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i Museum at the House of Wm. Bullock, 2 plates.
8®, boards^ edges cut, 2s 6d HuU, 1808
/
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COMPANION
TO THE
LIVERPOOL MUSEUM,
Containing a brief Description oi u{>Wards of Four Thousand of Its
jVitturcU 8^ Fofeig7i Curiosities^ Antiquities, Sf Productions
OF THE
FINE ARTS>
OPEN FOR PUBLIC INSPECTION,
IN
Five Apartments> built and fitted up for the Purpose^
AT THE HOUSE OP .
WILLIAM BULLOCK,
CHURCH-STREET,
JiBWELLlSR AND SILVERSMITH TO HIS ROVAL Ht^HNESS
THE DUKE OF GLOUCESTER.
O Nature 1 how in every charm supreme!
Whose vot'rics feast on raptures ever new.
O ! for the voice and fire of seraphim,
To sing thy glories with dcvotioii due I
^EATTIE.
THJS SIXTH EDITION.
HULL:
PRINTED FOR THE PROPRIETOR,
BV J. FERRABY.
1^.
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THE full value given for rare and uncommon Quadrupeds,
Birds, Fiihes, Reptiles, ShtHs, old Pinnttngs, Carvings on Wood
or Ivory, Stained Glafs, ancient and foreign Arms and Armour,
or any uncommon {Nrodu^ion of Art or Nature.
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'NAMES
OF tHE '
L4DIES AND GENTLEMEN
HTHO HAVE P^ESENTEDI CURIOSITIES TO THE
' IIVEMPOO:^ MUSEUM.
RESIDENTS Of LIVERPOOU
ADLmCTON, (late) George
Angus, Charles, Esq.
Asbtcm, Hi Esc^ '
Astiey, Henry.
Astiey, Thomas
Atherton, Edtrard, £^.
Backhouse, J. Esq.
Rarr, Captain
Barrow, Captam
Bennock,~J.
Biundeli, Bryan, Esq.
Bolbo, Jofaft^ Esq.
Bolton, Mrs.
Bowdon, Joshua, Esq.
Biennard, Captain
Brettargh, William
Bullock, George
Bbshell, Capt^iin
Caldwell, Charles, Ea<|.
Campbell, Captaia .
Clarke, Captain
ClifF, Adam
Coltman, Dr.
Currie, Mrs.
Dickson, WilHam, Eso.
Directors of the Blue Coat School
farrcr, (late) John
t
Fisher, iieut. R. N.
Forbei, Wittiam
Harper, William, E«q.
Haworth, (late) Gtat^
Haycock, Mr.
Hollies, Capuia
James, Nathaniel
Johnson, Rt>bert
Kirkroan, Robert
Koster, J. T. Esq*
Laurenoe, Charles, Esq.
Loundes, Mr.
Lowe^ J.
Moore, Henry- Glover, E«<1:
Mousden, Mr.
Murray, I;
NcilsoD, Williatt, . Esq.
Parry, Henry, Esq,
Pearson, Captain
Pennington, Mr.
Pettigrew, Captain
Powell, Capuin
Preston, Robert
Rimmer, Mr.
Roach, Captain
Roberts, Captain
Sand bach, Mr.
Schofield^ T.
Slater, William
Smith, R.
Smyth, Rev. John
Stanifo.rth, (late) Thomai, lt,iq.
Staniforth, Samuel, Esq.
Touhy, Miss
Tutmeau, Jjoho
Ward, Kobeit, Esq.
White, Mr.
Wood, Miss
Wright, Captain ^
AS
NOJf:
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IV
NON.RESIMNTS IN HVERPOOL.
ALDERSON, Dr. HuH
AUan, Thomas, Esq. Edinburgh
Allen, Oidham
Ash, Thomas, ^sq,
Barclay, Dr. Edinburgh
Barret, Mr. Birminghaix^
Battersby, Miss, Dublin
Birchall, S. Esq. Leeds
Bisset, James, Birmingham
Blackburn, John,, Esq.
Blackier, J. Esq. late Sheriff of Dublin
Blundell, Henry, Esq. Ince-Hall
Bollingbroke, Mr. Norwich
Bootle, Wilb. Esq, Lathom-Housp
Bottom, Mr. Sheffield
Boulter, J, Yarmouth
Bradley, Mr. Sheffield
Bradwell, J. do.
Breturgh, J. Trafford-Hall
Broadbent, Mr. Hull
Brown, Mr. Birmingham
Brown, Mr. Norwich
Bruce, Miss, Demerara
Bullock, J. Surinam
Burns, A. Esq. GUsgow
Chap pel, Rev. Coveatry
Clark, Rev. Adam, London
Clarke, Henry, Esq. Middlewich
' Cooper, Mr. Lynn
Crowdroy, William, Manchester
Dadford, Thos. Esq, Wolverh^qraptcn
Darling, Dr, Hull
Dartmouth, Coumess of
Pufblin, Royal Society of
Edwards, Rev. Lynn
£SS'"5'""» Mr, Sohq, Birmingham
>rycr, Dr. Rastrick ,
(<ajjp, Mr. Norwich •
Ga.coyne, Mrs. I. Childwall-Hall .
Ccddes, |. Esq. Glasgow
Goodings, Mr, Sheffield •
Graham, Col. Glasgow
Greea, (Jfate) Mr. Lichfield
Green, J. Birmingham
Grey, Mr. Lynn
(Mirney, (late) Bartlet, Esq. Norwich
Hardy, James, Esq. Glasgow
Howell, Thomas, Coventry
Jackson, |, Esq. London
J^mcs, Mrs. ijt. Lucia
Jopes, Captain, Hull
Kcmble, Rev. Birminghai^
Kirkwall, Lord
Langton, Mr. Chesterfiejd %
Legcr, Hon. Col. St. Dublin
Leicester, Sir John^ Bart.
M'Dougal^ Dr. Glasgow
M'Nally, Leonard, Esq. Dubluj^
Madden, Esq. do.
Mars, Capuin, America
Miller, Captain, Hull
Munro, Dr. Edinburgh
Munro, Miss, do.
Kiel, Pattick, Esq. do,
Nixon, Mr. Coventry
PhilHps, Leigh, Esq, Manchester '
Pollock, Mrs. Dublin
Pollito, S.
Puleston, Col. Eniral, Wrexham. .
Robinson, Joseph, Esq. Stamforcl
Salt, Jop. Sheffield :
Scott, Corse, Esq. Edinburgh
Sharp, Thomas'^ Coventry
Sharp, Rev. do.
Smith, Mp. Glasgow
Smith, J. E. Dr. P. L. S.
Smith, William, Esq. Dublin '
Somerscalcs, Mr. Hull
Sunley, Rt. Hon. h<xi4\ Knowsley
Stanley, Col. M. P. . .
Steel, Mrs. Angl^sea
Stephenson, William, |:sq. Norwich
Stuart, Ciiptain, Edinburgh
Townsend, ^^is$, Birminglum
TrafFord, John, Esq. TralFord-Hous« .
Turner, Willia^i, Llangollen
Unit, Mr. Birminghi^i
Walker, Peter, Esq. Edinburgl^
Wallis, Mr. Hull
UCallis, Geo. do.
Wallis, R. do.
Wallis, J. dou
War4, R. Esqt Sheffield
Wilson, Mr. I,eeds ^
Wilsqn, Mr. Glasgow
Wilson, Af^r. College, Edtoburg^i|
Wrif^ht, Dr. Peter, Glasgow
Wright, Richard, Lichfiad...
Ypung, Dr. Sheffield
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PREFACE.
ACTUATED, \}y the repeated solicitations of his
friends and respectable visitors for a Guide to
the Liyerpobl Museum, the Proprietor presumes that
no apology is necessary, for introducing to their notice
this sixth and improved description of his Cabinet.
In the former edition, a general objection having been
made against the Litinasan Classification, not permitting
the visitors to apply with satisfiction to the specimen
they wished to examine, the evil complained of, it is
hoped, has been in some degree removed, by arranging,
the whole of the objects in a numerical manner ; with
reference from the subject under examination, to the
page and number expressed in the treatise. — Those
then, who '^lookJltro' MttUre, up to J^ature's God;"
or, to speak/less metaphorically, who can derive know-»
ledge and entertaiimient from a contemplation of the
works of a Supreine Power; or, can examjne-with sur-
prise and delight, the productions of the uiltutored
Indiap, as well as those ingenious pieces of art of the
more enlightened part of mankind ; will find, in the
present publication, a more faithful companion to the
multiplicity of curiosities assembled and preserved ia
^his collection, than in those hitherto published; and at
the
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the same time will havein private, a pleasing resource^
to assist them in explaining to the circle of their friends^
the gratification tbej have received ; for, next to the
enjoyment of beholding what is strange or beautiful,
is the desire of recounting the wonders we have seen.
In an introductory p^e&ce of this description^ it i^ but
too often the custom, to lavish a profusion of encomi*
urns on the subjects intended to be presented to the in^
spection of the public; suchTlike conduct in uo respect
has yet been practised^ nor if to be avoided ever will
be followed The credit on irhieh the Museum hjL
present stands throughout the Imperial Dominions, is
^ sufficient passport it is judged, to make ertry ^onw
pous declaration unnecessary. In one instance, hovr^
cver^ a small acknowledgment is requisite,, nor must
the Proprietor be accused of vanity should he declare,,
that he intends making his Musetim an increasing depdi
of every thing rare and curious in the three gtwd
kingdoms of Nature^ cotnbining also the works of art
•iid antiquity. To this intent, be therefore eritves tho
assistance of the ladies and gentlemen of Liverpool^
inid those of the neighbouring counties^ whose taste
find studies are congenial with such pursuits ; humbly
hoping, that his endeavours will invariably be foun^
]m4 tift>vorthy the hoiiour he solicits. With respect to
Ihci literary departmeni of this work, but a few words,
fire deemed^ufficient; the articles of Natural HitAcay
)iate been carefully compiled from those authors,, who
have given the most authentic and nleasing relation of
the animal ; whilst in the descriptions of the artificial
curiosities, all that has been aimed at, is an accurate
delineation of the subject, described in a simple and in*
-« ielligent
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Til
telligent, language. If this treatise then, finder all it« .
iraperfet^tions (for no one will doubt but there are
many) shoiild afford one hour of entertainment, or cau
•tissist the researches of those patrons and friends, wha
liave so liberally countenanced its Proprietor since^his
becoming an inhabitant of this populous and spirited
town, his hopes are in some degree exceeded, and the .
Xifrisbes of his heart in a manner accomplished*
XIVERPOOL MUSEUM, >
JANUARY 1, 1808. >
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A' ■ ■
COMPANION
TO THE
LIVERPOOL MUSEUM.
W
SpUtH SEA CURIOSITIES. : /
E fhall firft'Hirea the notice of the vifitorsto thisMufeum,to"
the C uriofities brought from thie SoutbSeasiby.CaptainCook..
*• SmcdlGMs Case; M, I. .
Corttain^ rp^cirtiens of the Painted or Stained Cloth from the
Soiith Sea Iflands, The cloth is made of the infide bark of the
Touta, or Gloth Tree> without either fpinning or weaving, being,
inattcd together fomewhat in the manner of our hats. That which -
is intended to be paintedj is of a thick and strong texture, fevcirsjl,
folds being bcatesrt aiid incorpotated together ; alter which it is cut
into breadths about tWoOr three feet in width, and is painjted in a^
Variety of patterns, with a comprehenfive regularity ot defign tliat ^
befpea'ks infinite laftfe arid fancy. The exaftnefs with wjiich thefc;
intricate patterns are continued, is furprifing, when we confider that
they have no ftamps^ and that the whole is done by the eye, \vitli
pieces of bamboo cane dipped in fotne colouring mixture, the liand
being fupported by another piece of cane, in the manner praftifed^
by our painters. The colours are extrafted from berries and oth^r
vegetable fubftances. The bufinefs of painting belongs entirely to
the women, artd is csAled iff paree f and it is remarkable, that thejr
always gave the fame name to oui* writing. The yoong women
Would often take the pen out of the hand of our failors, and fhew ,
tjicm, that they knew the ufe of it as well as they did, at the fame ^
time telling them, that our pens were not fo. good as theirs.
*rhey looked upon a fheet of written paper as a piece of clothe
ilriped after the manner of their country ; and it was not without •
the utmpft difficulty that they could be made to underftand that *
our figures had a meaning, by which we could communicate our -
ideas one to another, without fpeaking. . • . ,
2. Over this cafe hangs the inftrument called a Cloth-Be AT£R,
yfed in the xnanufa£lunng of the before-mentioned cloth.
B V 3» 4*
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3. A RattLKi made of the Ihells of hard nuts, which on heing
(hook produces a noife» that may l^e heard toacbnfiderable diftance.
4, and 5. Tabooing Rods, or Wands. One of them is made
of a beautiful clofie grained jred wood, and U poii^ted ; on the other
is the head of Eatqp^ or. Qod, fi^tcly caipr vf^dL Tkefe wands are car.
ried by the.prielts,and fometimesby another perfon particularly ap^
pointed to thit office, who is called TonsLta, (or the Taboo Man.)
They are made ufe of on various occafions, both public and private,
and any thing touched by them is confidered a& prohibited Or for.
bidden. The word Taboo^ is Afcd emph^caUy to c^note any
thing facred, eminent, or devoted. When a particular fpace of
S round is tabooed^ feveral of thefe rods or wands tufted with doge's
air, are fixed up, and un|i( ihejr are removed no perfon will
prellime to tread on that ground.
6, 7, and 8, ai:ediSerem Kinds of bog W^A-Q^UBSufed in the
Friendly Iflands. Thefe are made of a wood equal in hardnefs to
the bra^ilian^ and fuperior in bq^uty to miiJi,ogany ; and wti^l^ If.
IS renu^mbered; that iron, and fleclarQ wholly uuknq^B|toitheife pet«
pte, few fpecimens, for laborious and ikilful workmanihip, can
vie with them. Thecarving, though e^boc^u^d with no other inftAi-
fnent than a ihell, afhark^s tooth, or a ftint, by dint of induftry and
ingenuity is perfeiElly vmiformiLa patte];n, and big^l>y dmAmeBlal.
% Paddle, or pAR^^^with which th|? natives pf the FriTOdiylflaoi&.
row their canons. It is abatit five feet Ipng^ a44 ii Qx^inahessKarof!!
tt^ wideftpart, and yet is fo tig,hj^ as to w^h liukivu^retheinapoundu
* 10. AfiSH Gig, or^SiPJ&AE,, of N^w ^aUnd^fix fret l0fijg, made
of exceedin^y lig^t \voOil^ aro^edat tj^ hoCtoiavvithi^WG^ pieces of
barbed ivory, or/ the hcMie of foj:u.e fe^. ^maU a fooiJoQg. Abosit
the middle at Che fpear three other (harppiiei^es.oi ivory projeik in a.
triangular form, in kich a^ manner, that Lt they um4^ tb&mk with the
firft pai;t,, they generally catch it upon, the points of tlier fecondw
Tfie New Zealanders frcquently ufc thefe gjgs in their battrks.
H, A Bow, from the Friendlji; Iflaacls^, .
X% 13, 14, and \5^ Various kinds of fhort HAi»D^.Cik»Bav or
Pattap att6o8» of different fornu aodmateriials, Thejr anevworn*
J>y the natives o( the South Seas„ in, the fsyne manner sis: doggers
.are worn by the Afiatic3» and ace ufually' Mdfi^ q£ hasd* mod;
hone, or green bafaltes^
I& A Kfiufi^ from.the Friendly Ifland#^ raad&oE wood, eifpA
with iharK*s t^eeth, q(ed by the natives, olj th^le iflands. for 4mtu.*
tingup their enemies taken in, battle.
fl\ Basket, froiji Nqw Zealand.
18. A DRESS,, worn hy the N^ivcs of Prince Willbw^i:
Souiidf principally made of ^a){ikins, vm^hithc hauryfidb (UjUfwar<h%
Jc is a kind of jacket, ni^arl}^ ^efemblingca cartjsr.'&firock,, with a^hooilF
to it, that fits tight round the f^ce, which. if tjb^onl)^ put a£tbeb«ii^
that is feen ;, the fl(jr.t^ qf^the ftopk^re^cbt nearly' ta the knee) ami
und^ it arQ w^rn.aJ^Ad ^jAf^ff^^, ntadeiofi thft fameymatcrialg^^*'
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lAe Ahdvt; the legs are covered vith ftockings wa&oT Ikin with
very thick hair on, and over thefe are drawn a pair 9f curious
boots; made of the flcin of fome Tea animal. The wnoleof this dreJEs
is wdl calcttlatedforthc coW climate where it is worn* Hiefcwing
is performed with fmali (h^rpfifli bones, and the finews of the wliate
%iit iiMo thitt fibres for threail; yet we believe that few £uropeiui
tailors could exceed either the neatnefs or ftVength of the won:..
19, and 20. Axes, or Adzes, made of very hard black ftooe,
nearly relembling the bafaltes. Thefe hatchets are wrought in a re-
gular formivith much labour, by rubbing one Hone againil another^
with thefe the natives cut the wood for their canoes, war^Uibs»
and holifchpld uteniils ; the heads of thefe axes are firmly faf^
fened ^ the handles with Arong cords, made of the fibres of the
jeocoa nut twi fled together.
St. A large Fish Hook, for taking the (hark; it is one focit
\ong and f\% inches broad, and is made of a crooked piece c£ wpod^
pointed at the end with a fubftance refembling horn.
Glass Case,. A5. //.
Apirir of ponderous EAA-Rmcs made of white (hel!s» from
CbrtAim't lOand.
A NjECKtACE of Human Boke, from New i^ealand.
Beautiful Feather Necklaces, from the South Seai.
Part of the Chief Mourner's Dress ufcd at the funerals ot
Owhyhee; compofed of fmall flips of mother of Pearl, vtry ip-
geniottfty put togetherr
Knee Ornament, worn by the dancers of New Zealand. The
ground work is a flrong clofe netting, on which are fattened feveral
hundred fthall flidls, which, when put in motion, produce a rat»
tling found, to the mufic of which the dancers keep time.
In this cafeisalfo avariety of the Fi shin gTackle of the Sand-
wich and Friendly Iflands. The hooks are made of mother of Pearl,
bone, ©r wood, pointed or barbed with fmall bones or tortoife Ihelh
They are of varioug fizes and forms; that marked A, is the moft
common; it is between two and three inches long, and made in the
Ihape of a fi/h» which ferves as a bait. B, is oi tortoife CieH.
The lines are inade of different degrees of ftrength and fincQefs.
Th^t marked C, is the iineft kind, and is of human hair, platted
together^ and is ufed chiefly for things of ornament. D, is a fpeci*
mtn of the common kind, made of the bark of the cloth tree, neatly
and evenly twifted in the fame manner as our common twine.
E, is a lofterkind, made of the bark of a fmall flijub called
AREEMAi!^, platted together, and is flat. That marked F,is of gre^
ftrength, being nrade of the platted finews of fome fea animal.
They liiewiieroake another fort of cordage, which is flat and very
strong,^ and ufed principally in lafhing the roofs ot their houfes,
dr wfiativer they wift to fa'ften together ; it is HJad(f p£ the fibroi s
B 2 ftbngs
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firings of the cocoa nut hufkjn the fame manner at our fsilon make
^heir poipts for the reefing of fails. That on the (hz^rl^ hook i3 of thU
kind; 'Cohfldering the materials of which thefe hooHs and lines arfi
formedjtheirftrengthandneatnefi^are really al^onifhing; "andinfaft
(faysCapt'.Cook)we found them upontrial far fupeiiorto our own."
The Combs marked G, are frofn Qtaheite, and are fpecim^
of their exquifite wicker work.
* A quantity of Fishing Lines, made fromhmpan l^r, brpughi
from the South Seai.
A Net Mesh from the South Seas.
A Shoe of a Chinefe Lady.
• A Shoe of Count BorulaJki, the Pojifli Dwarf.
X Tattowing Instrument, from the Sandwich Ifl^nd^,.
Capt.King, in his continuation of Capt. Cook's third voyagp,vol.3,
page 135, obferves, ** That the Sandwich Iflanders have the cuftom
" of tattowing the bodv in common with the reft of the natives of
''.the South Sea Iflands. The arms andliands of the wpmpn are
*' alfo very neatly marked, and they have a iingular cuftom among
-^' them, the meaning of which (Capt. King fays^ we could ne\^r
* ^' learn, that of tattowing the tips of the tongues of the females*
" From fome information we received relative to the cuftcon of tat-
^* towing, we were inclined to think it is frequently intended as a
*' fign of mourning on the death of a chief, or^ny other calatnitous
V event ; for we were often tol^l, that fuch a particular mark was iq
V memory of fucb a chief, and fo of the reft. It may be here top
** obfervedj that the loweft clafs of natives are often tattowed with
f* a mark that diftinguiflies tliem as the property of fome chief."
22. Model of an Otaheitean Canoe.
23. New Zealand Canoe.
^t, 25, 2(5, and 27. Models of Canoes of different nations,
Ji.ftimaux, Nootka Sound, Davis's Straits, New Zeal^d, &c.
28. Lines for Fishinp, ipade of human hair.
29. Baiket to hold liquids, from the Sandwich Iflands, SouthSeas*
30. Bread Pounder, from Otahe.te. It is madp of black
balaltes, and is an aftonifliing effort gf labour, executed by a peo-
p(ii to wliom the ufe of iron jnftrumenjs are unkno\yn. It is ufe4
in pounding the Bread FRUif.
31. Sp^ar Caster, from Npw Zealand, wjtl} w.hich the,
natives ftrike fifh with a surprifing celerity.
32^ and 3^. Caps from Nootka or King George's Sound, made
of fea grafs, finely woven together; on one i$ dengned the proceft*
jif their \y haje Fifhery. " This, (fays Capt. ipook^J thopgh rudely
executed, feryes to Ihcw, that though there is no appearance of
tlie knowledge of letters among them, they have fome notion of
Teprefenting aftipns in a lafting way, independent of what may be
recorded in their fongs and traditions." They ?ife wprn by both
{exes without dittinftion.
34. Hats, from the Sandwich Iflan4s> made of the feathers qJ
Parrpts and ^tber Bircl^f * 35. ^Iatting^
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85. Matting, from the South Sea Iflands.
36. A Dancing Girl's Apron, from Otaheite.
37. A MANTLE, from Nootka, or King George's Souncl.
This kind of ornament p^fles under the right arm, and ties over
$he left flioulder, by which means hoth arms are at liberty. It is
made of flax fo curioufly knotted together, that on exammation it
inuft aftonifli the behoWer, more efpecially when he confiders
that it was made by a nation to whom the loom is unknown.
38. Wooden oword, from Botany Bay. It is worthy i
remark, that when Capt. Cook firft difcoyered New Holland, .u
.was aftoniflied to behoW the natives fo expert in handhng ua
fword after the European manner, from which he concl^ded they
had feen and copied tjie ufe of that weapon.
39. -Bow and Arrows, from Owhyhee.
40. Arrows of different nations.
41. Two fmall C loaks made of Feathers to cover theflioulders,
from the South Seas.
42. An IDOL, from the Sandwich Iflands. This monftrou«
and uncouth reprefentation of the human countenance is made of
wicker-work, curioufly covered with fmall feathers of various cot
lours,^ wrought in the fame manner as their cloaks. The eyes are
made of large pearl fliells, with a nut of black wood in the centre;
the mouth is befet with a double row of dog's teeth, which, toge*
rfier with the re|l of ^he features, are ftrangely diftorted*
Glas$ Case, M). III.
Moft of the articles in this Cafe were prefented to the Mufeum
by Dr. James E. Smith, of Marlborough -Street, London, Prefi-»
dent of the Ltnnaean Society.
Specimen of the bark of the Lagetto Tree, the curious texture
of which refembles gauzp. Kiiig pharles II. (it is faid) had a
jair of ruffles ^nd a cravat made from this bark, which were pre-
I'ented to him by a merchant from Jamaica, which he frequently
wore. TheC loth oftheSouthSea I Hands is m^defromafimilarbaik.
FineSpecimenof theBANKSiASERRATA in flower. Thisisoneof
^he four fpecie^ of Bankfiadefcribed in tjie^ppplementum Pianta-
rum of Linnaeus, fpeeimens of wjxich, ^re contained in the Heriial
rium Qf that great naturalift, now in thepofleflion of Dr. J. E.Smith.
The Bankfia Serrata is confidered as the moft ftately of the
genus. Its trunk is thick and rugged; it is a native of New
Holland, and received the denomin4tion of Bankfia in pompU-^
ment tp Sir Jofeph Banks^
Bankfia Serrata in Fruit, a fine fpecies.-r-Ncw Holland.
A non-defcript Bankfi^ in flower.
Wooden Pear, Xylomeluin Pyriforme. This fpecies was firft
^ifcovered at Botany Bay, New Holland, when the coaft of Nevv
jjgufh Wales was fjrft e;^plored bv Sir Jofeph J^aiifcs 2|nd Dr. So*
' • ' Under*
I
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lander. The natives ^all it Ae Merry^dMgttr-rcK The tree which
l>cars this ligneous pe^r is $n evergreen.
Hestfh-leavedS AN J^^iAfBanMa £rict:/plia, Frdm New HolJand.
Yellow Gum, from Botgiiy li^y^ X^^i^rrhaa HafiiU.
Qylijia Comoja^ from Sierra I^eone.
^zetia SpeciopL^ from Siierr^ Leone.
P^^tany 4ay ft-AX» Phormium T^nuJf..
Curious Flower an unlynown Plap^t
Beautiful ev^rlailinf Flower* ,' . .
Strings of Be^ds made of Aromatic B^es from South Americab
Pod of a very toge ft^A^.-r-Cpttoq in the Pod ^laA in Flower.
On the firft landing of the Staira, turning to the left, the eye is
9ttra£led by the Horn of the N ARWii al» or Sj^a Un ICORN* nine
feet long. Of all the variety of w^^pons with which nature has
armed her vj^rious trib<?s» thfir^ is not one fo Ivgc or fomiidabla as
this. The horn or tooth of the Narwhal* is ^s ;^niigbt as an arrow |
it is about the thickn^fs of a man[s arm At the rppt^ but gradoidly
fapering to a (harp pointy is beautifully wre4thed oc twifted* andu
whiter and more hard than ivory .-^Near to (bis hprn is thai af' 4
very larg^ Hif JNogf^Rp^, weighing upward* ©I IW fowds*
Contains a number of Mifcellaneous Articles.
1. A pair of gQcient knit SiLK Stoci;ings, worked with<:rim#
fon and gold.
2; A Gentreman*s Gi^QVEn curioufjy etnhroidered withfilvei,
fuppofed to have been jifed in the reign of Queen Elizabeth.
