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I
of tbe
Ittntpcretti? of Mtaconeln
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A CATALOGUE
i
OF THE i
I
I
SPARTA MUSEUM
BY
M. N. TOD, M.A.
ASSItTAMT D»aCXOR OF TBS BKITISB ICBOOL AT ATHSMa
FBLLOW OF ORIBL COLLIGly OXFORD .
AND
A. J. B. WAGE, M.A.
S T UOBW T OF TBI BRITIAB KBOOL AT ATBSHS
FILLOW OF PEMBROKE COLLIGB, CABBRXDOB
OXFORD
AT THE CLARENDON PRESS
1906
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HENRY PROWDS, UJL
w vmmnm . to tbb umvekutt of ozfokd
LONDON, XDINBURGH
NKW YORK AND TORONTO
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371184
MAY 20 1931
PREFACE
Some apology may be thought necessary for the publication
of a catalogue of the Sparta Museum after the work of Dressel
and Milchhoefer, which appeared in the second volume of the
Athenische Mitteilungeny and was afterwards issued separately.
In 187a Stamatakes, the Ephor General of Antiquities, founded
a new Museum to replace the collection brought t<^;ether by
Ross in 1854 and shortly afterwards destroyed by fire. Five
years later Dressel and Milchhoefer published their account of
the ' Kunstwerke ' from Sparta and its neighbouiiiood. During
the thirty years which have since elapsed, the Museum has been
successively reorganized and enlarged by Dr. Kastriotes and
Dr. PhiHos in 1900 and 1902 : since then a considerable number
of acquisitions have been made, so that at present the manuscript
catalc^e of the Museum contains over 800 entries, while Dressel
and Milchhoefer, although including monuments from all parts
of Laconia and in many different collections, of which some had
disappeared and several were no longer in Laconia nor even
in Greece, only describe about 300 items. It is true that some
of the more important new discoveries have been published in
scattered articles in various periodicals; but a laiige number
of most interesting monuments still remain unpublished and
unknown. Under these circumstances it has seemed to us that
there is some call for a catal<^[ue of the monuments at present
in the Sparta Museum, which should not merely describe the
objects individually but also attempt by means of introductions
to classify and interpret them. Only thus could we hope that
our work would be at the same time a handbook for the
archaeologist and a guide for the dilettante.
It will be readily understood that our catalogue is based on
the previous labours of Dressel and Milchhoefer^ of Kastriotes
and of Philios : we are under special obligations to the latter's
unpublished manuscript catalogue, which at present serves as
the Museum inventory, and embodies the results of his prede-
cessors' work. At the same time, though takii^ into consideration
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iv PREFACE
all the published opinions of various scholars, we have attempted
as far as possible to arrive in each case at an independent judge-
ment. Each of the authors, however, must be held responsible
for that section of the catalc^^e only to which his name is
appended. We regret that for various reasons we have been
prevented from close collaboration, and this has rendered unavoid-
able some lack of uniformity in minor points* The introductions
to the sections are not intended to be exhaustive, but rather
to indicate broadly the significance of the various classes of
monuments, dealing at lei^^ only with those which are of
special interest The purpose of our catalogue as explained
above has necessitated the utmost brevity, compatible with
accuracy in our descriptions and discussions.
We have finally the pleasant task of acknowledging much
kind assistance, which has materially lightened our work. To
Professor Gregorakes, Curator of antiquities at Sparta, our
heartiest thanks are due for his unfailing courtesy and the ready
help he has afforded us. To Mr. R. C. Bosanquet we are deeply
indebted : it was he who originally suggested the making of the
catalogue, and he has throughout helped us by his criticism and
encouragement. We owe much, also, to the late Provost of
Oriel, Dr. D. B. Monro, who was at all times ready to aid
us in various questions concerning publication. Our hearty
thanks are also due to the Oxford University Press for under-
taking the publication of this catalogue, and to the British School
at Athens for supporting and making a grant in aid of the same,
as the firstfruits of its archaeolc^cal survey of Laconia. We
greatly regret that we have unfortunately been obliged to
exclude Professor Furtwangler's promised appendix on the
Amyclaeum, the manuscript of which was not in our hands at
the time of passing the proofs for press.
M. N. T.
A. J. B. W.
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NOTE ON INSCRIPTIONS
In the text of the inscriptions the usual conventions have been
followed :
I Marks the end of a line.
Denotes an uncertain number of missing letters.
.... Denotes a known number of missing letters, equal to .
that of the points.
[ ] In square brackets are enclosed letters conjecturally
restored.
( ) In round brackets are enclosed (i) letters which^ though
not wholly lost* are defective ; (a) letters needed to
complete a word abbreviated in the original ; (3) the
repetition of a name as patronymic : this is denoted
in the inscriptions by the signs < K 3 &c. ; e.g.
0IAOKAHZ< is written ^tkoKKijs (^iXoxX^ovs).
The text here given rests in every case upon my own reading,
but I have called attention in the notes to all important variations
between my text and that of previous editors.
I have had to study economy of space as far as possible.
Hence in the case of inscriptions published in CoUitz-Bechtel ^
no references are given to previous publications, except where
these have been accidentally overlooked in that work. Where
texts have been published in Le Bas-Foucart but not in Collitz-
Bcchtel, only the former is cited, together with subsequent
publications. In all other cases the list of references will,
I hope, be found complete.
To the kindness of Freiherr F. Hiller von Gaertringen and
Professor U. von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff I am indebted for
help in connexion with No. 524. I regret that Meister's
interesting article on the Spartan and perioec dialects {Barer und
AcAder.X p. 7 foil.) came into my hands too late for me to make
use of it.
M. N. T.
> Stmmbtng der griechischin Dtakkt'Insehr^tm. The loBcriptions from JUconia
and Messenia are edited by K« Meister (iii. Band, a. HiUfte, i. Heft, Gottingen, 1898).
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VI
SCULPTURE AND MISCELLANEOUS
ANTIQUITIES
In cataloguing the Sculpture and the Miscellaneous Antiquities
the following principles have been observed as r^fards references
to previous publications. The chief references g^ven by Dressel
and Milchhoefer or in Friedrichs-Wolters have been repeated,
and all later ones added. For the more important and better
known monument^ I have given references only to the standard
histories of Greek Sculpture: otherwise I have tried to make
the list of references as complete as possible. The architectural
fragments are not discussed in detail for obvious reasons. Some
of the sculptures in private possession mentioned by Dressel and
Milchhoefer are now in the Museum, and have been identified
accordingly ; others are still in private possession or have gone
elsewhere. Of the fragments excavated by Waldstein and Meader
on the Acropolis in 1893, ^^^ published in the American Journal
of Archaeology (1893, p. 422 seqq.), I have identified all but
b^ i,j\ k, /, m^ and n.
I have personally examined nearly all the sculptures of
Laconian provenance in other museums. Those that are important
are discussed in their proper places in the introduction, and many
are illustrated together with other sculptures not of Laconian
provenance, but of use in illustrating Spartan sculpture.
The illustrations have been drawn either from the previous
publications or from my own photographs by Mr. F. Anderson.
I have to thank Professor Furtwangler for photographs of 27
and 588, Dr. Watzinger for one of Berlin No. 732, and
Dr. Riezler for one of the Munich leaden figurines. For much
kind assistance in the catalogues or their introductions I am
deeply indebted to Professors Furtwangler, E. A. Gardner,
P. Gardner, Ridgeway, and Waldstein, Miss Harrison, Dr. Sieve-
king, Dr. Thiersch, and Mr. J. L. Myres. To M. Papapolychroniou,
Head Master of the school at Dhimitzana, my heartiest thanks
are due for permission to photograph the Spartan sculptures in
the library there.
I am also deeply grateful to Dr. Cecil Smith who voluntarily
undertook to supervise the preparation of the illustrations.
A. J. B. W.
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CONTENTS
PAGE
PREFACE ui
NOTE ON INSCRIPTIONS v
SCULPTURE AND MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES vi
PART I: INSCRIPTIONS. M. N. TOD:
(i) Introduction i
(a) Catalogub 3a
(3) Indices, Ac 87
PART n: SCULPTURE. A. J. B. WACE:
(i) Introduction 98
(a) Catalogus 13a
(3) Indxx, &c ai3
PART in: MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES. A. J. B.
WACE:
(x) Introduction aai
(a) Catalogux . . . ^ a3i
(3) Index 347
LIST OF CASTS AND PHOTOGRAPHS . . . . a48
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PART I
INSCRIPTIONS
ABBREVIATIONS
R., r. s right L., L » left, line.
Cauer - P. Caner, Delectus Inscri^tUnum Graecarum propter ditUectum memorahUmm,
Collitz-Bechtd » H. Collits mid F. Bechtel, Sammhtng der griechiscken DuUekt-
InschHften*
David wm £. David, Diaiecti Laconicae pumumenUt epigraphua,
Dittenberger •• G. Dittenberger, Syllcge Inscriptienum Gruecarum,
Dreasel-Milcfahoefer «■ H. Dressel nnd A. Milchhoefer, Die antiken Kumiwerhe aus
Sparta und Umgebung {Ath. Mitt, ii 393 ff.).
Hicks and HUl - £. L. Hicks and G. F. Hill, A Matmal ef Greek Historical
Inscriptums.
I.G^A, » H. Roehl, Inscr^tiomes Graecae Antiguissimae,
Kaibel - G. Kaibel, Epigrammata Graeca ex lapidiAus eenlecta.
Le Bas-Foncart « Ph. Le Bas, Voyage archiologique en Grke: Explication des
Inscriptions par P. Foncart
Michel s C. Michel, Recueil d^ Inscriptions greeques.
Dimensions are given in metres.
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INTRODUCTION
I. PREVIOUS PUBLICATIONS
§ 1. Before attempting a classification of the inscriptions contained
in the following catalogue, we may briefly refer to some of the more
important publications dealing with Spartan epigraphy.
The first volume of BoecUi's Corpus InscrtpHanum Crraecamm, pub-
lished in 1828, contained all the inscriptions from Laconia known up to
that date : of these 230 had been discovered at Sparta or in the neigh-
bourhood Some few of them had been seen by Cyriac of Ancona^
Muratori, DodweU, Ac, but the large majority rests solely on the
copies of Fourmont, made in 1729 and 1730. A number of Fourmont's
inscriptions had previously been published, especially by Osann, but
Boeckh re-edited the whole series from copies made expressly by Imm.
Bekker from Fourmont's papers. There are also twenty-three others,
most of them attributed to Amyclae, which Boeckh published among the
InscripHones FourmimH Spuriae. Not the least valuable part of Boeckh' s
work is his introductory chapter dealing with the Spartan lists of magis-
trates : though in some pardculars it must be modified and supplemented
in the light of subsequent evidence, yet it remains a masterpiece of clear
and cogent reasoning.
A number of new Spartan inscriptions were published by Leake ^ and
Ross', but far more numerous and important were those copied by
Le Bas during his visit in 1843. These were edited in 1869 by
P. Foucart, who added to them the inscriptions published by other
scholars in the intervening years and a number of texts copied by
himself in 1868. In all, 104 inscriptions from the Upper Eurotas plain
occur in this collection. The commentary which accompanies them
is invaluable to the student of Spartan epigraphy, mariced as it is by
extraordinary keenness of insight, command of material, and lucidity of
expression.
The year 1877 saw considerable additions made to the number of
published Spartan inscriptions, thanks to the work of Dressel and Milch-
hoefer ' and of Martha \ The quarter of a century which has since
elapsed has witnessed a deepening rather than a widening of our know-
ledge, although some important texts were discovered by Tsountas^
during his excavation at the Amyclaeum in 1891. The archaic inscrip*
tions have been separately published by Roehl' and by Roberts^, while
^ Travels in tJU Mona^ 3 vols., London, 1830. The inscriptions are collected at
the end of voL 3.
' Inscriptiofus Grascae Ineditae, Hemc. I, Nanplia, 1834.
' Die antiken Kunstwerke am Sparta und Umgtbungy Ath, Mitt, ii. p. 393 foIL
' BulL Corr, Hell, i p. 378 foil. ' 'E^. 'kpx^ 189a, p. I foU.
' LG,A. Nos. 49-91 ; Imag. Inser„ Gr. Antiq? p. 25 foil.
* ItUrotbiction t0 Greek Epigraphy ^ \% 100, loi, p. a48folL
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2 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
the Laconian alphabet has also been discussed by Kirchhoff^ The
question of the dialect has been made the subject of a special study by
Mailensiefen ^ while the dialect inscriptions have been published by him,
and more recently by Meister '.
11. ARCHAIC INSCRIPTIONS
§ 2. Although hardly justifiable from the point of view of a logical
classification according to subject, it is a usual practice, and one which
has some obvious advantages, to place archaic inscriptions in a group
by themselves. In the present work we shall allow the word ' archsuc '
its widest possible range, and include all inscriptions prior to the
introduction of the Ionic alphabet into Laconia, though of course
excluding the archaizing inscriptions which belong to the period of the
Antonines \
The number of archaic inscriptions in the Spartan collection is eight
(Nos. 200, 886, 887, 440, 447, 699, 6U, 626)'. Of these No. 200
remains an unsolved riddle, in which only the words al nt Sis xioc or
bttrictoi (1. 2) are distinguishable, and even they cannot claim to be re-
garded as certam. Nos. 699 and 626 are so fragmentary as to render
impossible not only any restoration but even any certain conjecture as to
their nature. Na 611 has usually been regarded as a metrical epitaph,
and has been conjecturally restored by Roehl ' on that supposition : but
even this, owing to the mutilated condition of the stone, must be regarded
as not proven, and Kirchhoff ^ has argued that it is more probably a votive
than a sepulchral inscription. Some confirmation of this view may
perhaps be found in the fact that the two metrical inscriptions of this
period which have come down to us intact ' are both dedicatory. The
earlier one (No. 447), consisting of an elegiac distich, is inscribed on
a relief of the Dioscuri dedicated by Plestiadas ' dreading the wrath of
the twin sons of Tyndareos.' The other, the famous Damonon inscrip-
tion (No. 440), after an introductory hexameter couplet in which
Damonon dedicates the stele to 'A^ra lloKtaxog to commemorate a career
of victory which has eclipsed all his contemporaries, contains a list in
prose of the victories won by Damonon in various contests: this is
followed by an enumeration, unfortunately almost entirely lost, of the
successes gained by a woman, whose relation to Damonon is seemingly
not stated. Finally we have the epitaphs of two soldiers who fell in
battle (Nos. 886, 887), which will best be discussed in connexion with
the whole series to which they belong *.
§ 3. The writing of these inscriptions is of interest as affording us
examples of the old Laconian alphabet ^^, which belonged to the ' Western
^ StudUn ftur Gisckukte dss griech, A/pka&eis*, p. 149 foil.
' Ds tUuiorum Lacomcorum dialictc (fiitsert, philoL Argt$Uor^ t. pp. i3i-36o)»
Strassbarg, 188 a.
* CoUitz and Bechtel, Sammltmg der gr, Dialekt'Inschriften, iiL Band, a. Hiilfte,
z. Heft, Gottingen, 1898. Caner's collection {Defectus tMstr. graec, propUr diaUct.
mtmcrab}, Leipdg, 1883) is less complete than MiUliensiefen's or Meisters.
' i.e. Nos. 218-221.
* To these shonld perhaps be added No. 627 : see $ 43.
* LG.A, 6a. ' SiiM9mgsber, der BtrL Akad. 1887, ^ 989 foil.
* KirchhofTs restoratioD of No. 447 may be r^^arded as certain.
* See $ 3a, below.
^ For a full discussion see Roberts, TntroductioH to Grmk Epigraphy^ i. 348 foil.,
and Kirchhoff, Studun Mur GesckUkU dts grUch. AlpiMiij\ p. 149 folU
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS 3
group ' of alphabets and is very closely allied to that of Phocis and
Thessaly. None of them is purely retrograde S but three (Nos. 200,
599, 625) are written housiraphedon, i.e. the lines read alternately from
left to right and from right to left *. As regards the letters employed,
there is no material variation in the forms of ADII<AMOTi^(3=X)*
The letters B (No. 200), T (No. 611), X (= ^ (No. 440), (No. 611),
and 2 (No. 200) ', occur once only : & has the form ® (Nos. 440, 611)
or ® (Na 626), p appears in one inscription as P (No. 611), v in one, as
K (No. 200), ir as P (No. 447) : the sign C twice appears in a retrograde
line (Nos. 200, 599: also in I.G.A. 54, 1. 5), seemingly as a mark of
punctuation. E represents both # and 17, except in No. 887 where B is
used for n as well as for the sptritus asper; with this excepdon B
invariably represents the spirthss asper. O stands for o and ». The
greatest variation is found in the forms of c, v, and r. We find :
(i) ^ (Nos. 200, 599), J^ (No. 447), p (No. 611), E (Nos. 886,
887,440,625):
(2) H (Nos. 200, 599, 611), t^ (No. 447), N (Nos. 886, 625),
N (Nos. 887, 440):
(3) i (Nos. 200, 447, 599, 611), Z (Nos. 886, 440>
The development of the later from the earlier forms gives us a ground
for arranging the inscriptions in chronological order.' No. 200 bears
every mark of being the earliest of the series. This is followed by
Nos. 599, 447, and 611, the characters of which are very similar ; the
c of No. 611 shows a more advanced form than tihat of the two others,
and hence we may perhaps place them in the order indicated. No. 625
shows stiU more developed forms of # and y, and is probably later than
the inscriptions mentioned, in spite of its being boustrophedon, Nos. 886,
400, and 887 complete the series, the latter showing the first traces
of Ionic influence in the use of B as 17. That influence is seen still
more strongly at work in No. 877, where H appears as the symbol of i;
and of the sptritus asper, and A is employed to represent ».
§ 4. An accurate dating of these inscriptions is of course impossible.
Yet there are some Laconian inscriptions of the fifth century which can
be dated with a probability amounting almost to certainty, and by com-
parison with them a tolerably correct idea may be gained of the time to
which our Spartan examples belong. Thus, the celebrated list of the
states represented on the Greek side in the battle of Plataea (479 b.c.)
inscribed on the bronze serpent^pillar now in the Hippodrome at
^ With the poffiible exception of No. 627 (§ 43). The retrograde Laconian inscrip-
tions are coUected by Roberts, op. cit. 248 foU., Nos. 343-247. No. 248 is really
retrograde throaghoat, though an attempt has been made by the lapidary to write
boustfX>pkedon.
' Besides those referred to in the text I know no other Laconian bomtropheebm
inscriptions.
' This letter occurs in Sicyonian inscriptions (Roberts, op. dt Nos. 94, 95) with
the Talne c, while in the Pamphylian alphabet (ibid. p. 316) it stands for f . ft is also
found in an inscription from Olympia (Dittenberger-Purgold, Du Inschriftm vm
Olympia^ No. 14), where it probably represents ^, according to a conjecture of
Meister.
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4 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Constantinople*; the tombstone of Enalkes*, who fell in the battle
of Mantinea (4x8 b.c.); and the Delian marble' on which is inscribed
a Spartan decree passed soon after the battle of Aegospotami (405 b.c),
can be assigned with confidence to the years 479 or 478 b.c., 418 or
417 B.c. and 403-398 B.c. respectively. With the data thus given we
may perhaps assign No. 200 to about the middle of the sixth century,
Nos. 599, 447, and 611 to the close of that century, and No. 625 to the
earlier years of the fifth. Then follows a long period unrepresented by
any inscription, for No. 886 is very similar in character to the Eualkes
inscription just referred to, and must therefore be attributed to the second
half of the Peloponnesian War. No. 440 was probably inscribed about
400 B.c.^ and No. 887 in one of the earliest years of the fourth
century.
m. DECREES: LETTERS FROM FOREIGN STATES
§ 5. There are few facts which strike the student of Spartan inscrip-
tions more forcibly than the almost entire absence of a class of
documents which in most states occupies a large and important place,
— decrees, whether of the state itself or of the smaller corporations,
public or private, comprised within it Only one Spartan decree from
Laconia is extant (No. 217 b)', though we have probably the closing
words of a second, restoring to the island of Delos the control of its
temples and temple-treasures soon after the battle of Aegospotami
(CoUitz-Bechtel 44x5). No 217 b records the grant of the irpofmfa to
a certain Damion, an Ambraciote, for services rendered in his native
dty to Spartan citizens. He and his descendants are likewise granted
exemption from public burdens (arcXcca) and the right of owning land or
house, but this latter privilege is restricted to those who actually reside in
Sparta (c2 oIkoUp cX Aaxtdaifiov*). That such decrees were comparatively
rare seems a legitimate conclusion from the fact that only this one
example has survived : this conclusion is borne out by a certain clumsi-
ness in the wording and arrangement of the clauses, which would argue
unfamiliarity with such documents. We shall see below' that the
Spartan state employed another means of doing honour to its prominent
citizens than by passing formal decrees lauding their deserts.
A second decree in the Museum (No. 217 a) contains a grant of
npoiana made by the Council and Commonwealth (d fimikh naX t6 xou^y)
^ Collitz-Bechtel 4406 ; Hicks and Hill, Gruk Historical Inscriptiom^ No. 19 ;
Dittenbeiiger, SyUm\ 7 ; Michel, RuueUy 11 18.
* Colliu-Bediter4539 ; Roberts, IntroductioHy 265.
' CoUitz-Bechtel 44x5; Hicks and HUl, No. 83; Dittenbeiger, SyUogt*^ 60;
Michel 180.
* That the inscription cannot be assigned to a mnch earlier date is proved by (i)
the relatively advanced forms of the letters employed, especially of N and S, and by
(a) the fact that it contains the record of a woman's victories ; for Pansanias explicitly
says that Kyniska, daughter of King Archidamns II (reigned 469-427 B.C.) itp&rfi\ re /ir-
woTp6ffia€ yvnutcw ml i4iniy dyc(\cro 'OXvftffurt^r, and in the basis of Kyniska at Olympia
the Ionic alphabet is used. On the other hand, the date cannot be much later than
400 B. c, for there are as yet no traces of Ionic inflnenoe.
' Fragments, however, of other Spartan decrees were copied by Fourmont (C.I.G.
I33i» »333?) "d Benthylns {C,I,G. 133a). From these must be distinguished the
decree of the roiv^ rw AoK^^fmiaaf found at Taenamm by Pouqueville {CJ.G. 1335)-
See also /.(?. iv. 940.
•See §9.
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS 5
of the Acamanians to three Spartans and their descendants ; of the rights
which accompany this grant three (o^^ffiXtia, mrvXui, yat ml oUiat tfyicrffait)
are expressly mentioned, but the rest are grouped tc^ether in the phrase
' all the other honours and privileges accruing to the cKihtr proxefun and •
benefactors of the Commonwealth of the Acamanians.' As no provision
is made in the decree itself for the deposit of a copy in Sparta, we must .
suppose that the three men therein honoured had this copy inscribed at
their own expense and erected in some public place in their own city.
Though neither this decree nor the one discussed above can be dated
with certainty, there is reason to believe that they both belong to the
period between 320 and 180 b.c.
§ 6. We possess, further, two fragments (Nos. 241 and 262+408)
of letters addressed to the ' ephors and city of the Lacedaemonians ' :
unfortunately these are both so mutilated that it is not possible to give
any probable conjecture as to the nature of the communications, and the
name of the state by which it was sent is entirely lost in one case and
in the other rests upon an uncertain restoration. A portion of a third
similar document is extant {BuU. Corr. HelL i. 384, No. 1 1), but in an
even more fragmentary conctition than the other two. All three inscrip-
tions, being addressed to the ephors as the highest officials of the Spartan
state, are probably' prior to aa6 b.c, for about that time the ephorate
was temporarily crushed by Cleomenes III, and though it came into exist-
ence again, it never took its place at the head of the Spartan magistracy.
To judge from the forms of the letters used. No. 241 is somewhat earlier
than No. 262, but neither can be dated before the middle of the third
century b.c.
§ 7. Decrees of smaller corporations within the state are represented by
that of the «0(k rw 'a/avkXomW (No. 441), dating from the first or second
century b.c., by which the ephors of the corporation *, three in number,
are praised, and receive the grant for life of a special portion on the
occasion of the sacrifice (nrl tw frpocrrpoiro*) as a reward for the dis-.
interested and mild discharge of their duties. After regulations regarding
the cost of the inscription, and the place at which it was to be set up, the
decree closes with a clause, seemingly added as an amendment, praising
the ephors' secretary. As in the case of the Spartan decree ' the place
chosen for the display of the monument was the most famous and revered
sanctuary of the dty, the temple of Athena Chalkioikos, so here it is
enacted that the stele be set up in the sanctuary of Alexandra, or
Cassandra, which, as Pausanias^ tells us, was the principal sight of
Amyclae.
No. 446 is probably similar in character to No. 44L Although the
greater part of the inscription is illegible, yet the words v^ and dcd<$xAu
vcana rh rar dj3a« are distinguishable, as well as the name of a certain
'Apumrikffg, which recurs twice or three times.
§ 8. In No. 782 we seem to have a firagment of an Imperial rescript
^ But the fonnvla AaK^^kutunriw l^6poi$ mi ytpowrl^ mt l^fuqt ocean in a letter of
abont 150 B.C. (Joaephns, ArckaeoL xiii. 166).
' TboM most be distinguished from the state ephors. The Spartan goild of
avfffihrwt had also an official with this title (No. 208). Several EOentheroIaconian
cities also are known to have had ephors, e. g, Geronthxae (CoUits-Bechtel 4530,
453s), Gythion (ibid. 4566, 4567, 4568), Taenarom {CJ.G, 1321, 133a), Cotyrta
(Collit^-Bechtel 4544), Epidanms Limeia (ibid. 4543), Oetylns (CJ.G. 1333)-
■ See above, § 5. * iii 19. 6, r^ t
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6 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Its mutilated condition renders any attempt at restoration futile, and all
we can say is that it regulates in some way the buying and letting of
landed property (col. 1, 11. 3, 4), and at the same time extends or defines
the right of appeal in cases of dispute (col. II).
No. 224 is a document whose nature cannot in its present fragmentary
condition be determined ; since, however, it would seem to deal with the
recovery of state debts, it is in all probability either a decree or a publica-
tion of some magistrate (? the xf^oipv\a() or board of magistrates, and as
such it may fittingly be included in this class of inscriptions.
IV. HONORARY INSCRIPTIONS
§ 9. It has been remarked above * that the Spartans did not as a rule
follow the custom prevalent in other Greek states of passing laudatory
decrees in honour of those who were prominent in the political or religious
life of the community. In earlier times, no doubt, the consciousness of
public services rendered to the best of his ability was sufficient reward for
a Spartan, whose whole education was framed to inculcate the idea of the
subserviency of the individual to the common weal : at any rate, it was
enough for him to have his merit prized by his fellow citizens without any
external display. But at a later period the craving for personal recognition
arose, and die response to it took the form of commemoration by means
of portrait statues. Such statues were often set up by the state, but since
the drain on the public exchequer must have been severely felt, the actual
expense was, during the Imperial period, in nearly all cases defrayed by
one or more of the relatives or friends of the person honoured. Their
names were included in the inscription on the base of the statue, which
in consequence usually followed the skeleton formula 'H n6ki£ {sc. avt^xt)
rov dfiMi . . . wpoc^^ofUvov rd avdkttfta rov dtipos . . .
Six such inscriptions, whole or fragmentary, are in the Spartan Museum
(Nos. 246, 281, 886, 466, 621, 691), a remarkably small number when
we consider the fact Uiat in the CJ,G, alone we have some fifty examples
of this class from Sparta and the immediate neighbourhood : of these,
only one (No. 246) is now in the Museum. Of the six inscriptions in
question two (Nos. 886, 621) are so fragmentary as to be practically
useless. No. 246 commemorates a certain Sextus Pompeius Spatalus,
patronomus and permanent gymnasiarch, for the magnificence of his
public life and the zeal and foresight displayed during his second tenure
of the office of gymnasiarch, which he undertook of his own accord
The cost of the statue is deftayed by his wife Aurelia Xeno. No. 281
praises one Lucius Volussenus Arist ^, a descendant of Heracles and
Perseus, on the general ground of * merit and good will towards the state.'
No. 466 is inscribed on the base of a statue of a woman, Aurelia Oppia,
who bears the honorary tides of i<nia irSkws and via niyi^Xdvrcca : in this
case it is a brother-in-law who pays for the statue. The remaining
inscription (No. 601) is in honour of Tiberius Claudius Pratolaus, who
had held the office of 6yopap6fM09 and had been entrusted with the special
duty of the conservation of highways : the cost of the statue is borne
jointly by his two children, Tiberius Claudius Aelius Pratolaus and
Claudia Damostheneia, of whom we shall have something to say below*.
* See § 5. Mil.
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS 7
§ 10. So familiar had the formula become that even the words ii flnSXcf
were sometimes omitted, and the inscription began with the accusative
of the person honoured. Thus in Na 262 we find simply 'Eirfyovor
^tktHrrptinv fittftotriapf ofdptUa htitsv wpoa9t(apt9^p ktK,, and no doubt
N08. 2M and 644 are analogous, though in both these cases the latter
part of the inscription is lost In No. 248 we have merely the name of
the man whose portrait head crowned the shaft on which the inscription
is engraved, while in No. 644 we have not only the name, Sextus £uda-
mus, but a long list of the priesthoods and other sacred offices which
he had held, most of them vested in the family of which he was a member,
which claimed to be descended from Heracles and the Dioscuri. It is
interesting to notice that the men commemorated in these last two herm-
inacriptions were members of the same family, possibly even brothers.
We have, further, two cases in which the expense of the statue has
been borne by the city which resolved upon its erection. In one case
(Na 648) that city is Sparta, and the person honoured is the same
Tiberius Claudius Pratolaus to whom reference has already been made.
The second case (No. 268) is one in which the city of Smyrna honours ^
a tragedian, Gains lulius lulianus, who had won a contest at Sparta at
the games called Ovp6ma. It is recorded that he had gained 358 other
victories, and had been granted the rights of citizen ' in all Greece and
Macedonia and Thessaly *.'
{ IL Statues, however, could be erected by private individuals as well
as by the state. A common base (No. 898) served for those of a priest,
Diares, and EubaUces, an Olympian victor, who had, according to a pro-
bable conjecture of Roehl, taken the part of irra4nfXodp6iMav at the festival
of Cameian Apoilo. A second (No. 207) bears the name of an ayopaUitot^
Socrates, who is distinguished by the mention not only of his Other's
name, but also by that of his brother-in-law: possibly it was the latter
who defrayed the expense of the statue. We have, finally, two inscriptions
(N06. 86, 448) which differ from all the rest in formula, and bear a very
dose resembkunce to each other: the former runs KXav. Bpaaidea^ r^
wmpa^ the latter KX. tMiutfMmuof rifif BvyoTtpa. This likeness extends
even to the forms of the letters used, and the arrangement of the words
on the bases of Che statues, both of which are extant, though headless.
We have had occasion to notke two inscriptions (Nos. 648, 601) com-
memorating Tiberius Claudius Pratolaus, son of Brasidas : one of these
(Na 691) mentions his daughter^ Claudia Damostheneia, as sharing with
her brother the expense of the statue. This enables us to conjecture
with a considerable degree of probability that the two statues (Nos. 86,
448) were erected by this same Tiberius Claudius Pratolaus, the one in
^ It is doaStfnl whether a ftatoe was elected to Inllaniis: probably this Ublet alone
was set op to oommemorate his saooess.
' It was the custom dniiog the Imperial period, for states to confer dtixenship and
often also the title of fimiXwHis on noted aitisu or athletes. See CJ,G. aSii b (of
an athlete of Aphiodisias) iirrv tk «a2 woK^rrft w6K-m rwv ^w^rfrtfaimkpt^* mprfor
ioffw^ 'ArriQX^Mr Ksucafimi^ Ko^«rMr* Mat ^ovXcvri^ ^paim mu ^owXcvn^ 'A«oX-
XtiMar[iir] AmAm OMcfir, m2 fivtkwtift UMiK^oionf, UHf^tfowrUtif, KAovSMwoXfinfir :
ibid. saoS UMpya^t^ mat :if»ftmtot KoJt 'AA|raior mat 'E^inof : ibid. 3426 Kv/ioibf Mat
*A0tgi^mbt Mat ^tknhKftbt Mat T69i9t mat dAA«r voXXfiv w6kw^ woktirrft «U fiavkmrr^ :
ibid. 4334 'FcSumekdnpf Mat M»pia [Mat] «a4n7Xff<Tip, ^^]o[«\«vri^ yfw^Uww, Mok hf
Ts[tf mrd Amefldv «^c<r« w[dffaa rnvkunveyt/upim, Foncait quotes Le Bat- Wadding,
too, Inu. itAsU Mimatn^ 165a b, and ♦iAi^«^ L 339.
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8 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
honour of his father Brasidas, the other in honour of his daughter Claudia
Damostheneia. The similarity of formula is thus explained, and also
that of the writing, for the same artist would probably be employed
in both cases.
We may mention here two cases in which the person commemorated
is already dead : one (No. 251) is that of a certain Acvxr/midcv, whose
statue is erected by his daughter, the other (Na 589) that of a son who
is represented on a relief set up by his father. In both cases the dead
is described by the term 4p»t \ and the monument, in the latter if not in
the former, seems to have served as a tombstone.
§ 12. As regards the date of the class of inscriptions tmder discussion,
the main point to notice is that, with at most three exceptions, they all
belong to the Imperial period, the greater number being referable to the
second century of our era. No. 808 is very considerably older, and
probably goes back to the fourth century b.c., while Nos. 251, 252 are
doubtful, but probably belong to the earlier years of the Empire or the
time immediately preceding.
V. CATALOGUES OF MAGISTRATES, Ac.
§ 13. What is at once the most numerous and the most characteristic
class of inscriptions in the Spartan Museum comprises the catalogues
of names, whether of magistrates or of private corporations, together
with the closely related documents setting forth the cursus honorum of
single individusds. Some of these may go back to the second century b-c,
but the large majority belongs to the first century before and the first
and second century after our era. They thus shed a valuable light
upon Spartan constitutional history at a time when little is to be gathered
from our literaiy sources, and enable us to form a more accurate picture
than would otherwise be possible of the actual working of the state
during the Imperial period.
To begin with the highest magistrates, we possess in No. 777 a list,
happily complete, of the irarpoi^fMM of one year : the date is uncertain,
but must fall somewhere within the first century b.c or the last few
years of the preceding century. Pausanias tells us that Cleomenes III
rh Kpdrog r^r ytpowrlas Kordkviras irarpoif6fAOvt rf X<Syy itaritmiatp dorr avrwr
(ii. 9. i): the patronomi are also mentioned by Plutarch*, and Philo-
^ For the herolsatioii of the dead see Keil, Anal, tpigr, et onom. p. 39 folL ;
Wanner, De kerimm apud Graecas culiu, Kiel, 1S83 ; Fartwangler, La ColUctum
Sabcurojf^ i. p. ao foU. The word ff^ow is found bat seldom in Laconian epitaphs
(Le Bas-Foncart 184, 199, 203 e, 233, 254, and the two instances in ^ Spartan
Musemn), nor is it conunon in Attica, bnt in Boeotia it became the almost nniyersal
custom to insert it (/.(?. viL Index p. 760), and it is also found in Hermione (/.(?•
It. 735), Cenchrea (7.(7. iv. 207), Mytilene (7.(7. xii. faac a, a86, aSp, 291, a9a,
367, &c), Carpathos (7.(7. zii. fiuK:. i, 986,jo87, bnt these axe both the graves of
fozdgneis), Thera (ib. zii. 3, 863 folL), &c. Even children of four and five years old
become heroes (JJS, zii. fasa i. 987 ; iiL 1460). In an nnpnblished epitaph in the
Candia Mnsenm we have the lines irc^fictf* 5/uw rpcTt votScr 5/m£fMrct ff^cr ^yr^ (1. i)
and ZirfiuMi hf/UMfioit yrftr^fu$a Ijpt^tf 6yitol (1. il).
* An sent respublica gtrmda sii^ § 24, p. 795 f, rpimw nml mkrrti tA rrfKLMovroi
(sf, o2 wp«ff06r*poi) rd^a^ iipx'^vi' 4 rir«r waTpa»6fugif 4 muBayorf&i^ ix**'^^ '^^«
This passage is dted t^ Boeckh {CJ.G. i. p. 605, col. II) and Ltddell and Scott, as
a reference to the Spartan magistrates in question. To me the whole sense of the
passage and the fitct that neiuer dpxui^ nor wmb€iywy6s is the name of a Spftitan
magutrate seem to make it dear that the wonl warpoif6/»ot is not here used in its
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS 9
ttratas', but these tbree passages exhaust the Uteraxy evidence. Foito*
nately the inscriptions come to our aid. The nnmber of patronomi
is fixed by No. 777> from which we see that they formed a college of
twelve^ six of whom were patronomi in a stricter sense of the word, whik
the other six wexe called arvpapxo^^ Several explanations have been sug-
gested ' with regard to the difference involved, none of them satisfactory,
and it seems best to suppose that while all twelve magistrates held the
same office and perhaps had the same duties, six of them occupied
a position of higher honour than the rest, just as at Athens the six
tbesmothetae, though an integral part of the college of the Nine Archons,
ranked below their three colleagues, the /SacriXm, the crwwfioc and the
mktitapxos. That we have only one college in No. 777 is clear both
from the use in other instances of the word anipapxoi^ and also from the
fact that they have one secretary and one servant in common. The
secretary is assisted by three clerks, a fact whidi shows that the amount
of business transacted by the patronomi must have been considerable,
and points to the conclusion ihsLt we have in them the supreme magis-
trates of the Spartan state. This is fully in accord with the words
quoted above from Pausanias, and with another fact which we have now
to mention. The senior patronomus was during the period subsequent
to Cleomenes' reforms the eponymous magistrate of the whole Spartan
state. This is in direct contradiction to Pausanias (iii. ii. a), who,
speaking of his own time, says'^fe^cpot d^ rd rt iXXa duHKovai tA amv^
liakurra S^ia^ jboI mpcxomu row ^^mt/aWy uM ^ mi *Afftiwalois rmv KokwiUpmp
mta ifrmwvft6g iam tJs fyx^p. Boeckh, however, showed conclusively'
that Pausanias had transferred to his own day the &cts of the previous
epoch, and the further material whidi has since accumulated has but
afforded fresh evidence for Boeckh's contention. We have lists of ephors
dated by an eponymous magistrate who is not of their number*: we
have the phrase cirl irarpom^ rod dciiw constantly used to signify dates ^
and we actually find in some cases the same year referred to indifferently
as M Tov dtans or M waTpoif6funf rov dccyot *• FiuaUy we may note that
tcchnicul sense, bqt as a quite cenend term corresponding to the nse of warporofwvfioi
hj Plato {Zi^ 680 £) and Pintarch {D$o io)*< to be ruled by a paternal eovem-
ment.* Cf. the nse of varpmwfda in Lndan, AtifwaHi^ws kyM^iuimf § i >• *n<i ofvar/NH
wc/HK^ in Plato, Z^^ 937 E.
' Apoihn, Tyan. iy. 3a yvtartudafxoi t§ Mai i^opot md var^Mr^/coc vrfrrit.
* Compare CJ,G, 1556 ol aw^px""^^ ^ wQTpoiH>/Mias wpoatdi^awro rd MXm/ia,
"We can hardly donbt, however, that here all the eleyen coUeagnes of X cnar c h idaa are
referred to.
' Le Bag (J?Ar. ArekioL 1844, p. 639) proposes to see in the civapx^i either Tice-
patronomi (MpUants) or assessors {adjoints), or six magistrates entrusted with the
reform of the laws like the Athenian tfc^fiotfcnu. Foncart (Le Bas-Foncart, note to
168) snggests that the patronomate may have been held for six months only, and that
while the marpwipM. are those actually in office, the civapxoi may be those who were
to hold the magistracy during the second half of the year. But he admits that there
is no eiidenoe for the existence of such a system at Sparta.
* See Foncarfs note quoted above. Nos. 214, 816, CLG, 1377, ftc.
» C./.(?.i.p.6o5folL
* Eight cases wiU be found in Boeckh's Tabuia Ephororum {CJ.G. i. p. 608) :
two of these are from No, 204.
* e.g., six times in No. a04 col. II, S18, 219, 220, 221, ftc
* e.g., compare No. 788 with No. 204 col. I, L 13 ; 204 coL II, L al with CJ.G.
1349. 1. ai ; 204 col. II, L 26 with CLG. 1243, 1. 8 ; 204 col. II, 1. 39 with 204
coL 1, 1- 6; 204 coL II, 1. 31 with 204 col. X 1« 7> No. 627, CJ.G. 1243, 1. 11 ;
CJ,G. 1356 col. n, L 14 with CJ.G, 1359, L 4.
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a man was re-eligible to the patronomate : the most striking case is that
of Publius Memmius Pratolaus son of Damares, who held the office four
times {CJ.G, 1341). But except in the case of a person of especial
note re-election was probably far from common.
§ 14. The catalogues of li^poi^ are more numerous, but several of
them are very fragmentary. In No. 464 we have simply the letters
£«OP and the first three letters either of the head {trpia^g) of the college
or of the eponymous patronomus. No. 242 gives the names of three
ephors in office during the year of M , No. 718 furnishes the
beginning of a similar list for the year of lulius Lysicrates» and No. 216
that for the year of Lycurgus. Fortunately we have two complete lists
as well as these mutilated ones : these enumerate the ephors in the year
of Gains lulius Eudamus and Cassius Aristoteles respectively, and are
both contained in No. 204, an inscription to which we shall have occasion
to return '. From these it appears that the number of ephors was five,
one of whom was head of the college and assumed the title npia^g
€il)6p»w. To this magistracy also a man might be elected more than
once (cf. C.LG. 1258 col. II). It is a well-kaown fact that one of the
chief aims of Cleomenes Ill's policy was to crush the power of the
ephorate, which threatened to reduce the kingship to a mere form.
The attempt succeeded, and the supremacy of the ephors was for ever
broken. But the abolition of the office did not prove a permanent
change. The office was revived, we do not know when, and the five
ephors once more took their place as high, though not the highest,
magistrates. Their existence during the Imperial period is attested
not only by the evidence of numerous inscriptions, but by Pausanias
(iii. II. 3) who mentions the office {apx*u») of the ephors as situated
on the market-place.
In many cases* a list of ephors is followed immediately by that of
the vofuxIniKiucts in office during the same year. This fact renders it very
probable that we have catalogues of ephors in the earlier part of Nos.
225, 411, and 672, though the headings have disappeared. In No. 411
we have fragments of three names, in No. 672 of four, in No. 226 of five.
Since, then, the number of ephors was five, we shaU expect to find this
list preceded by the usual ?^^poi M rod dccvo^, and so we may probably
restore the three fragmentary letters of 1. i 9 i Kjr oiM .
§ 15. In discussing the 90fu>4>vXaiUa we are met with greater difficulties.
The inscriptions in the Museum furnish us with four hsts, of which that
in No. 226 is too fragmentary to be of use. No. 672 contains a list
of five names, and the same number occurs also in the complete list
contained in No. 204. This agrees with the conclusion reached by
Boeckh^ and maintained by Foucart'. But the former is right in point-
ing out the difficulty of reducing the number in every case to five, and
this is illustrated by No. 411, where the list of wofAtKpvkaxwt contains only
four names. This may be due to the omission of one name by the
stone-cutter, though such a supposition is unlikely : or the name of one
' In addition to those mentioned in this paragraph, the most important lists of
ephors are those in CJ.G, 1237 (1338), 1243, 1344, 1245, 1247, 13^, 1253. For
ephors other than those of the Spartan state see p. 5, note 3.
■ See §1 15, 19, 33.
' C.AG. 1337, 1 2381 ^Hh i345> <H7» Aec. ; No. 204 coL I.
* C.LG. L p. 608 foil ■ Le Baa-Foncait, note to i^g.
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS II
of the magistrates, e. g. of the ypaiifiaro^ivKaiy may for some reason have
been purposely omitted. In any case, the balance of evidence is strongly
in &vour of the existence of a college of nofio^vXcuerff consisting normally
of five members: sometimes^ one of these held the title ypafifWTo<l>vka$f
sometimes' this official was distinct from the five pofunp6\aKxf, though he
may have formed a member of their body for some purposes.
As regards the duties of these magistrates the inscriptions give us no
information, but it is most probable that in Sparta, as elsewhere ^ the
voiaotpvkoKitf were intended to be a check upon too rapid legislation and
a safeguard against the subversion of the established order by uncon-
stitutional measures. Such at least seems to have been their theoretical
rmson ifillre\ though in practice they appear rather as exercising police
and even financial functions'. As in the case of the other magisterial
colleges, the head of the yofio^vXomr was called irpcojSvr vofno^vXaiutw
(Nos. 304, 218, 411).
§ 16. One firaigmentary inscription (Na 627) gives the beginning of
a list of fiidfou The name of these magistrates occurs in the inscriptions
as /3(dcoi' or fiihvoi'' indifferendy, but Uiere is no epigraphical evidence
for the spelling fiidtaloi found in Pausanias*. Etymologically the word
is closely connected with l^un, i e. fthvUi {fM^, videre\ and the initial
fi represents an original f , as often in the Laconian dialect *. The form
^•dvioi occurs in an inscription fixim south-western Messenia (LH,S» xxv.
p. 50). The college numbered five members according to rausanias^*,
but the inscriptions show that in reality there were six ^^ Their office
lay in the Agora close to the Athena Temple ^*. With regard to their
functions our sole information is that of Pausanias, who says that they
had the oversight of various contests of the ephehi'^,
§ 17. Four inscriptions (Nos. 210, 211, 212, 612) give us catalogues
of yvpoM^ff, L e. members of the Spartan ytpowrUu Of these two (Nos.
211, 212) are too fragmentary to aid us much, but the other two are
» CJ.G. 1304, 1347 (?), 1251 (?). « CJ.G. 1239 (1340), 1342, 1249.
* Vcfto^fiktuttt oocnr also at Athens (Gilbert, Grg^ C^hsM, Antifuities, pp. 155,
160), Ceos? (Ditt Sjll.* 93a), Coxcyia U,G, iz. i. 694, L 104), Demetrias (Aihem.
Miiieii, XT. p. 296), the matvim rww JAayHfrwif (ibid. vL p. 304, Bdlage I, rii. 71 foil..
339), Abdeim {BuU, Corr, HeU, iy. p. 5a), Tomi {Arch,-epigr, MitthHl aus Oesterr.-
Ungam, Ti. p. 19, No. 39, six. p. 222, No. 89), Chenooesns (J3uU. Carr, Hell ix.
369), Chalcedon {CJ,G. 3794), Mytilene (f.G, zil. 2. 484, 1. 7), Philadelphia
{C./,G. 3410, L 9), Laodicea ad Lycum {CJ.G. 3937)> Mylasa (Atiin. AiitteiL xv.
p. 268). Vve may compare the $€fffiof6kaKH at Ells (Thnc. y. 47) and the ro/ioScumu
at Andania (Collitz-Bechtel 4689, L 11^).
«Fnm k9uneowc¥irrts rdr /il¥ vocovrra tA r6/iifM Ivcurov^iv, Ar H rir wa/A ro^ y6f»ovf
v^Sf C^/ttovffi. Cioero, de legidtis, iii. 20 | 46 ' Graed hoc dUigeniius, apud attas
vpfio^kait€f creaSan/uTf nee it solum Htteras, ted etiam facta hominum odserveioani
eidUgesque rovoeabant.^ See Bull. Corr. Hell. iy. 59, &c.
" Cf. Plato, Uges a. 754 D iblL, xii. 961 A : Aristotle, /VZ. 1287a 21 ; 1322 b 39.
* e.g., Nos. a04, col. II, 400, ColUts-Bechtel 4469, CJ.G. 1242, 1255, 1256, Ace
* e.g., Nos. a02, 208; C.I.G* 1254, 1270, 1271.
* iii. XI. 2 ; 12. 4.
* MiOlensiefeii, De tit. Lacou. dtalecto, p. 47 [177] folL
" CJ.G. 1 27 1, 136^. They were elected aimiially, but were eligible more than
once {C./.G. 1268, 1209).
" Pans. iii. 12. 4 Tov M Tifir fitJUaUtw ^c^ov v^pov karh 'Ahgiw Up^.
1* iiL XI. 3 roiV fiiduUois rodr M r^ DAorarmf mAmt^i^ mt SXkovf rdr h^<i0«m
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12 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
documents of importance for the history of the Spartan constitution.
Before the fall of die monarchy the Council of the Elders consisted of
twenty-eight members, chosen by acclamation and holding the office
for life^. To them were added the kings and, at a later time, the
ephors. Cleomenes III besides abolishing the ephorate reduced the
power of this Council : t6 Kparog Ttjf ytpova-Uu Konikwraf waTpop6iiavg Tf
Xij>Y Kariarqfnv opt outAw (Pausan. ii. 9. i). But, though weakened, the
ytpowria continued to exist through the Imperial period, and Pausanias
mentions among the notable buildings in the Spartan Agora rrjf ytpovaias
fiavKwrrfptw (iii. II. a). In No. 210 we have a complete list of the
members dating from the reign of Hadrian : they consist of a irpc(r/9w,
twenty-two ordinary members, a secretary (possibly two)* and a cook.
In No. 612 we possess an earlier list, belonging probably to the first
century b.c. and containing twenty-tlu-ee names. Two facts become
at once clear, that the ytpowns were elected annually, and that they were
eligible for re-election : in Na 210, for instance, the wpiafivs is serving on
the Council for the fifth time, a second member has been elected four
times, seven (perhaps eight) are in their third term of office and six
in their second. The number of members of the college is a more
difficult question. Foucart' thought that the traditional number thirty
was maintained, and to arrive at this he included the ypoftiucrm and
added the six patronomi. But to this there are two objections : (i) the
stone seems to mention two secretaries* and not one only as in Foucart's
text, and (2) No. 612, an inscription discovered subsequently to Foucart's
publication, gives only twenty-three names in a list of yipotfns. I would
suggest, with all due reserve, that the college consisted of twenty-three
members, to whom were added the twelve patronomi, thus bringing the
total to thirty-five, as in the latter part of the period of the monarchy,
when to the twenty-eight members were added the two kings and five
ephors.
A further problem is suggested by the occurrence in several inscrip-
tions of the title ypafifiorm /3evX$c^ and the mention of the Povkq in a
number of other passages \ Boeckh ^ draws a sharp distinction between
this and the ytpowria^ while Foucart' on the other hand regards the two
as identical, or else would make the fiovkii consist of the ytpovnt with the
addition of the colleges of magistrates (ovvopx^)* T^ either case he
would see in the secretary of the ytpaviria and the secretary of the /SovXiy
one and the same person either under two different titles or acting in two
different capacities.
§ 18. Of dyopa96iiioi we have two lists. One of these (No. 214) is
incomplete, but contains a list of four ovk^m of an dyoptnf6iu» who held
office probably in the first century b. c. To the same period belongs
' For the manner in which the yifontrts were elected lee Pint. Lye, a6 : Aristotle
{JP»L ii. 9. 37) characterizes it as vrnZapii^, For the life-long tenure of the office
see Arist /V/. ii. 9. 25 ; Pint Lye, 96 ; Polyb. vi. 45. 5,
' The existence of two secretaries is not certain. The name of the M^ytpos maj be
that which is lost at the bq^inning of 1. a6, in which case *ETO^^rof wonld be
a servant or other inferior official. The position of this last name on the stone (see
Le Bas-Foncart, No. 173 a) b very nnnsnaL
' Le Bes-Foncart, note to 1 73 a. * See, however, note 2.
' The yp, i9ovX$f is mentioned in Na S04, coL I, CXG. 1246, 12$$, 1359, 1345.
• No. 781 (?); CJ,G. 1341, 1345, I3T<X 1436? /SowXevil^, ibid. 1375.
* CJ,G. I p. 610, iy. §1. * Le Bas-Foncart, JSxpMe, No. 173 a, p. 95.
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS 13
a second and fuller list (No. 784), where we have the mention of an
•yopon^ together with thirteen irwapxot and a ypofifMortvt, This docu-
ment raises afresh the question of the number of ayopap6fMoif which seemed
to be fixed at eight (a npttrfivt and seven avwofixot) hj Foucart\ The
term old^Mor iyoptuf6iiog occurs in several inscriptions * as a title of honour,
like oZ^wK yvnwaaiapxpf*. Of the Special duties of these magistrates at
Sparta we are not informed, but thej were in all probability at the head
of the police service and corresponded to the Roman aedi'Ies ; one of them
appears to have had charge of the repair of the roads, for we meet with
the tide iyopap6fut M w 6Mf (No. 691).
The 99duar6ftoi seem to have had duties somewhat similar to those of
the Jkyopeardfioi^ but while the latter exercised their functions in the city the
former would seem to be restricted to the country \ Of their number
we have no information, for we possess only the first two lines of an
inscription which contained a list of these magistrates (No. 886).
§ 19. In one inscription we have a complete list of hnfukffral in
a certain year (No, 216) : they form a college of six members, of whom
one is called AnficXi^ in a special sense, while the rest are avwofix^*
Other inscriptions furnish us with the exact titles of some of the Spartan
iwtfuXjfral. Thus in Na 204, coL I, Agathodes is spoken of as An*
fuhfr^ irAcoff, and the same tide recurs in CJT.G. 1258, col. 1, 1. 15* : an
AnfMXip^ KopmmUu* and an ^ificXi^n^ 'AfUNcXAv' are also found in several
inscriptions, and an hnfUkijriig . . . BtaO AvKovpyw* is once mendoned. In
another inscription we seem to have an ^ifMXin^ff of various public
buildings restored by a certain Paulinus*. Whether this refers to an
office created ad Aoc or to an already existing magistracy is not clear, nor
can we say with certainty whether any or all of the imfUhfrai referred to
under special tides were members of the college of six whose names are
given in No. 216.
§ 20. Appended to the lists of magistrates are in many^* cases the
names of persons designated at iMrtrm, varying in number from one to
three. These are not magistrates, but 'those who, after the tenure of
some office, had by their services won the privilege of taking their meals
with the magistrates of the college to which they had belonged during
the previous year ".' Thus we find ttvairoi of the colleges of the m^io^
XoMv^, tfiJHfpoi^^ and dyopaif6iwi^\ These must be distinguished from the
tfvcnrtrot of CJ.G. X249, since the same inscription has also a list of
^ Le Bu-Foncart, No. x6S b.
« Ibid. 178, 179 ; CXG. 1363, 1364, I375» i3?9- , ^ ^ ^ ,
* No. S46 ; C./.G. 1326, 1349, 1353, 1379; ^ CoUiti-Bechtel 4481 we find the
phnse ywfonilapx^ ^^ '^Ss vpirras AXuctas,
* Vitcher, Epigrapkuche BeiMip, No. 3a (- Inscr, Sport, partim hutL VJII^
Na 4) ; Le Bas-Foocart, Explic. No. 168 e.
* This leems to me a oonyincinfl: restoration instead of Boeckh's lmitiAxfi[¥ ""
iU|a>offiv2
* a/.G, 1343, "65 P)» "58. ' CoUita-Bcchtel 4520 (- CJ.G. 1338).
* CXG. 1341.
* CJ.G. 1330. We have also a mention of iwituXaind rov 'Pw/m/ov (CJ.G, 1331)*
An ivtfuXifr^ with three ^vv^orrcf occon in BtUL Corr. HtU. L p. 380, No. 4«
** Not. 978 ftc, 4U, 068 ; CJ.G, 1 353 and the inscr. quoted in notes ia-14.
" Le Bas-FoQcait, ExpHc. No. 168 b. " CJ.G. 124a, 1240 coL II, lafta.
" No. 411 (7); CJ.G, Z24o(alistof <rvor&>^^ comes between the l^ofoc and the
'* LeBy».Foaeaitx6Sb.
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14 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
iFffiTOi, but the exact point of difiference is a matter of conjecture.
"EinriTOi occur in Nos. 872, &c, 411, and 569, but in none of these three
cases can we tell to what college they were attached, though we have seen
reason to believe that the first part of 4U contained a cat^ogue of ephors.
Besides the thfmm the colleges of ephors and nomopbylaces had
awop^o4>6poi attached to them, varying in number from one to four^ In
No. 411 one cnrovdo^po^ is mentioned after the Ira-trw belonging in all
probability to a college of ephors. In No. 208 we find the otherwise
unknown word <nropdoiroio^, which must be an alternative form of oirordo-
^poi : they are three in number, or possibly four, but the nature of the
college to which they belong is uncertain. Of minor officials we have
already noted the secretary, under-secretaries, and vwrfptnjt of the patro-
nomi (No. 777), and we have here only to mention in passing the cooks
of the yrpoKTff (No. 210) and of another college (No. 660)*, the two
officials called 6 M fw^oO and 6 M fia«cXXov (No. 669), who seem to
have been stewards responsible for the purchases of grain and meat for
the consumption of the college, two di;^ioc (Nos. 208, 247)', and the
secretaries of the ytpovaia (No. 210). One of these last officisds, however,
must be reckoned among the most important magistrates of the Spartan
state if Foucart's conjecture is adopted* and the ypafifutnhs y§powrias is
identified with the ypafi^tanvt /SovX^r.
§ 21. The museum also contains a considerable number of fragments
of inscriptions of this class, in which the tide of the magistracy has been
lost and nothing remains save a series of names. Such are Nos. 208, 209,
247 (on the back of which is the mention of a di^/idcnoff), 869 (the first
line of which may be read ypaii[tianv9 or -#»]), 876, 884, 482, 628, 671,
805. Larger and more important fragments are Nos. 248, 525, and 787,
which contain 14, 11, and 18 names respectively, and No. 872, &c., four
adjoining fragments of a large inscription containing the names of
a college of magistrates and avvapxoi with the hatroi attached to it.
§ 22. Before passing on to consider the catalogues of (r^a«pcir, (nrriSivng,
and Tmvdpioif we may examine briefly those inscriptions in which the
cursus honorum of an individual is set forth. The most interesting of
these is No. 204, col. I, in which are detailed the various offices held
by a certain Agathocles together with the year in which he filled them.
He is successively dta/Scriyr Ai^uv/wy, fanriSp;^ac, nri^Xi^r^ff srdXcoff, oyopayrf/Aor,
ytpciwnaf, vofw<livka(f l^opof , ytpova^iat a second time, and ypofmoTf^ /SouXof.
In coL II of the same inscription the official careers of two other Spartans
are recounted. The first holds the offices of dui/Scn;^ Aifivaiw, aytivoBrnit
r&w fuyaiKwy o^povittr, vofio0vXa(, ytpowriat and tkl>opoSf while the Second
becomes in turn ypafifiaTo<t)v\a(, fiUkor, ;(fpfo^vXci{, • . • * y^powriw^ crvvducof,
and thfiopog. A very firagmentary inscription (No. 874) shows us the
offices of Ifnrdpxrfs, y€povirias, and wofto^fvXa^f as occupied successively by
the same man. Of the magistracies mentioned in these inscriptions
most have already been discussed: only the ^lafiirrfg AifivatWv, hmdfixnf^
a/turoStrifs, xp^o^uXo^, and crvvdueof, require a few words of comment.
^ One in No. 411 and CJ,G. 1252, 1343 (?) ; two in C./.G. 1340 ; three in C.AG.
1353 (cf. No. 208) ; fonr in CJ.G, 1340. Na 719 is doabtfnl, while No. 218 gives
no infonnation as to the number of ^vovSo^pm.
* A fidyttpos also figures in the lists of TaiwdpuH (Nos. 205, 206, 207) and in the
Dioscuri c:nild (No. 208). See also C./.G, 1339, coL II.
• See also No. 270, C./.G. 1339, 1353. ' See $ 17, above.
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS I5
The word dia/3«n^ is probably connected widi hrft, ' a clansman,* the fi
rquresenting an original digamma. The oflSce was almost certainly
connected with the gynmastic training of the Spartan youth^ and we
may perhaps conclude from the phrase d. Atfunimf *, that each of the obes
or tribes had its own dufittift. Foucart ' has conjectured that the dtafiinit
occupied the same position in relation to the ephebi as the ffovayAs in
relation to the boys. In any case the itaOinfs seems to have occupied the
lowest rank in the cursus htmorum (No. 204, coL I, II ; CJ.G. 1 242, 1 243).
The term fanrdpxiyr is apt to be somewhat misleading, since it does not
denote a cavahy officer corresponding to the tvirapxof of other Greek
states, e.g. Athens. Following a gloss of Hesychius Smrapxof* ^ '^^ ^^
iwtfttloi^ vopcb Aaitmatw, we may see in the htwapxrit the head of the 300
{nrciff^ selected annually from the young men: these formed a hoplite
corps, and in time of war acted as the king's body-guard. They were
selected by three hnraypmi chosen by the ephors, but it is doubtful
whether the Unr6px!n and the bn n ypinit are identical*.
The office of aymn&inff at Sparta probably differed little from that in
other Greek states. In one inscription* we have a distinction drawn
between affkoSerai and dywvo^cnu, the former being those who instituted
some particular contest and made provision for the prizes to be awarded
in it, while the latter were those who presided over the games and acted
as judges. These might number one, two, or three ^ and might include
women * as well as men. The name of the games to which it relates is
usually added to the tide iymwoB4ni£, and in several cases we find the
same man acting as president of two such contests*.
The x(^^^^ is ft magistrate who is met with in Asia Minor and
several of the islands^*, but his existence at Sparta has been unrecognized
hitherto. Originally, doubtless, the duty of the xpco^o^ ^^ to keep
a record of those who were in debt to the state and to take measures for
the recovery of such debts, but later his competence appears to have
been considerably widened, and the evidence of inscriptions shows that
the xP*^^^*^ was used for the deposit of private contracts and judicial
decisions of very various kinds.
Another group of magistrates is that which comprises the crvydueoi^.
^ Boeckh, CJ,G, i. p. 611 : the fresh evidence found since Boeckh's time confinnt
his conclusion. Of. Tod, Brit, School Afmnaly z. 74.
' Atafiirtp AifiyaiMf in No. 204, col. I, and C,AG, 1243 • ^tafiirtft alone in No. 400,
Le Bas-Foocart 174, C./,G, 1242: the other cases (No. 781, CoUits-Bechtel 4469,
C./,G, 1275, T432) are donbtfnl : we may xestoie the word in No. 047.
* Le Bas-Foncart, Exp/ic. No. 174.
* Hdt. viii. 124 rpttftedirioi Sra^rtiTT^wK \oyd9§Sf oSroc <ii99p ImrUs Kokiomu (cL
ibid. Til. 205) : Thnc. ▼. 72 o2 TpKue6ai<H Iwvrtt KaXo6/itvot ; Hdt. L 6j ; that they
were a body of infantry is proved by Strabo (x. 4. 18), though Dion. Halic. (ii. 13. 4)
refers to them as Iwwmi re ^Zct mU irf CoTt. The mode of election is described in
Xen. I^isp. Laced, iy. 3.
* The identification is made by Foncart (Le Bas-Foncart, Explic. No. 168 h), but
rejected by Gilbert (Gruk Constit, Antiquities^ p. 27).
' CLG. 1424. Cf. Le Bas-Foncart 194 c.
* One in Le Bas-Foncart 166 {^CJ.G, 1425); two in CLG. 1427; three in
C.I.G. 1424. • CJ.G, 1444, 1440 (?).
* The same man is dTwro^^nTt of the Kaur^ia and Edpi^jrAcia, Le Bas-Foocart 168 i*
C.LG. 1239, J 240, 1378. Of the Aio9«ot/pfia and Acowldcia, No. 644.
^ See the reff. given in my note on No. 204, col. II, 1. 21.
^ Boeckh, C./.C7. i. p. 610, ch. v. % 3. They are mentioned in No. 204, col. II,
CJ,G, 1258 col. I, L 12, 1364, and the passages referred to in notes 3-5, p. 16.
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l6 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Their dttties are unknown, but we can scareely be wrong in attributing
to them a judicial character. At Athens, as is well known, the cnwdiJoiH^
were public advocates appointed to represent the state, especially before
foreign tribunals, e.g, the Amphictyons, and to defend the existing laws
when changes were proposed: another body of syndics* was formed
after the fiJl of the lliirry Tyrants to hear and decide claims regarding
confiscated property. In Spartan inscriptions we meet with a oMueot
Stov AvKoCpyoif ', a awiuBOg M r^y fMryakifw wpftueliiy ^, and a avphueot M rii
I9i7*. A fourth magistrate, avpducag M ro^ iK^^iovr, rests, as I have shown,
upon a misreading of No. 204.
§ 23. One inscription (No. 218), though not properly belonging to
this dass, may be here mentioned as referring to an office not yet
alluded to. NM»y is described as frwfpnfitm Aapapovt, wp^afivt yo/io^Xiinir,
and IfpoOvnft. The first of these titles, avim^fiog rw Mnt, occurs several
times in Spartan inscriptions', the name in the genitive being always that
of an eponymous patronomus. Boeckh^ has shown that the meaning
cannot be that the patronomus and his mm^nfiot were t^/ifioi together,
but that the title is in all probability a term of honour denoting that the
irvpkl»fiot was chosen by the patronomus from among the f^/Soc as his
guard or attendant How many vvW^it/Soi were attached to each epony*
mous patronomus we have no means of deciding, but that they were, in
some cases at least, more than one is proved by the mention of three
cnwt^if/Soi of the same patronomus*. The term wpiafivs voi»a^\&Kmv has
already been explained*. In conjunction with this civil office Neon
holds the religious one of UptMrtft. That there were several UpoBmu, is
shown by No. 217 b, where they are directed to invite to the koud^ ^<rr»a
one who had been honoured by the state with the grant of irpofcy^ou We
may compare the position of the Lindian UpoBvrm^, a college of fifteen
annually elected in the public assembly, whose duties ' consisted in the
celebration of the public sacrifice and meals offered on behalf of the
state : they were further responsible for confirming in the enjoyment of
their privileges such citizens as were rewarded by the Lindians and for
entertaining strangers invited by the state to a public meal near the
common hearth **.*
§ 24. Four inscriptions record the names of winning teams of ball-
players (<r^aipcTff) ^. This word was applied, according to Pausanias
(iii. 14. 6), to those who were in the sts^ intermediate between ^/3m
and Mptsy and was given to them in all probability because they devoted
themselves to some ball game as exercise. It is interesting to notice
that according to one tradition " the Spartans were the discoverers of
the ball and of gymnastic exercises. No. 721 has the heading '£irl
^ Dcmostlu €, Leptin. %% 146, 15a ; dk Corona, % 134.
* Harpocr. /. V. ; Lysiai xvi. 7; zriL 15; ziz. 34. Meyer-Schoouum-Lipsfais, Att
Process^ P- 133 foil.
» CJ.G, 1256. * CLG. 134a, 1. aa. • ibid. L ai.
* CJ.G, ia39, 1 344, 1247, za$5, 1356, 1359, 1364. In its non-techmcal senae it
occurs in Le Bas-Foucart 167 («i' UWow-fphebt ').
* CJ.G. L p. 6ia, ch. vi. % 3.
* Three <ruyi^fioi of Sidectas are mentioned in CJ,G. 1344, 1347 : as the names,
howerer, are lost two of these may be identical.
* See § 15, abore. ** I.G. xii. i, Nos. 761, 768 b, 836, 838, 840, 844-9, ^SZ'
** P. Foncart, ap. Daremberg-Saglio, s. v,
^* I have discussed this class of inscriptions in Brit. School Atmual^ s. 63 folL
" Athenaeus L 35, p. 14 e.
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS 17
McPM^MVff ol o^mpng of puuficrarrtr foUowed by a list of names either
thirteen, fourteen or fifteen in number : these probably fonned a single
team which had met and vanquished similar teams representative of
other ifiai. Na 400 is fuller and more explicit: the name of the
patronomus is given, fdbwed by those of the PiUos and the ^tafihftt.
Then comes tbt fcfnaulsLo^MuptU finiwiAKrSm €^
and lastly we have the name of the captain (vpto/Svr) and of the members
of the team. Nos. 647 and 781 seem to be similar, though very
firagmentary. The word oW^d^ recurs in this latter, and means^
one who has never drawn a * bye ' throughout the series of contests,
and has therefore met his opponents one after the other without
opportunity for rest, a fiu:t which enhanced the merit of the final
victory*.
Possibly No. S70 was of the same nature as the inscriptions just
discussed: the question, however, must remain undecided as we have
only the first line — d^ tAt AifufOHtm.
i 25. Finally we have to notice six inscriptions whidi record the
names of the members of two religious associations. These have been
so fully discussed by Foucart' that it is unnecessary for me here to do
more than merely summarize the results at which he arrives.
Three of these inscriptions (Nos. 906, 206, 907) contain lists of
Taanpun hr\ rov dftm, the year being dated by the eponymous patro**
nomus: they all belong to the same period, though No. 207 seems
to be slightly earlier ttuin the other two. To judge from the absence
of Roman praenamtHa and the use of the genitive form in -coc from third
dedension names in -^t, these lists must be pri<»r to the Empire, and we
can attribute them to the first century b.c. The tide Taunpua must refer
to those who formed a guild for the celebration of the sacrifice in honour
of Poseidon Taenarius^, who had a temple at Sparta as well as that
on Cape Taenarum from which he derived his name. The lists fall
naturally into two divisions: (i) the memb^s of the guild, and (2) the
officials and servants attached to it.
I. The members are all free citizens, and number thirty-eight
(Na 205) or forty-two (Nos. 206, 207). They belonged for one
year only to the giidld, since no name figures in more than one of the
three catalogues.
9. On the other hand, the servants of the guild were not restricted
to a year's tenure of office: a number of them* are the same in 205
and 206. They fiedl into two groups, which are always kept stricUy
sepanUe, though the order in wUch the offices contained in them are
mentioned is very variable. The first group contains in all cases
a secretary, two heralds, a flute-player and a * prophet' {ftAnts): to
> DittenK SrOtgit*, 683, note i.
' The word ooenn oiSy in these two instanoet and in three inscriptions from
OlTmpia (fifympia, y. 54, 335, 337) : it may be restored in CJ.G^ 1373-4, 1433.
■ Le Bas-FoQcait, £jMf. Nos. 163 a, b,c,d.
* Cf. Hesychins tnanpta* ra^ AoircSaifioviocf lopr^ Ilo^ciSdrof mt kr ah^ Tsiva-
pmmL Pansaniat (jiL 13. 5) refers to the temple, ro^rair M 06 96ppm rifuifim
' In both cases Xtx^f^ is prophet, ^Mifupot herald, 'A^tfr^Xot senior muoylar,
and ABt/toM^mriSat finte-player. The fflr ^pctif and /kUamfo of No. 200 reappear in
906 as tnoMrijp and 9Mipar6fiot respectively. The only link with No. 207 is formed
by Emuneras^ who appcan there as Iwypdftir.
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l8 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
these are added in Nos. 205, 206 two woioruu. The second group
contains those who performed the more menial offices: in all three
lists we find a fioy^ipogy Kotuerffp, irio<l>6pot {r^ a)M ^P^^) &^d hrvypaffmw^
while No. 206 adds to these a crn^ar^r and No. 206 an o^^fmU
and a /SaXoym. All these posts are held by slaves or freedmen. The
<ruM^po(^ carried in procession the image of the god: the myp(S^«y
is probably a clerk placed under the direction of the ypofmarw. The
meaning of iro(i)ain^p is uncertain, but it is perhaps to be connected
etymologically with Kmowy lomdCit ( = imxypow, §y€xvpdCJ) and to be
explained as denoting an official who collected the guild's over-due
debts*. The cook (jiMyttpos) prepared the sacred meal, and under
him was the ^^roiroM$f , and possibly also the im^^fwr {(u^in^iuH) whose
duty was to cut up the sacrificial victim'. Lastly, there is the /SaXovcvr,
who was responsible for the bath : the elaborate regulations with regard
to the bath laid down in the celebrated Andania inscription (CoUitss-
Bechtel 4689 1. 106 foil.) show what importance was attached to this
department in connexion with religious celebrations.
§ 26. A second religious association is brought before us in Nos. 201,
202, 209. Like those of the TaanpuH these lists are dated by the
mention of the eponymous p>atronomus. Of 201 only the heading
remains — Of vmfihfr^t M 'hwr^rav] — the catalogue itself having been
inscribed on a separate stone now lost Of 202 we have the heading —
fol (TirJiy^Wcv cirl Zidcxro — and two names, but the rest of the list is
illegible. Fortunately No. 208 is entire, and in a fair state of preserva-
tion. Over the inscription is in each case a relief representing the
Dioscuri to right and to left of a female figure in a long robe which
portrays their sister Helen. The catalogue of names which constitutes
the inscription is a list of those who took part in the feast connected
with the sacrifice in honour of the Dioscuri and Helen. Like the
lists of the Toivc^^Moi, the'ke three inscriptions belong to the first century
before our era. The persons named in it fall, as Foucart^ has shown,
into four classes.
I. Five (IL 2-5 and 11) are members of the family in which was
vested the hereditary priesthood of the Dioscuri. Ev/yv^dyootra is
priestess of Helen, Tyndares priest of the Dioscuri: the other three
are mentioned on the list without any reference to an office held
by them,
3. Five others are officials of the guild — fiiJ^wn^ ytpovaUu, Ii^o^mw,
vofui4>v^a$ and yv9aucap6/wt\ The occurrence of officials of religious
and other societies bearing the names of state magistracies is a well-
known phenomenon in Greek inscriptions*. That the magistrates here
^ lUoip6oos^$to^6pof and rdr a2y ^fw^rbv Mr ^pw. See Mullenmefen, de tit.
Lacan, duUectOy p. 56 [186] foil.
* So Meister {ap. Collitz-Bechtel 4444), following Caner. Conze-Michaeli*
(Annali, 1861, p. 45) proposed to identily the word with the Latin coactor. Foncart
connected it with ic^f iy Altfior^f ^oiyiMom d9ot (Hesychius), and compared the
^nkiyottoiit of No. SOS, 1. 34.
' Hesych. attUpor £1^. Etym, Mctgn, cid^* t6 i(^, Sicu^ircc rov U tlsKXMm
* Le Bas-Foncart, Explic. No. 163 a, p. 8a.
' Cf. a guild inscription from Thalamae (Collitz-Bechtel 4577), in which the first
four officials are the same and occur in the same order, bat are followed by a mafvt
instead of, as here, a yvraum^ftos,
' £. Ziebarth, GriuM. VeninswitiH^ Ch. C, S & P* 146 foil.
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS ig
named are not those of the state is proved bj the position occupied
by the /Sidvor who is placed first both here and in No. S02, though the
state /Stdvoff was an officer of small impprtance and would certainly rank
below the ephor.
3. These ten names are followed by eleven others (U. ia~ai, 93) of
the higher grade of functionaries, religious and artistic, attached to the
gculd. Here, as in the lists of TaiydpMM, we meet with the herald and
the prophet of the society : in addition to the aiiKfrr^ employed in the
Poseidon cult, a KiBapurrng^ lyre-player, appears here, while yet another
common feature of the two guilds is the occurrence in both of the
vBiawfK. The * teacher' (1. 16)^ is doubtless he who trained the chorus
for the dance, while the musiod department is still further strengthened
by the inclusion of a victor in the musical contest held in honour of
ApoUo Cameins {mmimUBas). This group of officials is completed
by the architect, me sculptor of herms or reliefs (yXv^m 1. 18), the
goldsmith who overlays architectural ornaments or the horns of vicdms
with gold leaf, and a person whose function is not indicated : this last
is included in the guild Korh v6itop, according to a rule of the society *,
just as is the itdainoakog above referred to.
4. Finally, we have a group of eleven men and a woman, of whom
two (IL 3a, 34^ are slaves while six others are freedmen. These occupy
the lowest position or are craftsmen whose services are required to carry
out the cult celebrations. The spinner (xXwarm) ' and the dyer {poyw
L a7)^ are concerned with the making of the proper ceremonial dress
worn at the sacrifice : the wreath-seller {m<f>a96frmkisy and the maker
of palm-leaf garlands {^iKwotnUs)* supply the wreaths with which
the participators are adorned. The naBa^f (1. ^5) carried out, under
the direction of the priest, the purificatory rites. The secretary (1. a6)
was a clerk, probably at the disposition of the Ypa^i^iaro^vXaf , while the
reader (aMryM»<rraff) read aloud passages from the sacred books during
the performance of the acts of worship. The irapoxos (1. 30) was in all
likelihood he who supplied the fuel either for the coolung of the festal
meal or for the heating of the bath *. The cook (1. 33) was assisted
in his functions by a baker (dproKdmK), who made the bread required for
the meal. Finally, there is the general servant {xmtipirat 1. a 9) of the
guild, and a slave whose function is not stated After his name comes
the word A<^ATEIN ^ which has been interpreted by Meister* as an
^ CL Reiach's article s. v, M&aitaXot in Pauly-Wiatowa, v. 401 foil.
* As the officials of the guild are named after the state magistrates, so the society*s
niles are caUed v6i»oi. Of. the title ro/w<f>vKa( (1. 9).
* £/ym. Magn, s, v. Kaiid«A«tfcf : «A^cir y^ t6 r^$uir i$iw itdt MKiMmft, wafA rhn^
Khibaw fUKXovrOj /eat MKonrHip,
* Hesych. fioy^^' fia^€vs.
* Athenaens xv. 678 b &t ^ci ^MrCfitot Ik roTf wtpl $vctS^, ftXipuvt airdh
^AffMtor vw 6¥o/Jid(t<r$€u, tunas kic ^ofWjMur.
* CL Collitz-Bechtel 4689, L 106 foil, t dyopay6/wt ivi^XcMir ix^rv Swwt . . . wapi^
X»rrt «v/> icat /t&Mpay iUgftarw , . , icai 6ws 6 kyU^dfUvot r&¥ £i}X«r rdv vapox^^
elf rd AXuvT^piw wapix^t £vXa ^i/pcl . . . o< 8) UpU lY8t8^i)rrw tcU vapox^w rw
£^A[ar> [fit T^] ax<iirr4pior.
^ This leading may, I think, be regarded as certain. A«I»APEI N was read by
Welckcr^Henzen {BulL delF Inst. 1844, p. 146), and adopted by Vischer (Jnscr, Sport,
part. ined. VIII. p. 16), who, howerer, adds ^attamtn P minus c$rtum mihi visum
gst.^ All other editors read o^tcik.
* In a note ad loc., CoUit^Bechtel 4440, p. ao.
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20 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
infinitive from SK^ang (cf. il^wmrw, oBtnuf^ awumh, See.) in the sense
of o^x ^u"' ^<^ {^^' ^i^ irowc). What this mysteiioos office was we
have no means of deciding.
§ 27. Two titles which appear frequently in inscriptions of this class
require some explanation, namely taaait and fiavaydg.
The word Katnt^ is nearly sdways denoted by an abbreviation, usually
by the letters K A in monogram ; it is, however, found written in full in
No. 411. It always follows immediately a name in the dative ', and an
examination of these names will show that they are those of eponymous
patronomL Boeckh's conclusion' has been generally accepted, according
to which the muru of an eponymous patronomus was an assessor, or
sn^dpof, chosen by him from among those who had been in the same
iythi with him\ We may note in passing that the same person might
be chosen as assessor by the eponymous, magistrates of two years ^ wl^e
on the other hand, the same magistrate was at liberty to nominate more
than one such assessor ^
The term fiavay6s (also written ffoay6t) presents greater difficulties.
Taking into consid^ation the passages where it occurs in inscriptions^
and the gloss of Hesychius fioJay6pr aytkapx^, 6 r^f aytkjit fyx^ *^* ^^
may regard the Pavay6t as the boy diosen by an dyikfi out of its own
constituent members as leader'. The title was retained through life, and
therefore like rf ^'^ i^^^ &ud roG Ikun awt^nifiot, points not to a present
magistracy or function, but to a past distincdon. Those who refer the
term to an office actually held at the time by one of the ccpocv * have
to suppose that an tlfngp, i. e. a young man of twenty to thirty years,
could hold the office of wfui^vXa^ or ephor, or even that of narpoif6ftos ^\
Only in the dedicatory inscriptions to Artemis Orthia (Nos. 218, 220,
410, 788) is the title used to indicate an office exercised at the time
by die person designated as fiovay6f, fiavay^g fuiuxMofjJpw.
VI. DEDICATORY INSCRIPTIONS
§ 28. We have now to deal with those inscriptions which indicate the
dedication to a divinity of some object, either the stone itself (statue,
relief, altar, ftc.) on which the inscription is engraved, or something
attached to it ". The simplest form of votive inscription is exemplified
by No. 600, where a seated statue is inscribed with the name of the god
> Not. 904 coL I, L 35, 948, 411 ; Le BM-Fonctrt i8a ; &c.
* No. 411 1. 15 seems to be an exception. See note ad loc.
» C./.^.i.p. 61^
* Boeckh (loc. dt.) compares the wdpt9ptH of the archon at Athens.
* No. 904 col. I, L 35 Myd(<r«yi) md Av<rt/i(ax4^) xd^Oit),
* Not. 411 1. 3 (two it&atts of Pasikrates) ; 910 11. ao, ai ; 948 U. 4, 8.
* The references in the Corpus are collected by Boeckh, CLG. i. p. 6ia : see also
Le Bas-Foacart 174, 175 a, and the passages quoted in note xo.
' So FoQcart (Le Bas-Foncart, note on No. i6a j, Daremberig:-Saglio j.v.), who
distinguishes between the fioa.f&t and the cl^^r who acted as overseer of an fAij (Xen.
Resp. Laced, iL ix). See also p. a a, note 9.
' This is Szanto*s view, if I understand aright his article ap. Panly-Wissowa, s, v.
^ The 0oQy6s b wpicfim k^pur in 904 coL 1, 1. 34, i<popot in 904 col. I, 1. a7,
wpifffivt poiw^vXAkwv in 411 L xi, wofM^^i\a$ in 904 col. I, 11. 31, 3a, 33, 411 1. 13,
waTpow6fiot in Le Bas-Foacart 175 a.
^' For the formnlae employed ia TOtiTe inscriptions see Rouse, Gruk Votive Offering
(CamlM'idge^ i9oa)» chap. xi.
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS ai
whom it represents and to whom it is dedicated. The name of the
dedicator is also omitted in the simple formula Ait iif^iarf tvxn'
(No. 228) S but except in these two instances it is always present The
god to whom the offering is made is always specified except in two
instances (Nos. 427, 528), where the words ^o, 6 Mr are used : these
would derive their definiteness from the sanctuary in which they were
placed. These two elements, dedicator and divinity, give the key
formula, which appears in such an inscription as KoXXii^pdnyf Twdap(dtus
(No» 7): the addition of c^x^ or fvx<^Mirri7pior * gives a second type
(Nos. 427, 646), while a still further stage shows the introduction of
a finite verb dW^xa, dW^y, atfort^i (Nos. 628, 618, 404, 275). In
cme case the phrase kot* ingrayi^ tw Bwv* is found (No. 628), while
In two (Nos. 404 275) the office of the dedicator is stated, in one case
a ytpowriagy in another a ^^mw. Though crude in design and rough in
execution, five of these little altars, four of which (Nos. 427, 628, 546,
018) are dedicated by women and one (No. 275) by a man, claim our
interest as the sole relics of the life of the poorer classes in Sparta ;
elsewhere it is only on tombstones that we meet with any record of them.
While, however, the poor were fain to content themselves with these
humble offerings, the wealthy could erect more splendid monuments
of their liberality and zeal* Thus we find (No. 254) Publius Memmius
Pratolas and his wife Volussena Olympicha erecting a pillar^ in honour
of the Saviour Dioscuri, the priesthood of whom was vested in their
family. Again, on the upper facia of the Ionic architrave of a round
buildting was engraved a somewhat similar inscription, probably dedi-
catory (Na 707), of which only the words [^k rjmw Idlmp Kan[inuvaa€W or
wvl are extanu
§ 29. Metrical dedications are few. Those of Plestiadas (No. 447)
and Damonon (No. 440) have been ah-eady discussed ^ and Kirchhoff's
view has been referred to' according to which No. 611 is votive rather
than sepulchral. Thus only No. 690 remains, containing a dedication
of a statue to Apollo in a poem consisting of four elegiac couplets.
These are destitute of any poetical merit, being composed largely of
weU-wom tags, and the character of the writing forbids our assigning
it to a date earlier than the second half of the second century a.i>.
Two other inscriptions, one from the Menelaeum and the other from
the Amyclaeum, are almost certainly votive in character. Of the former
(No. 542) only six letters remain : of the latter (No. 689) all save the
last two fines has been purposely deleted, and it is not possible to
^ Shnikr inscriptioii» oocor C.I.G. 499 Ei^oSor ii^iar^ ^"xfl^^ 500 'OXv/nneb
b^fiar^ t^xfp^, 501, 503 'Ot^iftii c^x*)*' Ai) hUcr^, 504. These all come from
Athens, with other similar inscriptions (Dodwell, Tour through Greece, i. 40a folL).
From Coicyra comes CJ,G* 1809 ^auutwrtmf (?) Ai<2 (or Aif2) Ufflar^ «^x4i^t and
from Aezani CXG, 384a d [6 8cit«] *Ak€$6y9fou . . . ri<v [Atti] if/iar^ c^xi*'. In
all these cases, however, the dedicator's naiae is recorded.
* JSAyapiaTfifuv occurs I,G, iii. 13a/, 140, 145 (Athens), rii. 3417 (Chaeronea),
adL 3. 1086 (Melos), xiL a. iia, 115, i8a, 481 (Mytilene), Olympia y. a4i
(Olympia), Latyscher, Inser. Ant, Orae Sept, Fomt. Eux, i. 91, iv. 19 (Ofbia), CJ,G,
2054 (Mesembria), &c. It is a late variant of the more common term x^purriipiw,
'Compare the similar phrases icar* Mray/taf k^ kwtT&y/uiroSj wpovr^mrrot rov
$€ov, Kara wpScray/ia, caret itiXtwny rov ^eod, ftc., qnoted by Ronse (op. dt. p. 331).
* Or, according to Foncart (Le Bas-Foncart i6a g), some portion of a doorway.
See my note ad loc.
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22 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
restore the sense of the inscription. Both of these documents may be
dated as belonging to the third century b.c.
§ 30. We are left with a series of six inscriptions which, though dating
from the second century a.d., are more interesting than any we have
discussed in this class (218, 219 + 501, 220, 221, 410, 788) \ I do
not propose here to resume die discussion of die various doubtful points
raised by these inscriptions', but will briefly sum up what may be
regarded as established. They form a group of dedications to Artemis
Orthia (Noa. 218, 219, 220, 221, 788), the object dedicated being a flat
iron implement inserted in a groove cut for the purpose. One of these
has been preserved (No. 218), and in the other cases the shape of
the groove shows that the object dedicated was similar. It has been
variously interpreted as a sickle', a strigil ^ or an ornament for the head
which, owing to its fonn, went under the name of orXcyytf*. The
inscriptions are marked by the extremely archaic character of their
language, although they date from the reign of Hadrian onwards : the
fact that the earliest of them (No. 788) ' shows no trace of this archaism
proves that we have to deal not with a survival but with a revival of the
ancient dialectical forms.
The fact that the votive offerings were prizes won in contests is
direcdy stated (ra^ hraffka Xafi^w: No. 218), and there can be no doubt
that these contests were celebrated in honour of the goddess to whom the
dedication is made. Further, the contest was one of boys. In one case
the word iraiduedr is expressly applied to it (No. 788), in another it is
stated that the votive inscription was composed by the victor's father
(No. 218), while the dedicator is called fioay6s (No. 218), fiouay6g fuMx«^
do^p^p (Nos. 220, 410 ^ 788; ^/Am. MtML xxii. p. 337, No. 6).
The word M^^s has already been explained * : iuKtxM6fupo£ seems to
be a bye-form of fauaMfUPos, i.e. /umfdficvor, which occurs perhaps in
No. 410. This last word is explained in the X«^tf 'HpoMrov as denoting
a boy in the third year of his state-education, and the fiovayol iwaxMofUPmp
are dius the leaders of jSovot, groups or companies, of ten-year-old boys*.
^ For a disausion of these inscriptions as a whole see J. Bannadc, Rhein. Mismtn^
xxxTiii. (1883), p. a9.:ifolL; T. Preger, AtAm, MittiiL 1897, p. 334 foil.; R.
Meister ap, Collitz-Bechtel, Sammlumg, iiL a. i. p. 14a foU.; M. N. Tod, Athm,
MitttU, 1904, p. 50 foil.
' The other hiscripdons of this class known to ns are : Preger, loc. dt., p. 337,
Nos. 6, 7, and CJ,G, 1416 ( - CoUit»>Bechtel 4471). ' Preger, loc cit, p. 33!!^
^ Reisch, Gri$ch, IVeihgtschenki, p. 61, note a, and Panly-Wissowa, j. v. d^Xor, ii.
p. ao6i.
* Meister, loc. cit., p. 143, followed by Rouse, Greek Votive Offerings, p. 153.
* It is oncertain whether No. 788 is earlier than Na 410, the date of whidi was
doubtless reooided on the portion of the stone broken off. This latter inscription also
bears no signs of archaistic dialect forms.
* Perhaps, with Preger, we should read ficner^his fiuri8]Se/U[ywr] in No. 410.
* |a7.
* The Herodotus gloss is 'as follows {ed. Stein, ii. p. 465) : va^ AiurcSai/idrCecf k»
r& wfitr^ hfiavrf 6 watt ^0iBas KoXtTrai, rf dtvrtp^ wpotuMi(6fi^ot (cod, wptmofw
(ifupoit, carr. Wesseling), ry rpir^ fMMt(6fUPos, rf rtrdor^ wpSms, r^ wi/tmr^ iro«,
rf VtT^ /icXff^p^. *E^^c«fi ri «ap* ah-ois dwd Itwt ly fiUxpt mU 4/. It is obyiovs
that ages are reckoned not from birth (as Foacart), bnt from the boy's seventh year
when the state nndertook his training (so Preger and Meister). This does away with
the objection that might be adTanwd against the explanation of the word 0ovay6$
given in § 37, that it requires ns to believe that children of three years old elected from
their own nomber the $ovay6s of their dyiXrj, as is maintained by Foacart (Le Bas-
Foncart^note on i6aj, p. 143, and Daremberg-Saglio, j.v.).
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS 23
The difficulty of these inscriptions centres round the questions, ' Is the
contest referred to the same in every case ? and, if so, VfhaX is its nature?'
Baunack thought that three different contests are referred to, the ' hunt '
{K a inrfipar6pur\ the 'song' (^mmv), and the 'discus' (XAoy, \avap). Preger
and Meister reduce them to one, a musical competition. I have tried to
show^ that we have to deal with a 'hunt' {KaBBtipar6pw9), i.e. some
iqiecies of raupo$riptay and also with a totally distinct musical contest (m«mi).
I thus follow Baunack in his interpretation of K<Mnnipar6/M», while adopting
the view supported by Preger and Meister which connects Ktavop (or
mXvoy) and KmKotnr (or raiXiMr) with the root KfX- mX- and sees in it,
as well as in /mm (=s funkra), a reference to the musical contest. But
several problems remain unsolved as yet, of which it is to be hoped that
future epigraphical finds will provide us with the key.
VII INSCRIPTIONS IN HONOUR OF ROMAN
EMPERORS
§ 31. From inscriptions dedicating some offering to a divinity we pass
by a natural transition to those raised in honour of deified Roman
emperors. We cannot fail to be struck in the first place by their
simplicity and brevity. Of thirty-four inscriptions comprised in this
cla^ no fewer than twenty-seven consist of four words only, while the
longest does not exceed seven words. Here at any rate it would seem
as if we had stumbled upon a genuine relic of the proverbial Laconian
conciseness. A second and less pleasing characteristic is their monotony.
Twenty-two are verbally identical, and amongst the rest there is a certain
sameness which proves that variety and originality of expression were
not, at least in this particular, held of great account. Thirdly, the narrow
range of these inscriptions is a surprising fact; for on examination
we find that all the thirty-four inscriptions in question refer either to
Hadrian (i 17-138 a.d.) or to Antoninus Pius (138-161 a.d.). This
gives us our most convenient basis for classification.
