sion  of  the  1st  inst.  there  is  a  review  o 
"During  the  Reign  of  Terror:  Journal  o 
my  Life.  By  Grace  Dalrymple  Elliott 
Translated  from  the  French  by  E.  Jule 
Meras."  The  reviewer  adds  :  "The  '  Prefac 
to  the  First  Edition  *  follows,  but  we  find  n 
statement  as  to  when  that  edition  appeared/ 


*Also  1097  and  1115-8,  date  1690. 
t  Also  2628,  a  year  later. 


I  can  give  some  information  on  this  point. 

have  before  me  now  "  Journal  of  my  Life 

Luring  the  French  Revolution.     By   Grace 

Dalrymple  Elliott.     London,  Bent  ley,  1859." 

The  preface  states  that 

'  this  narrative  was  composed  at  the  express  desire 
>f  King  George  the  Third.  Mr.  (afterwards  Sir 
)avid)  Dundas,  physician  to  the  King,  was  also 
rs.  Elliott's  medical  attendant,  and  was  in  the 
labit  of  relating,  during  his  visits  to  the  Royal 
family,  some  of  the  incidents  and  anecdotes  which 
hat  lady  had  communicated  to  him.  The  King 
>ecame  so  much  interested,  that  he  desired  Mr. 
)undas  to  request  Mrs.  Elliott  to  commit  to  paper 
he  story  of  her  life  in  Paris,  and  to  send  it  to  him. 

With  this  intimation  she  readily  complied,  and 

accordingly  the   narrative  was  conveyed  by  Mr. 
Dundas    to  Windsor,   sheet    by    sheet    as  it  was 

written  by  her  after  her  return  from  France,  at  the 
Peace  of  Amiens,  in  1801." 

The  book  is  in  English  :    this  preface  and 
he  final  pages  are  by  another  hand.     It  was 

she  who  obtained  the  release  of  Dr.  Gem, 
t  she  only  escaped  death  herself  owing 
:o  the  fall  of  Robespierre  ;  her  hair  had 
3een  cut  short  ready  for  the  guillotine.  In 
.ater  years  she  returned  to  Paris. 

S.  HARVEY  GEM. 
Oxford. 

WORDSWORTH  :     '  THE  CUCKOO-CLOCK.*— 
In   '  The  Eversley  Wordsworth  l  (viii.   308) 
Prof.  Knight  has  printed  as  if  they  were  a 
iresh  discovery  the  eleven  lines  beginning 

O  Bounty  without  measure, 
which  are  said  to  have  been  transcribed  by 
Crabb  Robinson  in  his  copy  of  the  edition 
of  1845  ;  and  Mr.  Nowell  Smith  reprints 
them  separately  in  his  edition  of  Words- 
worth (iii.  445),  adding  in  a  note  (iii.  587) 
that  they  were  "  first  published  by  Prof. 
Knight." 

Obviously  they  were  first  published  by 
Wordsworth  himself,  for,  aside  from  three 
variations  that  may  represent  inaccuracies 
in  the  "  Eversley  li  edition,  they  are  word 
for  word  identical  with  the  closing  lines  of 
'  The  Cuckoo-clock/  which  appeared  in  the 
year  1842.  For  "  pleasures  "  (1.  3),  "  points  " 
(1.  6),  and  "  mighty  "  (1.  8)  in  '  The  Eversley 
Wordsworth  *  (viii.  308),  'The  Oxford 
Wordsworth l  gives  as  the  corresponding 
readings  of  '  The  Cuckoo-clock  *  "  pleasure," 
"  founts,'*  and  "  nightly  "  ;  there  are  several 
minor  discrepancies  in  the  use  of  capital 
letters  and  punctuation. 

The  date  appended  to  these  eleven  lines 
by  their  author  ("7th  April,  1840.  My 
70th  Birthday  n)  gives  what  is  missing  in 
'  The  Oxford  Wordsworth,2  namely,  a  con- 
jectural date  for  the  composition  of  the 
whole  poem.  The  "Eversley"  edition 


n  B.  11.  OCT.  22,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


325 


(viii.    151)   assigns  the  composition   of    the 
poem  to  the  year  when  it  was  published. 

LANE  COOPER. 
Ithaca,  New  York. 

ALLEGED  MURDER  BY  CHELSEA  PEN- 
SIONERS AT  LITTLE  CHELSEA. — In  Mr.  Lloyd 
Sanders's  newly  published  '  Old  Kew,  Chis- 
wick,  and  Kensington l  is  epitomized  the 
story  told  by  Crof  ton  Croker  in  his  '  Walk 
from  London  to  Fulham  '  as  follows  : — 

"Curiously  enough,  the  gibbet  standing  in  Fulham 
Road  opposite  the  end  of  Walnut  Tree  Walk  had 
not  been  taken  down  many  years  before  his 
[Lochee's]  death.  On  it  in  July,  1866  [sic],  was 
hanged  one  of  the  two  Chelsea  pensioners  found 
guilty  of  murdering  James  House  Knights  [Croker 
gives  the  name  correctly  as  Knight]  on  the  high- 
road in  the  vicinity  of  Little  Chelsea,  the  other 
malefactor  being  suspended  a  little  farther  on  at 
Bull  Lane." 

Though  this  is  pure  myth,  it  will,  no 
doubt,  be  repeated  from  time  to  time  on 
Croker 's  authority.  Miss  Home  in  her 
revised  edition  (1896)  of  Croker  gives  it  with- 
out note  or  comment.  The  facts,  as  shown 
by  the  '  Sessions  Papers  of  the  Justice  Hall, 
Old  Bailey'  (1764-5)  are  that  on  the  16th 
of  April,  1765,  James  Knight  of  Walham 
Green  was  murdered,  and  his  body  found  on 
the  steps  of  a  lonely  inn,  "  the  Cow  and 
Calf5'  in  the  Fulham  Road  by  Chelsea 
Common  ;  and  that  on  the  7th  of  July 
following  two  Chelsea  pensioners,  named 
Gould  and  Stevens,  were  arrested  and 
charged  with  the  murder  at  the  instigation 
of  another  Chelsea  pensioner,  one  Robert 
Chambers.  At  the  trial  the  evidence  given 
by  Chambers  was  proved  to  be  utterly 
false,  and  both  the  accused  were  duly 
acquitted,  instead  of  being  hanged  and 
,  their  bodies  left  to  swing  on  the  gibbet. 
The  Muster  Rolls  of  the  Royal  Hospital 
.for  April,  1766,  show  that  the  informer 
Chambers's  name  had  disappeared  from  the 
list,  and  that  Gould  and  Stevens  were  stil 
inmates  of  the  Hospital. 

There  is  little  doubt  that  the  rest  of  the 
story  relating  to  the  postboy  and  the 
drunken  parsons  has  as  little  foundation  in 
fact,  and  it  is  a  pity  such  legends  are  re 
peated  without  examination.  Unfortunately 
there  is  much  "  local  history  ??  of  this  nature 

J.  H.  Q. 

ORDINARIES  OF  NEWGATE.  (See  10  S.  vii 
408,  454;  viii.  10,  278.)— In  Knapp  and 
Baldwin's  '  Newgate  Calendar,'  iii.  47,  there 
is  a  description  of  the  execution  of  the  Rev 
Benjamin  Russen  on  12  Dec.,  1777,  and  it  i? 
stated  that  he  was  accompanied  to  Tyburn 


y    the     Rev.    Mr.    Hughes,    the    Ordinary. 
This  person,  therefore,  probably  succeeded 
he  Rev.   John  Wood   (appointed  in  June, 
.769),  and  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  John 
V7illette. 
The  full  list  of  Ordinaries  from   1698  to 

L831    is    as    follows :     Paul    Lorrain,    

Purney,  James  Guthrie,  John  Taylor, 
Stephen  Roe,  John  Moore,  John  Wood, 
Hughes,  John  Villette,  Dr.  Brownlow 


?ord,  Horace  S.  Cotton. 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

THE  COMMON  HANGMAN.  (See  10  S.  viii. 
244,  335,  353,  376.)— MB.  HORACE  BLEACK- 
LEY,  at  the  first  reference,  gave  some  account 
of  a  Newgate  hangman  who  apparently  held 
the  office  for  nearly  twenty  years — from  1752 
to  1771— and  who  is  named  Tallis  in  The 
Covent  Garden  Journal  of  16  May,  1752, 
and  Turlis  in  The  Public  Advertiser  of 
12  April,  1771. 

A  third  variant  of  the  name  can  now  be 
supplied.  There  was  advertised  in  The 
Gazetteer  and  New  Daily  Advertiser  of 
2  January,  1765,  the  first  number  of  a  six- 
penny monthly,  The  Newgate  Magazine  ;  or, 
Malefactor's  Monthly  Chronicle,  with  which 
was  '"  given  a  Print  of  Mr.  Thomas  Tullis, 
the  present  Executioner,  commonly  called 
Jack  Ketch."  ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS 

SAMUEL  PATERSON  AND  THE  EARLDOM  OF 
CASSILIS. — The  General  Evening  Post  of 
1-3  January,  1793,  contained  the  following  : 

"Mr.  Samuel  Paterson,  Jr.,  a  clerk  in  the  Sun 
Fire  Office  and  eldest  son  of  the  much  esteemed 
Samuel  Paterson,  now  Librarian  to  the  Marquis  of 
Lansdowne,  is  said  to  he  the  heir  to  the  Earldom  and 
estates  of  Cassilis.  His  claim  is  by  the  femalejine, 
which  the  Scotch  law  of  inheritance  sanctions. 

This  naturally  excites  interest  in  the  lady 
who  was  the  wife  of  the  elder  and  mother 
of  the  younger  Paterson — both  of  whom  are 
in  the  *  D.N.B.'  In  Ayre's  Sunday  London 
Gazette,  19  December,  1790,  appeared  the 
following  obituary  notice,  obviously  in- 
spired, if  not  written,  by  Samuel  Paterson 
the  husband  : — 

"A  few  days  since  [25  November],  in  the  67th 
year  of  her  age,  Mrs.  Hamilton  Lewis  Paterson, 
the  beloved  wife  of  Mr.  Samuel  Paterson,  late  ot 
King  Street,  Covent  Garden,  after  an  union  of  4o 
years,  three  months,  and  one  day,  and  on  luesday, 
sennight  her  remains  were  deposited  in  her  hus- 
band's family  vault,  in  St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden. 
She  was  a  granddaughter  of  the  ancient  and  noble 
houses  of  Kennedy  and  Cochran,  in  North  Britain  ; 
niece  of  the  late  all-accomplished  Susanna,  Countess 
of  Eglington,  cousin  germain  to  the  present  i^ari 
of  Cassilis  and  Eglington ;  and  in  near  consanguinity 
with  several  other  of  the  most  noble  and  illustriou& 


326 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  n.  OCT.  22, 1910. 


families  in  Scotland  —  to  wit :  Hamilton  and 
Brandon,  Duudonald,  Sutherland,  Galloway, 
Strathmore,  &c.,  &c. 

The  dark  and  silent  grave 

When  we  have  wander 'd  all  our  ways, 

Shuts  up  the  story  of  our  days." 

The  younger  Paterson,  whose  claim  to  the 
Earldom  of  Cassilis  does  not  appear  to  have 
been  prosecuted,  or,  at  all  events,  was 
unsuccessful,  was  a  minor  artist,  and 
exhibited  a  portrait  of  an  artist  at  the  R.A. 
1789,  No.  390.  His  address  is  given  as  Sun 
Fire  Office,  and  this  exhibit  seems  to  have 
been  his  only  one.  He  appears  in  Graves' s 
*  Royal  Academy  Exhibitors  '  under  '  Pat- 
terson.' W.  ROBERTS. 

NAPOLEON  I.  :  SATIRIC  PARODY. — The 
following  satire  may  be  curious  enough  for 
preservation,  if  not  generally  known,  as  an 
indication  of  the  feeling  towards  Bonaparte 
in  England  during  the  terrible  French  wars. 
It  is  confirmed  by  the  fact  that  an  ancestress 
of  mine,  with  her  brothers  and.  sisters,  when 
children,  had  regularly  after  dinner  to  drink 
s,  glass  of  wine,  after  repeating  the  toast 
"  Confusion  to  Bonaparte  !  n 

The  satire  is  copied  from  a  MS.  volume  in 
my  possession,  in  the  handwriting  of  W.  G.  ; 
but  whether  by  him,  or  merely  copied  from 
a  paper,  I  am  unaware.  It  is  dated  January, 
1814:— 

Napoleon  the  First  and  Last, 

By  the  Wrath  of  Heaven 

Emperor  of  the  Jacobins, 

Protector  of  the  Confederation  of  Rogues, 

Mediator  of  the  Hellish  League, 

Grand  Cross  of  the  Legion  of  Horror, 

And  Commander-in-Chief 

Of  the  Legion  of  Skeletons 

Left  at  Moscow,  Smolinsk,  and  Leipsic, 

Head  Runner  of  Runaways, 

Deserter  of  Smorgsnic, 

Burner  of  the  Bridge  of  Leipsic, 

Mock  High  Priest  of  the  Sanhedrim, 

Mock  Prophet  of  Musselmen, 

Mock  Pillar  of  Christian  Faith, 

Chief  Gaoler  of  the  Holy  Father 

And  of  the  King  of  Spain, 
High  Admiral  of  the  Invasion  Praams, 

Cup-Bearer  of  the  Jaffa  Poison, 

Arch-Chancellor  of  Waste- Paper  Treaties, 

Arch-Treasurer  of  the  Plunder  of  the  World, 

&c.  &c.  &c. 

D.  J. 

THE  'MISTLETOE  BOUGH*  CHEST.  —  The 
following  note  may  be  worthy  of  a  place  in 
'  N.  &  Q.'  :— 

"  The  Harwell  Chest  is  said  to  be  of  the  age  of 
Henry  VII.  It  formed  a  part  of  the  curious 
furniture  of  Marwell  Hall  during  the  last  century, 
and  was  purchased  from  thence  at  one  of  the  sales 
by  an  inhabitant  of  Upham,  from  whom  it  came 
into  the  hands  of  the  Rector,  the  Rev.  John 


Haygarth,  and  afterwards  passed  to  his  daughter, 
Mrs.  Eyre.  Henry  VIII.,  on  his  marriage  with 
Jane  Seymour,  brought  her  as  a  bride  to  Marwell 
Hall,  which  had  belonged  to  the  Bishops  of  Win- 
chester, but  which  Henry  wrested  from  them  and 
bestowed  on  the  Protector  Somerset. 

"  The  story  of  the  lady  who  had  hidden  in  it  and 
was  unable  to  get  out,  owing  to  the  spring  lock, 
and  was  found  dead — see  the  old  song — was  told 
of  the  chest  when  bought  from  Marwell.  The 
Rev.  John  Haygarth  is  named  in  the  '  P.  and  F. 
Dictionary  '  as  owner  of  the  '  very  chest.'  " 

These  particulars  were  furnished  to  me 
by  Miss  Eyre,  who  gathered  them  from 
the  parchment  kept  in  the  chest  by  her 
grandfather.  The  "last  century n  means, 
of  course,  the  eighteenth, 

E.  L.  H.  TEW,  M.A. 

Upham  Rectory,  Southampton. 

TOUCHING  FOB  THE  KING'S  EVIL  IN 
1643. — In  a  paper  on  this  subject  published 
by  the  Stuttgart  Morgeriblatt  of  8  August, 
1829,  and  subsequent  dates  the  following 
book  is  quoted  :  G*,  '  Traite  de  la  guerison 
des  ecrouelles  par  1'attouchement  des  sep- 
tenaires,'  Aix,  1643.  L.  L.  K. 

IVANHOE  :  CEDRIC. — Both  these  forms  are 
mere  inventions  ;  and  it  is  not  easy  to  see 
why  it  was  worth  while  to  invent  them. 
Scott  himself  tells  us  that  Ivanhoe  was 
suggested  .by  the  place-name  Ivinghoe 
(Bucks). 

The  absurd  form  Cedric  is  a  perversion  of 
Cerdic.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

PINCUSHION  BIRTH  -  RECORDS.  —  It  was  a 
custom  amongst  the  middle  class  a  hundred 
and  fifty  years  ago  to  record  the  births  of 
girls  by  making  a  pincushion  on  which  the 
name  of  the  child  was  placed,  together  with 
the  names  of  the  parents  and  the  date  of 
birth.  One  such  I  have,  and  it  is  an  inter- 
esting piece  of  work,  the  letters  and  figures 
done  with  wire-headed  pins.  The  inscrip- 
tion is  : — 

Mary  Daughter 
of  Abraham  And 
Frances  Gregory 
Born  Aug  29. 

On  the  other  side  are  ornaments,   a  heart 
over  a  crown  above  the  letters 

1  7 

M  G 

5  1 

with  the  year  at  the  corners,  as  shown. 
Two  other  crowns  are  at  either  end  between 
the  figures.  The  cushion  is  beautifully 
made,  with  silk  tassels  at  each  corner, 
material  is  yellow  brocaded  silk,  or  "  yellow 
silk  brocade,5'  as  I  am  told  is  the  present-day 
phrasing  ;  and  though  faded,  the  colour  is 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  22, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


827 


good.  These  cushions  were  mostly  made  by 
that  domestic  institution  "  the  maiden  aunt.u 
The  needlework  is  so  good  that  it  is  difficult 
to  say  on  which  side  the  final  sewing  was 
done  after  the  cushion  was  stuffed. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 
Worksop. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
ia  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

GEORGE  ELIOT.  —  I  should  be  very  grateful 
to  be  put  into  communication  with  the 
family  of  Mr.  J.  W.  Cross  (husband  of  George 
Eliot)  or  Mr.  Charles  Lee  Lewes,  as  I  require 
information  on  a  few  details  in  connexion 
with  a  special  study  I  am  making  of  part 
of  George  Eliot's  life  and  works.  Please 
communicate  with  me  direct. 

(Miss)    MARY    DEAKIN. 

The  University,  Manchester. 

REV.  ROWLAND  HILL'S  AUTOGRAPH 
LETTERS.  —  Can  any  correspondent  of 
*  N.  &  Q.*  help  me  to  trace  the  autograph 
letters  and  MSS.  of  the  Rev.  Rowland  Hill, 
sold  by  auction  with  other  autograph  letters 
at  "The  County  Mart,"  Shrewsbury,  on  Wed- 
nesday, 25  November,  1896  ?  The  letters 
formed  lots  343  to  381,  according  to  the 
printed  catalogue  of  the  sale  in  mypossession. 
A  direct  reply  will  greatly  oblige. 

ALFRED  LEEDES  HUNT. 
Great  Snoring  Rectory,  Fakenham,  Norfolk. 

ARCHBISHOP  LAUD  :  LINES  ON  ENGRAVED 
PORTRAIT.  —  Can  any  one  tell  me  if  any 
engraved  portraits  of  Laud  are  accompanied 
by  eight  lines  beginning  thus  ?  — 

Great  Metropolitan  of  Martyrs  !    This 
Is  but  thy  Shadow's  Metempsycosis. 

G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 

WALTER  SMITH,  c.  1650.—  A  poem  of   the 
period    1635-55    is    addressed    'To    Walter 
Smith,  an  Excellent  Artificer,  *  and  declares 
Thy  narrow  well-wrought  mathematiques  strike 
my  heart. 

Is  anything  known  of  him  ? 

G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 
The  University,  Sheffield. 

"  BLANKET  "  AS  A  VERB.—  Speaking  at 
Walthamstow  on  10  October  about  the 
Osborne  judgment,  the  Solicitor  -General  said 
it  was  a  free  country,  and  he  had  no  intention 
to  blanket  his  opinion.  See  Times  report 
(11  October). 


What  does  "  blanket il  mean  in  this  con- 
nexion ?  Did  Mr.  Simon  mean  that  he  had 
no  intention  to  conceal  his  opinion,  to  cover 
it  as  with  a  blanket  ?  Is  not  this  a  very 
unusual  use  of  the  word  ?  There  is  no 
quotation  for  such  a  use  in  '  N.E.D.* 

A.  L.  MAYHEW. 

Wadham  College,  Oxford. 

WATERMARKS  IN  PAPER. — I  shall  be  much 
obliged  if  any  one  can  refer  me  to  books 
describing  watermarks  in  paper  in  early  times, 
with  names  of  paper -makers.  I  do  not  see 
any  references  to  this  subject  in  the  last  fif- 
teen volumes  of  '  N.  &  Q.z  E.  A.  FRY. 

[See  C.  M.  Briquet's  '  Filigranes,'  4  vols.,  1907; 
J.  E.  Hodgkin's  '  Rariora,'  vol.  ii.,  1902;  and  H. 
Bayley's  '  New  Light  on  the  Renaissance.'  A  review 
of  the  last-named  appeared  in  The  Athenceum, 
18  September,  1909,  which  should  be  consulted.] 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 
Knock,  knock,  but  you  cannot  come  in, 
For  the  door  is  brass,  and  the  bolt  is  sin ; 
Stand  on  the  threshold  trembling  and  cold, 
Beautiful  angel  with  hair  of  gold. 

J.  D.  M. 

Philadelphia. 

They  are  but  phantoms  now,  their  day  is  done. 
They  lived,  and  loved,  and  died,  and  now  are  dust : 
Shadows,  and  passed  into  their  shadowy  land 
Whence  there  is  no  return.    This  is  long  past, 
Yet  not  so  very  long  but  that  a  breath, 
A  dreamy  memory  of  them,  lingers  still 
On  air  that  once  they  breathed. 

F.  J.  Cox. 

"  I  would  not  wish  thee  riches,  nor  even  the  glow 
of  greatness  ;  but  that  wheresoe'er  thou  goest  some 
weary  face  may  brighten  at  thy  smile,  some  aching 
heart  know  sunshine  for  a  while." 

R.  M.  SERJEANTSON. 

St.  Peter's  Rectory,  Northampton. 

Writing  about  Diirer  in  *  Modern  Painters,* 
Ruskin  quotes  a  sentence  beginning  :— 

"We  had  prayed  with  tears,  we  had  loved  with 
our  hearts." 
Where  can  I  find  the  remainder  ? 

J.  D. 

Camoys  Court,  Barcombe,  Lewes. 

Perils  stood  thick  through  all  the  ground, 
And  fierce  diseases  wait  around. 

A.  RHODES. 

"  He  sentenced  the  thief  unheard  rather  than  eat 
his  mutton  cold." 

W.  W.  R. 

'OLD  WISHART'S  GRAVE.' — Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  oblige  me  with  the  full 
text  (or  refer  me  to  a  source  where  I  can 
find  it)  of  '  Old  Wishart's  Grave,1  a  story 


328 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        11  s.  IL  OCT.  22, 1910. 


in  verse  which  I  heard  recited  many  years 
ago  ?  It  illustrates  satirically  the  (alleged) 
physical  deterioration  of  the  human  race, 
and  tells  how  Hodge  the  sexton,  in  digging 
a  grave,  lays  bare  a  coffin-lid  of  huge  size. 
From  it  proceeds  a  mighty  voice,  demanding, 

Who  dares 
Disturb  the  quiet  of  Old  Wishart's  grave  ? 

Hodge  tremblingly  states  his  vocation  and 
errand,  and  a  colloquy  ensues  in  which 
the  voice  asks  what  year  it  is,  and  learns  that 
some  thousand  years  have  passed  since  the 
voice  (or  its  owner)  was  interred. 

H.  D.  ELLIS. 
7,  Roland  Gardens,  S.W. 

CANONS,  MIDDLESEX. — When  was  this 
famous  eighteenth-century  house  begun  ? 
There  seem  to  be  two  dates  suggested,  1712 
and  1715.  But  surely  some  contemporary 
whose  word  is  trustworthy  must  have 
recorded  the  beginning  of  so  important  an 
affair.  Authorities  of  later  date  are  not  so 
satisfactory.  NEL  MEZZO. 

"  CRUSIE,'*  SCOTTISH  LAMP. — Information 
is  requested  on  this  subject,  especially 
literary  references  and  descriptions  of  the 
lamps  called  "  crusies,?i  formerly  used  in 
Scotland.  Are  there  any  books,  such  as 
archaeological  society  proceedings,  containing 
illustrations  of  the  various  shapes  ? 

E.  H.  LANE. 

[Four  Scottish  quotations  will  be  found  in  the 
'N.E.D.' for  this  sense.] 

"  OPUSCULUM." — Can  your  readers  give 
me  the  date  of  the  earliest  use  of  this  word, 
and  where  and  by  whom  so  used  ?  I  have 
traced  it  back  to  Sir  Francis  Bacon,  but  not 
earlier.  JAS.  CURTIS,  F.S.A. 

[The  earliest  quotation  in  the  'N.E.LV  is  from 
Gay  ton,  1654.] 

NEVILL,  LOBD  LATIMEB. — Can  any  reader 
inform  me  of  the  marriages,  and  conse- 
quently the  quarterings,  of  the  Latimer 
branch  of  the  Nevills,  up  to  the  marriage  of 
Elizabeth,  daughter  and  heir  of  John 
Nevill,  with  Sir  Thomas  Willoughby,  ancestor 
of  the  Willoughbys  de  Broke  ?  J.  E.  T. 

KNIGHTHOOD. — Can  any  one  kindly  tell  me 
where  the  following  quotation  referring  to 
knighthood  occurs  ? — 

"That  honour  with  which  Sir  WTalter  Raleigh 
was  content,  and  for  which  Sir  Isaac  Newton  was 
ambitious." 

It  is  said  to  be  in  one  of  the  early  novels 
of  Disraeli,  but  I  have  not  been  able  to 
find  it.  GEORGE  S.  SEAWARD. 


ENGLISH  WINE  AND  SPIRIT  GLASSES. — 
Mr.  W.  E.  Wynn  Penny  in  a  paper  in  The 
Connoisseur  of  March,  1902,  on  '  Engli&h 
Wine  and  Spirit  Glasses  of  the  Late  Seven- 
teenth Century,'  writes  : — 

"  Fifty  years  ago,  in  a  small  town  in  one  of  our 
Western  counties,  there  resided  two  gentlemen 
with  a  very  keen  appreciation  of  these  beautiful 
and  delicate  objects,  and  it  is  from  the  collection 
formed  by  one  of  them  that  the  glasses  illustrating 
this  paper  are  taken." 

Can  any  one  say  where  this  town  was,  who 
the  collectors  were,  and  where  the  collections 
now  are  ?  Is  there  any  trustworthy  text- 
book on  these  seventeenth-century  glasses  ? 
I  possess  several  of  them. 

T.  CANN  HUGHES,  M.A.,  F.S.A, 
Lancaster. 

CORPSE    BLEEDING    IN    PRESENCE     OF    THE 

MURDERER. — MR.  JOHN  C.  FRANCIS  in  his 
article  on  the  Plantagenet  tombs  (ante, 
p.  223)  includes  a  quotation  reporting  that 
a  stream  of  blood  was  believed  to  have 
issued  from  the  nostrils  of  Henry  II.  when 
his  son  Richard  stood  before  him,  and  to 
have  ceased  only  when  the  son  departed. 
This  was  considered  to  be  a  sign  that  the 
son  was  the  father's  murderer. 

Are  any  earlier  instances  known  of  the 
presence  of  a  supposed  murderer  causing  a 
corpse  to  bleed  afresh  ?  Old  people  still 
remember  that  when  they  were  young  this 
was  a  prevalent  superstition.  ASTARTE. 

THOMAS  PAINE'S  EARLY  LIFE. — Could 
any  reader  give  information  as  to  where 
Thomas  Paine's  early  life  was  spent  ?  An 
old  Dover  resident,  who  received  the  in- 
formation from  a  still  older  resident,  told 
me  that  before  Paine  went  to  America  he 
had  a  shop,  as  a  staymaker,  at  No.  6,  Snar- 
gate  Street,  Dover. 

JOHN  BAVINGTON  JONES. 

Dover. 

[Have  you  consulted  Moncure  Conway's  '  Life  of 
Paine,'  in  two  volumes  ?] 

ARCHBISHOP  OF  COLOGNE  :  Two  TRACTS. 
— '  The  Edicte  of  the  Archbishop  and  Elector 
of  Cologne,  touching  the  bringing  in  of  the 
exercise  of  Christian  religion,*  London  (1583), 

S'ofesses  to  be  a  translation  from  the  High 
utch. 

'The  Declaration  of  the  Archbishop  of 
Cologne  on  the  Deede  of  his  Marriage,1 
London,  1583,  professes  to  be  a  translation 
from  a  Latin  proclamation  of  Gebhard  of 
Cologne,  together  with  a  letter  from  the 
Pope  to  Gebhard,  and  Gebhard's  answer  t 
the  same. 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  22,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


329 


I  should  be  much  obliged  for  information 
which  would  enable  me  to  trace  the  originals 
of  these  two  tracts,  both  presumably  by 
Thomas  Deloney.  F.  O.  M. 

THE  "HALLS''-  DISTRICT.— Can  any  of 
your  readers  tell  me  where  I  can  obtain 
accurate  information  regarding  the  "  Halls  ?i 
district  of  Cheshire  and  Shropshire,  more 
especially  of  old  manor  houses  and  town- 
ships round  about  Crewe,  Nantwich,  Madeley, 
Market  Dray  ton,  &c.  ?  I  should  like  infor- 
mation regarding  ecclesiastical  antiquities, 
rural  customs,  natural  curiosities,  monu- 
ments, family  seats,  &c.  I  am  aware  of  the 
county  histories  of  Ormerod,  Eyton,  and 
others,  but  have  no  access  to  them,  they 
being  in  limited  editions  and  expensive.  In 
the  "  Highways  and  Byways "  series  the 
district  has  not  yet,  I  think,  been  overtaken. 
WM.  C.  MITCHELL. 

Greenock. 

G.  J.  APPS  :  '  RETURNING  FROM  CHURCH.' 
— I  have  an  oil  picture,  the  canvas  4  ft.  2  in. 
by  3  ft.  8  in.,  representing  a  village  church 
with  graveyard,  neighbouring  barn,  cottages, 
&c.,  and  the  people  coming  from  church. 
It  depicts  the  squire  dropping  a  silver  coin 
into  a  beggar's  hat  ;  his  lady,  one  arm  in 
his,  and  leading  a  wee  girl  ;  their  two  old 
servants  following,  besides  other  figures. 
From  the  costumes  one  would  imagine  the 
picture  to  be  of  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth 
century,  but  the  name  and  date  in  the  corner 
are  "  G.  J.  Apps,  1851."  On  the  back  of  the 
picture  there  is  inscribed  '  Returning  from 
Church,  Loose,  Kent.1 

Do  any  of  your  readers  know  the  history 
of  this  picture  ?  Has  it  been  engraved  ? 
Who  was  G.  J.  Apps  ? 

CHARLES  SWYNNERTON. 

STATESMAN  IN  '  FRIENDS  IN  COUNCIL.'— 
Who  is  the  statesman  alluded  to  in  '  Friends 
in  Council,'  vol.  ii.  Series  II.  p.  169,  who  ought 
to  have  taken  rides  in  an  omnibus  instead  of 
going  to  Cabinet  Councils  ?  J.  D. 

Camoys  Court,  Barcombe,  Lewes. 

OLIVER  CROMWELL'S  GUN-BARREL,  1632. 
— I  have  an  old  gun-barrel  which  has  evi- 
dently burst  while  being  discharged.  It  is 
inscribed  "  Oliver  Cromwell — Huntingdon — 
1632,"  and  was  for  long  in  the  possession  of 
some  descendants  of  Cromwell  (on  the 
female  side),  while  I  have  every  reason  to 
believe  in  its  authenticity. 

Any  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'-  who  can  inform 
nae  direct  whether  it  was  customary  for 
country  gentlemen  of  the  period  to  have  their 


guns  so  marked,  or  if  anything  is  known  of 
a  gun  accident  to  Cromwell  or  one  of  his 
family,  will  much  oblige  me.       C.  MOORE. 
50,  Preston  Street,  Brighton. 

OTFORD,  KENT  :  PERHIRR  AND  BELLOT. — • 
Can  any  of  your  readers  favour  me  with  an 
interpretation  of  the  following,  which  I  have 
culled  from  the  records  of  this  parish  ? — • 
"Duaid  Perhirr  aaus  nulliod  te  Orizuboth 
Bellot,  Jary  the  31st,  1719.n 

The  entry  is  in  rather  archaic  handwriting, 
and  I  should  be  pleased  to  send  a  tracing  of 
it  to  any  one  interested.  C.  HESKETH. 

Shoreham  Road,  Otford,  Kent. 

POULTNEY  :   PULTENEY  :   POUNTNEY. 

I  should  be  glad  if  some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.* 
would  tell  me  when,  and  why,  the  name 
Poultney  or  Pulteney  became  changed  to 
Pountney.  The  church  of  St.  Lawrence 
Pountney  has  been  so  called,  I  believe,  for 
several  centuries,  although  the  founder's 
name  was  Sir  John  Poultney.  Replies 
may  be  sent  direct. 

MARGARET  HARDISTY. 
Sydney  Lodge,  Russell  Terrace,  Leamington. 

LOVELL  FAMILY. — I  shall  be  glad  of  infor- 
mation about  Thomas  Lovell,  Kt.,  and 
William  Lovell,  Esq.,  who  were  the  Par- 
liamentary representatives  of  Midhorst, 
Sussex,  in  1553.  Were  they  descendants 
of  Henry  Lovel  of  Harting,  Sussex,  Lord  of 
the  Manor  of  Little  Preston  in  Northants, 
who  died  in  1501  ?  THOS.  H.  WRIGHT. 

DR.  FRANCIS  WRIGHT. — I  seek  information 
also  about  the  Rev.  Francis  Wright,  D.D., 
who  died  in  1655,  and  is  said  by  Burke  to  be 
descended  from  John  Wright  of  Plowland, 
Holderness,  whose  marriage  with  Alice, 
dau.  of  John  Ryther,  in  1390  is  also  given. 
Who  were  the  descendants  of  the  above 
Rev.  Francis  ? 

Please  reply  direct.      THOS.  H.  WRIGHT. 
142,  Wellingborough  Road,  Northampton. 

STERNE  FAMILY. — I  have  in  my  library 
a  Prayer-Book,  Church  of  England,  printed 
in  French,  1 706,  and  over  the  preface  appears 
the  name  of  "Agnus  Sterne,'2  the  mother 
of  Laurence  Sterne.  The  book  came  from 
Halifax,  where  the  family  of  the  illustrious 
author  resided.  This  branch  of  the  family 
of  Tristram  Shandy  became  extinct  in  1783. 
I  should  be  pleased  to  know  if  any  repre- 
sentatives directly  descended  from  Arch- 
bishop Sterne  are  living. 

R.    M.    HUTCHINSON-LOW. 

70,  Philbeach  Gardens,  S.W. 


330 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        en  s.  IL  OCT.  22, 1910. 


&ICHARD    CROMWELL'S    DAUGHTER. 

(11   S.  ii.   287.) 

ELIZABETH,  the  eldest  child  of  Richard 
Cromwell  the  Protector  and  Dorothy 
Major  of  Hursley,  Hants,  was  born  in 
1650.  She  is  "  the  little  brat "  after 
whose  welfare  her  grandfather  Oliver  in- 
quires in  a  letter  to  Mr.  Major  of  17  July. 
On  the  death  of  their  father  in  1715,  his 
only  son  Oliver  having  died  ten  years  earlier, 
Elizabeth  and  her  younger  sister  Anna, 
wife  of  Dr.  Thomas  Gibson,  Physician- 
General  of  the  Army  (see  '  D.N.B.,'  xxi. 
284),  sold  the  family  estate  at  Hursley  to  Sir 
William  Heathcote  for  34,OOOZ.  or  35,OOOZ, 
The  two  sisters  lived  together  in  Bedford 
Row.  Anna  Gibson  died  in  1727,  aged  68, 
and  a  marble  monument  in  St.  George's 
Chapel  in  the  Foundling  Hospital  com- 
memorates husband  and  wife.  Thomas 
Hearne,  under  date  1719,  says  : — 

"  On  Saturday,  5  September,  came  to  Oxford  two 

daughters  of  Richard  Cromwell They  are  both 

Presbyterians,  as  is  also  Dr.  Gibson,  who  was  with 
them.  They  were  at  the  Presbyterian  Meeting- 
house in  Oxford  on  Sunday  morning  and  evening, 
and  yesterday  they  and  all  the  gang  with  them 
dined  at  Dr.  Gibson's,  the  Provost  of  Queen's,  who 
is  related  to  them,  and  made  a  great  entertainment 
for  them,  expecting  something  trom  them,  the 


physician  being  said  to  be  worth  £30,000. 
went  from  Oxford  after  dinner." 


They 


Mr.  Hewling  Luson  (related  to  Henry 
Cromwell's  line)  says  : — 

"I  have  been  several  times  in  company  with  these 
ladies.  They  were  well-bred,  well-dressed,  stately 
women,  exactly  punctilious;  but  they  seemed, 
especially  Mistress  Cromwell,  to  carry  about  them 
a  consciousness  of  high  rank,  accompanied  with  a 
secret  dread  that  those  with  whom  they  conversed 
should  not  observe  and  acknowledge  it.  They  had 
neither  the  good  sense  nor  the  great  enthusiasm  of 
Mrs.  Bendysh  [Bridget,  third  daughter  of  Bridget 
Cromwell  and  Henry  Ireton,  married  Thomas 
Bendysh  in  1669].  But  as  the  daughters  of  Ireton 
had  dignity  without  pride,  the  daughters  of  Richard 
Vyromwell  had  pride  without  much  dignity." 

Elizabeth  Cromwell  appointed  as  executors 
Richard  and  Thomas  Cromwell,  grandsons 
of  Henry,  Lord-Lieutenant  of  Ireland, 
desiring  them  to  erect  in  Hursley  Church 
a  monument  setting  forth  all  the  particulars 
of  the  Cromwell  and  Major  alliances,  a  task 
which  they  piously  performed. 

Henry  Cromwell,  Lord-Lieutenant  of  Ire- 
land, married  on  10  May,  1653,  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Sir  Francis  Russell  of  Chippen- 


ham,  Bt.  Their  second  son  Major  Henry 
Cromwell,  born  in  Dublin  1658,  married 
Hannah,  daughter  of  Benjamin  Hewling, 
granddaughter  of  William  Kyffiii,  and  sister 
of  Benjamin  and  William  Hewling,  all 
adherents  of  the  unfortunate  Monmouth. 

Richard  Cromwell,  the  fifth  son  of  Major 
Henry,  was  born  at  Hackney  in  1695,  and 
became  an  eminent  attorney  and  solicitor 
in  Chancery.  On  3  September,  1723,  he 
married  Sarah,  the  daughter  of  Ebenezer 
Gatton  of  Southwark,  niece,  and  eventually 
a  coheiress,  of  Sir  Robert  Thornhill.  a 
wealthy  attorney  of  Red  Lion  Square. 
The  ceremony  was  performed  in  the  chapel 
at  Whitehall  by  Dr.  Edmund  Gibson, 
Bishop  of  London,  nephew  of  the  Dr. 
Thomas  Gibson  who  married  Anna  Crom- 
well. Richard  Cromwell  eventually  re- 
moved to  Hampstead,  where  he  died  in 
1759,  and  was  buried  in  the  family  vault  in 
Bunhill  Fields.  He  left  two  sons  and  four 
daughters,  none  of  whom  married. 

Richard's  younger  brother  Thomas  Crom- 
well, the  seventh  son  of  Major  Henry,  and 
the  only  one  of  his  eight  sons  whose  de- 
scendants survive,  was  born  at  Hackney  in 
1699,  and  became  a  partner  of  his  brother 
Henry,  a  wholesale  provision  merchant 
and  sugar-refiner  on  Snowhill.  On  quitting 
business  he  retired  to  Bridgwater  Square, 
and,  dying  in  1748  (or  1752  ?),  was  buried 
in  Bunhill  Fields.  He  was  twice  married  : 
first  to  Frances,  daughter  of  John  Tidman, 
merchant  ;  and  secondly  to  Mary,  daughter 
of  Nicholas  Skinner,  merchant.  By  the 
first  marriage  he  had  three  sons  and  two 
daughters,  but  only  one  left-  issue.  This 
was  Anne,  who  in  1753  was  married  to  John 
Field,  an  apothecary  (see  *  D.N.B.,'  xviii. 
399,  402,  405).  By  his  second  marriage  with 
Mary  Skinner  (who  lived  to  nearly  105  years 
of  age)  Thomas  Cromwell  had  three  sons  and 
three  daughters.  None  of  these  had  issue 
except  the  eldest,  Oliver  Cromwell  of  Ches- 
hunt  (1742-1821),  author  of  'Memoirs  of 
the  Protector  Oliver  Cromwell  and  of  his 
Two  Sons,  Richard  and  Henry,'  who,  by  his 
wife 


Mary  Morse,  left  a  daughter  Elizabeth 
Oliveria  Cromwell  ( 1 777-1 849).  She  married 
in  1801  Thomas  Artemidorus  Russell  of 
Thurston,  co.  Hereford,  and  left  numerous 
descendants.  (See  '  The  House  of  Crom- 
well,' by  James  Waylen,  1897.  pp.  37-67.) 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

Thomas  Cromwell,  seventh  son  of  Major 
Henry  Cromwell,  was  a  grocer  at  Snowhill. 
He  married  twice.  By  his  first  wife, 
Frances  Tidman,  he  had  five  children.  By 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  22, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


331 


his  second  wife,  Mary,  daughter  of  Nicholas 
Skinner,  who  survived  her  husband,  he  had 
five  more  children.  Of  these  children, 
Richard  and  Elizabeth  died  young  ;  there 
was  another  daughter,  Hannah  Hewling ; 
and  two  sons,  Oliver  and  Thomas,  went  to 
St.  Paul's  School,  London.  The  entry  in 
the  Admission  Registers  of  that  school 
reads  : — 

"  1751,  Dec.  4,  Oliver  Cromwell,  aged  9,  son  of 
Mary  C.,  widow,  of  Paternoster  Row.  Thomas 
Cromwell,  aged  8,  son  of  Mary  C.,  widow,  of 
Paternoster  Row." 

Oliver  became  an  attorney  in  partnership 
with  a  Mr.  Harrison,  solicitor  in  Chancery, 
address  Essex  Street,  Strand.  He  married 
in  1771  Mary,  daughter  of  Morgan  Morse, 
and  had  three  children  :  a  son,  who  died 
young ;  Oliver,  b.  1782,  d.  1785  ;  and 
Elizabeth  Oliverea,  b.  1777. 

Thomas  was  apprenticed  to  an  ironmonger 
in  the  Strand.  Later  he  was  a  lieutenant 
in  the  E.I.C.S.,  and  died  unmarried  in  1771. 

These  particulars  are  from  a  manuscript 
note  which  I  made  to  p.  97  of  Gardiner's 
*  Admission  Registers  of  St.  Paul's  School ' 
about  fifteen  years  ago.  I  have  forgotten 
my  "  authority,"  but  it  would  be  probably 
Noble's  '  House  of  Cromwell.' 

CHAS.  A.  BERNATJ. 


The  following  obituary  notice  referring 
to  another  Richard  Cromwell's  daughter, 
also  named  Elizabeth,  may  perhaps  prove  of 
interest  under  this  heading.  It  is  taken 
from  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  Novem- 
ber, 1792  (p.  1058)  :— 

"  At  Hampstead,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Cromwell,  eldest 
daughter  and  last  surviving  child  of  Mr.  Richard  C., 

Sandson  of  Henry,  lord-lieutenant  of  Ireland, 
er  sisters  Anne  died  in  1777,  and  Letitia  in  1789. 
She  has  left  the  bulk  of  her  fortune  to  Mr.  Oliver 
Cromwell,  attorney,  clerk  of  the  Million  bank,  &c.  ; 
5'JW.  to  the  children  of  Mr.  —  Field,  of  Newington, 
late  an  apothecary,  of  Newgate-street,  London, 
who  married  her  cousin,  her  uncle  Thomas's 
daughter  ;  and  a  handsome  legacy  to  Mrs.  Moreland, 
relict  of  Richard  Hinde,  esq.  whose  mother  was  her 
maternal  aunt,  and  who,  with  her  brother,  jointly 
possessed  Cheshunt  park,  the  moiety  of  which,  on 
his  death,  devolved  to  them,  subject  to  his  widow's 
jointure." 

I  presume  the  Oliver  Cromwell  mentioned 
above  was  the  builder  of  Cheshunt  House, 
and  also  the  author  of  '  Memoirs  of  the 
Protector  Oliver  Cromwell  and  of  his  Sons, 
Richard  and  Henry  '  (1820). 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

[LADY  RUSSELL,  MR.  W.  SOOTT,  and  MR.  C. 
THOMAS-STANFORD  also  thanked  for  replies.] 


SPEAKER'S  CHAIR  OF  THE  OLD  HOUSE  OF 
COMMONS  (11  S.  ii.  128,  177,  218).— My  note 
on  the  preservation  of  the  Speaker's  chair 
of  the  old  House  of  Commons,  after  the 
destructive  fire  of  1834,  has  been  of  inte- 
rest to  readers  of  Masonic  literature  as 
well  as  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  It  was  reprinted  in 
full  in  The  Freemason,  where  it  initiated 
an  interesting  correspondence.  But  no 
information  has  been  given  as  to  the  dis- 
posal of  the  Speaker's  chair.  The  evidence 
is  therefore  all  in  support  of  the  statement 
that  the  chair  was  sent  down  to  Wearside, 
and  used  on  the  occasion  of  the  Duke  of 
Sussex's  visit  on  12  November,  1839.  The 
extracts  I  gave  in  reference  to  the  use  of  the 
chair,  and  its  being  the  Speaker's  chair  of 
the  old  House  of  Commons,  were  taken  from 
the  columns  of  The  Sunderland  and  Durham 
County  Herald  of  15  November,  1839,  The 
Morning  Chronicle  of  the  same  date,  and  The 
Freemason's  Quarterly  Review  for  1839, 
p.  498. 

My  personal  investigations  have  fully  con- 
firmed the  accuracy  of  the  reports  quoted; 
and  there  is  now  no  question  that  the  original 
Speaker's  chair  of  the  old  House  of  Commons 
is  yet  preserved,  and  used  as  the  Worshipful 
Master's  chair  of  the  Phoenix  Lodge  of  Free- 
masons, No.  94,  Sunderland.  I  have  been 
informed  by  the  son  of  an  old  officer  of  the 
lodge  that  there  has  always  been  a  tradition 
in  his  family  that  this  chair  was  the  one  used 
by  the  royal  duke  at  the  public  reception  in 
the  Exchange,  and  afterwards  in  the  meeting 
of  the  Phoenix  Lodge,  where  H.R.H.  pre- 
sided as  Grand  Master  of  England. 

How  it  happened  that  so  historic  a  chair 
became  the  property  of  a  Masonic  lodge  in 
the  North  of  England,  may  be  explained  by 
the  fact  that  Sir  Cuthbert  Sharp,  F.S.A.,  the 
well-known  scholar,  was  a  resident  in  Sunder- 
land for  twenty-two  years  as  Comptroller  of 
Customs.  He  was  nephew  of  Brass  Crosby, 
M.P.,  the  famous  Lord  Mayor  of  London, 
who  defended  the  liberties  of  the  City  in  the 
conflict  which  took  place  between  the  House 
of  Commons  and  the  printers  of  London, 
because  the  latter  had  published  reports  of 
the  proceedings  of  Parliament  without 
permission.  Sir  Cuthbert  Sharp  was  also 
Deputy  Provincial  Grand  Master,  under  the 
Earl  of  Durham,  for  the  Durham  and 
Northumbrian  Masonic  lodges.  The  Duke 
of  Sussex  was  not  only  Grand  Master  of  the 
English  Masonic  Order,  but  also  the  most 
intimate  friend  and  associate  of  the  1st  Earl 
of  Durham.  It  was,  therefore,  natural  that 
Sir  Cuthbert  Sharp,  with  his  antiquarian 
knowledge  and  taste,  and  being  the  third 


332 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  n.  OCT.  22, 1910. 


highest  official  in  Masonic  circles,  should 
strive  to  make  the  royal  visit  memorable  in 
the  history  of  Freemasonry  in  the  provinces 
by  providing  a  unique  chair  for  the  use  of 
the  Grand  Master  of  England  when  he 
came  into  the  county  for  a  memorable 
ceremony. 

The  chair  in  the  Phoenix  Lodge  answers  to 
the  description  given  of  the  original  chair  in 
the  old  House  of  Commons :  a  large, 
commodious  chair  with  fluted  Corinthian 
columns,  surmounted  by  the  royal  arms  with 
a  canopy.  The  only  alterations  are  that  the 
royal  arms  are  replaced  by  a  shield  with  the 
Masonic  Arms,  and  that  Masonic  emblems 
have  been  added  to  the  framework  of  the 
back  of  the  chair.  By  permission  of  the 
Worshipful  Master  of  the  Lodge,  Mr.  James 
Summers,  I  have  secured  an  excellent 
sketch  of  this  unique  relic  of  the  old  House 
of  Commons. 

I  may  add  that  Sir  Cuthbert  Sharp  was  a 
correspondent  of  Sir  Walter  Scott,  and  was 
vice-chairman  at  the  banquet  given  to  the 
Duke  of  Wellington  when  the  Duke  paid  a 
visit  to  his  brother,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wellesley, 
Rector  of  Bishop  Wearmouth,  in  1827.  Sir 
Walter  Scott  was  the  guest  of  Sir  Cuthbert 
when  the  Duke  was  welcomed  by  banquet 
and  ball.  Some  time  afterwards,  in  some 
correspondence,  the  Wearside  knight  said 
he  hoped  Sir  Walter  had  not  forgotten  his 
friends  in  Sunderland.  In  reply  Sir  Walter 
Scott  sent  the  following  lines  to  Sir  Cuthbert  : 

Forget  thee  ?  No  !  my  worthy  f rere  ! 
Forget  blythe  mirth  and  gallant  cheer  ? 
Death  sooner  stretch  me  on  my  bier  ! 

Forget  thee  ?  No. 
Forget  the  universal  shout 
When  "canny  Sunderland"  spoke  out— 
A  truth  which  knaves  affect  to  doubt  ? 

Forget  thee?  No. 
Forget  my  Surtees  in  a  ball-room  ? 
Forget  your  sprightly  dumpty  diddles 
And  beauty  tripping  to  the  fiddles  ? 
Forget  my  lovely  friends  the  Liddells  ? 

Forget  you  ?  No. 

JOHN  ROBINSON. 
Delaval  House,  Sunderland. 

PLANTAGENET  TOMBS  AT  FONTEVRATJLT 
(11  S.  ii.  184,  223,  278).— I  visited  Fonte- 
vrault  nearly  seven  years  ago,  and  saw  the 
little  town,  but  could  not  get  a  view  of  the 
tombs,  which  were  within  the  big  convict 

Frison — "  maison  centrale  de  detention." 
was  warned  in  Saumur  that  visitors  were 
not  admitted  unless  an  official  was  at  liberty 
to  take  them  round,  and  that  although  in 
summer,  when  there  were  numerous  tourists, 
guides  were  always  held  available,  in  winter 
it  was  a  case  of  taking  one's  chance.  So  it 


proved,  for  on  making  application  I  was 
informed,  very  courteously,  that  I  could  not 
be  admitted,  as  there  was  no  one  to  take 
charge  of  me,  and  I  was  shown  the  printed 
rule  in  question.  Whether  this  precaution 
was  taken  to  protect  visitors  or  to  prevent 
attempts  at  communication  with  the  convicts, 
I  did  not  discover. 

There  are  illustrations  of  the  effigies  of 
Henry  II.  and  Richard  I.  in  the  first  quarterly 
volume  of  The  Ancestor  (in  an  article  on 
the  King's  Coronation  ornaments).  Lord 
Malmesbury  relates  in  his  '  Memoirs  of  an 
ex-Minister,'  that  he  visited  Fontevrault  in 
1863,  and  wrote  to  Count  Persigny  from 
Saumur,  asking  if  the  Emperor  would  give  up 
"  ces  derniers  souvenirs  de  la  grande  race 
des  Plantagenets  "  to  Westminster  Abbey. 
Owing  to  the  ill-feeling  caused  by  some 
recent  dispatches  of  Lord  John  Russell, 
the  French  Government  refused  ;  but  the 
Emperor  promised  to  accede  to  Lord  Malmes- 
bury's  request  if  his  party  came  into  power. 
In  1866  Napoleon  prepared  to  fulfil  his 
promise,  but  the  people  of  the  district 
showed  such  violent  opposition  to  the 
removal  of  the  monuments  that  he  asked 
Lord  Derby  to  release  him  from  his  promise  ; 
so  the  transfer  was  never  carried  out. 

The  Fontevrault  charters  included  in 
Dr.  Round's  '  Calendar  of  Documents  pre- 
served in  France '  give  many  interesting 
details  of  the  grants  made  to  the  abbey 
bv  the  English  kings  and  other  persons. 

G.  H.  WHITE. 

[Reply  from  MR.  W.  S.  CORDER  shortly.] 

"  UNECTJNGGA  "  :  "  GA  "  (11  S.  ii.  143, 
211,  272).— My  point  is  that  the  Charter 
no.  297  in  Birch,  i.  414,  affords  no  support 
for  the  form  gd.  We  there  find  a  large 
number  of  names,  all  of  which  appear  to 
be  in  the  genitive  plural,  viz.,  Myrcna, 
Wocensaetna,  and  the  like  ;  and  amongst 
them  are  Nox-gaga,  Oht-gaga.  The  suffix 
would  appear  to  be  gaga,  gen.  pi.  of  a  form 
gag.  There  may  easily  have  been  such  a 
name  as  Gaeg  ;  for  we  find  the  patronymic 
Gseging  in  Kemble,  and  the  gen.  case 
Gsecges  in  the  same.  Of  course,  if  we  alter 
all  the  evidence,  turning  Nox-gaga  into 
Oxna-ga,  Oht-gaga  into  Ohtna-ga,  and 
Unecungga  into  Ytena-ga,  we  can  then  infer 
a  suffix  -ga.  But  we  are  not  told  how,  in 
such  a  case,  we  are  to  parse  the  various 
sentences  in  this  charter,  nor  how  ga  can  b 
a  genitive  plural. 

Being    away    from    home,    I    could  ^ 
refer   to  my   '  Place-Names   of   Cambs,'  8. 
Ely.     Actual  reference  to  that  would 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  22, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


333 


furnished  the  clue  ;  for  I  there  refer  back 
to  Chadwick's  '  Studies  in  Old  English/ 
section  5,  printed  in  the  Transactions  of  the 
Cambridge  Philological  Society,  vol.  iv. 
part  ii.  We  there  find  a  full  discussion  of  the 
Anglian  ge  and  the  genitives  plural  geona, 
gena,  iena,  and  many  more  related  forms. 

I  see  no  evidence  for  supposing  that  the 
form  gd  is  Jutish.  It  seems  rather  to  be 
Old  Friesic,  and  I  quote  the  O.Fr.  gd  in 
my  '  Dictionary,'  s.v.  '  Yeoman.'  But  we 
must  remember  that  "  Old "  Friesic  is 
a  misnomer  ;  it  is  merely  "  Middle 3? 
Friesic.  What  the  form  was  in  "Old" 
Friesic  no  one  can  say.  But  before  we  can 
admit  the  existence  of  a  (as  the  equivalent  of 
G.  au)  in  any  dialect  of  Old  English,  it  is 
not  unreasonable  to  ask  for  just  one  indubit- 
able example.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

Mr.  Corbett's  orderly  and  self -consistent 
solution  of  the  '  Tribal  Hidage. '  puzzle 
had  at.  least  two  essential  points  :  the 
"  Mercians  "  were  placed  near  the  Firth  of 
Forth,  i.e.,  in  Bernicia  ;  and  the  100,000 
hides  at  the  end  were  altered  to  10,000.  If 
these  points  are  ruled  out  as  inadmissible, 
as  I  think  they  must  be,  his  whole  scheme 
falls  to  pieces  without  further  argument. 
It  is  otherwise  with  his  suggestions  for  the 
identification  of  the  unknown  tribal  names, 
which  might  be  altered  or  rejected  without 
invalidating  the  solution.  For  example. 
Unecungga  might  have  been  the  name  of 
some  tribe  in  the  district,  even  if  it  cannot  be 
the  original  form  of  the  word  Huntingdon 
(Huntandun).  J.  BROWNBILL. 

MRS.  SWALE,  1761-1845  (11  S.  ii.  248).— 
The  name  of  Mrs.  Swale  is  not,  I  think, 
of  frequent  occurrence  in  the  literature  of 
her  day.  Such  works  as  Percy  Fitzgerald's 
'  History  of  the  Royal  Dukes  and  Princesses 
of  the  Family  of  Ceorge  III.,'  London, 
Tinsley,  1882,  2  vols., '  The  Greville  Memoirs,' 
edited  by  Reeve,  First  Series,  1875,  3  vols., 
and  Mary  Ann  Clarke's  '  The  Rival  Princes,' 
1810,  2  vols.,  may  contain  incidental  refer- 
ences to  Mrs.  Swale.  W.  S.  S. 

"MENDIANT,"  FRENCH  DESSERT  (11  S. 
ii.  268).—  Littre  says  :— 

3e.  Les  quatres  mendiants  se  ditde  quatre  sortes 
de  fruits  sees  qui  sont  los  figues,  les  avelines,  les 
raisins  sees,  et  les  amandes,  et  dont  on  fait  des 
assiettos  de  dessert ;  cette  denomination,  qui 
tiont  rrrt.iiiiniH'iit  aux  quatre  ordres  mendiants, 
sans  qu'on  sache  exactement  pourquoi,  est  plus 
aucienne  que  le  P.  Andr6,  qui  en  donnait  une 
<l\()lieation  alle^gorique  en  prechant  devant 
XIII." 


The  four  orders  are  (1)  the  Jacobins,  (2) 
.Franciscans,  (3)  ^.ugustinians,  and  (4) 
Carmelites.  The  initials  of  these  can  be 
found  respectively  in  the  fruits  :  ( 1 )  Amandes 
de  Jardin  (Jordan  almonds),  (2)  Figues  (figs), 
(3)  Evelines  (filberts),  (4)  Raisins  de  Oaba& 
("  Alligants  or  Fraile  Raisins,"  Cotgrave, 
1650). 

I  make  this  suggestion  for  what  it  is  worth, 
JOHN  HODGKIN. 

"  Mendiant  "  is  a  name  given  to  four  kinds- 
of  dried  fruits,  which  grocers  usually  mix 
together  ;  they  are  the  figs  of  Provence,  the 
raisins  of  Malaga,  almonds,  and  filberts. 
They  were  at  one  time  called  Lenten  fruit. 
The  little  Father  Andre  said  one  day,  when 
preaching  before  Louis  XIII.,  that  these 
fruits  were  so  called  from  having  as  their 
patrons  the  four  orders  of  mendicants,  viz., 
the  Franciscan  Capuchins,  who  represented 
the  dried  raisins  ;  the  Recollets,  who  were 
like  the  dried  figs  ;  the  Minimes,  who  re- 
sembled damaged  almonds  ;  and  the  Moines- 
dechaux,  who  were  only  empty  filberts. 
The  above  information  is  taken  from 
Descherelle's  '  Dictionnaire  National,'  1857. 

TOM    J0NES. 

The  four  great  orders  of  mendicant  friars- 
are  the  Dominican,  Franciscan,  Carmelite, 
and  Augustinian.  Figs,  raisins,  nuts,  and 
almonds  were  thought  to  represent  the 
colour  of  the  respective  habits.  I  do  not 
know  how  to  apply  them  correctly  ;  but  I 
suppose  that  the  Dominicans  or  Black  Friars- 
are  to  be  seen  in  raisins  ;  the  Franciscans  or 
Grey  Friars  (who  came  to  dress  in  brown) 
in  figs  ;  the  Carmelites  or  White  Friars  in 
blanched  almonds  ;  and  the  Austin  Friars 
in  nuts,  the  only  fruit  which  remains  to  be 
distributed. 

The  friars  were  sometimes  referred  to  as 
Cairn  =  Cain,  that  being  the  acrostic  of  their 
names,  while  the  Franciscans  were  termed 
Minorites,  and  the  Dominicans  Jacobins, 
as  they  often  were,  from  their  having  a 
famous  establishment  in  the  Rue  St.  Jacques 
at  Paris.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

The  mixture  of  raisins  and  almonds  was, 
and  probably  is  still,  called  "  students' 
fodder"  (Studentenfutter)  in  Austria-Hungary . 

L.  L.  K. 
[PRINCIPAL  SALMOX  also  refers  to  Littre\] 

BES  BROTJGHTON  (11  S.  ii.  286). — She  was  a 
lady  of  no  reputation  who  is  mentioned  in 
Gayton's  '  Festivous  Notes,'  p.  19,  and 
'Merry  Drollery  Complete,'  ed.  1670,  p.  175- 
(the  peculiar  form  of  underclothing  she 


334 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  n.  OCT.  22, 1910. 


.•affected  is  referred  to  ibid.,  p.  134  and  p.  138). 
'8 he  is  probably  the  "  Besse  "  of  the  lines  in 
*  Musarum  Delicise,'  2nd  ed.,  p.  95  ;  and 
the  "  Mad  Besse  *'  who  appears  among  the 
"  Black  Saints  "  in  'Poor  Robin's  Almanacks.' 
I  should  have  been  pleased  to  learn  the 
source  of  your  correspondent's  poem. 

G.  THOKN  DRURY. 
[ScoTUS  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (US. 
ii.  267).— 

Trifles  make  perfection. 

MR.  HILL  is,  of  course,  acquainted  with 
the  well-known  story  of  the  friend  who  visited 
Michelangelo.  Returning  shortly  afterwards 
and  finding  the  statue  on  which  he  was 
engaged  showing  few  signs  of  progress,  he 
asked  the  reason.  The  explanation  not 
proving  satisfactory,  he  exclaimed,  "  But 
these  are  trifles."  Whereupon  the  master 
replied,  "  Trifles  make  perfection,  and 
perfection  is  no  trifle."  The  story,  as  we 
now  have  it,  is  taken  from  C.  C.  Colton's 
'  Lacon  ;  or,  Many  Things  in  Few  Words,' 
1820-22,  2  vols.  Apparently  it  has  not  been 
stated  from  what  source  Colton  obtained 
his  information. 

The  lines  inquired  after  by  MR.  MACKAY 
WILSON, 

When  into  the  arms  of  Night  sinks  weary  Day, 

And  crimson  grows  the  west, 

appear  to  be  an  inverted  and  somewhat 
<jlumsy  paraphrase  of  the  words  of  John 
Howard  Bryant,  an  American  poet,  and 
brother  of  William  Cullen  Bryant.  In  one 
of  J.  H.  Bryant's  sonnets  the  line  occurs, 
The  west  is  crimson  with  retiring  day, 

which  exactly  expresses  the  meaning  of  the 
two  previous  lines  without  unnecessary 
•circumlocution.  W.  S.  S. 

ISLINGTON  HISTORIANS  (11  S.  ii.  187,  239, 
250,  296).— My  edition  of  Nelson's  '  History  • 
is  the  third,  and  is  dated  1829.  A  later 
historian  not  mentioned  on  p.  296  is  T.  E. 
Tomlins,  who  published  his  '  Perambulation 
•of  Islington  '  in  1858.  He  mentions  Nelson's 

*  History  '  in  some  of  his  notes,  and  makes 
corrections.  FRANK  PENNY. 

W.  S.  S.  will  find  a  more  complete  list 
•of  the  local  histories  in  Mr.  Anderson's 

*  Book  of  British  Topography.'     My  query 
asked  for  information  about  these  historians, 
who   are   nearly   all   too   unimportant   and 
illusive   to    receive   proper    notice   in    the 
*  D.N.B.'  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 


VANISHING  LONDON:  PROPRIETARY 
CHAPELS  (US.  ii.  202,  254,  293).— The  land 
upon  which  the  French  Embassy  is  built,  as 
well  as  the  flats  which  have  been  erected 
on  the  site  of  Holy  Trinity  Church,  Knights- 
bridge,  is  the  property  of  the  Ecclesiastical 
Commissioners,  and  I  have  received  a  very 
courteous  letter  on  behalf  of  the  Ecclesias- 
tical Commissioners  from  Mr.  J.  F.  Pelham, 
one  of  the  two  assistant  secretaries  of  the 
Commissioners,  which  states  that 

"the  church  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  Knightsbridge, 
was  taken  down  in  the  year  1904  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  an  Order  in  Council  dated 
the  13th  May,  1901,  by  which  the  benefices  of  All 
Saints,  Knightsbridge,  and  the  Holy  Trinity, 
Knightsbridge,  were  united.  The  church  of  the 
Holy  Trinity,  Kensington  Gore,  was  erected  out  of 
the  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  the  site. 

"So  far  as  I  am  aware,"  continues  Mr.  Pelham, 
"no  burials  took  place  in  the  church  of  the  Holy 
Trinity,  Knightsbridge,  and  there  was  no  surrounding 
land  to  the  church,  so  that  I  assume  that  the 
remains  of  persons  buried  in  the  former  chapel 
must  have  been  removed  before  it  was  rebuilt  in 
1861." 

The  Ven.  James  H.  F.  Peile,  late  Vicar  of 
All  Saints',  Knightsbridge,  now  Archdeacon 
of  Warwick,  kindly  informs  me  that  the 
church  formerly  next  the  French  Embassy 
was  in  its  latter  days  a  parish  church, 
Holy  Trinity,  Knightsbridge,  "  technically," 
he  thinks, 

"  a  *  New  Vicarage.'  When  it  was  pulled  down  its 
district  was  added  to  the  parish  of  All  Saints, 
Knightsbridge,  commonly  called  All  Saints,  Ennis- 
inore  Gardens,  and  a  new  church  with  the  dedica- 
tion of  Holy  Trinity  was  built  in  Prince  Consort 
Road,  behind  the  Albert  Hall,  and  took  a  portion 
of  the  old  parish  of  All  Saints." 

I  have  also  received  the  following  from 
the  Rev.  H.  B.  Coward,  who  was  the  last 
Vicar  of  the  old  Holy  Trinity  Church, 
Knightsbridge,  and  is  the  present  Vicar  of 
Holy  Trinity,  Kensington  :— 

"  The  Registers  of  Holy  Trinity,  Knightsbridge, 
which  are  now  in  my  possession  at  Holy  Trinity 
Church,  Kensington,  date  back  to  1658,  but  they  are 
only  registers  of  baptisms  and  marriages.   There  are 
no  registers  of  burials,  and,  as  far  as  I  know,  nc 
burials  ever  took  place  in  that  chapel;    so  your 
correspondent  must,  I  feel  sure,  be  mistaken  m 
supposing  that  his  grandfather  was  buried  there. 
Mr.  Coward  also  confirms  the  statement  that 
"the   chapel   became   a   parish   church  by 
Order  in  Council  in  1861,  when  Dr.  Wilson 
became  the  first  vicar.n     Mr.  Coward  as  i 
boy  "  had  the  privilege  of  the  acquaintance 
of  that  delightful  old  gentleman  Mr.  Thorns, 
whom  he  used  to  meet  at  the  house  of  ] 
uncle  Thomas  Lane  Coward,  who  was  long  tJ 
esteemed  manager  of  The  Morning  Post. 
JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  22, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


335 


JOHN  PEEL  (US.  ii.  229,  278).— From  a 
photograph  of  John  Peel's  tombstone  in 
Caldbeck  Churchyard  I  copy  the  following 
inscription,  embodying  particulars  which 
may  well  be  recorded  under  this  heading  : — 

In  memory  of 

J  ohn  Peel  of 

Ruthwaite,  who  died 

Nov.  17th  1854  aged  78  years. 

Also  Mary,  his  wife,  who 

died  Augt'g^  1859  aged  82. 

Also  Jonathan,  their  Son 

who  died  Jan.  21st  1800 

aged  2  years. 

Also  Peter,  their  Son,  who 

died  Novr  13th  1840 

aged  27  Years. 

Also  Mary  Davidson,  their 

daughter  who  died  Nov.  30 

1863,  aged  48  years. 
Also  John  their  Son  whp  died 
NoV  22nd  1887  aged  90  years. 
It  may  also  be  noted  that  Mr.  William 
Metcalfe,  "  composer  of  the  present  popular 
setting    of    the    Cumberland    hunting    song 
'  John  Peel,*  •"  died  at  Carlisle  in  June,  1909. 
JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

BARLOW  TRECOTHICK,  LORD  MAYOR 
(11  S.  ii.  209,  298).— I  have  never  heard  of 
this  name  in  Cornwall,  and  I  do  not  think 
that  Lord  Mayor  Trecothick  was  born  in  the 
Duchy.  His  family  was  connected  in  com- 
merce with  Antigua,  and  there  are  refer- 
ences to  him  in  Oliver's  history  of^that  island. 
He  bought  in  1768  the  estate  of 'Addington, 
near  Croydon,  and  on  his  death  in  May, 
1775,  a  tablet  to  his  memory  was  placed  in 
the  chancel  by  his  widow.  The  inscrip- 
tion thereon,  and  some  particulars  as  to  his 
two  wives,  will  be  found  in  Manning  and 
Bray's  '  Surrey,'  ii.  557-65,  801, 

W.  P.  COURTNEY. 

His  age,  56,  is  given  on  his  monument, 
but  no  other  genealogical  particulars.  Having 
no  issue,  he  by  will  dated  27  January,  1774, 
devised  the  Addington  estate  to  his  nephew 
James  Ivers,  directing  him  to  take  the  name 
of  Trecothick.  His  widow  Ann  (whom  he 
married  in  1770),  daughter  of  Amos  Mere- 

ith     of    Henbury    in     Cheshire,     married 

f  April,  1777,  Assheton  Curzon,  afterwards 

V  iscount  Curzon  of  Penn,  Bucks,  and  died 

i3  June,  1804.  G.  E.  C. 

The  tomb  stands  in  a  recess,  supposed  at 
one  time  to  have  been  a  small  window  in  the 
;hancel.  The  inscription  gives  the  date  of 
ieath  and  a  eulogy,  but  no  mention  of  birth- 
place. The  old  church  at  Addington  was 
t  of  flint.  In  1773  the  wall  of  the  in- 

nor  was  rebuilt  with  bricks  by  the  then 


Alderman  Trecothick.  He  was  twice  married 
but  left  no  issue.  I  have  an  idea  that  he 
was  born  at  Broadstairs,  but  am  unable  to 
say  so  positively. 

ALFRED  CHAS.  JONAS, 
Bognor. 

SIR  EYRE  COOTE'S  MONUMENT  (US.  ii. 
227,  295). — The  monument  is  in  West- 
minster Abbey.  But  in  view  of  some  small 
errors  and  doubts  on  the  part  of  your 
correspondents,  let  me  mention  that  Sir 
Eyre  Coote  died  at  Fort  St.  George  on 
26  April,  1783,  and  was  buried  in  St.  Mary's 
Church  under  the  gallery  on  the  28th 
('Church  in  Madras,'  pp.  368-9;  De 
Rozario's  *  Complete  Monumental  Register,' 
1815,  p.  194  ;  and  Set-on  Kerr's  '  Selections 
from  Calcutta  Gazettes,'  vol.  ii.  322).  Here 
the  body  rested  till  November,  1784,  when 
it  was  taken  on  board  H.M.S.  Belmont  and 
conveyed  to  England.  It  was  reint  erred 
at  Rockbourne  in  Hampshire  in  1785. 
$  FRANK  PENNY. 

The  following  extracts  may  assist. 

Kelly's  '  Hampshire,'  1875,  p.  274,  under 
head  of  Rockbourne,  states  : — 

"  West  Park,  the  estate  of  the  Trustees  of  the 
late  Eyre  Coote,  Esq.,  contains  a  lofty  column  to 
the  memory  of  two  distinguished  members  of  that 
family." 

'  Westminster  Abbey,'  by  Charles  Hiatt, 
1902  (Bell's  "  Cathedral  Series  "),  p.  46,  has  : 

"  Lieut.-General  Sir  Eyre  Coote  (d.  1783) 
expelled  the  French  from  Coromandel  and  de- 
feated the  forces  of  Hyder  Ali.  The  vast  and 
hideous  monument  (by  Thomas  Banks)  was 
erected  by  the  East  India  Company." 

W.  B.  H. 

GINGHAM  "  :  "  GAMP  "  (11  S.  ii.  268).— 
More  than  fifty  years  ago  people  spoke  of 
their  umbrellas  as  "  gingham  gamps," 
pronouncing  the  word  "  ging-gam."  An 
older  recollection  is  of  "  gingham  gowns," 
which  women-folk  were  proud  to  possess 
and  wear.  Yet  later  in  the  sixties,  lads, 
on  seeing  a  woman  with  an  umbrella,  said, 
There 's  owd  Mother  Gamp  an'  her 
gingam  !  "  The  big  carriage  umbrellas  were 
__n«j  «  carriage  gingams." 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 


called 


J.  W.  IN  HONE'S  '  YEAR  BOOK  '  (11  S.  ii. 
230). — These  letters,  if  accurately  assigned 
bo  the  artists  who  did  most  of  the  engravings 
tor  the  '  Year  Book,'  will  no  doubt  repre- 
sent James  Ward,  animal  painter  and 
ngraver,  who  was  born  in  1769.  and  died 
in  1859.  W.  S.  S. 


336 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  22, 1010. 


T.  Q.  M.  IN  HONE'S  *  TABLE  BOOK  ' 
(11  S.  ii.  230).— "T.  Q.  M."  in  Hone's 
*  Table  Book '  occasionally  appears  as 
"  Q.  T.  M.,"  evidently  denoting  the  same 
person.  As  no  known  author  then  living 
(1827-8)  has  initials  corresponding  to 
"  T.  Q.  M.,"  and  as  the  writer  sometimes 
varies  the  order  of  the  letters,  it  is  possible 
that  they  are  adopted  to  disguise  the  real 
authorship  of  the  papers  under  which  they 
stand.  May  one  suppose  that  Hone  himself 
elected  to  write  certain  articles  under  the 
initials  "  T.  Q.  M."  in  order  to  conceal  the 
number  of  his  personal  contributions  ? 

w.  s.  s. 

"  TURCOPOI.ERIUS  "  (11  S.  ii.  247).— 
Misses  Tuker  and  Malleson  in  their  *  Hand- 
book to  Christian  and  Ecclesiastical  Rome,' 
Part  III.,  at  p.  235  write  as  follows  : — 

"  At  a  Chapter  General  held  in  1331  the  Knights 
[Hospitallers  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem]  were 
divided  according  to  nationality,  and  7  langues 
or  languages  were  formed,  viz.,  1.  Provence  ; 
2.  Auvergne  ;  3.  France  ;  4.  Italy  ;  5.  Aragon  ; 
6.  England;  7.  Germany.  In  the  next  century 
the  5th  langue  was  subdivided,  making  an  8th 
langue  of  Castile  and  Portugal ....  Each  langue 
had  its  Auberge  at  the  chef -lieu,  and  each  was 

represented  in  its  own  country The  head  of 

each  langue  lived  at  the  Convent,  i.e.,  the  chef- 
lieti  at  Rhodes  or  Malta,  and  was  called  Conventual 
Bailiff  ;  while  a  Capitular  Bailiff,  only  bound  to 
appear  there  for  a  Chapter  General,  presided 
[over]  the  langue  in  his  own  country,  with  the 
title  of  Grand  Prior." 

They  add  in  a  foot-note  that  in  England 

the  Grand  Prior  ranked  as  premier  Baron 

of  the  realm. 

The  Conventual  Bailiffs  (whose  existence 
is  not  recorded  in  the  *  N.E.D.'  either  under 

'  Conventual  '  or  '  Bailiff  ')  had  various  titles. 

That  of  Provence  was  styled  Magnus  Com- 

mendatorius,  grand  commander ;  that  of 
Auvergne,  Mareschallas,  marshal  ;  that  of 
France,  Magnus  Hospitalarius,  grand  hos- 
pitaller ;  that  of  Italy,  Admiratus,  admiral  : 
that  of  Aragon,  Draperius,  or  later  Magnus 

Conservator,  i.e.,  grand  standard-bearer; 
that  of  England,  Turcopolerius,  or  com- 
mander of  light  cavalry  ;  that  of  Germany 
Magnus  Bajulivus,  grand  bailiff ;  that  o 
Castile,  Cancellarius,  chancellor. 

Thus  the  Turcopolier  was  the  sixth  Con- 
ventual Bailiff,  and  as  such  the  seventh  of  the 
most  important  officers  of  the  Order.  The 
Grand  Prior  of  England  ranked  fifteenth 
It  is  therefore  surprising  to  read  in  the 
article  on  Sir  Richard  Shelley  in  the  '  D.N.B. 
that  the  Turcopolier  ranked  second  to  the 
Grand  Prior,  and  that  on  Sir  Thomas 
Tresham's  death  (which,  as  I  pointed  out  ai 


9  S.  xii.  426,  is  wrongly  stated  to  have 
>ccurred  in  1566,  and  actually  occurred 
8  March,  1558/9)  Sir  Richard  Shelley  suc- 
ceeded him  as  Grand  Prior,  but  forbore  to 
ise  the  title  in  deference  to  the  feelings  of 
Queen  Elizabeth.  The  article  is  inaccurate 
in  another  respect,  as  I  pointed  out  at  the 
above  reference  ;  so  one  may  without  undue 
Dresumption  question  the  further  statement 
:hat  on  Sir  Thomas  Tresham's  death  the 
office  of  Turcopolier  was  annexed  to  that  of 
Grand  Master. 

The  light   cavalry,   of  which  the   Turco- 
polier was  the  nominal  head,  were,  as  their 
name   implies,   sons   of  Turkish   fathers  by 
hristian    mothers     (TvpKoirov\oi,    or   even 


Who  was  John  Kendall  Virgil,  Turcopolier 
under   Innocent    VIII.  ?     Has    any    list    of 
Turcopoliers  and  Grand  Priors  of  England 
been  published  with  biographical  details  ? 
JOHN  B.  WAINE  WRIGHT. 

According  to  the  pedigrees  in  my  posses- 
sion, it  was  Sir  John  Shelley  who  was 
Turcopolier  of  the  Order  of  St.  John  and 
Great  Prior  of  Rhodes.  He  was  killed  at  the 
famous  siege  of  Rhodes  in  1522.  Richard  (of 
Patcham  ?)  was  his  elder  brother,  of  whom 
I  know,  nothing  except  that  his  line  is 
extinct  on  the  male  side,  nor  do  I  know  the 
date  of  his  death.  Edward  (of  Warming- 
hurst),  his  younger  brother,  from  whom 
I  am  descended,  died  in  1554.  As  Elizabeth 
succeeded  in  1558,  it  would  appear  that  Sir 
Richard  of  the  medal  must  have  been  of  a 
later  generation,  but  I  have  not  his  name 
in  my  pedigrees.  The  Turcopolier,  head  of 
the  English  branch  of  the  Order,  appears  to 
have  been  a  sort  of  Foreign  Minister. 

E.  E.  STREET. 

Porter  in  his  '  Knights  of  Malta  '  (vol.  i. 
p.  260,  edition  of  1858)  explains  the  origin 
of  the  name.  He  also  in  a  foot-note  refers 
to  Addison's  '  History  of  the  Templars,' 
but  without  giving  the  page.  It  would 
appear  as  if  the  office  existed  in  the  Order 
of  the  Temple  as  well  as  that  of  the  Hospital. 
FRED.  C.  FROST,  F.S.I. 

Teignmouth. 

The  Knights  of  Malta  chose  their  grand 
officers  from  eight 

"  different  Languages,  or  Nations  :  of  which  Un- 
English  were  formerly  the  6th,   but  now  [. 
there  are  only  7.     The  first  is  that  of  Provence 
whose     Chief     is    Grand    Commendator    of 
Religion  :     The  2d  of  Auvergne,   whose   Chief 
Mareschal  of  the  Order  :   The  3d  of  France,  whose 
Chief  is  Grand  Hospitaller  :    The  4th  of  Italy,  and 
their  Chief  Admiral  :    The  5th  of  Arragon,  and 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  22,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


337 


their  Chief,  Grand  Conservator  :  The  6th  of 
Germany,  and  their  Chief,  Grand  Bayliff  of  the 
Order  :  The  7th  of  Castile,  and  their  Chief,  Grand 
Chancellor  :  And  the  Chief  of  the  English  was 
formerly  Grand  Turcopolier,  or  Colonel  of  the 
Cavalry." 

This  is  an  extract  from  "The  Great  Historical, 
Geographical  and  Poetical  Dictionary  ;  being 
A  Curious  Miscellany  of  Sacred  and  Pro- 

phane  History,  &c by  several   Learned 

Men,"  London,  1694,  folio. 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

A  full  account  of  Sir  Richard  Shelley 
will  be  found  at  1  S.  viii.  192  ;  xi.  179  ;  2  S. 
xii.  470  ;  3  S.  i.  19,  59.  W.  SCOTT. 

This  title  has  received  an  unusual  amount 
of  attention  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  ;   see  1  S.  vii.  407 
viii.  189  ;   ix.  80  ;   x.  378  ;    xit  21,  178,  200 

6  S.  xi.   128,  277,  512  ;    xii.   52,   155,  358 

7  S.  i.  118,  171.  W.  C.  B. 

[L.  L.  K.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


'  ABDEN  OF  FEVEBSHAM  '  :  "  GALE  "  (11  S. 
ii.  226).  —  "Each  gentlest  airy  gale"  at 
once  commends  itself  as  an  intelligible  and 
poetical  phrase,  and  one,  therefore,  distinctly 
preferable  to  the  reading  of  the  traditional 
text.  There  is  no  difficulty  in  showing  that 
in  the  opinion  of  poets  "  gale,"  as  MB. 
MCELWAINE  remarks,  "  does  not  necessarily 
imply  violent  wind."  In  notable  instances 
it  connotes  the  very  reverse.  Take,  for 
example,  the  softly  melodious  passage 
('  Paradise  Lost,'  iv.  156)  descriptive  of  the 
verdurous  Eden  which  Satan  contemplates 
before  settling  to  the  execution  of  his  fatal 
•enterprise  : — 

Now  gentle  gales 

Fanning  their  odoriferous  wings  dispense 
Native  perfumes,  and  whisper  whence  they  stole 
Those  balmy  spoils. 

This  is  the  mild  susurrus,  the  "  sweet  south 
that  breathes  upon  a  bank  of  violets," 
stealing  and  giving  as  it  goes.  So  it  is  with 
the  reminiscences  of  the  first  bridal,  memor- 
ably presented  in  *  Paradise  Lost/  viii.  515: — 

Fresh  gales  and  gentle  airs 

\\  hispcr'd  it  to  the  woods,  and  from  their  wings 
Flung  rose,  flung  odours  from  the  spicy  shrub, 
Msporting,  till  the  amorous  bird  of  night 
Sung  spousal,  and  bid  haste  the  ev'ning  star. 

Again,  when  we  turn  to  the  Temptation 
in  the  Wilderness  ('  Paradise  Regained,'   ii 
362),  we  find  that  Nature  herself  seems  to 
favour  the  elaborate  and  cunningly  devisee 
preparations  for  a  sumptuous  feast  : — 
And  all  the  while  harmonious  airs  were  heard 
>f  chiming  strings  or  charming  pipes,  and  winds 
Jf  gentlest  gale  Arabian  odours  fann'd 
*  rorn  their  soft  wings,  and  Flora's  earliest  smells. 


Thomson  ('  Spring,'  873)  has  the  significant 
expression,  "  Every  gale  is  peace."  Collins, 
in  his  'Ode  to  Evening,'  places  "dying 
gales  "  among  the  characteristic  features  by 
which  the  "  nymph  reserved "  is  distin- 
guished ;  and  Coleridge,  alluding  in  '  The 
Eolian  Harp  '  to  the  same  witching  period 
of  transition,  writes: — 

And  now,  its  strings 

Boldlier  swept,    the  long  sequacious  notes 
Over  delicious  surges  sink  and  rise, 
Such  a  soft  floating  witchery  of  sound 
As  twilight  Elfins  make,  when  they  at  eve 
Voyage  on  gentle  gales  from  Fairy-Land, 
Where  melodies  round  honey-dropping  flowers, 
ootless  and  wild,  like  birds  of  Paradise, 
•Jor   pause,   nor   perch,   hovering   on   untamed 
wing  ! 

Of  course,  as  the  lexicographers  say,  the 
word    "  is    commonly    used    in    conjunction 
with     some     qualifying     adjective  :      as     a 
gentle  gale,   a  fresh  gale  "  ;    and  so  forth. 
This  caution  is  fully  respected  in  the  phrase 
'  gentlest  airy  gale."         THOMAS  BAYNE. 

HANGING  SWOBD  ALLEY  :  LOMBABD 
STBEET  OFF  FLEET  STBEET  (11  S.  ii.  269). — 
[n  1761  the  former  was  known  as  Hanging 
Sword  Court,  and  was  so  named  after  a  sign 
of  the  Hanging  Sword,  as  was  also  Hanging 
Sword  Alley,  formerly  in  Quaker  Street, 
Spitalfields.  See  Dodsley's  '  London  and 
its  Environs.' 

Lombard  Street,  Whitefriars,  is  described 
by  Cunningham  as  being  a  street  in  "  Alsa- 
tia,n  a  cant  name  for  a  lane  formerly  in- 
habited by  fraudulent  debtors. 

J.  HOLDEN  MACMlCHAEL. 

TAMMANY  AND  ENGLAND  (11  S.  ii.  185, 
237). — Surely  MB.  ALBEBT  MATTHEWS  does 
not  intend  to  suggest  that  contributions  to 
'  N.  &  Q.'  upon  matters  which  may  later 
be  mentioned  in  the  '  N.E.D.'  should  be 
deferred  until  that  portion  of  the  alphabet 
is  reached.  If  so,  one  may  doubt  whether 
Sir  James  Murray  and  his  co-editors  would 
agree,  as  much  valuable  information,  in 
that  case,  would  reach  them  too  late.  I  am, 
of  course,  in  no  way  responsible  for  the 
accuracy,  or  otherwise,  of  the  quotation 
I  gave  from  *  The  World  Almanac  '  :  that 
is  a  matter  for  MB.  MATTHEWS  and  its  editor 
to  settle.  What  I  specially  recorded  con- 
cerned not  Tammany  societies  in  general, 
but  a  particular  reference  to  "  St.  Tam- 
many" in  an  English  newspaper  at  a 
very  noteworthy  time  in  the  history  of 
the  United  States  and  the  relationship 
of  the  two  countries. 

_  ALFBED  F.  BOBBINS. 


338 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  22, 1910. 


'  The  Century  Dictionary  Supplement,' 
lately  issued,  defines  "  Wiskinskie "  as 
"  a  doorkeeper  of  the  Tammany  Society  "  ; 
while  "  Sagamore  "  is  considered  by  some 
writers  to  be  identical  in  meaning  with 
"  Sachem,"-  though  others  distinguish  the 
latter  as  a  chief  of  the  first  rank,  and  the 
former  one  of  the  second.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

'EDINBURGH  LITERARY  JOURNAL'  (11  S. 
ii.  267,  317).  —  The  Edinburgh  Literary 
Journal  was  established,  and,  during  the 
greater  part  of  its  existence,  edited,  by  Henry 
Glassford  Bell  (1803-74),  Sheriff  of  Lanark- 
shire, and  author  of  a  '  Life  of  Mary,  Queen 
of  Scots,'  and  other  works.  Some  of  the 
most  distinguished  writers  of  the  day  con- 
tributed to  its  pages.  See  Sheriff  Campbell 
Smith's  'Writings  by  the  Way.'  The  last 
number  of  the  journal  was  published 
14  January,  1832.  Shortly  before  its 
disappearance,  Bell  had  retired  from  the 
editorship,  his  place  being  taken  by  William 
Weir,  a  previous  frequent  contributor.  See 
Scottish  Notes  and  Queries,  vi.  55. 

W.  SCOTT. 

KIPLING  AND  THE  SWASTIKA  (11  S.  ii. 
188,  239,  292).—"  No  Englishman  should  be 
able  to  translate  object-letters "  ('  Beyond 
the  Pale,'  in  *  Plain  Tales  from  the  Hills  '), 
and  the  series  of  symbols  in  question  is  so 
much  like  an  object-letter  that  the  same 
rule  applies,  and  explains  the  contributions 
at  p.  239.  That  these  are  wide  of  the 
mark  is  much  more  certain  than  that  the 
following  hits  the  bullseye,  since  "  this 
kind  of  letter  leaves  much  to  instinctive 
knowledge  "  (ubi  stipra),  and  I  am  not  in 
sympathy  with  the  latter  -  day  Kipling. 
Here,  however,  is  the  attempt  (omitting 
authorities  for  facts  stated)  : — 

The  elephant,  lotos,  and  right-hand 
swastika  are  in  constant  and  varied  use 
among  both  branches  of  Buddhists,  who 
believe,  e.g.,  that  Buddha  Sakya  -  Muni 
entered  the  womb  of  his  mother  as  a  white 
elephant,  that  he  should  often  be  repre- 
sented as  seated  in  a  lotos  flower,  and  that 
he  was  born  with  swastikas  on  his  feet,  &c. 
But  a  fervent  prayer  of  every  Buddhist 
woman  is  that,  at  her  next  re-incarnation,  she 
be  born  a  man.  The  essential  feature  of  the 
symbols  shown  on  the  outside  cover  is, 
therefore,  that  the  swastika  is  right-handed, 
or  male. 

The  esoteric  message  is  hidden  in  the 
heart  of  the  book,  where  the  author's  auto- 
graph is  ensigned  with  a  left-hand  (that  is, 
female)  swastika  ;  he  would  have  us  believe, 


then,  that  though  wholly  a  man  to  outward 
seeming,  he  is  "  but  yet  a  woman  "  at  heart. 

ROCKINGHAM. 
Boston,  Mass. 

The  best  and  most  succinct  compendium 
of  information  on  the  subject  is,  I  think, 
contained  in  a  pamphlet  '  The  Swastika,' 
an  attempt  to  account  for  its  widespread 
appearance  in  time  and  latitude,  by  H.  P.  R. 
(copyright  by  H.  Powell  Rees,  Ltd.,  11, 
Arundel  Street,  Strand,  1908).  The  author 
shows  its  occurrence  north,  south,  east,  and 
west  by  illustrations  from  discoveries  in 
Sweden,  Troy,  India,  and  Arizona  ;  he  has 
moreover  an  ingenious  and  carefully  thought- 
out  theory,  which  he  explains  very  lucidly. 
It  is  a  most  interesting  little  document, 
and  refers  to  the  bibliography  of  the  symbol. 
FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 

Kew  Green. 

The  opportunity  should  not  be  lost  of 
calling  attention  to  the  large  and  interesting 
store  of  information  about  this  symbol 
already  gathered  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  ;  see  the 
General  Indexes,  Series  3,  5,  6,  7,  under 
'  Fylfot,'  and  in  6  S.  and  7  S.  also  under 
'  Suastika.'  To  the  references  in  3  S.  add 
"v.  524." 

I  may  .also  mention  an  article  on  symbols 
in  The  Freemasons'1  Quarterly,  vol.  i.,  and 
W.  S.  Ellis,  '  Antiquities  of  Heraldry,' 
1869,  p.  74.  W.  C.  B. 

THE  ADDISONS  AT  MADRAS  (11  S.  ii.  101, 
210,  256,  289).— There  is  no  doubt  that 
Lancelot  Addison  died  in  1710  at  Madras. 
The  burial  register  shows  that  he  was  buried 
on  13  August  in  that  year. 

FRANK  PENNY. 

ENGLISH  CLOCKS  IN  PONTEVEDRA MUSEUM, 
GALICIA  (US.  ii.  267).— It  may  be  of  interest 
to  note  that  the  pistols  in  the  museum 
engraved  "  Major  Claud  Martin,  Arsenal, 
Lucknow,"  were,  in  all  probability,  formerly 
the  property  of  Claude  Martin,  a  French 
officer  serving  in  India,  who  died  in  1800, 
and  of  whom  an  account  is  given  in  Daven- 
port's '  Individuals  who  have  Raised  Them- 
selves,' 1841.  SCOTUS. 

"AIRMAN"    (11    S.   ii.    265).— This  word 
appeared  in  The  Times  before  13  July  last. 
For  instance,  on  3  May,  1910,  a  correspondent 
suggested    "  airmen,"    "  on   the   analogy  < 
'  seamen,'     '  landsmen,'     '  townsmen  '     and 
'  countrymen,'     and    a    hundred    others ' 
and  The  Times  of  4  May  in  a  leading  arti< 
favoured  the   suggestion,   and  has  since,  1 
tmderstand,  consistently  used  the  term 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  22, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


339 


John  Lyly :  Contribution  a  VHistoire  de  la  Renais- 
sance en  Angleterre.  Par  Albert  Feuillerat. 
(Cambridge  University  Press.) 
THIS  elaborate  French  monograph  has  been  pub- 
lished in  excellent  style  by  the  University  Press 
at  Cambridge  and  fully  deserves  its  typographical 
honours.  Prof.  Feuillerat  is  known  for  admirable 
work  on  the  Elizabethan  records  of  the  revels, 
and  in  these  pages  he  has  given  us  a  monument 
of  careful  erudition  which  places  him,  with  his 
teacher  M.  Legouis,  among  the  select  band 
of  foreign  writers  on  English  subjects  whom  no 
competent  English  scholar  can  neglect.  His  book 
is  neither  for  the  dilettante  nor  the  "  grand 
public,"  but  for  the  student  who  takes  literary 
history  and  biography  seriously.  Yet  it  may  well 
have  abundant  interest  for  all  who  seek  a  picture 
of  Elizabethan  life  and  manners,  for  the  first  part 
of  it  is  a  patient  and  admirable*  effort  to  paint 
Lyly  in  his  habit  as  he  lived,  and  show  the  con- 
1  ditions  of  the  time.  Lyly's  work  is  largely 
"  topical  "  and  ephemeral,  the  author  explains  : — 
"  Je  m'y  suis  efforc6  de  rattacher  1'oeuvre  aux 
i  circonstances  qui  1'ont  fait  naitre  et  d'expliquer 
1'int^ret  qu'elle  pouvait  avoir  pour  les  gens  du 
XVP  siecle." 

He  modestly  says  that  he  is  the  least  satisfied 
with  this  first  part,  but  he  is  remarkably  successful 
in  his  use  of  the  varied  Quellen  concerning  a 
period  in  which  memoirs  were  not  in  fashion,  and 
scandal  about  the  Court  was  not  permitted  by 
its  masterful  mistress. 

Lyly,  who  bore  a  name  famous  in  scholastic 
circles,  was  not  himself  a  man  of  exact  classical 
erudition,  but  something  of  a  pedant.     Above  all, 
he  was,   as   the  Professor  says,   an   "  arriviste," 
and  it  was  in  the  Court  that  he  arrived.     At  Ox- 
ford, then  more  an  appanage  of  the  Court  than  a 
nursery  of  sound  learning,  he  sought  promotion 
from  Burghley.     Failing  in  his  rather  impudent 
demands,    he    departed    to    London,    and    again 
sought   the  minister's  attention.     But  Burghley 
was  a  severe  moralist,  and  Lyly's  genuineness  in 
that  respect  was  no  doubt  not  convincing.     His 
first  book  contained  sly  hits  at  Oxford,  and  he 
became  M.A.  of  Cambridge.     He  did  not  seek  a 
career  in  either  University,  but  an  easier  life  in  the 
service   of   the   Earl   of   Oxford — an   odd   master 
for   a   moralist,    and    a    great    supporter    of    the 
theatre.     Lyly  began  to  write  comedies,  succeedec 
in  diverting  the  Queen,  and  his  fortune  seemec 
made.     But  he  was   extravagant  and   thriftless 
The  tide  of  his  popularity  turned  one  day,  am 
henceforth  we  find  him,  like  another  lugubrious 
Ovid,  seeking  in  vain  to  reinstate  himself,  applying 
for   Court   favours  with   no  result.     He   had   no 
"  grand  public  "  ;    he  wrote  for  the  Court,  am 
this  part  of  his  theme  the  author  works  out  with 
excellent  judgment.     We   naturally   look   to   sei 
what  is  said  of  Lyly's  influence  on  the  greates 
writer  of  the  day.     It  is  partly  true  to  say  tha 
Shakespeare's  rise  may  have  been  the  cause  o 
Lyly's  decline,  but  one  must  look  closer  : — 

"  Quand  on  dit  que  Shakspere  a  e"clips4  Lyly 
on  ne  fait  que  constater  sous  une  forme  quasimen 
synabolique   la   revolution    qui    s'^tait   accompl 
dans  les  gouts  du   public  anglais,  revolution  qi 
rendu  Shakspere  possible  et  qui  £tait  elle 


leme  due  a  une  transformation  essentielle  de  la 
ociete  anglaise  a  la  fin  du  XVP  siecle." 

At  the  end  of  that  century  there  was  something 
reater  than  a  masterful  queen  :  there  was  an 
England  which  made  its  vigour  felt  in  wonderful 
nterprise,  a  new  nation  with  an  "  ivresse 
atriotique."  That  England  made  itself  felt 
ri  letters  as  in  war.  In  1588 

"  La  mode  n'est  plus  de"sormais  aux  oeuvres  qui 
attent  les  gouts  d'un  coterie  raffine'e,  mais  a 
elles  qui  trouvent  un  6cho  dans  les  sentiments 
u  pays  tout  entier.  Les  6crivains  aristocratiques 
ont  chassis  par  des  auteurs  pl^beiens,  comme 
Marlowe,  Kyd,  Jonson,  Shakspere.  Les  nou- 
eaux  venus  partagent  les  passions  du  peuple 
Lont  ils  sont  sortis,  et  ils  savent  les  satisfaire. 
Si  parfois  ils  recherchent  les  applaudissements 
>u  le  patronage  des  grands,  c'est  par  besoin, 
it  en  tout  cas  ils  n'e"crivent  jamais  exclusivement 
>our  cette  minoriteV' 

The  people's  literature  was  the  better :  we 
lo  not  place  '  Henry  VIII.'  and  '  The  Merry 
Wives  of  Windsor '  high  in  the  list  of  Elizabethan 
drama. 

These  conclusions  form,  we  think,  the  most 
nteresting  section  of  this  fine  monograph  ;  but  in 
;he  critical  discussion  of  Lyly's  work  and  style,  and1 
n  abundant  "pieces  justificatives,"  the  book  is; 
it  once  exhaustive  and  masterly.  There  is  even 
a  special  appendix  on  '  Lyly  et  Ovide,'  with  the 
Latin  lines  occupying  hah*  the  page. 

To  give  any  idea  within  modest  limits  of  a  work 
with  its  Index  occupying  some  660  pages  is  diffi~ 
cult,  but  we  hope  we  have  said  sufficient  to  com- 
mend our  author  to  the  notice  of  all  Elizabethan 
students.  His  French  is  a  model  of  lucidity, 
and  doubly  grateful  after  the  congested  style 
which  is  too  often  the  handicap  of  the  learned. 
Lyly  stands  revealed  to  us,  cutting  rather  a  poor- 
figure,  if  the  truth  must  be  told,  but  of  perennial1 
nterest  as  the  most  advanced  exponent  of 
euphuism,  a  style  in  which  the  very  redundances- 
and  quirks  of  a  blazoning  pen  please  us  against 
our  better  judgment. 

History  of  Mediceval  Civilization  and  of  Modern 
to  the  End  of  the  Seventeenth  Century.  By, 
Charles  Seignobos.  (Fisher  Unwin.) 
THIS  translation  of  the  well-known  French  scholar's- 
work  is  remarkably  cheap,  and  should  have  a  wide- 
circulation.  As  a  lively  and  learned  summary, 
the  book  forms  an  admirable  foundation  for  study.. 
The  French  are  unequalled  in  their  power  of  giving- 
a  brief  and  effective  picture  of  history  or  religion, 
and  the  reader  must  be  dull  who  does  not  appre- 
ciate this  illuminating  account,  to  which  at  the 
end  are  added  the  '  References  for  Supplementary 
Beading  '  for  which  we  often  plead. 

MESSRS.  LONGMAN  have  brought  out  an 
authorized  cheap  edition  of  Lecky's  History  of 
the  Rise  and  Influence  of  Rationalism  in  Europe, 
in  one  volume  instead  of  two.  For  half-a-crown 
the  reader  can  secure  a  book  full  of  deeply  interest- 
ing matter.  Its  title,  perhaps,  militated  with 
some  readers  in  earlier  days  against  its  perusal, 
but  this  ought  no  longer  to  be  so.  The  first 
chapter,  '  On  Magic  and  Witchcraft,'  should  be 
sufficient  to  lure  the  reader  on  to  further  investiga- 
tions of  matters  of  vital  importance  to-day,  and 
frequently  misunderstood  by  the  many  who 
do  not  know  how  deeply  all  life  is  affected  by- 
survivals  in  culture. 


340 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  22, 1910. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — OCTOBER. 

MR.  B.  H.  BLACKWELL'S  Oxford  Catalogue 
•CXXXIX.  forms  Part  II.  of  Educational  Books, 
•Second-hand  and  New.  It  is  divided  into  sections, 
-the  thirteenth  and  last  being  devoted  to  theology, 
including  Church  history. 

Mr.  Bertram  Dobell's  Catalogue  188  contains 
among  first  editions  '  Mansfield  Park,'  3  vols.,  half- 
•calf,  with  the  half-titles  usually  wanting,  1814, 
4Z.  4s.  ;  '  Northanger  Abbey  '  and  '  Persuasion,' 
4  vols.,  1818,  31.  3s.  ;  a  complete  set  of  The 
Friend,  original  numbers,  all  with  the  newspaper 
stamp,  1  June,  1809,  to  15  March,  1810,  21.  2s.  ; 
"  Dombey,'  in  parts  as  issued,  with  wrappers 
and  advertisements,  31.  5s.  ;  '  Peregrine  Pickle,' 
4  vols.,  half-calf,  the  top  margin  of  the  title- 
pages  cut  away,  1751,  31.  5s.  ;  '  The  Faerie 
Queene,'  first  folio  edition,  1609,  6Z.  10s.  ;  and 
;Swinburne's  '  Atalanta,'  Moxon,  1865,  SI.  10s. 
Under  Works  of  Shakespeare  are  the  Clarendon 
Press  facsimile  of  the  First  Folio,  51.  10s.  ;  the 
•second  and  fourth  editions  of  the  Folio  ;  and 
Boydell's  '  Graphic  Illustrations,'  folio,  uncut, 
1813,  4:1.  4s.  There  are  also  works  under  Drama. 
Buskin  items  include  Smart's  '  Bibliography,' 
1893,  1Z.  5s.  (only  a  limited  number  printed  for 
•subscribers). 

A  portion  of  the  Catalogue  is  devoted  to 
volumes  of  pamphlets  and  excerpts  from  maga- 
zines, among  the  subjects  being  the  Byron 
Mystery,  Bradlaugh,  Animal  Magnetism,  Bacon 
or  Shakespeare,  Annie  Besant's  Law  of  Popula- 
tion, Christianity  and  the  Slave  Trade,  the  Con- 
fessional, Free  Thought,  &c. 

Mr.  Alexander  W.  Macphail's  Edinburgh  Cata- 
logue 104  opens  with  works  relating  to  Burns. 
Among  these  forty-three  items  we  find  Burns  in 
the  light  of  the  higher  criticism,  '  Bibliotheca 
Burnsiana,'  the  first  edition  of  the  Poems,  pub- 
lished in  Dundee,  '  Genealogical  Memoirs  '  by 
Rogers,  privately  printed,  '  The  Correspondence 
of  Burns  and  Clarinda,'  and  '  Robert  Burns  and 
Mrs.  Dunlop.'  There  are  Various  editions  of 
Bewick.  Under  Dryden  is  the  rare  first  edition 
of  '  History  of  the  League,'  large  and  thick  paper 
copy,  1684,  4Z.  4s.  A  note  states  that  this  copy 
was  borrowed  from  Cavers  by  Scott  when  he  was 
•editing  Dryden.  Under  Scott  is  a  collection  of 
a  hundred  portraits  and  views,  besides  first  edi- 
tions of  '  The  Abbot,'  '  Quentin  Durward,'  and 
•*  St.  Bonan's  Well.'  There  are  lists  under  High- 
lands, Jacobite,  and  Trials,  the  last-named 
including  many  of  Scottish  interest. 

Mr.  F.  Marcham  sends  Nos.  2  and  3  of  his  Rough 
Lists  of  Deeds,  Pedigrees,  Plans,  &c.  No.  2 
relates  to  Sussex,  Wiltshire,  Yorkshire,  Berk- 
shire, &c.  ;  and  No.  3  to  Cambridgeshire,  Devon- 
shire, Hampshire,  and  Norfolk.  Under  Padding- 
ton  in  the  latter  is  a  plan  of  the  new  road  to 
Tottenham  Court,  1757. 

Messrs.  Henry  Young  &  Sons  of  Liverpool  send 
their  Catalogue  CCCCXV.,  which  contains  the 
original  edition  of  Alken's  '  Life  of  a  Sportsman,' 
Ackermann,  1842,  251.  ;  and  the  large-paper 
•edition  of  Rogers's  '  Italy  '  and  '  Poems,'  with  the 
separate  issues  of  the  plates,  2  vols.,  morocco, 
1838,  Ql.  6s.  Other  proof  engravings  are  Prout 
and  Harding's,  prepared  for  the  '  Landscape 


Annual,'  Williams's  '  Views  in  Greece,'  and 
Batty's  '  Hanoverian  and  Danish  Scenery.' 
There  is  a  beautiful  specimen  of  Clovis  Eve's 
binding,  done  for  Henri  IV.  of  France,  the 
dialogues  of  Macrobius,  Basle,  small  folio,  1535, 
14Z.  14s.  An  extra-illustrated  copy  of  Chambers's 
'  Book  of  Days,'  1883,  is  10Z.  ;  a  fine  set  of 
Coleridge  in  Pickering  and  Moxon  editions  (the 
'  Table  Talk  '  is  Murray's  edition),  23  vols.,  green 
morocco,  1835-53,  10Z.  10s.  ;  and  the  first  edition 
of  Dibdin's  '  Decameron,'  three  extra  plates,  3 
vols.,  1817,  16Z.  16s.,  besides  his  '  Tour  in  France  ' 
and  '  Bibliotheca  Spenceriana.'  Under  Free 
Trade  is  a  complete  set  of  The  League,  the  organ 
of  the  Anti-Corn  Law  League,  from  30  September, 
1843,  to  its  close,  4  July,  1846,  3  vols.,  half-calf, 
31.  10s.  It  states  that  the  following  amounts  were 
subscribed  to  the  funds  :  1843,  50,000?.  ;  1844, 
100,OOOZ.  ;  1845,  250,OOOZ.  A  large-paper  copy  of 
the  original  edition  of  Ashmole's  '  Order  of  the 
Garter,'  folio/ 1672,  is  81.  8s.  ;  and  an  illuminated 
manuscript,  about  1420,  25Z.  Other  items  com- 
prise the  Library  Edition  of  Lever,  Clough's 
'  Plutarch,'  first  and  early  editions  of  Ruskin, 
and  a  set  of  Scott's  '  Familiar  Letters  '  extra- 
illustrated.  Works  under  Wales  include  Fen- 
ton's  '  Tour  through  Pembrokeshire,'  first  edition, 
extra-illustrated,  1810,  2  vols.,  russia  by  Walther, 
15Z.  15s.  There  are  Bargains  for  Book-Collec- 
tors, and  old  portraits  and  prints. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


10 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  do  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries  '  "—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.C. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

J.  D.  ("Cherubin  or  Cherubim  ").  —  The  history 
of  the  singular  and  plural  forms  of  this  word  is 
treated  exhaustively  in  the  long  note  in  the  '  N.E.D.,' 
s.v.  'Cherub.' 

J.  T.  LOOMIS  (Washington)  and  L.  R.  M.  STRACHAN 
(Heidelberg).  —  Anticipated  ante,  p.  316,  by  corre- 
spondents nearer  home. 

W.  SCOTT.—  "  Tenderling  "  and  some  others  antici- 
pated. 

COL.  FISHVVICK  and  SIR  H.  HOWARD.—  Forwarded* 


I 


u  s.  ii.  OCT.  29,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


341 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  29,  1910. 

CONTENTS.-No.  44. 

NOTES  :— Tennysoniana,  341— Architecture's  Distinguished 
Deserters,  342  —  Inscriptions  in  the  King's  Chapel, 
Gibraltar,  342  —  Shakespeare  Allusions,  344  —  Shake- 
spearian Parallels— Shakespeare  in  Hungary— Tonson's 
Edition  of  Shakespeare—"  Est :  Est :  Est,"  345— Kitty 
Fisher  and  'The  Belle's  Stratagem '—Jonathan  Wilds  — 
Jew-Burning  in  Italy  —  "  Jehovah  "  in  Affirmations  by 
Jews-W.  P.  Frith,  R.A.— S.  Gould,  Bookseller— W.  Gib- 
lett— "  Rain-smir,"  346. 

QUERIES  :— Criminal  Superstitions  —  Robert,  Duke  of 
Normandy  and  Arlette— C.  Button's  'Miscellanea  Mathe- 
matica,'  347  —  Dequevauviller  and  Joseph  Lancaster  — 
Tradesmen's  Cards— Shakespeare  :  Chronological  Edition 
—Leading  Cases  in  Verse  —  Jane  Austen's  Death  — 
Latin  Epitaph  at  Dryburgh  Abbey  — 'Barnaby  Rudge,' 
by  C.  Dillon,  Comedian,  348— Samuel  Wesley— De  Tynten 
Family— Pope  Alexander  III.  and  Henry  II.— Bishop 
Luscombe — T.  L.  Peacock's  '  Monks  of  St.  Mark  ' — '  The 
Noble  Boy  '—Dog  Poems—"  I  slept,  and  dreamed  that  life 
was  Beauty."  349. 

REPLIES :— Mrs.  Burr,  Painter,  350— Peter  de  Latour— 
Jeremy  Taylor's  Descendants— Isaac  Watts's  Collateral 
Descendants,  351— Rev.  T.  Clarke— Scarcity  of  Wasps- 
West  Indian  Folk-lore— "On  the  tapis,"  352— Shakespeare 
Quartos  in  Switzerland— Snails  as  Food— Will  Watch, 
the  Smuggler— Abp.  Whately  on  the  Lord  Lieutenancy- 
Elephant  and  Castle  in  Heraldry,  353— "  Tenedish  "— 
'Annals  of  England,'  354— The  Vache-^All  Souls  College 
and  the  Duke  of  Wharton— 'The  Heroinae  '—'Little  bpoke 
of  the  Perfection  of  Woemen ' — Gutenberg's  42-line  Bible, 
355  — Jeremiah  Rich's  Works  —  Plantagenet  Tombs  at 
Fontevrault— Oatcake  and  Whisky— Wooden  Effigies— 
"  Rallie-papier  "— '  Monsieur  Tonson,'  356— Saint's  Cloak 
on  a  Sunbeam— 'Excelsior'  in  Pigeon  English,  357— 
"  Fere  "—Ladies  and  University  Degrees— E.  R.  Moran— 


on  a  Sunbeam— 'Excelsior1    in_Pigeon    English,   357— 
"  Fere  " — Ladies  and  University 
"All  right,  McCarthy,"  358— Garrick  in  France— Qu 
Katherfne  Parr— Queen  Elizabeth  and  Astrology—"  Dis- 
jection  "— Malmaison— St  Catherine's  College,  359. 

NOTES   ON    BOOKS  :— '  Misericords  '-Nashe's   Works- 
"The  Quarterly  Review.' 

OBITUARY  :-Richard  Robbins. 


JElote* 

TENNYSONIANA. 

1.  '  A  Character.' — This  study  of  a  striking 
character  in  Tennyson's  *  Juvenilia '  was 
founded  on  an  original  known  to  the  poet, 
as  appears  from  the  note  in  Lord  Tennyson's 
"  Eversley  Edition  "  (i.  344) :— 

"  This  man  was  a  very  plausible,  parliament- 
like,  and  self-satisfied  speaker  at  the  Union 
Debating  Society." 

The  same  authority  has  a  similarly  worded 

reference  in  the  '  Life  '  of  his  father  (i.  37) 

to  "  the  then  well-known  Cambridge  orator 

"  as  "  partly  described  in  the  poem." 

The  following  appears  in  Grant  Duffs 
*  Notes  from  a  Diary  '  : — 

11  Sunderland  sat  for  this  '  Character,'  a  most 
extraordinary  and  brilliant  person  who  lost  his 
reason,  and  ended,  I  have  been  told,  in  believing 
himself  to  be  the  Almighty." 

Thackeray  (who,  like  FitzGerald,  was  not, 
I  believe,  in  Tennyson's  set  at  Cambridge) 
bears  independent  evidence  to  the  brilliance  of 


Sunderland,  for  *  Pendennis  '  ("  Biographical 
Edition,"  p.  xxiv)  has  the  following  extract 
of  his  writing  : — 

"  The  hero  of  the  Union  retired  with  a  dimin- 
shed  head  before  Cookesly.  His  name  is  Sunder- 
and,  and  he  is  certainly  a  most  delightful  speaker, 
but  he  is  too  fond  of  treating  us  with  draughts  of 
Tom  Paine." 

What  further  notices  are  there  of  this 
evidently  remarkable  man  ?  He  is  not  in 
Mr.  Boase's  admirable  '  Modern  English 
Biography,'  and  perhaps  died  before  1850. 

2.  *  Recollections  of  the  Arabian  Nights,' 
135:— 

Serene  with  argent-lidded  eyes. 
Cf.  Keats,  *  Eve  of  St.  Agnes,'  xxx.  : — 
And  still  she  slept  an  argent-lidded  sleep. 

3.  *  Love  and  Death,'  first  line  : — 
What  time  the  mighty  moon  was  gathering  light. 
Cf.  Virgil,  Georgic  i.  427  :— 

Luna  revertentes  cum  primum  colligit  ignes. 

4.  *  The  Mermaid,'  iii.  :— 

In  the  purple  twilights  under  the  sea. 
Cf.  Schiller's  '  Der  Taucher  '  ('  The  Diver') 
Denn  unter  mir  legs  noch  bergetief 
In  purpurner  Finsternis  da. 

Schiller  wrote  to  Korner  defending  the 
colour.  Dr.  Buchheim  adds  in  his  edition 
of  '  Balladen  und  Rornanzen,'  p.  303 : 
It  is  conjectured  that  the  poet  owed  the 
optical  information  to  Goethe." 

5.  *  Mariana  in  the  South  '  : — 

Large  Hesper  glitter'd  on  her  tears. 
Cf.  Keats,  *  Hyperion,'  Book  II.  5  :— 

Where  no  insulting  light 
Could  glimmer  on  their  tears. 

6.  *  The  Vision  of  Sin,'  iv. : — 

Drink  to  heavy  Ignorance  ! 
Cf.  Shakespeare,  Sonnet  Ixxviii.  : — 
And  heavy  ignorance  aloft  to  fly. 

7.  *  The  Eagle  '  :— 

He  clasps  the  crag  with  crooked  hands. 
Rather  a  bold  personification  of  an  eagle. 
I  have  sometimes  thought  it  may  have  been 
suggested  by  the  vision  of  Palinurus  (Virg., 
'  ^En.,'  vi.  360), 

Prensantemque     uncis    manibus     capita     aspera 
mentis. 

I  put  forward  these  parallels  as  being  of 
interest,  but  make  no  suggestion  of  deliberate 
copying  on  Tennyson's  part.  Similar  notes 
are  given  in  Lord  Tennyson's  "  Eversley 
Edition."  There  is  abundant  evidence  of 
Tennyson's  knowledge  and  use  of  Shake- 
speare throughout  his  work,  but  most 
passages  of  the  sort  have  now  been  annotated 


342 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  n.  OCT.  29,  1910. 


by  Churton  Collins  or  another.  Tennyson 
himself  (notes  to  "  Eversley  Edition,"  i.  334) 
quotes  from  Eckermann's  '  Conversations 
with  Goethe  '  the  remark  that  the  prosaic 
mind  finds  plagiarism  in  passages  that  only 
prove  "  the  common  brotherhood  of  man." 

HIPPOCLIDES. 


ARCHITECTURE'S   DISTINGUISHED 
DESERTERS. 

I  HAVE  been  struck  from  time  to  time  with 
the  fact  that  quite  an  appreciable  number 
of  prominent  men  have   made  what  must 
be  regarded  as  an  initial  error  by  starting 
their   careers    in    architects'    offices,    sooner 
or     later    to     discover    that    their    talents 
lay  in  other  directions.     The  following  is  the 
best  list  I  can  now  prepare  in  support  of  my 
statement,  but  I  feel  sure  that  it  must  be 
very   incomplete,    and   could   be   much   ex- 
tended by  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  : — 
Thomas    Hardy,    the    novelist ;     articled    to    an 
ecclesiastical  architect,  1856  ;    practised  Gothic 
architecture  tinder  Sir  Arthur  Blomfield,  A.R.A., 
1862-7  ;   prizeman  of  Royal  Institute  of  British 
Architects,  1863. 

Alfred  Russel  Wallace,  F.R.S.,  O.M.,  the  naturalist 
and  associate  of  Darwin  ;  with  his  elder  brother 
as  a  land  surveyor  and  architect  from  1838 
to  1844. 

Sir    James    Knowles,    founder,    editor,    and   pro- 
prietor of  The  Nineteenth  Century  ;  trained  as  an 
architect  at  University  College,  in  his  father's 
office,  and  in  Italy  ;   carried  out  some  important 
architectural  works,  and  was  a  Fellow  of  the 
Royal  Institute  of  British  Architects. 
James  Ward,  Professor  of  Mental  Philosophy  in  the 
University  of  Cambridge,   and  a  most  distin- 
guished thinker  ;    was  articled  when  young  to 
a  firm  of  architects  in  Liverpool. 
T.   H.   Hall  Caine,  novelist ;    said  to  have  been 
"  brought  up  as  an  architect,  never  practised, 
but  wrote  in  Builder,  The  Building  News,  &c.'' 
Aubrey  Beardsley,  artist ;    started  his  career  by 

spending  a  short  time  in  an  architect's  office. 
Frederick  Harrison,  actor,  lessee  of  Haymarket 
Theatre  ;    studied  architecture  under  Norman 
Shaw,  R.A. 

Leslie  Ward,  caricaturist,  better  known  as  "  Spy  " 
of    Vanity   Fair ;     studied    architecture    under 
Sydney     Smirke,     R.A.,     and     has     exhibited 
architectural  drawings  at  the  Royal  Academy. 
T.  Mullett  Ellis,  poet  and  novelist ;    founder  and 
editor  of  The  Thrush  ;  took  a  first  prize  in  archi- 
tecture   at    Nottingham ;     practised    the    pro- 
fession for  fifteen  years,   and  is  an  Associate 
of  the  Royal  Institute  of  British  Architects. 
James     Marshall    Mather,   well-known     Noncon 
formist  minister  and  author  ;    articled  to  a  firm 
of  architects  in  Lincoln. 
John     Fulleylove,     R.I.,     water-colour     painter 
(d.  1908)  ;   articled  to  Messrs.  Flint  &  Shenton 
architects  of  Leicester. 

Alexander  Roche,  R.S.A.,  painter  ;   "  started  as  an 
architect,  but  liked  painting  better." 


Sric  Andreas  Shepherd,  artist  ;  educated  by  John 
Norton,  architect,  Bond  Street. 

EEerbert  Willoughby  Woodward,  Archdeacon  of 
Magila,  German  East  Africa  ;  articled  pupil  to 
S.  S.  Teulon,  architect,  1869-71  ;  in  Archi- 
tectural Department  of  War  Office  at  Horse 
Guards,  1874. 

John  Chambers  (1780-1839),  biographer  and 
commentator  ;  started  in  an  architect's  office. 

The  obituary  notices  of  Sir  William  Perkin,  F.R.S., 
discoverer  of  aniline  dyes,  stated  that  his  father 
wanted  him  to  be  an  architect. 

I  think  the  above  list  is  sufficiently  re- 
markable, for,  though  some  of  the  persons 
enumerated  can  scarcely  be  called  very 
iistinguished,  others  are  of  first  eminence. 
Architecture  is  not  like  one  of  the  learned 
Drofessions,  to  which  are  attracted  men  of 
rreat  intellectual  ability  ;  for  no  father  with 
a  brilliant  son  would  think  of  putting  him 
n  an  architect's  office.  A  taste  for  drawing 
s  probably  the  commonest  cause  of  youths 
entering  the  profession  ;  and  this  accounts 
:or  my  list  containing  a  good  many  artists. 
But  it  will  be  noticed  that  the  most  eminent 
men  in  the  list  (with  the  exception*,;  of 
Aubrey  Beardsley)  have  won  distinction  in 
subjects  absolutely  remote  from  architecture ; 
and  it  therefore  seems  as  though  chance 
alone  had  led  them  into  the  profession. 

It  is  difficult  to  say  whether  it  is  a  list  of 
which  architects  should  be  proud — whether 
they  should  boast  that  such  eminent  men 
have  been  associated  with  the  profession, 
or  weep  because  it  has  been  unable  to  retain 
them.  ALEYN  LYELL  READE. 

Park  Corner,  Blundellsands,  near  Liverpool. 


INSCRIPTIONS  IN  THE   KING'S 
CHAPEL,  GIBRALTAR. 

KING'S  CHAPEL  is  part  of  the  ancient  chapel 
of  the  Franciscan  monastery,  now  the  resi- 
dence of  the  Governor.  One  monument, 
No.  38,  alone  remains  of  the  period  before 
the  British  occupation.  The  inscription 
is  in  capitals,  and  the  words  run  one  into  the 
other  with  few  spaces  or  stops.  The  word 
contracted  into  dena  in  the  last  line  would 
seem  to  be  equivalent  to  the  French  denier. 
The  contractions  following  it  I  would  ex- 
tend as  santa  de  la  Madre  de  Dios.  The 
sculptor  was  evidently  pressed  for  room 
at  the  bottom  of  the  stone,  so  that  the  last 
four  lines  had  to  be  in  smaller  characters, 
and  the  concluding  dos  had  to  be  squeezed 
into  still  smaller  letters.  It  also  looks  as  i 
something,  such  as  XI.  aniversarios,  had 
been  left  out  after  the  second  por  in  the  last 
line  but  one. 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  29, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


34:3 


These  abstracts  were  taken  down  in  March, 
1910. 

SOUTH  SIDE,  BEGINNING  AT  EAST  END. 

1.  Frederick    Schack,    Lieut.    1st   Brigade,    R. 
Artillery,  s.  of  Baron  Schack,  of  Trinidad,  d.  of 
typhoid  fever,  13  June,  1865,  a.  25. 

2.  Ann,    w.    to   John    Irwin,    Maj.-Gen.,    Com- 
mander-in-Chief of  this  Garrison,  ob.  28  July,  1767. 
a.  32  yrs.  2  days.     She  was  dau.  to  Edward  Barry. 
Esq.,  Physician-General  to  H.M.  Army  in  Ireland 
and  M.P. 

3.  Pearson  Lyons  Walsh,   Esq.,   late  Capt.   in 
the    4th    Garrison    Batt.,    Town    Major    of    this 
Garrison,    Deputy   Judge   Advocate   and    Acting 
Judge    of    H.M.    Courts    of   Vice-Admiralty    and 
Civil  Judicature,  ob.  15  Jan.,  1814,  a.  37.    Erected 

!  by  the  Merchant  Society. 

4.  Cecily    Mary    Caroline    Somerset,    dau.    of 
\  Poulett  and  Barbara  Somerset,  gr.  dau.  of  Lord 

Charles  Somerset,  s.  of  Henry,  6th  Duke  of 
i  Beaufort,  K.G.,  ob.  30  Dec.,  1862,  «,.  10. 

5.  General  Sir  Lothian  Nicholson,  K.C.B.,  R.E., 
;  Governor     and      Commander-in-Chief     of      this 
i  Fortress  1891-3.     Ob.  27  June,  1893,  and  buried 
!  in  the  North  Front  Cemetery. 

6.  Frances    Elizabeth,   w.    of   the    Rev.    J.    A. 
i  Crozier,  M.A.,  Chaplain  to  the  Forces,  and  dau.  of 
;  Dr.    W.    F.    Chambers,    K.C.H.,    Physician    in 

Ordinary  to  the  Queen.  She  died  on  her  way  to 
!  England,  6  Aug.,  1858,  a.  33.  "  And  the  sea  shall 
I  give  up  her  dead." 

7.  Capt.  Henry  Peacock,  Paymaster  of  the  4th 
Batt.  Prince  Consort's  Own  Rifle  Brigade,  ob.  20 
Oct.,  1863,  a,  48. 

8.  Alice,  dau.  of  Rev.  C.  Hort,  Chaplain  to  the 
Forces,  and  Alice,  his  w.,  ob.  12  Feb.,  1864,  a:  8. 

9.  Sister     Adelaide    Emily    Fitzgerald,    Queen 
i  Alexandra's    Imperial   Military   Nursing   Service, 

06.  29  Feb.,  1908. 

10.  Lieut.  Ferdinand  Henry  Solly  Flood,  R.N., 
of  H.M.S.  Amphion,  s.  of  Frederick  Solly  Flood,  of 
Slaney  Lodge,  Wexford,  Ireland,  Esq.,  ob.  23  Feb., 
1862,  a.  28. 

11.  Col.  John  Arabin,  57th  Regt.,  ob.  16  Feb., 
1757,  a.  56. 

12.  Mary,  w.  of  John  Wood,  Surgeon,  81st  Recr., 
i  06.  11  Jan.",  1871,  a.  31. 

13.  Lieut.  Alfred  Rykert,  100th  Reg.,  ob.  7  Jan., 
360,  at  London.     Also  Capt.  Geo.  Bell  Coulson, 

100th  Reg.,  drowned  2  June,  1860,  at  Gibraltar, 
and  Capt.  R.  C.  Price,  100th  Reg.,  ob.  24  May, 
1861,  at  Gibraltar. 

14.  John  Hanson  Beasant,  Assistant  Surgeon, 
37th  Reg.,  ob.  Windmill  Hill  29  June,  1812,  a.  25. 

15.  Edward     W.     Warren,     Lieut.     R.N.,     ob. 
suddenly    at    Gibraltar    25    July,    1862,    a.    27. 
Erected  by  officers  of  H.M.S,  Malacca. 

16.  In  a  vault  near  the  s.  gate  of  this  city  lies  in- 
erred  the  body  of  Wm.  Blackborne  Houghton,  s. 

Col.  Daniel  Houghton,  in  whose  Regiment  he 
Captain  Lieutenant.     Ob.  26  Ap.,   1743,  in 
his  2 1st- year. 

17.  Mr.    Richard    Holroide,    merchant,    06.    21 
[uly,  1758,  a.  96,  having  resided  in  this  Garrison 

53  yrs.  6  months. 

*.  Liput.  Joseph  Longley,  R.E.,  fell  in  the  un- 
cessful  assault  of  the  enemy  upon  the  town  of 
lanfa,  31  Dec.,  1811;  a.  22. 

19.  Thomas  Pelham  Pelham  Clinton,  2nd  s.  of 
Inomas,   Duke  of   Newcastle,   Capt.    10th    Reg. 


Born  27  Feb.,  1786  ;  ob.  8  Oct.,  1804,  when  A.D.C. 
to  Major-General  Barnard,  a  victim  to  the  fatal 
pestilential  disorder  then  raging  at  Gibraltar. 

20.  Thomas    Gajetan    Ragland,    A.D.C.G.,    a 
victim  to  the  epidemic  fever.     Ob.  17  Oct.,  1814. 
a.  29. 

21.  John  Morrison,  Esq.,  Acting  Judge  Advo- 
cate to  the  Garrison,  ob.   15   Dec.,   1799,  a.   72. 
Also  his  3  sons  :   George  Augustus,  M.,  ob.  12  Mar., 
1793,  a.  6  ;    John  Campbell  M.,  Capt.  45th  Reg., 
ob.  at  Dominica,  20  July,  1797,  a.  20;    Charles 
Douglas  M.,   Registrar  of    H.M.    Vice- Admiralty 
Court,  ob.  7  June,  1803,  a.  23. 

22.  Lieut.-Col.     Morris     Robinson,     Assistant 
Barrack-Master  General,  ob.  28  Aug.,  1815,  a.  56. 

WEST  WALL. 

23.  His     Excellency    General     Chas.     O'Harar 
Governor  of  this  Garrison,  ob.  25  Feb.,  1802,  a.  66. 

24.  In  memory  of  13  men,  4  women,  and  35 
children  of  the  28th  North  Gloucestershire  Reg. 
who  died  1868-72.     Paymaster  Sergt.  B.  Coome,. 
Sergt.    J.    Carroll,    Corp.    J.    Hagan,   Privates   J. 
Kearney,     P.     Cunningham,     J.     Wanklyn,     M. 
Mulvahill,  J.  Richardson,  O.  Doherty,  J.  Davis 
P.  O'Brien,  W.  Roche,  J.  Wood.     The  wives  of 
Quartermaster-Serg.  W.  Graham,  Serg.  G.  Collins, 
Serg.  J.  Phillips,  Private  W.  Roche. 

25.  Erected    by    Major    Francis    Smith,    R.A., 
to  his  w.  Helen  Charlotte,  eldest  dau.  of  Brigadier 
Sir  Charles   Holloway,   and  gr.   dau.   of  General 
Sir  Wm.  Green,  Bt.     She  ob.  22  Oct.,  1813,  a.  24,  a 
victim  to  the  malignant  fever  then  raging  in  this 
Garrison. 

26.  Sir  Robert  Boyd,  K.B.,  Governor  of  this 
Fortress,  ob.  13  May,  1794,  a.  84.     His  remains- 
were  deposited  in  the  King's  Bastion,  of  which- 
work  he  laid  the  first  stone  in  1773,  and  then 
expressed  the  wish  of  living  to  see  it  resist  the- 
united   efforts   of   France   and   Spain,   which   on- 
13  Sept.,  1782,  was  fully  accomplished.     (On  the- 
monument  is  a  medallion  portrait  in  profile,  the- 
whole  by  C.  Horwell,  sculpt.,  London.) 

27.  Lieut.  Chas.  Hay  Tollemache,  83rd  County 
of  Dublin  Reg.,  ob.  22  Ap.  1867,  a.  24.     Also  Capt, 
Luke    Edward    O'Connor,     83rd     Reg.,    ob.    at 
Glasgow,  10  Jan.,  1869,  a.  32. 

28.  The  Hon.  Wm.  Paget,  2nd  s.  of  the  Earl  of 
Uxbridge,    Capt.    R.N.,    M.P.    for   Anglesey.     In 
the  24th  year  of  his  age  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
Post  Captain,  and  appointed  to  the  command  of 
the  Romney  of  50  guns,  in  the  sanguine  prospect 
of  a  glorious  career,  a  wound  received  at  a  more 
early  age  from   the   dagger   of  an   assassin  in   a 
foreign  land  brought  him  to  a  premature  end. 
Yet  short  as  his  life  was,  he  lived  long  enough  to 
be  approved  a  gallant  and  skilful  seaman  and  one 
of  the  most  amiable  of  men.     The  former  stand 
recorded  in  the  annals  of  British  valour  by  the- 
capture  of  La  Sybille,  a  French  man-of-war  of  48 
guns   and   430   men.     Born  22   Dec..   1769  :     ob 
1794. 

Far  from  thy  Country,  Kindred,  and  thy  Friends 
Thy  short  but  bright  Career  of  Glory  ends, 
Yet  though  thy  Ashes  grace   a  foreign  Earth, 
Britain  exulting  claims,  brave  Youth,  thy  birth. 
Long  as  her  Trident  awes  the  boundless  Deep, 
Long  as  the  subject  Seas  her  Navies  sweep, 
So  long  thy  Virtue  blended  with  her  Fame 
Shall  gild  thy  Deeds  and  consecrate  thy  Name. 
(Monument  by  Richd.  Westmacott,  junr.,  London.)' 


344 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  -29, 1910. 


NORTH  WALL. 

•29.  James  Geddes,  Assistant-Surgeon,  fell  a 
victim  to  the  malignant  fever  raging  in  the 
'Garrison,  25  Oct.,  1804  ;  also  Wilhelmina,  his 
w  dan.  of  James  Loraine,  Esq.,  of  Angelraw, 
Berwickshire  who  shared  his  fate,  2  Nov.,  1804. 
Erected  by  their  eldest  s.,  Col.  Wm.  Geddes, 
C.B.,  Bengal  Artillery. 

30.  Col.  Wm.  Geddes,  C.B.,  Royal  (late  Bengal) 
Artillery,  born  at  Gibraltar,  22  Jan.,   1794,  and 
'bap.  in  this  Chapel ;  died  at  Edinburgh,  21  Mar., 
"1 879 

31.  Alicia,  dau.  of  Galfridus  and  Sarah  Mann, 
«,nd  w.  of  John  Apthorp,  of  London,  b.  in  England, 
30  May,  1739  ;   6b.  22  Oct.,  1763. 

32.  Alan  Graham,  Capt.  23rd  Welch  Fusiliers, 
only  s.  of  Major  Graham,   Registrar-General,  b. 
30  Ap.,  1839  ;  ob.  Dec.  — ,  1874. 

33.  John  Hennen,   M.D.,   F.R.S.E.,   Inspector 
,of  Military  Hospitals,  author  of  '  The  Principles 
of  Military  Surgery,'  fell  a  victim  to  the  epidemic 
lever,    3    Nov:,    1828,    a.    49,    while    arduously 
engaged,  even  to  the  day  preceding  his  death,  in 
iihe  able  discharge  of  the  urgent  duties  of  Principal 
"Medical  Officer  of  this  Garrison. 

34.  Marianne,  w.  of  Capt.  Henry  Duke  Loftus, 
-Sth  Reg.,  dau.  of  Lieut.-Gen.  Loftus,  ob.  29  Nov., 

1811,  a.  32. 

With  quick  perceptions,  sense,  and  fancy  blest, 
Her  lively  glance  her  vivid  mind  exprest ; 
Above  disguise  and  every  specious  art, 
•She  always  spoke  the  language  of  her  heart. 
For  pining  want  she  heaved  the  tender  sigh 
While  Pity's  tear  stood  trembling  in  her  eye, 
Anxious  each  poignant  woe  to  soothe — deplore, 
And  always  bounteous  from  her  slender  store. 

•  Sweet  MARIANNE,  now  late  a  happy  Bride, 
In  life's  gay  bloom  and  youth's  gay  visions  died. 
While  weeping  friends  mourn  o'er  thy  early  Bier, 
And  strangers  drop  a  sympathetic  tear, 
O  !  let  this  verse  inscribe  thy  Sacred  Tomb, 
Thy  Virtues  tell  a  sad  untimely  doom. 

"  Thy  praise  may  soothe  a  Husband's  aching  Breast 
Whose  heart  still  dwells  where  thy  loved  ashes 
rest. 

35.  Eleanor,    w.    of    William    Hackett,    M.D., 
Dep.   Inspector-General,   dau.   of  the  late  Rich. 
John  Uniacke,  Esq.,  Attorney-General  of  Nova 
Scotia,  ob.  19  Ap.,  1849,  a.  50. 

36.  Walter  George,  s.  of  Mr.  Wm.  Stoneham, 
Ordnance  Dept.,  ob.  9  July,  1882,  a.  22. 

37.  Wm.    Lowe   Butler,    Ens.,    2nd   Batt.    6th 
Royal  Reg.,  ob.  18  Jan.,  1859,  a.  21. 

38.  Aqui  yace  la  Seno  |  ra  Dona  Maria  Ana  |  de 
Moya  Arnedo  y  C  ]  eva,  muger    del  Se  |  nor  D. 
Francisco  |  de    Angulo,  y  Castro,  |  General  de    la 
Arti  |  lleria  del    Rey  no  |  de  Cordova  y  Goyer  | 
nador  de  esta  Ciu  I  dad  de  Gibraltar.  |  Murio  en 
27   de  |  Oct.     1684.  |  Dexo  su  Senoria  30   Due'  | 
de  renta  a   este  convento  |  por  XI  aniversarios, 
y  por  |  30  Dues  al  den*  s»  dla  ME  dos. 

39.  The    Rev.    Robt.    John    Hatchman,    B.A., 
of  Queen's  College,  Oxford,  Chaplain  to  the  Forces, 
B.  of  the  late  Silas  Hatchman,  Esq.,  of  Woolwich, 
Kent,  ob.  of  epidemic  fever,  12  Oct.,  1828,  a.  31. 

40.  The    Right   Hon.    Archibald,    Lord    Mont- 
gomerie,  Major-General,  late  H.B.M.  Minister  to 
the  Court  of  Palermo,  only  s.  of  the  Rt.   Hon. 
Hugh,    Earl   of   Eglington,    of   Eglington    Castle, 
Airshire,  06.  4  Jan.,  1814,  a.  41.     He  married  his 


cousin,  the  Rt.  Hon.  Lady  Mary  Montgomerie,  only 
dau.  of  Archibald,  Earl  of  Eglington,  and  has  left 
issue  two  sons  :  Hugh,  born  24  Jan.,  1811  ; 
Archibald,  born  29  Sept.,  1812. 

41.  Lieut.-Gen.  Colin  Campbell,  Colonel  of  the 
55th  Reg.  Lieutenant-Governor  of  the  Fortress  of 
Gibraltar,  ob.  2  Ap.,  1814,  a.  59. 

42.  Lieuts.  Joseph  Bennett  and  John  Light,  of 
the  Light  Infantry  and  Grenadier   Companies  of 
the  28th  Reg.,  commanded  by  Lieut.-Col.  Belson, 
which  were  detached  to  Tarifa,  where  a  force  was 
assembled    by    Lieut.-Gen.    Graham    to    attack 
the    French    before    Cadiz.     At    the    memorable 
battle  of  Barrosa,  5  Mar.,  1811,  those  two  promis- 
ing young  officers  at  the  head  of  their  Companies, 
their  Captains  having  both  quitted  the  field  from 
shots  early  in  the  action,  received  their  mortal 
wound. 

43.  Francis   Wastie   Haden,    Esq.,    Dep.    Com. 
General,  ob.  13  Mar.,  1828.     He  was  2nd  s.  of  the 
Rev.  Alex.  Dunn  Haden,  Vicar  of  Wednesbury, 
J.P.     His  unwearied  zeal  in  the  discharge  of  his 
professional  duties  with  the  Army  under  the  com- 
mand   of    His    Grace    the    Duke    of    Wellington, 
during  the  whole  of  the  Peninsular  war,  secured 
him  the  approbation  of  his  superiors.     He  was 
next  employed  as  chief  of  the  Commissariat  at 
Halifax,  N.S.,  and  lastly  here.     He  left  a  widow 
with  3  inf.  daus.     Aged  41. 

44.  M.  General  Chas.  Barnett,  ob.  of  the  epi- 
demic fever,  30  Oct.,  1804,  a.  40. 

45.  Alfred  Augustus  James,  Lieut.  6th  Royal 
Reg.,  youngest  s.  of  John  James,  of  Worthing, 
Sussex,  ob.  29  July,  1859,  a.  28. 

«  NORTH  TRANSEPT. 

46.  Edward  Burke,  58th  Reg.,  Town  Major  of 
Gibraltar,    killed    near    the    King's    Bastion,    18 
Sept.,  1781,  a.  32,  by  a  shell  from  the  enemy. 
Erected  by  his  friend  Wm.  Wilson,  Capt.  39th  Reg. 

47.  Erected  by  the  N.C.O.'s  and  Privates  of  the 
2nd  Batt.  of  the  Buffs  in  memory  of  comrades 
who  died  at  Gibraltar,  1862-4.     Drum-Major  J. 
Jackson,  Serg.  J.  Grant,  Serg.  W.  Lucas  (drowned) 
Privates  J.  Bingham,  J.  Bradwell,  T.  Connors,  A. 
Cullinan,  R.  Johnson,  E.    McDonald,  G.  Raynor, 
Boy  J.  Ingham. 

48.  Three  sons  of  Lieut.-Col.  Geo.  Molle,  9th 
Reg.   :     John  George,   b.   at  St.   Mary's,  Scilly, 
11  Feb.,  1809,  ob.  at  Gibraltar,  25  Nov.,  1809  ; 
George  Augustus,  b.  at  Gibraltar,  13  Sept.,  1810, 
ob.  13  Nov.,  1810  ;   Nicholas  Brown,  b.  at  Gibral- 
tar, 2  May,  1812,  ob.  24  June,  1812. 

G.  S.  PABRY,  Lieut.-Col. 


SHAKESPEABE  ALLUSIONS. — Of  the  follow- 
ing allusions,  Dr.  Furnivall  failed  to  dis- 
cover the  first  owing  to  a  wrong  reference 
in  the  index  of  the  book  in  which  it  occurs. 
The  second  refers,  no  doubt,  immediately 
to  the  perversion  of  Dryden  and  Davenant. 

1.  "  Nor  can  my  poore  Reason  but  assent- 
ingly  pronounce,  since  mans  inventions  r 
brought  him  to  this  sad  loss,  that  his  speculations 
are  but  a  Comedy  of  Errors,  and  his  Imployment 
Much  ado  about  Nothing  (to  borrow  our  Come- 
dians titles)  that  the  worlds  busy  man  is  « 


ii  s.  11.  OCT.  29,  IMG.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


345 


Grand  Impertinent." — Whitlock's  '  ZftOTOMIA,  Or 
Observations  On  The  Present  Manners  Of  The 
English,'  1654,  p.  318. 

2.  Such  noise,  such  stink,  such  smoke  there  was, 

you'd  swear 

The  Tempest  surely  had  been  acted  there. 
The   cryes   of   Star-board,   Lar-board,   cheerly 

boys, 
Is  but  as  demy  rattles  to  this  noise. 

'  The  Country  Club  :  A  Poem,'  1679,  p.  2. 

3.  Our  English  writers  are  all  Transmigrate 
In  Pamphlet  penners  and  diurnal  Scribes, 
Wanton  Comedians  and  foul  Gypsy  Tribes  ; 
Not  like  those  brave  Heroick  sublime  strains, 
That  wrote  the  Cesars  and  their  noble  Reigns, 
Nor  like  those  learned  Poets  so  divine 

That  pen'd  Mackdufi,  and  famous  Cataline. 
'  The     Character     Of    Wit's     Squint-Ey'd 
Maid,  Pasqui-Makers,'  broadside,  1681. 

G.  THORN-DRURY. 


SHAKESPEARIAN  PARALLELS.  (See  ante, 
p.  246.)— 

1.  Grim  and  comfortless  despair. 

'  Comedy  of  Errors,'  V.  i.  80. 

Grim-visaged,   comfortless  despair. 

Gray's  '  Ode  on  Eton  College.' 

2.  He  will  aboord — 
The  winds  so  faire — and  set  away  for  France. 

'  Sir  John  Oldcastle,'  V.  i.  14-15. 
Now  sits  the  wind  fair,  and  we  will  aboard, 

*  Henry  V.,'  II.  ii.  12. 
The  wind  sits  faire,  you  shall  aboorde  to-night. 

'  Hamlet,'    Q  1. 
P.    A.    McELWAINE. 

SHAKESPEARE  IN  HUNGARY.  —  The  few 
lines  which  Mr.  J.  G.  Robertson  devotes  to 
this  subject  in  the  chapter  '  Shakespeare 
on  the  Continent '  in  the  fifth  volume  of  the 
'  Cambridge  History  of  English  Literature  ' 
are  nearly  all  wrong.  The  writer  says  : — 

"  A  very  high  rank  among  translations  of 
Shakespeare  is  claimed  for  those  by  the  eminent 
poet  Charles  Kisfaludy,  especially  for  that  of 
'  Julius  Caesar.'  " 

As  a  matter  of  fact,  Kisfaludy  has  not 
translated  anything  from  Shakespeare's 
works.  The  blunder  is  put  right  in  the 
'  Bibliography  '  (p.  472),  where  it  is  correctly 
seated  that  a  Hungarian  translation  of 
Shakespeare  was  published  by  the  Kis- 
faludy Society  in  19  volumes.  '  Julius 
Csesar  '  was  translated  by  another  eminent 
poet,  Michael  Vorosmarty.  But  the  com- 
piler of  the  '  Bibliography '  in  his  turn 
understates  the  share  of  Alexander  Petofi 
in  the  work  when  he  asserts  that  "  some 
translations  of  scenes,  notably  from  '  Romeo 
and,  Juliet,'  were  produced  by  "  him.  Petofi 


has  translated  the  whole  of  *  Coriolanus.r 
which  forms  part  of  the  standard  translation 
published  by  the  above-named  Society. 

L.  L.  K. 

SHAKESPEARE'S  BIOGRAPHY  :  TONSON'S 
EDITION. — The  following  advertisement  in 
The  London  Gazette  of  14-17  March.  1708/9, 
suggests  inquiry  : — 

"  Whereas  a  very  Neat  and  Correct  Edition  of 
Mr.  William  Shakespear's  Works,  in  six  Volumes, 
in  Octavo,  adorn'd  with  Cuts,  is  now  so  near 
finish'd,  as  to  be  publish'd  in  a  Month  ;  To  which 
is  design'd  to  be  prefix'd  as  exact  an  Account  of 
the  Life  and  Writings  of  the  said  Author  as  can  be 
collected :  If  therefore  any  Gentlemen,  who 
have  Materials  by  'em,  that  may  be  serviceable 
to  this  Design,  will  be  pleased  to  transmit  'em  to 
Jacob  Tonson,  at  Gray's-Inn-Gate,  it  will  be  a 
particular  Advantage  to  the  Work,  and  acknow- 
ledg'd  as  a  Favour  by  the  Gentleman  who  has 
the  Care  of  this  Edition." 

One  may  wonder  what,  if  any,  materials- 
were  procured  by  this  eleventh-hour  ad- 
vertisement. ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

"  EST.  EST.  EST." — In  the  church  of  S, 
Flaviano  at  Montefiascone  in  Italy  one  may 
see  figured  in  the  pavement  before  the  high 
altar  of  the  lower  church  a  goblet  with  the 
inscription  : — 

EST.    EST.    EST.   PR.  HIM.    EST.    HIC 
10   DE  VC  DO  MEUS  MORTUS   EST. 

In  Baedeker's  'Central  Italy'  (ed.  1904), 
p.  97,  the  abbreviations  are  expanded  so  as. 
to  make  the  following  sense  : — 

EST.  EST.  EST.    Propter  Nimium  Est  Hie 
Joannes  De  Vc  Dominus  Meus  Mortuus  Est. 

A  story  is  told  in  Murray  and  Baedeker 
which  is  supposed  to  explain  these  mysterious 
words.  A  prelate  who  was  a  lover  of  wine 
sent  a  courier  before  him  to  mark  the  word 
"  Est "  on  the  gate  of  every  town  where 
good  wine  was  to  be  found.  At  Monte- 
fiascone the  wine  was  so  excellent  that  the 
courier  wrote  "  Est.  Est.  Est."  The  canon 
on  his  arrival  found  the  praise  true,  and, 
not  going  any  further,  drank  so  much  that 
he  died  of  the  excess. 

Murray  says  that  the  inscription  is  over 
the  grave  of  Johann  Fugger,  Canon  of 
Augsburg.  In  the  '  Encyclopedia  Britan- 
nica '  (Times  ed.,  xxx.  817)  Johann  Fugger 
is  referred  to  as  a  bishop.  One  would  like 
to  know  whether  the  story  has  any  his- 
torical basis,  and  whether  there  is  docu- 
mentary evidence  for  connecting  a  member 
of  the  Fugger  family  with  the  story  or  the 
inscription.  A.  L.  MAYHEW. 

21,  Norham  Road,  Oxford. 


346 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  29, 1910. 


KITTY  FISHER  AND  '  THE  BELLE'S  STRATA- 
GEM.'— Joseph  Knight,  who  was  one  of  the 
most  learned  and  accurate  biographers  of 
the  stage,  tells  us  in  his  monograph  upon 
Kitty  Fisher  in  the  '  Dictionary  of  National 
Biography '  that  "  the  character  of  Kitty 
Willis  in  Mrs.  Cowley's  '  The  Belle's  Strata- 
gem '  is  taken  from  Kitty  Fisher."  It  is 
•certain,  however,  that  the  character  is  very 
untrue  to  life.  Kitty  Willis  is  a  vague, 
indistinctive  personage,  and  the  real  Kitty 
never  would  have  lent  herself  to  the  subter- 
fuge in  which  Kitty  Willis  is  induced  to  act 
a  part.  Kitty  Fisher  had  been  dead  for 
fifteen  years  when  '  The  Belle's  Stratagem  ' 
was  produced,  and  was  probably  forgotten 
by  the  generation  of  playgoers  who  attended 
the  first  performances  of  Mrs.  Cowley's 
comedy.  It  %is  to  be  regretted  that  the 
•author,  who  was  twenty-four  years  of  age 
when  Kitty  Fisher  died,  did  not  show  her  to 
us  as  she  really  was.  She  was  worthy  of 
a  better  part,  and  a  great  character  for  Mrs. 
Abington  might  have  been  provided. 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

JONATHAN  WILDS. — It  is  curious  to  come 
across  in  a  London  newspaper,  five  years 
.after  "  Jonathan  Wild  the  Great  "  had  been 
hanged  at  Tyburn,  another  individual  of 
almost  exactly  the  same  names,  but  this 
time  in  the  capacity  of  an  honest  man,  the 
victim  of  a  thief.  In  The  Daily  Advertiser 
of  11  February,  1730,  "  Mr.  Jonathan  Wilds, 
of  the  Flying  Horse,  near  Bishopsgate  " 
announced  that  a  swarthy  young  carpenter 
Imd  hired  a  horse  from  him 

•"  to  go  to  Clapham  on  Monday  the  first  Instant, 
and  hath  not  since  been  heard  of.  Whoever  gives 
Notice  to  the  aforesaid  Wilds  of  Horse  or  Man,  so 
he  may  have  his  Horse  again,  shall  have  one  Guinea 
Reward,  and  reasonable  charges." 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

JEW-BURNING  :  LATE  INSTANCE  IN  ITALY. 
—  Chambers' s  Journal  for  October  con- 
tains an  article  by  Mr.  Basil  Tozer  on  *  The 
Palio  of  Siena,'  from  which  I  gather  that, 

"  if  history  is  to  be  trusted the  Campo  witnessed 

scenes  of  carnage  long  after  the  close  of  the  sixteenth 
century,  for  we  read  that  '  on  Friday,  July  28th, 
1799,  in  the  name  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  of  Comfort, 
and  to  the  cry  of  "  Viva  Maria  ! "  a  howling  mob  of 
fanatics,  drunk  with  wine  and  slaughter,  burned  in 
one  vast  fire  in  the  Piazza  del  Campo  nineteen 
Jews,  men  and  women  together,  using  for  their 
purpose  the  fragments  of  the  Tree  of  Liberty  which 
had  been  set  up  before  the  Fonte  Gaia  little  more 
than  three  mouths  previously.'" 

This  occurred  only  about  seventeen 
months  before  the  dawn  of  the  nineteenth 
century  !  ST.  SWITHIN. 


"  JEHOVAH  "  IN  AFFIRMATIONS  BY  JEWS. — 
Having  to  swear  an  affidavit  the  other  day 
in  the  Law  Courts,  I  was  surprised  to  hear 
the  formula  "So  help  you,  Jehovah,"  used 
by  the  officer,  who  explained  that  certain 
Acts  of  the  Legislature  expressly  designate 
that  "  as  the  form  for  members  of  the 
Jewish  faith."  To  Jews  of  the  old  school  the 
word  is  obnoxious,  being  an  attempt,  based 
on  no  certitude,  to  reproduce  the  ancient 
mode  of  declaration  made  on  Kippur  Day 
in  the  Holy  of  Holies  by  the  High  Priest. 
We  Jews  are  forbidden  to  pronounce  the 
Shem  Hamephorosh  or  the  Tetragram- 
maton.  It  is  time  this  last  vestige  of 
unintentional  disrespect  was  expunged  from 
all  public  records  and  legal  instruments. 
M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

WILLIAM  POWELL  FRITH,  R. A.—  The  fol- 
lowing inscription  has  been  placed  in  the 
Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  Harrogate  : — 

In  Memory  of 

William  Powell  Frith,  R.A.,  C.V.O., 

Sou  of  Thomas  and  Jane  Frith. 

Born  Jan.  9th,  1819. 

Died  Nov.  2nd,  1909. 

ANDREW  OLIVER. 

SAMUEL  GOULD,  BOOKSELLER. —  Perhaps 
the  following  is  the  original  version  of  the 
epitaph  on  Samuel  Gould  given  at  10  S.  v. 
492.  I  saw  it  quite  lately  at  Montacute 
House,  painted  on  a  thin  wooden  tablet, 
1ft.  11  in.  by  9^  in.  :— 

Samuelis  Gould,  Dorcestriensis, 

Libros  vendidit, 

Facetias  sparsit, 

Amicitias  fovit, 

Nemiui  nocuit, 

Omnibus  prodesse  voluit, 

Primorum  et  Editorum  Comes, 

Amice  et  hilariter  omnibus  receptus, 

Vivere  desiit  22  Feb.  1783 

^tatis  73. 

H.  A.  ST.  J.  M. 

WILLIAM  GIBLETT. — I  find  I  was  in  error 
at  10  S.  vi.  189.  He  was  sent  into  exile 
15  September,  1585  (see  Holinshed,  iv. 
620).  He  died  in  the  English  College,  Rome, 

' 1    Kf\f\  T^\TT-».T     *D         "\H7   A   T-VTTT*  fTTTiT/ITITP 


in  1590. 


JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 


"  RAIN-SMIR." — The  following  quotation 
is  from  an  article  on  '  Caister  and  the  Flegg 
Hundred  '  in  The  Queen  for  24  September  ;— 

"Yarmouth  Races  have  come  and  gone,  the  eel 
moon  is  waning,  and  northerly  gales  are.... ..hurryinj 

the    herring    men    down    the    North  Sea  for  t 
autumn    fishing;     black    rain-smirs    speed    across 
marram  hill  and  marsh." 

"  Rain-smir,"  for  a  flying  shower,  if  that  be 
its  meaning,  is  expressive.  M,  P. 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  29,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


347 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


CRIMINAL  SUPERSTITIONS. — For  some  years, 
during  which  I  have  been  investigating 
criminal  superstitions,  I  have  enjoyed  the 
constant  and  willing  collaboration  of  many 
helpers  belonging  to  all  classes  and  callings  ; 
and,  without  their  valuable  aid,  neither  the 
numerous  papers  I  have  published  in  journals 
.devoted  to  folk-lore  and  the  study  of  criminals 
nor  my  little  general  book  on  crime  and 
superstition  ('  Verbrechen  und  Aberglaube,' 
forming  vol.  ccxii.  of  "  Aus  Natur  und 
Geisteswelt,"  Leipzig,  B.  G.  Teubner,  price 
one  mark),  could  have  been  written. 

My  previous  success  has  encouraged  me 

:  to  draw  up  a  list  of  46  questions  relating  to 
the  subject  in  the  hope  of  interesting  a  wider 
circle,  and  I  shall  be  pleased  to  forward 
a  copy  of  these  questions  to  any  one  who 

i  sends  me  a  post  card  with  his  name  and 
address.  The  subject  is  not  only  attractive 
in  itself,  but  has  also  a  practical  application, 
and  every  contribution,  no  matter  how 

j  short,  is  of  value,  and  will  be  published  with 
grateful  acknowledgment  of  the  source. 
Special  importance  is  attached  to  the 
exactness  and  accuracy  of  the  details 
communicated.  DR.  ALBERT  HELLWIG. 
Bismarkstrasse,  9,  Berlin-Friedenau. 

ROBERT,  DUKE  OF  NORMANDY,  AND 
ARLETTE. — William  of  Malmesbury  (iii.  229) 
says  that  the  Duke  first  met  Herleva  or 
Arlette  at  a  dance,  while  others  (e.g.,  Wace, 
Rom.  de  Rou ' )  say  that  it  was  on  his 
way  back  from  hunting  that  he  first  looked 
on  her,  stamping  some  linen  clean  with  her 
feet  in  the  beck  flowing  by  her  father's 
tannery.  Is  there  anywhere  in  early  English 
literature  a  reference  to  the  second  version 
of  the  legend  ?  P.  C  G 

Calcutta. 

MATHEMATICAL  PERIODICALS:  C.  HUT- 
TON^  '  MISCELLANEA  MATHEMATICA  '  :  G. 
HUTTON. — 

"Miscellanea  Mathematica:   |  consisting  of  |  a 

5  Collection  of  curious  Mathematical  Problems 

their  solutions.  |  Together  with  |  many  other 

Important   Disquisitions  in   various  |  Branches  of 

e  Mathematics.  |  Being  |  the  Literary  Correspon- 
dence of  |  several  eminent  Mathematicians,  f  By 
.ha.  Hutton   F.R.S.  |  Professor  of  Mathematics  in 
the  Royal   Academy  at  Woolwich.   |  London:  I 
Printed   tor   G.    Robinson,    Pater-noster    Row. 
MDCCLXXV." 


Such  is  the  title-page  of  the  sole  volume 
of  a  periodical  not  included  in  the  list  of  works 
appended  to  the  notice  of  Charles  Hutton  in 
the  '  D.N.B.'  The  book  is  not  scarce, 
but  I  have  never  seen  a  copy  that  has  pre- 
served the  original  covers  of  the  parts,  giving, 
I  presume,  the  dates  of  issue.  These  dates 
I  am  desirous  to  ascertain.  They  are  not 
noted  in  Mr.  T.  T.  Wilkinson's  short  account 
of  the  periodical  (Mechanics'  Magazine, 
22  January,  1848,  p.  83).  From  internal 
evidence  there  seem  to  have  been  thirteen 
issues.  The  collation  of  the  volume  is 
B— E«,  F2,  G— K6,  L2,  M— T6,  U2,  X— Hh6, 
Ii  ^pp.  342 +  [2],  with  pp.  iv  of  title  and 
contents.  The  first  part  has  the  caption 
heading  '  A  New  Mathematical  Miscellany,' 
but  this  is  not  repeated  in  later  issues.  The 
parts,  however,  may  be  identified  as  includ- 
ing pp.  1-24,  25-52,  53-76,  77-104,  105-28, 
129-52,  153-76,  177-204,  205-28,  229-52, 
253-76,  277-300,  301-44.  From  references 
on  pp.  68,  166,  267,  the  magazine  seems  to 
have  been  also  styled  The  Gentleman's  and 
Ladies'  Miscellany. 

Lowndes  says  of  the  Miscellanea  Mathe- 
matica :  "  This  forms  the  sixth  and  con- 
cluding volume  of  the  preceding  work  [The 
'  Diarian  Miscellany,'  Lond.,  1775,  5  vols.]." 
Apart  from  the  date  on  the  title-page,  I  find 
nothing  to  suggest  this  statement,  and  the 
discovery  of  the  date  of  the  first  issue  of  the 
Miscellanea  would  probably  definitely  dis- 
prove it  (cf.  Reliquary,  xi.  201).  The 
'  Diarian  Miscellany '  was  itself  not  a 
periodical,  but  a  reprint  of  selected  portions 
of  the  '  Ladies'  Diary  '  from  1704  to  1773. 

The  account  of  Hutton  in  the  'D.N.B.' 
contains  a  curious  blunder.  It  calls  his  son 
Henry  (lieutenant-general,  and  compiler  of 
a  MS.  '  Monasticon  Scotiae ')  George  Henry, 
and  says  that  in  1801  he  founded  thirteen 
bursaries  and  a  prize  in  Aberdeen  Uni- 
versity. The  benefactor  of  King's  College, 
Aberdeen,  was  an  altogether  different  George 
Hutton,  regarding  whom  I  am  anxious  to 
obtain  certain  information.  He  was  born 
about  1734,  a  native  of  Perthshire  ;  gra- 
duated M.A.  at  King's  College  in  1753,  and 
died  9  June,  1807,  at  Deptford,  "  where  he 
had  realized  above  20,OOOZ.  while  master  of 
an  Academy "  (Gent.  Mag.,  Ixxvii.  684 ; 
Scots  Mag.,  Ixix.  957).  His  intention  was 
that  King's  College  should  inherit  the  bulk 
of  his  property,  but  this  was  frustrated  by 
the  Mortmain  Act.  I  wish  to  obtain  details 
of  Button's  career  between  1753  and  1807. 
Possibly  a  tombstone  may  be  extant  in 
Deptford.  A  sister  was  mother  of  the  Rev 
Dr.  Henry  Lloyd,  tenth  Wrangler  in  1785* 


348 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         n  s.  11.  OCT.  29, 1910. 


and  Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew  at  Cam- 
bridge 1795-1831.  A  daughter,  Sarah  Char- 
lotte, at  the  time  of  her  father's  death  in 
1807  was  "  Mrs.  Mackie,"  a  widow  upwards 
of  forty  years  of  age.  She  married  secondly 
Admiral  Monkton,  and  died  before  February, 
1818.  P.  J.  ANDERSON. 

Aberdeen  University  Library. 

DEQUEVAUVILLER  AND  JOSEPH  LANCASTER. 
— In  the  Charles  Roberts  Collection  in  Haver- 
ford  College,  Pennsylvania,  there  is  an  excel- 
lent engraved  portrait  of  Joseph  Lancaster. 
It  is  not  from  the  painting  by  John  Hazlitt 
now  in  the  National  Portrait  Gallery,  and 
I  should  be  glad  of  any  information  about 
it  or  its  original  (if  there  is  one).  It  is 
signed  "  Deque vauviller  sc."  In  Bryan's 
'  Biographical .  Dictionary  of  Painters  and 
Engravers  '  there  are  two  Dequevauvillers, 
father  and  son.  The  father,  Nicolas  Bar- 
thelemi  Francois,  died  in  Paris  in  1807, 
before  Lancaster  had  reached  the  height  of 
his  fame.  The  son,  Francois  Jacques,  was 
born  in  Paris  in  1783.  I  do  not  know  when 
he  died,  but  the  *  Dictionnaire  general  des 
Artistes  de  T^cole  fran£aise '  mentions  a 
work  of  his  produced  in  1848.  Did  either 
of  them  visit  England  before  1818,  when 
Lancaster  emigrated  to  America  ?  or  did 
the  son  visit  America  before  1838,  when 
Lancaster  died  there  ?  DAVID  SALMON. 

Swansea. 

TRADESMEN'S  CARDS. — I  shall  be  much 
obliged  if  readers  having  in  their  possession 
any  exceptionally  interesting  specimens 
of  tradesmen's  cards,  English  or  foreign, 
particularly  of  the  seventeenth  and  eigh- 
teenth centuries,  will  kindly  communicate 
direct  with  me.  I  am  anxious  to  know 
of  any  good  specimens  not  to  be  found  in 
the  leading  London  museums. 

B.  T.  BATSFORD. 

94,  High  Holborn,  W.C. 

SHAKESPEARE  :  CHRONOLOGICAL  EDITION. 
— Is  there  a  convenient  edition  of  Shake- 
speare in  which  the  plays  are  arranged  in  the 
order  in  which  they  are  supposed  to  have 
been  written  ?  W.  C.  B. 

LEADING  CASES  IN  VERSE. — I  shall  be 
glad  to  be  told  the  titles  and  authors  of  any 
collections  of  these.  About  1880  there  was 
one  that  concentrated  Smith's  '  Leading 
Cases,'  or  a  large  part  of  the  book,  which 
I  should  like  to  see  again.  Moyle's  poetical 
'  State  Trials  '  is  not  what  I  want.  Please 
reply  direct.  R.  J.  WHITWELL. 

Union  Society,  Oxford. 


JANE  AUSTEN'S  DEATH. — Can  any  admirer 
of  Jane  Austen's  works  state  the  precise 
nature  of  the  malady  that  led  to  her  too 
early  decease  ?  Biographers  merely  s&y 
that  her  health  declined.  She  herself  alludes 
to  a  bilious  fever  and  rheumatism. 

G.  B.  M. 

LATIN  EPITAPH  AT  DRYBURGH  ABBEY.— 
The  tomb  of  the  Haliburtons  next  to  Sir 
Walter  Scott's  at  Dry  burgh  Abbey  bears  the 
well-known  epitaph  : — 

Homo  est  bulla : 

Rebus  in  humanis  nil  fas  dixisse  beatum, 
Fatalem  donee  verterit  hora  rotam. 
I  do  not  want  any  comment  on  a  common- 
place sentiment,  but  merely  an  opinion  from 
a  Latin  scholar   as   to   whether  rotam  can 
mean     an     hour-glass.      Probably     not.     I 
think  Fortune's  wheel  is  indicated. 

NEL  MEZZO. 

'  BARNABY  RUDGE,'  BY  CHARLES  DILLON, 
COMEDIAN  :  OXBERRY'S  *  BUDGET  OF  PLAYS/ 
— I  have  in  my  possession  a  volume  entitled 
'  Oxberry's  Budget  of  Plays,'  containing 
the  following  plays  : — 

1.  'The    Dance    of    the    Dead,'     by    E. 
Richardson  Lancaster,  Esq.,  and  described 
as  "  a  grand  melodramatic  legend  founded 
on    popular    German    superstitions." 

was  performed  at  the  Royal  Sadler's  Wells 
Theatre  for  upwards  of  one  hundred  nights. 
J.  S.  Grimaldi  played  Brownie,  a  Northern 
gnome. 

2.  '  Marco     Sciarro,     the     Chief     of 
Abruggi,'  an  original  drama  in  three  acts, 
by  "  Charles  Dillon,  comedian."     This  was 
acted  at  the  City  of  London,  Mary-le-bone, 
and  Pavilion  Theatres. 

3.  "  Barnaby  Rudge.     A  Drama  in  two 
acts,    adapted    from  •  the    celebrated   worl 
of  that  name  by  C.  Dickins  [sic],  Esq.     By 
the  Author  of   'Marco  Sciarro.'  l: 

first  performed  at  the  Olympic  Theatre; 
then  at  the  Queen's. 

4.  'Augustina,   the  Maid  of    Sarragossa, 
also  by  C.  Dillon,  comedian.     This  was  d< 
at    the    City    of    London    and    Marylebc 
Theatres. 

5.  "  The  Light  and  Shade  of  Human  Life 
or,  The  Disinherited  Son,  a  domestic  drami 
in  two  acts  by  C.  Dillon,  Comedian.  Founde 
on  Sir  E.  L.  Bulwer's  Novel  of  '  Night  i 
Morning.'  "     This  was  done  at  the  City  c 
London,  Marylebone,  and  Garrick  Theatr< 

6.  '  Elizabeth  Mowbray  ;   or,  The  Horror 
of    Feudalism.'     This    is    also    by 
Dillon,    "now   first   printed,"    and  do: 
the  City  of  London  Theatre. 


ii  s.  ii.  OCT.  29,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


349 


7.  *  The  Devil's  Delight ;  or,  A  Row  in 
Elysium.'  This  is  a  musical  extravaganza 
by  the  author  of  *  Ruth,'  &c.  "  First 
performed  at  the  City  Theatre,  Milton 
Street."  This  theatre  ceased  to  exist  in 
1835. 

All  these  plays  were  "  Printed  and  pub- 
lished by  the  Proprietor,  Three  Falcon  Court, 
145,  Fleet  Street,  1844."  I  am  anxious 
to  discover  the  dates  of  production  on  the 
stage  of  these  pieces,  and  shall  be  glad  of  any 
assistance  in  the  matter.  Not  any  of  the 
plays  are  mentioned  in  the  *  Stage  Cyclo- 
paedia,' 1910.  S.  J.  A.  F. 

SAMUEL  WESLEY,  1766-1837. — I  am  col- 
lecting a  list  of  hymn  tunes,  chants,  and 
anthems  by  this  noted  composer,  the  father 
of  Samuel  Sebastian  Wesley.  I  am  ac- 
quainted with  the  large  number  of  his 
compositions  in  *  Hymn  Tunes  from  the 
Psalmist,'  published  by  J.  Haddon,  3, 
Bouverie  Street,  1862  ;  with  the  three  in 
'  The  Church  of  England  Hymnal,'  published 
by  Hodder  &  Stoughton,  27,  Paternoster 
Row,  1894  ;  and  with  the  two  in  '  Chants 
from  the  Cathedral  Psalter  Chant  Book,' 
published  by  Novello  &  Co. 

I  shall  be  glad  to  hear  of  any  other  com- 
positions by  Samuel  Wesley.  Please  reply 
direct.  L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 

Amersham. 

DE  TYNTEN  FAMILY. — When  reading  an 
article  in  The  Ancestor  on  ancient  deeds 
issued  by  the  Public  Record  Office,  I  came 
across  the  following  : — 

"  A  further  illustration  of  the  business-like  aspect 
ill  which  marriage  was  regarded  by  our  forefathers 
is  afforded  by  the  deed  of  the  same  family  [Res- 
kymerj  some  two  centuries  earlier,  when  Richard 
de  Reskemer  sells  to  Alice,  widow  of  Randulph  de 
Tynten,  in  full  county  court  at  Lostwithiel,  1288. 
the  marriage  and  wardship  of  Joan,  daughter  ana 
heir  of  John,  son  of  William  Durant,  for  67." 

What  is  known  of  the  De  Tynten  family  ? 
Is  it  likely  to  have  been  the  origin  of  the 
surname  of  the  Tynte  family  of  Somerset- 
shire ?  M.  M. 

POPE  ALEXANDER  III.  AND  KING  HENRY 
II. — Is  there  extant  a  Bull  or  letter  from 
Pope  Alexander  III.  addressed  to  King 
Henry  II.  referring  in  express  terms  to  the 
Bull  of  Adrian  IV.  relating  to  the  conquest  of 
Ireland  ?  If  so,  where  can  it  be  found  ? 
[t  should  not  be  confounded  with  any  of  his 
three  well-known  letters  dated  20  September, 

KOM  OMBO. 

[Pope  Adrian  and  the  conquest  of  Ireland  are 
referred  to  ante,  pp.  208,  250.] 


BISHOP  MICHAEL  H.  T.  LUSCOMBE. — 
Is  any  portrait  known  of  Michael  Henry 
Thornhill  Luscombe  (1776-1846),  Anglican 
Continental  bishop,  a  native  of  Exeter,  who, 
whilst  Protestant  Chaplain  at  Paris  in  1836, 
married  William  Makepeace  Thackeray  ? 
Did  his  two  daughters  leave  any  descendants? 
I  am  anxious  to  trace  any  memories  of  him. 
Perhaps  there  may  be  a  portrait  at  Glen- 
almond  College,  Perthshire,  to  which  he  left 
a  bequest  for  Divinity  scholarships. 

T.  CANN  HUGHES,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

Lancaster. 

T.  L.  PEACOCK'S  *  MONKS  OF  ST.  MARK.' 
— Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me 
whether  a  poem  by  Thomas  Love  Peacock 
called  '  The  Monks  of  St.  Mark  '  was  actually 
published  by  itself  in  1804,  as  ordinarily 
believed  ('  Works,'  1875,  vol.  i.  p.  xxviii)  ? 
I  can  find  no  other  trace  of  it. 

CARL  VAN  DOREN. 

63,  Guilford  Street,  Russell  Square,  W.C. 

'  THE  NOBLE  BOY,'  POEM. — Can  you  tell 
me  who  is  the  author  of  a  poem  called  '  The 
Noble  Boy '  ?  It  occurs  in  a  Reader  pub- 
lished  by  Messrs.  Longman,  and  they  have 
referred  me  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  I  shall  be  extremely 
obliged  for  the  information.  D.  SMITH. 
147,  Knowsley  Road,  St.  Helens. 

Doo  POEMS. — Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.J 
give  me  the  name  of  the  author  of  the 
following,  and  the  title  of  the  poems  in  which 
the  lines  occur  : — 

1.  The  poor  dog,  in  life  the  firmest  friend. 
The  first  to  welcome,  foremost  to  defend ; 
Whose  honest  heart  is  still  his  master's  own, 
Who  labours,  fights,  lives,  breathes  for  him  alone. 

2.  The  rich  man's  guardian  and  the  poor  man's 

friend, 
The  only  creature  faithful  to  the  end. 

F.  D.  WESLEY. 

"  I  SLEPT,  AND    DREAMED    THAT    LIFE    WAS 

BEAUTY." — Who    wrote    the    poem    called 
'  Duty  '  ?     It  begins  : — 

I  slept,  and  dreamed  that  life  was  Beauty ; 
I  woke,  and  found  that  life  was  Duty. 

I  find  the  words  quoted  variously,  and 
the  name  of  the  author  given  as  Mrs.  Hooper, 
Ellen  Cooper,  and  Ellen  Sturgis  Hooper. 
Where  can  I  find  the  complete  poem  ? 

ALFONZO  GARDINER. 

Leeds. 

[The  author  was  Mrs.  Ellen  Hooper,  daughter  of 
William  Sturgis,  and  the  poem  was  first  published 
in  The  Dial  of  July,  1840.  The  Dial  was  for  a  time 
edited  by  Emerson.  See  6  S.  iv.  469,  525 ;  v.  "•"  ' 


350 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        cii  s.  n.  GOT.  29,  1910. 


MRS.    BURR,    PAINTER. 

(US.  ii.  268.) 

THE  artistic  lady  of  this  name  who  travelled 
in  Turkey  and  Egypt  about  the  middle  of  the 
last  century,  and  is  inquired  for  at  the  above 
reference,  was  Mrs.  Higford  Burr. 

She  was  the  only  daughter  of  Capt. 
Edward  Scobell,  R.N.  (a  member  of  the 
West-Country  family  of  that  name),  who 
died  at  Poltair,  Madron,  on  17  April.  1825. 
Her  mother  was  Ann,  daughter  of  Richard 
Collins,  a  distinguished  miniature  painter 
(memoir  in  'D.N.B.')  who  lived  for  some 
time  at  Alverton  Cottage,  Penzance.  From 
her  grandfather  came  her  love  of  art. 

Her  Christian  names  were  Ann  Margaret ta, 
and  she  was  born  at  Poltair.  On  18  Sep- 
tember, 1839,  she  married  at  Marylebone 
Parish  Church  Daniel  Higford  Davall  Burr, 
son  of  Lieut. -General  Daniel  Burr  by  his 
second  wife  (whom  he  married  in  1808),  Mary, 
one  of  the  daughters  and  coheiresses  of  James 
Davies  of  Chepstow,  and  a  descendant  of  the 
families  of  Higford  and  Scudamore.  Pedi- 
grees of  these  families  are  in  Duncumb's 
r Herefordshire,'  iii.  38,  173.  The  fortune 
of  the  Burrs  came  from  commerce  ;  under 
the  Tudors  they  were  merchants  in  London, 
trading  with  the  Netherlands. 

Mr.  Burr  was  educated  at  Eton  and 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  but  apparently  did 
not  take  a  degree.  From  1836  to  1841 
he  was  resident  owner  of  Gayton  House, 
Upton  Bishop,  co.  Hereford,  and  from  1837 
to  1841  was  M.P.  in  the  Conservative  interest 
for  the  city  of  Hereford.  At  the  general 
election  he  stood  again,  but  was  badly 
beaten,  the  two  Liberal  candidates  being 
men  of  exceptional  influence  and  position. 
He  thereupon  disposed  of  his  estate  in  that 
county  and  purchased  Aldermaston  Court 
in  Berkshire,  a  beautiful  estate  surrounded  by 
beautiful  scenery.  The  modern  Elizabethan 
mansion  was  built  by  Hardcastle  for  him 
in  1851,  but  it  contains  the  most  interesting 
portions  (the  roof,  the  staircase,  and  the 
painted  glass)  of  the  old  house  which  was 
destroyed  by  fire  in  1843.  The  park  is 
five  miles  in  extent,  containing  1,000  acres. 

Mr.  Burr  protected  the  common  snake, 
"  and  as  he  paid  6d.  apiece  for  live  specimens, 
the  country  people  collected  them  and 
brought  them  to  him  by  sackfuls  at  a  time  " 
(Murray,  '  Berkshire,'  1902  ed.,  p.  50). 

Higford  Burr  contested  Salisbury  in  July, 
1852,  and  Abingdon  in  December,  1852, 


but  without  success.  Pie  was  Sheriff  of 
Berkshire  in  1851.  He  died  at  23,  Eaton 
Place,  London,  on  29  November,  1885. 
The  issue  of  the  marriage  was  four  sons, 
the  eldest  of  whom  assumed  the  name  of 
Higford  (Burke,  'Landed  Gentry,'  llth  ed.). 

A  drawing  by  Mrs.  Higford  Burr,  as  she 
was  usually  called,  of  '  The  Giotto  Chapel, 
Padua,'  was  chromo lithographed  for  the 
Arundel  Society  in  1856;  and  one  by  her  of 
'  The  Virgin  and  Child,  from  a  fresco  by 
Ott.  Nelli  at  Gubbio,'  in  Umbria,  was  also 
chromolithographed  for  that  Society  in 
1857  (' Bibliotheca  Cornub./  iii.  1107).  In 
1846  she  brought  out  a  portfolio  of  sketches. 
She  and  her  husband  travelled  much  with 
Sir  J.  Gardner  Wilkinson.  Warm  acknow- 
ledgments of  his  indebtedness  to  them  for 
enabling  him  to  see  in  their  yacht  "  so 
quickly "  many  of  the  interesting  places 
in  the  Mediterranean  are  made  in  the 
preface  to  his  '  Dalmatia  and  Montenegro,' 
vol.  i.  p.  viii.  The  intimate  knowledge  of 
Italian  possessed  by  Mrs.  Higford  Burr 
enabled  her,  he  adds,  "  to  afford  me  much 
valuable  assistance.  I  am  indebted  to  her 
for  the  history  of  the  Uscocs  from  Minucci 
and  Fra  Paolo  ;  the  diaries  of  1571  and 
1574,  the  last  Count  of  Veglia,  and  many 
useful  extracts  in  various  parts  of  the  work." 
Further  details  of  her  travels  and  of  her 
artistic  work  are  in  Ellen  C.  Clayton's 
'English  Female  Artists'  (1876),  ii.  408, 
a  work  published  when  she  was  alive. 

As  an  accomplished  lady  possessed  of 
ample  means,  Mrs.  Higford  Burr  was  for 
many  years  a  well-known  figure  in  a  leading 
section  of  London  society.  She  died  at 
Venice  on  22  January,  1892,  aged  74. 

W.  P.  COURTNEY. 

The  lady  in  question  was  probably  Mrs. 
Higford  Burr  (nee  Scobell),  the  wife  of 
Daniel  Higford-Davall  Burr  of  Aldermaston. 
She  was  a  great  traveller,  and  celebrated 
for  her  accomplishments. 

CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 

Swallowfield  Park,  Reading. 

Your  correspondent  must  evidently  be 
referring  to  pictures  by  a  lady  who  had 
been  Miss  Scobell,  and  who  in  1839  married 
Mr.  Higford  Burr  of  Aldermaston  Park, 
one  of  the  finest  seats  in  Berkshire. 

Mrs.  Burr  painted  in  Italy,  and  doubtless 
also  in  the  East.  I  do  not  think  that  she 
courted  popular  favour,  but  I  think  she  did 
some  work  for  the  Arundel  Society. 

C.  D.  N. 


[W.  S.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply. 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  29,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


351 


PETER  DE  LATOTTR  (11  S.  ii.  287). — The 
name  of  La  Tour  occurs  several  times  in  the 
registers  of  the  French  Protestant  Churches 
of  Norwich,  Canterbury,  and  Threadneedle 
Street.  In  the  register  of  the  French 
Church  of  La  Patente,  Spitalfields,  is  .the 
marriage  of  "  Fran£ois  Latour,  ne  dans  la 
par.  de  Coze,  en  Xaintonge "  ;  date  of 
marriage  1691. 

Abraham  la  Tourte  (the  name  appears 
frequently  to  be  spelt  thus)  was  released 
from  prison  in  Dieppe,  1688,  and  sent  with 
others  to  England  by  order  of  Louis  XIV. 

If  MR.  BEAVEN  will  communicate  with 
me,  I  will  send  him  the  entries,  as  I  have 
copies  of  the  above-mentioned  registers. 

(Miss)  G.  DE  CASSEL  FOLKARD. 

Holyrood,  9,  Brixton  Hill.  S.W. 

It  may  interest  MR.  BEAVEN  to  know 
that  there  are  several  inscriptions  to  members 
of  the  De  Lautour  family  (the  earliest  dated 
1807)  in  Hexton  Church.  Vide  Cussans's 
'  History  of  Hertfordshire,'  Hundred  of 
Hitchin,  pp.  10-12.  W.  B.  GERISH. 

For  an  account  of  the  De  Latour  or 
De  Lautour  family  see  Burke' s  *  Landed 
Gentry,'  ed.  1858.  Peter  De  Latour  is  not 
named  by  Burke,  but  Peter  Augustus  De 
Latour  of  Waterloo  fame  is  mentioned.  The 
family  is  omitted  from  the  edition  of  Burke 
of  1875.  W.  S.  S. 

JEREMY  TAYLOR'S  DESCENDANTS  (11  S. 
ii.  209,  258).— G.  M.  T.  only  asks  for  informa- 
tion as  to  male  descendants  ;  MR.  A.  R. 
BAYLEY'S  reply  therefore  mentions  males 
only.  But  Jeremy  Taylor's  second  wife 
Joanna  gave  him  a  daughter,  many  of 
whose  descendants  are  still  found  in  the 
North  of  Ireland.  Bishop  Jeremy  Taylor 
died  at  Lisburn  in  1667.  Joanna's  daughter 
married  a  Mr.  Jones,  a  gentleman  of  good 
family  living  in  Lisburn,  co.  Antrim.  Joanna 
brought  to  her  husband  an  interesting 
collection  of  pictures,  inherited  from  King 
Charles  I.  These  pictures  seem  to  have  been 
divided  among  Mrs.  Jones's  descendants.  I 
have  seen  such  as  remain  now  in  the  hands 
of  the  Clarke  family,  in  Lisburn  and  Belfast. 
One  of  these  pictures  is  the  original  sketch 
in  oils  of  Charles  I.  by  Vandyke's  own  hand, 
from  life,  a  fine  work  in  bold  style.  The 
Clarkes  possess  the  family  tree  of  their 
ancestors  back  to  the  days  of  the  good 
Bishop  of  Dromore. 

The  portrait  of  Jeremy  Taylor's  second  wife 
s  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Gillilan,  a  cousin  of 
the  Clarkes  now  residing  in  London.  It  is  a 
fine  picture,  the  lady  being  shown  in  an  oval 


panel,  with  a  portrait  of  Charles  I.  in  a  medal- 
lion underneath.  There  are  also  a  number  of 
excellent  Dutch  pictures,  which  came  to 
Jeremy  Taylor's  wife  Joanna  Bridges  along 
with  the  portraits  of  Charles  I.  and  Joanna 
herself.  The  portrait  of  Jeremy  Taylor 
by  Cornelius  Janssen  was  presented  to  All 
Souls  College,  Oxford,  by  Mr.  Clarke,  J.P., 
of  Elmwood,  Belfast,  some  50  years  ago, 
the  College  supplying  Mr.  Clarke  with  a  copy 
of  the  original.  The  families  of  Clarke,  Wilson, 
Bruce,  and  others  still  exist,  much  respected 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  Lisburn  and  Bel- 
fast, all  being  descended  from  Mrs.  Jones, 
the  daughter  of  Jeremy  Taylor,  Bishop  of 
Dromore. 

It  is  hardly  fair  to  call  Jeremy  Taylor's 
second  wife  the  illegitimate  daughter  of 
Charles  I.  (ante,  p.  258).  Charles,  when  very 
young,  married  the  daughter  of  a  country 
clergyman,  Joanna  Bridges' s  mother.  For 
reasons  of  State,  this  marriage  was  annulled. 
She  brought  some  fortune  and  the  pictures 
named  above,  to  Jeremy  Taylor,  who  was 
made  Bishop  of  Dromore  at  the  Restoration. 
Mr.  Jones  wrote  a  memoir  of  the  circum- 
stances, which  Bishop  Heber  considered 
proved  the  case  undoubtedly. 

JOHN  WARD,  F.S.A. 
Savile  Club. 

Jeremy  Taylor  by  his  second  wife  had 
Edward,  buried  at  Lisburn,  1660-61  ;  and 
Joanna,  who  got  her  mother's  estate  of 
Mandinam,  Carmarthenshire,  and  married 
Edward  Harrison,  a  member  of  the  Irish 
Bar,  and  M.P.  for  Lisburn.  A  descendant 
of  Jeremy  Taylor,  William  Todd  Jones,  died 
at  Rostrevor,  1818,  aged  63.  W.  SCOTT. 

ISAAC  WATTS' s  COT-LATERAL  DESCEND- 
ANTS (11  S.  ii.  168,  255). — I  am  much 
obliged  to  MR.  JOHN  T.  PAGE  for  his  reply 
which  contains  information  of  which  I  was 
unaware. 

There  were  two  mistakes  in  my  query. 

Thomas  Watts  the  nephew  was  of  Chi- 
chester,  not  Colchester. 

I  find  there  were  five  daughters  (not  four). 
Sarah  was  the  eldest,  and  I  put  her  husband 
and  children  against  Mary  No.  2.  Of  the 
latter  I  find  I  have  no  particulars. 

By  the  way,  Dr.  Richard  Watts  left  as  his 
executor  Edward  Calamy,  D.D.  ('D.N.B.'). 
He  married  a  Mary  Watts  in  1695,  daughter 
of  a  Michael  Watts  (b.  1636  ;  citizen  and 
haberdasher  of  London ;  d.  3  February, 
1707/8),  of  whom  Calamy  gives  a  lively 
account  in  his  own  life  (vol.  i.  365) :  "  Watts 
got  round  Pinfold,  who  was  about  to  ex- 
communicate him  for  his  jovial  qualities." 


352 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  n.  OCT.  29, 1910. 


Was  Michael  Watts  of  London  any  rela- 
tion of  the  Wattses  of  Southampton,  or  is 
it  a  coincidence  ?  WILLIAM  BULL. 

Vencourt,  King  Street,  Hammersmith. 

REV.  THOMAS  CLARKE  OF  CHESHAM  Bois 
(11  S.  ii.  129). — Since  asking  for  particulars 
of  this  gentleman,  I  have  discovered  a 
tablet  to  his  memory  on  the  upper  part  of 
the  south  wall  of  the  chancel  in  Chesham 
Bois  Church,  inscribed  as  under  : — 

Sacred  to  the  memory  of 

The  Reverend  Thomas  Clarke,  B.A. 

twenty-seven  years  rector  of  this  parish. 

He  was  an  able,  a  learned,  and  a  holy  man: 

always  abounding  in  the  work  of  the  Lord 

in  his  parish, 

in  his  ministry 

and  in  his  school, 

wherein. he  trained  up  many, 

whose  praise  has  since  been  in  all  the  churches. 

He  was  made  a  burning  and  a  shining  light ; 
doing  the  work  of  an  evangelist,  in  season  and  out 

of  season, 

that  all  might  repent  and  be  converted  unto  God  : 
and  after  a  life  and  conversation  becoming  the 

Gospel, 
full  of  zeal  and  of  brotherly  love,  and  clothed  with 

humility, 
died  before  many  witnesses  to  his  faith  and 

patience 

a     blessed    though    painful     death 
on  the  4th  of  October,  1793, 

aged  74. 

He  lies  buried  with  his  family 
beneath  the  stone  at  the  entrance 

to  this  his  house  of  prayer, 
waiting  the  resurrection  of  the  redeemed  ; 

this  monument  being  erected 
from  an  affectionate  and  reverent  sense  of  duty  to 

his  name 
by  a  few  of  his  surviving  scholars. 

A.D.    1831. 

Beneath  this  is  a  representation  of  the 
open  pages  of  a  Bible  inscribed  with  the 
words : — 

"  Hold  fast  the  form  of  sound  words  which  thou 
hast  heard  of  me,  in  faith  and  love  which  is  in 
Christ  Jesus.— ii.  Tim.  i.  13. 

The  day  and  the  month  of  Mr.  Clarke's 
death  are  there  stated,  but  no  mention  is 
made  of  his  father's  name,  his  birthplace, 
or  the  other  preferments  he  held.  The 
following  extract  from  the  Chesham  Bois 
register  of  burials  may  possibly  bring  to 
light  some  further  information  about  him  : — 

''Judith  Axtell,  sister-in-law  to  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Clarke,  Rector  of  this  Parish,  was  buried 
June  1st,  1792." 

L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 
Amersham. 

WASPS  :  THEIR  PRESENT  SCARCITY  (US. 
ii.  285). — Wasps  have  been  very  scarce  at 
Kirton-in-Lindsey  and  the  neighbourhood 
for  the  last  four  years.  I  have  seen  only 


three  this  year,  and  though  inquiries  have 
been  made,  have  not  heard  of  a  single  wasps' 
nest.  In  former  years  they  were  pain- 
fully numerous.  Humble-bees  are  scarce 
also,  but  one  visits  my  garden  nearly  every 
day.  EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

WEST  INDIAN  FOLK-LORE  (11  S.  ii.  225). 
— The  use  of  earth  from  a  footprint  as  a 
charm  is  found,  says  C.  G.  Leland  (probably 
quoting  from  Wlislocki),  among  the  Hun- 
garian gipsies.  See  his  c  Gypsy  Sorcery,' 
p.  112  :— 

"  If  a  gypsy  girl  be  in  love  she  finds  the  foot- 
print of  her  '  object,'  digs  out  the  earth  which  is 
within  its  outline,  and  buries  this  under  a  willow 
tree,  saying  : — 

Upro  PQUV  hin  but  pguva  ; 

Kas    kamav,    mange    th'    avla  1 

Barvol,  barvol,  salciye, 

Briga  na  hin  mange  I 

Yov  tover,  me  pori, 

Yov  kokosh,  me  catra, 

Ada,  ada  me  kamav. 

Many  earths  on  earth  there  be, 

Whom  I  love  my  own  shall  be, 

Grow,  grow,  willow  tree  1 

Sorrow  none  unto  me  I 

He  the  axe,  I  the  helve, 

He  the  cock,  I  the  hen, 

This,  this  [be  as]  I  will !  " 

Leland  also  says  (p.  25)  that  earth  from 
the  footsteps  of  any  one  is  regarded  as  a 
very  powerful  means  of  bewitching  him 
in  Italian  and  ancient  sorcery.  In  his 

*  Etruscan   Roman   Remains '     (p.    301)   he 
gives   a    description   "as    taken   down   ver- 
batim'1 thus  : — 

"  The  Sega  della  Strege  is  a  small  coin  which 
witches  have.  They  go  with  this  on  Tuesdays 
or  Fridays  to  the  roads  to  cut  or  scrape  the  earth 
from  footprints  of  people.  With  the  coin  they 
remove  the  earth,  and  with  it  they  do  great 
harm  (»..«.,  to  those  people)." 

P.  ZILLWOOD  ROUND. 
8,  Linden  Mansions.  Hornsey  Lane.  N. 

"ON  THE  TAPIS"  (11  S.  ii.  289).— I 
think  it  possible  that  this  phrase,  like 
"  Le  Roy  le  veult,"  is  a  Parliamentary 
survival.  Mr.  Shirley  of  Ettington,  the 
well-known  antiquary,  told  me  that  as  a 
young  man  he  attended  a  Conference  between 
the  Houses  of  Parliament,  when  the  Lords 
sat  covered,  and  the  Commons  stood  un- 
covered (Macaulay  gives  a  similar  account 
in  a  letter  to  his  sister).  Mr.  Shirley  added  : 
"  The  carpet  was  spread,  not  on  the  floor, 
but  on  the  table.  This  explains  the  phrase 

•  on  the  tapis.'  '  G.  W.  E.  R. 

Edward  Hyde,  Earl  of  Clarendon,  says  in 
his  'Diary'  (2  May,  1690):  "The  House 
of  Lords  sate  till  past  five  at  night.  Lord 


ii  s.  IL  OCT.  29,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


353 


Churchill  and  Lord  Godolphin  went  away, 
and  gave  no  votes  in  the  matter  which  was 
upon  the  tapis." 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

I  find  this  phrase  noticed  as  occurring  in 
George  Farquhar's  play  '  The  Beaux'  Stra- 
tagem,' "  My  business  comes  now  upon  the 
tapis."  III.  iii.,  though  I  confess  I  cannot 
find  the  reference  in  that  scene. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

[W.  C.  B.  refers  to  the  part  of  the  '  N.E.D.' 
issued  on  the  1st  inst.] 

SHAKESPEARE  QUARTOS  IN  SWITZERLAND 
IN  1857  (US.  ii.  288).— The  Zurich  State 
Library  possesses  a  copy  of  *  Pericles,' 
1611.  WM.  JAGGARD. 

Avonthwaite,  Stratford-on-Avon. 

During  the  fifties  of  last  century  numerous 
Shakespearian  discoveries  were  professedly 
made.  On  careful  investigation,  however, 
not  a  few  of  them  proved  to  be  nothing 
more  than  clever  fabrications.  The  alleged 
"  find "  in  Switzerland  does  not  appear 
to  have  fulfilled  the  expectations  of  the 
discoverer.  It  seems  to  have  excited  little 
attention.  There  is,  of  course,  nothing 
incredible  in  early  editions  of  Shakespeare 
being  found  in  Switzerland  ;  but  the  an- 
nouncement in  The  Art  Journal  is  discredited 
on  the  face  of  it.  It  must  have  been  news 
indeed  to  Shakespearian  scholars  of  fifty 
years  ago  to  hear  of  a  '  King  John '  bearing 
the  date  1591.  SCOTUS. 

SNAILS  AS  FOOD  (US.  ii.  125,  175,  218, 
315). — I  was  present  two  years  ago  at  a 
cottager's  Christmas  Eve  family  feast  at 
La  Charite  (near  Nevers),  when,  as  in  the 
Aries  picture  named  by  ST.  SWITHIN,  the 
large  edible  snail,  in  scores,  if  not  hundreds, 
formed  the  principal  dish.  D. 

WILL  WATCH,  THE  SMUGGLER  (11  S.  ii. 
269).— Like  MR.  R.  M.  HOGG,  I  have  long 
been  in  search  of  authentic  information 
regarding  this  celebrated  character — have 
even  used  your  own  columns — but  without 
avail.  The  only  reference  I  ever  came  across 
was  in  S.  C.  Hall's  '  Ireland,'  1843,  vol.  iii. 
pp.  11  and  12.  There  a  foot-note  to  a  de- 
scription of  Strangford  Lough  states  : — 

"  The  facts  of  the  tragical  story  of  '  Will 
Watch,  the  bold  smuggler,'  occurred  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Strangford  Lough.  The  hero 
!  the  tale  was  a  native  of  Newtown  -  Ards,  and 
was  killed  on  the  County  Down  coast.  Dibdin 
was  staying  for  some  time  in  Donaghadee, 
and  being  told  the  facts  by  a  barber  while  shaving 
him,  he  promised  to  write  a  song  on  the  subject 
ajid  did  so." 


In  that  district  delftware  chimneypiece 
ornaments  of  the  figure  of  Will  Watch  are 
still  to  be  seen. 

THE  EDITOR  *  IRISH  BOOK  LOVER.' 

Kensal  Lodge,  N.W. 

ARCHBISHOP  WHATELY  AND  THE  LORD 
LIEUTENANCY  OF  IRELAND  (11  S.  ii.  288). — 
The  references  required  will  be  found  in  the 
'  Life  and  Correspondence  of  Richard 
Whately,  D.D.,  late  Archbishop  of  Dublin,' 
by  E.  Jane  Whately,  2  vols.  (published  by 
Longmans,  1866),  pp.  237,  363,  &c.,  of 
vol.  ii.  The  references  are  extracts  from 
Mr.  Senior's  Journal,  8  October,  1852. 

If  it  is  any  convenience  to  MR.  MACKAY 
WILSON,  I  am  willing  to  forward  to  him  a 
copy  of  the  passages  required. 

FREDERICK  CHARLES  WHITE. 

26,  Arran  Street,  Roath,  Cardiff. 

ELEPHANT  AND  CASTLE  IN  HERALDRY 
(11  S.  i.  508;  ii.  36,  115,  231).— MR.  UDAL 
says  that  an  elephant  and  castle  was  borne 
as  a  crest,  and  also  refers  to  Dr.  Woodward, 
who  describes  the  elephant's  head  (?)  as  the 
crest  of  the  Malatestas  of  Rimini. 

I  doubt  if  the  emblazonment  of  an 
elephant  dates  so  far  back  as  Dante's  Paolo 
Malatesta  and  Francesca  da  Rimini  (1285), 
but  I  possess  a  delicate  drawing  (sketched  by 
my  old  friend  Reginald  Barrett  in  1887) 
of  a  splendid  Renaissance  medal  ordered  to 
be  struck  by  Sigismondo  (of  the  same 
valiant  race)  in  honour  of  his  wife  Isotta, 
who  was  one  of  the  most  remarkable  women 
of  her  time.  The  original  medal  by  the 
great  artist  Matteo  de  Fastis,  dated  A.D. 
1446,  is  in  the  Siena  Library,  and  bears  the 
Malatesta  device  of  a  full-grown  elephant 
on  the  reverse.  The  elephant  has  no  trap- 
pings or  harness  of  any  kind,  but  is  quite 
bare,  and  drawn  with  large  ears,  trunk,  and 
tusks  an  naturel.  Isotta,  who  has  a  fif- 
teenth-century head-dress,  is,  says  the 
inscription,  "  in  beauty  and  virtue  the 
honour  of  Italy."  WILLIAM  MERCER. 

'Heraldry  Ancient  and  Modern'   (1898), 
by  S.  T.  Aveling,  gives  the  elephant  as  one 
of  the  crests  of  Parkington  and  as  the  dexter 
supporter  of  the  arms  of  the  Earl  of  Powis. 
ALFRED  CHAS.  JONAS. 

With  reference  to  MR.  UDAL'S  remark 
that  Dr.  Woodward  gives  only  one  instance 
in  heraldry  of  an  elephant's  head  as  a  crest — 
that  of  the  Malatestas  of  Rimini — I  may 
draw  his  attention  to  the  fact  that  the 
older  of  the  crests  of  Sir  Nicholas  William 


354 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  B.  n.  OCT.  29, 1910. 


Throckmorton,  Bart.,  of  Coughton  Court, 
Warwickshire,  is  an  elephant's  head.  The 
Throckmorton  baronetcy  dates  from  1  Sep- 
tember, 1642.  H.  H. 

"TENEDISH"  (11  S.  ii.  286).— Handle 
Holme  was  not  the  most  accurate  of  persons, 
and  many  are  the  misspellings  and  mis- 
prints to  be  found  in  his  '  Academy  of 
Armory  and  Blazon,'  1688 — a  truly  mar- 
vellous and  most  interesting  repository  of 
information.  His  manuscript  as  it  went 
to  the  press  is  still  in  existence  amongst  the 
Harleian  MSS.  at  the  British  Museum. 
Reference  to  fo.  285  verso  of  the  volume 
(Harl.  MS.  2031)  containing  this  particular 
quotation  (which  is  from  Book  III.  chap.  iii. ) 
shows  that  Tenedish  is  written  fair  enough, 
so  that  there  is  no  misprint. 

The  context  made  it  possible  that  the 
word  was  a  corruption  of  the  Dutch  word 
Tennen-  or  Tenne-disch,  that  is  a  tin  dish. 
The  word  Tenne-werck,  for  vaisseau  ou  vaiselle 
d'estain,  is  given  in  '  Het  Groete  Woorden- 
Boeck '  of  Jan  Louys  d'Arsy,  Amsterdam, 
1682,  4to. 

The  next  thing  was  to  prove  that  such 
dishes  in  shell  form  were  made  in  tin.  That 
this  was  so  is  shown  by  the  following  passage 
from  "  Joannis  Schefferi  Argentoratensis 
Graphice  Id  est,  De  Arte  Pingendi  Liber 
Singularis ....  Norimbergae,  Ex  Officina  End- 
teriana,  A.C.  MDCLXIX.,"  12mo,  §  58, 
pp.  183-4  :— 

"  Servantur  colores  vel  in  conchis,  vel  in  fictilibus 

vasculis  ollisve,  aut  pyxidibus In  conchis  denique 

prseparati  lachryma  Arabica.  Idque  utilissimum 
est  genus.  Licet  enim  alij  fictilibus,  alij  vitris,  alij 
stanno,  aliov6  metallo  utantur,  solent  tamen  cito 
corrumpi  in  eis,  propter  vim  Arsenici  &  rerum 
aliarum  acrium  rodentiumque  quae  inhaerere 
metallis  solent,"  &c. 

The  word,  therefore,  may  mean  "  tin- 
dish,"  and  possibly  may  have  been  obtained 
from  some  Dutch  workman  consulted  by 
Holme,  or  may  have  been  a  technical  term 
imported  by  Dutch  workmen  ;  or  perhaps 
the  *'  piece  of  lead  "  was  tin  after  all.  But 
as,  nowadays,  there  are  plenty  of  "  tins  " 
not  made  of  tin  at  all,  so  in  those  days 
perhaps  the  tene  dish  was  beaten  up  out  of 
a  piece  of  sheet-lead,  as  being  a  ready  means 
of  making  the  shell-shaped  container  for  the 
"  Painter  "  or  black  paint. 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

Since  black,  in  the  symbolism  of  colours, 
represents  grief  and  woe,  would  not  Randall 
Holme  have  noted  the  circumstance  in 
relation  to  the  terms  used  in  mediaeval  art  ? 
In  Nathaniel  Bailey's  '  Dictionary,'  1760, 


"  tene  "  means  sorrow,  so  that  the  vessel 
shaped  "  like  a  muscle  shell,  in  which  the 
black  is  kept  moist  to  work  withal,"  may 
have  been  a  "  dish  "  to  hold  a  black  pigment 
for  use  in  symbolic  art.  Cf.  the  Latin 
tenebrce,  darkness,  and  our  "  tenebrous  "  = 

gloomy.  J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

Is  not  tene  in  tenedish  the  same  as  tenne, 
defined  in  Kersey's  '  English  Dictionary,' 
1748,  as  a  heraldic  term,  meaning  the 
"tawny  or  orange  colour"  ?  Ogilvie's  'Im- 
perial Dictionary,'  ed.  1850,  connects  tenne 
with  the  Spanish  tanetto,  and  defines  it  as 
"  a  colour  in  heraldry,  the  same  as  tawny, 
and  by  some  heralds  called  brusk."  May 
not  tenedish  signify  "  the  tawny-coloured 
dish  "  ?  W.  SCOTT. 

Stirling. 

'  THE  ANNALS  OF  ENGLAND  '  (11  S.  ii. 
289).— The  author  was  W.  E.  Flaherty, 
but  the  three  volume  edition  of  1855-7  was 
superseded  by  the  8vo  volume  of  1876, 
which  was  much  improved.  The  revised 
edition  had  the  proofs  read  by  Bishop 
Stubbs  (then  Regius  Professor  of  Modern 
History  in  the  University  of  Oxford),  who 
had  used  the  book  in  his  lectures. 

JAMES  PAEKEE. 

Oxford. 

The  author  of  '  The  Annals  of  England  ' 
was  my  grandfather,  the  late  W.  E.  Flaherty, 
who  died  in  1878  at  Homerton,  in  North 
London.  We  are  hoping  to  get  an  old-age 
pension  for  his  only  surviving  daughter. 
He  was  originally  apprenticed  to  a  printer, 
and  afterwards  assisted  the  late  Sir  Thomas 
Hardy  in  various  works.  In  1854  appeared 
'  The  Annals  of  England,'  which  he  modestly 
styled  a  compilation.  The  Library  Edition 
of  1876  contains  a  short  testimonial  by 
Bishop  Stubbs. 

My  grandfather  was  for  a  time  (before 
1868)  editor  of  The  Gentleman's  Magazine, 
and  some  time  also  editor  of  The  Army  and 
Navy  Gazette.  He  prepared  some  of  Murray's 
well-known  handbooks,  assisted  in  the  work 
of  '  Whitaker's  Almanack,'  took  part  in  the 
revision  of  Green's  '  History  of  the  English 
People  '  (Library  Edition),  published  a  short 
'  Scripture  History,'  &c.  I  believe  he  was 
for  a  considerable  period  on  the  staff  of 
The  Times.  His  name  appeared  on  the 
preliminary  list  of  the  '  Dictionary  of  National 
Biography  '  as  author  of  the  '  Annals,'  but 
no  biography  was  published  in  the  work 
itself.  F.  W.  HENKEL. 

162,  Queen's  Road,  Walthamstow. 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  29, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


355 


The  following  information  is  from  a 
newspaper  cutting  inserted  in  my  copy  of 
this  work  : — 

"  June,  1878. — At  Homerton,  age  71,  Mr. 
William  Edward  Flaherty.  The  deceased, 
apprenticed  to  a  printer,  Mr.  J.  G.  Barnard, 
worked,  in  1834,  at  Messrs.  Bradbury  &  Evans, 
where  but  two  or  three  hands  were  then  employed. 
He  went  to  Harrison's  in  1840,  and  there,  by  his 
intelligence,  attracted  the  attention  of  Mr.  John 
W.  Parker,  the  celebrated  publisher,  and,  amongst 
others,  of  the  late  Sir  Thomas,  then  Mr.  Duffus 
Hardy,  by  whose  advice  he  turned  his  attention  to 
the  study  of  our  ancient  records.  He  assisted  Sir 
Thomas  in  various  works,  and  in  1854  compiled 
'  The  Annals  of  England,'  a  work  of  great  labour, 
and  now  regarded  as  a  standard  of  English 
chronology.  He  also  for  a  short  time,  edited 
The  Gentleman's  Magazine.  He  rendered  con- 
siderable literary  service  to  Mr.  Murray  in  the 
revision  of  several  of  his  handbooks,  to  Mr.  J.  R. 
Green  on  his  library  edition  of  the  '  History  of  the 
English  People,'  and  to  Mr.  Whitaker  on  his 
4  Almanack.'  " 

ALFRED  T.  EVERITT. 

[MR.  C.  S.  JEBBAM  and  MR.  G.  WHALE  also 
thanked  for  replies.] 

THE  VATCH  OB  VACHE,  CHALFONT  ST. 
GILES  (11  S.  ii.  308).— In  '  Chalfont  St. 
Giles,  Past  and  Present,'  by  the  late  Rev.  P. 
Phipps,  published  by  Macmillan,  and  sold 
in  the  village,  the  origin  of  the  name  is 
explained  : — 

"  The  De  La  Vaches  were  a  distinguished  family, 
who  owned  property  in  Shenley  Mansel  in  1277, 
and  in  Aston  Clinton  in  1279,  where  certain  lands 
are  still  called  The  Vaches.  Their  principal  resi- 
dence was,  however,  at  Chalfont  St.  Giles,  and  they 
were  buried  in  the  church  there,"  &c. 

R.  W.  P. 

ALL  SOULS  COLLEGE,  OXFORD,  AND  THE 
DUKE  OF  WHARTON  (11  S.  ii.  309). — In 
1720  Wharton,  apparently  on  Young's 
suggestion,  offered  1,183Z.,  a  benefaction 
which  the  College  had  the  greatest  difficulty 
in  securing  from  his  embarrassed  estate.  By 
1751,  however,  Blackstone  was  successful, 
and  his  Grace's  memory  is  now  perpetuated 
by  "  The  Wharton  Buildings,"  which  join 
the  towers  to  the  east  end  of  the  Library. 

The  Duke  died,  aged  32,  in  the  monastery 
of  the  Franciscans  at  Poblet  on  31  May, 
1731,  and  was  buried  next  day  in  the  church 
there  (9  S.  i.  91). 

Ask  you  why  Wharton  broke  through  ev  'ry  rule  ? 
Twas  all  for  fear  the  knaves  should  call  him  fool. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

The  Duke  of  Wharton' s  will  was  proved 
in  the  Prerogative  Court  in  1736 

W.  H.  W.,  N. 


'  THE  HEROINE  '  (11  S.  ii.  308).— The  work 
referred  to  is,  no  doubt,  "  The  Heroinae  :  or 
The  Lives  of  Arria,  Paulina,  Lucrecia,  Dido, 
Theatilla,  Cypriana,  Aretaphila.  London, 

1639,"  12mo.     This  curious  and  interest- 

ing  little  book  is  by  G.  Rivers,  and  is  dedi- 
cated to  Lady  Dorothy  Sydney. 

It  is  possible  that  this  may  be  also  the 
work  for  which  PROF.  MOORE  SMITH  inquires 
in  his  second  query,  but  as  alternatives  I 
suggest  "  The  Womans  Glorie.  A  Treatise, 
Asserting  the  due  Honour  of  that  Sexe,  And 
Directing  wherein  that  Honour  consists. 
Dedicated  to  the  young  Princesse,  Eliza- 
beth her  Highnesse. .  .  .London. .  . .  1645," 
12mo  (this  little  book  is  by  Samuel  Torshel, 
who  died  in  1650),  and  "  Haec  Homo, 
wherein  the  Excellency  of  the  Creation  of 
Woman  is  described, ...  .By  William  Austin, 
Esquire.  London,. .  . .  1637,"  12mo. 

G.  THORN-DRURY. 

Could  the  reference  be  to  Julius  Caesar 
Scaliger's  *  Heroinse  '  (pp.  358-84  of  Part  I. 
in  the  1574  edition  of  his  '  Poemata'),  the 
set  of  short  poems — many  of  only  four  lines 
— that  he  dedicated  to  Bandello  ? 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

[W.  S.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

'  LITTLE  BOOKE  OF  THE  PERFECTION  OF 
WOEMEN'  (11  S.  ii.  308).— There  are,  I 
believe,  several  works  that  fall  within  this 
general  description.  One  that  occurs  to  me 
is  '  The  Excellency  of  Good  Women.'  This 
was  published  in  1613,  and  the  author, 
Barnabe  Rich,  died  about  four  years  later. 
Of  his  subsequent  career  there  is  no  accessible 
record.  A.  T.  W. 

There  is  a  book  named  '  The  Praise  of 
Worthy  Women,'  written  by  Charles  Gerbier, 
and  published  London,  1651,  12mo.  On  the 
whole,  however,  it  seems  more  likely  that  the 
"  little  booke  of  the  perfection  of  Woemen  " 
is  intended  for  Robert  Greene's  *  Penelope's 
Web.  Wherein  a  Chrystall  Myrror  of 
Foeminine  Perfection  represents  to  the  viewe 
of  every  one  those  Virtues  and  Graces  which 
more  commonly  beautifies  the  mynd  of 
Women  than  eyther  sumptuous  Apparell 
or  Jewels  of  inestimable  Value,'  published 
in  1601.  W.  S.  S. 

GUTENBERG'S  42-UNE  BIBLE  (11  S.  ii.  307). 
— The  projector  of  a  photo-lithographic  fac- 
simile of -the  Gutenberg  Bible  was  Mr.  Alfred 
Brothers,  F.R.A.S.,  of  Manchester,  to  whom 
it  was  probably  suggested  by  his  excellent 
work  in  connexion  with  the  Holbein  Society, 


356 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  29, 1910. 


Lord  Crawford  had  promised  to  lend  his  copy 
for  reproduction,  and  an  introduction  was 
to  be  supplied  by  the  undersigned. 

WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 
191,  Plymouth  Grove,  Manchester. 

JEREMIAH  RICH'S  WORKS  (US.  ii.  248).— 
Jeremiah  Rich  finds  a  place  in  the  *  D.N.B.' 
He  developed  the  shorthand  system  of  his 
uncle  William  Cartwright,  but  claimed  the 
method  as  his  own.  Were  not  the  works 
attributed  to  him  written  in  shorthand  ? 
If  so,  it  will  be  extremely  difficult  to  procure 
surviving  copies.  Few  public  libraries  make 
a  feature  of  collecting  such  works.  Man- 
chester Free  Library  is  an  honourable  excep- 
tion. The  Shorthand  Collection  in  the 
Reference  Department  there  might  be  con- 
sulted. Further  information  may  be  ob- 
tained from  Rockwell's  '  Bibliography  of 
Shorthand  Works  in  English '  or  from 
Westby-Gibson's  '  Bibliography  of  Short- 
hand.' W.  S.  S. 

PLANTAGENET  TOMBS  AT  FONTEVRAULT 
(11  S.  ii.  184,  223,  278,  332).— I  should  be 
extremely  glad  of  information  as  to  how  and 
when  the  plaster  casts  of  these  tombs  in  the 
Crystal  Palace  were  made.  Some  years  ago 
I  wrote  to  the  then  Secretary  of  the  Palace 
asking  for  information  on  these  points,  but 
he  was  unable  to  give  it.  The  Curator  of  the 
Musee  de  Sculpture  Comparee  in  Paris  was, 
however,  certain  that  matrices  had  never 
been  made  direct  from  the  effigies  at  Fonte- 
vrault.  Had  this  been  done,  there  would 
have  been  an  official  record  of  the  fact,  and 
it  also  seems  probable  that  the  French 
Government  would  have  obtained  replicas  of 
the  casts  for  its  own  national  collection. 

It  is  many  years  since  I  saw  the  casts  at 
the  Crystal  Palace,  and  my  recollection  is  that 
they  were  wonderfully  accurate  reproduc- 
tions ;  but  of  course,  from  a  documentary 
point  of  view,  it  makes  all  the  difference  in 
their  value  if  they  are  merely  clever  models 
after  the  originals,  and  not  actual  casts 
from  matrices  made  from  the  effigies  at 
Fontevrault.  WALTER  S.  CORDER. 

