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FTTCXS VRiCHTbUNMNC 1
BEQUEST
UNIVERSITY „r MICHIGAN
t, GEKERAL LIBRARY ___&
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I
T*>«C'iG m -rD>c : <r*. r\ » > J fzfyc^C c$
j-
A COLLECTION
OP
•^ TREATIES, EMAGEIENTS, MD SUMUDS,
RELATING TO
INDIA AND NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES.
VOL. I
CONTAINING
THE TREATIES, &c, RELATING TO BENGAL, BURMAH,
AND THE EASTERN ARCHIPELAGO.
CALCUTTA:
PRINTED BY SAVTELLE AND CRANENBURGBT,
BENGAL PRINTING COMPANY LIMITED.
,".»!
ghana. We«t Bengal. I
1862..
,- 4
"3~X
9 •
1
i
PREFACE..
**^*^^*0»****^+^^^m0*^^**^*
This Book has been compiled from Official Paper3 ia the
Foreign Office, and is intended chiefly for official, use.
In preparing the Compilation free use has been made of the
collection of Treaties published in 1845, and reprinted as a
Parliamentary Blue Book in 1853, as well as of a collection
published in 1812, from which most of the earlier Treaties in
the collection of 1845 were taken.
In many cases the Historical Notes consist of Official Reports,
with merely such alterations as were required to throw them
into a»form suitable for a Book of this kind. Where this is
the case, it is acknowledged at the head of the note.
1** March 1862.
'i.
•
F.
!
■
•
►
t
I
i
I
i
i!
\
i \
\
^»
• •
-CONTENTS.
^*^^**0+*******+***+*^^^^^^**+,
PART I.
Page.
1 to
75
• •■
6
• •
10
• • •
11
• • •
►0 ... #
29
39
• • •
46
• • •
50
■ ••
55
•••
56
••■
60
• • •
66
•••
68
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, and SUNNUDS relating to the
TERRITORIES COMPRIS1D WITHIN, or in POLITICAL RE-
LATION WITH, the LIEUTENANT-GOVERNORSHIP op BEN-
GAL.
J3 IjIH VJ*\ Ij #•« ••• ••• • •• ••• •••'
I. Treaty with Sooraj-ood Dowla, 9th February 1757..
II. Treaty, Offensive and Defensive, 12th Februaiy 1757
III. Treaty with Meer Jaffier, 1757
* IV. Convention with the Dutch, 1759
V. Guaranteed Agreement between the Dutch and the Nabob, 1760
VI. Treaty with Cossim Ali, 27th September* 1760
VII. Treaty with Meer Jaffier, 10th July 1763
VIII. Meer Jaffier's Note of 16th September 1764
* JX. Treaty with Nujjum-ood Dowla, 20th February 1765
X. Grant of Dewanee of Bengal, &c, 1765
g^XI. Treaty with Syf-ood Dowla, 19th May 1766
XII. Treaty with Moobarik-ood Dowla, 21st March 1770
• XIII. Treaty with Denmark of 22nd February 1845. Cession of
% Serampore ... ... ... ... ... ... ...* ... 70
v/Av/liAIv ... ... ... •«• ... ... ... 76 to 81
XIV. Treaty of 6th March 1824 78
XV. Engagement with Toola Ram Senaputtee, 16th October 1834
JYNTIA AND COSSIAH !
XVI. Treaty with Jyntia, 1824
XVII. Treaty with Rajah of Cherra Poonjee, 10th September 1829
XVIII. Agreement for Cession of Cherra Poonjee
XIX. Agreement with Sirdars of 'Byrung Poonjee, 1829
XX. Cession of additional lands at Cherra Poonjee, 1830
XXI. Lease of Coal Hills at Cherra Poonjee, 1840
XXII. Lease of Coal fields of Byrung Poonjee, 1840
XXIII. Agreement with Chief of Cherra Poonjee, 1857
XXIV. Treaty with Teerut Sing of Nungklow, 182&
XXV. Agreement with Rujan Sing, 1834 ... •
XXVI. Conditions imposed on Bur Sing, 1860
i*.
•••
I ...
80
82 to
120
. . •
85
...
87
••
.89
...
9fl
...
91
•••
92
• ..
93
&.
95
• • •
96
« • •
97
• ••
99
VI CONTENTS.
Page.
• JYNTIA AND COSSIAH.— (Continued.)
# XXVII. Agreement with Bur Manik of Moleem, 1830 100
XXVIIL Agreement with Meelay Sing, 1861 .• ... 102
«~ XXIX. Agreement with Marriow, 1829 • ... 103
^ XXX. Agreement with Ramrye, 1829 104
XXXI. A greemewt with Ramrye, 1835 • m 106
XXXII. Agreement with Cherra Poonjee, 1829 107
XXXIII. Agreement with Cherra Poonjee, 1851 108
XXXIV. Agreement with Mowsumum, 1831 ... " 110
XXXV. Agreement with Maleram, 1839 • Ill
XXXVI. Per wannah to Chief of Maleram, 1852 113
XXXVII. Agreement with Mullaipoonjee, 1832 ... ..- 114
XXXVIII. Agreement with Bhawulpoonjee, 1832 115
XXXIX. Agreement with Senaipoonjee, 1832 » ... 117
XL. Agreement with Jeerung, 1841 ... 118
XLI. Perwannah to Chief of Mowlungpoonjee, 1857 119
XLII. Agreement with Sooparpoonjee, 1829 • 120
MUNNIPORE 121 to 125 ff
XLIII. Agreement of 18th April 1833 122
XLIV. Agreement regarding Kubo Valley, 1834 124
•
ASSAM 126 to 141
XLV. Treaty with Rajah Surgye Deo, 1793 * ' .. 127
XLVI. Engagement with Poorunder Sing, 1833 ... 132
XLVII. Engagement with the Muttocks, 1826 134
XLV1II. Engagement with the Muttocks, 1835 136
XLIX. Engagement with the Khamptees, 1826. .... ... ^37
L. Engagement with the Khamptccs, 1843 138
LI. Engagement with the Singphoos ... 139
BOOTAN 142 to 150
LII. Treaty of Peace, 1/74 143
LIII. Agreement regarding Kooreapara Doar, 1844 145
LIV. Agreement with Rooprye and Shergaiah Booteas 14G
LV. Agreement with the Akas 148
LVI. Agreement with the Akas 149
to
COOCH BEHAR 151 to 153
LVIL Treaty of 1773 151
SIKKIM 1^4 to 167
LVIII. Treaty of 10th February 1817 157*
LIX. Cession of Darjeeling, 1st February 1K35 161
LX. Treaty of 1861 , t'6.
•
• •
CO
TH
SOUTH WE?T FRONTIER _ _ _ _ 1«» to i*f
T.XI. A g r eem e nt with Raignrh. 25th May 1>19 _ — _ 172
LXJL ^»i cemen t with Film 17th Feferary 1*27 -~ 173^
LXHL Agreement with Scmbvlporc 2±sd Fe&rsaxy 1*27 — t5.
LXIY. Agreement with Sinrsoith. 15ch J*se 1*2» _ _ — Ylt ^
LXV. Agreement with Sirgo^ah, 2lth Fehrncy 1*25 \_ _ - _ 175
LXYL Agreement with Jashpore. 8*h Jane 1*19 — — — _ **
LXYIL Agreement with Kara, 24sh Decesber 1*19 __ _ _ 17*
LXVIIL Agreement with Koci*. 3rd Jcwt IMS _ _ _ — _ *.
LXIX. Agreement with Oodeypore, 12th December 1«» _. ^ mmm 179
•T.XX. Agreement with Rorahant, is Sisg&fcoaBa. 1ft Fe&rcary 1*» «. 1*1
T.XXT. Agreement of Lark* Coie* in 1*21 ... _ _ _ .- 1*2
CUTTACK TRIBUTARY MEHAIS __ - _ ISi to IS*
LXXFL Engagement with Mohnrmmj of Cnttack, 1ft Jmm* 1*29_ _ 1*4
LXXin. Engagement with Keonjhnr of Orisaa. 16th Deeeaher 19W - 1SS
LXXIV. Counter En gjg n m e u t with Keenjbnr of OrLaa. lgth Dtecgmher 1*#3 1ST
LXX V. Treatr^ngagement with Xnzsingpore, dated 24th Xcrember 1S03 1 SS
LXXVL Counter Engagement with Xmsngpcxe. 22nd Xorember 1*#3 _ 191
LXXVH. Treaty with Dmspnllah ...._____ 192
LXVLIL Treair with Bood and AntmnTikw. 3rd March l^M _ _ 195
I.XXIX, Engagement with Xarsngpore for the Sappreaaea of Sattee _ 197
PAET n.
TREATIES A3a> ENGAGEMENTS with BURMAH.
LXX^k Treaty of Commerce with Ara in 1795-96 ... ... 20-3
LXXXL Treaty of Peace and Friendship with At*, 24thFetnary 1%36 _ 213
LXXXTT. Commercial TreatT with ATa. 23rd Norember 1*2* ~ _ 218
LXXXni. Agreement regarding the Kabo Valley, 9th Jaasary 1S3I ... T2)
pabt in.
TREATIES axd ENGAGEMENTS with the NATIVE STATES or
the MALAYAN PENINSULA ato the ISLAND ow SUMATRA^ •
AND WITH SIAM.
MALAYAN PENINSULA
LXXXIV. Treaty with Netherlands, 1824
LXXXY. Treaty with Naning, 1801 ...
... 223 U> 2ff>
... '.. r*
~ 251
via
CONTENTS.
Page.
fxxxvi.
LXXXVIL
LXXXV1II.
LXXX1X.
XC.
XCI.
XCII.
XCI1I.
XCIV.
xcv.
XCVI.
XCV1L
XCVIII.
XC1X.
c.
CI.
CIL
cm.
CIV.
CV.
CVI.
CV1I.
I..
MALAYAN PENINSULA .—(' Cbntinued .)
Agreement with the King of Quedah, 1786 ...
Treaty with the King of Quedah, 1791 ,
Treaty with the King of Quedah, 1802
Treaty with Perak, 1818
Engagement with the King of Perak, 1825
Engagement with the King of Perak, 1826
Engagement with the King of Perak,' 1826
Supplementary Engagements of the Rajah of Perak, 1826
Treaty of Commerce with Salengore, 1818
Agreement with Salengore, 1825
Treaty with Rumbowe, 1831 ... •«. ... , v
Treaty with Rumbowe, 1832
Rumbowe Boundary Agreement, 1833
Boundary Treaty with Johole, 1833
Treaty with Johore, 1818
Treaty with Johore, 1819
Agreement with the Sultan of Singapore, 1819
Treaty with the Sultan and Tumungong of Johore, 1824
Treaty between the Sultan and Tumungong of Johore, 1855.
...
255
. * *
257
. • .
260
...
263
...
266
...
267
...
268
. . .
271
. • •
27a
...
275
• .<
277
...
281
.*•
285
...
2fe6
...
287
. . •
290
...
293
. . «
295
...
300
SUMATRA L
... 302 to 308
Treaty with the King of Acheen, 1819 303
Engagement from the Sultan Panglima of Delly, 1823 306
Engagement respecting the Currency of Delly and the Batta
Countries, 1823
LANGKAT ...
... ... ... ... ... ... ... OVsO
... ... , v ... .. 309 \o 314
CVIII. Engagement by the Rajah of Langkat, 1823 309
C1X. Treaty of Commercial Alliance witfi the King of Siak, 1818 ... 310
CX. Engagement by the King of Siak, 1823 312
CXI. Schedule of Import and lixport Duties at Siak, 1823 314
0-l^^«-<l ... ... ... ... ... •••
CXII. Treaty with-Siam, 1827
CXIII. Commercial Treaty of I827. %
CXIV. Treaty of 1855
CXV. Agreement of 1856
CXVI. Treaty of 1831 with Ligor
• a.
315 to 355
...
...
316
. • .
...
325
...
•••
329
• ..
...
339
<••
• • •
354
• •
PART I.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENT^ AND SUNNFDS
RELATING TO THE
TERRITORIES COMPRISED WITHIN, OR IN POLITICAL
RELATION WITH,
THE
LIEUTENANT-GOVERNORSHIP OF BENGAL.
BENGAL.
Mr 1599 an Association was formed to trade with the East Indies*
and on 31st December 1600 they obtained an exclusive Charter of
privilege, constituting them a body politic and corporate, by the name
of " The Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading to
the East Indies," m
The Company's first factory was established at Surat
In 1624 a Firmaund was obtained from the Mogul Emperor, permitting
the English to trade with Bengal, but restricting them to the port of
Piplee, in Midnapore. The regular connection of the Company with,
Bengal, however, did not commence till 1642, when a factory was
established at Balasore; and in 1652 permission was obtained for
unlimited trade, without payment of customs, on an annual payment
of 3,000 Rupees. #
2 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL, In 1661 Charles II. granted a new Charter, vesting the Company
With power to make peace or war with any Prince not Christian, and
to seize and send to England unlicensed traders. A fresh Charter was
again granted in 1693, confirming the exclusive privileges ofUhe Com-
pany for twenty-one years. In 1 698 a rival Company was formed, known
• as the new or " English Company," which amalgamated with the old
or " London Company" in 1702, and the two parties took the name of
" The United Company of Merchants trading to the East Indies."
During the administration of Shaista Khan, Subadar of Bengal,
•• the English were subjected to much oppression. Shaista Khan exacted
a duty of 3 \ per cent, on their merchandize, and his Officers arbi-
trarily extorted large sums from the factors, till in 1685 it was
resolved to seek redress by force of arms. The hostilities of the
English exasperated the Emperor Aurungzebe, who ordered that the
English should be expelled from his dominions. The Company's
factories were seized, and their affairs were brought to the brink of
ruin, when negociations for peace were set on foot, and a reconciliation
was effected.
In 1698 the English obtained permission from Azeem-oos Shah,
grandson of Aurungzebe, and Governor of Bengal, to purchase the
towns of Chuttawutty, Govindpore, and Calcutta. The Sunnud is
not supposed to be extant ; but it is more a matter of antiquarian
interest than of historic importance.
In 1756 Serajah Dowla became Subadar of Bengal. He had
previously manifested aversion to the English* The Governor of
Calcutta having refused to deliver up one of the principal Officers of
Finance under the Nabob's late uncle, the •Governor of Dacca, whom
the Nabob had resolved to plunder, Serajah Dowla attacked and
captured Calcutta on 5th August. One hundred and forty-six
English fell into his hands and were thrust«into "The Black Hole,"
where all save twenty-three perished in the night. On 2nd January
v t «. 1757 Calcutta was re-taken by a force which had been despatched from
cMadras under Clive and Admiral Watson, and on the 4th of February
the Nabob's Army was surprised and defeated by Clive. Overtures
■were then made by the Nabob, and on 9th February 1757 a Treaty
(No I.) was concluded, by which the Nabob agreed not to molest the
Company in the enjoyment of their privileges, to permit sdl goods
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SDNNUDS. 3
belonging to the Company to pass freely by land or water, without bengal.
paying any duties or fees, to restore the factories and plundered
property, to permit th§ Company to fortify Calcutta, and to establish
a mint. ?hree days after a Contract (No, II.) with the Nabob, offen-%
sive and defensive, was signed.
War having broken out between France and England, Clive attack- •
ed the Settlement of Chandernagore. Serajah Dowla furnished the
French with arms and money, and was preparing to make common
cause against the English. At this juncture a Confederacy was formed
among Serajah Dowla' s Chief Officers to depose him. The English —
joined this Confederacy, and concluded a Treaty (No. III.) with"
Meer Jaffier Ally Khan. •
At the battle of Plassey, which was fought on 23rd June 1757, the
power of Serajah Dowla was completely broken, and Jaffier Ally was
installed by Clive as Subadar of Bengal.
In 1758 the Shahzada, afterwards Shah Allum, having, in conse-
quence of some dispute with his father, the Emperor Aalum Geer II.,
fled from D^lhi, entered into a league with the Subadars of Oudh
and Allahabad for the conquest of the Lower Provinces. The
Prince advanced into Behar with about 40,000 men, and laid siege
to Patna.
Meer Jaffier was greatly alarmed by the Prince's advance, and at
his solicitation Clive marched with all the force he could muster to *
the relief of Patna ; but ere he reached that place the Shahzada's
Army Jjad almost entirely dispersed.
On Clive's return the Nabob Meer Jaffier granted him as a jagheer,
the quit rent, about three lakhs per annum, which the Company
had agreed to pay for the zemindary of Calcutta.*
In 1759 an Armament of seven sliips from Batavia unexpectedly made
its appearance in the mouth of the river. Jaffier Ally had secretly
encouraged the Dutch to send this force. Being afraid of the power
of the English, he wished to balance that of the Dutch against it, ##
while The latter were eager to share in the wealth which the British^
had acquired in Bengal. Clive, though sensible of the responsibility
he would incur by attacking the forces of a friendly power, was satisfied
* See Appendix.
• • •
4
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL, that if he allowed the Batavian Armament to join the garrison* at
Chinsurah, the Nabob would throw himself into the arms of his new
* allies, and the English ascendancy in Bengal # would be exposed to
gerious danger. To prevent this, he obtained from the fefcrs of the
IJabob a Mandate, directing the newly arrived Armament to leave the
• river. Under the authority of this order, and the pretext of enforcing
it, Clive caused the Dutch to be attacked both by land and water.
They were completely defeated on both, and all their ships were taken.
A Convention (No. IV.) was then signed, by which the Dutch agreed
— to pay indemnification for losses, and the English to restore the ships
and property.
An Agreement (No. V.) was at the same time mide between the
Nabob and the Dutch, which was guaranteed by the Governor in
Council of Fort William.
To meet his pecuniary engagements, JafBer had recourse to the
severest exactions. He resigned himself to unworthy favorites ; and it
became necessary to depose him in favor of his son-in-law, Meer
Kossim Ally Khan, with whom a Treaty (No. VI.) was concluded on
27th September 1760. By this Treaty the British obtained possession
of Burdwan, Midnapore, and Chittagong.
Serious disputes arose between Meer Kossim ttnd the English
regarding the right of the servants of the Company to trade and to have
their goods passed free of duty, which led at last to war. Negocia-
tions were opened with Meer Jaffier, and on 10th July 1763 a Treaty
( No. VII.- ) was executed between him and the Company u Meer
Kossim, after sustaining a series of defeats, and revenging himself by
the murder of his English prisoners, fled* to Oudh, and eventually
to Delhi, where he died in great indigence and obscurity in 1777.
In 1764 Meer Jaffier agreed (No. VIII.), in addition to the sums
for which he had contracted in the recent Treaty, to pay five lakhs a
K month towards the expense of the war then being carried on against
* * * the Vizier of Oudh, so long as it lasted.
- Meer Jaffier died in January 1765, and was succeeded by his son
Nujum 6 Dowla, with whom a new Treaty (No. IX.) was formed,
by which the Company took the military defence of the country
entirely into its own hands, and among other conditions the Nabob
bound himself to appoint, by the advice of the Governor and Council,
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 5
a Deputy to conduct the Government, and not to be removed without bengal.
the consent of the Council. ^,
In 1764 Suja 6 Dowla, the Vizier of Oudh, under the pretence
of assistirijgj Meer Kossim Ally, had invaded Behar, but his Armg
was completely routed, and the Vizier was obliged to throw himself
on the generosity of the English. The whole # of his dominions •
were restored to him, except Allahabad and Corah, which were given
to the Emperor of Delhi, who, on his part, conferred tne Dewanee
of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa on the Company, by Imperial Firmaund
(No. X.) ; the English becoming security for the regular payment of -•
twenty-six lakhs a year by the Nabob, and agreeing to allow the
Nabob the annual sum of 53,86,131 Sicca Rupees for the support
of the Nizamut.
Nujum 6 Dowla died on 8th May 1766, and was succeeded by
his brother Syef 6 Dowla, a youth of sixteen. A Treaty (No XI.)
was formed with him, by which he ratified the Treaties formerly
concluded with his father and brother, and the Company agreed to
support him in the Nizamut, and to allow him an annual stipend of
41,86,131 Rupees.
Syef 6 Dowla was succeeded in 1770 by his brother Mobarik 6
Dowla, with whom a new Engagement (No. XII.) was made. By
this engagement the Nabob's stipend was fixed at 31,81,991 Rupees.
This is the last Treaty which was formed with the Nabob. The office
of Subadar had now become merely a nominal one, all real power
"having^ passed into the hands of the Company. In 1772 the stipend
was reduced to sixteen lakhs a year, at which rate it is paid to this day.
By the Treaty of 22nd*February 1845 (No. XIII.), with Denmark,
the British Government obtained possession of Serampore.
6
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL.
No. I.
•9
8
No. I.
Treaty and Agreement with Serajah Dowla, 1757.
Monsoor ul Mulck
Serajah Dow la Shah
Kuly Khan Behauder,
Hybut Jung,
Servant of
King Aakim Geer,
the Invincible.
<S R
c> a> w
^5
R
List of Demands.
Article 1.
That the Company be not molested upon account of such
privileges as have been granted them by the King's
Firmaund and Husbulhookums, and the Firmaund and
Husbulhookums in full force.
That the villages which were given to the Company
by the Firmaund, but detained from them by the Soubah,
be likewise allowed them, nor let any impediment or
restriction be put upon the Zemindars. t
•^
Article 2.
That all goods belonging to the English Company, and
having their Dustuck, do pass freely by land or water, in
Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, without paying any duties or fees
of any kind whatsoever; and that the Zemindars, Chokey-
dars, Guzerbauns, &c, offer them no kind of molestation
upon this account.
Article 3
^ s>
"S»
treaties, engagements, and sunnuds. 7
Article 3. bengal.
__ ... - ^ No. I.
That restitution be made the Company, of tJreir
"S *~ ts factories and settlements at Calcutta, Cossimbazar,
§^o ' Dacca, &c, which have" been taken from them. %
"2 5 £ That all money and effects taken from the English
*5 fe -S Company, their factors and dependeMts, at the several
§ rS "3 settlements and aurungs, be restored in the same condi-
"g °» tion. That an equivalent in money be given for such
~* 2» vS
"^ S goods *as are damaged, plundered, or lost, which shall
^ §> be left to the Nabob's justice to determine.
\ Article 4.
^5 That the Company be allowed to fortify Calcutta
S ^ in such a manner as they shall esteem proper for their
2 *
^»
°" defence, without any hinderance or obstruction.
S ^"^ Article 5.
*** ^
^ fj ^ 3 That siccas be coined at Allenagur (Calcutta) in the
jr.q'j same manner as at Moorshedabad, and that the money
e "" | -S struck in Calcutta be of equal weight and fineness with
•~ .§ **s that of Moorshedabad. There shall be no demand made
3 2 •§ for a deduction of Batta.
| J 1 1 Article 6.
]S *§ fc$ That * these proposals be ratified in the strongest
* ^ * ^ manner, in the presence of God and his Prophet, and
"** r? "S "§ * signed and sealed to by the Nabob, and some of his
Vrf* 45 « principal people.
On condition that
an Agreement, under And Admiral Charles Watson and Colonel
md C TneT J b S "'the Clive P romi3e > in behalf of the En S lish Natio . n >
Company's Council, and of the English Company, that from hence- 4
and sworn to accord- forth all hostilities shall cease in Bengal, and the
ing to their religion, Englisll will a l wavs remain in peace and friend-
the* Articles °which °I shi P with the Nabot) > as lon g ™ these Articles are
have countersigned. kept in force, and remain unviolated.
8
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL.
No. I.
Aaz ul Mulck,
Morad ul Dowla,
Nowrish Ally Khan
Behauder,
Zahooar Jung,
a servant of
King A alum Geer,
the Invincible.
i 4
Meer Jaffier
Khan JBehauder,
a servant of
King Aalum Geer,
the Invincible.
Rajah Doolundram
Behauder,
a servant of
King Aalum Geer,
the Invincible.
CO
Agreement of the Company, signed by the Governor and Committee, the 9th of
February 1757. (19th Jamadee-ul-awal, 1170.) fc
We, the East India Company, in the presence of his Excellency
the Nabob Monsoor ul Mulck Serajah ^Dowla Shah Kuly Khan
Behauder, Hybut Jung, Nazim of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, by the
hands and seal of the Council, and by firm agreement and solemn
attestation, do declare, that the business of the Company's factories,
within the jurisdiction of the Nabob, shall go on in its former course :
that we will never oppress or do violence to any persons without cause:
that we will never offer protection to any persons having accounts
* with the Government, any of the King's Talookdars or Zemindars, nor
murderers nor robbers : that we will never act contrary to the tenor
of the Articles agreed to by the Nabob : that we will carry on Our
business as formerly, and will never, in any respect, deviate from this
Agreement. *
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 9
PERWANNAHS AND DUSTUCKS GIVING EFFECT TO THE benga l.
ABOVE TREATY. f No - L
Pebwaknah for Ddstdcks from Serajah Dowla, dated the 9th Rajeb Moon.
The English Company's goods have been carried backward and forward by
land and water, always through theJProvinces of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, by •
the dustuck and Seal of the said Company, by virtue of the King's Firmaund,
which is also now confirmed by me. Take care, on no pretence, to interrupt
their carrying their goods backwards and forwards through all the chokeys.
whatsoever, and not to demand any katbarra, manjor, &c, according to the
King's Firmaund. Let them pass and repass without receiving a single
cowrie from any of their people ; and interfere not with the English Com-
pany's Gomastahs on any account, but rather take care that through all your
districts their business be not obstructed in any way.
Fifteen Perwannahs of the same tenor and date were ♦granted under the
seal of the Nabob Serajah Dowla, to the Rajahs and Zemindars.
Pebwannah under the seal of the Nabob Monsoor ul Mdlck Serajah Dowla
Behauder, Hybut Juno, dated the 9th Rajeb (31st March 1757), in the 3rd
Year of the glorious Reign Mohunlol.
All goods belonging to the English Company, which, by vivtue of the
royal mandate, used to pass and repass with* the said Company's dustucks,
by land or water, through the Provinces of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, I
have, at this time, granted a free currency to, in the same manner and with
the same privileges as formerly ; it is necessary that your Excellency write
to the Officers at Dacca, jChittagong, Jugdea, Akbarnagur, Silhet, Raugamatty, •
Cheetmarre, Moorshedabad, and Purnea, that they suffer the same goods to pass
up and down the rivers without any molestation or imposition of katbarra
(a tax laid upon boats) or any other articles forbidden by the royal court ;
nor exact the smallest sum from them, nor any ways oppress the Gomastahs
or dependents. Let them be punctual in this.
Dustuck. under the seal of the Nabob Sebajah Dowla, &c, dated the 17th Jemadee Saun *
(9th March 1757), in the 3rd Year of the King's glorious Reign. * *
To all Fouzdars, Zemindars, Chowkeydars, and Overseers of the way of
the Provinces of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa,
All goods belonging to the English Company, which, by virtue of the royal
mandate, used to pass and repass through the foregoing provinces, by Mind
C
a
10
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL, and water, with the Company's dustucks, I have at this* time granted a free
No. II. currency to in the same manner as formerly, and with the confirmation of their
former privileges. Let all goods having the English Company's dustuck pass
as before up and down .the river, without any molestation or imposition of
katbarra, or any other articles forbidden by the royal court ; nor exact the
• smallest sum from them, nor oppress the Company's dependents.
In this be punctual, and act conformably to this writing. *
• Pebwannah of the Nabob Serajah Dowla to the Honorable Company for erecting
a Mint in Calcutta.
From the date of the first of the moon Shabaun, the four-sun siccas are
begun to be stamped, and through all the mint houses the new siccas of the
four-sun are coined. Take care and erect a mint in Calcutta (called Allenagur)
and stamp gold and silver Rupees out of the bullion and gold imported by
your nation, of the* weight of Rupees of gold and silver coined at Moorshedabad.
Under the name of Allenagur (Calcutta) shall you coin your money : it shall
pass for land revenues, &c. Nobody will ask or set any t^atta upon them ;
only take care not to coin the gold and silver of other nations.
No. II.
Agreement of Colonel Clive with the Nabob, dated February 12, 1757.
(22nd Jamadee-ul-awul.)
I, Colonel Clive, Sabut JilPg Behauder, Comhiander of the*English
Land Forces in Bengal, do solemnly declare, in the presence of God
and our Saviour, that there is peace between the Nabob, Serajah
Dowla, and the English. They, the English, will inviolably adhere
to the Articles of the Treaty made with the Nabob : That as long as
he shall observe his Agreement, the English will always look upon his
enemies as their enemies, and whenever called upon will grant him all
tjie assistance in their power.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD% 11
No. III. BENGAL.
^Treaty witn Jatfiee Ally Khan.
* I sw6ar t by God, and the Prophet of God, to abid* by the Termf
of this Treaty iphilst I have life:
Meer Mahomed
Jaffier Khan Behauder,
servant of •
King Aalum Geer.
Treaty made with the Admiral and Colonel CliVe (Sabut Jung Behauder),
Governor Drake, and Mr. Watts.
fc . Article 1.
Whatever Articles were agreed upon in the time tff peace with the
Nabob Serajah Dowla Monsoor ul Mulck Shah Kuly Khan Behauder,
Hybut Jung, J, agree to comply with.
Article 2.
The enemies of the English are my enemies, whether they be
Indians or Europeans.
Article 3.
All the effects and factories belonging to the French, in the Provinces
of Bengal (the Paradise of Nations), Behar and Orissa, shall remain
in the possession of the English, nor will I ever allow them any more
to settle in the three Provinces.
Article 4.
In consideration of the losses which the English Company have
sustained by the capture and plunder of Calcutta, by the Nabob, and
the charges occasioned by the maintenance of the forces, I will give
them one crore'of Rupees.
Article 5.
For the effects plundered from the English inhabitants of Calcutta,
I agree to give fifty lakhs of Rupees.
* These Vords were written in his own hand. *
No. III.
• •
12 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
■v.
bengal. Article 6.
No. III.
jfc>r the effects plundered from the Gentoos, Mussulmans, and other
subjects of Calcutta, twenty lakhs of Kupees shall be given.
.• *
• Article 7.
For the effects plundered from the Armenian inhabitants of Calcutta,
I will give the sum of seven lakhs of Rupees. The distribution of the
sums allotted the natives, English inhabitants, Gentoos, and Mussulmans,
shall be left to the Admiral, and Colonel Clive (Sabut Jung Behauder),
and the rest of the Council, to be disposed of by them to whom they
think proper.
Article 8. <•
Within the ditch, which surrounds the borders of Calcutta, are
tracts of land, belonging to several Zemindars ; besides this I will grant
the English Company six hundred yards without the ditch.
Article 9.
All the land lying to the south of Calcutta, as far as Culpee, shall
be under the Zemindarry of the English Company ; and all the Officers
of those parts shall be under their jurisdiction. The revenues to be
paid by them (the Company) in the same manner with other Zemindars.
Article 10. 9
Whenever I demand the English assistance, I will be at the charge
of the maintenance of them.
Article 11.
I will not erect any new fortifications below the Hooghly, near the
lliver Ganges.
Article 12.
As soon as I am established in the Government of the three
Provinces, the aforesaid sums shall be faithfully paid.
Dated the 15th Ramzan, in the 4th YeSr of the Reign. -*
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
13
Additional Article.
Article 13.
Onfcondition that Meer Jaffier Khan Behauder shall solemnly ratify,
confirm by oath, and execute all the above Articles, which the under-
written, on behalf of the Honorable East India Company, do, declaf-
ing on the Holy Gospels and before God, that we will assist Meer
Jaffier Khan Behauder with all our force, to obtain the Soubahship
of the Provinces of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, and further, that we will
assist him to the utmost against all his enemies whatever, as soon as
he calls upon us for that end ; provided that he, on his coming to be
Nabob, shall fulfil the aforesaid Articles.*
BENGAL.
No. in.
SUNNUDS AND PERWANNAHS GIVING EFFECT TO THE
TREATY.
• —
1. General Sunntjd, under the Seal of Jaffier Ally Khan.
To all Governors, Muttaseddees, present and future, all Naibs, Fouzdars,
Zemindars, Chowdrahs, Canongoos, Sfc., Servants of the Government,
in the Provinces of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa,
Know that, by the Royal Firmaund and Husbulhookums, the English
Company are pardoned (maaff) exempt from all duties, therefore I write :
Tbat whatever goods the Company's Gomas talis may bring, or carry to,
or front, their factories, the aurungs, or other places, by land or by water,
with a dustuek from any of the Chiefs of their factories, you shall neither
ask nor receive any sum, however trifling, for the same. Know, they have
full power to buy and sell ; you are by no means to oppose it. You are not
to require from the Company's Gomastahs the Settee, Manghans, or any
other of the Zemindar's impositions. The Company's Gomastahs shall buy
and sell the Company's goods, without the intervention of delolls, unless the
Gomastahs are satisfied to employ them. You are to assist them on all
occasions wherever they buy or sell. Whoever acts contrary to these orders, €
the English have full power to punish them. If any of the Company's goods
* This Article was not transmitted from India to the Company, but is to be found in the
12th page of the Appendix to the Dutch Memorial, and as there is no reason to doubt the
authenticity of it, it is subjoined to the Treaty with the Nabob Meer Jaffier. '
14 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. .
•
BENGAL, are stolen, you are to recover the very effects stolen, or make good their
No. III. amount. Any merchants or others on whom the Company have any lawful
demands, you are to see that the same be paid to their Gomastahs. Take care
that no one wrong or oppress the Company's Gomastahs. You are not to
require or stop their boats, on pretence of the katbarra, or other duties on boats,
whether they be the Company's own boats or boats hired by their Gomas-
tahs. You are to *give credit to the copies of all the Sunnuds to the
Company, under the Kazzi's seal, without requiring the original. Any of
the Company's debtors running from them, you are not to give them pro-
tection, or plead for them, but are to deliver them up to the Company's Gomas-
tahs, The Fouzdarrykurch, &c, impositions of the Fouzdars, which are
forbid by the King, you shall not demand of the English, their Gomastahs, or
inhabitants. Whenever the English Company desire to settle a new factory,
besides those they are already possessed of, in the Provinces of Bengal,
Behar, and Orissa, you are to give them forty begahs of the King's land. If
any of the English ships are driven by bad weather, or wrecked in any of
the ports, or other places, you are to assist them all in your power, and see
that the goods are restored to the. Company, and you are not to require the
chouttarry, &c, which the King has forbid.
A mint is established in Calcutta ; coin siccas and gold mohurs, of equal
weight and fineness with the siccas and gold mohurs of Moorshedabad :
they shall pass in the King's treasury.
All that I have written must be done ; do as I have written, nor ask a new
Sunnud every year. The 27th of the moon Shevaul, and 4th of the King's
Reign, being the 15th of the month of July 1757.
2. Perwannah from Jaffieb Ally Khan, for the Mint
To the high and mighty, the bold and valiant Commanders, the greatest of
Merchants, the English Company, on whom may the King 9 s favor rest
for ever.
A mint has been established in Calcutta ; continue coining gold and silver
v into siccas and mohurs, of the same weight and standard with those of Moor-
*. * * shedabad ; the* impression to be Calcutta ; they shall pass current in the
•Provinces of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, and be received into the Cadjanna :
there shall be no obstruction or difficulty for kussoor. Under the seal of
Fidvir Aalum Geer, Badsha Gauze, Sujah ul Mulck, Hossam 6 Dowla, Meer
Mahomed Jaffier Khan Behauder, Mahabut Jung. 11th Zeeiiaida, 4th of
the King's Reign.
^ •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
15
3. Perwannah for the Granted Lands.
Seal of the Nabob Jaffier Ally Khan.
BENGAL.
No. m.
1170.
Aalum Geer, Emperor,
fighting for the Faith,
his Devoted
Meer Mahomed Jaffier Ally
Khan Behauder, Sujah ul
Mulck, Hossam 6 Dowla,
Mahabut Jung,
• Anno 4.
Ye Zemindars, Chowdrahs, Talookdars, Muccuddems, Recayahs, Morsaw-
reans, Mootawettawahs of the Chuckla of Hooghly and others situated in
Bengal, # the Terrestrial Paradise : Know that the Zemindarry, Chowdrahy,
and Talookdarry, of the countries in the subjoined list, hath been given by
Treaty to the most illustrious and most magnificent the English Company,
the glory and ornament of trade : The said Company will be careful to
govern according to established custom and usage, without any gradual
deviation,* and watch for the prosperity of the people. Your duty is to give no
cause of complaint to the Recayahs of the Company, who, on their part, are to
govern with such kindness, that husbandry may receive a daily increase, that
all disorders may be suppressed, drunkenness and other illicit practices pre-
vented, and the Imperial tributes be sent in due time. Such part of the
above-said country as may be situated to the west of Calcutta, on the other
side^of the Ganges, does not appertain to the Company : Know then, ye
Zemindars, &c, that yfc are dependents of the Company, and that ye must
submit to such treatment as they give you, whether good or bad, and this is
my express injunction. *
Twenty-four Mahals.
The Pergunnah of Mugra.
Ditto
Khas spoor.
Ditto
Mudenmull.
Ditto
Ekktiarpoor.
Ditto
Burjutty.
Ditto
Azimabad.
Ditto
Moodagotcha.
Ditto
Putcha Kollu.
Pergunnah
of Shahpoor.
Shah Nagu*.
16 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
•
:NGAL. Part of the Pergunnah of Ghur.
o. III. ^ f^Q Pergunnah of Karee Jurree.
Ditto Deccan Saugeer.
. Part of the Pergunnah of Calcutta.
Part of the Pergunnah of Paikan.
• Part of the Pergunnah of Munpoor.
Part of the Pergunnah of Ameerabad.
Part of the Pergunnah of Mahomed Ameepoor.
Mellung Mahal.
The Pergunnah of Hattiagur.
Ditto Meida.
Part of the Pergunnah of Akbarpoor.
Part of the Pergunnah of Bellia.
Part of the Pergunnah of Bussindarry.
DateH the * 5th of Rabbi-ul- Sauni, anno quarto.
(In the Nabob 1 s own hand, serving by way of sign manual.) It is written,
Finis.
(In Maha Rajah Doolubrum's own hand, as Naib.) Seen.
(In Rajah Raage Bullub's own hand, as Hussoor Nevis.) The 5th of
# Rabbi-ul-Sauni, anno quarto, registered in the Imperial Register.
(In Rajah Conghu Baharree f s own hand, as Dewan of Bengal.) The 5th
of Rabbi ul Sauni, anno quarto, registered in the Dewannee Register.
4. Pehwannah from Jaffeer Ally Khan, for the Saltpetre of Behar.
At this time, through the means of #
* Colonel Clive, the Saltpetre lands of 1 the
whole Province of Behar have been
granted to the* English Company, from
On the 2nd of the ^ beginning of the Bengal year 1 165, On the last day
monthofRajebof Mahomed Wazeed; °f r the V"'?
the 4th year of his " ^ wu* w v, VJ » ^^^u u* CC u, q j J ammaa * a _ u i_
Majesty's Reign, you are therefore hereby directed to Sauni, of the 5th
a copy was enter- establish the authority of their Gomas- year of his Ma-
• * edin the Dewan' s in ^ ^ gaU lands of ^ jesty's Reign, a
pobRS. L copy was entered
aforesaid Province, to give strict orders ,- w j£ ls Excel len-
to the Saltpetre picars not to sell an cy's boohs.
ounce of Saltpetre to any other person,
f About the 20th December 1757.
» •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 17
/
and to receive from the Company the BENGAL.
stipulated Nuzzurrana and money, for / No. III.
the aforesaid lands.
Approved. •
5. Suxnud for the Zemindarey of the Honorable East India Comp ant's Lands, given
under the Seal of the Nabob, Allow 6 Dowla (commonly styled the Nabob Meeron)
Meer Mahomed Saddock Khan Behauder, Assud Juno, Dewan of the Soubali of
Bengal.
To the Muttaseddees, for affairs for the time being and to come, and
Chowdrees and Canongoos, and Inhabitants, and Husbandmen of the Kissmut
Pergunnah of Calcutta, &c, of the Circar Sautgaum, &c, belonging to the
Paradise of Nations, the Soubah of Bengal. Be it known, that, in con-
sequence of the Ferd Sawal, signed by the glory of.the nobility and
administration, Sujah ul Mulck, Hossam 6 Dowla, Meer Mahomed Jaffier
Khan Behauder, Mahabut Jung, Nizam of the Soubah, and the Ferd Huc-
keekut, and Muchulca, signed conformably thereto, the forms of which are
herein fully set forth : The office of the Zemindarry of the Pergunnahs
above written, in consideration of the sum of twenty thousand one hundred
and one Rupees (20,101) Pishcash, &c, to the Imperial Circar, according to
the endorsement, from the month Poos (anno 1164) in" the year eleven
hundred and sixty-four of the Bengal JEra, is conferred upon the noblest of
Merchants, the English Company, to the end that they attend to the rites
and customs thereof, as is fitting, nor in tha. least circumstance neglect or
withheld the vigilance and care due thereto : That they deliver into the
treasury, % at proper times* the due rents of the Circar : That they behave in
such manner to the inhabitants and lower sort of people, that, by their good
management, " the said Pergunnah may flourish and increase : That they
suffer no robbers nor house-breakers to remain within their districts, and take such
care of the King's highways, that the travellers and passengers may pass and
repass without the least molestation : That (which God forbid) if the effects
of any person be plundered or stolen, they discover and produce the plun-
derers and thieves, together with the goods, and deliver the goods to the ••
owners, and the criminals to condign punishment; or else, that they them- #
selves be responsible for the said goods : That they take especial care that
no one be guilty of any crimes or drunkenness, within the limits of their
Zemindarry : That after the expiration of the year they take a discharge,
according to custom, and that they deliver the accounts of their Zemindarry,
agreeable to the stated forms, every year, into the duftercana of the Circar ;
D
• •
18
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
ENGAL. an d that they refrain from demanding the articles forbidden by the Imperial
No. in. cfort ( t h e Asylum of the World).
It is their (the Muttaseddees, &c.) duty to look upon the said Company
las the established and lawful Zemindars of those places, and whatsoever
appertains, or is annexed to that office, as their right : in this particular be
• they strictly punctual.
Dated the First of Rabbi-ul- Sauni, in the Fifth Sun of the Reign.
Let the endorsement be written.
Pabticulars of the Endorsement.
In consequence of the Ferd Sawal, signed by the glory of the nobility and
administration, Sujah ul Mulck, Hossam 6 Dowla, Meer Mahomed Jaffier Khan
Behauder, Mahabut Jung, Nizam of the Soubah, and the Ferd Huckeekut
and Muchulca, signed conformably thereto, the forms of which are herein
fully set forth : The office of the Zemindarry of the Kissmut Pergunnah of
Calcutta, &c, of the Circar Sautgaum, belonging to the Paradise of Nations,
the Soubah of Bengal, in consideration of the sum of twenty thousand one
hundred and one Rupees (20,101) Pishcash, &c, to the Imperial Circar, from
the month Poos (anno 1164) in the year one thousand one hundred and sixty-
four of the Bengal -32ra, is conferred upon the noblest of Merchants, the
English Company.
27 Mahals,
Deroobust, Kissmut,
15 Mahals. 12 Mahals.
The amount, according to the account signed by the Canongoos of the Soubah.
Form of the Sign Manual* %
Be the Sunnud granted.
Form of the Ferd Sfawal.
The Zemindarry of the Kissmut Pergunnah of Calcutta, &c, of the Circar
Sautgaum, &c, belonging to the Paradise of Nations, the Soubah of
Bengal, having been conferred on the noblest of Merchants, the English
Company, the aforesaid Company represent, that the inhabitants will not be
satisfied without the grant of a Sunnud, wherefore they desire that the Sunnud
• may be graciously allowed them, for which they agree to pay the sum of twenty
thousand one hundred and one Rupees (20,101) Pishcash, &c, to the Imperial
Circar. — In this particular what are your commands ?
27 Mahals,
• Deroobust, Kissmut,
• 15 Mahals. 12 Mahals.
• •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 19
The amount, according to the account signed by the Canongoos of the Soubah. BENGAL.
Rupees 2,22,958 10 12 3 s No ' IU '
iV. B. — This Kissmut Pergunnah of Calcutta, &c, of the Circar Sautgaum,
is written by in ^ districts of the Chuckla of Hooghly.
the Royroy- ° J
an. 26 Mahals, •
Deroobust, Kissmuttea,
15 Mahals. 11 Mahals.
Amount 2,20,166 14 10 1
Kissmut Pergunnah of Calcutta ... Circar Sautgaum.
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Kissmut tea.
Amount 28,482 6 13
Belonging to the Company 28,361 8 10 1
Ditto Ramcunt 120 13 2 3
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Kissmut Pergunnah of Mugra ... Circar ditto.
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Kissmuttea.
Amount 24,504 13 16 1
Pergunnah of Khasspoor .., Circar ditto.
Division 16 Annas,
Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 3,337 3 2
Pergunnah of Mudenmull ... Circar ditto.
Division 16 Annas.
Malyd Deroobust.
Amount 22,199 5 5
Pergunnah of Berry hat tee ... Circar ditto.
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 6,149 4 13 3
Pergunnah of Ekktiarpoor- ... Circar ditto.
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 7,923 18
Pergunnah of Deccan Saugur ... Circar ditto.
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 60 7 12 2
20
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL.
~No. III.
s 5 *
*0 *> R S
-O 5> 8 *
S3 1*
^
» •
- ® as
•S ••* -°
*>
Pergunnah of Shahnagur
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 283 7 14
Pergunnah of Azimabad
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 10,000
Pergunnah of Ghur.
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 7,420 9 15
Pergunnah of Moodagotcha
Division 16 Annas.
• Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 31,793 10
Pergunnah of Peetcha Kollie
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 3,129 4 15
Pergunnah of Karee Jurree
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 562 8
Kissmut Pergunnah of Manpoor
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Kissmuttea.
Amount 8,947 10 1 1
Belonging to the Company 8,856 3 1
Ditto Kamcunt 91 9 18
Circar Sautgaum.
Circar ditto.
Circar Saleemabad,
Circar ditto.
Circar ditto.
Circar ditto.
Circar ditto.
Kissmut Pergunnah of Paikan
Division 12 Annas.
Mahal Kissmuttea.
Amount 6,787 10 6 3
Kissmut Pergunnah of Ameerabad
Adjacent to Chitpoor.
Division 3 Annas.
Mahal Kissmuttea.
Amount 3,650 10 9
Circar ditto.
Circar ditto.
* »
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
21
Kissmut Pergunnah of Havelushehr ... Circar Saleemabad.* BENGAL.
Oircar ditto.
Circar ditto.
The village of Seenderpoor.
No Division.
Mahal Kissmuttea.
Amount 323 1 1 8
Kissmut Pergunnah of Mahommed Ameerpoor ... Circar ditto.
The village.
No Division.
Mahal Kissmuttea.
Amount 184 5 10 " •
Kissmut Pergunnah of Mob, Salt, & Wax ... Circar ditto.
No Division.
Mahal Kissmuttea.
Amount 16,702 13 1
Pergunnah of Hattiagur
Division 16 Annas.
Mehal Deroobust.
Amount 22,119 7 19 3
Pergunnah of Meida
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 4,199 14 10
Pergunnah of Akbarpoor
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Deroobust. •
Amount 2,228 15 15
Pergunnah of Shahpoor
Division 16 Annas.
Mahal Deroobust.
Amount 3,470 12 2 2
Kissmut Pergunnah of Aboab Fouzdany, &c. . . . # Circar ditto.
No Division.
2 Mahals Kissmuttea.
Amount 1,204 12 18 2
Kissmut Pergunnah Aboab Fouzdarry, and Pishcash CongoJ «
2 Mehal s.
Amount 1,174 11 16 3
Bherjy (transferred) 30 1 1 3
No. III.
Circar ditto.
Circar ditto.
22 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
\
B ENGAL. Sairs, Hattiagur, and Meida, and Meidonmul, and Moodagotcha, belong-
No. III. i n g^to Coot Ekktiapoor.
Division 3 Annas 11 Gundas.
• Mahal Kiss mut tea.
Amount 4,501
* Kissmut Pergunnah of Bellia Busseindany, Circar Saleemabad, named
Sahebnagur, in the districts of the Chuckla of Burdwan, containing the Mouza
Bhilla, and all the lands lying on the east side of the River Ganges. •
Division 10 Annas.
Mahal Kissmuttea.
Amount 2,791 11 12 2
Form of the Sign Manual.
After the receipt of the Muchulca and
Zaminee, according to custom.
Be the Sunnud granted.
Form of the Ferd Huckeekut.
In consequence of the Ford Sawal, signed by the glory of the nobility and
administration, Sujah ul Mulck, Hossam 6 Dowla, Meer Mahomed Jaffier Khan
Behauder, Mahabut Jung, Nazim of the Soubah, the form of which is herein
fully set forth, the office of the Zemindarry of the Kissmut Pergunnah of
Calcutta, &c, of the Circar Sautgaum, &c, belouging to the Paradise of Nations,
the Soubah of Bengal, in consideration of the sum of twenty thousand one
hundred and one Rupees (20,101) Pishcash, &c, to the Imperial Circar, is
conferred on the noblest of Merchents, the English Compauy, who have
delivered a Muchulca and Zaminee, into the books, and petition for # the
Sunnud. In this particular what are you pleased to decree ? *
r
t
27 Mahals
«
t
«. •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. .23
#
•5 27 Mahals, BENGAL.
"§ g S . Deroobust, Kissmuttea, # Na IIL
^ S, fe 3 15 Mahals. 12 Mahals.
^ 05 53 § Amount, according to the account signed by the Canongoc*
2* 2 eE "* of the Soubah -
q cT Rupees 2,22,958 10 2 3 ♦
K °0^ CO ©
« - 2
ft- *» c3 ©
«
. ~ *>
5 C
it "c fc-3
^ « g- ^
^ S J
Jg ■« So2
^* je ^ ^ ©f
w »>o <; 03 zj
S* « % «* ca ^
S Q o tT
^ ti n 3
r: J2 "§ » S i^orm o/* /Ae fi* aw Manual.
fc, SI O It has been viewed.
Form of the Muckulca, dated the
We, the English Company, do declare, that whereas the office of the
Zemindarry of the Kissmut Pergunnah of Calcutta, &c, of the Circar Saut-
gaum, &c, belonging to the Paradise of Nations, the Soubah of Bengal, in con-
sideration of the sum of twenty thousand one hundred and one Rupees (20,101)
Pish^ash, &c, to the Imperial Circar, from the month Poos (anno 1164)
in the }%ar eleven hundred and sixty-four of the Bengal iEra, has been con-
ferred on us, to the end that we attend to the rites and customs thereof, as is
fitting, nor in the least circumstance neglect or withhold the vigilance and
care due thereto. That we deliver into the treasury, in the proper times,
the due rents of the Circar. That we behave in such manner to the inha-
bitants and lower sort of people, that by our good management the said
Pergunnahs may flourish and increase. That we suffer no robbers nor house-
breakers to remain within our districts, and take such care of the King's
highways that the travellers and passengers may pass and repass without
fear or molestation. That (which God forbid) if the effects of any person be
plundered or stolen, we discover and produce the robbers or thieves, toge-
ther with the goods, and deliver the goods to the owners, and the criminals
to condign punishment, or else that we ourselves be responsible for J;he
said goods. That we take especial care that no one be guilty of any crime or
drunkenness within the limits of our Zemindarry. That after the expiration
24 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
\
BENGAL, of the year, we take a discharge according to custom, and that we deliver
No. III. the* accounts of our Zemindarry agreeable to the stated forms every year into
the duftercana of the Circar, and that we refrain from demanding the articles
forbidden by the Imperial Court (the Asylum of the World). For this reason
we have .given this writing as a muchulca and agreement, that upon any
* occasion recourse may be had thereto.
eo^.g .27 Mahals,
•2 "3 § « Deroobust, Kissmuttea,
111 | 15 Mahals. 12 Mahals.
I ^ ^ | Amount 2,22,958 10 2 3
Form of the Sign Manual,
It is accepted.
Form of the Tomsook Hazir Zaminee, dated the
I, do declare, that whereas the office of the
Zemindarry of the Kissmut Pergunnah of Calcutta, &c, of Circar Sautgaum,
&c, belonging to the Paradise of Nations, the Soubah of Bengal, has been
conferred on the noblest of Merchants, the English Company ; I, being
appointed the personal security for the said Company, with the Circar, do
agree, and give this writing, that the aforesaid Company shall be present and
execute the functions of the Zemindarry : If they shall absent themselves, I
will make them appear ; but if at any time I am not able to make them
appear, I will be responsible for their compacts. For this reason I have
given this writing as a Tomsook Hazir Zaminee, that upon any cccasion
recourse may be had thereto.
Form of the Sign Manual,
Signed.
Form of the Agreement for the Pishcash, fyc, to the Imperial Circar.
Account of the agreement for the Pishcash, &c, made for obtaining the
## grant of the Sunnud for the Zemindarry of the Kissmut Pergunnah of
Calcutta, &c, of the Circar Sautgaum, &c, in the name of us, the English
Company, for the Year 1 165 of the Bengal iEra.
20,101 Rupees Pishcash. •
Pishcash of the Imperial Circar, 12,101 Rupees.
# Nuzzurrana Soubahdarry, 5,000 Rupee*.
Viziw's Fees, 3,000 Rupees.
Rupees 2,22,958 10 2 3
• .
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 25
/
6. Sunnud for the Free Tenure of the Towri of • Calcutta, &c, to the Honorable East BENGAL.
India Company, given under the Seal of the Nabob Allow 6 Dowla Meer Ma- No. III.
homed Saddock Ehan Behauder, Assud Jung, Dewan of the Soubah of Bengal.
To the Muttaseddees for affairs for the time being and to come, and
Zemindars, and Chowdrahs, and Talookdars, and Canongoos of the Mowga
of Govindpoor, &c, in the districts of the Pergunnah of. Calcutta, belonging •
to the Paradise of Nations, the Soubah of Bengal. Be it known, that in
consequence of the Ferd Sawal, signed by the glory of the nobility and
administration, Sujah ul Mulck, Hossam 6 Dowla, Meer Mahomed Jaffier Khan
Behauder, Mahabut Jung, Nazim of the Soubah, and the Ferd Huckeekut,
and Muchulca," signed conformably thereto, the forms of which are herein fully
set forth ; the rents of the aforesaid Mowzas, &c.*, which adjoin to the fac-
tory of the most noble of Merchants, the English Company, amounting to
eight thousand eight hundred and thirty-six Rupees and something more, from
the *lst of Rabbi-ul-Sauni, 5th Sun, according to the endorsement, are for-
given ; to the end that they provide for the defence of their factory^ and the
safeguard of the sea-ports herewith. It is their (the Muttaseddees, &c.)
duty to desist from all claims for the rents, nor in any way, nor by any
means, oppress or disturb them. In this particular be they punctual.
Dated as above,
f Let the endorsement be written.
Particulars op the Endorsement.
In consequence of the Ferd Sawal, signed by the glory of the nobility and
administration, Sujah ul Mulck, Hossam 6 Dowla, Meer Mahomed Jaffier
Khaa Behauder, Mahabut Jung, Nazim of the Soubah, and the Ferd Huckee-
kut, and: Muchulca, signed conformably thereto, the forms of which are here-
in fully set forth ; the rents of the Mowza of Govindpoor, &c, in the districts
of the Pergunnah of Calcutta, &c, belonging to the Paradise of Nations, the
Soubah of Bengal, and dependent on the Khalsa Shereefa, and the Jaghire
of the Circar which adjoin to the factory of the noblest of Merchants, the
English Company, amounting to eight thousand eight hundred and thirty-
six Rupees and something more, from the J latter season of Oodael, in the *
year eleven hundred and sixty-four (1164) of the Bengal JEra, are forgiven •• j
the noblest of merchants aforesaid. . * *
* About the beginning of December 1758.
f This is written by the Royroyan.
} In the original Fessct Kruf.
E
26 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD8.
%
BENGAL. Mowzas and Mahals 22 £ .
No * m - m Mowzas 20 J. Mahals (2 Markets) 2.
The amount, according to the Ferd signed by the Canongoos of the Soubah.
• Form of the Sign Manual,
m Be the Sunnud granted.
•
Form of the Ferd SawaL
The noblest of Merchants, the English Company, represent, that the
factory for carrying on their trade in the Pergunnah of Calcutta, lying near the
sea, and being liable to continual alarms and interruptions from the enemy,
for their defence, they have made a tank of water round their factory, and left
an esplanade on all sides at the distance of a cannon shot ; and that the Mowza
of Govindpoor, &c, in the districts of the Pergunnah of Calcutta, &c, of the
Circar Sautgaum, belonging to the Paradise of Nations, the Soubah of Bengal,
dependent on the Hhalsa Shereefa and Jaghire of the Circar, adjoin thereto ;
they request that a Sunnud, exempting them from the payment of the rents
thereof, be granted them. In this particular what are your commands ?
Mowzas 20^. Mahals (2 Markets) 2.
Amounting, according to the account signed by the Canongoos of the
Soubah, to Rupees 8,836 4 3 2.
Mowza of Govindpoor ; &c, belonging to the Pergunnah of Calcutta.
Mouza with Kissmutteas 12.
In all 6| Mowzas.— Amount 2,542 14 2 3
Kerria Kissmut of Govindpoor.
Mowza of 8 annas. — Amount 338 11 16 2 Jaghire.
Kerria Kissmut of Mirzapoor . . #
Mowza of 8 annas. — Amount 131 10 17 3
Kerria Kissmut of Gunnispoor, in the bounds of Molunga, of the Khalsa.
Mowza of 8 annas. — Amount 171 13 19 2
Kerria Kissmut of Chowrungee of the Jaghire.
Mowza of 8 annas. — Amount 44 8 2 2
Kerria Kissmut of Dhulland.
% Mowza of 8 annas. — Amount 227 11 12 2
t * * Kerria Kissmut of Jella Colunda.
• Mowza of 8 annas. — Amount 266 2 13
Kerria Kissmut of Dilliah Danghee of the Jaghire.
Mowza of 12 annas. — Amount 582 15 6 3
Kerria Kissmut of Anhattee of the Jaghire.
iftowza of 6 annas. — Amount 184 13 16 1
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 27
7
Kerria Sulduah of the Jaghiro. B ENGAL .
One Mo wza.— Amount 355 13 11 # No. IN.
Kerria Kissmut of Bfiaree Birjhee.
Mowza of 6 annas. — Amount 63 4 2 •
Kerria Kispoorperra of the Jag] lire. #
One Mowza. — Amount 191 5 •
Kerria Kissmut of Bharee Serampoor of the Jaghire.
Mowza of 4 annas. — Amount 34 5* 17 1
Kissmut Mowza of Dhellunt, &c, belonging to the Pergunnah of Paikan*
Twelve Mowzas, including Kissmutteas, in all 6£ Mowzas of the Khalsa.
Amount 1,894 4 2
Kerria Kissmut of Dhellunt.
Mowza of 8 annas. — Amount 253 10 12 1
Kerria Kissmut of Soota lyootee. *
Mowza of 6 annas. — Amount 113 7 11
Kerria Kissmut of Gov ind poor.
Mowza of 8 annas. — Amount 161 3 13 »
Kerria Kissmut of Chowrungee.
Mowza of 8 annas. — Amount 97 7
Kerria Kissmut of Mirzapoor.
Mowza of 8 annas. — Amount 150 8 8 1 •
Kerria Rocul Koorea.
One Mowza. — Amount 178 12 1
Kerria Kissmut of Deccan Paikparra.
Mowza of 2 annas. — Amount 15 9 15
* £erria Kissmut qf Dhela Dangee.
Mowza of 4 annas.*- Amount 156 13 6
Kerria Kissmut of Anbattee.
Mowza of 10 annas. — Amount 218 10 12
Kerria Kissmut of Jella Colunda.
Mowza of 8 annas. — Amount 147 2 16 1
Kerria Kissmut of Bharee Birjhee.
Mowza of 10 annas. — Amount 227 2 2 *
Kerria Kissmut of Bharee Serampoor.
Mowza of 12 annas. — Amount 123 12 7 *
Mowza of Shimla, &c., belonging to the Pergunnah of Manpoor.
Three Mowzas entire of the Khalsa. — Amount 331 15 11
Kerria Shimla. — One Mowza. — Amount 121 15 3 2 ^
• •
28 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL. Kerria Maukhund — One Mowza. — Amount 180 4 13 2
No. III. ^ Kerria Awdinghu — One Mowza. — Amount 29 11 14
Mowza of the Town of Calcutta, &c, belonging to the Pergunnah of
• Ameerabad.
Six and half Mowzas and Mahals. — Amount 4,008 10 11
m Kerria of the* Town of Calcutta.
One Mowza. — Amount 1,376 13 7 2
Kerria Kissmut of Soota Loote*e,
Mowza of 10 annas. — Amount 1,392 9 14 $ #
Kerria Kissmut of Deccan Paikparra.
Mowza of 14 annas of the Jaghire. — Amount 479 2 2
Kerria of Birjhee.
One Mowza of the Jaghire. — Amount 114 7 2 2
Kerria of Serampoor,
One Mowza of the Jaghire. — Amount 50 13 15 2
Market of Soota Lootee.
One Mahal of the^halsa.— Amount 272 2 2
Market of Govindpoor.
One Mahal of the Khalsa.— Amount 322 12 5 2
Kerria Kissmut of Aboab Fouzdarry of the Town of Calcutta, &c.
. Amount 8 3 18 1
Form of the Sign Manual,
The Muchulca being taken according to the form.
Be the Sunnud granted.
Mem. — Here follows the Ferd Huckeekut, and also the Muchulca oT the
Company, which are in the same form as those in the Sumiud foregoing for the
Company's Zemindarry. #
* In the original it is Dhee Calcutta.
*
%
4
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 29
No. IV.
AU NOM DE LA TRINITE TRES SAINTE. .
A tous ceux que ces presentes concernent, ou en quelques mani&re
peuvent interesser, soit notoire.
Le tvhs nobles & tres Respectable President & Conseil du fort
Williams, & le tr&s Noble & tres respectable Directeur & Conseil du
fort Gustavus, dans ces pais ici, temoignants un d^sir ardant d'assoupir
les troubles qui agitent Bengale, d'obvenir aux calamity si souvent
eprouv^es, de faire cesser, oter & terminer tows les obstacles &
differens survenfis, & de restaurer dans leurs ^tablissemens une
tranquility parfaite, ont pour cette fin nomines, munis de plein pouvoirs
& deputes au lieu destine aux conferences k Garhetty, les honorable
Messieurs: savoir
Le tr&s Noble & trfcs Respectable President & Conseil du fort
Williams ; Messieurs Richard Becher & John Cooke * Conseillers du
gouvernement.
Le tr&s Noble & trSs Respectable Directeur et Conseil du fort
Gustavus ; Messieurs Jean Bacheracht, & Jean Charles Kist : Mem-
bres du Conseil Politique & de la Justice.
Lesquels, aprfes s'avoir mutuellement assures de leurs pleins
pouvoirs expedi6s en bonne forme, & confer^ des differens objets que
leur Principaux ici ont jug6s necessaires pour etre inseres dans ce
present % Instrmnent d'yn general accomodement, finalement sont con-
venes, aprfes une deliberation mure, d'une pacification, dont est issue
heureusement une cessation entiere de toutes.les hostility tant par
mer que par terre, selon les articles dont le contend ici suive.
Demandes
% de la part des Anglois.
m
Art. 1e.
Messieurs les Directeur &
Conseil de Chintsura donneront
satisfaction suffisante a Messieurs
le President & Conseil du Fort
Reponse
de la part des Hollandois.
Messieurs les Directeur et Con-
seil du Chintsura temoignent que
commie ils ont toujours eu des sen-
timens pacifiques, les troubles qui
BENGAL.
No. IV.
30
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL - Williams de l'insultc offerte au
°* * Pavilion Brittanique, par les
Commandans des Vaisseaux Hol-
•landois, et pour la detention de
■plusieurs de nos Vaisseaux, qui
^ ont 6t£ saisis et arretes au bas de
la Riviere contre les trait^s et
l'alliance qui subsiste entre les
deux Nations, et pour les autres
actes d'hostilit^ commis par les
dits Vaisseaux. •
sont entrevenus & ont alt^re la
bonne intelligence entre les deux
Nations, ne peuvent pas produire
comme ils n'ont pas produit qu'une
douleur sensible & tout ce qui
s'est pass6 en bas par rapport au
Pavilion Anglois et aux insultes
qui sont commis est sans leur ordre
et & regret peut 6tre par des gen^
d'Equipage au premier abord dans
un mal entendement des ordres,-
avec quelle demonstration ils espe-
rent que Messieurs le Gouverneur
& Conseil seront sufisament satis-
faits.
• •
Art. 2d.
Messieurs les Directeur &
Conseil de Chintsura dedomma-
geront et la Compagnie, & les
particuliers des tous dommages
causes par les Commandans de
leurs Vaisseaux, soit par leur
ordres, ou non, et rendront im-
mediatement tous nos Vaisseaux,
munitions, et effets qui peuvent
encore rester dans leurs mains.
Comme les Vaisseaux Hollandois
ont re^u aussi une grande perte
& dommage, il paroit dur d'insister
sur le dedommagement ; mais Ce
qui est en effet sera rendu volon-
tairement: On prie Messieurs le
Gouverneur & Conseil de ref^echir
sur cet Artible equitablemtfnt, et en
cas qu'on ne desistera, nous ferons
en sorte de les oatisfaire.
^Arrite cl Garhetty Le \er Deccmbre 1759.
^^ .
Richd. Becher. # M. Jon. Baciieracht.
John Cooke. J. C. Kist.
Demandes
* .
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
31
Demandes
De la part cks Hollandois.
Article 1e.
Que Messieurs Tea Anglois
£tant dans Pes termes d'un ac-
comodement effectuent que leur
alli6 le Nawab s'en retourne, ou
au moins qu'il se tienne tran-
quille dans son camp, sans nous
faire aucun tort, et que les arti-
cles de notre accomodement, soit
accept^ approuv6 & confirme
par le Nawab, comme principal
autant, qu'ils le concernent tant
pour le present que pour Pavenir.
Reponse
De la part des Anglois.
Article Ie.
Nous nous sommes deja servi de
tout notre credit aupr&s du Nazim, .
et nous continueront de mSme pour
Pengager k faire retirer son armee,
le moment que les Messieurs du
Gouvernement JTollandois ont rem-
pli ses ordres. Les articles conve-
nus entre les Anglois et les Holland-
ois ne peuvent point etre entre-
m§les dans le traite que le Goti-
vernement de Hooghly doit conclure
avec le Nazim comme principal.
BENGAL.
No. 1VT
2d.
Un mutuel oubli de tout ce
qui s'est passe pendant les trou-
bles, qui ont cease ^present, de
plus une assurance parfaite d'ami-
ti6, fidelity & correspondance,
qui soieftt entretenus entre les
deux nations par les chefs Re-
spectables de chacune sans tolerer
«ucune hostility de part, ni d'au-
tre sous quelque pretext© que
ce soit, que chacun fera de son
mieux pour entretenir cette In-
telligence & de contribuer en
tout ce qui pourroit augmenter
le Bonheur de toutes les deux :
sans donner directement ou indi-
rectement du secours a ceux qui
voudroient nuire Tune ou Pautre.
2d.
Approuv6, autant qu'il ne contre-
vient point k Palliance que nous
avons avec le Nazim du pais.
Pendant que Pamiti^ subsiste entre
nos deux souverains en Europe.
32
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL.
3E.
No. IV.
• •
• Comme on n'a agi ni par de-
claration de guerre, ni.par com-
mission, nos troupes & gens de
•Mer ne peuvent etre considers
comme prisonmate de guerre qui
soient sujets k une capitulation,
mais simplement comme des ar-
rets temporels ; de sorte qu'ils
doivent etre libres, et sortir avec
tous les Honneurs nfilitaires.
4e.
Qu'on nous laisse dans une
possession libre, tranquille &
pas diminu^e, de nos ^tablisse-
ments commerce, droits & pre-
rogatives.
5e.
Que toutes les Personnes, Pos-
sessions, Etablissements, Terres,
Maisons, Vaisseaux, batimens,
tant de la Compagnie, qu'aux
particuliers, & tout ce qui en,
depend, soient declares libres &
rendu en presence des D6put£s
cxpres, des deux partis, dans
l'6tat qu'ils etoient.
6e.
Les Ratifications seront
echang^es sous Tapprobation de
Messieurs les Directeurs des
C^mpagnies le plutot qu'il sera
possible. »
3e.
Nous ne regarcjpns point les
Officierset Trouppes Hollandoises
comme nos prisonniers ; mais comme
ceux du Nazim. Nous sommes done
prets & les relacher des- que le gou-
vernement de Hooghly ont finis
leur negotiation avec le Nazim, k
l'Exception de ceux qui veulent
entrer dans notre service, ou qui
demandent la protection du pavilion
anglois.
4e.
Nous n'avons jamais interrompu
Messieurs les Hollandois dans leurs
justes droits, ou privileges, et ne
sommes point dans l'intention de le
faire.
5e.
Tous les Vaisseaux, Barques, &c,
dans notre possession seront restitues
des que nos demandes seront ac-
cords, ou une assurance qu'ils
seront de la part de Messieurs les
Directeur & Conseil de Hooghly.
6e.
Accorde.
t
treaties, engagements, and sunnuds. 33
7b. 7b. bengal.
No. IV,
Finalement les" deux partis Nous ne voions point la necessite
8eront guarandeurs reciproque- de cet article,
ment de l'Execution des Articles
precedens. •
Arrite ce present a Garhetfy le Arrete ce present a Garhetty le
\er>Decembre 1759. Seme Decembre 1759.
M. Joh. Bacheracht. Richd. Becher.
J. C. Kist. John Cook%
REVERS.
ConvenA, & arrets que la langue frantjoise, dont on s'est servi dans
quelques exemplaires de ce present traite d'accomodement, & dont on
sera obligfi de se servir k l'avenir dans son execution, ne fournira
aucun exemple qtii pourroit etre &llegu6 au prejudice des Maitres et
Principaux respectifs des deux parties Contractantes, mais qu'on se
reglera dans la Buitte selon ce qu'on trouvera & l'egard des Principaux
des deux partis, qui sont dans le droit, coutume & possession d'expedier
et re9evoir pareils TraitSs & actes dans une autre langue que le
fran9ois deja observe, ou ce qui doit etre observe.
Le present Traits & les accessions qui y peuvent intervenir, ne
tiennent la meme vertu & propriety, que si la meme coutume y avoit
6t6 observe, & les articles separes qu'on y voudroit entremettre con-
8erveront pareillement la meme efficace, qq§ s'ils etoient inserts dans
le traite* •
En foi de quoi nous sous signer Deputes du tr&s Noble, & trfes re-
spectable President et Consul du fort Williams & du tr&s noble & trfes
respectable Directeur & Conseil du forte Gustavus, Membres de leurs
Assemblies respectives, avons signe ce present revers, & y fait apposer
les Cachets de nos armes.
Ainsi fait au Lieu de nos Conferences a Garhetty le 3 Decembre
1759.
M. Jon. Bacheracht. Richd. Becher.
Seal, j J. C. Kist. John Cooke.
f
34
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS AND SUNNUDS.
ENGAI
foTTv r 7
• •
: RATIFICATION.
• Nous sousign£s acceptons par ces pr^sentes, lea articles prec£dentes
d'un mutuel & reciproque aceomodement, negoci£s & arret£s pour la
* pacification general e entre les Etablissemens et sujets de nos maitres
•& Principaux respectifs, par nos Deputes Extraordinaires, savoir
d'une part, les Sieur^ Richard Becher et John Cooke Copseillers du
fort Williams : & de l'autre Les Sieurs Jean Bacheracht & Jean
Charles Kist, Membre du Conseil politique et de Justice du fort
Gustavus ici, et les approuvons confirmons & ratifiond au nom & sous
approbation de nos susdits Maitres & Principaux en Europe, promet-
tant de faire faire incessament et fidellement executer la Restitu-
tion mutuelle stipulee dans les predits Articles pour assoupir toutes
les mesintelligences & demeles survenus jusqu'ici; d'ailleurs et
outre cela de faire passer le contenu de cette pr£sente convention,
autant qu'il sera necessaire par une publication solemnelle a la connois-
sance de tous ceux qui dependent de nous, afin qu'elle soit dans toua
ses points essentiels religieusement -observee, en evitant tout ce qui
pourra dans la Suite alterer, gu troubler Pamitie & le Voisinage paisi-
ble qui subsiste ^present heureusement entre nos Etablissemens re-
spectifs retablie.
En foi de quoi nous avons signe et munis ces presentes avec les
Sceaux de nos deux Nobles Compagnies des Indes Orientales eta-
blies ici.
Donne
a
Hougtyy le Ge Decembre 1759.
An. Bisdome.
P. Vernet.
R. B. Armenault.
M. Tsinck. •
J. L. V. Schevichaven.
Sx. Deiioog.
P. W. Falck. .
Donnd •
a
Calcutta, le 8 Decembre 1759.
Robert Clive.
C. Manningham.
W. F.Frankland.
J. Z. HOLWELL.
W. Mackett.
Thos. Boddam.
Wm. B. Sumner.
W. McGuire.
i •
t
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
35
TRANSLATION.
In the name of the Most Holy Trinity. •
To all whom these Presents concern, or may in any way interest, be it known.
The most noble and most respectable President and Council of Fort William,
and the most noble and respectable Director and Council of Fort Gustavus in
these territories, animated by an ardent desire to remove all the troubles,
obstacles, and differences which have been experienced in Bengal, and to re-
establish compete tranquillity in their respective settlements, have, with this
view, nominated, vested with full powers, and deputed the following gentlemen
to Garethy, the place appointed for the conferences : —
On the part of the most noble and most respectable President and Council
of Fort William, Messrs. Richard Becher and John Cooke, Counsellors of
the Government.
On the part of the most noble and most respectable Director and Council
of Fort Gustavus, Messrs. John Bacheracht and John Charles Kist, Members
of the Political Council and of the Department of Justice, who discussed
the different matters of which the insertion in the present treaty of settlement
was considered necessary by their Principals here ; and after mature deliber-
ation, a pacification was agreed upon, the result of which has been an entire
cessation of hostilities both* by sea and land, according to the terms of the
following Articles: —
BENGAL.
No. IV.
Demands on' the part of the
English.
Article 1.
The Director and Council of
Chinsura shall afford due satisfaction
to the President and Council of Fort
William for the insult offered to the
British flag by the Commanders of
Dutch vessels, and for the detention
of several of our ships, which have
been seized and stopped down the
river, contrary to Treaties and the
alliance subsisting between the two
nations, as well as for other acts of
hostility committed by the said
vessels.
•Replies on the part of the Dutch.
Article 1.
The Director and Council of Chin-
•
sura state, that as they have always
entertained pacific sentiments, the
troubles which have arisen and affect-
ed the good understanding between
the two nations cannot but be a source
of great pain, and that what has passed
respecting the British flag and the
insults offered, has taken place without
their orders and to their regret.
Those acts may probably have been
committed by the people composing
the crew under a misconception wof
orders. With this expianatiqg it is
♦ j
36
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL.
~No. IV,
hoped that the Governor and Council
will be satisfied.
9 Article 2.
The Director and Council of
Chinsura shall indemnify both the
Company and individuals for all
losses caused by the Commanders of
their vessels, whether by their orders
or not, and shall immediately give
up all our ships, munitions, and
effects which may still be in their
hands.
Executed at Garhetty,
(Signed) Eichd. Becher.
»
John Cooke.
Article 2.
As Dutch vessels have also suffered
great loss and injury, it seems hard
to insist upon indemnification, but what
there is in effects shall willingly be
restored. *
The Governor and Council are re-
quested to consider this Article in a
spirit of equity. In the event of their
not desisting, we shall endeavor to
satisfy them.
the 1st December 1759.
(Signed) JbHN Bacheracht.
„ J. C. Kist.
Demands on the part of the Dutch. Replies on the part of the English.
Article 1.
That the English shall cause their
ally, the Nawab, to return, or at least
to remain quiet in his camp, without
doing us any injury, and that the
•Articles of our settlement shall be ap-
proved, accepted, and confirmed by
the Nawab as a principal, in as far as
they concern him, as well for the
present as for the future.
Article 2.
There shall be a mutual oblivion
of all that passed during the pre-
valence of troubles which have now
ceased^s well as a peiject assurance
Article 1.
We have already used all our in-
fluence with the Nazim, and will con-
tinue doing so with a view to induce
him to withdraw his army, w soon as
the gentlemen of the Dutch Govern-
ment haye fulfilled his orders.
The Articles agreed upon between
the English and the Dutch cannot be
intermixed in the Treaty which the
Government of Hooghly is to con-
clude with the Nazim as principal.
Article 2.
Approved, so far as this article does
not contravene our alliance with the
Nazim of the country, and shall be
observed while friendship shall subsist
«
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNXGDS.
37
of friendship, fidelity, aiid communi-
cation between the two nations
through the respectable Chiefs of
each, without the toleration of any
hostility on either side, under any
pretext whatsoever. Each shall do
his best to maintain this good under-
standing and to augment the welfare
of both, without directly or in-
directly aiding those who may
desire to hurt either nation.
between our respective Sovereigns in BENGAL.
Europe. ' Na IV *
Article 3.
As the acts done have not resulted
from a declaration of war, our
troops and seamen cannot be con-
sidered as prisoners of war, subject
to a capitulation, but simply as
persons under temporary detention ;
they should, therefore, be released
and allowed to depart with military
honors.
Article 4.
That we shall be left in free,
quiet, and undiminished possession
of our establishments, commerce,
rights, and prerogatives.
Article 5.
That all persons, possessions,
establishments, lands, houses, ves-
sels, belonging as well as to the
Company as to individuals, and all
dependent thereon, shall be declared
free, and restored in the state in
which they were, in presence of the
special deputies of the two parties.
Article 3.
We do not regard the Dutch Officers
and troops as our prisoners, but as
those of the Nazim. We shall, there-
fore, be prepared to release them as
soon as the Government of Hooghly
shall have brought its negociations
with the Nazim to a close, with the
exception of such of them as may
wish to enter our service, or may apply
for the protection of the British flag.
•
Article 4.
We have never interrupted the Dutch
gentlemen in the enjoyment of their
just rights or privileges, and have no
intention to do so.
Article *5.
All the vessels, barks, &c, in our
possession, shall be restored as soon
as our demands shall have been com-
plied with, or an assurance given that *
they shall be, on the part of the Director
and Council of Hooghly.
• 4
• *
38
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL.
Article. 6.
No. IV. jfhQ ratifications shall be ex-
changed with approbation of the
• Directors on the part of the re-
spective Companies as soon as
^ practicable.
Article 7.
Finally, the two parties shall be
reciprocally guaranteed in respect
to the execution of the foregoing
Articles.
Executed at Garhetty,
th& 1st of December 1759.
Article 6.
Agreed.
Article 7. •
We do not see the necessity of this
Article.
Executed at Garhetty,
the Zrd of December 1759.
(Sd.) John Bacheracht. (Sd.) Richard Becher. ( ScStl.
»
J. C. Kist.
>>
John Cooke.
Agreed and resolved, that the French language, which has been used in
some copies of the present Treaty, and which it shall become necessary to
use hereafter in its execution, shall furnish no ground or any allegation to the
prejudice of the respective masters and principals of the two contracting
parties, but that matter shall be regulated according to the practice of the
principals who are in the habit«of dispatching and receiving similar treaties
and acts in other than the French language. •
Any separate Articles which may be appended shall have the same force
as if they had been inserted in the Treaty.
Ratification.