I. Inscriptions in honour of Hadrian. These number altogether
eleven, and have two elements in common : they all alike begin with the
title avTOKpaT»p {mperaior) and end with that of o-on^p, or, in two cases
(Nos. 881, 607), iT^riip ras AoxcdaZ/Mwof. The emperor is referred to
either as 'Adpuu^^ (Nos. 287, 288, 240, 244, 878, 607, 629, 619, 629a,
676) or as Tpauu^ 'Adptap6s (No. 881), while the other titles given to him
are either Kaurap 2€PaaT6s (Nos. 289, 244 (?), 607, 676) or Kma-ap alone.
As regards grammatical construction these inscriptions fall into two
species: in the majority the words are put in the genitive, but in three
(Nos. 240, 607, 676) they occur in the dative. In no case is a finite
verb expressed. These inscriptions may probably be brought into con-
nexion with the two visits' to Sparta of the emperor: on the first
occasion (summer, 126 a.d.) Hadrian was making a tour of the Pelo-
ponnese during his first long stay at Athens, while on the second (late
spring, 129 A.D.) he was on his way fi'om Rome to Athens, where he
^ AtksH. Mtitni. loc dt.
' No. 204 col. 1 oO Mat hrwofx^'^'^o' "^ dToporo/iovKrof km^tf/ujfftv if «^ci d
[X*$a\9-TQv A^o[«p]dro[pot] Kalmpot Uvripat knlhfftSas, For Hadrian as eponymous
patroQomns see No. 204 ool. U, 1. 14, No. 874, and Le Bas-Foucart a86b.
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24 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
remained from the summer of 189 a.d. to the spring of the following
year*,
2, Inscriptions in honour of Antoninus. These number twenty-three
<Nos. 226-286, 867, 868, 889, 466, 608, 621, 647, 669, 670, 720,
780), and show an extreme simplicity and uniformity. The formula
Zarl 'EXcv^cpiot 'Avrmvtipoi imrijpi occurs in twenty-two instances, the only
variation which is found being in the spelling of the third word, which is
usually written 'Ayrwrctvot, but sometimes *Avr<i*ptMM (Nos. 226, 229, 466,
647, 669). The single deviation from the standard form is found in
No. 280 Zav\ 'EXcv^pcoc mil 'OXvfur/oi *A9r<iNViKM Imnipi. With few or nO
exceptions the inscription is accompanied by the representation of
a wreath and two palm branches. The chief point of interest with regard
to them is the archaism of form (Zayi) and spelling (never 'EXtvBtpSm
'APTmv€ltfw), and the great variety of the letters employed, almost every
combination of forms being found, though the inscriptions themselves
were probably all engraved during the Emperor's lifetime.
VIIL EPITAPHS
§ 32. The most numerous class of inscriptions in the Museum, with
the sole exception of the catalogues or lists already discussed *, is formed
by the epitaphs engraved on tombstones. These naturally fail into two
sub-divisions, according as the person commemorated is a native of
Laconia or a foreigner.
Of the former species we have some forty examples, the most interest-
ing being those which are earlier than the second century b. c. According
to a well-known tradition, Lycurgus included among the changes which
he introduced into Sparta regarding burial and mourning, a regulation
forbidding the placing of any epitaph upon the tomb, save in the case
of a man who had died in war or a woman who held the ofi^ of
priestess '.
And in point of fact, so fiar as we can judge ^ from extant monuments,
this rule seems to have been strictly observed during the fifth and two
succeeding centuries. The only doubtful case is that of No. 626, where
we have the word nMitlow on a rude block of stone. It is uncertain
whether this is an epitaph or not, and in the former case it may well be
that of a soldier who fell in battle, though the fact is not recorded. But
Kirchhoff has maintained * that the same rule holds good for the sixth
century also. This seems at best a somewhat doubtful conjecture. Not
^ For the jonmeys of Hadrian see J. Darr, Die Reisen des Kaisgrs Hadrian^
Vienna, 1881, and for his visite to Sparta, pp. 59, 70, 71. The epigraphical evidence is
collected in an appendix, but for Sparta it omits Dressel-Milchhoefer, p. 43S, Nos. 13,
Vienna, 1881, and for his visite to Sparta, pp. 59, 70, 71. The epigraphical evidence is
collected in an appendix, but for Sparta it omits Dressel-Milchhoefer, p. 43S, Nos. 13,
14; Bxpidit. (U MorU, ii. No. 53; AmtUi delF Inst. 1861, p. 45; Vischer, Inscr.
Spart, VIIL No. 5. Since Diirr wrote the evidence has been increased by Bull, Corr.
HelL iz. p. 517 (« No. 607). Nos.,287, SSe, 240, 873, 881, 629, 619 (7) and 629 A
are published now for the first time» while No. 244 corrects an error of Anmali, loc. dt.
• See |§ 13-37.
» Pint. Lycurgus xxvii kwfpifat roCyofta M^fcvTBt o6« I^Qy rov wwpoO, wKifw
6y9p^ ip woKiftqt Koi ywauibs now Up&if dvotfov^oir. This latter reservation is
omitted in the briefer statement of lustit. Ijuoh. 18 6»uKm UmnXr^ imypa^s rds M
* Kirchhoff, Si/mugs^, d, BtrL Akad, 1887, p. 990. Bnt see bdow (§ 37) my note
00 No. 417, an inscription on which Kirchhoff has not commented.
' Loc. dt., p. 99a.
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS 25
cnly have we No. Ull^ which, though badly mutilated, hat been almost
universally accepted as a metrical epitaph, and LG,A. 65 (CoUitz-
Bechtel 441a), which in spite of the badness of the copy appears to
be also a metrical tomb-inscription, but also /. G.A. 54 (Collitz-Bechtel
4403), which can hardly be interpreted otherwise than as a sepulchral
poem. Nor need we necessarily reject the tradition entirely. It is open
tp us to suppose that some such regulation as Phitarch describes was
actually made at some time near the close of the sixth century, and was
afterwards attributed, along with many other laws of a similar nature, to
the great lawgiver who was held as the embodiment of the ideas and
principles which were characteristic of the Spartan constitution, and
which called forth the admiration of many thinkers and observers belong-
ing to other Greek states. The very fact that according to the tradition
Lycurgus put a stop to the writing of epitaphs on tombstones is proof
that the Spartans believed that such epitaphs had existed, and had been
a prominent feature of early tombs. Be the reason of the change what
it may, the long and elaborate metrical epitaphs of the sixth century are
replaced by inscriptions consisting only of the name of the fallen with
the addition h iroXc^MM. Of these there are six examples in the Museum,
the gravestones of AZn/h/of (No. 877), Khrrat (Na 886), Hoip^hnnrof
(No. 887), Ev/iuddi^ff and T6aM (No. 608), ^Ibalii^v (No. 486), and
- -<<punw (No. 017). An exact dating is not possible, but the first three
may be attributed to the fifth and fourth centuries, the last three to the
third century b.c. Other six similar epitaphs are known, commemorating
EidXnjf (Collitz-Bechtel 4529), Trjkt^^^ (ibid. 4538), BavWac (ibid. 451a),
<• -£iff (Ussing, CrrcBski (^ Latmske Indskrt/ier tKfobenhavn^ 1854, No. 6,
p. 8), *0murcXi7f (Le Bas-Foucart 283), and TcXcirrwp (ibid. 203 a). Of
these the first two probably belong to the fifth century, the third and
fourth to the fourth and the last to the end of the Uiird. The fifth is,
according to a conjecture of Kirchho£f ^ a renewal of an earlier inscrip-
tion : I prefer, witii Foucart ', to regard it as belonging to the Imperial
period and to see in it a further example of the archaizing which was so
common a feature of the reigns of Hadrian and Antoninus. In formula
there are only two variations from the common type. The words E^aXie^^
ilk wokt/im are followed by ip MmriWrn to denote the battle in which
Eualkes fell, while the 'Omurikrfs inscription just discussed has the word
X(up€ at the close. In the Imperial period this word was considered such
an integral part of an epitaph that it could not be omitted even when the
form of the epitaph was copied from an older model which lacked it.
These inscriptions are found scattered over a wide area. Two (Nos.
877, 887) are from Sparta, and (me from Magoula in its immediate
neighbourhood (No. 886) ; one was found at Amyclae (Collitz-Bechtel
451a), and two at Geronthrae (Collitz-Bechtel 4528, 4529); two others
come from the northern part of Laconia, one from SelJasia (Le Bas-
Foucart 203 a), the other from a spot between Tt^pytrtnmKa KoXv/Sia and
Xof/ on the rcMid leading from Sparta to Leondari. The provenance of
the other three is unknown, but it is probable that at least two of them
(Nos. 600, 617) are from the neighbourhood of Sparta.
§ 33. Over the later tombstones contained in the collection we need
not linger. The simplest and commonest formula consists of the name
' Log. dt, p. ^i. * Le Bas-Foucart, No. aoaa, note.
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26 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
of the deceased (in the vocative) followed simply by the word x^
(Nos. 26, 28, 255, 267, 264, 800, 870, 448, 564): in one case the
epithet ayaBi is appended to the name (No. 871). Often the age of the
dead is recorded, either as a mere number (^AyaBw x*^ ^B. No. 528),
or as a number with M» (No. 261), or more commonly in the formula
tni Pi^aaa{a) — (Nos. 256, 258, 269, 260, 268, 871, 880, 886, 522) : in
one case only (No. 896) the number of months is added. The fact is
a striking one, though perhaps due to mere accident, that of the ten
persons of whose ages we are thus informed eight died before reaching
the age of thirty, and one of the remaining two lived only thirty-two
years, so that in spite of the sixty-seven years of life recorded in No. 258
the average age at death is less than twenty-nine. In all these cases the
mention of the age of the deceased is preceded by nothing save the name
and x°*P^> though in one case (No. 880) it is followed by the formula
Somewhat fuller is No. 246, where we have along with the name of
the deceased his office or tide (^v<rraya»y&f ^ «M e^pairp&if) and a record
of the fact that he took part in a campaign against the Parthians.
Whether the reference is to the Parthian War under Marcus Aurelius,
Septimius Severus or Caracalla, it is not possible to decide, though the
character of the wridng wouki point to the. first as the most probable*.
§ 34. Of metrical epitaphs we have altogether six ', including No. 686,
about the nature of which there is some uncertainty. No. 268 com-
memorates a Spartan merchant, Troilus, who died while away on
a journey and was buried at Corone in Messenia. No. 882 is in
memory of Faustus, a married but childless man, the eklest of a family
of four. No. 888, an epigram of much greater merit, bewails the death
of a poet, Threptos, who had won a name for himself in Greece and
Asia, and also at the Roman court. Nos. 624^ and 548 complete the
list, all the poems in which are written in elegiac metre except No. 268,
which is composed of hexameters only. Even here, however, it would
seem that the absence of the familiar phrases of tomb-inscriptions was
viewed with a kind of uneasiness, for we have irapodt mi x<up« appended
exfra tneirwn to one epigram (No. 888), and M»p lA to another
(No. 524), while a third is introduced by the phrase Cavort x^> Ci^as Ihrf ft.
(No. 882). No. 268 commences widi the words TpJukt, x^f ^^'^ ^us
only No. 548 has no attempt to retain the ordinary phrases: here,
however, they may have seemed of less importance since the epigram
occurred side by side with an epitaph framed in the ordinary mould
(No. 896).
§ 36. We have also two Christian epitaphs (Nos. 506, 684). One of
these (No. 506) is too mutilated to permit of the sense being restored:
the other is conceived in a strain very commonly met with m early
Christian epitaphs, and contains an appeal to the clergy for the present
and for all time to allow no one to disturb the grave.
Of Nos. 261, 689 it will be unnecessary to say anything here save to
* Cf. C.I.G. 1339, cot III Alt [jjaf']ffrarfwy^ d,wb 'Afftm.
* On references to the Parthian Wars in Spartan inscriptions see an article by
P. Wolters in Ai^en, Mitteil. 1903, p. 291 foil.
' A seventh has been discassed below (§ 37) : It is uncertain whether it belongs here
or not.
* This, though the epitaph of a Cretan, is treated here for the sake of ooovenienoe.
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS VJ
recall the hct that, tiiough not strictlf speaking tombstones, they are
doself related to such, being written m memoriam (§ ii).
$ 36. We must notice, in conclusion, the epitaphs of foreigners which
are in the Spartan collection; six of these are marked out as such
by their contents, and one (No. 898) by its provenance, while one
(No. 417) belongs probably, but not certainly, to this species. The
epitaphs of the first-mentioned six are very simple. Two of them bear
the name and father's name of the deceased and his nationality, in one
case Megarian (No. 266), in the other Theban (No. 778). No. 266 is
slightly (Merent, consisting of the name and nationality (Boeotian) of the
d^ and the familiar x<up«« Of these inscriptions, No. 266 probably
belongs to the fourth, No. 266 to the third, No. 778 to the third or
second century b. c. The remaining three (Nos. 870, 608, 770) date
from the second or even from the Siird century a. d. The age of the
deceased is in each case recorded, as also his name an4 nationality : the
remaining elements, x^ (No. 870), the patronymic (No. 770), and the
profession (No. 608), occur but once each. One of the three men
conmiemorated was a Salaminian (No. 608), a second came from
Bithynian Nicaea (No. 770), and the third is called naXXuin^ (No. 870).
§ 37. Finally we must briefly examine the two inscriptions of this
class (Nos. 808, 417), to which detailed reference has not yet been made.
The latter of these is a metrical epitaph in two elegiac couplets. The
first half of each line is lost, and hence we are ignorant of the name
of the man commemorated. . We learn that he was a native of Oreioi,
possibly the town better known under the name of Oreus ^, and died at
Corinth. The character of the letters shows that the epitaph belongs to
the fourth century before our era, but the form ytvofUwois prevents our
dating it much before the end of the century. Roehl* has supposed that
*Opf«>i was some village close to Sparta, but in that case we would expect
the epitaph to take the usual form, 6 bttpa h iroKifmi. On the other hand,
if Oreioi was outside Laconia we have the curious phenomenon of a man
being buried neither in his own country nor in the place where he fell.
Possibly the present is an inscription engraved on a cenotaph in honour
of a foreigner who had rendered distinguished military service to Sparta.
No. 808 is not a Laconian inscription, but was found in Messenia
and brought thence to Sparta. The relief bebw the inscription, two
forearms with uplifted hands, is of a type represented by several other
examples'. It seems to have been carved on the tombstones of those
who had met with a violent death, and to symbolize ^e prayer for
vengeance upon the murderer, known or unknown.
IX. STAMPS ON TILES AND BRICKS
§ 38. It is in inscriptions stamped on tiles and bricks ^ that the
Spartan Museum may perhaps be said to be relatively richest. This
is largely due to the considerable number of stamped roof-tiles discovered
^ S. P. Lftmbros, Hiof 'EXAf/i^e^o^/iwr, i. p. 34.
* AtJkem Mitteil, i. p. 254.
' Of. Heydenuum, Ant. Marmorbildw» tu Aihen^ No. 14, where four other instances
are cited.
* Inscriptions of this class are collected by P. Paris, Eht^ (Paris, 189a), p. 1 10 foil.,
and his list is very considerably enlarged by R. B. Richardson ap. C. Waldstein, TJU
Argim Htroium, I p. a 16 foil.
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28 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
by Dn Tsountas on the site of the Amyclaeum (^Ayla Kvpuudj) in 1891 \
These number in all thirteen fragments, of which eight (Nos. 696-642,
644) can be restored *A««(XX«»mw | cV 'AfiiMcXo^M '• The inscription is
stamped in raised letters on a sunk oblong ground. Two others, though
very similar, show a slightly different formuk. In both of them the word
AMYK AAIOI begins the second line, and as there seems hardly room
for EN at the close of the first line we must assume that we have here
a locative, *AitvKKaun: c£ ^akrfpol, 2<f>riTT6i, &c.' The precedmg word
can be restored in one case (No. 686 a) *Airo\X«iK>ff, in the other
(No. 686 b) *AfrcXX<»voff \ Of No. 646 only the two final letters -of of the
first line are preserved, and it is not possible to class the fragment with
certainty. Nor can No. 686 be restored : even the conjectural *AmSX-
Xa>yoff in 1. 2 is very doubtful, as the stroke before the « seems to be
a vertical one. A totally different inscription is No. 648, unfortunately
much mutilated : - -(/i)rf<rtof - | - -1^ «iX<ncX(i7)-. This bears a striking
resemblance to the legend stamped on three tiles found by Ross' in
Sparta — ^ap^awt *AB^amf «IA. The last word is restored ^(or?) by
the editor, but this can hardly be right, and we need have little hesitation
in reading, in the light of No. 648, «iX(<McX$ff), the name either of the
manufiicturer or of the contractor. The restoration [Aa](fi)i$<rioip ['AmSX-
X«]v(or). *ikoKXxjg then suggests itself for the fragment from the Amy-
claeum. The only other tile which we have to notice (No. 407) bears
the stamp *Oyrf(rS4>opos, which indicates doubdess the name of the maker.
The inscribed bricks number seven, of which three appear to be
stamped simply with the manufacturer's name : in one case (No. 277)
the name, ^ikumidas, is all but complete ; in a second (Na 648) we find
the abbreviation (?) HPAKAA*,whileonthethirdfiragment(No. 646) only
the final letters -<w are left The other four bricks (Nos. 276, 686,
686 A, 712) were manufactured in the same year (M KaKkucpArtosy , and
three at least of them (Nos. 276, 686, 712) were used, or intended
for use, in the construcdon of the awiPoBifKii ; two of them bear the name
of the contractor Nikasion, while the thiid is stamped with the name
Zijywv, which can hardly be other than that of a second contractor. The
inscriptions differ very strikingly in the statement of the same facts : the
one contractor records concisely the three important facts 'Eirl KaXXi-
Kpana — vKawoBriKas — Zipwr (No. 712), while the Other, not content with
the longer inscription, nXMoc dofwauu aKavo^Kat hrl KaXXucparcoff 4pyAtfa
Nixoo-MAvof, stami» it upon all four sides of the brick.
X. MISCELLANEOUS INSCRIPTIONS
§ 39. It will be convenient to group together a certain number of
miscellaneous inscriptions, although the sole common element in them
is the fact that they do not fall into any of the classes hitherto discussed.
* See 'E^/A. 'Apx^tok. 189a, p. 3.
' Cf. the use of the same phnse in Thnc. ▼. 23. 5 or^Xip 9T$acu h AoMtZal/um
vap* *A96\Xonft kw 'Afwtc\aiqf,
* See Meisterhans, Gramm, d, att, Inschriften*, p. 147, note 1369.
* For this form of the name see No. 680, and Pauly-Wissowa, s, v, Apollon, ii. p. i.
* Inscr.graec, ined, L No. 50.
* Pape-Benseler give the names 'Epeufk&ftfMw, *Bp&Mkaftot, 'Rpoutkas, Protwbly we
have here the genitive 'B^cucXa.
* The same eponymous magistiate is found in No. 906 : he belongs probably to
the first centnry b. c.
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INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS ag
One of the most important of these (Na SiS) is a fragment, nnfor*
Innately verj mutilated, of what appears to be a sacred calendar, giving
a list of the proper sacrifices and observances for various holj dajs.
The mention of [^]^cdtiMTui and [♦XJomiviov wmtpapfU (IL 6, 17) shows
that the document deals with the events of certain days of the year, while
tfie words iMpAKa, fyr^^ Kfma$, rvpov, rp^yopo, ak^lrmm, X9*P^ make it plain
that the ordinance regulates the kind and quantity of food which is to
be distributed on given occasions. Three deities are mentioned — Zeus
Taletitas, Auzesia, and Damoia. The first of these took his name from
Taleton, the highest peak, or at least one of the peaks \ of Mount Tay*
getus, which dominates the Spartan plain on the west. That there is
a connexion between this worship and that of the sun seems proved by
Hesychius* gloss rak&r 6 ipuos, and by the myth of Talos, but that the
two were not absolutely identified follows from the fiict that the sun-god
himself was, according to Pausanias (iii. so. 4), worshipped on Taygetus.
Auxesia and Damoia (Damia) form an almost inseparable pair of deities,
and appear in the Peloponnese as counterparts of the Eleusinian Demeter
and Kore.
§ 40. An inscription of considerable historical interest is that (Na 145)
winch is cut on the back of a marble chair. Although mutilated, this
inscription has been ingeniously restored by Foucart, who connects it
with one of the most important passages of later Spartan history, the
overthrow of the power of the ephorate by Cleomenes IIL Plutarch*
tells us that he had the chain of the ephors removed with the exception
of one, which he allowed to remain in order that he might sit in it to
conduct business. Shordy afterwards he united with himself in the
monarchy Euclidas who was not, according to immemorial custom,
a member of the other ro3ral family, but his own full brother, ' bom of
the same mother and of the same father.' 'It was at this moment,'
concludes Foucart '^ ' that the inscription was cut on the seat on which the
two kings sat in turn to give audience, that seat which was as it were
a visible token of the power which had been wrested fix>m the ephors and
restored to the kingship.'
§ 41. Two inscriptions (Nos. 480, 582) record the boundaries of
sacred precincts in the word 6pos rov Upov, On one of them (No. 489) the
letters I A are added, showing that this was the eleventh in a series of
similar boundaiy-stones. Unfortunately the provenance of both stones
is unrecorded, so that we are ignorant as to the sanctuary to which
they refer.
§ 42. Of artists' signatures the Spartan Museum has only one, that
of the Athenian sculptor Apol]onius^ carefully engraved on a fragment
of marble drapery (No. 868). Two large marble blocks bear masons^
marks : they were both found at Hagia Kyriake, the site of the Amy*
claeum, and evidently belonged to the same building. The inscriptions
occur on a side of the stone which was never smoothed, and consequently
^ Heberdey {Rtisen des Pausanias, 57), following Lolling (I wan Miiller, Hamd"
hsch, iii. p. 1 8 a), aignet that Taleton most be one of the eastern spurs of Taygetus
which rite abrnptly from the Spartan plain. Von Prott {AtAsn. MUteil. 1904, p. 7 foU.)
identified it witn that one of tne series which lies above Kalyria Sochas.
* Cleomenes, X. * Le Bas-Foncart, No. 167 a, p. 88.
^ Loewy, Insckr, griecK Bildhauer, No. 336 : Panly- Wissowa, ;. v. ApoUonios,
No. 134.
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30 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
was not intended to be visible in the finished building. In one case the
word yXavi (No. 785), in the other dpii6£ (No. 786), serve to denote the
masons who cut the blocks in question.
§ 43. The significance of the name Evpvfidmurva in No. 591 is not
plain. The fonn of the base on which it is inscribed shows that it is not
sepulchral, and as the base supported a stele and not a statue, it does
not seem a probable supposition that Eurybanassa was portrayed in
a work of art, since such could only have been a relief or a painting.
We must rather see in Eurybanassa the dedicator of some votive offering :
perhaps the name of the deity has been lost along with the first two
letters of that of the dedicator. Similarly, the significance of No. 605,
which contains merely the name Nixoicpcin^ EldatfiMckiogf is doubtful.
In No. 527 we have a number of letters rudely incised, or rather worn
by rubbing, on a rough block of stone : they seem to form the ends of
two words written fi-om right to left, and may be a portion of an early
epitaph. No. 626 contains two letters which stand by themselves though
there may have been others on the portion of the stone which is broken
off. The remarkable thing about these letters is that the X takes the
form U, which is unknown to the Laconian alphabet, though it occurs in
an inscription of the Arcadian town of Alea ^, and in the alphabets of
Attica, Chalcis, Boeoda, Ac.
§ 44. A Byzantine inscription (No. 269) records the grant to a church
or monastery of certain lands in the bishoprics of Amydae and Caryou-
polis, the revenues of which are to assure the regular celebration of
divine service every 'Monday, Tuesday, and Thursday, in the church
and in the tomb of the saint' There is also one Latin inscription
(No. 278) in the Museum, but so fi-agmentary that no meaning can be
got from it. Mommsen* has conjectured that it is a fragment of
an imperial rescript, but even this cannot be decided with certainty.
XL FRAGMENTS
§ 45. We have now referred to all the inscriptions in the Spartan
collection with the exception of a number of fragments which are so
mutilated that they cannot be assigned with certainty, or even with
probability, to any definite class. Nineteen of these (Nos. 271, 272, 274,
875, 894, 401, 418, 429, 462, 468, 502, 510, 598, 620, 628, 681, 682,
688, 718) are quite insignificant. No. 288 seems to refer to games
(1. 4 roO 6y&wot r&vi 1. 5 Twr fuydkmp). No. 249 contains two names,
one that of a certain ZflM^Mmdor, the other that of ^oftoKparig, who is
perhaps his wife. The stone appears to be a statue-hase, but whether
the statue on it was dedicated by Socratidas and Damocratis, or whether
there were two statues representing them is a point we cannot determine.
No. 250 is part of a document of considerable length, dating probably
from the first century b.c. No. 878 is either the epitaph of a certain
Callicrates, son of Callicrates, or an inscription in his honour set up
during his lifetime. No. 428 may be tentatively placed among the lists
of magistrates, but in the case of so small a fragment this cannot be done
with any confidence. No. 622 opens with the words Al B§ai oQaai
^ Roberts, Inirodtution to Greek Epigraphy ^ i. Na 283, p. 380.
* C/.X. iii. SoppL, p. 1308, No. 7245.
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S;
INTRODUCTION TO INSCRIPTIONS 31
V? . . • and maj be attributed to a votive inscription of some sort.
o. d24 contains the name «iXiy/i»v and some part of the word oUv^,
bat it is not possible even to decide whether the inscription is metrical.
No. 680 (which in the Museum inventory is also entered as No. 545)
has the words [t]n\ irarfpovd^ rov dciyof] in the middle, and may be
a fragment of the record of a cursus hofwrum. Finally, No. 719 seems
to be the end of a catalogue of magistrates, the last four lines of which
are occupied by the names of [(nravdjo^^pot, but the words wpwrnenit and
ou^irffoff (U. a, 3) made the precise nature of the document uncertain.
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INSCRIPTIONS
7. Sec p. 135.
26. See p^ 138.
28. See p. 138.
86. See p. 146.
145. On the back of a chair of coarse bluish marble (for which cf.
No. 146), broken at the top. Height •57; breadth •45; depth •40.
Found near the mill of Matila, on the right bank of the Eurotas.
Collit^Bechtel 4428.
EfMl ^l\ni
TEKAIENoSPATPoS
— cy f"[^X* /"""Xp^] I '*' """^ ^"^ irorprfr.
According to an acute conjecture of Foucart, the inscription may
be restored [KX§oit§mif uH EvKKi\^]g iy ^t^]^ «crX. He cites Plutarch,
CUam, II (KXffOfMM^f) r6 rijr luwapx^ Bvofta frapaitv&avpitvos aw4httfy i»M(f
knmv /Soo-iXca r^ lidcX^v E^icXcidoy. Kol i^rf fiipop TirapTutnug tV fuas oUiag
arvptpfi duo OTfCiv /Sao-iXcac, and ibid. lO 'O d* odw ViXtofitviff .... nvt H4>p€vt
dyciXc nM» i^6fmw irX^tr Mf , ^r f KoBfifuvog tfUXXtp a^^ xPtiuTiCtuf, If the
inscription is rightly referred, its date would be about 225 B.C., and with
this the forms of the letters well agree.
200. On a slab of white marble. Height '44; breadth -70; thick-
ness •o6. Broken on the left and (?) above.
Collitz-Bechtel 4404 ; David 5. Cf. F. D. Allen, Papirs of tJu Americtm
School^ iv. Na 100, p. 193.
-"TfeBAlOKTONH^IOHOPTOHBI-.
lOMliallTIACNAOIXlt^TIOM
The first line reads from left to right, the second from right to left.
Mj reading agrees widi that adopted by Collitz-Bechtel except in the
following points. The stone shows ^ not E, A not A in L i as well as
in L 2, K not Y. At the end of L i I read BV^ with Hirschfeld and
Dressel-Milchhoefer; at the beginning of L 2 (on the right) the reading
of the first five letters is precarious, but I retain Velsen's ^Ti O ^. The
fifth letter from the end I read as I with Velsen and Dressel-Milchhoefer.
not as ^. The inscription remains an unsolved riddle. Miillensiefen
reads a<Jr« fi^ oh nir NEION w T^ Hw[d] \vo . , x^ . . tmr atnt
duTKioi {ditriclmp?) (p. 12 [l43])-
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INSCRIPTIONS 33
20L On a stek of greyish marble with pediment Height •*jq ;
breadth '48; thickness -la. Above the inscription is a relief for which
see p. 158.
CoDitB-Bechtd 4449.
01 fffnfihnts #irl *Aw€[tov]
The letters are carefully formed ; apices slight. A0TTZ-
The reading 'Aycr<[Tm;] is almost certain, the stone showing ANZE*. •
'AMTfTOff ss'Ai'^of = 'AMi^iTOff. Cf. the substitution of s for B in imimtni
(ss iSmA^c, No. S19V B«0^<V (= B«0;i^«m ibid.), Ac, and for the omission
of the a apBiwra (CdUtz-Bechtel 4560).— The list of names which followed
is lost.
SOfi. On a stele similar to the preceding but without the pediment.
Height '68 ; breadth -so ; thickness • i a. Above the inscription is a relief,
for which see p. 158.
CoUhc-Bechtel 4441.
[01 mr^fimn M iMm' A^i£)(iii9xp$ • - | - - 'Oiwr^icXj^t IIparoMmv
The writing is extremely careless, and as the surfiMe of the stone is
badly worn the greater part of the catalogue is Ulegible. Previous editors
have contented themselves with reading the first line. In line s I read
3NACI . . HCnPATONIKOYPIAYOC. In the following Unes
isolated letters onlv can be distinguished. The editors, except Foucart,
have read [ol (rcnyj^m^f M 2t^Kra /^(tfuixov Foucart (Le Bas-Foucart,
note to No. 163a) reads AEEIMAXO . which he restores as Ac^t-
paxJi9\ in which he sees the first name of the catalogue. I adopt this
reading for the following reasons : —
(i) The stone seems to me to show an C rather than a Y as the
final letter of the word. *
(2) Si^'icra ^i^dxov is inadmissible : S. rov Ac^i^ov would be
required.
(3) If we read ^t^ifi^av, it will be hard to find room for
a name and patron3anic between it and 'Orao-^cXj^f.
Perhaps this ^(iftax^s b the same as ^§ifiuKxpt Upar^KBL of Na S08»
908. On a bluish marble stele with pediment. Height *go; breadth
•50; thickness aa. Broken in two pieces. Above the inscription is
a rdief, for which see p. 158.
Collits-Bechtel 4440 ; Michd 990. CC Ziebarth, Das griick. VtnimmHsm,
p. 64.
01 trvnfiiwnt hr\ ^utxit(k\ffnr I l^fAiBwuurva XcdMro, K^^XH* I l^"^'
Xidfcro, Uptvt, I ^t^tfinxos UparSkeu \\ 2<d«icnv UparSKa, | Aa/iotcparU^ Evdofuda, 5
fiSivot, I TifMofMOS Acyioorpcfirov, ytpotwU^s^ | 'Apurro^icn;; ^Apumiuvt^S^
9^{o)pof. I ♦iX^gr/wrw 2mKfi6r99ff m^io^vXa^. || ^ofOKpAnft AtmrnkHtSf yiwtuKO- 10
[Wjpiof . I UparSKm At^ifiaxov. | AofutKp^mjs *AfHa[ro}f[paTOki^ Kapv(, | ElKpAnis
aSapusT^, I B^fai/HMrXjyt (EvdaifMcX^oc), bMa[K\aXogf nsrh p6fioif» t Aoyioiyrfnyf
{AafMcp6r9ot)^ ipXVtKrmif. \ Uwfrutkffg 2m<nMf^6inat\ yXvf«iSt. | Aofump^n^
•.C » Digitized by GoOglC
34 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
^Ofioxopuros, Kara v6iMm,
npardp u tog f£ IIfp<^aff, ickmaras, | 'ImrofjJ^p
35 Nucaydpov (frc)uiyuiff. | Nucoickijs tx TvMpovSf ^tXivoirou^ff. || *Apdp6ptKot NcJotHcXcofy
KoBaprrit. \ ZijKtoTOS ix HfOfnifiSat, ypofionvs, | Aofuinroff 'A'yo^oicXebr, paywt. |
30 ^riiftame <ftoi0ida, awrypidboTar. | Nuc[^]^por /y Ac^ioarpcrrov, inniprng. || Aofuucpdr
rrfs AvcTifnrov, vdpoxpt, \ Eifravr c£ 'Apiaroicpmos, aproKiAiros, \ KktAla Kvplas
'AKOfiaprUu, orf^ap^ttXif. | ^iXi^dOfux ^( E^^i^cor, ftdytpot, | AiokXt^ Kvpm
KaXXi<r^W, afparw.
Forms of letters A0nZ<t^Yn : slight apices. L. i HIKOK/ OZ.
L. 2 end. II*^. The copy of Conze-Michaelis {Afmalt\ 1861, 39) gave
sUi€KTa ; hence Meister {ap, CoUitz-Bechtel, ad loc.) conjectured
Uptui, though the other editors marked no gap after Stdcxro, and this is
confirmed by my reading. L. 6 Bl A YOZ is certain. L. 7 TE '0 YHI /«
is plain, confirming Meister's conjecture: previous editors have read
IEPEYZ,TE.OIEandr..OIZ. L.8 APirToMENI. Ac<l OPOZ:
the second word is certainly ^Apurrofuw^, not *Apurro/uvtof (Mtillensiefen
and Collitz-Bechtel after Dressel-Milchhoefer) : the fourth letter firom the
end seems to me to be XI rather than 0. L. 9 ZXlKl ATCOZ appears
on the stone, bearing out Meister^s conjecture z«Kparf(«: 2wr\typ6rmt
(Le Bas-Foucart 163 a) is certainly wrong. L. 10 I read, with Foucart,
rVNAIKO . . MOZ. L. 14 Nil OMOZ: the conjecture Ni<c«iw, due to
Keil, is supported by my reading. L.16 NIKu/AA <0YKI0APIZTAZ.
L. 20 0IAX1NIAAE has been engraved on the stone by error: the
reading KappfowUtat is certain, as also £iaitoxdpurot in the following line.
L.23 rCIANIAZ is a false spelling for iroioi^. L.24 yiAINOnOIOZ
is quite distinct L. 29 Nl KM0OPOZ : the fourth letter has never been
H, nor has it been corrected to A ; the outer lines are strictly vertical,
unlike those of the M elsewhere employed in the inscription, showing
that the lapidary began the letter aright and then finished it by error
as an M. L. 30 TTAPOXOZ. The last letter is quite distinct
Between lines 32 and 33 is a vacant space of one line. L. 34
A<t»ATEIN. A<t»APEIN was n»id by Welcker-Henzen {BuU, dell'
Ins/. 1844, 145) and by Vischer {Inscr. Spar/. VIII. p. 16): the latter,
however, adds a note ' aiianun p minus cerhtm mihi visum est!
204. On a massive stele of bluish marble inscribed in front and on
the right side. Height 1*95; breaddi •90; thickness .18. The stele
originally had a projectmg portion on the r., but this has been
cut off, carrying with it the 1. hand portion of the second in-
scription.
CJ.G. 1141. CC Martha, Bulk Corr. HtU. t p. 383, note t.
In front : —
^KyoBw^t 2ni)mv \ dtcfitrrit Aiprntcnf M IIa|<njcyidrovf, Imrdpx ag M
5 Zt|dfiera, imfUKrfrijs irSKtof \\ M *iovKlov Xapt^dvov, ayopa\p6fios itA ^tnifiou^
7cpov|(raiff cirl ^ApurrofiavXov, pofu\<l>vka( M 'A^Air^rou, | o9 «al ImrapXQvifn^
10 ml II ayoptofOfjMvwns md^lpn^ow rj inSXtt 6 6€i6ra\rot Avroicpdrmp *Adpuaf6fj \
H [l]0opoff iftl 'Amffov, I [^rl ^Aptffr^ucOa ytpwatas r^ p, || [%)l 'AXnbrov
Digiti
ized by Google
INSCRIPTIONS 35
MMi(fifUiTC^) /SovXof. I [*^](^)opoi eirl Ta{tav) 'lovXiov | [E]Miimf, &r nptafivs I
f A^»d^)6ivueoff ScvoKpoTvuff, f 'lovXiof 'AXc^, || Il6{ir\tos) Mc/ifuoff ^kOfbifnity \ ao
IId(irXioff) AlXiof ^OvifO'UliOfMtf \ Tvxtmnt Uaauikfovt, \
*Eft)op{oi) M Ka0'{<rlov) 'AptororAovf, lof vp{€afivt) | KoXXcicpari/f (KoXXi-
KpArovs) fiauay6t, || ^iXoxX^s (^iXoxXcovr) MMi(a«»M) nil Av«nfi(<ix^) m&(o'tf)^ | 25
N«p0viof NVoff, I U6{wkuHi) Atk{tog) Nucapipidas Pm{ay^\ \ ['A>roXX«nor
*Epairrou. | No^io^vXaicft &r wp{tir0w) || Topyimw KXco^ovXov^ | Nunjf^pof *Apccrro- 30
0jv(Xov) /3oi;(ay(kV 1 DacruX^ff KaXXMpd(niw) /3ov(a)^), | n6U\tos) M(€fifuof)
n«puEX^ /3ov(ayiSr)y | IIi(ir(jcioc) XpwF&ytmts {Xpvavy^nv) vt dkf(pos).
On the side : —
— — okX^ (— — o«Xffovf) TOW I [^i^oKpArous I — — Mog Koi vtnp\ — — |or
^afun[i}\ [di](a)/3fr7ff Ai|[^u>o]tW cirl *AfH\[aToyparws, f [ayw^i^^r I [^H 5
{^yrydXtfw Ov|(/xiyi(»]ir M IIpcnro|[Xdov Of -Mffov, yo]fbio^Xaf j|[irl Aio]ru(r/oi;, 10
yf[potfai}w Ari K£ii<ra|[poff, fj^/xw Arl || [Aviri ?](v)irov. | s EvKpUfov{s), \ 15
[ypafifk]aro^vXii£ | [M — — — ]or, /Stdcos M I [vorpovyfiov AveSnrov || [rov ^1X0]- 20
XcyxovVy xpco|[^vXiiig ?] M irarpoyd|[/«ov] (M)cfifuov Uun;, | — — — /iri irarpow(|[fu>v
r(ot(9v) *Ioi;](XV(iv £^/n;«X«||[ovff, yfpjoMruu orl fra|[rpoi^]fftov Zfiir^/ilfirov ro]v 25
KXciiroc, I [(Tv^dMAy M | [waTpo]ff6fuiv ZftrccKfkJov, li^opof | [M irajrpow^^ 30
Ti/3(cf»uw) I [KXa]i;(du>v) 'ApumPaukov.
Forms of letters
A e H H 2 A (twice in coL H) O O Q TT 5^ E 0.
The free use of ligatures and contractions is a feature of this inscription.
Column I. L. 3 The true reading is iMicra as in Fourmont's
copy, not Xfidcxra as in Boeckh's transcription^. L. 4 inSXcoff, not
w6ktms. L. 23 Fourmont read APIZT0EA5Z; the stone shows
APIZTCTEaSZ, TE being in ligature. L. 31 Fourmont's copy
shows APIZTO, Boeckh's transcription 'Apuru{Pw\ov\, The true read-
ing is APIZTOB5b5, L e. 'Apicmo^^Xov) Pov{aYw).
Among minor points it may be noticed that in 1. 8 the stone
has 0YAA2E, not <MAAZ; in L 10 EHEAH, not EOIAH;
in L 32 fc, not R:; and in L 34 XPYZOrONOZ5 NEn"E, not
XPYZOrONOZNEXlE,
Cohimn II. L. i The true reading is OKAHZ, not OKHZ (see
footnote). L. 13 Boeckh. Kaura ... I think there can be little doubt
that we should restore KaUn{pos] here and in Na 874; from Le Bas-
Foacart 286 b we know that Hadrian accepted the tide of eponymous
patronomos for a year. L. ai I restore xpio[^a(]: cf. Dareste, JBuli.
Corr. HtU. vL 241 foil, where evidence is cited for the existence of
xpw^iokwaa at Aezani, Ancyra, Aphrodisias, Chios, Philadelphia, Smyrna,
Kos, Knossos, and Jerusalem. To this list must be added Nacolea in
Phrygia {CJ.G. 3847 b) and Amorgos {ByU. Carr. Hell, xii. 232). The
Xpto^vXcbtuw was an archive (cf. the terms apxnow^ ypaf^utn^XaKu»y ftc.,
o^. Dareste, loc. cit) for the deposit of private contracts and judicial
^ This error and that in CoL II, L x, were pobted oat by Martha (BuiL Corr,
HdL L 38a, n« I) : ' H y a pen de fuites dans la copie de Foormont : Boeckh lea a
d'aiUenn conigm. Anz lignei 5 et 4 on lit snr le marbre Si)l«r«, comme Ta copi^
Fourmont, et non SffiM^ro, comme Ta corrig^ Boeckh. A la ligne x de la teconde
ooloone on lit Mt^^, et non emyt .*
©a Digitized by Google
36 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
decisions. The spelling with o is much commoner than that with •:
e.g. in the CJ,G. the foimer occurs fifteen, the latter three times,
though Boeckh has in all cases corrected the x/mo- forms. Cf. xpcmkntmi,
Xp9mKotrim, xS^ohiri^, ;fpMiXvrf<», &C. L. 24 Boeckh writes (IL 23-25) hr\
vQTpciif6\jiMv E^^NMi^<[aMK>ff ? vtl BvpvKXi[oiw? | ytpjotNTJor. To this there are
several objections: (i) Fourmont's text gives \IOY at the beginning of
1. 24 ; (2) six or seven letters are wanting between the end of 1. 23 and
the first preserved letters of 1. 24 ; (3) the name Sv/nMXc«r does not,
I believe, enst elsewhere (see below). The restoration M irarpoi^|[|iov
r. 'lcn;](xyov Ev/»vjtXc|[oiw, ytp^nnnas fulfils the required conditions. LI. 26,
27 Bdeckh's restoration s«(fr<Sfi[«t>v roC | Ev^jujcXcWo^ is too long for the
space ; and there is no evidence for the name Ev^jcXcar. The article is
indispensable, and cannot be omitted. 2cMrtff{ffov ro^ KX/«i«r seems the
most probable conjecture, and the name KXc<Mr is a common one in
Laconia (Nos. 206, 1. 20, 206, 1. 46 ; CoUitz-Bechtel 44S99 4472> 4473)*
LI. 28, 29 Boeckh reads [crvjvdiicwr M, [ro^r] v^iuovt M [innyi.] . . . ov : on
the difficulties of this restoration it is unnecessary to insist For the
eponymous patronomos Xc/rtifiof (i.e. ec^nfM^) cf. coL I, 1. 6: in all
likelihood the *Apurr6^\os of col. 1, 1. 7 is identical with the Ti^. KXav.
*hpurr6Pmtkos of COl. II, L 32.
205. On a large stele of greyish marble, with pediment and with
projection below for insertion in a socket Height 1*28 ; breadth -68 ;
thickness •22. At the top is a hole filled with lead.
Comtx-Bechtel 4445.
Tam&pun M KdkkucpSrwg* | rTiftjoffpanyr AofMOKpArtos, \ [N]iic^<r]rparDt
5 dJUMws, J r^ijX^^ffvoff ElaiAtpUvot* \\ ['AJp^^unrM AafumpanJlt\ | [uyurUrofOf Hoin-
[kkw]. I [N]cKo«pan^ SiiriffAirov} | [e^tot Aw(twUia. \ [Ajifuwwot Eva^p/da. ||
10 [ByUkmrog Bcidiinrov. | [NJ^jcX^f Evrvx^ | ['AJpicrroicX^ (^Apitrrwck€os). \ [Ajofio-
15 Kpanfi ^Affipoduriau. | ^iXiinrw Kakkurrpanv, \\ [KJoXXuporidctf {KaKKucparUkk), |
'Aytfalpucot Aaxiptot, \ Alfivg E^/3dEXicfor. | Srpdrttr Xrpdrmng, | ^Apxfl^aiias
ao*Aya^KXcb]ff. || KXcttV KaXXMpmor. | BiAor NueMpov. | Aa/t^firft "Apx^POfA
as *ApurrAdafUif 2q[/A]u^];(o[t;]. | TtfioKp6rqt A(oyiMrod^p[oi;]. || ^iXoxXcidoff Kapirou. |
AafiOKKfjg 'ApioTOKpArtat, \ [x]fMMeXi}f Awriftdxpv, | [AJuiWdar Awn^i^ov, \ [*A^i9-
30 (nnrosEiHUfyikou, || [Xjopiyof ropy«Sda | [Kkyipudias" Ayiov, \ [Acijyoxpan^ff Acuo-
55 K^^o£. I [NimJXqs 'ApMrTOfMMOff. I — — ««irw 2rfpUnrov» || ^/[Xijirwoff | 2m<riKpmog, |
40 'UpoKkfjg (Upickm). I [x]odpt^w I [*A]ya^o«X^[fl \\ . . , Idas Ai^ir«u?]. | 'A[>f£a]r
45 A€VKTpJ[dba\, \ M[a]iT»(* | ^x^P"!* T«f(rafi[cyoi;j. j TpaftfMar^vt]' \\ *ApitrTOKKrjt I
50 ««XoiPiJtida. I KapvKcr* | [Aa]^ioicpin^, | E^fAlrpof. || A^X[i7r]<b* AafWM([p[a]|rid[aff]
55 Aafi[o]ieparfor. | Utuavltu' | 'Apc^rAar, | [E{td]afdda£. \\ [T^y Cijir 0cpwr | ^Ayt,-
rikfft. I KiKueriip* E€tK{vt\ \ 'Eir»yp[d]<^»r 2«MMKa[(J. | Moycipos* 'ApW. ||
60 'O^ffomMff* evp<ro[ff]. | BoXavrw* | Atorvetor.
Forms of letters A E O TT !C
Since the stone was last copied several letters have been lost,
especially at the 1. margin and the bottom 1. hand comer: the whole
surface of the stone is gradually disintegrating and small pieces are
failing off. Except that letters no longer existing on the stone are
enclosed in square brackets my text agrees with that of CoUitz-Bechtel,
save that in L 41 I read with Foucart AtvKrp{dda] in place of Acvicrpi[da],
there being abundance of room for three letters after the 1, and that in
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
INSCRIPTIONS 37
L 55 I read r^ 0)9 f^pm^ with Coiue-Michaelis (cf. No. 207, 1. 51)
in place of u)» t^pmw. In 1. 40 there is space for three, or possibly four,
letters before Itas and for three after Aa^ : A^^rwipof ], suggested by
Foacart, is, I think, too long a name for the space. L. 51 AAMKPATEOZ
has been written m error, as ETTirP0XlN in 1. 58.
206. On a stele of white marble, with pediment; at the foot a pro-
jection for insertion in a socket. Height '75; breadth •4a; thickness
-15. At the top is a circular hole.
Collitz-Bechtel 4446.
TaufiptoL I [rjirl *AptaTOfJMxou* I [*A/iurr](Jda^off *A/>urroicXcida. | [AafilpKp6!nfs
Aa/tUnnf, || ^iXcWporoff 4iXtty/da. ] Nucao'nnroff 'AyrcdXiecoff. | Nucoydpidar E^- 5
kk^ida. I ^iXokX^. | KoXXcrfXiyr. || T6pymiro9 Topyimtog. | IlbXiMcX^ Ttrap- lo
TMiPOf, I Hocridnnnw Focov. | SM»ir 'AXjc/inrov. | IIoXvMJQOf IloXXai. || 'ApurrdKpiros ij>
XfvooTpArov, I AafioffX^f SimmScu | KX/nydpos 'Akica/Uviog, \ Xapi^pot, \ *Apurr6^
iapos NucokK^os. || noKvpuait 'Ayi/crdnrot/. | Tifioyopos Aaarpari^, \ Mwtwdpos, | ao
Ilpar6iHKot. I Ac(iMKO« 'OMuriitXcida. || Kpattas Tifuey6pou, | 'A^imMcXcidiiff 35
*Aptarodd/uv, \ ^Iknw 'Avdpia. | HoXvitXtiAoff 'Aydpio. | [Sjidccro^ Aouciinr^. ||
X€M>^ayi}r(X«i'o^aMor). | Nucao-nnrof MtvtKpirtos, | Aoft^Xar ^iXo^'vov. | Nc<$Xa( $0
KoXXurpcnr^da. | [sjrpdrioff Soi^Mido. || ['AJpiirrddMOr 'ApunoKplrov. | 'ApuntMcX^r 35
IIoXvoTpar^. | [ A]f>(0Ta9d/Mff UoKvatPtidcu | nponSyueos ^apoifudiifu \ 'OMiirai^
j^poff Tif«oyffyf[off]. || KnXXuepon;* Evidfujv, \ TipSkas T^^, | Topy&s KuyMtdo. I 4<>
ropymritf 'Afipicu | 'Aptar6dafiot 9i€Pox&p*t{f\ || Tpafi/Aomt' | KXf «r c£ 'Ayi^raff. | 45
Ki^Kfr* I Uparifucos *EinaTp6TOVy | Eid^pos (E^a^pov). || nauufUu' \ *ApiarS- 50
Xap, I npardwucof Awnpdxov. \ M(d)rrtr | Itxipnt Ti<rap/tvov, || A^XiTroff* | Aa- 55
fiOKparidag Aa/ioKp(Sr€o[f]. | Zio^dpor* | nXoimw /( "ElpvPaPtura-as, | 'Etnyptuf)wy ||
ZWitfor. I KooKi^p* I 'Ay»rcX}7£. | 2K$cl>ar6potr \ hiopwnog. || Mi(y«poff- | 'AiroXXd- ^
a-»poff. ^
Writing neat and careful, with small, well-formed (^es. Forms
of letters A EMZTTZ- Date : first century b. c.
My text agrees with that of CoUitz-Bechtel, save that a few letters
have been destroyed since Blondel's squeeze was made on which Foucart's
text (Le Bas-Foucart 163 d) rests.
L. 4 we can read either [Aofijocpdn^ff (Foucart) or [^iXjoicpdn^r
(Conze-Michaelis). L. 17 the reading KX/andpor is certain. HXmdpos
'AXjEafimoff occurs again in No. 242 and in CoUitz-Bechtel 4449, L 18.
L. 4s TopyAf is a shortened form of FopyAnas (1. 43): the reading
is certain. In 1. 49 Conze-Michaelis righdy read Evap^pot (Evaptpw):
Foucart, followed by Collitz-Bechtel, omits the patronymic. L. 53
MANTIS.
207. On a stele <^ grejdsh marble, with pediment Height '95;
breadth '50; thickness -15. At the top are three circular holes. The
stele was found according to one account in the lower part of the town
near the Eurotas, according to another in Magoula.
CoUitz-Becbtel 4444 ; Michel 991.
ToiMSpioft M ' KpvrroKpmtjbar \ Kkt6pAXP>^ 2tipa9fyida, \ Tipmv Stv^omv. |
UokMiiMn UoKvarpiinv. || 2fnf^taw Si^pcnrov. | 'kpumKp6Tffu \ TtpM» Ti^io* 5
cXcof. j *Aptawf^ ^ApurroKkMoe. \ KflXXiifdar Eddm^iorvXcof. || luropimn lo
24mv. I KoXXiodaf KaXXutponof. | KoXXMcpdnyr Elffuiikmms. \ 'Apurridag KXco-
Digiti
ized by Google
38 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
15 iofMov. I ^Aparof At^txpArtog, || Xatp^fimw KaXXcvuccop. | *Afiitbnmn9 AofiOKpar
rcof. I *Afdapm *ApurrwiKov, \ Kpanar^kas ^ApurrSka, | Zr^^avof 2rc0aM»-
20 cXm. II Nocoydpor IlairrofcXm. | IfucSdapos fiuclcu \ *ApttrrokKrft ^cXca. | S7-
35 ptmvot Evfrnw. | Sivofurof ' Apurro^apov. \\ QparAas ^Aptaroripav, \ UparinKfK
30 KoXXuc/Nircoff. | ZixX^r Z^m/p/do. | TtpoKkfjs KXJturof, \ ^Ayir 2rpari0v. || Mwtrmw
Mvaavtpartot, | Sr<»y Mpacucpartot, ] Aa/xcac Nue^. | *Apurr6paxos nao'cicX[cbr]. I
35 KpatMpanis *AJf^popa{€os], j| Aofuiyijrot Ti/UNiparf[of]. | *Upapxos *Apxiinr€v. |
40 *ik6(l>pw Zocdo. I *AXict<rocda£ 'linrod^ov]. | 'OXv/wuidaf *OXi;fiiruid[a]. || Nuco-
fiiT^ Nuria. I 'AyfipMW U^puckiot. | ^iXocX^r Tipo^mv» \ Tapas TipSka, |
45 KapvKitr II ^Apxlrag 'ApcoroicXm, j KXf^nifior KXi^opof. | Maynt^ | ^Aperimrof
50 Avo-Zinrov. I A^Xijrdf* * Apurr^Hiaptii, || Tpapparm' KX^wcor. | T6v ^ly <f>9pmir'
'EifSaipUuf. I *Eirry/Ni^r* Evoficpoff. j Koia«ri}p* Eil^cof. | McSynpoT KnycrK^v.
Forms of letters A ETTZ(t) ; veiy slight tf/ir«i'.
The only difficulty in the text is the question whether the names
'ApurMapot and KX^micof in 11. 49, 50 are followed by the sign denoting
that their fathers bore the same names. Conze-Michaelis, followed by
CoUitz-Bechtel, repeat the names : Foucart, widi whom I agree, saw no
trace of the sign of repetition.
208. On a cylindrical shaft of bluish marble, with slight indications
of fluting. Height '94 ; diameter '^S, Broken at top and bottom ; the
inscription, however, is complete below.
Aaptas *Apapdwrov» j r^aimi) *IovXioff ^tXtpmv, j ^tKovp/tw^ ^tctnipUia, | Av-
5 aiKpanjf Aafmyorow. || Aap6wticos (Ai^fioWcov). | IloXvevrroff Atopvaiov, j Zfra/>-
10 rumjf Tt^tdapav, \ "Evdaipamnp EvKTtipopof. | *Apci«r Evry^ov. || NueoicXifs
KXcoivDff. I M{apKO£) OCfXfrior ^AffMptiros. | Sirordoirococ* | fftiKapttp *Ap€iwoty |
15 £kapi6mKOS (Ao^iopdcov), || Sr<{(fvo£ 4iXc/>ttrof. | Acoiraff, liiiip6tno£.
Forms of letters AEOXZZ (once C) (t>Xl; slight apices.
209. On a cylindrical shaft of bluish marble. Height *9i ; diameter
.36.
— [Ajffiftfixov r^ P \ [*I<r]ox/n«r<n» j - — [KaXjXucpaWda |
«iXa[ffX]«in;(ff).
Forms of letters AA€EM2^4>: the fonn of f + is especially
to be noted. The surface of the stone is much damaged, and of the rest
of the inscription nothing remains except traces of a Y over the £ of 1. i.
Owing to a fault in the stone the x of 1* ^ ^^ written a little above the
line : the ov following it was twice written, once in the same horizontal
line as Acfi^, the second time continuing the upward direction of the ax*
210. On a stele of bhiish marble, cut into three blocks for building
purposes. Height ^yd; breadth -6; duckness *i5.
Le Bat-Foncart 173 a.
rcpoiTfff [nrjl r((uov) *Ioi;(Xm>v) «cXoKXida, &(ir) | npttrfivf Ato[^]7r
Nuua r6 c'. | T^fi€ptos\ KXavdcor Nii{cfnri]da( v6s {HuuinrUia) r6 ^, \ *ApiaTOfUtnis
5 ["Eirjcinr^rov ri y\ || Apum»uddt{t EJurv^*^ ^ 7* | AofUNyian^ff <^iXcp]aiTW
tA y, I TpQHOg Tpc{plo\j r6 y\ I 2w»bpog Tc[fi]»ror ri y, | NucoKpdnig
10 [NmcJo^owXow t6 y\ \\ 'Apun^jSios 'A{pia]roPlov. \ 'Ayuibat An^oiepjar/da r6 y, I
*ApurroieX7r [KaX]Xiic^M(rovff ro 0'. | Ti(i3€/>M>9) KXavdftor AJjJMKpdnjs rA /S' ?]. j
Digiti
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INSCRIPTIONS 39
|AiT&Xo« 'Arf«i|W (Zcvf X^irriii ««(<nff)]. J Ti{fi^piot) KkaCdios 'A^pfM^ueos t* /T. | 15
*AXM$ifiaxp9 [l^fiiplxou t6 a . | "AXaums Tfi^Y^jprnn; r^ /9^. | Ti^uMtXiTf e[ro]S^pou
rd/9^. I SttMcXidaff K[Xc]anrvfiov. || XdXcvos XiiA[^Ju *£n;fuiFr«i^ Ka{(ns). \ 'UpoKktjs 30
'l4po]cX«Dvf *Znfuan[ia^ muns], \ NutW TfT[<vr]i«»off. ] ['itpjoicX^ff A[*f]*"''"w- I
['A|p«r}roKXi9[ff Ka]XXucparovc v^og). || [ypafi/i]orf[«' r(aibff) *l]ov(Xiof ) UttXXUMf 15
*Pov^v), I (a)r ( ^). Mdytfios t6 y' | Map(m) •Eiro^pddiTw.
Forms of letters AEMZ^5^E : the writing is elaborate,
with marked {^es.
The only material points in which my copy differs from Foucart's
are 1. 19, where the stone shows S^xXidof, not Z«mcXc£W, and L 26,
where I read A ^^ |c before fuiyipof, with the consequent correction
ypaftpar^tg] (L 2^) for ypaftiunJ{y9\ In 1. 14 I read iLkl^tHilUI :
FoQcarfs copy shows XOYZ For the phrase r^ dciM nicnr see
p. ao, § 27 : Zffv^cwiroff occurs only here as the name of an eponymous
patronomus.
SIL On a fragment of a slab of white marble; the top and 1.
hand edges are preserved Height -37; breadth ^gS; thickness aS.
Mutha, BulL Corr. Hell L 380, No. 3.
Ttpoms M M{df>KOu) 0[^ir<ov] | 'A^A>r^, &r ir/{ccr^w] | ZiMriiroXtf
n<>d6fu{v\ I n«ur(8afiot Tm^kX^?] || (N<wX'](a£ A) (o) - . 5
Forms of letters AEGMZcf) : very slight ^^es.
In 1. I Martha restores c{lXwunHw], for which, however, there does
not seem to be sufficient room on the stone. The M. o^lXiriof 'A^yiiror
who occurs in No. 208, 1. iij is probably the same as the patronomus
of the present inscription. The restoration Ttifu{Kp6T€vt\ proposed by
Martha in L 4, is too long for the given space. In 1. 5 he reads
NP«I iA7-e"A-in: I seem to see a A after the Z> but between
that and the O all traces of letters have disappeared.
312. On a fragment of a stele of blmsh marble. Height as;
breadth -35; thickness ^oS. Complete on the 1.
Martha, Bull. Ccrr, SM, L 38a, No. 8 : a fragment of the longer inicriptioQ
a/.{?. 1248.
— - (f) 2fpcnr/«D[r]M | — diofof . . • . (io)i Aa^ II "" "?* Nutt)«X(5)[f] 5
(NucocXmiv). I «iXoMuc/daf «iX(/)[innn;]. | X/nftripms (X^cpa^rof). | MS(Hutg
Aa(^)[orpiirovf J. | 'A/MaT^a)[^ Nica — -] || 'Apun[6nfiot E^da^mcXffotw]. | 10
Forms of letters A X! : prominent aficet.
Fourmont's copy {CJ.G. 1248) omits altogether IL 3-5 and 11.
L.iriZiuiK.. L.5 i.HZNIKOKA' S. I,. 6 Boeckh had corrected
Fourmont's <MAnNIKIAA to «iX[o]i^da[ff]. L. xx ^ro
Digiti
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40 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
218. On a column shaft of bluish marble. The upper part is broken
off. Height -40; diameter -35.
Martha, Bull, Carr. ffelL i. 385, Na 13.
5 NcWy I Aafid/wv(ff o-)[vy]|c^jy/3or, irpr(7(i3)[vr] | wofto^XAiunf, || UpoOvrffs
cVrl I Sucia irarpai^fiov, | Nconr (N<4»90f) v2^ cnrov|do^/9o[$] ^
Forms of letters AEeMTTlEOiri: very slight apices.
Writing careM and regular, ^he sign at the end of 1. 8 seems merely
ornamental. Martha read fi^w] \ ^afAapo%{t] | Z^itfiosy ktX., but at
Sparta an ephebus could hold no magistracy at all, while Neon is head
of the college of fDfu>4»vXaic(r and has previously been UpoBvrrit: he
has, moreover, a son old enough to be a inropdo<l>6pos. On the stone
I see AAMAPOYJl*.
214. On a block of white marble, complete on the r. and 1.
Height -25; breadth -39; thickness -20.
Collitz-Bechtel 4457.
5 [ay]ofMiM$fuw cirl na<n|/iaxov. | Svvapx^* | ISXifPUcidag ISXifpuctot, || 'Apccr-
10 TOKparrjs | *ApurrovUov, | Uncriarparot | 'Apurrmfrov, | [Aa](fi)oviicid(v || ^'* —
Forms of letters A M Z^ ; slight apices.
Date: probably first century b.c.
L. 3 * 2YN APX das Wort ist abgektlrzt,' CoUitz-Bechtel. Though
indistinct, however, the last two letters of 2vpapxoi are certainly visible
on the stone. Foucart rightly read TUunarparot (1. 7) and 'Apurrinwov
(1. 8) as against the TcMr^poroc and 'Aptri . inroti of Conze-Michaeiis.
For the formula of the inscription compare No. 216.
216. On a block of white marble, broken on every side ; the inscrip-
tion, however, is complete above. Height -38; breadth •42; thickness
about •17.
Le Bas-FoQcart 168 a.
'lovKtos NfucJT^opos. | 9i^]opoi cirl AvKovpyov I [&y] irp(J<rpvs) 'Apun^
5 Tf«fu{f]. I . . (♦)vfM'*0£ *AyaOlc[s\. \\ [Ncjucoo-sinroff Ewjt/upou]. | - -
Forms of letters A E O TT X! ; apices marked.
Date : reign of the Antonines.
L. 4 Foucart reads «]ovprcor: but the letter before v, though
damaged, seems to me to be ^ rather than o, and I have, though not
without some hesitation, written . . («)vpMor, the two vacant spaces repre-
senting some praenomen, L. 5 [Ncjucairunroff is certain : Foucart reads
[Njucoo-iinrof.
In CJ.G. 1244 (11. 13-18) we have a second list of the ephors of this
year : [^'E^poi] M, AvKovpyov &y irptcrfivs | r«ifu>ff, | ^AyaSlas, |
rjt 3 2€idtKTa irwc^fj/SoSy | nnror Evi^/xcpov, | arrfs. Our
present inscription enables us to restore 11. 14, 15, and 17.
Digiti
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INSCRIPTIONS 41
216. On a grey marble stele, with pediment and acroteria. Height
•62; breadth -32; thickness 'O^,
CoUitz-Bechtel 445 a.
'AytiirlvuDos 2m\Kk€ida ^ifw(X)[i;]|r^ M AafMi^(c)or. Zvpop^M* || IloXvieX^f 5
Top^unrmf. | Aofuimof 'Afiojfi^rmf, j Ti/i^jcpcrof JC«||M»POf, | KaXXu^MTiys Av|iwi- xo
iw. I 4>iX<$fHnMnx *Ic|pdxov.
Forms of letters A E IT 2^ ; exaggerated aptces.
For the formula of the inscription compare No. 214.
Date; probablj ist century b.c.
217 A. On a stele of bluish marble with pediment. Complete on all
sides. Height -64 ; breadth *36 ; thickness ^op. Found in the field of
D. Matalas to the east of the Acropolis, outside the wall.
CollitzrBechtel 1379; Dittenbeiger * 48a ; Michel 31a.
*Evl ItptmSKov roc 'AinSXXttm roc *A|ffrioc OtMrov rov Sdkctvoff 'Aya|iero^or,
ypofiftarw dc roc /SovjXai ISXtMpov rov Aviucricou *A9a\\icropUot, ffpoftvafiovot dc 5
2flMra|rpov rov 2wrU»90s 'ApoKropUof, | jtcU avfmpOfunp6iwp *ApcoTay|df>ot; rov
^Apx^trrpdrcv Ovpptiav, \ *AXt(ifMxov rov KapdofUttMC Ai\\fipaloVy ^iXurrU^pos 10
rov Ac£<v|d(p)ov Marpondkiray fuii^ Kovpo|r/9<$frov Zbo^i roc /SovXac leai | roc jcocvoc
T&9 'hKopwavwf irpo{ffyovr| tf^ccy xol rvcpy^cv rov xocyov || r&v ^AKoppoywy koto 15
rir iN$fioy rd(/))|ycy 'AXttoftMOfy Aa^uu(rlda» 'Aj^jdpo^SovXov, Aaxapt ^Etnfparav
AcKf |dfic^owow, avrovf xol fxycSyow, | ical d/cry airoiff d<r0aXccay koX d\\av\iayy ao
Jtac iroXcfiov koI tlpoMos, | jcol ySr xal o2«cia£ tfytcnjiriP, koL \ r& ^Xa Wfcca ical
^ikavOpwira va»\ra wra laik rois S^fHs wpo^hfois | koL cvc/>yffrac£ rov icocyov tc^w
*A\^oap96tmv vtrapx^t* 2^
The letters are carefiiUy inscribed : the lines show a slight curvature.
Forms AAMXY.
Date : the second half of the third or first half of the second cen-
tury B. c. *
217 B. On a large stele of greyish marble, with pediment and acro-
teria : at Che foot is a projection for insertion in a socket. Height 1-15 ;
breadth •50; thickness •14.
Collits-Bechtel 4430; Vischer, InscripHmws SpariaaMt partim insditas VIII
. (Bale, 1853) No. I ; Michel 181. Cf. Swoboda, Griech. VolkshescklUssty
pp. 108, 141,
* HilMw nouja-apMinv Aofdmi^cs | rov 8f oxpirov 'Aftfip€UU&Ta mpi \ irpo^ias
Koi iwiKB6rros hri \ rt r^ avvapxlas Koi t6w da\]/io¥ jtal oiroXoyco-ofifvov A ^r 5
irciroc|[>;]«c^ff tfiXPt^'^'^ '^ '^'""'^ icocy^v ml | kot Ubiap rotr ivrvyxovowrw rw
«[o|Xirajry tbofy T&i dofttfc np6$€Vop | cificv rcis v6Kto£ Aapinya QeoKplrov ||
['A Ui/3/MUCi[o>]ray ical oMp kqI cyydvovr, I [xjal vwapx;iiv driXtuip ai/rAi r< jcal xo
€y\[y\ipois km yas ml oUlas th/KTriauf j [cI] o2(fe)occ(y) cX AaMbaifiovc 6 dc
cydo|(r)i)p eyb&rw orcSXay Xc^cvoy, tU d» [| amvYpaxftuara d MofUva fr/>o(ffyt(a^ | X5
&Hxrtdfi<rrrai tU ro Up6v rds 'KBdpat | Kurd trvyypai^y Sp xa yp&^ti 6 apxir^K-
rmf t6 dc <lydXttfia t6pr» ol raplair | iircupiotu di oMp koi cfrc roc cV||dafUac ao
jcal dwaarpo^at ai imrobptu | cy rdc irdXcc* feoXco-ayrtt dc a^r6y | Ka\ ol UpoBvrat
circ (ipta iiri rhv icoc|ycbr iariop.
» Michel—' a« moiti^ da nP a. av. J.-C ; Foucatt— « vert rannte aao ' ; Comt»—
< knrz nach aoo ▼. Chr.' ; DitteQberger^i67-X46 B. c*
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42 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Forms of letters AEOMTTZ.
Line 13 beginning. Vischer gives very hesitatingly OI^OIEXA*
Foncart reads OIKOIENEA remarking that the third and seventh letters
are doubtful, and that on the L one or possibly two letters are lost, so
that the restoration of [tt] otfKJo^rl A Aamdo^ion naturally suggests itself.
Meister {ap. Collitz-Bechtel) reads oJ[«]o[€«rtt'] A, but had he seen the
stone he would have recognized that Foucart is justified in regarding the
01 • OIE. as certain, and in maintaining that one or two letters are lost
at the beginning of the line K
Date: 221-220 b.c. (Foucart); after 188 b.c. (Swoboda).
218. On a stele of white marble with pediment and acroteria. Height
•72 ; breadth -33 ; thickness .04. Found in the field of Georgopoidos
at Magoula.
Collitz-Bechtel ^501 (pp. 41, 145) ; Bu/l. de P^ole Franfoiu ^Atkhus,
p. 57. A filciimilf of the inscription it given by Preger, AtJut^. MUUiL
xxii. 334-
^OpBuo d&poy Af jorrr^r MBff^ Poay6s fi^\'
5 /UMiy vueftaas \\ mi nidc hrc£Xa \ XajSd^y. fi^X'
Koi fi Icrrrfrc ira|n)/> tUrapiBiuHS | thrttru fiy^X'
Forms of letters AEOTTZ'f : aptces slight Between die first and
second pentameters is a vacant space of slightly less than two lines, pro-
bably intended for the insertion of a second hexameter. The sum total
of the numerical values represented by the letters amounts in each line
to/9^V, i.e. 2730.
219 + 501. Two adjoining pieces of a thin stele of white marble, vrith
incised pediment and acroteria. Height ^47 ; breadth -29 ; thickness -oj.
Complete except for the 1. hand upper comer.
ColliU-Bechtel 4500 (pp. 41, 145) ; BuU. de PJScaU Fr. etAthhus^ p. 57.
5 fAya^ '^IW I ♦/Xiyrop | ^Aijrtt | hrl irarpo||M(fMi ro^y^im* t» (Fop-
Forms of letters AETTZ<(>; slight aptces. Line i is inscribed on
No. 501, the rest on No. 219. The groove which held the iron sickle (?)
is almost complete.
Date: reign of Marcus Aurelius. A striking example of late
archaizing.
Written in ordinaiy Greek the inscription would run : *AyaB§ rv^js'
^tktfTos ^tkf/rov M varpovdfiov Vopyimrov tvv Topyunrov ¥iKff<ras JrcaiNiy(?)
220. On a stele with incised pediment, above which on the 1. is a
palm branch and part of the groove for the insertion of the sickle. Part
of the L edge is preserved. Height '55 ; breadth '40 ; thickness -05.
^ Meister appeals to Viachei^s facsimile where no letters are misang at the begmning,
though he quotes Vischer's opinion that the s|>ace before Awe^Sai/ion is saffident for
about ten letters, of whidi be tentatively gives eight.
Digiti
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INSCRIPTIONS 43
ColUtz-Bechtel 4499 (pp. 45, 145) ;. Wide, Lakomsche KuiU^ p. 326.
'Ayo^ I rvyg. | M(^»>p) A^p(i)Xiop) Ztv^tmrop 6 ic[al] | KXcamdpop ^tkoftowrm
2f||pc^ Acviriinridttv xal Tivdapcjd^, fiovayhp /uiotcx«ddofic|M»ir cr-} irorpoi^fuo 5
no(vXM») A2X/« I ^ofiOKparida rw 'AXicaydp^ (^|X(€/icb/» r» TUfia(n'& Ktii rwv ||
[^]fuiir frpoyrfM»y iutm, ^o[K|<i^]flyN>p «a} t^cwoTptdop, aJ[tt|Wtt] ayopap6iJMy 10
vX€Mrroi{<uctt | irapad}S^ koI aplarm 'EXXi^msf, | vfuotijap nurvfifxa^pw, [fiAap ? ||
Forms of letters X€eMZC(|)(U.
My text agrees with that of Preger (Collitz-Bechtel, p. 145), except
that I retain ff[a)l in 1. 3 and do not alter to «[«]. For the spelling Tiy-
9apida9 (1. 5) cf. No. 447 and Collitz-Bechtel 4552.
Date : reign of Marcus Anrelius or Commodus.
22L On a stele of white marble. Height -as; breadth '40; thickness
•04.
Collitx-Bechtel 4498 (pp. 40, 145). CH Wide, LaMoniscks KuUe^ p. 100.
— — — — — |of Mil Ncuc^^oplor of fituajfjiSpov | wuB&annp Kaa^jifpar^pw
* «iiX[«]||aip ^ApriftUk B<»p^f dv|c^miF M fraTpov6ii\cv Mdp{Kov) Avp(i7X(ov) 5
2m<nmiKm/ 1 rov Vtuo&pvpos ^i)[X](o)[ittu]|((riQp)[off leai ^iXoirarptAK].
Forms of letters XCSMCCU: workmanship careless. Above the
inscription to r. and L are the ends of the hollowed grooves in which
were fastened the sickles (?) dedicated to Artemis Orthia.
Date : reign of Marcos Am-elius or (Commodus.
Line 4. The last letter may be or (0 ; Preger adopts the former,
Fottcart the latter. Line 8 <J>« ^. Line 9 r ♦ P.
222. On a stele of white marble, broken on the L and below. Height
•45; breadth -22; thickness •08.
CoIlitB-Bechtel 4496. The Tcference to Hinchfeld't publication of this in-
scription should lead BuIL delf Inst. 1875, p. 169. Add H. Ton Prott,
L^ts Graecorum Sacroi, fasc I, No. 14.
- All ToXcrirf | — — — [«ii A^^Jo-if mi Aapoi^ j • in6
Tov mffo I ¥ fufi^i 6€w II ovd€ M€9^'\ [<V*]0*- 5
8«earif fJM | — — - — - dm¥ Spum» m | — — o HidaaicaKf dX | - — i
p6fiM JutXvft II - Tor Sprof tppt | - /3o, Kptat rplrw | 10
[xlpunf, Tvpav TO | - rpiytoftt rais di \ t rpuuMot ffot, ||
-* y dvo akffilTw I - •f rpiarfmL mnaf \ [♦XJomktww iw- 15
W'* I [i\t€m)€irap mi\ [xX^^) l^'W
Fonns of letters AESTTCXl.
For a discnssion of some of the points raised by this inscription see
Aih, MUtdl. 1904, p. 9 foll«
L. I. For Ztf^ TaXcr(ros see Wide, Lakon. KuUe^ p. 18, 216, 219
foil. L. 2. For kh^ia and hapola (La^) cf. /. G. iv. 1539, Le Bas-
Foacart 286 b, Hdt v. 82-87 (Aegina), Paasan. iL 32. 2 (Troezen),
Batmack, ^ud, L 64. L. 6. dp^^tdtKorla, the twenty-first of the month.
L. 8. Von Prott reads — y MmrmSX^ and conjectures haa]r^ & L. 17.
The first of Phloiasios: cf. Steph. Bys. s.v. ^Taovt' Aanimp^ tAv
fUfmt^ ha ♦Xuitfior nikowfur, and Hesych. *\v^mot' 6 'Epp^s. mI p^w m.
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44 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
L. i8 '^"•■•"NE. L. 19. ^iP'A. Von Prott conjectures rw
nap6\[rTo,] (U. 3, 4) ," ["X PXc)*"' « (L S) ; ♦«*'|[)3y] (U- 6, 7) ; ^X[<pirmp] (U. 8,
9); [ikSXXv]^ (1. II) ; Tvpov T6\[fto9] (U. 12, 13) avoi>\[i] - - (11. 16, 17).
228. On the front of an altar broken below. Height ^as; breadth
•22; thickness •16. The altar has a moulding above, on which is
inscribed 1. i. In the upper surface is a hollow in the form of a shallow
bowl. At the four comers are ornaments in relief, perhaps representing
birds' heads, whiTe at the back is a crescent in relief.
All (n^ioT^ I €vxffp.
Forms of letters €Ct^(0- The inscription is complete. Beneath
1. 2 is a leaf in relief.
224. On a fragment of a stele of white marble, broken on all sides.
Height '20; breadth '30; thickness a i.
Collitz-Bechtel 4439.
— — (<ra) vp{p) I — - — — «il mrMbtdTi rhs Kora^Uu] |
— — - — trfiora' *Apr€iurlou w a- — — — | — — — — [apxoyrts mupwav' circl
5 TOff ir<5X€o[ff] — — — — II — loal vfktt6vot,t oJ Spxovrts Oikot^Ttg — — |^_ — - —
ir/Ni]y/idr«»y r&v vfr^pxpopovt^tuf o — — — — j— — — — [r]ovff moipovyraff cV
bun^poit T«(y) - — — — |— — — — [di]d^p]a Koi <nf9ttriKaPi(rBai t»v ico[ftM»r
10 xp'lf^'''^^ " |- — — .- opy^f hf T«4 y vircdfi^, btAn -— — — 1|-.— — — [ovk
JXXav xW^ *^^«**> ? ^ wSkti di(or) I — — V dc ^c ca;<ray
^ | — -, — — ^toT — — — myr o(v)[r — —
Letters clearly and carefully cut: forms AAEG0TT; apices very
slight. Date : second or first century b.c.
My text agrees with Foucart's (i.e. Collitz-Bechtel) except in the
following points. L. i is omitted by F. I read :i/v\nPu above the or
icaofl. 2. L.7TjnF. TniM.N.T. L.9TniAYF. TXIIA-Y
M.N.T. L. lonOAIZA^F. nOAIZAI^" M.N.T. L. 12 MO
F. MOTM.N.T. wvAF. -NHZA^ M.N.T.
The restorations are due to Foucart except 1. 8 xp^parw and L 10
ovK SkXaPy suggested by Meister (op. Collitz-Bechtel). Foucart reads
Kora^las ^lyMraff] in 1. I, \^^rfffi\fTiuera in 1. 2 (where Meister conjectures
[rfXcJor/uira), and [04 ap^pwYtt in 1. 9. Meister proposes [xpiyJM^Mv in
L 6 but the yiuxrw is dear. Between 11 2 and 3 is a vacant space.
The document is too mutilated to allow of any restoration, but
from 1. 7 it would seem that it has to do with overdue debts to the
Treasury.
226. On a fragment of a massive stele of bluish marble, broken on all
sides. Height •so; breadth -34; thickness •18.
IvrP j-- cdof *ApcaTwi{off?. j IIa]((r)a^ri7f ([Ua^txpartoi^. \
5 i»v Ni«4«]« II Xfor AofUMcX^offl I [AafiFJoMXt&tv Aci^«) - - | Nofu>-
,0 *i5Xa[*V I - - ror . . . . »or I [KaXXX)«cpa[r]i^ 2 || [♦.Xrf](f)€i<of
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
INSCRIPTIONS 45
Letters very broad with marked a/flr«f : AE^iA.
L. lo - EN^'^'^^. Perhaps we may read [afK*opX« - -
in L I (cf. p. lo).
226. On a white marble stele with projecting cornice abore. Height
•35; breadth ^25; thickness *03.
Forms of letters AEO^iXX: inLitheYis written inside the
E, in 1. 3 the final I inside the 0* Above the inscription are two palm
branches, a wreath, and a leaf.
227. On a block of greyish marble. Height *37; breadth •4a;
thickness '^o.
Le Bas-Foncart 189 (?).
Forms of letters AESCXl. Above the inscription is a wreath
between two palm branches.
This is probably the inscription published in Le Bas-Foucart 189,
though the forms used there are OZ.
228. On a fragment of a circular base of greyish marble. Height ^32 ;
diameter -47.
Zawi *EXfv|^pMM *AM\rm¥ti90i | Zmt^/n.
F(mns of letters Ae40PN.
228 A. On a circular base of white marble. Height -so ; diameter •40.
Said to have been found to the north of modem Sparta at the foot of the
Acropolis hill.
Zawl I *EXcv^p/(M I 'Aitwiw/mh | 2tmjfH,
Forms of letters AE0CX1* On the 1. of the inscription is a palm
branch, (xi the r. a wreath^ branch, and another object, perhaps an ear
of com.
229. On the face of a block of white marble, consisting of a fluted
column cut vertically through the centre : broken at the top. Hdght -47 ;
diameter -ai.
[ZaA I *£X€v]|^/h|oi 'Av||r»|vW | 2«|r$/M. 5
Forms of letters AoQZCl). Below the inscription a leaf.
280. On the shaft of a column of greyish marble: height •71;
diameter •22. The column is fluted in the lower part of the inscribed
side.
CoUitz-Bechtel 4494: to the references there given add Caner*, 35.
[Z]cvl I 'EXcv^|/>M>i ml I *OXv/Kvi||oi *Awrwtl\voi 2»T^\pi, 5
Forms of letters X0Z(O : ligatures Ti and hE. Below are two
palm branches with a wreath between them.
Digiti
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46 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
2dL On a block of white stone. Height -36; breadth -as; thick-
ness 'IS.
5 Zapl 'E|Xfv^c|p£oi *Ay|nDyffr||KM ^rrfpi.
The letters are very carelessly incised: forms ABDCi^. Beneath
the inscription are a wreath and pahn branch.
282. On a block of white stone. Height -35; breadth .15; thick-
ness •13.
5 Z<»[q I '¥Xtv\6tpuH I *Am»||yff6w | 2«r9|pc.
Forms of letters A € 8 C (0 : very slight apices. Below the inscription
a palm branch.
238. On a block of bluish marble. Height '47 ; breadth •31 ; thick-
ness •oS.
Dressel-Milchhoelier, 438, No. 15 (t).
Zaw I *£Xcv^€piOi I *Ayr»iw/|poft Sttr^/M.
Forms of letters AEGCCO : apices slight Above the inscription is
a wreath between two palm branches ; below it, a leaf.
The inscription seems to be the same as that published by Dressel-
Milchhoefer, though they represent the final pi as forming a fifth line.
284. On a stele of bluish marble, with a projection at the foot for
insertion in a socket Height •48 ; breadth -28 ; thickness -16.
5 Zavl I 'EXcv^cjpiOi 'AvrttjiwiMH || Ivr^pi,
Forms of letters AEGCi^: apices slight Below the inscription
are two palm branches with a wreath between them.
286. On a rough block of greyish marble, with indications of fluting at
the back. Height •68 ; breadth •21 ; thickness -is. The surface is very
much worn.
Forms of letters A E H @ JX : apices slight Above the inscription
are a wreath and two palm branches, below is a leaf.
286. On a stele of white marble, broken at the top. Height •48 ;
breadth '22; thickness •13.
5 [Zav\ I 'E]Xev^|p(o< 'Ayr»\vfboi \\ Stti^pi.
Forms of letters AEG CXI. Below are two pahn branches and
a wreath.
287. On a stele of white stone, with projecting cornice. Height '^S >
breadth •22; thickness ao.
5 AirroKpa\ropw *A|dpiayov | KaUrapog || 2€mipos,
Forms of letters A O C (0.
288. On a fragment of a white marble stele. Height -28; breadth
.33 ; thickness -15. Part of the top and r. hand edges is preserved.
Digiti
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INSCRIPTIONS 47
C. Boiiian, Bull. ddV Inst. 1854, p. xanr; Maxtha, Bull. Carr. HtU. t 384,
No. I a.
— — — Tiy£ I "• — - ^oumfs I — — [A](oyy)€(ww tow | - — — (») rov ay&pos
tAt II - - [dyo»vo^](€)rai; iw /MydXoy | (M)Ap{icov) A»fp{fiktav) Ndpdov 5
Tov I [ypa^](a)rc«f dfj- ov \ -- — -
Letters thick and unskilfully cut. Fonns AEZXl: apices slight
The restorations are due to Martha^ except in 1. 3 vri 1 EINOY. In
L 4 Martha conjectures [rov luyUryw ay&pog and at the beginning of 1. 6
[EvfnmkMWp\,
289. On a cylindrical base of bluish marble. Height •4a ; dia-
meter ^aS.
AiroiepaTopos \ 'A{d)puttfov KaUrapos Ttfieumv \ 2nTijpos,
Forms of letters A E H ^^2*
The lapidary has written 'Arpwpov by error in L a.
240. On a cylindrical block of bluish marble, broken above. Height
•55; diameter ^ao.
A{roKp6\ropi Kaiirapi j *Afyuatf 2m\rfjpi.
Forms of letters ACQ).
24L On a fragment of a stele of bluish marble ; only the right edge is
preserved. Height *i5; breadth '40; thickness ^is.
Martha, Bull. Corr. ffell. L 383, No. 9.
. — - ol o-](rp)ar(iyol nil d ircSXir AaKtKu[powtMf €it>6pois xjol rai ir6Ku
Xoiptty fr66odop I [maiarafUvmw sr]ori rr riip fiovX[iaf mil rhf iyKkvf\[<riap — •« — rolv
AtawTos Ahrxpiu9os i{ov] AJcrxpHt"^* "" -"Ib^ww col €i^(ir<Cofi(c)i{«Ji' 5
ir«[pt] — — — — I — — {<^)x^ "^ *linro$pdtos rov ('linro^/Ni)[cof ,
Forms of letters A ^O O Z0X1 ; no apices.
The restorations in 11. i and 2 are due to Martha. L. i. Before
ol arparayoi there is room for a word of about ten letters ending in -«»y
(or -ay), giving the name of the state from which this letter comes. For
the formula cf. No. 262. L. 2 XAIPEIN; Martha gives XAI P. . .
L. 3 Martha restores votijfrdpMvof (?), as parallel to lpff>aiflC»p in 1. 5 (see
note ad loc.) : the construction, however, demands a genitive absolute.
I restore /3ovX[^y xal rhp f )acXi}[<r^] : Martha reads Povl^p .] kXij.
L. 4. The i{oO] after Alv^pwyosy omitted by Martha, is certain : he reads
. . . vXcbyrof, but we have plainly in the early part of the line a proper
name (containing about six letters) of which Acbyrov is the patronymic.
L. 5. The editor jmtes [vos ] vokirap ml ipn^vif^aii^ riuf ire ... .
The first word, however, is clearly the ethnic giving the state to which
the two persons referred to belonged, and must therefore be written
- - voXtror. The third word I read EN<t»ANIIoMEN . N, a hitherto
unknown use of the middle of ipn^C^^ 'to declare.' L. 6 Martha
reads BoiiKio(y)i rov On the stone I see
^XoYKAimno©PAEorToY» — ^^PA. *innoep6Sit stands for
'hnroSpdmis as ^Ovahikrft for 'OMicrircX^r (Le Bas-Foucait 283), Av2£cytdar
for Awn$t¥idas (No. 206), 2mnKos for IttaimKos (ibid.), pAd for /mmto, i.e. ftovoa
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48 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
(Nos. 218, 221)» Ac. The name ^imnffpamft is, I believe, anknown elai^
where, though 'hnrMptnis occurs in I.G. ii. 1454.
343. On a fragment of bluish marble ; onlj the upper and
edges are preserved. Height a? ; breadth '46; thickness •16.
Martha, SuH. Ccrr. Ifell. i. 380, No. 5.
iiX[5> CA)Mcrro) .
Forms of letters A n Z. The surface is much damaged.
L. 4 Martha reads Ao^ .. X .. ra .. <rr, but I can see no sign of
a T before the second A. My reading is AAM^KA . ZAPI^^^. ^^
KXcavd^ff 'AXituftoifof figures as Taufdptog in No. 306, 1. 17, and as ytpowrlas
in Collitz-Bechtel 4449, L 18. AofMcXifr 'Apurro-- is probably the
/laftokXTfg *ApiaTOKpaT9os of No. 306, 1. 26.
Date: first century b.c.
348. On a fragment of a herm. Height ^^s I breadth -29 ; thickness
•25. See p. 159.
Le Bat-Fovcait 175c; Drenel-Biilchhoder, p. 368, No. 158.
T^y wdpra ^purrow ml df(ioXoy^braroy) | 2fmrror ZIofiir{4]|Mr 'OwKria^n; H
5 (^OpaautpArovg), t6p davt[Kpi\\Tw [k]iu — .
Forms of letters ^CMZTTC : apicet very slight
Date : reign of Antoninus Pius or Marcus Aureiius. The same man
appears in a list of ayopai>6fioi (Le Bas-Foucart 168 b), and as dpx^^pi^ rw
2f/3aoT«y {CJ.G. 1357).
344. On a block of stone, with cornice above. Height •26 ; breadth
•19 ; thickness >!$, The top edge is preserved.
Conze-Michaelb, AnmUi deW inst. i86x, p. 45.
5 [Al]roKpJ[Top]\of I [Aia^uapov \ [K]a£(rapof H [2«t9](pXw ?]•
Forms of letters ARC ; the form of the p is specially noteworthy.
The final v and s of U. 3, 4 are written inside the preceding 0*8.
Conze-Michaelis read in L 2 MOCK, proposing the restoration Avnmpi-
Topot Kaiaapot Tpauawv *AdpuafQv 2€fi(aaT€v) itai A. AlX. Kalmipos xrX., and
remarking that ' il segno nel principio del v. 2 sembra essere omamentale.'
A closer examination of the stone shows that the K at the end of 1. 2 as
well as the >f at its beginning is a later addition unskilfully scratched on
the stone, and formed no part of the original inscription.
346. On a block of dark grey stone : complete above and on the L
Height •39; breadth -32; thickness -ii.
Le Bai-Foncart 183 b.
'Arr»irarp[off roO dtivog pv(rTa]\yw/^ aw6 e(c)[p<arv«y — ]\ arpartvaor
(fi)[fifO( Karii Iltpa&p],
Forms of letters AAEGTTZ.
The restoration is that proposed by Foucart, who suggesU that this
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INSCRIPTIONS 49
*Amrarpoff may be the father of the priestess KXm;. 'Ay^* ^Avmmrpov
(CoUitz-Bechtd 46i9)« The reference in 1. 3 is to Lucius Verus' cam-
paign against the Parthians in the early part of his reign, or to those
of Septimius Severus or Caracalla (Wolters, A/hm. Mitth, zzviii. 291 foil.)*
Compare the inscription published afresh and fully discussed by Wolters
(loc. cit.) Mopiroff Avpfjktog ''AX€fv9 Oitowog, arpaTtv(rdfupog latrh IItp<r&p^ lri|
fitmvat X' (Le Bas-Foucart 203 b): C.LG. 1253 SfiKOKkfjs Ww, ^mtAtnos^
^ri\fia\^v^U90s dlr itarh nf^«]v: CJ,G, I49g ^MCitApa^ x°^ cankBimf
dff c2ff T^ cvfyyc c rr rf nyy trvwiutxlaw ri^ «ir^ Ui^p^rWf nai hfap^p]^6iuws h
246. On a fragment of a massive stele of bluish marble; complete on
r. and L Height -43 ; breadth -57 ; thickness aS.
CJ.G, 1365, 11. 7-15 ; Ross, ArehaoL AufstUu^iL p. 658, No. 16 ; C. BanUn,
BuiL dilf Inst, 1854, p. zxxT.
— — ^yvhuHurlapxp"^ ^^ ^ ^ ^^ I ^^ow SsnurtP abrov iro|XrircvfUunv
fi^tyakotrp9W€l\as m1 r^ff cirl r§ dwnp^ yt^]fiwtunapxt^y ^ oMBtw \ ^ecmy, ^
JtarvpKpirmf mil | ianmtpPKjjrov frpOM>c|aff rt mil ^iXortifiiaff, t irpoo'dc^c^i/i^ff Tt&
Forms of letters AGTTZcf) : slight apices.
The inscription when complete ran : 'H irrfXtt I Sfffe(<rrov) Ilofi(ir4«ov)
SmiraXov | *AyaAiitXcow ^o|mi/(ropo mil ^iX^irarpiy, r^ || dW yvfmurlapxw 5
«al «a|rpofftf^ioir mil oImmop TvjfiMKr/apxvM', crX. . . • . || irpoa^(afuvri9 r6 1$
a^dXmiia rift V€iufin6ni9 \ mi 96m trpJmif yvwai\iA£ o^rov Alptjktas ZwpAs \ rTJs
M7. On a fragment of a bluish marble stele, complete on the L
Height -18; breadth '35; thickness -i*j.