OATCAKE  AND  WHISKY  AS  EUCHARISTIC 
ELEMENTS  (11  S.  ii.  188,  237,  278).— I  hav 
been  unable  to  find,  either  by  research  or 
direct  inquiry,  that  oatcake  and  whisky  were 
ever  used  regularly  in  Scotland  for  the 
purpose  referred  to.  That  they  were  sc 
used  on  occasion,  or  in  an  emergency  (as  on 
the  field  of  Culloden),is,  however,  not  at  al 
improbable.  I  am  informed  that  short 
bread,  instead  of  bread,  is  still  used  in  a 
least  one  parish  in  Galloway.  T.  F.  D. 


WOODEN  EFFIGIES  AT   WESTON  -  UNDER - 

IZARD   (11   S.  ii.   268).— Perhaps  the  most 

emarkable  wooden  effigy  in  England  is  that 

)f  Robert,  Duke  of  Normandy,   the  eldest 

on  of  William  the  Conqueror,  who  died  a 

prisoner  at  Cardiff  Castle  in  1135.     It  is  in 

he  choir  of  Gloucester  Cathedral.       H.  H. 

If  I  may  be  permitted  to  supplement  the 
editorial  note  I  would  refer  to   an  article 
hat  appeared  in   The  Portfolio,    1893,  vol 
xiv.     It  bore  the  title  *  Effigies  in  Wood.' 

SCOTUS. 

"  RALLIE-PAPIER  "  (11  S.  ii.  307).— Surely, 
1  rallye  ir  is  a  French  term  of  the  art  of 
venery — for  a  stag-hunt.  D. 

Paris. 

4  MONSIEUR  TONSON  '  :   ITS  AUTHOR  (US. 

i.  310).— The  '  D.N.B.,'  vol.  Iv.  p.  445,  says 

that  John  Taylor  (1757-1832) 

'  is    best    known    by    his    *  Monsieur    Tonson,'   a 

dramatic  poem  suggested  by  a  prank  of  Thomas 

King the  actor.    An  elaborated  dramatic  version 

by    William    Thomas    Moncrieff was    read    or 

rehearsed  on  8  Sept.  1821,  but  never  played,  at 
Drury  Lane  (Genest,  'Hist,  of  the  Stage,'  ix.  96). 
The  poem,  however,  recited  by  John  Fawcett  at 
the  Freemasons'  Tavern,  drew  crowds  — a  striking 
tribute  to  the  actor's  powers  of  elocution.  It  was 
illustrated  by  Richard  Cruikshank,  London,  1830, 
12mo;  and  was  republished  in  vol.  ii.  of  'Facetiae, 
or  Jeux  d'Esprit,'  illustrated  by  Cruikshank,  1830 
(an  earlier  edition,  Glasgow  [1800],  12mo)." 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

John  Taylor's  '  Monsieur  Tonson '  was  a 
humorous  poem  depicting  the  sufferings  of 
an  old  Frenchman  who  was  continually 
pestered  by  callers  inquiring  for  a  Mr. 
Thompson.  Upon  this  Moncrieff  founded 
his  farce  of  the  same  name,  which  is  by  no 
means  devoid  of  merit,  and  enjoyed  con- 
siderable popularity  for  some  years,  the 
character  of  the  Frenchman,  Monsieur 
Morbleu  (originally  played  by  Gattie),  being 
a  favourite  part  of  the  elder  Mathews. 

WM.  DOUGLAS. 

125,  Helix  Road,  Brixton  Hill. 

Brewer  ('Reader's  Handbook')  gives  a 
brief  outline  of  the  farce  '  Monsieur  Tonson,' 
claimed  as  the  production  of  William 
Thomas  Moncrieff  in  1821.  He  states  at 
the  close  of  the  notice  that  "  Taylor  "  has 
a  drama  of  the  same  name,  published  in 
1767.  This  is  perhaps  a  mistake.  Dr. 
Brewer  seems  to  be  confusing  the  "Chevalier" 
Taylor  with  his  grandson  John  Taylor  the 
journalist,  whose  drama  '  Monsieur  Tonson  '. 
was  not  published  until  1830.  It  is  true 
that  the  'D.N.B.'  asserts  that  Taylor's 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  29. 1910.  ]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


357 


drama  was  "  rehearsed "  at  Drury  Lane 
Theatre  in  1821.  This  statement,  however, 
will  hardly  disprove  the  fact  that  Moncrieff 
produced  a  farce  in  1821,  and  Taylor  pub- 
lished a  drama  in  1830.  Whatever  Mon- 
crieff's  faults  may  have  been  in  the  way  of 
appropriating  other  men's  work,  he  cannot 
well  have  used  a  publication  issued  nine  years 
after  his  own  production  had  seen  the  light. 
The  easiest  solution  would  be  to  suppose 
that  Moncrieff 's  farce  and  Taylor's  drama 
are  different  works,  and  agree  only  in  having 
the  same  title.  W.  S.  S. 

SAINT'S  CLOAK  HANGING  ON  A  SUNBEAM 
(US.  ii.  309). — This  was  a  rather  common 
event.  In  the  seventh  century  St.  Deicola, 
an  Irish  saint,  hung  his  cloak  on  a  sunbeam. 
In  575  St.  Goar,  the  hermif,  did  the  same. 
At  the  end  of  the  seventh  century  St. 
Gudula  hung  a  pair  of  gloves  on  just  such 
a  beam.  St.  Leonorus  of  Brittany  did  like- 
wise with  his  mantle.  All  these  instances 
are  given  by  Dr.  E.  C.  Brewer  in  his  *  Dic- 
tionary of  Miracles,'  pp.  298-9. 

But  the  feat  was  surpassed  by  St.  Dunstan, 
whose  chasuble  hung  suspended  in  the  air 
upon  nothing  at  all,  without  so  much  as  a 
sunbeam  for  a  peg  ;  see  the  '  Lives  of  St. 
Dunstan,'  ed.  W.  Stubbs  (Rolls  Series), 
p.  204.  WALTEB  W.  SKEAT. 

St.  Bridget,  we  are  told,  hung  her  cloak 
on  a  sunbeam.  See  J.  M.  Mackinlay, 
*  Folk-lore  of  Scottish  Lochs  and  Streams,' 
p.  45,  and  Margaret  Stokes,  '  Three  Months 
in  France,'  p.  44.  The  person  here  men- 
tioned was,  we  think,  the  Irish  saint  of  that 
name.  N.  M.  &  A. 

Quite  a  number  of  canonized  folk,  both 
male  and  female,  are  reputed  to  have  used 
sunbeams  as  clothes-lines.  In  Husenbeth's 
Emblems  of  the  Saints '  (Jessopp's  1882 
edition)  nine  are  mentioned.  They  are  as 
follows : — 1.  St.  Gotthard,  the  eleventh- 
century  hermit  ;  2.  St.  Odo  (or  Eudes),  a 
twelfth-century  Archbishop  of  Canterbury 
(Owen  in  his  '  Sanctorale  Catholicum ' 
ascribes  him  to  the  tenth  century.  He 
was  long  known  as  "  Odo  se  gode,"  i.e. 
Odo  the  Good)  ;  3.  St.  Amabilis,  a  late  fifth- 
century  confessor  ;  4.  St.  Amatus,  the 
seventh-century  Abbat  of  R6miremont  ; 
5.  St.  Leonorus  (Leonor  le  Gallois),  a  sixth- 
century  bishop  in  Brittany  ;  6.  St.  Lucanus, 
who  seems  to  have  suffered  martyrdom  by 
decapitation,  but  the  time  of  whose  death 
is  uncertain  ;  7.  St.  Bridget  (or  Bride),  the 
sixth-century  Abbess  of  Kildare ;  8.  St. 


Florentius,  the  seventh-century  bishop  ; 
9.  Abbess  Alruna,  of  whom  no  particulars 
are  given.  HABBY  HEMS. 

Fair  Park,  Exeter. 

The  story  is  related  of  St.  Aldhelm  when 
saying  mass  in  St.  John  Lateran's  in  Rome. 

J.  B. 

The  story  will  be  found  in  the  metrical 
life  of  St.  Werburgha,  Virgin  and  Abbess, 
patroness  of  the  City  of  Chester,  published 
for  the  Chetham  Society  in  1848  from  the 
original  by  Henry  Bradshaw,  monk  of  that 
town,  at  pp.  48  and  49.  The  incident  is 
related  of  St.  Ceadda,  first  Bishop  of  Lich- 
field. 

The  passage  also  occurs  in  St.  Werburgha' s 
life  from  the  same  source,  printed  by  the 
Early  English  Text  Society,  1887,  and 
edited  by  Carl  Horstmann,  who  has  made 
much  research  on  these  subjects. 

NIALL  W.  CAMPBELL. 

28,  Clarges  Street,  Mayfair,  W. 

This  story  forms  six  stanzas  of  Mistral's 
'  Mireio,'  finished  in  1859.  The  episode 
occurs  in  the  third  canto. 

EDWABD  NICHOLSON. 

Paris. 

This  story  is  printed  in  '  A  Medieval 
Garner,'  by  C.  G.  Coulton  (Constable,  1910). 
The  saint  of  whom  it  is  related  is  St.  Goar, 
who  died  c.  A.D.  650,  and  the  reference  given 
is  to  '  Acta  Sanctorum  Bolland.' 

A.  MOBLEY  DAVIES. 

I  think  the  saint  of  whom  your  corre- 
spondent is  in  search  may  be  St.  Chad, 
but  he  was  not  peculiar  in  his  selection  of  a 
hanging-place.  Legends  analogous  to  his 
are  told  of  SS.  Amatus,  Goar,  Cuthman, 
Bridget,  Leonore,  Amabilis,  Deicolus,  and 
probably  of  others.  I  myself  have,  all  but 
literally,  followed  the  example  of  St.  Bridget : 
she  dried  her  wet  garment  on  a  sunbeam  ; 
I  have  dried  mine  in  one.  Mr.  Baring-Gould, 
to  whose  '  Lives  of  the  Saints '  I  have 
appealed  in  this  matter,  .  explains  the 
wonder  thus  ('  July,'  p.  155,  n.)  :  "  It  was 
said  that  the  saint  had  hung  his  vestment 
over  a  beam,  '  radius,'  and  the  double  mean- 
ing of  the  word  originated  the  miracle  of  the 
story."  ST.  S  WITHIN. 

[MB.  F.  W.  HACQUOIL,  MB.  B.  WALKEB,  MB. 
ALFBED  WBEJT,  and  YGBEC  also  thauked  for  replies.] 

LONGFELLOW'S  '  EXCELSIOB  '  IN  PIGEON 
ENGLISH  (11  S.  ii.  309).— This  parody  on 
'  Excelsior '  was  anonymous,  and  appeared 
first  in  Macmillarfs  Magazine  and  in 


358 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       in  s.  n.  OCT.  29, 1910. 


'  Meeting  the  Sun,'  by  Mr.  Simson ;  so 
Charles  G.  Leland  says  in  his  '  Pidgin- 
English  Sing-Song,'  where  he  introduces  it, 
pp.  114-16.  It  has  doubtless  been  copied 
into  many  books  ;  amongst  the  number, 
I  inserted  it  in  an  article  on  Pidgin-English 
in  my  book  '  Things  Chinese,'  4th  ed., 
pp.  509-10.  J.  DYER  BALL. 

Hadley  Wood. 

In  Mr.  J.  D.  Ball's  'Things  Chinese,' 
3rd  ed.,  1900,  p.  431  sq.,  the  refrain  to 
*  Excelsior  *  is  given  as  "  Topside  Galow,"  not 
"  Topside  galore."  W.  CROOKE. 

'  Topside  Galow  '  (not  "  Galore  ")  will  be 
found  in  '  Poetical  Ingenuities  and  Eccen- 
tricities '  (p.  123),  edited  by  William  T. 
Dobson,  and  published  by  Chatto  &  Windus. 
It  is  said  to  have  first  appeared  in  Harper's 
Magazine  in  1869.  DAVID  SALMON. 

Swansea. 

The  first  article  in  the  first  number  of 
Pro  and  Con  :  a  Journal  for  Literary  In- 
vestigation, published  in  December,  1872, 
is  entitled  '  Pidgin  English,'  wherein  that 
jargon  is  explained,  and  '  Excelsior  '  given 
as  an  illustration,  under  the  title  of  '  Topside 
Galah  !  '  A.  RHODES. 

J.  F.  F.  will  find  this  poem  in  Hamilton's 
4  Collection  of  Parodies,'  vol.  i.  p.  81.  The 
refrain  "  Excelsior "  is  there  given  as 
*'  Topside  Galah  !  "  JOHN  PATCHING. 

[MB.  J.  CARTON,  MR.  F.  CURRY,  MR.  J.  J.  FREE- 
MAN, and  MR.  D.  H.  THOMPSON  thanked  for  replies.] 

"FERE"  (11  S.  ii.  304).  — How  does 
PROF.  SKEAT  read  into  this  word  the  idea 
of  companionship  ?  No  doubt  the  deriva- 
tion he  gives  is  correct.  That  derivation 
shows  that  the  word  means  simply  a  goer, 
a  traveller.  In  this  meaning  the  word  is 
still  in  use  by  itself  and  in  composition,  e.g., 
"  wayfarer  "  ;  the  conductor  of  a  tram,  &c., 
refers  commonly  to  the  passengers  as 
"fares."  F.  P. 

LADIES  AND  UNIVERSITY  DEGREES  (11  S. 
ii.  247). — It  is  claimed  that  Miss  Elizabeth 
Blackwell,  a  native  of  Bristol,  was  the  first 
lady  to  receive  a  medical  degree  from  an 
American  University.  She  graduated  as 
M.D.  in  January,  1849,  at  Geneva  University, 
State  of  New  York. 

Great  Britain  was  much  later  in  recognizing 
the  propriety  of  conferring  such  honours  on 
women.  One  of  the  first  ladies,  if  not  the 
very  first  in  this  country,  to  receive  a 
medical  degree  was  Miss  Elizabeth  Garrett 
(now  Mrs.  Garrett  Anderson,  M.D.).  She 


passed  the  examination  of  the  Society  of 
Apothecaries  in  1865,  and  became  entitled 
to  write  the  letters  L.S.A.  after  her  name. 
Her  M.D.  degree  was  obtained  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Paris  in  1870.  W.  SCOTT. 

EDWARD  R.  MORAN  (11  S.  ii.  168,  236).— 
I  have  just  turned  up  a  collection  of  letters 
and  cuttings,  chiefly  from  the  '  Cyclopaedia 
of  English  Literature,'  which  was  formed  by 
the  late  Thomas  Crofton  Croker,  with  the 
view,  apparently,  of  illustrating  the  assembly 
of  literary  portraits  which  was  published  in 
Fraser's  Magazine.  Amongst  these  letters 
is  the  following  one  from  Moran  :  — 

MY  DEAR  CROKER,  —  Who  is  the  man  in  the  plate 
of  the  Fraserians  who  sits  between  Frank  Murphy 
and  Ainsworth,  just  above  Coleridge  ? 

Prout  and  I  have  found  the  rest  ;  long  may  "the 
both  of  yez  "  be  among  the  survivors  ! 

Incurs,  E.  R.  MORAN. 

T.  C.  Croker,  Esq.,  &c.,  &c.,  Admiralty. 
Croker     replies      "  McNeish  "      (properly, 
Macnish),  and  adds  the  following  note  in  his 
exquisitely  neat  autograph  :  — 

"Poor  Moran  !  the  writer  of  this  inquiry  was 
dead  within  three  months  after  making  it.  He 
died  on  the  6th  October,  1849.  His  books  were  sold 
by  Messrs.  Puttick  and  Simpson,  191,  Piccadilly,  oii 
19th  November  and  four  following  days,  and  his 
Prints  on  the  27th  November,  1849. 

"  This  Volume  is  illustrated  by  some  Newspaper 
Cuttings  bought  at  his  sale.  20th  December,  1849* 


Though  Moran  is  said  to  have  died  in- 
solvent, he  must  have  left  a  considerable 
library.  Since  writing  the  above,  I  have 
received  a  catalogue  from  Mr.  Walter  V. 
Daniell,  of  King  Street,  St.  James's,  con- 
taining the  following  entry  :  — 

"Moore  (Thomas),  Nine  Autograph  Letters 
relating  to  Literary  Matters,  dated  from  Sloperton, 
mounted  in  a  vol.  with  a  quantity  of  Portraits, 
Cuttings,  MS.  notes  by  Moran  of  The  Globe,  relating 
to  the  Poet,  etc.,  etc.,  2  vols.  4to." 

Truly,  as  Mr.  Daniell  says,  "  an   interesting 
collection."  W.  F.  PRIDEAUX. 

"ALL  RIGHT,  MCCARTHY"  (11  S.  ii.  286). 
—  The  last  lines  of  the  first  chapter  of  '  The 
Professor  at  the  Breakfast  Table  '  are  :  — 
Born  of  stream  galvanic,  with  it  he  had  perished  I 
There  is  no  De  Sauty  now  there  is  no  current  ! 
Give  us  a  new  cable,  then  again  we'll  hear  him 
Cry,  "  All  right  !    De  Sauty." 

CHAS.  A.  BERNATJ. 

MR.  DARLINGTON'S  note  partially  explains 
"  De  Sauty  "  in  '  The  Professor  at  the 
Breakfast  Table,'  a  poem  I  had  never 
understood.  But  why  did  Holmes  change- 
McCarthy  into  De  Sauty  ? 

JOHN  B.  WAIITEWRIGHT.. 


n  s.  ii.  OCT.  29, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


359 


DAVID  GABBICK  IN  FRANCE  (11  S.  ii.  287). 
— MB.  F.  A.  HEDGCOCK,  who  is  engaged  on  a 
study  on  '  Garrick  and  his  French  Friends,' 
may  find  printed  extracts  from  Garrick' s 
letters  to  French  friends  by  consulting 
the  autograph  sale  catalogues  in  the 
National  Library  in  Paris.  Many  letters  of 
Garrick  must  have  passed  through  the 
Parisian  auction-rooms  since  the  death  of 
the  great  actor.  The  French  autograph 
catalogues  are  similar  to  those  issued  in 
London  by  Sotheby  and  Puttick  &  Simpson, 
and  usually  contain  printed  extracts  from 
the  lots  offered. 

Autograph  letters  of  David  Garrick  to 
French  Protestants  have  been  picked  up 
for  nominal  sums  in  the  curiosity  shops  in 
Holland  and  Belgium.  A  friend  of  my 
uncle  (the  late  A.  L.  de  Terrlant,  manager  of 
the  Marseilles  branch  of  the  Eastern  Tele- 
graph Company)  many  years  ago  wrote  and 
had  printed  for  private  circulation  (about 
60  copies)  a  pamphlet  of  some  30  pages 
dealing  with  Garrick' s  friendship,  philan- 
thropy, and  connexion  with  French  Pro- 
testants. The  author  asserted  that  the 
French  Garrick  (originally  de  la  Garrique) 
family  were  related  by  marriage  to  the 
Huguenot  families  of  Labouchere,  Martineau, 
Folkard,  and  Fonblanque,  who  settled  in 
England  owing  to  Louis  XIV.'s  persecutions. 
I  cannot  at  the  present  moment  recall  the 
name  of  the  author  of  '  Garrick  et  les 
Huguenots,'  but  I  had  at  one  time  a  copy  ; 
it  disappeared,  however,  with  other  paper- 
covered  literature,  on  removal  from  one 
residence  to  another  about  fifteen  years  ago. 
ANDREW  DE  TERNANT. 

25,  Speenham  Road,  Brixton,  S.W. 

QUEEN  KATHERINE  PARR  (11  S.  i.  508  ;  ii. 
99). — Other  sources  are  Ballard's  '  Memoirs 
of  Several  Ladies  of  Great  Britain  '  ;  Hume's 
'  Wives  of  Henry  VIII.'  ;  and  Mrs.  Dent's 
*  Annals  of  Winchcombe  and  Sudeley.' 
The  last  gives  particulars  of  some  of  the 
relics  of  Katharine  Parr. 

ROLAND  AUSTIN. 

QUEEN  ELIZABETH  AND  ASTROLOGY  (11  S. 
ii.  107,  197). — It  may  be  worth  noting  that 
much  on  the  subject  of  the  Queen  and 
astrology  appears  in  a  curiously  compiled 
work  entitled  *  The  Predicted  Plague,  by 
"  Hippocrates  Junior,"  published  a  few 
years  ago  by  Messrs.  Simpkin.  The  volume 
purports  to  print  verbatim  "  Her  Majesty's 
Book  of  Astrology  and  the  Diary  of  her 
Astrologer,  Dr.  Dee." 

WILLIAM  McMuRRAY. 


"DISJECTION"  (11  S.  ii.  289).— It  may 
be  of  interest  to  MB.  FLINT  if  I  point  out 
that  a  volume  of  literary  extracts  from 
famous  authors,  entitled  '  Disjecta,'  was 
edited  by  Mr.  Sydney  Humphries,  and 
privately  printed  in  1909,  folio.  A  copy  is 
available  at  the  Stratford  Memorial  Library. 

WM.  JAGGABD. 
Avonthwaite,  Stratford-on-Avon. 

MALMAISON  (US.  ii.  289). — Possibly  the 
explanation  will  be  found  in  '  Josephine, 
Empress  and  Queen,'  by  Frederic  Masson, 
translated  by  Mrs.  Cashel  Hoey,  1899. 

J.    HOLD  EN   MACMlCHAEL. 

In  Lockhart's  "*  Life  of  Napoleon  Bona- 
parte '  it  is  stated  that  Malmaison  was 
originally  a  hospital  before  being  converted 
into  a  dwelling-house.  Malmaison  will  there- 
fore mean  "  house  of  the  sick."  It  does  not 
carry  with  it  any  evil  significance. 

W.  SCOTT. 

ST.  CATHEBINE'S  COLLEGE,  CAMBBIDGE  : 
ITS  ARMS  (11  S.  ii.  308).— Surely  "Sable" 
is  a  misprint  for  Gules.  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 


0tt 


Misericords.   By  Francis  Bond.    (Henry  Frowde.}- 

THE  OXFORD  UNIVERSITY  PRESS  has  projected 
a  series  of  four  volumes  on  '  Wood  Carvings  in* 
English  Churches,'  and  the  first  of  them  appears  inu 
this  finely  illustrated  book  from  the  competent 
hand  of  Mr.  Bond.  With  the  average  light- 
minded  tourist  no  feature  in  our  ancient  churchea 
and  cathedrals  is  so  popular  as  the  quaint  miseri- 
cords, or,  as  he  is  accustomed  to  call  them,  the 
"  misereres."  They  import  a  welcome  element 
of  humour  and  everyday  humanity  into  the- 
austerities  of  architectural  sight-seeing.  It  is  not. 
easy  to  assign  the  reason  why  the  reversed  side- 
of  these  versatile  seats  should  have  been  recog- 
nized as  the  appropriate  place  for  letting  the 
grotesque  spirit  of  caricature  and  satire  run 
riot.  Perhaps,  as  these  upturned  seats  were  a 
concession  to  the  weakness  of  the  flesh,  when  the 
aged  monk  sought  relief  or  indulgence  (misericord) 
for  his  wearied  back  in  the  protracted  services 
of  the  choir,  the  more  ascetic  regarded  them  as 
surrendered  to  laziness,  self-indulgence,  and  eviL 
spirits  generally.  Nowhere  else,  at  all  events,  do 
the  monstrous  and  grotesque  revel  so  freely  as 
here.  It  may  be  that  the  coarse  mockery  of  the 
monk  and  friar  was  sometimes  due  to  the  jealousy 
and  dislike  felt  for  them  by  the  parish  priest,  but 
the  regular  clergy  themselves  come  in  for  their 
share  of  good-natured  raillery. 

Mr.  Bond  with  the  help  of  his  friends  has 
brought  together  a  complete  collection  of  these 
curious  carvings,  some  250  in  number,  accurately 
reproduced  from  photographs  by  the  half-tone 
process.  A  few  have  real  merit  as  artistic  sugges- 
tions of  plants  and  flowers,  but  the  greater  number 


360 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  OCT.  29, 1910. 


are  of  interest  as  portraying  the  customs  and 
ways  of  thinking  of  our  mediaeval  ancestors,  and 
especially  their  superstitious  ideas  with  regard  to 
birds  and  beasts.  To  understand  the  "  moraliz- 
ing ' '  of  the  latter  some  acquaintance  is  needed  with 
those  curious  treatises  the  Bestiaries,  and  more 
particularly  the  '  Physiologus.'  Mr.  Bond  in  the 
interesting  mythological  chapter  in  which  he 
discusses  these  illustrative  works  might  have 
added  Topsell's  '  Historic  of  Four-footed  Beasts,' 
1607,  which,  though  late,  has  many  analogues 
to  the  monsters  of  the  misericords.  The  manti- 
cora,  e.g.,  from  Limerick  (p.  64)  is  but  a  tame 
creature  compared  with  Topsell's  fearsome  speci- 
men. 

Tertullian's  well-known  dictum  is  misquoted 
(p.  69)  as  "  Credo  quia  absurdwn."  Although  that 
word  may  suit  better  with  the  unnatural  history 
of  the  ancients — for  which  purpose  it  is  cited — 
Tertullian's  word  was  impossibile.  "  Zenophon" 
(p.  32)  is  an  ugly  slip.  The  "  woodhouse,"  or 
wild  man  of  the  woods,  referred  to  on  p.  16, 
might  be  further  illustrated  from  a  note  in  the 
*  Promptorium  Parvulorum  '  on  the  Old  English 
wodewese. 

Works  of  Thomas  Nashe.  Edited  from  the  Original 
Texts  by  Ronald  B.  McKerrow.— Vol.  V.  Intro- 
duction and  Index.  (Sidgwick  &  Jackson.) 

MB.  McKEBBqw  apologizes  to  his  subscribers  for 
the  length  of  time  they  have  had  to  wait  for  the 
completion  of  his  edition.  But  his  subject  is  one 
full  of  complications,  and  no  one  who  investigates 
the  volume  before  us  will  complain  of  a  delay 
which  has  led  to  remarkable  completeness.  The 
volume  is  a  model  of  scholarly  work,  and  raises 
the  claim  of  the  edition  to  be  a  standard  one 
beyond  doubt.  Mr.  McKerrow  modestly  rejects 
any  idea  of  the  finality  of  his  work,  but  we  do  not 
think  it  will  be  improved  in  any  essential  respects 
for  years  to  come. 

Nashe  is  specially  interesting  as  a  centre  of  con- 
troversy and  discord  in  his  age,  and  the  Intro- 
duction is  enlightening  on  this  aspect  of  his  life, 
while  it  affords  a  good  conspectus  of  early  allusions 
to  Nashe,  modern  reprints  and  editions,  and 
Nashe's  reading.  Seven  Appendixes  further  add 
to  the  erudition  of  the  book  ;  and  the  main  Index, 
extending  from  p.  211  to  p.  369,  is  a  model  of 
thoroughness,  and  will  be  a  boon  to  many  a 
student  of  the  Elizabethan  drama.  Even  after 
this  the  indefatigable  editor  adds  '  Errata  and 
Addenda '  referring  both  to  text  and  notes. 

The  Quarterly  Review  for  October  is  well  equipped 
both  on  the  side  of  politics  and  that  of  art  and 
literature.  Sir  Martin  Conway  has  an  interesting 
article  on  '  Four  Great  Collections,'  the  elaborate 
catalogues  of  which  have  added  to  our  knowledge 
of  the  wealth  of  the  country  in  pictures.  'The 
Censorship  of  Plays '  is  discussed  in  a  careful  article 
which  shows  alike  the  history  of  that  institution, 
and  the  unsatisfactory  state  of  its  present  activities. 
Reform  is  urgently  needed,  and  not  much  furthered 
by  the  report  of  a  Joint  Select  Committee,  for  such 
reports  have  a  way  of  leading  to  no  practical  results. 
Dr.  S.  Lane-Poole  has  a  judicious  article  on  that 
vivid  and  curious  writer,  'The  Authorof  "Vathek."' 
His  learning  is  fortunately  tempered  by  an  attractive 
style.  'Copyright  Law  Refornr  is  another  important 
article  which  is  well  worth  perusal,  and  we  could 
wish  that  those  who  are  authors  or  interested  in  the 


production  of  books  paid  more  attention  to  a  matter 
intimately  concerning  them.  '  Conservatism  '  is 
declared  to  be  the  only  means  by  which  "  national 
unity  and  content  can  be  achieved  ;  for  Radicalism 
lives  on  discontent,  which  must  be  artificially  created 
if  it  does  not  naturally  exist."  We  had  thought 
that  views  of  this  kind  were  out  of  date  and  repute; 
but  if  they  produce  more  energy  on  the  Unionist 
side  in  politics  they  will  do  some  good.  Mr.  Harold 
Cox  in  '  The  Position  of  Trade  Unions '  discusses 
the  Osborne  case  and  several  reports  of  labour 
disputes.  Mr.  Cox  is  an  independent  thinker 
whose  conclusions  and  ideas  are  generally  worth 
study. 

RICHARD  ROBBINS.— We  regret  to  notice  the 
death,  on  Tuesday  in  last  week,  of  Mr.  Richard 
Robbins,  a  veteran  Cornishman  and  contributor  to 
our  columns.  His  first  note  was  at  7  S.  xii.  206  on 
'  West-Country  Phrases  ' ;  and  his  last,  at  p.  125  of 
the  present  volume,  on  '  George  II.  to  George  V.,' 
appeared  a  few  days  after  he  had  passed  his  ninety- 
third  birthday.  Mr.  Richard  Peter,  to  whom  he 
referred  therein,  died  two  days  after  the  publica- 
tion of  the  note,  and  the  shock  of  an  old  friend's 
death  hastened  Mr.  Robbins's  end. 

At  10  S.  iv.  322  appeared  a  specially  interesting 
contribution  from  him  concerning  'Nelson  Recol- 
lections.' On  p.  140  of  the  same  volume  we  recorded 
the  notable  fact  that  both  Mr.  Robbins's  son  and 
grandson  are  contributors  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  It  is  a 
pleasant  form  of  heredity,  and  one  that  may  well 
be  emphasized  in  these  days. 


in  <K0msp0ntonts. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  dp  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

EDITOBIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries  '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery- 
Lane,  E.C. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

H.  and  J.  WILLCOCK.—  Forwarded. 

L.  H.  C.  —  Names  arid  dates  only.  See  ante, 
pp.  343-4. 

T,  RATCLIFFE  ("The  Chrononhotonthologists  ").— 
This  name,  adopted,  you  say,  by  a  party  of  enter- 
tainers in  1841,  was  doubtless  derived  from  the  title 
of  Henry  Carey's  burlesque  'Chrononhotonthologos, 
first  performed  in  1734.  The  character  who  gives 
his  name  to  the  piece  is  King  of  Queerummania. 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  5, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


361 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBERS,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-No.  45. 

NOTES :— Stained  and  Painted  Glass  in  Essex  Churches, 
361— Puttenham's  '  Arte  of  English  Poesie'  and  Gascoigne, 
363— Horses'  Names  in  North-West  Lincolnshire,  364— 
Shakespeare's  Bible— Florence  Nightingale's  Residences 
— T.  Blundell— Guildhall  Crypt,  365-"  Philistine  "—Lady 
Elizabeth  Luttrell— Performing  Elephants  in  England— 
Capt.  Lawrence,  Artist,  366. 

QUERIES  :— St.  Armand— Gale  Family— Rev.  Sebastian 
Pitfield's  Ghost — Wearing  One  Spur — Lincoln's  Inn  Vines 
and  Fig  Trees,  367— Hall's  '  Chronicle '—Sydney  Smith 
and  the  "Boreal  Bourdaloue" — "George  the  First  was 
reckoned  vile"— Death  of  Frederic,  Prince  of  Wales- 
Preservation  of  Naval  Records— St.  Mark's,  North  Audley 
Street— John  Day's  Will— Dean  Aldrich -Richard  Bar- 
well,  368— Hermit's  Cave— Charles  King,  M.P.— Billinge 
Family— Goring  House— Miers,  Silhouette  Artist— Cowper 
and  the  Cowpers  of  Fornham  All  Saints— H.  Marsden— 
Knights  of  the  Swan,  &c.— Wainewright,  Artist,  369. 

REPLIES  :  -Wellington  and  Blticher :  C.  S.  Benecke,  370 
— "Turcopolerius":  Sir  John  Shelley— Oath  of  Hippo- 
crates—Mrs. Elliott's  'During  the  Reign  of  Terror' — 
Watermarks  in  Paper— Charles  II.  Statue  in  the  Royal 
Exchange,  371— 'The  Buccaneer '—Bishop  Wetenhall— 
South  African  Slang'— Lesnes  Abbey— German  Spelling, 
372— Rev.  Rowland  Hill's  Letters— Allusions  in  American 
Authors  —  Authors  of  Quotations  — ' '  Yellow-Backs  "  — 
Lovell  Family,  373— Canons— Lord  Howard  of  Effingham's 
First  Wife — Slavery  in  Scotland — "Smouch" — Lum  Sur- 
name, 375— Matthew  Arnold  on  Eloquence— Grey  Family 
— "Blanket"  as  a  Verb — "Chemineau" — Vavasour,  376 — 
Carracci's  Picture  of  St.  Gregory— Hillman  Family— 
"Registry  Office" — Herb- woman  to  the  King,  377— Loyal 
Addresses— Moke  Family—"  Fry  "— Why teheer— Otford, 
Kent:  Perhirr  and  Bellot— English  Wine  and  Spirit 
Glasses,  378. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— Mr.  Austin  Dobson's  '  Old  Kensing- 
ton Palace,  and  other  Papers  '—Reviews  and  Magazines. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


STAINED    AND    PAINTED    GLASS    IN 
ESSEX  CHURCHES. 

THE  glass  comprised  in  this  list  is  the  subject 
of  a  large  number  of  water-colour  drawings, 
the  size  of  the  originals,  and,  as  far  as 
possible,  facsimile,  which  I  began  in  August, 
1909,  which  I  am  still  engaged  upon,  and 
which  will,  no  doubt,  take  some  years  to 
finish.  My  object  is  to  register  and  copy 
every  scrap,  however  fragmentary,  of  ancient 
painted  glass  in  the  churches  of  the  county, 
and  I  do  not  think  that  so  far  any  old  piece 
has  escaped  my  notice. 

I  endeavour  to  include  in  the  collection 
ancient  glass  which  may  happen  to  have 
found  its  way  into  modern  churches,  as  at 
Noak  Hill,  near  Romford.  There  are  not, 
I  think,  many  instances  of  this  in  Essex, 
but,  as  such  cases  are  not  easy  to  hear  of 
when  they  occur  out  of  one's  own  neigh- 
bourhood, I  shall  be  grateful  for  information 
about  any  painted  glass  older  than  1700  in 


modern  churches  in  the  county.  This 
remark  may  be  taken  to  apply,  also,  to  old 
glass  in  private  houses. 

The  Roman  numerals  in  this  list  refer  to 
the  number  attached  to  the  drawings  in  my 
collection. 

HUNDRED  OF  BECONTRE. 

Barking  (St.  Margaret). — None. 

Dagenham  (SS.  Peter  and  Paul). — None. 

East  Ham  (St.  Mary  Magdalen). — I. 
Shield,  in  small  clerestory  window  in  N.  wall, 
with  17th-century  scrollwork  above  it.  This 
piece  has  been  reversed  in  leading-up,  so 
that  the  second  quarter  shows,  inside  the 
church,  as  the  first.  It  reads,  viewed  the 
right  way,  Quarterly,  1st,  Sa.,  a  bend 
between  6  billets  arg.  (Allington)  ;  2nd,  Gu., 

2  covered  cups  arg.  (Butler)  ;    3rd,  lost,  and 
filled  in  with  plain  white  glass  ;    4th,  Paly  of 
3,    counterchanged    per    fess    arg.    and    sa., 

3  griffins'  heads  erased  of  the  2nd. 
West  Ham  (All  Saints'). — None. 
Ilford,  Little  (Our  Lady).— None. 
Leyton  (Our  Lady). — None. 
Walthamstow  (Our  Lady). — None. 
Wanstead  (Our  Lady). — None. 

5  Woodford  (St.  Margaret). — None. 

Ilford,  Great  (Hospital  of  Our  Lady  and 
St.  Thomas  of  Canterbury). — This  ancient 
leper  hospital  has  for  many  years  been  used 
as  a  church,  the  main  building,  or  hall,  being 
treated  as  the  nave,  and  the  old  chapel  at  the 
east  end  serving  as  the  chancel.  The  whole 
building  is  usually  known  as  St.  Mary's 
Hospital  Church  or  the  Hospital  Church. 

In  the  old  chapel,  or  chancel,  are  : — 
In  the  south  window.  Nine  16th-century 
medallions  of  German  or  Flemish  glass, 
mostly  heraldic,  with  circular  borders, 
fillings,  and  outer  borders  of  18th-century 
date.  With  the  exception  of  Nbs.  Ib,  1°, 
and  If,  which  show  the  proper  tinctures  of 
the  arms,  all  these  medallions  are  painted 
in  brown  enamel  heightened  with  yellow 
stain. 

Ia.  In  tracery,  Our  Lady  visiting  St. 
Elizabeth  :  the  second  joyful  mystery  of  the 
rosary,  and,  evidently,  part  of  a  16th-century 
Rosary  window.  This  medallion  is  the 
only  one  of  the  nine  which  retains  its  original 
circular  border,  made  up,  in  this  instance,  of 
conventional  roses  and  leaves.  On  eithe  • 
side  of  this  medallion  is  a  small  rectangular 
quarry  containing  a  shield  within  scroll- 
work. The  dexter  shield  is  dated  1559,  and 
contains  Arg.,  2  chevrons  sa.  ;  the  sinister 
one  is  dated  1569,  and  shows  Purp.  (Gu.  ?), 
3  roses  arg.,  seeded  and  barbed  or. 


362 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  n.  NOV.  5,  mo. 


Ib.  In  a  lozenge,  surrounded  by  a  wreath, 
parted  per  pale,  dexter,  Arg.,  a  lion  ramp, 
gu.,  crowned  or  ;  sinister,  Arg.,  3  crescents 
or. 

Ic.  Sa.,  a  lion  ramp,  gu.,  debruised  of  a 
baton  compone"e,  arg.  and  gu.  Crest,  a 
man's  head  ppr.,  rising  from  a  high  cap  gu., 
semee  of  ermine  spots  arg.,  turned  up  erm. 
On  a  ribbon  under  shield  "  Van  der  Balck 
1550." 

Id.  Figure  subject,  probably  Lot  warned 
by  an  angel  to  leave  his  house. 

Ie.  Barry  of  10  or  and  arg.,  a  lion  ramp. 
arg. ,  langued  or.  Crest,  a  unicorn's  head  arg. , 
rising  from  a  non-embattled  mural  crown. 

If.  In  a  cartouche,  surrounded  by  scroll- 
work and  fruit,  naturally  coloured,  and  with 
a  pastoral  staff  behind  the  shield,  Azure, 
on  a  chevron  quarterly  arg.  and  sa.,  between 
3  gem  rings  or,  each  upon  a  pear  arg., 
2  bunches  of  grapes  purp.  Motto,  "  Magnes 
amo[r]  res  amor."  Dated  1643. 

I*.  Or,  a  double-headed  eagle  displayed 
sa.  with  inescutcheon  on  breast,  the  bearings 
on  which  are  so  faded  as  to  be  indistinguish- 
able. Supporters,  2  crowned  pillars  standing 
on  headlands,  the  waves  of  the  sea  between 
them.  On  a  ribbon,  twined  about  the  pillars, 
the  motto  "  Plus  v[ltra]."  The  shield  is 
encircled  with  the  collar  of  the  Golden  Fleece 
with  pendent  fleece,  and  above  the  shield 
is  the  Imperial  crown.  Clearly  these  are  the 
arms  of  the  Emperor  Charles  V. 

Ih.  Figure  subject.  An  old  man  and  a 
young  one  embracing,  both  in  Roman  armour 
and  cloaks,  the  elder  with  a  jewelled  cap, 
the  younger  in  helmet  with  long  plume. 
The  latter  is  driving  his  sword  into  the  elder 
man's  right  side.  In  the  middle  distance  are 
two  spearmen  about  to  fight  ;  one  man  is 
lying  dead  on  the  ground  beside  them,  and 
a  fourth  is  landing  from  a  boat.  In  the 
distance  are  landscape,  water,  trees,  medi- 
aeval houses,  a  Roman  amphitheatre,  and 
mountains.  In  foreground,  birch  trees, 
rough  ground,  and  undergrowth.  What 
does  this  picture  represent  ?  '  Treachery  '  ? 
Ij.  Arg.,  a  bull's  head  caboshed  sa.  Crest, 
a  bull's  head.  On  a  ribbon  below  the  shield 
is  an  inscription  which  seems  to  read  "  Sans 
plures  '  J  '  loborls  "  (?). 

In  the  north  chancel  window,  English 
heraldic  glass  of  the  17th  century. 

II.  In  tracery.  On  blue  ground,  bordered 
yellow,  a  shield  bearing  quarterly :  1st, 
Az.,  a  cross  fleurie  or  (Ward  ?)  ;  2nd,  Az., 
3  leopards'  faces  or  ;  3rd,  Arg.,  2  chevrons 
between  5  martlets  gu.  ;  4th,  Arg.,  3  bars 
gemelles  azure,  on  a  chief  or  3  castles  triple- 
towered  sa.  Crest,  on  an  esquire's  helmet, 


mantled  gu.,  doubled  arg.,  tasselled  gu.,  a 
boar's  head  erased  or,  on  a  wreath  or  and 
azure.  Below  the  shield  is  the  date  1631,. 
and  the  whole  is  surrounded  with  scroll- 
work and  fruit  and  flowers  in  colours.  In 
the  small  side  lights  are  shields  in  scrollwork. 
Dexter  side — parted  per  pale  ;  dexter,  as 
in  1st  quarter  of  central  shield  ;  sinister,, 
Arg.,  a  lion  ramp.  gu.  between  6  fleurs-de-lis 
azure.  Sinister  side  —  parted  per  pale  ; 
dexter,  as  in  last  described  shield  ;  sinister,. 
Parted  per  pale,  vert  and  sa.,  a  lion  ramp, 
between  3  escallops  arg. 

III.  In    a    cartouche,    surrounded    with 
border  and  fruit,  Arg.,  a  chevron  ermines 
between    3    mullets    pierced    sa.     In    chief, 
quarterly  :    1st  and  4th,  Gu.,  a  lion  of  Eng- 
land ;  2nd  and  3rd,  Or,  2  roses  gu.,  seeded  or. 

IV.  A  shield,   surrounded  by  scroll  work  r 
containing  parted  per  pale  ;    dexter,  Arg.,  a 
chevron  erm.  between  3  mullets  pierced  sa.,. 
on  the  chevron  a  martlet  or  for  cadency  ;  on 
a  chief  or  a  quatrefoil  between  2  wolves' 
heads  erased  sa.,  double-collared  arg.,  and 
below  the  collars  3  bezants. 

V.  An  oval,  set  in  border  and  scrollwork,, 
thereon   a   merchant's    mark — a    cross    and 
heart  with  initials  IGO. 

VI.  Quarterly  of  8  :    1st,  Gu.,  a  bend  arg. 
between  3  leopards'  faces  jessant  de  lis  or  ; 
2nd,    Gu.,    a   chevron   between    10   crosses, 
4,  2,   1,  2,  and  1,  arg.  ;    3rd,  Arg.,  a  chief 
gu.,    thereon    3    bezants    (Camoys)  ;      4th,. 
England,    a   label   of    2   points   arg.  ;     5th, 
Arg.,  a  pelican   (?)  sa.  ;   6th,  Lozengy  or  and 
az.,  a  chevron  gu.  ;    7th,  Gu.,  a  lion  ramp, 
arg.  (Mowbray)  ;    8th,  Chequee  or  and  azure 
(De  Warrenne).     The  shield  is  surrounded  by 
a  purple  chaplet  with  four  large  clasps  of 
scrollwork,  on  each  of  which  is  a  head  celesti- 
ally  crowned,   female   at   top   and  bottom, 
and  male  on  either  side.     Round  the  whole 
are  border  and  scrollwork. 

VII.  Two  grasshoppers  facing  each  other,, 
painted   in   brown   enamel   and   yellow,    on 
adjoining  quarries,   the  dexter  holding  the 
letter  I  in  his  mouth,  and  the  sinister  an  M. 

VIII.  Renaissance     border  —  vases,   gro- 
tesques, and  fruit — and  crowns  in  the  heads 
of  the  two  principal  lights. 

HUNDRED  OF  WALTHAM. 
Waltham  (Holy  Cross  and  St.  Lawrence). 
— None. 

Chingford  (SS.  Peter  and  Paul).— None. 
Nasing  (All  Saints). — None. 
Epping  (All  Saints). — None. 

F.  SYDNEY  EDEN. 
Maycroft,  Fyfield  Road,  Walthamstow. 

(To  be  continued.') 


ii  B.  ii.  NOV.  5,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


363 


TOTTENHAM'S  '  ARTE  OF  ENGLISH 
POESIE'   AND    GEORGE  GASCOIGNE. 

HAVING    shown    the    relation    that    exists 
between   the    poems   of    George 


For  now  there  remaineth  for  the  Reader  somewhat 
to  studie  and  gesse  upon,  and  yet  the  spring  time 
to  the  learned  judgement  sufficiently  expressed." 
It  will  be  noted  that  Puttenham  corrects 
the  very  obvious  error  "  Dame  "  Phoebus, 


—    f.  ^      T urberv lie  i  which  occurs  in  all  old  editions  of  Gascoigne  : 

and  Puttenham's     Arte  of  English  Jroesie     I  < -m — i. — i>~     T> — .~, >     _i__     j_    °^ 


(see  ante,  pp.  1,  103,  182,  264),  I  turn  now 
to    quotations   in   the   latter  which  1    have 


England's 
Phoebus. 

Then,   again 


Parnassus '     also     reads     Dan 


in  p.    265,   Puttenham  has 


traced  in  that  portion  of  George  Gascoigne  s  i  another  tilt  at  Gascoigne  under  "  Perierqia 
works  which  is  printed  under  the  general  or  Over  labour,  otherwise  called  the  curious  '' 
title  of  '  The  Posies,' the  edition  used  by  me  Some  of  Qur  poets>  he  gtud  tQ 

being  that  printed  by  the  Cambridge  Um-  themselves  fine  in  a  light  matter, 
versity  Press,  whose  references  I  will  quote.  ' 
Puttenham  mentions  Gascoigne  by  name 
three  times,  and  each  time  with  commenda- 
tion. The  references  in  Arber  are  pp.  75,  77, 
and  221.  Gascoigne  had  "  written  excel- 
lently well,"  and  he  is  praised  for  "  a  good 
meeter  and  for  a  plentifull  Tayne."  Unlike 
Turbervile,  he  is  not  first  commended  to  be 
afterwards  whipped  ;  and  any  censure  that 
Puttenham  passes  on  his  verse  is  expressed 
more  in  sorrow  than  in  anger.  ^  ^  ^^  |  Soiemne  circumstance^  to  ^describe  thejxmth  day 


"  as  one  of  our  late  makers  who  in  the  most  of  his 
things  wrote  very  well,  in  this  (to  mine  opinion) 
more  curiously  than  needed,  the  matter  being 
ripely  considered:  -yet  is  his  verse  very  good, 
and  his  meetre  cleanly.  His  intent  was  to  declare 
how  the  tenth  day  of  March  he  crossed  the  river- 
of  Thames,  to  walke  in  Saint  Georges  field,  the- 
matter  was  not  great  as  ye  may  suppose." 

Here  follow  the  six  lines  quoted  at  tha 
beginning  of  this  paper. 

First,  the  whole  matter  is  not  worth  all  this 


There    is    standing    open    in 
Parnassus  '    an  unsigned   quotation   of  two 


of  March,  but  if  he  had  left  at  the  two  first  verses, 
had  bene  inough.     But  when  he  comes  with 


lines,  headed  '  Of  the  Spring,'  Collier,  p.  428.    two  other  verses  to  enlarge  his  description,  it  is 
This  comes  from  Gascoigne,  and  is  the  begin-    not  only  more  than  needes,  but  also  very  ridicu- 

",    _J.  -  5  I   lA-na     -F/-VT*   H/i  TYI  o  Ima   tmcsa     oo  -i-f  \^f\  V*  c*  rl   v\r\4-  V\r*.n*\   r*  -w-invv. 

ning  of  a  passage  in  the     Hearbes    : — 
This  tenth  of  March  when  Aries  receyvd, 
Dame  Phoebus  rayes,  into  his  horned  head  : 
And  I  my  selfe,  by  learned  lore  perceyv'd, 
That  Ver  approcht,  and  frostie  winter  fled  : 
I  crost  the  Thames,  to  take  the  cherefull  ayre, 
In  open  feeldes,  the  weather  was  so  fayre. 

P.  333 


Although  Puttenham  had  a  high  regard 


lous,  for  he  makes  wise,  as  if  he  had  not  bene  a  man 
learned  in  some  of  the  mathematickes  (by  learned 
lore)  that  he  could  not  have  told  that  the  X  of 
March  had  fallen  in  the  spring  of  the  yeare 
which  every  carter,  and  also  every  child  knoweth 
without  any  learning.  Then  also,  when  he  saith 
[Ver  approcht,  and  frosty  winter  fled]  though  it 
were  a  surplusage  (because  one  season  must 
needes  geve  place  to  the  other)  yet  doeth  it  well 
inough  passe  without  blame  in  the  maker.  These, 
v  I  and  a  hundred  more  of  such  faultie  and  impei> 
for  Gascoigne  as  a  poet,  and  holds  him  up  tinent  speeches  may  yee  finde  amongsfc  us  vufgar 

as  a  pattern  for  imitation  several  times,  this  Poets,  when  we  be  carelesse  of  our  doings, 

passage  grated  on  his  nerves,  and  raised  his  There  we  gee  thftt  puttenham,  in  censuring 

ire.     He  deals  with  it  twice,  and  at  some  Gascoigne)   puts  himself  in  the  same  rank 

length    each    time.     First    he    finds    fault  ^.^  him  ag  a         ^  ftnd  anticipates  attacks 

with  it  under  Periphrasis    or  the  figure  of  thftt  mi  ht  possibly  be  made  against  his  own 

ambage,  pp.  203-4,  which  form  of  speech  he  polished  verse,  which,  unfortunately  for  us, 

describes   as   one   of   the   gallantest   figures  h&g  nearly  all  been  lost.     He  did  not  have 

among  the  poets  if  it  be  used  discreetly,  and  ft  George  whetstone  or  a  Boswell  to  drink  in 
in  its  right  kind.  But,  he  adds,  many  of  |  nll  flmt  hA  Rfl-rl  flnd  fn  ^i^hten  nnstftrit.v. 
these  makers,  that  are  not  half  their  craft  s 


master,  abuse  it.     As  he  that  said  : — 

The  tenth  of  March  when  Aries  received, 

Dan  Phcebus  raies  into  his  horned  hed. 

"  Intending  to  describe  the  spring  of  the  yeare, 

which  every  man  knoweth  of  himselfe,  hearing  the 

day  of  March  named  :   the  verses  be  very  good  the 

figure  nought  worth,  if  it  were  meant  in  Periphrase 

for  the  matter,  that  is  the  season  of  the  yeare 

which   should   have   bene   covertly   disclosed   by 

ambage,  was  by  and  by  blabbed  out  by  naming  the 

day  of  the  moneth,   and  so  the  purpose  of  the 

figure     disapointed,    peradventure     it     had    bin 

better  to  have  said  thus  : 

The  month  and  daie  when  Aries  receivd, 
Dan  Phoebus  raies  into  his  horned  head. 


all  that  he  said,  and  to  enlighten  posterity. 
Nevertheless,  he  has  not  failed  to  let  us 
know  that  he  soared  higher  into  the  region  of 
pure  fire  than  such  mere  poetasters  as 
George  Turbervile,  for  we  have  his  own 
word  to  vouch  for  it,  and  are  duly  thankful. 

Puttenham  is  very  careless  in  his  quotation 
of  authors,  and  frequently  we  find  him 
making  variations  for  the  mere  sake  of 
creating,  as  it  were,  figures  of  straw  which 
he  may  easily  destroy,  or  of  attacking  work 
which  did  not  meet  with  his  approval.  In 
the  case  of  Turbervile,  this  system  of  mis- 
quotation seems  to  have  been  the  direct 
result  of  personal  grudge.  On  the  other 


364 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        in  s.  n.  NOT.  «,  1910. 


hand,  it  is  clear  that  Puttenham  some- 
times either  deliberately  altered  quotations 
from  Surrey,  Wyatt,  and  other  poets  whom 
he  esteemed,  or  trusted  to  his  memory  of 
what  they  had  written.  In  any  case,  his 
citation  of  authors  cannot  be  considered  as 
authoritative,  and  we  must  correct  Putten- 
ham by  the  authors  themselves  when  we 
feel  assured  that  the  work  of  the  latter  is  as 
accessible  to  us  as  it  was  to  him. 

A  case  where  Puttenham  altered  an  author 
in  order  to  show  up  a  vice  of  style  which  was 
common  to  writers  of  his  time  and  their 
predecessors,  and  is  still  to  be  met  with  in 
authors  of  our  own  time,  occurs  in  relation 
to  some  verse  of  Gascoigne's  ;  and  we 
know  that  there  has  been  tampering,  because 
we  are  just  as  well  able  to  say  what  Gas- 
coigne wrote  as  his  critic  was. 

Gascoigne  was  very  fond  of  using  the 
phrases  "  darke  anoy,"  "  darke  mistrust," 
"  darke  distresse,"  "  darke  disdaine,"  and 
other  expressions  in  which  "  darke  "  appears 
as  an  epithet.  It  is  probable  that  Putten- 
ham noticed  this  feature  in  his  verse,  and 
that  he  refers  to  Gascoigne  in  his  censure  of 
"  darke  disdaine  "  under  "  Epitheton,  or  the 
Qualifier,  otherwise  the  figure  of  Attribution'4 
(Arber,  p.  193).  Be  that  as  it  may,  it  is 
certain  that  he  aimed  at  Gascoigne  in  his 
"  Tautologia,  or  the  figure  of  selfe  saying  " 
•(Arber,  p.  261)  ;  and  it  is  also  certain  that, 
in  order  to  lash  a  general  vice,  he  did  par- 
ticular wrong  to  Gascoigne  by  misquoting 
lines  of  his  in  which  "  darke  disdaine  " 
occurs. 

The  artful  aid  afforded  by  alliteration  is 
approved  by  Puttenham,  provided  it  pass 
not  one  or  two  words  in  one  verse,  and  he 
confesses  "  it  doth  not  ill  but  pretily  becomes 
the  meetre,"  as  in 

The  smoakie  sighes  :    the  trickling  teares. 

Now,  that  line  comes  from  '  Tottel's 
Miscellany  '  (Arber,  p.  175),  and  "  trickling 
teares  "  should  read  "  bitter  teares."  Putten- 
ham has  altered  Tottel  here  for  his  own 
purposes,  but  elsewhere  (Arber,  p.  85)  he 
cites  Tottel  correctly.  The  Tottel  poems 
are  gospel  to  Puttenham,  he  never  can  see 
faults  in  them  ;  but  outsiders  like  Turbervile 
and  Gascoigne  may  not  be  used  so  tenderly, 
they  are  fair  game  for  the  critic.  The  follow- 
ing, by  "  An  English  rimer,"  is  nothing 
commendable  because  the  alliteration  is 
carried  on  through  two  verses  instead  of 
one  : — 

The  deadly  droppes  of  darke  disdaine, 
Do  daily  drench  my  due  desartes. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  *  Miscellany,*  was 
altered  to  add  grace  to  its  verse,  but 


Gascoigne  was  tampered  with  to  throw 
discredit  on  what  he  wrote.  Gascoigne,  in 
all  editions  of  the  '  Weedes,'  writes  : — 

The  deadly  dropes  of  darke  disdayne, 
Which  dayly  fall  on  my  deserte. 

P.  458. 

CHARLES  CRAWFORD. 
(To  be  concluded.) 


HORSES'     NAMES     IN     NORTH-WEST 
LINCOLNSHIRE. 

IN  the  year  1889  I  published  a  second  and 
enlarged  edition  of  '  A  Glossary  of  Words 
used  in  the  Wapentakes  of  Manley  and 
Corringham.'  It  contains  a  list  of  the 
names  of  draught  horses  which  occur  in  the 
district,  and  I  believe  the  list  to  be  very 
nearly  complete.  It  may  be  well,  I  think, 
to  reproduce  it  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  as  it  will  supple- 
ment the  lists  of  horses'  names  printed  by 
W.  C.  B.,  ante,  pp.  124,  283,  and  will  also 
reach  many  persons  who  did  not  see  it  when 
it  first  appeared.  All  the  names  I  have 
given  were  current  in  the  last  century,  and 
some  I  believe  to  be  far  older. 


Badger. 

Ball. 

Barley. 

Beauty. 

Berry. 

Bess. 

Bessy. 

Bill. 

Billy. 

Blackbird. 

Blossom. 

Blucher. 

Bob. 

Bonny. 

Bounce. 

Bower. 

Bowler. 

Boxer. 

Brandy. 

Bright. 

Brisk. 

Briton. 

Brown. 

Bute. 

Captain. 

Careless. 

Chance. 

Charley. 

Chestnut. 

Daisy. 

Damsel. 

Dapple. 

Darby. 

Darling. 

Deppen. 

Diamond. 

Dick. 

Dobbin. 

Kirton-in- 


Doctor. 

Dragon. 

Drummer. 

Duke. 

Farmer. 

Filly. 

Flower. 

Gilbert. 

Jack. 

Jelly. 

Jenny. 

Jet. 

Jewel. 

Jockey. 

Joe. 

Jolly. 

Kitt. 

Kitty. 

Lady. 

Lightfoot. 

Lion. 

Lively. 

Lofty. 

Merry. 

Merryman. 

Mettle. 

Mike. 

Miller. 

Milner. 

Mole. 

Nettle. 

Nob. 

Nonsuch. 

Pedlar. 

Peg. 

Pilot. 

Pincher. 

Pink. 

EDWARD 
Lindsey. 


Polly. 

Pride. 

Prince. 

Punch. 

Rambler. 

Range. 

Ranger. 

Rattler. 

Roger. 

Samson. 

Shanks. 

Sharper. 

Short. 

Shot.' 

Smiler. 

Smut. 

Snip. 

Spanker. 

Spring. 

Star. 

Taffy. 

Tartan. 

Tet. 

Tiger. 

Tinker. 

Tippler. 

Tommy. 

Tramp. 

Traveller. 

Trip. 

Trooper. 

Turpin. 

Vanity. 

Violet. 

Wasp. 

Whitefoot. 

Whitethorn. 

PEACOCK. 


ii  s.  11.  NOV.  s,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


365 


SHAKESPEARE'S  BIBLE. — I  have  not  met 
any  mention  of  this  book  before,  so  perhaps 
some  others  are  in  the  same  state  of  ignorance 
that  such  a  treasure  exists.  In  a  table  case 
in  the  upper  gallery  of  the  excellent  Shake- 
speare Memorial  Exhibition  in  the  White- 
chapel  Art  Gallery  is  a  book,  open  at  the 
title-page,  labelled  as  Shakespeare's  Bible. 
On  the  left-hand  blank  leaf,  opposite  the 
title-page,  is  a  note,  in  writing  seemingly 
about  a  century  old,  which  I  read  as 
follows  : — 

"Memorandum.  This  work  of  Holy  Writ  was 
once  the  Property  of  William  Shakespeare,  and  has 
been  handed  down  from  Father  to  Son  by  Profes- 
sional Men.  David  Garrick  presented  it  to  his 
Friend  Packer,  from  whose  Relation  it  came  into 
the  possession  of  Edward  Knight  of  the  Theatre 
Royal." 

The  volume  is  square,  some  8  in.  in  size,  in 
good  condition,  and  was  issued  by  Chris- 
topher Barker,  London,  1580,  when  the  poet 
was  16.  It  begins  with  the  New  Testament, 
and  is  apparently  without  the  Old  Testa- 
ment. 

The  interest  of  the  volume  is  increased 
by  coming  from  Garrick,  through  theatrical 
owners.  Shakespeare's  plays  give  abundant 
evidence  of  his  knowledge  of  the  Bible, 
and  so  to  see  the  very  copy  whence  he  drew 
these  quotations  is  of  extreme  interest. 

In  the  same  case  is  a  book  labelled  as 
Mrs.  Siddons's  Bible,  "  the  property  of 
Ellen  Terry."  It  begins  with  the  Psalms. 

In  a  case  in  the  Shakespeare  Room  I 
noticed  what  is  marked  as  a  contemporary 
miniature  of  Shakespeare,  labelled  :  "Antique 
Miniature  in  Oil  of  William  Shakespeare. 
The  oldest  known  Miniature."  It  is  very 
dark,  and  looks  very  old.  L.  M.  R. 

FLORENCE  NIGHTINGALE'S  RESIDENCES.— 
As  a  recognition  of  the  services  rendered  to 
suffering  humanity  by  this  most  estimable 
woman,  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  some  appro- 
priate memento  may  be  affixed  to  her  late 
residence  No.  10,  South  Street,  Park  Lane— 
for  choice,  a  simple  mural  tablet.  But,  if 
some  more  elaborate  record  be  decided  upon, 
care  should  be  taken  that  such  should  be 
neither  too  ornate  nor  too  cumbersome. 

This  "  ministering  angel  "  lived,  I  believe, 
in  former  years  upon  Haverstock  Hill. 
A  like  token  might  well  be  placed  there  also. 

CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

THOMAS  BLUNDELL. — Macaulay's  friend 
and  fellow-pupil  at  Mr.  Preston's  at  Shelf ord, 
was  Thomas  Blundell.  He  was  a  son  of 
Blundell  ;  matriculated,  from  Trinity, 


1813  ;  B.A.  1818.  Scholar  of  the  College, 
and  a  youth  of  much  promise.  He  died  in 
College,  shortly  after  graduating.  (See 
'  Life  of  Henry  Venn,'  by  W.  Knight,  1881.) 

J.  VENN. 
CaiusColl.,Camb. 

THE  GUILDHALL  CRYPT. — Mr.  Sydney 
Perks,  F.S.A.,  in  an  exhaustive  paper  which 
he  read  before  the  Society  of  Arts  on  June  1st, 
1910,  gave  a  full  account  of  his  recent  dis- 
coveries. In  his  introduction  he  dealt  with 
the  history  of  the  Guildhall,  and  said  that 
he  considered  Price  was  wrong  in  stating 
in  his  book  '  A  Descriptive  Account  of  the- 
Guildhall  of  the  City  of  London,'  published! 
in  1886,  that  "  the  entire  main  hall  was  not 
built  at  one  time."  Mr  Perks's  conviction 
that  Price  is  wrong  has  grown  gradually, 
and  he  thinks  that  Price  "  jumped  at  con- 
clusions without  proper  investigation,  and 
he  was  certainly  handicapped  by  not  having 
the  training  of  an  architect."  Mr.  Perks 
believes  that  "  the  Guildhall  was  built  at 
one  date,  and  that  no  portions  of  former 
buildings  were  incorporated  with  the  struc- 
ture." He  has  come  to  this  conclusion  from 
the  study  of  various  authorities,  including 
Stow,  down  to  the  '  Calendar  of  Letter- 
Books,'  edited  by  our  well-known  friend 
Dr.  Sharpe.  Mr.  Perks  has  made  plans  of 
the  crypt  and  Guildhall,  showing  them,  as- 
far  as  he  can  judge,  as  they  were  when 
first  built  in  the  early  part  of  the  fifteenth 
century.  Mr.  Perks  says  :  "  With  regard 
to  the  crypt,  the  eastern  half,  by  far  the  most 
elaborate  portion,  is  very  little  different 
to-day  from  what  it  was  nearly  500  years 
ago."  Until  its  recent  restoration  "  the 
walls  and  vaulting  were  covered  with  dirt 
and  grease,  the  shafts  supporting  the  vaulting 
were  quite  black,  and  it  was  only  after  the 
removal  of  the  grease  and  dirt  that  the  colour 
of  the  blue  Purbeck  stone  shafts  could  be 
seen." 

A  new  staircase  gives  easy  access  to  the 
crypt,  which  is  now  lighted  by  electricity. 
Mr.  Perks  favours  a  return  to  the  arrange- 
ment of  hanging  tapestry  round  the  east  end 
of  the  Great  Hall,  and  last  autumn  he  had  a 
small  portion  of  the  panelling  removed  and 
some  hangings  submitted  to  members  of  the 
City  Lands  Committee,  and  the  result  was 
favourably  received. 

Readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  cannot  do  better  than 
obtain  the  full  report  of  Mr.  Perks's  paper 
which  appeared  in  the  Journal  of  the  Society 
of  Arts  on  the  3rd  of  June.  The  illustra- 
tions in  it  are  reproduced  by  the  courtesy 
of  the  proprietors  of  The  Graphic* 


366 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [11  s.  n.  NOV.  5, 1910. 


It  was  in  the  crypt  that  the  supper  was 
served  on  the  occasion  of  the  ball  given  at 
the  Guildhall  to  the  Queen  and  Prince 
Albert  on  the  9th  of  July,  1851,  to  celebrate 
the  success  of  the  Great  Exhibition,  which 
Bunsen,  writing  to  Max  Miiller,  described 
&s  "  the  most  poetical  event  of  our  time,  and 
one  deserving  a  place  in  the  world's  history  " 
(Bunsen's  '  Life,'  ii.  269). 

JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 

"  PHILISTINE." — One  of  the  senses  we 
Germans  give  the  word  "  Philistine  "  is  that 
of  "  a  person  deficient  in  liberal  culture  and 
-enlightenment,  whose  interests  are  chiefly 
bounded  by  material  and  commonplace 
things,"  as  the  '  N.E.D.'  puts  it ;  and 
English  has  taken  over  this  use  from  German. 
No  satisfactory  explanation  of  its  origin  has 
as  yet  been  offered  ;  for  the  two  attempted, 
which  are  very  poor,  I  refer  to  Buchmann, 
*  Gefliigelte  Worte.' 

In  reading  a  German  translation  of  the 
correspondence  of  Abelard  and  Heloi'se,  by 
Dr.  Baumgartner  (Leipzig,  Reclam),  in  the 
Eighth  Letter  I  came  across  the  following 
passage  : — 

"  This  bad  state  of  things  in  the  monasteries 
is  chiefly  due  to  two  causes  :  to  the  jealousy  of  the 
laymen  and  lay  brothers — nay,  of  the  superiors 
themselves  ;  then  to  the  idle  talk  and  laziness 
which  are  rife  there  at  present.  Those  men  only 
wish  to  have  material  intercourse  with  us,  not 
spiritual,  and  resemble  the  Philistines,  who 
pursued  Isaac  when  he  was  going  to  dig  a  well, 
and  kept  from  him  the  water  by  throwing  in  earth. 
Gregory  in  his  '  Moralia,'  chap,  xvi.,  expounds 
it  thus  :  '  Often,  when  engaged  in  the  study  of 
Holy  Scripture,  we  have  to  suffer  severely  from 
the  attacks  of  evil  spirits  ;  they  throw  the  dust  of 
earthly  thoughts  into  our  minds,  in  order  to 
blind  them  to  the  light  of  introspection.'  The 
Psalmist  had  experienced  this  only  too  much 
when  he  said  :  '  Avaunt,  ye  miscreants  !  I  will 
know  the  commandments  of  my  God.'  By  this 
he  clearly  hints  that  he  could  not  learn  them 
because  his  mind  had  to  fight  against  the  on- 
slaughts of  the  demons.  They  are  what  the 
wicked  Philistines  were  at  Isaac's  well,  when  they 
filled  it  with  earth.  For  such  wells  we  dig  indeed 
when  we  penetrate  into  the  hidden  depths  of  Holy 
Writ.  We  may  compare  unclean  spirits  who 
suggest  to  us  earthly  thoughts  while  we  aspire 
to  heaven  and  cut  off  from  us,  so  to  say,  the  water 
of  the  knowledge  of  God  that  we  have  found,  to  the 
Philistines  filling  up  the  well." 

Can  one  wish  for  a  better  connexion 
between  the  name  of  the  sturdy  tribe  in  the 
south  of  Palestine  and  its  modern  figurative 
application  ?  For  me  it  is  the  missing 
link.  After  famous  schoolmen  such  as 
Gregory  and  Abelard  had  used  it  so,  it  is 
only  natural  that  their  comparison  should 


be  handed  down  by  students  ;  and  there 
is  no  doubt  that  from  students'  parlance  it 
spread  into  the  general  German  speech, 
and  from  there  into  the  languages  of  most 
civilized  nations.  G.  KRTJEGER. 

Berlin. 

LADY  ELIZABETH  LUTTRELL. — A  corre- 
spondent of  mine,  Mr.  Browne,  wrote  to  me 
some  time  ago  for  particulars  about  this 
celebrated  lady,  but  I  was  then  unable  to  give 
him  any  account  of  her  death  ;  and  as,  un- 
fortunately, I  have  lost  his  address,  I  now  am 
obliged  to  communicate  with  him  through 
these  columns. 

Lady  Elizabeth  died  in  Germany  in 
November,  1799,  and  her  obituary  notice 
appears  in  Gent.  Mag.,  Ixix.  pt.  ii.  998. 
Her  death  is  also  mentioned  in  Wraxall's 
'  Memoirs,'  iv.  322  (Bickers,  1884) ;  and 
there  is  a  description  of  her  latter  days  in 
'  The  Life  of  Wilkes '  (ii.  46-7),  by  the 
industrious  Mr.  Percy  Fitzgerald,  who 
quotes  from  the  memoirs  of  Sir  R.  Heron. 
HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

PERFORMING  ELEPHANTS  IN  ENGLAND,  • 
(See  10  S.  xii.  197.) — I  should  like  to  supple- 
ment my  reply  at  this  reference  by  a  further 
advertisement  from  The  Flying  Post,  but  of 
nineteen  years  later,  showing  how  the  per- 
forming elephant  was  appreciated  in  this 
country  in  the  early  eighteenth  century.  It 
was  announced  in  that  journal  of  12-14  July, 
1720  :— 

"  An  Elephant  that  was  first  taken  near 
Bencouli  hi  the  Bast  Indies,  and  from  thence  sent 
to  Fort  St.  George,  and  now  brought  to  England 
in  the  Ship  Marlborough  ;  a  Beast  of  Prodigy, 
streight  and  but  27  Months  Old,  and  the  most 
docible  Beast  that  was  ever  yet  known,  she  will 
fetch  and  carry  with  her  Trunk  like  a  Dog,  make 
her  Compliment  to  Company  at  their  Entrance, 
bends  her  Knees  to  the  Ground  to  drink  his 
Majesty's  Health,  &c.,  with  a  great  many  wonder- 
ful Actions  perform'd  at  the  Word  of  Command. 

"To  be  seen  from  8  in  the  Morning  till  8  at 
Night." 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

CAPT.  G.  B.  LAWRENCE,  ARTIST. — The 
recent  sale  of  the  Montague  Guest  Collec- 
tion revealed — for  the  first  time  to  many— 
the  existence  of  an  artist  unknown  to  the 
compilers  of  books  of  reference  so  far  as  art 
is  concerned.  Capt.  George  Bell  Lawrence, 
R.N.,  appears  to  have  made  excellent 
sketches  of  various  parts  of  the  world  to 
which  his  duty  called  him — France,  Spain, 
Portugal,  Madeira,  and  other  places  abroad, 
and  at  the  Scilly  Isles  off  Cornwall, 
appears  to  have  served  under  Hood  in  the 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  5, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


367 


various  expeditions  against  Napoleon,  par- 
ticularly the  attack  on  Madeira  in  1807. 
At  the  sale  two  series  of  water-colour  draw- 
ings (one  consisting  of  50,  and  the  other  of  6) 
passed  into  the  possession  of  Mr.  Tregaskis, 
who  describes  them  in  his  September  cata- 
logue. W.  ROBERTS. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
bo  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


ST.  ABM  AND. — The  fourth  highest  peak  in 
the  Adirondack  Mountains  is  called  St. 
Armand,  and  lies  in  a  township  of  the  same 
name.  I  have  heard  that  its  name  came 
across  the  border  from  some  town  in  Canada. 
This  seems  likely,  as  Montreal  is  sometimes 
visible  from  the  mountain  top — in  other 
words,  it  is  quite  close  to  Canada.  The  name 
sounds  French,  but  I  have  not  been  able  to 
find  a  St.  Armand  in  France.  Who  or  what 
was  St.  Armand  ?  Any  information  about 
the  man  (if  there  was  one),  or  the  place,  will 
be  of  great  interest  to 

ALFRED  ERNEST  HAMILL. 

Ballyatwood,  Lake  Forest,  Illinois. 

GALE  FAMILY. — Will  any  of  your  readers 
kindly  indicate  sources  of  information  regard- 
ing the  ancestors  of  the  "  incomparable  " 
Roger  Gale  ?  Are  there  present-day  repre- 
sentatives of  this  family  ?  J.  C.  H. 

New  York. 

REV.  SEBASTIAN  PITFIELD'S  GHOST. — 
Many  years  ago  I  copied  out  a  reference  to 
the  above  subject,  which  seems  to  have 
been  taken  from  Cumberland's  Observer  and 
British  Magazine,  No.  71,  for  1  October, 
1833. 

May  I,  as  one  connected  with  the  present 
family  of  the  Pitfields  of  Dorset,  ask  for  some 
particulars  of  the  above  reverend  gentleman 
and  what  was  this  story  of  his  ghost,  as  I  have 
no  means  here  of  referring  to  the  above 
periodical  ?  My  note  says  that  he  was 
Rector  of  Warblington  temp.  1677.  Where 
is  Warblington  ?  Can  it  be  a  misprint  for 
Athlington,  or  Allington  (near  Bridport,  in 
Dorset),  which  was  the  old  home  of  the 
Pitfields  ? 

I  have  a  reference  to  a  "  Bastian  Pitfold  " 
in  1564,  and  to  a  "  Sebastian  Pittfold  "  in 
1653,  though  the  latter  person  does  not 
aeem  to  have  been  a  "  parson."  Their 


names  occur  as  owners  of  land  in  con- 
nexion with  other  lands  lately  belonging 
to  "  Magdalen's  Chantry  "  in  Athlington,  or 
Allington,  Dorset.  This  chantry  was  other- 
wise known  as  the  "  Hospital  for  Lepers, 
called  Mary  Magdalen,  in  Athlington,  near 
Bridport,"  which  Hutchins  ('  History  of 
Dorset,'  vol.  ii.  p.  206)  speaks  of  as  having 
been  suppressed  in  1553.* 

It  was  from  a  branch  of  the  Pitfields  of 
Allington  that  the  present  Lord  Alington 
is  lineally  descended  ;  but  I  do  not  think 
that  the  family  of  Sturt  took  its  title  from 
any  such  connexion. 

J.  S.  UDAL,  F.S.A. 
Antigua,  W.I. 

[Warblington  is  in  Hampshire,  the  village  being 
a  mile  south-east  of  Havant.  The  church  is  dedi- 
cated to  St.  Thomas  a  Becket,  and  the  Rev.  W.  B. 
Norris  has  been  rector  since  1878.] 

WEARING  ONE  SPUR. — In  Sir  E.  Durning- 
Lawrence's  '  Bacon  is  Shakespeare  '  (p.  159) 
some  stress  is  laid  upon  the  fact  that  a 
person  is  represented  on  the  title-page  of 
Bacon's  '  History  of  Henry  VII.'  as  wearing 
only  one  spur.  Some  deduction  is  made  from 
this  in  support  of  the  author's  contention 
that  Bacon  is  Shakespeare.  But  was  it  not 
common  at  that  time  for  horsemen  to  wear 
but  one  spur  ?  In  '  Hudibras,'  which 
belongs  to  a  generation  later,  the  practice 
seems  to  be  alluded  to.  The  "  arm'd  heel  " 
and  "  unarm'd "  are  mentioned  (Part  I. 
Canto  I.)  :— 

For  Hudibras  wore  but  one  spur, 
As  wisely  knowing,  could  he  stir 
To  active  trot  one  side  cf  's  horse, 
The  other  wou  'd  not  hang  on  worse. 
Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  may  remember 
some  other  allusion  to  the  custom. 

J.  WILLCOCK. 
Lerwick. 

LINCOLN'S  INN  VINES  AND  FIG  TREE.  — 
Is  anything  known  as  to  the  age  and  history 
of  these  ?  It  is  to  be  remembered  that, 
although  the  ground-floor  chambers,  of 
which  the  doorways  are  shadowed  by  these 
trees,  are  now  known  as  Nos.  12  and  13, 
New  Square,  the  buildings  themselves  are 
quite  distinct  from  the  eleven  houses 
numbered  1  to  11,  and  originally  erected 
by  one  Serle  in  the  seventeenth  century  to 
form  New  Square.  They  are  really  part 
of  one  of  the  much  older  buildings  in  Lin- 


*  See  also  as  to  this  chantry  an  article  by 
E.  A.  Fry  on  '  Dorset  Chantries '  in  vol.  xxx. 
(1909),  of  the  Dorset  Field  Club's  Proceedings,  in 
which  the  above  names  appear. 


368 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        in  s.  n.  NOV.  5, 1910. 


coin's  Inn,  of  which  the  upper  stories  have 
an  independent  access  in  the  rear,  and  are 
now  known  as  No.  15,  Old  Square. 

G.  B.  F. 

Lincoln's  Inn. 

[The  query  is  limited  to  Lincoln's  Inn.  The 
general  subject  of  fig  trees  in  London  was  amply 
discussed  at  10  S.  xi.  107,  178 ;  xii.  293,  336,  396,  476 ; 
11  S.  i.  52.] 

HALL'S  '  CHRONICLE,'  HENRY  IV. — Is 
there  any  contemporary  MS.  of  this  chro- 
nicle, or  of  any  substantial  part  of  it  ? 

Q.  V. 

SYDNEY  SMITH  AND  THE  "  BOREAL  BOTJR- 
DALOTJE." — To  whom  did  Sydney  Smith 
refer  when  in  1838  he  wrote  to  a  friend  as 
follows,  respecting  "  a  certain  well-known 
preacher  who  had  made  a  passing  appear- 
ance in  the  pulpit  of  Combe-Florey  Church"  ? 

"  We  like  your  Boreal  Bourdaloue.  If  he  will 
limit  himself  to  thirty  minutes  and  carry  up  a  book 
into  the  pulpit  in  conformity  with  our  well-known 
habits,  he  would  beat  all  the  popular  preachers  in 
London." 

J.  D.  M. 

Philadelphia. 

"  GEORGE  THE  FIRST  WAS  RECKONED 
VILE." — I  have  seen  some  scurrilous  lines 
on  our  Hanoverian  kings,  the  whole  of 
which  I  cannot  recollect,  but  the  opening 
lines  are  : — 

George  the  First  was  reckoned  vile, 
Viler  still  was  George  the  Second. 

Can  any  contributor  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  tell  me 
who  was  the  author  of  these  lines,  and  where 
they  are  to  be  found  ?  C.  L.  S. 

[The  lines  were  written  by  Walter  Savage  Landor. 
The  correct  version,  with  many  particulars  about 
them,  will  be  found  at  9  S.  ix.  318,  354.] 

FREDERIC,     PRINCE     OF     WALES  :      HIS 
DEATH. — This  son  of  George  II.  died  in  1751 
from   a   blow   of   a   cricket   ball.     In  what 
book  can  I  find  particulars  of  the  accident  ? 
STAPLETON  MARTIN. 

The  Firs,  Norton,  Worcester. 

NAVAL  RECORDS  :  THEIR  PRESERVATION. 
— Mr.  F.  R.  Harris,  writing  to  The  Times 
of  20  September  from  the  London  School 
of  Economics,  says  : — 

"May  I  call  your  attention  to  the  following 
extract  from  The  Naval  Chronicle  of  1811,  which 
indicates  an  outburst  of  enthusiasm  for  naval 
history  close  on  a  century  ago,  and  50  years  before 
Barrow's  rearrangement  of  the  library  ? — 
Naval  Records. 

" '  Several  thousand  public  documents,  from  the 
neglect  of  the  persons  who  formerly  filled  the  secre- 
tary's office,  were  suffered  to  remain  in  a  state  of 


confusion  and  decay  in  the  Admiralty  garrets. 
These,  with  the  assistance  of  some  active  clerks- 
selected  for  the  occasion,  the  present  secretary  is- 
said  to  have  rescued  from  oblivion,  and  to  have 
arranged  in  a  regular  and  perspicuous  manner,  so- 
that  now,  if  occasion  should  require,  reference  may 
be  made  to  the  letter  of  any  officer,  on  any  given 
subject,  that  might  have  been  written  two  centuries- 
back.  The  importance  of  arrangement,  where 
precedents  are  so  requisite,  and  so  often  sought  for 
with  avidity  by  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  the 
Admiralty,  is  self-evident.'  (Naval  Chronicle* 
vol.  xxvi.  p.  280.) 

"It  would  be  extremely  interesting  if  the  history 
of  this  experiment  could  be  traced." 

Perhaps  some  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  may 
be  able  to  assist  in  the  quest. 

ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

[The  subject  appears  to  be  one  specially  for  the 
Navy  Records  Society,  which  has  already  published 
several  valuable  volumes  on  the  history  of  the  Navy.  J 

ST.  MARK'S,  NORTH  AUDLEY  STREET.— 
The  courteous  explanation  furnished  as  to 
the  tenure  of  Grosvenor  Chapel,  South 
Audley  Street  (ante,  p.  294),  tempts  me  to 
put  a  query  concerning  the  above  place  of 
worship  hard  by.  Is  not  the  entire  absence 
of  any  external  notification  of  the  name& 
of  either  vicar  or  churchwardens  or  the  hour& 
of  divine  service  singular  amongst  London 
churches  ?  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

JOHN  DAY'S  WILL. — Can  any  correspond- 
ent direct  me  to  the  will  of  John  Day  (or 
Daye),  the  celebrated  Elizabethan  printer  ? 
He  died  at  Walden,  Essex,  in  1584 — as 
Mr.  H.  R.  Tedder  informs  us  in  the  '  D.N.B.,' 
making  no  mention  of  any  testament. 
Certainly  nothing  is  registered  in  P.C.C. 
concerning  Day,  though  his  numerous 
progeny  would  incline  one  to  the  belief  that 
he  must  have  left  some  written  directions. 
Perhaps  his  will  is  entered  in  the  records 
of  some  minor  court,  and  failed  to  come 
to  Mr.  Tedder's  notice  when  writing  in 
1888.  Genealogical  research  has,  of  course,, 
made  considerable  strides  since  that  date. 
WILLIAM  MCMTJRRAY. 

HENRY  ALDRICH,  Dean  of  Christ  Church,, 
is  said  to  have  been  the  son  of  Henry 
Aldrich  of  Westminster.  I  should  be  glad 
to  learn  further  particulars  of  his  father, 
and  also  the  name  of  his  mother.  The 
'  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  i.  251,  gives  no  assistance 
on  these  points.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

RICHARD     BARWELL     (1741-1804).— Who 
was  his  mother  ?     The   '  Diet.   Nat.   Biog. 
iii.  350,  does  not  mention  her. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  5, 1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


369 


HERMIT'S  CAVE,  WESTON  MOUTH. — Is 
there  any  historical  interest  in  a  cave 
locally  called  "  The  Hermit's  Cave,"  which 
lies  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  inland  from 
Weston  Mouth  in  South  Devon  ?  Weston 
Mouth  is  about  half  way  along  the  coast 
between  Sidmouth  and  Branscombe. 

W.  H.  HENDERSON. 

CHARLES  KING,  M.P.  FOR  SWORDS. — Who 
was  this  M.P.'s  first  wife  ?  By  her  he  had 
an  only  child,  John,  major  in  the  Fer- 
managh Militia,  M.P.  for  Clogher  1800  (the 
last  Irish  Parliament),  who  died,  leaving 
issue,  12  September,  1810.  She  is  recorded  in 
The  Freeman's  Journal  of  13-15  February, 
1777,  as  having  died  at  a  place  named 
Carrickduff,  co.  Carlo w.  Her  husband,  who 
was  M.P.  for  Swords,  1776^-83,  and  for 
Belturbet  from  1797  till  his  death  in  1799, 
married  secondly  Katherine,  dau.  and  co- 
heir of  James  Gledstanes  of  Fardross,  co. 
Tyrone,  and  by  her  had  no  issue. 

CHARLES  S.  KING,  Bt. 

St.  Leonards- on- Sea. 

BILLINGE  OF  BILLINGE,  LANGS.  —  Infor- 
mation wanted  of  this  family  since  the 
Heralds'  Visitation  of  Lancashire,  1665. 

J.  BRAMWELL. 

Roby,  near  Liverpool. 

GORING   HOUSE. — During   the   Civil   War 

i  Goring  House  (afterwards  Arlington  House) 

i  seems  to  have  passed  from  the  possession  of 

the  Gorings  to  that  of  some  Denny  cousins. 

I  should  like  to  ascertain  exactly  when  and 

|  how    this     transference     took     place.     The 

following    is    all    the    information    I    have 

bearing  upon  the  subject. 

In  July,  1652,  the  Council  of  State  paid 
Anne  Denny  251.  for  quartering  soldiers  in 
Goring  House  for  three  .months  before  allow- 
ance was  made  her  by  the  Council  for 
quartering  soldiers  there. 

In  1665  Edward  Denny  of  Howe,  Norfolk, 
writing  to  Lord  Arlington,  mentions  that 
he  was  formerly  owner  of  Goring  House, 
his  lordship's  habitation  ;  but  suffered  so 
during  the  Civil  War  that  he  was  obliged 
to  sell  it  to  Sir  John  Lenthall. 

This  Edward  Denny  (born  1624)  was 
second  cousin  twice  removed  to  Anne 
Denny  (sister  of  Edward  Denny,  Earl  of 
Norwich),  who  married  George  Goring  of 
Hurstpierrepoint,  and  had  a  son  Sir  George 
Goring,  who  was  created  Baron  Goring 
1628,  Earl  of  Norwich  1644,  and  died  1662/3, 
aged  about  eighty.  He  had  two  sons  : 
George,  Lord  Goring,  d.s.p.  1657,  and  Charles, 
2nd  Earl  of  Norwich,  d.s.p.  1670/71. 


Anne  Denny  of  1652  was  probably  the 
sister  of  Edward  Denny  of  Howe,  who  was 
under  eighteen  years  of  age  in  1639.  Edward 
Denny's  mother,  nee  Anne  Reeve,  died  in 
1639.  H.  L.  L.  D. 

MIERS,  SILHOUETTE  ARTIST.  —  Can  any 
of  your  readers  tell  me  the  Christian  name 
and  date  of  a  silhouette  artist  named  Miers  ? 
He  produced  silhouettes  on  ivory  in  black, 
and  sometimes  outlined  in  gold,  to  be 
mounted  in  jewellery.  I  have  a  locket, 
ring,  brooch,  and  scarf  pin  signed  Miers. 
The  locket,  which  is  set  with  precious  stones, 
is  said  to  be  about  the  time  of  the  first 
French  Revolution.  -  I  shall  be  most  grateful 
for  any  information.  LEONARD  C.  PRICE. 

Essex  Lodge,  Ewell,  Surrey. 

WILLIAM  COWPER  AND  THE  COWPERS  OF 
FORNHAM  ALL  SAINTS. — Was  the  poet  in  any 
way  related  to  a  family  of  his  surname  which 
appears  in  the  register  of  the  parish  of 
Fornham  All  Saints,  Bury  St.  Edmunds, 
Suffolk,  in  1791  ?  A.  DEEKS. 

H.  MARSDEN  OF  WENNINGTON  HALL. — 
I  should  be  much  obliged  if  any  of  your 
readers  could  give  me  some  particulars  of 
the  family  of  Mr.  Henry  Marsden  of  Wenning- 
ton  Hall,  Lancashire,  especially  as  to  whom 
his  daughters  married.  Any  information 
respecting  the  family  will,  however,  be 
appreciated.  Please  reply  direct. 

S.  H.  THOMASON. 

Oxford  Villa,  Cowley  Hill,  St.  Helens,  Lancashire. 

KNIGHTS  OF  THE  SWAN  :  BLUMENORD- 
NUNG  :  GOLDEN  BIBLE. — I  hope  that  some 
one  will  kindly  take  compassion  on  my 
ignorance,  and  tell  me — 

1.  Anything     about    the    Order    of     the 
Knights  of  the  Swan,  founded  at  Anspach, 
and  Lohengrin's  connexion  with  the  same. 

2.  Anything    about   the    Blumenordmmg. 
I  saw  a  letter  relating  to  such  an  order  at 
Nuremberg. 

3.  Is  the  Lyoner  Goldene  Bibel  one  of  the 
Charlemagne  Golden  series  ?  J.  D. 

Camoys  Court,  Barcombe,  near  Lewes. 

WAINEWRIGHT  OR  WAINWRIGHT,  EX- 
HIBITOR AT  THE  ACADEMY. — In  1850  W.  Ff 
Wainwright,  of  24,  St.  James's  Street, 
contributed  to  the  Academy  a  drawing  or 
miniature  of  Ralph  Bernal  Osborne,  M.P.  for 
Middlesex. 

In  1851'  T.  W.  or  T.  F.  Wainwright,  of 
18,  Sussex  Place,  Kensington,  contributed 
an  oil  painting  to  the  Academy  called  '  A 
Sea  Shore,  Morning.' 


370 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  IL  NOV.  5, 1910. 


I  assume  these  are  to  be  identified  with 
T.  F.  or  J.  F.  Wainewright,  of  10A,  Tich- 
borne  Street,  Haymarket,  who  in  1855  con- 
tributed an  oil  painting  to  the  Academy 
called  '  A  Sea  Shore,  Sunset,'  and  in  1857  an 
oil  painting  entitled  '  View  from  near 
Cooper's  Hill,  looking  towards  St.  Anne's 
Hill,  Weybridge.'  In  1859  his  address 
was  9,  King  Street,  Covent  Garden,  and  he 
sent  an  oil  painting  called  '  Evening.' 

Who   was   this   artist  ?     and  is   anything 
known  of  his  works  ?     Please  reply  direct. 
JOHN  B.  WAINE  WRIGHT. 

31,  Dryden  Chambers,  119,  Oxford  Street,  W. 


WELLINGTON      AND      BLUCHER     AT 
WATERLOO  :     C.  S.  BENECKE. 

(11  S.  ii.  227.) 

THE  title  of  the  picture  in  the  query  should 
be  amended  by  the  substitution  of  after  for 
"  at." 

What  may  take  the  place  of  a  sketch- 
index  is  contained  in  a  long  account  (five 
pages)  of  the  picture  in  "A  Descriptive 
Handbook  for  the  Pictures  in  the  Houses  of 
Parliament.  By  T.  J.  Gullick.  By  Autho- 
rity. Bradbury,  Evans  &  Co.  1865."  The 
picture  was  completed  in  1863  ;  see  *  Copy  of 

Memoranda    by    Prof.    Church,    F.R.S 

concerning  the  Condition  of  Certain  of  the 
Wall- Paintings  in  the  Palace  of  Westminster,' 
Parliamentary  Paper  C.  7651,  1895,  p.  5. 

I  copy  the  following  from  the  '  Hand- 
book,' pp.  30-32  : — 

"  Taking  the  side  on  the  right  of  the  spectator, 
we  have  behind  the  duke  a  group  of  staff  officers. 
They  are  few  indeed,  for  nearly  all  the  chief  in 
command,  Lords  Fitzroy  Somerset,  and  Uxbridge, 
the  gallant  Picton,  and  many  others,  were  hors  de 
combat  earner  in  the  day.  There  are,  however, 
Lord  George  Somerset,  Lord  Arthur  Hill  (Lord 
Sandys),  and  the  Hon.  Henry  Percy,  who  bore 
home  the  despatches  and  the  captured  eagles. 
On  the  other  side  of  the  picture  there  is  also  Sir 
Hussey  Vivian  (Lord  Vivian),  of  the  light  brigade, 
on  a  splendid  white  charger.  Behind  the  pre- 
ceding group  a  few  of  the  2nd  Life  Guards  and  the 
Blues,  all  that  remained  of  Wellington's  escort, 
together  with  some  even  of  their  wounded  com- 
rades, '  recover  '  or  wave  their  sabres,  or  other- 
wise salute  or  cheer  the  Prussian  general 

Behind  and  in  front  of  the  cavalry  soldiers  there 
are  several  groups.  The  most  prominent  is 
[sic]  a  Highlander,  a  Footguard,  and  a  Fusilier, 
carrying  ^  off  the  body  of  the  '  young  gallant 
Howard,'  of  the  llth  Hussars,  mentioned  so 

pathetically  by  Byron More  in  front  lies   a 

dead  trumpeter  of  the  Life  Guards,  and  a  wounded 
English  general  officer,  attended  by  a  Light 


Dragoon,  a  Coldstream  Guard,  and  a  drummer. 
Further  to  the  right  the  wounded  white  horse 
of  a  cuirassier  madly  strives  to  rise,  while  his 
master's  body  has  fallen  across  the  carcase  of 
another  horse,  whose  eyes  are  already  covered 
with  the  death-film.  On  the  extreme  right  a 
wounded  Enniskillen  dragoon  is  attended  by  a 
comrade.  Over  and  beyond  the  cannon  round 
which  these  have  fallen,  a  dying  Hanoverian  is 
supported  by  two  priests,  one  of  whom  presents  the 
crucifix  with  intense  earnestness,  a  sceur  de  charite 
assists,  and  a  vivandiere  holds  a  glass  of  spirits 
from  her  barrel  for  the  dying  man .... 

"  Returning  to  the  centre  of  the  picture,  and 
on  the  spectator's  left,  we  have  the  Prussian 
staff  and  the  attendant  band  vigorously  playing. 
....Banging  from  the  side  of  Bliicher  are  the 
Prussian  generals  and  staff  officers  ;  Gniesnau, 
with  white  feathers  in  his  hat,  the  commander  to 
whom  the  pursuit  was  given  ;  Nostitz  (now 
General)  ;  Prince  Frederick  William,  the  late 
King,  then  quite  a  lad,  younger  than  the  husband 
of  our  Princess  Koyal  ;  Ziethen  ;  Bulow,  an  old 
man,  with  his  breast  loaded  with  orders,  and  a 
Black  Brunswicker  with  the  skull  and  cross- 
bones  on  his  shako.  Sir  Hussey  Vivian,  on  his 
superb  white  horse,  already  mentioned  incidentally, 
completes  the  group  of  mounted  officers. 

"  Pursuing  our  description,  we  have  next  to  the 
carabineer  in  his  brass  breast  armour,  above 
mentioned*  a  wounded  Englishman,  then  a 
French  cuirassier  in  his  steel  jacket,  and  a  High- 
lander, his  claymore  at  his  side,  and  with  his 
bagpipes  fallen  from  his  wounded  arm,  to  which 
a  tourniquet  has  been  applied.  Close  by  are 
two  wounded  Irishmen — Connaught  Rangers, 
frantically  cheering  their  victorious  countryman, 
Wellington.  More  to  the  left  is  a  group  about  the 
shattered  carriage  of  a  battered  captured  gun, 
athwart  which  lies  the  body  of  a  French  cannonier 
officer — having  to  the  last  clung  to,  and  faithfully 
defended,  his  charge.  Further  to  the  left  the 
surgeons  and  hospital  orderlies  are  at  work  with 
the  wounded,  among  which  are  a  Scotch  Fusilier,  a 
Coldstream  guardsman,  and  an  English  colour- 
sergeant,  the  last  submitting  to  the  application 
of  the  bandages  to  his  wounded  leg  with  heroic 
fortitude 

"  It  has  already  been  intimated  that  nothing 
is  represented  here  that  has  not  a  foundation  in 
fact.  Whole  figures  have  been  ruthlessly  ex- 
punged when  the  artist  discovered  they  were  not 
then  and  there  present." 

The  '  Handbook,'  p.  28,  gives  the  date 
of  the  completion  of  the  picture  as  1861, 
instead  of  1863  according  to  Prof.  Church. 
According  to  the  latter,  it  measures  45  £  ft. 
by  12  ft.,  i.e.,  its  breadth  is  nearly  four  times 
its  height. 

The  only  print  which  I  have  at  hand  is 
that  which  is  given  in  '  Parliament  Past 
and  Present,'  by  Arnold  Wright  and  Philip 
Smith  (circa  1904),  p.  240.  Although  the 
fact  is  not  mentioned  in  the  letterpress, 
only  a  little  more  than  one-third  (the  middle 
part)  of  the  picture  appears. 


*  There  is  apparently  some  omission  or  error,  as 
no  carabineer  is  "  above  mentioned." 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  s,  mo.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


371 


Presumably,  if  the  c  Handbook  '  is  correct, 
the  young  man,  wearing  a  plain  cocked  hat, 
immediately  behind  Bliicher  is  Prince  Fre- 
derick William,  afterwards  King  of  Prussia. 

I  have  copied  from  Gullick's  '  Handbook  ' 
at  considerable  length,  as  after  forty-five 
years  it  is  not  improbably  out  of  print. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

Messrs.  Graves  of  Pall  Mall  would  pro- 
bably be  able  to  supply  the  sketch-index 
to  the  famous  picture  published  by  Mr. 
F.  G.  Moon  of  Threadneedle  Street.  This 
might  answer  SIB  WILLIAM  BULL'S  inquiry. 

CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 


"  TURCOPOLERIUS  "  :  SIR  JOHN  SHELLEY 
(11  S.  ii.  247,  336).— In  what  document  of 
the  time  is  Sir  John  Shelley  "  Turcopolier 

and  Great  Prior  of  Rhodes. . .  .killed  at 

the  famous  siege. .  .  .in  1522  "  ?  The  best 
account  is  that  of  Paradin  in  his  '  Histoire 
de  Notre  Terns,'  published  in  1548  (Latin) 
and  1550  (French).  From  that  it  is  clear 
that  the  second  in  command  was  "  Gabriel 
de  Pommerol,"  but  that  the  third  in  rank, 
after  the  Grand  Prior  (Villiers  de  1' Isle- 
Adam)  and  Pomerol,  was  John  Buck, 
"Tricoplier  de  la  langue  d'Angleterre." 
This  "  Jan  Bouc  "  (or  "  Jean  "  or  "  Jan  " 
"Bouc"  or  "De  Bouc")  was  one  of  the 
four  captains  of  quarters,  and  was  a  Knight 
Grand  Cross  of  the  Order.  No  Shelley  is 
named,  and  all  Brothers  and  Knights 
killed,  or  active  in  the  eight  months'  fight- 
ing, are  described.  Is  it  suggested  that 
Jean  de  Bouc  was  John  Shelley  ?  Is  Buck- 
hurst  a  clue  ?  D. 

Is  not  Tv/oKOTrovAot,  near  the  end  of  MR. 
WAINEWRIGHT'S  reply,  misspelt  ?  In  the 
Appendix  of  Cypriote  Words  in  '  A  Greek- 
English  Dictionary '  by  A.  Kyriakides 
(Cyprus,  Nicosia,  1892),  is  "  TovpKoVouAos,  a 
field- watchman."  The  word  does  not  ap- 
pear in  the  main  part  of  the  dictionary. 
The  Greek  for  "  Turk  "  is  ToGp/cos. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

OATH  OF  HIPPOCRATES  (US.  ii.  310). — 
An  English  version  of  the  oath  will  be  found 
in  '  The  Genuine  Works  of  Hippocrates,' 
vol.  ii.  p.  779,  published  by  the  Sydenham 
bociety.  ELSPETH  EARLE. 

Cromer  House,  Graveseud. 

[A  copy  of  the  Greek,  sent  by  MR.  C.  S.  JERRAM, 
has  been  forwarded  to  DR.  HOOLE.  MR.  W.  SCOTT 
also  refers  to  the  Sydenham  Society's  edition. 
MR.  W.  FLEMING  next  week.] 


MRS.  G.  D.  ELLIOTT'S  '  DURING  THE 
REIGN  OF  TERROR'  (11  S.  ii.  324).— I  do 
not  like  to  advertise  my  own  wares,  but  I 
think  MR.  S.  HARVEY  GEM  will  be  interested 
to  know  that  he  will  find  an  account  of  Grace 
Dalrymple  Eliot  in  a  book  of  mine  called 
*  Ladies  Fair  and  Frail,'  published  by  Mr. 
John  Lane.  In  this  work  I  have  endeavoured 
to  criticize  some  portions  of  her  '  Journal.' 
To  the  list  of  French  works  in  which  her 
narrative  is  mentioned  (given  in  my  biblio- 
graphy) I  should  like  to  add  '  Un  Ami  de 
la  Reine,'  by  Paul  Gaulot,  p.  166. 

Grace's  name  should  be  spelt  Eliot,  and, 
as  I  have  pointed  out  previously,  her  sobri- 
quet was  "Dally -the  Tall,'1  not  "Dolly 
the  Tall."  HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

WATERMARKS  IN  PAPER  (11  S.  ii.  327). — 
MR.  FRY  might  also  refer  to  Fenn's  '  Paston 
Letters,'  edition  of  1787-9,  wherein  there  are 
several  drawings  of  watermarks.  Vol.  ii. 
plates  viii.  to  xiii.,  vol.  iii.  plates  xxi.— xxii.  ; 
and  vol.  iv.  plates  xxvi.-xxvii.,  are  all 
devoted  to  this  subject.  The  dates  range 
from  Hen.  VI.  (1422)  to  Ric.  III.  (1485). 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

See  also  '  Forest  of  the  Broyle  and  the 
Parks  of  Ringmer,'  in  The  Reliquary,  April, 
1902 ;  '  Watermarks  on  Paper,'  by  Miss 
E.  E.  Thoyts,  in  The  Antiquary  for  1895, 
pp.  326-30  and  356-61  ;  and  Chambers's 
'  Book  of  Days,'  1863,  pp.  532-3. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

CHARLES  II.  STATUE  IN  THE  ROYAL 
EXCHANGE  :  JOHN  SPILLER  (US.  ii.  322). 
— From  an  article  in  The  Mirror  of  27  Janu- 
ary, 1838,  published  less  than  three  weeks 
after  the  burning  of  the  Royal  Exchange 
(10  January),  I  extract  the  following  para- 
graph :— 

"Of  the  statue  of  Charles II.  which  stands  at  this 
moment  amid  the  chaos  of  the  late  calamity,  a  few 
interesting  circumstances  are  related.  Its  artist, 
John  Spiller,  a  sculptor  of  great  promise,  was  born 
in  1763.  and,  after  a  liberal  education,  became  a 
pupil  of  Bacon,  which  circumstance  has  led  to  this 
statue  being  ascribed  to  Bacon  himself.  While 
engaged  in  this  work,  a  pulmonary  disease,  to 
which  Spiller  had  a  constitutional  tendency,  became 
much  aggravated  ;  and,  soon  after  the  statue  was 
placed  on  its  pedestal,  he  expired,  in  May,  1794, 
at  the  premature  age  of  thirty.  It  is  of  this  accom- 
plished artist  that  the  author  of  the  '  Curiosities  of 
Literature,'  with  his  usual  good  taste,  gives  the 
following  notice  as  illustrative  of  the  enthusiasm  of 
genius :  '  The  young  and  classical  sculptor  who 
raised  the  statue  of  Charles  the  Second,  placed  in 
the  centre  of  the  Royal  Exchange,  was,  in  the 
midst  of  his  work,  advised  by  his  medical  friends 
to  desist  from  working  in  marble;  for  the  energy 
of  his  labour,  with  tne  strong  excitement  of  his 


372 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        en  s.  n.  NOV.  5, 1910. 


feelings,  already  had  made  fatal  inroads  on  his 
constitution.  But  he  was  willing,  he  said,  to  die  at 
the  foot  of  his  statue.  The  statue  was  raised,  and 
the  young  sculptor,  with  the  shining  eyes  and  hectic 
blush  of  consumption,  beheld  it  there,  returned 
home,  and  shortly  was  no  more  ! ' " 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

'  THE  BUCCANEER,'  A  TALE  OF  THE  ISLE 
OF  SHEPPEY  (US.  ii.  308). — The  story  re- 
ferred to  is  no  doubt  '  The  Buccaneer.  A 
Tale,'  written  by  Mrs.  S.  C.  Hall.  It  was 
published  in  1832  in  three  vols.,  but  went, 
I  believe,  into  more  than  one  single-volume 
edition.  The  author  upheld  the  character 
of  Cromwell  many  years  before  Carlyle's 
championship  of  the  Lord  Protector. 

W.  SCOTT. 

BISHOP  EDWARD  WETENHALL  (11  S.  ii. 
88). — The  following  extracts  from  the  above 
celebrated  polemical  writer's  will,  &c.,  may 
interest  G.  F.  R.  B.  Will  dated  10  May, 
1709;  proved  10  March,  1713.  Wife 
"  Phillippa.'*  Sons  :  1.  Edward,  M.D.  (had 
issue  Ann,  Mary,  and  "  Phillippa  "  ;  his  will 
proved  1733)  ;  2.  John,  Archdeacon  of  Cork. 
Refers  to  a  messuage  in  parish  of  Stoke- 
holycross,  Norfolk  ;  also  to 

"  lands  lying  at  foot  of  the  Greenbridge  by  Stafford, 
whereon  before  the  Civil  Warrs  in  England  stood 
the  Capitall  house  of  the  Staffordshire  branch  of 
our  family,  which  came  into  mv  possession  on  my 
father's  death." 

Mentions  his  "  dear  Kinsman  Mr.  Weten- 
hall  Sneyde  "  (if  resident  in  Ireland  at  time 
of  my  death)  ;  also  kinsman  Gabriel  Whe ten- 
hall  of  Hankloe,  co.  Chester,  Esq. 

Possibly  his  father  and  the  family  may 
appear  in  some  of  the  church  registers  of 
Stafford  ;  or  his  father  might  be  mentioned 
at  Westminster  School,  where  he  (the 
bishop)  was  educated,  or  on  his  entry  at 
Trin.  Coll.,  Cambridge,  where  he  took  his 
B.A.  degree  in  1660. 

He  is  said  to  have  descended  from  the 
family  of  the  name  who  possessed  the  estate 
of  Hextall  Court  from  the  time  of  Henry  VIII. 
till  Henry  Wetenhall,  Esq.,  alienated  it  to 
John  Fane,  Earl  of  Westmorland.  As  he 
is  described  as  a  native  of  Lichfield,  his 
baptism  may  be  recorded  there,  and  his 
parentage. 

There  are  references  to  him  in  Bp.  Mant's 
'  Church  of  Ireland,'   *  A  Great  Archbishop 
of  Dublin,   Wm.   King,   D.D.    (1650-1729),' 
and  Henry's  '  Upper  Lough  Erne  in  1739.' 
CHARLES  S.  KING,  Bt. 
St.  Leonards-on-Sea. 


SOUTH  AFRICAN  SLANG  (11  S.  ii.  63,  138).— 
MR.  RAAFF'S  derivation  of  "  footsack " 
from  Voort,  zeg  ik  (Away,  I  tell  you),  is  not 
quite  correct ;  at  least  I  have  seen  it  stated 
in  Cape  newspapers  that  the  word  was  a 
contraction  of  Voort  zich  uit  (Away  with 
you  !).  The  interjection  was  originally 
hurled  at  dogs,  and  was  afterwards  used 
contemptuously  of  negroes  and  worthless 
characters.  It  has  even  been  turned  into 
a  verb,  as  "  to  footsack  (or  fire  out)  a  broken 
chair." 

There  is  another  application  of  the  South 
African  "  skoff,"  or  "  scoff,"  namely,  when 
it  is  used  substantively  with  the  meaning 
of  a  journey  or  progress,  as  in  speaking  of  a 
twenty-mile  march  of  a  squadron  of  horse, 
or  the  trek  of  a  wagon  drawn  by  bullocks: 
"  They  did  a  ten-mile  skoff  last  night,  and 
another  ten-mile  this  morning."  This  word 
no  doubt  is  derived  from  Du.  schoft,  a  quarter 
day's  work,  and  schoften,  to  rest,  eat  a  meal, 
&c.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

LESNES  ABBEY:  ABBOT  ELY  AS  (11  S.  ii. 
309). — There  is  an  account  of  Lesnes  Abbey 
in  the  '  Monasticon  Anglicanum,'  vol.  vi: 
part  i.  p.  456  (1846).  It  has,  however,  been 
very  imperfectly  treated  of,  though  two 
royal  charters  are  given.  Richard  de  Lucy, 
Chief  Justice  of  England,  is  alleged  to  have 
been  the  founder  in  1178.  Subsequently  he 
is  said  to  have  joined  the  order  of  Black 
Canons,  very  soon  after  which  he  dedicated 
the  church  to  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary  and 
St.  Thomas  of  Canterbury. 

Lesnes  was  one  of  the  religious  houses 
suppressed  in  1524  at  the  instance  of  Car- 
dinal Wolsey,  so  that  its  revenues  might 
become  a  part  of  those  of  the  two  colleges 
which  he  contemplated  founding  at  Oxford 
and  Ipswich.  The  notes  with  which  the 
Lesnes  article  in  the  '  Monasticon '  is  supplied 
give  interesting  references.  The  Chapter- 
House  of  Westminster  appears  to  contain 
documents  in  which  the  names  of  many  of 
the  abbots  may  occur. 

EDWARD  PEACOCK. 

GERMAN  SPELLING  :  OMISSION  OF  H 
AFTER  T  (11  S.  ii.  306).— I  have  certainly 
not  altogether  overlooked  the  German  use 
of  th.  It  is  not  unfamiliar  to  me,  because 
I  frequently  refer  to  German  authorities 
(e.g.  Brugmann)  who  use  t  instead  of  it. 
But  at  p.  xliii  of  my  Preface  I  give  notice 
that  I  follow  the  spelling  in  Fliigel's  dic- 
tionary. 

I  doubt  if  the  replacement  of  th  by  t  is,  as 
yet,  universal  in  Germany  ;    I  observe  that 


n  s.  ii.  NOV.  5,  i9io.)        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


373 


th  is  freely  used  in  Cassell's  '  German  and 
.English  Dictionary,'  printed  in  1906,  and 
edited  by  our  Professor  of  German  in  Cam- 
bridge. 

After  all,  what  does  the  change  mean  ? 
And  how  came  th  to  be  employed  at  all  ? 

The  G.  th  occurs  in  such  words  as  Gothe, 
a  Goth  ;  Theater,  a  theatre,  and  other  words 
of  foreign  origin.  In  such  words  the  th 
.represents  the  original  th  in  the  Late  Lat. 
frothy^  or  in  the  Gk.  Qkarpov,  &c.  There  is 
no  harm  in  this  use  of  tht  because  it  is  easily 
understood. 

But  its  use  in  native  words  such  as 
\Thau,  dew,  was  originally  meant  to  be 
(phonetic.  It  indicated  that  the  following 
vowel  or  diphthong  was  long.  Thus  in 
;the  word  Thai,  a  valley,  the  a  js  long.  So 
also  in  AtJiem,  breath,  the  th  following  the 
\a  indicates  that  the  preceding  a  is  long. 
;Germans  do  not  need  to  be  told  this  ;  but 
jior  English  readers  it  is  well  to  show,  by  the 
use  of  this  device,  that  the  u  in  thun,  to  do, 
jis  long.  The  alternative  is  to  print  it  as 
'un.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 


3C* 

S 


REV.  ROWLAND  HILL'S  AUTOGRAPH 
LETTERS  (US.  ii.  327).— Particulars  of  the 
sale  of  these  letters  and  MSS.  will  be  found 

bthe  volume  of  '  Bye-Gones  '   (Oswestry) 
r  1895-6,  p.  483.  E.  W. 

ALLUSIONS  IN  AMERICAN  AUTHORS  (11  S. 
j.i.    307). —  1.  The    "Nubian     geographer" 
alluded  to  by  Poe  in  '  A  Descent  into  the 
Maelstrom,'  was  in  all  likelihood  the  Arabian 
iiuthor  Edrisi,  who  wrote  in  1 153.     A  portion 
,:>f  his  book  was  edited  in  1592  under  the  title 
Geographia  Nubiensis.'     There  have  been 
everal  editions  since,  but  all  are  said  to  be 
full  of  errors,  the  very  title  being  a  mistake. 
Owing  to  the  misinterpretation  of  a  certain 
passage,  the  translators  were  led  to  believe 
that  Edrisi  was  a  Nubian,  instead  of  a  native 
North  Africa,   opposite  Gibraltar,   as  he 
eally  was.     Probably  the  best-known  trans- 
ion  of  the  book  is  that  issued  in  Latin 
it  Paris  in  1619.     This  may  have  been  the 
ition    with    which    Poe    was    acquainted. 
LS  named  "  Geographia  Nubiensis,  id  est 
tius  orbis  in  vii.  climata  divisi  descriptio, 
x  Arabico  in  Latin,  versa  a  Gabr.  Sionita  et 
oan.   Hesronita."     The   Mare  Tenebrarum 
no  doubt  the  Black  Sea,  perhaps  so  called 
rom  the  prevailing  colour  of  the  rock  sur- 
ounding  it.  W.  SCOTT. 

I  should   suggest   that   the   Nubian   geo- 
grapher mentioned  by  Poe  would  probably 
Ptolemy,  who  was  a  native  of  Egypt, 


which,  although  not  Nubia  proper,  is  perhaps 
near  enough  for  the  purposes  of  romance. 
His  birthplace  is  uncertain,  but  it  is  supposed 
to  be  either  at  Pelusium  or  Ptolemais  in  the 
Thebaid.  The  Mare  Tenebrarum  would 
probably  be  the  Euxine  or  Black  Sea. 

ALFRED  WREN. 
Stamboul  Villas,  70,  Sydenham  Road,  Croydon. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
ii.  327). — The  words  from  Ruskin's  '  Modern 
Painters,'  BookV.  Part  IX.  chap.  iv.,are  the 
first  sentence  of  a  short  paragraph  standing 
within  quotation  marks.  The  paragraph 
is  as  follows  : — 

"  We  had  prayed  with  tears  ;  we  had  loved  with 
our  hearts.  There  was  no  choice  of  way  open  to  us. 
No  guidance  from  God  or  man,  other  than  this,  and 
behold,  it  was  a  lie.  *  When  He,  the  Spirit  of 
Truth,  is  come,  He  shall  guide  you  into  all  truth.' 
And  He  has  guided  us  into  no  truth.  There  can  be 
no  such  Spirit.  There  is  no  Advocate,  no  Com- 
forter. Has  there  been  no  Resurrection  ? " 
The  paragraph  is  Ruskin's  own,  spoken  in 
the  character  of  a  darker  age  than  this. 

W.  S.  S. 

The  quotation  wanted  by  MR.  A.  RHODES 
is  slightly  misquoted  from  a  hymn  by  Dr. 
Watts  beginning   "  Thee  we  adore,  eternal 
name."     The  third  stanza  is  as  follows  : — 
Dangers  stand  thick  through  all  the  ground, 

To  push  us  to  the  tomb  ; 
And  tierce  diseases  wait  around, 
To  hurry  mortals  home. 

C.  S.  JERRAM. 
[C.  C.  B.  and  MR.  W.  SURR  also  refer  to  Dr.  Watts.] 

BOOK-COVERS:  "YELLOW-BACKS"  (US. 
ii.  189,  237,  274,  295).  —  I  believe  that 
"  yellow-backs "  were  preceded  by  green- 
backs or  books.  I  seem  to  remember  a 
series  of  novels,  called  "The  Parlour  Library,'* 
which  were  in  paper -boards  of  an  eau-de-Nil 
kind  of  tint  :  '  Emilia  Wyndham '  was 
one  of  them,  and  '  Consuelo '  another. 
Crowe's  '  Nightside  of  Nature '  was  also 
included,  and  the  issue  certainly  began  in 
the  early  part  of  the  fifties.  Vulgar  sensa- 
tional pictures  with  backgrounds  of  yellow 
cover  were  later  than  that. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

LOVELL  FAMILY  (11  S.  ii.  329). — I  am 
unable  to  give  MR.  THOS.  H.  WRIGHT  any 
information  about  the  descent  of  the 
members  of  Parliament  for  Midhurst  in 
1553,  but  I  should  like  to  know  his  authority 
for  stating  that  William  Lovell,  Esq.,  was 
one  of  them.  According  to  the  Blue-books 
printed  by  order  of  the  House  of  Commons 
in  1878,  the  members  elected  for  Midhurst 


374 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [n  s.  11.  NOV.  5, 1910. 


in  the  autumn  of  1553  were  Thomas  Lovell, 
Kt.,  and  "William....  esquyer."  As  a 
Willielmus  Denton  represented  the  borough 
in  the  previous  Parliament  and  in  several 
which  followed,  I  am  inclined  to  think  that 
"Denton  "  is  the  name  missing  from  the 
record  for  1553  if  there  is  no  positive  evi- 
dence to  the  contrary.  J.  COLES. 
Midhurst. 

CANONS,  MIDDLESEX  (11  S.  ii.  328). — 
Although  I  cannot  give  the  exact  date 
when  the  eighteenth-century  house  was 
started,  it  seems  worth  while  recording 
that  the  site  was  occupied  by  earlier  houses 
also  known  as  "  Cannons"  or  "  Channons." 
Richard  Sheppard  of  Wembley,  Harrow, 
in  his  will,  1578,  mentions  John  ffranklin  of 
Canons.  John  Baseley  of  Willesden  in  his 
will,  1586,  mentions  that  John  ffranklin  of 
Canons  is  to  receive  20Z.  Agnes  ffranklin 
of  Hendon,  widow  of  John  ffranklin,  late 
of  Canons,  made  her  will  in  1602  ;  and  in  the 
Herald's  Visitation  of  London,  1633,  John 
Franklin  of  Canons  is  given  as  the  father  of 
Richard  Franklyn  of  Willesden.  John 
Franklin  of  "  Cannons  "  was  overseer  to  the 
will  of  George  Litton  of  Edgeware  and  neigh- 
bouring parishes  in  1584. 

I  have  numerous  notes  from  original 
documents  concerning  this  place,  but  as 
they  are  not  indexed  I  am  unable  to  say 
from  what  date  the  name  occurs. 

John  Frankland  of  Stanmore  the  Less 
was  the  testator  of  a  will  in  1585,  and  evi- 
dently was  identical  with  John  Franklin 
of  Canons.  He  mentions  his  wife  Agnes, 
and  gives  much  detail  of  properties  and 
kindred ;  he  left  considerable  sums  for 
charities  and  public  purposes,  and  desired 
to  be  buried  in  the  parish  church  of  Stan- 
more.  In  1563  John  Franklin  the  elder  of 
Great  Stanmore  was  rated  at  81.,  and  paid 
13s.  4d.  subsidy.  FRED.  HITCHIN-KEMP. 

Forest  Hill,  S.E. 

The  manor  of  Canons  was  conveyed  in 
marriage  by  Mary,  daughter  and  heiress  of 
Sir  Thomas  Lake,  to  James  Brydges,  after- 
wards first  Duke  of  Chandos.  The  house 
does  not  appear  to  have  been  begun  until 
1715,  when  the  north  front  was  built  by 
Strong,  the  mason  who  was  employed  on  the 
building  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral.  At  that 
date  Brydges  was  Earl  of  Carnarvon. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

See     '  London     and    Middlesex,'     by     J. 
Norris  Brewer,  1816,  vol.  iv.  pp.  633-46. 
J.  HOLD  EN  MACMICHAEL. 


LORD  HOWARD  OF  EFFINGHAM'S  FIRST 
WIFE  (11  S.  ii.  310).— J.  E.  T.  says  that 
"  the  first  wife  of  the  first  Lord  Howard  of 
Efnngham  was  Anne,  sister  and  co-heir  of 
John  de  Broughton,  or  Boughton." 

This  statement  is  not  correct.  On  look- 
ing at  Cokayne's  '  Complete  Peerage,'  vol.  iii. 
p.  235,  I  find  that  the  first  Lord  Howard  of 
Efnngham  married  Katharine,  sister  and 
co-heir  of  John  Broughton,  daughter  of 
John  Broughton  of  Tuddington,  Beds,  by 
Agnes,  daughter  and  heir  of  Sir  John 
Sapcote.  She  died  s.p.m.  23  April,  1535,  and 
was  buried  at  Lambeth,  Surrey. 

ALFRED  SYDNEY  LEWIS. 

Library,  Constitutional  Club,  W.C. 

SLAVERY  IN  SCOTLAND  IN  THE  EIGH- 
TEENTH CENTURY  (11  S.  ii.  230). — A  brass 
collar,  with  inscription  similar  to  that 
recorded  in  the  query,  is  preserved  among 
the  relics  in  the  Antiquarian  Museum  at 
Edinburgh.  The  inscription  states  that  it 
was  dredged  out  of  the  river  Forth.  It 
would  seem  that  there  are  two  collars  in 
existence,  lettered  in  almost  identical  terms. 
I  had  never  before  heard  of  the  one  found 
in  the  grave  at  Alva,  and  am  somewhat 
inclined  to  doubt  the  accuracy  of  the  state- 
ment made  in  The  St.  James's  Chronicle  of 
1788.  W.  SCOTT. 

The  heading  of  the  query  should  have 
been  "  Penal  Servitude,"  instead  of 
"  Slavery,"  since  it  relates  to  a  convict  in 
whose  case  the  legal  punishment  of  death  had 
been  commuted  to  penal  servitude  for  life. 
There  being  at  that  time  no  penal  settle- 
ments maintained  by  the  Government, 
such  convicts  were  placed  in  the  custody 
of  an  individual  master  who  could  keep 
them  in  work.  Sir  John  Erskine  of  Alva  had 
silver  mines  on  his  estate  which  he  was 
working,  and  had  no  doubt  applied  for  < 
grant  of  convict  labour.  The  brass  colla 
worn  by  this  particular  convict,  bearing  an 
inscription  setting  forth  his  name,  his  crime, 
the  date  of  his  conviction,  and  his  assign- 
ment as  a  perpetual  servant  to  Sir  Johi 
Erskine,  was  found  in  the  river  Forth  some 
time  previous  to  12  June,  1784,  when  it  was 
given  to  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  Scot- 
land, and  it  is  now  in  the  National  Museui 
of  Antiquities  at  Edinburgh. 

Fabrications  of  this  collar — not  facsimiles, 
or  even  close  imitations — appear  to  find  J 
ready  market  in  England.  I  have  seen  three 
offered  for  sale  within  the  last  two  ye* 
or  thereby.  The  curious  thing  about  then 
is  that  they  all  differ  from  each  other  ( 


u  s.  ii.  NOV.  s,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


375 


from  the  original)  in  make,  in  the  style  o 
the  lettering,  and  in  the  wording  and  spelling 
of  the  inscription.  J.  A. 

Edinburgh. 

"  SMOUCH,"  A  TERM  FOB  A  JEW  (11  S.  ii 
225,  291). — I  shall  be  obliged  if  MB.  BBESLAB 
will  inform  me  on  what  authority  he  bases  th 
explanations    he    offers    in    his    reply    on 
"  schmoosing,"  "  schmusen,"  and  "  smouch.' 
I  am  surprised  he  did  not  infer  some  co 
relation  with  "  shammos,"  a  beadle,  usuall; 
reputed  a  gossip. 

The    original   form   is,    as    PBOF.    BENSE 
states,    "  smaus,"    a   Jew  ;      "  smaushond,' 
a  Jew's   dog.      It  is  met  with  throughou 
Belgium,  and  the  compound  is  used  as  an 
epithet.     "  Smouch "    is    the    JSnglish    deri- 
vative, and  surely  occurs  in  the  eighteenth 
century,   if  not  earlier,   although  I  cannot 
now  give  an  instance.     ALECK  ABBAHAMS. 

In  Cape  Colonial  English  or  South  African 
slang  the  word  "  smous  "  has  been  lengthened 
into  "  smouser,"  with  the  meaning  of  a  man 
who  peddles  goods,  often,  but  not  neces- 
sarily, a  Jewish  peddler.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

ST.  SWITHIN  at  the  latter  reference  has 
unconsciously  resolved  for  me  a  query 
going  back  to  the  days  of  my  boyhood. 
Hard  by  where  we  resided  at  that  time 
lived  a  man  (a  dealer  in  cast-off  regimentals 
and  sundry  oddments  in  wearing  apparel) 
who  was  known  as  "  Mouchy  B — ,"  but 
whose  real  name  was  Isaac  B — .  I  take 
it  the  former  was  a  nickname  conferred 
on  him  by  Christian  acquaintances  in  the 
same  way  as  another  was  known  as  "  Davy 
Old  Horse  "  =  Althaus, 


"Ikey  Flatiron." 


and     another     as 
M.  L.  R.  BBESLAB. 


LUM  :    OBIGIN  OF  THE  SUBNAME  (US   ii 

227).—  In    the    last    (1909)    edition    of    the 

I  Loomis  genealogy  ("Descendants  of  Joseph 

Loomis  in  America,  and  his  Antecedents  in 

the  Old  World,  by  Elias  Loomis,  revised  by 

isha  S.  Loomis  ")  there  is  a  chapter  on  the 

origin  of  the  surname  and  ancestry  of  the 

amily  in  England,  by  Charles  A.   Hoppin, 

jun.,    who,    after    exhaustive   research,    has 

[concluded  that  the  former  is  derived  from 

the    Saxon    words    "  lum "    and    "  halgh." 

-u  explaining  the  etymology  he  says  (p.  61)  : 

The  word  'lum'  anciently  had  various  meanings 

indifferent  parts;  but  the  word  'halgh'  had  onfy 

general  signification,  however  spelt;   both  are 

con  words  mainly.  'Lumma,'  in  Swedish,  meant 
to ^resound.  ' Lum '  in  the  Shetland  Islands  meant 

ntt,  an  opening  in  the  sky;  of  the  sky;  to  clear 


of  fog;  to  disperse.  In  the  county  of  Norfolk, 
England,  a  '  lum '  was  the  handle  of  an  oar.  '  Lum ' 
also  meant  to  rain  heavily.  In  Scotland,  Ireland, 
and  the  northern  English  counties  of  Durham  and 
Yorkshire  a  'lum'  meant  a  chimney,  the  vent  by 
which  the  smoke  issued,  as  in  Grant's  '  Chronicles 
of  Keckleton' 

She  heard  a  voice  cryin'  doon  her  ain  lum. 
Hence,  very  commonly  used  in  those  regions  of 
Britain.  From  this  came  the  term  'lumhat,'  a 
chimney  pot  hat.  Further  south  and  west,  in 
Yorkshire  and  in  Derbyshire  and  in  the  West 
Riding  of  Yorkshire,  close  to  the  border  of  Salford 
Hundred  in  Lancaster  County,  'lum'  meant  (1)  a 
small  wood  or  grove,  (2)  a  wood  bottom  growing 
shrubs  and  trees,  not  fit  for  mowing.  In  Lancashire, 
also  in  counties  Derby  and  Oxford,  '  lum '  meant  a 
deep  pool  in  the  bed  of  a  river.  Halliwell  sums  the 
word  up  as  'a  woody  valley,  a  deep  pit.'  Thus 
these  latter  ancient  usages  were  descriptive  of 
locality,  'territorial,'  and,  be  it  now  remembered, 
had  direct  reference  to  a  certain  definits  place,  or 
places,  in  the  natural  topography  of  Lancashire 
and  adjoining  parts." 

JOHN  T.  LOOMIS. 
Washington,  D.C. 

The  name  Lumb  or  Lum  is  derived  from 
Danish  or  Norse  words  meaning  a  ravine 
or  deep  wooded  valley,  as  stated  by  the 
late  CANON  J.  C.  ATKINSON  at  4  S.  viii.  384. 
There  is  a  good  example  of  a  "  lumb  "  at 
Drighlington,  near  Leeds  ;  and  there  are 
others  in  the  Halifax  district,  where  there  are 
numerous  families  of  the  name.  The  name 
occurs  chiefly  in  the  hills  of  the  Yorkshire 
clothing  district,  and  the  printed  registers 
of  Halifax,  Elland,  and  Barwick-in-Elmet 
have  the  most  numerous  entries.  The 
ancestors  of  the  Irish  baronet  Sir  Francis 
Lum,  I  have  reason  to  think,  resided  near 
Halifax.  The  name  has  been  written 
variously  Lom(b),  Lum(b),  Lome,  Lumm, 
&c.  There  have  been  Lombes  in  Norfolk 
since  an  early  date,  the  principal  family 
3eing  represented  by  the  Lombes  of  By- 
"augh.  G.  D.  LUMB. 

Lumb  is  a  place-name  in  East  Lancashire, 
near  Rochdale,  and  it  seems  that  we  need 
not  go  to  Scotland  for  the  origin,  since  in  the 
North  Country,  Lakeland,  Lancashire,  Che- 
ihire,  Derbyshire,  and  Oxfordshire,  a  "lum" 
without  the  b)  is  a  deep  pool  in  the  bed  of  a 
iver.  Scottish  fiction  has  made  us  familiar 
with  a  "  lum  "  in  the  sense  of  a  chimney,  but 
t  can  hardly  be  surmised  that  the  surname 
s  traceable  to  this.  A  "  lum  "  in  Yorkshire, 
Derbyshire,  and  the  North  Country  generally 
s  also  a  small  wood  or  grove — in  West 
Yorkshire  "  '  a  wood  bottom,'  growing 
hrubs  and  trees,  and  not  fit  for  mowing." 
lee  further  the  *  E.D.D.,'  s.v.  '  Lum '  or 
Lumb.'  J.  HOLD  EN  MACMICHAEL. 


376 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  n.  NOV.  5, 1010. 


But  for  the  difficulty  of  proving  a  negative, 
one  might  be  tempted  to  say  that  Lum 
is  not  a  Scottish  family  name  at  all.  There 
is,  of  course,  the  Scottish  word  "  him," 
meaning  a  chimney.  But  the  family  name 
Lumm  is  said  to  signify  "  a  clump  of  trees." 
At  all  events,  the  surname  Lum  is  extremely 
rare  in  Scotland.  I  have  met  with  only  one 
instance  of  its  occurrence.  According  to 
the  '  Edinburgh  Marriage  Registers,'  under 
date  5  July,  1677,  Samuel  Lum,  writing- 
master,  was  married  to  Margaret  Smyth 
by  Mr.  James  Lundie.  Compound  words 
like  Lumsden  are  frequent  in  Scotland,  but 
Lum  as  a  family  name,  so  far  as  I  am  aware, 
is  almost  entirely  unknown.  SCOTUS. 

[J.  A.  G.  and  St.  S  WITHIN  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

MATTHEW  -ARNOLD  ON  NINETEENTH- 
CENTURY  ELOQUENCE  (US.  ii.  229,  318).— 
There  seems  no  necessary  reason  to  suppose 
that  Arnold  referred  to  one  recently  deceased 
when  he  paid  his  tribute  to  "  the  most 
eloquent  voice  of  our  century."  Presumably 
he  had  in  his  mind  one  whose  spoken  word 
was  uncommonly  impressive,  such,  for  ex- 
ample, as  the  philosopher  who  once  "  sat  on 
Highgate  hill  "  and  held  his  audience  spell- 
bound by  his  charming  monologues.  Cole- 
ridge may  have  been  the  old  man  eloquent 
who  deprecated  "  the  Anglo-Saxon  con- 
tagion." A  casual  reference  to  his  '  Table 
Talk '  reveals  this  under  date  19  August, 
1832  :— 

"It  may  be  doubted  whether  a  composite  lan- 
guage like  the  English  is  not  a  happier  instrument 
of  expression  than  a  homogeneous  one  like  the 
German.  We  possess  a  wonderful  richness  and 
variety  of  modified  meanings  in  our  Saxon  and 
Latin  quasi-synonyms,  which  the  Germans  have 
not.  For  '  the  pomp  and  prodigality  of  Heaven,' 
the  Germans  must  have  said  *  the  spendthriftness.' 
Shakespeare  is  particularly  happy  in  his  use  of  the 
Latin  synonyms,  and  in  distinguishing  between 
them  and  the  Saxon." 

Coleridge  died  on  25  July,  1834,  and  thus 
it  might  be  said  that  he  discoursed  in  this 
way  on  English  and  German  not  long  before 
his  death.  Still  later,  however,  there  may 
have  been  something  more  formal  and  more 
elaborate,  which  at  the  moment  does  not 
recur  to  the  memory.  THOMAS  BAYNE. 

GREY  FAMILY   (11   S.   i.    469  ;    ii.    14). 

Reverting  to  the  subject  of  my  query  and 
MB.  E.  A.  FRY'S  reply  thereto,  it  would 
appear  to  be  the  Greys  of  Werke  in  which 
my  interest — which  is  of  a  topographical 
character — would  seem  to  lie.  Perhaps 
MR.  FRY  will  kindly  inform  me  as  to  his 
authority  for  stating  that  this  branch  of  the 


family  held  property  in  Aldersgate  (not, 
I  have  reason  to  believe,  Aldersgate  Street} 
at  the  period  he  refers  to. 

WILLIAM  McMuRRAY. 

"  BLANKET  "  AS  A  VERB  (11  S.  ii.  327).— 
"  Blanket  "  is  used  as  a  transitive  verb  in 
the  sense  of  "  concealing  or  covering  as  with 
a  blanket  "  once  in  '  King  Lear,'  II.  iii.  10  : 

My  face  I  '11  grime  with  filth, 
Blanket  my  loins,  elf  all  my  hair  in  knots. 

H.  KREBS. 

The  verb  "  to  blanket,"  in  the  sense  of 
"  to  cover  as  with  a  blanket,"  is  no  doubt 
the  correct  meaning  to  be  put  upon  the  words 
quoted  from  the  Solicitor-General's  speech 
at  Waltharnstow.  "  To  blanket  an  opinion  " 
will  signify  "  to  cover  the  opinion  as  with 
a  blanket  for  purposes  of  disguise  or  con- 
cealment." W.  SCOTT. 

Though  the  context  is  somewhat  ambigu- 
ous, I  feel  sure  MR.  MAYHEW  is  correct.  As 
a  freeholder  of  Walthamstow,  I  think  that 
any  man  placed  in  a  similar  position  to  that 
of  the  Solicitor-General  might  properly  say, 
"  Gentlemen,  I  hold  very  specific  views  on 
this  question,  but  until  my  colleagues  have 
formulated  their  views  I  decline  to  '  blanket ' 
my  cards."  M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

[The  sense  "to  cover  with  or  as  with  a  blanket" 
is  the  first  given  for  the  verb  in  the  'N.E.D.,'and 
the  quotation  from  'King  Lear'  is  the  earliest 
supplied.] 

"CHEMINEAU"  (11  S.  ii.  126).— On  12 
October  was  performed  at  Covent  Garden, 
for  the  first  time  in  England,  an  opera 
entitled  '  Le  Chemineau,'  by  Xavier  Leroux. 
According  to  The  Standard  of  13  October, 
it  was  produced  at  the  Opera  Comique, 
Paris,  in  1907.  The  critic  says  : — 

"  The  libretto  is  based  on  a  story  by  Jean  Riche- 
pin,  that  was  dramatised  under  the  name  of 
'  Ragged  Robin,'  and  performed  a  few  years  ago  at 
His  Majesty's  Theatre.  The  drama  takes  its  name 
from  a  tramp  who,  like  Gringoire  in  the  'Ballad- 
Monger,'  is  half  vagabond,  half  poet,  who  hears  the 
call  of  the  road  so  strongly  that  it  compels  him  to 
forsake  love  and  comfort  for  a  wandering  life." 
ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

VAVASOUR  (US.  ii.  149,  232).— The  deri- 
vation of  the  form  valvasor  from  the  Latin 
valva  is  obviously  impossible,  because  there 
is  no  such  termination  as  -assor  or  -asor. 
Neither  is  there  anything  to  show  that 
valvasour  is  a  correct  form.  At  any  rate,  it 
was  not  the  original  one. 

We  shall  best  understand  the  word  by 
first  considering  the  word  varlet.  I  have 


a  s.  n.  NOV.  5,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


377 


shown  that  the  successive  forms  were  vaslet, 
varlet,  vallet,  valet ;  of  which  varlet  and 
valet  are  in  use  in  English.  The  prefix  vas- 
means  "  servant,"  from  the  Celtic  base 
vass-,  as  in  Welsh  gwas,  Bret,  gwaz,  O.  Irish 
joss ;  and  -let  is  a  compound  diminutive 
suffix.  From  the  same  base  we  have  vass-al. 
In  precisely  the  same  way  we  have  the  suc- 
cessive forms  vasvassor  (ill-spelt  vasvessor 
in  Ducange),  varvassor  (varied  in  Ducange 
to  varvassurus),  valvassor,  vavassor.  The 
original  vasvassor  probably  arose  from 
making  a  nominative  singular  out  of  vas- 
vassorum,  "  servant  of  servants  "  ;  precisely 
a,s  the  Latin  triumuir  came  out  of  trium 
uirorum,  "  one  of  three  men."  Old  French 
i  has  yet  a  third  related  word,  viz.,  vasleton, 
valleton,  or  valeton  ;  whence  tha  surname 
Valetton  or  Valleton. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

Littre,  under  *  Vavasseur,'  after  several 
quotations  for  the  history  of  the  word,  says  : 

"fitym.  Va  vassor  repr^sente  vassus  vassorum, 
vassal  de  vassal.  Beranger,  a  1'imitation  de  vavas- 
wur,  a  fait  vavassaux :  Aumoniers,  chatelains, 
vassaux,  vavassaux,  et  villains,  '  Carab.'  " 

LIONEL  SCHANK. 

[MR.  R.  G.  CARTE  (Ceylon)  and  MR.  0.  J.  REICHEL 
anticipated  by  replies  ante,  p.  232.] 

CARRACCI'S  PICTURE  OF  ST.  GREGORY 
(US.  ii.  269). — According  to  Mrs.  Jameson 
('  Sacred  and  Legendary  Art,'  vol.  i.  p.  318), 
the  picture  of  St.  Gregory  in  the  Salviati 
Chapel,  San  Gregorio,  painted  by  Annibale 
Carracci,  is  named  '  St.  Gregory  in  Prayer.' 
A  foot-note  states  that  there  is  a  duplicate 
of  this  painting  in  the  Bridgewater  Gallery. 
In  Hare's  *  Walks  in  Rome,'  vol.  i.,  it  is  stated 
that  the  Carracci  painting  now  in  the  Salviati 
Chapel  is  only  a  copy,  the  original  being  in 
England.  Is  not  the  Bridgewater  Gallery 
picture  the  original  painting  ?  SCOTUS. 

HILLMAN  FAMILY  IN  IRELAND  AND  ENG- 
LAND (11  S.  ii.  227). — The  reference  to  John 
Cragg  in  my  query  is  found  in  Burke 's 
*  General  Armory,'  ed.  1884,  p.  238,  in  which 
he  says  (I  quote  from  a  correspondent's 
letter)  that  Molyneux,  Ulster  King-of-Arms, 
on  5  July,  1600,  confirmed  to  John  Cragg, 
**  descended  from  a  third  brother  of  the 
house  •  of  Cragg  in  England,"  the  same 
arms  as  those  borne  by  the  Craggs  of  Green- 
ford,  Middlesex,  viz.,  Ermine,  on  a  fesse 
sa.  Three  crescents  or,  the  bend  charged 
with  a  mullet  or  for  difference.  My  corre- 
spondent also  gave  me  to  understand  that 
Burke  writes  of  this  John  Cragg  as  going  to 
Ireland  about  this  time  (1600).  If  so,  it 


ooks  as  if  John  Cragge  living  at  Coleraine, 
[reland,  in  1626,  the  brother-in-law  of  Thomas 
EEillman,  and  the  above  John  Cragg,  may  be 
the  same  person. 

I  should  greatly  appreciate  any  informa- 
tion as  to  this  Cragg  family  in  England,  as  it 
might  enable  me  to  trace,  through  this 
source  and  Thomas  Hillman's  marriage  to 
Margery  Cragge,  the  sister  of  John  Cragge, 
the  locality  in  England  from  which  the  Hill- 
mans  emigrated  to  Ireland. 

I  may  add  that  in  Phillimore's  '  Middlesex 
Parish  Registers '  (Marriages)  I  find  no 
record  of  any  Cragg  marriages  in  Greenford 
(1539  to  1812).  E.  HAVILAND  HILLMAN. 

Campo  S.  Samuele  3227,  Venice. 

"REGISTRY  OFFICE":  "REGISTER 
OFFICE"  (11  S.  ii.  305). — The  Society  of 
Friends  issued  in  "  London,  5th  Mo.  9th, 
1805,"  a  prospectus  of  a  "  Friends'  Register 
Society  for  Masters  and  Servants. ' '  Meetings 
had  then  been  held,  a  committee  formed, 
superintendents  instructed  to  announce  the 
establishment  of  the  institution,  and  an 
office  opened  at  No.  7,  Pavement,  Moorfields. 
Here  a  register  was  kept  of  all  requiring 
assistants,  clerks,  shopmen,  warehousemen, 
journeymen,  apprentices,  porters,  and  other 
servants,  and  all  such  persons  unemployed. 
References  had  to  be  supplied,  and  there  was 
a  peculiar  system  of  fees  or  deposits  outlined 
in  clause  11  of  the  "  Plan  "  : — 

"  That  every  master  or  servant  who  receives 
information  from  the  Register  be  required  to  leave 
a  deposit  (the  master  a  guinea,  the  servant  half  a 
guinea)  as  a  pledge  that  he  do  not  communicate  the 
same  to  any  other  person,  and  that  he  will  duly 
inform  the  Register  the  result  of  the  treaty  between 
them,  within  one  week  after  it  is  concluded,  or  the 
said  deposit  shall  be  forfeited." 

MR.  MACMICHAEL  is  welcome  to  the  loan  of 
this  "  Plan."  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

HERB-WOMAN  TO  THE  KING  (11  S.  i.  265, 
373;  ii.  256,  312). — A  not  unamusing 
side-light  on  the  Herb-woman  at  the  Corona- 
tion of  George  IV.  is  given  in  some  letters 
written  by  a  Westminster  boy,  R.  N.  Gresley, 
and  printed  in  Mr.  F.  Madan's  '  History  of 
the  Gresleys  of  Drakelowe.'  He  writes  : — 

"We  {i.e.,  the  King's  Scholars]  sat  in  the  Organ 

Loft,  almost  the  best  places  in  the  Abbey As  we 

had  a  ceremony  to  perform  [the  right  to  be  the  first 
to  acclaim  the  sovereign]  we  took  the  front  rows  in 
the  Organ  Loft ;  but  when  the  Herb- Woman  and 
her  maids  came  there,  the  Herb- Woman,  herself  a 
bold  masculine-looking  woman,  said  she  could  not 
think  of  going  behind,  and  that  if  we  were  gentle- 
men we  should  give  up  our  places ;  however,  those 
who  were  next  her  thought  that  if  she  had  been  a 
lady  she  would  not  have  asked,  and  considered  it 
sufficient  to  allow  her  to  go  behind  j  they  were 


378 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  5, 1910. 


explaining  this  very  civilly  to  her,  but  she  began  to 
push,  and  being  a  strong  woman,  forced  herself  into 
a  front  seat,  and  sat  there  fanning  herself." 

L.  E.  T. 

Here  is  still  an  earlier  reference.  In  the 
*  Complete  Account  of  the  Ceremonies 
observed  in  the  Coronations  of  the  Kings 
and  Queens  of  England,'  4th  ed.,  1727,  4to, 
it  is  stated,  p.  24  : — 

"  Two  Breadths  of  Blue  Broad-Cloth  are  spread 
all  along  the  middle  of  the  Passage,  from  the  Stone 
Steps  in  the  Hall,  to  the  Foot  of  the  Steps  in  the 
Choir,  ascending  the  Theatre,  by  Order  of  the  Lord 
Almoner  for  that  Day,  amounting  in  all  to  1,220 
Yards  ;  which  Cloth  is  strewed  with  Nine  Baskets 
full  of  Sweet  Herbs  and  Flowers,  by  the  Strewer  of 
Herbs  in  Ordinary  to  his  Majesty,  assisted  by  six 
Women,  two  to  a  Basket,  each  Basket  containing 
two  Bushels." 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

LOYAL  ADDRESSES  (11  S.  ii.  266). — The 
address  to  Queen  Anne  from  the  nobility  and 
gentry  of  Hertfordshire,  dated  10  July, 
1710,  to  which  MR.  GERISH  refers,  was  ob- 
viously one  of  the  flood  which  poured  in 
upon  her  Majesty  in  that  and  the  following 
month,  when  the  storm  aroused  by  the  pro- 
secution of  Sacheverell  was  at  its  height, 
and  the  Whig  Ministry,  as  a  consequence, 
was  about  to  be  dismissed.  They  were 
republished  in  the  same  year  in  '  A  Collec- 
tion of  Addresses  '  for  general  circulation  ; 
and  while  it  is  difficult  to  understand  how 
the  originals  could  have  become  distributed 
in  the  way  now  indicated,  I  should  be  very 
glad  to  know  if  the  one  is  also  on  sale  that 
was  presented  to  the  Queen  at  Kensington  on 
6  August  from  "  the  mayor,  recorder, 
deputy  recorder,  aldermen,  town  clerk, 
common  council,  free  burgesses,  and  other 
inhabitants  of  Dunheved  alias  Launceston,' ? 
"  declaring  their  detestation  of  republican 
principles."  Launceston's  recorder,  George 
Granville — Pope's  "  Granville  the  polite  " 
— assisted  in  the  presentation  of  this  Tory 
address,  and  two  days  later  several  of  the 
Whig  ministers  were  replaced. 

DUNHEVED. 

MOKE  FAMILY  (11  S.  ii.  130,  194).— I 
found  the  following  recently  in  a  parish 
register  of  this  neighbourhood  : — 

1663,  Aug.  17.  John  Mokes  buried. 

1640,  Dec.  14.   Joane,    dau.    of    John     and    Joane 

Moakes,  baptized. 
1640,  Jan.  1.  Joane  Mokes  buried. 
1678,  May.  Mary,  wife  of  Thomas  Mokes,  buried. 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 
Sandgate,  Kent. 


"  FRY  "  IN  DRYDEN  AND  LEIGH  HUNT 
(11  S.  ii.  321). — A  rare  meaning  of  this  verb, 
sc.  to  spawn,  is  found  in  Arderne's  '  Treatise 
on  Fistula'  of  c.  1425  (E.E.T.S.  p.  41): 
"  and  ]>ei  grew  to  be  liknes  of  ]?e  womb  of 
a  fissh  ]>at  is  seid  creuyse  or  lopster  when  he 
sperme])  or  friej>."  H.  P.  L. 

WHYTEHEER  OR  WHYTEBEER  (US.  ii.  228, 
318). — Is  this  the  same  as  the  "whittaws" 
mentioned  in  *  Adam  Bede,'  chap,  vi.,  as 
visiting  the  Hall  Farm*?  Were  they  engaged 
in  harness  making  or  mending  there  ? 
They  used  wool  at  any  rate,  which  Molly, 
the  servant,  was  willing  to  comb  for  them. 

J.    WlLLCOCK. 

OTFORD,  KENT  :  PERHIRR  AND  BELLOT 
(11  S.  ii.  329).— I  think  that  the  interpreta- 
tion of  the  record  quoted  is :  "  David 
Polhill  was  married  to  Elizabeth  Borret, 
January  the  31st,  1719." 

It  would  appear  that,  excluding  the  date, 
u=a,  a=v,e=o,r  =  l,  l=r,o  =  e,aa=w,  n=m. 

David  Polhill,  M.P.  at  various  dates,  mar- 
ried for  his  third  wife  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  John  Borrett  of  Shoreham,  prothonotary 
of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas.  She  was  a 
great-granddaughter  of  John  Hampden,  and 
he  was  a  great-grandson  of  Oliver  Cromwell. 

She  died  in  1785,  aged  87.  Very  likely  the 
date  1719  would  be  1720  according  to  the 
historical  year. 

David  Polhill  was  born  1675,  and  died 
1754.  His  monument  (mural  with  bust)  is 
in  Otford  Church. 

For  some  account  of  the  Polhill  family 
see  10  S.  xi.  149,  314,  412.  Can  any  reason 
for  the  cryptic  entry  in  the  parish  records 
be  suggested  ?  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

[MR.  H.  D.  ELLIS,  SCOTUS,  and  MR.  C.  STRACHEY 
send  similar  keys  to  the  entry.  MRS.  M.  POLLARD 
also  thanked  for  reply.  ] 

ENGLISH  WINE  AND  SPIRIT  GLASSES  (US. 
ii.  328).— I  have  no  doubt  that  Mr.  W.  E. 
Wynn  Penny,  in  his  article  in  The  Con- 
noisseur to  which  MR.  CANN  HUGHES  refers* 
was  alluding  to  the  town  of  Frome,  in  Somer- 
set, and  to  collections  of  glasses  formed 
there  by  the  late  Mr.  W.  Carpenter  Penny 
(his  father)  and  the  late  Mr.  John  Webb 
Singer.  Two  or  three  years  ago  Mr.  W.  C, 
Penny's  collection  of  glasses  was  to  be  seen 
in  a  large  case  just  inside  the  main  entrance 
to  the  Bristol  Art  Gallery  and  Museum, 
and  it  may  be  there  still  ;  it  is  somewhat 
varied  in  character.  Mr.  Singer  died  in 
May,  1904,  but  his  extensive  collection 
of  twisted-stem  wine-glasses,  chiefly  of  the 
seventeenth  and  eighteenth  centuries  (& 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  5,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


379 


collection  which  he  regarded  as  the  finest  in 
existence),  is  still  kept  in  his  late  residence 
at  Frome  by  his  younger  son,  Mr.  Edgar  R. 
Singer.  Many  artistic  things  other  than 
glasses  were  collected  by  Mr.  Singer,  who 
was  the  founder  of  the  well-known  Frome 
Art  Metal  Works.  J.  COLES. 

Midhurst. 

Does  MB.  CANN  HUGHES  know  '  English 
Table    Glass,'    by    Percy    Bate    (Newnes)  ? 
1  It  has  excellent  illustrations,  including  Fiat 
glasses.  F.  D.  WESLEY. 

A  comprehensive  work  on  English  glasses 
is  Mr.  Albert  Hartshorne's  '  Old  English 
Glasses.  An  Account  of  Glass  Drinkmg- 
Vessels  in  England  from  Early  Times  to 
the  End  of  the  Eighteenth  Century.  With 
Introductory  Notices  of  Continental  Glasses 
during  the  same  Period,'  published  by 
Edward  Arnold. 

There  is  a  '  Descriptive  Catalogue  of 
Glass  Vessels  in  South  Kensington  Museum,' 
by  A.  Nesbitt,  published  by  Chapman  &  Hall, 
and  a  smaller  work  on  '  Glass  '  by  the  same 
author,  forming  one  of  the  "  South  Kensing- 
ton Museum  Handbooks.*1  The  "Hand- 
book "  is  of  date  1878,  so  copies  may  not 
;  now  be  procurable.  W.  S.  S. 

[MR.  J.  T.  PAGE  also  refers  to  Mr.  Hartshorne.] 


0tt 


Old  Kensington    Palace,   and  other    Papers.     By 

Austin  Dobson.  (Chatto  &  Windus.) 
THIS  collection  of  essays  gives  us  great  pleasure. 
We  have  noticed  from  time  to  time  in  The 
National  Review  many  of  them,  and  there  are  few 
authors  who  bear  re-reading  better  than  Mr. 
Dobson.  He  supplies  us  with  ample  information 
and  sound  conclusions  ;  yet  all  is  so  neatly  done, 
and  so  easily,  that  we  are  not  conscious  of  being 
instructed,  and  are  wholly  free  from  that  sense 
of  heaviness  which,  alas  I  often  accompanies  the 
results  of  the  expert. 

Apart  from  two  excursions  into  French  subjects 
-'  Madame  Vig6e-Lebrun  '  and  '  Clary's  Journal  ' 
—  Mr.  Dobson  is  deep  in  his  favourite  eighteenth 
century,  adding  in  *  The  Oxford  Thackeray  '  a 
paper  on  the  author  who  has  introduced  to  many 
of  us  the  greater  figures  of  that  epoch.  Here, 
though  there  is  a  paper  on  '  Percy  and  Goldsmith,' 
the  essays  are  for  the  most  part  concerned  with 
persons  of  secondary  importance,  and,  like  John- 
son's Lives  of  undistinguished  versifiers,  none  the 
less  interesting  for  that.  Hawkins,  the  rival  of 
Boswell,  well  deserved  a  niche  in  Mr.  Dobson's 
gallery,  while  Lyttelton  as  man  of  letters,  and 
Chambers  as  architect,  are  revived  without  that 
prejudice  which  has,  perhaps,  obscured  their 
merits. 


We  abstain  from  quoting  particular  passages 
because  there  are  so  many  nice  things  to  quote, 
and  because  Mr.  Dobson,  even  in  an  age  incurious 
of  all  life  except  its  own,  has  reached  a  position  as 
a  specialist  which  needs  no  comment  of  ours. 
His  account  of  '  The  Oxford  Thackeray  '  as  a 
whole  is  at  once  judicious  and  entertaining, 
exhibiting  his  nice  taste  both  in  illustrations  and 
text,  and — we  need  hardly  add — in  a  very 
different  style  from  that  of  Prof.  Saintsbury.  Of 
the  merits  of  Thackeray  as  an  artist  Mr.  Dobson 
admits  that  "  opinion  has  been  somewhat 
divided."  He  finds  "  no  reason  for  putting  him 
much  below  Doyle  ;  and,  in  the  matter  of  initial 
letters,  we  hold  the  pair — in  invention  at  all 
events — to  have  been  nearly  equal."  Without 
being  seriously  disturbed  at  the  last  contention,  the 
present  writer  puts  Doyle's  original  and  always 
delightful  figures  of  fairies  some  way  above  any- 
thing that  Thackeray  .did.  If  the  great  writer 
had  had  the  practice  of  illustrating  '  Pickwick  " 
and  other  books,  he  might  have  been  a  great 
illustrator.  As  it  is,  with  admirable  elan  he  has. 
given  us  his  own  ideas  of  his  own  characters,  and: 
we  confess  that  other  attempts  at  Becky  Sharp 
look  to  us  beside  his  sad  failures. 

IN  The  Comhill  Mr.  Justice  Darling  has  a  short 
poem  on  the  New  Forest  '  Woodnotes,'  while 
Mrs.  Margaret  Woods  has  one  of  the  best  of  her 
Pastels  '  in  an  account  of  '  The  Victoria  Falls  * 
on  the  Zambesi.  The  railway  bridge  across  the 
gorge  is,  it  appears,  the  highest  in  the  world,  and, 
when  it  was  being  constructed,  an  engineer  fell 
from  it  and  had  a  marvellous  escape,  being  caught 
in  the  branches  of  a  single  tree  that  kept  him 
suspended  over  the  abyss.  He  was  rescued  with- 
out having  suffered  physical  harm,  but  we  are 
not  surprised  to  hear  that  he  was  in  hospital 
some  time  for  nervous  shock.  '  The  Unemploy- 
able and  the  Unemployed,'  by  Miss  Edith  Sellers,, 
is  an  important  article,  for  it  deals  with  the- 
arrangements  of  casual-wards  and  the  sort  of 
treatment  which  creates  the  loafer  who  will  not 
work  and  is  an  expensive  nuisance  to  the  country.. 
We  extract  one  or  two  of  the  striking  dicta  which 
Miss  Sellers  gives  us.  Staying  in  a  country 
district  which  was  in  many  respects  a  model 
district,  she  found  that  not  a  single  boy  in  the 
schools  "  had  received,  or  would  receive,  any 
training  whatever  in  trade  or  handicraft."  And 
"  even  in  London,  so  far  as  one  can  make  out,  only 
some  twenty-five  per  cent,  of  the  County  Council 
school  children  have  any  technical  training  what- 
ever, either  before  they  leave  school  or  after." 
A  good  many  of  the  unemployable  are  so  because 
they  are  badly  fed,  for  "  not  one  Englishwoman  in 
fifty  can  cook  a  decent  dinner."  If  schoolboys 
became  skilled  workers,  and  girls  good  house- 
wives, "the  unemployable  unemployed  crowd," 
says  Miss  Sellers,  "  would  soon  begin  to  dwindle." 
She  recommends  reformed  casual-wards  of  the 
sort  there  are  in  Switzerland,  Austria,  and  Ger- 
many. Mr.  A.  E.  Gathorne-Hardy's  '  Loiter- 
ings  by  the  Lambourne  '  is  a  very  pleasant  paper 
on  fishing  and  other  open-air  pleasures,  while  Miss 
Rosaline  Masson  tells  the  story  of  Holman 
Hunt  painting  in  1852  near  Hastings,  learning 
Italian  from  Edward  Lear,  and  being  sent  a 
butterfly  from  Regent's  Park.  Miss  Lettice 
Digby  has  a  well-written  paper  on  '  The  Cell  : 
the  Unit  of  Organisation.'  If  all  Mr.  A.  C.  Ben- 
son's '  Leaves  of  the  Tree  '  are  as  good  as  his. 


380 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  11.  NOV.  5, 1910. 


character-study  of  Bishop  Westcott,  the  series 
will  be  the  best  thing  he  has  done.  He  has  got  the 
strenuous  nobility  of  Westcott  to  perfection,  and 
tells  some  revealing  stories  of  his  methods  of 
teaching,  while  he  says  not  a  word  too  much  of 
the  fine  face,  instinct  with  the  beauty  of  holiness. 
The  number  has,  too,  a  painful  story  of  love  and 
desertion,  '  The  Man  who  Laughed,'  by  Mr.  John 
Barnett,  and  the  first  half  of  a  story  by  Miss 
Jane  Findlater  which  promises  well. 

WE  do  not  care  for  Mr.  Herbert  Trench's  poem 
'  Requiem  of  Archangels  for  the  World  '  which 
opens  The  Fortnightly.  Mr.  Garvin  is,  as  usual, 
interesting  in  his  review  of  '  Imperial  and  Foreign 
Events,'  which  ends  with  the  statement  that  Mr. 
Roosevelt  must  either  govern  his  party  or  bring 
it  to  an  end.  Among  the  political  articles  one 
on  '  Tsar  Ferdinand  of  Bulgaria,'  by  Miss  Edith 
Sellers,  who  seems  to  combine  exceptional  know- 
ledge alike  of  princes  and  the  poor,  is  distin- 
guished by  an  effective  bitterness  of  style  which 
we  see  rarely.  Mrs.  Margaret  Woods  has  a 
pleasant  paper  on  '  The  English  Housewife  in  the 
Seventeenth  Century  '  ;  and  Mr.  W.  G.  Howard 
'Gritten  indulges  in  '  Some  Hints  to  the  Unionist 
Party  '  which  is  now  generally  being  entreated  by 
its  adherents  to  wake  up.  Mr.  Laurence  Housman 
writes  on  '  A  King's  Proctor  for  Plays,'  and  cer- 
tainly any  other  scheme  seems  preferable  to  that 
of  the  present  Censorship  with  its  ludicrous 
Anomalies.  Miss  Rosaline  Masson  in  '  An  "  In- 
spired Little  Creature "  and  the  Poet  Words- 
worth '  revives  the  verse  of  Emmeline  Fisher,  who 
began  writing  at  eight  in  1833.  The  obvious 
comparison  with  "  Pet  Marjorie  "  is  suggested, 
but  unfortunately  the  English  girl  is  in  no  way 
equal  to  Dr.  John  Brown's  heroine.  She  is  too 
good,  too  like  Mrs.  Hemans  in  her  musings.  Mrs. 
Billington-Greig  has  a  firm  and  well-argued 
presentation  of  the  case  as  it  stands  between 
'  The  Government  and  Women's  Suffrage.'  In 

*  The  Passing  of  Pierrot '  Mr.  Dion  C.  Calthrop  is 
pleasantly  fanciful,  while  Mr.  J.  F.  Macdonald  is 
vivid  and  entertaining  in  his  '  French  Life  and  the 
French    Stage :      Paul    Bourget.'     Mr.    Lennard 
adds  a  third  chapter  to  his  clever  study  of  modern 
types,  '  In  Search  of  Egeria.' 

IN  The  Nineteenth  Century  Prof.  J.  H.  Morgan 
opens  with  an  article  on  '  The  Constitution  in 
Writing,'  while  Mr.  Ian  Malcolm  makes  a  bitter 
attack  on  the  inconsistencies  of  Mr.  Redmond  in 
'  Home  Rule  All  Round.'  Bishop  Welldon  in 

*  Some    Probable    Effects    of     Disestablishment ' 
deals  frankly  with  advantages  and  disadvantages 
likely  to  ensue,  but  writes  naturally  with  a  bias 
in  favour  of  the  Established  Church.     Mr.  Walter 
Sichel  has  one  of  the  best  articles  we  have  seen 
on  the  opening  volume  of  Beaconsfield's  Life,  '  The 
Young   Disraeli.'     '  Poor  Law  Children  and  the 
New   Boarding-out    Order,'    by   Miss   Mason,    an 
ex-senior     inspector    of     boarding-out,     deserves 
careful   reading,    as    does    '  An    English    Wilder- 
ness,'     by    a     writer     who      shows      that      the 
country,  like  the  town,  has  its  defects  of  educa- 
tion  and   its   desperate   problems.     The   country 
boys  will  not  do  farm  work,  and  drift  to  London 
and  the  towns  to  become  "  the  barely  employ- 
able."    Mr.  A.   C.   Benson  writes  once  more  on 
'  The  Place  of  Classics  in  Secondary  Education,' 
and  writes  well,  of  course  ;    but  we  do  not  notice 
with  pleasure  the  tendency  for  the  magazines  to 


become  confined  to  a  small  ring  of  writers  who 
repeat  themselves  and  their  ideas  too  often.  Mr. 
Maurice  Hewlett's  '  A  Hint  from  the  Trees  ' 
apparently  instructs  everybody  to  grow  and  do 
nothing  else.  It  is  a  fantastic  article,  the  con- 
clusions of  which  are  not  clear  to  us.  The  Rev. 
A.  H.  T.  Clarke  in  a  third  paper  on  '  The  Genius  of 
Gibbon  '  deals  with  '  Gibbon  the  Infidel.'  The 
last  word  has  a  somewhat  out-of-date  air,  as  have 
some  of  Mr.  Clarke's  arguments  and  authorities. 
All  we  can  say  is  "  Non  defensoribus  istis,"  with 
fresh  wonder  at  the  patronizing  air  of  the  writer. 
Mr.  Francis  McCullagh's  '  Some  Causes  of  the 
Portuguese  Revolution  '  is  of  interest  as  dwelling 
specially  on  the  part  played  by  religion  in  the 
uprising,  which  is  described  as  "  simply  an  anti- 
Jesuit  and  anti-clerical  outburst  of  which  the 
Republicans  took  advantage." 


THE  GYPSY  LORE  SOCIETY  makes  an  appeal  for 
new  subscribers.  Since  its  start  in  1907  it  has 
published  excellent  work,  and  it  seems  surprising 
that  the  300  members  who  were  expected  did  not 
join,  especially  after  the  Society's  witness  of  the 
good  use  it  w°uld  make  of  its  material.  The 
task  of  obtaining  that  material  becomes,  we  are 
informed,  easier  every  year,  and  we  hope  that  the 
Society's  finances  will  be  so  improved  as  to  put 
it  on  a  sound  basis.  It  is  estimated  that  fifty  new 
members  who  would  buy  the  volumes  already 
published  would  do  this,  and  already  the  deficit 
has  been  reduced  by  some  special  donations. 
The  Society  has  now  changed  its  address,'  and 
that  of  its  Honorary  Secretary,  Mr.  R.  A.  Scott 
Macfie,  to  21  A,  Alfred  Street,  Liverpool. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  dp  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

To  secure    insertion    of   communications   corre- , 
spondents  must  observe  the  following  rules.    Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and ' 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.     When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested 
put  in  parentheses,    immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which    they    refer.    Correspondents    who   repea 
queries   are  requested    to  head    the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

C.  S.  J.  and  J.  WILLCOCK. — Forwarded. 

G.  K.  C.   (Alberta).— You   have  missed  "If  a 
man  is  through  with   them,"  which  was  printed 
on  27  August.     "  Prickly  Heat  "  was  anticipate' 
by    the    editorial    note    appended    ante,    p.    1 
Others    may   appear. 


n  s.  ii.  NOV.  12,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


381 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  1.2,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-No.  46. 

NOTES:— Statues  and  Memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  381 
—Philip  Traherne,  383  —  Derivation  of  "Shark,"  384— 
Deaths  of  Pioneer  Airmen,  385 — "  Everything  comes  to 
him  who  knows  how  to  wait  "—Ladies'  Hats  in  Theatres, 
1833 -Casanova  in  England,  386-London  Street  Cries— 
"Cherubin"  or  "  Cherubim,"  387. 

QUERIES  :— Capt.  Crosstree— Quaker  Deputation  to  the 
Tzar  in  1854 — Colonials  in  the  House  of  Commons  — '  Morn- 
ing Post,'  1781— Baron  de  Stael  in  Scotland,  387— 'Gentle- 
man's Magazine '  —  Corstorphine  :  Corstopitum  —  Cley- 
next-the-Sea  Church  :  "  Wood-wose  "  —  '  The  Poison  and 
the  Painter':  Phil  May  —  "  A  Sunday  well  spent"  — 
Authors  of  Quotations — "  Dummie-Daws" — 'The  Lay  of 
St.  Aloys,'  388  —  Alexander  Gatehouse  —  Godfreys  and 
Gordons  at  Westminster  School — Merevale  Abbey — Miss 
fumner,  c.  1765  —  Inscriptions  in  City  Churches  —  King 
Harald  the  Gold  Beard,  389-Napoleon  Print,  390. 

REPLIES  :— Plantagenet  Tombs  at  Fflntevrault— Corpse 
Bleeding,  390— Oath  of  Hippocrates— Beaver-leas,  391— 
" Sparrow-blasted " — " Game  leg" — Seventeenth- Century 
Quotations— Carlin  Sunday,  392— Smollett's  'History  of 
England'— Birds  Falling  Dead— "Crusie,"  Scottish  Lamp 
^-Scarcity  of  Wasps  —  " Fere,"  393  —  Tennysoniana — 
Canons— Clocks  and  their  Makers— John  Brooke,  394— 
The  Swastika  —  Ladies  and  University  Degrees  —  Dog 
Poems— Father  Smith,  the  Organ  Builder — Watermarks 
in  Paper,  395— Oatcake  as  Eucharistic  Element— "All 
right,  McCarthy  "—Adrian  IV.  and  the  Emerald  Isle- 
Alexander  III.  and  Henry  II.— Duke  Robert  and  Arlette, 
396 — T.  Paine's  Early  Life— Jane  Austen's  Death — John 
Peel— '  Barnaby  Rudge'  by  Dillon,  397— Elephant  and 
Castle  in  Heraldry  —  Architecture's  Distinguished 
Deserters— Peacock's  '  Monks  of  St.  Mark'— "Gingham"  : 
"  Gamp  "—Richard  Cromwell's  Daughter,  398. 

IfOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— Life  of  Benjamin  Disraeli— '  The 

National  Review.' 
Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


STATUES    AND    MEMORIALS   IN   THE 
BRITISH    ISLES. 

<See   10  S.  xi.  441  ;    xii.  51,  114,  181,  401  ; 
11  S.  i.  282;    ii.  42,  242.) 

ROYAL      PERSONAGES      (continued]  : 

QUEEN  VICTORIA. 

A  LARGE  number  of  statues  and  memorials 
of  the  late  Queen  Victoria  have  been  erected, 
especially  during  the  last  twenty  years. 
I  do  not  suppose  I  have  yet  succeeded  in 
cataloguing  a  tithe  of  these,  but  I  now 
produce  my  first  instalment. 

Manchester. — This  statue,  which  repre- 
sents the  Queen  enthroned,  is  erected  in 
front  of  the  Royal  Infirmary,  Piccadilly. 
It  is  one  of  the  last  works  executed  by  the 
late  Mr.  Edward  Onslow  Ford,  R.A.,  and 
was  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy  in 
1901,  being  unveiled  at  Manchester  later  in 
the* same  year. 


Birmingham. — In  the  centre  of  Victoria 
Square  has  been  placed  the  statue  of  Queen 
Victoria  presented  to  the  city  by  Mr.  W.  H. 
Barber.  It  was  unveiled  in  1901,  only  a 
few  days  before  her  Majesty's  death.  It 
is  the  work  of  Mr.  Thomas  Brock,  R.A., 
and  the  pedestal  is  thus  inscribed  : — 
Victoria  R.I. 

1837-1897. 
"From  my  heart 
I  thank  my 
beloved  peo- 
ple. May  God 
bless  them." 

Leamington. — Close  by  the  front  of  the 
Town  Hall  is  a  statue  of  Quesn  Victoria 
erected  by  the  Mayor  and  burgesses  in  1902. 
It  is  thus  inscribed  : — 

[Front] 

Victoria 

Queen  Empress 

1837-1901. 

"  She  wrought  her  people 

lasting  good. 

[BacL] 

Erected 

by  the  people  of 

Leamington 

October  llth,  1902. 

William  Davis,  Mayor. 

Southend-on-Sea. — On    Queen    Victoria's 
79th  birthday,  24  May,  1898,  a  statue  of  her 
Majesty,  presented  to  the  town  by  Alderman 
Tolhurst  (Mayor  in  1897),  was  unveiled  by 
Lady  Rayleigh.     It  is  the  work  of  the  late 
Mr.  J.  W.  Swynnerton,  and  represents  the 
Queen    seated,    and    with    right    arm    out- 
stretched,  pointing  towards   the   sea.     The 
position  is  an  ideal  one,  in  the  centre  of  the 
Pier  Hill.     The  inscriptions  are  : — 
[Front.] 
Victoria 
Regina  et  Imperatrix. 

[Back.] 

This  statue  of 

Queen  Victoria 

was  presented  to  the  Borough 

of 
Southend-on-Sea 

by 

Bernard  Wilshire  Tolhurst,  Mayor 

in  commemoration  of  Her  Majesty's  Glorious 

and  Beneficent  Reign 

1897. 

Douglas,  Isle  of  Man. — On  the  Promenade 
is  a  clock  tower  presented  to  the  town  by 
George  Edward  Dumbell  in  commemoration 
of  Queen  Victoria's  Jubilee  in  June,  1887. 

LlandafT. — On  the  City  Green  a  cross  with 
an  ancient  base  was  restored  in  commemora- 
tion of  Queen  Victoria's  Jubilee. 

Exeter.  —  A  full-length  statue  of  Queen 
Victoria  stands  at  the  junction  of  Queen 


382 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  NOV.  12, 1910. 


Street  and  Little  Queen  Street.  It  was 
placed  there  in  1853. 

Lancaster. — A  statue  of  Queen  Victoria 
was  presented  to  the  town  by  Lord  Ashton 
in  1908.  (See  10  S.  x.  124.) 

Margate. — On  the  Promenade  a  clock 
tower  was  erected  in  1887  to  commemorate 
the  Jubilee  of  Queen  Victoria.  It  was 
designed  by  Mr.  H.  A.  Cheers,  and  cost 

1,80m, 

Skegness. — A  clock  tower  was  erected 
here  by  public  subscription  to  commemorate 
Queen  Victoria's  Diamond  Jubilee.  It  was 
opened  by  the  Countess  of  Scarborough, 
11  August,  1899. 

Winchester. — A  bronze  statue  of  Queen 
Victoria,  "  said  to  be  Mr.  Alfred  Gilbert's 
masterpiece,"  was  presented  to  Hampshire  in 
1887  by  the  late  Mr.  William  Ingham 
Whitaker.  It  was  first  of  all  placed  on 
Castle  Hill,  Winchester,  but,  being  found  an 
obstruction,  was  eventually  relegated  to 
the  Abbey  Gardens.  Thence  it  was  re- 
moved to  the  great  hall,  Winchester  Castle, 
in  April,  1910. 

Sywell,  Northamptonshire. — The  old  vil- 
lage cross  was  restored  and  placed  in  its 
present  position,  east  of  the  church  on  the 
Village  Green,  in  1897.  On  the  base  are  the 
dates  1837  and  1897,  and  on  the  east  side 
is  inscribed  : — 

Restored  in  Commemoration 

of  the  60th  year  of 
the  reign  of  Queen  Victoria. 

The  cost  of  the  work  was  197.  Os.  4d.,  and 
among  the  subscribers  was  his  Majesty  the 
late  King  Edward,  who  was  patron  of  the 
living. 

Portsmouth. — In  front  of  the  Town  Hall 
is  a  statue  of  Queen  Victoria  by  Mr.  Alfred 
Drury,  A.R.A.  It  was  erected  by  public 
subscription,  and  on  the  pedestal  is  inscribed  : 

Victoria 
Regina 

et 

Imperatrix 
1837-1901. 

Liverpool. — An  equestrian  statue  of  Queen 
Victoria  stands  in  St.  George's  Place.  It 
was  modelled  by  the  late  Thomas  Thorny- 
croft,  aind  cost  6,0007.  The  inscription 
records  that  it  was  erected  by  the  Corporation 
of  Liverpool  in  the  thirty-fourth  year  of  her 
Majesty's  reign,  and  she  is  designated 
"  Victoria,  D.G.  Regina,  F.D."  The  statue 
waa  unveiled  on  3  November,  1871. 

St.  Peter  Port,  Guernsey. — To  the  north 
of  the  town  stands  the  Victoria  Tower, 


constructed  in  1848  to  commemorate  the- 
visit  of  the  Queen  and  Prince  Albert  in  1846> 
It  is  built  of  red  granite,  and  cost  1,8007. 
The  height  of  the  tower  is  100  feet,  and  it 
tands  322  feet  above  sea-level. 

St.  Helier,  Jersey. — "  Erige  par  le  peuple,'* 
a  statue  of  Queen  Victoria  stands  at  the- 
head  of  the  harbour.  It  is  the  work  of 
M.  Wallet,  and  was  inaugurated  in  1890. 

Bath. — In  the  presence  of  the  Princess; 
Victoria,  the  Victoria  Park  was  opened  in 
1830,  and  in  1837  an  obelisk,  known  as  the 
Victoria  Column,  was  placed  therein  in 
commemoration  of  her  Majesty's  enthrone- 
ment. 

St.  Leonards-on-Sea. — A  bronze  statue  of 
Queen  Victoria  stands  near  the  front  of 
Warrior  Square.  It  was  modelled  by  F.  J. 
Williamson,  and  on  the  south  side  of  the 
pedestal  is  inscribed  : — 

Victoria  R.I. 
1837-1901. 

Rugby. — A  clock  tower  was  erected  in  the- 
Market- Place  in  1888  at  a  cost  of  about 
5007.  It  was  built  by  Messrs.  Parnell  &  Sons 
from  designs  by  Mr.  Goodacre,  of  Leicester. 
The  clock  was  presented  by  Mr.  A.  S.  Benn. 
On  the  north  side  is  the  following  inscrip- 
tion : — 

Erected 
by  the 

Town  and  Neighbourhood  of  Rugby 

to  commemorate  the  fiftieth  anniversary 

of  Queen  Victoria's  accession 

1887. 

Aberdeen. — The  statue  of  Queen  Victoria 
is  erected  at  the  corner  of  Union  Street  and 
St.  Nicholas  Street.  It  is  of  bronze  from 
the  model  of  the  late  C.  B.  Birch,  A.R.A.r 
being  the  gift  of  the  royal  tradesmen  to 
the  city  at  the  Queen's  Jubilee. 

A  marble  statue  of  the  Queen  occupied 
the  same  site  previously,  having  been  nn 
veiled  by  the  late  King  Edward  VII.  (then 
Prince  of  Wales)  in  1866.  This  was  the 
work  of  Mr.  Alexander  Brodie,  an  Aberdeen 
man.  It  exhibited  signs  of  decay,  and  for 
better  protection  was  removed  to  the 
vestibule  of  the  Town  Hall  in  1888. 

Harrogate.  —  Queen     Victoria's      statre 
occupies  a  position  in   Station    Square, 
is    the   work    of    Mr.  Webber,    of   London, 
and  was  erected  in  1887.      Alderman  Ellis, 
J.P.,  the  Mayor    for    that    year,  presents 
the  statue  to  his  native  town,  and  it  was  un- 
veiled by  the  Marquis  of  Ripon  on  6  Octoberr 
1887. 

Southport. — In  the  Municipal  Gardensr 
opposite  the  Art  Gallery,  is  erected  a 


n  s.  ii.  NOV.  1-2,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


383' 


memorial  statue  of  Queen  Victoria.  It  is  of 
bronze  irom  the  model  of  Mr.  George  Framp- 
ton,  R.A.,  and  its  cost  was  defrayed  by 
public  subscription. 

Hove,  Brighton. — In  the  Grand  Avenue  is 
the  Jubilee  statue  of  Queen  Victoria  by 
Mr.  Thomas  Brock,  R.A.  At  the  foot  of  the 
pedestal  is  inscribed  as  follows  : — 

Erected 

by  the  Inhabitants  of  Hove 

to  commemorate  the  Fiftieth  Anniversary 

of  the  accession  of 

Queen  Victoria 

June  20,  A.D.  1887. 

Sheffield.— The  statue  of  Queen  Victoria 

occupies  a  position  in  Fargate,  near  the  Town 

Hall.     It  is  the  work  of  Mr.  Alfred  Turner, 
i    On   two   sides   of   the   pedestal   are   seated 

figures  representative  of  Work  &nd  Maternity. 

The  cost  was  3,OOOZ. 

The    site    of    the    statue    was    originally 

occupied   by    a   monolith   erected   to    com- 
j    m'emorate     the     1887     Jubilee.      This    was 

removed  in  1904  to  a  position  in  Endcliffe 

Park. 

I  take  this  opportunity  of  thanking 
several  kind  friends  who  have,  in  response 
to  my  request  at  the  last  reference,  sent 
me  information  I  asked  for.  I  have  already 
personally  acknowledged  all  communications 
accompanied  by  an  address. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

In  1847  (I  speak  from  memory)  Queen 
Victoria  and  the  Prince  Consort  visited 
Dundee,  journeying  thereto  on  the  royal 
yacht.  A  memorial  of  the  visit  was  erected 
in  the  form  of  a  triple  arch,  with  Latin 
inscription  over.  The  centre  and  largest 
opening  is  for  vehicular  traffic  to  one  of  the 
quays,  and  the  smaller  ones  serve  for  pedes- 
trians. I  have  seen  several  engravings, 
both  coloured  and  plain,  of  that  part  of  the 
procession  showing  the  principal  dignitaries. 

C.  S.  BTJRDON. 

MB.  PAGE  (ante,  p.  243)  asks  for  particulars 
of  the  statue  of  Sir  Henry  Edwards  at  Wey- 
mouth.  It  stands  at  the  landward  end  of  the 
pier,  and  represents  him  in  modern  habili- 
ments, holding  a  roll  of  papers  in  one  hand. 
As  a  likeness  it  is  wonderfully  correct,  but 
older  than  I  knew  him  45  years  ago.  Sir 
Henry  Edwards  was  a  great  benefactor  to 
Wfymouth,  and  left  large  sums  of  money  to 
Ins  old  constituents.  Two  beautiful  blocks 
of  almshouses  were  built  and  endowed  by 
him  for  reduced  tradesmen  and  others. 
Also  his  memory  is  perpetuated  by  a  dinner 


in  the  Jubilee  Hall  given  annually  to  the 
aged  poor  of  Weymouth.  His  ashes  lie- 
in  the  cemetery  under  a  column  made  of 
Aberdeen  granite. 

The  statue,  which  is  notable  as  having 
been  erected  in  the  lifetime  of  the  person 
represented,  bears  the  following  inscription : 

"Erected  by  public  subscription,  A.D.  1886,  to- 
perpetuate  the  memory  of  the  public  services,, 
munilicent  charity,  and  private  worth  of  Sir  Henry 
Edwards,  M.P.,  one  of  the  representatives  of  Wey- 
mouth and  Melcombe  Regis  in  the  House  of 
Commons  from  1867  to  1885,  when  the  town  ceased 
to  be  a  Parliamentary  borough." 

Sir  H.  Edwards,  who  was  76  when  he  died 
in  February,  1897,  .was  an  oil  and  linseed 
broker  in  the  City  of  London,  trading  under 
the  name  of  Messrs.  Edwards,  Eastty  & 
Ashton.  I  was  well  acquainted  with  him  in 
my  early  life.  His  generosity  to  the  town 
of  Weymouth  will  make  him  long  remem- 
bered there.  WILLIAM  MERCER. 

I  paid  a  special  visit  to  Addington  Parkr 
Surrey,  to  obtain  an  authentic  copy  of  the 
inscription  on  the  Jubilee  Memorial  to  George 
III.  for  which  MR.  PAGE  asks  (ante,  p.  242). 
It  is  as  follows  : — 

Cedrum  huic  lapidi  conterminam 

posuit 

Carolus  Manners  Sutton 

Cantuariensis  Archiepiscopus 

anno  redemptionis  MDCCCIX 

die  Octobris  xxv 

quo  die  fausto  et  felici 

annum  regni  quinquagesimum 

ingressns  est 

Georgius  Tertius 

Britanniarum  Rex 

Justus  clemens  pius 

populo  suo  quantum  amatus 

longe  lateque  illustravit 

festus  ille  dies, 
et  si  quis  alms  pater 
patriae  amantissimus. 

The  monument,  which  is  of  alabaster,  and 
about  seven  feet  high,  bears  no  other  in- 
scription whatever. 

A.  REGINALD  PRYCE. 


PHILIP    TRAHERNE. 

IN  my  edition  of  Thomas  Traherne's  '  Poems 
of  Felicity '  for  the  "  Tudor  and  Stuart 
Library  "  I  have  collected  such  facts  con- 
cerning his  brother  Philip  and  the  latter' s 
son  Thomas  as  I  had  discovered.  The  Rev. 
F.  E.  Hutchinson  of  King's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, has  kindly  communicated  a  few 
notes,  which  I  received  too  late  to  incorporate 
in  the  volume,  and  which  I  may  perhaps 
be  allowed  to  record  here. 


384 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  1-2, 1910. 


On  p.  xv  I  state,  referring  to  Pearson, 
that  Traherne  was  created  B.D.  of  Cam- 
bridge by  royal  mandate  in  December,  1669. 
'The  entry  in  '  Graduati  Cantabrigienses ' 
•quoted  on  p.  x  gives  1670  as  the  year. 
Mr.  Hutchinson,  who  has  consulted  the 
original  records,  informs  me  that  though  the 
warrant  is  dated  30  December,  1669,  yet 
Traherne  was  not  actually  admitted  till 
26  February,  1669/70.  The  warrant,  as 
stated  by  Pearson,  gives  the  name  as  '*  Philip 
Traheron  "  ;  in  Traherne's  own  signature  on 
admission  (which  is,  says  Mr.  Hutchinson, 
very  close  indeed  to  that  reproduced  in  the 
second  plate  in  'Poems  of  Felicity')  the 
same  form  is  given.  In  the  warrant  occur 
the  words  "  in  regard  he  is  chosen  by  the 
Turky  Company  to  be  their  Preacher  at 
Smyrna  in  Asia."  This  is  somewhat  curious, 
:  since  Traherne  was  not  "  heard  preach  " 
till  21  April,  1670,  nor  appointed  till  1  August 
of  the  same  year  ;  but  he  was  recommended 
for  Smyrna  on  15  November,  1669,  and  it 
was  apparently  assumed  that  the  Company 
would  appoint  him. 

Regarding  Thomas  Traherne  the  younger 
Mr.  Hutchinson  quotes  from  Anthony 
Allen's  MS.  catalogue  of  the  Provosts,  &c., 
of  King's  College  the  following  entry  (vol.  iv. 
p.  1976),  which  supplements  the  passage 
published  by  me  on  p.  xx  : — 

"  Anno  1700.  Thomas  Traheron  born  at  Hinton 
Merton  [sic]  in  the  County  of  Dorset  son  of  the 
Revd  Mr  Traheron.  Was  admitted  Scholar 
April  10th  1701  upon  the  Preferment  of  the  Revd  Mr 
.John  Horsnell  of  the  year  1673.  Fellow  A.M. 
Master  of  King's  College  Free  School  in  Cambridge. 
He  died  at  College  in  the  said  Office  of  the  small 
Pox  Dec.  3  1710  and  lies  Deposited  behind  the  Com- 
munion Table  in  King's  College  Chappel  a  Sober 
and  Industrious  Man  my  Chamber  Fellow." 

The  statement  as  to  Traherne's  place  of 
burial  is  confirmed  by  Har wood's  '  Alumni 
Etonenses,'  p.  284  ("  behind  the  Altar  "),  to 
which  Mr.  Hutchinson  referred  me.  There 
are  no  stones  with  names  inscribed  in  that 
position  at  present,  but  it  is  known  that  the 
floor  was  entirely  reconstructed  about  1776. 
Mr.  Hutchinson'  says  that  he  is  unable  to 
find  elsewhere  in  the  chapel  any  inscription 
to  Thomas  Traherne. 

I  should  like,  in  conclusion,  to  correct  a 
slip  on  p.  vii.  I  state  that  the  volume  con- 
tains thirty-eight  new  poems,  and  add  in  a 
note  "  Thirty -nine  including  the  cancelled 
one  on  p.  146."  This  note,  which  was  added 
as  an  afterthought,  is  inaccurate.  The 
total  number  is  thirty-eight  ;  I  forgot,  when 
writing  the  note,  that  I  had  included  the 
•cancelled  poem  in  the  original  number. 

H.  I.  B. 


"SHARK":    ITS   DERIVATION. 

IT  seems  to  be  generally  accepted  that  the 
name  of  the  ravenous  fish  is  a  transferred 
use  of  the  Tudor  "  shark,"  a  greedy  parasite. 
Prof.  Skeat  ('  Etym.  Diet.,'  4th  ed.,  Oxford, 
1910)  regards  the  verb  "  to  shark  "  as  the 
original,  and  accepts  derivation  of  the  latter 
from  O.F.  cherquier,  Picard  form  of  chercher, 
to  search.  This  is  practically  what  we  find 
in  Skinner's  '  Etymologicon  '  (London,  1671). 
Prof.  Skeat  mentions  the  proposed  alter- 
native derivation  from  G.  Schurke,  rogue, 
but  considers  the  difference  of  vowels 
against  it.  This  second  derivation  is  that 
of  Francis  Junius  in  his  '  Etymologicum 
Anglicanum '  (ed.  Lye,  Oxford,  1743). 
Since  these  two  fathers  of  English  etymology, 
no  one  appears  to  have  tackled  the  word  in 
question. 

I  should  like  to  point  out  that  there  is 
something  to  be  said  for  Junius  from  the 
semantic  point  of  view,  while  a  good  deal 
might  be  said  against  Skinner's  assumption 
that  a  particular  dialect  form  of  a  French 
transitive  verb  should  have  become  in 
English  an  intransitive  verb,  in  a  sense  in 
which  its  French  original  is  not  recorded. 
Junius  is  worth  quoting  in  full : — 

"Shark,  galeus  piscis.  Belgis  schrocken  est  avide 
vorare,  schrockbalg,  helluo,  schrock,  xchorck, 
schurck,  aeruscator,  qui  victum  preestigiis  falla- 
ciisque  undiquaque  corradit.  G.  excroc  et  Italis 
scrocco  nuncupatur  is,  qui  malis  artibus  vitse  sus- 
tentandse  prsesidia  conquirit.  Etiam  .scroccare  et 
manyiar  a  scrocco  Italis  est  aliena  quadra  vivere. 
Academici  de  la  Crusca  scroccare  exponunt  '  haver 
qualche  utile  6  piacere  senza  spesa,  u  alle  spese 
d'altrui.'" 

It  is  uncertain  whether  all  these  words  are 
related.  F.  escroc  is  certainly  from  It. 
scrocco,  and  has  rather  superseded  the  older 
F.  term  ecornifleur,  earlier  "  escornifleur, 
a  base  pickthanke  or  parasite  ;  greedy 
feeder,  or  smell-feast  ;  one  that  carries  tales, 
jeastes,  or  newes  from  house  to  house,  thereby 
to  get  victualls  "  (Cotgrave).  Diez  (p.  298) 
has  no  hesitation  in  identifying  the  It.  word 
with  Du.  schrock,  glutton,  which  may,  how- 
ever, be  a  loan-word  from  F.,  and  derives 
the  It.  from  G.  Schurke,  O.H.G.  scurgo. 
He  also  quotes  the  It.  derivative  scorcone 
from  Veneroni.  This  I  have  found  some- 
what earlier  (Torriano).  Kluge  does  not 
mention  the  Romance  or  Du.  words  s 
Schurke,  a  word  which  does  not  occur  before 
the  sixteenth  century,  but  is  probablv 
identical  with  O.H.G.  fir-scurgo,  a  term  of 
contempt.  Franck  gives  schrok  and  schrok- 
ken  as  early  Mod.  Du.  words  of  unknown 
origin.  Schrock  is  in  Hexhum  (1672)  and 


i 


ii  B.  ii.  NOV.  12,  loio.j      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


385 


Sewel  (1727),  but  not  in  Kilian  (1620).  This 
looks  as  if  it  might  be  an  It.  word  introduced 
into  the  Netherlands  during  the  wars  of  the 
sixteenth  century. 

Whether  scrocco  and  Schurke  are  the  same 
word  or  not,  they  agree  remarkably  in  sense 
with  the  earliest  meaning  of  E.  shark.  The 
It.  word  is  not  in  Florio  (1598),  but  Torriano 
(1659)  has  it  with  numerous  derivatives,  e.g.: 

"  Scroccagine,  scroccaria,  *croccheria,  shifting  or 
sharking  for  anything,  namely,  for  victuals." 

"Scroccante,  «croccatore,  scrocchiante,  xcroccolone, 
xcroccoiriante,  a  cunning  shifter  or  sharker  for  any- 
thing, namely  for  victuals,  a  tall  trencherman,  a 
smell-feast,  a  feeder  at  other  mens  tables  or  cost." 

"Scroccare,  scrocchegyiare,  scrocchiaare,  xcrocconare, 
»croccolare,...to  -shark  or  shift  for  anything." 

"Scrocco,  *crocchio,...a,ny  wily  shift  or  sharking 
for.'' 

"  Scroccone,  as  tcroccante." 

"  X  cor  cone,  as  scroccone." 

Altieri  (1751)  and  Baretti  (1760)  both 
render  scrocco  by  sharking.  The  F.  escroc 
is  not  in  Cotgrave,  nor  does  he  use 
shark  under  any  of  the  words  where  one 
would  expect  to  find  it.  Nor  is  escroc 
in  Miege  (1679);  but  Boyer  (1702)  has 
"  Escroc,  a  shark,  sharper,  or  a  spunger, 
one  that  is  upon  the  catch."  He 
also  uses  "  shark  "  in  rendering  escroquer, 
i  escroquer  ie,  escroqueur.  Cramer  (17  12)  renders 
1  escroc  by  Schurck.  The  Du.  dictionaries  do 
not  help  much.  Sewel  has  "  schurk,  a 
fihrirk,  a  rascal  "  ;  but,  as  Prof.  Skeat  points 
out,  "  this  is  merely  a  translation,  not  an 
identification."  In  Lud  wig's  '  Dictionary, 
Kntilish,  Germane,  and  French  '  (Leipzig, 
1706)  I  find  "  shirk,  to  shirk,  &c.  See 
shark,  to  shark,  &c.,"  and 


,  ein  grosser  meerhund,  ein  grosser,  frassiger 
inei-rfisch  ;  ein  spitzbube,  ein  kipper,  geldschinder, 
schurcke,  schmarotzer,  einer  der  sich  nur  von 
demjenigen  erhalt,  was  er  ertappen  kann  ;  le  goulu 
de  mer  ;  excrete,  parasite.'' 

A  I  mat  the  same  date,  in  a  '  Dictionary  of  the 
Canting  Crew/  by  B.  E.,  Gent.  (1690), 
uccurs  '  shurk,  a  sharper." 

Ludwig's  '  Teutsch-Englisches  Lexicon  ' 
(Leipzig,  1716)  has  "Schurck,  a  shark, 
sharper,  rook,  rake,  rogue,  rascal,  villain, 
cheat,  or  spunger  ;  a  sharking  fellow  ;  a 
scurvy  fellow." 

I  do  not  see  any  great  difficulty  in  Schurk 
becoming  "  sherk  "  (given  by  Skinner  as 
alternative  form  of  "shark"),  "shirk" 
Skeat),  or  "shurk"  (v.s.)  ;  and  this 
would  naturally  give  "  shark"  ;  cf.  "  clerk.  " 
The  presumable  date  of  its  introduction 
(sixteenth  century)  is  in  favour  of  its  having 
i-«  >iiic  from  the  Netherlands. 


The  shark,  fish,  seems  to  have  been  very 
vaguely  identified  in  Europe,  at  any  rate 
by  landsmen.  Cotgrave  is  very  hazy  about 
it.  He  gives  "  requien,  a  certaine  ravenous, 
rough-skinned,  and  wide-mouthed  fish, 
which  is  good  meat  "  ;  "  chien  de  mer,  the 
sea-hound,  or  dog-fish,  that  (somewhat) 
resembles  a  lamprey "  ;  and  "  tiburon,  a 
kind  of  sea-calf e,  in  the  Indian  sea."  Oudin 
(1660)  gives  "requien,  cierto  pece."  Even 
Veneroni  (1714)  can  do  no  better  than 
"  requien,  spetie  de  pesce,  eine  Art  von 
Fischen,  piscis  genus."  The  word  is,  how- 
ever, in  Florio  (s.v.  citaro),  and  is  used  by 
Nashe  ('Lenten  Stuffe'),  "a  shark  or 
tubero."  So  also  in  the  Hawkins  Voyages 
(Hakluyt  Society,  1878)  "Many  sharks  or 
Tuberons  "  (p.  22),  "  the  shark,  or  tiberune, 
is  a  fish  like  unto  those  which  wee  call 
dogge-fishes,  but  that  he  is  farre  greater  " 
(p.  150).  Oudin  gives  "  tiburon,  certain 
poisson  de  mer  plus  grand  qu'un  gros  chien 
mastin,  et  de  la  forme,  qui  devore  toutes- 
choses."  ERNEST  WEEKLEY. 

Nottingham. 


AVIATION  :  DEATHS  OF  PIONEER  AIRMEN.. 
— In  years  to  come,  when  aeroplanes  will 
probably  be  as  much  in  use  as  motor-cars 
are  now,  the  brave  men  who  have  lost 
their  lives  in  attempting  to  show  the  possi- 
bilities of  aviation  will,  it  is  to  be  hoped,  b& 
remembered  with  gratitude.  The  following 
list  of  heroes  who  have  thus  perished,  taken 
from  The  Daily  Telegraph  of  the  28th  of 
September,  deserves  a  permanent  note  in 
'N.  &  Q.'  :— 

Sept.    17,    1908.  —  Lieutenant    Selfridge,    United 
States   Army,    killed   while   flying   with   Mr, 
Orville  Wright,  near  Washington. 
Sept.  7,  1909. — M.  E.  Lefebvre,  Juvisy,  France.. 
Sept.  7,  1909. — Signer  E.  Rossi,  Rome. 
Sept.  22,   1909. — Captain  Ferber,  French  Army. 

Boulogne. 

Dec.  6.  1909. — Serior  A.  Fernandez,  Nice. 
Jan.  4,  1910. — M.  Leon  Delagrange,  Bordeaux. 
April  2,  1910. — M.  H.  Le  Blon,  San  Sebastian. 
May   13,    1910. — M.   Chauvette  Michelin,   Lyonsr 

France. 

June  2,  1910. — M.  Zosily,  Buda-Pesth. 
June   17,   1910.— Mr.   Eugene  Speyer,  San  Fran- 
cisco. 
June    18,    1910. — Herr   Thaddeus    Robl,   Stettinr 

Germany. 
July    4,     19lO. — M.    Charles    Wnchter,    Rheims,. 

France. 

July  10,  1910.— M.  Daniel  Kinet,  Ghent. 
July  12,  1910. — The  Hon.  Charles  Rolls,  Bourne- 
mouth. 
July  13,  1910. — Herr  Oscar  Erbsloeh,  Leichlingen,. 

Germany. 
Aug.  3,  1910.— M.  Nicholas  Kinet,  Liege,  Belgium, 


'386 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  12,  1910. 


.Aug.  3,  1910. — Dr.  C.  Walden,  Long  Island,  near 

New  York. 
.Aug.  20,  1910. — Lieutenant  Pasqua,  Italian  Army, 

near  Rome. 
Aug.    27,     1910. — M.    van    Maasdyk,    Arnheim, 

Holland. 

iSept.  24,  1910. — M.  Fontenelle,  Maubeuge,  France. 
.Sept.  25,  1910. — M.  Poillot,  near  Chartres,  France. 
.Sept.  27,  1910. — M.  Chavez,  Domodossola,  Italy. 

On  26  October  the  list  was  reprinted  in 
Thz    Daily    Teleg  aph,    four    more    deaths 
Jiaving  occurred  during  the  interval : — 
Oct.  2,  1910. — Herr  Heinrich  Haas,  near  Metz. 
Oct.     7,     1910. — Captain     Matsievitch,     Russian 

Army,  St.  Petersburg. 
>Oct.   23,    1910. — Captain  Madiot,   French   Army. 

near  Douai. 
Oct.    25,    1910. — Lieut.    Mente,    German    Army, 

Magdeburg. 

On  Friday,  the  28th  of  October,  The  Daily 
'Telegraph  again  reprinted  the  list,  two  more 
names  having  to  be  added  to  the  sad  record  : — 
'Oct.  26. — M.  F.  Blanchard,  near  Paris. 
Oct.  27. — Lieutenant  G.  Sagliette,  Italian  Army, 

Centoselle  near  Rome. 

The  name  of  M.  Fontenelle,  which  was  in- 
cluded in  the  first  list  under  Sept.  24,  1910, 
was  absent  from  the  second  list,  the  report 
of  his  death,  which  appeared  in  nearly  all 
the  French  papers,  having  fortunately  proved 
unfounded. 

I  am  also  courteously  informed  by  The 
Daily  Telegraph  that,  should  it  be  necessary  to 
reprint  the  list,  the  name  of  Herr  O.  Erbsloeh 
(July  13,  1910)  will  be  omitted,  as  his  death 
was  caused  by  an  accident  to  his  dirigible 
balloon,  and  the  list  is  intended  to  be  con- 
fined to  aeroplanes.  Even  with  these  changes 
the  deaths  number  twenty -six.  A.  N.  Q. 

"  EVERYTHING  COMES  TO  HIM  WHO  KNOWS 
HOW  TO  WAIT." — The  Times  of  26  October 
contained  the  following  : — 

'"ALL  THINGS  COME— .'—Mr.  E.  D.  Till  writes 
from  Eynsford  : — '  Do  you  or  any  of  your  readers 
know  who  originated  the  saying  "  All  things  come 
in  time  to  him  who  knows  how  to  wait"?  I  am 
told  it  was  used  on  remarkable  occasions  by  both 
Disraeli  and  Thiers,  and  1  find  it  is  at  least  as  old 
as  September  10, 1571.  In  a  recent  visit  to  the  Beau- 
champ  Tower  I  discovered  the  saying  cut  in  the 
stone  wall  of  the  cell  in  which  Charles  Bailly  was 
imprisoned.  He  was  detected  at  Dover  smuggling 
correspondence  for  Mary  Queen  of  Scots.  The 
charasters  are  carved  with  beautiful  precision  ;  he 
remarks  that  it  is  not  adversity  kills  men,  but 
the  "  want  of  patience  under  adversity,"  and 
then  in  old  French  "  Tout  vient  a  poient  quy 
peult  attendre."  Probably  the  poor  man's  suspense 
terminated  in  suspension,  but  history  does  not  tell 
us  his  precise  fate.'  %*  Our  correspondent's 
surmise  appears  to  be  unfounded ;  for,  according  to 
"the  '  Dictionary  of  National  Biography,'  Bailly  was 
released  about  1573.  He  died  in  1625,  in  his  85th 
year,  and  was  buried  at  Hulpe,  near  Brussels." 


This  was  supplemented  on  29  October  by 
the  following : — 

"  *  ALL  THINGS  COME.— .'—Sir  E.  Brabrook  writes 
with  reference  to  Mr.  Till's  letter  published  on 
Wednesday  : — '  A  1'aventure  tout  vient  a  point  ijui 
sait  attendre '  is  the  motto  on  the  beautiful  printer's 
mark  of  Denis  Roce,  who  nourished  at  Paris  about 
1510.  It  is  not  likely  that  he  invented  it." 

WM.  H.  PEET. 

[Bailly  probably  remembered  Rabelais.  Messrs. 
Harbottle  and  Dalbiac  in  their  '  Dictionary  of 
Quotations:  French,3  1908  ed.,3 give  :  "'Tout  vient 


Premices,  Epigramme  37.'"] 

LADIES'  HATS  IN  THEATRES,  1838. — I 
extract  the  following  from  Figaro  in  London, 
3  December,  1838,  dealing  with  the  produc- 
tion of  '  Nicholas  Nickleby  '  at  the  City  of 
London  Theatre  : — 

"  By  the  bye,  we  think  it  rather  a  tax  to  compel 
every  lady  to  leave  her  bonnet  in  the  saloon,  or 
preclude  her  from  entering  the  boxes,  on  the  score 
of  decorum,  especially  where  glasses  of  hot  Brandy 
and  water  arej>ermitted  to  find  their  way  into  the 
dress  circle.  It  is  bad  taste,  and  the  sooner  it  is 
altered  the  better." 

S.  J.  A.  F. 

CASANOVA  IN  ENGLAND.  (See  10  S.  viii. 
443,  491;  ix.  116;  xi.  437.)— Writing  at 
8  S.  xi.  243,  MB.  RICHARD  EDGCUMBE  says : 
"It  is  not  possible  to  fix  the  precise  date  of 
Casanova's  departure  from  London — pro- 
bably in  the  middle  of  October,  1763— 
after  a  residence  of  some  four  or  five  months." 
The  adventurer,  however,  must  have  re- 
mained in  London  much  longer  than  this, 
for  he  tells  us  that  towards  the  end  of 
February,  1764,  he  went  to  "  The  Canon 
Tavern  "  ('  Memoires,'  Paris,  Gamier  Freres, 
1888,  vol.  vii.  p.  60).  Again,  in  the  same 
edition  of  his  '  Memoirs,'  Casanova  tells 
us  that  he  was  arrested  on  the  night  of  the 
ball  given  at  Madame  Cornelys's  in  Soho 
Square  to  the  Prince  of  Brunswick  at  the 
time  of  his  marriage  to  Princess  August! 
Contemporary  newspapers  show  that  i 
entertainment  took  place  on  Tuesday, 
24  January,  1764.  Casanova  makes  the  mis- 
take of  saying  that  it  was  Sunday  night 
('  Memoires,'  1888  ed.,  vol.  vi.  p.  555). 

I  have  not  been  able  to  discover  the  para 
graph  which  Casanova  declares  was  printed 
in  The  St.  James's  Chronicle  describing  his 
appearance  before  Sir  John  Fielding, 
own  name,   he   says,   is   designated  by  < 
initial  only,  but  the  names  of  two  witness 
Rostaing  and  Bottarelli,  appear  in  full. 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY, 


n  s.  ii.  NOV.  12,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


-387 


LONDON  STREET  CRIES.  (See  10  S.  vi.  249, 
335,  434.)— I  fancy  that  these  still  flourish 
vigorously  in  some  parts,  though  banished 
from  the  more  aristocratic  residential  quarters 
of  the  town.  MR.  CECIL  CLARKE'S  note, 
<ante,  p.  144,  prompts  me  to  put  on  record 
those  I  can  remember  to  have  heard  during 
the  past  year  or  two  at  Netting  Hill,  in 
.addition  to  the  "  Sweet  Lavender "  men- 
tioned by  him  : — 

"  Chairs  and  baskets  to  mend." 

'•  Clothes  props  "  (a  very  musical  one). 

"  Knives  to  grind  "  (consisting of  an  enumeration, 
•e.g.,  carving-knives,  pocket-knives,  &c.). 

"Old  iron  "(these  two  words  given  with  a  kind 
of  metallic  ring). 

"Rabbits"  (pronounced  "Ra-a-beet"). 

"Sweep." 

W.  R.  B.  PRIDEAUX. 

"  CHERUBIN  "  OR  "  CHERUBIM."  (See 
•ante,  p.  340.) — The  history  of  the  former 
word  is  not  quite  exhaustively  treated  in 
the  '  N.E.D.'  s.v.  '  Cherub,'  for  there  is  no 
reference  to  the  Aramaic  masc.  pi.  termina- 
tion -in,  which  fully  accounts  for  that  form 
in  other  languages.  J.  T.  F. 

Durham. 

Cgmrus. 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

CAPT.  CROSSTREE. — In  connexion  with  the 
courtiers  of  King  Alcinous  in  Homer's 
*  Odyssey,'  the  Rev.  Lucas  Collins  remarks 
that  their  significantly  nautical  names — 
Prow-man  and  Stern-man,  and  the  like — 
are  "  as  palpably  conventional  as  our  own 
Tom  Bowline  and  Capt.  Crosstree"  ('Odyssey,' 
p.  48,"  Ancient  Classics  for  English  Readers" ). 
Tom  Bowline  or  Bowling  is  of  course  the 
"  darling  of  our  crew  "  in  Dibdin's  famous 
sea-song,  and  he  also  figures  in  '  Roderick 
Random.'  But  who  was  Capt.  Crosstree  ? 
Evidently  he  is  some  nautical  character  in 
some  popular  book  of  fiction,  but  I  cannot 
find  any  clue  to  his  identity.  P.  C.  G. 

Calcutta. 

QUAKER  DEPUTATION  TO  THE  TZAR 
NICHOLAS  IN  1854. — Several  recent  writers 
—among  them  Lord  Wolseley — have  given 
circulation  to  the  story  that  the  Tsar 
Nicholas  was  misled  by  the  Quaker  deputa- 
tion as  to  the  state  of  public  opinion  in 
England,  and  Kinglake  suggests  that  he 
was  afterwards  indignant  at  having  been 
so  misled.  When  challenged,  Lord  Wolseley 


was  unable  to  show  any  evidence  in  support 
of  his  story,  which  is  inconsistent  with  the 
published  "record  of  the  interview.  As  I 
believe,  however,  that  the  legend  is  still 
current,  I  shall  be  obliged  if  any  of  your 
readers  can  tell  me  on  what  grounds  it  rests. 

JOSEPH  STURGE. 
447,  Hagley  Road,  Edgbaston,  Birmingham. 

COLONIALS  IN  THE  HOUSE  or  COMMONS. — 
Can  any  instance  be  given  of  a  Colonial-born 
Englishman  sitting  as  a  member  of  the  House 
of  Commons  earlier  than  that  of  Sir  Robert 
Davers,  born  in  Barbados  in  1653  ?  The 
following  details  of  him  are  given  by  Mr. 
G.  E.  Cokayne  (Clarenceux  King-of-Arms) 
in  his  '  Baronetage  '  : — 

"  Succeeded  to  the  Baronetcy  in  June,  1684;  was 
elected  Sheriff  of  Suffolk  Deer.,  1684,  but  did  not 
act,  and  came  over  to  England  finally  in  1687  ;  M.P. 
(in  the  Tory  interest)  for  Bury  St.  Edmunds  (six 
Parliaments),  1689-1701,  and  Nov.,  1703,  to  1705; 
for  Suffolk  (six  Parliaments  ),  1705  till  his  death  in 
1722." 

Previously  to  settling  in  England,  Sir  Robert 
Davers  had  sat  in  the  Council  of  Barbados, 
and  been  one  of  the  Barons  of  the  Court  of 
Exchequer  there,  and  a  Judge  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas. 

Joseph  Dudley,  a  New  Englander,  was 
elected  M.P.  for  Newton  in  the  Isle  of  Wight, 
in  1701  ;  but  no  earlier  instance  can  be  found 
in  that  quarter.  It  is,  however,  not  unlikely 
that  some  one  born  in  Virginia,  in  Bermuda, 
or  in  St.  Christopher's  Island,  may  have 
entered  Parliament  before  Sir  Robert  Davers 
did. 

As  Sir  George  Downing  was  not  born  in 
England,  his  case  is  not  one  to  the  point. 

N.  DARNELL  DAVIS. 

Royal  Colonial  Institute. 

'THE  MORNING  POST,'  1781.— MR.  W. 
ROBERTS  mentions,  ante,  p.  205,  that  anec- 
dotes relating  to  Tenducci  may  be  found 
in  The  Morning  Post  of  16  and  28  June,  1781. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  where 
these  numbers  of  The  Morning  Post  may  be 
seen  ?  They  are  not  in  the  British  Museum 
or  at  the  office  of  the  paper.  The  matter  is 
urgent,  and  I  should  be  grateful  for  an  early 
reply.  R.  A.  PEDDIE. 

St.  Bride  Foundation,  Bride  Lane,  E.G. 

BARON  DE  STAEL  IN  SCOTLAND. — Can  any 
reader  give  the  date  when  this  personage 
visited  Scotland  ?  I  find  his  prospective 
visit  to  Edinburgh  alluded  to  in  one  of  Scott's 
unpublished  letters,  but  the  novelist  only 
dates  it  "  Saturday."  G.  WATSON. 


388 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      m  s.  n.  NOV.  12, 1910. 


'GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE':  NUMBERING 
OF  VOLUMES. — The  volume  of  The  Gentle- 
man's Magazine  containing  the  numbers  for 
July  to  December,  1856,  is  styled  on  the 
title-page  "  Volume  I.  of  a  new  [third]  series, 
and  the  two  -  hundred  -  and  -  first  since  the 
commencement."  How  is  the  number  201 
arrived  at  ?  The  previously  issued  volumes 
appear  to  be  : — 

vols. 

First  Series,  Jan.,  1731—  Dec.,  1782,  one  vol. 

per  year 52 

First  Series,  Jan.,  1783 — Dec.,  1833,  two  vols. 

per  year 102 

Second  Series,  Jan.,  1834— June,  1856,  2  vols. 

per  year 45 

P.  J.  ANDEBSON. 
Aberdeen  University  Library. 

CORSTORPHINE  :       CORSTOPITUM. Corstor- 

phine  is  near  Edinburgh,  and  the  Roman 
Corstopitum,  now  Corbridge,  is  on  the  Wall. 
What  is  the  origin  of  these  names  ?  Have 
they  a  common  origin  ?  C.  P.  M. 

[The  Rev.  J.  B.  Johnston  in  the  second  edition  of 
his  '  Place-Names  of  Scotland '  (Edinburgh,  David 
Douglas,  1903)  has  a  long  note  on  Corstorphine, 
which  he  regards  as  the  Gaelic  crois  torr  Jionn, 
"  cross  of  the  clear  (lit.  white)  hill."  He  states  that 
a  cross  formerly  stood  there.  The  earliest  form  of 
the  name  cited  is  Crostorfin,  1147,  and  he  shows 
that  the  transposition  of  r  is  very  common.] 

CLEY-NEXT-THE-SEA  CHURCH  :  "  WOOD- 
VVOSE." — There  is  a  curious  stone  figure 
upon  the  outside  of  the  church  of  Cley- 
next-the-Sea  in  Norfolk,  somewhat  resembling 
that  of  Pan,  with  a  long  beard  and  animal 
hind-legs.  I  have  been  informed  that  this 
is  not  an  uncommon  personification  in 
Norfolk,  being  that  of  a  "  wood-wose," 
or  wild  spirit  of  the  woods,  a  sort  of  English 
faun.  My  informant  told  me  further  that 
these  figures  are  found  in  many  parts  of 
England  upon  armorial  carvings,  as  supporters 
of  coats-of-arms,  but  that  in  Norfolk  the 
idea  of  them  would  seem  to  have  been 
developed  further,  and  that  there  they  fre- 
quently appear  upon  their  own  account, 
more  particularly  upon  the  carving  of  fonts. 
I  have,  however,  been  unable  to  substan- 
tiate this  statement,  or  find  any  reference 
to  a  "  wood-wose  "  in  any  work  which  I  have 
consulted,  either  upon  architectural  carvings 
or  upon  folk-lore.  Can  readers  of  '  N.'&  Q.' 
give  me  any  information  on  the  subject,  or 
direct  me  to  any  work  which  would  be  likely 
to  deal  with  it  ?  K.  E.  CLAYTON. 

Canonry  House,  Peterborough. 

'  THE  POISON  AND  THE  PAINTER  '  :  PHIL 
MAY. — Can  any  of  your  readers  give  me  the 
name  of  the  publisher  of  the  above,  which  is 


illustrated  by  Phil  May  ?  The  copy  I  have 
seen  is  on  poor  paper,  like  that  used  for 
newspapers,  and  about  the  size  of  one  of  the 
illustrated  papers.  It  is  a  description  of  a 
visit  to  Scarborough,  and  the  illustrations- 
contain  portraits  of  local  celebrities. 

ERNEST  F.  DENT. 
44,  Onslow  Square,  S.W. 

"  A  SUNDAY  WELL  SPENT," — The  lines, 

A  Sunday  well  spent 

Brings  a  week  of  content, 
And  health  for  the  toils  of  the  morrow  ; 

But  a  Sabbath  profaned, 

Whatsoe'er  may  be  gained, 
Is  a  certain  forerunner  of  sorrow, 

are  generally  called  Sir  Matthew  HaleTs 
"  Golden  Maxim,"  though  he  did  not  write 
them.  They  are  a  poetical  rendering  of  a 
passage  in  his  letter  to  his  children  '  On 
Keeping  the  Lord's  Day.' 