We, the undersigned, accept, by these presents, the foregoing Articles of a
mutual settlement negotiated and adopted for the general pacification of the
* establishments of our respective masters and principals through our Deputies,
namely, on the one part, Messrs. Richard Becher and John Cooke, Coun-
sellors at Fort William, and on the other, Messrs. John Bacheracht and John
Charles Kist, Members of the Political Council and of the Department of Justice
at Fort Gustavus here ; and we approve, confirm, and ratify the same, in the
r
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
89
name, and subject to the approbation of, our respective masters and prin- BENG AL
cipals in Europe, promising to cause immediately and faithfully the mutual No# ^'
restitution stipulated in the aforesaid Articles, with a view to the removal of
the misunderstandings and disorders which have hitherto prevailed, and, *
moreover, to bring the contents of this convention as far as may be necessary,
by means of a formal publication, to the knowledge of # all those who are *+ .
dependent on us, in order that the same may, in all essential points, be
religiously observed, so as to avoid in future whatever may tend to disturb
the friendship and good understanding now happily subsisting between our
respective establishments.
In witness whereof, we have signed and affixed to these presents the Seals
of the two East India Companies, respectively.
Given at Hooghly, the 4th Dec. 1759. Given at Calcutta, the Sth Dec. 1759.
(Sd.)
A. Bisdome. ( Coy's
E. L. Vebnet. V J
) (Sd.)
99
Robt. Clive.
C. Maxmxoham.
M. T8INCK.
99 •
W. F. Fkanklaxi>.
* J. L. V. SCHEVICHAVEN.
99
J. Z. IfoLWKf.L,
S. Dehooq,
99
W. Mackett.
P. W. Falck.
99
Thomas Bomjam,
»
W. B. SlMSRll,
99
W. McGuitfc,
Xo. V.
Guabaktbkd Agxeemext between the Dutch and the Nabob, 23rd AugMAt WW.
Articles agreed on by the
undermentioned Deputies ap-
pointed by the Directore and
Council for the Dutch East In-
dia Company in Bengal to be
performed on the part of the said
Company and conditions granted
them in consequence by the Na-
bob Jaffer Ally Cawn, Sujah al
Artikelen, goedgekeu'rd by
d'Onderge te^ke wle (i ed e\m Uxwlo
aangestetd van den DiwUdr en
Raad der Xederlandftchg ()<mt
Indische Camp: in Bengali, om
van wegens voom: camp: fj
worden nagckomcn : als raede v<Htr-
waarderw Een ingevolge van dizp
toegcstaan dooi den Xabab Jaffer
t
40
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
engal. Meulk Behadre, Mahau^ut Jung
**°* V * the performance of which said
Articles and conditions are at the
• request of both the contracting
^parties guaranteed to them re-
^ spectively 'by the undersigned
President and Council of Fort
William. ^
•
Article 1st.
The Directore and Council
shall immediately send away from
Chinchura and their other Fac-
tories all the Europeans they
have exceeding the number of
one hundred and twenty-five
gfanted them by Treaty : The
said men may remain on Board
of their Ships at Culpee or Fulta
till an opportunity offers of con-
veying them to Batavia.
Alychan SotLja-ul Molk Beadur,
de volbrenging der voorsz : artikelen
en voorwaardens, is op verzoek by
der contracteerende partjren, gegtl-
arandeerd door de respective On-
derget: President en raad van't
fort William.
Art 1.
Den DirectetLr en Raad van
Chinsura, ztillen onmiddeljrk van
Hotigly en hunne verdere Comp-
toiren alhier, wegzenden, alle de
manschap die't getal van 125, koppen
te boven gaat, hun by vorige
Tractaten toegestaan : zullende zig
deselve op een h&nner te Culpi
of Folta leggfende Scheepen zo
lang moeten ophotLden tot dat ze
by eene gemackelyke gelegenheid
Bataviawaards kunnen vervoerd
werden.
2nd.
That if they have erected any
new Fortifications or deepen'd or
yyden'd their Ditch since the
execution of their Treaty with
the Nabob they shall be imme-
diately reduced to their former
condition.
2.
Dat by aldien ze eenige nieuwe
vestingwerken hebben opgeworpen,
of hdnne grachten uytgediegt, ver-
groot of verwyderd zedert den dag
der volvoering van htin laast met
den Nabab geslotene Tractaat,
onmiddelyk tot hunne vorige staat
zullen wederbrengen.
3rd.
% TThat if they have augmented
their number of Guns or their
3.
Dat ingevalle zy't getal van htinne
canonen of Oorlogs ammonitie hebben
(
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
41
quantity of Military Stores
beyond what is necessary for the
ordinary uses of their Factory
the overplus shall immediately
be sent away in the same manner
as is mentioned in the first Arti-
cle regarding the men.
vermeerderd boven't geen zijtot 't BENGAL *
ordinair gebrtiyk in htinne bezit- No ' '
tingen benodigt hebben, zy't over-
schot in zelvervoegen ztillen doen *
verzenden als by't eerste artikel*
ten opzigte der manschap is ver-
meld.
4th.
That they shall never suffer
more than one Europe Ship at
a time to come higher up the
River than Culpee, Fulta or
Myapore without the express
leave of the Nabob first obtained.
5th.
The said Deputies on the part
of the said Directore and Coun-
cil do hereby renew, confirm and
ratify all the conditions by them
agreed on in the Treaty con-
cluded between the English
Commissaries on behalf of the
Nabob and the Commissaries on
•
the part of the said Directore
and Council the 3rd of Decem-
ber 1759 and more expressly and
particularly that part which
limits their forces in Bengal to
the number of one hundred and
twenty-five Europeans.
6th.
The said Directore and Coun-
cil shall now and at all times
4.
Dat ze nooyt ztillen gedoogen
meer dan een Europisch Schip,
tegelyk hooger dan Culpi, Folta of
Mayapour, te laten opkomen,
zonder alvorenB daartoe van den
Nabab eene tiytdruckelyke vergiin-
ning erlangt te hebben.
5.
De yporsz : Gecommitteerdens
van wegens den Directetir en Raad
van Chinstira, vernietiwen, beves-
tigen en ratificeeren mits deezen
alle de voorwaardens byen aan-
genomen in't Tractaat, gesloten
tdsschen de Engelsche Commisa :
als mede den Nabab tereene, en
den Directeur en Raad van Hougly
ter andere z^de, op den 3 Xber
1759 en in't byzonder dat gedeelte
welk de Militaire Magt in Ben-
gale op 125 Europeesen bepaalt
6.
De voorsz: Directetir en Raa$,
ztillen nti en ton alien tjrden, wan-
G
42
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
bengal. w hen the Nabob may require it
No ' Vf permit an officer of his together
with an English officer to review
• the men and Military Stores in
# Chinchura and their other Facto-
**■ ries. Or if any- pthcr means can
be agreed on between the Go-
vemor and Council of • Fort
William and the Directore and
Council of Chinchura whereby
the number of the men and the
quantity of Military^Stores may
be ascertained to the satisfaction
of the said Governor and Council
fc of Fort William so as that they
may be enabled to answer to the
Nabob as Guarantees for the
Security of his Country. In
such case the Nabob will not
insist upon the review.
neer 't de Nabab mogte requireeren
toestaan dat een zyner Officieren
verzeld met Engelsen, eenen der
hunne Manschap en Oorlogs voor-
raad te Chinstira en verdere Comp-
toiren overzien. Of indien men
tusschen den Gouverneur en Raad
van't Fort William en den Direc-
eur en Raad van Chinstira, door
eenige andere middelen kan ove-
reenkomen, waardoor den Gouver-
neur en den Raad* van't Fort
William konde tot deszelfs genoe*
gen verzekert werden van't getal
hunner manschap, en de hoeveelheid
van derzelver krygsvoorraad, en
Zyals vermiddelaar mogten &
mogende wezen, den Nabab een
voldoende antwoord te geven,
omtrend de veiligheid van zyn land,
dat alsdan in een alzulk geval de
Nabab niet zoude op de mostering
insteeren.
7th.
The Nabob's Duan Ray Rayen
Ameed Ray on the behalf of the
Nabob solemnly engages to the
said Directore and Council that
on their complying with the
before going conditions they
• shall hereafter be supported
in all their Rights, Liberties
and Prerogatives in Trade as
granted them by the Phir-
maunds of the Mogul.
7.
De Sfababs Duwan Raajr Raay-
aan Ameed Raay verbind zig
pligtelyk van wegens den Nabab,
aanden voorgemelden Directeur en
Raad, dat zodra zyzig de voorenge-
noemde voorwaarden hebben onder-
worpen, in alle hunne reglen,
Vry Heiden en Prerogativen, hiin
by Firmaans van de Mogol verleend,
zullen werden onderstetind.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
43
8th.
That they shall in future be
burthen'd with no new or un-
usual Taxes or Contributions
whatsoever, and particularly that
they shall be.freed from the pay-
ment of the sum exacted from
them for some years past by the
Subah of Patna under the title
of Peshcush due for the privi-
ledge of the Trade of Salt Petre ;
it not being just that the said
Directore and Council should
continue to pay for a priviledge
that they do not now hold.
9th.
That they shall have a free
and uninterrupted passage for
their Ships and Vessels in the
River with the exception men-
tioned in the 4th Article, as also
for their Oxen, Carts, Cooleys,
Peons, Cossids, &c, by land to
their usual destin'd Place with
the Seal of the Company and
that of the Directore or Chiefs
or other Servants properly qua-
lified without being subject to.
any impositions from any Phous-
dars, Jaguerdars, Chowkeydars,
Droghers or other Officers of
the Government.
10th.
That in consequence of the
several Phirmaunds by them
8.
BENGAL.
Dat zy in den aanstaande, met geend
nieuwe of ongewone geld afpers-
singen hoe genaamt, zullen werden
beladen, en voor nafnentlyk dat ze •
zfillen bevryd zyn tan de betaling
eener Somma, hun eenige jaaren
geleden door den Sotiba van Patna
voor de privilegie van den Salpeter
handel, onder den naam van Peeskea
afgeeischt, door dien't niet billyk
zoude zyn dat*gemelde Directeur
en Raad zoude continueSren te
betalen voor een privilegie dat
Zethans niet meer behouden.
9.
Dat ze voorhdnne Scheepen en
vaartuygen zullen hebben een vrye
en ongehinderde doortogt, egter
met deeze tiytzondering als by't
vierde artikel vermeld staat, zo-mede
over land, voor hfinne ossen, karren,
coulys, pions, casseds na htinne
gewoonlyke bestemde plaatsen ga-
ande, mits voorzien zynde met
't zegtil van de compt : en dat van
den Directeur opperhoofden of an-
dere daartoe geqtialificeerde Diena-
ren^ zondereenige belasting van
fau^daars, Jagierdaars, Chotikidaars,
Derrogas of andere officieren van de
Regeering, onderhevig te zjrn.
10.
Dat ingevolge van verscheidg
door htin verkregene Firmaans, den
NaV.
*
44
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
No.V.
bengal, obtained: The Dutch East In-
dia Company's Trade in the
Provinces of Bengal, Bahar and
• Orixa shall be free and uninter-
rupted in all Articles whatsoever,
excepting the purchase of Salt
Petre of which the Nabob has
granted to the English the Ex-
clusive Priviledge.
handel van de Nederlandsche Oost
Indische Comp: in Bengalen,
Behaar en Orixa, vry en ongestoord,
in alle artikelen hoegenaamt, zal
worden gedreven, uytgenomen den
Salpeter in zaam, welk voorregt den
Nabab aan d'Engelsen met ujtsluyt-
ing van alle andere heeft toegestaan.
11th.
That the Nabob will order the
account of their coinage in the
mint at Cariem Abaad to be ad-
justed and the balance which
may appear due to be discharg-
ed and that in future their Busi-
ness in the said Mint shall be
carried on without Molestation
or hindrance, and the nett pro-
duce be delivered without any
detention or unlawfull deduc-
tion.
11.
Dat de Nabab zal ordre geven
om de rekening van hunne vers-
tempeling in de Mtint te Carriem-
abaad effen te stellen, en't Saldo dat
blyven zal hennog te competeeren,
iiy t te keeren ; voorts dat in't toe-
komende, hunne bezigheden in de
voorsz: Munt, vortgang ztillen
nemen zonder eenige de minste
molestatie of verhindering, en dat
verders 'tnette produqt, zonder de-
minste aan of agter houding of
aftrekking voortaan zal werden
afgelegt. * *
Done at Fort William , this 23n/
of August 17 GO.
The above-mentioned Articles
having been duly ratified by the
Nabob on one part and on the
othor by the Directors and
Council of Chinchura are now
ftign'd by us the Governor and
Council of Fort William m
Guarantees,
Gegeven in't Fort William, den
23 Augustus 1760.
(Get.) J. P. de Wildk.
M. J oh. Bachekacht.
*»
Adriaan Bisdoni, directeor van
wegens "•de Edcle Nederlandsche
Oo*t Indische Maatsehappy in Ben-
galee Uehaar en Orixa benevens
den Uaad docn tc wetten, aan
t
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
45
Done at Fort William, this 22nd
day of September 1760.
(Signed) Henry Vansittart.
John Caillaud.
Wm. B. Sumner.
T. Z. Holwell.
W. McGuire.
S. Verelst.
S. L. Smyth.
Culling Smith.
»
»
yy
99
99
99
alien en eeniegelyk die het angaat bengal.
of eeniger wyze kan aangaan. * # Na v *
•
Alzco wy't oorbaar en geraden *
hebben gevonden eene conventia
met zyn Excellence den Heere
Jaffer Aliechan, Sotija tilmulk
Beadtir, Nawab der Provintien van
Bengalen, Behaar en Orixa &c, &c,
&c, aante gaan, door dewelke alle
zedert eenige tyd gevezene differ-
enten finaal in der minne mogten
vereffent worden, en wy weder zou-
den ktinnen gevoelen de vrtlgten en
emohimenteneenes vryen,ongestoor-
den en onverhinderden handela in
deese gewesten, zoveel ab't namelyk
* doenlyk is en de tyds omstandigheden
komen te lyden voorte deeze konven-
tie by wederzjrdse afgevaardigdena
• voorzien met een ampel bevel, op
aag en jaare ala daar by vermeld
Staat, in de vorenataande artikelen
en konditien, onder den middeling
• • en goarandie dea reapectiven Presi-
dent en Raad van't Fort William
* gealoten, ondergeechreven en gete-
kent is geworden ;
En vermita de inhoud van't voorsz : Inatr6ment dicteerd, dat de
acten van ratifikatien van d'eene & d'andere zyde in goede en behoor-
lyke forme zullen worden nytgewisaeld, binnen de tyd van twintig
dagen te rekenen van den dag der onderteekening ; zo ia't : Dat we,
om overtnygende bewyzen te geven, van onze opregtheid, en om te *
voldoen aan'tgeen onze gecommitteerdena voor ona beloofd hebben,
de vooraz : conventie in alle haare hoofden, artikelen en voorwaardena
generalyk zo veel in ona ia, egter onzer approbatie onzer Heeren en
i
46
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
bengal. Meesters en illibaat den eygendom van derzelver verkregeme waare
No. VI. r€ gteft, Vryheiden en besittingen alhier, hebben geaggreerd en
geratificeerd, gelyk wy, dezelve allises aggreeren en ratificeeren
•by dezen, belovende ter goeder trouwe en sinceetflyk, dat wf,
alle't geene alessis daarin, overeengekomen, gesloten en un by ona
geratificeerd is geworden, van point tot point ztillen nakonien, onder-
houden, en zorge dragen dat by onze onderhorige egalyk, zonder daar
tegen te doen direct of indirectelyk op wat wyze en manier 't ook zoude
m«ge wezen g'observeerd worde.
Tot bekragtiging en kondschap van alle het welke hebben wjr deeze
met onze hand onderteckend, en ons groot zegel daarby doen stellen.
GegeVen binnen't Fort Gustavus, ten onzen Nederlandschen Hoofd
Comptoire Hougly in Bengalen dezen 20
Getk.
yy
>y
a
»
yy
yy
M
September 1760.
1 An. Bisdom.
2 R. B. Armenatjlt.
3 L. ZUYDLAND.
4 M. Tsinck.
5 j. l. v. schbvichayen.
6 Sn. Dehoog.
7 J. C. Kist.
8 P. W. Falciu
No. VI. •
A Tbbayy between the Nabob Mbbb Mahomed Kossim Khan and the Compart.
Company's
Seal
Meer Mahomed
Kossim Khan
Behauder's Seal.
Two Treaties have been written of the same tenor, and reciprocally
exchanged, containing the Articles undermentioned, between Meer
t
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 4»7
Mahomed Kossim Khan Behauder and the *Nabob Shum's 6 Dowla, bengal,
Governor, and the rest of the Council, for the affairs of the English Na ^
Company; and during the life of Meer Mahomed Kossim Khan
Behauder, and the duration of the factories of the English Company *
in this country, this Agreement shall remain in force, God is witness*
between us that the following Articles shall in no wise be infringed
% by either party : —
Article 1.
The Nabob, Meer Mahomed Jaffier Khan Behauder, shall continue
in possession of his dignities, and all affairs be transacted in his name,
and a suitable income shall be allowed for his expenses.
Article 2.
The Neabut of the Soubahdarry of Bengal, f Azimabad and Orissa,
&c, shall be conferred by his Excellency, the Nabob, on Meer
Mahomed Kossim Khan Behauder ; he shall be invested with the
administration of all affairs of the Provinces, and after his Excellency
he shall succeed to the Government,
Article 3.
Betwixt us and Meer Mahomed Kossim Khan Behauder, a firm
friendship and union is established ; his enemies are our enemies, and
his friends are our friends.
•Article 4.
The Europeans and Telingas of the English Army shall be ready to
assist the Nabob, Meer Mahomed Kossim Khan Behauder, in the
management of all affairs ; and in all affairs dependent on him, they
shall exert themselves to the utmost of their abilities.
. ArticTle 5.
For all charges of the Company and of the said Army, and provisions
for the field, &c, the lands of Burdwan, Midnapore, and Chittagoug
• Governor Vansittart. t Or Behar.
4
48 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
bengal. s hall be assigned, and Sunnuds for that purpose shall be written and
No. vi. graced, xhe Company is to stand to all losses and receive all the
profits of these three countries, and we will demand no more than the
* three assignments aforesaid.
Article 6.
•
One-half of the Chunam produced at Sylhet for three years shall
be purchased by the Gomastahs of the Company from the people of
the Government, at the customary rate of that place. The tenants
and inhabitants of those districts shall receive no injury.
Article 7.
The balance of the former tuncaw shall be paid according to the
kistbundee agreed upon with the Royroyan. The jewels which have
been pledged shall be deceived back again.
Article 8.
We will not allow the tenants of the Circar to settle in the lands
of the English Company, neither shall the tenants of the Company be
allowed to settle in the lands of the Circar.
Article 9.
"We will give no protection to the dependents of the Circar in the
lands, or in the factories of the Company, neither shall any protection
be given to the dependents of the Company in the lands of the Circar ;
and whosoever shall fly to either party for refuge shall be delivered
up.
Article 10.
The measures for war and peace with the Shahzada, and raising
• supplies of money, and the concluding both these points, shall be weighed
, in the scale of reason, and whatever is judged expedient shall be put in
execution ; and it shall be so contrived by the joint councils, that he be
removed from this country, nor suffered to get any footing in it.
Whether there be peace with the Shahzada or not, our agreement with
Sf eer Mahomed Kossim Khan Behauder, we will (by the grace of God)*
TR1&TIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 49
inviolably observe, as long as the English Company's factories continue b engal.
in the country. _ • No ' yi -
Dated the 17 th of the month Sophctr, in the 1174 year of the Hegira,
or the 27th September 1760.
(Sign Manual of Meer Mahomed Kossim Khan.)
This was sealed on the 18th of the month
Sophar, in the eleven hundred and seventy-
fourth .year of the Hegira, and the proposals
agreed to. *
SUNNUDS GIVING EFFECT TO THE ABOVE TREATY.
1. Suxnud under the Seal of the N^bob Naseer ul Mulck, Imteaz 6 Dowla Nesserat
Juno Meer Mahomed Kossim Khan Behauder.
To the Zemindars, Canongoos, Talookdars, Tenants, Husbandmen and
Chiefs of the villages of the Pergunnah of Burdwan, &c, the Zemindarry of
the Rajah Tilluckchund, in the districts of the Soubah of Bengal : Be it known
that whereas divers wicked people have .traitorously stretched forth their
hands to plunder the subjects, and waste the royal dominions, for this reason
the said Pergunnah, &c, is granted to the English Company, in part of disburse-
ment of their expenses, and the monthly maintenance of five hundred Euro-
pean horse, two thousand European foot, and eight thousand sepoys, which are
to be entertained for the protection of the royal dominions. Let the above
officers quietly and contentedly attend and pay to the persons appointed by
the English Company the stated revenues, and implicitly submit in all things
to their authority. And the office of the Collectors of the English Company
is as follows : — They shall continue the zemindars and tenants in their places,
regularly collect the revenues of the lands, and deliver them in monthly, for
the payment of the expenses of the Company and the pay of the above men-
tioned. forces, that they may be always ready cheerfully and vigorously to
promote the affairs of the King. Let this be punctually observed.
Dated the 4th of the moon Rabbi-ul~Awul, 1st Sun, answering to the 1st
month of the Cautic 1176, Bengal style.
N. B. — Sunnuds for the Chuckla of Midnapore, in the districts of the
Soubah' of Orissa, and for the Thanna of Islamabad or Chittagong, apper-
taining to the Soubah of Bengal, are worded as the above. l ^
* H
i
•
50
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNTJDS.
BENGAU
2. Sunnud under the Seal of the Nabob Naseer ul Mulck, &c.
• To the Daroga of Chunam, to the Naib of Sylhet : Be it known, " that
whereas the English Company are constructing a Fort in Calcutta, and meet
with great obstacles in finishing that work in the want of stone chunam ; for
this reason it is ordered, that of whatever quantity of chunam is produced at
that place, one-half (the price thereof being received agreeable to the rate
of that place) be delivered to the Gomastahs of the English Company, for the
term of three years, that no delays may be occasioned in finishing the Fort
aforesaid ; and the other half is to be sent for the Circar. Let this be punc-
tually observed.
Dated the 4th of the moon Rabbi-ul-Awul, 1st Sun, answering to the 1st
of the month Cautic 1176, Bengal style.
No. VII.
Articles of a Treaty and Agreement between the Governor and Council of
Fort William, on the part of the English East India Company and the
Nabob Sujah ul Mulck, Hossam 6 Dowla, Meeb Mahomed Jaffike
Khan Behauder, Mahabut Jung, 1763.
Company's
large Seal.
The Seal of the Nabob
Meer Mahomed Jaffier Khan
Behauder, Mahabut Jung, &c.
On the part of the Company.
We engage to reinstate the Nabob Meer Mahomed Jaffier Khan
Behauder in the Soubahdarry of the Provinces of Bengal, Behar, and
Orissa, by the deposal of Meer Mahomed Kossim Khan ; and the
effects, treasure, and jewels, &c, belonging to Meer Mahomed Kossim
Khan, which shall fall into our hands, shall be delivered up to the
Nabob aforenamed.
On the part of the Nabob.
Article 1. *
The Treaty which I formerly concluded with the Company upon my
^accession to the Nizamut, engaging. to regard the honor and reputation
/
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 51
of the Company, their Governor and Council, as my own, grant- bengal:
ing perwannahs for the Currency of the Company's business ; the No * Yu '
same Treaty I now confirm and ratify.
Article 2. •
I do grant and confirm to the Company, for defraying the expenses
of their troops, the Chucklas of Burdwan, Midnapore, and Chittagong,
which were before ceded for the same purpose.
Article 3.
I do ratify and confirm to the English the privilege granted them
by their Firmaund and several Husbulhookums, of carrying on their
trade by the means of their own dustuck, free from all duties, taxes,
or impositions, in all parts of the country, excepting the article of salt,
on which a duty of 2£ per cent, is to be levied on the rowana, or
Hooghly market price.
Article 4.
I give to the Company half the saltpetre which is produced in the
country of Purnea, which their Gomastahs shall send to Calcutta,
The other half shall be collected by my Fouzdar, for the use of my
offices ; and I will suffer no other person to make purchases of this
article in that country.
• *
Article 5.
In the Chuckla of Sylheft, for the space of five years, commencing
with the Bengal year 1170, my Fouzdar and the Company's Gomastah
shall jointly prepare chunam, of which each shall defray half the
expenses ; and half the chunam so made shall be given to the Company,
and the other half shall be for my use. <
Article 6.
I will maintain twelve ^thousand horse and twelve thousand foot in
the three Provinces. If there should be occasion for any more, the
number shall be increased by consent of the Governor and Council,
52 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
bengal, proportionably to the emergency : Besides these, the force of the
No. VII. English Company shall always attend me when they are wanted.
Article 7.
Wherever I shall fix my court, either at Moorshedabad or elsewhere,
I will advise the Governor and Council ; and what number of English
forces I may have occasion for in the management of my affairs, I will
demand them, and they shall be allowed mc, and an English gentle-
man shall reside with me, to transact all affairs between me and the
Company, and a person shall also reside on my part at Calcutta to
negociate with the Governor and Council.
Article 8.
The late Perwannahs issued by Kossim Ally Khan, granting to all
merchants the exemption of all duties for the space of two years, shall
be reversed and called in, and the duties collected as before.
Article 9.
I will cause the Rupees coined in Calcutta to pass in every respect
equal to the siccas of Moorshedabad, without any deduction of batta ;
and whosoever shall demand batta shall be punished.
Article 10. 4
I will give thirty lakhs of Rupees to defray all the expenses and loss
accruing to the Company from the war and stoppage of their invest-
ment; and I will reimburse to all private persons the amount of
such losses, proved before the Governor and Council, as they may
sustain in their trade in the country. If I should not be able to
discharge this in ready money, I will give assignments of land for the
• amount.
•
Article 11. *
I will confirm and renew the Treaty which I formerly made with
Jjic Dutch.
t
treaties, engagements, and sunnuds. * 53
Article 12. beng al.
If the French come into the country, I will not allow them to erect °'
any fortifications, maintain forces, hold lands, Zemindarries, &c, but
they shall pay tribute, and carry on their trade as in former times.
Article 13.
Some regulations shall be hereafter settled between us for deciding
all disputes which may arise between the English Agents and Gomas-
tahs, in the different parts of the country, and my officers. .
In testimony whereof, we, the said Governor and Council, have set
our hands and affixed the seal of the Company to one part hereof;
and the Nabob aforenamed hath set his hand and seal to another
part hereof; which were mutually done and interchanged at Fort
William, the 10th day of July 1763.
(Signed) Henry Vansittart.
John Carnac.
William Billers. .
Warren Hastings.
Kandolph Marriott.
Hugh Watts.
Demands made on the part of the Nabob Meer Mahomed Jaffier Khan, and
agreed to. by the Council at the time of signing the Treaty.
Article 1.
I formerly acquainted the Company with the particulars of my own
affairs, and received from them repeated letters of encouragement and
kindness, with presents ; I now make this request, that you will write
in a proper manner to the Company, and also to the King of England,
the particulars of our friendship and union, and procure for me writ-
ings and encouragement, that my mind may be assured from that
quarter; that no breach may ever happen between me and the English,
and that every Governor, - Counsellor, and Chiefs of the English that
are here, or may hereafter come, may be well disposed and attached
to me. w>
4
•
*
54' treaties, engagements, and sunntjds.
bengal. Article 2.
Since all the English gentlemen, assured of my friendly disposition
to the Company, confirm me in the Nizamut, I request that to what-
ever I may at any time write, they will give their credit and assent,
• nor regard the stories of designing men to my prejudice, that all my
affairs may go oh with success, and no occasion may arise for jealousy
or ill-will between us.
Article 3.
Let no protection be given by any of the English gentlemen to
any of my dependents, who may fly for shelter to Calcutta or other
of your districts, but let them be delivered up to me on demand. I
• shall strictly enjoin all my Fouzdars and Aumils, on all accounts to
afford assistance and countenance to such of the Gomastahs of the
Company as attend to the lawful trade of their factories; and if any
of the said Gomastahs shall act otherwise, let them be checked in
such a manner as may be an example to others.
Article 4.
From the neighborhood of Calcutta to Hooghly, and many of their
Pergunnahs bordering upon each other, it happens, that, on complaints
being made, people go against the talookdars, ryots, and tenants of my
town, to the prejudice of the business of the Circar ; wherefore let
strict orders be given that no peons be sent* from Calcutta, on the
complaints of any one, upon my talookdars or tenants; but on such
occasions let application be made to me, or to the Naibs of the Fouz-
darry of Hooghly, that the country may be subject to no loss or devasta-
tions ; and if any of the traders, which belonged to the Bucksbunder
and Azimgunge, and have settled in Calcutta, should be desirous of
returning to Hooghly, and carrying on their business there as formerly,
let no one molest them. Chandernagore and the French factory were
• presented to me by Colonel Clive, and given by me in charge to Ameer
Beg Khan ; for this reason let strict order* be given that no English
gentleman exercise any authority therein, but that it remain, as
{jprinerly, under the jurisdiction of my people.
treaties, engagements, and sunnuds. 55
Article 5. bengal.
No. VIII
Whenever I may demand any forces from the Governor and Council
for my assistance, let them be immediately sent to me, and no demand
made on me for their expenses.
The demands of Nabob Shujah ul Mulck, Hossam 6 Dowla, Meer*
Mahomed Jaffier Khan Behauder, Mahabut Jung,* written in five
Articles, We, the President and Council of the English Company, do
agree and set our hands to, in Fort William, the 10th of July 1763.
(Signed) Henry Vansittart.
William Billers.
John Cartier.
Warren Hastings.
Randolrh Marriott.
Hugh Watts.
99
3?
99
99
99
No. VIII.
Nabob Meeb Mahomed Jaffter Ally Khan's Note for Five Lakhs of Rupees
per month, for the expenses of the Army, 1764.
Account of money settled for the expenses of the Europeans and
Sepoys, the Artillery, and raising of the Cavalry, which shall be paid
a montfi sooner or later, according to the particulars undermentioned,
from the beginning of the month Sophar (31st of July 1764) of the 5th
year of the reign, till the removal of the troubles with the Vizier, viz. :
In the Province of Bengal, at Moorshedabad... 3,00,000
In the Province of Behar, at Patna 2,00,000
Total, Rs. ... 5,00,000
Written the \§th of Rabbi-ul-Awul 9 the 5th year of the Jaloos, 16 f A
September 1764. *
N. B. — I will include in the aforesaid sum whatever balance may
be due from me on account of my former agreement with the Company.
j
3
56 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD&
B ENGAL. NO. IX.
No. IX.
Articles of a Treaty and Agreement concluded between the Governor and
. Council of Fort William, on the part of the English East India Company and
the Nabob Nudjum ul Dowla.
• On the part of the Company.
We, the Governor and Council, do engage to secure to the Nabob
Nudjum ul Dowla, the Soubahdarry of the Provinces of Bengal, Behar,
and Orissa ; and to support him therein with the Company's forces
against all his enemies. We will also, at all times, keep up such
force as may be necessary effectually to assist and support him in the
defence of the Provinces ; and as our troops will be more to be
depended on than any the Nabob can have, and less expensive to him,
he need therefore entertain none but such as are requisite for the
support of the Civil Officers of his government, and the business of his
collections through the different districts.
We do further promise, that in consideration the Nabob shall
continue to assist in defraying the extraordinary expenses of the war,
now carrying on against Shujah ul Dowla, with five lakhs o£ Rupees
per month, which was agreed to by his father ; whatever sums may
be hereafter received of the King, on account of our assistance
afforded him in the war, shall be repaid to the Nabob.
On the part of the Nabob.
In consideration of the assistance the Governor and Council have
agreed to afford, in securing to me the succession in the Soubahdarry
of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, heretofore held by my father, the late
Nabob Meer Jaffier Ally Khan, and supporting me in it against all my
enemies, I do agree and bind myself to the faithful performance of the
following Articles : —
• • Article 1.
•
The Treaty which my father formerly concluded with the Company,
upon his first accession to the Nizamut, engaging to regard the honor
and reputation of the Company and of their Governor and Council as
h^s own, and granting perwannahs for the curreency of the Company's
«
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND *ISUNNUDS.
57
trade, the same Treaty, as far as is consistent with the Articles BENGA Lt
hereafter agreed to, I do hereby ratify and confirm.
Article 2.
Considering tKe weighty charge of Government, and how essential*
it is for myaelf, for the welfare of the country, and for the Company's
business, that I should have a person who has. had experience therein
to advise and assist me, I do agree to have one fixed with me, with the
advice of the Governor and Council, in the station of Naib Soubah,
who shall accordingly have immediately under me the chief manage-
ment of all affairs 2 And as Mahomed Reza Khan, the Naib of
Dacca, has in every respect my approbation and that of the Gover-
nor and Council, I do further agree that this trust shall be conferred
on him, and I will not displace him without the acquiescence of those
gentlemen ; and in case any alteration in this appointment should
hereafter appear advisable, that Mahomed Reza Khan, provided he
has acquitted himself with fidelity in his administration, shall in such
case be reinstated in the Naibship of Dacca, with the same authority
as heretofore. '.
Article 3.
The business of the collection of the revenues shall, under the
Naib Soubah, be divided into two or more branches, as may appear
proper; «and as I havp the fullest dependence and confidence on
th§ attachment of the English and their regard to my interest and
dignity, and am desirous of giving them every testimony thereof,
I do further consent, that the appointment and. dismission of the
Muttaseddees of those branches, and the allotment of their several
districts, shall be with the approbation of the Governor and Council ;
and, considering how much men of my rank and station are obliged
to trust to the eyes and recommendations of the servants about them,
and how liable to be deceived, it is my further will that the Governor .
and Council shall be at liberty to object and point out to me when
improper people are entrusted, or where my officers and subjects
are oppressed, and I will pay a proper regard to such representations,
that my affairs may be conducted with honor, my people every where'*
be happy, and their grievances be redressed. *
s
I
4
58 treaties? engagements, and sunnxjds.
bengal. Article 4.
No. IX.
I do confirm to the Company, as a fixed resource, for defraying
the ordinary expenses of their troops, the Chucklas of Burdwan,
Midnapore, and Chittagong, in as full a manner as heretofore ceded
%y my father. The sum of five lakhs of Sicca Rupees per month for
their maintenance was further agreed to be paid by my father ; I
agree to pay the same out of my treasury, while the exigency for
keeping up so large an army continues. When the Company *s
occasions will admit of a diminution of the expenses they are put to
on account of those troops, the Governor and Council will then relieve
me from such a proportion of this assignment, as the increased
expenses incurred by keeping up the whole force necessary for the
defence of the Provinces will admit of: And as I esteem the
Company's troops entirely equal thereto and as my own, I will
only maintain such as are immediately necessary for the dignity of my
person and government, and the business of my collections throughout
the Provinces.
Article 5.
I do ratify and confirm to the English the privilege granted to them
by their Firmaund and several Husbulhookums of carrying on their
trade by means of their own dustuek, free from all duties, taxes or
impositions, in all parts of the country, excepting in the article of
salt, on which a duty of 2£ per cent, is to beJevied on the rowana or
Hooghly market price. •
V
Article 6.
I give to the Company the liberty of purchasing half the saltpetre
produced in the country of Purnea, which their Gomastahs shall
• send to Calcutta ; the other half shall be collected by my Fouzdar
• • for the use of my offices ; and I will suffer no other persons to make
• # purchases of this article in that country.
4.
Article 7.
• In the Chuckla of Sylhet, for the space of five years, commencing
with the Bengal y«ar 1171, my Fouzdar and a Gomastah on the
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 59
part of the Company shall jointly provide chunam, of which each beng al*
shall defray half the expense, and half the chunam so made shall be
given to the Company.
Article 8. •
Although I should occasionally remove to other pldces in the Pro-
vinces, I agree that the books of the Circar shall be always kept
and the business conducted at Moorshedabad, and that shall, as here-
tofore, be the seat of my government : and wherever I am, I consent
that an English gentleman shall reside with me to transact all affairs
between me and the Company, and that a person of high rank shall also
reside on my part at Calcutta to negotiate with the Governor and
Council.
Article 9.
•
I will cause the Rupees coined in Calcutta to pass in every respect
equal to the siccas of Moorshodabad, without any deduction of batta ;
and whosoever shall demand batta shall be punished : The annual loss
on coinage, by the fall of batta on the issuing of the new siccas, is a
very heavy grievance to the country ; and, after mature consideration,
I will, in concert with the Governor and Council, pursue whatever
may appear the best method for remedying it.
. , Article 10.
I will allow no Europeans whatever to be entertained in my service,
and if there already be any, they shall be immediately dismissed.
Article 11.
The kistbundee for payment of the restitution to the sufferers in the
late troubles, as executed by my father, I will see faithfully paid. No
delays shall be made in this business.
»
•Article 12.
I confirm and will abide by the Treaty which my father formerly
made with the Dutch. *
4
4
i
GO
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL.
""NoTxT
Article 13.
If the French come into the country I will not allow them to erect
any fortifications, maintain forces, or hold lands, zemindarries, &c,
but they shall pay tribute, and carry on their trade as in former times.
• Article 14.
•
Some regulations shall be hereafter settled between us for deciding
all disputes which may arise between the English Gomastahs and my
officers, in the different parts of the country.
In testimony whereof we, the said Governor and Council, have set
our hands, and affixed the seal of the Company to one part hereof; and
the Nabob before-named hath set his hand and seal to another part.
( A true copy )
( Signed ) W. Majendie, Secretary.
Mem. — This Treaty was executed by the President and Council of
Fort William, on the 20th of February 1765, and by the Nabob,
on the 25th of the same month.
No. X.
1. Fihmaund from the King Shah Aalum, granting the Dewanny of Bengal,
Behar, and Orissa to the Company, 1765.
At this happy time our royal Firmaund, indispensably requiring
obedience, is issued ; that whereas, in consideration of the attachment
and services of the high and mighty, the noblest of exalted nobles,
the chief of illustrious warriors, our faithful servants and sincere well-
wishers, worthy of our royal favors, the English Company, we have
granted them the Dewanny of the Provinces of Bengal, Behar, and
Orissa, from the beginning of the Fussel Rubby of the Bengal year
1 172, as a free gift and ultumgau, without the association of any other
person, and with an exemption from the payment of the customs of the
Dewanny, which used to be paid by the Court. It is requisite that
TKEATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
61
the said Company engage to be security for the sum of twenty-six b engal.
lakhs of Rupees a year, for our royal revenue, which sum has No * x '
been appointed from the Nabob Nudjum ul Dowla Behauder, and
regularly remit the same to the royal Circar ; and in this case, as the
said Company are obliged to keep up a large Army for the protection •
of the Provinces of Bengal, &c, we have granted to them whatsoever
may remain out of the revenues of the said Provinces, after remitting
the sum of twenty-six lakhs of Rupees to the royal Circar, and pro-
viding for the expenses of the "Nizamut. It is requisite that our jroyal
descendants, the Viziers, the bestowers of dignity, the Omrahs high
in rank, the great Officers, the Muttaseddees of the Dewanny, the
managers of the business of the Sultanut, the Jaghirdars and Croories,
as well the future as the present, using their constant endeavors for the
establishment of this our royal command, leave the said office in
possession of the said Company, from generation to generation, for
ever and ever. Looking upon them to be assured from dismission or
removal, they must, on no account whatsoever, give them any interrup-
tion, and they must regard them as excused and exempted from the
payment of all the customs of the* Dewanny and royal demands. Know-
ing our orders on the subject to be most strict and positive, let them
not deviate therefrom.
Written the 2\th of Sophar, of the 6th year of the Jaloos, the \2th
of August 1765.
• XJontents of the Zimmun.
Agreeably to the paper which has received our sign Manual, our
royal commands are issued,* that in consideration of the attachment
and services of the high and mighty, the noblest of exalted nobles,
thwhief of illustrious warriors, our faithful servants and sincere well-
wishers, worthy of our royal favors, the English Company, we have
granted them the Dewanny of the Provinces of Bengal, Behar, and •
Orissa, from the beginning of the Fussul Rubby of the Bengal year *
1172, as free gift and ultumgau, without the association of any other *
person, and with an exemption from the customs of the Dewanny,
which used to be paid to the Court, On condition of their being
security for the sum of twenty-six lakhs of Rupees a year, for our royal
revenue, which sum has been appointed from the Nabob Nudjum ul
4
*
62 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
bengal. Do W la Behauder ; and after remitting the royal revenue and pro-
No * x# viding for the expenses of the Nizamut, whatsoever may remain we
have granted to the said Company.
The Dewanny of the Province of Bengal.
• The Dewanny of the Province of Behar.
The*Dewanny of the Province of Orissa.
m
(a.) Firmaund from the King Shah Aalum for the Dewanny of the Province of
Bengal, 1765.
At this happy time our royal Firmaund, indispensably requiring
obedience, is issued ; that, in consideration of the attachment of the
high and mighty, the noblest of exalted nobles, the chief of illustrious
warriors, our faithful servants and sincere well-wishers, worthy of our
royal favors, the English Company, we have granted them as a free
gift and ultumgau, agreeably to the Zimmun, from the beginning of
Rubby Tuccacooy-ul of the Bengal year 1172, the office of the
Dewanny of the Khalsa Shereefa of the Province of Bengal (the Para-
*
dise of the Earth), with the conditional jaghire thereof, without the
association of any other person. It is requisite that our royal descend-
ants, the Viziers, the bestowers of dignity, the Omrahs high in rank,
the great Officers, the Muttaseddees of the Dewanny, the managers of
the business of the Sultanut, the Jaghirdars and Croories, as well the
future as the present, using their constant endeavors for the establish-
ment of this our royal command, leave the said office in possession
of the said Company, from generation to generation, for ever and ever.
Looking upon them to be insured from dismissal or removal, they
must, on no account whatsoever, give them any interruption, and they
must regard them as excused and exempted from the payment of all
the customs of the Dewanny and demands of the Sultanut. Knowing
our orders on this subject to be most strict and positive, let them not
deviate therefrom.
Written the 24fA of Sophar, of the 6th year of the Jaloos, the 12M of
• August 1765.
Contqjits of the Zimmun.
Agreeably to the papfrr which has received our sign Manual, we
liave granted the office of the Dewanny of the Khalsa Shereefa of the
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 63
Province of Bengal (the Paradise of the Earth), with the conditional bengal.
jaghire thereof, as a free gift and ultumgau, to the high and mighty, No# x '
the noblest of exalted nobles, the chief of illustrious warriors, our
faithful servants and sincere well-wishers, worthy of our royal favors,
the English Company, without the association of any other person, •
from the beginning of the Rubby Tuccacooy-ul of the Bengal year 1172.
Fort William, 30th September 1765.
(A true copy)
(Signed) Alexander Campbell, S s S. C.
(b.) Similar separate Firmaunds were granted for Behar and Orissa.
2. Fibmaund from the King Shah Aalum, confirming the Grants of Burdwan
and the rest of the Company's possessions in Bengal to them, 1765.
At this happy time our royal Firmaund, indispensably requiring
obedience, is issued ; that the Chucklas of Burdwan, Midnapore, and
Chittagong, and also the Twenty -four Pergunnahs of Calcutta, &c,
(the zemindarry of the high and mighty, the noblest of exalted nobles,
the chief of illustrious warriors, our faithful servants and sincere well-
wishers, worthy of our royal favors, the English Company,) which
wtere granted to the said Company in the time of Meer Mahomed
Kossim, and Meer Mahomed Jaffier Khan, deceased ; we, in considera-
tion of the attachment «of the said Company, have been graciously
pleased to confirm to them, from the beginning of the Fussul Ku^by
of the Bengal year 1172, as a free gift and ultumgau, ^without the
association of any other person. It is requisite that our royal descend-
ants, the Viziers, the bestowers of dignity, the Omrahs high in rank,
the great Officers, the Muttaseddees of the Dewanny, the managers of
the business of the Sultanut, the Jaghirdars and Croories, as well the
future as the present, using their constant endeavors for the establish- •
ment of this our royal command, leave the said Districts and Per-
gunnahs in possession of -the said Company, from generation to
generation, for ever and ever. Looking upon them to be insured from
dismission or removal, they must on no account whatsoever give them:
any interruption, and they must regard them as excused and exempted
J
64
TRKATTE8, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
bknoau from the payment of all manner of customs and demands. Knowing
No# x ' our orders on this subject to be most strict and positive, let them not
deviate herefrom.
Written the 24th of Sophar, of the 6th year of the Jaloos, the 12tk of
• August 1765.
^ Contents of the Zimmun.
Agreeably to the paper which has received our sign Manual, our
royal commands are issued, that the Chucklas of Burdwan, Midnapore,
and Chittagong, and also Twenty-four Pergunnahs of Calcutta, &c,
(the zemindarry of the English Company,) which were granted to the
said Company in the time of Meer Mahomed Kossim, and Meer
Mahomed Jaffier Khan, deceased, be confirmed to the said Company,
as a free gift and ultumgau, without the association of any other person.
Chuckla of Burdwan.
Chuckla of Midnapore.
Chuckla of Chittagong.
The Twenty-four Pergunnahs of Calcutta, &c. (the zemindarry of
the English Company.)
Fort William, 30th September 1765.
(A true copy)
(Signed) Alexander Campbell, S. S. C.
3. Articles of Agreement between the King Shah A alum and the Company.
The Nab*b Nudjum ul Dowla agrees to pay His Majesty,, out of the
revenues of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, the sum of twenty-six lakhs of
Rupees a year, without any deduction for batta on bills of exchange,
by regular monthly payments, amounting to Rupees 2,16,666*10-9
per month ; the first payment to commence from the 1st of September
of the present year: and the English Company, in consideration of
His Majesty's having been graciously pleased to grant them the
Dewanny of Bengal, &c, do engage themselves to be security for the
regular payment of the same. It shall be paid month by month, from
the factory at Patna to Rajah Shitabroy, or whomsoever His Majesty
may think proper to nominate, that it may be forwarded by him to the
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 65
Court. But in case the territories of the aforesaid Nabob should be BENGAL.
invaded by any foreign enemy, a deduction is then to be made out of No# x *
the stipulated revenues, proportionable to the damage that may be
sustained.
In consideration of Nudjuf Khan's having joined the English forces, •
and acted in His Majesty's service in the late war, His Majesty
will be graciously pleased to allow him the sum of two lakhs of Rupees
a year, to be paid by equal monthly payments : the first payment to
commence from the 1st of September of the present year ; and in de-
fault thereof, the English Company, who are guarantees for the same,
will make it good out of the revenues allotted to His Majesty from the
territories of Bengal. If the territories of Bengal should at any time
be invaded, and on that account a deduction be made out of the royal
revenue, in such case a proportionable deduction shall also be made out
of Nudjuf Khan's allowance.
Dated the \§th of August 1765.
Fort William, 30th September 1765.
(A true copy)
(Signed) Alexander Campbell, S. S. C.
4. Agreement between the Nabob Nudjum-ul-Dowlah and the Company.
The King having been graciously pleased to grant to the English *
Company the Dewanny of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, with the revenues
thereQf, fts a free gift «for ever, on certain conditions, whereof one
is that there shall be a sufficient allowance out of the said reve-
nues for supporting the expenses of the Nizamut : be it known
to all whom it may concern, that I do agree to accept of the annual
sum of Sicca Rupees 53,86,131-9, as an adequate allowance for
the support of the Nizamut, which is to be regularly paid as fol-
lows, viz. the sum of Rupees 17,78,854-1, for all my household *
expenses, servants, &c. and the remaining sum of Rupees 36,07,277-8, * •
for the maintenance of such horse, sepoys, peons, bercundauzes, &c, *
as may be thought necessary for my suwarry and the support of my
dignity only, should such an expense hereafter be found necessary
to be kept up, but on no account ever to exceed that amount: and,^
having a perfect reliance og ul Maeen Dowla, T desire he may have
K
66
TREATIES. ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
bengal, the disbursing of the above sum of Rupees 36,07,277-8, for the
No. XI. p Ur p 0ses before-mentioned. This Agreement (by the blessing of God)
I hope will be inviolably observed, as long as the English Company's
factories continue in Bengal.
• Fort William, 1
■>. i .
(A true copy)
(Signed) Alexander Campbell, S.S.C.
30*A September 1765.
No. XL
Articles of a Treaty and Agreement concluded between the Governor and
Council of Fort William, on the part of the English East India Compart
and the Nabob Syef ul Dowla.
On the part of the Company.
We, the Governor %nd Council, do engage to secure to the Nabob
Syrf ul Dowla, the Soubahdarry of the Provinces of Bengal, Behar,
and Orissa, and to support him therein with the Company's forces
against all his enemies.
On the part of the Nabob,
• ••
Article 1.
The Treaty which my father formerly concluded with the Company
upon his first accession to the Nizamut, engaging to regard the
honor and reputation of the Company and of the Governor and Council
as his own, and that entered into with my brother, Nabob Nazim ul
Dowla, the same treaties, as far as is consistent with the true spirit,
intent and meaning thereof, I do hereby ratify and confirm.
Article 2.*
The King has been graciously pleased to grant unto the English
JSast India Company the Dewannyship.of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa,
as a free gift for ev^r ; and I having an entire confidence in them, and
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
67
in their servants settled in this country, that nothing whatever be pro- BENG AL,
posed or carried into execution by them, derogating from my honor, Na XI *
dignity, interest, and the good of my country, do therefore, for the better
conducting the affairs of the Soubahdarry, and promoting my honor
and interest, and that of the Company, in the best manner, agree that #
the protecting the Provinces of Bengal, Behar, and .Orissa, and the
force sufficient for that purpose, be entirely left to their discretion and
g$od management, in consideration of their paying the King Shah
Aalum, by monthly payments, as by Treaty agreed on, the sum of
Rupees 2,16,666 10-9 ; and to me, Syef ul Dowla, the annual stipend of
Rupees 41,86,131-9, viz. the* sum of Rupees 17,78,854-1 for my house,
servants, and other expenses indispensably necessary ; and the remaining
sum of Rupees 24,07,277-8 for the support of such sepoys, peon3, and
bercundauzes as may be thought proper for my suwarry only ; but on
no account ever to exceed that amount.
Article 3.
The Nabob Minauh Dowla, who was, at the instance of the Gover-
nor and Gentlemen of the Council, appointed Naib of the Provinces,
and invested with the management of affairs, in conjunction with
Maba Rajah Doolubram, and Juggat Seat, shall continue in the same
post and with the same authority ; and having a perfect confidence
in him, I moreover agree to let him have the disbursing of the above
sum of Rupees 24,07,277-8, for the purposes above-mentioned.
This Agreement (by 'the blessing of God) I hope will be inviolably
observed, as long as the English Company's factories continue in
Bengal.
Dated this 19 th day of May, in the year of our Lord 1766.
(Signed) W. B. Sumner*
H. Verelst.
»
»}
»
99
i>
99
99
Randolph Marriott.
H. Watts.
Claud Russell.
W. Aldersey.
Thomas Kelsall.
Charles Floyer.
68 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGA L. • NO. XII.
No. XII.
Treaty with Mobarek ul Dowla.
The
Company's
Seal.
(Signed) E. Baber, Secretary.
m
Articles of a Treaty and Agreement between the Governor and Council of Fort
William, on the part of the English East India Company and the Nabob
Mobarek ul Dowla, dated 21st March 1770.
On the part of the Company.
We, the Governor and Council, do engage to secure to the Nabob
Mobarek ul Dowla the Soubahdarry of the Provinces of Bengal,
Behar, and Orissa, and to support him therein with the Company's
forces against ail his enemies.
On the part of the Nabob.
Article 1.
The Treaty which my father formerly concluded with the Company
upon his first accession to the Nizamut, engaging to regard the honor
and reputation of the Company, and of the Governor and Council as
his own, and that entered into with my brothers, the Nabobs Nazim
ul Dowla and Syef ul Dowla, the same Treaties, as far as is consist-
ent with the true spirit, intent, and meaning thereof, I do hereby
ratify and confirm.
Article 2.
The King has been graciously pleased to grant unto the English
East India Company the Dewannyship of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa,
as a free gift for ever; and I, having an entire confidence in them
and in their servants settled in this country, that nothing whatever
be proposed or carried into execution by*them derogating from my
honor, interest, and the gbod of my country, do therefore, for the better
conducting the affairs of the Soubahdarry and promoting my honor and
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
69
interest and^that of the Company,"in the best manner, agree that the bengal.
protecting the Provinces of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, and the force No * XI1 '
sufficient for that purpose, be entirely left to their direction and good
management, in consideration of their paying the King Shah Aalum, •
by monthly payments, as by Treaty agreed on, the sum of Rupees two #
lakhs sixteen thousand six hundred and sixty-six, ten* annas, and nine
pice — Rupeefc 2,16,666-10-9 ; and to me, Mobarek ul Dowla, the annual
stipend of Rupees thirty-one lakhs eighty-one thousand nine hundred
and ninety-one, nine annas — Rupees 31,81,991-9, viz. the sum of Rupees
fifteen lakhs eighty-one thousand nine hundred and ninety-one, nine
annas — Rupees 15,81,991-9, for my house, servants, and other expenses,
indispensably necessary ; and the remaining sum of Rupees sixteen
lakhs, Rupees 16,00,000, for the support of such sepoys, peons, and
bercundauzes, as may be thought proper for my suwarry only ; but on
no account ever to exceed that amount. #
Article 3.
The Nabob Minauh Dowla, who was, at the instance of the Gover-
nor and Gentlemen of the Council, appointed Naib of the Provinces,
and invested with the management of affairs, in conjunction with Maha
JEtajah Doolubram, and Juggat Seat, shall continue in the same post,
and with the same authority ; and, having a perfect confidence in him,
I moreover agree to let him have the disbursing of the above sum
of Rupees sixteen lakhs, for the purposes above-mentioned.
This *Agreement (by the blessing of God) shall be inviolably
observed fojr ever.
Dated this 2\st day of March, in the year of our Lord 1770.
(Signed) John Cartier.
Richard Becher.
William Aldersey.
Claud Russell.
Charles Flqyer.
99
99
99
99
(Signed) John Reed.
Francis Hare.
Joseph Jekyll.
Thomas Lane.
Richard Barwell.
99
99
99
99
(A true copy)
(Signed) W. Wynne, Secretary.
70 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD8.
BENGAL. No. XIII.
No. XIII.
Treaty with Denmark, 22nd February 1845.
VI CHRISTIAN DEN OTTENDE
# — Ap Gods Naade —
Konge til Datimark de Venders og Gbthers Hertug til Slesvig,
Holsteen, Stormorn, Ditmersken Lauenborg og Oldenborg.
Gjorc Vitterligt At da vi med det Britisk Ostindiske Compagnie
ere blevne enige om at afslutte en paa gjensidigen fordeelagtige
Grundvolde bygget Tractat angaaende Overdragelsen af vore Eta-
blisementer paa Indiens Fastland til formeldte Compagnie, og dette
Qiemed nu er bleven ivoerksat idet en saadan Tractat er bleven
afsluttet med GouverneUren over yore Etablisementer i Indien, Som
dertil fra vor side befuldmoegtiget, og General GouverneUren over
Britisk Indien med Raad paa bemoeldte Compagnies Vegne hvilken
Tractat der er undertegnet i Calcutta den Toogty vende Februar dette
Aar Ord til andet lyder Saaledes.
Treaty for the transfer of the Danish Settlements on the Continent
of India between His Majesty the King of Denmark and the Honor-
able East India Company, settled by Peter Hanson, Esq., Councillor
of State, Governor of His Danish Majesty's Possessions in India,
Knight of the Order of Dannebrog, in virtue of powers delegated to
him on the 30th September 1841, by His Majesty the King of Den-
mark, and the Governor-General of India in Council, Lieutenant-
General the Right Honorable Sir Henry Hardihge, G. C. B., Governor
General of India, the 'Honorable Frederick Millett, Member of
Council, and the Honorable Major-General Sir George Pollock, G. C. B. f
Member of Council, in virtue of powers delegated to them by the
Honorable the Secret Committee of the Court of Directors on the
1st July 1842.
# Done in Calcutta, on the 22nd day of February One Thousand Eight
Hundred and Forty-five.
In the Name of tHe Most Holy and ^Undivided Trinity.
Article L
• His Majesty the King of Denmark engages to transfer the Danish
Settlements on the Continent of India, with all the public building!
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 71
and Crown property thereunto belonging, to the Honorable the British B ENGAL.
East India Company, in consideration of the sum of 12,50,000 (twelve Na XIIL
lakhs and fifty thousand) Company's Rupees, which sum the Honorable
the British East India Company engage to pay, on the ratification of
the present Treaty, either in Company's Rupees at Calcutta, or by.
Bills on London at one month's sight in sterling money, at the rate
of exchange of two shillings for each Rupee, or in such proportion of
Cash or Bills, at the above rate, as may be most convenient to the
Danish Government.
Article II.
The Settlements and Crown property referred to above are : —
I. — The Town of Tranquebar, on the Coromandel Coast, with the
districts thereunto belonging, for which an annual sum of 2,500 Gold
Pardaux, or about 4,000 Company's Rupees, is to be paid to the Rajah
of Tanjore, and the following buildings and Crown property, viz. :
A. — Fort Dansborg, with buildings therewith connected, and
thirteen Brass Guns mounted on the ramparts, and other stores.
B. — The Government House situated opposite to the Fort.
C. — A country residence for the Governor at the Village of
Porreiar.
D. — A Garden, with a bungalow, at the Village of Tittaly, possessed
by the Governor.
E. — A building in the Town, with garden adjacent, used as
hospital.
F. — A house in the ^Town occupied by the Medical Officer of the
Settlement.
G. — A house and office on the beach for the Master Attendant.
H. — Two brick-built godowns.
Besides public roads, bridges, sluices, a number of fruit and other
trees, and all other immoveable Crown property of any description
whatever, together with such moveable articles as belong to the
* public offices, or are destined for public use, the furniture and move-
ables in the Government House not being herein included.
IL — The Town of Frederiksnagore or Serampore, in the Province
of Bengal, comprising 60 biggahs, commonly called Frederiksnagorc,
and the districts of Serampore, Akna, and Pearapore, # for which di*-,
tricts an annual sum pf Sicca Rupees 1,601 i» , to be 1 to tl
72 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BENGAL. Zemindars of Sewraphully, for the timg being, with the following
No. xiii. p U bli c property : —
A. — The Government House.
B. — The Secretary's House and Offices. •
• C. — The Court house, with Jail annexed.
D. — The Church, commonly called the Danish Church.
E. — The Bazar, containing more or less 6 biggahs ana 13 cottahs,
. with a range of godowns on the north side, and two godowns on the
west side: the remaining part of the ground being occupied by
private godowns, the owners paying an annual ground rent.
F. — Two small brick-built Guard Houses on the banks of the river.
Besides public roads and bridges, a canal from the fields of the
Village of Pearapore, through the adjacent villages, to the river, and
all other immoveable Crown property of any description whatever,
together with such moveable articles as belong to the public offices,
or are destined for public use.
III. — A piece of ground at Balasore, formerly a factory, containing
18 biggahs 2 cottahs and 12 chittacks of tenanted ground.
Article III.
The Church of Zion, and the Mission Churches of Jerusalem and
Bethlehem in Tranquebar, the Roman Catholic Church and Chapels
at the same place, the Roman Catholic Church in Serampore ; the
Serampore College and the Serampore Native Hospital having been
built, or etsablished by private means, these Churches and Institu-
tions, with all their goods, effects, and property, moveable as well as
immovable, are belonging to the respective Congregations, Communi-
ties, and Societies, and are not therefore included with the present
transfer.
Article IV.
The inhabitants of the aforesaid Settlements, Europeans as well as"
* Natives, who continue to reside within the Settlements, will be placed
under the protection of the general Law t>f British India, and their
religious, personal, or acquired rights, as formerly enjoyed under the
•Danish Government, will be respected as all rights of person or
property are throughout British India.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 73
All suits commenced and pending in the Danish Courts at the time bengal^
the Treaty comes into force, shall be carried on and decided by the No ' Xllil
same Law as far as altered circumstances will allow.
The same will be observed in all cases of appeal subsequent to the
Treaty, but no complaint or suit which has been finally settled and *
decided under the Danish Administration, and not appealed in due
time under observance of the rules for appeal then in force, shall be
deemed appealable ; nor shall it be lawful to bring forward again, sub-
sequently to the conclusion of this Treaty, by petition, complaint or
otherwise, such cases as have been already finally determined by
competent authority.
Article V.
Nothing in the present Treaty shall affect the Trade now carried on,
or about to be carried on, by the subjects of His Danish Majesty in the
ports of the East Indies, nor shall the Trade be more restricted than it
would have been in case His Danish Majesty had continued to possess
the Settlements now transferred.
Article VI.
The Church Missionary Board at Copenhagen for the propagation
of the* Gospel shall be at liberty to continue their exertions in India
for the conversion of the Heathens to the Christian religion, and shall
be afforded the same protection by the Government of India as similar
English Societies under #the general Law of the land; the rig/its and
immunities granted to the Serampore College by Royal Charter, of
date 23rd of February 1827, shall not be interfered with, but continue
in force in the same manner as if they had been obtained by a Charter
from the British Government, subject to the general Law of British
India.
Article VII.
The Danish Government engage to meet all pensionary claims and
engagements connected with the aforesaid Settlements, and the East
India Company shall not be liable for any such claims or engagements
whatever, with the exception of the yearly payments of the soil to the
Rajah of Tanjore, and the Zemindar of Sewraphully, as m<
Article II.
4
•
74? treaties, engagements, and sunnuds.
bengal. Article VIII.
No. XIII.
All sums not belonging to the Royal Treasury and under the charge of
the Court of Wards or of any of the public functionaries of the Danish
Government in their official capacity, shall be received by such
Public Officer or Officers as the Governor-General of India in Council
may direct, and # shall be carried to account and administered by such
Public Officer or Officers in the same manner and under the same
rules and responsibility as similar property is administered under the
general Law of the land.
Article IX.
The present Treaty of Nine Articles shall be ratified, and the ratifi-
cations exchanged in Calcutta within six months from the date hereof,
or sooner if possible.
Done at Calcutta on the Twenty-second day of February, in the year
of our Lord One Thousand Eight-hundred and Forty-Jive.
(Signed) P. Hanson. (Signed) H. Hardinge.
„ F. Millett.
„ Geo. Pollock.
Saa ville vi have forestaaende Tractat stadfoestet bekroeftet og ra^ifi-
ceret udi alle deus Ord, Punkter Clauseler ligesom vi samme ogsaa
herved paa bedste og kraftigste Maade som skee kan for Os og Vore
Efterkommere Arvingcrog Successercr til dei* Danske Trone«stadfoeste
bekroefte og ratificcre med vort Kongelige Ord lovende og tilsigende
at samme af Os og dem troligen fast og urykkeligt skal vorde overholdt
efterkommet og fuldbyrdet.
Til ydermere Bekroeftelse have vi deune Ratification med vor
egen haand underskrevet og ladet vort store kongelige Segl samme
vedhoenge.
Givet i vor kongelige Residents Stad Kjobenhavn den Tredivte Mai
Aar efter Christi Byrd Eet Tusind Ottc Hundred fyrgetyve og fern
i vor Regjerings Sjette Aar. %
(Signed) Christian, R.
(Signed) C. Csarlieb. Fr. Brantz. Fr. Sponneck. ^
• (Signed) Oiisten. *^ m
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
75
The undersigned having met together for the purpose of exchanging bengal.
the Ratifications of a Treaty between His Majesty the King of Den- °*
mark and the Honorable East India Company for the transfer of the
Danish Settlements on the Continent of India, with all the Public
Buildings and Crown property thereunto belonging, to the East*
India Company, in consideration of the sum of 12*,50,000, twelve
lakhs and fifty thousand Company's Rupees, concluded and signed in
Calcutta on the 22nd day of February, in the year of our Lord 1845,
and the respective Ratifications of the said Instrument having been
carefully perused, the said exchange took place this day in the usual
form.
In witness whereof they have signed the present Certificate of
Exchange, and have affixed thereto the seals of their Arms.
Done in Calcutta, the Sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One Thousand Eight Hundred and Forty-five.
On the part of the East
(Signed) T. H. Maddock.
India Company
<
99
F. MlLLETT.
99
C. H. Cameron.
On the part of His Ma-
jesty the King of
Denmark
(Signed) L. Lindhard.
4
ft
CACHAR.
Kajah Govind Chunder, of Cachar, succeeded his brother, Kishen
Chunder, ia 1813. In 1818 Cachar was invaded by Marjeet Sing,
from Munnipore, and continued to be the arena of contention between
the sons of Jai Sing of Munnipore, until the commencement of 1823,
when Gumbheer Sing obtained the ascendancy. Soon afterwards the
Burmese invaded Cachar, from which they were expelled during the
first Burmese War, when the legitimate Rajah, Govind Chunder, waa
restored by Treaty (No. XIV.)
Kajah Govind Chunder's authority was successfully resisted in the
hilly tracts on the north by Toola Ram. This man's father, Kacha
Din, had been a khidmutgar in the service of the late Rajah Kishen
Chunder. He was appointed to an office in the hills, but rebelled, and
was murdered by Govind Chunder. Toola Ram, then a chuprassie in
the Rajah's service, fled to the hills, whence every effort of Govind
Chunder failed to expel him. In order to terminate a contest so inju-
rious to the welfare of the country, Rajah Govind Chunder was induced
to assign to Toola Ram the tract of country in the hills then in his
possession.
In 1830 Govind Chunder was assassinated, and there being no
descendant, either lineal or adopted, Cachar, with the exception of the
hilly tract assigned to Toola Ram, was annexed to the British
dominions.
In 1832 Toola Ram was arrested on a charge of murder. It appears
he ordered the execution of two men who had attempted his life, but
for this act he was not deemed amenable to British jurisdiction, and
on 16th October 1834 he entered into an Agreement (No. XV.)* in
which he resigned the western and retained the eastern portion of his
country.
In October 1844 Toola Ham, being stricken in years, transferred the
management of his State to bin two sons, Nookoolram and Brijnath.
Toola Ram died in 1850, and in 1H,">3 Xookoolram was killed in an
{ft tack on the Dishoinah Najjiis, and the country, the Sovereignty of „
• %
rp=A.-;£ac53TSw jjc sosvr^
v *
which hid raaSy baseii ot ib* iffiizx ,*c Gc«vwL Cxsa&r* w*$ WWWKvt v " V0H v *
by the British G a»cc p i i iu*m
On the anthem roarer oc Gtcibir jks :i* serrwrc o* ;St* l^v^kai
Kookees. This trit* as a moec w*r£ke ocue* aad m* \MS»A^ \brow
up die Kookies from the seed* into Caca*r» The tv&w*l rvUttvM* «
on this frontier were is this time in the h&Sb.U ot CVloWl LUt*r% *nv)
this Officer, by a judkico* employcaent ot" the K\vkie$ as svMicrs* and
by an expedition undertaken against the LhvKxshais to punish them
for certain depredations, exerted such a salutary utttuenee over them
that they hare never given trouble since* The Rookies thai wew>
driven into our territories are now comfortably settled within them,
and their young men form the Levy, which is an exceedingly u*et\tl
and cheap body of Military Police in the district Hut the Lhooalud*
are, in their turn, being pressed up northwards by another tribe Mill
more powerful than themselves, called the Pois. who are approaching
from the south-east Several deputations have been sent to u* from
their Rajahs, praying for assistance in muskets and ammunition, and
offering to settle in onr territory as subjects. TIioho deputation* aro
ever kindly received, the assistance required consistently rolumnl, but
protection offered should they be necessitated to quit, their country
and flee into ours, on their submitting to our law*, ('nnnnunlcatlnu
with the Lhooshais is now frequent, Bengalee trader* tfolnn up to
their villages, and returning with ivory and wax in return for nail,
clothes, &c. Timber merchants are uIho now in the habit, of employ-
ing Lhooshais in felling* the trees in their (bre*t* ( which urn Honied
down the mountain streams to the Barak. Thi* *tato of lliln^/a I* not'
of long occurrence, and but a few year* ago the *oiitheni puff* of our
plains lived in a constant state of panic, and without, any itoifiiiiiiiilea
tion with the savages.
The British Government ha* no treaty with Tipp^r/ib,
The Rajah of Tipperah stand* in a pwnliar |ro*W)"n, oi/mooo h «« \tl
addition to the Hill Territory known a* " \wU<\ft<u*Uid 'J )pp'«M»b/' Uh
is the holder of a very conai/terahlf, Y&tHiwfotty )tt Iht* itUlth't nf #
Tipperah in the plain* ; hfrtt'wve* hi« iht* ' *tUtfr*\ ft wit Ihn Ht'tlUtt
Government, and j* rwjairt'l u* \t%y th* h*uu\ uu/./*ttntttt '\Uh
wmttoy 4*UftihUt'/i t>y lh*i b\*\t*huiuiMtl *tf *
78 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS,
5^ CHA _5: ' Joob-Raj' or Heir Apparent, whom the Rajah is considered incompetent
o. xiv. |. a pp ; n t 5 until he has himself been invested by the British Govern-
ment. The present Rajah was recognised by the Government in 1849.
Independent Tipperah is not held by gift from the British Govern-
• ment or its predecessors, or under any title derived from it or them,
never having been subjected by the Mogul.
No. XIV.
Treaty concluded between David Scott, Esquire, Agent to the Governor-General,
on the part of the Honorable East India Company and Rajah Govind Cbtgndu
Nabyn, of Cachar, or Heruinba.
Article 1.
Rajah Govind Chunder, for himself and his successors, acknowledges
allegiance to the Honorable Company, and places his country of Cachar,
or Herumba, under their protection.
Article 2.
The internal government of the country shall be conducted by the
Rajah, and the jurisdiction of the British Courts of Justice shall not
extend there ; but the Rajah agrees to attend at all times to the advice
offered for the welfare of his subjects, by the Governor-General in
Council, and agreeably thereto to rectify any abuses that may arise
in the administration of affairs.
Article 3.
The Honorable Company engages to protect the territory of Cachar
from external enemies, and to arbitrate any differences that may arise
between the Rajah and other States. The Rajah agrees to abide by
such arbitration, and to hold no correspondence or communication
with foreign powers, except through the channel of the British
Government.
•
•
treaties, engagements, and sunncds. 79
Article 4. cacHa b,
No. XIV.
In consideration of the aid promised by the above Article, and other
circumstances, the Rajah agrees to pay to the Honorable Company, from
the beginning of the year 1232 B. S., an annual tribute of ten
thousand Sicca Rupees, and the Honorable Company engages to •
provide for the maintenance of the Munipoorean Chiefs lately occupy-
ing Cachar.
Article 5.
If the Rajah should fail in the performance of the above Article,
the Honorable Company will be at liberty to occupy and attach, in
perpetuity, to their other possessions, a sufficient tract of the Cachar
country, to provide for the future realization of the tribute.
Article 6.
The Rajah agrees, in concert with the British local Authorities,
to adopt all measures that may be necessary for the maintenance, in
the district of Sylhet, of the arrangements in force in the Police,
Opium, and Salt Departments.
Executed at Buddeerpore, this 6th day of March 1824, correspond-
ing with the 24th of Fagoon 1230 B. S.
(Signed) D. Scott,
Agent to the Governor- General.
(A true copy)
(Signed) D. Scott,
Agent to the Governor- General.
4
80
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD&
CACIIAR.
No. XV.
No. XV.
Teems of Agreement concluded with Tool a Ram Seenaputtee, on the 3rd Novem-
ber, under the orders of Government, dated 16th October 1834.
«
First. — Toola Ram foregoes all claims to the country between the
Morihur and Dyung and the Dyung and Keopoli Rivers, from which
he was dispossessed by Govind Ram and Doorga Ram.
Second. — Toola Ram is to hold the remainder of the country for-
merly in his possession, or the tract of country bounded on the west
by the Dyung River, and a line to be determined hereafter, drawn
from the Baree Ford or the Dyung to a point on the Jumoona River,
between the cultivation of Seil Dhurmpore and of Duboka and the
Hajaee (excluding the two latter). By the Jumoona and Dyung
Rivers north, by the Dunsira River east, and to the south and south-
west by the Naga Hills and Mowheir River, and he agrees to hold 'the
above tract in dependence on the British Government, and to pay a
yearly tribute* for their protection, of four pairs of elephants' teeth,
each pair to weigh thirty-five seers.
Third. — Toola Ram, during his life, shall receive from the British
Government a stipend of fifty Rupees a month, in consideration of the
foregoing Cessions and these Agreements.
Fourth. — The British Government shall have the right of placing
Military posts in any part of Toola Ram's country, and should there
be occasion to march troops through it, Toola Ram engages to furnish
them with all the requisites of carriage and •provisions in Ms power,
he being paid for the same.
Fifth. — All petty offences committed within Toola Ram's country
he shall take cognizance of, and do justice according to the custom of
the country, but all heinous crimes shall be transferred to the nearest
British Court, and Toola Ram engages to bring such to notice, and
endeavor to apprehend the offenders.
Sixth. — Toola Ram shall not establish any custom chowkies on the
rivers forming the boundaries of his country.
Seventh. — Toola Ram will not commence any military operations
against neighboring Chiefs without permission of the British Go-
vernment, and in case of being attacked, he shall report the same and
* This was subsequently commuted to a money tribute of Rs. 490 a year.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
81
be protected by British troops, provided the British Authorities are CACHAR.
satisfied that the aggression has been unprovoked on his part. xv *
Eighth. — Ryots shall not be prevented from emigrating to, and
settling on, either side of the boundary they may prefer.
Ninth. — In case of failing to abide by these conditions, the British • ~
Government shall be at liberty to take possession of my country.
(Signed) Toola Ram Seenaputtee.
Witnesses.
Bapoor Ram Muntree,
Burrah Phoohan.
Habeeeain Mozoomdar,
Bowoah.
Madhorain Rajah Khon.
(Signed) Frans. Jenkins,
Agent to the Governor- General.
JYNTIA AND COSSIAH HILL TRIBES.
•
TnE Cossiah and Jyntia Hill Territory is administered by an
Assistant attached to the Assam Commission. The value of the
export and import trade of the country with Assam is about
Rupees 30,000 a year ; and with the Bengal Plains about 10J lakhs,
the exports being 7 lakhs. The total revenue from land and taxes in
1857 amounted to Rupees 23,023.
The first Treaty (No. XVI.) with Jyntia was concluded in 1824.
The Rajah Ram Sing rendered no assistance during the Burmese
war, but his country was taken under protection, and the Rajah
agreed to acknowledge allegiance to the British. In 1835 it ha^ng
been proved that the Rajah Raj Indro Sing, while heir apparent, had,
in 1832, connived at, if he had not actually ordered, the kidnapping of
four British subjects for the purpose of human sacrifice, Government
confiscated his possessions in the Plains, and the Rajah voluntarily
surrendered his possessions in the Hills, and accepted a pension of
Rupees 500 a month.
The population of the Jyntia Hills is about 40,000 souls, and of
the Cossiah Hills about 82,400.
The Cossiah States are twenty-five in number, of which five* are com-
monly called the " Semi-independent States." The
* 1. Cherra Poonjce. . - . . . - *. . . .
2. Khyrim. Chiets exercise civil and criminal jurisdiction over
4! Sungree! • their own people in all matters pertaining exclusively
6. Nuspoong. to thenu With exception of cherra Poonjee and
Khyrim the British Government has no formal agreement with the
Chiefs of any of these five States, but the Chiefs have always been
required to deliver up criminal refugees, and to obey all the mandates
of the British Government, and it has been the invariable practice
to treat them all in the same manner as the Cherra Rajah is
treated.
The Treaty (No. XVII.) with the Cherra Rajah, Dewan Sing, was
concluded on 10th September 1829, and on the same date the Rajah
•
«
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 83
ceded (No. XVIII.) land for the station of Cherra Poonjee in JYNTIA
AND
exchange for an equivalent in the Sylhet Zillah. COSSiAH
xi ILL
In the same year an Engagement (No. XIX.) was made with the tribes.
Sirdars of Byoung Poonjee, by which they bound themselves to be
subject to Dewan Sing. M
In 1830 his nephew and successor, Soobha Sing, ceded (No. XX.)
additional land for the Station of Clierra Poonjee, and in 1840 Soobha
Sing gave prepetual leases (Nos. XXI. and XXII.) to the British
Government of the Coal Hills at Cherra Poonjee, and Byoung Poonjee.
Soobha Sing was succeeded by Ram Sing, who, on 16th May 1857,
signed an Agreement (No. "XXIII.) confirming the engagements of
his predecessors.
On the death, of Sing Manic, Rajah of Khyrim, his grand nephew,
Rabbon Sing, was elected by the Chiefs and Elders of the country, and
the* election was confirmed, and an Agreement, the same as that
executed by the Nungklow Chief (See No. XXVI.), was taken from
Rabbon Sing.
The minor States, known as the " De-
2*. Mo?eem? W " pendent States," are twenty* in number.
t Bw^rand MowUe. The chief of these is the State of Nungklow.
5. Cheyl
6. Dowarrah Notoormen. *,«~,.r^ w ., ^^^-
7. Mowseuram. NUNGKLOW.
8. Mowdun Poonjee.
it & Chummut A Treaty (No. XXIV.), with a view
•ft s^nai U poonjee. *> °P en U P communication between Sylhet
\l Mo^a^. 1 ' 0011366, * and Assam, was formed in 1826 with Rajah
16* Jeerun S ° ph0, Teerut Sing, by which the Rajah, on receiv-
17. Svung. j nfi r the protection of the British Govern-
18. Moflong Poonjee. .
19. Mowiong Poonjee. ment, voluntarily surrendered his indepen-
20. Lykaom Poonjee.
dence.
In 1829 Teerut Sing was prominently concerned in the massacre
of two British Officers, with about sixty native subjects. Hostilities
ensued, and after a harassing war with the Hill Chiefs, most of whom
joined Teerut Sing, the Rajah surrendered. He was imprisoned for
life in the Dacca jail, and * Government conferred the Chiefship on
his nephew Rujun Sing, who was installed on 29th March 1834, and
with whom a new Engagement (No. XXV.) was made.
•
84
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNODS.
jyntia Rujun Sing became deeply involved in debt, and abdicated in favor
cossiah of Jeedar Sing, on condition of his debts being paid, and a stipend
tribes, being allowed him.
Jeedar Sing died in 1856, and the succession was disputed between
Rujun Sing and Bur Sing, a distant collateral relation of Jeedar
Sing in the fejnale line. Rujun Sing died before the dispute was
settled, and as Bur Sing was considered to h'ave no claifns of family,
and was objected to by many of the Sirdars, Government resumed
the country. The Home Government, however, disapproved of
the resumption, and directed that a Chief should be chosen by the
assembled Muntrees and heads of clans: The choice fell on Bur
Sing, and the Chiefship was conferred on him and his lineal heirs for
ever, subject to certain conditions (No. XXVI.)
MOLEEM.
After the conquest of the Moleem country in 1829, the Rajah Bur
Manick, then called Rajah of Khyrim, ceded (No. XXVII.) to the
British Government the Territory on the south and east, of the Oomean
or Boga Panee River. In 1834 a proposal was made to restore this
tract to the Rajah, but the proposal was never carried out.
In 1860 the chief men of Moleem presented a petition, complaining
against Rajah Hazar Sing. As the Rajah was extremely unpopular,
violated the customs of the country, and gave himself up to habitual
drunkenness, he was deposed in 1861, and Melay Sing was elected Vf
the Elders and people in his etead. A new Engagement (No. XXVIIL),
the same as that with the Nungklow Chief, was taken from Melay Sing.
No Engagements were ever made with Nobo Sopho, Syung,
Moflung Poonjee, and Lyksom Poonjee. Engagements were made with
Mowyang on 24th June 1829, and with Dowanah Notoormen on 5th
January 1833, but no copies of them exist. The Treaties with the
other Chiefs are given under Nos. XXIX. to XLIL, and also an
Engagement with the Elders and Sirdars of Soopar Poonjee, which was
conquered in 1829. In 1860, on the succession of Dabhur Sing, Rajah
of Bhawul, an Engagement, similar to the Nungklow Agreement,
was made with him.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 85
To the west of the Cossiah Hills lies the Garrow Country. The JYNT1A
J AND
climate of the country is deadly, and we have little intercourse with °ossi A H
Hill
the Garrows. The Garrows in more immediate relation with us tribes.
either pay revenue, or tribute in the shape of fines for offences. The No - XVI *
others are usually considered independent. •
The Garrows were in the constant habit of making predatory
incursions upon our frontier villages in the Plains, and deca-
pitating their victims, and carrying off their heads as funeral
offerings to their departed Chiefs. It has frequently been found
necessary to punish these outrages by sending a military expedition
into the country, and by closing the markets jn the Plains frequented
by the Garrows.