Ta(rot) *Iov(Xio«) I VMjot) 'loi;(XiOff) KXrtf^oyrw. | 'AytMu 2wnmi{€V
or -/da]. I ^afMP€uUlk{t\
On the back of the stone is the inscription :
Forms of letters A E© M KiT^ : marked €^es. In L 2 the
WT are vritten in ligature, |T.
In L I only 1 Al v 1 I is left In 1. 4 the reading is probably
AaiumuM(t\ (An^ioi^iitilSa). On the reverse we have AfMO^iv^.j for
the htifi6vtM at Sparta cf. Nos. 208, 276.
248. On a fragment of a greyish marble stele, broken on all sides.
Height -65; breadth -55; thickness -22.
Murtha, Sttli. Corr. Htll i. 381, No. 7.
n^ (N«>cay(^]. I - - (0 •AyatfoA^oVw]. | - - ficp>«n,f
( [iv}STTOf) r(iU«»i) AiHrMfraN mf((ri()]. | \h Mm (rot? iwot)] E^/niicXfi
«d((atf). if dag *ApiaroKp6rm\t]. | s *AxaUov. \ [AfHJfrroicparris KofiiXXov. | 5
> Collitz-Bechtel ha^e omitted to notice the poblicatioii of this inscription in Ancuni
Gruk Inscri^ums in tkt Brit, Mm, ii. No. cxlii, and have cooscqnently retained the
nisCaken fom AoMiY^Ta. ^^
I.C. * Digitized by VjOOQ IC
50 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOQUE
'ApiWytcyiys {['Api}iT0fUPOw) E^pvcXtt [»S(<r«ffU | [ec?](S0iXoff KaXXw/Mir/da. |j
10 Al{(a)/iiMcX9( ([AJflvuMcXfouf) 6 koH *iX[o\cfiJtn^^gl \ ['Ojn;(r/^opof Eudo^udo. |
IjaHriPtos ([sjoNTi^tov) TfMrofMPflM [«i(<rir)]. | [f^jfUKOKpirffs Ntuoapxov. \ [«i]Xo-
The letters are large and inegular, and the apices very prominent.
Forms AgKOA.
The only points in which my text differs materially from that of
Martha are the following : in 1. i he reads ... i^ ... . ijcor . . . ; in
1. 9 . . 6<^os KoXXucp^Tovffl; and in L II [*oyifvtii^6fnn .... [naf]nda . . .
The readings given above m U. 9^ 11 are, however, certain.
249. On a block of bluish marble. Height -085 ; width •42 ; depth
•13. Complete above and on the 1.
^ttKparUitu Lou | AofUN^xirtff *Af — .
Forms of letters AMZ A : apices very slight.
260. On a fragment of a stele of bluish marble, complete only on the
r. Height -45; breadth "iS; thickness •09.
r ^ 1 1 n 1 1 — I — - (a)r fiov Xv | — - aXfuyouy | ow idras ||
Trfprfirav | — — ir6€uraif irP | — — «f T€ «ii to | — — omotNiKHrr | — — d^ mi
10 TwL. II — - {a)awrof avraiff | - — [a]wr6F afuro{p) \ tow wtfH 'Ap* I
J5- - {«)* Wirrar «(^)l[rl - - T-r tjf tA«J| - -- [inlir)fH,^ r{h) \
— — [rcJn/pijKCKU I — — [AfvjKovpytH jca | — — ttx*^ ^ *\o) | """(<*)" ""•
Forms of letters AEKZA ; slight a^es.
251. On a small rectangular base, with a moulding at top and bottom.
Height -20; breadth •34; thickness •21.
Collitz-Bechtel 4506.
*OXvfimxa \ AjtvKrpMaif ^[69] \ vartpa {jptaa.
Letters clear and well cut Forms AEHMIT-n..
For the title ifpnt given to the dead we have from Sparta this
example and two others — No. 688 and Le Bas-Foucart 203 e {Evddftou
252. On a base of white marble, with a moulding above and below.
See p. 159. Height -31 ; breadth •53 ; thickness -47.
Martha, ^ac//. Or. i5r«//.i. 385, Na 14; Dressel-MUchhoefer,p.374,No.i8i.
'Er/yovov ^iXmrr/Nirov | fit^tovltofv opdptias lre|jEcyy irpotrd€(a/Uptiw t6 \
5 <lr^X«|ia ^oifiimtfos Koi *£irt{|ieri7rov t&p adcX^v.
Writing very careful and regular. Forms of letters AEZnZ<|>.
Bnnfiopiiait was the title given to the boy who showed the greatest
power of endurance in the flagellation {dtofuurriywnt) at the altar of
Artemis Orthia. Cf. Hygin. Fad. 269: bomomcae, quia aris superposHt
contendebani, qta plura posset verbera susHnere, The title occurs also in
the honorary inscriptions CJ,G. 1364 b; Le Bas-Foucart 175 b.
Digiti
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INSCRIPTIONS 51
258. On a stele of bluish marble. Height -60; breadth i-oo;
thickness • 1 3. Complete.
Le BM-Foacart 179 a ; Yischer, Imeriptwm Sparttmoi VJIJ, No. 8, KUim
Schrifim, ii. p. 37, No. 36.
y c m yw y ro rpoyftdodp OdpoM|iida y waX Uvdta kcH "Aktui Ktii kou^ 'Airdtf || "7 5
di h SKff ri 'EXXiSdt xa2 Mcucf |dot^ ml efcrcraXif. ^ mI Kpi^r.
Fonns of letters AEGHZn. L. 5 mi L. 6 IPIET. Vischer
reads IIIET. Mj copy agrees with Foucart's except in L 5 where he
reads 1 1 1 in place of IH, and L 6 where he has rpuniputoCs.
Ovpamaia y (11. 3, 4) does not refer to the number of victories, but
ss OvptofMa rpaijp {CJ.G. 1 429 ytui^aoff waQimp vdXip Ov/NONdda rplnftf^
which Boeckh wrongly altered to Ovp6jna [/M>«i]Xa rphipi), Ovpmnas being
a term formed on the analogy of 'OXv/iir«St, and denoting an era. The
words Koi Kptfr^p added at the end of the inscription should probably
come at the end of 1. 4 mcMk *A<rias xal KfftfTw, L e. coiyA *Aaias tcai tmy6p
Kptfrmp. L. 6 That Til (340) is not an impossibly large number, as
Boeckh {C.LG, 1420, rp! portentosum esi) and Vischer thought, is
proved by the case of Theagenes of Thasos, who won 1,200 (Plut. Praec,
retpubLger. 15, p. 811 x) or 1.400 (Pausan. vi. 11. 5) victories. Vischer
himself later accepted this reading as correct {Kleme Sckrifien^ ii p. 39).
254. On a stele of dark grey marble. Height '50; breadth -96;
thickness 'lo.
Le Bas-Foncut 16 a g.
n^irXtoff) Mc/ifuor npor^lXof mu 0£oXotHro^|vi} 'OXv/itr/xa o(I Qc/Xif | i^r 5
vnXay imitjacaf || iK rmv Idltaip ^to(rKov\pots 2mrijpin,
Forms of letters A ETTZ^^ : apices marked.
Cf. C.LG. 1261 Ofotf I l^pvi Ato(rK6pois. I Tifiwnt M, no(flrX/ov)
Mf(fi^£ov) iLparokam) rov /u(tftdxov, ktK Foucart regards fTfiXav here as
a mis-spelling of nvXap; I think, with Conze-Michaelis, that it is more
probably a transliteration of the Latin /t'Ai {Annali, 1861, p. 47).
L. 3 Kiessling {ap, Conze-Michaelis, loc. cit) proposed to emend
Arcp 9U to ol UptU, There can be no doubt that OITEP stands on the
stone, but the difficulty of getdng a satisfactory sense fix>m Srr§p tU and
the fact that we know {CJ,G, 1340^ that in this family was vested
a hereditary priesthood of the Dioscuri lead me to regard the conjecture
as almost certain, m spite of Foucart's objection that ' il semble difficile
d'admettre que ol Upw puisse signifier que Pratolas <tait UfMvr, et sa
femme Voluss^na Ic/Mia.'
256. On the side of a rectangular block of grey marble. Height -09 ;
width -40 ; thickness '40. On the upper surface are two dowel-holes.
*Ap6taria | X"^-
Forms of letters A E O ZI : apices marked.
266. On a small stele, of which the r. hand top comer is broken off.
Height -34; breadth -30; thickness ^od.
X2 Digitized by CjOOQIC
52 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
^iXoCoa I x^^i I ^ /3i«»(ra|((r)a Ky\
Forms of letters AEC 0). In IL 3, 4 Bl CJCAEA has been engraved
in error.
257. See p. 159.
268. On a small stele of white marble. Height -so ; breadth -as ;
thickness -04.
Forms of letters ABZC (1) : apices slight.
268. On a small stele of white marble. Height -as; breadth .16;
thickness •04.
Forms of letters AEGZH-
260. On a stde of white marble. Height -aS ; breadth 36 ; thick-
ness 'Oa.
'AfMoim I X<^» I fii^o/ra Iny | «y'.
Forms of letters ACC U) : apices slight
'261. On a stele of white marble. Height .17 ; breadth -ag ; thickness
.03. The lower part (rf the stele is broken oflF, the lower half of 1. 3
being lost.
Mfjuwra I X^'iP'y I ^^ '^t^'
Forms of letters AEMC \JJ : slight apices.
262+408. On two adjoining fragments of a stele of greyish marble,
with pediment and acroteria. Broken at the foot and on the 1.
Height -50; breadth .40; thickness -14.
Martha, BuU. Corr, ffett. L 383. No. 10.
- - - Moray I [ypayi^iorc^ff cnW|[^«F? \n r6 tniunrop ml
5 ci|[«HFTAp? A](a)jccdacfiovW €<t>6pois l| [«al tm irrfXt* x^y^w' "W' *'*^«'
^pf\ r«* ipxtUn iv fivfiUmn \ ypa^M v/iIf t6 «ijT{|[ypa^r ?
10 - - ] KpArffS 2T*4>c[wmf] \ (^V «4ar(€XX€t ?] ||
Forms of letters A^Ml4>n; slight apices. No. 408 contains
11. I and 2, the rest is on No. 262.
The restorations are due to Martha except «2[ico(rr^v] in L 4 and (^)v
d«or(«X^"] Jn !• 9> ^**«re he reads €» . . and o]ir «iA t . . . respectively.
For another letter addressed to the ' ephors and city of the Lacedae-
monians ' see No. 241. There, as here, the name of the state by which
the letter is sent has been lost. If I am right in supposing that the latter
part of it is contained in what remains of 1. i, we may perhaps con-
jecture [Tfj^fOToir. [Opytaraw is not likely, since Thuc. (vi. 7) records the
destruction of Omeae by Argos in 416 b.c. L. 6 the Spartan ^fpopuw is
called dpxw9 in Plut. Agis 16.
Digiti
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INSCRIPTIONS 53
Ses. On a small stele of white marble, with pediment and acroteria.
Height •aS ; breadth -17 ; thickness '0*j. Complete except at the foot
'^m I X«P«i I ^ /W|[«nw -].
Forms of letters A € MCD. The form of the », with a veiy high
central stroke, is noteworthy.
264. On a stele of greyish marble, with pediment and acroteria.
Height -50; breadth -ag; thickness -14. The lower part of the stele,
being intended to be embedded in the ground, is almost wholly
unworked.
Le Bu-FoQcart 303 g.
Forms of letters AeCCJ : slight apices.
266. On a stele of white marble. Height •415; breadth -ao; thick-
ness -13.
Roehl, AiA€n. MUUU. i. 234, No. 7.
Forms of letters AEOM^. Date: probably fourth century b.c.
L. 3 MErAPPV--. The * of Br^Ww was at first omitted by the
lapidary and added later. The name ecyrtrof occurs at Aegosthena
(I^ Bas-Foucart 3, 1. ap) as a by-form of 6ciyyflr«»r, Qf. ECfytiror,
elftapof, efpvurroc, ecVifioc, all from the Megarid.
I. On a stele of white marble with pediment, complete only at the
top. Height -34 ; breadth -39 ; thickness •035*
Roehl, AthtH, MittHl. i. p. 254, No. 8.
oBtos Bou^iof X"V[*]*
Letters good, probably of the fourth oentury b.c. Forms AE O O C
Roehl reads XAIPE/.
267. On a fragment of a cylindrical bkxdt of bluish marble. Height
•36 ; breadth -44.
Mtitha, Bun, Corr, Hell. i. 386, No« 16.
Forms of letters A E!^ ; apices marked. To the 1. of IL 5, 6
are traces of letters written upside down.
1/
€k
k
266. On a small stele of greyish marble, with incised pediment and
aooceria. Heij^t ^sa; breadth •a3; thickness •046.
Digiti
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54 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Le Bas-FoQcait and; Kaibel 475 ; Komnanoades, 'A0lpmw, Hi. 484, No. i.
TfMit x^' Ka\fUiw iroXXi)v orpoir^v X^*'* '^^ I otffy&¥
Koi inSvrov (rrcvtror | wmjfi avx^ Kv/tara irXcvcrav, ||
m «w iMX mi n Tv^i? ^^ feaX&y | i^emiviit rt,
o^K tkafi§s X^]p^ ^'^ KOfUtrwv <rm¥, oud/ 1 at ytua
aij Konxft Zinlfpny, | iroX^ ^iXmroff, <SXX^ Kop^pfi |
jQ y9 <rf Kpani rvfifiois, t6 frc|frfM»ficM>v ov frpoi^vy69ra^
TtumLfAamfTa fi/6iKntt \ Ciawmi. XP^^'^'^ iv^anrw^
Forms of letters AeeMZCV())a).
Foucart reads vkwvai in L 4, but the N is certain — ^the word being
seemingly a confusion between vkwmu, and irXcvcrcur. At the beginning
of 1. 6 iicarbnit n is plain : Foucart reads c{. irov. irpoirdif (L l) = drpcnn^ir.
The inscription is the epitaph of a Spartan merchant who was
buried at Korone in Messenia, set up probably over a cenotaph in
Sparta.
268. On a fragment of a small column of bluish marble, broken at top
and bottom. Height -ga ; diameter •14.
Zfiaicv, S^/i/uKra (Athens, 189a), p. 14, Na 1 1, tepiintedfrom 'Mtp^ iit 1891.
<- — cboi] (t)dca I \jSamr6TiraiiTra ml atyiomui a^^) &\vaKwnrruA£ ok^ ftsp I
5 T^ iirurKxmijs 'AfuyjcX/ov \\ t6 dfm\i(p)p rov TtpaAov, diri di rov KpmnutriiKtof \
t{6) ayptdiiwfkav rrjs Aa^jrau jr(al) €( ayop{as) r(«)y B(Mtnwf[&9]' \ tig r^y oun^ir
10 TCfmBtavaM || x^pa^ (0 '^ ayptaiinttXa iktv\Btputaj Ufa cKrc>u7(nu) «{ Otia \
15 Xtvrovpyiti ht^ r/njal r$f fudo/i^dor tffupais, | dtvTtpav, rpirri K{til) 9r«/i||irrt & rt
rf poif ffol ^ I rf ra^ rov 6yUnf, {t)l dc | nt i^ai roXfu^(ret dircMFiraattt n cie
rtty tlptifUvtiv jcny/iara»y rov woov, ^x^ ^^* <V^ ^^'^ '^^ &to(l>6pt»p variptuf rmv
tv fiuudf, md iiuni r€v dfu^ciXov -h ]•
Forms of letters qpj ASeencrCUtCJY :& Q or O (= «iO-
The restoration above adopted is that proposed by Ziiirlw^ loc. dt
Orthographical errors are plentiful, especially the confusion between
o and « : thus we have auro for o^ (L 2), aimkunf for apuriku^ (L 5),
KfHiyovinSXcoff for -tm (I. 6), rA for rA (1. 7), roir for rw (1. 8) : *Afiiikk(ov
stands for 'AfivKXciov (1. 4), BpunHn[&p] (1. 8) for Bpvo'ftwr[«r]. In L ID
XB^ponfML is represented by the abbreviation XX.
The lands in question lay in the two dioceses of *A;ivicX<tov and
KopvoviroXiff (KpavovfroXif, 1. 6), both of which were in the archbishopric
of Aa«daifu>v£a, though the relations of the first named to the furrp&iroku
were very chequered (Zi^tov, loc. cit. pp. 16-18). Ttpapog (1. 5) may be
the founder or a member of the family from which the modem
village of Topdvoi (capital of the deme Phellias), situated on the eastern
slope of Taygetus, derives its name. The village of Bpwns^ whose
inhabitants were called Epva-wrai (1, 8), was given to George Gemistos
by Theodoros Palaiologos, and the grant was confirmed by the emperor
John Palaiologos.
270. On a fragment of a stele of greyish marble, broken on all sides.
Height •14; breadth -47; thickness •!$.
Tod, Bri/. School Anmta/, z. p. 76.
[*0]|3(a) Aifmi€«{F].
Letters good and regular, without trices A EM A.
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INSCRIPTIONS 55
STL On a liagment of white marble: the r. edge is preserved
Height •i6s; br^th '14; thickness -13.
iM --(?/>)«
V\AXOY --Miixw
-UN --(r„>
272. On a fragment of a circular base of white marble. Height -08 ;
breadth -075; thickness -16.
1/
HPAl ChH?)(^-^-*
KO" ICO--
278. On a fragment of a thin tablet of white marble, complete on the
r. Height »isi breadth -la; thickness •015.
C/.Z. iii Snppl., p. 1308, No. 7345.
SueNUN In 1- 3 the CJX. reads
dCf^PTAM /ERCEACVL, but the
/ CRCF ACUL stone gives p as fifth letter,
> BUSAD ^^d ^^ °>^st evidently read
K ISINUA ^^'^ facu][tatem^ vel sm»
ITIQAC 'Fortasse pars rescripti
** ■ ' ^ alicuius imperatorii '
^ (Mommsen).
274. On a fragment of white marble. Height *i$; breadth aa;
thickness •04.
Forms of letters AETT.
In L I we maj conjecture 7<^op]ot vel sim. i{v\ — ; in 1. a we
have probably part of the name ^inofmot, Z§lwoiiiiros.
276. On a miniature altar or base, with a hollow in the upper
8urfru:e. Height -ai; breadth -ii; thickness ao.
Forms of letters O^G ITC . ^
*AMiri^ would seem to be a mis-spelling for aManSti; the form
n^ (= TtBtffu) is found in Lucian. The missing first word was probably
the name of me deity to whom the dedication is made. For di^fuScnoc at
Sparta cf. Nos. 208, 247.
276. On a brick, of which one end is broken. The inscription is
stamped in raised letters on a depressed oblong surface. Length ^aa ;
breadth ads ; thickness -05.
CoUitz-Bechtel 4461 ; P. Pftiis, £laUg, p. iza, No. 11 ; R. B. Richardson,
^. C. Waldstdn, T^ Argioe Hirtuum, i. 017.
ib) [l]X]6i^o]i dofkSiruu [<rKiiyo]|%o9 M KaXXMp[4irfOff] | tpymn Nucairi<^o)[r].
{c) [itkMoi S\{a^M6atiu <r«(a)M|[^icitf M] KaKKtKpanos \ [ipy4mi NJoukt/im^.
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56 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Forms of letters A € 9 C 0). Cf. No. 685.
The inscription is stamped on all three narrow surfaces of the
brick which are preserved, and doubtless occurred also on the fourth
which is now lost
277. On the upper surface of a brick broken on all sides. Length
•36; breadth •28; thickness ^od.
Hirschfeld, BuiL delP Inst, 1873, p. 191 ; P. Paris, £laiie, p. zia, No. 13.
4lXlOTf(ftci[ff].
The letters were impressed on the brick with a stamp before
firing, and are in relief on a depressed oblong surface. Forms A€C 4».
Compare No. 407, and note.
281. On a grey marble stele, complete at the top and on the L
Height -45 ; breadth •sp ; thickness -03.
Martha, BuU. Onrr. HHl l 386, No. 15.
'A fi{<$X(f] I Aovfftov Ov[oXovo-(n7]|iM&y *AptaT — — — | Aap/Apovs [— — <M-]||
5 yoyoy 'Hp€^iOJovt] \ Ktii XIfpo-«o[ff dptras | c](v)«iccy «ca[l titfoias tw | tls r^v
Letters large and ornate, A H H TT!^ : the apices are marked.
The restorations are due to Martha. A member of the same
family, possibly the father of the person here referred to, is the Ao(vicuw)
Ouokoaarivbt Aafidpris of C»I»G. 1 438.
800. See p. i6a.
888. See p. 171.
867. On a stele of white marble. Height -50; breadth -17;
thickness •17.
5 Zayl I *£Xcv^|piot *Ay|rt0Mi||K>t 2«>|r9pi.
Forms of letters AGCfi; apices slight Under the inscription
are, as usual, a wreath and two palm fronds.
868. On a stele of greyish marble, broken on the r. and below.
Height -ap; breadth -20; thickness -lo.
Forms of letters AOCU).
868. On a fragment of a stele of white marble, broken on all sides.
Height -35; breadth •iS; thickness *i^,
(>VW I - - {w>w Ml I (o)iTaff r - - I
6 (">* (- - - iw) II - - ^ ( Aw) I [A2<r]xvXoff / - - j - - a«por - - |
--o(.)oX.-.|
Forms of letters A 9 Z A : apices slight.
L. I I ?Ay. L. 9 o«^oX-
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INSCRIPTIONS 57
870. On a stele of white marble^ broken in three. Height •48 ;
bieadth -38; thickness -03.
Martha, BuU. Corr. IfeU, i. 387, No. 18.
M(^«») rcXXijor BwirJ^iiafht \ IIaXXia||rirf h&9 \ i$ \ x^' 5
Forms of letters A COM ^ C (1). The writing is careless and late;
there is a tendency throughout to flourish, and to curved instead of
straight lines. The form of £ (g) is remarkable.
871. On a small tablet of white marble, with atuae at the sides.
Height '30; breadth -30; thickness -08.
Martha, BulL Corr, HelL i. 387, No. 17.
2«n^piX€ I iyM xa*|/>f, | In; /3k^<ra||ff «y'. 5
Forms of letters A CGC 6) ; apices slight
872+600+568. On four adjoining fragments of a large stele of
greyish marble. Height -66; breadth -45; thickness •09. Above was
a relief, of which only one foot remains.
— - I Ibas S« — I — - (a)iioytfpa[ff] — - - | — - (a)(rrov E |
Ji^ffX"]- II -- «« •A>(«) - - I - - II^r«<.X^]. I (.) ( -) 5
TOW "Eiriic I (X)^ff Ev^i/AoWd(a). | - - {y^^s ^Umipidtu || - - anjff 10
Evdofiida T - — I — — vos ^ikoxof^l9o{v), | Autoviuog ^otfii - - | — - [&ir
wptjirfivs ^idc . . . vir — - I ov. "Evavroi |i "" " (r)i»a*off 'A» - — | 15
— — fvr — —
Forms of letters AEMZ (once C) <|> : very slight apices.
L. X. We may supply ['A^jnraydpafr] or [^yofayipas, Or the name may
be complete, 'A9ay6pas (BuiL Carr. iiell, iii. p. 242). L. 10. Probably
Evdofiida ffj^ff], L. 1 1 -- irof ^iXo^a^^ov may be the AvoYfnror ^iKoxaptbfov
who appears as q>onymous patronomus in No. 204, coL U, 11. 19, 20 ;
CJ.6. 1242, 11. 19, 20.
878. On a white marble stele. Height •48; breadth -20; thickness
•18.
A{mHcpa\TOfios 'A^jbptapov \ Kdaapos \\ Iwnjpot, ^
Forms of letters AoQVJ; apices strongly marked. Beneath the
inscription are a wreath and palm branch.
874. On a fragment of a greyish marble stele. Height -24 ; breadth
•20 ; thickness -ods* Complete below.
- - [lo]SKM -.-.!-- [yydpxrh M] - I - - (da- ytpdiwrlag \ M
Forms of letters AEMZITZ. An ivy leaf is inserted as mark of
punctuation before ytpowrUu (1. 3) and voiuxpvka^ (1. 4). For Kala[apo$]
(L 5) cf. No. 204; col. U, L 13, and note.
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58 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
876. On a fragment of a white marble stele^ complete on the r.
Height -24; breadth -14; thickness •08.
VM/.. --(«H«)
CJCAC --w«(0
'NTPO --(«)jrrpo
^AHCr --(5)Xi|rK
876. On a fragment of bluish marble, complete on the L Height •24 ;
breadth ap; thickness •12.
5 ♦4X(o) - - I «iX«4aiir] - - I SflWMt(pX^T7f] j 'lowXM - -II Nfoc
I 'lovX[ioff] - -
Forms of letters €C4>(a). The fourth letter of 1. i may be (0.
877. On a stele of bluish marble. Height •40 ; breadth -22 ; thick-
ness -08. Complete. Found near the Acropolis. In the top is a
circular hole.
CoUitz-Bechtel 4422 ; Roehl, Imagimi^, z. No. 30, p. 31.
Alnjhuic I h iroXcfMN.
Forms of letters AEMP^; H represents h as well as 17, but » is
represented by A. Date — ^beginning of the fourth century b.c. With
the form idnfilat (= hhnfvias) cf. No. 887 (Haip^htsnror), and No. 440
passim {itpUaht^ yucahtUj &c.).
878. On a fragment of a white marble column. Height •42; diameter
•28. To the r. of the inscribed space are the remains of fluting.
[Ka'jXXtff^|[rXi7)r (KaXXutpinw) rov | - - [(H^^)-
Forms of letters A TT Z^ . Above this inscription is an uninscribed
space, very imperfectly smoothed. At the top of the stone the letters
.ui A K^^ I can be distinguished just below the line of fracture.
878. On a stele of red stone {rosso anfico), with pediment and
acroteria. Height ^70; breadth '34; thickness -os. Complete on all
sides.
Collitz-Beditel 4490; Le Bas, Jiemu Arckiohgipu^ 1844, 631 ; Vischer,
Intcript. Span. VIIL No. 6.
Forms of letters A E H.
880. On a white marble stele, the top of which is broken off. Height
•57; breadth -40; thickness -15.
5 - - [x«Xp>> I M ^\'^ * • I X«P* II «rapoa*4|ra.
Forms of letters AGITCU). The inscription is incised on a sunk
panel, the top of which is formed by an arch in relief (now almost com-
pletely broken off), resting on the projecting fillets wluch form the caps
of the side styles. Before and after the C AC of 1. 3 are leaves in relief.
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INSCRIPTIONS 59
88L On a ciicnhr base of bluish marble. Height •iB; diameter -38.
AiroKpArvpof | Kalaapos Tpaia\9ov 'Adpuami irm\nipot ras AwttlkdfMm)s,
Forms of letters A€C(a)« Compare No. 607 for the formula
ffMrvp rof AaKMdalfunnt, which is there, as here, applied to Hadrian : it
recurs in AfA, MM ii. p. 438, No. 13.
882. On a bluish marble stele, complete. Height ^da ; breadth •3a ;
thickness ^os.
Le fias-FoQcsrt aiz b (pp. 109 and 145) ; K«ibel 476.
'Ayi^ fiip lUfnip /a' Aox<v«r[a]|ro, iraSf tn Mdiny,
trpArag \ iMfos fitffofupa XayiWr, ||
4ovoToy If ^9&iMtur€if fu va\rt^p VUffs iir^ t^P^f 5
ylporo I d^ ffWwvs rrfKyyirriif rt K&pifiv. \
nMos If oOri iid^ Koi XvmfV | bmux rtKOWFjiy
/Aolpa yAp o^ II yow^ir nlXofUmi w6p9 piM, j 10
dXXa fw wifknAs rpunr&p ^pjiraffr MKffmv
f/Tp^ Tff I ykvmfnjf KovpUUift r dK6xov,
Forms of letters AeMZTTC(|>(0: the letters are tall and narrow,
and very much crowded together. At the end of each verse is a mark
of punctuation (*), as also in the following metrical inscription.
The text of the inscription in Le Bas-Foucart gives in 1. i Ci^crof Ir^,
while the transcriptioh shows thri PUhfos: the former is correct
888. On a grey marble stele, with pediment and acroteria. Height
•62 ; breadth -40; thickness -05.
Koomanoudes, 'A^i^vaMP, iiL 484 ; Kalbel 474 a (praebt. p. xiii).
SpcifTof 6 rocir Wownus dpimf, tv j nriwttnp *£XX^
jrol mpl(l>pmp *Aatii \ koL potpoi /ScuriXcIr,
dun rau \ BvfUkoit rme cvcm^dMKf waptdptvm \\
Tfptnf^ pcXi; KtXaimp roit hyvpoUn \ X9P^^» 5
oM cvvtwfop 6p& ^(koMvyapiw Mi rb. nispa'
Ktifuu TOVTW ?x^y oUop viraftcoy, |
Uapodtlra X"^*
Forms of letters AeOMITCU) : the last line is written in larger
characters than the rest Between the verses are marks of punctuation (/),
as in No. 882.
The Mwpol /SmriXctf (1. 3) are possibly the emperors M. Aurelius and
L. Verus (Kaibel). In 1. 6 Kaibel would emend ^p«»[y], which would
improve the epigium, but is not necessary : certainly the v was never
engraved on die stone.
884. On a fragment of a stele of bluish marble, complete above and
on the r. Height -46 ; br^dth -26 ; thickness ^ao.
Collits-BeGhtel 4463.
- — — oddfjunf* I — — — — nwxo — | — — — — ucpttH^ I "* "" — — •w^«w ||
s. 5
Forms of letters AH MO^ : apices prominent
The s of 1. 6 is the final letter of the line.
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6o SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
886. On a block of bluish marble, complete on the left. Height ^aS ;
breadth •34 ; thickness ap.
; [ouuftf — - \owrot | rov cy - -[«/)]|«r^^fi«r • . ti4 || alf^vakmfi)[a
Forms of letters AEZZ, In 1. i 1^ are ligatured : in L a the final
£ is written inside the preceding o.
886. On a stele of grey marble, found in Magoula. Height •46;
breadth '34 ; thickness aa. In the top is a circular hole.
Collitz-Bechtel 4420 ; Dayid 26 ; Roehl, Imagined, z. No. ao, p. 39.
AlWroff I €P nakSftou
Forms of letters AE MN P ^.
The name may be read A&frof or AUnns: both names occur in
inscriptions.
887. On a stele of grey marble. Height -sS; breadth •16; thickness
•08. Complete except on the right
CoUitx-Bechtel 4421; David 31 ; Roehl, Imagim^, z. No. 24, p. 30.
Haifn}h[iinroff] | ip vohJ^tfun],
Forms of letters AEN P ^ B represents both h and 17. For the form
Hfufn^hfinror (= Uaipfitnumot) cf. Na 877 (Alnyhuw), CoUitz-Bechtel 459a
(Hayi;h/ar/Miror), ibid. 459 1 (Avluinrov), &c,
888. On a stele of greyish marble. Height ^50 ; breadth -as ; thick-
ness ao.
Le Bas-Foaeart 19a
Za»\ 'EXcv|^c/>(oi 'Ay|r<Biwiyo» | 2«ortjpi.
Forms of letters AG Z A ; apices very slight Beneath the inscription
are a wreath, two palm branches and a leaf.
888. On a roof-block of bluish marble, broken on the r. Height -a i ;
thickness '36 ; width -87.
Collitc-Bechtel 4423.
AMJfnjr h»(a)pc[vf ]. | ZitfidXtajs *0\vfiar9iOi4iu[t oraiffiv\odp6/Mas\
Forms of letters A E Mo P Z. L. a iRvfidXajs = Evf dXjo^ff.
For the representation of an original fhyfiin Laconian inscriptions
cf. Ev/>v/3aiNi4r(ra (Nos. 208, 691), Boa^of (CollitZ-Bechtel 4589), BmflBt^
(Nos. 220, 221)^ &c. The restoration was proposed by Roefal on the
analogy of CJ.G. 1388 (cf. ibid. 1387).
894. On a splinter of a bluish marble stele, broken on all sides.
Length -id; breadth *!$; thickness •04.
u
KP\
A
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INSCRIPTIONS 6l
885* On a block of greyish marble, afterwards converted into a door-
sQL Broken to r. and 1^ but on the r. No. 548 fits on, and nothing is
lost between them. Dimensions of Nos. 896 and 648 together— height
-13; breadth -75; thickness •40.
Letters much laiger than those of No. 648. Forms EM(|> : apices
slight
It would be possible to restore ["EXmdj^ij^ in L i, but [Nm]^/m is
a commoner name and suits the space better.
896. On a block of greyish marble^ formed like an anta cap. Height
•33 ; breadth -65 ; thickness *^o. From Mahmoud Bey.
Collits-Bechtel 4517 ; Viicber, Inscriptioms Spartanae VIII. No. 4.
*Erl UpoTwlnav | mlktu^fMM,
Forms of letters AE OflY; apices very slight, letters well and clearly
incised. The catalogue of names which followed is lost.
898. On a block of dark limestone with relief; see p. 173.
Dresid-Milchhoefer, p. 381, Na 196 ; Routes GJk. Vothe Ojfkrings^ p. 215, n. 8.
AofiArpiiot "EircyflM^ aStOfor^
Forms of letters AE0Z : the « appears in the remarkable form 2.
400. On a stele of greyish marble, broken at the foot and at the top
1. hand comer. Height -gs ; breadth •45; thickness •07.
Martha, BitU. Corr. /fell I 379, Na a ; Tod, Brit, School Ammal, z. p. 6$.
['Ay]a^ rvxjB* | "Svl waTpoif6fAau Av<r/ir|irov rov Aoftaiiwrov | tf^ikoKalirapog
a^jirayycXrov AofMourmv | rov 'AptmoKparovtf o^i||prif NcoiroXirtty of vudi&|- 10
eroiTff T^ <i0^ <b^c|d/MM* &v wpiafivs \ TakipAs ^iF€Pd{w) ^O-j^r
Forms of letters AE9MnZ(|>fi; apices. L. 1 1 Martha reads Apat, and
in 1. 13 Tahfyot l^tpdJiPos]: the reading »pds is certain, and after SircyJUir
I think I see signs of ZOZ or ZAZ, A 2irfi^v IwruftUov occurs as
oyopoi^/ioff in Le Bas-Foucart 168 b.
401. On a fragment of white marble. Height •16; breadth ao;
thickness ^oSs. Broken on aU sides.
\ZK
404. Fragment of a stele of white marble. Height '39; breadth •3a ;
thickness -lo.
Collitz-Bechtel 4465 ; Wide, Lakoniscke Kulte, p. 66.
— — — [^](a)vi|» ytpovrcvw | [ayci^ji/xc tim AfX^id/oM.
Forms of letters E C <fr A.
An ApoUo Delphidius is foimd also at Cnossus, Dittenberger ' 514,
12 ; 722, 46. See Wide, op. cit. p. 87 foil. For the formula cf. JBulL
Corr. BeU. i. 380, No. 4.
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62 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
407. On a fragment of a tile, broken on all sides. Height •ii ;
breadth ^op; thickness -oig.
The inscription is stamped in raised letters on a sunk sorface : the
letters nm from r. to 1. Forms C4>«
Compare No. 277 (^iXurrr^Sar) and Paris, £laUe^ p. in, No. 7
(Aimc^), p. 1 1 a, No. 14 {^hyaBvn^ for Other examples of bricks stamped
simply with a proper name» which is probably that of the contractor
(cf. Nos. 685, 712).
408. See No. 262.
410. On a white marble stele, broken on the r. and at the foot
Height *%2\ breadth •as; thickness -oas.
Martha, BtdL Corr, Hett. ill p. 194, No. 5; Preger, Athm. MitteU, xadi.
p. 337, No. 5.
5 MofNcof Ovdki^Hos OvKnuMW^ \ * K^B6iinifrat 2tt|((ruc)[p}&rovff /9oin»x||[6s
fujad](doy««)[it»r — — —
Forms of letters AEGZ(|>A. To the r. of the inscription was the
groove which contained the iron sickle (?) dedicated to the goddess.
' FQr /uKixMofutmv scheint der Raum zu klein' (Preger).
41L On a stele of white marble, complete except at the topb Height
'85 ; breadth '55 ; thickness •os.
Le Bas-Foacait 168 g.
- - - Tw«r| I E^doifUMT (E^doifioior), U6{irKtos) - - [lla fl|(ni^>arc(
g iB«rc(i)[rl. I 'Eixrri'nM* || *lovKto9 *Apurr4aSf I rdpyiviror (Topyunrov), \ Ziropfto-
10 ^^V*^!' I XpwrSyoms Alwfot, | No/mm^vAoitcc* || ftp vpwfivs ^ofilmp \ [BcXX«»1m»(
poay6s, \ r*IovX(ioff) l9U\a\i^po€ Nf4K0i^|[rfWff 0]oay69, \ [lmfX{u)t) Xfw<r](as), ||
J. [KXfdfiaxoj(ff) [(KXcofuixov)] llo{n\lov) M\tftfiUnf) Aoyycivov ni(aw).
Forms of letters AETTZc)): in L la hE are in ligature, while in
1. 15 rM are in ligature and the O is placed inside the TT- The surface
has been a good deal worn since Foucart copied the inscription, especially
the L hand lower portion.
Date : latter part of the reign of Antoninus Pius.
L. a lOi mustbereadll($(irXioff)withConze-Michaelis(iimki/r*, 1861,
pp. 40, 41), not 'loi;(Xiof) with Foucart. LI. g, 6 *iovkto9 ^Aptarw and
TSpyimrov Vopyimrau recur on a catalogue of ayopeaf6ftoi (Le Bas-Foutart
168 b), as also Laidmv BfXXwMff (11. 10, 1 1). The Xpwr6yoifos aU»vo9 of 1. 8
is probably the same as Mapicos Aifpffkiot X. A. of C.I.G. 1381. T^fyytmnt
Topylmnv subsequendy became eponymous patronomus (No. 218).
In L 15 only ^ <mAOrrEINOYK' is left. KXc^fioxor (KXcofuSxou)
was read by Conze-Michaelis and by Foucart The former have the
note ' L'ultima lettera non h certa,' but express no doubt as to the Y :
Foucart reads Aoyy€lpos. The v, however, is perfectly plain on the stone,
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INSCRIPTIONS 63
and the 1^ I r^ard as also certain, though this reading involves two
difikulties:
(i) It reduces the number of MyM^vXamr from 5, the normal
number, to 4.
(2) It is contrary to the general rule that cocrir takes a dative
(cf. L 3).
417. On a block of white marble, complete except on the L Height
•30; breadth -40; thickness •ao.
Roehl, AtJkin. MiiUU, i. p. a33, No. 6; Kaibd 471 a Qdd.\ Hofliiumn,
SyU^, No. 177.
[Auwr^9ay fif X^'^ noXtNiiyrr]ov ciXt K^^mv^,
[dWx' vircp Tnofrrw 4p irvlff6doi£ SKSimop,
[(aktn^ If itrofuu rots ffir](i)yiyofiCMMff,
Forms of letters AEOMS. Date : fourth century b.c
The above restoration is due to Kaibel ; Roehl proposed :
[Yidir frpff(W9vron{y fw w — \j]ov ctXc K6pa^os,
[o(fi«fui iUp kj \^ ^y irar^lf dc i»oL iirrw 'Opttol
[iroirtir dtifUfffar^ rotr An}yi»o/MWMff.
*Opffio4 oppt'dum ^nohim (Kaibel): the name may be a by-form
(used mehi gratia) of 'Opfoi, a x»p*w mentioned by Lysias (xiv. § 27)\
which in its turn may be the well-known Oreos in Euboea. See an
article entitled *Opctfs — 'QfnoL^ by z. IL Adforpos in the Mos '£XXi;vofiy^fM»v,
vol. i. p. 34-
418. On a fragment of a white marble stele. Height •as; breadth
•13 ; thickness •09.
Xir» } tirfi I ov I ir6{t) - -
Forms of letters E9Z : slight {^ices.
427. On a block of white marble, complete. Height -1$; breadth
-13; thickness •!$. In the back of the stone is an irregular hollow,
probably not original.
(Av)fniKia KaX|Xov(ra 2arv]pov ^ f^|xa/>urr7pio[y].
Writing very crude. Forms of letters A 6 9 C •
428. On a fragment of white marble, broken on all sides. Height
•23; breadth '22; thickness •05.
H A I / - - U^wXw) At(XX«off] - -
ZOY/ - - s 0«{X)[irw ? - -
^l i{o/MM^Xaiccr ?]
^ The MSS. vary between the readings 'OptoCs and 'Q^ioh in this passage.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
64 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
429. On a fragment of a white marble stele ; the r. edge is preserved
Height -14; breadth -095; thickness •045.
NBION
NAPIC^
482. On a block of white marble, broken on the 1. Height -14;
breadth 'iS; thickness ao.
- - or Mminr|[ov] - - - or 'Ap/iow/|[Kov — -] ri£(laff) Ka^Xiarog \
lloNriKA.
Forms of letters A EM Z. In 1. 3 the XX are united (M), as also the
It (E): the first a is under the horizontal stroke of the F. After the
final f is a sign < : perhaps we should read KaXXum>ff (KaXX/arov). Of
1. 4 1 can make nothing, though the reading is clear; possibly yrwlf^ 3334<
485. On a white marble stele, with pediment ; complete except at the
foot. Height -25 ; breadth -sa ; thickness -05. Found between rcwpyir-
vv&anKa KaKvfiui and Xay(.
Collitz-Bechtel 4436.
Forms of letters AE M O P n.
489. On a block of grey stone. Height 1-50; breadth -27; thick-
ness '2$,
Maitfaa, BuU. Corr. Hell. L 388, No. 19.
5 *Opo[ff] I rw I Up\ni II la'.
Forms of letters A 6«
440. On a white marble stele, broken at the foot. Height -94;
breadth -ass; thickness •16. Found by Leake at the Monastery of
'Ayioi 2ap<(vra between Sparta and Chrysapha. Above the inscription
is a relief, for which see p. 176.
Collitz-Bechtel 4416; Meister, JahrbUchir fur PhihlMfie, i88a, L 523;
Bnnian, Berichte dir sdchsischen Gestllsehqft der Iviss&Hschaftim^ xii.
a 36 foil. ; F. D. Allen, Papers of the American School at Athens^ iv. 193,
No. loi (11. T-5 only) ; Roehl, Imagme^^ x. No. 16, p. a8 ; Hoffmann,
Sylhge ^gr, gr, 374 (11. 1-5 only); ,Solmten, Inscriptiones Grauae ad
MusinuuUts enaUctos Mlectae, Leipdg, 1903, No. 17 ; DaWd a8.
dAfunfwt I iptBtfK9 *A&aifaU(i] \ IloKi^w
5 Mxohoff I ravra har cvMit || inTinMEa rmw pw, \
Talk iwlxah* AafMo[M»v] | r&i a{iT& rt^pjifr
'6x» rerpaiup 11 cal *ABaiKua T§TpS,Kaf xlnXfvhvi
10 Tauif6x» rerpaiup
15 ^afi»vtii[v
htmrois I
30 ^aiA»v»p
[fnroM I airhg omox^i^* | ^^
yikwhvma rerpaiaw, \ col Jlohoiiata
h]a^ aMt dMo^Mftv || ei^ixfiiAuut
k] t» av[r]& hcimf »]. | koI Ilohoidaia
/i{t]iei7 HcXffi, Kal ho c<X7[{
\9frraiU9 Ik ray avr& j hlwnnp «r^ 1 ^
[cjWxi; Ocvpuu 6KTdKi» \\ [a\Ms oyiox^v ly\hrfi»hais hlnwots j Ik ray
25 avrw hiwir»p | lofK. t& aOr& h/mrco. ] ktip 'Apiomar eV^Ki; || Aa/A^M»y ^rrcLoy |
aMs opioxUiP I Ivhrffi^hait hiinroiff | Ik top at/rm YUntrMW | tafK t& airrm hijnrio,
30 «i2 II ho KcXi/f IvOai h[afia]. | icai *£XcvhvMa Aafi[^M»y] | cVin; avns amoxlwf \ Muf"
/Sdbboiff hiamoit \ rtrpoKUf, ||
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
INSCRIPTIONS 65
«^« /** I «ha..€F..,r I [hh}i0{m}[rihhwmi] \\
Forms of letters ADE®BMN^: x » represented by % £ by X.
B is nsed only for h, never for 17 : O represents both o and •.
Date, probably about 400 b. e
My text agrees with that of Collitz-Bechtel, save that I have been
able to see on the stone a number of letters marked there as restorations,
while a few have disappeared and are enclosed in my copy between
square brackets.
L. 9. Tauif&xm. Cf. Xen. Hist. Groic, vi. 5, 30 tU rh» brMpoitoM # 2r
ToiaSxav. Taiafoxot is (i) *he who shakes the earth (with earthquake)*/
or (a) *he who rides in his chariot throughout the whole earth*,' or
(3) 'he who rides beneath the earth and thereby shakes the earth V
L. 1 1 afKtvtiwui mm mi *EXfvhvMa r= koI 'EXcvcrvma (CollitZ-Bechtel 4495)
or *BXwwrumu Pausanias mentions an 'EXcMrdrior, a sanctuary of Aj^fu^nyp
'EXrvirma, on, or at the foot of, Taygetus.
The second part of the inscription (I. 35 foil.) contained a list of the
victories of a woman, unfortunately now lost save for a few letters.
According to Pausanias (iii. 8. i) it was Kyniska, daughter of Archi-
damus II of Sparta, who vpJnTi n 29nrorp<$^o'ff yvwaudw Koi viiapf iptSktro
L. 40 Dressel-Milchhoefer saw /^ * O H 1 \ which may belong, as Meister
suggests, to [kSjp 'Ap}opi[f\J[f] (cf. L 24; Wide, Lakon. Kulie, p. 141 foil.).
441. On a stele (broken in two) with pediment and acroteria, and
a projection at the foot for insertion in a socket Height 1*40; breadth
•65; thickness 'i$. Between 11. 3 and 4 is a relief, for which see p. 176*
Found at Mahmoud Bey, not far from the church of 'hyia. nopcuriccv^.
Collitz-Bechtel 4516; Dittenbeiger^ 306; Dittenberger ' 451 ; Michel i8a.
^loyiumrfpaf^v Awtwusov rov Z«»n7/>(da, Ni;jcXco9 | rov *A^M(rroi^xircof,
IkunKpanos rov UaxrucXJof | rh do^^ vrr^ 'AfM;icXaic»y* | ml Mi[r]a(rra^cirrc(
ttifxtfioi c2ff t6v in\ Nueca hiavrbp JlainTikffS || TmpTW, ^CBvfios AvtriKpanos, 5
A a pu a d at AofUflda a$imf | coftarpi^iraM avrw re ml ras ^yxccpi(r^i<raff axfTois
wUr\r€m r/A irao-iy dmpd&t ml ^fUpns rh¥ tpuwrbtf dM^ajyoy^yrcr, dcdd^Au rotp
'AftoKkauoit iwaufiirai h^povt \ robs wtpi TlcurtriXti hri rf koXcm t^ ^X^
di€(aytnfKhat' l| iroutvrrm dc airrois koL M rcu irpoarponai acl f*fplda, lotff | ^ XO
fmn, ofTMff ^v['] ^ ^^ fun/Aoiftvova'a t&v ytyifrtnv ^|Xai^p^9rt»y tU avrhv airo-
didovcra ^6n;nu rits KortL^iaut | rtfiot* iyd6n9w Hi ro^ KaraaTaBtrras ordXcv
\t$ipap I tig ^ awaypa4>ff<nTag t6 iAyfta xol araorcu tU {t)6 Up6y rag \\ *AXc- <5
(ar^paf riof M th ravrav Haatiaftw i6Tw & Afih ml \Ayo¥ \ ivtyKAvrn mpi rat
yrytnffjJvas dtanmig rovf M ravra | KaTarraBtpras' hrauKVOL M leak r6v ypamuxrij
oMw I KaXXueX^
Forms of letters A Eo P fl IT Z : slight apices.
Date : second or first century b. c.
L. I. For the office of the dayfiaToypd4m cf. Swoboda, Griech. Volks^
heschlussey p. 214. These were magistrates of the ^/3c^ r»v 'AfiVKkau»p
(U. 1 1, 15), as also the ^opoi of 1. 4 : on the other hand, NutcW (1. 4) is the
1 Meister, o^. Collitz-Bechtel, td loc * Miillensiefen 45 [175].
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66 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
eponymous patronomus of Sparta. L. 9 M rf is quite distinct on the stone.
Loeschcke, the first editor, read M t6 which has been retained by
Collitz-Bechtel and Michel, though Dittenberger made the necessary
emendation in his first edition. For fUt^ayvtiKaHu cf. Hesych. dyptar 3ytip
KprJTts and SynffM (MSS, aYVffiT6ti)' dy^X' AoKcnffS. L. II AP« L. 15
For the temple of Alexandra cf. Pausan. iii. 19. 6 *Aftv«eXiu dc dyaamrof {m6
^mpu»p y€POfM£wif mil (far* mivov ic»iuf diofupouaxi Ow irapflxtro &^w¥ Up^
*AXt(Mpag Kok 3yakfMa' ripf dc *AXc(dyd/xv ol *AfMvick<ufts Kcunrapdpap rf^p
UfHOftov ^>aaip thm. The cult is also found at Leuctra (Pausan. iii. a6. 5).
448. Seep. 178.
446. On a stele of bluish marble with gable-t(^ and acroteria ; at the
foot a projection for insertion in a socket Height i m. ; breadth -55 ;
thickness -15.
The tniface is so damaged that only a few letters can be read, and I have not
thooght it worth while to xeproduoe these. The name 'AptaroriXfis occnrs
hi U. a I, 31 , the phrases rp^ r€^ $tah in 1. 3 and ^96x0oi v^Krro Td rat itfias
in L 18, and r^ &0iy in L 33. Forms of letters A EOTTXl : no apices.
447. Four adjoining fragments of a Dioscuri relief, for which see
p. 178. Height 1*13; breadth -58; thickness -lo. Found at Vourlia
(Sellasia).
Collitz-Bechtel 4534; F. D. Allen, Papers of the American School, £▼. 194,
No. loa ; David 19 b; Roehl, Imagi$^^ z. No. 11, p. a7 ; Hoftnann,
Syllog^t No. 307.
nXiTcmddav 1^ <^Mi^Kff] | Aioo-icdb/ioto'cv cf yoX/ia], |
Ttyda/Ndfiy d[idvfM»v] pJcLViv ^]rt(d)dd[/iciK>s].
Forms of letters AD^t^OS (facsimile in AiAm. Mitt. viii. 1883,
PL zviii) : 17, « are represented by c, o.
The restoration is that of Kirchhoff {pp. Roehl, I.G.A. 62 a, p. 174).
448. Seep. 178.
456. On a fi-agment of a circular base of white marble. Height i«io.
Martha^ Bmil. Corr. Heti. iii. 195.
*H frAcr I [n^ ^MX]iHro^«0Tiiin7r tsai vrnf^ftJiMorani^ Aifn/Kiop 'dnrMV |
5 [roO] ^iXoco^orrdrov Kci)^c|| — — — Bvyarepa^ I [yvMiieaj d^ rov eifytpttrrarov |
[Tfjurofiffvoi) TOW 2rparfX| — ml «»r ;(/9i7fiarifcc | — — — — ^ [itrrtap fr](<S)Xffa>s,
zoWay IIi7PfX<$ir||[f]uiir, dptrijt irdntfs | jcal rrjf tr€p\ riis ^^X^] I [^^^^/^^^ ip]aca,
irpwrbtfafUhnv t6 MXmiAJfi M((^jcov} Alp{ri\iav) 'Rirvxum{v] \ — — iXiofov
15 Tov ECTVx\\\uamv, irorp^?]* 96f»mp mil ir^c(a>)[ffy | rov yafjfi^xif avrijs. | — g rov
ao 'fr(ypafifui(r)[off]. | — ^poow; Kovfui irc/x — | — V" m^f^upf r^pd€ • arfjylL — || —
Writing very careless and indistinct, full of ligatures: 11. 18-21 are in
smaller letters, seemingly by another hand. Forms of letters A AECZG
Mzncco).
My copy corrects that of Martha in several points : the reading of the
last four lines is very uncertain.
462. On a fragment of white marble. Length -08 ; breadth -07 ;
thickness '07.
SKAI.
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INSCRIPTIONS 67
468. On a fragment of white marble. Height -23; breadth -075;
thickness -oS.
--(o,r)-|-|€-|--Xa-|--X€-
Forms of ktters AX Efl ; slight apkes.
464. On two adjoining surfaces of a block of bluish marble.
Length -13; breadth -12; thickness -09.
On the front (complete above and on the L) is the inscription
and on the side (complete above and on the r.) are the three letters,
— — — ff— — — w.
Letters ornate, with prominent apices A E! ZI C|>.
Seemingly a fragment of a catalogue of ephors.
466. On a block of white marble. Height -2^2; breadth *20\
thickness -05.
CoUitx-Becfatel 4493.
Zarni I *£Xfii^p/|oi *Ayr»Fi|M>t S«>r4|[/N]. 5
Forms of letters AOSA* Below the inscription aie two palm
branches with a wreath between them. The final /n was accidentaUj
omitted bj the lapidary when cutting the inscription.
600. See No. 872.
60L See No. 219.
602. On a stele of white marble. Height -51; breadth -27;
thickness -04. Complete on the L
K^« I TO ro"T - - I two -|«ft;---|| r^ - - - . 5
Letters large and careful, with slight apias. Fonns A®: the
latter is a remarkable instance of archaism in the form of letters.
Po8»b]y in 1. I we have the name lUjm {Cmca), which occurs in the
form Kifun in an inscription from Gythium (Le Bas-Foucart 247).
608. On a circular block of white marble, with slight indications of
fluting. Height -27 ; diameter ca. 17.
[ZaA 'ElXnf^tfHJot *A^m]\9$ipoi 2«»||t$/n.
Forms of letters A6©C(i}.
606. On a fragment of a stele of bluish marble, with a moulding
below. Parts of the lower and r. hand edges are preserved.
Height '34; breadth -36; thickness -op.
(,c)ai| [A]{y)iavJlP€6l,iar^] {Sjk ^^ ml |
fan c{p T^ fiM}||[/i#uir] — — -> 1. n^ t^pnvpw o^ (tfup | *« — — |r rov Atofr&rov 5
e<ov <lnfka(a\ — — — — — ayrtf rir wpoyrypaitfUvoif | — — — — — or «ii drfrt
Forms of letters AEGMZC; writing veiy rough, with hi^,
narrow letters much crowded. Before r^r (L 5) is an ivy leaf, and alter
'* Digitized by Google
68 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
607. On a block of white maible, broken at the back and bdow.
Height •go ; breadth -17 ; thickness as.
DnrrUcii, Bull. Corr. Hill. Iz. 517, No. 7.
5 hhroicp&ropi Ka/|<rapc *AdpuiPf \ 2tpaaTf tn^pi nw || [tkoKudaifumo^y
Forms of letters ADZW ; very slight afices.
Duirbach reads trwnjpi rag [w^ksos] ; I prefer to restore Aaxedo^ioior
on the analogy of No. 881.
508. On a white marble stele, complete on all sides. Height •48 ;
breadth -27 ; thickness -04.
5 Tifiipiot I EXaudutt | Ilporoyt w yg 2oX(^|c£mm ffvAivXiyf || Mv Xc«
Forms of letters E80C(0.
609. On a stele of blnish marble, broken in two. Height -90;
breadth -73; thickness -ao.
Collitz-Bechtel 4435, 4437; Pteger, AtMm. MiiUil. zzL p. 96, note z;
Dittenbeiger', 898.
T6aKOf I i/i iro[X]cfMM.
Forms of letters AE M P Z A. Date, probably third century n. c.
The name TdvKoe occurs again in No. 689, and in two Cretan
inscriptions — ^'AAyra, v. 365, 1. 69, and Bull Corr. Hell. xiii. 75.
610. On a fragment of white marble, broken on all sides. Length af;
breEulth •ai ; thickness -13.
iK/\ (f«X)
L.3[2/«]0*>ro(.)?
691. On a circular block of white marble. Height •17 ; diameter -ai.
ZaA I *EXeutfr/>(M | 'Ajrrwycipoi | Twnipu
Forms of letters A6eXC(0 ; no apices.
622. On a white marble stele, with pediment Height •37;
breadth -27; thickness '08.
Forms of letters XeeCGJ.
62a On a slab of white marble. Height •38; breadth -sa ;
thickness -03.
Letters very crudely formed A6©(0.
624. On a stele of white marble, broken in twa Height -65;
breadth -25 ; thickness •03.
5 X<ujp^> I Tuwt, K[p]4ff I ^dj ^»r, h h |xap/rff0Vi Tt ||X«off
v/iMt|nu fftUru', ircUrc | ^tXo9 y&p ^n. \
triuf id'.
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INSCRIPTIONS 69
Letteis good and careful, though somewhat crowded together;
Q^it slight Forms AAEMnz4>n.
The first verse has two syllables too manj^and the mason has written
KBHZ0AEjC1N« Tio^ff as a man's name occurs only in Mionnet's reading
ci a Cretan coin legend, and Prof. U. von Wilamowitz therefore conjectures
685. On a white stone stele, complete on the L and below.
Height '2^; breadth -33; thickness ai.
Bi - - - - I Aaft6pia[rat] I'Aptffnita^dVrffs]. - - - | 'Opimwidas
II ""Apxiinroff Nm | KoXXirfXi^f K(aXXXiJ - - - | KaXXArrparot 5
S - - I Ti/Mtffxog NmAi I Ai(u AwnKp6Tto{s) || Mcynnroff NuKNrrfNi[rDv] | IVi(iof) zo
Bpof^i^f Ma{pKov) 6c -> - .
Forms of letters AHSX< : apices strongly marked In L 11
To. and Mo. are written in monogram I7\ and I^fifi.
626. On a block of grey stone, very roughly worked. Length •44 ;
breadth -ai ; thickness -18.
Collitz-Bechtel 4408 ; David 7.
IloXXff&v.
Le. lioXXc/tpy. Forms of letters EP : a fiicsimile will be found in
Roehl, I.Gji. 58.
627. On an irregular block of grey stone. Length -aS ; breadth '28 ;
thickness ao.
These letters are roughly incised on the stone by friction ratho' than
by chiselling : there are also some other strokes which do not seem to
ksm parts of letters. We appear to have the ends of two words written
retrograde, — w | - - {o)<pas.
628. On a small drcular base tapering towards the foot; there is
a hollow in the upper surface. Height •18.
JmTffpla I KOT ^ira|y4i^ rov | Btov <iM||^ica* 5
Forms of letters ACe fl C h>.
629. On the upper surface of a circular block of white marble, shaped
like a capital: broken below. Height -19; diameter -38.
AifTOKpaTo\pof Kaiirapos \ 'Abpuofov Sc|/3(Mrrot; 2«»||r%)os, 5
The letters are more carefully formed than in most inscriptions of
this class. Apices slight Forms AZ.
582. On a block of grey marble. Height -34 ; breadth •29 ; thickness
•16. Provenance unknown.
The letters are very irregular. Forms 1 and P, C.
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70 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
6d6« On each of the four sides of a brick. Length -31 ; breadth -si ;
thickness -055. Found in Leopoulos' field east of the theatre near the
medieval walls.
CoUitz-Bechtel 4461.
The brick is complete, and bears on its four sides the same stamp,
for which see No. 276. A similar brick, also in all probability complete
but unnoticed hitherto, is immured in the wall of the church called
Zoifuitng Tijg eronfffov in Magoula, not far from CoUitz-Bechtel 4443.
686 A. Fragment of a brick. Length -24; breadth ^^i ; thickness -05.
[flr]l K4iXX[Mpdrm].
The inscription runs from r. to 1. It is not possible to tell
whether the other three narrow surfaces had inscriptions, as they are
all broken off.
642. On a fragment of greyish marble. Height -22; breadth -17;
thickness •14. From the Menelaeum.
Kastriotes, UfaicruA rfft *Afxpt*^'oyiM^ iStraipdoa^ 1900, p. 86.
TO^ I 0^1 IE.
648. On a fragment of a brick. Length •145; breadth as; thick-
ness '045.
The letters are in relief on a depressed ground. The inscription is
complete on the r. Forms of letters X Al^ in ligature.
644. On the shaft of a white marble herm, broken at the top and
bottom. The inscribed surface is broken away all down the 1. margin,
but the inscription is complete above. Height -So; breadth •26;
thickness *%$. See p. 188. Found about a quarter of an hour south
of the Amyclaeum.
TsonntM, "K^M. 'Af»x«w^ 189a, p. 2%, No. 6 ; Wide, Lak. KulU^ pp. 368-370.
Tir a^X'^f^^ ^^^ 2c/3a<rr[«»y, | Icpeja AuSr, rhp ipurrow kc^I \ ck r]«r
5 dpUrrmp, t^p ^(loKoy^rarop) Zc[ie|(rn>]y Effdo^r 'Oiiacriff/)aT{co||r, . .] carh
'HpaxXcW, fkC a|[Yr&] Aioo-kov/mnt, Up€a todi \ [oyjttvo^rnjy di^ fiiov i{ai \
10 di^] ymw rmv n Ai[oo-|xov]p»y mil tov aymt[Q£ \\ t&p] lArydkttp A4o<r«wp|[««W],
ffol Ayo^poBenfP dTcj^ yf ]you( r&p fteydXttv | f A€j«i«id/«y, kpia mrA | [y/Jroff
15 Uomi&pos *Aar^||[X]ibt/, *A%w XaXxiouco[v« | *AB}iPag TLaXtdxw, ml (r)[6y |
fn/yKoBtipvfAtpmp tp [ry | rt^imi Btmp^ Tvxi^ff C - | - - arptt, 'Apfrtfuras
20 ira[T||/HA]ridoff, Aqfuirpos kJJ\ K6\p,}jg ip *ovp (wrpj - f Ar *ny€ikx{i^,
^5 'A^podfi|[n7]f Olpoplat, Tv}^ \ [4p](;()aytrov, 'Epfiov O. || AwPoUrav, Afifu/rpos |
rijs ip ^usTvpPBy MN | (A)tdf v - - |
Forms of letters A6ZenC(i}. Writing careless and irregular, in
some places very hard to decipher. Tsountas reads [ap]x««p«i in 1. i,
[koI;] £li6s ml 2: in I. 21 his copy shows 4>0i . CYT . ETP, whUe mine
has 4>0YPAOAC*CeTP.
646. On a small circular stone base or altar of greyish marble.
Height .33.
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INSCRIPTIONS 71
The letters are exceedingly rough. Forms EIM<|) : some of the
apices are very exaggerated
The restoration is uncertain. For the cult of Demeter in Laconia
see Wide, ZaAon. KulU, p. 171 foil.
647. On a stele of bluish marble, complete except at the foot.
Height -47 ; breadth •37 ; thickness -op.
Zqyl I *£XeutfrfMlot 'AvtwW|voc StfT^H/M. 5
Forms of letters XX 6 Z. Beneath the inscription are two palm
branches and two wreaths.
648. On a block of bluish marble. See No. 896.
Martha, Bull. Corr, Hitt, ill. 197, No. 7.
Tpns btnaJ^ C^attaa ^r]ca>y <rw vhti
lUipdaKig ^&a Btms 9U "Xidao T
iifffkhw dirovrpoXifrovcra fftikav ^wriipix
ffoi iraidar doio^r iptpas ^ le^p^.
Forms of letters XeeiTC^Q).
664. See p. 189.
668. See No. 872.
669. On a white marble stele, the top of which is broken off.
Height '49 ; breadth •44 ; thickness *io.
(«)« IIwf&t{\ ] I ^^Bwfiroc* I *Efra^p((dcm>f f Eira^podecnw), |
Acorvo-Kx Zwrlfiov, || 'Eirl rov ftvxov' rvXiviror. | 'Eiri rov puuecXXov* 'Io(vXioff) ^
Letters well and clearly incised: forms AIOMnZXl, apices slight.
The second Y of L 4 and both those of 1. 6 are 'written inside the
preceding O's, as also the Z of 1. 5. There are incised leaves as
omament8'( ^ ) at the beginning of 1. a and the ends of 11. a, 3, 7.
The tides cirl roO mvxov and M. rov fuutikXw are not, I believe, found
elsewhere. The formula is a common one : cf. 6 M, r&w {mofiwfutarw rfjf
ovyKkrfTov, LG. iv. 588 ; M r»y dX»y, /.(r. xiv. 608 ; cVl rov atirov, CLG,
373S> ^^ ^ rofutUu and M r^f olieopofuas, C.LG, 2058 B, &C. *Efr<
with the dat. is also used in this sense, or M with the acc. and
KoragrraMty KoBtarafupos. The ftaiuXKw {mocelium) is the meat-market
(cf. 1 Cor. X. 25; Dio Cass. 61. 18; in LG. iv. 1484, U. 107, 296,
298, 301, the word is used in the sense of ' partition,' Lat. canceUi, as in
Hesych. fMiUXar ippayiueroy dpvffHucm), the iivx^ the grain-market (cf. LG,
ziv. 645, L 139, 141, 144 dia]iof4or/raL di koI olidtuf h row x^9^^ rovrocf,
689. See p. 194.
691. On the upper fillet of a moulded and ornamented base of white
marble, the L hand portion of which is broken off. In the upper surface
18 a groove (-035 deep, •075 wide) into which a stele was inserted.
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72 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Found on the west side of the square in which the Museum stands,
during excavations for the cellars of the house of A. Demas. Height ^a i ;
breadth -so; thickness »i*j.
[Ev]pvfidvaaiTa,
Forms of letters AC.
698. On a fragment of grey marble, broken on all sides. Length ao ;
breadth -09; thickness '03.
YTTl: — vK.) —
ONE --o^--
699. On a fragment of a white marble stele, broken on all sides.
Length -20; breadth 'ig; thickness '07. Formerly in the Byzantine
Museum at Mistnu
(X)co'ocu — — — I •" — (») ^^ ^^*) — — — I — — — (o)ir Tovro
(')--|--(«V«'/<<^p)---
Boustrophedon : 11. i and 3 read from 1. to r., a and 4 from r. to 1.
Forms of letters AP^MHPP^: after n^ of L a comes a mark of
punctuation ) as in No. 200, 1. a, I,G.A. 54, 1. 5.
The stone is so mutilated that it is not even possible to determine
whether the inscription is metrical or not The emendation of L i to
Xffotfac naturally suggests itself, but the fourth letter alike on the stone
and the squeeze seems to be O.
eoo. On the thighs of a seated figure (for which see pp. 194-5),
found in Magoula.
Collitz-Bechtd 4417; Milcfahoefer, ArcA. Zeitg. i88x,p.397, andPL xvii 3, st.
AlAEYi
The text of the inscription is not certain. Dressd-Milchhoefer
read it as I have done, and so it was published in the Arch. Zeitg.
loc. cit, foiur years later. Treu {Arch. Zeiig. i88a, p. 76) corrected
it to AEV^, explaining that the Al and the vertical stroke of the Y
in Milchhoefer's copy are accidental injuries of the stone, while Collitz-
Bechtel (loc. cit) and Wide (Lahon. JtuUe, pp. 4, 7, 343) do not even
mention the variant.
Acvff is known (see Pape-Benseler, Griech. E^ennamm^ s.v.;
Meister, Griech. DicdekU^ i. p. a6a) as a Boeotian and Lacedaemonian
form of Zra: so the Boeotian in Aristoph. Acham. 911 uses the
expression 7rr« ^cvr (ssZirrw Zm, SchoL). 'Adcvr, on the other hand,
is a unique and unparalleled form of 'AiSSac, *Kth^t. Nevertheless, the
reading of the inscription given by Dressel-Milchhoefer seems to be
the correct one.
606. On a block of white marble, broken on all sides. Height -is;
breadth -18; thickness -045.
(N)acoivrfn7(ff) | [EX*)«ai,ioicX€'o[4
Forms of letters AEM, KR( in monogram.
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INSCRIPTIONS 73
0U. On a block of white marble, broken on all sides. Height -205 ;
hieadth '24 ; thickness '14. Found in Magonla.
CotUtx-Bechtel 4iio; Hofimaim, SyU. epigr.gr, 394; David 19; Ro^,
Imagined f x. No. lo, p^ a6.
- - P02 A®pp/^D - - I - - TAYTOr/^IKA^ - - | - -
tYTATO^PD~|~ptAPlIOMpA^— II — pA^®ADpnAI^S
p - - 1 — OII<Alp^Y®PO^ - - 1 - - '^•n^ A iriot - - .
The following tentative restoration of this inscription has been
suggested by Roehl {I.G^A. 62):
[Uuapdx^ ^^ «^'' ^<^ ^yo^ «>2 ^f^]
pucas [mi Bopvfi^f Ktaik rpa]f(yraTms iH^ofiAirBif]
Made naU Il[oXvicX$r* oXX' TkaBi rjdi mil ^ r0^p«ir
[^(oy fd^a^ impmPf] Ai&r alyt6)^€i ncurt ovfiW].
ei2. On a large stele, with pediment ; later, the r. side was cot away
and ornamented with low Bjzantine relief. Found in Magoula serving
as a doorstep. He^ht -95 ; breadth -60 ; thickness •! i.
Collitz-Beditel 4451.
Tipom9M['A ^1*| AvttOfufitit'ApJ[r ] \ npar^wuns Aio |
Smcpandat Ao^ *"'""' II ^^t*"''^^^ BmpBv^dda], | IlaucraWat Aofu — j 5
KaiKktKpAnit B^ — — -> j TifUNtX^v ^{cd[afiov]. | XtwAptis AofnoK " ^ " " ||
TifUMepinft 'Ay{ri)[vi ] | Aii^W •H[pii]KX - - - | Aaitdrucas {A)afi | '<>
KUmMmr A -- j JLunrihff . x^ || E^c^iMcX^r Ka j 15
Kdkkhrokit Elfw - - - | [n}iUrrpaerw I | [rop]>«nrai[aff] j
- - [f]«or ♦{X - - - -J II (a)/iaf 2r | [crlrporof ao
^X I [Ew}ii7«Xof •Ap(.,)[«/inrai;]. j .. IPOA. AAZ E& |
T(a)xvRX^ KaX - - - .
Forms of letters A EgTTC
Date, probably first century b. c.
L. 5 Dressel-Milchhoefer (p. 436, No. 10) read 'E«pA with
the note 'EAPe oder BAPe?' The B seems to me quite plain.
L. 6 A A ME is distinct, and must not be altered (as m Collitz-Bechtel)
to Ao^ir] — . The names ha^J^mp and Aofumig occur. L. 1 1 *H[py^-
[(mnf\ Collitz-Bechtel ; but Dressel-MOchhoefer rightly read H . . K A - -
L. 12 • A^', Dressel-Milchhoefer : I seem to see AAK L. 14 AXI A
D-M.; my copy gives . XI A. L. 20 ^OZZT, D-M.; AMOSZT
my copy. L. 21 TPATOZE, D-M. L. 22 NfEAOSAP, D-M.;
ANrEAOZAPII my copy. L. 23 D-M. read the fourth letter as A,
I as A. L. 24 .. XYKAHZKA D-M.; TAXYKAHZKAA my copy
617. On a stele of red Laconian stone {rosso aniico\ with pediment
Only the top is preserved. Height ai ; br^th •24 ; thickness •06.
^MMOff I [ifk mXXO/MC
Forms of letters MZ : very slight afnces.
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74 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
618. On a miniature altar of white marble. Height '21 ; breadth -15
(at foot), .13 (above); thickness ^15 (above), -is (at foot). In the
upper surface is a hollow.
"Elpfjvri I AtaiFoivai | MOifKtp.
Letters very roughly inscribed Forms AEOITC
619. On a fragment of a circular abacus of greyish marble on
a column. Thickness of the abacus 'oS. Broken on all sides.
C./.G?. i3io(?).
[AirroKpaToplpg 'Adjpcoixn; | Kxd<raposi\ Sanr^por].
Letters apicated A ^ Si,.
The restoration is uncertain, and the identification with C.LG.
1 310 is merely conjectural; the text in the latter inscription gives A,
not A. We might restore in the present instance [Avrofcporopor Kalaap]ps
'Adj^McuHw I Se/SooToD] ^wrrj^pos\,
620. On a fragment of a bluish m^ble stele, complete on the r. (?).
Length as; breadth 'iiS; thickness •045. The surface is badly
damaged, especially on the r.
\IL
/lOYEM
aXqc
«KA^/
/
62L On a fragment of a white marble stele, complete on the r. and
above. Height •22; breadth •17; thickness -085. In the upper
surface is a dowel hole.
['H irrfx]tff I OP Mt{p) I yr>| - -
Letters apicated : ME in ligature.
On a fragment of white marble ; the 1. edge only is preserved,
but the inscription is complete above. Length -16 ; breadth -09 ;
thickness -04.
Al 6€ai otdaai (n;)
Letters slightly apicated. Forms A€gC : letters tall and
narrow.
628. On two adjacent sides of a fragment of bluish marble. Height
'12 ; breadth •12; thickness *io.
{a) - - (w/Sto) - I - - fow I - - opUov I - - (^) -
{&) KX(a)--|Xoy|-.|(rpo)...
Forms of letters ; the writing of (3) is much larger and coarser
than that of {a). Apices slight.
Perhaps in {5\ 1. 2, we have some part of the name Aoyyeo^r.
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INSCRIPTIONS 75
624. On a fragment of a grejdsh marble stele. The r. hand edge
onlj is preserved. Height a 8 ; breadth -29 ; thickness -oy.
— — 4hX^fM»r Tfv| — — tr olmvo\ — — osot,
Foims of letters 6MC4>VjU«
026. On a fragment of a white marble stele, complete only on the L
Height •2*j ; breadth *i*j; thickness •o?.
— — -|Tf^ — |-.-.- Mpa I hffXo|i - - - jl oAi» I wpral 5
BoQStrophedon : II. i, 3, 5 and f are written from r. to L ; 11. 2,
4 and 6 from L to r. Forms of letters ADE®A^P; the spirtius asper
is represented by B.
626. On a fragment of greyish marble, complete on the 1. Height
•as; breadth aS; thickness -06.
The inscription is complete.
627. On a fragment of a block of white marble, the smface of which
is slighdy curved. Height -ap; breadth -so; thickness *I3. Part of
the upper and L hand edges preserved.
Bi'dv(oc) M KX[avd(tt» ^Kpi^imfiwkm [hf wpttrfivt] \ *ApHrT^{fios] |
[T«>«>«K W] II-- W--. 5
Writing good and careful Forms of letters AMITZA, very slight
aftces,
628. On a fragment of a stone stele, broken on all sides. The
surface of the stone is almost entirely broken away. Height •po;
breadth •40; thickness ^lo.
^Aiu |--(T)6/9'n«l I [^irot^prf?]««tw - - - I
avT6ff\ *(r)--.J--»lOlZOZ II K-- 10
Forms of letters E! TT]C>Q< ; in IL a and 7 rrf is written Jo.
The inscription is too mutilated to permit of any restoration. All
that can be seen is that it contained a list of names, probably magistrates,
two of whom (11. a, 7) were holding office for the second time.
629 A« On the upper surface of a square pillar capital of white
marble. Height -47; breadth •30; thickness •ao.
Avroi(p<Sropo[r] | 'Adpuufov | Kaiirapog | 2«ir$poff.
Forms of letters A ASA : slight aptces. Writing very careless.
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76 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
680. On a fragment of white marble^ broken on all sides. Height
•15 ; breadth aa ; thickness •04.
OE
YoMAC
i ninAT powjfiou
/PBrioGT
NTEP
681. On a fragment of a grey marble stele of which the r. margin,
with a broad moulding, is preserved. Height •14; breadth -la; thick-
ness '085.
IC
V
NA
A
The letters are almost midecipherable, and the reading is quite
uncertain.
682. On a fragment of white marble, broken on all sides. Height
•085 ; breadth -lo ; thickness ^04.
BAPBA
688. On a fragment of white marble, broken on all sides. Height
•06; breadth aa; thickness •os.
/
O I
rp
684. On a slab of white marble. Height •265 ; breadth ^59 ; thick-
ness *03.
Dressel-Milchhoefer, p. 440, No. aa ; Z^^fov, Ji^ftfUMru (Atbeos, 189a), p. 13,
No. 10.
+ 'OfNuf» {ffios iya^ *Apx«XacW | ^ dovXi; rov 6(co)0^() rovg roO cvXoy(9»
liMPOv) JcXi^pov I flr<Syrat rov re pv9 Swto(s) mil rov ficXX]oyroff c2mu Korii r^
5 olttyiov-f II Kpia-tms k/A rtjt dtf^r rov 6(co)v iufit\v€\ owx^pSjaag apaaictvairm
t6 I lipfjfui Tcvro MvBa ww ammavofuu.
Forms of letters X69MZC(U : writing irregular. . Above L i are
three crosses.
In 1. a Dressel-Milchhoefer read cdXoy while Zff(rUnf has cvXor. The
stone shows a combination of the 9 and y IQ ; probably N was first
inscribed and then altered to f.
686-644, 646. These thirteen fragments of inscribed tiles (CoUitz-
Bechtel 4513, 4514) were found at *Ay(a Kvpuuai (Amyclaeum) during
Mr. Tsountas' excavation, and published by him in 'E^^i. *Apxaio\. 189a,
p. 3. Owing to the extreme faintness of some of the letters, it is difficult
in many cases to decide how much to mark as extant, and this fiict has
rendered the identification of several of Tsountas' numbers somewhat
uncertain.
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INSCRIPTIONS 77
M6. On a finagment of a roof-die. Length *o6 ; breadth •045 ; diick-
•016.
Tionntasy 'B^m- 'A^xflioK x893» p. 3» Na 10.
\AM
lh>N
Tsountas reads I AMI in 1. i, but the first stroke does not seem to
me to be vertical In 1. a he writes h)N«
686 A. On a fragment of a roof-tik. Length -as ; breadth ay ; thick-
ness 'Olg.
TaovntUy 'E^/i. 'AfxisuoX. 189a, p. 3» No. 5.
['AXfr>0i(X)«{Mf ] I 'A/oNcXoioi.
The first line (^AiMKmmn) is almost invisible. The tile^ like No.
687, has been twice stamped; of the second impression no letters are
legible.
686 B. On a firagment of a roof-tile. Length "la ; breadth aa ; thick-
ness •015.
Tsoontas, li^Ai. 'A^cuoX. 189a, p. 3, No. 4.
[*A}rcXX«(y)of J 'A^vicXauu.
The letters in L i are exceedingly fiaint Forms AEMoTT^A.
686. On a fragment of a roof-tile. Length -is; breadth -09; thick-
ness -ois.
Tsoimtai^ *B^;<« 'ApxflicK, 189a, p. 3, Na a.
[*Air<lXX«»yof | 4^ *Atwickait{i].
The letters are very faint in 1. a, illegible in 1. 1.
687. On a fragment c( a roof-tile. Length aS ; bieadth as ; thkk-
ness -015.
Tioimtas, 'E^;i. 'A/>x<uoX. 18931 p. 3, No. 6.
(a) ['A]ir<lXX«i{w | ^ *AtivKkaloi\
{d) [*AfrM<€m^ \ h 'A/a/X^M^}
The tile was stamped twice in different places. Forms of letters
onw.
688. On a firagment of a roof-tile. Length •oS ; breadth ^ods ; thick-
ness *oa.
TsonnlaB, 'E^A<* 'Apx<uoX. z89a, p. 3^ No. 7.
Forms of letters AEITO.
689. On a fragment of a roof-tile. Length ao; breadth 'OS; thick-
ness 'Oa.
Tsoimtas, li^/i. *A^x>«^ i^3> P* 3> No. 8.
'Asi(<0[^«m] I h *^vKKdoi\
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78 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
640. On a fragment of a roof-tile. Length -09 ; breadth -07 ; thick-
ness -oa.
Tsonntas, 'E^/i. 'Apx^uoK. 1892, p. 3, No. xa.
*AinS(X)[X»m] I (<V *Afi\vtckalml
641. On a fragment of a roof-tile. Length -09 ; breadth -os ; thick-
ness •015.
Tsonntas, 'E^/l 'A^cuoX. 1892^ pw 5, No. 9.
64SL On a fragment of a roof-tile. Length -06 ; breadth •os ; thick-
ness •01 5.
Tsonntas, 'E^/i. 'A^oioX. 1893, p. 3, No. 14.
['Aff<SXX«>o(() I [iw *A/ivicXa]^i.
648. On a fragment of a roof-tile. Length •08 ; breadth *o85 ; thick-
ness •015.
Tsonntas, *E^fu 'A^aioX. 1893, p. 4.
[da]fMkrio» — — I — — IT ^iXojcX^ —
Forms of letters M O ^<t> : letters in relief on a sunk oblong. The
word ^ii6aios^ 6afji6mog occurs in many tile inscriptions, cf. Nos. 276,
686; Paris, jtlaUe, p. no foU., Nos. 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, [11], 15, 16,
p. 115 ; Waldstein, I^ Argive Heraeum, i. p. 217, p. 218, note 4.
644. On a fragment of a roof-tile. Length -065 ; breadth •og ; thick-
ness •01 6.
Tsonntas, "E^/i. 'ApxaioK Z893, p. 3, No. Ii.
'AfifcSXXttPw] I iw (*AXfiiMcX<uoi].
645. On a fragment of a brick. Length •o? ; breadth •os ; thick-
ness 'Og.
2 A — (a)r.
Letters in relief on a sunk oblong: the inscription reads from
r. toL
646. On a fragment of a roof-die. Length ai ; breadth •09 ; thick-
ness -02.
Tsonntas, *E^fi. 'A^cuoX. 1893, p. 3, No. Z5.
['AirdXX»p]off I [iy *AfMK>uuoi].
647. On a fragment of a greyish marble stele, broken on all sides.
Height •21 ; breadth •23 ; thickness •oS.
Tod, Brit. School Armual, x. p. 66.
- - (ff), dia(/3)[^rw I W <wrcfrayyfXXrVn; Ao[vk/w? | - -]row to(v) - - |
5 «0£* (r(^)[aipciff || mw o2 lunimvjrrff rks (^)[/3&ff| -Jw, ftr
fr[pf <r0w I — — -"
Letters carefully inscribed: forms AESA. In 1. 4 after co^ is an
ivy leaf as mark of punctuation.
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INSCRIPTIONS 79
MS. On a fragment of a massive stele of blaish marble, complete
above and on the 1. Height -ss ; breaddi •46 ; thickness •19.
CJ.G. 1343.
'H n^Xir I Ttfiipunf KXavd[ioy] I Upar^aop Bpao[Uiov] | luik&g irffroXcire[v-
ficiov II KOI Xa/3d](yni ris ttjs) [apMrro|iroXcfrruif rtifjA$ Korii r^ y6fioy]. 5
Forms of letters AETTZ (in L i) E (in succeeding lines) Ci : apices
slight. Of L 6 only 1 tat Amir can be seen. Tiberius Claudius
Pratolaus occurs again in No. 691 (q.v.) and his father Brasidas in
No. 86. The title of (SpKrroiroXirrvr^ff seems to have carried with it
certain privileges : it was granted either for a definite period or for a life-
time, as we see from the use of the title td&ifws dpunviroXircvr^r {C.LG.
1349* 1376, M32, No. 781).
869. On a cylindrical base or altar of white marble, with a rectangular
depression cut in the upper surfiEu:e. Height -75; diameter at the foot
-30, at the top '27.
Zavl I 'EXcvj^piot I *Ait<»||v/kh | 2mipi. 5
Forms of letters AGZll. Below the inscription are two palm
branches with a wreath between them.
670. On a stele of bluish marble, complete at the top and on the 1.
Height •32 ; breadth -23 ; thickness •06.
Zojrl •EX€[v]|^/>(o» *Ajr|TflM*t'w[i] | (2«rg)[pi].
Forms of letters A 600 (0 : apices slight. Above the inscription are
two palm branches with a wreath between them.
671. On a fragment of a bluish marble stele ; the 1. margin alone is
preserved. Height •17 ; breadth •13.; thickness -08.
*Kpuno I •A(rKX(7) | Tf X | n<J(frXw) AftXior ?]
Large, well-cut letters A TT Z!.
672. On a fragment of a bluish marble stele : part of the 1. edge is
preserved. Height •87; breadth -25; thickness -lo. The inscription
is complete below.
f N]«do{Mnroff ? - - I 2]<Me/Kir j [K^p6^iKoi\ | Miw<ra{i^] ||
No(MVo0vXaW?] I Ev/3c#f - - | •AyaA»(ic)[X5ff ?] - - | Sonri | KXf»- 5
[wfiosj - - II KaXX[* — - -. 10
Forms of letters AEGZH : very slight apices. Between 11. 4 and 5
is a blank space of a single line.
The reading of 1. 6 seems certain, yet I know of no name which
begins with Ev^o/S* : probably he is identical with the Eifidptpos
E{;fiap€povQ) of CJ.G. 1 2 78.
676. On a circular base of greyish marble, with moulding at top and
bottom. Height ^^i ; diameter •49.
Le Bas-Foncart 194.
AlroKpaTopi | Kalarapi | 'Ad/NOMM 2f|/3a<rrtti || Imrifpi. 5
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8o SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Forms of letters AEEUJ: apices elaborated.
The omission of the final % of 'AdpuiMM in Le Bas' copy is an error.
686. On a rough slab of grejrish stone, complete above (?) and on
the r. Above the inscription is roughly incised a bird, of whidi only the
back half is preserved. Height '35 ; breadth -25 ; thickness -04.
M e/«m| CIOAPCOAO | - - (r)o dcdMo |
5 OMTOtf It 4
Forms of letters AeEGODCO). The workmanship of this in-
scription is rougher and more unskilful than that of any other in the
museum. Of 1. 2 I can make nothing, though the reading is, I think,
certain, except in the case of the first letter, which may be €. In the
mutilated condition of the stone no restoration is possible : the inscription
seems to be metrical, and is probably an epitaph.
689. On a large stele of bluish marble, with a projection at the foot for
insertion in a socket Height 1*65 (including the projection, 1*76);
breadth •82 ; thickness -ao. From the Amyclaeum. See pp. 202-3.
Collitz-Bechtd 4515 ; ScfarSder, Athim, MUt. 1904, p. 94folL
Mpxov TW4 'AircXXtfini ttdi T^ oTo(r^) A[ir](wX«[/]|AiF AMkXiot,
AfnoArf/igyrq, Avrifiaxoif Tdaxov,
Forms of letters AEMH^A. At least one line of the inscription
has been purposely deleted. Date: third century b.c.
In 1. 3 Tsountas ('E^^i. 'Ap;^aioX. 1892, p. 9) reads AnfiiMftatmi :
cf. Aapinwa CoUitz-Bechtel 4583, 4585. For the name Tdmot cf. No. 509
and note. In 1. 2 Tsountas read KATT A^^T A . . . , noting that the third
letter might be I : Preger gave the true reading (KAIin^^TAiii^)
and restoration. For the <mnno/ cf. Bekker, Anecdoki Groica^ p. 305, ao
irrorwy Apxotfra tUn impankria'iav txovns rots 6ya$o€pyois apx^p (i. e. a kind
of police function), and Hdt. i. 67 ol d^ iiyaBo€pyol tUrt rmp frrariw
(codd. aarrwn orarAv rests on a conjecture of Usener, Jahrh,fUr PhiloL
1889, 376).
690. On a bluish marble base, much chipped. Height 1*48; breadth
•70; thickness •45. From the Amyclaeum.
Tsountas, 'E^^plt 'Apxuo^oTiMi, 1899, p. ai. No. 5; Skias, ibid. p. 955.
[Si^] (fiXo'], &fl{, (TJcoiruyv, (^\adMu, ^irno¥ Ao[ot] |
Wai v^j^^'jfw^ irora/juov vd(y{Kakoif\ \ ^X(£uray||
5 [;(^ajXjcov rt orepoir^ iroXvd[aidaJ|Xoff, iKkiL ml ifdcj
[Wjju^v o-ia 'Afiv«eXar ^^[aro] | Kktuwripas |
10 [Awrap }]loVf rov Kvdot is ol{p^a»6v] || tlpin^ Ixdif^i] \
— — — «r §( cpoTttv opi^vfjLt^vop d(ifr[cd<»y] I
15 [Elpv^iovs dpertjs ccyc(ic)[fy] | mntOtcv.
Writing very rough : the letters are narrow and crowded. Forms
€Mz:ncco.
The above is Skias' restoration of the epigram. The words
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INSCRIPTIONS 8l
restored by Skias are : L. i [aiiv] for Tsountas' [?]. L. 3 ficai] for Tsountas*
[0^]. ird/niXoy]. L. pT Auiroy ?]iov. L. II m. L. 13 [vA^Jc ^if^u^j^ioor.
L. 14 <V^TX5poff] for Tsountas' ^pi?t[ij/).]. L. 15 [Ev^]kXcW. The other
restorations are due to Tsountas.
According to Skias' interpretation, the name of the sculptor of the
ckwr (1. )) is found in verse $, that of his city in verse 6, while the last
verse contains the name of die priest who dedicated it The epithet
'TtudwBiot is applied to Apollo in Nonnus ix. 330.
691. On a grejish marble base, from the Amydaeum. Height i*6o;
breadth ^fa ; thickness ^SS*
Tsountas, l^fufit 'Apxpiff^^oyuHi, 1893, pp. 19, 90, No. a.
(*H «^X^1 I T^^^'P*^) KX4iv(ftioy) llparoka{o)[p] | Bpaatdou te/opm[6f»a¥] \
nrl raff 6Ms c[frl] || ammfpPKffr^ i^tfA ri^y] | Jipx^P KaH Xjtrwpr^Uuf ^]|XorftfU{t H 5
wpoall{f)[(a]\fAipmP t6 tofkkt^iM TilfitpUiv JSXoMov Alklav \\ UpardKaov tov koI XO
Aa§io\KpaTUlioVf Uf^ns Korik ycjyoff Kofrntlov Bouerra | mil K<^yc{ov ApofMoiov Koi \
HoatiiAvos A«/Mirf/raJ| icai 'HpoxXfovf ywdpxBi | iral K6pas Koi Ttfitpiov \ r&v /v 15
T^ *SXci KOI T&p <nfp\Ka3€t^pvii«imp Bt&p \ h ro«f irpoyfy/Mififw||vocff Updisy jcal 90
KXavd^off I Aaf»o<yBt9€ias r&p \ vaiJbvm,
Forms of letters A E02»A ; marked trices.
For the simma of Ti/9. KXov. UparSKoM (cf. No. 648) see J. M. Paton,
TVansctciions of the American Ph'loL Assoc. 1895, p. 39, and No. 86.
In 1. 3 Tsountas reads ayopaa{6iu» Kai\ I omit the nal partly because I do
not think there is sufficient space for it on the stone, piurtly because it
seems improbable that the care of the roads devolved upon an office
distinct from the ayopapoftla. In general the iyopap6f»oi correspond to the
Roman aedtles, one of whose chief duties was the conservation of roads ;
and at Sparta it would seem that one or more of the ayopav6ftM were
charged with this duty, and named ayopa»6iun M t^( 6dovt, If the office
were a distinct one, we would expect the phrase M rfiy 6d&¥,
LI. 11-20 The same priesthoods are held by Claudia Damostheneia
(cf. No. 448), as we see from CJ.G. 1446 and 'E^/i. 'ApxoioX. 1892,
p. 25, No. 8 \ with the addition Mil SKKw B^&v. Boueha s= ohcm : cf.
No. 893 note. Kdppttos oUms (Wide, Lakon, KuUe^ p. 84) is mentioned by
Pausanias (iii. 13* 3): ^ ^^ K^ipffcor, hv OUirap ^yofu^fovo-c, rtfiikf cfxcv
€P ^dprjf xal vfAp 'Hpcu^fdar KortkBup icrX. : SO also IIo<rfidtfy Aco/iorciroff
(Wide, op. cit p. 45) : vapii di tov^AXk^pos t6 ip^P lIoarttd&p6t itrrtp Up6p^
ActfiariTrip di iinpoftaCotMnp (iii. X4. 7). Tsountas has identified TfftfVior
widi Orpheus or Abaris, the founder according to tradition of the temple of
Kore Soteira Ce^»?m. *Apx(uok, 1892, p. 2 1 : cf. Wide, op. cit. p. 296). *EXos
is probably a locsdity in Sparta, and not the town of that name (Boeckh,
ad CJ.G. 1444).