I  asked  at  10  S.  vi.  88  for  the  name  of  the 
versifier,  but  without  result.  I  hope  that  the 

F  resent  query  may  bring  me  the  information 
desire.  A.  B. 

[The  first  line  is  often  given  as  "  A  Sabbath  well 
spent."] 

AUTHORS     OF     QUOTATIONS     WANTED. — 
Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  where 
I  can  find  the  following  quotation  ? — 
Yonder  starry  sphere 
Of  planets  and  of  fixed,  in  all  her  wheels 
Resembles  nearest,  makes  intricate, 
Eccentric,  intervolved,  yet  regular, 
Then  most,  when  most  irregular  they  seem. 

JAMES  KNOX. 

Unthread  the  rude  eye  of  rebellion 

And  welcome  home  again  discarded  faith. 

T.  M.  STAMP. 
['  King  John,'  V.  iv.  11-12.] 

"  DUMMIE-DAWS." — What  is  the  origin 
of  this  Scotch  term,  and  the  derivation  of 
the  words,  especially  "  daws  "  ?  The  expres- 
sion is  used  for  a  guest-house  in  old  Scotch 
castles,  I  believe,  but  possibly  the  expres- 
sion has  another  meaning.  C.  P.  M. 

'  THE  LAY  OF  ST.  ALOYS.'— The  author  of 
*  The  Ingoldsby  Legends  '  quotes  at  the  head 
of  this  lay  what  purports  to  be  an  extract 
from  the  '  Liber  de  Gloria  Confessorum  '  of 
Gregory  of  Tours  about  an  alleged  miracle 
wrought  by   St.   Aloys,   who  in  the  lay  i 
supposed   to   be   the   Bishop   of   Blois. 
begin  with,  the  Latin  extract  gives  the  name 
of    the    saint    as    S.    Heloius,    who    was,    c 
course,   St.   Eloy  or  Eligius,   and  the  only 
saint  of  that  name  I  know  of  was  Bishop 
of    Noyon-Tournay,    not    Blois.     Moreover, 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  12, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


389 


this  saint  was  only  three  or  four  years 
old  when  the  famous  author  of  the  '  Historia 
Fraiicorum  '  died  ;  and  Aloysius  of  Gonzaga, 
to  the  best  of  my  belief,  was  not  a  bishop. 
So  evidently  we  have  here  one  of  those 
mystifications  in  which  Barham  revelled, 
but  I  am  anxious  to  discover  the  true  Latin 
text,  if  it  exists,  and  the  name  of  the  author. 
Can  any  reader  help  me  ?  L.  L.  K. 

ALEXANDER  GATEHOUSE,  eldest  son  of  Sir 
Thomas  Gatehouse,  Kt.,  of  Wallop,  Hants, 
was  educated  at  Westminster  School  and 
Queen's  College,  Oxford,  where  he  matri- 
culated 19  May,  1768,  aged  17.  Further 
particulars  and  the  date  of  his  death  are 
desired.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

GODFREYS  AT  WESTMINSTER  SCHOOL. — 
William  Duncan  Godfrey  was  admitted  to 
Westminster  School  10  Sept.,  1811.  Robert 
Godfrey,  born  1  Oct.,  1808,  and  James 
Godfrey,  born  4  June,  1809,  were  admitted 
14  Jan.,  1819.  I  should  be  glad  to  obtain 
any  particulars  of  their  parentage  and 
careers.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

GORDONS  AT  WESTMINSTER  SCHOOL. — 
Joseph  Gordon  was  admitted  to  Westminster 
School  12  June,  1781,  and  William  Gordon 
on  20  Oct.,  1806.  William  James  Gordon, 
I  born  16  Nov.,  1808,  and  John  Gordon,  born 
8  March,  1810,  were  admitted  to  the  same 
school  2  July,  1822.  Any  information 
about  these  Gordons  would  be  acceptable. 

G.  F.  R,  B. 

MEREVALE  OR  MERIVALE  ABBEY,  WAR- 
WICKSHIRE.— Can  any  one  tell  me  the  origin 
or  derivation  of  the  above  name  ?  Mira- 
vallis  does  not  seem  very  appropriate. 
Could  it  have  been  called  after  some  settler 
from  Merville  in  Normandy  ?  R.  M. 

Miss  SUMNER  :  MRS.  SKRINE  OR  SKREENE, 
c.  1765.— On  27  May,  1764,  Horace  Walpole 
writes  to  Lord  Hertford  :  "  Mr.  Skreene  has 
married  Miss  Sumner,  and  her  brother  gives 
her  10,OOOZ."  On  29  [sic]  February,  1766,  he 
tells  Sir  Horace  Mann :  "I  suppose  Mr. 
Skreene  is  glad  of  his  consort's  departure. 
She  was  a  common  creature,  bestowed  on 
the  public  by  Lord  Sandwich"  ;  see  'Letters 
of  Horace  Walpole  '  (Toynbee),  vi.  68,  423. 
In  her  Index  Mrs.  Toynbee  writes  the  name 
as  Skrine. 

There  appear  to  be  some  references  in 
The  Town  and  Country  Magazine  to  this 
lady.  In  April,  1770,  it  is  said  : — 

"  Her  [i.e.,  Kitty  Fisher's]  constant  associate  Miss 
S-mn— rs,  afterwards  Mrs.  Sk — ne,  whom  she  intro- 
duced into  all  her  parties,  was  another  great  source 
ot  .entertainment  in  Kitty's  alliances,  as  this  lady 


was  not  only  a  professed  satyrist,  but  a  woman  of 
learning  and  an  excellent  companion.  The  Old 
Soldier  [i.e.,  Sir  John,  afterwards  Viscount, 
Ligonia]  made  up  the  trio." — Vol.  ii.  178. 

Also  it  is  narrated  of  Henry  Howarth,  the 
well-known  barrister  : — 

"  Some  of  the  first  demi-reps  upon  the  ton  were 
said  to  entertain  an  extraordinary  partiality  for 

him.    Amongst  these  were Miss'S-mu-rs,  before 

her  reputation  was  sullied." — Vol.  xii.  121. 

There  is  still  a  third  reference  in  the  same 
magazine,  which  unfortunately  I  have  lost. 

I  can  discover  no  announcement  in  The 
Gent.  Mag.  of  the  marriage  or  death  of  a 
Mrs.  Skrine  or  Skreene  at  the  dates  mentioned 
by  Walpole.  The  Public  Advertiser,  however, 
of  7  March,  1766",  contains  the  following 
paragraph :  "  Last  month  died  at  Rome 
Mrs.  Skreen,  niece  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Sumner.'1 
Was  this  Dr.  Robert  Sumner,  Head  Master 
of  Harrow  ? 

On  10  March,  1783,  Walpole  tells  Mann 
of  the  suicide  of  Mr.  Skrine,  and  this  is 
corroborated  by  The  Gent.  Mag.,  which 
announces  the  death  of  William  Skrine, 
Esq.,  of  Arlington  Street,  on  8  March. 

Is  anything  known  of  Mrs.  Skrine  ?  and 
who  was  the  brother  who  is  said  to  have 
given  her  10,OOOZ.  as  her  dowry  ? 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

INSCRIPTIONS  IN  CITY  CHURCHES  AND 
CHURCHYARDS. — Have  all  the  existing  in- 
scriptions in  the  churches  and  churchyards 
within  the  City  boundaries  ever  been  re- 
corded ?  If  not,  it  would  be  a  task  of  no 
great  magnitude  for  any  one  to  undertake 
who  was  possessed  with  the  zeal  of  the  in- 
dustrious Weever,  had  a  fair  amount  of 
leisure,  and  wras  willing  to  devote  a  few 
shillings  to  the  washing  of  the  dirt-encrusted 
stones  in  the  churchyards  that  have  sur- 
vived. 

The  inscriptions,  recorded  in  the  usual 
contracted  form,  giving  facts  only,  should 
certainly  be  printed.  W.  B.  GERISH. 

[Messrs.  Phillimore  &  Co.  announce  such  a  work 
for  publication  next  week.] 

KING  HARALD  THE  GOLD  BEARD  OF 
SOGN  IN  NORWAY. — Prof.  B.  M.  Olsen  of 
Reykjavik,  Iceland,  has  informed  me  that 
the  name  of  Strugr  existed  as  a  byname  to 
a  son  of  one  of  the  most  illustrious  Nor- 
wegian settlers  in  Iceland.  His  name  was 
Ovar,  and  his  son  was  called  Thorbjorn 
Strugr.  Ovar's  father  was  married  to  the 
daughter  of  the  Norwegian  king  "  Harald 
the  Gold  Beard  "  of  Sogn  in  Norway,  and 
consequently  Thorbjorn  Strugr  was  of  royal 
extraction.  The  name  Strugr  still  exists 


390 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  12, 1910. 


in  the  form  Strugs-Stadir  (in  the  north  of 
Iceland).  Can  any  one  inform  me  if  Harald 
Harfagre,  i.e.,  the  Golden-Haired  or  Fair 
Locks,  who  was  born  A.D.  846,  was  the 
king  here  mentioned  ?  Any  information 
about  this  king  will  oblige. 

W.  HAWKES-STBUGNELL, 
Commander  R.N. 

NAPOLEON  PBINT. — I  possess  a  coloured 
print  of  Napoleon  Bonaparte  (in  a  frame 
more  than  a  century  old),  General  in  Chief 
of  the  Armies  of  Italy,  from  an  original 
drawing  in  the  possession  of  the  Rev. 
J.  Thomas  of  Epsom.  London,  published 
4  Nov.,  1797,  by  John  Harris,  Sweeting's 
Alley,  Cornhill,  and  No.  8,  Broad  Street. 

The  question  is,  How  old  was  Napoleon 
when  the  original  drawing  (or  likeness)  was 
made  ?  He  was  born  on  7  January,  1768, 
at  Ajaccio,  and  registered  under  the  name 
of  Nabuleone. 

1  should  be  thankful  for  information  on  the 
subject  of  this  picture,  which  is  to  be  placed 
in  the  Eynsford  Local  Museum. 

E.  D.  TILL. 

The  Priory,  Eynsford,  Kent. 


PLANTAGENET  TOMBS  AT 

FONTEVRAULT. 
(11  S.  ii.  184,  223,  278,  332,  356.) 

INASMUCH  as  it  seems  to  be  likely,  from 
what  MB.  W.  S.  COBDEB  says,  that  the 
plaster  copies  of  the  Plantagenet  effigies 
at  the  Crystal  Palace  were  not  made  from 
casts  taken  from  the  actual  figures,  there 
can  be  no  other  source  for  their  repro- 
duction than  the  beautiful  and  faithful  etch- 
ings to  scale  by  Charles  Stothard  in  his 
4  Monumental  Effigies.'  It  is  true  that  such 
process  of  reproduction  may  have  been  a 
tedious  one,  but  with  these  accurate  draw- 
ings, a  few  general  measurements,  and 
sketches  of  the  draped  biers  upon  which  the 
figures  repose,  the  matter  should  have 
presented  little  difficulty  to  a  skilful  hand. 
Moreover,  Stothard  in  his  smaller  and 
minutely  etched  plate  gives  the  original 
colours  of  the  vestments  of  all  the  figures  ; 
and  he  states  that  the  shaven  faces  of 
Henry  II.  and  Richard  I.  are  stippled  like  a 
miniature,  showing  the  shorn  beard  just  as 
we  see  it  in  the  shaven  face  of  the  warlike 
Wenemaer  (who  died  in  1325)  in  his  brass  at 


Ghent,  and  in  that  of  William  de  Ermine 
of  1401  in  the  brass  at  Castle  Ashby. 

But  the  reproductions  of  the  Fontevraud 
effigies  from  drawings  are  not  the  only 
instances  of  the  practical  use  of  such 
authorities.  In  1773  my  maternal  grand- 
father, Thomas  Kerrich,  made  a  series 
of  drawings  of  many  of  the  early  French 
effigies,  then  unmutilated,  in  the  churches 
of  the  Dominicans  and  the  Cordeliers  in 
Paris.  These  drawings,  of  great  accuracy 
and  beauty,  with  details  to  a  larger  size,  were 
bequeathed  to  the  British  Museum  in  1828 
(Add.  MSS.  6728-59  inclusive).  Eight  of 
the  effigies  were  etched  on  copper  by  Mr. 
Kerrich  in  1785,  and  it  was  the  sight  of 
them  which  induced  Charles  Stothard  to 
undertake  his  great  work,  and  to  etch  the 
copper  plates  himself.  Mr.  Kerrich' s  etched 
plates  are  in  my  possession. 

A  few  years  after  the  destruction  of  the 
royal  tombs  and  effigies  in  Paris,  the  dis- 
membered parts  were  collected  by  the  Anti- 
quary Alexander  Lenoir,  and  constituted 
a  valuable  part  of  the  Musee  des  Monuments 
Fran^ais  formed  by  him  in  the  early  years 
of  the  nineteenth  century.  In  his  interest- 
ing '  Description  du  Musee  des  Monuments 
Fran$ais  '  a  vivid  account  is  given  of  the 
opening  of  royal  tombs  at  St.  Denis,  the 
ransacking  of  the  coffins,  the  condition  of 
the  remains,  and  their  contemptuous  dis- 
persal. 

Soon  after  the  accession  of  Louis  Philippe 
in  1830,  the  wish  was  expressed  that  the 
dismembered  royal  effigies  should  be 
restored ;  and  in  furtherance  of  this  en- 
deavour copies  of  Mr.  Kerrich' s  etchings  were 
taken  to  Paris  by  Mr.  Albert  Way.  About 
the  same  time  the  effigies  of  the  Artois 
family  in  the  dark  crypt  of  the  church  of  Eu 
(La  Ville  d'Eu),  which  had  suffered  almost 
as  much  as  those  in  Paris,  were  also  taken 
in  hand,  repaired,  and  placed  upon  new 
tombs  of  Egyptian  simplicity  and  ponder- 
osity, with  inscriptions  of  massive  character. 
I  happen  to  know  these  figures  well 
because  I  spent  some  days  in  the  crypt  in 
1862,  measuring  them  and  drawing  them  to 
scale  by  candlelight.  Two  of  the  effigies 
hava  the  surcotes  semee  of  fleurs-de-lis 
latten.  ALBEBT  HABTSHOBNE. 


in 


COBPSE  BLEEDING  IN  PBESENCE  OF  THE 

MUBDEBEB  (US.  ii.  328). — King  James  in 
his  '  Dsemonology,'  1597,  states  : — 

"In  a  secret  murther,  if  the  dead  oarcase  be  at 
any  time  thereafter  handled  by  the  murtherer,  it 
will  gush  out  blood,  as  if  the  blood  were  crying  tc 
Heaven  for  revenge  of  the  murderer  " 


n  s.  ii.  NOV.  12,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


391 


There  is  a  printed  leaflet  in  the  B.M.  accused  of  it,  denied  it,  and  began  "  fendin'  " 
which  gives  a  detailed  account  of  the  dis-  j  to  prove  that  he  was  elsewhere.  He  was 
covery  of  the  body  of  a  murdered  woman  '  dragged  into  the  stable  where  the  body 
named  Jane  Norcott,  which  changed  colour,  i  had  been  laid,  and  forced  to  bend  and  look 


perspired,  and  dropped  blood  from  the 
finger,  upon  being  touched  by  the  supposed 
murderers.  The  leaflet  is  entitled  '  Account 
of  a  Murther  in  Hertfordshire  in  the  4th 
Year  of  King  Charles  I.  taken  in  writing 
from  the  depositions  by  Sir  John  Maynard, 
Sergeant  at  Law.'  W.  B.  GERISH. 

Compare  likewise  Hagen,  the  murderer  of 
Siegfried,  approaching  the  corpse,  which 
began  at  once  to  bleed  again,  as  a  sign  that 
he  was  the  assassin,  according  to  the  medi- 
aeval folk-lore  preserved  in  the  *  Nibelungen- 


Lied. 


H.  KREBS. 


The  superstition  prevailed  long  before  the 
time  of  Richard.  In  what  was  known  as 
the  law  of  the  bier,  a  suspected  murderer 
was  required  to  touch  the  body  of  a  murdered 
person.  If  blood  flowed  from  the  wounds,  it 
was  received  as  an  infallible  sign  of  the  guilt  i  f  -  npariv 
of  the  person  accused.  This  law  or  ordeal  ' 


down  upon  it.  There  was  a  rush  of  blood 
from  the  corpse  ;  the  man.  i;  swounded,"  and, 
on  coming  round,  confessed  to  the  murder. 
Folks  then  were  full  of  such  beliefs  in  tales 
which  had  come  down  to  them. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

OATH  OF  HIPPOCRATES  (11  S.  ii.  310,  371). 
—  The  oath  is  to  be  found  in  several  editions, 
both  early  and  late,  of  the  works  of  Hippo- 
crates ;  and  it  has  been  translated  and 
printed  in  this  country  by  Peter  Lowe  in  the 
sixteenth  century.  Francis  Clifton  in  the 
eighteenth,  and  Francis  Adams  in  the  nine- 
teenth. The  oath  is  still  administered  to 
graduates  at  the  University  of  Lille  on  their 
admission. 

It  is  well  known  that  Hippocrates  was  born 
in  the  isle  of  Cos,  B.C.  460  ;  but  what  is  per- 
haps  not  so  generally  known  is  that  his  family 

F 


was  in  existence  in  different  parts  of  Europe 
from  a  very  early  period.  It  is  supposed 
to  have  been  brought  into  England  by  the 


Saxons. 


W.  SCOTT. 


Isaac  D'Israeli  refers  to  this  subject 
in  his  article  on  '  Trials  and  Proofs  of  Guilt 
in  Superstitious  Ages,'  printed  in  the 
4  Curiosities  of  Literature,'  but  he  does  not 
quote  specific  instances. 

G.  YARROW  BALDOCK. 

This  superstition  was  noticed  under 
'  Bier-Right '  at  10  S.  xii.  87,  137.  Scott 
mentions  Stanfield's  case,  1688,  but  thinks 
that  nobody  at  that  date  "  could  seriously 
believe  "  in  the  superstition,  and  he  adds  : 


years  followed  the  profession 
of  plysi      and  produced  seven  physicians, 


and  it  is  quite  possible  that  the  father  of 
medicine  himself  and  Ms  sons  employed  this 
form  of  oath  or  stipulation,  when  taking  a 
pupil.  One  of  his  sons  was  of  the  Court  of 
Archelaus,  King  of  Macedon  ;  and  his 
grandson  was  physician  to  Roxana,  wife  of 
Alexander  the  Great.  ^  W.  FLEMING. 
College  of  Physicians,  S.W. 

BEAVER-LEAS  (11  S.  ii.  263,  311). — PROF. 
SKEAT  states  in  his  reply  that  "it  is  im- 
possible that  the  A.-S.  leak  (gen.  leages) 
could  ever  have  been  represented  by  lac." 

are   more 
suffix    lag, 

laghe,   lege,   occurring  in  names   where  the 
modern  suffix  is  ley.     There  is,  I  presume, 


"The   ordeal   of   touching   the   corpse   was    J         ^TC  T  S' 

observed    in    G^rmanv      Thev    rail    it    hn.r   '  no    doubt    that    these    represent    the    A.-S. 

^^a^T^tt^^         Kah-   But  I  should  like  to  inquire  if  a11  the 


recht 


The  fifth  of  'Five  Philosophical  Questions,' 


1650,   is   "  Why  dead  bodies  bleed  in  the  !  have 
presence  of  their  Murtherers."     W.  C.  B. 


inquire 
Yorkshire  examples  of  the  word  lac  must 


Some  interesting  references  to  this  super- 
stition are  found  in  chaps,  xxii.  and  xxiii. 
of  Scott's  '  Fair  Maid  of  Perth.'  Note  O, 
*  Ordeal  by  Fire,'  found  at  the  end  of  the 
book,  also  relates  to  the  same  subject. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

That  such  things  had  taken  place  was  a 


from  the  Icel.  loekr  or 
A.-S.  lacu.  Here  are  two  examples  where 
lac  is  now  represented  by  ley  :  Fiuelac,  now 


Filey  ;  Elmeslac,  which  also  appears  as 
Ameslai,  now  Helmsley.  Compare  this 
with  Hamelsec,  also  Hamelsech,  now  (Gate) 
Helmsley  and  (Over)  Helmsley.  A  kindred 
example  seems  to  be  Laclum,  also  Lelun, 
now  Lealholme  in  Eskdale.  Must  we  con- 
clude that  in  these  three  examples,  Elmeslac, 
Fiuelac,  and  Laclum,  the  word  lac  repre- 


belief  amongst  the  folks  where  I  was  bon..    Sents     the     English     lake  ?     This     word,     I 
1  can  remember  hearing  a  horrible  tale  of  a    «i»^-.i^  1-1™  *~  ~AA    ,-^  ^\\\  «,-V™™,^I,T  ;^  ,,«^ 
man  who  was  supposed  to  have  murdered  a 
relation  somewhere  in  Derbyshire.     He  was 


should  like  to  add,  is  still  commonly  in  use 
in  East  Lancashire  as  a  term  for  a  small 
stream,  and  is  usually  pronounced  lache. 


392 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  12,  mo. 


I  append  a  note  upon  the  derivation  of 
Beverley  made  by  an  anonymous  historian 
of  Beverley  who  wrote  at  the  beginning  of 
the  twelfth  century  : — 

"Deirewald  locus  nemorosus,  id  est,  silva  Deir- 
orum,  postea  Beverlac,  quasi  locus  vel  lacus 
castorum  ;  dictus  a  castoribus  quibus  Hulla  aqua 
vicina  abundabat."— 'Mon.  Angl.,'  ii.,  1286. 

Cf.  Bede,  Book  V.  chap.  ii. 

W.  FABBEB. 

"  SPABBOW-BLASTED  "  (11  S.  ii.  267, 
318). — The  two  meanings  given  at  the 
latter  reference  obviously  do  not  explain 
its  use  in  the  quotation  from  '  The  Holy 
War '  given  at  the  first  reference.  The 

*  N.E.D.'    under     '  Blasting '    gives    as    one 
of  its  uses   "  t  1  b.     Flatulence  :     breaking 
of  wind.     Obs."'    It  is  this  that  Mr.  Carnal- 
Security  chaffingly  queries  as  the  cause  of 
Mr.  Godly-Fear's  timorousness.     "  Sparrow- 
blasting  "   in  this  sense,  the  only  sense  in 
which   I   ever   heard   it   used,   is   still   used 
occasionally.  E.  G.  B. 

There  need  be  little  doubt  that  the  phrase 
"  sparrow-blasted  "  was  invented  by  Bunyan 
himself.  Its  meaning  may  easily  be  inferred 
from  the  context.  The  sparrow  is  one  of  the 
smallest,  commonest,  feeblest  of  birds.  No 
person  of  intelligence  would  be  afraid  of  a 
sparrow,  or  would  dread  any  injury  that 
such  an  insignificant  bird  could  inflict.  Mr. 
Carnal-Security  is  endeavouring  to  shame 
Mr.  Godly-Fear  out  of  his  position.  Hence 
to  be  "  sparrow-blasted  "  will  mean  "to  be 
overcome  by  terror  absurdly  dispropor- 
tioned  to  the  cause  that  produces  it." 

SCOTUS. 

"GAME  LEG"  (11  S.  ii.  229,  296,315).— 
Miss  Baker  ('Glossary  of  Northamptonshire 
Words  and  Phrases'')  has:  "Game-Leg. 
A  lame  leg  ;  derived  from  the  British  gam, 
or  cam,  crooked."  She  also  refers  to  Grose's 

*  Provincial  Glossary,'  Brockett's  '  Glossary 
of  North-Country   Words,'    Carr's    '  Craven 
Dialect,'     Forby's     *  Vocabulary     of     East 
Anglia,'     Holloway's     '  Dictionary    of    Pro- 
vincialisms,' and  Halliwell's  '  Dictionary  of 
Archaic  and  Provincial  Words.' 

I  first  heard  "  gammy -leg  "  in  London. 
JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

A  man  or  woman  who  walks  lame  is 
said  to  have  a  "  gammy  leg."  A  limb, 
whether  hand,  arm,  leg,  or  foot,  twisted  or 
distorted  from  birth  or  by  an  accident,  is 
"  gammy,"  and  in  particular  the  word  is 
used  by  persons  suffering  from  ' '  rummy  ' '  = 
rheumatic  or  gouty  pains,  when  speaking 


of  their  ailment  or  when  asked  how  they  are 
getting  on.  It  is  the  same  with  pain  in  any 
other  part  of  the  body,  and  some  will  say, 
"  Oh  !  my  gammy  back."  Others  use  the 
word  "  game,"  which  virtually  is  the  same, 
and  means  some  tiling  bodily  amiss. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 
Worksop. 

SEVENTEENTH-CENTUBY  QUOTATIONS  (10 
S.  x.  127,  270,  356,  515  ;  xi.  356  ;  xii.  217  ; 
11  S.  i.  351;  ii.  235).— No.  8.  "  Romse, 
Lutetiae  ac  Venetise  nemo  quidquam  [thus, 
not  quicquid]  miratur  "  is  from  Erasmus's 
'  Colloquia,'  two-fifths  through  that  entitled 
'  Diversoria,'  which  Charles  Reade  used  to 
such  realistic  effect  in  '  The  Cloister  and  the 
Hearth.'  EDWABD  BENSLY. 

CABLIN  SUNDAY  AND  "  THE  HOLE  "  IN 
FLEET  STBEET  (US.  ii.  229,  314).— From  an 
old  newspaper  (the  date  of  which  is  un- 
fortunately not  given,  but  probably  about 
1830)  I  cull  the  following  :— 

"  Yesterday  Carlin  Sunday  was  celebrated  after 
the  usual  custom  at  the  Hole-in-the-Wall,  Fleet 
Street,  where  upwards  of  12  bushels  of  gray  peas 
were  prepared  for  the  men  of  the  North, 
origin  of  this  singular  least  is  as  follows  :— Many 
years  since  a  battle  was  fought  at  Newcastle.  When 
the  inhabitants  were  on  the  eve  of  starvation,  a 
vessel  entered  the  port  (on  the  fifth  Sunday  in 
Lent)  filled  with  gray  peas  which  were  fried  in 
oil,  and  thus  saved  the  lives  ot  several  thousand 
persons." 

Compare  the  above  with  the  story  quoted  by 
ST.  SWITHIN  at  10  S.  ix.  374.  H.  LONG. 

Southsea. 

The  festival  kept  in  the  North  on  Passion 
Sunday  corresponds  closely — as  regards  the 
festal  food — with  the  festival  of  Palm 
Sunday  in  Provence,  of  which  I  gave  an 
account  two  and  a  half  years  ago  (10  S.  ix. 
281).  Grey  peas  are  eaten  in  the  North 
instead  of  the  Southern  chick-peas,  and 
the  reason  given  for  eating  these  kinds  of 
pulse  shows  an  evident  common  origin  for 
the  custom. 

In  Provence  the  legend  is  that  some  ships 
laden  with  chick-peas  arrived  at  Marseilles 
on  Palm  Sunday,  1418,  when  there  was 
famine  in  the  land.  In  Scotland,  the  ships 
laden  with  grey  peas  arrived  at  Leith  on 
Passion  Sunday  in  famine  time,  and  at 
about  the  same  period. 

In  the  Scottish  song  quoted,  the  line 
"  With  sybows  and  rifarts  and  carlings 
also  points  to  the  custom  having  come  from 
Provence.  "  Sybows "  are  the  Provencal 
cebo,  onions  ;  "  rifarts  "  are  the  Proven9al 
raijort  (pronounced  "ryfor"),  radishes,  not 


n  s.  ii.  NOV.  12,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


393 


horse -radishes,  the  '  N.E.D.'  equivalent  fo 
the  English  "  raifort  "  or  "  rayfort." 

But  carlings  ?  This  word  is  probably  i 
corruption  of  the  Spanish  garbanzos,  Pro 
venial  cese,  garaubo,  garaulo,  which  becann 
"  calavances  "  in  English,  with  possibly  an 
intermediate  "  carlavances  "  ;  this  wore 
would  easily  become  "  carlings  "  in  Scottish 
which  preserves  r  better  than  the  Southern 
language.  EDWARD  NICHOLSON. 

Parh. 

SMOLLETT'S  '  HISTORY  OF  ENGLAND  '  (11  S 
ii.  129,  213,  256).— According  to  the  '  D.N.B., 
the  complete  history  in  11  vols.,  bringing 
down  the  course  of  events  to  1760,  wa 
reissued  in  1834  as  Hume  and  Smollett's 
'  History,'  at  the  instance  of  A.  J.  Valpy 
the  educationist,  the  modeAi  continuatior 
being  the  work  of  Thomas  Smart  Hughes 
A  third  edition  of  this  work  came  out  in 
1846.  Hughes  had  a  distinguished  uni- 
versity career,  was  a  prominent  writer  in 
his  day,  and  is  considered  to  have  performed 
his  task  well.  In  the  edition  of  1856  the 
first  six  volumes  are  credited  to  Hume,  the 
second  five  to  Smollett,  and  the  remaining 
seven  to  Hughes  ;  see  the  article  on  Hughes 
in  Allibone.  N.  W.  HILL. 

New  York. 

BIRDS  FALLING  DEAD  AT  SOLDIERS'  SHOUTS 

(11  S.  ii.  309).— The  passage  of  Livy  referred 
to  is  contained  in  his  account  of  the  embarka- 
tion of  Scipio  Africanus  the  elder  at  Lily- 
baeum  in  204  B.C.  for  the  invasion  of  Africa. 
Livy  does  not  express  any  belief  in  the 
i  incident  related  by  Ccelius  Antipater  :— 

"Ccelius  ut  abstinet  numero,  ita  ad  imniensum 
multitudinis  speciem  auget :  volucres  ad  terrain 
delapsas  clamore  militum  ait." — Livy,  xxix.  25, 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

"  CRUSIE,"  SCOTTISH  LAMP  (US.  ii.  328). 
—Three  papers  in  the  Proceedings  of  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries  of  Scotland  discuss  the 
"  crusie "  from  an  archaeological  point  of 
view  :  (1)  '  The  Crusie  or  Ancient  Oil  Lamp 
of  Scotland,'  by  Gilbert  Goudie,  Proc., 
1887-8,  vol.  x.  pp.  70-78,  with  illustrations  ; 
(2)  '  Some  Notes  on  Scottish  Crusies  :  their 
Wide  Distribution  and  the  Contrivances  for 
Suspending  Them,'  by  Sir  Arthur  Mitchell, 
K.C.B.,  Proc.,  1896-7,  vol.  xxxi.  pp.  121-46, 
with  illustrations  and  bibliography  at  the 
end;  (3)  'A  Description  of  some  Neo- 
Archaic  Objects  from  Various  Parts  of 
Scotland  recently  added  to  the  Museum,' 
by  Sir  Arthur  Mitchell,  Proc.,  1897-8, 
Third  Series,  vol.  viii.  pp.  181-2  (including 
account  of  some  crusies). 


Many  examples  of  the  "  crusie  "  have  been 
collected  from  different  quarters  by  the 
Antiquarian  Society,  and  are  now  to  be 
found  in  the  Museum  at  Edinburgh.  It 
might  be  well  to  procure  the  '  Catalogue 
of  the  National  Museum  of  the  Antiquaries 
of  Scotland,'  latest  edition,  Edinburgh, 
1892.  The  section  devoted  to  Lamps, 
Candlesticks,  &c.,  in  the  Catalogue,  pp.  332- 
337,  contains  several  illustrations. 

Literary  references  to  the  "  crusie  "  are 
not  very  numerous.  A  little  book  entitled 
'  Cruisie  Sketches  '  (Cruisie  being  professedly 
the  name  of  a  Forfarshire  village),  written 
by  Fergus  Mackenzie  (i.e.,  the  Rev.  James 
Anderson),  and  published  by  D.  Wyllie  & 
Son,  Aberdeen,  may  be  recommended  for 
its  blending  of  humour  and  pathos.  Occa- 
sional references  to  the  "  crusie "  will  be 
found  in  it.  The  word  is  more  common  in 
the  north  than  in  the  south  of  Scotland. 

W.  SCOTT. 

Consult  that  most  interesting  book  '  The 
Past  in  the  Present,'  1880,  by  Sir  Arthur 
Mitchell.  W.  C.  B. 

WASPS  :  THEIR  PRESENT  SCARCITY  (US. 
ii.  285,  352). — The  scarcity  of  wasps  in  1910 
has  been  commented  on  in  the  newspapers. 
It  may  interest  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  to  know 
that  I  have  two  very  efficient  traps  for 
queen  wasps  in  my  garden.  The  blossoms 
of  the  common  gooseberry  are  frequented 
Dy  the  queens  in  the  early  spring,  and  a 
ittle  later  we  catch  very  many  on  a  large 
3ush  of  Cotoneaster  horizontalis.  Every 
queen  destroyed  in  the  spring  means  one 
nest  less  in  the  summer.  We  destroyed  a 
great  many  queens  this  spring,  and  I  have 
not  seen  one  wasp  during  the  last  summer. 
T.  STORY  MASKELYNE. 
Basset  Down  House,  Swindon. 

"  FERE  "  (11  S.  ii.  304,  358). — I  am  asked 
low  I  "  read  into  this  word  the  idea  of  com- 
mnionship."  That  is  a  very  fair  and  well- 
onsidered  question. 

It  came  about  thus.  The  A.-S.  word  was 
lot  really  /era,  but  gefera  ;  and  the  latter 
neant  "  travelling  companion."  The  prefix 
e-  occurs  in  hundreds,  or  rather  thousands,, 
f  A.-S.  words,  and  most  often  makes  no- 
ifference  to  the  sense.  But  it  sometimes, 
hough  seldom,  keeps  its  original  sense  of 
together  with,"  having  just  the  same  force 
s  the  Latin  co-,  com-,  con-.  Hence  gefera 
ras,  literally,  "co-traveller";  and  there  is 
10  sense  of  companionship,  clearly  enough, 
f.  Lat.  com-es. 


394 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  NOV.  12, 1910. 


This  all-abounding  prefix  ge-  practically 
perished  in  rather  early  times.  The  g 
before  e  was  early  sounded  as  y,  and  ge- 
was  pronounced  as  ye.  The  Normans 
•dropped  initial  y  in  scores  of  words,  and  so 
ye-  was  reduced  to  e-,  as  in  the  word  enough 
(A.-S.  genoh),  or  to  y-,  as  in  y-clept  (A.-S. 
gecleped)  ;  and  then  the  slight  unstressed 
initial  e-  or  y-  (or  i-)  very  soon  perished 
altogether.  Hence  the  A.-S.  gefera  became 
Mid.  Eng.  ifere,  and  then  fere  ;  and  in  Tudor 
times  became  fere,  feere,  feer,  pheere,  &c. 
Pheere  is  an  absurd  spelling,  due  to  the 
ignorance  of  English  philology  in  the  six- 
teenth century  ;  and  that  is  why  it  occurs  in 
Shakespeare.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

On  the  contention  of  F.  P.,  "  companion  " 
must  still  mean -a  bread-sharer,  Ger.  Geselle 
a  hall-sharer,  &c.  In  the  old  Codex  Aureus 
inscription  the  testator  describes  his  wife 
simply  as  Werburg  min  gefcera.  Cf.  the 
common  adverb  y-feref  together. 

H.  P.  L. 

TENNYSONIANA  (11  S.  ii.  341). — 1.  *A 
Character.' — To  some  it  may  seem  strange 
that  this  remarkably  brilliant  character 
should  have  had,  after  all,  so  limited  a 
career  and  so  little  influence.  The  writer 
of  the  note  does  not  mention  his  age  at 
death,  but  the  two  quotations  taken  together 
give  the  impression  of  an  ordinary  case  of 
"  general  paralysis."  The  "  plausible,  par- 
liament-like, self  satisfied  "  manner  of  speak- 
ing is  distinctly  characteristic  of  the  early 
stages  of  this  form  of  mental  disease,  \vhich 
is  often,  at  this  period,  mistaken  for  excep- 
tional intellectual  brilliancy.  Even  more 
characteristic  is  the  description  of  the  later 
stages  of  the  disease  in  the  quotation  from 
the  reminiscences  of  Sir  Mountstuart  Grant- 
Duff.  Sir  Mountstuart  speaks  of  him  as 
"  extraordinary  and  brilliant  "  at  first,  and 
falling  at  last  into  that  fatal  form  of  ex- 
treme self-exaltation  which  is  a  well-known 
feature  in  the  final  phases  of  this  form  of 
insanity.  J.  FOSTER  PALMER. 

8,  Royal  Avenue,  S.W. 

CANONS,  MIDDLESEX  (US.  ii.  328,  374).— 
This  subject  was  incidentally  dealt  with  in  a 
paper  printed  in  Ars  Quatuor  Coronatorum, 
xxi.  230  (1908),  where  I  find  the  statement 
that  the  building  of  Canons  was  begun  in 
1715,  and  the  dismantling  and  sale  took 
place  in  1747  ;  also  the  following  : — 

"  There  are  several  descriptions  of  the  mansion  : 
Defoe  describes  it  in  his  '  Tour  through  Great 


Britain,'  1724 ;  also  Gildon  in  his  poem  *  Chandos. 
or  the  Vision,'  1717  ;  and  S.  Humphreys'  '  C 


Chandos,' 


1728.  The  materials,  when  sold  by  auction,  were 
widely  scattered ;  the  staircase  with  its  massive 
marble  steps  24  feet  wide,  and  said  to  have  cost 
50,OOW.,  is  now  in  Chesterfield  House,  Mayfair. 
The  '  fine-toned  organ  by  Jordan  '  still  exists  in 
Trinity  Church,  Gosport ;  the  stained-glass  windows 
of  the  private  chapel  went  to  Great  Malvern  ;  while 
the  gilt  equestrian  statue  of  George  I.  stood  for 
many  years  in  Leicester  Square." 

W.  B.  H. 

CLOCKS  AND  THEIR  MAKERS  (US.  ii.  308). 
— Attention  may  be  called  to  '  Old  Scottish 
Clockmakers.  Compiled  from  Original 
Sources,  with  Notes,'  by  John  Smith,  and 
published  by  William  J.  Hay,  John  Knox's 
House,  Edinburgh.  The  date  of  publication 
was  1903.  Scraps  of  information,  principally 
Scottish,  have  been  appearing  for  a  number 
of  years  in  the  columns  of  The  Weekly 
Scotsman.  An  article  in  Chambers 's  Journal, 
1890,  vol.  Ixvii.,  entitled  '  Some  Remarkable 
Clocks,'  may  also  be  named.  SCOTUS. 

JOHN  BROOKE  (11  S.  ii.  69,  111,  156,  257). 
— Owing  to  the  Vacation  and  my  absence 
abroad,  I  have  only  just  seen  the  replies 
kindly  sent  by  your  correspondents.  Un- 
fortunately, with  the  exception  of  MR.  A.  S. 
ELLIS,  they  do  not  afford  me  any  new  infor- 
mation, but  I  wish  to  make  the  following 
further  remarks. 

1.  Could  MR.   PINK  kindly  tell  me  what 
authority    he    has    for    stating    that    John 
Brooke  of  Bristol  was  called  to  the  coif  in 
November,    1510  ?     I  know  that  two  bar- 
risters named  Brooke  (Christian  name  un- 
known) are  alleged  by  Dugdale  to  have  been 
so   called :     one  in    1505   (Foss  says    1503), 
the  other  in  1510.     Are  there  any  lists  of 
Serjeants    extant   in   which    their    Christian 
names  appear  ?     Again,  I  would  point  out 
that  this  John  Brooke  was  at  one  time  un- 
doubtedly a  judge. 

2.  I   would   also   remind   MR.    C.    WELLS 
that  John  Brooke  died  in  1522  (not  1552)  ; 
the  latter  date  is  probably  a  misprint. 

3.  I  should  be  much  obliged  to  MR.  ELLIS 
if  he  could  kindly  inform  me  whether  his 
works  contain  any  information  which  would 
enable  me  to  prove  or  disprove  the  identity 
of  John  Brooke  the  Treasurer  of  the  Middle 
Temple  (1501-4)  with  John  Brooke  of  Bristol, 
the  Serjeant  and  judge.     According  to  the 
Somersetshire  Visitation,  the  father  of  the 
latter  was  Hugh  Brooke,  who  is  stated  1 
be  a  third  (not  an  eighth)  son.     The  name 
seerns  to  have  been  very  common  at  thi 
period.     Thus   there  is  a  third  legal  John 
Brooke  who  was  a  senior  member  of 
Inner  Temple  in  1535.     The  name  also  of  t 
nobleman  who  was  Lord  Cobham  in   1504 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  12, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


395 


was  John  Brooke.  According  to  MB.  ELLIS, 
he  would  be  a  cousin  of  John  of  Bristol. 

Sir  Richard  Brooke  and  Sir  Robert 
Brooke,  both  judges  and  members  of  the 
Middle  Temple,  seem  to  have  belonged  to 
a  different  family. 

BENJAMIN  WHITEHEAD. 
2,  Brick  Court,  Temple. 

KIPLING  AND  THE  SWASTIKA  (11  S.  ii. 
188,  239,  292,  338).— I  am  grateful  to  ROCK- 
INGHAM  for  endeavouring  to  answer  my 
question.  Many  other  of  your  ready  corre- 
spondents, whom  I  wish  to  thank  for  their 
kind  response,  do  not  seem  to  have  noticed 
what  it  is  that  I  wish  to  know.  The  swastika 
is  not  new  to  me,  and  I  have  literature  on 
the  subject. 

Mrs.  Murray  Aynsley,  I  se%,  asserted  that 
the  dexter  swastika  is  the  Hindu  form  of  the 
symbol,  and  the  other,  the  sauwastika,  as 
Dalviella  has  it,  the  Buddhist  and  Jain 
rendering  of  it  ('  Symbolism  of  the  East 
and  West,'  p.  54).  In  a  note  a  few  pages 
later  Major  R.  C.  Temple  says  : — 

"A  good  dsal  has  been  made  by  the  English 
mythological  school  of  writers  of  the  fact  that  the 

Christian  Svastikasnoint  to  the  left whereas  the 

Indian,  including  Buddhist  and  Jain  Svastikas, 
point  to  the  right." 

Whereby  the  annotator  seems  to  contradict 
his  author.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

LADIES  AND  UNIVERSITY  DEGREES  (11  S. 
ii.  247,  358). —  The  Royal  University  of 
Ireland  was  the  first  British  University 
to  open  its  doors  to  women  graduates.  In 
1890  Queen  Alexandra — then  Princess  of 
Wales — was  given  the  degree  of  D.Mus. 
Five  years  later  (1895)  Miss  Annie  W. 
Patterson,  Mus.Bac.,  obtained  the  degree 
of  D.Mus.  by  examination.  In  1903  H.R.H. 
the  Duchess  of  Connaught  was  given  the 
honorary  degree  of  D.Mus. 

The  first  lady,  however,  to  obtain  the 
degree  of  B.Mus.  from  the  Royal  University 
of  Ireland  was  Miss  Charlotte  M.  Taylor — 
now  Mrs.  Beatty — in  1884. 

W.  H.  GRATTON  FLOOD. 

Enniscorthy. 

Miss  Elizabeth  Blackwell  (stated  to  be 
admitted  the  first  woman  M.D.  of  Geneva 
University,  New  York  State,  in  1849)  is 
said  by  The  Anti- Vivisection  Review  (Aug.- 
Si-pt.,  1910,  p.  51)  to  have  been  also  "  the 
first  woman  admitted  to  the  British  Medical 
Register."  If  this  be  so,  then  MR.  SCOTT 
(ante,  p.  358)  will  see  that  Mrs.  Garrett 
Anderson's  admission  to  an  English  medical 
was  later  than  that  of  Dr.  Elizabeth 


Blackwell.  The  latter  lady  is  said  to  have 
been  an  ardent  anti-vivisectionist.  She 
died  at  Hastings  on  31  May,  1910,  at  the 
age  of  90  years.  RONALD  DIXON. 

46,  Maryborough  Avenue,  Hull. 

DOG  POEMS  (US.  ii.  349).— On  18  Novem- 
ber, 1808,  Lord  Byron's  Newfoundland  dog 
Boatswain  died  from  hydrophobia,  and  was 
buried  in  the  garden  at  Newstead.  A 
monument,  which  still  exists,  was  raised 
to  his  memory,  and  bears  an  inscription 
commemorating  his  virtues.  This  con- 
cludes with  twenty-six  misanthropic  verses, 
which,  entitled  '  Inscription  on  the  Monu- 
ment of  a  Newfoundland  Dog,'  will  be  found 
among  the  "  Occasional  Pieces  '*  in  Byron's 
collected  works.  The  verses  quoted  by 
MR.  F.  D.  WESLEY  are  the  seventh  to  the 
tenth,  and  should  read  : — 

But  the  poor  dog,  in  life  the  firmest  friend,  &c. 
F.  A.  RUSSELL. 

4,  Nelgarde  Road,  Catford,  S.E. 

The  rich  man's  guardian  and  the  poor  man's  friend 
is  from  a  poem  called  '  The  Friend  of  Man  * 
— author  unknown.  Vide  '  The  Dog  in 
British  Poetry '  (p.  288),  edited  by  R. 
Maynard  Leonard  (David  Nutt,  1896). 

A.  T.  SEVAN. 
Bessells  Green,  Chevening,  Kent. 

The  second  quotation,  with  two  preceding 
lines, — 

With  eye  upraised,  his  master's  looks  to  scan, 
The  joy,  the  solace,  and  the  aid  of  man  ; 
The  rich  man's  guardian,  and  the  poor  man's  friend, 
The  only  creature  faithful  to  the  end,— 
is  attributed,  in  Southgate's  '  Many  Thoughts 
of  Many  Minds,'  to  the  poet  Crabbe. 

SCOTUS. 

[G.  T.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

FATHER  SMITH,  THE  ORGAN  BUILDER 
(11  S.  ii.  189,  317). — An  account  of  Bernard 
Smith  (or  Schmidt)  will  be  found  in  '  A 
Short  Account  of  Organs  built  in  England 
from  the  Reign  of  King  Charles  the  Second 
to  the  Present  Time  '  ( J.  Masters,  Aldersgate 
Street,  1847).  J.  DE  BERNIERE  SMITH. 

WATERMARKS  IN  PAPER  (US.  ii.  327,  371). 
— In  the  library  of  the  Constitutional  Club, 
Northumberland  Avenue,  is  to  be  found  a 
'  Treatise  of  Paper-Making,  with  a  Collec- 
tion of  Water-marks  from  1300  to  1867,  and  a 
Succinct  Account  of  the  Origin  of  Printing.' 
These  four  autograph  MS.  volumes  are  the 
work  of  Edward  Joseph  Powell,  barrister  at 
law  (b.  1797,  d.  1870),  sometime  Solicitor 
to  the  Royal  Mint,  and  father  of  the  late 


396 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        in  s.  n.  NOV.  12, 1010. 


Ellison  Powell,  original  member  and  donor 
of  these  and  many  other  volumes  to  the 
library  of  the  Constitutional  Club. 

ALFBED  SYDNEY  LEWIS. 
Library,  Constitutional  Club,  W.C. 

OATCAKE  AND  WHISKY  AS  EUCHARISTIC 
ELEMENTS  (US.  ii.  188,  237,  278,  356).— 
I  observe  that  the  incident  is  thus  noted  in 
Robert  Chambers's  *  History  of  the  Rebel- 
lion in  Scotland  in  1745,  1746,'  vol.  ii. 
(Edin.,  1827),  p.  319:— 

"It  appears,  however,  that  his  Lordship  [Vis- 
count Strathallan]  did  not  die  immediately  after 
his  wound.  He  lived  to  receive  the  viaticum  from 
a  Catholic  priest  who  happened  to  be  upon  the  field. 
The  sacred  morsel  was  hastily  composed  of  oatmeal 
and  water,  which  the  clergyman  procured  at  a 
neighbouring  cottage.  This  clergyman  went  to 
France,  became  an  Abbe,  but,  revisiting  his  native 
country,  gave  this  information  to  one  of  our  infor- 
mants— the  Scottish  bishop  so  often  quoted." 

P.  J.  ANDERSON. 
Aberdeen  Universe  ity,Library. 

"ALL  EIGHT,  MCCARTHY"  (11  S.  ii.  286, 
358). — I  think  your  Pittsburg  correspondent 
is  mistaken  in  quoting  "  All  right,  McCarthy" 
(ante,  p.  286),  as  one  of  the  early  messages 
sent  across  the  Atlantic  cable.  I  read  not 
long  ago  in  an  old  periodical  some  verses 
quoting  this  message  as  "  All  right,  De 
Sauty,"  De  Sauty_  being  one  of  the  officials 
or  mechanicians  concerned  in  the  establish- 
ment of  communication.  E.  H.  C. 

New  York  City. 

MR.  WAINEWRIGHT  may  like  to  know  that 
Holmes  wrote  his  poem  (ante,  p.  358)  about 
the  time  of  the  laying  and  failure  of  the 
first  Atlantic  telegraph  cable,  connecting 
Valentia  (Ireland)  with  the  Bay  of  Bull's 
Arm  (Trinity  Bay),  Newfoundland.  The 
end  of  the  cable  was  landed  in  Newfound- 
land on  5  August,  1858,  but  after  a  few 
weeks  ceased  to  work.  C.  V.  de  Sauty  was 
superintendent  of  the  Newfoundland  station, 
and  after  his  leaving  in  December,  1858, 
I  took  over  the  charge  of  the  station.  I 
know  nothing  of  McCarthy. 

H.  A.  C.  SATJNDERS. 

POPE  ADRIAN  IV.'s  RING  AND  THE 
EMERALD  ISLE  (11  S.  ii.  208,  250).— It  is 
difficult  to  conceive  any  connexion  between 
the  emerald  ring,  which  John  of  Salisbury 
says  was  presented  by  Hadrian  IV.  to  Henry 
II.  in  1155,  and  the  name  "Emerald  Isle," 
bestowed  on  Ireland  because  of  its  prevailing 
verdure,  as  Henry  had  no  connexion  with 
that  country  before  he  took  refuge  there 
in  1171,  from  fear  of  the  impending  Inter- 
dict on  his  dominions. 


Dr.  W.  Drennan  (1754-1820)  in  his 
poem  '  Erin '  first  applied  this  epithet  to 
Ireland  in  1795,  and  in  a  foot-note  claims, 
to  be  its  inventor  (vide  2  S.  ix.  199).  Pro- 
bably the  term  became  popular  after  the 
publication  of  T.  Moore's  '  Irish  Melodies/ 
Why  should  that  mythical  beast,  Hadrian's 
"  Bull,"  be  dragged  into  such  verdant 
pasturage  ?  R.  TWIGGE,  F.S.A. 

POPE  ALEXANDER  III.  AND  KING  HENRY 

II.  (11  S.  ii.   349).— Dr.  Round  has  argued 
(as  I  think,  conclusively)  that  the  so-called 
Bull  Laudabiliter  of  Pope  Adrian  IV.  and 
the     Privilegium    of    Alexander    III.     con- 
firming   it    are    both    spurious.     It    would 
perhaps    hardly    be    correct    to    term    them 
forgeries,   as  there  is  no  reason  to   believe 
that  pseudo-originals  ever  existed,  the  text 
of  the  alleged  documents  being  known  only 
from  Giraldus  Cambrensis.    Dr.  Round  thinks 
that  the  three  genuine  letters  of  Alexander 

III.  dated  20  September,  1172,  were  largely 
employed  in  the  concoction  of  Laudabiliter. 
See  his  paper  on  '  The  Pope  and  the  Conquest 
of  Ireland,'  published  in  his  '  Commune  of 
London   and   other    Studies,'    pp.    171-200, 
The  sequence  of  events  therein  established 
is  that  the  legate  and  prelates  of  Ireland, 
assembled  at  the  Synod  of  Cashel  (1171-2), 
drew  up  letters  to  the  Pope  on  the  state  of 
Ireland  ;     that   Henry   dispatched   these   to 
Rome    in   charge    of    Ralf,    Archdeacon   of 
Llandaff  ;    that  the  Pope,  after  reading  the 
letters  and  hearing  Ralf's  report,  sent  back 
the    three   letters    of    20    September,    1172; 
and  that  the  King  sent  these  on  to  Ireland 
in  the  care  of  William  Fitz  Audelin  at  some 
date  between  Michaelmas,  1172,  and  Michael- 
mas, 1173. 

Dr.  Round  shows,  however,  that  Giraldus 
gives  the  alleged  Privilegium  of  Alexander 
as  the  reply  which  he  sent  to  the  report  of  the 
Synod  of  Cashel,  and  holds  that,  as  the  three 
genuine  letters  did  not  go  so  far  as  was  desired 
by  the  champions  of  the  English  title  to 
Ireland,  the  historian  suppressed  them,  and 
substituted  the  concocted  confirmation  of  a 
concocted  "  Bull  "  from  Adrian. 

G.  H.  WHITE. 

St.  Cross,  Norfolk. 

ROBERT,  DUKE  OF  NORMANDY,  AND 
ARLETTE  (11  S.  ii.  347).— At  Falaise  the 
tradition  is  that  Robert  first  saw  Arlette 
from  a  window  in  the  castle,  through  which 
many  a  visitor  now  gazes  and  reconstructs 
the  scene.  The  Fontaine  d' Arlette  is  before 
him,  but,  as  Mr.  Percy  Dearmer  says, 
"if  Duke  Robert  first  saw  the  tanner's  daughter 
from  that  window  on  the  north  side,  we  have  nnal 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  12,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


397 


proof  that  telescopes  were  invented  in  his  day. 
Only  even  then  he  could  not  have  seen  her  from 
there.  For  the  keep  cannot  have  been  built  before 
the  twelfth  century,  and  there  is  nothing  left  of 
Robert's  castle."— 'Highways  arid  Byways  in  Nor- 
mandy,' p.  86. 

ST.   SWITHIN. 

I  do  not  know  of  any  reference  to  the 
incident  in  our  early  histories  ;  but  the 
writer  of  the  pretty,  gossiping  book,  '  Falaise 
the  Town  of  the  Conqueror,'  evidently 
thinks  that  Arlette  was  seen  by  Count 
Robert  whilst  he  was  out  hawking.  The 
book  is  by  Anna  .Bowman  Dodd,  and  pub- 
lished by  Mr.  Fisher  Unwin. 

I  have  visited  the  quaint  old  town  of 
Falaise,  and  looked  down  from  the  Norman 
windows  upon  the  spot  where  Robert  saw 
the  pretty-footed  maid  ;  butHhe  tower  is  so 
high,  he  certainly  could  not  have  distin- 
guished her  features  at  that  distance. 

SYDNEY  HERBERT. 
Carl  ton  Lodge,  Cheltenham. 

There  are  various  versions  of  the  story  of 
Arlette  and  Robert  of  Normandy.  Two  of 
these  are  referred  to  in  the  query.  A  third 
represents  Arlette  as  standing  at  the  door 
of  her  father's  house  when  the  Duke  rode 
past  and  saw  her  for  the  first  time.  Green 
('  Short  History,'  p.  71)  accepts  the  clothes- 
washing  episode  as  the  true  version.  There 
are,  however,  two  forms  of  the  story. 
Instead  of  being  on  his  way  back  from  hunt- 
ing, the  Duke  is  said  to  have  watched 
Arlette  out  of  a  window  in  his  castle  of 
Falaise.  See  Canon  Spence's  '  The  First 
and  Last  Homes  of  the  Norman  Dukes  '  in 
Good  Words,  1890,  p.  312. 

The  earliest  authorities  for  the  story  are 
either  French  or  Latin.  See  the  authorities 
for  the  period  cited  by  Green,  p.  70.  Early 
English  writers  borrowed  their  accounts 
from  French  or  Latin  sources.  John 
Brompton,  a  Yorkshire  monk,  in  his  *  Chro- 
nicon,'  written  in  Latin,  is  perhaps  among 
the  first  of  English  authors  in  whose  pages 
the  story  may  be  read.  He  probably 
derived  his  information  from  a  French  source. 

W.  SCOTT. 

THOMAS  PAINE' s  EARLY  LIFE  (11  S.  ii. 
328). — Your  correspondent  will  find  a  good 
deal  of  information  respecting  Paine' s  early 
life  in  Thomas  Clio  Rickman's  '  Life  of 
Thomas  Paine'  (1819).  It  is  there  stated 
(p.  35)  that  "  about  the  year  1758 "  he 
worked  at  his  trade  of  a  staymaker  "  for 
near  twelve  months  at  Dover." 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 


JANE  AUSTEN'S  DEATH  (11  S.  ii.  348). — • 
In  his  '  Memoir  of  Jane  Austen '  the  novel- 
ist's nephew,  Mr.  J.  E.  Austen  Leigh,  does 
not  definitely  name  the  last  illness,  but  his 
various  references  seem  to  indicate  the 
progress  of  an  insidious  and  fatal  malady. 
"  Early  in  the  year  1816,"  he  writes, 
"some  family  troubles  disturbed  the  usual  tranquil 
course  of  Jane  Austen's  life ;  and  it  is  probable  that 
the  inward  malady,  which  was  to  prove  fatal,  war 
already  felt  by  her." 

Later  he  says  : — 
"It  was  not  attended  with  much  suffering;   so 

that  she  was  able  to  tell  her  friends and  perhaps 

sometimes  to  persuade  herself,  that,  excepting  want 
of  strength,  she  was  '  otherwise  very  well ; ;  but  the 
progress  of  the  disease  became  more  and  more 
manifest  as  the  year  advanced." 

A  niece  who  visited  the  invalid  in  the 
spring  of  1817  found  her  very  infirm.  "  She 
was  very  pale,"  this  lady  reported  in  after 
years ; 

"her  voice  was  weak  arid  low,  and  there  was  about 
her  a  general  appearance  of  debility  and  suffering ; 
but  I  have  been  told  that  she  never  had  much  acute 
pain.  She  was  not  equal  to  the  exertion  of  talking 
to  us,  and  our  visit  to  the  sick  room  was  a  very 
short  one." 

A  month  or  two  later,  on  18  July,  1817, 
Jane  Austen  died.  The  inference  one 
readily  draws  from  the  statements  quoted 
may  be  incorrect,  but  it  is  inevitable. 
Henry  Morley  gives  it  expression  in  his 
'  First  Sketch  of  English  Literature,'  p.  913, 
where  he  refers  to  the  finishing  of  '  Persua- 
sion '  in  1816,  and  adds  :  "  Consumption 
was  then  already  drawing  her  days  to  a 
close."  THOMAS  BAYXE. 

The  disease  to  which  Jane  Austen  fell 
a  victim  was  consumption  : — 

"  The  insidious  decay  or  consumption  which 
carried  off  Miss  Austen  seemed  only  to  increase  the 
powers  of  her  mind.  She  wrote  while  she  could 
hold  a  pen  or  pencil ;  and  the  day  preceding  her 
death,  composed  some  stanzas  replete  with  fancy 
and  vigour."  —  Chambers's  'English  Literature? 
4th  ed.,  1884,  ii.  274. 

SCOTUS. 

JOHN  PEEL  (11  S.  ii.  229,  278,  335).— 
A  photograph  of  John  Peel's  tombstone  in 
Caldbeck  Churchyard  appears  in  The  Illus- 
trated Sporting  and  Dramatic  News  of  22 
October,  p.  309.  The  inscription  given 
by  MB.  PAGE,  ante,  p.  335,  is  quite  legible 
in  this  photograph.  T.  F.  LX 

4  BARNABY  RUDGE,'  BY  CHARLES  DILLON, 
COMEDIAN:  OXBERRY'S  'BUDGET  OF  PLAYS' 
(11  S.  ii.  348). — Of  the  plays  mentioned 
at  this  reference  '  Barnaby  Rudge  '  was 
produced  at  the  Olympic  Theatre  on  16 


398 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  IL  NOV.  12, 1910. 


August,  1841  ;  and  '  The  Light  and  Shad 
of  Human  Life  '  at  the  Garrick  on  7  August 
1843.  WM.  DOUGLAS. 

ELEPHANT    AND    CASTLE    IN    HERALDRY 
(11  S.  i.  508  ;   ii.  36,  115,  231,  353).— I  know 
a  family  named  Cobb  which  uses  the  ele 
pliant  as  a  crest ;   but  I  am  not  sure  that  it 
bears   a   castle.     It   certainly   did   when   it 
surmounted    the    shield    of    Henry    Corbet 
A.M.,  as  shown  in  an  old  book-plate  in  '  A 
Journey  to  the  World  Under-Ground,'   by 
Nicholas    Klimius,     "  translated    from    the 
Original"  in  1742.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

The  elephant  and  castle  is  the  first  crest 
of  the  family  of  Corbet  of  Moreton  Corbet, 
Baronets.  When  was  it  first  allowed  to  the 
Corbets  ?  It  seems  to  have  been  borne  by 
them  at  the  Visitation  of  Shropshire  in 
1623.  This  family  has  a  second  crest,  a 
squirrel  sejant.  W.  G.  D.  FLETCHER. 

When  copying  the  heraldry  and  inscrip- 
tions in  Stepney  Church  and  churchyard, 
I  found  an  altar  tomb,  very  much  decayed, 
to  the  memory  of  Capt.  Christopher  Keble 
(ob.  1723)  and  his  wife  Elizabeth  (ob.  1721). 
On  it  were  displayed  the  crest  of  an  ele- 
phant's head  erased  and  the  arms — a 
chevron  engrailed,  on  a  chief  three  mullets, 
impaling  across  ragulee. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
[MR.  A.  C.  JONAS  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

ARCHITECTURE'S  DISTINGUISHED  DE- 
SERTERS (11  S.  ii.  342). — James  Francis 
Turner,  late  Bishop  of  Grafton  and  Armidale, 
was  educated  as  an  architect  under  Philip 
Hardwick  ("  College  Histories,"  '  Durham,' 
p.  105).  J.  T.  F. 

Durham. 

[HARMATOPEGOS  and  MR.  HARRY  HEMS  also 
thanked  for  replies.] 

T.  L.  PEACOCK'S  '  MONKS  OF  ST.  MARK  ' 
(US.  ii.  349).— 'A  Dictionary  of  English 
Authors,'  by  Mr.  R.  Farquharson  Sharp 
(London,  1897),  gives  "  '  The  Monks  of 
St.  Mark,'  1804,"  as  the  first  item  in  the 
list  of  published  works  by  the  above  author. 

W.  B.  H. 
[MR.  W.  SCOTT  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

"GINGHAM":  "GAMP"  (11  S.  ii.  268, 
335). — There  are  several  references  to  these 
slang  terms  in  '  Umbrellas  and  their  History,' 
by  William  Sangster,  with  illustrations  by 
Bennett  (and  very  good  illustrations  too), 
published  "  for  the  author "  by  Cassell, 
Petter  &  Galpin — no  date,  but  apparently 
about  1860.  FRANK  SCHLOESSER. 


RICHARD  CROMWELL'S  DAUGHTER  (11  S. 
ii.  287,  330). — My  only  excuse  for  inter- 
posing in  this  discussion  is  to  endeavour  to 
ascertain  the  house  or  the  street  where 
Richard  Cromwell  and  his  brother  Thomas 
were  born.  I  have  seen  a  house  in  Mare 
Street  called  "  Cromwell  House,"  near  to  the 
Public  Library.  Did  the  original  home 
of  the  Cromwells  stand  thereabouts  ? 

M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 


0n 

The  Life  of  Benjamin  Disraeli,  Earl  of  Beacons- 
field.  By  William  Flavelle  Monypenny. — 
Vol.  I.  1804-37.  With  Portraits  and  Illustra- 
tions. (Murray.) 

THIS  first  instalment  of  the  long- delayed  and 
long-promised  biography  of  Beaconsfield  is  the 
book  of  the  season,  and  alike  in  solid  interest  and 
entertainment  it  deserves  its  place.  Mr.  Mony- 
penny describes  the  volume  as  "  the  most  difficult 
and  laborious  portion  of  the  whole  work,"  and 
there  is  justification,  we  think,  for  regarding  it 
as  likely  to  be  the  most  interesting  for  the  general 
reader  of  the  set  of  volumes  ;  for  the  great  man 
of  the  future  passed  through  an  unusual  amount 
of  trials,  false  starts,  and  unfortunate  specula- 
tions before,  at  the  beginning  of  Victoria's  reign, 
he  found  himself  M.P.  for  Maidstone,  and  well 
started  on  the  career  in  which  he  was  to  distinguish 
himself  so  highly. 

One  special  interest  of  these  early  days  is  the 
commentary  or  self-revelation  afforded  by  the 
novels  which,  from  '  Vivian  Grey  '  onwards, 
brought  him  no  small  part  of  his  reputation.  The 
bearing  of  these  on  his  life  Mr.  Monypenny  dis- 
cusses with  excellent  knowledge  and  judgment, 
and  he  is  certainly  to  be  congratulated  on  the  way 
n  which  he  has  used  his  varied  and  sometimes 
conflicting  sources  to  present  us  with  as  clear  and 
consistent  a  figure  as  was  possible. 

We  spoke  earlier  of  entertainment,  and  this  is 
provided  in  abundance,  almost  from  the  first 
aage,  by  the  taste  for  the  grandiose  and  the  extra- 
ordinary self-confidence  of  Disraeli.  He  had 
}he  "  egotistical  imagination  "  of  which  he  accused 
lis  great  rival,  and  his  early  attempts  at  politics 
certainly  resemble  "  an  interminable  and  incon- 
sistent series  of  arguments  "  which,  if  they  did  not 
malign  his  opponents,  were  clearly  designed  to 
'  glorify  himself."  Outside  the  sphere  of  politics, 
;oo,  he  habitually  exaggerated.  Twice  in  his 
levels  he  explained  that  there  was  no  wisdom 
ike  frankness,  which  has  a  healthy  charm  of  its 
own.  But  his  was  the  frankness  of  the  poseur T 
who,  to  take  the  most  lenient  view,  deceives 
limself  into  believing  the  thing  that  is  not,  and 
abundantly  deceives  others.  The  fascination  the 
routhful  dandy  exercised  on  all  sorts  of  people 
tands  out  clearly  in  this  volume,  and  the  brilliancy 
)f  his  letters  of 'travel  no  less  than  of  his  novels 
hows  how  agreeable  he  could  be  when  he  chose. 
We  begin  with  doubts  as  to  his  ancestry  and 
)irthplace — doubts  characteristically  due  to  his 
>wn  delusions,  and  now  settled  by  the  research  of 
)thers.  His  father  was  to  him  more  than  his 
mother,  who^_is  seldom  ^mentioned ;  and  hi*- 


ii  B.  ii.  NOV.  12,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


399 


obvious  pleasure  in  the  paternal  gift  for  literature, 
with  his  deep  attachment  to  his  sister,  the  "  Sa" 
of  many  letters,  is  one  of  the  most  charming 
features  of  the  volume.  The  account  of  his 
schooldays,  which  we  may  reasonably  see  recalled 
in  '  Vivian  Grey  '  and  '  Contarini  Fleming,'  intro- 
duces us  at  once  to  his  gifts  as  a  rhetorician  com- 
menting, with  the  amusing  impertinence  of 
sciolism,  on  great  authors.  He  was  never  truly 
a  Grecian,  and,  as  Mr.  Monypenny  hints,  the 
Hellenic  spirit  was  not  his.  Had  it  been  his, 
it  might  have  tempered  some  of  his  excesses. 
At  seventeen  he  was  sent  to  a  solicitor's  office,  and 
got  meanwhile  through  his  father  glimpses  of  the 
greater  world  ;  but  he  was  not  till  years  later  in 
Society,  and  Mr.  Monypenny  certainly  antedates 
his  admission  thereto.  The  Blessington  salon 
and  the  various  "  blues  "  and  "  bloods  "  with 
whom  he  consorted  were  not  "  the  best  people." 
In  1824  he  travelled  abroad  with  his  father,  and 
decided  to  give  up  the  law.  Finance,  leading  to 
wild  speculation  with  a  fellaw-clerk  Evans, 
followed,  and  was  disastrous.  The  Representa- 
Hve,  his  idea  of  a  leading  newspaper,  was  equally 
distressing,  and  lost  him  the  friendship  of  the 
Murray  of  the  day.  Mr.  Monypenny  naturally 
makes  the  best  of  his  part  in  the  paper,  but  it  can 
hardly  be  doubted  that  the  enthusiastic  dreams 
of  the  young  schemer  came  near  misrepresenta- 
tion. For  a  fair  view  of  the  case  the  '  Memoir 
of  John  Murray  '  and  Mr.  Lang's  '  Life  of  Lock- 
hart  '  should  both  be  read.  Murray  lost  26,000?., 
which  seems  a  small  sum  to-day  for  an  extensive 
journalistic  enterprise  ;  and  it  is  to  be  noted,  as 
another  difference  from  to-day,  that  Lockhart 
was  unwilling  to  lose  caste  by  being  the  editor  of 
n  newspaper.  Murray  was  further  annoyed  at 
being,  as  he  thought,  caricatured  in  '  Vivian 
(iivv,'  which  was  published  in  1826  by  the  skil- 
fully advertising  Colburn.  The  story  is  for  auto- 
biography the  most  interesting  of  the  novels, 
and  the  two  main  theories  of  its  purport  are  well 
stated,  with  the  admission  that,  "  as  so  often 
happens,  Disraeli  himself  can  be  quoted  in 
support  of  either." 

After  '  Vivian  Grey '  came  ill-health,  and  a 
tnur  in  Italy  which  gives  us  some  brilliant  letters 
and  odd  opinions.  On  his  return  to  England  the 
sequel  to  '  Vivian  Grey  '  appeared  —  like  most 
M-'|ii'-ls  a  failure — and  Disraeli's  career  wa.s 
stopped  by  a  severe  but  mysterious  illness.  In 
l^:i>  he  started  on  a  tour  in  the  East,  which 
developed  the  mystic  side  of  his  character  and  his 

-ion  for  fantastic  dress.  '  Contarini  '  and 
'  Alroy  '  belong  to  this  period,  and  regarding  the 
latter  Mr.  Monypenny  shrewdly  remarks,  "  Dis- 
raeli  had  to  pay  for  the  faults  of  his  education  "  ; 
his  mysticism  "  often  degenerated  into  a  taste  for 
mere  hocus-pocus." 

The  year  1832  sees  Disraeli's  entry  into  politics, 
hampered  by  a  load  of  debts  that  might  have 
overwhelmed  a  less  sanguine  man.  It  is  to  his 
< -reilit  that  ho  resolutely  refused  to  apply  to  his 
father  for  help,  and  odd  that  he  never  asked  pay 
for  liis  journalism.  He  was  from  the  first, 
apparently,  a  very  effective  speaker,  and  in 
his  own  -i  .Mutilated  Diary,'  a  singularly  frank 

•  latioii  of  himself,  he  congratulates  himself 
«>n  his  success  as  an  orator.  But  he  was  allied  to 
'I"  party,  and  after  a  year  of  practical  politics  was 
merely  regarded  as  ""a  political  adventurer  with 
unintelligible  opinions."  Critics  will  differ  as 


to  the  depth  and  sincerity  of  his  early  opinions, 
but  it  seems  clear  that  he  was  largely  influenced 
by  the  choice  of  the  friends  most  likely  to  help 
him.  In  the  '  Diary  '  for  1833  he  has  a  passage 
of  sublime  prescience  concerning  his  powers.  He 
begins  a  paragraph  by  saying  that  his  conceit  is 
largely  due  to  nervousness.  But  he  can  "  read 
characters  at  a  glance  ;  few  men  can  deceive  me. 
My  mind  is  a  continental  mind.  It  is  a  revolu- 
tionary mind.  I  am  only  truly  great  in  action. 
If  ever  I  am  placed  in  a  truly  eminent  position 
I  shall  prove  this.  I  could  rule  the  House  of 
Commons,  although  there  would  be  a  great  pre- 
judice against  me  at  first.  It  is  the  most 
jealous  assembly  in  the  world.  The  fixed  charac- 
ter of  our  English  society,  the  consequence  of  our 
aristocratic  institutions,  renders  a  career  difficult." 

The  career  was  fully  achieved  by  the  man  who 
was  at  once  capable  ot  the  wildest  extravagance  in 
dress  and  of  writing  in  prose  blank-verse  raptures 
on  cookery.  "  Henrietta  "  alone,  the  heroine  of 
'  Henrietta  Temple,'  seems  to  have  been  near 
turning  him  from  the  course  of  his  ambition. 
Helping  us  as  a  rule  by  his  annotations,  Mr.  Mony- 
penny gives  us  no  clue  to  the  family  of  the  lady. 
At  this  distance  of  time  there  can  surely  be  no 
harm  in  the  revelation.  Was  she  not  a  daughter- 
of  the  fifth  Earl  of  Berkeley  and  Mary  Cole  ? 

We  have  said  enough,  we  hope,  to  indicate  the 
great  interest  of  the  volume.  The  author  has 
showrn  admirable  industry  and  good  judgment. 
With  his  literary  verdicts  on  the  novels  and  other 
writings  we  are  satisfied,  except  that  the  merits  of 
the  Lucianic  pieces  seem  to  us  overrated.  Should 
not  the  opportunity  be  taken  to  produce  a  new 
annotated  edition  of  the  novels  ?  The  '  Letters 
of  Ilunnymede  '  too,  of  which  we  seldom  hear 
nowadays,  contain  some  admirable  writing. 

THERE  is  no  purely  literary  article  in  The 
National  Review  for  this  month,  which  continues 
its  outspoken  attacks  on  the  Government.  Mr. 
F.  S.  Oliver  on  '  Tactics  and  Ideas  '  is  the  brightest 
of  the  political  writers.  "  A  Public  School  Boy  " 
on  '  Our  Public  Schools  '  writes  sensibly,  but 
spends  too  much  time  in  mere  rhetoric  of  the 
debating  sort.  M.  Ren£  Feibelman  in  '  Leopold 
II.  and  Albert  I.'  shows  wrhat  an  improvement 
the  new  ruler  of  Belgium  is  on  the  old.  The  young 
monarch  speaks  judiciously,  moves  freely  amongst 
his  subjects,  and  takes  a  keen  interest  in  home 
affairs  as  well  as  politics.  Mr.  C.  F.  Downham 
in  '  The  Trade  in  Feathers :  a  Case  for  the 
Defence,'  declares  that  humanitarians  have 
grossly  exaggerated  their  complaints  against  the 
trade  which  he  represents.  Part  of  his  argument 
resolves  itself  into  the  familiar  thesis  that  two 
blacks  make  a  white.  He  adds,  however,  a 
definite  denial  of  the  assertion  that  feathers 
are  only  profitable  when  rich  in  the  brilliancy  of 
the  breeding-season.  This  is  so,  he  admits, 
with  the  egrets,  but  he  maintains  that  more  than 
half  the  supply  is  obtained  from  feathers  naturally 
shed  by  the  birds.  "  Wife  of  Bath  "  has  an 
amusing  article  '  On  Lodgings,'  which  is  chielly 
concerned  with  the  habit  of  washing.  Mrs. 
Pinsent  reprints  a  paper  read  at  the  recent 
Church  Congress  at  Cambridge,  '  Social  Responsi- 
bility and  Heredity.'  It  shows  clearly  a  deplor- 
able state  of  affairs  which  ought  to  be  remedied. 
I'nfortunately.  public  opinion  is  slow  to  move 
in  such  matters. 


400 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  12, 1910. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — NOVEMBER. 

MR.  P.  M.  BARNARD  sends  No.  12  of  his  Man- 
chester Series,  the  books  in  it  mostly  relating  to 
history,  philosophy,  customs,  and  folk-lore. 

Mr.  Barnard  also  sends  from  Tunbridge  Wells 
•Catalogue  39.  This  contains  classical  authors, 
Humanists,  scholars,  &c. 

Mr.  James  G.  Commin's  Exeter  Catalogue  266 
•contains  chiefly  books  of  the  sixteenth,  seven- 
teenth, and  eighteenth  centuries,  including 
numerous  examples  of  the  Plantin  Press.  Under 
Americana  is  the  first  edition,  complete  with 
supplement,  of  Catesby's  '  Natural  History  of 
Carolina,  Florida,  and  the  Bahama  Islands,'  1731- 
1743, 2  vols.,  folio,  calf,  107.  10s. ;  besides  a  fine  tall 
copy  of  Peter  Martyr's  *  De  Orbe  Novo  Decades 
Octo,'  Paris,  1587,  81.  10s.  (no  map).  Henry 
Stevens  states  that* when  Hakluyt  was  in  Paris 
in  1587  Raleigh  instigated  him  to  re-edit  and 
publish  the  eight  Decades,  he  bearing  the  expense. 
Among  Bibles  will  be  found  the  first  printed  at 
'Oxford  1675-73,  II.  10s.  (the  title-page  is  dated 
1675,  the  colophons  1673).  A  sound  copy  of  the 
best  of  the  series  of  folio  black-letter  Bibles 
printed  since  1611,  1640-39,  II.  10s.  ;  and  the 
1657  Polyglot,  6  vols.,  folio,  calf,  61.  There  are 
works  under  Devon,  Economic,  and  India,  the 
last-named  including  Faria  de  Sousa's  '  Discovery 
of  India  by  the  Portuguese,'  3  vols.,  1695,  57.,  and 
'  Indian  Botany,'  by  Van  Draakenstein,  12  vols. 
in  6,  1678-1703,  107.  10s. 

Mr.  John  Grant's  Edinburgh  Annual  Catalogue 
of  Books  new  as  Published,  at  greatly  reduced 
prices,  is  a  list  of  112  pages,  well  classified,  and 
includes  works  on  all  kinds  of  subjects.  Folk- 
lore contains  Abbot's  '  Macedonian  Folk-lore '  and 
Garnett  and  Glennie's  '  Greek  Folk  Poesy.' 
Under  Fine  Arts  occur  Conway's  '  Diirer,' 
•Cust's  '  Queen  of  Scots,'  the  Dalziel  brothers' 
•*  Fifty  Years'  Work,'  Michaelis's  '  Ancient 
Marbles  '  ;  Alice  Meynell's  '  Children  of  the  Old 
Masters  of  the  Italian  School  '  ;  and  Pugin's 
•'  Microcosm  of  London.'  Works  on  Architecture 
•comprise  Billings's  '  Antiquities  of  Scotland  '  and 
King's  '  Study  Book.'  There  is  Edwin  Ellis's 
{handsome  edition  of  the  complete  poetical  works 
of  Blake.  Under  Burns  are  several  editions, 
including  Scott  Douglas's  and  Gilfillan's.  Under 
Fielding  is  the  edition  in  eleven  volumes  pub- 
lished by  Bickers. 

Mr.  Ellis's  Catalogue  130  contains  Bray  ley  and 
Britton's  '  Beauties  of  England  and  Wales,'  1801- 
1816,  18  vols.  bound  in  25,  with  more  than  700 
•engravings,  51.  5s.  ;  and  John  Cartwright's  '  The 
Preacher's  Travels,'  1611,  large  copy,  half-russia, 
rare,  61.  15s.  (on  the  title  is  written  "  Henry  Duke 
of  Newcastle  his  booke  1670  ").  There  is'  a  fine 
copy  of  the  scarce  work  by  Castaneda,  '  The 
first  Booke  of  the  Historic  of  the  Discouerie  of  the 
East  Indias,'  1582,  121.  12s.  Among  other  early 
books  of  travel  are  those  of  Peter  de  Cieza,  Cock- 
burn,  and  Dampier.  Eden's  '  West  and  East 
Indies,'  1577,  is  217.  Franck's  '  Northern 
Memoirs. ..  .writ  in  the  Year  1658,'  Edinburgh, 
1 8 2 1 ,  is  II.  5s.  The  author  was  the  first  to  describe 
salmon  fishing  in  Scotland.  Hacke's  '  Original 
Voyages,'  1699,  is  ±1.  4s.  ;  Hawkins's  '  South  Sea,' 
folio,  first  edition,  fine  clean  copy,  147.  14s.,  and 
Josselyn's  '  Voyages  to  New-England,'  1674,  very 


rare,  187.  18s.  The  scarce  second  edition  of 
Lithgow's  '  Delectable  Discourse,'  1616,  is  11.  15s.; 
and  the  first  edition  of  Claudius  Ptolemy's  '  Geo- 
graphica,'  1535,  folio,  vellum,  15/.  15s.  The 
latter  contains  two  maps  of  America,  on  one  of 
which  are  noted  several  of  the  West  Indian 
islands,  and  below,  on  a  portion  of  the  continent, 
is  marked  "  America "  in  large  Gothic  letters. 
There  is  a  fine  copy  of  Coryat's  '  Crudities,'  re- 
printed from  the  1611  edition,  London,  1776, 
3  vols.,  red  morocco  extra  by  Bedford,  with  Col. 
Hibbert's  book-plate  in  each  volume,  127.  12s. 
The  Catalogue  is  fall  of  interest  to  collectors  of 
books  of  travels.  At  the  end  is  a  Brief  Index 
of  Places. 

Messrs.  Maggs  Brothers'  Catalogue  259  com' 
prises  the  second  portion  of  their  stock  of  "  old" 
time  literature,"  and  is  devoted  chiefly  to  books 
printed  abroad  in  foreign  languages  before  1800. 
A  feature  of  the  Catalogue  is  the  number  of 
Incunabula.  There  is  a  copy  of  Glanville — '  De 
Proprietatibus  Rerum,'  believed  to  be  the  first 
book  printed  by  Caxton,  Cologne,  circa  1471, 
1757.  Among  pictorial  books  are  the  '  Nurem- 
berg Chronicle  '  of  1493,  the  first  Latin  translation 
of  Brant's  '  Ship  of  Fools,'  1497,  and  the  '  Poli- 
philo.'  There  are  some  richly  illuminated  manu- 
scripts, including  a  Hebrew  Bible  formerly  in  the 
possession  of  the  late  Chief  Rabbi  Dr.  Loewe  ; 
and  a  Persian  manuscript  of  Firdausi's  '  Shah 
Nama,'  with  sixty  illustrations  richly  coloured. 
An  exceedingly  beautiful  Missal  of  the  fifteenth 
century,  in  old  monastic  oak  boards,  is  2107.  ; 
and  among  the  Horse  are  a  finely  illuminated 
French  manuscript  with  miniatures,  1530-32, 
1057.,  and  one  in  Gothic  letter,  fifteenth  century, 
1507.  Under  Montaigne  is  a  fine  copy  of  the  first 
complete  edition,  full  levant  enclosed  in  morocco 
case,  1588,  207.  There  are  some  interesting 
bindings,  including  a  Dutch  Bible  bound  in 
fishskin,  with  silver  clasps,  47.  4s.  ;  and  '  Das 
Ganze  Neue  Testament,'  with  Psalter  and  music, 
bound  in  polished  steel,  Zurich,  1738,  127.  12s. 
The  Catalogue  is  well  illustrated. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


tn 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  dp  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries ' "—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery- 
Lane,  E.G. 

ENQUIRER. — We  never  advise  as  to  the  value  of 
pictures,  books,  &c. 

W.  G.  D.  FLETCHER  ("Sir  William  Beaumaiis 
Rush  ").— See  replies  ante,  pp.  93-4. 

R.  M.  SERJEANTSON  ("I  shall  pass  through  this 
world  but  once").— There  is  a  long  note  on  these 
words  in  'Cassell's  Book  of  Quotations,'  p.  44  8.  tee 
also  the  articles  at  8  S.  xi.  118 ;  10  S.  i.  247, 316,  355, 
433 ;  v.  393,  498. 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  19, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


401 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  19,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-No.  47. 

NOTES:— Queen  Elizabeth's  Day.  401— Richard  Doyle, 
William  Newman,  and  'Punch' — King's  'Classical  Quota- 
tions,' 402-Little  Gidding  and  Mary  Colet-"  Moving 
Pictures"  in  1709— First  English  Book  on  Bookbinding, 
403— "Rights  of  Man,"  the  Phrase— Bradshaw's  Alleged 
Burial  in  Jamaica — Two  Notes  on  'Sir  John  Oldcastle.' 
404—"  Utilitarian  "— "  Winchester  Quart "  and  "  Corbyn," 
405— Hanging  Alive  in  Chains-T.  Griffiths  Wainewright, 
406. 

QUERIES  :— Portraits  of  Speakers  of  the  House  of  Com- 
mons, 406— Homer  and  Ulysses — Ulysses  and  Pulci — 
Artephius,  '  De  Characteribus  Planetarum ' — John  Havi- 
land,  Printer -Club  Etranger  at  Hanover  Square,  407— 
Hyde  Park  Monolith— Authors  Wanted— Crow :  Greek 
Proverb— Printer's  Bible— 'The  World:  a  Poem' :  'Prose, 
l»y  a  Poet' — Henry  of  Navarre  and  the  Three- Handled 
Cup -Maids  of  Taunton  and  Monmou^h's  Rebellion,  408— 
Hodson  Family — Knights  of  Malta  in  Sussex — Puns  on 
Payne  — Max  O'Rell's  Works— Women  carrying  their 
Husbands— '  St.  James's  Chronicle '-"Sheeny,"  Nick- 
name for  a  Jew— W.  Bisset— Gataker,  1796— J.  Goodchild 
— J.  Goodwin  -"Oorali,"  409— Motto  of  1851  Exhibition 
—Taxes  on  Crests,  410. 

REPLIES  :— Plantagenet  Tombs  ab  Fontevrault  —  J.  M* 
Qudrard,  410— James  Fea,  412—"  Est.  Est.  Est."— Knight" 
hood,  413— Latin  Epitaph  at  Dryburgh  Abbey—"  Yellow- 
backs "  :  "  Green-Backs,"  414—"  Rain-smir,"  415— Words- 
worth :  Variant  Readings-The  "Halls'  District,  416- 
Hobby-Horse — Gower  Family  of  Worcestershire— "Gale" 
—Alexandrines  in  Shakespeare,  417  —  Bohemians  and 
Gipsies— Wellington  and  Bliicher  at  Waterloo — Builders 
in  Devonshire  —  Scotch  and  Irish  Booksellers— Francis 
Peck— Miers,  Silhouette  Artist,  418 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:— 'The  Nobilities  of  Europe'— 'The 

Burlington  Magazine.' 
Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
OBITUARY  :— Mr.  C.  G.  Smithers. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


QUEEN  ELIZABETH'S  DAY, 
17    NOVEMBER. 

{Continued  from  10  S.  xii.  404.) 

1570.  Roger  Ascham,  '  The  Scholemaster, ' 
€d.  Arber,  1870,  p.  67,  says  of  the  Queen's 
learning  : — 

"  It  is  your  shame. .  .  .you  yong  gentlemen  of 
England  that  one  mayde  should  go  beyond  you 
all,  in  excellencie  of  learnyng,  and  knowledge  of 
diuers  tonges ....  beside  her  perfit  readines,  in 
Latin,  Italian,  French,  and  Spanish,  she  readeth 
here  now  at  Windsore  more  Greeke  euery  day 
than  some  Prebendarie  of  this  Chirch  doth  read 
Latin  in  a  whole  weeke,"  &c. 

1576.  '  A  Fourme  of  Praier  with  Thankes 
Giuing,  to  be  vsed  euery  yeere,  the  17  of  Nouem- 
ber,  beyng  the  day  of  the  Queenes  Majesties 
«ntrie  to  her  raigne.' — Reprinted  in  Benham's 
Prayer-Book  of  Q.  Elizabeth,'  1890  (reissue, 
1009),  pp.  227-36,  "  the  first  of  the  kind  which  we 
have  "  (p.  xi). 


1579.  Stephen     Gosson,     '  The     Schoole 
of  Abuse,'  ed.  Arber,  1868,  p.  39,  pays  this 
compliment : — 

"  God  hath  now  blessed  England  with  a  Queene 
in  vertue  excellent,  in  power  mightie,  in  glorye 
renowned,  in  gouernment  politike,  in  possession 
rich,  breaking  her  foes  with  the  bent  of  her  brow, 
ruling  her  subiects  with  shaking  her  hand,"  &c. 

1580.  See  John  Lyly,  '  Euphues  and  his 
England,'  ed.  Arber,  1868,  pp.  449-64. 

1585.  John  Prime.  '  A  Sermon  briefly  com- 
paring the  Estate  of  King  Solomon  and  His  Sub- 
jects, together  with  the  condition  of  Queene 
Elizabeth  and  Her  People,  preached  in  Sainct 
Maries  in  Oxford  the  17  of  November.'  12mo, 
Oxford. 

1588.  The  same.     '  The  Consolations  of  David 
briefly     applied     to     Queen     Elizabeth.'      12mo, 
Oxford. 

1589.  George  Puttenham,    *  The  Arte  of 
English   Poesie,'    ed.    Arber,    1869,    contains 
much  in  praise  of  Elizabeth. 

1601.  William  Barlow,  Bishop  of  Lincoln.  '  The 
Eagle  and  the  Body,  a  Sermon  preached  before 
Queen  Elizabeth  of  precious  memory,  in  Lent, 
1601.'  4to,  1609. 

1603.  A  picture   of  her,   lying  in   state, 
was  painted  on  the  wall  of  the   church  of 
St.  Peter-in- the-East,  Oxford  (Hearne's  '  Col- 
lections,' i.  283). 

Monuments  were  erected  to  her  in  many 
churches  (5  S.  vii.  406). 

1604.  T.  W. '  A  Succinct  Philosophical  Declara- 
tion   of     the     nature    of     Clymactericall      Yeere 
occasioned  by  the  Death  of   Queene  Elizabeth.' 
4to. 

1660.  Queen  Elizabeth's  arms  were  newly 
painted  in  St.  Peter's,  Tiverton  (Chalk, 
'  Tiverton  Church,'  1905,  p.  208). 

1680.  Christopher  Ness,  'Church-His- 
tory,' p.  484,  records  these  tributes  to  the 
Queen  : — 

"  Sixtus  the  5th.... could  commend  Q.  Eliza- 
beth for  an  excellent  Governess,  yea,  she  became 
renowned  throughout  the  world,  as  the  glory  of  her 
sex,  and  the  lustre  of  her  land,  and  a  poet  stiles 
her,  on  earth  the  first  Virgin  (or  chief,  as  she  was 
a  Queen)  and  in  Heaven,  the  second,  next  to  the 
Virgin  Mary  ;  yea,  at  Venice  she  was  tearmed 
St.  Elizabeth,  whereupon  the  Lord  Carleton 
(English-Embassador  there)  said,  Although  he 
were  a  Papist,  he  would  never  pray  to  any  other 
Saint  but  to  that  St.  Elizabeth  :  Assuredly,  her 
zeal  for  the  Reformed  Religion  sainted  and 
renown'd  her  most  of  all." 

1849.  A  section  is  given  to  this  day  in 
Brand's  '  Popular  Antiquities,'  by  Ellis 
and  Bohn,  i.  404-8,  where  many  quaint 
extracts  are  collected. 

1858.  Seven  columns  of  small  type  are 
given  to  her  in  Lowndes's  *  Bibliographer's 
Manual,'  ed.  Bohn,  ii.  726-30. 

W.  C.  B. 


402 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  NOV.  19,  1910. 


RICHARD     DOYLE,     WILLIAM     NEW- 
MAN,   AND    'PUNCH.' 

SIB  F.  C.  BURNAND,  in  the  October  number 
of  The  Dublin  Review  ('  "  Punch "  and 
Pontiffs  '),  discussing  Doyle's  secession  from 
the  paper,  says  :  "  There  did  not  happen 
to  be  any  other  Catholic  on  the  staff  in 
Doyle's  time."  It  seems  strange  that  Sir 
Francis  should  forget — stranger  still  if  he 
never  heard — how  William  Newman,  a 
most  devout  Catholic,  organist  of  a  church, 
an  artist,  who  had  been  engaged  on  Punch 
from  its  birth,  and,  without  a  break,  till 
1850,  resigned  his  post  together  with  Doyle, 
and  from  similar  conscientious  scruples. 

Phiz,  Henning,  and  Newman  were,  at  the 
inaugural  dinner  at  "  The  Edinburgh  Castle," 
officially  nominated  to  form  the  artistic 
staff.  Phiz  designed  the  wrapper  ;  Henning 
sketched  the  cartoons  for  Nos.  1  and  3  ; 
Newman  drew  the  cartoon  for  No.  2  ;  while 
Leech,  in  those  early  days  merely  an 
"  occasional,"  made  his  first  appearance  with 
the  cartoon  for  No.  4  '  Foreign  Affairs !  ' 
Newman  had,  prior  to  this,  worked  for 
Landells  and  Joseph  Last,  the  founders  and, 
for  a  time,  chief  proprietors  of  Punch,  and 
bade  fair  to  be  chief  cartoonist  after  Henning 
had  been  "  shelved."  But  Newman  was 
of  a  shy,  diffident  nature,  and  was  pushed 
aside,  first  by  the  self-confident,  well- 
maintained  Crowquill  ;  and  next  by  the 
rapid  development  of  Leech's  marvellous 
talent.  On  the  one  topic  of  religion,  I  have 
been  told,  Newman  could  speak  well  and 
fluently  ;  Herbert,  the  R.A.,  is  said  to  have 
been  glad  of  Newman's  company  whenever  he 
had  to  pay  visits  where  ecclesiastical  matters 
might  be  discussed. 

It  was  far  more  serious  for  Newman  to 
relinquish  Punch  than  for  Doyle ;  for, 
despite  his  undoubted  talent  (of  a  sort), 
Newman  had  entirely  failed  to  "  make  his 
mark,"  and  he  had  no  private  means. 
Save  for  a  temporary  lift  with  the  issue 
of  Diogenes  (1853-5),  life  became  a  weari- 
some struggle  for  him.  At  last,  when  the 
Civil  War  broke  out,  he  received  an  offer 
from  a  New  York  paper  (Vanity  Fair, 
I  think),  and  went  to  America.  Presum- 
ably, with  his  record  as  "  one  of  the  Punch 
artists,"  he  succeeded.  But  so  little  was 
his  name  known  here  in  England,  beyond  a 
few  customers  and  acquaintances,  it  would 
be  only  by  chance  that  one  might  fix  the 
date  or  the  place  of  his  death.  The  brilliant 
Bohemians  who  formed  the  Diogenes  staff 
treated  Newman  with  scant  respect ;  being 


all  men  who  had  "  arrived,"  they  probably 
despised  a  struggler  who  never  seemed  to 
"  get  on."  HERBERT  B.  CLAYTON. 

39,  Renfrew  Road,  Lower  Kenningtan  Lane. 


KING'S     'CLASSICAL    AND     FOREIGN 
QUOTATIONS.' 

(See  10  S.  ii.  231.  351  ;  iii.  447  ;  vii.  24  ; 
ix.  107,  284,  333  ;  x.  126,  507  ;  xi.  247  ; 
xii.  127;  11  S.  i.  463;  ii.  123.) 

No.  104,  "  Amico  d'ognuno,  amico  di 
nessuno.  Prov. — Every  one's  friend  is  no 
one's  friend." — King  compares  "  A  favourite 
has  no  friend "  from  Gray.  But  the 
"  Fav'rite,"  as  Gray  wrote  it,  in  his  ode  on 
the  cat,  is  surely  not  "  every  one's  friend," 
but  rather,  to  quote  Johnson's  definition, 
"  One  chosen  as  a  companion  by  a  superior, 
a  mean  wretch  [alas,  poor  Selima  !]  whose 
whole  business  is  by  any  means  to  please." 

No.  361,  "  Conticuisse  nocet  nunquam, 
nocet  esse  locutum." — M.  Gaidoz  ha» 
pointed  out  to  me  that  if  the  comma  is. 
removed  this  line  can  be  read  in  two  different 
ways  so  as  to  convey  opposite  meanings. 
See  the  examples  quoted  by  King  under. 
No.  69. 

No.  811,  "  Foris  ut  mos  est  :  intus  ut 
libet." — Is  not  this  proverb  based  on 
Seneca,  Epist.  5,  2,  "  Intus  omnia  dissimilia 
sint :  frons  nostra  populo  conveniat "  ? 
At  any  rate  there  is  a  close  similarity. 

No.  1290,  "  Laterem  lavem.  Ter.,  'Phorm.' 
1,  4,  9. — As  good  wash  a  brickbat." — The 
translation  may  mislead,  for  it  is  not  always 
recognized  that  the  later  of  this  expression 
was  a  sun-dried  brick,  not  one  baked  in  a 
kiln.  See  Middleton,  '  Remains  of  Ancient 
Rome,'  vol.  i.  pp.  10,  11.  The  meaning  is- 
well  illustrated  by  some  lines  of  Theodulfus, 
Bishop  of  Orleans  (ob.  821)  :— 
Sic  crudum  studeat  laterem  dum  quisque  lavare, 

Quo  magis  eluerit,  plus  facit   inde  luti. 

'  Carmina,'  lib.  VI.  x.  185-6. 

Crude  brick  when  exposed  to  rain  crumbles 
away. 

No.  3025  (this  and  the  remaining  quota- 
tions are  from  the,'  Adespota  '),  "  Cela  doit 
etre  beau,    car   je   n'y   comprends   rien."- 
Could  this  be  a  recollection  of  the  words  in 
Moliere's  '  Le  Medecin  malgr6  lui,'  Act  I 
sc.  v.,  where  Lucas  says  "  Oui,  caestsi  biau, 
que  je  n'y  entends  goutte  "  ? 

No.  3057,  "  Inter  Grsecos  Graecissimus, 
inter  Latinos  Latinissimus." — Erasmus  thus 
describes  Rodolphus  Agricola  (Roelof  Huys- 
man)  in  his  '  Adagia,'  p.  172,  col.  2  (ed.  1629) 
s.v.  '  Dissimilitude,'  sub-heading  '  Quid  cam 
et  balneo  ?  ' 


ii  s.  ii.  xov.  19, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


408 


No.  3100,  "  Relata  refero." — Biichmann, 
'  Gefliigelte  Worte,'  20th  ed.,  p.  367,  traces 
this  back  to  Herodotus,  vii.  152,  eyw  Sc 
oc^ei'Aw  Aeyeiv  TO,  Acyo'/xc^a. 

No.  3106,  "  Sunt  pueri  pueri ;  pueri 
puerilia  tractant." — King's  comment  is  "An 
equivalent,  and  perhaps  translation,  of  our 
own  common  saying,  '  Boys  will  be  boys.'  ' 
Is  there  any  evidence  that  an  English  origin 
can  be  claimed  for  the  line  ?  Various  forms 
of  the  saying  in  Latin,  Dutch,  German,  and 
Danish  are  given  in  W.  H.  D.  Suringar's 
edition  of  Heinrich  Bebel's  '  Proverbia 
Germanica.' 

No.  3109,  "  Ubi  bene,  nemo  melius  ;  ubi 
male,  nemo  pejus — Said  (?)  of  Origen's 
style." — When  a  quotation  is  proposed  for 
identification  there  is  some  satisfaction  in 
knowing  by  whom  and  on*  what  occasion 
it  has  been  quoted.  I  incline  to  think  that 
Mr.  King  may  have  been  directly  or  indirectly 
indebted  to  the  '  Patiniana,'  p."  89  ('  Naudse- 
ana  et  Patiniana,'  Amsterdam,  1703),  where 
we  read  of  Pietro  Aretino,  "  C'etoit  un  homme 
extremement  debauche,  &  on  a  dit  de  lui 
ce  qu'on  disoit  autrefois  d'Origene :  Ubi 
bene,  nemo  melius  ;  ubi  male,  nemo  pejus" 

"  Publius  "  Syrus,  referred  to  in  the  note 
on  No.  3023  (p.  124,  ante],  should  have  been 
Publilius  Syrus.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 


LITTLE  GIDDING  AND  MARY  COLET. — The 
following  copies  of  two  entries  in  the  old 
register  of  the  parish  of  Steeple  Gidding 
may  be  of  interest  to  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q,.' 
I  give  exactly  the  spelling  and  punctuation 
of  the  register  : — 

1680 

M.I  ry  Colet  of  ye  parish  of  Mary  bourn  in  y*  County 
<>!'  Middlesex  Spinster  was  buried  at  Little  Gidding 
in  y"  County  of  Huntingdon  Novemb  ye  9th  1680, 
being  aged  fourscore  years — in  sheeps  wool 
onely,  according  to  ye  true  intent  &  meaning  of 
an  act  of  parliament  entituled  an  act  for  burying  in 
wollen 

Sworn  before  John  fferrar  esqr  (y*  day  &  year 
aboue  sayd)  one  of  his  Majesties  justices  of  y* 
pi-;i,.?e  for  the  County  of  Huntingdon,  by  Eliz  : 
Kcyston  and  F.lizab  Overton  of  y9  County  of 
Middlesex  aboue  sayd. 

The  entry  occurs  in  chronological  order 
among  burials  at  Steeple  Gidding.  No 
note-  of  explanation  is  given  as  to  why  a 
burial  at  Little  Gidding  was  registered  in 
tliM  next  parish.  But  it  is  fairly  certain 
that  there  was  no  register  kept  at  Little 
Gidding  at  that  date.  The  only  extant 
record  of  burials  at  Little  Gidding  from 
1637  to  1750  is  in  one  handwriting,  and  is 
alleged  to  have  been  compiled  from  grave- 


stones, on  6  January,   1751.     Among  these 
occurs  the  entry  : — 

1680 

Nov  9th  Mary  ye  daughter  of  I.  Co  llett  Esqre  A 
Susannah  his  wife. 

An  entry  in  another  part  of  the  Steeple 
Gidding  register  is  of  interest : — 

Mre  Mary  Colett  ye  parish  of  Marybourn  in  ye 
County  of  Middlesex  buried  at  Little  Gidding; 
Novemb  ye  9th  1680  gave  twenty  shillings  to  y* 
parish  of  Steeple  Gidding  \vch  was  thus  distri- 
buted not  long  after 

Widdow  Chafer          . .  050 

Goody  Barton  .  .  050 

Y8  Widdow  Holdsworth  050 

Thomas  Gregory       . .  026 

James  Warner  . .  026 

Anthony  Hill      Rector — 
If    Mary  Colet  gave  anything  by  will  to 
Little    Gidding,  there   is    no  known   record 
of  it.  W.  BRERETON. 

Steeple  Gidding  Rectory,  Peterborough. 

"  MOVING  PICTURES  "  IN  FLEET  STREET 
IN  1709. — In  these  days  of  cinematograph 
theatres,  with  their  temporary  overwhelm- 
ing popularity,  special  interest  should  attach 
to  the  earliest  forms  of  "  moving  pictures  " 
shown  in  England.  In  The  Post  Boy  for 
10-12  March,  1709,  there  was  this  advertise- 
ment : — 

"  It  is  desir'd,  That  all  Gentlemen,  Ladies,  and 
others,  will  be  pleased  to  observe  what  is  here 
inserted,  which  is,  That  the  most  Famous  and* 
Curious  Original  Moving  Picture  which  came 
from  Germany,  that  was  designed  for  the  Elector 
of  Bavaria,  is  still  to  be  seen  at  the  Duke  of  Marl- 
borough's  Head  in  Fleet-street,  and  has  not  been 
removed  from  there  since  first  put  up,  and  will 
continue  there  until  the  1st  of  May  next ;  altho 
several  Impostures,  as  they  may  be  justly  called, 
have  scandalously  exposed  to  Publick  View 
both  in  Town  and  Country  several  other  Pictures, 
pretending  them  to  be  the  Original  Moving- 
Picture,  which  are  so  defective,  that  any  Person 
may  discover  them  to  be  most  shameful  Counter- 
feits, and  perfect  Impositions  upon  the  Publick. 
This  is  inserted  to  prevent  all  Gentlemen,  Ladies, 
and  others,  being  imposed  upon,  who  have  the 
Curiosity  of  seeing  the  real  and  true  Original, 
at  the  Duke  of  Maryborough's  Head  in  Fleet- 
street." 

One  would  be  glad  to  know  something 
more  concerning  this  "  most  Famous  and 
Curious  Original  Moving  Picture,"  which 
would  seem  to  have  been  some  sort  of 
panorama.  ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

FIRST  ENGLISH  BOOK  ON  BOOKBINDING, 
— A  little  volume  printed  at  Oswestry  in 
1811  appears  to  be  the  first  book  on  book- 
binding in  the  English  language  : — 

"  The  whole  art  of  Bookbinding,  containing 
valuable  recipes  for  sprinkling,  mabling  [sic], 
colouring  &c.  Oswestry  :  Printed  and  sold 


404 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  11.  NOV.  19, 1910. 


for  the  Author  by  N.  Minshall :  sold  also  by 
Crosby  &  Co.  London  ;  Wilson  &  Son,  York  ; 
Mozley,  Gainsbro  ;  Lumsden,  Glasgow ;  and 
Gilbert  &  Hodges,  Dublin.  1811."  Pp.  xii,  60. 

Although  the  author  in  the  preface  styles 
this  a  "  treatise,"  it  is  not  very  systematic, 
and  takes  for  granted  an  acquaintance 
with  the  tools  used  in  the  art,  as  no  descrip- 
tion of  them  is  given.  The  first  section 
deals  with  "  forwarding  "  (folding,  backing, 
boarding,  cutting,  and  cutting  out  of 
boards)  ;  then  follow  directions  and  recipes 
for  colouring  edges  ;  after  these,  instructions 
for  marbling  ;  and  lastly  the  preparation  of 
colours  for  backs.  Two  pages  of  "  useful 
information"  complete  the  booklet. 

Feeling  interested  in  this  first  English 
contribution  to  the  literature  of  what  Han- 
nett  called  "  bibliopegia,"  I  was  curious  as 
to  its  authorship.  The  usual  authorities 
ignore  the  book,  which  appears  to  be  very 
scarce.  I  appealed  to  my  friend  Mr.  Thomas 
Owen,  the  editor  of  the  Oswestry  Commercial 
Circular,  and  found  that,  notwithstanding 
his  great  knowledge  of  local  history,  he  had 
never  heard  of  this  particular  printer,  who 
is  said  to  have  printed  an  edition  of  the 
*  Westminster  Confession  of  Faith.'  The 
result  of  his  inquiries  is  that  Nathaniel 
Minshall,  printer  at  Oswestry,  afterwards 
became  a  solicitor,  and  was  the  founder  of 
&  firm  now  in  practice.  Mr.  Owen  thinks 
that  Minshall,  who  was  essentially  practical 
in  his  character,  was  the  writer,  as  well  as 
the  printer,  of  this,  which  I  believe  to  be 
the  first  English  book  on  bookbinding.  If 
there  is  an  earlier,  I  should  be  glad  to  hear 
of  it.  WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 

Plymouth  Grove,  Manchester. 

"  RIGHTS  OF  MAN  "  :  ORIGINATOR  OF 
THE  PHRASE.  —  Without  doubt  Thomas 
Paine  is  generally  credited  as  being  the 
originator  of  this  title,  but  I  have  just  met 
with  a  statement  made  by  Thomas  Spence 
in  his  '  Pig's  Meat,'  vol.  iii.  p.  250,  in  which 
he  states  that  he  used  it  many  years  before 
Paine  published  '  The  Rights  of  Man.' 

In  1794  Thomas  Spence  was  confined  in 
Newgate  upon  a  charge  of  high  treason, 
and  there  he  wrote  a  song,  '  The  Rights  of 
Man.'  This  song  was  reprinted  in  '  Pig's 
Meat,'  vol.  iii.,  with  the  following  foot- 
note : — 

"  The  composer  of  this  song  was  the  first  who, 
so  far  as  he  knows,  made  use  of  the  phrase  '  Rights 
of  Man,'  which  was  on  the  following  remarkable 
occasion  :  A  man  who  had  been  a  farmer,  and 
also  a  miner,  and  who  had  been  ill-used  by  his 
landlord,  dug  a  cave  for  himself  by  the  seaside,  at 
Marston  Rocks,  between  Shields  and  Sunder- 
land,  about  the  year  1780,  and  the  singularity  of 


such  a  habitation  excited  the  curiosity  of  many  to 
pay  him  a  visit ;  our  author  was  one  of  that 
number.  Exulting  in  the  idea  of  a  human  being 
who  had  bravely  emancipated  himself  from  the 
iron  fangs  of  aristocracy,  to  live  free  from  impost, 
he  wrote  extempore  with  chalk,  above  the  fire- 
place of  this  freedman,  the  following  lines  : — 

Ye  landlords  vile,  who  man's  peace  mar, 
Come  levy  rents  here  if  you  can  ; 

Your  stewards  and  lawyers  I  defy, 

And  live  with  all  the  Rights  of  Man." 

ARTHUR  W.  WALTERS. 

BRADSHAW'S  ALLEGED  BURIAL  IN 
JAMAICA.  (See  3  S.  ii.  412,  458.)— The 
tradition  in  Jamaica  that  Bradshaw's  re- 
mains are  interred  in  a  remote  spot  in  that 
island  has  some  countenance  in  the  fact 
that  his  son,  with  sons  of  two  other  Regicides, 
removed  to  Jamaica. 

Subjoined  is  an  extract  from  a  document 
preserved  at  Fulham  Palace.  The  paper 
is  not  signed  or  dated,  but  is  endorsed  as 
of  1724.  From  internal  evidence  it  appears 
to  be  a  Report  to  the  Bishop  of  London,  by 
his  Commissary  in  Jamaica,  upon  the  state 
of  the  Church  in  that  island  in  1723-4. 
Incidentally,  mention  is  made  by  the 
writer  (probably  the  Rev.  William  May) 
of  the  fact  that  sons  of  Bradshaw,  Scot,  and 
Harrison  had  settled  in  the  island. 

(Parish  of  St.  Elizabeth,  Jamaica.) 
*  *  *  * 

"  Here  are  more  Dessenters  than  anywhere 
else  in  the  Island,  viz.,  Quakers  and  Presbyterians. 
The  Quakers  have  a  Meeting  House  at  Lacovia, 
and  some  of  'em  have  great  estates,  viz.,  the 
Dicksons  and  Gales,  but  are  so  moderate,  as  to 
permit  their  children  to  be  christened  by  the 
Ministers  of  the  Church  of  England,  when 
desired  by  their  Relations. 

"  The  Presbyterians  were  wont  to  meet  at 
Coll1  Scot's,  a  son  of  Mr.  Scot,  one  of  K.  Charles 
the  First's  Judges,  and  had  for  some  time  among 
them  the  Ministers  that  came  from  Caledonia,  or 
Darien,  but  are  all  of  'em  now  pretty  well  recon- 
cil'd  to  the  Church,  and  frequent  it  more  than 
many  of  our  own  people.  There  are  few  besides 
in  the  Island.  Bradshaw,  the  son  of  President 
Bradshaw,  came  frequently  to  Liguania,  and 
received  the  sacrament  there  ;  so  did  Harrison 
(the  son  of  Coll1  Harrison,  another  of  K.  Ch.  the 
Ist's  Judges),  and  lies  buried  in  the  Church  of 
St.  Andrew's,  Liguania." 

N.  DARNELL  DAVIS. 

Royal  Colonial  Institute, 

Northumberland  Avenue. 

'  SIR  JOHN  OLDCASTLE  '  :    Two  NOTES.- 
"  None  shall  go  abroade  out  of    the  parish  (a)  ; 
and  they  have  set  an  order  downe  forsoothe,  wha 
every  poore  housholder  must  give  towards   our 
relief e  (b)  :    where  there  be  some  ceased,  I  may 
say  to  you,  had  almost  as  much  neede  to  beg  as  we 
(c)."— '  Sir  John  Oldcastle,'  I.  iii.  8-13. 


n  B.  11.  NOV.  19,  1910.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


405 


A  clear  reference  to  the  Poor  Law  legisla- 
tion of  1598.  The  first  sentence  (a)  gives 
the  gist  of  39-40  Eliz.  c.  3,  §  10.  The 
second  sentence  (b)  sums  up  §  1  of  the 
Act.  "  Poore  "  hardly  means  impecunious, 
but  rather  expresses  commiseration  (as  in 
"  Poor  souls,  they  perish' d/'  *  Tempest,' 
I.  ii.  9)  with  the  taxpayer,  and  probably 
reveals  the  views  which  the  author  of  the 
play  held  upon  the  question  of  State  sub- 
sidies for  paupers.  The  final  sentence  (c) 
suggests  that  section  2  of  this  Act  was  not 
observed  as  it  might  have  been. 

Prof.  Dowden  thinks  '  Hamlet,'  V.  i.  150, 
refers  to  the  Act  of  1601  amending  (e.g., 
omitting  §10)  and  continuing  39-40  Eliz.  c.  3. 

"If  a  poore  man  come  to  a  doore  to  aske  for 
Gods  sake,  they  aske  him  for  a  licence,  or  a 
certificate  from  a  justice."—'  3Hr  John  Oldcastle,' 
I.  iii.  15-17. 

This  and  the  preceding  quotation  serve  to 
fix  the  date  of  the  play  as  being  pretty  near 
1598,  or  two  years  before  the  publication  of 
Ql.  This  Poor  Law  legislation  evidently 
created  considerable  interest  at  the  time, 
for  here  we  have  a  reference  to  the  next 
chapter  in  the  Statute  Book,  39-40  Eliz. 
c.  4,  by  section  14  of  which 

"  every  seafaring  man  suffering  shipwreck,  not 
having  wherewith  to  relieve  himself  in  his  travels 
homeward,  but  having  a  testimonial  under  the 
hand  of  some  one  justice  of  the  peace  of  the  place 
whore  he  landed.  ..  .may,  without  incurring  the 
penalty  of  this  Act  [for  punishment  of  rogues, 
vagabonds,  and  sturdy  beggars],  ask  to  receive 
such  relief  as  shall  be  necessary  for  his  passage." 

It  was  the  Elizabethan  policy  to  favour 
British  Seamen  ;  cp.  5  Eliz.  c.  5. 

P.    A.    MCELWAINE. 

"  UTILITARIAN."  (See  9  S.  vii.  425  ; 
ix.  197  ;  x.  152,  255,  431.)— Both  the  epithet 
and  the  abstract  term  seem  to  have  been 
pretty  well  understood  even  before  they  were 
used  by  Mahony  in  1834,  as  mentioned  at  the 
second  reference. 

Writing  from  Rugby  on  6  May,  1833,  to  his 
friend  the  Chevalier  Bunsen,  Dr.  Arnold 
says  : — 

"  I  detest  Jacobinism  in  its  root  and  in  its 
branches,  with  all  that  godless  Utilitarianism, 
which  is  its  favourite  aspect  at  this  moment  in 
England." 

On  23  October  of  "the  same  year,  in  a  letter 
to  Mr.  Serjeant  (afterwards  Mr.  Justice) 
Coleridge,  he  writes  : — 

"  Undoubtedly,  I  fear  that  the  Government 
lend  an  ear  too  readily  to  the  "Utilitarians  and 
others  of  that  coarse  and  hard  stamp,  whose 
influence  can  be  nothing  but  evil." 

On  21  October,  1836,  Dr.  Arnold,  writing 
as  follows  to  his  future  biographer,  A.  P. 


Stanley,  virtually  anticipates  by  eighteen 
years  the  philosophical  application  which 
was  made  famous  and  permanent  by  John 
Stuart  Mill  :— 

"  But  to  supply  the  place  of  Conscience,  with 
the  dpxat-  of  Fanaticism  on  one  hand  and  of 
Utilitarianism  on  the  other — on  one  side  is  the 
mere  sign  from  Heaven,  craved  by  those  who 
heeded  not  Heaven's  first  sign  written  within 
them  : — on  the  other,  it  is  the  idea  which,  hardly 
hovering  on  the  remotest  outskirts  of  Christianity, 
readily  Hies  off  to  the  camp  of  Materialism  and 
Atheism  ;  the  mere  pared  and  plucked  notion  of 
'  good  '  exhibited  by  the  word  '  useful  '  ;  which 
seems  to  me  the  idea  of  '  good  '  robbed  of  its 
nobleness, — the  sediment  from  which  the  filtered 
water  has  been  assiduously  separated.  It  were 
a  strange  world,  if -there  were  indeed  in  it  no  one 
apXircKToviKov  tidos  but  that  of  the  £v/j.<t>epov  ;  if 
KO\OV  were  only  Ka\ov,  tin  ^i>fjt,<f>epov.  But  this  is 
one  of  the  peculiarities  of  the  English  mind  ; 
the  Puritan  and  the  Benthamite  have  an  immense 
part  of  their  nature  in  common." 

The  key-note  of  Arnold's  career — that  to 
which  he  ardently  responded  both  as 
educationist  and  man  of  letters — was  at  a 
pitch  altogether  above  and  beyond  the  range 
of  the  Jacobinism  and  the  Benthamism  by 
which  his  ears  were  constantly  assailed,  and 
with  which  he  was  ready  to  wage  mortal  con- 
flict. For  him  the  system  of  morals  that 
was  presently  designated  Utilitarianism  was, 
as  an  interpretation  of  life,  as  defective  as 
'  Hamlet  '  would  be  without  the  Prince. 

THOMAS    BAYNE. 

"  WINCHESTER  QUART  "  AND  "  CORBYN." 
— These  are  the  names  of  two  glass  bottles 
in  which  fluids  are  sent  out  by  wholesale 
druggists.  They  have  round  shoulders  and 
short  necks,  and  are  of  the  same  diameter  ; 
the  "  quart "  is  tall,  and  holds  about 
82  fluid  ounces,  more  than  half  a  gallon  ; 
the  corbyn  is  squat,  and  holds  half  that 
quantity.  The  '  N.E.D.'  makes  no  mention 
of  "  corbyn,"  nor  does  it,  under  '  Quart,' 
mention  the  larger  bottle.  As  it  will  be 
some  time  before  it  gets  to  W,  information 
as  to  the  origin  of  these  names  seems  desir- 
able. 

The  Winchester  quart,  or  "  Winchester," 
does  not  appear  to  have  any  relation  to  the 
Winchester  bushel,  which  was  merely  a 
variant  of  the  old  corn-bushel,  about  one 
per  cent  larger — a  difference  probably  due 
to  the  difficulty  of  casting  a  bronze  pan  of 
exactly  the  right  capacity. 

The  '  N.E.D.'  has  under  '  Chopin  '  :  "  '  A 
French  liquid  measure  containing  nearly  a 
pint  of  Winchester '  (J.),  i.e.  half  an  old 
French  pinte."  It  would  thus  appear  that 
in  Johnson's  time  there  was  a  Winchester 
fluid  measure  of  approximately  French 


406 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  11.  NOV.  19,  mo. 


standard,  in  which  the  pint  was  about  an  old 
wine-quart,  and  the  quart  presumably  about 
two  wine-quarts.  But  both  "  Winchester 
quart  "  and  "  corbyn  "  correspond,  not  to 
this  old  wine -standard,  but  to  that  of  the  old 
Ale-gallon,  equal  to  about  163  fluid  ounces, 
the  imperial  gallon  being  160  ounces.  Did 
they  become  increased  from  the  standard  of 
the  old  wine-gallon,  133  ounces  (or  the 
French  galon  or  half-velte,  139  ounces), 
to  that  of  the  ale -gallon  ? 

There  does  not  seem  any  probability  of 
their  having  come  from  the  Channel  Islands 
{in  the  diocese  of  Winchester).  Guernsey 
has  a  "  quinte,"  one-fifth  of  the  "  denerel," 
«qual,  for  corn,  to  our  old  bushel ;  but  it  has 
no  quart,  at  least  no  local  quart.  Jersey 
has  a  gallon  equal  to  143  fluid  ounces. 

As  to  the  name  "  corbyn,"  it  may  have 
been  originally  a  proper  name  attached  to 
this  peculiar  shape  of  bottle,  half  the 
Winchester  quart. 

EDWARD  NICHOLSON. 

Paris. 

HANGING  ALIVE  IN  CHAINS. — In  the 
course  of  the  recent  discussion  upon  this 
matter  MB.  ALFRED  MARKS  inquired  (10  S. 
xi.  405),  "  Till  what  date  did  the  punish- 
ment remain  in  use  ?  "  The  following 
extract  from  Wybarne's  '  The  New  Age  of 
Old  Names  '  seems  relevant  to  show  that  by 
1609  (the  date  of  publication  of  the  book)  it 
had  ceased  to  be  used.  He  says  under  '  New 
Names  of  Justice,'  p.  59  : — 

"  Divers  things  are  pretended  to  be  enemies 
to  justice,  as  first  the  remitting  of  the  rigor  of  our 
auncient  lawes,  whereby  wilfull  murtherers  were 
hanged  alive  in  chaines  ;  but  howsoeuer  this  seame 
to  equalize  common  fellons  to  them,  for  as  much 
AS  according  to  the  present  state,  their  execu- 
tions differ  not  in  sense  but  in  shame,  yet  if  we 
consider  all  circumstances,  we  shall  finde,  first 
that  this  death  by  famine  cuts  off  the  ordinary 
meanes  of  repentance,  because  it  exceedeth  the 
patience  of  mans  nature,  and  drives  him  to  un- 
expected dispaires  and  obstinacie :  againe,  it 
shall  appeare  that  this  auncient  cruelty  would 
now  too  much  harden  our  hearts,  more  then 
sufficiently  frozen  ouer  with  the  insensible  yse  of 
incharitablenesse." 

G.  THORN-DRURY. 

THOMAS  GRIFFITHS  WAINE WRIGHT. — The 
following  announcement  of  the  marriage  of 
the  father  and  mother  of  this  notorious 
poisoner  adds  a  definite  fact  or  two  to  the 
notice  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  : — 

[Thursday,  13  December,  1792].  "At  Chiswick, 
Thomas  Waiuewright,  Eqr.,  of  Sloane  Street,  to 
Miss  Griffiths,  only  daughter  of  Ralph  Griffiths, 
Esq  ,  LL.D.,  of  Turnham  Green."— General  Evening 
Post,  15-18  December,  1792. 

W.  ROBERTS. 


(gwrus. 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
bo  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

SPEAKERS     OF     THE     HOUSE     OF 
COMMONS :    THEIR  PORTRAITS. 

I  AM  preparing  for  early  publication  a 
work  by  Mr.  Arthur  Dasent,  entitled  '  The 
Speakers  and  the  House  of  Commons.'  As 
we  are  endeavouring  to  reproduce  a  portrait 
of  every  Speaker  where  possible,  I  appeal 
for  aid  to- the  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 

Here  is  the  list  of  those  we  are  still  without 
portraits  of.  The  date  represents  the  year 
of  the  appointment : — 

William  Alington  . . 

William  Alington  . . 

Thomas  Bampfylde 

Richard  Baynard  . . 

Sir  Walter  Beauchamp 

Henry  Beaumont  . . 

John  Bowes 

William  Burley 

Sir  John  Bussy     . . 

Sir  Thomas  Charlton 

Sir  John  Cheyne   . . 

John  Dorewood     . . 

Sir  Thomas  Englefield 

Sir  Thomas  Fitzwilliam 

Roger  Flower 

Sir  John  Goldesborough 

Henry  Green 

John  Green 

Sir  Nicholas  Hare . . 

Roger  Hunt 

Sir  Lislebone  Long 

Sir  Peter  de  la  Mare 

Peter  de  Montfort 

Sir  Thomas  Moyle 

Sir  William  Oldhall 

Sir  James  Pickering 

Sir  John  Pollard    , . 

Sir  John  Popham 

Sir  Henry  Redford 

Richard  Redman 

Sir  John  Russell    . . 

William  Say 

Sir  Geoffrey  Le  Scrope 

William  de  Shareshulle 

William  Stourton 

Sir  James  Strangeways 

Sir  William  Sturmy 

Thomas  Thorpe     . . 

William  de  Thorpe 

Sir  Thomas  Tresham 

William  Tresham 

William  Trussell    .. 

Sir  John  Tyrrell   . . 

Sir  Richard  Waldegrave 

Sir    Thomas     Walton     (o 

Wanton).  . 
Sir  John  Wenlock 
Sir  Humphrey  Wingfield 
John  Wood 


1429 

1472 

1659 

1421 

1416 

1331-2 

1435 

1437 

1393-8 

1453-4 

1399 

1399 

1496-7 

14.88-9 

1416 

1379-80 

1362-3 

1460 

1539 

1420 

1659 

1376 

1258 

1542 

1450 

1378 

1553 

1449 

1402 

1415 

1423 

1659 

1332 

1351-2 

1413 

1461 

1404 

1452-3 

1348 

1459 

1439 

1326-7 

1127 

1381 


1425 
1455 
1533 
1482-3 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  19,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


407 


As  the  early  date  in  many  cases  precludes 
the  possibility  of  there  being  paintings,  we 
«an  only  hope  for  portraits  in  church 
windows,  or  monumental  brasses  and  monu- 
mental effigies  :  the  clergy  and  antiquaries 
are  therefore  specially  asked  for  help.  Please 
reply  direct.  JOHN  LANE. 

The  Bodley  Head,  Vigo  Street,  W. 


HOMER  AND  ULYSSES  :  ALLEGORICAL 
INTERPRETATION. — The  prodigies  that  fol- 
lowed the  unhallowed  meal  out  of  the  slain 
oxen  of  the  Sun,  taken  by  Ulysses'  crew 
under  the  fatal  advice  of  Eurylochus,  have 
been  allegorically  interpreted  so  as  to  yield 
the  moral  that  the  sins  of  the  wicked  dog 
their  steps  and  cry  aloud  against  them.  I 
should  be  grateful  if  any  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
-could  tell  me  who  this  allegorist  was. 

P.  C.  G. 

ULYSSES  AS  AN  ATLANTIC  VOYAGER  AND 
PULCI. — The  mediaeval  legend  of  Ulysses 
sailing  into  the  unknown  West  in  search  of 
the  Earthly  Paradise  is  said  to  have  been 
utilized  by  the  Italian  poet  Pulci.  Will  some 
one  kindly  quote  the  passage  from  Pulci  ? 
Dante's  treatment  of  the  legend  is  of  course 
familiar  to  every  reader  of  the  '  Inferno  ' 
(xxvi.  110  et  seq.}.  P.  C.  G. 

Calcutta. 

ARTEPHIUS,  '  DE  CHARACTERIBUS  PLANET- 
ARUM.' — I  should  like  very  much  to  get 
track  of  the  following  work,  Artephius, 
'De  characteribus  planetarum,  cantu  et 
motibus  avium,  rerum  praeteritarum  et 
futurarum,  lapideque  philosophico,'  4to, 
Francofurti,  1615  (?),  or  of  any  MS.  of  it. 
The  work  is  mentioned  in  Houzeau  and 
Lancaster's  'Bibliographic  generale  de 
I'Astronomie,'  p.  729,  No.  4124. 

Can  any  of  the  correspondents  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
inform  me  of  any  library  or  individual 
possessing  a  copy  of  the  above  work  ? 

HERBERT  D.  AUSTIN. 
Johns  Hopkins  Club,  Baltimore. 

JOHN  HAVILAND,  PRINTER,  1638.— In  the 
church  of  Winstone,  Cirencester,  co.  Glou- 
cester, there  is  a  mural  tablet  with  the 
following  inscription,  which  may  interest 
students  of  the  history  of  printing  in  England 
during  the  seventeenth  century  : — 

"  Vpon  the  ingeniovs  and  judiciovs 

Artist  Mr  John  Haviland,  sonne 

To  that  Reverend  Professor  and 

Dispencer  of  God's  Word  Mr  John 

Haviland,  sometimes  Incumbent 

Here  at  Winston 

\na«-  •  -rJT0^  Havyla"de     1  Obiit  Novem 
'  \Hold  ay  in  heav'n  /19/A"  Dili  1638. 


i  None  printed  more  and  erred  lesse  in  print 
!  None  led  a  life  that  had  lesse  errors  in't 
I  None  had  a  state  that  did  more  good  with  it 
|  None  lesse  appearing,  and  more  full  of  wit ; 
!  None  lesse  affected  to  phantastic  fashion 
None  more  addrest  to  Christian  compassion 
None  better  knowne  to  the  Myst'ry  of  his  art 
None  of  a  stronger  braine,  a  clearer  hart 
Well  has  he  finish'd  then  his  pilgrim  race 
Who  ever  liv'd  in  forme  and  aide  in  case 
This  constant  Impreze  then  shall  scale  his  grave 
"  Each  yeare  my  works  must  new  impressions  have." 

Epitaph. 

A  Matrice  gave  me  life,  a  Matrice  gaine 
And  Earth's  the  Matrice  that  does  me  containe. 

The  parish  register  of  Winstone,  under  date 
1589,  gives  the  following  entry  : — 

"  John  Havyland  "the  sonne  of  John  Haviland  and 
Alis  his  wyfe  was  Baptized  the  6  of  July  "  ; 

and  under  date  of  1638  : — 

"  Mr  John  Haviland,  Stationer  and  Citizen  of 
London,  was  buried  upon  ye  twentie  fourth  day  of 
Novembr  1638." 

The  above  John  Haviland  published  in 
1634  Dr.  Andrew  Willet's  book,  '  A  General 
View  of  the  Papistry,'  &c.,  10  vols.  The 
original  copies  are  believed  to  be  in  the 
Liverpool  Library.  John  Haviland' s  family 
must  have  been  very  closely  related  to  the 
Havilands  of  Wilkeswood  Manor,  Isle  of 
Purbeck,  for  Anthony  Haviland,  son  of 
John  Haviland  of  Wilkeswood  Manor  by 
his  wife  Mary,  daughter  of  Thomas  Carew 
of  Higherham,  in  his  will  dated  28  Septem- 
ber, 1631,  proved  26  July,  1632  (P.C.C.), 
mentions  "  my  cozen  John  Havelland, 
printer." 

I  should  be  greatly  obliged  for  any  infor- 
mation about  him,  a  complete  list  of  the 
books  he  published,  and  also,  if  possible,  the 
name  of  his  grandfather.  His  father  the  Rev. 
John  Haviland  is  mentioned  in  the  will 
(dated  6  August,  1586)  of  Henry  Hungerford, 
of  Winston,  co.  Gloucester,  gent.,  as  "  my 
cozen  Parson  Haviland,"  so  his  grandmother 
may  have  been  a  Hungerford. 

I  am  indebted  to  the  Rev.  A.  O.  Trotter, 
the  present  Rector  of  Winstone,  for  the  above 
nscription  and  parish  entries. 

E.  HAVILAND  HILLMAN. 
3227,  Campo  S.  Samuele,  Venice. 

CLUB  ETRANGER  AT  HANOVER  SQUARE. — 
4t  the  Musee  Carnavalet,  Paris,  among  the 
relics  of  the  great  Revolution  and  of  the 
time  immediately  preceding  it,  there  is  a 
ticket  or  small  paper  with  the  following 
notice  printed  on  it : — 

"  Lies  membres  du  Club  Etranger  prient  M. 

de  leur  faire  1'honneur  d'assister  ;\  un  Divertisse- 
ment particulier  qu'ils  donneront  &  Hanover  Square, 
dans^  la  Salle  du  Festino,  le  Vendredi  9e  Fe" vrier, 


408 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       in  s.  IL  NOV.  19, 1910. 


It  would  be  interesting  to  learn  something 
more  about  this  club  of  Frenchmen  and  their 
meeting  -  place  in  Hanover  Square.  Per- 
haps among  your  readers  there  may  be  some 
one  who  can  inform  us.  PHILIP  NORMAN. 

HYDE  PARK  MONOLITH. — In  the  enclosure 
in  Hyde  Park  at  the  eastern  end  of  the 
Serpentine,  known  as  the  "  Dell,"  there  is  a 
granite  monolith,  or,  at  any  rate,  a  large 
stone  apparently  granite,  standing  on  another 
similar  stone  or  stones,  and  situated  a  little 
below  and  to  the  south  of  the  site  of  the 
old  Conduit  House.  This  stone,  upon 
which  creepers  are  for  some  reason  being 
trained,  does  not  seem  to  be  mentioned  in 
any  of  the  books  on  London.  What  is  its 
history  ?  E.  A.  ARMSTRONG. 

United  University  Club. 

[CoL.  RIVETT-CARNAO  inquired  about  this  stone 
at  9  S.  vii.  69.    Some  replies  appeared  at  pp.  115, 
195,  292 ;  and  at  p.  448  of  the  next  volume  a  quota- 
tion from  Mr.  John  Ashton's  book  '  Hyde  Park 
gave  the  history  of  the  stone.] 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 
Qui  nescit  dissimulare,  nescit  regnare. 

P.  C.   G. 
Calcutta. 

Whose  lives  are  but  a  fragment,  known  to  few. 

B.  D. 

New  Haven,  Connecticut. 

Tetigisti  me  et  exarsi  in  pacem  tuam. 
Quoted     in     Illingworth's     '  Personality, 
Human  and  Divine,'  p.  134. 

LAWRENCE  PHILLIPS. 
Theological  College,  Lichfield. 

Who  is  the  author  of  the  following  lines 
referring  to  the  Tartars  ?— 

Who  can  withstand  his  angry  force 
When  first  he  rides,  then  eats  his  horse  ? 

W.  IRVINE. 

CROW  :  GREEK  PROVERB. — I  am  anxious 
to  learn  where  the  proverb  is  to  be  found 
KO.KOV  KopaKos  KaKov  wov  (of  bad  crow, 
bad  egg).  Addison  quotes  it  in  The  Spectator, 
No.  189,  6  October,  1711,  but  does  not  men- 
tion the  author  or  to  whom  it  was  applied. 

G.  H.  G. 

['Parcem.  Gr.,'  ii.  466.  See  No.  1212  in  King's 
'Classical  and  Foreign  Quotations,'  3rd  ed.] 

PRINTER'S  BIBLE. — The  edition  of  the 
Bible  in  which  the  singular  misprint  occurs 
in  Psalm  cxix.,  "  Printers  have  persecuted 
me  without  a  cause,"  the  word  "  printers  " 
being  an  error  for  "  princes,"  has  always 
been  elusive. 


I  have  recently,  by  the  kindness  of  Mr. 
W.  J.  Williams,  been  given  a  clue  which 
may  lead  to  the  discovery  of  the  actual  issue 
in  which  the  misprint  occurs.  In  the  work 
by  Samuel  Crook  entitled  'Divine  Characters,' 
and  published  after  his  death,  in  1658,  the 
publishers  in  their  preface  refer  to 
"what  once  by  the  like  supine  carelessnesse  and 
unfaithfulnesse  befell  the  Holy  Bible  itself,  printed 
in  8°  Anno  1612,  wherein  (among  many  other  faults 
of  that  Edition)  insteed  of  those  words  in  the  119. 
Psal.  Princes  have  persecuted  me  Ec  the  words,  in 
many  Books  of  that  Impression  ran  thus,  Printers 
etc." 

This  appears  to  fix  the  date  of  the  issue 
in  which  the  misprint  occurs,  but  the  whole 
of  the  8vo  copies  of  the  1612  edition  in  the 
British  Museum  and  in  the  Bible  Society's 
collection  have  been  examined  without 
result.  I  may  add,  however,  that  the  date 
is  a  little  doubtful,  as  the  last  figure  is 
rather  bad  in  the  copy  I  have  seen,  and  it 
is  just  possible  that  1613  may  be  referred 
to.  I  shall  be  very  glad  if  any  of  your 
readers  can  supply  further  information  with 
reference  to  this  Bible.  R.  A.  PEDDIE. 
St.  Bride  Foundation,  Bride  Lane,  E.C. 

'  THE  WORLD  :  A  POEM  '  :  '  PROSE,  BY. 
A  POET.' — I  have  had  the  following  two 
books  in  my  possession  for  many  years, 
but  cannot  find  out  their  authors  : 

The  World  :  a  poem.     In  Six  Books. 

London,  Thomas  Hurst,  1835. 
Prose,  by  a  Poet.    In  two  volumes. 

London,  Longman,  Hurst,  &c.,  1824. 

Can  you,  or  any  of  your  readers,  give  me 
the  names  of  the  authors  ? 

C.  L.  CUMMINGS. 

21,  St.  George's  Square,  Sunderland. 

[Halkett  and  Laing  state  that  '  Prose,  by  a  Poet/ 
is  by  James  Montgomery.] 

HENRY  OF  NAVARRE  AND  THE  THREE- 
HANDLED  CUP. — I  should  be  very  grateful 
to  any  of  your  numerous  readers  who  would 
inform  me  in  what  book  I  could  find  the 
story  of  King  Henry  of  Navarre  and  the 
three-handled  cup.  I  believe  the  cup  was 
at  first  one-handled,  then  it  became  two- 
handled,  and  thence  developed  into  a  three- 
handled  one.  No  book  that  I  have  contains, 
nor  can  I  find  anything  connected  with,  the 
history  or  story  of  this  cup. 

R.  A.  CARTWRIGHT, 

Lieut. -Col.  Retired. 

Parkbury,  near  St.  Albans. 

MAIDS  OF  TAUNTON  AND  MONMOUTH'S 
REBELLION. — I  shall  be  extremely  grateful 
to  any  one  of  your  readers  who  will  put 
me  in  the  way  of  finding  some  trustworthy 


n  s.  ii.  NOV.  19,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


409 


data  with  regard  to  the  twenty-six  Maid 
of     Taunton     who     presented     colours     t 
Monmouth  in    1685.     I  want   their  names 
ages,  social  standing,  &c.     I  am  under  the 
impression    that    one    at    least    was    callec 
Blake,  and  came  of  a  rather  celebrated  Non 
conformist  Somerset  family.     Who  was  th< 
schoolmistress  ?     She     apparently     got     off 
scot  free. 

Would  the  following  throw  any  light  on 
the  matter  (I  think  it  is  a  poem),  and  can 
I  find  it  at  the  British  Museum  ? — 

"  The  Glory  of  the  West ;  or,  The  Virgins  o 
Taunton  Dean  who  ript  open  their  silk  petticoats 
to  make  colours  for  the  late  Duke  of  Monmouth'f 
army. — '  In  Lyme  began  a  rebellion.'  S.S.  fol.  1685.' 

To  the  best  of  my  belief,  there  are  no 
names  or  other  descriptive  details  given  in 
Foxe's  history  of  James  *IL,  Macaulay, 
'  Western  Marty rology,'  or  Toulmin's  'History 
of  Taunton,'  nor  (to  my  knowledge)  in  the 
State  Trials  of  1685.  They,  however,  came 
before  Jeffreys  at  the  Taunton  Assizes  of 
1685.  EVA  BBIGHT  CANNELL. 

Fairfield  House,  Cheshunt. 

HODSON  FAMILY. — Information  is  desired 
as  to  the  antecedents  of  Henry  Hodson, 
who  purchased  in  1753  the  advowson  of  the 
vicarage  of  Thornham-cum-Aldington  in 
Kent,  to  which  living  he  presented  in  1768 
his  son  and  heir  •  (another  Henry),  who  was 
also  Rector  of  Sandhurst  and  chaplain  to 
the  last  Duke  of  Bolton.  On  his  death  in 
17  82  the  Rev.  Henry  Hodson  was  succeeded 
in  the  living  of  Thornham-cum-Aldington 
by  the  Rev.  John  Hodson,  who  died  in  1829. 
Please  reply  direct. 

LEONARD  J.  HODSON. 

Robertsbridge,  Sussex. 

KNIGHTS  OF  MALTA  IN  SUSSEX. — Will  any 
reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  kindly  supply  me  with 
information  about  the  Knights  of  Malta. 
Is  there  likely  to  have  been  a  house  belonging 
to  the  order  in  Sussex  at  any  period  ?  A 
fourteenth-century  house  in  which  I  am 
interested  has,  besides  other  ornamentation 
cut  in  the  stone,  Maltese  crosses. 

A.  L.  F. 

PUNS  ON  PAYNE. — Can  any  one  refer 
me  to  evidence  that  Erskine  said,  referring 
to  Sir  Ralph  Payne,  Lord  Lavington  : 

He  never  knew  pleasure  who  never  knew 
Payne  "  ?  Or,  again,  that  C.  S.  Calverley, 
on  climbing  Scaw  Fell  with  a  party  including 
James  Payn,  the  novelist,  who  was  puffing 
in  the  rear,  quoted  Macbeth,  "  The  labour 
we  delight  in  physics  Payn  "  ? 

DE  V.  PAYEN-PAYNE. 


MAX  O'RELL'S  WORKS. — I  am  much 
interested  in  the  lectures  of  the  late  Max 
O'Rell  (Paul  Blouet),  and  wish  to  get  them 
in  printed  form.  FRED  BAUM. 

Clarence  Villa,  Avenue  Road,  Torquay. 

[Messrs.  Chatto  &  Windus  publish  English  ver- 
sions of  some  of  Max  O'Rell's  books.  Many  of  the 
originals,  if  not  all,  can  be  obtained  from  Messrs. 
Dulau.] 

WOMEN  CARRYING  THEIR  HUSBANDS  ON 
THEIR  BACKS. — A  town  (Roman  history,  I 
think)  was  conquered,  and  the  conquered 
people  were  told  that  their  women  could 
march  out  of  the  town,  carrying  their 
valuables  with  them.  They  marched  out 
with  their  husbands  on  their  backs.  Where 
was  the  scene  of  the  incident  ?  H.  G. 

'  ST.  JAMES'S  CHRONICLE.' — Could  you 
kindly  inform  me  if  there  was  published  in 
or  about  1760-65  a  newspaper  called  The 
St.  James's  Chronicle  ?  TOM  BIRD. 

United  University  Club,  S.W. 

[An  extract  from  The  St.  James's  Chronicle  ;  or, 
British  Evening  Post,  of  1788,  appeared  ante  p.  230.] 

"  SHEENY,"  NICKNAME  FOR  A  JEW. — 
What  is  the  origin  or  derivation  of  this  term 
as  applied  to  a  Jew  ? 

ALFONZO  GARDINER. 

Leeds. 

WILLIAM  BISSET,  1670  ?-1747.— When  and 
whom  did  he  marry  ?  The  '  Diet.  Nat. 
Biog.,'  v.  102,  refers  to  his  marriage,  but 
gives  neither  date  nor  name.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

GATAKER,  c.   1796. — A  boy  of  this  name 
appears  in  an  old  list  of  the  Sixth  Form  at 
Westminster   School  for    1796.     He  is  said 
have  proceeded  to  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 
'.  should  be  glad  to  obtain  any  information 
oncerning  him.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

J.  GOOD  CHILD  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  15  June,  1808.  Any 
nformation  concerning  him  is  wanted. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

JOHN  GOODWIN  was  admitted  to  West- 
ninster  School  23  Jan.,  1786.  Can  any 
orrespondent  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  give  me  par- 
iculars  of  his  parentage  and  career  ? 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

TENNYSON  :  "  OORALI." — The  last  line 
ut  one  of  the  first  verse  of  Tennyson's 
In  the  Children's  Hospital '  reads  : — 

Drenched  with  the  hellish  Oorali. 
>Vhat  is  "  oorali  "  ?  W.  PRICE. 

[Oorali,  ivoorali,  or  curare,  is  a  resinous  substance 
sed  by  the  Indians  of  South  America  as  an  arrow- 
oison.] 


410 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  19, 1910. 


EXHIBITION  OF  1851  :  ITS  MOTTO. — 
The  official  motto  of  this  Exhibition  was 
"  Dissociata  locis,  ooncordia  pace  ligavit." 
This  is  from  Ovid,  '  Met.'  I.  25.  except  that 
"  concordi "  is  read  there.  Apparently, 
the  framers  of  the  motto  invented  "  con- 
cordia."  The  question  then  occurs,  Did 
they  mean  it  to  be  a  substantive  ?  i.e., 
"  concord  has  joined  by  peace  things  severed 
by  position,"  or  did  they  follow  Ovid's 
text,  and  understand  his  nominative  "  Deus  " 
in  a  preceding  line  ?  i.e.,  "  God  has  joined 
by  peace  things  in  harmony  [neuter  plural] 
which  were  severed  by  position."  The 
comma  supports  the  latter  rendering,  but  I 
cannot  help  thinking  that  the  first  is  right. 
Search  among  the  literature  of  the  Exhibi- 
tion has  not  revealed  an  English  translation. 
Perhaps  some  one  can  find  one  and  settle 
the  matter.  NEL  MEZZO. 

TAXES  ON  CRESTS.  —  Are  any  families 
exempt  from  paying  duty  or  taxes  on  crests, 
&c.  ?  If  so,  what  is  the  reason  for  exemp- 
tion ?  Do  officers  in  the  Army  or  Navy 
pay  ?  HELMET. 


PLANTAGENET    TOMBS     AT     FONT- 

EVRAULT. 
(11  S.  ii.  184,  223,  278,  332,  356,  390.) 

MB.  ERNEST  C.  KOCH,  the  Receiver's 
representative  in  charge  at  the  Crystal 
Palace,  who  takes  great  interest  in  anti- 
quarian matters,  especially  anything  relating 
to  English  history,  informs  me,  with  regard 
to  the  effigies  at  the  Crystal  Palace,  that 
he  has  inquired  of  the  official  who  has  had 
all  the  casts  there  under  his  charge  for 
many  years  past,  and  who  has  the  history 
of  pretty  well  every  one  of  them  at  his 
fingers'  ends.  He  has  informed  Mr.  Koch 
that  the  Crystal  Palace  effigies  were  from 
actual  moulds  made  on  the  original  effigies 
in  the  abbey  by  order  of  the  Emperor 
Napoleon  III.,  at  the  express  personal 
request  of  the  Prince  Consort,  on  the 
strict  condition  that  only  one  cast  should 
be  made  of  each  effigy,  and  that  the 
moulds  should  be  destroyed  directly  a  satis- 
factory cast  was  made.  Such  casts  having 
been  obtained,  as  far  as  Mr.  Koch  can 
ascertain  at  the  first  attempt,  the  moulds 
were  destroyed  by  a  French  Government 
official.  JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 


J.  M.  QUERARD,  BIBLIOGRAPHER  (11  S. 
ii.  87,  177). — As  MR.  P.  J.  ANDERSON  has 
referred  to  '  A  martyr  to  bibliography,' 
I  should  like  to  say  a  few  words  in  excuse 
for  the  excesses  committed  and  mistakes 
made  in  that  pamphlet.  It  was  my  first 
attempt  of  the  kind.  Of  those  errors  I  have 
long  since  been  ashamed,  and  should  have 
destroyed  all  the  copies  of  the  work,  had  it 
been  possible.  John  Russell  Smith  was 
good  enough  to  allow  his  name  to  be  put 
as  the  English  publisher,  for  there  was  very 
little  profit  to  be  made.  There  are  many 
still  who  recollect  Mr.  Smith  and  the  learned  • 
class  of  books  he  published.  Second-hand 
books,  however,  comprised  his  principal 
business,  and  his  son  Mr.  Alfred  Russell 
Smith  is  now  carrying  on  this  part  on  much 
the  same  lines  as  did  his  father. 

As  I  have  often  been  asked  why  I  did 
not  put  my  own  name  on  the  title-page, 
I  may  explain  that  I  thought  it  would 
injure  my  professional  prospects.  I  there- 
fore used"  an  anagram,  because  Querard  did. 
Then,  in  further  imitation  of  French  fancies, 
I  put  "  bibliophile  "  after  my  name,  without 
at  the  time  having  the  slightest  idea  of  the- 
compliment  I  was  paying  myself.  The 
letters  that  follow,  also  in  imitation  of  the 
French,  indicate  that  I  was  a  Member  of  the 
Incorporated  Law  Society  of  the  United 
Kingdom  and  of  the  Solicitors'  Benevolent 
Association,  and  author  of  '  A  few  words  on 
swimming.' 

Mr.  W.  P.  Courtney  in  his  '  Secrets  of  our 
national  literature,'  1908,  on  p.  32  calls 
my  notice  of  Querard  "  an  enthusiastic 
memoir,"  and  he  reprints  my  bibliographical 
technical  terms.  My  memoir  may  have 
been  enthusiastic,  but  that  does  not  atone 
for  errors  of  the  press,  &c.  However, 
everybody  at  that  time  passed  these  over. 
Sir  Anthony  Panizzi,  to  whom  the  notice 
of  Querard  was  dedicated  (without  per- 
mission), must  have  had  quite  a  shock  at 
the  numerous  misprints  ;  nevertheless  he 
was  kind  enough  to  write  me  the  following 
letter  :— 

31  Bloom  bury  Sqre 

Aug.  31st.  1867 
Sir 

On  my  return  home  after  a  short  absence  I 
have  found  a  copy  of  the  '  Notice '  of  Querard's  Life 
which  you  have  written  &  have  been  moreover 
pleased  to  dedicate  to  me.  I  had  seen  that  valuable 
work  before,  and  I  had  procured  a  copy  of  it.  Had 
I  known  the  author's  name  and  his  address  I  should 
have  thanked  him  for  the  honor  he  has  done  to  me, 
but  even  now  I  must  request  one  of  your  publishers 
to  forward  these  few  lines  to  you,  for,  altho  the 
copy  of  the  'Notice'  which  you  have  been  pleased 
to  forward  to  me  has  your  name,  I  am  still  ignorant 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  19, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


411 


of  your  address.  In  thanking  you  I  beg  to  be  per 
niitted  to  add  that  I  am  much  flattered  by  the  too 
flattering  terms  in  which  you  speak  of  the  humble 
efforts  I  have  made  to  serve  the  public;— efforts 
which  require  a  gentleman  so  well  qualified  as  you 
are  to  be  favourably  valued. 

With  many  thanks  &  much  respect  I  remain  Sir, 
Your  obedt.  Sert 
A  Panizzi 

Olphar  Hamst  Esq 

I  may  say  that,  though  a  reader  at  the 
National  Library,  I  never  saw  Sir  Anthony 
Panizzi. 

Thanks  to  '  N.  &  Q.,'  I  have  been  able  to 
make  some  amends  for  a  few  of  my  early 
mistakes  bv  printing  in  its  pages  (see  10  S. 
x.  81,  484  ;  xi.  82,  184:  xii.  103,  204)  the 
revised  edition  (the  fifth)  of  the  two  pages 
of  technical  bibliographical  terms — a  list 
now  extending  to  nineteen  columns. 

The  point  MR.  ANDERSON  raises  as  to 
what  was  Querard's  nom  de  bapteme  is 
curious.  The  suggestion,  ante,  p.  178,  that 
"  Jozon  "  is  derived  from  "  Joseph  Jean," 
seems  to  me  probable.  But  I  am  inclined 
to  think  that  Jean  is  simply  a  mistake  made 
by  Bourquelot,  and  followed  by  Otto  Lorenz 
or  Ms  amanuensis.  I  am  surprised  that 
such  an  alteration  is  adopted  in  so  carefully 
edited  a  catalogue  as  that  of  the  London 
Library  without  explanation,  and  think 
that  "  Jean  "  must  have  slipped  in  through 
inadvertence.  Surely  when  a  man,  and  that 
man  a  professional  biographer,  writes  his 
autobiography  and  calls  himself  Joseph 
Marie,  there  can  be  no  justification  for  some 
one  else  altering  his  name  without  explana- 
tion. 

It  would  certainly  be  of  interest  to  have 
the  question  settled  from  the  certificate  of 
baptism,  which  I  presume  is  preserved  at 
Rennes,  where  Querard  was  born  on  25 
December,  1797.  Rennes  was  not  then  a 
very  large  town,  having  a  population  of 
35,000  according  to  Brookes' s  '  General 
gazetteer,'  1797,^0  that  it  might  not  be 
a  difficult  matter  to  get  a  certificate  of 
Querard's  birth.  I  imagine  that  even  in 
tlu»se  days  the  French  had  a  civil  regis- 
tration, and  not  the  happy-go-lucky  system 
the  English  had  up  to  1837.  In  September 
last  I  sent  a  reply-card  to  the  Mayor  of 
Ronnes,  asking  him  if  he  would  kindly 
tell  me  to  whom  I  should  apply  for  a  certifi- 
cate of  birth  (giving  particulars)  ;  but  I 
have  not  had  any  answer. 
!  ^Querard  died  at  Paris  on  Friday,  the  1st  of 
December,  1865,  and  was  buried  the  follow- 
ing day. 

The  query,  however,  has  caused  me  to  ! 
look;  up  some  papers  that  I  have  had  by  me  , 


for  over  forty  years,  and  I  think  that  the 
matters  they  disclose  are  of  sufficient 
interest,  not  only  to  English,but  also  French 
readers,  to  merit  a  place  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 

When  my  notice  of  Querard  was  published 
in  1867  the  printer*  had  a  large  bill  in  the 
window  announcing  its  publication.  This 
attracted  the  notice  of  a  passer-by,  who 
entered  and  was  given  my  address.  He 
called  on  me  and  left  his  card,  and  it  is  now 
before  me.  It  reads  "  J.  Molas,  gold  and 
silversmith,  electro  water  gilder  [&c.],  18 
Paddiiigton  street,  Marylebone  [&c.l."  On 
the  back  is  written  in  pencil  "  J.  G.  Molas," 
and  underneath  that  signature  another, 
viz.  "  J.  G.  Querard."  He  left  word  that 
he  would  call  on  me,  and  he  came  soon  after. 
He  said  that  he  had  never  heard  of  his 
father's  death,  and  he  was  very  much 
astonished  on  reading  the  announcement 
of  the  biography  in  the  printer's  window. 
He  told  me  his  mother's  maiden  name  was 
Molas,  and  he  had  taken  it  as  he  did  not  wish 
to  be  identified.  She  died  in  1834,  two 
months  after  he  was  born.  After  her 
death  M.  Bossange  wanted  Querard 
to  marry  his  daughter,  but  Querard's 
wound  being  still  fresh,  he  would  not. 
I  asked  him  what  were  his  full  baptismal 
names,  and  putting  a  piece  of  paper  before 
him,  which  I  still  have,  he  wrote  "  Jules 
Gustavo."  He  told  rne  that  in  1848  he 
quarrelled  with  his  father.  In  1851  he  saw 
his  father  again  and  helped  him  in  his 
work,  but  he  was  taken  away  by  the  con- 
scription, and  never  saw  liis  father  again. 
He  left,  promising  to  bring  me  further  infor- 
mation about  his  father.  Next  I  received 
the  following  letters,  which  I  print  with 
their  brackets,  mistakes  in  spelling,  &c.  : — 

London  8  7bre  1867 
Monsieur 

C'est  avec  grand  regret  que  je  vous  pris  de  m'ex- 
cuser  de  ma  negligence  ne  soyez  pas  offencer  par 
mon  retard,  absent  de  Londre  dejmis  quelques 
jour  ce  n'est  seulement  qu'hier  soir  que  Ion  ma  remi 
votre  lettre  je  serez  a  vptre  disposition  la  semaine 
proehaine  sans  faute  j'ai  pensez  que  peut  etre  vous 
seriez  assez  satisfait  si  je  vous  donnai  un  esquise  de 
ia  vie  prive  de  mon  pere  qui  serais  sans  doute  de 
quelques  interet  pour  vous  et  aussi  que  le  publique. 
['on  fait  bien  des  fautes  par  les  rumeur  publique  il 
en  ait  de  meme  pour  Phistoir  de  Mr.  J.  M.  Q.  j'ai 
ecris  a  Paris  et  jattend  des  nouvelles  sans  cet  cause 
deja  Mr.  vous  auriezenteridu  parlez  du  tils  Querard 
'ose  esperez  Monsieur  que  vous  voudrez  bien  ex- 
mser  mon  delai  qui  ait  loin  des  lois  de  la  civilite. 


*  Edmund  Netherclift,  a  nephew  of  F.  G.Nether- 
clift  the  celebrated  handwriting  expert,  for  whom 
see  Boase,  'M.E.B.'  I  have  given  a  notice  of 
Edmund  in  a  pamphlet  I  printed  privately  in  1909 
about  the  Rowland,  Mallett,  and  Netherclift 
families. 


412 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  19, 1910. 


Si  quelque  fois  vous  etiez  assez  bon  de  me  donner 
un  jour  et  votre  heure  je  me  ferai  un  plaisir  de  venir 
vous  apporter  quelques  notes  inportante 

tout  a  vous  d'amitie  et  reconnaissance 
J  G.  QUERARD 
J.  G.  MOLAS 

18  Paddington  St.  Marylebone. 
Mr.  Ralph  Tom  as 

1  Powis  Place,  Queen  Square. 

London  le  14  Octobre  1867 
Cher  Monsieur 

Vous  avez  sans  doute  fait  un  jugement  peut  etre 
tres  juste  pour  ma  negligence,  vous  m'excuserez  je 
vous  pris  car  j'en  sui  honteux  moi  meme.  De  meme 
que  mon  pauvre  pere  je  trouve  bien  peut  d'instant 
pour  ecrire  a  un  ami  (permettez  moi  de  vous  donnez 
ce  nom)  apres  tous  les  efforts  que  vous  avez  fait  et 
le  courage  que  vous  avez  employez  pour  faire  com- 
prendre  a  votre  pays  la  baute  d'urie  science  jusqu'a 
ce  jour  au  temp  dire  inconnu  meme  des  amis  de  la 
science  vous  ave'z  fait  revivre  d'un  seul  coup  un 
homme  que  le  temp  avait  frappe  d'un  maniere  trop 
cruel.  Querard  est  mort  vous  1'avez  fait  revivre ; 
a  bientot  le  jour  ou  je  pourrait  presser  votre  main 
pour  la  reconnaissance  que  je  vous  doit  pour  le  tribut 
d'interet  que  vous  avez  dempntre  par  votre  ouvrage 
a  la  memoire  de  mon  pere  j'ai  lu  avec  plaisir  votre 
brochure  et  j'ai  chercher  des  fautes  des  ommission 
etc  je  n'en  ait  pas  trouve,  deux  petite  brochure  seul 
qui  ne  parraisent  sur  votre  livre  me  force  a  vous  les 
rappeller  [L'ami  du  Bibliophile]  petite  brochure  in 
12  parut  en  1847  sous  le  nom  de  Gautier  de  Liffre* 
la  raison  que  mon  pere  donne  cette  etrange  publi- 
quation  dont  il  avait  mauvais  augure  des  le  com- 
mencement lui  avait  fait  employer  le  nom  de  son 
grand  pere  Gautier  qui  etant  de  Liffre  il  a  dans  un 
moment  de  bonne  humeur  fait  un  noble  a  bon 
marche"  la  brochure  a  ^te  inprime  chez  Plon  (im- 
primeur  rue  Carenciere  a  Paris  pour  les  detail  voir 
Hachette  enfin  je  vais  vous  donnez  mercredi  assez 
de  notes  pour  vous  occuper  au  moin  un  mois  a  faire 
des  ralonge  n  etant  pas  dans  un  'etat  a  me  pre- 
senter moi  meme  chez  vous  vous  voudrez  bien  excuser 
ma  Iibert6  de  vous  envoyer  un  ami  qui  vous  donnera 
tous  les  detail  que  vous  pourriez  avoir  besoin  a  mon 
egard  je  n'ai  pas  encore  ecris  a  ma  belle  mere  mais 
je  le  ferez  bientot  en  lui  fesant  parvenir  la  brochure 
que  vous  avez  ete  assez  bon  de  me  faire  present 
quand  au  renseignements  sur  moi  quoi  que  tout  le 
monde  me  crois  mort  j'espere  Que  les  demoiselle 
Bossange  serait  a  meme  ainsi  que  Mr.  Hector  Bos- 
sange  devous  dire  qui'lont  choyer  lefils  de  Querard 
si  cela  n'est  pas  suffissant  la  maison  Firmain  Didot 
de  Paris  pourrait  encore  parlez  de  moi  malgri  le 
nombre  d'anne  ecouler  fla  Maison  Daguin]  etc  enfin 
le  prince  Serge  Poltoratzky  de  Moscow  a  entendu 
mon  pere  assez  souvent  par!6  de  moi,  ma  position 
presente  est  des  plus  precaire  j'ai  a  lutter  contre  la 
fortune  contre  des  jaloux  et  contre  le  sentiment 
Anglais  qui  dans  la  classe  ouvriere  deteste  le 
Frangais  trois  fois  j'ai  fait  des  efforts  innouie  pour 
secouer  ce  jour  mais  elas !  Le  jour  na  pas  encor 
sonner  pour  que  les  peuple  du  monde  entier 
conprene  [fraternite] 

En   esperant  que  vous  voudrez   bien  m'excuser 
pour  mon  retard  Jai    1'honneur  d'etre  votre  tres 
^  serviteur 

J.  G.  QUERARD 


*  Not  in  our  National  Library. 


Henri  Plon  was  the  publisher  of  Augustin 
Jal's  '  Dietionnaire  de  biographie  et  d'his- 
toire,'  1872.  T  first  mentioned,  this  great 
work  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  at  4  S.  xi.  41  ;  and  Jal's 
death  I  recorded  at  4  S.  xii.  186  (6  Sept., 
1873).  His  work  was  not  much  used  by 
English  readers,  as  its  clean  state  after 
being  thirty  years  on  the  reference  shelves 
of  our  National  Library  testified.  Accord- 
ingly it  was  turned  out  of  the  Reading- 
Room  in  1907.  The  copy  at  the  Biblio- 
theque  Nationale,  Paris,  was  in  a  very 
thumbed  and  dirty  state  when  I  last  saw  it. 
Querard's  name  is  mentioned  on  pp.  1077 
and  1093. 

I  never  heard  of  or  from  Querard's  son 
again.  Surely,  if  I  had  given  his  father's 
names  incorrectly,  the  first  thing  he  would 
have  told  me  would  have  been  that  I  had 
not  got  his  father's  names  right. 

I  have  only  just  become  aware  that  my 
pamphlet  (as  by  O.  Hanst,  sic)  is  mentioned 
in  the  tenth  volume  of  Brunet's  '  Manuel,' 
1880.  When  I  see  the  praise  given  to 
Querard  by  J.  C.  Brunet  in  his  'Manuel,' 
and  also  that  by  Felix  Bourquelot  in  '  La 
literature  frangaise  contemporaine,'  and 
consider  how  intractable  and  wrong  Querard 
was,  I  am  astonished  at  my  youthful  one- 
sidedness. 

My  pamphlet  is  also  enumerated  with 
minute  accuracy  in  that  splendid  work  of  M. 
Georges  Vicaire,  the  '  Manuel  de  1' amateur 
de  livres  '  (1907),  vol.  vi.  p.  895).  But  with 
all  his  minuteness  M.  Vicaire  does  not 
say  why  he  adopts  "  Jean "  instead  of 
"  Joseph."  Larousse's  '  Grand  Diction- 
naire '  has  a  very  appreciative  article  on 
Querard  with  what  I  should  think  is  a  just 
estimation  of  his  qualities  and  defects. 
They  call  him  Joseph,  and  say  he  died 
3  December,  which  is  wrong.  '  La  Grande 
Encyclopedic  '  also  calls  him  Joseph. 
Neither  of  these  encyclopedias  mentions 
Querard's  son,  nor  does  any  one  of  the 
funeral  orations  which  I  reproduced  by  Paul 
Lacroix,  G.  Brunet,  and  J.  Assezat,  though 
the  last-named  mentions  his  family  (p.  ^ 
and  his  widow  (p.  43).  What  was  his  family, 
and  who  was  his  widow  ? 

RALPH  THOMAS. 

JAMES  FEA,  ORKNEY  AUTHOR  (11  S.  ii. 
308). — Fea  is  a  name  somewhat  uncommon 
in  Scotland.  It  seems  originally  to  have 
been  confined  to  the  Orkney  Islands.  During 
the  seventeenth  century  six  different  families 
of  the  name  are  mentioned  in  old  records, 
most  of  them  connected  with  the  island  of 
Stronsay.  In  the  eighteenth  century  the 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  19,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


413 


number  had  dwindled  to  four,  due  no  doubt 
to  many  Feas  leaving  the  islands  to  push 
their  fortunes  elsewhere.  At  this  period 
the  name  emerges  at  Leith,  and  even  in 
Italy.  Towards  the  close  of  last  century 
there  were  but  two  families  of  the  name 
left  in  the  Orkneys.  During  these  three 
centuries,  only  one  family  of  Feas  can  be 
traced  with  something  like  unbroken  con- 
tinuity. The  will  of  James  Fea  of  Clestrain 
(or  Clestron),  in  the  island  of  Stronsay, 
was  registered  28  April,  1630.  In  1724 
James  Fea,  younger,  of  Clestron,  probably 
a  grandson  of  the  foregoing,  distinguished 
himself  by  the  capture  of  the  pirate  Gow. 
See  the  preface  to  Scott's  "  Pirate."  In 
1759  James  Fea  of  Clestrain,  probably  a 
son  of  the  preceding,  and  lieutenant  in  the 
73rd  Regiment  of  Foot,  married,  at  St. 
Clement's  Church,  Strand,  London,  Anne 
Jane  Maria  Herriot  Corbett  or  Cormack, 
daughter  of  John  Corbett  or  Cormack, 
attorney  at  law,  residing  in  the  city  of  Lan- 
caster. There  was  a  son  born  of  this  union, 
but  in  1770  the  same  James  Fea,  described 
at  date  as  "  late  lieutenant  in  the  73rd 
Regiment,"  instituted  a  process  of  divorce 
against  his  wrife.  About  1870  the  male  line 
of  the  Feas  of  Clestrain  appears  to  have 
terminated. 

Other  Feas  in  Orkney  during  the  eigh- 
teenth century  are  mentioned  in  contem- 
porary annals.  In  1722  James  Fea  of  White- 
hall introduced  the  Kelp  industry  into  the 
island  of  Stronsay.  He  is  said  to  have 
brought  a  man  named  Meldrum  from 
Fraserburgh  to  teach  the  natives  the  process. 
It  is  possible  that  James  Fea  of  the  query 
may  have  been  a  son  of  Fea  of  Whitehall, 
but  of  this  there  is  no  certainty.  He  is 
credited  with  the  authorship  of  three  books  : 
(1)  '  The  general  Grievances  and  Oppression 
of  the  Isles  of  Orkney  and  Shetland,'  Edin- 
burgh, 1750.  This  work  was  announced  as 
published  under  several  heads,  but  Halkett 
and  Laing  assert  that  it  was  not  continued 
beyond  chapt.  i.  of  Part  II.  (2)  '  The 
Present  State  of  the  Orkney  Islands,' 
printed  at  Holy-Rood  House,  Edinburgh, 
1775.  A  copy  of  the  book  is  in  the  Edin- 
burgh Advocates'  Library.  (3)  '  Account 
of  the  Methods  of  Fishing  practised  on  the 
Coasts  of  Shetland,'  Edinburgh,  1775.  This 
seems  to  be  a  different  work  from  the  '  Con- 
siderations on  the  Fisheries  '  mentioned  in 
the  query. 

I  do  not  know  when  or  where  this  James 
Fea  the  surgeon  died.     If  I  may  be  par- 
doned for  saying  it,  his  life  seems  to  have 
u    somewhat    chequered    one.     It    is 


startling  to  find  one  of  his  books  "printed  in 
Holy-Rood  House  "  in  1775.  At  that  date 
Holy-Rood  was  a  sanctuary  for  debtors, 
and  it  may  be  inferred  that  James  Fea, 
having  taken  up  his  abode  there,  had  become 
temporarily  insolvent.  His  other  Edin- 
burgh publication,  however,  as  well  as  the 
book  "  printed  for  the  author  at  Dover," 
would  lead  to  the  conclusion  that  he  soon 
surmounted  his  pecuniary  embarrassments. 
He  was  perhaps  on  his  way  to  the  Continent 
when  the  Dover  book  was  issued,  and  he  may 
have  died  abroad.  W.  S.  S. 

"  EST.  EST.  EST  "  (11  S.  ii.  345).— It  may 
be  mentioned  that  Hare  in  '  Cities  of  Central 
Italy,'  vol.  ii.  p.  198,  also  associates  the 
inscription  with  Bishop  Johann  Fugger, 
and  quotes  it  as  follows  : — 

Est,  Est,  Est, 
Propter  nimiurn  est, 
Joannes  de  Foucris 
Dominus  meus 
Mortuus  est. 

This  is  said  to  have  been  the  composition  of 
the  bishop's  valet.  Hare  tells  that  the 
bishop  desired  in  dying 

"  that  a  barrel  of  wine  might  be  annually  upset  upon 
his  grave,  so  that  his  body  might  still  sop  in  the 

delicious    fluid bequeathing     a    large     sum    of 

money  to  Montefiascone  on  this  condition.  The 
bishop's  wishes  were  carried  out  annually  till  a 
few  years  ago,  but  the  price  of  the  cask  of  wine  is 
now  applied  to  charities." 

Fugger's  fidelity  to  alcohol  is  in  the  vein  of 
'  Golias  '  :— 

Vinum  sit  appositum  morientis  ori, 

[Jt  dicant  cum  yenerint  angelorum  chori 

Deus  sit  propitius  huic  potatori. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

It  may  interest  MB.  MAYHEW  to  know, 
if  he  is  not  already  aware  of  it,  that  there  is 
a  German  poem  of  fourteen  stanzas  on  the 
subject  of  "  Propter  nimium  Est,  Est," 
by  W.  Miiller,  father  of  Prof.  Max  Muller, 
which  gives  substantially  the  same  story. 
He  calls  it  a  "  Romanze." 

H.  S.  BERESFORD  WEBB. 

Blackheath. 

[DK.  KRUEGER  also  refers  to  Wilhelm  Miiller  s 
poem,  and  sends  the  first  stanza,  which  we  have 
forwarded  to  MR.  MAYHEW.] 

KNIGHTHOOD  (US.  ii.  328). — The  words 
quoted  by  MR.  SEAWARD  are  not  contained, 
I  believe,  in  any  of  Lord  Beaconsfield's 
books. 

When  he  quitted  office  at  Easter,  1880,  he 
made  Mr.  Algernon  Borthwick  (afterwards 
Lord  Glenesk)  a  knight.  Some  of  Mr. 
Borthwick's  friends  were  inclined  to  laugh 


414 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  NOV.  19, 1910. 


at  his  new  honour,  whereupon  Lord  Beacons- 
field  said  something  to  this  effect :  "  Sir 
Algernon.  I  drink  to  your  good  health ; 
and  I  see  nothing  ridiculous  in  an  honour 
which  was  the  sufficient  guerdon  of  Sir 
Walter  Raleigh,  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  Sir 
Christopher  Wren,  and  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds." 
This  was  the  gossip  in  London  at  the  time. 

G.  W.  E.  R. 

LATIN  EPITAPH  AT  DBYBUBGH  ABBEY 
(US.  ii.  348).— Rota  must,  I  think,  as  NEL 
MEZZO  suggests,  mean  Fortune's  wheel. 
There  is  a  passage  in  Ammianus  Marcellinus 
so  curiously  like  the  lines  quoted  that  one  is 
tempted  to  suppose  it  may  have  suggested 
them  : — 

"  Ea  victoria  ultra  homines  Procopius  sese  efferens, 
et  ignorans,  quod  quivis  beatus,  versa  rota  Fortunes, 

ante  vesperum  potest  esse  miserrimus "—XXVI. 

8,  13. 

"Homo  est  bulla"  is  taken  from  Varro» 
'  Res  Rusticse,'  I.  i.  1,  "  quod,  ut  dicitur, 
si  est  homo  bulla,  eo  magis  senex." 

I  do  not  know  any  instance  of  rota  being 
used  for  an  hour-glass.  EDWABD  BENSLY. 

There  can  be  little  doubt  that  rota  means 
a  wheel,  not  an  hour-glass.  But  why 
"  Fortune's  wheel  "  ?  Is  not  the  reference 
rather  to  the  spindle  or  distaff  (sometimes 
pictured  as  a  spinning-wheel)  on  which  the 
Fates  draw  out  the  threads  of  human  life  ? 
The  three  fatal  sisters,  Clotho,  Lachesis, 
and  Atropos,  spun  out  the  threads,  and  with 
every  turn  of  the  wheel  or  revolution  of  the 
spindle  a  mortal  life  terminated.  As  Spenser 
expresses  it, — 
Sad  Clotho  held  the  rock,  the  whiles  the  thread 

By  grisly  Lachesis  was  spun  with  pain, 
That  cruel  Atropos  eftsoon  undid, 

With  cursed  knife  cutting  the  twist  in  twain. 

W.  SCOTT. 

BOOK  -  COVEBS  :  "  YELLOW  -  BACKS  ": 
"  GREEN-BACKS  "  (11  S.  ii.  189,  237,  274, 
295,  373).— The  green-back  books  preceded 
the  yellow-backs,  but  there  was  a  very  short 
interval,  if  any,  between  the  end  of  the  former 
and  the  beginning  of  the  latter. 

I  have  a  good  many  examples  of  both 
sorts.     The  green-backs  were — possibly  not 
exclusively — of    the    two    series    called    re- 
spectively    "  The     Parlour    Library "     and 
"  The    Railway    Library."     The    "  Parlour  i 
Library  "    book   has   on   its   front   cover   a  ! 
design   (dull  red   on  green)   representing  a  j 
man  and  two  women  seated  at  a  table  with 
a  book  on  it.     Above  and  about  them  is  a  ! 
very  ornate  window  or  doorway. 


ST.  SWITHIN  (ante,  p.  373)  has  postdated 
by  a  few  years  the  beginning  of  "  The 
Parlour  Library."  I  have  before  me  No.  6 
of  that  series,  viz.,  '  The  Collegians,'  by 
Gerald  Griffin,  Simms  &  M'Intyre,  1847. 
The  first  in  the  advertisement  list  is  *  The 
Black  Prophet,'  by  Wm.  Carleton.  The 
price  of  these  novels  was  one  shilling  each. 

Later  this  "  Library "  passed  into  the 
hands  of  Thomas  Hodgson,  who  probably 
took  over  Simms  &  M'Intyre's  London 
business,  as  in  both  cases  the  London  address 
is  13,  Paternoster  Row.  I  have  Mayne 
Reid's  '  Rifle  Rangers,'  1854,  in  the  green 
cover  as  above,  pries  Is.  6rf.  The  advertise- 
ment of  over  ninety  books  says  "  Single 
Volumes,  Is.  Double  Volumes,  Is.  6d." 

The  double  volumes  are  marked  with  an 
asterisk.  What  constituted  a  double  volume 

1  do   not  know.     *  The   Collegians  '    at   Is. 
has  345  pages,  while  '  The  Rifle  Rangers ' 
at  Is.  6d.  has  only  333  in  larger  type.   Hodg- 
son did  not  number  all,  or  perhaps  any,  of 
the  books  which  he  issued,  and  in  the  1854 
list   of  over  ninety    '  The   Black   Prophet ' 
(Simms  &  M'Intyre's  No.    1)  is  about  the 
eightieth.      *  Emilia  Wyndham  '  (mentioned 
by  ST.  SWITHIN)  is  in  the  list.     '  Consuelo,' 

2  vols.,  by  George  Sand,  is  the  fourth  in 
Simms  &  M'Intyre's  short  list. 

In  the  same  year,  1854,  Hodgson  published 
Mayne  Reid's  '  Scalp  Hunters.'  Although 
this  book  is  in  the  list  of  "  The  Parlour 
Library  "  contained  therein,  and  had  pro- 
bably appeared  in  the  green  covers,  this 
copy  is  presumably  one  of  those  books 
advertised  at  the  end  as  "  in  brilliant  covers 
by  Alfred  Crowquill."  It  has  on  each  cover 
a  design,  black  and  red  on  yellow,  repre- 
senting a  round  shield,  tomahawk,  &c. 
'  The  Rifle  Rangers  '  is  in  the  sarm  list  as 
well  as  in  that  of  "  The  Parlour  Library." 

Also  in  1854  G.  Routledge  &  Co.  published 
'  The  Roving  Englishman,'  in  yellow  backs, 
with  a  woodcut  on  each  cover  representing 
the  traveller  with  his  knapsack  and  staff. 

The  earliest  example  which  I  have  of  a 
book  in  a  pictorial  cover  is  '  The  White 
Slave :  Another  Picture  of  Slave  Life  in 
America,'  by  R.  Hildreth,  first  English 
edition,  George  Routledge  &  Co.,  1852, 
In  this  is  a  list  of  over  thirty  books  of  "  The 
Railway  Library."  Most  of  these  volumes 
were  published  at  Is.,  a  few  at  Is.  Qd.  The 
earliest  examples  that  I  have  of  Rout- 
ledge's  "  Railway  Library  "  are  '  The  House 
of  the  Seven  Gables,'  by  Nathaniel  Haw- 
thorne, price  Is.,  and  '  The  Polish  Lancer  ; 
or,  1812,'  price  Is.  6d.,  by  Louis  Rellstabb, 
both  published  in  1853.  The  green-back 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  19,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


415 


*'  Railway  Library  "  has  no  picture  on  the 
covers,  excepting  what  may  be  described 
as  wall-paper  branches. 

Among  the  early  so-called  "  yellow-backs,"  ! 
with    pictures    on    the    front    covers,    were  ; 
Marryat's  novels,  or  some  of  them,  published 
by  Geo.  Routledge  &  Co.  in  1856-7  at  Is.  6d. 
•each. 

I  also  note  '  The  Lion  Hunter  of  South 

Africa,'    by    R.    Gordon    Gumming,    in   red 

paper  boards  with  a  woodcut  on  the  front 

cover,     John     Murray,      1856,     price     6s.  ; 

.and  '  Wonderful  Adventures  of  Mrs.  Seacole 

in  Many  Lands,'  edited  by  W.  J.  S.,  with  an 

!   Introductory    Preface    by    W.    H.    Russell, 

!   published     by     James     Blackwood,      1857, 

price   Is.    Qd.     The  latter  is  a  yellow-back 

having    on    the    cover    a    portrait    of    Mrs. 

Seacole,    who    kept    "  The    British   Hotel," 

|  in   partnership   with   Mr.    Day,    about   two 

;  miles     from     Balaclava.     They    built     the 

41  hotel,"   which  was  chiefly  a  store  and  a 

restaurant,    but    partly    a    kindly    hospital. 

I  Mrs.    Mary    Seacole    describes    herself    as   a 

•  Creole — "  a    few    shades    duskier    than    the 

i  brunettes."     She    was    born    at    Kingston, 

Jamaica. 

It  is,  I  think,  worth  noting  that  not  all 
the  "  yellow-backs  "  were  in  paper  boards. 
I  have  '  Leonard  Lindsay,'  by  Angus  B. 
Reach,  1857,  and  'The  White  Chief,'  by 
Mayne  Reid  (no  date),  both  published  by 
J.  &.  C.  Brown  &  Co.,  2s.  each.  In  them 
canvas  takes  the  place  of  paper,  the  pictures 
on  the  covers  being  in  the  same  style  as 
those  on  the  paper-backed  volumes.  Several 
of  the  Marryat  novels  mentioned  above 
have  "  Railway  Library  "  on  the  tops  of  the 
pictorial  covers. 

Mrs.  Crowe's  '  Night  Side  of  Nature ' 
is  Nos.  44,  45  in  Geo.  Routledge  &  Co.'s 
"Railway  Library,"  but  I  have 'not  found 
it  in  "  The  Parlour  Library." 

One  should  not  forget  the  books  with 
pictorial  paper  covers,"  such  as  Cuthbert 
Bede'a  '  Verdant  Green,'  3  vols.,  and  *  A 
Story  with  a  Vengeance,'  by  Angus  B. 
Reach  and  Shirley  Brooks.  'The  earliest 
which  I  have  of  such  books  is  '  Boys  and  their 
Rulers  ;  or,  What  we  do  at  School.1 
anon.,  Nathaniel  Cooke,  1 853.  These  books — 
all,  I  think,  at  Is.  per  volume— were  illus- 
trated inside  in  addition  to  the  pictorial 
covers.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

St.  Austins,  Warrington. 

ST.   S  WITHIN  is  right :     the  first  issue  of 

novels  of  this  class  bore  a  pale  green  cover. 

t  was  published  by  Simms  &  Mclntyre  of 

Belfast  in  1849  :    '  The  Black  Prophet,'  by 


W.  Carleton,  price  one  shilling.  Monthly 
issues  followed,  and  "  The  Parlour  Library  v 
became  a  success  at  once.  The  firm  opened 
a  branch  house  in  Paternoster  Row,  and 
issued  many  successful  novels — among  others 
'  The  Chateau  d'lf,'  by  Dumas,  '  The  Dark 
Lady  of  Doona,'  &c.  The  originator  of  the 
shilling  "  green-back  "  was  Mr.  John  Simms, 
who  still  lives,  at  upwards  of  ninety,  in 
retirement  in  Ireland. 

JOHN  WARD,  F.S.A. 
Savile  Club. 

Bohn  adopted  green  for  his  "  Cheap 
Series."  I  still  possess  Hawthorne's  '  House 
of  the  Seven  Gables,-'  which  I  devoured  with 
delight  in  the  early  mornings  of  1851  before 
going  to  school.  This  was  the  thirty -first 
volume  of  the  series,  and  had  been  preceded 
by  Emerson's  '  Representative  Men,'  '  The 
Autobiography  of  Benjamin  Franklin,'  six- 
teen of  Washington  Irving's  writings,  and 
others,  all  published  at  a  shilling  each,  so 
the  public  got  good  and  cheap  literature 
even  in  those  far-off  days  ;  but  the  works 
were  non-copyright,  hence  the  cheap  price. 
Paper  and  print  were  both  excellent,  and 
the  books  bore  the  imprint  of  Harrison  & 
Son,  London  Gazette  Office,  St.  Martin's 
Lane,  and  Orchard  Street,  Westminster. 
The  volumes  were  thread-sewn,  and  not 
a  page  has  started  in  my  copy  of  Haw- 
thorne's story  through  all  these  years, 
although  it  has  had  many  readers.  This  is 
rather  a  contrast  to  the  horrible  wire- 
stitching  frequently  now  in  use. 

JOHN  COLLINS  FRANCIS. 

ST.  SWITHIN  speaks  of  "  The  Parlour 
Library  "  in  "  paper-boards  of  an  eau-de-Nil 
kind  of  tint."  I  have  many  "  green-backs," 
including  '  Bracebridge  Hall '  and  '  The 
Alhambra '  by  Washington  Irving,  pub- 
lished in  1850  by  "  George  Routledge  &  Co., 
Soho  Square."  S.  J.  A.  F. 

"RAIN-SMIR"  (11  S.  ii.  346).— Both  as 
given  here  and  in  the  extended  form 
"  smirrin',"  this  word,  denoting  a  fino  misty 
rain,  is  in  common  use  in  the  Scottish  Low- 
lands. Jamieson  when  preparing  the  Scottish 
Dictionary  does  not  seem  to  have  had  this 
pronunciation  of  the  eastern  counties  re- 
ported to  him,  and  he  consequently  enters 
the  term  only  under  the  heading  "  smurr." 
He  defines  it  as  "a  drizzling  rain,"  says  that 
it  is  employed  in  this  sense  in  Ayrshire, 
Perthshire,  and  Renfrewshire,  and  adds 
that  it  is  "equivalent  to  Dagg,  denoting 
such  rain  as  scarcely  exceeds  mist."  From 
the  rambling  miscellany  entitled  '^The  Gallo- 


416 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  19, mo. 


vidian  Encyclopaedia  '  he  gives  the  quota- 
tion, "  Smurr,  light  rain,  rather  heavier 
than  dew,"  which  illustrates  the  prevalence 
of  the  word  in  the  southern  counties.  His 
explanation  of  the  etymology  is,  "  Teut. 
smoor,  funius,  vapor  ;  smoor-en,  vaporare." 
Halliwell  in  the  '  Archaic  Dictionary  '  has  the 
entry,  "  Smur.  Small  misty  rain/East." 
THOMAS  BAYNE. 

"  Smir,"  often  written  "  smirr,"  also 
"  smur  "  and  "  smurr,"  is  a  common  expres- 
sion in  many  districts  in  England  and  Scot- 
land, generally  in  the  form  "a  smir  of  rain." 
Many  illustrative  quotations  are  given  in  the 
*  English  Dialect  Dictionary,'  where  the 
meaning  of  the  word  is  defined  as  "a 
drizzling  mist  or  rain  :  fine  rain." 

T.  F.  D. 
[MR.  TOM  JONES  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

WORDSWORTH  :  VARIANT  READINGS  (US. 
ii.  222,  294).— The  editor  of  '  The  Eversley 
Wordsworth  '  (viii.  273)  has  drawn  from  a 
manuscript  source  the  following  sonnet, 
which  Mr.  No  well  Smith  reprints  in  his 
edition  of  the  poet  (iii.  427),  ascribing  the 
first  publication  of  it  to  Prof.  Knight,  and 
giving  as  the  date  of  its  composition  "  per- 
haps 1812  "  :— 

My  Son  !  behold  the  tide  already  spent 

That  rose,  and  steadily  advanced  to  fill 

The  shores  and  channels,  working  Nature's  will 

Among  the  mazy  streams  that  backward  went, 

And  in  the  sluggish  Ports  where  ships  were  pent. 

And  now,  its  task  performed,  the  flood  stands  still 

At  the  green  base  of  many  an  inland  hill, 

In  placid  beauty  and  entire  content. 

Such  the  repose  that  Sage  and  Hero  find, 

Such  measured  rest  the  diligent  and  good 

Of  humbler  name,  whose  souls  do  like  the  flood 

Of  ocean  press  right  on,  or  gently  wind. 

Neither  to  be  diverted  nor  withstood 

Until  they  reach  the  bounds  by  Heaven  assigned. 

The  credit  of  publishing  this  sonnet  belongs, 
however,  to  Wordsworth,  since  it  forms  the 
concluding  passage  of  '  A  Fact,  and  an  Ima- 
gination ;  or,  Canute  and  Alfred,  on  the 
Sea-shore.'  This  poem,  according  to  Mr. 
Hutchinson,  Mr.  Nowell  Smith,  and  Prof. 
Knight,  was  composed  in  the  year  1816,  and 
published  four  years  later.  From  the  re- 
marks of  Wordsworth  to  Miss  Fenwick  we 
gather  that  the  first  and  the  last  fourteen 
lines  were  in  existence  before  the  inter- 
mediate fifteen  were  written,  so  that  Mr. 
Nowell  Smith  may  be  right  in  assigning  the 
composition  of  "  My  Son  !  "  &c.  to  a  date 
earlier  by  several  years  than  that  of  the 
poem  as  a  whole. 

At  all  events,  it  is  interesting  to  observe 
how  Wordsworth,  by  a  very  slight  change, 


manages  to  put  what  seems  like  an  utter- 
ance from  his  own  experience  into  the 
mouth  of  King  Alfred  : — 

My  faithful  followers,  lo  !  the  tide  is  spent. 
From  this  point  the  two  versions  are  word 
for  word  the  same,  except  that  "  Ports " 
and  "were"  (1.  5),  "its"  (1.  6),  "entire" 
(1.  8),  and  "  diligent  "  (1.  10)  in  "  My  Son  !  " 
&c.,  become  "pools,"  "are,"  "his,"  "sub- 
lime,"  and  "  sedulous,"  in  '  A  Fact,  and  an. 
Imagination.'  I  regret  that  the  identity  of 
these  sonnets  escaped  my  notice  until  it 
was  too  late  to  begin  removing  the  super- 
fluous quotations  from  the  proofs  of  the 
'  Concordance  to  Wordsworth.' 

The  edition  of  Wordsworth  with  an 
Introduction  by  Viscount  Morley  has  been 
referred  to  by  another  correspondent  as  if 
it  were  authoritative  in  the  dating  of  Words- 
worth's poems.  The  shortcomings  of  this 
volume  were  discussed  in  The  Academy  for 
12  January,  1889,  and  26  August,  1893. 
In  general  it  is  so  faulty  in  the  matter  of 
dates,  both  of  composition  and  first  pub- 
lication, that  I  may  be  excused  for  my 
failure  to  consult  it  in  the  particular  instance 
of  '  Ecclesiastical  Sonnets,'  iii.  12.  Its 
faults  have  been  reproduced  in  the  "  Cam- 
bridge Edition"  (1904)  published  by  the 
Houghton  Mifnin  Company,  which  may  be 
similarly  disregarded  when  one  is  speaking 
of  the  more  "  recent  "  authorities  on  Words- 
worth. LANE  COOPER. 

Ithaca,  New  York. 

THE  "  HALLS  "  DISTRICT  (11  S.  ii.  329).— 
Though  now  out  of  date,  and  only  to  be 
found  in  public  libraries,  Britton  and 
Brayley's  ;  Beauties  of  England  arid  Wales,' 
London,  1801-16,  18  vols.  in  25,  contains 
much  information,  especially  with  regard 
to  family  seats  within  the  district  indicated.  . 
Cheshire  is  described  in  vol.  ii.,  and  Shrop- 
shire in  vol.  xiii.  part  i.  A  much  more 
concise  publication,  Murray's  '  Cheshire  and 
Shropshire,'  1869,  issued,  I  suppose,  as  one 
of  the  well-known  Handbooks,  is  now  out 
of  print. 

Other  works,  dealing  with  particular 
districts,  may  be  mentioned  : — 

Platt's  'History  and  Antiquities  of  Nantwich,' 
London,  1818. 

Hall's  'History  of  the  Town  and  Parish  of  Nant- 
wich,' Nantwich,  1883. 

Lee's  'History  of  Market  Drayton,  with  som< 
Account  of  Ashley,  Betton,  Norton,  Cheswardme, 
and  other  Villages,'  London,  1861. 

An  article  on  'Crewe  and  its  Industries,'  in  Jne 
\  Leisure  Hour,  1896-7. 

An  account  of  'Crewe  Hall,  Cheshire,'  in    ' 
|  Gentleman's  Magazine  Library,"  1892. 


n  s.  ii.  NOV.  19,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


417 


The  following  publications  of  an  earlier 
day  will  need  to  be  sought  for  in  libraries  : — 

Hone's  'Every -Day  Book,'  1827,  contains  an 
article  on  'Cheshire  Customs.' 

Hume's  '  Antiquities  of  Cheshire.'  London,  J.  R. 
Smith,  1863  (published  at  21*.)- 

Anderson's  '  Shropshire :  its  Early  History  and 
Antiquities,'  London,  J.  R.  Smith,  1864. 

More  recent  works,  and  easily  procured, 
are  : — 

Freeman's  'English  Towns  and  Districts,'  1883 
(containing  an  account  of  Chester). 

Mr.  W.  E.  A.  Axon's  'Cheshire  Gleanings,'  Man- 
chester, Heywood,  1884,  6*. 

Thornley's  'Monumental  Brasses  of  Lancashire 
and  Cheshire,'  Hull,  Andrews,  1893,  7*.  6d. 

Gillichan's  'Cheshire'  ("Little  Guides"),  London, 
Methuen,  2*.  Qd. 

Coward's  'Picturesque  Cheshire,'  London,  Sherratt 
&  Hughes,  5s. 

1  Old  English  Cottages  and  Farm-*Iouses  :  Shrop- 
shire, Herefordshire,  and  Cheshire,'  London,  Bats- 
ford,  21s. 

Hare's  '  Shropshire,'  London,  Allen,  6s. 

Leighton's  'Shropshire  Houses,  Past  and  Present,' 
London,  Bell,  21*. 

Auden  (editor),  'Memorials  of  Old  Shropshire,' 
London,  Bemrose. 

Murray's  Handbook,  'Northern  Cathedrals'  (in- 
cluding Chester),  2  vols.,  21.s. 

Mr.  Anderson  ('British  Topography')  men- 
tions a  great  number  of  other  works,  but 
does  not  come  later  than  1881. 

W.  SCOTT. 
Stirling,  N.B. 

HOBBY-HORSE  (11  S.  ii.  209,  257,  317).— 
The  following  may  be  of  interest  : — 
Since  Robin  Hood,  Maid  Marion, 
And  Little  John  are  gone-a, 
The  Hobby-horse  was  quite  forgot 
Since  Kempe  did  dance  alone-a. 
He  did  labour 
Unto  the  tabor 
For  to  dance 
Then  into  France,  &c. 

This  is  from  T.  Weelkes's  '  Ayers  or  Phan- 
tasticke  Spirites,'  1608.  Kempe' s  account 
of  his  famous  dance  from  London  to  Nor- 
wich has  been  reprinted  within  the  last 
century.  GALFRID  K.  CONGREVE. 

Vermilion,  Alberta,  Canada. 

GOWER  FAMILY  OF  WORCESTERSHIRE  (US. 
ii.  249). — I  have  seen  various  MSS.  by 
members  of  the  Gower  family  of  the  past 
in  which  reference  is  made  to  the  second- 
cousinship  of  Abel  Gower  of  Boughton 
St.  John  (who  died  1669)  to  Lord  Gower  of 
Trentham,  but  in  none  is  there  made  any 
clearer  statement  than  this  vague  one. 
As  a  matter  of  fact,  the  writers  alluded  to 
a  relationship  by  marriage.  There  was  no 
Lord  Gower  when  Abel  died,  the  barony  not 
having  been  conferred  until  33  years  later. 


But  the  first  Lord  Gower's  father  Sir  William 
Leveson-Gower,  4th  Baronet,  was  related 
by  marriage  to  Abel  Gower  of  Boughton 
St.  John,  a  daughter  of  the  one  family 
having  been  given  in  marriage  to  a  son  of  the 
other  family. 

The  only  other  relationship  of  the  two 
families  is  a  possible,  even  probable,  common 
origin  in  the  days  of  the  Plantagenets,  when 
the  original  stock  drifted  from  the  north  of 
Yorkshire  into  Warwickshire,  Staffordshire, 
and  Worcestershire.  The  tradition  of  the 
intermarriage  I  speak  of  is  a  well-established 
one  in  the  family,  and  is  frequently  alluded 
to  in  old  MSS.  Nichols  evidently  referred 
to  it  in  his  '  County  Families  of  Wales,'  thus 
giving  rise  to  the  notion  that  a  closer  relation- 
ship existed.  MARTELLO. 

'  ARDEN  OF  FEVERSHAM  '  :  "  GALE  "  (11  S. 
ii.  226,  337).— The  meaning  of  "  gale  "  in 
nautical  usage  in  Elizabethan  times  seems 
to  have  depended  upon  the  adjective  used 
with  it.  John  Smith  in  his  *  Accidence  for 
Young  Sea-men  '  thus  classifies  the  winds  : 

"  A  calme,  a  brese,  a  fresh  gaile,  a  pleasant  gaile. 
It  overblowes.  A  gust,  a  storme,  a  spoute,  a  loume 
gaile,  an  eddy  wind,  a  flake  of  wind,  a  Turnado,  a 
mounthe  soune,  a  Herycano." 

In  literary  usage  it  is  also  usually  qualified, 
but  mostly,  I  think,  in  a  favourable  sense  : 
Shakespeare  has  "  happy  gale "  ;  Gray, 
"  gentle  gales,  and  skies  serene."  There  is 
a  story  told  of  Dr.  Guthrie  that,  ministering 
once  to  a  seafaring  congregation  on  the 
east  coast  of  Scotland,  he  prayed  for  "  pro- 
pitious gales."  The  congregation  remon- 
strated. To  them,  as  to  most  people  now, 
"  gale "  meant  "  storm "  or  something 
near  it.  C.  C.  B. 

ALEXANDRINES  IN  SHAKESPEARE  (11  S. 
ii.  309). — In  answer  to  ETJRIBEK,  may  I 
point  out  that  in  a  very  large  number  of 
instances  it  would  be  a  matter  of  opinion 
or  taste  whether  a  line  should  be  taken  as 
an  alexandrine  or  a  (very  crowded)  5-footer? 
For  example,  all  the  words  ending  in  "  -ion  " 
may  be  legitimately  scanned  like  "  the 
Cherub  Contemplation "  :  such  a  line  as 
'  Hamlet,'  I.  i.  105,  may  be  either 

Is  the  |  main  mot  |  ive  of  |  our  prep  |  arat  |  ions 
(cf.    *  Hamlet,'    I.    i.     156,      "  probation "  ; 
II.  ii  573,  "  malefactions,"  and  passim),  or 

Is  the  |  main  mo  I  tive  of  |  our  prep  I  arations. 
I  prefer  the  latter  myself,  in  this  instance, 
but  certainly  could  not  disable  the  former. 
Similarly,  "  Horatio  "  causes  the  same 
ambiguity  (I.  i.  42,  43,  &c.).  Also,  the  final 
"-ed"  of  participles  and  verbs  (cf.  I.  i.  17, 


418 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  19,  1910. 


"  relieved.  ").  Again,  different  texts  arrange 
lines  differently  : .  one  text  will  print  a  foot 
extra  metrum  where  another  will  incorporate 
the  words  with  the  preceding  or  following 
line,  whereupon  an  unmistakable  alexandrine 
results  (cf.  I.  i.  64,  "  'Tis  gone  "  ;  I.  i.  136, 
"  'Tis  strange,"  &c.). 

In  a  careful  reading  of  the  first  act  I  find 
20  instances  which  may  fairly  be  scanned  as 
alexandrines  (though  I  should  not  myself 
scan  them  all  so)  :  a  few  others  noticed 
casually  are  subjoined.  The  edition  used 
is  the  Clarendon  Press  text,  Clark  and 
Wright,  1887  :— 

I.  i.  17.        Who place. 

I.  i.  86.        Did  slay compact. 

T.  i.  93.        Had  he covenant. 

I.  ii.  2.         The  memory befitted. 

I.  ii.  87.       'Tis  sweet Hamlet. 

I.  ii.  90.       That  father bound. 

I.  ii.  119.     I  pray Wittenberg. 

I.  ii.  140.     Hyperion mother. 

I.  ii.  160.     Hail well. 

I.  ii.  180.     Thrift meats. 

I.  iii.  24.     Whereof loves  you. 

I.  iv.  5.       Indeed season. 

I.  v.  13.       Are  burnt forbid. 

I.  v.  93.        And  shall  I heart. 

I.  v.  150.      Ah  ha truepenny. 

I.  v.  151.      Come  on cellarage. 

I.  v.  163.      A  worthy friends. 

I.  v.  186.      God  willing together. 

I.  v.  176-7.*As,  Well if  they  might. 

II.  i.  113.     And  meant jealousy. 

II.  ii.  570.   Fie  upon 't heard. 

IV.  v.  65.    For  good greenly. 

IV.  Y.  84.    O'erbears lord. 

H.  K.  ST.  J.  S. 

Dr.  Abbott  ('  Shakespearian  Grammar,' 
p.  397)  distinctly  states  that  "  a  proper 
alexandrine  with  six  accents ....  is  seldom 
found  in  Shakespeare."  He  cites  a  number 
of  apparent  alexandrines,  some  of  them 
occurring  in  '  Hamlet,'  but  shows  that  not 
one  of  them  answers  his  definition  of  "a 
proper  alexandrine."  Has  Prof.  Saintsbury 
been  correctly  quoted  ?  W.  SCOTT. 

[MR.  TOM  JONES  also  refers  to  Dr.  Abbott.] 

BOHEMIANS  AND  GIPSIES  (11  S.  ii.  306). — 
When,  towards  the  end  of  the  fifteenth 
century,  some  natives  of  Bohemia  came  to 
the  Court  of  the  King  of  France,  the  French 
people  were  much  astonished  to  find  that 
they  were  not  gipsies.  Cf.  '  Diary  of  an 
Embassy  from  King  George  of  Bohemia  to 
King  Louis  XI.  of  France,'  translated  by 
A.  Henry  Wratislaw  (London,  1871). 

L.  L.  K. 


*  These  lines  are  not  easy  to  reduce  to  scansion 
at  all,  but  they  cannot  be  got  into  the  5-footer 
mould. 


WELLINGTON  AND  BLUCHER  AT  WATERLOO.- 
C.  S.  BENECKE  (US.  ii.  227,  370).— I  possess 
a  handbook  of  '  The  New  Palace  of  West- 
minster,' dated  1880.  At  the  end  is  a- 
detailed  description  of  Maclise's  fresco 
purporting  to  have  been  copied  from  The 
Aihenceum,  but  no  date  is  given.  I  quote 
thence  the  following  sentence  : — 

"Like  two  wings  of  the  composition,  on  either 
side  of  the  Generals  is  grouped  the  Staff  of  each. 
On  the  Prussian  side,  next  to.Bliicher,  ride  Gneis- 
neau,  the  commander  to  whom  the  pursuit  was 
given,  with  white  plumes  in  his  hat,  Nostitz,  Bulpw 
— an  old,  yellow  man,  in  a  blue  coat  loaded  with 
orders,  —  Zeithen,  and  others:  amongst  them  a 
Brunswick  officer,  with  the  skull  and  cross-bones 
on  his  shako,  and  nearest  to  the  front  mounted 
upon  a  magnificent  white  horse,  rides  Sir  Hussey 
Vivian  (Lord  Vivian)  in  a  hussar's  dress." 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

BUILDERS  IN  DEVONSHIRE,  1812-30  (11 
S.  ii.  310). — The  Military  Hospitals  of  Stoke, 
about  half  a  mile  from  Dock,  were  planned 
under  the  direction  of  the  Duke  of  Rich- 
mond, but  erected  under  the  superintend- 
ence of  the  Barrack  Board,  during  the  war 
which  followed  the  French  Revolution.  See 
further  as  regards  Plymouth  public  works 
Dr.  James  Dugdale's  '  British  Traveller,' 
1819,  pp.  166-72  and  p.  178. 

J.  HOLDEN  MACMICHAEL. 

SCOTCH  AND  IRISH  BOOKSELLERS  (11  S. 
i.  423  ;  ii.  170). — I  add  the  names  of  th& 
only  eighteenth-century  booksellers  or  pub- 
lishers I  can  discover  in  Greenock,  though 
in  the  early  nineteenth  century  there  arose 
others  who  supplied  much  ammunition  for 
pamphlet  wars  : — 

William  Me  Alpine,  1788. 
Thomas  Murray,  1790. 
G.  Laird,  1799. 

WM.  C.  MITCHELL. 
Greenock. 

FRANCIS  PECK  (11  S.  ii.  68,  136,  175,  295)- 
— Francis  Peck  the  younger,  son  of  the  Rev. 
Francis  Peck,  Rector  of  Saltwood,  was  born 
31  October,  1685,  in  the  parish  of  Saltwood, 
and  baptized  on  8  November  following  in 
St.  Leonard's  Church,  Hythe.  His  mother's 
name  was  Margaret.  R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

Sandgate. 

MIERS,  SILHOUETTE  ARTIST  (11  S.  ii.  369) 
— MR.  LEONARD  PRICE  will  find  something 
about  Miers  if  he  will  refer  to  my  reply 
under  the  heading  '  Silhouettes  of  Children, 
printed  at  9  S.  x.  74,  and  the  other  references 
there  given.  H.  R,  LEIGHTON. 

[MR.  A.  S.  LEWIS  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  19,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


419 


0tt 


The  Nobilities  of  Europe.     Edited  by  the  Marquis 

de  Ruvigny.  (Melville  &  Co.) 
ALTHOUGH  this  is  the  second  edition  of  this  work, 
the  author  has  not  yet  succeeded  in  making  it 
complete,  but  he  tells  us  that  he  hopes  in  a  future 
issue,  to  include  several  more  lists,  and  to  com- 
plete the  existing  ones,  particularly  in  the  case  of 
France.  The  work  as  at  present  presented  is 
somewhat  sketchy;  in  fact,  the  author  in  many 
cases  only  claims  that  the  lists  are  tentative. 

In  addition  to  Great  Britain  and  Ireland,  the 
countries  dealt  with  are  Belgium,  Denmark,  Fin- 
land, France,  Germany,  Hungary,  Italy,  Malta, 
the  Netherlands,  Norway,  the  Papal  States, 
Portugal,  Russia,  Spain,  and  Sweden. 

The  articles  introducing  the  nobility  of  each 
country,  and  explaining  the  establishment  and 
history  of  the  creation  of  the  nobility,  are  generally 
interesting,  and,  so  far  as  we  have  been  able  to 
check  them,  appear  to  be  well-informed  and 
accurate.  We  cannot  say  that  the  illustrations 
are  very  aptly  chosen  as  representative  of  the 
ancient  nobility  of  Europe.  They  begin  with  the 
arms  of  a  London  solicitor  who  was  a  few  years  ago 
created  a  Baron  of  the  Saxe-Ernestine  family 
Order.  Then  we  have  the  arms  of  two  gentlemen 
well  known  in  the  City  —  Baron  Sousa  Deiro  and 
Count  Leopoldina  —  and  of  two  other  gentlemen 
claiming  to  represent  ancient  houses  through  the 
maternal  line.  When  such  splendid  families  are 
available  to  represent  the  nobility  of  Europe  as 
those  of  the  Count  de  Longueyille,  the  Marquis  de 
Bucy,  the  Metaxas,  the  Medicis,  the  Schimmel- 
pennincks,  the  Decazes,  and  the  Radziwills,  it 
seems  a  pity  that  the  illustrations  are  not  of  a 
more  representative  character. 

We  suggest  that  in  a  future  edition  the  lists  of 
peers  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  might  be 
omitted,  as  to  English  readers  Burke  and  Debrett 
are  always  available,  and  deal  very  much  more 
fully  with  the  British  peerage. 

The  book  is  not  entirely  without  its  humours. 
We  find  on  p.  361  that  Oliver  of  San  Francisco, 
"  having  about  1878  presented  H.  H.  Pope 
Leo  XIII.  with  a  single  block  of  gold  worth 
10,OOOZ.,  was  by  him  created  a  Marquess  "  ; 
and  again  on  p.  283  we  note  that  George  Cockle, 
third  son  of  James  Cockle,  the  originator  of  the 
"  Compound  Antibilious  Pills,"  was  created  by  the 
Republic  of  San  Marino  Marquess  of  Monte 
Carlo. 

At  the  end  of  the  book  the  pedigrees  of  Lowndes 
"f  Arthurlie,  De  Raet,  and  Grimaldi  are  set  out. 
Why  these  three  families  are  chosen,  in  preference 
t"  others  of  more  prominence,  we  do  not  under- 
stand. 

We  have  had  an  opportunity  of  submitting  the 
book  to  a  Danish  and  a  Dutch  expert.  The 
latter  tells  us  that  in  the  case  of  his  country  the 
information  is  sound  and  the  lists  accurate, 
pt  for  a  few  matters  of  spelling.  Our 
Danish  expert  goes  much  more  into  detail,  and 
finds  much  more  to  criticize  in  the  article  on  the 
Nobility  of  Denmark,  and  again  the  spelling  of 
t  he  titles  seems  very  faulty.  We  may  publish  this 
critic's  remarks  in  a  subsequent  number.  We 


note  that  on  p.  5  the  well-known  property  of 
the  Duke  of  Rutland  is  called  "  Hadden  "  instead 
of  Haddon. 

We  should  have  expected  to  hear  something  of 
the  celebrated  knighthoods  which  prevailed  in 
Europe  during  the  Crusades  and  up  to  Tudor 
times,  and  which  appear  in  Guillim's  '  Display  of 
Heraldry  '  ;  but  there  is  no  note  of  Orders  such 
as  the  Knights  of  the  Holy  Sepulchre  in  Italy,  the 
Knights  Hospitallers  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  in 
Malta,  the  Knights  Templars  founded  in  1118,  or 
the  Knights  of  the  Lily  of  Navarre  in  Spain. 
Many  of  the  most  noble  families  mentioned  in 
connexion  with  these  knighthoods  do  not  appear 
in  the  volume  before  us.  Of  course,  they  may 
have  all  become  extinct,  but  this  is  hardly  likely. 

The  labour  of  getting  out  this  volume  must  have 
been  very  considerable,  and  we  wish  to  give  the 
Marquis  every  credit  for  his  industry;  we  shall 
be  glad  to  see  the  next  edition,  and  hope  to  find 
more  representative  illustrations  and  the  com- 
pletion of  the  lists  of  France  and  one  or  two  other 
countries.  We  note  tnat  the  author's  own  family 
is  one  of  antiquity  and  eminence,  and  we  think 
he  might  more  suitably  have  given  an  illustration 
of  his  own  achievement  of  arms  than  of  those 
which  at  present  adorn  the  volume. 

The  Burlinglon  Magazine  devotes  its  editorial 
articles  this  month  to  '  International  Exhibitions 
and  Loans  of  Works  of  Art,'  regarded  from  the 
point  of  view  of  art  and  of  mere  advertisement,  and 
the  new  theatre  at  Windsor,  immediately  under 
the  walls  of  the  Castle,  which  is  denounced  as  a- 
national  eyesore.  The  frontispiece  and  several 
other  illustrations  exhibit  the  beauty  of  the 
famous  statue  known  as  the  '  Fanciulla'  d'Anzio,' 
which  is  now  in  the  Museo  delle  Terme  at  Rome, 
having  been  purchased  for  450,000  lire.  It  is, 
indeed,  a  beautiful  work,  worthy  to  be  assigned 
to  Leochares  or  some  other  Greek  master ;  it  is 
not,  however,  Mrs.  Eugenic  Strong  maintains,  a. 
female  statue  at  all,  but  rather  a  representation 
of  a  boy  engaged  in  the  laurel-bearing  rite  of 
Apollo.  Her  article  entitled  '  Daphnephoros  r 
certainly  makes  out  a  strong  case  for  the  mascu- 
line attribution,  and  it  seems  odd  that  the  points 
she  mentions  should  not  have  been  brought 
forward  before.  The  whole  article  is  of  great 
interest.  '  Chinese  Paintings  in  the  British 
Museum,'  a  second  article  by  Mr.  L.  Binyon,  re- 
veals some  beautiful  designs ;  while  Herr  R. 
Meyer-Riefstahl's  article  on  '  Vincent  van  Gogh  ' 
gives  a  striking  account  of  a  remarkable  career. 
The  unfortunate  artist,  who  died  by  his  own  hand 
in  1800,  was  a  leader  among  those  successors  to  the 
Impressionists  who  represent  the  last  word  in 
painting,  and  are  now  being  introduced  to- 
English  artists  and  art  -  fanciers.  Mr.  WT.  G> 
Thomson  has  an  illustrated  article  on  '  Hispano- 
Moresque  Carpets  '  ;  and  Mr.  H.  N.  Veitch 
another  on  '  Sheffield  Plate  :  the  Period  of 
Registered  Marks,'  which  should  be  of  interest 
to  collectors. 

Among  various  briefer  communications  atten- 
tion may  be  drawn  to  Mr.  C.  J.  Holmes's  sugges- 
tion that  the  model  for  '  The  Woman  with  the 
Arrow,'  Rembrandt's  last  etched  plate,  was  no 
Dutchwoman,  but  an  Englishwoman  ;  and  a 
severe  attack  on  the  arrangement  and  description 
of  the  drawings  of  the  Turner  Bequest  made  by 
Mr.  A.  J.  Finberg  in  1000  for  the  Trustees  of  the 
National  Gallery. 


420 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  19, 1910. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — NOVEMBER. 

MR.  EDWARD  BAKER'S  Birmingham  Catalogue 
275  contains  only  110  items,  but  most  of  these 
are  books  in  the  original  boards,  uncut,  and  nearly 
all  with  paper  labels.  We  note  '  China  in  Minia- 
ture,' 2  vols.,  12rno,  Ackermann,  1823,  21.  2s.  ; 
Roscoe's  '  German  Novelists,'  4  vols.,  1826, 
11.  5s.  ;  Lady  Caroline  Lamb's  '  Graham  Hamil- 
ton,' 2  vols.,*  1822,  31.  3s.  ;  Lytton's  '  Falkland,' 
1827,  37.  3s.  ;  Chambers's  '  Picture  of  Scotland,' 
1827,  2  vols.,  11.  5s.  ;  and  Las  Casas's  '  Memoirs,' 
1818,  21.  2s.  There  are  works  under  James  Hogg, 
Washington  Irving,  Scott,  and  others. 

Mr.  L.  C.  Braun's  Catalogue  66  contains  a  good 
general  list.  Art  and  Illustrated  Books  include 
Molmenti's  '  Venice,'  21.  2s.  ;  Camden's  '  Britan- 
nia,' 4  vols.,  folio,  1806,  31.  3s.  ;  and  '  European 
Scenery,'  6  vols.,  1820-23,  31.  3s.  The  general  por- 
tion contains  the  Berry  Journals,  3  vols.,  half-calf, 
1?.  5s.  ;  Burke's  '.  Landed  Gentry,'  4  vols.,  1837-8, 
11.  6s.  ;  and  Walpole's  '  Anecdotes  of  Painting,' 
5  vols.,  original  calf,  1786,  7s.  6d.  Under  Topo- 
graphy and  Engraved  Views  is  much  of  interest, 
especially  concerning  London  and  Middlesex. 
A  spotless  copy  of  Park's  '  Hampstead,'  1818,  is 
21.  2s.  ;  and  an  extra-illustrated  Lysons's  '  En- 
virons,' 6  vols.  in  5,  4to,  calf,  31.  10s.  (including  the 
supplement). 

Mr.  Frank  Redway's  Wimbledon  Catalogue  7 
contains  among  Manuscripts  one  of  the  fifteenth 
century  from  the  collection  of  the  late  Sir  Thomas 
Phillipps,  '  Liber  Magistri  Hugonis  de  Sacramentis 
Ecclesia?.'  The  volume,  in  the  original  oak 
boards,  belonged  to  the  Monastery  of  St.  Barbara 
at  Cologne  ;  it  is  beautifully  written  on  white 
vellum,  396  pp.,  4to,  187.  Among  first  editions 
are  Browning's  '  Strafford,'  1837,  11.,  and  '  Bells 
and  Pomegranates,'  complete  set  of  the  eight 
parts  (Part  V.  is,  as  usual,  the  second  edition),  a 
fine  copy,  Moxon,  1841-6,  HZ.  15s.  ;  Sorrow's 
4  Romano  Lavo-Lil,'  1874,  31.  5s.,  and  '  The 
Zincali,'  1841,  31.  5s.  ;  Pierce  Egan's  '  Life  in 
London,'  a  fine  copy  in  full  crimson  levant,  1821, 
SI.  10s.  ;  Kipling's  '  Plain  Tales  from  the  Hills,' 
Calcutta,  1888,  21.  10s.  6d.  ;  George  Meredith's 
'  Beauchamp's  Career,'  3  vols.,  original  cloth,  1876, 
47.  4s.  ;  and  '  Sense  and  Sensibility,'  '  Emma,' 
'  Northanger  Abbey,'  and  '  Persuasion,'  and 
second  editions  of  '  Pride  and  Prejudice  '  and 

1  Mansfield    Park,'    16    vols.,    half-calf,    51.    15s. 
Doyle's  '  Overland  Journey  to  the  Great  Exhibi- 
tion of  1851,'  with  autograph  letter,  is  21.  2s.  ; 
and  Dora  Greenwell's  '  Poems,'  1867,  with  manu- 
script  and   letter,    11.    12s.    Qd.     Under   America 
are     also     first     editions,     including     Thorean's 
*  Walden,'   in   the   original   cloth  with   advertise- 
ments, Ticknor     &  Fields,  1854,  31.  15s.     There 
are   first   editions   of   Thomas    Hardy   and    Kate 
Greenaway.     Also  some  Baxter  prints. 