No. XVI.
Treaty with Rajah Ram Sing of Jyntia.
Treaty concluded between David Scott, Esq., Agent to the Gover-
nor-General, on the part of the Honorable East India Company, and
Rajah Ram Sing, ruler of Jy-Jynteepore of Jyntia.
• • Akticle 1.
Rajah Ram Sing acknowledges allegiance to the Honorable Company,
and places his country of Jyntia under their protection ; mutual
friendship and amity shall always be maintained between the Honor-
able Company and the Rajah.
Article 2.
The internal government of the country shall be conducted by the
Rajah, and the jurisdiction of the British Courts of Justice shall not
extend there. The Rajah will always attend to the welfare of his
subjects, and observe the ancient customs of government, but should
any unforeseen abuse arise in the administration of affairs, he agrees to
•
86 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SDNNUDS.
jyntia rectify the same agreeably to the advice of the Governor-General in
cossFah Council.
HILL
TRIBES - Article 3.
No. XVI.
The Honorable Company engages to protect the territory of Jyntia
from external enemies, and to arbitrate any differences that may arise
between the Rajah and other States. The Rajah agrees* to abide by
such arbitration, and to hold no political correspondence or communi-
cation with foreign powers, except with the consent of the British
Government.
Article 4.
In the event of the Honorable Company being engaged in war to
the eastward of the Berhampooter, the Rajah engages to assist with all
his forces, and to afford every other facility in his power in furtherance
of such military operations.
Article 5.
The Rajah agrees, in concert with the British local Authorities,
to adopt all measures that may be necessary for the maintenance, in the
District of Sylhet, of the arrangements in force in the Judicial, Opium,
and Salt Department.
Executed this 10th of March 1824, corresponding with the 28th of
Fagoon 1230 B. S., at Rajahgunge.
(Signed) D. Scott,
Agent to the Governor- General.
Seal and signature of
Rajah Ram Sing of Jyntia.
Separate Article of the Treaty concluded between the Honorable Company
and Rajah Ram Sing of Jyntia.
Rajah Ram Sing engages, that to assist in the war commenced in
►Assam between the Honorable Company's Troops and those of the
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. " 87
King of A va, he will march a force and attack the enemy to the east JYNTIA
of Gowhatty ; and the Honorable Company agrees, upon the conquest of COSSIAH
A^am, to confer upon the Rajah a part of that Territory proportionate tSs.
to the extent of his exertions in the common cause. Na XVII#
(Signed) D. Scott, •
Agent to the Governor-General.
Seal and Signature' of
Rajah Ram Sing of Jyntia.
No. XVII.
Translation of Abticles of Agreement entered into, in the year 1829, between
Dewan Sing, Rajah of Cherra Poonjee, and his Ministerial Officers and others,
and Mr. David Scott, Agent to the Governor- General, North East Frontier.
The Rajah having lost Jiis eye-sight,
Soobha Sing, Rajah, has put his
mark hereto on the part of Dewan
Sing Rajah.
(True copy from the original.)
• • •
(Signed) Rajkissur Mozimdar.
To
The HONORABLE COMPANY.
The written Agreement of Dewan Sing, Rajah,
p fd 5 't Cherra an< * ^e Ministerial Officers and other Cossiahg
Poonjee on the 12th Sep- residing at Cherra Poonjee, executed in the
tembcrl829, correspond- ° .
ing with the year 1236 present English year 1829, to the following
' " purport: —
We acknowledge our subjection to the Honorable Company with
the object of having our country protected, and enter into this Deed of
88
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
JYNTIA Agreement to the effect that we hereby place our territory under the
COSSIAH protection of the Honorable Company.
tribes. 1st. — We are to conduct the affairs of our country in concert with
No. xvn. faQ Ministerial Officers according to former usages and customs, keep-
• ing the people pleased and contented, and to have no concern in such
matters with any of the Honorable Company's Courts; but should
any person, who has committed any wrongful act in the Government
territories, come to our country, we will, on demand, immediately
apprehend him and deliver him up.
2nd. — If we should have any disputes with the Rajahs of other
countries, which it may be deemed proper to investigate, we will
abide by and submit to any judgment that may be given on the
part of the Government, and we will not enter into any quarrels with
the Rajahs of other countries without the permission of the Honorable
Company.
3rd. — If there should be any hostilities in the Hills with the Honor-
able Company, we will immediately proceed there with our forces,
and render assistance to the Government.
Mr. David Scott, Agent to the Governor-General, hereby promises
that your territory will be properly protected on the part of the Go-
vernment, if you act according to the aforesaid conditions ; and if any
quarrels should arise between you and the Rajahs of other countries,
they will be disposed of and settled, and you will receive* a fitting
reward for the services referred to. To which purport this Agreement
is executed by both parties.
Dated the 10th September, corresponding with the 26th Bhadro
1236 B. S.
(Signed) W. Cracboft,
A. A. G. G.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUXXUDS. 89
NO. XVIII. «STIA
AND
COSSIAH
Translation of an Agreement executed in the year 1829, by Dewan Sing, Rajah HILL
of Cherra Poonjee. — - ' —
No. XVIII.
The Rajah having lost his eye-sight,
Sooblia Sing, Rajah, has put his
mark hereto on the part of Dewan
Sing, Rajah.
(True copy from the original.)
(Signed) Rajkissur Mozimdar.
To
• Mr. DAVID SCOTT,
Agent to the Governor-General.
No. 6. The written Agreement of Dewan Sing,
Presented at Cherra t% • \ c r*\ t» , i • .1
Poonjee on the 12th Sep- Rajah ot Cherra Toonjee, executed in the
Sg^i 82 the^ SP iT36 P resent E n g li * 7*™ 1829 > t0 the undcr-men-
B. S. tioned effect : —
Some land having been required of me for erecting Government
edifices and for gentlemen to build houses on, I voluntarily cede this
land, and enter into the following Agreement :
1st — For the erection of these buildings, &c, I have given up some
land in a place to the east of Cherra Poonjee, bounded on one side by
the dell or below the rest of the valley, and on the other by the Seit
Oodoi River, where bainjboos have been put upon the part of Govern-
ment ; and if more land is required, it will be furnished to the east of
that spot ; but in exchange for as much land as I may give up
altogether in my territory, I am to receive an equal quantity of land
in the vicinity of Punduah and Company-Gunge, within the boundary
of Zillah Sylhet.
2nd, — I am to establish a Haut in Mouzah Burryaile, on a spot
of ground that I have purchased, pertaining to the aforesaid Zillah,
and I am always to manage the Haut, and to make investigations
there according to the customs of my country ; and in such matters
I am to have nothing to do with the Honorable Company's Courts.
This place is moreover to be transferred from the aforesaid Zillah,
and made over, as a rent-free grant, to my Cossiah territory ; and if *
any person who has committed a wrongful act in the Government
*
N
*
90
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
jyntia territories should come and stay on this land belonging to me, I will
AND
COSSIAH apprehend him and deliver him up on demand.
tribes. 3rd. — Wherever limestone may be found on the Cherra Poonjee
No. XIX. Hills, in my territory, I will allow the Government to take it gratis
• when required for their own use.
4th. — If any* quarrels and disturbances should take place between
Bengalees themselves, it will be necessary for you to investigate them,
and I am to investigate disputes occurring between ^Cossiahs. Besides
which, if any dispute should occur between a Bengalee and a Cossiah, it
is to be tried in concert by me and a gentleman on the part of the Honor-
able Company. To which purport, I have executed this Agreement.
Dated the 10th September, corresponding with the 26th of Bhadro
1236 B. S.
(Signed) W. Cracroft,
A. A. G. G.
No. XIX.
Translation of an Agreement executed in the year 1829, by Oojot, Mon Sing,
•
and otker residents of Byrung Poonjee and its dependant villages.
(Signed)
To
99
99
99
»
»
Oojoy Cossiah.
Mon Sing.
Jeerkha Cossiah.
Ram Sing.
«.
KONRAI.
Raxrai.
The HONORABLE COMPANY.
The written Agreement of Oojoy and Mon Sing, residents of
No 17 * Byrung Poonjee, Jeerkha and Ram Sing, resi-
Filcd at Gowhatty, 5th dents of Oomtheelay Poonjee, and Kollaprai and
December 1829.
Ramrai, residents of Eamdah Poonjee, executed
in the English year 1829 to the following purport: —
We have no faith in the Cossiah Mountaineers, who have taken
up arms against the Government, and having therefore joined the
Honorable Company, enter into this Agreement to this effect
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 91
1st — That we have not made war with the Government, nor will JTOTIA
AND
we ever enter into hostilities with the people on the part of the Honor- c ®ssiak
XX X Lt Li
able Company, and we will apprehend and deliver up any Cossiahs who tribes.
have absconded, and regarding whom proclamations have been issued, Na ***
if they should come into our territory. *
2nd. — That if we should find any proclaimed persons who have
absconded, and fail to apprehend and deliver them up, or conceal them,
and this should be proved, we will make no objection to our villages
being burnt. Dated in the English year 1829, 2nd N. (November
seemingly, judging from the year mentioned.)
We further state that we will obey the orders of Dewan Sing, Rajah
of Cherra Poonjee, and will never do any thing without his sanction.
(Signed) W. Cracroft,
A. A. G. G.
No. XX.
Translation of an Agreement executed by Soobha Sing, Rajah, and the
Officers, Sirdars, and other CossiAns of Cherra Poonjee in the year 1830.
(Signed) Soobha Sing, Rajah,
And others of the 12 Tribes,
Sirdar Cossiahs of Cherra Poonjee.
To
The HONORABLE COMPANY.
The written Agreement of Soobha Sing, Rajah, and the Officers,
Sirdars, and other Cossiahs, residing at Cherra Poonjee, executed in
the current year 1237 B. S., to the following purport : —
Whereas the locality ceded by Dewan Sing, Rajah, during his life-
time, to the Honorable Company, under an Agreement he furnished for
the purpose of erecting buildings on for gentlemen and convalescent
persons, is now insufficient for that object in consequence of a great
number of Government subjects having resorted to the place, we,
therefore, in compliance with the request of Mr. David Scott, Agent
*
92 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
•
jyntia to the Governor-General, cede to the Government, agreeably to the
COSSIAH terms of the previous Agreement furnished by the late Rajah, the land
tribes, lying to the south-east of that place, extending up to the valley and
No. XXL river as specified in the said Agreement, and give this Agreement to the
. • effect that we will abide by and act in accordance to the conditions
specified in the late Rajah's Agreement To which purport we have
executed this Agreement.
Dated the \§th October 1830, corresponding with Cartick 1237 B. IS.
(Signed) T. C. Robertson,
Agent to the Governor-General.
No. XXI.
Translation of a Lease of tlie Coal Hills at Cherra Poonjee, given to the British
Government, in the year 1840, by Soobha Sing, Rajah of Cherra Poonjee.
To
The POLITICAL AGENT at CHERRA POONJEE.
A perpetual lease, executed to the following purport, by Soobha
Sing/Rajah of Cherra Poonjee : —
I hereby give a perpetual lease, for all future time, of the Hills
called Oosider, Ooksan, and Nowkrem, within my territory, pertaining
to Cherra Poonjee, where Coal is being worked by the Government,
agreeably to the terms mentioned below, which are to be acted up to :
1st. — I am to receive taxes from the Government at the rate of one
Rupee per hundred maunds for as much Coal as may be broken up in
the places mentioned. I will never demand more than this rate, and
my Cossiah subjects are not to be prohibited by the Government from
working Coal in these localities ; they are to work it free of charge, and
will settle with me for the taxes on it ; but no other person is at liberty
to quarry Coal in these places without the sanction of the Government,
nor have I the right of granting such permission to any other person.
2nd. — The Government can quarry Coal hereafter, whenever they
wish to do so, according to the conditions of this pottah, and" no new
objections will be raised, and if made they are to be rejected.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDSL 93
3rd. — Besides the above stated localities, the Government have the J ^y> IA
right to the Coal in such places in my territory as it may be discovered C u^?V* u
in, according to the conditions of this pot tali, to which effect I have _ T _ l i 1 ? E! K
executed this perpetual lease, the 20th April 1840, corresponding with XaXXIL
the 9th of Bysack 1247 B.
S.
(Signed) Soobha Sing, Rajah.
Witnesses.
SOOMUB SlNG," Cossiah, resident of Cher r a Poonjee.
Jattrah Sing, ditto, ditto ditto.
Chaund Rai, Dubashia, ditto ditto.
BuNGSEE SlNG, Burkundaz of the office.
No. XXII.
Translation of a Lease of the Coal Fields of Btrung Poonjee, given to the
British Government in the year 1840, by the Sirdars of that Village, and
confirmed by Soobha Sing, Rajah of Cherra Pooonjee.
I, Soobha Sing, "Rajah, resident of Cherra Poonjee, having made
myself acquainted- witU the purport of this document, hereby confirm
the conditions specified in'this pottah, given by the Sirdars of Byrun<*
Poonjee, dated the 20th April 1840, corresponding with the 9th of
Bysack 1247 B. S.
rKajah. J (Signed) SOOBHA SlNG, KaJAII.
To
The POLITICAL AGENT at CHERRA POONJEE.
A perpetual Lease, executed to the following purport, by ] •ah
Sing and Ramrai, Cossiah Sirdars of Byrung Poonjee, bcloi
the territory of Cherra Poonjee.
s
94
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
jtntia yTq hereby give a perpetual lease to the Government, for all
COSSIAH future time, of the places pertaining to this Poonjee, where Coal
TRIBES, has been found, and those localities where it may hereafter be
No. xxil. discovered, agreeably to the terms mentioned below, which are to be
• acted up to :
1st. — We are to receive taxes from the Government at the rate
of one Eupee per hundred maunds, for as much Coal as may be
broken up in all places belonging to our Poonjee. We will never
demand more than this rate, and the Cossiahs of the Poonjee we
reside in are not to be prohibited by the Government from working
- Coal in these localities. They are to work it free -of charge, and
will settle with us for the taxes on it ; but no other person is at liberty
to quarry Coal in these places without the sanction of the Government,
• nor have we the right of granting such permission to any other
person. *
2nd. — The Government can quarry Coal hereafter, whenever they
wish to do so, agreeably to the conditions of this pottah, and no new
objections will be raised, and if made they are to be rejected.
3rd. — Besides the above stated localities, the Government have the
right, according to the conditions of this pottah, to those places where
Coal may at any time be discovered. To which effect we have executed
this perpetual lease, dated the 20th April 1840, corresponding with
the 9 th of By sack 1247 B. S. • m
• (Signed) Beerah Sing and Ramrai, 4
Ctksiah Sirdars.
Witnesses.
SoOMUR SlNG, Cossiah, resident of Cherra Poonjee.
Jattrah Sing, ditto, ditto ditto.
CHAUND Rai, Dubashia, ditto ditto.
BuNGSEE SlNG, Burkundaz of the office.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
No. XXIIL
95
JYNTIA
AND
COSSIAH
Translation of an Agreement furnished in the year 1857, by Ram Sing, Rajah HILL
of Cherra Poonjee. -
J N0.XXIII.
(Signed) Bam Sixg, Kajah.
To
The HONORABLE COMPANY.
The written Agreement of Earn Sing, Rajah, and his Ministerial
Officers and Sirdars, and other Cossiahs residing at Cherra Poonjee,
executed in the year 1857 to the following purport: —
Having, on the demise of my uncle, the late Soobha Sing, Rajah of
this territory, taken his place as his successor, and come into possession
of the Raj, I have been required, by the Principal Assistant Commis-
sioner of Cherra Poonjee, to furnish a new Agreement, based on those
given by my predecessors ; and as all the conditions of the Engage-
ments* entered into by my predecessors, the late Dewan Sing, Rajah,
on the 10th of September 1829, and the late Soobha Sing, Rajah,
on the 19th of October 1830, are acceptable tome, I will act according .
to them hereafter. .
Dated the \§th of May 1857, corresponding with the 8th of Joisto
1264 B. jR,
Written by Bhoyrobnath Dahn.
Presented this day by Radha Kristno Dutt, Mooktiar, and Bhoyrob-
nath Dahn, on the part of Ram Sing Rajah, with his letter of this
date, the 16th of May 1857, corresponding with the 4th of Joisto
1264 B. S.
(Signed) C. K. Hudson,
Principal Assistant Commissioner ,
In charge of Cossiah and Jyntia Hills.
96
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
No. XXIV.
JTNTIA
AND
COSSIAH
HILL Articles of Agreement entered into by Mr. David Scott, Agent to the Govemor-
TRIBE9
General, on behalf of the Honorable Company, and Teerut Sing Ashbmlee,
No. XXIV.
called the White Rajah, Chief of Nungklow.
Article 1.
Rajah Teerut Sing, the ruler of Nungklow and its dependencies,
with the advice and consent of his relations, dependent Lushkurs and
Sirdars in Council assembled, voluntarily agrees to become subject to
the Honorable Company, and places his country under their pro-
tection.
•
Article 2.
The said Rajah agrees to give a free passage for Troops through his
country to go and to come between Assam and Sylhet
Article 3.
The Rajah agrees to furnish materials for the construction of a road
through his Territories, receiving payment for the same, and after
its completion, to adopt such measures as may be necessary to keep it
in repair.
Article 4.
The Agent to the Governor-General agrees, on the part of the
Honorable Company, to protect the .Rajah's country from foreign
enemies, and if any other Chief injures him, to enquire into the facts,
and if it appear that he has been unjustly attacked, to afford him due
support The Rajah on his part agrees to abide by such decision, and
not to hold any intercourse or correspondence on political matters with
any foreign Chief, without the consent of the British Government.
Article 5.
The Rajah agrees that, in the event of the Honorable Company
carrying on hostilities with any other power, he will serve with all
his followers as far to the eastward as Kulliabar in Assam, his men
being entitled to receive subsistence money from the British Govern-
* ment when employed on the Plains.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. J)7
Article 6. jyntia
and
The Rajah promises to rule his subjects according to laws of his cossiaii
country, keeping them pleased and contented, and carrying on the tribes.
public business according to ancient custom, without the interference Na x^-
of the British Government, but if any person should commit violence * *
in the Honorably Company's Territory, and take refugc'in* the Rajah's
country, he agrees to seize and deliver them up.
Dated at Gowhatty, this 30th November 1826, corresponding with
the 16th Aghun- 1233.
(A true translation)
(Signed) D. Scott,
Agent to the Governor-General.
No. XXV.
Translation of the Articles of an Agreement furnished to the Govf.rnor-
General's Agent, North-East Frontier, by Rujjum Sing, Rajah, on his acces-
sion to the llaj of Nungklow, on the 29th of March 1834.
To
Captain FRANCIS JENKINS,
Agent to the Governor-General, North- East Frontier,
• On the part of the Honorable Company.
The written Agreement of Rujjum Sing, Resident
of Nungklow, executed to the following purport : —
The Government having appointed me to the Raj of the late
Teerut Sing Rajah, I hereby execute the Articles of Agreement detailed
below, and promise never to act in violation of them, and that my
Muntrees will also abide by the terms thereof.
1st — That I have no objection to land being taken up by the
Honorable Company for the purpose of making a road in any direction
chosen between Zillah Sylhet and the Plains or low lands of Assam.
2nd. — That I have no objection to bridges, bungalows of sorts,
store-rooms, fortifications, and stockades for sepoys being built for the
*
98 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
.tyntia Honorable Company, wherever it may be deemed expedient to select
cossiah sites for them.
HILI
tribes. 3rd. — That I and my Muntrees will furnish laborers and workmen
No. xxv. f or building and repairing the above-mentioned roads, buildings, &c,
* • without objection, whenever they may be required.
4th. — That "Whenever it may bs considered expedient to erect any
buildings within the country consigned to me by the Government, I
and my Muntrees will immediately furnish the under-mentioned mate-
rials for them, and we shall not be able to raise any objections
about doing so :
List of Materials. — Timbers, stones, slates, lime, fire-wood,
and any other articles procurable in the country, will be readily
furnished.
5th. — That I and my Muntrees will provide shelter and pasturage
for any cows, oxen, &c, that the Honorable Company may send into
the country, and I will be responsible for any losses of these animals.
6th. — That if any criminals or convicts should escape from the
Honorable Company's territory and come into my country, I will
immediately render assistance in apprehending them.
7th. — That I will act as stated in the above-mentioned Articles,
aJB if I should do any thing in contravention of them, I and my
Muntrees will submit to such fines as the Governor-General's Agent
may think proper to impose on us,
8th. — That I promise to fulfil the aforesaid stipulations, and am to
continue to receive my present monthly stipeftd of 30 Rupe'es for one
year, as this stipend to me from the Government will enable the
people of the country to settle down again in it comfortably, without
being pressed for any demand. This stipend to me is to cease after
the completion of one year, and I am then to make arrangements for
myself as formerly.
Dated the 29th of March 1834, corresponding with the \§th of
Choitra of the Bengal year 1240.
We, Rai Mon and Oojoor, Residents of ^ungbree, Ooram of Myrung,
Ootep of Mouther, Ooboo Boshan of Singshang, Oosep Lungdeo of
Kenchee, Oophan of Monai, and Omeet of Nongsay, having been
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUKXUDS. f/9
nominated as Muutrees to the Rajah, approve of the Agreement Jyxtia
executed by him, and will be responsible for the fulfilment and viola- cossiah:
tion of it. TRIBES.
(Copy)
/Seal.) (Signed) H - lTOU *
Assistant Political Agent,
Cossiah Hills.
No. XXVI.
Conditions imposed upon the Rajah of Nungklow and his Successors.
1. The Rajah is to consider himself under the general control and
authority of the Political Officer at Cherra Poonjee, to whom he must
refer all disputes between himself and the Chieftains of other Cossiah
States ; and he is clearly to understand that he holds his appointment
under authority from the British Government, which reserves to itself
the right of removing him from office, and of appointing another
Chieftain in his stead, if he should fail to give satisfaction to the
British Government, and to the people of the District.
2. The Rajah must reside in the Nungklow District, and he is to
be permitted to decide in open Durbar, with the assistance of hi^
Muntreesj Sirdars, and Elders, according to the ancient and established
customs of the country, all civil suits and criminal cases occurring
there that are beyond the cognizance of the Police, and in which only
the people of the Nungklow District may be concerned. All cases in
which Europeans and inhabitants of the Plains or of other Cossiah States
are parties, are to be tried by the Political Officer at Cherra Poonjee.
3. The Rajah is to obey all orders issued to him by the Political
Officer at Cherra Poonjee, and to make over on demand to the local
authorities all refugees and civil and political offenders coming to, or
residing in, the Nungklow I^istrict.
4. The Rajah is to furnish full information regarding the Nung-
klow District and its inhabitants, whenever he may be required to do
so by Government Officers ; to render every assistance in developing
No. XXVI.
s
4
•
100 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
jyxtta the resources of the country ; to give every help and protection in hid
cossiah power to Government Officials and travellers passing through the
tribes, country, or to settlers residing there ; and to use his best endeavors to
No- facilitate free intercourse and trade between the people of the country
XX V II.
• ^ and British subjects, and the people of other Cossiah States,
5. The British Government reserves to itself the right of establish-
ing Military and Civil Sanitaria Cantonments and posts in any part of
the Nungklow District where they may be required ; of occupying
rent-free any lands that may be required for these or other Govern-
ment purposes; and of opening roads in any direction through the
country, in which matter the Rajah must render his utmost assistance
when requisite.
6. The Rajah must make grants of the waste lands in Nungklow
upon the same terms as those that may be adopted at the time being
by the British Government in granting out its own waste lands.
No. XXVII.
Translation of tlic Articles of Agreement given to the Honorable Company by
Bub Manick, Rajah of Khyrim, in the year 1830.
(Signed) Bur Manick,
• Rajah of Khyrim,
To
DAVID SCOTT, Esquire,
Agent to the Governor- General*
My country having been taken possession of by the Honorable
Company in consequence of my having made war with them, and
thereby caused considerable losses, I now come forward, and placing
myself under the protection of the Honorable Company, and acknow-
ledging my submission to them, agree to Jhe following terms as sanc-
tioned by the Presidency Authorities.
1st — I cede to the Honorable Company the lands I formerly held
on the south and east of the Oomecam River, and I promise not to
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
101
the Agent to the Governor-General.
interfere with the people residing on those lands without the orders of JYXTIA
X * ° AND
GOSSIAII
HIL1
2nd. — I consent to hold the remaining portion of the territory tribes.
No!
XXVII.
agreeably to the Sunnud of the Honorable Company as their depend-
ants, and to conduct its affairs according to ancient customs ; but I
am not at liberty to pass orders in any murder case, without the
permission of the Governor-General's Agent, and will report to him
any case of this kind that may occur.
3rd. — When any of the Honorable Company's Troops pass through
my territory, I will furnish them with such provisions as the country
produces, so that they may not be put to any inconvenience, receiving
payment for these supplies from Government ; and I will construct
bridges, &c, when ordered to do so, and am to be paid for the expenses
incurred thereon.
4th. — In case of any Hill Chieftains making war with the Honor-
able Company, I will join the Government Troops with the fighting
men of my country, but they are to receive subsistence from the
Government.
5th. — I relinquish my former claim regarding the boundary of Dcsh
Doomorooah, and agree to the Afdee Nuddee being the future boun-
dary. I am, however, to be assigned some land near the Sonapore
Market for the purpose of trading there.
6th. — I agree to pay a fine of 5,000 Rupees to the Honorable
Company, on account of the expenses now and previously incurred by
them in the subjugationr of my country.
7th. — If Teerut Sing Rajah, who is inimical to the Honor-
able Company, or any other of his guilty followers, should enter
my territory, I -will immediately apprehend them and deliver
them up, and I promise to produce all criminals who may come
and take refuge in my country from any place in the Honorable Com-
pany's dominions.
To which effect I have executed this Agreement, on this 15th day of
January 1830, corresponding with the 4th of Maugh 1236 B. S.
102 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUOS.
«ntia • No. XXVIII.
AND
COSSIAH
HILL Agreement with Melat Sing executed in 1861.
TRIBES.
%
xxvnr '* Melay Sing, Rajah of Moleem, in the Cossiah Hills, having been
* « appointed ruler of Moleem, do hereby agree and promise to conduct
myself in the fallowing conditions : —
1st. — I consider myself under the general control and' authority of
the Political Officer at Cherra Poonjee, to whom I must refer all
disputes between myself and the Chieftains of other Cossiah States ;
and I understand clearly that I hold my appointment under authority
from British Government, which reserves to itself the right of remov-
ing me from office and of appointing another Chieftain in my stead
if I be guilty of any misconduct and fail to give satisfaction to the
people of the district.
2nd. — I must always reside in the Moleem District, and shall decide
impartially in open Durbar, with the aidof my Muntrees, Sirdars, and
Elders, according to the ancient and established customs of the country,
all civil and pefty criminal cases occurring there that are beyond the
cognizance of the Police, in which only the people of the above dis-
trict may be concerned. All cases in which Europeans and inhabitants
of the Plains, or of the Cossiah States, are parties, are to be tried by
the Political Officer at Cherra Poonjee.
3rd.— I shall obey all orders issued to me by the Political Officer at
Cherra Poonjee, and shall make over, on demand, to the local autho-
rities, all refugees and Civil and Political offenders coming to,\>r resid-
ing in, the Moleem District
4th. — I shall furnish full information regarding the "District of
Moleem and its inhabitants, whenever I may be required to do so by
Government Officers. I shall always endeavor to promote the wel-
fare and happiness of my subjects, and give every help and protection
in my power to Government officials and travellers passing through
my country, or to settlers residing there; and I shall use my best
endeavors to facilitate free intercourse and trade between the people of
the country and British subjects, and the peeple of other Cossiah States.
5th. — The British Government reserves to itself the ricrht of
establishing Military and Civil Sanataria Cantonments and Posts in
any part of the Moleem District where they may be required ; of
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNT'DS. 103
*
occupying rent free any lands that may be required for those or other «'VN riA
Government purposes ; and of opening roads in any direction through ( °jif}y i
the country, in which matter I must render my utmost assistance tiuues.
when requisite. No * xx,x -
6th. — I shall make grants of the waste lands in Moleem upon the • •
same terms as those that may be adopted at the tinfc being by the
British Government in granting out its own waste lands.
Witnesses.
(Sd.) BORJOM MUNTREE, (Sd.) BORKIIANA KOONWAR,
Of Moleem. Of Cherra Poonjce.
„ Jata CossiAn, „ Solmun, Interpreter.
Of Mowpen Kerting Poonjee.
No. 122.
In the sitting of Mr. J. B. Shadwell, Officiating Principal Assist-
ant Commissioner.
As this Agreement is presented personally by the party concerned,
it is ordered that a copy of it be made in the Agreement Book, and the
Agreement be filed with the other papers connected with this.
(Signed) J. B. Shadwell,
Assistant Commissioner.
Dated Idth March 1861, and 7th Chaith 1268 B. S.
No. XXIX.
Translation of a Recognisance executed by Oolar Sing, Rajah of Murriow*
in the year 1829.
(Signed) Oolar Sixg,
Rajah of Murriov:.
To
DAVID SCOTT, Esquire,
Agent to the Governor* Genera I.
Whereas I, Oolar Sing, Rajah of Murriow, formerly conspired
against the Honorably Company's people and made war with them, I
104 treaties, engagements, and sunnuds.
J *and IA now come forward for my own good and give this recognisance, to the
C( j? I l 1 l H en?ec * tna * I w iH n °fc again enter into such a conspiracy or quarrel, or
tribes, make war with the people on the, part of the Government, and that if
No. xxx. j ( j g0 ^ j ghj} \y e ii aD l e to such punishment as is usually inflicted on
• « riotous persons.
1st. — My country now remains under the control of the Government,
and I will keep the people contented, and conduct the Cossiah affairs
in the usual way.
2nd. — I will investigate such cases as take place in my country
according to its established customs ; but if any heinous crimes, such
as murders, &c, should occur, I will give you information of them,
and I will obey and act in other matters according as you may order
me to do. To which purposes I hereby give this recognisance, on
this 12th day of October 1829, corresponding with the 27th of
Assin 1236 B. S.
Witnessed by
Ram Sing Dubashia, Resident of Cherra Poonjce
Dewan Sing Dubasiiia, ditto ditto.
No. XXX.
Translation of an Agreement executed by Zubbe? Sing, Rajah o£ Ramrye,
in the year 1829.
(Signed) Zubber Sing,
Rajah of the Country of Pautan.
No 14 The written Agreement of Zubber Sing,
Filed at Nungklow, on Rajah of the territory of Ramrye, executed
the 21 st of October 1829, . * . _ ... , rtftrt , n „
corresponding with the in the .hnglisn year 1829, to the following
year 1236 R S - purport :-
I and my subordinate officers and all my people, acknowledging
our dependence and subjection to the Honorable Company, promise
to obey and act agreeably to such orders as may, from time to time,
* be passed regarding our country.
TREATIES, ESG-LGEKSTS, ATO SL53CD&.
lOT
1*#. — Our. country having been invaded and taken possession of by JrxTiA
AND
the Government troops, in consequence of oar people baring qaar- cossiah
relied with those of the frjvernaeiit; I promise to realize from my tribes.
Hill subjects all the expenses that hare been Incurred thereon. x * ^LXJL
2nd. — I will investigate and decile all pecry cases occurring in ray '
country, agreeably to custom, with Punchayets ; but' I will report
all cases of murder that may take place : and when the culprits shall
have been apprehended and given up, they will be tried by the laws
that are current in the Hills.
3ri — I will not oppress or wrong my people, and will keep them
satisfied and contented.
4/A. — : I and my subordinates will never fight or quarrel with the
Honorable Company, and if we do so, we shall be punished according
to the regulations like other refractory persons*
5th. — I will appoint and remove the Lungdeos of my country with
your approval and consent, and act in all matters after consulting with
the people.
• 6M. — Whenever any hostilities may occur between Jthe Hill people
and the Government, I will assist the Government with my troops
To which effect I have executed this Agreement, dated this 27th of
October of the present year.
I have filed a separate list of the expenses that I will pay*
(Signed) W. Cracroft,
A. A. G\ €!.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNTJD& 107
the month of Kartic, at any place where we may be directed to do so, JYNTiA
and on lodgment of the money we will take receipts for it from the C 9?? T I ^ H
Government Authorities. tribes.
5th. — That if we act in contravention of the stipulations in the above j^tt
paragraphs, the Government may do whatever they consider just and
*
proper, and we will make no objection to it. To which effect we have
executed this Agreement of our own accord. -
Witnessed by
Ram Sing, 'Jemadar.
BobjoobAm Dubashia.
No. XXXII.
Translation of an Agreement given to the British Government by the
Wahadadars or Chiefs of Cheyla Poonjee, in the year 1829.
(Signed) Mishnee Wahadadab,
„ Bubsing Wahadadab,
„ soomen and ooksan wahadadabs,
Residents of Cheyla Poonjee.
To
;The honobable company.
The written Agreement of Mishnee, Bursing, Soomen and Ooksan
Wahadadars of Cheyla Poonjee and other Villages, twelve in
number.
Whereas a disturbance or battle took place in the Hills, and
we did not join with the Government or make our appearance, in
consequence of which troops Were sent to our villages;* we now
come forward and give this Agreement to abide by the following
stipulations : —
1st — That having committed these faults, we agree to pay by
instalments to the Government, 4 * amongst our twelve villages, a fine
of 4,000 Rupees, for the payment of which, sum we four persons
are responsible.
•106
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
Ncx XXXL
JYNTIA
AND
CX)SSIAH
TRIBES. Translation of an Agreement executed in the year 1835 by Ooahn Sirdar,
No. XXXI. Ookiang Lunodeo, Ooahn Sirdar, and Oomoi Sirdar, of the district of Ramrje.
(Signed)
99
>*
99
Ooahn Sirdar,
Ookiang Lungdeo,
Ooahn Sirdar,
Oomoi Sirdar,
Of the Territory of Ramrye*
To
The AGENT to the GOVERNOR-GENERAL.
The written Agreement of Ooahn Sirdar, Resident of Soojor
Poonjee, Ookiang Lungdeo, Resident of Nong-
,.£% v 4 of \*?h filed klan g Poonjee, Ooahn Sirdar, Resident of Khen-
I4th February 1835. ° J 7 #
dring, and Oomoi Sirdar, Resident of Oomshem,
pertaining to Ramrye, executed to the following purport : —
Having this clay attended before the Commanding Officer, Captain
Lister, we hereby, of our own free-will and accord, furnish the
Agreement detailed in the under-mentioned paragraphs. Dated this
21st of January 1835, corresponding with the 9th of Maugh 1241
B. S.
1st. — That we are under the protection of the Government, and
acknowledge our submission to them. • . *
2nd. — That if any murders or serious cases occur in our country,
they will be investigated by the Government, to which we are willing
and agreeable, and the punishments awarded, on investigation of such
cases, are to be by the Government.
3rd. — That if there should be a likelihood of hostilities occurring
between us and the*, people of another State, we will act as the
Government may direct; and in the event of our having any quarrel
with such foreign people, we will submit to the decision given
by the Government. t
4th. — That our debt to the Government of Rupees 8,485-13-0 (eight
thousand four hundred and eighty-five and thirteen annas) is this
day remitted, and we agree to pay a sum of 200 Rupees annually in
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 107
the month of Kartic, at any place where we may be directed to do so, JYNTiA
and on lodgment of the money we will take receipts for it from the cossiah
Government Authorities. tribes.
5th. — That if we act in contravention of the stipulations in the above xxxu.
paragraphs, the Government may do whatever they consider just and
proper, and we will make no objection to it. To which effect we have
executed this Agreement of our own accord. -
Witnessed by
BAM Sing, 'Jemadar.
BoBJOOBlM DUBASHIA.
No. XXXII.
Translation of an Agreement given to the British Government by the
Wahadadars or Chiefs of Cheyla Poonjee, in the year 1829.
(Signed) Mishnee Wahadadab,
„ Buesing Wahadadab,
„ soomen and ooksan wahadadabs,
Residents of Cheyla Poonjee.
To
;The honorable company.
The written Agreement of Mishnee, Bursing, Soomen and Ooksan
Wahadadars of Cheyla Poonjee and other Villages, twelve in
number.
Whereas a disturbance or battle took place in the Hills, and
we did not join with the Government or make our appearance, in
consequence of which troops Were sent to our villages ;" we now
come forward and give this Agreement to abide by the following
stipulations : —
1st — That having committed these faults, we agree to pay by
instalments to the Government," amongst our twelve villages, a fine
of 4,000 Bupees, for the payment of which, sum we four persons
are responsible.
,*
108 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD&
JYNTIA 2nd. — That from the limestone situated on the banks of th#
COSSiAH Bogah River, in our territory, we agree to allow the Government
tribes, always to remove gratis as much as they require, in any locality
No. selected by their officers : but it is not to be taken from any other
3£XIIL , '
pace.
3rd. — That should any persons concerned in any aets in Zillah
Sylhet or other places come and take shelter with us, we will immedi-
ately deliver them up on their being called for by the Zillah Courts,
4th. — That we promise not to dispute or make .war with the
Honorable Company, or with any of the Rajahs who are in con-
federacy with the Government.
5th, — That if any quarrels should arise between us and the Rajahs
alluded to, the Government is to investigate and settle them, and
to this effect we have executed this Agreement.
Dated the 3rd September, corresponding with the 19th of Bhadre
1236 5. S.
No. XXXIII.
Tbahslatioxi of a Petition of the Wahadadabs of Chejla Poonjee, to the Politi-
cal Agent of the Cossiah Hills, in the /ear 1851, soliciting his assistance in
causing the attendance, at their Durbars, of persons resisting their authority, and
offering to abide by his decisions in appeals preferred to him against their orders*
or in complaints made to him against their acts.
(Signed) Mishnee Wahadadab,
Seal of the \ Bcb$ing Wahadadab,
Wahad*dars\
„ Larsing and Sonarai Wahadadab,
Poonjee. J „ OoKHAifa and Beehai Wahadadab,
Residents of Ckeyla Poonjee,
Respectfully Showeth, +
That previous to the occupation of these Hills by the Honor*
able Company, we were appointed to the offices of the four Wahadadars
TBEAT1ES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUIXS. 109
of our village of Cheyla Poonjee, and protected the people by JY NT *±
conducting enquiries and investigations in our country. That when c O?£*AH
EL LL Li
these Hills afterwards came into th$ possession of the Honorable tribes.
Company , we were confirmed in our appointments, agreeably to former Y j^f TI
custom, with the approval of the late Mr. David Scott,, and most * m
efficiently protected the inhabitants, by investigating cases in the
country by our own authority ; but during the last two or three years,
certain Cossiahs of our village, who are unruly, powerful, and evil-
advising persons, have formed themselves into a. party to carry out
their own purposes, and are oppressing and harassing some of the poor
Cossiahs, and if they complain, and we send for these persons through
our officers, they openly resist our authority and assault them, besides
making various remarks about us. When we also summon defendants
in cases under trial before us, these violent individuals screen them,
and in resistance of orders beat our men and snatch away the defend-
ants from them ; thus causing great annoyance to the poor people
under our control, which we have frequently complained of to you by
petitions ; and the individuals of this party who harass the poor people
in this manner are, moreover, not unknown to you. It is besides
probable that unless this faction is put down, serious affrays and
murders may hereafter occur, attended with ruination to our country,
which it will be difficult for us ta account for to you, and we shall be
punished by Providence if the poor are violently oppressed by such
persons of our village as have numerous friends and relatives, and we,
as rulers of the countr/, do not redress their grievances. But as the
calamities of our poor people cannot be removed, or the country
rendered tranquil without your assistance, we therefore throw ourselves
on your protection, and voluntarily present this petition, soliciting that
the persons under our control, who resist our officers, may \fe tried by
you, and that you will, on our solicitation, grant us your heh> to bring
to our Durbars all such persons as pertinaciously refuse to attend
there when we send for them ; and if any persons who are dissatisfied
with our orders should appeal to you against them, or if we oppress or •
injure any persons, and they complain to you about it, we will agree to
any investigations and orders tnat you may pass, and will never act
in contravention of them, but will obey them without urging any ^
110 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNTJDS. -
^^^ objections. There is no prospect of relief to our country, unless you so
W hill, H ^ avor u8 > an ^ * n *^ 8 7 our power is absolute.
TRIB£S * Dated .the 30th of Bysack 1298 B. S. (Received Uth May 1851.J
No.
Present: COLONEL LlSTEB, Political Agent.
The request of the Wahadadars is granted, and it is hereby ordered
that a Purwannah be written to them, to the effect that if any person
hereafter oppresses or injures another, and the person so oppressed
complains to the Wahadadars, and the oppressor, when called for by
them, obstinately and in disobedience of the Wahadadars' orders
refuses to attend at their Durbars, they must send him to Cherra
Foonjee with the witnesses to the fact of the opposition made to their
authority, and the prosecutor and his witnesses, when, proper orders
will be passed.
Dated the 16th May 1851, corresponding with the Zrd of Jeyt
1258 B. S.
(Signed) F. G. Lister,
Political Agent.
No. XXXIV.
Translation of an Agreement given by Ahdok Sing, Rajah of Mowsunnam Poonjee,
in the year 1831.
(Signed) Ahdob Sing, Rajah.
To
-The AGENT to the GOVERNOR-GENERAL,
North-East Frontier.
The written Agreement of Ahdor Sing, Rajah, Resident of Mow-
sunnam Poonjee, given to the following ef&ct : —
My village having been burnt down on the part of the British
m Government, and being now a waste, I hereby acknowledge my
\
.TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. Ill
submission to the Government, and furnish this Agreement, with the JYNTIA
object of again settling on the spot, to the effect that I and my people Will COSSiAtt
re-build and re-occupy the village as subjects of the Government, and tribes.
will obey such orders as you may, from time to time, issue to us. xxxv
That I will take measures for apprehending the enemies of the * "*
Government jf I should hear of their being in my villagfe or its vicinity,
and I will also convey immediate information of the same to Captain
Townehend, and if I have no particular* news to communicate, I will
merely v^ait on him every month.
That if I violate these Engagements, I will, without any demur, abide
by whatever orders you may think proper to pass.
Dated this VJth of December 1831, corresponding with the 3rd of
Pons 1238 B. S.
Witnessed by
Dewan Sing Dubashia, Resident of Cherra Poonjee.
OOMEE COSSIAH, ditto ditto.
No. XXXV.
Translation of an Agreement given by Songaph, Rajah of the district of Mabram,
• to the Politic ai* Agent at Cherra Poonjee, in the year 1839.
To
Major LISTER,
Political Agent to the Governor-General,
At his Court House. .
I, Songaph Rajah, Resident of the Mahram Country, having wantonly
made war against the Honorable Company, and caused great loss of
life to their people, and pu£*them to considerable expense, have myself
been driven through fear a fugitive to the jungles, and acknowledge
having committed great faults ; but I now crave an amnesty for the
112
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
JYNTiA past offences of myself and my Cossiah people, and enter into this
AND
cossiah Agreement, in the hope of being permitted to remain in my country in
tribes, the capacity of a Sirdar (Chief) on the following terms.
No.
$JXV.
2nd. — That I acknowledge my dependency on the Government,
and agree to stay in my country, as a Sirdar (Chief), or as if I have
been appointed a Sirdar by the Government. I am,, however, to
adjudicate, amongst my own people, according to custom, but will not
put any one to death.
3rd. — That if any of the Government Troops should pass through
my country, I will attend and furnish them with such provisions as
they may require, receiving payment for the same at the customary
rates.
4/A. — That should any disturbances arise in the Hills, I will, if so
ordered, attend with all the Cossiahs of my country, and remain in
attendance as long as I may be required to do so, receiving merely
subsistence for my people from the Government
5Mf— That if any murderers or dacoits should take refuge in my
country, I will apprehend them and deliver them up when called on
to do so.
6th. — That, in atonement for my faults, I promise to pay the
Government a total fine of 2,000 Rupees; but I am to lodge this
amount within a month from the present date.
7th. — That I give Chand Manick Rajah, and Bur Manick Rajah,
of Moleem Poonjee, as my securities for the fulfilment of the terms of
this Agreement, and I also place at Moleefh Poonjee my nephew,
Soolong Rajah, who will carry out all orders that may be given at
any time regarding my country.
To which end I have executed this Agreement.
Dated this IZth February 1839, corresponding with the 3rd Falgoon
1254 B. S.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 113
No. XXXVI. jvn ""a
AXI>
CCKSS1AU
Translation of a Perwannah issued by the Political Agent of the Cossiah Hills, TIMDKS.
in the year 1852, to Oosep Sing, Rajah, appointing him Dhollah Rajah of the \a
Mahram Territory. ^^Ti^
.' ^J 1 *\ " (Signed) F. G. Lister,
* Offiee. / Political Agent.
To
OOSEP SING, DHOLLAH RAJAH,
• Resident of Rongthong Poonjee,
in the Mali rum Territory.
Know hereby,
It appears that Oober Sing, Dhollah Rajah of the Mahram
territory, having deceased, you requested to be appointed Rajah there,
on the ground of the country having been under the control of your
uncle, the late Songaph, Dhollah Rajah, your application being sup-
ported by a petition from Oomon Muntree, Oolar Sing Rajah, and
other persons consenting to it; but final orders were deferred on it, in
consequence of Ramsye, Kallah Rajah of Nonglang Poonjee, in that
territory, having set up a claim founded on the right of his uncle, the
late Ram Sing, Kallah Rajah, to which Oojeet Lungdeo, Ooksan
Sirdar, and 'certain other persons signified their assent in a petition
they presented. As you and Ramsye Rajah, have, however, this day
come to an amicable arrangement, and filed a deed of compromise to
the effect, that of the two Kallah and Dhollah Rajahs of Mahram, the
Kallah Rajah is to be subordinate to the Dhollah Rajah, and the
investigations connected with the duties of the Raj are to be conducted
by them together in consultation* and- the profits derived therefrom
are to be enjoyed by them both, and as you have therein stated that
you are to be Rajah in the place of the aforesaid Dhollah Rajah,
retaining the said Ramsye Rajtth as your subordinate, and investigat-
ing and deciding cases occurring in the country in concert and consult-
ation with him, which are otherwise to be considered null and void,
and the afore-mentioned Ramsye Kallah Rajah has expressed his
114 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.* *.
jyntia willingness to remain as your subordinate, and according to former custom
COSSIAH to investigate and decide cases taking place in the country in company
tribes, and consultation with you, the decisions being invalid, unless so con-
y^xvii ducted, &c, besides which, you two persons are, agreeably to pre-
vious practice, to enjoy the profits derived from the country, and to
share the losses incurred therein, and as you have assented to the
above stated terms, and requested that a Perwannah may be given to
you, appointing you as Rajah in accordance therewith, you are, there-
fore, informed that you are hereby appointed Rajah in the room of the
Dhollah Rajah of the territory of Mahram, and it will be your duty to
conduct investigations and give decisions • there as stipulated in the
deed of compromise, and according to your own sense of proper justice,
retaining Ramsye Kallah Rajah as your subordinate, and both of you
acting together and in consultation to do what is incumbent on you.
You will, moreover, obey all orders that may be issued to you, from
time to time, on the part j)f the Honorable Company, without delay,
observing the terms agreed on in the deed of compromise referred to.
Dated the 28th of September 1852, corresponding with the 14th of
Assin 1259 B. S.
No. XXXVII-
Translation of a Recognizance executed by Ooksan and Ooahnloka, Rajahs of
Mullai Poonjec, in tbe year 1832.
(Signed) Ooksan Rajah.
„ OOAHNLOKA RAJAH.
To
The AGENT to the GOVERNOR-GENERAL.
We, Ooksan Rajah and Ooahnloka Rujah, Residents of Mullai Poon-
jee, having this day appeared before Mr. Harry Inglis, on the bank
of the Jadookata River, do, of our own accord and free-will, execute
this Recognizance as detailed in the following paragraphs, and we will
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 115
be responsible for the violation of any of the terms thereof, and will JYXtia
ANI>
obey the orders of the Gentlemen. cossi Air
1st — That if any Cossiahs kill, or otherwise harm or injure, any of tribes.
the Honorable Company's people within the Dholai River on the west, . .No.
and the Khagoorah Churrah on the east, we will immediately produce
the guilty persons and make reparation for the losses sustained.
2nd. — That we promise not to give shelter, assistance, or provisions
to the enemies of the Honorable Company, and if we should obtain
any information regarding them, we will send notice of the same
to the Government Officers through the Dooah radars.
3rd. — That we will not allow the enemies of the Government to
come to our bazaar of Nokhoreeah Burtikrah when it is re-opened.
4tk. — That whenever we are summoned by the Gentlemen, we will
present ourselves as soon as we receive the written order to attend,
and if we infringe these terms we will abide by any orders that may
be passed by the Gentlemen. To which end we have hereby executed
this Recognizance on this 21st of November 1832, corresponding with
the 7th Aghran 1239 B. S.
Witnessed by
Mahomed Ansor, Resident of Mouzah Noigong^Pergu/tttn/i Malt ram.
Bobaraie, Resident ofPergunnah Borahheeah, Mouzah Mookrvryautj.
BoTTAI DUBASIIIA, Resident of Pergnnnah Chorgong.
No. XXXVIII.
Translation of a Recognizance executed by Oopiiar, Rajali of Illinwul l\»oiy«M\
in the year 1 8tf *2,
To „
The AGENT to the GOVERNOR-GENERAL.
I, Oophar Rajah, Resident of Bhawul Poonjce, have this day, of
my own free-will and accord, and without any compulsion, executed
116 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
JY a^d IA * n * s Recognizance before Captain Townshend, at Cherra Poonjee, as
C( Hn!i VH detailed * n * nc following paragraphs, and I will be responsible for
tribes, the violation of any of the terms thereof, and will obey the orders
xxxviii. °f tue Gentlemen.
1st — That if the Cossiahs should kill, or in any way harm or
injure, any of* the Honorable Company's people within the boundaries
of the Ooahn Churrah or Hatee Khedda on the west, and the Dhoo-
lai Nuddee o*r the west bank of the Dongdongiah on the east, I will
immediately produce the guilty persons and make reparation for the
losses sustained.
2nd. — That I will not give any shelter, assistance, or provisions to
the enemies of the Honorable Company, and whenever I may receive
any news regarding them, I will send information thereof to the
Government people through the Dooahradars.
3rd. — That I will not allow any of the Honorable Company's
enemies to come to my Ahrung of Seemai when it is re-opened.
4th. — That whenever I may be called for by the Gentlemen, I will
attend immediately on receipt of the written order to do so, and if I
act contrary to the stipulations made in the above paragraphs, I will
submit to any 'orders the Gentlemen may choose to pass. To which
end I have executed this Recognizance.
Dated the 11 th December 1832, corresponding with the 27th Ahgran
1239 B. S.
Witnessed by # •
GoorEERAM, Resident at present at Chattarkonah.
Askur Mahomed, Resident of Pergunnah Mahram, Mouzah
Noiegong.
KoiIOOMOT Dooahradar, Resident of Ghaseegong.
Ramjan Dooahradar, Resident of Pergunnah Mahram, Mouzah
Kandeegong.
Bobaie Dooahradar, Resident of Chorgong.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUXNUDS. 117
No. XXXIX. Jtktia
AND
COSS1AH
Translation of a Recognizance executed by Eeang Cossiah, Resident of Seenai tribes.
Poonjee, Ahmol Sing Cossiah, Resident of Loukhom Poonjee, and Laloo ^~
Cossun, Resident of Mowdon Poonjee, in the year 1832. XXX IX.
(Signed) Eeang Cossiah.
„ Ahmol Sing.
„ Laloo Cossiah.
Guarantee for this Document.
I, Soobha Sing Cossiah, Resident of
Tengor Poonjee, give this Recog-
nizance of my own accord, to the
effect that I guarantee the fulfil-
ment of these terms, and am respon-
sible for any departure therefrom.
•
(Signed) Soobha Sing Cossiah.
To
The AGENT to the GOVERNOR-GENERAL.
We, Eeang Cossiah, Resident of Seenai Poonjee, Ahmol Sing,
Resident of Lonkhom Poonjee, and Laloo Cossiah^ Resident of
Mowdon Poonjee, having this day presented ourselves before
Mr. Harry Inglis, at Chamtollah, do, of our own free-will and accord,
execute this Recognizance, to the effect that we will be responsible if
any Cossiahs should Kill any of the Honorable Company's subjects
within Soolmenpore of Chamtollah on the west, and Kesmaieer Gong
and Allowkhallee, pertaining to Bahrogong on the east, and if they
commit any other aggressions, we will immediately produce the
guilty persons.
That we will not give shelter, assistance, or provisions to any of
the Honorable Company's enemies, and if we should obtain any
information regarding them, we will send notice of the same to the
Officers of Government.
That we will not allow* any of the Honorable Company's enemies
to come to our bazaar of Moudon.
That, whenever we may be summoned by "the Gentlemen, we will 4
attend without any demur, and that if we depart in any way from
/
118 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
J ^'j> IA these conditions, we will abide by any orders that may be passed
C hu!l H b y tlie Gentlemen.
t ribes. To which end we have executed this Recognizance.
No. XL. ' &
Dated this 26th of November 1832, corresponding with the \2th of
Ahgran 1239 B. S.
Witnessed by
PRANKRISTNO Som, Resident of Pergunnah Kowreeah, Mouzah
Proyahgaymool.
Hareeprosad Dass, Resident of Kusbeh Sylhet, Mohollah Ahkho-
beah.
Dodalchand Dass, Resident of Sylhet, at present at Chattuck.
»
No. XL.
Translation of an Agreement executed in the year 1841, by Chota Sahdoo Sing,
Rajah of the District of Jeerung.
The written Agreement of Chota Sahdoo Sing, Rajah of the terri-
tory of Bur Jeerung, Poonjee, executed in the present year 1248
B. S., to the following purport : —
Having solicited permission to be continued* in charge of the three
villages of Bur Jeerung, Choto Jeerung, and Pathor Khallee, now
held by me, on condition of my repairing the road and bridges in the
Hills agreeably to orders, I have been called on by a Perwannah,
No. 494, dated the 7th of Choitro of the past year, for an Agreement,
and in compliance with that order I now furnish this Agreement, stat-
ing that I promise, as customary, to make the annual repairs of the
bridges, road, ghats, and stockades, &c, in the Hills and other places
without payment, the above-mentioned three villages remaining in my
charge for the performance of these services ; and if I negligently
delay to execute these works, and the road, bridges, Ac, should not
be kept in repair, I will submit to whatever orders you may think
proper to pass. To which effect I have given this Agreement, dated
TREATIES. ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUSS CDS. 119
the 8th of June of the English year 1841, corresponding with the JYVTIA
27th Joisto 1248 B. & < \£^ H
U1UL
TRIHES*
Nik XIX
Whereas Sahdoo Sing, Rajah, has personally presented this Agree-
ment, it is hereby ordered to be accepted and filed with the record.
Dated the 8th of June of the English gear 1841, corresponding with
the 27th Joisto 1248 B. S.
No. XLI.
Translation of a Pkrwannah issued by the Principal Assistant Commissioner in
charge of the Cossiah and Jyntia Hills, to Oojee Lvskrk and Chom;lah Lvskkr,
in the year 1857, authorizing them to conduct the duties of Sirdars of Mowlong
Poonjee, for one year each, in succession to their deceased lather Zvffer Liskkr,
Sirdar of that place.
(Signed) C. K. Hudson,
Principal Assistant Commissioner
In charge of Cossiah and Jgntia Hills.
To
OOJEE LUSKER and CHONGLAII LUSKER,
Beside ids of Mowlong Poonjee.
Kncwv hereby, .
That whereas you represented yourselves, on the demise of
Zuffer Lusker, Sirdar of the Mowlong District, as being the sons and
heirs of the deceased, and solicited that you two brothers might be
permitted to conduct the duties of that office by turns for one year
each, you are now therefore appointed to the office of the late Zuffer
Lusker, pending the preferment of any substantial claim that may be
worthy of notice being made to that district, and are hereby informed
that agreeably to the terms of the Deed of Compromise you previously •
filed, you will conduct the duties of the office of that Sirdar, as is
incumbent on you, by turns, for one year each. Herein fail not
Dated the 25th of March 1857, corresponding with the 13th of Choitros
1263 B. S.
120- TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
J ™ No. XLIL
COSSIAH
HILL
TRIBES. Translation of an Agreement executed in the year 18*29 by the Sirdars, Elders,
No. XLII. and Inhabitants of the conquered District of Soopar Poonjee and allied Villages.
(Signed) Oomit Khye, of Soopar Poonjee.
„ Oohn Khye, of Nongrong.
„ Oodoor Cossiah, of Noskin.
To
Mr. DAVID SCOTT,
Agent to the Governor- General.
Agreement of the Sirdars, Elders, and Inhabitants of Soopar Poon-
jee, Nongrong Poonjee, and Noskin Poonjee,
Filed at Gowhatty on executed in the year 1829, to the following
the 12th November 1829.
purport : —
The people of our villages having entered into hostilities with and
killed the subjects of the Honorable Company, our villages have been
taken possession of by the Government. We, therefore, having now
attended at Moosmai Poonjee, enter into this Agreement, for ourselves
and all the people of the aforesaid villages, to the effect that we
acknowledge our submission to the Honorable Company as being
their people, and we agree to obey all orders that may at any time be
given regarding us.
2nd. — The inhabitants of our above-mentioned three villages having
wantonly made war with and killed the subjects of the Government,
we, instead of paying a fine in money, hereby divide with the Govern-
ment jane-half of all the limestone, good, bad, and indifferent, in our
afore-mentioned three villages. We are to have half, and we give half
to the Government, and to this effect we have executed this Agreement
on the 29th day of October 1829, corresponding with the — Kartick
1236 B. S:
Witnessed by
SOOMER Gflif, Resident of Cher r a Poonjee.
Ram Doloie, ditto ditto. *
Lall Sjng GlRI, ditto dittto.
m (Signed) W. Cracroft,
A. A. G. G.
MUNNIPORE.
Up to about the year 1714 the Annals of Munnipore possess but little
interest. In that year Gureeb Nawaz succeeded to poWter» He made
several successful invasions of Burmah, but made no permanent
conquest.
Gureeb Nawaz had three sons, named Sham Shaee, Oogut Shaee, and
Burnt Shaee. Oogut Shaee murdered his father and his elder brother,
but was expelled by Burut Shaee, who reigned two years, and was
succeeded by Gooroo Sham, son of Sham Shaee. Gooroo Sham associ-
ated with himself his brother Jai Sing, and they ruled alternately until
Gooroo Sham's death, about 1764, when the sole authority fell to
Jai Sing.
After the death of Gureeb Nawaz the Burmese invaded Munnipore,
and Jai Sing having sought the aid of the British, a Treaty of alliance,
offensive and defensive, was negociated on 14th September 1762. The
force sent to assist Munnipore was, however, recalled, and in October
of the following year Gooroo Sham confirmed the Treaty which had
been made with Jai Sing, with some modifications. No copies of these
Treaties appear to be extant.
From this time communication between the British and Munnipore
appears to ha^e ceased. On the death of Jai Sing, in 1799, the
country Vas distracted for twenty-five years by the quarrels of his
eons for power. But on the outbreak of the first Burmese War
negociations were opened with Gumbheer Sing, one of the sons
of Jai Sing, who was declared independent by the Treaty of
Yandaboo.* The two ranges of hills between the eastern and
western bends of the Barak River # were annexed to Munnipore in 1833
(No. XLIIL). After the Burmese War the Nengthee Riv^r was made
the boundary of Gumbheer Sing's territory to the east. But this was
disputed by the Burmese, and the British Government, with a view
of gratifying the Burmese, restored to them the Kubo Valley, and
fixed the eastern base of the Yomadoung Hills as the boundary of
* See Ava Treaty of 24th February 1826, Part. II.
♦ R
122 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
^tore 1 " Munnipore, giving to the Rajah a money payment of Rupees 500 a
No. xliii. month as compensation (No. XLIV.)
On the death of Gumbheer Sing, in 1834, his infant son was put
on the Guddee by Nur Sing, who declared himself Regent. In 1844,
_ __ in consequence of the failure of a plot against Nur Sing's life, the
Ranee fled from the country, taking her son with her, whereupon Nur
Sing ascended the Guddee, and ruled till his death, in 1^50.
He was succeeded by his brother Debendro Sing, who was expelled
by Chunder Kirtee Sing, son of Gumbheer Sing, who had now become
of age. In consequence of repeated attempts to upset the authority
of Chunder Kirtee Sing, whereby the peace of the country was dis-
turbed, and British influence endangered, Government made a public
avowal of its determination to uphold Chunder* Kirtee Sing, and to
punish any parties attempting to dispossess him.
The area of Munnipore is 7,584 square miles, and its population is
about 75,840. The money revenue is about Rupees 14,250 a yean
Munnipore pays no tribute to the British Government.
The relations of the British Government with Munnipore are
conducted through a Political Agent. The first appointment was made
in 1835.
XLIII.
A Translation of the Conditions entered into by Rajah Gumbheeb Sinq of Mun-
nipore, on the British Government agreeing to annex to Munnipore the two ranges
of Hills situated between the eastern and western bends of the Barak. Dated 18th
April 1833.
The Governor- General and Supreme Council of Hindoos tan declare
as follows : — With regard to the two ranges of Hills, the one called the
Kalanaga Range, and the other called the Noon-jai Range, which are
situated between the eastern bend of the Barak and the western bend
of the Barak, we will give up all claim on the part of the Honorable
Company thereunto, and we will make these Hills over in possession to
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 123
tjie Rajah, arid give him the line of the Jeeree and the western bend of ^Q^g 1 '
the Barak as a boundary, provided that the Rajah agrees to the whole No xliu.
of what is written in this paper, which is as follows : —
1st. — The Rajah will, agreeably to instructions received, without
delay, remove his Thanna from Chundrapore, and establish it on the ^~~
eastern bank of the Jeeree.
2nd. — The Rajah will in no way obstruct the trade carried on between
the two countries by Bengali or Munnipooree merchants. He will not
exact heavy duties, and he will make a monopoly of no articles of
merchandise whatsoever.
3rd. — The Rajah will in no way prevent the Nagas inhabiting the
Kalanaga and Noon-jai Ranges of Hills, from selling or bartering ginger,
cotton, pepper, and every other article, the produce of their country,
in the Plains of Cachar, at the Banskandee and Oodharbun bazaars, as
has been their custom.
4fA.—rWith regard to the road commencing from the eastern bank of
the Jeeree and continued vid Kalanaga and Kowpoom, as far as the
Valley of Munnipore — after this road has been finisKed, the Rajah
will keep it in repairs, so as to enable laden bullocks to pass during the
cold and dry seasons. Further, at the making of the road, if British
officers be sent to examine or superintend the same, the Rajah will •
agree to everything these officers may siiggest.
5th. — With reference to the intercourse already existing between the
territories of the British Government and those of the Rajah, if the
intercourse be farther ext&ided, it will be well in every respect, and
it will be highly advantageous to both the Rajah and his country. In
order, therefore, that this may speedily take place, the Rajah, at the
requisition of the British Government, will furnish a quota of Nagas
to assist at the construction of the road.
6th. — In the event of war with the Burmese, if troops be sent to
Munnipore, either to protect that country, or to advance beyond the
Ningthee, the Rajah, at the requisition of the British Government,
will provide Hill porters to assist in transporting the ammunition and -
baggage of such troJTps. •
7th. — In the event of anything happening on the Eastern Frontier
of the British territories, the Rajah will, when required, assist the
British Government with a portion of his troops.
124? TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
munni- g^ # — # The Rajah will be answerable for all the ammunition h$
No. XLIV. receives from the British Government, and will, for the information
of the British Government, give in every month a statement of
expenditure to the British Officer attached to the Levy.
t e s I Seal ) 3 a
o p
O
"•• •
^3 ^ • I, Shree Joot Gumbhoer Sing of Munnipore,
•■^s *
§ Ph agree to all that is written above in this paper «
^ sent by the Supreme Council. B
T3
Cfl
4j § Dated 18th April 1833.
« .9°
.$> ^ (A true translation)
(Signed) Geo. Gordon, JLu?u/., . .§>
Adjutant, Gumbheer Sing's* Levy.
to
No. XLIV.
Agreement regarding Compensation for the Kubo Valley.
Major Grant and Captain Pemberton, under instructions from the
Right Honorable the Governor-General in Council, having made over
the Kubo Valley to the Burmese Commissioners deputed from Ava, are
authorized to state —
1st. — That it is the intention of the Supreme Government to grant
a monthly stipend of five hundred Sicca Rupees to the Rajah of
Munnipore, to commence from the ninth day of January One Thousand
Eight Hundred and Thirty-four, the date at which the transfer of Kubo
took place, as shown in the Agreement mutually signed by the British
and Burmese Commissioners.
* As the connection of the British Government with the Munnipore Levy and the supply
of ammunition to the* Levy have ceased, this clause is inapplicable to present circumstances.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNXUDS.
125
2nd. — It is to be distinctly understood that should any circumstances munni-
• POKE*
hereafter arise by which the portion of territory lately made oyer to ^ " ^y
Ava again reverts to Munnipore, the allowance now granted by the
British Government will cease from the date of such reversion.
(Signed) F. J. Grant, Major,
„ . R. Boileau Pembebton, Capt
,\
Commissioners.
Langhthabal Munnipore.
January 25th, 1834.
I
#
*
ASSAM.
The first Treaty with any of the Assam Chiefs was a Commer-
cial Agreement (No. XLV.) made in 1793, with Rajah Surgy Deo,
But Government never ratified or published it, on the ground that the
Rajah's government was not sufficiently strong to ensure its observance.
The country subsequently relapsed into anarchy and fell under
the Burmese. It was invaded by the British when the first Burmese
War broke out. The Burmese, after perpetrating the most unheard-
of atrocities, were driven out, and the Province, which was now almost
depopulated, was annexed to the British dominions.
In 1833 Upper Assam was granted to Rajah Poorunder Sing,
with whom a Treaty (No. XL VI.) was made. The Rajah's Govern-
ment was mild but weak. He fell deeply into arrears in the payment of
his tribute, and declared his inability to meet the engagements by which
he had bound himself. The management of the country was therefore
resumed by Government.
The principal tribes on the Frontier of Upper Assam are the
Muttocks, the Khamptees, and the Singphoos.
The Bur Senaputtee or Chief of the Muttocks entered into
an Engagement (No. XL VII.) in May 1826, whereby he acknow-
ledged the supremacy of Government, and bound himself to. supply
300 soldiers in time of war. The management of the country was
left in his own hands, except as regards capital offences. In January
1835 the obligation to supply troops was commuted to a money
payment of Rupees 1,800 a year (No. XLVIII.)
On the death of the Bur Senaputtee, in November 1839, as
his successor refused the terms offered him, the management of the
country was assumed by the British Government, and Pensions were
given to the members of the family.
In 1826 arrangements similar to those made with the Muttocks were
made with the Khamptee Chief of Suddeya (*No. XLIX.) In January
1839 the Khamptees treacherously attacked the station of Sud-
k deya, and though eventually broken up and dispersed, this was not
TREATIES, "ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 127
effected until many lives were lost, and among others that of Colonel assam.
White, the Political Agent. Some of the Khamptees surrendered NaXLV -
on conditions in 1843 (No. L.)
Agreements were also made in May 1836 with the Singphoos
(No, LL) These tribes were implicated in the Khamptee rising .
in 1839, but they were allowed to surrender under conditions: no
written Agreement, however, was again taken from th$m. Many of
the Singphoo clans have become extinct, and the main body have
left Assam for Hookong, in Upper Burmah.
No. XLV.
Translation of a new system of Commerce adopted by the Maharajah Surgt
Deo, Assam, 28th February 1793.
The Maharajah Surgy Deo, highly sensible of the benefit he has
experienced from the aid which has been afforded to him by the
English Government, and desirous not only of cementing the harmony
and friendship which subsists between him and that power, but also
of extending the beneficial effects thereof, in general, to the subjects
of Bengal and Assam, has, at the recommendation of Captain Welch,
the repr8sentative at his* Court of the said English Government, agreed
to abolish the injudicious system of Commerce which has heretofore
been pursued, and to adopt in its stead- the following plan, liable,
however, to such alteration* and amendments as occasions may
require, for the mutual benefit and comfort of the subjects of both
countries.
Article 1.
That there shall henceforth be a reciprocal and entire liberty of
Commerce between the subjects of Bengal and those of Assam, for
all and singular goods and merchandizes, on the conditions and in such
manner as is settled in the following rules.
128 treaties, engagements, and sunnuds.
assam. Article 2.
No. XLV.
That to facilitate this free intercourse between the subjects of both
nations, those of Bengal, in fulfilling the conditions hereafter pre-
scribed, be permitted to proceed with their boats loaded with merchan-
dizes into Assam, and to expose their goods for sale, at any place or
in any manner may best suit their purposes, without being subject to
any other duties than are established by these Articles.
Article 3.
That a regular Impost be levied on all goods or merchandizes,
whether of Export or Import, and that these duties be fixed as
follows : —
Imports,
1st. — That the Salt of Bengal be subject to an Impost of 10
per cent, on the supposed prime cost, reckoning that invariably at
£00 Rupees per 100 maunds of 84 sicca weight to the seer.
2nd. — That the Broad Cloths of Europe, the Cotton Cloths 9f
Bengal, Carpets, Copper, Lead, Tin, Tutanag, Pearls, Hardware,
Jewellery, Spices, and the various other Goods imported into Assam,
pay an equal Impost of 10 per cent, on the Invoice price.
3rd. — That Warlike Implements and Military Stores be considered
contraband and liable to confiscation, excepting the supplies of these
articles which may be required for the Company's troops stationed in
Assam, which, and every other matter of convenience for -the said
troops, whether of clothing or provisions, are in all cases to be exempt
from duties.
Exports*
1st. — That the Duties to be levied on all articles of Export (except
in such cases as are hereafter mentioned,) be invariably 10 per cent,
reckoning agreeable to the rates hereby annexed to each, viz. :—
Rs. As. P.
Mooga Dohtees, per md. of 84 sa. wt to the seer
Mooga Thread, ditto ditto*
Pepper, ditto ditto
Elephants' Teeth, ditto ditto
• • •
95
70
50
• ••
4
ASSAM.
3
8
No'XLV.'
4
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 129
Cutna Lac, per md. of 84 sa. wt. to the seer
Chuprah and Jury Lai, ditto ditto
Munjeet, ditto ditto
Cotton ditto ditto
2nd. — That all articles of Export not herein specified (with the
exception of the following), and for which no certain calculation can be
made, be subject to an equal Impost, in such instances always to bo
paid in kind ; and with respect to these articles which have been parti-
cularized, that the Duties be received either in money or kind, as may
be most convenient to the Merchant: but as it may happen that a
temporary scarcity of grain may occur either in Bengal or Assam, to
provide against which, Rice and every description of Grain to be
exempt from Duties.
Article 4.
That any person or persons detected in attempting to defraud the
Surgy Deo of the Duties hereby established, shall be liable to a con-
fiscation, of his, or their property, and for ever after debarred the
privilege of the trade.
Article 5.
That for the purpose of collecting the said Duties, Agents be appoint-
ed, and Custom Houses established for the present, one at the Caudahar
Chokfey and one at Gowtyatty.
Article 6.
That it be the business of the Agents to be stationed at the Can-
dahar Chokey, to collect the Duties on all Import*}, and on all Expert*,
the produce of the country to the westward of GowbaUy, lor wbi<Jj
they are to be held responsible. They are to examim; nil boat*
passing up and down the river, and, after having settled with (.ho pro-
prietor for the amount of the Duties, they arc to #rant liiiu a jmuppvH,
specifying the number and quantity of" twili aitu-U*, a <;oj»y ut' whicb
they are to forward, without delay, to the AguuUt at <jovvhal,t i y i vvhii.luu,
or further, if it be necessary, the Merchant may pro<;i;ud uiuloi fraud ion
of the said pass.
130 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
ASSAM * Article 7.
No. xlv. -
That it be the business of the Agents stationed at Gowhatty to
collect the Duties on all Exports the produce of the country parallel
to it, north and south, and also on all Exports the produce of the
country to the eastward, as far as Nowgong, for which in like
manner they are to be held responsible. They are to examine all
boats passing down the river, and to grant passports to the proprietors,
copies of which to be forwarded to the Agents at the C^ndahar Chokey,
who are to re-examine the cargo, lest, on the way between Gowhatty
and their station, the merchant may have taken goods on board which
could not be specified in the pass granted at that place.
Article 8.
That as an incitement to the Agents to be industrious in the dis-
charge of their duty, a recompense be made to them, bearing a propor-
tion to the amount of the collections, and that for the present it be
fixed at 12 per cent, on the said collections, which is calculated to
defray all incidental expenses.
Article 9.
That the said Agents be required to be sureties for each other, and
ttat the whole be bound by engagements to the Surgy Deo, not only
for the purity of tjieir conduct in the collections, "hut also that they
abstain from having any concern* cither "directly or indirectly, in
trade.
Article 10.
That a copy of their accounts be produced on or before the 10th of
every month, and that the payment of the collections be made into
the hands of any person the Surgy Deo may appoint to receive it at
the expiration of every quarter.
Article 11.
That the standard weight hereafter, both for Exports and Imports,
m be 40 seers to the maund, and 84 6icca weight to the seer.
treaties, engagements, and sunnuds. 131
Article 12. • assam.
No. XLV
That as much political inconvenience might arise to both Govern-
ments from granting a general license to the subjects of Bengal to
settle in Assam, no European merchant, or adventurer of any des-
cription, be allowed to fix their residence in Assam without having
previously obtained the permission of the English Government and
that of the Surgy Deo.
Article 13.
That as Captain Welsh, the representative of the said English
Government, in consideration of the Surgy Deo having removed the
prohibitory restrictions which have hitherto existed, to the detriment
of a free intercourse, has signified his intention of bringing to punish-
ment all persons from Bengal offending against the established laws
of Assam, or infringing these Articles, so the Surgy Deo, on his
part, declares he will punish all abuses in his subjects, tending to
obstruct or discourage the reciprocal intercourse this system is
designed to promote.
Article 14.
That copies of these Articles be affixed at every public place
throughout Assam, that none may plead ignorance, and that Captain
Welsh be requested to send one officially to his Government.
(Signed) Tho. Welsh,
Captain.
*
4
•
132 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
ASSAM - No. XL VI.
No. XJLVI.
Treaty and Agreement concluded between Mr. Thomas Campbell Robertson,
Agent to the Governor- General on the North-East Frontier, on the part of the
Honorable Company and Rajah Poorunder Sing, now residing at Gowhatty,
in Assam.
Article 1.
The Company give over to Rajah Poorunder Sing the portion
of Assam lying on the southern bank of the Burrumpooter to the
eastward of the Dhunsiree River, and on the northern bank to the
eastward of a nullah immediately east of Bishenath.
Article 2.
The Rajah Poorunder Sing agrees to pay an annual tribute of
50,000 Rupees of Rajah Mohree coinage to the Honorable Company,
Article 3.
The Rajah Poorunder Sing binds himself, in the administration
of justice in the country now made over to him, to abstain from the
practices of the former Rajahs of Assam, as to cutting off ears and
noses, extracting eyes or otherwise mutilating or torturing, and that
he taill not inflict cruel punishment for slight faults, but generally
assimilate the administration of justice in his territory to that which
prevails in the dominions of the Honorable * Company. He further
binds himself -not to permit the immolation of women by suttees.
Article 4.
The Rajah Poorunder Sing binds himself to assist the passage
of the Troops of the British Government through his territory,
furnishing supplies and carriage on receiving payment for the same,
• Article o.
«
Whether at Jorhath or elsewhere, wheresoever a spot may be
required for the permanent cantonment of the troops of the British
• Government, the Rajah agrees that, within the limits assigned to such
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 133
cantonment he shall exercise no power whatever ; all matters connect- ASSAM.
ed with such cantonment to be decided on by the Officer of the British No# XLVI «
Government.
Article 6.
v In the event of a detachment being stationed at Suddeyp, or elsewhere,
the Rajah Pdorunder Sing binds himself to render it all the assistance
that it shall require in regard to provisions and carriage.
Article 7.
The Rajah binds himself ever to listen with attention to the advice
of the Political Agent to be stationed in Upper Assam, or to that of
the Agent to the Governor-General, with a view to the conduct of
affairs in the country made over to him in conformity with the stipu-
lation of this Agreement.
Article 8.
The Rajah binds himself not to carry on any correspondence
by letter or otherwise, or to enter into any Contract or Agree-
ment with the Rulers of any Foreign States. In all cases of necessity
he will consult with the Political Agent or Agent to the Governor-
General, by whom the necessary communication will be made.
Article 9.
The Rajah binds himgelf to surrender, on demand from the Agent
to the Governor-General or Political Agent, any fugitive from justice
who may take refuge in his territory, and always to apply to those
Officers for the apprehension of any individuals who may fly from his
territory into that of the Honorable Company, or of any other State.
Article 10.
It is distinctly understood that this Treaty invests Rajah Poorunder
Sing with no power over the Moarmaria Country of the Bur Sena-
puttee. s
Article 11.
It being notorious that the quantity of opium produced in Assam
is the cause of many miseries to the inhabitants, the Rajah binds
134 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
Assam, himself that, whatever measures may be determined on with a view to
XLvil checking this source of mischief in the territory of the Honorable
Company, corresponding measures shall be adopted in the territory
made over to him.
In the event of the Rajah's continuing faithful to the articles of
this Treaty, the British Government engages to protect him from the
aggressions of any foreign foe, but if, which God forbid, he should
in any way depart from a faithful adherence to the same, and be guilty
of oppressing the people of the country entrusted to his charge, then
the right is reserved to the Government of the Honorable Company,
either to transfer the said country to another ruler, or take it into its
own immediate occupation.
Dated the 2nd March 1833, or 20th Phagoon 1239 B. E.
(A true translation)
(Signed) T. C. Robertson,
Agent, Governor-GeneraL
No. XLVIL
\Sth May 1826.
Translation of Kuboolyut of Bob Sen a puttee.
The Bur Senaputtee, in the presence of Mr. Scott, agreed to the
following Kuboolyut : —
I, Matee Bur Bur Senaputtee of the Muttocks, write what follows:
The Pykes belonging to the Phokuns, Burooahs, Brahmins, and
others that are under me, amount to 160 Gotcs, and my own amount
to 260 Gotcs, of these 42 Gotes are my own Liksoos, 11 belong to the
Hazaree Keeahs.
5 Sykeahs.
15 Burakayees.
42 are Raj Sumulyjths (provide rice).
5 to the Naoogs.
120 Total.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 135
300 Gote8 remain, deducting these. Of these 150 are fighting men, ASSAM.
150 laborers: these I will furnish, according to the custom of the X lvil
country, by Mai, Dewal, Teeal, and what russud the Sircar may want
that I will furnish on getting the amount of its cost ; over these people
I will exercise jurisdiction, enquire and decide, but in cases of murder,
dacoity, and. great wounding, and thefts above 50 Rupees, I will
institute investigation, and send the papers and the men to the pre-
sence, and whatever ordered I will obey. This Kuboolyut shall
remain until another is made.
Signed by the Bur Senaputtee.
Witnesses.
Juto Zye Dewalyah.
gudadhur.
Signed with Mr. Scott's initials.
Sunnud of Bue Senaputtee.
The AGENT of the GOVERNOR-GENERAL, &c, to
MATEE BUR BUR SENAPUTTEE.
You are ordered, after providing yourself and the Bissyahs with
Pykes for your own dfod their use, to keep 300 at the Sircar's
disposal, but of these I give you 20 for your personal use, and that
of your children or others, the remaining 280 you will always have
forthcoming.
13th May 1826.