3. Pair ol Garters, curioufly variegated. , -^
4. Work Bags of curious workm^iftip* WA of which 13
made of different coloured ]pi£AD$.
6% Musical Pipes, from China,
fl. Afritan Ivory ORNAMf;NT» curioufly carved.
T. Curious Punch Ladle,
{>. Smatl Horn of the Narwha^^i prefeot^d by S. Staqiforthi,
3gf<^. tiiverpool. '
Over this Cafe haing^ a Variety of ^
Curiosities from North wd South. Amedo^
1. Halter.*, madi? of the bari of the L/^qst%o or Cabbaoi;
Tree.
g. Maucas30N.s, or Shores, worn by the Indiana of North
Amwca, ornamented with. Po^cupinjK (j^niBs, aad taiTels of red
fair. The leather is faid to he dreiTed in bWod^ which prevents
! ' .t.hQ
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the wearer's leet from freezing; ou which, account they ate oftca
ufed by Europeans in that country,
3. A QtJiVBR, of POISONED ARROWS, with tthtTtiBZ
ufed in difchar^g them ; broHgbt froni D^nietara. Tkstt itiftrcU
ments of deftrucHon are nioe inches long, and about thethi^knefs
of a fraall q^uill ; they are made of a Ugbt Wood QaoMfly pinnted^ ^nd
are dipped in poiTon to the depth of two inches, which generally
proves fatal to the objeS that is wounded by them: they are dif^
charged with unerring certainty ,1 by beitig Uown throiagh a hoPlow
tube of wood, nine teet long. Near the QukTeff h^gs a ktnll
b^ftet, which, coiitaios^ a down-Uke fubftance, a fmati piece of
which is put into the tube aftei; the arrow, li^hieh prettHH fktf
efcapeof the air,and caufesit, taflv withahMftimcFcdibh veioQfty^
4'. An* ornamental Bj<, u£ea by Ih^ North American Indiufis^
for bringinghome thefkin^of aninalstaheB inlniialiiiffe^GCttrfioiM.'
' 5* Bow and Fish A&BQWSt fr^ii the North Weik cmfii of
America.
6. Several Po VCH£^ foiiae of them very ciiyioiis, froi^ North
America..
7. Pair of ornameitfal G.AB»T£Rd« priodpaLHy loaldk iff fOHtt^
pine Quills, from North. Aiveifk^.
8. and 9. Scalping Knives, the Sheaths finely ornamented,
from North America.
10. A Purse, or Tobacco Pouch, made of the fkin of the
Stifling or Squafe^ ornamcBted with tttffeh rf deer's hair, from
North America.
1 1, and 12. Mavcassoh^s^ or Indkm SHofi^,. fimie as No. £1
13. Ornan^nt for th(S Neck,, made-ofi the flMlbof foitfe (tet^i
hard Nut, from Demenara..
14. Bow and. Q'ULVEa of Aaaov^ft from dittot
15. Several MusiCAj.lNisxauMv£^vSf, fronvBeme^tdf^a«t^^
Which is a kind of Flute.
16. A great variety of &o^vs?aad Aitftows^feom Sittrii«iril»
17. A Mexican^ Oour^ik
18. CAiiU^viEx,x)i? PjrPE of PBAiifi^ »fed b}r die North-Ame^iean
Indians^ to imoketobacco^.b^arikileafvorherbv whenfthey^enii^pinto'
an alliance, on any ferious occafion, or folemn ehgag^en^^ t^j^
h<ing amonjg tfaeicu the moil faKlied? oatir thatdaii be tUkeUr ^i^d tiie
violation ot it is though deferving.of the puiliifament of J^eaVen.
19'. A Siiow SiioBsffrem H)1|&»b's Blaiy» upwardly of ii\^'!ebt
long;, it k^ very Ugh^, andcoversifuchafpace^aspreveiWsitbefett
of the wearer from finking into the fnow.^
20. A Pair of Snow ShOes^ foraiChiW.
81. A Paiii of Snow Shq£S, fromi Ganadl^ ^Vfo long 2is tfie
preceding, but-broader and rounder in front.
:22» Nbck.Ornam^^'f, made of»ftiathe«,.ftttt»Soiilh Arfid^cli.
, .?3,^A2i. TwoiH>|MMOt*^,.ofVuri<*a«'W^ frbnt
South America, preiented to the Mufeum by the Honi GoF. St.
. I^eger, ofDublin. Smalt
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s
Ismail Glas^ Case, JV&. V.
A Wampum Belt, of great value among the Indian Chiefs of
North America; often given as a pledge of honour.
,A Cap, from Africa, made of platted Grafs^
: Chinese Money; Thefe pieces have fquare holei through
them, and are always firiirig together. Seventy-fix of them are the
value of an Ehglim fixpence.
. Rouge, ufed by the Chirtefe Ladiefis to colour theSir faces.
Specimen of the Ci-OTrt made* of Asbestos, that will remain iri
the hotteft fire without burning. Pliny mentions his having feeii
napkins of this cloth^ which being taken from the table after a feaft,
weire thrown into thd fire, and by that means, were bfetter cleaiifeci
than if they had been waflied iri water. But its principal ufe, ac-
cording to that author^ was for making fJirouds for royal funerals,
to wrap.up the corpfe, fo that the human aflies might be" preferved
diflinct from thofe of thei wood.
AsBESios, or Mineral FLAXi in its riattlrai fbtte.
Mica, or Talc, ufed for windows before the invention of glafs.
Clear white plates of this fubftarice are ufed for glazing the lanj
terns of men of war, as fire has little cfieft on it^
African ciiriositie^.
Ho. i. A fmgulat- Mu&iCAL iNSTBtuMENt, from tie SfaVcf
Goaft, fomewhat refertibling the Itialian Sticcado ; it is made of,
])ieces of hard fonorous wood of different lengths placed upop a'
frame, under wbi<:h are fixed gourds of various fizes. It is piayedf
upon by beating it with two ilick9 with balls at the end. On thef
coaft of Africa it is called Balafoiii and when it is pla^-ed by at'
fkilful hand it produces an agreeable harnlony.
2. A fmall kind of Sticcado, made of fonofotis i^ood.*
. 3. An Instrument confifting of a fmall fquare board, ort -
which are fixed pieces of very pliant wood, which on being ftruck^
produce a mufical found. /'
A. African King's Sceptre^ in (hape like a rod, being made of"*
fmall fplit pieces of bamboo cane. 1 faefe are valued according *
to their length, for by that, the rank of the perfon is knowA.
That of the Kipg's being made of the longeil joints of bamboQ '
that can be found in his dominions.
5, 6, and 7, Curious Cartouch Boxes.
8. A Circular Fan, covered with a parchmflfnt-like Ikin, cii-
rioufly painted. *
9. oeveral PoUOHES, fome of tbem very fihgular in conftru£l:ion-«
10. A Pair of Sandals, or Shoes. ThefCi m Africa, are .
feldom ufed, II, Commotf
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9
I J. Common Black $ottle, curioufly cafed with wicker
Work.
12. Africam Comb, fimilar to that of the Sandwich Illands.
13. A radeN£CKLAC£,c6iiipored of ftones^ that have holes na- '
^ turally through them without boriog.
14. Various kinds of GouRo3, ufed as vcfleb to carry liquor,
. 15. AFRICAN SpooNi made of Wood.
16. Curious Wooden Fan.
17. A large Ladies* Pock-ET, or PouCH, finely etobroidereft
with the Netdle-work of the country.
18. African Female Apron or Flap, made of matted grafs.
19. African Bows and Quivers bf long Poisoned Arrows.
SO. Great varietyof AfricanX«ANX:£S«AR.ROWS,andDAQG£Rs.
S^e Me Daggers in the Armaury.
2i. A fmall Instrument fimilar to a Scottish Mull* fup-
piofedto be -ufed for the fame purpofe, 9U« that of grinding to-
' eacco into fnuSl
22. African Long Drum, cover^ed at the end with {kin.
23. African Pair of Bellows, of very curious <;onftru€i:ion.
24. African Harp.^
. 25. V^ large Calabash to carry water.
26. An African Flambeau, made of Flag-IefiEiyes, filled witk
' Ambergris. <
' 27. Pouch or Pocket, made of Grafs, ufed by Negro fipfvants
to carry fetters, &c.
28. A kind of Hammock, of Qngularneti-worki ufed in Africa*
either for fleeping or tfavelUng. . .
. 29. SmaU GouRp», covered with net-work^on the ^fli^knots
of which are ftfung a kind of Black Berries^ that produce a found
fimilar toCaftineu. They are ufed by the Africans when they dance.
SO. An African Charm called FETisii, confiAing of a Ram's
Horn, to which is fufpended a brafs chain and bell. Thi^ is worn
round the ileck> and is imagined by the wearer to charm or drive
away evil and tormenting Spirits, and prefervc Ufe. It was tak^n
froip the breailof. a Black Man, engaged in. battle, by Captain
Clark, of the Ihip Roebuck, of Liverpool; who prefentcd it to
the Mufeum. <
31. Specimen of African Cloth, made of grafs. '
S2. A curious Sleepinjg Net or Hammock, from Africa,
l^prefented by Captain Roberts of Liverpool.
Large Glafis Case^.
Containing CuTibfkies frotn the Sand^ick Illands*
Letter A. — A fuperb CLOAK, made of the Mack leathers of
the Powliee bird, ornamented with a broad cheq£iered> borjctiu: of red
V ana
-----_ -I n I - L I ■ ■ - I —^ ' '^ — '^.
"^ Several of the articles in tbi» CUU ^««e once vthc ^to{ietty 9f (bc.4:eU;btaR4
J^j^tala Cook. -
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to
-'ind yellow. This Cloak is fo long as to totich fli«* feet of the
Wearer, and is cionfidered of the greatell value. It is worn by noh6
€:{cept the Chiefs, and by them only on particular occasions; as
they never appeared in ihem but three times during Captain Coak'^s
ftay at Owhyhee, m. at the proceffion of the King and his people to
the fliip^, on their firft arrival ; in the tumult when the unfortunate
Commander fell a viftim to thejfr fury and miflakeii refentment ;
gnd when two of the Chiefs brought kis bones to Captain Clarke.
• B.— Red feathered Cloak, decorated with- yellow, fromditto.
The ground of thefe elegant and fmgularly beautiful Cloaks k net-
work M^rought by the hand, upon which the feathers are fo clofely
fixed, that the fi^rface refemoles the thickeft and richeft velvet,
both in delicate foftnefs and glofly appearance.
C.— A HELMET, compo fed of wicker-work, covered with
red feathers. 1 '
t>. — Another Helmet of a different conftj^uQion, covered \*^'th'
black feathers. Thefe Helmets, with the prefTes, form the prin-
cipal riches" of the Chiefs of the South Sea IBands.
E. — A large HaT, made of red, yellow, and black feathers ; re-
markable for its refemblance in form to thofe of Europe.
F.-r-Two Neck Orn amemts, made of different coloured fea-
thers, from the Sandwich Ifland*.
G.— A Breast-Plate, or GoROETjfromtheSandwichlflands,
made of wicker, covered with feathers, and ornamented with rows '
. of. Shark's teeth.
H. — Small Pagol or Idol, of black wood, frotn. ditto.
I. — War Club, from the Friendly Iflands. This Chib, which '
. belonged to a Chief of Owhyhee^ is armed with a very hard, fbarp,
poiifhed ftone) which makes it fomewhat like a Battle-axe; the
other end is pointed for the purpofe of a Pahoo or Dagger.
K. — A Basket, from the Friendly Iflands. That the untutored
Indians of the South Seas exceed the artifts of every civilized
nation in this kind of work, the above Bafket is a proof, for it is
of fo clofea texture, as to hold any liquid. It was ufed by tlie
gentlpnan (who brought it from the South Seas, and prefented ic '
ti^this Mufeum) as a punch-bowl. ,
L.— FrsH-HoOK, from the Sandwjch Iflands.
M. — A Necklace, made of the teeth of the Peccary.
N. — Head Ornament, from ditto, made of mother of pearl
and tortoife fliell. ' . :
O. — A beautiful Fly-Flap, purchafed at the bte fale of the
Leverian Mufeum. In the firft part of the Reference Catalogue
to this once celebrated repofitory of curioflties, an ^tfiple account
i» ^iy.en in a note hfivf it came into poffeflion of Sir Afliton Leveri
-which, relation w<5 will h«-e infert for the information of the curi-
ous. Mr. SarnwelJ, fate furgedn of the fhip iJifcovery, who pdb-
lifted a Narratire.ol the Death of Capt. Cook, informj us, he
biougfit this Fiy^Flap home witk him^ of which he gives the fol- .
lowing *
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•H
Jowuig account :^—**^ The Njitives of the iSandwjch lilandsalvyr^^
^ ** endeavour to carry off the dead bodies of their friends flain. in
*' battle, even at the hazard of their own lives. This cuftom i*
'* probably owing to the barbarity with which they treat the body
" of an enemy, and the trophies they make of his bones ; a ic-
* ' markable inftance of which I met with at Atowai. Toroataherci»
** the Queen of that Ifland, pne day paid us a vifit.on board (he
*' Difcovery, accompanied by her huibandTa^6b» and one of her
•* daughter^ by a former hufl>and, whofe name was Oteeha. The
" young Princefs, who was called Orereemo-horanee^ carried in
** her hand- a very elegant Fly-Flap, of a cQrious confiru6}ion;
** The upper part of it was variegated with alternate rings of tor^
*' toife ihell aqd humap bone, and the handle, which was polifiiedi
** confided of the greater part of the Os Humeri /bone of the up->
** per^mi) of a Chief, called Mahowra; he had oelonged to the
** neighbouring iOaiid of Oahoo, and in ahhoftile idefcent he
" made upon this coafi, had been killed by Oteeha, who was then
** King of Otowai. His;boncs weie in this manner carried aboiit
^* by Orereemo-horanee, as trophies of. her fatbet^s vi£lory# The
** niother and.da^ughter fet a great value upon k, and were rtoi
*' willing to part with it for^any-iof our iron;, but Toniatah«rei
*' happening to call her eye upon a wafh^-hani bafon of mine,
'* which was o£ Queen's ware, it ftruck her fancy, and (heoflered
•' to exchange. , I accepted of her propofal, and the bones of thi»'
** unfortunate Mahowra. catne at laft into my ppfleffioo/' . >
. P.— An under Garment made of the Bark of the Tbut^. en:
Clo^h^trce, ^urioufly decorated, from the Sandwicb Iflands ; pre-» -
fented byihe Rev. AdamClarke,. ^: .
Q. and R.— Two Caps from Africa; one msrie of Grafs, which/
for finenefsiof.wprkmanffiip and regularity of pauern, exceeds
any thing of the kind of European* manufacture* VVhat.muft api
pear wonderful in this work of art is, that it is knit with wooden
. ilicks aft^r the manner of llockings.
The one niarkc;d. R. was prelented by X)2q>tain Campbell, an4
is made of the fibres of bark. .
Neai':to this laj-ge Glafs Cafe is placed. One Valve of the gf eat
-Clamp Shell, or gigantic Cockle, Chama Gigas of. Linnaeus, from
tbe ifland of Borneo. Its lengthis 4^ inches, its.breadthS4 inches,
and its weight S36 pounds^ A view of this fpecimen will eafity
reconcile us to the feemingly extravagant affertion of voyagers^
who mention their having cfined on a cockle, fuificiently large to
feaft a whole fljip's crew. — This i^ the largefl known ^ecies oi
the teiUc^Qtts animals.
APARTMENZ
Containing the Works of A;;t,^Models in Rice-Paft^^^c, &c, ;
No. 1. A fuperb PIECE of MECHANISM. originally-apar(^
of CoH*s Museum, out of which it was fold for 500U It
C 2 . contains
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IS —
conc^n;S 9 ranriety d( ciirioiid in9v«Rients and figures; and hUm
4efctibed m Mr* CoxV Caulogue ;—
A Goat made ef tnoken coppi^, with the clofeft exafinefr,
akKl in evieryrefpeft a high finifhed imitatjoa of the animal ; k is
cliafed with gr^t {kill, fo that the (baggy hair, beard, or other partf ,
an? furprififtgly depi&ed ; over the body is a houiing, adorned
vrilh jewelry, bordored, fringed, and ufleled with pearls ; upo!)
the'back are rioUy emboffsd oarnaments in relief, which fupport
an elegant cafe of fine workmanibip; at the four bottom comers
are leopards' heads, and at the upper comers gpld eagles with ex^;
tended wings;- crn each fide, within frames of jewelry, are fpiral
ftars, which are all fet with it ones ; theie, during the playing of
the j^ufical chimes fixed in the body of the animal, are fet in mo-^
tion, ^nd hav^ i. moft pleafing effe£l: uf(m the top of the oafc
that contains the ftars, are flower^pots of jewelers' work ; over, the
ilowers butterflies vibrate ; a Gothic railing of rabies and emeralds
ituioounds the^lace where the flower «pdts aure placed, and within
the sailitig ar^ four golden branches, united at the top, wbere
there is alarge Bowet^jpot, nojiegay, and butterfly, finely fcit with
different coloured ftones. The pedeftal that fupports this i&9gni«»
iioent piece, i^ a quadrangular rock, fupported by four etephants,
cai>ariloned and ornamented with pearls; at each comer are Xar*^
tartan figures, with javelins in their hands, ilriking 9t dragons
lixedontheh-ock: within 4he receiTes, in front, is aninnii^g ftream
of artificial water ; feftoons of (o)ti^, finely chafed and richly
gilty tang ddwn on each fide between the elephants. Two of
^eQ:. pieces were purchaied at a great price in C^urton, from
whence they were fent with . the prefenu annyally made to the
Caul'/'^PtfXe^ in that province. -
. ;12. A complete Mooel of a MAN of WARt of 64 guns, near^
]y three feet in length, made entirely of glab. ^
Hk A beautiful Model of a Ckinesb Pagoda, or place of
worlbip, made entirely of mother of p^arU This valuable piece
^as made in India; it is feven ilories in height, and is rkMy or-i
namen^ed with carving and gilclinfir,
- 4. A complete Mod£;[. ©f a Man of War, toade of ivory,
only fix ificbes long. .
5. Eight BALi^^of Ivory, cm lyithin eaahoth^outx>f one folid
pjece, by th^ Chinefe.- What is the more afioniQiing ii^ this work of
art, is, that every ball is pierced of a diHerent pattern, as fine as lacfc.
6. A view otthe Lake and City, of Geneva, moft admiral^ ^
Carved id Ivory, by Me{{rs« Stephny and Drechr - in whom itn<*
mitable exhibition of carving in Ivory in New Bond Streftf^ndiU
Bath, this, and the following article, were the principal pieces. .
?• The City of Messina, taken from the fea, the mipping, ^.
executed with the moft aftonilhing minutenefs^ i*pme ot the veffei*
altho* not more than half an inch in length, have the fails, rigging,
men, &c. perfeftly diftitifl.
* 8. Cutk>ut
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IS
a, CuiTOUB cttiti»gs in PAwa, Tiy th?? Nans of Caftbra)r«
9. Some beautiful TuRNjMGa ia IvonY, by Mr. Pcay ot
10.- A fine Piece of Mosaic WorKi done in marble of its na-
tural colour. . r ' *
11.. Two )>€awtiful iMiTATiOHSof nioftof the EnglifliFLow-
ERS, made entirely of (hells of their natural colour* 1^ Mift
Httmphreya, of Leicefter-fquare, London.
J2. A Cas^e of Flowi^rs, nwde of Butterflies' wrings/
13- A Looking Glass* which fo diffiorts the human counte-
nancev that few can look in it without being aflamed of, or laugh*
ing at, their own face* -
, 14. An Imitatio» of EHGRAViNQ,execiitcdinPeniaiidI«k^
by Mons. Mongenot, of the Royal Academy of Pm%.
15. Reprefmtationof aTvGBR, ia ii3 natural colours, dme ia
Sand.
16. A Pjctu R B. which oa being viewed iftdifSra^ent direfiioils^
produces three difibrcntfubje&s. .
17; A Model of a Fountai k at the FahKse of Sc. Ciond, exe-
cuted in gfaft by the Proprietor.
18. Group of Flowj&rs. beautifully cut in marble. This is
B wonderful produdion of art. /
19. PoRTRAiTof Sir IsaAcNewton.iu wood, turned in^alathe.
SO. Reprefentation of a Hawking FalcOK, curioufly done
ifi folded latin,^ by the Chinefe. '
21. A PiCTVRE rcpref<^ting various Birds, executed widi
their natural feathers. "**
S3. Beautiful MoiUL for an Ancient Armoury, on a fcale
of an inch to a foot. It contains accurate mckleh and reprefenta*
(ions« of- every kind of armour and warlike weapons ufed by our
^Aceftors, from the tim^ of the Norman conqiieA to the reftoratioa
of Charles IL
^3. GRoyp of Flowers wt in Card Paper, prefented by
Mr. Madden, OMblin.
' 24. A very fine Carving in Wood, executed by Chevalier
Aubert Parent, reprefenting Flowers, Bird neft and young, dead
Hare, and Snipe; dedicated to Monfieur Meuyer, treafurer to the
Duke of Orleans ; prefented to this Mufeum by James Blackier,
Efq. late Sheriff of Dublin.
m^ PiGTURJg of a VuLTURR and Snakk» finely done in dif.
£Binant coloured iand«
SC. Pope .GA^AN£t4.i, or Clement XIV. tn coloured Wax.
S7« Roprefentatidnof Hercules deftroyingtbeHYORA,csurved
out of apiece of Amber, of extraordinarv dimenGons*
S8. Fine Bust, as large as Life, of Mailer H. W. Betty, the
voune Rofcius, at the age of 14 years ; cnt in Carara Marble, by
itfs. Gahagan, {.iondon;
29. A Dead Christ, modeled in coloun, by Ptercy, and
jullly
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jufily confiJered as tHe fincft produ&ion of that extraordinary
Artril ; and* fo triie a copy of nature as to jprove fo aiffeSing to
perfons not acquftoraed to the fight of fuch fubjefts, and on which
account it is kept covered. '
30. Mr. Kemble, in the charaQer of Cato.
31. Mrs. SiDDONS, as Queen Catharine, by Mr, G. Bullock,
^n Rice* ^ , •'
32. An extremely high finifhed whole length portrait* in cO'-
lours, by Piercy, of Frederick the Grj&at, df Pruffia^ taten du-
ring his laft illnefi. . ' , ^
33* Busts of the laying Seneca and his wife Paulina, from
the Antique Marbles at Rome. Seneca was a celebrated p}iilofo*
j>her* and preceptor to the Roman Emperor Nero, who, wheit he'
was ninety years of age, put.him to death, on a frivolous charge of
confpiracy/ The veins of his ^rofis and legs were opened j. and he
^ was put into a warmbath, to caufe his blood to run more freely }
in this fitkiation be is reprefented aimoll' ex{)ir;ng. The extreme
anguiih, mixed with refignation, depifiled in the coiintenance of
Jhis dying phitofopher, is fuch ^ muft excite admiration and pity
in the breaft of every beholder. The hand oi Paulina (whofe veins
weriC opened at the lame time, but was aftenv'ards recovered,) is
inimitably fine, and attracts the attention of every clofe obCerver
of human nature* . .
34. A fine Cnucinx.
35. A Miniature Portrait, painted by the celebrated Mi{« Baffin,
born without hands or feet.; this, as well as her writing and
needle-work, is executed in a furprifing mannerby the mouth only;
36. A fmall Figure, done from life, of the French General
Humbert,' who was taken prifoner in Ireland.
37. A very high^finiihed Anatomical Figure, from the
original of Dr. Hunter, Ibewing the.nmftles and tendons of the
Jiuman body. This is done in Kice Pafle of its natural coiourk
and has the exaft appearance of the fineft ivory,
38. Profile Heads of the following celebrated painters:—
U'itian, Raphael, Michael Angelo, Corrcgio, Carracci,and Carlo
Maratti. . -
39. A moftcapital Group of Figures, exhibiting the progrcfs
of Inebriety; finely modeled in colours, by Mr. Piercy,
40. An ancient Model, in white wax, of Henry VIII.
41. A beautiful Equeftrian Model, done in Rice^ Pafte, ,qf
Edward the B lack Prince, by Mr. G. Bullock, of Liverpool
42. An exquifite Mode) of the Death of Voltaire, done^iiji
Rice Pafte, by Mons. Querrin, of Cologne; univerfally admired
for its wonderful expreffion, and the delicacy with which it .i%
finifhed. / . .^
43. Holy Famii^y, from Carlo. Marat, done,in coloured wo6|
at Rome, from whence it was brought by Lord FrederickCampbeH.
44. Two minute and. beautiful ft^od^k in Wax, reprefenting
Gfowp3 of Cu>iDS and FLOWf;R§, , 45. A
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45. A fmallBell-Glafs, iriclofing Come curious Shells and Pladts^
being part of the Linn AAN Collection, with a fpccimen of
the Hand-Writinff of that celebrated NatUralift; prcfented to the
Mufeutn by Dr. James E. Smith, P. L. S.
46. Small Bell-Glafs, containing the Skeleton of an unknowi^
J-EAF differed, to fliew the curious fibres ; and the Skeleton of a
Troy*
47. Bell-Giafs, inclofing a large Nautilus Pompilius^ Lin. .
48. Two Carvings of Ivory of ot AGS in a Forest, by Stephriy. ^
49. Wi^NDSOR Castle, with the Thames, &c. by ditto. ;
50. Greenwich Hospital, with Shipping, &c. by ditto..
In this Room, are alfo three fuperb Bell-Glaffes, o£ very large
dimenfions; one coijtaining a variety of Humming-Bird$, and the
9ther an affemblage of tW moil rare and beautiful Sbdls and
Corals, elegantly difpofed.
Bell-Glass of Shells.
This Glafs, which turns on a pivyttcd frame, fupported by fd«r
crabs, exquifitely carved in wood, cont^s the foilowing Shells^
named according to LxNNiEUS,—^ ' .
No. L Partridge Tun. . ,
2. Organ Coral.
3. from Japan*
4.
5. ^" ' ! '
6. Murcx Ramo/uSK
7. , '
8. Trochus.
9.
10. Murex Indica^ -
11. Conus TexHU.
' i^r • , ; ■ .
IS. Marble Cone, Conus Marmareus.
14. ' ' ;
15. Ribbon S^iAiL^, Turio Pctkolaius. *
i7. Wild Bo AKf Murcx Haufttllum.
lo.
19i'Flti/ira Foliacca,
SO. Echinus unl^nown.
21. Mitre Smell, Votuta Efifcopalis,
92. White branched Coral.
23.
24. PoACHEB Ecc, Cypma Ovata.
25. \ -./'■' ■ y. ■
26* As5ES«
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87. SuBJ Trociiu&» TrodKus Nil^tkus.
88. Mdix JB^ofhik^imo^ .
'SQ. firofii Botany Bay*
SO.