Mr.  C.  Richardson's  Manchester  Catalogue  63 
contains  Anderson's  '  Pictorial  Arts  of  Japan,' 
4  parts,  folio,  1886,  61.  ;  also  a  very  fine  copy  of 
Audsley's  '  Ornamental  Arts  of  Japan,'  12Z. 
There  are  many  works  under  America.  Under 
Jerrold  is  the  first  edition  of  '  Cakes  and  Ale,' 

2  vols.,  1842,  21.  ;    under  Shakespeare,  the  third 
.edition  of  Malone,  21  vols.,  old  calf,  1821,  117.  15s.  ; 
under      Tennyson,      Bightwell's      '  Concordance,' 
Moxon,    1869,    17.    Is.  ;    under  Wales,    Nicholas's 


'Annals,'  27.  5s.  ;  while  under  Moliere  is  the 
Edition  de  Luxe,  limited  to  200  copies,  introduc- 
tion by  Saintsbury,  8  vols.,  27.  2s. 

Messrs.  Henry  Young  &  Sons'  Liverpool  Cata- 
logue CCCCXVI.  contains  a  very  tall,  perfect 
copy  of  the  fifth  edition  of  Chaucer,  1602,  127.  12s. 
This  edition  is  of  bibliographical  interest  because 
of  additions  printed  for  the  first  time.  There 
is  the  first  folio  of  '  The  Faerie  Queene,'  1609, 
157.  15s.  ;  also  the  fourth  and  last  folio  edition 
of  Spenser's  Works,  1679,  87.  8s.  The  editio 
princeps,  in  perfect  state,  of-  Fuchsius's  Herbal, 
Basle,  1542,  is  327.  A  note  states  that  William 
Morris  "  held  the  work  in  highest  esteem,  and 
continually  used  it  for  suggestions  in  design." 
Under  Kelmscott  Press  is  its  chef-d'ceuvre,  Chaucer, 
607.  Under  Bunyan  is  the  first  edition  of  '  Solo- 
mon's Temple  Spiritualiz'd,'  1688,  61.  6s.  There 
are  works  under  America,  Devon  and  Cornwall, 
and  Liverpool.  The  general  portion  includes 
Leslie's  '  Memoirs  of  Constable,'  specially  embel- 
lished with  20  of  his  pictures,  1843,  127.  12s.  ; 
Holbein's  '  Portraits,'  original  impressions,  mostly 
proofs,  107.  ;  Macaulay's  '  History,'  5  vols., 
first  editions,  extra-illustrated,  87.  8s.  ;  and 
Ralfe's  '  Naval  Chronology,'  with  60  fine  plates 
of  important  engagements,  3  vols.,  half  blue 
levant  by  Zaehnsdorf,  1820,  107.  Under  Portugal 
is  Murphy's  '  Travels,'  1795-8,  2  vols.,  97.  9s. 
This  copy  was  bound  for  the  Hamilton  Palace 
Library  of  William  Beckford,  and  is  in  the  finest 
red  straight-grained  English  morocco.  There  are 
beautiful  specimens  of  royal  and  armorial  bind- 
ings, and  a  number  of  bargains  for  book-collectors. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


MR.  C.  G.  SMITHERS. — We  regret  to  hear  of  the 
death  of  Mr.  C.  G.  Smithers,  of  47,  Darnley  Road, 
Dalston,  who  dropped  down  dead  in  the  street 
last  Saturday  on  the  way  to  the  inquest  on  his  wife. 
He  was  83,  and  she  84.  He  was  an  occasional 
contributor  to  our  columns.  His  father  was  a 
naval  officer  who  fought  at  Trafalgar,  and  at  one 
time  a  prisoner  of  war  at  Verdun. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  dp  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
bo  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery- 
Lane,  E.G. 

J.  T.  LOOMIS,  Washington. — Anticipated  ante, 
p.  357. 

B.  W.  ("  Early  Arms  of  Paris  " ).—  The  quotation 
is  a  joke. 

G.  H.  G.  ("  C'est  inagnifique,  mais  ce  n'est  pas 
la  guerre  "). — Attributed  to  Marshal  Canrobert  on 
viewing  the  charge  of  the  Light  Brigade  at  B 
clava. 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  26,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


421 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  26,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-No.  48. 

NOTES :— Alfieri  in  England,  421— Shakespeariana,  422— 
Inscriptions  in  Sandpits  Cemetery,  Gibraltar,  423— Dis- 
raeli's Henrietta — Sir  Henry  Wotton  on  Ambassadors — 
Scott  on  "  Kelso  Convoy,"  425— Arms  of  Archbishops  of 
York— Traherne  :  Rimes  to  "  Joy  "— " Bael"  :  "Bhel"— 
"Corbie-steps"— "Seal theen,"  an  Irish  Drink  —  "Sur- 
master,"  426. 

QUERIES :— Rousseau  and  Davenport- Guichard  d' Angle 
—John  Joel  or  Jouel,  1364— Hon.  Mrs.  Calverb— Smiths 
of  Parndon  — ' Letters  by  an  American  Spy'— Early 
Graduation  —  Wray's  Poem  '  Interpreted '  —  Milton's 
Father's  Signature,  427  —  Boccaccio  Quotation  — Latin 
Hymn  by  St.  Bernard  of  Clairvaux — Thackeray  and  the 
Stage— Thackeray  at  the  British  Museum— Royal  Arms 
in  Churches,  428— William  Aislabie— J.  Altham  — Sir 
Robert  Atkyns  —  Caister  Life-Boat— '  The  Oera  Linda 
Book '—Abbreviations  in  Writing— Capt.  John  Pigott— 
Gamnecourt  in  Picardy :  Barbara  deCierle — "Goulands" 
in  Ben  Jonson— Francis  Grose  and  Theodosius  Forrest, 
429. 

REPLIES  :— Shakespeare's  Bible,  430  —  Chronological 
Edition  of  Shakespeare— Knighthood  and  Disraeli — 
Plantagenet  Tombs  at  Fontevrault,  431— Capt.  Crosstree : 
Tom  Bowling,  432 — 'The  Parson  and  the  Painter' — 
Archbishop  of  Cologne:  Two  Tracts— " Jehovah "  in 
Affirmations  by  Jews,  433— Mathematical  Periodicals— 
'Pride  and  Prejudice' — Bishop  Wetenhall — English  Wine 
and  Spirit  Glasses— Frederic,  Prince  of  Wales,  434— 
Congdon's  'Plymouth  Telegraph' — "Mendiant,"  French 
Dessert— Lovell  Family,  435— Samuel  Wesley— Herb- 
woman  to  the  King — Bever-leas — Authors  Wanted — 
Ladies  and  University  Degrees,  436— Otford  Register- 
Canons — Godfreys  and  Gordons  at  Westminster  School — 
Deaths  of  Pioneer  Airmen,  437— Saint's  Cloak— Greek 
History— Matthew  Arnold  on  Eloquence— W.  E.  Flaherty 
—Jane  Austen's  Death,  438. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :-'  The  Political  History  of  England  ' 
—Dictionary  of  the  Waverley  Novels— 'The  Edinburgh 
Review.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

OBITUARY  :-Mr.  F.  Howard  Collins-Dr.  J.  F.  Payne. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


ALFIERI    IN    ENGLAND: 
ORIGINAL  OF  HAWSER  TRUNNION. 

ABOUT  three  miles  on  the  Cheshire  side  of 
Warrington — in  a  part  of  the  parish  of 
Appleton  called  Hull,  and  on  the  estate  of 
Mr.  Thomas  Lyon  of  Appleton  Hall — 
stands  a  superior  farm-house,  by  name 
Bellefields,  which  has  had  two  remarkable 
inhabitants. 

Bellefields  was  built  somewhere  about 
1750  by  a  retired  naval  officer,  an  Admiral 
Hoare,  who  was  attracted  to  this  part  of  the 
•country  by  his  friendship  with  Sir  Piers 
Warburton,  Bt.  The  Admiral  is  said  to  be 
the  original  of  Smollett's  humorous  and 
immortal  picture  of  Commodore  Hawser 


Trunnion  in  '  Peregrine  Pickle.'  The  Ad- 
miral was  his  own  architect,  and  took  a 
ship  for  his  model.  He  made  cabins  and 
officers'  and  warrant  officers'  rooms.  The 
grass  plot  before  the  house  was  his  quarter- 
deck, where  his  flag  floated  from  a  masthead- 
All  who  approached  him  when  he  was  on 
this  supposed  naval  ground  were  required 
to  do  it  with  their  hats  off,  and  every  other 
mark  of  duty  and  official  usage  which  an 
admiral  has  a  right  to  expect  on  board  his 
own  ship.  The  twenty-four  hours  were 
divided  into  watches,  and  marked  by  bells  ; 
the  occurrences  of  the  day  were  recorded  in 
a  log-book  ;  and  the  inmates  of  Bellefields 
slept  in  hammocks.  But,  despite  his  pro- 
fessional foibles,  no  warmer-hearted,  kinder, 
or  more  hospitable  gentleman  than  the  real 
Commodore  Trunnion  ever  existed. 

After  the  Admiral's  time,  and  for  a  short 
period  only,  Bellefields  became  the  abode 
of  the  celebrated  Italian  poet  Count  Vittorio 
Alfieri.  In  what  year,  and  for  what  reasons, 
did  the  impetuous  Italian  withdraw  to  this 
then  remote  part  of  the  provinces  ?  Nothing 
appears  to  be  known  of  his  life  at  the  farm 
beyond  the  fact  that  he  loved  to  frequent 
a  fir  hill  near  the  house,  and  to  walk  on  the 
terrace  round  its  base,  to  which  he  gave 
the  name,  by  which  it  still  goes,  of  "  Alfieri's 
walk." 

It  seems  probable  that  Alfieri  retired  to 
Bellefields  in  the  autumn  of  1771,  during  his 
first  visit  to  England,  and  after  the  discovery 
of  his  intrigue  with  the  beautiful  young 
wife  of  Edward,  second  Viscount  Ligonier, 
rendered  it  expedient  and  desirable  for  him 
to  quit  the  metropolis.  In  his  autobiography 
Alfieri  states  :  "I  accompanied  her  [Lady 
Ligonier]  in  a  tour  through  several  of  the 
counties  of  England."  In  1772  he  parted 
from  his  mistress  at  Rochester,  and  returned 
to  Turin.  Lord  Ligonier  divorced  his 
wife,  7  November,  1771,  and  she  married, 
when  Alfieri's  attentions  had  ceased,  ft 
Capt.  Smith.  G.  E.  C.'s  Peerage  stater, 
that  a  beautiful  portrait  of  this  lady  by 
Gainsborough  is  in  the  National  Portrait 
Gallery,  but  it  does  not  figure  in  the  current 
catalogue. 

Bellefields  now  looks  like  a  modern  house, 
but  its  bones  are  just  as  they  were  when  it 
sheltered  the  eccentric  admiral  and  the 
philandering  poet.  The  site  commands 
an  extensive  view  of  the  Mersey  Valley, 
nearty  as  far  as  Manchester  on  the  east,  and 
to  Runcorn  Gap  on  the  west. 

H.  G.  ARCHER. 


422 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  NOV.  26, 1910. 


SHAKESPEARIANA. 

SHAKESPEARE'S  EPITAPH:  "PAGE"  (11 
S.  ii.  163). — The  attribution  of  the  epitaph 
to  Bacon  may  be  right  on  account  of  the 
phrase  "  but  as  a  page  to  the  latter  [book]  " 
occurring  in  the  philosopher's  letter  to  Sir 
Tobie  Matthew.  The  epitaph  should,  how- 
ever, be  regarded  in  its  entirety,  as  the  Eng- 
lish portion  is  preceded  by  the  well-known 
Latin  distich.  In  his  '  Life  of  Shakespeare,' 
p.  277,  Mr.  Sidney  Lee  attributes  the  com- 
position of  this  to  "  a  London  friend."  All 
things  considered,  I  personally  should  prefer 
to  regard  the  epitaph  as  emanating  from 
the  pen  of  Ben  Jonson,  who  would  certainly 
be  familiar  with  the  contents  of  the  '  Ad- 
vancement of.  Learning,'  and,  being  on 
intimate  terms  with  Bacon,  may  have  had 
that  writer's  explanation  of  the  work  from 
his  own  lips.  Furthermore,  the  allusions 
to  Nestor,  Socrates,  and  Virgil,  which  Mr. 
Lee  considers  not  very  apposite,  are  more 
likely  to  have  fallen  from  Jonson,  who  in  the 
'  Poetaster,'  written  in  1601,  introduces 
Shakespeare  in  the  person  of  Virgil,  accord- 
ing to  Gifford,  some  of  the  characterization 
being  appropriate  and  some  inappropriate 
to  the  Latin  poet  ;  see  the  note  on  the 
passage  in  Cunningham's  edition  of  the 
play,  Act  V.  sc.  i. 

Despite  Mr.  Lee's  allegation  that 

All  that  he  hath  writ 
Leaves  living  art  but  page  to  serve  his  wit 

can  "  mean  only  one  thing,"  I  venture  to 
think  it  means  two  :  the  sense  indicated 
by  Mr.  Lee,  and  the  further  one  that  the 
poet's  writings  leave  other  authors  merely 
in  the  condition  of  a  blank  sheet  of  parch- 
ment on  which  those  writings  may  be 
inscribed  :  that  in  fact  it  is  a  pun,  and  a 
very  palpable  one.  N.  W.  HILL. 

'  2  HENRY  IV.,'  IV.  i.  139  (11  S.  ii.  164).— 
I  regret  being  unable  to  concur  in  SIR 
PHILIP  PERRING'S  defence  of  the  reading 
"  and  did  "  in  the  lines, 

And  all  their  prayers  and  love 
Were  set  on  Hereford,  whom  they  doted  on, 
And  bless'd,  and  graced,  and  did  more  than  the 

king, 

which  occurs  in  the  Folios.  Theobald 
adopted  the  emendation  proposed  by 
Thirlby,  "  indeed,"  which  has  found  its 
way  into  the  text  of  some  editions.  Delius 
suggested  "  and  bid  "  ;  and  the  Cambridge 
editors,  with  a  finer  ear  for  English,  pro- 
posed "  and  eyed."  "  Indeed,"  however, 
seems  on  the  whole  to  be  preferred,  since 
Shakespeare  can  hardly  have  written  "  doted 


on,  and  bless'd,  and  graced,  and  eyed," 
using  a  fourth  predicate  in  a  sentence  in 
order  to  produce  an  effect  which  is  better 
obtained  by  three.  N.  W.  HILL. 

'  LOVE'S  LABOUR'S  LOST,'  I.  i.  44-5  : — 

And  when  I  was  wont  to  think  no  harm  all  night, 
And  make  a  dark  night  too  of  half  the  day. 

Furness  (1904)  agrees  with  Theobald,  who 
"  observes  that  there  is  a  Latin  proverb 
which  is  '  very  nigh  to  the  sense s  of  this 
passage  :  Qui  bene  dormit,  nihil  mali  cogitat." 
Halliwell,  however,  believes  that  the  verb 
"  to  sleep  "  is  to  be  understood  after  "  harm." 
The  Arden  (1906)  and  the  First  Folio  Edition 
(1903)  agree  with  Halliwell. 

The  correctness  of  Theobald's  interpreta- 
tion is  strengthened  by  a  passage  found  in 
John  Northbrooke's  '  Treatise  against  Dicing, 
Dancing,  Plays,  and  Interludes '  (Shake- 
speare Society  Publications,  1843,  p.  46)  : — 

"Why,  sir,  by  my  sleepe  I  hurt  no  man,  for 
therein  I  thought  no  evil;  and  therein  I  have  not 
offended,  that  I  nede  to  repent  me  for  it." 

M.  P.  T. 
Ann  Arbor,  Mich. 

'  ALL  's  WELL  THAT  ENDS  WELL,'  I.  L 
114-16:— 

Virtue's  steely  bones 

Look  bleak  i?  the  cold  wind ;  withal,  full  oft  we  see 
Cold  wisdom  waiting  on  superfluous  folly. 

Most  persons,  I  presume,  will  agree  with 
Sydney  Walker  in  thinking  that  the  epithet 
"  cold,"  which  occurs  in  the  last  of  the  above 
lines,  is  corrupt,  as  not  being  a  suitable 
partner  to  stand  vis-d-vis  to  "  superfluous." 
Either  the  copyist  inadvertently  repeated  a 
word  which  he  had  just  set  down  in  the 
preceding  line,  or,  owing  possibly  to  a 
malformation  of  the  letters,  he  mistook  a 
v  for  a  c,  and  wrote  "  cold,"  where  he  should 
have  written  "  void."  I  submit  that  "  void  " 
was  the  poet's  word  :  it  contains  exactly 
the  same  number  of  letters  as  "  cold "  ; 
it  is  used  by  Shakespeare  elsewhere ;  it 
satisfies  the  sense,  the  scansion,  above  all, 
the  antithesis.  For  a  parallel  we  may  refer 
to  the  first  chapter  of  Genesis,  where  we  are 
told  that  "  in  the  beginning  "  the  earth  was 
"  void,"  in  contradistinction  to  the  earth,  as 
it  afterwards  appeared  in  all  its  "  fullness," 
to  use  the  Psalmist's  brief  expression.  And 
this  word  "  void,"  which  is  applied  to  the 
great  cosmos,  may  with  equal  propriety  be 
applied  to  the  individual  man,  who  is  as 
it  were  un  abrege  de  Vunivers.  True  it  is  that 
we  moderns  are  accustomed  to  speak  of  i 
man  as  without  means,  or  poor,  or  destitute, 
or  penniless,  yet  "  void,"  used  in  the  same 
sense,  is  an  excellent  Elizabethan  epithet. 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  26,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


423 


As  for  the  second  line  in  the  above  passage, 
it  has  no  need  of  Pope's  priming-knife  ;  it 
may  be  scanned  as  an  alexandrine,  "  cold  " 
having  a  dissyllabic  value  given  to  it,  as  in 
the  following  examples  : — 

You  speak  it  out  of  fear  and  cold  heart, 

'1  Henry  IV.,' III.  vii., 
and 

Toad  that  under  cold  stone. 

'  Macbeth' . 

H<>  treated,  the  line  from  a  rhythmical  point 
of  view  is  perfect.  PHILIP  PEBBING. 

7,  Lyndlmrst  Road,  Exeter. 

'  ROMEO  AND  JULIET,'  I.  i.  65:  "Draw 
if  you  be  men.  Gregory,  remember  thy 
swashing  [Q.  and  F.  "  washing  "]  blows." 

If  the  Quarto  and  Folio  reading  is  correct, 
Shakspere   had   probably   in   his   mind   the 
peasant  manner  of  washing  clothes  by  beat- 
ing them,  as  commonly  seen  in  Normandy. 
P.  A.  MCELWAINE. 


INSCRIPTIONS    IN   THE    SANDPITS 
CEMETERY,    GIBRALTAR. 

THIS,  like  the  Trafalgar  Cemetery  (see  11  S. 
i.  104,  165),  is  no  longer  used.  It  is  situated 
to  the  south  of  the  Alameda,  and  is  divided 
by  a  footpath  (running  north  and  south 
from  the  entrance  gate)  into  two  unequal 
parts.  The  inscriptions  are  here  arranged 
in  rows  parallel  to  the  above  path,  but  the 
later  rows  are  very  irregular.  Many  tombs 
are  now  without  inscription,  owing  to  the 
perishing  of  the  stone  ;  others  are  only 
partly  legible.  Of  the  latter  it  is  possible 
that  in  some  cases  more  of  the  inscription 
might  be  made  out  by  visits  under  different 
lights.  Want  of  time  caused  some  four 
or  five  inscriptions  in  the  north-east  corner 
to  be  omitted.  Those  which  follow  were 
taken  down  in  March  last. 

RIGHT  OP  FOOTPATH. 

1  •  A  tornb  by  itself,  near  the  gate.  Dna 
Maria  Teresa  de  B(oilisson),  d.24  Oct.,  1855,  a.  83. 

AJsp  Dr.  B(oilisson),  d.  May,   1854.     Both 

natives  of  Toulon.      (In  Spanish.) 

FIRST   ROW. 

-.  Alex.  Shea,  d.  7  Jan.,  18-17,  a.  54.  R.I.P. 
Also  Jane.  wid.  of  John  Williams,  Captain  of  the 
Port,  d.  26  Feb.,  1855,  a.  84. 

3.  Antonia   Quartin,    d.    2    Mar.,    1839,    a.    62. 
Gtoonimo  Quartin,  Esq.,  d.  23  Aug.,  1845,  a.  74. 

4.  Joseph  Thibaudier,  Esq..  Consular  Agent  for 
France,  d.  13  Sept.,  1833,  a.  73. 

5.  Elizabeth,  wid.  of  the  late  Jos.  Thibaudier, 

d.  27  Sept.,  1837,  a.  66. 


6.  Rebecca     Maria     Theresa,     d.     of     Horatio 
Sprague,    Consul    of    the    U.S.A.,    and    Victorina 
Scholastica,  his   w.,   d.   5  Dec.,   1838,  a.   17   yrs. 
9  months. 

7.  Rornain  Auriol,   Esq.,  Surgeon  of  the  Civil 
Hospital,  formerly  surgeon  in  the  British  Army, 
d.  14  May,  1847,  a.  76. 

8.  Julia,    w.    of    Frenscis    (sic)    Leigh,    M.D., 
Surgeon  60th  Reg.,  d.  21  Ap.,  1837. 

9.  Don    Juan    Bta    Zino,    Presbiterio    Vicario 
Apostolico    Jubilado    de    esta    Ciudad,   murio    13. 
Mar.,  1851,  a.  74. 

10.  Franciscus  Cordeiro,  Spanish  secular  priest, 
d.  at  Gib.  5  Feb.,  18(3)1,  a.  53.     (InLatin.) 

11.  A    nearly     illegible     inscription     in     Latin 

i  to  the  Archbishop  of  Eluesis  in  Portugal,  who  d.. 
'  9  Nov.,  1828,  a,  62. 

LEFT  OF  FOOTPATH. 
FIRST  ROW,  BEGINNING  AT  NORTH  END. 

12.  Georgina    Sophia,     w.     of    W.     Percy    P. 

j  Mackesy,  Surgeon  30th  Reg.,  d.  11  Oct.,  1853,  a. 
21.  Adelaide  Georgiana  Fanny,  their  d.,  died 
June,  1853,  a.  1  month. 

13.  Capt.     Thomas    Mostyn,    54th    Regt.,    d- 
23  May,  1846,  a.  31. 

14.  Edward  Wm.  Auriol  Drummond  Hay,  late 
Consul-General  to  the  Emperor  of  Morocco,  b.  at 
-Alnwick,   Northd.,   4   Ap.,   1785  ;    d.   at  Tangier,. 
28  Feb.,  1845.     Erected  by  filial  affection. 

15.  Col.  Price  Jones,  K.  H.,  R.E.,d.  20  Mar.r 
1854,  a.  65. 

16.  Charlotte     Hume,     d.     of     Quartermaster 
Hume,  72nd  Reg.,  d.  6  May,  1847,  a.  8  months. 

17.  Wm.  J.  Campbell,  Esq.,  Lieut.  5th  Fusiliers,, 
d.  13  Jan.,  1843,  a.  23. 

18.  Capt.     Charles    Wood,    5th     Fusiliers,    d.. 
15  Sept.,  1842,  a.  39. 

19.  W.  M.  Firth,  Asst.  Surgeon,     54th  Regt.,. 
d.  7  Mar.,  1856,  a.  27.     Officers  of  his  Regiment 
have   erected   a   tablet   in  the  parish   church   of 
Dorchester. 

SECOND    ROW,    BEGINNING   AT   SOUTH   END- 

20.  Alexander .     (Illegible.) 

21.  Major  Robert  Erskine,  a  native  of  Cavan,. 
Ireland,  served    in  the  4th  Regt.  28  years  and 
fought  in  23  engagements.     He  d.  30  Dec.,  1827 r 
a.  42. 

22.  Capt.  B.  W.  Booth,  U.S.  Navy,  d.  20  July,. 
1828,  a.  37. 

23.  Lieut.   S.   A.   George   Osborne,   94th   Reg., 
d.  26  Sept.,  1828,  a  victim  at  the  age  of  20  to  the 
epidemic  fever  raging  in  this  garrison  during  the- 
autumn  of  the  above  year. 

24.  John  Wallis  Alexander,   Esq.,   Lieut.   94th 
Reg.,  a  victim,  &c.,  8  Oct.,  1828,  a.  26.     Erected: 
by  his  wid.,  Anne  Maria. 

25.  Charles   Steuart,   Esq.,   42nd   Royal   High- 
landers,  2nd  s.   of  Chas.   Steuart,   Esq.,  of  Dal- 
guise,   N.B.,  d.  of  the  malignant  fever,  3   Nov.,. 
1828. 

26.  J.    G.    Eraser,    Asst.    Surgeon,    73rd    Reg.,, 
d.  20  Nov.,   1828,  a.  26,  of  the  epidemic  fever- 
Erected  by  his  parents. 

27.  Chas.    Dudley   Oliver,    Esq.,   Captain   30th 
Reg.,  d.  at  Tangier,  2  Feb.,  1854,  a.  32. 

28.  C.   E.  J.   Palmer,   Ens.,  56th  Reg.,   4th  s.. 
i  of  Lieut.-Col.  R.  Palmer,  R.A.,  d.  19  Oct.,  1850,. 
I  a.  23  yrs.  6  months. 

Calm   on   the    bosom    of  thy   God  |  Fair  spirit 
j  rest   thee   now  |  E'en  while  with  ours  thy  foot- 


424 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  20, 1910. 


steps  trod  |  His  seal  was  on  thy  brow.— Dust  to  its 
narrow    house    beneath  |  Soul    to    its    place    on 
high  |  They  that  have    seen  thy  look  in  death  | 
Xo  more  may  fear  to  die.     Erected  by  his  brother 
officers. 

29.  C.  O.  C.  Higgins,  late  Bt.-Major,  56th  Regt., 
d.  2  Oct.,  1848,  a.  57. 

30.  Frances  Amelia,   w.   of  Major  T.   Budgen, 
R.E.,  d.  3  Dec.,  1848,  a.  34.     Mary  Elizabeth,  d. 
of  the  above,  died  5  Dec.,  1850,  a.  2  yrs. 

31.  Lieut.-Col.  P.  S.  Norman,  d.  13  Mar.  1849, 
after  44  yrs.  in  the  56th  Reg. 

32.  Lieut.  W.  R.  Cazalet,    82nd    Reg.,  eldest 
s.   of  the   Rev.   James   Cazalet,   late  of  Halsted 
Place,  Kent,  d.  27  Sept.,  1838,  a.  21. 

33.  Joseph    Stoodly,    Lieut,    and    Adjt.    82nd 
Regt.,  born   at  Crewkerne,  Somerset,  d.  13   Oct., 
1839,  a.  48. 

33a.  Thomas  Ludford  Stewart,  82nd  Regt.,  d. 
23  Nov.,  1827,  a.  23,  only  s.of  Wm.  Stewart,  Esq., 
of  See  Park,  Antrim,  Ireland. 

34.  Peter  Frederik  Buchwald,  Lieut.  R.  Danish 
Navy,  b.  30  Jan.,  1816  ;    d.  19  Aug.,  1844,  during 
the  stay  of  H.D.M.  Frigate  Thetis. 

35.  Henry  A.  R.  Fitzgerald,  Lieut.  R.A.,  s.  of 
Col.   E.   T.   and   Emma  Fitzgerald,   of   Turlough 
Park,  Mayo,  d.  11  Feb.,  1845,  a.  20. 

TH1KD    ROW,    BEGINNING    AT   NORTH   END. 

36.  Richard    Hawkins    Carlyon,    Lieut.    R.A., 
b.  12  Oct.,  1825  ;    d.  27  Ap.,  1845. 

37.  Elizabeth,  w.  of  Robert  Woodward,  d.  of 
W.  Harley,  of  Chigwell,  Essex,  d.  28  Aug.,  1825, 

.a.  41. 

38.  Mary     Anne,     w.     of     Quartermaster     J. 

•  Swaine,  56th  Regt.,  d.  24  Ap.,  1848,  a.  39. 

39.  E.    H.    Scrymgour,    w.    of   Lieut.    William 
;Scrymgour,  R,  N,  R,  A,  T  (sic),  d.  10  June,  1832, 

a.  32. 

40.  Clara    Graeham    Scrymgour,    d.    of    Lieut, 
.and    E.    H.    Scrymgour,    b.    May    4,    d.    June    7. 
Also  Florence  — rington  (illegible). 

41.  Caroline    Bethune,  a.    10    yrs.,    d.  of    Col. 
Longworth  Dames,  37th  Reg.,  d.  at  sea  off  Lisbon, 
9  Oct.,  1854. 

42.  Sir  J.    E.  Campbell,  Bart.,  of  Auchinbrech, 
Kildalloig,  Argyleshire,  d.  9  Dec.,  1853,  a.  44. 

43.  Ann  Power,   d.   of  Barry  Power,   Esq.,  of 
Waterford,  d.  11  Jan.,  1842,  a.  68.     Thos.  Henry 
Power,  Esq.,  Russian  Consul,  d.  22  Aug.,   1852, 

.a.     78.     Louis    Thomas    Power,     Esq.,     Russian 
Consul,  d.  11  Nov.,  1890,  a.  72.     Carlota,  his  w., 

•  d.  4  Nov.,   1880,  a.  56.     Their  s.,  Louis  Manuel 
Oelrich  Power,  Esq.,  Russian  Consul,  d.  21  Mar., 
1903,  a.  55. 

44.  Gilbert  Wall  Acelane,  s.  of  Lieut.   Gilbert 
J.   L.   Buchanan,   R.A.,   d.   26   Ap.,    1839,   a.    13 
months. 

45.  Elizabeth     Prichard,     sister     of      Edward 
Prichard,     Esq.,     Registrar     of     H.M.     Supreme 
Court,  d.  30  Aug.,  1840,  a.  63. 

46.  Alexander    Porter    Darragh,    Purser    U.S. 
Ship  Boston,  b.  1789  ;    d.  at  sea,  9  Jan.,  1831. 

47.  (John?)   Carisbrook,   s.   of   Francis   (?),   d. 
Dec.  (1831). 

48.  John  ,  M.D.,  Inspector  of  Hospitals,  d. 

3.  Nov.,  1828,  of  epidemic  fever,  a.  (50). 

49.  s.  of  James  and  Mary  (James).     (Most 

of  inscription  gone.) 

50.  Wm.  Oxborough,  late  Provost  Marshal,  d. 
12  Nov.,  1849,  a.  70. 

51.  Robinson,    s.    of    Capt.    Robinson    Sadleir, 
4th  Regt.,  d.  3  Sept.,  1829,  a.  8  months. 


52.  Wilhelmina    Harriet,    d.    of    Win.    Smith 
Lukin,  Esq.,  Paymaster  94th  Reg.,  d.  24  Feb., 
1827,  a.  3  yrs. 

FOURTH  ROW,  BEGINNING  AT  SOUTH  END. 

53.  Edmund    Crawley,    3rd    s.    of    Lieut.-Col. 
John  and  Elizabeth  Marshall,  b.  24  Ap.,  d.  30  Oct., 
1829. 

54.  L.  E.,  d.  6  Nov.,  1824,  a.  18  days. 

55.  Mary  Warrell,  d.  1842. 

56.  Paymaster     Wm.       Iveson,       46th      Reg., 
d.  2  Oct.,  1841,  a.  51.     Ens.  George  Selsey  Big- 
land,  after  the  regiment  had  embarked  for  the 
W.  Indies,  killed  by  a  fall  down  the  hatchway  of 
the  transport  Java,  23  Jan.,  1842,  a.  19. 

57.  Ens.      Henry     Frederick     Sullivan,      46th 
Reg.,  d.  31  Mar.,  1840,  a.  18,  from  a  fall  from  his 
horse. 

58.  Ens.  Oswald  Kingwerge,  12th  Reg.,  a  victim 
to  the  epidemic  fever,  16  Nov.,  1828,  a.  23. 

59.  Lieut.  Henry  Gordon  Forssteen,  12th  R.v. 
a  victim,  &c.,  27  Nov.,  1828,  a.  21. 

60.  The  Rev.  Godfrey  Kingsford,  b.  27  Mar., 
1819  ;    d.  12  Mar.,  1852. 

61.  Catherine,  w.  of  the  Rev.  Godfrey  Kingsford, 
d.  21  Sept.,  1846,  a.  28. 

62.  Jane,  relict  of  George  Fraser,   Esq.,  Pay- 
master   9th    Reg.,  d.  3  Jan.,  1824.     Erected  by 
her  children. 

63.  Capt.  John  Cowper,  59th  Reg.,  d.  2  Nov., 
1835,  a.  19  (sic). 

64.  Ens.   Chas.   Cowley,  59th  Reg.,   d.    1   Oct., 
1835,  a.  20. 

65.  Lieut.-Col.  Deedes,  34th  Reg.,   d.  on  board 
H.M.S.  Bellerophon,  26  Mar.,  1848,  a.  48. 

66.  Sir  William  Macgregor,  Bart.,   Capt.   92nd 
Highlanders,  d.  29  Mar.,  1846,  a.  29.     He  lost  his 
health  in  the   Chinese   Expedition,   while  in  the 
18th  Royal  Irish  Regiment. 

67.  Emma,    w.    of    Charles    Markham.    Major 
60th  Rifles,  d.  14  Oct.,  1836. 

68.  Frances   Ann   Fraser,   3rd   d.    of   the   K»-v. 
Wm.  Fraser,  Rector  of  North  Waltham,  Hant.-. 
d.  16  Sept.,  1853,  a.  17. 

FIFTH   ROW,    BEGINNING    NORTH    END. 

69.  James  Duff,  Kt.,  50  years  Consul  at  Cadiz, 
b.  in  Scotland,  12  Jan.,  1734  ;   d.  20  Nov.,  1815,  at 
Cadiz.     Placed    by    his    nepos    and    heir,    Wm. 
Duff  Gordon.     (A  long  Latin  inscription.) 

70.  Joseph     Larcom,     many     years     resident 
Naval  Commander  at  Malta,   d.    17   Feb.,   1818, 
a.  54. 

71.  Catherine      Maria      and      James      William 
Adamson.     The  former  d.  at  Gib.,  20  June,  1844,  ; 
a.  5  months  ;    the  latter  d.  in  Dublin,  24  July, 
1844,    a.    2    yrs.    5    months,    children   of   Joseph  i 
Samuel  Adamson,  Capt.  38th  Reg.,  and  France? 
his  w. 

72.  Johanna   Caroline   McKenzie,    d.    14   Feb., 
1817,  a.  11  months. 

73.  Thomas    Ross,   s.    of   the   late    Staff   Asst 
Surgeon  Thos.  Rolston  and  Susannah  Sarah  h 
wid.,  d.  11  Jan.,  1827,  a.  7  months. 

74.  John    Wilson,     Esq.,     late     quartermaste 
70th  Surrey  Reg.,  d.  8  Dec.,  1834,  a.  50.     Erecte 
by  his  wid.  Eleanor. 

75.  James    Dillon,    s.    of    William    and 
Davis 


avis,  d.  24  Sept.,  1829,  a.  1  yr.  8  months. 
76.  Mary    Ann,    w.    of    William    Davis,    C 
erk  in  H.M.  Naval  Victualling  Yard,  d.  7 


Clerk 
1823,  a.  20. 


ii  s.  11.  NOV.  26,  IMG.]      NOTES  AND   QUERIES. 


77.  Jacob  George  Mountain,  Lieut,   and  Adjt. 
Cameroiiians,    2nd    s.    of    the    Lord    Bishop    of 
Montreal,  d.  17  June,  1850.  a.  24. 

78.  Henry     George     Williams,     Lieut.      R.N., 
2nd  s.   of  John   Williams,   Surgeon   B.N.,   d.   21 
Feb.,  1846,  a.  26. 

79.  Frederick,  3rd  surviving  s.  of  William  and 
Maria     Hulton,     of     Hulton      Park,      Lancaster, 
Kns.  48th  Keg.,    b.  26  Jan.,  1820  ;    d.    18  Sept., 
1839. 

80.  Thomas    James  Dundas,  Ens.   48th    Reg., 
oldest  s.  of  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  Thos.  L.  Dundas, 
Hector  of  Harpole,  Northants,  d.  18  Dec.,  1838, 
a.  20. 

81.  Harry  Vandeleur   Cole,   2nd   s.   of   Robert 
Cole,   Esq.,   Capt.    48th    Reg.,   d.   9   Feb.,    1841, 
a.  7. 

82.  John  Pitt,  b.   18  Aug.,  d.   13   Dec.,   1827. 
Charlotte,  b.  22  Jan.,  d.  9  Mar.,  1829.     William, 
1).  7  Sept.,  1831,  d.  26  June,  1832.     All  children 
of  Capt.  T.  H.  Fenwick,  R.E.,  and  Marianne  his 
\v. 

83.  Elouiza  Barnetti,  d.  12  July,  1854. 

84.  William  Henry,  s.  of  Quartermaster  Sidley, 
I!.  Welsh  Fusiliers,  d".  24  July,  1825,  a.  2  months. 

85.  -    -  Moore,  d.  1828,  a.  7,  and Moore, 

d.  12  June,  1828.      (Rest  gone.) 

86.  John  Pitt. 

G.  S.  PARRY,  Lieut. -Col. 

( To  be  concluded. ) 

Is  not  the  inscription  No.  38  in  the  King's 
Chapel,  Gibraltar  (see  ante,  pp.  342,  344), 
meant  to  be  read  "  30  Dues  al  de  na  sa  dla 
ME  dos  "  ?  The  sculptor,  being  pressed  for 
space  at  the  bottom  of  the  stone,  ran  the 
word  "  de "  into  the  contraction  "  na," 
making  "  dena  "  ("  de  nuestra  "). 

I  do  not  think,  necessarily,  that  any 
words  have  been  omitted,  such  as  "  XI. 
aniversarios."  The  phrase  (unabbreviated), 
"  Dexo  su  Sefioria  30  Ducados  de  renta 
a  cste  convento  por  XI.  aniversarios  y  por 
•'>"  Ducados  al  de  nuestra  senora  [not 
"  santa  "]  de  la  Madre  de  Dios,"  would  be 
freely  translated  thus  :  "  Her  Ladyship  left 
30  ducats  annuity  to  this  convent  for  eleven 
y<-ars  (or  anniversaries),  and  thirty  ducats 
(lump  sum)  to  that  of  Our  Lady  (of)  the 
of  God." 

E.  HAVILAND  HILLMAN. 
27,  Campo  S.  Samuele,  Venice. 


HENRIETTA. — In  the  review 
<>f  tlio  first  volume  of  Mr.  Monypenny's 
'Life  of  Benjamin  Disraeli'  it  is  said 
(ante,  p.  399)  :  — 

' '  Henrietta '  alone,  the  heroine  of  '  Henrietta 
Temple,'  seems  to  have  been  near  turning  him  from 
the  course  of  his  ambition.  Helping  us  as  a  rule 
by  his  annotations,  Mr.  Monypenny  gives  us  no 
clue  to  the  family  of  the  lady.  At  this  distance  of 
time  there  can  surely  be  no  harm  in  the  revelation. 
Was  she  not  a  daughter  of  the  fifth  Earl  of  Berkeley 
aiuT  Mary  Cole?" 


Surely  not.  She  was  Henrietta  Villebois, 
married  in  1821  to  Sir  Francis  William 
Sykes  of  Basildon,  and  died  in  1846. 

J.    TULKINGHORN, 
Lincoln's  Inn  Fields. 

SIR  HENRY  WOTTON  ON  AMBASSADORS. — 
In  reference  to  Sir  Henry  Wotton's  definition 
of  an  ambassador,  "  Legatus  est  vir  bonus 
peregre  missus  ad  mentiendum  Reipublicae 
causa,"  and  King  James's  displeasure  caused 
by  the  ensuing  attack  of  Scioppius  on  the 
King,  the  '  D.N.B.'  (reissue,  vol.  xxi.  p.  968> 
states  that,  in  addition  to  writing  a  personal 
apology  to  James,  Wotton  attacked  Scioppius 
in  a  letter  dated  from  London,  1612,  inscribed 
to  the  latter' s  patron  Marcus  Walser  (or 
Welser),  a  burgomaster  of  Augsburg,  and 
said  to  have  been  published  then,  although 
now  only  accessible  in  the  '  Reliquiae  Wotton- 
ianae.' 

It  may  interest  the  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
to  know  that  I  have  come  across  what  appears 
to  be  a  copy  of  the  publication  in  a  volume 
of  the  Spencer  tracts  in  the  John  Rylands 
Library,  Manchester. 

The  copy  consists  of  four   quarto  leaves 

without    pagination   or   register.     The    title 

runs  as  follows  :    '  Ad  Illustrissimum  Virum 

|  Marcvm  Velservm  j  Duumvirum  Augustas 

|  Vindeliciaa  |   Henrici  Wottonij    |   Epistola.' 

The  verso   is  blank.      The  text  of  the  letter 

follows   on  the  remaining  leaves,   and   ends 

towards  the  bottom  of  the  verso  of  leaf  4 

with  the   date  :     "  Londino.   Nonis  Decem- 

bribus     Julianis.     Anno     vnici     Mediatoris 

nostri    cHo  IQ  CXII."       There    is    neither 

imprint  nor  colophon,  but  the  type  is  similar 

to  that  in  common  use  in  London  at  the 

period.  S.  O.  MOFFET. 

Kendal. 

SIR  WALTER  SCOTT  ON  A  "  KELSO  CON- 
VOY." (See  1  S.  iv.  176.)— Sir  Walter  Scott 
('  Antiquary,'  chap,  xxx.)  defines  this  as 
"  a  step  and  a  half  ower  the  doorstane  "  ; 
while  Jamieson  in  his  '  Scottish  Dictionary  *" 
says  that  the  term  is  "  explained  by  others 
as  signifying  that  one  goes  as  far  as  the 
friend  whom  he  accompanied  has  to  go,, 
although  to  his  own  door." 

The  Rev.  Dr.  M'Culloch,  however,  when 
describing  Kelso  parish  in  the  '  New  Sta- 
tistical Account  of  Scotland  '  in  1838,  calls 
Scott  to  account  for  his  statement,  and 
says  that 

" '  a  Kelso  convoy '  is  not  a  shabby  dismissal  of  a 
guest  after  attending  him  only  to  your  door.  The 
old  Kelsonians  did  indeed  finish  the  '  convoy '  by 
parting  with  their  guest  on  the  threshold  ;  but  thei> 
this  parting  did  not  take  place  until  they  had  first 


426 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  11.  NOV.  26, 1910. 


hospitably  convoyed  him  to  his  door,  and  been,  in 
return  for  the  compliment,  reconvoyed  by  the  latter 
to  their  own." 

G.  WATSOX. 

ARMS  OF  THE  ARCHBISHOPS  OF  YORK. — 
J  have  lately  had  occasion  to  refer  to  the 
'  English  Church  Pageant  Handbook,'  where- 
in I  find  a  paragraph  at  p.  62  explanatory 
of  the  Pageant  Poster.  It  is  stated  that  at 
the  stern  of  the  ship  representing  the 
Church 

*'is  the  banner  of  the  archdiocese  of  York,  having 
on  its  red  field  the  golden  keys  of  St.  Peter  (in 
whose  honour  the  minster  church  is  dedicated)  sur- 
mounted by  a  crown  of  gold.  These  arms  have 
been  appropriated  to  the  see  since  the  time  of 
Robert  VValdby,  archbishop  in  1397." 

In  The  Windsor  Magazine  for  October  last 
is  an  article  '  England's  Story  in  Portrait  and 
Picture,'  relating  to  the  reign  of  Edward  I., 
and  there  is  given,  "  from  an  early  illu- 
minated MS.,"  an  illustration  of  a  meeting 
of  Parliament  in  which  the  Archbishop  of 
York  sits  under  a  shield  on  which  the  cross 
keys  are  already  blazoned,  although  they 
are  as  yet  uncrowned.  The  exact  date  of  this 
delineation  is  not  given.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

TRAHERNE  :  CURIOUS  RIMES  TO  "  JOY." 
— In  Traherne's  '  Poems  of  Felicity,'  recently 
published  by  the  Clarendon  Press,  I  notice 
some  curious  false  rimes  to  the  word  "  joy." 
Occurring  as  they  do  pretty  frequently,  they 
can  scarcely  be  due  to  carelessness,  and 
indeed  it  is  clear  from  the  many  corrections 
noted  in  this  edition  that,  whatever  Tra- 
herne's failings  as  a  poet  may  have  been, 
carelessness  was  not  one  of  them. 

The  rimes  I  refer  to  are  the  following  :  in 
'The  Author  to  the  Critical  Peruser'  "  enjoy ?? 
is  coupled  with  "  way  "  ;  on  p.  19,  and 
again  on  p.  39,  "  joy  "  is  made  to  rime  with 
"convey";  on  p.  81  "joy,"  "display," 
and  "  way  "  are  used  as  rimes  ;  on  p.  93 
"convey,"  "joy,"  and  "way"  ;  on  p.  94 
"lay"  and  "joy";  and  on  pp.  99-100 
"  enjoy  "  and  "  convey."  Does  this  point 
to  some  defect  of  ear  peculiar  to  Traherne, 
or  to  some  dialectal  peculiarity  ?  I  do  not 
remember  to  have  met  with  these  rimes 
in  any  other  poet,  and  Traherne,  I  think, 
never  so  misrimes  any  word  that  does 
actually  rime  with  "  joy."  I  should  add 
that  he  frequently  rimes  "  joy "  itself 
correctly.  C.  C.  B. 

"  BAEL  "  :  "  BHEL  "  :  "  BEL."— None  of 
these  occurs  in  the  '  N.E.D.'  How  is  this  ? 
Bael -fruit  (the  fruit  of  the  dEgle  Marmelos) 
has  been  known  in  this  countrv,  and  used  in 


nedicine  and  for  other  purposes,  for  fifty 
^Tears  or  more,  and  was  at  one  time  included 
n  the  '  British  Pharmacopoeia.'  Both  the 
Imperial '  and  the  '  Century  '  Dictionaries 
lave  it.  The  proper  form  of  the  name  is 
said  to  be  "  bel."  C.  C.  B. 

"  CORBIE-STEPS  "  :  "  CORBEL-STEPS." — It 
seems  worth  recording  here  that  on  2  March, 
1529,  James  V.  granted  to  Hugh,  Lord 
Fraser  of  Lovat,  certain  lands,  incorporating 
them  into  the  free  barony  of  Arcles, 

cum  facultate  edificandi  castrum,  turrim  et 
fortalicium  infra  dictas  terras  ubicunque  placeret, 
cum  januis  ferreis,  propugnaculis,  le  corbtlvalt/e, 
carcere,"  &c.— Keg.  Mag.  Sig.  Scot,  (1883),  163. 

On  3  March,  1534,  the  King  granted  to 
William  Hamilton  of  Sanquhar  and  Katherine 
bis  wife  (inter  alia)  the  right  of  building  on 
certain  lands  feued  to  them  by  the  abbot  of 
Melrose 

castra,  turres  et  fortalicia  plura  aut  unum,  cum 
januis  ferreis,  le  baUellmg,  corbalsailye,  barmk/jinti*, 
et  carceribus,  cum  potestate  janitores,  vigiles,  le 
javellourix  et  omnes  alias  officiarios  faciendi." 

Ibid  ,  301. 

What  bearing  these  quotations  have  on 
the  treatment  of  the  words  in  the  'N.E.D.' 
I  must  leave  others  to  decide. 

On  seeing  the  proof,  I  begin  to  wonder 
whether  the  word  is  "  corbel-sally  "?:  in 
any  case,  the  word  is  not  in  '  N.E.D.,'  and 
its  meaning  is  by  no  means  clear.  Some 
of  your  readers  are  no  doubt  skilled  in 
Scottish  architecture,  and  can  define  it. 

Q.  V. 

"  SCALTHEEN  "  :      AX    IRISH    DRINK. — For 

the  above,  either  overlooked  or  rejected  for 
the  '  N.E.D.,'  see  Chambers's  '  Book  of 
Days,'  28  April,  under  '  Impious  Clubs ' 
(i.  559)  :— 

"  In  Ireland,  before  the  days  of  Father  Mathew, 
there   used   to   be   a   favourite   beverage   terme' 
scalilieen,  made  by  brewing  whisky  and  butt* 
together.     Few  could  concoct  it  properly . . . .  S 
being   the   case,   a   good   scaltheen-maker  was 
man  of  considerable  repute  and  request  in  tl 
district  he  inhabited." 

H.   P.  I*i 

"  SURMASTER."— '  The  Encyclopedic  Dic- 
tionary '  derives  this  word  from  Low  Latn 
submaster,    an   undermaster,    and    instance! 
"  surrogate  "   in  support.     The  better  et} 
mology    would    seem    to    be    from    super 
master,  a  master,  as  in  St.  Paul's  School,  Lon 
don,  who  is  above  the  other  masters,  t 
subordinate    to    the  head  master  ;    compan 
"  surintendent  "  and  "  sirloin  "  (surloin) 

N.  W.  HILL. 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  26,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


427 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
bo  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


ROUSSEAU  AND  DAVENPORT.  — Can    any 
reader  of   '  N.    &   Q.'   give  me  information 
about    a    letter    from    J.    J.    Rousseau    to 
Davenport,  dated  Douvres,   18  Mai,   1767  ? 
It  was  recently  sold  by  Maggs  Brothers. 
Louis  J.  COURTOIS, 
Hon.  Sec.  J.  J.  Rousseau  Society. 
Geneva,  19,  Bd  des  Philosophes. 

GUICHABD  D' ANGLE. — Ffoissart,  edited 
by  Baron  Kervyn  (xvii.  392),  says  that 
Guichard  d' Angle,  Knight,  was  created  in 
1377  Earl  of  Huntingdon.  The  '  Dictionary 
of  National  Biography '  (xxvii.  147)  says 
that  the  Earl  of  Huntingdon,  from  1352  to 
1400,  was  John  Holland,  Duke  of  Exeter. 
I  suppose  Froissart  made  a  mistake,  but 
what  title  was  given  to  the  governor  of 
Richard  II.  ?  The  '  Dictionary  of  National 
Biography  '  does  not  make  mention  of  him. 
EDME  DE  LATJBME. 

JOHN  JOEL  OB  JOUEL  OB  JUIEL,  1364. — 
The  '  Dictionary  of  National  Biography ' 
does  not  make  mention  of  John  Joel,  an 
English  captain  taken  in  the  battle  of 
Cocherel,  and  executed  in  Rouen  (1364). 
Is  he  known  ?  I  shall  be  glad  of  some  infor- 
mation about  this  personage. 

EDME  DE  LAURME. 

Soignies,  Belgium. 

HON.  MBS.  CALVEBT. — The  Hon.  Mrs. 
Calvert  of  Hunsdon  House,  Herts,  attended 
the  Drawing-Room  on  27  February,  1818, 
and  relates  : — 

"I  really  should  have  been  squeezed  to  a  mummy 
but  for  a  very  civil  man  who  protected  me  to  the 
best  of  his  abilities.  I  did  not  know  him.  He  had 
large  moustaches,  with  '  Niagara '  and  other  words 
on  his  helmet." 

Will  some  correspondent  kindly  help  me  in 
identifying  this  man  ?  JOHN  LANE. 

SMITHS  OF  PABNDON,  HEBTFOBDSHIBE. — 
Will  any  reader  give  me  information  regard- 
ing this  family,  or  refer  me  to  a  pedigree  ? 
One  of  the  family  married  Mr.  W.  E. 
Nightingale  of  Embley  Park,  Hants,  and 
became  the  mother  of  Miss  Florence  Night- 
ingale and  Lady  Verney.  JOHN  LANE. 
.  Vi.^o  Street,  VV. 


'  LETTEBS  BY  AN  AMERICAN  SPY.' — What  is 
known  of  this  book,  which  does  not  appear 
in  Halkett  and  Laing,  or  in  Gushing,  or  in  the 
British  Museum  Catalogue  ? 

"  Letters  |  written  in  London  |  by  an  |  American 
spy.  |  From  the  Year  1764  to  the  Year  1785.  | 
[Quotation  from  Sallust.]  |  London:  |  Printed  for 
the  Editor ;  arid  sold  by  S.  Crowder,  and  I  J.  Bew, 
Paternoster  -  row ;  and  H.  Gardner,  Strand.  | 
MDOCLXXXVI."— 7|  in.  by  4|in.,  a,  b,  B-B6=pp.  xxiv 
+167+[1J.  Title.  Pp.  iii,  iv,  Dedication  by  the 
editor  to  Brian  Edwards,  Esq.,  dated  Chichester, 
March  1,  1786.  Pp.  v-vii,  Preface.  Pp.  ix-xxi, 
Contents.  Pp.  1-167,  Letters  i-xxxvi. 
Among  the  persons  to  whom  letters  are 
addressed  are  William  Crawford,  Penn- 
sylvania ;  Amos  "Letchworth,  Preacher  at 
Philadelphia  ;  Sir  William  Johnson  ;  Jethro 
Marshall,  a  Jew  at  Philadelphia  ;  Benedict 
Ramsden,  New  York ;  Elias  Allen,  New 
York  ;  and  David  Hume. 

P.  J.  ANDEBSON. 

EABLY  GBADUATION  :  GILBEBT  BUBNET, 
JOHN  BALFOUB. — It  has  been  usual  to  speak 
of  Bishop  Gilbert  Burnet  as  holding  a  record 
in  the  matter  of  early  graduation.  The  date 
of  his  birth  was  18  September,  1643  ;  of  his 
M.A.  (Marischal  College  and  University, 
Aberdeen)  23  June,  1657. 

But  a  more  extreme  instance  was  John 
Balfour,  son  of  the  Rev.  George  Balfour, 
minister  of  Tarbat,  who  joined  the  H.E.I.C.S. 
(Bengal)  in  1797  and  died  1819.  The  date 
of  his  birth  was  30  September,  1775  ; 
of  his  M.A.  (University  and  King's  College, 
Aberdeen)  28  March,  1789. 

Can  that  record  be  broken  ? 

P.  J.  ANDEBSON. 

Aberdeen  University  Library. 

A.  W.  WBAY'S  POEM   '  INTEBPBETED.'- 
Can  any  of  your  readers  supply  the  date, 
and  place  of  appearance,  of  a  poem  entitled 
'  Interpreted,'  by  A.  W.  Wray  ?     One  part 
,^<-,c,    ,..,ii,,.i     '  TVta,    niri    rir\rla '  •     appeared 

J.  V. 


was    called    'The    Old    Gods 
probably  about  1892. 


MILTON'S  FATHEB'S  SIONATUBE  :  DB. 
HYDE  CLABKE. — I  have  a  deed  of  assignment 
re  goods  and  chattels  in  a  messuage  in  St. 
John's  Street,  Clerkenwell,  John  Williams 
of  London,  gent.,  to  Richard  Shelley  of 
Itchingfield,  gent.,  dated  12  May,  1607, 
and  bearing  the  signature,  as  witness,  of 
"  Jo:  Milton :  scr."  I  think  there  can  be 
little  doubt  that  this  is  an  autograph  of  the 
poet's  father,  but  should  like  to  know,  for 
purposes  of  comparison,  if  any  proved 
signatures  of  John  Milton  sen.  are  extant. 

The  subject  of  Milton's  father  and  his 
connexion  with  the  Scrivener's  Company 


428 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


s.  n.  NOV.  26,  mo. 


came  up  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  through  Dr.  Hyde 
Clarke,  some  series  back ;  but,  though 
specifically  asked  for,  no  information  as  to  the 
existence  of  a  signature  was  forthcoming. 
I  should  like  to  know,  if  possible,  what, 
after  Hyde  Clarke's  death,  became  of  the 
results  of  his  researches  into  the  Milton 
family.  The  Richard  Shelley  of  the  deed 
(the  non-signatory  party)  is,  curiously 
enough,  a  lineal  ancestor  of  the  poet  Shelley. 
PERCEVAL  LUCAS. 

BOCCACCIO  QUOTATION.  —  The  saying, 
"  This  is  the  land  of  mendacity  where 
paper-money  reigns,"  is  ascribed  to  Boc- 
caccio. Where  is  it  to  be  found  in  his  works  ? 

CAM. 

LATIN  HYMN  BY  ST.  BERNARD  or  CLAIR- 
VAUX. — Part  of  a  Latin  hymn  by  this  saint 
runs : — 

Quum  me  iubes  emigrare 
lesu  care,  tune  appare, 
O  Amator  amplectende, 
Temet  ipsum  tune  ostende 
In  cruce  salutifera. 

I  seek  a  verse-translation  of  these  lines, 
which  have  probably  been  rendered  by  some- 
body. HIPPOCLIDES. 

THACKERAY  AND  THE  STAGE. — Did  Thacke- 
ray ever  attempt  to  write  for  the  stage 
after  '  Lovel  the  Widower  '  failed  to  get  a 
hearing  ?  Or  before  ?  Any  particulars  con- 
cerning Thackeray's  connexion  with  the 
stage,  directly  or  indirectly,  will  be  greatly 
appreciated.  S.  J.  A.  F. 

THACKERAY  AT  THE  BRITISH  MUSEUM.— 
I  remember  reading  some  years  ago  that 
Thackeray  said,  or  wrote,  to  the  effect  that 
when  he  took  his  seat  at  a  desk  in  the  British 
Museum  Reading-Room,  he  felt  "  monarch  of 
all  he  surveyed  "  as  far  as  the  four  feet  of 
desk  in  front  of  him  was  concerned.  Can 
any  reader  kindly  refer  me  to  the  passage 
in  his  letters  or  works  ?  A.  RHODES. 

ROYAL  ARMS  IN  CHURCHES. — Can  any 
of  your  readers  tell  me  at  what  date  and  by 
what  authority  the  royal  arms  were  firs*t 
erected  in  parish  churches  ? 

Is  there  any  instance  of  their  existence 
in  a  pre-Reformation  church  ? 

It  has  been  exceedingly  difficult  to  obtain 
any  trustworthy  information  on  this  subject, 
but  perhaps  some  one  of  your  correspondents 
may  be  able  to  enlighten  me. 

RURAL  DEAN. 


ROYAL  ARMS  IN  CHURCHES. — Having  just 
discovered  and  brought  to  light  in  the  old 
parish  church  of  Llandebie,  Carmarthen- 
shire, a  fine  casting  of  the  royal  coat  of 
arms  (King  George  III.),  1814-20,  which 
has,  for  many  years,  been  completely  lost 
sight  of,  I  would  ask  if  some  correspondent 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  can  inform  me  when,  and 
under  what  conditions,  any  edict  or  eccle- 
siastical order  may  have  been  promulgated 
insisting  upon,  or  permitting,  the  setting-up  of 
the  royal  coat  of  arms  in  the  parish  churches 
of  Great  Britain,  and  particularly  of  Wales. 
In  many  churches  these  royal  coats  of  arms 
are  to  be  seen  to  this  day.  In  the  Early 
Victorian  period  they  seem  to  have  been 
almost  universal,  and  moreover  nearly 
always  associated  with  the  setting-up  of  the 
tables  of  the  Lord's  Prayer  and  of  the  Ten 
Commandments,  in  close  proximity  to  the 
Communion  table.  At  the  present  time 
these  old  tables  and  royal  coats  of  arms  are 
in  many  churches  put  in  some  out-of-the- 
way  place  in  the  church — in  the  base  of  the 
tower,  or  in  some  little-used  loft  or  gallery. 
ALAN  STEPNEY-GULSTON. 
Derwydd,  Llandebie. 

ROYAL  ARMS  IN  CHURCHES. — At  a  recent 
visit  to  Norton  Church,  near  Evesham,  I 
observed  the  royal  arms  hanging  over  the 
tower  arch,  on  the  west  wall,  and  bearing 
the  letters  "  G.  R.  III."  The  query,  What 
is  the  origin  of  this  common  practice  ? 
was  asked  so  long  ago  as  1852  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 
(1  S.  v.  559),  and  I  am  disposed,  in  the 
light  of  the  above  fact,  to  repeat  it.  The 
replies  to  the  original  question  were  varied 
in  character  :  some  instancing  cases  (as  in 
Bristol  Cathedral,  East  Window,  Edward  II.  ; 
Milverton,  Somerset,  Henry  VIII. ,  &c.) 
where  the  royal  arms  are  in  glass,  others  as 
"  carved  "  (presumably  in  stone),  others  as 
"  painted  "  (on  wood,  as  in  Norton  Church). 
These  touch  rather  their  materials  than  their 
raison  d'etre,  which  is  also  variously  ex- 
plained, some  attributing  them  to  the  Act 
of  Uniformity  and  that  of  "  Restoring  to 
the  Crown  the  Ancient  Jurisdiction  over  the 
State  Ecclesiastical  and  Spiritual  "  (1559), 
in  which  some  clause  provided  for  their 
erection  in  all  churches  ;  others,  like 
Noake,  the  historian  of  Worcestershire,  to  a 
supplanting  by  them  of  roodscreens,  "  to 
denote  the  change  which  had  taken  place 
from  an  ecclesiastical  to  a  regal  supremacy.' 

Another    contributor,    regardless    of    pre- 
ceding replies,  asked  (1  S.  ix.  327)  :— 

"Are  churchwardens  compelled  to  place  them 
over  the  chancel  arch,  or  in  any  part  of  the  build 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  26,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


429 


over  which  their  jurisdiction  extends  ?  In  a  church 
without  an  heraldic  coat  of  royal  arms,  can  a 
churchwarden,  or  the  incumbent,  refuse  legally  to 
put  up  such  a  decoration,  it  being  the  gift  of  a 
parishioner?" 

The  only  light  then  thrown  upon  the 
matter  was  supplied  by  a  quotation  from  the 
register  of  the  parish  church  of  Warrington  t 

"  1660,  July  30.  Whereas  it  is  generally  injoined 
by  the  great  Counsell  of  England  that  in  all 
churches  thorow  out  the  kingdom  of  England,  his 


the  providinge  of 
things  that  are  wanting,  Those  of  the  parish  that 
uppon  the  s'd  warninge  did  appeare  do  think  it  fitt 
that  two  Church  laves  shaloe  collected  by  the 
new  Churchwardens  for  the  providinge  of  the  s'd 
Armes,"  &c. 

Is  this  all  the  information  now  available 
in  reply  to  the  querist  at  1  S.  ix.  327  ? 

J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

[Much  information  on  the  subject  will  be  found 
at  7  S.  yi.  191  and  ix.  317,  where  many  previous 
communications  are  summarized.  The  question  was 
also  discussed  at  considerable  length  in  the  Tenth 
Series ;  see  v.  188,  230,  294,  336 ;  vi.  53 ;  ix.  287. 
Correspondents  are  requested  to  consult  these 
articles  before  sending  fresh  replies.] 

WILLIAM  AISLABIE,  the  eldest  son  of 
Robert  Aislabie  of  Rotheram,  co.  York, 
was  educated  at  Westminster  School,  whence 
lie  was  elected  to  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
in  1742.  He  is  said  to  have  taken  holy 
orders.  I  should  be  glad  to  know  what 
preferments  he  held  and  the  date  of  his  death. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

JAMES  ALTHAM,  son  of  James  Altham  of 
Epping,  Essex,  was  elected  on  the  founda- 
tion at  Westminster  School  in  1713,  aged  14. 
He  has  been  wrongly  identified  with  James 
Altham  of  St.  John's  Coll.,  Camb.,  who  was 
educated  at  Bishop's  Stortford.  I.  should 
ho  glad  to  obtain  any  information  about 
the  career  of  this  Westminster  boy. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

Sm  ROBERT  ATKYNS,  K.B.  (1621-1709), 
LORD  CHIEF  BARON  OF  THE  EXCHEQUER. — 
Whom  and  when  did  he  marry  ?  How 
many  children  were  there  of  his  marriage  ? 
Tlu>  'Diet,  Nat.  Biog.,'  ii.  232,  describes 
Sir  Robert  Atkyns  (1647-1711)  as  his  only 
son,  but  surely  this  is  incorrect. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

CAISTER  LIFE -BOAT. — Will  some  East 
Anglian  correspondent  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  inform 
me  which  newspaper,  local  or  otherwise, 
gave  the  best  account  of  the  wreck  of  the 
Caister  life-boat  on  14  November,  1901  ? 

M.  P. 


'  THE  OERA  LINDA  BOOK/ — This  literary 
hoax  was  discussed  in  1876  in  the  columns 
of  The  Athenceum,  and  possibly  in  those 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  In  the  latter  case,  any  refer- 
ences thereto  would  be  esteemed  by  the 
querist.  H.  P.  L. 

ABBREVIATIONS  IN  WRITING.  —  Can  any 
one  recommend  to  me  any  scheme  of  con- 
venient abbreviations  both  in  handwriting 
and  in  the  form  of  words,  such  as  were  com- 
mon in  mediaeval  times,  adapted  to  present- 
day  use  ?  Please  reply  direct. 

L.  PHILLIPS. 

Theological  College,  Lichfield. 

[The  late  Mr.  Howard  Collins  included  in  his 
'  Authors'  and  Printers'  Dictionary,'  under  '  Abbre- 
viations for  Longhand  recognized  by  Printers,'  the 
list  agreed  to  at  the  International  Shorthand  Con- 
gress, 1887.] 

CAPT.  JOHN  PIGOTT. — Can  any  correspond- 
ent of  *  N.  &  Q.'  give  me  particulars  of  the 
previous  services  of  Capt.  John  Pigott,  who 
was  appointed  to  the  12th  Regiment  at 
Gibraltar  on  26  December,  1778,  and  died 
1788  ?  WM.  JACKSON  PIGOTT. 

Manor  House,  Dundrum,  co.  Down. 

GAMNECOURT  IN  PICARDY  :  BARBARA  DE 
BIERLE. — Barbara  de  Bierle  (or  Beirle)  was 
lady-in-waiting  to  Mary  of  Lorraine,  wife  of 
King  James  V.  of  Scotland.  She  married 
in  1543,  as  his  second  wife,  John  Erskine  of 
Dun,  the  famous  Superintendent,  and 
colleague  of  John  Knox.  The  lady  is  de- 
scribed as  being  the  daughter  of  the  Sieur 
de  Bierle  of  Gamnecourt  in  Picardy.  Can 
any  reader  inform  me  where  Gamnecourt 
is  to  be  found,  and  incidentally  anything 
further  about  the  family  or  its  descendants 
in  France  ?  W.  C.  J. 

"GOULANDS"  IN  BEN  JONSON. — Can  any 
one  tell  me  what  flower  is  meant  by  goulands 
in     Ben     Jonson's     '  Pan's     Anniversary '  ? 
The  line  is 
Pinks,  goulands,  king-cups,  and  sweet  sops-in-wine. 

W.  T. 

[The  'N.E.D.' under  "golland"  says:  "A  name 
given  to  various  species  of  Ranunculus,  Caltha, 
and  Trollius."  Numerous  quotations  are  supplied, 
ranging  from  c.  1387  to  1893.J 

FRANCIS  GROSE  AND  THEODOSIUS  FOR- 
REST OR  FOREST.  —  I  should  be  glad  to 
trace  the  whereabouts  of  a  picture  by 
Nathaniel  Hone  exhibited  at  the  Royal 
Academy  in  1770,  under  the  title  '  Two 
Gentlemen  in  Masquerade.'  The  "  two 
gentlemen "  are  Capt.  Francis  Grose,  the 
antiquary,  and  Theodosius  Forrest  (an 


430 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  20, 1910. 


attorney),  a  member  of  the  Sublime  j 
Society  of  Beef-Steaks.  I  should  also  ; 
welcome  information  showing  to  which  of  j 
the  Forrest  families  Theodosius  Forrest  | 
(d.  1784)  belonged.  His  father  Ebenezer  j 
Forrest  (also  an  attorney)  was  an  original ; 
member  of  the  Sublime  Society  ;  and  his  ; 
brother  Frederick,  who  died  in  Edinburgh  i 
(1788),  had  been  Clerk  of  the  Rope  Yard  at  ' 
Chatham.  E.  M. 


SHAKESPEARE'S    BIBLE. 
(US.  ii.  365.) 

"  THE  work  of  Holy  Writ,  once  the  pro- 
perty of  Shakespeare,"  lately  on  view  in  the 
upper  gallery  of  the  Shakespeare  Memorial 
Exhibition  in  the  Whitechapel  Art  Gallery, 
is  the  same  edition  as  "  The  Newe  Testa- 
ment of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  translated 
out  of  Greeke  by  Theo.  Beza,  and  Englished 
by  L.  T[omson].  Whereunto  is  adjoyned  a 
Concordance,'*  ff.  403  (London,  C.  Barker, 
1580).  It  is  a  reprint  of  the  edition  of  1576, 
with  the  addition  of  the  Concordance  or 
Table.  The  latter  is  the  first  edition  of 
Tomson's  revision  of  the  Genevan  version. 
Bishop  Wordsworth  in  his  '  Shakespeare's 
Knowledge  and  Use  of  the  Bible  '  suggests 
that  as  Parker's,  called  also  the  Bishops' 
Bible  of  1568,  and  various  reprints  of  the 
Genevan  Bible  of  1560  with  short  marginal 
notes,  were  much  used  in  private  families, 
the  poet  had  one  of  these  in  his  possession. 

But  at  Sotheby's  there  was  sold  in  1904 
"  Shakespeare's  own  Bible,"  with  his  name 
written  by  his  own  hand,  though  I  am  not 
able  to  say  now  that  the  experts  at  the  time 
agreed  as  to  the  genuineness  of  the  signature. 
The  Daily  Telegraph  on  11  October,  1904, 
gave  the  following  interesting  account  of  the 
Bible  used  by  the  poet : — 

"It  is  certain  that  this  Bible is  not  that  from 

which  Shakespeare  learnt  his  scripture  knowledge. 
It  was  apparently  printed  in  1613,  and  bears  the 
imprint  of  the  second  edition  of  King  James's 
Bible,  our  authorised  version,  the  first  issue  of 
which  was  in  1611.  In  1611  Shakespeare's  dramatic 
work  was  done.  It  is  doubtful  if  anything  pro- 
ceeded from  his  pen  after  that  date  except,  perhaps, 
'Henry  VIII.,'  which  is  only  in  part  his,  'The 
Tempest,'  and  'Cymbeline.'  But,  apart  from  this 
consideration,  there  is  now  little  if  any  doubt  that 
the  Bible  of  the  poet's  youth  and  manhood  was 
the  Genevan  version  turned  into  English  by  the 
Reformers,  first  smuggled  into  this  country  in  1557, 
and  afterwards  freely  and  widely  distributed.  It 
was  translated  by  Coverdale,  Whittingham,  Gilby, 
Goodman,  Sampson  Cole,  and  probably  John  Knox. 
Being  cheap  and  specially  favoured  by  the  Puritans, 


no  fewer  than  160  editions  passed  into  circulation 
between  1560  and  the  Civil  War.  The  Bibles  which 
Shakespeare  might  have  known  were  Coverdale's, 
the  Bishops',  Wyclif's,  Tyndale's,  Cranmer's,  the 
Rlieims  New  Testament,  and  the  Genevan ;  but  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Carter,  of  Croydon,  has  proved  almost 
beyond  controversy  that  the  version  he  actually 
knew  and  referred  to  was  the  Genevan,  a  view  to 
which  the  cautious  Halliwell-Phillipps  inclined. 
Wherever  there  is  a  difference  of  reading  it  is 
explained  by  reference  to  the  Reformers'  version. 
The  fact  is  not  to  be  wondered  at,  for  between  the 
age  of  eight  and  thirteen,  the  period  of  his  school- 
life,  William  Shakespeare's  teacher  at  the  Stratford 
Grammar  School  was  Thomas  Hunt,  a  Puritan. 
Dr.  Carter  has  cited  a  large  number  of  passages  in 
confirmation  of  his  view.  Thus  in  'Richard  II.,' 
Act.  iv,  1,  142,  we  have  : 

The  field  of  Golgotha  and  dead  men's  skulls. 
Most  of  the  other  versions  then  extant  gave  :  '  Gol- 
gotha the  place  of  a  skull,'  *  Golgotha  which  is  the 
place  of  Calvarie ' ;  but  the  Genevan  almost  exactly 
agreed  with  the  dramatist's  line :  '  Golgotha  the 
place  of  dead  men's  skulls.'  Othello  in  v,  2,  47, 
exclaims : 

Peace  and  be  still. 

Differing  from  all  the  other  issues,  Tyndale  and  the 
Genevan  so  report  the  miracle  in  Mark  iv,  39: 
*  And  sayd  unto  the  sea,  Peace  and  be  still.'  Again, 
Shakespeare  writes  ['  Richard  II.,'  i.  1,  174] : 

Richard :  Lions  make  leopards  tame. 

Norfolk:  Yes,  but  not  change  his  spots. 
The  Genevan  was  the  first  version  to  use  the  word 
leopard  in  the  verse  :  '  Can  the  blacke  Moor  change 
his  skin  or  the  leopard  his  spots?'  [Jer.  xiii.  2, 
Strange  to  say,  previous  versions  up  to  that  time 
had  given  for  leopard  'cat  o'  mountain.'  'I  have 
during  the  past  ten  years,'  writes  Dr.  Carter, 
studied  every  line  in  the  plays  in  order  to  trace 
how  far  the  indebtedness  [of  Shakespeare  to  the 
Bible  for  his  vocabulary]  extends,  and  after  a  care- 
ful comparison  have  come  to  the  conclusion  that 
the  Genevan  was  the  version  he  used.' 

"Granting  that  the  Genevan  Bible  was  in  all 
probability  that  from  which  the  great  dramatist 
learnt  his  earliest  scripture  lessons,  this  in  no  way 
invalidates  the  belief  that  when  the  Authorised 
Version  appeared  he  bought  a  copy." 

TOM  JONES. 

Reposing  in  the  Shakespeare  Memorial 
at  Stratford-on-Avon  is  an  old  folio  Bible 
lacking  the  three  titles  (to  the  Old  and  New 
Testaments  and  Apocrypha),  but  belonging 
to  Barker's  issue  of  1584.  This  also  purports 
to  be  Shakespeare's  own  copy,  and  an 
inscription  within  states  that  one  of  the 
missing  titles  once  bore  the  poet's  signature. 
I  have  met  with  two  other  Bibles  boasting 
of  the  same  distinguished  ownership.  The 
Stratford  Memorial  copy  was  presented  on 
23  April,  1881,  by  the  barrister  Shirley 
Forster  Woolmer,  who  claimed  descent 
from  a  family  settled  at  Stratford  in  Shake- 
speare's time.  In  all  four  cases  the  evi 
dence  of  such  important  ownership  appears 
to  me  far  too  unreliable  to  enable  one  to 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  26,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


431 


say  this  or  that  is  "  the  very  copy  whence 
Shakespeare  drew  his  Biblical  quotations." 

If  the  inscription  in  the  quarto  described 
by  L.  M.  R.  is  about  a  century  old,  it  is 
unfortunately  suspicious,  for  that  is  the 
very  period  when  Shakespeare  inscriptions 
and  "  originals  "  were  being  manufactured 
by  Ireland,  Zincke,  and  others  in  abundance. 
WILLIAM  JAGGARD. 

Avonthwaite,  Stratford-on-Avon. 


SHAKESPEARE  :  CHRONOLOGICAL  EDITION 
(11  S.  ii.  348). — There  are  two  convenient 
editions  of  Shakespeare  in  which  the  plays 
are  arranged,  by  a  system  of  metrical  tests, 
.in  the  order  in  which  they  are  supposed 
to  have  been  written,  viz.%  '  The  Leopold 
Shakspere,'  1877,  and  '  The  Royal  Shak- 
spere,'  1880-84,  both  edited  by  the  late 
Dr.  Furnivall  and  published  by  Cassell. 

But  editors  generally  do  not  wholly  agree 
as  to  the  succession  of  the  plays,  so  that  the 
reader  is  still  left  to  form  his  own  chrono- 
logical order  of  them.  The  following  earliest 
notices  from  the  Stationers'  Registers  and 
other  sources  may  be  useful  for  that  purpose  : 
'  Henry  VI.,  Part  I.,'  Thos.  Nash,  K92. 
1  Titus  Andronicus,'  S.R.  1593. 

'  Henry  VI.,  Part  II.'  ('  The  Contention'),  S.R.  1593. 
4  Henry  VL,  Part  III.'  ('Richard,  Duke  of  York'), 

S.R.  1595. 

'  Comedy  of  Errors,'  acted  at  Gray's  Inn  1594. 
'  Romeo  and  Juliet,'  S.R.  1596. 
'Richard  II.,'  Quarto  1597. 

*  Richard  III.,'  Quarto  1597. 
'Henry  IV.,  Part  I.,'  S.R.  1597. 

'Love's  Labour 's  Lost,'  '  King  John,'  '  Two  Gent.,' 
'  Midsummer  N.  Dream,'  are  first  mentioned  bv 
Meres  1598. 

'All's  Well,'  'Pericles'  (S  R.  1609),  '  Timon  of 
Athens,'  '  Taming  of  the  Shrew,'  are  early  experi- 
ments in  writing,  and  belong  to  the  end  of  the 
first  period. 

'  Merchant  of  Venice,'  S.R.  1598. 

'  Henry  IV.,  Part  II.,'  S.R.  1600. 

'  Trpilus  and  Cressida '  (' Histriomastix  '),  1599,  S.R. 

'Henry  V.,' S.R.  1600. 

'Much  Ado,'  S.R.  1600. 

'  As  You  Like  It,'  S.R.  1600. 

'Merry  Wives,'  S.R.  1601. 

'  Julius  Caesar '  (Clarendon  Press),  1601. 

'Twelfth  Night,'  acted  in  the  Middle  Temple,  1601. 

'  Othello,'  acted  1602. 

1  Measure  for  Measure,'  acted  1603. 

*  Hamlet,'  Quarto  1604. 

'  King  Lear,'  acted  1606. 

4  Antony  and  Cleopatra,'  S.R.  1608. 

'Coriolanus'  (Clarendon  Press),  before  1609. 

'Cymbeline,'  acted  1610. 

'Macbeth,'  acted  1610. 

'  Winter's  Tale'  (Clarendon  Press),  1611. 

'Tempest'  (Clarendon  Press),  1610-11. 

'Henry  VIII.,' 1613. 

TOM  JOXES. 


Malone  and  other  editors  attempted  to 
fix  the  chronology  of  the  plays,  but  as  is 
now  admitted,  without  adequate  authority. 
There  is  an  edition  by  Wordsworth,  in  3  vols. , 
of  the  historical  plays,  divided  into  Roman 
and  English.  The  order  is  historically  chrono- 
logical, and  begins  with  '  Coriolanus.'  The 
impossibility  of  furnishing  a  satisfactory 
edition  of  Shakespeare  according  to  the 
dates  of  composition  may  be  understood 
after  perusing  Mr.  Sidney  Lee's  article  on 
the  dramatist  in  the  *  D.N.B.,'  vol.  Ii.  p.  348. 

W.  SCOTT. 

Stirling. 

[Draco  and  MB.  F.  C.  WHITE  also  thanked  for 
replies.  Everjrlist  must  contain  something  dubious, 
and  we  do  not' invite  discussion  generally  on  dates.] 

KNIGHTHOOD  AND  DISRAELI  (11  S.  ii. 
328,  413).— Please,  Mr.  G.  W.  E.  R.,  don't 
let  them  pad.  When  old,  Disraeli  was 
terse  in  talk.  Here  is  an  extract  from  the 
record  of  the  time  : — 

" went  back  and  tried  to  shake  him,  but 

no  good 'Knighthood  was  good  enough  for  Sir 

Walter  Raleigh  and  Sir  Francis  Drake  :  it  may  do 
for  Borthwick.'" 

As  the  Prime  Minister  was  wrong,  we  must 
let  him  be  wrong  in  the  right  way.  D. 

PLANTAGENET  TOMES  AT  FONTEVRAULT 
(11  S.  ii.  184,  223,  278,  332,  356,  390,  410).— 
In  "  The  Byzantine  and  Romanesque  Court 
in  the  Crystal  Palace,  described  by  M.  Digby 
Wyatt  and  J.  B.  Waring,  1854,"  a  prefatory 
notice  names  several  of  the  artists  responsible 
for  the  Court  and  its  contents,  but  it  gives  no 
information  as  to  the  Fontevrault  cast  or 
models.  The  similar  notice  to  the  Mediaeval 
Court  mentions,  however,  that  "  the  greater 
number  of  the  French  casts  have  been 
executed  by  M.  Malzieux,  of  Paris." 

The  fact  that  the  authors  of  the  hand- 
book only  quote  that  the  originals  were  at 
that  time  "  preserved  in  the  Conventual 
Church,  and  protected  from  further  injury 
by  an  iron  railing,"  on  the  authority  of 
articles  in  the  fifth  volume  (1846)  of  Didron's 
'  Annales  Archeologiques,'  seems  to  make 
it  less  likely  that  the  matrices  for  the  casts 
were  made  for  the  Crystal  Palace  authorities 
on  the  spot. 

On  the  other  hand,  the  Didron  '  Annales  ' 

Erove  that  the  originals  had  been  a  few  years 
efore,  in   1846,  in  the   "  ateliers  "   of  the 
Louvre,    where    they    underwent    what    is 
described    as     "  une    restauration    fatale," 
including  a  repainting. 

A  comparison  of  the  colours  of  the  Crystal 
Palace  casts  with  (1)  the  present  colours  of 


432 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       in  s.  n.  NOV.  26, 1910. 


the  originals  and  (2)  the  notes  of  the  colours 
made  by  Stothard  might  show  whether 
Stothard's  drawings  and  notes  were  used,  or 
the  originals  as  they  existed  when  the  Crystal 
Palace  collection  was  formed. 

With  regard  to  the  possibility  of  casts 
having  been  made,  the  '  Annales  '  state  that 
it  was  certainly  intended  to  make  casts  for 
Versailles  at  the  time  when  the  gift  of  the 
originals  to  England  was  under  consideration 
in  1846.  ("  On  assure  que  ces  statues, 
apres  avoir  ete  restaurees  et  moulees  pour 
le  musee  de  Versailles,  seront  offertes  en 
present  a  la  reine  d' Angle terre.")  This 
suggests  that  it  might  be  more  useful  to  make 
inquiry  at  Versailles  than  at  the  Musee 
de  Sculpture  Comparee,  mentioned  by  MB. 
W.  S.  COBDER  (ante,  p.  356). 

I  suppose  the'  Board  of  Works  have  the 
official  records  of  what  was  done  by  direction 
of  the  Prince  Consort  for  our  first  Exhibition. 

H.  K.  H. 

CAPT.  CBOSSTBEE  :  TOM  BOWLING  (US. 
ii.  387). — Capt.  Crosstree  was  a  character 
in  a  "nautical  and  domestic  melo-drama" 
entitled  '  Black-Eyed  Susan  ;  or,  All  in  the 
Downs,'  founded  on  Gay's  ballad,  and  pro- 
duced at  the  Surrey  Theatre  under  the 
direction  of  Elliston  in  1829.  The  precise 
date  was  probably  8  June,  as  the  eleventh 
performance  (of  which  I  have  a  bill)  was  on 
Friday,  19  June.  Capt.  Crosstree  was 
played  by  Forester — the  hero,  William, 
being  rendered  by  T.  P.  Cooke,  who  sang  a 
song,  and  danced  a  double  hornpipe  with 
Miss  Barnett.  The  piece  was  "  by  the 
author  of  '  Bampfylde  Moore  Carew,' 
'  Ambrose  Gwinett,'  '  Law  and  Lions,'  and 
'  John  Avery.'  '  The  overture  and  music 
were  "  Selected  from  Dibdin's  songs  by  Mr. 
[Jonathan]  Blewitt."  There  is  a  note  on  the 
bill  which  indicates  that  a  rival  house  had 
"  committed  a  contemptible  and  unprincipled 
infringement  on  Private  Property "  by 
producing  a  piece  under  the  same  title.  The 
Surrey  play  was  very  successful,  and  it  con- 
tinued popular  for  many  years  throughout 
the  country. 

A  burlesque,  by  [Sir]  F.  C.  Burnand, 
entitled  *  The  Latest  Edition  of  Black- 
Eyed  Susan  ;  or,  The  Little  Bill  that  was 
Taken  Up,'  was  produced  by  Miss  M.  Oliver 
at  the  New  Royalty  Theatre,  Dean  Street. 
I  attended  a  performance  of  this  in  1867,  in 
the  thirty-first  week  of  the  burlesque.  The 
part  of  Capt.  Crosstree  was  taken  by  F. 
Dewar,  who  with  Dame  Hatley  (Danvers), 
William  (Miss  Annie  Collinson),  and  Susan 


(Miss    Oliver)    provided    a    most    delightful 
quartet  of  genuinely  comic  acting. 

The  name  Tom  Bowling  was  first  used, 
I  think  by  Smollett,  in  '  Roderick  Random  ' 
(1748).  There  was  a  character  Tom  Bow- 
ling, played  by  Bannister,  in  '  The  Trip  to 
Portsmouth,'  produced  at  the  Haymarket 
Theatre,  11  August,  1773.  Charles  Dibdin, 
who  composed  the  music  for  it,  describes  it 
as  "a  poor  rickety  thing,  in  whicli  there 
were  some  decently  written  songs."  The 
author  was  G.  A.  Stevens,  whose  sea  songs, 
introduced  in  the  piece,  were  the  first  that 
had  the  true  nautical  ring,  afterwards  so 
notable  in  Dibdin's  lyrics.  His  famous 
song  '  Poor  Tom  ;  or,  The  Sailor's  Epitaph,' 
was  first  performed  and  published  by  him 
in  the  early  spring  of  1790,  as  an  addition 
to  his  Talk  Entertainment  '  The  Oddities  ; 
or,  Dame  Nature  in  a  Frolic,'  produced  at 
the  Lyceum,  7  December,  1789. 

E.    RlMBAULT   DlBDIN. 

Morningside,  Sud worth  Road,  New  Brighton. 

Capt.  Crosstree  is  one  of  the  principal 
characters  in  Douglas  Jerrold's  '  Black-Ey'd 
Susan,'  a  nautical  and  domestic  drama- 
first  produced  at  the  Surrey  Theatre  on 
Whit  Monday,  8  June,  1829.  T.  P.  Cooke 
as  William  created  a  furore,  and  played  it  for 
a  long  time  at  the  Surrey  and  Covent  Garden 
theatres  on  the  same  nights.  S.  J.  A.  F. 

Capt.  Crosstree  occurs  in  Douglas  Jerrold's 
'  Black-Eyed  Susan,'  which  was  produced 
in  June,  1829,  at  the  Surrey  Theatre,  and 
took  the  playgoing  world  by  storm.  It  will 
be  found  in  Jerrold's  '  Comedies  and  Dramas,' 
1854  (vol.  viii.  of  his  collected  writings). 

The  burlesque,  by  Sir  F.  C.  Burnand,  was 
also  attended  by  wonderful  success.  It  was 
brought  out  by  Pattie  Oliver  at  her  New 
Royalty  Theatre  in  Dean  Street,  Soho,  on 
29  November,  1866,  and  ran  for  420  nights. 
I  well  remember  the  enthusiasm  with  which 
it  was  greeted.  W.  P.  COURTNEY. 

Inquiry  as  to  Capt.  Crosstree  leads 
one's  thoughts  back  to  the  days  of  the  old 
Royalty  Theatre  in  Dean  Street,  Soho. 
That  bibulous  character  Capt.  Crosstree 
figured  prominently  in  the  burlesque  of 
'  Black-Eyed  Susan '  as  acted  there  for 
many  nights.  Elderly  playgoers  are  not 
likely  to  have  forgotten  Dewar 's  most 
amusing  impersonation  of  this  nautical 
braggart,  with  his  telescope  and  "  cheek- 
iron"  collars,  or  his  song  "Capt.  Crosstree 
is  my  name,  my  boys."  Danvers  and  Patty 
Oliver  were  in  the  cast  as  well,  the  former 


n  s.  IL  NOV.  26,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


433 


with    a    marvellous    dance    a    la    Stead    o 
"Perfect    Cure"    fame.       Then    there    was 
that  captivating  melody  "  Pretty  See-u-san 
don't  say  no,"   which  caught  the  fancy  o: 
the  town.  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenseum  Club. 

Capt.    Crosstree     is    the    amorous    nava 
commander  who   causes  all  the  trouble  in 
Dibdin's    '  Black-Eyed    Susan.'     The    name 
has  remained  in  the  later  versions  and  per- 
versions   of     this     lastingly    popular    play 
and  notably  in  the    *  William  and   Susan 
of  W.  G.  Wills,  produced  at  the  St.  James's 
under  the  Hare  and  Kendal  management 
1880,   with  that   still   admirable   actor  Mr. 
J.  H.  Barnes  as  Crosstree,  concerning  whom 
the    Times    critic    observed    that    "  a   more 
gallant  and   comely   Captaift.  could  not  be 
desired." 

And  no  old-time  playgoer  is  likely  to  have 
forgotten  the  late  Fred  Dewar's  presenta- 
tion of  that  character  in  Sir  Francis  Bur- 
nand's  brightest  burlesque,  '  Black-Eyed 
Susan '  produced  by  that  excellent  actress 
Patty  Oliver  at  the  New  Royalty  with  great 
success  on  29  November,  1866.  His  song 
"  Captain  Crosstree  is  my  name,"  parodying 
the  then  popular  "  Champagne  Charlie,"  was 
one  of  the  hits  of  the  piece. 

PLAYGOER. 
O.P.  Club,  Adelphi,  W.C. 

[MR.  W.  DOUGLAS,  MR.  WALTER  JERROLD,  MR. 
R,  PIERPOINT,  and  MR.  A.  RHODES  also  thanked 
for  replies.] 

'  THE  PARSON  AND  THE  PAINTER  '  :  PHIL 
MAY  (US.  ii.  388).— This  was  the  first  pro- 
duction illustrated  by  Phil  May  after  his 
return  to  England  at  the  close  of  his  Aus- 
tralian engagement  as  principal  cartoonist 
on  the  staff  of  The  Sydney  Bulletin.  It 
originally  appeared  week  by  week  in  a 
London  paper — The  Whitehall  Review,  if 
memory  serves.  J.  F.  HOGAN. 

Royal  Colonial  Institute, 

Northumberland  Avenue. 

'  The  Parson  and  the  Painter  '  was 
published  by  the  General  Publishing  and 
Advertising  Company,  Bouverie  House, 
Salisbury  Square,  E.C.  The  advertisements 
on  the  cover  show  that  the  date  was  1892. 
The  price  was  one  shilling. 

The  visit  to  Scarborough  was  only  one 
incident  out  of  many,  and  takes  up  less  than 
three  chapters.  My  copy,  which  appears 
to  be  complete,  ends  abruptly  with  the 
thirty-fifth  chapter.  The  book  is  full  of 
excellent  sketches  of  well-known  theatrical 
a/id  sporting  characters  by  Phil  May,  who 


is  supposed  to  be  Charlie  Summers,  the 
Painter.  The  Parson  is  the  Rev.  Joseph 
Slapkins,  and  he  is  stated  on  the  title-page 
to  be  the  author  of  '  The  Tale  of  a  Horse  ' 
and  '  The  Sport  of  Shooting  ;  or,  The 
Glorious  Gun  and  the  Perilous  Parson.' 

J.  J.  FREEMAN. 
[MR.  W.  SCOTT  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

ARCHBISHOP  OF  COLOGNE  :  Two  TRACTS 
(11  S.  ii.  328). —There  are  in  the  British 
Museum  at  least  three  tracts  issued  in  .1583 
by  Archbishop  Gebhardt,  in  one  of  which 
he  endeavours  to  explain  the  reason  why 
he  thought  there  was  no  objection  to  his 
getting  married.  .  They  are  to  be  found 
in  the  Catalogue  under  '  Cologne  '  (col.  33). 
As  I  have  not  seen  them,  I  am  unable  to 
say  whether  the  author  received  any  assist- 
ance from  Thomas  Deloney.  L.  L.  K. 

'  A  Declaration  made  by  the  Archbishop  of 
Collen,  upon  the  Deed  of  his  Marriage,' 
London,  1583,  12mo,  is  attributed  by  Watt 
to  Thomas  Deloney,  called  by  Kempe 
('  Nine  Days'  Wonder,'  1600)  "  the  great 
ballade -maker."  The  same  publication 
appears  a  second  time  in  the  '  Bibliotheca 
Britannica,'  under  the  printed  works  of 
John  Wolf  or  Wolfe,  a  London  printer.  It 
is  entitled  '  A  Declaration  made  by  the 
Archbishop  of  Collen,  upon  the  deede  of  his 
marriage,  sent  to  the  States  of  his  Arch- 
bishoprike  ;  with  the  Letter  of  Pope 
Gregorie  the  XIIIth  against  the  celebration 
of  the  same  marriage,  and  the  Bishop's 
aunswer  thereunto  ;  according  to  the  copie 
mprinted  at  Collen,  1583,'  London,  1583, 
8vo.  It  would  thus  appear  that  the  original 
printed  at  Cologne  had  been  translated  into 
English,  and  published  by  Wolf  in  8vo. 
Deloney's  version  in  12mo  was  no  doubt  a 
versified  rendering  of  the  same. 

I  have  not  seen  any  reference  to  '  The 
Edicte  of  the  Archbishop.'  W.  S.  S. 

"JEHOVAH"  IN  AFFIRMATIONS  BY  JEWS 

US.  ii.   346). — No  Jew  should  submit  to 

:>e  sworn  with  the  use  of  the  word  "  Jehovah  " 

n   the   oath.     Such   use   has   always   been 

mproper,  and  has  been  denounced  by  the 

"hief    Rabbi    and    the    Jewish    Board    of 

Deputies  on  numerous  occasions.     Since  the 

passing  of  the  new  Oaths  Act,  the  use  of  the 

word   has   become   illegal,   as   one   form   of 

ath  has  been  provided  by  the  statute  for 

aersons    of    all    denominations,    willing    to 

ake  it,  and  such  form  compels  the  use  of 

he  word  "  God." 

The  whole  phrase  "  So  help  me  God  (or 
Tehovah)  "  is  now  redundant,  and  forms 


434 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  NOV.  26, 1910. 


no  part  of  the  oath,  although  some  magis- 
trates' clerks  and  others  like  to  superimpose 
it.  But  if  it  is  used,  it  must  be  in  the  form 
*'  So  help  me  God."  Any  Jew  asked  to 
swear  by  "  Jehovah  "  should  refuse,  and  a 
notification  of  the  facts  should  be  sent  to  the 
Jewish  Board  of  Deputies,  19,  Finsbury 
Circus,  E.G.  C.  E. 

MATHEMATICAL  PERIODICALS:  C.  HUT- 
TON'S  '  MISCELLANEA  MATHEMATICA  '  :  G. 
HUTTON  (US.  ii.  347).— At  the  end  of  one 
•of  Charles  Hutton's  earliest  arithmetical 
works,  published  in  1786,  a  list  of  his  other 
publications  up  to  that  date  is  given.  Among 
these  are  named — 

1.  The  Mathematical  Parts  of  the  Ladies'  Diaries 
in  3  vols.     Price  15-9.  bound. 

2.  The  Poetical  Parts  of  the  Ladies'  Diaries,  in 
"2  vols.     Price  9-s-.  bound. 

3.  The  Mathematical  Miscellany  :  being  an  entire 
new  Collection  of  original  Questions,  Essays,  &c., 
in  all  Parts  of  the  Mathematics.    Price  5-s.  bound. 

The  last  appears  as  a  work  quite  independent 
of  the  two  preceding  entries.  Assuming  the 
4  Ladies'  Diaries  '  above  named  to  be  identi- 
cal with  the  '  Diarian  Miscellany,'  it  would 
appear  that  MB.  ANDERSON  is  right  in 
thinking  Lowndes  mistaken  when  he  calls 
the  Miscellanea  Mathematica  the  sixth  and 
concluding  volume  of  the  '  Diarian  Mis- 
cellany.' 

With  regard  to  George  Hutton,  an  author 
of  that  name  published  a  novel,  '  Almantus 
and  Elmira  ;  or,  Ingratitude  Exemplified,' 
1794,  8vo.  Perhaps  he  may  have  been  the 
teacher  referred  to.  W.  S.  S. 

'  PRIDE  AND  PREJUDICE  '  :  CALENDAR 
MISTAKE  (11  S.  ii.  147). — Would  not  the 
chronological  difficulty  pointed  out  by  MR. 
ARAVAMTTTHAN  disappear  if  we  assumed 
"  November  18th "  in  Mr.  Collins's  letter 
to  be  a  misprint  for  "November  16th"  ? 
There  are  other  passages  in  Jane  Austen's 
books  where  a  close  reader  is  inclined  to 
doubt  the  soundness  of  the  text.  Some 
years  ago  Dr.  Verrall,  writing  in  The  Cam- 
bridge Review,  proposed  to  emend  a  place  in 

*  Mansfield  Park.'  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

BISHOP  EDWARD  WETENHALL  (11  S.  ii. 
88,  372). — When  he  was  a  prebendary  of 
Exeter  he  preached  in  the  cathedral  there, 
26  July,  1668,  a  sermon  on  *  The  Miseries  of 
the  Clergy,'  which  was  printed.  His  treatise 

*  Of  Gifts  and  Offices  in  Publick  Worship,' 
in  three  parts,  Praying,  Singing,  Preaching, 
was  published  at  Dublin  by  B.  Tooke,  1678-9. 
He  is  mentioned  in  the   '  Calendar    of    Or- 
monde MSS.'  W.  C.  B. 


The  "Gabriel  Whetenhall  of  Hankloe " 
was,  no  doubt,  the  barrister  (or  attorney  ?) 
to  whom  his  kinsman  Nathaniel  Wetenhall 
(aged  23  in  1663)  gave  Hankelow  in  Cheshire. 
Gabriel  married  Katherine,  daughter  of 
J.  Cope  of  Ranlow  Abbey,  Staffs.  Tho 
pedigrees  in  Ormerod's  '  Cheshire '  and 
Hall's  '  Nantwich '  do  not  give  Bishop 
Wetenhall.  Gabriel  died  in  August,  1735, 
and  was  buried  at  Audlem.  R.  S.  B. 

ENGLISH  WINE  AND  SPIRIT  GLASSES  (11  S. 
ii.  328,  378). — At  the  first  reference  MR. 
CANN  HUGHES  asks,  "  Is  there  any  trust- 
worthy textbook  on  these  seventeenth  - 
century  glasses  ?  "  Mr.  Albert  Hartshorne's 
'  Old  English  Glasses  '  is  the  leading  autho- 
rity upon  the  subject,  but  the  most  recent 
handbook,  and  one  published  at  a  low  price, 
is  '  Early  English  Glass  :  a  Guide  for  Col- 
lectors of  Table  and  other  Decorative  Glass 
of  the  Sixteenth,  Seventeenth,  and  Eigh- 
teenth Centuries,'  by  Daisy  Wilmer  (L. 
Upcott  Gill,  1910).  The  little  work  is 
profusely  illustrated,  and  will,  I  think, 
afford  MR.  CANN  HUGHES  all  the  information 
he  requires.  In  her  preface  Miss  Wilmer 
acknowledges  the  assistance  that  she  has 
received  from  Mr.  Hartshorne  in  the  com- 
pilation of  her  book.  F.  A.  RUSSELL. 
4,  Nelgarde  Road,  Catford,  S.E. 

FREDERIC,  PRINCE  OF  WALES  (11  S.  ii. 
368). — MR.  STAPLETON  MARTIN  states  that 
"  this  son  of  George  II.  died  in  1751  from 
a  blow  of  a  cricket  ball."  Is  this  statement 
true  ?  On  looking  at  vol.  xxi.  of  The 
Gentleman's  Magazine,  1751,  pp.  140-41, 
I  find  an  account  of  his  death  and  the  follow- 
ing foot-note  : — 

"  It  is  reported  by  some,  that  about  two  years  ago 
his  Royal  Highness  received  an  hurt  in  his  breast 
by  a  fall;  others  say  by  the  stroke  of  a  ball  at 
cricket."  ' 

On  what  authority  does  MR.  STAPLETON 
MARTIN  come  to  the  conclusion  that  he  was 
killed  by  a  cricket  ball,  and  not  by  a  fall  ? 
The  opinion  of  the  physicians  and  surgeons 
concerning  the  distemper  which  occasioned 
the  death  of  his  late  Royal  Highness  can 
be  found  on  p.  130  of  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine,  vol.  xxi.,  1751.  No  mention  is 
made  of  a  fall  or  a  stroke  of  a  ball  at  cricket. 

ALFRED  SYDNEY  LEWIS. 
Library,  Constitutional  Club,  W.C. 

Both  '  George  the  Third,  his  Court  and 
Family '  (London,  1820,  anonymous,  as- 
cribed to  John  Gait)  and  Toone's  'Chro- 
nological Historian'  (1828)  agree  in  the 
statement  that  "  the  immediate  cause  of 


n  8.  ii.  NOV.  26, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


435 


death  was  the  breaking  of  an  imposthume 
between  the  pericardium  and  diaphragm," 
which  threw  the  matter  contained  in  it  upon 
the  substance  of  the  lungs.  This  is  stated 
to  have  arisen  from  a  cold  caught  three 
weeks  before  in  Kew  Gardens,  and  increased 
•on  12  March  (the  Prince  died  20  March) 
by  coming  very  warm  from  the  House  of 
Lords  with  the  windows  of  his  chair  down. 
The  first-named  work  goes  on  to  say  : — 

"He  had  been  previously  ill  for  some  months, 
from  an  abscess  formed  in  the  thorax,  in  consequence 
of  a  blow  from  a  cricket  bail  during  a  match 
played  at  Cliefden,  near  Maidenhead-bridge.  No 

unpleasant    result  was  at  first  feared but  the 

•complaint finally  put  an  end  to  his  existence 

by  the  bursting  of  the  abscess,  as  already  stated." 

The  '  Chronological  Historian  '  says  : — 

"  He  had  been  in  a  declining  state  for  some  time  ; 
about  two  years  before,  he  received  a  hurt  in  his 
breast  by  a  fall,  others  say  by  the  stroke  of  a 
cricket  ball,  and  was  judged  too  weak  to  bear 
bleeding  ;  he  was  therefore  blistered,  and  thought 
to  he  out  of  danger." 

The  story  of  an  injury  in  the  cricket  field 
appears  to  have  received  acceptance,  though 
the  accounts  are  not  quite  the  same. 

W.  B.  H. 

Various  accounts  of  the  cause  of  the 
Prince's  death  are  given.  Fox  wrote  to  Sir 
Charles  Hanbury  Williams  that  the  injury 
was  "  of  long  standing,  due  to  blow  or  fall." 
Another  account  says  it  took  place  after 
"  hurt  done  him  by  a  fall  at  trap  ball,  full 
two  years  ago  at  Clifden "  (Cliveden). 
The  '  D.N.B.'  says  death  was  caused  by 
"  the  bursting  of  an  abscess  which  had  been 
formed  by  a  blow  from  a  tennis  ball." 

The  General  Advertiser,  22  March,  1750, 
says  : — 

"  His  body  was  open'd  yesterday,  and  there  was 
found  a  large  abscess  formed  upon  the  lungs,  which 
burst,  and  is  supposed  to  be  the  immediate  cause 
of  his  death." 

See  also  Walpole's  'George  II.,'  2nd  ed., 
1847,  vol.  i.  pp.  71-2,  in  which  curious  details 
are  given. 

The  above  statements  appear  to  suggest 
that  whether  the  accident  was  from 
<i  cricket  ball  or  a  tennis  ball,  it  was  not 
considered  sufficiently  serious  at  the  time, 
and  was  therefore  not  specially  recorded. 
Tho  serious  symptoms  developed  later, 
just  before  death  supervened. 

A.  L.  HUMPHREYS. 

187,  Piccadilly,  W. 

S<><>  Dr.  Doran's  '  Princes  of  Wales,' 
]>.  489,  and  Barbara  Finch's  *  Princesses  of 
Wales,'  vol.  iii.  pp.  2,  3.  W.  SCOTT. 


See  Huish's  '  Memoirs  of  George  III.,' 
1821,  pp.  54-5,  for  an  account  of  the  illness 
and  post-mortem.  W.  H.  PEET. 

CONGDON'S  '  PLYMOUTH  TELEGRAPH  '  (11  S. 
i.  188,  314).— Mr.  K.  N.  Worth  in  his  '  History 
of  Plymouth '  observes  that  The  Western 
Morning  News  absorbed  "  the  oldest  Devon- 
port  paper,  the  Telegraph,  established  in 
1808  "  ;  and  one  would  like  to  know  more 
of  the  birth,  history,  and  absorption  of  a 
newspaper  which  seems  to  have  had  a  sepa- 
rate existence  for  half  a  century. 

Meantime,  it  is  of  semi-association  with 
this  subject  to  note  that  it  was  recorded  in 
The  Times  of  23  December,  1805,  that 

"  the  erection  of  telegraphs  from  London  to  Ply- 
mouth is  carrying  on  with  the  greatest  dispatch. 
It  is  supposed  they  will  be  completed  by  the  end  of 
March.  It  is  in  contemplation  to  complete  a  chain 
of  them  to  Fal mouth." 

Perhaps  some  further  particulars  are 
available  in  this  regard  also. 

ALFRED  F.  ROBBINS. 

"  MENDIANT,"  FRENCH  DESSERT  (11  S. 
ii.  268,  333). — According  to  Larousse,  the 
four  species  of  dessert  fruit  were  popularly 
named  after  the  mendicant  friars  on  account 
of  the  colour  of  the  costume  worn  by  each 
order.  Thus  grapes  represented  the  dark 
shade  of  the  Augustinians  ;  figs,  the  grey, 
actually  brown,  of  the  Franciscans,  or  Grey 
Friars  ;  almonds,  the  drab  of  the  Domini- 
cans ;  and  nuts,  the  brown  of  the  Carmelites. 
This  distribution  will  form  a  rider  to  ST. 
S  WITHIN' s  reply.  N.  W.  HILL. 

16,  St.  Andrew  Street,  Holborn,  E.G. 

LOVELL  FAMILY  (11  S.  ii.  329,  373).— 
Sir  Thomas  Lovell,  M.P.  for  Midhurst  in 
1553,  was  not  a  descendant  of  Henry  Lovell 
of  Harting,  Sussex,  who  died  in  1501.  He 
was  probably  the  Sir  Thomas  Lovell  of 
Harling,  Norfolk,  who  was  knighted  in  1553, 
and  died  in  1567.  Sir  Thomas  was  the 
eldest  son  of  Sir  Francis  Lovell  (d.  1550)  of 
Barton  Bendish,  Norfolk  ;  and  Sir  Francis 
was  the  adopted  son  and  heir  of  his  uncle, 
Sir  Thomas  Lovell,  K.G.,  who  in  1485, 
being  then  M.P.  for  Northamptonshire,  was 
elected  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons, 
and  created  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  for 
life.  He  fought  at  Bosworth  Field,  and  was 
a  staunch  adherent  of  Henry  VII.  He 
afterwards  appears,  with  Sir  Kichard  Emp- 
son  and  Edmund  Dudley,  as  taking  an 
active  part  in  the  king's  policy  of  extortions. 
He  was  the  fifth  son  of  Sir  Ralph  Lovell  of 
Barton  Bendish,  and  was  possibly  a  near 
relative  of  Henry  Lovell  of  Harting. 


436 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  NOV.  26, 1010. 


The  Lo veils  of  Norfolk  bore  Argent,  a 
chevron  azure  between  three  squirrels  gules. 
Henry  Lovell  of  Harting  bore  the  same 
arms  (with  a  mullet  for  difference,  indicating 
a  third  son),  so  that  it  is  clear  he  belonged 
to  the  Norfolk  Lovells.  He  married  before 
1478  Constance,  one  of  the  two  daughters 
and  coheiresses  of  Nicholas  Hussey  of 
Harting  (the  other  daughter,  Katherine, 
was  the  wife  of  Sir  Reginald  Bray).  Their 
family  consisted  of  one  son,  Richard  Lovell, 
who  d.s.p.,  and  two  daughters :  Agnes, 
married  to  John  Empson  (probably  the 
younger  son  of  Sir  Richard  Empson)  ;  and 
Elizabeth,  who  was  first  married  to  Sir 
Edward  Bray  (nephew  of  Sir  Reginald 
Bray),  from  whom  she  was  divorced  ;  and 
secondly  to  Sir  Anthony  Windsor,  a  brother- 
in-law  of  Edmund  Dudley. 

In  1553  the  manor  of  Midhurst  belonged 
to  Sir  Anthony  Browne  (created  Viscount 
Montague  in  1554),  who  resided  there,  at 
Cowdray  Park.  His  maternal  grandfather, 
Sir  John  Gage,  K.G.  (d.  1556),  owned  large 
estates  in  Norfolk,  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  Barton  Bendish  ;  and  Sir  Anthony's 
brother-in-law,  Sir  Henry  Ratcliffe,  Earl  of 
Sussex,  came  of  a  Norfolk  family,  long 
settled  at  Attleborough  in  that  county, 
quite  near  to  Harling.  This  perhaps  may 
account  for  Sir  Thomas  Lovell  being  selected 
to  represent  Midhurst  in  Parliament. 

ALFRED  T.  EVERITT. 

Portsmouth. 

SAMUEL  WESLEY,  1766-1837  (11  S.  ii. 
349). — In  '  The  Psalmist,'  to  which  your 
correspondent  incidentally  refers,  are  many 
tunes  composed  expressly  for  that  work 
by  Samuel  Wesley.  I  do  not  know  when 
this  book  was  first  published.  My  edition 
is  dated  1853.  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

In  Brown's  '  Biographical  Dictionary  of 
Musicians,'  Paisley,  1886,  a  list  of  Samuel 
Wesley's  compositions  is  given.  A  few  are 
also  named  in  Baptie's  *  Musical  Biography  ' 
(London,  W.  Morley).  Two  of  his  hymn 
tunes  are  included  in  the  Presbyterian 
'  Church  Hymnary.'  W.  S.  S. 

HERB-WOMAN  TO  THE  KING  (11  S.  i.  265 
373  ;    ii.    256,    312,    377).—  M.   F.   Johnston 
('  Coronation  of  a  King,'  1902,  8vo)  states  on 
pp.    117-18,    describing   the    Coronation    of 
James  II.  : — 

"The  processiou  was  very  magnificent,  and  was 
headed  by  the  hereditary  Herbwomen  [sic]  and  six 
young  ladies,  who  carried  baskets  containing 
flowers,  which  they  strewed  in  the  path." 


As  I  write,  I  have  not  Sandford's  '  History  * 
(whence  these  particulars  are  probably 
drawn)  to  refer  to,  but  I  think  that  it  must 
be  "herbwoman,"  and  not  in  the  plural. 
A.  Taylor's  'Glory  of  Regality,'  1820, 
8vo,  makes  no  mention  of  this  office,  which 
I  am  inclined  to  regard  as  a  customary 
appointment  at  each  Coronation,  rather 
than  as  an  hereditary  office. 

JOJIN  HODGKIN. 


BEAVER-LEAS  (11  S.  ii.  263,  311,  391).— 
When  I  said  that  the  A.-S.  leak  could  not 
be  represented  by  -lac,  the  context  shows 
that  I  was  speaking  of  Middle  -  English 
spelling,  as  found  in  the  Inquisitiones  post 
Mortem,  to  which  I  refer.  But  I  can  believe 
that  the  suffix  -lac  might  be  improperly  sub- 
stituted for  the  A.-S.  leak  in  such  Norman- 
ized  spelling  as  is  found  in  Domesday  Book, 
which  frequently  travesties  English  sounds 
in  a  strange  manner.  It  is  seldom  safe  to 
trust  that  record,  valuable  as  it  is,  unless 
we  have  some  English  spellings  beside  it, 
to  help  to  interpret  it.  The  thirteenth- 
century  spellings  found  in  purely  English 
documents  are  of  great  service  in  this  respect. 

The  Inquisitiones  post  Mortem  gives  the 
form  Beverlac  as  well  as  Beverley  ;  but  it 
does  not  give  Fiuelac  or  Helmeslac,  only 
Fiweley,  Fynelay  (misprint  for  Fyueley),  and 
Helmesley,  in  which  the  Norman  would 
sometimes  drop  the  initial  H. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S- 
ii.  388).— The  lines  given  by  MR.  JAMES 
KNOX  are  from  '  Paradise  Lost,'  Book  V. 
620-24.  The  first  line  is 

Mystical  dance,  which  yonder  starry  sphere ; 
and  "  makes  intricate  "   should  be   "  mazes 
•ntricate."  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

LADIES  AND  UNIVERSITY  DEGREES  (11  S. 
ii.    247,    358,    395).— The   Royal   University 
of   Ireland   was   not   the   first   British   Uni- 
versity to  open  its  degrees  to  women.     That 
honour  belongs  to  the  University  of  London. 
In   1878  the   Senate  and  Convocation  of 
the  L^niversity  of  London  decided  to  apply 
for  a   supplemental   charter,   making  every 
degree  of  the  University  accessible  to  both 
sexes  alike  on  absolutely  equal  terms, 
charter  was  granted,  and,  had  the  University 
then    possessed    the    power    of    conferring 
j  honorary  degrees,  no  doubt  some  royal  lady 
•  would  have  become  the  first  lady  graduate 
1  in     the     United     Kingdom.     However,     in 
June,  1879,  no  fewer  than  51  ladies  matt 
culated    at    London,    many    of   whom    pro- 
ceeded to  degrees  in  the  usual  course. 


ii  s.  ii.  NOV.  26,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


437 


On  17  January,  1882,  convocation  passed 
a  resolution  that  "  female  graduates  be 
admitted  to  convocation."  They  thereby 
became  possessed  of  full  University  privileges, 
but  not  of  the  "  vote  "  at  the  University 
election  for  Parliament. 

I  will  send  later  the  names  of  the  first 
batch  of  lady  graduates  of  London,  if  the 
inquirer  wishes  it. 

B.  WHITEHEAD,  B.A.Lond. 

2,  Brick  Court,  Temple. 

In  1895  a  supplementary  charter  was 
granted  to  the  University  of  Durham 
enabling  that  body  to  grant  degrees  to 
women.  On  28  September  in  that  year 
the  degree  of  Bachelor  in  Music  was  con- 
ferred on  Marian  Ursula  Arkwright  after  the 
examination  required  ;  and*on  21  June,  1898, 
that  of  Bachelor  in  Letters  on  Mary  Hannah 
Gibson.  Frances  Jane  Lambton  had  the 
degree  of  B.A.  conferred  20  June,  1899. 

J.  T.  G. 

Durham. 

OTFORD,  KENT  :  PEBHIBB  AND  BELLOT 
(11  S.  ii.  329,  378).— The  solution  of  this 
puzzle  given  by  MB.  PIEBPOINT  is  the  same 
as  that  at  which  I  had  independently 
arrived,  except  that  I  cannot  agree  in  his 
opinion  that  "  Jary  "  stands  for  January. 
If  the  same  rules  are  applied  which  hold 
good  for  the  rest  of  the  entry,  the  date  must 
be  July  the  31st,  1719. 

If  the  month  was  July,  the  date  would 
be  1719  according  to  both  the  legal  and 
historical  year.  F.  W.  READ. 

I  made  the  same  discovery  as  MB.  PIEB- 
POINT has  done  ;  but  why  does  he  exclude 
the  date  ?  I  take  it  that  "  Jary  "  means 
July,  not  January.  C.  S.  JEBBAM. 

MB.  PIEBPOINT' s  interpretation  is  correct. 
Many  similar  conclusions  have  reached  me. 
The  marriage  is  recorded  in  the  register  of 
th<>  adjoining  village  of  Shoreham  as  having 
taken  place  on  28  July  (not  31),  1719. 

Moreover,  on  examining  the  page  more 
closely  I  find  a  cipher  squeezed  into  a 
corner  which  agrees  essentially  with  that  of 
MR.  PIEBPOINT.  The  entry  is  in  a  book  of 
assessments,  and  was  obviously  intended  as 
Ji  joke.  C.  HESKETH. 

Otford,  Kent. 

CANONS,  MIDDLESEX  (11  S.  ii.  328,  374, 
394). — The  statement  quoted  by  W.  B.  H. 
that  the  stained-glass  windows  of  the  private 
Hiapel  went  to  Great  Malvern  is  incorrect. 
All  the  fittings  of  the  chapel,  the  paintings 


by  Verrio,  and  the  windows  of  painted,  not 
stained  glass,  executed  by  Price,  were  bought 
by  Lord  Foley,  and  may  now  be  seen  in 
Great  Witley  Church,  Worcestershire,  which 
was  rebuilt  to  contain  them.  This  church 
was  elaborately  restored  by  the  late  Lord 
Dudley.  S. 

To  the  list  of  names  of  occupiers  of  Canons 
given  by  MB.  HITCHIN-KEMP  at  p.  374 
should  be  added  that  of  John  Francklin 
(died  1595).  Francklin' s  gravestone  in  Whit- 
church  Churchyard  is  still  to  be  seen.  The 
memorial,  an  altar  tomb,  has  been  restored, 
and  the  inscription  runs  :  "  Here  lyeth 
buryed  the  body  of  John  Francklin  of 
Cannons,  who  being  above  63  departed 
this  life  the  xth  day  of  February  Anno 
Domini  1595."  F.  S.  SNELL. 

GODFBEYS  AT  WESTMINSTEB  SCHOOL  (11  S. 
ii.  389). — William  Duncan  Godfrey  was  no 
doubt  Sir  William  Duncan  Godfrey,  Bt.,  of 
Kilcoleman  Abbey,  co.  Kerry.  The  baron- 
etcy was  created  in  1785,  Sir  William  being 
the  third  to  inherit  the  title.  He  married 
Mary  Theresa,  second  daughter  of  John 
Coltsman,  Esq.,  of  Flesk  Castle,  Killarney. 
His  death  took  place  in  1873.  W.  S.  S. 

GORDONS  AT  WESTMINSTEB  SCHOOL  (11  S. 
ii.  389). — William  Gordon,  s.  Adam  of 
Lambeth,  Surrey,  arm.  ;  Brasenose  Coll., 
Oxon.,  matric.  8  April,  1812,  aged  17  ;  of 
Haffield,  co.  Hereford,  High  Sheriff  1829; 
died  5  Oct.,  1836  ;  gave  plate  to  College 
1816. 

William  Gordon,  s.  Charles  of  St.  Maryle- 
bone,  London,  arm.  ;  Exeter  Coll.,  Oxon., 
matric.  16  Dec.,  1813,  aged  21  :  B.A.  1817. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

If  G.  F.  R.  B.  will  consult  '  The  House  of 
Gordon,'  now  being  edited  by  Mr.  J.  M. 
Bulloch  for  the  New  Spalding  Club,  he  may 
possibly  find  information  about  some  of  the 
Gordons  mentioned.  Two  volumes  have 
already  appeared,  but  the  work,  being  both 
comprehensive  in  plan  and  minute  in  detail, 
has  not  yet  been  completed.  W.  S.  S. 

AVIATION  :  DEATHS  OF  PIONEEB  AIBMEN 
(11  S.  ii.  385). — It  seems  somewhat  strange 
that  the  name  of  Mr.  Percy  Pilcher  should 
be  omitted  from  the  list. 

A  memorial  is  about  to  be  erected  to  him 
near  the  spot  where  he  met  his  death  on 
30  September,  1899,  in  Stanford  Park, 
through  which  runs  the  boundary  line  of 
the  counties  of  Northampton  and  Leicester. 
Lord  Braye  of  Stanford  Hill  has  recently 


438 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      tn  s.  n.  NOV.  26,  mo. 


issued  an  appeal  for  subscriptions  wherewith 
to  erect  a  pillar  in  the  park. 

From  an  account  of  the  accident  I  gather 
the  following  particulars.  Mr.  Pilcher,  who 
was  a  personal  acquaintance  of  Mr.  Hiram 
Maxim,  had  studied  aviation  for  a  number 
of  years,  and  had  previously  made  successful 
flights  with  the  machine  on  which  he  was 
killed. 

"  It  resembled  a  great  eagle,  the  two  wings  being 
covered  with  about  170  feet  of  sailcloth,  and  the 
tail  or  rudder,  with  its  sails,  was  fixed  about  two 
feet  from  the  body  of  the  machine.  The  frame  was 
made  of  bamboo,  with  innumerable  wires,  like  the 
ribs  of  an  umbrella.  The  specially  constructed 
motor  by  which  the  inventor  proposed  to  raise  the 
machine  had  not  yet  been  fixed,  and  the  machine 
was  made  to  soar  by  being  drawn  with  a  cord  bv  men, 
or  a  horse,  in  a  similar  manner  to  a  kite.  On  the 
fatal  Saturday,  Mr.  Pilcher  succeeded  in  reaching 
an  altitude  of  between  30  and  40  feet  when  a  sudden 
gust  of  wind  caught  the  machine.  One  of  the  stays 
gave  way,  and  the  whole  of  the  apparatus  collapsed, 
and  came  down  Math  a  thud.  Mr.  Pilcher  died  at 
3  o'clock  on  Monday  morning  without  regaining 
consciousness." 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

SAINT'S  CLOAK  HANGING  ON  A  SUNBEAM 
(11  S.  ii.  309,  357).— The  story  is  told  of  St. 
Chad  in  Leland's  '  Collectanea,'  i.  2,  "  ex 
libro  autoris  incerti  nominis,  sed  monachi, 
ut  colligo,  Petroburgensis  "  ;  also  in  Gunton's 
*  Peterborough,'  p.  3,  on  the  authority  of 
"  Walter  of  Wittlesea,  an  ancient  monk  of 
Peterburgh."  No  such  author  appears  in 
the  '  D.N.B.'  The  sunbeam  story  is  not 
to  be  found  under  St.  Chad  in  the  '  Nova 
Legenda  Anglise,'  nor  in  the  Bollandists' 
'  Acta  SS.,'  nor  in  the  Breviaries. 

J.  T.  F. 

Durham. 

Another  story  to  the  same  effect  is  told 
of  one  Utto,  who,  having  been  made  priest 
of  a  Bavarian  village,  preferred  the  life  of  a 
hermit,  and  therefore  left  his  people  to 
take  care  of  themselves,  and  built  him  a 
hermitage  not  far  from  the  bank  of  the 
Danube,  to  the  west  of  Deggendorf.  He  is 
said  to  have  amused  himself 

"with  sundry  curious  pranks,  amongst  which  was 
the  rather  difficult  one  of  hanging  his  axe  upon  a 
sunbeam  !  Charlemagne,  hunting  in  the  neighbour- 
hood, caught  the  holy  hermit  in  the  fact,  and, 
astonished,  as  well  he  might  be,  by  so  extraordinary 
a  performance,  promised  to  grant  him  any  boon  he 
might  be  pleased  to  ask.  Utto  requested  that  a 
convent  might  be  built  on  the  spot,  and  Kloster- 
Metten  was  erected  at  the  command  of  Charle- 
magne." 

WALTER  JERROLD. 
Hampton-on-Thames. 


GREEK  HISTORY  WITH  ILLUSTRATIONS 
!  (11  S.  ii.  228).— Perhaps  the  book  described 
may  be  an  abridgment  of  the  '  Vetus  Graecia 
Illustrata  '  of  Ubbo  Emmius,  a  Dutch  his- 
torian and  professor.  The  work  was  pub- 
lished at  Leyden,  1626,  in  3  vols.  or  parts, 
only  the  second  part  being  devoted  to  history. 

w.  s.  s. 

MATTHEW  ARNOLD  ON  NINETEENTH-CEN- 
TURY ELOQUENCE  (US.  ii.  229,  318,  376).— 
Arnold's  lecture  on  '  Emerson,'  in  his 
'  Discourses  in  America,'  leads  one  to  think 
that  he  considered  Emerson's  "  the  most 
eloquent  voice  of  our  century." 

G.  W.  E.  R, 

'  THE    ANNALS    OF    ENGLAND  '  :     W.    E. 
FLAHERTY  (US.  ii.  289,  354). — There  is  a 
notice    of    Flaherty    in    Boase's     '  Modem 
English  Biography,'  vol.  i.  (1892),  col.  1066. 
RALPH  THOMAS. 

JANE  AUSTEN'S  DEATH  (US.  ii.  348,  397). 
— The  details  of  Jane  Austen's  illness  and 
death  quoted  by  correspondents -in  reply  to 
my  query  do  not  bring  us  any  nearer  ascer-. 
taining  the  precise  nature  of  her  malady, 
which  is  the  sole  object  of  my  inquiry.  I 
had  hoped  that,  from  the  symptoms  recorded, 
a  medical  opinion  might  have  been  elicited, 
as  has  been  done  in  the  case  of  other  eminent 
writers,  notably  of  Hume.  He,  it  may  be 
remembered,  suffered  from  a  mysterious 
internal  disorder  and  decline,  unattended 
with  much  suffering,  and  used  humorously 
to  complain  that  his  doctor  could  not  give 
it  a  Greek  name.  Modern  medical  know- 
ledge has,  however,  diagnosed  it  as  cancer. 

In  Jane  Austen's  case,  although  tho 
disease  appears  to  have  been  a  form  of 
decline,  no  allusion  whatever  was  made  to 
its  being  consumption  either  by  herself  or 
those  about  her.  Had  it  been  so,  it  would 
surely  have  been  recognized  and  so  de- 
scribed even  in  the  state  of  medical  practice 
at  that  time  ;  and  her  favourite  niece,  who 
has  so  much  of  interest  to  say  of  her  aunt, 
would  have  said  that  "  Aunt  Jane  died  of 
consumption."  But  the  niece  did  not  say 
so  ;  and  Jane's  nephew,  her  earliest  bio- 
grapher, who  as  a  young  man  was  present 
at  her  funeral,  arid  would  at  least  hear  the 
nature  of  her  illness  mentioned,  or  on  becom- 
ing her  biographer  would  do  his  best  to 
ascertain  it,  vaguely  describes  it  as  "  an 
inward  malady."  If  the  disease  were 
tubercular,  it  does  not  appear  to  have  bei-u 
of  the  usual  kind  of  the  lungs  ;  and  as  a 
family  the  Austens  were  remarkably  healthy, 


n  s.  ii.  NOV.  26, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


439 


except  that  Jane  and  her  brother  Henry 
were  subject  to  "  bilious  fever."  Has  Mr. 
Lyford,  her  medical  attendant,  left  any 
papers  behind  him  which  might  allude  to  the 
case  ?  G.  B.  M. 

The  inference  that  the  novelist  died  of 
consumption — by  which  we  understand 
pulmonary  tuberculosis — seems  to  me  to 
require  the  support  of  more  evidence  than 
has  been  adduced  in  the  columns  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
A  century  ago  the  terms  "  consumption " 
and  "  decline  "  were  used  loosely  for  any 
wasting  disease  which  doctors  did  not  under- 
stand ;  and  they  knew  little  about  the 
course  or  treatment  of  such  disorders  as 
diabetes  and  Bright' s  disease,  either  of 
which  seems  to  me  quite  ^s  likely  to  be 
indicated  in  this  case  as  tuberculosis. 

E.    RlMBAULT    DlBDIN. 


The  Political  History  of  England. — Vol.  VI.  The 
History  of  England  from  the  Accession  of 
Edward  VI.  to  the  Death  of  Elizabeth  (1547-1603). 
By  A.  F.  Pollard.  (Longmans  &  Co.) 

PROP.  POLLARD'S  volume  brings  to  a  successful 
conclusion  the  scheme  of  twelve  volumes  edited  by 
Dr.  William  Hunt  and  Dr.  Reginald  Poole.  The 
set  will  be  of  the  greatest  use  to  serious  students 
of  the  national  history,  for  every  volume  shows 
independent  thought  and  research,  as  well  as 
mastery  of  the  complicated  strands  which  make 
up  the  fabric  of  history.  It  is  only  of  recent  years 
that  adequate  sources  have  been  open  for  research, 
and  there  are  still  a  few  gaps  in  important  docu- 
ments. But  generally  it  may  be  said  that  the 
distinguished  contributors  have  as  experts  been 
fully  aware  of  the  resources  at  their  command, 
and  have  successfully  struggled  with  the  difficulty 
of  saying  in  a  limited  space  all  that  ought  to  be 
said.  ' 

Prof.  Pollard,  following  the  excellent  custom 
of  his  predecessors,  takes  a  wide  view  of  politics 
which  allows  him  to  devote  a  chapter  to  '  The  Age 
<>f  Shakespeare.'  The  Church  is  at  this  period 
bound  up  with  royal  ambitions,  and  the  reader 
will  find  a  judicious  appraisal  of  the  religious 
difficulties  of  the  age.  We  believe  that  Prof. 
Pollanl  is  right  in  his  view  of  the  attitude  of  Queen 
Elizabeth  towards  marriage  (p.  181).  The  ex- 
amination of  her  political  methods  strikes  us  as 
particularly  thoughtful  and  well-balanced.  It  is 
odd,  but  probably  true,  that  her  favourite  minis- 
ter Cecil  had  none  of  that  enterprise  which  was  the 
great  mark  of  the  time.  The  two  in  combination 
were  certainly  "  adepts  in  the  craft  and  caution  re- 
quired to  restrain  the  exuberance,  and  to  neutralize 
the  risks,  of  too  adventurous  impulses."  It  i^ 
rightly  added  that  Cecil  was  "  a  protestant  of  real 
piety  and  upright  conversation,"  for  his  asceticism 
delivered  him  from  the  need  of  those  funds  which 
many  a  courtier,  and  man  of  letters,  too,  found  it 
Necessary  to  securely  discreditable  means. 


It  is  as  well  to  add  that,  though  Prof.  Pollard's 
narrative  is  fortified  by  abundant  foot-notes  and 
inspired  by  a  wide  erudition,  his  style  is  by  no 
means  dull.  He  has  a  good  sense  of  illuminating 
quotation,  and  on  occasion  indulges  in  telling 
brevities. 

The  whole  corpus  of  volumes  is  one  which,  as- 
we  said  before,  we  view  with  admiration.  It  is  a. 
monument  of  capable  and  excellent  history,  and 
one  the  more  to  be  valued  as  it  appears  in  an  age 
when  the  superficial  rechauff  4  gains  credit  with  the 
half-educated. 

A  Dictionary  of  the  Characters  in  the  Waverley 
Novels  of  Sir  Walter  Scott.  By  M.  F.  A.  Hus- 
band. (Routledge  &  Sons.) 

BUT  for  a  mistake  of  policy  in  its  plan,  we  should 
welcome  a  volume  of  reference  which  would 
deserve  a  wide  circulation,  since  we  do  not  believe 
in  the  dominance  of  the  superior  person  who 
indicates  that  he  does  not  mean  to  read  or  can  no 
longer  read  Scott,  and  generally  adds  reasons  on 
hearsay  which  are  inadequate. 

The  industry  of  the  compiler,  who  has  brought 
together  2,836  characters,  including  37  horses  and 
33  dogs,  is  worthy  of  all  praise.  But  we  regret  to- 
add  that  the  usefulness  of  the  work  is  seriously 
reduced  by  the  absence  of  references  to  the  chap- 
ters in  which  the  characters  occur.  The  majority 
of  readers  or  searchers  surely  want  some  exact- 
ness in  this  sort  of  detail.  For  instance,  to  tell  us. 
that  the  Earl  of  Both  well  occurs  in  '  The  Abbot/ 
and  give  no  hint  of  the  part  of  the  book  in  which 
he  figures,  is  rather  a  futile  proceeding.  If  the 
addition  of  such  help  Avould  mean  an  Encyclopaedia,, 
and  not  a  Dictionary,  we  can  only  say  that  we 
prefer  the  former. 

THE  articles  in  The  Edinburgh  Revieiv  for  October 
are,  as  usual,  sound,  but  somewhat  solid  fare. 
Amusement  is,  however,  judiciously  combined 
with  instruction  in  the  paper  on  '  Academical 
Oratory,'  which  means  the  Latin  orations  of 
University  officials  chosen  to  speak  on  festal 
or  official  occasions.  The  humour  of  Dr.  W.  W. 
Merry,  for  years  a  delightful  speaker,  is  justly 
recognized,  and  we  may  expect  some  years  hence 
a  collection  of  equal  wit  and  urbanity  from  his 
successor,  Mr.  A.  D.  Godley.  It  is  somewhat 
surprising  to  find  an  article  devoted  to  the  '  Philip 
van  Artevelde'  of  Henry  Taylor.  'The  Copy- 
right Question  '  is,  on  the  other  hand,  one  of 
current  importance,  and  the  discussion  of  the  pro- 
posed changes  ably  done.  '  Eastern  Art  and 
Western  Critics '  suggests  that  there  are  limits; 
to  the  Oriental  inspiration  which  some  regard 
as  necessary  to  vitalize  Western  ideals.  An 
article  on  '  The  English  Clergy  in  Fiction  '  should 
not  be  missed,  and  deals  mainly  with  six  novelists- 
from  Jane  Austen  to  Mrs.  Humphry  Ward. 
Perhaps  the  writer  hardly  realizes  sufficiently  the 
change  in  the  social  position  of  the  clergy  in 
modern  days — a  change  d\ie  to  the  facts  that 
Fellows  of  Colleges  now  seldom  take  livings,  as 
they  used,  and  aspiring  tradesmen  or  people 
of  the  same  grade  seek  to,  make  their  sons  "  gentle- 
men "  by  means  of  making  them  clergy.  There- 
is,  too,  the  advent  of  the  Christian  Socialist  to  be- 
considered,  with  the  decay  of  the  old  Tory  parson.. 
It  is  the  business  of  novelists  generally  to  carica- 
ture the  weak  points  of  the  clergy ;  and  the- 
dramatist  is  still  more  unfair  in  this  respect. 


440 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  n.  NOV.  20, 1910. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — NOVEMBER. 

MR.  BERTRAM  DOBELL'S  Catalogue  190  contains 
Ackermann's  Poetical  Magazine,  24  out  of  the  28 
parts,  in  original  wrappers,  1809-11,  61.  6s.  ; 
.and  Ainsworth's  '  Tower  of  London,'  first  edition, 
1840,  7Z.  10s.  From  the  library  of  Charles  Kean 
is  an  album  of  portraits,  61.  15s.  Under  America 
is  much  of  special  interest,  including  a  manu- 
script copy  of  General  Murray's  journal,  1759—60, 
beginning  from  the  surrender  of  Quebec,  211. 
Under  Beaumont  and  Fletcher  is  the  first  collected 
edition,  folio,  original  calf,  rebacked,  fine  clean 
copy,  1647,  40Z.  ;  also  '  The  Wild-Goose  Chase,' 
1652,  121.  12s.  Under  Boccaccio  is  a  large  copy 
of  '  The  Tragedies  gathered  by  Ihon  Bochas,'  no 
date  (1558),  25Z.  Under  Coronations  is  a  collec- 
tion of  engravings  from  Richard  I.  to  George  IV., 
9Z.  9s.  There  is  a  list  under  Cruikshank.  Under 
Drayton  is  the  '  Poly-Olbion,'  original  calf,  1622, 
21Z.  There  are  first  editions  of  Dryden,  and 
works  of  the  Grolier  Club.  Under  Hakluyt  is 
'  The  Historie  of  the  West-Indies,'  circa  1620,  a 
fine  copy  in  original  vellum  wrapper,  35Z.  There 
is  a  set  of  The  Rambler,  31.  10s.,  besides  works 
from  the  Kelmscott  Press.  Under  Macaulay's 
New  Zealander  are  '  Poems  by  a  Young  Nobleman 
of  Distinguished  Abilities  lately  Deceased,'  1780, 
51.  5s.  The  poems  were  written  by  the  second 
Lord  Lyttelton.  The  title-page  mentions  "  par- 
ticularly the.  State  of  England,  and  the  once 
flourishing  City  of  London,  in  a  letter  from  an 
American  traveller,  dated  from  the  ruinous 
portico  of  St.  Paul's  in  the  year  2199."  George 
Meredith  items  include  the  rare  original  edition 
of  the  '  Poems,'  with  author's  inscription,  1851, 
''321.  We  are  able  to  name  only  these  few  items 
out  of  this  very  interesting  Catalogue. 

Mr.  William  Glaisher's  Supplementary  Cata- 
logue of  Remainders  includes  '  Delane  of  "  The 
'Times,"  '  by  Arthur  Dasent,  2  vols.,  7s.  6d.  ; 
'  The  Bible  in  Art,'  2  vols.,  4to,  12s.  ;  '  The 
Dor6  Bible,'  2Z.  5s.  ;  '  The  British  Empire,'  5  vols., 
lls.  6d.  ;  Inchbold's  '  Lisbon  and  Cintra,'  with 
•coloured  plates,  4s.  ;  Lewine's  'Bibliography  of 
Eighteenth-Century  Art,'  8s.  ;  Maurice's  '  Franco- 
German  War,'  9s.  6d.  :  the  Astolat  Press  Milton, 
large  4to,  12s.  ;  Schillings's  '  In  Wildest  Africa,' 
2  vols.,  9s.  ;  Cheyne's  'Book  of  Psalms,'  2  vols., 
4:8.  6d.  ;  and  Harrison's  '  Memorable  Paris 
Houses,'  Is.  3d. 

Messrs.    Maggs     Brothers'     Catalogue  .260    is 

•  devoted  to  Engraved  Portraits  by  Eighteenth  and 
Early  Nineteenth  Century  Artists,  and  contains 

.32  illustrations,  that  facing  title  being  the 
Countess  Gower  and  her  daughter  after  Lawrence, 
40Z.  American  historical  portraits  include  three 
of  Washington,  one  full-length  in  military  costume 
after  Peel  by  Val.  Green,  75Z.  There  is  Goldsmith, 
after  Reynolds,  75Z.,  besides  portraits  of  Fox,  Pitt, 
Garrick,  Wellington,  and  Nelson.  Napoleon  on 
the  Bellerophon,  after  Eastlake,  is  40Z.  Among 
portraits  of  Johnson  is  one  after  Reynolds,  50Z. 
Other  portraits  are  of  .Marshal  Ney,  Addison, 
Major  Andre,  Lord  North,  Thomas  Paine,  White- 
field,  and  Cromwell.  Among  singers  and  actresses 
are  Mrs.  Abington,  Mrs.  Baddeley,  Mrs.  Billing- 
ton  (after  Reynolds,  36Z.),  Kitty  Clive,  Nell 

•  Gwyn,  Mrs.  Sheridan  as  St.  Cecilia  (after  Reynolds, 
27Z.  10s.),  and  Mrs.  Woffington  in  the  character  of 
Mrs.  Ford,  75Z. 


Mr.  Frank  Murray's  Derby  List  235  is  a  clearance 
catalogue  of  books  at  one  shilling  each. 

Messrs.  Simmons  &  Waters  of  Leamington  Spa 
send  two  lists,  Nos.  249  and  250.  The  former  is 
devoted  to  Old  Engravings,  Oil  Paintings,  Glass 
Pictures,  and  Baxter  Prints,  and  there  is  a 
selection  of  cheap  portraits. 

The  latter  is  a  short  catalogue  of  books.  We 
note  Smith's  '  Catalogue  Raisonne,'  with  42 
photogravure  plates  added,  9  vols.,  cloth,  equal 
to  new,  1908,  2Z.  5s.  ;  Godwin's  '  Lives  of  the 
Necromancers,'  crimson  morocco,  1Z.  5s.  ;  and 
the  Library  Edition  of  Goldsmith,  4  vols.,  new 
half-calf,  1806,  1Z.  12s.  6d.  Boswell's  '  Johnson,' 
4  vols.,  1824,  illustrations  by  Malone,  and  '  John- 
soniana,'  extra-illustrated  with  222  portraits  and 
views,  together  5  vols.,  new  half -morocco  by 
Morrell,  are  5Z.  5s.  There  is  also  Napier's  edition 
with  Johnsoniana,  5  vols.,  cloth,  1884,  2Z.  5s., 
besides  '  Johnson  and  Mrs.  Thrale,'  by  Broadley 
and  Seccombe,  1909,  8s.  Interesting  items  will 
be  found  under  London. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


FREDERICK  HOWARD  COLLINS. — F.  Howard 
Collins,  author  of  'An  Epitome  of  the  Synthetic 
Philosophy  of  Herbert  Spencer  '  and  of  the 
'  Authors'  and  Printers'  Dictionary,'  died  at 
Torquay  on  the  16th  inst.,  at  the  age  of  53. 
When  at  Cambridge  I  heard  from  a  leading 
mathematician  that  Mr.  Collins  was  an  unwearied 
compiler  of  indexes,  and  saw  that  to  Prof.  Cayley's 
lengthy  volumes  which  he  had  prepared. 

FRANCIS    P.    MARCHANT. 

Mr.  Howard  Collins  had,  unfortunately,  suffered 
from  ill-health  for  several  years,  having  had  to 
leave  London  on  this  account,  but  he  did  not  allow 
his  weakness  to  prevent  him  from  working. 
He  was  the  ideal  of  a  contributor  to  '  N.  &  Q.,' 
having  a  passion  for  accuracy,  while  his  interests 
ranged  from  the  correct  use  of  English  to  yachting. 
His  '  Authors'  and  Printers'  Dictionary'  was 
originally  issued  in  1905  as  '  Author  and  Printer.' 

JOSEPH  FRANK  PAYNE,  M.D.,  Fellow  and 
Harveian  Librarian  of  the  Royal  College  of 
Physicians,  who  also  died  on  the  16th  inst.,  was 
an  occasional  contributor  to  our  columns,  down  to 
10  S.  xii.  133.  There  is  a  long  notice  of  him 
in  The  Times  of  the  18th  inst. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
fco  "  The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries '  "—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers " — at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

A.  F. — Forwarded. 

F.  D.  HYTCH  ("  There  is  so  much  bad  in  the 
best  of  us  ").— See  10  S.  iv.  168  ;  v.  76  ;  viii.  508. 

J.  E.  N.,  Brooklyn  ("  All  right,  De  Sauty  ").— 
Anticipated  by  an  authoritative  correspondent  at 
home,  ante,  p.  396. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  3, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


441 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  3,  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  49. 

NOTES  :— The  Rev.  Richard  Chapman  :  '  Feu  de  Joye,'  441 
—Sir  Richard  Browne,  Lord  Mayor,  443— Puttenham  and 
George  Gascoistne,  444— Charles  Verral— Early  Beefsteak 
Club  — William  Mears,  Bellfounder  —  Duels  between 
Clergymen,  445— Glamis  Castle  Mystery— Waller :  Myra  : 
Godfrey  — Sir  Thomas  Palmer  — Nankin  Porcelain  in 
England— How  the  Cuckoo  Dies— "Whom"  as  Subject, 
446. 

QUERIES  :—  "Tenement-house "  —  "  Artibeus "  —  Dennis's 
'  Letters  on  Milton  and  Congreve '—  Governor  Hunter  of 
New  York— Eumaeus  and  Homer— Ulysses,  "the  Scapin 
of  epic  poetry  " — Napoleon  and  the  Little  Red  Man,  447 — 
Napoleon's  Five-Franc  Pieces— Military  Corps  of  Ladies 
— Scissors  and  Jaws— Dorothy  Vernon's  Elopement  — 
Chyebassa— Bristow  Cowsway— Mayney  Family— Poor 
Souls'  Light,  448— Fifield  Allen— J.  Ashton— C.  Fraiser— 
Sir  W.  Trelawny— Elizabeth  Woodville  and  the  Kings  of 
Cologne— Royal  Tombs  at  St.  Denis— James  II. 's  Corpse 
at  St..  Germain-en-Laye— Authors  Wanted— "  Classicly," 
449—'  Young  Folks,'  1870-76— Christian  Symbolism— Trout 
Family,  450. 

BEPLIES  :  —  Municipal  Records  Printed,  450  —  Women 
carrying  their  Husbands  —  Motto  of  1851  Exhibition— 
Gower  Family,  452 -"Oorali"— Wellington,  Blucber,  and 
Benecke— Queen  Elizabeth's  Day— Inscriptions  in  City 
Churches  —  Lincoln's  Inn  Vines— Puns  on  Payne,  453— 
Basil  the  Great— "  Rallie-papier  "— Charles  II.  Statue  in 
the  Royal  Exchange,  454  —  "  Dumraie-Daws  "—  German 
Spelling—"  Opusculum  "—Hanover  Chapel,  Peckham,  455 
— Bishop  Luscombe— "  Moving  Pictures  "  in  1709— Oatcake 
and  Whisky  as  Eucharistic  Elements,  456— Knights  of 
Malta  in  Sussex  —  Henry  of  Navarre  and  the  Three- 
Handled  Cup— "Smouch"— John  Brooke,  457  — James 
Fea— Watermarks  in  Paper— King  Harald  the  Gold  Beard 
—  Hall's  '  Chronicle '  — "  Yellow-Backs  ":  "  The  Parlour 
Library,"  458. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:-1  The  Literature  of  the  Victorian 
Era'—'  British  Place-Names.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THE 


REV.    RICHARD   CHAPMAN  : 
'LE  FEU  DE  JOYE.' 


SOME  months  ago  P.  C.  G.  of  Calcutta  asked 
(11  S.  i.  169)  for  information  as  to  the  source 
and  authorship  of  the  doggerel  inserted  by 
Macaulay  in  his  essay  on  Addison.  The 
lines  run  :  — 

Think  of  two  thousand  gentlemen  at  least, 
And  each  man  mounted  on  his  capering  beast  ; 
Into  the  Danube  they  were  pushed  by  shoals. 

The  passage  is  quoted  by  Macaulay  as  an 
instance  of  the  deplorable  badness  of  the 
Whig  poems  which  had  been  written  on 
Marlborough's  victory  at  Blenheim.  Com- 
positions like  these  forced  his  colleague 
Sidney  Godolphin  to  seek  for  a  poet  more 
worthy  of  the  occasion.  Henry  Boyle  was 
therefore  instructed  to  mount  "  three  pair 
<}f  stairs"  to  Addison's  garret  over  a  shop 


in  the  Haymarket.  The  result  was  the 
garreteer's  poem  of  '  The  Campaign '  and 
his  rise  into  fortune  and  fame. 

Six  editions  of  Macaulay's  essay  with 
illustrative  notes  have  been  published.  I 
looked  at  them  to  see  the  manner  in  which 
these  lines  were  treated.  Five  of  these 
commentators — C.  Sheldon  (1894),  Arthur 
Burrell  (1901),  C.  F.  McClumpha  (1904), 
C.  W.  French  (1907),  and  C.  E.  Hadow 
(1907) — pass  them  over  in  silence.  Mr. 
R.  F.  Winch,  in  his  edition  of  1898,  candidly 
says  : — 

"  I  have  not  succeeded  in  tracing  the  name  of 
this  absurd  poem  or.  of  its  author  :  if  any  of  my 
readers  should  be  more  successful  I  hope  that 
he  or  she  will  kindly  let  me  know  ;  perhaps  it 
was  an  anonymous  ballad." 

The  same  note  appears  in  substance  in  his 
subsequent  edition  (1905)  of  the  essay. 
Mr.  F.  C.  Montague  in  his  volumes  of  Macau- 
lay's  *  Critical  and  Historical  Essays  '  pens 
the  note  :  "I  have  not  been  able  to  trace 
the  poem  from  which  these  lines  are  taken.'4 

Macaulay  knew  the  lines  from  their 
inclusion  in  a  letter  dated  17  May,  1793,  from 
William  Cowper,  the  poet,  to  Thomas  Park, 
the  poetical  antiquary.  It  is  printed  in 
Southey's  edition  of  Cowper's  works,  vii. 
330-32.  where  Macaulay  would  light  upon 
it,  and  in  Wright's  edition  of  Cowper's 
letters,  iv.  404 ;  but  in  neither  instance 
is  the  quotation  traced.  The  letter  is  very 
interesting.  The  poet  was  engaged  upon  his 
translation  of  Homer,  and  Park,  a  not  in- 
frequent correspondent  of  his,  suggested  to 
him  that  he  should  avail  himself  of  the 
version  of  his  predecessor  George  Chapman. 
Cowper's  answer  gives  the  clue  to  the  author- 
ship of  these  burlesque  lines.  He  says  : — 

"  I  have  never  seen  Chapman's  translation  of 
Homer,  and  will  not  refuse  your  offer  of  it, 
unless,  by  accepting  it,  I  shall  deprive  you  of  a 
curiosity  that  you  cannot  easily  replace.  The 
line  or  two  which  you  quote  from  him,  except  that 
the  expression  a  well-icriiten  soul  has  the  quaint- 
ness  of  his  times  in  it,  do  him  credit..  He  cannot 
surely  be  the  same  Chapman  who  wrote  a  poem, 
I  think  on  the  battle  of  Hochstadt,  in  which, 
when  I  was  a  very  young  man,  I  remember  to 
have  seen  the  following  lines  : — 

Think  of  two  thousand  gentlemen  at  least, 
And  each  man  mounted  on  his  capering  beast ; 
Into  the  Danube  they  were  pnsh'd  by  shoals, 
And  sunk  and  bobb'd,  and  bobb'd  and  sunk,  and 
sunk  and  bobb'd  their  souls. 

These  are  lines  that  could  not  fail  to  impress  the 
memory,  though  not  altogether  in  the  Homerican 
style  of  battle." 

The  letter  first  appeared  in  print  in  The 
Monthly  Mirror,  xvi.  297-8  (1803).  That 


442 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [u  s.  n.  DEC.  3,  mo. 


periodical  belonged  to  Thomas  Hill,  the  very 
old  man  mentioned  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  as  collect- 
ing a  fine  library,  and  gathering  around  him 
many  of  the  wits  of  the  day.  Park  seems 
to  have  been  his  right-hand  man  in  acquiring 
books  and  in  directing  the  magazine.  He 
appends  to  the  letter  a  foot-note  that  a  copy 
of  Chapman's  poem  was  in  Hill's  library, 
and  gives  the  title-page  as  follows  : — 

"  La  [sic]  feu.  de  joye ;  or,  a  brief  description  of  two 
most  glorious  victories  obtained  by  her  Majesty's 
forces  and  those  of  her  allies  over  the  French  and 
Bavarians  in  July  and  August,  1704,  at  Schellen- 
burgh  and  Blainheim  near  Hocksted  ;  under  the 
magnanimous  and  heroick  conduct  of  his  Grace 
the  Duke  of  Marlborough.  A  poem.  By  a  British 
Muse.  London,  1705."  4to. 

The  lines  given  by  Cowper  are  then 
corrected  into  the  proper  reading  : — 

Suppose  four  thousand  gentlemen  at  least, 
And  each  man  mounted  on  his  cap'ring  beast, 
Should  at  an  instant  in  a  body  roll 
And  plunge  into  the  deep  their  violent  soul. 

*  *  *  * 

Whole  shoals  together  sink  and  scream  in  shoals, 
And  bob  and  sink  and  bob  and  sink  their  souls. 

Park  gives  another  ludicrous  passage  : — 
One  body  flying  to  the  woods  for  fear, 
Thirty  battalions  were  imprison' d  there  ; 
As  many  squadrons  to  the  Danube  pusht, 
Dy'd  its  black  streams  with  blood,  and  so  were 

husht. 

Where  can  a  copy  of  this  production  be 
seen  now  ?  During  the  last  six  months 
I  have  made  many  inquiries  about  it,  but 
without  success.  It  is  not  to  be  found  in 
the  libraries  of  the  British  Museum,  Bodley, 
Cambridge  University,  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, Christ  Church,  Oxford,  Sion  College, 
Lambeth  Palace,  Chichester  Cathedral,  West- 
minster Chapter,  or  in  the  Royal  Library  at 
Windsor.  Mr.  C.  R.  Rivington,  the  clerk 
of  the  Stationers'  Company,  informs  me 
that  it  is  not  entered  in  its  Register. 

"  The  Licensing  Act  expired  at  the  end  of  the 
previous  century ,  and  the  Copyright  Act  of  Queen 
Anne  did  not  come  into  force  until  1710,  and 
in  the  interval  few  books  were  registered." 

Will  other  librarians  with  old  collections 
of  books  in  their  charge  kindly  search  for  it  ? 

The  next  question  that  arises  in  the  mind 
is,  Who  was  the  Chapman  that  composed 
this  whimsical  piece  ?  I  have  no  doubt  that 
it  was  the  work  of  the  Rev.  Richard  Chap- 
man, Vicar  of  Cheshunt.  Like  Cowper's 
father,  he  was  a  Whig  clergyman,  beneficed  in 
Hertfordshire.  He  must  have  sent  to  the 
rectory  of  Great  Berkhampstead  a  copy  of 
his  poetical  masterpiece,  and  the  rector's 
son  must  often  have  seen  it  on  the  shelves 
of  his  father's  library  and  have  ascertained 
the  name  of  the  author.  Cowper  would  not 


have  been  acquainted  with  the  authorship, 
had  it  been  the  work  of  some  hack-writer  of 
London,  and  the  quoted  lines  are  substan- 
tially in  agreement  in  style  with  those  of 
Chapman's  acknowledged  rimes. 

Chapman's  father  was  Roger  Chapman, 
the  pushing  and  opulent  attorney  of  Newport 
Pagnell.  With  his  accumulations  of  wealth 
he  purchased  the  adjoining  manors  of 
Sherington  and  Caldecot,  which  on  his  death 
passed  to  his  eldest  son  Thomas.  The  estate 
of  Great  Linford  also  became  his  property, 
and  this  went  to  his  daughter  Mrs.  Taylor. 
Roger  died  on  15  February,  and  was  buried 
on  17  February,  1702/3  ;  and  by  the  kind- 
ness of  the  Rev.  Frederick  B.  Gummere,  tha 
present  Vicar  of  Newport  Pagnell,  I  am 
enabled  to  print  the  following  transcript  of 
a  tablet  in  the  south  aisle  of  the  church  : — 

"  Here  ly  interr'd  ye  severall  bodys  of  Roger 
Chapman,  Esqr,  Rebecca  his  wife,  and  Felicia 
their  daughter,  who  died  on  the  days  and  in  the 
yeares  under  writen  :  Rebecca  dyed  ye  25th  of 
April,  1697  ;  Felicia,  who  was  married  to  capt* 
Ja.  Dumas,  dyed  ye  31  of  Decr,  1698  ;  and 
Roger  dyed  ye  15  of  Feb.  1702  [1702/3]." 

The  name  of  Roger  Chapman  often  appears 
in  the  history  of  Newport  Pagnell  in  con-' 
nexion  with  its  old  charities.  It  was  his 
ambition  to  found  a  family.  His  eldest  son, 
Thomas,  matriculated  from  Christ  Church, 
Oxford,  on  5  December,  1679,  when  aged  16, 
and  became  a  barrister-at-law  of  the  Inner 
Temple  in  1687.  On  17  July,  1682,  he 
obtained  a  licence  to  marry  Elizabeth  Good- 
man of  St.  Andrew's,  Holborn,  spinster. 
He  sat  in  Parliament  for  the  borough  of 
Buckingham  from  1710  to  1714/15  ;  and 
represented  Amersham  from  27  October, 
1722,  to  17  July,  1727.  His  death  is  said 
to  have  been  in  1735. 

The  younger  son  Richard  had  to  make 
his  way  in  the  world.  So  he  matriculated 
from  Wadham  College,  Oxford,  on  1  Decem- 
ber, 1680,  as  the  son  of  Roger  Chapman, 
pleb.,  aged  15,  being  baptized  at  Newport 
Pagnell  on  7  March,  1664/5.  But  he  soon 
migrated  to  Christ  Church,  where  he  ob- 
tained a  studentship,  and  graduated  B.A. 
1684,  M.A.  1687.  -In  1684  he  was  incor- 
porated at  Cambridge. 

On  the  nomination  of  James   Cecil,   the 

fourth  Earl  of  Salisbury,  he  was  instituted 

on    19    August,    1689,    to    the    vicarage    of 

Cheshunt  in  Hertfordshire,  and  he  held  that 

living    for    the    rest    of    his    days.     Bishop 

Willis  is  said  to  have  been  his  curate  for  some 

I  time.     In  1709  he  was  made  Prebendary  of 

i  Ferring  in  the  Cathedral  Church  of  Chiches- 

'  ter,  and  that  preferment  also  he  held  until 

death.     According    to    the    parish    register 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  3, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


443 


of  Cheshunt,  he  died  there  on  7  August, 
1734,  and  was  buried  on  11  August.  His 
wife  Mary  died  at  Cheshunt  on  3  September, 
1727,  and  was  buried  on  8  September.  A 
commission  was  granted  to  his  son,  the  Rev. 
Richard  Chapman,  by  the  Consistory  Court 
of  London,  on  29  November,  1734,  to 
administer  his  affairs. 

Chapman's  printed  productions  were 
many.  They  comprised  : — 

1.  The  providence  of  God  asserted  and  main- 
tained, a  thanks-giving  day  sermon,  3  Dec.,  1702, 
for  the  victory  "  obtained  by  the  great  triumvir 
of  this  nation!"     1703. 

2.  The    necessity    of     repentance     asserted,    a 
fast-day  sermon,  26  May,  1703.      1703. 

3.  The  lawfulness  of  war  in  general,  and  justness 
of  the  present,  asserted  in  a  sermon  preached  at 
Cheshunt   7    Sept.,    1704    [thanksgiving   day   for 
Blenheim].     1704. 

4.  La  [sic']  feu  de  joye.     [Anon.]     1705. 

5.  Publick  peace  ascertain' d,  with  some  cursory 
reflections  upon  Dr.  Sacheverel's  two  late  sermons, 
thanksgiving   day    sermon,   22     Nov.,    1709,    for 
victory  near  Mons.     1709. 

6.  Britannia  rediviva,  an  heroic  poem.     1714. — 
A  fulsome  eulogy  on  the  king  who  had  not  yet 
landed  on  English  soil.     The  following  lines  are  a 
fair  sample  of  it  : — 

Thy  presence  strikes  all  Anti-monarchs  mute, 
Nay,  Jus  divinum  now  bears  no  dispute. 

It  was  satirized  in  '  An  elegy  on  the  heroic  poem 
lately  publish'd  by  the  vicar  of  Cheshunt.  By 
Chapmanno-Wiskero.  1715.'  "  What  var'ous 
Poems  has  thy  Wit  display 'd,"  is  his  exclamation 
on  Chapman.  The  Vicar's  doom  was  "  To 
write  no  more,  and  always  stay  at  home." 

7.  Great  Kings  the  care  of  heaven,  with  some 
seasonable    advice    to    the    female    sex,    thanks- 
giving day  sermon,  7  June,  1716,  for  the  suppres- 
sion of  the  late  unnatural  rebellion.     1716. 

8.  New  year's  gift,  being  a  seasonable  call  to 
repentance ....  in    a    poem     moral     and     divine. 
17:U. — A  long  descant  on  the  sins  of  the  age. 
When  David  confessed  his  sins, 

his  oracle  this  Answer  gives  : 
Pursue,  Pursue,  thy  foe  no  longer  lives. 
On  this  the  Prince  bestrides  his  warlike  steed, 
And  with  his  Cuirassiers,  pursues  with  speed. 

Chapman  well  deserves  the  attribution  of 
the  dullest  theologian  and  worst  poetaster 
of  his  time. 

Some  of  the  above  particulars  I  have 
gathered  from  Foster,  '  Alumni  Oxon.'  : 
Clutterbuck,  'Herts,'  ii.  112;  Gardiner, 
'  Registers  of  Wadham  Coll.,'  i.  329.  I  am 
indebted  for  further  information  to  the  Rev. 
Fox  Lambert,  Vicar  of  Cheshunt,  and  Mr. 
Falconer  Madan  of  the  Bodleian  LibrRry. 
Various  gentlemen  connected  with  the 
libraries  which  I  have  enumerated  have 
kindly  responded  to  my  inquiries. 

W.  P.  COURTNEY. 


SIR    RICHARD    BROWNE,    BT., 
LORD  MAYOR  1660-61. 

THIS  personage,  the  well-known  Presby- 
terian general,  was  a  Woodmonger  when. 
elected  Alderman  of  London  (June,  1648), 
and  Merchant  Taylor  when  elected  (October, 
1660)  Lord  Mayor.  He  must  therefore 
have  been  admitted  to  the  latter  Company 
between  these  dates,  and  it  is  virtually 
beyond  question  that  he  was  the  "  Richard 
Browne,  son  of  Richard  Browne,  late 
Merchant  Tailor,  deceased,  admitted  into 
the  freedom  of  this  Company  by  patrimony  " 
on  10  December,  1656  (Merchant  Taylors' 
Company  Presentment  Book  1652-62}. 

The  only  other  Richard  Brownes  ad- 
mitted to  the  freedom  of  the  Company 
between  1645  and  1660  were  (1)  "son  of 
Thomas  Browne  of  Sudbury,  co  Gloucester," 
and  (2)  "  son  of  Robert  Browne,  late  of 
Ripon,  yeoman." 

G.  E.  C.  in  his  '  Complete  Baronetage  ' 
(vol.  iii.  p.  92)  says  that  the  Lord  Mayor 
was  the  "  son  of  John  Browne,  otherwise 
Moses,  of  Wokingham,  Berks,  and  of  London, 
by  Anne,  daughter  of  John  Beard  of  Woking- 
ham." In  giving  this  parentage  he  follows 
the  editor  of  The  Genealogist,  vol.  iii.  p.  377, 
who  quotes  Stow  (ed.  Strype,  Book  V.  p.  146). 
The  'Visitations  of  London,  1633,  1634, 
1635  '  (Harleian  Soc.),  vol.  i.  p.  115,  gives  the 
genealogy  thus  : — 

Richard  Browne  of  Ockingham,  Berks. 

John  Browne,  alias  Moses,=pAnn,  dau.  of 


of  Ockingham  and 
London. 

John  Beard 
of 
Ockingham. 

John       Richard  Browne,= 
Browne.       alias  Moses, 
of  London, 
Lord  Mayor  1634. 

^Bridget,  dau.  of  Robert 
Brian  of 
Henley-upon-Thames. 

Richard  Browne,  eldest  son 
and  heir  apparent. 

I  cannot  think  that  the  Merchant  Taylors' 
records  are  wrong  in  naming  Browne's 
father  Richard.  Is  it  possible  that  it  was  the 
Lord  Mayor's  father  who  was  the  son  of 
Anne  Beard,  and  husband  of  Bridget  Brian  ? 
He  may  have  been  a  Woodmonger  in  1634 
(as  his  son  was  in  1648),  and  have  died  (as 
indeed  is  probable)  between  1634  and  1656. 
Messrs.  Overall  ('  Remembrancia,'  p.  199) 
give  the  father's  name  as  Richard  ("  Richard 
Browne,  alias  Moses"),  but  do  not  state 
their  authority.  ALFRED  B.  BEAVEN. 


444 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [ii  s.  IL  DEC.  3, 1910. 


PUTTENHAM'S    '  ARTE    OF    ENGLISH 
POESIE  '  AND  GEORGE  GASCOIGNE. 

(Concluded  from  p.  364.) 

"  EROTEMA,  OB  THE  QUESTIONER,"  is  a  kind 
of  figurative  speech,  when  we  ask  a  question 
and  look  for  no  answer  ;  and  the  definition 
reminds  one  of  a  story  told  by  Bacon  in 
his  *  Apophthegms,'  although  in  this  case 
the  questioner  meant  to  answer  himself, 
and  not  to  leave  his  question  to  shift  for 
itself  :— 

"  Mr.  Houland,  in  conference  with  a  young 
student,  arguing  a  case,  happened  to  say,  '  I 
would  ask  you  but  this  question.'  The  student 
presently  interrupted  him  to  give  him  an  answer. 
Whereunto  Mr.  Houland  gravely  said  ;  '  Nay, 
though  I  ask  you  a  question,  yet  I  did  not  mean 
you  should  answer  me,  I  mean  to  answer  my- 
self.' " 

Two     lines     from     Gascoigne     illustrate 
Erotema,   and    Puttenham   introduces   them 
(Arber,     p.    220)    with    the     remark,     "  as 
another  wrote  very  commendably  "  : — 
Why  strive  I  with  the  streame,  or  hoppe  against 

the  hill, 
Or  search  that  never  can  be  found,  or  loose  my 

labour  still  ?  '  Weedes,'  p.  370. 

In  the  next  page  (221)  six  lines,  slightly 
altered  from  the  '  Weedes,'  show  us  an 
example  of  "  Ecphonisis,  or  the  Outcry," 
and  in  this  case  the  poet  is  named  as  well  as 
commended  : — 

"Or  as  Gascoigne  wrote  very  passionatly  and 
well  to  purpose. 

Ay  me  the  dayes  that  I  in  dole  consume, 
Alas  the  nights  which  witnesse  well  mine  woe  : 
O  wrongfull  world  which  makest  my  fancie  fume, 
Fie  fickle  fortune,  fie,  fie  thou  art  my  foe  : 
Out  and  alas  so  froward  is  my  chance, 
No  nights  nor  daies,  nor  worldes  can  me  avance." 

P.  367. 

Two  passages  from  '  Dan  Bartholomew  of 
Bathe  '  come  under  "  Sinathrismus,  or  the 
Heaping  figure."  pp.  243-4,  which  is  known 
amongst  our  vulgar  as  "  piling  on  the 
agony,"  a  kind  of  speech  which  gains  force 
and  vehemence  as  it  goes  along,  and  throws 
Ossa  upon  Pelion.  In  these  cases  Gascoigne 
is  held  up  as  a  pattern  for  imitation  : — 
To  muse  inminde  how  faire,  how  wise,  how  good, 
How  brave,  how  free,  how  curteous  and  how  true, 
My  Lady  is  doth  but  inflame  my  blood. 

Or  thus, 

I  deeme,  I  dreame,  I  do,  I  tast,  I  touch, 
Nothing  at  all  but  smells  of  perfit  blisse. 

Pp.  103-4. 

Although  Ben  Jonson  possessed  a  copy  of 
Puttenham' s  book,  he  does  not  seem  to  have 
profited  by  the  author's  advice  under 
"  Histeron  proteron,  or  the  Preposterous," 


a  form  of  speech  which  puts  the  cart  before 
the  horse.  And  Chapman,  too,  is  a  great 
offender  in  this  respect,  but  designedly  so, 
for  he  makes  a  point  of  bringing  in  his  fools 
with  speeches  that  always  leave  the  horse 
behind  the  cart.  And  I  have  no  doubt  he 
was  thinking  of  Puttenham  when  he  caused 
Strozza  in  '  The  Gentleman  Usher,'  Act  I. 
sc.  i.,  to  nickname  Pogio  "  Hysteron  Pro- 
teron." But  for  the  particular  form  in 
which  Jonson  offends,  and  which  will  be 
easily  recognized  in  the  line  I  shall  quote 
from  Puttenham,  the  latter  has  nothing 
but  censure.  Misplacing,  he  says,  is  always 
intolerable,  and  it  may  be  done  either  by 
a  single  word  or  by  a  clause  of  speech  ; 
by  a  single  word  thus  : — 

And  if  I  not  performe,  God  let  me  never  thrive. 

Arber,  p.  262. 

"  Not  performe  "  should  be  "  performe  not." 
Puttenham  is  so  free  with  his  alterations 
that  it  is  sometimes  difficult  to  recognize 
whom  he  is  quoting  ;  and  therefore  it  is 
possible  that  he  may  have  been  quoting  the 
following  from  memory  : — 
Which  if  I  not  perfourme,  my  life  then  let  me  leese* 
'  The  Adventures  of  Master  F.  J.,'  p.  414, 

That  the  critic  would  not  hesitate  to 
make  such  a  radical  alteration  in  a  writer's 
verse  is  proved  by  his  next  quotation  from 
Gascoigne,  which  is  dealt  with  quite  .as 
freely,  in  Arber,  p.  198,  where  Puttenham 
cites  the  following  as  a  good  example  of 
mixed  "  Allegoria,  or  the  Figure  of  false 
semblant  "  : — 

The  cloudes  of  care  have  coured  all  my  coste, 
The  stormes  of  strife,  do  threaten  to  appeare  : 
The  waves  of  woe,  wherein  my  ship  is  toste. 
Have  broke  the  banks,  where  lay  my  life  so  deere. 
Chippes  of  ill  chance,  are  fallen  amidst  my  choise , 
To  marre  the  minde  that  ment  for  to  rejoyce. 

Gascoigne  reads  thus  : — 
A  Cloud  of  care  hath  covred  all  my  coste, 
And  stormes  of  strife  doo  threaten  to  appeare  : 
The  waves  of  woo,  which  I  mistrusted  moste, 
Have  broke  the  bankes  wherein  my  life  lay  cleere  : 
Chippes  of  ill  chaunce,  are  fallen  amyd  my  choyce , 
To  marre  the  mynd,  that  ment  for  to  rejoyce. 
'  The  Adventures  of  Master  F.  J.,'  p.  400. 
The  last  bit  of  Gascoigne  that  I  have  been 
able  to  trace  in  Puttenham  is  taken  from  the 
tract  just  quoted,  p.  394,  and  is  cited  as  an 
example    of    "  Epanodis,    or    the    figure    of 
Retire,"    Arber,    p.     229.     Puttenham    has 
made  three  alterations,  which  may  be  passed 
by  without  remark  : — 

Love  hope  and  death,  do  stirre  in  me  much  strife, 
As  never  man  but  I  lead  such  a  life  : 
For  burning  love  doth  wound  my  heart  to  death  : 
And  when  death  comes  at  call  of  inward  grief, 


ii  B.  11.  DEC.  3,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


445 


Cold  lingring  hope  doth  feede  my  fainting  breath  : 
Against  my  will,  and  yeelds  my  wound  relief, 
So  that  I  live,  and  yet  my  life  is  such : 
As  never  death  could  greeve  me  halfe  so  much. 

In  conclusion,  it  interested  me  very 
much  to  find  that  Puttenham  in  his  book 
has  made  use  of  Gascoigne's  little  treatise 
on  the  making  of  verse  entitled  '  Certayne 
Notes  of  Instruction,'  &c.,  written  at  the 
request  of  Master  Eduardo  Donati.  Portions 
of  the  tract  reappear  in  '  The  Arte  of  English 
Poesie  '  almost  in  Gascoigne's  own  words, 
and  some  of  Puttenham' s  illustrations  were 
copied  from  the  same  source. 

CHAELES  CRAWFORD. 


CHARLES  VERRAL  of  ^eaford,  medical 
practitioner  and  minor  poet,  was  inquired 
after  at  2  S.  ii.  109  and  3  S.  iv.  289,  but 
without  success.  He  was  author,  as  stated 
at  the  second  reference,  of  '  The  Pleasures  of 
Possession,'  a  poem,  published  1810,  and 
of  '  Servius  Tullius  '  and  '  Saladin,'  plays, 
both  of  which  were  performed  in  public, 
at  Covent  Garden  and  Drury  Lane  re- 
spectively, and  printed  in  a  volume  of 
'  Poems.'  He  contributed  to  the  local 
newspapers,  and  wrote  an  article  on  *  Sea- 
ford  as  Anderida '  for  Horsfield's  '  History 
of  Sussex.'  He  was  a  friend  of  Clio  Rick- 
man  (both  being  natives  of  the  same  parish, 
the  Cliffe,  Lewes),  and  the  latter  pub- 
lished his  two  volumes,  besides  having  sug- 
gested, we  are  told,  his  chief  poem.  Verral 
is  said,  also,  to  have  invented  the  "  prone 
couch,"  and  to  have  been  instrumental  in 
founding  one  of  the  Orthopedic  Hospitals. 
He  is  the  subject  of  a  laudatory  article,  '  The 
Sussex  Country  Doctor,'  in  Fleet's  '  Glimpses 
of  Our  Ancestors  in  Sussex,'  2nd  ed.,  which, 
however,  is  very  vague  as  to  matters  of 
fact,  and  nearly  devoid  of  genealogical 
information. 

As  far  as  I  have  gathered,  he  was  a  son 
of  Henry  Verral  of  the  Cliffe  aforesaid, 
surgeon  (himself  the  pseudonymous  author 
of  a  volume  of  poems  entitled  'Fugitive 
Scraps,'  by  "Old  A.Z.,"  published  at 
Lewes,  1820),  and  was  born  in  1778.  He  is 
described  as  M.D.,  but  I  have  not  traced  the 
authority  for  this.  He  married,  in  1810, 
a  daughter  of  the  Rev.  J.  W.  King,  Rector 
of  Tarrant  Rushton,  Dorset,  who  seems  to 
have  died  early.  Of  his  many  children,  a  son 
and  a  daughter  are  now  living.  Another 
son,  Charles  Verral,  M.R.C.S.,  of  Wey- 
mouth  Street,  an  authority  on  the  spine, 
is  noticed  in  Boase's  '  Modern  English  Bio- 


graphy.' Verral  seems  to  have  had  financial 
losses  (Fleet),  and  left  Seaford,  dying  at 
Camberwell  in  1843. 

I  have  been  unable  up  to  the  present 
to  connect  him  with  either  of  the  principal 
and  extant  Verrall  families  of  Lewes,  namely,, 
that  of  Southover  Manor,  and  that  from 
which  Dr.  A.  W.  Verrall  of  Cambridge,  and 
Mr.  G.  H.  Verrall,  late  M.P.  for  Newmarket, 
besides  many  well-known  people  through 
female  lines,  are  descended.  I  am  always 
glad  to  receive  any  information  concerning 
Verrall  and  Verral  families  of  Lewes  or 
Sussex.  PERCEVAL  LUCAS. 

13,  Warrington  Crescent,  W. 

EARLY  BEEFSTEAK  CLUB. — In  The  Daily 
C  our  ant  for  8  February,  1710,  it  was  recorded 
that, 

"  Monday  being  the  Anniversary  of  Her  Majesty's 
happy  Birth-day,  the  same  was  observ'd  by  the 
honourable  Beef-steaks  Club  with  the  most  dis- 
tinguishing Marks  of  Honour  and  Zeal  for  her 
Majesty.  From  Dinner  till  Evening  a  curious 
Collection  of  Musick  was  perform'd,  and  at  Night 
a  Firework  illuminated  Coyent-Garden  :  The  Motto 
under  the  Feet  of  Her  Majesty,  viewing  a  Handful 
of  Britains  driving  an  Army  of  French,  was,  Anna 
Regina  Virorum,"  &c. 

A.  F.  R. 

WILLIAM  MEARS,  BELLFOUNDER,  1626. — 
In  the  baptismal  register  of  St.  Mary's, 
Nottingham,  occurs  this  entry,  under  date 
19  Nov.,  1626  :— "  Ann  the  daughter  of 
Willy  [am]  Mears,  belfounder."  This  sur- 
name does  not  figure  in  Mr.  Phillimore's 
able  sketch  of  the  Nottingham  bellfounding 
industry,  nor  does  it  otherwise  occur  locally, 
so  far  as  I  am  aware.  Being  unacquainted 
with  the  history  of  the  existing  Whitechapel 
firm,  I  have  wondered  whether  the  above 
William  Mears  may  not  have  been  a  member 
or  ancestor  of  the  family.  A.  S. 

DUELS  BETWEEN  CLERGYMEN. — Are  there 
many  authenticated  cases  of  such  contests  ? 
Sir  Henry  Bate  Dudley's  various  battles  are 
too  well  known  to  cite,  but  I  have  discovered 
two  references  in  The  Lady's  Magazine 
which  seem  to  show  that  clerical  duels  were 
not  uncommon  in  the  eighteenth  century. 

The  first  reports  a  duel  with  pistols,  fought 
on  Thursday,  19  June,  1766,  in  Hyde  Park, 
between  two  clergymen,  one  of  whom  had 
three  fingers  shot  off  (see  p.  717). 

The  second  describes  a  duel  between  the 
Rev.  W.  Allen  and  Lloyd  Dulaney,  fought  in 
Hyde  Park  on  Tuesday,  18  June,  1782,  in 
which  the  latter  was  shot  dead  (see  p.  717), 


446 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  DEC.  3, 1910. 


The  Gent.  Mag.,  Hi.  p.  353  (July,  1782), 
adds  the  information  that  the  Rev.  Bennet 
Allen  was  tried  at  the  Old  Bailey,  and  found 
guilty  of  manslaughter. 

HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

GLAMIS  CASTLE  MYSTERY.  (See  5  S.  iii. 
309,  354,  378  ;  6  S.  iii.  165  ;  vii.  88,  195, 
234  ;  x.  326,  475  ;  x.  35  ;  8  S.  viii.  288  ; 
:9  S.  vii.  288,  312;  10  S.  x.  241,  311.)— 
Amongst  the  above  references  I  find  only 
one  at  all  coinciding  with  a  passage  in  '  Hill 
and  Valley  ;  or,  Hours  in  England  and 
Wales,'  by  Catherine  Sinclair  (London,  1838), 
p.  166:— 

"At  Glamis  Castle  a  tradition  is  told  of  an  apart- 
ment having  once  existed,  where  a  party  played  at 
dice  all  Christmas  day,  till  suddenly  the  aoors  and 
windows  were  supernaturally  closed  up,  and  the 
room  has  never  since  been  found,  though  every 
Christmas  night  the  rattle  of  dice  is  said  to  be  dis- 
tinctly audible." 

Miss  Sinclair  (1800-64)  acted  as  secretary 
for  her  father,  the  well-known  Sir  John 
Sinclair  of  Thurso  Castle,  from  the  age  of 
fourteen  till  his  death  in  1835  (see  'D.N.B.'), 
and  was  no  doubt  conversant  with  the  legends 
of  her  country.  The  passage  seems  notice- 
able as  tending  to  negative  the  more  horrify- 
ing incidents  that  have  been  woven  into  the 
Glamis  tradition  by  fertile  imaginations,  and 
seem  to  have  been  first  heard  of  shortly 
before,  or  about,  1850.  W.  B.  H. 

WALLER  :  MYRA  :  GODFREY. — Written 
upon  the  back  of  the  frontispiece  to  a  copy 
of  "  The  Lively  Oracles  given  to  us.  .  .  .By 
the  Author  of  '  The  Whole  Duty  of  Man,'  &c. 

Oxford,  1678,"  I  find  the  following  lines, 

which  would  seem  to  be  somewhat  out  of 
harmony  with  their  surroundings.     I  present 
them  verbatim  ac  literatim  : — 
In  her  Arcadia's  inocence  we  find 
with  wallers  wit  &  myras  beauty  joyn'd 
when  beautious  Godfrey  walks  in  wallers  grove 
prepare  yr  herts  ye  swains  for  ye  must  love 
E  C 

aug*  the  9th 

1723 

Upon  the  inner  side  of  the  cover  at  the 
end  is  the  signature  "  Elanor  Coopr." 

CHARLES  HIGHAM. 

SIR  THOMAS  PALMER.  —  The  '  D.N.B.' 
says  that  in  1541,  "  wanting  to  secure  a 
special  pension,  he  had  leave  to  come  over 
to  London  to  try  to  secure  it  "  ;  but  it 
does  not  say,  what  is  the  case,  that  this 
leave  was  a  mere  blind,  the  object  being  to 
get  him  into  the  king's  power  without 
exciting  his  suspicions.  On  his  arrival 
in  March  he  was  thrown  into  the  Tower  and 


deprived  of  the  post  of  Knight  Porter  of 
Calais,  a  post  he  had  held  since  about 
October,  1534.  He  remained  in  the  Tower 
over  a  year.  JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 

NANKIN  PORCELAIN  IN  ENGLAND. — A  good 
deal  of  surprise  is  often  expressed  at  the  great 
quantities  of  Oriental  porcelain  in  England. 
The  importation  must  have  been  a  very 
big  affair  with  shipowners  in  the  eighteenth 
century,  for  in  The  General  Evening  Post  of 
28  April-1  May,  1792,  it  was  announced  that 
seven  ships  brought  over  "  16,000  pieces  of 
Nankin  porcelain,"  along  with  cargoes 
of  tea  amounting  to  5,570,648  Ib. 

W.  ROBERTS. 

THE  CUCKOO  :  HOW  IT  DIES. — A  bit  of 
folk-lore  that  is  new  to  me  comes  out  in  a 
review  of  '  Lafcadio  Hearn  in  Japan  '  by 
Yone  Noguchi  : — 

"  Mr.  Noguchi  thinks  that  the  tour  d'ivoire,  to 
which  the  modernity  of  Tokyo  drove  its  shrinking 
professor,  was  an  indispensable  condition  of  his 
maturest  art.  '  I  know,'  he  says,  '  that  writing 
for  him  was  no  light  work  ;  he  wrote  the  books 
with  life  and  blood,  a  monument  builded  by  his 
own  hands.  He  was  like  a  cuckoo,  which  is  said 
to  die  spitting  blood  and  song.  Like  incense  before' 
the  Buddhist  altar,  which  had  to  burn  itself  up, 
he  passed  away.'  " 

ST.    SwiTHIN. 

"WHOM'*  AS  SUBJECT. — The  principle  of 
attraction  seems  to  be  fundamentally 
responsible  for  a  blemish  in  style  which  even 
good  and  careful  writers  do  not  always 
escape.  In  oratory  and  hasty  journalism 
this  lapse  from  accuracy  is,  presumably, 
unpremeditated  and  accidental,  but  it  is 
objectionable  when  it  is  encountered  in  calm 
and  deliberate  prose.  An  illustration  which 
has  just  been  met  in  a  fresh  perusal  of  James 
Payn's  volume  '  Some  Literary  Recollec- 
tions '  furnishes  an  opportunity  for  drawing 
attention  to  the  matter.  In  his  second 
chapter  Payn  states  that  in  his  time  at  Cam- 
bridge he  was  interested  in  a  Mormon  com- 
munity that  existed  in  the  place, 
sometimes  attended  their  chapel,"  he  re- 
marks, "  and  became  acquainted  with  one 
of  their  elders,  whom  I  do  not  think  was  a 
rogue."  In  writing  this  he  failed  to  notice 
that  "  whom "  is  the  subject  of  the  sub- 
stantive verb,  and  that  "I  do  not  think'' 
governs  the  whole  clause,  and  not  the 
relative  only.  Expanded,  the  statement 
becomes,  "  And  I  do  not  think  that  he 
was  a  rogue,"  the  pronoun  thus  being  seen 
to  perform  both  relative  and  substantival 
functions.  "  Who  I  do  not  think  "  sounds 
exceedingly  ill,  especially  when  one  remem- 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  3,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


447 


bers  that  if  rendered  in  Latin  the  expression 
would  infallibly  begin  with  quern.  Only 
then  the  following  verb  would  have  to  be 
juisse,  and  not  fuit.  THOMAS  BAYNE. 

[The  offending  clause  might  easily  have  been 
rendered  "  who  was  not,  I  think,  a  rogue."] 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
bo  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"  TENEMENT  -  HOUSE."  -—  This  means  a 
house  (i.e.,  an  edifice  under  one  roof)  con- 
structed or  adapted  to  be, let  out  in  tene- 
ments, or  dwellings  occupied  by  separate 
tenants.  A  friend  tells  me  that  he  thinks 
the  first  time  he  heard  the  expression  "  tene- 
ment-house "  was  in  connexion  with  the 
Peabody  Trust,  and  he  considers  it  to  be 
of  American  origin.  Will  any  reader  of 
'  N.  &.  Q.'  try  to  find  us  a  quotation  con- 
taining the  word  in  that  connexion  ?  I 
may  add  that  the  relation  between  "  tene- 
ment "  and  "  house  "  in  Scotland  is  exactly 
the  opposite  of  the  English  usage.  In 
Edinburgh  the  large  edifices  in  the  High 
Street,  &c.,  which  contain  dwellings  for 
many  families,  are  called  "  tenements " 
(or  "lands"),  while  each  of  the  portions 
occupied  by  a  separate  tenant  is  his  "  house.'1 
A  "  house  "  in  London  may  contain  numer- 
ous "tenements"  ;  a  "tenement' '  in  Edin- 
burgh may  contain  many  "  houses." 

J.  A.  H.  MURRAY. 

Oxford. 

"  ARTIBEUS  "  :  ITS  ETYMOLOGY. — Will 
you  do  me  the  favour  to  let  me  know  the 
etymology  of  the  word  artibeus  ?  In  case  it 
be  a  compound  word,  which  are  the  com- 
posing elements,  and  to  what  do  they 
belong  ?  DOLORES  PINTADO, 

Faculty  of  Letters  and  Sciences, 
Havana  University. 

DENNIS'S  '  LETTERS  ON  MILTON  AND 
CONGREVE.' — In  the  Catalogue  of  the 
British  Museum  is  included  John  Dennis's 
'  Letters  on  Milton  and  Congreve,'  1696. 
This  volume  seems  to  have  disappeared 
from  the  Museum.  I  wonder  whether  any 
one  of  your  readers  has  a  copy  of  it  or  can 
tell  me  something  about  its  contents. 

H.  G.  PAUL, 

Assistant  Professor  of  English  Literature, 
University  of  Illinois. 


GOVERNOR  HUNTER  OF  NEW  YORK. — 
I  should  be  glad  to  communicate  with  any 
descendants  now  living  of  Robert  Hunter, 
Governor  of  the  American  Colonies  of  New 
York  and  New  Jersey,  1710  to  1720. 

J.  A.  ANDERSON. 

Lambertville,   N.J.,  U.S.A. 

EUMJEUS  AND  HOMER. — The  Rev.  Mr.  L. 
Collins  ('  Odyssey,'  p.  90)  says  that  the 
expression  "  a  gemiine  country  gentleman 
of  the  age  of  Homer  "  is  used  of  Eumaeus  by 
"  one  of  the  most  genial  of  Homeric  critics." 
Who  is  the  critic  referred  to  ?  P.  C.  G. 

ULYSSES,  "  THE  SCAPIN  OF  EPIC  POETRY." 
—  Can  the  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  tell  me 
who  calls  Homer's  Ulysses  "  the  scapin  ol 
epic  poetry "  ?  I  understand  it  is  some 
modern  translator  of  Homer,  but  I  have 
sought  in  vain  to  identify  him.  P.  C.  G. 

Calcutta. 

NAPOLEON  AND  THE  LITTLE  RED  MAN. — 
I  take  the  following  account  from  '  Fifty 
Years'  Recollections,'  by  Cyrus  Redding, 
1858,  vol.  ii.  pp.  67-8  :— 

"The  story  of  the  'Little  Red  Man,'  a  familiar 
demon  of  Bonaparte,  was  revived ....  by  the 
Bourbonists,  if  not  originally  of  their  invention. 
The  ex-Emperor  first  formed  an  intimacy  with  the 
'  Little  Red  Man  '  during  his  exploration  of  one 
of  the  Egyptian  Pyramids,  in  the  centre,  perhaps, 
of  the  room  where  stands  the  sarcophagus  of 
some  renowned  Pharaoh.  Amidst  masses  of  im- 
penetrable granite  Napoleon  held  mysterious 
meetings  with  his  new  friend,  and  as  well  as  the 
ruins  of  Egyptian  Temples  [sic],  in  the  bituminous 
odour  of  Catacombs  not  yet  half  explored,  and 
while  walking  in  the  refulgence  of  the  glowing 
moon  of  a  brilliant  firmament  over  the  ruins  of 
Heliopolis.  After  several  of  these  mysterious 
meetings,  at  the  earnest  solicitation  of  the  '  Little 
Red  Man,'  the  ex-Emperor  gave  way  to  certain 
conditions,  at  a  moment  when  the  promised  ripe- 
ness of  his  designs  overcame  every  other  object 
of  his  mental  vision,  and  he  agreed  to  bestow 
his  lofty  soul  upon  his  nether  mundane  visitor  in 
return  for  their  realization.  The  '  Little  Red 
Man  '  was  also  seen  with  the  Emperor,  by  numbers 
of  persons,  on  the  field  of  battle  about  the  time 
of  his  subsequent  successes.  He  had  been 
observed  walking  up  and  down  outside  the  Con- 
servatory at  St.  Cloud,  when  Napoleon  dissolved 
the  Convention.  At  Marengo,  at  Austerlitz,  and 
on  other  occasions  he  was  present,  but  when  the 
fortune  of  the  Emperor  changed  in  1814,  he 
was  seen  no  more,  having  abandoned  his  friend 
because  Napoleon  violated  the  pledge  he  had 
given  to  a  personage  who  had  obtained  for  him 
all  his  wonderful  successes.  The  '  Little  Red 
Man,'  from  the  colour  of  his  skin,  was  evidently 
of  the  ancient  Egyptian  stock.  At  the  greatest 
of  all  the  Emperor's  victories,  those  in  1796,  he 
had  not  made  the  '  Little  Red  Man's  '  acquain- 
tance, for  he  had  not  then  seen  the  Pyramids. 
Thus  consistent  and  clever  was  the  tale.  It  is 


448 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  n.  DEC.  3 , 1910. 


hardly  credible,  but  true,  that  I  heard  this  story 
argued  upon  as  if  it  were  a  fact,  by  some  of  the 
Bourbon  party.  Everybody  talked  about  it." 

Is  Bedding's  assurance  that  this  was  a 
well-known  story  in  Paris  after  Napoleon's 
fall  corroborated  by  any  contemporary 
publications  ?  HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

NAPOLEON'S  FIVE-FRANC  PIECES. — Re- 
cently I  cut  out  of  a  Canadian  paper  a 
paragraph  saying  that  Napoleon  the  Great 
had  some  millions  of  five-franc  pieces 
minted,  and  to  make  them  popular  he  had 
inserted  in  one  of  the  coins  a  note,  signed 
by  himself,  promising  the  sum  of  5,000,000 
francs  to  the  finder  of  that  particular  coin  ; 
but  so  far  the  coin  has  not  been  discovered, 
nor  has  the  note  yet  been  presented.  The 
French  Government  is  said  to  be  still  ready 
to  pay  the  debt.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
tell  me  if  there  is  any  foundation  for  this 
story  ?  TRUTH-SEEKER. 

MILITARY  CORPS  OF  LADIES,  1803. — The 
Times,  2  August,  1803,  announces  that 
*'  it  has  been  proposed  to  raise  a  Corps  of  Ladies  in 
the  present  exigency  of  the  country,  and  the 
Duchess  of  Gordon  [who  had  taken  such  a 
prominent  part  in  raising  the  Gordon  Highlanders 
ten  years  before],  it  is  said,  has  offered  to  command 
it.  The  names  of  the  other  officers  we  hope  to 
publish  in  the  course  of  a  few  days." 

This  hope  was  not  fulfilled.     Was  the  Corps 
ever  really  founded  ?         J.  M.  BULLOCH. 
118,  Pall  Mall,  S.W. 

SCISSORS  AND  JAWS.  —  Some  men  when 
making  a  continued  use  of  scissors  move 
their  jaws  in  sympathy.  Is  this  at  all 
common  ?  Does  it  occur  among  women  ? 
and  among  such  people  as  tailors  and  paper- 
hangers  ?  W.  C.  B. 

DOROTHY  VERNON'S  ELOPEMENT. — During 
a  recent  sojourn  at  Buxton  I  paid  a  visit  to 
Haddon  Hall,  and  noticed  in  Ward  &  Lock's 
guide-book  to  this  interesting  edifice  the 
following  statement  : — 

"  According  to  tradition  Mistress  Dorothy 
formed  a  secret  attachment  to  John,  afterwards 
Sir  John  Manners,  and,  when  her  father  refused 
to  consent  to  their  union,  eloped  with  him.  The 
Duchess  of  Rutland  has  denied  in  a  magazine 
article  the  truth  of  the  story." 

The  italics  are  mine. 

I  have  been  trying  in  vain  to  ascertain 
which  Duchess  of  Rutland  it  was  who 
questioned  the  authenticity  of  this  interest- 
ing romance,  and  in  what  magazine,  and 
when,  the  article  appeared.  It  certainly 
was  not  from  the  pen  of  the  present  Duchess, 


who  implicitly  believes  the  legend  ;  and  the 
editor  of  the  guide-book  is  unable  to  en- 
lighten me.  Can  any  of  your  readers  supply 
me  with  the  information  ? 

WlLLOUGHBY  MAYCOCK. 

[Dorothy  Vernon's  elopement  was  discussed  at 
considerable  length  in  the  sixth  and  seventh 
volumes  of  the  Tenth  Series.  The  present  query 
relates  to  one  specific  point  connected  with  the 
story.] 

CHYEBASSA  :  ITS  ETYMOLOGY.  —  Could 
any  one  kindly  inform  me  of  the  origin  of 
the  word  "  Chyebassa  "  ?  There  is  at  present 
a  vessel  of  that  name.  Where  is  or  was 
Chyebassa  ?  T.  S. 

BRISTOW  COWSWAY  :  BRIXTON  ROAD. — 
In  '  N.  &  Q.'  for  1885  (6  S.  xii.  469)  appeared 
a  quotation  from  a  pamphlet  of  1631  called 
'  Tom  of  all  Trades,'  in  which  mention  was 
made  of  Bristow  Cowsway.  The  writer 
asked  for  information  as  to  the  origin  of  the 
name  and  for  other  references  to  it. 

In  a  Bristow  pedigree  in  Hoare's  '  History 
of  Wilts,'  vol.  v.,  I  find  it  stated  that  a  John 
de  Burstow  accompanied  the  Black  Prince 
to  France  : — 

"On  his  return  he  repaired  part  of  the  Brixton 
Road  with  stone  at  his  own  expense,  and  for  many 
centuries  it  was  called  Bristowe.  Caus&way" 

Can  other  references  be  given  in  which 
Brixton  Road  is  alluded  to  under  this  name  ? 

G.  H.  W. 

MAYNEY  FAMILY. — Where  can  I  find  a 
good  pedigree  of  the  Mayneys  of  Kent  ? 

1 .  Walter  Mayne  married  at  Willesborough, 
in  1543,  Isabel . 

2.  Reginald  or  Reynold  Keys  married  at 
Newington  -  next  -  Hy the,     in     1570,    Joyce 
Meyney. 

I  should  like  further  particulars  of  these 
two  marriages. 

The  Mayneys  were  related  to  Brent  of 
Willesborough,  and  to  the  Scotts  of  Scots 
Hall  in  the  same  neighbourhood. 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 
Sandgrate. 

POOR  SOULS'  LIGHT  :  "  TOTENLATERNE." 
— At  the  private  Roman  Catholic  church  at 
Postlip,  near  Winchcombe,  there  is  an  open- 
ing high  up  in  the  south  wall  called  "  Poor 
Souls'  Light."  In  Detwang  Church,  near 
Rothenburg,  is  a  curious  window,  low  down 
in  the  south  wall,  into  which  is  built  a  stone 
lantern,  called  "  totenlaterne."  What  pur- 
pose did  these  lights  serve,  and  are  there 
other  instances  of  such  openings  ?  J.  D. 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  3, 1910.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


449 


FIFIELD  ALLEN  (1700  ?-1764),  ARCH- 
DEACON OF  MIDDLESEX. — Whom  and  when 
did  h©  marry  ?  His  -wife  appears  to  have 
died  26  May,  1753.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

JAMES  ASHTON,  son  of  James  Ashton  of 
Woodford,  Essex,  was  at  Westminster 
School  in  1739.  Can  any  correspondent 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  kindly  give  me  further  informa- 
tion about  him  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

CHARLES  FRAISER,  PHYSICIAN  IN  ORDIN- 
ARY TO  CHARLES  II. — I  should  be  glad  to 
ascertain  the  date  of  his  death.  It  is  not 
given  in  the  account  of  him  in  Munk's 
'Roll  of  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians,' 
i.  432.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

SIR  WILLIAM  TRELAWNY,  BT.  (1733  ?- 
1772.) — When  did  he  enter  the  Navy,  and 
what  were  the  dates  of  his  commissions  ? 
The  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  Ivii.  175,  does  not 
give  the  required  information. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

ELIZABETH  WOODVILLE  AND  THE  KINGS 
OF  COLOGNE. — What  is  there  about  Elizabeth 
Woodville's  ancestry  to  connect  her  with  the 
'  Three  Kings  of  Cologne "  (the  Magi)  ? 
I  presume  such  connexion  would  come 
through  the  family  of  her  mother,  Jaquette 
of  Luxembourg,  and  Duchess  of  Bed- 
ford. In  the  pageant  of  welcome  to  Prince 
Edward  (afterwards  Edward  V. )  at  Coventry 
in  1474,  one  of  the  "  Kynges  of  Colen " 
says  : — 
O  splendent  Creator  !  In  all  our  speculacion, 

More  bryghter  than  Phebus,  excedent  all  lyght ! 
We  thre  kyngs  beseche  the,  with  meke  mediacion. 

Specially  to  preserue  this  nobull    prynce,   thi 
knyght, 

W7ich  by  Influens  of  thy  grace  procedeth  aright. 
Of  on  of  vs  thre  lynnyally,  we  fynde, 
His  Nobull  Moder,  quene  Elizabeth,  ys  comyn  of 

that  kynde. 

The  crux  lies,   of  course,  in    the    last    two 
lines.  M.  D.  H. 

ROYAL  TOMBS  AT  ST.  DENIS. — MR.  ALBERT 
HARTSHORNE,  in  his  reply  about  the 
Plantagenet  tombs  at  Fontevrault  (ante, 
p.  390),  makes  reference  to  the  ransacking 
of  the  coffins  of  the  royal  tombs  at 
St.  Denis.  Can  an  English  translation  be 
obtained  of  Alex.  Lenoir's  account  of  this  ? 
If  not,  is  any  English  account  procurable  ? 

B.  H.  A. 

JAMES  II. 's  CORPSE  AT  ST.  GERMAIN- 
EN-LAYE. — The  church  of  St.  Germain-en- 
Laye  contains  the  tomb  of  James  II.  and  a 
simple  white  marble  monument,  erected  by 
George  IV.  It  was  restored  later  by  Queen 
Victoria. 


As  regards  the  finding  of  the  body  of 
James  II.,  The  Gentleman's  Magazine,  1824, 
pt.  ii.  p.  266,  says  : — 

"  A  short  time  ago  the  remains  of  James  II., 
King  of  England,  were  discovered  at  St.  Germains 
by  workmen  employed  in  digging  the  foundation 
of  the  new  church  building  upon  the  site  of  the 
old  edifice,  which  was  found  to  be  in  so  ruinous 
a  state  as  to  be  utterly  incapable  of  repair.  The 
King  of  England,  being  informed  of  this  discovery, 
was  desirous  that  the  remains  should  be  removed 
to  a  proper  place.  The  French  Government 
seconded  his  Majesty's  wishes,  and  on  Sept.  9th  the 
body  was  removed  in  great  state,  and  deposited 
beneath  the  altar  until  the  new  church  is  com- 
pleted." 

I  have  in  my  possession  a  letter  written  by 
Mr.  Pitman  Jones-  which  appears  to  throw 
doubt  on  the  "remains"  here  mentioned 
being  really  those  of  James  II.  The  letter 
was  addressed  to  Sir  Henry  Ellis,  and  posted 
1  August,  1845,  at  Maidenhead.  I  shall  be 
glad  of  further  information  on  the  matter. 

WM.    CONNAL. 

[Mr.  Pitman  Jones,  whose  letter  to  Sir  Henry 
Ellis  you  forward,  himself  contributed  to  '  N.  &  Q.' 
for  14  September,  1850,  the  account  he  received 
from  Mr.  Fitz-Simons.  See  also  1  S.  ii.  281,  427  ; 
9  S.  viii.  45,  92,  148,  for  further  details.] 

AUTHORS     OF     QUOTATIONS     WANTED.  — 
Where  can  I  find  the  following  quotation  ? 
Oh,  that  were  best  indeed 
To  spend  ourselves  upon  the  general  good, 
And,  oft  misunderstood, 
To  raise  the  feeble  knees  and  limbs  that  bleed. 

I  am  quoting  from  memory,  so  may  not  be 
quite  accurate.  EDITH  EWEN. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  where  the 
following  quotation  from  Goethe  is  to  be 
found  ?  John  Morley  in  one  of  his  works 
writes  : — 

"  As  Goethe  has  said,  sibyls  and  prophets  have 
already  spoken  their  inexorable  decree  on  the 
day  that  first  gives  the  man  to  the  world  ;  no 
time  and  no  might  can  break  the  stamped  mould 
of  his  character  ;  only  as  life  wears  on  do  all  afore- 
shapen  lines  come  into  light.  He  is  launched  into 
a  sea  of  external  conditions  that  are  as  independent 
of  his  own  will  as  the  temperament  with  which  he 
confronts  them." 

H.  A.  B. 

"  CLASSICLY." — In  The  Saturday  Review 
of  24  September,  p.  396,  a  reviewer  of 
'  Mr.  Dooley  Says  '  (Heinemann)  discourses 
thus:— 

"  As  humour  or  satire— the  terras  are  a  misnomer. 
None  of  it-  not  the  best  of  Mark  Twain— will  bear 
comparison  with  anything  classicly  comic,  classicly 
I  humorous,  or  classicly  satiric." 
!  The  writer's  intention  is  manifest  enough  ; 
!  but  has  he  warrant  for  "  classicly  "  ? 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 


450 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         en  s.  IL  DEC.  3, 1910. 


'  YOUNG  FOLKS,'  1870-76. — For  some 
time  I  have  been  vainly  trying  to  get  hold  of 
a  copy  of  the  bound  annual  volumes  of  a 
publication  called  Young  Folks,  published 
in  weekly  parts  about  1870  to  1876,  I  think 
by  Henderson  ;  but  so  far  without  success. 
I  should  be  much  obliged  if  readers  of 
*  N.  &  Q.'  could  refer  me  to  any  probable 
source  of  information,  or  place  where  the 
periodical  is  likely  to  be  kept  on  file. 

W.  G.  HALE. 
Royal  Cornwall  Polytechnic  Society,  Falmouth. 

[R.  L.  Stevenson's  '  Treasure  Island  '  appeared 
serially  in  this  publication  in  1881-2.] 

CHBISTIAN  SYMBOLISM  :  CATACOMBS  : 
MONASTICISM. — I  shall  be  obliged  to  readers 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  who  will  tell  me  the  best  illus- 
trated works  on  the  following  : — 

1.  Christian     -symbolism      in      the      first 
centuries. 

2.  The  Christian  Catacombs. 

3.  The  earliest  Monasticism. 

Please  reply  direct.        (Miss)  M.  A.  OWEN. 
23,  Prospect  Terrace,  W.C. 

TROUT  OR  TROWTE  FAMILY. — Can  any 
one  refer  me  to  a  MS.  or  printed  pedigree 
of  Trout,  Troute,  or  Trowte,  co.  Devon  or 
Salop  ?  Many  thanks  in  anticipation. 

CORVE. 

Salop. 


MUNICIPAL  RECORDS   PRINTED. 
(US.  ii.  287.) 

As  far  as  I  am  aware,  there  is  no  list  pub- 
lished of  these  valuable  works. 

For  my  own  use  I  have  compiled  a  list, 
which,  does  not  profess  to  be  perfect.  If  a 
list  was  given  of  Town  Records  published 
by  the  local  authorities,  the  list  would  be 
small  indeed.  Some  have  been  published 
at  the  expense  of  corporations,  &c.,  though 
compiled  or  copied  by  private  enterprise 
Some  have  been  extracted  by  permission, 
and  published  by  local  subscription  or  by 
antiquarian  societies  ;  some  are  extremely 
valuable,  others  much  less  so  ;  but  as  they 
are  consulted  for  so  many  purposes,  criticism 
may  be  misplaced ;  for  the  genealogist, 
the  philologist,  the  social  historian,  the 
folk-lorist,  and  even  the  desultory  reader  in 
search  of  literary  curiosities,  can  find  ample 
raw  material  in  them.  It  is  difficult  to 
make  a  satisfactory  scheme  of  classification, 
as  every  plan  I  have  adopted  would  exclude 


ome  of  value.  In  the  following  list  I  have 
not  attempted  to  supply  full  bibliographical 
details,  but  only  mention  sufficient  to 
dentify  the  works  in  the  British  Museum 
Catalogue.  When  "  By ...  .So-and-so  "  is 
^iven,  I  have  omitted  whether  translated, 
transcribed,  compiled,  or  edited  ;  and  the 
date  in  parentheses  is  that  of  publication. 
It  is  quite  possible  that  since  I  first  made 
iiy  notes,  the  incompleted  ones  may  now 
be  accessible. 

Aberdeen. — Register  of  the  Burgesses  of  the 
Burgh  of  Aberdeen,  1399-1631.  The  Miscellany 
of  the  New  Spalding  Club.  Index  of  Names. 
(Vol.  I.  1890  ;  Vol.  II.  1908.) 

Records  of  Old  Aberdeen,  1157-1891- 
Edited  by  A.  M.  Munro.  (Vol.  I.  1900- 
Aberdeen  University  Studies,  No.  2.  Also 
published  by  the  New  Spalding  Club,  1899. 
(Vol.  II.  by  the  latter  society,  1909.)— Has  a 
full  Index  Locorum  and  Nominum. 

Records  of  the  Sheriff  Court  of  Aberdeen. 
Edited  by  D.  Littlejohn.  (2  vols.  1904.) 
Aberdeen  University  Studies,  No.  11.  Vol.  I.  : 
Records  prior  to  1600. 

Abingdon.  —  Selections  from  the  Municipal 
Chronicles  of  the  Borough  of  A.  From  A.D. 
1555  to  A.D.  1897.  Edited  by  Bromley, 
Challenor,  Town  Clerk  (1898.) — With  a  General 
Index. 

Barnstaple. — Reprint  of  the  Barnstaple  Records. 
Published  by  J.  R.  Chanter  and  Thos.  Wain- 
wright,  with  Corrections  and  Additions  by 
Thos.  Wainwright.  (2  vols.  1900)— Not  in- 
dexed ;  divided  into  groups,  which  are  num- 
bered, but  these  are  not  indicated  as  to  pages 
in  the  "  Contents." 

Bath. — A  Copy  of  the  Chamberlain's  Accounts 
of  the  City  of  Bath,  with  a  List  of  Freemen  and 
other  interesting  matter,  by  the  Rev.  C.  \V. 
Shickle.  2  vols.  [1905.  ]— From  1569  to  1734. 
At  the  end  is  a  list  of  freemen  from  January, 
1631/2,  to  October,  1899. — Type-written,  and 
not  indexed. 

Bedfordshire. —  Bedfordshire  County  Records. 

1.  Notes    and    Extracts    from    the    County 
Records  comprised    in    the    Quarter    Sessions 
Rolls  from  1714  to  1832.     Not  indexed. 

2.  Notes   and  Extracts being  a  Calendar 

of    Vol.    I.    of    the    Sessions    Minutes    Books. 
1651  to  1660. — Has  a  General  Index. 

Beverley. — Beverley  Town  Documents,  1359- 
1582.  Edited  by  A.  F.  Leach.  Selden 
Society  Publications,  Vol.  XIV.  (1900.)— 
General  Index. 

Bristol.— The  City  Charters.  Containing  the 
Original  Institution  of  Mayors,  Recorders, 
Sheriffs,  Town-Clerks,  and  all  other  Officers 
whatsoever.  As  also  of  a  Common  Council, 
and  the  Ancient  Laws  and  Customs  of  the 
City.  (1736.)— From  Rich.  II.  to  Queen  Anne. 
Names  of  officials  in  some  of  the  later  charters. 

(Second  ed.,  1792.)  Appendix,  A  Brief 
Historical  Account  of  the  Ancient  Lords, 
Constables,  and  Wardens. 

Bristol  Lists,  Municipal  and  Miscellaneous. 
By  A.  B.  Beaven.  (1899.)— 1529.  The  lists 
are  alphabetical. 


11  S.  II.  DEC.  3,  1910.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


451 


The  Little  Red  Book  of  Bristol.  By  F.  B. 
Bickley.  (Vol.  I.  1900.)— 1344-1574.  Charters, 
Customs,  Gilds,  Chantries. 

(Vol.  II.  1900.)  Ordinances  of  the  Gilds.— 
Index  and  Glossary. 

The  Annals  of  Bristol  in  the  Seventeenth 
Century.  By  John  Latimer.  (1900.) — 1109- 
1900.  Principally  from  Corporation  and  local 
records,  supplemented  by  extracts  from  the 
State  Papers  and  the  Privy  Council  records. 
Index. 

The  Annals  of  Bristol  in  the  Eighteenth  Cen- 
tury. (1893.) — Of  the  same  character.  Index. 

The  History  of  the  Society  of  Merchant 
Venturers  of  the  City  of  Bristol.  By  John 
Latimer.  (1903.) — At  end  are  lists  of  Masters, 
Wardens,  and  Treasurers,  but  no  Index. 

Burgesses,  Lists  of. — See  Aberdeen,  Dundee,  &c.» 
and  Freemen. 

Cambridge. — Cambridge  Gild  Records.  Edited 
by  Mary  Bateson.  1298  to  1386.  (1903.)  Has 
Index  of  Names. 

Carnbusnethan.  —  Extracts  fr6*m  the  Register  of 
the  Kirk  Session  of  Cambusnethan  from  April, 
1636,  to  Sept.,  1695.  Miscellany  of  the  Mait- 
land  Club,  Vol.  I.,  pp.  428-31.  (1834.) 

Canterbury. — Intrantes  :  a  List  of  Persons 
admitted  to  Live  and  Trade  within  the  City  of 
Canterbury,  on  Payment  of  an  Annual  Fine, 
from  1392  to  1592.  (1904.)— By  J.  M.  Cowper, 
has  an  Index. 

The  Roll  of  the  Freemen  of  the  City  of 
Canterbury,  from  A.D.  1392  to  1800.  By  J.  M. 
Cowper.  (1903.) — Alphabetical,  and  has  an 
Index  of  Stray  Names. 

Minutes  collected  from  Ancient  Records  and 
Accounts  of  Transactions  in  the  City  of  Canter- 
bury. 1234-1800.  By  Civis  \i.e.  Rev.  D. 
Welfitt). — Extracts  only  ;  originally  printed 
in  The  Kentish  Chronicle  during  1801. 

Cardiff. — Cardiff  Records.  Being  Materials  for 
a  History  of  the  County  Borough  from  the 
Earliest  Times.  By  J.  Hobson  Mathews. 
Vol.  I.  (1898.)  Minutes  of  Charters  1145- 
1687.— Vol.  II.  (1900.)  Local  records.— Vol. 
III.  (1901.)  Mostly  local,  but  has  abstracts 
of  wills  at  Landaff  and  P.C.C.  1470-1778.— 
Vol.  IV.  (1903.)  Very  little  local,  and  that 
modern.  1774-1865.— Vol.  V.  (1905.)  Miscel- 
laneous local,  lists  of  officials,  and  a  Glossary, 
but,  alas  !  no  Index. 

Carl  isle.— The  Royal  Charters  of  the  City  of 
C.  Edited  by  R.  S.  Ferguson.  (1894.) 
Publications  of  the  Cumberland  and  Westmore- 
land Antiq.  and  Arch.  Soc.  Extra  Series, 
Vol.  X.— From  5  Henry  III.  to  36  Charles  II. 
Appendixes,  names  of  early  Mayors,  municipal 
offices.  Index. 

Some  Municipal  Records  of  the  City  of  C. 
Edited  by  R.  S.  Ferguson  and  W.  Nanson. 
1887.  Publications  of  the  Cumb.  and  West. 
Antiq.  and  Arch.  Soc.  Extra  Series.  Vol. 
IV. — All  local  records,  extracts  from  Gilds, 
( '<>urt  Leet  Rolls,  Minutes,  &c.  From  Henry  II. 
to  1836.  General  Index. 

Carmarthen. — Royal  Charters  and  Historical 
Documents  relating  to  the  Town  and  County  of 
Carmarthen  and  the  Abbeys  of  Talley  and 
Tygwyn-ar-Daf.  By  J.  R.  Daniel-Tyssen. 
(1878.)— From  1201  to  1590.  In  Latin  and 
English.  Copious  foot-notes,  but  no  Index. 

Castle  Rising. — See  Norfolk  Lists. 


Chester. — The  Rolls  of  the  Freemen  of  the 
City  of  C.  By  J.  H.  E.  Bennett.  (2  vols. 
1906,  1908.)— Part  I.  1392-1700.  Part  II. 
1700-1805.  Vols.  LI.  and  LV.  Lane,  and 
Chesh.  Record  Soc.  Pagination  continuous  ; 
Indexes  of  Christian  Names  and  Surnames, 
Quality,  Trade,  and  Places  at  end. 

See  also  '  The  Chester  City  Companies,' 
Journal  Archit.  Archl.  and  Hist.  Soc.  of 
Chester,  V.  16-27. 

Clitheroe.— The  Court  Rolls  of  the  Honor  of 
Clitheroe  in  the  County  of  Lancaster.  By 
Wm.  Farrer.  I.  1377-1567.— (1897.) —Has 
Index  of  Names. 