There is another Sunnud of the same day, in which the 20 Gotes
are not excepted ; but the above said to be the last.
136 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
ASSAM. Na XL VIII.
No.
XLVIII.
Translation of an Agreement entered into by Matee Bur Bur Senaputteb, on
the 23rd January 1835, in the presence of the Political Agent, Upper Aftsam.
Article 1.
I agree to relinquish my claim to the village of Suckhowah, which
has been the cause of dispute between the Sudcjeya Khawah Gohain
and myself ; further, I agree that the following shall be recognized as
the territorial boundaries of my district. On the north the Berhampoo-
ter, on the west the Boormee Dehing River, separating my territory
from that of Rajah Poorunder Sing, to the east the Dibroo River
and the Danquree Nullah, which falls into it From the rise of the
nullah a boundary line will be formed to connect it with the Boore
Dehing River ; for this purpose Lieutenant Charlton can depute one
person and I will depute another.
The lands lying between the Dhul Jan and Gooroo Jan. Nullahs,
which fall into the Danquree Nullah, to be considered under my
jurisdiction, and the persons deputed as above-mentioned can connect
them by definite marks, so as to form a boundary line. These are the
territorial boundaries of the country under my jurisdiction, «nd have
no reference to the pecuniary questions now pending between me and
the British Government.
Article 2.
I cannot agree to the demand which the British Government has
made me to contribute towards the expenses of the State in an increas-
ed proportion, quinquennially, or by paying a tribute of 10,000 Rupees
per annum, as I engaged to do under the Assam Government. But if
the British Government requires me no longer to furnish a Military
Contingent of 300 men, I agree to pay in their stead the usual Capita-
tion Tax for these 300 men, which, at the rate of 6 Rupees per head,
will amount to 1,800 Rupees per annum. I further agree to restore to
the British Government the arms of this force, if required. I likewise
will adhere to the engagement I formed wrth Captain Neufville, to pay
551 Rupees per annum, on account of Pykes who absconded from
Upper Assam, whilst that Province was under his charge in 1829 ; and
further I agree tp pay to those who have absconded from Rajah
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNTJDS. 137
Poorunder Sing's territory within the last two years. I will cause Assa m.
them to be counted, but if suspicion is entertained that a false enumer- No ' XLIX
ation will be given in, I agree that the British Government may
nominate an Officer to take a new census.
(Signed) Matee Bur Bur Senaputtee.
Witnesses.
CHOTA Gohain Khamptee, residing at Suddeya.
Sadee Man Jemadar, residing at Morung.
Golaub Sing Jemadar, residing at Bishenath.
Gopee Surma Dola Suvya Bora, residing at Jorehaut
No. XLIX.
TBANSLATION of KlJBOOLYUT of SUDDEYA KHOWAH GoHAIN.
Salan Suddeya Khowah Gohain makes the following Agreement : —
I am made Khowah Huddah of Suddeya for the purpose that I per-
form all the duties of the Company, and which I agree by this writing
to do. The 12 Sirings under me have 43 Gotes of 3 Pykes, and of
Khamtees there are 40 and 1 Poa, and of Dooms there are 12 Gotes
1 Poa — total 95 Gotes 2 Poa. Of these the Siring Burooah has 1 Gote
1 Poa and 8 Gotes of Siksoos, and my own are 10 Gotes with 1 Poa for
Runnut Mura. Also the Bura of Khamtees and Dooms has 4 Gotes —
remaining 72 Gotes. Of these 40 are fighting men, and 20 working men,
and 12 fishermen : these shall be forthcoming according to the customs
of the country by Mai, Dewal, Teeal ; and I will do justice to the people
under me, but in cases of murder, wounding, arson, thefts above 50
Rupees, in these having made enquiries, the papers, witnesses, and
offenders shall be sent to the Huzoor, and I will be always ready to
obey the orders of the Huzoor, and what russud is required shall be
given on payment. This paper is written before every one.
(Signed) Salan Suddeya Khowah.
Witnesses. •
KAGESSUB, Duftry.
Sundee Sing, Chupprassee.
Signed with Mr. Scott's initials.
15th May 1826. *
T
138 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
ASSAM, NO. L.
No. L.
Translation of an Agreement entered into by Choroneera Captain Gohain,
Chawtangoo Gohain, Coromoong Caggootee Gohain, Powangai Sow Dariah
Fhokun, Soonggat, and others, dated the 2nd December 1 843.
We, late inhabitants of Derack and Suddeya, were engaged in the
attack upon the latter place, and fled to the Mishmee Country ; we have
offered our submission to return back, if our former offences were
overlooked, and now we have returned agreeably to the orders of the
Political Agent, with our followers, viz. Chowdung, Chawding, Long
Fong, Poychoy, Chalan, Sham, Poom, Metong, and Chowlah, but
the whole of the Khamptees are unable to return for the present, owing
to their crops being uncut. However, they hereby promise to come in
with all their families after their crops have been gathered, or within
a month and half from 'this date.
1st. — We shall be allowed a sufficient quantity of lands for* our
support, either at Choonpoora or at Noa Dehing, for a term of five years
rent-free, and after the expiration of that period we agree to pay a
moderate rent for the lands we may cultivate, or pay a house tax, as
Government may choose to authorize. Any orders that may be issued
respecting the Abkarry shall be duly attended to.
2nd. — We engage also to endeavor to prevent or intercept any
inroads of the Singphoos or Mishmees on the Suddeya ryots, and shall
• obey all orders of the Civil or Political Authorities on the frontier.
3rd. — We further engage that we shall desist from trafficking in
slaves according to the regulations of Government generally.
4th. — All petty crimes and offences occurring amongst ourselves shall
be settled by the Chiefs of the villages, but in all heinous offences, such
as robbery, murder, dacoity, wounding, and counterfeiting the coin, we
promise to make over the offenders to the Political Agent, with their
respective witnesses for trial ; and disputes between the heads of the
different villages or clans shall also be referred to the same authority.
5th. — At the expiration of ten years jhe whole of our engagements
will be subject to a revision and alteration, as it may seem best to His
Lordship to determine on.
m 6th. — Should we or any of the Khamptees in any way depart from
the faithful adherence of the above Agreement, and commit any acts of
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. • 139
violence, we shall be subject to be driven out of 'the Province, and be ASSAM.
without further excuse. No « LI »
(True translation)
Frans. Jenkins,
Agent, Governor- General.
No. LI.
Translation of an Agreement entered into by the Sing Phoo Chiefs.
We, Bour of Beesa, Koomjoy of Sookhang, Meejang of Wakhet,
Jaow of Nungnoo, Chowkeu of Kotah, Jowra of Choo Khang, Joodoo
of Leechoo, Chaow of Nenem, Changnong of Nenem, Nemgong of
Kuzaow, Tamrang of Kasan, Jawan of Pecheela, Jamtong of Set,
Judoo of Kamkoo, and Chowra Ningko, fourteen Gaums, enter into
this written Engagement with the British Government in the year
1748 Sukka. We acknowledge subjection to the British Govern-
ment, and bind ourselves to observe the following conditions, approved
of by David Scott, Esquire, Political Agent in Assam.
1st — We and our dependent Sing Phoos were formerly subject to
the Assamese Government, and now the Honorable Company having
become the rulers of that country, we acknowledge allegiance to
them, aaid abjure all connection with the Burmese or any other foreign
Prince. Regarding political matters we will not hold any sort of
intercourse with foreigners, but will act agreeably to the orders of
the British Government.
2nd. — If an enemy come from any foreign country to invade Assam,
we will supply the British Troops with rice and other necessaries ; we
will prepare roads and ghats, and ourselves make such resistance as
we may be required to do. • If we act in this manner we will be
entitled to protection from the British Government,
3rd. — If we abide strictly by the terms of this Agreement, no revenue
is to be demanded from us, but if . hereafter any Assamese Pykes
140
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
ASSAM, should, of their own pleasure, desert to our villages, we will in that case
No. LL p a y f or them the Capitation Tax.
4th. — We agree to release, and to cause to be released, all Assamese
captives detained by us or our dependents, such of them as chose to
remain in our villages being at liberty to do so.
5th. — If hereafter any Sing Phoos should commit depredations on the
Assamese territories, we bind ourselves to arrest and deliver them up
for punishment, and in case of our being unable to do so, we declare
ourselves jointly responsible for the damage sustained by the people
of Assam.
6th. — We will administer justice in our respective villages according
to former custom, and settle all disputes amongst our dependents; and if
any quarrel shall take place between two Gatims, we will not have
recourse to arms, but refer the matter for the decision of the British
authorities.
7th. — We solemnly promise to abide by the above written conditions,
and, as hostages for the performance thereof, we agree^each to deliver
into the custody of the Political Agent, a son, or a nephew, or brother,
as that officer may direct. To all these articles we have in-common
agreed.
Dated 2±th Bysakh 17 4£.
(Signed)
Boun.
KOONJOY,
his mark, f
Meejang,
ditto • f
Jaow,
ditto f
Chowkeu,
ditto f
JOWRA,
ditto f
JOWDOO,
ditto f
Chaow,
ditto f
Changnang
, ditto f
Neengan,
ditto f
Tamkang,
ditto f
Ji.MTANG,
ditto f
JUDOO,
ditto f
JOWRA,
ditto f
Jaeen,
ditto f
*****»**¥* IKssitHaiCrSS. *:K7 <5HKVr7^
airHRL i 1 * iwmrannj: /c !La»/*r.. »*£ >h A* v^oi.
slaves at he poseseE icdk ib* csrarf ic -zm F<c* xtf R^bh^nw
4 •»
/
B O O T A N.
The temporal supremacy in Bootan is vested in an Officer called
the Deb Rajah/ and the spiritual supremacy in another Officer called
the Dhurm Rajah.
The first intercourse of the British Government with Bootan
commenced with the expedition sent in 1772 for the relief of the Rajah
of Cooch Behar. The Booteahs, driven out of Cooch Behar, and
pursued into the Hills, threw themselves on the protection of Thibet
The Teshoo Lama, then Regent of Thibet, and guardian of the Grand
Lama of Lassa, addressed the Government of India on their behalf.
The application was favorably received, and a Treaty of Peace (No.
LII.) was concluded 6n 25th April 1774.
From this time, with the exception of two unsuccessful commercial
missions in 1774 and 1783, there was little intercourse with Bootan,
until our occupation of Assam, which connected the British and Bootan
frontiers. Since then there has been a continued series of aggressions
by the Booteahs on British Territory, followed by reprisals on the p£rt
of the British Government, and the occupation of the Dooars or passes
which lie at the foot of the Booteah Hills.
IJetween the Teesta, which forms the eastern boundary of Sikkim and
the Monas, there are eleven* of these Dooars,
some bordering on Britfsh territory and some on
the State of Cooch Behar.
Little is known regarding the first six of these.
They are governed by Soubahs appointed by the
Sunnud of the Deb Rajah. Bijnee and Sidlee
are governed by Rajahs, who pay tribute to Boo-
tan, and the Bijnee Rajah holds two Pergunnahs in British territory
for which he pays revenue to Government.
fi. Ghurkolah. On the northern frontier of Kamroop there
2. Baksha, or Banska. are fj ve + Dooars, and on the north of Durrung
3. Cnappagooree. ' ■ °
4. Chapakhamar. two.
e. Boon* Gooma. Under the Assam Government the Kamroop
7. Kulling. Dooars had entirely fallen under the Bootan
authorities, and the Bootan supremacy continued after the acquisition
*1.
Dallrakote.
2.
Zamerkote.
3.
Cheemurchee.
4.
Lukhee.
5.
Buxa.
6.
Bulka.
7.
Bara.
8.
Gooma.
9.
Reepoo.
10.
Checrung or Sidlee.
11.
Bagh or Bijnee.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 143
of Assam by the British Government. But the Durrung Dooars bootan .
were held alternately four months by the British Government, and No * LI1#
eight months by the Booteahs each year.
In 1841, in consequence of renewed aggressions and the increasing
disorganization of the country, the whole of these -Dooars were
annexed to .the British possessions, and a sum of Rupees 10,000 was
allotted, to be annually paid to the Chiefs as compensation, which
sum was considered to be equal to one-third of the revenue of the
Kamroop and Durrung Dooars. No written Agreement was made
regarding this arrangement.
A similar arrangement, under a written Engagement (No. LIIL), was
made in 1844 with the Booteeahs who rule over Towang, and are
dependant on Thibet. A sum of Rupees 5,000 a year is paid for the
resumption of the Koreapara Dooar as one-third of its net revenue.
To the east of the Towang country are the independent clans of
the Rooprye and Shirgaiah Booteahs, whose custom it was to enter
the Char Dooar and Now Dooar, which have been held by the British
Government since the occupation of Assam, and to levy black mail.
But the black mail was eventually commuted to an annual payment
of money. The Rooprye and Shergaiah Booteahs receive, under
Agreement (No. LIV.), Rupees 2,526-7 a year. Similar payments are
made to the Thebengiah Booteahs, but they do not appear to have sub-
scribed any Engagement.
Further to the east are the wild tribes of Akas, with whom similar
Agreements (Nos. L V. and L VI.) have been made. The Dufflas, Meris
and Bor Abors also receive money payments in lieu of black mail, but
no Engagements appear to have been taken from them.
No. LII.
Articles of a Treaty of Peaie between tbe Honorable East India Company
and the Deb Rajah or Rajah of Bootan.
1st. — That the Honorable Company, wholly from consideration for
the distress to which the Bootans represented themselves to be reduced,
' 1 44 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
bootan. an( j f rom th e desire of living in peace with their neighbors, will
°' ' relinquish all the lands which belonged to the Deb Rajah before the
commencement of the war with the Rajah of Cooch Behar, namely, to
the eastward, the lands of Chitchacotta and Pangola-haut, and to the
westward, the- lands of Kyruntee, Marragaut, and Luckypoor.
2nd. — That for the possession of the Chitchacotta Province, the
Deb Rajah shall pay an annual tribute of five Tangun Horses to the
Honorable Company, which was the acknowledgment paid to the
Behar Rajah.
3rd. — That the Deb Rajah shall deliver up Drijindenarain, Rajah of
Cooch Behar, together with his brother the Dewan Deo, who is
confined with him.
4th. — That the Bootans, being merchants, shall have the same privi-
lege of trade as formerly, without the payment of duties, and their
caravan. shall be allowed to go to Rungpore annually.
5th. — That the Deb Rajah shall never cause incursions to be made
into the country, nor in any respect whatever molest the ryots that
have come under the Honorable Company's subjection.
6th. — That if any ryot or inhabitant whatever shall desert from the
Honorable Company's territories, the Deb Rajah shall cause him to be
delivered up immediately upon application being made for him.
7th. — That in case the Bootans, or any one under the government
of the Deb Rajah, shall have any demands upon, or disputes with, any
inhabitant of these or any part of the Company's Territories, they
shall prosecute them only by an application to the Magistrate, who
shall reside here for the administration of justice.
Sth. — That whereas, the Sunneeyasies are considered by Ae English
as an enemy, the Deb Rajah shall not allow any body of them to take
shelter in any part of the districts now given up, nor permit them to
enter the Honorable Company's territories, or through any part of his,
and if the Bootans shall not of themselves be able to drive them out,
they shall give information to the Resident, on the part of the English, in
• Cooch Behar, and they shall not consider the English troops pursuing
the Sunneeyasies into those districts any breach of this Treaty.
9th. — That in case the Honorable Company shall have occasion for
m cutting timber from any part of the woods under the Hills, they shall
do it duty free, and the people they send shall be protected.
TEEATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 145
10th. — That there shall be a mutual release of prisoners. bootax.
This Treaty to be signed by the Honorable Resident and Council of No * L111,
Bengal, &c., and the Honorable Company's seal to be affiled on the
one part, and to be signed and sealed by the Deb Rajah on the other part.
Signed and ratified at Fort William, the 25th April 1774.
(Signed) Warren Hastings.
William Aldersey.
39
99
99
99
99
99
P. M. Dacres.
J. Laurell.
Henry Goodwin.
J. Graham.
George Vansittart.
(A true copy)
(Signed) J. P. Auriol,
Assistant Secretary.
No. LIII.
An Agreement entered into by Chang jo i Satrajah, Sreng Satrajah, Cheeng
DtjNDoo Satrajah, of Naregoon, and Tong Pa bee Rajah, Chang Dundoo Bramee,
Poonjai Bramee, of Takhul Tooroom, dated 24th Maug 1250 B. S.
It having been ordered by Ilia Lordship the Governor-General
in Council that we should be allowed annually one-third of the whole
of the proceeds of Koreeahpara Dwar, viz. 5,000 Rupees, we volun-
tarily pledge ourselves to adhere to the following terms most strictly : : —
1st. — We pledge ourselves to be satisfied, now and for ever, with the
above-mentioned sum of 5,000 Rupees, and relinquish all right over
any proceeds that may accrue from the Dwar.
2nd. — In our traffic we pledge ourselves to confine our dealings to
"the established market places at Oodalgooree and Mungle Dye, and
never interfere with the ryots, neither will we allow any of our
Booteahs to commit any acts of oppression,
. u
14G TBEATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNTDS.
bootan. 3 r d. — We have relinquished all power in the Dwar, and can no
No. liv. i on g er i ev y an y ren t f rom t nc ryots.
4*A. — We agree to apply to the British Courts at Mungledye for
redress in all our grievances in their Territories.
5th. — Should we ever infringe any of the foregoing terms, we shall
forfeit our right to the above Pension.
(True translation)
Frans. Jenkins,
Agent, Governor" General.
No. LIV.
An Agreement entered into by Durjee Rajah, Taugjoog Rajah, Dukpah Rajah,
tloYPOO Rajah, Chang Khangdoo Rajah, Saugja Rajah, Roop Rae Gtah,
Tooung Bhungdoo Rajah, Surgyah, of Bootan, dated 29th Maug 1250 B. S.
Under the supposition that we were concerned with Niboojoo Rajah,
Kawree Bhoot, and Bogah Bhoot, in the murder of Muddoo Sykeah, of
Ooang, in Chardoar, and therefore required to give up the above-
mentioned supposed murderers, which we were unable to do, in
consequence of which the Dwars were attached, and we forjoidden to
.frequent them , and it being now ordered that we be allowed a Pension
in lieu of Black Mail and may again visit the Plains for the purposes
of traffic under a sworn Agreement, to ensure the ryots from any
oppressions from us: — We hereby pledge ourselves to act up to the
following terms, swearing according to our customs by placing salt
on a daw or Bootan sword, and biting it, and cutting the skins of a
tiger and bear : —
1st. — We pledge ourselves to report our arrival in the Plains to the
Patgarree, and never to commit any fraud or theft against any ryot
or Patgarree in trafficking with them, or any other act of oppression.
Neither will we allow any of our people to do so, or we shall forfeit
our privilege of visiting the Plains.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND StJNNUDS. 147
2nd. — We pledge ourselves never to join any person or persons that B0QTAy «
may be at enmity with the British Government, and furthermore to No ' LJV '
oppose every effort made against the Government the instant it shall
be brought to our knowledge, and report faithfully any intelligence
we may get of any conspiracy being carried on. We also pledge
ourselves to ajct up to any orders we may get from the British Autho-
rities. Should it ever be proved that we have joined in any conspiracy,
we shall not be allowed to visit the Plains.
3rd. — We will never come into the Plains armed, and in our traffic
confine ourselves exclusively to the established market places at
Lahabarree, Balle, Barah, Oobung, and Tezpor, and not deal with the
ryots in their private houses, neither will we permit any of our people
doing so.
4th. — We consider ourselves in all civil aggrievances bound to abide
the decision of the British Courts.
5th. — I, Durjee Rajah, am content to receive a monthly Pension of
25 Rupees, and for the rest of my people 20 Rupees each, altogether
145* Rupees in lieu of our Black Mail, and we relinquish every other
right in Chardoar.
6th. — The moment we hear that any of our people have been guilty
of any crime in the Plains, we engage to give up the offender.
Tth. — We pledge ourselves to act up to the foregoing terms, or
forfeit our Pension.
• • (True translation)
Fjrans. Jenkins,
Agent, Go vernor- General.
* Increased in 1852 to Rupees 2,526-7-0 a year.
1 tS TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
BOOTAN. Jf 0# L V.
No. LV.
An Agreement entered into by the Tagi Rajah of the Aka Purbat,
dated 26th Maug 1250 B. E.
Although I 'entered into an Agreement on the 28th January 1842
A. D., that I should in no way injure the ryots in my dealings with
them, and have received from the British Government, since 1842, a
Pension of 20 Rupees, and traded in all the villages in Chardoar.
It being now considered that my trading in this way is oppressive to
the ryots, and therefore required to be discontinued, I bind myselfto
confine my trade to the established market places at Lahabarree and
Baleepara, and to adhere to the following terms : —
1st — Myself, with my Tribe, will confine ourselves in our trade
exclusively to the markets in Lahabarree, Baleepara, and Tezpor. "We
will not, as heretofore, deal with the ryots in their private houses*
2nd. — I will be careful that none of my Tribe commit any act of
oppression in the British Territories.
3rd. — "We will apply to the British Courts for redress in our
grievances, and never take the law in our own hands.
\th. — From the date of this Agreement I bind myself to abide by
the foregoing terms, on condition that the following Pensions are
regularly paid :
To Seemkolee Aka Rajah 32 Rupees.
To Soomo Rajah ... ... ..: 32 „
To Nesoo Rajah 26 „
Total... 120 Rupees.
5th. — In the event of my infringing any of the foregoing terms, I
subject myself to the loss of my Pension of 20 Rupees, and shall also
forfeit the privilege of visiting the Plains.
(True translation)
Frans. Jenkins,
Agent, Governor-General
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. U9
NO. LVI. BOOTAN.
No. LVI.
An Agreement entered into by Changjoe, Hazaree Know ah Aka Hajah, Chang
Sumlt Hazaree Khowah, Kabooloo Hazaree Khowaii Aka Rajah, and Nijum
Eapasobah Aka Rajah, on the 29th Maug 1250 B. E.
We hereby swear, according to our customs, by taking in our hands
the skin of a tiger, that of a bear, and elephant's dung, and by killing
a fowl, that we will never be guilty of any violence or oppression
towards any of the ryots of the British Government, and that we will
faithfully abide by the following terms : —
1st. — Whenever any of us come down into Chardoar, we will report
our arrival to the Patgarree, and fairly barter our goods, being guilty of
no theft or fraud in any way with any of the ryots.
It shall also be our particular care that none of our people
shall be guilty of any crimes in the territories of the Honorable
Company.
2nd. — We also engage never to join any parties that are or may
hereafter be enemies to the British Government, but pledge ourselves
to oppose them in every way in our power. We will also report any
intelligence we may get of any conspiracy against the British Govern-
ment, and act up to any order we may receive from their authorities.
Should it ever be proved that we have participated in any conspiracy,
we shall have forfeited our privilege of coming into the British
Territories. m
3rd. — In coming into the Plains we will always appear unarmed, and
confine ourselves exclusively to the hauts or market places established
at Lahabarree, Baleepara, Oorung or Tezpor, and not, as heretofore,
- traffic with the ryots at their private dwellings ; neither will we allow
our people to do. so.
, 4th. — All civil debts with the ryots shall be recovered through the
Courts, as we acknowledge ourselves subservient to the British laws in
their country.
5th. — I, Kapasorah Aka Jlajah, agree to take in lieu of the Black
Mail of Chardoar a yearly Pension of 60 Kupees ; and I, Hazaree
Khowah Aka Rajah, a Pension, in like manner, of 120 Rupees : This will
be considered to deprive us of any connection with Chardoar, and of
150
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
b ootan. exacting any thing from the ryots. We pledge ourselves to abide
No. lvl 8 t r j c tjy by the above terms, or forfeit our Pension.
(True translation)
Fbans. Jenkins,
• Agent, Governor' General.
•
/
COOCH BEHAE. g™«_
No.LVII.
The connection of the British Government with- Cooch Behar
commenced in 1772, when the Rajah, then a minor and a prisoner in
the hands of tlje Booteahs, offered, through his Minister the Nazir Deo,
to pay half his revenue to the Company, if they would assist him
in expelling the Booteahs from his country. '
The Rajah's proposals were agreed to. The Booteahs were expelled,
and a Treaty (No. LVII.) was concluded, by which the Rajah agreed
to acknowledge subjection to the British Government, allow Cooch
Behar to be annexed to Bengal, defray the expenses of the operations
against the Booteahs, and make over half of his annual revenues.
Rajah Durrinder Narain died in 1780, and was succeeded by his own
father Rajah Dhujinder Narain, who had been carried off by the
Booteahs, but who had been released under the Treaty with Bootan
of 25th April 1774. Rajah Dhujinder died in 1783, and was succeeded
by his infant son Hurindur Narain, who, in 1839, was succeeded by his
son Sibinder Narain. He was succeeded in 1847 by his nephew and
adopted son Nurinder Narain, the present Rajah.
Our relations with Cooch Behar are nearly the same as in 1772.
During the minority of Hurindur Narain there was a Resident at
Cooch Behar, and on several occasions Commissioners have been
appointed to reform the administration. But there has been no Resi-
dent Commissioner since* 1824, and the management of affairs is left
the sole conduct of the Rajah and his officers.
No. LVII.
Treaty with the Rajah of Cooch Behar.
Articles of Treaty betweet^thc Honorable East India Company and
Durrinder Narain, ltajah of Cooch Behar.
Durrinder Narain, Rajah of Cooch Behar, having represented to the
Honorable the President and Council of Calcutta the present distressed
152 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS,
coocii state of the country, owing to its being harassed by the neighboring
No Lvii" independent Rajahs, who are in league to depose him, the Honorable
the President and Council, from a love of justice and desire of assisting
the distressed, have agreed to send a force, consisting of four Companies
of Sepoys and a field piece, for the protection of the said Rajah and
his country against his enemies, and the following conditions are
mutually agreed on : —
1st. — That the said Rajah will immediately pay into the hands of the
Collector of Rungpoor 50,000 Rupees, to defray the expenses of the
force sent to assist him.
2nd. — That if more than 50,000 Rupees are expended, the Rajah
* will make it good to the Honorable the English East India Com-
pany, but in case any part of it remains unexpended that it be
delivered back.
3rd. — That the Rajah will acknowledge subjection to the English East
India Company upon his country being cleared of his enemies, and will
allow the Cooch Behar country to be Annexed to the Province of
Bengal.
4th. — That the Rajah further agrees to make over to the English
East India Company one-half of the annual revenues of Cooch Behar
for ever.
5th. — That the other moiety shall remain to the Rajah and his heirs
for ever, provided he is firm in his allegiance to the Honorable United
East India Company.
6th. — That in order to ascertain the value of the Coodi Behar
Country, the Rajah will deliver a fair hustabood of his district into the
hands of such person as the Honorable the President and Council of
Calcutta shall think proper to depute ior that purpose, upon which
valuation the annual malguzary, which the Rajah is to pay, shall be
established.
7th. — That the amount of the malguzary, settled by such person
as the Honorable the East India Company shall depute, shall be
perpetual.
8th. — That the Honorable English tEast India Company shall
always assist the said Rajah with a force when lie has occasion
for it for the defence of the country, the Rajah bearing the
expense.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
153
9th. — That this Treaty shall remain in force for the space of two $?£££
years, or till such time as advices may be received from the Court of No LVIIt
Directors > empowering the President and Council to ratify the same
for ever.
This Treaty, sighed, sealed, and concluded by the Honorable the
President and^ Council at Fort William, the fifth day of April 1773,
on the one part, and by Durrinder Narain, Rajah of Cooch Behar, at
Behyar Fort, the 6th Maug 1179 Bengal style, on the other part
AV
SIKKIM.
From a Report by Dr. A. Campbell, Superintendent of Darjeeling.
- Sikkim, known as. " Dinjong" by the inhabitants and in all the
neighboring Countries, is bounded on the north by Thibet, on the
east by Bootan, on the west by Nepal, and on the south by the
Bummam and great Rungeet Rivers, which divide it from the
Darjeeling Hill Territory. The area is about 1,550 square miles, and
the population probably not more than five to the square mile, or
7,000, in the following proportion : —
Lepchas 3,000
Booteahs 2,000
Limboos 2,000
There is no money revenue, and the contributions in kind from
agricultural produce and transit duties on trade would, if converted
into money, probably not exceed Rupees 7,000 per annum. The country
is, to a great extent, covered with forest and thick underwood, and is
most difficult to travel in. The Rajah's residence is at " Tumloong"
from November till May. For the remainder of the year he lives
at Choombi, in the Thibet Territory, to avoid the heavier rains of
Sikkim. He is tributary to China, through the vice-royalty at Lhassa,
and of late years, since his loss of territory # through the misconduct
of his officers, he has received an annual allowance from Lhassa of
Rupees 1,000 to 2,000.
Our relations with Sikkim commenced at the outbreak of the war
with Nepal in 1814-15. The Goorkhas commenced inroads in Sikkim
as early as 1780, and when the encroachments on British Territory issued
in war, they had overrun Sikkim as far eastward as the Teesta River,
including the Morung or the Terai at the foot of the Hills. It was the
object of the British Government to give every possible assistance to the
Sikkim Rajah to expel the Goorkhas, and on the conclusion of the Nipal
war the country between the Mechi and the Teesta, which had been
wrested by us from the Ncpalesc, was made over by Treaty (No. LVIII.)
to the Rajah of Sikkim. The main object of this Treaty was to shut
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 155
out the Nepalese from the means of carrying out any views of aggran- sikkim.
dizement to the eastward.
From 1817 to 1825 there does not appear to have been any business
transactions between the Sikkim Rajah and the British Government.
About this year, however, the minister of the Rajah Buljeet, a Lepcha
Chief, was murdered, when all his adherents of the same tribe, about
800, under the guidance of Eklathye Kajee, fled from Sikkim and took
refuge in Nepal. Shortly after this disputes arose on the Sikkim and
Nepal boundary, which came under the cognizance of the Governor-
General's Agent for the North-East Frontier and the Resident in Nepal.
In 1828 Captain Lloyd was deputed to the Sikkim Frontier in connection
with these disputes. He penetrated the Hills in company with Mr.
J. W. Grant, the Commercial Resident at Malda, as far as Rinching-
poong. These gentlemen,, attracted by the position of Darjeeling,
brought it to the notice of the Governor-General, and it was resolved
by Government to open negociations with the Rajah of Sikkim on the
first convenient occasion for the cession of Darjeeling to the British
Government in return for an equivalent in lands or money. This
opportunity occurred in 1834-35, when the Lepcha refugees in Nepal
made an inroad into the Sikkim Terai, and Colonel Lloyd was deputed
to enquire into the causes, of the disturbance. The refugees were
obliged to return to Nepal, and the negociation ended in the uncondi-
tional cession, by the Rajah, of the Darjeeling tract under a Deed of
Grant (No. LIX), dated February 1835.
In. 18ll the Government granted an allowance of Rupees 3,000
per annum to the Rajah as compensation for the cession of Darjeeling,
and a further sum of Rupees 3,000 in 1846 — in all Rupees 6,000
per annum.
The settlement of Darjeeling advanced rapidly, its population
having risen from not more than 100 souls in 1839 to about 10,000
in 1849, chiefly by immigration from the neighboring States of Nepal,
Sikkim, and Bootan, in all of which slavery is prevalent. There was
free trade in labor and all other commodities, with forest land enough
for all comers to settle in, and every encouragement given to the
new arrivals. The increased importance of Darjeeling, under free
institutions, was a source of early and constant jealousy and annoyance
to the Dewan of the Rajah, who was himself the monopolist of all
156 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
si K kim . trade in Sikkim, and it was shared in by the Lamas and other
principal people in the country, who lost their rights over slaves
settling as British subjects in our territory. The plan pursued was
through reports and secret emissaries to frighten our new subjects,
by declaring that they should be delivered up as escaped slaves to
their former rfiasters, and by discouraging the resort in every way
of the Sikkim people to Darjeeling, added -to which some British
subjects were occasionally kidnapped to be sold into slavery, and
there were frequent denials of aid in capturing and surrendering
criminals. There has always been an arrangement for a mutual
exchange of slaves between Sikkim and Bootan, and Dr. Campbell,
the Superintendent of Darjeeling, wis constantly importuned by the
Sikkim Rajah and his Dewan t6 get the British -Government to follow
a similar course with Sikkim, which was of necessity steadily refused.
In 1849, Dr. Hooker and Dr. Campbell, while travelling in Sikkim,
with permission of Government and the Rajah, were suddenly seized
and made prisoners. The object was to force Dr. Campbell to
relinquish claims for the surrender of criminals ; to maker him, while in
durance, agree to the dictation of the Dewan regarding the giving up of
escaped slaves ; and to detain him until these enforced conditions should
be sanctioned by Government. Foiled by the declaration that what-
ever concessions might be extorted then would not be confirmed by
Government, and intimidated by the declaration of the Governor-
General that the Rajah's head should answer for it if a hair of the head
of Dr. Campbell or Dr. Hooker were hurt, the Sikkimese eventually
released the prisoners on 24th December 1849.
In February 1850 an avenging Force crossed the great Rungeet into
Sikkim. The expedition resulted in the stoppage of the grant of
Rupees 6,000 per annum to the Rajah, the annexation of the Sikkim
Terai, and the portion of the Sikkim Hills bounded by the Rummam
River on the north, the great Rungeet and the Teesta on the east,
and by the Nepal Frontier on the west.
This new Territory was put under the management of the Superin-
tendent of Darjeeling, and, through the* rapid increase of population
and suitability for tea, is becoming very valuable. The Dewan was
ostensibly dismissed from office, and for some years matters proceeded
smoothly and well between Sikkim and our Government. But this
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 157
man worked his way into power again through his wife, an illegitimate sikkim.
. daughter of the Rajah's, and the kidnapping of .our subjects was No * Lv m.
resumed without the possibility of obtaining redress.
. In April and May 1860 two aggravated cases of kidnapping were
reported to Government. All ordinary efforts to procure restitution
of our subjects and the surrender of the offenders, who were adherents
of the Dewan* having failed, the Governor-General in Council resolved
to occupy the territory of the Rajah lying to the north of the Rum-
mam River and to the west of the great Rungeet, and to retain it
until our subjects were restored, the offenders given up, and security
obtained against a recurrence of similar offences. On the 1st Novem-
ber 1860 the Superintendent of Darjeeling crossed the Rummam
with a small force, and advanced as far as Rinchingpoong. But he was
eventually forced to fall back on Darjeeling. A stronger force was
then despatched under Command of Lieutenant-Colonel Gawler,
and accompanied by the Hon'ble Ashley Eden as Envoy and Special
Commissioner. The force advanced to the Teesta, when the Sikkimites
acceded to the terms dictated by the Governor-General, and a new
Treaty (No. LX.) consisting of twenty-three articles, was concluded
by the Envoy with the Rajah in person, on the 28th of March 1861.
No. LVIII.
Treaty, Covenant, or Agreement entered into by Captain Barre Latter, Agent
on the part of His Bxceflency the Right Honorable the Earl of Moira, K. G.,
Governor-General, &c, &c., &c., &c, and by Nazir Chaina Tenjin and Macha
Teinbah and Lama Duchim Longdoo, Deputies on the part of the Rajah of
Sikkimputtee, being severally authorized and duly appointed for the above
purposes.
Article 1.
The Honorable East India Company cedes, transfers, and makes
over in full sovereignty to the Sikkimputtee Rajah, his heirs or succes-
sors, all the hilly or mountainous country situated to the eastward
of the Meitchie River and to the westward of the Teesta River, for-
merly possessed and occupied by the Rajah of Nepaul, but ceded to
the Honorable East India Company by the Treaty of Peace signed at
Segoulee. ,
158 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
SIKKIM.
No - LVIIL Article 2.
The Sikkimputtee Rajah Engages for himself and successors to
abstain from any acts of aggression or hostility against the Goorkhaa
or any other State.
Article 3.
That he will refer to the arbitration of the British Government any
disputes or questions that may arise between his subjects and those of
Nepaul, or any other neighboring State, and to abide by the decision
of the British Government.
Article 4.
He engages for himself and successors to join the British Troops with
the whole of his Military Force when employed within the Hills, and in
general to afford the British Troops every aid and facility in his power.
Article 5.
That he will not permit any British subject, nor the subject of any
European and American State, to reside within his dominions, without
the permission of the English Government.
Article 6.
That he will immediately seize and deliver up any dacoits or noto-
rious offenders that may take refuge within his territories.
Article 7. *
That he will not afford protection to any defaulters of revenue or
other delinquents when demanded by the British Government, through
their accredited Agents.
Article 8.
That he will afford protection to merchants and traders from the
Company's Provinces, and he engages that no duties shall be levied on
the transit of merchandize beyond the established custom at the several
golahs or marts. %
Article 9.
The Honorable East India Company guarantees to the Sikkim-
puttee Rajah and his successors the full and peaceable possession of
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. •
159
the tract of hilly country specified in the first Article of the present sikkim.
Agreement. • lvidl
Article 10.
This Treaty shall be ratified and exchanged by the Sikkimputtee
Rajah within pne month from the present date, and the counterpart,
when confirmed by His Excellency the Right Honorable the Gover-
nor-General, shall be transmitted to the Rajah.
Done at Titalya, this \0th day of February 1817, answering to the
9th of Phagoon 1873 Sumbut, and to the 30th of Maugh 1223
Bengallie.
Barre Latter.
( L. s. j Nazir Chaina Tinjin.
[ l. s. j Macha Timbah.
Lama Duchim Longadoo.
The Governor-
General's
Small Seal.
(Signed)
»
9t
99
MOIRA.
N. B. Edmonstone.
Archd. Seton.
Geo. Dowdeswell.
Ratified by the Governor-General in Council, at Fort William, this
fifteenth day of March, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Seventeen.
(Signed) J. Adam,
Acting Ghief Secyt to Government.
160 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
SIKKTM. Draft of a Sunntjd for the Rajah of Siuim, dated 7th April 1817.
LVUI. ^ e Honorable East India Company, in consideration of the
services performed by the Hill tribes under the control of the Rajah
of Sikkim, and of the attachment shown by him to the interest of the
British Government, grants to the Sikkimputtee Rajah, his heirs and
successors, all that portion of low land situated eastward of the Meitchie
River, and westward of the Maha Nuddee, formerly possessed by the
Rajah of Nepaul, but ceded to the Honorable East India Company
by the Treaty of Segoulee, to be held by the Sikkimputtee Rajah as a
feudatory, or as acknowledging the supremacy of the British Govern-
ment over the said lands, subject to the following conditions : —
The British Laws and Regulations will not be introduced into the
territories in question, but the Sikkimputtee Rajah is authorized to
make such laws and regulations for their internal government, as
are suited to the habits and customs of the inhabitants, or that may be
in force in his other dominions.
The Articles or Provisions of the Treaty signed at Titalya, on the
10th February 1817, and ratified by His Excellency the Right
Honorable the Governor-General in Council, on the 15th March
following, are to be in force with regard to the lands hereby assigned
to the Sikkimputtee Rajah, as far as they are applicable to the circum-
stances of those lands.
It will be especially incumbent on the Sikkimputtee Rajah and his
officers to surrender, on application from the officers of the Honorable
Company, all persons charged with criminal* offences, and all public
defaulters who may take refuge in the lands now assigned to him, and
to allow the police officers of the British Government to pursue into
those lands and apprehend all such persons. -
In consideration of the distance of the Sikkimputtee Rajah's residence
from the Company's Provinces, such orders as the Governor-General
in Council may, upon any sudden emergency, find it necessary to
transmit to the local authorities in the lands now assigned, for the
security or protection of those lands, are to be immediately obeyed
and carried into execution in*the same manner as if coming from the
Sikkimputtee Rajah.
In order to prevent all disputes with regard to the boundaries of the
low lands granted to the Sikkimputtee Rajah, they will be surveyed by
a British Officer, and their limits accurately laid down and defined.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 161
NO. LIX. . SIKKIM.
Translation of the Deed of Grant making over DARjEELiNO.to the East India
Company, dated 29th Maugh, Sumbut 1891, A. D. 1st February 1835.
The Governor-General having expressed his desire for the possession
of the Hill of l)arjeeling, on account of its cool climate, for the purpose
of enabling the servants of "his Government, suffering from sickness,
to avail themselves of its advantages, I, the Sikkimputtee Rajah, out ofr
friendship to the said Governor-General, hereby present ftarjeeling to
the East India Company, that is, all the land south of the Great
Runjeet River, east of the Balasur, Kahail, and little Runjeet Rivers,
and west of the Rungno and Mahanuddi Rivers. •
(Translated)
(Signed) A. Campbell,
Superintendent of Darjeeling,
and in charge of Political relations with Sikkim.
Nos. LIX.
and LX.
Seal of the Rajah
prefixed to the document.
}
No. LX.
Treaty, Covenant, or Agreement entered into by the Honorable Ashley Eden,
Envoy and Special Commissioner on the part of the British Government, in virtue
of full powers vested in him by the Right Honorable Charles Earl Canning,
Governor-General in Council, and by His Highness Sekeong Kuzoo, Maja Rajah
of Sikkim, on his own part.
: Whereas the continued depredations and misconduct of the officers
and subjects of the Maha Rajah of Sikkim, and the neglect of the
Maha Rajah to afford satisfaction for the misdeeds of his people, have
resulted in an interruption, for many years past, of the harmony which
previously existed between the British Government and the Govern-
meat of Sikkim, and have led ultimately to the invasion and conquest
162 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
Sii^i^ f Sikkim by a British Force ; and whereas the Maha Rajah of Sikkim
No. LX. k a8 nQW ex p regge( j hi s sincere regret for the misconduct of his servants
and subjects, his determination to do all in his power to obviate future
misunderstanding, and his desire to be again admitted into friendship
and alliance with the British Government, it is hereby agreed as
follows : — #
I.
* All previous Treaties made between the British Government and
the Sikkim Government are hereby formally cancelled.
IT.
The whole olf the Sikkim Territory now in the occupation of British
Forces is restored to the Maha Rajah of Sikkim, and there shall
henceforth be peace and amity between the two States.
Ill
The Maha Rajah of Sikkim undertakes, so far as is within his power,
to restore, within one month from the date of signing this Treaty, all
public property which was abandoned by the detachment of British
Troops at Rinchinpoong.
IV.
In indemnification of the expenses incurred in 1860 by the British
Government in occupying a portion of the territory of Sikkim as a
means of enforcing just claims which had been evaded by the Govern-
ment of Sikkim, and as compensation to the British subjects who were
pillaged and kidnapped by subjects of Sikkim, the Sikkim Govern-
ment agrees to pay to the British authorities at Darjeeling the sum
of 7,000 (seven thousand) Rupees in the following instalments, that is
to say : —
May 1st, 1861 ... ... ... 1,000
Nov. 1st, 1861 ... ... % ... 3,000*
May 1st, 1862 ... ... ... 3,000
As security for the due payment of this amount, it is further agreed
««• that, in the event of any of these instalments not being duly paid on
• •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 163
the date appointed, the Government of Sikkim shall make over to the sikkim.
British Government that portion of its territory bounded on the south °*
by the River Rummam, on the east by the Great Runjeet River, on
the north by a line from the Great Runjeet to the Singaleelah Range,
including the monasteries of Tassiding, Pemonchi, and Changacheling,
and on the west by the Singaleelah Mountain Range, and the British
Government shall retain possession of this territory and collect the
revenue thereof, until the full amount, with all expenses of occupation
and collection, and interest at 6 per cent, per annum, are realized.
V.
The Government of Sikkim engages that its subjects shall never
again commit depredations on British territory, or kidnap or otherwise
molest British subjects. In the event of any such depredation or
kidnapping taking place, the Government of Sikkim undertakes to
deliver up all persons engaged in such malpractice, as well as the Sir-
dars or other Chiefs conniving at or benefiting thereby.
VI.
The Government of Sikkim will at all times seize and deliver up
any criminals, defaulters, or other delinquents who may have taken
refuge within its territory on demand being duly made in writing
by the British Government, through their accredited agents. Should
any delay occur in complying with such demand, the Police of the
British (xovernment may *f olio w the person whose surrender has been
demanded into any part of the Sikkim territory, and shall, on showing
a warrant, duly signed by the British Agent, receive every assistance
and protection in the prosecution of their object from the Sikkim
officers.
VII.
Inasmuch as the late misunderstandings between the two Govern-
ments have been mainly fomented by the acts of the ex-Dewan ISfamguay,
the Government of Sikkim eiigages that neither the said Namguay,
nor any of his blood relations, shall ever again be allowed to set foot in
Sikkim, or to take part in the councils of, or hold any office under, _
the Rajah or any of the Rajah's family at Choombi.
164? TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
SIKKIM. VIII.
The Government of Sikkim from this date abolishes all restrictions
on travellers and monopolies in trade between the British territories and
Sikkim. There shajl henceforth be a free reciprocal intercourse, and
full liberty of commerce between the subjects of both countries ; it
shall be lawful for British subjects to go into any part pi Sikkim for
the purpose of travel or trade, and the subjects of all countries shall
be permitted to reside in and pass through Sikkim, and to expose
their goods for sale at any place and in any manner that may best
suit their purpose* without any interference whatever, except as is
hereinafter provided.
• IX.
The Government of Sikkim engages to afford protection to all
travellers, merchants, or traders of all countries, whether residing
in, trading in, or passing through Sikkim, If any merchant! traveller,
or trader, being a European British subject, shall commit any offence
contrary to the laws of Sikkim, such person shall be punished by the
representative of the British Government resident at Darjeeling, and
the Sikkim Government will at once deliver such offender over to the
British authorities for this purpose, and will, on no account, detain
such offender in Sikkim on any pretext or pretjnce whatever. All
other British subjects residing in the country to be liable to the laws
of Sikkim ; but such persons shall, on no account, be punished with
loss of limb, or maiming, or torture, and every case of punishment of
a British subject shall be at once reported to Darjeeling.
X.
No duties or fees of any sort shall be. demanded by the Sikkim
Government of any person or persons on account of goods exported into
the British territories from Sikkim, or imported into Sikkim from the
British territories.
:xl v
On all goods passing into or out of Thibet, Bootan, or Nepal, the
Government of Sikkim may levy a duty of customs according to such a
scale as may, from time to time, be determined and published, without
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 165 *
reference to the destination of the goods, provided, however, that such SIKKIM.
duty shall, on no account, exceed 5 per cent, on the value of the goods
at the time. and place of the levy of duty. On the payment of the
duty aforesaid a pass shall be given, exempting such goods from
liability to further payment on any account whatever.
XII.
With the view to protect the Government of Sikkim from fraud on
account of undervaluation for assessment of duty, it is agreed that the
custom officers shall have the option of taking over for the Govern-
ment any goods at the value affixed on them by the owner.
XIII.
In the event of the British Government desiring to open out a road
through Sikkim, with the view of encouraging trade, the Sikkim
Government will raise no objection thereto, and will afford every
protection and aid to the party engaged in the work. If a road is
constructed, the Government of Sikkim undertakes to keep it in repair,
and to erect and maintain suitable traveller's rest-houses throughout
its route.
XIV.
If the British Government desires to make either a topographical
or geological survey of Sikkim, the Sikkim Government will raise no
objection to this being done, and will afford protection and assistance
to the Officers employe^ in this duty.
XV.
Inasmuch as many of the late misunderstandings have had their
foundation in the custom which exists in Sikkim of dealing in slaves,
the Government of Sikkim binds itself, from this date, to punish
severely any person trafficking in human beings, or seizing persons for
the purpose of using them as slaves.
XVI.
Henceforth the subjects of Sikkim may transport themselves without
let or hindrance to any country to which they may wish to remove. In
the same way the Government of Sikkim has authority to permit the _
subjects of other countries, not being criminals or defaulters, to take
refuge in Sikkim. *
166 TKEATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
SlKKiaL^ XVII.
The Government of Sikkiin engages to abstain from any acts of
aggression or hostility against any of the neighboring States which
are allies of the British Government. If any disputes or questions
, arise between the people of Sikkim and those of neighboring States,
such disputes or questions shall be referred to the arbitration of the
British Government, and the Sikkim Government agrees to abide by
the decision of the British Government.
XVIII.
The whole military force of Sikkim shall join and afford every aid
and facility to British Troops when employed in the Hills.
XIX.
The Government of Sikkim will not cede or lease any portion of its
territory to any other State, without the permission of the British
Government.
XX.
The Government of Sikkim engages that no armed force belonging
to any other country shall pass through Sikkim without the sanction
of the British Government.
XXI.
Seven of the criminals, whose surrender • was demanded * by* the
British Government, having fled from Sikkim and taken refuge in
Bootan, the Government of Sikkim engages to do all in its power to
obtain the delivery of those persons from the Bootan Government, and
in the event of any of these men again returning to Sikkim, the
Sikkim Government binds itself to seize them, and to make them over
to the British Authorities at Darjeeling, without delay.
XXII.
"With a view to the establishment of an efficient Governmerft in
Sikkim, and to the better maintenance of friendly relations with the
— British Government, the Rajah of Sikkim agrees to remove the seat of
* liis Government from Thibet to Sikkim, and reside there for nine
months in the year. It is further agreed that a Vakeel shall be
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
107
accredited by the Sikkim Government, who shall reside permanently sikkim
at Darjeeling. No * LX '
XXIII.
This Treaty, consisting of twenty -three Articles, being settled and
concluded by .the Honorable Ashley Eden, British Envoy, and His
Highness Sekeong Kuzoo Sikkimputtee, Maha Rajah, at Tumloong,
this 28th day of March 1861, corresponding with 17th Dao Neepoo 61,
Mr. Eden has delivered to the Maha Rajah a copy of the same in
English, with translation in Nagri and Bootiah, under the seal and
signature of the said Honorable Ashley Eden, and His Highness the
Sikkimputtee Maha Rajah, and the Sikkimputtee Maha Rajah has in
like manner delivered to the said Hon'ble Ashley Eden another copy
also in English, with translation in Nagri and Bootiah, bearing the seal
of His Highness and the said Honorable Ashley Eden. The Envoy
engages to procure the delivery to His Highness, within six wteeks
from this date, of a copy # of this Treaty, duly ratified by His
Excellency the Viceroy and Governor-General of India in Council,
and this Treaty shall in the mean time be in full force.
(Signed) Sikeong Kuzoo Sikkimputtee.
(Signed) Ashley Eden,
Envoy.
(Signed) Canning.
Ratified by His Excellency the Viceroy and Governor-General of
India in Council, at Calcutta, on the sixteenth day of April 1861.
(Signed) C. U. Aitchison,
* Under- Secy, to the Govt, of India.
S. W. FRONTIER.
From a Report by Major Dalton, Commissioner of Chota Nagpore.
There are 21 Mehals* which form the S. W. Frontijr,*and which
* The Sumbulpore Group. may be classified in four groups, the Sum-
bulpore, Patna, and Sirgooja groups, and
Singhboom. The territories comprised in
the Sumbulpore and Patna groups were
ceded to the British Government by the
Treaty of 1803, with
t See Nagpore. Ragoj(?e B honsla.t With
the exception of Raigurh, the Chief of which
State was, as a reward for his fidelity and
services, declared to Ire under the special
protection of # the British Government, all
these States were restored to the Mahrattaa
in 1806.- But in 1818 they reverted to the
British Government, and were finally ceded
by the Treaty of 1826.
Advantage was taken of the circumstances
under which Sumbulpore and Patna and
their dependencies were found on their cession to annul the
dependency of the other Zemindars on these two Chiefs, and in
1821 separate Sunnuds were granted by Government to each
Zemindar, and separate Engagements taken. The Government from
the first declined to issue any definite rules for the guidance of the
Chiefs. The general line of policy to be adopted alone was indicated*
The ascertained and generally admitted rights of the Rajah land the
various classes of his subjects, and all customs of the country that
were not incompatible with the usages of civilized nations, were to be
strictly maintained. In regard to tribute, it was determined to adopt
generally a lower scale than that which was levied under the Mahratta
Government. Except with Raigurh, with which a final settlement
(No. LXI.) was made in 1819, the settlements were all made for a
1. Sumbulpore Proper.
2. Burgurh.
3. Raigurh.
4. Suktee.
5. Gangpore.
6. Sarungurh.
7. Bunnie.
8. Bamra.
9. Rehra Cole.
10. Sonepore.
The Patna Group.
1. Patna Proper.
2. Phooljhur.
3. Bora Samur.
4. Khuriar.
5. Bindra Nowagurh.
The Sirgooja Group.
1. Sirgooja Proper.
2. Jushpore.
3. Oodeypore.
4. Korea.
5. Chang Bukar.
Singhhoom.
\ '
♦ •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 169
limited period. They were renewed in 1827, and though the Engage- FR QvnFR.
ments entered into in that year were nominally for five years, they have
never been renewed. One of these Engagements is given (No. LXII).
Separate Engagements, of which one is given (Xo. LXII I.), were
taken from each Chief, binding him to the right administration of the
Judicial an<T Police powers entrusted to him. In practice the powers
of the Chiefs in criniinal cases are limited to the infliction of seven
years' imprisonment.
Sumbulpore Proper escheated to Government in 1849. In 1833 the
Zemindar of Burgurh was convicted of rebellion, and his estate was
conferred on the Rajah of Raigurh. The other Mehals remain on the
same footing as they were left by the settlement of 1827.
With exception of Gangpore and Bunnie, all the districts in the
Sumbulpore and Patna groups have been recently put under the admi-
nistration of the Superintendent of the Cuttack Tributary Mehals.
The territories forming the Sirgooja group were ceded in 1817,
and in 1818 Government sent a Superintendent to Sirgooja to restore
order in the country, which had become distracted by domestic feuds.
In 1820 and 1825 Engagements (No. LXIV. and LXV.) were made
with the Chief of Sirgooja. In 1819 Engagements (No. LXVI. and
LXVII.) were also taken from the Chiefs of Jushpore and Korea, of
which latter State Chang Bukar was then a feudal dependency ; but
in 1848 separate Settlements (No. LXVIII.) were made with Korea
and Chang Bukar.
The estate of Oodeypflre was treated as a lapse in consequence of
the Chief Dhiraj Sing having been convicted of manslaughter. In
1860 the State was conferred on Lall Bundeshuree Pershad Sing Deo
Bahadoor, with whom an Agreement (No. LXIX.) was made.
The Singbhoom Country was never conquered by the Mahrattas,
and was in the position of an Independent State, when Rajah Ghusham
Sing tendered his allegiance to the British Governmentjn 1818. The
object of the Rajah was partly to be recognized as owning the alle-
giance of his kinsmen the Rajah of Scraikela and the Thakoor of
Khursowan, and partly to procure assistance in subduing the refractory
tribe of the Lurka Coles. The Rajah's pretensions to supremacy were
not recognized. An Agreement (No. LXX.) was taken from him only
as regardsjiis own estate. It is believed that separate Engagements
were taken from the Rajah of Seraikela and the* Thakoor of Khurso-
wan ; but no copies of these are extant.
Y
170 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
FRONTIER. ^^ e esta * e °f ^ e Rajah of Singbhoom, afterwards styled the Rajah
of Porahat, was confiscated for rebellion in 1857.
The Lurka Coles were subdued in 1821, and an Agreement
(No. LXXI.) was made with them, by which they bound themselves to
be subject to the British Government, and to pay a fixed tribute to
their Chiefs. But in consequence of repeated outrages it was found
necessary to send a force against them in 1836, when fresh Engage-
ments were verbally made and solemnly sworn to, by which they
bound themselves to obey and pay revenue to the British Government.
In the following year each of the headmen received a * Sunnud and
pottah, in the former of which all the conditions which they had sworn
to abide by were specified. "Whenever a new headman is appointed, he
receives a Sunnud, and swears to abide by the conditions. In 1857 a
large number of the Lurka Coles espoused the cause of the Rajah of
Porahat, but on the restoration of order they reverted to peaceful
pursuits. The total revenue from the district is about Rupees 45,000.
The expenditure, including a Police Battalion, amounts to about
Rupees 30,000.
* Translation of a Sunnud given by Captain Tick ell to Raoria Manksb of
Kowsillapossi, in Bur Peer, dated 10th December 1838.
Be it known to you, Raoria Mankee, of Kowsillapossi, in Bur Peer,
that the post of Mankee in Bur Peer is given to you, therefore I give
you this Sunnud under orders of the Agent, Governor-General, of the
10th December 1838. You must act in accordance therewith. In
conformity with your Agreement, made in presence of the Agent,
Governor-General, and Assistant Commissioner, you will be held
responsible for all the crimes, viz., theft, murder, dacoity, highway
robbery, and plunder, &c, occurring in all the villages under your
charge. If the revenue of your Illakah be not received on the fixed
date, you will bo held personally responsible for it: the Government
revenue wilLbe collected according to the current settlement, and such
as may be hereafter made. You will perform your duties zealously, and
must arrest and deliver up criminals. You must not willingly allow
offenders to escape in any way, whether in consideration of relationship
or bribes. If any offenders escape from another Illakah^ and take
refuge in your Illakah, you must arrest them and bring them to Court,
and if you conceal them or favor their cause, it will be to vour
» • • •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 171
discredit. Yofl must report to the Court at once the occurrence of anv 5- JT-
" rKON I IF.R.
theft, murder, dacoity, highway robbery, and plunder, &c, that
takes place in your Illakah, and you are authorized to try and deter-
mine yourself petty cases, such as quarrels, altercations, &c, and
report the fact to the Court. You are to remain loyal, and obey any
orders given you by myself or any person constituted my successor.
For your assistance a Moondah has been -appointed in each village in
your Illakah. They must obey your orders, and they will also promise
before the Agent, Governor-General, and Assistant Commissioner, that
they will obey their Mankee's orders, and aid him ; whatever good or
bad occurs in their respective village, they must report it to the
Mankee ; if they cannot find the Mankee, they will report the fact to
the Naib Mankee. If I become ill or go to'some other place on my
own business, another Officer will be appointed to discharge the duties
entrusted to me at present. Moreover, if you receive orders to arrest
any offender either from the Assistant Commissioner^ or Acting
Assistant Commissioner, you must arrest the offender and bring him
to Court. If the offender absconds from your Illakah to any other, you
must trace and arrest him. Or if the Mankee of other Illakah requires
assistance from you to apprehend a felon, you must comply instantly, •
and make no excuse, and exert yourself to the utmost, so that the felon
may be secured. If you be ill, or may have occasion to visit other
villages, you must entrust your duties to your Xaib. He is appointed
by Government for those duties. Moreover, if you see that you will
be detained for some tiine at some place on your own business, you
must report that to the Court — that there may exist no anxiety in your
mind. If you receive any orders from any Rajah, Baboo, Zemindar,
Qr Karpurdauz, on any pretence whatever, you must not fail in your
engagement; onthe contrary, you must arrest the bearer of the said
order, and bring him to the "Assistant Commissioner or to the Officer
in charge for the time being. If any body disturbs the peace'of your <•
Illakah, you must collect your force or followers, and arrest the man and
bring him to the Assistant Commissioner. If the disturber of the
peace leaves your Illakah for another, you must go there, apprehend
him, and bring him to Court, and must not knowingly let him escape :
you must always act up to the above instructions. You will receive a
172 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
frontier. 8e parate Pottah, and will receive one-tenth out of the 'revenue which
~No. LXL~ will be collected by Government from your Illakah. If you neglect the
discharge of the Government duties entrusted to you, then the tenth
part of the revenue promised to be paid to you will be withheld, and
the pottah of the Mankeeship will be taken back and given to some
other person : you must keep this as a Sunnud.
Translation of a Pottah given by Captain Tickell to Raoria Mankse of Kow-
sillapossi, in Bur Peer, dated 19th March 1839.
Be it known to Baoria Mankee of Kowsillapossi, in " Sath Bun-
turia " : the undermentioned villages are entrusted to you. You axe
nominated Mankee of those villages : you must keep the ryots in those
villages satisfied, and settle them. You must be attentive to the
Government orders, and collect the revenue of your Illakah accord-
ing to the settlement, and bring it yourself. Whatever revenue will
come from any village, one-sixth of it will be given to the Moondah,
and from the remainder you will get one-tenth. Therefore this Pottah
is given to you.
(Here follows specification of villages.)
No. LXI.
Kubooltut executed by Rajah Joojiiar Sing of Raigurh, dated 25th May 1819.
•
Whereas a settlement in perpetuity of the whole of Raigurh, with
its Tuppahs, Pilka, Tarapore, and Khass Raigurh, from } !?-§£; has
been concluded with me, I, Rajah Joojhar Sing of Raigurh, do
voluntarily agree and promise to pay, without alleging any pretext,
an annual tribute of 30 Gold Mohura as a mark of my allegiance to
the British Government. The tribute will be paid in one instalment
in the month of Cheyt.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 173
No. LXII.
Kubooltut executed by Maharajah Bhoopal Deo of Patna,
dated 17th February 1827 A. D.
S. W.
FRONTIER.
Nos. LXII.
AND
LXIII.
"Whereas the whole of Khalsa Patna, which is my Zemindarry, has
* A. D. 1826^27 to been settled with me for five years, from 1236*
1 RJlO-3 1
to 1240 Nagpore year, at an annual jumma of
Sicca Rupees 562-8-0, or an aggregate jumma of Rupees 2,812-8-0,
including "Mai," "Abwab Muhmoolee," or other customary duties,
excepting unclaimed and intestate property, Khyrat, Jaghire, " Bishoon-
peereet" endowments, I, Maharajah Bhoopal Deo of Patna, do freely
and voluntarily execute this Agreement, in which I promise that I will,
according to the prescribed instalments and without pleading any
excuse on the score of drought or diluvion, punctually pay in my
revenue at Sumbulpore every year. I will conciliate my ryots, and
adopt such measures as shall tend to the improvement of my estate.
I will not harbour offenders against public justice, such as highwaymen,
dacoits, thieves, and such like characters; and should I detect any
such persons within my estate, I will promptly apprehend and bring
them to justice. I will duly report to the authorities all that occurs
within my estate.
(Here follows the specification alluded to.)
No. LXIII.
Translation of a Kubooltut executed by Maharajah Maharaj Sarcb of
Sumbulpore, binding himself to the right discharge of Police and Judicial duties,
. dated 22nd February 1827.
Whereas I, Maharajah Maharaj Sahee of Sumbulpore, have been
vested with authority from the Government to administer justice, and
to conduct Police duties within the limits of my estate, and I have
voluntarily accepted the obligation, I do hereby promise that I will,
with all faithfulness and integrity, discharge the ^duties entrusted to
# 174 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
s. w. me. I will conscientiously and impartially decide all civil causes. I
— — ' will hear and properly investigate all suits preferred to me ; and I
will, to the utmost of my ability, give no reason to any one for dissatis-
faction. If the litigating parties desire arbitration, I will permit them
to have recourse to that mode of settling their differences, and I will
direct the Punchayet to decide with conscientiousness and impartiality.
I will promptly investigate all heinous offences, such as dacoity, plun-
der, murder, wounding, burglary, theft, Highway robbery, &c, that
may occur. I will apprehend the offenders, and after duly recording
the depositions, I will passan impartial judgment I will report
all that occurs within my estate to the Authorities. I will submit
regularly, on the 5th of each month, a Statement of Crimes; and I will
never be guilty of concealing any offence. I will not myself oppress,
nor will I suffer my " Amlahs" to oppress any of my ryots, or any
persons residing within my estate. I will not by oppression, confine-
ment, or otherwise, levy the cesses prohibited by Government; and I
will not appropriate unclaimed or intestate property ; it belongs to the
Government. All such property I will take charge of and report to
Government fbr orders. I will be personally responsible in the event
of the terms above agreed to being violated ; and should a breach of
engagement be proved against me, I will render myself liable to any
penalty that may be imposed on me for such offence.
No. LXIV.
Kuboolyut of Rajah Ummer Sing, Zemindar of Sirgooja,
dated 15th June 1820.
Whereas by the explicit Orders of His Excellency the Governor
General in Council, I, Rajah Ummer Sing, have been elevated to the
"Guddee" of the Raj of Sirgooja, I do thereby promise that I will
cordially yield obedience to the British Government, and that I will
never swerve from my allegiance to them. I will pay the revenue
(Malgoozaree) I have stipulated for, without claiming remission on any
plea whatsoever. %
4(
it
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 175
No. LXV. s. w.
FRONTIER.
Nos. LXV.
Pottah given to Rajah Ummeb Sing, of Sirgooja, dated 24th February 1825. and LXVI.
Whereas under sanction of the Government the whole Pergunnah
of Sirgooja, with the Khalsa lands and Tuppahs, have been settled
with Rajah Ummer Sing for five years, from 1232 to 1236 F., at an
annual jumma of Sicca Rupees 3,001, including "Mai," " Sayer,"
Abwab Muhmoolee," or customary dues, "Julkur and Bunkur,"
Tar and Muhoowa" gardens, excepting Lakheraj lands, intestate and
unclaimed property, and such cesses as have been prohibited by
Government, and the said Rajah has agreed to pay in the stipulated
jumma without pleading bad seasons or other calamity ; it becomes the
said Rajah to take measures for the improvement of his estate, to con-
cilate his Zemindars, Jaghirdars, Ryots, and all residing on his estate,
and to pay his revenue (Malgoozary) into the Government Treasury
annually and punctually, according to the instalments agreed upon.
He is not to plead drought or diluvion, or the absconding of his ryots.
He must exert himself with a view to reclaiming waste lands, and
thereby increasing his cultivation. He must not harbour thieves or
highwaymen, and such like. All suspicious characters of this
description he must apprehend and bring to justice. He must obey
and carry out all orders received from the Officers of Government, and
he must invariably and duly report all that occurs in the Pergunnah.
(Here comes specification of instalments.)
•
No. LXVI.
4
Kubooltut of Rajah Ram Sing, Zemindar of Jusbpore, dated 8th June 1819 A. D.
9
Whereas a settlement of the whole of Pergunnah Ju.ihpore and itu
dependency Korea, both included within Pergunnah Sirgooja, has
been made with me by the British Government, on the payment to the
176 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
s. w Government of an annual tribute of Rupees 1,000 local currency,
FRONTIER. -r Th • t -r» n« rr • o r\
Nos lxvii * Na 8P<>re Rupees, or I, Rajah Ram Sing, Zemindar of Fergunnah
and LXVUi! 775 Company's Rupees. Jushpore) do hereby, of my own free will and
accord, promise, in presence of Captain Sinnock, Superintendent of the
Affairs of Sirgooja, that I will not plead any excuse on the score of
calamity, or other cause for non-payment; but according to the
Kistbundee given .below, I will, year by year, and instalment by
instalment, pay the said tribute from the year 1876 Sumbut into the
Treasury of Ranee Bishoon Koonwaree, Zemindar of Sirgooja,
through Lall Hurnath Sing, Tehsildar of the Ranee.
(Here comes specification of instalments.)
No. LXVII.
Kubooltut of Rajah Gueeeb Sing of Korea, dated 24th December 1819.
Whereas a settlement of Pergunnah Korea, which is my estate >
has been concluded with me by Captain Sinnock, Superintendent of the
Affairs of Sirgooja, at an annual jumma of Rupees 400, " Hursunna"
for 1227 F., I freely and of my own accord engage to pay annually
the above sum as Malgoozaree to the British Government, kist by kist, •
according to the subjoined Kistbundee. I will plead no excuse for
non-payment.
(Specification of kists here given.)
No. LXVIII.
Kubooltut of Rajah Umole Sing, Proprietor of Fergunnah Korea,
dated 3rd January 1848.
Whereas, with the sanction of the Government conveyed in their
Secretary's letters No. 27, dated 17th May 1847, and No. 48, dated
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 177
5th July following, I, the Agent to the Governor-General at Ranchee, pgoN-nER
in Chota Nagpore, have concluded with you, Rajah Umole Sing, ^Tlxviii!
Zemindar and proprietor of Pergunnah Korea, a settlement of that Per-
gunnah, containing 350 Mouzahs, " Uslee.and Dakhilee," with a right
to all cultivated and waste land, jungles and hills, jheel and beel, reser-
voir, tanks, wells, "kutcha and pucka," "Julker" (fisheries), Bunker,
and Putker (forest produce), ponds, groves of " Tar, Muhoowa, and
Mango," productive and unproductive, at an annual jumma of, Com-
pany's Rupees 400 for ten years, from 1255 to 1264 F., excepting
Lakheraj, Khyrat, Bishoonpeereet, Aina, Brahmotur, and Shibotur
kinds, Abwabs and Sayer, Gunjeat, Tuhbazaaree, Dan, and other Bazaar
dues, it becomes you to conciliate and render contented all resident,
as well as Pyekasht, Ryots in your villages, together with the Illaqua-
dars of the said Pergunnah, to take proper measures for the improve-
ment of your estate and the collection of the revenue. You should
exert yourself with a view to extend cultivation, and let the fruits of
your exertions become apparent. You should pay into the Govern-
ment Treasury the revenue at which your estate has been assessed,
according to the terms of the settlement, kist by kist, and year by year,
without alleging any plea ; and as is customary, you will obtain an
acquittance at the close of the year. You must not exact from any
one the following cesses prohibited by the Government : Rukham Say-
er, Zukhat, Gunjeat, Tiihbaazaree, and other Abwabs ; and you must
not permit any one to collect or exact these cesses within your estate ;
you must not, without thS sanction of Government, grant any lands
• rent-free. You have no right to the produce of gold, silver, coal or
diamond mines, or to any minerals whatever under ground within
Pergunnah Korea. All these belong to the Government. You must
claim no remission of the revenue fixed by the present settlement on
the plea of drought or diluvion, or absconding of ryots. No such
plea will be admitted. You must guard every corner of your estate,
so that nothing untoward fall out. You must guard the Passes and
permit travellers to have free ingress and egress, without molestation.
You must not harbour within your estate thieves, dacoits, thugs,
kuzzacks, and other bad characters. You must exercise such vigilance
and adopt such measures that no man shall oppress his neighbor, and
178 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
frontTfr ^ a * suc ^ cr * mes a8 ^acoity, highway robbery, thuggee, theft, &c,
NoTlxviii. shall be suppressed. All the profits you acquire by increasing cultiva-
tion within your estates will be your own. You must render unhesi-
tating obedience to the Government, and you must never evince any
inclination to resist their orders. Until the appointment of a British
Officer to the Pergunnah, the Police duties will be conducted by you.
All Police and Foujdarry cases, heinous and petty, that occur within
your estate, you will promptly investigate and decide according to the
method approved by the Authorities, and you will report the result to
them. You will, like all other Zemindars, perform Police duties.
When the time arrives for the appointment of a British Officer, he
will superintend the Police and conduct all cases, Dewannee and Fouj-
darry, and you will even then continue to perform Police duties. You
will be responsible for all crimes committed within your estate, and
you will exercise the same Police powers as the Illaquadars of Jub-
bulpore and Sagur. Your responsibility, too, will be the same as theirs.
You must not conceal any crime or hush up a case, but you must
decide it impartially. You must submit to the Agent, Governor-Gene-
ral, Monthly Criminal Returns and Reports. If you fail in the pay-
ment of the Government revenue, and if it be proved that you are
guilty of neglect of your Police duties, of disobedience of orders, of
the crime of oppression and tyranny over your Ryots, or of taking or
giving bad counsel, the whole Zemindarry of the said Pergunnah will
be resumed by the Government, and you will be debarred from all inter-
ference with it. In the above event, the Orders of Government are
positive ; you should therefore be cautious and vigilant in all respects.
r
N. /?.— The Agreement with the Bhukar Zemindar was drawn up
in the same terms precisely.
* «,
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 179
^O. 1^1 JV. FRONTIER.
"noTlxixT
Translation of the Schhud granted to Rajah Bikdesscrbe Pershad Sing Deo,
Bahadoor, of Oodeypore, by the Commissioner of Chota Nag pore, dated
12th December 1860.
Whereas in* lieu of the loyal services rendered by you, the Per-
gunnah of O&deypore has been bestowed to you by the Government,
with the title of Rajah Bahadoor, and a Sword and Sunnud, with the
Signature and Seal of His Excellency the Viceroy and Governor-
General of India, and whereas the sum of Rupees 533-5-4 is fixed for
the tribute of the said Pergunnah, and the sum of 500 Rupees is paid
out of the collections of the said Pergunnah to Ranee Bunkoonwaree,
widow of the late Nursing Deo, Ex-Rajah of Oodeypore, as a Pension,
and whereas the sum of one Rupee per diem is at present paid by
Government to the families of Dheeraj Sing and Sewraj Sing for
their support, these items are due and obligatory on you to be dis-
charged. It is therefore necessary that you pay into Government
Treasury, annually by three instalments, the sum of Rupees 533-5-4
on account of the tribute of the said Pergunnah, and the amount
of 500 Rupees on account of the Pension of Ranee Bunkoon-
waree, during her life, and for the present a sum of one Rupee per
diem for the maintenance of Dheeraj and- Sewraj Sing's families, and
in future whatever amount may be fixed for their support you will,
without objection, pay into the Government Treasury, and will con-
tinue to enjoy the Pergunnah bestowed on you and the heirs male of
your body ; you will remain firm in your alliance to render all such
services as may be required of you by the British Government.
(Signed) E. T. Dalton,
Commissioner of Chota Nagpore.
Translation of the Agreement tendered by Rajah Bindessubee Pershad
Sing Deo, Bahadoor, of Oodeypire, dated 12th December 1860, corresponding
with the 15th Aghun 1268 Fuslee.
Whereas I, Bindessuree Pershad i nved through
the favor of the Government the th the
180 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
frontier *^ e °^ R a J an Bahadoor, as also a Sword with a Sunnnd under the
No."LXixr autograph of His Excellency the Viceroy and Governor-General of
India ; whereas the annual tribute of the said Pergunnah is fixed
at Rupees 533-5-4, and whereas 500 Rupees are paid out of the collec-
tions of the said Pergunnah as a Pension to Ranee Bunkoonwaree,
relict of the late Nursing Deo, Ex-Rajah of Oodeypore; and
whereas an allowance of one Rupee per diem is paid by Government
to the families of Dheeraj Sing and Sewraj Sing for their main*
tenance, it is a stringent and bounden duty on me to discharge myself
all these items. I do therefore promise and place on record that I will
pay per annum the sum of Rupees 533-5-4 by three instalments on
account of the tribute, and 500 Rupees as a stipendiary grant to Ranee
Bunkoonwaree, during her natural life ; and will further pay for the
present one , Rupee a day towards the maintenance of Dheeraj and
Sewraj Sing's families, and in future I will pay without objection
such amount as the Commissioner of Chota Nagpore shall be pleased
to fix for their support, and will continue myself to enjoy the estate
bestowed on me and the heirs, &c, and evince always my unflinching
zeal and loyalty to the British Government, and be ready to render all
services required of me by the British Government. Wherefore I do
write these few lines by way of Agreement to be used when required.
(Signed) Bindessuree Pershad Sing Deo,
Rajah of Oodeypore.
Translation of an Agreement tendered by Rajah Bibdbkueke Pkisrad
Sing Dko, Bahadoor, of Oodeypore, regarding the Police administration, dated
12th December 1860, corresponding with the 15th Aghun 1268 P. S.
Whereas the Police duties of Pergunnah Oodeypore have been
consigned to me by the Government, and I have of my own free will
and accord taken them- upon myself, I do therefore promise and place
on record that I will discharge the dutiep thereof faithfully and honor-
ably ; and whatever suits may be instituted for debts, &c, I will decide
impartially and honestly, and will listen to all pleas that may be given.
If both parties shall agree to have their dispute decided by arbitration*
I will appoint arbitrators, and instruct them to adjust the quit without
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 181
partiality- In the heinous criminal cases, viz. dacoity, plunder, murder, s. w.
wounding, burglary, theft, and highway robbery, &c, which may be --— — ..—
No. LiX.2L<
perpetrated in my jurisdiction, I will make thorough inquiries, and
apprehend the offenders and impartially investigate the case. I will
send reports of all such cases to the Commissioner. In cases where
sentence of more than two years' imprisonment should seem to me
necessary, I will submit the records, after proper investigation, to the
Commissioner, as is customary in this Commissioner ship. I will
transmit the monthly papers, &c, on the 5th of every succeeding
month, and will not conceal any crime. I will not be guilty of any
oppression or hardship on the inhabitants of the said Pergunnah. I
will also keep up a vigilant watch on my Amlahs, that they may not
oppress the Ryots. I will not impose or confine any one on account of
the prohibited duties. I have no claim on the intestate property, it
all belongs to Government, and whatever such property shall come
into my hands I will report about it to the Commissioner. If I act
contrary to the foregoing stipulations, I shall be held responsible for it,
and if it is proved on me I shall submit to the orders passed for me.
Wherefore I do write these few lines in the shape of an Agreement to
be used when required.
(Signed) Bindkssukke Pkrshad Sing Deo, Bnhadoor,
Rajah of Oudeypure.
No. LXX.
Translation of a Kcboolyut taken from Rajah Ghunsham Sino Dro of Poraliat,
in Singliboom, dated 1st February 1820.
Whereas His Excellency the Most # Noble the Governor-General in
Council has been graciously •pleased to extend to me the protection of
the Honorable Company, and to admit me within the list of Feudal
Tributaries of the British Empire in India, I hereby engage and bind
myself and my posterity to a loyal devotion to the interests of my new
I
182 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNKUDS.
™5'vr™i. D Sovereign, and the most implicit obedience to such orders as I or they
r HON 1 1.LK. * ^
No.Txxl mav > from time to time, receive from a competent Authority. I
further engage, for the purpose of marking my Feudal dependence on
the British Government, to pay an annual tribute of 101 Sicca Rupees to
be given with the year 1226 (1st Bhadon) 1818, and to be paid in the
month of Poos, to the person who may be appointed to receive it by
His Lordship in Council.
Should I or my posterity wilfully fail in the observance of these
stipulations, I hereby declare myself and them liable to such notice of
or punishment for the infringement, as it may appear to the British
Government for the time being to deserve.
Translation of the Pottah given to Rajah Ghunsham Si no Deo of Porahat, in
Singhboom, dated 1st February 1820.
In return for the Engagement which you have executed and deliver-
ed to Captain Ruddell, I am authorized and directed by th» British
Government to assure you of the protection of the Honorable Company,
the efficient benefit of which, in your maintenance in all your existing
rights, privileges, and possessions, you and your posterity will continue
to enjoy, so long as you and they shall faithfully abide by the fetipula-
tions to which you have pledged yourself and them.
No. LXXI.
Agreement of Lurka Coles in 1821.
First — We acknowledge ourselves to be subject to the British
Government, and engage to be loyal and obedient to its authority.
Secondly. — We agree to pay . to our Chief or Zemindar eight
annas for each plough for the five years next ensuing, and afterwards
one Rupee if our circumstances admit of it
Thirdly, — We engage to keep the road through our Pergunnahs
open and safe for all descriptions of travellers, and if robbery take
r to deliver the thief to justice* ami account for the property ^ *•
rtoiem Hg ^ ^^
FawrthBf, — We will allow persons of alt caste* to settle m our
villages sod afford them protection: we will also encourage our
children to learn, the Ooriah or Hindi Tongues*
Lasthf* — If jre should be oppressed by our Chiefe or Zetutndar**,
we will not resort to arms for redress^ but complain to the Officer*
CommmnoSng^ die Troops on our Frontier* or to some other competeut
authority.
m •
CUTTACK TRIBUTARY MEHALS.
Under the Commissioner of Cuttack, as Superintendent, there are
eighteen estates,* known as the Tributary Mehala.
2. keonjimr. Two of these, Angool and Banki, have been
4. Dei^nal annexed by Government for the misconduct of
5. Angool. the Rajahs. The other sixteen are held by
7. Talchir. Tributary Rajahs, who administer Civil and
9. Nu"shigpore. Criminal Justice, conlrolled only by the undefined
}?' B^ cr °b authority of the Superintendent Claims to suc-
12. Knndiaparra. cession to these Mehals are decided according to
u! itimpore. Regulation XL of 1816.
ll' Ba" w! rh ' The m08t powerful Chiefs of the Tributary
17. Bond. Mehals are the Rajahs of Mohurbhunj and Keon-
jhur, both of whom rendered good service during
the Mutinies.