707. Large Ionic architrave block of white marble, from a circular
building. Length 1*78 ; breadth -38; thickness •45. Found in the field
of P. Kalamatianos called BatriXomvKa (The Princess), along with many
other marble blocks belonging to some andent building.
^ Though the name of the priestess has been lost in this inscription, the verbal
identity of the formnlae employed with those of C./.G. 1446 leaves no room for donbt
that both xefiex to the same person.
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82 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
[iK rjdv tlUw Mar<[(ricfvoafy].
Fonns of letters ACQ). The inscription is written in letters -lo m.
high on the concave surface of the block.
712. On three sides of a bricL Length ^ai; breadth •i6s; thick-
ness *o5.
{a) [*Efrc Ka]XXi«c/Nfir«of;
(3) 2icavo^feaff.
{c) Zipmp,
The inscriptions read from r. to 1., and are stamped on the brick
with letters in relief: (a) and M are on the short sides, {b) on one of the
long sides of the brick. Cf. Noe. 276, 686.
Forms of letters AAEZGZn.
718. On a fragment of grey marble, broken on all sides. Height -15;
breadth •065 ; thickness *o65.
V Jl
KP
Letters very roughly formed.
718. On the upper part of a white marble stele, with a very ornate
pediment and acroteria, broken in three pieces : complete except at the
foot. Height -70; breadth '52 ; thickness •ops. From Parori.
5 'AicMuMf* I Mo^ffoff OiK[Xfr«o«? A]\afMd(rnnro(s)j - - —
Forms of^letters E0OTTZ4); aptcss. The surface of the stone is
a good deal injured on the r. Cf. No. 719 note.
719. On a thin stele of bluish marble, complete on the r. and below.
Height -41 ; breadth -30; thickness •04. Found at Parori.
i«Of| — — -ff wpoarorartft \ — — [r^XO ^>«^««wff | — - {p)os
*Iov(Xiof) Aofuu| — - — [X]fvapxi^. | [r^Tof) 'lovJXiof Av(ratpan|ff | [2^ ?^(.
Letters AA6Mnz4): workmanship very poor and rough.
For the term 6 ayaB&g, appended to the name of a magistrate, cf.
C.LG. X239, L 23, 1240, L 36, 1252, 1. 6. The *lovXios Avo-u^idri^
of 1. 8 may be identical with the eponymous patronomus of No. 718,
and with the vp^afivt €<l>6/mv of CJ.G. 1240, coL II, L 6.
720. On a block of greyish marble, complete on r. and L Height •25 ;
breadth -20; thickness 'Xo.
Zap\ [E}\MV$€\pioi *Ai^|r»i«i||MM 2«|r$^
Forms of letters AEGCCO.
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INSCRIPTIONS 83
nL On a stele of grej maible. Height .75; breadth .46; thick-
nesB •105. Found in Magoula.
Collitz-Bechtel 4478.
[*Eiri MffyixXtovf | ol cr^]a«pm 0/ i{i]«S(ravrrs* [MAX - - -]| - Z Nun-
KpAnff (NiMMcpciTovt). BAZ I "" " *^* ♦iXoorpoTow || - ^ oficnyr 5
'ErumTTOV. I — — arwlias '"EtrutpAnvs, j— — - — — — -.|— — wueof, | [2]wa^^pos
Tpv^mtms. || Kvdayoff *linr6pxw. \ KaXXucyNfri^ 4>iX(MFrp^ro[vl | /kSfumror Ti/io- lo
Kp6Tovt. I KX«<^xo^ (KXcofu^xov). | B^daifMMtX^r Eidc^. || J^arparat Stod^ 15
Letters very mde, A TT^^tXli* Below the inscription are a flask,
a circular object (doubdess a m^aipa), and a palm branch. The stone has
lost a certain number of letters since it was copied by Le Bas. L. i
has completely disappeared* and of 1. a only slight traces are still visible/
It is supposed that MAX --(La) and BAZ - - - (L 3) are the
beginnings of a name and patronymic accidentally omitted and added
later (e.g. Ma^^atpUv] Boa{r(a]). The Z at the beginning of 1. 3 was
restored conjecturally [Tdio]t by Foucart, but the inscription has no other
Roman praenamma^ and hence Collitz-Bechtel suggest that it may be the
end of another name of one of the cr^oi^tf. L. 6 OMENHZ Dressel-
Milchhoefer ; "BinM ENHZ Le Bas-Foucart The O, however, is certain.
L. 7 has entirely disappeared. L. 8 "EirlNlKOZ Foucart; YNlKOZ
Dressel-Milchhoefer. Probably [E]0mKO( is to be restored. L. 13
KAEOMAXOZK: Le Bas read KAEOMAK&ZK {Reu. Arch.
i844> 637) or KAEOMA . OZK {Voyage arch/oL 164) r Foucart re-
stored KXc(^fia[x]or <. But the sign denoting the repetition of the name
as patronymic is throughout this inscription K.
777. On a bhiish marble stele, with pediment and acroteria. Height
•69; breadth -40. The back of the stone is left quite rough.
CoUits-Bechtel 4447 ; Michel 653.
Kii^Stif^r *Ayd|pop(xo[v] | warpopdftios, AofUxap^t | Mf Xoy/mrm; irarpoM$|fUiff.
H/Nm^ijcoff *E9rt||(rr/xiroi; iraTpw6fk09, \ KaKKiKparl^ Tifiojaw | frorpointffior. 5
Tif»6(tvof I ^(XoMof irarpo9f6/M9* | Aufj^xap^ Tifto^oxov || irarpoyitffioff. '^
SvnapxM* I *AptaroKp6T7f9 HirtkUku | E^dofi/das KXcMyu/iov. | Ti^idpMrrof
AdffMiyof. I ^Imrofixos Topytmnv, \\ ^iXSftPog /SofiiSka. \ Uaairihis KX«ibopof. | 15
rpa(/ifiarcvr)' 290Tfipt^ 'Aya^oxXcof. |
'Y«'oypa(/iftarctf)* 'ApurroicXiit, 2micpaTl{ay(s]f \ Evrvx/dor.
Tfnjpiirafy Effrv(xXoff].
Formsof letters AEH©MH00E4>A: the ypainll.i7,
18 is in monogram, as also the np of ^/i«rar (1. 19).
Date: probably first century B.a The institution of the patronomate
was due to Cleomenes III (036-220 b.c.): t6 icp6Tos rijs ytpwaUu Kordkwns
vm'pop6iwvt KOTtarrfarfv €vt' oI/t&p (Pausan. ii. 9. i). The head of the
college bore, like those of the other colleges, the title of wpiafiut, and was
eponymous magistrate. See Nos. 218, 219, 220, Sec.
The second word of L 2 has been read by all previous editors
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84 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
dMfioxaptfs : my copy gives Aafk6xapif, and a photograph of the inscription
shows that this is the true residing. A second Lai»6xapit occurs in 1. 9.
778. On a stele of gre3rish marble, with pediment Height '60;
breadth -31 ; thickness ^oss.
AJax^vas \ ^tkmpot | Orfidios,
Letters careful; no afitces, but a slight thickening of strokes at the
extremity. Forms AOXI^jv«
For the grave inscription of another Boeotian see Na 266.
779. On a slab of white marble. Height -52 ; breadth •415 ; thick-
ness •04.
5 AovMor I Utrpmifiov \ BtBw^ NcJMifvf ^[rwy Kf .
Forms of letters A€0C(i) ; veiy slight q^ces. The surface of the
stone towards the L is a good deal damaged, but the reading is certain.
780. On a cylindrical base of white marble. Height •41; diameter 'SO.
ZaA *£K€v\$€ploi *A»\Tmwtlwoi \ 2^pi,
Forms of letters ACG C(i). Below the inscription are two palm
branches and between them a wreath.
78L On a fragment of a massive stele of white marble with dark veins,
broken on all sides. Height 'So; breadth ^42 ; thickness •14.
Tod, Brif. School Ammal^ x. p. 64.
- - /SovXifTr I - o^X^Vov i^iTT^irYoXctrvvTW, | /3id/]ov (d^
5 M((^MDv) (A)d(piyj^ov dia|0crffojff M *Iov(X/ov) 'Opc/»y[o(- o^Mupctf || - -
(a)r>»y ol viffi^cDTffff | rks A/3^ iofff^^fto^ hv (ir)|jp<<r0irr] j — — -
Letters large (-04 high) and well cut, though somewhat cramped :
forms AAEMZ^H; apices marked. LL 2, 4 5- L. 3 MA^PII vl.
L. e'^rXpoi.
My restoration has been based entirely on the analogous inscription
No. 400. In L 6 [llmv]ar6F seems to me the most likely conjecture.
782. On a block of bluish marble, complete only on the r. Height •30;
Inieadth 1*07 ; thickness -16. From Mistra. The inscription is in two
columns, with a vacant space -045 broad between them.
Col. I.
— - mIUI {r)mw im | - - [ir]Air»r€ 11^ i^ff ^^^''^X^] "" " "" I
— — (ir)(Srfpo9 wpaBifmu fj futrBcvfrBai mil fro| — ^ \t)p^ dypo^t i) «ir& li^fpos
jj wapaufm i\\ — — odovr fUfuni/»M iroXXf ft«I(oM( | — — — y mu liUyktfnifUpop ^fU9
tA Tpirw T^ irfir I — — - (ff) (I)) TOW — -* -
Col. IL
— — rftv heutkfitrMmv /3o(^)^(f)[a]v ro^ a!^iKau}U[¥W£ atofuu iltp ai(l>ttp^€r6ai, oOn
ii^oipfi^F ravnfp yr^rc|o^ai mr avKo^xnfrownp i>t ri n di^fufo'ia koX IdmrtKh I fiij
5 rffXcurAu Korii rain w6fMvtr M tfj wtpH pAw rtim iiin^^^fiitfrifo^mif cSrtpn hv wrw
ikatrmn 2 IkfHtplmif mi fu^jrc Kptr^p&nf ) ^pi6ttp*jUL Kt^akmit Mtais Ij ^iifdas
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INSCRIPTIONS 85
Sfovjcrir itrucdkturM, fit i) mi6{€)aSai rois iwuaakt^rofuifoit ici»| — — — — rits dt
iwuck^tw d(ir) — cyfcr^ iwtrptwm W/q, icpavn»| — — — [irji^cpoy Kxamt ytivownu
i) M rf [r]6 di?|| - - - (oX)«r iroMurAu fir ri& /u) i^Mi^yat] | - - (o/mk) r^ 10
mrpuM f I — — — fupa 1) ^. | — — — eraw o — — —
Letters apicated: forms EZ0Z. Of the letters forming the first
three words of Col. U, L i, only small fragments are left.
788. On a stele of greyish marble, complete on the L On the r.
is a portion of the groove which held the dedicated sickle: a small
portion of the r. margin is preserved. Height •^o; breadth '29;
thickness •04.
Tod, AiAm. MitU 1904, 50.
[/Sooy^ff I fux](f)xiMofi«|«i»v iiri varpo\v6f»av Tifi{tplov) KXav||dioi; 5
'Attocov I yfuc^<raff t6 \ vwbuAif ica^|%Nir«$fMov | *ApTtii»di *0p||^^ ciyc(^)[i;|- 10
k]cv.
Forms of letters AeOMTTCXl: aptces. L. a has a mark of
pmictiiation {<>) before M : at the end of 1. 6 is the sign 3 inserted by way
of ornament, as also the leaf at the end of 1. 11.
Tiberius Qaudius Atticus was an Athenian citizen of the deme
Marathon, and father of the famous rhetorician Atticus Herodes. He is
mentioned as eponymous patronomus of Sparta in C./.G. 1241, 1245, as
patron of the Eleutherolaconian League (l.G. iii. 668^ and as am^p ml
KTumfs of Gythium (iUd.).
Date : probably during the reign of Hadrian.
784. On a slab of grejrish marble, complete on the r. and below :
probably no entire line is lost above. The surfEtce is much worn. Height
•18; breadth 1*02; thickness -52.
^Aphrmif 'Apur(r) I u I ^..Kl / - - -
'Ajfdp6iifUB09 'A/MOToicXm <iy{opay]^fuw iwl Sto^imv
Sw^ivow 'Apiartufot 6y9pap6fkO£ in\ ^AparrMpov KtA ol irvptJ[pxoi\'
SixXc/dw 2(i;p)[/irXir)ov Eddatiot Evddpov Mtpotcktidas Evjc <- -
'Aptai^dofiog 'AfM^TtNcXfida "NucdawtFot T(i;)[/i]mv T6pyanrot ^iXc — — 5
'AsfdpSmKos 'ApMrroicXcd[ff] noKvmvtUkis *Apurrdifdpcv 'AyMas 4>iXi((r) — —
'Arrlyoi^t 'Ayri(/ic)MOff 'OXvpnriMMs 'OXrvfiV/x(ov) rpa^ifuir(ff)[t/r-
[•A>dprf{F)acof {'A)plar{m)p€{,) {6^ ^l{^djfi)^ [e]€(o>^r T
Forms of letters AOZTTZA : slight aptces.
Date : first century b. a The name Tif^Uyov in 1. 5 is doubtful.
785. On one of the narrow surfaces of a large slab of white marble,
widi a rebate; the face is slightly curved. Length ^f? ; breadth •63;
thickness -165. Used to fonn one of the narrow sides of a Byzantine
tomb, close to the church of 'Ayia Kvpuuai (Amydaeum).
CoUits-Becfatel 4510.
hAAYX^ yXovf
As the inscription occurs on a surface which is left rough, and there-
fore was not intended to be visible, it is in all probability a mason's mark,
as No. 786.
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86 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
786. On a similar slab of white marble. Length •Sp ; breadth -70 ;
thickness •165. Found in a late wall near the church of 'Ayia Kvpuuc^
(Amjdaeum).
Collitz-Bechtel 451a
AftAot apii6f.
The i employed, though roughly formed, has, I think, four strokes:
Tsountas writes it i. This inscription, like No. 786, is probably a mason's
mark. This stone and the preceding must come from the same building,
as also a third whole slab and four fragments found near by (Tsountas,
loc. dt).
787. On a block of grey marbfe, broken at the foot and lacking the
1. hand upper comer. In the top are two circular and one rectangular
dowel hole, and a hollowed groove which may be original. Height '67 ;
breadth •41 ; thickness •ag. The surface of the stone is much damaged.
Found close to the mill of Mat^ Sparta.
2cid»oO. I [£ul(ja)pil^ (l£u]ipwg) 'lo'i | 4>iXovfWP&[ff] (•iXovfUMiC). |
5 «iX»wd&( EvK II IwnMpdnft | 'Iov(Xmw) N«w MOZI<t> -? | KalOiutp^
10 .- - I 2iFapTtanit 2iMrui(d)o[v]. | EldtufiidKWP BvKTt^fjMPOs^ \\ 'Atfrmptot 'Q^Ximv. \
*lo£kios ('lovX/ov). I Zcvf cinroff Tvvdap(ov)j^s\ \ KXaudior Atow{a) — — — j Mapicof
15 Nfim^^X^^pw]. 11 KflXXiii|Ki(r) | Mp6^mi^] j «iX | ^
Forms of letters AEZiTTZ4>A; marked apices.
The title of these officials Qytpowit) and the date were probably
inscribed on a separate stone : cf. No. 896.
806. On a fragment of a marble slab. Height -ig; width -la;
thickness '045.
--M('Mo)-- I --pAp^rln^,]-. I —,(—.,0.). Xc— I
5--[r]i/9f. A--||--[N*]«oit(X
Letters have slight apices.
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8?
INDICES
I. WORDS AND PHRASES
7%t nuwtbingwm an /I#m rfthi Mtumn.
Mi Trf«, aao ; dy^ r^xF, [ai9l 400-
6iyopa96tun, 204 1, 314, aao, 367, 784 Mr ;
^7. hA Tcb 6M9, 691 ; dyo^Kvo/Uvy
304Z. CI Introd. 1 18.
ti::A'%t »^ SH Hs. cL
Introd. I 39.
AtiKMrtff, 6go-
4#iSMrroff, 398.
^^, 611.
aM»XMf 611.
at«r«of, 9»o, 969, 654, 781.
d«^p8df,44X.
'ArrNi, 953.
d^frroy 999.
AfaHkutf, 269.
dfi^9c«Br6ft, 999.
cvayraNrTaf, 903*
a»^u«»/«i, 946, 959, 385, [45Q «9i-
4^,690.
ara^/wfd, 917 B.
arif<w 400^ 781.
iantwipfik/jroif 946, 691.
4£(io\07dlrraTOf), 243, 544.
^brov^oAivovoa, 548.
ap9r4p,69o.
d^^rnvd^f 1 400.
4|MtfTMroXccTfirn^, 781; i^itfTovoXirdd,
. t«48].
h^iT%fkf%a9^ 994.
dpToi^mvff 903 ; VtW| 999.
d«i«^969.
dfOC^^P^ aao» 544.
ilOitrUmw, 903, 917 B.
dtfuAio, 9x7 A.
lafAXMM^ 917 A ; dtf^^Uioff, 544.
^iXtm, 917 B.
4rpom6t, 968.
oA^^T^, 903, 905, 906, 907.
a^rradhryiXTOf, 400^ [647].
a^nrnpinif^, 904 I, 937, 939, 940, 944,
373# 381, 5071 5a9> L*«9]» ^^9 *• ^•
l ^ a r t a>, 903,
fidKoM^, 905.
jBotfcAi^, 383.
/StBcot, 904 II, 100, [781]; Ml/Oif 909,
903, 697. Ct Introd. § x6.
fioa-fis, 9x8, 41 X «r, [783T; ^oiwy^f, 904 1
qidnqmiiSf 990, 410. Cf. Intzod, § 97.
fiouUros, 691.
^ovXd, 904 I, 917 A, 241 ; fiovX^j 781.
C£ Introd. § 17.
fivfiKiaif^ 969.
fiifumimp^ 959.
B»^^, 990, 221 ; Umpakh 3I9« C£
rM^P^f 967, [456].
Ttpoiwlor, 903, 904 1 Mr, 904 II Mr, 374;
yioorrtSf 9 10, 9 1 1, 6x9 ; 7^orr«iSd0, 404.
Ct. Introd. § 17.
yXv^€^, 903.
ypatiM«Tt4t, 905, 906, 907, [238], 441,
777» 784; ypatiart^, 903; 7mOmni-
Tfvr) /SovAor, 904 I ; ypa/AtimrtOt rm
fiavkSUf 917 a; [7^afvi]iirf^ oiW*
[d/wrr],969.
7pomMiro^«Xa^, 204 IX.
yvfmuruf)^^ 946; yv/of^i^afx^tf 2^.
yvpounrcftrnf 203.
acMiot, 917 B Hs; 9atii6mM, 976, 535, 643;
Av/i^^iof, 208, 975, 789 IL
Sovora, 441 Mr.
AiX^3iot, 404.
Attrw^nis 9ff^, 506.
8^|i^of , sm umatr tfl)|iot.
ftjpdfior, 789 II.
3ia3^r9r, 904 I, 904 n, 400, 647, [ySx].
CC Introd. | 99.
«»«r^,[447].
AlO^M^pilOy 544.
&0'«IOC, 900.
3%n,44X.
ioyimrvypi^, 44I.
801^, M8.
ApO/MUOt, 69X.
Aat/mrdns, 691.
i09ofdff see tifBofdM.
ky9or^, 917 b; l7WAi€r, 441; ItUtw,
2x7 B.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
88 INDICES
IScivrc^Toy, aaa.
^dpt$f»ot, a 1 8.
kKMkffaia, 341.
kkfv$4pie9f su Zcvf .
iBXci^^na, 440 Mj.
hlktfiia, ai7 B.
Irhif^dliluuf hivwoif y 440 quaUr,
imnpoty 506.
imrtrot, 37a; he^nvt, 411, 569. C£
IntrodL § ao.
lix^lCo/MU, a4i.
inBkBL, a 18.
Ivi7fi^i^, ao5, ao6, ao7.
hmcakioitm, 78a II ^; IwicXs^ir, 78a II
^.
l«i/i<X7rdr, a 16 ; lvifMXipi)t v^Xcor, ao4 1.
C£. Introd. § 19.
iwuTKow^f a69-
IvrroT^, 538.
kmn/da^ 78a II.
hcvriLny, 440.
{n^^h aT*, 536- ^ . ,
tffria w6K*tn, [450] ; «oira imo, ai7 B.
«68oA«b (- kfito/iA^, a69.
tOtfyirtit. ai7 A ^fcf.
€*X<V«<^/>*w, 437.
I^opoy, ao3, ao4 1 ter, 30411 Mr, ai5, [341],
343, 36a, 441 Wf, 464, 718, [719J.
i}<9cot, 38a.
*A«^PW» 441.
*»«» a5i» 589-
•»A«^^7, 385.
l9wriK^, 78 a II.
Ic^v^Xot, 317 A.
fcpcik, aoa, 330, 354, 544/^, 691 ; la/w^,
393 ; Upcta, a03. See Apxttpt^,
UpoHrrjt, 313, 317 B. Cf. Introd. f 33.
Itpfy^, 317 B, 439, 441, 446, 533.
Iwwdf»xot. 3o^ I ; IwwIpXV'. 374 ; '««/»X^>
304 I. Ct. Introd. I 33.
l4ri&pi$tiM, see €lo&pi$fiof,
Mafiap/Hfs, 303.
Ka0thipaT6fitow, 783; Kaff<nip€tr6piP, aao,
331.
iBtuA^bv (t), 331.
«V»f , ao3, 305, 306, 307.
M^ir, 304 I, 3XO Ur, 348 quaUTy 41 x ^w.
Cf. Introd. i 37.
KOffffffpeerSptr, see Ka$0tffaT6piOP,
«w«wr(f), 319.
f^^nif 440 '^''•
«f^aXun^ hUtf, 783 II.
ffifepurrJb, 303.
«eX§pot, 634.
«Xmrr<iry 303.
meueript 305, 3o6 ; irMflurr^/i^ 307.
itoaf6r, 317 A /^y 353 ; tceerd, Koty6iF, ai7 B ;
/rocrd Itfrio, 317 B; «ocrd xpitiiueroy
KotfporpdTOt /dyy, aX7 A.
«p4<ir, 333.
Kpaiipim, 78a IL
XciroviryCa, 369, 691.
AcwMi8iay 544.
Ith^ipm, 305, 307, 569 ; M7«P<w, ao3, ao6,
aia
/•dMXXor, 569.
Mortf , 447.
IJuBarrtt, 303, 305, 300, 307.
/«A aa3, 441.
funUdSftionn, 410; fiunx<Moficyoff, 330,
/uai&ofitUy 78a I ; ido^wnSf 783 i.
Movifou, 383.
[/«wrra]7«r|r^, 345.
/MM, ai8, [aao], 331.
NcoiroXTroi, 40a
W(off), 3IO ; ¥§in^pos\ S04 I.
vutUhnSf 440 ; wucAffaSf 400, 731 ; iFdcahc,
440 to; ruHfPos, 3x8, [6^7], 781;
Ir(ff7, 440 gtdnqutes; rtutiafi, 319,
[3ao]; rHttmrtpf aai ; rcuM^oar, 353,
783.
r6/ufi, 303 ^» ai7 A. aa3, 456, [648],
783 II.
ro/wfikaiy 303, 304 I, 304 n, 313, 335,
374, 411, [438], [67a]. Cf. Introd.
pov/u/rlof 333.
^ima, 3x7 B.
clomis, 634.
AcrdAT, 440 to.
ikufuncndm, 393, 509.
*OXtf/tmof, a3a
An«(d>5A«€Fos, 447.
'0/}9c(a, 3x8, 783. Cf. B»p»ia^ Bmpaku
6pid(t», 634.
^P«. 439. 53a-
0^^,440.
O^MTMy 544.
OOp&na, 304 n ; Obpca^tis, 353.
^^^mrofr, 305.
woMviat, 305, ao6 ; wnariaSf 303.
vfluSciK^, 783.
VO^d^Ofy 830.
vv^d^^, 383.
mm)^ i^/wr (I), 456; ffaTi)y> irdXcM (t),
war/H^it, 544.
9€PrpOt^/IOt, 304 XI X««l«f, 3X3, 3X9, 330,
Digit
ized by Google
I. WORDS AND PHRASES
aaz, 400, 630, 777 sexUSf 783. Cf.
Introd. §15.
«c&v^/io9, 396.
vfiorCas, set 'wauufhs,
9dXa, 254.
vcrrocnjpur^t, 253.
v^mMW. 440.
wkturrwtucos, aao,
vXc^fuy, a68.
vA^tfot, 276, 535.
w60odot, 917 B, 941.
»^/«w» 377» 38^ 387»435, 609^> ^»7-
Cf. Introd. § 33.
mktaxw, 440, 544.
nohoiSaia, 440 its,
wpifffivs, 904 I ier, 910, 9ii, 913, 915,
479, 400, 411, [697], [647], 718, [781].
wpOmpifM, 78a II.
wpi(€W€9, 917 A Us, 317 b; v^cif(a,
317 B Mr.
vpo/ufAftom, 917 A.
*poa9^^, 946, 953, 385, 456, 691.
WpOffCTOTtft, 7^9*
v/mrr/wwi, 441.
iMka, 353.
^nri^ 303.
IfjSoirT^f, 330, 339, 507, 599, 544, 676.
ffiy ( - ^(dr) ^paiK, 305, 307.
tfko^idpot, 306.
flrir^Jfrrcf, 301, 303, 203.
^MVo^jRi, 376, 535, 713 d,
9mpQr6/iot, 306.
owor^owoi^, 308.
<nror8o^pof, 313, 411, 719. Cf^ Introd.
I 30.
aiijia AiMi^a, 317 B, 441.
0Tar^, 689.
irrmp»\o9pifms, [393].
0Tc^cv^mAit, 303.
CTpQToycSf 341*
OMPo^ovrd, 783 II.
mrttwpofv&iiMf^ 917 A.
<rrfwvx«, 3I4» ai6, 379, 777, 784;
0vra^(ia, 917 B.
tfvrypaj^, 917 B.
tfirr&«ar, 904 IL Cf. Introd. § 93.
tfiiSrf [8^1 303.
89
r, 383. •
irw^0ot, 913. Cf. Introd. § 93.
ffWKoBiUpv/Uyos, 544, 691.
a^tfodoSf 41 7*
aftupt^, 400, [647], 791, 781. C£ Intxod.
§34-
cr«T^p, 936-37, 339, 940, [944], 254, 367,
3^> 373. 381. 359» 4^^ 503» S07» S^i,
599, S47, 619, 699 A, 669, 670, C '
790, 780.
Too^cM, 905, 906, 907.
TaXcrirofy 399.
Tc^i^ot, 917 B.
676,
rcTf^boy, 440 qwUer,
ttX^Yctot, 389.
TparfMs, 953.
r/Ncutdr, 999.
Tfitcnipueif, 953.
rpdmra, 999 Mr.
rvpOf, 999.
*wtttt«t, 383.
*«!PX/»»'*«, 994.
*«W>^"», 903, 777.
bwoypatiftart^, 777.
ii|^«tfrot, 993.
^tXMpofwot, 317 A, 441.
^cX^COItfOp, 313, 990, 931, 400.
^^warpts, 930, [391], 400.
^cXotfo^^lrroror, 456 Hs.
^iXoHlrya/u», 383.
•Aoi^iof, 939.
XoT/M, 96, 98, 955-^1, 963, 964, 266, 968,
300, 370* 37i> 379 Wf. 380 «f, 38a, 383,
[395], 448, Saa. 5^3, 5^4. SH
XaXjrtoarot, 544.
X«i^, 999.
XOVK 393.
XpwCff^o^], 304 II.
XFniwrli», 456.
Xjpnam^ty 303.
C£ IntrodL i 93.
^^vAiyofroi^, 303.
iM, 370,400, 441 Mr, 446, [647], [781].
II. PROPER NAMES
Thi tnt$nbers giom an those of the Museum.
^hfiiktfrw, 316.
'A^ploty 306.
•A70 - -> 373.
'AToAbf, 347 ; Ih^pMot (t) A., 315.
'ATofcMtA^, 303, 9041, 305 htSy 348, 673,
. 777;
ikyoH0f 533.
•Arj--,6l3.
'A74/Mfr, 307.
'AytfobuMOtf 305, 3 1 6.
'AT^WVOf, 300.
'Ayira, 3o6.
'A7iaitaff, 310, 784.
•A[7{a]t, 305.
Digiti
ized by Google
y>
INDICES
'Atiot Ibf^/Uy 506.
^AfiSfiOf^ 207.
'ATiriX^, 205, 300.
'Adpuu^, 2041, 337, a39» a40» 844. 378.
88i» 507. 5^9. [619]* 6^9 ^ ^7«-
'AMMi,ai7B; 'ABn^ata^i^; 'ABAmm,^^.
'A#9ra»544Mr.
'A^^rnubff, 563.
'AJtUvf (7), 600.
•Aft9«. 64^.
AlrcriSos, [A17].
A&cTOfy 380.
AZnyWof , 377.
Hai^hiwor, 387.
Alcrxfrof , 778.
Al(rxpW, 341.
rAl<r]x<JXof, 369.
AMo/tarrin, 303.
'AKaftwtt^ 317 A ikr.
'AiR&'Aoiroty 533.
'AjR&'dvrot (AoAnof 'Avp^iot), 718,
'A«nof, 317 A, 353.
'AX«£<far«^ 441.
'AXc^of CMXiot), 304 1.
*Ax4^fMX0f» 310, 317 A.
'AXM^iin^t, 306, 317 A, 343.
'AXMntZpSioM, 33a
'AAMurrot, 304 1, 310.
•AA*f/iaxof, [611].
AXnwof, 306.
'AAin^olte, 307.
'Aft&ptamttf 308.
'AfififOMt^t, 317 B ^.
'A/icirnnrot, 307.
^Afikam^f 307.
'A^^/rAcUy 65!o; *A^«Aa£coi, ^i ^;
'A/i4«Xior, 369; 'A/ivkXokm; O35A, B;
Ir 'A/uMcXaroc, 636, 637, [637!, [638],
. [639]. P40I, 641, [643!, [644], [646J.
'Ar qvwot), 373.
Aivurro/Kcvr, 3i 7 A ter,
'AripUu, 306 ^.
'Ara^^ovAot, 31 7 A.
*AF9po/Unpf 307.
'Ardp^yuroffy 303, 673, 777, 784 Ur; 'Ar-
9p6¥tus9tf 304 1.
'Ai^c0ir{a, 355.
'Ar<r«TOfy 30I.
'ApnAKMifif f 06.
*ArrtfiioSf 731.
'Arrf-yorot, 510, 784.
^Avrlfrnx"') ^9*
'Atmu/hnif, 784.
'Arrurx9*i >io Mr.
'Arrivar/wt, 345.
'AnwrciVof, 337, 338, 338 A« 030-36^ 367,
368, 389» 503, Sai, «7o. 7*0, 780;
^Arrwtpos^ 336, 339, 466, 547, 669.
'AWXAoir, iM 'Av^XXm^.
*AwoXXj6detpot, 306.
'Aw^«^, 635 A, [636], 637. [637I, 6a8.
639, 640^ 641, [643], [644], £646];
'AvAXvr, 635 B, 689; 'A, ^Amot,
3 1 7 A* .Sm AcX^K&os, Ed^tiot.
'AmXAinoi^ ^04 1, 363.
'AwfAnos, sm 'AMydi^m.
'Apalr] --,6 1 3.
^Aparas, 307.
'Ap^0tw, ao8 Mr, 367.
'A/)Mv«of, 307.
*A]^iwffOf, 305 Mr, 613.
;Ap..--,350.
A^orrfd, 4^, [440].
Aptuvm, 36a
'A^^r — , 784 ; Ao^o» 0^<iApw#Y]m
'A^«T-->, 381.
'ApiffTOfipos, 3o6, 317 A, 784 Mr.
'Apurrias (lo^Xiot), 41 x.
ApufTwes^ 307.
'Ajijtfriffvot, 314.
*aJn0To - -, 34a, 671.
'Apiirr60iotf 310 Mr.
'SJpt€T6fimtKMj 3041 Mr; EkMtM 'A«»
637 ; Ti^. KXa6, 'A. 304 II.
'Apioroyitnpf 307.
'Afi0T^/iof, 305, 306 Ur, [306I 107 Mr,
3X3, 784.
A^<rrd8urw, 300.
'Api0To«A«fte, 306 Mr, 784.
'ApioroKk^, 305 ter, 3o6, 307 /^, 3 10 Mr,
777,784^.
'A^<rr«rpaTi;r, 303, 304 II, 305, 307, 314,
348 Mr, 400, 441, 535, 777.
'ApttfTMqparMoi, 303« 307.
*Apt0r6iepiTaSf 306 jtf •
'Aptor^Xas, 305, ao6, 307.
'Apitfr^/iaxor, 3o6, 307.
*AptaTo/iitr — , 805.
'A/MOTo/ilrnf, 303, 305, 310, 348 Mr.
'AptffTO/ia49as, 303.
'Apunwudias, 310; 'A^onpcoiCBaf, 304 X.
*Apiari»tMos, 207, 314.
'AjNOT^voAir, 303.
*ApitfTor^Xi^ 446 ter; Kd^mot) 'A.,
3041; T(3.KX.'A., 313.
'Aptcr&npoi, 307, [313]; 'Apirr^r«i|iof,
315,637.
ApiffTww, 335, 784 ^ler.
*A/i{air, 305.
'Af/i^yuMf (Tu KXo^m), 8X0; *AfM-
y^atov, 433.
'ApTtfuf Bcff^lo, 330, 331 ; . 'A. Baip^ia,
3191 "A. *0^(a, 783; "A. wmrptdru,
544., Cf.-Optf€6,.3i8.
Aprtfdrum, 334.
'A/>x<^«<f} 634.
'Apx^CTparas, 317 A.
'Afx»a«af,367.
'Apxfioftoi, 305,
"Afix***©*, ao7, 535.
•ApX^nit, 307.
"A/iXwr, 305.
'A<ria,353; 'Aaii;, 383.
*A(r«Ai7 - -, 671.
*Aa^6Xio9, see UoffiUfif*
'Attuc^, 304 1 ; rifi. KkoMo9 'A., 783.
Ab^ifffSoj 333.
A^cMtAcfte, 689.
AfhoKXis, 689.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
II. PROPER NAMES
91
O^Xviaydff 'A., 410; M. OtfXvwt *A.,
308y 311.
•A^f©af Iny Oi/NiWa, 544.
hipfMatoi^ 205.
•Axoarff, 248.
Bc(8cvvof, 905 ^.
BiAAMr,4lI.
Bc#M^9, 779.
Bi^Xof, 205.
Bouriras, 691. Sm UipriMt.
BokSmof , a66.
B^Mur£tef , 648, 69X ; KXn^Sior) B.» 85.
QJNA^r^ (- B^i^^T^), 969.
Bai|pAi^5ar, 6ia.
Ttu&foxpfi 440.
r^of, ao6; rdlbt 'W^of , 947.
TaXajw^f 400.
Tipawos^ 969.
IVoTof 'Ar , 37a.
TofTufiSof, 90C.
ro^iwlfat, 019.
r^mw^ 9o6y 9i6» 919 bis^ 4x1 M^r, 777,
784.
r^pYit, 917 A.
ropYiW, 904 X, 906.
T^fTfiimni^ 906.
ro/yyOt, 906.
Vpknos^ 9X0 Mr.
r^dvTof (lo^xiot), 569.
r»Ai««ot, 569.
Aa/t , 949, 6x9 hs,
AaitiytircSf 207.
Aa/Mu - - (r^ 'W.), 719,
Aofialrfrot, 400 Mr*
Aa/aoKrlSor, 9 1 7 A.
AmfiAfnffy 905, 913, 9169 98x ; II^vAiot)
Mtf^i^uOT A., 9041.
AflMt^o^^") 5 9 ft.
Aoft&ffiwnt {MapMOf OCknot 0> fiS.
Ao/i^p, 546; hjiiit^p, 544 3m.
AoiMT^Off, 398.
AofUos, 907, 908.
Ao/tt ,590.
Aa^nnfaf, 441 Mr.
AAfumns, 903, 905, 916, 79X.
Aa/ii«r, 906, 9x7 B Mr, 4XX.
--»9X9,464.
999.
—,995,619.
Aa/KMcX^y 905, 9o6y 995, 949, 948 Mr.
AoLf»aKpin/tfio$ sixUs, 905 frnttomUs,
206, [9061 ^^7} ^^9 >io» L^'^J » ^^
KXiw&Of Aa[fMMrp^bi;f], 9x0.
Aa/io«paWaar, 903, 905, 906, 9XO, 949;
lU{wXiot) AZXior A., 220; UMpmtparwtft^
69X.
Aofuueparltf 240.
Ao^i^Aot, 906, [967], 777.
Aa/iori — » 904 II.
Aaim^utiZas^ 9o6, 9x4, 995 (f) ;
rcurfSof , 947.
Aaifi6nKotf 908 quater^ 6x9.
Aaifaoa$iwwi (EAav8(a), 443, 69X.
Aafi6<rTpaT9f, 903 Mr.
Ao^ioStfa, 961*
Aa/c^X<ipif, 203, 777 Mr.
Ai/wr, 777.
AaiftfyroaWf 440 X«rMr.
A^S^fvof , 269.
A«IF - -, XM A«F - -.
AtKo6/motf 372.
AcAi^SiOf, 404.
A^foF^^, 2x7 A.
A4^(9afiOSf 6X9.
Aff u^Tiiry 207.
A€^i/MlX09f 902y 903 Mfy 909.
At^utos, 906.
A^cmnw, 9x0.
A4<rvmra, 6x8.
Ac^ (?), 600.
AffftiTrfPfSse Aa/idr^p.
A«i/^, 393-
A««T^, 544.
AiroMA^t, 203 ; AfivoffXff . 905.
' r, 203; AvroirpAr^t, 205.
Aio - ->, 6x2.
AcmXQs, 203.
Ai^xAia, 379.
AA&mfff - -k 787.
Aior^Mf, 204 II, 205, 206, 908, 569.
AionNT^Swpof, 205.
Ai^rvaof. Ac^w<rof, 544, 628 (I).
Ai^r«ov/NN, 254, 544 Mr ; A4^m»/nm, 447 ;
Aio^/ro^pciOy 544.
Aio[^]i7f, 210.
AiW. 205, 4XX.
AMiHtet, 205.
Apo/iaios, su E^ipmos.
w IZoorciS^.
B^fM^iTr, 6x8.
'EXcvluSria, 440 Mr.
'EAXoi', 220; ISXA^, 253, 383.
'SXof, 69X; HiXot, 44a
'Ervfiar--,440.
Brvfiamdte, 2X0 Mr.
'B«of /)^ctrot, K69 Mx, 628 iX) ; Of SotMnuor
*£., 400; M^pMf 'B«ai^p68iraf, 9io.
'Ewfparot, 2x7 A.
'BriT^CfO, 398.
'Brtyorof, 252.
•»««--, 37a.
'Evwpdnif, 72X.
'EvirrTTOf, 2x0, 252, 564, 791.
']S*<0Tparot, 206, 777.
'E^wtfTor, 204 !•
•ap/i^t, a63, 54A.
» , 525, 6x2 Mj, 787.
Bia/MpiBar^ 205.
B^cvM/i<«r, 205.
B^Mfpot, 805, 906 Mr, 907.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
92
INDICES
BAdrycXor, 205, 61 a.
EitM^pos, 672.
BlfidXMftty 205, 393.
Elofitos, 207.
EMaif«Lmr, 208, 787.
XMcu/cfwr, 207.
E&aoi/HMrX^, ao3^,[2l2], 605, 612,721.
Vi09aiftopl9as, 372.
E^&u^ioriX^f, 207.
llWa//i«r, 4H ^, 435.
BMa/cfte, 203, [205], 248, 372, 777.
B68afwtf 206, 211, 721, 784 ier; r6(tas)
IcM^ot B.) 204 1 ; ^/roTw £^ 544.
B^/upot, [215].
B^^icX^f, 203.
B0^/io(, 441.
Bto- -, 78^
B6icX€^s, 206; nb/cKiiea, [145].
Mmpinp, 203.
B&r/»(ri;$, 204 II.
"BbieHiiucHfy 208, 787.
"BitiimiSom^ 207, 612.
B(^ovf, 203, 205.
E^(GfOt, 207.
B*/w , 612.
V&fwfidi^aaaay 203, 206, 591.
E&/w«X$t, 248 ^, 690; r. I06X10S B.,
204 II.
MpvKpdnp, 203.
E^cX/Sof, 777.
Bftrwx«ar&, 45^? M(^iw) A6p(i(Xioff) B.,
B6Twxf8w, ao5, 210, 777.
Bfrwxw, ao8, 777.
•Bx ^,612.
2t6^unm, 210, 787 ; H((^mn>s) A^K^^o*)
Z., 220.
Zc^f, 544 ^, 611 ; Zf^ kkttf$4fHOs, 226-
36, 367, 368, 389, 4^, 503, S^h 647»
669, 670, 720, 780; Z. 'OX^Mr«»f 330;
Z. TaXcrfras, 222 ; Z. ^narot, 223.
Z^Xcvrot, 203.
Zi^ywr, 712.
Zd(Kri/io$, 569.
•H/weX--, 272(0,612.
•H/KMAof , 543.
H/w«\?», 281, 544; -H. lie^&pxf^, 691.
[e>UfOf, 205.
©€--, 225; MoOKTOf) ©€ - -, 525.
e^cinw, 265.
8€0 , 2X2.
BMotpotf 210, 248, 721.
ec^/MTor, 217 B 6fj.
Of^cyos, 208, 784.
©«^, 50^ 634 Wff.
e<o^^b7;r, 784.
ec450cXof, 248.
ec^^paoYOT, 719.
etfAwvm, [245].
ectfouX/o, 253.
e«riraX<ay^ (Ma/Mcot TiXXior), 370.
ec^S^rot, 217 A.
eci^/root, 784.
Owfrfo, 440.
eiftv, 207, 685.
^$(u6t, 778.
ep<«Tof, 383.
miip€un, 217 A.
e^/xror, 205.
^po^9t, 207.
l^paxpt, ai6.
lc/NNcX$f, 205^ 210 ter,
'lovXior^f (r. Wxiw), 253.
2<^^«, 374, 37««f, C4a81 787 ^.
^««yx<»». 7ai# 777-
Iwoda^iof, 207.
*lwin$fiais, 241 ^£r.
'Iwo/t^&»r, 203.
%ri--,787.
VW]fiXf^in, 209.
Ko---, 612.
EafimOiast 777*
KaSlirap, see Index I.
KaX ^,612.
Kfl^--, 456, 5*5.^72.
KoXXiOMK, 20*j bis,
KdXXoEX^f, 441.
KoXXiir^ar - -, 787.
^^'^'^^'''P^^t 7f 303, 204 1 i^, 205, 206,
207 Ur, a 10 ^, 2x6, 276 ter, 378 Wx,
379. 535. 535 A, 612. 7x2, 721, 787.
EoXXMr^crriSar, 205 his, 206, 209, 225,
248.777.
KoXXiytei^f , 207.
KaXX/voXit, 6X2.
"KaKKiff^t^ia, 203.
^&f^<urros, 43a (0 ; rA(rot) K., 43a.
KdXXXoT/nror, 205, 525.
VkOkktrikfp, 206, 525.
KoXXovira (ACpifXIa), 427.
Kd/ttXXof, 248.
KaplkLfdwF, 217 A.
K^ccof Bourmf, 691 ; EAf¥UOi Apo/auos,
691.
K^pvor, 205.
EtfUe - -, 502.
KXodScor, 787.
KXlorSpof, 206, a 17 A, aao, a4a.
EXcibwp, 777.
EXcd^ovXor, 204 1.
KXi69aiMOt, ao7.
KXc^/iaxof, ao7, 4x1 ^, 7a i bis,
KXw^iTt, [145].
KXc^^orrof (T. 'loi^XfoA 347.
KXlwr, 304 II, 305, 205, 207, 208.
KXcwna^cvr, 6x2.
KXcdEnrv/iof, 207, 210, 672, 777.
KXip^, 214.
KXiWaof, 205, 214,
KK-^^ucos, 207.
KXfrwp, 207.
KXaySK 303.
K«J/«.69i; K^/«^[644]-
Kopcuos^ ao6.
Digit
ized by Google
II. PROPER NAMES
93
K^P«F«of,4i7.
KopdKprm a68.
Efia^QiwoXis, 969.
Elicit, ao6.
KfftTitfrdXaf, aoy.
M», ^53, 524-
KTi|ffi^6r, 107.
K^SoFoSy 7ai.
AociSai/i^or, 917 A, 941^ 969.
iUurc8a(/Mtfr, 9I7 B, 381, [5^7]-
AajK««i8af, 900.
iUl|M — f 61 9.
[Aj^iAmf, 374.
iU5i[««fl], 905.
Aa^romrtdat, 9o6.
AaxdifN^, 905, 917A, 6l9.
Aforrcif, 9o8.
Afoyrc^, 9 18.
AfiMRiwiSft, 990.
AMVitTpi69tttf 905» 951.
Ai«r, 941.
AfwrtlBMi, 544*
A(3vff» 905.
AifWM^, 9041, 904 II, 970.
Ai/voib», 917 A.
AoTT - -, 693.
AayyAin, 938; n^vXiot) II(^/^ot) A.,
Mmot, 779; Ao[^«of t], 647.
Aiii;f<Fl8af, 905,
AMTiiVot, 916.
Aftd^aofj 917 A.
AMMOfttdtp, 6X9.
AMm>yof, 915, 950,
Agcakat, [690I.
AM9iMp6fnp^ 908, 441, 595 ; 'W(Aim) A.,
718 ; VMjtn) 'W(Xiof) A., 715^
AmdfMxo'j 3^ If 305, 906.
Anv^utofy 441.
A»9<^«vor, 905.
A^iwof, 903, 904 II, [904 n], 907,
[372fl4«>;r(4te»)A.,948.
BburtSopia, 953.
MorruEXiff, 903.
M^Mot, 919, 787 ; M(a/Mrof) A^fft?am - -^
781.
llsrpovoXfn^, 9x7 A.
Hfynrvtff, 595.
MiXdnwof, 777.
M^FurSpM, 900.
MflvwrXff, [79 il.
MmftMpArtfff 906.
MMwot, 439.
WbmnMpdnitf 907 ^.
lb^«r, 9041, 907, 679, [787].
Mov^a, 96 ; ll«8aifu, 383.
M/wr, 959.
Mp9ot (Mofi. Aip.), 938.
Mlas (logoff), 787.
N«ur -, j«r Nur >•
Nc^\at, 906.
NcovoXJVai, 40a
N^«r, 913 iS0r.
Ni7«X9f, 906, 441.
W"f-->5«5; »«*--» 376-
Nun--^ 919.
NiiMT^jpof. ti€Utaf6fas, 948.
NuRM^t, 7^9.
Nooki, [909].
Vueapd/Oat, 903, 906 ; II^vA<of) AZX(Mr)
N., 904 I.
Hfimnf^pos, 903, 905, 907 ; 1o6X(iot) N.,411.
JfuiApoaw. Vwi&pttif, 908, 991, 698.
VtM&tri'not, 906 Hs, 679 (t), 784; Niuii-
0t««of, 915.
Numtftair, 976 ier, 535.
Notto, 44Z.
Mut^^o^, 903, 904 1, [395] ; Niur^^opof,
991 Mr, 787; lo^AiOt Nci«4^pof, 9x5.
Nurkt, 907 <#r, 9lo ^, 9X3, 995, 595 ;
N«i«(at, 91 X.
Nunwttat, 9io; Ti. K\atf8cot N., 910.
Nuc^ovXot, [910].
Vut69afioi, 907.
NumrX — . NiowcX — , 805.
MurcMtA^f, 903 l!«r, 906, 9o8, 9X9 Hs,
VtMOKp^rfft, 905, 9io» 605, 79X Hs; Ncuto-
«/)dTi;t, 948, 4XX.
Noro/iaxot, S03.
Mi^o/ti^d^r, 907.
Vacwrrpttnt, 905, 595.
Nkair, 903.
N^irot (Ncp^cof), 904 I.
[Hvf]Xaf, 905.
S«rdMir,^9X.
Scr^pTf, 0X9.
Utpafixiint 7x9.
BcvoffX - -, 974.
BtifOKKddatf 784.
Sci'MeXiJt, 905.
U€ifOKp6rrp, 904 I.
Scr^o^rparot, 9o6.
Utwofiwift, 906 ill.
Siywr, 9X6.
'OXvfMn^Kte, 907 i£r, 784.
'OXtf/tvior, x«f Z<^.
'OXv/orfx*', 95X ; O&oAMW0l(rf 'O., 954.
'OrdtfttrS/iot, 900.
*OMun«Xf(te, 906.
'OrwruEX^, 90a.
'Om^urp^i 943» 544; SlfftfTotOoianilot
•O., 943.
'OnK(f<^, 948, 407, 698; n^vXiot)
AlXiOf 'O., 904 I.
'Chnria (A«/n^), 456.
•OW, 4x7.
'0p#iMI, Sm AfT§tU9.
'OfnnrfSaf, 595.
OOXnor (?), 498.
Digitized by VjOOQ IC
94 INDICES
€>lpmfia, see 'k^poMrtf.
Ofyimaf ao4 U; OCptithf 353.
Ildforpsrof, 6 1 a.
naXXklnyf, 570.
DoF^aX ", 569.
narirpoWABt, 589 ^.
TSatrrtt/daf 203.
IlarrtNKA^, 307.
I]af«,3f7.
llopffaXjf, 548«
II«ruBM)t^ 204 1 bis, [ao«J, 207, 441.
Baffuep&rfft, 204 I, 995 ^* 4''i 44'*
IIaffl/MXM| 214.
Ikurtfftrot, 205,
IIiiffiWXiTt, A41 toy 612, 777.
Umf^ariaSf 012.
IlfiffiBa^iot, 211.
DiMrfmaror, 214*
ntpucxit, 205, 207; ii^vA40f) m;,4iiiuot)
n., 204 L
n4p<ra [245].
ncp^fvr, 981.
nc/»^iXa, 203.
Tlerpimot, 779.
nifrcX^cia, 45^
n&r {UitituM% 204 IL
Qx^rtfTi^te, 447.
nXodros, 20S,
noXifixof , f«» 'AAonUa, 'A^ijrfi.
no\XcW, 526.
IloXXlat, 206.
Uokvaar§Uta, 206, 784.
noXvofrcrof, [417].
UokMLi»at, 207.
noXiJcvierof , 308, 300.
UokvKktiBas, 2c6*
noXvMXiit, 2c6j 216, [61 x].
DoX^iror, 3o6.
DoXiMrrporCSat, 20({.
XXoX^^rparot, 207.
SvAiOf)--, 411.
rXior) AfAiot - -, 428,^671].
DoiTfctcby Aaffiorffdtit, 091; Ilo0^i<ibr
'A<r^(tXios, 544 ; IIoho(8aia, 440 to.
TUxfihwnfi, 206.
npo - -, 271.
npa^t/UwTjv (IVUor), 595.
IVorlot, 247.
n^rdXoot, 204 II (f ) ; Ttfifyutt XAo^ot
n., 648, 691 ; Tifiipiot Eka£9iOt AlXior
a, 691.
OparSkas, 303 ter, 207 ; Q^ Ui/iiuot TL,
DifMnSrurof, 202, 203, 204 n (I), 206
^«rf/r, 207, 396, 612, 777; n^or^
ycutof, 372.
UpoToyhnp (Ti/li^coff KXa^ot), 508.
npcariv¥, 569.
Di^M, 25a.
nwXA/air (Fdlot 'MXiOf), 210.
Tior^C?), 524.
Tod^, 2ia
a aX fl/i« b>mf, 508.
2Mo/»xo», 205.
Sftrv/iM,437.
Sifai^787.
X^ruftot, 204 1, 204 IL
Xtpmrioiw, 212.
Sn^ipivippioiif y 207*
X4/«vvor, 205, 207 to, 784.
SiMrrof, 903, 203 ^ 204 I, 206.
Si«X<(8aff, 784.
SueX^f, 207.
H/*M, 207.
%wofantf 205, 207 to; Scfv^/imt, 204 U.
*XW» ao5, 206.
Xl«r, 206.
SmrfBof, 206.
:e/ivpnubt, 253.
:Soadf, 207.
Soif i^K&v, 2o6.
Xwiprff. 268, [^17].
^^rof^Tidn^, 208, 787.
:»r - -, 612.
9rf^ar<McX$f, 207.
^r^^orot, 203^ 204 I, 907 tetf 262.
^TpOTtOtf 206, 207*
'trpierm, 205 to.
ay --,372.
SvaySpofy 210, 721.
Stt^riiror, 205, 206.
^mrXciSat, 216; XowrX^Sof, 210.
S»«/wr - -, 672.
SMtfHirw, 203, 267, 448.
IfiMtparktt, 777.
XflWKpaT^dot, 249, 61 2.
adkrorpM, 217 A.
Xmti - -, 672.
Jmvt&btp, 787.
%ual$wt, 248 to.
Swfffiki/iof, 208.
SaMri«pAnyf, [203], 205, [376], 410, 787.
Sw^£ruN>f, 247 ; Itc^. Ai^. So0ffircu»f9 aax.
SwtffvoXit, 211.
'Siiorpagrm^ 721.
a8»T*/»« (toc.), 964.
a«m7p(a, 528.
Smp(8at, 207, 908, 258, 372, 441, 777.
5»T^xo», a 10, 371, 548.
Xan-tor, 2x7 A.
TUn^, 2x7 A.
TiBiXcrfrBt, j»r Zc^.
T^pof, 306, 207.
rdtrgas, 509, 689.
TaxwcX^t, 6X2.
T^/i -, x«f Tifi ^
Tciott/ifv^, 205, 248,456; Titf^c^iir^y 906.
TiX - -, 67X.
TtfutrSaSf 691.
Ttrapriotw, 206, 2Xa
Thaiprotf 44X.
T4/4€rof (I), 784.
Ttwt&ty 524.
Tf/idyo|por, 9o6 to.
Digiti
ized by Google
11. PROPER NAMES
95
tijidptirrot, 777,
TlMOWOf, 525,
Tifioyiwfftf 206,
TifMofMf, 203.
Tf/M«A$f, ao7 ^ify aio, 6ia; Tfi^wcXft,
aii(r>
Ti/MNr/Ninjt, aog, [205], ao7, 6ia, 721 ;
T4ifiOKp6nif, [637].
Tt/tSMptros, [2 io]y 3 16.
Ti^i^Xai^ aoo, 307.
Ti^cFOf, ao7, 777 Hr.
Tifunf, ao7 Hs, a 10.
TirBi^CBtu, aao, 447; Tw^afUm, 7.
T^oSdi^y 381.
Tp^pof (t), 546.
T/>^, 731.
T/MU>f, 368.
Tw9^m, 303 Mr, 787.
T^, 368, 544; t^ 6^ayhftty 544.
CL [3I9J9 330» 400.
T^ivTOf, 304 1, a75.
^■MTTOffi 38 a Mf*
♦fi8« - -, 373.
•t[X]--,rfia,787.
•tXioff, 307.
«iXi^«f, ao8, [sxo]; r. todXiot ♦., 308.
♦iX^/Mfr, 634.
•UiTrot) 310 Ht.
*0u - -, 7^
4(\nnrDf, aoK Mr^ aia.
♦iXiff - -, 784.
^tXtOT^ttat, 377.
4iAMTi«r, 317 A.
«iXo--,376:
4lXMBflMy 303.
*tXcMkMu, ao5 ; r(4laf) loi^Aiof) #iX*-
«iXMXlyf, 3Q4 1 «f, ao6, ao7, 309,643, 777.
^iXoKpArifs, 30^ II, 348 Mf.
♦iA^/iov#off, 310, 330.
fiXorurfSat, 305 ; 4iAorfi«ttaf, 3I3.
«iA^<Mt, 305, 306, 335 (!), 777.
^tk6arpoTott 303,306, 353, 731 Mr.
#iX0V|ia^, 3o8, 787 Mr.
♦iXoOaa, 356.
«iX<(^p«r 307.
«iX0xa^3^i 304 II (f), 373.
«(X«r, 3o6, 778.
MUtfWBat, 303 Mr, ao6, 376, 787.
••«^«",37»-
#oii9{8af , 303.
«oc^£«r, 353.
♦••^ - -I 544-
307,
Xa^f, 365.
Za(poiry305.
X&Xtrof, 3IO 3ftr.
XaA«<ouPot, 544.
Xo^&off, 305.
Xo^iTM, 306; Ib^Xiot X., 304 I.
Xf - -, 805.
Xp4<mf Clo^Aiof), 411.
xJnNri^oir, 3I3 Mr.
XJwo^dYOivt, 3041, 4x1 ; IId«(AOf)X., 304 1.
*ap^w (io^\iotV 781.
*0^iAi«r ('Arrdbnof), 787.
--i£«i7t,784.
OfMOt, 6l3.
awif^pof, 373.
- - ««Cot, 689.
mh
- - drtftf 373,
--«X<», HI.
- - das, 348.
--a»/wf,369.
- «rnrXO-, 384-
- - c^rutof, 384.
- «of, 369 Mr.
--1819,905,335,373,374.
- ueptnidas, 384.
- lAiar^, 456.
- iWO/A -, 374.
- - miias, 731.
- - iwwof , 305, 378.
. . ifo8 . Sot, 6ia.
- - kr, 335.
--s<8iit. 731.
--[»>tnrf,148«r.
- - XIbs, 335.
--Aijf, 37a-
- - /laxof, 371.
- |Mrof>37>-
--/orof, 51a
- rtdrw, 36a.
- - rfiM -, 805.
- - p6fiiot, 633.
- - [(]o^> 6x3.
--Mfot,a&.
--ocXft, 304x1 Mr.
--OAilri|t,73i.
-- ^1*01,6x7,633.
--•or, 373.
- — <rrpsTOf, 61 3.
--n|, 38.
- TPOf, 544.
- - ftrum^ 73X.
--♦^,404-
- - ifrOof, 7x9 Mr.
Digiti
ized by Google
TABLES
PASSAGES IN THE INTRODUCTION DEALING WITH
EACH INSCRIPTION
MmMo. Introd.%
MusJ^o.
Introd,%
MusJTo. IfUrod.\
MusJfo.
Intro(L%
7
28
371, 373
46
439
41
599
2-4
36,38
88
373
44
440
2-4,29
600
28
86
11
a74
46
441
7
605
48
^45
40
^75
28
"^
11
611
2-4,82
30O
2-4
376, 377
88
7
6X3
17
30I-3
26
381
9
%
2-4,29
617
82
304
14,22
300
88
88
6x8
28
:r
26
363
42
45«
9
610
81
20
z^h 368
81
462,463
46
630
46
309
3IO-I3
21
17
369
370
21
86
%
14
81
631
633-4
9
46
313
28
371
88
500
21
63!
2-4
314
18
37a
21
501
80
48
317 A
14
373
81
503
46
6^1
639 A
16
19
6
374
376
377
378
22
46
fSi
81
86
21
81
317B
3X8-31
6,28
80
21
82
13
81
86
530-33
^34
46
86
333
89
46
509
82
^35-4^
88
333
28
379.380
88
510
46
647
24
334
235
336-37
8
14,16
381
38a, 383
81
84
6"
5", 5*3
81
88
648
609,670
10
81
81
384
21
5H
84
671
21
338
46
385
9
!:i
21
673
14,16
339, 340
81
386, 387
2-4,82
82
676
81
341
6
389
81
ss
48
685
84
343
14
393
11,12
28
689,690
29
H3
10
394
46
539
81
691
9,18
a44
81
IP
88
53a
41
707
28
345
88
18
535
88
713
88
346
9
398
87
535 A
88
718
46
a47» 248
21
400
24
54*
29
14
349, 350
46
401
46
543
88
719
46
351
11,12
404
28
544
10
730
81
353
10,12
407
88
!S
46
731
24
^53
10
408
6
28
778, 779
18
^54
28
410
80
547
561;
81
86
355-61
88
4"
14
84
780
81
363
6
418
87
88
781
24
363, 36a
88
46
21
783
8
365, 366
86
437
28
569
20
783
80
367
11
438,439
46
589
11
784 ,
18
368
84
43a
21
591
48
785, 786
42
369
44
435
82
598
46
787.805
21
370
24
Digiti
ized by Google
97
II. SHOWING THE CONCORDANCE BETWEEN THE
NUMBERING OF COLLITZ-BECHTEL AND THE MUSEUM.
C^B.
Mus.
C'B.
Mus.
C'B.
3ius.
C'B.
Mus,
»379
217 a
4435
500
445a
216
4499
220
4404
200
4436
485
4457
214
4500
219 + 501
4408
526
4437
569
4461
276, 585
4501
218
4410
611
4439
224
4463
884
4506
251
4416
440
4440
208
4454
7
4510
785-6
4417
600
4441
202
4465
404
4513
685-42,
44ao
886
444a
201
4478
721
644, 646
44"
887
4444
207
4490
879
4514
648
44aa
877
4445
205
4493
466
4515
45>6
689
44^3
898
4446
206
4494
280
441
4438
145
4447
777
449^
222
4517
896
4430
217 b
4451
612
4498
221
45^4
447
HI. SHOWING THE CONCORDANCE BETWEEN THE
NUMBERING OF LE BAS-FOUCART AND THE MUSEUM.
UB.'F. Mus.
U B.'F.
Mus.
Li B.'F.
Mus.
U B.'F.
Mus.
i6aa 221
165 a (note)
202
168 f
216
194
676
i6ab 219 + 501
163 b
207
168 g
411
194 a
217 b
i6ac 218
163 c
205
173 a
210
194 b
224
16a f 7
163 d
206
175
648
194 d
217 a
i6ag 254
16a h 404
164
721
175 c
248
195
879
167 a
145
MM
258
ao3d
251
i6aj 220
i6ak 222
168
777
245
ao3g
264
168 a
215
189
227
aiib
882
163 a 208
168 c
214
19a
280
ail d
268
163 a (note) 201
168 e
896
Digiti
ized by Google
PART II
SCULPTURE
ABBREVIATIONS, &c.
H, - Height. Th. - Thickneia.
L. * Length. DL * Diameter.
B. - Breadth. R. r. • Right
D. - Depth. L. L - Left.
D~M. » Dressel and Milchho'er, Dii aniikin Kumtwerke aus Sparta und
Umgelmng {Ath. MitL II (1877), p. 293 seqq.).
F-W. « Friedrichs- Woken, DU Gipsabgiisse aniiktr Bildwerke,
Perrot. — Perrot and Chipies, HistHre de Part dans PatUiquiU,
CoUignon. «s Collignon, Histoirt de la sculpture grecque
Overbeck. » OTerbeck, Geschichte der grieckischen Plastik, Fonith Edition.
Robert. B Robert, Die antiken Sarkophag-Reliefi,
£-y, - Amdt and Amelung, EiuMelau/kakmem antiker Skulpiuren (Text to
1511-1334 by Sievekiog).
S. Q, • OTerbeck, AmttAe SchriftquelUn.
/. H. S. B Journal ofHelkmc Studies.
£, M, C. - British Mnsenm Catalogue.
All nmnben which refer to objecti in the^Mnaeam are given in thicker type,
e.g.468.
For Inscriptions, and Miscellaneous Antiquities* see thoae two sections of
the Catalogue.
Digiti
ized by Google
INTRODUCTION
THE LITERARY HISTORY OF SPARTAN ART.
§ I. A brief account of what is known of the histoiy of Spartan art
from literary sources should rather precede than follow a discussion of the
actual monuments. The information that is to be drawn from the litera-
ture is not great The earliest Spartan artists of whom we have record
are various pupils of Dipoenus and Skyllis. These two artists were Cretans
and pupils of Daedalus. They worked principally in the Peloponnesus \
but there is no record of their working in Sparta. But another Cretan
artist Cheirisophus worked at Tegea', which lies just outside Laconia,
and was in historical times a close ally of Sparta. Besides we shall see
hter that early Tegean art can be brought into close connexion with
Spartan. Besides &e Spartan artists themselves, there were one or two
artists from other parts of Greece who were employed at Sparta. A
tabular list of all these artists will be convenient.
A. Spartan artists* : —
WprJks. MaUrial.
Thbocles, (i) Atlas bearing heaven. \
a Lacedaemonian, (a) Herades, the five ^^"LpMlAr
Before 540 B.C. perida, the apple-tree, and r*^***"'
the snake. /
Place,
IOWmpia,
Efpidamnian
Txeasnry.
DORTCLBIDAS,
a Lacedaemonian.
Before 540B.C.
DoNTAS, brother
of Dorydeidas.
Before 540 B.C.
GiriADAS^
€irca4$2 B.C.
Themis as mother of the
Horae.
(i) Heracles against Ache-
Ions (Zens, I>eianeira,
Achelons, Hendes, Ares,
Athena),
(a) Hera?
Zeus?
Ares?
Athena?
I
Athena Chalkioecns ^Hera-
des* labours (incWing
Tolnntary labours), Rape of
Leukippids, Nvmphs givinff
to PerKus heunet and
sandals, Birth of Athena,
and Amphitrite and Posei-
don on lower part of statue
which was henn-shaped).
Aphrodite and Artemis.
Gold and
ivory.
Cedar and
gold.
Gold and
ivory.
Bronze
(hanunered?).
Olympia,
Heraenm.
Olvmpia,
M^;arian
Treasury.
Olympia,
Heraeum.
SparU.
Branse.
Amjdae.
» S. Q. 3". '
' The necessary references to the following artists will be easily
AntiJki SckriftqueUiH.
H3
Digiti
345-
ittOverbeck's
ized by Google
lOO SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
B. Other artists : —
IVorJks. Material. Place.
Thbodorus, The Skias. Sparta.
ofSamos.
circa 576 B.c.
Clearchus, Zens. Bronze. Sparta, Temple of
ofRheginm. Athena ChalkU
circa 520 B. a oecui.
Bathyclrs, Throne of Amydaean Amydae.
of Magnesia ad Apollo.
Sipylnm.
circa 556 B.C.
It is remarkable that none of these artists worked in stone. They
seem to have preferred to confine themselves to decorative work in
wood or metal. As regards Clearchus of Rhegium Pausanias elsewhere
says he was the master of Pythagoras of Rhegimn, and was a pupil of
Eucheims of Corinth, a pupU of Syagras and Chartas, two Spartiates.
Clearchus may quite possibly have learnt both from Dipoenus and Skyllis,
and from Eucheiras. At all events his artistic training was derived from a
Peloponnesian school taught by the Cretans, Dipoenus and Skyllis. It is
natural to expect an early artistic connexion between Crete and Laconia.
Crete was one of the great foci of Mycenaean civilization ; Laconia, to
decide only by the Vaphio cups and the wall of Las, must have been another.
Districts possessing the same civilization must have had connexion with
one another. And if we see in the Eleuthema statue a work of the Cretan
Daedalids, we should recognize in the Frankovrysis and Hagiorgitika
statues together with one at Sparta (676) the work of the Daedalids in the
Peloponnesus \ Amongst the early athlete statues at Olympia was one
of Eutelidas, a Spartiate boy who was victorious in the wrestling and the
peniathlon in the thirty-eighth Olympiad (628 b.c.). There is no description
of it, nor is it known how long after the victory it was set up. It may be
assumed, however, that the figure was very square and flat with the arms
glued to the sides like 826. Apart from these no connexion between the
literature and the monuments can be made out. We might, however,
instance the Dhimitzana bone reliefs' as possibly being similar to the
decorative work in wood or ivory and gold of Dontas and Dorycleidas.
In this early period art at Sparta seems to have flourished. But in the
golden age of Greek art we have little monumental, and still less literary,
evidence for the existence of art in Sparta. For the fifth century before
Gitiadas there is only Gorgias, a Laconian, who was also apparently
active at Athens. Artists of unknown date * are Cratinus, a Spartiate,
who made the statue of Philles, a boy wrestler of Elis, at Olympia: and
Ariston and Telestas, two Laconians, who made a colossal Zeus, eighteen
feet high, for the Cleitorians at Olympia. As regards these last artists
Pausanias remarked that he did not believe they had been famous, else
the Eleans and still more the Lacedaemonians would have had something
to tell about them. The Zeus dedicated at Olympia after a Messenian
War must be assigned to an early period : but its exact date is doubtful.
To the fourth century belonged the statue of Kyniska : but it is not known
^ Cf. E. S. Forster, Brit, School Annual^ tUI. p. 274; also v, below § 14.
» /. H. S. 1891, pi. XI.
' 9. Bmnn, G.d.^. UlA. 11$; Orerbecki S. Q, 356 a ; Lowy» /. G, B. 36 ; Lolling,
Cat. Inscr, Acrop., p. 43, 35-38.
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if the artists of these were Spartans or not \ Of later artists we know that
one of the famous workers of iareumata during the Hellenistic period was
Callicrates, a Lacedaemonian. Lastly to come to the imperial period,
a certain Demetrius seems to have been active about the second
centurj a.d. His name appears on a headless herm once in Sparta and
also on two other inscriptions'. The base of an honorary statue at Hagia
Sophia bears the signature of Aurelius Nikephorus, an unknown artist of
the same period •. A work signed by Apollonius of Athens, a Neo- Attic
artist of the first century a.d., also found its way to Sparta ^863). Two
Athenian artists of this name are known ; one the son of Nestor signed
the Belvedere torso, the other the son of Archias the bronze bust of the
Doryphorus firom Herculaneum, and perhaps a base from the bouleuterion
at Athens. The name is also found on a Satyr statue in the Leconfield
collection, and on an Apollo in the Despuig collection in Majorca^.
We could conjecture that the Apollonius who signed these two latter
statues was the same artist whose name appears on the Sparta fragment
(363), and that he worked for an export trade in Athens. It is also
recorded that there were at Sparta portraits of Lycurgus, Polydorus, and
Pausanias ; and that at Olympia were portraits of Archidamus III, who died
338 B.C., of Areus, and of an athlete Seleadas ^ There was also at Delphi
a statue of Archidamus standing with a statue of Philip II on either side
of the bronze Phryne •. This portrait Furtw^ngler wishes to recognize
in the inscribed bust from Herculaneum as a portrait of Archidamus II ^.
Wolters however prefers to take the bust as a portrait of Archidamus III,
and overlooks the Delphi statue : and it is not definitely known which
Archidamus this represented. But since the artist of the bust is unknown
it cannot be brought into a discussion of Spartan sculpture : it seems to
be a typical portrait of the late fourth century. As regards the other
portraits mentioned, we know neither their dates nor their artists, and it
is therefore impossible to attempt to place them in any particular period.
It will be thus seen that a history of Spartan art cannot be drawn from
literary sources. But in spite of their character the Spartans would not
seem to have been unartistic. Several of the artists mentioned above are
described as Spartiates, and others as Lacedaemonians: these names
indicate Spartans proper as opposed to Laconians or Perioeki. An
attempt must now be made to reconstruct a development of art in Laconia
from the extant monuments. But first it will be advisable to discuss the
two principal groups of monuments peculiar to Laconia, the Hero and the
Dioscuri relief. In all cases it must be borne in mind that the dates
assigned from questions of style are assigned only by the analogy of
Attic art : and so due allowance must be made, since art in Laconia was
probably backward. In any case the dates are only approximate.
* Pans. V. 34. 3; vi. 1. 6; Olympia^ Inschriften^ 352, 160,
* Doe a headless herm in the chnrdi of Hagios Spyridon at Mistr^, D-M. 157 ; the
other C. /. G, 1330 ; S, Q. 2297 A.
» S. Q. 3398; C. /. G, 1403.
* S, Q, 3314-3330. The Apollo is now in the Jacobsen collection, No. 47 ;
Hiibncr, No. 78.
" S. Q, 1619, 1638, 1634, 1635 ; Fansanias, vi. 15. 5 ; 16. 4.
* S. Q, 1370.
* Masterpieces^ 321. I, v, Wolters, Rom, Mitt, 1888, p. 113.
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MONUMENTS. MATERIAL.
§ 9. As regards the sculpture in the Museum the first point to be con-
sidered is the material employed. This is almost invariably the local marble
won from the steep sides of Taygetus. This local marble varies very
much in grain and in colour. The latter varies from white to dull blue ;
and it frequently shows greenish veins of mica. From one quarry very
difficult of approach between Anavryti and Mistrk a fine grained white
marble very like Pentelic is obtained. From the southern ranges of
Taygetus towards Taenarum comes the red marble known as Rosso antico.
It is interesting to remark that this was used for sculpture as early as the
second century b.c. Of marbles imported into Laconia there are several
varieties. First of all comes Pentelic : all the sculptures in this marble
are, with one exception only, of the imperial period. There are two pieces
of what looks like Parian marble. And further we find also a marble
that looks very like that from Dho-
liank by Tegea K This might be
Taygetus marble or come firom
elsewhere in Laconia, for there
are also quarries inParnon behind
Chrysapha. There are also in the
Museum one piece of alabaster,
three pieces of a peculiar soapy
marble, and a fragment of green
granite. Whether these are native
or imported is not certain ; but
the soapy marble is probably
native. Limestone was also oc-
casionally used for sculpture, and
also a bluish marble-Uke stone
especially in the archaic period.
And for three fragments in the
Museum a rather coarse sand-
stone is the material employed
Fig. I.
The great majority of the sculptures in the Museum are thus of local
materml, and therefore probably the work of local artists.
ARCHAIC HERO RELIEFS.
§ 3. Archaic art is well represented. Its most important monuments are
the well-known and typical Spartan Hero reliefs. Reliefs belonging to this
series have been found not only in Sparta and its immediate neighbourhood,
but also elsewhere in Laconia at Geraki, the ancient Geronthrae. There
are several besides those in the Museum : it will therefore be convenient
to give a list of them.
A*. Relief from Chrysapha ; now in Berlin : No. 731. Blue gray local
stone. H. .87, B. -66 —65, D. 10—13, Relief height -07. D-M. 7.
F-W. 58. Fig. I.
* Sec Waihington, Am, /(mm. Arch, 1898, p. i, on the difficulty of deciding the
provenance of marble.
' I follow for the sake of convenience of reference the nnmbering of Milchhofer,
Arch, Zeit. 1881, p. 294. For Ml discussions of these reliefs see Milclihofer, Ath,
Mitt, 1877, P* 443 ; do- 1879, P- i^'J ^^^^* Zeit, 1881, Ice. cit,\ Furtwangler, Ath.
MitL 1882, p. 160; do. 1883, P* 33^; (^oll, Sabouroff, Introd., p. 25; F. Gardner,
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The relief is complete and undamaged. The heroized deceased are
shown enthroned in profile to the right The throne has a high straight
back ending above in a palmette seen en face. The front and back legs
are made to imitate an animal's fore and hind legs. The arm ends in a
hemispherical ornament, and rests on a lathe-cut support. The head of
the male figure alone is given en face : his legs are strictly in profile, while
his body is in three-quarter face. He is clad in a long chiton, indicated
by vertical incised lines, and a himation rendered by oblique incised lines.
In his right hand he holds out a cantharus, and h^ left hand is held out
with the thumb uppermost and the palm towards the spectator. He wears
sandals. The shape of the head is round and unnatural : the eyes are
large, prominent, and ellipsoid. The mouth is pursed up, and the comers
curve upwards in an archaic smile. The hair is filleted ; it is arranged
along the forehead in a row of curls» and falls down in two long plaited
locks over each shoulder. The edge of the chin is flat ; this is probably
due to the technique of cuttmg out the relief in parallel flat planes^. The
whole of the lower jaw and chin projects forward considerably. Behind
is seen the female figure : her feet and legs, head, breast and arms are the
only parts of her visible. She wears a shoe with an upturned toe, and is
y. H, S. 1884, p. lao, and for Totenmakl and other limilar reliefs see Rouse, Greek Votive
Offerings, chap, i ; Miss Harrison, FroUgpmena to Greek Religion^ p. 350 ; von Fritze,
Atk. Mitt, 1896, p. 347 ; F-W. 1053, and Deneken*8 article * Heros ' in Roscher's
Lexikaiu
^ Milchhofer {Ath, MUt. 1877, p. 304), Friedrichs-Wolters ^p. 39), and Perrot (vol.
vUL p. 440. i) believe that the beard was intended to be indicated, and was
rendered by painting.
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clad apparently only in a long chiton rendered by vertical incised lines.
Her right hand which rests on her knee holds a pomegranate; with her
left hand she holds out her veil before her. Her features are sharp and
angular : the eye is shown en face. Over the back of her head she wears
a cap : on the forehead the hair is arranged in a broad plait, the end of
which hangs down before the ear. The feet of both rest on a footstool.
In profile to left below the cantharus are seen advancing towards the heroes
two worshippers with offerings. They do not overlap as on B, but are
placed one before the other. The man in front carries in his right hand
a cock and in his left an t%%. He is clad in a plain long chiton : his hair
is filleted, but cut short on the neck. Behind him comes the woman
holding in her right hand a pomegranate flower and in her left a pome-
granate. Her hair is dressed like that of the heroine, except that there is
no plait before the ear, and the hair hangs in a long pigtail down the back.
She is clad in a long chiton rendered by oblique incised lines. Behind
Fig.4-
Fig. 5-
the throne curling upwards from beneath it in a decorative manner is a
great, scaly, bearded snake.
B. Museum, 3. Fig. 2.
C. Museum, 816.
D. Museum, 416.
E. Museum, 461.
F. Museum, 4. Fig. 3.
Q. Dressel-MilchhOfer, 13. Present whereabouts not known.
H. Relief at Berlin: No. 732. From Sparta. Bluish marble. H. .20,
B. -31, Relief height •01. D-M. 15. Fig. 4.
Found north-east of Magula. The lower half of the slab is wanting.
It shows a draped youth in profile to the right; all below his hips is broken
off. Above his forehead the hair is arranged in two rows of tight curls.
The eye is not rendered in profile. He is nude save for a chlamys which
falls over both shoulders. In his left hand he holds a spear, and in his
right a pomegranate (?). Before him a snake curls up towards the left
I. Relief at Athens: Nat. Mus. 1417. Arch. ZeiL 1881, p. 294, pi.
17. 2. Bluish marble. H. .28, B. .16. F-W. 65. E-V. 1265. Fig. 5.
From Chrysapha. A bearded male figure is represented standing in
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io5
profile to the left. He is clad in a himation over his left shoulder, across
the back, and round the legs. The right foot is advanced. His right
hand holds a cantharus, his left a pomegranate (?). In the air before him
is an erect snake curling up over the cantharus. The hair is filleted, and
rendered by long flowing locks. The folds of the drapery are incised,
and the eyes are big. Very low relief, its average height is '0025. Ordi-
nary late work of about the third century b. c^
K. Timocles relief, at Dhimitzana. A/h. MitL 1879, p. 127. Blue
marble. H. -42, B. -35. Lower left-hand comer broken away. Fig. 6.
An unbearded male figure is shown enthroned in profile to the left.
The legs are in true profile, the body in three-quarter profile, and the head
is en face. The hair is parted in the centre, and two long locks hang
down over each shoulder. He is clad in a long, short-sleeved chiton and
a himation, rendered respectively by vertical and oblique incised lines.
An end of the himation hangs down between the arm and seat of the
throne. The left hand, resting on the arm of the throne, holds a pome-
granate, and the right holds out a cantharus. On the left is a snake erect
curling over to the right above the cantharus. The throne is similar to
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
that on A, but much more coarsely rendered. Both legs of the man are
shown. The work is flat and clumsy, but not naturally archaic : it seems
to be a later relief in the archaic spirit by an unskilled artist.
L. Aristocles relief, at Dhimitzana. D-M. 258. Ath, MitL 1879,
p. 127. Bluish marble. H. ^40, B. '28. Fig. 7.
It shows a bearded man in three-quarter profile to the lefl seated on
a high square stool with turned legs. The right foot is drawn back
and placed behind the left heel. The features are much destroyed : he
wears a hunation over the left shoulder, and round the lower limbs. The
left hand holds the himation together on the left side : the right hand
holds straight out in front a cantharus. On the right behind the stool
is a snake coiled: its body is extended upwards obliquely behind the man :
in the top left-hand comer its head and neck curve up beak-like to drink
out of the cantharas. Rather late work.
M. Relief in Piraeus Museum. From Sparta. Bluish marble-like stone.
H. .36, B. 20, Relief height -02. Aih. MitL 1881, p. 358 ; Arch. ZeiL
1881, p. 294; Rev. El Grecques^ 1902, p. 138. i. Fig. 8.
A youth is shown in profile to the left seated on a marble throne, and
clad in a himation thrown round his lower limbs. His left elbow rests
^ Lowy {E-V, he. cit.) suggests it bel<Hig8 to the fifth century*
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SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
on the ann of the throne and his right hand holds out a cantharus of
narrow and elongated shape. From his right side a snake curls up to
drink from the cantharus, as on the Aristocles relief. All details are
rendered coarsely and rudely : the limbs are thick and clumsy especially
the body which is partly en /ace : the execution is very unskilful. One of
the latest of the series. Inscribed NIKUUI ANHZHKETVXA.
N. Relief at Geraki (Geronthrae). In the bouse of the Demarch,
G. Papanikolaou. Schr5der, Aih. Mitt. 1904, p. 42, fig. 5. Bluish marble-
like stone. H. .35, B. •41, Relief height -005. Fig. 9.
Top right-hand and lower left-hand comers broken away. Narrow
flat border all round. Slightly broader at the bottom where an inscription
is engraved. On the left a bearded male figure is seated in profile to the
right. The seat so far as can be seen had a hemispherical top. He is
clad only in a himation round the lower limbs. The body is in three-
quarter profile : the left arm and shoulder are fiilly indicated. The right
hand holds out a cantharus from which drinks a snake curling up before
him : his left hand is held over the snake's head as though caressing it
Only one leg is shown.
The man's head is very big:
the hair is long and hangs
down all round in a solid
undetailed mass cut short
on the neck. The nose pro-
jects, and the chin recedes.
Before him on the right and
higher in the relief field (no
ground line is indicated) is
a nude male figure (small)
standing in profile to the
left: body in three-quarter
profile, right arm raised in
adoration, left dropped at
side. Both legs are seen,
the right being in fix>nt. The chest is broad and the hips narrow.
Behind is a similar figure, sUghdy shorter, in a similar attitude; it is
apparendy female. All above the chest is broken off: but the chest
seems narrow, and the hips are broad. The relief is very flat and lacks
detail. All the forms are very sharp and angular, not rounded, and given
in contour shape only. Archaic work of sixth century ^. Below is an
illegible inscription.
O. Relief at Geraki (Geronthrae). Built (upside down) into the south-
east comer of a ruined Byzantine chapel just under the north-west wall of
the Kastro, about three-quarters of an hour from Geraki village ^ Frag-
ment only. H. -31, B. .41, Relief height .01. Ashen-coloured marble-like
local stone.
It shows a bearded man seated in profile to the right His nose is
^ Schroder however nyi, ' Du Relief ist nicfat dat Werk einer jugendlicfa nnbehol-
fenen Kanst, sondem das eines Stumpers, der ein eeeebenes Vorbild nachzuahmen
nicht imstande ist,' Atk. Mitt, he. at.
* This relief was discovered by Mr. Tod, who most khidlv told me of it and has
allowed me to publish it Unfortunately owing to its position it is practically impossible
either to photograph it or to examine it dose^.
Fig. 9.
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107
long, his beard sharp and pointed, the forehead recedes. There are
incised lines to indicate the neck, the upper edge of the right arm, and
Fig. la
the end of the sleeve of the chiton. The right arm is held upwards in
a curve, and the hand grasps a cantharus. The left arm and the details
of the throne (?) are not distinguishable.
The right side of the relief is badly
damaged, and the whole is badly weathered;
the lower half is wanting, and the left side
broken. Certainly good archaic work of
the sixth century.
P. Museum, 491.
Q« Museum, 606. Fig. 10.
B. Museum, 683 ^ Fig. 11.
Their importance.
§ 4. This long series of reliefs is most Fig* ii«
important. From them it is possible to
form some idea of the development of local sculpture in Laconia from
the sixth century onwards, at least as far as relief is concerned. Also as
development in the style is noticed, a change also is to be seen in the
actual representation on the relief. The conservatism of religion is well
illustrated by the archaistic spirit of F, E, and (^ One of the most
noticeable points is the tendency for the representation to become
simplified. The discussion of the representations and their style will be
made more easy by the following classification.
^ Milchbdfer {ArcA. Zei/, 1883, p. 327) and Deneken (Roscher, i. 3568) would
include 18 also in this aeries : howerer its connexion hardly seems proved.
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And olassifloatLon.
I. Heroes enthroned to the right.
Male figure only.
II. Heroes enthroned to the left.
•N.
Geraki
Berlin
Sparta, 3
Sparta, 816
Geraki
Sparta, 416
E. Sparta, 461
P. Sparta, 481
F. Sparta, 4
B.
C.
O.
Male figure only.
Simpler type.
III. Hero standing to the right.
To the left.
G.
K.
Q.
B.
L.
H.
L
?
Timocles*
Sparta, 606
Sparta, 688
Ajristocles
Piraeus
Berlin.
Athens.
Sixth century \
Fifth century.
Fourth century.
Third centu^.
Sixth century.
Third century.
Their explanation.
§ 5. This series of reliefs are rightly explained as 'Hero Reliefs': that is
to say they are reliefs set up to deceased ancestors by their descendants \
This at once becomes clear on an examination of the symbols ^ present
on the majority of the reliefs.
The snake is very common on grave reliefs and hero reliefs ; its signi-
ficance is to be explained by the following passage from Plutarch
{Ckomenes 29)': — fRfef rvficyc^ bpoKovra rg K€<f>dki (of Cleomenes) ircpi-
vkeyfuwop' €k dc rovrov dtiailkufiovia wpoatirta-t ry /Soo-tXf I (Ptolemy Philo-
pator) Koi <f>6^s m dpdp6s ayffptjfMvov (^co^iXovff km Kpcirrovof r^v KJiwrttf,
ol y 'AXcfaydpcif kbu, wpoa-erpeirop . . . ^pwi r^ KXco/ici^y Koi $€&¥ iratda
TTpoaayoptvomrts. &xp^s oZ Karhrawajf cArovs ol cro^corcpoi ^b6vTts X6ymf &s
HtXIrras ftttf jScScr, <r<l>iJKat d* tmroi Karaoanfyrfs f^avSovfriy xaaSapoi d' iivo>p t6
avr6 7ra66vr»¥ CwtyovovPTcu, rh, ^ apBpwniva Qwyuara^ t&v frcpl r6p fivcXiv lx^p»P
<rvppofiv Tiva xai tTvuraav iv icanoig \aP6vT»Vy ^ccr cofodldwri, koi tovto kot-
i8($prcff 61 iraXatol fuiXtora r&v (cM»y t6v dpoKOPra rotr ifpt^ffi avw^fiwtraif.
The pomegranate is explained by Prof. Percy Gardner • as the
characteristic food of the shades, based on the use of the pomegranate
in the Kore legend. The pomegranate fruit and flower might have the
same significance as the tgg, which is said to be a well-known sym-
bol of life after death. Life brings death, and from the dead are sprung
the living, just as the flower turns to fruit, and from the fruit when
^ The dates must be considered as only approximate. In fiact C is certainly later
than D and B : and it is of course absurd to suppose that Class I ended with the sixth
or that Class II did not begin till the fifth centnry; this is shown clearly by the
transitional characters of O, B, and IS.
' Fnitwfingler {Mh, Miti, i88a, p. 162) considers the relief archaic and the inscription
late.
' Dressel and Milchhofer {Atk, Mitt, 1877, p. 443 seqq.) first interpreted them as
votive reliefs to Chthonian deities: von Sallet {Zeit.f. Num, v. (1878) p. 320)
attempted to interpret them as votives to Asclepios and Hygieia.
^ Most of the symbols are to be fonnd on the Harpy tomb, B. M, Sculpt, Cat, i. 94.
» Cf. Aelian, Hist. An, L 51 ; Plin. x. 56. 86 ; Serv. Am. v. 95 ; Orig. c, Ceis, 5,
p. ao3.
• /. ff. S. 1884, p. 130.
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INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE I09
planted spring in due time fresh flowers. The pomegranate is said also to
have been a recognized symbol of fmitfiilness ; and for this reason, it is
supposed, it is carried by Aphrodite \ This explanation, however, hardly
seems fuUy satisfactory or convincing.
In the Persephone legend one idea was that by eating food in the
underworld a bond with the dead was established, as a common meal
united all the guests. But another idea was no doubt due to the food
eaten, the pomegranate. The tree sprang from the blood of Dionysus
Zagreus' : a pomegranate was planted on the graves of Menoeceus and
of Eteocles '. The fruit expedited birth, and the flowers, it was said,
stsfun/ pofu menses feminarum ^ It was an emblem of Hera which
Pausanias refuses to explain ^ The mystae at Eleusis would not eat it
nor did the Thesmophoriazusae ' ; and those who took part in the Haloa
feast^ were forbidden to eat amongst other things pomegranates, domestic
fowls, and eggs, all of which appear on these Spartan reliefs. It therefore
probably had some mystic meaning which is as yet unknown*. In fact
Achilles Tatius, after mentioning a young and rather Apolline statue of
Zeus Kasios at Pelusium who held a pomegranate in his hand, says
Fowls were forbidden to the Eleusinian mystae: and eggs are
mentioned by Lucian as the refuse of ' purification,' and it seems that they
were also oflfered to the dead. Cocks appear on three reliefs to the Dios-
curi ^useum 866, the Verona relief, and one from Sparta in Athens,
Nat Mus. 1439, V. below, p. 113), who were heroes. These too then in
all probability had a ritual significance still unknown ^^
The dog is said to be the constant companion of Chthonian deities ;
and the horse likewise from its appearance on many ' Toienmahl* (Funeral
feast) and Hero reliefs is said to be the attribute of the hero, though some
authorities attempt to prove that the horse has a Chthonian significance.
It may also be true that the horse and dog owe their appearance, as
suggested by some, to the custom of slaying the steed and the hound of the
deceased and of burying them with him. But it is more probably true that
owing to the Greek's innate abhorrence of death, the hero is represented
as he was in this life". If he was a hunter, a hound is shown on the relief ;
if he was a knight, the horse is represented. This seems to be borne out,
when it is remarked that neither the hound nor the horse is always shown
on Hero reliefs ; in fact in the Spartan series they are chiefly conspicuous
by their absence ^*.
^ V. Famell, Cults of the Gruk S/ates, L p. ai6, ii. p. 6g/6. For the egg v, Cnrtiiu,
^fxA. ZeU, 1855, pp. 4, 7.
* Clem. Alex. Froirept, ii. lo.
* Pans. iz. 25. i ; Philostr. imag, ii ap, i. 4.
* Plin. N. £t, xxiiL 107, iia.
' Pans, ii, 1*1. 4.
* PorpliyT. ae Abstm, hr. 16 ; Clem. Alex. /. c.
^ Luaan, Dial. Meritr. vii. 4 ; Miu Harrison, Prolegomena to Gruk Religion,
p. 148. For nse of pomegranates at modem Greek marriages see Abbott, Macedonian
Folklore, P- i77* ^r* Dawicins teUs me that in £. Crete the bride breaks a pome-
granate on entering her new home. Pomegranate seeds are used in making the
Kikuda eaten in memory of the dead, Schmidt, Volksleben, p. 55.
* This is a brief snmmaiy of Sxkes and Allen's note, Homeric Hymns, Demeier, 37a.
* iii. 6.
^* For the qnestion of fowls and eggs see Miss Harrison, op, cit, pp. 149, 629.
'^ 9. Frazer on Pansanias tL 6. 8.