Colchester. — The  Charters  of  C.  and  Letters 
Patent  granted  to  the  Borough  by  Richard  I. 
and  succeeding  Sovereigns,  1189-1818.  (1903. ) 
— Index. 

The  Red  Paper  Book  of  C.  from  about  1277- 
1538.  (1902.)— Full  Index. 

The  Oath  Book,  or  Red  Parchment  Book, 
1327-1564.  (1907.)— Indexes  of  Names  and 
Trades.  The  three  edited  by  W.  G.  Benham. 

Cork.— The  Council  Book  of  the  Corporation  of  the 
City  of  Cork,  from  1609  to  1643,  and  from 
1690  to  1800.  By  Richard  Caulfield.  (1876.) — 
Appendix  C.  is  a  list  of  Mayors  and  Bailiffs  from 
1199  to  1801.  There  is  an  Index  of  the  Princi- 
pal Events,  but  no  Index  of  Names. 

Coventry. — The  Coventry  Leet  Book  ;  or  Mayor's 
Register,  containing  the  Records  of  the  City 
Court  Leet  or  View  of  Frankpledge,  A.D. 
1420—1555,  with  divers  other  matters.  By 
Mary  Dormer  Harris.  Early  English  Text 
Soc.  Parti.  (1907.)— Part  II.  (1908.)— Part 
III.  (1909.)— Part  IV.  (1910.)  Miscellaneous 
matter,  Glossary,  and  Index. 

See  also  '  The  Craft  Gilds  of  Coventry,'  Proc. 
Soc.  Antiq.,  XVI.-15-30. 

A.  RHODES. 
(To  be  continued.) 

The  Liverpool  municipal  records  from  the 
thirteenth  century  to  1835  were  edited  and 
published  in  1883-6  by  Sir  J.  A.  Picton,  in 
2  vols.  4to,  of  which  only  500  were  printed. 
A  new  edition  was  published  in  nine  parts, 
4to,  illustrated  with  nine  plates,  in  1907, 
to  mark  the  Liverpool  Septcentenary  cele- 
brations. 

The  town  records  of  Stratford-on-Avon 
will  shortly  go  to  press,  and  it  is  hoped  to 
issue  them  in  the  course  of  next  year.  The 
edition  will  be  restricted. 

WM.  JAGGABD. 

Avonthwaite,  Stratford-on-Avon. 

A  list  of  Scottish  Burgh  Record  publica- 
tions is  contained  in  Terry's  '  Scottish 
Historical  Clubs/  Glasgow,  MacLehose,  1909. 
The  records  of  nearly  twenty  different 
burghs  have  been  published.  W.  S.  S. 

Section  57  (pp.  400-67)  of  Gross's  in- 
valuable *  Sources  and  Literature  of  English 
History  '  gives  particulars  of  many  printed 
borough  and  other  local  records. 

ROLAND  AUSTIN. 


452 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        tn  s.  n.  DEC.  3, 1910. 


WOMEN  CARRYING  THEIR  HUSBANDS  ON 
THEIB  BACKS  (11  S.  ii.  409). — The  town  most 
notoriously  associated  with  tliis  widely 
spread  legend  is  Weinsberg,  now  in  Wurttem- 
berg.  W.  L.  Hertslet  devotes  some  amusing 
pages  (199  foil.)  to  the  subject  in  his  *  Trep- 
penwitz  der  Weltgeschichte,'  6th  ed.  The 
story  was  told  in  connexion  with  the  capture 
of  the  place  by  the  Emperor  Konrad  III.  in 
1140.  It  does  not  figure  at  all  in  the  earliest 
accounts,  and  appears  for  the  first  time  in 
the  '  Chronica  Regia  Coloniensis  '  (c.  1170). 
Suspicion  is  increased  by  the  fact  that  a 
closely  similar  incident  is  told  of  from  thirty 
to  forty  other  towns  and  castles.  Further, 
it  appears  that  the  Weinsberg  taken  was 
probably  no  town,  but  a  small  fort  near 
Heilbronn. 

The  legend  of  Weinsberg  seems  a  deve- 
lopment of  what  is  told  about  the  capture 
of  Crema  in  the  north  of  Italy  by  Friedrich 
Barbarossa  in  1160,  when  all  the  inhabitants 
were  allowed  to  depart,  taking  with  them 
what  they  could  carry  on  their  shoulders. 
One  woman  left  all  her  treasures  behind 
in  order  to  carry  her  invalid  husband.  But 
the  authority  for  this  turns  out  to  be  the 
same  chronicler  from  Cologne  who  is  re- 
sponsible for  the  Weinsberg  legend.  German 
poetry  and  painting  have  found  a  congenial 
theme  in  the  myth.  Its  familiarity  to  the 
English  reader  is  due,  in  part  at  least,  to 
the  use  which  Addison  made  of  it  in  The 
Spectator,  vol.  vii.,  No.  499,  where  Will 
Honeycomb  says  he  found  it  related  in  his 
"  historical  Dictionary." 

Carlyle  twice  refers  to  the  story  in  his 
'  Frederick  the  Great '  :  Book  III.  chap, 
xviii.,  where  he  suggests  that  Addison 
picked  it  out  of  '  A  Compleat  History  of 
Germany  '  by  Mr.  Savage,  and  Book  VII. 
chap,  vi.,  where  he  characterizes  it  as  "a 
highly  mythical  story,  supported  only  by 
the  testimony  of  one  poor  Monk  in  Koln." 

The  legend  is  included  in  that  entertaining 
treasure-house  of  story,  Camerarius's  'Horse 
Subcisivse,'  Cent.  I.  cap.  51,  where  we 
learn  that  it  cured  Lorenzo  de'  Medici 
of  an  illness  without  any  further  aid  from 
physic.  Burton,  '  Anat.  of  Melancholy,' 
II.  ii.  iv.,  took  this  last  anecdote  from 
Camerarius.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

This  story  is  alluded  to  in  Uhland's  poem 
entitled  '  .Die  Geisterkelter,'  and  I  quote 
an  extract  about  it,  from  an  epitome  of 
Russell's  '  Modern  Europe,'  at  the  end  of 
the  preface  to  my  translation  of  Uhland's 
poems.  WALTER  W.  SEE  AT. 


In  Burger's  ballad  '  Die  Weiber  von 
Weinsberg '  the  incident  is  placed  in  the 
town  of  that  name. 

HOWABD  S.  PEABSON. 

The  village  H.  G.  inquires  about  is 
Weinsberg,  near  Heilbronn,  in  Wiirttem- 
berg.  The  hill  the  women  descended  is  still 
called  Weibertreue,  and  a  painting  of  the 
scene  is  preserved  in  the  village  church. 
There  is  a  poem  by  Chamisso  recording  the 
legend,  which  can  also  be  found  in  Mrs. 
Markham's  '  Germany,'  picture  and  all. 

J.  D. 

This  incident  occurred  in  1140  at  Weins- 
berg. In  1 820  Charlotte,  Queen  of  Wurttem- 
berg  and  daughter  of  our  George  III.,  with 
other  ladies  of  Germany,  built  an  asylum 
there  for  poor  women  who  have  been  noted 
for  self-sacrificing  acts  of  love. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

A  versified  form  of  this  story  appeared 
in  The  Novel  Magazine  a  few  weeks  ago. 
The  town  was  Weinsberg.  SCOTUS. 

[LEO  C.,  MR.  L.  R.  M.  STRACHAN  and  MR.  S.  SHAW 
also  thanked  for  replies.] 

EXHIBITION  OF  1851  :  ITS  MOTTO  (11  S.  ii. 
410). — Is  not  NEL  MEZZO  mistaken  in  giving 
as  the  "  official  "  motto  of  the  1851  Exhibi- 
tion "  Dissociata  locis,  concordia  pace 
ligavit "  ?  Although  a  schoolboy  at  the 
time,  I  remember  being  much  struck  by 
its  appropriateness,  and  feel  sure  that  I 
should  have  recognized  the  misquotation. 
It  was  probably  chosen  by  Prince  Albert, 
who  had  a  pretty  taste  in  such  matters.  It 
certainly  stands  correctly  "  concordt "  on  the 
prize  medal,  the  die  for  which  must  have  been 
put  in  hand  early  in  the  preparation  for  the 
Exhibition.  J.  E.  MATTHEW. 

32,  Winchester  Road,  N.W. 

GOWER  FAMILY  OF  WOBCESTEBSHIBE 
(11  S.  ii.  249,  417).— In  King's  Norton 
Church,  Worcestershire,  there  is  an  altar- 
tomb  erected  by  Humphrey  Lyttelton  to  his 
own  memory  and  that  of  his  wife,  Martha, 
daughter  of  Robert  Gower  of  Colmers,  who 
died  4  July,  1588.  Upon  the  slab  covering 
the  tomb  are  incised  representations  of 
Humphrey  and  his  wife,  and  around  it  an 
inscription  to  their  memory,  but  the  date 
of  his  death  has  never  been  filled  in.  Upon 
this  tomb  appear  the  arms  of  Lyttelton 
impaling  Gower,  and  the  Gower  coat  is  the 
same  as  that  now  borne  by  the  Leveson- 
Gowers,  viz.,  Barry  of  six  argent  and  gules, 
a  cross  patonce  sable,  with  which  are 


ii  s.  IL  DEC.  3,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


453 


quartered  Ermine,  a  cross  patonce  gules, 
for  Grindall.  Humphrey  Lyttelton  lived 
till  1624,  and  was  buried,  not  at  King's 
Norton,  but  at  Naunton  Beauchamp  in 
Worcestershire,  where  his  epitaph  states  : — 

Living  he  learned  to  die,  and  so  expected 
In  firmest  health  impartial  sudden  death, 
That  in  King's  Norton  he  his  tomb  erected, 
Long  ere  he  gasped  forth  his  dying  breath. 

The  Lytteltons  of  Naunton  Beauchamp, 
Groveley,  &c.,  were  a  junior  branch  of  the 
Lytteltons  of  Frankley,  and  their  neighbours 
the  Gowers  of  Colmers,  or  Colemers,  appear 
to  be  descended  from  the  Gowers  of  Wood- 
hall,  Broughton,  Droitwich,  &c.,  who  bore 
Azure,  a  chevron  between  three  wolves' 
heads  erased  or.  Why  Lyttelton  used  the 
other  Gower  coat  for  his  wife's  arms  I  do  not 
know,  but  the  fact  that  it  was  so  used  may 
lead  your  correspondent  to  the  discovery. 
W.  SALT  BRASSINGTON. 

Stratford -upon- A  von. 

TENNYSON:  "  OORALI  "  (11  S.  ii.  409).— 
Explained  in  both  the  larger  and  smaller 
editions  of  my  '  Etymological  Dictionary,' 
s.v.  '  Wuorali.'  I  quote  Tennyson  in  the 
former.  WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

Tennyson  in  the  line  "  Drenched  with  the 
hellish  oorali  "  &c.  is  alluding  to  the  fact 
that  curare  (the  more  usual  form)  is  or  was 
used  largely  in  physiological  experiments 
for  the  purpose  of  arresting  the  action  of  the 
motor  nerves.  C.  C.  B. 

WELLINGTON  AND  BLUCHER  AT  WATERLOO  : 
C.  S.  BENECKE  (11  S.  ii.  227,  370,  418).— I 
am  much  obliged  to  MR.  JOHN  T.  PAGE 
for  his  information  but  it  does  not  give  the 
name  of  the  man  whose  head  is  next  to 
Bliicher's  :  he,  I  am  told,  was  Benecke. 

WILLIAM  BULL. 

QUEEN  ELIZABETH'S  DAY  (11  S.  ii.  401). — 
The  following  contemporary  mention  of 
Queen  Elizabeth,  which  may  have  escaped 
the  notice  of  W.  C.  B.,  will  be  of  interest. 
It  is  from  a  scarce  and  curious  book  by 
Gerard  Legh,  '  Acccdens  of  Armorye,' 
1568,  the  10th  year  of  her  Majesty's  reign, 
and  the  35th  of  her  age.  The  reference 
occurs  at  the  end  of  a  genealogy  of  the 
Queen : — 

"  Kyng  Henry  the  eyght. 

''Father  to  the  most  high  and  mighty  princes, 
and  our  most  dread  soureaigne,  the  Queenes  maiestie 
that  nowe  is,  of  whom  I  pray  God,  if  it  be  his 
wil,  to  send  some  fruite,  as  well  to  the  comfort  of 
her  maiestie,  as  to  the  great  ioye  of  all  her  subiectes, 
stable  suretie  of  this  realme." 

WM.  NORMAN. 


INSCRIPTIONS  IN  CITY  CHURCHES  AND 
CHURCHYARDS  (11  S.  ii.  389). — It  is  to  be 
feared  that  unless  something  further  is 
added  under  this  heading,  a  misappre- 
hension may  arise  as  to  the  precise  nature 
of  the  work  alluded  to  in  the  editorial  note 
to  this  query.  From  the  prospectus,  which 
lies  before  me  as  I  write,  it  appears  that 
Mr.  P.  C.  Rushen  is  the  compiler  of  the  book, 
and  that  it  is  limited  to  containing  "particu- 
lars of  every  external  monumental  inscrip- 
tion in  all  the  churchyards  and  graveyards 
within  the  limits  of  the  City  of  London, 
fifty-nine  in  number."  From  the  italics, 
which  are  my  own,  it  will  be  seen  that  the 
inscriptions  in  the  churches  remain  to  be 
dealt  with,  for  since  the  drawing-up  of 
Fisher's  '  Catalogue '  of  1666  no  general 
work  on  this  subject  has  appeared. 

The  eighteenth-century  topographers,  as 
Strype,  Maitland,  &c.,  in  reprinting  the 
epitaphs  recorded  in  the  pages  of  Munday 
and  Dyson,  added  the  principal  of  those 
which  had  been  installed  in  the  churches 
subsequent  to  their  rebuilding  after  the 
Fire.  Thus  we  have  a  succession  of 
authorities  for  the  chief  inscriptions  current 
in  the  City  churches  from  about  the  middle 
of  the  fourteenth  century  to  the  middle 
of  the  eighteenth.  I  have  often  wondered 
that  no  antiquary  has  arisen  of  sufficient 
enterprise  to  continue  their  printing  to  a 
more  modern  date.  The  fact  that  the 
churches  have  now  been  closed  for  burials 
for  some  fifty  or  more  years  would  allow  of 
practical  finality  in  the  work. 

WILLIAM  MCMURRAY. 

St.  Anne  and  St.  Agnes,  Gresham  St.,  B.C. 

LINCOLN'S  INN  VINES  AND  FIG  TREE 
(11  S.  ii.  367). — A  book  published  a  few 
days  ago,  '  Relics  and  Memorials  of  London 
Town,'  by  James  S.  Ogilvy,  with  52  coloured 
plates  by  the  author  (Routledge),  has  some- 
thing to  say  about  the  trees  at  Lincoln's 
Inn.  Some  allusions  are  also  made  to  them 
in  W.  H.  Spilsbury's  '  Lincoln's  Inn,  its 
Ancient  and  Modern  Buildings,'  2nd  ed., 
1873,  but  he  is  more  concerned  with  the 
buildings  than  with  the  trees.  W.  S.  S. 

PUNS  ON  PAYNE  (US.  ii.  409). — Erskine, 
when  taken  ill  at  one  of  Sir  Ralph  Payne's 
banquets,  replied  to  Lady  Payne's  anxious 
inquiries  with  the  lines, 
'Tis  true  I  am  ill,  but  I  need  not  complain  ; 
For  he  never  knew  pleasure  who  never  knew  Payne. 

See  '  D.N.B.,'  original  edition,  xliv.  120. 

A.   R.   BAY  LEY. 


454 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [11  s.  n.  DEC.  3, 1910. 


Calverley's  pun  on  Payn  was  made  in 
1857,  on  the  occasion  of  his  ascent  of 
Scawfell  from  Wastwater,  in  company  with 
Wolstenholme,  Payn,  and  Sendall.  See 
*  Literary  Remains  of  C.  S.  Calverley,'  by 
Sir  Walter  J.  Sendall,  1885,  p.  57. 

WALTER   W.    SKEAT. 

James  Payn  gives  the  account  of  Calver- 
ley's clever  adaptation  in  the  sixth  chapter 
of  '  Some  Literary  Recollections,'  p.  180. 
It  is  curious  that  Payn  regularly  gives  his 
friend's  name  in  the  form  "  Calverly." 

THOMAS  BAYNE. 

[C.  C.  B.,  PROF.  E.  BENSLY,  G.  W.  E.  R,  G.  T.  S., 

and  SCOTUS  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

BASIL  THE  GREAT  (11  S.  ii.  190). — In 
Stanislaus  Liovius's  Latin  version  (1598)  of 
the  *  De  Moribus  Orationes  '  collected  out  of 
Basil  by  Simon  Metaphrastes  the  passage 
is  as  follows  : — 

"  Et  licet  cuncti  homines  riobiscum  lugerent, 
efficere  tamen  non  possemus  [?  possent]  ut  luctus 
noster  affection e  careat."— P.  854,  col.  1  c,  D,  of  the 
Latin  translation  of  Basil  by  various  hands,  Paris, 
1603. 

This  gives  the  sense  fairly  well. 

Simon  Mailleus's  rendering  (1558),  re- 
printed in  Migne,  may  come  to  much  the 
same  thing,  because  if  universal  lamenta- 
tion does  not  take  the  sting  from  our  own 
mourning,  it  can  be  said  that  no  amount  of 
mourning  can  satisfy  the  sense  of  loss,  or 
make  the  lamentation  match  the  misfortune. 
But  Mailleus's  wording  might  suggest  that 
he  wished  to  read  TO>  TrdBei  instead  of  aTraBrj 
in  his  original.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

"  RALLIE-PAPIER  "  (11  S.  ii.  307,  356).— 
In  '  Nouveau  Larousse  Illustre '  (no  date, 
but  published  recently)  is  the  following  :— 

"  Rallye-paper  (ra-li-pe-peur—de  1'angl,  to  redly* 
rallier,  et  paper,  papier,)  n.m.  Sport,  qui  est  une 
imitation  de  la  chasse  a  courre......jLe  rallye-paper 

est  d'origine  anglaise.—P\.  Des  rallye-papers.  (On  dit 
aussi  rallie-papier.)" 

It  will  be  seen  that  "  rallie-papier  "  appears 
as  an  alternative  for  "  rallye-paper,"  the 
supposed  English  word,  and  that  the  pro- 
nunciation of  the  latter,  as  given,  is  English. 
In  the  preceding  column  is  : — 

"  Rallie,  n.f.  Vener,  Norn  donne"  a  des  fanfares  de 
chasse  qui  se  sonnent  avant  la  cure'e  froide  :  La 
rallie  Bourgoyne,  La  rallie  Touraine,  La  rallie 
Ardennes,  La  rallie  Vendee,  La  rallie  Chantilly." 
The  "  curee  froide  "  is  certain  food  given 
to  the  hounds  on  their  return  to  the  kennels. 
It  consists  of  bread  steeped  in  the  blood 
of  the  hunted  beast.  The  "  curee  froide  " 
is  given  to  the  hounds  on  the  occasion  of 


a  "  curee  aux  flambeaux,"  during  which  the 
huntsmen  ("  piqueurs  ")  sound  "  la  curee." 

Mrs.  Elinor  Glyn  in  '  The  Visits  of  Eliza- 
beth,' 1900,  calls  a  French  paper-chase  a 
"  Ralli  de  Papier  "  (pp.  156,  158). 

According  to  '  The  Encyclopaedia  of  Sport ' 
edited  by  the  Earl  of  Suffolk  and  others, 
1897,  vol.  i.  p.  49,  the  paper-chase  was 
introduced  about  1867.  I  think  that  this 
is  an  error. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  '  Wonder- 
ful Adventures  of  Mrs.  Seacole  in  Many 
Lands,'  edited  by  W.  J.  S.,  with  an  intro- 
ductory preface  by  W.  H.  Russell,  Esq., 
the  Times  correspondent  in  the  Crimea 
(London,  James  Blackwood,  1857,  p.  181) : — 

"  My  recollections  of  hunting  in  the  Crimea  are 
confined  to  seeing  troops  of  horsemen  sweep  by 
with  shouts  and  yells  after  some  wretched  dog. 
Once  I  was  very  nearly  frightened  out  of  my  wits— 
my  first  impression  being  that  the  Russians  had 
carried  into  effect  their  old  threat  of  driving  us 
into  the  sea— by  the  startling  appearance  of  a  large 
body  of  horsemen  tearing  down  the  hill  after, 
apparently,  nothing.  However,  I  discovered  in 
good  time  that,  in  default  of  vermin,  they  were 
chasing  a  brother  officer  with  a  paper  bag." 
Assuming  that  "  paper -bag  "  means  a  "  bag 
containing  scraps  of  paper,"  the  above 
would  show  that  the  paper-chase  existed 
among  our  officers  in  the  Crimea  in  1856  or 
earlier. 

It  would  appear  to  be  possible,  or  even 
probable,  that  in  the  jargon  of  tongues  in 
the  Crimea,  when  the  English  and  the 
French  were  so  intimately  connected,  this 
half -English,  half -French  term,  "rallye- 
paper,"  "rallie-papier,"  "  ralli  de  papier," 
was  invented,  being  eventually  transferred 
to  France.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

CHARLES  II.  STATUE  IN  THE  ROYAL 
EXCHANGE  :  JOHN  SPILLER  (11  S.  ii.  322, 
371). — The  interesting  extract  under  this 
head  furnished  by  MR.  PAGE  prompts  me 
to  mention  that  the  statue — it  is  presum- 
ably the  original,  and  not  a  copy— now 
occupies  a  somewhat  obscure  position  in 
a  niche  at  the  south-eastern  corner  of  the 
Royal  Exchange.  It  bears  the  inscription 
"  Carolus  II.,"  without  name  of  the  sculptor 
or  any  further  record,  which  seems  a  pity. 
With  respect  to  the  conflagration  which 
placed  the  statue  in  such  jeopardy, 
may  be  permissible  to  recall  the  fact  that 
it  occurred  upon  a  bitterly  cold  night, 
when  the  water  froze  as  it  was  pumped  from 
the  engines,  and  huge  icicles  hung  next 
morning  like  stalactites  about  the  blackened 
walls.  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenseum  Club. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  3, 1910.)         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


455 


"  DUMMIE-DAWS  "  (11  S.  ii.  388). — Any 
Scotsman  acquainted  with  the  niceties 
of  his  mother  tongue  will  at  once  interpret 
the  phrase  "  dummie-daws "  as  meaning 
^noiseless  jackdaws."  The  word  "daws," 
however,  being  used  in  different  senses  the 
phrase  may  mean  "  silent  slatterns."  Or, 
again,  it  may  signify  "  d,umb  days  " — days 
when  no  word  of  comfort  breaks  the  prevail- 
ing sorrow.  In  these  and  other  senses  the 
phrase  may  be  used,  but  its  application 
to  "a  guest-house "  is,  to  me  at  least, 
a  new  thing.  I  should  like  very  much  to 
learn  what  Scottish  writer  has  so  employed 
it.  SCOTUS. 

GERMAN  SPELLING  :  OMISSION  OF  H 
AFTER  T  (11  S.  ii.  306,  372).— It  is  well  to 
T?ear  in  mind  that  there  exists  an  official 
German  spelling  code  issued  by  the  Prussian 
Minister  of  Education.  It  is  more  than 
25  years  ago  that  the  "  reformed  "  spelling 
was  introduced  into  all  schools  throughout 
the  Prussian  monarchy.  In  1901  the 
""  Orthographische  Konferenz,"  which  was 
attended  by  delegates  from  almost  all 
German-speaking  States,  succeeded  in  draw- 
ing up  a  code  which  has  since  been  adopted 
in  Germany,  Austria,  and  Switzerland  for 
use  in  all  official  writings  and  to  be  taught 
in  schools  (cf.  the  pamphlets  '  Regeln  fur 
•die  deutsche  Rechtschreibung '  and  '  Amt- 
liches  Worterverzeichnis  fur  die  deutsche 
Rechtschreibung  zum  Gebrauch  in  den 
preussischen  Kanzleien ' ).  The  new  rules 
regarding  the  use  of  th  are  very  simple  : — 

1.  Th  is  not  to  be  used  in  any  word  of 
Germanic  origin  ;  write  tun,  Tor,  Not, 
Cote,  gotisch,  Mut,  &c.,  and  also  Tee. 

.  Th  may  be  used  in  proper  names  of 
Germanic  origin,  but  simple  T  is  to  be 
preferred  ;  thus  :  Theobald,  Teobald  ; 
Bertha,  Berta  ;  Walther,  Walter. 

.  Th  is  to  be  used  in  all  words  derived 

from    foreign    languages,    especially    Greek, 

f  it   occurs   in   the   original   spelling,    e.g.  : 

Thron,  Theater,  Thema,  Mathematik,  Katheder. 

It     is     only     old-fashioned     people     who 

dhere  to  the  th  in  native  words,  and  I  do  not 

know  of  any  large  publishing  firm  that  does 

>t  strictly  follow  the  new  rules.     The  best 

guide     to      German      spelling    is     Duden's 

^Orthographisches  Worterbuch  der  deutschen 

bprache'    (M.    1.    60),   which  no   teacher   of 

German  should  be  without. 

As    to    Dr.    Breul's    edition    of    Cassell's 

jrerman  Dictionary  '  (the  best  bilingual  dic- 
tionary for  English  students),  quoted  by 
P<ROF.  SKEAT,  the  facts  are  these  :  in  the 


English-German  part  the  new  spelling  is 
adopted,  whereas  in  the  German-English 
part,  unfortunately,  the  old  forms  still 
appear  almost  exclusively.  It  is  needless 
to  say  that  all  these  things  are  fully  dis- 
cussed in  Dr.  Breul's  Introduction,  as  was 
to  be  expected  from  a  scholar  of  his  reputa- 
tion. If  he  expresses  the  view  that  the  new 
spelling  "  will  probably  be  generally  adopted 
in  the  future  "  (ib.,  p.  iv),  it  might  be  added 
that  this  has  already  taken  place  to  a  much 
larger  extent  than  the  public  seem  to 
realize.  The  best  "  all  German "  dic- 
tionary for  the  student  who  seeks  information 
on  the  meaning,  grammatical  form,  &c.,  of 
modern  German  words,  Sanders' s  '  Hand- 
worterbuch  der  deutschen  Sprache,'  as 
edited  by  Dr.  Wulfing  (Wigand,  1910,  M.  10), 
totally  disregards  the  old  spelling,  and  it  is 
sincerely  to  be  hoped  that  the  same  course 
will  soon  be  adopted  by  writers  and  pub- 
lishers in  this  country. 

A  concise  exposition  of  the  reformed 
spelling  of  1902  will  be  found  on  pp.  77-8  of 
'  Rules  for  Compositors  and  Readers  at  the 
University  Press,  Oxford  '  (Qd.). 

HEINRICH  MUTSCHMANN. 

University  College,  Nottingham. 

The  replacement  of  th  by  t  is  now  official 
and  universal  in  German  words  of  Germanic 
origin  ;  in  words  originally  Greek  it  has  been 
kept.  Therefore  we  spell  Gate,  Tal,  Atem, 
tun,  Tat,  but  Thraker.  Wags  said,  when 
the  last — rather  mild,  by  the  way — reform 
of  our  spelling  was  discussed,  that  the  drop- 
ping of  the  h  in  Thron  might  endanger  its 
existence.  G.  KRUEGER. 

Berlin. 

"  PPUSCULUM  "  (11  S.  ii.  328).— It  would 
be  difficult  to  fix  the  date  of  the  earliest  use 
of  this  word,  as  it  was  a  favourite  among 
old  writers.  Thus,  e.g.,  we  have  Philippus 
de  Barbariis  '  Opuscula '  (Rome,  1481), 
Vincentius  Terrerius  *  Opusculum  de  Fine 
Mundi  '  (Norimbergae,  circa  1480),  St. 
Methodius  *  Opusculum  Divinarum  Reve- 
lationum '  (Augustse  Vind.,  1496).  It  is 
much  older  than  Bacon.  L.  L.  K. 

HANOVER  CHAPEL,  PECKHAM  :  REV.  DR. 
COLLYER  (11  S.  ii.  46). — MR.  HIBGAME  states 
that  from  1801  to  1854  Dr.  JohnCollyer  was 
the  minister  of  Hanover  Chapel.  This 
statement  is  inaccurate.  Dr.  Collyer's 
Christian  names  were  William  Benge.  He 
was  a  favourite  not  only  with  the  Duke  of 
Sussex,  but  also  with  his  brother  the  Duke 
of  Kent,  who  habitually,  when  in  England, 
attended  his  ministry. 


456 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  n.  DEC.  3,  wio. 


Dr.  Collyer  was  a  very  able  preacher  on 
such  subjects  as  the  religions  and  sacred 
books  of  the  East  ;  he  was  also  a  good  hymn- 
writer  and  hymn-book  compiler.  He  always 
wore  gloves  when  preaching,  and  his  man- 
servant carried  the  Bible  and  hymn-book 
into  the  pulpit.  He  translated  Luther's 
hymn  "  Great  God,  what  do  I  see  and  hear  ?  " 
JOHN  W.  STANDERWICK. 

BISHOP  MICHAEL  H.  T.  LUSCOMBE  (11  S. 
ii.  349). — An  account  of  Bishop  Luscombe 
will  be  found  in  the  '  D.N.B.,'  with  which, 
no  doubt,  MR.  CANN  HUGHES  is  well  ac- 
quainted. The  sermons  with  which  he  is 
there  credited  are  stated  in  the  '  London 
Catalogue '  to  have  been  translated  from 
the  French.  Is  he  the  same  as  the  M.  H. 
Luscombe  who,  when  curate  of  Windsor, 
published  a  '  Sermon  on  the  Sin  of  Adultery, 
preached  at  Weymouth,  before  their 
Majesties,  August  30,  1801 '  ?  SCOTUS. 

"MOVING  PICTURES  "  IN  FLEET  STREET 
IN  1709  (11  S.  ii.  403). — This  was  a  mechani- 
cal toy  made  by  one  Jacobus  Morian,  and 
was  taken  about  for  exhibition  by  a  cele- 
brated comedian  of  that  time.  I  give  one 
of  his  advertisements  from  The  Daily 
Courant,  9  May,  1709,  the  blanks  being  for 
the  places  where  the  exhibition  was  held  : — 

MR.    PlNKETHMAX 

In  order  to  divert  and  oblige  the  Gentry  and 
others  at and  other  adjacent  Places  there- 
abouts, has  reinov'd  the  most  Famous,  Artificial, 
and  Wonderful  Moving  Picture  that  ever  came 
a  Germany,  and  was  to  be  seen  at  the 
Duke  of  Marlborough's  Head  in  Fleet  street, 

is    now  to   be  seen!  at The  Prizes  [sic]  of  this 

Picture  being  Is.,  6d.,  and  3d.  Note  it  is  to  be 
seen  all  Day  long,  the  very  moment  they  come  in 
without  hindrance  of  time. 

A  description  of  the  affair  was  given  in  a 
handbill,  of  which  there  is  a  copy  in  the 
Bagford  Collection  : — 

To  all  Gentlemen,  Ladies  and  others. 
Notice  is  hereby  given,  that  here  is  arrived 
from  Germany,  a  most  artificial  and  Wonderful 
Original  Picture,  the  like  never  seen  in  all  Europe  : 
Part  of  this  fine  Picture  represents  a  Landskip,  and 
the  other  part  the  Water  or  Sea  :  In  the  Landskip 
you  see  a  Town,  out  of  the  Gates  of  which, 
cometh  a  Coach  riding  over  a  Bridge  through  the 
country,  behind,  before  and  between  the  Trees 
till  out  of  sight ;  coming  on  the  Bridge,  a  Gentle- 
man sitting  on  the  Coach,  civilly  salutes  the 
Spectating  Company,  the  turning  of  the  Wheels 
and  motions  of  the  Horses  are  plainly  seen  as  if 
natural  and  Alive.  There  cometh  also  from  the 
Town  Gate  a  Hunter  on  Horseback,  with  his 
Doggs  behind  him,  and  his  Horn  at  his  side, 
coming  to  the  Bridge  he  taketh  up  his  Horn  and 
Blows  it  that  it  is  distinctly  heard  by  all 
the  spectators.  Another  Hunter  painted  as  if 


sleeping,  and  by  the  said  blowing  of  the  Horn 
awaking,  riseth  up  his  Head,  looks  about,  and 
then  lays  down  his  Head  again  to  sleep,  to  the 
great  Amazement  and  Diversion  of  the  Company. 
There  are  also  represented  and  Painted,  Country 
men  and  Women,  Travellers,  Cows  and  Pack 
horses  going  along  the  Road  till  out  of  sight.  And 
at  a  seeming  distance  on  the  Hills  are  several 
WTindmills  continually  Turning  and  Working. 
From  a  River  or  Sea  port,  you  see  several  sorts 
of  Ships  and  Vessels  putting  to  Sea,  which  ships 
by  degrees  lessen,  to  the  sight  as  they  seem  to 
sail  further  off.  Many  more  Varieties  too  long 
to  be  inserted  here,  are  Painted  and  Represented 
in  this  Picture  to  the  greatest  Admiration, 
Diversion  and  Satisfaction  of  all  Ingenious 
Spectators.  The  Artist  Master  of  this  Piece  hath 
employed  above  5  years  in  contriving,  making  and 
perfecting  it.  It  was  designed  for  a  present  to 
a  great  Prince  in  Germany,  to  be  put  in  his 
chiefest  Cabinet  of  Greatest  Rarities,  but  that 
Prince  Dying,  the  maker  kept  it  to  himself,  and 
now  presents  it  to  the  View  and  Diversion  of  all 
ingenious  Persons. 

It  was  visited  on  9  February,  1709,  by 
Ralph  Thoresby,  the  antiquary,  who  gives 
a  description  bearing  out  the  above  details. 

A.  RHODES. 

The  "  moving  pictures  "  shown  at  "  The 
Duke  of  Marlborough's  Head,"  Fleet  Street 
in  March,  1709,  were  early  examples  of  the 
working  models  with  animated  figures 
that  Christopher  Pinchbeck  and  James  Cox 
exhibited  for  many  years.  A  later  adver- 
tisement (Spectator,  27  September,  1711) 
announced  that  there  was  to  be  seen  at  the 
same  house : — 

"  A  Managerie  [sic]  ....  composed  of  5  curious 
pictures  with  moving  figures,  representing  the 
history  of  the  heathen  gods,  wch.  move  artificially 
as  if  living  :  the  like  not  seen  before  in  Europe." 

Cox  issued  descriptive  catalogues,  and  that 
published  in  1766  at  Spring  Gardens  affords 
full  accounts  of  these  mechanical  toys. 

"The  Duke  of  Marlborough's  Head," 
afterwards  "  The  Globe,"  occupied  the  site 
of  No.  134,  Fleet  Street. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

OATCAKE  AND  WHISKY  AS  EUCHABISTIC 
ELEMENTS  (11  S.  ii.  188,  237,  278,  356,  396).— 
If  Lord  Strathallon  was  a  Catholic,  there 
is  strong  internal  evidence  against  the  truth 
of  this  story. 

Craven's  '  Journal  of  Bishop  Forbes,'  as 
quoted,  speaks  of  whisky  being  used  as  well 
as  oatcake.  No  Catholic  priest  would  dream 
of  using  such  matter  for  consecration.  In 
the  extract  given  from  Chambers's  '  History 
of  the  Rebellion  in  Scotland  '  no  mention 
is  made  of  whisky,  but  we  are  told  that 
oatmeal  and  water  were  used  to  make 
bread,  and  this  was  then  consecrated. 


n  s.  ii.  DKC.  3,  i9io.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


457 


is  impossible  to  imagine  such  a  thing  being 
done  by  any  priest.  It  is  not  impossible  to 
believe  that  the  oils  for  Extreme  Unction 
and  consecrated  species  for  Viaticum,  were 
brought  to  the  field  and  kept  ready  to 
hand  in  "  a  neighbouring  cottage,"  and  in 
this  way,  perhaps,  many  of  the  Scottish 
Catholics  would  receive  the  last  sacraments  ; 
but  we  may  be  sure  no  whisky  or  oatcake 
would  be  used  for  them.  S.  T.  P. 

KNIGHTS  OF  MALTA  IN  SUSSEX  (11  S. 
ii.  409). — Certainly  there  were  Knights  of 
Malta  in  Sussex.  In  Midhurst  there  was  a 
Commandery  of  the  Order.  The  two  little 
districts  of  the  town  over  which  the  Knights 
exercised  jurisdiction  are  still  known  as  the 
Liberties  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem.  They 
formed  no  part  of  the  ancient  manorial 
borough,  and  were  extra-parochial.  So  long 
as  Midhurst  was  a  Parliamentary  borough  a 
separate  list  of  voters  was  prepared  for  the 
Liberty  of  St.  John.  I  do  not  know  if  this 
is  continued  now  that  the  borough  is  merged 
in  the  North- West  Division  of  Sussex. 

E.  E.  STBEET. 

Chichester. 

Mr.  Frederick  Harrison  in  his  '  Notes  on 
Sussex  Churches,'  2nd  Ed.  (Hove,  1908),  at 
p.  100,  writing  of  Poling,  says  : — 

"  Near  the  church  is  St.  John's  Priory,  formerly 
a  Commandery  of  the  Knights  Templars,  after- 
wards transferred  to  the  Knights  of  St.  John 
of  Jerusalem.  It  was  erected  in  the  13th  c.,  and 
in  1780  it  was  converted  into  a  private  house.  It 
has  been  recently  restored  with  great  taste." 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWBIGHT. 

A  full  account  of  the  Knights  of  Malta  will 
be  found  in  Sutherland's  '  Achievements  of 
the  Knights  of  Malta,'  Edinburgh,  1830, 
2  vols.  (forming  vols.  Ixiii.  and  Ixiv.  of 
"Constable's  Miscellany").  There  is  also 
a  later  work  by  Miss  Drane,  '  The  Knights 
of  St.  John,'  Lone1  on,  1858.  SCOTUS. 

HENRY  OF  NAVARRE  AND  THE  THREE- 
HANDLED  CUP  (US.  ii.  408). — In  reply  to 
COL.  CARTWRIGHT'S  question,  I  copy  the 
following  from  M.  L.  Solon's  '  Art  Stone- 
ware,' vol.  i.  p.  187  : — 

"  At  the  time  when  the  Liniburg  forests 
(bounded  with  wild  deer  and  game  of  all  kinds, 
the  Emperor  Charles  V.  was  wont,  it  is  said,  to 
follow  the  sport  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Kaeren. 
When  passing  through  the  village,  he  would  dis- 
mount before  the  threshold  of  the  inn  to  refresh 
tiinisrlf  and  exchange  a  few  words  with  the 
landlord.  This  worthy,  no  doubt  one  of  the 
leading  potters  of  the  place,  improved  the 
opportunity  by  setting  before  the  eyes  of  his 
Majesty  some  choice  samples  of  the  local  handi- 


craft, trying  to  interest  him  in  its  welfare  and 
further  development.  Once  as  the  daughter  of  the 
house  was  coming  forth,  holding  in  her  trembling 
hand  a  jug  of  foaming  beer,  the  august  visitor 
pleasantly  remarked  how  difficult  it  was  for  him 
to  take  hold  of  it,  since  the  one  handle  was 
already  appropriated.  '  This  might  be  obviated,' 
he  observed,  '  if  the  potters  would  supply  each 
pot  with  two  opposite  handles.'  The  suggestion 
was  readily  acted  upon,  and  in  the  following 
season,  when  the  day  of  his  periodical  visit  came 
round  again,  it  was  in  a  handsome  two-handled 
jug  that  the  draught  of  fresh  beer  was  brought 
to  the  Kaiser  ;  but  the  blushing  girl,  forgetting 
previous  injunctions,  held  it  this  time  with  a 
handle  in  each  hand  !  The  device  was  obviously 
an  incomplete  one,  and  the  case  remaining 
as  awkward  as  before,  his  Majesty  suggested 
laughingly  that  the  number  of  handles  should 
be  increased  to  three,  so  that  at  least  a  spare  one 
should  remain  for  him  to  take  hold  of.  Accord- 
ingly, and  in  furtherance  of  the  imperial  sugges- 
tion, the  three-handled  jug  was  contrived,  and 
received  the  name  of  '  Kaiser  jug.'  " 

Raeren  is  in  the  province  of  Limburg. 

HOWARD  S.  PEARSON. 

"  SMOTJCH,"  A  TERM  FOR  A  JEW  (11  S.  ii. 
225,  291,  375).— I  know  no  "book" 
authorities  on  the  subject.  My  statements 
from  time  to  time  on  Hebrew  sociology, 
&c.,  are  primarily  personal.  Having  lived 
in  the  thick  of  Ghettoism  in  my  youth, 
I  am  in  a  position  to  summarize  my  know- 
ledge on  the  subject.  M.  L.  R.  BRESLAR. 

In  Sir  Walter  Scott's  Diary,  under  date 
1  March,  1826,  I  find  the  following  :— 

"I  took  lessons  of  oil-painting  in  youth  from 
a  little  Jew  animalcule,  a  smouch  called  Burrell, 
a  clever  sensible  creature,  though." 

C.  L.  S. 

The  following  paragraph  is  from  The 
Daily  Telegraph  of  5  November  : — 

"  A  policeman,  giving  evidence  in  a  case  at 
Wood-green  yesterday,  said  the  prisoner  told  him, 
when  arrested,  that  he  was  a  '  mosker.'  Asked 
to  translate  this  term,  the  officer  said,  '  A  dealer  in 
cheap  jewellery  and  unredeemed  pledges.'  " 

S.  J.  A.  F. 

JOHN  BROOKE  (11  S.  ii.  69,  111,  156,  257, 
394). — Sir  Thomas  Broke  and  Joan  (Cobham) 
his  wife  entailed,  by  fine  levied  on  the 
quinzaine  of  the  feast  of  (the  Nativity  of  ?) 
St.  John  Baptist,  16  Hen.  VI. ,  certain 
estates  on  his  seven  younger  sons,  of  whom 
Hugh  was  the  youngest.  So,  including 
Edward  the  son  and  heir  named  last  in  the 
fine,  Hugh  would  be  the  eighth  son. 

In  the  pedigree  by  Glover  (Harl.  MS.,  6157) 
only  Edward,  Reginald  (the  fifth  ancestor 
of  the  Brookes  of  Aspall  in  Suffolk),  and 
Hugh  are  given. 


458 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  n.  DEC,  3, 1910. 


The  arms  of  Broke  and  Cobham  quarterly 
with  a  crescent  for  difference  are  on  the 
brass  in  Redcliffe  Church,  Bristol,  of  John 
"  Brook,"  the  serjeant-at-law.  In  the  in- 
scription he  is  described  as  a  Justice  of 
Assize  on  the  Western  Circuit,  and  Seneschal 
of  Glastonbury  Abbey.  He  died  25  Decem- 
ber, 1522. 

I  am  unable  to  answer  MR.  WHITEHEAD'S 
query  as  to  his  identity  with  the  Treasurer 
of  the  Middle  Temple.  A.  S.  ELLIS. 

JAMES  FEA,   ORKNEY  AUTHOR  (11   S.   ii. 
308,   412). — A  family  of  this  name  settled 
in  Hull  late  in  the  eighteenth  or  early  in 
the  nineteenth  century,  and  members  of  it 
are    still    living    there.     I    am    under    the 
impression   that    they    came    from    Orkney. 
They  retained  Magnus  as  a  family  name.     In 
a  '  Directory  '  of  1823  I  find  : — 
Fea  &  Haggerston,  oil  merchants,  29,  High  Street. 
Fea,  Magnus,  merchant,  4,  Prospect  Street. 
Fea,  John,  commercial  agent,  33,  High  Street. 
Fea,  Peter,  mariner,  27,  Dock  Street. 

W.  C.  B. 

WATERMARKS  IN  PAPER  (11  S.  ii.  327,  371, 
395). — See  a  brief  account,  with  representa- 
tions of  some  of  the  earlier  ones,  in  Pro  and 
Con,  i.  174-6.  A.  RHODES. 


KING  HARALD  THE  GOLD  BEARD  OF 
SOGN  IN  NORWAY  (11  S.  ii.  389).— Two 
publications  dealing  to  some  extent  with 
King  Harald  the  Gold  Beard  (or  Harald 
Haarfagr  or  Fairhaired)  may  possibly  be  of 
some  use  for  the  purpose  of  this  query  : 
(1)  Carlyle's  '  The  Early  Kings  of  Norway,5 
"  People's  Edition,"  Chapman  &  Hall, 
which  begins  the  history  twith  a  brief  account 
of  Harald  :  (2)  '  Volsunga  Saga  :  the  Story 
of  the  Volsungs  and  Niblungs,'  in  the 
"  Camelot  Series,"  London,  Walter  Scott, 
1888.  The  volume  is  edited,  with  an  intro- 
duction and  notes,  by  H.  Halliday  Sparling. 
Some  mention  of  King  Harald  is  made  in 
Mr.  Sparling's  introduction.  W.  S.  S. 

HALL'S  '  CHRONICLE,'  HENRY  IV.  (11  S. 
ii.  368). — A  very  careful  bibliographical 
note  concerning  this  Chronicle  is  supplied  by 
Lowndes  under  the  name  "  Edwarde  Halle." 
It  appears  from  this  note  that  the  first 
genuine  issue  was  published  in  1548,  sent 
out  from  the  press  of  Richard  Grafton,  who 
completed  the  chronicle  left  unfinished  by 
Hall.  Three  other  editions  followed,  the 
last  bearing  date  1550.  The  last  edition 
mentioned  by  Lowndes  is  that  of  1809, 
edited  by  Sir  Henry  Ellis,  and  collated  with 
the  editions  of  1548  and  1550.  Absence  of 


any  reference  to  a  manuscript  in  Lowndes 
would  lead  one  to  infer  that  no  such  docu- 
ment is  now  known  to  be  in  existence. 

W.  SCOTT. 

BOOK-COVERS  :  "  YELLOW-BACKS  "  :  "  THE 
PARLOUR  LIBRARY"  (11  S.  ii.  189,  237,  274, 
295,  373,  414).  —I  remember  "  The  Parlour 
Library "  starting  in  1847.  The  volumes 
were  published  at  Is.  and  Is.  6d.  each,  first 
by  Simms  &  M'Intyre  of  Belfast,  and  then  by 
Hodgson  of  Paternoster  Row.  They  were 
continued  till  1862.  There  were  276  volumes 
published  in  all,  a  full  list  of  which  will  be 
found  in  'The  English  Catalogue.' 

E.  MARSTON. 

Other  early  publishers  of  "  yellow-backs  " 
were  George  Vickers,  Angel  Court,  Strand, 
and  Simpkin  &  Marshall.  The  examples 
before  me  are,  '  The  Career  of  an  Artful 
Dodger  '  (circa  1858)  and  '  Reminiscences, 
&c.,  of  the  Royal  Navy,'  by  Capt.  Sinclair 
(circa  1857).  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 


The  Literature  of  the  Victorian  Era.  By  Hugh 
Walker.  Professor  of  English  in  St.  David's 
College,  Lampeter.  (Cambridge  University 
Press.) 

DR.  WALKER  confines  his  survey  to  writers  who 
are  no  longer  living,  having  a  sad  advantage  over 
earlier  chroniclers  in  being  able  to  include  the 
great  names  of  Meredith  and  Swinburne.  The 
period,  in  fact,  is  one  from  which  we  are  sufficiently 
far  to  take  a  view  generally  unbiassed  by  personal 
intimacy.  Some  years  have  elapsed  since  the 
volume  by  Prof.  Saintsbury  on  '  Nineteenth- 
Century  Literature  '  appeared,  and  there  is  room 
for  this  new  consideration,  which  shows  in  several 
instances  the  modification  of  critical  opinions. 

Dr.  Walker  is  neither  a  sentimentalist  nor  a 
picturesque  writer,  and  his  survey  shows  a  careful 
sense  of  proportion  (the  most  difficult  virtue  to 
attain  in  a  book  of  this  sort)  and  a  judicious 
moderation  of  expression.  No  writer  can  expect 
to  please  throughout,  on  so  large  a  subject  as  this, 
any  other  critic  ;  but,  where  we  disagree  with  Dr. 
Walker,  we  admit  that  his  contentions  are 
reasonable.  Taking  a  wide  view  of  his  subject, 
he  has  managed  to  deal  with  a  very  large  number 
of  authors,  including  the  literature  of  science  and 
speculation,  to  which  Part  I.  is  devoted. 

The  volume  is  bulky  with  its  1,053  pages  of  test, 
and  if  it  meets  with  the  success  we  expect,  it 
might  be  worth  while  to  reduce  its  size  by  the  use 
of  India  paper. 

The  introduction  on  '  The  New  Age  '  contains  a 
number  of  debatable  propositions,  and  generall 
the  author  shows  to  less  advantage  in  philosophy 
and  science  than   in   pure   literature.     Carlyle 
we  think,  overrated,  and  the  space  awarded  to  hi 
not,    after    all,    very    definite    gospel,    excessr 
Jowett's   translations   of   Plato   get   as   near  tb 
manner  of  the  master  as  can  be  hoped,  but  it 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  3, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


459 


ludicrous  to  consider  them  adequate  as  renderings 
of  the  text,  and  to  suggest  that  only  readers  who 
use  them  as  "  cribs  "  will  be  dissatisfied.  If 
they  are  contributions  to  the  history  of  specula- 
tion, they  should  render  adequately  difficult 
passages  as  well  as  easy  ones,  and  this  in  our  judg- 
ment they  fail  to  do. 

It  would  be  unfair  to  give  in  detail  all  the  points 
on  which  we  differ  from  Dr.  Walker  without 
giving  any  idea  of  the  general  soundness  of  his 
narrative.  We  take  as  specimens  of  his  work  his 
accounts  of  some  of  the  greater  Victorian  novelists. 
The  chapter  called  '  After  Scott  '  has  some 
excellent  remarks  on  Sir  Walter,  and  throughout 
the  spice  here  and  there  of  quotation  from 
contemporary  observers  is  skilfully  introduced. 
Bulwer-Lytton  is  done  with  discrimination, 
though  in  another  department  than  fiction  his 
'St.  Stephen's'  is  omitted,  a  good  specimen  of  a 
rare  kind  of  literature  in  English,  and  one  that 
has  given  the  language  some  permanent  quota- 
tions. Bulwer-Lytton  and  Disraeli  are  rightly  put 
together,  but  of  the  "  several  points  of  contact  " 
between  them  one  of  importance  might  surely 
have  been  emphasized.  They  not  only  were 
friends,  but  actually  read  together  authors  who 
clearly  had  an  influence  on  their  style.  The 
importance  of  Disraeli's  '  Sybil '  we  are  glad  to 
see  emphasized  :  his  interest  in  social  problems 
cannot  be  swept  aside  as  mere  opportunism. 

Dickens  and  Thackeray  have  a  chapter  of 
more  than  forty  pages  to  themselves,  though  a 
few  other  names  crop  up  for  consideration,  such 
as  that  of  the  creator  of  Jorrocks,  who  had, 
we  think,  more  talent  than  is  here  indicated.  The 
discussion  of  the  merits  and  character  of  Dickens 
is  one  of  the  best  we  have  seen  of  recent  years, 
managing  within  a  small  compass  to  indicate 
points  which  have  been  blurred  by  his  over- 
powering popularity,  or  only  seen  clearly  in  an 
age  when  his  work  has  come  to  be  examined 
critically.  Our  only  addition  of  importance 
would  concern  the  advance  of  style  in  Dickens, 
say,  between  '  Pickwick '  and  '  Our  Mutual 
Friend.'  The  former  has  some  of  the  facetious 
and  clumsy  paraphrase  which  flourishes  in 
'  Sketches  by  Boz  '  ;  the  latter  is  as  brilliant  in 
its  best  passages  as  anything  Dickens  did,  and 
free  from  the  verbiage  of  earlier  books. 

Passing  to  Thackeray,  we  may  note  that  his 
burlesque  of  the  subject  which  won  Tennyson  a 
University  prize  for  poetry  does  not  mean 
that  they  were  friends  at  Cambridge,  as  is  some- 
times stated,  and  as  might  be  gathered  from  Dr. 
Walker's  reference  to  the  connexion  by  '  Timbuc- 
too  '  as  "  significant."  Though  reasonable,  the 
criticism  of  '  Vanity  Fair  '  and  lesser  writings  by 
Thackeray  seems  unduly  cautious.  The  modern 
critic  is  apt  to  object  to  Thackeray,  not  because  he 
was  a  cynic,  but  because  he  was  a  sentimentalist. 
Justice  is  done  to  the  lectures  on  the  '  Humourists 
of  the  Eighteenth  Century,'  but  it  should,  we 
think,  have  been  added  to  the  brief  notice  of  '  The 
Four  Georges  '  that  all  their  history  is  not 
accurate.  They  show  a  determined  bias  against 
kings  which  does  not  make  for  good  judgment. 

British   Place- Names   in   their   Historical   Setting. 

By  Edmund  McClure.     (Society  for  Promoting 

Christian  Knowledge.) 

MR.  MCCLURE  haslwritten  an  important  book,  not 
for  a  moment  to  be  confounded  with  many  pre- 
tentious works  which  have  appeared  from  time 


to  time  on  a  subject  which  demands  special 
learning  and  soundness  of  judgment  for  its 
adequate  treatment.  His  book  is  strictly  scientific, 
as,  instead  of  repeating  ancient  guesses,  he 
invariably  has  recourse  to  the  QueUen  or  sources 
in  the  charters  for  the  facts  upon  which  he  builds 
his  conclusions.  The  enormous  amount  of 
laborious  investigation  which  he  must  have 
undertaken  in  this  way  is  evident  on  every  page. 
It  is  a  work  of  independent  research.  He  is  not 
content  to  reproduce  what  others  have  quarried, 
but  goes  to  the  mine  for  his  own  ore.  Even  such 
writers  as  Dr.  Bradley  and  Prof.  Skeat  are  but 
seldom  referred  to  ;  Dr.  Joyce  only  twice,  Isaac 
Taylor  not  at  all  ;  but  the  somewhat  speculative 
views  of  Sir  John  Rhys  on  Celtic  matters  are 
treated  perhaps  with  more  respect  than  they 
deserve.  Himself  a  trained  philologist,  Mr. 
McClure  grounds  himself  on  the  latest  school  of 
German  scholarship,  with  the  results  of  which  he 
manifests  a  wide  acquaintance.  His  work  falls 
naturally  into  four  divisions  :  '  The  Roman. 
Occupation,'  '  The  Teutonic  Invasion,'  '  The 
Coming  of  the  Northmen,'  and  '  The  Wars  with 
the  Norsemen  and  the  Norman  Conquest  down, 
to  the  Reign  of  Stephen.'  The  method  adopted 
is  to  give  a  brief  but  connected  account  of  the 
historical  events  from  contemporary  writers 
with  a  discussion  of  the  place-names  as  they  arise 
in  each  period.  Incidentally  a  large  number 
of  personal  names  find  their  explanation,  which  is 
often  of  curious  interest.  The  notes  throughout 
are  packed  with  learning  and  condensed  informa- 
tion, and  in  many  cases  give  critical  resumes  of 
historical  questions  of  the  highest  value.  We 
may  instance  the  disquisitions  on  Vortigern 
(p.  128),  on  King  Arthur  (p.  149),  and  on  Glaston- 
bury  (p.  197). 

When  the  author  says  that  the  Trinobantes  left 
no  surviving  traces  of  their  name  (p.  30),  exception 
might  be  made  of  Troy-novant  and  New  Troy, 
a  common  Elizabethan  word  for  London.  Butter 
in  Butter-mere  and  other  local  names  is  explained 
as  "  bittern."  Prof.  Skeat's  suggestion  of  the 
personal  name  Bot-here  (Buterus),  "  army-help," 
is  perhaps  more  probable  (10  S.  xii.  92).  It 
seems  also  more  obvious  to  analyze  the  river- 
name  Windrush  as  Win(d)-rush  in  accordance 
with  its  ancient  form  Uuenrisc  (A.-S.  risce,  a 
rush),  then  as  a  Celtic  Wen-r-isc  (Gwen  +  tsc), 
white-water,  which  fails  to  account  for  the  r 
(p.  218). 

Mr.  McClure's  is  a  conscientious  and  scholarly 
piece  of  work  which  has  earned  our  grateful 
appreciation,  and  we  can  commend  it  to  all 
students  of  English  as  trustworthy  and  authorita- 
tive. An  excellent  index  makes  it  in  every  way 
complete. 

MESSRS.  CONSTABLE  announce  for  early  publica- 
tion '  The  Place-Names  of  Lancashire :  their 
Origin  and  History,'  by  Prof.  Henry  Cecil  Wyld 
and  Dr.  T.  O.  Hirst  of  the  University  of  Liver- 
pool. The  work  is  mainly  philological  or  linguistic 
in  character,  being  an  inquiry  into  the  original 
meaning  of  the  names  of  about  850  places  in 
Lancashire.  Care  has  been  taken  to  collect 
as  many  forms  of  the  names  as  possible  from 
early  documents,  chartularies  of  abbeys,  rolls' 
inquests,  and  wills  ;  and  the  book  contains  a  full 
list  of  the  sources  whence  the  information  is 
drawn. 


460 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        ui  s.  n.  DEC.  3, 1910. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — DECEMBER. 

MR.  W.  M.  MURPHY'S  Liverpool  Catalogue  159 
contains  the  Baxter  coloured  print  of  the  Corona- 
tion of  Queen  Victoria  in  a  gold  frame,  extremely 
rare,  251.  There  is  a  set  of  '  The  Annual  Register  ' 
to  1856,  99  vols.,  in  full  tree  calf  gilt,  10Z.  10s. 
Among  first  editions  are  '  Peregrine  Pickle,' 
4  vols.,  contemporary  calf,  1751,  51.  5s.  ;  '  Barto- 
lozzi,'  by  Andrew  Tuer,  3Z.  5s.  ;  the  four  volumes 
of  Froude's  '  Carlyle,'  11.  12s.  6d.  ;  and  Lever's 

*  Our    Mess ;     Jack    Hinton,'    original   parts,    21. 
There  are  works  under  America,  Art,  and  Sermons 
of     the     Seventeenth     Century.     Under     Shake- 
speare is  Noel  Paton's  facsimile  of  the  First  Folio, 
3  vols.,  folio,  full  morocco,  21.  17.  Qd.     There  is 
also  a  presentation   copy  of   Halliwell-Phillipps's 
'  Stratford-upon-Avon,'  18s. 

Messrs.  Myers  &  Co.  send  two  Catalogues, 
Nos.  163  and  164.  The  first  contains  books,  many 
extra-illustrated,  .among  these  being  Mrs.  Baron- 
Wilson's  '  Harriot,  Duchess  of  St.  Albans,'  1840, 
2  vols.,  morocco,  111.  10s.  ;  Earle's  '  English 
Premiers,'  2  vols.,  morocco,  1871,  12Z.  10s.  ; 
Byron's  Works,  4  vols.,  morocco,  Paris,  '1833, 
SI.  10s.  ;  and  the  first  edition  of  Beesly's  '  Queen 
Elizabeth,'  morocco  extra,  1892,  31.  12s.  Qd. 
Other  items  include  Bowyer's  edition  of  Hume's 

*  History,'  10  vols.,  imperial   folio,  full   morocco, 
1806,    15Z.    (original   cost    120Z.)  ;     and   a   set   of 
•'  The  Jewish  Encyclopaedia,'    12   vols.,  morocco, 
15Z.     Under     London     is     Pennant's     '  History,' 
2    vols.,    4to,    old   calf,    1814,    9Z.    10s.  ;        under 
Pageant,  a  coloured  panorama,  50  feet  long,  on  a 
•cylinder,  illustrating  a  Swiss  festival,  21Z. ;    and 
Tinder  Brighton  a  series  of  coloured  movable  views, 
1808,  5Z.  15s.      Among  first  editions  are  a  set  of 
Fanny  Burney's  Works,  15  vols.,  calf  extra,  1782- 
1814,    8Z.  ;     a    presentation    copy    of    '  Old    St. 
Paul's,'   1841,  4Z.   17s.  Qd.  ;    and  Mrs.  Trollope's 
'  Domestic  Manners   of  the  Americans,'   2   vols., 
1832,  1Z.  10s. 

Messrs.  Myers's  Catalogue  164  is  entitled  '  The 
Print  Collector's  Paradise,'  and  so  choice  and 
interesting  are  many  of  the  subjects  that  we  do  not 
think  the  title  a  misnomer.  We  must  leave 
the  collector  to  judge,  as  our  space  is  too  limited 
ior  descriptions. 

Messrs.  Pitcher  &  Co.'s  Manchester  Catalogue 
188  contains  among  American  items  a  collection 
of  paper  money  mounted  in  frame,  6Z.  10s.  Works 
on  architecture  include  Bowman  and  Crowther's 

*  Churches  of  the  Middle  Ages,'  2  vols.,  folio,  3Z. ; 

*  Edifices  de  Rome  Moderne,'  2  vols.,  atlas  folio, 
.and  volume  of  descriptions,  bound  in  2  vols.,  4to, 
Liege,  1843-9,  3Z.  10s.  ;    and  Sharpe's  '  Parallels,' 
2  vols.,  imperial  folio,  new  half -morocco,   1848, 
•6Z.     10s.      Under    Bartolozzi    are    one    hundred 
examples  with  memoir  by  Fagan,  4  parts,  royal 
folio,  4Z.  10s.     There  is  an  extra-illustrated  copy  of 
the  first  edition  of  the  '  Creevey  Papers,'  2  vols., 
new  calf,  5Z.  5s.     Under  Dickensiana  is  a  collection 
of  works  relating  to  Dickens,  24  vols.,  1845-1906, 
3Z.    3s.     Under    French    Art    is    Foster's    '  From 
Watteau  to  Prud'hon,'  3  vols.,  royal  4to,  5Z.  15s. 
Under  Homer  is  Roveray's  edition,  12  vols.  in  6, 
original  boards,  uncut,  1805,  3Z.  3s.     There  is  a 
handsome  set  of  Motley,  11  vols.,  tree  calf,  by 
Riviere,    61.    10*.     Leslie    Stephen's    edition    of 


Richardson,  12  vols.,  cloth,  is  7Z.  7s.  (only  750 
were  printed  of  this  edition).  Under  Bewick  is 
the  first  edition  of  '  Select  Fables,'  largest  paper, 
imperial  8vo,  levant,  1820,  4Z.  4s. 

Mr.  G.  A.  Poynder's  Reading  Catalogue  56 
contains  under  America  Harvey's  '  Marine 
Algae,'  2Z.  17s.  Qd.  ;  and  under  Architecture  an 
extra-illustrated  copy  of  Sharpe's  '  Architecture 
of  the  Cistercians,'  morocco,  3Z.  3s.  Under  Botany 
will  be  found  '  Alpine  Plants,'  compiled  from 
Sowerby,  1780,  4Z.  15s.  ;  Curtis's  Botanical 
Magazine,  Vols.  I.-XX.,  bound  in  10,  2Z.  12s.  Qd.  ; 
and  Maund's  '  Botanic  Garden,'  13  vols.,  small 
4to,  full  calf,  13Z.  10s.  Other  works  include 
Britton's  '  Cathedral  Antiquities,'  6  vols.,  4to, 
cloth,  1836,  21.  15s.  ;  the  first  edition  of  '  The 
Wanderer,'  5  vols.,  original  boards,  uncut,  1814, 
4Z.  4s.  ;  Caulfield's  '  Portraits,'  7  vols.,  half- 
calf,  1813-20,  5Z.  15s.  ;  Funk  &  Wagnalls' 
'  Standard  Dictionary,'  2  vols.,  half-morocco, 
2Z.  12s.  Qd.  ;  Fielding,  with  introduction  by 
Gosse,  12  vols.,  cloth,  3Z.  5s. ;  Green's  '  Short 
History,'  4  vols.,  cloth,  2Z.  7s.  Qd.  ;  Washington 
Irving's  Works,  10  vols.,  half-calf,  Bonn,  1859, 
2Z.  ;  Lysons's  '  Magna  Britannia,'  6  vols.,  4to, 
half-russia,  uncut,  1806-22,  4Z.  10s.  ;  and  Foster's 
'  Portraiture  of  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,'  Edition 
de  Luxe  (limited  to  175  copies  for  sale),  4Z. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


MR.  CHARLES  GOLDSWORTHY  SMITHERS,  to 
whose  death  reference  was  made  a  fortnight 
ago,  died  on  Wednesday,  9  November  (not 
on  the  12th,  as  stated),  and  was  buried  at  Abney 
Park  Cemetery.  He  was  a  Past  Master  of  the 
Worshipful  Company  of  Saddlers. 


in 


We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  following 

notice*  :  — 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries'"  —  Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery- 
Lane,  E.G. 

F.  C.  WHITE  ("  W.  J.  Thoms's  '  Stray  Notes 
on  the  Life  and  Publications  of  Edmund  Curll,' 
1879  ").  —  These    articles    originally    appeared    in 
vols.    ii.,    iii.,    and   x.    of    the    Second   Series    of 
'  N.  &  Q.'     We  do   not  know  whether  they  can 
still  be  obtained  in  book-form. 

G.  K.     COXGREVE,     Alberta     ("  Longfellow's 
'Excelsior'    in    Pigeon    English").  —  Anticipated 
ante,  p.  357. 

CORRIGENDA.—  P.  437,  col.  1,  1.  22,  for  "  J.T.  G." 
read  J.  T.  F.—  Col.  2,  last  line,  for  "Stanford 
Hill"  read  Stanford  Hall. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  10, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


461 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  10,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-No.  50. 

NOTES :— The  Words-worths  and  Scott :  "  Hornshole,"  461 
—Essex  Church  Glass,  462— Edward  I.  and  Henry  VIII. 's 
Queens— Bibliography  of  London,  464—"  Pip,"  a  Spot  on 
a  Card— Rats  and  Plague— Black  Rats  in  London— Pick- 
wicks of  Bath,  465— Goats  and  Cows— Bridgeford  Chapel 
at  Larabton— Millikin  and  Entwisle  Families,  466. 

QUERIES  :— Leybourn's  '  Mathematical  Repository,'  466— 
Sir  J.  T.  Banks— St.  Hilda  :  St.  John  del  Pyke— "  Bolton 
ffaire  groates,"  467— Nottingham  Monastery  not  in  Dug- 
dale — Cavallini  and  Edward  the  Confessor's  Tomb — 
Battle  in  Lincolnshire,  1655  — Wilkinson,  Comedian  — 
Peter  Caird,  468— Wet  Hay— Dante,  Ruskin,  and  a  Font 
— 'Les  six  Ages  de  la  Femme' — Royal  Household — 
Monastic  Sites  and  Buried  Treasure— Salusbury  Cade- 
Francis  Finch— 'Walrus  and  the  Carpenter '—Sir  Henry 
Gage— R.  Hall  Gower,  469. 

REPLIES  :— Knights  of  the  Swan  :  Blumenordnung,  470— 
Jeremy  Taylor's  Descendants  —  Wearing  One  Spur  — 
"Woodwose,"  471 — Thackeray  at  the  British  Museum — 
Guichard  d' Angle,  472— W.  Aislabie— Sydney  Smith  and 
the  "Boreal  Bourdaloue "  —  The  "Halls"  District  — 
"Unecungga":  "Ga,"  473— Sir  Robert  Atkyns,  474— 
Miss  Sumner:  Mrs.  Skrine— Printer's  Bible— 'St.  James's 
Chronicle,'  475— "Sheeny"— "Scaltheen"— Wordsworth  : 
Variant  Readings  —  Ladies'  Hats  in  Theatres  —  John 
Haviland,  Printer  — '  Gentleman's  Magazine '  —  Club 
Etranger  at  Hanover  Square  — 'The  Parson  and  the 
Painter' — De  Quincey  and  Coleridge — Common  Hang- 
man—' Pride  and  Prejudice,'  477. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:— 'Chats  on  Autographs '—Reviews 
and  Magazines. 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

OBITUARY:— Dr.  T.  N.  Brushfield— T.  M.  Fallow. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THE  WORDSWORTHS  AND    SCOTT  : 
"  HORNSHOLE." 

A  CURIOUS  error  occurs  in  two  much-read 
works  of  the  early  part  of  last  century. 
The  first  of  these  is  Miss  Wordsworth's 
*  Recollections  of  a  Tour  made  in  Scotland, 
A.D.  1803.'  After  meeting  the  two  Words- 
worths  in  Jedburgh,  Sir  Walter  Scott 
accompanied  them  up  the  valley  of  the  Teviot, 
and  directed  their  attention  to  the  numerous 
objects  of  interest.  "  One  beautiful  spot," 
eays  Miss  Wordsworth, 

"I  recollect which  Mr.  Scott  took  us  to  see  a 

few  yards  from  the  road.  A  stone  bridge  crossed 
the  water  at  a  deep  and  still  place,  called  Home's 
Pool,  from  a  contemplative  schoolmaster,  who  had 
lived  not  far  from  it,  and  was  accustomed  to  walk 
thither,  and  spend  much  of  his  leisure  near  the 
river." 

There  can  be  no  doubt,  however,  that  the 
name  of  the  place  thus  referred  to  is  not 


"Home's  Pool,"  but  "Hornshole,"  a  well- 
known  deep  and  impressive  pool  in  the 
Teviot,  beautifully  situated  about  three 
miles  from  Hawick. 

In  his  *  Memoirs  of  Scott '  Lockhart  has 
unfortunately  illustrated  the  saying  that 
"a  story  loses  nothing  in  the  telling." 
When  giving  his  account  of  Scott's  acting  as 
cicerone  to  these  distinguished  tourists,  the 
biographer  stated  in  a  foot-note  that  he  had 
drawn  it  up  partly  from  his  recollection  of 
Wordsworth's  conversation  and  partly  from 
that  of  Miss  Wordsworth's  diary  of  the 
Scottish  tour,  which  the  poet  read  to  Lock- 
hart  on  16  May,  1836.  Hence  the  latter 
states  that  when  the  trio  proceeded  along  the 
valley  of  the  Teviot  towards  Hawick,  Scott 
made  them  halt  to  admire  a  spot  "  called 
Home's  Pool,  from  its  having  been  the  daily 
haunt  of  a  contemplative  schoolmaster, 
known  to  him  [Scott]  in  his  youth." 

But  if  the  place  was  named  after  some  one, 
and-  if  Scott  knew  him,  that  person  must 
have  been  a  modern  Methuselah !  As 
early  as  the  year  1494,  in  the  '  Acts  of  the 
Lords  Auditors,'  we  find,  mention  of  this 
place  under  the  name  "  hornyshole  " — the 
adjacent  habitation  being  then  occupied  by 
one  William  Douglas.  In  1516,  again, 
"  John  Turnbull  in  Hornishole "  dwelt 
there  ;  and  from  that  date  onwards  there 
are  copious  references  to  this  place-name 
in  the  forms  "  Hornishoill,"  "  Hornescheill," 
"Hornesholl,"  "  Horneshell,"  "  Hornsheill," 
and  ultimately  "  Hornshole." 

There  is  a  vague  "tradition"  that  two 
schoolmasters — brothers  of  the  name  of 
Home — on  the  occasion  of  a  visit  to  Mr. 
Inglis  (who  was  a  schoolmaster  in  Hawick 
about  1756),  attempted  to  cross  the  ice- 
covered  river  at  this  spot ;  but  that  the  ice 
gave  way,  and  they  were  both  drowned.  I 
have  failed  to  discover  any  information 
authenticating  the  existence  of  these  un- 
fortunate dominies,  and  believe  that  the 
story  was  invented  to  explain  the  place- 
name. 

It  is  very  probable  that  the  name  is 
composed,  of  our  old  English  word  "  horn," 
and  the  word  "  hole "  in  the  sense  of  a 
deep  pool  in  a  river.  But  whatever  be  its 
origin,  it  is  pretty  certain  that  the  name  of 
a  schoolmaster  either  known  or  unknown 
to  Scott  did  not  give  rise  to  it.  The  place 
undoubtedly  received  its  name  considerably 
long  before  schools  were  instituted  in  that 
neighbourhood.  There  is  a  remote  possi- 
bility, of  course,  that  a  schoolmaster  named 
Home  (of  whom,  however,  the  present 
writer  can  find  no  trace)  frequently  visited 


462 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  DKC.  10, 1910. 


Hornshole  in  the  eighteenth  century.  But 
the  history  of  the  place-name  shows  beyond 
doubt  that  his  name  does  not  form  the 
first  element  of  "  Hornshole." 

G.  WATSON. 


STAINED    AND    PAINTED    GLASS    IN 

ESSEX    CHURCHES. 

(See  ante,  p.  361.) 

As  in  my  former  article,  the  Roman  numerals 
in  this  list  refer  to  the  numbers  attached  to 
the  drawings  in  my  collection. 

HUNDRED  OF  HARLOW. 
Harlow  (Our  Lady  and  St.  Hugh).— IX.  In 
E.  window  N.  chancel  chapel.  Our  Lady 
with  the  Divine  Child  (14th  century).  A 
small  picture.  Our  Lord  in  His  mother's 
lap,  with  cross -nimbus  and  hands  resting 
on  a  flowered  branch  held  by  Our  Lady, 
who  is  seated,  vested  in  yellow  tunic  and 
ruby  mantle,  and  crowned,  but  without 
nimbus,  unless  it  be  hidden  by  lead  work. 
The  background  is  dark  green,  with  remains 
of  diapering  and  four  small  circles  con- 
taining symbols  of  the  Evangelists.  Our 
Lady  sits  beneath  an  arch  of  a  madder-brown 
tone,  which  is  ornamented  with  dots  and 
small  circles.  The  picture  has  a  light-blue 
border,  is  surmounted  by  a  small  circular 
ornament  (a  marguerite),  and  is  set  in 
rectangular  quarries,  some  of  which  are 
cut-up  parts  of  a  trellis  window,  and  others 
were  originally  of  their  present  shape  and  are 
decorated  with  conventional  flowers.  Above 
this  little  picture  is  a  design  in  yellow,  blue, 
and  ruby,  setting  forth  the  mystery  of  the 
Blessed  Trinity,  "  Pater  est  Deus,"  &c.  ; 
while  below  are  remains  of  a  border  of 
4-petalled  conventional  flowers 

X.  Fragments  of  border  in  same  window. 

XL,  XII. ,  XIII.  In  North  transept 
window,  amidst  a  great  deal  of  very  good 
18th-century  heraldic  glass  (1708),  three 
panels,  dated  1563,  in  brown  and  yellow, 
much  faded,  representing  (i.)  King  Solomon 
making  offerings  to  obtain  wisdom,  (ii.) 
Anointing  of  Solomon,  (iii.)  the  Judgment 
of  Solomon.  The  borders  are  Renaissance, 
the  titles  are  in  English,  and  under  each 
panel  is  written  "  Ex  Dono  Edm1  Feild 
Arm1." 

Great  Hallingbury  (St.  Giles).— XIV.  and 
XV.  A  few  fragments  found  in  the  chancel 
floor  when  the  church  was  restored. 

Little  Hallingbury  (Our  Lady). — None. 

Hatfield  Broad  Oak  (Our  Lady).— None 
in  the  church,  though,  when  the  ruins  of 
Hatfield  Priory  were  excavated,  several 


pieces  of  old  glass  were  found,  some  very 
rotten,  but  others  retaining  their  brilliancy,, 
but  too  small  to  utilize. 

Latton  (St.  John  Baptist). — In  E.  window 
of  Chapel  of  the  Holy  Ghost  and  Our  Lady 
on  N.  side  of  chancel  (now  the  vestry)  : — 

XVI.  Shield  with  ruby  border,  filled  with 
fragments  of  16th-  and  17th-century  glass. 

XVII.  Arms      of      "  Emanuell      Wollaye^ 
1604."     Vert,     2    woolsacks    arg.     between 
2  flanches  of  the  last,  each  charged  with  a 
wolf  pass,  azure  ;  in  the  fess  point  a  fleur-de- 
lis  or. 

XVIII.  Parted  per  pale  :    dexter,  Azure,, 
a  stag's  head  caboshed  or,  a  crescent  of  the 
last   between   the   antlers.     Sinister,    as   in 
XVII.     Below    the    shield     "  Emanuell    & 
Margreat  Wollaye  16Q4."     These  coats  have 
been  transposed  in  leading-up. 

XIX.  Same   as   XVIII.   without   the   in- 
scription. 

XIXa.  Small  piece  of  sheet  glass,  without 
leaden  binding,  representing,  in  brown  and. 
yellow,  husband  and  wife,  kneeling  on  either 
side  of  prayer-desk  with  children  behind 
them  (16th  century). 

XX.  Fragment     of     17th-century     glass, 
fruit  and  scrollwork,   with  motto   "  Vivere 
disc(e)  Deo."     Leaded  on  to  this  fragment 
is  a  small  piece  with  mutilated  lettering  (tn  ?)> 
and  date  1594. 

Matching  (Our  Lady). — None. 

Netteswell  (Our  Lady).— XXI.  In  W, 
window  (formerly  in  E.  window)  Our  Lady 
(14th  cent.)  standing,  in  yellow  tunic  and. 
blue  mantle,  with  right  hand  uplifted. 
Probably  this  piece  is  part  of  a  broken 
Annunciation  window.  Below  the  figure  is 
a  medallion,  green  in  centre  with  intricate 
floriated  scraped-out  design,  surrounded 
with  oak-leaf  border  in  brown  and  yellow. 
Figure  and  medallion  are  set  in  rectangular 
quarries  decorated  with  conventional  flowers 
and  &  border  of  ostrich  feathers  stuck  in 
scrolls,  all  much  decayed  and  fragmentary. 
I  have  elsewhere  suggested  that  this  border 
may  have  had  some  reference  to  Thomas  of 
Woodstock,  fifth  son  of  Edward  III.,  who,  as 
Earl  of  Essex  in  right  of  his  wife,  lived  a  good 
deal  at  Pleshy  Castle,  11  miles  only  from 
Netteswell.  Ostrich  feathers,  similarly 
treated,  are  found  on  a  seal  of  Earl  Thomas 
(Boutell's  '  English  Heraldry,'  4th  ed.,  1879, 
p.  243)  ;  and  certainly  the  ostrich-feather 
badge  is  in  English  heraldry,  primarily  at 
least,  a  royal  one. 

In  tracery  of  N.  window  of  nave  : — 

XXII.  Symbols   of   SS.    Mark  and 
(the  lion  and  the  ox). 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  10,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


463 


in  re-leading. 
I  have  recon- 
have  no  doubt 
it  fairly  repre- 
Thus  :— Parted 


XXIII.  Symbol  of  St.  John  (the  eagle). 

XXIV.  Symbol     of     St.     Matthew     (the 
winged  man). 

In  tracery  of  S.  window  of  nave  : — 

XXIVa.  St.  Mary  Cleophe. 

XXIVb.  St.  Mary  Salome. 

In  N.  and  S.  windows  of  chancel : — 

XXIVC.  Fragments  of  quarries  and  taber- 
nacle work. 

Great  Parndon  (dedication  uncertain). — 
In  N.  window  of  chancel : — 

XXV.  A  shield  of   12  quarterings.     This 
piece   of  heraldry  has  suffered  much  from 
the   latter-day    glazier.     As    it    stands,    the 
1st,  7th,  8th,  and  parts  of  the  9th  and  10th 
quarters  are  filled  with  fragments  of  17th- 
century  scroll  and  fruit  work  ;    the  3rd,  4th, 
and  6th  quarters  are  upside  down  ;    others 
are  in  their  wrong  places  ;    and  the  whole 
shield    has    been    reversed 

After  much  consideration, 
structed  this  shield,  and  I 
that,  as  so  reconstructed, 
sents  its  original  condition, 
per  pale.  Dexter  :  1st  and  4th,  Barry  of 
10,  aig.  and  azure  ;  over  all,  6  inescutcheons 
sa.,  3,  2,  and  1,  each  charged  with  a  lion 
ramp,  of  the  first  (Cecil)  ;  2nd,  Sa.,  3  castles 
arg.  (Carleon)  ;  3rd,  Arg.,  a  chevron  between 
3  chessrooks  ermines  (Walcot).  Sinister  : 
1st,  Or,  a  chevron  chequee  or  and  azure, 
between  3  cinquefoils  azure  (Cooke  of 
Gidea  Hall,  near  Romford)  ;  2nd,  Sa.,  a 
fesse  between  3  pheons  arg.  (Malpas)  ; 
3rd,  Or,  a  double-headed  eagle  displayed 
sa.  ;  4th,  Azure,  3  eaglets  displayed  in  bend 
between  2  bendlets  arg.  (Belknap)  ;  5th, 
Gu.,  a  fesse  chequee  arg.  and  sa.  between 
3  crosses  patee  arg.  ;  6th,  Gu.,  6  crosses 
patee  fitchee,  3,  2,  and  1,  arg.  ;  7th,  Or, 
2  bends  gu.  ;  8th,  Bendy  of  8,  azure  and  or. 
This  quartered  coat  represents,  I  think,  the 
arms  of  William,  1st  Lord  Burghley,  im- 
paled with  those  of  his  second  wife,  Mildred, 
daughter  of  Sir  Anthony  Cooke  of  Gidea 
Hall. 

XXVI.  and  XXVII.  Fragments  of  lost 
window  cut  up  and  leaded  into  quarries  : 
(i.)  A  female  face  with  remains  of  bordered 
veil,  (ii.)  A  head  (probably  an  angel's) 
with  band  round  the  hair,  surmounted  in 
front  with  a  cross,  (iii.)  Part  of  an  angel's 
wing,  (iv.)  A  piece  of  perpendicular  taber- 
nacle work. 

XXVIII.  Rectangular  quarries:  (i.)  Con- 
ventional floral  design.  (ii.)  The  words 
"John  Celley,  Esquier." 

XXVIIIa.  A  fragment  representing  a  port- 
cullis. 

.Little  Parndon  (Our  Lady).— None. 


Roy  don  (St.  Peter). — An  interesting  fea- 
;ure  of  the  ancient  glass  in  this  church 
s  the  fact  that  most  of  it,  fragmentary  as- 
t  is,  is  in  situ,  thereby  supporting  the  theory 
;hat  gradual  decay  has  played  a  greater  part 
than  active  destruction  in  the  loss  of  the 
painted  glass  which  formerly  filled  every 
window  in  our  old  churches.  In  the  eastern- 
most window  of  the  N.  aisle  are  several 
quarries  decorated  with  the  maple  leaf, 
some  of  them  being  so  faded  as  not  to  be 
visible  from  the  floor  level. 

XXIX.  ShoMrs  one  of  these  quarries  with 
a  fragment  of  border  and   some  pieces   of 
tabernacle  work  leaded-in  with  the  border 
pattern. 

XXX.  Border  and  fragments  in  western- 
most window  of  N.  aisle. 

XXXI.  Fragment    of    border    round    top- 
light  of  E.  window  of  N.  aisle. 

In  the  side  chancel  windows  are  a  few 
rectangular  quarries  : — 

XXXII.  Two  patterns  of  such  quarries  :• 
of  one,  a  cross  avellane,  there  are  four  in  the 
N.   chancel  window  ;     and  of  the  other,  a 
conventional  flower,   there   are   two  in  the 
N.  window  and  five  in  the  S.  window. 

XXXIII.  Fragments  of  tabernacle  work- 
in  westernmost  window  of  N.  aisle. 

Sheering  (Our  Lady). — Here  are  some 
very  fine  remains  of  early  Perpendicular 
glass  in  the  tracery  of  the  E.  window.  The 
whole  tracery  is  filled  with  one  subject — 
the  Coronation  of  Our  Lady — representing, 
to  use  the  words  relating  to  the  fifth  glorious 
mystery  of  the  Rosary,  "  how  the  glorious 
Virgin  Mary  was,  to  the  great  jubilee  and 
exultation  of  the  whole  Court  of  Heaven 
and  particular  glory  of  all  the  saints, 
crowned  by  her  Son  with  the  highest  diadem 
of  glory."  There  are  twelve  figures,  each  in. 
a  separate  compartment  of  the  tracery. 
Our  Lord  is  seated,  with  His  mother,  (who  is 
seated  and  crowned)  on  His  right  hand.  On 
either  side  of  them  are  angels  swinging 
censers,  while  other  angels  and  cherubim 
and  seraphim  are  above  and  around  the 
central  figures. 

XXXIV.-XXXVII.  Angels  in  upper  com- 
partments, labelled  Virtutes,  Prinsipales,. 
Potestates,  and  D'maciones. 

XXXVIII.  Angel  on  dexter  side  with 
censer. 

XXXVIIP.  Our  Lady. 

XXXVIIP.  Our  Lord. 

XXXVIIP.  Angel  on  sinister  side  with: 
censer. 

XXXVIIId  and  XXXVIII6.  Angel  and 
archangel  on  dexter  side  of  central  group. 

XXXVIIF.   Cherubim. 


464 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  n.  DEO.  10, 1010. 


XXXVIIP.  Seraphim.  I  fourth    son    of    Edward    III.,    and    great- 

XXXVIIIh.  Patterned  fillings-in  of  tracery    grandson    of    Edward    I.    and    Eleanor    of 
between  the  figures.  Castile. 

In  S.  chancel  and  N.  aisle  windows  : —  Anne  Boleyn  and  Katherine  Howard  were 

XXXIX,  XXXIXa,  and  XXXIXb.    Frag-    both   granddaughters    of   Thomas    Howard, 
ments  of  canopy  and  tabernacle  work,  tracery    Duke    of   Norfolk,    the    victor   of   Flodden. 
-fillings,  and  quarries.       F.  SYDNEY  EDEN.  *     Norfolk's  grandfather,  Sir  Robert  Howard, 
Maycroft,  Fyfield  Road,  Walthamstow.  married     Margaret,     daughter     of     Thomas 

(To  be  continued.)  Mowbray,  Earl  Marshal  and  Duke  of  Norfolk. 

This  duke  was  the  son  of  John,  Lord  Mow- 
In  section  Ih  MB.  EDEN  mentions  a  bray  (a  descendant  of  Edmund,  first  Earl 
:stained-glass  window  in  the  Hospital  at  of  Lancaster,  Edward  I.'s  brother),  by 
Great  Ilford,  and  asks:  "What  does  this  Elizabeth  Segrave,  granddaughter  of  Thomas 
picture  represent  ? "  A  young  man  is  of  Brotherton,  Earl  of  Norfolk,  the  elder 
embracing  an  old  one,  as  if  in  friendship,  son  of  Edward  I.  and  his  second  wife  Mar- 
and,  while  so  doing,  secretly  thrusts  his  garet,  daughter  of  Philip  III.  of  France, 
-sword  into  the  old  man's  side.  Jane  Seymour's  mother  was  Margery, 

Does  not  this  refer  to  the  treacherous  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  Henry  Wentworth  of 
slaughter  of  Abner,  the  captain  of  the  army  Nettlested,  Suffolk.  Sir  Henry's  father,  Sir 
of  Ishbosheth  (son  of  Saul),  by  Joab,  the  Philip  Wentworth,  had  married  Mary, 
captain  of  David's  army,  at  the  beginning  of  daughter  of  John,  seventh  Lord  Clifford, 
his  reign  (2  Sam.  iii.  27)  ?  The  houses  whose  mother  Elizabeth  was  daughter  of 
would  be  Hebron,  where  the  murder  took  Henry  Percy.  Hotspur's  wife  Elizabeth 
place  ;  the  mountains,  those  of  Judaea,  was  granddaughter  of  Lionel,  Duke  of 
which  are,  as  I  noticed  when  at  Hebron  in  Clarence,  son  of  Edward  III.  and  great- 
1908,  close  about  the  city  ;  and  the  water  grandson  of  Edward  I.  (see  1  S.  viii.  51-2). 
might  refer  to  the  large  pools  close  to  Anne  of  Cleves  was  great-great -grard- 
Hebron,  over  which  Ishbosheth' s  murderers  'laughter  of  Adolf  I.  of  Cleves  and  Mary, 
-vrere  hung  (2  Sam.  iv.  12).  daughter  of  John  Sanspeur,  Duke  of  Bur- 

The  main  incident  would  also  do  for  Joab  gundy.  John's  father,  Philip  the  Bold  of 
treacherously  kissing  and  slaying  Amasa,  Burgundy,  by  his  marriage  with  Margaret  of 
captain  of  Judah  (2  Sam.  xx.  10),  but  not  Flanders  reunited  the  Duchy  and  County  of 
-so  well.  L.  M.  R.  |  Burgundy.  This  Margaret  was  the  great- 

granddaughter  of  John  II.  of  Brabant  and 
Margaret,  daughter  of  Edward  I.  and  Eleanor 
of  Castile. 

Katherine  Parr's  father,  Sir  Thomas  Parr 


EDWARD    I.    AND    HENRY    VIII.'S 

QUEENS. 
iK.TAe    Caily    Ner    of    14    October    the  I  £™>f  ~  "^^^^S 


Aiice 


Seymour,  like  all  Henry's  queens,  was 
•ard  I.  He  suggests  that 
the  verification  of  this  statement  would 
form  a  nice  genealogical  puzzle  for  any  one 
who  was  addicted  to  such  bypaths  of  history  ; 
but  says  that  he  himself  is  quite  willing  to 
take  the  author's  word  on  the  subject. 

The  solution  of  the  problem  is,  I  think, 
.as  follows. 

Katherine  of  Aragon  was  the  daughter  of 
Ferdinand  of  Aragon  and  Isabella  of  Castile. 
Isabella,  her  husband's  first  cousin,  was 
great-granddaughter  of  John  of  Gaunt  by 
his  second  wife  Constance,  elder  daughter  of 
Pedro  the  Cruel,  King  of  Castile.  John, 
Duke  of  Lancaster,  commonly  called  "  of 
<s*aunt  "  from  his  birthplace,  was  the 


sister  of 
anddaughter 


of 


;  King- 
Ralph 


JOA 

A. 


R. 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  LONDON. — Contributors 
to  the  recent  discussion  on  this  subject 
(see  11  S.  i.  407,  495  ;  ii.  53,  113,  190),  and 
readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  in  general,  will  be 
interested  to  know  that  the  compilation 
of  the  much-needed  Bibliography  of  London 
History  has  been  undertaken  by  a  group  of 
London  enthusiasts.  The  work  is  to  be 
confined,  in  the  first  instance,  to  a  classifica- 
tion of  printed  books,  pamphlets,  tracts, 
and  articles  from  periodical  literature, 
At  some  future  date  a  systematic  enumera- 


ii  H.  11.  DEC.  10,  i9io.]      NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


465 


tion  of  MS.  sources  may  also  be  attempted. 
Further  particulars  will  be  gladly  supplied 
to  any  one  interested  by  Mr.  K.  H.  Vickers, 
4,  Verulam  Buildings,  Gray's  Inn,  W.C. 

H.  HADLEY. 

"  PIP,"  A  SPOT  ON  A  CABD. — I  formerly 
guessed  that  pip,  a  spot  on  a  card,  was  a 
peculiar  use  of  pip  in  the  sense  of  a  seed 
of  some  fruits.  The  '  N.E.D.'  shows  that 
this  is  impossible,  because  the  pips  on  a 
card  were  at  first  called  peeps,  as  in  Middle- 
ton,  about  1604  ;  whereas  pip,  in  the  sense 
of  seed,  does  not  appear  till  the  eighteenth 
century. 

But  I  believe  still  that  the  idea  is  correct ; 
and  I  now  offer  a  different  guess,  in  the  hope 
of  doing  better.  Peeps  on  a  card  may  easily 
be  the  same  word  as  peeps,  a  familiar  abbre- 
viation of  peepins,  which  was  another  form 
of  pippins,  and  really  a  better  form,  as  being 
closer  to  the  M.E.  pepin. 

See  the  quotation  from  Dekker  (about 
1600)  given  s.v.  '  Pip,'  sb.  3.  In  Dekker's 
'  Old  Fortunatus,'  Act  IV.  sc.  ii.,  the  Irish 
costermongers,  crying  apples,  call  them 
peepins  and  peeps  ;  where  peeps  is  obviously 
short  for  peepins,  in  the  sense  of  "apples." 
But  the  word  pepin  was  also  in  use  at  the 
same  date  in  the  sense  of  "  seed,"  as  is  shown 
by  the  quotation  from  Holland  (in  1601), 
s.v.  '  Pippin,'  sense  1  (seed  of  certain  fruits). 
And  this  form,  at  any  rate,  is  old  enough, 
for  pepin  (in  this  sense)  occurs  in  the 
'  Cursor  Mundi,'  1.  1366. 

I  think  it  is  safe  to  conclude  that  the 
M.E.  pepin,  used  in  both  senses  from  the 
fifteenth  century  downwards,  may  have 
familiarly  been  shortened  to  peep,  likewise 
used  (why  not .?)  in  both  senses. 

If  pip  on  a  card  cannot  be  from  pip,  seed, 
it  may  still  be  true  that  a  peep  on  a  card 
was  short  for  peepin,  a  pippin. 

WALTER  W.  SKEAT. 

RATS  AND  PLAGUE. — I  have  not  seen  it 
noticed  that  the  connexion  of  rats  with  the 
spread  of  the  plague  is  very  old.  In  1  Sam. 
vi.  4  the  Revised  Version  is  : — 

"What  shall  be  the  guilt  offering  which  we  shall 
return  to  him  ?  And  they  said,  Five  golden  tumours, 
and  five  golden  mice,  according  to  the  number  of 
the  lords  of  the  Philistines  :  for  one  plague  was  on 
you  all,  and  on  your  lords." 

Geikie  in  '  Hours  with  the  Bible  '  says  that 
"the  Hebrew  word  4akbar,'  translated  'mice' 
in  our  Bible,  includes  all  the  small  rodents  of 
Palestine and  literally  means  the  'corn-eater.'" 

Houghton  in  '  Animals  of  the  Bible  '  ('  The 
Bible  Educator,'  i.  108)  includes  among  "  the 
-smaller  Rodentia  "  "the  rat  and  mouse." 


The  "  tumours "  (in  the  Authorized 
Version  "Emerods")  point  plainly  to  the 
bubonic  plague.  The  Philistines  sent  these 
golden  symbols  of  their  plague  as  if  they  were 
closely  connected,  as  modern  research  has 
shown  to  be  the  case.  Geikie  points  out 
that 

"Tavernier  tells  us  that  when  a  pilgrim  (in  India) 
'  undertakes  a  journey  to  a  pagoda  to  be  cured  of  a- 
disease,  he  offers  to  the  idol  a  present,  either  in 
gold,  silver  or  copper,  according  to  his  ability,  in 
the  shape  of  the  diseased  or  injured  member.' " 

So,  when  the  Philistines  sent  the  golden- 
tumours  and  the  golden  mice  (or  rats),  they 
wished  to  send  a  complete  representation  of 
the  plague  that  was  troubling  them — in  factr 
cause  and  effect.  ERNEST  B.  SAVAGE. 
St.  Thomas',  Douglas. 

BLACK  RATS  IN  LONDON. — In  a  creepy 
article  on  rats  in  The  Graphic  of  12  Novem- 
ber Mr.  Philip  Gibbs  wrote  of  the  brown- 
rats,  black  rats,  and  grey  rats  which  re- 
sponded to  the  invitations  of  an  adept  em- 
ployed to  clear  a  City  restaurant  of  its- 
fauna  during  the  night-time.  Do  black 
rats  still  survive  in  any  large  number  in 
London,  or  was  Mr.  Gibbs  in  a  sort  of 
"  double,  double  toil  and  trouble "  atmo- 
sphere, which  made  him  think  <;  '  Black 
spirits,'  &c."  (as  the  "  Globe "  edition  of 
Macbeth  '  has  it  )  a  desirable  item  in  his 
vivid  picture  ?  I  should  have  thought  that 
where  the  Hanoverian  rat  swarmed,  the 
English  would  not  be.  The  present  raid  on 
rats  is  one  of  the  best  things  that  have  taken 
place  in  my  generation.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

PICKWICKS  OF  BATH. — In  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine  for  May,  1795  (i.e.  vol.  Ixv.  p.  441), 
js  the  following  record  under  date  23  April : — 

"  In  his  19th  year,  after  a  long,  often  flattering, 
but  at  last  fatal  illness,  Mr.  William  Pickwick, 
son  of  Mr.  P.  of  the  White  Hart  inn  at  Buth. 
He  had  been  but  a  short  period  entered  at  Oxford, 
when  the  rupture  of  a  blood-vessel  impaired  a 
constitution  naturally  good,  and  terminated 
in  depriving  society  of  a  valuable  young  man. 
and  his  distressed  parents  of  an  only  child  as 
amiable  in  manners  as  his  genius  was  promising." 

In  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  Novem- 
ber, 1807  (vol.  Ixxvii.  pt.  ii.  p.  1077),  under 
date  2  October,  is  the  following  : — 

"  This  evening  George  Hawkins,  driver  of  Mr. 
Pickwick's  coach  from  Southampton  to  Bath, 
was  taken  suddenly  and  very  alarmingly  ill  on 
Standerwick  common.  When  all  apprehensions  of 
immediate  danger  were  over,  he  was  unwilling  to 
be  carried  to  one  of  the  neighbouring  cottages, 
and  was,  at  his  own  request,  removed  to  the 
inside,  where  he  expired  before  the  coach  reached 
Bath  ;  leaving  a  wife  and  four  children." 


466 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  n.  DEC.  10,  mo. 


Presumably  the  above  William  Pickwick 


is  identical  with  the  following  : — 
"  Pickwick,     William,     s.     Eleazar     of 


Bath, 


.Somerset   (city),   gent.   St.    John's    Coll.,  matric. 


15    May,     1793, 
Oxonienses.' 


aged    16." — Foster's      '  Alumni 


Foster  also  has  the  following  : — 

"  Pickwick,  Rev.  Charles,  2  s.  Aaron,  of  Bath, 
Somerset,  gent.  Worcester  Coll.,  matric.  10  Oct., 
1822,  aged  19,  B.A.  1826,  died  at  Beckington 
Rectory,  Somerset,  12  Dec.,  1834." 

I  have  no  '  Pickwick  Papers '  at  hand,  but, 
if  I  remember  rightly,  the  name  on  the  coach 
which  was  an  offence  to  Sam  Weller  was 
Moses  Pickwick. 

Thus  we  have  Eleazar,  Aaron,  and 
•(probably  fictitious)  Moses  Pickwick. 

It  is  not  improbable  that  the  owner  of 
the  coach  (secc-nd  extract)  was  Eleazar 
Pickwick.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

GOATS  AND  Cows. — I  am  told  that  in  a 
•certain  part  of  Leicestershire  a  goat  is 
always  kept  as  company  for  the  cows,  as 
the  presence  of  Nanny — or  is  it  a  Billy  ? — 
prevents  the  cows  "  dropping  "  their  calves. 
This  bit  of  folk-lore  was  gathered  by  a 


friend  this  year  on  the  spot. 


L.  L.  K. 


BRIDGEFORD  CHAPEL  AT  LAMBTON,  co. 
DURHAM.  — Writing  about  1813,  Robert 
Surtees,  the  historian  of  Durham,  speaking 
of  the  above  chapel,  said  : — 

"  The  shell  of  this  little  oratory  lately  stood  near 
the  new  bridge,  on  the  left  of  the  road  immediately 
within  the  entrance  of  Lambton  Park.  The  east 
window  had  some  slight  remains  of  tracery." 

As  the  late  Mr.  Boyle  has  not  identified 
the  site,  it  may  be  of  interest  to  record  it. 
I  remember  it  50  years  ago.  On  the  south 
«ide  of  the  river,  and  immediately  to  the 
west  of  the  road  approaching  the  Lamb 
Bridge,  there  was  part  of  a  wall  standing 
&nci  the  foundation  of  a  building,  which 
•could  then  be  plainly  seen.  Local  tradition 
identified  this  as  the  site  of  the  old  chapel. 
HENRY  LEIGHTON. 

East  Boldon. 

MlLLIKIN    AND    ENTWISLE    FAMILIES.     (See 

10  S.  iii.  6.)— As  to  Halley  Benson  Millikin 
(born  circa  1750),  the  following  interesting 
entry  has  recently  been  supplied  by  Col. 
G.  S.  Parry  :— 

"  Will  of  Susannah  Parry,  widow,  of  Leyton- 
stone,  Essex,  mentions  her  daughter  Elizabeth, 
wife  of  Mr.  Halley  Benson  Milliken.  The  will  is 
proved  13  Nov.,  1784,  and  dated  25  April,  1780. 


The  persistent  recurrence  of  the  surname 
Parry  in  the  history  of  the  Halley  and  Pyke 
families  of  London,  Greenwich,  and  vicinity 
seems  to  be  significant.  Any  further  facts 
or  clues  would  be  gratefully  received. 

1,  Park  Row,  Chicago. 


EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
bo  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
:n  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


MATHEMATICAL   PERIODICALS  : 

T.  LEYBOURN'S 

'  MATHEMATICAL    REPOSITORY.' 
(See  ante,  p.  347.) 

I  AM  desirous  of  obtaining  particulars  as 
to  the  dates  of  issue  of  '  The  Mathematical 
Repository,'  edited  by  Thomas  Leybourn 
between  1795  and  1835.  I  am  acquainted 
with  the  articles  by  T.  W.  Wilkinson  in 
The  Mechanics'  Magazine,  Iv.  265,  306,  363, 
445  ;  Ivi.  134,  145,  445  ;  Ivii.  7,  64,  245,  291, 
483  ;  but  these  do  not  supply  the  details 
wanted.  Full  sets  of  the  '  Repository  '  are 
of  rather  uncommon  occurrence  (the  British 
Museum  appears  to  possess  not  a  single 
volume)  ;  and  I  have  been  unable  to  examine 
a  set  in  the  original  covers,  which  gave  pre- 
sumably the  dates  of  issue. 

Lowndes's  account  is  as  follows  : — 
"  Leybourn,  Thomas.    Mathematical  Repository, 
Lond.  1797-99,  3  vols.    21.   12s.   6d.    New  Series, 
12nos.,  forming  3  vols.     London,  1807-1812,  12mo, 
6  vols.  scarce. 

"Mathematical  Questions  proposed  in  the  Ladies' 
Diary,  1704-1816,  with  the  original  answers,  together 
with  some  New  Solutions.  Lond.  1817-18,  8vo. 

4  vols.  \L  Us.  Qd.    New  Series,  1826-30.     Lond.  8vo. 

5  vols,  and  3  parts  of  vol.  6  (ending  abruptly  at 
page  72).    At  the  end  of  Part  3  is  Cambridge  Pro- 
blems, 48  pages,  where  the  work  ceased.     Scarce, 
61.  6s." 

This  is  singularly  inaccurate.  The  latter 
half  of  the  second  paragraph  would  naturally 
be  supposed  to  describe  a  New  Series,  not 
of  '  The  Mathematical  Repository,'  but  of 
the  '  Mathematical  Questions,'  -  ^-*^«* 
work,  not  periodical  in  form, 
given  are  misleading,  and  vol.  vi.  does  not 
terminate  abruptly.  There  are  in  all  eleven 
volumes. 

I  append  a  description  of  the  completed 
volumes  as  known  to  me,  and  shall  be  grate 


a    distinct 
The   dates 


There  is  no  connexion  that  I  know  of  between  this  !  ful    for    supplementary    information    as    to 
family  and  the  Parrys  of  Deptford."  j  the  separate  numbers. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  10,  1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


467 


Vol.  I. — The  first  number  was  issued  in 
1795  (?  month)  with  the  title  :— 

"  The  Mathematical  Repository  :  containing  many 
ingenious  and  useful  Essays  and  Extracts,  with  a 
Collection  of  Problems  and  Solutions,  selected  from 
the  Correspondence  of  several  able  Mathematicians, 
and  the  Works  of  those  who  are  eminent  in  the 
Mathematics.  London  :  Printed  for  the  Editor  : 
Sold  by  Allen  and  West,  Paternoster  Row :  and 
Glendinning,  Charles-Street,  Hatton-Garden.  1795." 

It  contained  A2,  B — G6.     Pp.  [4] +  72. 

No.  ii.  is  promised  for  26  March,  1796.  It 
comprises  H — N6,  o4,  p.  Pp.  73-154. 

No.  iii.  has  for  signatures  Q — Y6,  z.  Pp. 
155-240. 

The  first  three  numbers  have  the  caption- 
heading  '  The  Mathematical  Repository,' 
but  this  is  not  repeated  in  Nos.  iv.  and  v., 
which,  however,  seem  to  comprise  pp.  241- 
320  and  321-420. 

The  completed  volume,  which  is  dedicated 
to  Charles  Hutton,  has  a  separate  title-page  : 

"  The  Mathematical  Repository.  By  T.  Ley  bourn- 
Vol.  I.  Second  Edition.  London  :  Printed  and  sold 
by  W.  Glendinning,  No  9,  Charles-Street,  Hatton- 
G-irden.  1799." 

It  has  pp.  iv.  -{-  2  -f-  420  ;  plates  i.-xiii. 

Had  the  first  edition  of  the  completed 
volume  a  different  date  of  imprint  ? 

The  second  volume  (pp.  viii.  +  466 ; 
plates  xiv.-xxvi.),  from  internal  evidence, 
appears  to  contain  Nos.  vi.  to  xi.,  but  there 
is  no  caption-heading  save  for  the  first  of 
these.  The  volume  is  dedicated  to  the 
Rev.  Nevil  Maskelyne,  and  the  covering 
title-page  is  dated  1801. 

The  third  volume  (pp.  iv.  +  264  ;  plates 
xxvii.-xxxiii.)  came  to  an  end  with  No.  xiv., 
the  questions  whose  solutions  are  promised 
(p.  149)  for  No.  xv.  being  answered  in  the 
previous  number.  It  has  no  dedication,  and 
only  one  caption-heading,  and  the  covering 
title-page  is  dated  1804. 

Witli  the  appearance  of  No.  ii.  of  the 
*  Repository  '  (in  1796  ?)  "  it  was  thought 
expedient  to  enlarge  the  original  plan  by 
including  in  it  whatever  relates  to  Natural 
Philosophy."  Accordingly  Nos.  ii.  to  xiv. 
contained  each  a  Second  Part  with  separate 
pagination,  and  these  Second  Parts  were 
afterwards  collected  into  two  volumes  (un- 
known to  Lowndes)  with  the  title-page 
"  The  Philosophical  Repository.  By  T.  Ley- 
bourn.  Vol.  I.  (II.).  London 1801 

(1804)."  [Nos.  ii.  to  xi.  ;  pp.  viii.  +  368  ; 
2  plates  (Nos.  xii.  to  xiv.  ;  pp.  iv.  -f  124).] 
The  first  thiee  issues  (from  Nos.  ii.,  iii.,  iv.) 
had  the  caption -heading  (on  pp.  1,  29,  65) 
"  The  Philosophical  Department  of  the 
Mathematical  Repository  "  ;  but  this  is  not 
subsequently  repeated,  and  it  is  difficult 


to  determine  from  the  bound  volume  where 
the  later  parts  began  and  ended.  I  shall  be 
glad  to  ascertain  this. 

With  vol.  ii.  of  '  The  Philosophical  Re- 
pository '  is  usually  bound  up  'k  A  Review 
of  Mathematical  and  Philosophical  Books. 
By  T.  Leybourn.  .  .  .London.  .  .  .1801  "  (pp. 
ii.  +  102). 

The  issues  of  1795  to  1803  had  a  page  of 
6|  by  4J  in.  ;  but  a  New  Series,  begun  in 
1804,  increased  the  size  to  9  by  5f  in.  The 
contents  of  each  number  usually  included 
three  parts  (with  separate  paginations)  : 
Mathematical  Questions  ;  Original  Essays  ; 
Memoirs  extracted  from  Works  of  Eminence. 
Twenty-five  numbers  of  this  New  Series 
appeared  at  irregular  intervals  from  1804 
to  1835  and  form  six  volumes  with  imprints 
1806  (Nos.  i.-v.),  1809  (Nos.  vi.-ix.),  1814 
(Nos.  x.-xiii.),  1819  (Nos.  xiv.-xvii.),  1830 
(Nos.  xviii.-xxi.),  1835  (Nos.  xxii.-xxv.). 
Questions  571  to  610,  appearing  in  Nos.  xxiv. 
and  xxv.,  remained  unanswered.  Vols.  iii. 
to  vi.  contain  reprints  of  the  Cambridge 
Problems  from  1811  to  1831.  The  only 
original  covers  that  I  have  seen  are  of 
Nos.  xvi.  (1  May,  1819),  xvii.  (1  Nov.,  1819), 
and  xviii.  (1  March,  1821).  I  \\ish  to  ascer- 
tain the  dates  of  the  other  numbers. 

Thomas  Ley  bourn' 3  '  Mathematical  Re- 
pository,' 1795-1835,  must  be  distinguished 
from  James  Dodson's  '  Mathematical  Re- 
pository,' 3  vols.,  1748-55  ;  and  from  '  The 
Gentleman's  Diary,  or  Mathematical  Re- 
pository,' 100  numbers,  1741-1840. 

P.  J.  ANDERSON. 
Aberdeen  University  Library. 


SIB  JOHN  THOMAS  BANKS  is  said  to  have 
been  born  in  London  in  1811,  but  some 
authorities  give  the  date  as  1816-17.  He 
died  in  1908  in  Dublin.  I  am  anxious  to 
know  in  what  part  of  London  his  birth  took 
place.  MICHAEL  J.  BANKS. 

13,  Gainsborough  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

ST.  HILDA  :  ST.  JOHN  DEL  PYKE. — Can 
any  correspondents  kindly  let  me  know 
where  early  figures  representing  St.  Hilda 
may  be  found  ?  I  shall  be  glad  to  know  of 
representations  in  stained  glass,  in  brasses, 
in  pictures,  or  in  engravings. 

Who  is  referred  to  in  the  dedication  of  one 
of  our  York  churches  to  St.  John  del  Pyke  ? 
GEORGE  AUSTEN. 

The  Residence,  York. 

"  BOLTON    FFAIRE    GROATES." In    an    old 

township  book  dated  1614  I  find  a  record  of 
payment  as  follows  : — "  Paid  00li.-0ls.-0d. 
tor  3  Bolton  ffaire  groates."  j 


468 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       in  s.  11.  DEC.  10,  wio. 


1.  What    is    meant    here    by    "  groat "  ? 

2.  Why    is    it    called    a     "  ffaire "     groat  ? 

3.  Did    the   groat  vary  in   different    towns, 
and  why  is  the  name  "  Bolton  ffaire  groat  " 
used  ? 

In  looking  up  various  authorities  I  find 
that  the  word  "  groat  "  is  in  some  instances 
a  coin  of  the  value  of  fourpence,  and  in  others 
a  measure  of  coarsely  ground  oats  ;  but  the 
latter  does  not  seem  to  fit  in  with  the  entry 
in  the  township  book  referred  to  above. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE,  F.R.S.L. 
Public  Library,  Bolton. 

NOTTINGHAM  MONASTERY  NOT  IN  DTJG- 
DALE. — There  appeared  in  The  Athenaeum 
of  20  August  last  a  review  of  a  book  pub- 
lished by  Champion  of  Paris,  and  entitled 
'  Rouleau  mortuaire  du  B.  Vital,  Abbe  de 
Savigni.  Edition  phototypique,  avec  Intro- 
duction par  L.  Delisle.'  With  regard  to  the 
contents  of  the  work,  the  Aihenceum  reviewer 


"Here  we  have  200  specimens  of  handwriting, 
some  of  considerable  extent,  all  of  the  same 
date  and  comparable  with  one  another.  Seventy 
specimens  of  writing  from  the  great  abbeys  of 
England  will  be  of  inestimable  value  to  palaeo- 
graphers. The  list  of  deceased  abbots,  &c.,  will 
add  to  our  lists  a  foundation  at  Nottingham  not  in 

Dugdale Moreover  this  manuscript  belongs  to  a 

time  (c.  1120)  when  a  transition  in  handwriting  was 

going  on Mortuary  rolls  were  sent  round  from 

great  abbeys  on  the  occasion  of  the  death  of  an 
abbot  to  ask  the  prayers  of  all  other  abbeys, 
in  friendly  relations  with  it.  It  was  the  custom 
for  each  abbey  visited  to  add  to  the  roll  a  list  of 
its  own  deceased,  and  to  exchange  prayers  and 
other  spiritual  benefits." 

The  foregoing  work,  obviously  of  high 
interest  to  such  as  are  interested  in  the 
earlier  religious  houses  of  this  country,  is  not 
accessible  in  Nottingham.  I  shall  therefore 
be  obliged  if  any  reader  having  access 
thereto  will  kindly  communicate  the  passage 
relating  to  an  alleged  unrecorded  Notting- 
ham monastery,  either  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  or 
direct  to  the  undersigned. 

A.  STAPLETON. 
39,  Burford  Road,  Nottingham. 

CAVALLINI  AND  EDWARD  THE  CONFESSOR'S 
TOMB. — Authorities  seem  to  differ  greatly 
as  to  this  great  artist,  his  work  and  life. 
The  ordinary  guide-books  tell  us  that  Abbot 
Ware  of  Westminster,  who  visited  Rome  in 
1256  and  saw  his  wonderful  mosaic  work 
there,  induced  him  to  come  to  England 
in  1260  and  erect  the  shrine  of  the  Confessor, 
and  also  lay  down  the  mosaic  floor  in  front 
of  the  high  altar.  On  the  other  hand, 
Pietro  Cavallini  or  Pietro  de  Cortona  is  said 
to  have  been  the  contemporary  of  Giotto, 


who  was  born  in  1276  !  Many  works  of 
Cavallini,  both  in  mosaic  and  on  canvas, 
are  catalogued  in  Du  Barri's  '  Painter's 
Voyage  '  (1679)  as  existing  at  St.  Peter's  and 
several  other  churches  in  Rome.  Were  there 
two  Cavallinis,  workers  in  mosaic,  one  about 
a  century  before  the  other  ? 

A  fine  example  of  the  artist's  work  seems 
to  have  been  secured  by  Horace  Walpole 
for  his  collection  at  Strawberry  Hill.  It 
consisted  of  a  shrine  originally  erected  in  the 
church  of  Sta  Maria  Maggiore  in  Rome  in 
1256  (mark  the  date),  "  over  the  bodies 
of  the  holy  martyrs  Simplicius,  Faustina, 
and  Beatrix,  by  John  James  Capoccio  and 
Vinia  his  wife"  (Pennant's  'London,' 
1793).  It  is  said  to  be  the  only  work  by 
this  artist  in  England  besides  those  in  West- 
minster Abbey.  Is  it  known  what  became 
of  this  shrine  after  the  dispersal  of  Walpole' s 
treasures  ?  WM.  NORMAN. 

BATTLE  IN  LINCOLNSHIRE,  1655. — About 
six  miles  S.E.  of  Grant  ham,  on  the  road  from 
Boothby  Pagnell  to  Ingoldsby,  near  the 
latter  village,  the  Ordnance  1-inch  map 
marks  "Red  hill,  site  of  Battle,  1655.". 
Can  any  one  say  to  what  incident  this  refers  ? 
The  Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Domestic,  for 
that  year  gives  no  indication  of  any  rising 
in  the  county  ;  and  I  have  carefully  ex- 
amined the  newspapers  of  the  Great  Civil 
War  time,  1642-6,  and  have  not  found  any 
reference  to  either  of  these  villages,  or  to  any 
fight  in  their  vicinity. 

ALFRED  WELBY,  Lieut. -Col. 

26,  Sloan e  Court,  S.W. 

WILKINSON,  COMEDIAN  AT  THE  ADELPHI 
THEATRE. — This  actor  performed  under 
the  management  of  Frederick  Yates  in 
several  dramas  based  on  Dickens,  and  he  is 
mentioned  very  favourably  by  many  authors, 
including  Dickens  himself  and  Thackeray. 
He  "  created "  on  the  stage  the  part  of 
Squeers.  What  was  his  Christian  name, 
and  where  can  I  find  particulars  of  his  life 
and  career  ?  S.  J.  A.  F. 

PETER  CAIRD. — May  I  ask  the  valuable 
aid  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  to  find  traces  of  two  Peter 
Cairds,  uncle  and  nephew  ?  The  first  was 
certainly  in  business  in  London  in  1753  ; 
the  second  was  married  in  London  in  1772  ; 
one  was  in  London  1788.  Either  may  have 
been  a  barber,  wig-maker,  or  tailor  (their 
father  was  a  tailor  in  Scotland).  One  Peter 
had  "  a  handsome  London  house,  a  foreman, 
and  went  out  on  his  business  journeys." 

CLAGGET. 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  10,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


469 


WET  HAY. — "  Give  me  some  wet  hay  : 
I  am  broken-winded.  I  do  account  this 
world  but  a  dog-kennel,"  occurs  in  Web- 
ster's 'Duchess  of  Malf  i '  (Act  V.  sc.  v.). 
Was  there  some  supposed  virtue,  in  wet 
hay  ?  The  words  are  used  by  Ferdinard 
after  he  has  been  mortally  wounded  by 
Bosola.  HENRY  FISHWICK. 

The  Heights,  Rochdale. 

DANTE,  RUSKIN,  AND  A  FONT. — It  is 
stated  that  Dante  once  saved  a  child  from 
drowning  by  breaking  off  a  portion  of  the 
font  in  Florence  in  which  it  was  immersed, 
and  that  Ruskin  obtained  this  portion,  and 
placed  it  in  his  study  in  his  house  at  Conis- 
ton.  What  authority  is  there  for  the 
report  ?  G.  S.  W. 

*  LES  six  AGES  DE  LA  FEMME  '  :  L.  H. — 
The  following  lines  were  written  by  L.  H., 
and  appeared  three  times  in  Le  Mercure 
de  France  in  September,  1779  : — =• 

Fille  &  10  ans  est  un  petit  livret 

intitule  le  Berceau  de  Nature  ; 
fille  a  15  ans  est  un  petit  coffret 
qu'on  n'ouvre  point  sans  forcer  la  serrure  ; 
fille  a  20  ans  est  un  charmant  buisson 

ou  maisst  chasseur  pour  le  battre  s'approche  ; 

fille  a  30  ans  est  de  la  venasion 

bien  faisande'e  et  bonne  &  mettre  en  broche  ; 
a  40  ans  c'est  un  gros  bastion 

ou  le  cannon  a  fait  plus  d'une  bre"che  ; 
a  50  ans  c'est  un  vieux  lampion 

ou  on  met  a  regret  une  meche. 
Who  was  L.   H.  ?  M.  J. 

ROYAL  HOUSEHOLD. — Is  there  any  book 
giving  lists  of  those  who  have  filled  posts 
under  Government  and  in  the  'Royal  House- 
hold ?  Y. 

[See  Chamberlayne's  '  Magnae  Britanniae  No- 
titia,'  of  which  there  are  many  editions,  and 
Haydn's  '  Book  of  Dignities.'] 

MONASTIC  SITES  AND  BURIED  TREASURE. 
— Can  there  be  anything  in  the  popular 
supposition  that  the  Monastic  Orders  buried 
a  considerable  portion  of  their  treasures  when 
the  news  of  the  eighth  Henry's  intentions 
became  known  ?  This  past  summer,  when 
visiting  West  Herts,  I  met  with  two  instances 
of  this  belief. 

At  Mar ky ate  Cell,  near  Flamstead,  there 
is  a  legend  current  that 

Near  the  Cell  there  is  a  well, 
Near  the  well  there  is  a  tree, 
And  'neath  the  tree 
The  treasure  be. 

At  King's  Langley  Priory  it  is  said  that 
on  a  certain  night  or  nights  two  friars  have 
been  seen  digging  in  what  is  now  the  orchard, 
but  which  was  originally  surrounded  by  the 


conventual    buildings,    the    gate-house    and 
lesser  guest-house  of  which  still  remain. 

Have  any  discoveries  ever  been  made 
upon  the  sites  of  monastic  houses  which 
would  give  colour  to  the  belief  ? 

W.  B.  GERISH. 

SALUSBURY  CADE,  M.D.,  was  physician  to 
St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital.  Whom  and 
when  did  he  marry  ?  The  '  Diet.  Nat. 
Biog.,'  viii.  175,  is  silent  on  this  point. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

FRANCIS  FINCH  was  elected  from  West- 
minster to  Trin.  Coll.,  Camb.,  in  1611,  and 
graduated  M.A.  1629.  I  am  anxious  to 
ascertain  his  parentage.  It  is  stated  in 
the  last  edition  of  Welch  that  he  was  a 
younger  son  of  Sir  Moyle  Finch  of  Eastwell, 
Kent,  but  Sir  Moyle's  son  appears  to  have 
matriculated  at  Oxford  in  1601. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

*  WALRUS  AND  THE  CARPENTER  '  PARODY. 
— An  Oxford  parody  on  '  The  Walrus  and 
the  Carpenter '  was  well-known  some  years 
back — a  good  many,  I  believe.  It  contained 
the  lines, 

How  many  notes  the  sackbut  hath, 
And  whether  shawms  have  strings  ? 
Can  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  say  where  it  is 
to   be   found  ?  G.    H.    SHAW. 

SIR  HENRY  GAGE,  1645.— The  late  Mr.  J. 
E.  Bailey,  F.S.A.,  stated  in  The  Manchester 
City  News,  13  March,  1880,  that 
"  on  the  occasion  of  a  sortie  from  Oxford  to  break 
down  Culham  Bridge,  Sir  Henry  Gage,  who  was  at 
that  time  Governor  of  Oxford,  met  his  death, 
llth  January,  1645,  and  that  event  was  celebrated 
amongst  others  by  Fin  more  (afterwards  Archdeacon 
of  Chester),  who  wrote  some  spirited  lines, 
beginning  : — 

Drums,  beat  an  onset ;  let  the  rebels  feel 
How  sharp  our  grief  is  by  our  sharper  steel ! ' 
Mr.    Bailey    unfortunately    did    not    state 
where  these  lines  are  to  be  found.     I  shall 
be  glad  to  discover  his  authority. 

There  are  some  lines  of  Byron's  somewhat 
like  the  above  : — 

Keen  were  his  pangs  :  but  keener  far  to  feel 

He  nursed  the  pinion  which  impelled  the  steel. 
R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

Sandgate. 

RICHARD  HALL  GOWER  of  Ipswich  died 
in  1833,  leaving  two  sons,  namely,  Richard 
Emptage  Gower  of  Bealings  and  Charles 
Foote  Gower  of  Ipswich.  The  latter  married 
Sarah,  daughter  of  David  Badham  of  Essex. 
Had  they  any  descendants  ? 

R.  VAUGHAN  GOWER. 

Ferndaie  Lodge,  Tunbridge  Wells. 


470 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  S.IL  DEC.  10, 1910. 


[  KNIGHTS  OF  THE   SWAN: 

BLUMENORDNUNG. 
(11  S.  ii.  369.) 

I  THINK  that  J.  D.  is  mistaken  when  he  says 
that  the  Order  of  Knights  of  the  Swan  was 
founded  at  Anspach.  Sir  Bernard  Burke 
in  'The  Book  of  Orders  of  Knighthood,' 
1858,  gives  an  account  of  the  Order,  pp.  211- 
218  ;  also  on  plate  67  is  a  coloured  repre- 
sentation of  the  badge  of  the  Order,  in- 
cluding part  of  the  chain. 

"  This  is  the  oldest  of  all  the  Prussian  Orders. 
It  existed  in  the  fifteenth  century,  under  various 
names,  such  as  :  '  The  Society  of  the  Madonna 
of  the  Swan,'  '  The  Society  for  the  honour  of  the 
Holy  Mother  of  Christ,'  *'  Order  of  the  Blessed 
Mary,'  *  Order  of  the  wearers  of  the  chain  of  St. 
Mary,'  '  Order  of  the  Swan,'  &c.,  and  had  its  seat 
jn  the  St.  Maria  Church  near  Brandenburg." 

The  Elector  Frederick  II.  founded  at 
this  church, 

"  on  29th  September,  1449,  a  corporation,  con- 
sisting (besides  the  Prince  himself)  of  thirty 
noblemen  and  seven  ladies,  who  were  bound  to 
say  daily,  in  honour  of  the  Blessed  Virgin,  seven 
Paternosters  and  Ave-Marias,  or  distribute  in 
default  seven  pfennige  daily  amongst  the  poor. 
They  were,  however,  to  prepare  themselves  by 
fast  and  prayer  for  the  solemn  celebration  of  the 
festival  of  the  Virgin,  and  pay  four  groschen  to 
the  Canons  on  every  quarter  day,  in  return  for 
which  the  latter  were  to  read  mass  on  the  same 
days  for  the  departed  souls  of  the  members, 
whose  names  were  read  over  aloud  011  that 
occasion. 

"  The  badge  which  the  members  were  bound  to 
wear  daily  by  fine  of  eight  pfennige  for  the  poor, 
consisted  of  a  neck  chain  of  thirteen  links,  joined 
together  by  rings,  and  each  of  which  represented 
<a  martyr-instrument)  two  saws  and  a  red  heart 
between  them,  the  figure  of  the  Blessed  Virgin, 
with  the  infant  Jesus  in  the  moon,  surrounded 
by  rays  in  oval  form,  appended  to  that  chain, 
and  of  a  swan  with  expanded  wings  placed  in  a 
towel  tied  in  the  form  of  a  bow,  the  two  ends  of 
which  were  adorned  with  small  golden  chains 
and  fastened  under  the  figure  of  the  Virgin." 
Then  follows  the  explanation  of  the  sym- 
bolic insignia  according  to  the  statutes. 

''  At  the  death  of  a  member,  the  chain  was 
returned  to  the  St.  Maria  Church,  where  a  funeral 
procession  took  place. 

"  After  the  lapse  of  three  years,  new  statutes 
were  published,  in  consequence,  as  it  appears  of 
complaints  made  by  the  monks  about  the  scanty 
and  insufficient  income  derived  from  the  endow- 
ment and  other  sources.  The  new  statutes  did 
not  limit  the  number  of  members  ;  but  required 
the  proof  of  four  generations  of  noble  descent." 
Provision  was  also  made  for  higher  fees. 

Pope     Nicholas     V.      confirmed      these 

statute*.     The    Order    counted    at    that    period 


forty-nine  members  in  Brandenburg  ;  twenty 
n  Brunswick,  Anhalt,  Mecklenburg,  and  Lusatia  ; 
and  thirty-four  in  Upper  Germany.  The  number 
of  the  unmarried  female  members  was  twenty- 
^hree. 

"  In  1450,  the  Knights  of  Franconia  having 
represented  to  the  Margrave  Albert,  brother  of 
the  Elector  Frederick  II.,  that  the  distance  of 
their  homes  from  the  seat  of  the  Order  was  too 
great  for  them  to  attend  regularly  the  meetings 
of  the  society,  it  was  arranged,  by  sanction  of 
the  Elector  and  of  Pope  Pius  II.,  that  the  Chapel 
of  St.  George  in  the  Cathedral  of  Anspach  should 
be  declared  a  branch  church,  where  all  the 
Knights  in  the  countries  beyond  the  Thuringian 
Forest  were  to  attend  on  festival  days,  though  the 
nomination  remained  as  before  the  privilege  of 
the  principal  church." 

The  Order  disappeared  from  Northern 
Germany,  where  it  had  existed  for  over  a 
hundred  years,  and  its  estates  fell  to  the 
Crown. 

"  At  the  date  of  its  extinction,  the  Order 
numbered  three  hundred  and  thirty-one  members, 
among  whom  were  twenty-four  Princes,  twenty- 
one  Counts,  eight  Barons,  nineteen  knights,  and 
two  hundred  and  twenty-nine  nobles  of  both 
sexes." 

"  The  fall  of  the  Order  caused  the  decline  of  the 
Chapter  in  Brandenburg.  In  1539  they  were 
forbidden  to  supply  the  ranks  by  new  members." ' 

"  The  Order  of  the  Swan  was  in  connection 
with  many  religious  societies,  and  more  especially 
with  the  Convent  of  the  '  Madonna  Congrega- 
tion '  at  Chatelleraut." 

The  Order  was  revived  by  a  decree  dated 
"  Berlin,  Christmas  Eve,  1843,"  by  Frederick 
William,  King  of  Prussia.  In  this  decree 
"The  Society  of  the  Order  of  the  Swan" 
is  spoken  of  as  "  the  oldest  Order  of  our 
House,"  which  "  was  founded  exactly  four 
hundred  years  back,  by  one  of  our  glorious 
ancestors,  the  Arch-Chamberlain  and  Elector 
Frederick  II.,  but  was  never  formally  abro- 
gated." The  decree  gives  1443  as  the  date 
of  the  statutes. 

There  was  to  be  for  the  revived  Order 
"  an  evangelical  head  institution  at  Berlin, 
for  the  attending  on,  and.  nursing  of  the  sick 
in  the  large  hospitals." 

"  Individuals  of  both  sexes,  and  all  creeds,  may 
be  received  into  the  Order,  if  they  bind  them- 
selves to  undergo.  the  labours  of  the 
Society." 

By  the  decree  the  King  and  Queen  took 
upon  themselves  "  the  office  of  Grand 
Mastership  of  the  Order,  and  therewith 
the  head  management  of  its  concerns." 

ROBERT  PIEBPOINT. 

A  partial  explanation  of  the  query  relating 
to  the  Knights  of  the  Swan  will  be  found 
in  Brewer's  '  Reader's  Handbook,'  pp.  563-4. 
Lohengrin  was  known  as  the  Knight  of  the 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  10,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


471 


Swan  because  he  sailed  in  a  vessel  drawn 
by  a  white  swan.  When  his  wife,  who  did 
not  know  his  name,  asked  him  to  tell  her, 
the  white  swan  appeared  and  carried  him 
away.  SCOTUS. 

The  Blumenordnung,  or  rather  Blumen- 
orden at  Nuremberg,  still  exists  under  the 
name  of  "  Pegnesischer  Blumenorden."  One 
of  its  presidents  in  the  nineteenth  century 
was  the  Reichsgraf  von  Soden,  the  author 
of  a  version  of  '  Faust,'  who  died  in  1831. 

The  Order  was  founded  in  1644  by  G.  P. 
Harsdorffer  (1607-58),  the  author  of  the 
'  Frauenzimmergesprachspiele  '  and  of  the 
so-called  '  Niirnberger  Trichter,'  and  by 
J.  Klaj  or  Clajus  (1616-56),  author  of  the 
*  Lobrede  der  deutschen  Poeterei '  (1645), 
containing  a  description  ^of  this  Order. 
Other  names  for  this  Order,  which  was  one 
of  the  numerous  German  "  Sprachgesell- 
schaften  "  of  the  seventeenth  century,  are 
"  Pegnitzer  Hirten-  und  Blumenorden  "  and 
"  Gesellschaft  der  Pegnitzschafer  oder  der 
gekr  onte  Blumenorden. ' '  The  first  presid  ent 
was  Harsdorffer,  who  had  received  the  name 
of  Straphon,  and  who  remained  president 
till  his  death  in  1658.  S.  von  Birken  (1626- 
1681),  author  of  the  '  Poetiken '  and 
'  Pegnesis,'  was  "  Oberhirt  "  in  1662.  The 
members  of  the  Order,  who  had  pastoral 
names,  cultivated  pastoral  poetry.  They 
were  fond  of  using  anapaests  and  dactyls. 
Their  attempts  at  drama  are  very  weak. 
Information  about  the  Blumenorden  may 
be  found  in  the  Festschrift  published  in  1894, 
and  in  J.  Tittmann's  book  on  the  '  Niirn- 
berger  Dichterschule  '  (1847).  There  is  also 
a  work  on  the  subject  by  J.  Herdegen, 
published  in  1744.  H.  G.  WAKD. 

Aachen. 


JEREMY  TAYLOR'S  DESCENDANTS  (11  S. 
ii.  209,  258,  351).— Seeing  by  accident  a 
few  days  ago  MR.  JOHN  WARD'S  reply  on 
this  subject,  I  should  like  to  add  a  few 
corrections  : — 

Jeremy  Taylor  was  twice  married.  By 
his  first  wife  he  had  three  sons,  who  all  died 
young.  By  his  second  wife,  Joanna  Brydges, 
a  daughter  of  Charles  I.,  he  had  two  sons, 
who  also  died  young.  One  daughter, 
Joanna,  married  Edward  Harrison,  barrister  - 
at-law,  of  Magheraleave,  M.P.  for  Lisburn 
during  many  Parliaments.  Their  daughter 
Mary  married  Col.  Francis  Columbyne  (her 
second  husband  was  Sir  Cecil  Wray)  ; 
a  daughter,  Frances  Columbyne,  married 
William  Todd  ;  their  daughter  Mary  Wray 
married  Conway  Jones  of  Homra, 


co.  Antrim.  Their  daughter  Frances  Jones 
married  Joseph  Pollock,  barrister  -  at  -  law, 
of  Ballyedmond,  Chairman  of  Quarter 
Sessions  for  Down.  Their  daughter  Mary 
Anne  Pollock  married  William  Clarke,  J.P. 
of  Belfast  (his  first  wife  being  Miss  Douglas)  ; 
and  their  son,  my  father,  Edward  Harris 
Clarke,  then  barrister-at-law,  afterwards  a 
director  of  the  Belfast  Bank,  married  a 
daughter  of  George  Black  of  Stranmillis. 

It  was  Charlotte  Jones,  sister  to  Mrs. 
Pollock,  and  wife  of  Col.  Henry  Wray,  who 

gave  the  picture  to  All  Souls  College  ;    and 
ady    Wray,    mentioned    above,    wrote    a 
sort  of  history  of  Jeremy  Taylor. 

The  picture  of-  Charles  I.  mentioned  by 
MR.  WARD  came  not  from  the  Taylor 
family,  but  from  a  William  Clarke  who  lived 
about  1700. 

The  Wilsons  are  not  descendants  of  Jeremy 
Taylor,  but  are  related  to  the  Clarkes 
through  the  Stewarts,  Legges,  Blacks,  and 
Eccles,  who  all  intermarried. 

Mr.  W.  C.  Gillilan,  nephew  of  the  late  E.  H. 
Clarke,  has,  in  addition  to  the  picture 
mentioned,  a  curious  old  cabinet,  the  pro- 
perty of  Jeremy  Taylor,  and  some  other 
curios. 

HENRY  WRAY  CLARKE,  M.A.,  M.I.C.E.I. 

Killowen,  Rostrevor,  co.  Down. 

WEARING  ONE  SPUR  (11  S.  ii.  367).— I 
remember  that  my  father  (b.  1808)  once 
told  me  that  in  his  young  days  the  butcher 
boys  rode  with  only  one  spur. 

WM.  H.  PEET. 

This  custom  continued  till  the  fifties  of 
last  century,  but  butcher-boys  only  observed 
it.     The  spur  was  worn  on  the  left  heel,  and 
the  basket  of  meat  carried  on  the  right  arm. 
JOHN  PAKENHAM  STILWELL. 

CLEY-NEXT-THE-SEA  CHURCH  :  "  WOOD- 
WOSE  "  (11  S.  ii.  388). — I  think  the  "  wood- 
wose  "  must  be  the  creature  referred  to  as  a 
"  wodehouse  "  or  "  woodhouse  "  in  Mr. 
Francis  Bond's  recent  work  on  *  Miseri- 
cords.' He  says  that  in  mediaeval  days  the 
classical  origin  of  the  satyr  seems  to  have 
been  forgotten ;  his  name  was  changed  to 
"  wodehouse,"  and  he  was  provided  with  a 
new  history  : — 

"  The  '  savage  man  '  lives  in  the  deserts  of 
India,  where  he  has  a  horn  in  the  middle  of  his 
forehead  ;  this  horn,  however,  is  but  rarely 
depicted.  He  lives  in  high  trees  on  account  of 
the  serpents,  dragons,  bears,  and  lions  which 
abound  in  those  parts.  He  is  naked  excepting 
when  he  has  killed  a  lion,  when  he  uses  the  skin 
as  a  garment :  hence  he  is  represented  as  a  hairy 
man."— P.  16. 


472 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  IL  DEC.  10, 1910. 


The  stem  of  the  font  at  Saxmundham  is 
encircled  by  miniature  wodehouses,  and 
there  are  other  fonts,  examples  of  that  kind 
of  treatment,  in  East  Anglia.  The  monster 
is  also  to  be  found  in  misericords.  See 
Bond,  pp.  16,  63,  83.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

In  the  Minutes  of  the  Goldsmiths'  Com- 
pany, under  the  year  1468,  is  a  record  of 
the  wardens  having  journeyed  to  Coggeshall 
in  Essex  and  inspected  there  a  dozen  of 
silver  spoons  with  "  woodwoses,"  which  had 
been  improperly  marked  with  the  "  liberd's 
heed."  That  means  that  an  offence  had 
been  committed  against  the  rights  and 
privileges  of  the  Company  by  a  local  silver- 
smith who  had  affixed  to  his  spoons  the 
leopard' s-head  mark  signifying  that  they 
had  been  tested  at  Goldsmiths'  Hall  and 
found  to  be  of  the  standard  purity  of  silver. 

I  know  of  no  other  instance  of  English- 
made  spoons  tipped  with  a  faun  as  a  finial, 
and  the  mid-fifteenth  century  is  a  very  early 
date  for  any  finial  of  so  elaborate  a  design. 
But  in  the  Eastern  Counties  of  that  period 
there  were  many  Dutch  silversmiths,  refugees 
from  the  Low  Countries,  and  in  connexion 
with  these  Coggeshall  spoons  the  name  of 
one  silversmith,  unmistakably  Dutch,  is 
mentioned.  Is  it  possible  that  not  only  the 
decorative  design,  but  the  word  "  wose " 
itself,  was  of  Dutch  origin  and  introduction 
into  this  country  ?  H.  D.  ELLIS. 

7,  Roland  Gardens,  S.W. 

Here  are  some  instances  of  "woodwose,'* 
taken  from  the  publications  of  the  Surtees 
Society  : — 

1381.  Thomas  Hatfield,  Bishop  of  Durham,  had 
a  bed  with  "  viij  tapecia  lanea . .  . .  cum  Wod- 
wysse  in  armis  ejusdem  intextis,"  ii.  37. 

1381.  The  same,  a  bed  "  broudatum  cum 
signis  de  wodewese  et  arboribus,"  iv.  121. 

1486.  A  testatrix  at  York,  "  sex  cocliaria 
argenti  cum  wodwysshes  deauratis,"  liii.  98. 

1498.  Agnes  Hildyard,  "  sex  cocliaria  optima 
arg.  cum  wodwoshes,"  liii.  133. 

W.    C.    B. 

A  "  woodwose  "  was  a  "  wild  man  of  the 
woods,"  a  satyr  or  faun,  and  was  used  by 
various  printers  for  a  sign  of  their  house  or 
as  a  printer's  mark.  In  England  we  have 
"  Peter  Treueris,"who  dwelt  in  Southwark, 
"  in  the  signe  of  the  Wodows,"  using  this 
mark  in  1526 ;  in  Paris,  Regnault  Chaudiere, 
"  sub  intersignio  homis  siluestris  "  ;  and  in 
Cologne,  Hermann  Boemgart,  "  proprie  tzo 
den  Wylden  Man,"  1502.  On  all  of  these 
marks  is  a  representation  of  a  "  wood- 
wose." JOHN  HODGKIN. 


THACKERAY  AT  THE  BRITISH  MUSEUM 
(11  S.  ii.  428).— In  the  '  Roundabout  Paper  ' 
entitled  '  Nil  Nist  Bonum,'  in  the  middle  of 
the  notice  of  Macaulay's  death,  is  a  passage 
on  the  British  Museum  Library,  ending  : — 

"  It  seems  to  me  one  cannot  sit  down  in  that  place 
without  a  heart  full  of  grateful  reverence.  I  own 
to  have  said  my  grace  at  the  table,  and  to  have 
thanked  heaven  for  this  my  English  birthright, 
freely  to  partake  of  these  bountiful  books,  and  to 
speak  the  truth  I  find  there." 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

GUICHARD  D' ANGLE  (11  S.  ii.  42,7). — 
Froissart  was  quite  correct.  In  1 352  William, 
Baron  Clinton,  was  Earl  of  Huntingdon  ;  he 
died  in  1354,  without  issue,  and  the  title 
became  extinct.  It  was  revived  for 
Guischard  d' Angle,  or  d'Angolesme,  who 
was  created  Earl  of  Huntingdon  on  16  July, 
1377.  He  was  a  Knight  of  the  Carter, 
and  died  without  issue  in  1380,  when  the 
earldom  again  became  extinct. 

John  Holland,  third  son  of  Thomas,  Earl  of 
Kent,  by  Joane  Plantagenet,  daughter  and 
heir  of  Edmund,  Earl  of  Kent,  younger  son 
of  Bang  Edward  I.,  was  created  Earl  of 
Huntingdon  on  2  June,  1387,  and  Duke  of 
Exeter  on  29  September,  1397. 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

Sir  Guichard  d' Angle,  K.G.,  Lord  of  Pleu- 
martin,  Boisgarnault,  and  Rochefort-sur- 
Charente,  was  created  Earl  of  Huntingdon  for 
life  only,  16  July,  1377.  He  made  his  will 
25  March,  1380,  and  died  before  4  April  in 
London,  having  had  issue  (by  his  wife 
Jeanne  Pean  de  Montpipeau)  one  son, 
Guichard  (who  married  Jeanne  de  Precigny, 
but  d.v.p.,  s.p.),  and  two  daughters,  both 
named  Jeanne :  the  elder  married  Jean 
Isore,  Seigneur  de  la  Varenne  ;  the  younger 
married,  first,  Renaut  Chenin,  Seigneur  de 
Mauze  ;  secondly,  Aimery  de  Rochechouart, 
Seigneur  de  Mortemar.  For  full  details  of 
Guichard' s  career  see  his  life  in  Beltz's 
'  Memorials  of  the  Order  of  the  Garter,' 
pp.  182-7.  G.  H.  WHITE. 

St.  Cross,  Harleston,  Nortolk. 

Sir  Guichard  d' Angle  was  governor  to 
Richard,  Prince  of  Wales,  1376,  at  whose 
coronation  he  was  created,  16  July,  1377, 
Earl  of  Huntingdon  for  life  only.  He  died 
s.p.m.s.  in  London,  March,  1380. 

John  Holland,  third  son  of  Thomas,  1st 
Earl  of  Kent,  was  created,  2  June,  1387, 
Earl  of  Huntingdon,  with  remainder  to  the 
heirs  male  of  his  body.  He  was  created, 
29  September,  1397,  Duke  of  Exeter,  from 
which  dukedom  he  was  degraded  6  October, 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  10, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


473 


1399.  He  was  beheaded  15  January,  1399/ 

1400,  and,  having  been  attainted  (as  Earl  of 
Huntingdon),  all  his  honours  were  forfeited. 
M.   ED  ME  DE  LAUKME  apparently  did  not 
notice    that    the    '  Dictionary    of    National 
Biography '    has   placed  a   query   after  the 
date  1352.  ALFRED  SYDNEY  LEWIS. 

Library,  Constitutional  Club,  W.C. 

[W.  S.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

WILLIAM  AISLABIE  (11  S.  ii.  429). — See 
The  Gentleman  s  Magazine,  vol.  xxix.  (1759) 
p.  497  :  "  List  of  Deaths  for  the  Year  1759.— 
Oct.  2.  Rev.  Mr.  Aislabie,  Chaplain  of  the 
Winchester."  I  am  unable  to  say  with 
certainty  whether  this  is  the  person  about 
whom  information  is  sought.  G.  F.  R.  B. 
has  no  doubt  seen  the  Aislabie  pedigree  in 
'  Familiae  Minorum  Gentium.'  There  is 
also  a  pedigree  of  Aislabie  of  Rotherham 
among  the  Sykes  MSS.  in  the  Leeds  Library. 
A  "  Robert  A.  of  Rotherham,  gentn,"  is 
named  as  the  father  of  another  Robert, 
who  d.  1723;  and  there  is  a  "  Revd  Wm 
Aislaby,  Vicar  of  Birkin,  m.  1741,"  son  of 
another  WTilliam  ;  but  I  do  not  find  a 
William,  son  of  Robert. 

I  have  a  considerable  collection  of  Aislabie 
notes  and  references,  and  might  by  further 
search  amongst  them  be  able  to  throw  some 
light  on  the  point  in  question,  if  G.  F.  R.  B. 
would  care  to  communicate  with  me  direct. 
BERNARD  P.  SCATTERGOOD. 

Far  Headingley,  Leeds. 
[MR.  F.  M.  R.  HOLWORTHY  also  refers  to  Gent.  Mag.} 

SYDNEY  SMITH  AND  THE  "  BOREAL 
BOURDALOUE  "  (11  S.  ii.  368). — The  word 
"  Boreal  "  points  in  the  direction  of  Scot- 
land, while  "  Bourdaloue  "  indicates  some 
famous  pulpit  orator.  The  epithet  "  Boreal 
Bourdaloue "  would  apply  with  peculiar 
appropriateness  to  Dr.  Chalmers,  then  a 
leader  of  the  Church  of  Scotland,  whose 
attainments  in  many  fields  caused  him  to  be 
described  as  a  "perfect  Jupiter  Olympus." 
In  the  early  decades  of  the  nineteenth  century 
he  was  all  that  Bourdaloue  was  in  the 
seventeenth.  From  Hanna's  '  Life  of  Dr. 
Chalmers  '  it  appears  that  he  was  in  England 
n  1838,  delivering  a  course  of  lectures  in 
London  in  defence  of  Church  Establish- 
ments. Chalmers  may  have  occupied  the 
pulpit  of  Combe -Florey  Church.  SCOTUS. 

THE  "HALLS"  DISTRICT  (11  S.  ii.  329, 
416). — There  is  a  great  deal  of  useful 
information  on  the  Halls  of  Lancashire  and 
Cheshire  in  the  various  volumes  of  the 
Transactions  of  the  Historic  Society  of 
Lancashire  and  Cheshire  and  the  Lancashire 


and  Cheshire  Antiquarian  Society.  MR. 
MITCHELL  might  also  consult  two  books 
by  the  late  Mr.  James  Croston,  F.S.A.  : 
'  Nooks  and  Corners  of  Lancashire  and 
Cheshire  '  and  '  Historic  Sites  of  Lancashire 
and  Cheshire.'  both  published  by  John  Hey- 
wood  of  Manchester. 

Alderman  Fletcher  Moss  (the  President  of 
the  Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Antiquarian 
Society)  has  written  a  series  of  charmingly 
illustrated  books  on  Border  Halls,  which  are 
only  obtainable  from  the  author  at  the  Old 
Parsonage,  Didsbury,  Manchester,  but  which 
certainly  ought  to  be  in  every  Free  Library 
worthy  of  the  name. 

See  also  the  fine  "illustrations  to  Mr.  J.  H. 
Cooke's  '  Bibliotheca  Cestriensis,'  published 
by  Messrs.  Mackie  &  Co.  in  1894,  and  the 
good  bibliography  therein. 

Another  interesting  book  is  '  The  Old  Halls 
of  Lancashire  and  Cheshire,'  by  Mr.  Henry 
Taylor,  F.S.A. 

T.  CANN  HUGHES,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

Lancaster. 

"  UNECUNGGA  "  :  "  YNETUNGA  "  :  "  GA  " 
(11  S.  ii.  143,  211,  272,  332).— PROF.  SKEAT 
invites  further  proof  of  my  contention  that 
the  ending  ga  in  the  ghost-words  noxgaga, 
ohtgaga,  unecungga,  and  ynetunga  is  both 
substantival  and  Jutish.  Before  supplying 
what  appears  to  me  to  be  proof  I  would  say 
that  I  am  acquainted  both  with  the  argu- 
ments which  depend  upon  the  erroneous 
breaking-up  of  "  SuSe-rige-ona "  into 
"  Sufteri-geona,"  and  with  those  which 
either  spring  from  the  denial  that  "  Elge  " 
equals  Elig-e,  or  which  ignore  the  true 
significance  of  "Elig-burh"  and  "  Eliga- 
byrig." 

The  Anonymous  Cosmographer  of  Ravenna 
who  wrote  in  the  seventh  century,  refers 
(v.  §  31)  to  the  "  insula  quse  dicitur  Britannia 
ubi  olim  gens  Saxonum,  ueniens  ab  Antiqua 
Saxonia  cum  principe  suo  Ansehis,  modo 
habitare  uidetur."  The  editors  have 
"  altered  the  evidence "  of  the  MS.  into 
Ansehis,  and  some  historians  believe  that 
Hengist  is  meant.  But  the  true  emendation 
is  Auschis.  This  is  a  Gothic  form,  and  its 
substitution  by  Ravennas  for  a  West- 
Germanic  one  is  not  without  parallel  in 
Italian  documents  of  his  time.  For  instance, 
in  two  letters  of  Pope  Boniface  V.,  which 
were  written  c.  625,  King  Eadbald  of  Kent 
is  called  "  Audu-baldus "  (Bede,  '  H.E.,' 
II.  x.,  xi.).  Now  a  Gothic  Auschis  postu- 
j  lates  (1)  an  Old  Saxon  Oschis  ;  (2)  an  A.-S. 
I  *Easc-is  ;  and  (3)  an  Old  Frisian  Asch-is  or 
Asch-i. 


474 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       in  s.  n.  DEC.  10,1910. 


1.  "  Oschis  Episcopus  "  occurs  c.  859  ;    v. 

*  Andrese      Bergomatis      Chronica,'      Pertz, 

*  SS.,'  iii.  236,  1.  21.       "  Disc  "  is  named  by 
Bede  (II.  v.),  and  identified  as  the  son  of 
Hengist,  "  qui  cum  filio  suo  Oisc  inuitatus  a 
Uurtigerno,    Brittaniam    primus    intrauit." 
**  Oisc  "    is   an  infected  form  of   Osci  ;     cf. 
Coifi,  Coin-,  Oidil-,  Boisil,  Loidis,  &c.,  all  in 
the  '  H.E.'    The  digraph  oi  is  the  forerunner 
of   oe,   which  indicates   "  i-umlaut  of   6,   of 
whatever  origin,  and  it  corresponds  to  West 
Saxon  e"  ;  v.  Wright,  '  O.E.  Grammar,'  1908, 
§194  (1). 

2.  If  everything  went  according  to  this 
rule,  we  should  get  a  W.S.  Esc  in  the  Winches- 
ter '  Saxon  Chronicle.'     But  the  name  does 
not  occur  therein  in  that    form.     What  we 
do  find  is  "  ^Esc,"  and  dEsc  would  be  the 
rule-right     W.S.     representative     of     Asci. 
This  personal  name  appears  in  the   '  Ger- 
mania '    of    Tacitus,    §    iii.,    where    we    get 
"  Asci-burgium . .  .  .in    ripa    Rheni    situm." 
But  W.S.  *Asci,  Mac,  for  Gothic  Auschis,  O.S. 
Oschis,    is   not   true   to   dialect.     What   we 
require  is  an  infected  form  of  *Easci,  namely, 
lesc,  Isc,  or  Ysc.    As  none  of  these  occur, 
we  may  conclude  that  the  W.S.   annalists 
did  not  adhere  to  their  own  dialect,  and  that 
they  borrowed  the  name  of  the  eponymous 
ancestor  of  the  Oiscingas  from  another  form 
of  speech. 

3.  This  was  most  likely  to  be  that  of  the 
Jutes  themselves,  and  the  native  name  of 
the  prince  whom  the  Northern- Angle  writer 
Bede  called  "  Oisc  "  may  therefore  have  been 
either   Asci    (which   yielded   W.S.    ^Esc)   or 
Aschis. 

In  the  *  Saxon  Chronicle '  ./Esc  is  said 
to  have  succeeded  Hengist  in  488,  and  a 
reign  of  24  years  is  assigned  to  him.  This 
requires  us  to  date  his  demise  in  512.  We 
hear  no  more  about  him,  but  in  the  Arthurian 
legend  a  King  Aschis  appears.  Gaimar  tells 
us  that  Aschis  suffered  death  for  Arthur's 
sake  there  where  Modred  did  so  much  harm, 
i.e.,  at  Camlan  ('  Lestorie  des  Engles,'  line 
524,  'R.B.  SS.,'  No.  91,  vol.  i.  p.  22). 
Geoffrey  of  Monmouth  calls  Aschis  "  Aschil- 

lius"  CH.R.B.,'  ix.  xn.,  x.  vi.,  XL  ii.). 

He  styles  him  king  of  the  Dacians  ;  like 
Gaimar,  he  enlists  him  among  Arthur's  allies  ; 
and  he  similarly  records  his  death  in  the 
battle  with  Modred  at  the  river  Cambula. 
In  this  connexion  "  Daci "  equals  Danes, 
and  Gaimar  knew  of  a  brother  of  Aschis 
named  Odulf  who  also  was  king  of  that 
people.  As  we  get  the  Teutonic  form 
"  Aschis "  in  unsophisticated  Arthurian 
legend,  it  would  seem  that  the  Hritons  took 
over  the  native  name  of  the  prince  of  the 


Jutes  just  as  the  West  Saxons  did.  Now 
Welsh  annalists  date  the  battle  of  Camlan 
and  the  death  of  Arthur  twenty -two  years 
after  the  battle  at  "  Mons  Badonicus," 
and  Bede  dated  the  latter  event  in  A.D.  492. 
Consequently  those  who  follow  Bede's  chron- 
ology, as  the  W.S.  annalists  certainly  did 
with  respect  to  the  Jutish  invasion,  must 
date  Camlan,  and  the  death  of  both  Arthur 
and  his  ally  Aschis,  in  A.D.  514. 

This  approximation  in  dating  the  death  of 
./Esc  and  Aschis  (512,  514),  taken  together 
\\ith  the  explanation  given  of  the  phonologi- 
cal differences  in  their  names,  warrants  my 
asserting  that  the  "Auschis"  of  Ravennas, 
the  "  Oisc "  of  the  Venerable  Bede,  the 
"  ^Esc "  of  the  W.S.  annalists,  and  the 
"  Aschis  "  of  Arthurian  legend  are  one  and 
the  same  prince,  and  justifies  the  identifica- 
tion made  above  of  "  Aschis  "  as  the  form 
which  that  prince's  name  took  in  his  native 
dialect,  which  was,  of  course,  that  of  the 
Jutes.  Consequently,  as  au,  6,  and  a  respond 
to  one  another  in  this  name  in  Gothic, 
Northern  Anglian,  and  Jutish  respectively, 
it  is  obvious  that  the  forms  gau-,  go,*  and 
gd  are  postulated  in  the  same  three  dialects 
when  "  land  "  or  regio  was  to  be  indicated 
by  this  vocable.  In  short  a  Jutish  "  Aschis," 
for  Gothic  "  Auschis."  requires  a  Jutish  gd 
for  Gothic  gau-.  ALFRED  ANSCOMBE. 

30,  Albany  Road,  Stroud  Green,  N. 

Sm  ROBERT  ATKYNS,  K.B.  (11  S.  ii.  429).— 
Sir  Robert  Atkyns  the  elder  married  (1) 
Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  George  Clerk  of  Wat- 
ford (some  say  Welford),  Northamptonshire  ; 
(2)  Anne,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Dacre  or 
Dacres  of  Herts.  From  the  parish  register 
of  Nether  Swell,  Gloucestershire,  it  appears 
there  were  at  least  two  children  besides  Sir 
Robert  the  topographer,  who  was  born  in 
1647,  and.  according  to  Foss  and  the 
'  Biographia  Britannica '  (1747),  was  by 
the  second  wife,  in  such  event  fixing  both 
marriages  before  that  year. 

The  late  Rev.  David  Royce,  Vicar  of 
Nether  Swell,  states  (Trans.  Bristol  and 
Glos.  Arch.  Sec.,  vii.  55)  that  in  the  first 
parish  register  of  Nether  Swell  there  are  six 
entries  made  by  Sir  Robert  the  elder.  This 
book,  the  lower  part  of  which  is  burnt  away, 


*  We  find  a  Croucingo  in  Ravennas,  who  assigns 
it,  with  many  other  names  of  places,  to  the  dis- 
trict near  the  Wall.  The  name  signifies  the  Go  or 
Ga  of  Crouc-o.  This  name  is  Alemannic,  and  i 
appears  correctly  in  WidsiS  as  Creac-  in  the  line 
"  Casewe  weold  Creacum  ond  Cselic  Finnum."  The 
political  centre  of  this  Ga  was  Craster,  the  Crau- 
cestre  of  Leland,  and  the  Cair  Greu  of  the  \\elsh 
Triads.  Cf.  8  S.  x.  216,  325. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  10,  mo.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


475 


with  consequent  disappearance  of  many 
dates,  commences  in  1678,  and  Mr.  Royce 
states  the  first  of  the  six  entries  to  be  "  the 
baptism  of  Robert,  the  son  of  Anne  D acres 
a  second  wife,  and  thus  half-brother  to 
Robert,  the  historian  of  the  county — 
which  second  Robert  lived  only  to  the 
March  following."  There  is  also  this  entry  : 

"  Anne  Atkyns  ye  daughter  of  S.  Robert  Atkyns, 
Knight  of  ye  Bath,  by  Dame  Anne  his  wife,  was 
married  to  John  Tracy  of  Stan  way,  in  this  county 
of  Gloucester,  esq.,  on  Monday  the  seventh  day  of 
August,  in  ye  year  of  our  Lord  Christ  one  thousand  six 
hundred  and  ninety  and  nine,  in  ye  Church  of  Lower 
Swell,  by  Mr.  Callow  ye  vicar  of  ye  said  Church, 
who  had  christened  ye  said  Anne  in  ye  same  parish 
on  Thursday  ye  eighth  of  November  in  ye  year 
1683.  Written  by  ye  said  Robert  Atkyns,  being  in 
ye  79th  year  of  his  age,  without  spectacles.  Blessed 
bee  God." — 'Glouc.  Parish  Reg,,'  w>l.  iii. 

If  the  register  is  correct,  Robert  the 
younger  was  by  the  first  wife,  and  from  the 
date  of  the  birth  of  Anne  this  seems  more 
probable.  Foss  and  *  Biographia  Britan- 
nica '  were  perhaps  misled  by  the  record 
of  the  second  Robert.  It  would  be  interest- 
ing if  the  actual  record  of  Robert  the 
younger' s  birth  could  be  given  by  some 
correspondent.  ROLAND  AUSTIN. 

Public  Library,  Gloucester. 

According  to  Rudder's  '  Gloucestershire,' 
p.  643,  Sir  Robert  married  (1)  Mary,  dau. 
of  Sir  George  Clerk  of  Watford,  Northants, 
and  (2)  Anne,  dau.  of  Sir  Thomas  Dacres  of 
Cheshunt,  Herts. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWBIGHT. 
[ScoTUS  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

Miss  SUMNEB  :  MRS.  SKBINE  OB  SKBEENE 
(11  S.  ii.  389). — I  have  received  the  following 
information  from  Mr.  H.  H.  Ball  of  27, 
Glenmore  Road,  Haverstock  Hill : — 

"  \Ym.  Skrine,  Esq.,  was  marriefl  at  St.  George's, 
Hanover  Square,  21  May,  1764,  to  Jane  Sunnier,  by 
Robert  Carey  Sumner.  The  marriage  is  announced 
in  The  London  Magazine  for  July,  1764. 

"  Robert  Carey  Sumner  was  Master  of  Harrow? 
and  as  he  died  in  1771,  aged  41,  he  was  most  likely 
brother  to  Jane,  the  uncle  referred  to  being  the 
Rev.  John  Sumner,  Head  Master  of  Eton  and 
Canon  of  Windsor.  See  '  D.  N.  B.'  for  both." 

HOBACE  BLEACKLEY. 
[  DIEGO  also  reiers    o  The  London  Magazine.} 

PBINTEB'S  BIBLE  (11  S.  ii.  408). — Accord- 
ing to  Lowndes,  two  folio  impressions  of  the 
King  James  or  1611  Bible  were  issued. 
According  to  Mr.  Dore,  there  were  three 
issues  of  the  same.  The  second  impression 
(Lowndes)  and  the  third  issue  (Dore)  are 
sayi  to  be  sometimes  dated  1613.  In  1612 


a  quarto  edition  of  the  Bible  was  published, 
while  in  1613  editions  both  in  folio  and  quarto 
appeared.  All  these  editions  differ  in  minor 
points.  It  almost  seems,  indeed,  as  if  every 
separate  copy  had  errors  of  its  own  to 
answer  for.  Perhaps  the  so-called  "  Printer's 
Bible  "  may  be  merely  an  individual  copy. 
In  confirmation  of  the  book's  Delusiveness," 
to  which  MB.  PEDDIE  refers,  it  may  be  stated 
that  Dr.  Brewer  is  almost  the  only  writer 
on  bibliographical  subjects  who  mentions 
the  "  Printer's  Bible."  He  gives  no  date 
of  publication,  neither  does  he  name  the 
publisher  who  issued  it.  Such  authorities 
on  Bible  bibliography  as  Home,  Lowndes, 
Darling,  Sclater,  Archdeacon  Cotton,  and 
Dore  make  no  mention  of  it,  having  appar- 
ently never  seen  it.  Has  MB.  PEDDIE 
examined  the  Bibles  in  the  Lambeth 
Library  ?  W.  SCOTT. 

'  ST.  JAMES'S  CHBONICLE  '  (11  S.  ii.  409).— 
This  was  begun  in  1760  by  Henry  Baldwin 
as  a  thrice-a-week  evening  paper.  According 
to  Grant,  it  was  the  direct  successor  of  The 
London  Postman,  founded  in  1724,  and  for 
many  years  provided  a  handsome  profit. 
Originally  Whig,  it  became  Tory,  but 
changed  again  several  times  in  its  later 
years.  Its  most  celebrated  editors  were 
Stanley  Lees  Giffard  and  Stephen  Jones, 
the  compiler  of  '  The  Spirit  of  the  Public 
Journals  '  and  the  four- volume  edition  of 
*  Baker's  Biographia  Dramatica.' 

The  St.  James's  Chronicle  absorbed  several 
other  journals  before  finally  merging  into 
The  Press,  which  I  believe  succumbed  in 
1845.  Its  office  for  many  years  was  at 
108,  Fleet  Street,  and  some  traces  of  this 
eighteenth-century  printing  establishment 
remained  until  1906. 

ALECK  ABBAHAMS. 

The  St.  James's  Chronicle  was  existing  in 
1761-8.  In  the  former  year  it  contained 
a  series  of  papers  by  George  Colman  entitled 
'  The  Genius,'  and  from  1764  to  1768 
'  Essays  and  Letters  in  favour  of  Public 
Liberty.'  See  the  '  Catalogue  of  the  Hope 
Collection  of  Early  Newspapers  and  Essay- 
ists in  the  Bodleian  Library,'  printed  at 
Oxford  in  1865.  W.  D.  MACBAY. 

The  St.  James's  Chronicle  was  issued  in 
1760  as  an  independent  Whig  organ.  Wilkes 
while  in  gaol  published  a  letter  in  it  in 
December,  1768,  for  which  he  was  brought 
to  the  bar  of  the  House  of  Commons.  In 
1827  The  Standard  was  issued  as  an  off- 
shoot of  it.  D.  M.  R. 


476 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tn  s.  n.  DKC.  10, 1910. 


I  have  a  number  of  copies  of  this  paper 
for  the  years  1789  and  1791,  and  shall  be 
happy  to  give  MB.  BIRD  any  further  informa- 
tion in  my  power. 

HOWARD  S.  PEARSON. 

[MR.  ROLAND  AUSTIN,  MR.  HOLDEN  MAC-MICHAEL, 
and  W.  S.  S.  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

"  SHEENY,"  NICKNAME  FOR  A  JEW  (11  S. 
ii.  409).— The  word  "  sheeny  "  is  defined  in 
Barrere  and  Leland's  '  Dictionary  of  Slang  ? 
as  a  Yiddish  and  popular  term,  commonly 
applied  to  a  Jew  by  Gentiles.  Its  origin  is 
somewhat  obscure  : — 

"It  is  probably  taken  from  schema—' schema 
jaudea  lischkol'— a  stupid  fellow  who  does  not 
know  enough  to  ask  or  inquire.  Schien,  a  police- 
man, and  schiener,  a  house-thief,  may  have  contri- 
buted to  form  this  rather  obscure  word." 

SCOT  us. 

A  "  sheeny  "is,  I  think,  a  Hebrew 
"  crook,"  and  the  word  is  probably  of 
Yiddish  origin. 

J.  HOLDEN  MACMICHAEL. 

"  SCAI/THEEN  "  :      AN   IRISH   DRINK    (US. 

ii.  426). — Having  myself  partaken  of  this 
potent  beverage,  I  am  able  to  speak  as  to 
its  ingredients.  Some  sixty  years  ago,  three 
young  lads  were  on  a  pedestrian  tour  in 
the  West  of  Ireland.  They  had  many 
adventures,  two  of  the  party  being  artists, 
another  the  scribe  of  the  tour.  One  day 
they  had  a  fatiguing  tramp  of  thirty  Irish 
miles  (42  English),  and  did  not  reach  their 
destination  till  darkness  had  fallen.  They 
had  enlivened  the  long  and  almost  trackless 
mountain  journey  by  singing,  marching  to 
stirring  airs.  The  result  was  that  towards 
evening  the  best  vocalist  had  completely 
lost  his  voice,  and  could  scarcely  whisper. 
The  wayside  farm-house  where  they  passed 
the  night  was  owned  by  a  kind-hearted  lady, 
who,  taking  compassion  on  the  voiceless 
youth,  suggested  a  jug  of  Skolkheen,  as  she 
named  it,  but  made  the  victim  promise  to 
take  every  drop  of  what  she  would  bring. 
All  three  were  given  a  bed  of  clean,  home- 
made linen  and  blankets,  spread  on  fresh 
straw  on  the  threshing-floor  of  the  spacious 
barn.  Mrs.  Daly,  their  kind  hostess,  came  as 
soon  as  all  were  under  the  blankets,  produc- 
ing a  quart  jug  of  steaming,  odorous  liquid. 
The  sufferer,  as  promised,  drank  it  off,  not 
without  assistance  from  the  lady,  who  held 
the  jug  to  his  mouth  till  it  was  emptied. 
This  was  about  10  P.M.  The  patient  did 
not  awake  till  noon  next  day  ;  his  two 
companions  were  seated  at  each  side  of  his 


bed,  their  knap-sacks  strapped  on  their 
shoulders.  They  had  been  alarmed  lest  he 
should  never  awake.  But  no  harm  resulted  ; 
the  youth  had  completely  recovered  his  voice. 
Mrs.  Daly  gave  the  recipe  for  her  remedy — 
a  big  cupful  of  whisky,  a  quarter  of  a  pound 
of  butter  without  salt,  six  fresh  eggs,  the 
jug  being  filled  up  with  new  milk,  boiled 
on  the  fire,  and  stirred  all  the  time.  So  here 
is  the  actual  composition  of  the  wonderful 
beverage.  The  patient's  experience  of  the 
treatment  was  that  before  half  was  down 
his  throat  he  felt  hopelessly  drunk,  for  the 
whisky  was  poteen,  pure  home-made  spirit 
that  never  paid  duty.  JOHN  WARD. 

Savile  Club. 

WORDSWORTH  :  VARIANT  READINGS  (US. 
ii.  222,  294,  416).— MR.  LANE  COOPER  is 
mistaken  in  thinking  that  I  proclaimed 
Messrs.  Macmillan's  green  '  Wordsworth  '  as 
"  authoritative  in  the  dating  of  Words- 
worth's poems."  I  spoke  of  certain  of 
its  features  as  "  thoroughly  commendable  " 
— a  view  which  I  am  fully  prepared  to  main- 
tain— said  that  it  had  a  "  fairly  exhaustive 
table  of  contents  "  and  quoted  from  this  the 
statement  that  the  sonnet  '  Down  a  Swift 
Stream  '  was  composed  in  1821,  and  first 
published  in  1827.  THOMAS  BAYNE. 

LADIES'  HATS  IN  THEATRES  (11  S.  ii. 
386). — For  special  mention  of  ladies'  hats 
in  theatres,  and  the  necessity  which  arose, 
because  of  their  size,  for  removing  them,  we 
have  to  look  sixty  years  earlier  than  1838, 
when  the  cloak-room  complaint  noted  at 
the  above  reference  was  made.  Fanny 
Burney  in  '  Evelina  '  (Letter  xxi.),  published 
in  1778,  described  the  heroine's  visit  to  the 
opera-house  with  the  Branghtons,  and,  in 
the  course  oj.  some  wrangling  over  the 
payment  at  the  doors,  Miss  Branghtoii 
exclaimed  :  "If  our  hats  are  too  high,  we  '11 
take  them  off  when  we  get  in.  I  shan't 
mind  it,  for  I  did  my  hair  on  purpose." 

A  more  striking  testimony  to  what  nowa- 
days is  known  as  "  the  matinee-hat  nuisance" 
was  borne  by  the  following  advertisement, 
which  appeared  just  ten  years  later  in  The 
Public  Advertiser  of  29  March,  1788  : — 
"King's  Theatre. 

"The  Manager  of  the  Opera  House  hopes  for  the 
Indulgence  of  the  Public,  in  laying  before  them  the 
great  Complaints  which  have  been  made  to  him, 
on  account  of  inconvenience  to  the  entertainments, 
arising  from  the  enormous  Caps  and  Bonnets, 
which  several  Ladies  make  it  a  Practice  to  appear 
in,  within  the  Pit  of  this  Theatre,  excluding 
thereby  that  Part,  which  is  presented  from  the 
Dancing  in  a  great  Degree. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  10,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


477 


"The  Manager  is,  therefore,  under  the  Necessity 
of  soliciting  the  Ladies  to  take  the  same  into  their 
Consideration,  and  humbly  presumes  for  their 
Indulgence  on  the  Occasion." 

One  further  early  illustration  can  be 
taken  from  Heinrich  Heine's  '  Florentine 
Nights,'  in  which  he  recorded  his  arrival 
in  Paris  just  after  the  Revolution  of  1830,  and 
"an  experience  at  the  Porte  Saint-Martin,  where  I 
saw  Alexandre  Dumas'  '  Tour  de  Nesle '  being 
played.  I  happened  to  be  seated  behind  a  lady 
who  wore  a  hat  made  of  rose-coloured  gauze  ;  this 
hat  was  so  broad  that  it  completely  interposed 
itself  between  me  and  the  scene,  so  that  I  witnessed 
the  whole  tragedy  through  a  screen  of  red  gauze, 
and  the  drama  appeared  to  me  in  the  gayest  rose- 
coloured  light." 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

JOHN  HAVILAND,  PRINTED,  1638  (11  S. 
ii.  407).— Timperley,  *  Dictionary  of  Printers,1 
p.  524,  adds  a  new  detail  to  the  facts  already 
cited  concerning  John  Haviland,  printer. 
By  his  will,  it  appears,  he  bequeathed  to  the 
Stationers'  Company  a  large  silver  bowl. 
The  presentation  is  thus  recorded  by  Timper- 
ley:— 

"1657,  July  7.  Before  the  dinner  held  at 
Stationers'  Hall,  Mr.  Andrew  Crook  presented  to 
the  company  a  large  silver  bowl  inscribed  'The 
Gift  of  John  Haviland,  Printer,  by  Andrew  Crook, 
Executor.'" 

SCOTUS. 

'  GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE  '  :  NUMBERING 
OF  VOLUMES  (11  S.  ii.  388).— MR.  P.  J. 
ANDERSON  draws  attention  to  the  following 
statement  printed  on  the  title-page  of  The 
Gentleman's  Magazine  for  July  to  December, 
1856  (Volume  I.  of  a  new  [third]  series,  and 
the  two-hundred-and-first  since  the  com- 
mencement," and  inquires  :  "  How  is  the 
number  201  arrived  at  ?  " 

The  editor  mentions  in  the  preface  of  the 
January — June,  1857,  volume  "  the  com- 
pletion of  another  volume,  which  I  hope  my 
readers  will  not  consider  unworthy  of  its 
two  hundred  predecessors''1 

This  statement  is  correct,  and  clearly 
shows  that  the  announcement  on  the  title- 
page  of  the  volume  for  July  to  December, 

1856,  is  a  mistake,  undiscovered,  and  there- 
fore unconnected,  by  the  editor  at  the  time  of 
going  to  press. 

MR.  ANDERSON  does  not  mention  some 
further  errors.  On  the  title-page  of  the 
volume  for  July  to  December,  1856,  and  also 
on  that  of  the  volume  for  January  to  June, 

1857,  there   is   printed   in  red   ink    "  being 
Volume  I.  of  a  new  series."     On  the  follow- 
ing    July — December,      1857,     volume     is 
printed     "  being    Volume    III.    of    a     new 
seiies." 


Volume  vi.  of  new  series,  July — December, 
1836,  is  dated  at  the  bottom  of  the  title-page 
as  1837,  instead  of  1836. 

Vol.  xxviii.  of  new  series,  July — December, 
1847,  on  the  shelves  of  this  club,  has  the 
title-page  of  July  to  December,  1846,  instead 
of  1847.  ALFRED  SYDNEY  LEWIS. 

Library,  Constitutional  Club,  W.C. 

[ScoTUS  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

CLUB  ETRANGER  AT  HANOVER  SQUARE 
(11  S.  ii.  407).—"  La  Salle  du  Festino  "  was 
probably  4,  Hanover  Square,  long  known 
as  the  Queen's  Concert-Room,  where  balls 
and  assemblies  were  held  to  rival  the  attrac- 
tions of  Mrs.  Cornelys's.  I  suggest  that  the 
"  Club  "  was  a  society  of  the  artists  engaged 
here  and  at  the  Antient  Concerts,  Totten- 
ham Street.  In  a  pamphlet  issued  by  the 
St.  George's  Club  entitled  '  Notes  and 
Jottings  on  Hanover  Square  '  there  is 
reference  to  a  "  Cercle  des  Etrangers,"  but 
this  belonged  to  a  much  later  date. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

*  THE  PARSON  AND  THE  PAINTER  '  :  PHIL 
MAY  (11  S.  ii.  388,  433).— Phil  May  published 
a  short  autobiography  in  The  Sketch  of 
29  March,  1893,  and  he  there  says  that  '  The 
Parson  and  the  Painter  '  originally  appeared 
in  The  St.  Stephen's  Review,  and  that  when 
it  was  issued  in  book-form  30,000  copies  were 
quickly  sold.  This  "  book-form  "  took  the 
shape  of  a  folio  bound  in  paper  covers. 

F.  J.  HYTCH. 

DE    QUINCEY    AND    COLERIDGE     (11     S.     ii. 

228). — Coleridge  refers  to  a  note  appended 
by  De  Quincey,  not  to  any  work  of  his  own, 
but  to  the  pamphlet  by  Wordsworth  which 
Coleridge  mentions,  namely,  '  The  Con- 
vention of  Cintra.'  See  Knight,  '  Letters 
of  the  Wordsworth  Family,'  i.  405,  417, 
&c.  LANE  COOPER. 

Cornell  University,  Ithaca,  New  York. 

THE  COMMON  HANGMAN  (11  S.  ii.  325). — 
In  an  account  of  an  execution  at  Kingston 
which  appears  in  The  Public  Advertiser  of 
Wednesday,  20  April,  1768,  it  is  stated  that 
"  Turlis,  the  Common  Hangman,"  was  much 
hurt  and  bruised  by  the  mob  throwing  stones. 
HORACE  BLEACKLEY. 

'  PRIDE  AND  PREJUDICE  '  :  CALENDAR 
MISTAKE  (11  S.  ii.  147,  434).— An  article 
in  The  Saturday  Review  of  19  November  last 
drew  attention  to  some  important  and  per- 
sistent misprints  in  '  Pride  and  Prejudice.' 
This  was  in  noticing  an  edition  of  the  book 
which  has  been  prepared  for  infant  minds. 

ST.  SWITHTN. 


478 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  DEC.  10, 1910. 


0n 


Chats  on  Autographs.  By  A.  M.  Broadley.  With 
one  hundred  and  thirty-five  illustrations. 
(Fisher  Unwin.) 

AUTOGRAPHS  of  all  kinds  are  a  fascinating  subject* 
on  which,  oddly  enough,  little  has  been  written. 
We  welcome  Mr.  Broadley's  book  as  at  once 
instructive  in  a  practical  way  and  distinctly 
entertaining.  The  illustrations  alone  give  us  on 
many  a  page  something  of  interest  to  linger  over, 
for  they  reproduce  letters  by  a  host  of  famous  men 
with  characteristic  touches.  Sometimes  the 
author  is  artist  too,  as  in  the  delightful  illustrated 
letters  of  Sir  Frank  Lockwood.  We  find  Cobden 
emphasizing  the  superiority  of  Free  Trade  to 
Protection  in  two  loaves  of  different  sizes,  and 
Thackeray  ornamenting  with  his  elegant  pen. 
But  even  where  there  is  no  picture  the  autograph 
gives  a  revelation  .of  the  training,  education,  apti- 
tudes, and  habits  of  the  writer  which  is  arresting 
to  any  one  who  goes  beneath  the  surface. 

Mr.  Broadley  has  quoted  some  interesting 
letters  and  comments  from  well-known  writers. 
In  particular,  he  notes  Stevenson's  gratitude  to 
an  unusually  considerate  seeker  after  his  auto- 
graph. From  a  book  beloved  by  the  Steven- 
sonian,  '  The  Wrong  Box,'  we  quote  a  passage 
which  seems  to  the  point  :  — 

"  Nothing  can  be  more  interesting  than  the 
study  of  signatures,  written  (as  they  are)  before 
meals  and  after,  during  indigestion  and  intoxica- 
tion ;  written  when  the  signer  is  trembling 
for  the  life  of  his  child,  or  has  come  from  winning 
the  Derby,  in  his  lawyer's  office,  or  under  the 
bright  eyes  of  his  sweetheart.  To  the  vulgar, 
these  seem  never  the  same  ;  but  to  the  expert, 
the  bank  clerk,  or  the  lithographer,  they  are 
constant  quantities,  and  as  recognisable  as  the 
North  Star  to  the  night  watch  on  deck." 

A  man's  signature  ought  to  be  the  clearest 
part  of  his  letter,  but,  alas  !  often  it  is  not. 
We  had  recently  a  letter  from  a  person  well 
known  in  the  book-world,  with  a  signature  which 
we  cut  off  from  the  rest  of  the  document,  and  no 
single  person  to  whom  we  have  shown  it  has  yet 
been  able  to  make  it  out.  This  practice  of  cutting 
off  signatures  is  strongly  deprecated  by  Mr. 
Broadley,  who  gives  abundant  advice  of  a  clear 
and  practical  sort  to  the  collector.  One  of  the 
first  things  he  ought  to  do  is  to  get  knowledge  of 
the  admirable  series  of  facsimiles  sold  at  the 
British  Museum,  which  will  show  him  the  writing 
of  many  famous  men.  The  swindler  flourishes  in 
this  trade  as  in  others,  and  we  are  presented  with 
illustrations  of  his  skill  in  a  Thackeray  forgery. 

On  the  matter  of  bargains  and  prices  Mr. 
Broadley  is  very  instructive,  and  at  the  end  of  the 
book  will  be  found  a  whole  conspectus  of  values 
in  the  record  of  the  Louis  J.  Haber  Sale  in  America. 
Bargains  are  not  so  hard  to  come  by  as  might  be 
imagined,  and  we  are  told  that  the  autograph 
is  often  much  cheaper  in  a  foreign  country  than 
in  the  land  of  its  origin.  Thus  the  author  made 
some  remarkable  finds  in  France.  Prices  depend 
on  various  circumstances,  some  of  them  not 
altogether  pleasant,  for  the  sudden  dispersal  of 
an  author's  letters  and  MSS.  generally  means 
that  his  legatees  are  in  want  of  money,  and  give 


to  the  world  what  they  might  prefer  to  regard  as 
private  treasures.  There  is  the  "  autograph 
fiend,"  too,  whose  machinations  worm  a  line  or 
two  out  of  the  most  reluctant  of  writers.  Mr. 
Broadley  bears  amusing  testimony  to  his  ingenuity. 
Many  pages  of  the  book  offer  admirable  matter 
for  quotation,  but  we  confine  ourselves  to  this 
little  piece  of  reflection  from  the  late  King 
Edward  : — 

"  I  do  not  know  how  it  is  that  [I]  am  ever 
naughty  for  I  am  much  happier  when  I  am  good 
and  I  mean  to  try  and  please  Mr.  Hollands. " 

A  model  boy,  indeed.  Not  so  rigorous,  we  are 
sure,  was  the  education  of  that  grandson  of 
Queen  Victoria  who,  according  to  Mr.  GK  W.  E. 
Russell's  excellent  story,  wrote  to  his  grand- 
mother explaining  that  he  was  in  want  of  money, 
got  in  return  the  reproof  one  would  expect  from 
her,  and  sold  the  letter  which  contained  it  for 
30s.  ! 

IN  The  Nineteenth  Century  politics  predominate, 
and  the  only  literary  article  is  '  Browning  Bio- 
graphy,' a  discourse  by  Miss  Emily  Hickey, 
founded  on  the  new  Life  of  Browning  by  the  late 
Prof.  Hall  Griffin,  completed  by  Mr.  H.  C.  Minchin. 
Miss  Hickey  writes  as  one  of  the  supporters  of  the 
Browning  Society,  and  some  of  her  information 
is  rather  trivial,  as  that  "  Waring  "  was  once 
present  at  a  meeting  of  the  Society  and  did  not 
speak.  The  paper  is  interesting,  but  somewhat 
loosely  put  together.  It  enters  on  the  question 
of  Browning's  religion,  as  to  which  we  should 
say  that  the  poet,  like  Tennyson,  varied  in  his 
views  from  time  to  time,  and  so  left  to  the 
world  passages  and  sayings  which  might  indicate 
opposing  views.  Prince  Kropotkin  concludes  his 
study  of  '  The  Response  of  Animals  to  their 
Environment,'  which  is  valuable  for  its  suggestion 
of  influences  at  present  underrated,  owing  to 
the  theory  of  Weismann.  Mrs.  J.  H.  Bell  is 
sensible,  but  not  particularly  enlightening,  in 
'  The  Creed  of  our  Children.'  Dr.  W.  H.  D. 
Rouse  writes  on  '  The  Place  of  Classics  in  Second- 
ary Education  :  a  Reply  to  Mr.  Arthur  Benson/ 
Dr.  Rouse  is  a  teacher  who  has  made  his  own 
theories  successful  in  practice,  but  he  has  already 
replied  to  Mr;  Benson  in  The  Cornhill  recently, 
and  we  are  a  little  tired  of  hearing  his  views  over 
again.  As  we  said  before,  we  deprecate  the 
tendency  of  magazine  editors  to  make  their 
pages  close  ground  for  a  few  selected  contributors. 

The  most  striking  paper  in  the  number  is  '  The 
Married  Working  Woman  :  a  Study,'  by  Miss 
Anna  Martin.  It  is  at  once  a  poignant  and  a 
veracious  study  of  the  burdens  borne  by  wives 
with  very  limited  incomes  and  no  hope  of  in- 
creasing their  resources.  The  gaiety  and  courage 
of  this  class  of  good  managers  and  desperate 
workers  are  convincingly  exhibited. 

IN  The  Cornhill  Mrs.  Woods  continues  her  vivid 
'  Pastels  '  with  an  account  of  Bulawayo  and 
Salisbury  which  includes  some  study  of  the  Mata- 
bele  character.  Mr.  J.  Henniker  Heaton,  writing 
on  '  The  Express  Letter  and  the  Express  Mes- 
senger,' points  out  the  delinquencies  of  the  Post 
Office  in  its  treatment  of  a  business  of  great 
use  to  the  public  :  "  Here  is  a  most  desirable, 
most  ably  managed,  and  much-required  institu- 
tion which,  though  '  cribbed,  cabined,  and  con- 
fined '  by  the  Post  Office  in  every  possible  way,. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  10,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


479 


has  just  managed  to  evade  suffocation  and  to 
exist."  We  think  that  he  makes  out  his  case, 
though  his  quotation  from  '  Macbeth  '  might  be 
more  accurate.  In  '  Some  Recollections  '  Mrs. 
W.  Y.  Sellar  publishes  views  of  some  eminent  men 
she  omitted  from  her  '  Recollections  and  Impres- 
sions '  published  three  years  ago.  The  new 
matter  is  pleasant,  but  much  of  it  is  hardly  novel. 
"  College  "  at  Eton  :  a  Point  of  View,'  by  Mr. 
Eric  Parker,  is  a  happy  expression  of  the  enthu- 
siasm of  an  old  boy  for  his  school.  We  learn  of  the 
fascinations  of  the  strange  Wall-Game,  and  that 
J.  K.  S.  is  well  remembered  as  a  great  figure. 
'  Personally  Conducted,'  by  S.  G.  Tallentyre,  is  a 
pleasant  story  of  an  old  rural  couple  who  went 
abroad,  were  hurried  round,  and  did  not  enjoy 
the  experience.  Col.  T.  A.  St.  Quintin  in  '  A 
Lion  on  the  Little  Tati  '  adds  to  the  many  narra- 
tives of  the  noble  beast  which  have  been  pro- 
duced of  late  years.  Mr.  A.  C.  Benson  keeps 
up  the  high  standard  of  his  essays  concerning 
persons  who  have  influenced  him  in  his  account 
of  Henry  Sidgwick.  WTe  only  regret  that  he  has 
not  dwelt  more  on  the  humorous  side  of  that 
venerable  and  lovable  figure. 

THE  editorial  article  in  The  Burlington  Magaaine 
deals  practically  and  wisely  with  '  National 
Memorials  and  King  Edward  VII.'  It  points 
out,  first,  that  the  statue  of  King  Edward,  which 
has  been  decided  on,  should  be  the  result  of  open 
competition  throughout  the  Empire,  and  that  the 
best  place  to  put  it  would  be,  not  in  the  Green 
Park,  but  "  on  the  high  ground  of  Hyde  Park 
towards  the  Marble  Arch,  a  place  of  more  popular 
resort  perhaps  than  the  Green  Park."  Of  the 
additional  schemes  already  proposed  nothing 
is  said,  but  another  is  suggested,  the  formation  of 
a  Museum  of  Oriental  Art,  which  would  recall 
the  King's  personal  interest  in  India. 

Dr.  Hofstede  de  Groot  discusses  a  newly  dis- 
covered picture  by  Venneer  of  Delft,  which  is 
figured  in  the  frontispiece,  '  A  WToman  weighing 
Gold.'  It  is  an  admirable  specimen  of  the  master's 
distinguished  and  delicate  style,  and  is  now  owned 
by  the  Comtesse  de  S6gur.  Incidentally,  the 
writer  gives  a  very  interesting  catalogue  of 
twenty-one  of  Vermeer's  pictures  as  sold  by  auction 
at  Amsterdam  in  1696,  a  few  years  after  his  death. 
Of  the  twenty-one  fifteen  can  be  identified  with 
more  or  less  certainty,  and  the  one  now  under 
discussion  fetched  the  third  highest  price, 
121.  18s.  4d.  ! 

Mr.  Roger  Fry  deals  with  a  '  Portrait  of  a 
Physician  '  attributed  to  Raphael,  which  is  illus- 
trated, and  which  he  regards  as  "  a  remarkably 
good  example  of  early  sixteenth-century  Italian 
portraiture,"  but  more  like  Lorenzo  Lotto  imitat- 
ing Raphael.  '  Buddhist  Art  in  the  Far  East ' 
is  discussed  by  Prof.  Petrucci,  while  Mr.  Lionel 
Cust  continues  his  '  Notes  on  Pictures  in  the 
Royal  Collections,'  and  Herr  Perzynski  his 
studies  '  Towards  a  grouping  of  Chinese  Porcelain.' 
But  the  article  of  deepest  interest  to  us  is  the 
second,  on  '  Vincent  van  Gogh,'  the  illustrations 
of  which  show  the  artist  as  an  appreciator  of 
nature  whom  all  can  understand. 

Among  the  reviews  will  be  found  notices  of  no 
fewer  than  seventeen  illustrated  gift-books. 
There  is  so  much  of  this  sort  now  published  that 
we  are  particularly  glad  to  have  expert  views 
as  to  the  merit  of  the  artists  and  designers  con- 
cerned. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — DECEMBER. 

MESSRS.  S.  &  E.  COLEMAN'S  Tottenham  Cata- 
logue 2  contains  deeds,  old  wills,  charters,  Court 
Rolls,  plans,  maps,  Acts,  and  various  other 
articles  relating  to  Cornwall,  Devon,  Essex,  Kent, 
and  other  counties.  Under  Cobham  Manor  is  an. 
important  plan  which  the  late  James  Coleman 
always  refused  to  sell.  Messrs.  Coleman  now 
offer  it  for  52Z.  10s.  Under  Kensington  Palace 
are  the  Royal  Household  accounts  for  part  of 
1696,  11  long  sheets  of  parchment,  21.  2s. 

Messrs.  Holdsworth  &  Smith's  (Ellis's)  Cata- 
logue 131  contains  works  under  Architecture,, 
including  a  large  and  sound  copy  of  Serlio,  tree 
calf,  1611,  12/.  12s.  Under  Aurbach,  is  the 
editio  princeps,  Gothic  letter,  of  '  Summa  de 
Sacramentis,'  printed-  by  Gunther  Zainer,  1469* 
84:1.  Under  Chaucer  is  the  rare  edition  by 
Thynne  (n.d.,  about  1545),  folio,  old  morocco* 
21Z.  A  list  under  Milton  includes  the  first  edition, 
of  '  Paradise  Lost,'  with  the  eighth  title-page* 
1669,  34L  The  copies  of  the  first  edition  with  the 
later  title-pages  possess  the  author's  "  reasons, 
why  the  poem  rimes  not,"  as  well  as  the  "  Argu- 
ments." Among  the  curious  errata  is  "  for 
hundreds  read  hunderds."  There  is  also  the  first 
edition  of  '  Paradise  Regained,'  1671,  a  clean,  but 
rather  short  copy,  unbound,  151.  15s.  Among 
the  prose  works  is  the  '  History  of  Britain,' 
first  edition,  1670,  small  4to,  morocco  extra* 
101.  10s.  Under  Shirley  is  a  first  edition  of  his. 
poems,  1646,  a  fine  tall  copy,  morocco  extra  by 
Riviere,  21Z.  In  one  of  his  songs  is  probably 
the  first  mention  of  a  named  racehorse,  "  Bay 
Tarral  that  won  the  cup  at  Newmarket."  Tenny- 
son items  include  the  first  collected  edition  of  his. 
Poems,  Moxon,  1842,  2  vols.,  with  inscription 
"  Dora  Quillinan  from  her  affte.  Brother  J~ 
Wordsworth,  Sept.  14th,  42,"  half-calf,  51.  15s. 
A  fine  copy,  from  the  Beckford  library,  of  Warton's 
'  English  Poetry,'  3  vols.,  4to,  russia  extra,  is, 
4Z.  4s.  ;  and  the^rst  edition  of  White's  '  Selborne," 
4  to,  with  the  large  folding  view  and  other  engrav- 
ings, a  fine  copy  in  bright  old  calf  gilt,  1789,. 
131.  10s. 

Messrs.  Maggs  Brothers'  Catalogue  261  con- 
tains Books  on  the  British  Islands,  Heraldry*, 
Voyages  and  Travels,  and  Natural  History- 
It  opens  with  works  on  English  counties,  followed' 
by  Wales,  Scotland,  and  Ireland,  and  then  the 
general  topography  of  the  British  Isles.  The 
portion  devoted  to  Voyages  and  Travels  covers 
Africa,  America,  Australasia,  India,  Japan,  &c. 
In  each  department  most  of  the  best  authorities 
are  to  be  found.  We  have  space  to  note  only  a, 
few  :  Kornman's  large  views  of  old  London  (one- 
of  40  copies),  Ql.  9s.  ;  Smith's  '  Antiquities  of' 
Westminster,'  1807,  4Z.  18s.  ;  Dallaway  ani 
Cartwright's  '  Sussex,'  1815-30,  3  vols.,  4to». 
full  morocco,  38Z.  ;  Carr's  '  Tour  through  Scot- 
land,' extra-illustrated,  4to,  morocco,  1809,, 
10Z.  10s.  D'Orfeville's  translation  of  Lyndsay'» 
'  Navigation  of  James  V.,'  levant  by  Riviere* 
Paris,  1583,  45Z.  ;  a  fine  and  uncut  copy  of  Acker- 
mann's  '  Oxford  and  Cambridge,'  5  vols.,  russia 
extra,  1814-16,  78Z.  ;  the  best  edition  of  Dug- 
dale's  '  Monasticon,'  8  vols.,  folio,  full  levant, 
1817-30,  327.  10s.  ;  Penafiel's  '  Ancient  Mexican 
Art,'  201.  ;  Lycett's  '  New  South  Wales,'  1824» 
1QI.  16s.  ;  Forbes's  '  Letters  from  France,'  extra- 


480 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  DEC.  10,  wio. 


illustrated,  2  vols.,  red  morocco,  1806,  121.  12s. 
Turner's  Annual  Tours,  complete  set,  large  paper, 
1333-5,  18Z.  18s.  ;  and  Janscha's  '  Views  of  the 
Bhine,'  large  oblong  folio,  russia,  1798,  881.  10s. 
Daniell's  '  Oriental  Scenery,'  1795-1808,  3  vols., 
elephant  folio,  is  Q51.  (a  set  remarkable  for  the 
brilliancy  of  the  colouring).  Another  fine  item 
relating  to  India  is  a  collection  of  80  original 
native  drawings,  5  vols.,  folio,  full  russia,  circa 
1780,  457.  Under  Portugal  is  the  original  official 
manuscript  treaty  of  marriage  between  Charles  II. 
and  Catherine  of  Braganza,  448  pp.,  folio,  bound 
in  contemporary  calf,  25/.  A  note  to  this  states  : 
"  Without  doubt,  the  only  record  extant  of  Queen 
•Catherine's  marriage  portion  and  the  trouble 
.ensuing  from  same." 

Mr.  William  Tait  of  Belfast  has  a  catalogue  of 
(books  from  the  library  of  the  late  Mrs.  Atwood  of 
jKnayton,  Thirsk,  Yorkshire.  They  treat  on 
Alchemy  and  the  Hermetic  Sciences,  Ancient 
Religions,  Astrology,  Mesmerism,  Spiritualism, 
"Theosophy,  &c.  .W7e  note  that  curious  storehouse 
of  hermetic  science,  '  The  Hermetic  Museum,' 
-translated  from  the  Latin  original  published  at 
Frankfort  in  1678,  2  vols.,  4to,  1893,  1Z.  15s. 
:South's  '  Inquiry  into  the  Hermetic  Mystery,' 
1850,  is  11.  7s.  The  Catalogue  states  that  this 
is  extremely  rare,  the  book  having  been  suppressed 
.after  twenty-five  copies  had  been  sold.  The 
.-authors  were  Thomas  South  and  his  daughter 
Marianne  (married  in  1858  to  the  Rev.  A.  Atwood). 
'Thomas Vaughan's  'Lumen de^Lumine,'  2  vols.  in  1, 
16mo,  1651,  and  '  The  Second  Wash  ;  or,  the 
Moore  scour'd  Once  More,'  2  vols.  in  1,  1651,  are 
:3L  3s.  ;  and  Lake  Harris's  '  Wisdom  of  the  Adepts, 
privately  printed  at  Fountaingrove,'  1884,  is 
21.  2s.  Among  works  of  Louis  Claude  de  Saint- 
Martin  is  '  Le  Nouvel  Homme,'  Paris,  .1795, 
II.  2s.  6cZ.  There  are  altogether  nearly  six 
{hundred  items.  * 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


DR.  T.  N.  BRUSHFIELD. — We  regret  to  announce 
the  death,  at  the  age  of  81,  of  Dr.  T.  N.  Brush- 
field,  F.S.A.,  which  took  place  at  his  residence 
•The  Cliff,  Budleigh  Salterton,  on  Monday, 
28  November,  after  a  short  illness.  He  was 
born  on  10  December,  1828,  and  began  his  pro- 
fessional career  as  a  pupil  of  the  London  Hospital, 
.of  which  he  was  subsequently  house  -surgeon, 
becoming  M.R.C.S.  Eng.  in  1850,  and  taking 
the  M.D.  degree  at  St.  Andrews -in  1862.  Dr. 
Brushfield  was  medical  superintendent  of  the 
-county  asylum  at  Chester  for  nearly  14  years, 
.and  afterward  of  the  Brookwood  Asylum, 
;Surrey,  for  nearly  16  years.  He  retired  from  the 
.latter  in  1882,  mainly  owing  to  the  effects  of  an 
injury  received  from  a  patient,  the  committee 
granting  him  a  handsome  pension  upon  his  retire- 
>ment. 

Twenty-eight  years  ago  he  took  up  his  residence 
at  Budleigh  Salterton,  where  he  devoted  himself 
largely  to  literary  pursuits.  The  general  public 
do  not  fully  appreciate  how  much  they  are  in- 
.  deb  ted  to  the  quiet,  unobtrusive  work  of  such 
men  as  Dr.  Brushfield.  He  was  a  valuable  con- 
tributor to  that  national  work  the  English 
Dictionary  published  by  the  University  of 
Oxford,  and  he  is  referred  to  in  the  preface  to  the 
first  volume,  containing  the  letters  A  and  B,  as 


having  furnished  no  fewer  than  70,000  references. 
He  published  many  works  on  local,  antiquarian, 
and  literary  subjects.  The  most  important  are 
a  '  History  of  All  Saints'  Church,  East  Budleigh,' 
and  those  connected  with  the  writings  and  life 
of  Sir  Walter  Ralegh,  of  whom  he  also  published 
a  Bibliography,  which  is  a  most  comprehensive 
and  valuable  work.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Medico-Psychological  Association  and  of  the 
British  Archa3ological  Association,  Local  Secre- 
tary of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  and  Past 
President  of  the  Devonshire  Association.  The 
pages  of  The  Western  Antiquary  abound  with 
papers  and  notes  contributed  by  Dr.  Brushfield  ; 
and  every  volume  of  the  Transactions  of  the 
Devonshire  Association  for  the  past  28  years 
contains  one  or  more  papers  from  his  facile  pen 
and  active  brain.  Dr.  Brushfield  possessed  one 
of  the  most  valuable  and  extensive  libraries  in 
the  West  of  England. 

In  the  quiet  retirement  of  Budleigh  Salterton 
he  led  a  very  active  life  and  did  much  valuable 
work.  His  geniality  and  humour  endeared  him 
to  every  one  with  whom  he  was  brought  in  contact. 
As  a  lecturer  he  was  always  a  favourite.  He 
was  also  the  author  of  many  papers  on  arche- 
ology in  the  Journal  of  the  British  Archasological 
Association,  and  in  the  Transactions  of  the  Chester 
Archaeological  Society,  of  the  Devonshire  Associa- 
tion, &c.  On  the  occasion  of  the  visit  of  the 
Canadian  and  American  journalists  to  the  West 
of  England,  Dr.  Brushfield  showed  them  over 
Hayes  Barton,  near  Salterton,  the  birthplace  of 
Ralegh,  and  gave  an  interesting  sketch  of  the 
life  of  that  brilliant  but  unfortunate  knight,  on 
whom  he  was  the  greatest  authority  of  his  day. 

Dr.  Brushfield  frequently  wrote  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 
from  5  S.  iv.  to  11  S.  i.  He  was  buried  at  Bud- 
leigh Salterton  on  the  3rd  inst. 

T.  M.  FALLOW. — On  25  November,  at  Coatham 
House,  Redcar,  died  Thomas  Me  All  Fallow, 
M.A.,  F.S.A.,  aged  63.  He  was  of  St.  John's, 
Cambridge,  a  member  of  the  legal  profession,  and 
a  well-known  Yorkshire  antiquary.  Contribu- 
tions by  him  are  entered  in  the  Index  to  our 
Ninth  Series. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
bo  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.G. 

A.  K.  HAY  ("Two  men  looked  out  from  prison 
bars  "). — Answered  at  10  S.  xi.  14. 

J.  B.  ('*  The  Previous  Question  ").— See  one  of  the 
many  books  on  Parliamentary  procedure. 

CORRIGENDUM.  —  Ante,  p.  432,  col.  2,  1.  19,  for 
"Talk"  read  Table. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  17,  WIG.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


481 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  17,  1910. 


CONTENTS.-No.  51. 

NOTES  :— '  St.  Ives  Mercury,'  481— Manor  of  Neyte  cum 
Eybury,  482— Inscriptions  at  Gibraltar,  483— James  I.  and 
King  Frederick  of  Bohemia,  484— Bohemian  Musical  Folk- 
lore—John Coston  in  St.  Botolph's,  Aldersgate  —  Bar 
"  Sinister"— Water-Shoes,  485-Stuart  and  Pyke  Families 
— "Doombar" — Purchase  of  Apsley  House,  486. 

QUERIES  :— Dr.  Brushfield's  Library— Liston  and  Ducrow 
—Pauper's  Badge— Lister  Family— Richard  Coope,  487— 
Ravenstonedale— Capt.  Woodes  Rogers— Authors  Wanted 
—Danes'  -  Blood  —  Colani  and  the  Reformation  —  High 
Stewards  at  the  Restoration,  488 -Rev.  F.  W.  Faber— 
'Tit  for  Tat'— Sir  J.  Trant— Eminent  Librarians— Abp. 
Cleaver  — Rogerson  Cotter  — Bp.  Fitzgerald  —  Richard 
Fogge  —  Raleigh  and  Tobacco  —  Stair  Divorce,  483  — 
'  Kossuth  Coppered,'  490. 

REPLIES :— Maids  of  Taunton,  490— Inscriptions  in  City 
Churches— Danby  Pickering,  492— "  Tenedish  "— Guichard 
d' Angle  — Exhibition  Motto  —  "  Forced  to  do  this  will- 
ingly," 493— Singing  at  Work— Duels»between  Clergymen 
—Thackeray  and  the  Stage— "Tenement-house,"  494— 
Dr.  C.  Fraiser— "Corbyn"— Duke  Robert  and  Arlette,  495 
—'Walrus  and  Carpenter'  Parody— Scissors  and  Jaws, 
496— Watermarks  in  Paper— Chyebassa— Beefsteak  Club 
—Dorothy  Vernon's  Elopement,  497— Corpse  Bleeding- 
Ladies  and  University  Degrees,  498. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— Lady  Russell's  '  Rose  Goddess  '— 
'  The  Fortnightly.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

OBITUARY  :-Prof.  Mayor. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


'ST.    IVES    MERCURY. 

ALL  that  appears  to  be  known  about  the 
St.  Ives  Mercury  is  the  allusion  to  it  in  the 
•first  number  of  the  Northampton  Mercury, 
12  May,  1720.  A  copy  of  this  rare  newspaper 
is  in  the  British  Museum  Library.  One 
hundred  and  seventy  years  later  (2  May, 
1890)  The  Northampton  Mercury  (still  in 
•existence,  without  a  break)  issued  to  each 
subscriber  a  facsimile  of  its  first  number. 
The  most  interesting  part  of  this  facsimile 
is  the  Introduction,  for  it  states  : — 

"  With  what  care  and  exactness  we  shall  acquit 
our  selves  of  this  undertaking,  has  been  already 
premis'd  in  the  .S7.  Ives  Mercury,  of  the  two 
preceding  weeks." 

The  imprint  is  : — 

"  Northampton  :  Printed  by  R.  Ha  ikes  and 
W.  Dicey,  near  All  Saints'  Church,  where  adver- 
tisements and  Letters  of  Correspondents  are 
taken  in,  and  all  manner  of  Books  printed." 

A  pamphlet  on  '  Robert  Raikes  and 
Northamptonshire  Sunday  Schools,'  1880, 
1>.  4,  also  refers  to  the  St.  Ives  Mercury,  and 
says  that  "  Raikes  must  have  been  con- 
nected with  this  paper,  otherwise  the  extract 
would,  not  have  appeared." 


'  Notes  on  Printers  and  Printing  in  the 
Provincial  Towns  of  England  and  Wales,' 
by  W.  H.  Allnutt  (with  additions,  B.M.  copy 
11899  c.  12),  includes  "Ives  (St.),  Cornwall, 
1720.  .  .  .St.  Ives  Mercury,"  on  the  authority 
of  Cotton. 

For  a  full  account  of  the  first  number  of 
i  the  Northampton  Mercury  and  succeeding 
j  numbers,  reference  should  be  made  to  the 
!  excellent  "Mercury  Extras  No.  10,  The 
\NorthamptonMercury,  1720-1901."  It  also 
gives  all  the  information  known  at  that  date 
about  the  St.  Ives  Mercury,  and  transcribes 
the  whole  of  the  Introduction,  of  which  I 
give  only  a  sentence.  I  do  not  quite  agree 
with  the  explanation  of  the  reason,  given 
by  the  "  Mercury  Extra,"  why  Dicey  left 
St.  Ives,  nor  with  its  description  of  St.  Ives. 
In  my  '  History  of  St.  Ives '  I  mention 
an  old  MS.  I  once  saw  which  stated  that 
Raikes  &  Dicey  went  on  printing  success- 
fully until,  happening  to  print  something 
that  did  not  please  Sir  Edward  Lawrence 
of  St.  Ives,  they  were  heavily  fined,  and 
soon  afterwards  left  the  town.  I  have  not, 
however,  been  able  to  confirm  this,  although 
I  know  that  Raikes  was  more  than  once 
fined  ;  but  this  may  explain  their  reason  for 
going  to  a  new  centre. 

The  Reading  Mercury,  of  which  a  copy 
of  No.  1  is  in  the  Bodleian  Library,  was  also 
modelled  on  the  St.  Ives  Mercury. 

"  St.  Ives  must  have  been  a  place  of  importance 
at  this  period.  It  evidently  ranked  with 
Northampton  and  Reading,  as  when  a  paper  was 
started  later  at  the  last-named  place,  this  was 
also  a  Mercury.  St.  Ives  was  quoted  as  a  most 
worthy  pattern  to  follow,  and  a  conclusive 
argument  in  favour  of  a  Reading  paper,  seeing  that 
St.  Ives  in  Hunts,  had  got  one." 

A  copy  of  the  St.  Ives  Mercury  now  in  my 
possession  is  the  only  one  known  to  be  extant. 
A  short  description  of  it  may  therefore  be 
interesting  to  readers  of  *  N.  &  Q.'  The 
title-page  is  as  follows  : — 

Vol.  I.  Numb.  6. 

St.  Ives 

Mercury  :  ** 

or,  the 
Impartial  Intelligencer, 

being 
A  Collection  of  the  Most  Material 

Occurrences, 
Foreign  and  Pomestick. 

Together  with 
An  Account  of  Trade. 

Monday,  November  16,  1719         To  be  continued 

Weekly. 

St.  Ives,  in  Huntingdonshire  ; 

Printed  by  William  Dicey,  near  the  Bridge,  where 

all  sorts  of  Books  are 

Printed 
[Price  Three  Half-Pence] 


482 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  DEC.  17,  mo. 


It  is  a  small  12-page  4to  paper,  pp.  61-72  ; 
the  first  page  given  up  to  the  title,  and  the 
last  to  advertisements.  Each  page  measures 
about  6  in.  by  8j  in.  The  asterisks  above 
mark  where  there  are  woodcuts.  The  first 
represents  a  postboy ;  the  second,  Britannia  ; 
and  the  third,  Fame,  with  an  open  scroll, 
inscribed  MOBTLITATE  VIGET.  The  third  was 
probably  used  for  No.  I.  of  the  Northampton 
Mercury,  as  the  figures  of  Fame  are  precisely 
the  same,  and  No.  Il.had  a  new  block. 

It  will  be  noticed  that  William  Dicey's 
is  the  only  name  in  the  imprint.  The  date 
is  1719,  and  it  is  No.  6.  It  was  thought 
before  that  Raikes  &  Dicey  printed  it,  as 
their  names  appear  in  the  Northampton 
Mercury. 

There  were  two  earlier  newspapers  printed 
at  St.  Ives  :  the  St.  Ives  Post,  18  March, 
1716,  to  16  June,  1718,  by  J.  Fisher  ;  and 
the  St.  Ives  Post-Boy,  No.  II.,  23  June,  1718, 
to  6  February,  1719,  by  R.  Raikes.  It 
looks  as  if  Raikes  succeeded  Fisher,  for  the 
St.  Ives  Post  ceased  on  16  June,  and  the 
St.  Ives  Post-Boy  appeared  on  23  June,  but 
it  was  No.  II.  It  may  be  that  Dicey  fol- 
lowed Raikes,  for  the  last  known  date  of  the 
St.  Ives  Post-Boy  is  6  February,  1719.  and 
the  St.  Ives  Mercury  is  dated  16  November, 
1719,  and  is  No.  6.  Raikes' s  paper  is  dated 
from  "Water  Lane,  near  the  Bridge"; 
and  Dicey' s  "  near  the  Bridge." 

This  copy  of  the  St.  Ives  Mercury  is  ex- 
tremely interesting,  as  it  is  the  exact  model 
and  forerunner  of  the  Northampton  Mercury 
of  2  May,  1720,  and  of  the  Gloucester  Journal 
by  Raikes,  9  April,  1722,  and  these  two 
papers  are  still  being  published,  with  un- 
broken records  of  nearly  200  years.  St.  Ives 
must  be  included  amongst  the  first  ten 
provincial  towns  to  produce  a  newspaper. 
HERBERT  E.  NOBRIS. 

Cirencester. 


MANOR  OF  NEYTE  CUM  EYBURY. 

DURING  the  last  two  years  London  topo- 
graphy has  not  ceased  to  expand.  I  wrote 
about  Neyte,  Eybury,  and  Hyde  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 
between  October,  1908,  and  January,  1909 
(see  10  S.  x.  321,  461  ;  xi.  22),  and  have  since 
discovered  that  my  conclusion  was  not 
final  regarding  Neyte.  That  conclusion  was 
submitted  in  January  last  to  the  Society  of 
Antiquaries,  when  discussion  of  the  subject 
led  to  a  modification,  which  is  expressed  in 
a  paper  entitled  '  The  Manor  of  Eia,  or  Eye, 
next  Westminster,'  now  printed  in  Archceb- 
logia.  The  ultimate  conclusion  I  feel  bound 
to  communicate  to  'N.  &  Q.' 


A  difficulty  had  long  lain  in  the  fact  that, 
whereas  there  was  plentiful  mention  of  the 
Manor  of  Neyte,  no  one  was  able  to  locate 
it.  The  word  "  manor  "  was  taken  in  the 
usual  sense  as  an  extent  of  land,  with 
tenants,  manor  house,  and  manorial  court.. 
The  site  of  the  manor  house,  which  had 
passed  out  of  knowledge,  had  been  dis- 
covered ;  but  no  land  could  be  found  beyond 
the  precincts  of  the  house.  On  the  contrary,, 
all  the  land  about  it  was  shown  to  be  in  the 
Manor  of  Eybury  (=Eia,  or  Eye  next  West- 
minster) ;  for  in  a  lease  of  Eybury  the  very 
fields  close  up  to  the  manor  house,  viz., 
"  The  Twenty  Acres  "  and  "  The  Abbot's- 
Meadow,"  which  were  always  retained  by  the 
Abbot,  are  shown  to  be  parcels  of  Eybury. 
Moreover,  as  tending  to  show  that  Neyte  was- 
landless,  by  a  clause  in  this  lease  of  Eybury 
certain  of  its  produce  was  to  be  delivered 
"  into  the  Manor  of  Neyte,"  meaning 
necessarily  the  precincts  of  the  manor 
house. 

In  the  case  just  cited  it  is  clear  that  the 
word  "  manor  "  meant  manor  house  only,, 
the  mansion,  or  as  in  French  manoir,  and  as 
the  word  was  used  by  John  of  Gaunt  when 
he  prayed  the  Abbot  to  lend  him  his  "  manoir 
del  Neyt."  This  has  been  my  contention  ; 
and,  if  such  was  the  meaning  in  one  case, 
why  not  in  others,  it  being  always  remem- 
bered that  no  extent  of  land  could  be  found 
for  Neyte  ?  Surely  my  argument  was- 
reasonable. 

The  restricted  meaning,  however,  proved 
to  be  generally  unacceptable  to  the  audience 
to  which  it  was  submitted  ;  it  was  said  that 
an  English  "manor"  always  implied  landr 
tenants,  and  a  manorial  court.  So  further 
search  for  evidence  was  made  at  the  Public 
Record  Office,  and  the  result  has  been  a 
wholly  unforeseen  solution  of  the  question. 
The  "  Ministers'  Accounts "  have  been 
quoted  by  me  as  showing  that  in  1320  the 
Manor  of  Neyte  was  a  stock-farm  or  depot 
for  the  King's  cattle ;  and  if  so,  there  must 
have  been  grazing  land,  either  in  Neyte  or 
Eybury,  though  not  mentioned.  In  this 
there  was  a  significance  which  at  the  time 
did  not  strike  me.  Further  search  in  these 
accounts  has,  however,  revealed  that  the 
stock-farm  is  indifferently  termed  the 
"  Manor  of  La  Neyte,"  the  "  Manor  of  La 
Neyte  juxta  Westminster."  and  also  the 
"Manor  of  La  Neyte  with  Eybury"  ("de 
La  Neyte  cum  Eybury  ").  Also  it  has  been 
discovered  that  there  was  but  one  court, 
which  is  called  "  the  Court  of  Eybury  "  ;  and 
the  returns  of  rents  and  works  indicate  that 
"  La  Neyte  "or  "  La  Neyte  cum  Eybury" 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  17,  mo.)       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


483 


was  the   one   manor    (Ministers'    Accounts, 
Bundle  919,  Nos.  12-24,  Rolls  12-20). 