The Engagements with the Chiefs of the Tributary Mehala
(Nog. LXXIL to LXX1X.) sufficiently explain the nature of their
relations with the British Government.
No. LXXIL
Trkatt- Engagement executed by tbe Rajah or Kill ah MoHunannu, a Tri-
butary Mehal subordinate to Cuttack, in the Socbah of Oristfa.
I, Rajah Judoonauth Bhunj, Bahadoor, of Killah Mohurbhunj, of
Cuttack, do enter truly and honestly into this Engagement executed by
me to the Government of the Honorable East India Company as
hereinafter contained, to wit : —
Clause L — I will always maintain myself in submission and loyalty
to the Honorable East India Company's Government,
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 185
Clause II. — I engage for myself and my heirs and successors to pay ( xMmjl K
annually in perpetuity, and without demur or excuse, as peshkus for SJdxis
the said Killah, 1,001 Sicca Rupees, in the following instalments, to the no.lxxii.
said Government. *
Clause ///.—If any resident of the said Soobah of Orissa should flee
and come into my territories, I engage, on demand, to cause him to be
immediately apprehended, and send him on to the authorities (for the
time being).
Clause IV. — If any ryot belonging to my territories should commit
an offence within the ^logulbundi boundaries, then, on demand to that
effect, I engage to cause such offender to be apprehended and sent to
the Authorities for trial. And should I have ground of claim on
any resident of the Mogulbundi, I will refrain from "enforcing such
claim on such person of my own motion, but will notify the cir-
cumstance to the Authorities, and act on such orders I may from him
receive.
Clause V. — I engage that whenever the troops of the Honorable
Company's Government shall pass through my territories, I will direct
the people of my Killah to supply, to the extent of their capability, all
russud and supplies, which shall be sold at fair prices. Further, I will
on no manner of pretext whatever ever stop or detain, or offer any let
or hinderance to, any subject of the Honorable Company's Government,
or to any other person whatever who may be^ proceeding by land or
water with goods or orders, or with any perwannah on the part of
Government through mf boundaries, and will rather take care that no
loss or inconvenience shall befal such parties in life or goods.
Clause VI — In case any neighboring Rajah or any other person
whatever shall offer opposition to the said Government, I engage, on
demand and without demur, to depute a contingent force of nty own
troops with the forces of Government for the purpose of coercion and
the bringing of such recusant into subjection to the aforesaid Govern-
ment. Such contingent to receive only rations (or ration allowances)
agreeably to the previously current practice, so long as they shall be
present.
Clause VII. — Whereas I have a six-anna claim on the Government
on account of the Khoonta Gh&t or Ferry, I now of my own free will
relinquish such claim, and agree and hereby declare that any such
• • A 2
* »
1
186 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
CUTTACK claim made by me, or that shall be made by my heirs and successors
TRIBU- ",i.i
tary % shall be false, and to be rejected.
— The instalments shall be as follows : —
ISO.
Lfxiii. In Cheyt Rupees 335
„ tleyt ••• ••• ••• „ ooo
,, ./xsar ••• • . t ••• ,, *j%j L
Signed by Rajah.
Dated 1829, June 1st
Witnessed by
1. Sadiioo Bhooea. of Mouza Gounteaporc, Mohurbhunj.
2. Ram Jenna, of Totaparra, Killah Mohurbhunj.
(True translation)
Wm. L. Dacet,
Ooriah Translator to Government.
No. LXXIII.
Treaty Engagement executed by the Rajah of Killah Keonjhur, a Tributary
Mehal subordinate to Curtaek, to the Honorable East India Company's Special
Commissioners for the Soobah of Orissa, Messrs. Harcourt and Melville.
I, Rajah Junardun Bhunj, of Killah Keonjhur, in the Soobah of
Orissa, engage faithfully and correctly to abide by this Engagement,
entered into by me with the Honorable East India Company, as con-
tained in the following Clauses, to wit : —
Clause J. — I will continue in constant friendship with the Honorable
East India Company, holding myself in submission and loyalty to
them, and regarding their enemies as my enemies.
Clause II — I will continue to pay, without demur, to the said
Government as my annual peshkus or tribute 12,000 kahuns of Cow-
rees in three instalments, as specified herein below.
Clause III — I will, on demand to that effect, cause any person who
is an inhabitant of the Soobah appertaining to the Honorable Company
» i
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 187
aforesaid, and who may have fled and come into my territory, to be C S?TA9 K
forthwith arrested and delivered over to the Government tary
Clause IV. — Should any person, who is a resident in my territories, jf" ^^jfy.
commit a crime within the limits of the Mogulbundi, I hereby engage,
on demand to that effect, to cause such person to be arrested and
delivered over to the Government Authority. Moreover, I further
bind myself, in cases where I may possess any claim or demand on one
who is an inhabitant of the Mogulbundi, not of my own authority to
enforce such claim, but I will notify the same to the constituted
Authority, and will act in accordance with such orders as may issue
from him.
Clause V. — I will take measures of precaution and care within my
own territories, so as to prevent the passage, within my boundaries, of
any troops x horse or foot, who may be the enemies of the said
Company.
The tribute to be paid in the following instalments, to wit : —
In the month of Cheyt ... ... 4,000 kahuns.
Ditto ditto Jeyt .... ...4,000
Ditto ditto Asar 4,000
Dated 16th December 1804.
1st Ram az an 1211. •
99
99
(True translation)
Wm. L. Dacey,
Ooriah Translator to Government.
No. LXXIV.
Kaool-namah or Counter-Engagement given on behalf of the Government to
Jonardun Bhunj, Rajah of Killah Keonjliur, lGth December (1803), and delivered
to Persadee Doss, Vakeel.
m
We, Lieutenant-Colonel George Harcourt, Commanding the victo^
rious troops of the Honorable East India Company, and Commissioner
of the Soobah of Orissa, and John Melville, Commissioner of the same,
* •
188 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AMD SUNNUDS.
cutt^lCK appointed by the Most Noble the Marquis of Wellesley, Governor-
TARY General, for the settlement and pacification of the said Soobah, do, on
No LXXV behalf °f ^e ^ a8t ladia Company, execute this acknowledgment as set
forth in the following paras., to Rajah Jonardun Bhunj of Killah
Keonjhur, in the said Soobah of Orissa.
Clause I. — We agree that the whole of the lands, whether called
Mogulbundi or by any other name, which .were in the possession and
enjoyment of the said Rajah of Keonjhur, during the time of the
Mahratta Sovereignty, shall belong in perpetuity to the said Rajah of
Keonjhur, and further, we agree that besides the peshkus (or tribute)
hereinafter specified, no demands shall be made or levied from him.
Clause II. — The annual peshkus (or tribute) payable for the
Rajgee of the said Killah, is fixed in perpetuity at 12,000 kahuna of
Cowrees, and no further payment, however trifling, whether as Nuzzur
or supplies, or under whatsoever name, shall be demanded or taken
from the said Rajah.
Clause III. — Any just representation, made by the Rajah of the
said Killah, shall receive, on the part of the Honorable Company's
Government, an answer in accord with the amity subsisting with the
said Rajah.
• (Signed) G. Harcourt, Lieut- Colonel.
„ J. Melville.
(A true translation)
Wm. L. Dacey,
Ooriah Translator to Government.
No. LXXV.
Treaty Engagement executed by the Rajah or Killah Nursingpore, a Tributary
Mchal subordinate to Cuttock, to the Honorable East India Company's Special
Commissioners for the Soobah of Orissa, Messrs. Harcourt and Melville.
T, Man Sing Hureechundun, Rajah of Killah Nursingpore, in the
Soobah of Orissa, engage faithfully and correctly to abide by this
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD& 189
Engagement, entered into by me with the Honorable East India ^ruhjL*
Company, as contained in the following Clauses, to wit : — mehals
Clause I — I will always hold myself in submission and loyal n^TLxxv.
obedience to the Honorable East India Company aforesaid.
Clause II. — I will continue to pay, without demur, to the sai<J
Government, as my annual peshkus or tribute, 6,601 kahuns of Cow-
rees, in three instalments, as specified herein below.
Clause III. — I will, on demand to that effect, cause any person who
is an inhabitant of the Soobah appertaining to the Honorable Company
aforesaid, and who may have fled and come into my territory, to be
forthwith arrested and delivered over to the Government.
Clause IV. — Should any person, who is a resident in my territories,
commit a crime within the limits of the Mogulbundi, I hereby engage,
on demand to that effect, to cause such person to be arrested and
delivered over to the Government Authority. Moreover, I further
bind myself, in cases where I may possess any claim or demand on one
who is an inhabitant of the Mogulbundi, not of my own authority to
enforce such claim ; but I will notify the same to the constituted
authority, and will act in accordance with such orders as may issue
from him.
Clause V — I engage that whenever the troops, of the Honorable
Company's Government shall pass through my territories, I will direct
the people of my Killah to supply, to the extent of their capability, all
russud and supplies, which shall be sold at fair prices. Further, I will,
on no manner of pretext whatever, ever stop or detain, or offer any let or
hinderance to, any subject of the Honorable Company's Government, or
to any other person whatsoever, who may be proceeding by land or
water, with goods, or orders, or with any perwannah on the part of
Government, through my boundaries, and will rather take care that no
loss or inconvenience shall befal such parties in life or goods.
Clause VI. — In case any neighboring Rajah or any other person
whatever shall offer opposition to the said Government, I engage, on
demand and without demur, to depute a contingent force of my own
troops with the forces of Government for the purpose of coercion and
investigation, and the bringing of such recusant into subjection to the
* aforesaid Government. Such contingent to receive only rations (or
» •
190 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
CUTTACK ration allowances) agreeably to the previously current practice, so long
tary as they shall be present.
n~~lxxv~ These shall be the instalments of my peshkus, to be paid : —
In the month of Cheyt 2,200 kahuns.
Ditto Jeyt 2,200 „
Ditto Asar 2,201 „
Dated the 24M November 1803.
Saban 8M, 1211 Umlee.
N. B. — The Rajahs of the following Killahs or Tributary States,
subordinate to' Cuttack, are bound by precisely similar Treaty Engage-
ments taken at the same time. Their names and amount of tribute
are added below : but the amount of tribute has in some cases been
subsequently altered : —
1. Killah Autgur — Rajah Sreekurn Gopenath Buburta Putnaick.
Tribute, 28,111 kahuns.
2? Killah Baramba — Rajah Pindik Mungraj.
Tribute, 6,340 kahuns.
3. Killah Talchere — Rajah Bhagcruthee Beerbur Hurreechundun.
Tribute, 6,715 kahuns.
4. Killah Tigereah — Rajah Chumput Sing.
Tribute, 4,000 kahuns.
5. Killah Hindole — Rajah Kissen Chunder Murdraj Jugdeo.
Tribute, 2,500 kahuns.
6. Killah Khandeaparra — Rajah Bhoerbur Ray.
Tribute, 24,100 kahuns.
7. Killah Dhenkanal — Rajah Ramchunder Mohendro Bahadoor.
Tribute, 23,125 kahuns.'
8. Killah Runporc — Rajah Bujradhur Xurindra.
Tribute, 6,000 kahuns.
9. Killah Nyagur — Rajah Mandhata. •
Tribute, 26,450 kahuns.
• 10. Killah Neelgiri — Rajah Ramchunder Murdraj Hurrechundun.
Tribute, 23,^00 kahuns.
V *■
• V
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND STJNNUDS. 191
No. LXXVI. ^mru*
TARY
MEHALS.
Kaool-namah executed to Rajah Man Sing Hurbeechundun, Rnjah of Nursing- — zr
pore, by the Honorable East India Company's Commissioners for the Soobah LXXVI.
of Cuttack.
We, Lieutenant-Colonel George Harcourt, commanding the victori-
ous troops of the Honorable East India Company, and Commissioner of
the Soobah of Orissa, and John Melville, Commissioner of the same,
appointed by the Most Noble the Marquis of Wellesley, Governor-
General, for the settlement and pacification of the said Soobah, do, on
behalf of the East India Company, execute this acknowledgment as
set forth in the following paras,, to Rajah Man Sing Hurreechundun,
Rajah of Killah Nursingpore, in the said Soobah of Orissa.
Clause I. — The annual peshkus* payable by the Rajah for his
Rajgee of the said Killah, is fixed in perpetuity at 6,601 kahuns.
Clause II. — No further demand, however small, shall be made on
the said Rajah or received from him, as Nuzzur supplies, or otherwise.
Clause III. — The Government of the Honorable East India
Company, it is well known, is ever gracious to those Rajahs who are
always loyal and obedient to them, and constant in the impartial
administration of justice to all its subjects alike, and therefore in
like manner extends the same impartiality to the Rajahs, such as have
been indicated above, and seeks always their prosperity and peace.
Therefore any just representation or complaints made to the Govern-
ment by the said Rajah of Nursingpore, will meet with a decision in
accord with justice.
Dated 22nd November 1803.
Sabun 6lh, 1211.
(Signed) G. Harcourt, Lieut- ColonelA _ . .
• v ° ' _ __ > Commissioners.
„ J. Melville, )
Similar acknowledgments were given to the following Rajahs and
Zemindars : — * *
1. Rajah of Killah Kanika.
2. Ditto of ditto Koojung.
3. Ditto of ditto Khorda.
4. Ditto of ditto Tigheroa. #
• .
192
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
CUTTACK
TRIBU-
TARY
MEHALS.
No!
LXXVII.
5.
Rajah of Killah Aul.
6.
Ditto of
ditto
Dhenkanal.
7.
Ditto of
ditto
Run pore.
8.
Ditto of
ditto
Barumba.
9.
Ditto of
ditto
Khandparra.
10.
Ditto of
ditto
Nyagur.
11.
Ditto of
ditto
Bankee.
12.
Ditto of
ditto
Talchere.
13.
Ditto of
ditto
Jourmoo.
14.
Ditto of
ditto
Atgur.
15.
Ditto of
ditto
Harispore.
16.
Ditto of
ditto
Bishenpore.
17.
Ditto of
ditto
Murickpore.
18.
Ditto of
jlitto
Neelgiri.
19.
Ditto of
ditto
Puttea.
20.
Ditto of
ditto
Hindole.
21.
Ditto of
ditto
Ungool.
22.
Ditto of
ditto
Sookinda.
(A true translation)
Wm. L. Dacet,
Ooriah Translator to Government.
No. LXXVII.
Treaty Engagement executed by Gouree Churn Bhunj, Rajah of Killah Dus-
pullah, a Hill State tributary to Cuttack, to the Honorable Company's Special
Commissioners for the Soobah of Orissa, Messrs. Harcoubt and Melville?
I, Rajah Gouree Churn Bhunj of Killah Duspullah, in the Soobah of
Orissa, do hereby engage faithfully "and correctly to abide by this
Engagement entered into by me with the Honorable East India Com-
pany, and contained in the following Clauses, to wit : —
Clause I. — I will always hold myself in submission and loyal
obedience to the Honorable East India Company aforesaid.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 193
Clause II — I hereby engage to preserve in safe keeping the " Ghat- C t^u> K
tee" or Pass called Burmool, and if at any time troops, horse or foot, M pu?7a
without the orders of the said Company's Government, endeavor to — ^ —
cross the said Pass, I engage to prevent them so doing. In case any L^v 11 *
larger body of troops should endeavor to force the Pass, I will forward
immediate intimation of the circumstance to the constituted authorities,
and meanwhile*, till such time as the Government troops shall arrive on
the spot, I will- oppose the forcing of the Pass with my own forces.
Clause III — I will, on demand to that effect, cause any person who
is an inhabitant of the Soobah appertaining to the Honorable Company
aforesaid, and who may have fled and come into my 'territory,- to be
forthwith arrested and delivered over to the Government.
Clause IV, — Should any person who is a resident in my territories
commit a crime within the limits of the Mogulbundi, I hereby engage,
on demand to that effect, to cause such person to be arrested and deli-
vered over to the Government Authorities. Moreover, I further bind
. myself, in cases where I may possess any claim or demand on one
who is an inhabitant of the Mogulbundi, not of my own authority to
enforce such claim, but I will notify the same to the constituted
authority, and will act in accordance with such orders as may issue
from him.
Clause V. — I engage that whenever the troops of the Honorable
Company's Government shall pass through my territories, I will direct
the people of my Killah to supply to the extent of their capability all
" russud" and supplies, which shall be sold at fair prices. Further, I
will on no manner of pretext whatever ever stop or detain, or offer any
let or hinderance to, any subject of the Honorable Company's Govern-
ment or to any other person* whatsoever, who may be proceeding by #
land or water, with goods or orders, or with any Perwannah on the part
of Government, through my boundaries, and will rather take care that
no loss or inconvenience shall befal such parties in life or goods.
Clause VI — In case any neighboring Rajah, or any other person
whatever, shall offer opposition to the saifl Government, I engage, on
demand and without demur, tg depute a contingent force of my own
troops with the forces of Government for the purposes of coercion and
investigation, and the bringing of such recusant into subjection to the
aforesaid Government, such contingent to receive only rati6ns (or
B 2
•
• •
19* TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD&
C tmbu^ rat * on allowance) agreeably to the previously current practice, so long
MEHALS ^ ^ e y 8 ^ ft ^ ^ e P resent *
No. (True translation)
Wm. L. Dacey,
Ooriah Translator 'to Government
Kaool-namap or Counter-engagement given on behalf of the Government to Rajah
Gouree Churn Bhunj of. Killah Duspulla, by the Honorable East India Com-
pany's Commissioners for the Soobah of Cuttack.
We/ Lieutenant-Colonel George Harcourt, commanding the victo-
rious troops of the Honorable East India Company, and Commissioner
of the Soobah of Orissa, and John Melville, Commissioner of the same,
appointed by the Most Noble the Marquis of Wellesley, Governor-
General, for the settlement and pacification of the said Soobah, do, on
behalf of the East India Company, execute this Engagement, as set
forth in the following" paras., to Rajah Gouree Churn Bhunj, Rajah of
Killah Duspulla, in the said Soobah of Orissa.
Clause I. — So long as he shall remain obedient and loyal to the
Government of the East India Company, no peshcus, or tribute, or
payment, or nuzzur, or other demand shall be made on the said Rajah,
or taken from him for the Rajgee of the said Rajah's Killah.
Clause II. — The Government of the Honorable East India Company,
it is well known, is ever gracious to those" Rajahs who are always loyal
and obedient to them, and constant in the impartial administration of
justice to all its subjects alike, and therefore in like manner extends the
same impartiality to the Rajahs, such as have been indicated above,
and seeks always their prosperity and peace — therefore any just
representation or complaints made to the Government by the said
Rajah of Duspulla will meet with a decision in accord with justice.
(Signed) G. Harcourt, Lieut-Colonel,)
T , r > Commissioners.
„ J. Melville, ^ )
(No date attached to copy.)
(A true translation)
Wm. L. Dacey,
. Ooriah Translator to Government.
» %
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND StJNNUDS. 195
No. LXXVIIL CUTTACK
TRIBU-
TARY
MEHALa
Treaty Engagement executed by the Rajah of Bo ad and Autmullick, a Tributary g~
Mehal subordinate to Cuttack, to the Honorable East India Company's Special LXXVIIL
Commissioners, Messrs. Harcourt and Melville.
•
I, Rajah Bissumbur Deo, Rajah of Boad and Autmullick, in the
Soobah of Orissa, engage faithfully and correctly to abide by this
Engagement entered into by me with the Honorable East Indiaf
Company, as contained in the following Clauses, to wit : —
Clause I — I will always hofd myself in submission and loyal
obedience to the Honorable East India Company aforesaid.
Clause II. — I will, on demand to that effect, cause any person who
is an inhabitant of the Soobah appertaining to the Honorable Company
aforesaid, and who may have fled and come into my territory, to
be forthwith arrested and delivered over to the Government.
Clause III. — I engage that whenever the troops of the Honorable
Company's Government shall pass through my territories, I will direct
the people of my Killah to supply, to the extent of their capability, all
russud and supplies, which shall be sold at fair prices. Further, I
will, on no manner of pretext whatever, ever stop or detain, or offer
any let or hinderance to, any subject of the Honorable Company's
Government, who may be proceeding by land or water through my
boundaries, and will rather take care that no loss or inconvenience
shall befal such parties inJife or goods.
Clause IV. — In case any neighboring party whatever shall offer
opposition to the said Government, I engage, on demand and without
demur, to depute a contingent force of my own troops with the forces
of Government for the purpose of coercion of such rebel recusant.
Such contingent to receive only rations (or ration allowance) agree-
ably to the previously current practice, so long as they shall be
present.
March 3, 1804.
(True translation)
Wm. L. Dacey,
Ooriah Translator to Government
• •
196 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUKNUDS.
C TRiBl^- K Coukter-engagement executed on«behalf of Govebment to Rajah Bissumbu* Deo,
TARY Rajah of Killali Boad and Autinullick.
MEHALS.
N^
lxxviii. *\Ve, Lieutenant-Colonel George Harcourt, commanding the victo-
rious troops of the Honorable East India Company, and Commissioner
of the Soobah of Orissa, and John Melville, Commissioner of the same,
appointed by the Most Noble the Marquis of Wellesley, Governor-
General, for the settlement and pacification of the said Soobah, do, on
behalf of the East India Company, execute this Engagement, as set
forth in the following para., to Rajah Bissumbur Deo, of Killah Boad
and Autmullick, in the said Soobah of Orissa : —
Clause I. — It is well known that those Rajahs who hold themselves
in subordination and friendship with the said Government, are ever
treated with gracious consideration by that Government ; those wKo
are its friends, are treated as friends. If, therefore, you should prove
yourself a friend and a well-wisher of that Government, it will never
fail to act towards you in a like friendly manner. You will without
care or disquiet continue to enjoy your Rajgee, and to maintain a
friendly spirit in subordination and obedience to this Government.
(Signed) G. Harcourt, Lieut- Colonel,)
T tvc t Commissioners.
„ J. Melville, . )
Dated 3rd March 1804.
Sth Zekudda 1211.
(True translation)
Wm. L. Dacey,
Ooriah Translator to Government
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 197
NO. LXXIX. CtTTTACK
TRIBU-
TARY
Recognizance or Engagement taken from the Chief Officers of the Rajah of Killah 1
No.
Nursingpore, a Tributary Estate, subordinate to Cuttack, to secure the prevention LXXIX.
of the practice of " Suttee." Executed by Balkroostno Pdtnaik Babueta, or
Chief Minister of the Rajah, Gitngadue Chamookarun Putnaik, Neel Baharee
Mahantee, Pusbuthee Putnaik, and Lokenath Putnaik, Officers of the Rajah's
household.
We, the Baburta and others, Officers of the Rajah of Killah
Nursingpore, hereby bind ourselves as follows : —
It having been stated, in accordance with the commands of the
Home Government and the Governor-General, in Clause 2 of the
Rules of Practice issued by the Superintendent of the Tributary
Mehals, that the practice of " Suttee," or the burning of living Hindoo
females, is altogether prohibited : We therefore and accordingly have
forbidden this practice within the limits of this Killah of Nursingpore,
and we do bind ourselves never voluntarily, or under compulsion,
to lend our aid to the performance of any such rite, so prohibited
by the Superintendent of the Tributary Mehals, or to allow others
to do so.
Further, if on the demise of a Rajah, any of his Ranees should
actually desire to become " Suttees," and should disregard our prohibi-
tion, we will restrain them from becoming " Suttees," and make a
report of the circumstance to the Superintendent, and conform to such
orders as .we may receive from him. Without the Superintendent's
orders (or permission) we will not allew any person to become a
Suttee. And we engage unhesitatingly to submit ourselves to any
penal orders which the Superintendent of the Tributary Mehals may
issue, if we shall act in any way contrary to the engagements of this
Recognizance.
Dated tth day of the month of Bj/sqck 4 J249, corresponding to the
Uth of April A. D. 1842.
Signed by Balkroostno Putnaik amx others.
<* *
198
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
CUTTACK
TRIBU-
TARY
MEHALS.
No.
LXXIX.
N. B. — Engagements, precisely similar in purport and wording,
were executed at the same time by the Officers of the following
Tributary Mehals, Rajahs, and Zemindars, namely : —
1. Of Nyagurh.
2. „ Baramba.
3. „ Hindole.
4. „ Runpore.
5. „ Ungool.
6. „ Duspulla Joremoo.
7. „ Autjrur.
8. .Of Tigherea.
9.
10/
11.
12..
13.
14.
Boad.
Talcherg.
Dhenkanal.
Nilgiri.
Mohurbhunj.
Keonjhur.
And of the Zemindar of Autmullick, and of the Surburakar of Pal
Lahara.
(True translation)
Wm. L. Dacey,
Ooriah Translator to Government
PART II.
TREATIES AND ENGAGEMENTS WITH BURMAH.
■%yW\Z\^V/Vy v
From a Report by Colonel Phayre.
It is believed that no real Treaty existed between the British
Government in India and the King of Burmah, until that of Yandaboo,
which was concluded on the 24th February 1826. At the period
when tjfLe British in India represented a trading body and not a Sove-
reign power, Deputations were occasionally sent from the Governors
of the Settlements both in Bengal and Madras to establish trade with
the Burmese territory. Factories were erected at Syrian, near
Rangoon, and at Negrais.
In 1757 a Treaty k said to have been made with the Burmese
Government. The Chief of the English Factory at Negrais deputed
Ensign Lester to the Capital of Burmah. He had an interview with
King Alompra, the founder of the existing Dynasty, by whom the
Island of Negrais, and some ground near the Town of Bassein, were
granted to the East India Company. It is not known that any copy
of this so-called Treaty is now in existence. Afterwards the English
at Negrais were treacherously killed ; but a second grant of land, for
the erection of a Factory at Bassein, was subsequently made by the
•p
Burmese Government.
The first- direct political* intercourse between the British and
Burmese Governments appears to have been when Captain Michael
Symes was deputed by the Governor-General as Envoy to the Court
of Aya in 1795, for the purpose of strengthening the Political and
200 • TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. •
burmah. Commercial relations of the British Government with the Court of
Ava, and of preventing the French from gaining a footing in Burmah.
Captain Symes obtained a Royal Order (Xo. LXXX), whereby
permission was given for a British Agent or Superintendent to reside
at Rangoon, to protect the interests of British subjects, and arrange-
ments were made for the protection of trade.
In virtue of that arrangement Captain Cox was appointed Superin-
tendent; and he landed at Rangoon in October 1796. "He proceeded
to the Capital to deliver certain presents to the King, which had
been formerly promised by Captain Symes. He was, however, treated
with much contumely. Eventually he returned to Rangoon and left
for Bengal at the latter end of 1797.
About this time there began some disputes on the border between
Arakan and Chittagong. The Burmese had* conquered Arakan in
1782. The Arakancse rebelled, and about the year 1797 numbers of
them began to take?, refuge* in the Chittagong district. The Burmese
Governor of Arakan wrote during 1798, and demanded in an insolent
manner that the fugitives should be given up. The Governor-
General, Marquis Wellesley, then determined to send another
Embassy to the Court of Ava. Captain, now Colonel, Symes was
again selected. He proceeded to, the Capital. Thore he obtained
merely a verbal assurance that no further demand would be made •
for the Arakancse fugitives. The King would make no apology
for the style in which the demand had been made, nor enter into
any new Engagement. Colonel Symes returned to Rangoon*, where
he was not treated with ordinary civility by the Governor, and he
left for Bengal in January 1803.
After this Captain Canning was deputed to Rangoon, apparently as
the representative of Colonel Symes, to endeavor to obtain some
apology from the Burmese Court for their past insolence, and to ascer-
tain if the French were establishing any interest in Burmah. Captain
Canning, in consequence of the overbearing conduct of the local
Authorities at Rangoon, was, before long, obliged to leave the
' countrv. v
In the year 1809 Captain Canning was again deputed to Rangoon
as Agent to the Governor-General. The object appears to have been
to enter into explanations regarding the blockade of the Isle of France,
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. - 201
which interfered with the trade of Rangoon to that Island. Captain buhmah.
Canning proceeded to the Capital, and was well received. Having
accomplished the object in view, Captain Canning returned to
Bengal.
In the year 1811 the Arakanese having once more rebelled, and
many of them having fled to the district of Chittagong, disputes again*
occurred on that Frontier. An Arakanese Chief collected a body
of his countrymen in the hilly parts of the Chittagong district,
and marched into Arakan to attack the Burmese. Captain Canning
was deputed to the Court of Ava to explain that this movement was
neither instigated nor supported by the British Government, and
also to complain of outrages to British subjects perpetrated with
the sanction of the Burmese Authorities in Arakan. In the
meantime the Burmese Troops in Arakan had followed the Arakanese
rebels into British territory, and orders were sent down from the
Burmese Court to the Governor of Rangoon to make Captain Canning
prisoner, and retain him as a hostage for the delivery of the Arakanese
rebels. Captain Canning was fortunately safe from violence by being
on » board a ship-of-war, with an armed ship in company. He left
Rangoon in August 1811.
Subsequently to that year the Burmese Officers in Arakan more
than once made demands for the surrender of Arakanese refugees, and
even made pretensions to the Sovereignty of Bengal, as far as the City
of Moorshedabad, as territory pertaining to the Kingdom of Arakan.
In 1819 they interfered i* Assam, and in 1824 they invaded Cachar.
In the meantime, on the Arakan side, the Burmese had been
encroaching; they had arrested the elephant hunters employed by the
British Government, and finally they claimed the Island of Shapooree,
situated at the mouth of the River Naaf. On the night of 24th
September 1823 a strong Burinan Force occupied the island, killing
a few sepoys of the Provincial Battalion stationed there. The Gover-
nor of Arakan also intimated that the island was theirs, and they
intended to keep it. The Governor-General addressed the King of
Ava, demanding the dismissal of the Governor of Arakaa No reply
was received for some months. The answer which eventually came was
probably written in the name of the Hlwotdau or Royal Council, and
merely stated that the Governors on the Frontier had full powers to act.
* ,c 2
202 • TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
burmah. Thus on every point where the British territory, or the territories
of those under British protection, touched the Burmese dominions,
aggression and insult had been committed by Burmese Officers, while
applications for redress were treated by the Burmese Government
either with silent contempt, or with additional insult. War was
therefore declared by the Governor-General against Burmah on 5th
March 1824. On the 11th May of that yea* a Force under Sir
Archibald Campbell took possession x>f Rangoon, and after two cam-
paigns Peace was concluded at Yandaboo, about 40 miles distant from
the Capital, on the 24th February 1826.
By that Treaty (No. LXXXI.) Arakan and the Tenasserim Pro-
vinces were ceded to the British ; each Government might place a
Resident at the Court of the other; and a Commercial Treaty was
afterwards to be negotiated.
To effect the Commercial Treaty, Mr. John Crawford proceeded to
Amarapoora. On the 23rd November 1826 he signed a Treaty
(No. LXXXII.) of four Articles.
Under the Treaty of Yandaboo Colonel H7 Burney was appointed
Resident at the Court of Ava. He arrived there in April 1830. He
remained at the Burmese Court until June 1837, when he proceeded to
Rangoon, and eventually returned to Bengal. The immediate cause of
his leaving was, that a revolution occurred, in which the reigning King
was deposed, and his brother, the Prince of Tharawaddy, ascended the
throne. In 1834 an Agreement (No. LXXXIII.) was made for the
restoration to Burmah of the Kubo Valley, *which had been* annexed
to Munnipore.
In 1838 Colonel Benson was deputed to the Court of Burmah to
re-establish the friendly relations which had been interrupted. He
reached the Capital in October 1838. In consequence of the insulting
conduct of the Burmese Court, the Resident left Amarapoora in 1839.
Frojn that time there was no direct official communication between the
Governor-General of India and the King of Burmah for several years.
In July 1851 Lieutenant-Colonel Bogle, Commissioner of the Tenas-
serim Provinces, forwarded to the Supreme Government a Petition
from the Master of a British ship, complaining of gross oppression which
he had suffered from the Governor of Rangoon. In November of that
year Commodore Lambert was deputed to Rangoon with a letter
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 203
addressed to the King, in order to obtain redress. But all reparation burmah.
for the injuries to British subjects was refused. The Governor-
General therefore sent a Force to Rangoon, under the command of
Major-General Godwin. Rangoon fell to the combined Naval and
Military Force on the 14th April 1852. From that time, until 27th
January 1853, no communication from the Burmese Government
reached the liritish Commanders. When the combined Forces had
reached Meeatfay, about 250 miles by the river above Rangoon, a
Burmese Officer arrived with a letter, announcing that a new King
reigned in Amarapoora, and expressing his desire for Peace. Early in
April the Burmese Woongyee duly empowered reached Prome, but as .
he refused to sign a Treaty acknowledging the Province of Pegu to be
British territory, the negotiations were broken off. On both sides,
however, it was understood that hostilities were to cease.
In the latter end of the year 1854 the Burmese Government deputed
two Envoys of high rank, and some subordinate Officers, to convey a
complimentary letter and presents from the King to the Most Noble
the Marquis of Dalhousie. They were received in Calcutta with dis-
tinction, and returned to Burmah at the beginning of the year 1855.
The Government 'of India sent a return Embassy to the Burmese
Court in the rainy season of 1855. The Envoy, Major Phayre,
was received by the King and Court in the most friendly manner.
The King, however, manifested an insuperable aversion to signing any
Treaty giving up the Province of Pegu. Since then the intercourse
with the" Burmese Court, now held at the new Capital of Mandalay,
has been very friendly.
The population of the territories now subject to the King of
Burmah, including the tributary Shan States, probably does not exceed
three and a half millions of souls. The area of the whole country is
about 192,000 square miles. The present King derives his income
principally from monopolies of merchandise, and takes as little as pos-
sible in the shape of direct taxation. The revenue of the country, collect-
ed in silver, probably is about £800,000 a year. In the shape of produce *
and labor it is probable that one-fourth of that sum may be added.
There is only one Independent Native State bordering on Pegu, with
which the British Government has any political relations. There are
numerous Shan States far to the north-east. But they generally owe
fealty to the Burmese Monarch. * «
204 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
burmah. On the North-East Frontier of Pegu, and bordering on the Salween
River, is a tribe who call themselves Kaya, and are known to the
Burmese by the name of Karennee or Red Karen. These people firat
became known to the British Government in the year 1836, when the
Commissioner of the Tenasserim Provinces deputed Doctor Richardson
to proceed to them and make arrangements for opening trade. The whole
race appeared then to be under the dominion of one Chief. He was
an Independent Sovereign. Within the last eight years the tribes
have become separated into two great divisions, denominated Eastern
and Western Karennee. Each of these divisions is more or less
• subject to two principal Chiefs. But the authority of these over
the subordinate Chiefs is very uncertain. The Chief of Eastern
Karennee, a few years ago, swore allegiance to the King of Burmah,
and that portion of the country has since been considered as subject
to that Monarch.
The Chief of Western Karennee is of great age, not less than ninety
vears. This Chief, and those under him, have from the first shown
anxious desire for British protection. In 1855, an Agent, on the part
of the British Government, was placed at his chief town, in order to
observe and report events in the neighboring States, and to use his
influence to check the wars and forays carried on to make captives
to be sold into slavery. In January 1857 the Deputy Commissioner
of Toungoo, Mr. E. O'Riley, proceeded to Karennee, on which occa.
sion he made a contract of friendship with the ancient Chieftain. This
consisted in the slaughter of a bullock, the Hesh of which was eaten
at a general feast, and one of the horns kept by each of the contract-
ing persons as a pledge of sincerity. Since that period this Chief has
considered himself as being under the protection of the British Govern-
ment, and though no promise of protection has been made to him,
yet the known fact of the public acknowledgment of friendship, and
the presence of the Agent at his town, has served to keep him
from serious attack.
The country of the Red Karens is v mountau>ous. It contains an
area of about 7,200* square miles. The Eastern Karennee States,
reaching to the Salween River, have a population of about 180,000
souls ; the Western States about 36,000.
• Thi* is tb(\ area yi veil by Mr. O'Riley, but it appear* to be excessive.
I
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 205
No. LXXX. burmah.
No. LXXX.
CAPTAIN SYMES' COMMERCIAL ARRANGEMENT with the
KING or AVA, 1795 and 1796.
Translation of the Royal Mandate, accompanying the letter to the Governor-
General, dated September 1795.
To all Killadars and Governors of Ports, in like virtue to the
Maywoon of Henzawuddy.
The source of greatness and dignity celestial, whose threshold is as
the firmament, and whose suppliants, when he places the Golden Foot
of Majesty on their fortunate heads, like the blooming water-lilly, are
inspired with confidence unbounded, such are the ministers of exalted
rank, the guardians of the Empire, from among whom the high and
transcendent Minister proclaims these Orders : —
Governor of Henzawuddy, whose title is Meen La Noo Retha ;
Governor of the Waters, whose title is Yaaoon or Rawoon ; Collector
of the King's Revenues, whose title is Ackawoon ; Collector of Cus-
toms, whose title is Ackoon ; Commander of the Troops, whose title is
Chekaw.
1. Whereas English merchants resort to the port of Rangoon, to
carry on trade, in friendship, good faith, and confidence in the Royal
protectipn, therefore when merchants come to the port of Rangoon,
duties for godown, rabeat (searchers or appraisers) and other charges,
all these shall be regulated according to the former established rates,
and no more, on any pretence, shall be taken.
2. All English merchants, who have paid the Port Duties, shall be
allowed to go to whatever part of the country they think fit, having
obtained a certificate and order from the Maywoon, or Governor of
the Province, and whatever goods English merchants wish to purchase
in return, they shall not be impeded or molested, or prevented in their
barter, bargain, or purchase ; *and if it should be judged expedient to
establish any person, on the part of the English Company, at Rangoon,
for the purpose of trade, and to forward letters or presents to the King,
to such person a right of residency is granted.
206 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
3URMAH. 3^ jf an y English merchant is aggrieved, or thinks he suffers
oppression, he may complain either to the Governor of the Province,
by petition to the Throne, or prefer his complaint in person ; and as
Englishmen are, for^ the most part, unacquainted with the Burman
tongue, they may employ whatever interpreters they think fit,
previously acquainting the King's interpreters what person they mean
to employ.
4. English ships driven into any Birman port by stress of weather,
and in want of repairs, on due notice of their distress being given to
the Officers of Government, such vessels shall be expeditiously
supplied with workmen, timber, iron, and every requisite, and the
work shall be done, and the supplies granted, at the current rates of
the country.
5. As the English have long had commercial connexions with this
Nation, and are desirous of extending them, they are to be allowed to
come and depart at their pleasure, without hinderance ; and seeing that
the illustrious Governor-General of Calcutta, in Bengal, on the part of
the King of England, has sent tokens of friendship to the Golden
Feet, these orders # are therefore issued for the benefit, ease, and
protection of the English people.
The original in Birman, authenticated by the great SeaL
(A true translation) *
(Signed) Michael Symes,
Agent at the Court of Ava.
Account of Duties paid by ships on anchoring at Rangoon, agreeable
to former Regulations, as follows : —
Government Duties.
A piece of flowered cloth.
A piece of madrepauk.
One handkerchief to tie up the aforesaid articles.
To the person who carries the aforesaid pieces of cloth, eighteen
cubits of common cloth, a red cotton handkerchief, and two and a half
takals in money.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
207
When a ship arrives, the following Duties are usually paid to the burmah.
Members of the Provincial Government : —
Maywoon
Bawoon
Ackoon
••• ••• • • • ••• •••
•• ••• •••
« « • • • •
• •• 1« • ••• ••»
• •• ••• • ' •
• •• ••• •••
• • • • •
• • • • • •
Flowered cloth, one piece.
Madrepauk, two do.
Flowered cloth, one do.
Madrepauk, two do.
Flowered cloth, one do.
Madrepauk^ two do.
Shawbunder, or Ackawoon ... Flowered cloth, one da
Madrepauk, x two do.
Deputy to the Shawbunder ... Flowered cloth, one do.
Madrepauk, two do.
Flowered cloth, one do.
Madrepauk, two do.
Flowered cloth, one do.
Madrepauk, two do.
Flowered cloth, one do.
Madrepauk, two do.
Flowered cloth, one do.
Madrepauk, two do.
Flowered cloth, one do.
» Madrepauk, two do.
When a ship leaves the port, it is customary to make presents to
the Members of the Provincial Government, as follows : — two pieces
of silee to each of the bdfore-mentioned Members of Government, that
is, twenty-four in all.
It being customary for ships, on their arrival and departure, to give
as perquisites to the Members of Government, cloth flowered, figured,
and plain, and madrepauk or silee, such articles varying in their
price, being sometimeg dear and sometimes cheap, the amount there-
fore being liable to vary, it is established that a ship, in lieu of such
presents, shall pay altogether, for entrance and departure, five viss of
fine Silver, called Rowna.
Each ship shall pay for the Linguists eighty takals.
For the Chowkeydars, who are stationed at the ghaut, or sent on
board the ship, thirty-five takals.
Chokey
1st Nakhaun
2nd Nakhaun
1st Siredogee
2nd Siredogee
... ... ...
208 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
burmah. For Peons, who carry intelligence, five takals.
No. lxxx. j> or t j ie p er80n w h accompanies the ship down to the Chokey, ten
takals.
Writers and Chokeydars of the godowns, ten takals.
Gate Porter of the Fort, ten takals.
The Chokey called Denouckand, the Chokey where lights are kept,
for both, ten takals.
To the Writer, for a pass to clear the Chokeys on departure, five
takals.
The Accountant of Government, fifteen takals.
Pilotage. — A ship of three masts, two hundred takals ; a vessel of
two masts, one hundred and fifty takals ; a vessel^ of oiie mast, one
hundred takals.
Anchorage. — A ship of three masts, thirty takals ; a vessel of two
masts, twenty takals ; a vessel of one mast, ten takals*
It is the custom on all goods that are imported to take one out of
ten, or ten out of an hundred, King's Duty ; likewise the owner of the
ship gives five pieces out of the first bale which he brings on shore,
and each person who comes in the ship as a Merchant, and not
belonging to the ship, shall give one piece.
To the Appraisers and Examiners one and a half out of each
hundred. ^
The Stamper of Cloth, if he stamps three hundred and sixty pieces,
he is entitled to one piece.*
The Writer or Accountant, who attends en board for registering
five hundred pieces, he is to receive one piece.
When a ship is about to depart, an Officer of Government goes on
board to examine and despatch her : such Officer shall receive seven
viss of sugar, and one hundred and forty China plates.
Ships resorting from every quarter to the Ports of his Burman
Majesty, Duties neither more nor less are to be received or exacted,
and on this head the orders of His Majesty have been issued. The
account is authenticated, and the particulars specified, nevertheless,
in consideration of the friendship that subsists with the English, hence-
forth whatsoever ships are bond fide English property, the Port Duties
and exactions from such ships, both at coming and departing, shall be
»*.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUBS. 200
paid at the Port of Rangoon, in silver of twenty-five per cent, standard, BURMA1 ^ 1
called in the Birman language Mowadzoo, or twenty-five per cent. lxxx<
silver.
The-original annexed to the Viceroy's letter to the Governor-Generals
(A true translation)
• (Signed) M. Symes,
Agent to the Court of Ava.
Translation of an Obder from the ViceKoy of Henzawuddy to the Subordinate
Council op Rangoon.
Ackoom, Chokey, Nakham, Chergee of Henzawuddy.
Whereas the Governor-General of Bengal having deputed Captain
Michael Symes to the Golden Feet, charged with presents, with a view
to increase the long existing friendship between the Burman and the
English Nations, His Majesty being highly pleased thereat, has
directed that the propositions which have been made by Captain
Michael Symes shall be complied with, therefore the amity which has
subsisted between the nations being confirmed and augmented by these
presents, whatever English ships shall henceforth come to Rangoon,
sjich ships shall pay certain Port Duties in the currency at which goods
are usually sold, that is Mowadjod or silver of twenty-five per cent.
*
standard.
(Signed) Henzawuddyne Meon Mewwoon Meetsha,
or the Governor of the thirty-two Provinces
of Henzawuddy.
(A true translation)
(Signed) M. Symes;
Agent to the Court of Ava.
Translation of the Rotal Order, regulating the Customs to be taken at th4
several Chokeys between Ummerapoor and Rangoon.
Sindars, Chokeydars, and Guards of the several Ghauts, extending
to the verge of the ocean.
Whereas the Governor- General, out of his friendship, has deputed
Captain Michael Symes from Calcutta in Bengal, to be his vakeel at
•d 2
210 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.*
buk mah. i^jg Court, who having made a representation and memorial to us,
lxxx. 8UC h representation has accordingly been taken into due consideration.
Merchants having paid the established Duty on their merchandize,
who do not dispose of such goods at the place of importation, but
choose to bring them to the capital (literally the Golden Feet) either
in person or by their agent, from such merchants no Puties are, on
any pretence, to be exacted or demanded on the way to the Capital,
but when merchants going back carry with them goods in return, they
are to pay Duties on such returning goods, in like manner as is specified
by the Regulations issued from the Dufter of the Golden Palacl, in
the Burman year 1145 : wherefore orders are despatched to the several
Chokeys, also to the Maywoon of Henzawuddy, and those matters
which were submitted by the principal Ministers to His Majesty are
fully authorized.
Moreover, in the Burman year 1157, and the 26th of the Burman
month Saundecoup, or the 26th of the Mussulman month Rubbi-ul-
awul, the Royal Mandate came forth to the following effect: —
At the Chokey called Keouptaloom, boats returning from the capi-
tal shall pay one mima, or one anna and a half.
At the Chokey called Muggoe, if the breadth of the boat be four
cubits, for each cubit twelve annas, or three takals in all shall be paid.
But if it be less than four cubits, one takal shall be paid for every
thousand viss weight of goods ; and if the boat be empty, then shall
one mima, or four annas, be paid for each man.
At the Chokey called Pulloe, if the breadth be four cubits, six
mima, or ten annas, shall be paid for each cubit ; and if the boat
exceeds, or is under four cubits, the same rate shall be paid : and if the
boat be laden with heavy commodities, then shall one takal be taken
for every thousand viss.
At the Chokey called Puttoo the Custom taken shall be, for each
cubit in breadth, three mima, or twelve annas.
At the Chokey called Keounzelee, and the Chokey called Nawalee,
no Duty is to be exacted. Yet some tyifle should be given by way of
present ; but no boat is to be stopped or impeded.
At the Chokey called Tow, where the Duty formerly was levied in
lead, it shall now be levied in silver ; that is, one takal shall be pud
by each boat, for every thousand viss burthen.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 211
At the Chokey called Trougmeow, if the boat be four cubits in bubmah
breadth, two hundred and fifty takais of lead (about ten annas) shall t |y Y .
be paid for each cubit, Jjut if the boat be less than four cubits, then
shall three visa and thirty takais of lead be taken for the whole
(something less than a Rupee).
At the Chokey called Bamen, boats shall pay six mima, or ten annas,
for £ach cubit in breadth.
At the Chokey called Ackeo there is no established Duty ; but from
boats laden with rice, salt, fish, and nappee, it is customary to give
som^r trifle.
At the Chokey called Henzawa, if a boat carries ten boatmen,
besides the steersman, for each of such boatman thirty-five takal of
lead shall be paid, but the steersman shall pay nothing. If a boat be
laden with rice, dhall, paddy, barley, kengid or cotton, then shall
the boat so laden pay a quarter of a basket of such commodity ; and if
a boat be laden with heavy articles, such as salt, fish, and nappee, four
viss of such heavy commodity shall be exacted from each boat. And
when a boat going down pays these Duties, no Duties shall be required
of the same boat returning ; and the reverse, a boat that has paid the
Duty shall not be taxed going down. Some trifling present will be
proper.
At the Chokey called Denoubeon, if the breadth of the boat be
four cubits, such boat shall pay two hundred and fifty takais of lead ;
if under that size, for each boatman fifty takais.
At the Chokey called Yangansea, and the Chokey called Panglang,
on the north side, no Duty is to be paid, but a tray is to be
given (meaning a trifling present, not more than the value of a
Rupee).
In the Burman year 1 145, a Mandate was issued from the Register
of the Golden Palace, that foreign merchants should have liberty to
come to the Capital (Golden Feet) without paying Duties ; nevertheless,
in returning they shall pay agreeable to the rates specified in the
Royal Mandate issued from the Durbar of the Golden Palace, nor
shall more or less be demanded or accepted : but to the Chokey of
Yangansea, on the north side, and the Chokey Panglang, on the north
side, and the Chokey Koongee and the Chokey of Loungee, no
212 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. *
BUBMAH. authority is granted from the Golden Palace to exact Duties, and
ijnnr. none on any pretence are to be required or received,
(Signed) Voonving Meoza,
Principal Minister.
(A true translation)
(Signed) M. Symes, *
Agent to the Court of Ava.
Translation of a Royal Order respecting the Duty to be .taken on timber*
Guards, Chokeydars, and persons in authority, as Jar as the seashore,
•
Whereas the Governor-General of the Company at Calcutta, in
Bengal, having deputed Captain Michael Symes with presents to the
Golden Feet, who requests liberty for merchants to purchase, load,
and take away timber, according to established and authorized custom,
therefore merchants of the English Nation, desirous of transporting
rafts of timber down the river, shall have liberty to carry from towns
and villages such timber. And as, in the year 1145, enquiry and inves-
tigation were made respecting the amouat of Duties formerly taken at
each of the Chokeys, His Majesty was pleased to direct that no Duties
should be taken, except what are specified therein ; for that reason it
is now ordered that no Duties shall be taken at Chokeys on Timber
going down, nor any Impost exacted on wood, except five per cent,
.payable at Rangoon, agreeable to former Regulation.
(Signed) Voonving Meoza,
Principal Minister.
t
v
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 213
NO. LXXXI. BURMAH.
Treaty of Peace between the Honorable East India Company on the one
part, and His Majesty the King of Ava on the other, settled by Major-General Sir
Archibald Campbell, k. c. b. and k. c. t. s., commanding the expedition, and
Senior Commissioner in Pegu and Ava ; Thomas Campbell Robertson, Esquire,
Civil Commissioner in fegu and Ava ; and Henry Ducie Chads, Esquire, Captain,
commanding His Britannic Majesty's and the Honorable Company's Naval
Force on the Irrawaddy River, on the part of the Honorable Company ; and by
MengyeefMaha-Men-hlah-Kyan-ten "Woongyee, Lord of Lay-Kaing, and
Mbngyee-Mahah-hlah-thuo-hah-thoo-Atwen-woon, Lord of the Revenue, on
\he part of the King of Ava ; who have each communicated to the other their full
powers, agreed to and executed at Yandaboo, in the Kingdom of Ava, on this
Twenty-fourth day of February, in the year of Our Lord One Thousand Eight
Hundred and Twenty-six, corresppnding with the Fourth day of the decrease of the
Moon Taboung, in the year One Thousand One Hundred and Eighty-seven Gaudma
iEra.
Article 1.
There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between the Honor-
able Company on the one part, and His Majesty the King of Ava
on the other.
No.
LXXXI.
Article 2.
His Majesty the King of Ava renounces all claims upon, and will
abstain from all future interference with, the principality of Assam
pud its dependencies, ahd also with the contiguous petty States of
Cachar and Jyntia. With regard to Munnipoor it is stipulated, that
should Ghumbheer Sing desire to return to that country, he shall be
recognized by the King of Ava as Rajah thereof.
Article 3.
•
To prevent all future disputes respecting the boundary line between
the two great Nations, the British Government will retain the con-
quered Provinces of Arracaa, including the four divisions of Arracan,
Ramree, Cheduba, and Sandoway, and His Majesty the King of Ava
cedes all right thereto. The Unnoupectoumien or Arakan Mountains
(known in Arakan by the name of the Yeomatoung or Pokhingloung
,•
214 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
•
bukmah. Range) will henceforth form the boundary between the two. great
lxxxi Nations on that side. Any doubts regarding the said line of demarca-
tion will be settled by Commissioners appointed by the respective
governments for that purpose, such Commissioners from both powers *
to be of suitable and corresponding rank.
r
Article 4. •
His Majesty the King of Ava cedes to the British Government the . -^
conquered Provinces of Ych, Tavoy, and Mergui and Tena«erim, "■*'
with the islands and dependencies thereunto appertaining, taking the
Sal ween River as the line of demarcation on that frontier ; any doubts " •
regarding their boundaries will be settled as specified in <9te concluding
part of Article third.
Article 5.
In proof of the sincere disposition of the Burmese Government'to
maintain the relations of peace and amity between the Nations, and as
part indemnification to the British Government for the expenses of the
War, His Majesty the King of Ava agrees to pay the sunt of one
crorc of Rupees.
Article 6.
No person whatever, whether native or foreign, is hereafter to be
molested by either party, on account of the part which he may have
taken or have been compelled to take in the present war.
Article 7.
In order to cultivate and improve the relations of amity and peace
hereby established between the two governments, it is agreed that
accredited ministers, retaining an escort or safeguard of fifty men, from
each, shall reside at the Durbar of the other, who shall be permitted to
purchase, or to build a suitable place of residence, of permanent
materials; and a Commercial Treaty, upon principles of reciprocal
advantage, will be entered into by the two high contracting powers.
treaties, engagements, and sunnuds. 215
Article 8. bubmah.
No.
All public and private debts contracted by either Government, or by lxxxi,
the subjects of either «governiqent, with the others previous to the war,
tprfbe recognized and liquidated upon the same principles of honor and
good faith as if hostilities had not taken place between the two
Nations, and »o advantage shall be taken by either party of the period
* that may have elapsed since the debts were incurred, or in consequence
of the war ; and according to the universal law of Nations, it is further
• * stipulated, that the property of all British subjects who may die in the
dominions of His Majesty the King of Ava, shall, in the absence of
- • legal heirs, be placed in the hands of the British Resident or Consul in
thfc said don#hions, who will dispose of the same according to the tenor
of the British law. In like manner the property of Burmese subjects
dying under the same circumstances, in any part of the British
dominions, shall be made over to the minister or other authority
delegated by His Burmese Majesty, to the Supreme Government of
India. .
Article 9.
The SSng of Ava will abolish all exactions upon British ships or
vessels in Burman ports, that are not required from Burmah ships or
vessels in British ports, nor shall ships or vessels, the property of Bri-
tish subjects, whether European or Indian > entering the Rangoon River
or other Burman ports, be required to land their guns, or unship their
rudders, or .to do any otter act not required of Burmese ships or vessels
in British ports.
Article 10.
The good and faithful Ally of the British Government, His Majesty
the King of Siam, having taken a part in the present War, will, to the
fullest extent, as far as regards His Majesty and his subjects, be
included in the above Treaty.
Article 11.
This Treaty to be ratified by the Burmese authorities competent in
the like cases, and the Ratification to be accompanied by all British,
216 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNKUDS.
BtJRMAH. whether European or Native, American, and other prisoners, who will
lxxxi. ke delivered over to the British Commissioners ; the British Commis-
sioners on their part engaging that the said Treaty shall be ratified by
the Right Honorable the Governor-General in Council, and the Ra-
tification shall be delivered to His Majesty the King of Ava, in four
months, or sooner if possible, and all the Burmese prisoners shall, in
like manner, be delivered over to their own government as soon as they
arrive from Bengal.
Largeen Meonja,
Woonghee.
(Signed) Archibald Campbell. ( l s. ]
(Signed) T. C. Robertson,
Civil Commissioner.
Seal of the Lotoo.
(Signed) Hy. D. Chads, (^/^
Captain, Royal Navy. \ J
SllWAGUM Woon,
Atawoon.
Additional Article.
The British Commissioners being most anxiously desirous to manifest
the sincerity of their wish for peace, and -to make the immediate exe-
cution of the fifth Article of this Treaty as little irksome or inconve-
nient as possible to His Majesty the King of Ava, consent to the fol-
lowing arrangements, with respect to the division of the sum total, as
specified in the Article before referred to, into instalments, viz., upon
the payment of twenty-five lacks of Rupees, or one-fourth of the sum
total (the other Articles of the Treaty being executed), the Army will
retire to Rangoon. Upon the further payment of a similar sum at
that place, within one hundred days from this date, with the proviso as
above, the Army will evacuate the dominions of His Majesty the Sang
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 217
of A va with the least possible delay, leaving the remaining moiety of BURMAH.
the sum total to be paid, by equal annual instalments in two years, lxxxi.
from this Twenty-fourth day of February 1826 A. D., through the
Consul or Resident in Ava or Pegu, on the part of the Honourable the
East India Company. '
(Signed) Archibald Campbell.
Largeen Meoxja,
Woonghee.
(Signed) T. C Robertson, f ^
^ Civil Commissioner. \ J
i
m
Seal of the Lotoo.
(Signed) Hy. D. Chads,
■ •
Captain, Royal Navy.
Shwagum Woon,
Ataxooon.
Ratified by the Governor-General in Council, at Fort William in
Bengal, this Eleventh day of April, in. the Year of Our Lord One
Thousand Eight Hundred and Twenty-six.
•
(Signed) Amherst.
COMBERMERE.
J. H. Harington.
W. B. Bayley.
>9
m
E 2
?■
fc 218 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
burmaii. No. LXXXII.
No.
LXXXIL
Commercial Treaty with Ava.
A Commercial Treaty, signed and sealed at the Golden City of
Rata-na-pura, on the 23rd of November 1826, according to the English,
and the 9th of the decrease of the Moon Tan-soung-mong 1188, accord-
ing to the Burmans, by the Envoy Crawford, appointed by the English
Ruler the Company's Buren, who governs India, and the Commis-
sioners, the Atwcnwun Mengyi-thi-ri-maha-then Kyan, Lord of Sau,
and the Atwcnwun Mengyi-Maha-men-lha-thi-ha-thu, Lord of the *
Revenue, appointed by His Majesty the Burmese rising Sun Buren,
who reigns over Thu-na-pa-ran-ta-Tam-pa-di-pa, and matr^ other
great countries.
According to the Treaty of Peace between the two great Nations
made at Yandaboo, in order to promote the prosperity of both coun-
tries, and with a desire to assist and protect the trade of both, the
Commissioner, and Envoy Crawford, appointed by the English Com-
pany's Buren who rules India, and the Commissioners, the Atwenwnn
Mengyi-thi-ra-maha-nanda-then Kyan, Lord of Sau, and the Atwen-
wun Maha-men-lha-thi-ha-thu, Lord of the Revenue, appointed by
His Majesty the Burmese rising Sun Buren, who rules over Thu-na-pa-
ra-Tam-pa-di-pa, and many other great countries : these three in the
conference tent, at the landing-place of Ze-ya-pu-ra, north of the
Golden City of Rata-na-pura, with mutual consent completed this
Engagement.
Article 1.
Peace being made between the great country governed by the
English Prince the India Company Buren, and the great country of Ra-
ta-na-pura, which rules over Thu-na-para-Tam-pa-di-pa, and many
other great countries, when merchants with an English stamped pass
from the country of the English Prince and merchants from the king-
dom of Burmah pass from one country to the other, selling and buying
merchandize, the sentinels at the passes and entrances, the established
gate-keepers of the country, shall make inquiry as usual, but without
demanding any money, and all merchants coming truly for the purpose
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 219 *
of trade, with merchandize, shall be suffered to pass without hinderance BUIl MAH *
or molestation. The governments of both, countries also shall permit lxxxil
ships with cargoes to enter ports and carry on trade, giving them the
utmost protection and security : and in regard to Duties, there shall
none be taken beside the customary Duties at the landing places of
trade.
Article 2.
Ships whose breadth of beam on the. inside (opening of the hold)
is eight Royal Burman cubits of 19/ English inches each, and all
ships of smaller- size, whether merchants from the Burmese country
entering an English port under the Burmese flag, or merchants
from the English country with an English stamped pass entering a
Burmese port under the English flag, shall be subject to no other
demands beside the payment of Duties, and ten takals 25 per cent. **
(10 sicca Rupees) for a chokey pass on leaving. Nor shall pilotage be
demanded, unless the Captain voluntarily requires a pilot. However,
when ghips arrive, information shall be given to the officer stationed at
the entrance of the sea, in regard to vessels whose breadth of beam
exceeds eight Royal Burman cubits, and remain, according to the 9th
Article of the Treaty of Yandaboo, without unshipping their rudders, or
landing their guns, and be free from trouble and molestation as
Burmese vessels in British Ports. Besides the Royal Duties, no more
Duties shall be given or taken than such as are customary.
Article 3.
Merchants belonging to one, who go to the other country and remain
there, shall, when they desire to return, go to whatever place and
by whatever vessel they may desire, without hinderance. Property
owned by merchants they shall be allowed to sell; and property not
sold and household furniture, they shall be allowed to take away
without hinderance, or incurring any expense.
Article 4.
English and Burmese vessels meeting with . contrary winds or
sustaining damage in masts, rigging, &a, or suffering shipwreck on the
• ■#
220 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
burmah. sliore, shall, according to the laws of charity, receive assistance from
lxxxiii *^ e i n ' ia ^^ tants °f tue towns and villages that may be near, the master
of the wrecked ship paying to those that assist suitable salvage,
according to the circumstances of the case; and whatever property
may remain, in case of shipwreck, shall be restored to the owner.
(Signed) J. Crawfubd.
( Signed) Atwenwun Mengyi-thi-iiamaha-nanda-then-Kyan,
Lord of San.
,> Atwenwcn Mengyi-maha-men-lha-thi-ha-thu,
Lord of the Revenue.
(A true copy)
(Signed) J. Crawfcrd, Envoy.
Ratified by the Right Honourable the" Governor-General on the
first day of September, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Twenty-
seven A. D. m
(Signed) A. Sterling,
Secretary to Government*
No. LXXXIII.
Agreement regarding the Kubo Vallet.
•
First. — The British Commissioners, Major Grant and Captain Pem-
berton, under instructions from the Right Honourable the Governor-
General in Council, asrree to make over to the Moandauk Maha
Mingyan Rajah and Tsarudangieks Myookyanthao, Commissioners
appointed by the King of Ava, the Tpwns of Tuinmao, Khumbah,
Surjall, and all other villages in the Kubo Valley, the Ungoching Hills
and the strip of valley running between the eastern foot and the western
bank of the Xingtha KJiyendwau River.
Second. — The British Commissioners will withdraw the Munnipoo-
rec Thannas now stationed within this tract of the countrv, and make
• •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 221
over immediate possession of it to the Burmese Commissioners on bubma u.
certain conditions. lxxxiii.
Third. — The conditions are, that they will agree to the boundaries
which may be pointed out to them by the British Commissioners, and
will respect and refrain from any interference, direct or indirect, with
the people residing on the Munnipooree side of those boundaries.
Fourth. — The boundaries are as follows : —
1. The eastern part of the chain of mountains which rise imme-
diately from the western side of the plain of the Kubo Valley. Within
this line is included Morch and all the country to the westward of it.
2. On the south a line extending from the eastern foot of the
same hills at the point where the river, called by the Burmahs
Nansawing, and by the Munnipoorees Numsaulung, enters the plain, up
to its sources and across the hills due west down to the Kethe'khyaung
(Munnipooree River).
3. On the north the line of boundary will begin at the foot of the
same hills at the northern extremity of the Kubo. Valley, and pass due
north up to the first r&nge of hills, east of that upon which stand the
villages of Choatao Noanghue, Noanghur of the tribe called by the
Munnipoorees Loohooppa, and by the Burmahs Lagumsauny, now
tributary to Munnipoor.
Fifth. — The Burmese Commissioners hereby promise that they will
give orders to the Burmese Officers, who will remain in charge of the
territory now made over to them, not in any way to interfere with
the Khyens or other inhabitants living on the Munnipoor side of the
lines of boundary above described, and the British Commissioners also
promise that the Munnipoorees shall be ordered not in any way to
interfere with the Khyens or other inhabitants of any description living
on the Burmah side of the boundaries now fixed.
Seal. ) (Signed) F. J. Grant, Major.
V
ji
«0
It. B. Pemberton, Captain,
s
Sunny achil Ghat, Ningthee, 9th January 1834.
PART III.
TREATIES AND ENGAGEMENTS
WITH THE
NATIVE STATES OF THE MALAYAN PENINSULA, AND THE
ISLAND OF SUMATRA, AND WITH SIAM.
MALAYAN PENINSULA.
From a Report by Colonel Cavenagh, and other documents in the
Foreign Office.
With the exception of the territories of one or two petty
Independent States, the»possession of the Malayan Peninsula is divided
between the British and the Siamese. Engagements have been
formed with Quedah, which is tributary to Siam, and with the
Independent States of Perak, Salengor.e, the Confederate States of
Eambow, &c, and Johore. The districts of Tringanu and Kelantan
are also protected by the British Government under the Treaty of
Bankok.
The Treaty by which the general policy of the' British Govern-
ment in the Eastern Seas is regulated is the Treaty with the Dutch
of 17th March 1824 (No. LX&X1V.), by the 10th Article of which the
connection of the Dutch with the Peninsula of Malacca was severed.
Malacca was founded about the middle of the 13th century
by Rajah Secunder Shah of Singapore. It was taken by the
224? TRKATIKS, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
Malayan Portuguese under Albuquerque in 1511, and fell into the hands of
lTVIV *
hula." the Dutch in 1641, who held it till 1795, when it was reduced, along
with the other Dutch Settlements in the East, by the British. It
continued in possession of the British till 1818, when it yas restored
to the Dutch. It was finally receded to the British under the Treaty
with the Dutch, of 1824.
To the north of Malacca lies Naning, which, at tjie time of the
Dutch occupation of Malacca, was governed by four Chiefs, who
formed a Treaty with the Dutch. The headman or Panghulu was
appointed by the Dutch. After the British occupation of Malacca
and Naning, an Engagement (No. LXXXV.) was made with the
Chiefs in 1802. -In 1831 the Chiefs rebelled, and it was found
necessary to subdue the country by force.
Quedah. — Our earliest political relations with this State may be
said to have commenced with the negotiations which were opened
with the Rajah of Quedah by Captain Francis Light, and which ■
resulted in the Agreement of 1786 (No. LXXXVI.)» for the
cession of the Island of Penang, thenceforward called Prince of
Wales' Island. The Island was formally taken possession of on the
11th August 1*786.
On the 1st of May 17j)l, a Treaty (No. LXXXVII.) was
concluded by Captain Light, which provided for the mutual surrender
of runaway slaves, debtors, forgercrs, and murderers ; for the necessary
supply of provisions (duty-free) from the mainland to the residents in
the Island and shipping in the harbour, and for the annual payment .
to the Kiag of Quedah, styled His Highness Jang de Per Tuan, of the
sum of six thousand Spanish Dollars ; it also bound the King not to
allow Europeans of other nations to settle in his country.
On the 6th June 1800, Sir George Lcith, who. had succeeded to the
Lieutenant-Governorship of Prince .of Wales' Island, entered into
further negotiations with the Ruler of Quedah, and another Treaty
(No. LXXXVII I.) was concluded for the cession of a considerable
district, now called Province Wcllesley, on the mainland. This
Treaty was not confirmed till November 1^02.
Both these Treaties appear to have been negotiated under the
impression that the Iluler of Quedah was an Independent Chief,
. whereas he was tributary to Siam.
J
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 225
In 1820 the Rajah of Quedah having given umbrage to the Court *££!™l A1 *
at Bankok, by delaying to forward the usual tribute of gold and silver SULA -
flowers, and by non-compliance with other customary observances and
marks of vfcsalage, that Court determined upon depriving him of his
delegated Government, and in<November 1821 the Rajah of Ligor,
another feudatory of Siam, advanced into Quedah at the head of a
formidable army, and expelled the Rajah, who found refuge in Penang,
on the express condition that neither he nor. any of his followers
should, during their stay in that Island, carry on any political corres- „
pondence without the approval of the British Government. This
condition he violated, and as the mediation of Government with a
view to his restoration proved unsuccessful, it was stipulated under
the Treaty of Bankok* that he should leave Penang. In accordance
with the provisions of the above Engagement, the Ex-Rajah was
compelled to take up his residence at Malacca, a suitable Pension
having been assigned for his maintenance by the British Government.
The Ex-Rajah made several unsuccessful attempts to recover his
country from the Ligor Chief. At length, in 1842, his eldest son
proceeded to Bankok and made submission to Siam on behalf of his
*
father, and through the intercession of the Governor of the Straits
Settlements the Ex-Rajah was put in charge of Central Quedah, one
of the three Governorships into which Quedah had been divided.
The 13th Article of the Treaty of Bankok was therefore modified. In
1843 the Rajah of Quedah forcibly seized the Krean District in
Perak, the Ruler of which country appealed to the Governor of the
Straits Settlement for redress, t Owing to the remonstrances of the
Governor, the Rajah eventually withdrew his followers from the
district, but his annual allowance was suspended for a year as a
punishment, for his contumacy in the first instance.
On the Rajah's death, his eldest son, Tuanku Abdullah, was
appointed by the Court at Bankok to succeed him ; he was similarly
succeeded by his brother Tuanku Daie, who died on the 8th May
1854 ; his son, the present Rajah, Tuanku Ahmeed, at once assuming
the reins of Government
* In this Treaty the Government of the British over Penang and Province Wellesley was
acknowledged by the Siamese.
• F 2
f
226 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
MALAYAN Perah. — The State of Perak was originally a dependency of Malacca,
SULA, and about the middle of the sixteenth century, the Bandahara of
Johore was raised to the dignity of the Sultan of Perak, under the
name of Mozuffer Shah. His son Mansur Shah became King of Acheen
about 1567, and Perak was thenceforth tributary to him and his
successors, who received the customary token of vassalage, the Bungah
Mas (golden flower). On the decline of the power of Acheen, Perak
became independent and fell under the influence of the Dutch. In
1795 an expedition from Penang compelled the Dutch Garrison of
the small Fort at Perak to surrender. This led to an increase of our
trade with the country, the whole of the produce of the tin mines
being brought to Penang. The then reigning Sultan, Mahomed Tajud
Din, died in 1801, and was succeeded by his son Sultan Mansur Shah.
In 1818 a Treaty (No. LXXXIX.) was concluded by the Gover-
nor of Prince of Wales' Island with the Rajah of Perak, Sultan
Abdullah, under the provisions of which the right of free trade with
Perak was secured to British subjects.
In 1825 differences having arisen between the Rulers of Perak and
Selangore, Mr. Anderson was deputed to adjust matters. This led to
the negotiation of the Treaty (No. XC), dated 6th September 1825,
by which the boundary between the two States is determined ; the
Rajah of Perak also thereby engaged not to interfere in the Govern*
ment of Selangore, and to permit all Foreign traders to carry on their
trade without any interruption.
Under the provisions of Article XIV. of the Treaty of Bankok,
the independence of Perak is secured, though the Rajah is permitted,
should he so desire, to maintain a friendly communication with Siam,
and even to send the gold and silver flowers as formerly. This
Article also contains a guarantee on the part of the British Govern-
ment to protect Perak from any attack by a force from Selangore.
In September of the above year intimation having been received by
the Governor of Prince of Wales' Island, that the Rajah of Ligor had
introduced a body of troops into Perak and deprived the Rajah of Perak
of all power, a small force was at once despatched to insist upon the~
strict fulfilment of the terms of the Treaty. The Siamese evacuated the
position they had taken up on the bank of the river, and the indepen-
dence of Perak from their control has ever since been fully recognised.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 227
Under a Treaty (No. XCL), dated 18th October 1826, the Rajah of ma^yan
Perak, on the plea of his inability to suppress the piracy then preva- SULA,
lent along his coast, ceded to the British the Dinding Island, the
Islands of Pungkor, and all other Islands previously appertaining to
Perak ; and by a second Treaty (No. XCII.), concluded on the same
date, he engaged to hold no intercourse with the King of Siam, or any
of his Chiefs, or with the Rajah of Selangore ; not to present the Bunga
Mas or any other species of tribute, nor to receive any Ambassadors,
and in case of any interference with his country on the part of Foreign
Chiefs, to rely entirely on the aid and protection of the British
Government: this aid and protection being guaranteed to him,
provided he faithfully fulfilled all his Engagements. On the 25th
October a Supplementary Treaty (No. XCIII.) was signed, which
provides for the better management of the country, the suppression of
piracy, and the protection of trade.
Although the Rajah is the only Chief recognised by us as having
power in Perak, it would appear that this power is shared with the
following great Officers of his Court: — Rajah Mudah, Bandahara,
Orang Kaya Besar, and Tumongong, whose seals are attached to
the different Treaties. The first mentioned is the heir apparent to
the Throne, an elective, and not hereditary post, though the choice
is limited to members of the Royal Family.
Selangore. — In 1786 the independent Rajah of Selangore was
obliged to acknowledge himself a vassal of the Dutch, who were
then in possession of Malacca. When the Dutch came again into
possession of Malacca, in 1818, they wished to re-enter on their former
relations with Selangore, but the Rajah, who had a strong partiality
for the British, with whom he had formed a Commercial Alliance,
(No. XCIV.) refused.
In 1825, when Mr. Anderson was deputed to settle the dispute
between Selangore and Perak, a Treaty (No. XCV.) was concluded
with the Rajah, under the provisions of which the former Agreement
is confirmed, whilst the boundary between Selangore and Perak
having been determined, the Rajah of Selangore agrees never to
interfere in the Government of the latter country, or to cross the
Frontier with an armed force, also to prevent pirates from resorting
to his coast, as well as to surrender all offenders, such as pirates,
robbers, murderers, and others, who may escape # from the British
r
228 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNN CDS.
MALAYAN territories and seek shelter in his country — these latter conditions
SULA. being reciprocal. By the 14th Article of the Treaty of the 20th June
1826, with Siam, the safety of Selangore, from any attack on the part
of a Siamese force, is guaranteed, and this State, equally with Perak,
may therefore be considered under British protection.
Although still nominally under one Chief, Selangore, is at present
divided into five almost Independent States, viz. Lookoot, Lungat,
Kallang, Selangore, and Bernam. Of these the principal is Lookoot,
by the Rajah of which country Cape Rachado has, with the sanction of
the Sultan of Selangore, recently been made over to the British
Government for the erection of a light-house.
It is currently reported that the Rajah of Lookoot has been recently
vested by the Sultan with supreme authority over the whole of
Selangore, but no official notification has as yet been made to
Government on the subject.
Confederate States, of Sungic Ujong, Rambow, Johole^ and Sree Afe-
nanti. — These States were originally dependencies of Johore. About
1773 they renounced their allegiance to that Sovereign, and elected a
Chief, under the title of Jang de Per Tuan Besar, to preside over the
Council of the four Punghooloos, each Punghooloo having, however,
independent jurisdiction in his own State. Hence all real power
remains in their hands, that possessed by the Jang de Per Tuan being
only nominal. Subsequently, in 1796, another Chief was appointed
a Member of the Council, under the title of Jang de Per Tuan
Muda.
In 1814 an Appeal was made by the then Jang de Per Tuan Muda to
the British Resident at Malacca, for assistance against the four Pun-
ghooloos, with whom he was at variance. This was, however, refused.
On the 30th November 1831, Rajah Ali, being then Jang de Per
Tuan Besar, and his son-in-law, Shrief Syed Saban, Jang de Per
Tuan Muda, a Treaty (No. XCVI.) was concluded between the
British Government and the Confederate States. This Treaty
provides, under special conditions, for the mutual surrender of
criminals, and the settlement of disputes that may arise between the
contracting Governments or any of their Dependent States, as well
as for the protection of trade and the suppression of piracy. A
similar Treaty (No. v XCVII.) was negotiated with Rambow, as a
separate State, on'thc 28th January 1832.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 229
The position of Malacca, where it is conterminous with the bound- Malayan
PENIN-
aries of Rambow and Johole, was denned in separate Agreements sula.
made with the Rulers of these States, dated respectively 9th
January and 15th June 1833 (Nos. XCVIII. and XCIX.)
Although the Rulers of the different States still occasionally meet
for the discussion of any matter affecting their common interests, for
some time past the Confederacy may be said to have ceased to exist,
and the late Jang dc Per Tuan, who was also the Punghooloo of Sree
Menanti, exercised but little influence over the other Chiefs. His
position indeed seems never to have been recognised by the British
Government, all correspondence with the various Chieftains having
been conducted without any reference to his authority. The foregoing
observations may be deemed generally applicable to the small States of
Lingie and Gumimchi, the former being a dependency of Sungie
Ujong, and the latter of Johole.
The districts of Kooh and Tamping, though forming a portion of
Rambow, are at present ruled by Syed Saban, under whose authority
they were originally placed, in his capacity of Jang de Per Tuan Muda.
Johore. — Our political relations with Johore may be said to date
from 1818, on the 19th of August of which year a Treaty (No. C.)
of Peace and Friendship, having for its aim the protection of
commerce, was concluded by Major Farquhar with Sultan Abdul
Rahman Shah, the youngest son of Sultan Mahomed, who had, however,
consequent on the absence of his elder brother, Tuanku Hoossein, in
Pahang, whither he had proceeded to celebrate his marriage with the
daughter of the Bandahara, assumed the Sovereignty, though it is
alleged only as a temporary measure, on his father's demise.
Sultan Abdul Rahman Shah is reported to have subsequently abdicated
in favor of his brother, who was publicly installed as Sultan by Sir Stam-
ford Raffles in 1819. On the 6th of February and 26th June of that year,
Treaties (No. CI. and CII.) were negotiated with the Sultan and the Tu-
mongong, for the establishment of an English Factory at Singapore, and
the protection of British Commerce throughout the Sultan's dominions.
In 1824 it was deemed desirable to obtain the absolute cession of
Singapore in full Sovereignty, and with this view a fresh Treaty
(No. CIII.) was entered into with the Sultan and Tumongong, under
230 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
Malayan the provisions of which the Island of Singapore, with the Seas, Straits,
PKNIN- . • ...
sula. and Islets within ten* geographical miles from its coasts, became a British
Settlement, whilst due arrangements were effected for the suppression of
piracy and the furtherance of British Commercial interests in Johor&
The Sultan and Tumongong and their successors have, up to the
present date, continued to reside at Singapore. Owing, however, to
the differences between them arising out of their respective claims to
the revenue derived from the Sovereignty of Johore on the main land,
it was considered by the Local Government advisable that this
Sovereignty should be vested in the hands of one Chief, who should
exercise undivided authority over the whole country, and the Tumon-
gong having been selected for the purpose, with the consent of the
Governor-General in Council, on the 10th March 1855, a Treaty
(No. CIV.) was arranged between His Highness and the Sultan, njider
the terms of which, the latter, in consideration of the payment of a
certain sum and a monthly Pension, ceded to the former absolute
Sovereignty over Johore, merely retaining authority over the District
of Segamat or Moar, a small tract between Johore and the British
Settlement of Malacca, which has never formed a part of the former,
having always been governed by a distinct Chief, bearing, however, the
title of Tumongong, and acknowledging allegiance to the Sultan*
Under the provisions of the above Treaty, in the event of the Sultan's
being desirous of relinquishing the Sovereignty of Moar, it is in the first
instance to be offered for the acceptance of the British Government.
The State of Pahang was originally a dependency of Johore, and
governed by a hereditary Officer of that Court, styled the Bandahara.
But for some years past the Bandahara has completely thrown off
his allegiance to Johore, and asserted his independence.
Pahang may, to a certain extent, be considered as under the
protection of this Government, as, notwithstanding the non-existence
of any Treaty obligations, on all occasions of necessity, either owing
to internal dissensions or external attack, the advice and support of
the Governor of the Straits Settlement chas always been sought by
* In Novemtor 1861 it was ruled that the right of the British Government orer the
within 10 miles of Singapore must be limited to a distance of 3 miles from any coast either
of mainland or island within a circle of 10 miles, of which Singa]H>re is the centre.
i
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
231
the Bandahara, and to the assistance thus obtained his present m ££AYAN
sula.
independent position may be mainly attributed.
The States of Jellabu Ulu Pahang (including Sutting and Jampole)
and Jillye also formed a portion of the original confederacy of the
Malay Peninsula, owing allegiance to the Sultan of Johore. This
allegiance seems never to have been formally renounced by their
Punghooloos, as they continued to acknowledge the Sultan's authority
after the secession of Sungie Ujong, Kambow, Johole, and Sree
Menanti. Hence, as no separate Treaties have ever been negotiated
with these Chiefs, our political relations with them could only be
regulated with reference to any rights acquired by virtue of the
various Treaties concluded with the Sultan of Johore, to whom they
still apparently consider themselves nominally feudatories, although he
has long since ceased to exercise any control over their actions.