** The hound appears twice, on 9 and Q ; the horse is represented only once, on Q.
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SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
The cantharus too has probably the same meaning. The hero is
represented as feasting, which to the ancient, as it is also to the modem
Greeks, was practically the greatest pleasure. Many authorities hold that
the cantharus typifies the libations offered to the dead ; and Prof. Percy
Gardner suggests it may be a hint to his descendants that he does
desire libations ^ Most reliefs on which the snake drinks from the
cantharus are not earlier than the fourth century, and probably show
a misunderstanding of the type. But they may emphasize the idea that
the hero is the snake : he after casting the slough of the mortal body
renews his existence as a snake, as that reptile by perpetually casting its
slough perpetually renews itself.
AnalogouB reliefk
$ 6. These reliefs, then, are practically funereal. At first they are pure
* Hero Reliefs/ belonging to the cult of heroized ancestors in general * :
but later they obviously approach very near to the ordinary grave relief,
especially K, L, and M. On the other side they approach very close to
the * ToUnmahl* reliefs. This is shown by an archaic (sixth century) relief
fromTegea*. (Fig. 12.) This relief
shows on the left a woman enthroned
in profile to the right, holding out her
veil with her left, and a pomegranate
flower in her right hand. Before her
stands in profile to the right a nude
youth holding in his dropped right
hand an oenochoe and in his raised
left a wreath. On the extreme right,
just before the breakage, the end of
a couch is seen and on it the feet of
the hero; before the couch stood
a table. This cult is by no means
peculiar to Sparta and Laconia. The
Tegea relief shows it existed in Ar-
cadia. Two reliefs from Argos prove
its existence there: one shows a
warrior riding to the left, before hhn
rises a snake, and behind it is a tall cantharus : &e other shows merely a
huge cantharus over which rises a snake as though to drinks
This latter relief finds parallels in two reliefs from Boeotia, both of which
show a tall cantharus only'. A relief from Livadhia also parallels the
Spartan series*. A beardless, but aged man is represented in profile to
the right. His lower limbs are covered with a himation. His foot (only
one is visible) rests on a footstool: it seems to wear a shoe with an
upturned point. The left hand holds out a staff, and the right a large
cantharus. The whole relief is very flat, and the hair is not plastically
PauMmits mentions painted TombstoHis on whidi hounds and a horse appear (tA.
aa. 6; yii. 35. 13).
^ J' ff,S, loc, cit, p. lao.
' V, Fnrtwangler, Ath. Mitt i88a, p. 164.
* Now in Athens. Cavradias, TKmh rw *E$wut60 Mov^iiov, 55 ; Milchho£er, Atk*
Mitt, 1879, p. 135. 3a, pL VII ; Svoronos, *lSB9uc^ Kowrtioiff p. 100^ pi. XXIL
* Ath, Mttt, 1879, PP* H^t ^h% i^o*- I >Ad 7. The second relidf beais an inscrip-
tion sayinff, ' I am the nero s.'
* Ath. Mitt. 1878, p. 331, nos. 31 and 3a. * Ath. Mitt. 1878, V^'^*l% no. 9.
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Fig. la.
INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE
III
rendered. Probably details would have been rendered by painting. A
vase firom Boeotia also shows a similar subject The hero wreathed
facing to the left is reclining on a couch before which is a table. His left
hand holds a fruit, and his right holds out a cantharus from which drinks
a huge curling snale \
And to go yet further afield, a relief from Olbia belongs to the type of
Ii and M*. It shows a hero enthroned; he is besu-dless, wears a
himation about his lower limbs, and holds out in his hand a cantharus.
From the side of the throne a curling snake erects itself Above hangs
a shield and armour ; before him is an altar, and a procession with an
offering approaches.
Also a relief in Naples has some connexion with this type. It shows
Hebe, clad in a Doric chiton and a veil-like himation held by her left
hand, advancing in three-quarter profile to the right towards Heracles
seated on the steps of a shrine in three-quarter profile to the left. In his
left hand he carries the club and the
lion's skin, his right hand holds out a
cantharus: Hebe carries an oenochoe
in her right hand *.
Again the standing type shown by H
and I finds some analogy in the stele
of Lyseas, an Attic monument of the
early fifth century*. It is a painted
stele. Lyseas is shown standing to the
right holding in his raised right hand
a lustration branch, and in his dropped
left the cantharus.
The * Spende * motiye.
$ 7. Another Laconian relief from
near Areopolis in the western Maina,
gives further variation of the Hero type
(Fig. 13). It is only a fragment, but
enough remains to decide the subject
On the left stands in profile to the right
a maiden clad in a long chiton, and a veil-like himation which she
holds out with her left hand like the female figure on A, B, and others of
the Spartan series. With her right hand she pours out wine from an
oenochoe into a cantharus held out by a hero who was probably enthroned
in profile to the left. The relief dates from the later sixth century*.
This is what is known as the * Spende* motive*. The only other archaic
specimen of this motive was found at Tegea, and it seems now to have
disappeared. On it the female figure pours wine into a phiale ^. This is
the best known type of the Spende motive, and is very common in Neo-
« "B^. 'Af^x. 1890, pi. VIL
* Ouvaroff, RechireJus sur I Ant. tU /. RusHe Mir. pL XIIL
» Arch, Zeit, i86a, pi. 163, 3.
* Aih, MUt. 1879, P^- !• Carvadias, rXwral m^ iBtfrciKov Moiwff/ov^ 3a The
relief at Charada, near Areopolis, also is connected with this type : v. Sduoder, Atk,
MUt. 1004, p. 4^.
■ Ath. MUt. 1883, p. 364, pL XVL Now in the JacobwQ coUectioQ, La GlypUfthipu
Ny-Carlsberg, pi. 4, A.
* Ath. MUt. 1879. p. 166 ; do. 1883, p. 366.
^ Le Bas, Voyag9y mm.fy. pi. 103.
Fig. 13.
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112 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Attic work. It appears on third-century reliefs at Sparta^ and Leyden*.
It also occurs on later reliefs at Rome, Berlin, Paris, and in the British
Museum '. Since in all these instances the person holding the phiale is a
god, it is probable that the phiale typifies a libation to a god, while the
cantharus is the sign of the hero represented as feastmg. The Hero
reliefs where the phiale replaces the cantharus are not earlier than the
fourth century \ Further, on the one relief which shows a god, and on
which the cantharus replaces the phiale, the god represented is Dionysus:
and the cantharus is his peculiar cup. This, then, with the above reserva-
tion may be considered as the general rule for the Spende reliefs, without
going farther into the history of the type, which would not be to the
purpose here, that the phiale indicates a god and the cantharus a hero.
§ 8. Thus it will be seen that these Laconian reliefs are not an isolated
group, at least as far as the subject is concerned. They are a class of To/en-
mahl* reliefs, which also illustrate the same custom as the Spartan reliefs.
The object in every case is to represent the dead as he was in life, and as
delighting in those things in which he had in life taken deUght '. This is
the simplest and most rational explanation, since it applies equally to Hero
reliefs, * Toienmahl* reliefs and grave stelae. There is no need to con-
nect them with the cult of the dead, which was universal in Greece, and in
the lands of kindred nations both prehistoric and historic, and which finds
many parallels amongst uncivilized nations to-day, the cult, that is to
say, that arose from the belief that where the dead is buried there the
spirit resides. And if the descendants properly feed and care for the
spirit with offerings of meat, drink and the like, the spirit remains there
to help and protect them ^. It is from this that a rather far-fetched ex-
planation of the ordinary grave relief like the stele of Hegeso is derived.
The seated figure is the heroine, the slave girl the worshipper, and the
jewel casket she bears is the offering ^
It cannot be said that this Spartan series in any way illustrates the
funeral customs of the Lacedaemonians, unless the fact that only some of
the reliefs bear names is due to the custom mentioned by Plutarch that only
the tombs of those Spartans who fell in batde were inscribed with their
names'. It may perhaps be interesting to remark here that the Spartans
buried their dead in the time of Lycurgus, and that their kings were
probably always buried. At least, if a king died abroad his body was em-
balmed and conveyed to Sparta for inhumation *.
Beliefii of a similar oharaoter.
§ 9. There are also in Sparta Museum a few reliefs which are related to
the class just discussed. The principal monument is the ' Totenmahl* relief
(678), which is a late example and of Pentelic marble, so that it is at least
^ Muflenm, 468.
■ Ath. MUt. 1883, p. 367, pi. xvin.
* Schrdber, Hell, RelUfiikUr, 34, 35, 36. Cknc. i as. 40, 41, 63. Mus, MarbUst
ii. 13.
* i. e. those at Palermo, Ath, Mitt, 1883, p. 370 ; at Paris, Clarac. 150. a66 ; in the
British Museum, Mus, MdrbUs, ii. 41 ; and on a tempcotta at Monich, Arch, Zeit,
1 86a, pi. 163. I.
* Ct. Ernest Gardner, Ancient Athens, p. 464.
* V. Ridgeway, Early Afi, Chapter Vll.
^ Harrison- VerraU, Mythology and Monuments of Athens, p. 590.
* Inst, Lac, 18.
* Platarch, Lycurgus 2J, Ages, 60; Xen. HeU. r, 3. 19; Diod. Sic. zv. 93. 6;
NepoSy Ages. 8.
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INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE
"3
doabtful whether the relief is local or imported \ Of the other reliefs one
is) shows merely a large coiled snake with erected head. The second
856) shows a snake with its month against an egg. This may indicate
an offering to the deceased ; or the relief may refer to the legend of the
miraculoas egg*. The third (666) is inexplicable; it shows a man
hm'ling sometlnng at a snake, with the obvious intention of harming it
It may be a grave relief showing how impiety caused death ; or it may
indicate that there were bad as well as benign heroes.
DIOSCURI RELIEFS.
§ lo. The second important series of monuments in the Museum consists
of the Dioscuri reliefs. It will be convenient to give a list of them inserting
those from Laconia and not in Sparta, before proceeding to discuss them
and their types •.
Sixth Century.
676. Amphorae* jjj^^j^^
447. Fifth Cintury.
319. Horses. No mka.
688. d6Kapa (no figures).
818. Amphorae (no figures).
Third Century.
Athens, Nat Mus. 1439. niXoc. Cocks.
H. .45, B. .30. D-M. 213. Gable-topped stele with acroteria. The
Dioscuri stand facing one another in exacdy symmetrical attitudes. Inner
leg free and crossed over outer. Inner arm rests on spear : outer arm
resting on hips holds up chlamys falling across back from inner shoulder:
both wear sriXoc. Between them by their lances are two cocks.
Second Century.
SOL Helen.
IIiXou
S02. Helen. Horses.
208. Helen.
8. Horses.
868. Horses. Amphorae, no
iriXoi.
Verona. Museo Lapidario
555. Amphorae. d6Kwn. Cock.
ntxoi.
H. 41, L. .73. Dtltschke,
538. Roscher, i. p. 11 71 fig.
(FiR. 14.)
On left on a square base
stand images of Dioscuri to right
1. arm on chest,
wear iriXoi, are wrapped in chlamydes ;
r. dropped at side; L foot advanced. Before them
* 165 is probably also a feigment of Totenmahl relief; it is also apparently of
in the gable of the early
Pentelic marble.
'Seep. ii6. An egg guarded by serpents appears
Dioscnri relief 575. . , .,
* For a full discussion of the Dioscnri see the articles in Roscher's LsxtAon, and
Panly-Wi8sowa*8 Emyc/opOdU, Eitrem, Dis gmHchm ZwUHng*, and R. Harris,
Dioscwri in Ckristian L^tnds,
* After the numbers axe added the attributes shown on the relief.
S.C.
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IGXoi*
114 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
stand on a high base two tall amphorae of the usual type ; in front
of this is a low altar with a boar (horse ?) carved on one side. On the
right stands a man (Argenidas) clad in chiton, holding with his right
hand some object against the nearest amphora. Behind him in a luir-
boar in an overhanging cliff is a small boat. Above, on the cliff stand
two Mieapa, below which is inscribed ANAKEION: from the L one
a snake curls out towards the nearest amphora. Round the edge of
the rocky harbour are carved small animals : on the point of the rock is
a cock. Said to have come from a Laconian seaport.
FiEST Century.
490. Horses.
10. Horses.
291. Horses. Amphorae.
7. Amphorae.
14 b.
467.
Athens, Nat Mns. 2371. IliXoff.
H. •49, R 'Sa. D-M. 206. Right hand Dioscurus only : stands en
/ace; 1. free leg ; 1. hand shoulders sword ; wears mkog ; long hair ; nude.
On right bordered by fluted column with leaf capital Fragment.
Mistrk. Table. Amphorae.
Bluish marble. H. •28, B. -40. B-M. 235. In Museum at Metropolis.
Only legs of Dioscuri visible en face \ inner legs free: outer arms held
spears, supported chlamydes. Between them a kind of table on which are
traces of objects : under table stand two tall lidless amphorae. Fragment.
Gunari. Horses. nSXop.
H. -28, B. -17. D-M. 216. In church of Hagios Georgios. Left hand
Dioscurus only in profile to the r. Behind his horse, which he holds with
his L hand; r. hand holds a spear, and chlamys hangs over it: r. leg free:
wears srcXo^. Fragment
FiBST CSNTURT, A. D.
665. Horses. \ ,
15 a. Horses. I
58L Horses. I nZXoc
5U. ]
Levetzova. Horses. Amphorae. ICXm.
H. -57, B. -sp. D^M. 208. Bluish marble. Dioscuri stand fiu:ing
each otiber in three-quarter profile. Outer legs free : r. Dioscurus, inner
arm raised, outer dropped : 1. Dioscurus, outer arm raised, inner holds
patera. Each wears a chlamys over the shotilder, and a pileus. Between
their legs in front stand two tall, fat-bodied amphorae. In back and above
horses just visible. Much worn.
Sbcomd Century, a.d.
9. Horses (heads only) ^ niXw.
The S^oro.
$ 1 1. On two of these reliefs the d^niMi appear ; these were the oldest
images of the Dioscuri in Spartan territory, as ezphtined by the following
^ Two reliefo given bj D-M., I have not included, 207 and aao : the former hts
disappeared, and the provenance of the latter is donbtfiiL
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INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE II5
passage from Plutarch ^ : rit wdkath t&p ^Mtntovpwf af^tJtifivfuxra o2 Sira^ianu
MitoMi MiXovoi* Itm df duo (fiKa wapSKKijKa bvaX vkayLots hf^dnrfftiva «il doncti
rf f^Ckahikf^ T&p Btmw oUmIw cfwu tov avoBinuKnt rh hou^ koI lidia^pcToy.
Further information is given by the Etymok^cum Mt^gnum as fdlows : —
Mecuw, To^oi rcMff i» Aaiudaifiovlif* waph t6 bi^oBai rhs Tvtfdapl^Sf ^ajfToxrieaf
ixpwrag r6K^ ovc^fMiwir ^ vnph t6 doiw ty^, b^Ktww \ From these passages
put together, the explanation is obtained that the Muwo were grave
statues to dead heroes. This is proved by the reliefs themselves i on the
Spartan relief f688) there is a snake on each of the upright beams
showing that mat was meant to represent the hero. On the later
Verona relief there is also a snake again brought in close connexion
with the bwam ; but curiously on this reUef the ddmuio are reduplicated.
By the time when this relief was made the fssA that the h6taa9a represented
the twin heroes was forgotten, and it was thought necessary to indicate
the dfSfeoM twice over. The Dioscuri were obviously honoured as dead
heroes'. Further proof of this is given by the amphorae which are
without doubt of a funereal character as shown by the snakes which
encircle them^ They are analogous to the large marble sepulchral
lekythi so common amongst Athenian grave monuments. The table
also has possibly some connexion with the 'Totenmahl/ and this
perhaps explains the fma or Bto^vta offered to them '. The two other
well-known attributes of the Dioscuri, the iriXoc and the horses, are, as will
have been seen by the chronological list of the reliefs above, and as has
ah'eady been pointed out by FurtwILngler ', absent in the earlier represen-
tations of the heroes; and therefore are probably attributes added by a con-
quering race, the Lacedaemonians, to the heroes of the earlier popula-
tion, when adopting their worship. The Lacedaemomans wore /i?ai* in
battle ^ It is known that in Central Europe in the Iron Age helmets of
a conical shape were used amongst the Celts, and helmets of the same
form spread in the La Tfcne (late Celtic) period— circa b.c. 400-A.D. 100
— as &r as Ireland '. Thus it seems certain that the peculiar caps of the
Dioscuri descended from Central Europe. It is also certain that white
horses, which are almost always associated with the Dioscuri*, became
known in Greece and Italy from the north '^ and the sanctity universally
attached to such horses seems to have accompanied them from their
original homes ^.
These points seem to have escaped the attention of Wide, who suggests
1 D€ Frat, aman^ adinit
* Snidts, Zooanu, Phavoiiniia, s. v. Eustath. ad II 1125. 59. C£ Forster, Hocluuit
d, Zeus undffera, p. 24, who su^^gests that as d^mva rightly represented the pair of
brothers, they were also used to represent the married pair, i.e. ^vrSvotf/Adf co^ ^i^roSot
dySjpdf imi ywQut^, There is no proof of this however.
* Alcman,/^i^f. 5 ; Pindar, Num, x. 56 ; Homer, Od. xi. 301, IL iii. 345.
* e. g. 201, , 856, and the Verona relief. Compare also the bronze coins of
Lacedaemon, J. ff, S, yii. p. 60, Imhoof Blumer-Gardner, Mim. Camm. Paus. ;
Roscher, p. 1171 ; Petersen wrongly calls them agonistic, mfm. Afitt» 1900, p. 41, v.
E-V. 131 1.
■ V. Roscher, L p. 1x67 ; Panly-Wissowa, iz. p. 1x09.
* Roscher, L p. xi;^. ^ Thuc. hr. 34.
* Ridgeway, 'Date of first shaping cf oldest Irish Epic, Proc, Brit, Acadsmf^ 1905.
' V, ^trem op* cit,^ passim,
^ Ridgeway, Origin and Infiuenco of Thom^ghdrod Horse, pp. 105, XX4, 353,
307, 186.
'' Ridgeway, cp,<it. pp. X05, X86-7, 294.
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Il6 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
that the horses of the Dioscari have a Chthonian significance K Nor
apparently was it noticed by von Prott, who asserted that the Dioscuri
had their origin in phalKc symbols *. He argued that the Mcom were
phalli, and that the wiXog represented the extremity. To prove this theory
the iriXof should appear on the earliest Dioscuri reliefs, and the Mkomi
instead of being square at the top should be pointed. The MmM of
course are merely other examples of the early aniconic images of
divinities, to which we have many references. The earliest Hera image
at SamOS wpSrtpoiP iUp ^p va»ir wrrtpop di . , , oMfdptafrotMt iytwtrol
similarly it is said of the early Aphrodite by Daedalus that ntrfun apr\
wod&p h rtrp6ymP0» ^xOfui '.
Myiholo^oal origin of the DioBoorL
§ 12. As regards their mythological origin it seems certain that the
Dioscuri are twin heroes. Many other instances of twin heroes are known,
Ami^ion and Zethu8^ the Apharetidae, the Molionidae, the Aloadae, and
Romulus and Remus. It is noticeable that in each case there is a legend
of miraculous birth ; it was said that Zeus was the father of the Dioscuri,
and of Amphion and Zethus, that Poseidon begot the Apharetidae, the
Aloadae, and the Molionidae, that Mars was the father of Romulus and
Remus. The birth of twins was clearly regarded as a portent : in some
West African tfibes to-day if twins are bom, they are at once slain '• Thus
the crime of Antiope and of Rhea Silvia was not that they were mothers,
but that they bore twins. Then should the twins be hidden by their
mother, or should they when exposed be found and preserved, and so
eventually grow to manhood, they would naturally be regarded as extra-
ordinary men, and so probably after death become heroes.
On the other hand in East Africa and in British Columbia twms are
considered lucky, and they and their mothers are believed to have great
influence on the weather*. This would explain why the Dioscuri were
the patrons of sailors. Thus since different races consider twins lucky
and unlucky, a combination of both beliefs indicates two racial strata. In
Laconia the earliest belief seems to have been that twins were unlucky.
So the lucky twins who influence the weather, ride horses and wear the
inXof belong to a later, probably Dorian ^, stratum. Legend relates that
the two royal houses of Sparta sprang from the twin sons of Aristodemus:
this and the tale that the twin kings married twin sisters argue that the
Dorians believed the birth of twins lucky.
The egg legend : Helen and Sileithyia.
$ 13. But there is the legend that the Dioscuri were bom from an egg.
This however seems due to conlamtna/to with the cult of a mother or nature
* Lakomsiks KtOU^j, 316. i. ' Ath, Mitt. 1904, p. 18.
' S. Q. 99, 344. Compare alto the bmnxe Apollo at Corone {S. Q, 33a), the
Aphrodite at Thebes {S, Q. 239), the Athena at Ltndns {S, Q, 327), and the Eros at
The^yiae (Pans. ix. 37. i). Uaener remarks that a S^comb sign was and is still nsed as
the sign of the Gemini in the Zodiac ; Sirma fftlHgianaj p. 319, 4.
* Who are also called Dioscuri, Malalas, p. 334. CL the Acamantes, De Sanctis,
Atthis, p. 108, Am./omm, Arch. 1895, p. aoo.
' Floss, Dot JV€i6, ii. p. a67. The mother herself takes an earthen vessel and
pats the twins in one over the other. They are then exposed, and either die of hanger
or are eaten bj wild beasu or anti. The women oi Bonnj IdU the mother as well as
the twins.
* Frazer, GMm Bough\ i. pp. o¥. 133. 4/S6.
^ Germans and Celu worshipped the Dioscari, tr. Tadtos, Germama^ 43 ; Diodoras,
iT. 56, 4.
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INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE II7
goddess. The egg belongs really to Helen : it was Helen alone who
sprang from the marvellous egg given by Zeus to Leda or Nemesis ^
And vase paintings actually show the two Dioscuri amongst the spectators
of the birth from the egg. Helen guarded by the Dioscuri also
occurs in 201, 202, and 208; somewhat similar representations are
found on a Sarcophagus from Kephissia ^ and reliefs from Salonica at
Constantinople '. A similar stifif archaic figure of ' Helen ' wearing the
polus of a mother goddess occurs on two other Spartan reliefs, 818 and
862. This Helen is an earth goddess, and in her birth from the
miraculous egg parallels the Dea Syria. Her connexion with the
Dioscuri is explained by the archaic group, 864. This group, as shown
by Marx * and others, represents a birth or mother goddess in her travail
attended by two male daemones. The kneeling position of the figure is
shown by Marx to have been commonly adopted by women in childbirth.
It finds analogies in the Auge ^ yAmtnp at Tegea, and two kneeling birth
goddesses, Damia and Auxesia at Aegina': these latter are probably
the Spartan Damoia and Auxesia (v. 222). There were also Di m'xt on
the Capitol at Rome before the Temple of Minerva : and if von Prott's
emendation is to be accepted, an exact parallel is found in Ovid's
^ Lucinam Nixosque pares ^.* Eileithyia was worshipped at Sparta,
and there called *£Xcva-(a; and Wide has shown her connexion with
Demeter '. Two points about the female
figure in this group are noticeable, the
goddess is nude, and has no navel.
It is well known that not till com-
paratively late times do nude goddesses
appear in Greek art. But Pausanias
records that the Athenians were the
only Greeks who represented Eileithjda
as draped to her feet*. Again that Fig. 15.
she has no navel is not remarkable:
since she is a goddess she would not require to have been bom humanly,
and would not have the sign of human birth. A vase firom Boeotia*
(Fig. 15) represents a draped female figure wearing a polus with her
arms uprais^ ; either side of her stand two draped male figures with
their arms about her body to help the birth. The right-hand daemon is
Radically in the same attitude as that in the group under discussion.
The left-hand daemon of the Sparta group is probably a parallel to the
Roman Deus Vagitanus who opened the mouths of new-bom infants'^.
This group then represents a true mother goddess, that is a birth goddess,
* RoMher, i. pp. 1929, 1955. ■ Roidicr, L p. 1951.
* JoahtD, Cat, des Sculpfuru, lai, 123 ; B, S. A, 1896-71 P- i<k>.
* See Uie refercDoet given under 864.
* Pani. vii. 48. 7 ; Hdt v. 86; Wide, Lak. Kulte, p. 819. There was a Hera-
ESldthyia at Aijgfof, and in Attica, Hciych. s, v. 'Hpo kr^Afytt, Keil, PAiM. 2$. 6ao.
* Paolns, p. 175 ; Afitam, iz. 394.
» Pant, iii 17. 1, 14. 6; Wide, Lahmischi Kulte, p. 171 leqq.
* L 18. 5. At Aeginrn P. taw an EildthyU by Damophon dad in fine linen ; pro-
baUy the tccdptor represented the TOddett at nude, and her wonhippen afterwardt
draped her (vii. aj. 5). v.Banr, EiMhyia, pp. 15, aS; Famell, CuUs, Vl pp. 608-614.
* *Ef . 'A^. 189a, pL 9.
^ Prdler, R9m, Myth. iL p. aio, i. C£ the Roman Picnmnnt and Panmnoi,
Vitnmnot and Sentinnt, and Matonnt Tntnntit; Preller, cp. cit. pp. 336, 389, 394;
jRoadier, s, v, Indigitamenta.
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Il8 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
in travail assbted by two attendant daemones. These two birth daemones ^
were later confounded with the twin heroes, and this coupled with the
^S»S legend gave rise to the whole myth. Helen was the Kore of the
Spartan 'EXcucria. In the Lymirata the Lacedaemonian women continually
use the expression i^ rvl) am^ which is usually explained as referring to the
Mother and Maiden goddesses. But since the dual is used it may more
probably refer to these twin birth-daemones. And in this connexion it must
be remembered that the expletives peculiar to Roman women were edepol
and €casior\
THE HISTORY OF SPARTAN SCULPTURE :
The Sixth Century.
§ 14. So &r our consideration has been confined to the two principal
series of monuments in the Museum, but only as far as concerns what they
represent It is now necessary to discuss their stylistic qualities, and to
attempt to trace, if possible, the history of Spartan Sculpture. It is not
necessary to suppose that from the very beginning there was a separate
Spartan school. The first examples of plastic art in every land are
always subject to the same difficulties and limitations, and therefore the
results show some fikeness to one another. But the individuality of the
artist and his material produce technical and eventually stylistic differences.
Thus, though we may separate early Greek sculpture into Attic, Boeotian,
Northern Greek, and Island or Ionic groups ^ it is wrong to assume
a definite school in each district, with a knowledge of the art of the rest
of the Hellenic world, consciously keeping to its own artistic traditions.
In the sixth century artistic communication was not easy : consequently it
is not the points of likeness shown by one group to another, but the points
of difference that should call for remarL ^^^in, in considering early
sculpture it is hardly correct to place reliefs and free statues in the same
class, since there are considerable differences in the technical difficulties.
Therefore it is here proposed to treat reliefs and free statues separately,
so far as technical peculiarities are concerned. The two classes can be
roughly tabulated in order of development
A. Free Statues. B. Reliefs.
826. Bearded man. Geraki, N.
676. Seated man. 1. Archaic stele.
864. Eileithyia group. Geraki, O.
600. Chthonian deity. 664. Gorgoneion.
2. Enthroned goddess. 676. Dioscuri.
Berlin, 731, A.
8. Hero, B.
816. Hero, O.
Maina (Jacobsen) spende relief.
460. Girl holding flower.
416. Hero, D.
461. Hero, E.
666. Pilaster capital (sth cent early).
^ There was a Priapns kv y6fcuny, Kaibel, 78a, AfUA, App, PlanHdea^ 239. The
Vedic twins, the AfTins, were patrons of marriage, Harris, op. cU. p. 15.
* Cf. Aulas Gellius, xi. 6.
' See £. Gardner, Handbook^ chap. ii.
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INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE
119
A. Free statues.
The earliest statue is possibly the nude \ bearded male figure (825).
It is a good example of the rude and coarse work typical of primitive art.
The flatness of its surfaces, the squareness of the sides, and the lack of
modelling show it to be little more than a square aniconic pillar, roughly
hewn into human shape. It is, however, a little advanced from that stage;
the arms though glued tight to the sides are bent, the fingers are clenched,
and the head leans slightly forward. This statue is especially deserving
of attention, since no similar figure has yet been found. On the other
hand, the seated male figure (676) is of a very familiar type. The draped
seated type would naturally be popular with a primitive artist The
attitude presents the squareness he has to be content with, owing to his
lack of mastery over his material, and, broadly speaking, it gives more
scope for generalization of e£fect than for precision in detail. This figure
has, apart from its lack of detail, much in common with the statue of
Chares of Teichlussa* (Fig. 1 6). But its closest parallel is found in a similar
headless statue from Frankovrysis in Arcadia' (Fig. 17). This figure has
Fig. 16.
Fig. 17.
been compared to another found at Hagiorgitika near Tegea^ which
has great likeness to the Eleuthema statue at Candia' (Figs. 18, 19).
If this comparison holds good, we have definite monumental as well as
literary • evidence for the artistic relationship of Crete and the Pelopon-
nesus. However, such speculations are at present fruitless. The existence
of this type in Laconia merely shows that the artists in that part of the
Hellenic world were not inferior to their colleagues elsewhere. The other
two figures of this type in the Museum, both statuettes (2, and 600), are
more advanced^. The 'Chthonian deity' shows more roundness of
form; there is less rigidity in the drapery, and an attempt to show the
* Fnrt^^uigler {AfA. Mitt i88a, p. 170) wrongly tays it is draped.
* B. M. Cat, i. 14; E. Gardner, (fp, ciL p. 106; CoUignon, i. Fig. 77, cf. Figs. 76,
78, 81.
' Cayvadias, rXtnrrd rw 'E^y. Mov<r*lov, 6; *E^. 'Ai>x. 1874, pi. 71, A.
* Cawadiaa, cp, cit, 57; B. C, H. 1890, p. 38a, pL 11. CI toe Mycenae metope
KonronnioteSyVa^r^. 190 1, p. ao. Fig. 1.
' Rev. Arch, 1893, pi. iiL * See above, p. 99 seqq.
^ 01 the seated Athena from the Acropolis, CoUignon, i. Fig. 169.
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SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
contours of the body. The enthroned goddess (2) is yet further advanced,
and by the rendering of the detail of the drapery, and the more accurate
proportions of the figure, as well as the careful eflfort to model the body
beneath the drapery, indicates the beginning of the formal and dainQr
refinement so characteristic of later archaic art ^ The other monument
remaining for consideration is the Eileithyia group (804). This group,
from the necessities of the subject, imposed difficulties upon the artist *.
This is probably the earliest nude female statue of Greek art The
artist's knowledge of the human figure was superficial : there is no frame-
work of bone whatsoever. The statue is practically a mass of hard flesh
roughly modelled to the shape of the female figure. The contours and
the indications of sex are rendered, but the proportions are impossible.
B. BeliefiEi.
The Geraki relief, N, illustrates the rude and coarse work typical of
primitive art. However, owing to the figures being represented in outline
in relief, there is practically no squareness, and the contours are round,
and though clumsy are more natural. The seated figure however, owing
to its attitude, is square. It also illustrates another difficulty felt by the
Fig. i8.
Fig. 19.
early artist ; it was easy to render the legs in profile, but not en face, and
while it was difficult to show the body in profile, it was easy to represent it
en /ace. This is also well illustrated by the well-known stele (1), especially
as regards the male figure. This stele in its style has some resemblance
to the early Selinus metopes ', and similar early reliefs. In it a fresh stage
of archaic relief work is reached. The earliest relief work probably
consisted of rude outlines rendered by incised lines on a flat surface.
Next the ground was slighdy cut away, and the outlined figures allowed
to stand out in low relief: this is the stage reached by the Dioscuri
relief (676), and in a somewhat more advanced form by the two Geraki
reliefs, TX and O. Gradually details were added, and by degrees the relief
height was increased. At first the edges were probably square and sharp:
later, owing to the increased height of the relief, it was necessary to round
them off. Then with the careful addition of detail, the nafve precision
and delicate formalism, the two most pleasing qualities of archaic art, are
obtained. This stele then has reached the last stage but one. As regards
» Cf. ColUgnon, i. Fig. 78.
* CollignoQ, i. Figs. 118, 119.
* Sec above, p. 117.
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INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE 121
the actual rendering of the human figure, it will be at once seen that the
heads are much too big. The women are shown as such rather by the
thick heavy drapery that entirely masks their forms, for the breasts are
only faintly indicated. The men have abnormally long legs and feet, and
prominent and essential muscular forms are exaggerated. As far as
actual technique is concerned, the small fragment 27 is probably of about
the same date as the stele. But it shows, as far as can be seen, the long
slender forms so characteristic of the art of the early fifth century. These
same slender forms, delicate and graceful, are present also in the oldest
Dioscuri retief (675), which, though in technique it appears very archaic,
from its execution seems somewhat later. A little later than the stele
(1) comes the beautiful relief of a girl holding a flower (460). Although
in execution it is still somewhat unrefined, there is fine modelling. The
curves are full and graceful : the detail is stiflf but dainty, and the whole
possesses that delightful naive spirit which is the charm of archaic
sculpture. But there is no fault in the rendering of the body : the artist,
so &r as his powers allowed, showed the full b^uty of the young female
form. More developed than this is the Jacobsen relief ^ The forms in
this are less full and m<He developed. The body clearly seen beneath
the dainty clinging garments is long and slender; but all the contours,
though gracefully curved, are strong in outline. For all the delicate
beauty of the figure strength is not lacking. The eye is big, and not in
profile. Both these figures may with advantage be compared to the reliefs
from the ' Harpy ' tomb from Xanthos *. Totally different from these in
many ways is the hideous Gorgoneion (664). This finds its nearest
parallel in a Cyrenaic vase '. The lean and wrinkled features are more
pronounced than in other early Gorgoneia. The teeth are tusk-shaped,
the tongue hangs out, the hair stands up in flame-like locks, and the two
long plaits are rendered like beading. It probably served an apotropaic
purpose. It has recently been identified as male, and therefore as
rhobos*. And so it has been connected with a group of Gorgoneia that
are all possibly male; but none show any stylistic likeness to this. This
however does not illustrate early relief development. The latest develop-
ment of the stifi" and naive but dainty style is shown by the pilaster
capital firom Slavochori (666). The figures on it are represented in motion,
and this, producing a quaint clumsy eflect, shows the limitations of the
style, which is best suited to figures at rest.
The older Hero reliefs (Berlin 731, and 732, Museum 8, and 616) how-
ever are far more interesting. They show how a sculptor, used to treating
the earlier contour or silhouette relief style, handled a more complicated
subject His subject consisted of the enthroned heroes seated side by side :
and they were to be shown in profile. The artist solved the problem by
cutting his figures out on parallel planes one behind the other. To
avoid the overlapping of the heads, the head of the nearest figure is shown
en/ace^. Still even with this ingenious technique the artist fails; the
^ Ath. Mitt, 1883, pL XVI. See abo?e § 7.
* B, M. Cat. i. 94. Perrot, viii. Fig. 145.
* Arch. Ziit, 188 1, pi. la. 2, It shows no likeness to the heads on the coins of the
Macedonian NeapoUs, Abydos and Eretria (Head, Ifist. Num* pp. 175, 468, 305), nor
to the Rhodian plate (/. H. S. 1885, pi. LIX) : see also Olympia ilL pi. 8. 8 and 9;
Collignon, i. Fig. 103.
* Roscher, iii. p. S394.
' It is interesting to compare an early Boeotian head with this, B, C. H. 1886, pi. VIL
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122 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
planes occasionally merge into one another, and the legs of the further
figure are on a higher plane than the left arm of the nearer figure : besides
the background curves at times. The peculiarities of style of this class of
reliefs are thought to be due to wood technique, derived from the supposed
practice of splitting away with the help of the grain several layers in
succession ^ But more probably it is due to the result produced by
attempting to place one figure behind another in the silhouette style of
relief. These figures are stiff and square : no trouble is taken with the
proportions, the eye is en face ^ the hair is rendered like beading as
already noticed in the Gorgoneion (664), and the hard, square, un-
modelled edges of varying depth between tne planes are distinctly a fault
The Thiokles relief (Berlin, 732) gives the effect of a relief of this type of
a slighdy later date showing only one figure.
The other reliefs of this class (8, 416, 461, 816) carry this type down
to the fifth century. The one placed first (8) shows a little more develop-
ment in style ; the edges of the planes are more rounded, and the worship-
pers are shown one in front of another. This process, as far as can be seen,
is illustrated also by 416 and 461; the last example (816) presents
another interesting feature. As the artist's skill and mastery over his
material increases, there is a marked tendency to lessen the distance
between the planes, to bring them into closer relation with one another,
and therefore to make the relief flatter.
The Fifth Century*
$ 1 5. This brings us naturally to a consideration of the reliefs of this class
belonging to the fifth century. These are two in number (4, and 481).
They illustrate the same tendency just remarked as regards 816. The
relief is very flat ; there is little or no difference in level between the planes.
But the whole rendering has much more fi-eedom ; all the lines though
strong are rounded and delicate. More detail is given, and this, coupled
with the retention of the old type and fineness of the execution of the flat
relief, produces an archaistic effect More truly typical of early fifth-
century work are the two Dioscuri reliefs (819, and 447). Here the
forms are long and slender, and are smoothly but firmly rendered. The
outlines are given by bold sweeping curves, especially in 447 which in
spite of its dajmaged condition is a most beautiful piece of work and recalls
good Attic monuments, but of more developed style, such as the stele of
Aristion*. It is worth remarking that both these reliefs are very flat.
The other monuments which can be dated to the fifth century are, apart
from a few reliefs of no artistic value, free statues which are merely later
copies of fifth-century originals. This presents a serious difficulty,
since it is impossible to decide whether the originals were of Spartan
workmanship. The two herm heads are in all probability copies of Atdc
work (67, and 682) ; they reproduce an original of which the best copy is
the recently discovered inscribed Hermes herm from Pergamum* (Fig. 20).
^ CoUignon, i. p. 335; Perrot, viil p. 441.
' E. Gardner, HanShook, p. 137. A somewhat similar flat technique is shown by the
new archaic metopes from Selinns, Man. Ant. Lincei, 1893, p. 957, pis. !> 3, 3.
* CoUignon, i. Fig. 301. Cf. the Ikaria stele, Am.Joum, Arch, 1889, pi. i. In the
elongation of the limbs it recalls the Cretan bronze relief Milchhofer, An/, d, Kunst^
p. 109, Fig. 65.
* Arch, Anz, 1904, p. 76; Jahrbmh, 1904, p. 33; Ath, Mitt, 1904, p. 179, pL
xviii-xxi.
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INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE
123
According to the inscription the original was a work of Alcamenes^,
whether the famous artist of that name or not is not yet proved. There
are many copies of it, and it is worth remarking that Ameiung* in discuss-
ing one of the best before the discovery of the Pergamum replica said it
was derived from a late fiflh-century original It was very popular in the
imperial period, to judge from the large number of replicas in Rome, so
that it must here be excluded from a discussion of Spartan sculpture.
The Asclepius (68 b) is in spite of the damage it has suffered a copy of
a fifth-century work. Allowing for variations due to copyists it most
resembles an Asclepius type, of which there are several replicas', the best
being at St. Petersburg. This group Furtwangler assigns to Myron *, and
further he also finds kinship in style between this Asclepius and a Hermes in
the Vatican K This Hermes has some points of resemblance to the torso
conjectured to be a Dioscurus of which there are 'two replicas in the
Museum (92, and 618). The resemblance however is confined to the
handling of the rather lean, but strong and wiry torso. The position of
Fig. 30.
Figs, ai, aa.
the legs is reversed, and the chlamys which is original if the Sparta type
is a Dioscurus, seems in the Hermes to be an addition of the copyist ^
Under these circumstances it is impossible to decide whether the Asclepius
and this Dioscurus type are copies of Spartan works, or not. It seems
probable that they are not. More important is the splendid Eros torso
(94) (Fig. 22). This is clearly a good copy of a bronze original, and
there is in St. Petersburg a replica almost complete, but much softer
* V. S, Q, 808 scqq. ; Bnizm, G,cLg, K."^, 2^; Fartwanglcr, Masterpieces, p
* Scu/pt. d. Vat. Mus, M, Chi. 671, cf. ibid. O75, Mat*— von Duhn, jas, aaS
73.
339*
340, &c.
* V. Fortwangler, Masterpieces, pp. 186, 188, Fig. 79. The modelling of the forehead
and other details however show some differences.
* Denied by Amdt, E- V. 306.
» Gall. d. Statue, 417 ; Helbig*, aai ; Furtwangler, Masterpieces, p. i8a, Fig. 76; cf.
Meisterwerke^ p. 379, on the Vresthena Apollo and the Sparta Apollo at Athens.
* The renderinc; of the pubes is also different; in the Hermes it is cut off straight
above, and in the Sparta torsi it is slightly triangular.
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124 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
in the modelling^ (Fig. ai). This statue is said by Helbig and Conze
to belong to the Stephanos series: Helbig says it is a copy of an
early work, but influenced by later naturalism. Conze asserts that it is
a true copy, Kekul^ agrees with Helbig. On careful comparison with
the Sparta torso which is most unmistakably a true copy, the view
maintained by Helbig and Kekul^ is seen to be right. All the firm,
strong modelling that suits the well-built square body so well is softened
and smoothed over in the Petersburg replica. The slightest inspection
at once shows that this Eros type does not belong to the Stephanus
series. The Stephanus athlete * is of slender build, with delicately shaped
long limbs. All fine modelling is slurred ; and the hair is rendered by
close lying, finely chiselled, short curls, treated rather individually. The
Eros shows a well-proportioned, square, well-knit torso; the limbs are
muscular and stout ; the face is of a broad, and clean-cut type, although
severe, the look is frank ; and the hair is handled as a whole in long, thidc,
slightly waving, grained locks. FurtwSLngler compares it in these respects
to the Spinario and considers the type Attic'. Michaelis* believes it
Peloponnesian, which is perhaps more probable. A bronze male statuette
from Sparta' belongs to this group : the body recalls the Sparta torso,
while ihe head shows the same character as the Spinario' and the
Petersburg Eros. This Eros type seems to possess most of the qualities
of the Choiseul-GoufEier athlete^ but in a more advanced stage of artistic
development. In other respects such as attitude and pose of the head
it is the forerunner of the Terme Apollo '. Its artistic date may thus be
said to be the second quarter of the fifth century.
The Fourth Century.
§ 1 6. The fourth century presents the same difficulties : only two of the
monuments, the two Hero reliefs (505, and 688), are certainly Spartan
originals. The first shows the archaic type preserved through religious
conservatism, and still handled in the old flat relief. But though the
artist has restrained himself, there is a freedom in the drawing especially
of the dog and horse, that clearly points to a later date than the type
itself would allow. This conclusion is borne out by the well-proportioned
figure. The Timocles relief at Dhimitzana may probably be classed with
this as archaistic. In this the artist was less skilful : the relief is higher,
and the attempt at archaism is a clumsy failure. The bad proportions,
the thighs for instance, are grotesque, and the vulgar stiffness of the whole
has no archaic quality. On the other hand^ the somewhat free rendering
of the drapery betrays the archaistic artist. Totally different in style is
the beautiful relief 688. This is in composition a little severe, but noble
and dignified. The cantharus and the human figure, in spite of unequal
size, balance one another perfectly. The relief is perfecdy quiet, and all
the lines are self-contained: and the hero's gaze is directed towards the
* Kieseritzky, HtrmUag$ Cat, 153; F-W. ai7, Rn. Arch, lit scr., ▼. p. 557, pi.
loi ; BtUU Just, 1867, p. laS ; Roicher, I p. 1354; Joubin, Sculptwre Grecque, p. 80;
Olympian pi. LVL a, text
* Brunn-Bnickmaiin, 301 ; F-W. a 35. • MHsterwerke, p. 679.
* Str€ushurgier Festgabe, p. 49.
* Berlin, Inv. 8576 ; Arch, Ant, 1904, p. 33, Fig. a.
* The Rothschild Spinario, which is of the later type, was found near Sparta,
Reinach, Rip. iii. 1437. * CoUiffnoo, i. Fig. ao8.
* Fnrtwangler, Masterfieces^ Fig. 8, cf. MtiOerw^HUy p. 379. Neither of these
however can be odled PeloponnesiuL
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INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE 125
cantharus. The somewhat flat modelling of the snake is the only blot.
But the skilled rendering of curves and curved surfaces is masterly,
especially in the canthanis, the chair-back, and the arms. The plain
architectural border appropriately frames this fine, simple work of art.
The free statues, if defaced heads and limbless bodies can be dignified by
such a name, which can be attributed to this period, are all copies of the
imperial period, and with few exceptions bad copies. Most important is
the Artemis torso (886), which as a copy is superior to all the others.
It is derived from an original of which we have many replicas, and which
is attributed to Praxiteles ^. It is known as the Artemis Colonna from
the Berlin replica, which is the best so far identified. One other replica,
that in the Museo Naniano, came from the Peloponnesus '. This Sparta
replica, however, should rank high as a good copy from its fresh and
vigorous execution. The attribution to Praxiteles is however not certain,
and the type seems to be rather pre-Praxitelean, and may even be
Peloponnesian. Next in importance is the Asclepius head (58 a). From
the formation of the forehead, the softer lines of the features, and the free,
curiy hair handled as a whole, this clearly goes back to a fourth-century
original. It however bears no resemblance to any hitherto known type.
In some respects it may be considered like the Asclepius of the Piraeus,
and the head from Melos in the British Museum*. However, it has no
stylistic kinship with either of these, which from their florid style seem
rather to belong to the adaptations of the second century from an earlier
type. The torso called Asclepius (710) is of good workmanship, and
depends on a fourth-century original, but there is no existing monument
wldch seems to be able to be brought into connexion with it Similarly the
battered torso 689, which at first sight suggests a connexion with a fourth-
century Apollo or Dionysus, owing to its damaged condition cannot be
here discussed. The 'Ganymede' (89) is similarly in all probability
a variation of a type of the same period, but it cannot be definitely placed,
and at best it is inferior work. The other firagments do not merit detailed
consideration.
The Third Century.
§ 17. In the next century two reliefo of the Hero type, the Aristocles
relief at Dhimitzana and the Piraeus example, continue that series. The
influence of good reliefs like 688 can be traced in the composition. But
the style betrays marHdnza^ and gives indications of that fatal ease of
workmanship which destroys all independence of style. Most important
is the splendid relief to Apollo and Artemis (468). Wolters * concluded
that since the golden eagles at the Delphic omphalos were taken by the
Phodans when they despoiled the temple, and since they do not occur in
any representation of the omphalos except on a stater of Cyzicus*, any
representation of them must be older than the middle of the fourth
century. His conclusion that this relief is of fourth-century date appears
to be strengthened by the resemblance between the Artemis and the Nike
balustrade *. The Artemis again is allied to the Aphrodite of Epidaurus %
* Klein, Praxiteles, p. 310, 3 ; Amelnng, Sculpt, Vat, Mms,, Br, N, 9a.
' PaocUndi, Men. Ftlop, p. 163 ; Retnach, Rip, 318, 5, 6.
* Collignon, ii FIgi. itI^, 185.
« Aih, Mitt. 1887, P' 578.
* Head, Hist. Num, p. 453. • Kekol^, Rd. an d. Sal. Figs. M. and N.
* Collignon, ii. Fig. 242.
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126 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
which is supposed to be connected with the Venus Genefrix, whose origin
has been traced back to the fifth-century Attic school \ The evidence
about the eagles by the omphalos hardly seems conclusive : and the over-
refined style of the relief, especially in the handling of the drapery, is far
more like third-century work. The whole type too is closely connected,
as the forerunner, with a neo-Attic relief in the Louvre' (Fig. 23) ; and this
is grouped naturally enough with a series of other neo-Attic reliefs showing
the same motive '. The Apollo is the archetype of a figure common on
neo-Attic reliefs *, where it is usually female, and therefore a muse. The
finest example of the type is a relief at Constantinople ^ If, as is now
usually accepted, the Nike balustrade dates from the fourth century, then
this relief stands midway between the Nike balustrade and the neo-Attic
reliefs which it influenced *. Next in interest comes the Asclepius and
Hygieia relief (580). The Asclepius shows considerable likeness to the
fourth-century Asclepius type illustrated by 710. Most remarkable is
the very high relief. The figures are almost free, and are set side by side
on a semi-circular base before a background, from which they stand out
like two statuettes. However it seems to be only the natural development
of relief technique, such as is shown in 688. The refined rendering of
the drapery, and the exaggeration of the muscles of the male figure, are
both tjrpical of the third century. This
muscukr exaggeration is again shown by the
powerful torso 80L It is due to the attempt
to deify the human figure by exaggerating
the muscular development. Later, towards
the end of the third century, there was a
desire to make the gods more human. This
was done not by decreasing the exaggerated
muscles, but by transforming them, so to
Fig. 35. speak, into fat An example of this is to be
seen in the Dionysus torso, 487. This torso,
though so small, is of excellent workmanship ; and a brief examination
at once makes it clear that what at first sight appear to be muscles are
merely rolls of fat The soft, flabby treatment of the whole figure is
in keeping with this. Of a different character is the Heracles head (52).
This shows Lysippean influence; but its qualities are rather post-Lysippean.
The deep-set eyes, which in the Agias have an intense, determined look,
here are rather cast upward with dramatic pathos. The type is, from the
deep-set eyes, the free, full handling of the hair, and the strong formation
of a rather small skull, clearly Lysippean. But it is given a totally different
expression, owing to -the sentimental sensationalism so characteristic of
the dramatic ideas of later Greek art, which finds its latest and fullest
expression in the great Pergamene frieze. The colossal female head
(571) is interesting as showing the persistence of earlier types in spite of
^e refinement typical of this period. It represents a mother-goddess,
and is of the Helen type (cf. 818, 862) ^
^ Fvrtwangler, MastetfUciSf p. 8a. * Clarac, laa. 41.
* Ibid. I a a. 40, 6a, 1 30. 39 ; Schreiber, ffelL Rel. 34, 35.
* Hanser, Neu-Attische Reliefs^ type 37. ' Ino, loaS, from Panderma.
* Hanser, op. cit. p. 70.
^ Ct D-M. 97, the statae of the door of the home Kopanitza on west side of square
by Metropolis; Phot. Inst. aSai.
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INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE 127
The Beoond Century.
§ 18. This persistence of earlier t3rpes is again illustrated in the second
century by the archaistic ' Helen ' figure on the Dioscuri reliefs (201,
202, 208). In general the monuments in the Museum that are originals or
are derived from originals of the second century are few and very inferior
in style. The nude male torso, Apollo or Dionysus (106), is a fair
specimen of the art of this period, which towards its end was largely
influenced by a reaction against the dramatic and sentimental tjrpe of the
third and early second centuries \ This torso is executed in a simple,
fresh, and clean-cut style, showing of course the marbidezza which was one
of the essentials of beauty in art Similar in style is the njrmph holding
a shell (00), a type that first becomes popular in this period, and which
continued in favour during the imperial period, principally to serve as a
fountain figure \ With this style the Amazon sarcophagus (270) and the
Aphrodite and Eros (414) can also be connected. Both are probably
second-rate local originals of the period. The bearded head (841) shows
the same tendency, but may be a copy after a fourth-century type. The
tapering shaft of the Heracles henn (286) is said to be characteristic of this
period, when moreattention began to be paid to sculptureof a purely decora*
tive character '. The other principal quality of the art of the period is well
illustrated by the grave relief (267, 204). This shows naturalism of the
best kind, not realism depending on the dose and accurate representa-
tion of one model, but a naturalistic type formed by observing and uniting
the best qualities of many models of the class studied. The treatment
ci this relief is fresh and spirited, a naturalistic contrast to the rather
academic character of the other side of the art of this century. Similar is
the stele of a woman (28). It is to be remarked that in this century we
first find grave relief of the usual Greek type. It b only to be expected
that after the battle of Sellasia (23a) and the tyranny of Nabis (207-193)
Sparta must have abandoned to a large extent its former exdusiveness.
The First Oentnry .
Of the monuments belonging to the first century only one has any
real artistic value, a sarcophagus fragment (200). This stiU shows
consideralde traces of colouring, and in execution is fresh and spirited.
Chi Greek sarcophagi of the imperial period the Bucrania are replaced by
Erotes, and this example, which probably dates from the early Augustan
period (20 B. c), is one of the earliest spedmens on which Erotes occur *•
The Hygieia type of 280, repeated by 208 and 821, goes back to an
earUer original, from which also a statue in the Louvre is derived *• This
original would have belonged to the Praxitelean School.
One grave relief (465 a) is a fair specimen of naturalism influenced by
archaic types. And in this century we first find statuettes of Cybele
(851, 802). There are four other statuettes of the goddess in the
Museum, but all of later date. So it might be allowable to place the
introduction of her ctilt into Sparta in this period *. More interesting still
^ V, Fnitwiini^ler, MasUrpUus^ p. 399.
< CI Rdnach, RH. 405, 1-8.
* Cf. D-M. 83. « Rdnadi, Rif. 524, 3. -Roscher, I p. 3x70, tiid to Mong to early
third oentnry ; c£l Schreiber, Alex, ToraUik^ p. 453, 71.
* V. Altmftnn, Arch, u, Om,d, ant, Sark, p. 59 seqq. ; of. 48 which Is later In date.
* Reinach, R^, 398,5, dL aitatiieatMiinich(Bnmn, Glyptotkik, 174, Fnrtwangkr,
GfypUtluky 310; Clarac, 556, 1174}.
* V, Wide, Lak. XtUti^ p. 304; cf. D-Bf. I94.-Atfaeiit Nat. Mas. 1548.
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128
SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
is the votive relief to Alexandra (441), but only from a religions stand-
point. Who this goddess Alexandra was, is a matter of doubt. She was
in later times identified with Cassandra. From her name she should be a
warlike goddess, but the relief shows her playing the lyre ; this perhaps
was due to the Cassandra legend. Our knowledge is limited to the fact
that there was in Laconia a local goddess Alexandra, * Helper of men ^ '.
The other fragments attributaUe to this century are of bad local
workmanship.
Ffnt Century, A. D.
§ 19. The great majority of the sculpture in the Museum belongs so far
as the actual date of its execution is concerned to the imperial period. Our
knowledge of Roman sculpture is as yet so limited that little can be dated
with any certainty to this or that century. One or two fragments however
are characteristic of the first century. There are two heads which show
the peculiar style of the Claudian period (58, and 60). An original of
the latter part of the century is possibly to be found in 64, perhaps
a Dioscurus head The ' Orpheus ' relief, 6, is a good example of bad
and hasty work, due to the ease with which
technical skill could then be obtained. The
resting Heracles firagment (115) is of a type
very popular with Roman taste. It is related to
the Famese type, and in all probability derived
from a Lysippean original \ But the type has
suffered badly at the hands of the adapter, who
added the brutal, vulgar elements that * play to
the galleiy.' The ' Suovetaurilia ' relief (614) is
characteristic of imperial triumphal monuments,
and in style suggests works of the Augustan
period '. Of the honorary or memorial statues
so popular in the Roman period in Greece,
there are two excellent early examples in 85,
and 448 ^ Such statues when erected to a
deceased person had in all probability a two-
fold purpose. They were on the one hand
set up by wealthy persons in pkce of the ordinary grave relief in memory
of departed relations. On the other hand they might be honorary statues
erected by friends or some local authority to a public person during his
lifetime and sometimes after his death.
Seoond Oentury, A. D.
§ 30. For the following century there are also some good typical works.
Most remarkable is the bald-headed philosopher (848). This resembles
the Platonic type as it appears in the heads at Aix (Fig. 24), and in the
Louvre*. The upward look of the deep-set eyes, and the broad-tipped
nose are essential features of the Platonic type. Th^ is probably a
portrait of some local Platonist who cultivated a Platonic appearance *.
Two female heads (62, 888) are apparently an attempt at the ideal, which
^ V. Wide, op, at. p. 533 leqq. The S. Italian Aleandia-CaMaiidra has no
connexion, v. Panly-Wuiowa, s. n,
' V, Amelnng, FHArerd, d. Ant, in FUrmtt pp. 31, 134.
* Cf. Relief in LooTre, 1097 ; Clarac, 234, 308.
* Others of Uter date are 87, 88, UO, lU, 126, 880, 616, 678, and 700.
* Bemonilli, Gr. Ikanogr, ii. pL VL
* I am mnch indebted to Mifi MacDowall for thae notes on the head.
Fig. 24.
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INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE I29
does not seem to have been very successfbl. More interesting are the
two engaged Heracles henns (442 a and b), to which should be added
another Heracles and an Omphale head from similar herms now at
Dhimitzana^ (Fig. 25). These engaged herms certainly served some
architectural purpose, probably in a gymnasium. Possibly they were
used as Adantes to support a colonnade, or they may have been placed
as decoration against an otherwise bare wall to look out between the
columns of a colonnade. The bearded heads show the hair handled in
loose curling masses deeply undercut by the drill, and in fiict worked
rather by it than by the chisel. The Omphale head is remarkable for
the accurate, but luurd, unsympathetic treatment of line, and the total
absence of any feeling for texture. These qualities are noticeable in any
copy of the Antonine period, and are, apart from a dignified stiffness, the
only remarkable features in these presumed orginals* Of the portraits
64 is perhaps an Antinous, 887 is a good typical head of the time of
Antoninus Pius, and 674 shows the style of the reign of Marcus Aurelius.
The female h^ 66 is interesting from the peculiar
arrangement of the hair, which is a variant of the
fashion adopted by Faustina the younger, Ludlla
and Crispina '.
Third Century, A.D.
§ a I. In this century art which had been more
or less flourishing under the Antonines, ran to seed
with great rapidity ; only portraiture Nourished. The
bearded head 68 shows the impressionistic style
that prevailed in the early part of Uie century. And
one fine portrait (70) is typical of the manner of its
last years; it shows the beginning of the ♦crystal- Fig. as-
line' style of the Constantinian period', to which it
might perhaps belong. The Amazon sarcophagus (408) and a grave
relief (688) prove that art was otherwise in a very degraded state.
Popular Boman types,
§ 2 a. Of statues popular in the imperial period we have one example in
the Artemis represented here twice (112, 181). There are many similar
statues in various museums*, but the type cannot with certainty be traced
any further back than the Artemis of the Pergamene Gigantomachy *.
As far as type is concerned it has some connexion with the 'Diana
of Versailles': the type may go back to the fourth century; all that is
certain is that it was popularized in the second century, and was a
favourite with Roman taste. Also typical of Roman taste are the Dioscuri
statuettes 118 and 286. They are of the type of the Dioscurus from
Carthage in the Louvre *, and to be compared with two other statuettes
in the same Museum ^ Similar too are the figures on the Dioscuri
relief, 9.
^ Atk. Miit, 1879, p. ia7, a and 3.
' For portraits of this period see Bemonilli, Rom. Ikon, ii. a.
* C£ Ki^l, Strena HtUngiana, p. 350, &c.
* c.g. Clarac, 365, iai7 A ; 570, laiS A; 570 A, 1334 D; 570 B, 13348; 57a,
1334; cf. Reinach, Rip^-o. 31a
* V. Beschreib, d, Siu/pf, a, Perg. p. 33.
* Reinach, Rip, 109, 5, Lonyre, 1833 ; Fnrtwangler, Masterpieces^ p. 331.
' Reinach, Rip, 109, 3, 10, Lonyre, 398, 300; cf. also D-M. 89 which is now at
JDliimitzana.
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130 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
and the Decoration of Houses.
In fact a study of the sculpture in the Museum leads to the conclusion
that the bulk of it must have formed part of the decoration of Roman
houses and villas, which must have been common during the peaceful times
of the early empire in the fertile Lacedaemonian plain. Other facts point
to this also \ The fountain (148) is of a type common in Roman museums ;
one very similar to it may be seen in use in the cortile of the Belvedere
of the Vatican. Circular bases (e. g. 188-194, 684, 755) too, like the
Spartan ones, are common in PompeiL They were used as supports for
fountain figures, or for basins by fountains in the tmpluvia in houses \
and occasionally perhaps they served as altar bases. There are also three
fountain figures in the Museum (22, 80, 727) of ordinary Roman types
such as would be used for house decoration.
Sarcophagi and Grave Beliefii.
§ 23. As stated above, the Spartan grave reliefs present no unusual
features. They are all later than the second century b.c., and mosdy of
very rough and bad workmanship. They are probably such reliefs as would
have been put up by poorer people. In contrast to these there are the
sarcophagi and grave statues used by the wealthier Laconians. Amongst
the sarcophagi it is interesting to note the great popularity of the Amazon
type. Besides those in the Museum (85, 67, 279, 476--481, 498, 499)
there are several others noted by Dressel and MilchhOfer ' : and recendy
two have been found at Gunari^ The same motives are continually
repeated, but no two sarcophagi are alike. They seem to fall midway
between the purely Greek and the Roman classes. There are several
fragments of purely Roman sarcophagi (51 b, 78, 806, 765, 766) with
reclining figures on their lids. These are however all of rather late date.
At least their existence points to a considerable wealthy Roman element
in Laconia in the imperial period.
Christian Soolpture.
§ 24. One late statuette is of considerable interest: this is the Good Shep-
herd (808). Apart from Byzantine and Frankish work it is the one piece
of Christian sculpture in the Museum. The type is remarkable since it is
perfectly obvious that the Christian artist imitated statues of a heathen god,
Hermes Moschophorus or Kriophorus ^, There are two Good Shepherd
types, one directly dependent on the Hermes Kriophorus in which each
hand holds two legs of the sheep *. In the other type, probably created by
Christian art, all four legs are held together by tiie right hand. To this
second type the Sparta statuette belongs'; the type is supposed by De
Rossi to have originated in the third century a.d., probably in the Eastern
church. For Byzantine art there are several good examples of ordinary
^ e. g. the Roman mosaics discoyered at Sparta, er. D-M. 379, a 80, AcAWor
1889, p. 74, Artk, Zeit. 1881, pi. xii.
' There are four aimilar bases at Dhimitzana ; whether these came originally from
Sparta or not is not known.
* 238, 241 (o^. 3f. Cat. 2304% 342 ; cf. Spaita Mnsenm, 717.
* One very biadly damaged still at Gnnari in nonse of loannes Nikoloponlos, L. 1*70,
H. •60. The other in a magazine at Nat. Mus. Athens (no number), H. -65, L. 1.51.
Unpublished : is in type similar to Robert, ii. 69 ^, 71 c, 73, 75, 76. So like others it
comes before the first Koman group.
* Cf. Reinach, Rip, p. 551.
* e.g. the Lateran Statue, Reinach, Rip, 552, 6, 7.
^ Replicas at Athens, Constantinople and Rome, Reinach, Rip, 55 s> 3 » 55i> 7 ; 553i X*
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INTRODUCTION TO SCULPTURE 13I
decorative work. The carved capitals (89 b, 156, 170, 418, 402) are all
fair specimens of Byzantine architecture. Of the reliefs 297, like the
capital 80 b, shows a favourite motive, a bird on a vine pecking at grapes.
The peacock relief (780) is a very fine piece of work. Another relief
(770), if not so good or interesting as the rest, proves at least
that the Byzantine artists possessed considerable technical skill, and
had great feeling for beauty of design. The one piece of Fraiikish
sculpture in the Museum (827) is remarkable if only for the fact that
Prankish sculpture is not at all common. The Franks were rough
warriors with no eye for art This rude grotesque gargoyle represents
possibly the most they attempted \
Spartan and lonio Art.
§ 25. Klein has recently asserted' that art in Sparta drew its inspiration
from Ionia. He supports his view by reference to the literary tradidons
of the immigration of Ionian artists. He quotes no monumental evidence
except Zahn's comparison of a vase fragment from Clazomenae with the
Hero relief type '. On the contrary it seems more probable that these
artists came to Laconia not as missionaries, but attracted by its fame as
an art centre. The Cretan Daedalid School was flourishing in the Pelo-
ponnese long before the Ionian immigration. Also the discovery of
Minoan pottery* in Laconia proves clearly its old and close relations with
Crete. Till definite evidence is forthcoming, early Spartan art should
rather be considered as sprung from the Daadalid School, containing of
course local elements. That this art developed naturally is clear : Furt-
wangler * says that the Jacobsen relief for all its advance in style
follows the old Spartan tradidons. Perhaps the Eros (04) represents
them in the fifth century, and also perhaps the bronze Apollo of the
Mantua type from Pompeii. This Wolters*, from late coins, tries to
show is of Spartan origin. But Furtwangler^ has assigned it to Hegias
the master of Pheidias, whose name rests on an emendation.
It should not be said that Spartan art in the fifth century was non-
existent, since we have no monuments as yet. A region so fertile in
archaic art, should not have been less fertile in the great period But the
spade alone can prove or disprove these conjectures.
^ There is, however, walled np in the home of loannes Sikiotet at Parori a nide
warrior relief, which is probably Frankish.
' CtLgr. ICunsty p. lao. Cf. Furtwangler, Mnsttno. p. 719, 5 ; Schroder, Atk.
Mitt. IQ04, p. 48, on the Geiaki stele.
* Ath. Mttt. 1898, p. 61, pi. 7, I. Zahn's xeferenoe to Fnrtwanglei's comparison
{ColL Sad. p. 26) of the pointed shoes to Hittite work has little weight. Modem
Greek peasant shoes have pointed toes.
* Bosanqnet,/. ff. S, 1904, p. 317, ct Introd. to Misc. Ant. $ 5, below.
* Alk. Mitt. 188a, p. 365, V. above § 7.
* Jakrimchy 1896, p. x ; Klein, op. cU., p. 409, v. B. M. C. Pelop. PL XXV. a.
* Mastttfiecesy pp. 5a, 53.
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SCULPTURE
1. Arohaio stele.
Bluish marble. H. -67. Base, H. .105-110. ReHef fields, H. .57.
Principal sides, W. .42—32. Small sides, W. .24—16. Relief height, 035.
I>-M. 6, F-W. 55. Conze-Michaelis, Ann. Inst, 1861, p. 34. Loeschcke,
Prog, d, Dorpat. 1879, -^<? han quadamprape Spartam reperia. Milch-
hefer, Anfdnge d. Kunst, p. 186. Perrot, p. 445, vol. viii. Overbeck,
p. 127. Collignon, i. p. 232. Brunn-Bruckmami, 226. Introduction, § 14.
It is pyramidal in shape: the upper part was in later times bored
through horizontally, and the top broken off. It was found, according
to its former possessor (Manusakes), not far from the theatre, across a tomb
to which it did not belong, at a place called Nc/xwovp/*/, S. W. of the Acropolis
and by the aqueduct (Conze-Michaelis). But according to Stamatakes, it
was found S. of the ruins of old Sparta near Magula.
A. A long-haired and bearded man advances to r. (both feet flat on
Fig. a6.
Fig. a;.
the ground), towards a woman who faces him and wears a long chiton
and a veil. Her r. hand rests on his head, and 1. is stretched out towards
the sword he directs at her throat. His 1. hand holds her head from
behind. The man's hair is in long plaits down the back and over the
shoulders. The man*s calves and the woman's face show the archaic
exaggeration of necessary features. No detail of drapery shows on the
man, though he clearly is draped : the woman's veil and chiton are very
thickly, stiffly, and flatly rendered.
B. Similar representation. A similar long-haired and bearded man
is shown advancing to r. His 1. hand is on the back of the woman's
neck, whose hair is long rolled curls. She lays her r. hand on the man's
head. His r. and her 1. hand seem to have held a wreath between
them. She is clad in a long plain chiton, and he in a short chiton
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SCULPTURE
133
reaching just below the hips. The man's hau* is cut short all round, on
a level with the shoulders.
C. D. On each small side is a snake curling upwards : these indicate
that it was a grave stele.
The scenes have been variously explained as (i) A. Orestes and
Cl3rtemnestra, B. Orestes and Electra ; (2) A. Eriphyle and Polynikes,
B. Eriphyle and Alcmaeon ; (3) A. Menelaus and Helen meeting at the
sack of Troy, B. Alcmene and Zeus. It is impossible to say if any of
these is right or if the true explanation is still to seek.
Good, characteristic work of 6th cent. b.c. Figs. 26, 27.
a. Statnette of enthroned goddess.
Bluish marble. H. -39. D-M. 4. Introd. § 14. Fig. 28.
The head is missing. The goddess, clad in a long chiton with diplois,
Fig. aS.
is seated on a solid throne with curved back and legs. Her arms, over
which the sleeves fall in regular curving lines, are laid on the sides of the
throne, her feet are set apart, but are level; and the chiton falls in
symmetrical folds between them and at the sides. Three locks fell
forward symmetrically on the shoulders. The build of the figure is
square, stiff, and broad. At the back the statuette is not worked, but
roughly rounded off. 6th cent B.C.
8. Archaic hero relief.
Ash-coloured marble-like limestone. H. .64, B. .61. Relief height, .06.
D-M. 8, pi. 22, F-W. 59. Introd. §§ 3> 14. Fig. 2.
Found according to Stamatakes in a later wall outside the E. wall of the
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134 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Acropolis, on the property of D. Matallas. Much de&ced, especis^ly the
head of the man, the throne, the canthanis, &c.
The heroized dead, man and wife, are shown in profile to r., seated on
a throne with a high sloping back, ending above in a palmette shown
en face. The back legs are crooked like an animal's hind leg, and a dog
is seated by the front leg. Behind the throne a bearded scaly snake curls
upwards. The man is shown in profile, all but the head which is shown
en face. He was bearded, and his hair was arranged as on the Berlin
relief^ : but all that is actually visible are the two braided locks falling
forward down the shoulders. He is clad in a long chiton, shown by
vertical incised lines on the lower leg, and in an ample himation thrown
obliquely over the body across the 1. shoulder, leaving the r. arm and
shoulder bare : it is characterized by ten incised diagonal lines, following
the direction of the garment across the body. His r. hand holds out
a cantharus, his 1. hand is held out horizontally above with the palm
towards the spectator. Behind him, and slightly in front, appears the
woman in profile (head, legs, arms and breast only). The face is angular
in oudine ; the eye is big, almond-shaped, and not in profile. The hair
was presumably filleted ; short braided locks fall down at the side ; over
her head is a veil which she holds stretched out in front of her with her
L hand. Her r. hand resting knuckles downwards on her knee holds
a pomegranate. The close-fitting long chiton is indicated by vertical
incised lines on the lower leg : she wears shoes with upturned toes. On
the r. there stand facing to the 1. in profile two adoranies^ man and wife,
both on a very small scale, and barely reaching to the level of knees of
the heroes. The man on a lower relief plane, but in advance of his wife,
holds in r. hand a cock, and in his 1. an egg (?). He is clad in a long
straight chiton, under which both legs show one before the other. The
woman holds in her r. hand a pomegranate flower, and in 1. a pomegranate:
her hair falls down her back in a long broad plait: the drapery and
position of the legs are indicated as on the man. Both faces are angular
in outline and the hair of both is filleted. Good work, 6th cent b.c.
4. Archaic hero relief.
Bluish marble. H. '32, W. .32 above, -29 below. Relief height, •01.
D-M. 12, pi. 24,F-W.6o. Ann.InsL 1870, p. 278, pL Q. Brunn-Bruck-
mann, 227. It was formerly built into the house of G. Vrachnos. Introd.
§§ 3» 15. Fig. 3.
Similar representadon to 8: but here the heroes face to 1. The
throne is slightly raised off the ground ; its front legs are straight and
lathe-moulded ; and the arm ends in a ram's head. The man is shown
enthely in profile ; his hair is filleted and falls down his back and shoulders
in regular braids. The under-garment is not indicated : but the double
edge of the himation is shown where it hangs down from the r. arm, and
folds are shown on this piece and not on the body: further, its two comers,
with carefully shown creases, hang down between the arm and seat of the
throne. In his r. hand he holds the cantharus, and in 1. a pomegranate.
The woman holds out her veil with both hands, the r. holding it stretched
out before her and the 1. by her neck. Her pointed shoes cover her
ankles. There is no snake shown. The style of this relief is much more
firee than 8, and in its restraint is archaistic rather than archaic.
^ V. Introd. $ 3 A
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SCULPTURE 135
6. Snake relief (Grave relief).
Ash-coioured marble-like limestone: edge on r. broken. H. -40,
B. -ao. D-M. a I. Introd. p. 113.
Bearded and crested snake curling up to r. Style and rendering free,
but severe. 5th cent. b.c.
6. VotiYe relief, to Orpheus (P).
H. .48, B. .54. D-M, 359. Arch. ZeiL 1883, p. 339. F-W. 1913.
Introd. § 19.
Found according to Stamatakes in a late wall outside the £. wall of the
Acropolis. Rock background worked into three shallow caves. On 1.
a youth seated to r. on the rock, clad in a himation over 1. shoulder and
the lower limbs. His r. hand rests on the rock, his 1. supports an eight-
stringed lyre on his thigh. On the rock round him appear in whole, or
in part, four animals, a sheep, an ox, a horse and a stag. In the centre,
seated to 1. on a square block, is a short-bearded man in chiton and
himation : he holds in his lap with his L hand a roll, and in his raised r.
another: over his head appears an eagle just relieved irom the background.
On the r. standing en face on a square block (a statue ?) a youth in an
ample hunation holding a round slueld and two spears.
Ordinary, local work of about the ist cent. a.d.^ The explanation of
this relief is difficult : it is possibly a votive relief set up to Orpheus by
some local poet.
7. Diosouri relief •
Bluish marble. H. -50, B. -49. D-M. 204. Introd. § 10.
Upper 1. and lower r. comers broken away, with head and r. arm of 1.
and legs and amphora of r. hand Dioscurus.
The brethren are shown standing side by side in corresponding
symmetrical positions. The inner legs are the free legs : the outer arms
held bronze Umces, as shown by a drill hole through the hand ; the inner
hands hold uncertain objects (sticks, swords, whips ?). Each wears pileus;
and chlamys on 1. shoulder, the only instance where the symmetrical
arrangement is broken. By the outer leg of each stands a tall high-
handled amphora with a conical lid. The bodies are strongly built, but
badly rendered.
Ordinary local work of about the xst cent, b.c Cf. 291, 866, 576 and
618. Above, between the heads of the Dioscuri, the inscription : —
KAAAIKPATHZTYNAAPIAAIZ
Collitz-Bechtel 4464. With the spelling Tupdapidcur cf. Tvvdci^s, Tvi^dpovr,
208, 1. 3, 24, and contrast Ta>bafM», 220, 447.
8. DioBonri relief .
Bluish marble. H. '36, B. -61. D-M. an. Introd. § 10.
The brethren, symmetrically arranged, stand facing one another in
three-quarter face. Both wear pileus, and have chlamys on 1. shoulder.
The outer legs are free legs. With their inner hands they hold their
horses. The l.-hand horse paws the air impatiently with his fore leg, and
holds his head high.
Flat, hasty work, not earlier than the and cent. b.c.
^ Professors P. G&rdner and Fartwangler have told me independently that they
believe this relief to be of a much earlier date, probably of the 5th cent.
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136 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
9. DioBoari relief.
Soapy, grainless, white marble. H. ^ss, B. -44. D-M. 213. Introd.
§ 10.
The Dioscuri symmetrically arranged as before ; both wear pileus ;
they hold lances in their outer hands, and their inner arms rest on the
hips, and over them falls the chlamys. The outer legs are the supporting
legs. They wear boots ; and by the side of the outer legs appear the
heads and necks of their horses facing outwards.
Clumsy and proportionless late work, and cent. a.d.
10. Diosoari relief.
Bluish marble. H. -34, B. -22. D-M. 217. Introd. § 10.
Right upper comer only of a gable-shaped relief, showing only the r.
Dioscurus down to the knees. He is nude, save for the chlamys, and
wears a pileus.
Very rude, local work: probably a sunilar representation to 201.
ist cent. B. c.
II9 12, 18, 14 a. Diosonri relief.
Bluish marble. Incomplete, consists only of large piece of upper 1. and
small piece of lower r. hand comer. Original size, H. ^iSo, B.-59. D-M. 218.
ReUef field enclosed by two Ionic columns supporting a flat entabla-
ture with acroteria. The brethren stood side by side en /ace with lances
in r. hands. They are nude and wear pileus, and their 1. hands hang empty
at their sides. Introd. § 10.
Rough, late work, ist cent. a. d.
14 b. Dioscuri relief.
Rosso antico. H. '30, B. '22. D-M. 215. Introd. § 10.
Right Dioscums only en/ace ; r. leg is free leg ; wears pileus; the chlamys
hangs over 1. shoulder and r. arm ; in r. hand he holds a sheathed sword and
in 1. a lance.
Clumsy, but spirited late work of uncertain date.
15 a. DioBOuri relief..
Bluish marble. H. '22, B. .37. D-M. 214. Introd. § 10.
Fragment of a relief similar to 8, but with a flat entablature above : it
shows only the upper half of 1. Dioscurus with his horse's head, and the
head of the other horse. He wears the pileus. ist cent. b. c.
16 b. Zens relief.
H. '31, B. -20. D-M. 191.
Zeus bearded shown en face draped in a himation over 1. shoalder and round lower
limbs ; in r. hand he holds a sceptre, in 1. a fhlmen.
Coarse, proportionless work and cent A. D.
16 a. Grave relief.
Coarse, bluish marble. H. •39, B. '20. D-M. 272.
Profiled border above ; edge on r. broken. A woman is represented in three-quarter
pro&le to r. She is dad in a long chiton with a himation over it. In r. hand ^e
holds an oenochoe and in her I. some curved uncertain object.
Late and bad woik.
16 b. Belief with worshippers.
Bluish marble. H. '23, B. •30* D-M. 199.
Much broken : there is a profiled border above. On 1. are visible only part of the
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137
face, the L shoulder and arm which holds a sceptre of a seated bearded male figure.
Facing it on r. clad in a himation stands a beaided male figure stretching out both
bands towards it : in 1. is a (pomegranate ?) flower. Behind this appears, also facing
to 1., the head and the upper part of the body of a draped female figure.
Bad and flat late work. Cf. 18.
17. Semioironlar relief.
Bluish marble. H. •a6, Di. -37. D-M. 261. Furtwangler, Stizungsb,
d. k, dqy.Akad, 1899, ii. 4, p. 599. B-V. 13 14.
Found at Sazanu on the 1. bank of the Eurotas, one hour £. of
Sparta. On a goat running r. rides Aphrodite Pandemos. She is clad in
a long chiton, and a himation which covers her legs and floats over her
head behind. Her 1. hand is round the goat's neck, and her r. hand holds
the himation behind her head. Also sporting with the ends of the
himation are two winged Erotes, one over the goat's head, the other over
its hind legs. Before the goat runs a dog : and in front is a ladder.
On the forehead of Aphrodite a crescent is visible. Ordinary work of the
early imperial period.
The ladder is probably apotropaic, though it may possibly have had
some connexion with Aphrodite. It was certainly, however, used as an
evil eye charm: v. Jahn, Sdchstsche Bertchie^ 1855, pi. IV, 15, V, 3, p. 41,
note 44; Elworthy, Evil Eye^ p. 371 seqq., figs. 1 81-183.
18. Votive reUef (P).
Bluish marble. H. .34, B. -50. D-M. 260. Arch. ZeiL 1883, p. 227,
pi. XIII, 2 ; Roscher, i. 2568. Fig. 29.
Found according to Stamatakes in a later wall outside the E. wall of
the Acropolis. There is a profiled
border all round. On 1. is seated to
r. on a throne with a lion leg-shaped
foot a male figure. He wears a huna-
tion, and on his head a wreath (?) ; he
holds a short staff on his shoulder
with his 1. hand and in r. hand a
cantharus. Before him stands a nude
youth (1. free leg): in his r. hand
he holds some uncertain object (two
jumping weights?), and in 1. a lance.
On the r. there is seated to 1. another
bearded, draped male figure ; in his r. hand he holds a patera, in 1., which
rests on his lap, some uncertain object.
Imperial period. Cf. 16 b.
19. Grave relief.
H. -49, B. -29.
Gable-topped stele with acroteria and in pediment a shield. A woman draped in a
long chiton and a himation ia shown standing en face. On her r. is a round altar
raised on two steps. Over this her r. hand held some uncertain object ; her 1. hand
holds np end of himation ; she wears a crobylos, othemdse her hair falls in long locks
on her shoulders.
Ordinary work of the ist cent B. c.
20. Sleeping Eros.
Pentelic marble. L. -62, B. •30, H. •20. D-M. 40.
Eros lies asleep on his 1. side on a lion's skin : his 1. hand is under his head (the r.
is lost). The r. leg is over the 1. He is winged, and by his side lies a torch.
Fig. 29.
Moderate decorative work of the imperial period.
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138 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
21. Sleeping Eros.
L. "37, B. -21, H. •14. D-M. 41.
Similar to 20. Bat here there is no lion's skin, and Eros is clad in a chlamys. His
r. hand clasps the qniyer which lies on the cronnd by his 1. side and by it Ues the bow.
There is no torch. It probably served as me lid to a cinerary nm.
In&rior decorative work of the imperial period.
22. Besting satyr : fountain figure.
L. -so, B. .24, H. '23. D-M. 63. Introd. § 22.
The satyr rests on his L side, with r. leg over L He reclines on his 1. arm, which is
supported by a wine skin ; a bore hole shows where the water flowed. The r.
hand holds a pedum. His head is missing. On the edge of the base are shown a
lizard and a syrinx, both oat of proportion.
Very moderate work of the imperial period.
28. Grave relief.
Bluish marble. H. -56, B. •30. D-M. 250. Now lost.
Similar to 19, bat without the shield in the gable. According to Philios already
lost when Georgiades took chazge of the Museom.
24. Grave relief.
Marble white with bluish spots. H. '48, B. •33. D-M. 251.
Oblong, but field gable-shaped with acroteria (not cut out). In the gable a mirror :
rude leaf capitals. In the centre stands a woman enfucf, dressed in a chiton, and a
himation drawn over her head.
Ordinary work of later imperial period. Back rounded.
26. Ghrave relief •
Bluish marble. H. -44, B. -33. D-M. 254.
Very much damaged, it shows only the bq^y of a male figure from the neck to the
ankles, clad in a himation.
Ordinary work of the later imperial period.
26. Grave relief.
Blue veined marble. H. -37, B. -30. D-M. 246.
Bottom broken away. Gable-shaped stele with acroteria. In centre stands en face
a woman dressed- in a chiton and a himation.
Bad work of the imperial period. On the architraTe is the inscription :—
MOY.A XAIPe
Mov[a]a, ypfy^. Apicated letters.
27. Arohaio relief (to Dioscuri ?).
Bluish marble. H. .25, B. .24. D-M. 17, F-W. 68. Introd.
§§ 10, 15. Fig. 30.
Formerly in the silk factory of G. Dorutis. Profiled edge. Top
r. comer only. It represented two figures sym-
metrically arranged ; their bodies faced one another
in profile ; their heads are full face. Their inner
arms are upraised, the hands being held flat with
the palm towards the spectator.* They wore some
uncertain object on their heads: their hair hung
down the back in a long plait : there are traces
of the dress. Unfortunately only inner hand of
Fig. 30. the 1. and upper part of r. figure remain; and
the surface is very badly damaged. It probably
belongs to the class of Dioscuri reliefs ; 6th cent. b.c.
28. Grave relief.
Rosso antico. H. .32, B. -24. D-M. 247. -ff-K. 1313. Introd, § 18.
Much broken above and below : was originally a gable stele. It shows
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SCULPTURE 139
a female figure in profile to 1. pouring a libation from an oenochoe in her
r. hand She is dressed in a chiton and a himation which covers her head.
Fairly good, but hasty work of 2nd cent. b.c. Above is inscribed : —
TH
XAIPc
. . . . Ti; I x^^O* '^^^ letters are well and carefully inscribed, the forms
being those of the 3rd and 2nd centuries b.c.
29. Belief firagment.
Blue grey marble. H. -28, B. -23. D-M. 271.
Much defaced : a Bacchante clad in a panther ikin girt oyer a long chiton with
a diplois stands en face holding in r. hand an nncertain object and in 1. a thyrsus (t).
Rongh and late work.
80. SarcophaguB fragment : Baoohic.
Bluish marble. H. -32, B. -40. D-M. 227.
Very badlj damaged. On r. are seen the head and shoulders of a youth inclined
forward to r. as though adyandng vigorously : on L is seen a background of vines on
which a bird is perched.
>A^ork of later imperial period.
81. Satyr.
Rosso antico. H. •45. D-M. 62.
No head or feet In r. hand he holds a syrinx to his mouth ; m 1. he holds a goat
by the horns. Nude ; the r. is the free 1^. At the back is a pillar.
Ordinary work of Uie ist cent. B.C.
82. BroB torso.
Pentelic marble. H. -32. D-M. 39.
Head, legs, and arms brokra off. The r. was the free leg : he is winged and leans
against a pillar behind. Over the r. shoulder hangs a belt for the quiver.
Moderate work of the ist cent. A.D.
88. LionrelieC
H. SS* L- -T^- I>-M. 277.
Lion shown seated to r. Below a palmette border, and on r. a plain moulding.
Good decorative work (a fragment of a frieze) of the ist cent. A. D.
84. Saroophasus firagment
H. .52, B. .38. D-M. 232.
A youth is shown advancing to r. with r. leg, with his back turned towards the
spectator and turning partly round to I. His head facing to L is thrown back ; his
1. arm, on which hangs some drapery, is in a posture of defence ; his r. hand appears
to have been dropped to pick a stone to hurl at the foe.
Clumsy work of the later imperial period. Possibly a fragment of a gigantomachy
sarcophagus.
86. Amaion relief : Saroophagus fragment.
H. -68, B. .68. D-M. 239. Robert, ii. 114, pi. XLVII. Introd. 5 23.
Formerly at the cbm-ch of Hagios Panteleimon. Fig. 31.
At the top a border of the t%% and dart
pattern above a beading of the reel and button
pattern. On L a nude warrior (1. leg advanced),
seizes a kneeling Amazon by the hair, and while
she clutches with both hands at his 1. arm, draws
back his r. to deal the death blow. On r. is an-
other Amazon rushing to 1. to the rescue of her
comrade : with her uplifted r. arm she holds her
sword, and on her L she carries a round shield.
Both Amazons are dressed in the usual short chiton. * ^''
Moderate work of the later imperial period.
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SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Se. Fragment of a friese.
H. .48, B. .27.
On an acanthus plant and surrounded by its cnrling stems stands a high-stemmed
two-handled moulded cup. Cf. 37, 88, and 716.
87. Frieze firagment.
H. .40, B. .25.
Cf. se, 88, and 715.
88. Frieze fragment.
H. .48, B. .53.
On an acanthus plant and surrounded by its curling stems stand two high-stemmed
two-handled moulded cups of a slightly different pattern from those on 86 and 87.
Between them is the head of a long-eared animal (lion t). Cf. 716.
This and the two previous fragments are ordinary architectural work of about the
and cent. a.d.
89 a. Square pilaster capital.
H. 66, B. .42, D. 18.
Decorated with a wreath of acanthus ; in the centre in a hollow within round
moulding is lion's head. Cf. 189, 140, 141, 299, 784, 746, 769 (16), and 666.
Fair work of the imperial period. Similar capitals (one without a sunk circle in the
centre) are in the court and campanile of the Metropolis at Mistr^
89 b. Byzantine capital.
L. -61, H. -16. Length of abacus -27. Introd. § 24. Fig. 32.
Oblong shape; flattened sides; to fit a pillar •14
square ; only one side of abacus carved. The carved
side shows a long-tailed bkd perched on a vine eating
the grapes.
lUther late work.
40. Belief fragment
Dark veined white marble. H. -29, B. .28. D-M.
268.
A youth in a high girt coat and a Phrygian cap (head and
shoulders only left), is shown falling to the 1., his head leaning
on his 1. shoulder. His eyes are shut and his L arm clutches at
his breast. Probably a wounded Persian from a battle frieze.
Ordinary work of the imperial period.
41. Isis statuette.
H. -23. D-M. 99.
Head and legs broken off, and otherwise much defaced. Dressed
in usual tasselled himation over the chiton. In her r. hand she
probably held a sistrum; in her L the prochoos is clearly
oistinguishable.
Poor work of the imperial period.
Fig. 32.
42« Qrave relief.
Bluish marble. H.
D-M, 266.
.16, B..13.
A female figure (legs missing) is shown en fact : the head is in profile to 1. The
r. hand is uplifted, and the 1. rests on the hip. She is clad in an ordinary girdled chiton.
Bad work of the imperial period.
48. Qrave relief.
Bluish marble. H. -is. D-M .267.
Small grave relief; it represents a female figure in chiton and himation standing en
face ; L hand rests on the hip, and r. on a small pillar at her side.
Inferior work of the imperial period.
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SCULPTURE 141
44. ICaenad relief, fragment.
H. .18, B. .16. D-M. aya
On r. a profiled edge. It only shows a Maenad as far as thighs
advancing to the right beating a tambourine. Her head is thrown back
and up : her drapery is hung only over the 1. shoulder so as to leave the
r. side nude. Hauser, Nm-AtHsche Reliefs^ Type 24.
Fair work of ist cent b.c.
46. See Miscxllansous Antiquiuxs.
46. Heoate harm.
Blue-grey marble. H. .19. D-M. 30.
One face missing, also the lower part of the shaft which is triangular. The faces
are flat and expressionless^ each has a long lock falling down each side. C£ D-M. 3 1 .
now at Dhimitzana.
Bad work of late, bat nnoertain, date.
47. Baoohic herm.
Bluish marble. H. '36. D-M. ^S,
At the top the shaft is hollowed into a scotia and on this is carved in high relief
a smiling, arehaistic, masklike, bearded head, which is also homed. At the sides there
are the oblone holes for the insertion of arms ; in the L one there is the stomp of an
arm mn with lead. Above the &ce the square shaft is profiled, and on the top there
is a big ronnd hollow.
Bad decorative work of the imperial period.
48. SaroophagOB fragment.
Bluish marble. H. •go, B. -65. D-M. 230.
It shows only a nnde windless Eros supporting a long garment on his shoulders.
Border above and below. CX 290.
Inferior work of the imperial period.
49 a. Square altar.
Bluish marble. H. 57, B. 35. D-M. 188.
Decorated with the usual fruit and flower garlands, hanging from the
front comers on bearded Pans' heads and from the back comers from
bucrania. On three sides above the garlands are masks all different, the
front one being a gorgoneion. On the fourth side, the back, is a rosette.
Inferior work of the imperial period.
49 b. Square altar.
Bluish marble. H. •42. D-M. 189.
One comer and parts of two sides only remain. The decoration is similar ; on one
side above the garland is a seated dog, on the other a gorgoneion. The heads at the
comers seem to be bucrania, bat are very de&ced.
60. Qable of grave monument ; L.-hand side only.
• Bluish, very coarse marble. L. 1-02, H. -87. D-M. 256.
Profiled outer edge. In the centre stands on a base a female figure in high reltei
dad in chiton and himation, and wearhig sandaU (height with base .68\ As it is
broken away at the breast the figure when complete must have reached right up to the
pnk. The r. side was made in a separate piece. On 1. was, according to Dressel and
Milchhofer (who give the total length as i«68 m.), a laxge acroterion. This is now
lost : it is mentioned by Philios, but as his description is a translation of Dressel and
Milchhofer, and as he gives no length, it is impossible to say if he saw it.
Bad work of the imperial period.
61 a. Decorative support*
Bluish marble. H. -58, L. 1*77 above, -90 below, D. -63. D-M. 257.
According to Stamatakes it was found over a grave : it thus probably
served as a support for a sarcophagus. The smoothed edge of the other-
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142 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
*
wise unworked top surface clearly shows it was a support, and the absence
of dowel holes proves it cannot have been architectural.
An oblong block like a pilaster capital, but at the ends console*shaped.
Each end of the fiat sides is cut away in a semi-ellipse. On one side in
the centre is shown Atlas nude and bearded supporting on his shoulders
with both hands the globe. On the other side stands a Nike (r. free leg)
with outspread wings, clad in a long chiton with a diplois, and holding in
both hands a long garland. She wears her hair in a crobylus. Both
figures are in high relief and run over the profiled edge above.
Ordinary work of the imperial period, 2nd cent. a.d. Altmann, Rom.