Evidence  of  the  same  nature  is  also  found 
in  a  Chancery  Inquisition  post  Mortem  of 
17  Edw.  IT.  (No.  43),  wherein  there  is 
mention  of  land  in  Eye  held  of  the  King  of 
his  Manor  of  La  Neyte  and  Eghebury  (sic), 
with  suit  at  Eghebury  Court. 

The  conclusion  —  probably  ultimate  — 
therefore  is  that  Neyte  or  La  Neyte — in  its 
first  sense  the  name  of  the  Abbot's  seat,  his 
manor  house,  where  his  court  was  held  and 
his  authority  issued — was  frequently,  though 
not  always,  prefixed  to  the  original  name  of 
the  one  great  manor  Eye  or  Eybury.  Thus 
this  one  manor  is  indifferently  met  with 
as  Eybury,  Neyte,  or  Neyte  cum  Eybury. 
Hyde,  part  of  the  great  manoiu  is  assumed  to 
have  had  the  position  of  a  sub-manor  ;  but 
further  information  respecting  it  from  the 
Abbey  muniments  is  awaited. 

It  is  hoped  that  this  solution  of  a  long- 
standing difficulty  will  be  accepted  as  satis- 
factory, and  as  ending  the  fruitless  search  for 
a  distinct  manor  of  Neyte  apart  from  Eybury. 
W.  L.  BUTTON. 


INSCRIPTIONS     IN     THE     SANDPITS 
CEMETERY,    GIBRALTAR. 
(Concluded  from  p.  425.) 

SUBJOINED  are  the  remaining  inscriptions 
on  the  left  of  the  footpath  mentioned  in  the 
introduction  to  the  earlier  portion  : — 

SIXTH   ROW,    BEGINNING    AT    SOUTH   END. 

ST.  — es  Harriet,  d.  of  —  Master  Batterson 
(rest  gone). 

88.  Francis  Anquetil,  Esq.,  Barrack  Master,  d. 
18  Dec.,  1836,  a.  49.     Erected  by  his  Brethren  of 
the  Lodge  of  Friendship. 

89.  M.  K.  H.  York,  s.  of  Capt.  Dundee,  a.  20 
months.      (Very  indistinct.) 

'.MI.  Lieut.-Col.  Morris  Robinson,  Asst.  Barrack 
Master  General,  d.  28  Aug.,  1815,  a.  55. 

i»l.  Bt.-Lieut.-Col.  Edward  Shearman,  26th  or 
C;mnTonian  Reg.,  d.  8  Mar.,  1820,  a.  46. 

!>L!.  (.eorge  Wm.  Membhard,  Master  of  H.M.S. 
Vesuvius,  d.  suddenly,  19  June,  1844,  a.  34. 
Erected  by  Comr.  Erasmus  Ommaney  [sic.]  and 
(•Ulcers  of  the  ship. 

!':..  lunily  Eleanor,  w.  of  Lieut.-Col.  Fitzroy 
.M.-H-I.-MII.  Sl'st  Reg.,  d.  12  Ap.,  1838,  a.  35.  Their 
I;,  I !••••< ,,r  Charles,  d.  11  Ap.,  1838,  a.  12  days. 

!M.  Jan.-.  youngest  d.  of  the  late  Qr.-Master 
K.  Kin-.  1-li,  K.  Highlanders,  d.  21  Mar.,  1814, 
a.  18.  Harriet  Ellen,  d.  of  David  and  Julia  King, 
<!.  -JI5  Oct.,  1846,  a.  14  months. 

'.»."•.  Lieut.  Henry  Swettenham,  95th  Reg.,  who 
pome  to  this  Rock' in  search  of  health,  d.  27  Mar., 
Kiected  by  his  mother. 

!>«;.  Ale(x)r  Chesney,  d.  30  Aug.,  1823.  (A 
child. ) 


97.  Georgette,  the  early  friend  and  w.  of  ('apt. 
Chesney,  R.A.,  d.  18  Jan.,  182(5),  a.  35,  and  an 
inf.  boy. 

98.  airs.  Saint  Love  Barnard,  d.  9  Jan.,  1829 r 
a.  81. 

99.  John   Barnard    (Nicholl),   s.    of   Dep.-Asst. 
Com. -General  (Nicholl)  and  Elizabeth    his  w.,  d, 
15  Mar.,  1822,  a.  1  yr.  6  mths. 

100.  ,    s.  of  Robert  and  Elizabeth  Pringle,, 

keeper  of  H.M.  (?),  d.  Ap.,  1812,  a.  1  yr. 

SEVENTH   ROW,    BEGINNING    AT   NORTH   END. 

101.  Edward  Nainby,  b.  10  Jan.,  d.  4  Mar.,  1828, 

102.  Robert    Pringle,    Esq.,     Ordnance    Store 
Keeper,  d.  20  Feb.,  1827,  a.  49. 

103.  Adelaide  Mary  Ann,   d.   of  Mr.   John  F. 
Surges,    R.E.    Dept.,    d.    23   Dec.,    1854,    a.    13J 
months.     Adelaide   Burgoyne,   w.   of   the   above, 
d.  21  Aug.,  1855,  a.  21. 

104.  Edward,   s.   of   D.   A.   C.   G.   Charlier,   d, 
18  Ap.,  1830. 

105.  Marianne,  d.  of  Major  Crawford,  R.A.,  and 
Harriet  his  w.,  d.  3  July,  1831,  a.  3  months. 

106.  Richard  S.  G.  T.  Wegg,  inf.  s.  of  Major 
Wegg,  56th  Reg.,  d.  23  June,  1850. 

107.  George    Smith,    R.M.S.D.,    b.    20    Mar., 
1791 ;  d.  5  Jan.,  1835. 

108.  Augusta,  d.  of  Dr.  Halahan,  died  1  Dec., 
1847,  a.  (3)  months. 

109.  Penelope  Elizabeth,  d.  of Smith. 

1 10.  Lieut.  Henry  Buckridge,  R.E.,  d.  12  Ap., 
1821,  a.  25. 

111.  George     Brackenbury,     eldest     child     of 
Lieut.-Col.  Harding,  R.E.,  and  Grizilda  Ann  hisw., 
d.  9  June,  1829,  a.  10  months. 

112.  Augusta  Ann,  d.  of  Major-General  Robert 
and    Hannah   Pilkington,    d.    26    Aug.,    1825,    a. 
12  months. 

113.  Lieut.    Robert    Bull,    R.E.,    eldest    s.    of 
Col.  Bull,  C.B.,  K.H.,  Royal  Horse  Artillery,  and 
Harriet  his  w.,  d.  of  epidemic  fever,  17  Sep.,  1828, 
a.  25. 

114.  Charles  May  Johnson,  d.   22  July,   1833, 
a.  11  months.     Sarah  Ellis,  w.  of  Major  Johnson, 
5th  Fusiliers,   d.  5  July,  1842,  a.  43,  leaving  her 
husb.  and  2  children. 

115.  Fanny     Georgia na,      d.      of     Paymaster 
Pennington,  48th  Reg.,  d.  29  Sep.,  1842,  a*  19. 

116.  Sibella  Maria  Clune,  d.  of  Capt.  and  Pay- 
master Clune,  5th  Fusiliers,  d.  15  Nov.,  1842,  a. 
4  months. 

117.  Alexr.  Douglas,  s.  of  Capt.  Irving,  R.A., 
d.  7  June,  1848,  a.  13  months. 

118.  Jane,  w.  of  Qr.-Master  Geo.  Linford,  2nd 
West  York  Militia,  late  7th    R.  Fusiliers,  d.  25 
Aug.,  1855,  a.  39. 

119.  John  Hepburn  Jenkins,  s.  of  Lieut.  M.  J. 
Jenkins  and    Jane    his  w.,  12th  Reg.,  d.  2  Sep., 
1826,  a.  1J  years. 

120.  James   Jones,  s.  of  Paymaster  Wadeson, 
12th  Reg.,  d.  19  Feb.,  1830,  a.  1  yr.  4  months. 

121.  William     Hacket,     M.D.,     Insp.-Gen.     of 
Military  Hospitals,  d.  29  May,  1854,  a.  74.     He 
served   at  \Valcheren,  throughout   the  American 
War,  and  the  campaign  of  1814  in  Holland. 

122.  Lieut.  Archibald  Campbell,  Town  (Adjt.) 
of  Gibraltar,   d.    18(17),   a.   75.     Cicilia  Cameron 
(  .unpbell,  a.  (18).     Ronald  Hugh  Campbell,  a.  22. 
Archibald  Campbell,  Registrar  of  the  Admiralty 
Court,  d.  7  Feb.  — . 

123.  Richard  Clark  Lewis,  Capt.  of  the  Reserve 
Battn.,  45th  Reg.,   d.    30  Sep.,  1S44,  a.  36.      His 
w.,  Margaret  Ann,  d.  at  Tangier,    14  Dec.,  1881. 


484 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  n.  DEC.  n,  iwo. 


124.  Lieut.    B.    Casey,    43rd    Lt.    Infantry,    d 
0  Ap.,  1829,  after  19  years'  service  in  the  Regi- 
ment. 

125.  James  McGilliwie,  Lieut,  and  Adjt.,  85th 
Keg.,  d.  12  Ap.,  1827,  a.  44. 

126.  Lieut.  R.  H.  Ottley,  23  R.  Welsh  Fusiliers, 
d.  17  Nov.,  1826,  a.  22. 

127.  Katherine,    w.    of    Brevet-Major    George 
King,  13th  Lt,  Infantry,  b.  18  Mar.,  1819  ;  mar 
15  Oct.,  1836  ;  d.  22  Sep.,  1854.    Georgoana  Louisa 
their  d.,  b.  21  May,  1850;  d.  29  Aug.,  1851. 

128.  Adelaide  Margaret,  d.  of  Win.  Henry  and 
Sarah  Ann  Parkyn,  of  H.M.  Ordnance,  d.  28  Aug. 
18(5)0,  a.  3  yrs. 

129.  Lieut.-Col.  Edmund  Lascelles,   60th  Reg. 
d.  5  Sep.,  1850,  a.  74. 

EIGHTH   ROW,   BEGINNING    AT    SOUTH    END. 

130.  (James)  Sheil,  Esq.,  M.D.,  Surgeon  67th 
Reg.,  d.  28  Nov.,  1849,  a.  4(3). 

131.  Capt.  T.  P.  Onslow,  67th  Reg.,  d.  16  April, 
1850,  a.  31. 

132.  Isabella,    d.    of  Alexr.    Cruikshank,    Qr.- 
Master    79th    Highlanders,    drowned     18    June, 
1843,  a.  15. 

133.  Ann,  w.  of  Alexr.  Cruikshank,  d.  28  June, 
1841,  a.  30. 

134.  Eliza,   w.    of   Capt.    Hartley,    Paymaster, 
48th  Reg.,  d.  19  Nov.,  1840,  a.  36. 

135.  Henry,  inf.  s.  of Reid,  M.D. 

136.  Basil     Robinson       Heron,     Capt.      R.A., 
Brigade  Major,  b.  1789;  d.  1  June,  1811.     (A  long 
inscription,  but  not  legible. ) 

137.  Sarah    Ann,    d.  of  Capt.  W.  H.  Hassey, 
67th  Reg.,  d.  15  July,  1819,  a.  6  months. 

138.  (Baile  ? ).     Nearly  all  gone. 

139.  Robert,  s.  of  Qr.-Master  Clune,  52nd  Reg. 

140.  Eliza,    d.    of    Capt.    Bennett,    64th    Reg., 
b.  26  Mar.,  d.  27  June,  1818.     Mary  Ann  Mercy, 
d.  of  same,  b.   18  May,   1819 ;   d.   8  Feb.,   1823. 
Charles,  a.  8,  d.  23  Jan.,  1824. 

141.  Walter  Porteous,  Dep.  Asst.  Commissary 
Genl.,  d.  29  April,  1817,  a.  35. 

142.  Lieut,   and  Adjt.   David   Bobbie,   7th   R. 
Fusiliers,  d.  20  June,   1844,  a.  43,  leaving  a  w. 
and  8  children. 

143.  Francis     Arthur     Macann,     M.D.,     Staff 
Surgeon,  b.  at  Sligo,  d.  9  Feb.,  1845. 

144.  Duncan  Macgregor,   Esq.,   Staff  Surgeon, 
d.  21  Nov.,  1844,  a.  3(4). 

145.  Col.  Gore  Brown,  Commanding  Royal — . 
(Illegible.) 

146.  — ahamp — ,  R.A.,  a.  (33).      (Illegible.) 

147.  Margaret,  w.  of  Lieut.-Col.  Turner,  C.B., 
R.A.,  d.  15  July,  1834,  a.  38. 

148.  Selena,   w.    of   G.    C.    Burroughs,    and   d. 
of    the    late    Col.    Childers,    of    Cantley,    Yorks, 
d.  22  Jan.,  1833,  a.  31.     Eardly  William,  their  s., 
d.  9  Nov.,  1832,  a.  13  days. 

149.  Richard    Harvey    Boys,    Midn.    of    H.M. 
Sloop  Fantome,  killed  in  a  skirmish  with  a  band 
of  Moorish  pirates  near  Cape  Tres  Forcas,  12  May, 
1846. 

150.  Midn.  Seth  Amiel  Wheaton,   of  the   U.S. 
Ship  Washington,  d.  8  Feb.,  1817,  a.  18,  a  victim 
to  the  generous  ardour  of  his  feelings  and  sense 
of  honour. 

151.  Midn.     Edward    Watts,    of    Portsmouth, 
U.S.,  killed  by  a  fall  from  the  mizentop  of  the 
1T.S.S.  Washington,  30  Jan.,  1817,  a.  18. 


NINTH   ROW,    BEGINNING    AT   NORTH    END. 

152.  Edmond  Creswell,  d.  18  Feb.,  1831,  a.  55. 
His  w.  Susanna,  d.  20  Aug.,  1842,  a.  (37.     Their 
d.  Mary,  d.  5  Oct.,  1828,  a.  19,  and  their  d.  Eliza- 
beth,  28   Sept.,    1828,   a.    17,   both   of    epidemic 
fever. 

153.  Arthur    Bletsoe,  s.    of    Lieut.-Col.     Win. 
Payne.  R.A.,    and    Elizabeth    Halford,    his    w. 
(Date  illegible.) 

154.  Elizabeth,  w.  of  Cuthbert  Wills  Robson, 
d.  20  Oct.,  1831,  a.  34. 

155.  Henry  Stawell  Palmer,  s.  of  Capt.  Reynold 
Palmer,  R.A.,  d.  25  Jan.,  1836,  a.  13. 

156.  William  Griffiths,  d.  16  Feb.,  1845,  a.  51. 
Jane  Victoria  Griffiths,  d.  23  Mar.,  1845,  a.  4  years 
10    months.     Mary    Ann    Duff,    w.    of    the    late 
Lieut.  David  Duff,  67th  Reg.,  d.  30  Mar.,  1833, 

a.  32. 

'  157.  Villebois  Stuart,  s.  of  the  Rev.  John 
Lukin,  of  Nursling  Rectory,  Hants,  Volunteer  of 
1st  Class,  H.M.S.  Formidable.  Fell  from  aloft, 
31  Mar.,  1842,  a.  12  years  6  months. 

158.  Mercy,  w.  of  Lieut.  Bailey,  R.N.,  K.S.F., 
d.  13  Jan.,  1825,  a.  (4)0.     Also  their  3  inf.  children, 
Adelaide,  Clarence,  and  Henrietta. 

159.  Judeth  [sic.],  d.  20  Sep.,  1791,  a,  33  ;   Mar- 
garet,  d.   12  Mar.,  1799,    a.    36.     Both  wives  of 
Joseph  Valiant,  of  R.M.  Artificer  Company. 

160.  William    Reed,    Esq.,    Major,    48th    Reg., 
d.  3  Nov.,  1838,  a  40. 

161.  Anne  Theresa  Elizabeth,  w.  of  the  Hon. 
Sir  James  Cochrane,  Chief  Justice  of  Gibraltar, 

b.  16  Feb.,   1806  ;  d.  26  Dec.,  1873.     The  Hon. 
Sir     James     Cochrane,     K.C.B.,     His     Majesty's 
Attorney  -  General    for  Gibraltar,  1830-41;   Chief 
Justice,  1841-77.     Born  2  June,  1794  ;  d.  24  June, 
1883. 

162.  Sir  John  Home,  Bart.,  of  Blackader,  R.N., 
d.  26  Mar.,  1849,  a.  20,  here  on  his  way  home. 

163.  Mary  Baldwin,  w.  of  John  James  Russell, 
M.D.,  Surgeon,  36th  Reg.,  d.  at  sea  on  board — 
ship  Apollo,    from  Corfu  to  England,  Ap.,  1819, 
a.  28. 

G.  S.  PARRY,  Lieut.-Col. 


JAMES  I.  AND  KING  FREDERICK  OP 
BOHEMIA. — The  Hungarian  National  Museum 
at  Budapest  has  recently  acquired  from 
a  Leipsic  second-hand  dealer  the  original 
of  a  letter  addressed  by  James  I.  of  England 
to  his  "  very  dear  son."  The  date  of  the 
etter  and  its  contents  place  it  beyond 
doubt  that  the  addressee  was  the  King's 
son-in-law,  Frederick  of  Bohemia.  A  fac- 
simile of  the  missive  is  published  in  the 
bibliographical  review  and  official  organ 
of  the  Budapest  Museum  Library  for  April- 
June,  1910,  and,  according  to  private 
nformation  received  from  the  Librarian  and 
editor,  there  is  no  other  writing  or  note  of 
any  kind  on  the  letter. 

As  the  contents  are  interesting,  the  letter 
s  published  here  in  extenso.  The  italicized 
words  at  the  end  and  the  signature  can  be 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  17, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


485 


easily  recognized  as  King  James's  own  hand- 
writing when  they  are  compared  with  the 
signature  and  short  letter  (both  in  facsimile) 
in  '  Letters  to  King  James,'  &c.,  published 
by  the  Maitland  Club  in  1835. 

The  evil  counsel  given  to  Frederick  by 
Gabriel  Bethlen,  Prince  of  Transylvania, 
was  conveyed  in  a  letter  dated  23  April, 
1621,  which  was  published  in  A.  Gindely's 
'  Acta  et  Documenta  historian!  Gabrielis 
Bethlen  illustrantia '  (Budapest,  1890,  p. 
282).  The  King  of  Bohemia's  reply  may  be 
read  ibidem  (p.  279),  but  is  given  under  a 
wrong  date.  The  writer  states  at  the 
beginning  that  Bethlen's  letter  did  not  reach 
him  till  15/25  May  at  the  Hague.  The 
correct  date  of  the  reply  is  given  as  23  June 
in  Midi.  Gasp.  Londorpii  "Acta  Publica ' 
(Frankfurt,  1668),  part  ii.  p.  435. 
7.  Junij  1621. 
31 

Monsieur  nion  trescher  filz  Ayans  est£  informez 
par  le  Chevalier  Carleton  nostre  Ambr.  de  la 
IK  nine  &  sage  response  que  vous  avez  faite  au 
mauvais  conseil  &  inuitation  qui  vous  a  este 
faite  de  la  part  du  Prince  Bethlem  Gabor,  de 
retourner  &  vous  rejetter  a  corps-perdus  dans  la 
Province  de  Silesie  &  autres  voisines,  soubs  les 
v nines  promesses  &  esperances  qu'il  vous  a 
donn^es  ;  nous  n'auons  peu  que  louer  la  prudence 
du  refus  que  vous  en  avez  fait,  &  vous  exhorter 
de  demeurer  fermes  en  cette  bonne  resolution, 
pour  ne  voxis  replonger  derechef  dans  1'embaras 
des  inconuenients  &  dangers  manifestos  d'une 
telle  entreprise  qui,  en  outre,  vous  priueroit  en- 
t:civm[en]t  du  fruit  &  nous  de  1'esperance  que 
nous  auons  de  vostre  restablissement,  par  les 
voycs  A:  inoyens  que  nous  en  auons  en  main, 
]«  s(|uels  nous  nous  promettons  que  vous  prendrez 
plustost  de  nos  bons  aduis  &  de  1'affection  pater- 
iiclle  que  nous  auons  a  vostre  bien  que  de  tels  con- 
st-i  Is  ruineux,  provenantx  de  la  passion  &  interests 
de  ceux  qui  vous  les  donnent.  Et  sur  cette 
."  —  ••i  i  ranee  nous  demeurerons. 

Monsieur  mon  trescher  filz 

Vostre  Ires  affecti 
onne  pere 

JAQUES  R. 

L.  L.  K. 

BOHEMIAN  MUSICAL  FOLK-LOBE. — While 
I  was  walking  recently  in  the  vicinity  of 
Prince  Schwarzenberg's  castle  Hluboka 
(Frauenberg),  near  Budejovice  (Budweis), 
my  companion,  a  local  professor,  exclaimed 
as  he  tripped  over  a  stone  :  "  So,  a  musician 
is  buried  here."  This  happened  frequently 
in  the  romantic  Bohemian  Forest  (Sumava) 
country,  and  when  descending  the  rugged 
Lakaberg  I  thought  a  whole  orchestra 
reposed  beneath  the  rockstrewn  path. 

FRANCIS  P.  MAKCHANT. 

Shvatham  Common. 


JOHN  COSTON  IN  ST.  BOTOLPH'S,  ALDERS- 
GATE. — Against  the  north  wall  of  the  late 
eighteenth-century  church  of  St.  Botolph, 
Aldersgate,  is  a  tablet,  saved  from  the 
previous  building  on  the  same  site.  It  is 
to  the  memory  of  John  Coston,  Chief  Regis- 
trar of  the  See  of  Canterbury,  with  his  wife 
and  daughter,  who  died  respectively  in  1614, 
1637,  and  1621  ;  and  has  on  it  the  following 
pretty  Latin  lines,  which  seem  to  have 
escaped  the  notice  of  Hatton,  Strype, 
Weever,  and  others  : — 

Hie  conjuncta  suo  recubat  Francisca  marito, 
Et  cinis  est  unus,  quse  fuit  una  caro. 

Hue  cineres  conferre  suos  soror  Anna  jubebat ; 
Corpora  sic  uno  pulvere  trina  jacent. 

llle  Opifex  rerum  Omnipotens  qui  Trinus  et  Unus, 
Pulvere  ab  hoc  uno  corpora  trina  dabit. 

The  lines  were  composed,  and  the  monument 
provided,  by  a  surviving  son,  as  we  learn 
from  the  words  below  :  "  Filius  et  f rater 
unicus  Simon  Coston  composuit  posuit." 
The  following  translation  has,  I  believe,  never 
appeared  in  print : — 

Here  lies  Francisca  with  her  husband  joined, 
And  now  what  was  one  flesh  one  dust  we  find. 
My  sister  Anna's  ashes  too  lie  here, 
And  thus  three  bodies  but  one  dust  appear. 
The  Three-in-One,  who  made  them  three  before, 
From  this  one  dust  three  bodies  shall  restore. 

PHILIP  NORMAN. 

BAR  "  SINISTER." — I  have  been  taught 
that  to  write  of  a  bar  as  a  mark  of  bastardy 
is  a  vulgar  modern  error,  and  am  interested 
to  find  the  following  in  a  charter  of  James  V. 
to  William  Hamilton  of  Sanquhar,  dated  at 
Linlithgow,  8  January,  1539/40  ('  Reg.  Mag. 
Sig.  Scot.,'  463)  :— 

"  Insuper  concessit  dicto  Willelmo  et  heredibus 
tallie  unum  duplex  fie  tressour  auri  in  eorum 
lie  schield  circa  eorum  arma  in  signum  differentie 
ab  antiquis  armis  eorum  dominii  oapittilis  ;  ac  cum 
dictis  filio  et  fratre  naturalibus  ad  dicta  Integra 
arma  ullo  absque  lie  bar  ferenda  dispensavit." 

The  last  phrase  obviously  does  not  refer  to  an 
"honourable"  ordinarv  (see  'N.E.D.'). 


Q.  V. 


WATER-SHOES  FOR  WALKING  ON  THE 
WATER. — We  are  well  acquainted  with  the 
diver's  accomplishment  of  walking  under 
the  water  ;  but  walking  on  the  water  appears 
to  offer  at  present  as  many  difficulties  as 
flying  did  in  the  beginnings  of  aviation.  A 
water-walker,  however,  seems  to  have 
accomplished  his  feat,  but  not  exactly  in  the 
open  ocean,  as  disastrously  attempted  by  a 
Prof.  Miller  later.  A  Lieut.  Hookenberg,  of 
Denmark,  as  reported  in  The  United  Service 
Journal,  and  quoted  by  The  Mechanics' 


486 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  DEO.  17, 1910. 


Magazine  (an  excerpt  bearing  no  date), 
invented  an  apparatus 

"  resembling  two  very  narrow  boats,  pointed  at 
both  ends,  and  united  by  a  square  piece  of  wood 
about  thirty  inches  long.  The  arm  of  the  sea 
which  runs  into  the  Thier  Garter  was  the  spot 
selected  for  the  evolution.  The  water-runners 
went  through  a  variety  of  movements,  among 
which  were  their  loading  and  discharging  their 
muskets  while  upon  the  water,  running  along 
on  its  surface  at  full  speed,"  &c. 

The  shoes,  it  is  added,  "  are  so  easy,  that 
any  person  of  moderate  dexterity  and  quick- 
ness may  be  taught  to  manage  them." 

Prof.  Miller,  according  to  The  Globe  of 
21  October  last,  proposed  to  cross  the 
Atlantic  Ocean  on  foot : — 

"  He  used  a  pair  of  special  walking  shoes,  which 
each  measured  five  feet  in  length.  They  resembled 
miniature  canoes  in  design,  with  a  small  orifice  in 
the  centre  to  admit  the  foot,  and  they  were 
furnished  with  corrugated  soles.  Full  of  confi- 
dence, he  started  on  his  curious  journey,  but  soon 
realized  the  folly  of  his  idea.  He  was  unable 
to  maintain  an  upright  position,  and  drifted 
about  for  some  time  at  the  mercy  of  the  waves, 
until  his  friends  prevailed  upon  him  to  abandon 
the  idea." 

The  date  of  the  fiasco  is  not  given. 

J.    HOLDEN    MACMlCHAEL. 

STUART  AND  PYKE  FAMILIES.  (See  9  S. 
xii.  468;  10  S.  vi.  305;  ix.  446.)— At  the 
above  references  some  facts  and  traditions 
were  recorded  touching  relationship  between 
the  families  of  Halley,  Stuart  (or  Stewart), 
and  Pyke  (or  Pike). 

Mr.  R.  J.  Beevor  of  St.  Albans  now  sends 
this  entry  : — 

"From  the  register  ot  interments  in  Greyfriars 
Buryirig-Ground,  Edinburgh  (Scottish  Record 
Society,  1902,  p.  624),  I  take  :  '  Stewart,  Sibilla  : 
poor  :  warrant :  East  end  kirk,  14  Aug.,  1698.'  " 

In  the  *  Index  to  the  Prerogative  Wills 
of  Ireland '  (Vicars ;  Dublin,  1897)  we 
find  these  items  : — 

1744.  Bruce,  Katherine,  alias  Stewart,  Dim- 
gannon,  coiinty  Tyrone,  widow. — P.  59. 

1760.  Stuart,  Sibella,  widow  of  James  S., 
Laser's  Hill,  Dublin.— P.  444. 

1750.  Stuart,  Jas.,  Castle  Burke,  co.  Mayo, 
Esq. — Ibid. 

1737.    Stewart,  Capt.  James,  Dublin.— P.  439. 

1796.  Stewart,  Sarah,  Ballydrain,  co.  Antrim. — 
Ibid. 

Were  the  two  above  -  named  Sibella 
Stuarts  (or  Stewarts)  related  to  each  other  ? 
If  so,  how  ?  Was  either  of  them  related  to 
Mrs.  Sybilla  Halley  of  East  Greenwich,  Kent, 
widow  (obit  1772)  ?  Are  we  to  infer  that  the 
surnames  Bruce  and  Stewart  were,  to  some 
extent,  interchangeable,  or  that  each  served 


occasionally  as  an  alias  for  the  other  ?  See 
query  on  Archibald  Bruce  (fl.  1727),  ante, 
p.  227  ;  also  notes,  ante,  pp.  44-5. 

Musgrave's  '  Obituary  '  shows  the  follow- 
ing : — 

Bruce,    Ja.,    George    Street,    Hanover    Square, 
6  March,  1771.— G.  M.  143. 
^Bruce,   Sarah,  Islington,   18  Feb.,   1788.— G.  M. 

Bruce,  Wm.  Henry,  Capt.  Navy,  Aug.,  1742.— 
L.  M.  413. 

Cooper,  Wm.,  mercht..  Poultry,  12  July,  1770. — 
G.  M.  345. 

Soaper,  John,  chorister  in  the  R.  Chapel  and  in 
St.  Paul's,  5  June,  1794.— E.  M.  78  ;  G.  M.  580. 

Stewart,  J.,  linendraper,  14  Oct.,  1772.— L.  M., 
501. 

Stewart,  Sarah  (Lady),  Dublin,  wife  of  Robt.  S., 
dau.  of  the  Earl  of  Hertford,  1827,  July,  1770. 

Stuart,  Zachary,  Capt.  of  E.  I.  ship,  15  Sept., 
1731.-G.  M.  403. 

Stuart,  Arch.,  Advocate,  Edinburgh,  28-29  Sept., 
1728.— P.  S.  xxxvi.  297 ;  H.  R.  C.  53. 

It  appears  that  the  marriage  registers  of 
Edinburgh,  1700—50,  have  been  printed, 
and  do  not  (so  it  is  said)  contain  the  name 
Pike  or  McPike.  EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 

1,  Park  Row,  Chicago. 

"  DOOMBAR."  —  '  N.E.D.'  gives  several 
attributives  of  doom,  mostly,  it  notes, 
Archaic  or  obsolete,  but  it  does  not  include 
doombar.  I  find  this  in  the  following  para- 
graph published  by  The  Cornish  and  Devon 
Post  (Launceston)  on  1  October,  the  facts  in 
which  inferentially  explain  the  word  : — 

"  The  ketch  William  Mary,  which  sank  on 
Padstow  doombar  last  week,  has  become  a  total 
*vreck,  but  has  not  yet  smashed  up,  as  the  sea 
continues  wonderfully  smooth.  Only  the  hull  is 
now  visible  at  low  water." 

DuiSTHEVED. 


APSLEY  HOUSE  :  DATE  OF  ITS  PURCHASE. 
— The  transfer  of  this  mansion  from  Lord 
Bathurst  to  the  Marquis  Wellesley  is  believed 
:o  have  taken  place  in  1810,  but  a  letter 
oefore  me  suggests  a  slightly  earlier  date. 
Dated  "  Bulstrode,  Sept.  ye  8th,  1807," 
t  is  addressed  to  "  Mr.  Robins,  Warwick 
St.,  Golden  Square,"  ^.e.  George  Robins. 

'  Lord  Bathurst  desires  Mr.  Robins  will  apply  to 
Mr.  Hamet  of  Lincoln's  Inn  for  the  particulars  of 
Apsley  House,  the  price  of  which  is  eighteen 

thousand  pounds.    Lord  Bathurst  will  not  lett  [.«'(:] 

t." 

Robins  has  endorsed  the  letter  "  Ld  Wellsley," 
so  presumably  he  was  acting  as  the  pur- 
chaser's agent,  and  there  is  some  probability 
that  the  transfer  took  place  about  this  date. 
ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  17,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


487 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


DR.  BRUSHFIELD'S  LIBRARY. — You  fit- 
tingly refer  (ante,  p.  480)  to  the  splendid 
work  on  Devon  archaeology  done  by  my  dear 
old  friend  Dr.  Brushfield,  and  to  his  very 
fine  Library.  Is  it  at  all  possible  for  his 
books  to  be  all  kept  together  in  some  central 
Devon  Library,  and  not  distributed  by 
auction  or  otherwise  ?  Such  a  chance  will 
probably  never  occur  again. 

T.  CANN  HUGHES;  M.A.,  F.S.A. 

Lancaster. 

LISTON  AND  DUCROW. — Can  any  one  say 
rhere  the  piece  of  which  the  following  linens 
an  imperfect  fragment  is  to  be  found  ? 
^he  date  would  probably  be  about  1830. 
Ind  nine  is   striking  by  the  chime,  prime  time 

go  and  see  the  Drury  Lane  Dane  slain  ; 
r  in  the  small  Olympic  pit  sit,  split 
Laughing  at  Listen  while  you  quiz  his  phiz  ; 
Or  see  Ducrow. .  .  .with  wide  stride  ride 
Six  horses  that  no  other  man  can  span. 

E.  H.  BROMBY. 

Melbourne. 

PAUPER'S  BADGE. — The  Act  8  and  9 
William  III.,  c.  30,  ordered 

"  that  every  Person  receiving  Alms  of  the  Parish 
shall  on  the  shoulder  of  the  right  sleeve  of  the 
upper  garment,  in  an  open  and  visible  manner, 
wear  a  Badge  (viz.)  a  large  Roman  P  with  the 
first  letter  of  the  name  of  the  Parish  whereof 
such  person  is  an  inhabitant  cut  in  red  or  blue 
cloth." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  of  a 
print  illustrating  this  invidious  order  ? 

H.  P.  STOKES. 
St.  Paul's  Vicarage,  Cambridge. 

Pluch  information  on  paupers'  badges  and 
penalties  for  failure  to  wear  them,  with  the  date 
when  the  provision  quoted  by  DK.  STOKI:^  was 
repealed,  will  be  found  at  5  S.  viii.  347,  513; 
ix.  10').] 

LISTER  OR  LYSTER  FAMILY. — I  am  pre- 
paring for  publication  a  history  of  this 
Yorkshire  family,  in  which  I  hope  to  clothe 
the  dry  bones  of  genealogy  as  much  as 
possible  with  anecdotes  of  interest,  family 
traditions,  &c.  There  will  also  be  repro- 
ductions of  a  number  of  portraits,  &c. 

I  should  like  to  get  into  communication 
with  any  genealogists  who  have  made  a 
special  study  of  any  branch  of  this  family, 


or  with  others  who  may  be  interested,  and 
to  hear  of  the  whereabouts  of  portraits  or 
family  relics. 

Can  any  one  inform  me  if  the  supposed 
link  between  the  Yorkshire  Listers  and 
those  of  Rowton  Castle,  Shropshire,  has  ever 
been  established,  and  if  the  Lysters  of  Row- 
ton are  extinct  ? 

The  branches  of  the  Lister  or  Lyster 
family  of  which  I  shall  treat  are  those 
located  at  Gisburne,  Westby,  Burwell, 
Manningham,  &c.,  in  England  ;  and  at  Rock- 
savage,  Grange,  Lysterfield,  &c.,  co.  Ros- 
common. 

Please  reply  direct. 

(Rev.)  H.  L.  LYSTER-DENNY. 

Holy  Trinity,  Sloane  Street,  S.W. 

RlCHABD    COOPE     OF    FlJLHAM  :        OXFORD 

COURT. — Can  your  readers  give  me  any 
clue  to  the  parentage  of  Richard  Coope  of 
Fulham,  who  died  there,  23  December, 
1765,  aged  77,  and  was  buried  at  Camber- 
well.  He  married  first  Mary,  niece  of  the 
Rev.  Benjamin  Merriman  of  Newbury, 
Berks,  by  whom  he  had  four  or  five  children  ; 
secondly,  Elizabeth,  by  whom  he  had  five 
children.  He  lived  at  Peckham,  then  at 
Wasing  House  near  Reading,  then  at  Ful- 
ham ;  and  he  had  a  house  in  Oxford  Court, 
London.  He  was  a  director  of  the  South  Sea 
Company,  1732  ;  Master  of  the  Salters' 
Company,  1734  ;  and  first  chairman  of  the 
London  Hospital.  In  1748  he  bought 
property  in  St.  Mary's,  Whitechapel.  He 
was  a  friend  of  George  Heathcote,  M.P. 
for  Southwark.  There  is  a  memorial  ring 
to  Judith  Coope,  who  died  26  March,  1728, 
aged  66.  She  was  probably  his  mother  or 
maiden  aunt. 

He  bore  the  crest  and  arms  granted  by 
Henry  VII.  to  William  Coope  or  Cope, 
cofferer  of  the  Royal  Household.  The  said 
William,  and  many  of  liis  descendants  until 
about  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  century, 
spelt  their  names  indifferently  Coope  and 
Cope. 

The  late  Sir  William  H.  Cope,  Bt.,  who 
took  a  great  interest  in  his  family  history, 
believed  that  our  families  were  once  identical ; 
but  the  parentage  of  Richard  Coope  is 
required  in  order  to  establish  the  con- 
nexion. His  will  is  at  Somerset  House,  but 
I  can  find  no  other  clue  to  his  parentage 
there. 

I  should  be  glad  to  locate  Oxford  Court. 
(Rev.)  FRANK  EGERTON  COOPE. 

Thurlestone  Rectory,  Kingsbridge, 
S.  Devon. 


488 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      m  s.  n.  DEC.  17, 1910. 


RAVENSTONEDALE. — Can  any  reader  help 
me  to  find  the  whereabouts  of  the  Court 
Rolls  of  Ravenstonedale  before  1700  ?  The 
depositions  in  a  cause  Fawcett  v.  Lowther, 
taken  1  September,  1748,  state  that  the 
Ravenstonedale  court  books  contain  the 
records  of  other  manor  courts  than  those  of 
that  Lordship,  so  it  may  be  that  when  Lord 
Wharton,  by  lease  and  release  dated  19  and 
20  March,  1721,  sold  the  manor,  the  books 
could  not  be  parted  and  did  not  pass  to  the 
Lowthers,  who  purchased  the  same.  The 
before-quoted  depositions  state  that  the 
Duke  of  Somerset  purchased  from  Lord 
Wharton  seven  of  his  manors.  This  may  be 
a  clue  as  to  who  got  the  rolls. 

GERALD  FOTHERGILL. 

11,  Brussels  Road,  New  Wandsworth,  S.W. 

CAPT.  WOODES  ROGERS  was  in  1708-11  in 
command  of  two  privateers,  the  Duke  and 
the  Duchess.  These  ships  brought  Alexan- 
der Selkirk  from  Juan  Fernandez.  Did 
Capt.  Woodes  Rogers  leave  any  descendants 
who  may  be  now  living  ?  C.  P.  M. 

[Much  information  about  Capt.  Woodes  Rogers 
is  supplied  at  10  S.  viii.  470  ;  ix.  456.] 

AUTHORS     OF     QUOTATIONS     WANTED. — 
Where  are  these  verses  to  be  found  ? 
Turn  vero  quo  cuique  magis  curvatus  eundo 
Vertitur  interior  devexo  tramite  gyrus, 
Et  praeceps  rota  vergit  eo  magis  impetus  auctu 
Pra3teriit  vacuumque  i'uga  eluctatur  in  aequor. 

s.  w. 

I  should  be  greatly  obliged  to  any  reader 
who  would  give  me  chapter  and  verse  for 
these  lines  : — 

All  passes  with  the  passing  of  the  days, 
All  but  great  Death — Death  the  one  thing  that  is — 
Which  passes  not  with  passing  of  the  days. 

ARTHUR  GAYE. 

Whence  comes  the  following  quotation  ? 
As  the  trees  began  to  whisper  and  the  wind  began 

to  roll 
Heard  in  the  wild  March  morning  the  angels  call 

his  soul. 

HENRY  SAMUEL  BRANDRETH. 

DANES' -BLOOD,  A  FLOWER. — '  Crickhowell 
the  Garden  of  Wales,'  a  little  guide  written 
by  the  Hon.  Mabel  Bailey  and  Mr.  John 
Evans,  contains  on  p.  44  the  following 
paragraph  : — 

"It  is  said  that  there  once  was  a  great  battle  in 
the  Gaer  valley.  One  day  when  the  late  Lord 
Glanusk  and  his  sons  we're  shooting  there,  they 
found  a  curious  plant,  of  which  they  did  not  know 
the  name.  David  Phillips,  of  the  Gaer  farm,  told 
them  it  only  grew  where  Dane's  blood  had  been 
shed,  and  it  is  a  fact  that  about  896  the  Danes, 


'  having  been  defeated  by  King  Alfred,  marched  to 
the  west  country,  and  having  crossed  the  Severn 
into  Wales,  they  spoiled  the  County  of  Brecknock, 
and  laid  waste  the  Vale  of  Usk.'  " 

Turning  to  Anne  Pratt' s  '  Wild  Flowers,' 
vol.  iii.  p.  342,  I  see  that  the  name  "  Danes' - 
blood  "  is  given  to  the  clustered  bell-flower 
(Campanula  glomerata),  and  that  the  author 
found  the  same  tradition  current  at  Bartlow, 
Camb.  It  would  be  interesting  to  know 
if  this  tradition  is  pretty  general,  or  is  con- 
fined to  these  two  widely  separated  localities. 

H.  P. 

[The  same  name  is  also  applied  to  Anemone 
pulsatilla.] 

COLANI      AND      THE      REFORMATION. Will 

some  reader  be  kind  enough  to  tell  me 
who  Colani  was  ?  I  have  seen  it  stated 
that  he  said  that  the  Reformation  had  not 
spoken  its  last  word.  I  cannot  find  any 
mention  of  Colani  in  the  books  I  have  con- 
sulted. Did  he  belong  to  the  Reformation 
period  ?  H.  A.  B. 

HIGH  STEWARDS  AND  RECORDERS  AT  THE 
RESTORATION. — Will  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
tell  me  who  was  Lord  Chancellor  in  1671  .? 
In  Dr.  Latham's  MS.  '  History  of  Romsey  ' 
(in  the  Add.  MSS.  British  Museum),  it  is 
snid  that  "  Romsey  had  a  Mayor,  twelve 
Burgess,  a  High  Steward  (to  be  some  noble- 
man), a  Recorder,  a  Town  Clerk "  &c.  ; 
and  the  following  is  quoted  from  the  Cor- 
poration Accounts  for  1671:  "Item,  for 
painting  the  escitecheons  of  the  King's 
Arms,  the  Lord  Chancellor's,  and  Mr. 
Gollop's." 

Roger  Gollop  was  M.P.  for  Southampton 
in  1659,  and  Recorder  of  Romsey  ;  he  died  in 
1682.  He  was  a  son  of  Richard  Gollop  of 
Bowwood,  Dorset.  His  arms  are  still  in  the 
Town  Hall  of  Romsey,  painted  on  panel, 
together  with  those  of  Pawlet,  St.  John, 
Foyle,  Mewes,  St.  Barbe,  and  Palmerston. 

Edward  Foyle  succeeded  Roger  Gollop 
in  the  Recordership  in  1681,  and  resigned  in 
1684.  His  successor  was  Ellis  Mewes, 
Mayor  of  Winchester,  buried  in  the  Cathedral 
in  1709.  "  Mr.  Crosse  "  apparently  came 
after  Mewes,  and  was  Recorder  in  1702. 
Pawlet,  St.  John,  and  St.  Barbe  were 
probably  High  Stewards ;  Lord  Palmerston 
certainly  was,  as  was  his  grandson  the  second 
Viscount. 

The  only  unidentified  arms  may  be  "  the 
Lord  Chancellor's,"  painted  in  1671.  They 
appear  to  be  Argent,  a  fesse  sable  between 
three  mullets  gules,  quartering  Sable,  i 
stag's  head  cabossed,  between  two  flaunches 
argent.  Crest,  an  arm  and  hand  holding 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  17, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


489 


an  arrow.  The  colours  are  faded  and  dark 
from  age.  Any  information  as  to  High 
Stewards  will  be  gratefully  received,  by 

(Mrs.)  F.  H.  SUCKLING. 
Highwood,  Romsey. 

REV.  F.  W.  FABEK. — I  am  anxious  to  find 
out  whether  there  is  any  memorial  extant 
of  Father  Faber,  the  well-known  oratorian 
and  hymn-writer.  I  do  not  recollect  any 
monument  or  inscription  to  him  in  the 
Brompton  Oratory,  nor  have  I  come  across 
either  a  statue  or  a  bust  of  him.  Perhaps 
some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  can  tell  me  whether 
anything  of  the  kind  exists. 

FREDERICK  T.  HIBGAME. 

'  TIT  FOR  TAT,'  AMERICAN  NOVEL. — Can 
any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  tell  me  who  was  the 
author  of  this  powerful  plea  for  the  preven- 
tion of  the  employment  of  climbing-boys  in 
chimney-cleaning  ?  It  was  published  by 
Clarke  &  Beeton  of  148,  Fleet  Street,  in 
1855,  and  is  stated  to  be  "  By  a  Lady,  from 
Xew  Orleans,  U.S."  A  copy  was  presented 
to  every  member  of  the  House  of  Commons 
in  1856.  FREDERICK  T.  HIBGAME. 

SIR  JOHN  TRANT  :  TRANT  FAMILY. — 
Musgrave's  '  Obituary  '  says  Sir  John  Trant 
(eldest  son  of  Sir  Patrick)  was  murdered  in 
London  in  1702.  Can  any  reader  give 
particulars  ? 

I  also  want  to  find  descendants  of  the 
Rev.  William  Trant,  Rector  of  Anstey,  Herts, 
from  1740  to  1784.  Two  of  his  children  were 
baptized  there :  Catherine  in  1746  and 
William  in  1747. 

I  also  desire  information  about  descendants 
of  the  Rev.  Edmund  Trant,  curate  of  Anstey 
from  1772  to  1785  and  Vicar  of  Bourn,  Cam- 
bridge, 1786-95.  After  the  latter  date  he 
appears  to  have  been  at  Long  Stowe. 
Please  answer  direct. 

(Miss)  L.  MORIARTY. 

8."),  Manor  Park,  Lee,  Kent. 

EMINENT  LIBRARIANS. — On  p.  229  of  the 
1885  edition  of  'The  Book-Hunter'  John 
Hill  Burton  gives  a  list  of  nine  eminent 
librarians  who,  he  remarks,  "  have  united 
great  learning  to  a  love  of  books."  Burton 
gives. the  names  as  follows  :  Panizzi,  Birch, 
Halkett,  Naudet,  Laing,  Cogswell,  Jones, 
Pertz,  Todd. 

Halkett  and  Cogswell  I  cannot  trace  any- 
where. I  shall  therefore  be  much  obliged 
if  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  can  help  me  with 
details  of  the  lives  of  these  two  individuals, 
and  in  addition  correct  the  following  list 
oS  names,  if  I  have  erred  in  identifying 


I  them.     I    have    endeavoured    to    place    the 
names    in    chronological    order,     supplying 
omissions  in  dates  : — 
Rev.  Henry  John  Todd,  1765-1845.— Keeper  of  the 

Manuscripts  at  Lambeth  Palace. 
Joseph  Naudet,  1786.— Librarian,   Royal  Library, 

Paris. 
Dr.    David    Laing,    1790-1878.— Librarian,     Signet 

Library,  Edinburgh. 
George  Heinrich  Pertz,  1795-1876.— Librarian,  Royal 

Library,  Berlin. 
Sir  Anthony  Panizzi,  1799-1879.— Librarian,  British 

Museum. 
John  Winter  Jones,    1805-81.— Librarian,  British 

Museum. 
Dr.    Samuel     Birch,     1813-85.— Librarian,    British 

Museum. 

FREDK.  CHARLES  WHITE. 
26,  Arran  Street,  Roath,  Cardiff. 

[For  Samuel  Halkett  see  the  *  D.N.B.,'  which 
should,  if  possible,  be  consulted  before  queries  are 
sent.  Dr.  Samuel  Birch,  the  celebrated  Egyptologist, 
was  Keeper  of  the  Oriental  Antiquities  at  the 
British  Museum,  but  not  Librarian.] 

EUSEBY  CLEAVER,  ARCHBISHOP  OF  DUBLIN. 
— Who  was  his  mother  ?  When  and  whom 
did  he  marry  ?  The  '  Diet.  Nat.  Bipg.,' 
xi.  22,  gives  no  information  on  these  points. 

G.  F.  B.  B. 

BOGERSON  COTTER,  M.P.  FOR  CHARLE- 
VILLE. — I  should  be  glad  to  know  where 
and  when  he  was  called  to  the  Bar,  the  date 
of  his  marriage,  and  the  place  of  his  death. 

G.  F.  B.  B. 

WILLIAM  FITZGERALD,  BISHOP  OF  CLON- 
FERT  (d.  1722). — I  should  be  glad  to  obtain 
particulars  of  his  parentage,  the  date  of 
his  birth,  and  the  name  of  the  school  at 
which  he  was  educated.  G.  F.  B.  B. 

BICHARD  FOGGE  was  educated  at  West- 
minster School  and  Ch.  Ch.,  Oxford,  where 
he  graduated  B.A.  17  Feb.,  1630/31.  Can 
any  correspondent  of  *  N.  &  Q.'  give  me 
further  information  about  him  ? 

G.  F.  B.  B. 

SIR  WALTER  BALEIGH  AND  TOBACCO. — 
I  shall  be  glad  to  know  what  authority 
there  is  for,  or  what  sources  of  information 
are  available  respecting,  the  story  that 
Sir  Walter  Baleigh's  servant,  finding  his 
master  smoking,  threw  a  pail  of  water 
(or  was  it  beer  ?)  over  him  to  put  out  the 
fire.  ALFONZO  GARDINER. 

Leeds. 

THE  STAIR  DIVORCE,   1820.— The   Gentle- 
men's Magazine  of  1847,  followed  by  G.  E.  C. 
and  Burke,  states  that  the  7th  Earl  of  Stair's 
!  marriage   was   "annulled"    in  June,    1820, 
j  his  wife  Joanna  (Gordon)  "  being  divorced 


490 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  u  DEC.  17,  wio. 


for  adultery."  Can  any  one  name  the  co- 
respondent ?  The  case  was  not  tried  in 
Scotland,  or  effected  by  a  private  Act  of 
Parliament.  J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

*  KOSSUTH  COPPERED/  SATIRICAL  POEM. — 
Where  could  I  see  a  copy  of  "  Kossuth 
Coppered  ;  or,  the  Banquet  at  the  Capital  of 
Laputa.  Containing  Gulliver's  Great  Speech. 
Illustrated  by  F.  Bellew  "  (New  York,  1852)  ? 
It  was  published  anonymously,  but  probably 
Frank  (?)  Bellew  was  the  author  as  well  as  the 
illustrator  of  this  satirical  poem. 

L.  L.  K. 


MAIDS  OF  TAUNTON 
AND  MONMOUTH'S    REBELLION. 

(US.  ii.  408.) 

THE  names  of  thirteen  of  the  twenty-seven 
schoolgirls  known  as  the  Maids  of  Taunton 
are  found  endorsed  on  the  back  of  a  letter 
written  by  Christopher,  Duke  of  Albe- 
marle,  to  Lord  Sunderland  (B.M.  Harleian 
7006). 

The  Duke  of  Albemarle  was  head  of  the 
Royalist  troops  in  June,  1685,  and  was 
stationed  seven  miles  west  of  Taunton  to 
watch  Monmouth's  movements. 

The  names  of  the  "  Maids  "  which  have 
come  down  to  us  are  as  follows  (taken  from 
Harleian  7006)  :— 

Kath.  Bovet.     Her  father  a  colonel. 

Mary  Blake.    Rich. 

Sarah  Blake. 

Susannah  Peck. 

Eliza  Gammon  Hucker.    Kinswoman  to  the  captain. 

Anne  Herring.  "| 

Susan  Herring.  J-    Their  father  was  a  captain. 

Grace  Herring.  J 

Mary  Mead.    The  Golden  Flag,  "I.  R.,"  a  crown, 

fringed  lace  round. 
Eliza  Simpson.    Shopkeeper.    Rich. 
Sarah  Reynolds.     Rich. 
Two  of  Mr.  Thomas  Baker's  daughters.     He  one  of 

Monmouth's  Privy  Council,  very  rich. 

To  this  list  I  may  add  a  few  notes. 

The  Bo  vets  were  a  leading  family  in 
West  Somerset  in  the  seventeenth  and 
eighteenth  centuries,  and  suffered  severely 
for  Monmouth's  cause.  Philip  Bovet  was 
one  of  the  three  men  hanged  by  Jeffreys' s 
order  outside  "  The  White  Hart  "  at  Wel- 
lington ;  and  besides  Philip,  there  occur 
in  the  Gaol  Delivery  Rolls  Thomas  Edward, 
Richard,  and  John  Bovet.  For  further  in- 


formation as  to  the  Bovet  family  see  Gent. 
Mag.,  1749  :— 

"Richard  Bovet,  of  Wellington,  Somerset,  to 
Miss  Joan  Thomas,  with  20,000/.  On  this  occasion 
he  gave  the  carcasses  of  20  sheep,  a  fat  ox,  and  200 
horseloads  of  wood  to  the  poor  ;  and  one  of  the  six 
bells  being  cracked  with  ringing,  he  ordered  three 
new  bells  to  make  the  ring  eight,  also  the  organ 
pipes  to  be  repaired,  and  added  IQL  yearly  to  the 
organist's  salary." 

The  Rev.  P.  E.  George,  -St.  Winefred's, 
Bath,  who  died  a  few  years  ago,  was  a 
direct  descendant  of  the  Bovets.  The 
present  representative  of  the  Bovets  lives 
at  Newtown  (Mont.). 

The  Blakes  were  daughters  of  Malachi 
Blake  of  Blagdon,  about  four  miles  from 
Taunton.  Malachi  Blake  was  closely  re- 
lated to  Robert  Blake  (b.  Bridgwater). 
Malachi  was  an  eminent  Dissenting  minister. 
His  will  in  MS.  is  before  me,  but  is  too  long 
to  quote.  It  was  proved  in  1704,  and  the 
original  is  at  Wells.  He  outlived  his 
daughters  (vide  will).  For  further  informa- 
tion as  to  Malachi  Blake  see  Jerom  Murch's 
'  History  of  Presbyterian  Churches  of  the 
West,'  London,  1835,  pp.  244-5. 

The  Hucker  family  were  as  keen  on  Mon- 
mouth's side  as  were  the  Bovets,  and  there 
are  numerous  references  to  them.  See 
Whiting's  '  Persecution  Expos'd,'  p.  297  ; 
also  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.,  ix.  pt.  iii.  6a. 

The  initials  on  the  flag  borne  by  Mary 
Mead  signify,  of  course,  "Jacobus  Rex," 
and,  needless  to  say,  were  a  tribute  to  the 
Duke  of  Monmouth,  and  not  to  James  II. 
There  is  an  interesting  paragraph  in  Gent. 
Mag.,  vol.  Ixxxvii.  pt.  i.  p.  277,  respecting 
a  tradition  of  the  Miss  Blakes. 

The  other  families  of  which  representatives 
are  included  in  the  above  list  would  not  be 
difficult  to  trace,  but  references  found  in 
the  "  martyrologies  "  of  the  time  must  not 
be  depended  upon.  These  books  were 
cheap  sensational  productions  of  the  moment 
issued  by  catchpenny  publishers.  Allusions 
by  contemporary  writers  to  the  "  Maids  of 
Taunton"  are  found  in  Echard's  'History' 
and  Narcissus  Luttrell's  '  Diary.'  The 
Gaol  Delivery  Rolls  are  the  most  dependable, 
and  these  were  printed  as  an  appendix  in 
Inderwick's  '  Sidelights  on  the  Stuarts.' 
See  also  '  Some  Sources  of  History  for  the 
Monmouth  Rebellion  and  the  Bloody 
Assizes,'  by  A.  L.  Humphreys,  1892. 
George  Roberts,  the  diligent  schoolmaster 
of  Lyme  Regis,  wrote  an  admirable  Life  of 
Monmouth  which  is  full  of  good  material. 
What  Roberts  in  his  foot-note  calls  "  the 
Axe  papers "  are  in  the  Harleian  MSS. 


ii  B.  ii.  DEC.  17, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


491 


They  were  the  notes  of  a  parson  named 
Axe  who  was  contemporary  with  the 
Rebellion.  See  Woolrych's  '  Life  of  Jeffreys,' 
p.  215,  for  a  statement  as  to  the  sums 
which  were  exacted  from  the  parents  of  the 
Maids  of  Taunt  on  as  douceurs  ;  also  Fea's 
'  King  Monmouth,'  p.  393. 

The  other  "  Maids  "  were  believed  to  be  the 
pupils  of  Miss  Musgrove,  a  schoolmistress  of 
Taunton.  In  the  Proclamation  of  James  IT. 
issued  10  March,  1685/6,  granting  a  free 
pardon,  he  excepted  many  persons,  among 
whom  were  named  forty-one  ladies,  and 
heading  the  list  is  "  Mrs.  Musgrove,  school- 
mistress." Then  follow  those  whose  names 
are  given  above,  together  with  Sarah  Wye, 
Elizabeth  Wye,  -  —  Scading,  Elizabeth 
Knash,  Mary  Bird,  Elizabeto  Barnes,  Mary 
Burridge,  Hannah  Burridge,  Mary  Waters, 
Sarah  Waters,  Elizabeth  Germain,  Grace 
Germain,  Hannah  Whetham,  Easter  (sic) 
Whitha'm  (we),  Susan  Tyler,  Mary  Goodwyn, 
Sarah  Longham,  Margery  Sympson,  Mary 
Hucklebridge,  Margaret  Hucklebridge,  Mary 
Tanner,  Anne  Tanner,  Elizabeth  Gammon, 
Sarah  Stacey,  Hannah  Stacy,  Elizabeth 
Dyke,  Mary  Smith,  Mary  Page,  Elizabeth 
Marsh,  Hannah  Grove,  and  Elizabeth 
Bisgood. 

I  believe  that  this  list  and  the  names  in 
Harleian  7006  represent  all  those  who  are 
known  as  "  Maids  of  Taunton  "  and  who  were 
pupils  of  Miss  Blake  and  Miss  Musgrove. 
There  would  appear  to  be  a  relationship 
between  the  two  schoolmistresses  :  "  Mar- 
taine  Blake  mar.  Miss  Mary  Musgrove, 
10  March,  1649"  (Phillimore,  'Somerset 
Parish  Registers,'  xi.  52).  I  note  also  that 
Mary  Blake  of  Taunton  died  at  Dorchester 
Gaol  of  smallpox,  and  \\as  buried  25  Novem- 
ber, 1685  (see  Proceedings  of  Dorset  Nat. 
Hist,  and  Ant.  Field  Club/ 1904,  p.  140). 

In  the  Franks  Collection  of  Playing  Cards 
there  is  a  set  of  cards  issued  contemporary 
with  the  Rebellion,  and  depicting  the  chief 
scenes.  The  card  of  the  Queen  of  Diamonds 
represents  "  the  godly  maids  of  Taunton 
presenting  their  colours  upon  their  knees  to 
ye  Duke  of  M.,"  a  rough  woodcut  illustration. 

The  ballad  '  The  Glory  of  the  West,'  to 
which  MRS.  CANNELL  refers,  is  not  in  the 
British  Museum,  but  belongs  to  Lord  Craw- 
ford. It  first  came  to  light  in  the  privately 
printed  catalogue  of  the  ballads  in  the 
possession  of  Frederic  Ouvry  (compiled  by 
T.  W.  Newton,  London,  1877).  It  passed 
from  that  collection  into  the  possession  of 
the  present  owner,  and  is  described  in  the 
Catalogue  of  Lord  Crawford's  ballads  (p.  236), 


privately  printed,  1890.  There  is  another 
copy  in  the  Guildhall  Library.  A  large 
number  of  ballads  relating  to  Monmouth 
are  found  in  the  Ballad  Society  publications. 
In  the  Dorset  Field  Club  Transactions, 
vol.  v.,  there  is  an  account  of  a  find  of  a 
most  valuable  MS.,  relating  to  the  Mon- 
mouth Rebellion,  consisting  of  '  A  List  of 
People  who  were  absent  from  their  homes 
in  the  West  during  the  month  of  June,  1685.' 
This  MS.  is  now  in  the  British  Museum. 
It  is  some  years  since  I  have  seen  it,  but 

1  know    that   the   list   of   Taunton   people 
amounts  to  275  different  names,  and  would 
certainly    be    a    valuable    help    in    tracing 
details  of  those  who  were  mixed  up  with 
Monmouth.  A.  L.  HUMPHREYS. 

187,  Piccadilly,  W. 

Particulars  relating  to  thirteen  of  the 
"  Maids  "  will  be  found  in  the  '  Life  of  James, 
Duke  of  Monmouth,'  by  George  Roberts, 

2  vols.,     1844.     Allusions    to    the    families 
of    those   concerned    in    the   Rebellion   will 
also    be    found   in   Roberta's    '  History    of 
Lyme  Regis  '  and  his  '  Social  History  of  the 
People  of  the  Southern  Counties  of  England 
in  Past  Centuries.'      Macaulay  on  p.  613  of 
the  first  volume  of  his  'History  of  England,' 
states  that  he  had  derived  much  assistance 
from  Mr.   Roberts' s  account  of  the   battle 
of  Sedgemoor.  THOS.  WAINWRIGHT. 

Barnstaple. 

In  his  '  History  of  Devonshire,'  p.  63,  Mr. 
R.  N.  Worth  speaks  of  the  '  Axminster 
Ecclesiastica,'  "  a  singular  contemporary 
record  of  the  Independent  Church  there 
at  Axminster],  which  notes  also  many  of  the 
local  horrors  of  the  Bloody  Assize."  Walter's 
'Bygone  Somerset,'  1897,  also  contains  a 
section  entitled  '  Taunton  and  the  Bloody 
Assize.'  W.  S.  S. 

I  can  put  the  inquirer  on  one  track  which 
may  be  of  use  to  her.  M.  and  C.  Lee  wrote 
some  35  years  ago  a  delightful  story  for 
girls  called  '  The  Oak  Staircase,'  published 
by  Griffith  &  Farran.  It  contains  an  interest- 
ing, and  I  believe  fairly  authentic,  account 
of  how  these  unfortunate  schoolgirls  got 
mixed  up  in  the  Rebellion.  If  M.  and  C. 
Lee  are  still  alive,  I  believe  they  could 
give  a  good  deal  more  information  than 
appears  in  the  story,  which  I  shall  be  happy 
to  lend  MRS.  CANNELL  if  she  cannot  get  a 
copy  elsewhere.  WILLIAM  BULL. 

The  Meadows,  474,  Ux bridge  Road,  W. 

[C.  T.  and  Miss  ETHEL  M.  TURNER  also  thanked 
for  replies.] 


492 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  IL  DEC.  17, 1910. 


INSCRIPTIONS  IN  CITY  CHURCHES  AND 
CHURCHYARDS  (11  S.  ii.  389,  453).— I  should 
like  to  state  that  MR.  MCMURRAY'S  remarks 
relative  to  my  work  (ante,  p.  453)  are  quite 
correct.  The  work,  however,  comprises  a 
fair  number  of  the  pavimental  inscriptions 
formerly  within  the  churches  ;  for  in  several 
cases  many  of  these  inscriptions  have  within 
the  last  forty  years  or  so  been  removed  to  the 
exterior,  and  remain  there  still,  exposed  in 
many  instances  to  destructive  agencies  that 
in  a  few  more  years  will  render  many  of  the 
inscriptions  illegible.  It  will  be  recognized  j 
by  all  antiquaries  that  the  churchyard 
inscriptions  exemplified  a  great  need  of 
transcript — far  more  than  those  in  the 
churches.  Very  few  of  the  latter  are  be- 
coming less  legible,  but  the  former  are 
rapidly  disappearing.  I  have  computed 
that  not  more  than  two-thirds  of  my 
transcripts  made  twelve  years  ago  could  be 
made  now. 

Moreover,  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that 
in  very  many  cases  the  inscriptions  inside 
churches  have  been  copied  and  published 
within  the  last  fifty  or  sixty  years.  For 
instance,  a  few  years  ago,  I  printed  at  my 
private  press  in  book-form  full  transcripts 
of  all  those  in  St.  George's,  Botolph  Lane 
(since  destroyed),  with  a  plan.  Mr.  Crisp 
did  likewise  with  St.  Olave's,  Old  Jewry 
(also  since  destroyed),  some  twenty-two  years 
ago.  Cox's  '  St.  Helen's,  Bishopsgate,' 
Dr.  Kinn's  '  Holy  Trinity,  Minories,'  Mil- 
bourn's  '  St.  Mildred,'  and  Wilson's  '  St. 
Lawrence  Pountney '  comprise  the  internal 
inscriptions  at  the  respective  churches  ;  and 
Deputy  White's  '  Walbrook  Ward  '  contains 
those  at  St.  Stephen's  and  St.  Swithin's. 
No  doubt  there  are  other  modern  works 
comprising  transcripts  of  the  inscriptions 
in  others  of  the  City  churches. 

Naturally  this  piecemeal  publication 
restrains  workers  at  the  present  time  in  this 
field  ;  for  while  there  is  much  original  work 
to  be  done,  they  naturally  feel  that  work 
which  must  overlap  to  a  large  extent  the 
labours  of  others  should  take  second  place. 
For  some  reason,  however,  virtually  none  of 
the  churchyard  inscriptions  in  our  City  had 
been  transcribed  prior  to  my  effort,  and  for 
that  reason  I  felt  it  was  a  work  worthy  of  the 
immense  amount  of  time  needed  to  accom- 
plish it. 

I  may  mention  that  I  have  in  MS.  most 
of  the  churchyard  inscriptions  in  Clerken- 
well  and  Southwark,  made  some  twelve  or 
fourteen  years  ago.  P.  C.  RUSHEN. 

7,  Warwick  Mansions,  Warwick  Court, 
High  Holborn. 


Hard  upon  the  heels  of  my  contribution 
printed  ante,  p.  453 — anticipating  it,  in  fact, 
so  far  as  date  of  publication  is  concerned — 
comes  the  following  welcome  announcement 
in  The  City  Press  of  the  19th  ult.  :— 

CITY    CHURCHED. 

A  Notable  Record  of  Monumental  Inscriptions. 
The  Library  Committee,  realizing  the  great  loss 
which  has  taken  place  in  the  past  of  innumerable 
valuable  records  of  former  citizens  of  London 
through  the  destruction  of  so  many  City  churches, 
by  fire  and  other  causes,  have  determined  to 
compile,  for  the  benefit  of  future  generations, 
ere  it  be  too  late,  a  complete  register  of  all  the 
monumental  inscriptions  and  the  armorial  bear- 
ings to  be  found  at  the  present  day  in  those 
shrines.  For  this  purpose  they  have  commis- 
sioned Mr.  Arthur  J.  Jewers,  F.S.A.,  to  make 
a  complete  transcript  of  the  whole  of  the  monu- 
mental inscriptions  still  existing  within  the 
churches,  and  also  to  emblazon,  in  their  proper 
colours,  all  the  coats-of-arms  to  be  found  on  the 
tombs  and  in  stained-glass  windows.  To  these 
will  be  added  copies  of  arms  and  inscriptions 
which  have  been  destroyed,  but  of  which  records 
may  remain  in  manuscripts  in  the  Guildhall 
Library  and  the  British  Museum.  The  whole 
will  be  supplemented,  under  each  church,  by 
abstracts  of  the  wills  of  the  citizens  who  are  com- 
memorated, and  any  other  information  relating 
to  them  that  can  be  foxind.  The  churches  will 
be  dealt  with  in  alphabetical  order,  and  it  is 
estimated  that  the  work  will  take  five  years  to 
complete.  Mr.  Jewers,  who  is  a-  competent  herald, 
and  has  already  published  a  similar  work  upon 
Wells  Cathedral,  has  submitted  for  the  com- 
mittee's approval  that  part  of  the  manuscript 
relating  to  the  church  of  St.  Mary-at-Hill.  To 
judge  by  this  beautiful  specimen  the  Library 
Committee  will,  in  due  time,  become  possessed 
of  a  record  of  which  the  City  may  well  be  proud. 

Whether  the  transcript,  when  made,  is  to 
be  printed,  does  not  precisely  appear.  One 
may  hope  that  such  will  be  the  case,  however. 
There  will  be  many  in  "  foreign  parts  "  who 
will  want  to  consult  it. 

WILLIAM  MCMURRAY. 

DANBY  PICKERING  (11  S.  ii.  230).— Mr. 
Danby  Pickering,  "  barrister  at  law  and 
reader  of  the  law  lectures,  of  Gray's  Inn," 
died  on  24  March,  1781  (Gent.  Mag.,  1781, 
p.  148). 

After  reading  this  announcement,  I 
asked  a  friend,  Mr.  C.  A.  Russell,  K.C.,  a 
bencher  of  that  Society,  to  obtain  for  me 
the  particulars  in  its  archives  relating  to 
Pickering.  I  have  been  kindly  furnished 
with  them  by  Mr.  D.  W.  Douthwaite,  the 
Under-Treasurer.  They  add  to  the  facts 
already  recorded  about  Pickering. 

On  his  admission  to  the  inn  (28  June, 
1737)  he  was  described  as  the  son  of  Danby 
Pickering  of  Hatton  Garden,  parish  of  St. 
Andrew's,  Holborn,  Middlesex,  gent.  ;  but 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  17,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


493 


his  age  is  not  specified.  At  a  Pension  which 
was  held  on  8  May,  1741,  he  was  "  called 
to  the  Bar  of  grace  on  the  recommendation 
of  Sir  Thomas  Abney  "  ;  and  on  6  February, 
1769,  he  was  called  to  the  Bench.  On 
31  January,  1753,  a  Pension  was  held,  and 
the  ten  benchers  of  the  inn  who  were  present, 

"  taking  into  consideration  the  many  difficultys 
that  young  gentlemen  who  are  unassisted  meet 
with  in  the  course  of  their  study  of  the  Law, 
and  being  desirous  as  far  as  in  them  lyes  to 
provide  a  remedy  for  this  inconvenience  and  to 
promote  a  regular  method  of  study  for  the 
students  of  this  Society,  do  order  that  Danby 
Pickering,  Esq. . .  .do  read  in  the  Hall  40  lectures 
at  such  times  as  the  Benchers  from  time  to  time 
shall  appoint,  and  that  the  sum  of  Sixty  Pounds 
be  paid  to  him  for  the  same." 

At  a  Pension  held  5  February,  1754,  the 
nine  benchers  present  recorded  their  satis- 
faction at  the  lectures  which  he  had  de- 
livered ;  "  ordered  that  the  Steward  do  pay 
unto  the  said  Mr.  Pickering  the  further  sum 
of  20?.  for  a  piece  of  plate  as  a  mark  of  their 
esteem  for  his  having  so  well  discharged 
himself  in  his  office  of  Reader "  ;  and 
resolved  that  the  lectures  be  continued  by 
him  for  the  ensuing  year  on  the  same  terms 
as  to  number  and  remuneration. 

At  the  Pension  held  on  10  February,  1761, 
the  seven  benchers  present  continued  the  lec- 
tures, but  issued  their  decree  that  a  notice 
should  next  term  be  screened  in  the  Hall 
"  that  unless  the  lectures  are  better  attended 
by  the  members  of  our  Society  (for  whose 
benefit  the  same  were  set  on  foot),  the 
Bench  will  be  under  a  necessity  of  discontinu- 
ing the  same."  On  4  February,  1784,  the 
benchers  ordered  that  the  MSS.  of  the  lec- 
tures delivered  by  Pickering  should  be  sent 
to  his  nephew  the  Rev.  Henry  Poole. 

The  present  Rector  of  St.  Andrew's, 
Holborn,  kindly  assisted  me  in  searching 
through  the  voluminous  registers  of  his 
parisli  for  the  christening  of  Pickering ; 
but  we  did  not  light  upon  it.  His  father 
may  about  1718  have  been  resident  elsewhere. 
W.  P.  COURTNEY. 

"TENEDISH"  (11  S.  ii.  286,  354).— It 
appears  odd  to  be  referred  to  Bailey's 
'  Dictionary  '  for  a  word  that  occurs  some 
half-dozen  times  in  Shakespeare,  frequently 
in  Spenser,  and  is  of  the  commonest  in 
earlier  literature.  It  can  be  compared  with 
tenebrce  in  so  far  only  as  they  possess  the 
same  four  letters.  The  former  word  is 
cognate  with  the  last  syllable  of  "wanton," 
and  the  latter  with  Ger.  Ddmmerung. 

H.  P.  L. 


GUICHARD  D' ANGLE  (US.  ii.  427,  472). — 
In  '  Sir  John  Froissart's  Chronicles,'  trans- 
lated by  John  Bouchier,  Lord  Berners 
(reprinted  1812),  vol.  i.  p.  483,  d'Angle  or 
Dangle  is  mentioned  twice  as  "  sir  Rycharde 
Dangle  "  and  once  as  "sir  Thomas  Dangle." 
A  foot-note  gives  Guiscard  as  the  true  name 
in  each  case.  He  was,  as  mentioned  by 
other  correspondents,  created  "  erle  of 
Huntyngdon "  on  the  occasion  of  the 
coronation  of  Richard  II.  in  1377. 

According  to  Froissart  (ibid.,  p.  584),  in 
1380  "  there  dyed  in  Lodon,  sir  Ry chard 
[foot-note  "  Guiscard "]  Dangle,  erle  of 
Hutyngdon,  and  was  buryed  in  the  frere 
Augustynes."  The  date  of  his  death  would 
appear  to  be  1381,  as  given  on  p.  655. 

In  the  1674  edition  of  Peter  Heylin's 
Catalogues,  in  the  long  list  of  Earls  of 
Huntingdon,  appears  (p.  347) 

1377     12     Guiscardd'  Angolesme.* 
"  12  "  means  twelfth  earl.     Then  follow  :— 

1388      13     John  Holland,  L.  high  Chamb.* 

1416     14     John  Holland,  D.  of  Exet.* 

1447     15     Hen.  Holland,  D.  of  Exon. 

The  asterism  appended  to  each  of  the 
first  three  means  "  Knight  of  the  Garter  " 
(p.  212). 

The  arms  of  Angolesme  and  those  of 
Holland  are  given  in  colours.  The  descrip- 
tion of  the  former  appears  thus  :  "  O. 
Biletty,  a  Lyon  ramp.  Az." 

Echard's  'History  of  England,'  1707-18, 
prints  the  name  as  "  D'Augolesme  "  (i.  383)  : 
and  Rapin  in  his  '  History,'  3rd  ed.,  1743 
(i.  453),  as  "  d'Augouleme." 

ROBERT  PIEKPOINT. 

EXHIBITION  OF   1851  :    ITS  MOTTO  (11  S- 
ii.    410,    452).— I  visited  the   Exhibition  of 
1851,  and  still  possess  the  Official  Catalogue 
which  I  bought  there  in  July,   1851.     The 
motto  of  the  Exhibition  is  clearly  printed 
on  the  cover,  and  on  the  title-page  of  the 
book,  in  capitals,  viz.  : — 
The  earth  is  the  Lord's,  and  all  that  therein  is  : 
The  compass  of  the  world,  and  they  that  dwell 

therein. 

I  think,    therefore,    that  these   words    (the 
Prayer  Book  version  of  Psalm  xxiv.  1)  must 
be  regarded  as  the  motto  of  the  Exhibition. 
JOHN  WARD,  F.S.A. 

"  YOU     HAVE     FORCED     ME     TO     DO     THIS 

WILLINGLY"  (11  S.  ii.  289).  —  Thomas 
Carlyle  wrote  to  Jane  Welsh,  11  May,  1823 
(No.  56  of  the  '  Love  Letters,'  edited  by 
Alexander  Carlyle)  : — 

"  I  purpose  finishing  '  Schiller  '  and  translating 
•  '  in  spite  of  all  its  drawbacks.  '  Meister  ' 


494 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  B.  n.  DEC.  17, 1910. 


will  introduce  us  to  its  Author  ;  for  you-  must 
know  that  you  and  I  are  to  go  and  live  six  months 
at  Weimar  and  learn  philosophy  and  poetry  from 
the  great  von  Goethe  himself  :  I  settled  it  all  the 
other  night,  so  there  is  nothing  further  to  be  said 
upon  the"  subject.  I  intend,  like  my  old  friend 
Joseph  Buonaparte,  '  to  oblige  you  to  go  volun- 
tarily.' " 

In  his  first  love  letter  to  Miss  Welsh, 
Carlyle  wrote  of  his  hesitation  about  visiting 
her  :  "  Would  to  Heaven  some  authorized 
person  would  *  force  me  to  go  voluntarily.'  ' 

The  editor  notes  that  this  was  a  phrase  of 
Napoleon's.  JAY  BENTON. 

CARLYLE  ON  SINGING  AT  WORK  (US. 
ii.  309). —  A  German  anthology  entitled 
*  Thomas  Carlyle  :  ein  Lebensbild  und  Gold- 
koerner  aus  seinen  Werken,'  Leipzig,  1882, 
has  this  quotation :  "  Gebt  mir,  O  gebt 
mir,  den  heiteren  Mann  der  bei  seiner 
Arbeit  singt."  The  *  Dictionary  of  Quota- 
tions '  by  the  Rev.  James  Wood  has  "  Give 
us  the  man  who  sings  at  his  work  ! " 
Granger's  '  Index,'  Southwick's  '  Steps  to 
Oratory,'  and  the  'Carlyle  Year -Book,' 
edited  by  Ann  Bachelor,  have  "  Give  us,  O 
give  us,  the  man  who  sings  at  his  work  !  " 

One  would  infer  that  the  words  came  from 
the  diary  or  reported  conversation  of  Carlyle. 

JAY    BENTON. 
Jersey  City,  N.J. 

DUELS  BETWEEN  CLERGYMEN  (11  S.  ii. 
445). — Some  notes  on  '  Remarkable  Duels  ' 
appeared  in  The  Illustrated  London  News 
of  1  and  8  November,  1856.  From  the  first 
instalment  I  make  the  following  extract : — 

"  About  this  time  duels  were  frequent  among 
clergymen.  In  1764,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hill  was 
killed  in  a  duel  by  Cornet  Gardiner,  of  the  Cara- 
bineers. The  Rev.  Mr.  Bate  fought  two  duels 
and  was  subsequently  created  a  Baronet,  and 
preferred  to  a  Deanery  after  he  had  fought  another 
duel.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Allen  killed  a  Mr.  Delany 
in  a  duel  in  Hyde  Park,  without,  it  is  said,  in- 
curring any  ecclesiastical  censure,  though  Judge 
Buller,  on  account  of  his  extremely  bad  conduct, 
strongly  charged  his  guilt  upon  the  jury." 

A  correspondent,  writing  on  the  same 
subject  in  the  issue  of  29  November, 
says : — 

"  The  Rev.  Henry  Bate,  or  Parson  Bate,  was 
a  duellist  of  great  reputation.  He  assumed  the 
name  of  Dudley  in  1784,  was  created  Baronet  in 
1815,  and  the  following  year  became  Prebend 
(not  Dean)  of  Ely  Cathedral.  At  the  time  of  his 
death  in  1824,  he  is  said  to  have  been  magistrate 
of  seven  counties  in  England  and  four  in  Ireland. 
The  parson's  duels  were  fought  early  in  life." 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Hodson  wounded  Mr. 
Grady  in  a  duel  in  August,  1827. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 


The  Gentleman's  Magazine,  1769,  records 
a  duel  between  Capt.  Douglas  and  the  Rev. 

Green  in  Hyde  Park  ;  the  former  was 

wounded  by  the  reverend  gentleman. 

See  also  9  S.  xi.  and  xii. 

R.  J.  FYXMORE. 

Sandgate. 

THACKERAY  AND  THE  STAGE  (11  S.  ii. 
428).  —  In  Macready's  '  Reminiscences, 
Diaries,  and  Letters'  (Macmillan  Co., 
1875)  Thackeray  is  mentioned  on  at  least 
seventeen  separate  occasions  between 
27  April,  1836,  and  11  October,  1855,  in 
friendly  intercourse  with  Macready  (though 
his  name  does  not  appear  in  the  Index  at 
the  end  of  the  book).  Perhaps  this  may 
afford  S.  J.  A.  F.  some  indirect  assistance. 

H.  S. 

An  article  entitled  '  Thackeray  and  the 
Theatre  '  appeared  in  Longman's  Magazine, 
1884,  vol.  iv.  pp.  409-23.  It  was  the  last 
literary  contribution  of  Mr.  Dutton  Cook, 
who  died  before  the  article  was  in  type. 
According  to  this,  '  The  Wolves  and  the 
Lamb '  was  Thackeray's  only  attempt  to- 
contribute  to  the  literature  of  the  stage. 
The  article,  however,  has  a  good  deal  to  say 
about  his  dramatic  criticisms  and  opinions, 
and  is  well  worth  reading. 

According  to  the  '  Life  of  Thackeray,'  in 
the  "  Great  Writers "  series,  p.  202,  a 
French  melodrama  bearing  the  name 
"  Thackeray  "  on  the  title-page  as  one  of  the 
authors,  is  believed  to  be  the  work  of  another 
member  of  the  Thackeray  family,  whose 
name  sometimes  appeared  in  dramatic 
literature  about  seventy  or  eighty  years  ago. 

W.  SCOTT. 

"TENEMENT-HOUSE"  (11  S.  ii.  447). — I 
cannot  give  SIR  JAMES  MURRAY  any  quota- 
tion worth  having  containing  the  term.  It 
is  a  quasi-legal  and  professional  term — one 
of  those  not  ordinarily  used  by  legal  writers, 
and  yet  one  the  use  of  which  by  writers  of 
light  literature  goes  for  little  or  nothing.  It 
is  a  term  that  expresses  something  that  was 
known  and  referred  to  in  much  the  same 
way  centuries  ago.  After  the  Civil  War  the 
great  migration  of  yeoman  and  merchant 
stock  to  London,  &c.,  brought  about  a 
vacation  of  good  residences  in  the  rural  parts 
and  smaller  towns,  and  these,  being  difficult 
to  let  for  occupation  as  before,  were  divided 
into  several  habitations,  or  "  tenements " 
as  they  were  called.  Thus  in  deeds  of  the 
seventeenth  and  eighteenth  centuries  it  is 
very  common  to  find  reference  to  a  messuage 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  17,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


495 


formerly  one  tenement,  but  then  divided 
into  so  many  tenements,  occupied  by  So-and- 
so.  Burgages  thus  divided  are  frequent  in 
the  smaller  boroughs  ;  and  the  condition 
has  often  existed  so  long  that  the  several 
tenements  are  now  looked  upon  as  separate 
messuages,  each  having  a  divided  portion 
of  the  appurtenances,  and  have  been  bought 
and  sold  separately. 

The  step  from  this  use  of  the  word  "  tene- 
ment "  to  that  referred  to  by  SIR  JAMES 
MURRAY  is  so  slight  that  it  is  impossible  to 
say  when  the  latter  term  originated.  It  may 
be  that  in  the  seventeenth  century  such 
divided  messuages  were  referred  to  as  tene- 
ment-houses ;  but  it  is  unlikely,  because 
"  tenement  "  was  then  mainly  a  legal  term, 
and  "  house  "  a  domestic  t&rm.  Originally 
"  tenement "  meant  any  hereditament 
feudally  held  of  a  superior  lord  ;  then  a 
separate  corporeal  hereditament,  e.g.  a 
niessuage  ;  but  it  was  not  until  tenements 
in  the  latter  sense  were  divided  that  the 
term  came  to  signify  a  habitation  alone, 
irrespective  of  its  tenure.  It  is  far  more 
likely  that  "  tenement-house  "  originated  in 
the  seventeenth  century  than  when  philan- 
thropy entered  the  lists  against  the  specula- 
tive builder.  P.  C.  RUSHEN. 
7,  Warwick  Mansions,  Warwick  Court, 
High  Holborn. 

Most  of  the  houses  in  this  town,  and  I 
believe  on  Tyneside  generally,  are  let  in 
flats,  and  are  known  as  "  tenemented 
houses."  I  have  always  known  them  as 
such,  long  before  the  Peabody  Trust.  In 
many  cases  more  than  one  tenant  occupy  a 
flat.  R.  B— R. 

South  Shields. 

'  The  Century  Dictionary's  '  definition  of 
this  word,  as  applied  in  America,  is  sub- 
stantially correct : — 

"  A  house  or  block  of  buildings  divided  into 
dwellings,  occupied  by  separate  families;  techni- 
cally in  the  State  of  New  York  any  house  occupied 
by  more  than  three  families.  In  ordinary  use  the 
word  is  restricted  to  such  dwellings  for  the  poorer 
classes  in  crowded  parts  of  cities." 

Thus  on  the  East  Side  of  New  York  City 
these  habitations  for  families,  mostly  foreign, 
abound.  The  larger  houses  that  are  sublet 
into  flats  for  the  wealthy  class  are  known 
as  "  apartment  houses "  ;  while  houses 
in  which  clerks,  stenographers,  and  shop- 
workers,  single  or  married,  can  rent  one  or 
two  rooms,  go  by  the  name  of  furnished- 
rooms  dwellings,"  the  same  being,  in  New 
York  at  least,  quite  distinct  from  boarding- 
nouses.  N.  W.  HILL. 


CHARLES  FRAISER,  PHYSICIAN  TO  CHARLES 
I  II.  (11  S.  ii.  449). — There  is  a  long  account 
\  of  Sir  Alexander  Fraser  of  Durris,  who  was 
made  one  of  the  physicians  to  Charles  I.  in 
1645,  and  held  the  same  position  at  the 
Court  of  Charles  II.,  in  '  MacFarlane's 
Genealogical  Collections'  (Scottish  History 
Society),  vol.  ii.  pp.  323-31.  It  is  men- 
tioned there  that  his  second  son  was  "  Mr. 
Charles  Fraser,  Esq.,  a  Learned  and  In- 
genious gentleman  as  any  in  his  time.  He 
translated  Some  of  Plutarch's  Lives,  and  was 
generally  supposed  the  Author  of  '  The 
Turkish  Spy.'  '  He  died  unmarried.  Can 
this  be  the  man  G.-  F.  R.  B.  is  seeking  ? 

A.  FRANCIS  STEUART. 
79,  Great  King  Street,  Edinburgh. 

Dr.  Charles  Frasier  (or  Fraiser)  was  living 
when  Charles  II.  died.  See  '  Some  Royal 
Deathbeds,'  British  Medical  Journal,  25  June, 
1910.  S.  D.  C. 

"  WINCHESTER  QUART  "  :  "  CORBYN  "  : 
"  CHOPIN  "  (11  S.  ii.  405).— There  is  a  well- 
known  and  old-established  firm  of  whole- 
sale druggists,  Messrs.  Corbyn,  Stacey  &  Co. 
May  not  this  form  of  bottle  have  been  intro- 
duced by  them  for  the  convenience  of  their 
customers  ?  Their  name  as  applied  to  it 
would  naturally  follow.  Probably  applica- 
tion to  the  firm  would  clear  up  the  point. 
J.  E.  MATTHEW. 

In  many  old  hotels  in  Germany  men 
meet  in  the  evening  to  have  a  "  Chopin  "  of 
wine  (about  half  a  pint),  and  in  some  of 
them  a  drawer  of  wine  stands  at  a  window 
at  the  end  of  the  room,  and  brings  up  wine 
from  the  cellar  as  ordered.  This  is  surely 
an  old  custom.  The  writer  has  often 
enjoyed  a  "  Chopin  "  of  Rhine  wine  at  the 
old  hotel  Konig  von  Spanien  in  Aachen. 

[MR.  HOLDEN  MACM.ICHAEL  also  suggests  that 
"Corbyn"  is  named  from  the  firm  of  druggists.] 

ROBERT,  DUKE  OF  NORMANDY,  AND 
ARLETTE  (US.  ii.  347,  396).— In  '  The  New 
Chronicles  of  England  and  France,'  by  Robert 
Fabyan  (reprinted  from  Pynson's  edition 
of  1516,  London,  1811,  p.  220),  Capitulum 
ccvii.,  we  read  : — 

"  Of  this  Wyllyams  procreacion,  it  is  witnessed 
of  Vyncent  Hystoryall  &  other,  that  his  fader 
passynge  by  y*  cytie  or  towne  of  Faloys,  in  Nor- 
mandy, he  sawe  a  company  of  maydens  dausynge 
by  the  strete,  amonges  ye  whiche  was  one  of 
passynge  beautie,  called  Arlet,  and  doughter 
to  a  skynner  ;  to  the  whiche  duke  Robert  caste 
vnlefull  loue,  in  such  wyse,  that  he  caused  her 
to  be  broutrht  to  his  bed  the  nyght  followyng, 


496 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       in  s.  n.  DEC.  IT,  mo. 


and  helde  her  to  his  concubyne  a  certeyne  of 
tyme  after,  and  begat  on  her  this  Wyllyam. 
Whan  his  moder  was  with  hyni  conceyued,  she 
dremed  that  her  bowellys  were  sprade  ouer  all 
Normady  and  Englande  ;  and  whan  he  was 
borne  of  his  nioders  wombe,  he  fylle  to  the 
grounde,  and  closed  his  handes  with  powder 
of  ye  flore  or  pauement :  therfore  the  mydwyfe 
made  an  exclamacyon,  and  sayde,  '  this  childe 
shall  be  a  kynge.'  " 

This  account  differs  in  some  details  from 
that  given  by  William  of  Malmesbury 
(John  Sharpe's  translation,  1815,  p.  299). 
Fabyan  apparently  quotes  as  Ms  authority 
the  '  Speculum  Historiale '  of  Vincent  de 
Beauvais  (Vincentius  Bellovacensis),  who 
died  about  a  hundred  years  later  than 
William  of  Malmesbury.  Fabyan,  on  the 
authority  of  "  Vyncent  Hy  story  all  &  other," 
gives  a  street  in  Faloys  as  the  scene,  and 
Arlet  as  the  name  of  the  girl,  who  was  the 
daughter  of  a  skinner,  and  speaks  of  the 
night  following  the  day  on  which  the  Duke 
had  seen  her.  These*  particulars  are  not 
given  by  William  of  Malmesbury.  Also 
Fabyan  says  that  the  child,  when  he  fell  to 
the  ground,  filled  his  hands  with  powder 
of  the  floor,  whereas  William  of  Malmesbury 
says  "  with  the  rushes  strewed  upon  the 
floor."  William  also  says  that  the  child 
was  named  after  his  great-great-grandfather, 
a  fact  omitted  by  Fabyan. 

I  note  these  differences  as  showing  that 
Vincent  and  the  other,  alluded  to  by  Fabyan, 
though  they  may  have  seen  William  of 
Malmesbury 's  history,  had  other  sources  of 
information.  Yet  the  longer  account  given 
by  Fabyan  does  not  contradict  that  of 
William  of  Malmesbury,  excepting  as  to 
what  the  child  grasped.  Both  mention 
Arlet's  dream. 

Henry  Ellis  in  his  preface  to  the  1811 
edition  of  Fabyan,  p.  xv,  foot  -  note, 
says  : — 

"  The  French  Translation  of  Vincent's  '  Specu- 
lum Historiale  '  appears  to  have  been  that  used 
by  Fabyan.  It  was  printed  at  Paris  by  Verard, 
in  1495-6,  in  five  volumes  folio  of  the  largest  size. 
A  magnificent  copy,  printed  on  vellum,  superbly 
illuminated,  is  among  the  books  in  the  library 
of  the  British  Museum,  which  formerly  belonged 
to  King  Henry  the  Seventh." 

ROBERT  PIERPOIXT. 

'  WALRUS  AND  THE  CARPENTER  '  PARODY 
(11  S.  ii.  469). — This  was  entitled  'The 
Vulture  and  the  Husbandman,'  and  ap- 
peared in  The  Light  Green,  "  a  superior  and 
high-class  periodical  supported  by  well- 
known  and  popular  writers."  In  reality 
it  was  written  almost  exclusively  by  (the 
Rev.)  Arthur  Clements  Hilton  (St.  John's)  : 


No.  1,  May,  1872  ;  No.  2,  November,  1872, 
Cambridge  (not  Oxford,  as  MR,  G.  H.  SHAW 
states). 

The  parody  may  be  found  at  p.  92  of 
H.  C.  Marillier's  '  University  Magazines  and 
their  Makers,'  No.  xlvii.  of  the  "  Opuscule  " 
of  "  Ye  Sette  of  Odd  Volumes,"  1899,  whence 
the  above  particulars  are  derived. 

JOHN  HODGKIN. 

The  two  lines  quoted  occur,  with  a  slight 
variation,  in  '  The  Vulture  and  the  Husband- 
man,' one  of  the  parodies  in  The  Light  Green, 
Cambridge,  1872,  No.  1.  The  whole  poem 
was  reprinted  at  5  S.  iv.  183,  and  is  further 
referred  to  on  pp.  218  and  232  of  that  volume. 

S.  W. 

MR,  SHAW  will  find  this  parody  in  Hamil- 
ton's '  Parodies,'  vol.  iv.  p.  57. 

JOHN  PATCHING. 

Sunny  croft,  Lewes. 

[A.  A.  B.,  MR.  W.  A.  B.  COOLIDGE,  R.  M.,  the 
REV.  F.  PENNY,  MR.  R.  A.  POTTS,  and  G.  W.  E.  R. 
also  thanked  for  replies.] 

SCISSORS  AND  JAWS  (11  S.  ii.  448). — I 
well  remember  that  fifty  years  ago  my 
brothers  and  myself  noticed  that  while  our 
mother  was  "  cutting-out,"  she  moved  her 
jaws  (or  rather  her  jaw)  in  unison  with  the 
action  of  her  scissors.  She  was  quite  un- 
conscious of  it,  and  laughed  at  herself  when 
we  told  her.  T  doubt,  however,  if  she  did  not 
continue  the  habit. 

Apropos  of  this  movement  of  the  lower 
jaw,  for  it  is  only  the  lower  jaw  that  moves, 
I  noted  lately  an  amusing  error  in  De  Quin- 
cey's  '  Reminiscences  of  the  Lake  Poets.' 
In  giving  an  account  in  the  first  chapter 
of  Coleridge's  lectures  at  the  Royal  Institu- 
tion, De  Quincey  says:  "He  often  seemed 
to  labour  under  an  almost  paralytic  inability 
to  raise  the  upper  jaw  from  the  lower." 

WM.  H.  PEET. 

A  movement  of  the  jaws  in  unison  with 
each  motion  of  the  scissor-blades  is  one  of  the 
most  common  facial  tricks  of  men,  women, 
and  children  whilst  using  this  tool.  The 
movement  is  more  pronounced  when  tilt- 
material  is  hard  to  cut,  and  when  the  move- 
ments of  the  scissors  have  to  follow  an 
intricate  pattern.  I  have  often  noticed 
it  myself.  The  same  thing  takes  place 
whilst  some  people  are  writing  and  drawing. 
Some  make  a  jaw  movement  with  the 
curve  of  each  letter  they  write.  Few  are 
conscious  of  it  at  the  time.  I  have  noticed 
it  with  men  using  a  file,  and  in  others 
whilst  digging.  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Worksop. 


ii  s.  ii.  DKC.  17,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


497 


Every  kind  of  work  requires,  presumably, 
its  own  distinctive  facial  expression.  A 
man  cutting  a  log  of  wood  will  clinch  his 
teeth  with  every  blow  of  his  axe.  With 
regard  to  the  use  of  scissors,  much,  of  course, 
depends  on  whether  or  not  a  person  is  accus- 
tomed to  use  them.  If  not  familiar  with 
their  use,  the  muscles  of  the  hand  holding 
the  scissors  soon  become  wearied,  so  that  it 
requires  a  strong  effort  of  the  will  to  carry 
on  the  work.  This  exercise  of  the  will  is 
generally  attended  by  a  compression  of  the 
lips  or  a  clinching  of  the  teeth,  or  sometimes 
bv  both  at  once,  corresponding  to  the  forcing 
of  the  scissor-blades  together.  When  the 
cut  is  made,  and  the  blades  are  drawn  apart, 
the  compressed  lips  or  clinched  teeth  im- 
mediately separate. 

The  same  principle  may  bfe  observed  in  the 
case  of  a  man  unskilled  in  letter-writing. 
He  takes  off  his  coat,  rolls  up  his  shirt- 
sleeves, inclines  his  head  at  an  acute  angle, 
and  allows  his  tongue  to  loll  from  the  corner 
of  the  mouth  furthest  removed  from  the 
pen.  The  protruding  tongue  seems  to  be 
an  instinctive  effort  to  restore  the  natural 
balance  disturbed  by  the  grasp  of  the  pen,  and 
is  significant  of  the  exhaustion  produced  by 
the  unwonted  task  of  writing. 

Women  as  a  rule  are  more  expert  in  using 
scissors  than  men,  and  do  not  generally 
betray  the  same  symptoms  of  stress  and 
strain.  If,  however,  an  unexpected  obstacle 
be  encountered,  such  as  a  piece  of  cloth 
tougher  than  ordinary,  or  a  bit  of  string 
entangled  in  the  paper,  then  the  brows  knit, 
the  eyes  flash,  the  lips  are  compressed,  the 
teeth  locked  together,  and  the  whole  attitude 
of  the  woman  becomes  expressive  of  a 
determination  to  do  or  die. 

Of  the  three  divisions  of  the  human  race 
indicated  in  the  query — men,  women,  and 
tailors — the  last,  tailors  to  wit,  are  no  doubt 
governed  by  the  same  impulses  as  ordinary 
men  and  women.  SCOTUS. 

A  lady  of  great  experience  tells  me  that 
among  dressmakers  she  has  noticed  that 
scissors  and  jaws  always  work  in  sympathy. 
A  master  tailor  in  the  neighbourhood  says 
the  same  phenomenon  is  observable  among 
men  of  his  craft.  PERCY  ADDLESHAW. 

Hassocks,  Sussex. 

WATERMARKS  IN  PAPER  (11  S.  ii.  327, 
371,  395,  458). — MR.  E.  A.  FRY  will  find  a 
M-ries  of  articles,  dealing  chiefly  with  early 
watermarks,  in  a  most  unlikely  place — 
The  Re-Union  Magazine,  vol.  i.,  completed 
this  year.  RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 


CHYEBASSA  (11  S.  ii.  448). — There  is  a 
place  called  Chaibasa,  the  head-quarters  of 
the  Singhbhum  district  in  Bengal  (see 
'  Imperial  Gazetteer  of  India,'  1908,  vol.  x. 
121).  Possibly  the  ship  to  which  T.  S. 
refers  took  its  name  from  this  town. 

EMERITUS. 

Chaibassa,  according  to  the  old  spelling 
Chyebassa,  is  the  head-quarter  station  of  the 
district  of  Singbhum  in  Bengal. 

F.  DE  H.  L. 

There  is  a  village  of  this  name  in  Chota 
Nagpur,  India.  J.  DE  BERNIERE  SMITH. 

EARLY  BEEFSTEAK  CLUB  (US.  ii.  445). — 
A  writer  in  one  of  the  daily  newspapers 
(1  March,  1904)  said  that 

"  the  '  Sublime  Society  of  Beefsteaks  ' — to  give 
the  body  its  official  style — seems  to  have  been 
founded  in  1735  by  John  Rich,  the  patentee  of 
Covent  Garden  Theatre,  and  George  Lambert 
the  scene-painter." 

On  the  showing  of  A.  F.  R.,  however,  this 
cannot  be  correct.  Does  '  The  Life  and 
Death  of  the  Sublime  Society  of  Beefsteaks,' 
by  Brother  Walter  Arnold  (Bradbury,  Evans 
&  Co.,  1871),  afford  any  further  information 
on  this  point  ? 

J.    HOLDEN    MACMlCHAEL. 

A  very  curious  instance  of  an  imitation  of 
the  original  Beefsteak  Club  is  to  be  found 
in  a  letter  denouncing  the  African  slave- 
trade,  published  in  H.  S.  Woodfall's  Public 
Advertiser  of  31  January,  1788.  This,  which 
was  editorially  announced  to  have  been 
written  by  "  the  well-known  Mr.  Henry 
Smeathman,  who  has  lived  many  years 
among  the  Negroes  in  Africa,  and  also  in  the 
West-India  islands,"  said  : — 

"  There  are  many  men  of  colour  who  possess 
fortunes  in  the  [West  IndiaJ  Islands.  At  Antigua, 
a  few  of  them  took  it  into  their  heads  to  meet 
at  a  tavern  once  a  week  and  dine  together.  They 
called  their  little  club  a  Beef  Steak  Club.  But  this 
offended  the  Whites,  and  they  were  taken  and 
flogged  for  it  in  the  open  market. — Such  is  the 
freedom  of  Black  and  Mulatto  men  in  the  English 
Islands. — This  is  a  fact,  which  one  of  the  Justices 
told  me,  adding, — '  Damn  the  dogs,  to  have  tie 
impudence  to  take  such  a  title.'  "  • 

A.  F.  R. 

DOROTHY  VERNON'S  ELOPEMENT  (11  S. 
ii.  448). — The  late  Duchess  of  Rutland  wrote 
an  article  in  The  Quarterly  Review  for  January, 
1890,  which  was  afterwards  reprinted  with 
additions  under  the  title  of  '  Haddon  Hall, 
being  Notes  on  its  History.'  On  p.  21 
of  the  reprint  she  says  :  "  The  well-known 


498 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      HI  s.  n.  DEC.  17,  ma 


and   romantic     story    of    the    elopement    of  |  recently  that  women  have  been  permitted 
Dorothy    with    John    Manners    will    hardly  j  in  Prussia  to  take  their  doctor's  degree  with- 
bear  the  test  of  criticism,  at  all  events  in  its 
details,    though    it    may    have    had    some 


historical    foundation  " — a    statement    witl 
which  most  Derbyshire  antiquaries  will,   ] 


think,  concur. 


G.  F.  R.  B. 


The  writer  was  Janetta,  Duchess  of  Rut 
land,  second  wife  of  the  late  (seventh)  Duke 
She  married  Lord  John  Manners  in  1862 
and  died  in  1899.  F.  H.  CHEETHAM. 

[CoL.  R.  J.  FYXMORE  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

CORPSE  BLEEDING  IN  PRESENCE  OF  THE 

MURDERER  (11  S.  ii.  328,  390).  —Sir  Kenelm 
Digby  in  his  '  Observations  on  Religio 
Medici '  expressed  his  belief  in  this  super- 
stition ;  see  Sir  T.  Browne's  *  Works,' 
Bohn's  Edition,  ii.  467-8.  Browne's  editor, 
Simon  Wilkins,  quotes  Alexander  Ross  in 
this  connexion.  Ross,  who  believed  in  the 
bleeding  of  the  slain  body  at  the  approach  of 
the  murderer,  considered  that  it  was  the 
effect  of  a  miracle,  not  of  the  soul. 

H.  G.  WARD. 
Aachen. 

An  Irish  peasant  whom  I  met  a  few  days 
ago  told  me  that  it  is  a  very  common  belief  in 
his  country  that  the  corpse  bleeds  afresh 
at  the  touch  of  the  murderer.  He  said  that 
lie  himself  was  fully  convinced  of  its  truth. 

L.  S.  M. 

LADIES  AND  UNIVERSITY  DEGREES  (US. 
ii.  247,  358,  395,  436).— At  the  University  of 
Halle  a  lady,  Dorothea  Christiana  Erxleben, 
took  the  ordinary  doctor's  degree  in  medicine 
as  early  as  1754.  She  defended  a  medical 
thesis  entitled  '  Dissertatio  exponens  quod 
nimis  cito  ac  jucunde  curare  ssepius  fiat 
caussa  minus  tutse  curationis.'  After  having 
passed  her  oral  examination,  she  received 
her  diploma  from  the  medical  faculty,  which 
is  dated  12  June,  1754,  and  still  to  be  seen 
in  the  Quedlinburg  (Harz)  Town  Museum. 
This  lady  was  born  on  13  November,  1715, 
and  received  her  first  instruction  in  medical 
science  from  her  father,  a  Quedlinburg 
doctor  named  Leporin.  She  married  a 
pastor  of  the  Quedlinburg  Nicolaikirche 
named  Johann  Christian  Erxleben.  In 
1742,  before  her  marriage,  she  wrote  a  much- 
praised  work  on  study  for  women.  Her 
death  took  place  on  13  June,  1762. 


out  special  permission  from  the  authorities. 

In  the  same  museum  in  Quedlinburg 
another  doctor's  diploma  is  to  be  seen,  that 
of  Fraulein  Maria  Walther  of  Quedlinburg,. 
who  passed  her  examination  at  the  Badenese- 
University  of  Heidelberg  on  1  October,  1898, 

H.  G.  WARD. 

Aachen. 

In  1870,  living  in  London,  I  knew  two 
sisters.  One,  Mrs.  Vincent,  had  obtained 
her  degree  in  Edinburgh,  and  was  practising 
midwifery  in  Birmingham  ;  the  other,  Miss 
Vickery,  was  preparing  for  her  medical 
examination.  I  lost  sight  of  them  both,  and 
doubt  whether  they  are  still  living. 

E.  FIGAROLA-CANEDA. 

Compostela  49  (altos),  Havana,  Cuba. 


0n 


The  Hose  Goddess,  and  other  Sketches  of  Rlystcry 

and  Romance.     By  Ladv  Russell.     (Longmans. 

&  Co.) 

THE  scheme  of  this  book  is  well  explained  by 
Lady  Russell  in  her  short  preface,  in  which  she- 
tells  us  that  in  each  of  these  historical  sketches 
one  or  more  of  the  characters  are  remotely  con- 
nected with  her  family,  so  that,  although  several1 
of  them  are  old  stories  retold,  she  has  been  enabled 
from  private  sources  to  add  some  intimate 
aarticulars. 

Lady  Russell  was  the  eldest  daughter  of  the 
seventh  son  of  Charles,  fourth  Duke  of  Richmond 
md   Gordon,  and  for  this  reason  the  stories  are- 
nost  of  them  connected  with  the  Gordon  Lennox 
'amily.     She  is  the  widow  of  Sir  George  Russell 
of  Swallowfield,  who  was  the  son  of  one  of  the 
nost  prominent  of  our   English   representatives 
t      Hyderabad  ;     hence    '  The    Rose    Goddess  ' 
nd  some  other  stories  of  India. 

The  sketches  are  decidedly  attractive,  owing 
)artly  to  the  desirable  admixture  of  original 
etters  and  matter  with  historical  detail,  and  still 
nore  to  the  easy  and  attractive  style  of  narrative.. 
The  interest  of  the  volume  is  much  increased  by 
he  numerous  fine  illustrations,  which  are  taken 
nainly  from  pictures  in  the  possession  of  the 
)uke  of  Richmond  or  at  Swallowfield. 

The  story  of  '  The  Rose  Goddess  '  is  to  our 
nind  one  of  the  least  interesting.  It  is  a  sketch 
f  the  life  of  a  girl  who  was  the  daughter  of  an 
English  soldier  married  to  a  Begum  in  India, 


that  this  young  lady  had  a  rather  serious  flirta- 
tion with  Carlyle,  we  see  nothing  exceptional  in 
her  life,  although  contemporary  portraits  prove- 
her  to  have  been  a  beauty. 

By   far   the   most   interesting  historical  sketch 


Frau    Erxleben    was    certainly    the    first    .    ?7  "*  ™e  3*1™ 

.     ,„       .„  ^   -TT  ,,      t  is  that  of  Louise  de   Keroualle,   the  mistress  of 


woman  to  take  a  doctor's  degree  at  Halle, 
for  which  unusual  step  she  obtained  the 
permission  of  Frederick  the  Great.  It  is  only 


Charles  II.  and  ancestress  of  the  Dukes  of  Rich- 
mond. The  contents  of  this  sketch  are  of  reaE 
historical  value  and  are  poignantly  told. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  17,1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


499 


Louise  came  over  in  the  train  of  Ilenriette, 
Duchesse  d' Orleans  ("  Madame  "),  as  one  of  her 
maids  of  honour,  and  at  once  attracted  the  atten- 
tion of  the  King.  In  1672  she  bore  him  a  son, 
who  was  named  Charles  after  him.  In  the 
following  year  King  Charles  created  his  "  Fubs  " 
(as  he  called  her)  Baroness  of  Petersfleld,  Countess 
of  Farnham,  and  Duchess  of  Pendennis.  This 
title  was  shortly  afterwards  altered  to  Duchess  of 
Portsmouth,  and  four  months  later  Louis  XIV. 
made  her  Duchesse  d'Aubigny,  and  in  1675  King 
Charles  created  her  son  Baron  Settrington,  Earl 
of  March,  and  Duke  of  Richmond  in  the  county 
of  Yorks. 

The  Duchess  of  Portsmouth  soon  gained 
immense  influence  with  the  King,  and  kept  the 
first  place  in  his  affections  until  his  death  ;  in 
spite  of  the  hatred  of  the  people,  the  attacks 
of  politicians,  and  the  waywardness  of  Charles, 
she  was  for  many  years  virtually  queen  of  England, 
and  when  the  King  wanted  refined  charm  of 
conversation  and  delicacy,  he  retired  to  the 
apartments  of  the  Duchess.  liady  Russell  thus 
describes  the  Duchess  of  Portsmouth  : — 

"  She  had  excellent  manners,  never  lost  her 
temper,  and  never  wrangled,  but  if  she  failed  to 
carry  her  point  she  had  recourse  to  tears.  If 
the  melting  mood  was  inefficacious,  it  was  said 
that  fits  of  sudden  illness  were  brought  into  requi- 
sition." 

She  appears  to  have  been  a  very  extravagant 
woman  and  a  great  gambler  ;  but  so  generous 
was  Charles  to  her  that,  when  she  returned  to 
Brittany,  she  bought  back  the  old  family  estates 
of  Keroualle  and  Mesnoiiales,  and  two  years  later 
she  purchased  the  Terre  du  Chastel  from  the 
creditors  of  the  Due  de  Brissac.  On  one  occasion 
Charles  gave  her  a  single  jewel  of  the  value  of 
15,OOOZ.,  whichhe  had  ordered  as  apresent  for  his 
wife,  because  the  Duchess  expressed  a  liking  for  it ; 
and  a  patent  was  issued  granting  her  a  yearly 
pension  of  8,600/.,  to  be  paid  out  of  the  revenue 
of  excise  dues  upon  beer,  ale,  and  other  liquors 
in  England,  Wales,  and  Berwick.  This  grant  was 
subsequently  decreased  to  5,6007.  a  year  by 
James  II.  Her  son  was  treated  in  a  still  more 
lavish  style,  and  a  grant  was  made  to  the  young 
Duke  of  twelve  pence  for  every  chaldron  of  coal 
shipped  from  the  port  of  Newcastle.  This  con- 
tinued to  his  descendants  until  1799,  when  the 
right  was  purchased  by  the  Lords  of  the  Treasury 
for  an  annuity  of  19,000/.,  henceforth  payable 
out  of  the  Consolidated  Fund  to  the  Duke  and 
his  heirs.  The  Countess  Marischal  was 
appointed  his  governess,  with  a  salary  of 
2,000  livres  ;  and  afterwards  Richard  Duke, 
the  poet,  became  his  tutor.  We  wonder  what 
Mr.  Lloyd  George  would  say  to  the  creation  of 
dukedoms  such  as  those  of  the  Duke  of  St.  Albans. 
the  Duke  of  Grafton,  and  the  Duke  of  Richmond 
upon  the  lines  of  finance  pursued  by  the  Merry 
Monarch  !  It  is  entertaining  to  find  the  Duchess 
of  Portsmouth  quarrelling  with  Barbara  Villiers, 
Duchess  of  Cleveland,  regarding  the  precedence  in 
ducal  creation  of  their  respective  sons. 

Lady  Russell  proves  to  our  satisfaction  that 
the  Duchess  of  Portsmouth  was  of  noble  birth  and 
allied  to  all  the  principal  French  families,  including 
those  of  Bourbon  and  De  Rohan  ;  and  though 
extravagant,  she  seems  to  have  been  a  gentle 
and  lovable  woman,  and  to  have  endeared  herself 
to  her  royal  master  up  to  the  very  day  of  his 
death. 


In  another  story,  called  '  The  Queen  of  Man,' 
which  to  our  mind  is  quite  interesting,  we  come 
across  the  Lords  Derby  and  the  previous  creation 
of  the  Richmond  Dukedom  in  the  person  of  the 
Stuarts.  We  also  commend  to  the  reader  '  Our 
Polish  Cousins,'  '  The  Captive  Princesses,'  and 
'  Che  Sara,  Sara.'  Some  of  the  stories  are  too 
slight  to  interest  the  public,  but  they  are  all 
delightfully  written,  and,  as  we  have  "said,  the 
illustrations  throughout  the  volume  add  much 
to  its  charm. 

\\e  note  on  p.  179,  line  1,  that  in  the  blazon 
of  the  arms  of  Pechell  there  should  be  a  point  after 
the  "  or  "  ;  in  fact,  the  whole  paragraph  is  rather 
curiously  punctuated.  The  Appendix  contains 
a  pedigree  of  the  Duchess  of  Portsmouth's  family,, 
and  further  notes  as  to  their  ancestry,  but  these 
details  are  of  more  interest  to  the  family  of  the 
Duke  of  Richmond  and  Gordon  than  to  the  general 
public. 

The  printing,  binding,  and  production  of  the 
work  are  worthy  of  the  reputation  of  Messrs.. 
Longman,  and  will  commend  the  volume  to  alt 
readers. 

The  Fortnightly  begins  with  an  article  on  '  The 
Crisis  and  the  Nation,'  by  Mr.  J.  L.  Garvin,  and 
Mr.  Sydney  Brooks  follows  with  '  Democracy  and 
the  Crisis.'  '  The  Last  Sultan  of  Turkey '  is 
sketched  by  C.  Chryssaphides  and  Ren6  Lara 
from  unpublished  documents.  Abdul  Hamid  II. 
is  not  exactly  a  pleasant  subject;  we  are  told 
that  he  "  never  indulged  to  excess,"  and  therefore 
had  wonderful  health.  But  he  was  paralyzed  by 
the  fear  of  being  assassinated,  which  "  influenced 
the  greater  number  of  the  abominable  acts,  crimes, 
sacrileges,  that  he  committed."  We  have  pretty 
good  evidence  that  he  indulged  himself  in  the 
pleasure  of  seeing  men  tortured  while  he  was 
secreted  behind  a  screen.  It  is  of  a  piece  with 
his  other  cruelties,  such  as  the  murder  of  a  child 
of  six  because  she  seized  his  revolver  as  a  play- 
thing !  Mr.  Lewis  Melville  writes  on  the  new 
Life  of  Beaconsfield,  and  lays  stress  on  his  cha- 
racteristics as  a  Jew.  There  is  little  else  that  is 
illuminating  in  the  article,  or  that  tells  us  any-, 
thing  new.  In  a  note  to  '  Home  Rule  :  a  Live 
Issue,'  it  is  pointed  out  that  The  Fortnightly 
"opens  its  columns  to  all  reasoned  statements 
on  controversial  issues."  This  is  well;  for  the 
perpetual  iteration  of  the  same  point  of  view 
grows  tedious  to  the  ordinary  reader.  Mr.  M.  H. 
Spielmann  has  a  paper  on  '  The  Position  of  Fine 
Art  in  the  New  Copyright  Bill,'  which  is  generally 
regarded  as  satisfactory.  Mr.  G,  W.  Forrest 
in  '  The  Marquess  of  Dalhousie  '  discusses  the 
private  letters  of  that  statesman  recently  pub- 
lished with  the  skill  of  an  Anglo-Indian  who 
knows  well  both  India  and  the  art  of  writing. 
Of  the  remaining  articles,  we  are  most  interested 
in  '  The  Revival  in  Rugby  Football  '  which  is 
shown  to  have  taken  place  by  Mr.  E.  H.  D. 
Sewell.  His  facts  and  figures  are  the  more 
satisfactory  because  the  Rugby  game  has  a 
record  of  cleaner  and  fairer  play  than  the  Associa- 
tion code,  which  has  long  been  degraded  by  the 
trickery  of  professional  players.  Mr.  Oliver 
Onions,  one  of  the  best  of  our  younger  writers, 
has  a  clever  short  story,  '  Rooum  '  ;  and  Mr. 
Maurice  Hewlett  a  short  poem  on  '  Tolstoy,' 
which  is  too  concise  in  its  diction  to  be  quite  . 
satisfactory. 


500 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  DEC.  17, 1910. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — DECEMBER. 

ME.  JOHN  GRANT  of  Edinburgh  has  a  fresh  list 
of  books,  new  as  issued,  at  great  reductions.  We 
nate  Campbell's  '  Bahnerino  and  its  Abbey,'  6s.  ; 

*  British  Birds,'   by  Butler,   Forbes,   Slater,   and 
others,  6  vols.,  royal  4to,  11.  16s.  Gd.  ;   Max  Beer- 
bohrn's  '  Book  of  Caricatures,'  8s.  Gd.  ;    Cowan's 

*  House  of  Stuart,'  2  vols.,  12s.  ;    Capart's  '  Early 
Art  in  Egypt,'  7s.  Gd.  ;   Creswicke's  '  South  Africa 
and  the  War,'  8  vols.,  half -morocco,  16s.  ;  Crowe's 

*  Elizabethan    Song    Cycles,'    6s.  ;     Carl    Engel's 
'  Music  of   the    Most  Ancient    Nations,'    7s.  Gd.  ; 
Birket    Foster's    '  Places    of     Note    in    England,' 
folio,  7s.  ;  Gibbs's  '  Men  and  Women  of  the  French 
Revolution,'    10s.   Gd.  ;    the  Buddhist  Scriptures 
in  Pali,  transliterated  into  Latin  Characters  by 
Dr.   Oldenberg,  5  vols.,  II.   10s.  ;    O'Neill-Lane's 
'  English-Irish    Dictionary,'    2s.    Gd.  ;     Violet   M. 
Pasteur's  '  Gods  and  Heroes  of  Old  Japan,'  6s.  ; 
and  the  Japanese  illustrated  history  of  the  late 
war  by  Major  Wasuke  Jikemura,  10  parts,  original 
wrappers,  Tokyo,  1904-5,  12s.  Gd. 

Messrs.  W.  Heffer  &  Sons'  Cambridge  Cata- 
logue 67  contains  the  Edition  de  Luxe  of  Matthew 
Arnold's  Works,  15  vols.,  61.  10s.  ;  Dyce's  edition 
of  Beaumont  and  Fletcher,  11  vols.,  Ql.  9s.  ;  and 
the  '  Decameron  '  in  the  "  Tudor  Translations," 
4  vols.,  21.  15s.  There  is  a  large  copy  of  the  first 
edition  of  '  The  Anatomy  of  Melancholy,'  1621, 
4to,  levant,  381.  Under  Carlyle  is  the  Centenary 
Edition,  30  vols.,  1896,  11.  10s.  (out  of  print). 
Under  Chatterton  is  the  rare  large-paper  copy  of 
the  llowley  poems  printed  by  B.  Flower  for  the 
editor,  1794,  original  boards,  uncut,  4L  15s.  In 
this  was  first  published  Coleridge's  '  Monody  on 
the  Death  of  Chatterton  '  : — 

When  faint  and  sad,  o'er  Sorrow's  desert  wild, 
Slow  journeys  onward  poor  Misfortune's  child, 
which  was  Coleridge's  first  appearance  in  print. 

Under  Coleridge  is  a  collection  of  his  works, 
Pickering  and  Moxon,  37  vols.,  original  bindings, 
81.  8s.  A  list  under  Defoe  includes  the  Oxford 
edition,  20  vols.,  III.  11s.  Under  Dickens  are 
first  and  other  editions,  including  the  Gadshill 
and  Illustrated  Library  editions.  Under  Kipling 
is  the  Edition  de  Luxe,  25  vols.,  221.  Under  Percy 
Society  is  a  complete  set,  161.  16s.  There  are  long 
lists  under  Scott,  Shakespeare,  Shakespeareana, 
and  Shelley  Society.  Stevenson  items  include 
the  Pentland  Edition,  in  half -pressed  grey  and 
blue  levant,  25Z.  Under  Swinburne  is  a  collection 
of  his  works,  first  editions  in  bindings  as  issued, 
39  vols.,  1865-1909,  '301.  Among  recent  purchases 
is  a  complete  set  to  date  of  '  Biologia  Centrali- 
Americana,'  in  parts  as  issued,  royal  4to,  1879- 
1910,  1801.  The  Catalogue  contains  over  three 
thousand  items. 

Mr.  Alexander  W.  Macphail  of  Edinburgh  does 
not  confine  his  catalogues  exclusively  to  books, 
.and  his  new  list  105  contains  portraits,  framed 
pictures,  bric-a-brac,  and  interesting  old  Scottish 
manuscripts.  Among  autographs  is  a  letter  of 
.Scott's,  Abbotsford,  July  27,  1823,  21.  12s.  Gd. 
Among  old  colour  prints  is  a  large  view  of 
Regent  Street,  1822,  Ackermann,  4Z.  4s.  There 
.are  many  portraits,  including  a  painting  in  oil  of 
Scott,  in  gold  frame,  31.  15s.  ;  and  a  contemporary 
portrait  in  oil  of  Samuel  Butler  ('  Hudibras  '), 
jn  gold  frame,  51.  5a.  Broadsides  include  the 


execution  of  the  Mannings,  also  of  Bellingham. 
There  are  books  relating  to  the  Covenanters, 
Ireland,  and  the  Jacobites.  Talfourd's  'Lamb,' 
first  edition,  Moxon,  1848,  2  vols.,  cloth,  uncut, 
is  11.  Is.;  Martin's  ' Life  of  the  Prince  Consort,' 
5  vols.,  cloth,  10s.  Gd.  (a  presentation  copy  from 
the  author  to  Prof.  Blackie)  ;  Holmes's  Queen 
Victoria,  Paris,  1897,  15s.;  and  Douglas's  'Peer- 
age of  Scotland,'  2  vols.,  folio,  half-calf,  in 
spotless  condition,  1813,  31. 

Mr.  J.  Thomson's  Edinburgh  Catalogue  con- 
tains under  Dickens  '  Master  Humphrey's  Clock,' 
3  vols.  in  2,  first  edition,  1840-41,  9s.  Gd.  ;  unler 
Byron,  Finden's  '  Illustrations,'  3  vols.,  full 
morocco  extra,  1833-4,  11.  Is.  ;  and  under  Knight, 
'  Gallery  of  Portraits,'  7  vols.,  cloth,  uncut, 
1833-7,  11.  Is.  There  is  an  item  not  often  met 
with,  Bradtkate'a  Manchester  Journal,  3  vols.  in  1, 
half-calf,  Manchester,  1841,  11.  3s.  6d.  Novels 
in  three  volumes  include  Mrs.  Oliphant'  s  '  Harry 
Joscelyn,'  1881  ;  James  Payn's  '  From  Exile*' 
1881  ;  and  Lytton's  '  Percy  Mallory.'  Lady 
Morgan,  however,  is  not  content  with  three 
volumes,  but  extends  her  national  tale,  '  The 
O'Briens  and  the  O'Flahertys,'  to  four,  1773, 
which  can  be  had  for  half-a'-crown.  There  are 
a  number  of  children's  books,  1755  to  13  15. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


PROP.  MAYOR. — The  death  at  an  advanced  age 
of  the  Professor  of  Latin  at  Cambridge,  the  Rev.' 
J.  E.  B.  Mayor,  should  not  pass  unnoticed  in  these 
columns,  for  some  of  his  varied  erudition  found 
an  outlet  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  In  the  Tenth  Series  alone 
he  wrote  on  Byron  and  misanthropy,  on  Calvin's 
'  Institutes,'  and  on  a  vicar  executed  for  witch- 
craft ;  while  he  contributed  a  series  of  important 
letters  of  Cowper. 

Dr.  Mayor's  learning  was  so  great  as  occasion- 
ally to  make  his  books  difficult  to  the  ordinary 
scholar  ;  but  every  one  could  rejoice  in  his  zeal 
for  knowledge,  the  modesty  which  he  combined 
with  great  acquirements,  and  that  resolute 
search  for  the  best  which  is  the  pride  of  true 
scholarship.  Pie  had  a  way  of  leaving  things 
unfinished,  but  all  that  he  did  may  be  regarded 
as  thorough  and  finished  ad  unguent. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries ' "—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery- 
Lane,  E.G. 

N.  CHAPLIN  (''Pelican  and  her  Young").— Many 
authorities  are  quoted  at  10  S.  ii.  267,  310,  429,  497. 

H.  S.  B.  ("  Nor  bate  a  jot  |  Of  heart  or  hope").— 
Milton,  Sonnet  XXII. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  24, 1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


501 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  .?/,,  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  52. 

NOTES :— Royal  Christmases  at  Gloucester,  601— Christmas 
Bibliography  and  Notes— Moving  Pictures  to  Cinemato- 
graphs, 502 — The  Making  of  "  Christmas  " — Lowthers  v. 
Howards,  504— Defoe  Methodist  Chapel,  Tooting—Owls 
called  "  Cherubims" — "  Keep  within  Compass" — Itinerant 
Tailors  —  The  Brown  Sex  —  New  Forms  of  Speech  — 
"Yorker,"  505  —  Disraeli  and  Macready  —  The  Three 
Wishes-Peter  Mundy— Marriage  Relationships— Knots 
in  Handkerchiefs,  606. 

QUERIES  :— Christmas  Mummers  as  Mammals  or  Birds- 
Christmas  Bough  :  Christmas  Bush — Leonard  Drory,  507 
— Lydia  White^Lady  Conyngham— T.  L.  Peacock's  Works 
— Viscount  Ossington — Royal  Exchange  Frescoes — Fores's 
Musical  Envelope  —  John  Bright's  Quotations  —  Great 
Snow  in  1614— Corn  and  Dishonesty,  508— Drinking  to 
Gargocil — Babies  and  Kittens — Westminster  Chimes — 
Lucky  Shoes— Houghton  Family— Count  of  the  Holy 
Roman  Empire — Sir  T.  Browne's  Marriage — Sir  Lyonell 
Guest— T.  Hare  of  Boston— Isaac  Jamineau— "  Siligo"— 
Alex.  Glenny,  509  —  "  Burghmote  "  —  Henningsen  and 
Kossuth,  510. 

REPLIES  :— Rev.  Sebastian  Pitfleld's  Ghost,  510— Napoleon 
and  the  Little  Red  Man— 'Young  Folks'— Taxes  on 
Crests— Why teheer,  511— Barbara  de  Bierle— Bohemians 
and  Gipsies— Grey  Family— Authors  Wanted,  512— Royal 
Arms  in  Churches,  513—"  Pips  "—Ulysses  and  Pulci,  514 
— Homer  and  Ulysses — Saint's  Cloak  on  Sunbeam — Father 
Smith  —  Monastic  Sites  and  Buried  Treasure,  515  — 
Wilkinson,  Comedian— St.  Hilda  :  St.  John  del  Pyke,  516 
— Fifield  Allen— Baron  de  Stael  in  Scotland— St.  Armand 
— "  Moving  Pictures "  in  Fleet  Street  —  D.  Camerino 
Arcangelus— English  Altar  Virgin  in  Santiago,  517— 
Women  carrying  their  Husbands  —  Ladies'  Hats  in 
Theatres,  518. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— Whitaker's  Almanack  and  Peerage 
—'An  Anthology  of  the  Age  of  Shakespeare '—' The 
National  Review.'— Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

OBITUARY  :— Albert  Hartshorne. 


ROYAL  CHRISTMASES  AT 
GLOUCESTER, 

IN  summing  up  the  character  of  William  the 
Conqueror  after  his  death  the  '  Anglo- 
Saxon  Chronicle  '  incidentally  states  that 
"  each  year  he  wore  his  crown  thrice,  as  often  as 
he  was  in  England  :  on  Easter  he  wore  it  at  Win- 
chester, on  Whitsuntide  at  Westminster,  on 
•Christmas  at  Gloucester :  and  at  these  times 
there  were  with  him  all  the  powerful  men  from 
over  all  England  :  archbishops  and  bishops, 
abbots  and  earls,  thanes  and  knights." 

Unfortunately,  only  one  instance  of  his 
keeping  Christmas  at  Gloucester  is  recorded 
in  the  '  Chronicle,'  viz.,  in  the  year  1085  ; 
but  that  was  a  memorable  occasion,  for  it 
was  then  that  "  with  his  Council  he  held  his 
•Court  there  for  five  days,"  and  "  after  a 
great  meeting  and  deep  conference  with  his 
Witan  concerning  this  land,"  its  extent,  how 
it  was  held,  and  by  whom,  both  at  that  time 
and  in  the  days  of  Edward  the  Confessor, 
he  sent  his  men  over  all  England  into  each 
shire  to  make  these  inquiries. 


The  record  of  these  is  the  famous  Domes- 
day Book.  The  "  legati  "  or  commissioners 
must  have  been  chosen  and  started  on  their 
mission  directly  after  Christmas,  if  their 
work  was  brought  to  the  King  at  Winchester 
the  following  Easter  (5  April)  ;  but  this  is 
almost  incredible. 

There  is  no  record  of  a  royal  charter 
executed  here  at  this  time  which  would 
have  furnished  us  with  the  names  of  those 
then  and  there  present. 

The  townsfolk  of  Gloucester  must  have 
been  some  months  in  preparing  for  this 
annual  visitation,  whether  the  King  came  or 
not.  When  he  did,  he  and  the  royal 
family,  with  the  household  officials  and  his 
guard,  would  be  in  residence  in  the  castle  ; 
the  great  ecclesiastics  would  be  found 
room  for  in  the  conventual  buildings  of  the 
Abbey ;  the  inns  would  be  full  of  guests, 
and  many  others  would  be  billeted  on  the 
inhabitants. 

The  Archbishop  of  York,  the  Bishop  of 
Worcester,  the  Earl  of  Chester,  and  some 
others  had  houses  in  the  town,  as  we  learn 
from  the  Survey. 

The  King  in  state  would  attend  high  mass 
on  Christmas  Day  (a  Thursday  that  year) 
in  Abbot  Serlon's  great  but  unfinished 
church  of  St.  Peter,  which  was  not,  however, 
consecrated  until  15  July,  1100. 

The  King  would  leave  Gloucester  early 
in  the  new  year  by  the  south  gate,  the 
assembled  peers  and  councillors  there 
bidding  him  "  Adieu  "  and  then  dispersing. 
He  himself  with  his  retinue  would  go  on  to 
Berkeley,  where  his  provost  Roger  would  be 
ready  to  receive  him  ;  then  on  to  the  Bishop 
of  Coutances'  castle  of  Bristol,  then  hunting 
in  Kingswood,  and  so  to  Bath  Abbey.  The 
leisurely  progress  through  the  West  was 
according  to  fixed  rules  as  to  place  and 
date,  the  King  staying  and  being  enter- 
tained for  one  night  at  various  ancient 
demesnes  of  the  Crown  during  the  next  three 
months,  apparently  journeying  through 
Somerset  and  Dorset,  until  he  was  due  at 
Winchester  in  April. 

This  was  the  Conqueror's  last  Christmas 
in  England. 

It  is  evident  that  William  Rufus,  like  his 
father,  continued  to  keep  Christmas  in  state 
at  Gloucester  as  often  as  he  could  when  in 
England.  It  is  recorded  that  he  did  so  in 
1093  and  in  1099,  which  was  the  last  cele- 
bration there. 

Henry  I.  elected  to  keep  Christmas  at 
Westminster,  and  Gloucester,  then  deserted 
for  good,  suffered  a  further  calamity,  for  the 


502 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  DEC.  24, 1910. 


town  and  abbey  were  destroyed  by  fire  on 
Friday,  6  June,  1101. 

So  the  yearly  royal  itinerary  came  to  an 
end,  and,  confined  as  it  was  within  the 
bounds  of  Wessex,  it  looks  almost  as  if  it 
had  existed  from  the  days  of  the  Heptarchy. 

In  some  respects  the  Western  Circuit  of 
the  judges  may  be  said  to  represent  this 
itinerary  even  now.  A.  S.  ELLIS. 

Westminster. 


CHRISTMAS  : 

BIBLIOGRAPHY  AND  NOTES. 
(Continued  from  10  S.  xii.  506.) 

TWENTY-FIFTH  LIST. 

1630.  Certaine  of  David's  Psalmes  intended 
for  Christmas  Carolls  fitted  to  the  most  common 
but  solempne  Tunes,  every  where  familiarly 
used.  By  William  Slatyer.  Printed  by  Robert 
Young.  8vo. 

1689.  On  Christmas  Day  the  Holy 
Communion  was  celebrated  in  St.  Patrick's 
Church,  Trim,  co.  Meath.  In  the  night  of  the 
same  day  John  Keating,  "  a  church  rap- 
paree,"  a  soldier  in  Lord  Kenmare's  regi- 
ment, entered  the  church  at  midnight, 
intending  to  plunder  the  "  altar."  On 
attempting 

"  to  break  one  of  the  folding  doors  leading  to  the 
communion  table ....  he  saw  several  glorious  and 
amazing  sights,  but  one  ugly  black  thing  gave 
him  a  great  souse  on  the  poll,  which  drove  him 
immediately  into  so  great  disorder  that  he  tore 
all  the  clothes  off  his  back  and  ran  naked  about 
the  streets." — Quoted  from  King's  '  State  of 
Ireland  '  in  Butler's  '  Notices  of  Trim,'  4th  ed., 
1861,  pp.  166-7. 

1719.  Thomas  Hearne,  '  Guilielmi  Neu- 
brigensis  Historia,'  contains  notes  on  Christ- 
mas Carols,  and  the  "  Boar's  Head,"  from  a 
copy  printed  by  W.  de  Worde,  1521,ii.  744-5. 

1734.  '  Round  About  our  Coal  Fire,  or  Christ- 
mas Entertainments,'  4th  ed.,  pp.  64. — Dr. 
Rimbault  wrote  at  2  S.  viii.  481  a  long  account 
of  this  curious  collection. 

1808.  Sir  Walter  Scott,  '  Marmion.'— The 
introduction    to    Canto    VI.,    addressed    to 
Richard  Heber,  is  a  description  of  Christmas 
festivities  and  customs,  and  the  first  seven 
notes  to  that  canto  are  illustrations  thereof. 

1809.  A  Christmas  Box  for  the  Advocates  oi 
Bull-Baiting,    particularly    addressed   to    the   in 
habitants  of  Uppingham.     12mo. 

1857.  H.  C.  Andersen.  A  Christmas  Greeting 
to  my  English  Friends.  12mo. — Dedicated  to 
Charles  Dickens. 

1874.  Joseph  Dixon.  Case  of  Poisoning  by 
Berries  of  Mistletoe.  —  In  The  British  Medical 
Journal. 

1880.  Paul  Arene.  La  Vraye  Tentation  du 
Grand  Saint  Antoine.  Contes  de  Noel.  4to. 
Paris. 


1895.  Rev.  T.  L.  Kingsbury.  Christmas  and 
Epiphany,  their  doctrinal  significance.  12mo. 

[n.d.]  Christmas  Carols.  J.  W.  Parker,  for 
the  S.P.C.K.  4to,  pp.  8. 

1909.  Robert  de  la  Sizeranne.  Le  Miroir  de- 
a  Vie,  Se>ie  2  :  L'Esthetique  des  Noels,  pp.  1-48. 

1909.  English  Christmas  Carols,  1400-1700, 
With  some  of  later  date,  including  poems  by 
Algernon  Charles  Swinburne,  Gleddington  Sy- 
monds,  Christina  Rossetti,  and  William  Morris. 
Collected  and  arranged  by  Edith  Rickert.  With 
eight  photogravure  plates. — A  long  notice  of  the- 
preceding  in  The  Times  Lit.  Snpp.,  23  Dec.,  1909. 

1909.  Carols    and    Carol    Singing. — Christma, 
Day. — Two  articles  in  The  Tiwes,  25  Dec. 

1910.  R.     L.     Gales.     Studies    in    Arcady. — 
Contains  '  The  Ox  and  the  Ass  of  the  Nativity/ 
and  '  Christmas  Beer  in  Workhouses.' 

W.  C.  B. 

Some  time  ago  I  met  with  a  pamphlet  of 
which  the  following  is  a  copy  of  the  title- 
page  :— 

An   Enquiry  |   into   the    |  Origin   of  Christmas 
Day  :  |  shewing  that  this  and  the  other  |  Festivals 
of  the  Christian  Church  |  are   continuations    of  | 
The  Heathen  Feasts  of  Antiquity.  |  together  with 
|  Remarks  on  the  |  Celebrated   Number  Three,  | 
which  has  been  made  sacred  by  |  Pagan  Super- 
stition. 

What  agreement  hath  the  Temple  of  God  with 
Idols  ?  |  Ye  cannot  drink  of  the  Cup  of  the  Lord 
and  the  Cup  of  Demons.  Paul. 

Quid  net  ?     Ab  ipsis 
Saturnalibus  hue  f  ugisti  ? 

Age,  libertate  Decembri, 
Quando    ita    majores    voluerunt,    utere :     narra- 

Hor.  Sat. 
By  Israel  Worsley. 

Plymouth  :  |  printed  and  sold,  for  the  Author,  | 
by    John    Commins.  |  Sold    also    in    London,    by 
R.  Hunter,  and  D.  Eaton.  |  1820. 

It  was  dedicated  to  the  "  Members  of  the 
Unitarian  Fund,"  and  contains  66  pages,. 
30  of  which  are  devoted  to  a  denunciation, 
of  the  observance  of  Christmas  Day,  the- 
rest  of  the  pamphlet  being  occupied  with  a. 
study  of  the  doctrine  of  the  Trinity. 

A.   J.   DAVY. 

Torquay. 

MOVING  PICTURES  TO  CINEMATO- 
GRAPHS. 

AN  account  of  the  most  important  devices 
which  have  become  prominent  in  the  world 
of  entertainment  since  the  moving- picture 
toy  was  exhibited  in  Fleet  Street  in  1709 
(see  ante,  pp.  403,  456)  may  at  this  season 
of  the  year  be  of  interest. 

At  the  outset  it  is  well  to  observe  that 
spectral  pictures,  or  reflections  of  moving 
objects,  similar  to  those  of  the  camera  or 
the  magic  lantern,  were  described  in  the 
fourteenth  and  sixteenth  centuries.  In 


ii  a.  ii.  DEC.  24, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


503 


1679  M.  Villette  had  introduced  a  large 
mirror  which  projected  images  of  objects 
in  the  air.  It  is  upon  record  that  a 
phantasmagoric  apparition  which  dated 
about  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century 
gave  the  appearance  of  life  and  motion  to 
figures  in  tapestry. 

In  1759  there  was  shown  in  the  exhibition 
of  the  Royal  Academy  of  Painting  a  magic 
picture  by  Amadeus  Vanloo.  To  the  naked 
eye  it  was  an  allegorical  picture  which 
represented  the  Virtues  with  their  attri- 
butes properly  grouped,  but  when  seen 
through  the  glass  it  exhibited  the  picture  of 
Louis  XV. 

The  most  noteworthy  invention  of  that 
year  was  the  Eidophusikon,  which  repre- 
sented natural  phenomena  by  moving 
pictures,  and  was  on  view*  in  Lisle  Street, 
Leicester  Square,  3  April,  1781.  It  was 
invented  by  De  Loutherbourg,  the  painter, 
who  was  also  termed  the  panoramist  ;  but 
the  Eidophusikon,  it  is  said,  was  not  a 
panorama. 

The  pictorial  contrivance  known  as  the 
Panorama  owed  its  origin  about  1789  to 
Robert  Barker,  who  gave  it  that  name. 


melting  into  each  other  in  a  most  pleasing  and' 
surprising  manner,  before  the  eyes  of  the  spectator."" 

On  3  June,  1842.  it  is  announced  that  there- 
"  will  be  produced  for  the  first  time  an  extra- 
ordinary novelty,  comprising  several  original 
effects,  called  Eidoprotean,  or  changeable  portraits." 
In  1845  the  Zoetrope,  or  Wheel  of  Life,, 
was  introduced.  It  consisted  of  a  cylindrical 
box,  open  at  the  top  and  revolving  on  a 
stand.  Round  its  side  were  cut  vertical  slits,, 
and  the  pictures  were  arranged  on  a  long 
strip  of  paper,  which  was  placed  round  the 
inside  of  a  cylinder,  and  inspected  through 
the  slits  as  the  machine  revolved. 

In  1848  the  Grand  Panorama  of  Paris 
by  Moonlight  was  introduced  at  the  Royal 
Colosseum,  Regent's  Park  ;  also  the  Moving 
Cyclorama  of  Lisbon.  At  this  time  Prof. 
Philipstal  brought  out  his  Phantasmagoria r 
with  startling  spectral  illusions,  at  the 
Lyceum  Theatre.  The  figures  were  made- 
rapidly  to  increase  and  decrease  in  size,  to- 
advance  and  retreat,  dissolve,  vanish,  and! 
pass  into  each  other,  in  a  manner  then 
considered  marvellous. 

In  1863  Dircks  and  Pepper  invented 
"  a  peculiar  arrangement  of  apparatus  to  associate 

This  was  first  shown  in  London  in  Leicester    on  the  same  stage  a  phantom  or  phantoms  with  a 

Square. 
Etienne 


Gaspard  Robertson  exhibited 
his  phantasmagoria  in  London  in  1802. 
These  were  ghost  illusions  performed  by 
the  aid  of  the  phantasmagoric  lantern.  The 
images  were  painted  on  glass,  but  lacked 
the  necessary  vitality.  They  were  none  the 
less  startling  beings  projected  on  smoke. 

The  magic  lantern,  which  had  for  upwards 
of  a  century  been  more  or  less  employed  as 
a  toy  or  as  a  means  to  frighten  people  with 
magic  pictures,  was  utilized  in  1811  for 
special  scenic  effects  in  the  production  of 

*   rni->v       Tj^1»TC«rk  <-*       TVi-i  4-  f*\-fm  r»v-»    *        Q  4-       -fVir*        A  f^chlitlii 


The    Flying    Dutchman 
Theatre. 


at    the    Adelphi 


The  Daguerre-Bouton  Diorama  appeared 
' 


at  Regent's  Park  in  1823. 

The    first    recorded   device    to    cause 


the 


illusion  of  motion,  and  known  as  the 
Phenakistoscope,  was  invented  by  Plateau 
of  Ghent  in  1832.  It  is  thus  described  :  — 

"A  circular  disk,  having  radial  slits  round  its 
periphery,  was  blackened  on  one  side,  while  on  the 
other  were  drawn  or  painted  the  various  phases  of 
motion  to  be  represented.  On  holding  the  disk  in 
front  of  a  mirror,  with  the  blackened  side  to  the 
eye,  and  revolving  it  on  its  axis,  a  moving  picture 
was  seen  by  looking  through  the  slits." 

A  programme  of  the  New  Strand  Theatre 
dated  22  February,  1837,  announces  that 
the  entertainment 
"  will  conclude  with  a  grand  display  of  a  beautiful 
series  of  new  Phantom  Views,  imperceptibly 


living  actor  or  actors,  so  that  the  two  may  act  irii 
concert,  but  which  is  only  an  optical  illusion  as- 
respects  the  one  or  more  phantoms  so  introduced." 

This  was  the  well-known  Pepper's  Ghost,, 
a  device  for  projecting  images  of  living 
pictures  in  the  air,  and  exhibited  at  the 
Royal  Polytechnic. 

In  1877  the  Praxinoscope,  a  variation  of 
the  Zoetrope,  in  which  the  pictures  were- 
seen  in  revolving  mirrors,  was  devised  by  C.  E. 
Reynaud.  The  above,  of  course,  were  all  non- 
photographic  applications. 

Now  come  the  most  important  apparatus 
in  the  history  of  the  synthesis  of  animated 
motion.  In  1877  E.  Muybridge,  with  an 
electrically  controlled  battery  of  cameras, 
succeeded  in  obtaining  a  succession  of 
photographs  of  moving  horses,  &c.,  which  he 
copied  on  glass  disks  and  projected  in  the 
lantern.  Later,  O.  Auschutz  adopted  the 
Zoetrope  for  the  display  of  photographs, 
naming  his  arrangement  the  Tachyscope^ 
These  pictures  succeed  each  other  so  rapidly 
that  the  retinal  image  of  one  picture  is 
retained  until  the  next  is  superimposed  upon 
it,  thereby  giving  to  the  observer  the  sense 
of  a  continuous  image  in  constant  motion. 

The  Edison  Kinetograph,  as  first  pro- 
posed, consisted  of  a  combination  of  a 
photographic  camera  and  the  phonograph, 
by  which  the  words  of  a  speech  or  play  were 
to  be  recorded  simultaneously  with  photo- 


504 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  n.  DEC.  24, 1910. 


graphic  impressions  of  all  the  movements 
of  the  speakers  or  action.  Something  of  this 
kind  is  to  be  seen  in  London  to-day.  In 
1893  Mr.  Edison  reduced  animated  photo- 
graphy to  a  commercial  success  by  pro- 
ducing the  Kinetoscope.  About  the  same 
time  M.  Demeny  patented  his  Chronophoto- 
graph,  at  first  called  the  Biograph,  a  name 
.afterwards  withdrawn. 

In  189.5  Messrs.  Lumiere  of  Paris  gave  the 
first  demonstration  of  their  now  well-known 
•Cinematograph,  and  in  1890  Mr.  Paul 
patented  his  Animatograph,  at  first  known 
as  the  Theatrograph.  These  may  be  called 
the  pioneers  of  animated  photography. 
Both  were  first  shown  in  London  in  Leicester 
Square,  where  De  Loutherbourg  over  a 
hundred  years  before  had  exhibited  his 
moving  pictures.  TOM  JONES. 

[Much  information  about  the  Colosseum  and 
Panoramas  in  London  will  be  found  at  10  8.  ii.  48f>, 
329 ;  iii.  52,  116,  189,  255,  437,  496;  iv.  365.] 


THE  MAKING  OF  "  CHRISTMAS." — This  was 
A  matter  which  depended  a  great  deal  upon 
the  full  of  the  moon.  When  she  waxed 
to  her  best  in  the  latter  or  the  earlier  days 
of  November  or  December,  it  was  best 
with  the  good  folk  in  Derbyshire,  and  1 
believe  that  there  was  more  wear  and  tear  for 
*  Old  Moore '  just  before  those  days  of 
the  year  than  in  all  the  rest  of  the  months. 
For  it  was  most  important  to  know  all  about 
the  moon's  phases,  or,  as  some  would  have 
it,  "  faces,  "on  account  of  the  "  pig-stickin' ." 
<the  time  for  which  had  to  be  arranged 
between,  the  moon  and  the  "  pig-sticker." 
If  this  could  not  be  done  before  the  moon 
"went  wanin',"  it  boded  ill  for  all  that  a 
•cottager  could  get  out  of  the  pig  which  had 
been  tended  during  six  months.  There  was 
:all  the  difference  between  killing  on  a  waxing 
•or  a  waning  moon.  If  by  chance  the 
"killing  had  to  be  done  on  the  wane,  there 
was  much  anxiety  following,  with  extra  care 
in  making  the  pies,  mixing  the  "  minsh  " 
meat,  rendering  the  seam  leaves,  and  salting 
.down  the  hams  and  sides.  Special  care  had 
to  be  exercised  in  all  these  operations,  and 
there  must  be  no  rule  broken  in  the  disposal 
of  the  "fry,"  or  the  portions  would  not 
take  the  salt,  the  crusts  would  be  hard,  and 
the  minsh  would  turn  sour.  The  salting 
down  was  always  a  ticklish  job,  but  if  done 
on  the  moon's  wane,  care  in  the  process  was 
more  than  doubled.  More  salt  and  more 
sugar  had  to  be  rubbed  in  by  the  hand,  and 
the  hams  and  sides  turned  twice  as  often. 
In  less  than  a  fortnight  after  putting  them 


on  the  slabs  of  stone  or  in  the  wooden  shallow 
trough,  the  hams  and  sides  had  to  be  "nosed  " 
for  signs  of  decay  ;  and  if  there  was  a  sus^ 
picion  of  this,  a  thin  wooden  "  skure  "  w?\s 
carefully  thrust  in  near  the  bone,  and  if  it 
came  out  clean  and  sweet,  this  was  a  certain 
test  that  all  was  going  well.  One  can 
easily  imagine  the  why  and  wherefore  of 
all  this  care,  for  bacon  which  shrank  whilst 
boiling  was  a  most  serious  matter ;  and 
it  was  even  more  important  with  the  hams, 
which  lost  in  size,  firmness,  and  quality 
if  cured  on  the  moon's  wane.  It  was  an 
evil  day  if  an  ill  smell  came  out  with  the 
testing  "  skure,"  and  there  were  those  who 
under  such  conditions  spoke  about  "  pigs 
bewitched." 

But  if  all  was  well,  there  were  good  and 
merry  doings  over  the  making  of  pig-cheer, 
and  all  the  household  had  "  a  finger  in  the 
pie  "  in  the  course  of  the  making — a  good 
honest  week's  work.  If  there  was  something 
to  be  stirred  in  the  pot,  then  every  one  took 
a  turn.  But  in  the  making  of  the  puddings 
there  was  more  stirring  than  in  any  other 
of  the  many  mixings.  In  some  families  each 
member  had  to  add  a  portion  of  the  ingre- 
dients, and  all  had  to  stir  to  make  it  mix 
well.  If  there  was  a  baby,  its  hand  was 
guided  in  the  stirring.  Where  there  were 
several  lasses,  grown  or  growing  up,  each 
hardly  less  clever  than  the  mother,  the 
pride  taken  in  making  the  Christmas  was 
beyond  telling.  If  the  early  conditions 
were  favourable,  there  was  no  idea  of 
failure  in  either  crusts  or  contents  of  the 
pies,  no  matter  what  their  makings  were. 
The  delight  which  came  from  a  well-spread 
supper  table  on  a  Christmas  Eve  was  only 
beaten  by  the  spreading  of  the  board  at 
the  Christmas  Day  dinner,  for  it  was  as 
likely  as  not  that  from  "  the  black  baw  " 
onward  to  the  beer  everything  was  home- 
made— a  something  which  now  could  not  be 
said  of  "  the  making  of  Christmas." 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 
Worksop. 

LOWTHERS  v.  HOWARDS  :  A  SUPERSTI- 
TION UPSET. — The  origins  of  popular  sayings 
are  so  frequently  discussed  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 
that  I  feel  it  would  be  unkind  to  contem- 
porary mankind,  and  to  posterity,  not  to 
preserve  the  following  cutting  from  '1  he 
Morning  Post  of  9  December  : — 

"  Mr.  Claude  Lowther's  victory  in  North  Cumber- 
land over  the  Hon.  Geoffrey  Howard,  son  of  the 
Earl  of  Carlisle  and  Parliamentary  Secretary  to 
the  Prime  Minister,  has  demolished  a  superstition 
of  the  Northern  Counties  of  a  century  and  a  half's 
standing.  Members  of  the  great  territorial 


ii  B.  11.  DEC.  24,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


505 


families  of  Lowther  and  Howard  have  met  from  | 
time  to  time  in  political  rivalry,  but  the  latter  have 
always  proved  victorious.  This  has  given  rise  to 
the  saying,  'A  Lowther  cannot  beat  a  Howard.' 
This  has  been  much  quoted  in  the  election.  Mr. 
Lowther  was  defeated  in  two  previous  elections  by 
the  opponent  over  whom  he  is  now  victorious." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

DEFOE  METHODIST  CHAPEL,  TOOTING. — 
Tiie  following  extract  from  The  Daily 
Chronicle  of  9  December  is,  I  think,  worthy 
of  preservation  in  the  columns  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 

"  The  sale  has  just  been  completed  of  the  Defoe 
Primitive  Methodist  Chapel,  Tooting.  The  build- 
ing, which  has  been  used  as  a  place  of  worship  for 
about  200  years,  was  founded  by  the  author  of 
'  Robinson  Crusoe.'  At  the  rear  of  the  chapel  is  a 
small  burying-ground,  where,  it  is  believed,  the 
remains  of  Defoe  were  interred.'* 

It  will  be  interesting  to  watch  the  fate  of 
this  old  chapel  and  burying-ground. 

FREDERICK  T.  HIBGAME. 

OWLS  CALLED  "  CHERTJBIMS." — Many 
years  ago  there  were  a  considerable  number 
of  owls  about  the  place  where  my  early 
boyhood  was  spent.  They  went  by  various 
names.  There  was  the  barn  owl,  the  wood 
owl,  and  the  church  owl — the  last  so  called, 
I  suppose,  because  it  nested  in  the  church 
steeple,  high  above  the  bells.  The  young 
ones  were  called  "  padg  owlets  "  and  also 
"  cherubims,"  the  latter  perhaps  because 
of  their  round  babyish  faces.  They  were 
looked  upon  with  some  awe  and  reverence, 
and  on  no  account  were  they  to  be  molested. 
THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

"  KEEP  WITHIN  COMPASS,"  TAVERN  SIGN. 
— I  lately  noticed,  a  little  way  down  the 
High  Street,  Uxbridge,  on  the  right  going 
from  London,  a  lettered  sign  "  Keep  within 
Compass,"  which  was  new  to  me  in  the 
above  connexion,  though  I  have  seen  it  as  a 
motto  on  earthenware,  also  on  a  print. 

W.  B.  H. 

ITINERANT  TAILORS. — I  should  like  to 
include  among  the  changes  in  country  life 
which  I  have  chronicled  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  (see 
10  S.  x.  207  ;  11  S.  i.  216)  the  stopping  of 
the  itinerant  tailor.  Late  one  Saturday 
evening,  40  years  ago,  waiting  for  the  last 
train  to  Hull,  at  a  country  station  in 
Holderness,  I  met  a  quaint  little  old  man, 
quite  a  4i  character,"  who  told  me  he  had 
succeeded  his  father  in  that  occupation, 
and  believed  himself  to  be  the  last  survivor 
of  that  trade  in  those  parts.  Such  men  went 
from  farm  to  farm,  generally  in  the  winter, 
and  made  up  suits  of  clothes  for  the  house- 


hold from  cloth  bought  by  the  farmer.     They 
worked  in  the  farm-house,  and  were  boarded 
and    lodged  there.     Corresponding  women- 
workers  still  exist.  W.   C.   B. 
[See  also  "  Whipping  the  Cat,"  9  S.  x.  205,  298.] 

THE  BROWN  SEX. — The  following  passage 
occurs  in  Richard  Ford's  *  Gatherings  from 
Spain,'  chap.  vii.  p.  86  (Dent's  "  Every- 
man's Library  "  edition)  : — 

"  Asses'  milk  leche  de  burra,  is  in  much  request 
during  the  spring  season.  The  brown  sex  drink  it 
in  order  to  fine  their  complexions  and  cool  their 
blood,  refrescar  la  sangre  ;  the  clergy  and  men  in 
office,  los  empleados,  to  whom  it  is  mother's  milk, 
swallow  it  in  order  that  it  may  give  tone  to  their 
gastric  juices." 

Evidently  the  "  brown  sex "  is  the 
female  sex.  The  '  N.E.D.'  does  not  give 
this  usage  under  "  brown,"  but  has  the 
following  quotation  from  M.  G.  Lewis : 
"  The  fair  sex  elsewhere  are  called  the  '  Brown 
Girls '  in  Jamaica."  According  to  Grant 
Allen's  story  '  In  All  Shades,'  the  word 
"  brown "  is  used  in  the  West  Indies  to 
denote  an  admixture  of  negro  blood.  Not 
having  Lewis's  journal  at  hand,  I  am  unable 
to  say  whether  the  author  was  speaking  of  the 
sex  in  general,  or  referring  to  natives  of 
other  than  pure  European  descent. 

JOHN  T.  KEMP. 

NEW  FORMS  OF  SPEECH. — It  may  be 
worth  a  note  that,  within  a  few  years,  "  I  'm 
sorry  "  has  supplanted  "  I  beg  your  pardon." 
Instead  of  thanking  one  for  a  slight  favour, 
people  now  "  thank  you  very  much."  And 
a  waiter,  both  in  taking  your  order  and  in 
placing  a  dish  before  you,  says  "  Thank  you." 

These  changes  in  common  speech  cannot  be 
called    improvements.     As    yet    they    are 
probably  confined  to  the  larger  cities,  where 
they  are  prevalent,  or  at  least  frequent. 
RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W.C. 

"  YORKER." — A  "  yorker  "  is  a  well- 
known  term  for  a  peculiarly  fatal  kind  of 
ball  delivered  by  a  bowler  at  cricket.  "  He 
was  bowled  with  a  yorker." 

As  york  must  here  be  a  verb,  it  can  hardly 
have  reference  to  a  certain  famous  city, 
I  think  "  yorker  "  is  merely  a  variant  of  the 
prov.  E.  yarker,  from  the  verb  to  yark, 
explained  in  the  *  E.D.D.'  as  "  to  throw  with 
a  jerk,  to  cast  violently."  Yark  is  another 
form  of  Shakespeare's  yerk,  the  Norse 
equivalent  of  the  Normanized  jerk.  So  it 
simply  means  "  a  jerker." 

WALTER  W.   SKEAT. 
[See  also  9  S.  viii.  284,  370.] 


506 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  DEO.  24, 1910. 


DISRAELI.  AND  MACREADY. — There  are 
two  references  in  Macready's  '  Reminis- 
cences '  (Macmillan  &  Co..  1875)  which  I 
think  deserve  a  note  because  Disraeli's  name 
does  not  appear  in  the  index  to  the  book. 
The  first  is  : — 

"  16  June,  1839. — Went  with  Catherine  [his 
wife]  to  Horace  Twiss's  to  dinner.  Met  there 
.Sir  George  Grey,  T.  Hope,  Pemberton,  Herries, 
B.  Disraeli,  Miss  Herries,  Mrs.  Blackburn,  Mrs. 
Wyndham  Lewis,  Bonham-Carter,  &c.  Disraeli 
made  acquaintance  with  me,  and  told  me  a  good 
fitory  of  Hume." 

What  was  this  story  ? 

The  second  is  : — 

"  2  July,  1845. — To  the  Twisses,  where  I 
dined  and  met  Bingham-Baring,  Sir  W.  and  Lady 
Molesworth,  Pemberton  Leigh,  Lady  Morgan, 
Lord  Strangford,  Lord  Granville  Somerset,  and 
Baron  Alderson.  In  the  evening  I  saw  the  Misses 
Herries,  Mrs.  J.  Delane,  Mrs.  Kitchener,  the 
Chisholm,  &c.,  Mrs.  Abel,  the  Miss  Balcombe  of 
St.  Helena,  when  Napoleon  was  there  ;  Sir  E. 
JBulwer  Lytton,  Disraeli,  &c." 

H.  S. 

THE  THREE  WISHES. — In  Hone's  '  Every- 
day Book'  (i.  447,  6  April,  1838)  there  is  a 
story  said  to  be  taken  from  the  '  Moral  and 
Religious  Journey  to  Bethlem '  by  Father 
Attanasy  of  Dilling,  published  in  The 
Salisbury  Gazette  of  8  January,  1818.  It 
would  be  interesting  to  know  the  origin  of 
this  story,  which  is  probably  ancient  and 
widespread.  It  tells  how  the  Lord  came 
on  earth  with  St.  Peter,  how  they  were 
hospitably  entertained  by  a  blacksmith, 
and  how  the  host,  having  been  given  three 
wishes  as  a  reward,  used  them  so  as  to  be 
able  to  cheat  death  as  long  as  he  pleased, 
and  finally  to  go  to  heaven.  This  story 
is  common  in  Proven9al  ;  sometimes  the 
entertainer  is  a  smith,  sometimes  a  carpen- 
ter, and  it  takes  several  forms.  Some  of 
Roumanille's  best  stories  are  founded  on  it, 
as  good  as  that  of  the  Cure  de  Cucugnan, 
so  well  known  from  Alphonse  Daudet's 
translation  into  French.  I  may  say  that 
stories  of  this  kind  are  not  considered  at  all 
irreverent  in  Provence,  and  the  clergy  there 
laugh  at  them  as  heartily  as  any  of  their 
flock.  Roumanille  himself  was  a  staunch 
Catholic.  EDWARD  NICHOLSON. 

Paris. 

PETER  MUNDY. — The  first  volume  of  the 
entertaining  travels  of  Mundy  was  published 
by  the  Hakluyt  Society  in  1907.  Little  is 
known  about  him,  and  the  following  notes 
by  John  Aubrey,  though  very  indefinite  in 
strictness  of  statement,  are  therefore  of 
some  value.  They  are  printed  in  the  new 
edition  (ii.  90)  of  his  '  Brief  Lives '  which 


came  out  under  the  supervision  of  the  Rev. 
Andrew  Clark  in  1898.  They  were  not 
included  in  the  old  issue  of  the  lives,  that  of 
1813,  and  are  not  referred  to  in  the  intro- 
duction to  the  volume  of  the  Hakluyt 
Society. 

"Mr Munday,  a  merchant,  was  a  great 

traveller,  and  travelled  from  Archangel  to  the 
East  Indies  by  land.  He  .  wrote  '  Memoires  ' 
of  all  his  journeys,  a  large  folio,  wherein  he  had 
draughts  of  their  cities,  habits,  customs,  etc. 

"  He  had  a  great  collection  of  natural  rarities, 
coynes,  prints,  etc. 

';  Mr.  Baker  [printseller  by  the  Royal  Exchange] 
knew  him. 

"  He  died  at  Penrhyn  [sic]  in  Cornwall  about 
20  yeares  since.  Quaere  for  them." 

W.  P.  COURTNEY. 

MARRIAGE  RELATIONSHIPS.  —  Japanese 
writings  afford  the  following  instances  allied 
to  the  cases  mentioned  by  MR.  SNOWDEN 
WARD  at  10  S.  xii.  315  as  alleged  in  certain 
villages  in  England  to-day  : — 

"  Minamoto  no  Yoshitsune,  the  famous  com- 
mander, in  his  secret  passage  through  Yoshiiio 
[A.I>.  1185],  found  two  boys  playing  together  and 
calling  each  other  '  uncle.'  Instantly  he  com- 
prehended their  relationships,  but  his  servant- 
Benkei  [for  whom  see  10  S.  x.  453]  was  only 
able  to  understand  them  after  a  night's  cogitation. 
Suppose  a  man  and  his  wife  have  a  son  and  a 
daughter,  and  suppose  he  begets  a  son  by  his 
daughter,  and  his  wife  bears  another  son  by  her 
legitimate  son  :  then  each  of  those  illegitimate 
sons  is  the  other's  uncle." — 'Chiritsuka  Mono- 
gatari,'  written  in  1552,  torn.  vi.  p.  109,  ed.  1001. 

Saikwaku's  '  Honcho  Ooinhiji,'  published 
1689,  torn.  i.  chap,  iii.,  narrates  how  two 
persons  engaged  in  a  lawsuit  called  one 
another  "  uncle,"  and  how  the  judge  stopped 
the  dispute  by  threatening  to  publish  their 
pedigrees  unless  they  settled  the  affair 
privately.  The  truth  was  that  an  old  man 
had  a  son  by  an  incestuous  union  with  his 
granddaughter,  and  this  son  and  his  mother's 
brother  were  the  parties  in  question — so 
they  called  one  another  "  uncle." 

KUMAGUSTJ   MlNAKATA. 
Tanabe,  Kii,  Japan. 

KNOTS  IN  HANDKERCHIEFS  :  INDIAN 
CUSTOM.  —  I  do  not  know  whether  the 
popular  practice  of  tying  a  knot  in  the 
pockethandkerchief,  as  a  reminder,  has  ever 
engaged  the  attention  of  the  folk-lorist. 
doubt  however,  in  any  case,  whether  the 
following  instance  of  the  prevalence  of  the 
custom  in  ancient  India  has  been  brought 
before  his  notice  ;  and  the  coincidence  of 
its  occurrence  in  two  such  widely  separated 
parts  of  the  globe  seems  of  some  interest. 

In  the  Sanskrit  drama  '  Priyadar£ika,' 
by  the  poet  (Jriharsha  (usually  ascribed  to 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  24,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


507 


the  seventh  century  A.D.),  in  the  third  act 
the  following  stage  direction  appears  :  "Pra- 
vre,ya  paJakshepena  saharsham  vastrante 
grathitam  badhnati,"  i.e.  "  (the  King,)  enter- 
ing with  a  toss  of  the  curtain,  joyfully  makes 
&  knot  in  the  corner  of  his  robe."  The 
native  scholiast  explains  this  as  follows : 
"  Vastrante  granthibandhanam  chikirshita- 
syavacyakartavyatva  -  samsmaranadinimit- 
tam  kriyate  iti  laukiki  ritih "  ("it  was 
a  popular  custom  to  tie  a  knot  in  the  corner 
of  the  robe,  in  order  to  remind  one  to  do 
something  that  one  particularly  wished  to 
do  "). 

The  passage  in  question  will  be  found  on 
p.  55  of  the  edition  published  at  Crirangam 
in  1906.  W.  J.  P. 


(gmrns. 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


CHRISTMAS  MUMMERS  AS  MAMMALS  OR 
BIRDS. — Can  the  correspondents  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
give  me  information  concerning  mummers  at 
Christmas,  or  other  festivals,  who  repre- 
sented, or  partly  represented,  cattle,  sheep, 
deer,  other  mammals,  or  birds  ?  For 
instance,  was  the  rough  old  woman  of  the 
Christmas  mummeries  ever  provided  with  a 
long  tail  ?  Was  she  ever  a  bird  ? 

In  the  introduction  to  the  second  edition 
of  the  '  Village  Minstrel,'  by  John  Clare,  the 
Northamptonshire  peasant-poet,  a  "  Sheet- 
clad  Crane  "  is  thus  described  : — 

"  A  man  holds  in  his  hand  a  long  stick,  with 
another  tied  at  the  top  in  the  form  of  an  L  re- 
versed, which  represents  the  long  neck  and  beak  of 
the  crane.  This,  with  himself,  is  entirely  covered 
with  a  large  sheet .  He  mostly  makes  excellent 
sport,  as  he  puts  the  whole  company  to  the  rout, 
picking  out  the  young  girls,  and  pecking  at  the 
bald  heads  of  the  old  men  ;  nor  stands  he  upon 
the  least  ceremony  in  this  character,  but  takes 
the  liberty  to  break  the  master's  pipe,  and  spill 
his  beer,  as  freely  as  those  of  his  men.  It  is 
generally  a  private  caution  with  one  of  the  actors 
in  this  tragi-comedy,  to  come  into  the  room 
before  the  crane's  approach,  with  an  excuse  to 
want  several  of  the  candles  for  alleged  uses,  till 
there  are  but  few  left,  that  the  lights  may  be  the 
more  readily  extinguished;  which  he  genera  I  ly 
contrives  to  put  out  on  his  departure,  leaving  all 
in  darkness  and  the  utmost  confusion.  This 
mostly  begins  the  night's  diversions,  as  the 
prologue  to  the  rest ;  while  the  '  booted  hogs  ' 
wind  up  the  entertainment,  and  finish  the  play 
.of  the  harvest-supper  night." 


It  is  possible  that  the  "  Lame  Jane " 
of  Christmas  revelries  may  have  some 
relation  with  the  crane.  See  '  County 
Folk-Lore,'  vol.  v.,  Lincolnshire,  1908.  Her 
ditty  sometimes  begins  : — 

In  comes  Jane  with  a  long-legged  crane, 

Creeping  over  the  meadow  ; 
Once  I  was  a  blooming  maid, 

But  now  a  down  owd  widow. 

The  reference  to  a  crane  has  never  been 
explained.  Did  the  bird  formerly  accom- 
pany the  old  woman  with  the  besom,  or  did 
one  actor  ever  combine  the  two  characters  ? 

I  am  aware  of  what  Mr.  Percy  Maylam 
says  in  his  'Hooden  Horse'  concerning 
mummers  appearing  with  the  head  of  a  bull 
or  ox.  B.  L.  R.  C. 

[Christmas  mummers  are  discussed  at  10  S.  v. 
109,  155,  195.] 

CHRISTMAS  BOUGH  :  CHRISTMAS  BUSH.— 
In  what  counties  of  Great  Britain  is  the 
Christmas  bough  or  Christmas  bush  known  ? 
What  local  names  has  it  ?  and  is  it  mentioned 
in  general  literature,  or  in  parish  accounts 
of  any  kind  ? 

The  Christmas  tree  was  introduced  from 
Germany  in  the  earlier  half  of  the  nineteenth 
century  ;  the  Christmas  bough  seems  to  be 
our  native  insular  form  of  the  same  thing. 

The  boughs  which  I  saw  between  forty 
and  fifty  years  ago  hung  from  a  nail  ham- 
mered into  one  of  the  rafters  of  an  old  white- 
washed kitchen.  Their  shape  varied  some- 
what year  by  year,  but  they  all  consisted 
of  a  framework  of  hoops,  or  flexible  rods, 
trimmed  with  evergreens,  preferably  branches 
of  box,  which  had  nuts  fastened  on  them. 
Oranges,  red-cheeked  apples,  and  diminutive 
dolls  were  among  the  decorations  of  the  bush. 

ANOHOLME. 

[A  Christmas  bush  is  described  at  10  S.  iv.  502.] 

LEONARD  DRORY,  an  engineer,  was  a 
member  of  the  Angel  Lodge  at  Colchester 
(admitted  23  September,  1800),  and  was 
Master  in  the  years  1803,  1804,  1805,  1807, 
and  1808.  In  1809  or  later  he  came  to 
London.  The  register  of  St.  Paul's  Church, 
Covent  Garden,  records  his  death  on 
30  April,  1815.  His  widow  was  buried 
in  the  church  of  St.  Mary,  Lambeth,  on 
4  January,  1837,  and  the  burial  is  registered 
as  Hannah  Drury.  Further  information 
about  the  career,  birth,  parentage,  &c., 
of  Leonard  Drory  is  wanted. 

DR.  A.  VON  WILKE. 

Berlin,  Wilmersdorf,  Kaiserallee  192. 


508 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       in  s.  n.  DEC.  24, 1910. 


LYDIA  WHITE. — Can  any  reader  tell  me 
where  I  shall  find  the  best  account  of  this 
lady,  who  was  a  well-known  Bluestocking 
during  the  first  quarter  of  the  last  century  ? 
The  name  is  constantly  cropping  up  in 
memoirs  of  that  period  ;  but  I  should  like 
to  know  something  about  her  parentage, 
when  she  died,  if  she  ever  married,  &c. 
In  one  book  it  was  stated  that  she  was 
writing  a  work  on  the  battle  of  Waterloo  ; 
was  that  ever  published  ?  I  can  find  no 
trace  of  it.  Is  there  a  portrait  of  her  ? 
and  who  are  her  representatives  to-day  ? 

JOHN  LANE. 

[There  is  an  excellent  article  on  Lydia  White  in 
Mr.  W.  P.  Courtney's  '  Eight  Friends  of  the  Great,' 
published  this  year.] 

LADY  CONYNGHAM. — Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  Joseph  Denison,  Esq.,  was  wife  of  the 
first  Marquess.  Where  can  I  find  the  best 
account  of  her  and  of  her  peculations  after 
the  death  of  George  IV.  ?  Can  any  reader 
give  me  the  reference  to  a  crystal  ewer  sold 
a  few  years  ago,  I  believe  at  Christie's, 
which  was  part  of  the  spoil  ?  The  fellow  of 
it  is  still  at  Windsor.  Is  there  a  portrait  of 
her  known  ?  JOHN  LANE. 

The  Bodley  Head/^W. 

T.  L.  PEACOCK'S  WOBKS. — Can  any  of  the 
readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  give  me  a  bibliographical 
description  of  the  following  scarce  works  of 
Thomas  Love  Peacock  ? 

1.  'The  Round  Table;  or,  King  Arthur's  Feast.'— 

It  was  published  by  John  Arliss,  Juvenile 
Library,  9,  Old  Change,  St.  Paul's  Church- 
yard, about  1820.  See  4  S.  xii.  207. 

2.  '  Melincourt.'— The  French  version  of  1818. 

3.  '  Headlong  Hall.'— The  second  edition,  1816. 

4.  'Nightmare  Abbey.'— An  American  edition,  1819. 

5.  '  Maid    Marian.'  —  In  French  by  Louis  Barre, 

Brussels,  1855. 

6.  'Maid    Marian   and    Crotchet    Castle.'— Ward 

&  Lock,  1856. 

Although  I  have  proof  of  the  existence  of 
all  these  books,  I  have  not  been  able  to 
come  at  a  copy  of  any  of  them.  Please 
reply  direct.  GAEL  VAN  DOREN. 

&3,  Guilford  Street,  Russell  Square,  W.C. 

VISCOUNT  OSSINGTON. — I  shall  be  pleased 
if  any  of  your  readers  can  inform  me  where 
a  photograph  can  be  obtained  of  the  late 
Viscount  Ossington,  Speaker  of  the  House 
of  Commons  1857-73.  I  have  searched  for 
a  copy,  but  so  far  in  vain. 

THOMAS  H.  MILLER. 

Bath  and  County  Club,  Bath. 


ROYAL  EXCHANGE  FRESCOES. — Is  any 
sketch-index  or  guide  published  of  the 
paintings  which  now  form  quite  an  attrac- 
tive gallery  round  the  ambulatory  of  the 
Royal  Exchange  ?  If  so,  where  is  the  same 
procurable  ?  Beyond  the  bare  announce- 
ment of  subject,  painter,  and  donor,  the 
several  pictures  exhibit  nothing  to  instruct 
the  student.  Upon  those  walls  are  depicted 
many  notable  personages,  whose  identifica- 
tion must  be  often  difficult  to  the  average 
visitor.  CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenseum  Club. 

FORES' s  MUSICAL  ENVELOPE. — I  find  in  a 
foreign  dealer's  catalogue  the  following 
item  : — 

'Fores's  Musical  Envelope  No.  2,  London, 
published  by  Messrs.  Fores.  R.  Jobbins  lith." 

In  the  upper  part  of  the  envelope  there  is, 
we  are  informed,  a  lady  singing  to  the 
accompaniment  of  a  full  orchestra  ;  while 
in  the  lower  portion  are  depicted,  on  the  left 
a  pianist  (Francis  Liszt)  playing  to  an 
audience,  and  on  the  right  a  male  singer, 
accompanying  himself  on  the  piano.  The 
date  assigned  is  circa  1840.  Is  anything 
known  about  these  "  musical  envelopes  "  ? 

L.  L.  K. 

JOHN  BRIGHT' s  QUOTATIONS. — I  should 
be  glad  to  know  the  authors  of  the  following 
lines  quoted  by  John  Bright  in  his  speeches  : 

1.  The  fathers  of  New  England,  who  unbound, 
In  wild  Columbia,  Europe's  double  chain. 

2.  Unholy  is  the  voice 
Of  loud  thanksgiving  over  slaughtered  men. 

3.  Fortune  came  smiling  to  his  youth  and  woo'd  it, 
And  purpled  greatness  met  his  ripened  years. 

4.  The  Scipios'  tomb  contains  no  ashes  now. 

JOHN  PATCHING. 
Sunnycroft,  Lewes. 

GREAT  SNOW  IN  1614. — In  the  parish 
records  of  Alstonfield,  Staffordshire,  I  found 
the  following  : — 

"  1014,  January  20.  The  great  snow  began 
to  fall,  and  so  increasing  the  most  dayes  until 
the  12th  March." 

It  would  be  interesting  to  know  more  of  this 
unusual  occurrence.  W.  H.  S. 

CORN  AND  DISHONESTY  :  AN  HONEST 
MILLER. — How  is  it  that  there  has  been, 
apparently  from  time  immemorial,  a  very 
general  belief  that  every  one  dealing  with 
corn,  other  than  the  grower,  was  dishonest  ? 
No  other  trade — the  grocer,  butcher,  or 
dairyman,  for  example — possesses  this  ill- 
favour  to  so  great  an  extent. 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  24, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


509 


The  popular  view  was  brought  to  my 
mind  recently  when  I  was  recording  the 
inscriptions  in  Great  Gaddesden  Church- 
yard, where,  Cussans  stated,  on  the  north  side 
was  a  wooden  rail  inscribed  : — 

"  In  memory  of  Mr.  Thomas  Cook,  late  of  Noak 
Mill  in  this  parish,  who  departed  this  life  Dec.  8th, 
1830,  aged  77  years.  He  was  a  good  husband  and 
tender  father,  and  an  honest  man,  although  a 
miller." 

I  was  unable  to  discover  this  memorial, 
and  fear  that,  during  the  thirty  years  or  so 
which  have  elapsed  since  Cussans  wrote  his 
*  History  of  Hertfordshire,'  it  has  become 
decayed  and  been  removed. 

W.  B.  GEBISH. 

Bishop's  Stortford. 

DRINKING  TO  GARGOCIL.— -Can  any'of  your 
readers  kindly  tell  me  the  meaning  of  the 
words  "  he  merrily  drank  to  Gargocil,"  in  a 
paragraph  implying  censure  upon  an  eccle- 
siastic ?  J.  K.  F. 

BABIES  AND  KITTENS. — Several  babies 
in  this  locality  have  recently  been  "  nash  " 
(i.e.,  in  indifferent  health).  In  every  instance 
the  household  has  included  a  kitten,  and 
the  mothers  of  the  babies  have  unanimously 
decided  that  the  kittens  must  be  destroyed, 
as  a  kitten  and  a  baby  in  the  same  house 
cannot  both  thrive.  Is  this  a  common 
superstition  ?  P.  JENNINGS. 

St.  Day,  West  Cornwall. 

WESTMINSTER  CHIMES. — I  have  heard 
that  the  Westminster  chimes  are  an  old 
hymn  tune  set  to  an  Anglo-Saxon  hymn, 
the  words  of  which  are  something  as  follows 

Lord,  in  this  house 

Be  Thou  our  Guide, 

That  we  may  neither 

Slip  nor  slide. 

Can  any  one  verify  this,   or  point  to  the 
source  of  the  hymn  ? 

LAWRENCE  PHILLIPS. 

Theological  College,  Lichh'eld. 

LUCKY  SHOES. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  the  origin  or  explanation  of  luck 
being  considered  an  attribute  of  old  shoes — 
particularly  horseshoes  ?  A.  B.  C. 

[Allusions  in  literature  to  throwing  old  shoes  will 
be  found  at  8  8.  ii.  508 ;  10  S.  ii.  87.  Horseshoes  and 
luck  were  extensively  discussed  at  10  S.  ii.  445 ;  iii. 
9,90,214,314;  viii.  210.] 

HOUGHTON  FAMILY. — Richard  Houghton 
of  Middleton,  Lanes,  married  Anne,  daughter 
of  Thomas  Blackburne  (d.  1664)  of  Newton 
and  Orford,  Lanes.  From  these  were  de- 
scended a  succession  of  Richard  Houghtons 


who  were  successful  merchants  in  Liverpool. 

1  wish  to   ascertain  the   parentage   of   the 
first-mentioned  Richard,  and  shall  be  glad 
of     assistance.     Anne     Houghton     married 
secondly  John  Barker  of  Latchford. 

R.  STEWART  BROWN. 
34,  Castle  Street,' Liverpool. 

COUNT  OF  THE  HOLY  ROMAN  EMPIRE. — I 
am  anxious  to  know  what  constitutes  a 
Count  of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire  to-day. 

H6BISTAL. 

SIR  THOMAS  BROWNE,  M.D.,  married  in 
1641  Dorothy,  "  daughter  of  Edward  Mile- 
ham,  Esq.,  of  Burlingham,  Norfolk."  Where 
did  this  marriage  take  place  ? 

SIGMA  TAU. 

SIR  LYONELL  GUEST  was  knighted  at 
Leixlip  by  Sir  George  Carey,  Lord  Deputy 
of  Ireland,  5  May,  1604.  He  was  educated 
at  Westminster  School  and  Christ  Church, 
Oxford,  where  he  graduated  B. A.  30  January, 
1581/2.  I  should  be  glad  to  obtain  further 
particulars  of  his  career  and  the  date  of  his 
death.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

THOMAS  HARE,  son  of  Thomas  Hare  of 
Boston,  America,  was  educated  at  West- 
minster School  and  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, where  he  was  admitted  as  pensioner 

2  June,  1743,  aged  19.     Can  any  American 
correspondent  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  give  me  further 
information  about  him  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

ISAAC  JAMINEAU  (d.  1789)  is  said  to  have 
been  appointed  H.B.M.  Consul  at  Naples 
2  July,  1753,  and  to  have  subsequently  held 
some  position  in  the  General  Post  Office. 
I  should  be  glad  to  obtain  further  informa- 
tion about  him.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

"  SILIGO  "  :  "  SPRIG'  "  :  "  BECKAB  "  : 
"  DRAGET." — In  a  fourteenth-century  MS. 
survey  of  a  manor  I  find  the  words  "  siligo," 
"sprig',"  "beckab,"  and  "  draget."  The 
last  comes,  I  think,  from  dragium,  a  coarse 
kind  of  corn.  From  the  context  the  others 
appear  to  relate  to  corn,  hay,  or  seeds.  I 
shall  be  glad  of  help  in  identifying  them. 
FREDERIC  TURNER. 

Esmond,  Egham. 

ALEXANDER  GLENN  Y. — Any  additional 
information  respecting  this  individual  would 
be  thankfully  received.  He  was  born  1726, 
presumably  in  Scotland,  and  was  buried  1782 
at  Barking,  Essex.  Perhaps  his  well-known 
namesake  there  may  be  able  to  help. 

A.  RHODES. 


510 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [ii  s.  IL  DEC.  24, 1910. 


"  BUBGHMOTE,"  1743. — In  The  London 
Gazette  for  6-10  March,  1743-4,  is  given  an 
"  humble  Address  of  the  Mayor,  Aldermen, 
Sheriff,  and  Common  Council  of  the  City  of 
Canterbury  in  Burghmote  assembled,"  pre- 
sented to  George  II.  at  St.  James's.  Are 
there  any  other  cities  or  boroughs  which 
retained  this  form  to  so  late  a  date  ? 

ALFRED  F.  BOBBINS. 

CHARLES  FREDERICK  HENNINGSEN  AND 
KOSSUTH. — Is  anything  known  about  the 
former  beyond  what  can  be  gathered  from  the 
title-pages,  &c.,  of  his  own  books  and 
pamphlets  ?  On  one  of  these  (published 
in  London  and  also  at  Cincinnati,  1852)  he 
describes  himself  as  Secretary  to  Governor 
Louis  Kossuth.  L.  L.  K. 


REV.  SEBASTIAN  PITFIELD'S  GHOST. 
(11  S.  ii.  367.) 

SEBASTIAN  PITFIELD  was  Rector  of  Warbling- 
ton,  Hants,  from  1677  to  1686.  He  was 
probably  the  Sebastian  Pitfield,  minister  of 
Winefrith,  co.  Dorset,  who  received  11.  10s. 
for  increase  of  maintenance  to  January,  1659, 
from  the  Treasurer  to  the  Trustees  for 
Ministers'  Maintenance,  under  the  Common- 
wealth. 

In  the  Appendix  to  the  '  Hundred  of 
Bosmere,'  privately  printed  by  the  Rev. 
Wm.  Bingley  in  1817,  there  is  an  account  of 
the  ghost  story.  It  is  in  the  form  of  a 
letter  from  Mr.  J.  Caswell,  "the  mathe- 
matician," to  Dr.  Bentley,  enclosing  a 
narrative  which,  Mr.  Caswell  says,  he  "  wrote 
down  from  the  author's  mouth."  The 
author  was  the  curate  of  Warblington,  and 
the  apparition  represented  "  Mr.  P.,"  a 
former  incumbent,  who  was  a  man  of  very 
ill  report,  "  supposed  to  have  got  children 
of  his  maid,  and  to  have  murthered  them. 
The  apparition  was  first  seen  by  a  maid  at 
the  Rectory  in  August,  1695  ;  and  a  few 
days  later  by  the  curate  and  others.  The 
narrative  states  : — 

"  The  apparition  seemed  to  have  a  morning  gown 
of  a  darkish  colour,  no  hat,  nor  cap,  short  black 
hair,  a  thin  meagre  visage  of  a  pale  swarthy  colour, 
seemed  to  be  about  forty-five  or  fifty  years  old  ;  of 
a  middle  stature." 

The  curate 

"related  this  description  to  Mr.  John  Lardner, 
Rector  of  Havant,  and  to  Major  Battin,  of  Lang- 
stone,  in  Havant  parish;  they  both  said  the 


description  agreed  very  well  to  Mr.  P.,  a  former 
rector  of  the  place,  who  has  been  dead  above 
twenty  years." 

Mr.  Bingley's  '  Hundred  of  Bosmere ' 
*ives  a  list  of  the  rectors  of  Warblington, 
but  there  is  no  mention  of  the  rector,  or 
rectors,  who  held  the  living  from  the 
ejection  of  the  Rev.  John  Harrison  in  1662 
bo  the  presentation  of  the  living  to  Mr. 
Pitfield  in  1677.  Against  the  name  of  the 
latter  there  is  a  note  as  follows  : — 

'  This  is  the  rector  alluded  to  in  the  ghost  story 
told  in  the  Observer,  No.  71  (vide  Appendix),  aria 
stigmatised  with  unjust  severity  as  a  libertine  and 
a  murderer  :  but  from  the  best  information  that  can 
now  be  obtained,  he  appears  to  have  been  a  respect- 
able character,  wore  his  gown,  and  often  amused 
himself  inoffensively ;  he  discharged  the  duties  of 
his  office  with  great  regularity,  and  presided  at  the 
vestry  meetings  of  ithe  parish,  as  is  shown  by  his 
signature  in  the  old  vestry  book  ;  from  whence  it  is 
to  be  inferred  that  he  was  equally  attentive  to  the 
other  part  of  his  duties ;  nothing  is  shown  to  the 
contrary,  and  in  charity,  let  us  believe  him  to  have 
been  irreproachable  in  other  respects.  The  tale 
rests  on  the  authority  of  Mr.  Wilkins,  the  curate, 
who  seems  to  have  been  as  much  a  gossip  as  any 
Aubrey  of  the  age.  The  situation  of  the  house 
favoring  the  practice  of  smuggling,  then  very 
prevalent,  and  for  which  purpose  it  is  known  to 
nave  been  used  in  the  absence  of  the  former  rectors, 
some  nefarious  smugglers  might  have  given  rise  to 
story,  the  better  to  conceal  their  traffic. 

It  is  worthy  of  note,  however,  that  Mr. 
Pitfield' s  name  does  not  appear  either  in 
Mr.  Caswell's  letter  to  Dr.  Bentley,  or  in  the 
curate's  narrative.  The  apparition  was  seen 
in  1695,  and  was  said  to  resemble  "  Mr. 
P.,  a  former  rector  who  had  been  dead 
above  twenty  years."  It  seems,  therefore, 
more  likely  to  have  been  the  ghost  of  one 
of  Mr.  Pitfield's  predecessors. 

ALFKED  T.  EVEBITT. 

Portsmouth. 

The  tale  of  the  Warblington  ghost  is  a 
classic  among  ghost  stories  on  account  of 
its  gruesome  eerieness.  It  is  told  by  Ingram 
in  '  Haunted  Homes  of  Great  Britain,'  First 
Series,  London,  W.  H.  Allen,  1884,  pp.  256- 
262,  and  also  in  a  small  volume  of  the 
"  Cottage  Library  Series,"  issued  by  Milner 
&  Sowerby,  1854,  entitled  'News  from  the 
Invisible  World.'  The  accounts  are  sub- 
stantially the  same,  being  copied  from  a 
letter  by  Caswell  the  mathematician  to 
Dr.  Bentley,  written  in  1697.  W.  S.  S 

According    to    Foster's    '  Alumni    Oxoii.,' 
Sebastian  Pitfield  was  Rector  of  Warbling- 
ton,  Hants,    1671-86.     One   Alexander   . 
field    is    mentioned    by    Ray,       Creation, 
7th  ed.,  1717,  p.  338.  W.  C.  B. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  24,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


511 


NAPOLEON  AND  THE  LITTLE  RED  MAN 
(11  S.  ii.  447).  —The  story  of  the  Red  Man 
•was  evidently  current  in  Paris  at  the  time 
of  Napoleon's  downfall.  In  a  section 
headed  '  Bonaparte  and  his  Familiar,'  con- 
tained in  '  News  from  the  Invisible  World,' 
pp.  353-6  (one  of  Milner  &  Sowerby's 
publications,  reissued  in  London,  1854),  an 
anonymous  correspondent,  writing  from 
Paris,  names  1  January,  1814,  as  the  date 
when  the  mysterious  visitant  appeared.  The 
account  is  given  with  much  circumstantiality 
of  detail,  but  differs  materially  from  Cyrus 
Redding' s  version.  Instead  of  being  a  person 
of  small  stature,  the  familiar  was  a  tall  man 
of  imposing  appearance,  dressed  all  in  red. 
Count  Mole,  in  attendance  on  Napoleon, 
with  orders  to  admit  n»  person  to  his 
presence,  was  quite  overawed  by  the 
mysterious  stranger.  He  listened  trembling 
at  the  door,  and  heard  all  that  passed. '  The 
familiar,  it  seems,  was  not  an  embodiment 
of  the  enemy  of  mankind,  but  rather  the 
"  genius "  who  presided  over  Napoleon's 
destiny.  He  ordered  a  certain  course  of 
action  to  be  taken,  and  allowed  three  months 
for  it  to  be  carried  into  effect.  Napoleon 
apparently  refused  to  comply.  They  parted 
in  anger,  and  in  three  months  the  Emperor 
was  a  captive  in  Elba.  "  Even  the  French 
papers,  when  Bonaparte  was  deposed,  re- 
curred to  this  fact,  and  remarked  that  his 
mysterious  visitant's  prophetic  threat  had 
been  accomplished."  On  three  different 
occasions  the  Red  Man  appeared  to  the 
Emperor :  in  Egypt,  after  the  battle  of 
Wagram,  and  in  January,  1814. 

In  the  process  of  transmission  through  the 
crucible  of  fervent  loyalist  imagination  the 
story  seems  to  have  been  altered  or  mutilated, 
and  the  familiar  not  only  dwindled  in  size,  but 
also  decreased  in  moral  respectability. 

W.  SCOTT. 


The  legend  is  mentioned  in  Charles 
Lever's  *  Tom  Burke  of  Ours,'  where  this 
mysterious  figure  is  represented  as  having 
visited  the  future  Emperor  in  his  camp  on 
Mount  Tabor.  "  L'homme  rouge "  com- 
plains of  Napoleon's  ubiquity,  and  begs  to 
be  told  of  some  spot  of  earth  where  they 
will  never  meet.  Napoleon  in  derision 
points  out  upon  the  map  the  island  of 
St.  Helena,  and  promises  the  Red  Man  that 
he  will  never  disturb  him  there.  "  At  least," 
he  says,  "if  I  do,  thou  shalt  be  the  Master 
and  I  the  slave."  The  whole  story  is  to  be 
found  on  p.  237  of  the  second  volume  of 
•'  Tom  Burke,'  Downey's  edition  of  1901. 


There  has  recently  been  published  a  book 
called  '  The  Court  of  the  Tuileries,  1852-70,' 
by  "  Le  Petit  Homme  Rouge." 

WATSON  SURR. 

['  The  Court  of  the  Tuileries '  is  known  to  be  by 
Mr.  Ernest  Vizetelly.l 

'  YOUNG  FOLKS,'  1870-76  (11  S.  ii.  450).— 
This  excellent  weekly  paper  has  been  dead 
a  number  of  years.  Its  death  was  regretted 
by  many  others  than  young  folks,  and  I  find 
that  now  and  then  there  are  inquiries  for  it. 
Whilst  R.  L.  Stevenson's  *  Treasure  Island  ' 
was  running  in  it,  the  chapters  always  began 
on  the  front  page,  headed  by  capital  illustra- 
tions, none  of  which,  I  think,  were  reproduced 
when  it  came  out  in  book-form.  If  I  remem- 
ber rightly,  Stevenson  wrote  other  stories 
for  Young  Folks,  which  was  altogether  a 
greatly  superior  publication  to  the  majority 
of  those  which  are  now  published.  The 
name  Young  Folks  was,  I  believe,  changed 
by  Henderson  into  something  else  before  the 
paper  was  finally  dropped.  I  had  a  bound 
volume  of  the  issue  which  contained 
'  Treasure  Island,'  but  do  not  know  where  it 
is  now.  Besides  Stevenson's  tale,  some 
good  "  giant  "  stories  came  out  in  it  serially. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 
Worksop. 

TAXES  ON  CRESTS  (11  S.  ii.  410).— The 
Act  32  and  33  Victoria,  section  19,  defines 
armorial  bearings  as  signifying  and  in- 
cluding "  any  armorial  bearing,  crest,  or 
ensign,  by  whatever  name  the  same  shall  be 
called,  and  whether  such  armorial  bearing, 
crest,  or  ensign  shall  be  registered  in  the 
College  of  Arms  or  not." 

If  I  understood  it  rightly,  a  recent 
judgment  in  the  Courts  excluded  the  use  of  a 
mere  crest,  on  note-paper  at  any  rate,  from 
the  operation  of  the  tax.  I  know  maiden 
ladies  who  yearly  pay  for  the  privilege  of 
using  a  crest,  though  properly  a  crest  belongs 
to  the  males  only  of  their  family.  Some 
authoritative  pronouncement  upon  the  whole 
question  would  seem  to  be  desirable. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

WHYTEHEER  OR  WHYTEBEER  (11  S.  ii. 
228,  318,  378). — It  is  distinctly  stated  in 
Chap.  VI.  of  '  Adam  Bede  '  that  the  men 
were  busy  at  the  Hall  Farm  "  mending  the 
harness,  under  the  superintendence  of  Mr. 
Goby  the  *  Whittaw,'  otherwise  saddler." 
I  have  many  times  heard  this  word  used  to 
denote  the  village  saddler  both  in  Northamp- 
tonshire and  Warwickshire.  When  resident 
in  the  former  county,  I  frequently  heard  my 
maternal  grandfather  (ob.  1895,  cet.  92) 


512 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  DEC.  24, 1910. 


speak    of    the    saddler    as    the    "  whittaw.' 
Sternberg    ("Northamptonshire     Glossary' 
spells  it  thus,  giving  "  whitall  "  as  a  variant 
but  Miss  Balser  ('  Northamptonshire  Word 
and    Phrases ' }    records    the    more    correc 
spelling — "  whitawer."     Miller  ('  Glossary  o 
Warwickshire  Dialect')  gives   "  Whittaw,  a 
saddler  or  collar  maker,"  and  the  following 
illustrative    sentence :     "  We    always    use 
to  comb  out  the  wool  for  the  collars  when 
the  whittaw  came  to  do  the  mending." 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

GAMNECOUBT  IN  PICABDY  :  BARBARA  DE 
BIEBLE  (11  S.  ii.  429). — I   am  aware  of  the 
popular     accounts     which     represent      the 
Scottish  Reformer,  John  Erskine  of  Dun,  a 
having     married     (1)     Elizabeth      Lindsay 
daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Crawford,  and  (2 
Barbara  de  Bierle,  a  lady  in  attendance  on 
Queen  Mary  of   Guise.     Will  W.   C.    J.  o: 
some    other    correspondent   kindly   indicate 
the  authority  for  these  marriages,  particularly 
the  second  ?    Is  it  not  probable  that  Barbara 
de  Bierle  was  married  to  some  Erskine  other 
than    him    of    Dun  ?     Popular    writers    on 
Erskine  of  Dun,  and  even  Church  historians 
acquainted    with    the    period   in   which    h 
lived,    are    extremely   reticent   in   speaking 
of  his  domestic  life.     The  obscurity  in  which 
it  is  involved  produces  the  impression  that 
guesswork  may  have  had  not  a  little  to  do 
with    his    alleged    matrimonial    connexions 
At  all  events,  if  the  two  marriages  mentioned 
above  are  accepted,  a  third  must  be  added 
to   them.     His   death   took   place   in    1592. 
By  his  will  he  left  to  "  his  weilbelovit  spous 
Margaret  Kaith "    (?  Keith)   the  guardian- 
ship of  a  son  and  daughter  who  were  then 
minors.  SCOTUS. 

BOHEMIANS  AND  GIPSIES  (11  S.  ii.  306, 
418). — The  simple  facts  in  regard  to  these 
appellations  are  as  follows.  The  original 
gipsies,  who  appeared  in  Europe  during  the 
fifteenth  century,  are  known  to  have  come 
from  the  western  parts  of  India,  their  lan- 
guage, the  Romany,  being  mainly  derived 
from  Hindustani.  On  account  of  their 
ethnological  peculiarities  they  were  thought 
by  the  inhabitants  of  Western  Europe  to 
have  come  from  Egypt,  and  were  therefore 
called  Gipsies  (Egyptians)  ;  while  others 
dubbed  them  "  Bohemians "  on  account 
of  their  wandering  habits,  the  people  of 
Bohemia,  the  Hussites,  and  the  Slavs 
generally  having  at  that  time  this  distin- 
guishing characteristic. 


In  the  early  part  of  the  nineteenth  century . 
the  term  "  bohemian "  was  employed  by 
certain  French  writers,  notably  Theophile 
Gautier,  Arsene  Houssaye,  and  Gerard 
de  Nerval,  to  typify  the  struggling,  improvi- 
dent, often  immoral  and  vagabond  tribe  of 
authors  and  adventurers  who  had  their 
rendezvous  in  the  Latin  Quarter  of  Paris. 
The  sketch  of  their  hapless  lives  given  by 
De  Nerval  in  his  *  Boheme  galante '  was 
completed  by  Henri  Murger  in  his  '  Vie 
de  Boheme,'  the  novel  from  which  the 
libretto  of  Puccini's  celebrated  opera  was 
taken.  The  term  was  introduced  into 
England  by  Thackeray  in  1848. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

GBEY  FAMILY  (11  S.  i.  469  ;  ii.  14,  376).— 
The  most  accessible  authority  for  my  state- 
ment, that  the  Greys  of  Werke  held  property 
in  Aldersgate  Street  is  John  Ogilby's  map 
of  the  City  of  London,  1677.  A  facsimile  of 
this  splendid  map  was  published  by  the 
London  and  Middlesex  Archaeological  Society 
in  1895  by  Mr.  Charles  Welch,  formerly 
Librarian  of  the  Guildhall  Library  ;  and  if 
MB.  McMuBBAY  will  refer  to  plate  7,  he  will 
find  towards  the  top  right-hand  corner  a 
property  lying  between  Charterhouse  Yard 
and  Aldersgate  Street  marked  "A  14.  Lord 
Grays"  (sic,  but  it  should  be  Grey).  The 
front  of  the  mansion  was  in  Charterhouse 
Yard,  and  the  back  premises  were  in 
Aldersgate  Street. 

If  MB.  McMuBBAY  will  communicate  with 
me  at  the  address  given  below,  I  can  supply 
him  with  further  private  information. 

E.  A.  FBY. 
227,  Strand 

AUTHOBS  OP  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (11  S. 
ii.  408). — The  saying  "  Qui  nescit  dissimu- 
iare,  nescit  regnare,"  about  which  P.  C.  G. 
asks,  is  found  in  more  than  one  form,  and 
las  been  connected  with  various  names. 
Cn  King's  '  Classical  and  Foreign  Quotations,' 
No.  2304,  "  Qui  ne  sait  dissimuler,  ne  sait 
regner  "  is  stated  to  be  a  maxim  of  Louis 
XL,  the  authority  given  being  Roche  et 
Chasles,  '  Hist,  de  France,'  Paris,  1847, 
vol.  ii.  p.  30.  Philip  Camerarius,  in  his 
Hone  subcisivae  sive  meditationes  Historicse,* 
Dent.  I.  cap.  66,  refers  to  Vincentius  Lupanus, 
De  Magistrat.  Franc.,'  lib.  i.,  for  the  state- 
ment that  the  same  king  forbade  his  son 
Charles  to  learn  any  Latin  "  prseter  unum 
llud  Qui  nescit  dissimulare  nescit  regnare." 
Camerarius  adds :  "  malo  et  a  pessimo 
rincipe  petito  forte  exemplo.  Nam  Tiberius 
lullam  seque  ex  virtutibus  suis  quam 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  24,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


513 


dissimulationem  diligebat,  ut  refert  Corn- 
Tacitus "  (see  'Annals,'  iv.  71).  On  the 
other  hand,  Lipsius,  '  Politica  sive  Civilis 
Doctrina,'  lib.  iv.  cap.  14,  quotes  "  Nescit 
regnare,  qui  nescit  dissimulate,"  as  the 
saying  of  "  veteranus  Imperator,"  the 
marginal  note  being  "  Fridericus  siue  Sigis- 
mundus.  Nam  variant."  (The  Latin  words 
popularly  associated  with  the  last  emperor's 
lips  are  "Ego  sum  Rex  Romanus  et  supra 
grammaticam " ).  Conrad  Lycosthenes  in 
his  *  Apophthegmata,'  under  '  De  simula- 
tione  &  dissimulatione,'  has  "  Sigismundus 
Csesar  dixisse  memoratur,  ignarum  esse 
regnandi,  qui  simulare  nesciret,"  and  refers 
to  ^Eneas  Sylvius,  '  Comment,  in  Res  Gest. 
Alphonsi,'  lib.  i.  With  regard  to  Lipsius's 
mention  of  "  Fridericus,"  it  *iiay  be  noted 
that  Lycosthenes  (loc.  cit.}  and  Camerarius, 
'  Hor.  Subc.,'  Cent.  II.  cap.  48,  both  record 
a  saying  of  the  Emperor  Frederick  III. 
touching  simulatio  and  dissimulatio,  but  it  is 
one  condemning  these  arts. 

Another  form  of  the  maxim  is  to  be  found 
in  Burton,  '  Anat.  of  Melancholy,'  Partition  I. 
sect.  ii.  mem.  iii.  subs,  xv.,  where  he  speaks 
of  people  who  "  have  so  much  Latin  as  that 
Emperor  had,  qui  nescit  dissimulare,  nescit 
vivere"  A.  R.  Shilleto's  note  is  "  A 
favourite  maxim  with  the  Emperor  Frederic 
Barbarossa,"  but  no  reference  for  this  is 
given.  This  last  form  is  quoted  as  a  popular 
proverb  by  Palingenius,  '  Zodiacus  Vita?,' 
lib.  iv.  684, 

Vivere  nescit, 
Ut  bene  vulgus  ait,  qui  nescit  dissimulare. 

EDWAKD  BENSLY. 

In  "  Symbola  Heroica,  autore  Nicolao 
Reusnero,  editio  decima,  Londini,  1664" 
(dedication  dated  1587),  Symbolum  xxi., 
p.  468,  "  Qui  nescit  dissimulare,  nescit  im- 
perare,"  is  given  as  a  saying  of  the  Emperor 
Frederick  I. 

Reference  j's  made   to   Thucydides,    /ca»poJ 

v\€veiv  TOVS  SoKovvTas  ap^iv.  I  have 
failed  in  my  search  for  the  passage.  Reference 
is  also  made  to  Tacitus.  The  quotation 
(freely  given)  should  be  "  Nullam  seque 
Tiberius,  ut  rebatur,  ex  virtutibus  suis, 
quam  dissimulationem  diligebat  "  ('  Annal.,' 
iv.  71). 

The  proverb  as  given  in  the  query  appears 
in  '  Proverbs  chiefly  taken  from  the 
Adagia  of  Erasmus,'  by  Robert  Bland,  1814, 
vol.  ii.  p.  150.  It  may  be  in  the  '  Adagia 
Erasmi,'  but  I  have  not  succeeded  in  my 
search  for  it.  Bland  says  that  the  proverb 
is  reputed  to  have  been  frequently  in  the 
mouth  of  King  James  I.  He  adds  :— 


"  Lord  Verulam  says,  '  Dissimulation  is  but  a 
faint  kind  of  policy  or  wisdom,  for  it  asketh  a 
strong  wit,  and  a  strong  heart,  to  know  when  to 
tell  the  truth,  and  to  do  it.  Therefore  it  is  the 
weaker  sort  of  politics  that  are  the  great  dis- 
semblers.'" 

According  to  Bland,  the  Italian  form  is 
"  Chi  noil  sa  fingere,  non  sa  vivere."  Accord- 
ing to  Henry  G.  Bonn's  '  Polyglot  of  Foreign 
Proverbs,'  1877,  p.  84,  it  is  "  Chi  non  sa 
dissimulare,  non  sa  regnare." 

The  former  of  these  is  the  same  as  the 
Latin  "Qui nescit  dissimulare  nescit  vivere" 
(see  Hugh  Moore's  '  Dictionary  of  Quota- 
tions,' 1831).  The  last  is  the  version  given 
in  Riley's  '  Dictionary  of  Latin  and  Greek 
Quotations,'  1880,  where  it  is  said  to  have 
been  a  favourite  maxim  of  the  Emperor 
Frederic  I.  (Barbarossa),  Louis  XI.  of 
France,  and  Philip  II.  of  Spain. 

ROBERT  PIEBPOINT. 

[W.  C.  B.,  MR.  R.  L.  MOKETON,  and  W.  S.  S.  also 
thanked  for  replies.] 

ROYAL  ARMS  IN  CHURCHES  (11  S.  ii.  428). — 
In  St.  Michael's  Church,  Coventry,  the 
steeple  of  which  Wren  considered  a  master- 
piece, might  be  seen  some  seventy  years 
ago  the  arms  of  Queen  Elizabeth  ;  and  the 
churchwardens'  accounts  render  descrip- 
tions of  the  arms  of  James  L,  Charles  I., 
of  the  Commonwealth,  and  of  Charles  II. 
in  the  same  church.  Trinity  Church, 
Coventry,  also  had  formerly — perhaps  has 
still — paintings,  &c.,  of  the  same  period, 
commemorating  James  I.,  Queen  Anne,  &c. 

On  the  left  side  of  the  arch  of  the  south 
porch  of  Gloucester  Cathedral,  a  shield 
restored  bore  the  ancient  arms  of  England, 
quartered  with  fleurs-de-lis  and  lions.  This 
shield  sustained  an  innovation  by  trans- 
posing the  lions  into  the  first  and  fourth 
quarters,  and  the  fleurs-de-lis  into  the  second 
and  third  quarters.  Brady  in  his  *  Clavis 
Calendaria '  says  that  when  Edward  III. 
quartered  his  arms  with  those  of  France,  he 
placed  the  latter  in  the  second  and  third 
quarters,  as  arms  of  alliance,  to  denote  his 
maternal  descent  from  Isabel,  the  daughter 
and  heir  of  Philip  IV.  of  France  ;  but  when, 
in  the  fourteenth  year  of  his  reign,  he  was 
encouraged  to  claim  that  Kingdom,  be  placed 
the  lilies  in  the  first  quarter.  MR.  McGovERN 
gives  Edward  II.  as  the  earliest  instance  of 
such  royal  arms  (in  the  East  Window  of 
Bristol  Cathedral)  ;  but  these  must  have 
been  before  the  conquest  of  France  by  his 
successor,  and  did  not,  of  course,  relate  to  the 
shield  of  Edward  III. 

The  arms  of  Queen  Mary  occur  on  the 
front  of  the  organ  gallery  at  Waltham  Abbey. 


5U 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  DEC.  «,  1910. 


Also  the  arms  of  her  royal  sister  Elizabeth 
are,  or  were,  to  be  seen  in  the  churches  of 
St.  Martin  and  of  St.  Thomas  in  Salisbury, 
framed  on  panel. 

The  royal  arms  in  Kintbury  Church, 
Berkshire,  bear  the  date  and  initials  C.  R. 
1683.  Those  in  Bucklebury  Church,  which, 
like  Kintbury,  is  in  the  deanery  of  Newbury, 
were  taken  from  the  church — for  what 
reason  it  is  not  stated — and  were  found 
later  in  the  timber-yard  of  the  Bucklebury 
estate.  They  have  since  been  restored 
to  their  present  position  over  the  south  door, 
inside.  J.  HOLD  EN  MACMICHAEL. 

Most  of  the  points  inquired  about  on  this 
subject  are  answered  with  more  or  less 
fullness  at  one  or  other  of  the  references  cited 
in  the  editorial  note.  It  may  perhaps  be 
pointed  out  in  addition  that  *  The  Custom  of 
setting  up  the  Royal  Arms  in  Churches' 
forms  the  subject  of  a  paper  contained  in 
the  Transactions  of  the  Essex  Archaeological 
Society,  vol.  v.  (new  series).  SCOTUS. 

The  lion  and  the  unicorn,  carved  in  stone, 
are  to  be  seen  over  the  chancel  arch  of 
Wimbledon  parish  church. 

J.  R.  THOKNE. 

"Pips"  ON  CARDS  AND  DICE  (11  S.  ii.  465). 
— PROF.  SKEAT  gives  arguments  to  show 
that  pip,  earlier  peep,  in  this  sense,  may  be 
the  same  as  pip  (of  an  apple).  The  '  N.E.D.' 
rejects  this  etymology,  the  latter  word 
appearing  only  in  the  eighteenth  century, 
while  "  peep,  spot  on  a  card,  &c.,"  occurs 
c.  1600.  The  early  examples  show  that 
"  pip  "  is  equivalent  to  "  point,"  e.g., 
"  He's  but  one  peep  above  a  serving  man  " 
(1620)  and  the  common  phrase  "a  peep 
out"  ('Taming  of  the  Shrew,'  I.  ii.).  The 
'  N.E.D.'  also  quotes  "  a  peep  higher."  I 
have  even  heard  an  offer  to  "  give  a  few 
pips  "  in  a  billiard-room. 

A  solution  of  the  etymology  may  be 
found  by  comparing  the  equivalents  used 
in  other  languages.  In  German  and  Dutch 
these  spots  are  called  "  eyes,"  in  the  Romance 
languages  "  points."  I  can  give  fairly  early 
authority  for  these,  viz.,  Du.,  "  ooghe,  op 
den  teerlinck,  punctus,  punctum  "  (Kilian, 
1620),  "  de  oogen  van  een  dobbelsteen,  the 
points  at  dice  "  (Sewel,  1727)  ;  Ger., 
"  Augen  auf  den  Karten,  points  at  cards ; 
Augen  auf  den  Wiirffeln,  points  at  dice  " 
(Ludwig,  1716)  ;  It.,  "  punto,  a  point  or 
prick  upon  the  dice,  a  point  or  spot  upon  the 
cards"  (Torriano,  1659);  Fr.,  " point,  peep t 


at  cards"   (Miege,  1687);   Sp.   ,"  punto,  the 
ace  at  cards  or  dice  "  (Stevens,  1706). 

The  use  of  "  eye  "  in  this  sense  in  Ger. 
and  Du.  suggests  that  this  peep  belongs 
to  the  verb  peep.  It  is  curious  that  "  peep 
of  day  "  is  in  Fr.  "  point  (or  pointe)  du  jour," 
formerly  simply  point  (v.  Cotgrave,  s.v. 
poinct),  and  in  early  Sp.  "  punta  del  dia  " 
(Oudin,  1660),  while  Fr.  poindre  means, 
among  other  things,  "to  peepe,  or  peer  out 
(as  a  morning  sunne  over  the  top  of  a  hill)  " 
(Cotgrave).  Finally,  the  Fr.  verb  "  piper, 
to  whistle,  or  chirpe,  like  a  bird,  &c." 
(Cotgrave),  with  which  PROF.  SKEAT  ('  Notes 
on  English  Etymology,'  pp.  210-11)  in- 
geniously connects  our  verb  "  to  peep,"  is 
also  associated  with  cards  and  dice,  e.g., 
"  cartes  pipees,  dez  pipez,  false  cards,  or 
dice"  (Cotgrave).  Boyer  (1702)  for  "to 
peep  "  has  also  the  spelling  "  to  pip." 

ERNEST  WEEKLEY. 

Some  persons  suffer  from  "  pips  "  on  the 
face,  hands,  and  arms.  There  are  "  pips  " 
on  chestnuts,  also  "pips"  on  wild  rose 
bushes  and  hawthorns.  Cowslips  gathered 
have  their  "  pips  "  or  "  peeps  "  pulled  for 
wine -making  or  for  making  "  cowslip  pip 
pudding  " — a  dish  which  now  and  again  is 
still  spoken  of.  As  children  we  pulled 
in  spring  the  buds  from  the  hedges,  calling 
them  "pips";  and  our  baby  playfellows 
were  "  little  pips."  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

ULYSSES  AS  AN  ATLANTIC  VOYAGER  AND 
PULCI  (11  S.  ii.  407). — With  reference  to 
P.  C.  G.'s  inquiry  in  Pulci's  '  Morgante 
Maggiore,'  cant.  xiv.  st.  69,  there  is  a  mention 
of  Ulysses.  Luciana  had  embroidered  a 
pavilion,  and  Rinaldo  saw  among  other 
scones  this  : — 

e  vedevasi  Ulisse 

Come  piu  la  che  i  segni  d'  Ercol  gisse. 

There  may,  however,  be  other  passages  in 
which  Pulci  mentioned  Ulysses. 

C.  FOLIGNO. 

Gary     quotes     from     Pulci's     '  Morgante 

Maggiore,'  canto  xxv.  (11.   1039-40)  :— 
E  soprattutto  commendava  Ulisse, 
Che  per  veder  nell'  altro  mondo  gisse, 

and  refers  to  Tasso,  '  Gerusalemme  Liberata,' 

canto  xv.  stanza  25. 

One  might  also  compare  canto  xiv.  11.  550-- 

551  of  the  '  Morgante  Maggiore' : — 
Vedeasi  Teti,  et  vedevasi  Ulisse 
Come  piii  la  che  i  segni  d'  Ercol  gisse, 

Cf.  xxv.  1033  :— 

Poi  vide  i  segni  che  Ercol  gia  pose. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  24,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


515 


The  passage  asked  for  by  P.  C.  G.  is  from 
Pulci's  '  Morgante  Maggiorc,'  xxv.  229-30. 
W.  CLARK  THOMLINSON. 