.Si. Painted N£]tiTE.
32.
Si '
34v ^iitt# titterAtJis.
85.
S6. Madrep9ra Jtumai^
37.
i S8. - ,
38. . '
40. Bavimu) PiauctiAN, Bucdmm M^uUium* ,
41.
42. '
43.
44. PELLUdiD Oyster, ^r^a Pellucens^
45. Sromm LtltMT, Pa>w&.
^4&. Ooti> Br<>C AD£, Fi^]i/<? i^^e^^^^rtii. ^
47. Agate Bulla» i8i<//a AxMatma.
48. Strawberry Cockle, Cardium Flavum^
49. BuccinuM Glaucum.
60. Buccinum Erinaceus.
51. Madrepora ji^^diiUa.
52. Buccinum DimidiatUm,
53. Purble-fide Gorgonia^ Gorgonia Sanguinolenta^
64. Turoerculated Paper Nautilus, Argamawta Ht>dofd.
This is the animal from which man is firTl fuppofed to have
learned the art of failing. Pope, in his Eflay on Man, alludes t<>
It, where he fays,
«' Lcam of the little Nautilus to fail,
«< Spread the light oar, and catch the flying gale."
Pliny defcribes it thus, V But ampngft the principal miracles of
nature is the animal called PompiSos, or Naatilus : it afcends to the
furface of the fea in a fupine pofture, and gradually raifing itfelf
up, forces, by .means of ksitobe, aH <the wdtbr^rom theikcll, in
order that it may fwim the more readily ; then throwing back the
two foremoft arms, difplayl between ^thdlii a^n^mbrane'of %(Aonder-<
ful tenuity, which a£ls as a fail, while witii the remaining arms it
rows itfelf along, the tail in the middle, aflingas a helmt6 direft its
courfe; and thus purfues its voyage like a JiC4>leibip, till alarjkied bv
any appearance of danger^^itrheii it taike«i*i the water, and dcfocnds/^
55. RoSLE Madrepore, MadrsfMi Siopau
66. Red Coral, Gorgonia Nobilis.
57. Black-joined Coral^ i^ 4£f7i^fif «-
SA. Black Coral.
«9. 60.
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61. '
€2. Murex Sabyitmius. .
65. Bucrmnm DimidUium
€6. TheORAi^GE Flag, very rare. : '
67. Bear-paw GocklE, r<f/A»tf Scripia^
88. ^ ^ ' ,
69.
70.
71; Harp SttRLL, Bucdnum Harpa.
7^. Cdrdium M^micardium, ■ ''
73. Music Shell, Voiuta MuficA.
. 74. Opal Muscle, Mytilus,
75. Music Shell, Volutit Mujica.
76. ' ■ " '
77.
78.
79. Harp Shell, Buccinum Harpa.
,80. V
81. Murek Longicauda,
82. Spotted Melon, re^/«/^ Indica.
83. American Muscle. Mytilus. ■ '
84. Necklace Cone, ConusGlau€us^
85.
86.
87.
88. Pegasus, Pegajks drdco^ Lin.
This fifh is an Inhabitant of the Indian feas, and on account oi
the fizc of its pe6lnral fins, it is fuppofed, that like the flying filb,
it can fupport itfelf fome moments in the air, while it fprinss
occafionally over the furface of the water.
BcU^Glass of Humming Birds.
This Glafs ftSinds upon an elegant bronzed Egyptia'n trijfod,
whicb ftrikes the eye by its neatnel's and fimplicity of workman-
(hip. It contains the following Birds, at prefent known, named
i^iecording to Lin n >£ c s.
' ' ^ Say who Can paint
L^ke Nature? can Imagination boaft,
Amid her gay creation, hues like \hefe ? Thompson*
Of all animated beings (fays BiffFon) the Fly Bird is the moft
elegant in form, and fuperb in colours. The precious ftones po-
liihed by art, cannot be compared to this jewel of nature. Her mi-
niature produ£lions are ever the mofl wonderful ; the has^placed it
ia the order of birds^ at the bottom ot the fcale ot magnitude; but
D all
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till the talent$thatareonty(hared amongft tfaeothers.fliehalsbeftmrcU
profufely on this little lavburite. The emerald, the ruby, and the
topaz, fparkle in its plumage, which is pever foiled by thfc duftof
the ground. It is inconceivable how much thefe brilli^m birds add
to the high finifli and beauty of the weflern landfcape. No fooner
is the fun rifen» than numerous kinds are feen fluttering abroad :
their wings are fo rapid in motion, that it is iippoflible to difconi
their colours, except by their glittering; they are never flill, but
continually vifiting flower aher flower, and extra£ling the hpnty.
For this purpofe they are f urniflied with a forked tqngue, whi cb an -
ters the cup of the flower, and enables tl^em toiip the neftared tribute ;
upon this alone they fubfift* In their flight they make ^isui^^tng
iioife, not unlike a fpinning wheel; whence they have theif name.
The Nefts of thefe birds\afe not lefs curious than their form:
they are fufpen^ed in the air at the extremity of an orange branch ;
a pomegranate, or a citron tree,, and fometimes even ta.a^raw
;endant from abut, if they find one convenient for the purpofe.
he female is the architefl, while the male goes in queft of (naee«
rials, fuch as fine cotton, mofs, and the fibres of vegetables. The
neft is about the fize of haU a walnut. They lay two eggs at a time,
and never more, in appearance like fmall peas, as white as fnow^
with here and there a yellow fpeck. The time of incubation ctni-
tinues twelve days, at the. ena of which the young ones appoar,
being then not larger than a Blue Bottle Fly. •' I could never
perceive," fays Father Dutertre, *' how the pother fed them, ex-
cept that flie pref(^nted the tongue covered entirely with honey ex-
trafted from flowers." Thofe who have tried to feed them with
fyrups could not keep them alive more than a few weeks ; thefe
' aJiments, tbouffh of eafy digeftion, are very difiereni froip the deli-
cate iie^lar colleftei from the frefli bloffbms. It has been atlcdged
by various naturalifts, that during the winter feaifon they remain
torpid, fufpended by the bill from the bark of a tfee, and awakened
irito life when the flowers begin to blow ; but thefe fiftions are re*
jefted, for Catefty faw them through the year at St. Domingo and
Mexico,where Nature never entirely lofes her bloom. Sioane fays the
fame of Jamaica, only that they are more numerous after the rainy
feailpn; and prior to both, Marcgrave mentions them as being fre-
quentlhe whole year in the woods of Brazil. The method of obtain-
ing thefe minute birds is to (hoot them with fand, or by means of
the Trunk-Gun ; they will allow one to approach within five_or.
fix paces of them. It is eafy to lay hold of the little creature whil^
it hums at the bio flam. It dies foon after it is caught, and feryes
to decorate the Indian Girls, ^ho wear two o\ thefe champing
birds, as pendants from their ears. The Indians, indeed ^Te-iu
Aruck ana dazzled with the brilliancy of their various hues, that
tbey have named them ike Beams or Loch of ike Sun. Such is
the hiftory of this little being, who flutters from flower to flower,
breathes their IVeflmefs; wantons o;i the wings of the cooling
/ ' zephyrs;
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zephyrs: lips the neftar of a thoufand fweets; and refides ift
climes, where reigAs'tb^ beauty of ctjpitisd fpring* ,
No. J. TopAZ^ Humming hiKJ^.CXrochilus P^r/Az j inhabhs
Surinam. * . ,, ..^
2. Top AS do. female.
i3» l>o>> do. do. .
4. .
6. . ^
6.
7. Sapphire and Emerald H.fTrochilus Bicolor^ Lin.) inha-
feit& Gaudaloupe. .
8. Leaft Humming BiRp» (Trochilm Minimus Jmh^hMSorjtii
America. This is the lead of all known Birds.
9. L€;aft H. female and neft.
10^ VioLET-£AR£0 H. (Trochilus Auritus) inhabits Brazil
and Guiana.
. 11, lyictle H. (Trochilus Epcilis) inhabits Guiana*
12. Green Jacamar, fGalbula ViridisJ inhabits the moift
woods of Guiana and Brazil.
. 'IS. RuBY*N£C&'£D H. {TrochHos Motkiius) inhabits Guiana*
Brazil, and Surinam. ** .
.. M. Orey-bellied H;^rr<7^Az7wjP^^<z^jy inhabits Cayenne.
15. Black-capped H. (Trochilus PoiytmusJ inhabits South
America and Jamaica.
,. 16. Garnet-throated H. flre^MeVttJvfarj^wj.y
17.. Do. do. female, with neft and young.
18. Red-breAstedH ^rr^rAt7i<i^f(^ifi^in.r^inhabitsSurinam.
*. 19. Green andBLU£HYr/i?fAz/«iQi<rj^fl^inhabits Surinam.
20. Do. do. female.
21.HoNEY-sucKiNcH/2><?ciii7ttiAfe//^tf^,ttj^inhabitsCayenne
^. Do. . do. female.
S3. Do. do. ,
^. Black^bkbasted H. (Trochilus Graminctts.)
25. Collared Creeper, (Cerlhia Chalybeai xtAxAm the
•Cape of Good Hope ; feeds on infe£ls and the ne6lar of flowers ;
fings charmingly.
!^. Bl.\ck and Violet Cr££P£R, (Ccrthia Brq/tlianajinha-
bits Brazil.
27; Golden-crested Wren, (Motacilla RegulusJ inhabits
tbe whole world ; is the leaft of Britifli Birds, and fings melodiouily.
. 28. A large Bell Glafs, containing a piece oT Weft India white
Coral, of extraordinary (ize and beauty; in the branches of which
is {entangled a fine fpecimen of that lingular animal the Medufa
Head Star Fifli, apd at the bottom of which are difpofed feveral
rare Shells, Crabs^ Fifticsi and other marine produ6lions.
. ' . D2 CHINESE
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CHINESE CURIOSITIES, Ac.
No. 1* A GifiNESK >AOOD, or Idol, inad« of brafo, fotne-
%vhatin thefliapeof a Lion, with an apertureih the back forputtiBgia
incenfe and fire, the fiuoke of ^hich afcends through the mouth.
2. Indian HOUCA, or Tobacco Pipe. Thefnakeor pipe
through which the fmoke is conveyed to the mouth, is a flexible
tube, covered with red (ilk, about five yards long; at the end of
this is a veffel, in the form of a bell, feveral pounds weight, which
is filled with water^ fomelimes r^k^witet; irom the top of this bell
rifes another fmall tube, about ten inches long, at the end of which
is the head of the pipe, which contains the fubftance they fraoke,
compofed principally ol odoriferous herbs, mixed with other thi^igs.
It is lighted by putting fmall balls of charcoal upon it; when they
b^in to dfa^i tb^ frtioke afcends through the water, and comes
through the long tube into the mouth Q^ite cool, and much plea«
fanter than by th^ cemnion manner. This method of fmokidg is
cotifider^d as a luxury among the natives of the £aj(l, and they have
a fervant whofe office it is to attend his mailer with his pipe*
8. A bettutiful Chinese Bow and Arrows^. The bow is made
of horn, fipely painted and japanned, and when unftrung, turna
back in fuch a manner that the ends nearly touch. The method
of uniting the horn for thefe bows is unknowp to ]&ur<^>€2^.««
See this Bow in the Armoury,
4. A Chinese Halbert, the ftock inlaid with mother of
pt^t\.-^-Sie Armoury^
o. Chinefe two edged pointed Sword.— 5rf^ iiit^,^
6. A Chinese Shieid, made of Buf&lo^'s hide, japanned and
painted. — 5^^ ditto.
7. A left handed two edged Sword. — See diitg.
8. Various kinds of Men and^W omen's Shoes, from Chinas
9* Curious Stockings, from ditto.
10. Model of the Leg of a Chinese Lady, who had worn the
Iron Shoe, taken from one in pofl'effion of Sir Jofeph Banks. This
ridiculous cuftom pfafiifedby the Chinefe on the fafhionable ladies,
it is faid, is to prevent them from ftraying too much from home^
The banner of performing it is thus. When the child is three years
old, the bones of the feet are broken, and a tight bandage put oa^
over which they fix an Iron Shoe, which prevents the growth of
the foot, and makes the wearer Lave an awkward gait in waUcitig^^
The Shoes which fit this Model are in Cafe No* 8, and Mifceibi-
neous Cafe No. 2.
11. Two Fans from China ; one made of feathers, the other it
of a curious conftru£kron, and is made of ivory.
1^. A Chinefe Su^ Fan, feven feet Jong.
13. A Fly Flap, carried in the hand to keep the flies from the
^face. Some have a Hervant whofe employment is the performance
of this office, , ' 14. A
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14. A Banner, carried before the Emperor of China when
he goes in perfon to tb« wy*; it is compofed of filk^of various
colours, the middle of Which Is drtoi^memed ^itb a number of the
moft horrible figures that can be conceived.
15. A Man's tl at, made of eane bcquered, on which are fome
Chinefe chara£lers.
16. Another Hat, made ctf c^nt*
17. Whistling Arrows from China, the heads of which
are made of horn perforated with hole*, which, by cutting the air
in their flight, produce a loud whiftling found, whence the name.
The fame kind of Arrows were iormeily ufed in England, and
ihot from t)ne friendly camp to another, by way of fignals.
18. and 19. Two Musical Instruments, with three ftrings,
played upon after the manner of a Guitar ; they have a kind of
drum at the etidi OM of which is covered with the &in of a fnakc.
. Prefented by H. BlundcU, tfq* of Ince. \
SO. Chinese Gong, which is an inftrunient of femi-metdl
reCembUng a pot lid ^ (hi« on^ being ftruck prodtM:es;a found fimiiar
to the tone of a Iarge4ieil. They are fufpeitded by the Chine r^ at
the head of 6v«ry yeife) when tracked along the car»als,and ftruck as
occafion requires^ by the ueoplef on board* to inform the trackers
when to defiil hauHng, aria when to refmnie their labour. By thi^
method iDUch confufion is prevented, where the great concourfe of
veffcls would be contimiaUy'runnj.ng foul of each other, if oot
wameKi by this cobtfivance. Thcfe Gongs ha\'e fo many vario «;
notes, that the trackers knov perfe&ly when the fignal is made fron;
the veffcl they are hauhng. They are likcwife ufed at the garn-
fons, and beat at the approach of Viceroy or Mandarin of rank, &c.
"21. A Pair of BRAMIN^s SHOES, from the 'Eaft- Indies,
Perhaps no article of drefs to the eyes of an European will appear
more extraordinary than thefe Ifaoesi^ They aremade of hard wood
of one piece, in the form of the foleof a common flioe, raifed from
the ground about the height of a patten, by a pmjefiing .piece of
wood being left at the front and a^ the heel. The means by which
they are failened to tlte feet, is by a peg of wood, that ftands be-*
tween the two largeft toes, which fecures them in walking.
38* Weapon, ufed by the Poiliguars in the Eaft-Indies. They
are tbrowi^ with amazing velocity and certainty, being principall^p
aimed at. the legs of their enemies. * ' '
23. Part of the M^i^fail of theShip Resolution, C»pt. John
Pettjegrew, of Liverpool, whieh was rent and knotted in an cxtra-
orcfanaiy manner, in a nle of wind on the 14th of Augufi, 1809.
34i. several French ^hoes er Clogs, called Sliabots.
. 85- Rope made of Wood, found in the Bog of Alfen, County,
of Weft Meath, Iretand. Ufed by ^he peafamu for agricultural,
porpofeft. Prcfemed by L#^< M*N«Uy, fifq« Dublin.
NATURAL
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83
NATURAL HISTORY.
QUADRUPEDS.
Thefo are tby glbrions work*, Parent af Good,
Thou fitt'ft above thofe heavens '
To us invifiblc, of dimly feen
In thefe thy lo weft works ; yet theie declare
Thy goodnefs beyond thought, and power divine. ^
MrtTON.
No. L Variegated, Tufted, or Ursine Baboon.
f Simla Mormon^ Lin.)
This Baboon is very numerous about the Cape. of Good Hope,
and is one of the largefl of this tribe of animals, meafuring, when
full ^own, nearly five feet in hfsight. It. is very firong, fierce, and
libidinous, yet at the fame time is capable of attachment and gra-t
titude. One that was fent to the Proprietor of this Mufetim, ia the
year 1803» had two deep woiinds in its loins^ owing to the preiTure
pi a heavy chain by which it was confined, fridging the ftin tit
fuch a manner, as almoft to fever the flelh from, the booe ; on ap«
pearing anxious to e^atnine the wounds, it prefenied the lacerated
part to infpedion, and after one fide was drelTed with a. very iharp
mixture, (though at the fame time it was agonized with pain,) it
pp^ned the other wound for the lame application, which it conti-
nued to do, imtil fuch time as the esccoriated places w^re healed.
It remaiQed at the Mufeum fome time afterwards, and plthough
mifchievous to the family, yet on the leaft motion of (he hand, or
yOn uttering an angry word, it was all attention and. fubmillion.
Thefe baboons in their native country do confiderable 4^roage tO:
the gardens and plantations, carrying on tlieir depredat^ions in large
troops, wi h (uch botdn^fs and refolution, as excite aftomibment*
2. Negro Monkey, C&WtfAfflMra, Lin.)
That iagacious obferver of nature, Mr. G. EdWards, feems to
kavfe been the .firfl; defcriber of this fpecies. It is a native of Cey-:.
Ion and Guinea.
3. Striated Monkey, (Simia Jacthus^ Lin.) • >
. This extraordinary little animal, no larger than a 3quirreh is an^
inhabitant of Brazil. In a native ilate, theie Mpnkies are fiuppofed^
to feed upon fruits, but in a ftato of confinement ^hejrwill qcciu -
fionally feed on infe£ls, fnails, &c. Edwards, in his^l^anings^
Intakes mention of a pair of thefe .ai^imals which belongejd to a
London merchant, who refided ^ Li(bon, bad^youn^ 2\ th^plac^.
Xhefe,.at their birth were exceeding ugly,'having no fur. TBey '
would freqixejitly cling fail t& the tc^ts oi the dam; ancl when they
grew
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jttew a jittle, the]^ ufei id hang upon her back arid Qiotiklcf*;
When flic was tired, flie would rub them off againft the wall of
whatever dCe w^$ near, as the only modeof ridding hcrfelf of them*
Qn being £oreed from the female, the male immediately took them
to him and fuffered them to hang roi^d him, to eafe her of the
bufthea. This kind of monkey is very rarely brought to^this
country* j
4. The'M^PAOASCAR Bat, (Vefpertilio Vampyrus, Lin.)
This uncomili6n animal is called by Buffon the Roufette* it
meafiiKes nearly three feet from the tip of one wing to the other;
the body is nearly as large as th^tof a cat, but it reiembles a rat in
the (hape o£ the head ; it is covered with (hort hair of a reddifli
btown colour ;.the top of each wing i« armed with a ftrong claw,
with which it faftens itfelf to the branches of trees ; it has likewife
five (harp daws on each foot* Some of thefe animals grow to
an enormous fize*; and in the iflands of the £aft-Indies diey are
fometimes fcen in fuch numbers, that they darken the air at noon-
day, they are carnivorous, and very voracious. In a fcarcity of
flefli and fifli, they feed on vegetables and fruits of every kind.
This is the Bat to which Linnaeus applied the title of Vampyre,
on the fuppofition of its being the fpecies of which fo many ex-
traordinary accotints have been given relative to its power of fuck*
ing the blood of men and cattle.
5. Whitr Bat, (Ve/pertilw Auritus Far. Lin.) This k a
variety of the loog^eared Bat.
6. The Sloth, f BradypusTridactylus^ Lin.)
Thefe are of all quadrupeds the moft flothful and indolent, i
** Nature (fays the Count de Buffon) feems to have created this ill
epnllru£bed mafs of deformity for nothing but mifery." They
have neither canine nor incifive teeth ; their eyes are dull and hea- *
vy ; their mouths >videand thick ; their fur refembles dried -grafs ;
their thighs are almoft disjointed^ from their haunches ; their legs'
are very (hort, and badly (haped ; they have no foles to their feet,
nor tpes fcparately moveable, but only two or three claws, excef-
fively long, crooked downwards, and backwards. They can nei-
ther feize on prey, nor feed on flefh, and are, therefore reduced to
live on leaves and wild fruits. They take up a longtimein crawling
to a tree, and are ftill longer in climbing to its branches. When*
at laft one of them has accomplilhed its end, it fattens itfelf to a
tree, crawls from branch to branch, and by degrees ftrips the whole
oi' its foliage; in this manner it remains feveral weeks without
moifteiun^ ;^it5 food ; and when it has confumed its flore, and the
tree is lek quite indied, unable to defcend, it continues on till
banger prefles, which becoming more powerful tharr the fear of
danger, or evende^ih itfelf, it drops to the ground, without being
capable of exerting any effort to break the violence of the fall. Its >
manners ate fluggilhto an exceffive degree : its general appearance
difguftiog; ivs.v^ice plaintive^ pixeous» and even horrible* It can
live
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live a wrodljjnnistime'lrkknit f(^ Rircfittr ^r8 forty lAayi^ le
has vaft ftrengtfa in the paws» andi faftens iu claws into atiy thing
with fuch force, that they cann«>t be difengaged x hence, when ^
beaiU of prey auackthis aniiual, it adheres to them fo fktong\y/
that they both are found deadin each other's grafp.
7. Middle Ant EATtLK.fMyrmecopkagd TtiraJaGyU^lA^^)
Inhabits South America, goes out in the night, and fleeps do*
ring fhe d^y; when irritated^ it feines on » ftick <«• ether obje£l
vritb its fore claws, and fights fittihg on his hind t«gs| theextre-^
mity of the tail is naked and prehenfile^ by means of which) it is
enabled to fuf|>eiid itfelf to the branches x>t trees. <
8. Least Ant-Eater, CMyrmgeaphaga Bvia&yla^ Lin;) '
Inhabits Guinea, and the' hptteft parts of South America. It
clinibs trees in queft of a fpeeie« of Ants that build' their n^fts
asDong the brandies; they thmft out their clamniy tongue into ^M
iteft, *nd draw it l«lo their mouths covered with infcfts. Their
tail is of great ufe to them in climbing, for tbey twifl it toi^iid the.
branches to prevent their foHiQg4 ■•. . ,
0. Porcupine Ant-Eater, fMyrmecopkag^Muledia^ShdLW,)
. This is ode of thofe cUriotisammais which have been lately dis*
covered in New Meiland. It differs from all the other Aru.£atefts
in having the body covered with fliarp fpines, refeffiibling Porcu-
pine's quills, only they are (horter and thicker in proportioti. It
has a remarkably long tubuUu' fnout, with a v^ry fmali mouth, out
of which it (hoots its worhilike tongue, in the. fame manner as the
others. It burrows under the ground with the greateft eafe, nature
having furaiflied it with amazing ftrengch in its legs and feet*'
to. Lo«G.TAiLfiD Makis, {Monif TutradaSyla, Lin.)
Tbis rare animal is a native of India and Africa. It is perfe£lly
gentle and harmiefs, thou^ it has^ themoft formidable appearance,
being entirely covered with large fliarp fcales^ which it ereSs
when irritated. Buffon fays, *^ The moft cruel and voracious of
bieafis, fuch afi theTyger and the Panther, make but uCelefs efforts to
devour thefe armed animals; they tread upon, and roll them, but
when they attempt to feize them, they are grievoufly wounded ;
they can neither terrify them by their violence, nor crufli them by
their weight.'^ This animal has a ftrong affinity to the Ant-EmerS^
from which they chiefly differ in the covering of their bodies; r -
11. Short-tailed Manis, (MAnis P€niadactyla^lAn;;)v '
This animal differs from the, farmer, in being of a fiieitcnr^aiiitl
Ib-onger form, and in having the fcaies much broadi^r, ifi'Jffite
neighbourhood of Bengal it is called Vajraeite, of the TIi^iMmL
bolt reptile, from the eicceffive hardnefs of its fcalei^ whldt' vt
faid to be capable of giving fire with a flint. The one ir^ihts diA*
leflion meafures 5 feet in length, and is 2 feet, 2 inches in^sit^
cumference, a $ze to which tbey rarely attain. »
Vi. liiiiE'EAUDKDAtiUADiLLo/lhi/ypusifovemcinSiis.lAn.)
It received the name oi Arma4iUo, or Hog m Armour^ from
the
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llic Spahiar(!s, and from Ae impen«trabk coal olf maU witk which
it is turniftcd by nature for its defence* It is a na(}iye of South
' Amerka; where there ar^ feveral kinds af thera j but the principal
'difference confifts iq the number of bands> or folds, of which the
armour that covers the body is compofcd* It i« a harmiefs, in-
btlcnfive animal; feeds on roots, fruits, and othar ve^etabtes;
frows very fat, and is much efteemed for the deKcacy Qf its fieflu
lie Indians hunt it with fmall dogs trained for the purpofe t wheii ,
ft is furprifed; it runs to its hok, or attempts to make a new one,
which it does with great expedition, having ftFong claws on the
fore -feet, with which it adheres fo firnkly to the ground, that if it
ftoold be caught by the tail whilft making its way into the eaith,
its refiilaiice is fo great that it will fometinies leave it in the hamW
©Cits purfners; to avoid this, the hunter has recourfe to artifice,
mn<H)y tickling it with a ftick^ it gives up its hold, a;id fuflfers itfelf
to be taken alive. If no other means ot efcape be left, it rolls it-
fclf up within^its covering, by drawing in it* head and legs,^ awit
bringing its tail round them, as a hand to conneft them more for-
cibly together; in thisf fituatioo it fpraetimes efcapes by rolling it.>
felf over the edge of a precipice, and generaHy falte to the bottom^
unhurt.
13. CoMHOU SfiALi (Pkocd Vitiitin^; tin.)
This animal is a native of the European 'Sea5, and is found about
♦11 the eoafts of the northern hemifphere, and even as far as^ the*
^f)ofite one, bein^ fecn in yaft numbers a&out the Stnithern polar
regions.-r-We arc informed by Mr. Pennant, that it aWb inhabits
fome frefli water lakes, as that of 3aiket, Oron, See. Seals may
<iften be obfefVed fleeping on the r6dt!K near the coaft % but when
approached too near, they fuddenly precipitate them felves intd tW
Water. Sometiine^ they fleep found, ana it is affirmed by fcMne,
Ihat ib^ Seal ffeeps more protoundly than moft dther quadrupeds."
TheAruSureof the Seal is fo (Jngular.that, as Buflfbn Well obferves,*
II WiB a kind of model, on Whidi the imagination of the Poets*
formed their Tritons, Sirens, and Sea-Gods, With a human head,.
the body of a quadruped, and the tail of ^ fifti. The Seal is pofi
fe£Eed of a confiderabie degreie of intelligence, and may be tamed,*
ft> as to betjome fanuliar. Th^ female Seals produce their young*
itt (he winter fcafott, and fetdom bring more thaniwo at a birt^.