Grabaltariy p. 31, Fig. 20.
61by 771, 771a. Saroophagos lid.
L. 2'26, H. •24—28, B. i*i5. D-M. 234. Introd. § 23.
The deceased, who lay to r. on a cushioned couch supporting himself on
his 1. arm on a pillow, has been chiselled away, all but the 1. hand. The
edge of the couch is divided by broad bands arranged in fours into four
fields. On the first under the pillow is a dolphin. On the second is a
Nereid clad only in a girdle below the breasts ridmg to r. on a Triton blowing
a long shell and carrying a rudder. On the next is a similar scene, only the
Triton holds a fish in his r. hand. The last shows a Triton to r. blowing a
long shell. The corner is ornamented with a bird's head and an anthemion.
This part is in two fragments : the r.-hand end (771, 771 a) is in two
fragments, and lies apart from the rest At the comer is a similar bird's
head ornament : the end has an ornamented scotia divided into four fields,
the two other ends each show an Amazon shield with a rosette in the centre,
the other two have diamonds also with rosettes in the centre (cf. Hey-
demann, Ani. MarmorbUd. Athene 194, from Gytheion, and the ' Alexander
Severus' sarcophagus in the Capitol, Helbig", 432).
Ordinary work of imperial period, probably 3rd cent. a.d.
62. Colossal Heracles head.
H.60. D-M. 81. ^-F. 1321. Introd. § 17.
Much damaged, especially at the back, where it was only blocked out,
and on the forehead. The head is turned slightly to 1., but it looks
upwards. There is a full beard and moustache : the central part of the
beard on the chin was set on. The eyes are deep set and cast up ; there
is a strong, heavy bar over them ; the mouth is slightly opened ; and the
cheeks are full. The hair is rendered by short, rather loose, but thick
curls. It shows, as Sieveking says, Lysippean influence. There is, how-
ever, more sentiment and patibos in it than in recognized Lysippean works
such as the Agias. In all probability, then, this head is a work of the 3rd
cent. B.C. If a copy, it is good copy ; but it might be an original.
68. Colossal male portrait.
Bluish marble. H. -43. D-M. 147. Introd. 5 19.
Veiy much damaged. It is beardless, and the hair is finislied. Big, round, expression-
less £Kce.
To judge by the hair a portrait of the Julio-Clandian period.
64. Youthftd head (portrait P).
Yellowish marble (Pentelic?). H. .37. D-M. 115. Introd. § 20.
Much damaged. The hair is filleted and falls in long, slightly curling locks over
the forehead and ears. It bears some resemblance to Antinons.
Fair work of the imperial period.
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SCULPTURE 143
65. Ideal female head.
Pentelic marble. H. -36. D-M. 104.
Very mnch damaged. The hair is parted in the centre and waved to the sides over
the ears to a chignon behind.
An ordinary work of the early imperial period after a 4th cent original.
66. Bearded DionysuB head.
Bluish marble. H. .38. D-M. 54.
Hair centre-parted and filleted : each side a big lock is tncked noder the fillet, and
falls down l>»ide the ears. Flat, expressionless, xniasklike, archaistic type. Unfinished
work of early imperial period (t). At the back is a shapeless round mass.
67. Bearded Hermes : Herm.
H. 29. D-M. 65. Introd. § 15.
A replica of the Hermes Propylaios of Alcamenes found at Pergamum.
It has the three rows of curls on the forehead ; the long, square beard
with each lock ending in a tight curl ; and behind the ears are traces of
the plaits that fell forward on to the shoulders. Cf. 682.
Moderate work of the imperial period
68 a. Bearded head.
Fine marble. H. -28. D-M. 92. E-V. 1319, 1320. Introd. § 16.
Nose broken off. There is a rolled fillet wreath round the head.
The mouth is slightly open ; the eyes are moderately deep, and are over-
hung by a heavy, but softly rendered bar. Also all the lines of the face
are soft The hair is rendered by soft, short, flowing, curly locks, and
handled as a mass and very naturally.
It is in all probability, as Sieveking says, a Roman copy (early imperial
period) of a 4th cent. Asclepius type.
68 b. Bearded head.
Fine marble. H. .35. D-M. 93. -ff-r. 1317. Introd. § 15.
The back of the head, r. ear, the nose, the lips, and part of the forehead
are broken away. There is a rolled fillet wreath round the head as in
68 a. But the expression and style of the face are more severe. The
forms are simple and rather hard ; and there is no bar. The hair is
treated in detaU, in short, carefully rendered, wavy locks. The beast-like
look seen by Dressel and MilchhOfer is due, as Sieveking says, to the
broken lips. He is also right in calling it a Roman copy (early imperial
period) of a 5th cent. Asclepius type. Philios following Dressel and
MilchhOfer calls it a river-god: Kastriotes thought it a Zeus Ammon.
69. Youthftil head.
Parian marble. H. •27. D-M. 114.
Youthful beardless head : traces of attachment of a bronze wreath still
visible. Chubby, youthful face ; swelling eyes ; the hair rendered by thick,
not very detailed, tight curls. Unfortunately the face is very badly damaged.
Philios thought it the best in the Museum.
It is an inferior Roman copy (early imperial period) of a 4th cent type.
60. Male portrait (beardless).
Bluish marble. H. '22. D-M. 151. Introd. § 19.
Lower part of face broken away, and otherwise badly damaged.
Ordinary work of the Julio-Clandian period.
61. Pemale head.
Dark local marble. H. -23. D-M. 126.
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144 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Cross cot m the forehemd, and otherwise much damaged by Christians. The hair
was centre-parted, filleted, and waved back over the ears.
A copy of the imperial period of 4th cent, work (f).
62. Pemale ideal head.
Very fine, soapy marble. H. 'ly. D-M. 103. Introd. § ao.
Expressionless and rather hard but full features: eyes plastically
rendered. Hair centre-parted, filleted, and drawn down over ears to
knob on neck. A lock fell forward on to each shoulder from behind the
ears. There is an iron dowel in the neck. A round breakage on the top
of the head (-06 in di.) seems to indicate that she wore originally a polus
or a calathus; cf. D-M. 97, also the Helen figures 201, 202, 208, 818,
862, and the colossal head 571.
Moderate work, not earlier than the and cent a. d.
68. Bearded male portrait.
H. -34. D-M. 149. Introd. § ai.
Very badly damapd. Crisp, short, early hair and beard. Eyes plastically rendered.
A portrait of and-3rd cent. A. D.
64. Helmeted (P) male head.
H. 17. D-M. 128. Introd. § 19.
Mneh damaged in front. There are no traces either of a short beard or of
a moustache. The forehead is wrinkled, and the eyes deep set The helmet fits
closely and appears to be of leather. The hair is rendered by short, rather coarse
locks.
Very £sir work of the early imperial period. This head seems to be the same as
that described by Conze and Michaelis {j4nH. Inst, 186 r, p. 36) as follows: — ^Is.
testa d'un giovane pileato mostra bellczza e graziositli, ed ^ ii solo pezzo nella nomar-
chia che potrebbe essere anteriore all* epoca romana. Ma vi manca il naso ed nna
parte della bocca.' CC D-M. 90. It may be, as apparently so^^ested by Conze and
Michaelis, the head of a Dioscnms.
65. Yoathftil male portrait.
Bluish marble. H. .20. D-M. 153.
Badly damaged, and top of head missing. Eyes plastically rendered, hair short and
straight.
Inferior work of early 3rd cent. A. D.
66. Female portrait.
H. '24. D-M. 165. Introd. § 20.
Vouthfiil, chnbby features. Hair waved straight back to a chignon at the back, to
whidi plaits are drawn np from the neck : it is bonnd round four times by a narrow
band.
Ordinary work, to judge from the hair, of the Antonine period.
67. Saroophagus fragment (Amazonomaohia).
Pentelic marble. H. •16, B. •24. D--M. 237. Robert, ii. 118 a,
pi. XLVin. Introd 5 23. Fig. 41.
A small fragment of upper ed^e, showing only the head of a fully armed warrior to
L ready to strOce with the spear m his upliited r. hand. See 279.
68. Young DionyauB head.
H. 22. D-M. 56.
Only the face and part of the hair aboTe remain. The hair is filleted, and there is
ivy in it. The features are full, but flat and expressionless.
It seems to be a poor copy of the imperial period of an earlier, probably 4th cent, type.
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SCULPTURE 145
69. Belief fragment (fiBmale head).
Bluish marble. H..15. D-M. 273.
Badly weathered. Flat, round hct ; the hair centre-parted and filleted, and waved
away to sides. Down each side £b11s a long lock.
Bad work of late but uncertain date. As rightly stated by Dressel and Milchhofer,
it belonged to a large vase or basin, as shown dearly by the profiled edge aboye.
70. Youthftil portrait (male).
H. .34. D-M. 155. Introd. 5 ai-
Tnmed a little to the 1. Eyes plastically rendered. Short, straight, coarse hair.
Good, characteristic work of later 3rd cent A.D.
71. Sleeping Eros (firagment of urn lid).
H. .12. D-M. 43.
Head only of an Eros similar to 80. Cf. also 81 and 818.
Ordinary work of the imperial period.
72. Gary atid-like figure (aatyr).
Blue marble. H. .15, B. •16, D. '13. D-M. 64.
Head and square plinth above only. Square pilaster behind. At the back of the
pilaster is a vertical groove. In the hair traces of a pine wreath : no other details dis-
tingnisbable.
Kongh decorative work of the imperial period : cf. 47 and 814.
73. Saroophagas lid (small) : fragment.
H. .13, B. .25. D-M. 170. Introd. 5 23.
Head only of a youthful male figure reclining on a cushioned couch with 1. hand under
the head. It seems to have been the r. end of a small sarcophagus lid.
Ordinary work of imperial period.
74. Lion's head.
H. -15, L. .17.
Gutterspont from a cornice.
Ordinary late work.
76. Lion's head.
H. 15, L. 17.
Similar to 74, but only the L half remains.
76. Boond pillar.
H. .30, Di. .14.
Ui^r part only : a little below the top is a lion's head carved in high relief. Below
the head the pillax is broken away.
Ordinary late woric
77. Lion's head.
H. -17, L. -20.
Similar to 74 and 75, but slightly larger.
78. Lion's head.
H. .17, L. .20.
Similar to 77.
79. Barbarian (Sosrthian bowman).
Bluish marble. H. •26. D-M. 129.
R. hand resting on r. knee only remains (see 88). He wears trnnk
hose and thick, tunic-like coat with sleeves. Traces of colouring are still
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146 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
to be seen. Not very carefully finished, but good, naturalistic work.
For the type compare the bowmen from the ]>ip3don in the National
Museum at Athens, Nos. Saa, 834, E^V. 6aa, 633. It probably dates
from the 3rd cent b. c and doubtless belonged to a grave monument.
80. Iieft hand holding grapes.
L. -33. D-M. 172.
Over life size, and very fat
Imperial period.
81. Bight hand (female).
Pentelic marble. L. -aa. D-M. 173.
Holds fragment of dnpery.
Fair work.
82. Left hand.
Fine marble (from Dholiana ?). L. -la.
Fingers broken off: holds fragment of drapery.
Good work.
88. Bight elbow of barbarian {p. 79).
Bluish marble. L. *i4. D-M. 130.
In style and other respects it is exactly like 79. It was presented by Matallas,
a neighbonr of Diamantoponlos, the donor of 79. It shows the coat-sleeve.
84. Left male foot with firagment of base.
H. -19, L. .33. D-M. 176.
Broken off above ankle. Wears shoe (caliga) drawn up over the sides in stripe.
(Baumeister, Fig. 614.)
Ordinary work of imperial period.
86. Male toga Btatae.
H. 1-85. D-M. 142. Introd. § 19.
Found near the Leonidaeum. Head and 1. hand lost Wears chiton
with toga over. L. free leg: by L foot to support drapery a square
scrimum, R. hand on breast, 1. hangs down at side. Wears sandals
reaching well above the ankles, but leaving the toes bare.
Fair work of ist cent. a. d., on the base is the inscription (cf. p. 7) : —
KAAY-BPAZIAANTON
HATEPA
86. Male toga Btatae.
H. 1.5s. D-M. 144.
Head and feet with base lost. Stands in similar atdtnde to 86 : costnme also similar.
Ordinary work of ist cent A. D.
87. Draped female Btatae.
H. i»3o. D-M. 160.
Head and feet with the base missing. Wears himation over long chiton. Stands in
a similar attitude to 86.
Ordinary work of the imperial period.
88. Draped female torso.
Medium marble with greenish veins. H. 1-25. D-M. 161.
Head, 1. shoulder, and r. foot missing. Clad in long chiton vrith himation over both
shoulders, r. arm and chest, 1. hanging at side : r. free leg.
Conmion work of imperial period.
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SCULPTURE
147
Fig*. 33» 34-
89. Statue of youth : Gkknymede.
Fine, yellowish marble (Dholiana ?). H. -82. D-M. 51. Introd, § 16.
Arms from middle of upper arm, and legs
from above knees missing. L. free leg, which
was slightly advanced; on the 1. thigh traces
of the tree trunk support. He wears only a
chlamys fastened by a fibula on the r. shoulder.
The hair is in long curling locks. On the head
is a Phrygian cap ; the strings of the cap were
drawn up, and probably tied over the peak,
which is missing. He looks down in a senti-
mental and pathetic way to his 1. The general
impression is not unpleasing, but the forms of
the body are very superficially treated, and the
hair is confusedly and clumsily handled. It
resembles a Praxitelean Ganymede at Naples,
which has no chlamys ^ : it seems to be a late
variation of it. Or(6nary work of the imperial
period. Fig. 33.
90. Youthfol satyr (arohiteotural support).
Bluish marble. H. .45. D-M. 61. Fig. 34.
Said to have been found on the Acropolis. No arms or body below
the breast The r. arm was stretched forward, the 1. hung down behind.
Long, coarse hair; grinning, wrinkled face; small horns. On
shoulders and head is a thick panther (?) skin serving as a cushion ; on
its flat upper surface is a dowel hole ao square. Behind, and serving as
a support at the back, is a small column decorated with pointed leaves ;
there is a band round the two uppermost leaves.
Imperial period. It probably ended below in a tapering herm shaft.
Such a Satyr herm is in the Museo Civico at Mantua (No. 166, Diitschke,
855) : D-M. mention a similar fragment at Naples.
91. Draped female torso.
Yellow, rather transparent marble (Dholiana?). H. •36. D-M. 119.
No head, aims, or legs below knees. L. free leg : r. ami was stretched out (traces
of a support on the breast). Clad in high-girt long chiton with diplois, and with a
himation about the lower limbs. Folds very badly rendered.
Bad work of imperial period.
92. Male torso : Diosouros (P).
H. .71. D-M. 86. Introd. § 15.
No head, r. arm, 1. forearm, r. leg, or 1. lower leg. Nude, but for
chlamys fastened with fibula on r. shoulder: r. free leg: chlamys falls over
1. elbow: remains of attribute on 1. upper arm. Strong square forms
superficially worked.
Moderate work of imperial period derived from a 5th cent Pelo-
ponnesian original. Probably a Dioscurus : v. 618, of which it is a replica.
98. Base of statuette.
L. .28. D-M. 177.
Two male feet (I. advanced and ree leg) ; by the r. loot the fonr paws of a panther
seated on its hind qnarters.
Ordinary work of uncertain date.
» Klein, Prax, p. 129, fig. 17 ; replica at Florence, Amelnng, FUhrer, No. 51.
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148 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
94. Eros torso.
Medium yellowish marble (Dholiana ?). H. .70. D-M. 38. F-W.
218. Ath, Mitt, 1878, p. 297, 3; Arch, Zeii. 1878, p. 126, PI. xvi ;
Introd. §5 16, ^S-
Head, both arms from elbows, 1. leg, and r. leg from middle of thigh
broken off. In the stmnp of each arm is a long dowel hole (B. -oa,
L. -04, D. -oi) : these probably indicate antique restorations : on the
r. thigh traces of support for arm. In the shoulders behind are two holes
(D. -04, L. -03) for the insertion of the wings. The body is squarely
and solidly buUt; the shoulders are broad, and the chest high. The
nipples are sharp and circular; the navel is similarly treated. The
divisions of the torso are also sharply marked, and the handling of the
surface as well points to a bronze original The distance between the
nipples is '20 : and the proportions of the body are thus : —collar -bone to
line between nipples -13, thence to navel -17, thence to pubes -ii. Con-
sequently the torso is not Polycleitan as stated by Dressel and Milchh6fer.
95. Draped male torso.
H. 65. D-M. III.
Head was set in. No legs from above knees, r. arm, or L arm from
above elbow. L. free leg : on the thigh traces of a support. Clad in
clinging chiton girt at waist, and a chlamys fastened on the r. shoulder.
A peculiar type. Ordinary work of the imperial period.
96. Enthroned Zens.
H. .55. D-M. 24.
Head, ums, and r. foot missing. Draped in himatioQ ronnd lower limbs and over
the 1. shoulder. The front edges of the arms and sides of the throne, which are in one
piece, are oniamented with a lion's head and foot ornament At the sides there axe
two bands of scroll ornament and in the interspaces a St Andrew's cross, vertically
arranged.
Bad work of imperial period.
97. Enthroned goddess.
H. .52. D-M. 95.
Head, arms, and r. foot missing. Draped in chiton girt at waist with diplois and in
himation round 1^ and ora 1. shoulder. Plain marble throne with high back, and
no arms.
fiad work of imperial period.
98. Young flamale statuette.
H. -79. D-M. 124.
Head was set in : r. arm and 1. forearm lost. L. free 1^. Clad in Doric chitoa
with diplois. L. hand rests on hip. Folds yeiy badly rendered.
Common work of imperial period.
99. Nymph holding shell (fountain figure).
H. -74. D-M. 73. Introd. §§ 18, 22.
All above waist, and also r. foot and edges of shell broken away.
Drapery thrown round legs : shell held at waist.
Common work of the imperial period. The best example of this type,
which seems to have originated about the 2nd cent. b.c. and was
very popular under the Empire, was found at Tralles, and is now in
Constantinople. Edhem Bey, B.CH, 1904, p. 61; CoUignon, Mon.
Pioi, X. p. 6, Fig. I. Cf. 899.
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SCULPTURE 149
100. Aphrodite with Eros.
H. .57. D-M. 36.
Head, r. arm and shoulder, I. lower arm and feet are broken off. In
the neck is an iron dowel : drill hole in L shoulder. The 1. is the free
leg. She is clad in a high-girt clinging chiton and also a himation thrown
round the legs and over the 1. arm and shoulder. The 1. arm rests on
a pillar : against the hanging end of the himation on the 1. is the barely
recognizable head of an Eros ; the rest of him is lost.
A very moderate, late adaptation of a 4th cent type.
101. Male atataette.
H. .44. D-M. 112.
Head, r. arm, and 1. forearm missing. Iron dowel in neck ; and dowel
hole in 1. arm at the breakage. Draped in himation round lower limbs
and over the 1. elbow. Shoes indicated. R. free leg. Stout and solid
chest; proportions not good; drapery fairly well handled.
Qumsy reduced copy (of imperial period) of an early 4th cent. type.
102. Aphrodite torso.
H. .42. D-M, 32,
The heftd, the r. arm, most of the L arm, and both legi from above the knees missing.
R. free 1^. Front of body nnde : a himation covers the back and £dls orer the 1. arm
and the r. thigh slightly. Ends of long locks £sU on shoulders.
Badly weaSiered ; bnt inferior work of late^ bnt nnoeitain, date.
108. Apollo with lyre.
H. with base •74 (base -16). D-M. 26.
Head and neck, r. arm, all bnt hand, and part of lyre missing. R. free leg. The
front of the base is profiled, the back rongMv rounded, and its top slopes down to
the front He wears a chlamys falling down the back ; and on a high square pillar at
his L side holds a six-stringed lyre. The r. hand holds a plectzum on the thigh.
Behind the figure is a thick, oblong pillar as a support.
Common late work of doubtful date.
104. Draped female torso.
Fine (Pentelic ?) marble. H. 1-20. D-M. 159.
Head, r. arm, and 1. hand missing. R. free leg. Clad in high-girt
chiton, and himation round lower limbs and 1. elbow: wears sandsds.
Youtliiul figm«, graceful, and well rendered.
Very fair work of ist cent. a. d.
105. ITude male torso.
Pentelic (?) marble. H. -50. D-M. 65.
Head, r. leg and arm, L hand and leg below knee, broken off. L. free 1^. By 1.
side a tree trunk with a vine round it, on its top rests the 1. forearm. Flat, soft forms.
Boyish hgaxt : clearly Bacchic.
Very bur work of the imperial period.
106. Yoiing nnde torso.
H. -41. D-M. 108. jF-F. 1303.
Head,arm8>andlegs belowknees missing. L. free leg: 1. arm was raised.
Two long locks fall on the breast, one on the r. shoulder. Marks of
supports on each thigh.
Good work ; and possibly an original of the 2nd cent. b.c.
107. Heraoles (f ) torso.
H. -33. D-M. 78.
Head, arms, and legs broken off. Over r. shoulder a belt to hold the
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150 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
quiver (still remaining) on the L side. Very strong, sturdy forms.
Modelling good, but rather exaggerated.
Badly dsunaged work of ist cent. b.c.
108* Male torso.
H.Q). D-M. 107.
Aocoxding to Kastriotet already lost when Geoi]giades took charge of the Mnaenm.
109. Female torso (Baoohante).
Bluish, coarse marble. H. •sy. D-M. 70.
Head, arms, and legs missing. Very badly damaged. Head was set
on : in stump of 1. arm a dowel hole. Clad in chiton with diplois : over
it is a panther (?) skin held round the waist by a broad girdle. Traces of
further drapery on the 1. shoulder. The 1. arm was raised.
A peculiar type : period uncertain.
110. Male torso.
H. .35. D-M. 106.
Head, r. ann, and body below waist broken off. Clad in himation round lower part
of body, and over 1. ihonlder.
Stiff, ordinary work of imperial period.
lU. Draped female torso.
H. .34. D-M. 163.
Head, and body below waist missing. Clad in chiton and himation which covers
both arms. The r. hand was held to the face, and the 1. hand (the arm laid acroas
the chest) supports the other aim at the elbow. Imperial period.
112. Artemis (P) torso.
H. .44. D-M. 98. Introd. §22.
R. arm was set on ; as also was all below the waist. Dowel holes, two
in r. shoulder before and behind, two in lower part of back, and one in
1. side : also a hollow to set on drapery or part of 1. arm in the 1. side.
Her head was turned to her r. Clad in loose chiton, and a himation
fastened in a roll round the waist.
Fair work, badly damaged, of uncertain date. It belongs to an Artemis
type, huntress or warrior, of which the earliest dated example is in the
Pergamene Frieze. Cf. 181.
113. Drai>ed male statuette.
Fine marble (Pentelic ?). H. -37. D-M. 135. £^V. 1324.
The head was set on : the legs are missing from the middle of the
thighs. Clad in short, loose chiton with short sleeves, and girt at waist
with a cord, but arrangement of drapery is not clear, since 1. arm held
across the chest is completely covered by drapery, while r. which lies over
it, is bare. The 1. hand holds a kind of small spade ^ : in the loose end of
drapery that hangs from the 1. elbow appear a poppy-head and some ears
of com : the koipos also appears to be full. In the lower edge of the
chiton is a drill hole bored through. The forms are coarse and fat, and
in these respects somewhat exaggerated. The motive, however, is not at
all clear, the figure might be a grotesque or a Priapus : in any case it
seems to represent a bloated young man.
Fair work of the imperial period.
' Perhaps a tanner's scraper.
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SCULPTURE 151
114. Artemis toraa
H. .25. D-M- 29.
Head, both anus, and all below breast missing. Clad in chiton £utened on the
1. shoolder ; girdle high jnst below the breasts ; over the r. shoulder a strap for the
qidver. The r. arm was raised.
A late copy (£air work of imperial period) after a 4th cent original.
US. Heracles.
H. 'sa. D-M. 77. Intiod. § 19.
Head, r. arm, L from middle of upper ann, and all below breast broken
off. Famese type; nude, leans on club the end of which covered with
the lion's skin still remains under the 1. arm.
Strong, but rather clumsy work of about the ist cent. a.d.
116. Aphrodite.
Parian marble. H. •49. D-M. 33.
Only remain r. leg from knee, piece of tree tmnk by side, before which is a dolphin
head downwards. Faint traces of colour (f).
Carefhl work of abont ist cent. A.D.
117. Draped female statuette.
H. •13. D-M. lai.
Only lower legs and base. R. free leg : dad in long chiton and himation.
Inferior work of imperial period.
118. Diosonms.
H. -45. D-M. 87. Introd. § 22.
R. lower leg, and horse's head by side of it only. R. free leg : traces
of 1. foot on base. Round horse's neck where it springs from the base
acanthus leaves. Ordinary work of imperial period. Cf. 9 and 285.
119. Female statue.
H. .35. D-M. 116.
R. end of an oblong base ; in the comer base of a sqnare pillar, and by it the L foot
appearing from the bottom of the drapery. Ordinary work.
120. Winged Sphinx.
H. .30.
Lower body, head and wings broken off. Ordinary late deooratiye wozk.
121. Iiion'Bfoot.
H. .30.
Common, late decorative work.
122. Seated youthfta male flgnre.
H. .26.
Only thighs and hips left, and part of 1. lower leg. Clad in short chiton. L. knee
drawn up. Probably a funereal ngnre, a mourning slave, or Eros. Ordinary work of
imperial period.
128. Draped figure.
H, .40. D-M. 168.
Stomach and hips only left : apparently female. Ordinary work of the imperial
period.
124. Dancing girL
H. .39. D-M. 71.
All above waist broken off: loose drapery ronnd legs : r. foot before 1. Rough work
of imperial period.
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152 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
126. Male statuette.
H. -31. D-M. no.
Thighs and stomach only : L free leg ; by I. side a tree tnmk on which hangs some
drapery in which are traces of the L huid. Common work of the imperial period.
126. Draped female statuette.
H. .25.
Lower legs and base only : r. free 1^ : clad in long chiton and himation. Fair
work of about ist cent a.d.
127. Fragment of base.
H. .34, L. .30.
On front edge remains of bottom of drapery.
128. Draped statue (fragment).
L. 30.
Piece of r. thigh and knee only. Ordznaiy late work.
129. Draped statue.
H. .42.
Lower legs with base only. Already lost when Geoiglades took charge of the
Mnseum.
ISO. Draped female statuette.
H. '20.
Knee% and upper part of lower legs only : dad in long diiton and himation.
Ordinary work ot the imperial period.
131. Artemis statuette.
H. .15. D-M. 28. Introd. § 22.
Only left oval base, 1. thigh, r. leg, and tree trunk and dog by side of
it. It represented Artemis clad in a short chiton (himation rolled round
waist) advancing briskly (r. foot first) to her r. At her side runs a dog.
Sketchy work of imperial period. Cf. 112.
182. Danoixig (P) girL
H. -17. D-M. 72.
Toiso only : clad in high girt chiton and himation. R. aim was raised. Pleasing,
bnt superficial work ; possibly and cent B. a
18d. I>raped fbmale statuette.
H. -19. D-M. 123.
Head, r. arm, 1. forearm, and both legs from above knees wanting. Clad in chiton
with diplois. The figure leans on a piuar nnder the 1. arm ; on the pillar is drapery
(a Idmation or the chiton mismiderstood). Possibly an Aphrodite : ordinary wonc of
the imperial period.
134. Male colossal bust
Pentelic marble. H. -85. D-M. 145.
Bearded. Very much defaced. Toga over shotdders : bust hoDowed
behind, and has a central support. Late 2nd cent a.d.
185. Pemale bust.
H. .19. D-M. 166.
Headless : drapery over shoulders (chiton) : hollowed behind : pillar
support (dowel hole) : Flavian shape, ist cent a.d.
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SCULPTURE 153
186. Bearded Triton.
H. -67, L. .50. D-M. 76.
Head, arms, and end of fish tail wanting. Where fish body begins it is snrrotinded
with projecting acanthus leaves ; dose-lying scales below. Exaggerated forms :
ordinary decorative woric of the imperial period.
Id7« Marble ohest (cinerary).
H. .39, L. .33, square.
Has lid, through centre of which a hole is bored. Perfectly plain, except that
bottom edge is cat off obliquely in the centre. Snr&ces smooth.
188. ICarble cheflt (cinerary).
H. -35, L. .50, D. .26.
Has lid ; front and back ronnded ; perfectly plain ; hole in lid ; and on r. hand side
is damaged where fiutening clamp has been forced. Sar£ftoes left roogh.
189. Pilaster capital (P).
Dholiana marble. H. •40, L. •47.
Rosette with twelve petals sorronnded by acanthus stalks and leaves. Fair archi-
tectural work of imperial period. C£ 89 a.
140. Pilaster capital (P).
H. .64, L. .94. Fig. 36.
Poppy with four petals surrounded by
acanmus stalks and leaves. About the same
period as 139, but inferior work. C^ 89 a.
141. Pilaster capital
H. 28, L. .26.
Profiled edge, piece of acanthus, and part
of inner circle with olive wreath decoration
only : cC 89 a.
142. mese flragment. ^^' 3^'
H. .25, L. 27.
Acanthus scroll pattern : ordinary work of late period.
148. Octagonal fountain.
H. -27. D-M. 187. Introd. § 2a.
Between eight fluted pilasters with scroll capitals are set eight shells
from which the water ran down seven steep steps. In the centre a
circular hollow (D. 'lOy Di. -18). Ordinary decorative work of the
imperial period.
144. Octagonal colnmn base.
Bluish marble. H. '50, Di. '38.
Ahove drcular Attic Ionic base ; then two wide and one narrow square moulding
to suit the octagonal shape ; then the octagonal shaft decorated below with a scoCia
between two tori with intervening fillets. Late imperial, perhaps Byzanthie work.
146. A^ Inscriptions.
146. Marble throne.
Coarse bluish marble. H. -53, L. -35, D. •40.
On the front below the seat an ivy leaf: at the bottom it splays out to form a
footstool Cf. 146.
147. Fragment of Ionic capital.
L. -36, IW- -37.
Half of a volute only : volute is a plain circle with profiled lims. In the centre is
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154 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
a projectiiig aster-like flower. The bolster is merely rongli hewn ; a small part of the
upper surface is flattened and has a hole bored in it. Late work of uncertain date.
148. Fragment of base with tree trunk.
H. .40, Th. 20.
Only left a piece of a tree trunk ; against it at the bottom a semicircular scrinium.
149. Fragment of frieze (P).
H. -30, B. '32.
Shows a portion of an anthemion pattern. Ordinary work of the imperial period.
150. Bottle-shaped olsjeot.
H. .32.
Broken ofi'at neck : in bottom iron dowel (L. •19): hole bored through from top
to bottom.
161. AoanthxLs (P) bud.
H. .15.
Half only : bored through torn top to bottom. Two similar buds are at Dhimit-
zana (one of rosso antico) : they are possibly pine cones from decorative thyrsL
152. Acanthus (P) bud.
H. -ai.
Nearly complete : in hole is an iron dowel : c£ 161.
168. BaU (or whorl P).
Rosso antico. Di. '12.
Half only : ribbed and has a groove round the middle, and a hole bored from top
to bottom. Cf. 298. Similar ball at Dhimitzana.
164. Bottle-shaped object.
H. .34.
No dowel, or hole bored through. Cf. 160.
166. Acanthus (P) bud.
H. .II.
Similar to 161 and 162 ; but the leaves lie closer : there is a hole bored through,
but no dowel.
^^ 166. Byzantine capitaL
H. ^16, L. .18, B. .20. Introd. § 24.
Half only : oblong shape : flat sloping sides : curving abacus
decorated with a pattern of interlaced circles between two
scrolls. Fig. 36.
!l^„
^a
167. Boof tile with anteflz.
^5^ L. .28, H. 12.
Has an anthemion antefix at its end : ordinary late archi-
Fig. 36. tectural work.
168. Ionic capital (Boman).
H. .33, L. .27, D. .27.
R. hand volute only. Curved outline. Volute is an acanthus stalk, and the
bolster is decorated with acanthus leaves : the profiled edge above has a flame and
tongue ornament. Ordinary work of imperial period.
169. Ionic capitaL
H. .33, L. .32, D. .20.
L. hand volute only : decoration same as on 167.
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SCULPTURE 155
160. Small lonio oapitaL
H. -aijl. -13, D. '14.
R. hand volate onhr. Plain bolster, and profiled upper edge is vndecorated.
Volute is grooved. Inferior work of imperial period.
161. Iiion'8 head and foot support.
H. .31.
Foot broken off, and head defaced : to serre as ornament for front leg of a throne.
Ordinary work.
162. Byzantine capital.
H. .39, L. .34, D. 21.
Oblong : below at each comer an acanthns leaf; above decorated with lancet-shaped
leaves ; in centre of each long side a plain, flat, vertical moulding.
168. Corinthian capital.
Bluish marble. H. •15, Di. •28.
Fragment, only showing two acanthus leaves with egg ornament between. Common
woric of imperial period.
164. Draped female statuette (P).
H. 28.
In long chiton, with himation in a roll round the waist. Legs only left (no base or
feet). &d work of imperial period.
165. Byzantine column base.
H. •36, Di. -16 (above); below •18 (square).
On a tall square podium an Attic Ionic base.
166. Corinthian oapitaL
H. .23, L. .29.
One side only. In centre touching plinth above a shell between two acanthus stalks.
Below three acanthus leaves, then two rows of five small leaves each. Curved outline :
acanthus stalks in comers. Late imperial period.
167. Bysantine pilaster oapitaL
H. .13, L. .16, D. .06.
Sides flat, and plain. On front arrow between two curving lancet-shaped leaves.
168. Anteflz.
Bluish marble. H. •22.
Anthemion ornament. Ordinary woik of late, but uncertain date.
169. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
170. Byzantine capital.
H. -13, L. -29. Introd. § 24. Fig. 37.
Square, to fit a shaft .14 in diameter. On each side
of the abacus a vine leaf. At each comer between
them a pine-apple-like plant with stem and leaves.
171. Byzantine capital.
H. -lo, L. .16 (square).
To fit a shaft -13 in diameter. Decorated with eight
seven-pointed leaves.
172. Doric capital (flragment). ^*
H. -13,1. -60.
Abacus flat : plinth above hollowed out Good work of uncertain date, probably
Hellenistic period.
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156 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
178. Dorio oapital (fragment).
H. .19, L. .36.
To fit a shaft •ss in diameter : abacus small and nearly TeiticaL Late work of un-
certain date.
174. lonio base (Attio type).
H. 36, Di. .50.
No plinth: late imperial work.
174 a. Ionic base (Attio type).
H. .30, Di. '^6.
No plinth: late imperial period.
175. lonio base (Attio type).
H. .30, Di. .50.
No plinth : imperial period.
175 a. lonio base (Attio type).
H. .16, Di. .36.
Stands on square plinth : late imperial work.
176. lonio base (Attio type).
H. •22, L. •58.
Stands on square plinth ; to fit a shaft •48 in diameter ; imperial period.
177. Corinthian oapital (for engaged oolmnn).
H. -46, I>i. -36.
On each side the heart of an acanthus plant sminging up between two stalks that
curl to the comers. The end of the stalks are hidden by four leaves : between them in
centre of each side an egg ornament. Imperial period.
178. Corinthian oapital (oiroolar).
H. -45, Di. .30 (below) ; .40 (above).
Decorated with sixteen lancet-shaped leaves, between their tips others appear. Their
bases are hidden by acanthus leaves : bottom much de&ced. Fair work of late, but
uncertain date.
179. Corinthian anta oapital.
H. .66, L. .75, D. .38.
With end of architrave above, on which is an anthemion. Decoration in front, five
broad lancet-shaped, and two acanthus leaves ; at the comers, one of each; at L side
one acanthus ana two lancet-shaped leaves ; r. side rough. Imperial period.
180. lonio oapital (L hand half only).
H. .10, L. .17, D. '22.
Plain ordinary type : very flat : bad work of imperial period.
181. lonio oapital (volute only).
Di. .13, L. .14.
Inferior work.
182. lonio base (Attio type).
H. .35, Di. 60.
To fit a shaft .40 in diameter on a circular plinth : imperial period.
188. lonio base (Attio type).
Exactly similar to 181.
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SCULPTURE 157
184. lonio base (Attdo type).
H. -37, L. .56.
On a square plinth : to fit a colomn •4a in diameter : shows ends of fluting : imperial
period.
185. Byzantine oolnmn base.
H. 60.
On a tall podium (.a6 square) stands an Attic Ionic base from which rises a broken
unfluted shalt (.ao in diameter).
186. Fragment of coffered oeiling.
L. .80, B. .70, D. 36.
Ordinary work of imperial period.
187. Fragment of cofliared ceiling.
L. .70, B. .42, D. .36.
Similar work to 186.
188. Oiroolar base.
H. .66, Di. .30 (above); .45 (below). Introd. § 22.
Fluted slender shaft : spreading base and top, latter undecorated. Ordinary woric
of imperial period. Four similar bases at Dhimitzana. Cf. 189-191, 684, 766.
189. GiTcalar base.
H. .66, Di. .35 (above) ; .38 (below).
Similar to 188.
190. Circular base.
H. .67, EH. .27 (above); .32 (below).
Similar to 188, but bottom ornamented with a scotia between two fillets.
191. Circular base.
H. .60.
Base broken off: top rather flatter, otherwise like 188.
192. Circular base.
H. .57.
Top and base much damaged : similar to 188.
198. Circular base.
H. .69, Di. .30 (above); .33 (below).
Shnilar to 188, but rougher and unfluted.
194. Circular base (P).
H. .45, Di. 38.
Bottom only : shaft partly hollowed out : decorated below as 189.
195. Floor tile (or mould P).
Rosso aDtico. L. .12 (square).
Profiled edge. A meander border : in the centre a circular hollow, round which are
four small leaf-shaped depressions. Late work of uncertain date.
196. Floor tile (or mould P).
Rosso antico. L. .12 (square).
Fh>filed edge. Withm an olive-wreath border is a hollow and depressions similar
to those on 196. Same period.
197-199. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
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158 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
200. See Inscriptions.
201. Dioeonri relief.
Bluish marble. H. .70, B. .48. D-M. 203. F-W. 1848. Ann.
Inst. 1861, pi. D. 2, p. 39. Introd. §§ 10, 18. Fig. 38.
Gable-topped stele : in centre of gable a shield. In centre a female
figure clad in long ungirt chiton and holding in each hand a fillet wreath,
sbinds en face on a low base. On her head she wears a kind of basket,
broader at the top than the bottom, and decorated with horizontal lines.
On either side looking towards her stands a Dioscurus in profile, in
similar attitude. Each wears a pileus and a chlamys ; their inner legs are
advanced and their inner arms hold spears; their outer arms (^gesticulate.
The surface of the stele is much damaged, and on r. side a large hole has
been cut in it. Work fiat and superficial : good archaistic design : dates
from late 2nd cent. b.c. Below is an inscription, for which see Inscrip-
tions.
202. Dioeonri relief.
Bluish marble. H. .68, B. -so. D-M. 202. Ann. Inst. 1861, p. 39,
pL D. I. Introd. §§ 10, 18. Fig. 39.
Flat-topped stele (profiled edge). In the centre a female figure exactly
similar to that on 20L Either side facing her stands a Dioscurus in
Fig. 38.
Fig. 3^
profile. They are in similar positions, and have their horses with them.
The outer legs are the free legs; their inner arms hold their horses'
bridles. Their outer hands (not in similar positions, that of the r. hand
Dioscurus raised, and that of the 1. Dioscurus dropped) hold sheathed
swords. Each wears a pileus. Much damaged : relief rounded, and fair
in style. Probably also of the late and cent b.c. Below is an inscrip-
tion, for which see Inscriptions.
208. Dioscuri relief.
Bluish marble. H. -90, B. '50. D-M. 201. Ann. Inst. 1861, p. 39.
Introd. §§ 10, 18.
Gable-topped stele : in centre of gable a shield. In centre a female
figure exactly similar to those on 201 and 202. Either side stands a
Dioscurus en face. They wear the pileus and are in similar attitudes.
Their inner arms rest on their hips, their outer arms hold lances; the
outer legs are the free legs. Good design, but superficial work: 2nd
cent. B.C. Below is an inscription, for which see Inscriptions.
204-242. See Inscriptions.
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SCULPTURE 159
248. Headless heim : male.
H. .34. D-M. 158.
Foimerly in the fftctory of Rhallis. Piece of drapery OQ the 1. ihonlder. On the
broken shaft is an inscription, for which see Inscriptions.
244-261. See Inscriptions.
262. Base of a statue of a Bomonikes.
H. .31, B. .53, D. .47. D-M. 181.
Hollows for setting in feet of a bronze statne only visible. In each is a hole for
a supporting rod, and between the feet a hole for another : 1. was the free leg. On
the front is an inscription, for which see Inscriptions.
268-256. See Inscriptions.
267 and 294. Qraye relief (two fragments).
Bluish marble. H. .64, B. .50, D. .12. D-M. 252. Furtwangler,
Aih, Mitt. 1878, p. 297, 3. Introd. § 18. Fig. 40.
Gable-topped stele: much damaged, and bottom broken away. It
shows a bearded man (hair in short, tight curls) seated in profile to 1.
The 1. leg is crossed over r., and on it rests the L hand. A small piece
of drapery appears over the 1. elbow. The r. hand, held up towards the
face, holds a roll. Before the man is the head of a dog looking round at
Fig. 40. Fig. 41. Fig. 4a.
him. Dressel and MilchhOfer call it bad but characteristic work; Furt-
w&ngler says it is the best grave relief in the Museum, and that it dates
from the 3rd ceiit. However, judging by the superficial, impressionistic
handling, it probably belongs to the 2nd cent. b.c. On the architrave
is the inscription : —
PAPAXAIPE
napa x<i(p** "^bc letters are well cut and are of the forms used in the
3rd and 2nd cents. b.c. The name napa does not occur elsewhere,
and in all probability it is to be regarded as an abbreviation for some
longer name, e. g. napd/Axm.
268-277. See Inscriptions.
278. See Misczllanxous Antiquities.
270. Amason saroophagus.
PenteUc marble. H. .45, L. .84. D-M. 236. Robert, ii. 118, pi.
XLVII. Introd. §§ 10, 24. Fig. 42.
Found on land of brothers Sacharopoulos at Karavas, two hours north
of Sparta. To same sarcophagus belongs 67. Fig. 41.
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l6o SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
On r. a nude warrior, back to spectator (sword on I. side, shield on L
arm), stands defending himself against an Amazon galloping against him.
She rides astride with her r. arm raised to strike. Behind her is another
Amazon on foot leaning over to the left (shown en face) : her 1. arm was
raised, her r. seems to hold the bottom edge of her chiton. Both Amazons
wear a short chiton girt just below the breasts. The relief is badly
damaged, both Amazons are headless, and the lower legs of the standing,
the feet and arms of the riding one, are broken off. The horse has only
one leg left, the off foreleg: its neck is not correcdy drawn. The
warrior is headless, has no r. arm or leg, and no 1. foot. Good, spirited,
graceful work : possibly dates from the 2nd cent b.c.
280. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
281. See Inscriptions.
282. Byzantine (P) doorstep.
Blue marble. L. -d^y H. •41.
Philios says there exists a slab which may be a doorrtep, bat gives no measarements.
These are the measarements of the slab now nnmbered 282. In Kastriotes' catalogue
the measarements are given as ^o long and .38 high.
288. Qirl : statuette.
H. .65. D-M. 140.
Foand in north of town, by hoase of D. Poalakos. The head is broken off. Clad
in long chiton and hiraation, both girt in together jast below the breasts. The hima-
tion seems to be misandexstood, and the two garments are confused. She may wear
only a chiton with a long diplois clamsily rendered. She wears sandals. The 1. is the
free leg. Her r. hand nolds against her hip a dove (!) : her 1. hand holds against
her breast, in a fold of her garment, Tarioos fraits, grapes, apples, &c Bad work of
the imperial period.
284. Male statuette : reliefli on base : Marsyas.
Bluish marble. H. '49. D-M. 76. Fig. 43.
Foand by house of D. Poalakos hi noith of town. All above
hips lost : stands evenly in a strained attitude on both feet, before
a tree tnmk which serves as a support. On either side of the
trunk hangs a flute with a beaked mouthpiece and four keys : that
on the 1. has a straight, that on the r. a curved end. On the base
before a landscape ground (?) a dog pursuing a boar to r., and
a hare running from it to L : bdiind a wicker-work padttem.
Common work (local) of imperial period : reliefs espedatly bad.
Prof. P. Gardner suggests that this is part of a Marsyas. It may
be the other part of Le Bas' Marsyas from Sparta ( Voy. arch, Mon,
fig*, pi. 94, D-M. 67), now m the Louvre {Cat, Somm, 865).
285. Diosourus.
H. .50. D-M. 88. Introd. § 22.
Only 1. leg from knee and horse's head beside it, similar to 118 : on
top of horse's head traces of the hand (?). Ordinary work of imperial
period. Cf. 0.
286. Heracles herm.
Rosso antico. H. •50. D-M. 84. Introd. § 18.
Headless : stands on base • a a square : behind b supported by a small pilaster. Herm
shaft slender, and broadening towards the top. Body and arms covered by lion*s skin,
which fits close to the body and is treated like drapery. Careful work ; probably
after a and cent. type.
Fig. 43.
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SCULPTURE l6l
287. Hem: male.
Rosso antica H. •35. D-M. 133.
Headless, and r. foieann badly damaged. Square shaft, worked at bottom to set in
growid (T). Body and arms enveloped in a clinging garment. Ordinary woik of the
early imperial period.
288. Belief fragment: Zeue (P).
Blue-grey marble. H. as, B. as* D-M. 265.
All below waist broken away. Represents in low relief a standing male figure en
fact, dad in a himation over the L shcnilder and ronnd the lower limbs. The r. hand
is dropped : the 1. holds a sceptre, on which is perched an eagle. Zens is probably
represented. Bad, late, local work of nncertain date.
288. Hygieia (P) Btatnette.
H. -30. D-M. 46. Introd. § 18.
Headless, r. foreann wanting, also legs below knees ; dowel hole in
neck. R. free leg : clad in long-sleeved chiton, and himation over 1. arm
and shoulder. On r. hip and breast traces of a snake : the dropped
1. hand holds an uncertain cylmdrical (?) object (perhaps a patera).
Fair work, badly damaged, possibly ist cent b. c.
200. Saroophagiui fragment.
Bluish, coarse marble. H. •37, B. -aS. D-M. 231. Introd. § i8.
L. hand comer. It shows a winged boy en face (legs and arms want-
ing). He looks to r. : 1. free leg: both arms were raised supporting
a garland, to which belong apparently the grapes on the small piece of
the end that remains. Most remarkable is the colouring. The hair
(rendered on top by rounded^ grained strands falling over the ears in
corkscrew curls), the eyebrows, and pupils are black ; the lower lip is
a rosy red : and the face and nude body are covered with a pink tint (?).
Fair work, probably of ist cent. b. c. Cf. 48.
281. Dioeonri relief .
Rosso antico. H. -ad, B. -35. D-M. a 10.
Oblong stele, flat gable top. The two Dioscuri stand in three-quarter
face toward one another, in similar symmetrical positions. Their outer
legs are free ; their outer arms, covered with the chlamys, rest on the hips :
their inner arms hold their horses, of which only the heads and fore-
quarters appear, by the bridles. Both wear the pileus : their inner hands
seem also to hold whips. Between them, on a podium with three steps,
stand two amphorae with tall, square handles and conical lids; across
their bodies are diagonal bands (snakes?) running down from r. to 1.
For the amphorae cf. 7, 866, 575, and 618.
292. Boy statuette.
H. .36. D-M. 138.
Formerly in Mae^nla.
No head, right shonlder or arm, and both Im. L. free leg : hand on hip. Clad in
himation over L arm aod shoulder and roond the lower limbs. Badly weathered : the
forms seem fat : late work of nncertain date.
208. Hygieia etatoette.
H. -75. D-M. 45. Introd. § 18.
Head and neck (dowel hole) are wanting. L. free leg. Clad in long
chiton, and himation over both shoulders : shoes on feet The r. hand
holds up a piece of drapery at the side, on which rests a snake : the
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l62 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
1. hand is covered with an end of the himation. Ordinary work of the
imperial period.
294. See 257.
295. Lion'Bfbot.
Rosso antico. H. -as.
Grdinary decorative work: on each tide a long dowel hole : broken ahove.
290. Bird.
Coarse, bluish marble. H. -iS.
Head and legs are broken off. Grdinazy Byiantine woik.
297. Belief slab (from a Meie).
Bluish marble. H. -is, L. •ai. Introd. § 24.
Shows a bird to L pecking at the wave-pattern vine (f) on which it stands. Qrdinaiy
Byzantine work.
298. BaU (or whorl P).
Rosso antico. Di. -ii.
Similar to 168 : mnch worn, and half (divided horisontally) is lost : hole bored
tbrongh.
299. Pilaeter capital (P).
Coarse, bluish marble. H. -36, B. -ss, D. -20.
Back rounded : profiled edge above : broken below. In a circnlar depression (pro-
filed bonier), surrounded by the curving stalks of an acanthus plant, is a lion's head.
Ordinary axxihiteotuial work. CI 89 a.
800 and 587. ^rave relief.
Bluish marble* H. -50, B. •31. D-M. 244.
Flat profiled top. It shows a yonn^ man en faa, clad in himation and chiton :
r. free leg* Ordinary late work ; imperial period. Above is the inscription : —
nOAY
YKTE
XAIPE
no\i$[c]|v4rrf I xf^f*. The snrfiioe is much damaged and the letters are exceedingly
faint.
801. Male tonKK
H. .35. D-M. 79. F-W. 1614- E-V. 1322. Introd. § 17.
Head, arms, and legs wanting : badly weathered. Remains of drapery
on 1. shoulder. Body bent a little to its r., r. arm dropped : on 1. side
was a support L. free leg (?). The muscular development is very
marked and strong, but somewhat exaggerated : for this reason Dressel
and MilchhOfer call it Heracles. Sieveking calls it an athlete, and
attributes it to the 4th cent. Probably it belongs to the 3rd cent. :
at all events the style is good and fresh.
802. Oybele, enthroned.
H. .30. D-M. 48. Introd. § 18.
Much damaged, especially head, arms, and feet. Clad in long
chiton (girt at waist) and himation over 1. shoulder and round lower
limbs. In her 1. hand she holds the tympanum. The throne is plain,
high backed, and armless. By its r. side sits the lion. Ordinary late
work, not earlier than ist cent b. c.
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SCULPTURE 163
908. Youthftil iatyr : part of Dionysiao group.
Bluish marble. H. ^ai. D-M. 59.
Head, shoulders, and upper part of torso only. Looks up to his r.: 1.
hand holds pedum. His r. arm was round the figure (Dionysus) standing
on that side of him, whose 1. arm is round his dioulders and neck. It
belongs to a Dionysiac group, but not to one like 416, according to
Dressel and Milchhdfer. It is a part of a reduced copy of the type of
which the two best examples are in the Ludovisi collection and in the
Museo Chiaramonti (Schreiber, ViUa Ludavisi Cat. 77; Amelung,
Sculp. Vai. Mas., M. Chi. 588). This type is a combination of two
inharmonious elements, a semi-drunken, fat Dionysus standing at ease and
a lithe satyr moving quickly : it probably dates from the ist cent. a. d.
This figure is part of a very bad copy. Cf. 720. Base of small repro-
duction of similar group from Sparta at Dhimitzana, D-M. 178.
804. Bight foot and bate.
L. .15.
R. foot of a statuette on half of an OTal bate : toes much damagecL
805. Iiion's head.
H. .38.
Head and neck; latter curving forward. Broken off below: jott at breakage
acanthoB leaves ronnd neck : square pillar behind head. Common late decorative
work.
806. SaroophagnB lid : firom a child's sarcophagiii.
H. -20, L. -37, D. •31. D-M. 235. Introd. § 23.
R. hand front comer only. Remains of drapery and 1. arm of reclining
figure ivhich rested on that arm. Before it towards the edge of the
cushioned couch is a round gorgoneion^ and by it and apparently attached
to it is a similar round, but plain disk : these are probably the two halves
of an opened bulkiy since a narrow strip attached to them lies by them.
The edge of the couch in front is decorated with narrow bands between
which are floral ornaments, in groups of three, and relief fields. Only
the r. hand relief remains; it shows a winged youth in profile to r.
(chlamys on L arm) attacking with a spear a lion ; in the background is
a pine tree, and plants, &c. are also indicated. The comer is decorated
by a bird's head to 1. ; on its neck is seen a bird standing on an acanthus
plant. The small end shows another hunting scene. On the L stands en
face a youth in a short chiton (r. shoulder free), with a chlamys on his
1. arm ; with his r. hand he holds a hound in leash and with his L a spear.
Next is a similarly clad youth (much destroyed through a later dowel hole)
holding out his r. arm towards the first ; before him a bitch runs to r.
Then comes an oak (?) tree. Last is seen a nude winged youth with
two spears on his 1. shoulder mnning with a hound to r. Work fair, but
very superficial : imperial period.
807. Saroophagiis, for a ohild.
L. 1*69, H. •40. D-M. 228. Arch. Zeit. 1880, p. 163, pi. 14.
Fig. 44.
Greater part of front, and part of r. end (•31 long) remain. The
bottom is broken ofif, so that all the figures lack their lower legs. It was
found at Hagios loannes, where fragments of the scale-decorated, roof-
shaped lid were left A triangular fragment from the fix>nt side is in the
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164 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
National Museum at Athens (No. aoos). I^ shows nme boys arranged
in three groups of three. The first group on 1. shows a drunken boy
(with drapery over the 1. arm, back and r. leg) supported by two others ;
he clasps his 1. hand supporter who holds him under the r. arm, round
the neck, while the r. hand supporter, who holds a torch in his r. hand,
holds him up by the 1. arm. Qf the central group, the first facing to the
1. plays a double flute, the next empties an amphora into a crater on the
ground, the last feeing r. clashes the cymbals (his head and shoulders are
on the piece in Athens). The last group shows a youth, clad as the
central one of the first group, staggering against a supporter on his r.
Fig. 44.
(their r. and 1. arms respectively are round one another) while with his
L arm he clutches at another, who holds his r. hand to his head, and in his
1. an empty cantharus. It shows a revel just over ; on the L is a tired
party being lighted home and accompanied by music, then the emptying
of the last amphora, while on the r. the more lively and drunken revellers
still essay to dance. The whole scene and di£ferent degrees of drunken-
ness are excellently and humorously rendered. At the r. hand comer
is a calf s head firom which a garland hangs on the short side. It is
noticeable that the figures are surrounded by running drill grooves
following their contours. Good work: and cent. a. d. (?).
808. The good shepherd.
H. .38. I>-M. 132. Cf. De Rossi, Bull. Comm. Arch. 1889, R V, VI.
L. arm, and all below the waist are wanting. The lamb is headless.
A young man is represented clad in a short-sleeved chiton and holding
on his Moulders a kimb by the legs held by his r. hand before his neck.
The style is bad and flat, the whole figure is treated rather like a relief;
there is a flat pillar behind. Late, Christian work, 3rd cent a. d. Introd.
§ 24.
800. Boy statuette.
Bluish marble. H. '54. D-M. 136.
Head, 1. shoulder and arm wanting. Seated on a rock concave in front : r. foot on
gronnd, 1. on lowest part of rock. Clad in a short, short-sleeved chiton, with a chlamys
over the breast and back. The r. hand rests on the rock at his side and holds some
broken, uncertain object (a cantharus ?). Two dowel holes in back and one in r. side
of rock : below a semicircular cut along base from back to front ; good motive :
ordinary woxk of imperial period.
810. Heracles torso (nude).
Pentelic (?) marble. H. .18. I>-M. 80. F-W. 1583.
Heady arms, and legs missing. The r. arm was raised, the 1. hung
obliquely across the body : position of legs uncertain ; a support on the
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SCULPTURE 165
upper r. thigh : a small one above r. breast : the head was sunk on the
breast: hair engraved on chest and torso. Muscles very strongly
developed : work very dry and hard, of imperial period. The figure
was probably seated, and so similar to the Belvedere torso (Helbig, 127)
and a Heracles from Smyrna (Le Bas, Voy. arch,, pi. 144).
8U. Besting sheep (?)•
H. .10, L. 18. D-M. 186.
Headiest, lies to r. : fkt ; long coat. Rough work, imperial period.
812. Sleeping Eroe.
L. -20. D-M. 42.
Lies in similar position to 80 and 21 : r. arm stretched on grouid : l^s and r. fore-
arm missing. Chlamys on shoulders : by his side (held by r. hand) bow case and
qniver. Moderatei decorative work : imperial period.
818. Eagle and snake (part of a statne base P).
Bluish-grey marble. H. -so. D-M. 182.
Eagle standing erect on a rock ; behind it is supported by a tree tnmk. In its beak
(its head is turned to its 1.) it holds a snake. Oxdinaiy imperial work.
814. YouthAil herm.
Rosso antico. H. -40. D-M. 134.
Much weathered : fixed to a pillar behind, the top of which is hollowed into a
scotia above to accommodate the head and shoulders. Hair, shoxt, but thick ; flat,
round face : eyes rendered plastically. Ordinary work of imperial period.
816. Female Statuette.
Pentelic (?) marble. H. -23. D-M. 120.
Upper part of torso and stump of 1. arm only. Clad in high girt chiton, and in
himadon over 1. aim and shoulder and across back. Ordinary imperial work.
816. Archaic hero relief.
Blue-grey (ash-coloured) local stone. H. -29, B. -37. Relief height
•15. D-M. 9. F-W. 62. Introd. §§ 3, 14.
Possibly found by Leonidaeum. Similar to 8 : figures enthroned to
r., but much damaged ; all above the seat of the throne is broken away :
rough piece at bottom to insert in ground. Drapery hangs between seat
and arm of chair. Cf. 4, 416, 606. The legs of the throne are lion legs
adapted. Figures wear two garments, indicated as on S, and shoes (?).
There are no worshippers, and the snake is in front of the throne. It is
later in date than 8 : its style is rounder and freer. It shows the transi-
tion to the class to which 4, 516, 481, and 461 belong.
817. Poeeidon relief.
H. .20, B. .16. D-M. 192.
Upper part with head broken ofif. Poseidon shown en /ace, dad in himation oyer
the 1. shonlder and arm, and round the lower limbs. The raised r. arm is supported
on the trident : the 1. arm rests against the hip. Below on either side a dolphin
springing oat head downwards : below possibly water was indicated. Common late
work.
818. Helen (P) relief.
H. -27, B. -I I. D-M. 222. Introd. § 13.
Female figure en/ace, clad in long, short-sleeved chiton : arms close to
sides hang down straight : long hair falling on to shoulders. On the head
a round, basket-like object, broader at top than the bottom : cf. 862, and the
central figure in the Dioscuri reliefs 201, 202, and 208. Archaic or
aichaistic work of doubtful date.
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l66 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
810. Dioeonri relief •
Grey-blue, marble-like, local stone. H. .37, B. .40. D-M. 14,
F-W. 67. Introd. §§ 10, 15.
According to Stamatakes once in house of brothers Loulou : but
according to Conze and Michaelis it was over the door of D. Maroudhes,
having been found near by. R. hand Dioscurus and head of horse of I.
hand Dioscurus only left : badly weathered. It showed the Dioscuri stand-
ing by side of their horses facing one another in profile. The r. hand
one advances with the r. leg, and holds his horse by the mane with his r.
hand : 1. hand broken away. The horses' noses almost touch. Between
the hind legs of the horse of the remaining Dioscurus are visible traces
(feet and drapery below, contour of body above) of another (female ?)
figure. Style and handlkig throughout is flat, and no details are given :
forms of body in general long and thin. Early 5th century work.
820. Draped female figure (muse P) seated on rook.
H. 76. D-M. 117.
Head, r. arm, 1. hand, and both feet missing. Clad in high girt chiton,
and himation on 1. shoulder, arm, and round lower limbs. L. leg more
advanced, and placed lower than r. : tip of L knee broken off, possibly
1. hand supported something on it
821. Hygieia.
H. .80. D-M. 44.
Found in foundations of church of Hagios Panteleimon north-west of
SparU (Stamatakes). Introd. § 18.
Head, hands, and legs below knees broken off: L firee leg. Clad in
long chiton, with a himation wrapped round the shoulders, and falling
down again over L arm. The r. hand rests against the side, and on the
drapery between it and the body rests a curling snake. Ordinary work
(back not worked) of imperial period : for the type cf. 298.
822-828. SaroophagOB : ranaoming of Heotor's body.
Pentelic marble. L. 1.50, H. -SB, short side L. .35. D-M. 323.
Robert, ii. 51, pL XXIV. Fig. 45.
L. hand end of long side, L comer, and portions of 1. short side only.
The bottom is broken off all along, so the feet are missing in every case.
The top of the short side is decorated
with an egg and dart pattern ; the long
side has rather an elaborate profiled
edge. At the comer and shown partly
on the short side in back view and on
the long side in profile to r. is a female
figure clad in a long chiton with a diplois
(holding a lance in her r. hand, and a
shield on her 1. arm) advancing to r.
Fig. 45. from under an arched gateway. There
is a himation round the lower limbs :
the head is lost, but the figure is certainly female. The gateway is shown
perspectively on the short side. Before proceeds a strong, well-developed
youth holding a huge crater with both hands. Before him is a chariot {biga)
also advancing to the r. It is driven by a cuirassed warrior (helmeted, but the
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SCULPTURE 167
head is badly damaged) : behind him there stands in the chariot a youth
in Phrygian costume, bonnet, short-sleeved tunic, and trunk hose) holding
on his shoulders with his r, hand a cuirass, and in his 1. hand a vase ; he
is seen from the back, whereas the other two are in profile. In the ground
behind him appear the hind quarters of a horse. At the heads of the
horses of the 1^41 (the end of the pole and part of the yoke appear be-
tween their necks) and in the background is a nude youth in three-quarter
profile to the r. holding them back. Fair, but hard work of the 2nd
cent. A.D.; cf. 402.
824. Seated lion.
Bluish marble. L. .70, H. -68. D-M. 183.
Fore legs broken away: month open: tail cnrled round 1. hind leg. Common
decoratiye woric of late, but uncertain date.
825. Bearded male statue : archaic.
H. .68. I>-M. a. F-W. 67- Furtwangler, A/h. Mitt. i88a, p. 170.
Fig. 46.
Badly weathered ; all below navel, and r. hand missing. Arms slightly
bent back at the elbow, but tight to sides, and hands clenched. Beard
Fig. 46.
Fig. 47.
short, just reaches breast; hair long, a curling lock falls on to each
shoulder, down the neck the hair falls in a broad, square, fiat undetailed
mass : detail on locks on shoulders rendered by oblique lines. No feature
of the face is clear. The chest is rather narrow, but high : the front of
the chest and stomach is continuous in one flat plane : no details given
except the contours of the breasts, and the navel, a deep circular hole.
The back is merely roughly rounded : just above the breakage is an iron
dowel. Good, strong archaic work, 6th cent b.c. Introd. §§ i, 14.
326. Artemis.
H. -80. I>-M. 96. Fig. 47.
Head and arms, which were set on, are missing : the legs are broken
off, and the shoulders much damaged. Clad in loose, long, ungirt chiton
with diplds. A narrow belt across the 1. breast and over the r. shoulder.
L. leg was advanced.
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9PARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Good, spirited work : drapery naturally rendered. A good copy of a
4th cent, original: Prazitelean type, replica of
Artemis Colonna (Fig. 48): v. Introd. § 16.
827. Gargoyle : lion's head.
H. '20, L. -47. Introd. § 24.
Open-mouthed, jagged-toothed, flat-nosed head
with staring eyes childishly executed : behind cut
square to set in wall : was never used as a water-
spout. Probably Prankish work.
828. Grave relief.
Bluish marble. H. '52, B. -45. D-M. 253.
Upper part with head of figure broken away. It shows
a nade fignre in chiton, and a himation wrapped round
both shoolderi en face : r. free leg : r. hand in fold of
garment, L hangs down at side. Rough, late work:
imperial period.
820. Draped female torso.
H. .125. I>7M. 162.
Head, and breast, and 1. arm wanting. R« free 1^ :
r. arm on chest, L was hanging at side. Clad in long
Ordinary work of the imperial peri<xL
Fig. 48.
chiton and a himation.
880. Male toga statue,
Bluish marble. H.
1-25. D-JVl. 143.
Head and 1. hand, which were set on, are missing : feet broken off : 1. free leg. R. arm
on chest, 1. hanging at side. Clad in chiton with a toga over it. Conunon, flat, local
work of the imperial period.
881. Basin.
Bluish marble. Di. -62.
In four fragments. On outer rim four semi-drcnlar flat handles; one missing.
Very shallow. Rough, common work.
882. Hydria.
Bluish marble. H. -72, Di. -54.
Handles broken off. In two pieces joined together. Rough, common work.
888. Draped torso (female P).
Pentelic marble. H. -sS, B. .40.
Fragment : lower part of torso only : flat behind : moderate work.
884. Alabastron.
Alabaster. H. -iS.
Plain, round shape, flat bottom : traces of unguent inside.
886. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
886. Bight hand.
L. 'Op.
Dowel hole in wrist, was made to set on : fingers clenched round some long, round
object that was set in.
887. Portrait, youthfkil bearded.
H. -35. D-M. 154. Introd. § 20.
Hair treated in thick mass of short curls : beard rendered in short, close,
tight curls. Bar above brow : eyebrows and eyes plastically rendered.
Expressionless, ordinary portrait of the Antonine period : &ir work.
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SCULPTURE 169
888. Ideal female head.
H. '25. D-M. 102. Introd § 20.
Inclined a little to its 1. ; and looks upward with a weak sentimental
expression. Hair centre parted, and waved away at sides to a chignon
behind. Hard, lifeless work after 4th cent type : work of Antonine
period.
880. Female head : portrait.
H. .26.
Face only: badly weathered Hair centre parted; small rolled
fillet (?) round head; veil (himation?) over back of head. Eyes plasti-
cally rendered. 2n(l cent a.d., Hadrianic period
840. Ohild'8 head.
H. -12. D-M. 141.
Very badly damaged. Roand, chubby features ; long, curling, silky hair. Good
work of imperial period.
841. Helmeted head.
H. -16. D-M. 127. Introd § 18.
Badly damaged. Full beard, strong features, deep-set eyes, passionate
expression. Ajax or Menelaus ^pe. The 1. side is not worked. Fair
work, hasty, but not spiritless. Possibly 2nd cent b.c.
842. SilenuB head.
Bluish marble. H. -16. D-M. 68.
Very badly damaged. Bearded, pointed ears, ivy-wTeathed and lav^^iing : fnrther
details indistingnishable.
848. Bearded portrait: philosopher.
Pentelic(?) marble. H. -45. D-M. 150. Introd. § 20.
Bald, hair at back of head merely chipped out, lies close ; high, furrowed
forehead, eyes and eyebrows plastically rendered; loose, fat cheeks, beard
and moustache in long, tangled, grained locks; long, oval-shaped head;
was made to set in. Moderate work : 2nd cent a.d.
844. Helmeted Athena head.
H. -32. D-M. 25.
Nose and chin dsumaged Corinthian helmet on back of head : hair
centre parted and waved away at sides to a chignon behind. Hard,
inferior work after 4th cent type : imperial period.
846. Idon'a head : gutter-spout.
H. •22, L. •23.
From a gutter, acted as a water-spont Open-movthed ; shours remains of colour-
ing : mane and eyes in black, lines and details of month and face picked oat in black,
the lest is coloured a brownish pink. Ordinary architectural work.
846. Altar firagment : oiroular.
H. .30, L. .38.
Bucraninm TRoman, skull type) with a decorated band across forehead supporting
garlands, of whidi traces of the ends remain : imperial period, Ytxy ordinary work.
847-848. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
840. Cybele enthroned.
Bluish marble. H. -35. D-M. 49.
Head, forearms, and feet broken off, also head of the lion : a small
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SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
dowel hole in stump of 1. arm. Statuette similar to 802. Goddess seated
on a plain high-backed throne, clad in high-girt chiton, and himation over
the 1. arm and shoulder. By the r. side of the throne sits a lion, her
r. hand probably rested on its head : her 1. hand which was raised would
have held the tympanum. Common work of the imperial period.
850. Dionystui: statuette.
H. .56. I>-M. 62.
Legs from middle of thighs, and forearms broken off; and whole is
otherwise much defaced. Nude ; 1. free leg, and advanced. R. hand
rested on top of head ; 1. hung down at side, and rested on top of a tree-
trunk by side of 1. leg. The hair is long, but apart from a lock falling on
to each shoulder, its arrangement is not clear. The whole figure is
supported by a square pillar behind. The type seems to belong to the
4th cent Ordinary work, rather decorative, not earlier than the ist
cent B.C., V. Reinach, J^/p. p. 123.
851. Oybele, seated on a lion : statuette.
Bluish marble. H. -39. D-M. 47. Introd. § 18.
Head broken off. On a lion standing to the r. a goddess is seated side-
ways. She is clad as 849, her feet rest on a footstool. Her r. hand rests
on the lion's hind quarters ; the 1. holds a tympanum (?) (decorated with
an eight-rayed star) on its head. The back is merely roughly rounded.
Poor work; not earlier than the ist cent b.c.
852. Head: Apollo (or fiBmale P).
H. -20. D-M. 94.
Only r. eye and port of forehead and hair above remain. The forehead is low.
The hair was centre parted, and waved away to the sides; in front there seems to have
been a crobylos. Good work, probably 3rd cent B. c.
858. ReUef.
H. .14, B. -12. D-M. 274.
Bottom half only. It shows the legs and hips (all above is broken off) of a node
figure (male or female) b profile proceeding to the r. with the 1. leg advanced.
Rough, late work of uncertain date.
854. Lion's head: gntter-epout.
H. -lo, L. .18.
Upper part only : used as water-spout Ordinary
ardiitectuial work.
855. Snake relief.
Bluish marble. H. '42, B. -18. D-M. 22.
Introd. § 9.
Bearded and crested snake curling up to 1.
By its mouth an egg (?), perhaps as food.
5th cent B.c.
S56. Diosouri relief.
Bluish marble. H. .70,6. .52. D-M. 209.
Introd. §§ 6, 10. Fig. 49-
Fig. 49- Gable-topped stele with acroterion in centre :
in gable two cocks facing one another. Below,
the stele is divided into two relief fields by a broad horizontal band. In
the upper field are the Dioscuri en face, standing opposite one another
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SCULPTURE 171
in similar symmetrical positions. They are nude, and wear no pilei:
their inner hands hold their horses (seen in profile) by the bridles, their
outer hands hold lances : their outer legs are the free legs. In the lower
field are seen the upper parts (the lower part of the stele is broken away)
of two tall amphorae with high, rounded handles, and conical lids ; round
each amphora curls a snake. Cf. 7, 201, 575, and 618. Flat work:
probably not earlier than 2nd cent. b. c.
857. Bn^ped tBmale stataette.
H. -34. D-'M. 12 a.
Head missing : badly weathered : dowel hole in nnder side of base : r. free leg.
Clad in long chiton, and himation loosely wrapped about the shoulden. Fair work,
bat badly damaged ; possibly and cent. B.c.
858. Iiefthand.
L. .05.
Very small, much damaged : still holds some flat, round object.
850. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
860. Stataette.
Bluish marble. H. •24. D-^M. 131.
It represents a beaided man seated with his hands clasped across his loiees which
are rather wide apart. The breast and stomach are bare ; the rest of the figure is
draped. The back is totally unworked. Extremely mde, local work : possibly un«
finished.
861. Eemalehead: (pcortrait P).
H. -35. D-M. 167.
Very badly damaged, and almost completely defaced : it was in later times used as
building material as the leaf ornament on the back shows. The hair was parted in the
centre^ and waved back at sides.
862. Helen (P) relief.
Blue-grey, marble-like, local stone. H. .35, B. -18, D. -n. D-M. aai.
Gable-topped stele. It shows a similar female fi^re to that on 818,
except that die arms hang away from the body obliquely, and the hands
seem clenched. Cf. 201, 202, and 208. Possibly 4th cent. Introd. § 13.
868. Drapery firagmeiit.
Pentelic (?) marble. H. .59. D-M. 175. Loewy, /. G. B, 336.
Introd. § I.
Hanging fragment of micertain garment Fair Neo-Attic work. On
the folds the foUowing inscription : —
AnOAAW
NIOC AOH
NAIO C
EnO IE!
'AiroXXfl^lvMr *ABfi\waia£ \ ItroUi. The letters are very carefully inscribed with
slight apices, in all probability by the sculptor hhnself : the forms of the
(a) A are incorrectly reproduced in D-M., also that of the C in 1. 2.
864. Archaic groap : fragment.
Bluish marble. H. -48. D-M. i. Marx, AlA. MUL 1885, p. 177,
pi. VI ; von Prott, ibid. 1904, p. 16, pi. 6 ; Perrot, viil p. 438, .3 ; Wolters,
'E<^. 'Apx. 189a, p. 226; Baur, EiUtihyta, p. 43; Rouse, Gk. Votive
Offerings, pp. 264» 257. Introd. §§ 13, 14-
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172 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Found at Magula. It represents a kneeling, nude, female figure with
a small male figure close to each side. Her head, both arms, 1. shoulder
and legs below the knees are broken away: nearly all the figure on
her L, except the stomach and hips, is lost ; of the other, only the legs
below the knees are wanting. In the upper broken surface of the woman
is a small dowel hole above the r. breast. Close against her r. side is
a small, nude male figure, holding the
fingers of both hands to its mouth and
apparently sucking them. The forms
of its body are small, thin and narrow,
with no detailed rendering: the head
is very big, has wide, staring eyes, and
a blunt nose: the hair is in a Uiick,
undetailed mass cut straight round on
the neck. The other figure is, as far
Fig»«5o 51. ^ possible to determine, similarly
handled: but it is slighdy higher up
against the woman's body. Its 1. arm is held down obliquely against the
woman's body in front: the hand is open and pressed palm inwards
against her stomach. The female form is fairly well rendered on the
whole : the chest and stomach are flat and in the same plane : the navel
is not indicated, but the rima is : the chest is broad, and the hips rather
nanow: the back is modelled to the contours merely: the thighs are
pressed close together, and are shapeless. Good, archaic work : 6th cent.
B.C. Fig. 50, 61.
865. Male head.
H. -26. D-M. 113.
Very mnch worn and defaced : a thick round fillet ronnd the head : the hair is
handled in short, small, flowing locks. Other details indistinguishable. Possibly dates
from and cent. B.C.
866. Statuette fragment.
H. .ao.
A piece of a base with a tree trunk on which a himation is placed and hangs down
round it. Served as a support : ordinary wodc of imporial period.
867-^S7« See Inscriptions.
888. Eriese fragment.
L. '26^ H. -ii.
Profiled edge above, below red and button ornament, between an anthemion and
bud pattern. Ordinary architectural work.
880. &^ Inscriptions.
800-801. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
802. Grave relief.
Bluish marble. H. .56, B. .60. D-M. 255.
Part of lower portion only. It shows the legs of a man clad in himation (r. free leg)
standing en face. By his L side is a circular basin-shaped altar on a fluted base like
191. Very rough work : imperial period.
808-806. See Inscriptions.
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SCULPTURE 173
807. Uninsoribed base.
H. -37, L. .75, D. .48.
Philios says he found no base to correspond with these measurements. He however
foimd a marble block that might be at first sight taken for a base. It was nnnnmbered,
bat was afterwards nombered by him. It b possibly, as he says, a theatre seat.
898. VotlTe relief.
Bluish limestone. H. -52, B. *28. D--M. 196. Rouse, Gk, Votive
Offerings, p. 215.
From Messenia. Two r. hands and forearms in low, ronnd relief, hands upwards.
The hands are spread oat flat palm downwards, and the fingers are all separated.
Roagh work of late, bat oncertain -date. For similar reliefs v. Heydemann, Ant,
MartnorbUdw, j. Atk,, 14; Jahn, Berichte d. sacks. GeseUs, d. Wissenschafieny^M,
1855, p. 53 ; see above, p. 27.
Above is an inscription, for which see Inscriptions.
809. Right hand.
Bluish marble. L. -lo, W. -lo.
Fragment of a statue, possibly of a nymph holding a basin; at least
the hand still holds a fragment of a circular basin decorated on the rim
with an t%% and dart, and a reel and button pattern. Ordinary work:
imperial period. Cf. 99.
400-401. See Inscriptions.
402. SaroophagHB firagment : ranBoming of Heotor's body.
H. 'SO, B. -57. D-M. 224. Robert, ii. 53, pi. XXIV. Fig. 52.
Above decorated border, t^ and dart and
reel and button ornament Similar representa-
tion to that on 822 + 828. On the 1. is a figure
in profile to r. (chlamjrs over 1. shoulder) ; he
holds in both hands a big metal hydria. In
the background behind him is a helmeted,
bearded barbarian. Before him is seen part
of a chariot filled with shields: driving it is
a bearded barbarian in short-sleeved chiton,
Phrygian cap, &c. Very fair work, but badly
damaged : of imperial period. p.
408. Arohaiatio henn head.
Bluish, fine marble. H. -57. D-M. 100. ^- F. 1 3 1 5-1 3 1 6.
Front of bust broken off: dowel hole on top of head to set on
a separate piece. Filleted, hair in three rows of tight curls on edge of
forehead : two long locks falling down either side on to the shoulders, and
a large flat mass falUng down the neck (detail given by finely chiselled,
wavy lines). High narrow forehead with slight conventionalized bar, eyes
moderately deep set; high, plump, rather hard cheeks; square jaw;
hard, oval, projecting chin ; all features hard and severe. Dresscl and
Milchh5fer, and Philios also call it female. Sievekmg says it is male, and
belongs to a class of Roman Bacchic herms depending on earlier types ;
from these types the hair is derived: the face he says is Scopaic. Good
work of imperial period.
404. Su Inscriptions.
405-406. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
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174 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
407-408. See Inscriptions.
409. Seat.
Bluish marble. H. .64, L. '58, D. -43.
Was missing : Philios conld not find it : Kastriotes in his catalogue describes it
thus :— ' Marble seat broken in two, in the western room of the Mnseun.* Now 769,
q.v.
410-411. &f Inscriptions.
412. Lion's foot on base.
H. 17, W. .i6,L..i8.
Broken in front of foot, and above :
ordinary decoratiye work.
Fig. 53.
418. Bysantine oapitoL
L. •61, H. -14, B. a?. Introd. § 24. Fig. 53.
Flat sides, similar to 89 b : to fit a shaft 'ii scjuare. Abacus
flat, only one side decorated, on it a oonchant lion. Very fiur
work.
414. Aphrodite and Eros.
H. .37. D-M. 34. Introd. § 18.
Found in Gytheion harbour. The head, r. arm and
foot and 1. forearm are missing : 1. is the free leg. She
is clad in a long-sleeved chiton girt just under the
breasts, and with bands round the shoulders : she also
wears a himation flung over 1. arm and shoulder, across
the back, and before the lower limbs. Her head was
turned round to her 1., towards an Eros perched on
her 1. shoulder ; traces of the Eros (leg, &c,) are just
visible. Pleasing work, rather hasty ; not earlier than
late 2nd cent. e.c.
415. Arohaio hero relief.
H. '36, B. .35. Relief height, .02—03. D-M. 10, pi. 23 ; F-W. 61 ;
Perrot, viii. pp. 134, 441, Fig. 74. Introd. §§ 3, 14.
Similar representation to 4. Much defaced, and lower part broken off
at the level of the seat of the throne. The heroes are enthroned to 1.
The throne apparently exactly similar to that on 4. The head of the
man only is en /ace, otherwise he is similar to 4. The female figure which
is only just distinguishable, holds out her veil with her r. hand, and in
her 1. hand holds a pomegranate on her knee. The snake is before the
throne, and its head only reaches to the foot of the cantharus. There
are no worshippers. The relief comes next to 816 in the series ; but it
shows an alteration in the type, the enthroned figures look to 1. In style
it is more developed; the forms are rounder and fuller; in some details,
such as the drapery, there is more freedom in the handling. 6th cent. b.c. (?)
416. Dionysnsy Pan, and Satyr.
H. .45. D-M. 67.
Dionysus is headless, armless, and legless (from the knees) ; the lower
legs of Pan are broken off; and the whole of a third figure except the
r. arm is wanting. On the L (of the spectator) stands Pan (r. free leg),
he has goat's legs, is ithyphallic, and there are traces of drapery across
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SCULPTURE 175
the back ; with his r. hand he holds a syrinx to his mouth, with his L he
shoulders a pedum. In the centre leaning against him is Dionjsus (L free
leg). He is nude save for a nebris over r. shoulder : a long lock falls on
to each shoulder : his r. arm probably rested on his head (cf. 850), and
his 1. was probably round the body of the missing figure, a satyr (?), who
had his r. arm round Dionysus' waist. Ordinary work of the imperial
period : a combination of inharmonious types : v. d08.
417-418. See Inscriptions.
410. Lion's paw.
H. .16.
Ordinary deooratlTe work.
420. Baae with fiset.
H. -20, W. .25, D. '34.
R. hand end of base : on it is a L foot and ankle : behind the heel appear the toes of
the r. foot. Base of a dancing Maenad, or Satyr 1
421. Danoing Maenad.
H. 23. D-M. 69.
Head, r. arm and breast, 1. arm, and both legs wanting. Clad in
clinging chiton, girt just below breasts; it left r. shoulder and breast bare :
she also wears a himation over the L shoulder and round the lower limbs.
Good, spirited work, drapery well rendered, a trifle superficial in execu-
tion: probably ist cent. b.c. The hair is long, and hangs down the
back. The r. arm was dropped across the body, and the 1. stretched out ;
the head and the body in general were inclined to their 1. For the tjrpe
compare the Dancing Maenad in Berlin, No. 208.
422. Ape (P>
H. .12.
All above navel, and the feet are missing. The figure is seated on a low rock :
rough work of nncertahi date.
428. Heraolee head.
H. .23. D-M. 82.
Found north of Acropolis. The nedc Is inclined to its 1., the head to its r. Short
hair and beard worked almost entirely with tlie drill. Very badly weathered. Com-
mon work of imperial period.
424. Cybele enthroned : firagment.
H. -21. D-M. 50.
Head and shoulders broken ofif^ and the whole very badly weathered.
Similar to 802 and 840, but there is a lion each side of the throne.
Cf. 462.
426. Lion's head: gatter-apont.
Bluish marble. H. •20.
Served as waterspout : common, late architectural work.
426. Aphrodite and Broa,
Bluish marble. H. -20.
Upper part of torso only with upper L and r. arms. Against her 1. arm and shoulder
leans a nude Eros (neck to knees only left) : by her r. shoulder is some uncertain
object (drapery, or other Eros I). Common, rough work.
427-420. See Inscriptions.
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176 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
480. Belief fragment.
H. -31, B. .30.
In high relief are seen the stomach and thighs of a male figu« en facet '• ^ree leg.
Ordinary work, imperial period. Backgroond not flat, and on it there seem to be
traces of drapery (I).
481. Aroliaio hero relief.
Bluish marble. H. •19, B. •19. Introd. $ 3.
Fragment showing only the r. hand of the male figure (draperj on arm),
holding the cantharus; and the two hands of the female figure, the r.
holding out her veil, and 1. a pomegranate. The figures were enthroned
to 1. : and this fragment is of the same t)rpe as 4, 415, and 46L From
the rounded forms it seems later than 416 and 461.
482. See Imscriptioms.
488. lion's foot.
Bluish marble. H. 13, D. -la, W. -13.
The lower part of a sqnaxe pillar decorated in front with a Uon*s foot Ordinary,
late woric.
484. Draped male Btatnette.
H..H.
Head was set in ; shonlders and breast, r. arm, and L vpper arm only left. Clad in
chiton and himation : r. arm bud on chest : imperial period.
485. See Inscriptions.
486. See Miscellanxous Antiquities*
487. Female head.
H. .11.
Hair filleted, centre parted and wa^ed back to a chignon on neck. The face is very
badly damaged. Hair in tiiick, loose locks. Ordinary work of imperial period.
488. Head and Bhotdders of a stataette.
Bluish marble. H. a?.
In extremely bad condition ; all details nnrecosnisable. Originally it does not seem
to have been good work. It is possibly a Herades with the lion*s skin oTer his head.
480. See Inscriptions.
440. Stele of Damonon.
H. .94, B. 235, D. 16. D-M. 20.
Formerly in the monastery of Hagioi Saranta, east of Sparta. At the
top in low relief is a quadriga to 1. It is freely rendered, the second
horse from the 1. has its head turned to the r. In the car, of which only
the wheel is visible, is a figure bent forward driving. The whole is handled
in a very spirited manner, and as far as can be seen from its bad
condition the work is good; it probably belongs to the 5th cent.
Below is an inscription, for which see Inscriptions.
441. VotiTe relief to Alexandra.
Bluish marble. H. 1.36, B. -64. Ath. Mitt. i%i%,^. 164. Introd. $z8.
Found in church of Hagia Paraskeve at Mahmoudbey. Gable-topped
stele with acroteria : gable plain. On 1. is seated on a rock to r. in three-
quarter profile a female figure clad in a long chiton, girt at the waist, and
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SCULPTURE
177
a himation over her 1. shoulder and lower limbs; she wears sandals;
her hair is dressed in a crobylos. Her 1. hand holds on her knee an eight-
stringed cithara which she plays with her r. hand. Before her is a
round altar on a square base. Towards her advance (1. free legs) three
male figures. They are in three-quarter profile ; and wear chitons, and
ample himatia which cover the whole body but the r. shoulder. The
foremost holds in his dropped r. hand a patera, and the other two hold
up their r. hands in adoration. Surface badly damaged. Moderate work
of I St cent. B.c. Above and below is an inscription, for which see
Inscriptions. Fig. 54.
442 a. Heraoles herm in high relief.
Bluish marble. H. 185. D-M. 85. Introd. § 20. Fig. 55.
Found at Arapissa, part of Magula. Broken into eight pieces, but
practically complete, on a plain base stands a plain pilaster : on the front
of this pilaster is ^e herm in high relie£ The herm shaft is wider
Fig. 54.
Fig. 55.
above than below. It represents a bearded man as Heracles. The
hair is handled in thick, curling mass standing away from the head.
The forehead is broad and high, it is wrinkled, and there is a bar above
the brow. The eyes are deep set, and plastically rendered ; so also are
the eyebrows. The beard is in thdck, coarse, curlmg locks. Round the
shoulders is wrapped the lion's skin held together on the chest by the r.
hand ; by the hand the lion's head : the L hand holds the club. The
skin is rendered like drapery. Over all are traces of red colouring.
The forms are strongly and boldly rendered, but lack refinement. Good,
decorative work of ^tonine period. For the type may be compared
the herm from IHum, which belongs to the 2nd cent b.c. (Troja u.
Iltan. II. Beil. 53, p. 430.) Similar herms, one Heracles, tne other
Omphale, from Sparta, are at Dhimitzana {Aih MitL^ iv. p. 127, 2, 3).
442 b. Herm in high relief.
Bluish marble. H. 1.55.
Similar to 442 a. Broken across the middle and the upper half lost
S.C. N
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178 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Only the 1. hand, which held an uncertain object, is seen, and about
half the lion's head by it The lion's skin here also is rendered like
drapery. Same period and workmanship as 442 a.
448. Draped female statue.
Pentelic (?) marble. H. 1-65. Introd. $ 19.
Broken obliquely across chest, and upper part lost. Clad in long
chiton and himation : r. free leg ; sandab on feet. The r. arm is laid
obliquely across the chest, the 1. hangs down by the side. Fair work
(portrait statue) of the ist cent. a.d. On the base is the inscription : —
AAAMOZGENEIAN
THNGYrATEPA
[KlX(aud/ay) AofUNT^cvfiair \ rffp Bvympa. The letters in 1. 2 are consider-
ably smaller than those in L i. Slight apices. See p. 7.
444. Boy's head (Bros P).
Bluish marble. H. aa.
Lies on its r. side. Hair has a plait down the centre from the forehead to the
crown, and falls in thick, silky curls over the ears. Face much damaged : childish,
chubby features. Probably part of a sleeping Eros : cf. 20, 21.
445. Female head.
H..17.
Much damaged, especially the fiice. The hair is centre-parted and waved away at
the sides to a chignon behind ; some hair hung down the neck, and there was a
crobylos in front. Fair work: not earlier than the ist cent B.a ; but probably
after a 3rd cent. type.
446. See Inscriptions.
447. BioBOuri relief (Totive).
Bluish marble. H. 1.13, B. .58, Relief height, -03. Furtwingler.
A/A. MUL viii. (1883), p. 371, pi. 18. 2. Introd.
§§ 10, 15.
From Vurlia. Fig. 56.
Broken into fom* fragments : the lower legs of the
I. hand Dioscunis with the ends of the lines of the
inscription wanting, also all above the waists of the
figures. The two Dioscuri are represented standing
facing one another in profile in exacdy symmetric^
positions. Thej are nude, and have their inner legs
slightly advanced. The 1. Dioscunis holds in his L
hand a wreath. The forms are thin and graceful,
but flat and somewhat stiff. Good work: early 5th
cent. Between their thighs is a metrical inscription,
F>g- 56. for which see Inscriptions,
448. Grave relief.
Bluish marble. H. .40, B. .27.
Bordered by plain pilasters and architrave : no gable. A male figare standing
en face clad in long chiton and himation : r. arm across chest, 1. hangs at side. ll
free leg. Bad, rongh work of imperial period. Above each side of the head is the
inscription : —
CGJKPAT HXAIPe
Ifintfh-n^ Xoup*. The letters are late in form and careless in execntion.
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SCULPTURE
179
Fig. 57.
440. Grave Stele.
Blue marble. H. '38, B. '22, D. -12.
No inscription, nor any Kliel It shows plain field, probably once painted, bordered
by two Ionic columns with the proper entablature above : no pedimen^ however. Iron
dowel in base. Good work : 4th cent. B. c.
450. Girl holding a flower ; Arohaio relief.
H. .30, B. .22, ReUef height, -oa. D-M. 16, pi. 25 a. F-W. 66. In-
trod. § 14.
Broken in two at waist, and all below is lost It represents a girl
in profile to r. Her r. arm hangs straight down
close against her body ; her 1. is hdd np in front of
her, and her fingers hold (in the usual delicate archaic
manner) a conventionalized pomegranate flower. She
is clad in a long-sleeved chiton : drapery rendered by
oblique lines (cf. 8). Her hair hangs in a pig-tail down
her back. The oudine of the face is angular ; and, so
far as can be distinguished, there is an effort to render
the eye in profile. Of arms and body in general the
contours are merely indicated. Pleasing work: 6th
cent. B.c. Fig. 67«
461. Arohaio hero relief.
Bluish, marble-like, local stone. H. -49, B. -49. D-M. 11. Introd..
§§ 3. 15-
Formerly walled up in campanile of Metropolis (Hagios Demetrios) at
Mistrk. Surface very badly weathered. Similar to 415 ; the feet of the
pair enthroned to 1. rest on a footstool. No details recognizable except
by comparison with other similar reliefs. The snake just traceable.
About the same date as 416. '
462. Cybele enthroned.
H. .42.
Headless. Seated on a high-backed throne, and similarly clad to 302,
840 and d6L Either side of the throne a lion : cf 424. Her 1. hand
holds the tympanum on the low arm of the chair ; her r. lies on her thigh.
Common work, of imperial period.
468. Bight shoulder of draped statue.
H. .25.
Ordinary work.
464 a. BeUef.
Bluish marble. H. -24, B. •25.
Fragment within a plain border, a portion of an ornament
similar to 464 b.
464 b. Belief.
Bluish marble. H. .70, B. .40. Fig. 58.
Plain border at bottom : from two acanthns leaves two
stalks cnrl ont upwards enclosing two tendrils; they then
cnrl in, and then ont again, each ending in a flower hanging
down ontside. Above the tendrils is a bnd which sends np
a stalk ending np the acanthns stalks in an anthemion with an
egg-shaped heart Good work.