The  legend  of  the  Earthly  or  Terrestrial 
Paradise  receives  full  and  interesting  treat- 
ment in  Mr.  Baring-Gould's  '  Curious  Myths 
of  the  Middle  Ages,'  in  the  chapter  headed 
*  The  Fortunate  Isles.'  W.  S.  S. 

HOMER  AND  ULYSSES  :  ALLEGORICAL 
INTERPRETATION  (US.  ii.  407). — I  do  not 
recall  any  allegory  expressly  based  on  the 
incident  related  in  the  '  Odyssey.'  The 
moral  deduced,  however — "  that  the  sins  of 
the  wicked  dog  their  steps  and  cry  aloud 
against  them  " — has  often  been  den  It  with  in 
literature.  With  regard  to  general  references, 
•one  remembers  the  words  of  Shakespeare  : — 

Suspicion  always  haunts  the  guilty  mind  ; 

The  thief  doth  fear  each  bush  an  officer ; 

or  the  somewhat  similar  passage  in  Rowe  : — 
Guilt  is  the  source  of  sorrow,  'tis  the  fiend— 
Th'  avenging  fiend— that  follows  us  behind 
With  whips  and  stings. 

As  far  as  allegory  is  concerned,  might  not 
Coleridge's  '  Ancient  Mariner,'  or  Hood's 
'  Dream  of  Eugene  Aram,'  or  Lord  Lytton's 
novel  of  the  same  name,  be  regarded  as 
developments  of  the  idea  contained  in 
Homer  ?  W.  S.  S. 

SAINT'S  CLOAK  HANGING  ON  A  SUNBEAM 
<11  S.  ii.  309,  357,  438).— Among  Raphael 
Sadeler's  beautiful  engravings  to  illustrate 
Rader's  '  Bavaria  Sancta '  (Munich,  1615) 
is  one  of  St.  Lucan,  Bishop  of  Brixen,  uhich 
shows  his  cloak  hanging  on  a  sunbeam,  with 
these  lines  in  explanation  : — 

Expassam  vacuo  suspendit  in  aere  vestem, 
Prsesul  et  a  puro  sole  pependit  onus. 
Pro  cervis  madidam  radii  subiere  lacernam, 
Atlantes  Phoebi  sustinuere  togam. 

Four  more  lines  tell  of  the  Pope's  wonder 
when  he  saw  this  prodigy,  and  how  he  found 
in  it  a  proof  that  a  constellation  greater 
than  the  sun  had  come  to  Rome. 

The  life  of  this  saint  is  not  included  in 
Baring-Gould's  collection.  C.  DEEDES 

Cln'chester. 

FATHER  SMITH,  THE  ORGAN  BUILDER 
11  S.  ii.  189,  317,  395).— See  also  the 
'  History  of  the  Organ,'  by  E.  F.  Rimbault, 
LL.D.,  in  '  The  Organ,  its  History  and 
Construction,'  by  Hopkins  and  Rimbault, 
which  contains  a  memoir  of  Smith  and  a 
list  of  his  organs.  See  pp.  75-85  in  the 
first  edition,  1855. 

E.  RIMBAULT  DIBDIN. 


MONASTIC  SITES  AND  BURIED  TREASURE 
(US.  ii.  469). — The  instance  given  by  MR. 
GERISH  is  only  one  phase  of  a  widely- 
spread  piece  of  folk-lore.  The  idea  of  buried 
treasure  is  attached  to  mounds  and  earth- 
works in  every  part  of  the  kingdom,  asso- 
ciated, as  at  Markyate  Cell,  with  doggerel 
rimes. 

Concerning  the  Maiden  Bower  at  Dunstable 
a  local  versifier  embodies  the  local  idea  : — 
Still  Tatternhoe  dames  rehearse  their  tale, 

On  eve  of  winter's  day) 
About  a  chest  hid  in  their  knoll 

When  Romans  went  away. 
'Tis  at  the  bottom  of  that  well 

On  Castle  Hill,  they  say  ; 
Of  good  old  gold  it  was  brimful, 
And  lies  there  to  this  day. 

Concerning  an  enclosure  in  Somerset 
called  Dolberry  Camp,  the  people  in  Leland's 
time  had  an  idea  that 

If  Dolbeyri  digged  were 

Of  gold  should  be  the  share. 

According  to  local  tradition,  a  golden 
vessel  full  of  treasure  is  concealed  in  a  cave 
at  Dinas  Emrys.  The  tumulus  near  the  east 
end  of  the  avenue  leading  to  the  Maiden 
Castle  in  Grinton  is  popularly  reported  to 
contain  an  iron  chest  filled  with  money. 
In  1730  the  neighbours  dug  near  the  rampart 
of  Bucton  Castle,  in  Mottram,  in  the  expecta- 
tion of  finding  a  chest  of  gold.  At  Abernethy, 
a  few  miles  from  Perth,  the  treasures  of  the 
Pictish  kings  are  said  to  be  hidden,  including 
a  kettle  of  gold,  zealously  guarded  by  a 
trow  or  fairy  ;  while  popular  belief  is  strong 
concerning  such  treasure  concealed 

Betwixt  Castle  Law  and  Carney  vane 
As  would  enrich  a'  Scotland  ane  by  ane. 

To  this  search  for  hidden  treasure  we 
owe  the  downfall  of  many  old  menhirs,  or 
stones  in  circles.  I  have  a  long  list  of 
examples,  but  enough  has  been  given  to 
show  how  widespread  is  the  superstition. 
See  Burton,  '  Commentary  on  Antoninus  his 
Itinerary,'  p.  24 ;  Dunns's  '  Originals,' 
iii.  21  ;  Leland,  '  Itin.,'  vii.  88  ;  Philosophi- 
cal Trans.,  xliv.  136  ;  Borlase,  '  Observa- 
tions on  the  Scilly  Islands,'  p.  33  ;  Jenkins, 
'  Bedd  Gelert,'  pp.  218-27  ;  Journ.  Arch. 
Assoc.,  xviii.  59  ;  Forfar,  '  Wizard  of  West 
Penrith,'  p.  5 ;  Spence,  '  Shetland  Folk- 
lore,' p.  88  ;  Whitaker,  '  Hist,  of  Rich- 
mondshire,'  i.  315  ;  Aikin,  '  Description  of 
the  Country  round  Manchester,'  p.  471  ; 
Archoeologia,  v.  88  ;  Maccullough,  *  The 
Misty  Isle  of  Skye,'  pp.  87,  93  ;  Peterkin, 
'  Notes  on  Orkney,'  p.  21  ;  Crossing, 
'  Ancient  Stone  Crosses  of  Dartmoor,'  p.  87  ; 
Proc.  Soc.  Antiq.  Scotland,  v.  49  ;  '  Powis- 


516 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       m  s.  11.  DEC.  24, 1910, 


land  Club  Collections.  ..  .relating  to  Mont- 
gomeryshire,' iii.  205  ;  Hall,  '  Ireland,  its 
Scenery,  Character,'  &c.,  ii.  429,  &c. 

Nor  is  the  idea  confined  to  Great  Britain. 
See  Hamilton,  '  Sixteen  Months  in  the  Danish 
Isles,'  i.  330,  ii.  29-35  ;  Gadow,  '  Northern 
Spain,'  p.  295  ;  Pallas,  '  Travels  through  the 
Southern  Provinces  of  the  Russian  Empire,' 
ii.  281  ;  Squier  and  Davis,  '  Ancient  Monu- 
ments of  the  Mississippi  Valley,'  p.  97. 

A.  RHODES. 

I  hardly  think  any  monks  or  friars  would 
have  been  simple  enough  to  bury  treasure 
on  sites  of  which  Henry  VIII.  was  going  to 
take  possession  ;  but,  as  one  item  of  evidence 
that  members  of  monastic  establishments 
did  bury  their  hoards,  it  may  be  mentioned 
that  in  1845,  when  the  workmen  of  Mr. 
Parker  Ayers  were  laying  bare  the  south 
wall  of  the  choir  of  Dover  Priory  Church, 
they  found  thirty  silver  coins  of  the  reigns  of 
Henry  I.  and  Henry  II.  As  the  building 
was  completed  and  in  use  before  the  reign 
of  Henry  II.  these  coins  must  have  been 
a  hoard  hidden  in  the  wall,  and  not  put 
there  for  dedication  purposes.  Most  of  the 
coins  were  placed  in  the  Dover  Museum. 
JOHN  BAVINGTON  JONES. 

Tworf  articles  on  hidden  treasure  will  be 
found  in  All  the  Year  Round,  1892,  vol.  Ixxi. 
and  Chambers' s  Journal,  1896,  vol.  Ixxiii. 

SCOTUS. 

WILKINSON,  COMEDIAN  AT  THE  ADELPHI 
THEATKE  (11  S.  ii.  468). — The  Christian 
names  of  this  actor  were  James  Pimbury, 
but  he  was  commonly  referred  to  as 
"  Geoffrey  Muffincap  "  Wilkinson,  from  his 
success  in  the  character  of  that  name  in 
Peake's  farce  of  *  Amateurs  and  Actors.' 

He  is  said  to  have  been  born  in  London 
in  1787,  and  to  have  been  by  trade  a  book- 
binder. He  began  his  theatrical  career 
about  1806,  under  old  Samuel  Jerrold,  at 
Cranbrook,  where  Harley,  also  a  novice 
was  in  the  company  ;  and  proceeding  thence 
to  Watford,  another  of  Jerrold' s  towns,  he 
there  became  associated  with  Edmunc 
Kean,  Oxberry,  and  Cobham — afterwards 
called  the  Kean  of  the  minors — all  then  un 
known  to  fame. 

After  some  years'  experience  in  the  princi 
pal  theatres  of  Scotland,  Wilkinson  obtained 
through  the  interest  of  Bartley,  an  engage 
ment  with  Arnold  at  the  English  Opera 
House  (Lyceum),  where  he  made  his  firsi 
appearance  on  15  June,  1816,  as  Simon 
Spatter  dash  in  '  The  Boarding-House,'  anc 
continued  during  several  seasons,  holding 


lis  own  with  such  actors  as  Wrench,  Harley. 
and  Bartley. 

In  1821  he  removed  to  the  Adelphi,  where 

was  the  original  Bob  Logic  in  Moncrieff'^ 
version  of  '  Tom  and  Jerry,'  a  part  of 
sufficient  importance  to  be  afterwards 
assumed  by  the  Mr.  Farren  at  Covent  Garden. 
The  piece  also  received  the  support  of 

rench,  John  Reeve,  and  Keeley.  In 
1826  Wilkinson  was  engaged  at  the  Hay- 
narket,  where  he  played  Touchstone  and 
Tiany  parts  of  the  first  importance  in  his 
ine,  and  continued  there  during  the  two 
'ollowing  seasons. 

Wilkinson  visited  America  about  1832, 
3ut  the  parts  of  dry,  quaint  eccentricity  in 
which  he  excelled  did  not  prove  acceptable 
to  American  audiences,  and  he  returned 
bo  the  Adelphi  under  Yates,  with  whom 
tie  remained  several  years,  playing  among 
other  parts  that  of  S  queers.  As  time  went 
on  his  position  in  the  theatre  declined  ;  and 
when  Wright  was  engaged,  the  exuberant 
humour  of  that  comedian  probably  over- 
shadowed the  quieter  style  of  Wilkinson. 

I  believe  his  last  appearance  was  at  the 
old  Olympic  Theatre  some  time  before  1850, 
and  then  his  name  disappears  from  the  bills, 
without  any  formal  leavetaking  such  as  was 
then  rather  customary  than  otherwise  in  the 
case  of  an  old  public  favourite. 

I  have  a  newspaper  cutting  in  which  he  is 
mentioned  as  having  been  present  at  Harley' s 
funeral  in  1858,  but  I  do  not  think  any- 
thing later  was  recorded  of  him.  I  never 
met  any  one  who  had  heard  of  his  death, 
but  a  few  years  ago  I  came  by  accident 
upon  his  tombstone  in  Norwood  Cemetery, 
from  which  it  appears  that  he  died  16  Sep- 
tember, 1873,  aged  87  years. 

Brief  accounts  of  Wilkinson  will  be  found 
in  The  Drama,  or  Theatrical  Pocket  Maga- 
zine, for  December,  1821,  and  in  '  Terry's 
Theatrical  Portrait  Gallery.' 

There  are  portraits  of  him  as  Simkin  in 
'  The  Deserter,'  and  in  his  two  best  parts. 
Hookey  Walker  in  '  Walk  for  a  Wager,'  and 
Geoffrey  Muffincap.  WM.  DOUGLAS. 

125,  Helix  Road,  Brrxton  Hill. 

ST.  HILDA:  ST.  JOHN  DEL  PYKE  (11  S. 
ii.  467). — Hilda,  the  titular  saint  of  Hartle- 
pool,  is,  according  to  Husenbeth's  'Emblems 
of  Saints '  (1882),  represented  upon  an 
ancient  seal  of  that  town  as  "an  abbess 
with  a  crozier  held  in  her  right  hand,  a 
priest  elevating  at  an  altar  on  each  side, 
and  a  bird  near  the  sacred  Host." 

Owen  in  '  Sanctorale  Catholicum  '  (1880) 
mentions  7  May  as  kept  in  York  as  the 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  24, 1910.)       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


517 


feast-day  of  St.  John  of  Beverley,  its  early  I 
eighth-century  archbishop  and  Confessor. 

HARRY  HEMS. 

As  regards  St.  Hilda  in  stained-glass 
windows,  see  the  account  of  her  ghost  as 
it  appears  in  Grose's  '  Antiquities,'  and  also 
in  J.  S.  Fletcher's  *  Picturesque  Yorkshire.' 
I  do  not  remember  whether  there  is  any 
allusion  to  other  figures  representing  the 
saint  in  a  paper  read  by  Alex.  D.  A.  Leadman, 
F.S.A.,  on  St.  Hilda,  in  the  Yorks.  Archaolog. 
Journ.,  vol.  xvii.,  p.  33  ;  or  in  '  The  Feast- 
Days  of  St.  Hilda,'  in  the  same  issue  of  the 
Journal  (p.  249),  by  George  Buchanan. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

Some  information  about  St.  Hilda  may,  I 
believe,  be  obtained  from  .Mrs.  Jameson's 
4  Legends  of  the  Monastic  Orders,'  pp.  58-62. 
Would  not  Dugdale  or  Willis  be  helpful  for 
the  second  part  of  the  query  ?  W.  S.  S. 

FIFIELD  ALLEN,  ARCHDEACON  OF  MIDDLE- 
SEX (11  S.  ii.  449). — From  the  record  of  her 
burial  under  the  altar  of  this  church  (where 
her  husband  was  subsequently  interred), 
it  appears  that  the  Christian  name  of  Dr. 
Allen's  wife  was  Anne,  though  what  her 
surname  had  been  prior  to  the  marriage,  and 
when  the  marriage  itself  took  place,  I  am 
unable  to  say.  If  G.  F.  R.  B.  meets  with  this 
information  elsewhere,  I  shall  be  glad  if  he 
will  let  me  have  it. 

WILLIAM  McMuRRAY. 

St.  Anne  and  St.  Agnes,  Gresham  Street,  B.C. 

BARON  DE  STAEL  IN  SCOTLAND  (11  S.  ii. 
387). — In  1825  the  Baron  de  Stael  published 
4  Lettres  sur  1' Angle terre.'  His  coming  to  Scot- 
land may  therefore  be  conjecturally  assigned 
to  1823  or  1824.  After  the  death  of  his 
mother,  Madame  de  Stael,  in  1817,  he  made 
himself  popular  in  France  on  account  of  his 
philanthropy  as  well  as  for  his  attachment 
to  constitutional  liberty.  His  Scottish 
visit  cannot  well  have  taken  place  before 
the  twenties.  He  died  in  1827.  W.  S.  S. 

ST.  ARMAND  (US.  ii.  367).— Possibly  the 
Ar  in  this  name  may  be  a  phonetic  rendering 
of  French  A.  St.  Amand  or  Amandus, 
who  baptized  the  son  of  Dagobert,  was  born 
near  Nantes  some  time  in  the  seventh 
century.  He  became  the  apostle  of  Flanders, 
and  died  while  leading  a  life  of  great  religious 
activity,  though  he  had  resigned  the  bishop- 
ric of  Maestricht,  to  the  duties  of  which 
he  felt  himself  unsuited.  He  is  com- 
memorated on  the  6th  of  February.  There 
»re  several  places  called  St.  Amand  in  France, 
and  one  or  two  in  Belgium.  ST.  SWITHIN. 


In  the  '  Dictionnaire  general  des  Villes, 
Bourgs,  Villages,  et  Hameaux  de  la  France,1 
par  Duclos,  Paris,  1836,  there  is  no  Saint- 
Armand. 

May  not  the  name,  if  Canadian  and 
originally  French,  be  a  corruption  of  Saint- 
Amand  ?  There  appear  eleven  places  of 
that  name  in  the  dictionary,  and  seventeen 
compound  names  with  Saint-Amand  as  the 
first  part,  e.g.,  Saint-Amand-de-Belves, 
Saint- Amand-de-Montpezat,  besides  twenty- 
six  named  Saint-Amans  (some  compound), 
five  named  Saint-Amant  (all  compound), 
and  one  Saint-Armon. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

There  is  a  village,  St.  Armand  or  Cook's 
Corner,  not  far  from  Montreal,  and  about 
two  miles  from  the  American  frontier.  We 
occupied  it  in  June,  1866,  when  we  drove 
back  the  Fenians  across  the  frontier. 

R.  W.  P. 
[ScoTus  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

"  MOVING  PICTURES  "  IN  FLEET  STREET 
(US.  ii.  403,  456).— The  late  Mr.  F.  G. 
Hilton  Price  in  The  Archceological  Journal 
for  December,  1895,  in  his  article  'The 
Signs  of  Old  Fleet  Street,'  quoted  an 
advertisement  (but  without  date)  to  the  effect 
that  there  was  to  be  seen  at  "  The  Duke 
of  Marlborough's  Head  "  in  Fleet  Street 
"  a  machine  composed  of  5  curious  pictures,  with 
moving  figures,  representing  the  history  of  the 
heathen  gods,  w«h  move  artificially  as  if  living,  the 
like  not  seen  before  in  Europe.  The  whole  contains 
near  100  figures  besides  ships,  Beasts,  Fish,  Fowle 
and  other  Embellishments,  some  near  a  foot  in 
height;  all  of  which  have  their  respective  and 
peculiar  motions,  their  very  Heads,  Legs,  Arms, 
Hands  and  fingers  Artificially  moving  to  what  they 
perform,  setting  one  foot  before  another  like  living 
creatures  in  such  a  manner  that  nothing  but 
nature  it  self  can  excel  it.  It  will  continue  to  be 
seen  every  day  from  10  in  the  morn*  'till  10  at 
night.  The  Prices  lB/6a,  and  the  lowest  fl*." 

J.  HOLDEN  MACMICHAEL. 

D.  CAMERINO  ARCANGELUS,  PAINTER 
(11  S.  i.  268,  313).— See  the  Fine  Art  Gossip 
of  The  Athenceum  of  29  October  last,  in 
which  reference  is  made  to  an  article  in  a 
recent  issue  of  L'Arte  by  Prof.  Venturi. 

W.  ROBERTS. 

ENGLISH  ALTAR  VIRGIN  IN  SANTIAGO 
(11  S.  ii.  248). — The  appearance  of  my 
query  in  4  N.  &  Q.'  has  led  the  Professor  of 
Archaeology  in  the  University  of  Santiago  to 
write  a  full  account  of  the  figure  in  the 
Diario  de  Galicia. 

J.  HARRIS  STONE. 


518 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      ui  s.  n.  DEC.  24, 1910. 


WOMEN  CARRYING  THEIR  HUSBANDS  ON  j 
THEIR  BACKS  (US.  ii.  409,  452).— It  is  a 
little  curious,  to  my  thinking,  that  not 
one  of  the  several  correspondents  who  have 
replied  to  this  query  appears  to  be  acquainted 
with  the  recitation  '  The  Women  of  Weins- 
burg,'  by  John  Riley  Robinson,  which 
opens  (and  closes)  with  the  stanza  : — 

The  noble  women  of  Weinsburg, 
As  long  as  the  world  shall  stand, 

Shall  find  a  place  in  the  minstrel  lays 
Of  the  German  Fatherland. 

The  body  of  the  poem  is  in  blank  verse  : 
whether  it  is  an  adaptation  of  the  ballad  by 
Burger  alluded  to  by  MR.  H.  S.  PEARSON 
I  am  unable  to  say. 

WILLIAM  MCMURRAY. 

LADIES'  HATS  IN  THEATRES  (11  S.  ii. 
386,  476). — There  is  a  very  amusing  sketch 
in  Anstey's  '  Voces  Populi,'  Second  Series, 
1892,  p.  153,  headed  '  A  Row  in  the  Pit  ;  or, 
The  Obstructive  Hat.'  J.  T.  F. 

Durham. 


0tt 


Whiiaker's  Almanack,  1011.  (Whitaker  &  Sons. 
Whitaker'  fs  Peerage,  1011.  (Same  publishers.) 

IF  the  editor  of  '  Whitaker  '  wished  to  amuse  his 
readers  by  a  puzzle,  he  would  ask  them  to  make 
suggestions  for  improvements  to  his  world- 
famed  Almanack.  However,  what  we  said  in 
reference  to  the  past  year's  issue  remains  true 
of  the  new  one,  "  he  does  not  rest  on  his  laurels," 
and  we  have  to  record  an  important  change  under 
House  of  Commons.  The  alphabetical  has  given 
place  to  a  geographical  system  of  grouping,  but 
the  adoption  of  a  simple  numerical  device  obviates 
any  difficulty  in  referring  from  the  list  of  members 
of  Parliament  to  their  constituencies.  Similarly 
the  pages  devoted  to  the  British  Empire  have 
been  rearranged  by  continents  ;  and  an  account 
of  the  Government  and  Constitution  of  the  Union 
of  South  Africa  finds  a  place  for  the  first  time 
among  the  African  dominions.  There  are  various 
other  new  features.  The  tables  under  '  National 
Income  and  Expenditure  '  start  with  the  year 
1600,  and  a  revenue  of  one  million.  For  the  past 
twenty  years,  as  we  all  sadly  know,  expenditure 
has  increased  by  leaps  and  bounds,  and  for 
1910-11  provision  had  to  be  made  for  an  estimated 
expenditure  of  199,482,000?. 

Under  King  Edward  VII.  the  chief  events  of 
his  reign  are  given  from  the  date  of  his  accession 
on  the  22nd  of  January,  1901,  until  his  lamented 
death  on  the  6th  of  May  last.  Under  Obituary 
we  note  the  late  President  of  the  Royal  Society, 
Sir  William  Huggins,  at  the  age  of  84  ;  Elizabeth 
Blackwell,  89,  the  first  woman  in  America  to 
become  a  fully  qualified  medical  practitioner  ; 
Bjornson,  77,  Norwegian  poet  and  novelist  ;  Samuel 
Langhorne  Clemens  ("Mark  Twain"),  84; 
Frank  Harrison  Hill,  80,  formerly  editor  of  The 


Daily  Ncics ;  Holman  Hunt,  83  ;  Florence 
Nightingale,  90  ;  Ebenezer  Prout,  74,  Professor 
of  Music  ;  Gordon  Stables,  69  ;  and  Alfred 
Triibner  Nutt,  54,  publisher  and  author,  drowned 
while  trying  to  rescue  his  son. 

An  unusual  number  of  alterations  have  had 
to  be  made  in  the  present  issue  of  '  Whitaker'ft 
Peerage.'  The  demise  of  the  Crown  has  caused  a 
general  revision  of  Court  appointments  ;  added 
to  this  are  the  political  changes  of  the  past 
twelve  months  as  well  as  the  numerous  creations 
in  the  peerage.  In  view  of  the  Coronation,  which, 
has  been  fixed  for  the  22nd  of  next  June,  a  full 
account  of  the  crowning  of  King  Edward  VII. 
is  supplied,  and  it  will  doubtless  prove  of  especial 
use  and  interest. 

Among  the  decorations  founded  during  the 
late  reign  is  the  Edward  Medal,  instituted  in 
1907,  as  a  recognition  of  heroic  acts  by  miners 
and  quarrymen,  or  others  who  have  endangered 
their  lives  in  rescuing  those  so  employed.  This- 
may  be  awarded  to  a  woman.  Next  in  precedence  is 
the  Board  of  Trade  medal  for  saving  life.  Another 
decoration  is  the  Territorial,  established  in  1908. 
This  is  restricted  to  commissioned  officers  of 
twenty  years'  good  service  in  the  Territorial  Force, 
and  not  holders  of  the  Volunteer  Decoration. 
Similarly,  a  Territorial  Long-Service  Medal  has 
been  substituted  for  that  formerly  awarded  to 
Volunteers.  In  1907  the  Indian  Distinguished 
Service  Medal  was  established  as  a  reward  for 
commissioned  or  non-commissioned  officers  of 
any  forces  employed  in  India.  This  may  be  con- 
ferred also  by  the  Viceroy.  In  1909  a  medal 
was  instituted  to  reward  men  of  the  Police  force r 
and  in  1910  the  King  approved  the  grant  of  a 
decoration  and  medal  for  officers  and  men  of  the 
Royal  Naval  Reserve  and  the  Royal  Naval 
Volunteer  Reserve  as  a  reward  for  long  service. 

The  preface  to  this  valuable  work  of  reference- 
contains  a  sad  note.  Alfred  Watts,  who  had  been 
its  editor  from  its  first  issue,  died  when  he  had 
already  made  some  progress  in  the  revision  of  the 
present  volume,  and  just  tribute  is  paid  to  him 
for  his  care  and  accuracy.  There  is  every  evidence 
that  his  successor  will  not  be  behind  him  in 
this  respect,  and  we  feel  sure  that  his  hope  will 
be  fulfilled  that  the  welcome  aid  correspondents 
afforded  his  predecessor  will  be  continued  to  hint 
in  pointing  out  alterations  and  minor  errors 
which  may  have  escaped  his  observation. 

An  Anthology  of  the  Poetry  of  the  Age  of  Shake- 
speare.  Chosen  and  arranged  by  W.  T.  Young. 
(Cambridge  University  Press.) 

THIS  is  the  first  of  a  series  of  anthologies  designed 
to  illustrate  the  various  periods  of  English 
literature.  The  arrangement  of  the  selections  i» 
chronological,  and  affords  an  excellent  illustra- 
tion of  the  progress  made  during  one  of  the  most 
formative  eras  of  our  poetry.  The  ground  of 
choice,  as  stated  in  the  preface,  has  not  always 
been  that  of  supremacy  in  poetry,  but  often 
rather  representative  or  illustrative  quality. 

The  book  is  divided  into  eight  sections.  The 
first  consists  of  lyric  poems  from  Sir  Thomas 
Wyatt  to  Hausted,  comprises  more  than  half  the 
volume,  and  contains,  amongst  a  good  deal  that 
is  merely  "  representative,"  most  of  the  best 
known  examples  of  the  lyric  of  the  time.  The 
second  section  of  '  Descriptive  and  Narrative 


ii  8.  ii.  DEC.  24,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


519 


Poems  '  contains  selections  from  '  Venus  and 
Adonis,'  from  '  The  Faerie  Queene,'  and  from 
Michael  Dray  ton.  The  third  is  a  series  of  sonnets, 
mainly  from  Spenser,  Drayton,  Sidney,  and 
Shakespeare.  Under  the  title  of  '  Classical 
Poems  '  we  have  a  fourth  section  containing 
translations  by  Chapman  and  others,  and  the 
greater  part  of  the  First  Sestiad  of  Marlowe's 
'  Hero  and  Leander.'  The  remaining  four  parts 
of  the  volume  are  devoted  to  selections  of  histori- 
cal, "  reflective  and  moral "  poems,  poetical 
addresses,  and  satire. 

The  selection  has  been  maiiuy  rarried  out  on 
conventional  lines,  and  is  from  the  point  of  view 
of  the  general  reader,  as  inclusive  as  need  be 
desired. 

IN  The  National  Review  '  The  Episodes  of  the 
Month  '  deal  with  politics  in  the  usual  trenchant 
style,  but  the  writer  was  not  in  time  to  discuss 
that  turn  of  policy  on  the  Conservative  side 
which  has  rather  for  the  moment  put  Tariff 
Reform  in  the  background.  We>  notice  "  stump- 
itis  "  and  "  Limeho using  "  as  modern  specimens 
of  slang  hardly  likely,  perhaps,  to  become 
permanent  additions  to  the  language.  While 
we  are  in  favour  of  freedom  of  speech  in  politics, 
we  deprecate  suggestions  that  any  man  "  had 
made  a  deplorable  impression  on  King  Edward." 
"  Unionists,"  says  the  writer,  "  must  keep  the 

Sovereign     out     of     the     controversy "     We 

agree,  and  think  the  advice  good.  Mr.  Bonar 
Law's  address  in  the  Free  Trade  Hall  at  Man- 
chester on  '  Tariff  Reform  and  the  Cotton  Trade  ' 
is  reprinted,  and  represents  the  views  of  a  man 
whose  opinions  command  attention.  '  The 
Success  of  the  Public  Trustee,'  by  Mr.  E.  K. 
Allen,  is  an  answer  to  various  attacks  and 
assertions  which,  not  being  financial  experts,  we 
are  hardly,  perhaps,  qualified  to  appreciate  ;  but 
it  certainly  looks  as  if  Mr.  Allen  had  shown  that 
the  public  have  realized  the  usefulness  and  com- 
petency of  the  official  in  question.  '  Paris  qui 
passe,' 'by  Col.  De  la  Poer  Beresford,  is  interesting 
and  might  have  been  longer.  Mr.  Austin  Dobson 
has  one  of  his  delightful  eighteenth-century 
studies  on  '  Robert  Lloyd,'  whose  brief  and 
broken  career  ended  in  hack-work  and  the  Fleet. 
Lloyd  was  a  good  classical  scholar,  but  he  would 
not  be  a  schoolmaster,  'and  he  was  not  a  man 
of  letters,  though  a  fluent  writer.  "  An  Under- 
graduate "  replies  in  '  Our  Public  Schools  '  to 
the  schoolboy's  article  in  the  November  number 
on  the  same  subject,  and  suggests  that  "  if  he  is 
ever  privileged  to  become  a  University  man," 
he  will  look  back  on  his  schooldays  "  with  more 
optimistic  and  still  prouder  eyes."  This  is 
probable,  but  hardly  seems  to  us  to  amount 
to  argument.  In  '  American  Affairs '  Mr.  A. 
Maurice  Low  has  the  chance  to  tell  us  about  the 
setback  Mr.  Roosevelt  has  received,  and  his 
summary  is  of  great  interest.  '  The  Duty  on 
Unearned  Increment,'  by  Sir  R.  H.  Inglis  Pal- 
grave,  should  be  read  with  the  respect  due  to  a 
master  of  finance.  Finally,  we  notice,  there  is  in 
smaller  print  a  letter  from  the  Chairman  of 
Council  of  the  Royal  Society  for  the  Protection  of 
Birds  which  traverses  some  of  the  conclusions 
stated  by  Mr.  Downham  in  his  defence  of  the 
leather  trade.  We  are  glad  to  learn  that  "  a 
full  statement  will  be  furnished,  both  in  and  out 
of  Parliament,  when  the  time  comes  for  the 
Importation  of  Plumage  Bill  to  be  discussed." 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOG  UES. — DECEMBER. 

MR.  THOMAS  BAKER'S  Catalogue  565  consist* 
mostly  of  theological  works,  English  and  Foreign. 
A  copy  of  that  scarce  book  '  Le  Liber  Pontificalis,' 
with  introduction  by  Duchesne,  2  vols.,  Paris,. 
1886,  is  WL  18s.  ;  a  complete  set  of  The  Ecdesio- 
logist,  31.  15s.  ;  and  a  good  sound  copy  of  the  best 
Benedictine  edition  of  '  Chrysostomi  Opera, 
Omnia,'  Paris,  1718,  13  vols.,  folio,  calf,  51.  5s. 
There  is  a  sound  set  in  old  calf  gilt  of  Despont's 
'  Bibliotheca,'  27  vols.,  1677,  with  '  Apparatus  * 
and  '  Index  Locorum,'  together  30  vols.,  18Z.  18s. 
A  fine  copy  of  '  Salmeronis  Commentarii,'  16  vols. 
in  6,  folio,  in  stamped  hogskin  red  edges,  rare,  is 
201.  ;  and  a  set  of  '  The  Expositor's  Bible/ 
edited  by  Robertson  Nicoll,  49  vols.,  clean,  in 
publisher's  cloth,  91.  The  general  portion 
includes  Lingard's  '  History  of  England,'  10  vols., 
half-calf,  31.  3s.  ;  Ware's  '  Antiquities  of  Ireland,' 
3  vols.  in  2,  original  calf  (apparently  lacks  one 
plate  in  vol.  ii.),  Dublin,  1739-45,  4Z."  10s.  ;  and 
'The  Harleian  Miscellany,'  1744-6,  8  vols.,  4to, 
original  calf,  21.  10s. 

Mr.  J.  Jacobs's  Catalogue  54  opens  with  some  ori- 
ginal drawings  by  Count  D'Orsay.  Books  in- 
clude works  under  America  and  Americana  and! 
France.  The  general  portion  contains  the 
'  Lysistrata  '  of  Aristophanes,  first  rendered  into, 
plain  English,  with  eight  full-page  drawings  by- 
Beardsley,  4to,  original  boards,  1896,  10Z.  10s.  j-. 
Carlyle's  '  German  Romance,'  4  vols.,  first  edition, 
Edinburgh,  1827,  11.  7s.  Qd.  ;  '  Century  Dic- 
tionary,' 8  vols.,  4to,  51.  os.  ;  Halliwell  Phillipps's 
'  Archaic  and  Provincial  Words,'  2  vols.,  12s.  Qd.  ;• 
'  Jewish  Encyclopedia,'  12  vols.,  4to,  1907,  10?.  ;. 
and  Max  Miiller's  Life,  by  his  Wife,  2  vols.,' 
first  edition,  12s.  Qd.  There  are  some  rare  tracts' 
by  Swift,  including  the  first  edition  of  '  A  Modest 
Proposal  for  preventing  the  Children  of  Poor- 
People  from  becoming  a  Burthen  to  their  Parents, 
or  the  Country,'  Dublin,  printed  by  S.  Harding, 
1729,  16Z.  16s.  There  is  a  list  under  Music. 

Messrs.   Maggs   Brothers   send   a   Catalogue   of' 
Autograph    Letters    and    Manuscripts,    No.    262. 
There  are  over  thirteen  hundred  items,  and  many 
of   the   letters    are   of   considerable   length.     We- 
have   Joseph   Bonaparte   writing   on   the    1st   of 
December,    1812,    that    "  the    English    have    re-  - 
treated  into  Portugal  "  ;    and  Madame  Elizabeth, 
on  the  14th  July,  1791  :    "  The  decree  is  given. ' 
The  king  is  hors  de  cause There  is  little  move- 
ment  among   the   people,    but   a   great   deal   of 
terror."     The   Duke  of  Wellington  on  the  26th 
of  May,  1832,  writes  angrily  in  reference  to  corre- 
spondence published    in  newspapers,  and  states  : 
"  I  did  negotiate  the  Convention  for  the  Surrender 
to  his  Majesty  of  the   Danish  Fleet  and  Arsenal 
at  Copenhagen.     But  I  never  before  heard  that 
any  individual  was  responsible  for  the  execution 
of   every  Article  of   a  Convention."     A  letter  of  • 
Thomas   Day's  reads   like  a  portion   of  his   own 
'  Sandford   and  Merton  '  :     "  If  we  consider  the 
body  of  man,  how  wonderful,  how  sublime  the 
structure,     how     admirably    adapted     to     every 
necessary  purpose  of  human  existence,  how  nice 
the    mechanism,"     &c.     Among    the    letters    of  • 
Dickens  is  one  in  which  he  says  :    "I  have  often 
tried  hard  to  attract  attention  to  the  enormous 
absurdity    of     the     separate     solitary    system."  • 
Benjamin    Franklin    writes    from    Philadelphia, . 


520 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  DEC.  24, 1910. 


8  May,  1775,  to  David  Hartley :  "You  will 
have  heard  before  this  reaches  you  of  the 
Commencement  of  a  Civil  War — the  End  of  it 
perhaps  neither  myself  nor  you  who  are 
much  younger  may  live  to  see.  I  find  here 
all  Ranks  of  People  in  Arms,  disciplining  them- 
selves Morning  and  Evening,  and  am  informed 
that  the  firmest  Union  prevails  throughout 
North  America :  New  York  as  hearty  as  the 
rest."  Helps,  in  sending  the  last  volume  of  his 
'  Spanish  Conquest  of  America  '  to  Sir  George 
Lewis  on  the  5th  of  February,  1861,  writes  : 
"  I  am  a  very  merciful  author,  and  do  not  in  the 
least  expect  that  those  to  whom  I  send  my  books 
should  read  them."  Longfellow  on  the  1st  of 
October,  1876,  in  reference  to  a  paragraph  in 
The  Times  which  stated  that  Tennyson  had  refused 
to  allow  any  of  his  poems  to  be  inserted  in  a 
collection  edited  by  the  American  poet,  writes  : 
*'  I  am  happy  to  say  that  this  is  not  so.  On  the 
contrary,  he  has  even  anticipated  my  wishes  in 
that  respect,  and  allowed  me  to  make  whatever 
extracts  suit  my  purpose."  In  a  collection  of 
20  letters  of  Bossetti,  inlaid  to  4to  si/e  levant 
by  Riviere,  one  contains  this  reference  to  his 
lately  deceased  wife  :  "Of  my  dear  wife  I  do  not 
dare  to  speak  now,  nor  to  attempt  any  vain 
conjecture  whether  it  may  be  ever  possible 
to  me,  or  whether  I  be  found  worthy,  to  meet 
her  again."  Marconi  writes  from  Bournemouth 
in  1898  :  "  Had  a  very  good  show  at  the  House  of 
Commons ....  one  station  being  in  the  House 

and  the  other  in  St.  Thomas's  Hospital perfect 

messages     both    ways 1     may    increase     the 

distance  a  good  deal,"  &c.  One  more  extract 
must  suffice  :  it  is  from  the  Earl  of  Selkirk, 
Edinburgh,  3  June,  1784,  and  written  in  most 
bitter  language  as  to  English  injustice  to 
the  Scotch  Peerage  :  "  Is  it  wise  in  your  Parlia- 
ment to  leave  the  Rights  of  Scotland  a  Prey  to 
your  English  Ministers :  is  it  not  highly  impolitick  ? 
Yet  that  has  been  the  wretched  policy  of  almost 
every  English  Ministry  and  King,  ever  since 

James  the  Sixth  crossed  the  Tweed At  this 

moment  you  owe  the  Liberty  you  possess  to  the 
bold  and  independent  spirit  of  the  Scotch^  in 
commencing  Hhe  war  against  Charles  the  first." 

Mr.  F.  Mar cham's  Part  5  contains  a  selection 
from  recent  purchases  of  deeds  relating  to  Surrey, 
Essex,  and  Herefordshire.  Under  Celebrated 
Dunmow  Flitch  is  a  document  relating  to  the 
Court  Baron  held  27  June,  1701,  "  A  true  copy 
taken  1727." 

Messrs.  James  Rimell  &  Son's  catalogues  of 
Topographical  books  and  engravings  are  always 
full  of  interest,  and  No.  223  is  specially  so.  Many 
of  the  chief  counties  are  included  in  the  two 
thousand  items  :  space  admits  of  our  noting  only 
a  few.  Under  Windsor  is  a  pair  of  engravings  by 
Fittler  after  Robertson,  South-East  and  North- 
West  Views  of  the  Castle,  Boydell,  1783,  Ql.  6s. 
Sandby's  set  of  six  aquatints  of  Windsor  and 
Eton,  1776,  is  QL  16s.  Qd.  Ormerod's  '  History,' 
8  vols.,  folio,  russia,  1819,  is  6Z.  6s.  Under  Essex 
is  Suckling's  '  Memorials,'  containing  34  plates  of 
churches,  with  ex-libris  of  Robert  Hovenden, 
1845,  21.  15s.  Kent  includes  Hasted's  '  Survey.' 
4  vols.,  folio,  old  russia,  1778,  23Z.  Under  Wool- 
wich is  '  Records  of  the  Royal  Military  Academy,' 
1851,  81.  London  views  include  the  Bank  of 
England,  1700-1842  ;  Battersea  Reach,  1863  ; 
Turnpike  at  Bayswater ;  Bridge  Street  Black- 


friars,  circa  1800  ;  Cheapside  and  Charing  Cross , 
1643-6  ;  Birch's  '  London  Churches,'  folio,  Bats- 
ford,  1896,  4Z.  10s.  ;  and  Croker's  '  Walk  from 
London  to  Fulham,'  Tegg,  1860,  extended  to 
2  vols.  by  additional  illustrations,  folio,  cloth, 
17Z.  10s.  Under  Hyde  Park  is  a  collection  of 
plates  illustrative  of  the  naval  celebrations  on  the 
Serpentine  and  the  Peace  Festivities  in  the  Green 
Park,  Falser,  1817,  QL  9s.  Under  Paddington  is 
an  extensive  and  rare  collection  neatly  mounted 
n  a  folio  portfolio,  121.  12s.  There  is  a  fine  copy 
of  Stow's  '  Survey,'  2  vols.,  folio,  full  crimson 
morocco,  gilt  extra,  1754,  10Z.  10s.  '  Vauxhall 
Grardens,'  with  a  crowd  of  spectators,  including 
bhe  Prince  of  Wales,  Mrs.  Robinson,  the  Duchess 
of  Devonshire,  Johnson,  Goldsmith,  Boswell, 
&c.,  designed  by  Rowlandson,  early  impression, 
J.  R.  Smith,  1785,  is  81.  8s. 

Messrs.  Simmons  &  Waters  of  Leamington 
Spa  have  in  their  Catalogue  251  works  under 
Africa,  Alpine,  and  America.  Art  Books  include 
The  Art  Journal,  1862-84,  22  vols.,  half-morocco, 
4Z.  4s.  ;  The  Studio,  in  parts  as  published, 
1894-1904,  51.  ;  and  Waagen's  '  Treasures  of  Art,' 
4  vols.,  11.  15s.  Under  Botanical  Works  are 
Moore's  '  Nature-Printed  British  Ferns,'  2  vols., 
8vo,  1859,  1Z.  2s.  Qd.  (published  at  6Z.  6«.)  ;  and 
Anne  Pratt's  '  Flowering  Plants,'  4  vols.,  1891, 
2Z.  2s.  (the  latter  belonged  to  Mrs.  Lynn  Linton, 
and  has  her  autograph).  There  are  first  editions 
of  Dickens.  Under  Insects  is  Blackwall's 
'  Spiders,'  2  vols.,  1861-4,  31.  7s.  Qd.  Under  Scott 
is  the  Abbotsford  Edition,  12  vols.,  royal  Svo, 
half-morocco,  1842,  5Z.  5s.  The  first  edition  of 
Boswell's  '  Johnson,'  2  vols.,  royal  4to,  original 
calf,  1791,  is  4Z.  4s. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


ALBERT  HARTSHORNE. — We  are  sorry  to  notice 
the  death  on  the  8th  inst.  of  Mr.  Albert  Harts- 
home,  a  learned  antiquary  in  several  lines,  and 
specially  known  for  his  works  on  monumental 
effigies  and  old  English  glasses.  On  the  latter 
subject  he  wrote  in  the  Ninth  Series — also  on 
epitaphs,  sack  and  sugar,  and  stripes  on  sailors' 
collars.  To  the  Tenth  Series  he  contributed 
a  long  article  on  '  Tea  as  a  Meal,'  derived  from 
family  papers  in  his  possession.  He  published 
from  this  source  several  letters  of  interest  con- 
cerning earlier  days  in  academic  and  ecclesiastical 
circles. 


10  C0msp0tttonts. 


WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "The  Editor  of  'Notes  and  Queries  '  "—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery 
Lane,  E.C. 

A.  D.  BRASH  ("  Nuts  and  May  or  Nuts  in  May"). 
—See  8  S.  v.  426  ;  vi.  58  ;  vii.  231  ;  10  S.  xi.  344, 
437. 

MARIA  ("Cross  fylfot").—  See  the  discussion  ante, 
pp.  188,  239,  292,  338. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  si,  mo.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


521 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  J7,  1910. 


CONTENTS.— No.  53. 

NOTES  :— '  An  Amulet  against  Sickness  and  Death,'  521— 
"  Love  me,  love  my  dog,"  522— Epitaphiana,  524— Isola 
Family— Dr.  Johnson  in  the  Hunting  Field  —  Falstaff's 
"  food  for  powder,"  525 — Thomas  Dover — "  Fiddles  "  at 
Sea—"  Puckled  "— Wilber force  and  Thornton— Author  of 
'The  Methodist,' 526. 

•QUERIES  :— "  All  comes  out  even  at  the  end  of  the  day  " 
— B's  of  Sailors— Riddle  of  Claret -Watson  Family,  527 
—Quaker  Oats  —  Matsell's  '  Vocabulum '  —  SS.  Prothus 
and  Hyacinthus— Holwell  Family— "Old  Cock  o'  Wax"— 
Monk  Family— E.  Fletcher,  Painter  — Ship  lost  in  the 
Fifties  —  Leake  Family  —  Laughton  -  en  -  le  -  Morthen  — 
Canova's  Busts,  528  —  Jocelyn  Flood  —  P.  Foxwell — 
"  Woodyer  "—Hatchment  in  Hythe  Church,  529. 

REPLIES  :— Municipal  Records  Printed,  529  —  Alfleri  in 
England  —  "  Goulands  "  in  Ben  Jonson,  532  —  Mansel 
Family,  533  —  Pickwicks  of  Bath  — Goats  and  Cows  — 
Buffoon's  Admirers  —  "  All  sorts*  of  people  to  make  a 
world  "—Wearing  One  Spur— Canons,  Middlesex,  534  — 
Crosses  —  Wet  Hay,  535  —  Rousseau  and  Davenport  — 
Richard  Coope  of  Fulham— Listen  and  Ducrow— '  Letters 
toy  an  American  Spy,"  536 — Inscriptions  in  Churchyards — 
Moving  Pictures  to  Cinematographs  —  Black  and  Red 
Rats,  537— "Whom"  as  Subject -Nottingham  Earthen- 
ware Tombstone— Eminent  Librarians,  538. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— 'Sir  Walter  Scott  and  the  Border 
Minstrelsy '— '  Shakespeare  as  a  Groom  of  the  Chamber ' 
— 'L'lnterme'diaire.' 

Booksellers*  Catalogues. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


JEUrite* 

4  AN   AMULET   OR   PRESERVATIVE 
AGAINST   SICKNESS   AND   DEATH.' 

EABLY  in  the  seventeenth  century  there 
appeared  a  little  volume  of  warning  and 
consolation  which  is  worth  a  passing  notice. 
The  title-page  is,  after  the  fashion  of  the 
age,  copious,  if  not  redundant.  It  reads  : — 
"  An  Amvlet  or  Preservative  against  Sicknes 
.and  Death  :  in  two  parts.  The  First  containing 
Spirituall  Direction  for  the  Sick  at  all  times 
needful ;  but  especially  in  the  conflict  of  sick- 
ness, and  agonie  of  death.  The  second  a  Method 
•or  order  of  comforting  the  sicke.  Whereunto  is 
.annexed,  a  most  pithie  and  comfortable  Sermon 
of  Mortalitie,  written  by  the  blessed  Martyr  S. 
Cyprian,  Bishop  of  Carthage,  translated  into 
English  by  A.  M.  Together  with  sundry  Prayers 
needfull  in  time  of  sicknesse.  Collected  and  set 
forth  for  the  comfort  of  distressed  soules,  most 
•especially  in  time  of  sicknes  and  mortality.  By 
A.  M.  Minister  of  the  Word  of  God  in  Henley 
upon  Thames.  London.  Printed  by  B.  F.  for 
Thomas  Man  and  lonas  Man,  dwelling  in  Pater- 
noster Row  at  the  signe  of  the  Talbot.  1617." 

This  book  is  dedicated  "  To  the  right 
Worshipful  and  vertuous  Ladie,  the  Ladie 
Elizabeth  Periam  of  Greenlands,"  by  the 
•author,  who  declares  that  he  had  "  alwaies 


distasted  the  too  much  forwardnes  of  this 
age  in  publishing  unnecessary  books,"  but 
yet  thought  that  which  he  had  written 
for  his  own  private  use  might  be  of  further 
service.  He  discusses  the  question  why 
sickness  is  sent,  and  how  the  fear  of  death 
is  to  be  remedied,  &c.,  in  accordance  with 
the  theology  of  his  time.  He  shows  good 
sense  in  advising  men  whilst  in  health  to  set 
their  affairs  in  order  and  to  make  their  wills 
(p.  144).  After  those  "nearest and  dearest" 
should  come  poor  kinsfolk,  the  poor  in 
general,  and  "other  holy  and  charitable  uses." 
Whilst  he  advises  frequent  Communion,  he 
laments  that  "  for  so  many  years  "  the  Sacra- 
ment "  hath  been"  unworthily  received  and  so 
unreverently  handled,  and  of  many  con- 
temned and  lightly  regarded."  He  warns 
his  readers  that  reconciliation  and  restitu- 
tion are  "  required  in  time  of  sickness  (if 
not  performed  before)  " — a  saving  clause. 
A  curious  case  of  conscience — which  cannot 
often  have  occurred,  it  may  be  thought — 
is  thus  stated:  "Is  physic  lawful?"  To 
this  query  he  sensibly  returns  the  obvious 
answer  that  it  is. 

In  his  next  observation  we  get  some  seven- 
teenth-century folk-lore  : — 

"  As  for  witches  and  wizards,  inchanters  and 
sorcerers  and  the  like,  who  will  take  upon  them 
to  heale  and  cure  the  sicke,  by  certain  fained  and 
devised  ceremonies,  or  by  a  certaine  number  of 
words  or  prayers,  whereunto  they  ascribe  the 
vertue  and  power  of  healing  diseases  :  these  are 
by  all  meanes  to  be  avoided,  and  to  be  put  away 
far  from  us.  For  they  are  the  very  hand  and 
instruments  of  the  divels  and  evil  spirits,  and  not 
the  hand  of  Almighty  God,  by  whose  word  and 
power  all  things  are,  and  ought  to  be  ruled  and 
governed." — Pp.  73-4. 

In  translating  Cyprian's  sermon  on  mor- 
tality the  writer  thought  a  part  unprofitable, 
and  so  observes  in  the  margin  "  A  vision 
is  here  reported  by  the  author  which  I 
thought  good  to  omit,"  though  he  alludes  to 
these  revelations  in  his  preface.  The  deleted 
section  is  that  describing  the  vision  of  a 
dying  priest. 

The  '  Amulet '  appears  in  the  British 
Museum  Catalogue  under  the  initials  given 
on  the  title-page.  The  veil  of  concealment 
is,  however,  a  very  thin  one,  for  Abraham 
Man  was  incumbent  of  Henley-on-Thames 
from  1586  to  1631,  the  year  in  which  he  died. 
In  1607  he  had  a  lawsuit  with  Sir  John 
Swinnerton  on  the  ever-vexed  question  of 
tithes.  In  the  end  Swinnerton  paid  40Z. 
and  had  his  land  clear  (Burn's  '  History  of 
Henley-on-Thames,'  p.  133).  The  author 
and  his  publishers  may  possibly  have  been 
related. 


522 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  DEC,  31,  1910. 


Let  us  hope  that  in  times  of  sickness  and 
in  the  article  of  death  Abraham  Man  found 
the  *  Amulet '  he  had  prepared  for  the  use 
of  others  of  service  to  himself. 

WILLIAM  E.  A.  AXON. 
Manchester. 


"LOVE    ME,    LOVE    MY    DOG." 

THIS  proverbial  expression  has  interested 
me  for  many  years  because  I  have  from 
boyhood  had  a  great  liking  for  this  faithful 
animal,  the  truest  friend  that  man  has  in  all 
the  brute  creation.  Camden  in  his  '  Re- 
maines '  (2nd  ed.,  London,  1614)  has  a 
chapter  entitled  *  Proverbs,'  which  is,  I 
suppose,  the  earliest  collection  of  such 
sayings  in  the  English  language.  On  p.  309 
this  particular  one  is  given  thus  :  "  Loue 
me  loue  my  dogge."  But  I  can  go  much 
further  back  than  this  good  old  writer's 
time. 

St.  Bernard  of  Clairvaux,  preaching  in 
the  twelfth  century  on  the  feast  of  St. 
Michael  the  Archangel,  makes  excellent  use 
of  this  common  proverb  (vulgare  proverbium) 
when  he  says  : — 

"  Angeli  amant  nos,  quia  nos  Christus  amavit. 
Dicitur  certe  vulgar!  proverbio  :  qui  me  amat, 
a  mat  et  canem  meum.  Nos  vero,  o  beati  angeli, 
catelli  sumus  Domini  illius  quern  tanto  affectu 
diligitis  ;  catelli,  inquam,  cupientes  saturari  de 
micis  quse  cadunt  de  xnensa  Dominorum  nostro- 
rum,  qui  estis  vos."  Quoted  by  Henricus 
Engelgrave  in  his  '  Cseleste  Pantheon,'  6th  ed., 
vol.  i.  p.  250,  Cologne,  1727. 
St.  Bernard  borrows  his  language  from  the 
Vulgate  :  Matth.  xv.  26,  27,  Marc.  vii.  27, 
28,  and  Luc.  xvi.  21.  The  woman  of 
Canaan,  according  to  the  first  reference, 
when  asking  the  Lord  to  cure  her  daughter, 
receives  this  reply  :  "  It  is  not  meet  to  take 
the  children's  bread,  and  to  cast  it  to  dogs. 
And  she  said,  Truth,  Lord  :  yet  the  dogs 
eat  of  the  crumbs  which  fall  from  their 
masters'  table."  There  seems  to  me  a  lack 
of  point  in  this  translation,  which  is  from  the 
Authorized  Version.  In  the  Douay  Bible 
we  have  "  dogs  "  in  the  former  verse  and 
"  whelps  "  in  the  latter,  which  are  the  exact 
equivalents  of  canes  and  catelli  in  the 
Vulgate,  from  which  it  is  translated.  On 
consulting  the  Greek,  we  find  in  St.  Matthew's 
Gospel  the  diminutive  Kvvdpia  employed 
in  both  verses.  I  have  examined  four 
different  editions  on  my  shelves,  and  the 
reading  is  the  same  in  each.  With  one  of 
them  is  printed  the  Latin  version  of  Bene- 
dictus  Arias  Montanus,  which  he  claims  to 
be  the  Vulgate  corrected  in  strict  accordance 
with  the  Greek  text.  "  It  was  approved," 


says  the  editor  of  the  book  (Amsterdam, 
1741),  "  in  the  year  1571  a  Facultate 
Theologica  in  Academia  Louvaniensi,"  and 
we  therefore  read  catellis  instead  of  canibus 
in  the  26th  verse — a  reading  which  has 
just  as  little  point  as  that  of  the  Authorized 
Version.  All  whelps  are  dogs,  but  all  dog& 
are  not  whelps.  This  distinction  is  ignored 
in  the  Greek  version  of  St.  Matthew's- 
Gospel,  which,  St.  Jerome  assures  us,  was- 
first  written  in  the  Hebrew  language  (see  the 
preface  to  his  '  Commentaria  in  Evangelium 
Sancti  Matthsei  ad  Eusebium,'  p.  3,  Gaume's 
edition,  Paris,  1852).  The  original  is  now 
lost,  but  may  have  been  in  existence  in 
that  great  scholar's  time  ;  or  else  he  may 
have  seen  a  Greek  MS.  which  had  KVO-L  instead 
of  KvvapLois  in  verse  26,  or,  seeing  that  a 
contrast  was  intended,  as  the  incident 
demands,  he  wrote  canibus  and  catelli. 
Whatever  the  case  may  be,  he  adheres  to  the 
distinction  in  the  volume  just  mentioned, 
for  he  quotes  the  verses  as  they  stand  in  the 
Vulgate,  and  in  his  comments,  among  other 
things,  he  praises  the  woman's 

"  humilitas,;  qua  se  non  canibus,  sed  catulis 
comparat.  Canes  autem  ethnici  propter  idola- 
triam  dicuntur,  qui  esui  sanguinis  dediti,  et 
cadaveribus  mortuprum,  f eruntur  in  rabiem .... 
Scio  me,  inqu.it,  filiorum  panem  non  mereri,  nee 
integros  posse  capere  cibos  ;  nee  sedere  ad 
mensam  cum  patre,  sed  contenta  sum  reliquiis 
catulorum." — Pp.  228-9. 

The  other  Evangelist  who  mentions  this 
incident  is  St.  Mark  vii.  27-8.  He  wrote 
in  Greek,  his  Gospel  being  said  to  be  based 
to  a  certain  extent  on  that  of  his  predecessor. 
In  this  particular  case  he  uses  the  diminu- 
tive Kvvdpia  in  both  verses,  but  he  adds 
words  that  seem  to  support  the  Vulgate 
translation,  for  in  the  second  he  makes  the 
woman  say :  "  Yes,  Lord :  yet  the  dogs 
under  the  table  eat  of  the  children's  crumbs." 
This  is  what  we  find  in  the  Authorized  Ver- 
sion ;  but  it  is  incorrect,  for  the  Greek 
original  has  the  diminutive,  which  is  pro- 
perly rendered  by  St.  Jerome  as  catelli, 
and  as  "  whelps  "  in  the  Douay  Testament. 
The  full-grown  animal  was  an  abomination 
to  the  Jews.  "  The  general  term  '  dog ' 
in  the  Bible  is  never  used  except  as  ex- 

Eressive  of  disgust  "  (Oxford  '  Helps  to  the 
tudy  of  the  Bible,'  p.  301).  We  may 
therefore  be  sure  that  the  animal  was  never 
admitted  into  the  houses  when  the  inmates 
were  at  meals,  nor,  indeed,  at  other  times  ; 
but  I  am  fain  to  believe  that  the  playful 
little  whelps  or  puppies  were  allowed 
liberties  in  their  masters'  dwellings  which 
were  not  permitted  to  their  progenitors,  and 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  31,1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


523 


I  think  my  contention  is  amply  proved  by 
the  language  of  both  Evangelists,  and, 
especially,  by  the  words  "  whelps  under  the 
table." 

St.  Jerome  did  not  write  a  commentary  on 
St.  Mark's  Gospel,  but  Venerable  Bede  com- 
posed what  he  names  an  "  Expositio  "  of  it, 
which  is  pretty  much  the  same  thing,  and  is 
evidently  modelled  on  that  of  the  learned 
Father.  In  point  of  fact  he  says  in  his 
introduction  that  his  book  is  based  on  what 
he  has  found  "  in  Patrum  venerabilium 
exemplis,"  so  I  am  not  surprised  when  I  see 
St.  Jerome's  words,  already  quoted,  repro- 
duced under  this  passage  of  the  second 
Evangelist.  But  Bede  gives  us,  nevertheless, 
much  of  his  own  throughout  his  work. 
For  instance,  when  the  woman  says,  "  con- 
teiita  sum  reliquiis  catulorum"  in  Jerome's 
commentary,  Bede  adds  "  ut  humilitate 
micarum  ad  panis  integri  veniam  magni- 
tudinem  "  (Gaume's  ed-,  p.  152).  He  was 
not  ignorant  of  Greek.,  but  he  uses  the  Vul- 
gate version  all  through  his  treatise,  because 
it  was  the  accepted  authority  in  his  time, 
as  it  had  been  centuries  before  and  continued 
to  be  for  centuries  after,  and  it  has  lost  little 
or  nothing  of  its  fame  at  the  present  day 
with  scholars. 

In  Bloomfield's  '  Greek  and  English 
Lexicon  to  the  New  Testament '  (London, 
1840)  we  are  told  that  Kvvdpiov,  the  diminu- 
tive of  Ki'oji',  is  used  as  "  a  term  of  contempt," 
and  is  equivalent  to  our  word  "  cur."  As 
the  only  references  he  gives  are  to  the  verses 
in  Matthew  and  Mark,  I  do  not  accept  his 
conclusion,  for  reasons  already  given. 
When,  in  the  latter's  Gospel,  Jairus  calls  his 
daughter  Bvydrpiov  (filiola)  instead  of 
#vyaT?//3  (filia),  or  when  the  same  diminutive 
is  applied  to  the  woman  of  Canaan's  daughter 
(Mark  v.  23,  vii.  25),  nothing  but  affection 
is  implied.  It  seems  strange  that  in  both 
instances  the  Vulgate  has  filia  instead  of 
filiola,  which  is  a  good  word  used  by  Cicero 
himself.  Montanus,  to  whom  I  have  already 
referred,  does  not  fail  to  make  what  he  deems 
the  necessary  corrections.  I  have  said  that 
St.  Bernard^has  borrowed  part  of  his  lan- 
guage from  Luke  xvi.  20-21,  which  tells 
the  story  of  Dives  and  Lazarus  : — 

"  Et  erat  quidam  mendicus,  nomine  Lazarus, 
qui  iacebat  ad  ianuam  eius  [divitis],  ulceribus 
plcnus,  cupiens  saturari  de  micis,  quee  cadebant 
de  mensa  divitis,  et  nemo  illi  dabat ;  sed  et  canes 
veniebant,  et  lingebant  ulcera  eius." 

In  this  passage  it  is  evident  that  in  our 
English  translations  we  should  use  the  word 
'scraps"  instead  of  "crumbs,"  for  the 
rtiicce  here  mean  much  more  than  fragments 


of  bread.  The  refuse  of  the  banquet,  bones 
and  all,  was  tlirown  to  the  dogs  lying  outside 
the  door  together  with  the  beggar,  who,, 
being  a  leper,  was  looked  upon  as  unclean. 
These  were  the  ici'i/es,  the  pariah  or 
scavenger  dogs,  which  were  an  abomination 
to  the  Jews  and  other  Oriental  nations,  and 
have  been  quite  recently  deported  from  the 
streets  of  Constantinople.  It  shows  how 
forlorn  and  helpless  was  the  condition  of 
Lazarus  when  "  the  dogs  came  and  licked 
his  sores."  I  have  somewhere  read  that  a 
painter,  in  his  picture  of  the  expulsion  of' 
Adam  and  Eve  from  Paradise,  represents 
them,  by  a  happy  inspiration,  as  being 
followed  by  a  dog.  When  these  poor 
animals  fawned  on  the  beggar  in  his  utter 
abandonment,  it  seems  to  me  they  showed! 
their  affection  for  man,  which  has  been  their- 
instinct  from  time  immemorial. 

In  Hebrew  literature  there  is,  it  would 
appear,  nothing  that  can  be  quoted  in  the- 
sense  of  the  proverb  "  Love  me,  love  my 
dog."  In  Greek  there  is  the  beautiful  story 
of  the  recognition  of  his  quondam  master 
Ulysses  by  the  hound  Argos  in  the  seven- 
teenth book  of  the  '  Odyssey.'  This  episode 
certainly  suggests  the  sentiment  contained 
in  St.  Bernard's  words,  but  we  cannot  say  it  is 
expressed.  Furthermore,  the  dog  was  only 
a  whelp  when  Ulysses  went  to  Troy,  and,, 
as  he  was  away  from  Ithaca  about  twenty 
years,  it  follows  that  the  animal  must  have- 
been  above  that  age.  Wliether  a  dog's 
life  extends  to  such  a  span  may  well  be 
doubted,  but,  for  the  moment,  let  it  be 
granted  on  Homer's  authority,  which  is 
against  that  of  Aristotle,  Pliny  the  Elder, 
and  modern  writers.  Apart  from  that 
difficulty,  the  story  is  admirable. 

How  well  Sir  Walter  Scott  has  imitated! 
this  passage  may  be  seen  in  the  thirty- 
eighth  chapter  of  *  Old  Mortality  '  : — 

"  While  Mrs.  Wilson  was  thus  detailing  the 
last  moments  of  the  old  miser,  Morton  was 
pressingly  engaged  in  diverting  the  assiduous 
curiosity  of  the  dog,  which,  recovered  from  his 
first  surprise,  and  combining  former  recollec- 
tions, had,  after  much  snuffing  and  examina- 
tion, begun  a  course  of  capering  and  jumping 
upon  the  stranger  which  threatened  every  instant 
to  betray  him.  At  length,  in  the  urgency  of  his 
impatience,  Morton  could  not  forbear  exclaiming 
in  a  tone  of  hasty  impatience,  '  Down,  Elphin  I 
down,  sir  !  '  '  Ye  ken  our  dog's  name,'  said  the 
old  lady,  struck  with  great  and  sudden  surprise. 
'  Ye  ken  our  dog's  name,  and  it's  no  a  common 
ane.  And  the  creature  kens  you,  too,'  she  con* 
tinned,  in  a  more  agitated  and  shriller  tone. 
«  God  guide  us  !  it's  my  ain  bairn  !  '  ' 

Elphin  was,  we  are  told  earlier  in  the  same 
chapter,  "a  small  cocking  spaniel,  once  his 


524 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        m  s.  n.  DEC.  31, 1910. 


but    which,    unlike    to    the 
saw  his  master  return  from 


own  property 
faithful  Argus 
his  wanderings  without  any  sign  of  recogni- 
tion." But  the  little  dog  made  ample 
.amends,  and  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  the 
.animal,  when  it  is  of  moderate  size,  shows 
more  affection  towards  its  owner  than  those 
of  greater  bulk,  because  it  feels  its  master  is 
its  protector,  while  the  others  trust  more 
to  their  own  strength  and  courage. 

In  Latin  literature  Pliny  furnishes  many 
instances  of  the  dog's  fidelity  to  its  master, 
but  the  finest  tribute  paid  to  the  animal  is 
to  be  found  in  Martial's  '  Epitaphium  Canis 
Lydise '  (Epigrammatum  Lib.  XL,  Ixix.). 
She  is  thus  described  : — 

Amphitheatrales  inter  nutrita  magistros 
Venatrix,  sylvis  aspera,  blanda  domi, 
Lydia  dicebar,  domino  fidissima  Dextro. 

In  a  boar-hunt,  exhibited  in  the  arena  for 
the  delectation  of  the  Roman  populace, 
Lydia,  fighting  gamely  to  the  last,  was  killed 
by  the  thrust  of  the  furious  beast's  tusk. 
The  poet  represents  her  as  rejoicing  in  such 
A  death  : — 
Non  queror,  infernas  quamvis  cito  rapta  sub 

umbras  ; 
Non  potui  fato  nobiliore  mori. 

Here  we  have  the  old  Roman  glorification 
of  brute  courage,  the  fighting  spirit,  and  the 
contempt  of  death  ;  but  Lydia  has  less  con- 
nexion with  the  proverb  at  the  head  of  this 
note,  it  seems  to  me,  than  Argos,  immor- 
talized by  Homer.  The  Romans  employed 
the  dog  in  the  chase,  and  we  know  from  the 
•expression  "  Cave  canem  "  that  it  guarded 
their  houses  ;  but  as  for  any  kind  feeling 
for  the  animal,  such  as  is  implied  in  St. 
Bernard's  words,  we  may  search  in  vain  in 
Greek  and  Latin  writers,  Homer  alone 
«xcepted.  One  would,  therefore,  conclude 
that  the  proverb  "  Qui  me  amat,  amat  et 
canem  meum,"  must  have  become  "popular" 
in  post-classical  times. 

JOHN  T.  CURRY. 


EPITAPHIANA. 

TAMOSIN  LYDE. — On  a  heart-shaped  tablet 
in  Stoke  Gabriel  Church,  Devon  : — 
To  the  Memory  of  Tamosin, 
Wife  of  Peter  Lyde,  deceased 
ye  25  of  February,  MDCLXIII. 
Long  may  thy  name  as  long  as  marble  last 
Beloved  Tamosin  under  clods  heer  cast 
This  formale  heart  doth  truly  signify 
Twixt  wife  and  husband  cordial  unity 
If  to  be  gracious  doth  require  its  praise 
Let  Tamosin  have  it  she  deserves  ye  bayes. 
This  was  copied  recently  on  the  spot. 

W.  B.  H. 


SMALLPOX  EPITAPH. — A  striking  instance 
of   the   terror   excited   by   an   outbreak   of 
smallpox  is  to  be  seen  upon  a  headstone  in 
the  churchyard  at  Hemel  Hempstead.     It 
commemorates      William      Jennings,      late 
governor   of   the   workhouse,    who   died   of 
smallpox  1  December,  1758,  aged  50  : — 
Like  Job,  my  wife  and  children  dear, 
And  friends  likewise,  all  ilew  for  fear 

Of  my  distemper  sore. 
But  hope  go  unto  them  for  me, 
That  we  shall  meet  once  more  to  be 
With  Christ  for  evermore. 

W.  B.  GERISH. 

FLINT  STONE  MEMORIAL. — In  Stevenage 
Churchyard,  Hertfordshire,  at  the  foot  of  a 
grave  which  has  the  usual  headstone, 
recording  Benjamin  Bates,  died  1863,  Eliza 
his  wife,  died  1866,  and  Drusilla  their 
daughter,  died  1889,  there  is  an  unusually 
large  flint  stone,  with  a  tablet  thereon 
inscribed  : — 

I  am  a  big  flint  stone.  I  was  brought  up 
out  of  the  grave  in  the  year  1863,  which  was 
dug  ten  feet  deep  to  make  room  for  the  remains 
of  those  whose  spirits  have  ilown  above,  which 
I  hope  are  in  heaven  at  rest. 

W.  B.  GERISH. 

TOMBSTONE   DATED    31   APRIL. — Saunter- 
ing  around   the    churchyard   of    the    parish 
church  at   St.    Helier,   in  Jersey,   lately,   I 
came  upon  a  tombstone,  lying  flat,  with  the 
following  curious  inscription  : — 
P.  H.  Durell  Junr 
D^cede   ye   31    Avril   1755 
Age  de  4  ans.     8  mos. 

As  an  instance  of  the  fallibility  of  tomb- 
stone dates,  this  may  be  worth  recording. 
ANDREW  HOPE. 

TWELVETREE  EPITAPH.  —  In  connexion 
with  the  discussion  on  the  surname  Twelve 
(see  10  S.  xii.  149,  196,  257,  318)  it  may 
be  of  interest  to  record  the  following  inscrip- 
tion, which  I  copied  from  a  headstone  in  the 
churchyard  of  Old  Weston,  Hunts,  last  year  : 

In  |  Memory  of  Ann  the  Wife  of  William 
Twelvetree  |  who  died  Jan.  the  31st  1771  1 
Aged  24  years. 

This  is  the  only  inscription  to  the  name 
in  the  churchyard,  and  there  are  no  Twelve- 
tree  inscriptions  in  the  church. 

CHAS.  HALL  CROUCH. 

48,  Nelson  Road,  Stroud  Green,  X. 

PEEL  CEMETERY,  ISLE  OF  MAN. — In  this 
cemetery  there  is  this  curious  epitaph  : — 

Hie  jacet  (heu!)  stat  nominis  umbra.  Ob. 
21st  March,  1861,  ret.  86. 

I  was  told  that  the  epitaph  was  written  by 
some  one  of  the  name  of  Green  who  was 


ii  H.  11.  DEC.  31,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


525 


disappointed  by  not  receiving  a  legacy  from 
the  deceased.  Those  who  have  access  to 
the  cemetery  register  might  give  the  name 
of  the  deceased  or  of  the  disappointed  one. 

M.A. 

BERMUDA  INSCRIPTION. — The  following 
inscription  was  pointed  out  to  me  during 
my  visit  to  Bermuda  last  summer.  It 
occurs  on  a  tomb  in  the  cemetery  of  St. 
Peter's  Church  at  St.  George's,  the  former 
capital  ;  and  apparently  commemorates 
the  death  of  a  youthful  white  colonist : — 

Here  lieth  the  Body  of 

Mrs.  Mary  Bell,  wife  of  Dr.  Richard  Bell, 
Who  departed  this  life  the  13th  of  March,  1783. 

Aged  17  years. 
Also  their  two  Daughters, 
Who  died  April,  1783. 
One   aged   two   years,    the 
Other  three  Weeks. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

WEST  MEON  ROADSIDE  CROSS.  —  In  a 
small  enclosure  in  the  centre  of  the  village 
of  West  Meon,  Hants,  not  far  from  the  rail- 
way station,  I  came  across  this  summer  a 
wayside  cross  bearing  the  following  inscrip- 
tion, which  ought  to  be  recorded  in  '  N.  &  Q.': 

The  Sign 

of  the  Son  of  Man 

In  former  times 

Another  cross 

stood 
on  this  same  spot 

or  near  it 
George  Vining  Rogers 

1777-1840 

more  than  forty  years 
a  medical  practitioner 

in  West  Meon 

Marv  Anne  Rogers 

"  his  wife 

1783-1873 

Erected  to  their 

memory  by  the  last 

surviving  of  their 

sixteen  children 

1901. 

T.  CANN  HUGHES,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 
Lancaster. 


ISOLA  FAMILY. — The  family  of  Isola, 
if  only  for  the  sake  of  Lamb's  Emma,  have 
a  special  interest  for  the  literary  world. 
Agostino  Isola  had,  as  is  well  known,  Words- 
worth as  a  pupil.  Gunning  in  his  '  Reminis- 
cences of  Cambridge  '  (vol.  ii.  p.  74)  speaks 
of  him  and  his  son  thus,  the  occasion  being 
the  election  in  1797  of  an  Esquire  Bedell  at 
Cambridge  : — 

"  The  father  was  generally  beloved,  particularly 
by  his  pupils,  who  were  very  numerous.  There 
was  a  great  desire  amongst  the  members  of  the 
University,  particularly  among  those  of  his  own 


college  [Emmanuel],  to  do  something  for  his  son, 
who  was  a  man  of  inoffensive  manners,  and  had 
not,  I  believe,  an  enemy  in  the  world  ;  but  his 
shyness  and  reserve  were  so  great  that  it  pained 
him  to  mix  in  society." 

Gunning  gave  his  support  to  the  rival 
candidate,  John  Ellis,  but  learnt  to  appre- 
ciate Isola,  who  was  chosen  by  a  large 
majority  : — 

"  We  held  office  together  for  sixteen  years  in 
the  most  perfect  harmony.  I  found  him  kind  and 
accommodating,  and  ready  to  undertake  all  the 
duties  that  did  not  include  the  necessity  of  dining 
in  a  large  party,  to  which  he  had  an  insuperable 
objection.  It  was  with  much  regret  I  followed 
him  to  his  grave." 

I  give  this  record  of  the  Isolas,  as  Gunning's 
book  is,  I  believe,  out  of  print. 

HIPPOCLIDES. 

DR.  JOHNSON  IN  THE  HUNTING  FIELD. — 
I  wish  to  share  with  hunting  men  and 
women  who  read  '  N.  &  Q.'  the  mental 
spectacle  of  Dr.  Johnson  with  the  hounds. 
I  take  my  material  from  The  Periodical 
for  this  month  of  December,  which  in  draw- 
ing attention  to  Prof.  Raleigh's  '  Six  Essays 
on  Johnson '  gives  the  following  delightful 
passage  : — 

"  Johnson  rode  on  Mrs.  Thrale's  old  hunter, 
which  must  have  been  a  strong  and  trustworthy 
beast,  for  its  rider  was  heavy  and  short-sighted* 
He  would  follow  the  hounds  fifty  miles  on  end, 
but  would  never  own  himself  tired  or  amused. 
His  comment  on  this  much-esteemed  sport  is 
worthy  of  the  author  of  '  Rasselas  '  and  '  The 
Vanity  of  Human  \Vishes.'  '  I  have  now  learned/ 
said  he,  '  by  hunting,  to  perceive  that  it  is  no 
diversion  at  all,  nor  ever  takes  a  man  out  of 
himself  for  a  moment ;  the  dogs  have  less  sagacity 
than  I  could  have  prevailed  on  myself  to  suppose  ; 
and  the  gentlemen  often  call  to  me  not  to  ride 
over  them.  It  is  very  strange,  and  very  melan- 
choly, that  the  paucity  of  human  pleasures  should 
persuade  us  ever  to  call  hunting  one  of  them.'  " 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

FALSTAFF'S  "FOOD  FOR  POWDER": 
JUSTIFICATION  OF  *  2  HENRY  IV.,'  III.  ii. 
— From  Part  XII.  of  the  Historical  Manu- 
scripts Commission  Report,  which  has  just 
appeared,  it  is  plain  that  the  "  food  for 
powder  "  presented  to  Falstaff  at  Mr. 
Justice  Shallow's  was  on  a  par  with  that 
which  was  actually  offered  when,  in  the 
reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  there  was  a  call  for 
men  for  fighting  purposes  in  Ireland  and 
the  Netherlands.  The  new  volume  deals 
with  the  Cecil  MSS.  ;  and  I  take  my  note 
from  a  little  paragraph  concerning  it  which 
appeared  in  The  Morning  Post  of  17  Decem- 
ber, and  helped  to  give  cheer  to  the  day  :— 

"  Of  the  character  of  the  men  furnished  by  the 
counties  it  is  said,  for  example,  that  '  Northamp- 


526 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [ii  s.  n.  DEC.  31, 1910. 


ton  has  sent  very  ill  men,  not  forty  good  ones  ; 
never  a  county  send  such  men  hither  as  they.' 
Sir  Edward  Wingfield  expressed  the  wish  that  he 
'  might  have  been  a  painter  that  he  might  have 
sent  a  picture  of  these  creatures  that  have  been 
brought  to  him  to  receive  for  soldiers,  and  then 
Sir  Robert  Cecil  would  have  wondered  where 
England  or  Wales  had  hidden  so  many  strange, 
decrepit  people  so  long,  except  they  had  been 
kept  in  hospitals.'  From  Bristol  came  the  protest 
that  out  of  twelve  shires  appointed  to  bring  eight 
hundred  men  thither,  '  excepting  some  two  or 
three  shires,  there  was  never  man  beheld  such 
strange  creatures  brought  to  any  muster.  They 
are  most  of  them  either  old,  lame,  diseased,  boys, 
or  common  rogues.  Few  of  them  have  any 
clothes  ;  small,  weak,  starved  bodies  ;  taken  up 
in  fairs,  markets,  and  highways  to  supply  the 
places  of  better  men  kept  at  home.'  " 

ST.  SwiTHIN. 

THOMAS  DOVER. — Prof.  William  Osier  in 
his  *  Alabama  Student  and  Biographical 
Essays,'  1908,  remarks  in  his  memoir  of 
*  Thomas  Dover,  Physician  and  Buccaneer,' 
p.  36,  that 

"  Dover  is  stated  by  Munk  to  have  died  in  1741 
or  1742,  probably  the  latter,  but  his  name  does 
not  appear  in  the  register  of  deaths  in  The  Gentle- 
man's Magazine  in  either  of  those  years." 

This  is  the  case,  but  it  does  appear  in 
The  London  Magazine  for  1742,  being  the  last 
of  the  deaths  recorded  for  the  month  of 
April : — 

"  Dr.  Tho.  Dover,  famous  for  administring 
Quicksilver  to  his  Patients,  in  the  85th  Year  of  his 
Age." 

W.  P.  COURTNEY. 

"  FIDDLES  "  AT  SEA.  —  Meaning  3  of 
"  fiddle  "  in  the  '  N.E.D.'  gives  :  "  Some- 
thing resembling  a  fiddle  in  shape  or  appear- 
ance :  a,  Nautical  (see  quot.  1867)."  The 
quotation  says  "  a  contrivance  to  prevent 
things  from  rolling  off  the  table  in  bad 
weather."  How  came  the  contrivance  by 
its  name  ?  An  earlier  quotation,  1865, 
simply  mentions  the  word  in  the  same  sense. 
But  it  must  be  of  far  earlier  date.  I  first 
saw  fiddles  at  sea  in  1862  ;  they  were  exactly 
like  those  used  at  present,  wooden  frames 
hitched  on  to  the  table,  and  without  the 
slightest  resemblance  to  a  violin.  But 
when  I  was  crossing  the  Mediterranean  last 
year  in  a  French  cargo-steamer,  "  les  violons" 
were  fastened  on  to  the  tables,  and  they 
showed  me  at  once  the  origin  of  the  term. 
Along  the  table  stretched  four  pair  of  cords  : 
in  each  pair  the  lower  cord  was  about  an 
inch  from  the  table,  the  upper  cord  a  couple  of 
inches  higher.  Right  and  left  of  each  place 
at  table  was  a  bridge  with  four  pair  of  holes 
for  the  cords  to  pass  through,  and  at  each 
end  of  the  table  these  converged  to  two 


eyes  lashed  to  its  edge.  The  table  thus 
resembled  a  fiddle  with  an.  upper  and 
lower  set  of  strings  passing  through  several 
bridges.  The  arrangement  is  described 
under  "  violon  "  in  Littre. 

EDWARD  NICHOLSON. 
Paris. 

"  PUCKLED." — Iii  Joseph  Webbe's  '  The 
Familiar  Epistles  of  M.  T.  Cicero  Englished 
and  Conferred  with  the  French  Italian  and 
other  translations.  London  printed  by 
Edward  Griffin,"  no  date,  c.  1620,  Book  XIII., 
Epist.  15,  is  this  line,  p.  713  :— 

Thus,  was  I  puckled  in  a  foggie  mist. 
It  stands  for  the  Greek  quoted  by  Cicero  :— 

'12s  ve0e\?7  tKoXwfie  /j.e\aiva. 

See  '  Odyssey,'  xxiv.  315. 
The     '  New     English     Dictionary '     has 
"  Puckle.     Obs.  A  kind  of  bugbear." 

It  is  not  obvious  what  "  puckled  "  means. 
Apparently  the  line  is  used  by  Cicero  as  the 
conclusion  of  a  paragraph  meaning  "  Thus 
I  was  puzzled  by  opposing  arguments " 
or  "  Thus  I  fell  into  error." 

Melmoth  in  his  translation  of  the  Letters 
(Book  X.  Let. 24)  has 
Too  easy  dupe  of  flattery's  specious  voice, 
Darkling  I  stray'd  from  wisdom's  better  choice. 
ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

WlLBERFORCE        AND        THORNTON.  The 

General  Evening  Post  (London),  7-10  July, 
1792,  contained  the  following  paragraph  :— 
"  Mr.  Thornton  is  about  to  build  a  magnificent 
mansion  at  Clapham  Common  for  his  friend  Mr. 
Wilberforce."  w  ROBERTS. 

'  THE  METHODIST  '  :  AUTHOR  OF  THE 
COMEDY.  —  The  year  following  Samuel 
Foote's  'Minor'  (1760),  a  comedy  entitled 
'  The  Methodist '  was  "  printed  for  I. 
Pottinger,  in  Ave-Marie-Lane."  The  title- 
page  describes  the  piece  as  "  being  a  Con- 
tinuation and  Completion  of  the  Plan  of  the 
Minor,  Written  by  Mr.  Foote,"  &c.  ^ 

Although  it  was  well  known  in  the 
eighteenth  century  that  Pottinger  was  the 
author  of  this  dirty  satire,  there  has  been 
much  confusion  about  it,  and  it  is  often 
ascribed  to  Foote.  The  trouble  arises  from 
the  words  "Written  by  Mr.  Foote,"  which 
stand  in  a  line  by  themselves  on  the  title- 
page  of  the  first  printed  edition  of  the  piece, 
leaving  the  impression  that  they  refer  to 
'  The  Methodist.'  By  an  examination  of 
the  punctuation,  it  will  be  seen  that  the  line 
"  Written  by  Mr.  Foote  "  can  refer  only  to 
'  The  Methodist.'  WATSON  NICHOLSON. 

Authors'  flub,  S.W. 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  31, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


527 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

"  ALL,  COMES  OUT  EVEN  AT  THE  END  or 
THE  DAY." — In  a  speech  delivered  at  the 
Highbury  Athenaeum  on  the  night  of 
23  November  last  Mr.  Winston  Churchill  said : 
"  Well  was  it  said  by  an  old  writer,  '  All 
comes  out  even  at  the  end  of  the  day.'  " 

Who  is  the  writer  quoted  ?  And 
what  is  the  exact  meaning  of  his  saying  ? 
Is  it  an  English  rendering  of  what  Bismarck 
expressed  thus:  "Abends  um  neune  1st 
alles  vorbei "  ?  The  consideration  that 
even  the  most  violent  struggles  and  the 
bitterest  heart-pangs  must  come  to  an  end 
ought  to  inspire  that  don't-carishness 
( Wurschtigkeit)  which  the  great  statesman 
recommended  so  much,  but  did  not  always 
feel  at  critical  moments.  G.  KRTJEGER. 
Berlin. 

R's  OF  SAILORS. — In  'Anecdotes  of  the 
Manners  and  Customs  of  London  during 
the  Eighteenth  Century,'  by  James  Peller 
Malcolm,  2nd  ed.,  1810,  vol.  ii.  pp.  57,  58,  is 
an  account  of  how  a  large  number  of  sailors 
demanded  from  the  magistrates,  then 
(March  or  possibly  1  April,  1763)  assembled 
at  "  The  Black -horse  near  the  Victualling- 
office,"  the  release  of  some  comrades,  which 
was  granted,  and  then  of  certain  women. 
The  latter  demand  being  refused,  the 
number  of  sailors  increased  till  there  were, 
"  it  is  said,"  more  than  a  thousand.  Soldiers 
arrived  at  the  request  of  the  magistrates, 
and  the  Riot  Act  was  read  three  times.  The 
officer  commanding  was  on  the  point  of 
ordering  his  men  to  fire  when 
"a  naval  officer  made  his  appearance  in  front  of 
the  Sailors,  and  intreated  the  order  might  be 
reserved  till  he  had  endeavoured  to  convince  his 
brethren  of  the  impropriety  of  their  conduct.  He 
then  addressed  himself  to  the  Sailors,  and  said 
they  would  forfeit  the  favour  of  the  King,  who 
haa  promised  to  take  off  their  R's  ;  to  which  he 
added  other  arguments,  and  at  length  prevailed 
upon  two- thirds  of  them  to  follow  him  to  Tower- 
hill,  where  he  dismissed  them/' 

Eventually  an  escort  on  the  way  to 
Clerkenwell  Bridewell  was  overtaken  by  a 
party  of  sailors  in  Chiswell  Street,  and  "  the 
Serjeant  wisely  determined  to  resign  his 
charge "  (eight  of  the  women)  after  one 
of  his  men  had  fired  and  wounded  a  sailor  and 
a  baker. 

What  is  or  was  the  meaning  of  sailors' 
R's  ?  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


RIDDLE  OF  CLARET.  —  The  '  N.E.D.' 
defines  a  riddle  of  claret  as  "  thirteen 
bottles,  a  magnum  and  twelve  quarts.  The 
name  comes  from  the  fact  that  the  wine  is 
brought  in  on  a  literal  riddle,"  giving  as  its 
authority  '  N.  &  Q.,'  7  S.  viii.  13  (1889).  No 
explanation,  however,  is  given  of  the  origin 
of  the  custom  of  serving  wine  in  this 
way,  or  why  a  riddle  was  first  used  for  the 
purpose. 

As  far  as  I  can  discover,  the  only 
occasions  on  which  claret  is  now  served  in  this 
manner  are  the  dinners  of  the  Royal  Company 
of  Archers  (the  King's  Bodyguard  for 
Scotland).  The  members  of  this  Company 
compete  for  various  prizes,  among  which  are 
the  Edinburgh  Arrow,  the  Musselburgh  Arrow, 
the  Selkirk  Arrow,  and  the  Peebles  Arrow. 
The  first-named  is  shot  for  every  year, 
the  Musselburgh  Arrow  occasionally;  the 
others  seldom,  if  ever,  nowadays.  After 
the  competition  the  Archers  dine  together, 
and  entertain  the  magistrates  and  Town 
Council  of  the  burgh  whose  arrow  was 
the  subject  of  competition.  The  magis- 
trates in  turn  present  the  Archers  with  a 
riddle  of  claret  "  in  accordance  with  ancient 
usage."  See  '  The  History  of  the  Royal 
Company  of  Archers,'  by  J.  Balfour  Paul, 
p.  319  (Win.  Blackwood  &  Sons,  1875).  The 
same  authority  tells  us  that  when  the  Peebles 
Arrow  was  shot  for  the  competitors  "  did 
full  justice  to  a  capital  dinner,  not  forgetting 
the  usual  riddle  of  claret  "  (p.  347).  WTe 
also  find  that  at  Selkirk  in  1823  "  a  riddle  and 
a  half  of  claret  "  was  given  by  the  town.  In 
the  same  year  at  Peebles  the  Provost  is 
described  as  "  kindly  giving  the  party  a 
bottomless  riddle  to  induce  them  to  come 
back  soon  again  "  (p.  137). 

The  Edinburgh  Arrow  was  shot  for  lately, 
and  at  the  dinner  which  was  given  a  few 
weeks  ago,  in  the  Archers'  Hall,  the  magis- 
trates and  Town  Council  were  entertained, 
and  presented  the  Company  with  the  usual 
"  riddle  of  claret."  Perhaps  some  of  the 
readers  of  *  N.  &  Q.'  may  be  able  to  throw 
some  light  on  this  old  custom. 

T.  F.  D. 

WATSON  FAMILY  AT  MILNHORN  AND 
BLACKLAW.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
assist  me  to  find  two  places  in  Scotland — 
Milnhorn  and  Blacklaw — where  some  ances- 
tors of  mine  (Watsons)  were  born  in  the 
beginning  of  the  eighteenth  century  ?  The 
names  appear  in  an  old  family  Bible. 

J.  M.  WESTLAND. 
323,  Woodstock  Road,  Oxford. 


528 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      [ii  s.  n.  itec.  m,  1910. 


QUAKER  OATS. — Has  this  much-adver- 
tised preparation  anything  to  gk>  with 
"  Quakers  "  and  "  quaking  grass,"  popular 
names  for  the  Briza  Media  ?  A.  S.  P. 

MATSELL'S  '  VOCABTJLUM.' — Can  any  one 
tell  me  whether  this  work  reached  a  second 
edition  ?  I  do  not  find  it  in  the  Brit.  Mus. 
Catalogue.  The  full  title  is  '  Vocabulum  ; 
or,  The  Rogue's  Lexicon.'  The  author,  Mr. 
George  W.  Matsell,  was  a  police  magistrate 
in  New  York,  where  the  book  was  published 
in  1859.  That  was  the  very  year  in  which 
Mr.  Sampson's  *  Slang  Dictionary '  (usually 
attributed  to  J.  C.  Hotten)  saw  the  light. 
The  two  works,  though  running  on  the  same 
line,  are  quite  independent  of  each  other  ; 
and  some  of  the  definitions  are  substantially 
different.  For  instance,  "  buzzing  "  in  the 
'  Vocabulum '  is  searching  for  a  thing ; 
in  the  '  S.  D.'  it  is  robbing.  "  Drumstick  " 
in  the  one  is  a  club,  in  the  other  a  leg.  "  To 
lurch  "  in  the  one  is  to  abandon,  in  the  other 
to  beat  at  cribbage.  "  Used  up  "  in  the 
one  is  killed  or  murdered ;  in  the  other, 
broken-hearted,  bankrupt,  fatigued,  van- 
quished. 

The  '  Vocabulum,'  which  I  suppose  to  be 
a    rare     book,    contains    pp.    130,    with    a 
portrait  of  the  author  and  three  other  cuts. 
RICHARD  H.  THORNTON. 

36,  Upper  Bedford  Place,  W. 

SS.  PROTHUS  AND  HYACINTHUS. — I  should 
be  greatly  obliged  if  any  of  your  readers 
could  infoim  me  of  any  pre-Reformation 
Churches  in  England  dedicated  to  SS. 
Prothus  and  Hyacinthus.  I  have  lately 
discovered  one  such  dedication  of  a  small 
Devonshire  village  church,  and  am  anxious 
to  learn  if  this  dedication  is,  as  I  fancy, 
almost  unique,  or  if  at  any  time  it  was  at  all 
common  in  England.  DEVONIA. 

HOLWELL  FAMILY. — I  should  feel  obliged 
for  any  information  respecting  the  Holwell 
family  of  Devonshire.  I  want  to  link 
together  John  Zephaniah  Holwell  who  died 
at  Cullompton  about  1820  and  John 
Zephaniah  Holwell,  Governor  of  Bengal, 
who  died  in  1798.  I  think  the  latter  held 
some  official  post  at  Calcutta  at  the  time 
of  the  tragedy  of  the  Black  Hole.  ( '  D.N.B. ' 
has  been  consulted.)  J.  T.  P. 

[Have  you  referred  to  10  S.  ix.  370,  455,  518  ;  x.  76  ?] 

"  OLD  COCK  o'  WAX." — This  expression 
was  used  by  a  witness  in  the  Cato  Street 
Conspiracy  trials.  Was  there  any  political 
meaning  in  it,  or  was  it  merely  a  popular 
saying  ?  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 


MONK  FAMILY.  —  Who  inherited  the 
property  at  Boreham,  Essex,  on  the  death 
of  the  second  Duke  of  Albemarle  ? 

Who  was  the  General  Monk  who  i& 
supposed  to  have  been  beheaded  about 
1750  ?  I  want  to  find  the  branch  of  the 
Monk  family  from  whom  a  family  I  am 
acquainted  with  are  descended.  They  have 
been  connected  with  Boreham  district  for 
generations.  S.  X. 

E.  FLETCHER,  PAINTER. — I  have  an  oil 
painting  (a  seascape)  by  "  E.  Fletcher."  I 
have  seen  reproductions  of  this  artist's  work, 
but  have  not  been  able  to  discover  whether 
he  is  a  painter  of  note  or  not.  Could  any 
of  your  readers  enlighten  me  ?  A.  C.  P. 

SHIP  LOST  IN  THE  FIFTIES.  —  Will  some 
reader  please  give  the  name  of  H.M.  ship 
which  foundered  some  time  during  the 
fifties  ?  All  hands  were  lost,  save  one 
named  Larcombe  of  Gosport,  Hants.  The 
names  of  lieutenants  and  midshipmen  belong- 
ing to  this  vessel  would  also  be  appreciated. 

LEAKE  AND  MARTIN-LEAKE  FAMILIES.— 
I  wish  to  learn  in  what  manner  Sarah  Leake 
or  Martin-Leake  was  related  to  Stephen 
Martin-Leake  of  Thorpe  Hall,  Essex.  He 
was  Garter  King-of-Arms,  and  died  in  1773. 
Sarah  Leake  was  probably  his  daughter, 
granddaughter,  or  daughter-in-law.  Her 
daughter  married  a  man  named  Worth  who 
lived  in  Stepney,  and  they  had  a  daughter, 
born  in  1800,  who  was  named  Louisa,  and 
married  Thomas  Howkins  in  1826. 

C.  HOTJKINS. 
Milverton,  Stoney  Lane,  Yardley,  Worcestershire. 

LAUGHTON-EN-LE-MORTHEN. — Wanted  in- 
formation as  to  the  present  place  of  deposit 
of  the  wills  of  this  Peculiar  before  the  year 
1700.  I  have  found  that  the  modern  wills 
for  this  court  came  from  the  Registry  of  the 
Dean  and  Chapter  of  York.  Does  any  one 
know  if  the  old  ones  remain  in  York  Minster  ? 
Hunter  in  his  '  Hallamshire  '  has  a  pedigree 
made  from  wills  of  ^this  Peculiar,  so  they 
cannot  have  been  astray  many  years. 

GERALD  FOTHERGILL. 

11,  Brussels  Road,  New  Wandsworth,  S.W. 

CANOVA'S  BUSTS  OF  MARS  AND  MINERVA. 
— There  are  at  present  in  the  Loan  Collection 
of  the  Science  and  Arts  Museum,  Dublin,  two 
very  fine  specimens  of  the  sculptor's  art. 
They  are  colossal  marble  busts  of  Mars  and 
Minerva,  and  are  said  to  be  the  work  of 
Canova,  They  were  hidden  away  in  a 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  31, 1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


529 


country  house  long  before  Canova  came  to 
fame,  and  are  consequently  not  mentioned 
in  any  writings  that  I  know  of  about  the 
celebrated  sculptor.  Can  your  readers  in- 
form me  where  I  can  see  other  marble  busts 
of  Mars  or  Minerva  ?  I  think  finer  speci- 
mens could  hardly  be  seen.  MARS. 

JOCELYN  FLOOD,  son  of  Warden  Flood  of 
Dublin,  was  admitted  on  the  foundation  at 
Westminster  School  in  1760.  Any  informa- 
tion concerning  him  is  desired. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

PHILIP  FOXWELL  was  educated  at  West- 
minster School  and  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, where  he  graduated  B.A.  1676. 
Further  particulars  of  his^  career  and  the 
date  of  his  death  are  required. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

"  WOODYER." — I  do  not  find  this  word 
in  the  '  Dialect  Dictionary,'  or  in  any  other. 
Is  it  synonymous  with  "  woodward,"  a 
forest  officer  who  looked  after  the  wood  and 
vert,  and  venison,  preventing  offences 
relating  to  the  same  ?  It  occurs  in  The 
Sussex  Weekly  Advertiser,  29  November, 
1802  :— 

To  Be  Sold 

Kight  acres  (little  more  or  less)  of  Underwood, 
of  14  and  15  yea  re  growth,  in  the  manor  and 
parish  of  Isfield,  two  miles  from  Uckfield  in  the 
county  of  Sussex. 

Apply  to  James  \\ratton,  at  Isfield,  the 
wot  »dyer,  who  will  shew  the  wood  ; — and  a  person 
will  attend  on  Monday  the  6th  day  of  December 
next,  at  the  Maidenhead  Inn,  at  Uckfield,  to  treat 
for  the  sale. 

N.B.  The  Underwoods  are  situated  close  to 
the  Ouse  navigation. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

HATCHMENT  IN  HYTHE  CHURCH. — In  the 
room  over  the  south  porch  of  Hythe  Church 
there  is  an  old  hatchment  bearing  the  arms 
of  Smythe  of  Westenhanger,  with  the  motto 
(not  that  of  Smythe)  "  Fama  Fides  Oculus," 
and  this  inscription,  "  To  the  remembrance 
of  a  faithfull  frinde,"  and  the  date  1638. 

This  hatchment  (it  is  not  quite  the  usual 
size)  formerly  hung  on  the  wall  of  the  north 
transept,  and  we  are  told  that  in  this  portion 
of  the  church  "  the  bailiff  and  jurats,  as 
the  civil  authorities  were  then  called,  met 
for  deliberation,  and,  we  hope,  for  prayer." 

Several  of  the  Smythe  family  represented 
Hythe  in  Parliament  from  1586  to  1660. 

What  can  have  been  the  object  of  the 
memorial  ?  R.  J.  FYNMOBE. 

•    Sand  gate. 


JUplies. 


MUNICIPAL    RECORDS    PRINTED. 
(US.  ii.  287,  450.) 

IN  continuing  the  list  at  the  latter  reference 
I  think  it  right  to  say  that  every  work 
mentioned  by  me  has  been  consulted  for  a 
certain  object,  and  the  list  could  have  been 
extended,  though  not  from  personal  know- 
ledge. 

Under  A  should  be  included — 
Alrewas  Court  Rolls,  1259    to    1261.     Win.    Salt 

Arch  Soc.,  New  Ser.,  x.  Pt.   I.  pp.  245-93. — 

Principal  events  and  names  in  General  Index 

of  the  volume  (1907). 

Under  Chester  should  be  added — 
Chester. — Loans,  Contributions,  Subsidies,  and 
Ship  Money  paid  by  the  Clergy  of  the  Diocese 
of  Chester,  in  the  years  1620,  1622,  1624,  1634, 
1635,  1636,  and  1639.  Publications  of  the 
Record  Soc.  for  Lancashire  and  Cheshire,  vol.  xii. 
pp.  43  to  129.  (1885.) 

I  now  take  up  the  list  from  my  previous 

reply  :— 

Derby. — Feudal  History  of  the  County  of  Derby, 
chiefly  in  the  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  and  Thir- 
teenth Centuries,  by  J.  P.  Yeatman.  I.  (1886.) 

II.  (1889.)     III.      (1895.)      IV.      (1903.)      V. 
(1907.) — The    work   is   mostly   a   collection   of 
records  from  public  and  private  sources.     All 
but  the   last   volume   have   indexes   of   names 
and  places. 

Devon.  —  Subsidy  Rolls.  '  Notes  and  Glean- 
ings,' III.  118,  157.  IV.  13.  V.  188.— Vol. 

III.  Index.     None  to  Vol.  V. 

Devon  and  Cornwall. — The  Laws  and  Customs  of 
the  Stannaries  in  the  Counties  of  Cornwall 
and  Devon.  By  T.  Pearce.  (1725.) — Table 
at  end. 

Doncaster. — A  Calendar  to  the  Records  of  the 
Borough  of  Doncaster.  Vol.  I.  (1899.)  Royal 
Charters  and  Ancient  Title  Deeds.  1194-1688. 
1086-1838. 

Vol.  II.  (1900.)  Court  Rolls  of  Doncaster, 
Rossington,  Hexthorpe,  and  Long  Sandall. 
1454-1687. 

Vol.  III.  (1903.)  Court  Rolls  of  Doncaster. 
1572-1600. 

Vol.  IV.  (1902.)  Courtiers  of  the  Corpora- 
tion. 1559-1822. 

Each  volume  indexed. 

Dorset. — Full  Abstracts  of  the  Feet  of  Fines 
relating  to  the  County  of  Dorset,  remaining  in 
the  Public  Record  Office,  London,  from  their 
commencement  in  the  reign  of  Richard  I. 
Dorset  Records.  Vol.  V.  Index  Loco- 
rum  et  Nominum.  (1896.) — The  remainder 
of  the  volume  is  not  indexed,  but  the  matter  is 
carried  on  in  Vol.  VII.  pp.  113-368.— In  pro- 
gress. (1909.) 

Dover. — Dover  Charters  and  other  documents 
in  the  possession  of  the  Corporation  of  Dover. 
From  1227  to  1569.  By  the  Rev.  S.  P.  H. 
Statham,  B.A.  (1902.) — Index  of  names  and 
places. 


530 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       en  s.  IL  DEC.  31,  wio. 


Dublin. — A  Short  State  of  the  Case  of  the  Cor- 
poration of  Trinity  Guild,  Dublin,  with  an 
Alphabetical  List  of  the  Freemen,  also  of  the 
Council.  (1749.) — 1691  to  1749. 

The  Dublin  Gild  of  Carpenters,  Millers, 
Masons,  and  Heliers,  in  the  Sixteenth  Century. 
(1905.)  Journal  of  the  Royal  Society  of 
Antiquaries  of  Ireland,  xxxv.  321-37. — Many 
names  and  lists,  but  no  Index. 

Dundee. — Charters,  Writs,  and  Public  Docu- 
ments of  the  Royal  Burgh  of  Dundee,  the 
Hospital,  and  Johnston's  Bequest,  1292- 
1880.  With  Inventory  of  the  Town's  Writs 
Annexed.  (1880. ) — Chronological  Table  of  Con- 
tents, and  Index. 

Roll  of  Eminent  Burgesses  of  Dundee,  1513- 
1886.  By  A.  Millar.  (1887.) — Chronological 
list,  and  General  Index. 

Durham. — Durham  Records. — Cursitor's  Records, 
1333-45.  Reports  of  Deputy-Keeper  of  the 
Public  Records,  XXXI.  App.,  pp.  42-168. 
(1870.)— Ibid.,  XXXII.  App.  I.  1345-81,  pp. 
264-330.  (1871:)— Ibid.,  XXXIII.  1388-1405. 
App.,  pp.  43-210.  (1872.)— Ibid.,  XXXIV. 
Cursitor's  Records,  Chancery  Enrolments.  App., 
pp.  163-264.  (1873.)— Ibid.,  XXXV.  1457-76. 
App.,  pp.  76-156.  (1874.) — Ibid.,  XXXVI. 
1485-94.  App.,  pp.  1-160.  (1875.)— Ibid., 
XXXVII.  App.  I.  pp.  1-171.  (18760 — 
Ibid.,  XL.  App.,  pp.  480-520.  (1879.)— Ibid., 
XLIV.  App.,  pp.  310-542.  (1883.)— 76  id., 
XLV.  App.,  pp.  153-282.  (1885.)  —  Lists 
alphabetical. 

Edinburgh. — Inventory  of  the  Selected  Charters 
and  Documents  from  the  Charter  House  of  the 
City  of  Edinburgh.  (1884.) 

Extracts  from  the  Records  of  Edinburgh. — 
I.  The  Burgh  of  Edinburgh.  A.D.  1403-1528. 
— List  of  Provosts,  &c.,  1296-1529. — List  of 
Governors,  Keepers,  and  Constables  of  the 
Castle  of  Edinburgh,  1107-1527. — List  of  the 
Sheriffs  and  Sheriffs  Depute  of  the  Shire  of 
Edinburgh,  1143-1513. — Parliaments  and  Gene- 
ral Councils  of  Scotland. — The  Provincial 
Councils,  &c.,  of  the  Scottish  Clergy,  and  the 
Conventions  of  the  Royal  Burghs  of  Scotland, 
held  at  Edinburgh,  1139-1527. — Abstract  of 
Charters,  &c.  (1869.) — Scottish  Burgh  Records 
Society. 

II.  1528-57.     (1871.) 

III.  1557-71.     (1875.) 

IV.  1573-89.     (1882.) — At  end  :    List  of  the 
Provosts,     Bailies,     Councillors,     Deacons     ol 
Crafts,  and  other  office-bearers  of  the  City  oi 
Edinburgh,  1573-89. 

V.  1403-1589.     (1892.)— Index   to   the   four 
vols.  and  a  Glossary. 

Extracts  from  the  Records  of  the  Burgh  ol 
the  Canongate  near  Edinburgh,  1561-88.  Mis- 
cellany of  the  Maitland  Club,  Vol.  II.  pp.  281- 
359.  (1840.) — There  is  a  small  Index  at  the 
end  of  the  volume,  in  the  General  Index. 

Charters  and  other  Documents  relating  to 
the  City  of  Edinburgh,  1143-1540.  Scottish 
Burgh^  Records  Society.  (1871.) — Index. 

The*   Hammermen    of    Edinburgh. ..  .Being 
Extracts  from  the  Records  of  the  Incorporation 
of  Hammermen  of  Edinburgh,   1494  to   1558 
By  John  Smith.     (1907.) — Index  of  Names. 

Extracts  from  the  Buik  of  the  General  Kirk 
of  Edinburgh,  1574  to  1601.     Miscellany  of  th 
Maitland  Club,  pp.  97-126.     (1834.) 


The  Register  of  Apprentices  of  the  City  of 
Edinburgh,  1583  -  1666.  By  F.  J.  Grant. 
(1906.)  —  Scottish  Record  Society.  Strictly 
alphabetical. 

The  Records  of  the  Proceedings  of  the 
Justiciary  Court,  Edinburgh,  1661-78.  By 
W.  G.  Scott-Moncrieff.  Scottish  History 
Society.  I.  1661-9.  II.  1669-78.  (1905.) — 
Index  of  Names  to  each  volume. 

Elgin. — The  Records  of  Elgin,  1234-1800.  —  By 
Wm.  Cramond  and  the  Rev.  S.  Ree.  New 
Spalding  Club.  I.  (1903.)  II.  (1908.)— In- 
dices of  Persons,  Places,  Subjects. 

Extracts  from  Elgin  Kirk  Session  Records. 
By  Wm.  Cramond.  1584-1779. — At  end  : 
Brief  Record  of  the  Ministers  of  Elgin  from  the 
Reformation,  1563-1894.  (1897.) 
ly. — Sacrist  Rolls  of  Ely.  By  F.  R.  Chapman. 
I.  Notes  on  Transcripts.  II.  Transcripts, 
Glossary,  and  Index.  (1907.) 

Essex. — Orders  and  Instructions  framed  and 
issued  for  the  Superintendents  and  Constables 
of  the  Essex  Constabulary,  by  J.  B.  B.  McHardy . 
(1840.) 

Exeter. — Exeter  City  Muniments.  '  Notes  and 
Gleanings,'  II.  7,  27,  33,  57,  74,  83,  105,  123, 
136,  157,  163,  187.  III.  5,  24,  38,  55,  74,  91, 
99,  120,  140,  147,  169,  188.  IV.  9,  25,  38,  57, 
76,  89,  108,  128,  145,  153,  168,  185.  V.  IS, 
40,  81,  91,  109,  112,  119,  136,  152,  171. 
(1888-1892.) — Vols.  I.-III.  have  Contents,  and. 
Index  ;  Vols.  IV.  and  V.  have  neither.  The 
Exeter  lists  are  chronological. 

An  Elizabethan  Guild  of  the  City  of  Exeter. 
An  Account  of  the  Proceedings  of  the  Society 
of  Merchant  Adventurers  during  the  latter  half 
of  the  sixteenth  century.  By  Wm.  Cotton. 
(1873.) — Index  to  Names  and  General  Index. 

A.  RHODES. 

(To  be  continued.) 


MB.  RHODES  under  A,  B,  and  C  has  not 
included  the  following  : — 

Aberdeen. — Extracts  from  the  Council  Register 
of  the  Burgh  of  Aberdeen.  1398-1625.  2  vols. 
[Edited  by  John  Stuart  for]  The  Spalding 
Club.  (1844-8.) 

Extracts  from  the  Council  Register  of  the 
Burgh  of  Aberdeen.  1625-1747.  2  vols. 
[Edited  by  John  Stuart  for]  The  Scottish  Burgh 
Records  Society.  (1871-2.) 

Charters  and  other  Writs  illustrating  the 
History  of  the  Royal  Burgh  of  Aberdee  n.  1171- 
1804.  Edited  by  P.  J.  Anderson  for  the  Town 
Council.  (1890.) 

Records  of  the  Sheriff  Court  of  Aberdeen. 
Edited  by  D.  Littlejohn  for  the  New  Spalding 
dub. — This  is  in  3  vols.,  dated  1904-6. 
Banff. — The  Annals  of  Banff.  2  vols.  Edited 
by  William  Cramond  for  the  New  Spalding 
Club.  1891-3. 

Cupar. — Charters  and  other  Muniments  belong- 
ing to  the  Royal  Burgh  of  Cupar.  Edited  by 
George  Home,  (Cupar-Fife,  1882.) 

P.  J.  ANDERSON. 
Aberdeen 'University  Library. 


ii  B.  ii.  DEC.  si,  1910.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


531 


Barnstaple.  —  An  Index  to  the  two 
volumes  of  the  Records  of  this  borough 
was  issued  soon  after  the  publication  of  the 
volumes.  To  prevent  misunderstanding,  I 
would  state  that  fair  transcripts  of  the 
original  documents  are  contained  in  these 
volumes,  which  consist  chiefly  of  extracts 
relating  the  principal  incidents  in  the 
history  of  the  town,  and  illustrating  the 
manners,  customs,  and  municipal  govern- 
ment of  its  inhabitants  at  different  periods. 
THOS.  WAINWBIGHT. 

Barnstaple. 

Bath.— Mr.  Austin  J.  King  and  Mr.  B.  H. 
Watts  (Town  Clerk)  published,  "  with  the 
approval  of  the  Town  Council,  and  at  the 
special  request  of  the  Bath  literary  Society," 
the  first  portion  of  '  The  Municipal  Records  of 
Bath.'  The  period  covered  is  1189  to  1604. 
There  is  no  date  on  the  title-page,  but  foot- 
notes show  that  publication  is  since  Novem- 
ber, 1884.  Both  authors  are  dead.  They 
promised  a  continuation  of  the  Records 
which  they  had  "  in  preparation,"  and  there 
was  also  to  be  an  Index.  I  am  not  aware 
that  they  lived  to  redeem  their  promise,  or 
that  any  other  hand  has  taken  up  the 
work.  The  published  portion  deals  with 
some  charters,  and  (in  appendices)  gives 
lists  of  charters,  grants,  writs,  commissions, 
deeds,  and  wills.  There  are  also  extracts 
from  the  Chamberlain's  accounts. 

Bristol. — There  are  many  printed  books 
dealing  with  our  municipal  records.  The 
Corporation  published  '  The  Little  Red 
Book '  mentioned  by  MB.  RHODES.  It  has 
also  (November,  1909)  published  a  '  Calendar 
of  the  Charters,  &c.,  of  the  City  and  County 
of  Bristol,'  compiled  by  the  late  John 
Latimer,  and  edited  by  Alderman  W.  R. 
Barker,  chairman  of  the  Museum  and  Art 
Gallery  Committee  of  the  Corporation. 
There  is  no  Index,  but  a  useful  abstract  is 
printed  at  the  end. 

And  besides  this  Calendar  and  the  book 
of  Charters  (1736)  named  by  MB.  RHODES, 
there  are  others,  notably  "  the  Charters 
and  Letters  Patent  granted  by  the  Kings 
and  Queens  of  England  to  the  Town  and 
City  of  Bristol.  Newly  translated,  and 
accompanied  by  the  original  Latin.  By 
the  Rev.  Samuel  Seyer,  M.A."  (1812).  No 
Index. 

John  Latimer's  '  Annals  of  Bristol '  also 
include  '  Annals  of  the  Nineteenth  Century,' 
and  '  Sixteenth-Century  Bristol,'  a  posthum- 
ous    book     (1908).     The     second     Latimer 
.published  as  a  series  of  newspaper  articles 


under  the  title  of  '  The  Corporation  of  Bristol 
in  the  Olden  Time.'  It  is  chiefly  founded 
on  extracts  from  the  civic  account-books, 
deeds  and  documents,  and  the  minutes  of  the 
Privy  Council.  Each  book  has  an  Index. 

MB.  RHODES  is  mistaken  in  saying  that 
Latimer's  *  History  of  the  Society  of  Mer- 
chant Venturers  of  the  City  of  Bristol '  has 
no  Index.  It  has  one. 

In  1872  the  Camden  Society  published 
(Miss  Lucy  Toulmin  Smith  editor)  "  The 
Maire  of  Bristowe  is  Kalendar,  by  Robert 
Ricart,  Town  Clerk  of  Bristol  18  Edward  IV." 
Good  Index. 

'Bristol  Past  and  Present,'  by  J.  F. 
Nicholls,  F.S.A.;  and  John  Taylor  (both 
public  librarians),  was  published  in  1881-2 
in  three  volumes,  and  includes  a  large 
amount  of  information  obtained  from  the 
city  archives,  access  to  which  is  always 
readily  given  for  any  proper  purpose.  Each 
volume  is  indexed. 

'  Notes  or  Abstracts  of  the  Wills  contained 
in  the  Volume  entitled  "  The  Great  Orphan 
Book  and  Book  of  Wills  "  in  the  Council 
House  at  Bristol,'  by  the  Rev.  T.  P.  Wadley, 
was  published  by  the  Bristol  and  Gloucester- 
shire Archaeological  Society  in  1886.  It 
has  an  excellent  Index. 

A  book  (2  vols.)  which  contains  a  great 
deal  of  municipal  matter  is  Thomas  John 
Manchee's  '  The  Bristol  Charities,  being  the 
Report  of  the  Commissioners  for  inquiring 
concerning  Charities  in  England  and 
Wales,  so  far  as  relates  to  the  Charitable 
Institutions  in  Bristol'  (1831).  It  has  an 
Index.  At  the  time  of  the  inquiry,  the 
Corporation  had  43  charities  and  gifts  in  its 
charge,  including  the  Grammar  School, 
the  Red  Maids'  School,  and  Queen  Eliza- 
beth's Hospital  (a  school  founded  on  the 
lines  of  Christ's  Hospital). 

Mr.  Walter  A.  Sampson  has  written  in 
two  small  volumes  the  history  of  the  Red 
Maids'  School  and  Queen  Elizabeth's  Hospi- 
tal respectively.  Neither  is  indexed. 

These  are  but  a  few  of  the  books  that 
contain  matter  (much  or  little)  quoted  from, 
or  founded  on,  Bristol's  municipal  records  ; 
several  relate  to  the  administration  of  the 
docks  estate  which  the  Corporation  owns. 
One  such  book  was  published  last  year, 
entitled  '  A  Short  History  of  the  Port  of 
Bristol '  ;  my  own  compilation,  with  an 
Index.  I  am  one  of  many  who  hope  to  see 
the  Corporation's  '  Great  Red  Book '  pub- 
lished. It  would  further  illustrate  civic 
life  in  the  Middle  Ages. 

CHABLES  WELLS. 

134,  Cromwell  Road,  Bristol. 


532 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       cii  s.  n.  DEC.  31, 1910. 


Please  add  to  ME.  RHODES' s  list — 

Belfast. — The  Town  Book  of  the  Corporation  of 
Belfast,  1613-1816.     Edited  from  the  original. 

By    Robert    M.    Young.     1892. — Contains 

a  chronological  list  of  notable  events  and  an 
Index. 

EDITOR  *  IRISH  BOOK-LOVER.' 
Kensal  Lodge,  N.W. 

The  information  given  by  MR.  JAGGARD 
as  to  the  Liverpool  records  may  be  a  little 
misleading.  The  municipal  records  have 
never  been  published.  Sir  J.  A.  Picton's 
two  volumes  contain  only  selections,  poorly 
arranged  and  badly  indexed.  The  so- 
called  new  edition  of  1907  consisted  of  sheets 
of  the  second  volume  bound  up  into  parts 
with  illustrations  added. 

The  earliest  Town  Council  Book  begins  in 
the  sixteenth  century,  and  a  transcript  of  it 
has  recently  been  made  by  Mr.  J.  A.  Twem- 
low,  and  will  shortly  be  issued  as  one  of  the 
publications  of  the  University  School  of 
Local  History. 

As  regards  the  charters,  many  of  these, 
with  other  important  Liverpool  documents, 
are  printed  in  Prof.  Muir  and  Miss  Platt's 
*  History  of  Municipal  Government  in 
Liverpool,'  1906.  In  addition  to  this 
there  are  notes  on  the  charters  in  Vol 
XXXVI.  of  the  Transactions  of  the  Historic 
Society  of  Lancashire  and  Cheshire  ;  and  a 
volume  of  collotype  facsimiles,  with  notes  by 
Mr.  Robert  Gladstone,  jun.,  will  be  issued, 
probably  next  year,  by  the  School  of  Local 
History.  R.  S.  B. 

Liverpool. 


ALFIERI  IN  ENGLAND  (11  S.^  ii.  421). — 
MR.  ARCHER'S  note  is  interesting  ;  but  I 
think  the  statement  that  it  was  in  1772  that 
Alfieri  parted  from  his  mistress  at  Rochester, 
and  returned  to  Turin,  is  erroneous. 

According  to  the  '  Vita,  scritta  da  esso  ' 
(I  quote  from  what  is  apparently  the  first 
ed.,  "  Londra,  1804,"  but  evidently  printed 
in  Italy),  Alfieri  left  England  "verso  il  finer 
di  Giugno "  (i.  177),  and  that  clearly 
was  June,  1771.  For  he  left  Turin  in  1769, 
and  after  travelling  in  Russia,  Prussia,  and 
Holland,  towards  the  end  of  November  he 
left  the  Hague,  and  after  a  few  days  arrived 
in  London,  where  he  stayed  about  seven 
months  (i.  152).  Allowing  for  the  time 
taken  up  in  travelling,  this  would  bring  his 
leaving  England  to  about  the  time  stated — 
near  the  end  of  June,  1771. 

Even  if  these  dates  were  not  so  clear, 
it  would  be  impossible  to  suppose  that 


Alfieri  remained  with  Lady  Ligonier  for 
nearly  a  year,  "  fremendo  e  bestemmiando 
dell'  esservi,  e  non  me  ne  potendo  pure  a 
niun  conto  separare."  The  expression  "  per 
varie  provincie  dell'  Inghilteura  "  must  not 
be  taken  too  literally. 

That  the  June  when  Alfieri  left  England 
was  in  1771  is  clear  also  from  his  subsequent 
proceedings  before  reaching  Turin.  From 
England  he  went  to  Holland  and  France,  and 
left  Paris  about  the  middle  of  August  for 
Spain  (i.  180).  He  stayed  at  Barcelona 
until  early  in  November,  ("  ai  primi  di 
Novembre,"  i.  182),  and  in  Madrid  until 
early  in  December,  reaching  Lisbon  on 
Christmas  Eve  ("  dopo  circa  venti  giorni  di 
viaggio  arrivai  la  vigilia  del  Natale,"  i. 
187).  In  the  beginning  of  February  he 
started  for  Seville,  and  was  in  Valentia  at 
the  end  of  March,  and  thence,  by  Tortosa, 
reached  Barcelona ;  and  after  a  hurried 
journey  by  land  and 'sea  to  Genoa,  arrived  at 
Turin  on  the  5th  of  May,  1772,  after  three 
years'  absence  (i.  193). 

Is  it  not  more  probable  that  Alfieri' s 
visit  to  Bellefields  (if  the  tradition  is  true) 
was  during  his  fourth  visit  to  England, 
with  the  Countess  of  Albany,  from  April  to 
August,  1791  ?  But  in  the  '  Vita  '  he  gives 
a  very  short  account  of  this  visit,  and 
mentions  only  Bath,  Bristol,  and  Oxford, 
besides  London,  as  places  they  visited. 

J.  F.  ROTTON. 

Gainsborough's  magnificent  whole-length 
portraits  of  Lord  and  Lady  Ligonier  are  the 
property  of  Mr.  Charles  Wertheimer. 

W.  ROBERTS. 

"  GOULANDS  "  IN  BEN  JONSON  (11  S. 
ii.  429). — The  '  N.E.D.'  says  cautiously  that 
this  word  is  probably  related  in  some  way 
to  "  gold."  It  certainly  seems  that  "  gol- 
lands,"  "  goulands,"  and  Sc.  "  go  wans  "  are 
derived  from  "  gold  "  or  "  gowd."  The 
yellow  flowers  thus  called  correspond  almost 
exactly  with  the  gold-named  flowers  of 
Southern  France.  The  auriflam  or  aurugo 
is  the  creeping  meadow  crowsfoot,  as  is  the 
"  gowan "  in  Lanarkshire.  Other  gold- 
flowers  are  aurigo,  a  yellow-flowered  sow- 
thistle,  and  auriholo  or  auriolo,  this  name 
being  applied  to  the  yellow  centaury, 
Centaur ea  solstitiale,  and  to  some  other 
yellow  flowers.  "  Dins  Ii  gara  'stela 
d'auriolo "  ("  In  the  fallows  starred  with 
centaury,' '  '  Mireio  ' ). 

It  may  be  observed  that  no  French  flower 
names  are  derived  from  or;  there  are  a  few 
compounds,  such  as  bouton  d'or  for  butter- 


a  s.  ii.  UKO.  si,  i9io.]       NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


533 


cups,  &c.  On  the  other  hand,  neither  the 
marigold  nor  the  marsh-marigold  (both  of 
them  "  gollans  "  or  "  go  wans  ")  has  any 
gold-name  in  the  language  of  Southern 
France.  They  are  both  souci  (from  L. 
solsequium,  being  heliotropic,  or  rather 
heliophilic,  flowers)  and  gauch  or  gauchet,  the 
marsh-marigold  being  gauch  d'aigo  (as  in 
French  souci  and  souci  d'eau).  So  there  is 
just  a  suspicion  of  "  gowan  "  being  derived 
from  gauch,  pronounced  "  gow."  The  other 
name  has  probably  come  from  the  French, 
as  shown  by  the  early  forms  soulcy,  soucicle, 
assoulcie,  of  which  there  is  no  trace  in 
Proven£al  or  Languedocian.  The  second 
meaning  of  souci,  care,  from  L.  sollicitare, 
in  both  French  and  Provencal,  contrasts 
curiously  with  that  of  gpuch,  herbo  del 
gauch  meaning  the  joy-flower.  A  silver  joy- 
flower  was  the  first  of  the  four  flower-prizes 
given  at  the  "  Joes  Flourals  "  of  Toulouse  : 
the  marigold,  the  wild-rose,  the  violet, 
and  the  pink.  Goudelin  (1580-1649),  who 
had  received  the  marigold  prize,  called  this 
flower  Clytia  : — 

Clytio,  ma  janti  floureto, 
Sur  soun  or  me  ten  encantat. 

D'autro  flou  nou  se  parlara 
Que  de  las  quatre  de  Toulouso. 
Clytia,  my  pretty  flower,  on  her  gold  holds  me  spell- 
bound  

Of  other  flowers  naught  will  be  said,  but  of  the  four 
of  Toulouse. 

It  may  be  asked  how  could  the  Sc. 
"  gowan "  be  derived  from  the  Provencal 
gauch.  I  have  little  doubt  that  in  Plantagenet 
times,  and  even  later,  there  was  sufficient 
intercourse  between  Southern  France  and 
Scotland  to  carry  Proven£al  words  and 
customs  to  Scotland  as  well  as  to  England. 
"  Sybows  and  raiforts,"  and  Carlin  Sunday, 
when  peas  were  eaten  fried  in  Provencal  oil 
(ante,  p.  392),  afford  strong  evidence  of  this. 
It  seems  just  possible  that  the  name  of  the 
joy-flower  of  Southern  France  might  have 
passed  to  the  "  bonny  lucken-gowan  "  and 
other  yellow  flowers  of  Scotland,  with  the 
helping  influence  of  "  gowd  "  and  "  gold." 
EDWARD  NICHOLSON. 

Paris. 

The  '  English  Dialect  Dictionary  '  under 
"  gowland "  says  that  the  name  is  given 
"  to  many  species  of  familiar  flowers  which 
are  of  a  yellow  or  golden  colour,"  especially 
the  marigold,  the  corn  marigold,  the  marsh 
marigold,  the  common  daisy,  the  ox-eye 
daisy,  the  globe-flower,  and  various  kinds  of 
Ranunculus.  G.  F.  R.  B. 


MANSEL  FAMILY  (11  S.  ii.  269). — A 
decade  or  two  ago  I  had  occasion  to  devote 
some  time  and  attention  to  the  genealogy 
of  this  very  ancient  family  of  Glamorgan, 
from  whom,  I  take  it,  the  Hansels  of  Somer- 
set, Bedford,  and  Buckinghamshire  sprang. 

My  notes  are,  more  or  less,  compiled  from 
the  Rev.  J.  D.  Davies's  '  West  Gower  '  (part 
iv.)  ;  the  Mansel  pedigree  (which  was 
deciphered  by  Walter  de  Gray  Birch  of  the 
B.M.)  ;  the  pedigree  of  Mansel  by  Ralph 
Brooke,  York  Herald  of  Arms  ;  the  pedigree 
of  Mansel  by  J.  H.,  &c. 

Philip  Mansel  came  with  William  the 
Conqueror.  From  his  heir,  Robert  Mansel, 
the  Somerset  branch  descended ;  from 
John  Mansel,  Kt.,  the  Mansels  of  Wales  and 
Buckinghamshire.  John  married  and  had 
issue  Henry  and  Sir  John  Mansel :  the  latter 
is  often  described  as  John  Mansel  Clericus. 
Sir  John,  heir,  became  Lord  Chief  Justice 
in  the  42nd  year  of  Henry  III.  and,  it  is  said, 
died  abroad  about  1266.  By  his  marriage 
there  were  three  sons,  Thomas,  Henry,  and 
William.  Thomas,  Kt.,  was  killed  in  the 
Barons'  wars.  He  had  a  son  Henry,  the 
first  of  the  Mansels  to  settle  in  Wales  ;  his 
son  Sir  Walter  is  said  to  have  been  buried 
in  St.  Botolph's  without  Aldgate. 

He  had  a  son  Sir  Robert,  who  in  turn  had 
a  son  also  named  Robert.  The  latter's  son 
and  heir  was  Richard,  besides  whom  he 
had  two  sons,  Philip  and  John.  Richard 
married,  and  had  Sir  Hugh,  who  married 
Isabel,  sister  and  heir  of  Sir  John  Penrice. 
Their  only  son  Richard  married  (1437)  a 
Turberville,  and  had  issue  several  children. 
John,  the  heir,  married  "  Cecilie,"  their  issue 
being  Philip.  The  latter's  family  con- 
sisted of  Alice,  who  married  Sir  Matthew 
Cradock,  and  another  daughter,  and  a  son 
Jenkin,  who  married  Edith,  daughter  and 
coheiress  of  Sir  George  Kyne  or  Kene,  Kt. 
("  by  Cecil,  dau.  of  King  Edward  IV." ).  Their 
son  and  heir,  Sir  Rice  Mansel,  born  1489, 
was  knighted  between  1520  and  1526  and 
died  in  1559.  He  was  three  times  married  : 
by  his  third  wife,  "  Cecily,"  dau.  of  Wm. 
D'Abridgcourt,  Esq.,  he  had  issue  Sir  Edward 
Mansel.  (The  marriage  contract  of  Sir 
Rice  Mansel  is  among  the  Penrice  MSS. 
Sir  Rice  or  Rhys  Mansel  in  his  will,  among 
other  properties  named,  left  to  Sir  Edward 
aforesaid  and  a  brother  "  one  howse  Scytuat 
and  lyinge  in  the  olde  Bayly  in  London," 
&c.)  Sir  Edward  Mansel  of  Margam  married 
Lady  Jane  Somerset,  their  issue  being  fifteen 
children :  Sir  Edward  is  said  to  have  died  in 
1631.  His  son  and  heir,  Sir  Thomas,  was 
created  a  baronet,  and  is  said  to  have  died 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [11  s.  n.  DEC.  31, 1910. 


before  his  father.  He  had  by  his  first  wife 
a  son  Lewis,  who  succeeded  him  in  1631,  and 
died  in  1638.  Lewis  by  his  third  wife  had 
Sir  Edward  Mansel,  Bt.,  who  died  in  1706, 
leaving  issue  Edward,  who  died  unmarried  ; 
Thomas,  afterwards  Lord  Mansel ;  Henry, 
who  died  unmarried  ;  and  two  daughters. 
Sir  Edward's  second  son  and  heir,  Sir 
Thomas,  succeeded  his  father  in  1706,  and 
was  made  a  peer  in  1711.  By  his  marriage 
with  Martha  Millington  there  were  issue 
Robert,  Christopher,  Bussy,  and  three 
daughters.  Robert  married  Anne,  dau.  of 
Sir  Cloudesley  Shovel,  Kt.,  and  died  in 
1723,  leaving  a  daughter,  and  a  son  Thomas, 
who  was  born  in  1719,  became  second  Lord 
Mansel,  and  died  about  1 740.  He  was  followed 
by  his  uncle  Christopher,  who  became  third 
Lord  Mansel.  He  entailed  the  estates  on  his 
son-in-law,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Talbot  ;  thus 
the  Mansel  property  came  to  the  Talbot 
family. 

I  may  add  two  or  three  items.  I  find 
elsewhere  that  at  his  death  Sir  Cloudesley 
Shovel  left  two  daughters  :  the  elder  married 
Lord  Romney,  and  the  younger  Sir  Nar- 
borough  d'Aeth,  baronet. 

Thomas  Mansel,  aged  38,  died  and  was 
buried  in  St.  Peter's,  Westminster. 

Edward  Mansel,  eldest  son  of  Sir  Edward 
Mansel  of  Margam,  died  20  June,  1681,  and 
was  buried  in  St.  Peter's,  Westminster. 

Edward  Mansel,  in  1700,  gave  100Z.  to 
Bridwell  Hospital. 

ALFRED  CHAS.  JONAS. 

Bognor,  Sussex. 

PICKWICKS  OF  BATH  (US.  ii.  465).— See 
7   S.   ii.    325,    457  ;     iii.    30,    112,    175,   273, 
393,    526  ;     v.    285,    455  ;     xi.    401,    472  ; 
xii.  72  ;    10  S.  iii.  447.         JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

GOATS  AND  Cows  (11  S.  ii.  466).— The 
practice  of  keeping  a  goat  among  a  herd  of 
cows  to  prevent  abortion  is  by  no  means 
confined  to  Leicestershire.  It  must  be  a 
"  Billy  "  goat,  and  the  more  it  stinks  the 
better. 

How  the  charm  works  nobody  knows. 
Since  I  introduced  a  he-goat  among  my 
shorthorns,  abortion  has  ceased.  Pre- 
viously it  was  very  troublesome. 

SHERBORNE. 

Sherborne  House,  Northleach. 

Upon  a  farm  at  Braunstone,  near  Leicester, 
where  I  stayed  some  twenty  years  ago  at 
intervals,  it  \vas  an  old  custom  to  keep  a 
goat  or  two  with  each  group  of  cows.  Upon 
inquiring  the  reason,  I  was  told  that  the 


goat,  an  animal  not  easily  alarmed,  has  a 
soothing  effect  upon  a  cow's  nerves,  and 
thus  helped  to  ensure  the  quality  and 
quantity  of  the  milk  supply.  Near  large 
towns  stray  dogs  are  sometimes  a  great 
nuisance  to  farmers  and  stock-keepers. 

WM.  JAGGARD. 
Avonthwaite,  Stratford-on-Avon. 

I  have  come  across  this  custom  in  Worces- 
tershire and  Berkshire.  In  the  former 
county  it  is  sometimes  a  donkey  that  is 
kept,  and  I  think  the  idea  was  that  newly 
bought  beasts  took  more  kindly  to  a  strange 
pasture  if  a  donkey  were  with  them. 

W.  C.  B. 

I  have  always  been  familiar  with  the 
belief  that  where  many  cows  are  kept  it  is 
good  to  let  a  Nanny  or  a  Billy  goat  run 
with  them,  to  hinder  the  cows  from  calf- 
slipping  ;  and  I  have  seen  goats  with  the 
cows  whilst  in  the  fields. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

See  9  S.  v.  248,  359,  521  ;    vi.  132,  196 
xii.  176.  DIEGO. 

^BUFFOON'S  ADMIRERS  (11  S.  i.  367).— 
C.  B.  W.  asked  for  an  explanation  of  Field- 
ing's reference  when,  in  No.  10  of  The 
Covent  Garden  Journal,  he  writes :  "  His 
[i.e.  a  buffoon's]  admirers,  if  an  old  Latin 
proverb  be  true,  deserve  no  great  compli- 
ments to  be  paid  to  their  wisdom." 

I  would  suggest  that  the  proverb  meant 
may  be  "  Simile  gaudet  simili,"  Erasmus, 
'Adagia,'  p.  642  (ed.  1629),  or  "Simile  a 
similibus  amatur,"  Bebel,  '  Proverbia  Ger- 
manica,'  No.  jf485.  Aristotle,  '  Ethica  Nic.,' 
ix.  3,  3,  has  eiprjrai  8*  OTI  TO  O/JLOLOV  TCO  ofj-ouo 
<}>i\ov,  and  Palingenius,  *  Zodiacus  Vita4,' 
xii.  574,  "  Stulta  placent  stultis." 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

"  IT  TAKES  ALL  SORTS  OF  PEOPLE  TO 
MAKE  A  WORLD  "  (11  S.  i.  369). — In  Douglas 
Jerrold's  '  Story  of  a  Feather,'  in  Punch 
(vol.  v.  p.  55),  Mr.  Traply  says :  "  Well,  it 
takes  all  sorts  to  make  a  world." 

DIEGO. 

WEARING  ONE  SPUR  (11  S.  ii.  367,  471).— 

The  custom  among  butcher-boys  to  ride  with 

only  one  spur  lasted,  in  Yorkshire  at  any 

rate,  beyond  the  fifties.     It  was  prevalent 

j  in  the  seventies.  A.  R.  WALLER. 

CANONS,     MIDDLESEX  :        "  ESSEX  "     AS 

CHRISTIAN  NAME   (US.   ii.    328,   374,   394, 

437). — There  would  appear  to  have  been  a 

,  house  of  fair  size  here  before  the  eighteenth- 


n  s.  ii.  DEC.  31,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


535 


century  mansion  was  built,  for  it  is  stated  by 
Burke  ('Landed  Gentry')  that  Sir  James 
Drax,  Kt.,  of  Hackney,  married  Essex, 
•daughter  of  Sir  Lancelot  Lake,  Kt.,  "  of 
Cannons,  co.  Middlesex."  This  must  have 
been  in  Commonwealth,  or  at  least  in 
Restoration,  times,  as  Sir  James  (who  was 
second  of  the  name)  died  c.  1663/4.  Can 
any  one  inform  me,  by  the  way,  as  to  the 
reason  of  his  wife's  singular  topographical 
Ohristian  name  ?  The  Lakes  are  men- 
tioned by  MR.  BAYLEY  at  p.  374  ante. 

WILLIAM  MCMURRAY. 

The  following  from  the  obituary  notices 
appearing  in  The  Gentleman's  Magazine, 
vol.  lii.  p.  46  (January,  1782),  gives  an 
interesting  reference  to  tte  rebuilding  of 
this  famous  house  in  the  eighteenth  century  : 

"  Deaths.  Dec.  17  [1781].  Wm.  Hallet,  Esqr.,  of 
Canons,  near  Edgeware,  Middlesex,  formerly  an 
eminent  Cabinet-maker  in  St.  Martin's  Lane.  After 
the  sale  of  the  late  Duke  of  Chandos's  magnificent 
house  piecemeal,  he  bought  the  site  and  estate 
together  with  large  quantities  of  the  materials, 
which  other  purchasers  refused  or  neglected  to 
•clear,  and  with  them  built  himself  a  house  on 
the  centre  vaults  of  the  old  one.  This  house  and 
•estate  he  has  bequeathed  to  his  grandson,  a  minor." 

G.  YARROW  BALDOCK. 

CROSSES  (11  S.  ii.  310).— The  following 
may  be  consulted  : — 

'Ancient  Stone  Crosses  of  England,'  by  A. 
Rimmer,  1875. 

'  Sepulchral  Crosses  of  the  Middle  Ages,'  by  E.  L. 
Cutts. 

'  Sepulchral  Cross  Slabs,  with  reference  to  other 
Emblems  found  Thereon,'  by  K.  E.  Styan. 

'  Scottish  Market  Crosses,'  by  James  VV.  Small, 
1900. 

'Boundary  Crosses,'  by  J.  C.  Buckley,  in  the 
Journal  of  the  Archaeological  Society  (Ireland), 
vol.  x.  part  iii. 

'  Old  Stone  Crosses  of  the  Vale  of  Clwyd,  with 
account  of  ancient  manners  and  customs  and  legen- 
dary lore,'  by  Elias  Owen. 

'Wayside  Crosses,'  £c.,  by  C.  S.  Sargisson,  in 
Country  Home  (?  Feb.,  1910). 

'  Murdock's  Cross,  Monasterboyce,  near  Drog- 
heda,'  in  The  Penny  Post,  1  Feb.  and  2  March 
(either  1890  or  1896). 

'The  Ancient  Crosses  and  Holy  Wells  of  Lan- 
cashire,' by  Henry  Taylor. 

'  Manx  Crosses,'  by  P.  M.  C.  Kermode,  1907. 

'  Notes  on  the  Old  Crosses  of  Gloucestershire,'  by 
Chas.  Pooley,  F.S.A. 

'The  Old  Stone  Crosses  of  Dorset,'  by  Alfred 
Pope. 

'  Crosses  and  Market  Crosses,'  in  The  Treasury, 
Oct.  1904. 

'The  Crosses  of  Ancient  Ireland,'  by  Henry 
O'Neill  (?  1857). 

'  Some  Pre-Norman  Finds  at  Lancaster,'  by  W.  G. 
Collingwood,  in  The  Reliquary,  Oct.,  1902,  and  Oct., 


'  Wayside  Crosses,'  by  Mrs.  Gutch,  in  '  County 
Folk-lore,'  1901,  vol.  ii.  p.  21. 

4  Ornamentation  of  Sculptured  Stones,'  by  G.  J. 
French. 

4  Notes  on  Early  Sculptured  Crosses '  (Carlisle), 
by  \V.  G.  Collingwood. 

'Rude  Stone  Monuments  of  Ireland,  Sligo,  and 
Island  of  Ac-hill,'  by  W.  G.  Wood  Martin. 

Wakeman's  '  Handbook  of  Irish  Antiquities.' 

'  The  Cross :  its  Traditions,  History,  and  Art,'  by 
the  Rev.  W.  Wood  Seymour,  1898. 

'  Signe  de  la  Croix  avant  le  Christianisme,'  by 
G.  de  Mortillet,  Paris,  1866. 

Yorkshire  Crosses  in  Yorkshire  Notes  and  Queries, 
passim. 

The  best  collections  of  pre-Norman 
crosses,  dating  chiefly  from  the  seventh  and 
tenth  centuries,  appertain  to  Yorkshire  and 
Durham. 

J.    HOLDEN   MACMlCHAEL. 

DR.  MILNE  may  find  the  following  both 
helpful     and     entertaining : — 
Blight  (J.  T.),  'Ancient  Crosses  of  East  and  West 

Cornwall,'  1858,  2  vols.,  4to. 
Kinnebrook  (W.),  'Etchings  of  Runic  Monuments 

in  the  Isle  of  Man,'  with  26  plates,  1841,  8vo. 

The  various  county  histories,  too,  provide 
hundreds  of  crosses. 

WILLIAM  JAGGARD. 

Robson  in  his  '  History  of  Heraldry ' 
enumerates  over  two  hundred  crosses  of 
different  forms.  The  late  John  E.  Cussans 
in  'Handbook  of  Heraldry'  (1869)  names 
and  describes  thirty-six,  giving  illustrations 
of  twenty-three.  HARRY  HEMS. 

Probably  DR.  MILNE  would  find  what  he 
wants  in  '  Crux  Mundi,'  &c.,  a  pamphlet 
by  an  anonymous  writer,  published  at 
Is.  by  James  Nisbet  &  Co.  The  author 
claims  to  have  set  out  the  "  origin,  meaning, 
use,  and  misuse  "  of  the  various  forms  of 
cross  and  their  combinations. 

W.  S.  B.  H. 

[W.  S.  S.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

WET   HAY   (11    S.    ii.    469).— Thomas   de 
Gray    in    his     '  Compleat    Horseman    and 
Expert  Ferrier,'      1639,     p.    96,     gives   this 
remedy 
"  to  prevent  that  disease  which  the  vulgar  doe  call 

broken-winded:   Let  all  the  hay  he   eateth be 

sprinckled  and  moystened  with  water,  which  will 
asswage  his  excesse  of  drinking,  and  very  much  coole 
his  blond,  which  cannot  but  be  inflamed." 

W.  C.  B. 

May  not  the  explanation  be  something 
like  this  ?  Wet  hay,  rather  than  dry  hay, 
is  the  ordinary  furnishing  of  a  dog- kennel. 
Exposure  to  a  moist  atmosphere  will  soon 
render  hay  damp  enough.  It  is  not  very 


536 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       tii  s.  n.  DEC.  31, 1910. 


often  renewed,  being  considered  good  enough 
for  a  dog.  And  so,  with  a  kind  of  bravado, 
Ferdinand  when  dying  exclaims  :  "  This 
world's  but  a  dog-kennel.  My  course  of 
life  is  nearly  run  :  but  what  care  I  ?  Let 
me  die  like  a  dog,  and  I  ask  no  more.  Give 
me  some  wet  hay,  such  as  dying  dogs  are 
allowed  to  lie  on,  and  I'll  leave  without  regret 
a  world  that  fails  to  please  me."  SCOTUS. 

ROUSSEAU  AND  DAVENPORT  (US.  ii.  427). 
— The  present  whereabouts  of  the  letter 
from  Rousseau  to  Davenport  may  not  be  easy 
to  ascertain,  but  the  nature  of  its  contents 
ought  not  to  be  difficult  to  surmise.  On  the 
invitation  of  David  Hume,  Rousseau  came 
to  England  in  1766,  arriving  in  London  in 
January.  In  March  the  same  year  he  took 
up  his  abode  at  Wootton  in  Derbyshire, 
where,  by  Hume's  arrangement,  he  resided 
in  the  house  of  Mr.  Davenport.  Within 
a  very  short  time,  however,  Rousseau 
quarrelled  bitterly  with  both  Hume  and 
Davenport.  A  letter  written  some  time 
previously  by  Horace  Walpole,  in  the  name 
of  the  King  of  Prussia,  and  reflecting  severely 
on  Rousseau's  moral  infirmities,  appeared 
in  the  English  newspapers.  This  letter 
Rousseau  persisted,  in  spite  of  strenuous 
denial,  in  attributing  to  Hume,  and  probably 
regarded  Davenport  as  his  accomplice.  In  a 
state  of  furious  indignation  he  left  Derby- 
shire, and  hastened  back  to  France.  The 
letter  dated  "  Douvres,  18  Mai,  1767,"  was  no 
doubt  a  kind  of  parting  shot  before  Rousseau 
left  the  shores  of  this  country.  W.  S.  S. 

RICHARD  COOPE  OF  FULHAM  :  OXFORD 
COURT  (11  S.  ii.  487). — There  were  three 
Oxford  Courts  in  London  in  the  middle 
of  the  eighteenth  century  :  one  in  Camomile 
Street  ;  one  in  Oxford  Street,  now,  I  think, 
occupied  by  Oxford  Mansions  ;  and  another, 
the  oldest  in  London,  which  still  exists, 
in  Salters'  Hall  Court,  No.  109,  Cannon 
Street.  Since  Richard  Coope  appears  to  have 
had  business  in  the  City  as  a  director  of  the 
South  Sea  Company,  and  was  also  Master 
of  the  Salters'  Company,  his  house  is  almost 
certain  to  have  been  in  the  last  of  these 
Oxford  Courts,  i.e.,  that  in  Cannon  Street, 
where  was  anciently  the  house  of  the  Prior 
of  Tortington.  This  Tortington  in  South- 
West  Sussex  had  an  Austin  priory  founded 
by  the  Corbets  in  the  reign  of  King  John. 
It  afterwards  fell  to  the  Earls  of  Oxford  ;  but 
the  priory  house  in  Oxford  Court  having 
been  demolished,  the  court  was  built  on  its 
site,  retaining  the  name  of  the  former 
possessor.  J.  HOLDEN  MACMICHAEL. 


Oxford  Court,  in  1732,  was,  excepting 
one  house,  in  the  parish  of  St.  Swithin,  and 
was,  as  to  that  one  house,  in  that  of  St. 
Mary  Bothaw.  See  '  New  Remarks  of 
London,'  collected  by  the  Company  of 
Parish  Clerks,  printed  1732.  G.  E.  C. 

LISTON  AND  DUCROW  (11  S.  ii.  487). — 
The  lines  quoted  by  MR.  BROMBY  form  the 
opening  portion  of  Thomas  Hood's  '  A 
Nocturnal  Sketch,'  which  appeared  firstly 
in  Hood's  '  Comic  Annual ?  for  1832,  later 
in  '  Hood's  Own,'  and  is,  I  think,  to  be 
found  in  most  editions  of  his  poems.  The 
lines  given  should  read  : — 

Even  is  come ;  and  from  the  dark  Park,  hark  ! 
The  signal  of  the  setting  sun — one  gun  ! 
Arid  six  is  sounding  from  the  chime,  prime  time 
To  go  and  see  the  Drury-Lane  Dane  slain, — 
Or  hear  Othello's  jealous  doubt  spout  out,—  . 
Or  Macbeth  raving  at  that  shade-made  blade, 
Denying  to  his  frantic  clutch  much  touch  ;— 
Or  else  to  see  Ducrow  with  wide  stride  ride 
Foiir  horses  as  no  other  man  can  span  ; 
Or  in  the  small  Olympic  Pit,  sit  split 
Laughing  at  Liston  while  you  quiz  his  phiz. 

The  lines  were  presented  in  the  'Annual '  as 
an  illustration  of  "  a  plan  for  writing  blank 
verse  in  rhyme. ?5  WALTER  JERROLD. 

Hampton-on-Thames. 

[C.  C.  B.,  PROF.  BENSLY,  MR.  W.  ROBERTS  CROW, 
OLD  SARUM,  PROF.  SKEAT,  and  MR.  J.  B.  WAINE- 
WRIGHT  also  thanked  for  replies.] 


'LETTERS  BY  AN  AMERICAN  SPY'  (11  S. 
ii.  427). — Sabin  ('A  Dictionary  of  Books 
relating  to  America,'  i.  152)  mentions 
"  '  The  American  Spy :  Letters  written 
in  London,  1764-65  [«tc].'  London,  1786. 
12mo "  ;  and  "  '  The  American  Spy,  a 
Collection  of  XXXVI.  Letters  written  to 
various  persons  resident  in  the  Sister  Land.' 
London.  Printed  for  the  Author,  1791. 
12mo." 

Bartlett  ('  Bibliotheca  Americana,  A  Cata- 
logue of  Books ....  in  the  Library  of  John 
Carter  Brown,  of  Providence,  R.I.,'  Part  3, 
vol.  ii.  p.  250)  describes  No.  3079  thus : 
"  '  Letters  written  in  London  by  an  Ameri- 
can Spy.  From  the  year  1764  to  the  year 
1785.'  London  :  J.  Bew.  MDCCLXXXVI. 
8vo,  xxi  and  167  pp."  Bartlett  adds  a 
quotation  from  The  Critical  Eevieiv,  vol. 
Ixii : — 

"These  letters  are  said  to  be  the  correspondence 
of  a  Quaker  with  his  friends  in  Philadelphia ;  and, 
while  they  display  the  honest  bluntness  of  a  sect, 
are  animated  by  a  warm  philanthropy,  true  religion, 
and  sound  sense." 

LANE  COOPER. 

Ithaca,  New  York. 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  si,  1910.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


537 


With  the  exception  of  Watt,  I  know  of 
no  bibliographer  who  mentions  the  '  Let- 
ters by  an  American  Spy.'  In  Watt  the 
work  appears  as  an  anonymous  production. 
If  I  may  be  permitted  to  hazard  a  guess  as  to 
the  authorship  of  the  '  Letters,'  I  should  be 
inclined  to  suggest  Samuel  Curwen  as  the 
writer.  In  1842  there  appeared  at  New 
York  a  book  with  the  following  title  : — 

"Journal  and  Letters  of  the  late  Samuel  Curwen, 
Judge  of  Admiralty,  &c.,  an  American  Refugee  in 
England,  from  1775  to  1784 :  comprising  Remarks 
on  the  Prominent  Men  and  Measures  of  that  period  ; 
to  which  are  added,  Biographical  Notices  of  many 
American  Loyalists,  and  other  Eminent  Persons,  by 
George  Atkinson  Ward.  New  York,  1842."  8vo, 
pp.  580. 

I  suspect  this  to  be  an  enlarged  and  revised 
edition,  with  altered  title,  of  the  '  Letters 
by  an  American  Spy  '  published  in  1786. 

W.  SCOTT. 

INSCRIPTIONS  IN  CITY  CHURCHES  AND 
CHURCHYARDS  (11  S.  ii.  389,  453,  492).— I 
should  like  briefly  to  second  the  remarks 
so  ably  put  by  Mr.  P.  C.  RUSHEN,  as  to  the 
advisability  of  pushing  on  with  the  work  of 
transcribing  outdoor  or  graveyard  inscrip- 
tions. Any  one  to  whom  the  subject  is  new 
naturally  brackets  church  with  churchyard 
memorials  ;  and  not  for  one  moment  is  it 
suggested  that  the  former  are  a  negligible 
quantity.  Indeed,  memorial  for  memorial, 
it  cannot  be  contested  that  indoor  inscrip- 
tions are  nearly  always  the  more  important. 
In  the  majority  of  cases  both  classes  need 
attention.  Still,  as  a  general  rule,  it  may  be 
said  that  in  every  printed  account  of  a 
church  some  notice  is  taken  of  the  monu- 
ments therein.  On  the  other  hand,  it  is 
improbable  that  more  than  one  out  of  every 
twenty  graveyards  have  had  a  single  one 
of  their  inscriptions  printed — added  to  which, 
the  corresponding  memorials  are  continually 
perishing. 

Another  point,  not  mentioned  by  MR. 
RUSHEN,  is  that  the  great  families  com- 
memorated on  indoor  memorials  are  becom- 
ing increasingly  obsolete  for  genealogical 
purposes,  in  the  sense  of  being  associated 
with  surviving  descendants.  The  always 
augmenting  numbers  of  prominent  British 
and  Colonial  families  sprung  from  humble 
stock  will  continue  to  add  to  the  value  of  j 
ordinary  graveyard  records.  Upon  the 
whole,  workers  in  this  field  are  well  advised 
in  declining,  for  the  present  at  least,  to 
shackle  themselves  with  added  indoor  work. 
The  outdoor  work  is  as  yet  so  vast,  and  so  j 
little  touched,  as  wholly  to  absorb  the  time  | 
and  energy  of  all  available  volunteers. 


One  further  point,  which  I  especially 
desire  to  emphasize,  is  the  desirability  of 
absolutely  exhaustive  work.  Things  are  not 
as  they  should  be  when  an  inquirer  after  a 
particular  surname,  say,  is  directly  or  vir- 
tually assured  that  it  does  not  exist, 
because  it  happens  to  occur  on  a  partially 
buried  or  moss-coated  stone.  I  do  not  by 
any  means  wish  to  discourage  transcribers 
who  cannot  undertake  the  implied  tasks, 
but  the  incidental  lacunae  of  incomplete 
transcripts  should  be  definitely  indicated, 
for  the  benefit  of  future  investigators.  Some 
surprising  experiences  in  the  work  of  checking 
transcripts  cause  me  to  make  this  remark. 
In  one  case,  after  two  days'  work  in  digging 
and  flushing  operations,  in  a  by  no  means 
difficult  graveyard,  I  succeeded  in  adding 
about  one-third  further  data  to  a  professedly 
complete  transcript.  A.  STAPLETON. 

Nottingham. 

MOVING  PICTURES  TO  CINEMATOGRAPHS 
(11  S.  ii.  502). — Owing  to  the  miscarriage 
of  a  proof,  one  or  two  mistakes  appeared 
in  my  note.  The  last  sentence  in  col.  1, 
p.  503,  should  read  :  "  They  were  projected 
on  smoke,  which  made  them  the  more 
startling," 

In  the  next  column  Pepper's  Ghost  should 
have  been  described  as  a  device  for  pro- 
jecting images  of  living  persons  (not  "  pic- 
tures ")  in  the  air.  TOM  JONES. 

BLACK  AND  RED  RATS  (11  S.  ii.  465).— 
Lundy  Isle  is  reputed  to  be  one  of  the 
few  places  in  this  country  where  the  black 
rat  still  exists.  The  island  is  situated  in  the 
Bristol  Channel,  about  20  miles  to  seaward 
from  the  Bar  outside  Barnstaple  Bay. 

The  late  John  Roberts  Chanter  in  his 
'Lundy  Island'  (1877)  records: — 

"  The  old  English  black  rat,  Mus  raff  us,  is  the 
indigenous,  arid  until  recently  was  the  only  species 
on  the  Island;  but  of  late  years  the  Norway,  or 
brown  rat,  has  found  his  way  there,  most  probably 
from  some  shipwrecked  vessel.  It  bids  fair  to 
exterminate  the  native  breed." 

Grose  in  his  description  of  Lundy,  in 
1775,  says  : — 

"  Rats  are  so  numerous  here  as  to  be  very  trouble- 
some. They  are  all  of  the  black  sort,  the  great 
brown  rat,  which  has  extirpated  this  kind  all  over 
Britain,  not  having  yet  found  its  way  here." 

Mr.  Chanter  says  that  the  Rev.  Hudson 
G.  Heaven  in  1877  reported  the  brown  rat 
as  increasingly  numerous,  and  the  black 
rat  nearly  extinct.  "The  brown  rats  prin- 
cipally frequent  the  south  end,  and  Rat 
Island — in  that  locality — swarms  with  them. 
They  are  believed  to  feed  largely  on  fish,  as 
well  as  on  limpets  and  other  littoral  prey. 


538 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.      tn  s.  n.  DEC.  31, 1910. 


"Specimens  of  a  third  variety,  of  a  reddish 
or  fox  colour,  are  sometimes  seen  and  killed. 
This  is  called  locally  the  red  rat.  It  has 
much  larger  ears,  and  a  longer  and  thinner 
tail,  than  the  ordinary  rat,  but  in  other 
respects  resembles  it,  and  they  appear  to 
consort  together.  Whether  it  is  a  peculiar 
variety,  or  a  mere  sport,  I  am  unable  to 
ascertain.  It  is  scarce,  and  is  rarely 
captured,  but  is  persistent  on  the  island." 

HARRY  HEMS. 

"WHOM"  AS  SUBJECT  (11  S.  ii.  446).— 
MB.  BAYNE  writes  :  "In  oratory  and  hasty 
journalism  this  lapse  from  accuracy  is,  pre- 
sumably, unpremeditated  and  accidental." 
I  offer  an  example  of  how  the  hasty  journalist 
puts  bad  grammar  into  the  mouth  of  the 
orator. 

In  The  Standard  of  13  December,  p.  10, 
col.  2,  "  Our  Correspondent "  at  Hyde 
writes  : — 

"Mr.  Balfour  addressed  the  audience  'on  behalf 
of  your  candidate,  whom  I  hope  on  Wednesday  next 
will  be  your  member.' " 

In  the  verbatim  report  of  the  speech  in 
The  Standard  of  10  December,  p.  4,  col.  1, 
Mr.  Balfour's  words  are  : — 

"I  had  the  good  fortune  to  hear  part  of  the  speech 
which  has  just  been  delivered  by  your  present  can- 
didate, and,  as  I  fully  believe,  your  future  member.'' 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

NOTTINGHAM  EARTHENWARE  TOMBSTONE 
(10  S.  i.  189,  255,  312,  356,  409,  454  ;  ii.  14, 
72). — It  is  worthy  of  record  that  the  above 
subject  is  photographically  illustrated  (in 
association  with  a  brief  but  illuminating 
account  thereof  by  a  veteran  authority)  in 
The  Builder  for  17  December.  A.  S. 

EMINENT  LIBRARIANS  (11  S.  ii.  489). — 
Joseph  Green  Cogswell,  LL.D.,  was  born  at 
Ipswich,  Mass.  He  gradutated  in  1806  at 
Harvard  College,  where  he  afterwards 
became  Professor  of  Mineralogy  and  Geology, 
and  where  he  undertook  the  duties  of 
Librarian  from  1821  to  1823.  In  the  latter 
year  he  joined  with  George  Bancroft  in 
the  foundation  of  Round  Hill  School  at 
Northampton,  Mass.  After  Bancroft's  re- 
tirement in  1830,  he  continued  the  school 
until  1836.  On  the  death  of  John  Jacob 
Astor  (29  March,  1848),  who  bequeathed 
funds  for  the  establishment  of  a  library  in 
New  York,  he  was  appointed  Librarian  to 
the  Trustees.  He  had  been  marked  out 
for  the  task  of  organizing  the  library  by 
Mr.  Astor,  who  had  espoused  the  idea  of 
founding  a  library  many  years  before  his 
death.  Dr.  Cogswell  made  three  journeys 


to  Em-ope  in  search  of  books  for  the  new 
library — in  1848-9,  in  1851,  and  again  in 
1 852.  He  is  said  to  have  visited  every  noted 
book-market  from  Rome  to  Stockholm,  and 
to  have  purchased  about  64,000  volumes  at 
a  cost  of  a  little  over  20,OOOZ.  The  library 
was  opened  on  1  February,  1854,  with  a 
stock  of  about  80,000  volumes.  It  is  now 
embodied  in  the  New  York  Public  Library. 

Dr.  Cogswell  resigned  and  returned  to  his 
native  State  in  1864.  He  contributed  to 
Blackwood's  Magazine,  North  American  Re- 
view, and  Monthly  Anthology,  and  he  edited 
The  New  York  Review  for  about  six  years 
prior  to  its  termination  in  1842.  A  short 
sketch  of  his  bibliographical  activities 
appeared  in  The  Library  Journal  of  New 
York,  vol.  xiii.  p.  7. 

THOMAS   WM.    HUCK. 

Saffron  Walden. 

The  Cogswell  in  question  is  doubtless 
Joseph  Green  Cogswell  (1786-1871),  Super- 
intendent of  the  Astor  Library,  New  York. 
See  Appleton's  '  Cyclopaedia  of  American 
Biography,'  vol.  i.  Apart  from  Cogswell's 
personal  distinction,  the  fact  of  his  having 
visited  Edinburgh,  made  the  acquaintance 
of  Scottish  men  of  letters,  and  contributed 
to  Blackwood's  Magazine,  may  account  for 
his  inclusion  in  J.  H.  Burton's  list. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

[G.  F.  R.  B.  thanked  for  reply.  Reply  from  MR. 
W.  SCOTT  next  week.] 


0n 

Sir  ~\Valtcr  Scoff  and  the  Border  Minstrelsy.     By 
Andrew  Lang.     (Longmans  &  Co.) 

IN  discussing  Sir  Walter  Scott  as  a  ballad  editor 
Mr.  Lang  is  fitted  with  a  congenial  theme.  He 
is  familiar  with  the  ballad  as  a  mode  of  literary 
expression,  and  he  is  a  loyal  admirer  of  Scott. 
When,  therefore,  he  finds  that  Col.  FitzWilliam 
Elliot,  in  his  two  volumes  of  essays  on  the  Border 
ballads,  is  disposed  to  credit  the  editor  of  the 
'  Minstrelsy '  with  questionable  methods,  he 
strongly  deprecates  the  insinuation.  Scott,  he  says 
in  substance,  was  an  upright,  honourable  man,, 
whereas  Col.  Elliot's  strictxires  would  convict 
him  of  having  been  a  deliberate  trickster.  The 
ballads  under  discussion  are  '  Auld  MaitlancV 
'  The  Battle  of  Otterburne,'  '  Jamie  Telfer,'  and 
'  Kinmont  Willie.'  The  first,  Col.  Elliot  suggests. 
Scott  knew  to  be  a  forgery  by  Hogg,  the  Ettrick 
Shepherd,  and  palmed  it  off  on  the  public  as- 
ancient.  The  second  he  thinks  a  mosaic  from 
Percy  and  Herd,  dexterously  fitted  and  dressed 
with  emendation?,  that  clearly  reveal  the  modern 
manipulator.  '  Jamie  Telfer  '  is  considered  by  the 

1  champion  of  the  Elliots  to  have  been  largely 
recast  to  make  it  a  contribution  to  the  honour  and 
glory  of  Buccleuch,  while  '  Kinmont  Willie,'  he 

•  avers,  is  Scott's  "  from  beginning  to  end." 


ii  s.  ii.  DEC.  si,  i9io.]        NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


539 


These  are  grave  charges  against  which  Mr.  Lang 
brings  to  bear  both  adequate  learning  and 
abundance  of  argument.  He  acknowledges  that 
at  the  end  of  the  eighteenth  century  and  the 
beginning  of  the  nineteenth  there  were  some  who 
did  not  hesitate  to  fabricate  ballads  after  the 
ancient  manner ;  that  Scott  himself  was  vic- 
timized by  this  nimble  artistry ;  and  that  Hogg 
could  turn  the  narrative  stanza  as  well  as  another. 
These  things  being  admitted,  there  is  nothing 
to  show  that  in  any  shape  or  form  they  are 
applicable  to  '  Auld  Maitland.'  This  may  not  be 
n  great  poetical  achievement,  but  such  as  it  is, 
it  was  not  the  composition  of  Hogg.  Mr.  Lang 
produces  ample  evidence  on  the  point.  Hogg  and 
his  aged  reciters  on  the  Ettrick  are  again  largely 
responsible  for  the  form  of  the  Otterburne  ballad 
as  it  appears  in  the  '  Border  Minstrelsy.'  Here, 
too,  Mr.  Lang  shows  that  the  theory  he  sets  him- 
self to  controvert  is  untenable.  What  is  said  of  the 
other  two  ballads  is  similarly  strenuous  and 
plausible,  although  in  the  *ase  of  *  Kinmont 
Willie  '  in  particular  it  is  difficult  to  make  dog- 
matic assertions.  It  is,  however,  safe  to  suggest, 
as  is  done  by  Mr.  Lang,  that  it  rests  upon  an  old 
ballad  or  old  ballads  as  well  as  on  the  crude  and 
ingenious  rimes  of  the  unpoetical  Satchells. 
Altogether,  Scott's  reputation  is  fully  maintained. 

"  Wat  of  Warden  "  on  p.  8  is  an  obvioxis  mis- 
print, while  the  reference  to  "  Percy's  death," 
p.  5-1,  is,  no  doubt,  an  inadvertence  due  to  the 
entanglements  of  a  somewhat  abstruse  discussion. 
Mr.  Lang  says,  p.  74,  that  "  won  "  in  the  line 
"  I  saw  a  dead  man  won  the  fight  "  is  ungram- 
matical.  So  it  would  be  in  a  purely  English 
composition,  but  as  a  form  of  "  win  "  it  is  still 
in  use  in  the  Scottish  Lowlands.  The  reiterated 
assertion  that  the  English  captain  in  '  Jamie 
Telfer '  is  "  shot  through  the  head,"  and  the 
remarks  about  Red  Rowan  in  '  Kinmont  Willie,' 
will  probably  puzzle  expert  readers  of  the  two 
ballads. 

Shakespeare  as  a  Groom  of  the  Chamber.    By  Ernest 

Law.  Illustrated.  (Bell  &  Sons.) 
THIS  well-printed  book  of  sixty-four  pages  puts  in 
a  clear  and  interesting  light  two  associations  of 
Shakespeare  with  the  Court  of  King  James  I.  The 
poet  and  his  fellow-members  of  the  King's  company 
were  each  given  four  and  a  half  yards  of  "  red  cloth, 
against  his  Majesties  Royall  Proceeding  through  the 
Citie  of  London"  on  15  March,  1604.  Are  we  to 
infer  t'rcm  this  passage,  as  Halliwell-Phillipps 
declared,  that  Shakespeare  and  his  fellows  marched 
in  the  Royal  Procession?  Mr.  Law  says  that  we 
cannot,  following  Dr.  Furnivall.  The  procession 
was  a  deferred  part  of  the  Coronation,  and  the 
allowance  of  cloth  was  given  to  all  sorts  of  people 
who  could  hardly  have  accompanied  the  sovereign 
in  his  progress.  Further,  the  four  or  five  accounts 
of  it— three  of  them  written  by  dramatists  of  note — 
make  no  mention  of  the  players,  nor  are  they 
included  in  contemporary  and  official  records  of  the 
occasion.  But  in  the  funeral  procession  of  King 
James  the  players  did  figure,  having  received  an 
allowance  of  black  cloth.  The  cavalcade  in  this 
case  amounted  to  no  fewer  than  5,000  persons. 
Another  reference  to  Shakespeare,  also  in  1604,  was 
given  by  Halliwell-Phillipps  in  The  Athena>um  of 
1871.  He  stated,  without  giving  his  authority,  that 
King  James  ordered  every  member  of  Shakespeare's 
'company  to  attend  at  Somerset  House  on  the  special 


envoy  of  the  King  of  Spain.  Mr.  Law  has  dis- 
covered the  document,  also  published  by  Mrs.  S topes 
(Athenceum,  12  March  of  this  year).  It  records 
payments  to  Phillipps  and  Hemynges  "  for  thr 
allowance  of  themselves  and  tenne  of  their  fellowes 
his  Maties  Groomes  of  the  Chamber  and  Players," 
as  payment  for  eighteen  days' attendance,  21*.  12.s. 
Shakespeare  himself  is  not  mentioned,  but  "  only* 
by  his  inclusion  among  the  'tenne  of  their  fellowes' 
can  the  full  complement  of  the  King's  players  be 
accounted  for." 

The  details  Mr.  Law  supplies  concerning  the 
magnificent  entertainment  given  to  the  Spanish 
representative  are  of  high  interest.  He  comes  to  the 
conclusion  that  the  duties  of  the  players  were  "to- 
stand  aboiit  and  look  pleasant."  As  for  the  fee,  it 
is  twice  given  as  21/.  12s.,  and  once  as  21/.  14.s.  by 
a  slip  (p.  42),  and  was  worth,  Mr.  Law  says,  about 
eight  times  as  much  by  present  reckoning.  He 
adds  that  this  is  the  only  public  function— apart, 
of  course,  from  performances  of  the  plays -at  which 
Shakespeare,  even  inferentially,  figured—"  the  only 
instance,  in  fact,  which  we  can  give  of  an  appear- 
ance of  his  anywhere,  except  in  his  private  and 
domestic  capacity."  One  might  infer,  however, 
that  his  bearing  of  the  canopy  mentioned  in  the 
Sonnets  (No.  125)  referred  to  some  public  occasion. 

The  book  includes  two  views  of  Somerset  House, 
and  a  reproduction  of  the  picture  of  English  and 
Spanish  Commissioners  assembled  in  1604.  Somerset 
House  was  lent  by  the  Queen  for  the  occasion  to- 
the  Constable  of  Castile,  who  poured  out  bribes  for 
English  statesmen  in  great  profusion, 

We  thank  Mr.  Law  for  an  admirable  piece  of 
work.  All  such  well- "documented"  details  are 
of  great  value  to  the  student. 

AXEL  OXENSTIERXA'S  phrase  concerning  the  little 
wisdom  with  which  the  world  is  governed  receives 
notice  in  more  than  one  recent  number  of  U Inter- 
me'diaire,  and  the  custom  of  binding  books  in  human? 
skin  is  also  discussed.  "Prof.  Cornil,  who  was  a 
Senator,"  says  one  correspondent,  "  was  an  ardent 
bibliophile.  He  was  pleased  to  have  several  volumes 
bound  in  human  skin,  using  tattoo-marks  as  decora- 
tive subjects  for  the  sides." 

The  percentage  of  the  different  social  classes- 
guillotined  during  the  French  Revolution  is  one  of 
the  most  interesting  questions  lately  proposed. 
One  correspondent  remarks  that  it  is  erroneous 
to  believe  that  the  Terror  specially  attacked  nobles, 
priests,  and  persons  privileged  by  the  ancien  regime. 
After  much  research,  he  has  come  to  the  conclusion 
that  out  of  every  three  victims,  two  were  working- 
people,  among  whom  were  peasants,  artisans* 
plough-lads,  soldiers,  maidservants,  dressmakers,, 
serving-men,  sailors,  and  rag-pickers. 

The  solemn  restitution  of  the  keys  of  Mexico- 
by  France  to  the  Mexican  Republic  comes  in  for 
deserved  attention.  An  act  so  courteous  is  well 
wortli  recording,  and  it  is  interesting  to  read  that 
the  green,  white,  and  carmine  standards  which  had 
been  taken  by  the  French  troops  were  restored  to 
Mexico  at  the  same  time. 

The  number  of  L'lnfermnliaire  for  the  20th  of 
September  contains  an  account  of  Alphonsine 
Plessis,  known  as  Marie  Duplessis,  the  courtesan 
whom  Dumas  fits  idealized  as  "La  Dame  aux 
Camelias."  This  unfortunate,  who  died  of  lung- 
disease  at  twenty-three,  leaving  her  sister  100,000* 
francs,  had  a  wretched  childhood,  during  which 
she  endured  infinite  degradation. 


540 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       in  s.  n.  DEC.  31, 1910. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. — DECEMBER. 

MR.  G.  H.  BROWN'S  Catalogue  54  opens  with 
Ackermann's  '  Colleges,'  4to,  calf,  1816,  257.  ;  and 
'  Westminster  Abbey,'  2  vols.,  4to,  morocco,  1813, 
47.  10s.  Adam's  '  Architecture,'  2  vols.,  folio, 
1900,  is  11.  10s.  Under  Ainsworth  is  the  first 
edition  of  '  Jack  Sheppard,'  3  vols.,  1839,  original 
cloth,  uncut,  67.  15s.  Under  Blake  is  Swin- 
burne's essay,  original  cloth,  1868,  21.  2s.  The 
1757  edition  of  Boccaccio  is  11.  10s.  Under  Book- 
binding is  Fletcher's  '  Foreign  Bookbindings  in  the 
British  Museum,'  21.  10s.  The  original  edition  of 
Brookshaw's  '  Pomona,'  folio,  morocco,  1812,  is 
77.  10s.  Under  Costumes  is  Bounard's  work, 
3  vols.,  4to,  morocco,  1860,  4?.  10s.  There  is  a 
complete  set  of  Ed  wards 's  Botanical  Register. 
Under  Heraldic  is  Dunn's  '  Visitations  of  Wales,' 
2  vols.,  4to,  1846,  in  the  original  cloth,  131.  10s.  ; 
and  under  India,  Forrest's  '  Ganges,'  4to,  1824, 
31.  10s.  There  are  choice  copies  of  La  Fontaine. 
Under  Charles  Lamb  is  the  Edition  de  Luxe, 
12  vols.,  1899,  67.  10s.  ;  under  Lavater,  Hunter's 
Translation,  5  vols.,  4to,  Stockdale,  1810,  31.  10s.  ; 
;and  under  Lytton  the  Edition  de  Luxe,  32  vols., 
157.  There  is  a  fine  library  set  of  Jesse's  Histori- 
cal Works,  30  vols.,  half -calf,  with  full  indexes, 
illustrations  on  Japan  paper,  1901,  151.  Among 
French  works  are  Lacroix's  '  Moyen  Age  et  la 
Renaissance,'  5  vols.,  4to,  Paris,  1848,  61.  10s.  ; 
Pottier's  '  Monuments  Fran^ais,'  2  vols.,  folio, 
morocco,  1839,  11.  10s.  ;  and  Racinet's  '  La 
•Costume  Historique,'  6  vols.,  folio,  Paris,  1888, 
227.  10s.  Under  Kent  are  the  works  of  Harris, 
Greenwood,  and  Ireland. 

Mr.  Charles  F.  Sawyer's  List  23  contains  an 
extra-illustrated  copy  of  the  Library  Edition  of 
Jesse's  '  London,'  extended  to  6  volumes  inlaid 
to  4to  size,  577.  Other  works  extra-illustrated 
are  Jesse's  '  Celebrated  Etonians,'  2  large  hand- 
some volumes,  97.  10s.  ;  Braybrooke's  '  Pepys,' 
presentation  copy,  4  vols.,  107.  10s.  ;  '  Nollekens 
and  his  Times,'  81.  8s.  ;  and  Thornbury's  '  Turner,' 
11.  10s.  All  these  are  handsomely  bound.  Under 
,the  Kit  Cat  Club  is  the  complete  set  of  48  portraits, 
.earlv  copy,  151.  Boydell's  own  copy  of  '  The 
River  Thames,'  1794,  is  21?.  Under  Versailles  is 
the  historical  series  of  French  Court  Memoirs, 
18  vols.,  77.  12s.  6e7.  (only  800  sets  issued).  There 
is  a  collection  of  nearly  1,400  playbills,  127.  12s.  ; 
and  a  handsome  set  in  full  calf  of  Inchbald's 
'British  Theatre,'  42  vols.,  1808-15,  77.  12s.  6d. 
Under  '  Eikon  Basilike  '  is  a  fine  tall  copy  of  the 
first  edition,  1649,  27.  7s.  Qd.  ;  and  under  Gibbon 
the  best  edition  of  the  *  Decline  and  Fall,'  8  vols., 
levant,  57.  17s.  6d.  There  is  a  fine  set  of  Grote's 
'  Greece  '  from  the  library  of  Dr.  Hornby,  12  vols., 
calf,  67.  6«.  Under  Oxford  is  Malton's  series  of 
aquatints,  picked  impressions,  folio,  1802-3, 
-67.  10s.  Under  Dickens  is  the  large-type  Library 
'Edition,  30  vols.,  original  green  cloth,  77.  10s. 
-Some  relic-hunter  may  like  to  be  possessed  of  the 
author's  gun  for  457.  It  has  his  name  engraved, 
also  that  of  J.  Forster ;  and  inside  the  case 
Dickens  has  written  his  first  Christian  name  and 
surname  in  full.  A  humorous  reference  to  this  gun 
is  to  be  found  in  a  letter  of  his  to  Wilkie  Collins, 
i>4  Oct.,  1860.  Dickens,  who  was  but  a  "  cockney 
sportsman,"  exclaimed  on  one  occasion,  having 
missed  again  :  "All  the  demned  rabbits  arc  two 
inches  too  small." 


Mr.  D.  Webste'r's  Leeds  Catalogue  contains  a 
series  of  hand-coloured  engravings  of  cities  and 
towns  of  Spain  and  her  Colonial  possessions  in  the 
sixteenth  century,  many  bearing  dates  of  that 

Period  ;  each  measures  23 J  inches  by  19  £  inches, 
'he  colouring  is  brilliant ;  the  plates  are  in  a 
fine  state,  and  can  be  had  separately.  The  books 
include  Spedding's  '  Bacon,'  7  vols.,  cloth,  27.  15s.; 
Copinger's  '  Bible  and  its  Transmission,'  1897, 
37.  10s.  (presentation  copy  to  Archbishop  Maclagan 
with  his  book-plate)  ;  and  '  Early  English  Prose 
Romances,'  ornamented  by  Harold  Nelson, 
3  vols.,  as  new,  10s.  (limited  to  500  copies  on 
hand-made  paper).  Under  Pater  are  first  editions, 
including  '  Appreciations,'  17.  6s.  There  is  a  set  of 
The  Anglo-Saxon  Hevieiv,  10  vols.,  super-royal 
8vo,  full  morocco,  1899-1901,  37.  15s. 

Messrs.  Henry  Young  £  Sons'  Liverpool 
Catalogue  CCCCXVII.  contains  choice  coloured 
plate  books,  including  a  collection  of  original 
caricatures  by  Gillray,  957.  Under  Rowlandson 
are  first  editions  of  '  Dr.  Syntax,'  287.,  and 
'  Sketches  of  Scarborough,'  77.  7s.  Among  many 
choice  items  under  Cruikshank  is  '  Napoleon*' 
by  Combe,  157.  15s.  Other  works  are  the  first 
edition  of  Bacon's  '  Henry  VII.,'  tall  clean  copy, 
97.9s.  ;  and  original  subscription  copies  of  Bewick's 
Fables,  and  '  Select  Fables,'  2  vols.,  127.  12s. 
(these  contain  Bewick's  receipt).  There  is  a 
beautiful  set  of  Byron,  with  Life  by  Moore  and 
the  first  edition  of  the  Finden  plates,  17  vols., 
calf,  1832-3,  127.  12s.  Much  of  interest  will  be' 
found  under  London,  including  a  unique  copy  of 
Shepherd's  *  World's  Metropolis,'  the  105  views 
being  painted  by  hand,  2  vols.,  half-morocco, 
1851,  57.  5s.  Under  Painters  is  the  first  edition 
of  Walpole's  '  Anecdotes,'  all  the  plates  proofs  on 
India  paper,  5  vols.,  calf,  1828,  167.  16*.  There 
is  a  set  of  Scott,  100  vols.,  half-morocco,  1829-39, 
257.  Under  Tennyson  are  the  first  editions  of 
'  Poems,'  1830,  1833,  and  1842,  4  vols.,  green 
levant,  217.  There  are  bargains  for  book-collectors, 
and  some  fine  old  portraits. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


10  <K0msp0ntottts, 


We  must  call  special  attention  to  the  following 
notices  :  — 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  beg  leave  to  state  that  we  decline  to  return 
communications  which,  for  any  reason,  we  dp  not 
print,  and  to  this  rule  we  can  make  no  exception. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
bo  "The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries  '"—Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancery- 
Lane,  E.G. 

F.  D.  WESLEY  ("Nursery  Rimes").  —See  Mrs. 
Gomme's  '  Traditional  C4ames  of  England,  Scotland, 
and  Ireland,'  2  vols.,  and  Halliwell  -  Phillipps's 
'  Nursery  Rhymes  of  England.' 

J.  HUNTLEY  ("  I  shall  pass  through  this  world 
but  once  ").—  See  10  S.  i.  247,  316,  355,  4&!  ;  v.  260, 
393,  498  ;  vii.  140  ;  xi.  60,  366. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28,  1911. 


INDEX. 


ELEVENTH    SERIES.— VOL.    II. 


[For  classified  articles,  see  ANONYMOUS  WORKS,  BIBLIOGRAPHY,  BOOKS  RECENTLY  PUBLISHED, 
EPIGRAMS,  EPITAPHS,  FOLK-LORE,  HERALDRY,  OBITUARIES,  PROVERBS  AND  PHRASES,  QUOTATIONS, 
SHAKESPEARIANA,  SONGS  AND  BALLADS,  and  TAVERN  SIGNS.] 


A.  (B.  H.)  on  royal  tombs  at  St.  Denis,  449 
A.  (H.)  on  Christopher  Moore,  88 
A.  (J.)  on  slavery  in  Scotland,  374 
A.  (M.)  on  Epitaphiana,  524 

Onion,  its  pronunciation,  14 
Rush  (Sir  W.  B.),  Bt.,  49 

Abb6  Se ,c.  1720,  book  collector,  47,  173 

Abbott  (G.  F.)  on  Commonwealth  grants  of  arms, 

119 

Abbreviations  in  writing,  scheme  of,  429 
Abraham's  beard,  a  game,  29 
Abrahams  (Aleck)  on  Apsley  House,  486 
Beke  (Dr.),  his  Diary,  74 
Bibliography  of  London,  53,  191 
Bishopsgate  Street  Without,  246 
Book-covers  :    "  Yellow-Backs,"  458 
Calonne  (M.  de),  his  house  in  Piccadilly,  9 
Club  Etranger  at  Hanover  Square,  477 
English  sepulchral  monuments  1300,  199 
Harp  Alley,  225 
Haydon  (B.  R.)  and  Shelley,  53 
Humphry  (Ozias),  his  papers,  173 
Islington  historians,  187,  296,  334 
Literary  Gossip,  15 
Moving  pictures  in  Fleet  Street,  456 
Pedlar's  Acre,  Lambeth,  55 
Railways  and  motor-cars  in  1838,  284 
Red  Lion  Square  obelisk,  109 
Registry  Office  :    Register  Office,  377 
Royal  tombs  at  St.  Denis,  65 
St.  Austin's  Gate,  38 
'  St.  James's  Chronicle,'  475 
St.  Pancras  Church  :   engraving,  56 
Smouch,  a  term  for  a  Jew,  375 
Somerset  House,  designs,  25 
Speaker's  Chair,  177 
Stone  in  Pentonville  Road,  156 
Tygris,  a  London  subterranean  river,  209 
Ackerley  (F.  G. )  on  initials  on  Russian  ikon,  32 
Addison  (Gulston    and     Mary)  at    Madras,   101, 

210,  256,  289,  338 

Addleshaw  (Percy)  on  scissors  and  jaws,  497 
Addresses,  loyal,  offered  for  sale,  266,  378 
Adling  Street,  Barnard's  Castle,  locality,  148,  197 
Adrian  IV.  (Pope),  his  ring  and  the  Emerald  Isle, 

208,  250,  396 
Advertisements,  early,  from  '  London  Gazette,'  203 
Affirmations  by  Jews,  "  Jehovah  "  in,  346,  433 
Africa,  South,  slang  in,  63,  138,  372 
Airman,  first  use  of  the  word,  265,  338 
Airmen,  deaths  of  pioneer,  385,  437 
Aislabie  (William),  Westminster  scholar,  429,  47 
Alabaster  boxes  of  love,  169 
Aldermen  of  London,  dates  of  death,  27 
Aldgate,  Thomas  Percy,  Prior  of  Holy  Trinity,  85 
Aldrich  (Dean  Henry),  his  parentage,  368 
.  Aldworth  (A.)  on  Geoffry  Aldworth,  268 


Aldworth  (Geoffry),  King's  musician,  268 
Alexander    III.    (Pope),    and    King    Henry    II.,. 

349,  396 

Alexandrines  in  Shakespeare,  309,  41-7 
Alfieri  (Count  Vittorio),  visit  to  England,  c.  1771  r 

421,  532 

Alford  (Dean  Henry),  edition  of  his  poems,  108,  159 
All  Souls  College,  Oxford,  and  Duke  of  Wharton, 

309,  355 

Allen  (Archdeacon  Fifield),  his  marriage,  449,  517 
Allerton,  Lanes,  and  Hardman  family,  249 
Alleyn  (Charles),  c.  1606,  his  descendants,  88 
Alleyn    (Dame    Etheldreda),    recusant    in    1587,. 

88,  257 
Alleyn    (Sir   John),   d.    1545,   his   biography,    88  > 

176,  257 

Allport  on  Falkland  Islands  :    Capt.  Durie,  288 
Alnwick  on  Florence  Nightingale,  165 
Altham  (James),  Westminster  scholar,  1713.  429 
Alumni     Cantabrigienses,'     conjectural     amend- 
ments, 25 

Alumni  Oxonienses,'  conjectural  amendments,  25 
Amaneuus  as  a  Christian  name,  88,  152,  197 
Ambassadors,  Sir  H.  Wotton  on,  425 
American  authors,  allusions  in,  307,  373 
American  words  and  phrases,  67,  132,  193 
Ancholme  on  Christmas  Bough,  507 
Anderson  (J.  A.)  on  Durham  boat,  207 

Hunter  (Governor)  of  New  York,  447 
Anderson    (P.    J.)    on    Cardonnel's    '  Picturesque 

Antiquities,'  282 

Daniel  (Robert  Mackenzie),  novelist,  167 
Early  graduation  :    Gilbert  Burnet,  427 
'  Gentleman's     Magazine,'     numbering     of 

volumes,  388 

'  Letters  by  an  American  Spy,'  427 
Mathematical  periodicals  :     C.   and  G.   Hut- 
ton,  347,  466 

Municipal  records  printed,  530 
Oatcake  and  whisky  as  Eucharistic  element*, 

188,  396 

Peters  (Father)  and  Queen  Mary,  107 
Querard,  (J.  M.),  87 
'  Shaving  Them,'  by  Titus  A.  Brick,  27 
Angevin  royal  tombs,  184,  223,  278,  332,  356,  390, 

410,  431 

Anglo-Spanish  author  in  Borrow's  '  Bible  in  Spain," 
119,  171,  314 

Anonymous  Works : — 

Arno  Miscellany,  1784,  148,  234,  293 
Buccaneer,  a  tale  of  Sheppey,  308,  372 
Day  with  Cromwell,  189 
Jane  Shore,  1836,  66,  116,  238 
Jonathan  Sharp,  35 
Julian's  Vision,  189 
Lay  of  St.  Aloys,  388 


542 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


Anonymous  Works:— 

Leaves  from  the  Diary  of  a  Freemason,  189 

Letters  by  an  American  Spy,  427,  536 

Little  Booke  of  the  Perfection  of  Woemen, 

308,  355 

Noble  Boy,  poem,  349 
Notes  from  the  Diary  of  a  Coroner's  Clerk, 

189 

Old  Wishart's  Grave,  story  in  verse,  327 
Political   Adventures   of   Lord   Beaconsfield, 

268,  317 

Keverberations,  68,  111,  134 
Shaving  Them,  27 

Tit  for  Tat,  American  novel,  1855,  489 
Twin  Brothers,  247 
World,  poem,  1835,  408 
Anscombe  (A.)  on  Edward  =  Iorwerth,  34 
Faber  (J.),  69 

Unecungga  :   Ynetunga,  143,  272,  473 
Ansgar,    Master    of    the    Horse    to    Edward    the 

Confessor,  73,  133 

Apperson  (G.  L.)  on  Sir  John  Ivory,  195 
Municipal  records  printed,  287 
Ravensbourne,  17 

Apple  tree  flowering  in  autumn,  149,  199 
Apprenticeship  experiences,  1723,  26 
Apps  (G.  J.),  oil  picture  '  Returning  from  Church,' 

329 

Apsley  House,  date  of  its  purchase,  486 
Arabian  horses  in  pre-Mohammedan  days,  71 
Arabis,  flower-name,  its  derivation,  11,  279 
Aram  (Eugene),  his  trial,  105,  279,  319 
Aravamuthan  (T.  G.)  on  '  Pride  and  Prejudice,'  147 
Arcangelus  (D.  Camerino,)  painter,  517 
Archaeology,  excavations  in  the  Sudan,  108,  235 
Archdeacons  of  Hereford,  c.  1567,  128,  255 
Archer  (H.  G.)  on  Alfieri  in  England  ,  421 
Archibald  (R.  C.)  on  Col.  T.   Condon  :    Capt.    T. 

Mellish,  127 

Ladies  and  University  degrees,  247 
Architecture  and  eminent  men,  342,  398 
Ardea  on  battle  of  Dunbar,  301 
•*  Arden  of  Feversham,'  emendations   in,  226,  337, 

417 

Aristophanes,  music  to,  in  Greek  MS.,  7,  76 
Arkle  (A.  H.)  on  Egerton  Leigh,  114,  236 
Arlette    and    Robert,    Duke    of    Normandy,    347, 

396,  495 

Armada,  Sir  A.  Standen  on  its  preparation,  33 
Armour,  parish,  temp.  Elizabeth,  130,  176,  258 
Arms  granted  by  Commonwealth,  8,  119 
Arms  of  women  on  their  marriage,  109,  175 
Arms,  royal,  in  churches,  their  history,  428,  513 
Armstrong  (E.  A.)  on  Hyde  Park  monolith,  408 
*  Arno  Miscellany,'  1784,  its  author,  148,  234,  293 
Arnold    (Matthew)    on     19th-centurv    eloquence, 

229,  318,  376,  438 

Artephius,  '  De  Characteribus  Planetarum,'  407 
Artibeus,  etymology  of  the  word,  447 
Arundel    (Earl   of),   brother   and   uncle   arrested, 

1585, 208, 251 

Ashton  (James),  Westminster  scholar,  1739,  449 
Asparagus  =sparrowgrass,  its  etymology,  266 
Astarte   on    corpse   bleeding   in*  presence   of   the 

murderer,  328 
"  Storm  in  a  teacup,"  131 

Astley  (Sir  Jacob),  Royalist,  his  portrait,  307 
Astrology  and  Queen  Elizabeth,  107,  197,  359 
Atkinson  (E.)  on  Corio  arms,  89 
Atkyns  (Sir  Robert),  K.B.,  his  marriage,  429,  474 
Attdr  on  "  Fern  to  make  malt,"  279 


Audley  (Sir  Henry).     See  Dudley. 

Austen  (Canon  G.)  on  St.  Hilda:    St.  John  del 

Pyke,  467 

Austen   (Jane),   calendar  mistake  in   '  Pride  and 
Prejudice,'  147,  434,  477  ;    cause  of  her  death, 
348,  397,  438 
Austin  (H.  D.)  on  Artephius,  '  De  Characteribus 

Planetarum,'  407 
Austin  (Roland)  on  Sir  Robert  Atkyns,  474 

Katherine  Parr  (Queen),  359 

Municipal  records  printed,  451 

Prinknash,  313 

Windsor  stationmaster,  114 

Avenger,  H.M.S.,  lost  1847,  its  crew,  130,  239,  294 
Average,  etymology  of  the  word,  106,  235 
Aviation,    early    attempts    at,    166  ;     deaths    of 

pioneer  airmen,  385,  437 
Axon  (W.  E.  A.)  on  '  Amulet  against  Sickness,'  521 

Bookbinding,  first  English  book  on,  403 

De  Quincey  and  Coleridge,  228 

Gutenberg's  42-line  Bible,  355 

Sare  (Richard),  bookseller,  84 

Shorthand  teacher  in  A.D.  155,  285 

Shropshire  newspaper  printed  in  London,  26 

'  Twin-Brothers,'  247 

B.  on  Sydney  Smith  and  Spencer  Perceval,  267 
B.  (A.)  on  "  A  Sunday  well  spent,"  388 
B.  (C.  C.)  on  Dean  Alford's  poems,  159 

American  words  and  phrases,  193 

'  Arden  of  Feversham  '  :   "  Gale,"  417 

Bael  :    Bhel :    Bel,  426 

Clergy  retiring  from  the  dinner  table,  136 

Jew's  eye,  277 

Merluche,  92 

Moses  and  Pharaoh's  daughter,  152 

Peony-royal,  308 

Shakespeariana,  77 

Staple  in  place-names,  192 

Tennyson  :    oorali,  453 

Traherne  :   curious  rimes  to  "  joy,"  426 

Wordsworth  :   variant  readings,  294 
B.  (E.  A.)  on  '  The  Buccaneer,'  308 
B.  (E.  G.)  on  sparrow-blasted,  392 
B.  (G.  D.)  on  genealogical  puzzle,  28 
B.  (G.  F.  R.)  on  William  Aislabie,  429 

Aldrich  (Henry),  368 

Allen  (Fifield),  449 

Altham  (James),  429 

Ashton  (James),  449 

Atkyns  (Sir  Robert),  K.B.,  429 

Barwell  (Richard),  368 

Bisset  (William),  409 

Botany  :    time  of  flowers  blooming,  78 

Cade  (Salusbury),  M.D.,  469 

Clarkson,  170 

Cleaver  (Archbishop  Euseby),  489 

Clerkson,  170 

Cocker,  149 

Cotter  (Rogerson),  M.P.,  489 

Crosby  (John  Montague),  149 

Delisle  (Robert),  149 

Feild  (Theophilus),  190 

Field  (Francis  Ventris),  190 

Finch  (Francis),  469 

Fitzgerald  (Bishop  William),  489 

Flood  (Jocelyn),  529  .# 

Fogge  (Richard),  489 

Foxwell  (Philip),  529 

Fraiser  (Charles),  449 

Gataker,  c.  1796,  409 

Gatehouse  (Alexander),  389 


Not«s  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


543 


B.  (G.  F.  R.)  on  Godfreys  at  Westminster  School, 
389 

Goodchild  (J.),  409 

Goodwin  (John),  409 

Gordons  at  Westminster  School,  389 

Goulands  in  Ben  Jonson,  533 

Guest  (Sir  Lyonell),  509 

Hare  (Thomas),  509 

Jamineau  (Isaac),  509 

Leigh  (Egerton),  68,  178 

Liardet,  49  gl    "'  i 

Man  (George),  49 
|         Neale  (Erskine),  170  !  -\      " 

Nicholls  (Frank),  190 

Peck  (Francis),  68 

Felling  (Edward),  170 

Pickering  (Danby),  230  ;- 

Potter  (Charles),  230 

Thacker  (Gilbert),  49 

Thames  Water  Company,  91 

Thomson,  R.A.,  114 

Trelawny  (Sir  William),  449 

Vernon  (Dorothy),  her  elopement,  497 

Warmestry  (Gervase),  109 

Wetenhall  (Bishop  Edward),  88 

Wilson  (Bernard  or  Barnard).  109 

Wilson  (Sir  John),  88 

Worthen  (John),  88 
B.  (H.)  on  '  Erlkonigs  Tochter,'  89 
B.  (H.  A.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  449 

Colani  and  the  Reformation,  488 
B.  (H.  I.)  on  Edward  =Iorwerth,  35 

Holy  crows,  Lisbon,  155 

Myddelton  :    Dref  :   Plas,  131 

Traherne  (Philip),  383 
B.  (J.)  on  saint's  cloak  on  a  sunbeam,  357 
B.  (J.  B.)  on  St.  Catharine's  College,  Cambridge, 

308 
B.  (J.  E.  C.)  on  oatcake  and  whisky  as  Eucharistic 

elements,  278 

B.  (M.  W.)  on  Doge's  hat,  8 
B.  (R.)  on  Amaneuus  as  a  Christian  name,  88 

Anonymous  works,  238 

Bath  and  Henrietta  Maria,  198 

'  Day  with  Cromwell,'  189 

Mensen  the  courier,  246 

Obvention  bread,  148 

Rupert  (Prince),  56 

Usona  =  U.S.A.,  197 
B — r  (R.)  on  American  words  and  phrases,  132 

Cowes  family,  58 

Teart,  its  meaning,  59 

Tenement-house,  495 
B.  (R.  S.)  on  John  Latham,  209 

Municipal  records  printed,  532 

Pelf,  its  early  meanings,  286 

Prior's  Salford  Church,  9 

Wetenhall  (Bishop  Edward),  434 
B.  (R.  W.)  on  Gulston  Addison's  death,  210,  289 
B.  (S.)  on  Bath  and  Henrietta  Maria,  198 

Limerick  glove  in  a  walnut  shell,  297 
B.  (W.)  on  Matthew  Arnold  on  eloquence,  229,  318 

Follies,  273 

King  in  place-names,  192 
B.  (W.  C.)  on  Anthony  Babington,  205 

Boase's  '  Modern  English  Biography,'  226 

Booksellers,    provincial,    112  ;     Scotch    and 
Irish,  171 

'Christmas  :   bibliography  and  notes,  502 

Cley-next-the-Sea  Church  :    woodwose,  472 

Corpse  bleeding  in  presence  of   the  murderer, 
391 

Crusie,  Scottish  lamp,  393 


B.  (W.  C)  on  Queen  Elizabeth  and  17   November, 
401 

Fea  (James),  Orkney  author,  458 

Friendless  Wapentake  in  Craven,  89 

George  I.  statues,  135 

Goats  and  cows,  534 

Hay,  wet,  535 

Heworth,  its  etymology,  75 

Horses'  names  :   ancient,  283 

Horses'  names  :   modern,  124 

Kipling  and  the  swastika,  338 

Lecturage,  use  of  the  word,  266 

Pitfield  (Rev.  Sebastian),  his  ghost,  510 

Portygne,  its  meaning,  138 

St.  Leodegarius  and  St.  Leger  Stakes,  112 

Sare  (Richard),  bookseller,  137 

Scissors  and  jaws,  448 

Shakespeare  :    chronological  edition,  348 

"  Sovereign  "  of  Kinsale,  256 

Staple  in  place-names,  192 

Tailors,  itinerant,  505 

Turcopolerius,  337 

Wasps,  their  pesent  scarcity,  285 

Westminster  Cathedral,  alphabet  ceremony. 
110 

Wetenhall  (Bishop  Edward),  434 
B.  (W.'G.)  on  snuff-box  inscription,  93 
'  Babe  Christabel,'  by  Gerald  Massey,  267,  312 
Babies'  health  affected  by  kittens,  509 
Babington   (Anthony),   the    conspirator,  deed  of 

1585, 205 
Baddeley  (St.  Clair)  on  Prinknash,  313 

Venice  and  its  patron  saint,  54 
Badge  worn  by  paupers,  its  history,  487 
Bael,  fruit  of  the  JEglc  Marmelos,  426 
Bagnall  (J.)  on  Bath  King  of  Arms,  32 

Coats  of  arms,  mock,  112 

English  sepulchral  monuments,  1300-50,  199 

Follies,  273 

Teart,  its  meaning,  11 

Baily  (Johnson)  on  Prayer  Book  Calendar,  169 
Bald'ock  (Major  G.  Yarrow)   on    Canons,  Middle- 
sex, 535 

Corpse  bleeding  in  presence  of  the  murderer, 
391 

Hughson  ( David  )  =  Ed  ward  Pugh,  89 

Islington  historians,  250 

Red  Lion  Square  obelisk,  176 

Vanishing  London  :   Proprietary  Chapels,  255 
Balfour  (John),  b.  1775,  graduated  1789,  427 
Ball.  Coll.  on  Col.  Phaire,  207 
Ball  (F.   Elrington)  on  Secretaries   to  the  Lords 

Lieutenant,  233 
Ball  (H.  Houston)  on  Jacob  Henriquez  and  his 
daughters,  279 

Public  School  Registers,  52 
Ball  (J.  Dyer)  on  "  Canabull  blue  silke,"  119 

'  Excelsior  '  in  Pigeon  English,  357 
Banks,  telephones  in,  169,  258,  297 
Banks  (Sir  John  Thomas),  place  of  his  birth,  467 
Banks  (M.  J.)  on  Sir  John  Thomas  Banks,  467 
Bar  "  sinister,"  early  use  of  the  term,  485 
Barabbas,  a  publisher,  the  comparison,  29,  92 
Barkley  (R.  W.)  on  General  WTolfe's  death,  37 
Barm  or  Barn  in  place-names,  53,  216 
Barnaby  Rudge,'  by  Charles  Dillon,  comedian, 

348,  397 
Barnes  (Barnaby),  his  '  Parthenopb.il  and  Parthe- 

nople,'  245 

Barwell  (Richard),  1741-1804,  his  parentage,  368 
Basil  the  Great,  translation  of  sentence  in,  190,  454 
Basle,  Prince  Bishop  of,  his  biography,  68,  118 
Bath,  Queen  Henrietta  Maria  at,  150,  197 


544 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


Bath  King  of  Arms,  the  title,  32 
Batsford  (B.  T.)  on  tradesmen's  cards,  348 
Battle  in  Lincolnshire,  1655,  its  identity,  468 
Battle  of  Dunbar,  estimate  of  losses,  301 
Baum  (F.)  on  Max  O'Bell's  works,  409 
Bayley  (A.  B.)  on  Adrian  IV.'s  ring  and  Emerald 
Isle,  250 

All  Souls  College,  Oxford,  355 

Arundel  (Earl  of),  brother  and  uncle  arrested, 
251 

Canons,  Middlesex,  374 

Carlin  Sunday,  314 

Crests,  taxes  on,  511 

Cromwell  (Richard),  his  daughter,  330 

Edward  I.  and  Henry  VIII. 's  queens,  464 

Elephant  and  castle  in  heraldry,  36,  115 

Feild  (Theophilus),  236 

Folly,  158 

Gordons  at  Westminster  School,  437 

Guildhall,  old  statues  at,  312 

Islington  historians,  239 

Jones  (Sir  William)  and  Oxford  University,  3 

Jonson  (Ben)%  132 
t         '  Monsieur  Tonson,'  its  author,  356 

"  On  the  tapis,"  353 

Princes  of  Wales,  70 

Puns  on  Payne,  453 

St.  Catherine's  College,  Cambridge,  359 

Swift  (Dean)  and  the  war  of  1688-91,  317 

Taylor  (Jeremy),  his  descendants,  258 

'  Vertimmus,'  Latin  comedy,  196 

Victoria     (Queen)     and     George    Peabody's 
funeral,  311 

Women  carrying  their  husbands,  452 
Bayne  (T.)  on  '  Arden  of  Feversham  '  :    "  Gale," 
337 

Arnold  (Matthew)  on  eloquence,  376 

Austen  (Jane),  her  death,  397 

Classicly,  use  of  the  word,  449 

"  If  you  ask  for  salt,  you  ask  for  sorrow,"  198 

Jonson  (Ben),  174 

King  in  place-names,  192 

Names  terrible  to  children,  194 

Old-time  English  dancing,  257 

Onion,  its  pronunciation,  14 

Practice :  practise,  246 

Puns  on  Payne,  454 

Rain-smir,  use  of  the  word,  415 

Teest,  its  meaning,  233 

Transcendant,  the  spelling,  305 

Utilitarian,  use  of  the  word,  405 

"  Whom  "  as  subject,  446 

Wordsworth  :   variant  readings,  294,  476 
Bcaconsfield.     See  Disraeli. 
Beaven  (A.  B.)  on  Aldermen  of  London,  27 

Alleyn  (Sir  John),  176 

Browne  (Sir  Richard),  Bt.,  443 

Cooke  (Sir  Thomas),  6 

Grierson,  Grereson,  or  Greir  family,  38 

Knighthood  bestowed  twice,  178 

Latour  (Peter  de),  287 

Percy  (T.),  Prior  of  Holy  Trinity,  85 

Philip  (Sir  Matthew),  24,  133 

Poll-books  of  the  City  of  London,  77 

Robinson  (Sir  John),  Bt.,  74 

Rush  (Sir  W.  B.),  94 

Secretaries  to  the  Lords  Lieutenant,  187 
Beaver-Lea,    place-name    derived  from   beavers, 

263,  311,  391,  436 

Beazant  (H.)  on  minister:  verger  v.  sacristan,  274 
Beckab,  14th-century  word,  its  meaning,  507 
Beefsteak  Club  of  1710,  445,  497 
Beke  (Dr.  Charles),  his  diary,  1841-3,  74 


Bel,  fruit  of  the  JEgle  Marmelos,  426 

Belgian  students'  song,  186 

Belgrave  Chapel,  its  history,  202,  254,  293,  334 

Bell's  edition  of  the  poets,  188,  319 

Bellew  (F. ),  his '  Kossuth  Coppered,'  satirical  poem, 

490 

Belt  family,  186 
Benecke  (C.  S.)  and  Blucher  at  Waterloo,  227 r 

370,  418,  453 

Bennett  (Jane)=Lieut.  J.  Pigott,  1764,  77 
Bennett   (Mrs.)  and   'Jane   Shore':     'Canadian- 
Girl,'  66;  116,238 
Bense  (J.  F.)  on  smouch,  term  for  a  Jew,  292 

'  Tess  of  the  D'Urbervilles,'  96 
Bensly  (Prof.  E.)  on  arabis  :  thlaspi,  11 

Authors  wanted,  214,  278,  436,  512 

Basil  the  Great,  454 

Birds  falling  dead  at  soldiers'  shouts,  393 

Buffoon's  admirers,  534 

Burton's  '  Anatomy  of  Melancholy,'  146 

*  Erlkonigs  Tochter,'  Danish  poem,  237 
Haug  (General),  157 

'  Heroinse,'  355 

King's  '  Classical  Quotations,'  123,  402 

Latin  epitaph  at  Dryburgh  Abbey,  414 

Librarians,  Eminent,  538 

"  Make  "  or  "  mar  "  in  Goldsmith,  37 

*  Pride  and  Prejudice,'  434 
Proverb  quoted  by  Bishop  Fisher,  46 
Seventeenth-century  quotations,  235,  392 
Taylor  (Jeremy)  and  Petronius,  65 
Thackeray  at  the  British  Museum,  472 
Ulysses  and  Pulci,  514 

Women  carrying  their  husbands,  452 
Ben  ton  (Jay)  on  Carlyle  on  singing  at  work,  494 

"  You  have  forced  me  to  do  this  willingly,"  493 
Berkeley   (Lord),  adventures  with  highwaymen, 

1776,  305 

Bermuda,  inscription  in  cemetery,  1783,  525 
Bernau  (C.  A.)  on  "  All  right,  McCarthy,"  358 
Cromwell  (Richard),  his  daughter,  330 
Sark  bibliography,  127 
Vavasour  surname,  its  derivation,  233 
Bevan  (A.  T.)  on  dog  poems,  395 
Bhel,  fruit  of  the  JEgle  Marmelos,  426 
Bible,  history  of,  published  in  Shropshire,  26,  78  ; 
curious  statistics,  119,  171  ;    Gutenberg  42-line 
Bible,  307,  355  ;    Lyoner  Goldene  Bibel,  369  ; 
Printer's     Bible,    edition    c.    1612,    408,    475  ; 
rats  and  plague  connected  in,  465  ;   dog  in,  522 

Bibliography : — 

Artephius,    '  De  Characteribus  Planetarum,' 

407 
Astrologies   ratione    et   experientia   refutat« 

liber,  107,  197 

Bell's  edition  of  the  poets,  188,  319 
Bible.     See  Bible. 
Blake  (William),  241 
Bookbinding,  first  English  book  on,  403 
Book-covers:    "yellow-backs,"  189,237,274, 

295,  373,  414,  458 
Cardonnel's      '  Picturesque      Antiquities      of 

Scotland,'  282 
Chained  books  266 
Christmas,  502 
Devon  archaeology,  487 
Donne's  poems,  7,  75 

Goldsmith  (O.),  his  '  Deserted  Village,'  41, 194 
Hibgame  (Edward  South)  his  library,  306 
'  Hudibras,'  142,  211 
King's   '  Classical  and  Foreign   Quotations,*" 

123,  402 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


545 


Bibliography: — 

'  Letters  by  an  American  Spy,'  427,  536 
London,  53,  113,  190,  464 
Mateell's  '  Vocabulum,'  5281 
'  Miscellanea  ^Cgyptiaca,'  69 
Music,  87 

Peacock  (T.  L.),  508 
Printing,  early,  in  Europe,  126,  176 
8 ark,  127 

Shakespeare  :   biography,  1708/9,  345  ;   chro- 
nological edition,  348,  431 
'  Sir  Edward  Seaward's  Narrative,'  8,  96 
Skeat  (Walter  W.),  61 
Slavonic  literature,  286 
Swedenborg,  22 

Bibliophile  on  book-covers  :   "  Yellow-backs,"  189 
Bierle  family  of  Gamnecourt  Picardy,  429 
Billinge  family  of  Billinge,  Lanes,  369 
Birch  (J.  Basil)  on  Jew's  eye,  208 
Bird  (T. )  on  '  St.  James's  Chronicle,'  409 
Birds  falling  dead  at  soldiers'  shopts,  309,  393 
Birth-records  on  pincushions,  c.  1750,  326 
Bishop,  Prince,  of  Basle,  his  biography,  68,  118 
Bishopsgate  Street  Without,  its  widening,  246 
Bisset  (William),  c.  1670-1747,  his  marriage,  409 
Blacklaw,  in  Scotland,  its  locality,  527 
Bladud  on  '  Le  Paysan  Perverti,'  189 
Blake  (William),  his   '  Laughing  Song  '  :    a  new 

version,  241 

Blanket,  verbal  use  of  the  word,  327,  376 
Bleackley  (Horace)  on  Eugene  Aram,  319 
Berkeley  (Lord)  and  highwaymen,  305 
Casanova  in  England,  386 
Catchpenny,  285 
Common  Hangman,  477 
'  Diaboliad,'  by  William  Combe,  147 
Duels  between  clergymen,  445 
Elliott's  (Mrs.)  '  During  the  Reign  of  Terror,' 

371 

Fisher  (Kitty)  and  '  Belle's  Stratagem,'  346 
Luttrell  (Lady  Elizabeth),  366 
Napoleon  and  the  Little  Red  Man,  447 
Ordinaries  of  Newgate,  325 
Sumner  (Miss)  :   Mrs.  Skrine,  389,  475 
Trecothick  (Barlow),  Lord  Mayor,  298 
Wilkes  (John),  27 
Bliicher  and  Wellington  at  Waterloo,  227,  370, 

418,  453 

Blue  and  buff  as  party  colours,  11 
Blumenordnung  at  Nuremberg,  369,  470 
Blundell   (Thomas),   Macaulay's    friend,    c.   1813, 

365 

Boadicea  and  Battle  Bridge,  place-name,  18 
Boase  (F.),  his  '  Modern  English  Biography,'  226, 

271 

Boase  (F.)  on  mock  coats  of  arms,  59 
Boccaccio,  quotation  from,  428 
Bohemia,  early  printing  in,  286 
Bohemian  musical  folk-lore,  485 
Bohemians  and  gipsies,  popular  error,  306,  418, 

512 

Bolland  (W.  C.)  on  "  broche,"  16 
"Bolton  ffaire  groates,"  meaning  of  the  phrase, 

467 

Bonaparte     (Napoleon),     satiric     parody,     326  ; 
coloured  print  published  1797,  390  ;  five-franc 
pieces,  448  ;   and  Little  Red  Man,  447,  511 
Bookbinding,  first  English  book  on,  403 
Book-covers:    Yellow-backs,  &c.,  189,  237,  274, 

295,  373.  414,  458 
Book-purchases  of  Charles  II.,  32 
Beoks  and  engravings,  their  preservation,  54 


Books  recently  published: — 

Ashdown's    (Mrs.    C.    H.)    British    Costume 

during  Nineteen  Centuries,  259 
Bicknell's  (E.  E.)  The  Channel  Isles,  100 
Bond's  (F.)  Misericords,  359 
Broadley's  (A.  M.)  Chats  on  Autographs,  478 
Broughton's  (Lord)  Recollections  of  a  Long 

Life,  179 
Cambridge    History    of    English    Literature, 

Vol.  IV.,  239 
Cynewulf's  Poems,  trans,  by  C.  W.  Kennedy, 

200 
Davies's     (G.   S.)    Renascence :      Sculptured 

Tombs  in  Rome,  259,  304 
Dobson's  (A.)  Old  Kensington  Palace,  379 
Elliot's  (G.  D.)  During  the  Reign  of  Terror, 

260 

Feuillerat's  (A.)  John  Lyly,  339 
Fifty  Pictures  of  Gothic  Altars,  200 
Fisher's  (H.  A.  L.)  Frederick  William  Mait- 

land,  138 

Harper's  (C.  G.)  The  Cornish  Coast  (South),  19 
Husband's  (M.  F.  A.)  Dictionary  of  Waverlev 

Novels,  439 
Jamieson's  Dictionary  of  Scottish  Language, 

ed.  Johnstone,  79 
Lang's    (A.)    Sir    Walter   Scott   and    Border 

Minstrelsy,  538 
Latham's   (C.)  In  English  Homes,  Vol.  III., 

218 
Law's  (E.)  Shakespeare  as  a  Groom  of  the 

Chamber,  539 
Leadam's  (I.  S.)  History  of  England.  1702-60, 

79 

Longmans'  Historical  Illustrations,  218 
Lyly  (John),  by  A.  Feuillerat,  339 
McClure's  (E.)  British  Place-Names  in  their 

Historical  Setting,  459 

Marczali's  (H.)  Hungary  in  Eighteenth  Cen- 
tury, 159 

Martin's  (C.  T.)  The  Record  Interpreter,  280 
Masefield's  (C.)  Staffordshire,  100 
Monypenny's     (W.     F.)     Life    of    Benjamin 

Disraeli,  Vol.  L,  398 
Nashe's  (T.)  Works,  ed.  McKerrow,  Vol.  V., 

360 
Nobilities    of    Europe,    ed.    by    Marquis    de 

Ruvigny,  419 
Pollard's  (A.  F.)  Political  Historv  of  England, 

1547-1603,  439 
Previte-Orton's    (C.    W.)   Political   Satire   in 

English  Poetry,  38 

Russell's  (Lady)  The  Rose  Goddess,  498 
Seignobos's  (C.)  History  of  Mediaeval  Civiliza- 
tion, 339 
Shakespeare's    Merry    Wives    of    Windsor, 

1602,  ed.  Greg,  100 
Shedlock     (M.     L.),     Eastern     Stories     and 

Legends,  19 

Suffling's  (E.  R.)  English  Church  Brasses,  298 
Swift's  (Jonathan)  Poems,  ed.  W.  E.  Brown- 
ing, 319 
Terry's    (C.    S.)    Scottish    Historical    Clubs, 

1780-1908,  119 
Walker's    (H.)    Literature    of   the   Victorian 

Era,  458 

Whitaker's  Almanack  and  Peerage,  1911,  518 
Wright's  (J.)  Grammar  of  Gothic,  59 
Young's  (W.  T.)  Anthology  of  the  Poetry  of 

the  Age  of  Shakespeare,  518 

Booksellers  :     Bristol,   23  ;     provincial,   52,    112  ; 
Scotch  and  Irish,  170,  418 


546 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


Booksellers'  Catalogues,  40,  80,  139,  179,  220,  260, 
300,  340,  400,  420,  440,  460,  479,  500,  519,  540 
"  Boreal  Bourdaloue,"  Sydney  Smith  on,  368,  473 
Bostock  (R.  C.)  on  Duke  of  Grafton,  East  India- 
man,  237 

Botany  :  time  of  flowers  blooming,  29,  78 
Bowling  (Tom),  typical  sailor,  387,  432 
Bowring  (Sir  John)  and  Fauriel,  letters,  1822,  221 
Bradley  (H.)  on  etymology  of  "  scruto,"  187 

Scupper,  use  as  verb,  207 
Bradshaw  (President),  alleged  burial  in  Jamaica, 

404 

Bramwell  (J.)  on  Billinge  of  Billinge,  Lanes,  369 
Brandreth  (H.  S.)  on  authors  of  quotations,  28, 
488 

Vavasour  surname,  its  derivation,  149 
Brassington  (W.  Salt)  on  Gower  family,  452 
Bread,  obvention,  given  by  parishioners  to  priest, 

148,  216 
Brereton  (W.)  on  Little  Gidding  and  Mary  Colet, 

403 
Breslar  (M.  L.  R.)  on  blanket  as  a  verb,  376 

Book-covers  :  Yellow-backs,  238 

Cromwell  (Richard),  his  daughter,  398 

Goldsmith  and  Hackney,  10 

Henri quez  (Jacob)  and  his  daughters,  150 

"  Jehovah  "  in  affirmations  by  Jews,  346 

Jew's  eye,  277 

Kipling  and  the  swastika,  293 

Sir  Isaac's  Walk,  9 

Smouch,  term  for  a  Jew,  292,  375,  457 

Telephones  in  banks,  258 

Bridgeford  Chapel,  Lamb  ton,  Durham,  site  iden- 
tified, 466 

Brierley  (H.)  on  Upper  Cheyne  Row,  Chelsea,  48 
Bright  (John),  his  quotations,  508 
Bristol  booksellers  and  printers,  23 
Bristol  Cathedral,  tablet  to  Richard  Hakluyt,  84 
Bristow  Cowsway  =  Brixton    Road,   allusions  to, 

448 
"  British  Glory  Revived,"  medal  inscription,  29, 

77,  279 

British  Institution,  its  history,  178 
British  Isles,  statues  and  memorials  in,  42,  242,  381 
British  Museum,  W.  M.  Thackeray  at,  428,  472 
Britten  (F.  J.)  on  clocks  and  their  makers,  308,  394 
Brixton  Road  called  Bristow  Cowsway,  c.  1631,  448 
Broche,  Norman  word,  its  meaning,  16 
Bromby  (E.  H.)  on  arabis  :   thlaspi,  279 

Liston  and  Ducrow,  487 
Brooke   (John),  barrister,  c.    1501,  69,   111,   156, 

257,  394,  457 

Brougham  (Lord),  legacy  to,  190 
Broughton  (Bes),  female  fanatic,  c.  1650,  286,  333 
Brown  (R.  Stewart)  on  Houghton  family,  509. 
Brown  sex  =  female  sex,  the  term,  505 
Brownbill  (J.)  on  UnecUngga  :  Ynetunga,  212,  333 
Browne  (Sir  Richard),  Lord  Mayor  1660-61,  443 
Browne  (Sir  Thomas),  his  marriage,  1641,  509 
Bruce  (Archibald),  fl.  1727,  his  identity,  227 
Brushfield  (T.  N.),  his  death,  480  ;  his  library,  487 
Brutus  on  Malmaison,  289 

Vanishing  London  :  Proprietary  Chapels,  254 
Buddha  in  Christian  art,  147,  217 
Budget,  verbal  use  of  the  word,  47 
Buff  and  blue  as  party  colours,  11 
Buffoon's  admirers  referred  to  by  Fielding,  534 
Builders  in  Devonshire,  1812-30,  310,  418 
Bull  (Edward),  1798-1843,  publisher,  87,  176 
Bull  (Sir  W.)  on  Duke  of  Grafton,  East  Indiaman, 
189 

Maids  of  Taunton,  491 

Swale  (Mrs.),  1761-1845,  248 


Bull     (Sir     W.)      on     Isaac    Watts 's     collateral 
descendants,  168,351 

Wellington  and  Bliicher  at  Waterloo,  227,  453 
Bullion,  use  of  the  word  in  1336,  its  etymology,  6 
Bulloch  (J.  M.)  on  Belt  family,  186 

East  India  Company's  marine  service,  193  \ 

Gordon  (Charles),  publisher,  67 

Gordon  (Peter),  explorer,  126 

Gordon  (Pryse  Lockhart),  266 

Military  Corps  of  Ladies,  1803,  448 

Stair  divorce,  1820,  489 
Burdon  (C.  S.)  on  Rumbelow,  38 

Speaker's  Chair,  218 

Statues  in  the  British  Isles,  383 
Burghmote  =  court  of  a  city,  1743,  510 
Burnet  (Bishop  Gilbert),  early  graduation,  427 
Burntisland  place-name,  its  derivation,  249 
Burr  (Mrs.  A.  M.),  artist,  her  biography,  268,  350 
Burton  (R.), '  Anatomy  of  Melancholy,'  quotations 

in  reprints,  146 

Bury  St.  Edmunds  and  Cowper  family,  369 
Butler  (Samuel)  and  pirated  edition  of  '  Hudibras,* 
142,  211 

C.  (A.  B.)  on  lucky  shoes,  509 

C.  (B.  L.  R.)  on  Christmas  Mummers  as  mammals, 

507 

C.  (E.  H.)  on  "  All  right,  McCarthy,"  396 
C.  (F.  R.)  on  melmont  berries,  29 
C.  (G.  F.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  188 
C.  (G.  E.)  on  Oxford  Court,  536 

Trecothick  (Barlow),  Lord  Mayor,  335 
C.  (L.)  on  Corio  arms,  217 

Cowes  family,  97 

Doge's  hat,  78 

Irwin  (Dame  Elizabeth)  :  Sir  John  Murray,  76 

Palata  (Duchess  of),  99 
C.  (S.  D.)  on  arms  of  Stoneley  Priory,  59 

Chapel  le  Frith,  72 

Corio  arms,  217 

Fraiser  (Charles),  495 

Sir  Isaac's  Walk,  Colchester,  74 
C.  (W.)  on  Queen  Katherine  Parr,  99 
C.  (W.  J.)  on  Capt.  Pottinger  or  Porringer,  248 
Cade  (Salusbury),  M.D.,  his  marriage,  469 
Caird  (Peter),  uncle  and  nephew,  c.  1753,  468 
Caister  life-boat,  account  of  its  wreck,  429 
Calais  lost  for  lack  of  mustard,  308 
Calendar  in  Prayer  Book,  169 
Calonne    (Charles    Alexandre    de),    his    house    in 

Piccadilly,  9 

Calvary  at  Myddelton  Lodge,  Ilkley,  235 
Calvert  (Hon.  Mrs.)  at  a  Drawing-Room,  1818,  427 
Cam  on  Boccaccio  quotation,  428 
Campbell  (Niall  W.)  on  saint's  cloak  and  sun- 
beam, 357 
Cambridge,  arms  of  St.  Catharine's  College,  308, 

359 

"  Canabull  blue  silke,"  1559,  33,  119 
Cannell  (Eva  Bright)  on  Maids  of  Taunton,  408 
Canons,     Middlesex,     18th-century    house,     328, 

374,  394,  437,  534 

Canpva  (Antonio),  busts  of  Mars  and  Minerva,  528 
Capital,  stone,  in  old  High  Tower,  Westminster, 

181 
Cardonnel  (Adam  de),  his  '  Picturesque  Antiquities 

of  Scotland,'  282 

Cards,  etymology  of  "  pips  "  on,  465,  514 
Cards,  tradesmen's,  c.  1600  and  1700,  348 
Carlin  Sunday  and  "The  Hole,"  Fleet  Street, 

229,  314,  392 

Carlyle  (T.),  French  version  of  his  '  French  Revo- 
lution,' 206  ;   on  singing  at  work,  309,  494 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


547 


Carracci  (Annibale),  picture  of  St.  Gregory,  269, 

377 

Carter  family,  128 

Cartwright  (B.  A.)  on  three-handled  cup,  408 
Casanova  in  England,  1764,  386 
*  Case  Altered,'  humorous  poem,  its  author,  89, 193 
Caslon  (H.  W.)  &  Co.,  type-founders,  266 
Cassilis  (Earldom  of)  and  Samuel  Paterson,  325 
Catchpenny,  use  of  the  word,  285 
Cavallini  (Pietro),  artist  in  mosaic,  in  England, 

468 

Cedric,  Scott's  invention  of  the  name,  326 
Chained  books  in  guard-chamber  at  St.  James's, 

266 
Chair,    Speaker's,    of    old    House    of    Commons, 

128,  177,  218,  331 

Chambers  (L.  H.)  on  Rev.  Thomas  Clarke,  129,  352 

Faber  (J.),  133 

Wesley  (Samuel),  349 
Chambers  (Sir  W.),  design  for  Somerset  House, 

Chapel  le  Frith,  meaning  of  plae«-name,  9,  72 
Chapels,  Proprietary  in  London,  202,  254,  293, 

334 
Chapman    (Richard),    Vicar    of    Cheshunt,    his 

'  Feu  de  Joye,'  441 

Charles  II.,  his  book-purchases,  32  ;    his  Fubbs 
yacht,  107, 171,  253  ;  statue  in  Royal  Exchange, 
322,  371,  454 
Charman  ( J. )  on  Mordaunt's  Index  to  '  Jackson's 

Oxford  Journal,'  289 
Charrington  (J.)  on  Folly,  place-name,  29,  159 

Smith  (J.  R.)  =  Dr.  W.  Saunders,  58 
Charter    of    Edward    III.    to    Newcastle-under- 

Lyme,  125 

Chaucer  (Geoffrey),  reference  in  1417  to  '  Canter- 
bury Tales,'  26 

Cheetham   (F.   H.)  on  Dorothy  Vernon's  elope- 
ment, 498 

Chelsea,  deserted  house  in  Upper  Cheyne  Row,  48 
Chelsea  pensioners,  alleged  murder,  325 
Chemineau,    French    slang    word,    its    meaning, 

126,  376 

Cherubims.  young  owls  called,  505 
Cherubin  or  cherubim,  history  of  the  word,  387 
Chideock,  Christian  name,  its  origin,  49,  153 
Children,  names  terrible  to,  133,  194,  258 
Children's  outdoor  games  in  London,  11 
Chimes,   Westminster,  Anglo-Saxon    hymn    tune, 

609 

China  and  Japan,  their  diplomatic  intercourse,  157 
Chinese  parallel  of  Gaelic  story,  145 
Chippindall  (W.  H.)  on  John  Houseman,  107 
Christian  Catacombs,  illustrated  works  on,  450 
Christian  Fathers,  index  to,  54 
Christian    names :      Amaneuus,    88,     152,     197  ; 
Cedric,  326  ;    Chideock,  49,   153  ;    Edna,  268, 
318  ;   Essex,  534  ;   Galfrid,  33  ;   Ivanhoe,  326 
Christian  symbolism,  illustrated  works  on,  450 
Christie  (J.)  on  Smollett's  '  History  of  England,' 

129,  256 

Christmas,  bibliography  of,  502  ;  old  preparations 

for,  504 

Christmas  bough,  old  custom,  507 
Christmas  bush,  old  custom,  507 
Christmas  family  of  Bideford,  c.  1757,  28 
Christmas  mummers  as  mammals  or  birds,  507 
Christmases,  royal,  at  Gloucester,  501 
Chrononhotonthologists,  the,  c.  1841,  360 
Church  (Sir  Arthur  H.)  on  R.  Churche,  291 
Church   and    churchyard    inscriptions,    165,  244, 

389,  453,  492,  537 
Churche  (Robert),  c.  1600,  his  biography,  249,  291 


Churches,   stained  and  painted   glass   in   Essex, 

361,  462  ;  royal  arms  in,  428,  513 
Churchyard   and   church   inscriptions,    165,    244, 

389,  453,  492,  537 
Chyebassa,  its  locality,  448,  497 
Cinematograph,    its    precursors,    403,    456,    517  ; 

its  evolution,  502,  537 

Circle  of  Loda  in  Scandinavian  mythology,  8,  97 
City  churches  and  churchyards,  inscriptions  in, 

389,  453,  492,  537 
Clagget  on  Peter  Caird,  468 
Clara  Emilia  (Princess)  of  Bohemia,  c.  1641,  79 
Claret,  "  riddle  "  of,  527 
Clarke  (Cecil)  on  Capt.  Crosstree,  432 

Charles  II.  statue  in  Royal  Exchange,  454 

Court  Leet :  Manor  Court,  33 

*  Drawing-room  Ditties  '  in  '  Punch,'  94 

Follies,  216 

Kipling  and  the  swastika,  293 

Nightingale  (Florence),  her  residences,  365 

Royal  Exchange  frescoes,  508 

St.  Mark's,  North  Audley  Street,  368 

Snails  as  food,  218 

"  Sweet  lavender,"  144 

Twain  (Mark),  78 

Vanishing  London  :  Proprietary  Chapels,  254 

Wellington  and  B  Richer  at  Waterloo,  371 
Clarke  (Dr.  E.  Daniel )=  Angelica  Rush,  49,  93 
Clarke  (H.  Wray)  on  Jeremy  Taylor's  descendants, 

471 

Clarke  (Dr.  Hyde),  his  Milton  researches,  427 
Clarke     (Rev.    T.),    Rector    of     Chesham    Bois, 

memorial  tablet,  129,  352 

Clarkson  (George),  Westminster  scholar,  1808,  170 
Clarkson  (William),  Westminster  scholar,  1772, 170 
Classicly,  use  of  the  word,  449 
Classics,  notes  by  Gibbon  on,  188 
Clayton  (Herbert  B.)  on  books  and  engravings,  54 

Dictionary  of  Mythology,  255 

Doyle  (B.),  W.  Newman,  and  '  Punch,'  402 

George  I.  statues,  51 
Clayton   (K.   E.)   on   Cley-next-the-Sea  Church: 

"  Woodwose,"  388 

Cleaver  (Archbishop  Euseby),  his  parentage,  489 
Clements  (H.  J.  B.)  on  Sir  Eyre  Coote,  295 

Holy  crows,  Lisbon,  116 

"  Sovereign  "  of  Kinsale,  255 
Clergy  retiring  from  dinner-table,  9,  69,  136,  239 
Clergymen,  duels  between,  445,  494 
Clerkson  (Frederick),  Westminster  scholar,  1811, 

170 

Clerkson  (H.  C.),  Westminster  scholar,  1808,  170 
Clermont     (Jane),    conversations    with    Mr.    W. 