It it faid, that they fuckle the young ones for about the fpace oT a*
fiaitaight ont the (pot where they are born, after which they take
them out to fea, and inftru3 them in fwimming and feeking their
to04» wkich confift* of filh, fea weieds, &c. The Seal is fuppofeU
to be IcM^-itved, Buffpn fays it a^ttains an hundred years. The
iwtce of a fi|U grown Seal is like the barking of a dog ; that of the '
^Otti^ eel^bmbles the njiewing of a kitten^ They are laid to delight
III Ihunder fiornls, and at fvcb peribds to fk od the recks and con*
temptate^with fceming dcHght the Convulfipns of the efements.
Se^j ar^ gefteraHy^ very fat^ and arc bunted lot the f^Ae of their
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en. The Seal inttus Mufeum was brought alive from Ireland, an^
lived fome time aftcr^ in the ftoffeffion of the Proprietor.
13. A.— -An extremely fmalUpecies of Seal, fuppofe<i to be
Phoca Pufilla^ from Davis. Streights.
. 13. B.— The Hunting Tiger, /^Ji/ziTtt^o/a, Lin.)
; This was brought from Senegal to Liverpool, and was perfeftljr *
tame; they are ufed in India for hunting. Tippoo Saib had -^
£ack of them, part of which^ with the huntfman, were fent to
london, and remained in the Tower for forae time.
14. Panther, fFdis Pardu^^ Lin.)
The Panther is^n untameable animal, and is next m fize.to the ^
Tige^. It inhabits Africa, Barbary, and the remotefi pafts of
Guinea; is extremery fierce, and attacks every living creature
-without diftinftion, but hajppily prefers the flefb of brutes to th^
of mankind* The ancients were well acquainted with tbefe ani-r
mals. - The Romans drew prodigious numbers from Africa^ foF
their public Ihows. Scarus exhibited 150 of them at one time ;
Ppmpey, 410; and Auguftus, 420. They probably thinned the
coaft of MauriUnia of thefe animals ; but they ftill fwarm in the
Iputhern pans of Guinea. The Skin of this Panther was pre-
fented by Mr. Pollito.
Margay, or Tigejc Cat, (Felis Tigrina, LinO .
r This diminutive species 9f Tiger, which is fcarcely as large ^
thedomeftie Cat, is a native of South America. In the difpo-
fition of its colours it greatly refembles the Panther. It is very
" $erce and untameable, _
; 15. The Ichneumon, fViverrq Ichuumon^ Lin.)
In India, but ftill more in Egvpt, the Ichneumon has alway>
leen confidered as one of the moft ufeful and eftimable of animals j
fince it is an inveterate enemy to ferpents, rats, and other noxidus
creatures which infeft thofe regions. In India it attacks witl*
courage, that moft dreadful reptile, the Cobra de Capello, or
hooded Snake. It alfo diligently feeks for the eggs of Crocodiles ^
Jbr which reafon, as well as its geneial ufcfulnefs in^deftroyi^g all
manner of troubjefome reptiles, it was held in fuch*a high degree*
of veneration by the ancient Egyptians, as to be regarded as a
' minor deity, or one; of thofe benevolent beings proceeding frpn* *
the Parent of the Univerfe. For the purpofes above fpecified i^ '
i^ ftill domcfticated by the Indians aud Egyptians, m. thef;^c(
manner as the C^ in Europe ; and it ha^ alfo the merit of 4)ei^>g|
eafilytamedj an4 p^erformmg with alacrity, all the offices .of ^^.
ijreature. Like inany others of this tribe, it is,a moll dai^ei^tts,
eneYtiy to feveral animals* largef than itfclf: over whic)> it gan^ ^
vjftory, and fucks their blood. In a wild Uate it fre<|uer^'s. tlwjiX^^
in queft of prey, where, it is reported to fwim and xfiye ^i^. ao?
Ouer, and; continue a-^ length of tir^e. under water^ ;f A^iJ if ^ ]
native of warm climates^ it of courfe is greatly inju^(5d,hy^^jre-^
rapval to the cold regions of EuropCj to thp variations <>f.\yhith^
it g^erally falls a viCllm* ^;* ' ' !' ^ 16. The
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* 16. The Civis.r, fFiverraCivettd, Lin.)
This, animal is fometiraes erroneoufly called the Mulk Cat. It
is a native of the hotteft climates of Africa and Afia ; yet it is ca^
pahle of living in tcmjierate or even in cold countries, if it be
4:arefully defended againfl; the injuries of air, and provided .with*
delicate and fucculent food. The Civet Cat is a wild fierce ani*
afnal, and feeds on its prey in the fame manner as the Fox. . Ii|
Holland they are frequently reared for the f^ke of their perfume,
which greatly refembles ii^ulk. — This is produced in a pouch
under the tail ; and thofe that keep tliem for this parpofe, put them
ioto a long narrow box in which they cannot turn; this, box is
opened behind twice or thrice a week by the perfoa who^ollefts
the perfume, who drags the animal backwards by the tall^ and
keeps it in that fituation by placing a bar before it, while with a
fmall fpoon he fcrapes the odoriferous fubftance from the pouch
, in which it is produced. •
17. Ermine, fMuJlela Erminea^ Lin.)
Is found principally in the wilds of Ruflia, and other cold
countries.^ It is from, the flcin of this animal that the valuable
white fur is made. They are faid to change their colour, being
brown in fummer, and white in winter,
18. The CoATi,orBRAziLiANWEASEL,^r«Wrr<j5Ari5/t(6fl,Lin,)
It inhabits Brazil and Guiana, runs up trees very nimbly, eats
like a dog, and holds its food between its fore legs like a bear*
It isTaid to gnaw its own tail.
18. A.— The Pine Martin, (Muflela MarUs, Lin.)
Inhabits Europe, Afia, and America, devours pidgeons and
poultry, and lives chiefly on trees.
19. Squash, or Stifling, (Vivtrra Mephitis^ Lin.)
It is a native of Mexico; and feeds on beetles and fmall birds»
It deftroys poultry, of which it only eats the brains. When
afraid, or irritated, it voids an offenfive kind of odour, which no
, creature dares to approach. Profc,ffor Kalm was in danger of
being fuffocated by one that was purfued into a houfe where he
flept, and it affefted the cattle fo much that they bellowed through
pain.
19. A. — The Otter, (Muflela Lulra, Lin.; s
Is pretty generally diffufed over Europe, North America, and
•Afia, as far as Perfia, it feeds principally on fiih, and is very
deftruftive to our ponds and livers; it lives in holes under
ground, the openings to which are beneath the furface of the wa-
ter ; the bite of the Otter is extremely fevere, but they are capable
ot being tamed, and taught toT5(h for their owner, which they do
with the greateft addrefs, as they are capable of remaining a cpn«
fiderable time ynder water.
20. Petaurina Opossum, ( Didelphis Petaurus. Var.)
The fize, colour, and form of the Petaurina, or Great Plying
Opoffui^ of New Holland, renders it one of the mofl bc^utiiui
E2 , and
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and extraordinarv of Ouadni|>eds* The whofe fod^h b mflier
&ore thaii three nsei, of which the tail is nearly one helf« The
body is atbout the fiee of a fmall rabbit, and the general appearance
is that of a flying fquirrek An expanfile naemb'rant, covered
At^ith fur« ftretcfaes from the fore to the hind legs on each fidesoj'
the body, which enables the animal to fpring at pleafui?e to a
great dillance. The general colour of thefe animals is a dce]^
grey brown ; but the one in this CplIe£lion is of a uniform whitew
ivith a very faint fibade of grey down the back. The niitiyea or
Botany Bay call it Hcf^ona Roq..
31. The Great KANCVRp9,/^^iW<(i^AtjrC^an/<a» lAn. hlU^
trppus MojOTy S))aw's Zoo.) ^
. Of all the animab which the vaft IQand, or rather Continent
df Auftralafia has prefented to our view» the K^gnroo muft bd
confidered as onecH the moft extraordinary ; its fize» general con^
formation* teeth» and other particulars, conijpiring to render it a
moll interefling objefi t6 every nfUuralift^ The firft difcovcry of
this remarkable Quadruped, was in the. year I770» when Capt,
Cook was ftacioned on the coaft of New Hollands It is the only
Quadruped our colonifts have yet met with in New South Waie$
that fupplies them with animal foo4. T^ere are two kinds ; the
krgetl that has been (hot weighed about HOlbs. and meafured
irom the point of the nofe to the end of the tail, ^ feet 1 inch \
the tail, X feet I inph ; heac|> 8 inches \ JFore legs, 1 foot ; hin4
legs, 2 feet 8 inches; circumference of the fpre part of the body
near the legs, 1 f6ot 1 inch; and of the hind part, % feet* The
AnaHer kind feldom exceeds 601bs. This, ani^nal is fulniihe^
with a pouch (imilar to that of the Opoflum, in which' its yx>ung
are nurfed and {heltered. It feeds on grafs and oth^r vegetakl^
fubftances« In their native ilat^ thefe animak are laid to feed in
herds of 30 or 40 together; and one is generally obferved to be
ilationed as if apparently on the watch, at a diilance from the refi^
One of the moil remarkable particularities of the |Canguroo is the
extraordinary faculty which it poffeffes of feparating at pleafure^
to a confiderable diilance, the two long for^ teeth in the low^
jaw. The Kanguroo may be confidered in fom^ degree as na*.
turalized in England, feveral having been kept for many years i^
the Royal domains at Richmond, which have, during their refi.
dence ther^, produced young, and promife tp render this ino^
elegant animal a permanent acquifitioh to our country. ' u
2i. Rat Kanguroo, (Macropus Minor ^ Shawi) >.:
Thisfpecies, which, from its colour and the general afp^'Qfit$
tipper parts has obtained the title of the Kanguroo Rat, isabontitho
fiaee of a rabbit : the general (hape of the animal refembles thatof th^
Kanguroo, but is far lefs elegant, the proportion of the parts left
plcdfing, and the hair, which isadulky cinereous browniot a coarfer
nature. In its teeth it agrees t^th the great Kanguroo, Except
thai it has eight in^ead of fix front teeth in the upp^ jjawi the two
^lidd^Q
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niddle toes beinff iharp (xniit^: the fol'e tedh in iht \owir jaW*^
nrp like thpfe of the great Kangaroo as t6 fliape and pofitioh, but
•re fmallcF in proportion; the grindlers are three in namber oa
i^ach fidfe both above and below^ the foreHioil being fluted or cbarn*
Itelled with feveral longitudinal ribs ; the two ^maining ones plain*.
The ftrufture of the hind feet in this fpecier refembles thofe of
^ KanguroOf but the fore feet have only four toes. The female
is furnifted with an abdominal poiic^ for the reception of th*
young* Some of this fpecies were imported in a living ftat*
from New Hollaitd, andJ)irottgbt forth young. lu native namd
as. Polar, or WaitE Biar, ("Ur/hs Matititkus, Lin. Sys*
J<l«t.Omeh) ,
This is a far Wger fpedes^ than the tomtnon Bear, and (s fai^
|o have been fometimes found of the length of 12 feet. The head
and neck are of a more lengthened form than in the common
'fiexs «^ the body itMf is longer in projpbrtiont The whole .
antnnd is white, the ears round and IVuall ; the eyes little, atid thS
^eeth of extraordinary magnitude; the hair is of great length, and
l^e. limbs aiie extremely large and ftrongk It fe^mis confined to
fhe coldeft parts of the globe; being found within 80 degrees of
north latitude, as far as ahy Navigators have yet penetrated. The
fliorei 6f Hudfon's Bay, Greenland, and Spitibergen, are it^ prin^
ipipal places of fefidence; but it is faidto be carHed fometitnes 6ff
the floating ice as far fouth as Newfoundlands The Polar Beax^ >
is an animal of tremendous ^en^h and fiercenefs. Barentz, in
jdis voyage in fearph of a north-eaft piflage to Chiha, had pi-oofii
of the ^rocity of th^ animals, in the lUand of Nova Zembla„
where they attacked the fcamen, fei^ing them in their mouths;
.f arrying them off with the greateft eafe. and devouring them in
the flght of their comrades. It is faid, that they fometimes will
iUtempi to bo4rd armed veflcls, at a difiance from (hore, and hav6
been impelled with difficulty. The ufual food of the 3ear confifl^
pf feaJs, fiOi, and the carcafes of whales; but when on {and, they
prey on deer an4 other animalsr They e^t alfo various kinds of
perries they happen to find. They arc frequently feen in Green-?
jand in droves, allured by thp fcent of the ile(h of feals,^ and they
will fometimes fu^round the dw^Jling^ of the natives, ^nd attetnpt;
ta break in; and it is added, that the mo:fl fupc^fsful method of
repelling them is by the fmell of burnt feathers. They grow ei^
^emely fat, a hundred pounds of ereafe.havjiig.beeri takf^n from ai
itagle beaA*. I^he fle(h is (aid to be coarfe, but the fliin li vdue4
for the coverings of yarioiis kinds, and the preenlanders often
weitr k as a clothing, ^h^s fplit tendons imc faid to fofin '^a ejt^
cellent thread. During the lummer they refide chiefly on the
ice-iflands, and pafs frequently from one to the othet; being eit^
pert fwia^ners. They Mve tieen feen 6n thefe ice4fl4nds m the
iMiln&ce of more than 80 miles Uqt^ landi preying and feeding as
thejr
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^cy floatalong. They lodge in dens, formed in thevdA maided
X}( ice, which are piled in a flupendous manner, leaving great
caverns beneath: here they breed, and bring fonhone or two at a
time. The affe&ion between the parent and youngi« fo great,
that they will foona- ^ie than 4efert each other. They follow
their dams a long time and grow, to a large ftze before they quk
them. During wintef they retire, and bed themfelvc« deep BeJj.
cieath the fnow or elfe beneath the fixed mounuins of ice, where
^hey pafs in a date of torpidity th,e long and difmal JtrSic nights,
appearing only with the return of the Sun. The ikins pf the Po-
lar Bear, fays Pennant, were formerly offered by the hunters in the
nrfiic regions to the high aliars.of cathedrals and other churches,
for the prieft to ftand on during the celebration of mafs in winter*
Prefented by S. Staniforth, Efq. of Liverpool. .
24. White Mole, (Talpa Europaa^SfdiX. Liii.)
25. Black Rat, {Mus Rattus^ Lin.)
This fpecies is now almofl: extinfl, (though formerly very com-
mon) bein^ nearly extirpated by the common rat, which is- origi*
najly a native of Norway. \ >
SO. White Rat, {bins JXecumanus, Var. Lin.) caught in ai
mill near Warrington. i
27. Marmot, (ArSomys Marmota^ Lin.) -
The Marmot, when taken young, is more capable of being
tamed than any other wild animal;, it will eafily learn to perform
feats with a ftick, to dance and obey the voice of its matter; it
bears a great antipathy to the dog, and when it becomes familiar
in a houie, and is certain of being fupported by its mailer, it will
in his prefeniie attack the largeil dogs, and boldly fail^n on them
with its teeth. They are natives of the Alps and Pyrenean mouti.
tains, and remain in a torpid Hate ffom the end of September to
the beginning of April. They live in focietics, from hve to four,
teen in number, in burrows which have feveral paffages ; con*
$ru3ed with great art; the principal apartment at the ^nd is
war^lly lined with mof$ and hay; and it is afferted, that this*
work is carried on by the whole company, that fome cut the fin^ft
\grafs, others pull it up, others take it in their turn to convey it to
the. hole; upon this occaCon, it is added, one of them licji on its*
hack, permits the hay to be heaped upon its belly, keeping tits
paws upright. to make room, and in this manner it i$ dragged^ liay :
and all, to their common retreat. Whenever they ventuic abroad, »
o^e is placed as a centinel fitting on an elevated rock, %viiile th^;
others amufe themfelves in the nelds below; and no fiooner does^ '
he perceive a man, an eagle, a dog, or any other enemy,, than lie
informs the reft by a kind of whittle, and is himfelf the laft to take
ir^fuge in the cell. TJiefe animals run much fwifter up hill than
^pwn; they climb trees, and run up the clefts of rocks, with
jgre^ ^^fip; indeed it is ludicroufly faid of the Savoyards, who arc \
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the geneml chlmncy-fwcfepers of Farls, that they have learned
their trade from the Marmot. ^
^j.28. .GrH^Y Squ itiKLLtf Sciurus Gnertus^ Lin.)
This Squirrel is an inhabitant of the northern parts of America,
where theyf are Tometi^es To injurious to the plantations, that a re-
ward of three-pence each for thbfe deftroyed, is given by feveral
of the American States. Pennfylvania alone, in the year 1750,
paid no lefs a fum than 8,000i. for deftroying them* i
.28. A.—* Variety of the common Squirrel, from Ruflia; •
-.29^ BiACK Squirrel, ^5«wrMi JVi^^,' Lin. j
.., The black S(juirrel diflFers principally froip the former Squirrel
in its colours; its habits and manners being nearly the fame.
. 30. Amerk:an Flying ^Q}JiKm.u (Sciur^is yolucena^lAniy
Is lefs than the common European, being not aSove five inched
long, and is of a grey afli colour on the back, and white on the
under parts ; he has black prominent eytt like a mouib, with a
Wge. broad flat tail. The name feems to imply, that he is en^ '
dowed with wingff like a bat, which however is not the cafe ; for
he has only a loofe ikin on ieach fide, extending ircna the fore Ci>
ih^ hinder feet, with which it is canne6led; this (kin he capt
ftretch out like a fail, which holds fo much air, that it buoys him
Up, by which means be can jump from^ one tree to another at a
great aiilance, infomuch that fome have thought he had the faculty^
of flying. He feeds on the fame provifions as other Squirrels,
and may eafily be made tamie; but he i» apt to do a great deal o£
mifcbief in com*fidds, by cropping the corn as foon as it b^ins^
to ear.
31. Bqtany Bay Flying Squirrel, (Sciurus Petaurus*
Aujlralis.)
This is the largeft and moft elegant of the Flying Squirrels yet'
defcribed. Its moil remSirkable charaderiftic is, the rounded
thuqibs, or great toes of the hind feet, which are furniflied with
a flattened nail : while all the other. toes, five to each foot, have
' fharp hooked claws. In its manners it refembles the preceding
Flying Squirrel.
31. A.— Varying HaRe, (Lepus VariabiUiJ
Pcrfeftly white, except the tips of the ears, which are black;
it inhabits the northern hills of Europe, Afia, and America;*
defcends in troops into the plains .in winter; its limbs are (horter
than, the common hare, and its tail has fewer joints'; in the fummer*
its head is a reddifh grey, ears apd back brown, neck grey broWn,
fides gradually growing paler; it is common on the hills ii\'
Scotland.
32. Pigmy Antelope, Y-/f«/^/<7^tf Py^»i«^, Lin.)
This beautiful and diminutive fpecies of deer is a native of the
hotteft parts of Africa, and is eafily tamed, but of fo tender a na^
ture as not to bear our climate even with the greateft care. The
height of the full grown animal is only nine incheSi yet fo re.
/ mariablo
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SttrfcatileavetKs fo^M^ ot iu a^iVitjr in its native fegidtift, tliat
it will leap a wall of twelVe feet in height, 'the leg^ are Tcarcely
thickier than a large auilh and are Erequently tipped wkit gdd^
9nd ufed as tobacco ftoppers^
. S3. Tho^ RBifiofiZ^oSf (^Riinocelros Unicorms^Liiu)
Next to the J^epbant, the Rhinoceros may be coi>fidWed as ofl(^
^( the moft powertql of animals; in ftrength indeed he H inferioi^
to none, ana his bulk, (fay^ Bontiu^) equals the Elephant, but ii
lower dnly on account of tbeihortnefs of hid^legs. .The length of
the ithinoceros from heed to tart is ufually 18 feet| and the cir*
tiimfei)rence oS iht body nearly equal that length* Ite itofe is
armed with to hard and formidable a horn that die Tiger wiH rzh*
f^CT attack the Elephant, whoie probocis he oan hf hoM of, than
ibe RbinoceFOS, wbicb he cannot face, withoul dantep of haVJn^
Us bowels torn out, by the defenfive weapon ef ms-adverfiuyi
The body and limbxof the Rhinoceros are covered Wi^ a Ikin fo
liard and impenetra^, that he fears iteither- the claws of theTi^er
not the trunk of the E^ihant. It i& {aid to turn the edge oPa
fcimitar and to r^fiff even the force of a tnulket balh The iijppef
Iffi of the Rhinoceros is capable of great extenfton, and i^ (o
^Uable^ that the ammalcan move it from fide to flde» twift it
ipund a flick, ^oUnEt iu (o4^i e^r feize witb it an^ thing it wbu^
carry to its mouth. The Rhinoceros without being ferocious, of
<;ariuvorous, is totally uAtrafk^ble and mde. It leems at times to
. be fubjefi to paro^yfm^ ef fury. The one v^htch the Ki^ng 0^
Portugal fes!t to die Pope, in the year I513i deftroyed- the vdTel
which tranfported it. Like the Hog, the Rhinoceros wallows in
the inire^ is a foIitaYy animal,' and delights to rove near the banks
of rivers*. It is found iii Bengal, Siam, China« and other Coun*
trieisof theEaft,^ where it feeds on the gro&ft herbs, pref^ring tbif*
tles and Ihrubs to the fineft of pafturage. The female prodkices but
ooe at a time, which during ibne firft month, exceeds not the Rze of
a large dog. At the age of two years, the horn is not more than an
ii|clL Longs at fit years old, it is 10 incites lon^; and grows to the
length of 3 feet. From the peculiar conftru6lion of his eyes, the
Rhmoceros can only fee what is immediately before hifT|. When
1^ purfuea any objeft he p4K>Geeds always m a dire£^' tine, over-
t^faing every thing in bis way. His £enfe of fWielliiig is fo atutd
thai his purfuers are obHged to avoid being to windward of him^
Tbcy follow hi|B at a d^ftance, and watch till be lies down 10
fieep. They then approach, and difc^rge tbeie mu&^s into the
Jfiiwcr part of his.lufl)y«
SJRSS.
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^
k . •••.••• Almighty Bein^) «
Caufe and fupport of all things, can I vicW
Thcfc objcfts of ipy won4er ; can! £e«i
, . JTfaeie fine, fenii^tio^s, and noi think, of thee ?
Larg€ Glass Case, marked A.
K^: i. Honey SuckingHuMMiNG BiKDifTr(ichilusMellifuguSf
Lin.)
This minute bird is placed in this ca^fip, ^ a cpijtra/^ tp the jfu-
J)erb Argus Pheafant.
i. A— Smalleft Pigeon, CGolumbcf. A/^tJ
'2* CocoTziN> or Ground Dov*:, fCofumba P^^rina^ J-in.)
;,^ We retain the name Cocotzin given by Fernandez^ becaufe the
bird on vhich it was belloWed feenjs to diSer from all others, and
as it is fmaller than the common turtle, many natiiralills have cal-
led it the littl,e turtle. It is found through all the fouthern parts of
the N^v Worlf, and fomctimes advances to the coaft of Carolina,
ji^hexe i% feeds on berries, efpecially thofe of the pellitoiy.
S. Bronz£-winc£D Pigeon, fColumba Cnalcopierz^ lAn.)
inhabits Norfolk Illand, &c.
4. Crowned Pigeou, (Columba Corom^ta^ Lin.)
The gigantic fize of this fpecies, which is npt far fhort of a
turkey, has caufed fonie natural ills to place it rather among the
callinaceous tribe th^n in the genus Coluniba. Its charafters afe
However fo clearly and decifively marked, as to declare at once its
proper genus. It is undoubtedly one of the mofl: elegant of birds,
|ind h a native of the Molucca Iflands. Its voice refembles that
pf the wood pigeon, but in fo loud and hoarfe a tone, that it is
l^ecprdedTofUbme of Monf. Bougainville's failors, that fyQy wer^
greatly alarmed on hearing it for the firtt time In the unfrequente*^
ipots of fome iflaads on which they landed ; fuppofing it to have
}>ro€eeded from the favage cries ot hoftile and concealed na-
tives. This bird is freqiiently brought to Europe alive, an^
is coaiidered as one of tne greateft ornameats of the menagerie.
The above bird, when living, was many'years in the poffeflion of
,^er prefeot Majefty, \yho prefented it to the Leverian Mufeura.
. '3. Red-i,eggep Partridge, (Tetrao Rufus, Lin.)
This Partridge is -found in moft otthe temperate and mountain-
ous countries of Europe, Afia, and Africa. It is feldom feen in
^gland.
a. Botany Bay Bird of Paradise, (Manura Suptfha.)
Jn the $ch volume of the Linnasan Tranfacljons, this Jiighly
pngular bird is mentioned as a non-defcript, it is found in th^
Wly .parts of the country of iifew South Wale.s, where the inhabiy
JF X tants
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34
tatits call jt the Mountain Pheafant. In rerpefl: to its manners and
food, no particular account has yet been obtained.
7. Argus Pheasant, or Luen, (Phajianus Argus, Lin.)
This fuperb and majeftic bird was firfl defcribed by Edwards,
in the 55th volume 6b the Philofophical Tranfaftions, who fays
•' It is the largeft of the Pheafant Genus yet known, being in fize
^qual to a full grown turkey. The wings and tail are belprinkled
with a multitude of round fpots like eyes; whence it has received
the name of Argus, — The feathers in the middle of the tail are very
long, and projeft much beyond the relt ; its head is covered with
a double creft. It has been doubted; whether this bird had not
originally more than two long tail feathers; this, however, on
examination of the rump, feeras never to have been the cafe.'*
Mr. Pennant defcribes it as having fpurs lik^ the common cock^
but this alfo appears to bean error; for this bird, although a nvale,
and of full growth, has not the ilighteft appearance of them. —
This extraordinary bird, with its wings extended, meafures
eighteen feet in circumference. It is anative of theNorthof ChinaT.
No. 1. King OF the Vultures, (Vultur Papa, Lin.) '
The Vulture is the moft ravenous of the feathered race, fince
he kills prey not from choice, but in general devours only ftich
animals as are dying or found dead and putrid. His fenfe of
fmelling is fo exquifite, that he is able to /cent a dead carcafe at
an amazing diftance. " They are (fays Pennant) greedy and
Voracious to a proverb.; and not tigaid, for they prey in the midfl
of cities, undaunted by mankind." In some of the battles of thd
Eail, where vaft flaughter takes place, of elephants, horfes, and
men, voracious animals crowd to the field from all quarters, of
which Jackals and Vultures are the chief. Even in the places
where the laft are at other times feldom obferved, the^ plain on
thefc occafions, will be found covered with them. Vaft multi*
tudes will be feen in the air defcending from every fide to partake
in the carnage, The/e the Indians believe to be brought by
having an inftinftive prefcntiment of flaughter fo me days before
the event. It is obferved, that Vulturt^^s in general become lefs
numerous as the climate becomes colder; and that in the more
northern countries they arbnever found. They arc undoubtedly
a kind difpenfation of Providence, in the hotter regions, to pre-,
vent the putrid eflluvia of the dead from too n\iich injuring the
health of tjie living.