No.
LXXXIV.
No. LXXXIV.
Treaty between His Bbitannick Majesty and The King of the Netherlands,
respecting Territory and Commerce in the East Indies, signed at London,
March 17, 1824.
In the m Name of the Most Holy In den Nuam der allerheiligste
and Undivided Trinity. en onverdeelbare Drieeenigheid.
His Majesty The King of the
United Kingdom of Great Bri-
tain and Ireland, and His Majesty
The Kingp of the Netherlands,
desiring to place upon a footing,
mutually beneficial, Their res-
pective Possessions and the Com-
merce of Their Subjects in the
East Indies, so that the welfare
and prosperity of both Nations
may be promoted, in all time to
Zyne Majesteit de Koning van
het Vereenigde Koningryk van
Groot Britanje en Ierland, en Zyne
Majesteit de Koning der Nederland-
en, verlangende hunne respectieve
bezittingen en den handel Hunner
onderdanen in Oost Indie op eenen
wederkeerig voordeeligen voet te
brengen, zoo dat de welvaart en
voorspoed der beide Natien voor-
taan ten alien tyde bevorderd
232
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
No.
LXXXIV.
^J&SSP* come, without those differences
PENIN- '
SULA. and jealousies which have, in
former times, interrupted the
harmony which ought always to
subsist between Them ; and being
anxious that all occasions of mis-
understanding between Their
respective Agents may be, as
much as possible, prevented ; and
in order to determine certain
questions which have occurred in
the execution of the Convention
made at London on the 13 th of
August 1814, in so far as it re-
spects the Possessions of His Ne-
therland Majesty in the East,
have nominated Their Plenipo-
tentiaries, that is to say : —
His Majesty The King of the
United. Kingdom of Great Bri-
tain and Ireland, The Eight
Honourable George Canning, a
Member of His said Majesty's
Most Honourable Privy Council^
a Member of Parliament, and
His said Majesty's Principal Se-
cretary of State for Foreign Af-
fairs; — and the Right Honour-
able Charles Watkin Williams
Wynn, a Member of His said
Majesty's Most Honourable Pri-
vy Council, a Member of Parlia-
ment, Lieutenant-Colonel Com-
mandant of the Montgomeryshire
Regiment of Yeomanry Gaval-
ry, and President of His said
kunnen worden zonder die oneenig-
heden en nayver welke, in vroeger
dagen, de goede verstandhouding
gestoord hebben die steeds tusschen
dezelve behoort te bestaan, en wil-
lende, zoo veel mogelyk, alle
aanleiding tot mis vers tand tusschen*
Hunne respectieve Agenten v66rko-
men, als mede, ten einde zekere
punten van verschil te regelen welke
zich hebben opgedaan by het ter
uitvoer leggen van de Conventie
den 13 d * Augustus 1814, te London
gesloten, voor zoo ver dezelve
betrekking heeft tot de bezittingen
van Zyne Majesteit den Koning
der Nederlanden in Oost IndiS,
hebben tot Gevolmagtigden beno-
emd, te weteri : —
Zyne Majesteit de Koning van
Groot Britanje, den Heer George
Canning, Lid van Zyner Majesteite
Geheimen Raad, en van het Parie-
ment, mitsgaders Hoogstdeszelfs
eersten Secretaris van Staat voor
de Buitcnlandsche Zaken; en den
Ilccr Charles Watkin Williams
Wynn, Lid van Zyner Majesteits
Geheimen Raad, en van het Parte-
inent, Lieutenant-Kolonel Kom-
manderende het Regiment Vrywil-
ligers te paard van het Graafschap
Montgomery, mitsgaders President
van het Kollegie van Koinmissaris-
sen voor de Indische Zaken : —
I
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
233
Majesty's Board of Commissioners
for the Affairs of India: —
And His Majesty The King
of the Netherlands, Baron Henry
Fagel, Member of the Eques-
trian Corps of the Province of
Holland, Counsellor of State,
Knight Grand Cross of the Roy-
al Order of the Belgic Lion, and
of the Royal Guelphic Order,
and Ambassador Extraordinary
and Plenipotentiary of His said
Majesty to His Majesty The
King of Great Britain; — and
Anton Reinhard Falck, Com-
mander of the Royal Order of
the Belgic Lion, and His said
Majesty's Minister of the De-
partment of Public Instruction,
National Industry, and Colo-
nies : —
Who, after having mutually
communicated their Full Powers,
found in good and due form,
have agTeed on the following
Articles : —
MALAYAN
PENIN-
SULA.
En Zyne Majesteit de Konning lxxxiv.
der Nederlanden, den Baron Hend-
_ • _
rik Fagel, Lid der Ridderschap van
de Provincie Holland, Staatsraad,
•
Groot-Kruis der Koninglyke Orden
van den Nederlandschen Leeuw, en
der Guelfen, mitsgaders Hoogstdes-
zelfs Extraordinaris Ambassadeur
en Plenipotentiaris aan het Hof van
London ; — En den Heer Anton
Reinhard Falck, Kommandeur der
•
Koninglyke Orden van den Neder?
landschen Leeuw, en Minister voor
het Publieke onderwys,de Nationale
Ny verheid, en de Kolonien? —
De welke, na wederzydsche me-
dedeeling van hunne volmagten die
in goeden en behoorlyken vorm be-
vonden zyn, de volgende Artikelen
hebben vastgesteld.
Artjcle L
The high Contracting Parties
engage to admit the Subjects of
each other to trade with Their
respective Possessions in the
Eastern Archipelago, and on th^
Continent of India, and in Ceylon,
upon the footing of the most fa-
voured Nation ; Their respective
Subjects conforming themselves
Artikel I.
De Hooge Contracterende Party-
en verbinden zich om in hunne
respectieve bezittingen in den Oos-
terschen Archipel, en op het vaste
land van Indie, en op Ceylon,
elkanders onderdanen ten handel
toetelaten op den voet der meest
begunstigde Natie; wel verstaande
dat de wederzydsche onderdanen
* « 2
236
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
M £HXP established by Articles I., II.,
SULA. and III. ; and, in no case, to
LXxxrv. impede a free communication of
the Natives in the Eastern Ar-
chipelago, with the Ports of the
Two Governments, respectively ,
or of the Subjects of the Two
Governments with the Ports
belonging to Native Powers.
Article V.
Their Britannick and Nether-
land Majesties, in like manner,
engage to concur effectually in
repressing Piracy in those Seas :
They will not grant either asylum
or protection to Vessels engaged
in Piracy, and They will, in no
case, permit the Ships or mer-
chandize captured by such Ves-
sels, to be introduced, deposited,
or sold, in any of their Posses-
sions.
Article VI.
It is agreed that Orders shall
be given by the Two Govern-
ments to their Officers and
Agents in the East, not to form
any new Settlement on any of
the Islands in the Eastern Seas,
without previous Authority from
their respective Governments in
Europe.
by Art. I, II. en III. vastgesteld,
te eerbiedigen en, in geen geval,
hinder toetebrengen aan de ge-
meenschap der inboorlingen van
den Oostersche Archipel met de
havens der twee Gouvernementen
respectievelyk, noch* aan die der
wederzydsche onderdanen met de
havens toebehorende aan inland-
sche Eegeringen.
Artikel V.
Hunne GrootBritannische en Ne-
derlandsche Majesteiten verbinden
zich, in gelyker voege, om krabht-
dadig bytedragen tot het beteugelen
der . zeerovery in die Zeeen. Zy
zullen geene schuilplaats of bes-
cherming verleenen aan vaartuigen
met welken Zeeroof bedreven
wordt, en zullen in geen geval,
veroorloven da^schepen of goederen,
doorzulke vaartuigen buitgemaakt,
in eenige van hunne bezittingen
ingevoerd," bewaard, of verkocht
worden.
Artikel VI.
Er is ovcreengekomen* dat door
beide Gouvernementen aan Hunne
Officieren en Agenten in Oost
Indie bevel zal worden gegeven om
geen* nieuw kantoor op een der
Oostersche Eilanden opterigten,
zonder voorafgaande magtiging van
hunne respeclieve Gouvernementen
in Europa.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
237
Article VII.
The Molucca Islands, and es-
pecially Amboyna, Banda, Tcr-
nate, and their immediate Depen-
dencies, are excepted from the
operation of the I., II., III., and
IV. Articles, until the Nether-
land Government shall think fit
to abandon the monopoly of
Spices ; but if the said Govern-
ment shall, at any time previous
to such abandonment of the
monopoly, allow the Subjects of
any Powef, other than a Native
Asiatic Power, to carry on any
Commercial Intercourse with the
said Islands, the Subjects of His
Britannick Majesty shall be ad-
mitted to such Intercourse, upon
a footing precisely similar.
Artikel VII.
Van de toepassing dcr Artikelen
MALAYAN
PENIN-
SULA.
No
I. II. III. en IV. worden de Moluk- lxxxiv,
sche Eilanden, en speciaal Ambon,
Banda, en Ternate, met derzelver
onmiddelyke onderhoorigheden, uit-
gezondcrd, tot tyd en wyle het Ne-
derlandsch Gouvqrnemcnt raad-
zaam oordeelcn zal van den allcen-
handel in Speceryen aftezien ;
mar zoo dit Gouvernement immer,
v66r zoodanige afschafling van den
alleenhandel, aan de onderdanen
van eenige Mogendheid, andcrs dan
een inlandschen Aziatischen Stoat,
veroorloovcn mogt eenig handels-
verkeer met die Eilanden te onder-
houden, zullen de onderdanen van
Zyne Britsche Majesteit op een
volstrekt gelyken voet tot zoodanig
verkeer worden toegelaten.
Article VIII.
His^etherland Majeafcy cedes
to His Britannick Majesty all His
Establishments on the Continent
of India ; and renounces all pri-
vileges and exemptions enjoyed
or claimed in virtue of those
Establishments.
Artikel VIII.
Zyne Majesteit de Koning der
Nederlanden staat aan Zyne Groot
Britannische Majesteit af, alle Zyne
Etablis semen ten op het vaste land
van Indie, en ziet van alle voorrejr-
ten en vrystellingen af, welke, ter
zake van doze etablissementen, ge-
notcn, of gereclaineerd geworden
zyn.
Article IX.
The Factory of Fort Marl-
borough, and all the English
Artikel IX.
De Factory van Fort Marlbo-
rough, en al de bezittingen van
240
TREATIES,. ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
MALAYAN ARTICLE XIV.
PENIN-
SULA * All the Inhabitants of the
lxxxiv. Territories hereby ceded, shall
enjoy, for a period of six years
from the date of the Ratification
of the present Treaty, the liberty
of disposing, as they please, of
their property, and of transport-
ing themselves, without let or
hindcrance, to any country to
which they may wish to remove.
Article XV.
The High Contracting Parties
agree that none of the Territo-
ries or Establishments mentioned
in Articles VIII., IX., X.,'XL,
and XII. shall be, at any time,
transferred to any other Power.
In case of any of the said Posses-
sions being abandoned by one of
the present Contracting Parties,
the right of occupation thereof
shall immediately pass to th£
other.
Artikel XIV.
Al de ingezetenen van de landen
by dezen afgestaan, zullen, gedu-
rende den tyd van zes jaren, te
rekenen van de Ratificatie van het
tegenwoordig Tractaat, de vryheid
hebben om, naar welgevallen, over
hun eigendom te beschikken, en
zich, zonder hinder of belet, te
begeven wer waarts zjr zullen goed-
vinden.
Artikej. XV.
De Hooge Contracterende Par-
tyen kom^n overeen, dat geen der
landen of etablissementen by Arti-
kelen VIIL. IX. X. XL en XII.
vermeld, immer aan eenige andere
Mogendheid zal mogen overgedragen
worden. In geval dat eenige dier
bezittingen door eene der thans
Contracterende Partyen verlaten
wordt, zullen hare regten tot dezelve
onmiddelyk op de andere JParty"
overgaan.
Article XVI.
It is agreed that all accounts
and reclamations arising out of
the restoration of Java, and other
Possessions, to the Officers of
His Netherland Majesty in the
East Indies, — as well those which
were the subject of a Convention
made at Java on the 24th of
June 1817, between the Commis-
Artikel.XVI.
Er is overecngekomen dat alle
rekeningcn of vorderingen voortge-
sprotcn uit de teruggave van Java
en andere etablissementen aan de
Officicrcn van Zyne Majesteit den
Koning der Nederlanden in Oost
Indie, zoo wel die welke het onder-
werp hebben uitgemaakt eener
Convcntie op Java, den 24 ,ten Juni
(
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
241
Commissioners of the Two Na-
tions, as all others, shall be
finally and completely closed
and satisfied, on the payment of
the sum of one hundred thous-
and pounds, .ster^ng money, to
• be made in London on the part
of the Netherlands, before the
expiration of the Year 1825.
1817, tusschen de Kommissarissen M ^J££A N
der beide Natien gesloten, als alle sula.
andere hoe ook genaamd, finaal, en lxxxiv.
ten voile afgedaan zullen zyn,
behoudens de betaling eencr som
van Honderd Duizend Ponden
Sterling van den kant der Neder-
landen, te bewerkstelligen in Lon-
don voor het einde van he* Jaar
1825.
Article XVII.
The present Treaty shall be
ratified, and the Ratifications
exchanged at London, within
Three Months from the date
hereof, or sooner if possible.
In witness whereof, the re-
spective Plenipotentiaries have
signed the same, and affixed
thereunto the Seals of their
Arms.
Done at London, the Seventeenth
d&y *f March , in the year of
Our Lord One Thousand Eight
Hundred and Twenty-four.
Artikel XVII.
** Het tegenwoordige Tractaat zal
worden geratificeerd, en de Ra-
tification zullen worden uitgewisseld
te London binnen drie maanden na
dato dezes,of eerder indicn mogelyk #
Ten oorkonden dezes hebberi de
respectieve Plenioptentiarissen deze
getekend en met het zegel hunner
wapenen bekrachtigd.
Aldus gedaan te London den zeven-
tienden Maart, in het jaar onzes
Heeren enn duizend acht honderd
en vier en twintig.
[L. S.] George Canning. [L. S] II. Fagel.
[L. S.] Charles Watkin Williams Wtnn. [L. S.] A. R. Falck.
Note addressed by the British Plenipotentiaries to the Plenipotentiaries of
the Netherlands.
In proceeding to the signature of .the Treaty which has been agreed
upon, the Plenipotentiaries of His Britannic^ Majesty have great
# u 2
"242 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
V £££ZP* satisfaction in recording their sense of the friendly and liberal spirit
FENIN- °
sula. which has been evinced by Their Excellencies the Plenipotentiaries of
lxxxiv ^ s Netherland Majesty ; and their conviction that there is, on both
sides, an equal disposition to carry into effect, with sincerity and good
faith, the Stipulations of the Treaty, in the sense in which they have
been negotiated.
The differences which gave rise to the present discussion are such
as it is difficult to adjust by formal Stipulation ; consisting, in great
part, of jealousies and suspicions, and arising out of the acts of subor-
dinate Agents, they can only be removed by a frank declaration x>f
intention, and a mutual understanding as to principles between the
Governments themselves.
The disavowal of the proceedings whereby the execution of the
Convention, of August 1814, was retarded, must have satisfied Their
Excellencies the Netherland Plenipotentiaries, of the scrupulous regard
with which England always fulfils her engagements.
The British Plenipotentiaries record, with sincere pleasure, the
solemn disavowal, on the part of the Netherland Government, of any
design to aim, either at political supremacy, or at commercial monopoly,
in the Eastern Archipelago. They willingly acknowledge the readi-
ness with which the Netherland Plenipotentiaries have entered into
Stipulations, calculated to promote the most perfect freedom of Trade
between the subjects of the Two Crowns, and their respective Depen-
dencies, in that part of the World.
The undersigned are authorized to express the full concurrence of
His Britannick Majesty, in the enlightened views of His Majesty the
King of the Netherlands.
Aware <?f the difficulty of adapting, at once, to a long established
system of monopoly, the principles of commercial policy which are now'
laid down, the undersigned have been authorized to consent to the
exception of the Molucca Islands from the general Stipulation for
freedom of Trade, contained in the Treaty. They trust, however,
that, as the necessity for this exception is occasioned solely by ^he
difficulty of abrogating, at the present moment, the monopoly of spices,
its operation will be strictly limited by that necessity.
The British Plenipotentiaries understand the term Moluccas, as
applicable to that cluster of Islands, which has Celebes to the
f
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 24*3
westward, New Guinea to the eastward, and Timor to the southward ; M p|^^ N
but that these three Islands are not comprehended in the exception : sula.
nor would it have included Ceram, if the situation of that Island, in lxxxiv.
reference to the two principal Spice Isles, Amboyna and Banda, had not
required a prohibition of intercourse with it, so long as the monopoly
of spices shall, be maintained.
The territorial exchanges which have been thought expedient for
avoiding a. collision of interests, render it incumbent upon the Plenipo-
z tentiaries of His Britannick Majesty to make, and to require, some
explanations with respect to the Dependents and Allies of England, in
the Island from which she is about to withdraw.
A Treaty concluded in the year 1819, by British Agents, with the
King of Acheen, is incompatible with the 3rd Article of the present
Treaty. The British Plenipotentiaries therefore undertake, that the
Treaty .with Acheen shall, as soon as possible, be modified into a simple
arrangement for the hospitable reception of British vessels and subjects
in the Port of Acheen. But as some of the provisions of that Treaty
(which has been communicated to the Netherland Plenipotentiaries,)
will be conducive to the general interests of Europeans established in
the Eastern &eas, they trust that the Netherland Government will take
measures for securing the benefit of those provisions. And they
express their confidence, that no measures, hostile to the King of
Acheen, will be adopted by the new Possessor of Fort Marlborough.
It is no less.the duty of the British Plenipotentiaries to recommend
to the friendly and paternal protection of the Netherland Government,
the interests of the natives and settlers, subject to the ancient Factory
of England at Bencoolen.
This appeal is the more necessary, because, so lately as the year
1818, Treaties were made with the Native Chiefs, by which their
situation was much improved. The system of forced cultivation and
delivery of pepper was abolished; encouragement was given to the
cultivation of rice ; the relations between the cultivating classes
and the Chiefs of the districts were adjusted ; the property in the
soil was recognized in those Chiefs ; and all interference in the detail-
ed management of the interior was withdrawn, by removing the
European residents from the out-stations, and substituting in their
:i'
234
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD8.
M PE\IN N t0 ^ e * 0Cft * I^g 11 ^ 0118 °f eacn
sula. Settlement
No.
LXXXIV.
Article IL
The Subjects and Vessels of
one Nation shall not pay, upon
importation or exportation, at the
Ports of the other in the Eastern
Seas, any Duty at a rate beyond
the double of that at which the
Subjects and Vessels of the Na-
tion to which the Port belongs,
are charged.
The Duties paid on exports or
imports at a British Port, on the
Continent of India, or in Ceylon,
on Dutch bottoms, shall be ar-
ranged so as, in no case, to be
charged at more than double the
amount of the duties paid by
British Subjects, and on British
bottoms. -
In regard to any article upon
which no Duty is imposed, when
imported or exported by the
Subjects, or on the Vessels, of
the Nation to which the Port
belongs, the Duty charged u]>on
the Subjects or Vessels of the
other shall, in no case, exceed
six per cent.
Article III.
The High Contracting Parties
engage, that no Treaty hereafter
zicK zullen gedragen overeenkom-
stig de plaatzelyke verordeningen
Tan elke bezitting.
Artikel II.
De onderdanen en schepen van de
eene Natie zullen, bjr den in-en nit-
voef in en van de havens der andere
in de Oostersche Zeeen, geene reg-
ten betalen hooger dan ten bedrage
van het dubbelde van die, waarmede
de onderdanen en schepen der Natie
aan welke de haven toebehoort,
belast zyn.
De regten voor den in-of uitvoer
met Nederlandsche bodems, in eene
Britsche haven, op het vaste land
van Indie, of op Ceylon, betaald
wordende zullen in dezer voege
worden gewyzigd, dat deswege, in
geen gcval, meer berekend worde
dan het dubbelde der regten door
Britsche onderdanen, en voor
Britsche bodems, te betalen.
Met bctrekking tot die artikelen
op welke geen regt gesteld is,
wanneer zy worden in-of uitgevoerd
door de onderdanen of in de schep-
pen der Natie aan welkp de haven
toebehoort zullen de regten aan de
onderdanen der andere opteleggSn,
in geen geval, meer bedragen dan
zes^ten honderd.
Artikel III.
De Ilooge Contracterende Par-
tyen beloven dat geen TrmcUat,
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
235
made by Either, with any Native
Power in the Eastern Seas, shall
contain any Article tending,
either expressly, or by the im-
position of unequal Duties, to
exclude the Trade of the other
Party from *the Ports of such
Native Power : and that if in
any Treaty now existing on
either Part, any Article to that
effect has been admitted, such
Article shall be abrogated upon
the conclusion of the present
Treaty.
voortaan door een derzelve met *££J:£Y T AN
PENIN-
SULA.
It is understood that, before
the conclusion of the present
Treaty, communication has been
made by each of the Contracting
Parties to the other, of all Trea-
ties or Engagements subsisting
between Each of tEem, respec-
tively, and any Native Power in
the Eastern Seas; and wthat the
like communication shall be made
of all such Treaties concluded by
Them, respectively, hereafter.
Article IV.
Their Britannick and Nether-
land Majesties engage to give
strict Orders, as well to Their
Civil and Military Authorities,
as to their Ships of War, to
respect the freedom of Trade,
eenigen Staat in de Oostersche
Zeeen te maken, eenig Artikel lxxxiv.
behelsen zal, strekkende, het zjr
regstreeks, het zy door oplegging,
van ongelyke regten, om den koop-
handel der andere Party van de
havens van zoodanigen inlandschen
Staat uittesluiten, en dat, by aldien
in eene der thans aan weerskanten
bestaande overeenkomsten, eenig
Artikel met die bedoeling is opge-
nomen geworden, zoodanig Artikel,
by het sluiten des tegenwoordigen
tractaats, buiten effect gesteld
word en zal.
Over en weder is verstaan dat,
v66r het sluiten van dit Tractaat,
door elke der Contracterende Par-
tyen aan de andere mededeeling is
gedaan van alle tractaten of ver-
bindtenissen tusschen dezelve res-
pectievelyk en eenige Inlandsche
Regering in de Oostersche Zeeen
•bestaande, en dat gelyke mededeel-
ing geschieden zal van al zoodanige
verbindtenissen, in het vervolg,
door dezelve respectievelyk aante-
gaan,
Artikel IV.
Hunne Groot Britannische en Ne-
derlandsche Majesteiten beloven
stellige bevelen te geven, zoo wel
aan hunne burgerlyke en militaire
beambten, als aan hunne oorlog-
schepen, om de vryheid van handel,
23G
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
No.
LXXXIV.
M «££X£ X established by Articles L, II.,
SULA. and III. ; and, in no case, to
impede a free communication of
the Natives in the Eastern Ar-
chipelago, with the Ports of the
Two Governments, respectively ,
or of the Subjects of the Two
Governments with the Ports
belonging to Native Powers.
by Art. I, II. en III. vastgesteld,
te eerbiedigen en, in geen geval,
hinder toetebrengen aan de ge-
meenschap der inboorlingen van
den Oostersche Archipel met de
havens der twee Gouvernementen
respectievelyk, noch* aan die der
wedcrzydsche onderdanen met de
havens toebehorende aan inland-
sche RegeringeiL
Article V.
Their Britannick and Nether-
land Majesties, in like manner,
engage to concur effectually in
repressing Piracy in those Seas :
They will not grant either asylum
or protection to Vessels engaged
in Piracy, and They will, in no
case, permit the Ships or mer-
chandize captured by such Ves-
sels, to be introduced, deposited,
or sold, in any of their Posses-
sions.
Article VI.
It is agreed that Orders shall
be given by the Two Govern-
ments to their Officers and
Agents in the East, not to form
any new Settlement on any of
the Islands in the Eastern Seas,
without previous Authority from
their respective Governments in
Europe.
Artikel V.
Hunne GrootBritannische en Ne-
derlandsche Majesteiten verbinden
zich, in gelyker voege, om krabht-
dadig bytedragen tot het beteugelen
der . zeerovery in die Zeeen. Zy
zullen geene schuilplaats of bea-
cherming verleenen aan vaartuigen
met welken Zeeroof bedreven
wordt, en zullen in geen geval,
veroorloven da^schepen of goederen,
doorzulke vaartuigen buitgemaakt,
in eenige van hunne bezittingen
ingevoerd," bewaard, of verkocht
worden.
Artikel VI.
Er is ovcreengekomen> dat door
beide Gouvernementen aan Hunne
Oflicieren en Agenten in Ooet
Indie bevel zal worden gegeven om
geen, nieuw kantoor op een der
Oostersche Eilanden opterigten,
zouder voorafgaande magtiging van
hunne respecticve Gouvernementen
in Europa.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
237
Article VII.
The Molucca Islands, and es-
pecially Amboyna, Banda, Ter-
nate, and their immediate Depen-
dencies, are excepted from the
operation of tjie I., II., III., and
IV. Articles, until the Nether-
land Government shall think fit
to abandon the monopoly of
Spices ; but if the said Govern-
ment shall, at any time previous
to such abandonment of the
monopoly, allow the Subjects of
any Powef, other than a Native
Asiatic Power, to carry on any
Commercial Intercourse with the
said Islands, the Subjects of His
Britannick Majesty shall be ad-
mitted to such Intercourse, upon
a footing precisely similar.
Artikel VII.
Van de toepassing der Artikelen
MALAYAN
PENIN-
SULA.
I. II. III. en IV. worden de Moluk- lxxxiv,
sche Eilanden, en speciaal Ambon,
Banda, en Ternate, met derzelver
onmiddelyke onderhoorigheden, uit-
gezonderd, tot tyd en wyle het Ne-
derlandsch Gouv^rnement raad-
zaam oordeelen zal van den alleen-
handel in Speceryen aftezien ;
mar zoo dit Gouvernement immer,
v66r zoodanige afschaffing van den
alleenhandel, aan de onderdanen
van eenige Mogendheid, anders dan
een inlandschen Aziatischten Staat,
veroorlooven mogt eenig handels-
verkeer met die Eilanden te onder-
houden, zullen de onderdanen van
Zyne Britsche Majesteit op een
volstrekt gelyken voet tot zoodanig
verkeer worden toegelaten.
Article VIII.
His^fetherland Majesty cedes
to His Britannick Majesty all His
Establishments on the Continent
of India ; and renounces all pri-
vileges and exemptions enjoyed
or claimed in virtue of those
Establishments.
Artikel VIII.
Zyne Majesteit de Koning der
Nederlanden staat aan Zyne Groot
Britannische Majesteit af, alle Zyne
Etablissementen op het vaste land
van Indie, en ziet van alle voorreg-
ten en vrystellingen af, welke, ter
zake van deze etablissementen, ge-
noten, of gereclameerd ge worden
zyn.
Article IX.
The Factory of Fort Marl-
borough, and all the English
Artikel IX.
De Factory van Fort Marlbo-
rough, en al de bezittingen van
I
238
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS; AND SUNNUDS.
No.
LXXXIV.
Malayan p g gess i ons n the Island of Su-
sula. matra, are hereby ceded to His
Netherland Majesty : and His
Britannick Majesty further en-
gages that no British Settlement
shall be formed on that Island,
nor any Treaty concluded by
British Authority, with any
Native Prince, Chief, or State
therein.
Article X.
The Town and Fort of Ma-
lacca, and its dependencies, are
hereby ceded to His Britannick
Majesty ; and His Netherland
Majesty engages, for Himself
and His Subjects, never to form
any Establishment on any part
of the Peninsula of Malacca, or
to conclude any Treaty with any
Native Prince, Chief, or State
therein.
Article XL
His Britannick Majesty with-
draws the objections which have
been made to the occupation of
the Island of Billiton and its de-
pendencies, by the Agents of the
Netherland Government.
Article XII.
His Netherland Majesty with-
draws the objections which have
Groot Britanje op het Eiland Su-
matra, worden by dezen afgeataan
aan Zyne Majesteit den Koning der
Nederlanden, en Zyne Groot Bri-
tannische Majesteit beloofd, dat op
dat Eiland geen Britsch kantoor zal
worden opgerigt, nodi eenig Tracts
aat onder Britsch gezag gesloten
met eenigen der iulandsche voraten,
opperhoofden, of staten op hetzelve
gevestigd.
Artikel X.
De stad en vesting van Malakka
met derzelver onderhoorigheden
worden by dezen afgestaan aan
Zyne Groot Britannische Majesteit,
en Zyne Majesteit de Koning der
Nederlanden belooft, voor zich en
voor Zyne onderdanen, nimmer op
eenig gedeelte van het Schiereiland
van Malakka een kantoor te zullen
oprigten, of Tractaten te zullen
sluiten met eenigen der inlandsche
vorsten, o£ staten, op dat Schierei-
land gevestigd.
Artikel XL
Zyne Groot Britannische Majes-
teit ziet af van alle vertoogen tegen
het bezetten van het Eiland Billiton
en deszelfs onderhoorigheden door
de Agenten van het Nederlandsch
Goufernement.
Artikel XII.
Zyne Majesteit de Koning der
Nederlanden ziet af van alle vcrto
/
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
239
been made to the occupation of
the Island of Singapore, by the
Subjects of His Britannick
Majesty.
His Britannick Majesty, how-
ever, engages, that no British Es-
tablishment snail be made on the
Carimon Isles, or on the Islands
of Battam, Bintang, Lingin, or
on any of the other Islands South
of the Straights of Singapore,
nor any Treaty concluded by
British Authority with the
Chiefs of those Islands.
No.
LXXXIV.
gen tegen het bezetten. van hetMXjJMtii
Eiland Sinkapoer door de onderda- sula.
nen van Zyne Groot Britannische
Majesteit.
Daarentegen belooft Zyne Groot
Britannische Majesteit dat geen
Britsch kantoor zal worden opgerigt
op de Carimons Eilanden, of op de
Eilanden Battam, Bintang, Lingin,
of op eenig der anderen Eilanden
liggende ten zuiden van straat Sin-
kapoer, en dat met derzelver opper-
hoofden geene Tractaten onder
Britsch gezag gesloten zullen wor-
den.
Article XIII.
All the Colonies, Possessions,
and Establishments which are
ceded by the preceding Articles
shall be delivered up to the
Officers of the respective So-
vereigns on the 1st of March
1825. m The Fortifications shall
remain in the state in which they
shall be at the period of the no-
tification of this Treaty in India ;
but no claim shall be made, on
either side, for ordnance, or
stores of any description, either
left or removed by the ceding
power, nor for any arrears of
revenue, or any charge of admi-
nistration whatever.
Artikel XIII.
Al de Kolonien, bezittingen, en
etablissementen, die, by de voren-
staande Artikelen worden afgestaan,
zullen aan de officieren der respec-
tieve Souvereinen overgegeven wor-
den op den l ,ten> Maart 1825. De
Vestingen zullen blyven in den toe-
stand in welke zy zich zullen bevin-
den ten tyde van het bekend wor-
den des tegenwoordigen Tractaats in
Indie, doch geene vordering zal,noch
aan de eene noch aan de andere zyde,
geschieden, ter zake, het zy van
geschut of behoeften van eenigen
aard, door de afstaande Mogendheid
of achtergelaten of medegenomen,
het zy van achterstallige inkomsten,
of van lasten van het bestuur, hoe
ook genaamd.
240
TREATIES,. ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
MALAYAN ARTICLE XIV.
PENIN-
SU t LA - All the Inhabitants of the
lxxxiv. Territories hereby ceded, shall
enjoy, for a period of six years
from the date of the Ratification
of the present Treaty, the liberty
of disposing, as they please, of
their property, and of transport-
ing themselves, without let or
hinderance, to any country to
which they may wish to remove.
Article XV.
The High Contracting Parties
agree that none of the Territo-
ries or Establishments mentioned
in Articles VIII., IX., X.,*XI.,
and XII. shall be, at any time,
transferred to any other Power.
In case of any of the said Posses-
sions being abandoned by one of
the present Contracting Parties,
the right of occupation thereof
shall immediately pass to th<?
other.
Article XVI.
It is agreed that all accounts
and reclamations arising out of
the restoration of Java, and other
Possessions, to the Officers of
His Nctherland Majesty in the
East Indies, — as well those which
were the subject of a Convention
made at Java on the 24th of
June 1817, between the Commis-
Artikel XIV.
Al de ingezetenen van de landen
by dezen afgestaan, zullen, gedn-
rende den tyd van zes jaren, te
rekenen van de Ratificatie van het
tegenwoordig Tractaat, de vrjrheid
hebben om, naar welgevallen, over
hun eigendom te beschikken, en
zich, zouder hinder of belet, te
begeven wer waajrts zy zullen goed-
vinden.
Artikel XV.
De Hooge Contracterende Par-
ty en korn^n overeen, dat geen der
landen of etablissementen by Arti-
kelen VIII.. IX. X. XL en XIL
vermeld, immer aan eenige andere
Mogendheid zal mogen overgedragen
worden. In geval dat eenige dier
bezittingen door eene der thans
Contracterende Partyen verlaten
wordt, zullen hare regten tot dezelve
onmiddelyk op de andere JParty"
ovcrgaan.
Artikel.XVI.
Er is overecngekomen dat alle
rekeningen of vorderingen voortge-
sproten uit de teruggave van Java
en andere etablissementen aan de
Officicren van Zjhie Majesteit den
Koninvr der Nederlanden in Ooat
Indie, zoo wel die welke het ondcr-
werp hebben uitgemaakt eener
Conventie op Java, den 24 •*•" Jum
{
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
241
Commissioners of the Two Na-
tions, as all others, shall be
finally and completely closed
and satisfied, on the payment of
the sum of one hundred thous-
and pounds, .stei^ng money, to
be made in London on the part
of the Netherlands, before the
expiration of the Year 1825.
1817, tusschen de Kommissarissen M ^^^ N
der beide Natien gesloten, als alle sula.
andere hoe ook genaamd, finaal, en i^xxiv,
ten voile afgedaan zullen zyn,
behoudens de betaling eener som
van Honderd Duizend Pondeit
Sterling van den kant der Neder-
landen, te bewerkstelligen in Lon-
don voor het einde van het Jaar
1825.
Article XVII.
The present Treaty shall be
ratified, and the Ratifications
exchanged at London, within
Three Months from the date
hereof, or sooner if possible.
In witness whereof, the re-
spective Plenipotentiaries have
signed the same, and affixed
thereunto the Seals of their
Arms.
Done at London, the Seventeenth
day &f March, in the year of
Our Lord One Thousand Eight
Hundred and Twenty-four.
Artikel XVII.
>» Het tegenwoordige Tractaat zal
worden geratificeerd, en de Ra-
tificatien zullen worden uitgewisseld
te London binnen drie maanden na
dato dezes,of eerder indien mogelyk #
Ten oorkonden dezes hebberi de
respectieve Plenioptentiarissen deze
getekend en met het zegel hunner
wapenen bekrachtigd.
Aldus gedaan te London den zeven-
tienden Maart, in het jaar onzes
Heeren cnn duizend acht honderd
en vier en twintig.
[L. S.] George Canning. [L. S] II. Fagel.
[L, S.] Charles Watkin Williams Wynn. [L. S.] A. R. Falck.
Note addressed by the British Plenipotentiaries to the Plenipotentiaries of
the Netherlands.
In proceeding to the signature of .the Treaty which has been agreed
upon, the Plenipotentiaries of His Britannick, Majesty have great
*h 2
24-2 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
W ^£££ N satisfaction in recording their sense of the friendly and liberal spirit
PENIN- ° ...
sula. which has been evinced by Their Excellencies the Plenipotentiaries of
lxxxiv ^ 8 Netherland Majesty ; and their conviction that there is, on both
sides, an equal disposition to carry into effect, with sincerity and good
faith, the Stipulations of the Treaty, in the sense in which they have
been negotiated.
The differences which gave rise to the present discussion are such
as it is difficult to adjust by formal Stipulation ; consisting, in great
part, of jealousies and suspicions, and arising out of the acts of subor-
dinate Agents, they can only be removed by a frank declaration x>f
intention, and a mutual understanding as to principles between the
Governments themselves.
The disavowal of the proceedings whereby the execution of the
Convention, of August 1814, was retarded, must have satisfied Their
Excellencies the Netherland Plenipotentiaries, of the scrupulous regard
with which England always fulfils her engagements.
The British Plenipotentiaries record, with sincere pleasure, the
solemn disavowal, on the part of the Netherland Government, of any
design to aim, either at political supremacy, or at commercial monopoly,
in the Eastern Archipelago. They willingly acknowledge the readi-
ness with which the Netherland Plenipotentiaries have entered into
Stipulations, calculated to promote the most perfect freedom of Trade
between the subjects of the Two Crowns, and their respective Depen-
dencies, in that part of the World.
The undersigned are authorized to express the full concurrence of
His Britannick Majesty, in the enlightened views of His Majesty the
King of the Netherlands.
Aware pf the difficulty of adapting, at once, to a long established
system of monopoly, the principles of commercial policy which are now
laid down, the undersigned have been authorized to consent to the
exception of the Molucca Islands from the general Stipulation for
freedom of Trade, contained in the Treaty. They trust, however,
that, as the necessity for this exception is occasioned solely by ^he
difficulty of abrogating, at the present moment, the monopoly of spicee,
its operation will be strictly limited by that necessity.
The British Plenipotentiaries understand the term Moluccas, as
applicable to that cluster of Islands, which has Celebes to the
{
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS'. 243
westward, New Guinea to the eastward, and Timor to the southward ; M p|^^ M
but that these three Islands are not comprehended in the exception : SULA -
nor would it have included Ceram, if the situation of that Island, in lxxxiV.
reference to the two principal Spice Isles, Amboyna and Banda, had not
required a prohibition of intercourse with it, so long as the monopoly
of spices shall* be maintained.
The territorial exchanges which have been thought expedient for
avoiding a. collision of interests, render it incumbent upon the Plenipo-
/ tentiaries of His Britannick Majesty to make, and to require, some
explanations with respect to the Dependents and Allies of England, in
the Island from which she is about to withdraw.
A Treaty concluded in the year 1819, by British Agents, with the
King of Acheen, is incompatible with the 3rd Article of the present
Treaty. The British Plenipotentiaries therefore undertake, that the
Treaty with Acheen shall, as soon as possible, be modified into a simple
arrangement for the hospitable reception of British vessels and subjects
in the Port of Acheen. But as some of the provisions of that Treaty y
(which has been communicated to the Netherland Plenipotentiaries,)
will be conducive to the general interests of Europeans established in
the Eastern £>eas, they trust that the Netherland Government will take
measures for securing the benefit of those provisions. And they
express their confidence, that no measures, hostile to the King of
Acheen, will be adopted by the new Possessor of Fort Marlborough.
It is no less.the duty of the British Plenipotentiaries to recommend
to the friendly and paternal protection of the Netherland Government,
the interests of the natives and settlers, subject to the ancient Factory
of England at Bencoolen.
This appeal is the more necessary, because, so lately as the year
1818, Treaties were made with the Native Chiefs, by which their
situation was much improved. The system of forced cultivation and
delivery of pepper was abolished; encouragement was given to the
cultivation of ripe ; the relations between the cultivating classes
and the Chiefs of the districts were adjusted ; the property in the
soil wa9 recognized in those Chiefs ; and all interference in the detail-
ed management of the interior was withdrawn, by removing the
European residents from the out-stations, and substituting in their
I
244 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
M PENi^ N room nat * ve officers. All these measures were calculated greatly to
SULA - promote the interests of the native inhabitants.
No
lxxxiv. In recommending these interests to the care of the Netherland Go-
vernment, the undersigned request the Plenipotentiaries of His Nether-
land Majesty to assure their Government, that a corresponding atten-
tion will be paid, on the part of the British Authorities, to the
inhabitants of Malacca, and the other Netherland Settlements which
are transferred to Great Britain.
In conclusion, the Plenipotentiaries of His Britannick Majesty con-
gratulate Their Excellencies the Netherland Plenipotentiaries, upon the
happy termination of their Conferences. They feel assured, that,
under the arrangement which is now" concluded, the commerce of both
nations will flourish, and that the Two Allies will preserve inviolate
in Asia, no less than in Europe, the friendship which has, from old times,
subsisted between them. The disputes being now ended, which, during
two centuries, have occasionally produced irritation, there will hence-
forward be no rivalry between the English and the Dutch nations in the
East, except for the more effectual establishment of those principles of
liberal policy which both have this day asserted in the face of the World.
The undersigned request Their Excellencies the Plenipotentiaries
of His Netherland Majesty will accept the assurances of their distin-
guished consideration.
(Signed) George Canning.
Charles VFatkin Williams Wjnn.
London, March 17, 1824.
Reply of the Netherland Plenipotentiaries to the Note of the Puemipotbi-
ti aries of Great Britain.
Les Soussignes, Plenipotentiaires de Sa Majeste Le Roi des Pays-
Bas, out trouve, dans la Note qui vieut de leur etre remise par Lours
Excellences Messieurs les Plenipotenthiires 13ritanui<[iies, un r£sum6
fiddle des communications, qui avaient eu lieu a lepoque ou descircon-
Btances, independantes de la volonte des ncgociateurs, amen£rent la
suspension de leurs conferences.
i
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNN CDS. 24s5
Appellee & reprendre un travail dont l'achfcvement a toujours 6te M pj^X^ N
desire" de part et d'autre avec une egale sincSrite, les Soussignes n'ont sula.
pas tard£ a reconnaitre dans leurs Collaborateurs, cet esprit d'equite et lxjlxiv.
de conciliation, qui facilite l'arrangement des questions les plus compli-
quees, et auquel ils ne peuvent rendre hommage dans un moment plus
opportun que celui, qui va sanctionner, par la signature d'un Traite
formel, les dispositions adoptees aprfes le plus mur examen, comme
eminemment utiles pour le maintien de la bonne intelligence, meme
entre le* Agens inf£rieurs des Puissances Contractantes.
Ce but essential, cette tendance principale du Trak£, sont palpables
pour tous ceux qui en lisent avec attention les defFerens Articles. Ce
qui s'y* trouve expressement stipule, semble devoir suffire pour lever,
d'uh commun accord, toute incertitude, qui pourrait se presenter par
la suite. Cependant, comme Messieurs les Plenipotentiaires Britan-
niques ont cru devoir entrer dans quelques details ulterieurs, les
Soussignes, qui, de leur cot6, sentent l'importance de ne rien donner •
au hasard, dans une mati&re aussi interessante, ne fontaucune difficulte
de les suivre dans ces details, et de completter, par le developpement b
succinct de leur mani&re de voir, la reponse, due par eux, a la susdite
Note de Leurs Excellences.
L'Article* VII. renferme une exception au principe general de la
liberte du Commerce. La necessity de cette exception, deja admise
par 1' Angle terre dans les conferences de 1820, repose sur l'existence
du syst^me relatif au Commerce exclusif des epiceries. Si les de-
liberations du Gouverrfement des Pays-Bas conduisent a Tabandon
de ce systfime, aussitot le Commerce libre reprend ses droits, et tout
cet Archipel, qui a ete fort justement ddcrit comme* compris entre
Celebes, Timor et la Nouvelle Guinee, est ouvert a toutes les specula-
tions legitimes, sur le pied a etablir par les ordonnances locales, et,
pour ce qui concerne en particulier les sujets de Sa Majeste Brit-
annique, conformement aux basses consacrees par le Traite pour toutes
les possessions Asiatiques des deux Parties Contractantes.
Par contre, aussi long-tem^ que l'exception, dont il s'agit, reste en
vigueur, les navires qui traversent les Moluques, doivent s'abstenir de
relacher, dans d'autres Ports que ceux dont la designation a 6t6
officiellement communique aux Puissances maritimes il y a quelques
f
24Q TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD&
Malayan annees ; sauf les cas de d£tresse pour lesquels il est superflu d'ajouter,
sula. qu'ils trouveront, dans tous les endroits ou flotte le Pavilion dee Pays-
t v!v, w Bas, les services et les sScours dus a l'humanite* souffrante.
Si le Gouvernement de la Grande Bretagne ppnse qu'il 7 a an
avantage r6el pour lui a ce qu'en se degageant, d'apres les principes
consacres par le Traits qui va etre sign6, * des liaisons que ses Agens
form&rent, il 7 a quatre ou cinq ans, dans le Itoyaume d'Acheen, il
assure, par quelque stipulation nouvelle, l'accueil hospitaiier gles Su-
jets et Yaisseaux Britanniques dans les Ports de ce Royaume, — lea
Soussign^s n'hesitent pas k declarer que, de leur c6t£, ils n'7 voyent
aucun inconvenient ; et ils croyent pouvoir assurer, en m&me terns,
que leur Gouvernement s'appliquera, sans delai, k r£gulariser ses rap-
ports avec Acheen, de maniere que cet Etat, sans rien perdre de son
ind£pendance, offre au Navigateur et au Commer9ant cette constante
fi6curit£, qui semble ne pouvoir 7 etre 6tablie, que par l'exercioe
• • modeVe d'une influence Europfienne.
A Pappui des informations contenues dans la dernidre Note de
Messieures les Plenipotentiaries Britanniques, au sujet de Bencoolen,
Leurs Excellences ont communique aux soussignes les deux Conven-
tions respectivement signees le 23 Mai* et le 4 Juillet de 1818, d'an
cote* par le Lieutenant-Gouverneur de cet 6tablissenrent, et de
l'autre par les Chefs de quelques tribus voisines. On leur a aussi fait
part d'une depSche du Gctaverneur-G6n6rai en Conseil, dat£e de Fort
William 9 le 9 Mai 1623, et d'apres laquelle l'adminstration Britannique-a
aboli au Fort Marlborough le monopole du pbivre, encourage* la cul-
ture du riz, et place* sur un pied stable et uniforme, les rapports des
diff&rentes classes de Natifs, tant entre elles, qu'avec leur chefs. Or;
pour autant que les Soussignes ne se trompent point en supposant, qae
le but de ces arrangcmens a 6t6 d'assurer la prosperity agricole de la
Colonie, et d'ecarter les vexations qui re^ultent sou vent du contact
jmm6diat de la papulation indigene avec les autorites subalternes d'une
adminstration £trangere, ils eprouvent une grande satisfaction & dire,
que loin d'avoir a reMouter des mesur^s r£troactives, les individus
int^ress^s k l'ordre actuel des choses peuvent, au contraire, nourrir
Tespoir, que le nouveau Gouvernement aura £gard & leurs droits acquis, et
4 leur bien 6tre ; et, ce que les Soussignes aiment surtout & garantir,
I
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SDNNUDS. 247
il fera observer les Articles des Conventions d&k mentionn£es, sur la MALAYAN*
J PENIN-
foi desquels les habitans de Pazummah, Ulu Manna, et d'autres peu- SULA.
plades de l'int^rieur ont r6connu l'autorit6, ou accepte la protection *^ v
de la Compagnie des Indes Britanniques, sauf toutefois* la faculty d'y
substituer, du plein gr£ des parties int6ress£es, d'autres cbnditions
analogues, si les circonstances venaient k rendre un changement
necessaire.
Quant aux dispositions 6quitables et bienveillantes du Gouvernement
Britannique envers les habitans de Malacca, et des autres 6tablis-
semens Hollandois, c6d6s par le Traits, les P16nipotentiaires de Sa
Majesty le Boi des Pays-Bas, en acceptent l'assurance avec une con-
fiance illimit£e ; et ce meme sentiment les porte k ne pas insister,
pour que les instructions et ordres, qui seront adressfe aux
Autorit6s Anglaises dans l'Inde, r&ativement k la remise du Fort
Afarlboroughy et de ses d^pendances, soyent con^s en des termes
tellement clairs, pr6cis, et positifs, qu'on n'y puisse trouver aucun
motif d'incertitude, ni aucun pretexte de d^lai ; car ils sont persuades
que Messieurs les P16nipotentiaires Britanniques, aprds avoir apport£
tant de moderation et de loyaut£ k l'accomplissement de leur tache
sauront veiller k ce que le r&ultat des travaux communs ne soit pas
compromis par £gard pour des int6r&ts subordonn6s, et des consider-
ations s6condaires. Ce r£sultat, Messieurs les Pl£nipotentiaires Bri-
tanniques Pont d£crit eux-memes dans le# derntere Note, et il ne
reste aux Soussign^s qu'& se ftSliciter d'y avoir concouru, et & joindre
leurs voeux k ceux de LSurs Excellences, pour que les Agens respect-
ifs dans les Possesions Asiatiques, se montrent toujours p6n6tr6s du
sentiment des devoirs, que deux Nations, amies et anim£es de vuea
vraiment liberates ont k v$ mplir, tant Tune k regard de l'autre, que vis
k vis des indigenes, que le cours des 6venemens ou les trails ont places
sous leur influence.
Les Soussign6s saisissent avec empressement cette occasion de renou-
veller k Leurs Excellences Messieurs les Pl£nipotentiaires Britanni-
ques l'assurance de leur consideration la plus distinguSe.
(SignS) H. Fagel.
„ A. R. Falck.*
Londres, U 11 Mars 1824. •
218 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
MALAYAN (TRANSLATION.)
PENTN-
_JL ULA ' The Undersigned, Plenipotentiaries of His Majesty The King of
LXXXiv. the Netherlands, have found in the Note, which is just delivered to
them by Their Excellencies the British Plenipotentiaries, a faithful
recapitulation of the communications which had taken place at the
time, when circumstances, independent of the will of the Negotiators,
caused a suspension of their conferences.
Summoned to resume a work, the completion of which has ever been
desired with equal sincerity by both Parties, the Undersigned have
not failed to recognize in their Co-labourers in this work, that spirit of
equity and conciliation, which facilitates the arrangement of the most
complicated questions, and to lyKich they cannot do justice at a time
more fitting than that which is about to sanction, by the signature of a
formal Treaty, the Resolutions, adopted after a most strict examination,
as eminently useful for the maintenance of & good understanding, ev£n
among the inferior Agents of the Contracting Powers.
This essential aim and principal tendency of the Treaty is evident to
all who read its different Articles with attention. What is therein ex-
pressly stipulated ought to suffice for the removal, by common consent,
of all uncertainty which might present itself in the sequel. However,
as the British Plenipotentiaries have considered it necessary to enter
into some further details, the Undersigned, who, on their part, are sen-
sible of the importance ot leaving nothing doubtful in sti important a
matter, have no difficulty in following them through these .details,
and in supplying, by a concise display of their view of the subject,
the answer which is due from them to the aforesaid Note of Their
Excellencies.
The 7th Article contains an exception to* the general principle of
liberty of commerce. The necessity of that exception, already admit-
ted by England in the Conferences of 1820, rests upon the existence of
the system which respects the exclusive Trade in Spice. Should the
determinations of the Government of the Netherlands lead to the aban-
donment of that system, the rights of *free trade will be immediately
restored, and the whole of that Archipelago, which has been very justly
described as comprised between Celebes, Timor, and New Guinea, will
be open to all lawful speculations, on the footing to be established by
local Ordinances, and, so far as particularly concerns the Subjects of
J
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 249
His Britannick Majesty, in conformity with the grounds sanctioned by ^l/^us^
the Treaty for all the Asiatic possessions of the Two Contracting 8ULA »
Powers. . Lxxxiv.
On the other hand, so long as the exception in question remains in
force, the Ships which traverse the Moluccas must refrain from touch-
ing at any forts but those whereof the description has been officially
communicated to the Maritime Powers some years back; except in
cases of distress, in which it is superfluous to add, that they will find
in all places, where the Flag of the Netherlands may be flying, those
good offices and succours which are due to suffering humanity.
If the Government of Great Britain conceives it to be a real
advantage, that by disengaging itself, according to the principle
sanctioned by the Treaty 1 which is about to be signed, from the con-
nections which were formed by its Agents four or five years ago, in
the Kingdom of Acheen, it secures, by some new clause, the hospitable
reception of British Vessels and Subjects in the ports of that Kingdom ;
the Undersigned hesitate not to declare, that, on their part, they do
not see any difficulty in it, and conceive that they may assert at the
same time, that their Government will apply itself, without delay,
to regulate its relations with Acheen, in such a manner that that
State, without losing any thing of its independence, may offer both
to the sailor and the merchant that constant security which
can only be established by the moderate exercise of European
influence.
In supp6rt of the information contained in the last Note of the
British Plenipotentiaries on the subject of Bencoolen, Their Excellen-
cies have communicated to the Undersigned the two Conventions
respectively signed on the 23rd of May and the 4th of July 1818, by
the Lieutenant-Governor of that Establishment* on the one side, and
by the Chiefs of some neighbouring Tribes on the other. They have
likewise communicated a Despatch of the Governor-General in Council,
dated Fort William, the 9th of May 1823, and according to which the
British Government has abolished at Fort Marlborough the monopoly
of Pepper ; encouraged the cultivation of Ric6 ; an 1 placed on a firm
and uniform footing the relations of the different classes of Natives, as
well among themselves, as with their Chiefs. But inasmuch as the
Undersigned are not wrong in supposing that th*e object of these
• I 2
<
250
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNKUDS.
No.
LXXXIV.
M pf\t\^ N arran g emen * 8 has been the security of the agricultural prosperity of the
sula. Colony, and the removal of the vexations which often result from the
immediate contact Qf the Native population with the subordinate Au-
thorities of a Foreign Government, they experience great satisfaction
in saying, that, far from having cause to dread retroactive measures,
the individuals interested in the existing order of things may, on the
contrary, cherish the hope that the new Government will respect their
acquired rights, and their welfare ; and, what the Undersigned are above
all things desirous to guarantee, that it will cause the Articles of the
above-mentioned Conventions to be observed, on the faith of which the
Inhabitants of Pasummah, Ulu Manna, and the other Colonists in the
interior, have recognized the authority, or accepted the protection, of the
British East India Company ; saving, however, the power of substitut-
ing, with the full consent of the Parties interested, other analogous
conditions, if circumstances should render a change necessary.
With respect to the equitable and benign intentions of the British
Government towards the Inhabitants of Malacca, and the other Dutch
Establishments ceded by the Treaty, the Plenipotentiaries of His Ma-
jesty The King of the Netherlands accept the assurance thereof with
unlimited confidence ; and the same sentiment prevents them from
insisting that the orders and instructions which shall be addressed to
the English Authorities in India, relative to the surrender of Fort
Marlborough, and its dependencies, should be conceived in such clear,
precise, and positive terms, that no* cause of uncertainty, or any pretext
for delay, may be discovered in them : — being persuaded that the Bri-
tish Plenipotentiaries, after having accomplished their labours with bo
much moderation and equity, will take care that the result of their
common Exertions be not compromised by any regar d to subordinate
interests and secondary considerations. This result the British Pleni-
potentiaries themselves have described in their last Note, and it only
remains for the Undersigned to congratulate themselves on having
contributed thereto, and to unite their wishes with those of Their
Excellencies, that their respective Agents in their Asiatic Possessions
may ever show themselves sensible of the duties, which Two Friendly
Nations, animated with truly liberal views, have to fulfil, both with
reference to each other, and also towards the Natives whom the course.
of events or Treaties have placed under their influence.
T
J
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 25?
The Undersigned avail themselves of this opportunity of renewing to M ^^J^
Their Excellencies, the British Plenipotentiaries, the assurance of SULA,
their most distinguished consideration. LXXXV.
(Signed^ H. Fagel.
„ A. R. Falck.
London, March 17, 1824.
No. LXXXV.
TREATY WITrf NANING.
Treaty entered into in 1801, by the British Resident at Malacca, Ltedtenant-
Colonel Taylor, wkh the Panghulu of Naning.
Articles and Conditions dictated by Lieutenant-Colonel Aldwell.
Taylor, Governor and Commandant of Malacca, for and in behalf
of the Honourable the Governor of Fort St. George, with Rajah
Mera, Captain Panghulu, &c, called Dholl Syed; and Lela Uluh
Baling and Monland Hakim, called the late Orangkayo ; Kechil,
called Musih ; and Menobonjonkaya, called Konchil ; and Maharajah
Ankaia, called Sumuna ; and Mulahna Garan, Ministers and Chiefs
of Naning, and the circumjacent villages, who have solemnly accepted
and 8 worn to the following Articles : —
Article 1.
The said Captain, or Panghulu, Ministers, and Chiefs, promise
and swear, in the name and in behalf of the whole community ^ff
Naning, to be faithful and submissive to the above-mentioned the
Honourable the Governor in Council of Fort Saint George, likewise
the Governor and Commandant of this Town and Fortress, and all
Commandants that are, or m&y hereafter be, appointed under them,
and, moreover, will do their utmost to conduct themselves in all cases
with obedience to the British Authority, as is required of all dutiful
subjects, without conjointly or severally attempting any hostile
I
4
252
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNKUD&
Malayan measure against the said Governor, either directly or indirectly, and
si; la. the following Articles shall be solemnly and strictly observed, and
~~ » all other contracts and covenants that have been previously passed
with another nation to the prejudice of the British be annulled.
Article 2.
In case any persons at Naning, children of the Menankabans and
Malays, shall violate the contents of this Contract, or shall be
disobedient to the Governor or his Officers, the Panghulu and Chiefs
shall, at the demand of the Governor, deliver them up to be punished
as they deserve.
AeTticle 3.
The Panghulu, Chiefs, and inhabitants of Naning, Menankabans,
as well as Malays, are bound to deliver one-tenth of the produce
of their rice and all fruits to the East India Company ; but, in
consideration of their indigent circumstances, the said Company has
resolved that the Panghulu shall come in person, every year, or cause
one of his Chiefs to come to Malacca, in order to pay their homage
to the Company, and, as a token of their submission, they shall
present to the Company from the first fruits of the crop one-half
coyan of paddy (400 gantangs.)
•
Article 4.
a
The inhabitants of Naning, when quitting the country, in order
to proceed to Malacca, shall produce to the Shah Bunder a written
permission from the Panghulu, signed and sealed with his seal ; and
likewise all persons who may wish to proceed from Malacca to Naning,
are directed to produce to the authority there similar documents,
signed (by order of the Government) by the Shah Bunder, otherwise
both parties shall be obliged to send such persons back ; but, when
provided with the required Certificates, they will be permitted to
reside at Naning and adjacent villages, antl to seek the means of liveli-
hood by agricultural pursuits, in planting betel, &c, provided they
adhere and conform to the customs and usages of the place in the
manner as the other inhabitants.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
253
Article 5.
The Panghulu and Chiefs promise, that all the tin brought from
Srimenanti, Sungie-ujong, Rambow, and other places in these districts
to Naning, shall be immediately sent and delivered to the Company,
for which they shall receive 44 Rix Dollars in cash, for every bhar
of 300 catties payable in Surat Rupees.
Article 6.
They also promise to deliver the pepper of Naning and the
adjacent districts, when any great quantity is £o be had, to the
Company, at the price of 12 Rix Dollars per bhar.
Article 7.
. The Panghulu, Chiefs, and the people of Naning shall have no
authority to negociate or traffic with any inland nation, but shall
bring their goods down the river of Malacca, making use, under no
pretext whatever, of any other passage of conveyance, nor holding
any communication with any such inland nation, in the River Panagie,
on pain of forfeiting their lives and property.
Article 8.
The Panghulu and Chiefs promise, in the name of the said Commu-
nity of Naning, that whenever the Chief Rulers happen to resign the
Government, or any misfortune befal them, they shall, in such case,
propose one of the neafest and most qualified of his family, to the
Governor of Malacca, for his successor ; but it is not to be expected
that such a proposal must always meet the Governor's approbation ; on
the contrary it is optional with him whom he thinks proper to appoint.
Article 9.
Any slaves belonging either to the Honourable Company, or the
inhabitants of Malacca, that may take shelter in Naning, or the circum-
jacent villages or places, the panghulu, Chiefs, and inhabitants (none
excepted) shall bind themselves to apprehend and immediately send to
. Town such fugitives, that the same may be delivered to their masters,
a nd a demand of 10 Rix Dollars, and not more, as a reward, shall be
exacted from the owners. •
MALAYAN
PENIN-
SULA.
No!
LXXXV.
*
254 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD9.
MALAYAN ARTICLE 10.
PENIN-
SULA- . Any male "or female slaves, that may be enticed away from Naning
lxxxv. to come to Malacca, in order to embrace the Christian faith, the
proprietor of such a slave shall receive, as compensation, one-half
the amount of the price of the slave, according to the appraisement
of the Committee which the Government shall appoint. «
Article 11.
But any person who sells any Christian slaves or freemen of
Malacca to a Mussulman or Heathen, either with their own consent, or
seduced, or carried away by force from their masters, more especially
those who induce such Christian slaves or freemen to -be circumcised,
or use violence to. persuade them* to become Mahomedans, shall forfeit
their lives and property.
Article 12.
And that the contents of the said Articles may be inviolably observed,
the Panghulu and Chiefs promise and swear, in the "name of the
whole multitude, that they will immediately restore and deliver to the
Honourable the Governor aH such runaway slaves that are in Naning
or other places.
Article 13.
Lastly the Panghulu and Chiefs promise and swear on the Koran,
in the name of the community of Naning, that they will in *ev<ery
respect solemnly observe and maintain the orders set forth in these
Articles, and do bind themselves to deliver up any transgressors of the
said orders to the said East India Company, in order that
punishment may be inflicted on such persons.
Eor the due fulfilment of what has been herein promised and
agreed, I have hereunto set my usual signature.
Done and sworn in the Town and Fortress of Malacca, \6th of July
1801.
(Signed) A. Taylor.
Sworn to by the Panghulu and Chiefs of Naning. We, Captain or*
Panghulu and Chiefs, promise and swear, as well for ourselves as in the
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 255
name and behalf of the Community of Naning, to be faithful and sin- Malayan
cere to the Governor in Council of Fort Saint Gebrge, the Governor sula.
and Commandant of Malacca, and all Commanders that are. or may No.
LXXXVI.
hereafter be appointed under them, and furthermore to be punctual
and strict in observing their orders and commands, that have, or may
hereafter be issued, and in conducting ourselves in future, towards the
East India Company, in such a manner as is required of all dutiful
and faithful subjects and vassals.
Signed by marks by Dholl Syed, Belal Moren, Kantjuil,
SOEMOEN, and XfoULANA GUNAlfc
No. LXXXVI.
EASTERN ARCHIPELAGO— QUEDAH.
Agreement with the King op Quedah, for the cession of Prince of Wales'
Island, in 1786.
Conditions required by the King Replies of the Governor- General
of Quedah. and Council to the King of Que-
4 • dah's demands.
Article 1.
That the Honourable Company This Government will always
shall be guardian of the seas ; keep an armed vessel stationed to
and whatever enemy may come to guard the Island of Penang, and
attack the King, shall be an enemy the coast adjacent, belonging to the
to the Honourable Company, King of Quedah.
and the expense shall be borne
by the Honourable Company.
Article 2.
•
All vessels, junks, prows, small All vessels, upder every denomi-
and large, coming from either nation, bound to the port of Quedah,
«
«
256
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
*^™X^ N east or west, and bound to the
PENIN- '
sula. port of Quedah, shall not be stop-
lxxxvi. P e< * or hindered by the Honoura-
ble Company's Agent, but left
to their own wills, either to buy
and sell with us, or with the
Company at Pulo Penang, as
they shall think proper.
shall not b$ interrupted by the Ho-
nourable Company's Agent, or any
person acting for the Company, or
under their authority, but left
entirely to their own free will,
# either to trade with the King of
Quedah, or with the agents or sub-
jects of the Honourable Company.
Article 3.
The articles opium, tin, and
rattans, being part of our reve-
nue, are prohibited ; and Qualla?
Mooda, Pray, and Krean, places
where these articles are pro-
duced, being so near to Penang,
that when the Honourable Com-
pany's Resident remains there,
this prohibition will be constantly
broke through, therefore it should
end, and the Governor-General
allow us our profits on these
articles, viz. 30,000 Spanish
Dollars every year.
Article 4.
The Governor-General and Coun-
cil, on the part of the English East
India Company, will take care that
the King of Quedah shall not be a
sufferer by an English settlement
being formed on the Island of
Penang.
4
In case the Honourable Com-
pany's Agent gives credit to any
of the King's relations, ministers,
officers, or ryotts, the Agent
shajl make no tlaim upon the
King.
The Agent of the Honourable
Company, or any person residing
on the Island of Penang, under the
Company's protection, shall not
make claims upon the King of Que-
dah for debts incurred by the Bang's
relations, ministers, officers, or
ryotte ; but the persons having de-
mands upon any of the King's sub-
jects, shall have power to seize the
persons and property of those in-
debted to them, according to the
custom and usages of that country.
TBEATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD8.
257
Article 5.
MALAYAN
PENIN-
SULA.
F
Any man in this country,
without exception, be it our son
or brother, who shall become an
enemy to us, shall then become
an* enemy to the Honourable
Company ; nor shall the Honour-
able Company's Agent protect
them, without breach of this
Treaty, which is to remain while
Sun and Moon endure.
Article 6.
No.
All persons residing in the coun- lxxxvil
try ^belonging to the King of
Quedah, who shall become his ene-
mies,, or commit capital offences
against the State, shall not be
protected by the English.
If any enemy come to attack
us by land, and we require assist-
ance from the Honourable Com-
pany, of men, arms, or ammuni-
tion, the Honourable Company
will supply us at our expense.
This Article will be referred for
the orders of the English East In-
dia Company, together with such
parts of the King of Quedah's
requests as cannot be complied with
previous to their consent being
obtained.
%
4
. No. LXXXVIL
Tebatt with the King of Quedah, 1791.
In the ffegira of our Prophet, 1205,, year Dalakir, on the 16th of
Moon Sabail* on the day Ahat.
Whereas, on this date, this writing, showeth that the
Governor of Pulo Penang,* vakeel of the English
Company, concluded peace and friendship with His
Highness, Enjpetuan of Quedah, and all his great
Seal of Toon-
koo Sheriff
Mahomed.
officers and royats of the two countries, to live in peace by sea and
* JPrince of Wales' Island.
K 2
^i'xiL 1 *^ ii^Tiil, V* <v,ntimn* as* lon-r art die $12:1 and lluoa si-ve Iirfm: lie
QtwIaH, *ix r.i-.onAanri rjcan-iaii Dollar* *T*-nr v*ar. fcr as Ian>y as tie
Kr.i;il.*'- *I*.^. ^v.itir*:-!.* m possesion ot* P;il*> Penang,
AftTT-'Lt 2.
Hi* II;v!- 4 -e** Emv^tnaa agrees uiart all tri>& of
*w*; o? I ■ /*> p?o?>Iotia, w\c i +.&\ :vi- Palo Peaang, due «&Zps of «ar,
i"/-l .*.",'" "' * :v ' **'** C-orri-.a-Vi *r.I:.i», maT I* fcoas&s ac Qrcedah,
wiv.ont isip^Irfcea:, or V.eir.g *utj£c* to any Doty.
A&TriLE 2.
A!I *U?** rnnr.ir.sj f/om Q'-ift'Lh to Palo Pcnang, or finom Palo
Vvr&a% to Qa^/iAh, *KaI1 h* return*! to th~:r **-ner*.
A&TKLE 4.
All p*rv>n* in 'leht ninning from their creditors,
h*ai of fjy^ Q'iS'IaK to Pulo Penary, or from Polo Penang
,*. ; v> i£i»d&h y i! t.v:y 'io not pay their debts, their
y.r*/)T\* *nall he "driver*! over to their creditors.
ASTKLE 5.
T?i<i Errij^iuan wiil not allow European* of any other nation to
w,vi«s in any part of th;» country.
?*al of Article 6.
r.\**'jit jj jC Company shall not receive anv persons
:vip<:nrU<;r,df;rit. . . ' - - *
committing high treason or rebellion to Empetuan.
Article V.
All persona committing murder, running from Quedah to Palo
Pfriianp, or from Pulo Penang to Quedah, shall be apprehended and
returned in bond*.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
259
Article 8.
All persons stealing chops (forgery) to be given up likewise.
Article 9.
All persons, enemies to the English Company, Empetuan shall not
supply them with provisions.
These nine Articles are settled and concluded, and peace is made
between Empetuan and the English Company ; Quedah and Pulo
Penang shall be as one country.
This done and completed by Toonkoo Sheriff Mahomed, and Toon
koo Allong Abraham, and Datoo Pongawa Tilebone, vakeels on the
part of Empetuan, and given to the Governor of Pulo Penang, vakeel
for the English Company. In this Agreement, whoever departs from
any part herein written, God will punish and destroy : to him there
shall be no health.
The seals of Sheriff Mahomed and Toonkoo Allong Abraham, and
Datoo Pongawa Tilebone, are put to this writing, with each person's
hand-writing.
•
Transcribed by Hakim Bunder, Poolong Penang.
Signed, sealed, and executed, in Fort Cornwallis, on Prince of
Wales' Island, this 1st day of May, in the year of our Lord 1.791.
(A true translation)
4 (Signed) F. Light.
MALAYAN
PENIN-
SULA.
No,
LXXXVI1.
260
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNOD&
MALAYAN .
PENIN-
SU LA.
No!
LXXXVIIL
No. LXXXVIII.
Treaty with the King qf Quedah, 1802.
Seal of Yeng
de Per Tuan
Rajah Mooda.
Seal of
Datoo
Bindahara.
In the year of the Hegira of the Prophet (the peace of the Moat
High God be upon him) 1215, the year Hun, on the
twelfth day of the Moon Mohurrum, on the day
Aaorbare (Wednesday), whereas this day, this writing
showeth, that Sir George Leith, Baronet, Lieutenant-
Governor of Pulo Penang,* on the part of the English
Company, has agreed on and concluded a Treaty of
friendship and alliance with His Highness Yeng de Per
Tuan Rajah Mooda of Purlies and Quedah, and all his
Officers of State and Chiefs of the two countries, to
continue on sea and land, as long as the Sun and Moon
retain their motion and splendour : the Articles of which Treaty are
as follow : —
Seal of
Che Ngan
Abdoola.
Article 1.
A
The English Company are to pay annually to His Highness Yeng
de Per Tuan of Purlies and Quedah, ten thousand Dollars* as long as
the English shall continue in possession of Pulo. Penang, and the
country on the opposite coast hereafter mentioned.
Article 2.
His Highness Yeng de Per Tuan agrees to give to the English
Company, for ever, all that .part of the sea-coast that is between
Qualla Kurreean and the river side of *Qualla Mooda, and measuring
inland from the sea side sixty Orlongs ; the whole length above-
* Prince of Wales' Island.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 261
mentioned to be measured by people appointed by Yeng de Per Tuan M p^^^
and the Company's people. The English Company are to protect sula.
this coast from all enemies, robbers, and pirates that may attack T ;tyy vtti.
it by sea, from north to south.
Article 3.
His Highness Yeng de Per Tuan agrees, that all kinds of provisions
wanted for Pulo Penang, the ships of war and the Company's ships,
may be bought at Purlies and Quedah, without impediment or being
subject to any Duty or Custom; and all boats going from Pulo Penang
to Purlies and Quedah, for the purpose of purchasing provisions, are
to be furnished with proper passports for that purpose, to prevent
impositions.
Article 4.
All slaves running away from Purlies and Quedah to Pulo Penang,
or from Pulo Penang, to Purlies and Quedah, shall be returned to their
owners.
Article 5.
All debtors running from their creditors from Purlies and Quedah to
Pulo Penang, or from Pulo Penang to Purlies and Quedah, if they do
not pay their debts, their persons shall be delivered up to their
creditors.
Article 6.
His Highness Yeng de Per Tuan shall not permit Europeans of
any other nation to settle in any part of his dominions.
Article 7.
The Company are not to receive any such people as may be proved
to have committed rebellion or high treason against Yeng de Per
Tuan.
Article 8.
All persons guilty of murder, running from Purlies and Quedah to
Pulo Penang, or from Pulo Penang to Purlies and Quedah, shall be
apprehended and returned in bonds.
• •
262 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS,
M £™£F ' Article 9.
^ u _!_ All persons stealing chops (forgery) to be given up likewise.
No.
lxxxviii.
Article 10.
All those who are, or may become enemies to the Company, Yeng
de Per Tuan shall not assist with provisions.
Article 11.
All persons belonging to Yens de Per Tuan, bringing the produce
of the country down the river, are u^t to be molested or impeded by the
• Company's people.
Article 12.
Such articles as Yeng de Per Tuan may stand in need of from Pulo
Penang are to be procured by the Company's agents, and the amount
to be deducted from the gratuity.
Article 13.
As soon as possible, after the ratification of this Treaty, the arrears
of gratuity now due, agreeable to the former Treaty and Agreement to
His Highness Yeng de Per Tuan of Purlies and Quedah, to be paid off.
Article 14.
On the ratification of this Treaty, all former Treaties and Agreements
between the two Governments to be null and void.
These fourteen Articles being settled and concluded between His
Highness Yeng de Per Tuan and the English Company, the countries
of Purlies and Quedah and Pulo Penaug shall be as one country ; and
whoever shall depart or deviate from any part of this Agreement, God
will punish and destroy him : he shall not prosper.
This done and completed, and two Treaties, of the same tenor and
date, interchangeably given between His Highness Yeng de Per Tuan
and the Governor of Pulo Penang, and sealed with the seals of the
State Officers immediately officiating under His Highness Yeng de Per
Tuan, in order to prevent disputes hereafter.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 263
Written by Hakim Ebrahim Eben (son of Sirree Rajah Mooda), by M p™X^ N
order of His Highness Yeng de Per Tuan, of exalted dignity, su la.
(A true translation ) lxxxix.
(Signed) J. Swaine,
M. T.
Seal of
Hakim
Ebrahim.
Revised from the original by John Anderson, Malay Translator to
Government.
Approved and confirmed by the* Governor-General in Council,
November, 1802.
No. LXXXIX.
Treaty with Perak, 1818.
Treaty of Commercial Alliance between the Honourable English
East India Company and His Majesty the Hajah of Perak, settled by
Mr. Walter Sewell Cracroft, in virtue of powers delegated to him by the
Honourable John Alexander Bannerman, Governor of Prince of Wales'
Island and its dependencies.
Done on the 27 th Hamad Ian, 1233, answering to the evening of the
30th July 1818.
Article I.
The peace and friendship now subsisting between the Honourable
English East India Company and His Majesty the Rajah of Perak,
shall be perpetual.
Article II.
The vessels and merchandize belonging to British subjects, or
persons being under the protection of the Honourable East India
• •
264 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUKKUD&
MALAYAN Company, shall always enjoy in the ports and dominions subject to His
slla^ Majesty the Rajah of Perak, all the privileges and advantages which
lxxx' are now, or may at any time hereafter be, granted to the subjects of
the most favored nations.
Article 3.
The vessels and merchandize belonging to the subjects of His Majesty
the Rajah of Perak shall always receive similar advantages and privi-
leges with those in the preceding Article, as long as they are in the
harbour of Fort Cornwallis and in all other places dependent ou the
British Government of Prince of Wales' Island.
Article 4.
His Majesty of Perak agrees that he will not renew any obsolete
and interrupted Treaties with other nations, public bodies, or individuals,
the provisions of which may, in any degree, tend to exclude or obstruct
the trade of British subjects, who further shall not be burthened with
any impositions or Duties not levied on the subjects of other States.
Article 5.
His Majesty the Rajah of Perak further engages, that he will, upon
no pretence whatsoever, grant a monopoly of any articles of trade or
commodities, the produce of his territories, to any person or persons,
European, American, or natives of any other fcountry, but that fie will
allow British subjects to come and buy all ^orts of merchandize,
the same as other people.
Article 6.
The Honourable East India Company engage, that they will not form
any Treaties or Engagements which may exclude or obstruct the mer-
chandize of the subjects of the Rajah of Perak who come to trade at
Pcnang, nor will they grant a monopoly of any sort of merchandize
to one description of persons only, as is specified in the 5th Article, but
will allow the natives of Perak to come and buy all sorts of merchan-
dize, the same as other people.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 265
Article 7. M £I£XP
PENIN-
His Majfesty the Rajah of Perak engages, that if any persons bring SULA<
_^ No
subjects of the Company from Penang and its dependencies for sale, lxxxix.
he will not allow of their sale in the country of Perak,. and the Ho-
nourable Company will be bound by a similar Agreement with respect
to the subjects of Perak, for the laws of England on no account allow
of such proceedings in any of the • countries subject to the British
authority.
Article 8.
This Treaty, according to the foregoing Articles, is made for the
purpose of promoting the peace and^friendship of the two States, and
securing the liberty of commerce and navigation between their respec-
tive subjects to the mutual advantage of both, and of it one draft is
retained by His Majesty the Rajah of Perak, and one by Mr. Walter
Sewell Cracroft, Agent of the Honourable the Governor of Penang.
To this is affixed the seal of His Majesty the Rajah of Perak, to ratify
it to the Honourable English East India Company, so that no disputes
may hereafter arise concerning it, but that it may be permanent and
last for ever.
(True copy)
(Signed) J. W. Salmond,
Resident Councillor, Prince of Wales' Island.
i
' L 2
S
266 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
MALAYAN No. XO.
PENIN-
SULA.
No. XC. Translation of an Engagement of His Majesty Paduka Ski Sultan Abdullah
Ma- Alum Shah, who is seated on the Royal Throne of the Pre*k Country, given
to Mr. John Anderson, Agent to the Honourable Robert Fdllerton, Governor
of Pulo Penang, on behalf of the Honourable English East India Compact,
as a token of a lasting alliance and friendship, which can never be r-hanged so long
as the Sun and Moon shall endure, in order that friendship and union may be pro-
longed, and continue from this day forth for ever
Article 1.
His Majesty the King of Perak hereby agrees to fix the boundary
between the States of Perak and Salcngore at the River Burnam, and
there shall be no encroachment on either side ; and His Majesty engages
not to interfere in the Government of Salengore, nor will he send any
armament into that country; the subjects of Perak, however, being
permitted to proceed thither for commercial purposes, conforming to the
established rules and customs of other traders there frequenting.
Article 2.
With respect to the Agreement entered into between His Majesty
^he King of Salengore and Mr. John Anderson, Agent to the Honour-
able Robert Fullerton, Governor of Pulo Penang, providing for the
removal of Rajah Hassan from the Perak Country and its dependencies,
the King of Perak is well pleased with this Agreement, and he engages
not to receive Rajah Hassan, nor permit him to return to any part of
the Perak territory. His Majesty the King of Perak also engages
that he will not grant a monopoly or entrust the collection of the
revenues in future to any other, in order that there may be no further -
disturbances in the country, and he has hereby fixed the Duty on the
tin exported from the Perak Country, at 6 Dollars per behar, in order
that the commerce of the kingdom may be thrown open and extended ;
that population may be increased ; that all traders may be encouraged
» to resort to Perak, such as the subjects of^the English Government, the
Siamese, Salengore, and others, and that they may be enabled to carry
on an intercourse with case and satisfaction, and be at liberty to resort
to all the posts, settlements, and rivers within the State, to trade with-
out any interruption for ever.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND ST7NNDDS.
267
This Engagement is hereby made, and to it is.affixed, as a token of M pb&TJP*
its validity, the chop of His Majesty the King of Perak, and it is SULA.
delivered to Mr. John Anderson, Agent to the Honourable Robert No# X0L
FuUerton, Governor of Pulo Penang.
This paper, written on the 6th day of September 1825, of the English
year, and on* the 20th day of Mohurrum, Monday, in the year of the
Hegira, 1241.
(True copy)
(Signed) J. W. Salmond,
Resident Councillor, Prince of Wales 9 Island.
Chop of Sultan
Abdullah Ma- Alum Shah,
King of Perak.
Chop of the Rajah
Muda of Perak.
Chop of the Rajah
Bindahara of Perak.
Chop of the Orang Kaya
BeW of Perak.
No. XCI.