Fig. 58.
Similar reliefs in house of Georgios Stakos at Slavochori and in Mlstr^ Mi
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l8o SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
455 a. Grave relief.
Bluish marble. H. .65, B. .35. D-M, 263. Introd. § 18.
Formerlj in possession of I. Kardses.
Bottom unworked to let in ground. It shows a youth in three-quarter
profile to 1. His 1. is the free leg : his r. hand holds a wreath, his 1. a
prochoos (?) : he wears a short chiton girt at the waist : his head is
inclined forward to his r. Behind him and by his 1. foot is a low, round,
decorated base ; on the r. is a nude male figure (Hermes ?) ^, then by
side of him two females clad in long chitons and himatia with their r.
hands on their hips : all three figures are tnface ; in the male figure the
r. is the free leg, in the female figures the 1. ; further details are unrecogniz-
able. Above on the base are a phiale mesomphalos (?), and a flat grooved
object (a flute?) which projects upwards and obliquely from the outer
edge (of the base) without any support (this is an attempt to render
perspectively the objects resting on the base). Very badly weathered :
not earlier than the ist cent. b.c.
455 b. Hydria.
Bluish marble. H. -56.
No hmndles. The rim is decorated with am egg and dart pattern ; the neck is plain,
the body is divided into two sections by a band of cable pattern ronnd the middle, the
upper section is decorated by a pattern of concave rays, and the lower one by convex
rays ; there is a plain band between the body and the foot which is ornamented with
acanthus leaves hanging down ; the base of the foot is plain. Fair, decorative work
of the imperial period.
456. Su Inscriptions.
467. Aphrodite statuette.
H. 11.
All above the navel broken away. R. free leg : himation roond legs only, held
together in front of thighs by 1. hand : by L Iq; remains of some unrecognizable object
(a dolphin f). Ordinary work of imperial period, after a common type of Aphrodite.
468. Left hand: fragment.
L. ao.
Four fingers only ; no knnckles, thumb, or finger-tips. Very bad work.
450. Support with drapery P
H. .14.
Tree tmnk with traces of drapery on it ; support for a statuette.
460. Crater.
L. -la.
Part of rim only with a lion*s head projection to serve as a handle. Decorative work.
461. Bight thigh of statuette.
H. 'los.
Nude : only a small fragment.
462-464. See Inscriptions.
465. Bight heel and ehin.
H. .34.
Piece of base attached : broken off at instep, and middle 01 calf; behind is a tree-
trunk support.
^ Dressel and Milchhdfer, and Philios call this figure female : if female it certainly
was never clad as the other two. Dressel and Milchhofer say it seems ' fast mannlich.*
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SCULPTURE
l8l
466. See Inscriptions.
467. Diosoums relief.
Rosso antico. H. '22, B. aS. Introd. § lo.
Plain border all round. It shows in three-quarter profile to r. a
Dioscurus. He had a chlamjs about his shoulders, wears a pileus, his r.
hand holds a lance, and his 1. a sword. His head is inclined down to his
1. There seems to be some uncertain object before his 1. foot Very
flat relief: not earlier than ist cent. B.a
468. Votive relief: Apollo and Artemis.
Fine, yellowish marble. H. -46, L. -57. A/A. Mitt. 1887, p. 378,
pi. 12; J,H,S. 1888, p. 295; Hermes, 1902, p. 267; Harrison,
Prolegomena Gk. Religion^ p. 322, Introd. § 17. Fig, 69-
On 1. stands Apollo in profile to r : he is clad in a long high-girt chiton,
with a himation over it : in his 1. hand he holds a stringless (?) lyre, and
in bis r. a patera : he wears sandals : the 1. is the free leg and is slightly
advanced. The god's head and r. arm and shoulder are broken away.
Opposite him and facing him stands Artemis in three-quarter profile to 1.
She is clad in a long clinging chiton sleeveless and ungirt, but with crossed
bands under the breasts and over
the shoulders. There is also a
himation round her lower limbs
and over the 1. shoulder. She
wears sandals; 1. is free leg and
is drawn back in a resting position.
Her 1. hand is broken away : her
r. holds out a prochoos pouring
into the patera held by Apollo.
The 1. side of her head is broken
off : her hair is centre-parted and
drawn back to a chignon on the
neck behind. Her face is of
a beautiful ideal type, and looks
downwards. Between the two
figures there is a plain omphalos standing on a square plinth : each side
of the omphalos on the edges of the plinth stands an eagle ; they face
each other, but their heads are looking round behind them. The eagles
obviously refer to the legend that Zeus sent two eagles round the world
to find its centre, and that they met at Delphi (Plutarch, De defect, orac.
I). Very good work: the drapery is exceedingly well rendered in its fine,
small, clinging folds. Possibly a 4th cent. Attic relief imported to Sparta.
460. Female head (portrait P).
H. .30. D-M. 164.
Top and back of head wanting : hair centre-parted and waved back over the ears :
holes bored for earrings in the lobes. Eyes moderately deep: ordinary idealized
features, fat cheeks. Was made to set in a torso. Dressel and Milchhofer (if this is
their No. 164) say the eves are pUstically rendered; on close examination it does not
seem that they are. and cent a. d.
470. Torso of an animaL
L. .36.
Fore legs, part of hind legs, and fore part of head missing. Long-haired animal :
possibly a roogh-coated dog, or a ram. very rough, local work of late period.
Fig- 59-
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l82 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
471. Hygieia.
H. .42.
Head, r. arm, 1. forearm missing. Ckd in long chiton, with himation
thrown over L shoulder and across the lower part of the body: 1. free leg :
iron dowel in stump of r. arm rested against the thigh. There is a snake
over the 1. shoulder, its tail hangs down the back, and its head across the
body towards the r. hand. Ordinary work of the imperial period.
472. Left leg wearing boot.
L. •a I.
Snudl fragment of a statuette.
478. Bight leg wearing boot.
L. .13.
Small fragment only of a statuette : this and 472 are probably parts of the same
statuette.
474. Bight hand of statuette.
L. -la.
Piece of wrist, and hand holding edge of drapery. Perhaps fragment described in
Am.Jaum, ArcK 1893, p. 433 ^., where the measurements are L. '95, (?) DL •iS.
475. Similar hand, smaller. Now loat.
In a note Philios says this was noted as lost in Kastriotes' catal<^e, and in
Georgiades' notes made when he took charge of the Mnsenm.
47e. Horse's head.
L. •!$. Introd. § 23.
Nose broken off: small in size, ordinary work : eyes indicated plastically
and bridle also. Imperial period. This and 477-481 are fragments of an Amazon
sarcophagus.
477. Head in Phrygian oap.
H. .14.
Face completely broken off : hair centre-parted, and waved to sides. Ordinary work
of imperial period. Probably an Amazon.
478. Warrior head : helmeted.
H. 20.
R. side of face entirely broken away. Neck inclined to r., head turned round back
to 1. Fair work : imperial period.
470. Female head.
H. 10.
L. side of head, forehead and hair only. Wavy hair, rough chiselled work.
Imperial period.
480. Female head.
H. .13.
Wears sphendooe (f) : hair centre-parted and waved back. Expressionless, ideal
face : brow rendered by a curved incised line. Imperial period.
481. Warrior head.
H..13.
Face broken off, head is turned to 1. : same style as 478.
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SCULPTURE I^
482. Youthftd head : male.
H. .12.
Back and top of skull, and forehead only. Short hair ia Bmall, wavy curls growing
tip from the forehead. Hard work : imperial period.
488. Relief fragment: arohiteotnraL
L. .38.
Fragment of a slab of a balustrade (?). Narrow bolder of rosette pattern : within it
arms, a sword with a beaked hilt, a sword-belt, a shield, Sec Imperial period.
484. Bight hand holding a garland.
L. .18.
Veiy rough work : imperial period.
485. Fringe of oniraM.
L. .16, H. .12.
Part of an imperial armed statue : ordinary work.
486. Fragment of right thigh and drapery.
L. -lo.
Part of a female (f) statuette dad in a ehort chiton : spirited work.
487. DionysoB (P) statuette.
H. .30. Introd. § 17.
Head, arms, and r. leg below knee broken off; 1. leg, which was set on,
is missing. A long lock hangs down on each shoulder : the r. arm was
raised (rested on head ?), the 1. dropped : the r. leg was advanced : possibly
the 1. was also advanced a little: draped only in a himation thrown round
the hips and falling over the r. leg in front : he half leans, half sits on
a tree trunk behind. Modelling of torso good, but soft and rather fat :
treatment fresh and natural : drapery well rendered. Late 3rd cent.B.c.
488. Left hand on tree trunk.
H. .20.
Top of a tree-trank support romid which twines a vine ; on the top rests a 1. hand :
cf. 106. Bad, late work : imperial period.
480. Tree trunk.
H. 26.
Similar to 488; a tree trunk with a vine twining roond it, bnt no hand on top.
Ordinary work.
400. Bioflourus relief: fragment.
Blue marble. H. .30, W. .25. Introd. § 10.
Portion of horse (front quarters ; no head or hoofs), and r. arm and
shoulder of r. Dioscurus. The Dioscurus held his horse's bridle with r.
hand ; the end of the chlamys appears on the shoulder. The position of
the Dioscurus and horse is similar to 856. Fair work, rather superficial:
ist cent. B.c.
401. Polphin.
L. .13.
Partof aanpport of asUtuette: cf. Ue. It rerts head downwards on arock: on
ito back lemains of the 1. 1^ of a nnde male (f) figure : the tail is broken oC
Ordinary work.
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SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
492. Bysantine oapitaL
L. •6i, H. 'ao. Introd. § 24
Fig. 60.
Flat sides : oblong shape : to fit a shaft •15 square : abacas
slightly curved : one side only decorated, on it in high relief
a winged lion seated to r., before its head a bunch of grapes (?),
conventional flower pattern between its paws. Good work.
498. Draped female statuette.
H. .25.
Part of base and L foot and leg from knee only: clad in long
chiton and himation ; sandal on foot : tree-trunk sappoit behind.
Ordinary work of imperial period.
494. Oblong base with fish.
H. .12, L. 60, B. .43. D-M. 180.
Formerly in possession of P. Rnsdkes. It is broken at one
short end; and on top, and in general, is badly weathered.
There is a plain square plinth round the base, above that the
whole surface is inoicated as sea by deep drill-cat wavy lines.
On the still existing short side there are in the centre two fish
(rather like cod) ncing open-mouthed, and behind them two
conches. On the long side to 1. there are seen (from L to r.)
Fig. 60. a dolphin (bead only), an octopus, and a small dolphin-like fish.
On the other side there are (again 1. to r.) the tail of a large
fish (body broken off), a crab, and an octopus. Decorative work of imperial period.
496. Grave relief: fragment.
H. .35, L. 22.
Broken all round : it shows the legs of a figure standing enfacey and clad in a long
chiton and a himation that flies open in frx>nt : r. free leg. Rough, conunon work of
the imperial period.
496. Bearded head : Silenns.
H. .36. Cf. Amelung, SadpL Vat. Mus., Br. N.ii; Helbig*, I. 4;
Collignon, ii., fig. 301.
Much weathered. Full beard and hair falls down neck : pine wreath
round the head : pointed ears : the hair is rendered in thick, loose, curling
masses of rather coarse texture. So far as the mutilated features are
distinguishable there is rather a noble character in them. The type of the
head seems to be derived from the well-known statue of Silenus carrying
the infant Dionysus. In that case the original of this head would go back
to the 3rd cent. b.c.
497. Male bust.
H. .30.
Head and r. shoulder broken off. Drapery over 1. shoulder. Back
hollowed out, leaving a central support.
Ordinary work : Hadrianic shape.
498. Saroophagos: Amasonomaohia.
L. •93, H. -64, Length of fragment of
front .30. Robert, ii. 128, pi. XL VII.
Introd. §§ 21, 23. Fig. 61.
R. hand short side, and r. hand end of
front only : top broken off so that all figures
lack heads, and otherwise much disfigured.
Short side : on r. riding to r. on a horse that
has sunk on to its knees is an Amazon (all above waist gone) clad in
Fig. 61.
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SCULPTURE 185
a short chiton and wearing high boots; she sits on a lion's-skin saddle. On
the horse's hind quarters are the knees of a warrior attacking the Amazon
from behind. Then there is an Amazon to 1. beaten to her knees. She
kneels on her 1. knee only, her r. leg is stretched straight out in front of her.
She wears a short high-girt chiton that leaves her r. breast free : with her
r. hand she strives to thrust awaj her opponent, while with her 1. she
attempts to free her hair from his grasp. Her opponent, a nude warrior, en
face, holds her bj the hair with his 1. hand while with his right he draws
back his sword for the last stroke. The remaining portion of the long side
shows the legs of a female figure standing en face (L free leg), and clad in
a long chiton : by her r. foot is a serpent (?). The bottom of the sarco-
phagus all round is decorated by a scotia between two narrow tori.
Very rough work: 3rd cent a.d.
409. 8aroophagTi8 fragment: AmaBonomaoliia.
L. .45, H. -30. Robert, iL 123, pi. XLVII. Introd. § 23. Fig. 62.
Broken away on all sides. It shows
only the lower part of the torso and the
thighs of a male warrior striding to r.,
and the torso of a kneeling Amazon clad
in the usual short chiton leaving the r.
breast free. In the background behind
the warrior's legs appear the hips of a
fallen warrior, and on the r. a bent knee pjg. 53.
above which is a horse's hind leg. It is
probably a fragment of a group in which a warrior seizes a kneeling
Amazon by the hair (cf. Robert, ii. 80, 86, 87). Fair, vigorous work
of the imperial period.
600-508. See Inscriptions.
504. Silenns torso.
H. 64.
Upper part of head, r. hand, 1. arm, all but hand, and 1^ from knees, are missfaig.
He 18 bearded, and looks down to his r. : his r. arm leans on a tree trunk at his side :
the r. is the free le? : the 1. hand rests on the hip : there is a panther's skin thrown over
the r. shoulder. The body is fat, and the proportions are bad : the beard is handled
in thick, coarse, cnrling locks. Inferior work of imperial period.
605. Arohaio hero relief!
Limestone. H. •60, fi. -40, Relief height •005. Furtw'ingler, Ath.
Miith. vii. (1882), p. 160, PI. VII ; E-V. 1312. Introd. §§ 3, 16. From
Chrysapha. Fig. 10.
Bearded male figure in profile enthroned to 1. The throne is similar to
that on 461, except that the arm ends in a circular disk, and there is a
cushion on the seat The figure is clad as that on 4, and the tail of the
himation hangs down between the arm and seat of the throne ; his feet
rest on a footstool, and he wears pointed shoes ; the beard is pointed ; his
hair, which b filleted, hangs in a long plait on his r. shoulder, and in a
brosul mass down his back; his r. hand holds out the cantharus, his 1.
holds a pomegranate on the arm of the throne : the eje is in profile. A
dog is jumping up at his knees and fawning on him. In the extreme upper
1. hand corner is seen a horse in profile to the r. standing on a narrow
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l86 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
fillet: this recalls Attic 'Totenmahl' reliefs. There is a rough piece
left at the bottom to let into the ground. There is no snake, and no
worshippers. The whole t3^e is conventionalized and stiff, but certain
details, such as the eye, the horse, the dog and the cantharus, are more
freely rendered, and clearly show the archaistic character of the relief, in
spite of its extreme flatness. Work of 4th cent
606-610. See Inscriptions.
611. DioBonri relief: fragment.
Blue marble. H. '30, B. -aS. Introd. § 10.
Piece of 1. hand border, and head and r. arm of L hand Dioscurus only.
The Dioscurus is shown en face with his r. arm raised : he wears the
pileus. Hair rendered by long, coarse locks that curl at the end.
Ordinary work of imperial period.
612. Yoathfol statuette : male.
Bluish marble. H. -yS.
Head, r. arm, 1. forearm, r. leg and 1. leg from the knee are broken off.
The L is the free leg : there is a chlamys fastened round the shoulders,
which fell over the 1. elbow. The r. arm hung down straight at the side,
there is the stump of a support on the hip. The position of the 1. arm is
uncertain, though there was a support on the 1. thigh ; it seems to have
been held out at the side. The forms of the body are thin, slender, and
somewhat long : the chest and the hips are narrow : the muscle over the
hips projects considerably. Ordinary, rather careless, work of the
imperial period.
618. Male Torso: Diosonros (P).
H. .60. Introd. § 15. Fig. 63.
Head, legs, and arms from middle of upper arm broken off. R. free
leg : chlamys round neck fastened with a fibula, and falling down back
over I. elbow : the 1. hand shouldered some attribute, there is a part of it
left on the upper arm, and it seems to be the end
of a sword-sheath. The forms of the body are strong
and well modelled. In the main proportions it is
similar to 92 (collar bone to line between nipples
•14, thence to navel •14, thence to pubes -is,
distance between nipples 'id), and in every respect
it bears an extremely close likeness to it As said
above this statuette is, as regards the torso, very
well and strongly modelled: the divisions of tli^
torso are clearly defined, but the transitions are not
Fig. 63. sharp : the whole form is solidly and squarely built,
and suggests a Peloponnesian original of the 5th
cent, of which this statuette is a better copy than 92. The Dioscuri do
hold swords as this figure does, cf. 7 and 201 ; for the chlamys cf. 9 and
14 b. The r. arm probably held a spear. A good copy of the imperial
period.
614. Male torso.
Medium marble, bluish veined. H. •6 a.
Head, arms, r. leg, and 1. leg from the knee broken off. The head was
thrown back: the r. arm dropped, and the 1. raised : the r. was the free
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SCULPTURE 187
leg : the whole body is bent forward and is slightly turned to its 1. The
forms are lean, hard, dry and shrunken as of an elderly man, or
a semi-human creature. Probably the torso of a dancing Satyr. Fair,
characteristic work of ist cent. a«d.
616. Youthftil tona
Bluish marble. H. -ss.
All above waist, and sdl below knees, is broken off. The L is the free
leg : clad in a panther (?) skin over the L shoulder, and under the r. ; it
covers the stomach, and hangs down each hip. The whole body inclines
a little to its 1. and leans on a tree trunk that is on that side. There are
remains of the r. hand on the hip. The skin is rendered like drapery,
and even as drapery is badly treated. A bad variation of the Satyr of
Praxiteles: imperial period.
516-018. See Miscxllamsovs Antiqvitzxs.
619. Female head : from a relief.
H. .lo.
R. hand half of head only. Hair fiUeted, centre pazted and waved back over eaxt :
eyes half shut : exprenionlen ideal featores. Ficwe to which it belonged was repre«
seated in profile to r. Ordinary work of imperiJ period.
620. See Misckllaneous Antiquitibs.
621-629. 5(^ Inscriptions.
680. Draped female torso.
H. 1.65.
Found in the field of Boretes near the Leonidaemn. Head and L fore-
arm were set on and are missing : r. arm and foot are broken ofif. Clad
in long chiton, and ample himation over L shoulder and round body, but
leaving r. arm free : r. free leg : 1. arm was held out horizontailj from
the elbow, and the r. hung down at the side. Good ordinary work
(portrait statue) of early imperial period.
881. Olub (of HeraoleB).
H. .52, Di. .18.
Ordinary work.
682« See Inscriptions.
688. See Misckllaneous Antiquities.
684. Male torso : statuette.
H. .37.
Head, arms, and legs all broken off. L. free leg : traces of attachment
of a support on 1. flank : body leans a little to the 1. Muscles very strongly
marked, and exaggerated : the forms, however, are not hardly or sharply
indicated. Workmanship good, possibly an original of the 3rd cent. b.c.,
or at least a good adaptation of an earlier type, made not later than the
ist cent B.C. Probably a resting Heracles.
686-686 a. See Inscriptions.
686. OoloBsal male head.
H. .30.
Almost entirely defaced : short hair : very thick neck : looks upwards : no beard.
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l88 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
687. See 800.
688. SaroophagUB firagment.
Bluish marble. H. •^o, B. ^so.
Upper edge decorated with egg and dart pattern above a reel and batton ornamenta-
tion : broken awar on the other three sides. It shows a nude youth standing en face ;
L free leg: his r. hand rests on his head, and his 1. holds a cornucopia (f) against his
shoulder. Very much worn, and further details unrecognizable. Imperial poiod.
689. Base of Dionysus statuette.
Blue marble. H. as.
Oblong base : in centre the feet broken off at ankles side by side : on 1. tree trunk
with a Tine twining round it : on r. pavrs of seated panther. Ordinary late work.
640. Draped female statuette.
Blue marble. H. '40.
Lees and base only left: 1. firee leg: dad in long chiton and himation: wears
sandals. Ordinary work : imperial period.
641. Sarcophagus fragment
Bluish marble. H. -24.
Only remain elaborately moulded border, and head of youth in high relie£ The
head is shown enfaci, but turned a little to its r. : filleted, short, curly hair treated in
a mass, and growing up off the forehead. Clumsy work, similar in style to 482.
Imperial peric^ Fragment of Heracles' labours sarcophagus ?
642-648. See Inscriptions.
644. Headless herm.
Bluish marble. H. .80, W. .26, D. .25.
Broken off at neck (in it there is a hollow to set on the head, or is it modem f) :
oblong holes for arms : traces of drapery or long hair on the bust : square shaft. On it
is an inscription for which see Inscriptions.
646-648. See Inscriptions.
640-668. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
664. Draped statuette.
H. .36.
Female (f). All aboTe waist, and all below knees broken away. Clad in long chiton
and himation : 1. free leg. Ordinary work of imperial period.
666. Female statuette.
H. •20.
Upper part of torso only: head was set in: clad in clinging high-girt chiton.
Inferior work of imperial period.
666. Draped male statuette.
H. .13.
Lower part of torso, thighs and 1. hand only. Clad in himation tightly
wrapped round the body : 1. hand holds a roll : 1. free leg. Fair work
of imperial period; suggests in type the Sophocles of the Lateran
(HelbigM.683).
667. Head of lion's skin : relief fragment.
Bluish marble. H. -35, B. •25.
Ordinary work, decorative : not earlier than the and cent. iLD. Possibly from
a Herm like 442 a, and 442 b
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SCULPTURE 189
668. Grave relief.
Blue marble. H. .32, B. -30.
Broken obliquely from r. to 1. It represents a nude youth standing in
three-quarter profile to 1. ; all below the hips is broken away. The r.
hand which rests on the hip holds some uncertain object, a chlamys (?) :
the 1. arm is held out and up. Before the 1. arm is a snake curling
upwards to the offering held in the hand ; cf. 666. Badly weathered,
and relief very flat; but work seems good. Ordinary work of good
period. 3rd cent. b.c. (?).
669. Cornice blook.
H. .25, W. .32, L. .60.
Found 00 land of P. Zenmlakes near the Leonidaenm. L. hand comer block of
a Doric entablature : overhanging moulded edge with tmaU, square consoles below.
660. Fortnna.
H. .39.
Head broken off. Clad in long, high-girt chiton and a himation over the U shoulder
and lower limbs : with both hands (the L holding it near the top, and the r. near the
bottom) she holds on her lap and against her 1. shoulder a large cornucopia : she sits
on a plain sauaie block ; in the middle of its upper edge bdiind is a dowel hole.
Ordinary work of the imperial period.
661. Votive relief: Heracles.
H. .26, W. .18.
Head and shoulders broken off. Stands enfau : r. arm rests on end of club at side,
1. holds lion's skin hanging at side : in bad condition. Common late work of uncertain
period.
662. Set MiSCXLLANXOUS ANTIQITmXS.
668. Decorative rapport.
Rosso antico. H. •45, B. -22, D. .24.
Foot broken off : cut flat on top with projection to let in : back flattened, and has
a hole for the insertion of a dowel. At the top square with a profiled edge ; below it
takes the form of a lion's leg, and probably ended in a lion's foot. On the front, just
below the profiled edge, is a female head in high relief (a Medusa head X) : the hair is
parted in tne centre, and hangs down either side in long waving strands. Face OTal
and rather flat : ordinary ezpresdoiilesB ideal featuxes. Fair won of the early imperial
period. Cf. 121 and 296.
664. Grave relief.
Bluish marble. H. •60, B. •40.
Oblong stele : upper edge adorned with |;able and acroteria not cut out It shows
a youth standing en facet cbui in a long chiton, and a himation over both shoulders.
R. firee leg : r. lumd laid on breast, L lumgs at side. Common work of the imperial
period. Each side of the head the following inscription : —
'EvIjctttc I XMp%,
Forms of letters A E E H TT • ^^*^ strongly marked.
666. Grave relief?
Bluish marble. H. -26, B. -22. Introd. § 9.
Lower 1. hand comer broken o£f. It shows a youth in three-quarter
profile to 1. advancing with r. foot. Over 1. arm and shoulder and about
his waist he wears a chlamys, held up at his side by 1. hand. His r. hand
raised above his head holds some uncertain object, a stone, or stick, which
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SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
he is about to throw at the snake curling up before him. It is strange that
he should desire to injure the snake instead of worshipping it Perhaps
a grave relief illustrating how the deceased met his
fate. Flat relief: good style.
668. Fig. 64.
4th cent. B.C.: cf.
666. Hare.
Sandstone. L. -32. D-M. 185.
Once in possession of Sannda Charrooros. Fore and hind
legs broken away : between hind legs an iron dowel : eais laid
back : deooratiTe wozk.
667. Aphrodite statuette.
H. .14
All above navel broken away: drapery round hips
Fi£ 64 *^^ ^^8^ fastened in front. R. free leg : hands were
probably raised doing her hair: ordinary work of
imperial period: in bad condition. For the type cf. Reinach, Rip.
PP- 339. 344. I.
608-669. Set Imscuptions.
670. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
671. OoloBsal female head.
Bluish, marble-like, local stone. H. -45. E-V. 13 18. Introd. § 17.
Found at Xerokambi. Very much damaged: only the face left; a laige
piece of the r., and a small part of 1. cheek, and part of the chin are cut
away, also the top of the polos : it was cut flat at the sides and back for
building material : on the forehead and eyes are crosses, and in other
respects it is very badly defaced. Hair parted in the centre, and drawn
away to sides in regular wavy strands : there is a polos on top of the
head. Eyes deep set : features serene and noble. For the type cf. 818
and 862. Good work : perhaps an original of 3rd cent. b.c. ; at least
a very good copy of imperial period of a work of that period.
672. Votive reUef.
Bluish marble. H. •26, B. .at.
Topped by a plain nble. It shows three similar female figures en face. Each
wears a long chiton and a himation over her shoulders. The hair falls down on either
shoulder in two long locks, and in front is made into a crobyloa. The r. hand is laid
across the breast, 1. hangs down at the side : r. is the free leg. Flat relief : work mde
and dnmsy, not earlier than ist cent. B.C. Votive relief to Charites, or to Nymphs.
678. Funeral feast relief.
Pentelic marble. H. .27, B. .27. Introd. § 9.
Lower r. hand comer only remains. It shows a nude youth, a slave,
in profile to 1. standing at the end of an oblong table on which are various
vessels. Below the table is a dog to r. on the ground, gnawing at a bone
held between his forepaws : by the dog is seen a r. foot on a footstool.
Of the figure reclining to r. on the couch, only part of the drapery
hanging down in front remains. Behind the table appear the leg and
seat of the couch.
674. Bomaa portrait.
H. .28. Meader, Amer, Journ, Arch. 1893, P* 4^^* Introd. § 20.
Found in excavations of round building on AcropoUs. Long hair
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SCULPTURE
191
falls over forehead. Eyes
handled as a thick mass of fine, curling locks
plastically rendered. Short beard rendered by small finely cut, close
clinging, wavy strands, in contrast to the hair. Features much damaged.
PhiUos considered it a portrait of Antoninus Pius. Meader thought
it resembled Caracallus. It however seems to be neither: 2nd cent. a.d.
676. Diosouri relief: arohaio.
Fine, blue local marble. H. -53, B. .50, Relief height .005. B. C. H.
1899, p. 599. E-^V. 1311. Perrot, viii. p. 442. Introd. §§ 10, 14.
Found under the shop of G. D. Kechagias in Leon Chamaraites Street.
Gable-topped stele: in the gable an t%% in the centre with a snake
approaching it from each comer. Below are seen the Dioscuri facing
one another in profile. They stand in exacdy symmetrical attitudes;
their inner legs are advanced, their inner arms are held up, their outer
arms carry long spears. They each wear a chlamys over both shoulders:
their hair is filleted and hangs down the back in a long plait : the 1. hand
one is certainly bearded ; the other seems not to be, but probably was (the
rf^^[]^^^
Fig. 65.
Fig. 66.
point of his chin, however, is worn away ; and in any case the cutting of
the relief is not always true, one amphora has a thicker neck than the
other). Between them stand two tall amphorae, with high, crooked
handles, and peaked, conical lids. The relief is very fiat ; there is no
rounded surface anywhere. The forms are sharp and angular, and given
in contour merely: the eyes seem to be en/ace^ and the brow is marked
by two incised lines above it : the drapery is rendered by oblique curving
lines. In general the style is similar to 8, and the relief dates from the 6th
cent. For the amphorae cf. 7, 201, 866, and 618. Fig. 65.
676. Seated draped statue : arohaio.
Limestone. H. '*io. Introd. §§ i, 14. Fig. 66.
Formerly at Magula in the house of Stathopoulos, who found it there
by the church of Hagios Demetrios. Headless, r. forearm broken off,
and I. arm almost worn away. The figure is probably male, since
breasts are not indicated. It sits in a stiff symmetrical position on an
armless throne with a solid square seat and a rounded back: the back
and the sides of the' seat are panelled : the bottoms of the legs splay
out a little right at the bottom. The arms are held close against the
sides and the forearms and hands are laid evenly on the thighs and knees.
The feet (there is a semicircular projection of the base in front to sup-
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192 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
port them) are separated a little, but placed side by side symmetrically.
The drapery is thick, solid, and stiff; the bottom border is decorated
with a horizontal line ; and there is an oblique line running down firom
the 1. shoulder across the body to show where the garment folds over.
Good archaic work of the 6th cent. b.c.
677. Pan.
Blue marble. H. .82.
Found at Magula. R. thigh, and 1. thigh and hip only. He has goat*s legs, and
a tail. There is a snppoit on Uie L hip : the figure is not worked at ue back, and is
solid, the thighs not being separated. Ordinary work of the imperial period.
677 a. (i) Three round fragments (of a staff P).
Two fit together, total L. •15, Di -oa; third is smaller, L. .05, Di. .015.
(2) B. hand with forearm.
L. 06.
It holds some uncertain object.
678. L. leg of male statue, with part of base.
H. 'qS.
Found at Magula on land of M. Karolas. It is supported on the outside by a tree
trunk against which leans a lyre. Probably part of an Apollo statue.
679. Seated female statuette.
Blue marble. H. -45.
Formerly in the house of Rousopoulos. Head and r. arm broken off; also L arm,
dowel hole in stump. Clad in long, high-girt chiton and a himation over L shoulder
and round the lower limbs: feet rest on footstool, 1. foot in adyance: throne high-
backed, but armless : cushion on seat Ordinary work of the imperial period.
680. Votive relief to Asolepins and Hygieia.
H. -46, B. .35, Relief height -lo. Introd. § 17. Fig. 67,
Found with 228 a at the north end of the town at the foot of the
Acropolis ; formerly in the house of Ellas Karagiannakes. The top of the
relief is broken off: the figures stand out in very
high relief, to accommodate them the relief has
a semicircular base projecting in front. On r.
is a female figure, Hygieia, standing en face ;
r. free leg: she wears a long chiton with a
himation over it and sandals. Her body above
her waist is entirely broken away. On the left
also en face stands Asclepius clad only in a
himation over 1. shoulder and round his lower
limbs : 1. is free leg. His head is broken off :
1. hand holds the himation together at the side :
r. hand was dropped at the side against the
background. Below it against the background
*^' ^' is a coiled snake. The figures are in extremely
high relief, but are not undercut, or cut in the round at all. Good,
spirited work; probably 3rd cent. b.c.
681. Diosonri relief!
Rosso antico. H. ^aS, B. •49. Introd. § 10.
Formerly in the house of N. Antonopoulos in Gytheion Street, under
which it was found. The Dioscuri are shown in profile facing one
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SCULPTURE 193
another on horseback : both they and their horses are in exactly sym-
metrical positions. Their inner hands rest on their horses' necks (holding
the reins ?), their outer hands hold spears : their legs on the other sides
of their horses do not appear. They have long hair, and each wears
a pileus: both are entirely nude. Rather flat relief, but the forms are
rounded. Ordinary work of the imperial period.
682. Bearded Hermes : Herm.
H. •ao.
Found with 680 and 228 a. Introd. § 15.
Upper part of head alone remains, and that is very badly damaged.
It was bearded : the hair is filleted and seems to have been arranged in a
triple row of tight curls on the forehead; behind the ears are the beginnings
of long grained locks that fell down over the shoulders. Eyes, cheeks,
and forehead, so £ur as can be seen, well rendered. In all probability a
replica of the Hermes of Alcamenes, cf. 67.
688. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
684. Lion's head: gntterspout.
L. 28, H. .35.
Formerly walled in in a house on the road to Gytheion. Ordinary late decoratiTe
work.
686. Lion's head : gutterspout.
L. -17, H. -lo.
Similar woric : mnch broken.
686. L. hand.
H. la.
Portions of thumb and three fingers resting on the top of a drcular object, which has
a profiled edge: In the back of it is a dowel hole.
687-687 b. i'^ Miscellaneous Antiquities.
688. Belief, votiTe to BiosonrL
Bluish marble. H. •44, B. •34. Introd. §§ 10, 11. Fig. 68.
Fomid at Rivi6tissa in vinejrard of Zavras. At the bottom is a piece left
rough to set in the ground ; from the centre of the
bottom edge a semicircular 'root' (now broken)
projected. From the ground strip rise two broad
parallel vertical beams on each of which is a snake
curling upwards. These are joined at the top by
a broad horizontal beam whose rounded ends
overhang, and are decorated with a hand-like floral
ornament: in its centre is a lotus bud. At half
their height the vertical beams are joined by a
narrow horizontal cross beam. From this spring
two parallel and equidistant narrow vertical beams ^ p|g. 6$.
joining the top horizontal beam either side of the
lotus. This construction represents the a^muo of the Dioscuri.
^ Mils Hazriion suggetti to me that the nearest pamllel to these ZSitaam, especially
the additional yerticarbeams (not present on the Verona relief, Introd. $ 10, &g. 14),
is to be found in the type of the Temple of Aphrodite at Paphos, shown on some
' Cypriote coins, where the development from two upright pillars is clear: v, B* M, Can
PI. 15, 16, 17, 35, p. ottvii seqq.
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194 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
689. Grave reliefl
Blue marble. H. -48, 6. -ad. Introd. § 21.
According to Georgiadet found outside the Muaenm. Brokeb in two, and lower
half missing. Decorated at top with gable and acroteria which are not cut out, cf. 664.
It shows a youth in three-quarter profile to L, clad in long chiton and himation o^er 1.
shoulder and round the lower limbs : r. hand is held out in front and dropped slightly,
1. holds the himation at the waist. All below the waist is lost The eyes are rendered
plastically. Veiy bad work of imperial period, not earlier than 3id oent. a. d. Each
side of the head is the inscription : —
nANKPA
TIA
Uaampar^
AZnAN
KPA
atUafKpa-
TIAANT
ONY
riia, rir t{I]-
ONHPWA
i^lifma.
The execution is careless and the letters are hard to decipher. Possibly if&it was
written, as often. For the formula c£ 251 and Collitz-Bechtel 4507.
690. Youthftd statne.
H. -70.
Head, r. forearm, 1. arm, and r. leg from knee broken off. L. leg was free leg :
wears chlamjrs fastened on r. shoulder with a fibula, it covers 1. shoulder and side, and
at r. side it is drawn forward to seat on the top of the tree-trunk support on that side :
r. arm rests on it : against the front of the support some uncertain object On to each
shoulder fall the ends of two long, wavy, silky locks. Soft, fat forms moderately well
rendered. Ordinary work of the early imperial period.
691. £>« Inscriptions.
692. Female head.
H. .12.
Much damaged, eroecially the face. Hair centre-parted, and waved back to
a chignon behind ; in front it is drawn up into a crobylos. Features of an expression-
less, ideal type. Moderate work not earlier than the ist cent B.c.
69&-696 a. See Miscsllansous Antiquities.
696. Grave relief.
H. 'la, B. -08. Amer./oum, Arch. 1893, p. 422,0.
Small fragment only. It shows the thighs and lower part of body of a female figure
clad in a long chiton and a himation over her 1. shoulder and round the lower limbs.
TheL hand holds the himation on the hip t r. free leg. Ordinary work of the imperial
period.
697. B. elbow.
L. '12 and 'Op.
From a statuette : elbow and adjoining parts of upper arm and forearm.
698-699. See Inscriptions.
600. Ohthonian deity enthroned : statuette.
Blue marble. H. -40. D-M. 3. Arch. ZeiL 1181, p. 297, pL 17. 3. 3a.
Fig. 69.
Found at Magula, where it was formerly in the house of Panagiotes
Thaniotes. The god is seated on a high-backed throne: his head is
broken off, and in the neck is a dowel hole. The arms rest rigidly on
the arms of the chair ; the legs and feet are held perfectly stiff side by side
(the base projects a little in front to accommodate them). The whole body
is wrapped in a long, clinging garment, with no rendering of any detail.
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SCULPTURE 195
The legs of the throne splay out a little at the bottom, and on either side
of the throne is a seated animal, a dog (?), which serves to support die low
arms. The back is merely roughly blocked out. The whole figure is
badly weathered. The body is very thick and the chest well developed :
Fig. 69.
in proportion the torso is too short : the shoulders are broad, and the
arms and legs well developed, but too thick. It is a good example of
archaic art, and must date from the 6th cent. Across the thighs of the
figure is an inscription for which see Inscriptions. Introd. § 14.
60L EroB riding a dolphin, with part of base.
H. .25.
From the lame house ai 600. Only head and body of dolphin, and legs and hips
of Eros remain. The dolphin's head is distinguishable, but much is worn. Probably
part of the decoration of a fountain ; or it mi^t have been an attribute on the base of
an Aphrodite statue. Ordinaiy woric of the imperial period.
602. Statuette base.
Pentelic (?) marble. L. -15, B. .08.
From the same house as 600 and 601. Half of base only : on it the L foot, and by
it the support of a ttatuette.
608. Base of Apollo (P) statuette.
Pentelic (?) marble. L. -22. D-M. 27.
Formerly in the house of Panagiotes Ritzinas at Magula. On It two feet wearing
sandals : uy the left foot an omphsdos covered with a fillet net, by the right a tree
trunk with a snake round it Perliapt the base of an Asdepius statuette.
604. Ghrave relief.
Bluish marble. H. '15, B. -23.
From the same house as 608. Broken above and below: only central portions
preserved. It shows a youth standing en face (neck to ankles) : he wears a cUamys
over 1. shoulder: L arm is uplifted, r. hand rests on the hip, and holds a torch (?)
leaning against his arm : the r. is Uie free \eg, By r. side is a circular altar. Fair
work : not earlier than and cent B.c.
606. &^ Inscriptions.
606. Seated male statuette.
Bluish marble. H. •22. D-M. 91.
Formerly over door of K. Georgopoulos at Magula. Headless and much
weathered. Seated on plain, high-backed throne with low arms. Nude but for himation
over L arm and Moulder and round the lower limbs. Feet rest on footstool : r. arm
on aim of throne, U on knee. Inferior work of imperial period.
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607. Base with support decorated with relief.
H. .a6. D-M, 179.
Formerly at Magula in the house of Mavrikiotes. Support probably of
1. foot ; just below breakage of support are claws of a lion's skin hanging
down. On the front of the support at the bottom a boy is shown seated
in profile to L : his head is upraised ; his r. arm held up ; his 1. arm serves
to support him, the hand resting on the ground ; r. leg is over 1. Behind
him in profile to r. is a doe resting beside him, her head is turned back
towards the boy. Probably Telephus and the doe : possibly also the sup-
port of a statue of Heracles. Imperial period. Sketchy work. Similar
base to a Heracles from Stadium at Athens is figured in Pacciaudi,
Mon, Pelopotmestay I, p. 135.
608. Oybele statuette.
H. .a8.
Formerly at Magula in the house of N. Stathopoulos. Head, r. arm
and shoulder broken ofif, also 1. forearm : badly weathered S^ted on
plain, high-backed, but armless throne. Clad in long chiton and himation
over 1. s]^oulder and round the lower limbs. Her feet rest on a footstool
Her L arm probably rested on her lap on the head of a small lion(?)
comhant to the right. Moderate work of early imperial period.
609. Fragment of a tree trunk with a left hand.
L. -23.
Thetreetmnkisendrcledwithavine: agmintt the side of it, datping it, is a L hand
(female f). Ordinary work.
610. Archaistio herm.
H. .38.
Fonnerly at Magula in the house of A. Grammatikakes. Broken off by holes for
arms, and at the top of the neck; and of this part the whole r. side is broken away
vertically. Remains of a long corling lock on the L shoulder, and of oblong mass <»
hair, rendered by fine, wavy strands, filling down the back. C£ 67 and 682.
611-612. •Sfif Inscriptions.
618. Votive relief (to Diosenri P).
Blue marble. H. -82, W. •49. Introd. § 10.
Found in the ruins of the house of Vrachnos, when it was destroyed.
Topped by plain gable. It shows two tall amphorae with smallish curved
handles, long bodies, and low, conical lids standing side by side. Seems
to be work of a good period. Cf. 7^ 291, 866| and 676.
614. Belief: Buovetaurilia P
H. -50, W. •52, D. -lo. D-M. 264. Conze-Michaelis, Arm, Inst. i86t,
p. 137-
Found in the same place as 618. Incomplete, and very badly defaced :
all the high relief has been purposely chiselled away. On r. is an ox
standing in profile to 1. Before the ox was something in high relief. In
front of the ox appears, also in profile to 1., a ram whose head and fore-
quarters alone are visible. Behind the ox stands a figure (?) facing to L
dad in a long chiton and himation ; 1. arm seems to have rested on die ox.
Facing these figures stands in profile to r. a horse (slab broken through
behind its fore legs) : on it appear traces of a rider, and above it in the
background a wing. It seems to have been a portion of an imperial
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SCULPTURE 197
triumphal frieze: this slab then showed the victorioas general crowned
by Nike, and the suovetaurilia K It probably dates from the ist cent. a.d.
Introd. § 19.
616. Funeral feast relief •
Pentelic (?) marble. H. -35, B. -22.
FormerlY walled op in the house of (T) (Philios left a blank for the name which
he never tailed in). Originally a rough semidrcnlar shape, now the r. hand half is
missing. It shows standing on the r. a boy en fact (head and feet in profile to 1.) :
his 1. aim hangs at his side with elbow bent ontwards : he is clad in a short diiton
girt at the waist. With his r. hand he takes by 1. aim a girl standing at his side enfacei
2ie wears a similar chiton : her r. arm is dropped at her side. Over their heads is a
snake leading to the r. Bad work : imperial period.
616. Draped female statue.
H. 1.70.
Found on the land of Kechagias, near the road from Sparta to Castanii.
Head missing, was set in. Ckd in long chiton, and himation over both
shoulders and round the body. L. free leg: r. hand holds himation
together on chest : 1. hand dropped at side holds some uncertain object
(flowers) : shoes on feet Fair work of early imperial period.
617-628. &« Inscriptions.
629. ICale toorao.
fme (Pentelic?) marble. H. •42. Introd § 16.
Head and arms broken off, and all below dbe waist missing. A long,
curly lock falls on each shoulder. The r. shoulder is dropped, and the 1.
raised : the head was inclined to its 1. Broad chest, well modelled. Good
work, after 4th cent original : imperial period.
629a-648. Sl^r Inscriptions.
649. Yoatbfiil male torso.
H. '33. D-M. 109.
Formerly in the hoose of Tsakonakes (orieinally the honae of N. Neoneles). Head,
arms, and legs broken off. L. free leg : 1. arm was raised : r. arm was dropped
at dde^ remuns of support on thigh. Fair work : strong forms, well modefied
with some exaggeration. Probably of the early imperial period, after 3rd cent.
originaL
660. Seated fbmale stataette.
Bluish marble. H. -iq.
From the same house as 648. Head and hands partly broken away. The figure
is seated in a stiff, symmetrical position on a plam, armless, high-backed throne.
She is clad in a long, sleeved cnitoo, and a himation wrapped tightly romid the
lower part of the body. The arms are laid on the edges of the seat : the feet and
legs are held close together. Inferior work of imperial period: after an archaic cult
typc(?).
66L Onve relief:
Blue-grey marble. H. -36, B. •32.
From the same house as 648 and 660. GaUe-topped stele with acroteria : in
centre of gable a rosette. It shows a you^ standing mface ; he is clad in a chiton,
and an ample himation over boA shoulders and wrapped closely about the body : his
r. hand holds the himation together on the chest, the 1. hanging at the ude holds a
roll : all below the thighs is missing as the relief is there broken across Horixontally.
By r. side appears the head of a snake. On his 1. appear three things, a staff leaning
against a tall yase (body in shape of a half oval) with a semicircular handle across
the top, and an uncertain grooved object. Ordinary work of the imperial period.
> Rouse {Gk, Vttive Offerings^ p. 35) calls it a hero relief.
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198 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
662. Saroophagns, Baoohio.
Fine (Pentelic?) marble. H. '50, B. -25.
Fonnerly in the house of Papagiannopoulos. Fragment only. Bockgronnd of vine
loaded with grapes. To 1. a satyr Q, hand, legs, and r. arm lost) in profile to 1. : his
head is tamed back downwards to his 1. : his r. arm held a pedum (visible) over
his head: on his I. shoulder traces of another figure. Behind him against the
background a r. hand holding a hollow stem : above this and to r. is a 1. arm (female)
supporting a wicker basket (Jiknan) filled with fruits. This liknon is against the
overhanging edge over which runs the vine background. Moderate work : and
cent. A.D.
658. Semioironlar relief:
Di. .57.
It was fonnerly in the house of S. Karagiannakes. In shape three-
quarters of a circle. In centre depression marked by a moulded rim :
in this inner circle to 1. in profile is a stag being pulled down by
a lion (?) which has jumped on its back from behind. In the
outer ring four animals : two wolves (?) on 1. side in profile to r., two stags
on r. in profile to L Much weathered ; good decorative work of imperial
period.
664. SemioiiKmlar relief: Gtorgoneion (Aoroterion).
Blue marble. DL .32. D-M. 18. Arch. ZeiL 1881, p. 282, pi. 17, i.
F-W. 56, Roscher, I, 17 16, III, 2394. Furtwangler, CoU. Sabauroff,
p. 57. Introd. § 14. Fig. 70.
Found to the north of the town : formerly in the house of Diamantopou-
los. Similar in shape to 668. Surrounded by a broadish moulded, round
Fig. 70.
Fig. 71.
border is a central depression : in this is the gorgoneion. Above a low
forehead the hair stands up in regular flame-like locks : the eyes project
from below raised brows: the nose is snub. Horns above forehead (?).
A mouth stretched open shows a tongue protruding between two rows of
projecting teeth : the chin is sharp. The shoulders are broad, and the
neck is thick : there seems some trace of drapery on the bust. From
behind each ear fall two thick, woolly locks so plaited as to resemble
strings of beads. Long, rounded projection behind to attach it : it seems
to have been used architecturally, and for an apotropaic purpose. Good
characteristic work of the late 6th or early 5th cent It is interesting
to contrast it with the gorgoneion on 668. The brown colouring is
modem.
666. Pilaster capital, decorated with relief.
H. -30, L. .54, D. .11. Height of volute .09. Schroder, Ath, MiiL
'904i P* 32, pl. 2. Introd. § 14. Fig. 71.
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SCULPTURE 199
From the church of Hagios Nikon at Slavochori. Broken away at the
top and on r. side. Also, as explained by Schr5der, the lower 1. corner is
worked to admit of a comer-piece being fastened on to complete the
pilaster in that comer : it was attached by a swallowtail clamp. In the
mider side is a square dowel hole. The relief field is bordered by a
narrow (inside) and a wide fillet, which at the upper L comer curl into
a simple volute. The narrow border outside the wide fillet is at the
bottom replaced by a beaded fillet, or astragalus. The bolster is thicker
towards the front: and this thicker part is separated from the rest of
the bolster, which is otherwise quite plain, by a scotia and an ai^lar
toms.
On the relief field is shown in high relief a male figure (Heracles)
mnning to r. in pursuit of a deer whose fore quarters are missing. He
wears a chlamys over tx>th shoulders : it is not fastened and both ends
hang down to front in the precise archaic fashion : the arms are held
upwards and outwards, and the whole body is inclined towards the deer.
This represents Heracles' pursuit of the Ceryneian hind. As regards
the scene itself, no similar representation of this labour of Heracles
is known either in archaic or later art. From the style of the relief
it would date from the early 5th cent. Schr5der places it in the 6th cent,
from the form of the volute to which the nearest analogies are found in
early Ionic architecture K On the other hand the actual shape of the
capital most resembles late pilaster capitals from Didyma, Pergamum,
Magnesia ad Maeandram, and Priene'. Schr5der attempts to show
a connexion between the style of this relief and early Ionic art ' : from
this he conjectures that this capital fomed the head of one of the
supports of the Amyclaean throne, since Slavochori is not far from
Hagia K3rriake (the site of the Amyclaeum), and it is known that
Bathycles, the artist, was a native of Magnesia ad Sipylum. Tlus
conjecture does not seem probable. The capital is a more developed
form of an early Ionic pilaster capital of which 703 is an example.
Similar capitals are at Palaek Episkope by Tegea, and in a Turkish
fountain at Mistrk (with a lotus and palmette ornament). The Maeander
valley group shows its fully developed form : an Italian version is found
in some Pompeian capiielli figurali\ This type is therefore not purely
' Ionic,' but was conunon to all Greek architecture. Possibly 89 a, 189,
140, 141, 299, 784, 746, 769 (16), show its latest development
666. Youthftil male torso : statuette.
H. .50.
Formerly in the house of B. Zerveas. Head, both forearms, and legs
from above knees broken off. R. arm hung dose to side, support on thigh ;
r. free leg : wears chlamjrs buttoned on r. shoulder, its tail fell forward over
the bent 1. elbow. Good, strong forms : anatomy well rendered : pubes
indicated. Good work of the early imperial period: possibly a copy
after an original of the 4th or 5th cent*
^ Ephesos, J[,ff,S. 1889, p. 9. Cyadcns, BrU, School Annual^ 1901-a, pi. 6.
sandria, Mytilene, Perrot, vol. ^i, pi. 5a, figs. 375, 376.
' fiotticber, Ttkionik^ pi. 37, 39. Wicgand-Schrader, Prime, figs. 101-103.
Kohte-Watzineer, Magnesia a. M.^ fig. 171
• Cf. Homolle, B. C,H, 1900, p. 437.
♦ Man, Pompeii^ fig. 354, p. 431.
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200 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
666 a. Male tono : statuette.
H. .12.
Formerly in the house of Leoponloi, where also ¥Pere 067-676. R. side of
chest with r. shoulder: chlamys knotted rowd neck. Ordinary work: imperial
period.
667. Male torso: atatnette.
H. 35.
Torso only. At back of neck remains of a fillet. On r. side of chest a snppoit.
Well-developed muscles on chest and stomach, and rather exaggerated. L. free leg.
Fair work after a 4th or 3rd cent originaL
668. Male torso : statuette.
H. .17.
Torso only : navel to neck. On the shoulders the ends of two curly locks each side.
Strong forms, well modelled, though rather fat. R. i^oulder slightly higher than L
Fair work of the early imperial period.
669. Baochie statuette : male.
H. -32.
Only left lees to ankles, and stomach of a young male iiguie. L. free leg : by 1. leg
a tree trunk with a vine twining round it, on top of it rests I. hand. The whole figure
is supported behind by a square pilaster. Common decorative work of imperial
period.
660. Draped female statuette.
Pentelic marble. H. .42. D-M. 125.
Formerly in the house of Leoponlos. Head, r. foot, and 1. aim broken off. Clad
in long, high-girt chiton with a himation over 1. shoulder and round the lower limbs.
R. free leg. The r. hand holds against the thigh a cylindrical object with a hole
bored in each end. Common work of imperial period.
661. Draped herm.
Pentelic (?) marble. K. •!$.
Head, r. arm and bottom of shaft broken off. The shaft gradually narrowed
towards the bottom. Clad in short chiton, and chlamys over both shoulders, fisstened
on r. shoulder. L. arm rests on the chest. Ordinary work of imperial period.
662. Draped female statuette.
H. .27.
Base, and feet and ankles only. R. foot broken off: clad in long chiton : wears
shoes. Ordinary work : imperial period.
668. Statuette base.
L. 'ii, D. •12.
L. hand end broken off. Towards 1. edge the two feet (the 1. the more advanced)
in such a position as to show that the figure leant on a support on its I. side.
664. Statuette base.
L. .12, D. .10.
Front edge profiled. Two feet, r. foot advanced : by r. foot base of square support;
by 1. foot broken base of uncertain objecL Cf. 608.
666. Dioscuri relief (P).
Blue marble. H. .17, B. .17. Introd. § 10.
Small fragment only, showing a horse's head in profile to r. : it is bridled.
Ordinary work of the imperial period : cf. 8, 9, 16 a, 202, 291, 819,
866, 490, and 68L
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666. Grave relief!
Blue-grey marble. H. .35, B. -35.
Broken in two horizontally^ and npper poition lost. It shows a draped male figure
standing enfaa, head missbg ; clad in long chiton, and himation over 1. shoulder and
round lower limbs ; 1. free \tg ; r. arm stretched out at side held some uncertain object,
1. arm holds himation together on the hip. Ordinary work of the imperial period.
067. Draped flomale statuette.
H. '20.
Fragment of torso only : clad in himation : veiy badly damaged, used in later times
as building-material.
668. BaU.
Bluish marble. DL -09.
Not a true sphere : grooved and ribbed ; at top contracts to form a neck : hole
bored through Tertically.
660-672. See Inscriptions.
678. Draped male Btatoa
H. 1.32.
Head, legs from middle of thighs, and 1. hand broken off. Clad in lone chiton, and
ample himation (toga) over both shoulders. R. hand rests across breast : 1. arm hangs
at side : r. free leg. Ordinary work of the imperial period.
674. DioBOuri relief (P).
Bluish marble. H. •48, B. -40.
Broken above, and below, and a little on r. side. Plain border on 1. :
it shows the upper part of the body of a tall amphora with high curved
handles. Cf. 618.
676. See Miscxllanzous Antiquitixs.
676. See Inscriptions.
677. Doric oapitaL
H. .33.
To fit a shaft •36 m diameter : abacus rather flat. Fonnd in front of the Musemn.
678-680. See Miscellaneous Antiquitos.
681. Female head: firagment.
L. -33.
L. eye, and hair over forehead only. Hair centre-parted, drawn back in wavy
strands : *on crown plaits heaped into a Imob. Inq)erial period.
682. Grave relief.
Bluish marble. H. ^po, B. -53, D. -28.
It shows a female figure standing en face \ she is clad in a long, high-mrt chiton,
and a Mmation over L shoulder and round the lower limbs. She luis long hair falling
down either side on to her shoulders. Her L hand hanging by her side holds some
fruits, her r. hand held out at the side makes an offering at a circular altar, round
wliich twines a snake. Bad work of imperial period.
688. Hero relief.
H. -63, L. .61. Introd. $§ 3, 16. Fig. 11.
Bordered by square pilasters at sides, supporting a plain, flat gable : this
border projects considerably. The relief is much damaged, and the
bottom part is missing. It shows a bearded hero, seated in three-quarter
profile to 1. The chair on which he is seated has a round back supported
by two vertical supports rising from the back of the seat He is clad in
an ample himation over his L shoulder and round the lower limbs. His
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SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
hair is filleted, and it and the beard are rendered by crisp, tight, curling
locks. The face unfortunately is badly damaged. The 1. arm rests on
the back of the chair ; the r. arm is stretched out in front, and holds a
cantharus. From behind the god's arm a snake rises and bends down its
head to 1. to drink at the cantharus. Good wo^ ; certainly belonging
to the 4th cent. b.c.
684. Cirotdar base : decorated with relief.
H. -62, Di. "32.
Found on the land of Matallas. Similar to 191 seqq., but unfluted.
However, on the front of the shaft there is shown in relief a winged
youth. He stands en face \ 1. is free leg and is placed in front of r. He
leans against a pillar on a high base on his 1. side : 1. arm hanging down
holds a wreath : his r. hand rests on his L shoulder, and his head is
turned towards that side. There is a chlamys hanging from the 1.
shoulder. Rough work and badly weathered, so that details are
not distinguishable : design good. Ordinary local work of imperial
period.
686. See Inscriptions.
686 a, b, o. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
686. Bight shoolder of statuette.
L. •22.
686 a. Right shoulder of statuette.
L. .17.
Slightly larger than 686.
687. Fragment of drapery.
L. .18.
Am.J&um, Arch,^ 1893, p. 423, f.
688. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
689. Votive relief to Apollo.
Blue marble. H. 1-76, B. .82, D. .20.
Tsountas, *E^. *Apx., 1892, p. 78. Schroder,
Aih, Mitt,, 1904, p. 24, fig. 2. Fig. 72.
From the Amyclaeum. Gable-topped stele.
The whole of the relief, including the
ornamentation of the gable, has been carefiilly
chipped away, very probably by Christians.
The gable carries acroteria, the central one
being ai high. The relief field is in two
bands.
A. Upper band. On 1. standing in profile
to r. is the archaic statue of the Amyclaean
Apollo, helmeted and holding spear and bow
as described by Pausanias ^ and as represented
on the Lacedaemonian coins ascribed to
Antigonus Doson (22 9-2 20 b. c.) *. Before the
god stands an altar, and on the r. is seen
a man drawing a bull towards the altar.
IIL 19. 1.
Imhoof Blnmer — Gardner, Num, Comm, Paus, N. xri.
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SCULPTURE 203
B. Lower band. Five female figures are discernible. The first (from
1.) is dancing : the second and third are probably dancers resting (not
spectators as suggested by Schroder). The fourth, as shown by the
plectrum in her r. hand, is a lyre player, also resting. The fifth is a flute
player.
Below the lower band is an inscription, for which see Inscriptions.
Work of the 3rd cent, if the inscription is dated correctly.
69<V-691« See Inscriptions.
692. Bight hand of statuette.
L. 'Og.
69S-706. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
706. Female statuette : nude.
Fine, soapy marble. H. ao.
Upper part of tono and 1. arm (Mdy. Dowel holes in stomps of neck and r. arm.
L. hand held against the shoulders a comncopia (?) : drapery also hangs over 1. elbow,
which seems to have been supported on a pillar. Ordinary work of imperial period.
707. See Inscriptions.
708. Sarcophagus.
L. 2-00, H. 'Sg. Short sides, L. -85.
Found at Kalogonik. The top of the 1. end is broken off, and so is
the 1. end of the top of the front The back is unworked : the ends have
rough hewn borders at top and bottom. The front has a rough profiled
border below, and the top is decorated with a garland of fruit and flowers.
At the four comers stand bearded Herms, himation held round the
shoulders by the r. hand, and in the 1. hand an aiyballos (?). On 1. end
is a winged sphinx standing to r. with 1. fore paw raised over an uncertain
object. On the front, first on L is a youth (A) seated on the ground
(back to the spectator) supporting himself on his r. arm, just floored in a
boxing match, and raising his 1. arm to keep off the victor (B), who with
r. foot on A's r. thigh, attacks vigorously (all above his waist is lost).
Behind them is seen an uncertain figure, a referee. Next is another
youth (C^ seated as A, and with his 1. arm keeping off the attack of his
victor (D), who, standing across his legs boxes at him actively. Then
stands a referee (£) to the L, watching this last contest and holding his
staff of office in his r. hand : he wears a himation about his shoulders.
Next is seen a youth (F) beaten to knees and fallen forward on the
ground to r. ; his victor (G) kneels on his back, and, holding him down
with his 1. hand, hits hard with his r. Lasdy stands en/ace a victor (H),
(himation over 1. shoulder and body) holding a palm branch in L hand.
On the r. end, first on 1. are two youths wrestling and just about to close;
the one on 1. has his 1. arm round the other's back, and is about to clasp
him in front with the r. arm ; the other has his r. arm round his opponent,
and his L at the side. Finally is a youth as a hoplitodromos running in
profile to L Rough work; coarse execution: not earlier than 2nd
cent A.D. Cf. Gall, Gtusfinidm, ii. 124.
709. Draped female statue.
H. 1.55.
Formerly in the house of Vamvakidea. Head (which was set on, dowel hole in
neck), 1. arm, and r. hand are missing, also the £Mt» which apparently were set on. Iron
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SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
dowel in base. Clad in looff chiton, and himation over both shonldera : r. free leg :
r. arm laid acrott waiat Flat wotk, diapefy badly rendered. Common work of
imperial period.
710. AflolepiuB.
H. .65. Introd. § 16. Fig. 73.
Formerly in the house of Vanilakes, which is near the Europa mosaic,
and possibly was part of the decoration of the baths (?) on that site.
Head, r. arm, 1. hand, and legs from above knees wanting: dowel holes
in stumps of neck and arms. L. arm dropped, r. raised ; clad in himation
over 1. arm and shoulder and round the legs : 1. free leg. Good work,
forms of body strong, but somewhat fet : drapery well rendered. A good
copy of the early imperial period after 4th cent original.
TIL B. elbow.
L. •14.
Elbow and part of forearm ; formerly in the gymnasium.
71d-71d. See Inscriptions.
714. See Miscellaneous Antiquities.
Fig. 73.
Fig. 74.
716. Friese firagment.
Bluish marble. H. -38, B. .30. Amer./aum, Arch. 1893, p. 423, h.
It shows a tall two-handled cup between an acanthus stalk on its L and a small
lion's head on its r. Cf. 86, 87, and 88. Common, decoratire work of imperial
period. Similar fragment walled np in 39 Otho Street. It also resembles the small
metopes of the altar entablature boilt into the old Metropolis at Athens.
716. Slab of friese.
H. .75, B. .90.
In centre at top a bncraniom (Roman type, a skull), from either side hangs down
a garland of fruit and flowers. The pattern must have been continued on other slabs
at the sides and bottouL Ordinary work : imperial period.
717. Amason Mese, with triglyph.
Bluish marble. H. .50, L. 1.33. D-M. 240. Fig. 74.
Formerly over the door of the house of Kopsomanikos. Two metopes
each .50 long, between them a triglyph .33 wide. In L metope is seen
a nude warrior advancing with r. leg (drapery over L shoulder and arm) ;
his r. arm raised to strike the Amazon faJlen before him. She is beaten
to her knee (kneeling on r. knee, 1. leg stretched out in front) ; leans back
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SCULPTURE 205
supporting herself on her r. arm, holding up her L to protect herself.
She wears a long-sleeved chiton, a himation rolled round die waist trunk,
hose, boots, and a Phrygian cap with a long tail hanging down the back ;
her 1. breast is bare ; on her 1. side she wears a quiver. The r. metope
shows two Amazons similarly clad. One on 1. is en /ace, and running to L :
her 1. arm is raised in front of her, and her r. stretched out behind. The
other (with a cloak &8tened on her shoulders behind) is in three-quarter
profile to 1., has the r. leg advanced, and holds up both hands in front
of her, palm upwards. This scene is inexplicable. All four heads have
been broken off. Good design : inferior work : not earlier than the ist
cent. B.C. The scene on the 1. metope is derived from the type shown
by two slabs of the Mausoleum, 1006 and 1014.
718-721. See iNSCRnmoNS.
722. Yoathfol male torso.
H. .34.
Stomach and hips only : nayd ellipioid : L free leg : fiit forins, bat not bad work.
Imperial period.
728. Yoatlifta male torso.
H. .18.
Fonnd in the foondations of the new priaon. Stomach and hips only : 1. free leg (t) :
nayel drcnlar : lemains of rapport on I. flank. Fair work of impexial period.
724. Female torsQ.
H. -33-
Fonnd with 728. Upper part only, all below waist wanting: badly defaced : along
corling lock faUs on each shonlder. Inferior work of imperial period.
726. Belief: Aphrodite.
H. .24, B. .21.
Found at Magnla. The goddess stands en face, and semi-nude : her head and feet
are broken off. The 1. leg is free ; the r. hand rests on the hip ; she leans on her
1. elbow on a pillar by that side : she wears a himation round her hips and legs.
In the top r.-hand comer are the thighs and torso of a flying Eros. Inferior work
of imperial period.
726. Youthful male torso.
H. .26.
Neck to navel only : a long curling lock on each shoulder : r. aim was close to side,
L extended. Soft fonns, but rendering hard. Imperial period. It was found on the
land of M. Llmberopoulos at Karavas.
727. Sleeping satyr : fountain flgro^e.
H. •24, L. 'Ss, B. '28. Introd. § 22.
Found near the Eurotas, close to Aphisii. R. leg and foreann broken
off. He lies, with a nebris over his L shoulder, on his 1. side. The r.
hand held a syrinx on the ground m front of him. His head rests on his
1. arm which lies on an askos : there is a hole in the front of the askos
from which the water flowed, the part of the base under the askos is
hollowed out He has pointed ears, thick, woolly hair, fat features, and
a swollen stomach. A favourite modve for a fountain, a drunken satyr
fallen asleep on his wine skin, and, by the weight of his head, forcing the
wine to escape. Imperial period.
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2o6 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
728. ColOBsal head of BionyBUB.
H. -42. Perhaps D-M. 53. Expid, de Mority ii. pi. 42. v. p. 81.
Hair centre-parted, and drawn back in regular waves : top and back
of head not worked : from behind r. ear a lock fell forward. Round the
head a wreath of ivy. High, open, noble features, bat almost totally
defaced : deep-set eyes, and fat cheeks. A fair copy of the impend
period of a 3rd cent type. It was found at Mistrk. Two dowel holes
(modem) on top of hc^.
729. DionyBns and satyr.
H. .57.
It shows Dionysus standing nude : L free leg : he has long hair which
falls on to his shoulders : his r. hand rests on his head : he leans to the L,
and his 1. arm is placed round the shoulders of a satjrr by his side. The
satyr's r. arm is round Dionysus' body ; his r. arm held a pedum ; he is
advancing to his 1. with the 1. leg. Both heads are badly damaged. The
group is in high relief against a small square pillar, with projecting square
plinths at top and bottom. It has a square hollow at the top, and is
architectural : ordinary work of imperial period. For the type see 808.
780. Portrait head.
H. .35.
Found at KladiL Yoimg ; short, crisp, curling beud and moustache ; hair long in
coane strands : made to set in a statue : eyes plutically rendered. Ordinary work of
2nd cent A. D.
781 a. Friese block.
L. 1.88, H. .20.
From the church of Prophetes Elias at Slavochori. Decorated with
lotus bud pattern. This, 782 and 788 are from the Amyclaeum.
781 b. Similar fragment from same friese, with same ornament.
L. .50, H. -20.
From Hagia Kyriake. Fragments similar to the above two exist in
the Museum at Misti^, and at the church of Hagios Georgios at Gunari.
782 a, b, o. Three fragments of a friese.
Bluish marble. Length respectively, -59, -56, •so, H. -20.
From Hagia Kyriake. Decorated with a pattern of a lotus bud and
an anthemion alternately.
788. Arohiteotnral fragment : oomioeslab.
H. '25, L. i«o6, D. •72.
From Hagia Kyriake. Five fragments. Plain mutules: three over-
hanging members, the upper having a horizontal line along its centre.
784. Pilaster capitaL
H. -43, L. .55, D. -23.
Wider at top than bottom ; decorated with an acanthns plant whose leaves and
stalks at each side enclose a ctrcnlar depression with a moulded rim in which is
a small rosette : cf. 89 a.
786. Decorated support.
Bluish marble. H. -50, L. -47, D. •28.
Profiled edge at top : at each comer a lion's foot with curved leg decorated with an
acanthus leaf above : between them an anthemion over an acanthus leaf.
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SCULPTURE
207
786. Bysantine oapitaL
Bluish marble. H. 23, Di. •22.
A sanare profiled plinth on top. The abacas is ornamented with a row of lancet-
shaped leaves above a row of acanthus leaves. The centre of one side (the back) is
left roug^ Good work. Similar capitals at Mistrit in the Metropolis and in the
Mnsenm.
737. Arohaio capital : lonio type.
Bluish marble. H. •23. Fig. 75.
Oblong shape to fit a shaft .18 by ad. On front and back a pomegranate flower
between two acanthus volutes ; above is a leaf onament At the sides the bolsters
are ornamented with four pointed leaves hanging downwards : cf. 781-733.
788. Friese.
Total length, .28, H. .11.
Three fragments, with a simple anthemion ornament.
788 a. Arohiteotiiral(P) firagment: Bysantiiie.
H. .10, L. -lo.
Comer of a square slab ; on it is a circle with a profiled rim within which is a leaf
pattern.
Fig. 75.
Fig. 76.
789. Bysantine relief.
H. -36, L. '32. Introd. § 24.
Fragment ; top r. corner. Within a profiled border a peacock erect
standing on a vine. Good, characteristic work. Somewhat similar relief
in Museum at Mistr^ Fig. 76.
740. Volute of Ionic oapitaL
Di. .16.
740 a. Belief firom BaroophagoB or altar : two firagments.
Total height, .54. Total length, .38.
Bacraninm (Greek type) with olive garland hanging from it : imperial period.
740 b. Similar firagment
L* •25} H. •36.
Froit and flower garland ; bacraninm not visible : imperial period* •
7400. Similar fingment.
L. .34, H. .22.
Bncranium (Greek type) with piece oi wreath : imperial period.
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2o8 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
740 d. Tree trunk : fragment.
H. -20.
Bottom part of a support for a statue.
741. Door maalding(P).
Bluish marble. H. -so.
Plain profiled edge.
742. Ghrave relief.
Blue marble. H. -30, B. ^ao.
Upper 1. comer, and r. npper and lower comers broken off. It shows a male figure
stanomg en face in chiton and himation as 564, the r. being the fiiee leg : the head has
been purposely chiselled out Imperial period.
748. Bysantine capital.
Bluish marble. H. .18, L. -61, W. .48.
Ends of long sides decorated with slightly hollowed semi-ellipses. One short side
is omamented with seven leaves with blunt round points, the other with three broad
sharp-pointed leaves.
743 a. Fragment of similar capitaL
Bluish marble. H. -aa, L. •4a, W. *^2.
Lonf sides as 748 : the one short side left has three narrow and two broad, sharp-
pointed leaves with arrow heads between.
744. Grave relief: figment.
Bluish marble. H. .15, B. ^s.
Top only of a naiskos-shaped stde, a gable with acroteria tapported by pl^in antae
(•05 deep>
746. Architeotnral fragment : Bysantine.
Bluish marble. H. .57, L. -57.
Comer of a flat slab with edges cut obliquely : on one side the outline is curved.
746. Bysantine pilaster capital.
H. '19, L. .31, B. .34.
Square plinth above : plain abacus rounded, to fit a shaft in the shape of a half
ellipse.
747. ArchitraTe (P) block.
L. -50, H. -ao.
Three overlapping members : then above a beaded fillet a leaf ornament.
748. Pilaster oapitaL
H. .37, B. .44.
Similar to 784 : cf. 89 a.
749. BawL
H. -16, Di. .33.
No bottom : four small plain handles on rim.
760. Door moulding (P).
H. -36.
Cf. 74L
761. Arohiteotoral fragment.
Sandstone. H. -lo—is, L. .50, D. .37.
From a cornice (?).
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SCULPTURE a09
762. Doono capital.
L. '40.
Fngment.
762 a. Doric capital.
L. >4a.
Fragment
768. Ionic capitaL
L. 57, H. aa.
To fit a shaft •55 in diameter. In two pieces, and half miaring. Orolo projects and
is flat : is ornamented with three eggs and an acanthus leaf at each end : tliree bands
roond bolster in centre. Imperial period.
764. Door jamb.
Rosso antico. L. -40, B. ^ao.
Romided edge. Byzantine work (T).
766. Circular base.
H. '62, Di. •ai.
Similar to 101, bnt nnflnted: very common work of imperial period. In two
firagments.
766. Arohiteotnral firagment.
Bluish marble. H. aS, L. ^as.
Oreihanging moulded edge.
767. Drapery firagment.
Bluish marble. L. ^aa.
Anur^Jourm Arch, 1893, p. 43a, d.
768. Hydria.
Sandstone. H. •41, DL •44.
Neck and top of body only : carved handles ending in two plain spirals in relief.
769. Bock containing following fragments (ordinarj marble where
not otherwise stated).
I. Piece of green granite. L. ^ay, B. ^xp.
1. Two diamond-shaped floor tiles: limestone. L. '93, B. -13.
$. Acanthus leaf, and Tolnte in relief: medium marble. L. •ai, B. 'la. From
a Corinthian capital (?).
4. Ege and acanthus leaf from ovolo of Ionic capital similar to 758. L. •! 7.
5. Anthemion antefiz. H. .18. Cf. 168.
0. Bhiish marble shaft Di. .09, IL .11.
7. Piece of a flat slab. "L, ^iq.
8. Sword sheath of colossal sUtne (f). L. .a8, K ai.
9. Profiled comer of flat slab. L. ^as, R .1 1.
10. Flat slab with cnrling acanthus sbilks. L. •ao, B. •16.
11. Fragment of lion's 1^ support (?^ : acanthns leaves round top. L. -as.
I a. Fragment of bolster of Ionic capital. L. •19.
13. Rim of bowl : egg and dart pattern. L. -ii.
14. Nine triangnkr floor tiks. L. -17.
15 a, b, c, d. Four architectnial fragments: pUdn mouldings : length, -17, •i6« •ao, .a a.
16. Pilaster capital: anthemion between two cnrling stallu. H..aa,L.*34. C£89a.
17. Two whetstones (1) ; black stone. L. .aa, .as, B. -13, .i(>. One side flat^ the
other romided.
i8. Byzantine capital : bluish marble. L. •17 : fragment
8.C.
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2IO SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
760. Box ocmtaming following fragments (ordinary marble where
not otherwise stated).
X. Half acanthus bad similar to 161. L. as.
a. Lower jaw of lion from gottenpont L -lo.
$. Fragmait of flat ikb. L. -la
4. Piece of moulding. L -is*
5. Similar piece. L •la.
0. Similar piece. L. •is.
7. Similar piece. L *og,
8. Similar piece. L ^ii.
9. Similar piece : rosso antico. L. •135.
la Similar piece : rosso antico. L. -i 15.
II. Fragment of Doric capitaL L *aa.
I a. Acanthus stalk from (Jorinthian capitaL L ai.
13. Comer of plinth of Byzantine capital (Corinthian type). L. ^la.
I4« Piece of round moulding. L. •105.
15. Piece of leaf ornament. L. •085.
16. Piece of tree trunk. L -09.
17. Leaf ornament from an anta capital. L •ij.
18. Shapeless frmgmeut showing piece of circle. L .i a.
19. Frieze fragment : beaded fillet and scroll. L .11.
ao. Piece of support. L. •09.
ai. Tree trunk. L •a6.
a a. Ionic capiul ; half. H. as, L -pa, Di. H). Very flat; imperial period.
a^. Relief (t) fragment L ^aa Indistinguishable : rough work.
34. Plain anU capital : half. H. .I7» L .30.
as. Corinthian capital. Fragment: three acanthus leaves. L. '34.
aS. Fragment of Byzantine floral relief. L .18.
37. Frieze fragment : rosso antico : anthemion. L. '09.
38. Elbow of statuette (I). L. ^7.
39. Acanthus leaf. L. •07.
50. Drapery (1) fragment L. ^la.
31. Comer of flat Jab. L •14.
3a. Piece of tile. ^la square.
33. Top of Byzantine colunm. H. •is, DL •095.
34. Fragment with garland (t) in relief. L •34.
35. Relief fragment with acanthus leaf. L. ^ao.
30. Fragment of relief with quiver (t). L ok.
37. Neck, and hair at back of head of small bust. H. . 1 7. Face was set on.
761. Fragment of ourred orohiteotaral member.
Bluish marble. L. •gi, H. •16, D. '2^,
761 a. Comer of slab.
L. .33, B. .15.
Byzantine work.
762. Doric oapitaL
Limestone. H. '28.
To fit a shaft •365 in diameter : flat and short abacus.
763. Pilaster capital.
H. .30, L..77. Fig. 77.
* Small volutes at comers, otherwise plain
moulding : good work: 6th cent ; v, 666.
764. Handle of BcfwL
Rosso antico. L. -lo.
'^'S* 77> Beaded rim : Silenus face on handle : fair work.
766. Fragment of saroophagUB lid.
H. -23, L. -70, B. .56. Introd. p. 130.
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SCULPTURE 211
Cf. 61 b. Edge and figure on top purposely chiselled away. This shows 1. end of
the front of the conch. The front of the conch was divided into small oblong fields for
relief ornamentation : two of these remain, that on L ^ows a dog seizing a haie, the
other a lion bringing down a stag. Ordinary woric of imperial poiod.
766. Comer of sarcophagus lid.
H. -45, L. .60, W. '40. Introd. p. 130.
R. front comer. Rounded cornice ; above that continnons scroll pattern all round.
At the comer a nude boy (?) standing in the centre of an anthemion which spreads
round on to each side. Imperial periikl.
767. Cornice block with gatter.
Bluish marble. H. -40, L. •60, D. '$5.
Plain cornice overhangine plain consoles: aboTe is a gutter decorated with an
acanthus scroll and a lion's head waterspout. Ordinary won.
768. Cornice block.
Bluish marble. H. •26^ L. '76, D. -23.
Plain mutnles : edge composed of three OTcrhangbg members with a leaf ornament
above.
769. Throne (former number 409 q.v.).
Bluish marble. H. .58, B. .38, D. .38.
Top of back broken off : very low arms grooved above : it splays out at the bottom
in front, showing a cushion (f) plastically represented. Only one piece.
770. Bysantine relief.
H. I •00, B. -70. Introd. § 24.
L. side broken off. Plain flat border all round. In the centre a cross
with broadening ends surrounded by an ivy leaf in each comer : their
stalks entwine at the sides. Good work.
771-771 a. 5^^ 61b.
772. Bysantine ooliunn.
H. .65, Di. .18.
Decorated with flutes that curl round it obliquely.
772 a. Bdge of oomioe (P).
Bluish marble. L. .40, B. '^$.
778. Gomioe block, with gnttae.
Slab of bluish marble. L. »^o^ B. '^o, H. -lo.
One side rough hewn : on under(f)-side remains of gnttae : a narrow vertical band
with two flat guttae one at the top and one in the centre ; abo?e is a broad horizontal
band which shows eight similar guttae arranged close together in two rows.
774. Cornice fragment (P).
Bluish marble. H. •20, L. -65, B. •56.
A comer : rough work.
776. Fragment of relief (P) arohiteotoral (P).
Bluish marble. H. '20.
On one side three curving lines : the rest is rough.
776-776 a. Two anta oapitala.
H. •28, L. -51, D. -20, and •14.
Ordinary plain mouldings.
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212 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
776 b. Lion's foot.
Dowd hole in bottom: broken tbove.
776 c« Ardhiteotnrttl firagment.
a 13.
Complete only onlop tad L: on L pioBIed boffdcr ; on c half a looette and an
777-787. See Imscrxptions.
788-794. ^Sflf MisciLLANious ANTiQurms.
796. Box oontaining thirteen small 1
From the Amjckenm. One it a piece of BTxantine ocnament; another a piece o£
a bowl ; another an archhectmal fragment ihowinF a flame and tongoe pattem ;
another a pieoe of a ronnd table (f) ; and the leit onmftdligible pieoei S dtipay or
the like.
796-804. See Miscillambous Antiquiths.
806. See Inscriptions.
806. Hygieia, statuette with 1
H. •41, Base*i3X-09.
L. leg free : dad in diiton and himation. Orer L ihoalder a lerpcnt coils down-
wuds. Weaxsihoei. Hcadwhidi watteton tepamtely iskit; foceaims(inetnmpe
iron dowels) end lumde broken o£ Foond at Magnla by the houe of M. Fqnchogaios,
the donor. Imperial period^ iit-and cent a.d.
807. Male head.
H. OS-
Bearded : hair waved and coded on edge of forehead and chedct. Coame, doetdij
woik : pomihly a Zens. Ordinaiy woric of imperid period.
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INDEX
Tha Numbers given are those of the Museum.
Aeuithiu, 36, 37, 38, 39 a.
Bnd, 151, 15a, 165, 7<5o (i).
Leirf, 760 (39).
AlftbMtron. 334.
AlTftTidra^ 441.
Alter; Circular, 346.
Square, 49 a, 49 b.
Amaaon; Frieze, 717.
Sarcophagus, 35, 67, 379, 477-48i, 49^1
499-
> 689, 731, 73a, 733, 795.
Animal, 470.
Antaflx, 157, 168, 769 (5).
Antinoiiaf, 54.
Ape, 433.
Aphrodite, 10a, n6, 13* 1, 457, 567 ;
and ErcM, 100, 414, 420.
Pandemot on a relidf, 17.
Relief, 785.
ApoUo, 6, 103, 382, 5781, 6031
and Artemi% 408.
Votive relief to, 689.
ApoUonins, 363.
Arohaio ; Group, 364.
Hero ReUef, 3, 4, 316, 4H> 43h 45i,
505.
Rehef, 27, 450, 575, 65^ 655.
Sculpture, a, 325, 576, oca
Stele, I.
Arohaiatlo Arl» 56, 571, 403, 58a f, 610.
Arohiteotnra :
ADtefiz, 167, >W, 759 (6).
Architrave, 747.
Capitab; Bynntlne, 39 b^ 156, i6a, 170,
I7«» 4»3» 4?»» 73^ 743» 743 a. 759
(18), 760(131. Byzanttne Pilaster, 167,
740. Corinthian, 163. 166, 177, 178,
>79^ 759 (3% 760 (12), 76) (25^.
Doric, 172, 173, 677, 75a. 76a a, 760
(11), 76a. Ionic, 147, 158, 169, »^.
180, 181, 740, 763, 759 (4), 769 (la),
760 (22). Pilaster, 39a, 139. 140, 141,
»99. 734t 748, 759 (>6)» 7^- "hater
decoiated with relief, 655.
CeiUns, 186, 187.
Colunw; Base, Byzantine, 144 f, 165,
185. Baae,Ionic, 174, 174«, 17^ »75«»
1 8a, 183, 184. Byzantme, 760 (33),
77a-
Cornice, 74, 75, 77. 78, 559. 733, 7^7.
768, 77a •. 773*^74; ,^.
Door ; Jamb, 754; Moulding, 744, 750;
Step, Byzantine f a8a.
Arohltootiire (comHnuid) :
Floor tile, 195, 196, 759 (a). 759 (14),
760 (32),
Fragments, 7fi, 756, 759 (15), 776 c,
795 ; Byzantme. 738 a, 745, 795.
Gaigoyie, Prankish, 327.
GutterfMT, 7^ 75 77 78, 346, 354, 425,
584,585,7&(2V767.
Member, cnrredf 761*
Moulding, 760 (4-10), 760 (14).
RcUef, 483, 776.
Roof tile, 157.
Support, Sa^, 9a
Arm; Fragment, 597, 7ii| 760(28).
Artemis, 11 a, 131, 3a6;
and Apollo, 468.
Artist Inaoriptioii, 363.
Anolapias, 58 a, 58 b, 710 ;
and Hygieia, votive relief to, 580.
Ath«D%3A4.
Baoohante, 109?.
Bnoohio ; Herm, 47.
Rdief, a9.
Sareophagus, 3a
Statuette, 659.
Tono, 105.
BaU, 153, a98, 668.
Barbarian, Scythian, 79, 83.
, 93, "7, 14?, 304, 3»3, 397 ^ 4^0,
494, 6oa, 603, 663, 664.
Bomonikes, of statue o(, 35 a.
Byzantine, 165, 185.
CircnUr, 188, 189, 190, 191, 19a, 193,
194, 684, 766*
Ionic,i74,i74a,i75,»75a.«8a.«83,i84-
Octagonal column, 144.
Statue, with relief, aS^.
Basin, 311.
Bird, a96.
Bottle-shapod dbjoot, 150, 154.
Bowl. 749, 769 (13), 764-
Boy, a9a, 309.
Head,444.
Bust; Female, 135.
Fragment, 760 (37).
Male, 134, 497.
Byaaatlne ; Ardiitecture, nagments,
738 »,^745, 795.
Art, a96.
CapiUl, 39 b, 156, 16a, 170^ 171, 41a,
49«, 736, 743i 743 ». 759 (»8), 700
03).
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Bymawtine {cotUi$mid) :
Column, 760 (33), 77a.
Column boie, 165, 185.
Doorstep, aSa.
OcUgonal colnnm base, 144.
Pilatter capital, 167, 746.
RcKcf, a97, 739, 760 {^, 770.
Oftpital; Anta, 760 (a4), 776, 776 a.
Byzantine, 39 b, 156, i6a, 170, 171, 736,
737, 743, 743 », 759 (18), 7^ (13).
BTzantme pllaater, 167, 746.
Corinthian, 163, 166, 177, 178, 759 (3),
760 (I a). 760 (a5).
Conntnian anta, 179.
Doric, 17a, 173, 677, 75a, 75a a, 760
(11), 76a.
Ionic, 147, ik8, 159, i6o» 180, 181, 740,
753, 759 (4), 759 ("). 7^0 (aa).
Pilaster. 39 a, 139, 140, 141, a99, 655,
734, 748, 759 (i«), 763.
Oafyatid, Sa^, 7a.
OeiUnc, 186. 187.
Oentury. B.C. Sixth, i, a, 3, a;, 316, 3a5,
364,4*5, 450^45I^575, 57^,^00, <^54^
763.
Fifth, 4, 5, 57, 58 b, oa, 94, 319, 355,
431, 440, 447, 513, 58a, 588, 655.
Fonith, 55, 58 a, 59, 61, 68, 89, 100, loi,
"4, 3a6, 338, 344, 449, 505, 6a9i ^5^ h
«57», 683, 710.
Third, 5a, 79, 83, 301, 35a. 445, 168,
478,481,^87,^96,5341, 558?, 665 »,
571, 580, 649, 689, 7a8.
Second, 8, a8, 99, 106, 13a, aoi, aoa, ao3,
^57 + a94» 379, ^86, 341, 356, 357, 365,
414, 449, ^4-
Fust, 7, ro, 19, 31, 44, 107, a89, a90,
30a, 350, 351, 4«i, 44»i 445, 455 »,
467, 490, 57a, 59a.
Oentury, A.D. First, 6, 11, 3a, 33, 53, 60,
64, 85, 86, 104, 115, 116, ia6, 307. 443,
514, <^u.
Second, 9, 15 b, 36, 37, 38, 54?, 6a, 65,
^, 307, 3aa + 3^3, 337, 338, 343, 44a a,
44a b, 569, 557, 574, 65a, 708, 730.
Third, 51 b, 63, 70, 308, 498, 589.
Chest ; Marble, 137, 138.
Ohristiaa Boolpture, 308.
Ohthoniaa Deit7> 600.
Olab, of Herades, 531.
Orator, 460.
Ooiraaa Fringe, 485.
Oybele, 30a, 349, 351, 4a4, 45a, 608.
Damonon, 440.
Dancing Girl, ia4, T3a.
Maenad, 4ao t, 4ai.
Dionynui, 56, 68, 350, 487, 539, 7^8;
and Satyr, 303, 416, 739.
Dioaonri, Relief, 7, 8, 9, 10, ti, 14 b,
15 a, a7 1, aoi, aoa, ao3, aoi, 310, 356,
447, 467, 49<^ 5", 575, 58i> 588, 613,
665, 674.
Statues, 9a, 118, a85, 513.
DioaooroB Head, 64!.
Dolphin, 491.
Dooretepv Byzantine t, a8a.
Drapery, Fngments, 363, 687, 757, 760
(30).
Bagle and Bnake, 313.
Xroa, 3a;
and Aphrodite, 100, 414, 4a6.
On Dolphin, 601.
On Sarcophagns, 48.
Sleeping, ao, ai, 71, 31a, 444?.
Torso, 94.
nah,404.
Toot ; left, male, 84.
Tortona, 494.
Tonnfeain; ngnres, aa, 99, 7a7.
Octagonal 143.
Vragment, shapeless, 760 (18).
TranUah Soolptore, 3a7.
»»i«». 3<^, 37, 38, 40» U^» "49, 388,
715, 716, 731 », 731 b, 73a, 738, 760
(19), 760 (a7).
With metopes and triglyph, 717.
OanTmede, 89.
Gargoyle, IPrankiah, 337.
Gigantomachy, Sarcophagns, 34 T.
Girl, holding flower, Arohalo relief^
450.
Goddess, enthroned, a, 97.
Good Shepherd, 308.
Gorgoneion, 563, 654.
Granite, green, 759 (i).
Grare ; Monument, 50.
ReUe&, 16 a, 19, a3, 34, as, a6, a8, 4a,
43. 357+394,300+537,338,393,^,
495, 558, 5<>4, 565, 589, 596, 604, 651,
^, 74a, 744.
Stele, 449.
Gutterapout, 74, 75, 77, 78, 345, 435,
584, 585, 760 (a), 767.
Hand; left, 80, 8a, 358, 458, 474, 488,
586, 609.
Rigl>t, 336, 399, 484, 577 a, 69a.
Right, Female, 81.
Hands on relief 398.
Hare, 566.
Head, Apollo t, 35a.
Child's, 340.
Colossal, Female, 571 ; Male, 536.
Female, on relief^ 09.
Ideal, Female, 55, 61, 6a, 338, 35a?,437t,
445, 480, 59a.
Male, hehneted, 64!, 341, 478, bearded,
807.
Portrait, Female, 66, 339, 3^iT,4^, 479',
681?; Male, 63, 54 1, 60, 63, 65, 70,
^34*3^5^730.
Warrior, 481.
Youthful, 48a.
Heoate, 46.
<Helen'ReUef, 318, 36a.
Digiti
ized by Google
INDEX
215
HenioleB, $2, 107, 115, 310, 433, 438!,
534^;
and Ceryndan hind, 655.
Herm, a86, 44a a, 44a b.
Labonn, sarcophaens, 541.
VotiTC relief, to, 5O1.
Henn, Archaistic, 403^ 6xa
Bacchic, 47, 403.
Hecate, 46.
Heiacles, 386, 44a a, 44a b.
Hennes, 57, 58a.
Male, headless, 343, 387, 544, OOI.
YonthAd, 3IA.
HermM, of Alcamenes, 57, 58a.
Hone's head, 476.
Hydria, 33a, 455 b, 758.
Hyffieia, 389, 393, 331, 471, 806;
and Asdeplns, motive relief to, 58a
ImpezlAl period, 6, 9, 11, 15 b, 17,
18, 19, ao, 11, 33, 34, 35, 36, 30,
3*> 3h 33. 34» 35» 3^. 37» 38. 39 »» 40»
4». 4^ 43, 44, 47, 48, 49». 49^, 5©,
51 a, 5» ^, §3, 54, 65, 57, 58 *, 58 b,
63, 63, 64, 65, 66j 67, 68, 70, 71, 73,
73, 80, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 91, 93, 95,
96, 97, 98, 99, loi, 104, 105, no. III,
113, III 115, 116, 117, 118, 133, 134,
las, 136, 130, 131, 133, 134, 135, 136,
139, 140, 14a, H3, «44^ 149, 158, 159,
160, 163, 164, 174, 174a, 176, i75»,
176, 177, 179, 180, 183, 183, 184, 188,
189, 190, 191, 193, 193, 194, 383, 385,
387, 393, 300 + 537, 306, 307, 309, 310,
311, 313, 313, 314, 3*«, 333 + 333, 338,
339, 330, 337, 338, 339, 340, 343, 344.