2. GoLDE't^ ^hGhZyfFalcoChryfaetos^lAn.)
This is one of the largeft birds of the rapacious tribe; it measufeJ
from the point of the bill to the extremity of the tail upwards of three
feet ; its breadth from wing to wing about eight feet; and weighs
Trora 16 to |8!bs. The ftrengthot this noble bird is fuch, that it
can with eafe carry a lamb ; and feveral inftances are recorded^
•f its having carried off children, it is found in various parts of
flurope^
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35
Europe, but abounds mod in the warmer regions : it has beea
known to breed in the mountainous parts of Ireland*; it lays threci
and fometimes four eggs, of which fddom more than two are
prolific, '
2. A. — Female of the Golden Eagle, in the a£l of preying
on a white h^re. •
^. Ring-tailed E.\GLEr ('Falco Fulvus, Lin.)
Is more numerous than the Golden E:igle, and is very deftruc-
tive to deer, and carries off lambs, pigs, and even children. It
1-..MJ- • __ J ^^^ rocks, and is found in mofl parts of
as Hudfon's Bay.
-E, (Falco OJJi/ragus.J
of the Golden Eagle, its food is princi-
by the fea (hore.
'FalcoGrntilis, Lin ) found in Britain, Sec.
ID, (Falco Buteo^ Lin.)
DfTcfTed of llrength and agility, are cow-^
ul» will fly before a Sparrow-hawkj and
Jer themfelves to be beaten, and even
It is a compon fpecies in Great Britain.
/J, Lin.)
fled from the Buzzard by its forked tail.
It is common in England, and continues with us the whole year.
It feeds oa fmall birds, particularly on young chickens.
7. Kestrel, male and female, (Falco Tinnunculus, Lin )
! The Keftrel is' widely diifu fed throughout Europe, and is found
in the more temperate parts ol North America. It is a handfomc
bird, its fight is acute, and its. flight eafy an4 graceful. It breeds
in the holes of trees, rocks, and ruined buildings. It was formerly
pfed in England for catching fmali birds and young partridges.
,8. Hen Harrier, or Blue Hawk, (Falco Cyantus^ Lin.)
The Hen Harrier feeds on birds, lizards, and other reptiles ; it
breeds annually on Cheviot Hills, and on the precipices under
the Roman wall by Craglake, Northumberland.
8. A. — The Merlin, (Falco Acfaloa)
Finely preferved in the a£l of preying on a Leveret.
9. Great Snowy Owl, (Strix NyBea^ Lin.)
Inbabits the northern parts of Europe, Afia, and America ; it
is of the largeft fize, being upwards of two feet long. Th6 head
is fmaller in proportion than any of the Owl tribe; the lees, feet,
and toes, are thickly clothed with loiig downy white feathers;
the bill and claws are black, and very llroiig. It flies about in the .
4ay, and preys on Herons, Hares, Marine Quadrupeds, and Birds.
. 10. Short-eared Owl, (^%trix Brackyolos, Lin.)
This rare and beautiful bird, is fuppofed by Pennant to be a
bird of paffage, as it only vifits us the latter end of the year, and
returns in fpring to the places of its fummer refidence. It is found
chiefly in woody or mountainous countries, and feeds on mice.
F2 . n. WiiiTB
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. 36
li. VVAirt bwL, fStrix Ftainthea, Lin.) d vety cttttimon tird
I&Ehgland^
Lin.) a native^bt Surinam,
Large Glass Case, marked B.
PARROTS, fPfiuacus.)
Of all I'bHifeh tii'dis, tht Parrot is bell knowti in jtbil fcbtotry/
and is moft admired ; nor Without r^fon, as it unities the ^^ateft
beauty with the gVeiiteft docility. Its vbiee morfc ejcaftly l-efein*-
h\t^ tile htuii^ri tliatt that xH aViy bthier bird, and is capable of
numerous modulations, ivhich eveii th^ tones ot man cannoi
reach. The feciKty With Which this bird is taught to foeak, and
the degree of mehiory t&^t ft ]f)foffefles, a^ not i Kttfe ft^iyrifing.
So numerous ^re the ftbriteis refp'efting the Ib'quaciotii facdty of
t!ie Pifi'ot, /thut they \V6uid fill a volumc.-^Parrot^, a^ie tm^
coriihionly 'ii*umeroti^ in the tiro j;)iral chhiate^; The fon^fti firarm
Ivlth thfert, itid the beauty of their pjumige, tbou|^ hdt thelf
natural voice, adds a degree of vivacity to tht IbveKcft of
fcehes. Though the Parrot is commonly domefticati^d in Etirope,
. if Will hdt bi^'ed l^iere OW arccount t>t' the cold. It indeed can fur,
vive our Cold Witttfer; but its fpirits ind appetitt^s are both vifibly
affefled by feVere weather. It thpq becomes torpid apd inaftive,
^nd feettis qxiitecharfged from that buftling bird which it^appears
/ beneiaith '^ more genW flcy. N^Verthelefs, wrth ^toprer attention,
ft will live- 2l ntrtnber t)f years tinder the ^oteftioli of m^. Ifhe
extreme 'ftgs^city and docility of 'this bird forms tlife oiily apology
. that can be made for the time which fs fpent in tearchiri^ it to talk;
At firfl it obftinately refifts all inftntaion, but f^ems to be won hy
perfeverance ; makes a few attempts tb tiiircatfe the -ferft founds ;^
and, Wheti ix irats otick iaiccjuired the articulation of one word difr*
tlnSly', the reft of Vhfe \tftoxi is generally icained tvith great eaf<e;
1 he fagacity and docility, however, which Psrrrots ftew in a do-
meftic ftate, Teems alfo natural to thetp in tlieir refid^eiice among
the woods. THcy 'HVe together in ilocks, ^n^ mutually JiflHl ek^h
other againft theit cineWiics, either by the'ir courage, or their notes
oi' warning. They breed in the hollows of tree^, where they m^ke
their xt^^» Tlie larger kinds lay only two or thrfee eggs ; btit h
is proba1)ie 'tliat the fmaller ones lafy more. The natives art vciy'
afflifluoilis iYi finding out the placets Avlrerethey rreftle, fortbe pur^
jlofe oi* procuring the young; becauTe thofe proviethe moft 'te^dr**
able and lively whjch lare reared in confirteraent. Indeed, '4©
IVidians are rt6i Anxious to poflefs thefe birds fbr th^ tiding
aflbrre, for Tale, or for their beauty, but alfofor¥ood jfmce,thbcrgh.
fonre are ill-tafted, others are very deficate eating, ^ahkuMriy th^-
pairakeet kind. Numerous as tlie fpecres *^, ifldnriddy ts tliey
JMTO
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»e diflfemhrated oVer AfiA, Aftica, aiid Atilerica, ydt ]f ip^^rs»
that they were ttot V^ty pntr9L\\y kupwn to the Oteekl. The
gteen Parrajvcet with a red lifctk was th* firft of thk family im-
pohed ihto Europe : fdr Cynificrk^s, the tonduft^ ^ Adknitid of
%he fleet of AFexander the GreAi, brought them frOtt tht Ifland of
Tapfi^banfe. They werfc indeed fd rt^w and uncdrtrtioti* that Al-if,
totle iti his 8th book of anittiaJs, f(^ins not to h»ive feen theriii
anjl mentions them only from reporti for ht fiys •• there is an Irt*.'
dian bird called PJttace, which is feid to fpe,lik." Tht bieauty of
thefe birds made them however objeds ef luxury aiHohg the Ko-
mans, who lodged them in cages of filver, of fliells, and of ivory;
and th6 price 0? a pairifM oft^ti ekc&^ed that of a flave. To Nu-
merate what Harabt^r df dilHha fpecifc^ of thefe birds have already
bcfeh difcdv^rfed, wmild bfeitfipdffibkk firtefe <Hjt Vfeflfels ffdm New-
Hoilahd krtd thJe Sotttherti Iflands, are daily additig new owes to
this ferfteAfiVfe and b^Autiful genus.
Ho. I. -BANKS! Ait C<Stkk1to<y, fPJttiacUS Sani^.J Infadtbiis
Nti^ MoIUhd, #hfeffe ik was fii^ft dif<:bvfered by Sir j[«. Baifks. '
?. OTAHiEiTAN Bit£ pAkkAKEEt, fL. AriiMHvn Bvffi
vol. 6, pAj^e iT5.)
S. Cw.ttxyUiK^ PARkot, (Pfittii^s Cklidmcui^ Lift.) In^^
fiabfts Niew Catedbiiia.
♦, RE5-iREA«TEi> PAkROt, fPJiUacus Ihtriidt^m, Liti.) IttJ*
habits Ambo/na and NeiV Mdland.
5. Rfeb-aRJEAStED PAkROt, female.
■6. BLOSSoi«fita£AbEb ?A^KAVii.%ti(Pfitmus£i^hMecphidiiti^
Lin.) liihabits Infdia,
7. TAfetiAiS PAkkot, fPfiititctts Taiuenfis.J IlAdrits the
Triefidly Iflands.
8. TA3iiAK Parr-ot, ftrtiate.
S. S^L^MDii) PAkkoT, fpjfttacu's Gii>fik)fitj, Ltth) tnhabita
litw Holland.
-to. Spl^wdio PAkkOT, femifl'ew .
11. Rose-ringed Parrot, (PJittacus AUxandri^ Lin.) In* ,
habits Afia, India, and Africa,
1?. NoNPARiEL Parrot. (Pfitiacus Eidthint.J Ihhabits
Ne^ HoHkiiA.
18. NoNPAliiEt PAkkot, femafe.
M. MtxstsAttrO PAkkoT, \Pfi6tA(^ PimikhermmiS, Lift.)
Inhabits Pondicherry.
15. BlircK-Wii«cfe6 PA^kbt, fPjkiacus Melati0f%efmir, Lin.)
Inhabits 5^a atrf Luzonia.
*^:1j6. Crimson -FRONTED PAkftAkEET, fPfiitacn^Vondnnn^.)
Inhabits New Holkftd. '
ri?. GniN^%fe PAkkot, fPfietacHs Sinenfis, Lin.) IrfiabihAe
Sputhjern Chin^i Amboyna, and New Guinea.
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18. Guinea, or Ethiopian ?AK'RAKttT^( PfittactuPullarius,
Lin.) Inhabits Guinea, Ethiopia, India, and Java. ,
19. Guinea Parrakeet, female.
20. Molucca Lory, {PfiUacus Ruier, Lin,) Inhiabits the
Molucca Iflands, and New Guinea. ,
21. YEULOW-}iEADie.D PAkkot^ fj^fittacus Pertinax.J Found
at New Orleans, very difficult to l^oie ; does not iaiitate the
human voice, but is very noify.
22. The Ground Parrot.
23. and 24. UntoowHr , >
Attached to this Cafe, is one of a fmall fiz^< marked Mifcellanem
0BS Cafe, No. l^ in which are the following articles: —
A. — Two Roman Lachrymatories, or Tear Bottj-es*
The£e veflels are found in the urns wherein are depofited the afliet
of the dead, and were ufed by the Romans to contain the tc^s of
friends' collefted at the funerals of the deceafed,
' B.r-Specimen of tl>e BREAD-FRUiT.-^Hawkefworth relates,
•• that the Bread-Fruit i& found at Otaheite, ih the South Seas^ on
Si tree about the fize of a middling oak, or hotrfe-chefnut ; its leaves
are near a foot in length, of an oblong (hape, refembling in fome
refpefts thofe of the Fig-tree. Its fruit is not unlike the Canta-
loupe melon, both in fize and fliape; it is inclofed in a thin flun,
and has a core a$ large as a' peribn's thumb. It has an infipid
fweetifh tafte, and is lomewhat of the cpnfiflency of new bread,
and is as white as the blanched almond. It divides into p0rts^ is
roafted and baked before it is eaten, and admirably fupplies the
place of bread to a people ignorant of the arts of cultivation,*'
C.*— :RoMAN LAMP.madeofearthenware.foundat Jlerculaneum*
D.— Teeth of the KhhiOATovt./ Lacerta Alligator, Lin.)
E.— A RoMAJji Lock, found at Stamford, in Lincolnfliijre.
F,-^Two curious turnings in Woop, reprefepting Roman Em.,
perors.
G.— Leaf of the Papyrus, on which are written fome Hindoo
characters .
H. — Leg of the Guinea Deer, f Antelope Pygmaa^ Lin»)
often tipped with gold tor a tobacco Hopper.
J. — Beak of the Flamingo, (Phamcopterus Rubef/hin.) •
K. — Piece of Lead, curioufly intermixed with corn, found in
the ruins after the dreadful fire which happened in the year 1802,
at Goree, Liverpool.
L. — An ancient Celtic Sworp, made of brafs, found near
Kavan, in Ireland. Prefented by Leonard M'Nally,Efq. of Dublin.
}A. — Two antique Silver Rings.
N.— Ancient Ivory Comb, curioufly carved.
O. — ^Part of the Tooth of an Elephant, containing an Iron
Ball. .
, f.— Curious ancieut Sanpai., fuppoifed to be Romanj. which,
with
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39
with the thongs that lade it over the inftep, is ingenioufly cut otl£
of one piece of leather. It was found in the year 1788, in How-
ford Nlofs, in Chefliire, about 12 feet below the furface of the
earth.
Q. — Specimen of Chain Armour.
R.— tA curious ancient oval Watch, the mechanifm of which
is kept in motion by a catgut, inftead of a chain. This Watch
is fuppofed to have been oT the earlieft invention.
S. — Singular LiP Ornament, worn by the natives of the
North Wdl coaft of America. Of all the monftrous ways of
disfiguring the human countenance, this feems the moll extraor-
dinary ; it is compofed of a piece of har^ wood three inches long<
by one and a half broad, and is introduced into an orifice of the
fame fize, made by inciiion between the chin and under lip, ia
fuch a manner^ as to give the wearer an appearance of having
two mouths.
T. — A Roman Stylus, or Graphium.
An inftruriient ufed for wiriting on waxen tables. Authors,
while compofing, ufually wrote firft on thefe tables for the con-
venience of making alterations, and when any thing appeared
fiifficiently correft, it was transferred on paper or parchment,
and publiihed. It feems. a perfon could write more quickly on
waxen tables than on paper, where the hand was retarded by dip-
pintr frequently the reed in ink.
U.-»— Specimen of the Hura, or Sand-Box, from Barbadoes.
The tree from whence this fruit is produced grows to a very large
fize, often 40 feet in height, yieldin^^ a (hade of as many feet in
diameter. The fruit is called Sand-box, from the ufe people make
of them for that purpofe.
• v.— Certain inftruments called Celts, of a wedge-like form,
of which feveral have been discovered in various parts of Europe;
and are of the higheft antiquity. Julius Caefar mentions their
having been found in Britain in his time,* where the ufe of them,
was then unknown to the unenlightened inhabitants. Antiqua-
ries have been much divided refpefting their origin and ufe»
Mr. Whitakcr calls them Britifli battle axes, but this is fuppofed
to be erroneous, for a mould anfwering to the fliape of the .Celt'
having been latelv found in Ireland, where the before-mentioned
bra fs (word was difcovered, prefents ftrong proof that thefe dis-
puted antiquities, were once the manufafture of the ancient inha-.
bitants of that ifland, long before England was in a ftate of dvi-*
lization. The one marked V. found in Ireland.
W. — Do. found at Winwick, near Warrington.
X*. — Do. found in the River Ribble, Lancaihire.
Y. — Curious ancient Iron Key.
Z.— Nofeof a fraall Saw tiSH.
THE
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40
tup BIRDS CONTINUED*
No. 13. White-throated Toucan, (Ramphajlos TotoX^xik^
The bill of this curious bird^is of a mpft unconmou fize, being
iiear!^ ae largs as the whole body, which gives the bird suotaewhat
the appeal'ance oi having thruft its bs^ into the cUwt pf a largQ
lobfler ; this extraordinary crdature i$ feven inches and a half !ong<
and fievecria cireumCerence ; it i% exiremely flight, and aH thin as
Jarchnent. This bird, fo formidable in appeajance, is quitei
armlefs and gentie; it feeds principally on pepper, which it
devours v«ry grei^dily, gorging itfeif iii fucb a manner, . that it
voids it s^twit, and inconco&ed ; this, .however^ is no obje£lion
to th^ natiir^s ufing it again. They even prefer it to that which \%
^iccA gather^ £rom the tree \ aUd leem pjerfuaded ^^ the^rcngth
and heat of the, pepper is qualified by the bird, and that all its noxi-^
ous qualities are thus exhaufted. It i$ a native of 3outb America*
Inhabits South America; habits fimilaf to tbeJaft.
16. BufyxvM ft-ooK, (Corvui fugiUgu^f Lin. Var.)
TJus «s 9 variety i^ the conuBon Rook, acid w^ (hot at WaveN
ttiee, by ^qhii Blackburne, £fq. who prefentied it to ikfi Mufeum*
1£. HoooxD Cjlow, (Corpus Comi^, Lin.)
17. The MoTMOT, (Ramphciflos Uamot^^ Lin.)
Iiifaabiu Brazil ; is about the fi^ of a blackbird in the body,
bpt sneaiurcs eighteen inches long, awing to the great length of
the tiro i^iiddle quiiis of the tail, which for two inches near the
tips are \iidli^)Sit webs ; its bill is ilrongly ferr9te<j«
18. American, or Blue Jay, (Corvus CrifiatuSy, Lin.)
Tius Jay is brought froin Carolina and Canada, and in thofe
coi^otries it muft he very common, for many are fent to £urope.
19. BANAidA Bird, (Oriolus Xanthornus^ Lin.)
Tfaefe birds muft be of a very foctable difpofition, fince love^
wiiich jlivides to many other focieties, ieems on the contrary to
unite thdrs ^xiore clofely together. They do not feparate to ac«
€(Mnplr0i the views of nature, in fecrecy, but a great pnanyjpairs
are kQix on the fami^ txtc performing the a£l of incubation. Their
AeAsaceof a cyiindrical form, fufpended from the extremity of
thefhigh branches, and waving freely in the air; fo that the young
are -continually rocking as if in a cradle. — ^This bitd!is xeckonea
very clocile, asid ea&iy fubje£k to dojoeftic fl^avery. It is difper*
fed through the regions of Carolina and Brajsil, .&c.
19. A. — Yellow-winged Oil 10 L,^^Wi?/«j Cayamnfis.)
20. RED-BR£ASTiD Blackjbirp, (Tanogra JacapMylin.)
Is found in South America, and in general two together, in gar-
dens and in the neighbourhood. of bouJOcs. .ILt livies .on fcuits, and
makes a cylindrical neft of fibres and^ leaves, fufpending it from
the branch of a low tree, with the entrance 4iudermoft. ,
SLPAINTltf
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^l. Painted Finch, fEmbcriza Ciris, Lin.)
The beautiful plumage of this biid, Nature xcquires fome time
to form, nor is it compleated before the third year. The ypung
Finches are brown the firft year ; in the fecond, their head is of
a vivid blue, the body greenifti blue, and the wings and tail brown
'edged with greenifli blue. Thefe birds breed m Carolina on the
orange trees^ but do not continue there during the winter.
In this cafe is alfo the neft of the above bird.
22. LoNGwBtLLED Grakle, (Gracula Longirojlra^ Lin.)
Inhabits South America.
23. Virginian Nightingale, or Red Bird, (LoxiaCar^
dinalis^ Lin.)
The warble of this bird is charming, and refembles the fong of
the Nightingale. It can be taught to fing like the Canary Bird,
. It n bold, flrong, and vigorous, but is eahly tamed,
s 24. Pompadour, fAmpdisPompadora, Lin.)
This beautiful bird is migratory ; it appears in Guiana, near the
inhabited fpots, in March and September, when the fruits on
which they {ced are ripe; tliey lodge among trees on the banks oY
rivers, but never retire into the wide forefts.
25. Wrynecks, ( Jynx Torquilla^ Lin.)
Thefe beautiful little birds are natives of this country, arriving
about at the fame time as the Cuckoo, and are frequently feen in
company witli it; hence they have leceived the name of the
Cuckoo's Mate, 'f hey hold themfelves very ereft on the branch
of a tree where they fit ; their bodies are almoft bent backwards,
whilft they writhe their heads and necks by a flow and involuntary
motion, like the contortions of a reptile. -
25. A. — Green Woodpecker, (Picus ViridesJ
- 25. B — Hairy Woodpecker, (Picas Villofas.)
S6, Lesser Spotted Woodpecker, fPicus Minor^ Lin.)
27. Large American KincFisherY-^^^^^^ ^^'^y^^^'^'^'f Lin.)
This fpecies is fixteen inches in length.
: 28. King Fisher, male and female, f Alccdo^ Ifpida^ Lin.)
The Greeks celebrated this bird by the name of Alcyon^ ox^
Halcyon ; the epithet Alcyonian^ was applicable by them to the
four days before and after the winter iblftice, when the fun Ihone
brilliant, the flcy ferene, and tlie fea fmooth and tranquil. It was
then the timorous mariners of antiquity ventured to lofo fight of
^ fiiore, and (hape their courfe on the glaffy main. The King
■ Kfli^r is the moll efteemed of Britifh birds for the b.Mliancy of
ts colours. It neflles on the banks pf rivers^ and brooks, in holes
made by water-rats. GefTner obferves, that it can never be
tamed, and that it is always wild. Its fleih has the odour of
bailard mufk, and is very unpalatable food; us fat is reddifh ; itat,
ftomach roomy and flaccid, as in birds of prey; and like them
too, itdifcharges by the bill the undigeited fragments, fcales, and
bones, rolled into little balls.
G 29. Hoopoe,
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US
29. Hoopoe, (Vpufa ^t>ps, Lm.)
This ^nguljir tufl is commoh in fome parrs of E^pt/and is
frequentijr feen in Gei^many^ but rarely in Great Bmain. I'tie
one ill th'.s ccHeftion was fhdt ift Ycfrkfbire.
^ 30. Wattled Be'e-EaTER, (^Af<rrp^jCah:mrM/tf/tf5.) Inhabits
Botany Bay.
31. LoRiOT, or Golden Oriole, (Oriolus Galbula, Lin.')
The Loriot is oi a roving difpofition, continually^ changing its
Iflbode. They build ^heir'nefts on lofty trees, and form it with
Angular induftry. They feed on caterpillars, worms, infefts, in
Ihort -whatever they can catch; but they are fc^ndeft of cherries,
figs, &c. It is not eafy to be tamed. Thefe birds have fometimcJs
Iprckd from one end of the Continent to the other, without ^uf-
fcritig arty change in their external 'forfti, or their |)lumage* It Js
found in Switrerlatid regularly twice a year.
31. A. — An imdefcribedrpecies of Goose, from NewiHolland,
prefented T)y Dr. Munro, ot Edinburgh.
Siase rkther lefs than the common, general colour light i ft brown,
lighterbrt the neck and wings, talil and tips of the wihgs Mack,
and crown of the head white ; bill Ihorthookcd, fnueh eompreffed
at the fides, black, with a yellow mark above the noftrils, which
are large, round, and 'placid about the middle of the bill ; legs red,
feet black, with very latge joints, claws remarkably ftrong ani
fliarp, bearing a greater refemblarice to thofe of the rapacious
tribe than the aquatic ; on each of Ae greater wing coverts is ^
circular fpot of dark brown.
S l. B .—The Black Sw as, f Anus Atrata) from New Holland,
from whence they arc* frequently brought alive.
32» EiDE^R Duck, fAnaiMoliffhim.hm.)
The Eider Duck is of a fize between the goofe and domeftic
duck, and appears to be one of the graduating links that conneHs
the two 4cinds. That beautiful fubilance known by the name of
Eider Down, is produced from this bird, which it plucks from its
breaft for the purpofe of lining its neft. Prefented by S. Stahi-
forth, Efq. -
S3. SrfELDlt ake, male and female, C^^^^ Tadorna, Lift*)
The Sheldrake is not. common on the Britifc fliores, though
tliey are numerous in the Britiih ifles.
34. ScoTEli, or Bla<5k Diver, (^Anas Nigra, Lin.)
35. Golden-eye Duck, {"Anas Clangula, Lin.)
Thefe btrds do not congregate on the BritiA fhores itt large
flocks, as other birds of this genus do.
35. A. — Lonc-tailed Duck, fAnas Gladalts.J '
36. Velvet Duck, (Anas Fu/ca, Lin.) Inhabits Europe anct
South America-
36. A. — SummeJR Duck of America, ('Anas Sponjk.)
Sn, Garoaky, ^ AnasQiierquedula, Lin.) It is a fcarce bird in
England*
38. Teal,
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43
Thefe beaatiful little Du^cks feld^m exceed II ounces in weight,
pr meafures lih inches. If'hey are common in. England*
38. A.--rfi^RLE^uiN Duck, M/2^i //i/?n^mV
,38. B. — MiANDARiAN. Duck, fAifas Ga(ericidatja.J
'tliis. beautiful and rare tird is a native of China, s^nd Is con*
fidered as the handfome(i of the Duck tribe.
39. Dun Diver, (Mergus Cujtor^ l-in.) "
40. SM.^>Y,,or Whi.te Nun,., lA^rgus Albellus^ Ll^•) It breeds;
in the arflic regions.
'41., PiJFFm, or CouLTERNE^, (Alca ArSlka, Liq.)
It is notea,fy to defcribe the biH of this odd looking animal,
^he coulter ot a plough may fxjrnifli the-beft idea of its ftape : it
IS fliit,^ but very different from, that of a.duck,; its edge is upwards,
very broad at the bafe, but exjding in a, (harp point. When . the
Puffin prepares for building, which is in a few days after its arrivajl
on our coafts, it begins by fci;aping a hole, not far from the fe^
fliQre, and \yhen it has penetrated the earth a little, it throws it-
felf upon its back, and with bill and claws thus burrows inwards,
tin it ha.s dyg a hole in the ground, with feveral windings,* neai;
ten feet deep ; in this fprtifaed place it lays one egg., Though
tjhis bird is very little larger than a pigeon, its egg is about the
fize of that of a l\en's.
42. Razor Bill, (Alca Torda, Lin.1
The Razor Bill breeds i^ fome j^lacts in England,, and in tb^
Hebrides it is nuiyierous, where it inhabits the higheft rocks that
impend over the fe^. While hatching, thefe birds fit clofe togCr
ther in vail numbers, and ih rows one' above another, the male
and female, doing the duty alternately.