Engagement of Paduka Sbi Sultan Abdullah Ma-
Alum Shah, son of the deceased Jummal-oollah, and
Supreme Ruler over the Perak Country, made and
delivered to Captain James Low, Agent of the
Honourable Robert Fullebton, Governor in Council
of Prince of Wales* Island, Singapore, and Malacca,
and which is to be everlasting, as the revolutions and
endurance of the Sun and Moon.
Chop of the Orang Kara
^oop ox me urang Aava The SultaD > wh ° S ™™ 8 th . e wh ° le ° f the
Tumungung Sri Paduka Perak Country and its dependencies, has this day,
Rajah*
in the month and year herein specified, given
over and ceded to the Honourable the East India Company of England,
to be under its government henceforward and for ever, the Pulo Dind-
ing and the Islands of Pankgor, together with all and every one of
the Islands which belonged of old and until this period to the Kings
of Perak, and which have been hitherto included within the Perak
State, because the said Islands afford safe abodes to the pirates and
robbers, who plunder and molest the traders on the coast and the
inhabitants of the main land, &c, effectually deprive them of the
means of seeking subsistence, and as the Kinff of Perak has not the
268 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
Malayan powdr or means singly to drive those pirates. For these reasons the
sula. King of Perak has, of his own free will and pleasure, ceded and
No. xcn. given over as aforesaid, the Islands as aforesaid, to the Honourable
the East India Company, to be kept and governed by them, and fb be
placed under any one of their governments, as they may think fit.
To this deed, as tokens of its validity, have this day bgen put the
great seal ore hop of the /uler of the Perak Country, Paduka Sir
Sultan Abdullah Ma- Alum Shah, together with the chops of the Chief
Ministers of His Majesty's government.
This Deed is made and written this Sixteenth day of Rubbea-ool-awal,
Wednesday, 1242, or the Eighteenth day of October, in the year 1826.
(A trufe copy)
(Signed) James Low, Captain,
Political Agent to the Honourable the Governor in Council
of Prince of Wales' Island.
(True copy)
(Signed) J. Garling,
Resident Councillor.
No.' XCII.
Engagement entered into betwixt His Majesty Paduka
Sri Sultan Abdullah Ma- Alum Shah ibun Mubhoom The Chop or Seal of
Jummal-oollah, Supreme and Rightful Ruler over the King of Perak.
all and every part of the Perak Country, and Captain Chop of the Rajah Mods.
James Low, Agent to the Honourable Robert Ful- p, f th TV d*hftr*.
lerton, Governor of Pulo Penang, Singapore and
Malacca, on behalf of the Honourable the East India _ Chop of the
. , Orang Knva Bcsar.
Company, whereof copies have been interchanged, and Chop of the IWungung.
* which is to be everlasting as the Sun and Moon. Morc-
k * over, it is a token of lasting friendship and alliance to exist betwixt the Honourable
the East India Company and the King of Perak, and betwixt the King and the
Honourable Robert Fullerton. 4
Article First. — His Majesty the King of " Perat, of his own free
will and pleasure, hereby engages, that he will adhere to the stipulations
respecting the boundaries of Perak and the settlement of other points
which were made with the Rajah] of Salengore by Mr. John Ander-
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
269
son, Agent to the Honourable Robert Fullerton, Governor of Pulo Malayan
PENIN-
Penang,* &c., and alsoto all the stipulations contained in the Engagement sula.
Hegira which, His Majesty made with the said Mr. John Anderson, N* XCII »
dated the 20th' day of Mohurrum, Monday, in the year of the
1241, all of which deeds are here declared to be fixed and unalterable.
Moreover, His Majesty now engages that he will not hold any commu-
nication or intercourse with the Rajah of Siam, or with any of his
chiefs or vassals, or with the Rajah of Salengore, or any of his chiefs
or vassals, which may or can have reference to political subjects, or
to the administration of his government and the management of his
country of Perak. His Majesty will not countenance any of his subjects
who may connect thfemselves with, or league, or intrigue with the
Siamese King, or with any of his chiefs* or vassals, or with the Rajah of
Salengore, or any of his chiefs or vassals, or with any other Siamese or
Malayan people, by which the country of Perak can in any degree or
manner be disturbed, and the government of HisMajesty interfered with.
Second. — His Majesty the King of Perak will not give or present
the bungamas, or any other species of tribute whatever, to the Rajah
or King of Siam, or to any of his governors or vassals, nor will he #
give or present such to the Rajah of Salengore, or to any other Siamese
or Malayan people henceforward and for ever. Moreover, His Majesty
will not receive or permit to enter into his country of Perak, from the
Rajah or King of Siam, or from any of his governors or chiefs, any
ambassadors or armaments arriving at Perak for the purpose of arrang-
ing political matters, dr interfering in any way in the affairs and
administration of the country of Perak. In like manner he will not
receive into his country embassies or armaments sent by the Rajah of
Salengore, or by any other Siamese or Malayan people ; nor will he
receive any party from any of the people, Rajahs, or countries here
specified into his country, should its strength even consist of no more
than thirty men, nor will he allow the least number to enter his country.
But all persons of every country will, as heretofore, have free permission
to trade unmolested to any poyt in the Perak Country, provided they do
not interfere in its affairs. Should parties or armaments of the descrip-
tion above stated arrive in the Perak Country from any one of the
countries, or Rajahs, Governors, or Chiefs, or people above specified, or
should any of the said Rajahs, Governors, or Chiefs league with subjects
of the King of Perak, in order to disturb his country and interfere
270 TBEATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNOTDS.
Malayan in any way in his government, then in any such case or cases His
sula. Majesty will rely, as he now relies, and in all future times will rely
No. xcii. 0Q the friendly aid and protection of the Honourable the East India
Company, and of the Houourable the Governor in 'Council of Pulo
Penang, &c, &c, to be manifested in such a manner and by such
means as may to them seem most expedient.
Third. — Captain James Low, as Agent for the Honourable the
Governor in Council of Prince of Wales' Island, engages that if His
Majesty the King of Perak will faithfully adhere to and perform all and
each of the stipulations contained in this Engagement as above specified,
then His Majesty shall receive the assistance of the British in expel-
ling from his country any Siamese or Malays as above stated, who, as
also above specified, may, at any time, enter the Perak Country with
political views, or for the purpose of interfering in any way with the
government of His Majesty. But if His Majesty shall fail to perform
all and every Article of this his Engagement, binding on him, then the
obligation on the British to protect him and to assist him against his
enemies will cease, and he will lose the confidence and friendship of the
Honourable the Governor in Council of Pulo Penang, &c, &c, for ever.
This Engagement, which His Majesty has voluntarily and with
great satisfaction entered into, has received as mark of its validity the
chop or seal of His Majesty, and the seal and signature of the Agent*
Captain James Low, together with the chops of the ministers of
Perak, who are also parties in this Engagement with the Agent, and it
is delivered to the said Agent to remain as an - ever-enduring memorial
of alliance and friendship betwixt the Bang of Perak and the British.
This paper, written on the Eighteenth dag of October 1826, of the
English gear, and on the Sixteenth dag of Rubbea-ool-awl, Wednesday,
in the gear of the Ilegira 1242.
Signature of the Agent, Captain James Low.
(A true copy)
(Signed)' James Low, Captain,
Seal of \ Political Agent.
the Honourable / A ^ cop n
Company. J
(Signed) J. Garlixg,
Resident Councillor,
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD3. 271
N0# XCIII. MALAYAN
% PENIN-
STTLAl
Supplementaby Engagements of the Rajah of Perak, contained in a letter
addressed by His Majesty to the Agent, Captain James Low.
After compliments — He who governs Perak, Paduka Sri Sultan
The Chop of His Ma- Abdullah Ma-Alum Shah, desires to make known
jesty Paduka Srf Sultan x i_ • .r • j r^ a • t -r *
Ma-Alum Shah, King of to his iriend, Captain James Low, Agent to
Perak * the Honourable Robert Fullerton, Governor in
Council of Prince of Wales' Island, Malacca, and Singapore, with
relation to the subjects on which ' His Majesty and the Agent have
already conferred :
First — That His Majesty will come down the river to stay at
Kotah-loomoot, where he will build 8, Port of proper strength, and
assign a competent number of soldiers for its protection and his own,
in order that all enemies and pirates may be kept at a distance, and
these men will be well armed, and will be maintained by His Majesty
as a standing force, # to be at all times ready for defence, and to obey
his orders ; and for the temporary accommodation of any British Officer
who may be sent to visit him, His Majesty will direct that a small
house be built opposite to his own residence.
Second. — His Majesty will keep a prow always ready to convey
information of importance to Pulo Penang, and will further, without
delay, take measures for opening a communication overland, betwixt
the Perak River and the Krean River, and thence to Pulo Penang.
Third. — The Luksamatia and th,e Shabunder will be forthwith sent
down to reside at Quala Bidor, at the spot where Rajah Hussan
formerly posted himself, and these two persons will, by His Majesty's
orders, erect a Fort there, and will collect the population and settle the
country in that direction, and those persons trading at Perak will be
encouraged and protected, according to ancient custom.
Fourth. — His Majesty will speedily seize or expel the head officers
now residing at Koraw, at Laroot, at Trong, at Singkang, and at Bru-
was, who may have connected themselves with pirates or robbers,
and will give warning to the people there, that should they let pirates
or robbers remain amongst them, and should any English come there
from Penang in search of pirates, the innocent might in that case suffer
with the guilty. •
Fifth. — All traders to fill parts of Perak will be cherished by his
"Majesty, and their traffic will not be delayed, but every means will be
272 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
Malayan afforded for a speedy settlement of accounts betwixt buyer and seller.
PENIN- . .
sula. and his Majesty will coerce any of his subjects, or others, should their
No. xcin. conduct require harsh measures, to come to a speedy settlement of
ace ounts with traders to Perak, and to prevent their distressing such
in any way.
Sixth. — His Majesty the King of Perak will drive out of his country
any person convicted of having carried off clandestinely, or by force
from any British possession, any subject of, or person living under
the British Government, and should any person so carried off be dis-
covered, His Majesty will detain that person and give information to
the Honourable the Governor of Pulo Penang, in order that such
mischievous practices may be wholly prevented.
Seventh. — When the oountry has again got settled, His Majesty will
direct his people to sow abundance of rice, gram, and rear as much
poultry and as many cattle as possible, in order that his people and
those residing under the British Government, may receive mutual
advantage.
Eighth. — His Majesty intends to appoint, and will appoint, a properly
qualified person to superintend the collection of Duties on exports, such
as tin and other merchandize.
Should* any trader, a subject of His Majesty, arrive at a British port,
and not be able to show a port clearance, the same will be forfeited
according to custom.
Ninth. — His Majesty wishes to establish schools in this country, and
will be happy should his friend, Captain James Low, assist Kim by
sending a well-skilled school-master from Pulo Penang, and should His
Majesty send any child or children to Pulo Penang to be educated in
all the requisite branches of knowledge, he hopes that such child or
children will be favorably received end treated.
All these things His Majesty agrees to with the greatest satisfaction.
This paper, dated the 23rd day of the month Rubbea-ool-awal, on
Wednesday, on the 25th day of October, in the year 1826.
(A true translation of copy)
(Signed) James Low, Captain,
Political Agent
• (True copy)
. ' (Signed) J. Garling,
Resident Councillor.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 273
No. XCIV.
«
SALENGORE.
Treaty of Commercial Alliance between the Honourable English East India
Compant and His Majesty the Rajah of Salengore, settled by Mr* Walter
Sewell Cracroft, in virtue of powers delegated to him by the Honourable John
Alexander Bannerman, Governor of Prince of Wales' Island and its depen-
dencies. Done on the 20th Shawal 1233 (answering to the evening of the 22nd
August 1818).
Article 1.
The peace and friendship now subsisting between the Honourable
English East India Company and His # Majesty the Rajah of Salengore
shall be perpetual
Article 2.
The vessels and merchandize belonging to British subjects, or per-
sons being under the protection of the Honourable East India Company,
shall always enjoy in the ports and dominions subject to His Majesty,
the Rajah of Salengore, all the privileges and advantages which are
now, or may at any time hereafter be, granted to the subjects of the
most favoured nations.
Article 3.
Thg vessels and merchandize belonging to the subjects of his Majesty
the Rajah of Salengore, shall always receive similar advantages and
privileges with those in the preceding Article, as long as they are in the
harbour of Fort Cornwallis, and in all other places dependent on the
British government of Prince of Wales' Island.
•
Article 4.
His Majesty of Salengore agrees that he will not renew any obsolete
and interrupted treaties with other nations, public bodies, or individuals,
the provisions of which may, in any degree, tend to exclude or
obstruct the trade of British subjects, who further shall not be bur-
thened with any impositions or Duties not levied on the subjects of
other States.
k 2
MALAYAN
PENIN-
SULA.
No. XCIV.
274 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNFUD&
MALAYAN ARTICLE 5.
PENIN-
SULA * His Majesty the Rajah of Salengore further engages, that he will
' upon no pretence whatsoever, grant a monopoly of any articles of trade
or commodities, the produce of his territories, to any person or persons,
Europd&n, American, or natives of any other country, but that he will
allow British subjects to come aud buy all sorts of merchandize the
same as other people.
Article 6.
•
The Honourable East India Company engage* that they will not
form any treaties or engagements which may exclude or obstruct the
merchandize of the subjects of the Rajah of Salengore, who come to
trade at Penang, nor will they grant a monopoly of any sort o*
merchandize to one description of persons J>nly, as is specified in the
5th Article, but will allow the natives of Salengore to come and buy
all sorts of merchandize the same as other people.
m
m
Article 7.
His Majesty the Rajah of Salengore engages that if any person
bring subjects of the Company from Penang and its dependencies for
sale, he will not allow of their sale in the Country of Salengore, and
the Honourable Company will be bound by a similar Agreement with
respect to the subjects of Salengore, for {the laws of England on no
account allow of such proceedings in any of the countries subject to
the British authority. ^
Article 8.
This Treaty, according to the foregoing Articles, is made for the pur-
pose of promoting the peace and friendship of the two States, and se-
curing the liberty of commerce and navigation between their respective
subjects, to the mutual advantage of both, and of it one draft- is
retained by His Majesty the llajah of Salengore, and one by Mr,
Walter Sewell Cracroft, Agent of the Honourable the Governor" of
Penang. To this is affixed seal of His Majesty the liajah of Salengore
to ratify it to the Honourable English East India Company, so that no
. TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 275
disputes may hereafter arise concerning it, but that it may be perma- ^p^J^
nent and last for ever. sula.
(A true copy)
(Signed) J. W. Salmond,
Resident Councillor, Prince of Wales' Idand.
No. XCV.
» +•<
No. XCV.
An Agreement of Peace and friendship between the Honourable East India
Company and Sri Sultan Iqrahim Shah, King of Salengore, settled by
Mr. «Iphn Anderson, in yirtue- of powers delegated to him by the Honeur-
able Robert Fullerton, Governor of Pulo Penang and its dependencies.
Done at the Fort of Sa'engore, on the 5th day of Mohurrum, in the year
of the Hijirat 1241, or 20th day of August, A. D. 1825.
Article 1.
Whereas the relations of peace and friendship have subsisted for a
length of time between the Honourable East India Company and His
Majesty the King of Salengore, and were confirmed by a Treaty of
commercial alliance, consisting of eight Articles, concluded by Mr.
Walter Sewell Cracroft, on the 20th day of the month Shawal, in the
ye^r of the Hijirat 1233, or the 23rd day of August, A. D. 1818, for
the purpose- of facilitating the commercial intercourse between the two
States, it is now agreed between His Majesty the King of Salengore,
and Mr. John Anderson, as Agent to the Honourable Robert Fullerton,
Governor of Pulo* Penang, to confirm the said Treaty, which will
remain unchanged for ever.
Article 2. * 9
His Majesty of Salengore • engages with the Honourable Robert
Fullerton, Governor of Pulo Penang, that from the date of this
Engagement, and for the time to come, the established boundary
between the States of Perak and Salengore shall be the River
No. XCV.
276 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD6.
^kAYAN Bernam, and no armament by land or sea from Salengore shall enter
SULA. any part of the Perak territory or its dependencies, nor shall His
Majesty of Salengore interfere in the government of the Perak
Country, for it is hereby restored to the King} of Perak, provided,
however, that prows from Salengore shall be at liberty to proceed to
Perak for the purpose of commerce, conforming to the rules and
customs of other traders resorting thither.
Article 3.
His Majesty of Salengore engages to direct the immediate removal
from the Perak territory of Rajah Hassan, who is now established
at Sungee Bidor; and His Majesty of Salengore further engages
that he will not permit Rajah Hassan to return thither, nor to
interfere in any way with the government of the Perak Country,
and also that Rajah Hassan shall be prohibited from carrying away
any people from that country, or the ryots of the King of Perak,
who are unwilling to accompany him.
Article 4.
The King of Salengore engages not to permit any pirates to resort to
any part of his territory, and the Governor of Pulp Penang will be
bound by a similar engagement on his part
Article 5.
The King of Salengore engages to seize and return to Pulo Penang
any offenders, such as pirates, robbers, murderers, and others who may
escape to Salengore, and if any persons of the description above
mentioned fly from Salengore to Pulo Penang, the Governor will be
bound by a similar Agreement.
Article 6.
This Agreement is made between His Majesty of Salengore and
the Honourable East India Company, with mutual consent and good
will between both parties, for the purpose of prolonging the peace
and friendly communication between the two States, and it shall
continue as long as the revolution of the starry sphere in which the
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
277
Sun and Moon perform their motions, shall endure. This Engage- ^v^JjP*
ment is made in the presence of all assembled, and to it is affixed SULA.
the chop of His Majesty of Salengore, and the seal of the Honourable No - X CVT.
East India Company, being written and executed in dupl icate, one
copy being retained by the King of Salengore, and the other by the
Honourable East India Company.
Th*e end.
Chop of
Sultan Ibraham
Shah, King of
Salengore.
(Signed) John Anderson,
Political Agent.
(A true copy)
(Signed) John Anderson,
Political Agent
The 26th August 1825.
(True copy)
. (Signed) J. W. Salmond,
Resident Councillor, Prince of Wales' Island.
* i
No. XCVI.
British Treaty with Rumbowe, 30th November 1831.
Treaty of perpetual friendship and alliance between the Supreme
Government of British India and Rajah AH, the Panghtilu, and Ampat
Sukus, governing the countries of Rumbowe and its dependencies.
1. On the part of the British Government, Robert Ibbetson, Esq.,
Resident of Singapore, Prince of Vales' Island, Malacca, and its
dependencies ; and, on the part of Rumbowe and its dependencies, the
said Rajah Ali, the Panghtilu, and Ampat Sukus. •
278 TBEATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SU38XT23.
M pEX?jf- N ^* * a to ^ en °^ ^ e S 00 ^ W *M an d disposition of the Supreme
sula. Government of British India, as well as indisposition to grasp at the
possession of more territory than can fairly be claimed from long
established custom and usage, beyond the possibility of misapprehen-
sion, they hereby wave all claim that might be urged to the obedience
of the Rumbownese, as subjects of the British Government, founded
on former treaties between them and the Dutcfr Government, and are
pleased, from this date, to cancel such interpretation, and to treat with
the authorities of Runibowe and its dependencies as an indepen-
dent State.
Article I.
The Supreme Government of British India hereby acknowledge
Rajah AH, the Fanghulu, and Ampat Sukus, as the Chiefs of
Kumbowe and its dependencies.
Article II.
The English and Rumbownese engage in friendship with mutual
truth, sincerity, and candour. Ths ltumbownese must not meditate or
commit evil against the English in any manner. The English must
not meditate or commit evil against the Rumbownese in any manner.
The Rumbownese must not molest, attack, disturb, or seize any pl&Qfc
territory, or boundary belonging to the English, in any country
belonging to the English. The English must not molest, attack,
disturb, seize, or take any place, territory or boundary, subject to the
Rumbownese. The Rumbownese shall settle every matter within the
Rumbownese boundaries according to their own wiil and customs.
Article III.
Should any place or country subject to the English do anything
that may offend the Rumbownese, the Rumbownesp shall not go
and injure such place or country, but first report the matter to the
English, who shall examine into it with truth and sincerity, and if
the fault lie with the English, the English shall punish according to
the fault. Should any place or country subject to the Rumbownese
do any thing that may offend the English, the English shall not go
« •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNtrDS.
279
and injure such place or country, but first report the matter to the ^^7$**
Rumbownese, who will examine into it with truth and sincerity, and SULA.
if the fault lie with the Rumbownese, the Rumbownese shall punish No - XCVL
according to the fault. Should any Rumbownese place or country,
that is near an English country, collect at any time an army or fleet
of boats, if the Chief of the English enquire the object of such
force, the Chief of the Rumbownese country must declare it. Should 4
any English place or country, that is near a Rumbownese country,
collect at any time an army, or a fleet of boats, if the Chief of the
Rumbownese country enquire the object of such force, the Chief of
the English country must declare it.
Article IV.
In places belonging to the Rumbownese and English, lying near
their mutual borders, if the English entertain a doubt as to any
boundary that has not been ascertained, the Chief on the side of the
English must send a letter, with some men and people, to go and
enquire from the Rumbownese Chief, who shall depute some of hi9
officers and people to go with the men belonging to the English Chief,
and point out and settle the mutual boundaries, so that they may be
ascert^ned on both sides in a friendly manner. If the Rumbownese
^fttertain a -doubt as to any boundary that has not been, ascertained,
the Chief on the side of the Rumbownese must send a letter, with
somo»men and people, to go and enquire from the English Chief, who
shall depute some of his officers and people to go with the men
belonging to the Rumbownese Chief, and point out and settle the
mutual boundaries, so that they may be ascertained on both sides in
a friendly manner.
Article V.
Should any Rumbownese subjeot run away, and go and livtf within
the boundaries of the English, the Rumbownese must not intrude,
enter, seize, or take such person within the English boundaries, but
must report and ask for him in a proper manner, and the English shall
be at liberty to deliver the party or not. Should any English subjects
run, and go and live within the boundaries of the Rumbownese, the
">
280
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
Malayan English must riot intrude, enter, seize,* or take such person within the
sula. Rumbownese boundaries, but must report and ask for him in a proper"
No.XCVi. ma nner, and the Rumbownese shall be at liberty to deliver the party
or not.
Article VI.
Merchants subject to the English, and their junks ancl boats, may
have intercourse and trade with any Rumbownese country, and the
Rumbownese will aid and protect them, and permit them to buy and
sell with facility. Merchants subject to the Rumbownese, and their
boats and junks, may have intercourse and trade with any English -
country, and the English will aid and protect them, and permit them
to buy and sell with facility. .•The Rumbewnese desiring to go to
an English country, or the English desiring to go to a Rumbownese
country, must conform to the customs of the place or country on
either side ; should they be ignorant of the customs, the Rumbownese
or English Officers must explain them. Rumbownese subjects who
visit an English country must conduct themselves according to the
established laws of the English country in every particular. English
subjects who visit a Rumbownese country must conduct themselves
according to the established laws of the Rumbownese country in
every particular.
Article VII.
Rajah Ali, the Panghulu, and Ampat Sukus, with a view to promote
the safety of trade and navigation, shall not tolerate piracy,- but on the
contrary, they shall exert their utmost efforts, by causing the offender
to receive an exemplary punishment, to suppress it, and the English
will do the same.
Article VIII.
That in the event of their being apprized of any hostile undertaking
being in contemplation, they shall endeavor to defeat the object of the
enemy, and inform the Euglish Chief of Malacca instantly of the
circumstance.
m
The eight Articles of this Treaty, written in the Milayan language,
are couciuded aatl agreed upon on the 33th November 1831 ; there
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS,
281
'Subsequently ratified.
are two copies, both sealed and attested by R. Ibbetson, Esq., on the Malayan
part of the English and Rajah AH, the Panghftlu, and Ampat Sukus, sula.
on the part of Rumbowe and its dependencies ; another copy will be No - x cvif.
transmitted for the ratification* of the Gover-
nor-General of Bengal, which, when returned, a
note to that effect shall be further affixed to the two copies now attest-
ed, in token that it is to last as long as heaven and earth shall endure.*
But the Treaty, in the mean time, is to be scrupulously acted on by
both parties.
No. XCVII.
A Treaty made in friendship, to la9t as long as the Sun and Moon revolve, between
the Rulers of India under the English on the one part, and Rajah Ali and the
Punghulus of the eight Sookoos ruling over Rumbowe and its dependencies on the
other part.
On the part of the English The Honourable eRobrt Ibbetson, Esq.,
Resident of Singapore, Pulo Penang, and Malacca, and its dependencies,
and on the part of Rumbowe and its dependencies Rajah Ali and the
Panghfilus of the eight Sookoos, that these countries, both those under
the English and under tlie said Chiefs, may hereafter be ruled with
justice, and according to their several customs, and not to infringe upon
the rights of each other.
The English Government by these presents cancel and annul all
former Treaties and Agreements made between Rumbowe and the
Dutch Government and the present Government of the English, and
make this Treaty with the Rumbowe Chief as a Government of itsqlf,
excluding all others.
Firstly. — On the part of the English Government they hereby
acknowledge Rajah Ali and the present Panghtilus of eight Sookoos as
the rulers of Rumbowe and its dependencies.
Secondly. — The English Government and that of Rumbowe do
hereby form a friendship to last for ever, and* the Rumbowe
1 «N 2
282
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNKUDS.
Malayan Government will never do any thing offensive against the English
bkla. Government, and the English Government promise on their part to
No. xcvii. i^ e q Ua Uy friendly towards the Government of Rumbowe, either by
attacking each other, or taking possession of the territories of that of
either party.
The Rumbowe Government will be at liberty to rule within its own •
territories according to the laws and usages of that country.
Thirdly. — If, in any of the places under the English Government,
they should ill-treat any people of Rumbowe, the Government of
Rumbowe shall not attack or fight against that place, but the Rumbowe
Government will first inform the English Government of it, who will
enquire into the causes and see that justice be done — if the fault lays
on the part of the English, justice shall be accorded according to the
English Law ; and if the samew should happen on the part of the
Rumbowe people, towards that of the subjects of the .English, the
English Government shall not take upon itself to attack or destroy
that country, but shall, in the first place, acquaint the Rumbowe Chiefs
of the aggression, and the Chiefs of Rumbowe shall enquire into the
causes and do justice, and if the fault lies on the part of the Rumbowe
people, they shall be punished according to the magnitude of their
offences.
Should any of the places in the neighborhood of the English terri-
tories be preparing for warfare by assembling men or vessels, and
should the English Government enquire the cause of doing so, the
Chiefs of Rumbowe shall state the reasons for doing so \ on the part of
the English Government they promise to do the' same to Rumbowe.
Fourthly.— With regard to the boundaries which decide the territo- *
ries of Rumbowe from those of the English, should the latter be at a
loss to find out the exact places, the person governing on the part of
the English will write and send persons on their part to Rumbowe,
and the latter will send their officers, and the said officers for both
parties will ascertain the boundaries and settle them on the most
amicable terms : should the Government of Rumbowe be similarly
situated, and wish to ascertain the exact boundaries, they will act in
the same manner, and send their officers to the English Government,
who will in the same manner go to the spot and ascertain the same in
the most friendly manner.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 283
Fifthly. — Should any of the inhabitants of Rumbowe run away to ^EXis?
the territories of the English Government, it will jiot be lawful for any sula.
Rumbowe people to follow and seize them within the English territo- ^°' XCVIL
ries, but the Rumbowe people can give information and demand them
of the English Government in a proper manner, and the English can
deliver them # up or not as they may think proper.
If, on the other hand^any English inhabitants should go and settle
in the Rumbowe countries, the English may not follow and seize
such whilst in the Rumbowe Territory, but the English shall give
information and demand them in a friendly manner, and the people of
Rumbowe will deliver them up or not as may be deemed proper.
Sixthly. — English merchants in wankangs and prows can trade
backwards and forwards in any of the Rumbowe territories, and the
Rumbowe Government shall assist such traders, so that they can
traffic without danger, and Rumbowe traders in wankangs and
prows oan trade in any English Ports, and the English Government
shall protect them. When any Rumbowe people wish to go to places
under the English, or, on the other hand, any English wish to go to
places under Rumbowe, they shall be guided by the customs and
usages of those places, and should they, on either part, be ignorant of
such customs and usages, the Officers of such places shall inform
them ; further, all inhabitants of Rumbowe who should go to places
under the English Government, shall be guided by the orders that
they may have given to them in those districts, and the English
inhabitants who may go to places under Rumbowe shall also do
the same.
Seventhly. — Rajah Ali and Panghulus of the eight Sookoos
shall not allow pirates to remain in their ports, but do all in their
power to give safety to traders, thereby destroying these evil disposed,
people, and the English on their part shall promise to do the same.
Eighthly. — If Rajah Ali and Panghtilus of the four Sookoos
shall hear of any acts of the enemy, they" shall do all in their power
to prevent their carrying them into execution, and shall give infor-
mation of the same.
These eight stipulations are written in the Malay language, and
are settled and determined upon on 'the 28th January 1832, equal to
the Arabic calculation of the 18 th day of Shabap 1247, and two copies
of the same tenor and date, sealed and acknowledged by Robert
28*
TBEATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUSS.
^yvxys^ Ibbetson, Esq., on the part of the English Government, and Rajah
si'LA. AH with Panghiilus of the eight Sookoos on the part of Bumbowe
No. xc • an( j j t8 Jependencieg.
Another copy of this Treaty shall be made and sent to Bengal for
the purpose of being approved of by 'the Bight Honourable the
Governor-General, and when the same shall be returned and confirmed,
notice shall be made of it in writing in thes# two copies, that they
may never be changed and literally interpreted as long as the world
may last.
Further, these Engagements shall be followed in good faith by the
contracting parties.
(Sigped) B. Ibbetson, -
• Resident of Singapore,
P. W. Island and Malacca.
Witnesses to the signature.
(Signed) W. T. Lewis,
Assistant Resident.
„ J. B. Westerhout.
Seal of Syed Saban.
Seal of
Sultan Allee
bin Sultan Abdul
JaIK-1 MuhaUam Shaw,
descended fron: the late
Ahmed Shaw, dec&ued.
1248. *
Maua Ban'gsa Gumpah Maha-
rajah Panghulu Lilla Ma-
harajah.
Sree Maharajah Maxgsa Bal-'
LANG MaNDALAKAII ANDEII-
KAIl.
This is the mark of Ali
Rajah, Buler of Bum-
bowe.
Jaagsorah.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNCDS. 285
No. XCVIII.
Rumbowe Boundary Agreement, 9th January 1833.
We, Robert Ibbetson, Esq., Governor in Council of Pulo Penang,
Singapore, and Malacca, Samuel Garling, Esq.*, Resident Councillor
of Malacca, on the part of the English East India Company, and the
Eang de Per Tuan Besar of Rumbowe, Rajah Ali, and the Eang do Per
Tuan Muda Sheriff Saban bin Ibrahim Alkadaree, together with the
Dattu Panghulu Lelah Maharajah, and Sedah Rajah, and the Dattus
eight Sukus of Rumbowe, viz., Dattu Gampar Maharajah, Dattu Mar-
ranbangsa, Dattu Sangsoria, Dattu Bangsah Ballang, Dattu Saraa
Rajah, Dattu Andekah, Dattu Mandalekah, and Dattu Senda Maharajah,
who are at this present date about to settle the .boundaries between
the territory of Malacca and that of Rumbowe, which is done with
the mutual consent of the parties so assembled, arid "the said bound-
aries are fixed, a9 stated below, as follows : —
Firstly. — From the mouth of the River Jenny to Bukit Bertam,
from thence to Bukit Jelootong, from thence to Bukit Puttoos, from
thence to Jegrat Kanchee, from thence to Lubbo Tallahn, from thence
to Dusoon Prinjee, from thence to Dusoon Kahpar, from thence to
' Booloo Sankad, from thence to Bukit Puttoos.
The above are the boundaries between Rumbowe and Malacca,
which we have ascertained with sincerity, and to be so long as
the Moon and the Stfh exist between the English Company and
Rumbowe. They are never to be altered, nor this Deed be altered
from what has been set forth above.
Further. — From henceforth whosoever should be at the head of the
Government of Malacca, or that of Rumbowe, they will respect and
follow the Engagement herein made.
Further. — From this date, we, the two contracting parties, annul all
former Engagements and Deeds regarding the boundaries of Malacca
and Rumbowe. #
This Engagement is made in duplicate, both of the same tenor and
date, the one to remain with the Malacca Government, and the other
with Rumbowe. In witness of the above Engagement, the contract-
ing parties have affixed their seals and signatures, >and the signatures
of the witnesses. • *
MALAYAN
PENIN-
SULA.
N^!
XCVIII.
286
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
M penS- N ^ ritten ty Abdul Wyadd Abdul Rayhm, of Malacca, at Naning,
sula. in the village of Sungie-Soopoot, in the year of our Lord 1833,* on
No. xcix. the 9th day of j anuary> an( i i n t h e Malay year 1248, on the 19th day
of the month Shaban.
The seals of Eang de Per Tuan Besar and Muda of Rumbowe.
The seals of the two Panghtilus.
* The mark of Dattu Gampar,
*
«
*
«
*
*
99
99
55
99
35
55
99
(Signed)
55
55
Marrabangsah.
Sangsorrah.
Bangsah Ballang.
Dattu Saumiah Rajah.
ANDEKAH.
Man D ALE K AH.
Sendah.
Matthew Poole, Lieutenant,
Qr. Mr. GeneraTt Department.
T. J. Newbold,
23/y/ Madras Light Infantry.
J. B. WE8TERHOUT.
55
55
55
55
55
55
55
No, XCIX.
Boundary TKEATYwith Joiiolb, 15th June 1833.
We, Robert Ibbetson, Governor in Council of Pulo Penang, Singa-
pore, and Malacca, and Samuel Garling, Resident Councillor at
Malacca, on the part of the Honourable East India Company, and
Dattu Panghulu of Johole, Lelah Perkassa, at this time fix the boun-
dary between the Territory of Malacca and Johole, in the presence of
the Eang dc Per Tuan Muda, of Rumbowe" viz., Sherif Saban and Dattu
Panghulu Lela Maharajah, both sides agreeing as is mentioned below.
The names of the boundary marks are first, u from Bukit Puttoos to
Salumba Kroh, thence to Lubo Palang, thence to Liibo Penawen, follow-
ing the right bank of ;the stream downwards towards Malacca. The
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
287
No. C.
left bank is the territory of Johole. This is the boundary between ^m&TJF
Malacca and Johole, for instance, Rekkan and Lodang, and Kadaka, sula.
and Nascha, all these campongs are under the dominion of Johole.
We have settled and agreed, as long as there is a Moon and Sun, the
contract between the Honourable East India Company and Johole
cannot be dissolved and altered, as is mentioned above.
Moreover, in time to come, whoever shall rule Malacca and Johole
shall follow faithfully what has been here done.
From this day, we, for both parties, make null and void all writings
and traditions relating to the ancient boundaries between Malacca and
Johole.
The Treaty has been done in duplicate ; one copy of which is to be
kept at Malacca, and the other at Joftole.
To ratify what has been agreed on above, the seal and signature of
each individual are hereunto affixed.
This Treaty was done at Malacca, on the 15 th June, in the year
1833, agreeing with the 27th of the Mahomedan month Mohurrujjn,
A. H. 1249.
No. C.
TREATY WITH JOHORE.
Colonel Fabquhar's Treaty with Abdul Rachman Shaw, the King of Johobe,
1818.
Treaty of Commercial Alliance between the Honourable the English
East India Company and His Majesty Sri Sultan Abdul Rachman Shaw,
King of Johore, Pahang, and dependencies, settled on the part of the
Honourable the East India ^Company, by Major William Farquhar,
Resident at Malacca, by virtue of powers delegated to him by the
Honourable* John Alexander Bannermann; Governor of trince of Wales'
Island, and its dependencies, and on the part of His Majesty the
Sultan of Johore, Pahang, &c„ by his Highness JMr Rajah Muda of
288
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
M PEN?N- N Rhio, in virtue of similar powers granted to him by his said Majesty,
8ULA - Sri Sultan Abdul Rachman Shaw.
No. c.
Article I.
The peace and friendship now happily subsisting between the
Honourable English East India Company, and his Majesty Sri
Sultan Abdul Rachman Shaw, King of Johore, Pahang, &c, shall be
perpetual.
Article II.
The vessels and merchandise belonging to British subjects, or persons
being under the protection of the Honourable East India Company, shall
always enjoy in the ports and dominions of Johore, Pahang, Lingin,
Rhio, and others subject to his said Majesty, Sri Sultan Abdul Rach-
man Shaw, all the privileges and advantages which are now, or may
at any time hereafter be granted to the subjects of the most favored
• nations.
Article III.
The vessels and merchandise belonging to the subjects of his said
Majesty, Sri Sultan Abdul Rachman Shaw, shail "always receive
similar advantages and privileges in the harbour of Fort Cornwallis,
and in all other places dependent on the British Government of Prince
of Wales' Island.
•
Article IV.
His said Majesty Sri Sultan Abdul Rachman Shaw shall not renew
any obsolete and interrupted Treaties with other nations, public bodies,
or individuals, the provisions of which may in any degree *tend to
exclude or obstruct the trade of British subjects, who further shall not
be burdened with any impositions, or Duties, not levied on the subjects
of other States. *
Article V.
His said Majesty, Sri Sultan Abdul Rachman Shaw, further engages
that he will, upon no pretence whatever, grant a monopoly of *ny
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 289
articles of trade or commodities, the produce of his territories, to any MALAYAN
. . J PENIN-
person or persons, European, American, or Native. SULa.
No. c.
Article VI.
It is finally declared, that this Treaty which, according to the
foregoing Articles, is meant for promoting the peace and friendship,
and securing the liberty of commerce and navigation between their
respective subjects, to the mutual advantage of both, shall last for ever.
In token of truth, and for the satisfaction of both parties, we have
hereunto affixed our signatures and seals in Rhio, this Nineteenth day
of August A. D. 1818, answering to the 16th day of the month Sawal,
in the year of the Hejira 1233.
The Chop of the Rajah Muda,
Or Heir Apparent of Rhio.
(Seal of Major Farquhar.)
(Signed) Wm. Farquhar,
Resident of Malacca,
and Commissioner on the part of the British Government.
• (A true copy)
(Signed) John Anderson,
• # Malay Translator to Government
»
i
o 2
•
2!)0 TIltATIES, EXGAUKMENTS, AND SUNNUD3.
MALAYAN \"<» PT
SU.A.
No. CI. Tkkaty of Friendship and Alltanck concluded between the Honourable Sir
Thomas Stamford Rafflks, Lieutenant-Governor of Fort .Marlborough and
its dependencies, Agent to the Most Noblo Francis. Marquis of Hastings,
Governor-General of India, &c., &c, &e., for the Honourable English East
India Company on the one part, and their Highnesses Sultan Hussajx
Mahummed Shah, Sultan of Johore, and Datoo Tammungong Sree Maha-
uajaii Abdul Rahman, Chief of Singapore and its dependencies, on the
other part.
Article 1.
The Preliminary Articles of Agreement entered into on the 30th
of January 1819, by the Honourable Sir Stamford Raffles on the part
of the English East India Company, and by Datoo Tammungong
Sree Maharajah Abdul Rahman, Chief of Singapore and its depen-
dencies for himself and for Sultan Ilussain Mahummed Shah, Sultan
of Johore, is hereby entirely approved, ratified, and confirmed by
His Highness the aforesaid Sultan Mahummed Shah.
Article 2.
In furtherance of the objects contemplated in the said Preliminary
Agreement, and iu compensation of any and all the advantages which
may be foregone now or hereafter by His Highness Sultan Hussain
Mahummed Shah, Sultan of Johore, in consequence of the stipulations
of this Treaty, the Honourable English East India Company agree
and engage to pay to his aforesaid Highness the sum of Spanish
Dollars five thousand annually, for, and during the time that the
• said Company may, by virtue of this Treaty, maintain a factory or
factories on any part of His Highness'* hereditary dominions, and
the said Company further agree to afford their protection to His
Highness aforesaid as long as he may continue to reside in the
immediate vicinity of the places subject to their authority: It is
however clearly explained to, and underVtood by, His Highness, that
the English (iovornmont, in entering into this Alliarcc, and in thus
engaging to afford protection to His Highness, is to be considered in
no >vav bound to inter fore with the internal politics of his States.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUPS. 291
or engaged t8 assert or maintain the authority of His Highness by M prvW NT
force of arms. _jsu la. *
No. ci.
• Article 3.
His Highness Datoo Tummungong Sree Maharajah Abdul Rahman,
Chief of Singapore and its dependencies, having by Preliminary
Articles of Agreement entered into on the 30th of January 1819,
granted his full pennission to the Honourable English East India
Company to establish a factory or factories at Singapore, or on any
other peart of His Highness's dominions, and the said Company
having in recompense and in return for the said grant settled on His
Highness the yearly sum of Spanish Dollars three thousand, and
having received His Highness into their alliance and protection, all
and every part of the said Preliminary Articles is hereby con-
firmed.
Article 4.
His Highness the Sultan Hussain Mahummed Shah, Sultan of
Johore, and His Highness Datoo Tummungong Sree Maharajah Abdul
Rahman, Chief of Singapore, engage and agree to aid and assist the •
Honourable East Jndia Company against all enemies that may assail
the factory or factories of the said Company established, or to bo
established, in the dominions of their said Highnesses respectively.
Article 5.
His Highness the Sultan Hussain Mahummed Shah, Sultan of Johore,
and His Highness Datoo Tummungong Sree Maharajah Abdul
Rahman, Chief of Singapore, agree, promise, and bind themselves, their #
heirs and successors, that for at long time as the Honourable the
English East India Company shall continue to hold a factory or *
factories on any part of the dominions subject to the authority of their
Highnesses aforesaid, and shaU continue to afford to their Highnesses
support and protection, they, their said Highnesses, will not enter into
any treaty with any other nation, and will not admit or consent to the
settlement in any part of their dominions of any other power, European •
or American. •
4
«
292 treaties, engagements, and sunnuds.
M penS- N Article 6.
SULA.
No. CI.
All persons belonging to the English factory or factories, or who
shall hereafter desire to place themselves under the protection of its
flag, shall be duly registered and considered as subject to the British
authority.
*
Article 7.
The mode of administrating justice to the native population shall be
subject to future discussion and arrangement between the contracting
parties, as this will necessarily, in a great measure, depend on the Laws
and usages of the various tribes who may be expected to settte in the
vicinity of the English factory. *
Article 8.
The Port of Singapore is to be considered under the immediate
protection and subject to the regulation of the British authorities.
Article 9.
With regard to the Duties which it may hereafter be deemed
necessary to levy on goods, merchandize, boats or vessels, His High-
•
ncss Datoo Tummungong Sree Maharajah Abdul Rahman is to be
entitled to a moiety or full half of all the amount collected from
native vessels.
The expenses of the port and the collection of Duties to be defrayed
by the British Government.
Done and concluded at Singapore, this 6th day of February, in the
year of our Lord 1811), answering to the Wth day of the month Ruble-
lahhir and year of the Hijira 1234. •
(Signed) T. S. Raffles,
Agent to the Most Xuhb' tin G ore r nor- General
for the Stat* s t » /" 7v h t\* f Sit»yaj < »■ / v f an d Johore.
•
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
No. CII.
293
MALAYAN
PENIN-
SULA.
Original Agreement between Scr Stamford Raffles and Sultan IIussain No. CII. •
Mahombd Shah, for the occupation of Singapore, in June 1819.
No. 1.
Be it known to all men, that ^e, the Sultan Hussain Mahomed Shah,
Ungko Tumungong Abdool Rahman, Governor Raffles, and Major
William Farquhar, have hereby entered into the following arrange-
ments and regulations for the better guidance of the people of this
Settlement, pointing out where all the different castes are severally to
reside, with their families, and Captains, or heads of their campongs.
Article I.
The boundaries of the lands under the control of the English are as
follows: from Tanjong Malang on the west, to Tanjong Kattang on
the east, and on the land side, as far as the range of cannon shot, all
round from the factory. As many persons as reside within the afore-
said boundary, and not within the campongs of the Sultan and Tumun-
gong, are all to be under the control of the Resident, and with respect
to. the gardens and plantations that now are or may hereafter be
made, they are to be at the disposal of the Tumungong, as heretofore ;
but it is understood, that he will always acquaint the Resident of
the game.
Article II.
It is directed that all the Chinese move over to the other side of the
river, forming a campong from the site of the large bridge down the
river towards the mouth, and all Malays, people belonging to the
Tumungong and others, are also to remove to the other side of the
• river, forming their campong from the site of the large bridge up to
the river towards the source.
Article III.
All cases which may occur, requiring Council in this Settlement,
they shall, in the first instance, be conferred and deliberated upon
by the three aforesaid, and when they shall lujvc been decided upon,
2!H TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SITCNUDS.
*p V LNi\ VN tnc y S ^ a ^ ^ C ma( ' e known to the inhabitants either by beat of gong
fc^i-A. or \)y proclamation.
-No. ci I."
Article IV.
Every Tvlonday morning, at 10 o'clock, the Sultan, the Tumiingong,
and the Resident shall meet at the Room a Bitchara; hut should either
of the two former be incapable of attending, they may send a Deputy
there.
Article V.
Every Captain, or head of caste, and all Panghfilus of camponga
and villages, shall attend at the Rooma Bitchara, and make a report
or statement of such occurrences as may have taken place in the
Settlement, and represent any grievance or complaint that they may
have to bring before the Council for its consideration on each Monday.
Article VI.
If the Captains, or heads of castes, or the Panghiilus of camponga, do
not act justly towards their constituents, they are permitted to come
and state their grievances themselves to the Resident at the Rooma
Bitchara, who is hereby authorized to examine and decide thereon.
Article VII.
No Duties or Customs can be exacted, or farms established in this
Settlement without the consent of the Sultan", the Tumungong, and
Major William Farquhar, and without the consent of these three
nothing can be arranged.
/// confirmation of the aforesaid Articles, ire, the undersigned \ have
put our seals and sir/natures, at Singa/>ore, this 2nd day of the mouth of
Ha in can 1231, answering to 26fh June 1811).
Seal of the Sultan.
Seal of the Ttmi/xgoxg.
[L. S."| (Signed) T. S. Raffles.
[ L. S.J (Signed) W. FakquiIAU.
I True translation)
(Signed) \V. KARfljriiAR,
Lute Resident,
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 295
XO. CIII. -A^fAX
SULA.
A Tukaty of Friendship and Alliance between the Honourable the English No « cl,1 «
East India Coj^tany on the one side, and their Highnessees the Sultan and
Tumungono of JonoRE on the other, concluded on the Second day of August,
One Thousand Eight Hundred and Twenty-four (1824), corresponding with the
•Sixth day o/ the month of Zuihaz, in the year of Hegira One Thousand Two
Hundred and Thirty-nine (1239), by the above Sultan of Johore, His Higiiness
Sultan Hussain Mahomed Shah, and the above Tumungong of Johore, His
Highness Datu Tumungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah on their own
behalf, and by John Crawfurd, Esquire, British Resident of Singapore,
vested with frill powers thereto, by the Right Honourable William Pitt,
Lord Amherst, Governor-General of an4 for Fort William in Bengal, on
behalf of the said Honourable English East India Company.
Article 1.
Peace, friendship, and good understanding shall subsist for ever
between the Honourable the English East India Company and their
Highnesses the Sultan and Tumungong of Johore and their respective
heirs and successors. •
Article 2.
Their Highnesses the Sultan Hussain Mahomed Shah and Datu Tu-
mungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah hereby cede in full sovereignty
and property to the Honourable the English East India Company, their
heirs and successors for ever, the Island of Singapore, situated in the
Straits of Malacca, together with the adjacent seas, straits, and islets, to
the extent of ten geographical miles, from the coast of the said main
Island of Singapore.
Article 3.
The Honourable the English East India Company hereby engages,
in consideration of the cession specified in the last Article, to pay unto
His Highness the Sultan Hussain Mahomed Shah, the sum of Spanish
Dollars thirty-three thousand two hundred (33,200), together with a
stipend, during his natural life, of one thousand three hundred (1,300)
Spanish Dollars per mensem, and to His Highness the Datu Tumun-
gong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah,* the sum of twenty-six thousand
eight hundred (26,800) Spanish Dollars, with a monthly stipend of
seven hundred (700) Spanish Dollars during his*natural life.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. ' 297
ipany, their heirs and successors for ever, all right and title to every M pp~Xj VN
icscription of immoveable property, whether in lands, houses, gardens, si/l a.
orchards, or timber trees, of which their said Highnesses may be pos- No - cin *
sessed within the Island of Singapore or its dependencies at the time
they may think proper to withdraw from the said island for the pur-
pose of permanently residing within their own States, but it is recipro-
cally and clearly understood that the provisions of this Article shall not
extend to any description of property which may be held by any fol-
lower or retainerof their Highnesses beyond the precincts of the ground
at present allotted for the actual residence of their said Highnesses.
Article 8.
Their Highnesses the Sultan Hussam Mahomed Shah, and the Datu
Tumungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah hereby engage that, as
long as they shall continue to reside within the Island of Singapore,
or to draw their respective monthly stipends from the Honourable the
English East India Company, as provided for in the present Treaty,
they shall enter into no alliance and maintain no correspondence with
any foreign power or potentate whatsoever, without the knowledge and
consent of the said Honourable the English East India Company,
tjieir heirs and successors.
Article 9.*
Tlje Honourable the English East India Company hereby engages,
that, in the event of their Highnesses the Sultan Hussain Mahomed
Shah, and the Datu Tumungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah, re-
moving from the Island of Singapore, as contemplated in the 6th Arti-
cle, and being distressed within their own territories on such removal, to
afford them, either at Singapore or Prince of Wales' Island, a personal
asylum and protection.
Article 10. •
The contracting parties hereby stipulate and agree, that neither party
shall be bound to interfere in the internal concerns of the other's
government, or in any political dissensions or wars which may arise
within their respective territories, nor to support each other by force
of arms against any third party whatsoever. *
1 p 2
29G
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
MALAYAN
TEN IX-
Sl'LA.
"~No7ciIL
Article 4.
His Highness the Sultan Hussain Mahomed Shah hereby acknow-
ledges to have received from the Honourable the English East India
Company, in fulfilment of the stipulations of the two last Articles, the
sum of thirty-three thousand two hundred (33,200) Spanish Dollars,
together with the first monthly instalment of the above-mentioned
stipend, of Spanish Dollars one thousand three hundred (1,300), and
His Highness the Datu Tumungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah
also hereby acknowledges to have received from the Honourable the
English East India Company, in fulfilment^ the stipulations of the
two last Articles, the sum of twenty-six thousand eight hundred Spanish
■
Dollars (26,800), with one month's instalment of the above stipend of
seven hundred Spanish Dollars.
Article 5.
The Honourable the English East India Company engages to
receive and treat their Highnesses the Sultan Hussain Mahomed Shah,
and Datu Tumungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah, with all the
honours, respect, and courtesy belonging to their rank and station,
whenever they may reside at, or visit the Island of Singapore.
Article 6.
The Honourable the English East India Company hereby engages in
the event of their Highnesses the Sultan and Tumungong, their Jieirs
or successors, preferring to reside permanently in any portion of their
own States, and to remove for that purpose from Singa]>ore, to pay
unto them, that is to say, to His Highness the Sultan Hussain Mahomed
Shah, his heir or successor, the sum of twenty thousand (20,000)
Spanish Dollars, and to His Highness the Datu Tumungong Abdul
Rahman Sri Maharajah, his heir or successor, the sum of fifteen thou-
sand (15,000) Spanish Dollars.
•Article 7\
Their Highnesses the Sultan. Hussain Mahomed Shall and the Datu
Tumungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah, in consideration of the
payment specified \n the last Article, hereby relinquish for themselves,
their heirs, and successors, to the Honourable the English East India
t
•
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. * 297
Company, their heirs and successors for ever, all right and title to every M p£AX£ N
description of immoveable property, whether in lands, houses, gardens, sula.
orchards, or timber trees, of which their said Highnesses may be pos- No - CI11,
sessed within the Island of Singapore or its dependencies at the time
they may think proper to withdraw from the said island for the pur-
pose of permanently residing within their own States, but it is recipro-
cally and clearly understood that the provisions of this Article shall not
extend to any description of property which may be held by any fol-
lower or retainer of their Highnesses beyond the precincts of the ground
at present allotted for the actual residence of their said Highnesses.
Article* 8.
Their Highnesses the Sultan Hussain Mahomed Shah, and the Datu
Tumungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah hereby engage that, as
long as they shall continue to reside within the Island of Singapore,
or to draw their respective monthly stipends from the Honourable the
English East India Company, as provided for in the present Treaty,
they shall enter into no alliance and maintain no correspondence with
any foreign power or potentate whatsoever, without the knowledge and
consent of the said Honourable the English East India Company,
tjieir heirs and successors.
Article 9.*
Tlje Honourable the English East India Company hereby engages,
that, in the event of their Highnesses the Sultan Hussain Mahomed
Shah, and the Datu Tumungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah, re-
moving from the Island of Singapore, as contemplated in the 6th Arti-
cle, and being distressed within their own territories on such removal, to
afford them, either at Singapore or Prince of Wales' Island, a personal
asylum and protection.
Article 10.
The contracting parties hereby stipulate and agree, that neither party
shall be bound to interfere in the internal concerns of the other's
government, or in any political dissensions or wars which may arise
within their respective territories, nor to support each other by force
of arms against any third party whatsoever. *
1 p 2
298
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNKUDS.
MAI- AY AN
PENIN-
SULA.
•
"noTciil
Article 11.
The contracting parties hereby engage to use every means within
.their power respectively, for the suppreseion of robbery and piracy
within the Straits of Malacca, as well as the other narrow seas, straits,
"and rivers bordering upon, or within their respective territories, in as
far as the same shall be connected with the dominions and immediate
interests of their said Highnesses.
Article 12.
Their Highnesses the Sultan Hussain Mahomed Shah, and the Data
Tumungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah hereby engage to maintain
a free and unshackled trade everywhere within their dominions, and to
admit the trade and traffic of the British nation into all the ports and
harbours of the kingdom of Johore and its dependencies, on the terms
of the most favoured nation.
Article 13.
The Honourable the English East India Company hereby engages,
as long as their Highnesses the Sultan Hussain Mahomed Shah and
the Datu Tumungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah shall continue to
reside on the Island of Singapore, not to permit any retainer or follower
of their said Highnesses wh<5 shall desert from their actual service, to
dwell or remain in the Island of Singapore or its dependencies. But
it is hereby clearly understood, that all such 'retainers and followers
shall be natural born subjects of such parts of their Highnesses' domi-
nions only in which their authority is at present substantially estab-
lished, and that their names, at the period of entering the service of
their Highnesses, shall have been duly and voluntarily inscribed in a
register, to be kept for that purpose by the chief local authority for
the time being.
Article 1£.
It is hereby mutually stipulated for and agreed, that the conditions
of all former Conventions, Treaties, or Agreements entered into betwixt
the Honourable' the English East India Company and their Highnesses
the Sultan and Tumungong of Johore, shall be considered as abrogated
• •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
299
and annulled by the present Treaty, and tbey are hereby abrogated and Malayan
annulled accordingly, always, however, with the exception of such sula.
prior conditions as have conferred on the Honourable the English No - °^
East India Company any right or title to the occupation or possession
of the Island of Singapore and its dependencies, as above-mentioned.
Done and concluded at Singapore, the day and year as above written.
< \ ' ^~~\ •
[Residency (Signed) SULTAN HuSSAIN MAHOMED SHAH. L. S. )
« ■
(Signed) T. Crawfurd.
Datu Tamungong Abdul Rahman Sri Maharajah. ( l. s. )
(Signed) Amherst.
The <3overnor-
General's
Square Seal.
»
J5
Edward Paget,
F. Fendall.
Ratified by the Right Honourable the Governor-General in Council,
at Fort William in Bengal, this Nineteenth day of November, One
Thousand Eight Hundred and Twenty-four.
(Signed) Geo. Swinton,
Secretary to Government
300 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUN NUBS.
MALAYAN N Q Qjy
PENIN-
SULA.
No. CIV. Treaty of Friendship and Alliance between His Highness Sultan Aixt
Askander Sh.vii bin Sultan Hosain Mahomed Shah and Hif Highness Datu
Tumungong Daing Ibrahim bin Abdul Ruhman Sri Maharaja, who are both
equally desirous to compose and put a final end to the differences and disagreements'
which have heretofore subsisted between them relative to theia respective claims on
the Territory and Sovereignty of Johore, and to establish and maintain peace,
friendship, and thoroughly amicable relations between them from henceforth in all
times to come.
1st. — His Highness the Sultan Ally Iskander Shah bin Sultan
Hosain Mahomed Shah, for himself, his heirs and successors, does
hereby cede in full sovereignty aiyl absolute property to His Highness
Datu Tumungong Daing Ibrahim Sri Maharaja bin Tumungong
Abdul Ruhman Sri Maharaja, his heirs and successors for ever, the
whole of the territory of Johore within the Malayan Peninsula and
its dependencies, with the exception of the Kassang territory herein-
after mentioned.
2nd. — In consideration of the cession contained in the foregoing
Article, His HighnesB Datu Tumungong Daing Ibrahim Sri Maharaja
bin Tumungong Abdool Kuhman Sri Maharaja does hereby agree to
pay immediately after the execution of these Articles to His Highness
Sultan Ally Iskander Shah bin Sultan Hosain Shah the sum of five
thousand Spanish Dollars, and further engages that he the said Data
Tumungong Daing Ibrahim Sri Maharaja, his heirs and successors,
shall and will, from and after the 1st day of January 1855, pay to his
said Highness Sultan Ally Iskander Shah, his heirs and successors,
the sum of five hundred Spanish Dollars per mensem.
3itD. — His Highness Datu Tumungong Daing Ibrahim Sri Maha-
raja hereby withdraws all claim whatsoever to the said territory of
Kassang, consisting of the lands lying between the river of Kassang
and the river of Muar, and of which the said river of Kassang forms
the boundary on the northward and that of Muar on the southward,
and being part of the ancient territory 6( Johore, and consents that
His Highness Sultan Ally Iskander Shah, his heirs and successors,
shall have and enjoy the same in full Sovereignty aud property
for ever.
•
%
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 301
4th. — His Highness Sultan Ally Iskander Shah for himself, his MALAYAN
. PENIN-
heirs and successors, hereby agrees that the said territory of Kassang sula."
shall not be alienated or disposed of to any party or power, without No. civ.
the same being* in the first place offered to the East India Company
and then to His Highness Datu Tumungong Daing Ibrahim Sri
Maharaja, his heirs or successors, on such terms as His Highness the
Sultan Ally Iskander Shah, his heirs or successors, may be desirous to
cede it to any other party or power willing to treat for the same.
5tii. — The subjects of each of the said contracting parties shall have
full liberty to trade to and pass in and out of their respective territo-
ries, but shall be amenable for any crime or offence committed in the
territory of either of the said contracting parties according to the law
there in force, and each of the said contracting parties for himself, his
heirs and successors, hereby solemnly engages to do no act calculated
or having a tendency to promote or foment disturbances within the
territory of the other of them, but in all respects truly and faithfully
to adhere to and observe the Engagements hereby entered into by them
respectively.
6th. — The said contracting parties hereby agree that any difference
or disagreement that may ' arise between them on matters falling
within the foregoing Articles 4 and 5 shall be referred to the final
decision of the British Government of India, with whose cognizance
the said contracting parties have entered into this Treaty.
7jh. — Nothing contained herein shall be taken or construed to
modify or affect the provisions of the Treaty concluded on the 2nd day
of August 1824 between the East India Company and their lata
Highnesses the Sultan and Tumungong of Johore.
This done and concluded at Singapore, the \0th day of March, in the
year of Christ 1855.
a
Executed before Tumungong's Seal.
(Signed) W. J. Butterworth,
Governor, Prince of Wales'* Island,
Singapore and Malacca.
Sultan's Seal.
(Signed) T. Church,
Resident Councillor.
SUMATRA.
■
The Island of Sumatra is divided into a number of petty States, the
chief of which are Acheen, Dolly, Ltuigkat, and Slack.
Our political relations with Acheen date as far back as 1602.
Various attempts, however, which were made to establish a factory at
Acheen, failed.
In 1815 a revolution broke out, and the reigning Sovereign, Jowhar
Shah, a dissolute Prince, was deposed, and Syful Alum Shah, the eon
of a wealthy merchant, who was related to the Royal family, was raised
to the throne. After protracted negotiations, however, the ex-Rajah
was restored, through the mediation of Sir Stamford Raffles, and a
Treaty (No. CV.) was concluded with him.
The official note appended to the Treaty with the Dutch of 1824
required that the Treaty with Acheen should be modified into a
simple arrangement for the hospitable reception of British vessels and
subjects in the port of Acheen. As our relations with Acheen, however,
were merely nominal, and the Treaty of 1819 had been a dead letter,
and as there was free and open intercourse with the Acheen ports, it
was not considered necessary to enter into any formal arrangement
with Acheen.
In consequence of the numerous acts of aggression committed dpon
British vessels trading with the Natives along the Acheen Coast, in
1837 Captain Chads of II. M. S. Andromache was requested to visit
Acheen with the view of demanding redress. In 1844 a British Force,
under the command of Captain the Honourable G. F. Hastings, was
again despatched to Acheen on the same account. On this last occasion
severe punishment was inflicted upon the inhabitants of the villages of
Qualla, Battoo, and Murdoo, which had been mainly concerned in the
piracies complained of. No opposition to the measure seems to have
been displayed by the Rajah, who, on the contrary, had previously
endeavoured to procure the surrender to our Authorities of the
principal offenders.
'With Delly, Langkat, and Siack, Treaties (No. CVI. to CXL) exist,
but after the Treaty with the Dutch, of 1824, the diplomatic connec-
tion of the English wiUi Sumatra ceased.
•
%
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 303
NO. CV. SUMATRA
No. CV.
Treaty of Friendship and Alliance between the Honourable English East
India Company and the Kingdom of Acheen concluded by the Honourable
Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, Knight, and Captain John Monckton Coombs,
Agent to the Governor-General, in the name and on the behalf of the Most Noble
Francis, Marquis of Hastings, Knight Of the Most Noble Order of the Garter,
one of His Britannic Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, Governor-General
in Council of all the British Possessions in India, on the one part, and His
Highness Sri Sultan Alla Iddun Jowhar Allum Shah, King of Acheen, for
himself, his heirs and successors, on the other.
In consideration of the long and uninterrupted peace, amity, and
good understanding which has subsisted between the Honourable
English East India Company and His Highness's ancestors, the Kings
of Acheen, and in order to perpetuate and improve their friendship
to the advantage and prosperity of their mutual States and subjects,
it is hereby agreed and determined : —
Article 1.
There shall be a perpetual peace, friendship, and defensive alliance
between the States, dominions, and subjects of the high contracting
parties, neither of whom shall give any aid or assistance to the enemies
of the other.
Article 2.
At the request of His Highness the British Government engages
to require and to use its influence to effect the removal of Syfful
Allum from His Highness's territories, and the British Government
further engages to prohibit him or any of his family, as far as they
may be subject to their authority, from doing or committing in future
any act or acts tending to prevent or impede the full re-establishment
of His Highness's authority, His Highness the King engaging himself
to place at the disposal of the Supreme Government of British India
such Pension or Annuity as it may, in its wisdom, deem meet to
recommend for the" said Svfful Allum on the consideration of his
retiring to Penang, and engaging to relinquish all claims to the sove-
reignty of Acheen, within three months from the date hereof.
*
*
304
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
SUMATRA
No. CV.
Article 3.
His Highness the King grants to the British Government the free
trade of all his ports, and engages that the Duties on merchandize levied
at those ports shall be fixed and declared, and shall also be payable by
the resident merchant. His Highness likewise engages not to grant or
authorize a monopoly of the produce of his States by Any person
whatsoever.
Article 4.
His Highness engages, whenever the British Government may desire
it, to receive and protect an accredited Agent of the British Govern-
ment, with a suitable establishment, who shall be permitted to reside at
His Highness's Court for the purpose of conducting the affairs of the
Honourable Company.
Article 5.
In consideration of the injury which might result to the British trade
from its exclusion from the ports of His Highness's States not at present
subject to his authority, His Highness agrees and consents that ships
and vessels of Great Britain shall continue their commercial intercourse
with the Ports of Acheen and Jillusamauy, in the same manner as
heretofore, unless a temporary blockade of these ports or either of them
shall at any time be established by, and with the consent of, the
British Government or resident authority. It is clearly understood,
however, by the contracting parties, that no warlike stores or arms of
any kind shall be furnished, given, or sold to any of His Highness's
rebellious subjects by the vessels so trading to the aforesaid ports,
under penalty of confiscation of ship and cargo.
Article 6.
His Highness Sri Sultan Alia Iddun Jowhar Allum Shah agrees,
promises, and engages himself, his heirs and successors, to exclude the
subjects of every other European power, and likewise all Americans,
from a fixed habitation or residence in his dominions. He also en-
gages not to enter into any negociation or conclude any treaty with
any power, Princc x or Potentate whatsoever, unless with the knowledge
and consent of the British Government.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
305
Article 7.
His Highness engages" not to permit ths residence, in his dominions*
of any British subject to whom the Resident Agent shall offer any
objection.
Article 8.
The British Government agrees to give and furnish to His Highness,
without delay, all the arms and military stores which are detailed in
the paper appended to this Treaty, and signed by His Highness. The
British Government likewise agrees to advance to His Highness the.
sum of money therein mentioned, as a temporary loan> to be repaid
by His Highness at his earliest convenience.
Article 9.
This Treaty, consisting of nine Articles, has this day been concluded,
subject to the Ratification of the Governor-General within six months
from the date hereof, but it is to be understood that the several provi-
sions herein contained may be carried into immediate effect, without
awaiting the said Ratification.
Done- at Sridule, near . Pedir, in the Country of Acheen, on the 22nd
day of April, in the year of our Lord 1819, corresponding with the year
of Hegira 1234, and the 2§th day of Jemadil Akhir.
SUMATRA.
No. CV.
(Signed) T. S. Raffles.
99
John Monck^on Coombs.
99
Hastings.
J*
Jas. Stuart.
99
J. Adam.
J>
E. Colebrooke.
Q 2
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306 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
Suma tra. Eatified by His Excellency, the Governor-General in Council, this
No. cvi. 3rd day of April ^ A D 1820t
(Signed) C. T. Metcalfe,
• Secretary.
List of Articles referred to in the annexed Treaty, to hie furnished
by the Honourable East India Company to His Highness Sri Sultan
Allah Iddun Jowhar Allum Shah agreeable to the stipulation of the
eighth Article.
Arms and Military Stores.
Gunpowder, forty barrels ; Field pieces, six-prs. brass, four ; Bound
shot for ditto, four hundred ; Grape shot for ditto, four hundred ;
Muskets, complete, four hundred; Musket balls, thirty barrels;
Musket flints, three thousand.
Cash*
Spanish Dollars, fifty thousand.
(Signed) T. S. Raffles.
„ John Monckton Coombs.
Pedir, the 22nd April 1819.
No. CVI.
Translation of an Engagement from the Sultan Panguma of Delly*
Adverting to the letter from the Governor of Pulo Peiiang, brought
by Mr. Anderson, I, Tanko Sultan Panglima, who govern the Kingdom
of Dclly and its dependencies of Langkat, Bulu China, Perchoot, and
other States, being extremely desirous to improve the commerce with
Pulo Pcnang, and to pifeserve a friendly relation with the Governor
•%
• . TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 307
of that place, make this Engagement with the Governor of Pulo Sumatra.
Penang. No - CVI -
First. — If the Dutch or any other power should request a settle-
ment at Delly,\)r any of the places subject to my authority, I will not
grant it, nor will I make any exclusive contracts with them respecting
trade. I \yish to trade as formerly with the merchants of Pulo
Penang.
Second. — No other or greater Duti'es shall be charged than specified
in the list given to the former Agent of the Governor of Penang.
Third. — Traders of all descriptions from Penang shall be at perfect
liberty to import any goods they please, and buy and sell in any part
of my dominions free of all interruption, and I will render them every
aid in difficulty, in order that there may be an extensive trade, and
that merchants may flock in numbers to Delly.
Fourth. — I shall introduce the currency of small Dollars into thi 8
country.
Dated 1238, in the year Juri, 7th Jemadil Ahhir (or the \§th
February 1823>
(True copy) . '.
(Signed) J. W. Salmond,
Resident Councillor, Prince of Wales' Island.
I
»
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308
SUMATRA.
No. CVII.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD&
No. CVII.
Translation of an Engagement respecting the currency of Delly and the
Batta Countries. •
Signature of the Rajah Sibata Linga*
We, the Tuanko Sultan Panglima, who govern the kingdom of
Delly, and the great Batta Rajah Sibaya Linga, give this Engagement
to Mr. John Anderson, Agent of the Governor of Pulo Penang.
"With respect to the desire of the Governor of Penang, that small
Dollars shall pass current in Delly and its dependencies, we have
determined that they shall pass in future, and we request that Mr.
John Anderson will acquaint the Governor of the same,, on his return
to Penang, and give notice to the merchants of that place, that they
may bring or send small Dollars to Delly and Bulu China, .for the
purchase of pepper, for the currency is established.
Dated in the year Juri 1238, Monday, 7th of Jemadil Akhir (or
the \$th February 1823,).
(True copy)
(Signed) J. W. Salmond,
Resident Councillor, Prince of Wales' Island.
t.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 309
NO. CVIII. SUMATRA.
No. CVIII.
LANGKAT.
Tbanslation of an Engagement transmitted by the Rajah of Langkat.
Kejurnan Muda,
Raja of Langkat.
i
V
\
V
With respect to the letter from my friend, the Governor of Penang,
brought by his Agent, Mr. John Anderson, I have taken the subject of
it into consideration, and have had a full explanation regarding the
commerce of Langkat with Mr. Anderson. Being extremely desirous
to cultivate a more intimate correspondence with the. Governor of
Pulo Penang, and to encourage traders from that place to come to
Langkat, I am induced to send the Governor of Pulo Penang the
following Engagement for the purpose of strengthening and perpe-
tuating the friendship and mercantile communication with Pulo
Penang.
First. — I will make no exclusive contracts with the Dutch or any
other Government ; my intention and wish is to trade as hitherto with
Penang.
Second. — Any traders from Penang shall experience every assist-
ance from me, that they may have no difficulties, and that merchandise
may be imported into, and exported from, Langkat and Penang, with-
out interruption.
Third. — The duties of Langkat are fixed as follows, viz., — pepper,
2 dollars per hundred gantangs; rattans, fifty pice or half a
dollar per hundred bundles ; salt, four dollars per coyan ; rice, eight
dollars per coyan; and no more shall be charged upon these or
any other articles of trade.. On Europe cloths, opium, &c, no
Duty will be charged, and whoever pleases may bring and sell
them in Langkat; and it is my desire to encourage an extensive
demand.
4
;
•
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•
310 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDa
Sumatra . Fourth. — I will endeavour to introduce the currency of Dollars
No. cix. an( j Rupees to facilitate the trade ; but this is not settled yet.
Dated in the year Juri, 1838, 4th day of Jemadil Akhir (or the 16/A
February 1823J.
(True copy)
(Signed) J. W. Salmond,
Resident Councillor , Prince of Wales* Island. .
No. CIX.
Treaty of Commercial Alliance between the Honourable English East India
Company and His Majesty Paduka Sri Sultan Abdul Jallel Hallluddt
Henub Sultan Abdul Jallil Syphudin, King of Siack, Sri Endrapoora, and
dependencies, settled by Ma jor William Farquhar, Resident of Malacca, in virtue
of powers delegated to him by the Honourable John Alexander Banksrman,
Governor of Prince of Wales* Island and its dependencies.
Article 1.
The peace and friendship now happily subsisting between the
Honourable English East India Company and His Majesty the Sultan
of Siack, Sri Endrapoora, shall be perpetual.
Article 2.
The vessels and merchandize belonging to British subjects, or persons
being under the protection of the Honourable East India Company,
shall always enjoy in the ports and dominions subject to His Majesty
the Sultan of Siack, Sri Endrapoora, all the privileges and advantages,
which are now, or may at any time hereafter be, granted to the subjects
of the most favoured nations.
Article 3.
The vessels and merchandize belonging to the subjects of His Majesty
the Sultan of Siack, Sri Endrapoora, shall always receive similar ad-
vantages and privileges in the harbour of Fort Cornwallis, and in all
other places dependent on the British Government of Prince of Wales'
Island.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 311
Article 4. Sumatra.
His Majesty the Sultan of Siack, Sri Endrapoora, shall not renew
any obsolete and interrupted treaties with other nations, public bodies,
or individuals, 'the provisions of which may in any degree tend to
exclude or obstruct the trade of British subjects, who further shall
not be burthened with any impositions on Duties not levied on the
subjects of other States.
• •
ARTICLE 5.
His Majesty the Sultan of Siack, Sri Endrapoora, further engages
that he will, upon no pretence whatever, grant a monopoly of any
articles of trade or commodities, the produce of his territories, to any
person, or persons, European, American, or natives.
Article 6.
It is finally declared, that this Treaty which, according to the fore-
going Articles, is meant for promoting the peace and friendship of the
two States, and securing the liberty of commerce and navigation
between their respective subjects, to the mutual advantage of both,
shall last for ever.
In token of truth, and for the satisfaction of both parties, we
have hereunto affixed our signatures and seals at Bukit Battoo, in
\he kingdom of Siack, this Thirty-first day of the month August, in
the year of Our Lord 4818, answering to the Twenty-seventh day of
the month Sawal, in the year of the Hegirat 1233.
(Signed) W. FaRQUHAR, Major of Engineers,
Resident of Malacca,
and Commissioner on the part of the British Government
(True copy)
(Signed) J. W. SIlmond,
Resident Councillor, Prince of Wales* Island.
m
312 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND STTNNUDS. •
SUMATRA - NO. CX. „ ' .
No. CX.
Translation of an Engagement presented by the King of Slack to Ms. John
Anderson, Agent to the Governor of Fulo Penang.
The letter from the Honourable William Edward Phillips, Governor
of Pulo Penang, of which his Agent, Mr. John Anderson, had the
charge, duly reached His Majesty, who is seated on the throne of
Si^ck, and respecting all that is therein contained relating to the good
will of the Governor of Pulo Penang, and the improvement and en-
largement of mercantile connections between Siack and Pulo Penang,
His Majesty is impressed with the greatest satisfaction, because Siack
and its dependencies will thereby become populous, and there will be a
constant and beneficial intercourse with Penang ; wherefore His Majesty
in concert with his chiefs, viz. the Tuanko Panglima Besar, the Datu
Sri Pakama Rajah, the Datu Sri Biji Wangsa, the Datu Maharajah
Lela Muda, and the Tuan Imaum have confirmed tlje Treaty formerly
given to Colonel Farquhar, Agent of the Governor of Pulo Penang ;
and in addition to that, His Majesty and the five Chiefs above-named
make the following Engagement, and send it to the Governor of Pulo
Penang, for the purpose of strengthening and perpetuating their
reciprocal friendship, and that there may be no change or variation in
the connection between Siack and Pulo Penang for ever and ever.
First. — His Majesty and the five Chiefs will not grant the Dutch,
or any other nation, a settlement, or permit them to hoist their colours,
or reside at Siack or any place under its dominion.
Second. — His Majesty and Chiefs will not interrupt or prevent any
Noquedahs of vessels, or traders, from going to Penang, and will not
give them any orders to trade solely with Malacca, but they shall be
at full liberty to follow their own inclination, and proceed to Penang as
heretofore.
Tiiird. — There shall be no interference with the Chiefs of the
States tributary to Sikck, and they shall also have full power to enter
%
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TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
313
into any negotiations, or make any engagements with Penang, which Sumatra.
^shall no # t be liable to be altered or varied by his Majesty, and the • Ko * cx *
Datus and the Chiefs shall be at liberty to trade with Penang as they
please. • •
Fourth. — All merchants or traders coming from Penang to Siack,
shall meet with no interruption at Siajk, but be free to buy and sell
where they please.
Fifth. — To all prows, brigs, or ships, which may come to trade
at Siack, meeting with any accident, either there or a't sea, His Majesty
and the Chiefs engage to render them every possible assistance, to
enable them to return in safety to Penang."
Sixth. — The Duties established on imports from Penang, or export 8
from Siack, are fixed by a list delivered to Mr. John Anderson, and
they shall not be altered or vari&l.
Seventh. — His Majesty and Chiefs will not countenance or permit
any pirates to remain in Siack or its dependencies, but will turn them
out, in order that the trade between Siack and Pulo Penang may
flourish.
Eighth. — If His Majesty or his country should be involved in diffi-
culty, he will give immediate notice to the Governor Of Pulo Penang,
and beg assistance and advice.
Such is the Engagement of the King of Siack and his Chiefs sent to
the Governor of Penang.
Dated the \2th Rajah, in the year 1238 (or the 26th March 1823J.
(True copy)
(Signed) J. W. Salmond,
Resident Councillor, Prince of Wales' Island.
■*•"
r 2
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314
SIMATIU.
~No.CXI.~
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
No. CXI.
Translation of a Schedule of" the Import and Export Duties at Siack, as
delivered by the Kino and Chiefs to the Agent of the Governor of Pulo Fenang.
In the year 1238, \2th day of Eajab, Monday.
Whereas, Mr. John Anderson, Agent of the Governor of Pulo
Penang, arrived at Siack, and requested of His Majesty a document,
specifying the rate of Duties chargeable on merchandize at Siack, and
His Majesty has consequently given* to him the following Schedule,
fixing, the Duties on imports and exports : — *
IMPORTS.
On Opium 20 drs. per chest.
Salt 8 „ coyan.
Salt from Java 10 „ do.
Haw Silk 5 „ cent.
Coarse ami Europe Cloths 5 „ do.
M
Exports-
Galru 25 drs. per pecal.
Wax 2 „ da
G amber £ „ do.
Fish Hoes 2} „ 1,000
Salt Fish 2 m 1,000
Sa<ro
8
*t
co van
M erehand ize, the usual cargoes of junks of all sorts 5 drs. per cent.
All other articles are free of Import or Export Duly.
Memo, respecting the Duties.
The Duties at Assahan and Delly to be continued the same as fixed
in t* e Schedule formerly transmitted to Government, < f which copies
were furnished to me.
At Langkat the Duties are as specified in the Engagement of the
Rajah, marked No. 5 in the Appendix. (See No. CVIIL)
At Sirdang at present there are no Duties charged, except x>n
pepper and slaves, the former 1 dollar per 100 gantans, the other 1
dollar a head : this is by the Sultan Bcsar at Kampong Besar, but a
revision of the Duties is about to take place by the Chiefs there, and
some further imports are to be levied dh merchandize passing down
the river, by the Chiefs of Kampongs, Dorian and Kalamber. The
new arrangement will be hereafter communicated.
Batabura is, as I have before observed, a free port,
* (Signed) John Anderson,
Agent to the Government.
• ♦
SI AM.
The diplomatic relations of the British Government with Siam may
he said to have commenced with Mr. John Crawford's mission in 1821.
The chief object of this mission was to procure an unrestricted trade
with Siam. But Mr. Crawford's negotiations were unsuccessful.
In 1826 a Treaty (No. CXII.) was negotiated by Captain Burney,
with the view chiefly of preventing the Siamese from co-operating
with tho Burmese- during the first Burmese War, in which the British
Government was then engaged, and of providing for the peace of. the
Malayan Peninsula then disturbed, in consequence of the occupation of
Quedah by the Siamese. Besides the above Treaty, Captain Burney
effected a Commercial Agreement (No. CXIII.) with Siam. The
provisions of this Engagement were systematically violated by the
Siamese, and as the 6th Article placed British subjects under Siamese
laws, its abrogation was indispensable.