34^, 349, 365, 39a, 399. 403, 416, 4^3,
430, 434, 437, 44a a, 443 b, 443, 45a,
455 b, 457. 469, 471, 47^, 477, 479,
480, 48a, 483, 484, 485, 488, 493,494,
495, 4^, 498, 499, 504, 5", 5", 513,
514, 515, 519* 530, 538, 540, 541, 554,
555, 556. 557, 563, 564, 567, 574, 577,
579, 581, §89, 590, 596, 601, 606, 607,
608, 614, 61K, 616, 6^9, 650, 651, 653,
653, 656, 6r6 a, 658, 659, 660, 661, 663,
665, 666, 673, 681, 683, 684, 706, 708,
709, 710, 715, 716, 733, 733, 734, 735,
736, 737, 738, 739,^730,^740 a, 740b,
740 c 743, 759 (36), 7^ (33), 7<>5,
766, 806.
Ionic, Base, 174, I74S I75, i75a, I7«,
' 183, 183, 184.
Capital, 147, 158, 159, i^, 180, 181,
737, 740, 753, 759 (4), 759 ("), 7^
(33).
Pilaster capital, 655, 7^Z'
laie, 41.
Ijeg^ fragment, 465.
Left, 578.
Left booted, 473.
Right booted, 473.
Idon, Foot, 131, 395, 413, 433i 735,
776 b.
Idon {e&iUimted) :
Head, 74, 75. 76, 77, 78, 305, 337, 345,
354, 435, 460, 584, 585, 760 (3).
Head and foot support, 161.
Leg,759(").
Paw, 419.
Relief, 33.
Seated, 334.
Skin, on relid^ 557.
I.oet» 33, 108, 139, 409, 475.
Maenad, 44.
Dancing, 431.
Marble, Alabaster, 334.
Blue, I, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, II, 15a, 16 a,
16 b, 17, 18, 33, 34, 35, 36. 37, 39, 30,
43, 43, 46, 47, 48, 49 a, 49 b, 50, 5' »,
53, 5^, 60, 61, 65, 69, 73, 79, 83, 90,
109, 144, 146, 163, 168, 301, aoa, 303,
357 + 394, 383, 384, 388, 390, 396, 397,
399, 300 + 537, 303, 309, 31 3. 334, 338,
330, 331, 333, 343, 349, 351, 355, 356,
360* 364. 393, 399, 403, 409, 435, 436,
431, 433, 438, 441, 443 a, 443 b, 444,
447, 448, 449, 464 a» 454 b, 455 *, 455 b,
490, 5", 5", 514, 515, 538, 539, 540,
541, 544, 557, 558, 564,565, 573, 675,
677, 679, 588, 589, «», 604, 606, 613,
650, 651, 665, 666, 668, 674, 683, 73a,
735. 73^, 737, 741, 743,^743. 743^*,
744, 745, 756, 757, 759(^8), 761, 7<>7,
768, 769, 773 a. 773,774, 775-
Dholianii (?), 83, 89, 91, 94, 139-
Parian, 59, 116.
Pcntelic, 3o^ 33, 54?, 55. 67, 81, 104!,
1051, ii3», 134,379,3101, 3}5',333 +
333, 333, 3f3 1, 443 », 573, ^3, 603 1,
615,6391,653?, 660.
Rosso Antico, T4b, 38, 31, 153, '96,
196, 386, 387, 391, 395, 398, 314, 46^
6<^3, 581, 754, 760 (9), 7^ (10), 700
(37). 7«4. ^
Soapy, 9, 63, 706.
Manyas, 384.
Meesenia, 398.
Metopee and Triglyph, 717.
Muee, 330.
ITeo-Attio, 363.
ITymph, Fountain figure, 99, 399.
OmphaloB, 468, 603.
Ornament, leaf, 760 (15), 760 (17).
Orphene, Relief, 6.
Paa, 577.
Panther, 93.
Parian Marble, 59, 116.
Pentelio Marble, ao, 55, 67, 81, 104 T,
105 1. 113 1, 134, 379, 310, 315 \ 333 +
333,333, 3431, 443J, 573^^31, 603 1,
615, 639 ?, 653 1, 660, 661 1.
Penrian, 40.
Philosopher, 343.
Digiti
ized by Google
ai6
SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
FilMtw Oiquital, 39 a, 1S9, 140, 141,
a99» 734. 748. 759 (16), 763.
Byzantine, 167, 746.
With reUef, 655.
Polyohzomy, 345.
Fortnat; Female, 66, 135, 339, 361!,
Mdle',
lie, 53. 64 ^ ^» 63f 65* 70i '54» 337,
365, 730-
Male toga, 85, 86, 330.
Philocoplier, 343.
SUtne, Female, 87, 88, 91, 530.
PoMidon Relief, 317.
Belief; Acanthas, 760 (35).
Alexandra, 441.
Aphrodite, 725.
Apollo, votive, 68^ ;
and Artemis, votive, 468.
Archaic, 37, 450.
Archaic Hero, 3, 4, 316, 415, 431, 451,
505-
Archaic on pilaster capital^ 655.
Architectural, 483. 775.
Asdepius and tiygieia, 580.
Bacchic, 39.
Bncianiam and garland, 740 a, 740 b,
740 c, 760 (34).
Byrantine, 297, 739, 760 (36), 770.
On drcalar base, 684.
Decorative, 454 a, 454 b.
Dio«niri, 7, 8, 9, 10, ir, 14b, 15a, 37I,
30I, 303, 303, 391, 319, 356, 447, 490,
5", 575, 581, 688, 613, 665, 674.
Fragmenu, 353, 430, 64i» 7«> (^3).
Frieze, 40, 717.
Fnneral feast, 573, 615.
Grave, 16 a, 19, 33, 34, 33, 36, 38, 43,
43, 367 + ^94, 300 + 537, 3^8, 39^, 448,
455 », 495, 558, 564, 6^5, 589, 59^,
604, 6ki, 666, 683, 743, 744.
Head, female from, 519.
« Helen,' 318, 363.
Heracles, votive^ 6^'*
Hero, 683.
Lion. 33.
Lion*s skin, 667-
Maenad, 44.
Orphens, 6.
Poseidon, 317.
Quiver, fragment I, 760 (36).
Semicircalio-, 17, 633, 664>
Snake. 5, 366, 6^6. ^
On SUtnette base, 384.
Snovetaorilla, 614.
On support, Telephus, 607*
Vase, 09.
Votive, 6, 18, 398, 441, 468, 561, 57a,
580.
With worshippexs, 16 b, 689.
Zeus, 15 b^ 388.
BoMO Antlco» 14 b, 38, 31, 163, I95»
196, 386, 387, 391, 305, 398, 314, 467,
6^3, 581, 754, 7^ (9), 760 (10), 760
(87), 7<54.
BtaeaphMgQM, Amazon, 35, 67, 379,
477-481, 4S^ 499-
Bacchic, 30, 653.
Erotes, drunken, 307.
Fragments, 48, 390, 538.
Gigantomachy, 34!.
Gymnasium scenes^ 708.
Hector's body, ransom of, 333 -i- 333,
403.
Heracles' labours, 341*
Lid, 51 b, 73, 306, 765, 766.
Satyr, 31.
Architectural support, 90.
Caryatid, 73 ;
and Dionysus, 303, 416, 739.
Pnxitelean, variation, 515.
Resting, fountain fignxe, 33.
Sleeping, fountain igure, 737.
Boythlan, 79, 83.
Beat, theatre!, 397.
Shaft, 759 (6).
Sheep, 311.
Shepherd, the Good, 308.
Shonlder, right, 686, 686 a.
SilenoB, 343, 496, 504.
Face, 764.
Blab, 759 (7), 759 (9), 759 (10), 760 (3),
760 (31), 761 a.
Snake Belief, 5, 356, 5<$5*
Sphinx, 130.
Stacs, 663*
Statae, Draped fragment, 453.
Female, draped, 119, 133!, 443, 616,
Mate, draped, 85, 86, 330, 673.
Seated male, draped, archaic, 576.
Youthful male, 390.
Statuette, Base, 663, 664.
Female, draped, 98, 117, 136, 138T,
130, 164, 383, 315, 330, 367. 493. 540,
554i 679, 6^, ^h ^7.
Fragment, 366, 438, 461, 486.
Male, draped, 113, 309, 360^ 434,
ude, loi, 136, 284, 393, 513, 666,
^66», 657.^58.
Seated, 606.
Stele, Archaic, i.
Of Damonon, 440.
Stone, Bluish, 316, 319, 363, 451, 571.
Lime, 3, 5, 398, 605, 57^, 677, 769 (0,
763.
Sand, 666, 751, 758.
BaoretauTilla, 614.
Support; Decorated with relief, 607.
Decorative^ 51a, 76!, I3il, 161, 563,
736.
For statue, 760 (30).
Sword Sheath P, 769 (8).
Telephus, 607.
Throne, 146, 146, ^09, 769.
Tile, floor, 195, 196, 759 ^3), 759 (14),
760 (33).
Toga Statue, 83, 86, 330, 673.
Digiti
ized by Google
INDEX
217
Torsos Female draped, 104, iii, 329,
333i 530-
Female nude, 734.
Male draped, 95, iia
Male node, 105. 106, 501, 514, 515,
639, yaa, 733, 736.
Tsee Trunk, 459, 488, ^189, 578, 609,
740 a, 760(16), 760(31).
Triton, 136.
Urn Lid, 31, 71.
Vase, with relief, 69.
Whetstone, 759 (17).
Whorl, 153 1, 398!.
Worshippers, Belief with, 16 b, 689.
Tenth, 89.
Seated, 133.
Zens s Enthroned, 96.
ReUe^iSb.
Digiti
ized by Google
TABLES
GIVING THE CONCORDANCE BETWEEN THE NUMBERINGS OF
DRESSEL AND MILCHHOFER AND THE MUSEUM
I. MUSEUM— DRESSEL-MILCHHOFER.
Mns.
D-M.
Mas.
D-M.
Mas.
r>-M.
Mas.
D-B4.
I
6
51b
334
103
a6
a88
365
2
4
53
81
104
157
389
46
3
8
53
H7
1:1
x^
390
a3i
4
la
54
"5
391
a 10
1
ai
II
104
107
78
393
138
359
54
108
107
393
45
I
ao4
jj.
55
109
!2
394
357
an
9a
no
106
395-399
-
9
aia
58 b
93
III
■S
300
344
10
ai7
II
"4
iia
301
3
ii-i4a
ai8
151
"3
135
303
14 b
"5
61
ia6
"4
39
303
59
i5»
a 14
6a
103
J!l
77
304-305
-
r.
191
^J
149
33
335
a7a
64
ia8, 90
\\l
131
307
338
16b
199
65
153
87
308
133
'7
a6i
66
165
119
116
309
136
18
a6o
67
337
lao-iaa
-
310
80
19
H9
68
56
133
168
3"
186
ao
40
69
373
134
71
3"
43
ai
^3
70
155
135
no
313
183
aa
71
i^
136-130
-
314
134
33
as©
73
64
131
a8
315
ISO
34
^51
•^^o
170
133
73
316
9
^5
354
74-78
-
133
133
317
19a
a6
346
79
"9
134
;^
318
aaa
a?
17
80
17a
111
319
14
a8
347
81
173
75
330
117
39
a7i
8a
137-143
331
44
30
aa7
l^
130
143
187
333-333
333
31
6a
84
176
144-300
-
334
183
3a
39
^81
14a
aoi
303
335
3
33
377
'^
aoa
ao3
336
96
34
aga
11
160
ao3
30I
337
35
339
161
304-343
-
338
III
36-39 b
89
i;
343
158
339
40
a68
90
344-351
-
330
143
41
99
91
119
353
181
331-336
-
4a
a66
93
86
353-356
-
337
154
43
a67
93
177
357
353
loa
44
370
94
38
358-377
339
-
^
a6a
SS
III
378
5
340
141
46
30
34
379
336
341
137
47
66
U
95
380-383
343
68
48
188
"4
^l^
140
343
'50
49*
99
73
384
76
344 ^
35
49b
189
100
35
,11
88
345-346
50
350
lOI
xia
84
347
ai9
51*
357
loa
33
a87
133
348
378
Digiti
ized by Google
TABLES
319
Mm.
349
350
351
35>
353
354
355
350
357
358-359
360
36a
3$3
354
366-391
39a
D-M.
Mus.
D-M.
Mns.
D-M.
Mm.
D-M,
49
5*
393-|97
196
440
441
30
"^^^
^7
47
399-401
-
44ab-449
85
91
94
403
334
.^l
179
374
403
100
450
16
608-613
404-413
-
«' .
II
615-648
649
364
33
414
34
458-454 t
-
309
416
10
455 •
363
109
133
57
455 M68
<550-653
-
4»7-4»
469
164
^54
655^59
T8
l^
431
433
69
470-493
494
180
135
331
An
83
496^65
-
661-737
728
>75
424
50
185
53
I
'V
-
567-599
739-770
-
"3
105
3
771-771 »
51b
437-439
601-603
773 leqq.
355
II. DRESSEL-MILCHHOFER— MUSEUM.
D-M.
Mas.
D-M.
Mm.
D-M.
Mus.
D-M.
Mot
I
SUA
38
94
u
136
113
lOI
3
n^
39
33
384
"3
365
3
40
30
11
"6
"4
59
4
3
41
31
107
III
54
1
378
4«
3"
&
301
119
I
43
71
310
\\l
330
7
•
44
3»i
81
5a
-
8
3
•4
%
8a
4a3
119
91
9
316
!»
1 30
315
10
415
47
351
5*
386
131
117
II
461
48
303
II
443 a
133
357
13
4
49
349
^i
133
133
13
14
319
50
51
*S|
II
118
385
134
I'd
<IS
5a
352
89
-
61
450
37
53
54
5«
90
91
^
III
%
654
55
^
9a
»!?
139
i
19
56
93
$8b
130
30
440
57
416
94
35a
131
3*2
31
5
58
u
97
13a
^
33
355
g
303
3a6
133
a87
>3
-
-
$
-
134
314
H
96
61
90
113
!P
113
:i
344
6a
31
99
41
309
103
63
33
100
403
137
—
39
603
64
7a
lOI
138
aga
>3i
"4
U
106
47
103
103
t
»39
140
a83
30
31
4»
%
34a
104
48
I4«
143
X
3a
103
69
431
no
143
330
33
116
70
109
lU
108
144
86
34
4H
71
134
106
:s
134
p
100
7a
13a
109
649
-
??
73
99
no
"5
IS
53
17
-
74
III
95
-
Digiti
ized by Google
sao
SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
3-M.
Mm.
D-M.
Mm.
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PART III
MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES
All numbers which refer io objects in the Museum are gioen in thicker
type, e.g, 804.
For abbreviaiionSy 4l'C,, seepage 98.
INTRODUCTION
Proflfttory N'oto.
§ I. The other antiquities in the Museum beside the inscriptions and
the sculptures are indeed misceUaneous. In consequence it is impossible
to give any connected account of them however brief. The majority
also are so ordinary and worthless that they need not be mentioned here.
In fact the two monuments (714, 804) which most interest the modem
Spartans will not be discussed at all. A large number of the objects
came from the three sites excavated in the neighbourhood. These are the
Vaphio Tomb and the Amydaeum dug by Dr. Tsountas in 1889 and 1890,
and the Menelaeum whose excavation, already begun by Ross in 1834
and 1841, was completed by Dr. Kastriotes in 1889 and 1900. The
various finds from these sites will be mentioned: and to ihe leaden
figurines firom the Menelaeum with those from other places will be
devoted a special section at the end of this introduction. But first
of all the objects will be discussed in chronological order as &r as
possible.
Xarly Civilisation.
§ a. Some of the smallest and most unimportant, intrinsically, of the
objects in the Museum are archaeologically of great value. Such are
the various stone implements chiefly from Xerokambi (696, 696 a»
678, 702, 703), and the small flake of obsidian (698 (19)) from the
Amyclaeum. These are the evidence for the existence of early civi-
lization in Laconia. It must not, however, be assumed that stone
implements all belong to the neolithic period. The use of stone
weapons and tools, particularly of obsidian, survived well into the
succeeding bronze age of Greek civilization (Minoan and Mycenaean
period). Obsidian has been found in many places in Laconia, at Vaphio,
Geraki, Cranae, and Xerokambi. It is almost certainly all of Melian
provenance, and forms one more piece of evidence for the importance
of the obsidian trade in the early age of Greece ^ Stone tools and celts
have been found in all parts of the Peloponnesus, but no neolithic site has
yet been excavated in this region. So Tsountas's find of celts in Arcadia
remains the most important '• Laconia has recently yielded two celts,
^ Phylahffi, ch. Tiii (Bonnqnet). ' "E^. 'Af»x. 190Z, pp. 85-90, pL v.
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222 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
from Koutiphari and Daemonii. Stone polishers and pounders have also
been found at Geraki and Koutiphari. But these may even belong to the
historical period.
Minoan and Myoenaean Period.
§ 3. The few fragments of pottery from the Vaphio tholos tomb
(561) are of considerable interest. This, the only unplundered tholos
tomb yet discovered, was excavated by Tsountas in 1889 ^ It lies on
a low hill on the right bank of the Eurotas over an hour south of Sparta
and half an hour from the site of the Amyclaeum. All the finds, which
include the famous gold cups, are now in the National Museum, Athens.
These Spartan fragments are however interesting ; they belong to large
jars of the Cnossus palace style and therefore to the period called by
Evans ' Late Minoan II '.' Many of the fragments at Athens are similar
in style and technique. The gold cups with their high embossed work
are the natural development of the Cretan carved steatite bowls, such
as the harvest-home procession bowl from Phaestos. These steatite
bowls were originally covered with gold leaf', and are assigned by
Evans to ' Late Minoan I.' Two other tholos tombs have been found
in Laconia, at Arkina, and at Kampos^: both had been thoroughly
plundered.
To the same period as the Vaphio fragments belong a laige number
of similar pieces from the Amyclaeum (798 (a)» 802). These though
of the same style differ in material and fabric from the corresponding
Cretan ware. The ware itself is thicker and the clay finer : Uierefore
we must consider them as local imitations of the Cretan style. This
is a most important fact since it points, if not to a Cretan settlement
in Laconia, at least to very close trade relations between the two districts.
Further, other fragments of vases, and the many terra-cotta figurines, human
and animal, from the Amyclaeum of the usual 'Mycenaean' type (794
A. 1, B. 1, 2 ; 798 (b)) belong to the period called ' Late Minoan III.'
Thus we not only find the Cretan style settled, but also developing
in Laconia. It must be remarked that the Mycenaean or Minoan
civilization in Laconia depended not on Mycenae, but on Crete. The
settlement at Amyclae * with which the Vaphio tomb was undoubtedly
connected was independent of Mycenae and was in very close touch
with Crete. This Cretan connexion is brought out very strongly by
the literary traditions concerning the beginnings of sculpture in the
Peloponnesus *, and it is confirmed by two recent discoveries. A bUgel-
kanne of Cretan fabric has been found in the excavations of the British
School at Koutiphari (Thalamae); and on the hill at Vaphio a fragment
of a small bowl of the green porphyry from Krokeae (Levetzovaj has
been picked up. A store of blocks of this famous porphyry was found
in the palace at Cnossus ^. Further, the two painted terra-cotta heads
* *B^. 'Apx. 1889, p. 136 seqq., pi. 7-10; Frazer, Pansanias, vol. 3, p. 134.
' Evans, I^ejiort Brit, Ass. 1904, p. 719. Cf. Dawkins, B, S. A. z. 1903-1901,
p. 193 seqq.
' Bo8anquet,y. H, S. 1904, p. 320.
* 'E^. 'Apx. 1889, p. 131 : iM. 1 891, p. 189.
* Probably the tomb of Hyakintbos over which the Dorians built the throne of
Apollo was a shrine or heroon of the people possessing this civilixation.
* V. Introd. to Sculpture, $$ i, 14.
' B, S. A. viii. 1901-2, p. 78.
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INTRODUCTION TO MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES 223
from the Amyclaeum resemble very much in style the painted plaster
head from Mycenae ^ And Tsountas in publishing this head remarked
that it could be compared with the Cretan work in painted plaster.
These heads are painted in dark red brown on a white slip. Both have
big mouths, wide staring eyes rendered by a dot in an ellipse, and big
projecting ears. The technique is childish and primitive. Both have
long curly hair. One wears a tasselled three-cornered hat decorated with
a meander. The other wears a kind of stephane and ear-rings: is it
female, for ear-rings are not common on msde figures'? These heads
are two of the most remarkable monuments of the late Minoan period
yet found.
Oeometrio and Succeeding Periods.
§ 4. The vase fragments from the Amyclaeum (791 (1), 702, 708,
708 (2), 700 (0)) are sufficient proof that in Laconia as elsewhere in
the Hellenic world the * Mycenaean ' was followed by a geometric period.
Two more or less complete vases were taken by Tsountas to Athens.
These are the only examples of Laconian geometric given by Wide',
who observes that it seems to be very simple. He collected many
fragments at the Amyclaeum itself, yet failed to notice the fragments
in the Museum. The great variety of different ornaments shown by
these fragments prove that Laconian geometric was by no means simple
and that it indulged in all the peculiar
designs and patterns common elsewhere.
For one thing the majority of these fragments
is indeed remarkable; that is the bright black
metallic glaze with which they are decorated.
It is peculiar to the Laconian geometric
pottery: its occurrence on some whorls,
&c. (706 (4)) proves that these also belong
to this period. Not enough attention has
been paid to these fragments, which are
important, if not from their peculiar glaze, Fig. 78.
from the feet that they are the only examples
of geometric ware yet found in Laconia. The styles succeeding the
geometric are represented only by two small fragments, one of Corinthian,
the other of red figure ware (708 (8), (4)), both from the Amyclaeum*.
The ordinary black glazed ware of the fifth and following centuries,
though not represented in the Museum, is common on all historical sites
in Laconia.
The fragment of a pithos decorated with low relief (620) can be
paralleled by a similar fragment bought by Le Bas at Magula and now in
the Cabinet des M^dailles at Paris* (Fig. 78). This fragment represents
two warriors, one with a round and the other with a Boeotian shield,
fighting with spears over the body of a third warrior who carries a Boeotian
shield. Each wears a crested helmet, a cuirass and sword, and has long
^ Tsoimtas, 'E^. 'A^x* i^3> P* i4> pl* 4; ^^* 1902, pi. i, a.
" E. S. Forrter, B, S, A, viii. p. 374.
' G€ometrischi Vasen, p. 33, fig. 41, 4a; v. Coove-Collignon, Cat, d. Vases peints,
396 bis, ttr.
* Tsotintas found some Coriothian ware at the Amyclaeum, 'E^. 'A^x« 1893, p. 13.
• Lc Bas, Voy. Arch, Mon.fig. pi. lOR; De Riddcr, Cat. Vases Bibl, Nat, 166;
D-M. 19. C£ Pottier, Man, Grecs, 14-10, p. 56.
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224
SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
5S2
S51
a JJi *1^
561
Fig. 79.
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INTRODUCTION TO MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES 225
hair and a beard. Behind the left-hand warrior part of an archer bending
his bow is observed : and part of another warrior is visible on the right.
The representations on both fragments have considerable likeness, allowing
of course for the different technique, to black figure vases ^ : but they
do not show very much likeness to any of the other known examples of
vases decorated with reliefs.
Miniature Vaaes.
Amongst the other vases the miniature vases (568 B (1-6), 799 (1),
808 (1, 2)) found at the Menelaeum, the Amyclaeum', and else*
where near Sparta undoubtedly belong to the historical period. They
are clearly of cheap, local fabric: the majority are uncoloured, but
some are black glazed. Judging by the prevalence of the cantharus
shape, and remembering that the cantharus is the vase held by the
heroes on reliefs, we may conjecture with great probability that these
miniature vases served as cheap dedications at shrines, especially at those
of heroes. Menelaus, we know, was worshipped as a hero ; a vase of
this kind seems to have been found with the hero relief at Chrysapha '.
More recently a large find of similar vases has been made in the
excavations of the British School near Angelona on the probable site
of a heroon*.
The Hellenistic age is represented by one lamp of excellent work
(6860). Its style is refined and dignified, and the type is somewhat
unusual.
The Amyolaeaiii.
§ 5. This shrine, the most important site in the neighbourhood of
Sparta, was excavated by Tsountas in I89o^ More recently in 1904
it has been partly re-excavated by Furtw&ngler, with the result that the
decision arrived at from the first excavations must be abandoned. The
site lies about an hour south-east of Sparta on the low hill above
the hamlet of Tsausi where stands the church of Hagia Kyriake. This
church is built over the foundations of the throne of Apollo*, which are
clearly visible in the middle of the south wall The earlier excavation
yielded many remains of the Minoan civilization^, proving that this site
was inhabited before 1500 b.c. These consist of vase fragments,
terra-cotta figurines, human and animal, and steatite . whorls. Many
fragments of geometric ware were found, and are still to be seen in
quantities on the site together with ordinary black glazed pottery.
Corinthian and ordinary Hellenic pottery was also discovered. A large
quantity of very much damaged miscellaneous bronze implements was
found : the bronze rods (898, 4, 5) with rounded knobs resemble those
from the Argive Heraeum^ Three bronze statuettes now in Athens
are from these excavations'. One represents a nude woman wearing
long hair, a necklace and a belt over her right shoulder, and clanging
^ Cf. Reinach, Rip. vases peints, pp. 83, 199.
* 'E0. 'A/>x. iSoa, p. II. n/Kun>i«tt, 1900, p. 8a
» Ath, MitL 1877, p. 303, I. ^ B,S.A. xi.
* 'B^. 'A^x* ^^9^ J P> I s^<l- pl« I '4* Winter, AfU, Terrakotten, III, p. xzziii.
* Tsonntas thought that the late Bemicircular foundation to the west of the church
was the tomb of Hyakinthos which was underneath the throne.
^ See above, % 2. * Waldstein. Argive Heramm^ II, pi. 130-132.
* De Ridder, Cat. des Bronus, 150, 814, 815.
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SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Fig. 80.
cymbals. It is of the archaic period, and can be compared to
Cypriote work^: it was apparently a mirror handle. Another shows
a nude male figure standing evenly on both feet on a square base.
The right hand is lost; but the left which is held out horizontaDy
before him possibly held a lyre, to judge by the traces of attachment
remaining. The greatest peculiarity is the head-dress, which is apparently
some kind of stephane. The eyes are rendered by large solid circles
in ellipsoid sockets. The forms of the body are slender, but have the
ardiaic exaggeration of necessary muscles, e. g. in the chest, hips, and
calves. It is ordmary work of the late sixth century b. c. The third
is similar to this last. Other bronxes yielded by these excavations are
fragments of tripods, animals (oxen, rams, Ac), and disks*. The
remaining finds from this site include a female terra-cotta figure with
the sex very strongly marked, miniature vases, some iron weapons,
bones of animals, rams and oxen, and lead figurines like those from the
Menelaeum which will be discussed below.
The Menelaeum.
§ 6. This shrine stood on the left bank of the Eurotas, on one of the
southernmost points of a range of low hills which are to Sparta what
the laniculum is to Rome. Near the site now stands a small chapel
of Hagios Elias, which contains ancient worked blocks. Excavation
was first begun here by Ross in 1833 and continued in 1841. More
recently Kastriotes, in two campaigns in 1889 and 1900, has cleared
the site and made many interesting discoveries'. He found that the
shrine itself consisted of three stepped terraces one above the other.
The construction is more or less regular, and the foundation walls
are of poros. In plan it was oblong: the lowest terrace being i6«5ox
23*70 metres, and the uppermost 5*50 x 8-70 metres. The narrow ends
face north and south : traces were found on these sides of steps leading
from one terrace to another. The majority of the finds (663) are of
little importance, but the miniature vases dready referred to are very
interesting. The terra-cottas, both the archaic ones and those of more
developed style, resemble those from Hagios Sostis near Tegea*.
Amongst the latter the hydropboroi are remarkable, and also the polus-
wearing figures ; these last possibly have some connexion with Helen *.
^ V, Fnrtwangler, M Denk, ant, Kumi^ III (Bc^, SitrungsbenchU^ 1905, ii),
p. 265.
* V, Dc Riddcr, op, cit. a, 3, 530, 815, 846, 993, 997, 1004, 1017.
* npaicriitd, 1900, pp. 74-^4
* V. Winter, Antikg TerrokoHen, III, p. xxxiy.
* V, Introduction to Sculptare, § la.
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INTRODUCTION TO MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES 22J
Qa
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228
SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
But most important of all are the little figurines cast in lead which have
been found in such numbers on this site.
The Iieaden Figurines.
{ 7. The importance of these fig;urines lies in the material of which
they are made, and in the fact that they are apparently peculiar to
Laconia, or at least to the Peloponnesus. Thev have been found at
the Menelaeum, the Amyclaeum, near Vavyka (No. 070), and on the
right bank of the Eurotas, a little below the iron bridge. Lately some
similar figurines were purchased at Corinth for the Ashmolean Museum.
Their exact provenance is unknown : but since they are of the same
types as the Laconian examples, they possibly came from the neighbour-
hood of Sparta. Therefore it would be quite justifiable to conclude that
these figurines are peculiar to Laconian shrines. Since the variety of the
types is great, a tabulated list giving the provenance of the figurines and
their present whereabouts will be useful ^ Figs. 79, So, 8z.
Warrion in profile to
r. and 1., patterns on
shields, rays, wheels, con<
centric circles, Catherine
wheels and dots.
Warriors charging.
Running men (node).
Nnde men.
Hermes (?).
Centaurs.
Horsemen.
Flute players.
Pig» 79'
18.
(6620,662 0,
662 3,678.)
I.'
if
< <
Fig. 8q.
a(P. ao. ai)
I (P. a6).
I (P. 27) +3.
I P. 25).
+ 1.
I (P. aS).
I (P. 18).
Fig.81.
7'.
15-
I (node).
^ The principal litenttare on the sabject is : Ross, Artk, A^sStu, II, p. 943, pL 1 ;
id. Arch, Zeit., 1854, pl- ^Si P^ ^^1i Pcrdriset, Reu, Arch. 1897, p. i seqq., pL i, a
(cited in tabulated list as P ) ; Kastriotes, nftacrani, ipoo, p. 74 seqq. ; Perrot, VIII,
p. 183, where it is stated that these figurines are of the same date as geometric and
Corinthian vases.
' The •«• sign indicates figurines not exposed in the Museum, and not described
by Perdrizet.
' Dr. Riezler writes as follows concerning these figurines : — ' Ich mochte bemerken,
dass die Stiicke nicht yon Ross ausgegraben sind, sondem erst neuerdings an dem von
Ross ausgecrabenen Platze, dem Menelaion, gefunden worden* ; cf. Kastriotes, pp. cit,,
p. 76. 6. This seems perfectly correct. The figurines found by Ross seem to have
hm taken to Athens ; and have since been miud in the Museum with those from
Kastriotes* later excavations. Some can be identified; Ross 5 « Perdrizet 4, R6 —
P a6, R 7-?, R 8-P ao or ai, R 9-?, R lo-P 19, R n-P a8, R la-P 6,
RI3-P8.
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INTRODUCTION TO MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES 229
9. Female figures in profile
to r.y and 1., they wear
point, long hair, pointed
shoes; arms sometimes
fnty sometimes canying
Totive oflEerings ; so
play finte, cynibalsy &c ;
dad in long chiton giit
at waist, teztnie indicated
by networlc, diamonds,
meanders, obUqne, ver-
tical and horizontal lines
alone or combined.
10. Athena (1).
11. Artemis (f).
1 2 . Winded goddess.
(a) Wmgs drooping.
(^) Wings curled at ends,
(r) Wings straight.
13. Nike (wing^ figure
running).
14. Woman on horseback(t).
15. lion.
16. Horses, cattle, sheep,
dogs, ftc.
17. Codes (crested and un-
crested^
18. Palm branches.
19. Wreaths.
aa Grilles*.
;^W squares.
d) o squares.
{€) 8 squares.
{d) 10 squares.
31. Anthemion.
as. Caduoeus.
33. Lyre.
34. Jug.
as.
(559, 559 0,
559 6, 679.)
I (604).
4 («M).
1(684).
I (559 a).
I (559).
316 (559,
5590,559^).
I (559).
a (559,559 a).
a (559, 679).
16.
Fig. 8a
8 (P. 10-17)
♦ 7a.
i(P.4i).
a.
a.
64.
1^*2).
I (P. I).
iCP. 3) + i.
3 (P. 4, 5)
+ 1.
«(P.3a»33)
+ 1.
3 (P. ao, 30,
31) +8.
i(P.34)+a
4 (P. 37-40)
+ 150.
i(P.35) + 6
I (P. 36)+!
Fig.8i
a.
5*
I frag-
ment
3-
I.
34-
a.
39.
7frag-
The varietj of the types is so great that no clue as to the meaning
or intention of the figurines can be derived from them. In any case
there is little doubt that these figurines vere intended as votive offerings.
Were the polus-wearing female figures found only at the Menelaeum,
they might have been said to represent Helen. But these figurines
^ Rouse (GJk, Votwt Offerings^ p. 301) suggests that these grilles are the bases of
animal figurines, comparing them to the gridiron-like bases of some of the Olympia
bronzes. This seems hscorrecL None of the leaden figurines were intended to stand
nprifi4it, and on the upper surface of the grilles there is no trace whatsoerer of the
attadunent of the 1^ of animals.
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230 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
are common to all the sites. Perdrizet thought that the costume of
some of these figures resembled the Mycenaean. This seems incorrect :
as &r as can be seen, the female figures wear a long chiton simply girt
at the waist Of the other costumes that of the warriors is alone
interesting. They wear large crested helmets without cheek pieces, and
carry round shields with a central boss. The Macedonian shield was
of this character, and this shape of shield was typical of the central
European tribes \ Therefore the makers of these leaden figurines were
invaders from the north. Probably they were Dorians ; but on this point
certainty is unattainable.
At Sparta we know that under the laws of Lycurgus iron and not gold
or silver was used for coin*. It seems then probable that these leaden
figurines were the Spartan substitutes for votive offerings in precious
metal. Offerings of gold and silver must have been common at nearly
all Greek shrines. Similarly to-day flat plates of silver representing
human beings, animals, &c., are commonly suspended as votive offerings
at Italian and Greek shrines. Such silver offerings are, as remarked by
Perdrizet, the modem counterparts of these Spartan lead figurines.
Leaden figurines would have been cheap, and as they could not be
sold or turned to any useful purpose, there would be great accumulations
of them at the shrines.
As regards style the figurines are always archaic Stylistically none
of them appear to be later than the first quarter of the fifth century.
There is one trace, however, of the development of style. Some of the
fenude figurines are in true profile. Others are in half profile in the
archaic &shion, the heads and legs being rendered in profile, but
the bodies m/ace. Apart from this all the figures appear to be of the
same date. It is impossible, however, that they can all be of the same
period. We must then assume that these figurines began in the sixth
and lasted till the fourth century, the retention of archaic types being
due to the conservatism of rel^^n. Perdrizet compared these lead
figurines to some gold work from Corinth'. There does not seem,
however, to be much similarity between the two. They are all of the
archaic period, and the technique is the same : but closer comparison in
style, ftc, is impossible.
The technique of the lead figurines is simple. They are cast from
flat moulds. Apparendy the type was engraved in low intaglio in the
stone, a fiiat stone was placed on top and the molten lead was then
poured in. Such a process would easily produce the low relief and flat
backs of the figurines. The wreaths seem to have been cast together.
The apparent stalk is really the ends of the ribbon tying the wreath.
This was used as a channel for introducing the molten lead from a long
narrow channel uniting the ends of the stalks of several wreaths. Thus
in two cases some wreaths are found joined together by a narrow bar
joining the ends of their stalks (652 a, 6).
These figurines are, with the miniature vases and the Mycenaean
objects, the most interesting of the Miscellaneous Antiquities. It is to
be hoped that further excavation in Laconia will throw more light on
these subjects.
* Ridgeway, Earfy Agt of Greea, I, ch. vL
* [Plato], Eryx, 400; Platarch, Lycurg, 9, Lytamdt, 17; PoUuz, ix, 79.
* Arch, Ziit, 1884, P^- "^^t i- >•
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MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES
45. Eros on ram: semicircular antefix: terra-cotta. H. *ig, L. '2^,
D-M. 26a.
Eros, winged, is thown dinging to a ram moving swiftly to 1. He has his
arms aboat the ram*s nedc, and his body han^ against its left side : the
tips of his wings curl over. Good composition ; spirited, bat not very
detailed work, probably of the and cent B. c. Bat for the position of the
figure and the wings it might be thought to represent Phrizns.
169. Amphora : terra-cotta. H. •60.
No neck or handles.
197. Pyramidal weight: terra-cotta. H. ag.
Top broken off : probably a loom weight.
198. Pithos fragment: terra-cotta. H. -is. L. -13.
Shows two bands of a plait pattern : c£ 199.
199. Pithos fragment : terra-cotta. H. •oS. L. 'oS.
Shows one and a half bands of plait pattern : cf. 108.
278. Male statuette: terra-cotta (two fragments only). H. '21.
D-M. 5. Winter, Antike Terrakotten^ III, p. 177, 3.
Found N. £. of the tovm near the Earotas at the place called ^v/n^o9, where
other terra-cottas and vases were foond. The head, lower left ann, and all
the body below the waist are lost The left arm is completely preserved
(1. .a I, height of remaining portion of body • 10 ^). The forms are youthfol :
the figure is in a very stiff position, and the back is bent in behind. The
left arm carves inward; and, as is shown by the broken surface, the
hand rested fiat against the thigh with the thumb oatwards.
280. Glass bottle. H. 18. DL 10.
Semidrcnlar-shaped bodv with long neck, top broken. It was foond in
a tomb in the noase of D. Krites (t).
Kastriotes notes that under this number the first catalogue described the
body of a pyzis showing a seated woman. This, according to a tel^ram
of Stamatakes (11/23 J^^ie 18 1), was stolen from the Museum.
380. Pyramidal weight: terra-cotta. H. •oS.
Similar to 197, but complete and has a hole bored through the top.
847. Dioscuri riding : terra-cotta antefix. H. -17. L. *2^.
Both Dioscuri are seen riding to the right. Both wear the pileus : and their
chlamvdes flutter out behind. The foremost Dioscurus appears from
behind the other. It is considerably damaged on the right, and below
in the middle. Spirited work, probably and cent. B. a
848. Two warriors fighting : handle of vase (fragment) : terraKroUa.
H. 06. D-M. 278.
At the base of the handle where it springs from the bodv and on the outside
of it are two nude warriors fighting. Their inside legs cross, and ^eir
^ Dressel and Milchhofer say it was •I9 high ; they also describe the head. This
is now lost : if it was .op high, as seems probable, this would account for the difference
in the measurements. Kastriotes notes that it was lost as long ago as the time when
Stamatakes made the first catalogue of the Museum.
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232 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
bodies are bent away from one another. The warrior on the ri^jht has
his shield on his left arm and strikes with his right The one on the left
covers himself with his shield on his left arm, and looks as thongh about
to retnm the blow with his right. Good composition, sketchy woik,
and cent B. c.
369. Pyramidal weight : terra-cotta. H. -09.
Complete, hole bored through top : cfl 187 and 886.
890. Amphora : terra-cotta. H. '^S,
Two handles : complete.
891. Pithos : terra-cotta. H. ^sS. Di. at mouth -a 3, of body •40.
It is plain except for two bands, eaeh of three raised lines romd the body,
and a similar one jnst above the foot.
406. Brooch (?): bronze. L. 09.
Pin broken away. Decorated with linear omamentatimi. Its shape in
general is that of a wedge, joined at its thick end by a narrow piece to
a semidrele, whose edge is ornamented with seven knobs. The edges of
the wedge end are decorated with an open work scroll.
406. Miscellaneous lot of coins : i silver and 237 bronze.
(0) Hadrian ; silver denarins, i.
OHf. Head to r. ; H ADRIANVS AVG. COS. HI. P. P.
J^«v, Female figure en face holding cornucopia in L, smd scales in r.
hand: MONiSTA AVG. Cohen, 334.
(^) Maximianns; small bronze, i.
Obv, Head to r. ; IMP. C. M. VAL. MAXIMIANVS AVG.
Reo. Victoria crowning resting Hercules ; VIRTVS AVG. ; in exer-
gue XXIAT. Cf. Cohen, 426.
{c) Constantine ; small bronze, i.
Obtu Head to r. ; CONSTANTINVS MAX. AVG.
Rev. Two soldiers either side of a signnm ; CONCORDIA EXER-
CITVS; in exeigue SHNS.
{dt) Laconia, 146-33 B.C., bronze, 7.
(i) Apollo, head to r. ; reo. Eagle, AA ♦L B, M. C. 26.
(2) Simikr, but inscribed AA Afi.
(3S Heracles, head bearded, to r. ; rev, club in wreath, AA SI. B. M, C. 42.
(4) Lycurgns, head to r. ; rev, club-caduceus in wreath, AA ¥L B,M. C.
20.
(5) Shnilar, but inscribed AA NL B. M, C. 17.
(6) Dioscuri, heads to r. ; rev, two amphorae in wreath, AA All[. B, M, C.
36.
(7) Similar, but inscribed AA AY.
{e) Byzantine ; bronze, 47 : (in bad condition).
(/) Venice, colonial issues ; bronze, 9.
{g") Miscellaneous illegible coins ; bronze, 172.
486. Ideal female head : terra-cotta ; hollow. H. -20. D-M. 105.
Bull Inst, 1873, P- 2 1 a.
Formerly in possession of Kopsomanikos : badly damaged. The head b
a little inclined to its right. The hair is centre-parted, and waved away
behind. It hangs down oehind the ears in two corkscrew curls. Round
top of head is a stephane ; on the hair before it are traces of an ivy (?)
wreath. The ears, hanging curls and the diadem were probably separately
modelled and set on. The face is oval-shaped and suggests an Aohrodite
type. The cheeks are high and narrow, the lips parted, and toe chin
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MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES 233
divided in the centre. Empty^ ideal type, not earlier than second century
B.& Dresael and Milchhoter do not believe tlut its provenance is Sparta.
516. Griffin's bead : bronze. H. ^op. L. ^oS.
Found at Rividtissa near Amydae. Open monthed: broken off at neck
wliich was hollow : horn growing on top of head : upright ears : pro-
jecting eyes. Good work : fifth century B. c.
517. Various coins of bronze and silvered bronze, in all 517.
A. Salonina.
Small bronie and silvered bronse : inscr. SALONINA AVG., head to r.
(I) Jinf, Feconditas to 1. with corovcopia, FECVNDITAS AVG., a.
Cohen 35.
(3) J^ev. Goddess seated to L holding patera and two comiicopiae» CON-
CORD. AVG., in exergue A. P., i. Cf. Cohen, ao-a2.
(3) J^sv, Ceres seated to 1. nolding ears of com and sceptre, CERERI
AVG., 4. Cohen, 18.
(4) Jiof, Juno to L, holding sceptre and patera, peacock by her side, IVNO
REGINA, la. Cohen, 48.
(5} Jisv. Aequitas to 1. with scales and cornucopia, AEQVITAS AVG., 4.
Cohen, 10.
(6) Jiiv, Veiled goddess seated to 1. holdhig sceptre, PVDZCITIA, i.
Cohen, 63.
(7) Jiev, Hygleia to r. feeding snake, SALVS AVG., 4. Cohen, 69.
(8) Xtv, Gmldess armed with shield and spear, holding helmet to 1.,
VENVS AVG., I a. Cohen, 76.
(9) Odv. Inscr. CORN. SALONINA AVG., head to r.
/lev. Goddess (t) standing to r. VIRTVS (t) AVG.
(10) nibble, I.
B. Gallienus.
Small bronse and sQvered bronze : inscr. GALLIENVS AVG., head to r.
(i) Hsv. Aequitas to L, AEQVITAS AVG., 9. (One inscr. GALLIENVS
P. F. AVG.). Cohen, 34, 35.
(a) Hsv, Sol sUnding to L, AETERNITATI AVG., 10. (Four inscr.
GALLIENVS P. F. AVG.) Cohen, ko, 51.
(3) I^ev, Saturn holding sceptre to r., AETERNITAS AVG. , i. Cohen, 44.
(4) ^iv. Aesculapius standing 4n face, CONSERVATOR AVG., 9.
Cohen, 96.
(5) J?Mr. Felicitas with globe and sceptre (T) to r., FELICIT. AVG. i.
Cohen, 119.
(50) Similar, but goddess holds cornucopia, i.
(6) Jieu, Fortuna holding rudder and cornucopia to 1., FORTVNA
REDVX, a. Cohen, 175.
(7) XiV. Fortuna redux holding cad u cena and cornucopia to L, FOR-
TVNA REDVX, 7. Cohen, 173.
(8) Jiev. Genius before altar to 1., GENIO AVG., i. Cohen, 181.
(9) linf. Genius to 1., GENIVS AVG., i. Cohen, 183.
(10) 0^. Inscr. IMP. C. P. LIC. GALLIENVS P. F. AVG.
^eu, Gallienus receiving sceptre and globe from Juppiter, lOVI CON-
SERVATORI., I. Cohen, aa5.
(11) J?/v. Juppiter Stator tn/ace, lOVI STATORI, ao. (Five inscr. GAL-
LIENVS P. F. AVG.) Cohen, a33, a34.
(la) Jiev. Goddess seated to r. INDVLGENT. AVG., i. Cohen, 198.
(13) Jisv. Gallienus armed to 1., IVBENTVS AVG., in exergue vii c, i.
Cohen, a 45.
(14) Jliv. Laetitia holdhig wreath and anchor to 1., LAETITIA AVG., 6.
Cohen, a49.
(15) J?Ar. Diana Ludfera to r., LVNA LVCIFERA, 6. Cohen, 345.
(iS) Jisv. Mars to 1., MARTI CONSERV., 3. Cohen, 350.
(17) Hev. Mars to r., MARS VICTOR, 3. Cohen, 348.
(t8) Jisu, Couchant ram to r., MERCVRIO CONS. AVG., 3. Cohen, 36a.
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234 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
(19) Rev. Mlnerv* to L, MINERVA AVG., in ezogoe vil c, i. Cohoi, 364.
(30) Reo. Pax to 1^ PAX AVG., x. Cohen, 390.
(an Rev. Gallienns to I., tacrifidng, PIETAS AVG., 6. Cohen, 416.
(2a) Rev. Uon to 1. P. M. TR. P. XIL C. VL P. P., 4. (One with head
to left.) Cohen, 454.
(83) Ohv. Inacr. GALLI^VS P. F. AVG.
Rev. Senipii enfau, P. M. TR. P. XIL COS. V. P. P., i. Cohen, 452.
(24) Rev. Neptnne to L, P. M. TR. P. XV. P. P., 7. Cohen, 458.
^ Rev. Mercnry to 1^ PROVIDENTIA AVG., 10. Cohoi, 470.
Rev. (Goddess to L, PROVID. AVG., i. Cohen. 464.
Rev. Roma seated to L, ROMAE AETERNA£^ 6. (Three inscr.
GALLIENVS P. F. AVG.) Cohen, 491, 493.
(28) Rev, Stag to 1., SAECVLARES AVG., a. (On one head of emperor
to L) Cohen, 497.
(a9) Rev. Apollo by tripod to 1., SALVS AVG., 6. Cohen, 499.
(30) Rev. Hygieia to r., feeding serpent from patera, SALVS AVG., a.
Cohen, 503.
(31) Rev. Sol enfau, SOLI AVG., i.
(3a) Rev. Pegasus to r., SOLI CONS. AVG., 1. Cohen, 524.
(33) R^' Sol to L, SOU INVICTO, 5. Cohen, 529.
(34) Rev. Uberitas standing to L, VBERITAS AVG., i. Cohen, 541.
(35) Rev. Goddess with spear holding helmet, VENERVICTRICI, la Cf.
Cohen, SS^-SS^'
(36) Rev. Similar goddess holding shield, spear and helmet, same legend, i.
Cf. Cohen, 550-553.
(37) Rev. Victoria mnning to L, VKTIORIA AVG., 9. (Four mscr. GAL-
LIENVS P. F. AVG.) Cohen, 587, 589.
Rev. Virtus to r., VIRTVS AVG, 7. Cohen, 661.
Rev. Virtns to L, same legend, 6. Cohen, 656.
Rev. Gallienns ftilly armed to r., same legend, 4. Cohen, 664.
Rev. Mars to r., same legend, 3. Cohen, 650.
Obv. Inscr. IMP. C. P. LIC. GALLIENVS AVG.
Rev. Mars to r., same legend, i. Cf. Cohen, 65a.
(43) Rev. Hercules to r., same legend, in ezeigne vii c, 8. Cf. Cohen, 66a,
663.
(44) Rev. Hercules resting to r., VIRTVS AVGVSTL
and 37 illegible cofau.
C. Volusianus, small bronze, i.
Obv. Head to r., IMP. CAE. C Via VOLVSIANVS AVG.
Rev. Paz to L, PAX AVG. QL Cohen, 39.
D. Macrianus, small bronze, 2.
(I) Obv. IMP. C. FVL. MAORI ANVS P. F. AVG., head to r.
iPfT. Sol to L, SOLI INVICTO. C:ohen, 9.
(a) Obv. Similar inscr. and type.
Rev. Roma seated to L, ROMAE AETERNAE. Cohen, 8.
£. Galerius, small bronze, i.
Obv. Head to r., GAL. VAL. MAXIMIANVS. NOB. CAES.
Rev. Galerius to r. before Jnppiter carrying Victoria, CONCORDIA
EXERCITVS. Cf. Cohen, 59.
F. Laconia, bronze, 3. 146-32 b.c.
(I) Heracles, head bearded, to r. ; rev. dub in wreath, AA VEEt. \. Cf.
B. M. C. 41.
(a) Dioscuri, heads to r. ; rev. two amphone, AA A. a. Cf. B. M. C. 37.
G. Sicyon, bronze, x : dove in wreath to 1., rtv. 21 in wreath.
Ptolemy EuergetM^ z : head to 1., rev. eagle, BASIABOS IITOABMAIOT.
Byzantine, 7.
Ionian islands, i.
Ilkgibie» 17.
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MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES 235
518. Hexagonal block : terra-cotta. Di. 'Of^, H. •04.
Top concave with central boM. In the concave part around the bow
are the letters: —
K
B B
*
Form of ^ 6. It was found on the land of Matallas near the iron bridge
over the Eorotas.
520. Fragment of pithos: thick, coarse clay. L. •19. H. -14.
Th. -02. Introd. § 4. Fig. 82.
The fragment comes from the upper part of the body on the left of one
of the handles, whose root still exists on the right of the fra^ent It
is decorated with very low relief. At the top there is a projecting rim
omamented with an ovolo pattem.
Below this on the body is a similar
pattem; and then an astragaL Under
this part of procession of warriors
is visible. On the left, driving a
chariot to the right, is a bearded man
clad in a chiton with ornamentation
on its lower edge, and a himation
over his right shoulder. Only the
curved tail of the chariot is visible.
Behind him walking to the left is
a fully armed warrior. He wears
a large crested helmet, carries one Fig. 8a.
spear in his right, and two in his left
hand. On his left arm he also wears a large round shield, whose pattem
consists of rays springing from a central circle within which is a similar
pattem. Good work : sixth century, B.c
588. Spear-head, bronze. L. -53. B. -025.
Found in a tomb at An6geia. Part of socket broken away ; on each &ce
a projecting midrib.
549. Contents of tomb found by the mill of Matallas on the right
bank of the Eurotas.
^i) Sleeping dog to r. ; terra-cotta ; H. ^oa, L. -035.
(a) Bone die. L. '03. H. .03.
On upper side : : : , bottom blank, on opposite sides * . and : • : , * • .
and : : . The hollow part of the bone in the centre was filled up.
(3) Seven pieces of bone split in half, each •08—10 long. There is a hole
in the centre of each as though they were meant to be strung together.
One piece is ribbed, and another has three belts of three incised lines
on it.
(4) Five flat pieces of bone pointed at one end. L. -07—13, B. •oa— 03.
Four have holes bored in their flat ends. Three pieces are plain.
Three pieces are decorated with belu of three engraved lines and
concentric circles.
(5) Three oblong pieces of bone. Two decorated with concentric circles
and belts of three engraved lines. One has a scroll pattem.
(6) Small piece of bone. ll .03. D. -015. One end pointed, other end runs
to a narrow shaft, at whose base a hole is pierced. On it by lines
and circles is a rude representation of a human face.
(7) Eight fragments of bone : four are pierced at one end ; and one is carved
and cut by incised lines into a double row of squares. L. -05— 1 1.
(8^ Mouthpiece of bone. L. •035.
(9) Two strips of lead. L. .13.
(10) Three pieces of lead wire,
(ii) Iron naU. L. •06.
!ia) Fragment of strainer in thin black ware. L. .06.
13) Footoftlatttcttes booe. L. -05. H. •os. Coanework.
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236 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
(i^S Ribbed bronie rod. L. -la.
I IK) Bronze ring. Di. •04.
(16) Bronze lid. Di. .05. H. ^5. Peaked top.
(17) Neck and month of oenochoe, bronze : trefoil shape. H. .03.
(18) Flat bronze lid. Di. -06.
519) Eleven fragmentt of bronze Teaels.
ao) Fragment of bronze belL L. -08. W. •05. It ii decorated at regular
intervals with silTer (?) gilt cone-shaped bosses (H. .03, DL -03),
two of which are still attached to belt, and two are loose,
(ai) Two pieces of petrified bone. L. •09.
560. Various objects from the Amyclaeum.
a Bronze ram. L. «o6. H. •035.
Fragment of Mycenaean terra-cotta figurine. Fenude ; head, arms, and
feet broken off. Ordinary late Mycenaean type, crescent-shaped body
(of which the arms are the homs) on a columnar stand, the two legs
dose together ; breasts indicated by the attachment of two circles of
day with a dab of brown paint in the centre. Body decorated with
light brown oblique vertical stripes. Band of dark brown romid the
waist H. ^. W.^4.
(3) Four fragments of Mycenaean pottery : all pieces of handles; Two
show dark brown, and the other two light brown linear ornament
(4) Two fragments of coarse conunon ware.
All these were found during Taountas's excavations in 1890.
55L Vase fragments from the Tholos tomb at Vaphi6. Introd. § 3.
(i) Fifteen framents similar in stvle to the Cnossus Palace ware (Late
Minoan II). They show light and dark brown floral ornament on
pale brown clay,
(a) One piece of coarse thick momamented ware.
552. Figurines in lead. Introd. § 7. Fig. 79.
Fomid during Kastriotes' excavations at the Menelaeum in 1889.
Various types as follows: —
(z) Warriors with large round shidds, speaxi, and large crested helmets.
Fra^[ments of eignt of these shields only with attachments of limbs.
Size varies from .03 to '015 long. Patterns of shields, rajs (4),
concentric circles (2), concentric circles and ravs combined (i), St.
Andrew*s cross and Greek cross combined (wheel) (i).
(a) Female figures in long chitons girt at the waist and with long hair.
Body rendered en/ace, rest of figure in profile to the left Fragments
of three. H. •03.
(3) Oblongs pierced with squares ; two types (a) pierced with six sqnares.
H. oa. B. 01$ (one specimen), Cfi) pierced with four squares (one
specimen), 'Ois square. These have at the middle of one of the
shorter ends an attachment, which shows which end was originally
uppermost, and that they were fastened on to something else.
(4) Wreaths: or rather rayed rings. About a 74, either whole or in
fragments. The rays vary in shape, as also does the distance between
them. Usually the rays are narrow and pointed : in a few cases they
are clove-shaped : once or twice their place is taken by round Imobs,
and in two cases the rays are not cut out but merely stamped on a flat
band of metal outside the ring. There is a narrow ribbon-like attach-
ment (broken) to each wreath in two cases. One wreath by means
of this is still attached to a narrow curving bar. Di. 'Oi-^s*
(5) Fragment of palm (?) branch. 035 long.
(6) Plain leaden ring. Di. ^a5.
662 a. Figurines in lead. Introd. § 7. Fig. 79.
Found bj Philios on the right bank of the Eurotas near the garden
of Tagares.
(i) Warrior in profile to r. : shield decorated with concentric circles, spear,
and large crested helmet. H. •03 (one specimen).
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MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES 237
(a) Oblong pierced with six ■qnarei : attachment at one short end. H. -oa.
B. •015 (one specimen).
Oz in profile to right, on stand. L -oas* H. -oa.
(4) Wingra female figures. They wear long chitons, and high peaked caps :
iSdt wings cnrl np at the ends ; chiton ornamented with oblique or
Tcrtical net-work; all in profile to 1. Three laxge broken specimens,
H. •04 ; and one small, one complete, H. 'Og.
(5) Female ngnrea, votaries. Clad in long chitons decorated with vertical
and horizontal ribbed Imes ; the b^y is represented en face : they
wear big plumed hats, and carry in each hand 9l patera : all in profile
- to r. : they have long hair. About ten specimens. H. •035-^)3^.
(6) Eighteen wreaths ; all but one, which has round knobs, are with pointed
rays. Two are still attached by their supports to a narrow curving
bar : one is snudl (Di. -015), and the other large (Di. •oa5).
(7) A kind of cadiiceus. H. '034. At its bottom it was attached to
something.
662 b. Figurines in lead. Introd. § f.
STwo warrion, broken ; shields with ray pattern. H. -oas*
Four female figures in long chiton and high peaked caps. Three in
profile to 1., and one tn fact : chitons decorated with oblique net-
work. H. -o^s.
(is Two fragments of other unintelligible figures.
(4) Twenty-four wreaths or fragments of wreaths : four have round knobs,
the rest pointed rays : alThave attachment supports. Di. 'Oi^-oa.
56& Figurines and small vases fiom the Menelaeum : terra-cotta.
Found in Kastriotes' excavations, 1889 and 1900. Introd. § 6.
A. Figurines: none are complete: the heads have been broken from
whole figures.
(i) Seated archaic type : pinched bird-like &ce ; arms folded on breast ;
arms and eyes put on separately : one specimen, broken. H. •07.
Whiter, Antike TerrakoUen, IIP, p. a8, 9.
(a) Standing archaic male type : back b^t in ; pinched bird-like fiu:e ; eyes
put on separately. Three specimens. One has a crested hat: all
broken, tl. 'lo.
(3) Head of a figure similar to those classed under (a), but it wears a necklace
with a round stone hanging from its centre ; eyes and necklace put
on separately. H. 01. Winter, AntiMe Terrakotte$t^ III\ p. a6, 3.
(4) Man riding horse: much broken; clumsy late archaic work: one
specimen. L. -oS. H. -05.
!5) Horses : broken : clumsy late archaic work. L. -06. H. •04.
6) Male head: long hair; prominent nose; type of Apollo of Tenea:
one specimen. H. •os.
(7) Male head : long hair bdiind ; formal curls over forehead ; large staring
eyes ; heavy projecting jaws. Early fifth-centuiy work : one specimen.
H. -OS-
(8) Seated ^^dess: long hair; wears /^/w; arms rest on knees; wears
himation with heavy decorated edge ; clumsy work : one specimen.
H..08.
(9) Female head : wears stephane ; hair arranged in three rows of carls
over the forehead : one specimen. H. *o*i.
(10) Long-haired youthfid female figure, clad in short sleeved chiton, and
carrying on her head a hydria with a peaked lid. In four specimens
she holds the hydria with her right hand : in three specimens her
arms hang stiffly at her sides ; and in one specimen she holds with
both hands a fawn(?) before her. H. 'la (none complete, hollow
moulded). Winter, Antike TerrakotUn IIP, p. 157, Nos. i, 5, 8.
Figs. 83, 84, 85.
(11) Seated goddess, clad in a long chiton with diplois, right arm on breast,
left rests on knee ; throne high backed ; feet rest on footstool ; wean
paius ; hollow moulded : thm specimens. H. •oS and aa.
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SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
(ij) Veiled female ftgnre k loof diitoB and kinuitioB dfftwn over back of
head: three spedmena (i) ridit arm laid acroai waist, and left 00
ihoiilder» H. •17; (a) himatioo dimwn acroat at neck, H. 'OS; (3)
himation drawn acroat below breaitBy H. •16 : all hollow moulded.
ii3^ Female head, long hair ; wean/^Atx: ooetpecimen. H. •04.
14) Female head, hair in curia, himatioii oyer back of head : two specimens.
H. ^5.
(15) Female head, wearing helmet 00 back of head : one specimen (face only).
H.06. Hollow.
(16) Female figores in chiton, wigirt : right aim hangs at side, left arm
rests on hip ; hollow : two specimens. H. 'ii.
(ij) Female head : long hair, ear-rings, polus : one specimen. H. -oc.
(18) Female figures in chiton and himation : wear stephane ; arms hang at
sides ; hollow : two specimens. H. •14.
(19) Head, aged female: hair centre-parted and wa^ed away to sides:
hollow : one specimen. H. •04.
(ao) Male figore : legs only ; remains of drapery hanging behind ; hollow :
one specimen. H. aa.
(ai) Female figure in chiton and himation: headless; carrying with left
Fig. 83.
Fig. 84.
Fig. 85.
arm on shoulder a child; right arm on breast; hollow: one
specimen. H. .ii.
(a a) Female figure in done chiton: headless; arms hang at sides; hollow:
one specimen. H. .17.
(33) Female figure in chiton and himation (complete but much worn) ; wears
polus ; solid ; r. arm on breast ; 1. arm at side ; one specimen. H. •! i.
(34) Female torso in ribbed doric chiton : arms bent up at sides : one
specimen. H. ^o^^,
(a5) Feet, from complete figures: two specimens; one wears a sandal.
H. .08. L. .07.
(a6) Bird : one specimen. L. -07.
(a 7) Hand and arm, broken : one specimen. L. •06.
(aSS Two unintelligible fragments.
(39) Fragment of seated female figure dad in chiton and liimation. H. -i i.
B. Vases. Introd. §§ 4, 6.
(i) Cantharus shape: eight specimens ; size -035-^5 > o>^ unbaked of grey
clay ; two not true canthari, but more like two-handled cups ; aU
unpainted; handles do not come above the rim. Cf. 799 (i),
808 (i).
(a) Aryballus-shaped ; eight specimens ; size •04-^15 ; two black glazed,
the rest unpainted.
(3) Cups with two horizontal handles dose to bottom : nine specimens ;
size •045—03; eight black glazed and one covered with dark red
paint
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MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES ?39
(4) Sin^le-haiidled cvpt: two have verticid, and two horiaontal luuidles;
nze -oa—os ; one black glazed.
(5) Two-handled caps : five specimens ; four small, .03 high ; one laige,
H. .oas. Di -OK, and black glazed ; it has horizontal handles.
^6^ Lamp ; black glazed. H. -ot, Di. •04.
( 7 ) Three fragments of black glazed bowls.
fsS Whorl, and clay ball ; one specimen of each. PL -03 and -oa.
9) Small fragment of black Megarian bowl ; moulded ware. L "OS.
(10) Fragment of bowl with horizontal handles ; shows black and red-brown
linear ornament on yellowish slip ; thin, well-monlded ware. The
decorati(>n consists of a scroll pattern between two lines of dots on
the outward curvine^ np ; the handle at the top of the body springs
from a black belt, below this is a red-brown broadish belt between
two narrow black lines, and then springing ont from the base to
a narrow black line is a ray pattern.
(zi) Fonr fragments of handles, three of black glazed ware; and trefoil top
of a Idack oenochoe ; and seven odd vase fragments.
(I a) Tall three-handled cnp ; elongated hvdria shape. H. •09.
(13) Three fragments of a black glazed handle, stndded with flat found
knobs.
562. Miscellaneous lot of coins : thirty-nine bronze and one silver.
(i) Adiaean League ^^ "^^TflLP-^^H-L'*
i
Gallienus, mscr. GALLIENVS AVG. with head to r. : s.
(i) Jiev, Gallienus standing to r., VIRTVS AVG. Cohen, 664.
(a) Hev. Goddess standing to 1., holding shield, q}ear and bdmet,
VENERI VICTRICL Cohen, 55a
'3) Byzanthie ; miscellaneous : lo.
4) Venice ; colonial Issues : 10.
,) m^ble: a5.
670. Small lion : bronze. L. -05.
Now lost; was open mouthed; first noted as lost by Phillos.
688. Antefix: terra-cotta. H. -ao. B. af.
Between two acanthus stalks which curl outwards at the top into volutes
is a draped youthfial male bust. It appears to be of an Apollo type ; the
hair waves away to the sides, is tied in a crobylus on top, and fidls in long
locks on the shoulders. Late, sketchy work ; imperial period. Formerly
in house of Kechagias.
687. Pyramidal weight: teua-cotta. H. -14.
Top broken off, cf. 187, 886, ftc
687a. Pyramidal weight: terra-cotta. H. as.
Top broken off, cf. 187, 886, ftc.
687b. Pyramidal weight: rosso antico. H. 'lO.
Top broken away, cf. 187, 886, 8cc.
698. Various objects of bronze.
Found near Magula on the road to Varsova.
(i) Two bronze pigs. L. -05. H. •04.
(aS Bronze horse. L. •05. H. •06.
AH these three animals are shown in profile to the right ; at the bottom their
four legs are joined together to a kind of pomt as though they were
intended to be set in to some object.
^3) Fragment of small bronze plate. Di. '07.
C4) Fragment of terra-cotta tile. L tio. H. •07.
Complete above with an egg and dart pattern; below are remams of what
is apparently an Eros supporting one end of a garland ; badly damaged.
(5) Two pieces of iron.
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594. Nude female statuette : bronze. H. •14 ; mirror handle.
Cf. KOrte, Arch. Shidien H. Brunn dargebrachi, p. 25 seqq., and the
bronze found by Tsountas at the Amyclaeum, *£<^. *Apx* ^^9^9 P^ ' ;
De Ridder, Cat, des Bronzes^ 150; cf. Introd. § 5.
Feet dole together rest on a sanare base; hands raised above the head,
palms outwards and brought dose together ; hair apparently filleted and
arranged in formed carls. Not good work; late archaic period, earlj
fifth century B.c.
596. Stone hammer. L. •o8. Introd. § a.
Pale giecB stone.
696 a. Stone celL L. •04. B. •os. Introd. § a.
Dark greenish black stone with yellow veins. Foond at Hagios Basileios
near Xerokambi.
675. Antefix : terra-cotta. H. •as. L. ad.
Shows part of an acanthus scroll decoration ; imperial period.
678. Stone implement. L. -la Introd. § a.
Pole-axe shape ; of red stone.
679. Figurines in lead.
V. UfMKTucdf 1900, p. f 6, 6. Introd. § 7. Fig. 79.
Said by Geoigiades to have been found at Vavyka.
(i) Warriors with large crested helmet, shield and spear. H. -03.
(a) In profile to r. : three specimens ; two have the two-cross pattern on
tneir shields, and the other seven dots in a drcle.
(fi) In profile to 1. : six specimens ; four have simple ray patterns on their
shidds, one a plain central circle with rays outside combined with
seven dots, and one a plain shield. One has a double-crested
helmet,
(a) Female figures in long chitons, and hi|^ peaked caps ; holding paterae
bodies en face, H. .035.
(o) In profile to r.; four specimens; chiton has a vertical network
pattern.
(/)) In profile to L: two spedmens; chiton has an oblique network
pattern.
(3) Unintelligible object, two ribs spring out obliquely from a broadish
piece, and are joined across above by two attachments at regular
mtervals* L. -03.
680. Antefix, semicircular. L. •ag. H. -ai.
It shows a Medusa head of a young, refined type, en face, but slightly turned
to the left; long flowing ludr; marked bar; wings on head above. Un-
even late work.
685. Lamps: terra-cotta.
Found in tombs by Matallas on his land near Sparta.
(a) Large lamp. Di. a 8. Introd. § 4.
Solid handle with four holes pierced through it vertically, centre is sunk and
has a plain border. It shows Athena standing en face, but slightly turned
to the left. She wears a long chiton with Uie aegis and a helmet ; her
left hand rests on her spear held vertically at her side. Her shiekl leans
against a pillar on which sits an owl on her left. On her right is a table
with griffin (?) shaped legs ; on it is coiled a serpent to which Athena holds
out her right hand as though to feed it Above, on the left, appears the
branch of a tree. Much broken ; good work of third to second century &€.
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MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES 241
(fi) Small lamp. Di. -lo.
Half the sunken centre is broken away ; bat enough remains to decide the
subject. It shows the Dioscnri wearing pileos and chbtmys fSsdng each
other with their horses. Their right le^ are free. Only the right-hand
Dioscnms remains. Late work, not earber than first oentnry & c.
(y) Small lamp. Di. 'Of.
Sunken centre with hole in it ; dot border round edge ; in centre merely ray
pattern inside three concentric circles. Complete: imperial period. On
the bottom in low relief the inscription APKAD; probably the maker's
name.
688. Whetstone. L. 26.
Ellipsoid : of dark blue stone full of small holes.
698. Various objects fix>m the Amjclaeum : bronze and iron. Introd.
Ha, 6.
Found by Tsountas during his excavations in 1890.
g\ Twenty-nine pieces of bronse wire : armlets (f ).
) Fiye pieces of bronse rod with rings and round knobs projecting at
intervals.
(5) Piece of big bronze rod with three round knobs gradually decreasing in
size. L .iS.
S Piece round knobbed bronse handle. L. .055.
Four bronze rings. Di. •oa, H. .oi. Three plain bands of metal, one
of bronze wire wound spirally.
(8^ Horse's hoof, and lion's paw of bronse.
(9) Two pieces of bronse bands, one with a single, and the other with
a double anthemion pattern,
tio) Bronze knife blade. L •09.
(II) Bronze handle. L ao.
^la^ Bronze wheel (halO* Di. •14.
(1 31 Flat bronze ring. DL -oc.
(14) Bronze base. Di. •15, H. •05. Edge scotia shaped and bears an
anthemion pattern ; hoUow ; in centre a hole •os m diameter ; good
work.
(15) Iron knife. L .07.
(16) Sword blade, fragment, iron. L. .as, B. •04. Double edge,
(lyi Sword blade, fragment, iron. L. •19, B. •04. Double edge.
(18) Eleven bronse hair-piiu; various patterns, some with rings and some
with knobs at the end. L. •14.
(19) Obsidian knife. L. .035.
694. Figurines in lead. Introd. § ?. Fig. 79.
Found near the right bank of the Eurotas about the same place as
662 a.
(i) Winged female figure : one specimen. Clad in long chiton with oblique
network pattern ; body en fact \ long hair hailing down her back ;
wings curve genUy upwards, in profile to the left H. •04.
(a) Female figure armed with bow : one specimen. Wears long chiton with
a hatched pattern ; long hair hanging down the back ; peaked head-
dress ; in profile to left ; holds before her with both hands a bow and
jurrow as though in the act of stretching the bow. H. •04.
695. Silver coins.
Found on the right bank of the stream running north of Sparta,
(a) Athens, tetradrachms (527-430 b.c.) 3 : cf. B. M. C 46-61.
(i) Head of Athena, to r.: archaistic styles eve en faci\ helmet decorated
with three olive leaves, aud sprig of olive bdiind ; wean ear-rings ;
hair in two stiff loops above the eye.
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242 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
Rn. Owl, fticfaaic, to r. : abote oa left twig of olive widi two leaves and
an olive, and a nnall oaoea^ on r. xeadmg downwards AGE : all in
(t) Slaflarooin: oUve twig on hdmet more coily, and oUve leaves diinner ;
loops of hair hang over the eyebrow, and left-hand loop droops before
car.
JP#v. Similar, with similar inacriptioo; olive leaves longer, and olive
round.
(3) Similar coin: moie sptesd. Hair and olive twigs as 00 x, bat olive
leaves narrower, ear-rings laiger*
Rio, Similar to i, but more caitiessly eiecated.
ifi) Argos, diobol : x.
Head and fore qnaiteis of wolf to L; below wolTs head 90.
Rtv. 'k in inense. QL B,M.C>i^ seqq.
696. Stele: terra-cotta. H. *i$.
Hollow and pyramidal in ihape^ back rounded, top broken off. It shows
a nude youth mfacg (head lost). Round his left aim hanginf^ at his side
is some drapery; r. leg is free; he apparently rests his r^t arm on
a beam at his side holding in his rig^t hand some unintelligible object
formed of coils. Coarse work.
697. Female torso: terra-cotta. H. ax.
Head, arms, and legs lost ; dad in chiton with diplois, and himation on
left shoulder, fiutened on the right shoulder; back mudi bent in.
698. Female statuette: terra-cotta. H. -lo.
Legs only ; right leg free ; wean long chiton and himation. Found in the
garden of the Museum. Good work ; third to second century B.C
699. Female statuette : terra-cotta. H. ^ops.
Feet lost; dsd in a skirt, and a bodice with pn^ sleeves both fitting
tififatiy; veil-like cap on back of hesd; arms hai^ at sides. Covered
with creamy slip ; red stripe round edge of cap in front, and down each
ttde of bodice and skirt ; marked waist. Probably modem.
700. Female h^ : terra-cotta. H. ^os.
Left cheek, nose, month, and diin only.
70L Seven vases.
From Locris.
(a) Deej) two-handled bowl; blade glazed; handles horizontaL H. .11,
Di. .13. Good ware.
(fi'S Brown glased stemless kylix. H. .06, DL *io. Coarse ware.
(y) Brown glared kylix. H. .05, DL .08. Coarse ware.
(8) Bkckglased stemless Inrlbc. H. -05. DL .10. Good ware.
(c,C*7) Tmee two-handled (horizontal) cups; white slip, led-brown and
black linear ornament; belt of short vertical lines round top, rest
of decoration thick and thin horizontal belts. H. .03, Dl. .05.
Moderate work.
70Sa-f. Seven stone pounders. Introd. § 2.
Round, of compact greenish stone. One {a) is •04, six are ^oSs in dL ; some
flattened at top 9M bottom, others cuboid.
708. Stone knife. Introd. § 2.
Dark, slaty stone ; rounded wedge shape ; at pointed end is a hole bored.
L.*o6.
704. Whetstone.
Same stone as 703 ; oUoog, hole bored through in centre of one of the
short ends. L. .08, B. -oa.
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MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES 243
706. Terra-cotta spool.
Shaped Uke an 8 with perforadon at the waiit; black glased. L •05, B. <03.
For the glaxe, cC 792.
714. Human head, of mummy.
Provenance unknown.
788. Miscellaneous coins : one silver and sixteen bronze.
(a) Faustina senior : large, bronze : i.
Head to r., inscr. DIVA FAVSTINA.
Rev, Goddess standing en face holding sceptre in right and palladium in
left hand ; S. C. Cohen, a68.
(^) Constantine, Rome : small bronce : i.
Hehneted female head to 1. : inscr. VRBS ROMA.
Rev, Wolf to ]., suckling Romnlos and Remns, in exeigne S M K B.
Cohen, 13.
(f) Laconia: bronze: i.
Bearded head of Lycnxgos to r.
Rev. Club-cadnoens in wreath, inscr. A A Cf. B, M, C. 14.
BAfA
(d) Byzantine : silver : i ; bronze : 7.
Ify Venice : colonial, bronze : i.
{/) Illegible: bronze : 5.
788. Miscellaneous coins ; one silver and twelve bronze,
(a) Nnmerian : small, bronze : i.
Head to r., IMP. C. NVMERIANVS P. F. AVG.
Rev, Emporor and soldier sacrificing over an altar before the statne of
a goddess ; — NTIA TEMP ; in exergue xxi. Cohen, ai.
{b^ Venice; colonial, bronze : a.
\c) Byzantine: bronze: 4.
(</) Turkish: silver: i.
{e) Ionian islands : bronze: 4.
(/) German token (?) : bronze : i.
700. Miscellaneous fragments : bronze, iron.
Provenance unknown.
(x^ Piece of bronze chain. L. .05.
(a) Bronze ring. Di. •oa.
(3) Thirteen small pieces of bronze.
(4^ Three iron nails, and four smaU flat pieces of iron.
55) Ronnd knob of lead.
6) Root of stag's horn.
(7) Two vase handles, terra-cotta.
(8) Oenochoe; H. •ii ; coarse work, covered with red-brown glaze except
in centre where there is a belt of five narrow stripes.
(9) Piece of ronnd clay tile : L. ao (broken in two pieces) : on upper
surface are stamped a number of small rosettes.
(10) Blue mosaic tessera.
791. Miscellaneous terra-cottas and vases. Introd. § 4.
(a^ Antefix, semicircular ; H. •16 ; on it a Medusa similar to 680.
(/n Iion*s head spout. L. •09.
(7) Female statuette : in chiton and himatioD, r. leg ixee, L arm on waist,
r. hand to chin, haul lost H. .13.
SMale torso. L. -06. 1^, H. .07. arm, L. «o8.
Two p]rramidal loom weights; complete, holes bored through tops;
one -OS, and the other -oxi high.
(0 Head (upper part) of herm-like figurine, back hollow. H. -05.
(^ Black glazed aryballus. H. .os.
Iff) Two kylikes ; one blade glased, H. •05, DL -08, one red-brown paint on
reddish slip (uncoloured belt round centre of body), H. •07, DL •06.
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244 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
(0 MinUtnre hydiui with metallic black gUue on red; diree handles; in
panel on front hatched triangular ornament blade on red. H. •08.
For the fabric compare the fragments from the Amyclaeom, 70S.
(«) One-handled (hoiizontallT placed) cap; plain. H. .05, Di. .10. In it
a paper containing three mosaic tesserae, and five illegible small
bronze coins.
(A) Five fragmosts of black glaxed ware ; two with geometrical ornament,
the rest plain.
792. Tin containing vase fragments. Introd. § 4.
From the Amydaetmi.
Thirty-two fragments: about half of late geometric pottery, the rest 01
coarse local ware covered with a metallic glaze that varies from red-brown
to black. Cf. 718, 781 (c), 799 (9).
798. Tin containing vase fragments. Introd. § 4.
From the Amyclaemn.
A spout of an oenodioe, and two other fragments of geometric style. One
g^metric fragment showing a scroll pattern ; and a piece of a geometric
pithos showing a scroll pattern with the spaces filled with small dots.
A roller of coarse burnt day. L. .oy.
Two fragments of tiles showing a curving wing pattern with the stripes
consisting of black and red-brown alternately.
794. Figurines : terra-cotta. Introd. § 3.
From the Amydaeum : found during Tsountas's excavations in 1890.
A. Human.
(i) Mycenaean female type: sixty ordinary specimens. Legs joined together
into a column splaying out at base (in one case the base is bell-shaped) :
crescent-shaped body of which tne arms are the horns : pinched
bird-like head flattened on top. Eyes and breasts indicated, and in
many cases put on separately. DecoraticMi linear, consists principally
of zigzaff wavy lines, and straight lines variously combined. Paint ;
slip pinkish to pale vellow ; Unear ornament rendered in red, red-
brown, or brown-black lustrous paint H. 'la— 07.
Three specimens of same type unpainted. H. •! a— o6.
One n)ecimen, with columnar legs and body, and pointed aims set in at
right angles; head lost. H. •08.
One hand, grasping foot of a vase, may well be Mycenaean. The fingers
are well modeUed. On the wrist remains of a snake-like body,
possibly a snake drinking from the vase.
(a) Nude male torso : archaic Head, left arm, right leg, left foot and right
hand lost Solid, rudely executed. Right arm was upraised as though
brandishing something. H. • i a .
(3) Late terra-cottas ; two female heads; head of enthroned goddess; head
and shoulders of female fi^re in chiton and himation. Torso, right
leg free, hands at sides, miue (I). All much damaged.
B. Animal.
(i) Unpainted early terra-cottas.
Two rams ; one dog ; five cows, and one cow's head ; eight horses (t),
one horse's head with remains of bridle, piece of horse's body with
legs of rider. Clay grey to reddish ; greatest H. •07 ; greatest L. .10.
(a) Mycenaean.
(a) Small. Two cows; thirteen horses; all solid. Paint, red or red-
brown lustrous colour. L. •11—045, ^' '06—05.
(d) Large, hollow. Four cows* heads; fifteen pieces of quadrupeds'
bodies; eight legs. Decoration: linear ornaments of straight and
dgzag lines, scrolls, and rosettes. Slip pinkish ; paint lustrous red
to red-brown in colour.
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MISCELLANEOUS ANTIQUITIES 345
(3) Geometric (T). One whole bird with outstretched wfaies; and three
birds* heads, two laige and one smaU. Complete bird, L. •06, H. •06.
Colour, black-brown on pinkish slip. Ornament, rode linear.
796. Whorls, &c. Introd. § 4.
From the Amyclaeum. Found during Tsountas's excavations.
(x) Stone whorls: twenty-one specimens, all conoid in shape; of dark
purple steatite, and highly polished, probably by use.
(a) Bone whorl : one specimen, flat and rinje-like.
(3) Clay whorls: fourteen specimens; two flat and ring-shaped; nine conoid;
and three of a flat spherical shape.
(4) Clay whorl, with geometric ornament in black glaze paint. Eight conoid
specimens, one of which is hollow : six of a flat spherical shape.
(JS) Two clay rings with geometric ornament m black glaze paint.
(6) Stone aze ; pole-axe share ; of cirstalline limestone. L. •06.
(7) Fra^^ments of stone polisher; flattened sphere shape; of crystalline
bmestone.
797. Loom weights : teira-cotta.
From Tsountas's excavations at the Amyclaeum.
Seven specimens; of coarse day; pyramidal; holes bored through their tops.
H. •08— 01 a.
798. Vase fragments. Introd. §§ 3, 4.
From the Amjclaeum : found during Tsountas's excavations,
(i) Mycenaean.
(a) Cnossus palace style (Late Minoan II). Eight selected fragments (see
802) all diowmg bold floral patterns. Fabric rather tmck, but of
finer day than the corresponding Cretan jars ; probably local imitations.
Yellowish slip ; decoration in lustrous paint yaiying from red to brown.
(i) Mycenaean proper (Late Minoan IID. Eight fragments: fine fabric;
conyentionalized floral patterns; lustrous colour yarying firom red
to dark brown, which seems to be painted on the yase directly without
any slip. In one case white dots are added to the pattern.
With these is one firagment of thin ware coyered with black paint showing
a wayy leaf pattern m white.
(2) Geometric.
Forty fragments of trpical geometric potteiy. Paint, lustrous brown-black
applied directly to the clay which yaries m>m dull pale red to brick red.
Patterns show typical geometric motiyes, swastika, zigzag lines, hatched
triangles, oval dots, diamonds, meanders, and hatched crosses. They also
represent a procession of narrow-waisted, triangular-bodied nude men,
antelopes, long-necked and long-legged birds, and fish. Seyeral of the
fragments from their thickness and uiape seem to come fix>m large pithoi.
In one case six pieces formed part of a large yase round whose edge was
decoration consistin£ of meanders and antelopes (or horses!) arranged
alternately. In anoSier case, to judge by fabric, colour, and style, seyen
pieces come from a large pithoa decorated with men and birds.
(3) Corinthian.
One small fragment showing a flame and tongue pattern between two animal
friezes, possibly lions and griffins or sphinxes.
(4) Red figure.
A small fragment showing only part of a draped human figure.
799. Miscellaneous vases. Introd. § 4.
From Tsountas's excavations at the Amyclaeum.
SFiye small cantharus yases. H. -04-055. C£ 608, B. i.
Two-handled muf on four feet which are ornamented with deep-cut
incised lines. H. -09.
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246 SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
(5) Two flat drenltf dishes, ooe stands on four feet, incised line ornament.
£>i. •oS-^
(4) Two cops with one handle and a zoimd bottom, indsed line ornament.
H. •04--.05.
(5) Similar cap with six pointed knobs roand the body, no incised lines.
H. -04.
(6) Joe, incised circles. H. •01.
All these of common local fabric and uncertain date.
(7) Single-handled flask, red linear pattern. H. -05.
(8) One single-handled and one two-handled cap, red linear ornament
(scrolls, &c., Mycenaean in character). H. •04, Di. -05.
(9) Two round saucers, two-handled, geometric decoration in lustrous black
paint Di. -06-^.
(10) Two-handled cup, red-biown with white stripes round the body and
the lip. H..03.
(11) Fxagment of bowl of thick, coarse £abric: has red painted coil pattern
attached separately round the neck; on top it was pierced like
a strainer. L. .14.
800. Varions fragments from the Amjclaeum.
Found in Tsoontas's excavations in 1890.
(i) Two pieces from a lar^e terra-cotta pithos. Moulded lip, with projecting
dentil ornament, c^oured with red and blade lustrous colours. L. -i i
and .16.
Fragment of circular like stamped with rosettes. L. .i^.
Piece of circular stamp showing geometric linear patterns. H. •06.
Three antefixes, terra-cotta; anthemion patterns; late work. H. •13,
15, 16.
(5) Three fragments of yellow glazed pottery with pattern in green and
brown. Turkish I
(6) Base of white glazed bowl with linear pattern in blue. Turkish f
801. Box containing potsherds from the Amjclaeumu
Found during Tsountas's excavations. A large quantity of unimportant vase
fragments mostly unpainted, also a packet of bronze coins in very bad
condition.
802. Box containing fragments from the Amyclaeumu Introd. § 3.
Found during Tsountas's excavations. Contents : a large Quantity of vase
fragments in very bad condition, apparently similar in style to 708, i a;
Quantity of miscellaneous iron and bronze fragments all very broken and
damaged, including many bronze rings (of mese objects 688 is a fair
sample).
808. Miscellaneous vases, &c : terra-cotta. Introd. § 4.
Found near Magula.
(i) Three small cantharus-shaped vases. H. .04. Cf. 668, B. i, and 700, i.
(a) Three two-handled vases smiilar to 668, B. $. H. -03. Painted Uack.
(5) Flattened spherical loom weight H. •04.
Lf) Hydria; three-handled. H. .08.
(5; Torso and legs of nude male figurine, right leg free, very badly damaged
and bad work. H. "Op.
(6) Roman lamp : in centre horse galloping to r. ; round lim squares and
rosettes alternately. L. . i a.
(7) Christian lamp: in centre studded cross; round rim studded scroll
pattern. L. .ii.
Two fragments of a lamp, and four fragments of small ^
Plain bowL Di. .18.
(ib) Fragment of bowL Di. -18.
804. Stuffed crocodile.
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INDEX
Tke nuimiers given are those of the Museum.
BRONZES.
Axnydaeum, 660 (i), 608, 808.
Brooch, 406.
Fragments, 640 (14-20), 698 (3),
808 (3-14), 790 (1-3), 80a.
Griffin, head, 616.
Hone, 608 (a), 608 (a).
Knife, 618 (xo).
Lion, 670.
Mirror handle, 604.
Oxen, 608 (i).
Pigs, 698 (i).
Pins, 698 (18).
Ram, 660 (i).
Statuette, female nude, 694.
Sword, 688.
COINS.
Achaean League, 668 (i).
Amjclaeum, 80L
Argos, 696 (b).
Athens, 696 (a).
Byzantine. 40e(e), 617(g), 668 (3),
788 (d), 789 (c).
Constantine, 406 (c), 788 (b).
Faustina senior, 788 (a).
Galerius, 617 (e).
Gallienus, 617 (b), 668 (a).
German token ?, 780 (f).
Hadrian, 406 (a),
nicgible, 406 (g), 617 (g), 668 (5),
788 (0> 80L
Ionian islands, 617 (g), 789 (e).
Laconia, 406 (d), 617 (f), 788 (c).
Macrianus, 617 (d).
Mazimianus, 406 (b).
Numerianus, 789 (a).
Rolemj Euergetes, 617 (g).
Salonina, 617 (a).
Sicyon, 617 (g).
Turkish, 789 (d).
Venice, 406 (f), 668 (4), 788 (e),
789 (b).
Volusianus, 617 (c).
MISCELLANEOUS OBJECTS.
Amyclaeum, 796, 797.
Bone, 649 (a-8, 13).
Crocodile, stuffed, 804.
Glass bottle, 880.
Horn, 790 (6).
Iron, 649 (11), 698 (s), 790 (4),
808.
Lamp, 668 (b), 686, 808 (6, 7).
Lead, 649 (9, 10), 698 (15, 17).
figurines, 668, 668 (aX 668 (b),
679,694.
Loom weighU, 197, 886, 869, 687,
791 (c), 797.
Menelaeum, 668, 668.
Mummy, head, 714.
Obsidiui, 698 (19).
Stone implements, 696| 696 (a)
678, 708. 70a
Tomb, contents, 649.
Whetstone, 688, 704.
Whorls, 796.
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248
SPARTA MUSEUM CATALOGUE
TERRA-COTTAS.
Amjdaeum, 660, 794.
Antefix, 46, 847, 688, 676, 680,
791 (o).
Apollo, 688.
DioBcuii, 847.
Dog, 649 (i).
Eros, 46.
Geometric (?), 794 b (8).
Head, female, 486, 791 ({).
Lion's head, 791 ifi).
Medusa, 680, 791 (a).
Menelaemn, 668.
Statuettes:
Animals, 668 a (5), 668 a (26),
794 b.
Archaic, 668 a (1-4).
Female, 668a (9-19, 21-24, 29),
697, 698, 699, 700, 791 (y),
794 a (3).
Male, 278, 668 a (6, 7, 20),
791(8), 794 a (2).
Mjcenaean, 660 (2), 794.
Stele (?), 696.
TUe, 698 (4).
Tool, 706.
VASES.
Amphora, 169, 890.
Amydaeum, 660, 792, 798, 798,
799, 800, 801, 802.
Canthanis, 668 b (i), 799 (i),
808 (i).
Corinthian, 798 (3).
Fragments, 792, 798, 801, 802.
Geometric, 791 (i), 792, 798,
798 (2), 799 (9).
Locrian, 701.
Menelaeum, 668 b.
791
Miscellaneous, 790 (7, 8),
(17-X), 799, 800, 808.
Mycenaean, 660(3), 661, 798 (i),
802.
Pithos, 891.
Fragment, 198, 199, 620.
Red figure style, 798 (4).
Relief, on handle, 848.
On pithos, 620.
Vaphi6, 66L
CASTS AND PHOTOGRAPHS
For the convenience of directors of cast museums and archaeological
libraries, &c, the following lists are given.
CASTS.
Obtainable from the Royal Museum^ BerUn.
Sparta
Mnscmii.
Cat No. Mould No.
Berlin Cat No.
(from Sparta).
Mould No.
I
4
781 1296
782 X297
731 421
732 42*
1378
1303
It is said that the first two casts are from moulds by Martinelli, which
were bought after his death when his collection of moulds was sold by
auction in Rome. What became of his other moulds is apparently not
known. At Sparta he also cast Nos. 3, 6, 27, 94, 201, 301, 307, 316,
319, 415, 450, and at Dhimitzana the Timocles and Aristocles reliefs.
Casts of all these are extant at Berlin and in many other Museums.
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CASTS AND PHOTOGRAPHS
249
PHOTOGRAPHS.
English Photographic Company :
Messrs, Beck and Barth^ Athens.
Sparta Museum. CaL No.
I A and B i, 2
4 4
468 3
German Archaeological Institute^
Athens,
Spaita Mnseam.
Invent. No.
6
2787
20
7473
49 a
7472
51a
7469
136
2822
293
2820
364
7471
416
2789
450
3730
468
585
665
37*9
594
3728
708
2791, 2792, 2823
717
7470
Obtainable from Helknic L
lUMoseum.
Invent Ni
I A
7501
I B
7602
2
7503
2
7504
3
7606
27
7505
39 a
7506
89
7507
90
7507
94
7508
140
7508 a
156
7509
170
7509
201
7610
202
76IO
203
7510
257
75"
3*5
76"
325 (Profile)
7513
326
7514
356
7516
364
7516
364 (Profile)
7517
413
7506
British School^ Athens.
Hellenic Society^ 22 Albemarle Street^ London^ IV.
Spaita Museum. Inyent. No.
Geraki Relief (Introd. Sculpt. § 3 N)
Dhimitzana, Timocles Relief
,, Aristocles Relief
441
7518
44a a
7519
447
7520
464 8
76ai
492
7506
604
7507
505
7505
613
7522
520
7533
663 (10)
7523
675
7524
576
7626
580
7526
588
7527
594
7523
600
7504
655
7528
683
7639
710
7622
717
7630
737
7509
739
7531
763
7528
f) .
763«
.
7533
7533
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