43. Fatagonian Penguin,, fApienodytes Paiackonica^ h\n.}
This highly curious bird feems to fofm the connefting link.be*
tween the feathered aqd the fcaly race. It is upwards of three
feet in height; its fin-like legs being placed at the extreme end of
its body, it can ftand in no pofition but quite upright ; in place
of wings, it has two dangling flaps, which when in the water
ferve as fins, but are of no ufe on fliore, as it is totally incapable
of flight ; it feldom comes to land, but for ^he purpofe of depofiting
its eggs, and is then fo eafily taken, that Capt. Cook fays, a man
might kill with a flick in a few hours as many as would load a
lacge boat*
\43. A.— ThQ 1.ITTLE! Hawk, /'Alca AlU.J
^4. FeliCaN, (Pclicanus Onocratolus^ Lin.)
The Pelics^n of Arabia is nearly the fize of a fwan, and is of a
pale rofe or fleOi colour; iti bill is near twenty inches long, and
IS turnifted at the end with a fliarp hook, with which the ancients
l^elieved it pierced its breaft, in order to procure blood for the
$|i/lcMnce dfc its young. To the under mandible is attached a
' Q 8 ftrong
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44
ftFong,bagx)r pouch, which it is capable of dlftending; in fuch a
niahner, as to nold from 12 to lolbs. of fifli.
The birds of this clafs are furnUhed with a web more on each
foot than any other of the feathered tribe. They fwim apd dive
with great agility, and may be tamed and inftrufted fo as to render
an eflential fervice to their pofleflbr, by their facility in fiihing.
45. Shag, (Pe/icanus Graculas^ Lin.)
A common bird on the Ihores ot Great Britain.
43. A. — Four Specimens of the Gannet, orSoLAND Goose,
("Pe/icanus BaJJanus.)
No. 1, is a full grown bird, arrived at its laft plumage, which
It does on the third year. No. 2, a two years old bird with its
black and white plumage. No. 3, about ten days old, covered
with white down. No. 4, as they are excluded from the egg,
without either down or feathers. Thefe birds were taken in
Auguft, 1807, on the 3afs Ifland, at the entrance of the Firth of
Forth, where many thoufands of them breed annually, and witl^
the various kinds of fea fowl thatllkewife refortin vail multitude^
to that ftupendous rock, for the purpofe of rearing their young,
form one of the moft fublime fpeftacles to the eye of an Orni-
thologift that can he well conceived. The Gannet lays but one
^S?» which is a dirty white colour, of a lengthened form, an4
which, during the time of incubation, the female cpvers enti|"ely
>yith her foot,
45. B. — Tufted Shag of the Bass,
Two of thefe birds, both females, were fi^ot by their prefent
Pofleflbr, on the 9th of May, 1807, on the Bafs Ifland, in the
Firth of Forth, where they are believed to breed and remain the
whole year; the general appearance both in fize and colour waj^
nearly fimilar to the common Shag, and the number of tail
feathers the fame; the moll ftriking difi'erence arifes from a fiii-
gular tuft. of 46 narrow and nearly flraight feathers, two inchesi
long. Handing clofe together upright, with a flight bend forward
on the front of the forehead, in fo remarkable a way as at once to
diftingiiilh it from any deftnbed fpecies. The origin of the lower
mandible, and the naked pouch under the thioat, was of a bright
yellow, approaching to orange, with fmall fpots of black; the
jridcs a beautiful grafs green, and it had no bare fpace round the
eyes; the ovaries of both fpecin:ens contained a number of
fmall eggs, and from the account of the perfon who takes the
young Gannets at the Baf*, and who poflefles confider^ble know-
ledge of the birds that vifit it, there can be littie doubt of its being
a new fpecies, and of its rearing its young in the inacceflible pre-
cipices of that Ifland; and it is fomewhat furprifing that it 9[lo\3\^
JiaVe reniained fo long unnoticed in the neighbourhood of ^o
many Naturalills and Ornithologifls as Edinburgh contains; the
flcihVas eaten, and found to be entirely deftitute of that rancid
fniell and tafte that afre6l the generality of the cormorant tribe.
46. Guillemot,
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45 ' ,
40. Guillemot. (Colymbus Triple, Lin,)
47. Black Guillemot, (Colymbus Grylle, Lin.) Inhabits
Greenland and the Orkney ifles.
47. A. — Red-throat6d Diver, (Colymbus'Septentrionalu.}
This rare britifh bird was taken alive at the mouth of the river
Merfey, nearXiverpool, it was wholly incapable of making ufe
of its legs on the land, but on being put into a tub of water, in*
ftantly dived with the greateft velocity when held by the body, it
twitted its nepk in a vpry extraordinary way, and (luck very for-
cibly ^tthe eyes of the perfOn who held it; it refu fed food, and
died on the fecond day after it was taken.
48. Speckled Diver, (Colymbus Stellatus^ Lin.)
49. Crested Grebe, f Colymbus Crijlatus, Lin.)
The largeft ot the Grebes is very common in the fens of Great
Britain ; and is principally remarked for its fcalloped feet, and the
plumage of the brealt, which is a beautiful filvery white, and as
glofly as fatin.
50. Little Grebe or Dobchick, (Colymbus Minutus, Lin.)
The leaft of the Grebe Tribe, and inhabits Europe and Amejrica^
5J. Common TERN,orSEASwALLOw,('«i»Vtfr7?a//i>««</^,Lin.)
. Very common on the Britifli coafts.
52. Spoonbill, (PlataUa Leucorodia, Lin.)
A rare bird in England, though common in the Low Countries
between the Fefro illes and the Cape of Good Hope. The bill
of this bird is different from any other; it is about 8 inches long,
quite flat, and running out at the end, is there about an inch and
^ half wide. It is found in many parts of Europe, particularly in
Holland, where it builds on trees, and feeds on trogs, lizards, &c,
52. A.-^HoRNED Screamer, (Palamedea Cornuta.)
Size of a Turkey, inhabits South America, remarkable for ^
long ereft horn on the forehead, land two fpurs on each wing.
53. H^ron, (Ardea Major^ Lin.)
Thefe birds, in England were formerly ranked as royal game,
and protefted by the laws. Twenty (hillings penalty was levied
on thofe who deftroyed them, or their eggs.
54. DEMOiSELt-K, orNuMiDiAN Ckx^^,( ArdeaVirgo,Uin,)
This beautiful 'bird has received the name of Demoifelle, or
Mifs, on account of its elegant form, its rich garb, and its afFefted
airs. It was famous amongft the ancients, though it was little
known and feen in Greece or Italy.
55. The Royal BiRd, or Crowned African Crane,
(Ardea Pavonina, Lin.)
I^ owes its title of royal, to a fort of crown which decorates its
liead« It inhabits Africa, efpecially Gambia, the Gold Coaft, and
Cape Verd. It is of a gentle and pacific difpofition; its defence-
is its ftarure, and the rapidity with which it runs and flies^ It is
lefs afraid of man than of its other enemies; we are aflured, that
at Cape V^rd ^hefe birds are half domefticated, and that they
come
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come into the court ys^rcls to, eat ^4119. ^ith. the Qujljej foivls
, Tbeir ^yrissJike the FeacQcl^'s. Thj^ Portuggefe in the 15th Cjen-
turyVit is fuppofed, were the firft people th^t, broi^ffht thefe bird*
int,Q^ IjiiUtippjc, at H^ tim^ vHey. difcov^red tlje Qold, Coafi.
35^ ^.-r-A, lai;ge f^j^cije^ ot C.ran^, from Ijlewf Holland, feems
Ul^arly. allied tp Ardiea. Anti^<inc qf Linnaeus.
Le.n^l?., five feet nine injches; breadth of the wing, fix feet three
ipchf.s; general colour, bhUih ^tbv except the quills and chii>^ •
which are b^cfc; top of the head without feather, aft colour z
ihp rejffioi? o^ the eye& and back of the neck covered by a carujx*
culated ikin of a bright vermilion cplour. Prefented by J^t. ^
Munro, jun. whQ received; it from New HoUandf
56. ^iTvi,K't\,^(Ard£a St.ellans.,hW.)
TKe bittern, though a, ity. f^Htary bird, yet whea attacked; by
fbq 9LU^2i4rd, defends itfelf wii^h gre^t cQurag^, It was once hiel^
^ eftim^tion at the tables; of the great.
50. A.— The Little Bittern, Cu4rflfcd5 itfmw/^ J ' ^
^ The body «f thin bird n^ fi,ze fcarc^ly exceeds that of 2cThru|h j
It lw§, Qccanonally been fliot \vk £ngliMad|, but liuled^ k^wn o5 its
lDa»^ers^ oi^ habits^
57. Heron, unknown.
58. The Green l3is„ or C\j'^hz^i(leCourlyXcrd,d.cBrijpm*)
Thj^ above bird wasi Ihot near Liverpool, aad is very rarely
^aken inj Gr^at Bfij^ain. It i$ aboujb t^c nZie of the Curlew, of ^
dark olive brown colour with green re^f-ftions^ The figure of
t^is bird, beaA the peareft refemblz^nce (to ^ny yet difcovered,,) tq>
the Li^^er, ijegrcfent^d as the creft of th^ Liyergpo^ Arms;.
5^. Scarlet Ibis, (^Tantc^lus Ruber ^ t^in.)
Inhabit^ the borders of tbe great lake5 and rivers of South
Amefic^f. The colour of the whole .bird, except the tips of its
wings,, w.bic)i ar.e black, is bright f carl et. \i feeds ob iraall in-
fefis and crabs, and wilt breed in a doipeftic ftate^
60. CuB^LEv\^, fScoUpa^ArquatUy Liq.) with its neft and eggs.
61. ^mu^Kii,!.^ CScalop(^:^Phaapus,hm.)
61. A. — Pygmy CuRLfiW, fSco/ofax Bmmaa.J
Abfout the fize of a Lark, rarely feeu. ia Britain.
62. CoHMON Goi^wix, CScolopax ^"flgocephala, Lin.)
- The common Godwit is efteeined by ejiici^res as a great delicacy,
and feil$ vevy high.
63^. Red Godwit, male and fen>ale,('5cc?/^^«;r;iC^/'/'<?'iW^Ljn4
Not. very cqmmon in Great ^rit^iin, tbqugh numeiCQua abput
the Cafj>ian fea, and in Siberia.
■^, (iA^^n^nj^^ii^(S.coh^a» GJoffys, Lin-) ]
^ott common iaEogland, though frequent in Ruflia, Siberia, $iq^
65. Sporx^D Bj;t)6)aA;iK,-ip3e.aud.f^in2^q,/S,c(?/£?/r^ '](^o/anus^
615. A.— 3N,iHivS,/&,6/i^4^ GAMim^a^J with.tb.eir,n^ft s^nA eggs,
l4k^ iHi?^; lWjinb^rfi^
65. B.— Cafk
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' 6b. B.^-JCaipe S^iPE^ fSto'topiik Xkp€^.) , ,
Thefe thirds 'migrate ffom Oi^at Brfeim iti Mr*hit«r; iti tpAtg;
«s Toon as they arrive, each of the'roafes i(df which thfcrfe are 4
^tkiter mxiahtv thtai fertiales) hwmedtaltffy fixtt u^on a Kpik of
<dry gtkfs in the Jharih, abcmt which te ^tms rdund ahd 1^omiil«
tfntii it is trodden b^re ; to this fpot it appears he wrlhes to iftVftlt.
4fhe letha!e, ami wahs fh 'ex]peftation di ker takitrg jjoffeffion aTtti
becoming an intn&te. As footias a fingfe female arrives, ifnd ii
he^d'to cry, the males are roofed tb war, for they hiftarttty W|^
to %ht with defperatibn i at the Cnd of thfe txatt'le the fetnale fee-
icomes the prize <rf "the vifik)f. At this tihte they are featight iA
^rfcat numbers fcy the Tofwlers, Who fendtjhem with other fen binll
to the markets of the metrdpolis. Thfefe birds ^ cdtottion \k
Denmark anA Sweden during ftrrnmer.
€7. 'Common SAND^iPEk, male imfl female, fTfinffi 9fypS^
kuc^s, Ltn.)
This elipgarit littHe tliti breeds itl tMs cbtintry, Irtrt they 'are t^at
Numerous.
•eS. iDijNX^iN, mafe and fctnalle, flPringa Afphia^XM.)
69. AsH'COLQ^ik^u S^nD'?lVZ9.^{TringaCitureay\siti.)
Pennant fays, Aicfe 1)h-^s appear in vaft floclcs «ti the ftort^ of
Flin£(hire.
69. A.-^^LiTtLE Sandpiper, (Trin^a Pufilh) werghi? atAf
twelve wnhy weights, anA is thfe leaft 6f the tribe.
70. Pu'RR'fe, mfafe and female, fTringa Cvndus, Lin.)
Numerous on fhefliores of Klteat Britain.
71. Cr:ey Plover, (TringU Sgizatarola, Lid.)
71. A. — ScALLop-ro*El3 Sandpiper, j^Tritiga ffyperifWca,)
72. LiTTLfe'SriNt, or Least SaVdvite'k, fTringa 'Pif/iiia^^
Lin.) ^
73. AvosET or ScooPEk, f Recwrviroftra Avofitta^ Lih.;
73. A. — The A^tERiCAM Kvos^T,(IiecurxnroJira A/neritana.f
74. WateJR 'Rail. Ci?a//wiyf^w^^irMJ, 'Lin.; This bird is not
common m Great-Britain.
75. DoTtREis, male and female, /^C)i^rainWAfty/tW/a^, Lin. J
75. *A."— SnctWY Petrill, ( Procdlaria, Nivsa.)
75. B. — Stormy Petrill, fi^r(;n?/A2rm jp^/^^7r3x.)
75. C— Blue ^TR ILL.
76. The Emeu, or Cassowary of New SoutM Wales,
(Struthio Nova HollandtA, White's Journal.)
Is 7 feet high meafuflngH^rom the groand to the upper part oC
the head, and in every refpeft is much lat-ger than the commod
Ciflbwarj' of all authors, and differs fo much therefrom, that it
cannot be rcckcmed otherwife than a new fpecies The colour of
IPs plumage is greatly firtiilar, confilling of a difty brown and grey;
on the belly fomewhat whiter; the rcmarkabieHrufiureof the fea-
thers th 'having two quills with their webs arifing out of one (haft,
u
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is fccn in tliis as well as the common fort. It differs materially in
wanting the horn)^ appendage on the head. The head and beakare
more like thofe of the Oftnch than the* common Caffowary, both
in (hape and fize. Upon the head the feaihe/s Jook like hairs.
The wings are exceeding fliort, which forms a ridiculous contrail
with the Dodyi as they are lefs than the Caffowary 's: they have no
quills in them, being only covered with the fame.fmall feathers 4s
the body. Another Angularity alfo pr^fents itfelf in this fpeciesi
which is in refpeft to its legs: the back part of them are indented
like a faw. The toes are three in number, the middle one long,
the others fliort, with ftrong claws. On examining the vifcera,cit
diflFered from that of every kind of* birds; particularly in having
no gizzard or. fecond ftpmach j and the liver was fo fmjill in pro-
portion to the bird*a bufk, as not to exceed the fize of a Black-
Bird's. The Crop of one killed at Botany Bay by the Governor,
was filled with at leaft 6 or 7lbs. of grafs, flowersj berries, and
feeds. The flefli of this bird (fays Mr. White) is good eating, and
taftes not unlike young tender beef. It is not an uncommon bird
in New Holland^ as it is frequently feei) by the fettlers, both 2|t
Botany Bay and Port Jackfon, but is exceeding fhy, and runs
fafier than a Greyhound.
77. Crested Curassow, /^^r^zjt AUBar^ Lih.) - .
Inhabits Surinam and other warm part^ of South America; itJ
fize is nearly that of a turkey; the feathefs of the head and neck
are black, and white; the whole of the body is a rich mixture of
fine cream- colour and black; the head, is ornamented with an
ereft creft, each feather being bent a little forward, which gives
the bird a very majeftic appearance. It is domeilicated in South
America, and is faid to be excellent food.
78. Golden Pheasa>it, of China, (Phajianus Pi3us, Lin.)
Of the brilliancy with which nature fo often decorates the fea-
thered tribe, the Golden Pheafant is one of the moft ftriking ex-
amples; a bird of \yhich the colours are fo powerfully lucid as to
dazzle in a full light the eyes of the fpeftator, and c^n only be
exceeded by the polifhed lu lire of the hummingbird; even'th^
Peacock hirafelf, with all his ^au,dy plumage, falls fhort in the
comparifon. This fplendid bird is now bred in this country, and
will iland our winters tolerably well.
79. Pencilled Pheasant, of China, (Phajianus Nyilhe-
merus^ Lin.) In this Cafe is alfo an Hybrid bird, partaking of
the common Pheafant and domeftic fowl.
This fpecies, except in its colours, very much refembles the
forhier fpecies. and is foon domefticated.
79. A. — Pair of Common Pheasants, (Phdjianvs Colchicus.)
80. Black Grouse* male and female, (Tcirao Tetrix, Lin.)
1 hey frequent heaths, and woods of birch and poplar, and offen
during winter are found buried under the fnow.
8LA.T-Pair
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8K ^air of Red GroosEj (Tdrao Scoticus.)
81. A. — Pair of White Grouse, or Ptarmigans, (Tetrao
LagopusJ
81. B.— Pair of the Pearled Partridges of China, ^r<r/rtf^
Perlatus.)
82. Q^\5 Kih^ CTetrao Coturnix ^lAn.)
Quails are univerfally diflFufed throughout Europe, Afia, and
Africa; they are birds of paflage, and feen in innumerable flocks
crojiing the Mediterranean fea from Italy to the (hores of Africa
in Autumn, and returning in fpring; frequently alighting in their
paflage on the iflands, which they cover with their numbers.
They are not very numerous in England. The Chinefe are much
addifked to the amufement of fighting Quails, training them up for
the (port, by feeding them very high. In fome parts of Italy they
are, it is faid, alfo trained for the lame purpofe.
83. Black. Sky-La^k, (Alauda Arvenfis^ Lin. Var.) Killed
in Derbyfliire.
84. White Sky -Lark, f Alauda Arvenfis^ Lin# Var.) Shot at
Stamford.
85; Wood-Lark, C Alauda Arborea^ Lin.)
This bird is fomewhat fmaller than the Field-L^k, but re«
fen^les it in its colours. The Wood-Lark is found in woods,
from whence it is named ; it fings during the night, fo as to be mif-
taken for the Nightingale.
86. Red Lark, (Alauda Rubra^ Lin.) Inhabits North Ame-
rica.
87. White Starling, (Sturnus Vulgaris^ Lin. Van)
88. Spotted St hKhmo^ (Sturnus Vulgaris^ Var. Lia.) Shot
near Liverpool.
89. Water Ouzel, (Sturnus Cinclus^ Lin.) with its curious
Deft and eggs. -
90. White Black-]Sird, (Turdus Merula^ Lin. Vsar.) Shot
near Derby.
91. Ring Ouzel, (Turdus Torquatus^ Lin.)
Thefe birds inhabit Europe, Afia, and Africa, and are founc^ to
breed in Wales and the Highlands of Scotland, where they con-
tinue the whole year. They feed on berries and infe&s,
91. A. — Missel Trku^h, (Turdus FJcivorus.J
91. B. — Field Fare, (Turdus Pilaris.)
91. C. — Red Wing, (Turdus lltacus,)
92. African Ouzel, or Thrush, (Turdus Morio^ Lin*) In-
habits Africa*
93. Brazilian Tanager, (Tanagra Brazilian Lin.) Inhabits
South America.
9i, Bell Glafs.containingapair of theBRAziLiAH TANAp£R$t
(Tanagra Brazilia.)
95. Tall Bell Glafs, containing the following fplendid Birds:
Mo; L Black and Bl^e Tanacer, (Tanagra Mexicana.)
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No. 2, TRi-coLOUi^tiJ Tanacer, (Lb Tricohr^ Suflbn.)
No. 3. Paradise Takager, fTanagm Tatao.J No. 4. Pair of
Bee Raters, the fpecies not d^fcribed.
Large Glass Case of Bircis, marked CI
No. 1. King Bird of Paradise, (Faradifia R^rta^ lin.).
This fuperb bird is ufually called the Kiag of the Birds of Pa*
radife; but this appdlatiou is drawn from fabulous accounts*
Ch)fius was infornied by the niariRers» from a trad ixkm which
Jrevailed in the cajft, that each of th« fpecies of the Birds of
aradife had its Fcader, wbofe royal mancfatei were. received with
Aibmlffive obedience 'by a numerous train of.fubjeGs: that his
iftajefty ^Iways flew above the iJock, iffued orders for infpeQiag
^d tafl:ing the fprings, where they^ might drink with fafety/.
It inhabits the iflands of the liidian Ocean, and returns to Kev\r
Guinee^ in tb^ rainy feafon \ feeds on -berrjes, is a foJitary ixird^*
icidi is highly vafued on account of its rarity and beauty of pluoiage*
2. Black-Bird of Paradise, {Paradijca Furcata^ Lia,) \
The 9Iack-Bird of Paradife is very rare. I>r. Turton in his
trzyiftation of the works of LinnaSi>stook bis defcriptioa of this bird
from one rn tiie late Leveriaii^ Mufeum, which he mention^ 9%
being an incomplete fpeciraen, <
S. Greater Bird of Paradise, (ParoMfea AphJa,, Lin.) i
No birds perhaps have more puzded the NatiJrahii, than thofc
which 2tre termed Birds of Paradife. They have been defcribech
as the inhabitants of the air, never rejfting on the earth, aiwl living
on the dews of haaveni. (Dthers^ have aJTected tliat they. live on
infefls ; while fonie have inftfted that they have no legs ; others^
again contend, that they have not only ftrong ;.OflJaige legs, but
thattjicy are birds of £rey. But the faft is, that the inhabitantai
of the Molucca illands perceiving tl;e inclination the Europeans
have to obtain theie birds, and at ilie. fame time taking advantages
of their credulity, originally praftiied many deceits in order to
enhance their value. Error, however, is not of very longrdura-
tion ; and, in the prefent inftance, it was at length difcovered,
that thefe birds had not only legs, but that they were fo difpro-.;
portionably large, that they to^k away a cowDderable /hare of the
elegance of tiie birds, on this account it .is not ireprobable they
were deprived of them by the iflanders. Butfon, in hi* hiftory
of birds, fays, this beautiful bird is not much difiiifcd ; it ia in
general confined to th^t part of Afia which produces the fpiceries,.
and efpecially the illands of /irau^ It is kjiowaalfo.ih the- part
of New Guinea oppohte to thofe iflands ; hut the name which it;
there receives, Burung-Arcu, feems to iodicate its. natal ibi J.
The Bird Q^ Paradife is fuppofed to fubfift.oq the arofnaiic pror\
du^tions ofr thefe. iftands, at leaft: it does i^ox live foldy on dew.
Luimeu^'^fays, itfeedi oa large. buUecflies ; and Bcmtiiis^ that it
fometimes
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fometimes prey«^ tipon* hirAi, In drdinaay 'hwmt i$ ift ^hd vv?)ods,
Mhere }>fet6hirtg ifi the ti^ees^ rbe Iwiiins iiatdi it in flcndfer huts,
whi«lh th€v ditach 16 the bralithes^ and (boot ti with cbe«r arrt>ws
' of feeds. The ancients feein to have been tx»ufiy Un^^uainted
with the Bird of Pjiridife* \Belon pretends, that it ivas the plitfnix
>piiiion is founded on the fabulous quattlies
;, to4), appeared in Arabia aad Kgypi^ whih
IS remained alwajrs attat^hed to the. orieiital
^ere very little known to the anqi«rit6.
!e of the tail feathers of ibis ibird» h<^v6 m^de
( of iefiiajledecoratiua.
'$£rix Faffkhlta, Lan»)
wn Ipecies of the Owl genus. laErtifOpe
i buiids its neft in fir trees ; feeds ^i .ttike,
'TWtf f Viiridisy Lin,)
and inhabits wet tod feqUeilpred fpoC9«
idiificult to tame ; yet they may 4>e do#
u youtigi li i^ a ttativ& ot Caymage ati4
South America. ' .'
6. Golden-winged Woodpecker, fPicus Auratus, Lan.)
Inhabits North AiMrici; migrates to HudfoM's Bay; fbcdi ou
Worhis bfld irtfefta, and im \vaiiL ©f tAiefc on berriee,
- 7i <toLliEN-%Vl«CftD JfV00IXFE<2KER, fem?rf<J.
8. Grenadier. XJausBEAX, (^i-i?4pi^ ^m,Lriri.)
Is a native ot Angola, and other parts of Africa^ tb^ ire Jre*
tjuent^ i'oW ia the ^if^rkets iit iPcvrtugal, for the purpofc of keep-
ing in cages. It received its trivial name from ils solMrs tc*
fembling the uniform worh by fome Pottqgucfe reginrent^. . ^
•9. Stfi E'(^\L ¥iV[<iHy fJnn^iiia ScaegcUa, Lio*; inhabits- Se-
negal and Abyflinia. -
10. Crested Man akin, or Cock of ib^ Kock^ {Pifira Ru^
fmt^, tirt.) .
Though this bird is of an uniform orange colour* it is one of th^
moft beautiful of South Arncnca, They are found in gr^at t>utn»
be^s ort the moutitairt Luca, nearOyapoc^ and on the mouiliain
Coarouaye, near the river Aprouack. They are efteemed for the
fake of tbeif plumage, and are s^y fcarce and dear; becaufethe
favages, either from fupc^rlfition or fear, wiU not venture it)to th«
dark caverns where they lodge.
llv Unknown.
\9>, Red and Black ManaIcin, (Pipra Anreeta, Lin.;
I'hiS is the moft comr&on of all the Manakias» inhabits South
'America.
13. Violaceous Tanager, (Tana^rd Violuce^.J
A hative of South America, and principally found at Cayenne.
14: Crefted Dominican Cardinal, (LoxU CutuileUa, Liu,}
f otiud 9X ihe 3ra£ilsr«lt a great diflaiice kam any habitat ioti..
H2 15. Crefted
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. 15. Creftfd DoMmiCAN Cardinal, female*
16. Summer Red BikD^of Tan ACER, ^7a9iii^r«/{ifirtf,Li«.^
Inhabits the woods of Canada, Mexico, Peru, and Brazil*
17. Female Summer Red Bird.
18. Painted F^nch, (Embcriza Ciruf, Lin.)
The beautiful plumage of this bird, Nature requires fome time
to form, nor is it cbmpleated before the third year. Theyowng
finches are brown the nrft year ; in the fecond, their head is of a
vivid blue, the body greenifh blue, and the wings and tail brown *
edged with greenifli blue. Thefe birds breed in Carolina on the
orange-trees, but do not continue there during the winter*
19. Black Headed Flycatcher> {{Aydcapa Fujia^ Lia«)
Inhabits Carolina.