In 1850 Sir James Brooke was deputed to Siam armed with
plenipotentiary powers from the Queen. But his efforts to conclude
a satisfactory Treaty were unsuccessful. Five years later, however,
a Treaty (No. CXIV.) of friendship and commerce between Her
Majesty and the Kings of Siam was negotiated by Sir John Bowring.
In 1856 Mr. Parker conveyed to Siam the ratification of the Treaty
by the Queen, when an Agreement (No. CXV.) was. made with
Siamese Commissioners to give effect to the Treaty and to define
its intentions.
The dependencies of Siam in the Malayan Peninsula are Quedah,
Ligor, Tringanu, Calantan, and Potani. The Engagements with
Quedah have been already given (Nos. LXXXVI. to LXXXVIII).
In 1831, after the Rajah of Ligor had defeated the Ex-Rajah of Quedah
in an attempt to recover his country (see Quedah), the Resident of
Penang visited him at Quedah and concluded an Engagement
(No. CXVI.) with him regarding the boundaries of Province Wellesley,
in conformity with the 3rd Article of the Treaty of Bangkok.
This boundary has not, however, up to the present moment, been
actually marked out, the Commission, composed partly of British and
i
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316 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
_ SUM - partly of Siamese Officers, appointed Tor the performance of this duty,
No. cxn. joying dissolved, owing to the illness of some of the Members, before
its labors had been completed.
No. CXII.
Treaty with Si am, 1827.
The powerful Lord, who is in possession r *f every good, and every
dignity, the God Boodh, who dwells over every head in the city of the
si red and great Kingdom of Si-a-yoo-tha-yit ( Titles of the King of
Siam) Incomprehensible to the head and brain, the sacred beauty of
the royal palace, serene and infallible there, ( Titles of the Wangua or
second King of Siam,) have bestowed their commands upon the heads
of their Excellencies, the Minister^ of high rank, belonging to the
sacred and great King of dour Si-a-yoo-tha-y&, to assemble and frame
a Treaty with "Captain Henry Burney, the English Envoy, on the
part of the English Government, the Honorable East India Company,
who govern the countries in India belonging to the English under
the authority of the King and Parliament of England, and the
Right Honourable LTord Amherst, Governor of Bengal, and other
English Officers of high rank, have deputed Captain Burney as an
Envoy to represent them, and to frame a Treaty with their Ex-
cellencies, the Ministers of high rank belonging to the sacred and great
Kingdom of Si-a-yoo-tha-yfi, in view that the Siamese and the Eng-
lish nation may beco me great and true friends, connected in love and
affection, with genuine candour and sincerity, on both sides. * The
Siamese and English frame two uniform copies of a Treaty, m order
that one copy may be placed in the Kingdom of Siam, and that it may
become known throughout every great and small province subject to
Siam, and in order that one copy may be placed # in the kingdom of
Siam, and that it may become known throughout every great and
small province subject to Siain, and in order that one copy may be
placed in Bengal/ and that it may become known throughout every
••
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
317
great and small province subject to the English Government. Both siam.
copies of* the Treaty will be attested by the royal seal, by the seals of No> CXIL
their Excellencies the Ministers of high rank in the city of the sacred
and great kingdom of Si-a-yoo-tha-y&, and by the seals of the Right
Honourable Lord Amherst, Governor of Bengal, and of the other
English officers of high rank. •
Article 1.
The English and Siamese engage in friendship, love, and affection
with mutual truth, sincerity, and candour. The Siamese must not
meditate or CQmmit evil, so as to molest the English in any manner.
The English must not meditate or commit evil, so as to molest the
Siamese in any manner. The Siamese must not go and molest, attack,
disturb, seize, or take any place, territory, or boundary, belonging to the
English, in any country subject to the English. The English must
not go and molest, attack, disturb, seize, or take any place, territory, or
boundary, belonging to the Siamese in any country subject to the
Siamese. The Siamese shall settle every matter within the* Siamese
boundaries, according to their own will and customs. m
Article 2.
Should any place or country, subject to the English, do any thing
that may offend the Siamese, the Siamese shall not go and injure such #
place or country, but -first report the matter to the English, who will
examine into it with truth and sincerity, and if the fault lie with the
English, the English shall punish according to the fault. Should any
place or country subject to the Siamese do any thing that may offend
the English, the English shall not go and injure such place or country,*
but first report the matter to the Siamese, who will examine into it with
truth and sincerity, and if the fault lie with the Siamese, the Siamese
shall punish according to the fault. Should any Siamese place or
country, that is near an English country, collect at any time an army
or a fleet of boats, if the chief of the English country inquire the object
of such force, the chief of the Siamese country must declare it. Should
any English place or country, that is near a Siamese country, collect at
any time an army or a fleet of boats, if the chief of tbe Siamese country
•t
318
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
hiam. inquire the object of such forqe, the chief of the English country
N«. cxi I. mus t declare- it.
Article 3.
In places and countries belonging to the Siamese and English, lying
near their mutual borders, whether to the east, west, north,or south, if
the English entertain a doubt as to any boundary that has not been
ascertained, the chief^on the side of the English must send a letter,
with some men and people from his frontier posts to go and inquire from
the nearest Siamese chief, who shall depute some of his officers and
people from his frontier posts to go with the men belonging to the
English chief, and point out and settle the mutual boundaries, so that
they may be ascertained on both sides in a friendly manner. If a Siamese
chief entertain a doubt as to any boundary that has not been ascertained,
the chief on the side of the Siamese must send a letter, with some men
and people from his frontier posts, to go and inquire from the nearest
English chief, who shall depute some of his officers and people from his
fronfier posts, to go with the men belonging to the Siamese chief, and
point out and settle the mutual boundaries, so that they may be ascer-
tained on both ;*ides in a fricndlv manner.
Article 4.
Should any Siamese subject run and go and live within the bounda-
ries of the English, the Siamese must not intrude, enter, seize, or take
such person within the English boundaries, but must report and ask for
him in a proper m inner; and the English shall be at liberty to deliver
the party or not. Should any English subject run and ^o and live
within the boundaries ot the Siamese, the English must not intrude,
enter, seize, or take such parson within the Siamese boundaries, but
must report and a<k for him in a proper manner, and the Siamese shall
be at liberty to deliver the party or not.
Article 5 a
The English an 1 Siamese having concluded a Treatv. establishing a
sincere friendship between them, merchants subject to the English, and
their ships, junks, and boats, m-iy have intercourse and tralc with any
Siamese oOuntrv, which has much merchandize, and the Siamese will *
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
319
aid and protect them, and permit them to buy and sell with facility. Siam.
Merchants subject to the Siamese, and their boats,, junks, and ships, No - CXI1 -
may have intercourse and trade with any English country, and the
English will aic^ and protect them, and permit them to buy and sell
with facility. The Siamese desiring to go to an English country, or the
English desiring to go to a Siamese country, must conform to the
customs of the place or country on either side : should they bfe igno-
rant of the customs, the Siamese or English officers must explain them.
Siamese subjects who visit an English country must? conduct them- .
selves according to the established laws of the English country, in
every particular. English subjects who visit a Siamese country must
conduct themselves according to the established laws of the Siamese
country in every particular. •
Article 6.
Merchants subjeot to the Siamese or English going to trade either in
Bengal or any country subject to the English, or at Bangkok, or in
any country subject to the Siamese, must pay the Duties upon commerce
according to the customs of the place or country, on either side, and
such merchants and the inhabitants of the country shall be allowed to
buy and sell without the intervention of other persons in such coun-
tries. Should a ^Siamese or English merchant have any complaint of
suit, he must complain to the officers and governors on either side, and
they will examine and settle the same, according to the established
laws of the place or coiintry on either side. If a Siamese or English
merchant buy or sell without inquiring and ascertaining whether the
seller or buyer be of a good or bad character, and if he meet with a
bad ' man who takes the property ancl absconds, the rulers atid officers
must make search and, produce the person of the absconder and investi-
gate the matter with sincerity. If the party possess money or proper-
ty, he can be made to pay, but if he do not possess any, or if he can-
not be apprehended, it will be the merchant's own fault.
Article 7.
A merchant subject to the Siamese or English, going to trade in
any English or Siamese country, and applying to build godowns* or
f
320 TREATIES. ENGAGEMENTS, AND SCXXUDSL .
_ _^ am. ^ houses, or to buy or hire shops or houses, in which to place his
No.cxii. merchandize, the Siamese or English officers and rulers stall be flt
liberty to deny him permission to stay. If they permit him to stay
he shall land and take up his residencetficcording to suph terms as may
be mutually agreed on, and the Siamese or English officers and rulers
will assist apxl take proper care of him, preventing the inhabitants of "
the country from oppressing him, and preventing him from oppressing
the inhabitants of the country. Whenever a Siamese or English
merchant or subject who lias nothing to detain him, requests permission
to leave the country and to embark with his property on board of any
vessel, he shall be allowed to do so with facility.
Article 8.
If a merchant desire to go and trade in any place or country be-
longing to the English or Siamese, and his ship, boat, or junk meet with
any injury whatever, the English or Siamese officers shall afford ade-
quate assistance and protection. Should any vessel belonging to the
Siamese or English be wrecked in any place or country, where the
English or Siamese may collect any of the property belonging to such
vessel, the English or Siamese officers shall make proper inquiry and
cause the property to be restored to its owner, or in case of his death to
his heir, and the owner or heir will give a proper remuneration to the
person who may have collected the property. If any Siamese or
English subject die in an English or Siamese country, whatever pro-
perty he may leave shall be delivered to his heir. If the heir be not
living in the same country and unable to come, appoint a person by
letter to receive the property, the whole of it shall be delivered to
such perso/i.
•
Article 9.
Merchants, subject to the English, desiring to come and trade in any
Siamese country, with which it has not been the custom to have trade
and intercourse, must first go and inquire of the Governor of the
country. Should any country have no merchandize, the Governor
shall inform the ship that has come to trade that there is none. Should
any country have merchandize sufficient for a ship, the Governor shall
allow her to come and trade.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
321
Article 10.
SIAM.
* • • No. CXII.
The English and Siamese mutually agree, that there shall be an
unrestricted trade between them in the English countries of Prince of
Wales' Island, TVlalacca, and Singapore, and the Siamese countries of
Ligor, Merdilong Singora, Patani, Junkceylon, Quqdah, and other
Siamese provinces. Asiatic merchants of the English countries, not
being Burmese, Peguers, or descendants of Europeans, shall be allow-
ed to trade freely overland and by means ofc the fivers. Asiatic
merchants, not being Burmese, Peguers, or descendants of Europeans,
desiring to enter into, and trade with the Siamese dominions from the
countries of Mergui, Tavoy, Tenasserim, and Ye, which are now
subject to the English, will be allowed to do so freely, overland and by
water, upon the English furnishing them with proper certificates.
TJut merchants are forbidden to bring opium, which is positively a
contraband article in the territories of Siam, and should a merchant
introduce any, the Governors shall seize, burn, and destroy the whole
of it. • •
Article 11.
If an Englishman desire to transmit a letter to any person in a
Siamese or other # country, such person only and • no other shall open
and look into the letter. If a Siamese desire to transmit a letter to
any person in an English or other country, such person only and no
other shall open and look into the letter.
Article 12.
Siam shall not go and obstruct or interrupt commerce in the States
of Tringano and Calantan. English merchants and subjects shall
have trade and intercourse in future with the same facility and free-
dom as they have heretofore had, and the English shall not go and
molest, attack, or disturb those States upon any pretence whatever.
Article 13.
The Siamese engage to the English, that the Siamese shall remain
in Quedah and take proper care of that country, and of its people ; tile
inhabitants of Prince of Wales' Island and of Quedah shall have trade
S 2
322 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD&
siam^ a nd intercourse as heretofore ; the Siamese shall levy no duty upon
No. cxn. 8 t <)C k an( ] provisions, such as cattle, buffaloes, poultry, fish, paddy, and
rice, which the inhabitants of Prince of Wales' Island or ships there
may have occasion to purchase in Quedah, and the Siamese shall not
farm the mouths of rivers or any streams in Quedah, but shall 'levy fair
and proper Import and Export Duties. The Siamese further engage,
that when Chao Phya of Ligor returns from Bangkok, he shall release
the slaves, personal .servants, family, and kindred belonging to the
former Governor of Quedah, and permit them to go and live wherever
they please. .The English engage to the Siamese, that the English do
not desire to take possession of Quedah, that they will not attack or
disturb it, nor permit the former Governor of Quedah, or any of his
followers, to attack, disturb, or injure in any manner the territory of
Quedah, or any other territory subject to Siam. The English engage that
they trill make arrangements for the former Governor of Quedah to go and
live in some other country, and not at Prince of Wales* Island or Prye 9
or in Perak, Salengore, or any Burmese country. If the English do
not let the fanner Governor of Quedah go and live in some other
country as here engaged, the Siamese may continue to levy an Export
Duty upon pad*ly and rice in Quedah.* The English will not prevent
any Siamese, Chinese, or other Asiatics at Prince of Wales* Island
from going to reside in Quedah if they desire it.
Article 14.
«
The Siamese and English mutually engage that the Rajah of Perak
shall govern his country according to his own will. Should he desire
to send the gold and silver flowers to Siam as heretofore, the English
will not prevent his doing as he may desire. If Chao Phya of Ligor
desire to send down to Perak, with friendly intentions, forty (40) or fifty
(50) men, whether Siamese, Chinese, or other Asiatic subjects of
Siam ; or if the Rajah of Perak desire to send any of his ministers or
officers to seek Chao Phya of Ligor, the English shall not forbid them.
The Siamese or English shall not send Any force to 'go and molest,
attack, or disturb Perak. The English will not allow the State of
" * N0TK.--TI1C clauses in i talk's have bven annulled at the rait test of the Court uf Sium,
r/i/f l'ul. Cons., 22ml Jhne 1S42.
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• TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 323
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Sitlcnirore to attack or disturb Perak, and the Siamese shall not Si AM.
go and attack or disturb Salengore. The arrangements stipulated No * CX,L
in these two last articles respecting Perak and Quedah, Chao
Phya of Ligo» shall execute as soon as he returns home from
Bangkok.
The fourteen Articles of this Treaty let the great and subordinate
*
Siamese and English officers, together with every great and small
»
province, hear, receive, and obey without fail. Their Excellencies the
ministers of high rank, at Bangkok, and Captain ftenry Burney,
whom the Right Ho jourable Lord Amherst, Governor of Bengal, deput-
ed as an Envoy to represent his Lordship, framed this Treaty together,
in the presence of Prince Krom Meun Soorin Thiraksa, in the city
of the sacred and great Kingdom of Si-a-yoo-tha-y&. f
The Treaty, written in the Siamese, Malayan, and English lan-
guages, was concluded on Tuesday, the First day of the seventh
decreasing Moon,- 1188, year dog 8, according to the Siamesa ./Era,
corresponding with the Twentieth day of June, 1826, of the European
iEra.
Both copies of the Treaty are sealed and attested by their Excellen-
cies the ministers, and by Captain Henry Burney. Oile copy Captain
Henry Burney will take for the Ratification of the Governor of Bengal,
and one copy, bearing the royal seal, Chao Phya of Ligor will take
and place at Quedah. Captain Burney appoints to return to Prince of
Wales' Island in seven months, in the sexsond Moon of the year dog 8,
and to exchange the Ratifications of this Treaty with Phra Phal^-di-
Bori-rak, at Quedah. Thu Siamese and English shall form a friendship
that shall be perpetuated, that shall know no end or interruption as
Ions as Heaven and Earth endure.
(A literal translation from the Siamese.)
(Signed) H. Burney;, Captain,
# Envoy to the Court of Stain.
(Signed) Amherst.
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321
Tit KATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
__?JA M, ._ Ratified by the Right Honourable the Governor-General, in Camp
No. cxn. at Agra, this Seventeenth day of January, One Thousand Eight
Hundred and Twenty-seven.
By Command of the Governor-General.
(Signed) A. Sterling,
Secretary to Government,
• In attendance on the Govern or- General*
/
X
\
Seal of
i Chao Phya
x Phollo-thep.
x
/ Seal of \
ChaoPhya *
Akho Mahasena
Kalabonc.
Seal of \
Chao Pliya
y Tharana. j
Seal of
ChaoPhya
\ Yomoraht.
(Signed) Com bermer f.
yy
J. II. Harington.
*)
YT. B. Bat ley.
N
By command of the Vice-President in Council.
(Signed) George Swinton, •
Secretary to Government.
II. Bi'RNEY, Captain,
Knroy to the Court of Siam 9 from the
Iki'jht Honourable the G ovc xv or- General of British India.
• "
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TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 325
No. CXIII. siam.
• * No. CXIII.
Commercial Treaty of 1827.
Their Excellencies the Ministers and Captain Henry Burney
having settled a Treaty of Friendship, consisting of fourteen Articles,
now frafte the following Agreement with respect to English vessels
desiring to come and trade in the city of the sacrad and^great Kingdom
of Si-a-yoo-tha-y& (Bangkok).
Article 1.
Vessels belonging to the subjects of the English Government,
whether Europeans or Asiatics, desiring to come and trade at Bangkok,
must conform to the established laws of Siam in every particular.
Merchants coming to Bangkok, are prohibited from purchasing paddy
or rice for the purpose of exporting the same as merchandize, and if
they import fire-arms, shot, or gunpowder, they are prohibited from
selling them to any party but to the Government. Should the
Government not require such fire-arms, shot, or gunpowder, the mer-
chants must re-export the whole of them. With exception to such
warlike stores, and paddy and rice, merchants subjects of the English,
and merchants at Bangkok, may buy and sell without the intervention
of any other person, and with freedom and facility. Merchants coming
to trade, shall pay at once the whole of the duties and charges consolid-
ated according to the breadth of the vessel. •
If the vessel bring an import cargo, she shall be charged seventeen
hundred (1,700) ticals for each Siamese fathom in breadth.
If the vessel bring no import cargo, she shall be charged fifteen
hundred (1,500) ticals for each Siamese fathom in breadth.
No import, export, or other Duty shall be levied upon the buyers
or sellers from, or to, English subjects.
Article 2.
Merchant vessels, the property of English subjects, arriving off
the bur, must first anchor and stop there, and the Commander of the
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32G
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
iam. VCS8e l must despatch a person with an account of the cargo, and a
c 1If * return of the people, guns, shot, and powder, on board the vessel,
for the information of the Governor, at the mouth of the river, who
will send a pilot and interpreter to convey the established regulations
to the Commander of the vessel. Upon the pilot bringing the vessel
over the bar, she must anchor and stop below the chokey,. which the
interpreter will point out. * +
Article 3.
The proper officers will go on board the vessel and examine
her thoroughly, and after the guns, shot, and powder have been
removed and deposited at Paknam. (port at the mouth of the
Menam), the Governor of Pakuam will permit the vessel to pass up to
Bangkok,
Article 4.
Upon the vessel's arriving at Bangkok, the officers of the customs
will go on board and examine her, open the hold, and take an account
of whatever cargo may be on board, and after the breadth of the
vessel has been* measured and ascertained, the merchants will be
allowed to buy and sell according to the first article of this Agreement.
Should a vessel, upon receiving an export cargo, find that she caunot
cross the bar with the whole, and that she must hire cargo boats to
take down a portion of the cargo, the officers of the customs
an^ chokcys shall not charge any further Duty upon such cargo
boats.
Article 5.
Whenever a vessel or cargo bo:it completes her lading, the
Commander of the vessel must go and ask Chao Phya Phra Khlang
for a port clearance, and if there be no cause for detention, Chao
Phva Phra Khlanjr shall deliver the port clearance without delav.
When the vessel, upon her departure, arrives at Paknam, she must
anchor and stop at the usual chokey, and after the projier officers
have gone on board and examined her, the vessel may receive her
guns, shot, and powder, and take her departure.
• TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 327
Article 6. _? IAM __
Merchants being subjects of the English Government, whether
Europeans or Asiatics, the Commanders, officers, lascars, and the whole
of the crew of* vessels, must conform to the established laws of Siam,
and to the stipulations of this Treaty in every particular. If merchants
of every class do not observe the Articles of this Treaty, and oppress
the inhabitants of the country, become thieves or bad men, kill men,
speak offensively of, or treat disrespectfully any. great or subordinate
officers of the country, and the case become important in any way
whatever, the proper officers shall take jurisdiction of it, and punish
the offender. If the offence be homicide, and the officers, upon inves-
tigation, see that it proceeded from evil intention, they shall punish
with death. If it be any other offence, and the party be the com-
mander or officer of a vessel, or a merchant, he shall be fined. If he
be of a lower rank, he shall be whipped or imprisoned, according to
the established laws of Siam. The Governor of Bengal will prohibit
English subjects, desiring to come and trade at Bangkok, from speak-
ing disrespectfully or offensively to, or of the great officers in Siam.
If any person at Bangkok oppress any English subject, he shall be
punished according to his offence in the same manner.
The six ArticleS of this Agreement, let the Officers at Bangkok, and
merchants subject to the English, fulfil and obey in every particular.
(A literal translation from the Siamese.)
(Signed) IT. Burnet, Captain,
Envoy to the Court of Siam.
' Kins: \
of sea" 8 / (Signed) Amherst.
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328
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD&
si am. _ Ratified by tlie Right Honourable the Governor-General, in Camp, at
°' " ' Agra, this Seventeenth day of January, One Thousand Eight Hundred
and Twenty-seven.
By. Command of the Governor-General,
■
(Signed) A. Sterling,
. • Secretary to Government,
In attendance on the Govefnor-GeneraL •
, Seal" of
Chao Pliva
Chak-kri.
/
Seal of
Chao Phva ^ , G . - x
Akho Mahasena V^gned)
Kalahouc. /
\
CoMBERMERE.
Seal of
( Chao Phya
,phra Khlang.
Seal of
Chao Phya
Thuranu.
/
I Seal of
Chao Phya
\ Yoinoraht.
yy
yy
J. H. Harington.
W. B. Bayley.
By command of the Vice-President in Council,
(Signed) George Swinton,
Secretary to Government.
(Signed) II. BuRNEY, Captain,
Envoy to the Court of Siam, from the
Riyht Honourable the Governor-General oj British India*
• •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
329
No. CXIV.
Treaty of 1855 with Siam.
SUM.
No. CXIV.
Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland and all its dependencies, and their Majesties Phra Bard
Somdetch Phra Paramendo Maha Mongkut Phra Choni Klan Chan
Yu Hua, the first King of Siam, and Phra Bard Somdetch Phra
Pawarendo Ramese Mahiswarese Phra Pin Klan Chan Yu Hua, the
second King of Siam, desiring to establish, upon firm and lasting
foundations, the relations of peace and friendship existing between
the two countries, and to secure the best interests of their respective
subjects, by encouraging, facilitating, and regulating their industry
and trade, have resolved to conclude a Ireaty of Amity and Com-
merce for this purpose, and have therefore named as their Plenipoten-
tiaries ; that is to say,
Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, Sir John
^owring, Knight, Doctor of Laws, &c, &c, *
And their Majesties the first and second Kings of Siam, His Royal
Highness Krom Hluang Wongsa Dhiraj Snidh; His Excellency
Somdetch Chan Phaya Param Maha Puyura Wongse ; His Excellency
Somdetch Chan PJiaya Param Maha Bijaineate ; His Excellency Chan
J?haya Sri Suriwongse Samuha Phra Kralahome ; and His Excellency
Chan Phaya, acting Phraklang.
Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full
powers, and found them to be in good and due form, have agreed upon
and concluded the following Articles: —
Article L — T lere shall henceforward be prepatuil peace and friend-
ship between Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland
and Her successors, and their Majesties the first and second King3 of
Siam and their successors. All British subjects coming to Siam shall
receive from the Siamese Government full protection and assistance to
enable them to reside in Siani in all security, and trade with every
facility, free from oppression or injury on the part of the Siamese.
And all Siamese subjects going to an English country shall receive from
the British Government the same complete protection and assistance
that shall be granted to British subjects by the Government of Siam.
1 x 2
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330 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
SIA]vr - Article II. — The interests of all British subjects coming to Siam
' shall be placed under the regulation and control of a Consul, who will
be appointed to reside at Bangkok. He will himself conform to, and
will enforce the observance by British subjects of all - the provisions
of this Treaty, and such of the former Treaty negotiated by Captain
Burney in 1826 as shall still remain in operation. He shall also give
effect to all Rules or Regulations as are now or may hereafter be
enacted for the # Govejrnment of British subjects in Siam, the conduct
of their trade,, and for the prevention of violations of the Laws of
Siam. Any disputes arising between British and Siamese subjects
shall be heard and determined by the Consul in conjunction with the
proper Siamese Officers ; and criminal offences will be punished, in the
case of English offenders, by the Consul, according to English Laws,
and in the case of Siamese offenders, by their own Laws, through the
Siamese authorities. But the Consul shall not interfere in any matters
referring solely to Siamese, neither will the Siamese authorities inter-
fere in questions which only concern the subjects of Her Britannic
Majesty.
It is understood, however, that the arrival of the British Consul at
Bangkok shall not take place before the Ratification of this Treaty,
nor until ten vessels owned by British subjects, sailing under British
colors and with British papers, shall have entered the Port of Bangkok
for the purposes of trade, subsequent to the signing of this Treaty.
Article III. — If Siamese, in the employ of British subjects, offend
against the Laws of their country, or if any Siamese having so offend-
ed, or desiring to desert, take refuge with a British subject in Siam,
• they shall be searched for, and upon proof of their guilt or desertion,
shall be delivered up by the Consul to the Siamese authorities. In like
manner, any British offenders, resident or trading in Siam, who may
desert, escape to, or hide themselves in Siamese territories, shall be
apprehended and delivered over to the British Consul on his requisi-
tion. Chinese not able to prove themselves to be British subjects, shall
not be considered as such by the British Consul, nor be entitled to his
protection.
Article IV. — British subjects are permitted to trade freely in all
the sea-ports of Si?m, but may reside permanently only at Bangkok
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TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 331
•
or within the limits assigned by this Treaty. British subjects coming siam.
to reside at Bangkok may rent land and buy or build houses, but No * CXIV -
cannot purchase lands within a circuit of 200 seng (not more than 4
miles English). from the City walls, until they shall have lived in Siam
for*ten years, or shall obtain special authority from the Siamese Govern-
ment to enable them to do so. But, with the exception of this limit-
ation, British residents in Siam may at any time buy or rent houses,
lands, or plantations situated any where within a distance of twenty-
four hours' journey from the City of Bangkok, to be computed by the
rate at which boats of the country can travel. In order to obtain
possession of such lands or houses, it will be necessary that the British
subject shall, in the first place, make application through the Consul
to the proper Siamese Officer, and th^ Siamese Officer and the Consul
having satisfied themselves of the honest intentions of the applicant,
will assist him in settling, upon equitable term^, the amount of the
purchase-money, will make out and fix the boundaries of the pro-
perty, and will convey the same to the British purchaser under sealed
Deeds, whereupon he and his property shall be placed under the pro-
tection of the Governor of the district, and that of the particular
local authorities : he *hall conform in ordinary matters to any just
directions given him by them, and will be subject to the same taxation
that is levied on Siamese subjects. Bat if, through negligence, the
want of capital, or other cause, a British subject should fail to com-
mence the cultivation or improvement of the lands so acquired within
a term of three years Trom the date of receiving possession thereof,
the Siamese Government shall have the power of resuming the pro-
perty upon returning to the British subject the purchase-money paid
by him for the same.
Article V. — All British subjects intending to reside in Siam shall
be registered at the British Consulate. They shall not go out to sea,
nor proceed beyond the limits assigned by this Treaty for the residence *
of British subjects, without a passport from the Siamese authorities,
to be applied for by the British Consul, nor shall they leave Siam if
the Siamese authorities show to the British Consul that legitimate
objections exist to their quitting the country. But within the limits
appointed under the preceding Article, British subjects are at liberty
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332
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AKD SUKNUSS.
siam. to travel to and fro under the protection of a Pass, to be furnished them
°' CXIV by the British Consul, and counter-sealed by the proper Siaraese'Officer,
stating, in the Siamese character, their names, calling, and description.
The Siamese Officers at the Government Stations in the interior may,
at any time, call for the production of this Pass ; and, immediately*on
its being exhibited, they must allow the parties to proceed, but it will
be their duty to detain those persons who, by travelling without a
Pass from the Consul, render themselves liable to the suspicion of
their being deserters ; and such detention shall be immediately report-
ed to the Consul.
Article VI. — All British subjects visiting or residing in Siam Bhall
be allowed the free exercise of the Christian Religion, and liberty to
build Churches in such localities as shall be consented to by the
Siamese Authorities. The Siamese Government will place no re-
strictions upon the employment, by .the English, of Siamese subjects
as servants, or in any other capacity. But wherever a Siamese subject
belongs or owes service to some particular master, the servant who
engages himself to a British subject, without the consent of his master,
may be reclaimed by him, and the Siamese Government will not
enforce an Agreement between a British subjeet and any Siamese in
his employ, unless made with the knowledge and consent of the master,
who has a right to dispose of the services of the person engaged.
Article VII. — British Ships of "War may enter the river and anchor
at Paknam, but they shall not proceed above Paknam, unless with the
consent of the Siamese authorities, which shall be given where it is
necessary that a ship shall go into dock for repairs. Any British
Ship of War conveying to Siam a public functionary, accredited by
the British Government to the Court of Bangkok, shall be allowed to
come up to Bangkok, but shall not pass the Forts called Phrachamit and
Pit-pach-nuck, unless expressly permitted to do so by the Siamese
Government. But in the absence of a British Ship of War, the
Siamese authorities engage to furnish the Consul with a force sufficient
to enable him to give effect to his authority over British subjects, and
to enforce discipline among British Shipping.
Article VIII. — The measurement Duty hitherto paid by British
vessels trading to Bangkok, under the Treaty of 1826, shall be abolished
t
TBEATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 333
SIAM.
from the* date of this Treaty coming into operation; and British No * CXIVt
Shipping or Trade will thenceforth be only subject to the payment
of Import and Export Duties on the goods landed or shipped.
On all articles of import, the Duty shall be three per cent., payable
at the option of the importer, either in kind or money, calculated upon
the market value of the goods. Drawback of the full amount of Duty
shall be allowed upon goods found unsaleable and re-exported. Should
the British Merchant and the Custom House Officers disagree as to
the value to be set upon imported articles, such disputes shall be
referred to the Consul and proper Siamese Officer, who shall each
have the power to call in an equal number of Merchants as assessors,
not exceeding two on either side, to assist them in coming to an equit-
able decision. #
Opium may be imported free of Duty, but can only be sold to the
Opium farmer or his agents. In the event of 'no arrangement being
effected with them for the sale of the Opium, it shall be re-exported,
and no Impost pr Duty shall be levied thereon. Any infringement of
this Regulation shall subject the Opium to seizure and confiscation.
Articles of export, from the time of production to the date of ship-
ment, shall pay one Impost only, whether this be* levied under the
name of Inland Tax, Transit Duty, or Duty on exportation. The Tax
or Duty to be paid on each article of Siamese produce, previous to or
upon exportation, is specified in the Tariff attached to this Treaty ; and
it is distinctly agreed, that goods or produce that pay any description
of Tax in the interior shall be exempted from any further payment of
Duty on exportation. English merchants are to be allowed to ' pur-
chase directly from the producer the articles in which they trade, and
in like manner to sell their goods directly to the parties wishing to pur-
chase the same, without the interference, in either case, of any other
person.
The rates of Duty laid down in the Tariff attached to this Treaty are
those that are now paid upon goods or produce shipped in Siamese or
Chinese vessels or junks ; and it is agreed that British Shipping shall
enjoy all the privileges now exercised by, or which hereafter may be
granted to, Siamese or Chinese vessels or junks.
British subjects will be allowed to build ships in Siam on obtaining
permission to do so from the Siamese authorities.
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331 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
> IAM - Whenever a scarcity may be appreKended of salt, rice, *and fish,
' c ' the Siamese Government reserve to themselves the right of prohibiting,
by public proclamation, the exportation of these articles.
Bullion or personal effects may be imported or exported free of
charge.
Article IX. — The Code of Regulations appended to this Treaty shall
be enforced by the Consul, with the co-operation of the Siamese Autho-
rities, and they, the said Authorities and Consul, shall be enabled to
introduce any further Regulations which may be found necessary in
order to give effect to the objects of this Treaty.
All fines and penalties inflicted for infraction of the provisions and
regulations of this Treaty shall be paid to the Siamese Government
Until the British Consul shall Arrive at Bangkok and enter upon
his functions, the consignees of British vessels shall be at liberty to
settle with the Siamese Authorities all questions relating to their trade.
Article X. — The British Government and its subjects will be
allowed free and equal participation in any privileges # that may have
been, or may hereafter be, granted by the Siamese Government to
the Government or subjects of any other nation.
Article XL — After the lapse of ten years from the date of the
Ratification of this Treaty, upon the desire of either the British or
Siamese Government, and on twelve months' notice* given by either
party, the present, and such portions of the Treaty of 1826 as remain
unrevoked by this Treaty, together with the Tariff and Regulations
thereunto annexed, or those that may. hercaftci* be introduced, shall
be subject to revision by Commissioners appointed on both sides for
this purpose, who will be empowered to decide on and insert therein
sufli amendments as experience shall prove to be desirable.
Article XII. — This Treaty, executed in English and Siamese, both
versions having the same meaning and intention, and the Ratifications
thereof having been previously exchanged, shall take effect from
the 6th day of April, in the year 1856 of the Christian Era, corre-
sponding to the 1st day of the fifth month* of the One Thousand Two
Hundred and Eighteenth year of the Siamese Civil Era.
In witness whereof the above-named Plenipotentiaries have signed
and sealed the present Treaty in quadruplicate at Bangkok, on the
Eighteenth day of !Aprih, in the year 1855 of the Christian Era,
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TREATTES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUJS. 385
corresponding to the Second day of the Sixth month of the One SIAM.
Thousand Two Hundred and Seventeenth year of the Siamese Civil Era. No * CXIV -
(Signed) *John Bowring. '
(Signatures and Seals of the five Siamese Plenipotentiaries.)
• .
General Regulations under which British Trade is to be conducted
in Siam.
Regulation I. — The Master of every English ship coming to
Bangkok to trade must, either before or after entering the river,
as may be found convenient, report the arrival of his vessel at the
Custom House at Paknam, together with the number of his crew
and guns, and the port from whence he comes. Upon anchoring his
vessel at Paknam, he will deliver into the custody of the Custom
House Officers all his guns and ammunition, and a Custom House
Officer will then be appointed to the vessel, and will proceed in her
to Bangkok.
Regulation II. — A vessel passing Paknam without discharging her
guns and ammunftibn, as directed in the foregoing Regulation, will
be sent back to Paknam to comply with its provisions, and will be
fined eight hundred ticals for having so disobeyed. After delivery
of her guns and ammunition, she will be permitted to return to
Bangkok to trade.
Regulation III. — When si British vessel shall have cast anchor at
Bangkok, the Master, unless a Sunday should intervene, will, within
four-and-twenty hours after arrival, proceed to the British Consulate,
and deposit there his Ship's Papers, Bills of Lading, &c, together
with a true Manifest of his Import Cargo j and upon the Consul's
reporting these particulars to the Custom House, pernyssion to break
bulk will at once be given b£ the latter.
For neglecting so to report his arrival, or for presenting a false
Manifest, the Master will subject himself, in each instance, to a
penalty of four hundred ticals ; but he will be allowed to correct, within
twenty-four hours after delivery of it to the (jJonsul, any mistake he
•
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*
* •
t
336 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
sum, may discover in his Manifest, without incurring the above-mentioned
N * CXIV - penalty.
Reyulation IV — A British" vessel breaking bulk and commencing
to discharge before due permission shall be obtained, or smuggling,
either when in the river or outside the bar, shall be subject to the
penalty of eight hundred ticals • and confiscation of the. goods so
smuggled or discharged.
Regulation V. — As soon as a British vessel shall have discharged
her cargo and completed her outward lading, paid all her Duties, and
delivered a true Manifest of her outward cargo to the British Consul,
a Siamese Port Clearance shall be granted her on application from the
Consul, who, in the absence of any legal impediment to her departure,
will then return to the Master his Ship's Papers, and allow the vessel
to leave. A Custom House Officer will accompany the vessel to
Paknam, and on arriving there, she will be inspected by the Custom
House Officers of that Station, and will receive from them th$ guns
and ammunition previously delivered into their charge.
Regulation VI. — Her Britannic Majesty's Plenipotentiary having
no knowledge of the Siamese language, the Siamese Government have
agreed, that the English text of these Regulations, together with
the Treaty of -which they form a portion, and the Tariff hereunto
annexed, shall be accepted as conveying in every respect their true
meaning and intention.
o
Tariff of Export and Inland Duties to be levied on Articles of Trade*
Section I — The undermentioned articles shall be entirely free
from Inland or other Taxes on production, or transit, and shall pay
Export Duty as follows : —
Ticul. 8alnng. Fuang. Han.
1 Ivory 10 per picuL
2 Gamboge ... ! 6 ditto.
3 Rhinoceros' Horns ... 50 ditto.
4 Cardamoms, best 14 ditto.
5 Ditto, Bastard 6 ditto.
6 Dried Mussels 1 ditto.
7 Pelicans' Quills 2 2 ditto.
•
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I
V
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNttPS.
Tin*].
Siduug
FUai
Hud. SIAM.
8 'Betel-nut, dried
1
per picul. So. CXI1
9 Krachi Wood
2
ditto.
10 Shark/ Fins, White
6
. ditto.
11 Ditto, Black
3
ditto.
12 Luckrabatt Seed
2
ditto.
13 Peacocks' Tails
10
per 100 tails.
14 Buffaloe and Cow Bones...
3 per picul.
15 Rhinoceros' Hides
2
o"
■ ditto.
16 Hide Cuttings
1
ditto.
17 Turtle Shells
1
ditto.
18 Soft ditto
1
ditto.
19 Biche de Mer
• 3
ditto.
20 Fish Maws
3
ditto.
21 Birds' Nests, uncleaned ...
20 per cent
22 Kingfishers' Feathers
6
per 100.
23 Cutch
2
per picul.
24 Beyond Seed (Nus Vomi-
ca)
2
ditto.
25 Pungtarai Seed
2
or ditto.
26 Gum Benjamin ...
4
jditto.
27 Angrai Bark
2
ditto.
28 AgillaWood
2
ditto.
29 Ray Skins
3
ditto.
30 OldDeers' Horns
1
ditto.
31 Soft or young do.
10 per cent.
32 Deer Hides, fine
8
per 100.
33 Ditto, common
3
ditto. *
34 Deer Sinews
4
per picul.
35 Buffaloe and Cow Hides...
1
ditto.
36 Elephants' Bones
1
ditto.
■37 Tigers' Bones
5
ditto.
38 Buffaloe Horns ...
1
ditto.
39 Elephants' Hides
1
ditto.
40 Tigers' Skins
1
per skin.
41 Armadillo Skins
4
per picul.
42 Stick Lac ...* ...
1
1
*0 ditto.
S38
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
SIAM.
NoTcxTv!
Tical.
Sailing.
Fnang.
Hun.
43 Hemp 4
... 1
2
per picftl.
44 Dried Fish, Plaheng
... 1
2
ditto.
45 Ditto, Plasalit
... 1
ditto.
•
46 Sapan Wood
...
2
1
ditto.
47 Salt Meat
... A0
ditto.
48 Mangrove Bark
...
1
ditto.
49 Rose Wood
...
2
ditto.
50 Ebony*
... 1
ditto.
51 Rice
... 4
per kogan.
Section II. — The undermentioned articles being subject to the
Inland or Transit Duties herein named, and which shall not be increased,
shall be exempt from Export Dirty : —
Tical. Salung. Fnang. Hon.
52 Sugar, White
...
...
2
per picul.
53 Ditto, Red
. a •
• . .
1
ditto.
54 Cotton, clean and uncleaned
10 per cent
55 Pepper
...
...
1
per picuL
56 Salt Fish, Platu
...
...
1
per 10,000 fish.
57 Beans jjnd Peas
...
...
one-twelfth.
58 Dried Prawns
...
• • •
ditto.
59 Till Seed ...
...
a • •
ditto.
60 Silk, Raw ...
• •
• • •
ditto.
61 Bees' Wax
...
a • •
one-fifteenth.
62 Tallow
...
a • •
1
%
per picul.
63 Salt
...
• • •
6
per kogan.
64 Tobacco ...
...
...
1
2
per 1,000 bdla.
Section III. — All goods or produce unenumerated in this Tariff shall
be free of Export Duty, and shall only be subject to one Inland Tax
or Transit Duty, not exceeding the rate now paid.
(Signed) John Bowring.
(Signatures ^nd Seals of the five Siamese Plenipotentiaries).
•
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TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 339
No. CXV. SUM.
No. CXV.
Agreement with Si am, made in 1856.
Agreement entered into between the undermentioned Royal Com-
missioners, on the part of their Majesties the First and Second Kings
of Siam, and Harry Smith Parkes, Esquire, on the part of Her
Britannic Majesty's Government. * •
Mr. Parkes having stated, on his arrival at Bangkok, as bearer of
Her Britannic Majesty's Ratification of the Treaty of Friendship and
commerce concluded on the 18th day of April 1855, between Her
Majesty the Queen of the United* Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, and their Majesties Phra Bard Somdetch Phra Paramendy
Maha Mongkut Phra Cham Klan Chan Yu Hua, the First King of Siam,
and Phra Bard Somdetch Phra Pawarendr Ramesr Mahiswaresr Phra
Pin Klan Chan Yu Hua, the Second King of Siam, that he was in-
structed by the Earl of Clarendon, Her Britannic Majesty's Principal
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, to request the Siamese Govern-
ment to consent to an enumeration of those Articles of the former
Treaty, concluded in 1826, between the Honourable Eg,st India Com-
pany and their laj:e Majesties the First and Second Kings of Siam,
which are abrogated by the Treaty first named, and also to agree to
certain explanations which appear necessary to mark the precise force
and application of certain portions of the new Treaty, their aforesaid
Majesties, the First and Second Kings of Siam, have appointed and
empowered certain Royal Commissioners, namely, His Royal High-
ness Krom Hluang Wang-sa Dhiraj Snidh, and their Excellencies the
four Senaputhies or Principal Ministers of Siam, to confer and arrange
with Mr. Parkes the matters above-named, and the said Royal Com-
missioners having accordingly met Mr. Parkes for this purpose on
repeated occasions, and maturely considered all the subjects brought
by him to their notice, havfc resolved —
That it is proper, in order to prevent future controversy, that those
clauses of the old Treaty, which are abrogated by the new Treaty,
should be distinctly specified, and that any clause of the new Treaty,
4
4
340 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
_? IAM __ which is not sufficiently clear, should be fully explained. To .this end
they have agreed to and concluded the following twelve Articles :-*-
*
Article L •
On the old Treaty concluded in 1826.
The Articles of the old Treaty not abrogated by the new" Treaty on
1, 2, 3, 8, 11, 12, 13, and 14, and the undermentioned clauses of
Articles 6 and 10.
In Article 6, the Siamese desire to retain the following clause : —
" If a Siamese or English Merchant buy or sell without enquiring
and ascertaining whether the seller or buyer be of a good or bad
character, and if he meet with ca bad man who takes the property
and absconds, the rulers and Officers on either side must make search
and endeavour to produce the property of the absconder, and investi-
gate the matter with sincerity. If the party possess money or proper-
ty, he can be made to pay ; but if he does not possess any, or if he
cannot be apprehended, it will be the Merchant's own fault, and the
Authorities cannot be held responsible. ,,
Of Article 10 f Mr. Parkcs desires to retain that clause relating to
the Overland Trade, which states: —
" Asiatic Merchants of the English countries, not, being Burmese,
Pegouans, or descendants of Europeans, desiring to enter into and to
trade with the Siamese dominions from the Countries of Mergui,
Tavoy, Tenasserim, and Ye, which arc now subject to the English,
will be allowed to do so freely overland and by water, upon the
English furnishing them with proper Certificates." Mr. Parkes,
however, desires that all British subjects, without exception, shall be
allowed to participate in this Overland trade. The said Royal Com-
missioners therefore agree, on the part of the Siamese, that all traders
under British rule may cross from the British Territories of Mergui,
Tavoy, Ye, Tenasserim, Pegu, or other places, by land or by water,
to the Siamese territories, and may trade there with facility, on the
condition that they shall be provided by the British Authorities
with proper Certificates, which must be renewed for each jour-
ney.
•
• •
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 341
The Commercial Agreement annexed to the old Treaty is abrogated SUM.
by *he new Treaty, with the exception of the undermentioned clauses °*
of Articles 1 and 4 : —
Of Article 1, the Siamese desire to retain the following clause: —
"British Merchants importing fire-arms, shot, or gunpowder, are
prohibited^from selling them to any party but the Government; should
the Government not require such fire-arms, shot, or gunpowder, the
Merchants must re-export the whole of them." •
Article 4 stipulates that no charge or Duty shall be levied on boats
carrying cargo of British ships at the bar. The Siamese desire to cancel
this clause, for the reason that the old measurement Duty of 1,700
ticals per fathom included the fees of the various officers. But as
this measurement Duty has now been abolished, the Siamese wish to
levy on each native boat taking cargo out to sea a fee of 8 ticals
2 salungs, this being the charge paid by Siamese traders ; and
Mr. Parkes undertakes to submit this point to the consideration of
Her Majesty's Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of Siam.
Article 2.
On the Exclusive Jurisdiction of the Consul over British Subjects.
The 2nd Article of the Treaty stipulates that t€ any disputes arising
between British and Siamese subjects shall be heard and determined
by the Consul in conjunction with the proper Siamese Officers ; and
criminal offenders will" be punished, in the case of English offenders,
by the Consul, according to English laws, and in the case of Siamese
offenders, by their own laws, through the Siamese Authorities." But
the Consul shall not interfere in any matters referring solely to Siamese,
neither will the Siamese authorities interfere in questions which only
concern the subjects of Her Britannic Majesty.
On the non-interference of the Consul with the Siamese, or of the
Siamese with British subjects, the said Royal Commissioners desire,
in the first place, to state thfit, while for natural reasons, they fully ap-
prove of the Consul holding no jurisdiction over Siamese in their own
country, the Siamese Authorities, on the other hand, will feel them-
selves bound to call on the Consul to apprehend and punish British
subjects, who shall commit, whilst in Siamese territory, any grave
>
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342 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUD8.
siam. infractions of the laws, such as cutting, wounding, or inflicting other
°* y ' serious bodily harm. But in disputes or in offences of a slighter
nature committed by British subjects among themselves, the Siamese
Authorities will refrain from all interference. •
With reference to the punishment of offences, or the settlement of
disputes, it is agreed : —
That all criminal cases in which both parties are British subjects, or
in which the defendsyit is a British subject, shall be tried and deter-
mined by the British Consul alone.
All criminal cases in which both parties are Siamese, or in which
the defendant is a Siamese, shall be tried and determined by the
Siamese Authorities alone.
That all civil cases in which both parties are British subjects, or
in which the defendant is a British subject, shall be heard and deter-
mined by the British Consul alone. All civil cases in which both
parties are Siamese, or in which the defendant is a Siamese, shall be
heard and determined by the Siamese Authorities alone.
That whenever a British subject has to complain against a Siamese,
he must make his complaint through the British Consul, who will lay it
before the proper Siamese Authorities.
That in all caSes in which Siamese or British subjects are interested,
the Siamese Authorities in the one case, and the British Consul in the
other, shall be at liberty to attend at and listen to the investigation of
the case, and copies of the proceedings will be furnished from time to
time, or whenever desired, to the Consul or the Siamese Authorities,
until the case is concluded.
That although the Siamese may interfere so far with British subjects
as to call upon the Consul, in the manner stated in this Article, to punish
grave offences when committed by British subjects, it is agreed that
British subjects, their persons, houses, premises, lands, ships, or pro-
perty of any kind, shall not be seized, injured, or in any way interfered
with by the Siamese. In case of any violation of this stipulation, the
Siamese Authorities will take cognizance df the case, and punish the
offenders. On the other hand, Siamese subjects, their persons, houses,
premises, or property of any kind, shall not be seized, injured, or in
any way interfered \yith by the English, and the British Consul shall
investigate and punish any breach of this stipulation.
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
343
Article 3. siam .
Orf the Right of the British Subjects to dispose of their property No ' cxv »
at will.
By the 4th 'Article of the Treaty, British subjects are allowed to
purchase in Siam " houses, gardens, fields, or plantations." It is agreed
in refererfbe to this stipulation, that British subjects, who have accord-
ingly purchased houses, gardens, fields, or plantations, are at liberty
to sell the same to whomsoever they please. Infthe event of a British
subject dying in Siam, and leaving houses, lands, or any property, his
relations, or those persons who are his heirs according to English laws,
shall receive possession of the said property ; and the British Gonsul,
or someone appointed by the British^ Consul, may proceed at once to
take charge of the said property on their account. If the deceased
should have debts due to him by the Siamese or other persons, the
Consul can collect them ; and if the deceased should owe money, the
Consul shall liquidate his debts as far as the estate of the deceased
shall suffice.
Article 4.
On the Taxes, Duties, or other Charges leviable on British Subjects.
The 4th Article of the Treaty provides for the payment on the lands
held or purchased by British subjects, of €C the same taxation that is
levied on Siamese subjects." The taxes here alluded to are those set
forth in the annexed schedule. v
Again, it is stated in the 8th Article, " that British subjects are to
pay Import and Export Duties according to the Tariff annexed to the
Treaty." For the sake of greater distinctness, it is necessary to add
to these two clauses the following explanation, namely, that beside the
•Land Tax, and the Import and Export Duties mentioned in the afore-
said Articles, no additional charge or Tax of any kind may be imposed
upon a British subject, unless it obtain the sanction both of the supreme
Siamese Authorities and the British Consul.
Article 5.
On Passes and Port Clearances.
The 5th Article of the Treaty provides that passports shall be grant-
ed to travellers, and the 5th Article of the Regulations, that port clear-
344 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
si am. ances shall be furnished to ships. In reference thereto, the said Royal
No.cxv. Commissioners, at the request of Mr. Parkes, agree that the passports
to be given to British subjects travelling beyond the limits assigned
by the Treaty for the residence of British subjects, together with the
passes for cargo boats and the port clearances of British ships, shall
be issued within twenty-four hours after formal application for the
same shall have been made to the proper Siamese Authorities. But if
reasonable cause shoqjd at any time exist for delaying or withholding
the issue of any of these papers, the Siamese Authorities must at once
communicate it to the Consul.
Passports for British subjects travelling in the interior, and the port
clearances of British ships, will be granted by the Siamese Authori-
ties free of charge.
Article 6.
On the prohibition of the Exportation of Rice, Salt, and Fish, and
on the Duty on Paddy.
The 8th Article of the Treaty stipulates, that " whenever a scarcity
may be apprehended of salt, rice, and fish, the Siamese Government
reserve to themselves the right of prohibiting, by public proclamation,
the exportation of these articles." #
Mr. Parkes, in elucidation of this clause, desires an Agreement to this
effect, namely, that a month's notice shall be given by the Siamese
Authorities to the Consul prior to the enforcement of the prohibition,
and that British subjects, who may previously obtain special permission
from the Siamese authorities to export a certain quantity of rice which
they have already purchased, may do so even after the prohibition
comes in force. Mr. Parkes also requests that the Export Duty on
paddy should be half of that on rice, namely, 2 ticals per koyan.
The said Royal Commissioners, having in view the fact that rice
forms the principal sustenance of the nation, stipulate that, on the
breaking out of war or rebellion, the Siamese may prohibit the trade
in rice, and may enforce the prohibition so long as the hostilities
thus occasioned shall continue. If a dearth should be apprehended
on account of the want or excess of rain, the Consul will be informed
one month previous * to the enforcement of the prohibition. British
merchants who obtain the Royal permission, upon the issue of the
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\i
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 345
proclamation, to export a certain quantity of rice which they have SIAM.
already purchased, may do so irrespective of the prohibition to the No * CXV *
contrary ; but those merchants who do not obtain the Royal permis-
sion will not Be allowed, when the prohibition . takes effect, to export
the ric^ they may already have purchased.
The prohibition shall be removed as soon as the cause of its being
imposed shall hav.e ceased to exist.
Paddy may be exported on payment of a Duty .of 2 ticals per
koyan, or half the amount levied on rice.
Article 7.
On permission to Import Gold-leaf as Bullion.
Under the 8th Article of the Treaty, bullion may be imported
or exported free of charge. With reference to this Clause, the
said Royal Commissioners, at the request of Mr. Parkes, agree that
foreign coins of every denomination, gold and silver in bars or ingots,
and gold-leaf, may be imported free ; but manufactured articles
in gold and silver, plated-ware, and diamonds or other ppecious stones,
must pay an Import Duty of three per cent
Article 8.
On the Establishment of a Custom House.
The said Royal Commissioners, at the request of Mr. Parkes, and
in conformity with the intent of the 8th Article of the new Treaty,
agree to the immediate establishment of a Custom House, under the
6uperintendency of a high Government Functionary, for the exami-
nation of all goods landed or shipped, and the receipt of ihe Import
and Export Duties due thereon. They further agree that the business
of the Custom House shall be conducted under the regulations
annexed to this Agreement.
■
^Article 9.
On ihe subsequent Taxation of Articles now free from Duty.
Mr. Parkes agrees with the said Royal Commissioners, that when-
ever the Siamese Government deem it to be beneficial for the country
w '2
#
3 ±6 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
__ S ! AM - to impose a single Tax or Duty on any article not now subject to a
• public charge of any kind, they are at liberty to do so, provided that
the said tax be just and reasonable.
Article 10.
On the Boundaries of the Four-mile Circuit
m
It is stipulated in the 4th Article of the Treaty, that " British
subjects coming 1*) reside at Bangkok may rent land, and buy or build
houses, but cannot purchase lands within a circuit of 200 sen (not
more than four miles English) from the city walls, until they shall have
lived in Siam for ten years, or shall obtain special authority from the
Siamese Government to enable thevn to do so."
The points to which this circuit extends due north, south, east,
and west of the city, and the spot where it crosses the river below
Bangkok, have accordingly been measured by Officers on the part of
the Siamese and English ; and their measurements, having been ex-
amined and agreed to by the said Royal Commissioners and Mr.
Parkes, are marked by stone pillars placed at the under-mentioned
localities, viz. : — *
On the Norths — One sen north of Wat Kcmahherataram.
On the East:— Six sen and* seven fathoms south-west of Wat
Bangkopi.
On the South: — About nineteen sen south of the village of
Bangpakio.
On the West: — About, two sen south-west of the village of
Bangphrom.
The pillars marking the spot where the circuit line crosses the
river below Bangkok are placed on the left bank three sen below- the %
village of Bangmanan, and on the right bank about one sen below
the village of Banglampuluem.
Article 11. *
On the Boundaries of the 21~hours 9 Journey.
It is stipulated in the 4th Article of the Treaty, that, "excepting
within the circuit of four miles, British merchants in Siam mny at any
time buv or rent houses, lands, or plantations, situated any where
X
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•
TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 347
within # a distance of twenty-four hours' journey from the city of SIAM.
Bangkok, to be computed by the rate at which boats of the country No - cxv *
can travel."
The said Royal Commissioners and Mr. Parkes have consulted
together on this subject, and have agreed that the boundary of the
said twenty-four hours' journey shall be as follows: —
1. On the North: — The Bangputsa Canal, from its mouth on the
Chow Phya River to the old City walls of Lobpary, and a straight
line from Lobpary to the landing-place of Thra of Phrangam, near to
the Town of Saraburi, on the River Pasak.
2. On the East :— A straight line drawn from the landing place of
of Thra Prangam to the junction of the Klongkut Canal with the
_ W f
Bangpakong River ; the Bangpakong River from the junction of the
Klongkut Canal to its mouth ; and the coast from the mouth of the
. ... . •
Bangpakong River to the Isle of Srimaharajah, to such distance inland
as can be reached within twenty-four hours' journey from Bangkok.
3. On the South: — The Isle of Srimaharajah and the Islands
of Se-change on the *east side of the Gulf, and the City walls of
Petchaburi on the west side.
4. On the West : — The W^tern Coast of the Gulf to the mouth
of the Mecklong River to such a distance inland as can be reached
within # twenty-four hours' journey from Bangkok ; the Mecklong River
from its mouth to the City walls of Kagpury ; a straight line from
the City Walls of Kagpury to the Town of Swbharnapury, and a
straight line from the Town of Swbharnapury to the mouth of the
Bangputsa Canal on the Chow Phya River.
Article 12.
On the Incorporation in the Treaty of this Agreement.
The said Royal Commissioners agree, on the part of the Siamese «
Government, to incorporate all the Articles of this Agreement in the
Treaty concluded by the # Siamese Plenipotentiaries and Sir John
Bowring on the 18th April 1855, whenever this shall be desired by
Her Britannic Majesty's Plenipotentiary.
In witness whereof the said Royal Commissioners and the said
Harry Smith Parkes, have sealed and signed* this Agreement in
34-8 . TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
f
SIAM * duplicate, at Bangkok, on the Thirteenth day of May, in the year One
No. cxv. thousand Eight Hundred and Fifty-six of the Christian Era, correspond-
ing to the Ninth day of the waxing Moon of the lunar month of
Wesakh, in the year of the Quadrupedi Serpent; being 1 the year One
Thousand Two Hundred and Eighteen of the Siamese Astronomical Era,
which is the Nineteenth of Her Britannic Majesty's and Syc&h of their
present Siamese Majesties' Reigns.
[L. S.] ^Signed) His Royal Highness Keom Hluang
WONGSA DHIRAJ SnIDH.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Somdet Chan Phya
Param Maha Bijai Neate.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Phya Sri
SUBI-WONGSE SAMUHA PhBA Ka-
lahome.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Phya Phra
Klang.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Phya Your
Morat.
[L. S.] m „ Harry S. Parkes.
m Approved.
(Signed) John* Bo wring.
Schedule of Taxes on Garden, Ground Plantations, or other Lands.
Section I. — Trenched or raised lands planted with the following
eight sorts of fruit-trees are subject to the long assessment, which is
calculated on the trees grown on the land (and not on the land itself) ;
and the amount to be collected annually by the proper officers, and "
paid by them into the Royal Treasury, is endorsed on the Title Deeds
or Official Certificate -of tenure.
1. — Betel-nut Trees.
First class (Makek), height of stem from 3 to 4
fathoms, pay per tree ... 138 Cowries.
Second class (Makto), height of stem from 5 to
€ fathoms, pay per tree ... ... ... ... 128 „
•
• •
•
TBEAT1ES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 349
Third class (Maktri), height of stem from 7 to SIAM.
8 fathoms, pay per tree ... ... ... ... 118 Cowries. No. cxv.
Fourth class (Makpakarai), trees just commenc-
ing to bear • pay per tree 128 „
Fifth class (Maklek), height of stem from 1 sok
and upwards, to size of fourth class, pay
per tree >•• ... ... ... ••• ... Ov ,,
2. — Cocoa-nut Trees. * • .
Of all sizes, from I sok and upwards in height of
stein, pay per 3 trees ... ... ... ... 1 sailing.
3. — Siri Vines.
9
All sizes, from 5 sok in height and upwards, pay
• per tree or pole, when trained on tunglang trees 200 cowries.
4. — Mango Trees.
Stem of four kam in circumference, at the height
of 3 sok from the ground, or from that size
and upwards, pay per tree ... ... ... 1 fuang.
5. — Maprang Trees. m
Are assessed at the same rate as Mango Trees.
6. — Durian Trees.
Stem of 4 kam in circumference, at the height of
3 sok from the ground, or from that size and
upwards, pay per tree ... ... ... ,... t tical.
7. — Mangos teen -Trees.
Stem of 2 kam in circumference, at the height
of 1 and a half sok from the ground, pay
per tree ... ... ... ••• ... ... 1 fuang.
*
8. — Langsut Trees.
Are assessed at the same rate as Mangosteen.
Note. — The long assessment is made under ordinary circumstances
once only in each reign, and plantations or lands having once been
assessed at the above-mentioned rates, continue to pay the same annual
•
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350 TBEATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUKNUDS. *
SIAM> sum, which is endorsed on the Certificate of Tenure (subject to the
°* * ' revisions granted in case of the destruction of the trees by drought
. or flood) until the next assessment is made, regardless of the new
trees that may have been planted in the interval, or the old trees that
may have died off. " When the time for a new assessment arrives,
a fresh account of the trees is taken, those that have died* since the
former one being omitted, and those that have been newly planted
being inserted, provided they have attained the above-stated dimen-
sions; otherwise they are free of charge.
Section 2. — Trenched or raised lands planted with the following
eight sorts of fruit trees are subject to an annual assessment, calculated
on the trees grown on the lands, in the following manner, that* is
to say—
1. — Orange Trees.
Five kinds (Som-kio-wan, Som-pluck-bang, Som-
l'-eparot, Som-kao-Sungo), stem of six ngui in
circumference close to the ground, or from that
size and upwards, pay per 10 trees ... ... 1 fuang. -
All other kinds of Orange trees of the same size.
as the above, pay per 15 trees ... ... ... 1 „
2. — Jack Fruit Trees. • %
Stem of 6 kam in circumference at the height of
2 sok from the ground, or from that §izc and
upwards, pay per 15 trees ... * 1 „
•
• 3. — Bread Fruit Trees.
Are assessed at the same rate as Jack Fruit trees.
4. — Mali fax Trees.
Stem of 4 kam -in circumference, at the height
of 2 sok from the ground, or from that size and
upwards, pay per 12 trees ... ... ... 1 fuang.
5. — Guava Trees.
Stem of 2 kam in circumference, at the height
of 1 kub from the ground, or from that size and
upwards, pay per 12 trees ... ... ... 1 „
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TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS. 351
% 6.—Saton Trees. _i^ M /_
o • /• • i •-• e% ii«i * No. CXV..
stem ot six kam in circumference, at the height
of 2 sok from the ground, or from that size and
upwards, pay per 5 trees 1 fuang.
7. — Bomhutan Trees.
Stem of four kam in circumference, at the height
of 2 sok from the ground* or from that size an$
upwards, pay per -5 trees ... ... ... 1
8. — Pine Apples.
Pay per thousand plants ... ... 1 Salung 1 fuang.
Section 3. — The following six kinds of fruit trees, when planted
in trenched or untrenched lands, or in any other manner than as plan-
tations .subject to the long assessment described in^ Section 1, are
assessed annually at the undermentioned rates : —
99
Mangoes ... ... ••• •••
... 1
fuang per tree.
Tamarind ... ...
.. 1
„ per 2 trees.
„ per 20 trees.
Custard Apples ...
... 1
Plain tains...
... 1
„ • per 50 roots.
Siri vines (trained on poles) jj| J...
•••• 1
„ j>er 12 vines.
Pepper vine^
... 1
„ per 12 vines.
Section 4. — Trenched or raised lands planted with annuals of all
sorts pay a Land Tax of one salung and one fuang per rai for each crop.
*An annual fee of «> salungs and 1 fuang is also charged by the
Nairowang (or local Tax Collector) for each lot or holding of trenched
land, for which an official title or certificate of tenure has been taken
out.
When held underthe long assessment, and planted with the eight sorts
of fruit trees described in Section 1, the annual fee paid to the Nairo-
wang for each lot or holding of trenched land, for which an official
title or certificate of tenure has been taken out, is 2 salungs.
•Section 5. — Untrenched or low lands planted with annuals of all
sorts pay a tand-tax of 1 salung and 1 fuang per rai for each crop.
No land-tax is levied on those lands if left uncultivated.
Sixty cowries per tical are levied as expenses of testing the quality
of the silver on all sums paid as taxes under trfe long assessment.
352 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNOTD8.
siam» Taxes paid under the annual assessment are exempted from
Wo. cxv. c harge, •
Lands having once paid a Tax according to one or other of die
above-mentioned rates, are entirely free from all other taxes or
charges.
[L. S.] (Signed) His Royal Highness Krox Hluang
TVgngsa Dhiraj Snidh.
[L. S.] • „ • His Excellency Somdet Chan Phya
Param Maha Bijat Xeate.
[L*. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Phya Srt
Slri-wongse Samara Phra Ka-
LAHOME.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Phya Phra
Kla\g.
[L. S.] " „ His Excellency Chan Phya Yox
MORAT.
[L. S.] „ Harry S. Parkes.
Approved.
(Signed) John Bo wring*
Custom House Regulations.
1. A Custom House is to be built at Bangkok, near to the anchor-
age, and officers must be in attendance there between 9 A, 1 and«3
p. m. The business of the Custom House must be carried on between
those hours. The tide-waiters required to superintend the landing or
shipment of goods will remain in waiting for that purpose from day-
light until dark.
2. Subordinate Custom House » ttEcers shall be appointed to each
shir> : their number shall not be limited, and thev mav remain on
board the vessel or in boats alongside. The Custom House Officers
appointed to the vessels Outside the bar wiy have the option of resid-
ing on board the ships, or of accompanying the cargd boats -on
their passage to and fro.
3. The landing, shipment, or transhipment, of goods may be
carried on onlv between sun-rise and sun-set.
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# • TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNOTSU 353
4. All cargoes landed or shipped shall be examined and passed slam.
by fiie Custom House Officers within twelve hours of day-light after N * CXVr
the receipt, at the Custom House, of the proper application. The
manner in whiih such application and examination is to be made shall
be settled by the Consul and the Superintendent of Customs.
5. Duties may be paid by British merchants in ticals, foreign
coin, or bullion, the relative values'of which will be settled by the
Consul and the proper Siamese Officers. The # Siamese will appoint
whomsoever they may please to receive payment of the Duties. '
6. The receiver of Duties may take from the merchants 2 salungs
per catty of 80 ticals for testing the money paid to him as Duties,
and for each stamped receipt given by him for Duties he may charge
6 salungs. # *
7. Both the Superintendent of Customs and the British Consul
shall be provided with sealed sets of balance-yards, money weights,
and measures, which may be referred to in the event of any difference
arising with the merchants as to the weight or dimension of money
or goods.
[L. S.] (Signed) His Eoyal Highness Krom Hluang
WONGSA DHIRAJ SNIDH.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency SomdetT!han Phya
• Param Maha Bijai Neate.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Phya Sri
SURI-WONGSE SAMAHA PHRA Ka-
LAnOME.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Phya Phra
Klang.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Pyha Yom
Morat.
[L. S.] „ 4 Harry S. Parkes.
Approved.
(Signed) John Bowring*
x 2
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352 TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
siam» Taxes paid under the annual assessment are exempted from this
No. cxv. charge. •
Lands having once paid a Tax according to one or other of the
above* mentioned rates, are entirely free from all other taxes or
charges.
[L. S.] (Signed) His Royal Highness Krom Hluang
WONGSA DniRAJ SnIDH.
[L. S.] * „ «■ His Excellency Somdet Chan Phya
Param MAnA Bijai Neate.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Ciian Phya Sri
.. Suri-wongse Yamaha Phra Ka-
LAHOME.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Phya Phra
Klang.
[L. S.] * „ His Excellency Chan Phya Yom
Morat.
[L. S.] „ Harry S. Parkes.
Approved.
(Signed) John Bo wring.
Custom House Regulations.
1. A Custom House is to be built at Bangkok, near to the anchor-
age, and officers must be in attendance there between 9i. M. and »3
p. m. The business of the Custom House must be carried on between
those hours. The tide-waiters required to superintend the landing or
shipment of goods will remain in waiting for that purpose from day-
light until dark. #
2. Subordinate Custom House Officers shall be appointed to each
ship : their number shall not be limited, and they may remain on
board the vessel or in boats alongside. The Custom House Officers
appointed to the vessels outside the bar wi[l have the option of resid-
ing on board the ships, or of accompanying the cargo boats* on
their passage to and fro.
3. The landing, shipment, or transhipment, of goods may be
carried on only between sun-rise and sun-set.
/
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•
• • TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNIXDSU 353
4. All cargoes landed or shipped shall be examined and passed siam.
by Jhe Custom House Officers within twelve hours of day-light after N * cxv *
the receipt, at the Custom House, of the proper application. The
manner in whiih such application and examination is to be made shall
be settled by the Consul and the Superintendent of Customs.
5. Duties may be paid by British merchants in ticals, foreign
coin, or bullion, the relative values'of which will be settled by the
Consul and the proper Siamese Officers. The m Siamese will appoint
whomsoever they may please to receive payment of the Duties. '
6. The receiver of Duties may take from the merchants 2 salungs
per catty of 80 ticals for testing the money paid to him as Duties,
and for each stamped receipt given by him for Duties he may charge
6 salungs. *
7. Both the Superintendent of Customs and the British Consul
shall be provided with sealed sets of balance-yards, money weights,
and measures, which may be referred to in the event of any difference
arising with the merchants as to the weight or dimension of money
or goods.
[L. S.] (Signed) His Eoyal Highness Krom Hluang
WONGSA DHIRAJ SNIDH.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency SomdetT!han Phya
• Param Maha Bijai Neate.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Phya Sri
Suri-wongse Samaha Phra Ka-
LAHOME.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Phya Phra
Klang.
[L. S.] „ His Excellency Chan Pyha Yom
Morat.
[L. S.] „ 4 Harry S. Parkes.
Approved.
(Signed) John Bowring*
x 2
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354 " TREATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUUS.
__siam._ No, CXVL
No. CXVI. •
Treaty with Ligor, in 1831.
Engagement betwixt Robert Ibbetson, Esquire, Resident of Singa-
pore, Pulo Penang, and Malacca, who has come into the Quedah Country,
and the Chow Phya of Ligor Sr Tamrat, who is under the dominion of
Somdet Phra Phootthee Chow Yo Hooa, who is the supreme ruler
over the great country of Sri Ayoottheeya, viz. Siam. With refer-
ence to the third Article of the Treaty betwixt Somdet Phra Phoot-
thee Chow Yo Hooa, who is the supreme ruler over the great country
pf Sri Ayoottheeya, and the British Government, it is now agreed
on betwixt the above contracting parties, viz. the Chow Phya of
Ligor Si Tamrat and Robert Ibbetson, Esquire, Resident of Singapore,
Pulo Penang, and Malacca, and with respect to the subject of the
boundary betwixt the British territory of Province Wellesley and
the country and Government of Quedah, that the said boundary
shall be as follows : from Summatool, on the south bank of the Soon*
gei Qualla Mooda, by a road leading to the River Prye, at a spot tea
orlongs east of the River Soongei Dua Hooloo, then descending the
middle of the P*ye River, to the mouth of the River Soongie Sintoo,
then ascending the Soongei Sintoo in a straight direction eastward,
and up to the Hill Bukit Moratajum, then from Bukit Moiatajum
along the range of hills called Bukit B era tor, to a place on the north
bank of the River Kreean, five orlongs above and* east of Bukit Tungal;
and it is agreed that brick or stone pillars shall be erected, one at the
boundary of Sumatool, another at the boundary of the Prye River,
and a third at the boundary on the Kreean River.
Two copies of this Agreement have been made out, and to 4hes?
have been affixed the seal of the Honourable English Company, and
the signature of Robert Ibbetson, Esquire, Resident of Singapore,
Pulo Penang, and Malacca, and the chop or seal of the Chow Phya
of Ligor Si Tamrat ; one copy to be regained by each of the above
contracting parties, and the said Agreement has been written in three
languages, the Siamese, Malayan, and English, on Wednesday, the
Second day of November, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Thirty-
one of the English Era, and the Twelfth day of the Moon's decrease in
TBEATIES, ENGAGEMENTS, AND SUNNUDS.
355
the Eleventh month in the year of the Hare, One Thousand One SIAM *
Hundred and Ninety-three Sasok. No ' CXVL
(Signed) R. Ibbetson,
Resident of Singapore, Prince of Wales' i g^ ^ ^
# Island, and Malacca, \\
(Signed) James Low,
Assistant Resident and Translator.
• •
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SB
APPENDIX.
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• %
APPENDIX.
The following are the Sunnuds for Lord Clive's jagheer, referred to bengal.
in page 3, and the Sunnuds for the reversion of the jagheer to the
Company.
1. SuNNUDybr Colonel Clive's Munaub.
HIS MAJESTY.
On Saturday, the 12th of Rabbi-ul-Sauni, in the fourth of the
glorious and happy Reign, and the 1171st year of the Hegira, in
the Ressalla of the glory of the nobility, and rank of Ameers,
the shrine of grandeur and dignity, instructed both in the ways
of devotion and weakh, to whom the true glory of religion and
kingdoms is known ; the bearer of the lance of fortitflde and
respect ; the embroiderer of the carpet of magnificence and
greatness ; the support of the empire and its dependencies, to
whom it is entrusted to govern and aggrandize the empire ; the
conductor of victory "in the battles fought for the dominion of
the world ; the distributer of life in the councils of State, to
whom the most secret recesses of the mysteries of government
are discovered ; the master of the arts of penetration and circum-
# speetion ; the brightness of the mirror of truth and fidelity ; the
light of the torch of sincerity and integrity 5 who is admitted to
and contributes to the determinations of the royal councils ; a
participator of the secrets of the penetralia of friendship ; who
presides equally over the sword and the pen ; moderator of the
affairs of the earth ; chief of the Khans of the most exalted
rank ; the pillar of the Ameers of the greatest splendour ; the
trust of the zealous champions of the faith ; the glory of heroes
in the fields of war, and the administrator of the affairs of the
immoveable empire ; councillor of enlightened wisdom and exalted
dignity ; adorned with friendship and honors, endowed with
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I.
vi APPENDIX.
; *•
BENGA L, jaghire, taking a receipt under the seal of the Daroga and Mushru£ and
Treasurer ; now in the like manner you are regularly to deliver to "the aforemen-
tioned jaghirdar the rents, according to the stated payments, and receive a receipt
from the aforesaid person. Bq punctual in the strict execution«of this writing.
Written the* 1st of Zeckaida, 6th sun of the Reign.
(The Nabob's Mark,)
'Endorsements.
•
D. H.
It has* passed. Copied in the books Entered in the book
N. B. of the Dewanny, the of Huzzoor, the 1st of
(The Botroyan's signing.) 1st of the Mohurrum, . Mohurrum, the 6th sua
the 6th year of the of the Reign.
Reign. •
N. #.— (Signed by the N. B.— (Signed by
Dewanny Secretary, Pesh- the Nabob's Moonshee.)
# kar or Accountant.)
" 3. Sunnud from the Nabob for the reversion in perpetuity of Lord Cltvb's jaghire to the
Company.
Be it known to the Counsellors ami Chiefs of the English Company, the
present and future JVf uttaseddees, the Chowdrahs, Canongpos, ' Muccuddemi,
Riotts, Muzarries, and all other inhabitants of Pergunnahs of Calcutta, &c,
in the Circar of Sautgaum, &c, in the Province of Bengal.
The sum of 2,22,958 Sicca Rupees and odd, agreeably to the Dewanny
Sunnud, and the Sunnud of the high and mighty Shujah ul Mulck, Hossam
6 Dowla, Meer Mahomed Jaffier Khan Behauder, Mahabut Jung, Nazim of
the Province, has been appointed from the aforesaid Pergunnahs, belonging
to the Chuckla of Hooghly, &c, in the Circar of Sautgaum, &c, the Zemin-
darry of the English Company, as an unconditional jaghire, to the high and
mighty Zubdut ul Mulck, Nasseer ul Dowla, Lord Clive, Behauder : NoW
likewise the said Pergunnahs are confirmed, as an unconditional jaghire to
the high and mighty aforesaid, from the 16th of May of the 1764th year
of Christ, (answering to the 14th of Zeckaida, pf the 1177th year of the
Hegira,) to the 16th of May of the 1774th year of Christ, (answering to the
8th of Rabbi-ul-Awul, of the 1188th year of the Hegira,) being ten yean, of
which one year is expired, and there are nine to come, they shall appertain
About the 13th of July 1759
: * .
"J
J
I
' # # APPENDIX. vii
l
as an 'unconditional jaghire, to the high and mighty aforesaid ; and BENGi
after the expiration of this term they shall revert, as an unconditional jaghire
and perpetual gift, to the Company ; and if (which God forbid), the high
and mighty aforesaid shall die within this term, they shall revert to the
Company immediately upon his death. It js requisite that ye should regard
the high and mighty aforesaid, during the afore-mentioned term, and after
him the Company aforesaid, as unconditional jaghirdars, and regularly pay
them the revenues of the aforesaid Pergunnahs.
Written the 23rd of June 1765, answering to the 3rd of Mohurrum, of
the 1179th year of the Hegira.
(Signed) E. Stephenson, Provisional Sec. .
m
4. Firmauto) from the King Shah Aalttm, confirming the reversion in perpetuity of Lord
Clive's jaghire to the Company.
Whereas, a Sunnud has been presented to us, -under the, seal of the Nabob
Nudjumui Dowla Behauder, to the following purport, viz. : " The sum of
" 2,22,958 Sicca Rupees, and odd, agreeably to the Dewanny Sunnud, and the
" Sunnud of the high and mighty Shujah ur Mulck, Hossam 6 Dowla, Meer
" Mahomed Jaffier Khan Behauder, has been appointed from the Pergunnahs
" of Calcutta, &c, in the Circar of Sautgaum, &c, in the Province of
" Bengal (the Paradise of the Earth) the zemindarry of th^English Company,
"as an unconditidnal jaghire to the high and mighty . Zubdut ul Mulck,
" Nasseer ui Dowla, Lord Clive, Behauder : Now likewise the said Pergun-
"nahs are confirmed as an unconditional jaghire to the high and mighty
" aforesaid, from the 16tii of May, of the 1764th year of th§ Christian style *
" (answering to the 14th of Zeckaida, of the 1177th year of the Hegira,) to
" the expiration of ten years, they shall appertain as an unconditional jaghire
" to the high and mighty aforesaid ; and after the expiration of this term to
" revert to the Company as an unconditional jaghire ; and if the high and
" mighty aforesaid should die within the said term, they shall revert to the
" Company immediatly upon his death." And whereas, the said Sunnud has
met with our approbation at this happy time, therefore our royal Firmaund,
indispensably requiring obedience, is issued, that, in consideration of the
fidelity of the English Company, and the high and mighty aforesaid, the said
jaghire stands confirmed agreeably to the aforesaid Sunnud. It is requisite
that the present and future Muttaseddees, the Chowdrahs, Canongoos, Muc-
cuddems, Eiotts, Muzarries, and all other inhabitants gf the Pergunnahs of
Calcutta, &c, in the Circar of Sautgaum, &c, regard the high and mighty
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Vlll APPENDIX,
BENGAL, aforesaid, during the before-mentioned term, and after him the 'Company,
aforesaid, as unconditional jaghirdars, and regularly pay them the revenues
of the said Fergunnahs.
* Written the 24th of Sophar, in the 6th year ef the Jaloos, the 12M of
August 1765.
Contents of the Zimmun. •
Agreeably to the paper which has received our sign manual, our royal
commands are issued, that whereas the sum of 2,22,958 Sicca Rupees and odd
has been appointed from the Pergunnahs of Calcutta, &c., in the Circar of
Sautgaum, &c, the Zemindarry of the English Company, as an unconditional
jaghire, to the high and mighty Zubdut ul Mulck, Nasseer ul Dowla, Lord
Clive, Behauder, agreeably to the Dewanny Sunnud, and the Sunnud of
the Nazim of the Province* ; in consideration therefore of the attachment
of the high and mighty aforesaid, we have been graciously pleased to confirm
to him the said Pergunnahs, for the space of ten years, commencing' from
the 16th of May, of the 1764th year of the Christian style, or 140* 4rf
Zeckaida, of the 1177th year of the Hegira • and in consideration of the
attachment of the English Company, we have granted the said Pergunnahs to
them, after the expiration of the aforesaid term as an unconditional jaghire
and perpetual gift f and if the high and mighty aforesaid should die within
this term, the said Pergunnahs are to revert immediately to the English
Company.
Fort William, September 30, 1765.
(A true copy)
(Signed) Alexan. Campbell, S. C.)
BAVIXLLE AND (UANIXBUROD, Printer*, BENGAL PAINTIWO COMPACT LOTTO.
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