Graham,  108 
Clocks,  English,  in  Pontevedra  Museum,  Galicia, 

267,  338 

Clocks  and  their  makers,  308,  394 
Cley-next-the-Sea  Church,   Norfolk,  stone  figure 

in,  388,  471 

Club,  Beefsteak,  c.  1710,  445,  497 
Club  Etranger  at  Hanover  Square,  c.  1787,  407,  477 
Coade  of  Lambeth  and  artificial  stone,  14 
Coats  of  arms,  mock,  59,  112,  128 
Cochrane  (R.)  on  '  Edinburgh  Literary  Journal,' 
,  267 

"  Cock  Tavern  "  at  Temple  Bar,  its  history,  13 
Cockburn    (Lieut. -Col.),  R.A.,  c.    1830,   his   bio- 
graphy, 27 

Cock  o'  wax,  the  epithet,  528 
Cocker  (G.  T.),  Westminster  scholar,  1817, 149,  236 
Cocker  (S.  J.  N.),  Westminster  scholar,  149,  236 
Cogswell  (J.  G.),  eminent  librarian,  489 
Coinage  temp.  James  L,  "  crown,"  268 


548 


I  N  D  E  X. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


Colani  (T.)  and  the  Reformation,  488 

Coleridge  (S.  T.)  on  firegrate  folk-lore,  17  ;     and 

De  Quincey,  228,  477 
Coles  (J.)  on  English  wine  and  spirit  glasses,  378 

Lovell  family,  373 

Colet  (Mary)  and  Little  Gidding,  1680,  403 
Collins  =  letter  of  thanks,  149,  196 
Collins  (F.  Howard),  his  '  Authors'  and  Printers' 

Dictionary,'  429  ;  death,  440 
Collison-Morley  (Lacy)  on  Mrs.  Montagu,  281 
Colman  (George),  '  Man  of  the  People,'  Aberdeen, 

1782,  16 

Cologne,  Archbishop  of  :  two  tracts,  1583,  328,  433 
Cologne,    Kings    of,    and    Elizabeth    Woodville, 

1474,  449 

Colonials  in  the  House  of  Commons  before  1653,387 
Combe  (W.),  his  '  Diaboliad,'  ladies  satirized  in, 

147 

Comet  and  death  of  Julius  Caesar,  18,  57 
Commonwealth  grants  of  arms,  8,  119 
Condon  (Col.  T.),  c.  1733,  his  wife,  127 
*  Congdon's  Plymouth  Telegraph,'  1808,  435 
Congreve  (Galfrid-K.)  on  Arabian  horses,  71 

Hobby-horse,  417 

Shakespeariana,  163 
Connal  (W.)  on  James  II. 's  corpse,  449 
Consecration  ceremony  at  Westminster  Catnedral, 

49,  110 

Conyngham  (Elizabeth  Lady),  her  peculations,  508 
Cooke  (Sir  Thomas),  Mayor  of  London  c.  1454,  6 
Coope  (F.  Egerton)  on  Richard  Coope,  487 
Coope  (Richard)  of  Fulham,  his  biography,  487, 

536 
Cooper  (Lane)  on  De  Quincey  and  Coleridge,  477 

'  Letters  by  an  American  Spy,'  536 

Wordsworth  :    '  The  Cuckoo-clock,'  324 

Wordsworth  :   variant  readings,  222,  416 
Coote  (Sir  Eyre),  monuments  to,  227,  295,  335 
Corbel-steps  :    Corbie-steps,  the  term,  426 
Corbyn,  bottle  used  by  druggists,  405,  495 
Corder  (W.  S.)  on  Plantagenet  tombs  at  Fonte- 

vrault,  356 
Cordier  (Henri)  on  Sir  John  Bowring  and  Fauricl, 

221 

Corio  family  arms,  89,  217 
Corn,  dishonesty  associated  with,  508 
Corpse  bleeding  in  presence  of  murderer,  328,  390, 

498 

Corstopitum,  origin  of  the  name,  388 
Corstorphine,  origin  of  the  name,  388 
Corve  on  Trout  or  Trowte  family,  450 
Coryate  (Thomas),  manner  of  his  death,  85 
Coston  (John),  epitaph  in  St.  Bololph's,  Alders- 
gate,  485 

Cotter  (Rogerson),  M.P.  for  Charleville,  489 
Count  of  the  Holy  Roman  Empire,  509 
Court  Leet  ceremony,  Hampstead,  33 
Courtenay  (Viscount),  afterwards  Earl  of  Devon, 

128 
Courtney  (W.  P.)  on  Mrs.  Burr,  painter,  350 

Chapman  (Rev.  Richard)  :   '  Le  Feu  de  Joye,' 
|  441 

Crashaw  (Richard)  at  Rome,  205 

Crosstree  (Capt.) :   Tom  Bowling,  432 

Dover  (Thomas),  526 

Gem  (Richard),  121,  233 

Hayman  (Robert),  poet,  206 

Mundy  (Peter),  506 

Pickering  (Danby),  492 

Trecothick  (Barlow),  Lord  Mayor,  335 
Courtois  (L.  J.)  on  Rousseau  and  Davenport,  427 
Cowes  family,  58,  97,  255 
Cowley  (Mrs.),  *  The  Belle's  Stratagem,'  346 


Cowper  (William)  and  Cowper  family  of  Fornharn 

All  Saints,  369 

Cows  and  goats,  folk-lore,  466,  534 
Cox  (F.  J.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  327 
Crashaw  (Richard)  at  Rome,  1660,  205 
Craven,  Friendless  Wapentake  in,  89 
Crawford  (C.)  on  Puttenham  and  Gascoigne,  363, 
444 

Tottel's  '  Miscellany  '  and  Turbervile,  1,  103, 

182, 264 
Crawley  (H.  H.)  on  Greenwich  Market,  209 

Shakespeare  and  Peeping  Tom,  189 
Crests,  exemption  from  tax  on,  410,  511 
Cricket  slang,  derivation  of  "  googlie,"  38 
Crimean  War,  flint  firelocks  in,  168,  214,  250 
Criminal  superstitions,  investigation  of,  347 
Cromwell    (O.),    and    Louis    XIV.,     168  ;      gun- 
barrel,  1632,  329 
Cromwell  (Richard),  his  daughter  and  descendants, 

287,  330, 398 
Crooke  (W.)  on  Kipling  and  the  swastika,  239 

Longfellow's  '  Excelsior,'  358 

Sleepless  arch,  135 

Crosby  (John  Montague),  Westminster  scholar,  149 
Cross  (J.  W.)  and  biography  of  George  Eliot,  327 
Crosses,  books  describing,  310,  535 
Crosstree  (Capt.),  nautical  character,  387,  432 
Crouch  (C.  Hall)  on  epitaphiana,  524 
Crow,  Greek  proverb  concerning,  408 
Crown  coin,  temp.  James  I.,  modern  equivalent,268 
Crows,  holy,  Lisbon,  67,  116,  155 
Crusie,  Scottish  lamp,  described,  328,  393 
Crypt,  Guildhall,  Mr.  S.  Perks  on,  365 
Crystal  Palace,  casts  of  Plantagenet  tombs,  356, 

390,  410,  431 

Cuckoo,  Japanese  folk-lore,  446 
Cummings  (C.  L.)  on  '  The  World  :   a  Poem,'  408 
Cup,  three-handled,  and  Henry  of  Navarre,  408,457 
Curious  on  All  Souls  College,  Oxford,  309 

Kempesfeld  :    Kemys,  119 
Curry  (J.  T.)  on  "  Love  me,  love  my  dog,"  522 

Roma  Aurca,  248 

Vavasour  surname  :   its  derivation,  233 
Curtis  (J.)  on  "  Opusculum,"  328 
Curzon  of  Kedleston  (Lord)  on  George  I.  Statue,  7 
Cutter  (W.  P.)  on  Garrick  and  '  Romeo  and  Juliet,' 

47 
Cyprian  image  legend ,  96 

D.  on  book-covers  :    "  Yellow-backs,"  274 

Folly, 113 

"  Foul  anchor,"  168 

Knighthood  and  Disraeli,  431 

Rallie-papier,  its  meaning,  356 

Snails  as  food,  353 

Turcopplerius  :   Sir  John  Shelley,  371 

Vanishing  London  :   Proprietary  Chapels,  293 
D.  (B.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  408 
D.  (C.)  on  Chevalier  de  Laurence  and  heraldry,  18 

'  Reverberations  '  :   W.  Davies,  134 
D.  (H.  L.  L.)  on  Denny  and  Windsor  families,  274 

Goring  House,  369 
D.  (J.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  327 

Barabbas  a  publisher,  29 

Knights  of  the  Swan,  369 

Poor  Souls'  Light :    "  Totenlaterne,"  448 

Statesman  in  '  Friends  in  Council,'  329 

Women  carrying  their  husbands,  452 
D.  (J.  M.)  on  alabaster  boxes  of  love,  169 

Usona=U.S.A.,  148,  254 
D.  (K.)  on  Shakespeariana,  28,  163 
D.  (M.  L.)  on  minster  :   verger  r.  sacristan,  130 
D.  (P.  G.)  on  Speaker's  Chair,  177 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


549 


D.  (B.  C.)  on  King  in  place-names,  130 

Vatch,  308 
D.  (T.  P.)  on  oatcake  and  whisky,  237,  356 

Peel  (John),  397 

Rain-smir,  use  of  the  word,  416 

Riddle  of  Claret,  527 

Sorning,  its  meaning,  145 

Tennyson's  '  Margaret,'  138 

Thames  Water  Company,  91 
Dancing,  old-time  English,  166,  25.7 
D'Angle  (Guichard),  knight,  1377,  427,  472,  493 
D'Arcy  (S.  A.)  on  Duchess  of  Palata,  29 
Dalmation  night  spectres,  66 
Danes'-blood,  a  flower,  origin  of  the  name,  488 
Daniel    (Robert    Mackenzie),    novelist,    his    bio- 
graphy, 167 

Dante,  saving  a  child  from  drowning,  469 
Dante  codex  in  John  Rylands  Library,  46, 172,  291 
Danteiana,  82 
Darlington  (O.  H.)  on  "  All  right,  McCarthy,"  286 

"  Who  was  your  nigger  last  year  ?  "  286 
Dartmouth,  vicars  of,  1653-1779,  149,  257 
Davenport  and  J.  J.  Rousseau,  1767,  427,  536 
Davers    (Sir   Robert),   M.P.,   born   in  Barbados, 

1653,  387 
Davies  (A.  Morley)  on  flowers  blooming,  78 

Saint's  cloak  and  sunbeam,  357 

Thames  Water  Company,  90 

Unecungga  :    Ynetunga  :    Ga,  272 
Davies  (Gerald  S.)  on  *  Renascence,'  304 
Davis  (N.  Darnell)  on  Bradshaw  in  Jamaica,  404 

Colonials  in  the  House  of  Commons,  387 
Davis  (T.  Arnold )  on  Sir  Eyre  Coote,  227 
Davy  (A.  J.)  on  Christmas  bibliography,  502 

King  (John),  artist,  235 
Dawes  (C.  R. )  on  Doge's  hat,  56 
Day  (John),  his  will,  1584,  368 
Deakin  (Mary)  on  George  Eliot,  327 
Deedes  (Prebendary  Cecil)  on  holy  crows,  155 

Saint's  cloak  and  sunbeam,  515 
Deeks  (A.)  on  Cowper  and  Cowpers  of  Fornham 

All  Saints,  369 

De  Eresby  or  D'Eresby  family,  117,  214 
Deffand  (Madame  du)  and  Mrs.  Montagu.  281 
Defoe  (Daniel),  his  portrait,  307  ;    and  Methodist 

Chapel,  Tooting,  505 

Delaware,  Durham  boat  used  on  the,  207 
Delisle  (Robert),  Westminster  scholar,  1805,  149 
Deloney  (Thomas),  two  tracts  by,  1583,  328 
Denbighte  on  Myddelton  :   Dref  :   Plas,  132 
Denham  (A.  E.)  on  East  India  Company's  marine 

service,  68 

Denizen,  derivation  of  the  word,  71,  111,  154,  196 
Dennis     (John),    his     '  Letters    on    Milton    and 

Congreve,'  447 

Denny  and  Windsor  families,  153,  274 
Dent  (E.  F.)  on  '  Parson  and  the  Painter  '  :    Phil 

May,  388 

Den  ton  (G.  Bion)  on  Jacobite  garters,  144 
Dequevauviller  and  portrait  of  Joseph  Lancaster, 

348 

De  Quincey  and  Coleridge,  228,  477 
D'Eresby  or  De  Eresby  family,  117,  214 
Deters  (F.)  on  English  sepulchral  monuments,  47 
De  Tynten  family,  349 
Devon,  South,  Weston  Mouth  in,  369 
Devonia  on  SS.  Prothus  and  Hyacinthus,  528 
Devonian  on  builders  in  Devonshire,  310 
Devonshire,  names  of  builders  in,   1812-30,  310, 

418 

De  Witt  (Cornelius),  murdered  1672,  his  descend- 
•    ants,  8 
4  Diaboliad,'  by  W.  Combe,  ladies  satirized  in,  147 


Dibdin  (E.  Rimbault)  on  Jane  Austen's  death,  439 
Crosstree  :   Tom  Bowling,  432 
Smith  (Father),  the  organ  builder,  515 
Dickens  (C.)  on  Royal  Humane  Society,  87,  194; 
1  Oliver  Twist '  on  the  stage,  129,  191,  215,  234  ; 
'  Haunted  Man  and  the  Ghost's  Bargain,'  186 
Dicky  birds  =omnibus  conductors,  55 
Dictionaries  of  Mythology,  167,  255,  294 
'  Dictionary    of    National    Biography,'    additions 
and  corrections,  6,  49,  89,  93,  109,  117,  146,  151, 
167,  347,  368,  406,  409,  427,  446,  469,  472,  489 
Diego  on  Calais  lost  for  lack  of  mustard,  308 
Elizabethan  licence  to  eat  flesh,  115 
Goats  and  cows,  534 
Goldsmith's  '  Deserted  Village,'  194 
"  It   takes   all   sorts   of   people   to    make   a 

world,"  534 

Diggle's  Folly  at  Dover,  215 
Directory,  word  used  in  poem  c.  1660,  148 
Dishonesty  associated  with  corn-dealing,  508 
Disjection,  use  of  the  word,  289,  359 
Dispense  Bar,  meaning  of  the  term,  66,  156 
Disraeli  (Benjamin),  his  phrase  "  blundering  and 
plundering,"  267  ;  *  Political  Adventures  of  Lord 
Beaconsfield,'  268,  317 ;    identity  of  Henrietta 
Temple,  425  ;  and  Macready,  506 
Divorce  case,  Stair,  1820,  489 
Dixon  (Ronald)  on  '  Jane  Shore,'  116 
Ladies  and  University  degrees,  395 
M.P.'s  unidentified,  173 

Dodington  (George  Bubb),  his  literary  circle,  10 
Dog,  the  friend  of  man,  522 
Dog  poems,  349,  395 
Doge's  hat,  correct  name  for,  8,  56,  78 
Doncaster  races  and  St.  Leodegarius,  66,  112 
Donne  (J.),  editions  and  MSS.  of  his  poeins,  7,  75 
Doombar,  use  of  the  word,  486 
Door-knocker  etiquette,  17,  115,  137 
Doreen  (Esther)  on  Dickens  and  Royal  Humane 

Society,  87 

D'Orsay  (Count),  MS.  journal  shown  to  Byron,  56 
Douglas  (W.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  214 
'  Barnaby  Rudge,'  by  Charles  Dillon,  397 
Duenna  and  '  Little  Isaac,'  55 
Major  (H.  A.),  255 
'  Monsieur  Tonson,'  its  author,  356 
Peacock's  '  Essav  on  Fashionable  Literature,* 

62 

Pedlar's  Acre,  Lambeth,  55 
Wilkinson,  comedian,  516 

Dover  (Thomas),  physician  and  buccaneer,  526 
Dow  (J.  M.)  on  Thomas  Paine's  gravestone,  238 
Doyle  (Richard),  W.  Newman,  and  '  Punch,'  402 
Draget,  14th-century  word,  its  meaning,  509 
'  Drawing-Room  Ditties  '  in  '  Punch,'  48,  94,  154, 

199,  234 

Dref,  Welsh  place-name,  131 
Drinking  to  Gargocil,  meaning  of  the  phrase,  509 
Drory  (Leonard),  engineer,  d.  1815,  507 
Dryburgh  Abbey,  Latin  epitaph  at,  348,  414 
Dryden  (J.),  "  fry  "  as  verb,  321,  378 
Ducrow  and  Liston,  quotation,  487,  536 
Dudley  (Sir  Henry),  his  identity  and  execution, 

117, 230 

Duels  between  clergymen,  445,  494 
'  Duenna  and  Little  Isaac,'  engraving  and  play, 

8,  55 
Dugdale  (W.),  Nottingham  monastery  unrecorded 

in,  468 
Duke  of  Grafton,   East  Indiaman,  and  Warren 

Hastings,  189,  237 

Dummie-Daws  =  guest-house,  Scotch  term,  388, 455 
Dunbar,  battle  of,  estimate  of  losses,  301 


o50 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


Buncombe  (Sir  Saunders),  his  biography,  87,  152 
Dunheved  on  book-covers:    *'  Yellow-backs,"  237 

Doombar,  use  of  the  word,  486 

Loyal  addresses,  378 

Durham  boat  on  the  Delaware,  its  origin,  207 
Durie  (Capt.)  on  the  Falkland  Islands,  288 
Dwight  (T.  FO  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  92 

E.  on  Shenstone  and  the  Rev.  R.  Graves,  29 

E.  (0.)  on  "  Jehovah  "  in  affirmations  by  Jews,  433 

E.  (K.  P.  D.)  on  horses  stabled  in  churches,  129 

E.  (M.)  on  Ben  Jonson,  67 

Earle  (Elspeth)  on  oath  of  Hippocrates,  371 

Earthenware  tombstone,  earliest,  14,  72,  538 

Earthquake  in  Italy,  1654,  64,  132 

East  India  Company's  Marine  Service,  68,  134, 

157,  193 
Easter,  green  vestments  at,  in  Soissons  Cathedral, 

127 
Eden  (F.  Sydney)  on  Anglo-Spanish  author,  171 

Folly,  place-name,  78 

Glass  in  Essex  churches,  361,  462 

Stones  in  early  village  life,  96 

Thames  Water  Company,  90 

Edgcumbe  (R.)  on  "  Fare  thee  well,  my  dearest 
Mary  Ann,"  267 

Scupper,  the  verb,  298 

Turcopolerius,  247 

'  Edinburgh  Literary  Journal,'  267,  317,  338 
Editor  on  "  Latifundia  perdidere  Italiarn,"  45 
Editor  '  Irish  Book  Lover  '  on  Edward  Bull,  176 

Maginn  (Dr.),  his  writings,  74 

Muncipal  records  printed,  532 

"  Sovereign  "  of  Kinsale,  256 
1         Watch  (Will),  the  smuggler,  353 

Weale  (James),  169 
Edna  as  Christian  name,  268,  318 
Elliott  (Mrs.  G.  D.),  her  '  During  the  Reign  of 

Terror,'  324,  371 

Edward,  Kings  of  England  so  named,  31,  70 
Edward=»Iorwerth  in  Welsh,  34 
Edward  I.,  Queens  of  Henry  VIII.  descended  from, 

464 
Edward  the  Confessor's  tomb  and  Pietro  Cavallini, 

468 
Edwards  (F.  A.)  on  Sir  Henry  Dudley,  117 

Egyptian  Literary  Association,  69 

Hampshire  Hog,  57 

Printing,  early,  in  Europe,  126 

Roosevelt,  it  pronunciation,  78 

Sudan  archaeology,  108 
Effigies,  Plantagenet,  plaster  casts  of,  184, 223,  278, 

332,  356,  390,  410,  431 

Effigies,  wooden,  at  Weston-under-Lizard,  268,  356 
Egyptian  Literary  Association,  69 
"  Egyptian  Pompe,"  use  of  the  term,  1598,  166 
Eiloart  (Arnold)  on  Dean  Alford's  poems.  108 
Election,  Parliamentary,  at  Lincoln,  1724,  287 
Elephant  and  castle  in  heraldry,  36,   115,  231, 

353,  398 

Elephants,  performing,  in  England,  1720,  366 
Eliot  (George),  biographical  details,  327 
Elizabeth  (Queen),  and  astrology,  107,  197,  359  ; 
observance    of    her    accession   day,    401,    453  ; 
pressgang  temp.,  525 

Elizabethan  licence  to  eat  flesh,  68,  115.  135 
Ellacombe    (Canon    H.    N.)    on    '  Dra wing-Room 

Ditties,'  48 
Ellis  (A.  S.)  on  Beaver-leas,  263 

Brooke  (John),  257,  457 

Edwards,  Kings  of  England,  70 

Royal  Christmases  at  Gloucester,  501 

Sweepstake  as  a  surname,  86 


Ellis  (H.  D.)  on  Cley-next-the-Sea  Church,  472 

*  Old  Wishart's  Grave,'  327 

Elton  (Capt.  Andrew),  d.  1710,  his  biography,  230 
Ely  Cathedral,  maze  on  porch  pavement,  148,  235 
Elyas  (Abbot),  recovery  of  his  coffin-lid,  309,  372 
Emigrants,  Scottish,  oaths  of  allegiance,  248 
Emerald  Isle,  origin  of  the  designation,  208,  250, 

Emeritus  on  Chyebassa,  497 

Seersucker,  kind  of  cloth,  138 
Tracked  stones  found  in  Ireland.  288 
'  English  Freeholder,'   political  periodical,    1791, 

108, 216 
English   sepulchral   monuments,    1300-1350,    47, 

154,199 

English  wine  and  spirit  glasses,  328,  378,  434 
Engravings  and  books,  their  preservation,  54 
Enquirer  on  clergy  retiring  from  dinner-table,  9 
Entwisle  and  Millikin  families,  466 
Envelope,  musical,  c.  1840,  508 

Epigram : — 

"  The  King  of  Great  Britain  was  reckon'd 
before,"  135 

Epitaphs : — 

All  that  he  hath  writ,  163,  422 

Far  from   thy   Country,   Kindred,   and   thy 
Friends,  343 

Hie  conjuncta  suo  recubat  Francisca  marito, 
485 

Hie  jacet  Domnvs  G.  D.,  109,  150 

Hie  jacet  (heu  !)  stat  nominis  umbra,  524 

Homo  est  bulla,  348,  414 

Honest  miller,  508 

Hugo  Hollandus  flevit,  88 

I  am  a  big  flint  stone,  524 

Libros  vendidit,  346 

Like  Job,  my  wife  and  children  dear,  524 

Living  he  learned  to  die,  and  so  expected,  453 

Long  may  thy  name  as  long  as  marble  last,  524 

None  printed  more  and  erred  le?se  in  print, 
407,  477 

Manwood  (Sir  Roger),  1629,  24 

The  dark  and  silent  grave,  326 

The  sign  of  the  Son  of  Man,  525 

With    quick    perceptions,    sense,    and    fancy 

blest,  344 

Episcopal  Visitations,  Articles  of  Inquiry,  9 
'  Erlkonigs  Tochter,'  Danish  poem,  89,  237 
"  Est,  Est,  Est,"  inscription,  345,  413 
Eucharistic    elements,    oatcake    and    whiskv  as, 

188,237,278,356,396,456 
Eugene  (Prince)  of  Savoy,  statue  of,  8 
Eumseus  and  Homer,  critic's  reference  to,  447 
Euribek  on  alexandrines  in  Shakespeare,  309 
Europe,  early  printing  in.  126,  176 
Everitt  (A.  T.)  on  'Annals  of  England,'  355 

Lovell  family,  435 

Pitfield  (Rev.  Sebastian),  his  ghost,  510 
Ewen  (Edith)  on  authors  of  quotations  wante  1,449 
Exhibition  of  1851,  its  motto,  410,  452,  493 

F.  (A.  L.)  on  Elizabethan  licence  to  eat  flesh,  68 

Knights  of  Malta  in  Sussex,  409 
F.  (C.  W.)  on  Kipling  and  the  swastika,  292 
F.  (G.  B.)  on  Lincoln's  Inn  vines,  367 
F.  (J.  F.)  on  '  Excelsior  '  in  Pigeon  English,  309 
F.  (J.  K.)  on  drinking  to  Gargocil,  509 
F.  (J.  T.)  on  architecture's  distinguished  deserters, 
398 

Book-covers  :    "  Yellow-backs,"  274 

Cherubin  or  cherubim,  387 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


551 


F.  (J.  T.)  on  "  Fern  to  make  malt,"  279 

Hatless  craze,  25 

Ladies'  hats  in  theatres,  518 

Minster:  verger,  314 

Saint's  cloak  and  sunbeam,  438 

Sleepless  arch,  177 

Snails  as  food,  175 

P.  (R.  C.)  on  Prior  Thomas  Percy,  137 
F.  (S.  J.  A.)  on  'Barnaby  Rudge,'  by  Charles 
Dillon,  348 

Book-covers  :    "  Yellow-backs,"  295,  415 

Capt.  Crosstree  :  Tom  Bowling,  432 

Ladies'  hats  in  theatres,  386 

Major  (H.  A.),  129 

'  Monsieur  Tonson,'  its  author,  310 

'  Oliver  Twist '  on  the  stage,  129 

Smouch,  a  term  for  a  Jew,  457 

Thackeray  and  the  stage,  428 

Wilkinson,  comedian,  468 
I<.  (T.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  297 
Faber  (Rev.  F.  W.),  memorial  to,  489 
Faber  (J.),  artist,  1814,  his  biography,  69,  133 
Faillteau  (Francis),  Westminster  scholar,  296 
Fairies,  ruffs  and  reeves  mistaken  for,  265,  319 
Falkland  Isles,  Capt.  Durie  and  his  daughter,  288 
Falstaff,  his  "  food  for  powder  "  justified,  525 
Fanshawe  (H.  C.)  on  Michael  Wright,  painter,  228 
Farley  (Abraham),  Westminster  scholar,  1720,  37 
Farrer  (W.)  on  Barn  or  Barm  in  place-names,  216 

Beaver-leas,  391 

Heworth,  its  etymology*  75 

Manor  :   Sac  :   Soke,  157 

Fauriel  (C.),  Sir  John  Bowring's  letters  to,  221 
Fea  (Allan)  on  James  Fea,  308 
Fea  (James),  naval  surgeon,  308,  412,  458 
Feild  (Theophilus),  Westminster  scholar,  190,  236, 

Fell  (Mary  A.)  on  authors  of  quotations,  28 

Feoff ment  "  separitite,"  form  of  conveyance,  56 

Fere,  derivation  of  the  word,  304,  358,  393 

Fern  to  make  malt,  1619,  228,  279 

Fever  and  spider's  web,  a  superstition,  109,  194 

Fiddles  at  sea,  description  of,  526 

Field  (Francis  Ventris),  Westminster  scholar,  190 

Fielding  (Henry),  'Jonathan  Wild  the  Great,'  261 

Fig  tree  and  vines,  Lincoln's  Inn,  367.  453 

Figarola-Caneda    (E.)    on   ladies    and    University 

degrees,  498 

Finch  (Francis),  Westminster  scholar,  469 
Firelocks,  flint,  in  Crimean  War,  168,  214.  250 
Fisher  (Bishop),  proverb  quoted  by,  46 
Fisher  (Kitty)  and  '  The  Belle's  Stratagem,'  346 
Fishwick  (Col.  H.)  on  wet  hay,  469 
Fitzgerald  (William),  Bishop  of  Clonfert,  489 
Fitzherbert  (Mrs. ),  sale  of  her  goods  at  Brighton,  68 
FitzSimmons  (W.  J.)  on  '  Saturday  Review,'  305 
Flag,  National,  days  appointed  for  hoisting,  5 
Flaherty  (W.  E.),  his  '  Annals  of  England,'  289, 

354,  438 

Flax  Bourton,  Somerset,  place-name,  12 
Fleming  (W.)  on  a  game  leg,  296 

Oath  of  Hippocrates,  391 

Flesh,  Elizabethan  licence  to  eat,  68,  115,  135 
Fletcher  (E.),  painter,  his  works,  528 
Fletcher  ( J.  M.  J. )  on  St.  Agatha  at  Wlmborne,  29 

Wimborne  a  double  monastery,  49 
Fletcher  (W.   G.   D.)  on  elephant  and  castle  in 

heraldry,  398 

Flint  firelocks  in  Crimean  War,  168,  214,  250 
Flint  stone  memorial,  Stevenage,  Herts,  524 
Flint  (T.)  on  birds  falling  dead  at  soldiers'  shouts, 

309 
Carlyle  on  singing  at  work,  309 


Flint    (T.)  on  Carlyle's  '  French  Revolution  '  in 
French,  206 

Disjection,  use  of  the  word,  289 

Mendiant,  French  dessert,  268 

"  You  have  forced  me  to  do  this  willingly,"  289 
Flood  (Jocelyn),  Westminster  scholar,  529 
Flood  (W.  H.  Grattan)  on  ladies  and  University 

degrees,  395 

Fogge  (Richard),  Westminster  scholar,  489 
Foligno  (C.)  on  Ulysses  and  Pulci,  514 

Folk-lore:— 

Apple  tree  flowering  in  autumn,  149,  199 

Babies  and  kittens,  509 

Bohemian  musical,  485 

Corpse    bleeding  in  presence     of     murderer, 
328,  390,  498 

Criminal  superstitions,  347 

Cuckoo,  446 

Dalmatian  night  spectres,  66 

Danes'-blood,  flower,  488 

Firegrate,  17 

Frightening  powders,  289 

Goats  and  cows,  466,  534 

Irish,  boys  in  petticoats,  65,  137,  293 

Knots  in  handkerchiefs,  506 

Lowthers  r.  Howards,  504 

Lucky  shoes,  509 

Motorists  as  fairies,  126 

Pig-killing  and  the  moon,  504 

Salt,  150,  198 

Seven,  in  Papua,  305 

Shem,  Ham,  and  Japhet,  185 

Spider's  web  and  fever,  109,  194 

Stones,  9,  96 

West  Indian,  225,  352 

Wet  hay,  469,  535 

Woodwose,  388,  471 

Folkard  (G.  de  Cassel)  on  French  Church  registers, 
159 

Latour  (Peter  de),  351 
Folkard  (H.  T.)  on  '  Jane  Shore,'  66 
Follies,  topographical,  29,  78,  113,  158,  215,  273 
Folly-lane,  29,  78,  113,  158,  215,  273 
Fontevrault,  Plantagenet  tombs  at,  184,  223,  278, 

332,  356,  390,  410,  431 

Footsac,  South  African  slang  word,  63,  138,  372 
Forbes  (Archibald),  his  representatives,  227 
Foreign,  derivation  of  the  word,  71,  154 
Fores  (Messrs.),  their  musical  envelope,  c.  1840,  508 
Forest  or  Forrest  (Theodosius),  attorney,  1770,  429 
Forshaw  (C.  F.)  on  Gladstone  at  Wilmslow,  224 

Telephones  in  banks,  169 
Fortune  of  War,  tavern  sign,  18 
Foster  (J.  E.)  on  Paris  family,  94 
Foster  (J.  J.)  on  Carter  family,  128 
Fothergill    (Gerald)   on   Laughton-en-le-Morthen, 
528 

Ravenstonedale,  488 
Foul  anchor,  naval  term,  its  origin,  168 
Fourth  estate,  origin  of  the  term,  137 
Fox  (George),  Quaker,  his  portrait,  307 
Fox  (W.  H.)  on  the  Ravensbourne,  17 
Foxwell  (Philip),  Westminster  scholar,  529 
Fraiser  (Charles),  physician  to  Charles  II.,  449, 

495 

France  (Anatole),  his  '  Thais,'  107 
Francis  (John  Collins)  on  Eugene  Aram,  105 

Author  of  quotation  wanted,  33 

Book-covers  :    "  Yellow-backs,"  415 

Garibaldi  and  his  flag,  97 

Guildhall  Crypt,  365 

National  Flag,  5 


552 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


Francis  (John  Collins)  on  Plantagenet  tombs  at 
Fontevrault,  184,  223,  410 

Roupell  (William),  271 

Sotheran  *  Co.  in  Piccadilly,  244 

Vanishing    London  :      Proprietary     Chapels, 

202,  294,  334 
Franco  family,  166 
Freckle,  etymology  of  the  word,  204 
Frederic,  Prince  of  Wales,  his  death,  368,  434 
Frederick,  King  of  Bohemia,  letter  from  James  I., 

484 
Freeman  (J.  J.)  on  martinet,  206 

'  Parson  and  the  Painter,'  433 

Rupert  (Prince),  10 
French  Church  registers,  159 
4  French  Revolution,'  by  Carlyle,  French  version, 

206 

Frescoes  in  Royal  Exchange,  guide  to,  508 
4  Friends  in  Council,'  identity  of  statesman  in,  329 
Frightening  powders,  a  cooling  medicine,  289 
Frith  (William  Powell),  memorial  inscription,  346 
Frost  (F.  C.)  on  "  If  you  ask  for  salt,"  198 

Turcopolerius,  336 

Turkey  captives  :   brief  at  Wincanton,  31 
Fry,  to  swarm,  in  Dryden  and  Leigh  Hunt,  321, 

378 
Fry  (E.  A.)  on  Grey  family,  14,  512 

Index  to  the  Christian  Fathers,  54 

New  Bunhill  Fields,  Borough,  28 

Watermarks  in  paper,  327 
Fubbs  yacht  of  Charles  II.,  107,  171,  253 
Fulham  deed  of  1627,  206 
Fuller  (Peck  and  Beckford),  Westminster  scholars, 

236,  295 

Fynmore  (A.  H.  W.)  on  door-knocker  etiquette,137 
Fynmore  (Col.  R.  J.)  on  duels  between  clergymen, 
494 

Gage  (Sir  Henry),  469 

Galfrid,  33 

Hatchment  in  Hythe  Church,  529] 

Knapp  (George),  M.P.,  35 

Lord  Mayors  and  their  counties,  177 

Mayney  family,  448 

Military  musters  :    parish  armour,  176 

Moke  family  of  Flanders,  194,  378 

Peck  (Francis),  295,  418 

Provincial  booksellers,  52 

Rush  (Sir  W.  B.),  94 

Statues  and  memorials,  43 

G.  (G.  H.)  on  crow  proverb,  408 

G.  (H.)  on  women  carrying  their  husbands,  409 

G.  (J.  T.)  on  ladies  and  University  degrees,  437 

G.  (L.  F.)  on  General  Wolfe  and  Yankees,  186 

G.  (M.  N.)  on  Tennyson's  '  Margaret,'  95 

G.  (O.  F.)  on  '  Waterloo  Banquet,'  53 

G.  (P.  C.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  408 

Crosstree  (Capt.),  387 

Eurnams  and  Homer,  447 

Homer  and  Ulysses,  407 

Robert  of  Normandy  and  Arlette,  347 

Ulysses  and  Pulci,  407 

Ulysses,  "  the  Scapin  of  epic  poetry,"  447 
Ga,  old  Teutonic  word,  272,  332,  473 
Gaelic  story  and  Chinese  parallel,  145 
Gage  (Sir  Henry),  Governor  of  Oxford,  469 
Gaidoz  (H. )  on  merluche,  92 
Gainsborough  (T.)  and  Capt.  W7ade,  226 
Gale,  use  of  the  word  by  poets,  337,  417 
Gale  family,  367 
Galfrid  as  a  Christian  name,  33 
Galicia,  English  clocks  at  Pontevedra,  267,  338 
Game  leg,  origin  of  the  term,  229,  296,  315,  392 


Games  :  Abraham's  beard,  29  ;   London  children's 

outdoor,  11 

Gamnecourt,  Picardy,  its  situation,  429,  512 
Gamp  =  umbrella,  origin  of  the  word,  268,  335,  398 
Gardiner  (A.)  on  "  I  slept,  and  dreamed  that  life 

was  Beauty,"  349 

Raleigh  (Sir  W'alter)  and  tobacco,  489 
"Sheeny,"  nickname  for  a  Jew,  409 
Gardiner  (Egerton)  on  Earl  of  Arundel's  brother 

arrested,  208 
Dudley  (Sir  Henry),  231 
Garforth  ( J. )  on  Spexhall  Church,  8 
Gargocil,  drinking  to,  meaning  of  phrase,  509 
Garibaldi,  his  flag  and  its  motto,  7,  97 
Garrett  (R.  M.)  on  Barnaby  Barnes,  245 
Garrick    (David),    his    version    of    '  Romeo    and 

Juliet,'  47,  95  ;   in  France,  287,  359 
Garters,  Jacobite,  their  origin,  144 
Gascoigne    (George)    and   Puttenham's    '  Arte   of 

English  Poesie,'  363,  444 
Gataker,  Westminster  scholar  c.  1796,  409 
Gatehouse  (Alexander),  Westminster  scholar,  389 
Gaye  (A.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  488 
Gem  (Richard),  English  physician  in  Paris,  121, 

172,  233,  291 
Gem   (S.  Harvey)  on  Mrs.  Elliott's   '  During  the 

Reign  of  Terror,'  324 
Gem  (Richard),  172,  291 

Genealogical  tables,  symbol  for  unnamed  issue,  29 
Genealogist  on  Goldwin  Smith's  '  Reminiscences,' 

317 
'  Gentleman's  Magazine,'  numbering  of  volumes, 

388,  477 

George  I.,  statues  of,  7,  50,  98,  135,  199 
George  II.,  poem  on  his  death,  its  author,  8 
George  II.  to  George  V.,  remarkable  longevity,  125 
Gerbier  (C.),  '  Praise  of  Worthy  Women,' 308,355 
Gerish  (W.  B.)  on  Adrian  IV.'s  ring  and  Emerald 

Isle,  250 

Apple  tree  flowering  in  autumn,  199 
Corn  and  dishonesty,  508 
Corpse  bleeding,  390 
Epitaphiana,  524 
Hobby-horse,  258 
"  If  you  ask  for  salt,"  198 
Inscriptions  in  City  churches,  389 
Latour  (Peter  de),  351 
Loyal  addresses,  266 
Monastic  sites  and  buried  treasure,  169 
Stones  in  early  village  life,  9 
German    spelling :     omission    of   h    after    f,    306, 

372,  455 
Gibbon    (Edward),    notes    on    the    classics,    188  ; 

and  his  copyist  Edward  Hibgame,  306 
Gibbons    (Grinling)    and    statue    of    Charles    II., 

322,  454 

Gibbs  (A.  W.)  on  Bath  and  Henrietta  Maria,  150 
Giblett  (William),  date  of  his  death,  346 
Gibraltar,  inscriptions  in  the  King's  Chapel,  342  ; 

in  Sandpits  Cemetery,  423,  483 
Gildersleeve  (O.),  Jun.,  on  Gildersleeve  family,  27 
Gildersleeve  family,  27 
Gillman  (C.)  on  "  teart,"  11 
Gingham  =  umbrella,    origin    of    the    word.    268, 

335,  398 

Gipsies  and  Bohemians,  popular  error,  306,  418,  512 
Gladstone  (W.  E.)  at  Wilmslow,  224,  311 
Glamis  Castle,  traditional  mystery,  446 
Glass,   stained  and  painted,   in   Essex   churches, 

361,  462 

Glasses,  wine  and  spirit,  English,  328,  378,  434 
Glegg  (Lieut.-Col.  John  B.),  his  representatives, 
87,  196 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


553 


Glenny  (Alexander),  1726-82,  his  biography,  509 

Glenny  (W.  \V.)  on  Edna  as  Christian  name,  318 

Gloucester,  royal  Christmases  at,  501 

Glove,  Limerick,  in  a  walnut  shell,  249,  297 

Glynn  (Richard),  publisher,  178 

Goats  and  cows,  folk-lore,  466,  534 

God  save  the  people  !  earliest  use  of  the  phra?e,  38 

Godbold  (H.  J.)  on  Sir  William  Godbold,  64 

Godbold  (Sir  William),  his  travels,  64,  132 

Godfrey  :   WTaller  :   Myra,  446 

Godfrey  (James),  Westminster  scholar,  389 

Godfrey  (Robert),  Westminster  scholar,  389 

Godfrey  (William  Duncan),  Westminster  scholar, 

389,  437 

Goethe  (J.  W.  von),  his  '  Erlkonig,'  89,  237 
Goldsmith     (Oliver),     and    Hackney,     10,     98  ; 

"  make  "    or   "  mar  "   in,   37  ;    his   '  Deserted 

Village,'  editions  of  1770,  41, 194 
Gollop  (Roger),  Recorder  of  Romsey,  488 
Goodchild  (J.),  Westminster  scholar,  409 
Goodwin  (John),  Westminster, scholar,  409 
Googlie,  cricket  slang,  its  derivation,  38 
Gordon  (Charles),  publisher,  his  identity,  67 
Gordon  (John),  Westminster  scholar,  389,  437 
Gordon  (Joseph),  Westminster  scholar,  389,  437 
Gordon  (Peter,)  explorer,  his  parentage,  126 
Gordon  (Pryse  Lockhart),  1762-1845,  266 
Gordon   (Capt.   R.   J.)  and  the  African  Associa- 
tion, 159 

Gordon  (William),  Westminster  scholar,  389,  437 
Gordon    (William   James),   Westminster  scholar, 

389,  437 

Gore  (Mrs.),  her  '  Agathonia,'  228 
Goring  House  during  Civil  War,  369 
Goss  (C.  W.  F.)  on  the  Ravensbourne,  17 
Gouland,  in  Jonson's  '  Pan's  Anniversary,'  429,532 
Gould  (A.  W.)  on  poll-books  of  the  City  of  London, 

29 

Gould  (Samuel),  bookseller,  his  epitaph,  346 
Gower  (Richard  Hall),  d.  1833,  his  descendants,  469 
Gower  (R.  Vaughan)  on  Richard  Hall  Gower,  469 

Gower  family,  249 

Gower  family  of  Worcestershire,  249,  417,  452 
Graduation,  early  instances,  427 
Graham     (W.),     his     conversations     with     Jane 

Clermont,  108 

Graves  (Rev.  R.)  and  Shenstone,  29 
Graveyard  inscriptions.     See  Churchyard. 
Great  Western  on  Windsor  stationmaster,  114 
Greek  History  with  illustrations,  228,  438 
"  Green-backs  "  first  published,  c.  1847,  373,  414 
Greenwich  Market,  1740,  pictures  of,  209,  313 
Greenwood  (J.  A.)  on  Folly,  113 

H.M.S.  Avenger,  294 
Greir,  Grierson,  or  Greresone  family,  38 
Grey  family,  14,  376,  512 
Grierson,  Greresone,  or  Greir  family,  38 
Grierson  (H.  J.  C.)  on  Donne's  poems,  7 
Grose  (Francfe),  in  picture  by  Nathaniel  Hone,  429 
Grumbledories,  Jonson's  use  of  the  word,  174 
Gruselier  (Gregory)  on  Capt.  Andrew  Elton,  230 
Guest  (Sir  Lyonell),  Westminster  scholar,  509 
Guildhall,  old  statues  in,  252,  312  ;    Mr.  S.  Perks 

on  the  Crypt,  365 
Gutenberg,  his  42-line  Bible,  its  publication,  307, 

355 

H  after  /,  omission  in  German  spelling,  306,  372, 455 
H.  on  statues  in  the  British  Isles,  243 
H.  (A.)  on  arms  of  women,  109 
H.  (A.  C. )  on  Goldwin  Smith's '  Reminiscences,'  278 
II.  (H.)  on  elephant  and  castle  in  heraldry,  353 
\Vooden  effigies  at  W>ston-under-Lizard,  356 


H.    (H.    K.)   on   Plantagenet    tombs    at    Fonte- 

vrault,  431 

H.  (I.  I.)  on  '  Drawing-Room  Ditties,'  154 
H.  (J.  C.)  on  Gale  family,  367 
H.  (L.),  his  '  Les  six  Ages  de  la  Femme,'  469 
H.  (M.  D.)  on  Elizabeth  Woodville,  449 
H.  (M.  F.)  on  Ozias  Humphry's  papers,  48 
H.  (O.)  on  magazine  story  of  a  deserter,  129 
H.  (S.  H.  A.)  on  "'  Fern  to  make  malt,"  279 
H.  (W.  A.)  on  clergy  retiring  from  dinner-table,  70 

George  I.  statues,  51 

Maginn's  writings,  74 

"  Plundering  and  blundering,"  267 
H.  (W.  B.)  on  Canons,  Middlesex,  394 

Coote  (Sir  Eyre),  his  monuments,  335 

Dickens's  *  Haunted  Man,'  186 

Epitaphiana,  524 

Folly,  159       . 

Frederic,  Prince  of  Wales,  434 

Glamis  Castle  mystery,  446 

"  Keep  within  Compass,"  tavern  sign,  505 

Legacy  to  first  Lord  Brougham,  190 

Moran  (Edward  R.),  236 

Order  of  Merit,  144 

Peacock's  (T.  L.)  '  Monks  of  St.  Mark,'  398- 

Sailor's  song  :    Daniel  and  the  pirate,  229 

Temple  at  Jerusalem  :    MS.  work,  109 
H.  (W.  S.  B.)  on  crosses,  535 
H.-S.  (W.)  on  H.M.S.  Avenger,  294 
Hackney  and  Oliver  Goldsmith,  10,  98 
Hadley  (H.)  on  bibliography  of  London,  464 
Hakluyt  (Richard),  tablet  in  Bristol  Cathedral, 

84 

Hale  (W.  G.)  on  '  Young  Folks,'  450 
Halkett  (Samuel),  librarian,  his  biography,  489 
Hall  (E.),  his  '  Chronicle  '  of  Henry  IV.,  368,  458 
Hall  (J.  E.  P.)  on  Dr.  J.  C.  Litchfield,  268 
Hall  (Mrs.  S.  C.)  her  '  Buccaneer,'  308,  372 
Halley  and  Pyke  families,  44 
Halls  district  of  Cheshire  and  Shropshire,  history, 

329,  416,  473 

Hamill  (A.  E.)  on  St.  Armand,  367 
Hampden  (John)  and  Ship  Money,  16 
Handkerchiefs,  knots  in,  as  reminder,  506 
Handyman  =  sailor,  earliest  use  of  the  term,  113 
Hanging  alive  in  chains,  abolished  before   1609, 

406 

Hanging-Sword  Alley,  its  name,  269,  337 
Hangman :  Thomas  Tallis  or  Turlis,  325,  477 
Hanover  Chapel,  Peckham,  its  demolition,  46,  455 
Hanover  Square,  Club  Etranger  in,  407,  477 
Harald  (King)  the  Gold  Beard,  389,  458 
Hardisty  (Margaret)  on  Poultney  :    Pulteney,  329 
Hardman  family  and  Allerton,  Lanes,  249 
Hardy  (T.), Legend  in  'Tessof  the  D'Urbervilles/ 

96 

Hare  (Thomas),  Westminster  scholar,  1743,  509> 
Harmatopegos  on  Chideock,  49 

Minstef  :    verger  v.  sacristan,  274 
Harp  Alley,  City,  its  traditions,  225 
Harris  (E.  B.)  on  Strettell-Utterson,  94 
Harrovian    on    '  Manners    and    Customs    of    the 

French,'  76 
Hartshorne  (A.)  on  George  Bubb  Dodington  and 

his  circle,  10 

Plantagenet  tombs  at  Fontevrault,  390 
Hastings  (Warren)    and    the    Duke   of    Grafton, 

East  Indiaman,  189,  237 
Hatchment  in  Hythe  Church,  529 
Hatless,  a  recent  craze,  25 
Hats  of  ladies  in  theatres,  386,476,  518 
Hatton    (Edward),   his   portrait   and   biography, 

9,  54,  96,  151 


554 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


Haug  (General),  c.  1849,  his  biography,  66,  157 
Haultain    (A.)    on    Goldwin    Smith's    '  Reminis- 
cences,' 167 

Haultmont  (M.)  on  "  yon  "  :    its  Italian  equiva- 
lents, 133 

Haviland  (John),  printer,  1638,  407,  477 
Hawkes  family  in  Ireland,  129 
Hawkes-Strugnell  (W.)  on  King  Harald  the  Gold 

Beard,  389 
Hay,  wet,  in  Webster's  *  Duchess  of  Main,'  469, 

535 

Haydon  (B.  R.)  and  P.  B.  Shelley,  53 
Hayman  (Robert),  poet,  his  biography,  206,  270 
4  Headlong  Hall,'  by  T.  L.  Peacock,  508 
Hedgcock  (P.  A.)  on  Garrick  in  France,  287 
Helmet  on  taxes  on  crests,  410 
Hellwig  (Dr.  A.)  on  criminal  superstitions,  347 
Hems  (Harry)  on  black  and  red  rats,  537 
Crosses,  535 

Door-knocker  etiquette,    18 
George  I.  statues,  98 
St.  Hilda  :  St.  John  del  Pyke,  516 
Saint's  cloak  and  sunbeam,  357 
Henderson   (W.   H.)  on  Hermit's   Cave,  Weston 

Mouth,  369 

Henkel  (F.  W.)  on  *  Annals  of  England,'  354 
Henningsen  (C.  P.),  and  Louis  Kossuth,  510 
Henrietta  on  Basil  the  Great,  190 
Henrietta      Maria      (Queen),      supposed      second 

marriage.  100  ;    at  Bath,  150,  197 
Henri  quez  (Jacob)  and  his  seven  daughters,  150, 

236,  279 

Henry  II.  and  Pope  Alexander  III.,  349,  396 
Henry  IV.,  Hall's  '  Chronicle,'  368,  458 
Henry  VIII.,  his  queens  descended  from  Edward 

I.,  464 

Henry  of  Navarre  and  three-handled  cup,  408,  457 
Heraldry,  Chevalier  de  Laurence  on,  18  ;  of  York, 

Heraldry:— 

Argent,  a  fesse  sable  between  three  mullets 

gules,  488 

Arms,  royal,  in  churches,  428,  513 
Bar  "  sinister,"  485 
Chequy  sable  and  argent,  6 
Coats  of  arms,  mock,  59,  112,  128 
Commonwealth  grants,  8,  119 
Elephant  and  castle,  36,  115,  231,  353,  398 
Essex  churches,  glass  in,  361,  462 
Gules,  a  cross  moline  argent,  208 
Hatchment  in  Hythe  Church,  529 
Howard  of  Effingham  (Lord),  his  first  wife, 

Latimer  branch  of  Nevill  family,  328 

Per  fesse  gules  and  argent,  in  chief  a  lion 

issuant,  217 

Sable,  a  Catharine  wheel  or,  308,  359 
Shield,  royal,  of  Scotland,  129      - 
Taxes  on  crests,  410,  511 
Women,  their  arms,  109,  175 
York,  arms  of  the  Archbishops,  426 
Herbert  (S.)  on  Robert  of  Normandy  and  Arlette, 

397 

Herbwoman  to  the  King,  256,  312,  377,  436 
Hereford,  Archdeacons  of,  c.  1567,  128,  255 
Heristal  on  Count  of  Holy  Roman  Empire,  509 
Hermit's  Cave,  Weston  Mouth,  South  Devon.  369 
Hesilrige  (Sir  Arthur),  his  portrait,  308 
Hesketh  (C.)  on  Otford,  Kent,  329,  437 
Heslop  (R.  Oliver)  on  Buddha  in  Christian  art,  217 
Heworth,  Yorkshire  place-name,  its  etymology, 
9,  75 


Hibgame  (Edward),  copyist  of  Gibbon's  MS.,  300 
Hibgame   (Edward   South),   his   library  and  bio- 
graphy, 306 
Hibgame  (F.  T.)  on  Caslon's   Type-Foundry,  266 

Defoe  Methodist  Chapel,  Tooting,  505 

Faber  (Rev.  F.  W.),  489 

Thompson  (Francis),  the  poet,  208 

Hanover  Chapel,  Peckham,  46 

Marriage  in  Lincoln's  Inn  Chapel,  226 

'  Tit  for  Tat,'  American  novel,  489 
Higgin  (Orator),  c.  1654,  his  identity,  286 
Higham  (C.)  on  Marie  Huber,  249 

Swedenborg  manuscript,  missing,  22 

Waller  :    Myra  :    Godfrey,  446 
Highwaymen  and  Lord  Berkeley,  305 
Hill  (Frank  H.),his  '  Political  Adventures  of  Lord 

Beaconsfteld,'  268,  317 

Hill  (J.),  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  188,  235 
Hill  (Lewin)  on  "  quiz,"  229 
Hill  (N.  W.)  on  Airman,  265 

Ansgar,  Master  of  the  Horse,  73 

'  Arno  Mesellany,'  1784,  234 

Authors  of  quotations  wanted,  267, 

Bohemians  and  Gipsies,  512 

Burntisland,  its  derivation,  249 

Cowes  family,  255 

Epitaphiana,  525 

Hocktide  at  Hexton  :    Rope  Monday,  58 

'  Jane   Shore  ' :    'The  Canadian  Girl,'  238 

Kempesfeld,  Hampstead,  14 

"  Literary  Gossip,"  15 

Mendiant,  French  dessert,  435 

Mesopotamia  "  Blessed  word,"  253 

Shakespeariana,  162,  163,  422 

Smollett's  '  History  of  England,'  393 

Smouch,  term  for  a  Jew,  375 

Snails  as  food,  315 

South  African  slang,  372 

Surmaster,  426       i 

Tammany  and  England,  338 

Tenement-house,  495 

Hill  (Rev.  Rowland),  autograph  letters,  327,  373 
Hillman    (E.    Haviland)      on    John      Haviland, 
printer,  407 

Hillman  family,  227,  377 

Inscriptions  at  Gibraltar,  425 

Hillman  family  in  Ireland  and  England,  227,  377 
Hinde  (Mildred)  on  Prince  Bishop  of  Basle,  68 
Hippoclides  on  Isola  family,  525 

Latin  hymn  by  St.   Bernard    of  Clairvaux, 
428 

Tennysoniana,  341 

Hippocrates,  wording  of  his  oath,  310,  371,  391 
Hitchin-Kemp  (F.)  on  Canons,  Middlesex,  374 

Kempesfeld,  Hampstead,  13 
Hoare      (Admiral)     and     Smollett's      '  Peregrine 

Pickle,'  421 
Hobby-horse  in  mid-winter  mumming,  209,  257, 

317,  417 

Hobhouse  memoirs,  published  1901,  108 
Hockaday  (F.  S.)  on  Archdeacons  of  Hereford,  128 

Episcopal  Visitations  :    Articles  of  Inquiry,  9 
Hocktide  at  Hexton  :    Rope  Monday,  58 
Hodgkin  (J.)  on  '  Agathonia,'  a  romance,  228 

American  words  and  phrases,  132 

'  Arno  Miscellany,'  1784,  148 

Bath  King  of  Arms,  32 

"  British  Glory  Revived,"  77 

"  Canabull  blue  silke,"  33 

Cley-next-the-Sea   Church :     Woodwose,   472 

Courtenay  (Viscount)  :    mock  coat  of  arms, 
128 

Guichard  d' Angle,  472 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


555 


Hodgkin  (J.)  on  "  Fern  to  make  malt,"  279 

Godbold  (Sir  W.)  :    earthquake  in  Italy,  132 

Herb-woman  to  the  King,  256,  378,  436 

King's  Butler,  156 

Lardiner  at  the  Coronation,  198 

Mendiant,  French  dessert,  333 

Merluche,  92 

Obvention  bread,  216 

Philip  (Sir  Matthew),  Mayor  of  London,  73 

Pigeon-houses  in  the  Middle  Ages,  96 

Portygne,  138 

Prinknash,  314 

Royal  tombs  at  St.  Denis,  116 

Snuff-box  inscription,  93 

Sprott's  Chronicle,  178 

St.  Leodegarius  and  the  St.  Leger,  112 

Tenedish,  354 

Turcopolerius,  336 

Vavasour  surname,  its  derivation,  232 

c  Walrus  and  the  Carpenter  '  parody,  496 

Watermarks  in  paper,  371 
Hodson  (Major)  at  St.  Helena*,  169,  251,  312 
Hodson  (Leonard  J.)  on  Hodson  family,  409 

Peel  (John ),  278 
Hodson  family,  409 
Hog,  Hampshire,  use  of  the  term,  57 
Hogan  (J.  F.)  on  '  Parson  and  the  Painter,'  433 

Skelton  (Col.)  of  St.  Helena,  93 
Hogg  (R.  M.)  on  WTill  Watch,  the  smuggler,  269 
Hole  :    "  The  Hole  "  in  Fleet  Street,  229,  314,  392 
Holman  (H.  W.)  on  '  Sir  Edward's  Narrative,'  8 
Holmes  (Wendell),his  allusions  to 'N.&Q.,' 147, 216 
Holwell  family,  528 

Holworthy  (F.  M.  R.)  on  Hawkes  family  in  Ireland, 
129 

Liardet,  193 

Rush  (Sir  W.  B.),  93 

Holy  Crows,  Lisbon,  their  history,  67,   116,   155 
Homer  and  Eumaeus,  a  critic's  reference  to,  447 
Homer  and  Ulysses,  allegorical  interpretation,  407, 

515 
Hone  (Nathaniel),  his  picture  '  Two  Gentlemen,' 

429 
Hone  (W.),  T.  Q.  M.  in  '  Table  Book,'  230,  336  ; 

J.  W.  in  '  Year-Book,'  230,  335 
Hoole  (Dr.  H.)  on  oath  of  Hippocrates,  310 
Hooper  (Mrs.  Ellen),  her  '  Duty,'  349 
Hope  (Andrew)  on  Epitaphiana,  524 

Minster  :    verger,  314 
Hopwood  (C.  H.)  on  George  I.  statues,  99 

Newgate  and  Wilkes,  269 
Horace,  '  Carmina,'  Book  I.  5,  55 
Hornshole,  place-name,  its  history,  461 
Horses,  modern  names,  124  ;   stabled  in  churches, 
1745-6,   129  ;    ancient  names,  283  ;    names  in 
N.W.  Lincolnshire,  364 

Horses,  Arabian,  in  pre-Mohammedan  days,  71 
Hough  (Bishop  John),  his  family  history,  48,  119 
Houghton  family,  509 
Houkins  (C.)  on  Leake  and  Martin-Leake  families, 

528 
House  of    Commons,    Colonials  in,  before   1653, 

387  ;    portraits  of  Sp.eakers,  406 
Household,  Royal,  book  with  lists  of,  469 
Houseman  (John),  c.  1644,  his  biography,  107 
Howard  of  Effingham  (Lord),  his  first  wife's  arms, 

310,  374 

Howards  v.  Lowthers,  superstition  upset,  504 
"  Howde  Men  "  :    Robin  Hood's  men,  16,  79 
Howe  and  Kennett  families,  229 
Howells  (A.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  88 
,  Huber  (Marie),  '  Le  Monde  fou  pr£fe>6  au  Monde 
sage,'  249 


Huck  (T.  W.)  on  Adling  Street,  197 

King  in  place-names,  192 

Librarians,  eminent,  538 

Vavasour  surname,  its  derivation,  232 

'  Vertimmus,'  196 

Hucks  (William),  M.P.  for  Abingdon,   135 
Hudson  (Major)  at  St.  Helena.     See  Hodson. 
Hughes  (T.  Cann)  on  Dr.  Brushfield's  library,  487 

Dartmouth,  Vicars  of,  149 

English  wine  and  spirit  glasses,  328 

Epitaphiana,  525 

"  Halls  "  district,  473 

King  (John),  artist,  169 

Luscombe  (Bishop  Michael  H.  T.),  349 
Hughson     ( David  )  =  Edward     Pugh,     author     of 

'  London,'  89 

Huguenot  Church  at  Provins,  article  on,  8 
Hulme  (E.  W.)  on  Liardet,  159 

'  London  Gazette  '  :  early  advertisements,  203 
Humphreys  (A.  L.)  on  Frederic,  Prince  of  Wales, 
435 

Maids  of  Taunton,  490 

Turkey  captives,  30 
Humphry  (Ozias),  miniature  painter,  his  papers, 

48,  173 

Hungary,  Shakespeare  in,  345 
'  Hungary  in  the  Eighteenth  Century,'  by  Marc- 

zali,  204,  270 

Hunt  (A.  L.)  on  Rev.  Rowland  Hill,  327 
Hunt  (Leigh),  verbal  use  of  "  fry,"  321,  378 
Hunter  (Governor)  of  New  York  and  New  Jersey, 

447 

Hunting,  Dr.  Johnson  on,  525 
Huntingdonshire  poll-books,  183 
Husbands  carried  by  their  wives,  409,  452,  518 
Hutchinson-Low  (R.  M.)  on  Sterne  family,  329 
Hutton  (C.),  his  '  Miscellanea  Mathematical  347, 

434 

Hutton  (G.),  benefactor  of  King's  College,  Aber- 
deen, 347,  434 

Hyde  Park  monolith,  its  history,  408 
Hyeres  Cathedral,  translation  of  an  inscription, 

109,  150  ^ 

Hymn,  Latin,  by  St.  Bernard  of  Clairvaux,  428 
Hytch  (F.  J.)  on  '  Parson  and  the  Painter,'  477 
Hythe  Church,  hatchment  in,  1638,  529 

I.  (W.)  on  "  Winchester  Quart  "  :    "  Corbyn,"  495 

Ikon,  Russian,  initials  on,  32 

Index  to  the  Christian  Fathers,  54 

India,  Duke  of  Wellington  on  the  loss  of,  286 

Indian  custom,  knots  as  reminder,  506 

Initials  on  Russian  a kon,  32 

Inscriptions  :  in  Hyeres  Cathedral,  109,  150  ;  in 
King's  Chapel,  Gibraltar,  342  ;  in  churches  and 
churchyards,  389,  453,  492,  537  ;  in  Sandpits 
Cemetery,  Gibraltar,  423,  483 

Iorwerth  =  Edward  in  Welsh,  34 

Ireland,  Secretaries  of  the  Lords  Lieutenant,  187, 
233  ;  Abp.  Whately  on  Lord  Lieutenancy,  288, 
353  ;  "  tracked  "  stones  found  in,  288 

Irish  and  Scotch  booksellers,  170,  418 

Irish  superstition  :  boys  in  petticoats  and  fairies, 
65  137  293 

Irish' war  1688-91,  and  Dean  Swift,  269,  317 

Irishman  and  thunderstorm,  110 

Irvine  (W.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  408 

Irwin  (Dame  Elizabeth),  her  will,  1720,  28,  76 

Isaacs  (A.  Lionel)  on  J.  M.  Querard,  177 

Islington  historians,  187,  239,  250,  296,  334 

Isola  family,  525 

Ivanhoe,  Scott's  invention  of  the  name,  326 

Ivory  (Sir  John),  knighted  in  1682,  147,  195,  234 


556 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


J.  (C.)  on  Amaneuus  as  a  Christian  name,  197 
Denizen,  196 
Genealogical  tables,  29 
J.  (D.)  on  George  Knapp,  M.P.,  36 

Marie  Antoinette's  death  mask,  276 
Napoleon  I.  :   satiric  parody,  326 
Virgil,  '  Georg.'  IV.  122,  277 
J.  (F.  A.)  on  Moke  family  of  Flanders,  130 
J.  (M.)  on  '  Les  six  Ages  de  la  Femme,'  469 
J.  (W.  C.)  on  Gamnecourt  in  Picardy,  429 
"  Jack  Ketch's  journeyman  "=thief,  246 
'  Jackson's  Oxford  Journal,'  Mordaunt's  Index  to, 

289 

Jacobite  garters,  their  origin,  144 
Jaggard  (W.)  on  book-covers  :    "  Yellow-backs," 

237 

Crosses,  535 
Disjection,  359 
Goats  and  cows,  534 
"  If  you  ask  for  salt,"  198 
Municipal  records  printed,  451 
Shakespeare  and  Peeping  Tom,  238 
Shakespeare  Quartos  in  Switzerland,  353 
Shakespeare's  Bible,  430 
Telephones  in  banks,  297 
'  Vertimmus,'  196 

Jamaica,  sons  of  Regicides  settled  in,  404 
James   I.,  modern  equivalent  of  a  crown,   268  ; 

letter  to  King  Frederick  of  Bohemia,  484 
James  II.,  corpse  at  St.  Germain-en-Laye,  449 
Jamineau  (Isaac),  Consul  at  Naples,  his  biography, 

509 
Japan,  diplomatic  intercourse  with  China,   157  ; 

marriage  relationships  in,  506 

Jaws  moving  in  sympathy  with  scissors,  448,  496 
"  Jehovah  "  in  affirmations  by  Jews,  346,  433 
Jenkins  (Benjamin)  of  Chepstow,  1712-83,  169 
Jenkins  (Rhys)  on  Thames  Water  Company,  89 

Wall-papers,  12 

Jenkp  (S.),  author  of  Slovene  hymn,  106 
Jennings  (P.)  on  babies  and  kittens,  509 
Jerram  (C.  S.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 

373 

Otford,  Kent,  437 

Jerrold  (W.)  on  Listen  and  Ducrow,  536 
Mock  coats  of  arms,  112 
Saint's  cloak  and  sunbeam,  438 
Jerusalem,  MS.  work  on  the  Temple,  1839,  109 
Jesson  (T.)  on  '  The  Case  Altered,'  89 
Jew-burning  in   Italy,   1799,  346 
Jews,  Jehovah  in  affirmations  by,  346,  433 
Jew's  eye,  meaning  of  the  phrase,  208,  277 
Joan  of  Arc  and  St.  Margaret,  277 
Joel  (John),  Jouel,  or  Juiel,  executed  at  Rouen, 

427 
Johnson  (H.  H.)  on  sparrow-blasted,  267 

Sparrowgrass  :    asparagus,  266 
Johnson  (Dr.  Samuel)  on  hunting,  525 
Jonas  (A.  C.)  on  elephant  and  castle  in  heraldry 

353 

Mansel  family,  533 

Trecothick  (Barlow),  Lord  Mayor,  335 
'  Jonathan  Wild  the  Great,'  c.  1740  :  its  germ,  261 
Jones    (A.    D.)    on    Sir    Anthony    and    Anthony 

Standen,  33 
Jones  (J.  Bavington)  on  apple  tree  flowering  in 

autumn,   199 

Colman's  '  Man  of  the  People,'  16 
'  Drawing-Room  Ditties,'  154 
Follies,  215 

King  in  place-names,  192 
Monastic  sites  and  buried  treasure,  516 
Paine  (Thomas),  his  early  life,  328 


Tones    (J.    Bavington),  on  Pigeon-houses  in  the 

Middle  Ages,  95 
Staple  in  place-names,  192 
ones  (Tom)  on  "  Fern  to  make  malt,"  279 
Folly,  113 
Hobby-horse,  258 
King  in  place-names,  193 
Melmont  berries  =  juniper  berries,  118 
Mendiant,  French  dessert,  333 
Moving  pictures  to  cinematographs,  502,  537 
St.  Swithin's  Tribute  at  Old  Neston,  126 
Shakespeare  :    chronological  edition,  431 
Shakespeare's  Bible,  430 
Tilleul,  93 
ones  (Sir  William)  and  representation  of  Oxford 

University,  3 
onson  (Ben),  interpretation    of   words  used  by, 

67,  132,  174  ;    gouland  in,  429,  532 
oseph  (S.),  sculptor,  catalogue  of  busts  by,  81, 

134 

osephine  (Empress),  her  house  Malmaison,  289, 
359 

Fouel  (John).     See  Joel. 
Toy,  curious  rimes  to,  426 
Judgment  of  God  :   woman  throwing  her  children 

to  wolves,  228,  318 
Juiel  (John).     See  Joel. 
Fulius  Caesar  :   princes  and  comets,  18,  57 
Funiper  berries  =  Melmont  berries,  29,  118 

K.  (H.)  on  tilleul,  132 

K.  (L.  L.)  on  aviation  :    early  attempts,  166 

Bohemians  and  Gipsies,  418 

Churche  (Robert),  c.  1600,  249 

Cologne  (Archbishop  of)  :   two  tracts,  433 

Coryate  (Thomas)  :    date  of  his  death,  85 

Doge's  hat,  56 

East  India  Company's  Marine  Service,  134 

Fores's  Musical  Envelope,  508 

Goats  and  cows,  466 

Henningsen  (Charles  Frederick)  and  Kossuth, 
510 

James  I.  and  Frederick  of  Bohemia,  484 

'  Kossuth  Coppered,'  satirical  poem,  490 

*  Lay  of  St.  Aloys,'  388 

Mendiant,  French  dessert,  333 

Opusculum,  455 

Pepita,  a  pattern,  6 

Shakespeare  in  Hungary,  345 

Telephones  in  banks,  297 

Touching  for  the  king's  evil,  326 

Windsor  stationmaster,  68,  253 
"  Keep  within  Compass,"  tavern  sign,  Uxbridge, 

505 

Kelso  convoy,  meaning  of  the  term,  425 
Kemp  (J.  T.)  on  the  brown  sex,  505 

Toe  names,  106 

Kempesfeld,  Hampstead  field-name,  13,  119 
Kennedy  (Stanhope)  on  Benjamin  Jenkins,  169 
Kennett  and  Howe  families,  229 
Kerallain  (R.  de)  on  Garibaldi  and  his  flag,  7 
Kester  (Paul),  poet,  his  biography,  32 
Keynes  (G.  L.)  on  Blake's  '  Laughing  Song,'  241 
King  (Charles),  M.P.  for  Swords,  1776-83,  369 
King  (Sir  Charles  S.)  on  Charles  King,  M.P.,  369 

Wetenhall  (Bishop  Edward),  372 
King  (J.  Stuart)  on  "  Ora  "="  Noria,"  215 
King  (John),  Devonshire  artist,  b.  1788,  169,  235 
King    (W.    F.    H.),   his    '  Classical     and   Foreign 

Quotations,'  123,  402 
King,  in  place-names,  130,  192 
King  Orry,  explanation  of  the  term,  245 
Kings,  English,  named  Edward,  31,  70 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


557 


King's  Butler,  the  office,  108,  156 
King's  Chapel,  Gibraltar,  inscriptions  in,  342 
King's  evil,  touching  for,  1643,  326 
Kingston  (Thomas),  d.  1855,  his  descendants,  150 
Kinsale,  "  Sovereign  "  of,  190,  255 
Kipling  (R.),  "  thundering  dawn  "  in  '  Mandalay, 
113  ;   and  the  swastika,  188,  239,  292,  338,  395 
Kisfaludy  Society  and  Shakespeare  translations 

o4:Q 

Kittens  affecting  health  of  babies,  509 
Knapp  (George),  M.P.  for  Abingdon,  35,  95 
Knighthood,  quotation  referring  to,  328,  413,  431 
Knights  of  Malta  in  Sussex,  409,  457 
Knights  of  the  Swan,  founded  at  Anspach,  369,  47C 
Knots  in  handkerchiefs  as  reminder,  506 
Knox  (J.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  388 
Kom  Ombo  on  Alexander  III.  and  Henry  II.,  349 
Kossuth  (Louis)  and  C.  F.  Henningsen,  510 
'  Kossuth  Coppered,'  satirical  poem,  490 
Krebs  (H.)  on  blanket  as  a  verb,  376 

Corpse  bleeding,  3S1 

'  Erlkonigs  Tochter,'  Danish  poem,  237 

Myddelton  :    Dref  :   Plas,  131 
Krueger  (G.)  on  "  All  comes  out  even  at  the  end 
of  the  day,"  527 

German  spelling,  455 

Jew's  eye,  277 

Philistine,  use  of  the  word,  366 

Smouch,  term  for  a  Jew,  291 

L.  (B.  U.  L.)  on  Cowes  family,  58 

L.  (D.  M.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  169 

Follies,  273 

L.  (E.)  on  James  I.  crown,  268 
L.  (F.  de  H.)  on  Chyebassa,  497 
L.  (H.  P.)  on  South  African  slang,  138 
Average,  235 
Fere,  its  derivation,  394 
"  Fry  "  in  Dryden  and  Leigh  Hunt,  378 
Market  day,  98 
'  Oera  Linda  Book,'  429 
Scaltheen,  an  Irish  drink,  426 
Schelm=wild  carnivora,  266 
"  Seersucker  "  coat,  69 
Tenedish,  493 
Worth  in  place-names,  13 
La  Tremoiille,  House  of,  its  history,  201 
Ladies,  and  University  degrees,  247,  358,  395,  436, 
498;     their   hats   in    theatres,  386,    476,  518; 
military  corps  of,  proposed  in  1803,  448 
Lamb    (Evelyn    H.)    on    Queen    Elizabeth    and 

astrology,  107 

Lambton,  Durham,  site  of  Bridgeford  Chapel,  466 
Lamps,  Scottish,  called  "  crusies,"  328,  393 
Lancaster  (Joseph),  engraved  portrait  of,  348 
Landor  (Walter  Savage),  his  "  George  the  First 

was  reckoned  vile,"  368 

Lane  (E.  H.)  on  "  crusie,"  Scottish  lamp,  328 
Lane  (John)  on  Hon.  Mrs.  Calvert,  427 
Conyngham  (Lady),  508 
Smiths  of  Parndon,  Hertfordshire,  427 
Speakers  of  the  House  of  Commons,  406 
White  (Lydia),  508 

Langton,  Woe  Waters  of,  the  name,  36 
Lardiner  at  the  Coronation,  his  duties,  149,  198 
Lascaris  (Andronicus)  and  music  to  Aristophanes, 

7,  76 
Lathom  (John),  Carver  to  Queen  Mary  of  France, 

209 
Latimer  branch  of  Nevill  family,  marriages  and 

arms,  328 

Latin  epitaph  at  Dryburgh  Abbey,  348,  414 
Latin  hymn  by  St.  Bernard  of  Clairvaux,  428 


Latour  (Peter  de),  c.  1710,  his  biography,  287,  351 
Laud    (Archbishop),   lines   on   engraved   portrait, 

327 

Laughton-en-le-Morthen,  Peculiar  Court,  528 
Laughton  (Sir  J.  K.)  on  Nelson's  birthplace,  36 
Laurence  (Chevalier  de)  on  heraldry,  18 
Laurme  (Edme  de)  on  Guichard  d' Angle,  427 

Joel  (John)  or  Jouel  or  Juiel,  427 
Law  cases,  leading,  in  verse,  348 
Lawrence  (Capt.  G.  B.),  R.N.,  artist,  c.  1807,  366 
Laws  (E.)  on  the  Old  Pretender,  108 
'  Lay  of  St.  Aloys,'  true  Latin  text,  389 
Le  Frith :   Chapel  le  Frith,  meaning  of  place-name, 

9,  72 

Leake  and  Martin-Leake  families,  528 
Leap  in  the  dark,  use  as  Parliamentary  phrase, 

86,  154 

Lecturage,  use  of  the  word,  266 
Lederer  (Dr.  M.)  on  allusions  in  American  authors, 

307 

Lee  (A.  Collingwood)  on  '  Le  Paysan  Perverti,'  238 
Lega-Weekes  (Ethel),  on  printers  of  Statutes  hi 

16th  century,  117 
Leigh  (Egerton),  Westminster  scholar,  68, 114, 178, 

236 
Leighton  (H.)  on  Bridgeford  Chapel  at  Lambton, 

466 

Leighton  (H.  R.)  on  Miers,  silhouette  artist,  418 
Leighton    (Thomas),  M.P.    1571-83,  his   identity, 

207 

Leo  on  Mrs.  Burr's  paintings,  268 
Leo  XIII.  (Pope),  his  Latin  verses,  252 
Lesnes  Abbey  and  Abbot  Elyas,  309,  372 
'  Letters  by  an  American  Spy,'  written  1764-85, 

427,  536 

Lewis  (A.)  on  apple  tree  flowering  in  autumn,  199 
Lewis  (A.  S.)  on  Frederic,  Prince  of  Wales,  434 
'  Gentleman's     Magazine  '  :      numbering     of 

volumes,  477 
Guichard  d'Angle,  472 

Howard  of  Effingham,  Lord,  his  first  wife,  374 
Watermarks  in  paper,  395 
Lewis  (Samuel),  jun.,  Islington  historian,  187,  239, 

250,  296 

Liardet  (Rev.  John),  native  of  Lausanne,  natural- 
ized, 193 
Liardet  (John  William  Tell),  Westminster  scholar, 

49,  193 

Liardet  (Lionel),  Westminster  scholar,  49,  193 
Librarians,  list  of  eminent,  489,  538 
Liddel  (Duncan)  and  Jo.  Potinius,  rare  volume  in 

Bodleian,  12 

Life-boat,  Caister,  account  of  its  wreck,  429 
Limerick  glove  in  walnut  shell,  249,  297 
Lincoln's  Inn  Chapel,  marriage  in,  1910,  226 
Lincoln's  Inn  vines  and  fig  tree,  367,  453 
Lincolnshire,  Parliamentary  election   1724,  287  ; 

battle  in,  1655,  468 
Lisbon,  Holy  Crows  of,  67,  116,  155 

•ister  or  Lyster  family,  487 
^iston  and  Ducrow,  quotation,  487,  536 
Litchfield  (Dr.  J.  C.),  c.  1825,  his  biography,  268 
Literary  gossip,  origin  of  the  term,  15 
Little  Gidding,  and  Mary  Colet,  1680,  403 
Livingston    (No«l    B.)    on    Peck    and    Beckford 

Fuller,  236 

Lomax  (C.  E.)on  Barn  or  Barm  in  place-names,  53 
Lombard    Street    and    Primrose    Hill    off    Fleet 

Street,  269,  337 

London,  City  poll-books,  29,  77  ;  bibliography 
of,  53,  113,  190,  464  ;  proprietary  chapels  in, 
202,  254,  293,  334  ;  old  signs  in,  323  ;  black 
rats  in,  465,  537 


558 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


London  Aldermen,  dates  of  death,  27 

London  Gazette,  advertisements  of  17th  century, 

203 
London  Lord  Mayors,  their  counties  of  origin,  108, 

177 

London  street  cries,  387 
London  subterranean  river,  Tygris,  209 
London  taverns,  c.  1600,  13 
London  topography,  482 
Long  (H.)  on  Carlin  Sunday,  392 
Longfellow     (H.     W.),     '  Excelsior '     in     pigeon 

English,  309 
Loomis  (J.  T.)  on  Paul  Kester,  32 

Lum  :    origin  of  the  surname,  375 
Lord  Mayors.     See  London. 
Lords   Lieutenant   of   Ireland,   their  Secretaries, 

187,  233 

Louis  XIV.  and  Oliver  Cromwell,  168 
"  Love  me,  love  my  dog,"  522 
Lovell  family,  329,  373,  435 
'  Lovers'  Vows,'   a  play,  its  author,  76 
Lowthers  v.  Howards,  superstition  upset,   1910, 

504 
Lucas  (Perceval)  on  Milton's  father's  signature,  427 

Verral  (Charles),  445 

Lucis  on  Irishman  and  thunderstorm,  110 
Lucky  shoes,  origin  of  belief  in,  509 
Lum  (E.  H.)  on  Lum  surname,  227 
Lum  surname,  its  origin,  227,  375 
Lumb  (G.  D.)  on  Lxim  surname,  375 
Luscombe  (Bishop  Michael  H.  T.),  portrait  of,  349, 

456 

Luttrell  (Lady  Elizabeth),  d.  1799,  366 
Lyde  (Tamosin),  d.  1663,  her  epitaph,  524 
Lyon  (Capt.),  R.N.,  his  representatives,  267 
Lynn    (W.   T.)   on   comets  and  princes  :     Julius 

Caesar,  57 

German  spelling,  306 
Lyster  or  Lister  family,  487 
Lyster-Denny  (Rev.  H.  L.)  on  Lister  or  Lyster 

family,  487 

M.  (C.  P.)  on  Corstorphine  :    Corstopitum,  388 

Dummie-daws,  388 

Rogers  (Capt.  Woodes),  488 

M.  (E.)  on  Francis  Grose  and  Theodosius  Forrest, 
429 

Obsess  :    obsession,  66 
M.  (F.  B.)  on  mazes,  235 
M.  (F.  O.)  on  Archbishop  of  Cologne  :   two  tracts, 

M.  (G.  B.)  on  Jane  Austen's  death,  348,  438 

M.  (H.  A.  St.  J.)  on  Samuel  Gould,  bookseller,  346 

M.  (J.)  on  Meredith  and  Moser,  108 

M.  (J.  D.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  327 

'  Political  Adventures  of  Lord  Beaeonsfield,' 
268 

Smith   (Sydney)  and  "  Boreal  Bourdaloue," 
368 

Wellington  on  the  loss  of  India,  286 
M.  (L.  S.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  88, 
229 

Commonwealth  grants  of  arms,  8 

Corpse  bleeding,  498 
M.  (M.)  on  De  Tynten  family,  349 
M.  (N.)  on  '  Star-Spangled  Banner,'  84 
M.  (N.)  &  A.  on  "  Fern  to  make  malt,"  228 

"  Holy  Crows,"  Lisbon,  67 

"  Howde  Men":     Robin  Hood's  men,   16 

Saint's  cloak  and  sunbeam,  357 
M.  (P.  D.)  on  Warren  and  Waller  families,  69 
M.  (R.)  on  Merevale  or  Merivale  Abbey,  389 
M.  (T.  Q.),  in  Hone's  '  Table  Book,'  230,  336 


M.  (T.  S.)  on  "  Howde  Men  "  :   Robin  Hood's  men, 
79 

Kipling  and  the  swastika,  239 

Limerick  glove  in  a  walnut  shell,  297 

Staple  in  place-names,  253 

Teart,  its  meaning,  11 
Macalister    (M.    A.    M.)    on    tenderling:    'Babe 

Christabel,'  312 

Macaulay  (Lord),  biographical  queries,  288 
McCord  (D.  Ross)  on  Lieut.-Col.  Cockburn,  27 

Glegg,  Lieut.-Col.  John  B.,  87 

Lyon  (Capt.),  R.N.,  267 

Marshman  (John)  :    Archibald  Forbes,  227 

Taylor  (Tom),  his  representatives,  247 
McElwaine  (P.  A.)  on  '  Arden  of  Feversham,'  226 

Shakespearian  parallels,  246,  345 

Shakespeariana,  422 

'  Sir  John  Oldcastle,'  404 
McGovern  (J.  B.)  on  Anglo-Spanish  author,  314 

Danteiana,  82 

"  Game  leg,"  229 

Royal  arms  in  churches,  428 

Rylands  (John)  Library  :    Dante  Codex,  172, 

291 

Mackay- Wilson  (J.)  on  Archbishop  Whately,  288 
McLean  (A.  W.)  on    Scottish  emigrants'  oath  of 

allegiance,  248 
MacMichael  (J.  Holden)  on  Adling  Street,  148 

Apple  tree  flowering  in  autumn,  199 

Authors  of  quotations  wanted,  178 

Beefsteak  Club,  early,  497 

Book-covers  :     "  Yellow-backs,"   238 

Builders  in  Devonshire,  418 

"  Canabull  blue  silke,"  33 

Canons,  Middlesex,  374 

Carlin  Sunday,  314 

"  Cock  Tavern,"  13 

Coope  (Richard)  of  Fulham,  536 

Coote  (Sir  Eyre),  his  monument,  295 

Crosses,  535 

Dicky  birds  =  omnibus  conductors,  55 

Duncombe  (Sir  Sauder),  152 

Elephant  and  castle  in  heraldry,  37 

Eugene  (Prince)  of  Savoy,  8 

"  Feoff ment  separitite,"  56 

"  Fern  to  make  malt,"  279 

Folly  :    place-name,  78 

Frightening  powders,  289 

Hampshire  Hog,  57 

Hanging  Sword  Alley,  337 

Hobby-horse,  257 

Jonson  (Ben),  174 

Kipling  and  the  swastika,  239 

Lord  Mayors  and  their  counties  of  origin,  177 

Lum  surname,  375 

Malmaison,  359 

Moving  Pictures  in  Fleet  Street,  517 

On  the  tapis,  352 

Pedlar's  Acre,   Lambeth,   54 

Peel  (John),  278 

Prinknash,  313 

Red  Lion  Square  obelisk,  156 

Registry  Office  :    Register  Office,  305 

Royal  arms  in  churches,  513 

St.  Agatha  at  Wimborne,  112 

St.  Hilda  :    St.  John  del  Pyke,  517 

Sheeney,  nickname  for  a  Jew,  476 

Sorning,  215 

Sparrow-blasted,  318 

Spider's  web  and  fever,  194 

Storm  in  a  teacup,  131 

Tenedish,  354 

Thames  Water  Company,  90 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


559 


MacMichael  (J.  Holden)  on  Tory  :  skean,  269 
Vavasour  surname,  232 
'  Vertimmus,'   196 
Watermarks  in  paper,  371 
Water-shoes  for  walking  on  the  water,  485 
W7hyteheer  or  whytebeer,  228 
Woe  Waters  of  Langton,  36 
Woodyer,  529 

McMurray  (W.)  on  Archdeacon  Fifield  Allen,  517 
Apprenticeship  in  1723,  26 
Canons,  Middlesex,  534 
Day  (John),  his  will,  368 
Elizabeth  (Queen),  359 
Fulham  deed  of  1627,  206 
Grey  family,  376 

Inscriptions    in    City    churches    and    church- 
yards, 453,  492 

Military  musters  :    parish  armour,  130 
Seventeenth-century  clergy,   149 
Signs  of  old  London,  323 
Women  carrying  their  husbands,  518 
McPike  (Eugene  F.)  on  Archibald  Bruce  :    Pvke 

family,  227 

Halley  and  Pyke  families,  44 
Millikin  and  Entwisle  families,  466 
Stuart  and  Pyke  families,  486 
Macray  (W.  D.)  on  Dr.  John  Hough,  119 
Islington  historians,  239 
'  St.  James's  Chronicle,'  475 
Macready  (W.  C.)  and  Benjamin  Disraeli,  506 
Magazine  story  of  a  deserter,  129,  252 
Maginn  (Dr.  W.),  his  writings,  74 
Magrath  (J.  R.)  on  St.  Leodegarius  and  St.  Leger 

Stakes,  66 

Major  (H.  A.),  playwright,  129,  255,  297 
Malet    (Col.    Harold)    on    Bell's    editions    of    the 

poets,  188 
Snails  as  food,  218 

Malmaison,  Empress  Josephine's  house,  289.  359 
Man    (Abraham),    his    '  Amulet    or   Preservative 

against  Sickness  and  Death,'  521 
Man  (George),  Westminster  scholar,  1681,  49 
Manchester  Volunteers,  their  regimental  colours, 

73 

Manners,  royal,  temp.  WTilliam  IV.,  117 
Manners  (Lady  Victoria)  on  Rev.  M.  W.  Peters,  86 
Manor  :   sac  :  soke,  earliest  quotation,  108,  157 
Manor  Court  ceremony,   Hampstead,   33 
Manors,  conditions  of  tenure,  108,  156 
Mansel  family,  269,  533 
Manx  phonology  :    King  Orry,  245 
Marcham  (W.  McB.  and  F.)  on  licence  to  eat  flesh, 

115 

Marchant  (F.  P.)  on  Bohemians  and  Gipsies,  306 
Bohemian  musical  folk-lore,  485 
Dalmation  night  spectres,  66 
Printing  (early)  in  Bohemia,  286 
Russian  saying  :  Shem,  Ham,  and  Japhet,  185 
Slovene  hymn,  106 
Sokol,  Bohemian  Union  for  Physical  Culture, 

86 
Marczali    (Prof.    H.)   on    '  Hungary   in   the    18th 

Century,'  204,  270 

Mare  Tenebrarum,  meaning  of  the  words,  307 
Marie  Antoinette,  death  mask  of,  276 
Market  day,  day  of  the  week  chosen  for,  48,  97 
Marlowe   (C.),  his   '  Epitaph  on  Sir  Roger  Man- 
wood,'  24 

Marriage  in  Lincoln's  Inn  Chapel,  1910,  226 
Marriage  relationships   in   Japan,   506 
Marriages,  morganatic,  list  of,  107,  217,  256 
Mars,  bust  of,  by  Antonio  Canova,  528 
Mars  on  Canova's  busts,  528 


Marsden  (H.)  of  Wennington  Hall,  his  biography, 

369 

Marshman  (John),  his  representatives,  227 
Marston  (E.)  on  book-covers  :     "  Yellow-backs," 

458 
Marston    (Herbert),    blind    pastor    of    Belgrave 

Chapel,  203,  254 

Martello  on  Gower  family  of  Worcestershire,  417 
Martin  (Stapleton)  on  Frederic,  Prince  of  Wales, 

368 

Martin-Leake  and  Leake  families,  528 
Martinengo-Cesaresco    (Countess    E.)    on   General 

Haug,  66 
Martinet  =  disciplinarian,  early  use  of  the  word, 

206 

Martyn  (H.  F.)  on  Sidney  Castle,  308 
Marvin  (F.  R.)  on  authors  of  quotations  Wanted, 

55 
Mary  (Blessed  Virgin),  image   at   Santiago,   248, 

517 
Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  and  Father   Peters,    old 

tract,  107,  198 

Marzials  (Sir  Frank  T.)  on  Saint-Evremond,  141 
Maskelyne  (T.  Story)  on  hobby-horse,  258 
St.  Swithin's  Tribute,  174 
Snails  as  Food,  175 
Wasps  :    their  scarcitv,  393 

Massey  (Gerald),  his  '  Babe  Christabel,'  267,  312 
Masson  (A.)  on  '  Drawing-Room  Ditties,'  94,  199 
Mathematical  periodicals,  347.  434,  466 
'  Mathematical  Repository,'   1795-1835,  466 
Matrimony  and  money,  Dean  Merivale  on,  28 
Matrimony  and  the  Warden  of  Wadham,  144 
Matsell  (G.  W.),  his  '  Vocabulum,'  528 
Matthew  (J.  E.)  on  Exhibition  of  1851,  452 

Winchester  quart :   Corbyn,  495 
Matthews  (Albert)  on  "  God  save  the  People  I  "  38 
Tammany  and  England,  237 
Wolfe  (General)  on  Yankees,  238 
Maxwell    (Sir   Herbert)    on    Edwards,    Kings    of 

England,  31 
May  (Phil),  '  Parson  and  the  Painter,'  388,  433, 

Maycock  (Willoughby)  on  George  I.  statues,  51 
*  Hatton  (Edw.),  54 

Merluche,  92 

Vernon  (Dorothy),  her  elopement,  448 

Victoria     (Queen)     and     George     Peabody's 
funeral,  311 

Windsor  stationmaster,  136 
Mayhew  (A.  L.)  on  average,  106 

Blanket  as  a  verb,  327 

"  Est,  Est,  Est,"  345 

Freckle  and  speckled  :    their  etymology,  204 

Game  leg,  315 

King  Orry,  245 

Smouch,  term  for  a  Jew,  225 

Warden  of  Wadham  and  matrimony,  144 
Vlayney  family,  448 
Mayo  (E.)  on  Dr.  John  Hough,  48 
Mearnes      (Samuel),     royal      bookbinder,      temp. 

Charles  II.,  32 

Mears  (William),  bellfounder,  1626,  445 
Mellish  (Capt.  T.),  c.  1787,  his  biography,  127 
Vfelmont  berries  =  juniper  berries,  29,  118 
Memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  42,  242 
Mendiant  =  French  dessert,  the  term,  268,333,435 
Mendizabal's  secretary,  1836,  119.  171 
Mensen  (Ernst),  the  courier,  c.  1827,  246 
VIercer  (W.)  on  elephant  and  castle  in  heraldry,  353 

Merluche,  93 

'  Reverberations  '  :    Wm.  Davies,  111 

Statues  in  the  British  Isles,  383 


560 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


Meredith  (George)  and  Moser,  literary  parallel,  108 
Merevale  or  Merivale  Abbey,  \\  arwickshire,  the 

name,  389 

Merluche,  its  definition,  92 

Mesopotamia :      "  That    blessed    word    Mesopo- 
tamia," 253 

Methodist  Chapel,  Tooting,  founded  by  Defoe,  505 
Mickfield  :   Wolney  Hall  and  Flede  Hall,  49 
Miers,  silhouette  artist,  369,  418 
Miles  on  Mansel  family,  269 
Military  corps  of  ladies  proposed  in  1803,  448 
Military  musters,  temp.  Elizabeth,  130,  176,  258 
Miller,  honest,  his  epitaph,  508 
Miller  (T.  H.)  on  Viscount  Ossington,  508 
Millikin  and  Entwisle  families,  466 
Milne  (J.)  on  crosses,  310 
Milnhorn  in  Scotland,  its  locality,  527 
Milton   (John),  on  plagiarism,  309  ;    his  father's 

signature,  427 
Minakata  (Kumagusu)  on  marriage  relationships, 

506 

Neglected  old  father  :   Chinese  parallel,  145 
Minerva,  bust  of,  by  Antonio  Canova,  528 
Minime  on  John  Rylands  Library  :    Dante  codex, 

46 
Minshall  (Nathaniel),  book  on  bookbinding,  1811, 

403 

Minster,  derivation  of  the  name,  130,  274,  314 
'  Miscellanea  ^Egyptiaca,'  pub.  1842,  69 
Mistletoe  on  "  Feoff ment  separitite,"  56 
*  Mistletoe  Bough  '  chest  at  Marwell  Hall,  326 
Mitchell  (A.  J.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 

129 
Mitchell  (W.  C.)  on  the  "  Halls  "  district,  329 

Scotch  and  Irish  booksellers,  418 
Moffet  (S.  O.)  on  Sir  Henry  Wotton  and  ambas- 
sadors, 425 

Mohammed  on  love  of  the  narcissus,  169 
Moke  family  of  Thourout,  Flanders,  130,  194,  378 
Monastery,  Nottingham,  not  in  Dugdale,  468 
Monastic  sites  and  buried  treasure,  469,  515 
Monasticism,  illustrated  works  on,  450 
Monckton  (Lionel)  on  smouch,  term  for  a  Jew,  292 
Money  and  matrimony,  Dean  Merivale  on,  28 
Monk  family,  528 
Monmouth's  Rebellion  :    the  Maids  of  Taxinton, 

408,  490 

Monolith  in  Hyde  Park,  its  history,  408 
Montagu  (Mrs.)  and  Madame  du  Deffand,  281 
Montaigne  (Archbishop),  his  monument  restored, 

87 

Montgomery  (James),  his  '  Prose  by  a  Poet,'  408 
Monuments,  English  sepulchral,  1300-50,  47,  154, 

199 

Moore  (C.)  on  Oliver  Cromwell's  gun-barrel,  329 
Moore    (Christopher),    Remembrancer    to    Henry 

VIII.,  88,  134 

Moore  (F.  B.)  and  Mendizabal,  119,  171 
Moran    (Edward    R.),   journalist,    his   biography, 

168,  236, 358 
Mordaunt   (E.   A.   B.),   his   Index   to   '  Jackson's 

Oxford  Journal,'  289 
Morgan  (Forrest)  on  Swift  family,  47 
Morganatic  marriages,  list  of,  107,  217,  256 
Moriarty    (Miss   L.)   on   Sir  John   Trant :     Trant 

family,  489 

Trant  (Sir  Patrick),  310 
'  Morning    Post,'     1781,    anecdotes    relating    to 

Tenducci,  387 
Moseley    (B.    D.)    on    Nottingham    earthenware 

tombstone,  72 
'  Paysan  Perverti,'  238 
Moser  and  George  Meredith,  literary  parallel,  108 


loses  and  Pharaoh's  daughter,  paintings  of,  95, 

152 

Motor-cars  and  railways  in  1838,  284 
Uotorists  as  fairies,  Brittany  folk-lore,  126 
Mottoes  :    Dissociata  locis,  concordm  pace  ligavit, 
410,  452,  493  ;    Fama  Fides  Oculus,  529  ;    The 
earth  is  the  Lord's  and  all  that  therein  |is,  410, 
452,493 
'  Moving  pictures  "   in  Fleet    Street,    403,    456, 

517 

Mummers,  Christmas,  as  mammals  or  birds,  507 
Mundy  (Peter),  traveller,  his  '  Memoires,'  506 
Mundy  (P.  D.)  on  licence  to  eat  flesh,  115,  135 
Municipal  records,  list  of  printed,  287,  450,  529 
Murder  by   Chelsea  pensioners,  spurious  legend, 

325 
Murray  (Sir  J.  A.  H.)  on  rallie-papier,  307 

Storm  in  a  teacup,  86 

Teest,  187 

Tenderling :    '  Babe  Christabel,'  267 

Tenedish,  286 

Tenement-house,  447 

Tenth  or  tent,  47 

Tilleul,  47 

Murray  (Sir  John),  1720,  his  biography,  28,  76 
Murray  (John)  on  Barabbas  a  publisher,  92 
Music,  writers  on,  lists  of  their  works,  87 
Musical  envelope,  published  by  Fores,  508 
Musical  folk-lore,  Bohemian,  485 
Mutschmann  (Heinrich)  on  German  spelling,  455 
Myddelton  :    Dref  :   Plas,  their  signification,  131 
Myers  (A.  Cook)  on  William  Penn's  letters,  7 
Myra  :    Waller  :    Godfrey,  446 
Mythology,  dictionaries  of,  167,  255,  294 

N.  (C.  D.)  on  Mrs.  Burr,  painter,  350 

N.  (L.  C.)  on  Edna  as  Christian  name,  268 

Names,  modern,  derived  from  Latinized  forms,  33 

Names  of  horses,  124,  283,  364 

Names  terrible  to  children,  133,  194,  258 

Nankin  porcelain  in  England,  c.   1792,  446 

"  Narcissi    lacrymam  "    in    Virgil,    its    meaning, 

27,   277 

Narcissus,  the,  Mohammed  on  love  of,  169 
National  Flag,  days  appointed  for  its  hoisting,  5 
Naval  records,  their  preservation,  1811,  368 
Neale  (Erskine),  1804-83,  his  mother,  170 
Neale  (James  Erskine),   '  Experiences  of  a  Gaol 

Chaplin,'  189,  238 
Nel  Mezzo  on  budget  as  a  verb,  47 
Canons,  Middlesex,  328 
Exhibition  of  1851  :    its  motto,  410 
Holmes  (Wendell)  and  '  N.  &  Q.,'  147 
Latin  epitaph  at  Dryburgh  Abbey,  348 
Shakespeariana,  163 
Sleepless  arch,  135 

Nelson  (Horatio,  Lord),  his  birthplace,  36,  91 
Nelson  (John),  Islington  historian,  187,  239,  250, 

296 

Nevill  family,  the  Latimer  branch,  328 
Nevill  (Ralph)  on  S.  Joseph,  sculptor,  81 
New   Bunhill   Fields,    Deverell   Street,    Borough, 

records  of  burials,  28 

'  New  English  Dictionary,'  additions  and  correc- 
tions, 6,  29,  63,  138,  265,  267,  308,  327,  376, 
387,  392,  405,  426,  486,  495 
Newbery  (A.  Le  Blanc)  on  stone  in  Pentonville 

Road,  87 

Newcastle,  thorough  toll  at,  166 
Newcastle-under-Lyme,      charter     dated      1328 

restored,  125 

Newgate,    mystical    figures    on    a    stone,    269  ; 
Ordinaries 'of,  1698-1831,  325 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


561 


Newman  (William),  Richard  Doyle,  and  '  Punch,' 

402 
Newspaper,  '  Le  Proscrit '  published  in  London, 

228 

Newspaper,  Shropshire,  printed  in  London,  26,  78 
Newspapers  of  provincial  towns,  481 
Neyte  cum  Eybury,  manor  of,  482 
Nicholas  (Tzar),  Quaker  deputation  to,  1854,,  387 
Nicholls  (Frank),  and  Westminster  School,  190,  295 
Nicholson  (E.)  on  Carlin  Sunday,  392 

Denizen  :  foreign  :    stranger,  71,  155 

"  Fiddles  "  at  sea,  526 

Goulands  in  Ben  Jonson,  532 

Ora  =  Noria,  146 

Saint's  cloak  and  sunbeam,  357 

Storrington,  150 

Three  wishes,  506 

Winchester  quart  and  Corbyn,  405 
Nicholson  (Watson)  on  '  The  Methodist,'  author 

of  the  comedy,  526 

Nightingale,  (Florence),  as  a  forbear,  165  ;    pro- 
posed memorial  on  her  residences,  365 
Nixon  (W.)  on  '  Reverberations,'  68 

*  Noble  Army  of  Martyrs,'  print,  key  to,  53 
Norfolk,  "  woodwose,"  stone  figure  in  churches  of, 

388,  471 

Noria  =  Ora,  its  meaning  and  derivation,  146,  215 
Norman   (Philip)  on   Charles  II.   and  his   Fubbs 

yacht,  107 

Club  Etranger  at  Hanover  Square,  407 
Coston  (John),  485 

Flint  firelocks  in  the  Crimean  War,  214 
Norman  (W.)  on  Cavallini  and  Edward  the  Con- 
fessor's tomb,  468 
Charles  II.  and  his  Fubbs  yacht,  253 
Elizabeth's,  Queen,  Day,  453 
Garrick's  version  of  '  Romeo  and  Juliet,'  95 
Lesnes  Abbey  :    Abbot  Ely  as,  309 
Ravensbourne,  17 
Normandy  (Robert,  Duke  of)  and  Arlette,  347, 

396,  495 

Norris    (Herbert    E.)    on    Huntingdonshire    poll- 
books,  183 

'  St.  Ives  Mercury,'  481 
North  Midland  on  authors  wanted,  28 

*  Northampton  Mercury,'  published,  1720,  481 

4  Notes    and     Queries,'     alluded    to     by    Wendell 

Holmes,  147,  216 
Nottingham,  earliest  earthenware  tombstone,  14, 

72,  538 

Nottingham  graveyard  inscriptions,  165,  244 
Nottingham   monastery   unrecorded   in   Dugdale, 

468 
Nubian  geographer,  and  the  Mare  Tenebrarum, 

307 

O.  (M.  S.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  135 
Oatcake  and  whisky  as  Eucharistic  elements,  188, 

237,  278,  356,  396,  456 

Oath  of  Hippocrates,  its  wording,  310,  371,  391 
Oats,  Quaker,  and  "  quaking  grass,"  528 
Obelisk  in  Red  Lion  Square,  its  history,  109,  156, 

Obituary : — 

Brushfield  (Dr.  T.  M.),  480 

Collins   (Frederick   Howard),   440 

Fallow  (T.  M.),  480 

Ferguson   (Donald  William),  60 

Furnivall  (Dr.  Frederick  James),  60 

Harben  (Henry  Andrade),  180 

Hartshorne  (Albert),  520 

King  (Major  James  Stuart),  300 


Obituary:— 

Mayor  (Prof.  J.  E.  B.),  500 
Payne  (Joseph  Frank),  440 
Robbins  (Richard),  360 
Smithers  (C.  G.),  420,  460 

Obsede,  obsess,  obsession,  use  of  the  words,  66 
Obvention  bread,  explanation  of  the  phrase,  148, 

216 

'  Oera  Linda  Book,'  literary  hoax,  references  to,  4  29 
Oglethorpe     (James     Edward),     1696-1785,     his 

portrait,  307 

Old  W^eston,  Hunts,  St.  Swithin  custom,  126,  174 
Oldenbuck  (Aldobrand)  on   '  Edinburgh   Literary 

Journal,'  317 
Milton  on  plagiarism,  309 

Oliver  (Andrew)  on  William  Powell  Frith,  346 
Oliver  (V.  L.)  on  .Francis  Faillteau,  296 
Feild  (Theophilus),  296 
Fuller  (Peck  and  Beckford),  295 
Omnibus  conductors  called  dicky  birds,  55 
O'Neill  (Scannell)  on  Soissons  Cathedral,  127 
Onion,  its  pronunciation,  14 
Oorali,  arrow-poison  used  by  S.  American  Indians, 

409,  453 

Opusculum,  use  of  the  word,  328,  455 
Ora=Noria,  its  meaning  and  derivation,  146,  215 
Order  of  Merit,  its  institution,  144 
Ordinaries  of  Newgate,  1698-1831,  325 
O'Rell  (Max),  his  works,  409 
Orthography,  German  :   h  after  /,  306,  372,  455 
Ossington     (Viscount),     Speaker    of     House     of 

Commons,  photograph,  508 
Otford,     Kent,    Perhirr    and    Bellot    in    Parish 

records,  329,  378,  437 

Ou,  the  diphthong,  indicating  a  French  spelling,  24 
Owen  (Miss  M.  A.)  on  Christian  symbolism  :   Cata- 
combs, 450 

Owls  called  "  cherubims,"  505 
Oxberry,  his  '  Budget  of  Plays,'  348,  397 
Oxford  Court,  c.  1732,  its  locality,  487,  536 
Oxford  University,  its  representations  in  Parlia- 
ment,   c.    1780,  3;     W'arden    of    Wadham    and 
matrimony,    144  ;     All   Souls  College  and  the 
Duke  of  W'harton,  309,  355 
Oxyrhynchus  papyrus  and  stenography,  285 

P.  on  "  Collins  "=  letter  of  thanks,  149 

P.  (A.  C.)  on  E.  Fletcher,  painter,  528 

P.  (A.  J. )  on  Adrian  IV.'s  ring  and  Emerald  Isle,  208 

P.  (A.  O.  V.)  on  manor  :   sac  :   soke,  108 

P.  (A.  S.)  on  Quaker  oats,  528 

P.  (F.)  on  "fere,"  358 

P.  (F.  K.)  on  Carlin  Sunday,  229 

H.M.S.  Avenger,  130 

Ship  lost  in  the  fifties,  528 
P.  (H.)  on  Danes'-blood,  a  flower,  488 
P.  (H.  E.  P.)  on  Latin  quotation,  55 
P.  (H.  G.)  on  Pearson  family,  89 
P.  (J.  T.)  on  Holwell  family,  528 
P.  (M.)  on  Caister  life-boat,  429 

Hobby-horse,  209 

Rain-smir,  346 
P.  (R.  W.)  on  St.  Armand,  517 

Vatch  or  Vache,  Chalfont  St.  Giles,  355 
P.  (S.  T.)  on  oatcake  and  whisky,  456 
P.  (V.  D. )  on  George  I.  statues,  99 

Palata  (Duchess  of),  152 
P.  (W.  J.)  on  knots  in  handkerchiefs,  5oii 
Page  (J.  T.)  on  apple  tree  flowering  in  autumn,  199 

Aviation,  437 

Charles  II.  statue  in  Royal  Exchange,  371 

Clergy  retiring  from  dinner  table,  239 


562 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


Page  (J.  T.)  on  corpse  bleeding,  391 

Cromwell  (Richard),  his  daughter,  331 
Duels  between  clergymen,  494 
Elephant  and  castle  in  heraldry,  398 
Flint  firelocks  in  the  Crimean  War,  250 
Folly,  158 
"  Game  leg,"  392 
George  I.  statues,  51 
Holmes  (Wendell)  and  '  N.  &  Q.,'  216 
"  If  you  ask  for  salt,"  198 
Lord  Mayors  and  their  counties  of  origin,  177 
*  Oliver  Twist  '  on  the  stage,  191 
Paine  (Thomas),  his  early  life,  397 
Peel  (John),  335 
Pickwicks  of  Bath,  534 
Pitt's  statue  in  Hanover  Square,  136 
Philip  (Sir  Matthew),  134 
St.  Swithin's  tribute  at  old  Weston,  174 
Statues  in  the  British  Isles,  42,  242,  381 
Thames  Water  Company,  138 
Watts  (Isaac),  his  collateral  descendants,  255 
Wellington  and  Bliicher  at  Waterloo,  418 
Wesley  (Samuel),  436 
Whyteheer  or  whytebeer,  511 
Paine  (Thomas),  his  gravestone.  238  ;    his  early 

life,  328,  397 
Painted  glass  older  than  1700,  in  Essex  churches, 

361,  462 

Palata  family  in  Italy,  29,  99,  152 
Palmer  (A.  Smythe)  on  Leo  XIII.  's  Latin  verses, 

252 
Palmer  (J.  Foster)  on  Tennysoniana,  394 

Vanishing  London  Proprietary  Chapels,  293 
Palmer  (Sir  Thomas ),  Knight  Porter  of  Calais,  446 
Pamela  (Mile. )=  Lord  Edward  Fitzgerald,  her 

origin,  285 

Paper,  watermarks  in,  327,  371,  395,  458,  497 
Papua,  seven  a  mystic  number  in,  305 
Paris  family,  53,  94 

Parish  armour  temp.  Elizabeth,  130,  176,  258 
Parish  registers  burnt,  1837,  9 
Parker  (J.)  on  '  Annals  of  England,'  354 
Parliament,  representation  of  Oxford  University 

in,  3 
Parodies :     on    Napoleon    Bonaparte,    326  ;     on 

'  Walrus  and  the  Carpenter,'  469,  496 
Parr  (Queen  Katherine),  her  biography,  99,  359 
Parry  (Lieut.-Col.  G.  S.)  on  Doge's  hat,  56 

Inscriptions  in  King's  Chapel,  Gibraltar,  342  ; 

in  sandpits  Cemetery,  Gibraltar,  423,  483 
'  Parson  and  the  Painter,'  illustrated  by  Phil  May, 

388,  433,  477 

Patching  (J.)  on  John  Bright 's  quotations,  508 
'  Excelsior  '  in  pigeon  English,  358 
'  W'alrus  and  the  Carpenter  '  parody,  496 
Paterson  (Samuel)  and  the  Earldom  of  Cassilis, 

325 

Patrick  on  Bible  :    curious  statistics,  119 
Paul  (H.  G.)  on  Dennis's  '  Letters  on  Milton,'  447 
Pauper's  badge,  its  history,  487 
Pay  en-Payne  (De  V.)  on  puns  on  Payne,  409 

Rostand's  '  Chantecler,'  205 
Payne  surname,  puns  on,  409,  453 
Peabody     (George),     his     funeral,     and     Queen 

Victoria,  247,  310 
Peacock  (E.)  on  apple  tree  flowering  in  autumn, 

Fairies  :    ruffs  and  reeves,  265 
Horses'  names  in  Lincolnshire,  364 
Lesnes  Abbey  :    Abbot  Elyas,  372 
Lincolnshire  election,  1724,  287 
Mohammed  on  love  of  the  narcissus,  169 
Wasps,  their  scarcity,  352 


Peacock  (T.  L.),  '  Essay  on  Fashionable  Litera- 
ture,' 4,  62  ;  dates  of  his  plays,  27,  112  ; 
'  Monks  of  St.  Mark,'  349,  398  ;  scarce  editions, 
508 

Pearson  family,  89 

Pearson  (Howard  S.)  on  Henry  of  Navarre,  457 
'  St.  James's  Chronicle,'  476 
Shropshire  newspaper  printed  in  London,  78 
WTomen  carrying  their  husbands,  452 
Peck  (Francis),  antiquary,  68,  136,  175,  295 
Peck  (Francis),  Rector  of  Gunby,  68,  136,   175, 

295 
Peck  (Francis),  Rector  of  Orlestone,  68,  136,  175, 

295 
Peck  (Francis),  Rector  of  Saltwood,  68,  136,  175, 

295 
Peck  (Francis),  Westminster  scholar,  b.  1685,  68, 

136,  175,  295,  418 
Peck  (W.  A.)  on  Francis  Peck,  175 
Peckham,  demolition  of  Hanover  Chapel,  46,  455 
Peculiar  Court,  Laughton-en-le-Morthen,  528 
Peddie  (R.  A.)  on  '  Morning  Post,'  1781,  387 

Printer's  Bible,  408 
Pedlar's  Acre,  Lambeth,  its  history,  54 
Peel    Cemetery,  I.    of    Man,    curious    epitaph  in, 

524 

Peel  (John)  of  Caldbeck,  229,  278,  335,  397 
Peeping  Tom  and  Shakespeare,  189,  238 
Peet  (W7.  H.)  on  book-covers  :    "  Yellow-backs," 

237 

Botany  :    time  of  flowers  blooming,  78 
"  Everything  comes  to  him,"  &c.,  386 
Frederic,  Prince  of  Wales,  435 
London  children's  outdoor  games,  11 
Printing,  early,  in  Europe,   176 
Scissors  and  jaws,  496 
Thomson,  R.A.,  114 
WTearing  one  spur,  471 
Pelf,  its  early  meanings,  286 
Felling  (Edward),  d.  1718,  his  parents,  170 
Pemberton  (H.),  Jun.,  on  Shakespeariana,  163 
Pendlebury  (Miss)  and  Swift  family,  47 
Penn  (William),  his  letters,  7 
Penny  (Frank)  on  Gulston  Addison's  death,  256, 

338 

Coote  (Sir  Eyre),  his  monument,  335 
Islington  historians,  334 
Scupper,  as  a  verb,  298 

Pentonville  Road,  stone  in,  its  history,  87,  156 
"  Peony-royal,"  use  of  the  name,  1711,  308 
Pepita,  a  pattern  in  black-and-white  squares,  6 
Perceval  (Spencer),  Sydney  Smith  on,  267,  316 
Percy  (Thomas),  Prior  of  Holy  Trinity,  Aldgatey 

85,  137 
Perhirr  and  Bellot  in  records  of  Otford,  329,  378  r 

437 

Periodicals,  mathematical,  347,  434,  466 
Perks  (Sydney)  on  the  Guildhall  Crypt,  365 
Perring  (Sir  Philip)  on  Shakespeariana,  164,  423^ 
Peters  (Father)  and  Queen  Mary,  old  tract,  107, 

198 

Peters  (Rev.  M.  W.),  artist,  his  biography,  86 
Petronius  and  Jeremy  Taylor,  65 
Petty  (S.  L.)  on  Eugene  Aram,  279 
Follies,  216 

Lardiner  at  the  Coronation,  198 
Military  musters  :    parish  armour,  258 
Peel  (John),  278 
Phaire  (Col.),  Cromwell's  Governor  of  Cork,  his 

biography,  207 
Philip  (Sir  Matthew),  Mayor  of  London,   24,   ta, 

94,  133,  178 
Philistine,  use  of  the  word,  366 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28,  1911. 


INDEX. 


563 


Phillips   (Lawrence)  on  abbreviations  in  writing 
429 

Authors  of  quotations  wanted,  76,  408 

Botany  :    time  of  flowers  blooming,  29 

Elizabethan  licence  to  eat  flesh,  135 

Westminster  chimes,  509 
Phillips  (Maberly),  on  flint  firelocks  in  Crimean 

War,  168 

Phrases  and  words,  American,  67,  132,  193 
Pickering  (Danby),  fl.  1769,  his  biography,  230, 

492 

Pickwick  family  of  Bath,  465,  534 
Pictures,  moving,  and  the  cinematograph,  1709- 

1896,  502,  537 

Pierpoint  (R.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 
513 

Book-covers  :    "  Yellow-backs,"   414 

Charles  II.  statue  in  Royal  Exchange,  322 

Chemineau,   126,  376 

Dicky  birds  =  omnibus  conductors,  55 

Dispense  bar  :    dispense* cellar,  156 

Flint  firelocks  in  Crimean  War,  250 

Follies,  273 

George  I.  statues  :    William  Hucks,  50,  98, 
135,  199 

Guichard  d'Angle,  493 

Hatton  (Edward),  151 

"  If  you  ask  for  salt,"  150 

Knights  of  the  Swan,  470 

Limerick  glove  in  a  walnut  shell,  249 

'  Lovers'  Vows,'  76 

Otford,  Kent :   Perhirr  and  Bellot,  378 

Pickwicks  of  Bath,  465 

Puckled,  526 

R's  of  sailors,  527 

Rallie-papier,  454 

Robert  of  Normandy  and  Arlette,  495 

St.  Armand,  517 

Scribble,  79 

Seven  as  a  mystic  number  in  Papua,  305 

Sowing  by  hand,  216 

Stone  capital  in  High  Tower,  Westminster, 
]81 

Storm  in  a  teacup,  173 

Turcopolerius  :    Sir  John  Shelley,  371 

Wellington  and  Blucher  at  Waterloo,  371 

Westminster  Cathedral :  Alphabet  ceremonv, 
110 

"  Whom  "  as  subject,  538 

Pigeon  English,  Longfellow's  '  Excelsior  '  in,  309 
Pigeon-houses  in  the  Middle  Ages,  49,  95 
Pigott  (Capt.  John)  at  Gibraltar,  1778,  429 
Pigott  (Lieut.  John)  =  Jane  Bennett,  1764,  77 
Pigott  (W.  Jackson)  on  Jane  Bennett,  77 

Pigott  (Capt.  John),  429 

Pincushion,  birth-records  on,  c.   1750,   326 
Pink  (W.  D.)  on  John  Brooke,  barrister,  111 

Dudley  (Sir  Henry),  230 

Knighthood  bestowed  twice,  178 

Leighton  (Thomas),  M.P.,  207 

Moore  (Christopher),  134 

Philip  (Sir  Matthew),  Mayor  of  London,  94 
Pintado  (Dolores)  on  "  artibeus,"  its  etymology, 

Pip=spot  on  a  card,  465,  514 
Pitfield  (Rev.  Sebastian),  his  ghost,  367,  510 
Pitt  (William),  statue  in  Hanover  Square,  85,  136 
Pius  IV.  and  lines  on  Rome,  248,  318 

Place-N  ames  : — 

Barn  or  Barm  in,  53,  216 
Beverley,  263,  311,  391,  436 
Burntisland,  249 


Place-Names : — 

Chapel  le  Frith,  9,  72 
Corstopitum,  388 
Corstorphine,  388 
Flax  Bourton,  12 
Folly,  29,  78,  113,  158,  215,  273 
Heworth,  9,  75 
Hornshole,  461 
King  in,  130,  192 
Plas,  Welsh,  131 
Pountney,  329 
Prinknash,  228 

Sir  Isaac's  Walk,  Colchester,  9,  74 
Staple  in,  128,  191,  252 
Stone  in,  9,  96 
Storrington,  150 

Unecungga  r  Ynetunga,  143,  211, 272,332,  473 
Worth  in,  13 

Plagiarism,  Milton  on,  309 
Plague,  spread  by  rats,  465 
Plantagenet  tombs  at  Fontevrault,  184,  223,  278, 

332,  356,  390,  410,  431 

Plas,  Welsh  place-name,  its  etymology,  131 
Playfair  (G.  M.  H.)  on  China  and  Japan,  157 
Playgoer  on  Capt.  Crosstree  :    Tom  Bowling,  433 
Plomer  (H.  R.)  on  Directory,  c.  1660,  148 
Poland   (Sir  Harry  B.)   on   Queen  Victoria  and 

George  Peabody,  310 

Politician  on  Hampden  and  Ship  Money,  16 
Poll-books  :  City  of  London,  29,  77  ;  Huntingdon- 
shire, 183 
Pollard  (Matilda)  on  Jew's  eye,  277 

Sir  Isaac's  Walk,  Colchester,  74 
Pollard-Urquhart  (Col.  F.  E.  R.)  on  mazes,  235 

Rupert  (Prince),  56 
Pontevedra  Museum,  Galicia,  English  clocks  in, 

267,  338 

Pook  (H.  W.)  on  parish  registers  burnt  in   1837,  9 
Poor  Law  legislation,  1598,  405 
Poor  Souls'  Light,  opening  in  church  wall,  448 
Porcelain,  Nankin,  in  England,  c.  1792,  446 
Porringer  or  Pottinger  (Capt.),  c.  1689,  248,  315 
Porter  (Jane)  and  '  Sir  Edward  Sea  ward's  Narra- 
tive,' 8,  96 
Portygne,  gold  coin,  c.  1571,  88,  138 
Postmen  :    "  twopenny  "  postmen,  169 
Potinius  (Jo.)  and  Duncan  Liddel,  12 
Potter  (Charles),  1634-63,  his  biography,  230 
Pottinger  (Capt.)  or  Porringer,  c.  1689,  248,  315 
Pottinger  (I.),  his  '  Methodist,'  comedy,  1760,  526 
Potts  (R.  A.)  on  '  Reverberations  '  :   Wm.  Davies, 

134 

Woman  throwing  her  children  to  wolves,  228 
Poultnev  :   Pulteney  :  Pountney,  change  of  name, 

329     ' 

Powell  (A.  C.)  on  Follies,  273 
Practice  :    practise,  use  of  the  words,  246 
Prayer  Book  calendar  and  black-letter  saints,  169 
Pretender,  Old,  his  Orders  and  portraits,  108,  235 
Price  (Leonard  C.)  on  Miers,  silhouette  artist,  369 
Price  (W.)  on  Tennyson  :   oorali,  409 
Prideaux  (Col.  W.  F.)  on  Arabian  horses,  71 
Bibliography  of  London,  190 
Goldsmith's'' Deserted  Village,'   41 
'  Hudibras  '  :  earliest  pirated  edition,  211 
Inscription  in  Hyeres  Cathedral,  150 
Ivory  (Sir  John),  147,  195 
Knapp  (George),  M.P.,  95 
La  Tremoille  (House  of),  201 
Marlowe's  '  Epitaph  on  Sir  Roger  Manwood,' 

24 
Moran  (Edward  R.),  168,  358 


564 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


Prideaux  (W.  R.  B.)  on  Folly,  158 
London  street  cries,  387 
Que-rard  (J.  M.),  177 
Wales  (Princes  of),  71 
Primrose    Hill    and    Lombard    Street    off    Fleet 

Street,  269,  337 
Princes'  deaths  and  comets:   Julius    Caesar,    18, 

57 
Prinknash,  Gloucestershire  place-name,  its  origin 

228,  313 

Printer's  Bible,  misprint  in  Psalm  cxix.,  408,  475 
Printers  and  booksellers,  Bristol,  23 
Printers  of  the  Statutes  c.  1550,  117 
Printing,   early,   in   Europe  and  elsewhere,    126, 

176  ;    in  Bohemia,  286 

Prior's  Salford  Church  :    Clarke  monuments,  9 
Prior  (W.  R.)  on  Christmas  family  of  Bideford, 

28 

Privett  (H.)  on  Westminster  Cathedral,  110 
'  Proscrit,  Le,'  published  in  London,  1850,  228 
Provencal  story  of  three  wishes,  506 
Proverb  quoted  by  Bishop  Fisher,  46 

Proverbs  and  Phrases: — 

A  Sunday  well  spent,  388 

All  comes  out  even  at  the  end  of  the  day, 

527 

All  Lombard  Street  to  a  China  orange,  200 
All  right,  McCarthy,  286,  358,  396 
Calais  lost  for  lack  of  mustard,  308 
Catching  the  Speaker's  eye,  285 
Everything  comes  to  him  who  knows  how 

to  wait,  386 

Game  leg,  229,  296,  315,  392 
High    days,    holidays,    and    bonfire    nights, 

149,  193 
If  you  ask  for  salt,  you  ask  for  sorrow,  150, 

198 
It  takes  all  sorts  of  people  to  make  a  world, 

534 
Jump  down  a  man's  throat,  307 

Ka/COU  K6pCLKOS   KO.KOV  WOU,    408 

Kelso  convoy,  425 

Leap  in  the  dark,  86,  154 

Literary  gossip,  15 

Love  me,  love  my  dog,  522 

Mesopotamia :    That   blessed   word    Mesopo- 
tamia, 253 

Of  bad  crow,  bad  egg,  408 

Old  cock  o'  wax,  528 

On  the  tapis,  289 

Plundering  and  blundering,  267 

Bights  of  man,  404 

Storm  in  a  teacup,  86,  131,  173,  255 

Who  was  your  nigger  last  year  ?  286 

Worth  a  Jew's  eye,  208 

You  have  forced  me  to  do  this  willingly,  289 

493 

Provincial  towns,  their  old  newspapers,  481 
Provins,  Huguenot  church  at,  article  on,  8 
Pryce  (A.  Reginald)  on  authors  wanted,  229 

Statues  in  the  British  Isles,  383 
Public  School  Registers  printed,  52 
Puckled,  meaning  of  the  word,  c.  1620,  526 
Pugh  (Edward),  his  pseudonym,  David  Hughson 

89 

Pulci,  Italian  poet,  and  Ulysses,  407 
Pull  =  a  seizure,  in  Devon  inquest,  18 
Pulteney  :  Poultney  :   Pountney,  change  of  name 

329 
'  Punch,'  '  Drawing-Room  Ditties  '  in,  48,  94,  154 

199,  234  ;    Roman  Catholics  on  its  staff,  402 
Puns  on  Payne  surname,  400,  453 


uttenham  (G.),   censure  of  Turbervile's  poems, 
1,  103,  182,  264  ;    '  Arte  of  English  Poesie  '  and 
Gascoigne,  363,  444 
>yke,  Halley,  and  Stuart  families,  44,  227,  486 

i.  (A.  N.)  on  aviation:   deaths  of  pioneer  airmen, 

385 

Newcastle-under-Lyme  charter  restored,  125, 
Rule  of  the  road,  161 
Thorough  toll  at  Newcastle,  166 
Wales  (Princes  of),  21 
Westminster  Cathedral,  49 
Q.    (J.   H.)   on  alleged   murder  by   Chelsea  pen- 
sioners, 325 

Quaker  deputation  to  the  Tzar  Nicholas,  387 
Quaker  oats  and  "  quaking  grass,"  528 
Quarrell  (W.  H.)  on  St.  Michael's  Church,  Worces- 
ter, 266 

Queens  of  Henry  VIII.,  their  descent,  464 
Querard    (J.    M.),    bibliographer,    his    Christian 

names,  87,  177,  410 
Quilt-traveree  quickly,  its  use,  93 
Quiz,  use  of  the  word,  1782,  229 

Quotations : — 

A  rose,  a  lily,  a  dove,  a  serpent,  92 

A  Sunday  well  spent,  388 

Adieu,  plaisant  pays  de  France,  188,  235,  278 

All  comes  out  even  at  the  end  of  the  day,  527 

All  passes  with  the  passing  of  the  days,  488 

An  ounce  of  enterprise  is  worth  a  pound  of 

privilege,  55 
And  nine  is  striking  by  the  chime,  prime  time, 

487,  536 

As  it  fell  out  upon  a  day,  169 
As  the  trees  began  to  whisper  and  the  wind 

began  to  roll,  488 

Beatitude  non  est  divinorum  cognitio,  229 
C'est  magnifique,  mais  ce  n'est  pas  la  guerre, 

420 
Do  not  keep  the  alabaster  boxes  of  your  love, 

169 

Drenched  with  the  hellish  oorali,  409,  453 
E  come  la  tra  li  Tedeschi  lurchi,  82 
Entre  or  et  roux  Dieu  fit  ses  longs  cheveux, 

307 
Fare  thee  well,  my  dearest  Mary  Ann,  2C7, 

316 
For  Hudibras  wore  but  one  spur,  367,  471, 

534 
Fortune  came  smiling  to  his  youth  and  woo'd 

it,  508 

Give  me  some  wet  hay,  469,  535 
Give,  O  give  me  the  man  who  sings  at  bis 

work  !    309,  494 

Great  Metropolitan  of  Martyrs  !    327 
'H  8t  f>7/)<JT?7S  tvdeevrtpovs  ^v  T$  TrXrjdti  TO^S,  235 
He  did  not  know,  poor  fool,  88 
He  sailed  into  the  setting  sun,  28 
He  sentenced  the  thief  unheard,  327 
Hear  ye  the  sellers  of  lavender  ?  88,  135 
Here's  a  brave  looking-glass,  308,  355 
Hero  of  the  plains  of  Maida,  129,  178 
How  blest  is  he,  above  all  doubt,  150 
I  pete  ccelestes,  ubi  nulla  est  cura,  recessus, 

55 

I  slept,  and  dreamed  that  life  was  Beauty,  349 
I  was  that  citie,  which  the  garland  wore,  126 
I  would  not  wish  thee  riches,  327 
If  I  had  a  donkey  wot  wouldn't  go,  48,  94. 

154,  199,  234 

If  I  may  enter  by  some  humble  door,  33 
King's  '  Classical  and  Foreign,'  123,  402 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


565 


Quotations : — 

Knock,  knock,  but  you  cannot  come  in,  327 
Latifundia  perdidere  Italiam,  45 
Launched  point-blank  his  dart,  28,  76 
Lord,  in  this  house,  509 
Many  earths  on  earth  there  be,  352 
Marmoream   me     fecit,     eram     cum    terrea, 

Caesar,  248 

May  the  sun  of  thy  life,  28 
Mendacium  in  damnum  potens,  65 
My  Son  !   behold  the  tide  already  spent,  222, 

294,  416 

Napoleon  the  First  and  Last,  326 
Needles  and  pins  !    Needles  and  pins  !    54 
No    pleasing   memory  left — forgotten    quite, 

146 

Oh,  that  were  best  indeed,  449 
Perils  stood  thick,  327,  373 
Pinks,  goulands,  kingcups,  429,  532 
Qui  me  amat,  amat  et  canem  meum,  522 
Qui  nescit  dissimulare,*  nescit  regnare,  408, 

512 

Quum  me  iubes  emigrare,  428 
Bomae,  Lutetiee  ac  Venetiae  nemo  quidquarn 

miratur,  392 

Sibyls  and  prophets  have  already  spoken,  449 
Sic     enim     (renitente     prouerbio)     Thylaco 

maior,  46 
Some     humble     door      among     Thy     many 

mansions,  33 
Stern  death  cut  short  his   being,   169,  213, 

214 
Still  Tatternhoe  dames  rehearse  their  tale, 

515 
Suppose  four  thousand  gentlemen  at  least, 

441 

Tetigisti  me  et  exarsi  in  pacem  tuam,  408 
The  confidence  of  Youth  our  only  Art,  222 
The  fathers  of  New  England,  who  unbound, 

508 
The  poor  dog,  in  life  the  firmest  friend,  349, 

395 

The  rich  man's  guardian,  349,  395 
The  rule  of  the  road  is  a  paradox  quite,  162, 

254 

The  Scipios'  tomb  contains  no  ashes  now,  508 
Their  look,  with  the  reach  of  past  ages,  was 

wise,  129,  178 

Then  come  to  me  and  bring  with  thee,  188 
They  are  but  phantoms  now,  327 
This  is  the  land  of  mendacity,  428 
This  tenth  of  March  when  Aries  receyvd,  363 
Thou  saw'st  Ver'lam  once  ahead,  125 
Thus  was  I  puckled  in  a  foggie  mist,  526 
Thy  destined  hour,  Leo,  draweth  nigh,  252 
.     Trifles  make  perfection,  267,  334 

Turn  vero  quo  cuique  magis  curvatus  eundo, 

488 

Unholy  is  the  voice,  508 
We  had  prayed  with  tears,  327,  373 
What  Hell  may  be  I  know  not,  28,  297 
.    What  will  not  luxury  taste  ?  218 
When  into  the  arms  of  Night  sinks  weary  Day, 

267,  334 

Who  can  withstand  his  angry  force,  408 
WTho  dares  disturb  the  quiet  of  Old  Wishart's 

grave,  328 

Who's  this  that  comes  from  Egypt,  148 
Whose  lives  are  but  a  fragment,  408 
Witches  meeting  on  Saturday  night,  229 
Ye  landlords  vile,  who  man's  peace  inar,  404 
Yonder  starry  sphere,  388,  436 


B.  (A.  F.)  on  dispense  bar,  66 

Early  Beefsteak  Club,  445,  497 

"  Leap     in     the    dark "     as     Parliamentary 

phrase,    154 

Witchcraft  in  the  twentieth  century,  46 
B.   (C.  E.)  on  Queen  Victoria  and  George  Pea- 
body,  247 
B.  (D.  M.)  on  Myddelton  :   Dref  :   Plas,  132 

'  St.  James's  Chronicle,'  475 

B.  (G.  B.)  on  Greek  History  with  illustrations,  228 
B.  (G.  W.  E.)  on  Matthew  Arnold  on  eloquence, 

438 

'  Drawing-Boom  Ditties,'  199,  234 
Herb-woman  to  the  King,  312 
"  Highdays,  holidays,  and    bonfire   nights," 

193 

Knighthood,  413 
"  On  the  tapis,"  352 
Pull,  dialect  meaning,  18 
B.  (L.  C.)  on  King's  Butler,  108 
B.  (L.  G.)  on  Lardiner  at  the  Coronation,  149 
B.  (L.  M.)  on  "The  Fortune  of  War,"  tavern  sign, 

18 

Boyal  manners  temp.  William  IV.,  117 
Shakespeare's  Bible,  365 
Stained  glass  in  Essex  churches,  464 
B.  (W.  W.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  327 
B's  of  sailors,  meaning  of  the  term,  527 
Baaff  (N.)  on  South  African  Slang,  63 
Baikes  (Bobert),  advocate  of  Sunday  schools,  his 

portrait,  307 

Bailway,  portable,  patent  granted  1770,  6 
Bailways  and  motor-cars  in  1838,  284 
Bain-smir  =  flying  shower,  346,  415 
Baleigh  (Sir  Walter),  his  servant,  and  tobacco,  489 
Bailie-papier  =  paper-chase    or    rally-paper,    307, 

356,  454 
Banking  (G.)  on  "  googlie,"  cricket  slang,  38 

Banking  (John),  86 
Banking  (John),  his  biography,  86 
1  Bape  of  Proserpine  '  and  Veronese,  11 
Batcliffe  (T.)  on  "  Blest  he  and  she,"  150 
"  British  Glory  Bevived,"  29,  279 
Christmas,  its  making,  504 
Corpse  bleeding,  391 
'  Drawing  Boom  Ditties,'  154 
Fairies  :    ruffs  and  reeves,  319 
"  Fare  you  well,  my  own  Mary  Anne,"  317 
Game  leg,  392 
Gingham  :    gamp,  335 
Goats  and  cows,  534 
Hobby-horse,  318 
"  Old  Cock  o'  Wax,"  528 
Owls  called  "  cherubims,"  505 
Pincushion  birth-records,  326 
Pips  on  cards  and  dice,  514 
Scissors  and  jaws,  496 
Snails  as  food,  175 
Spider's  web  and  fever,  109 
Toe  and  finger  names,  217 
'  Young  Folks,'  511 
Bats  and  the  spread  of  plague,  465 
Bats,  black,  in  London,  465,  537 
Bavensbourne,  early  use  of  the  name,  17 
Bavenstonedale,  Court  Bolls  of,  before  1700,  488 
Bayment  (H.)  on  initials  on  Bussian  ikon,  32 
Bead  (F.  W.)  on  morganatic  marriages,  256 
Otford,  Kent :   Perhirr  and  Bellot,  437 
Beade  (Aleyn  Lyell)  on  Gulston  Addison's   death, 

101 

Architecture's  distinguished  deserters,  342 
Becorders   and   High  Stewards  at  the   Bestora- 
tion,  488 


56d 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911 


Records,  municipal,  list  of  printed,  287,  450,  529 
Records,  naval,  their  preservation  in  1811,  368 
Records  of  birth  on  pincushions,  c.  1750,  326 
Red  Lion  Square  obelisk,  its  history,  109,  156,  176 
Reddleman,  name  terrible  to  children,  194 
Reeves  and  ruffs  mistaken  for  fairies,  265,  319 
Reformation,  Colani  on  the,  488 
Register  Office,  advertisement  of  1756,  305,  377 
Registers,  parish.     See  Parish  registers. 
Registers  of  French  Churches  in  London,  159 
Registers  of  Public  Schools  printed,  52 
Registry  Office,  advertisement  of  1756,  305,  377 
Reichel  (Oswald  J.)  on  Chapel  le  Frith,  9 
Reinach  (S.)  on  '  Rape  of  Proserpine,'  by  Veronese, 

Relton  (Francis  H.)  on  Sir  Matthew  Philip,  134 
*  Renascence :      Sculptured     Tombs     of     Rome,' 

alleged  inaccuracies,  304 
Restif  de  la  Bretonne,  '  Le  Paysan  Perverti,'  189, 

238 
Restoration,    High  Stewards    and   Recorders   at, 

488 
'  Reverberations,'  short  poems,  their  author,  68, 

111,  134 
Rhodes  (A.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  327 

Charles  II.  and  his  Fubbs  yacht,  253 

"  Egyptian  pompe,"  166 

'  Excelsior '  in  pigeon  English,  358 

"  Fare  you  well,  my  own  Mary  Anne,"  316 

Game  leg,  296 

Glenny  (Alexander),  509 

Greenwich  Market,  1740,  313 

Hobby-horse,  317 

Major  (H.  A.),  297 

Monastic  sites  and  buried  treasure,  515 

Moving  pictures  in  Fleet  Street,  456 

Municipal  records  printed,  450,  529 

Portygne,  its  meaning,  88 

Provincial  booksellers,  52 

Thackeray  at  the  British  Museum,  428 

Watermarks  in  paper,  458 
Rich  (Barnabe),  his  '  Excellency  of  Good  Women,' 

308,  355 

Rich  (Jeremiah),  his  works,  c.  1648-54,  248,  356 
Riddle  of  claret  served  in  Scotland,  527 
"  Rights  of  man,"  originator  of  the  phrase,  404 
Rimes,  toe  and  finger,  217 
Road,  rule  of  the,  on  land,  161,  254 
Robbins  (A.  F.)  on  buff  and  blue  as  party  colours, 

Burghmote,  1743,  510 

"  Catching  the  Speaker's  eye,"  285 

Chained  books,  266 

Common  Hangman,  325 

Congdon's  '  Plymouth  Telegraph,'  435 

Cromwell  (Richard),  his  daughter,  287 

Fourth  Estate,  137 

Gladstone  at  Wilmslow,  311 

'  Hudibras  '  :    earliest  pirated  edition,  142 

"Jack  Ketch's  journeyman  "— =  thief,  246 

'  Jonathan  Wild  the  Great '  :   its  germ,  261 

Ladies'  hats  in  theatres,  476 

Literary  Gossip,  15 

Moving  pictures  in  Fleet  Street,  403 

Naval  records,  their  preservation,  368 

'  Oliver  Twist '  on  the  stage,  234 

"  On  the  tapis,"  289 

Performing  elephants  in  England,  366 

Pitt's  statue  in  Hanover  Square,  85 

Shakespeare's  biography  :    Tonson's  edition 

345 

Slavery  in  Scotland,  230 
Smith  (Sydney)  on  Spencer  Perceval,  316 


on   "  Sovereign  " 
h 


of    Kinsale, 


Bobbins    (A. 

190 

Storm  in  a  teacup,  255 
Tammany  and  England,  185,  337 
Wesley  (John),  his  marriage,  226 
Wilds  (Jonathan),  346 
Robbins  (R.),  his  death,  360  ;    on  George  II.  to 

George  V.,  125 
"  High  days,  holidays,  and  bonfire  nights," 

149 

Old-time  English  dancing,  166 
Roberts  (W.)  on  Alfieri  in  England,  532 

Arcangelus  (D.  Camerino),  painter,  517 

'  English  Freeholder,'  1791,  108 

Franco  family,  166 

Gingham  :    gamp,  268 

Glynn  (Richard),  publisher,  178 

Lawrence  (Capt.  G.  B.),  artist,  366  j 

Nankin  porcelain  in  England,  446 

Pamela  (Mile.),  her  origin,  285 

Paterson  (Samuel)  and  Earldom  of  Cassilis, 

325 

Plantagenet  tombs  at  Fontevrault,  278 
Shakespeare  Quartos  in  Switzerland,  288 
Smith  (J.  R.)  :    Dr.  W.  Saunders,  6 
Smollett's  "  Hugh  Strap,"  26 
Tenducci  anecdotes,  205 
Thomson,  R.A.,  114 
Vestris  family,  126 
Wade  and  Gainsborough,  226 
Wainewright  (Thomas  Griffiths),  406 
Wilberforce  and  Thornton,  526 
Robertson  (J.)  on  money  and  matrimony,  28 
Robin  Hood's  men  in  May  games,  16,  79 
Robinson  (Mr.),  his  designs  for  Somerset  House, 

25,  258 

Robinson  (Sir  John),  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  74 
Robinson  (John)  on  Speaker's  Chair  of  Old  House 

of  Commons,  128,  331 
Robinson  (Lionel  G.)  on  '  Le  Proscrit,'  228 
Rockingham  on  Kipling  and  the  swastika,  338 

Names  terrible  to  children,  133 
Rogers  (Capt.  Woodes),  c.  1708,  his  descendants, 

488 

Rogers  (Nathaniel),  M.P.  for  Hull  1717-27,  173 
"  Roma  Aurea  "  and  Pius  IV.,  248,  318 
Roman  Empire,  Holy  Count  of,  509 
Roofer  =  letter  of  thanks,  149,  196 
Roosevelt  surname,  its  pronunciation,  78 
Rosamond  :   Fair  Rosamond  in  sampler  work,  303 
Rostand  (Edmond),  misprint  in  '  Chantecler,'  205, 

257 
Rotch  (B.)  and  '  Manners  and  Customs  of  the 

French,'  37,  76 
Rotton  (Sir  J.  F.)  on  Alfieri  in  England,  532 

Weale  (James),  291 

Round  (P.   Zillwood)  on  saint's  cloak  and  sun- 
beam, 309 

West  Indian  folk-lore,  352 
Roupell  (William),  date  of  his  death,  226,  271 
Rousseau  (J.  J.),  letter  to  Davenport,  1767,  427, 

536 
Rowe  (J.  Hambley)  on  Thomas  Kingston,  150 

Lord  Mayors  and  their  counties  of  origin,  108 
Trecothick  (Barlow),  Lord  Mayor,  209 
Royal  arms  in  churches,  their  history,  428,  513 
Royal  Exchange,  Charles  II.  statue  in,  322,  371, 

454  ;    guide  to  frescoes  in,  508 
Royal  Household,  book  with  lists  of,  469 
Royal  Humane  Society,  Dickens  on,  87,  194 
Ruff  (Howard)  on  Cromwell  and  Louis  XIV.,  168 
Ruffs  and  reeves  mistaken  for  fairies,  265,  319 
Rule  of  the  road  on  land,  161,  25 1 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


INDEX. 


567 


Rumbelow  surname,  38 

Rupert  ((Prince),  and  weathercock  at  Shepperton 

Church,  10,  56 

Rural  Dean  on  royal  arms  in  churches,  428 
Rush  ( Angelica )==  Dr.  E.  Daniel  Clarke,  49,  93 
Rush  (Sir  W.  B.),  his  daughter's  marriage,  49,  93 
Rushbearing  custom,  126,  174 

Rushen   (P.  C.)  on  inscriptions  in  churches  and 
churchyards,  492 

Tenement-house,  494 
Ruskin  (John)  on  Dante  and  a  font,  469 
Russell  (A.)  on  the  sleepless  arch,  88 
Russell  (Lady)  on  Mrs.  Burr,  painter,  350 

Charles  II.  and  his  Fubbs  yacht,  171 

"  Fern  to  make  malt,"  279 

George  I.  statues,  51 

Hudson  (Major)  at  St.  Helena,  312 

Limerick  glove  in  a  walnut  shell,  297  ^ 

Sir  '  Edward  Seaward's  Narrative,'  96 

Smith  (Goldwin),  his  '  Reminiscences,'  317 

Stephenson  (Sir  William),  187 

Witt  (Cornelius  de),  8    . 

Russell   (F.   A.)   on   dicky  birds  =  omnibus   con- 
ductors, 55 

Dog  poems,  395 

English  wine  and  spirit  glasses,*434 

Shakespeariana,  163 
Rutton  (W.  L.)  on  manor  of  Neyte  cum  Eybury, 

482 

Rylands    (John)    Library,   rare   Dante   codex   in, 
46,  172, 291 

S.  on  Canons,  Middlesex,  437 

S— t  on  Hezekiah  and  Timothy  Swift,  228 

S.  (A.)  on  William  Mears,  bellfounder,  445 

Nottingham  earthenware  tombstone,  538 
S.  (A.  H.)  on  Mrs.  Fitzherbert's  sale,  68 

Nottingham  earthenware  tombstone,  15 
S.  (C.  L.)  on  "  George  the  First  was  reckoned  vile," 
368 

Smouch,  term  for  a  Jew,  457 

Thames  Water  Company,  29 

S.  (C.  W.)  on  '  Reverberations  '  :  Wm.  Davies,  134 
S.  (F.  H.)  on  pigeon-houses  in  the  Middle  Ages,  49 
S.  (H.)  on  Disraeli  and  Macready,  506 

Thackeray  and  the  stage,  494 
S.  (H.  K.  St.  J.)  on  alexandrines  in  Shakespeare, 

417 

S.  (J.)  on  '  Alumni  Cantabrigienses,'  25 
S.  (J.  S.)  on  Verulamium,  125 
S.    (M.)    on    wooden    effigies    at    Weston-under- 

Lizard,  268 

S.  (R.)  on  Abb6  Se— ,  47 
S.  (S.  P.  E.)  on  Adling  Street,  197 
S.  (T.)  on  Chyebassa,  its  locality,  448 
S.  (W.  G.)  on  Dictionary  of  Mythology,  167 

France  (Anatole),  his  '  Thais,'  107 
S.  (W.  H.)  on  great  snow  in  1614,  508 

Inscription  in  Hydres  Cathedral,  109 
S.  (W.  S.)  on  American  words  and  phrases,  194 

Arms  of  women,  176 

Authors  of  quotations  wanted,  334,  373 

Bibliography  of  London,  113 

Carlin  Sunday,  315 

'  Case  Altered,'  humorous  poem,  193 

Clara  Emilia  (Princess)  of  Bohemia,  79 

Cologne  (Archbishop  of)  :   two  tracts,  433 

Comets  and  princes  :   Julius  Caesar,  18 

Coote  (Sir  Eyre),  his  monument,  295 

Cowes  family,  58 

Dartmouth,  Vicars  of,  257 

Dickens  on  Royal  Humane  Society,  194 

Dickv  birds  =  omnibus  conductors,  55 


S.  (W.  S.)  on  Dictionary  of  Mythology,  294 

D'Orsay  (Count),  his  Journal,  56 

East  India  Company's  Marine  Service,  157 

'  English  Freeholder,'  1791,  216 

English  sepulchral  monuments,  154 

English  wine  and  spirit  glasses,  379 

Farley  (Abraham),  37 

Fea  (James),  Orkney  author,  412 

Glegg  (Lieut.-Col.  John  B.),  196 

Godfreys  at  Westminster  School,  437 

Goldsmith  and  Hackney,  98 

Gordons  at  Westminster  School,  437 

Greek  History  with  illustrations,  438 

Greenwich  Market,  313 

H.M.S.  Avenger,  239 

Hampshire  Hog,  57 

Handyman -=•  sailor,  113 

Harald  (King)  the  Gold  Beard,  458 

Hatton  (Edw.),  96 

Homer  and  Ulysses,  515 

Hone's  '  Table'Book,'  T.  Q.  M.  in,  336 

Hone's  *  Year-Book,'  J.  W.  in,  335 

Islington  historians,  296 

Jonson  (Ben),  174 

'  Judgment  of  God,'  318 

Knapp  (George),  M.P.,   36 

Lascaris  (Andronicus),  music  to  Aristophanes, 
76 

Latour  (Peter  de),  351 

Lincoln's  Inn  vines  and  fig  tree,  453 

'  Little  booke  of  perfection  of  Woemen, '  355 

Lord   Mayors    and   their    counties    of   origin,. 
177 

Magazine  story  of  a  deserter,  252 

Maids  of  Taunton,  491 

Mathematical  periodicals,  434 

Melmont  berries  =  juniper  berries,  118 

Minster  :   verger  v.  sacristan,  274 

'  Monsieur  Tonson,'  its  author,  356 

Morganatic  marriages,  217 

Moses  and  Pharaoh's  daughter,  95 

Municipal  records  printed,  451 

Old  Pretender,  235 

Peacock  (T.  L.),  his  plays,  112 

Pitfield  (Rev.  Sebastian),  his  ghost,  510 

Quilt,  its  meanings,  93 

Rich  (Jeremiah),  356 

Rousseau  and  Davenport.  536 

St.  Hilda  :    St.  John  del  Pyke,  517 

Scotch  and  Irish  booksellers,  170 

Seventeenth-century  clergy,  238 

Shakespeare  :    "  Montjoy  et  St.  Dennis,"  13 

'  Sir  Edward  Seaward's  Narrative,'  97 

Smith  (Father),  the  organ  builder,  317 

Spider's  web  and  fever,  194 

Stael  (Baron  de)  in  Scotland,  517 

Swale  (Mrs.),  333 

Thundering  dawn  in  Kipling  and  F.  Thomp- 
son, 113 

Ulysses  and  Pulci,  515 

Wesley  (Samuel),  436 

Wrilkes  (John),  114 
Sac  :  soke-=  manor,  108,  157 
Sacristan  v.  verger,  the  names,  130,  274,  314 
Sadi  on  Heworth,  9 

Royal  shield  of  Scotland,  129 
Sailor's  song,  Daniel  and  the  pirate,  229 
Sailors'  R's,  meaning  of  the  term,  527 
St.  Agatha  at  Wimborne,  29,  112 
St.  Armand,  peak  of  Adirondack  Mountain?,  the- 

name,  367,  517 

St.  Austin's  Gate,  c.  1643,  its  locality,  38 
St.  Bernard  of  Clairvaux,  Latin  hymn  by,  428 


568 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


St.  Catharine's  College,  Cambridge,  its  arms,  308, 

359 

St.  Denis,  royal  tombs  at,  c.  1080,  65,  116,  449 
Saint-Evremond  (Charles),  date  of  his  birth,  141 

St.  Germain-en-Laye,  corpse  of  James  II.  at,  449 
St.  Helena,  Col.  Skelton  at,  48,  93,  135  ;    Major 

Hodson  at,  169,  251 
St.  Hilda,  representations  of,  467,  516 
St.  Hyacinthus,  churches  dedicated  to,  528 
'  St.  Ives  Mercury,'  early  weekly  newspaper,  481 
'  St.  James's  Chronicle,'  c.  1760-65,  409,  475 
St.  John  del  Pyke,  his  identity,  467 
St.  Leger  Stakes  and  St.  Leodegarius,  66,  112 
St.  Leodegarius,  and  St.  Leger  Stakes,  66,  112 
St.  Margaret  in  Mr.  A.  Lang's  '  Maid  of  France,' 

277 

St.  Mark's,  North  Audley  Street,  its  tenure,  368 
St.  Michael's  Church,  Worcester,  its  mural  tablets, 

266 

St.  Pancras  Church,  engraving  of,  56 
St.  Prothus,  churches  dedicated  to,  528 
St.  Swithin  on  Abraham's  beard,  a  game,  29 
Apple  tree  flowering  in  autumn,  199 
Arms  of  Archbishops  of  York,  426 
Arms  of  women,  175 
Black  rats  in  London,  465 
Book-covers  :    "  Yellowbacks,"  373 
Cley-next-the-Sea  Church  :    Woodwose,  471 
Collins  =  letter  of  thanks,  196 
Cuckoo  :   how  it  dies.  446 
Elephant  and  castle  in  heraldry,  398 
"  Est,  Est,  Est,"  413 
Falstaff's  l<  food  for  powder,"  525 
Follies,  273 

Holy  Crows,  Lisbon,  116 
"  If  you  ask  for  salt,"  198 
Jew-burning  :   late  instance  in  Italy,  346 
Johnson  (Dr.)  in  the  hunting  field,  525 
Kipling  and  the  swastika,  188,  395 
Lowthers    v.   Howards :     superstition  upset, 

504 

Market  day,  48 
Mazes,  148 

Mendiant,  French  dessert,  333 
Names  terrible  to  children,  258 
Pigeon-houses  in  the  Middle  Ages,  96 
'  Pride  and  Prejudice  '  :    calendar     mistake, 

Robert  of  Normandy  and  Arlette,  396 

Rostand's  '  Chantecler,'  257 

St.  Armand,  517 

St.  Leodegarius   and   the   St.    Leger   Stakes, 
112 

St.  Swithin's  tribute  at  Old  Weston,  174 

Saint's  cloak  and  sunbeam,  357 

Sleepless  arch,  135 

Smouch,  term  for  a  Jew,  292 

Snails  as  food,  125,  218,  315 

Sparrow-blasted,  318 

Tilleul,  132 

Toe  and  finger  names,  217 

Twopenny  postmen,  169 

West  Indian  folk-lore,  225 

Whyteheer  or  whytebeer.  318 
St.  Swithin's  Day,  curious  custom  at  Ola  »»'estou, 

Hunts,  126,  174 
Saint's  cloak  hanging  on   a  sunbeam,   309,   357, 

438, 515 

•Salmon   (David)  on  Dequevauviller  and  J.  Lan- 
caster, 348 

'  Kxcelsior  '  in  pigeon  English,  358 

Myddelton  :    Dref  :    Plas,  131 


Plantagenet  story  worked  in,  c.  1680, 
Gibraltar,    inscriptions    in, 


Sampler  : 

303 
Sandpits    Cemetery, 

423,  483 

Santiago,  English  altar  Virgin  in,  248.  517 
Sare  (Richard),  bookseller,  biography  and  funeral 

sermon,  84,  137 
Sark  bibliography,  127 

Satakopacharya  (T.  V.)  on  '  Vertimmus,'  147 
'  Saturday  Review,'  contributors  to,  1855-7,  305 
Saunders  (H.  A.   C.)  on   "  All  right,  McCarthy," 

396 

Savage  (Canon  E.  B.)  on  rats  and  plague,  465 
Sawyer  (C.  J.)  on  George  II.  :  poem  on  his  death,  8 
Scaltheen,  an  Irish  drink,  426,  476 
Scattergood    (Bernard   P.)   on   William    Aislabie, 

473 
Schank  (Lionel)  on  Prinknash,  313 

Vavasour,  377 

Schelm==wild  carnivora,  new  meaning,  266,  318 
Schloesser  (F.)  on  Belgian  students'  song.  186 

Door-knocker  etiquette,  17,  115 

Fairies  :   ruffs  and  reeves,  319 

Gingham  :   gamp,  398 

Hanging-Sword  Alley  ,  269 

Kipling  and  the  Swastika,  338 

Merluche,  93 

Motorists  as  fairies,  126 

Schema  =wild  carnivora,  318 

Skelton  (Col.)  of  St.  Helena,  93 

Smouch,  term  for  a  Jew,  292 

Toasts  and  sentiments,  79 
Schools,  Public,  printed  Registers  of,  52 
Scissors,    jaws    moving    in    sympathy  with,    448| 

496 

Scoff,  South  African  slang  word,  63,  138,  372 
Scotch  and  Irish  booksellers,  170,  418 
Scotland,  royal  shield  of,  129 
Scott  (Sir  Walter),  and  a  "  Kelso  convoy,"  425  ; 

and  the  place-name  Hornshole,  461 
Scott  (W.)  on  alexandrines  in  Shakespeare,  418 

Allusions  in  American  authors,  373 

Anglo-Spanish  author,  119 

'  Arno  Miscellany,'  1784,  234 

Arnold  (Matthew)  on  eloquence,  318 

Authors  of  quotations  wanted,  278 

Bell's  editions  of  the  poets,  319 

Blanket,  as  a  verb,  376 

4  Buccaneer,'  372 

Bull  (Edward),  publisher,  176 

Circle  of  Loda,  97 

Corpse  bleeding,  391 

Crusie,  Scottish  lamp,  393 

Donne's  poems,  75 

'  Edinburgh  Literary  Journal,'  338 

Elizabeth  (Queen)  and  astrology,  197 

Frederic,  Prince  of  Wales,  435 

Hall's  '  Chronicle,'  Henry  IV.,  458 

"  Halls  "  district,  416 

Henriquez  (Jacob)  and  his  daughters,  236 

Hodson  (Major)  at  St.  Helena,  251 

Horace,  '  Carmina,'  Book  I.,  55 

'  Jonathan  Sharp,'  35 

Ladies  and  University  degrees,  358 

Latin  epitaph  at  Dryburgh  Abbey,  414 

Laurence  (Chevalier  de)  on  heraldry,  18 

'  Letters  by  an  American  Spy,'  537 

Liddel  (Duncan)  and  Jo.  Potinius,  12 

Maginn's  writings,  75 

Major  (H.  A.),  255 

Malmaison,  359 

'  Manners  and  Customs  of  the  French,'  37 

Napoleon  and  the  Little  Red  Man,  511 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28,  1911. 


INDEX. 


569 


Scott  (W.)  on  Frank  Nicholls,  295 

'  Oliver  Twist '  on  the  stage,  215J 

Parr  (Queen  Katherine),  99 

Peck  (Francis),  136 

Printer's  Bible,  475 

Robert  of  Normandy  and  Arlette,  397 

St.  Margaret  and  Joan  of  Arc,  277 

Se—  (Abbd),  173 

Seventeenth-century  biography,  36 

Shakespeare,  chronological  edition,  431 

'  Shaving  Them,'  by  Titus  A.  Brick,  115 

Skelton  (Col.)  of  St".  Helena,  135 

Slavery  in  Scotland,  374 

Smollett's  '  History  of  England,'  213 

Storm  in  a  teacup,  173 

Strettell-Utterson,  16 

Sudan  archaeology,  235 

Taylor  (Jeremy),  his  descendants,  351 

Tenedish,  354 

Thackeray  and  the  stage,  494 

Toasts  and  sentiments,  32 

Turcopolerius,  337 

Wright  (Michael),  painter,  314 
Scotus  on  Jane  Austen's  death,  397 

Book-covers  :    "  Yellow-backs,"  274 

Carracci's  picture  of  St.  Gregory,  377 

Chideock,  153 

Clocks  and  their  makers,  394 

D'Eresby  or  De  Eresby  ?  117 

Dog  poems,  395 

Dummie-daws,  455 

English  clocks  in  Pontevedra  Museum,  338 

Gamnecourt  in  Picardy,  512 

Haviland  (John),  printer,  477 

Hereford,  Archdeacons  of,  255 

Knights  of  Malta  in  Sussex,  457 

Knights  of  the  Swan,  470 

Lum  :   origin  of  the  surname,  376 

Luscombe  (Bishop  Michael  H.  T.),  456 

Monastic  sites  and  buried  treasure,  516 

Peters  (Father)  and  Queen  Mary,  198 

Pottinger  or  Porringer  (Capt.),  315 

Qu^rard  (J.  M.),  bibliographer,  178 

Royal  arms  in  churches,  514 

St.  Agatha  at  Wimborne,  112 

Scissors  and  jaws,  497 

Scupper,  the  verb,  298 

Shakespeare  Quartos  in  Switzerland,  353 

Sheeny,  nickname  for  a  Jew,  476 

Smith  (Gold win),  his  '  Reminiscences,'  277 

Smith   (Sydney)  and   "  Boreal  Bourdaloue," 
473 

Sparrow-blasted,  392 

Staple  in  place-names,  252 

Tennyson's  '  Margaret,'  94 

Wet  hay,  535 

Women  carrying  their  husbands,  452 

Wooden   effigies   at  Weston  -  under  •  Lizard, 

356 

Scribble,  earliest  use  of  the  verb,  79 
Scruto,  etymology  of  the  word,  187 
Scupper,  verbal  use  of  the  word,  207,  298 
Seaward  (G.  S.)  on  knighthood,  328 
Secretaries  to  the  Lords   Lieutenant  of  Ireland, 

187,  233 

Seersucker  coat,  origin  of  the  word,  69,  138 
Senpere  :  (?)  bridgekeeper,  c.  1440,  52 
Sentiments  and  toasts,  collection  of,  32,  79 
Sepulchral  monuments,   English,    1300-1350,   47, 

154,  199 
Serjeantson    (R.    M.)    on    authors    of    quotations 

wanted,  327 
Seven,  a  mystic  number  in  Papua,  305 


Seventeenth-century  biography,  36 

Seventeenth  -  century  clergy  Christian  names' 
wanted,  149,  238 

Sex  :   brown  sex  ==  female  sex,  505 

Shakespeare  (WT.),  "  Mountjoy  et  St.  Dennis," 
a  battle-cry,  13  ;  "  page  "  in  his  epitaph,  163, 
422  ;  and  Peeping  Tom,  189,  238  ;  Quartos 
in  Switzerland  in  1857,  288,  353  ;  alexandrines 
in,  309,  417  ;  allusions  to,  344  ;  his  biography 
in  Tonson's  edition,  1708-9,  345  ;  in  Hungary r 
345  ;  chronological  editions,  348,  431  :  hi& 
Bible,  365,  430 

Shakesp  eariana!: — 

All's  Well  that  Ends  Well,  Act  I.  sc.  i., 
"  Virtue's  steely  bones  look  bleak,"  422 

2  Henry  IV.,  Act  I.  sc.  ii.,  "  And  if  a  man  is 
through  with  them,"  163  ;  Act  III.  sc.  ii.r 
"  Food  for  powder,"  525  ;  Act  IV.  sc.  i., 
"  And  bless'd,  and  graced,  and  did,"  164r 
422  ;  Love's  Labour's  Lost,  Act  I.  sc.  i.r 
"  And  when  1  was  wont  to  think  no  harm 
all  night,"  422 

Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  Act  II.  sc.  i.r 
"  An  heires,"  163  ;  Act  III.  sc.  i.,  "  Marry, 
sir,  the  pittieward,"  28,  77 

Romeo  and  Juliet,  Act.  I.  sc.  i.,  "  Draw  if 
you  be  men,"  423 

Tempest,  Act  IV.  sc.  i.,  "  Thy  banks  with 
pioned  and  twilled  brims,"  162 

Titus  Andronicus,   Act  V.   sc.   i.,    "  As   true 

a  dog  as  ever  fought  at  head,  "163 
Shakespearian  parallels,  246,  345 
Shark,  etymology  of  the  word,  384 
Sharpe   (Dr.    Reginald  R.)   on   denizen:    foreign, 

'  Shaving  Them,'  ed.  bv  Titus  A.  Brick,  c.  1872, 

27,  115 
Shaw  (G.  H.)  on  '  Walrus  and  Carpenter  '  parody, 

469 

Sheeny  =  Jew,  origin  of  the  term,  409,  476 
Shelley  (P.  B.)  and  B.  R.  Haydon,  53 
Shem,  Ham,  and  Japhet,  Russian  saying,  185 
Shenstone  (W.),  poet,  and  the  Rev.   R.   Graves, 

29 

Sherborne  (Lord)  on  goats  and  cows,  534 
Ship,  H.M.,  lost  c.  1850,  identification,  528 
Ship  Money,  John  Hampden's  refusal,  16 
Shoes  :   lucky  shoes,  origin  of  belief,  509 
Shorter    (Clement)    on   Edward   Bull,    publisher, 
87 

Hudson  (Major)  at  St.  Helena,  169 

Skelton  (Col.)  of  St.  Helena,  48 
Shorthand  teacher  in  A.D.  155,  285 
Shropshire  newspaper  printed  in  London,  26,  78 
Sidney  Castle,  its  locality  and  history,  308 
Sigma  Tan  on  Sir  Thomas  Browne,  509 
Signs,  London,  list  of,  323.     See  Tavern  Signs. 
Siligo,  14th-century  word,  its  meaning,  509 
Singing  at  work,  Carlyle  on,  309,  494 
Sinister  :  bar  "  sinister,"  early  example,  485 
Singleton  (Robert),  c.  1540,  his  execution,  146 
Sir  Isaac's  Walk,  Colchester,  origin  of  the  name, 

9,74 

'  Sir  John  Oldcastle  '  and  Poor  Law,  1598,  405 
Skean==short  sword  or  knife,  269 
Skeat  (Prof.  W.  W.)  on  authors  wanted,  213 

Beaver-leas,  311,  436 

Bibliography  of  his  writings,  Cl 

"  British  Glory  Revived,"  77 

Bullion,  6 

Chapel  le  Frith,  72 

Denizen  :    foreign,  111  ;.  .    . 


5TO 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


Skeat  (Prof.  W.  W.)  on  Fere,  304,  393 

Flax  Bourton,  12 

German  spelling,  372 

Heworth,  its  etymology,  75 

Ivanhoe :   Cedric,  326 

Ou,  the  diphthong,  24 

Pip,  a  spot  on  a  card,  465 

Puns  on  Payne,  454 

Saint's  cloak  and  sunbeam,  357 

Senpere  :     ?  bridgekeeper,  52 

Staple  in  place-names,  191 

Tennyson  :    oorali,  453 

Totem,  its  etymology,  166 

Unecungga  :    Ynetunga  :    Ga,  211,  332 

Vavasour  surname,  232,  376 

Women  carrying  their  husbands,  452 

Yorker,  at  cricket,  505 
Skelton  (Col.)  of  St.  Helena,  his  biography,  48. 

93,  135 

Skelton  (Constance)  on  Capt.  R.  J.  Gordon,  159 
Skrine  or  Skreene  (Mrs.),  c.  1765,  her  biography, 

389,  475 

Slang,  cricket :    "  googlie,"  38  ;  yorker,  505 
Slang,  South  African,  63,  138,  372 
Slavery  in  Scotland  in  18th  century,  230,  374 
Sleepless  arch,  explanation  of  the  term,  88,  135, 

177 

Sliding,  Jonson's  use  of  the  word,  174 
Slovene  hymn,  words  by  S.  Jenko,  106 
Smallpox  epitaph,  1758,  524 
Smith  (B.)  on  toe  and  finger  names,  217 
Smith  (Father  Bernard),  the  organ  builder,  and 

Upham,  189,  317,  395,  515 
Smith  (D.)  on  '  The  Noble  Boy,'  poem,  349 
Smith  (G.  C.  Moore)  on  Bes  Broughton,  286 

"  Fare  you  well,  my  own  Mary  Anne,"  316 

Hayman  (Robert),  poet,  270 

'  Heroin®,'  308 

Higgin  (Orator),  286 

Laud  (Archbishop)  :   lines  on  portrait,  327 

'  Little  booke  of  perfection  of  Woemen,'  308 

Smith  (Walter),  c.  1650,  327 
Smith  (Goldwin),  his  '  Reminiscences,'  167,  277, 

317 
Smith  (J.  de  Berniere)  on  Chyebassa,  497 

Smith  (Father),  the  organ  builder,  395 
Smith  (J.  R.),  his  portrait  of  Dr.  W.  Saunders, 

6,  58 
Smith  (Sydney),  on  Spencer  Perceval,  267,  316  ; 

and   "  Boreal  Bourdaloue,"   368,   473 
Smith  (Walter),  c.  1650,  poem  addressed  to,  327 
Smith  family  of  Parndon,  Hertfordshire,  427 
Smith's  Folly  at  Dover,  215 

.Smollett   (T.    G. ),    original   of   Hugh   Strap,    26  ; 

continuators  of  his  '  History  of  England,'  129, 

213,  256,  393  ;  original  of  Commodore  Trunnion 

in  *  Peregrine  Pickle,'  421 

Smouch=a  Jew,   origin  of  the  term,  225,   291, 

375,  457 

Snails  as  food,  125,  175,  218,  315,  353  "* 
Snell  (P.  S.)  on  Canons,  Middlesex,  437 

Chaucer's  '  Canterbury  Tales,'  26 

Cocker,  236 

Snow,  great  fall  in  1614,  508 
Snuff-box  inscription  :    "  Withe  Terep,"  48,  93 
Soissons   Cathedral,   green   vestments   at   Easter, 

127 

Sokol,  Bohemian  Union  for  Physical  Culture,  86 
Soldiers'  shouts,  birds  falling  dead  at,  309,  393 
Solomons  (Israel)  on  '  Duenna  and  Little  Isaac,'  8 

Joseph  (S.),  sculptor,  134 

Somerset    House  :      Robinson's    and    Chambers's 
designs,  25,  258 


Songs  and  Ballads: — 

Daniel  and  the  Pirate,  229 
Erlkdnigs  Tochter,  89,  237 
Fare  you  well,  my  own  Mary  Anne,  267,  316 
Je  crois  qu'il'y  a  un,  186 
John  Peel  of  Caldbeck,  229,  278,  335,  397 
Mistletoe  Bough,  chest  identified,  326 
Rights  of  Man,  404 
Six  Ages  de  la  femme,  469 
Star-Spangled  Banner,  84 
Thomas  perform'd  his  part  with  skill,  137 
Walrus  and  the  Carpenter,  parody,  469,  496 
Sorning,  Scotch  word,  its  meaning,  145,  215 
Sotheran  &  Co.,  in  Piccadilly,  244 
South  African  slang,  63,  138,  372 
South  Tawton,  Devon,  and  printers  of  Statutes, 

117 

"  Sovereign  "  of  Kinsale,  1750-51,  190,  255 
Sowing  by  hand,  216 
Sparke  (Archibald)  on  "  Bolton    ffaire    groates," 

467 
Sparrow-blasted,    origin    of    the    term,  267,  318, 

392 
Sparrowgrass  :   asparagus,  etymology  of  the  word, 

266 
Speaker's  Chair  of  the  Old  House  of  Commons, 

128,  177,  218,  331 
Speakers  of  the  House  of  Commons,  their  portraits, 

406 

Speckled,  etymology  of  the  word,  204 
Spectres,  Dalmatian  night,  66 
Speech,  new  forms  of,  505 
Spence  (Thomas),  his  '  Rights  of  Man,'  song,  1794, 

404     ' 

Spexhall  Church,  picture  of  ancient  tower  of,  8 
Spider's  web  and  fever,  a  superstition,  109,  194 
Spiller  (John),  sculptor  of  Charles  II.  statue,  372, 

454 

Spirit  and  wine  glasses,  English,  328,  378,  434 
Sprig,  14th-century  word,  its  meaning,  509 
Spur:  wearing  one  spur,   the  custom,   367,   471, 

534 

Stael  (Baron  de)  in  Scotland,  387,  517 
Stage,  Thackeray's  connexion  with,  428,  494 
Stained  glass,  old,  in  Essex  churches,  361,  462 
Stair  divorce,  1820,  the  co-respondent,  489 
Stamp  (T.  M.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 

388 
Standen  (Sir  Anthony  and  Anthony)  and  Armada 

preparations,  33 
Standerwick  ( J.  W. )  on  Hanover  Chapel,  Peckham, 

455 

Staple  in  place-names,  its  derivation,  128, 191,  252 
Stapleton    (A.)   on   inscriptions   in   churches   and 

churchyards,  537 

Nottingham   earthenware  tombstone,    14 
Nottingham  graveyard  inscriptions,  165,  244 
Nottingham  monastery  not  in  Dugdale,  468 
Staple  in  place-names,   128,  252 
'  Star-Spangled  Banner,'  earliest  publication,  84 
Stationmaster  at  Windsor,  c.  1878,  68,  114,  136 

253 
Statue  of  Charles  II.  in  Royal  Exchange,  322,  371, 

454 

Statues  in  the  British  Isles,  42,  242 
Stencil,  derivation  of  the  word,  302 
Stephenson  family,  187 
Stepney-Gulston  (Alan)  on  royal  arms  in  churches, 

428 

Sterne  family,  329 

Steuart  (A.  Francis)  on  Charles  Fraiser,  495 
Stevenage,  Herts,  flint  stone  memorials,    52 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28,  1911. 


INDEX. 


£71 


Stewards,  High,  and  Recorders  at  the  Restoration; 

488 

Stewart  (Alan)  on  George  I.  statues,  136 
Stewart-Brown  (R.)  on  Allerton,  Lanes,  and  Hard- 
man  family,  249 

Stilwell  (J.  Pakenham)  on  Folly,  158 
Somerset  House  designs,  258 
Thompson,  Royal  Academician,  69 
Wearing  one  spur,   471 

Stirling  (Mrs.  A.  M.  W.)  on  trial  in  1776,  148 
Stockdale    (Rev.    Percival),    editor   of    '  English 

Freeholder,'  108,  216 

Stocker  family  and  Florence  Nightingale,  165 
Stokes  (H.  P.)* on  Paris  family,  53 

Pauper's  badge,  487 
Stone    (J.    Harris)    on    English    altar    Virgin    in 

Santiago,  248,  517 

English  clocks  in  Pontevedra  Museum,  267 
Stone  capital    in    old  High   Tower,  Westminster, 

181 

Stone  in  Pentonville  Boad,  its  history,  87,  156 
Stone  in  place-names,  9,  96 
Stoneley  Priory,  its  arms,  59  . 
Stones  in  early  village  life,  9,  96 
Stones,  "  tracked,"  found  in  Ireland,  288 
Stopes  (C.  C.)  on  book-purchases  of  Charles  II.,  32 
Storrington,  in  Sussex,  origin  of  the  name,  150 
Strachan    (L.    R.    M.)   on   authors   of   quotations 

wanted,  178 

Clergy  retiring  from  the  dinner  table,  69 
Coleridge  on  firegrate  folk-lore,   17 
"  Fry  "  in  Dryden  and  Leigh  Hunt,  321 
Kipling  and  the  swastika,  292 
Street  (E.  E.)  on  Hampshire  Hog,  58 
Knights  of  Malta  in  Sussex,  457 
Turcopolerius,  336 
Street  cries,  London,  387 

Street  names  :    Hanging-Sword  Alley,  269,  337 
Strettell-Utterson  book-sale,  16,  94 
Strugr  (Thorbjorn),  descended  from   Harald   the 

Gold  Beard,  389,  458 

Strummel-patch'd,  Jonson's  use  of  the  word,  174 
Stuart  and  Pyke  families,  486 
Students'  song,  Belgian,  186 
Sturge    (Joseph)   on   Quaker    deputation    to   the 

Tzar,  387 

Suckling  (F.  H.)  on  High  Stewards  at  the  Restora- 
tion, 488 

Nelson's  birthplace,  91 
Sudan,  excavations  and  discoveries,  1908-9,  108 

235 

Sullivan  (WT.  G.)  on  thundering  dawn,  113 
Sumner  (Miss)  :    Mrs.  Skrine,  c.  1765,  389,  475 
Sunbeam,  saint's  cloak  hanging  on,  309,  357,  438 

515 

Superstitions,  investigation  of  criminal,  347 
Surmaster,  etymology  of  the  word,  426 
Surnames  :     Lum,   227,   375  ;     Payne,   409,   453 
Roosevelt,  78  ;    Rumbelow,    38  ;     Sweepstake 
86  ;     Twelvetree,    524  ;     Vavasour,    149,    232 
376  ;    Yetsweirt,  117 
Surr  (Watson)  on  Napoleon  and  Little  Red  Man 

511 

Sussex,  Knights  of  Malta  in,  409,  457 
Swale  (Mrs.),  1761-1845,  her  biography,  248 
Swastika,  Indian  symbol,  and  Kipling,  188,  239 

292,  338,  395 

Swedenborg  MS.  missing,  22 
Sweepstake  as  a  surname,  86 
Sweet  lavender,  old  London  cry,  144 
Swift  (Dean)  and   the    Irish  War,    1688-91,  269 

317 
Swift  family  and  Miss  Pendlebury,  47 


wift  family  of  Goodrich,  228 

witzerland,  Shakespeare  Quartos  in,   1857,  288, 

353 
Swynnerton    (C.)    on    G.    J.    Apps  :     '  Returning 

from  Church,'  329 
Sylviola  on  Francis  Thompson  the  poet,  295 

C1.  (D.  K.)  on  boys  in  petticoats  and  fairies,  137 
P.  (G.  M.)  on  Prinknash,  228 

Taylor  (Jeremy),  his  descendants,  209 
[".  (J.)  on  Dean  Swift,  269 
C1.  (J.  E.)  on  Lord  Howard  of  Effingham's  first 

wife,  310 

Nevill,  Lord  Latimer,  328 
T.  (L.  E.)  on  Herb-woman  to  the  King,  377 
T.  (M.  P.)  on  Shakespeariana,  422 
T.  (N.)  on  airman,  338 
T.  (N.  L.)  on  *  Julian's  Vision,'  189 
T.  (W.)  on  "  Goulands  "  in  Ben  Jonson,  429 

Virgil,  "  Narcissi  lacrymam,"  27 
T.  (Y.)  on  Cowes  family,  97 

Modern  names  from  Latinized  forms,  33 
Tailors,  itinerant,  obsolete  practices,  505 
Tammany  and  England  in  1789,  185,  237,  337 
Tapis:    '"'on  the  tapis,"  the  phrase,  289,  352 
Taunton,   Maids   of,   and   Monmouth's   rebellion, 

their  names,  408,  490 
Tavar£  (F.  L.)  on  regimental  colours  of  Manchester 

Volunteers,  73 
Tavenor-Perry  (J.)  on  Buddha  in  Christian  art,  147 
Kipling  and  the  swastika,  292 
Plantagenet  tombs  at  Fontevrault,  278 

Tavern  Signs: — 

Cock,  13 

Fortune  of  War,  18 

Fubbs  Yacht,  107,  171,  253 

Hole,  in  Fleet  Street,  229,  314,  392 

Keep  within  Compass,  505 
Taverns,  London,  13,  323 
Taxes  on  crests,  exemption  from,  410,  511 
Taylor  (Jeremy),  and  Petronius,  65 ;  his  descend- 
ants, 209,  258,  351,  471 
Taylor  (John),  his  '  Monsieur  Tonson,'  310,  356 
Taylor  (Tom),  dramatist,  his  representatives,  247 
Teart,  its  meaning,  11,  59 
Teest,  etymology  of  the  word,  187,  233 
Telephones  in  banks,  169,  258,  297 
Tempany  (T.  W.)  on  Carlin  Sunday,  315 
Temple  at  Jerusalem,  MS.  work,  1839,  109 
Tenderling  in  '  Babe  Christabel,' use  of  the  word, 

267,  312 
Tenducci    anecdotes    in    '  Morning    Post,'    1781, 

205, 387 
Tenedish,  use  and  derivation  of  the  word,  286, 

354,  493 
Tenement- ho  use,  differences  in  use  of  the  term, 

447,  494 
Tennyson     (Lord),     his     '  Margaret,'     94,     138  ; 

"  oorali  "  explained,  409,  453 
Tennysoniana,  341,  394 
Tent=tenth,  use  of  the  word,  47 
Ternant  (A.  de)  on  Garrick  in  France,  359 

Gibbon  and  Hibgame,  306 

Gibbon  on  the  classics,  188 

Writers  on  music,  87 

Tew  (E.  L.  H.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 
129 

Graham  (W.)  and  Jane  Clermont,  108 

Kennett  and  Howe  families,  229 

'  Mistletoe  Bough  '  chest,  326 

Montaigne  (Archbishop),  87 

Smith  (Father),  the  organ  builder,  189 


572 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28,  1911. 


Thacker  (Gilbert),  Westminster  scholar,  1677,  49 
Thackeray  (W.  M.)  at  the  British  Museum,   428, 

472  ;   and  the  stage,  428,  494 

*  Thais,'  by  Anatole  France,  source  of  the  story,107 
Thames  Water  Company,  1679,  29,  89,  138 
Theatres,  ladies'  hats  in,  386,  476,  518 
Thirion  (Mile.  A. )  on  Huguenot  church  at  Provins, 

8 

Thlaspi,  flower-name,  meaning  of  the  word,  11,  279 
Thomas  (Ralph)  on  W.  E.  Flaherty,  438 

Querard  (J.  M.),  410 
Thomason  (S.  H.)  on  H.  Marsden  of  WTennington 

Hall,  369 

Thomlinson  (W.  Clark)  on  Ulysses  and  Pulci,  515 
Thompson  (Francis),  and  Kipling,  113  ;  his  burial, 

208,  295 
Thomson  (H.),  Royal  Academician,  his  biography, 

69,  114 
Thorn-Drury  (G.)  on  Bes  Broughton,  333 

Hanging  alive  in  chains,  406 

'  Heroinae,'  355 

Shakespeare  allusions,  344 
Thorne  (J.  R.)  on  royal  arms  in  churches,  514 
Thornton  (H. )  and  William  Wilberforce,  526 
Thornton  (R.  H.)  on  American  words  and  phrases, 
67 

"  Leap     in     the     dark "     as     Parliamentary 
phrase,  86 

Matsell's  '  Vocabulum,'  528 

Speech,  new  forms  of,  505 

"  Vote  early  and  vote  often,"  66 

Watermarks  in  paper,  497 
Three  wishes,  variants  of  the  story,  506 
Thunderstorm  and  Irishman,  110 
Till  (E.  D.)  on  Napoleon  print,  390 
Tilleul,  used  as  name  of  a  colour,  47,  93,  132 
Toasts  and  sentiments,  collection  of,  32,  79 
Tobacco,  Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  use  of  it,  489 
Toes,  fanciful  names  of,  106,  217 
Toll :    "  Thorough  toll  "  at  Newcastle,  166 
Tombstone  dated  31  April,  524 
Tooting,   Methodist    Chapel,   founded    by   Defoe, 

505 

Tory>=  outlaw  femp.  James  II.,  269 
Totenlaterne,  stone  lantern  in  Detwang  Church, 

448 
Tottel  (R.),  his  'Miscellany'  and  G.  Turbervile, 

1,  103,  182,  264 

Touching  for  the  king's  evil  in  1643,  326 
Touchstone  on  '  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,'  III.  i., 

Tradesmen's  cards,  c.  1600  and  1700,  348 
Traherne    (Philip),    c.    1670,    preacher,    his    bio- 
graphy, 383 

Traherne  (T.),  poet,  his  rimes  to  "  joy,"  426 
Traherne  (T.),  d.  1710,  his  biography,  384 
Transcendant,  orthography  of  the  word,  305 
Trant  (Sir  John),  murdered  1702,  489 
Trant  (Sir  Patrick),  Bt.,  his  descendants,  310 
Trant  family,  489 
Treasure   buried   near  sites   of   monastic   houses, 

469,  515 
Trecothick    (Barlow),    Lord    Mayor    1770,    209, 

298,  335 
Tregelles    (J.    A.)    on   Amaneuus   as   a    Christian 

name,  152 

Trelawny  (Sir  William),  Bt.,  his  biography,  449 
Trial  in  1776,  peers  giving  tickets  for,  148 
'  Tribal  Hidage,'  proper  names  in,  143,  211 
Trout,  Trowte,  or  Troute  family,  450 
Truth-Seeker  on    Napoleon's      five-franc    pieces, 

448 
Tulkinghorn  (J.)  on  Disraeli's  Henrietta,  425 


Tullis    (Thomas),    common    hangman,     1752-71. 

325,  477 
Turbervile  (George),  c.   1567,  his  poems,   1,   103, 

182,  264 
Turcopolerius,  officer  of  the  Knights  Hospitallers, 

247,  336,  371 

Turkey  captives  :    brief  at  Wincanton,  1670,  30 
Turner  (F.)  on  siligo  :   sprig'  :   beckab,  509 
Twain  (Mark)  as  a  public  reader,  78 
Twelvetree  (Anne),  d.  1771,  her  epitaph,  524 
Twigge  (R.)  on  Adrian  IV.'s  ring  and  Emerald 

Isle,  396 

Tydeman  (Brice)  on  Wolney  Hall,  Mickfield,  49 
Tygris,  London  subterranean  river,  209 

U.S.A.=Usona,   author    of  the   title,    148,    197, 

254 
Udal   (J.  S.)  on  elephant  and  castle  in  heraldry, 

231 

Fair  Rosamond  :   sampler  work,  303 
Guildhall :   old  statues,  252 
Pitfield  (Rev.  Sebastian),  his  ghost,  367 
Ulcombe  Church,  its  history,  169 
Ulysses    and    Homer,    allegorical    interpretation, 

407,  515 
Ulysses,  and  Pulci,  Italian  poet,  407,  514  ;    "  the 

Scapin  of  epic  poetry,"  447 
Unbored,  Jonson's  use  of  the  word,  174 
Unecungga,  early  English  place-name,   143,  211, 

272,  332,  473 

Union  Jack,  days  appointed  for  its  hoisting,  5 
University    degrees    and    ladies,    247,    358,    395, 

436,  498 

Unthank  (R.  A.  H.)  on  Barn  or  Barm  in  place- 
names,  53 
Upham  and  Bernard  Smith,  organ  builder,  189, 

317,395,515 
Upper  Cheyne  Row,  Chelsea,  history  of  deserted 

house,  48 
Usona  =  U.S.A.,    author    of   the    title,    148,    197, 

254 
Utilitarian,    abstract    term    used     before     1834, 

405 

V.    (J.)    on   A.    W.    W  ray's    poem  '  Interpreted/ 

427 
V.  (Q.)  on  bar  "  sinister,"  485 

Corbie-steps  :    corbel-steps,  426 
Hall's  '  Chronicle,'  Henry  IV.,  368 
Portable  railway,  6 
Van  Doren   (C.)  on*  T.   L.   Peacock's   'Monks  of 

St.  Mark,'  349  ;  scarce  editions  of  Peacock,  508r 
Vatch  or  Vache,  place-name,  its  origin,  308,  355 
Vavasour  surname,  its  derivation,  149,  232,  376 
Venice,  its  patron  saint,  54 
Venn  (J.)  on  Thomas  Blundell,  365 
Verger  v.  sacristan,  explanation  of  the  terms,  130, 

274,  314 
Vernon    (Dorothy),    article    on    her    elopement, 

448, 497 

Veronese    (Paul),    '  Rape    of    Proserpine  '    attri- 
buted to,  11 
Verral  (Charles),  1778-1843,  medical  practitioner, 

445 

Verral  and  Verrall  families  of  Sussex,  445 
Verse,  leading  law  cases  in,  348 
'  Vertumnus,'  play  acted  before  James  I.,  147,  196 
Verulamium,  Spenser  and  Dray  ton  on,  125 
Verus  on  arms  of  women,  175 

Carracci's  picture  of  St.  Gregory,  269 
Vestments,  green,  at  Easter  at  Soissons  Cathedral, 

127 
Vestris  family,  126 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28,  1911. 


INDEX. 


573 


Victoria  (Queen)  and  George  Peabody's  funeral, 

247,  310 

Vines  and  fig  tree  in  Lincoln's  Inn,  367,  453 
Virgil,  '  Georg.'  iv.   122  :   "  Narcissi  lacrymain," 

its  meaning,  27,  277 

Virgin  (Blessed),  figure  of,  in  Santiago,  248,  517 
Volunteers,  Manchester,  their  regimental  colours, 

73 
"  Vote  early  and  vote  often,"  banner  inscription, 

66 

W.    (A.    T.)   on    '  Little   booke   of   perfection    of 

Woemen,'  355 
W.  (E.)  on  "  Collins  "  =  letter  of  thanks,  196 

Hill  (Rev.  Rowland),  his  letters,  373 
W.  (G.)  on  clergy  retiring  from  dinner  table,  70 
W.  (G.  H.)  on  Bristow  Cowsway  :    Brixton  Road, 
448 

Handyman  =  sailor,  113 

W.  (G.  S.)  on  Dante,  Ruskin,  and  a  font,  469 
W.  (J.)  in  Hone's  '  Year-Book,'  230,  335 
W.  (S.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  488 

'  Walrus  and  the  Carpenter  '  parody,  496 
W.  (W.  H.),  N.,  on   All   Souls    College,    Oxford, 

355 

Wade  (Capt.)  and  Gainsborough,  226 
Wadham,  Warden  of,  and  matrimony,  144 
Wainewright  (J.  B.)  on   "All  right,  McCarthy," 
358 

Alleyn  (Sir  John),  88,  257 

'  Annals  of  England,'  289 

Atkyns  (Sir  Robert),  K.B.,  475 

Basle  (Prince  Bishop  of),  118 

Elizabethan  licence  to  eat  flesh,  115 

Giblett  (William),  346 

"  Holy  Crows,"  Lisbon,  116 

Knights  of  Malta  in  Sussex,  457 

Palmer  (Sir  Thomas),  446 

"  Roma  Aurea,"  318 

Singleton  (Robert),  146 

Turcopolerius,  336 

Wainewright  or  Wainwright,  exhibitor  at  the 

Academy,  369 
Wainewright    or    Wainwright,    exhibitor    at    the 

Academy,  c.  1850,  369 
Wainewright  (Thomas  Griffiths),  marriage  of  his 

parents,  406 
Wainwright  (T.)  on  Maids  of  Taunton,  491 

Municipal  records  printed,  531 
Wales  (Princes  of),  list  of,  21,  70 
Wales  (Frederic,  Prince  of),  his  death,  1751,  368, 

434 

Walker  (A.  O.)  on  Ulcombe  Church,  169 
Walker  (Emery)  on  portraits  wanted,  307 
Walker  (R.  Johnson)  on  Andronicus  Lascaris,  7 
Wall-papers,  their  introduction,  12 
Waller  :   Myra  :   Godfrey,  446 
Waller  (A.  R.)  on  wearing  one  spur,  534 
Waller  and  Warren  families,  69 
1  Walrus  and  the  Carpenter,'  parody  on,  469,  496 
Walters  (A.  W.)  on  "  Rights  of  Man,"  404 
Walters  (R.)  on  '  Oliver  Twist  '  on  the  stage,  191 
Wapentake,  Friendless,  in  Craven,  89 
Ward  (H.  G.)  on  corpse  bleeding,  498 

Knights  of  the  Swan,  471 

Ladies  and  University  degrees,  498 
Ward  (H.  Snowden)  on  market  day,  97 

Rule  of  the  road,  254 
Ward  (J.)  on  book-covers  :    "  Yellow-backs,"  415 

Exhibition  of  1851  :   its  motto,  493 

Scaltheen,  an  Irish  drink,  476 

Snails  as  food,  218 

Taylor  (Jeremy),  his  descendants,  351 


Warmestry  (Gervase),  Westminster  scholar,  1601- 

1641,  109 

Warren  and  Waller  families,  69 
Wasps,  their  scarcity  in  1910,  285,  352,  393 
Watch    (Will),    the    smuggler,  his    identity,    269, 

353 

Water  House,  its  position,  29,  89,  138 
'  Waterloo  Banquet,'  print,  key  to,  53 
Watermarks  in  paper,  327,  371,  395,  458,  497 
Water-shoes  for  walking  on  the  water,  485 
Watson  family  at  Milnhorn  and  Blacklaw,  527 
Watson  (G.)  on  Sir  Walter  Scott  and  a  "  Kelso 

convoy,"  425 

Stael  (Baron  de)  in  Scotland,  387 
Wordsworths  and  Scott :   Hornshole,  461 
Watson  (W.  G.  Willis)  on  anonymous  works,  189 
Watts    (Isaac),    his    collateral    descendants,    168, 

255,  351 

Weale  (James),  Irish  book-collector,  169,  291 
Webb  (H.  S.  Beresford)  on  "  Est,  Est,  Est,"  413 
Weekley  (Prof.  E.)  on  pips  on  cards  and  dice,  514 
Shark,  its  derivation,  384 
Stencil,  its  derivation,  302 

Welby  (Col.  A.)  on  battle  in  Lincolnshire,  1655,  468 
Welford  (R.)  on  provincial  booksellers,  52 
Wellington  (Duke  of),  and  Bliicher  at  Waterloo, 

227,  370,  418,  453  ;   on  the  loss  of  India,  286 
Wells  (C.)  on  Bath  and  Henrietta  Maria,  197 
Bristol  booksellers  and  printers,  23 
Brooke    (John),  fifteenth-century  barrister, 

156 

Hakluyt  and  Bristol,  84 
King  (John),  artist,  235 
Municipal  records  printed,  531 
Statues  in  the  British  Isles,  243 
Welter  (H.)  on  Gutenberg's  42-line  Bible,  307 
Wesley  (F.  D.)  on  dog  poems,  349 

English  wine  and  spirit  glasses,  379 
Hone's  '  Table  Book,'  T.  Q.  M.  in,  230 
Hone's  '  Year-Book,'  J.  W.  in,  230 
Peel  (John),  229 

Wesley  (John),  his  marriage  with  Mrs.  Vazel,  226 
Wesley  (Samuel),  his  compositions,  349,  436 
West  Indian  folk-lore,  225,  352 
West  Meon,  Hants,  roadside  cross,  525 
Westland  (J.  M.)  on  Watson  familv  at  Milnhorn, 

527 
Westminster,   stone   capital  in  old   High  Tower, 

181 

Westminster  Abbey,  mosaic  work  in,  468 
Westminster   Cathedral,    consecration    ceremony, 

49,  110 

Westminster  chimes,  Anglo-Saxon  hymn  tune,  509 
Weston    Mouth,    South    Devon,    Hermit's    Cave 

in,  369 

Weston-under- Lizard,  wooden  effigies  at,  268,  356 
Wetenhall  (Edward),  Bishop  of  Kilmore,  88,  372, 

434 
Wharton  (Duke  of)  and  All  Souls  College,  Oxford, 

309,  355 
Whately  (Archbishop)  on  the  Lord  Lieutenancy 

of  Ireland,  288,  353 

Wheeler  (Stephen)  on '  Arno  Miscellany,'  1784, 293 
Whif-ky  and  oatcake  as  Eucharistic  elements,  188, 

237,  278,  356,  396,  456 
White  (F.  C.)  on  eminent  librarians,  489 
Macaulay  queries,  288 
'  Political  Adventures  of  Lord  Beaconsfield,' 

317 

Whately  (Archbishop),  353 
White  (G.  H.)  on  Alexander  III.  and  Henry  II., 

396 
Ansgar,  Master  of  the  Horse,  133 


574 


INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.  28, 1911. 


White  (G.  H.)  on  Denny  and  Windsor  families, 

153 

D'Eresby  or  De  Eresby  ?    214 
Guichard  d' Angle,  472 
Irish  superstition  :     boys    in   petticoats,  65, 

293 

Plantagenet  tombs  at  Fontevrault,  332 
White  (Lydia),  bluestocking,  her  biography,  508 
White  (T.)  on  Limerick  glove  in  a  walnut  shell, 

297 

*  Political  Adventures  of  Lord  Beaconsfield,' 
«   317 
Whitehead  (Benjamin)  on  John  Brooke,  69,  394 

Ladies  and  University  degrees,  436 
Whitwell  (R.  J.),  on  leading  cases  in  verse,  348 
WThom,  used  as  subject,  446,  538 
Whytebeer  or  whyteheer,  c.  152.9,  228,  318,  378, 

511 

Wilberforce  (William)  and  Thornton,  1792,  526 
W7ilds  (Jonathan),  c.  1730,  346 
W7ilke  (Dr.  A.  von)  on  Leonard  Drory,  507 
Wilkes  (John),  MSS.  concerning,  27,  114  ;    and  a 

stone  in  Newgate,  269 

Wilkinson  (J.  P.),  comedian,  his  career,  468,  516 
Willcock  (J.)  on  wearing  one  spur,  367 

Whyteheer  or  whytebeer,  378 
Willcock  (S.)  on  snuff-box  inscription,  48 
William  the  Conqueror,  Christmas  at  Gloucester, 

501 

William  IV.,  royal  manners  temp.,  117 
Wilmslow,  W.  E.  Gladstone  at,  224,  311 
Wilson  (Bernard  or  Barnard),  1689-1772,  West- 
minster scholar,  109 
Wilson    (J.   Mackay)    on   authors   of   quotations 

wanted,  267 

WTilson  (Sir  John),  1780-1856,  his  parentage,  88 
Wimborne,   St.   Agatha  at,   20,   112  ;    a   double 

monastery,   49 

W7incanton,  brief  for  Turkey  captives  at,  30 
Winchester  quart,  bottle  used  by  druggists,  405, 

495 

Windsor  and  Denny  families,  153,  274 
Windsor   stationmaster,    c.    1878,  his   name,   68, 

114,  136,  253 

W7ine  and  spirit  glasses,  English,  328,  378,  434 
Winship  (T.  W.)  on  morganatic  .marriages,  107 
Witchcraft  in  the  twentieth  century,  46 
Withington  (Lothrop)  on  Saint-Evremond,  195 
Woe  Waters  of  Langton,  origin  of  the  name,  36 
W7olfe  (General  J.),  his  death,  37  ;  on  Yankees, 

186,  238 

Wolney  Hall,  Mickfield,  sold  1347,  49 
Wolves,  woman  throwing  her  children   to,  228, 
318 


Women,  married,  their  arms,    109,   175 
Women  carrying  their  husbands  on  their  backs, 

409,  452, 518 
Woodville  (Elizabeth)  and  the  Kings  of  Cologne. 

449 

Woodwose  =  English  faun,  388,  471 
Woodyer,  meaning  of  the  word,  529 
Worcester,  St.  Michael's  Church,  its  mural 

tablets,  266 

Words  and  phrases,  American,  67,  132,  193 
Wordsworth  (D.),  with  Scott  in  Scotland,  461 
Wordsworth    (W.),    variant    readings    of    sonnet 

by,  222,  294,  416,   476  ;    his   '  Cuckoo-Clock,' 

324  ;    with  Scott  in  Scotland,  461 
Worth  in  place-names,  its  meaning,  13 
Worthen  (John),  Westminster  scholar,  1681,  88 
Wotton  (Sir  Henry)  on  ambassadors,  425 
Wray  (A.  .W.),   his   poem   'Interpreted,'  c.  1892, 

Wren    (A.)   on    allusions    in    American    authors, 
373 

Wright  (A.  T.)  on  Jeremiah  Rich's  works,  248 

Wright    (Dr.    Francis),    d.    1655,    his    biography, 
329 

Wright  (Michael),  painter,  1660-1700,  his  signa- 
ture, 228,  314 

Wright  (Robert),  his  '  Life  of  General  Wolfe,'  27 

Wright  (T.  H.)  on  Lovell  family,  329 
Wright  (Dr.  Francis),  329 

Wright   (W.   Ball)   on   Sir   John   Ivory :     Tench 
family,  234 

Writing,  scheme  of  abbreviations  in,  429 

X.  (S.)  on  Monk  family,  528 
Xylographer  on  Edw.  Hatton,  9 

Y.  on  Sir  Sauder  Duncombe,  87 
Royal  Household,  469 
Secretaries  to  the  Lords  Lieutenant  of  Ireland , 

234 

Yankees,  General  Wolfe  on,  1758,  186,  238 
Yellow-backs,  books  so  called,  189,  237,  274,  295, 

373,  414,  458 

Ygrec  on  boys  in  petticoats  and  fairies,  137 
Ynetunga,   early   English   place-name,    143,   211, 

272,  332,  473 

Yon,  its  Italian  equivalents,  133 
Yonge  (Sir  George),  1731-1812,  his  portrait,  307 
York,  Archbishops  of,  their  arms,  426 
Yorker,  cricket  term,  its  derivation,  505 
Young  (A.  B.)  on  Circle  of  Loda,  8 

Peacock    (T.    L.)  :      Essay    on    Fashionable 

Literature,  4  ;    plays,  27 
*  Young  Folks,'  history  of  the  periodical,  450,  511 


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