SO. Black Headed Flycatcher, female.
21. Java Sparrow or Grosbeak, (Loxia Oryzivora, Lin.)
Inhabits China, Java, and Africa; is very defiru^live to Rice
plantations. This bird is of t^u confined in a cage, and with (;ar0.
will weather the rigors of an Europeaa wimert without bciof
feemingly much afie£led by the cold.
2?. JAVA Grosbeak, female.
8S.
94. Tyrant Shrike, f^lanius Tyrannus.hm.)
A very fierce and audacious bird, fixing itfelf on the back of
Eagles and Hawks, making a continual chattering noife. fo ai tO;
force them to take flight, it inhabits America.
25. Unknown.
26. Ruby Crowned Wren, (MptacillaC^knduU^ Lin.)iiH
habits North America;
27. Ruby Crowned Wren, female;
28. Cupreous Cucjlow, (Cuculus Cuprtus^ Hn.) Inhabits
Africa, rare.
9^. Cupreous Cuckow, female.
SO. Crefied King-Fisher, (Alctdo Crijiaid^ Iat\.) Jnhabila
^mboyna and Cayenne*
31. Crefted King-Fisher, female.
39. Senegal King-Fisher, (Alctdo StfufgaUnfis^ Lin.) In-t
habits Senegal and Arabia.
83. Crescent Starling, (Siurnus Ludovid^nus^^ Lin;) In-t
habits North America. ^
34. Pensive Thrush, (Turdus Manillenfis^ LipO Inhabit^
Manilla. ' '
35. Bi-UE Robin, (Motacilia Sialis, Ljn.)
Inhabits Virginia and Carolina, z^ far ?(s («oaifian9, ^nd th^
3ermuda iflands. *
36. Blve Robin, female.
37. Black and Blue CftEEfPEE, rare, (Certftia Cyanea^ Lin.)
The face of this beautiful bird is of a brilliant fea-green ; there
is a bar oa the eyes of velvet hlaq);; (he reft pf w bead, ^e
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Ihroaf , and all tbc under pan of the body, the low^r part of tbt
back, and the fupcrior coverts of the tail, of an ukramarine blue,
-which is the only colour that aj)pears when the feathers-^re regu«
larly difpofed, though each has three colours; according to
Briflbn, brown, green, and blue. It is found in the Brazils,
axid occurs aifo in Guiana and Cayenne*
^j3SL African J acan a YP^rra Africana, Lin.) Inhabits Africa*
39* OniBNTAL Roller, (Coracias Orientalis^ Lin.j Inhabitt
India..
40. New Zealand Bee Eatbr» (Mercps Nova Sedandia.)
An extrenaely rare and fingular fpecies*
41. Black Headed QrbHn Cr£c;per, (CerthiaSpim^ Lin,)
Inhabits America, but uncertain what part.
42. Black Headed Grpen Creeper, female.
43. European Be« Eater, fMerops Apiaflcr, Lin.)
This beautiful bird is- a native of many ot the warmer parts of
Europe, but is rarely feen in the Britifh. dpminions. It is ex<»
tremely common in Greece, and the iflands of the Archipelago ;
and An Qrete is more plentiful* It is in this latter ifland that the
curious mode of bird-catching defcribed by Bellonius, is faid tb
be frequently pra£lifed with fuccefs, viz. a cicada is faftened on
a bent pin, or a &(h hook, and tied to a long Une. The infe6l,
when thrown froni the hand, afcends into the air, and flies with
rapidity; the Merops, ever on the watch for infefts^ feeing the
cicada, fprings at it, and fwallpwing the bait, is thus taken by the
Cretan boys. The Bee.£ater builds in the banks of rivers, and
forms its neft of niofs, , .
44. Red Shouldered Tanagir, fTattagra Dubia, ShawJ
Inhabits Africa.
. .45. CAY£;N>i^ BARBVTor Woodpecker, (Buccq Cayameufis^
Lin.) Inhabits Cayenne and Guiana.
46. Unknown.
.47. Syp^a^ VVaraler, (hioiacilla SuperbaJ Inhabits New
South Wales.
48. Not known. Inhabits New South Wales.
49. p.ED. Bellied Trogon. fTrogfin Curucui, Lin.)
lyives folitary in the thickefts woods of New Spam and Peru.
If, )>uil4s in HqUqw trees, and lays' twice a year three or four
eggs, equal in (ize to thofe of a Pigeon.
^•fiO*-Sfvv:AMe Flycatcher.
51- Grey Poll Warbler.
52. Cim^rous head, or white-eyed. Flycatcher, (Mufcicapm
l^t'eriSi'. J-int) Inhabits durir^g fummer in Carqlina?t*i"are.
5v?. Black Poll Warbler, (MotuciUa Striata^ Lin.) Inha.
bits New York.
^ 54: Gr^een Jacamar, (GalMa Viridis. Lin.)
;' This \>'\vA is found both m Guinea and Brazil; it inhabits the
j^oiefts, and prefers the wet places^ as affording in moil abundance
■ it«
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ii» inkBi (qcA. It fi^ver idn« in rotm/;lMR*ct>iiftMt:1y tefMes ii%
the <iferkeft covert^i. Its flight though rapid is thoiJt; it pft^ches on
ihe midd^ boughs, and remains at reft the whole of the night, ami
>lie greateft part of the day ; it is^always alone, atid ptrpetuaH); tran-
fUti« Piib fays, that its flefii, though hard^ ik eateft-at the Braitils*.
55, Chinefe Bird Nrsts. Thefe nefts arc conftrufte^y bitxfs
ofthe Swallow kind, and appear to be ccMnpdfed 6f the 'fine' fiia^
mems o( oeruia Fea^-Weedii cemented together with a geiatinous
fubftance Collefted from the rock^ and ftonfes on the ica-ihore^.
Tis^y are thiefly found in caverns on the iflands on the ftrait^ of
Sunda, and on an ex ten five range of rock^ and iflands, called^lhe
Paradek) on the toaft of Ct^chiti-Chil^a, Thtft tiafts> Wheti dif.
folved in water, become a thick jelly, which to a chinefe tafte ha«'
a moii delicious flavour^ and communicated, in their opinion, an
agreeable tafte to whatevei* food it is (roqabtned with* They are
therefore highly prtaed by the upper ranks, and their great expenc^
•JLcladei their ufe aniong the poor.
. The Sm^l MifceUanecu^ Cafe Nd« ^/uttat^hed w the above
Large Cafe^ cotntains the following articl^r.
A. — JUarge Tooth of the Crocodil?;.
B.-^African Aprom, or Feukue Flw, made of diflfer^nt
coloured beads. This Apron in fomc pan$'of Afrlctt, conltitutei
die whole of a female -I drefsi
C*-*-Spe4im«tts of SpAU from Labrador^, rett<arkabk fot refleft^
ihgvariwu^prifmatic colours. ^
D. — Chinefe Dotchin or Scales, on the principal of th^
]to«maA Sieel*yafd.
E. — Curious Polished Stcxe,
t\-*aH€ad an<l beak 4)f a M ah Ks Pu f r 1 1^ , (Pr^vellaHa Pvffims^
Lin.)
G —Curious pojifhed Stone, called PlOmb PcdOiKO, *
H*--Chinde Ladies ShoJ:, fame as Cafe, No*. 2,on'iheStaJrs,
J.-— Chinefe Pack of'CARDS.
K. — Lar^e Sg^vLES of a FisH, from Africa.
L. — Beak of the Reu Billed Toucan, (Rninfkafios iry^
thrvtkynchos^ Lin.)
M.— Petrified Serpent Stone, jor Coit^iU AmMoNi^, 'found
in various parts of Great Britain.
N. — Ditto ditto
C— Ditto ditto
P.— Fossi;. Stones, inroreffed withthe leaves of fern, &c.
Q.— -Part of a Ball of Hair, found in the ftomach of a coW.
R.— ,A« laoM fiAi4u> found inclofed in the folid part of an
£iephant's Tooth.
S.— Spun GtAs»> refcmfeling human h^r*
. BIRDS
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55
- BIRDS CONTINUED,
93. MoCKiKG El iiD, (Turdus Polyglfifius^ Lin,)
Witbout any exterA0J^ MriiQioas, (he Mocking Birj pQ^efTet
lacttlties which reader it oiieof the gj^e^eft obji^fls of curiofUy an4
admiration amoQg the , feathered Uribeii« I( i$ about the (nt of «
ibrufli. it& natural notes iice mufical aud folen^ni but it Ijkeviic
poffeffes the fingUlar power of affuraing thp. tones of cv^ry oihcst
noianalt whether quadruped or bird, , Ii i^ems to divert itieif with
alternately alluring or terfifying^othipr birds, 9ml to fport wuhtbmf
bo)^e« and their fears. Sometimes k entice^ ihttfi u^ith the qaJf of'
their inate$, and on their approach terrifies theiB with the fcroams
of the eagle, or fome other bicd of prey. It fr^quew$ the. ha^il^
feiona of maokiad,, and is. ea&ly^ domcftipa^d* . It builds it;» nail in
the fruit trees, near the houfes of the planter&i ^nd ftjktiBg, fovftC^
times moft of the night on the tops oif, their c^imnies, aaucft^ its
own native raelody, and pouirs^ forth the fweeteil 4|>d n^oft v^xiouM
ijtrains. The favage& call it Ccncanffai^lU^ or iQO language^t It «i
found in Carolina, Jamaica, New Spain, &c. . In. Jamaica, il i*
very common in the Ssavannahs, where k^pe^cbefi oa th^ iHgheft
tree to chant its fong. It» fleifi is. eftoefioed excell^n^^ Tb^ Qwt
in ^his. coik^ion was kejpt Wive fo«<Q tii^e by the Proprietor of
this Mufeum. . .
94. Crelled Chatterer,. /Amp^lis Criftata.> Lia») loha^itft
Arberica.
95. Bohemian Chattebee, (AmpeUs Garrulm, Lia.) i
This bird inhabits li^urppc,. Afia and AiQerica, and is oiitcA Csen
in the neighbourhood of Eriinburgh ijif ebru^ry, wher^ it feedjs on
the beiTtes of the mouotain: aib* ivK its, native country it te«ds «q|
grapes. It builds in caverns, and is remarkable for the horny u^
appendages at the tips of^feven pf its fe<^udary quill featberSt.
JW. BLUBRlBBOJM,OliPUllPLB-*REAS'«DCllATTKIifeJBJl, (^Ofc*
pflis Colinga^ Lip. ) * ...
The fine belt oJl blue which is traced on the breaft, h^ procyi^
this^hird the appeljation of Blue llihboni. or Knight of the IioJ>c-
Ghoft. It inhabits Brazil. '■-..■ . /
97. Cross Bit L«, /itfjfta^iimr^ra, Lin.)
Thi« bird is irequently tound in our country. It received itiL
name from the pecuMar io;*(qation of. its biJjL the up|>er atid lower
mandible cu^vi^g in oppoiite direfUons, ana cicofling each other
aft the points; the ufe oi which Ceems to be ibr the purpofe of de«
ta4;hing the £calea 4>C the fir cones, and obtaining the fe^bds lodged
beneath them, which are their principal food; i( raifes.eacJU fcaitf.
with it& lower mandible^ and breaks it with the upper.
98. HAXVViacH^l'Loxia Coccothrau/U:S:^Lin.).,^ , .
Inhabits Europe, and feeds on the kernels of .the almond, waltr.
aut/
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B6
lltit, ind cherry, breaking with the greateft cafe their hard flones
with its bill : it is thus iniuriotis to gardens.
99. Hard Bill, or Gbeax Bullyikch^ fLoxia Enucleator^
Lin.)
: Thefe birds arf found itt all the northern parts of America,
from Canada to the wcftern fide of the Contineqt. They arc fre*
quent in RuiCa ^nd Siberia. Mr. Pennant fays, that he faw them
in the pine forefts^ near Invercauld, Aberdeenfhirei in the raon^
of Auguil.
100. Great Grosbeak, fLoxia Grifea^ Lin.) Buflbnfays
this bird is little known. Inhabits Virginia. .t
101. BLACKGROSBEAK,^l^JfW M^ra, Lin.) Inhabits Mexico.
102. Anqola Grosbeak, (Loxia Angoknjis, Lin.) inhabits
Angola, in Africa.
103. IxDico BuirriNO, (Emieriza Cyanea^ Lin.) Inhabit
Carolina and Mexico;
104f. SisKEw, Aberdevine, (Fringilla Sfinus, Lin.)
The fongof the Silken, though not fo loud as the Canary, is
pleafing and fweetly various; it iniita es the notes of other birds,
even to the chirping of the fparrow. LilwC the Goldfinch, it may
be taught to draw water. They are common in moft parts of
Europe, though they do not breed in England. ,
105. LESSERRBDPOLES,orLiKNB'TS/jFnW27/tf Linaria.Lin.)
Thefe birds are not unfrequent in our ifland, and breed in the
llorthernparts.
106. Tawney Buxtings, C EmbeYiza Mufttlina^ Lip.) From
Carolina.
.107. NiCHTixoALE, (Motacilla Lufcina, Lin.)
This bird fo defervedly efteemed for its fong, is not remarkable
for the variety or richnefs of its plumage. The Nightingale,
though c^mmon in this country, , never vidts the northern parts^of
our ifland, and is feldom feen but in the neighbourhood of London,
and the weflern counties. The following defcription of the varied
fong of this unrivalled bird is taken frpm the ingenious author of
the Hifioire da O^Jtaux ; •• The leader of the vernal chorus begins
with a low and timid voice, and he prepares for the hymn to nature
by effayinghis powers and attuning his organs} by degrees the found
opens and fwells, it burib with loud and vivid flaQies, it flows with
fmooth volubility, it faints and murmurs, it ihakei with rapid and
violent articulations; the foft breathings of love and joy are pocinrd
from its inmoft foUl, and every heart beats unifon, and; melu \vdth
delicious languor. But this continued richnefs might fatiate the
ear: the ftrains are at times relieved by paufes, which beflow d^.
nity and elevation. 1 he mild filpnce of the evening heightens
the general efTcft, and not a rival interrupts the folemn £cene.'^
They begin to build in May.
108. Pitt Wren. *
109. Summer Black Cap.
110. Son
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110. SdfT Tail F«#6ttv (Mtffiuafd M^Hatiutuj
Inhabits New South Wales; frequetiting the mar(by places,
mhirc it lives^ aod hides itCelf in a very dextcr<>tts manner among
the lofig graf^ and ruflies.
111. Crimson GR£ap£Rt fCertkU Sdngmtua.) Inbabiu ijie
Sandwich Iflandt. ,
'<' 1^19. Superb WARBL^k, (hiotacillaSuptrba.) Inhabits New
V South Wales.
113. LoxiA Guttata* Inhabits New South Wales*
■114. VfmnCHAt^.miX^iuia^A^Ui^vidi^CHotaciUaRaktr^
Van,) Inhabits £urope.
115. Grey Wagtail^ (M^iudllt^ Boaruk, Gnei.)
This bird is freducnc in England ; breeds in the nortliem part
of the ifland, and (nifts in winter to the fouth. It feeds on ffies
BoA gnaiSt and freaaeots ftreams in winter in purfuit of them.
116* YsLLOW Wagtail, fAloiadlU.Fiava, lin.)
This bird is feen early in fpring in the meadows and fields; it
haunu the fides of brooks apd fpringa, which nevef freeze with us
idilirtng the winter.
117. White Wagtail. /MeimcilU Alba, Lin. Var.) KiUei
at Haiifax« in Yorkfliire.
118* The Yellow Willow Wren, (Mptadlla Troehilm^
Lin.)
The Yellow Wren arrives in this country early in fpridg* and
^parts in autumn: it frequents the tops ot trees, from whence ii
0ften rifes fingingi its note is foft and fweetly varied. . It alio in^
habits America.
119. Golden Crested Wren, fMoiacitla Regulus^ Lin.)
The Golden Crefted Wren is the leaft df Britilh birds; and
though frequently feen in fome parts of the Lmgdom» in other
fituations is rarely obferved. It is a hardy bird, and inhabits the
thickeft brakes and woods.
130. Blue Backed Manakin, and Nest, fPipra Pareola,
Lin*) • .
In the fame cafe with this beautiful bird» is one of the carious
Hanging Neffs, made by fcTeral fpecies of birds in South A^merica
and the Philippine iQands. On the banana and plaintain trtes of
thofe regions/ are feen the moft various and hoAile afiemt^lage of
trcatures that >can be imagined. The top is inhabited by monkeys
^of fome padii^lar tribe, which drive on all other;; lower down
iint the great trunk, numbers of large fnakes are found, waiting tiii
iMie nntvary juumal comes within their reach; and at the extre^
•muy of th)e branches hang thefe nefts, inhabited by birds df the
moft beautiful plumage* When the time of incubation approaches,
'the birdsifly about in queil of a long fibrous kind of mofs, which
' bears being moulded uHo smy form ; this the little architefl firft
glues, by fome vifcous fubftance gathered in the* forefi, to the
end of a twig, of aftrong leaf) that will bear no more weight thaA
. I themfelves .
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ttemfelves aiid'that of th* neft; whealhey comi!ienCebail<Ed| an
habitation, they w^ork it downwards Kke a long purfe, at the bot-
lohi of which the bird enters through a retort (hafwd paflage, until
it comes to a kind of door, where the apartment is, an which it
"intends rearing its progeny.
121. Bearded Titmice, mdie^nd iermle^ ("Par us Biarmicujt
Lin.) '" • . rj
Thefe birds are found chiefly in the fouthern parts of England*
It is faid that they were firit brought to this' country from Den-
*iark by the Counief& of Albemarle^ and fome of them haying
efcaped, formed. a colony here: but Latham, with great probabi'
lity, fuppofe that they are ours ^i^ ^r?^^«^.
, 122. Long Tailed TitmicEj male, female, young,.and neft,
^-Parus Candains, Lin*)
Inhabits Europe and Siberia; is very deftruftivc to gardens^
forms a neft of an oval (hapr, with a hole near the upper end for
udmiffion.
123. Rice Bird, or Bunting, f^beriza Oryzivora, Lin.) -.
It is almoft incredible what devaftation thefe birds make amc>iig
the rice plantations in Carolina. It is faid» that negroes are con-
tinually employed to range from field to fields often up to their
^ees and waifts in water, from the time the rice b^ins to ear,
until it is cut, to prevent thefe birds from alighting thereon. They
krriv4; in September, while the grain is yet foft and milky ; and
Vbat is very remarkable, amongft the innumerable flights of th&fc
tirds that migrate from remote parts, at firft not a fihgle male is
found, being all females* The males accompanied by tiie females
make a tranfien^ vifit together in the fpring. They are efteemed
tn Carolina a great delicacy. They generally flay three weeks,
and retire when tlie rice begins to harden. . . ♦
''■''■•' • • . . . , •. . *
Zarge Glass Case of Birds ^ marked t>. .^«
No. L ^EvhREASlCEDPA^Kor, ("PJiUacus Hamaioius/j^lnha*
bits New Holland. ...
2, Grr AT ' AiiT, ("Crotophaga Major, hin*)
* Inhabits the warmer pans of Amcricai and builds a very large
Jieft, in whieh tiv€ or fix females lay their eggs twice every y'eari
each taking care of her own brood, and covering them carefully
with'leaves. The bill of this bird is very remarkably, haviugla
very high (harp ridge on the upper, mandible, yhicb mak^es it
almoft oval. This bird is of a blackifii violet colour, the feathers
have green edges. •
3. Lesser Ani, (Crotophaga Ani, Lin.) . ' ." ;
Inhabits South America. It i& gregarious, manyiemales laying
mthe fame neft, each taking care of its own brood. It feeds
upon fruits, feeds, various in feQs, and worms* :The cattle it i*
iaid in thofe parts lie.dqwn, in order, that the bird .may pick from
< - ^ - . ^ , B their
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their*WAS thi itifrft'callei ('Acatay^^dmur, hint) widx:whicft'
they are infeft'ed. i ' i. -, ■ ■ ^
*-4. Whidah Bunting, CEmberiMd Paradifta.lAni) .. *
* • This curious little bird, is ab6ut the ^ize of a Sparrow ; but the
fail is at leaft three times the length of the.bodyi aiidis compofed
of feathers like thofe in the tai) of a domeilic cock.. It is m
native of Africa, wh^re it inouks twice a year; and' has dififerenfc
yliiniage in winter and fUmmer. / : t
r'5. -Small Wax-Bill, Cl^oxia Aftrild, Lin:)*.*' ! ; i •
Infaa})its the Canaries, America, and Africa, It hides itfeU
under me grafs and heAs, and feeds on feeds- ' ' • ' /
• /^. A^aduvaDe FiNCrt, (pringiiia j/aiwrfii/i, Lin.) Inhafiiits
ARa, and is eafilv rained. ' * ;n - / v' »i
7. ULTRAMA^l^k FiNCrt, /Fringiila.'UItram^rim.'hin^)^ h^
Habits Aby{Iinia,tengS'mek>dii3iifiy. ^ T ; ; f-;1
8r Crimson Fronted PAk-woQUET^ f^fta^as €cnctmiusr.^
Inhabits New §puth Wales.* • ■ ■ .<*■ ' . J : -if.: ; .
* * J>.-B^HArT TAiir Bvni'iK<j and Nkst, fEmberizd RigiaiVtn.)
- ItihabitsrA4'Hca, " ^ * ♦.^ .-^
' 10: Yellow Win<;ej) BiJfmtino, f Embhita Vkrj^pkr4i\)t
Inhabits Falkfehd Ifl^nds. , . - '. ^ - ^
H, PlFEHiN^.TotrcAN, fR4mphaftQs Pip^riv$rut, Luv);ln*
liabits Cayenne, and is a! ran! fpecifes. ^^r < ;i
*-l*. BFlue- Creeper, ^C*/M)i« Ctruha^Vm/) Cnhabits; Cayenne 5
makes a neft of dried graft, ' in the fhkpe of a r^ort and open be<
neath, wjjich if fufpends from tlteflender branches of trees. >A
•• fSL- Blur Be'Ll^iei> Fing^, (Fringilla, Utngdleujis^ Lin.)-; In*
habits Aiigo|a». and Bengal. ^ ' ' *
IC Cut Throat SPARROW, or I^ed Thro atkB GrSsbe^k,
f^'Loxid'Jfu^ularis^ i^in.) Inhabits Africa. .„. «
• -lav ^ut^'IVro AT Sparrow, female. . -
' 16. B'ALTiNtbkK Qriolb, (Onolus Bahimarus^ Lin.) .So
called in honotir of Lord Baltimbre. Inhabits- North America.
\ 17. GoiiiiEN GrlsI'ED "WKiHiCAiptdcilla Regulus, Uin,). In^
fiabits^Burope.
J8V Great American Goat-Sucker, (Cc^primulgus Maxinms^
Lin.) ■ • '
ITie Ife'ngth'of this very ftngiilar bird is about ISinches. What
renders it very remarkable is Its mouth, which, wheh open, ex ^,
f^ds bVyondttje eyes, and makes the bird look a$ if its head was
cift in two. — Like (.he Owl, it is leldora fesn in the day time» un*
lefs difturbed* it feeds on infe6ls, which it catches on the wing,
^•}g: ^AfwanXALAO or Brac, (Buceras Africanus, Lin.)
A^en we confider the uncommon expanfion and cumbrous
Overgrowth which fwells and deforms the bill of this bird, we are
ftruck with the incongruity and difcordance of its ftru£lure»
Though large it is weak and ill compafted, and fo far from being
ufeful, it prove$ burthcnfome : it is like a lorig lever Where tho
IS forco
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«0
fbfce it applM near iktjfift^mm^ and coar«iuemly tht extremhir
a£ls feebly ; itt fubftance is fo tender, that it {bivers by the leaft
attrition, and thcfe iccidtntal ^^racKs have been raifiaken by Na^
toralifts for a regular and natural indenting. Tbefe produce a re<»
tuarkablp effeft on the bill of the Rhinoceros Carlao ; for tb#
mandibles meet only at the jpointf and the reft reoiains wide-open,
as if they were hot formed tor ^ach other. The interval is wori^
and broken in fuch a manner, that this part would feem intended
to be ufed only at irft, and afterwards neglected* . The abovt
Calao inhabits Africa.
20. Red WiNOtD Oaiot*, (Oriqhs PAmaiceu^, Lin.)
Inhabits in vaft fiocka from New Yprk a* far as New Spain, and
is very deflru£livf to rice plantations. It d^Y^^i"* ^i^h avidity
ite fwarms of iniSpBs and MPorms thai infeft t^ low grounds, Ii
builds a penfUe neft among the reeds, far beyond the rea^h of iImp
foods, in vrfaich it lays cAp of a while colour.
21. The ToURACO, (Cuculus Pcrfa^ Lin.)
<Tlis hii'd if one of the majt beautiful of the African fpecies }
tor befides that its plumage is brilliant, and its eyes (jparkle widi
ir^ ijt )^|8 a fcMTt ol crown and ere ft on the head» which confers on
it an air of diftin£kion. 'When hungry, it utters ii Tcry loud fcreamt
<Sci, CSsu Ca^ C4f C^f C?, €0^ tho firl note$ low. the others higher,
fapid, ^nd noify, with a ihrill and (saHh voice. In si dome^icatecl
$itrf it difcovert a fondneis for amies and onmgeat $dwardii
fays, that this bird is indigenous to Quinesu
22. Ai^SRiCAN Lari^> (Ahu4a.)
29. pOAT S^UCKRE, or NiOHT Jar, (Caprimulftis Europems.
LinO
The Goat Sucker is io^irA in every pan of tlie Old Continent,
from Siberia to Greece, Africa, ^nd India. It knives in Great
Britain ^boutthe latter eud of May, and departs fom^ time the
latter end of Augoft; it is no where numerous, and never appears
in ^pckti. They feed upon infers, and fly with their moutjhs
op^P, making a fori of bp^zing noiie like a fpinning^wheeU
The name of Qoat ^upker was given to this genus, from a foolifli
idea thi^ thev fucked the teats of Goats or Sheep ^ a circumfiance
fo improbable as fcarce worth mentioning, b^opoli, howevert
one 0f the moft celebrat^ ^d af:curate of Naturaliftft, feems to
have given credit to it.
2^« S^^H WiNGEP P1.QVIR, (Charadriu^ SpinB/Ht^Xin,\ixi%
WaU ?gypt> E.uropQ, Vi4 Afi^t v ; n
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64
JMPHIMIOUS ANIMALS,
m . «» Were ev'ry fault'ring tonfoc of pian»
• r «• Almighty Father! filent in thy praife,
^' •* Thy worka thomicl^et womlil raifc a gtiMhil irok^ |
t ' . : . *> Cvta ia th0.4f|icli of foliUfy woods,
** By humaa foot untrod, procUlm Thy Power/'
V- \ . REPTILES,
TESTVDO^TORTOISE.
1, Common "f oktoujk, fTeJludo Grmca^ tin.}
. This animal is confidered as the moft common of the European
(|iecies, aai is i| native of ^moit all th< countries bordering on the
Mediterranean fea. This animal liTes io a moft extraordinary age*
lAftances being adduced of its having confiderably exceeded tbt
period of a century.
%. GsoM&TRICi^l, ToRtOHE, fTefiudo Gtometrica, Lin.)
From its ftrong and MrelUqontrafted colours and regutavity of
pattern, the prefent fpecies is more readily diftinguiifaable at firft
view than moft others of this perplexing tribe. The native coun*
.try of this beautiful tortoife is perhaps not truly known; though
the (hell is mpre frequently feen in £urope than that of any other
kind»
S. Radiatco Tortoise, (Tijude RaiUia, Lin.)
from a j^eneral r^femblance in the pattern of the flielU and a
* iimilmty in colours, it appears that this animal has been con*
fidered eithec as the fame Ipecies, or at moft a variety ot the above
tortoife. It is impoflible, however, to view them without allow*.
ing them to be perfeSly diftin£l. The native country of ihi%
fpecies is faid by Grew, to be Madagafcar.
4. Close Tortoise, (^T^Wi?Uij«/a, Lin.)
* * The Clofe Tortoife obuins its name from the unufiial manner
in which the under part of the (hell is applied to the upper, being
-naoiHinued ia fufh a manner round the margin, that when the ani.»
nal withdraws iu head and iegs» it is enabled accurately to dofe
1^1 paru of the fliell entirely tojgetber, lo as to be in a complete
r^^Aat^of> fippti^ritv; and fo ftrong is the defence (fays Shaw in hit
^^Obbgy,) of this little ^nimat, that it if not only uninjured by
having a wei^t of 5 to OOOlbs. laid upon it, but can walk in itt
^fual manner beneath the load; It is a native of many parts of
North America, being chiefly found in marfliy places. It is prin*
^jf^\f ioKghl fo( M a^^oiun of itt eggi, u feeds on beetles^
nucei
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6^
mice, and even ferpents, which it feizei by the middle, and 6nwi
into its fliell, and thus cruOies them to death.
5. Concentric Tortoise, ^7g/?W^ C^»f^«/nVa, Lin.)
This fpecies is^ a naiive, of Npnh Atn^mcft* and is fold in thm
market oi Philadelphia and (slfewherei by the name of Terrapin^
)t is an inhabitant ol waters, and is faid to be $^ \yhoJiefom^ and even
delicate food. It is alfo foqnd in Jamaica. ^^ ^
6. SiiA.KETq^TQi$^^^('Te/ludQSerp€,nnnafhm.) »
This fpecies, firft defcribed by LinnaeuB^ appears ta h^vc bceit
obfcurfly l^nown. It ils a native of North America,' where it in**
habit$ ftagnant waters, growing to the weight of 15 or 201bs. and
preying on fifh, ducklings, ^c* Whafever it feizes in its moutb.
It holds with great force, and will'fuffer itfilf to be raifed up by a
iiick rather than quit its hold- Thia^.WUial conceals itlelf in
muddy waters, in fuch a manner as to Jea>ye cfnt only a part of its
back, like a ftone or other inanimate object, by which means it the
more eafjly obtainfc its pfey. In New York i{ is calted-*4he Snip^
ping Tortoife. '
It was H^pt alive intbe Mufeum upwards of eight months,- du^'
ring which time it never taited food. It poffeflcd a moft amazing
ilrength, carrying 3001bs.' without any apparent inconvenienced
Its difpofiiion was exceffively fierce. »
7. Ga'leatepTortoi8e, ^2>^/i?fti/^^tf, Lib,) Thcnsittve
place of this Tortoife is iftiknownf * -
' 8. LoGQERHEJ^D TvKTVKf CTe/lii(hCarfttai hin.) ' >-'
This Turtle exceeds in fiie every other known fpecies* It in/
habits the fame feas with the Green Turtle, bu* is alfo digufed in-
tt> very remote latitudes? , . being often found t6 the Mediterranean,
and about the coafts of Italy and Sicily, In a commercial view,
it is of little value ; the flefli being coa'rft and rank, and the piales
of the Ihell too thin to be of ufe. It is ^ ftrpng, fterc^, and eveq
dangerous animal, * ' - '^
9. Tortoise, unknown. . - :*J
10. Tortoise, ditto. - ' '
SERPENTES^SERPENTS. ^ j
No. 1. Great Boa, ('Boa Confiridor^ LinA
By thofe who are unacquainted with the wonders of natOre, the
deftripticns given by Natural iih of fomie of the more* Itiiking and*'
fmgular animals arc received with a degree of fcepti-cifm, dt'^Vei*'"
rejected, as exceeding the boiinds of credibility. Amongft thefe
animals may be numbered the prodigious lerpents which 4irefom^^
times found in India, Africa, and America; Serpents of fa gi^t
a lize as to be iable to gorge even fome of the larger, quadrapddsg >
and of fo enormous a length aJ to meafure upwards of thirty feet.
There is realon to believe, that thefe immenie Serpents are become
lefs common thfin they w^^r^ ibme centuries ^pk^aiid that i|i'prp«
portion
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)N9istttiAas«^«ttkHratidn and population have iMfeafedy the hfget
fpecies of noxious animaU have been expel led. fron> the haunts
Qf.mankind. They are, however, occafionally feen, and fome«
UfBe$> approach the plantations neareft to their refidence. It is
bappf tor mankind that thefe Serpents are not po^fonous ; they are
therefore to be dreaded only on account of their fize and ftrength,
which latter is fo great as to enable thena to kill cattle, deer, and
other ammalst by writhing themfelves round them fo as to crufh
ihem (o-deitth by mere preflur^^ ; after which they fwallow them in
a'Very gradual mgnner» and when thus gorged with their prey,
. grow, almoft torpid with repl^ipn ; and it dii<:overed in tins ftate^
may without difficulty be difpatched. Thefe enormous Serpents
are natives d'Afri^^ India, tlie Indianlflands^ and South America,
where they inhabit marJhy andnvoody places. There are feveral
fpecieajdf tl^e 9ba in this cone6tion4 one. of which is cohfidered
by Naturalifts, in refpeft to beauty of colour, fizc, or prefervation^
tabedirfineil fpecimen ever brought into .the country; it mea-
r«ires thiity-two feet in tength, and two feet fix inches in circum.
fereoce, aadis preferved in the a£l of deftroying a Deer, which it
represented crulhed, and expiring in the enormous folds of its
mercilefsvenemy. t
: g, Striped. Rattle Snake, fCrotalus Durijfus^ Lin.)
. The Rattle Snak^ is' the moft poifonous of reptiles, that inhabits
America, The moft conrpicuous diftinfiion this animal hear*
from all other of its fpecies, is the rattle, which makes fo Joucl a
Roile whtie.the creatUre is in motion, that its approach may- be
kawi^nf land danger avoided. Many Naturalifts are of opini6n«
that the Snake acquires an additional bone to the rattle every year;
irotn'the mimber of which bones, the precife age of the Snake
may be known. Catefi>y» in his Hiftory of Carolina, fays, •* the
battle Snake is the mot ina£Uve and fluggilh of animals,, and is
never th^JeLggreflbri except in what he preys upon; for unlefs he
is difturbed, he never bites^ and when provoked he gives warninj?
by fliaking his rattles', fo ,that a perfon has time to eTcape." It '\^
ffttd thill' this Sf»ake has the power of charming or fafcinating fmall
animals within its reach, which it devours* Squirrels and birds
ace us prizitipal pi-ey, mkI no fooner do they fpy the Shak^, tlian
they {kip. froitf Iwugh 40. bough, and approach by degrees nearer
to the enemy, regard lefs of any danger, until they enter the cx-
tea^^d j[4Wft that are open, to* ieal their ruin. ' Bartram oblerves,
tliat fome Indian Nations never kill the Rattle Snake, or tfny Dthdt
of the fpeciesi alledgiiig^* as their motive, that it would influence
its JivitJgr 'kindred to re\*enge the injury or violence done to it
when alive.; The flefh of th^ Rattle onake is faid to be much reX
Ji(hed» <tvc;ii by Europeaili. ' .:
3. B(-)A, unknowns , . . » .
4. RogJi.S^iAHt>^(;£'^M^^r.i from the Eaft Indies. . .
.5. Spectacle Snake, orCoBRA de Capello,^ Ci^/«irr Naja^
Lin.} The.
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The Coliit>er Maja* or Cobn de Capelto, i« c nattw of fndMi
^here it appears to be one of the moft common^ as well at the
moft noxious of the ferpenc tribe; very frequently proving fatal
in the fpace of a few minutes, to thofe who unfortunately experi^
cnce its bite. In India it is exhibited as a ftow^ and is of oourfe
more uniVerfaliy known in that country than allnoft any other of
the race of reptiles. It is carried about in a covered ba&et« mni
managed by its proprietors in fuch atnanner« as to aflame a danc* ^
ing motion at the found of a inufical inftrument. The Iiidtaa
ju(^^ers» who thus exhibit the animali deprive it of its fangs, by
which they are fecured from its bit€*
Large GlasB Case^ tfutcrfbed Serpetos.
No. !• Pintado SNAKXiY^^^^^^^^'^^f'^t 1^0 'I^'S^ke
is a native of Ceylon.
9. Copp&R Bellied Snake« /"C^/tt^^ Efytir^gqftifi Shmw.)
The Copper bellied Snake is a native of North America* ThejT
frequent the water, and very probably feed on fiflii but birds and
fuch other animals asnhey are able to overcomct they alfo devour |
for frequently entering the pent houfes of poukryi tkey fuck the
eggs, and devour the iowls: they are bold^ nimble, and'aAivct but
are' generally reputed not venomous, being without the poiiboous
fengs.
3. The Asp, fOduher Affis.)
4. Swediih VipSR, (Coluber Ckerfea.) U a native of Sweden*
tfd fcarcely a fpan in leii^h, but is a highly venomous reptiicv
ft. Caspian Snake, /u/tiAerC^W, Lin.)
This Snake is faid to be found on the fliores of the Cafman Sea^
in low grounds and bufliy places ; when difturbed, it firll endea«
vours to efcape, but if purfued, fprings forwards on iu affailant
trith ffreat fury, though incapable of (bing any injury by its bke«
6. unknown*
7. Lache$I8 Snake, fCfiluher Lach^^ Shaw*)
This Snake is a poifonous fpccies, being armed with large fangt^
and, from iu general appearance, feems to be an animal of con<»
fidmble ftrength. It is a native of Ceylon, where it ia known by
the name of Biien. This Snake was uftkiiowA to Linnasua«
8* Unknown*
ft. Crimson Sided Snake, fCoinkr Porpkyriacus.J From
Bouny Bay.
10. Wampum Snake, fCalubit Fajcuuus, Liii.f '
This is one of the^handfomeft of the North American Snakei*
It receivedits commonnamefit)m its colours, which refentbtetbofc
of the firings of Indian Money called Wampum. It ia a nativo
of Carolina and Virginia, and is an innocent animal.
11. Coach Whip Snake, (Olukt tUgtUum^ Lin.)
.Is
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- Iji a tiativ^ of Noith America^ and not uncommon in Carolina
and Virginia.
13. Garden Boa, (Boa Hortulanaf Lin.) Tl^is elegant ^er«>
pent is a native of Souih America.
IS. Common Snake, (Coluber Natri:^^ \An.) Common in
England, but is aaharmlefs animal.
^ri:i4j £:<JmmON Vipe*, (Coluber Berus^ Lin*)
- 'Th^ Viper, ^Uch appears tob^ pretty generally diffuC^d over
^lie whf>Ite aotnem contioent, is by nomean^ uncofnmpn in our owii
iflanc^ ''"Its bite has beeil confidered the npic^A venon^ous of fer.
pents.' -Yet inflances, in Qux ifland at l^ft^ feem tp be faf lefii
frequent than- generally fuppoied; and though tbe biteof tys ani-
mal produces painfiu] .add troub}efofne fweliiag, yet it is rarely o|
any other Iptad confciqufinc^e; it is the only ppilonous reptile found
in this conndfty.. :...*.
15. Colnber jUrQpgs. ,.
' I€. The MouRj£i>i Q Sj(AKE, ( Coluber Pullqtus J A moft be^u-
tiful fpecies, about fix feet long. ;
17. Grass Gre$n Si^akE, (Coluber Qramineus.) ^ hig^^ly
dangjerous animal. "Chickens bit by it expire in eight minutes,
18. Canine Boa, (Boa Canina.) Inhabits South America.
' 19. Royal Boa, (Boa Regia^J Inhabits Africa.
20. Redis Vii»e^% (Coluber Redi,)
21. B\JLL Headed ^najk.e, (Coluber Bucephalus.)
22. Surinam Sii ake,' (Coluber Surinameniis.)
gS. ChzhcoxShaihe, (Coluber CAencoa. J
24. Magpie Snake:, (Coluber Doliatus,)
^5, LotiG SUoUTto^tJAKE, (Coluber My&frizans.J
26. Summer Snake, (Coluber y£/livus,J
27. LEOFAKDiuAK%,oi SthtLy (Serffirui Tigrina.J
-28; Painted Slow Worm^ (Anguis Scytde,)
Mj9. The White Amphisb-^na, or Two Headed S-kak:e,
{Amphijbdtjm Albo.)
SO, Hydrus unknown.
-31." An undefcribed fpecies of CiECiLiA.
'32. Bull Frog, (Rana Catejbdna,) Grows to thejiength of
eighteen inches ; its voice refembles the lowing of Cattle,
33. PiPA, or Surinam Toad, (Rana Pipa.J
aOi
'^^ Large Glass Case, inscribed Lizards.
No. 1. Common Guana, (Lacerta Iguana^ Lin.)
^-^hou^Whe Li^^rd tribe affords numerous examples of ilrange
SndpecuHai* fbrms, yet few fpecies are perhaps more eminent iii
fliis t^fpeS? thiin tl^e Guana, which groVs to a very confiderable
fize, and is often feen the length of from three to five feet. It
is, a native of miany parts of America and the Weft India Iflands,
where it inhabits rocky an4 woody places^ ^d fe^s oninfefls and
K vcgeubles^
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66
v^ctables. It is reckoned excellent , food, being extremely
nourifliing and delicate; but obferved to difagree wit^ fonue con-
ftitutions. The common tnanner of catching it is by cafting a
noofe over its head, and thus drawing it from its fituation; for
It feldom makes an effort to efcape, but ftands booking inttntly at
its difcoverer, inflating its throat at the fame time in an ex-
traordinary manner. Guanas are fometimes fahed and barrelled
up for tife in Jamaica, and other Weft India Iflands, in confidera-
ble quantities. The Guana may eafily be tamed ^fiiile yowng,
and m that ftate is both an innocent and beautiful creature. Th^
larger one in this cafe lived fome time in the ftove of the Liver*
pool Botanic Garden, but it never was obferved to take food; l€
was eafily irritated, at which time it puffed up the pouch under its
throat in an extraordinary manner ; and, on the near approach of
dogs, which it feemed to have an averSon to, it fuddeftfy ilruck
them forcibly with its tail, but it was never known to bite,
= 9. MuRiCATED, or Rough Lizard, (Lacerta Muricaia.J
Prom Botany Bay, New South Wales;
" 3. Green Lizard, f'Lacerta Jgilis^ hin.)
This fpecies is found in all parts of Europe, frequenting gardens,
warm walls, buildings, &c. and is an adive animal, purAiihg with
celelrity its infeft prey. If taken, it foon becomes familiar, and
may even be tamed to a certain degree; for which reafon it is
confidered as a favourite animal in many parts of Europe*
4. Unknown,
5. Ditto.
6. Ditto. *
7. AuEiVA LizAKD.Y^acer^a Jnmva. Lim) Inhabits South
America, Afia, and Africa.
8. Monitory Lizard, (Lacerta Monitor, Lin.)
The Monitory Lizard is one of the moft beautiful of the whole
tribe, and is alfo one of the largeft, fometimes meafuring not lefs
than four or five feet from the hofe to the tip of the tail, This
elegant animal is found with little variation in South Aiherica,
New Holland, and Africa, where it frequents woody and watery
places ; and if credit may be given to the reports of fome authors,
is of a difpofition as gentle as its appearance is beatuiful. It has
gained the name of Monitor, from its fuppofed attachment to the
human race, and it has been faid that it warns mankina of the ap.
proach of the Alligator, by a loud and flirill whittle.
9. GeckottI:, f Lacerta Dubia^ Lin.)
This fpecies is found in France, where it is called Tarente. It
inhabits ruins, walls, houfes,v&c. delighting much'in the fun fhiqe.
It is an innocent animal. , i
10. Azure Lizard, (Lacerta Azurea^ Lin.) Inhabits South
America and Africa.
11. Smooth Crested Lizard, (Lacerta Principalis^ Lin.)
A native of South America.
.12. Strumous
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12. Strumous^izard, (Lacerta Strumofa^ Lin.) Inhabits
South Araerida.
13* In this Cafe are alfo two Great ScoLOP£NORi£, or
Centpides, (Scoloptndra Morfitans^ Lin.)
There is fomething uncommonly formidable i/i the appearance
of thefe infers. They are found both in the Eaft and Weft In-
di^, as well as in the different parts of Africa. Thefe Scolo*
pendrae are of a poifonous nature, and are furniQied with forceps*
throi^ ^hich the infefts injeflai poifonous juice when they bite,
. They inhabit the woodjs, where they are preyed upon by different
ip^ies of fnakes ; but» like the Luropean ones, they foraetimes
are found it\ houfes, and are faid to be fo con^mon in particular
diftrifis, that the inhabitants are obliged to have the feet of their
beds placed in vefTeJs of water, to prevent their being annoyed
during the night by thefe horrible reptiles.
14. Double Tailed Green Lizard, (Lacerta Agilis^
Var. Lin.) This Lizard is fuppofed to be a variety of the coni*
mon Green Lizard.
15. The Flying Dragon, (Draco VolansJ
This very extraordinary fpecies of Lizard is a native of Aiia
and Africa. " The very name," fays Dr. Shaw, *• conveys to
** the mafs of mankind the idea of fomc formidable monfter, and
'' recals to the imagination the wild fiflions of romance and
" poetry, but the animal diftinguifhed by that title in modern
^' Natural Hiftory, is a fmall and harmlefs Lizard." It is about ten
inches long, and furnifhed with large expanfibre wing like mem.
brane, which enable it to fpringto a coufiderable diftance in quefl
6i its prey ; it has a pouch under the throat of a Angular appear-
ance, and is altogether different from every other creature.
J6. Galzotjl Lizard, (Lacerta Calote.J /
17. A^zu RE Liz AVLD, (Lacerta Azurea. J
18. Orbicular Lizard, (Lacerta Orbicularis.) ,
19. Cordyle Lizard, (Lacerta Cordylus.)
20. Dragon hiz KVlI}, (Lacerta Dracana.) Is a native of
South America, and meafures two feet four inches in length ; it
is a harmlefs animal, and much efteemed a^ an article of food,
though to perfons unaccuftomed to fee it, it prefents a formidable
appearance.
The following Lizards arc in feparate Cafes, difperfcJ in the
different rooms :—
No. 1. Common CnAMiELEON, (Lacerta Chamceleon. Lin.)
Few animals have been more celebrated by Natural Hiftorians
than the Chamaileon, which has been fometiines faid to polTefs the
power ol changing its colour at pleafure, and of affimulating it to
that of any particular objeft or fituation. This, however, muft
be received with great limitations ; the change of colours which
this animal exhibits varying in degree, according to circumftances
K2 erf
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of b«ilth, tcmJjeratiMre of the wcatheri and inJiny other Catlfes, and
confiftins chiefly in a fort of aheration of (hades, from^ the natu-
Hil greemfli or bluifli grey of the (kiniftto pale yellowifli, with
irregular fjpots or patches of dull red. The Chamaeleonvis a
creature of a harmlfefs nature, and fiipports itfelf by feeding on
infe£ls ; for which purpofe the ftrufiure of the tongue, is finely
adapted, confifting of a long miflSIe body, Turn iflied with a dilated
and foiticwhat tubular tip, by means of which the animal feizes-
infe£ls with great eafe, darting out its tongue in the manner of a
woodpecker, and retracing it inftantaneoufly with the prey fe-
cured on its tip. It can alu) fupport a long abilinence, and hence
arofe the idea of its being nouriffied by air alone. It is found ia
many parts of the worlds and particularly in India and Africa, and
^Ifo in Spain and Portugal. One that was kept alive in Liver-
pool, was regular!}^ fed with fugar and bread, and appeared to
nave ^n affe£lioB foV the pei^fon who had the care of it. Its change
of form was as remarkable as that of colour.
2. GALhi'WAS?^ ftdcerta Occidua, Sh^w,)
The Galliwafp is a native of the American Iflands, and feems
to be particularly common in Jamaica, where it is faid to frequent
woody and marOiy diftrifls. The Galliwafp, (according ta
Brown, in his Natural Hiftory of Jamaica,) is reckoned the moft
venomous reptile in that ifland, and it is faid that no creature caa
recover from its bite; but this he very properly confiders as
merely a^ popular error. This animal is not noticed by Linnaeus,
3. Lace LsizAKD^ ('Laceria. J From Botany Bay.
4. Alligator, (Lacerta Alligator^ Lin.)
This animal bears fo near a refemblance to the Crocodile, that
many Naturalifls have confidered it as a mere variety, rather tbaa
a diftinft fpecies. Catefby fays, the largeft and greateft number
of Alligators inhabit the torrid zon^. They frequent not only
fait rivers near the fea, but ftreams of frefli water in the upper parts
of the country, where they lie lurking among reeds to furprife
cattle ahd other animals. In Jamaica, and many other parts of the
Continent, they are found about twenty feet in length. They
cannot be more terrible in their afpe6l than they are formidable
and mifchievous in their natures, Iparing neither man nor beaft
they can furprife, pulling them doWn underwater to drown them,
that they may with greater facility, and without ftruggle or re,
fiftance, devour them. As Quadrupeds do not often come in
their way, they almoft always fubfift on fiih. .This deftruftire
raonfler can neither fwim nor run any way than flraight forward,
and is confequently difabled from turning with that agility^ re-
quifite to catch his prey by purfuit ; thereiore they do it by fur-
prife, in the water as well as by land. The Alligator is fuppofed
to be a long-lived anixpal, and their growth is extremely flow.
6. A Cafe, containing a fmall fpecimenof the African Cro«
CODJL?! {lacerta Croce^iius.J'^The Oan(^£TIC, or Bottlk
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NossD GROcbbiLE, (Lacerla Gangetica. )'-^Tht AmericaU
Alligator, with iu eggs, (Laccrtd Alligator.) — And a Cko^
CO0ILE from the Well Indies, which diCFcrs materially from
either of the above, and feems yet to have been unnoticed by.
Travellers and Naturalifts.
FISHES.
See thro* this air, this ocean, and tbis earth.
All matter quick, and burfting into birth ;
Above how high progreflive life may go, '
Around how wide, how deep extend below!
Vafk chain of being, which from God began.
Nature's ethereal, human; angel, man,
Beafl, bird, fifh, infe£l, what no eye can fee.
No glafs can reach ; from infinite to Thee,
I From Thee tQ nothing i •••;••.
POft4
La^'ge Glass Case of Fishes, marked A.
No. I. CoKy^HZSE, or DOLPkiif/CorypkanaHippurus.Lin.y
The Dolphin is an inhabitant of the Mediterranean, Indian, and
Atlantic feas, where it often appeals in large (hoals, and is fome*
times obferved to follow (hip«, devouring with avidity any occa-
fional article of food which may happen to be thrown overboard':
it will even fwallow fubllances of a different nature; and we are
infornied from the authority of Plrimier, that in the 'ftgmach of
one of which/ he examined, yere found four iron nails, one of
which meafured more than -five inches. When taken out of the
water, the beautiful colours (with which the fifli is decorated when
living) fade as it expires; the luftre vanifhing bv degrees, till at
length it becomes of a dull grey colour. This gradual evanefcence
of colour in the dying Coryphene is contemplated by failors with
as much delight as the Romans are faid to have exhibited on view-
ing fimilar changes in the expiririg Mullet, when brought to their
tables before the feaft began. The Coryphene is a ftrongsand vi- .
gorous fifli, and fwims with great rapidity. It is perpetually en-
gaged in the purfuit of the fmaller fifhes; and is confidered as
one of the moft cruel perfecutors of the Flying-fifli. The flefli is
faid to be excellent.
2. Flying Gu Rii akH* fTtigla Volitans^ Lin.)
This highly fingular and beautiful fpecies is a native of the Me.,
diterranean, Atlantic, and Indian feas, where it fwims in *fliQals,
and is often fe6n flying out of the. water, in the fame manner as
the flying*fi{h, Etocsetus* In its native element, the colours of
this
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this fifli are extrcroely brilliant. It is crjinfon above* pale or of a
ivhite colour underneath. The peroral fins are extremely lar^e,
tr^nfparent, of an olive-green, richly varied with numerous bright
blue fpots. The tail is pale violet*'' with the rays crofled by duflcy
fpots, and flrengthened on each fide the bafe by two obliquely
tranfverfe bony ribs or bars.
' 3. SmM SAW^fiSH^ (Prifiis jinliquorumy Lin.) .
The Saw-Fifli is a fpecies of Shark, growing to the length of 15
feet or more. It is an inhabitant of the Mediterranean and
Northern Seas, and was kno\vn to the ancient writers by the name
olPriJliS.
4. Striped Ch/etodon, fChcttodon Striatus^ Lin.)
This fifh is a native of the Indian and American Seas. .
5. Sparrus, unknown.
6. VoKCVvmz-YnH^ C Diodon Hyjlrix^ lAn.)
In point of habit pr external appearance, the remarkable genus
Diodon, may be faid to conneft in fome degree the tribe of fiflies
with that of the fpiny Quadrupeds, fuch as the Porctipines and
Hedge-hogs ; it is alfo. allied in a fimilar manner to the Echini, or
Sea Urchins. The Diodon Hyftrix, commonly termed the Sea
porcupine, is faid to afford an amufing fight whei^ taken by a line
and hook, baited by a fpecies of crab : after feizing the bait, by a
fudden fpring, on finding itfelf hooked, it exhibits every appear,
ance of a violent rage, inflating its body, and elevating its fpines
to the highcft poffible degree^ as if endeavouring to wound in all
direflions, till, after having tired itfelf by its vain efforts, it fud»
denly expels the air from its body, and becomes flaccid for fome
time: but when drawn towards the fhore, it redoubles its rage,
and again inflates, its body; in this Aate it is left on the &nd, it
being impoffible to touch it without danger till it is dead. It is a
native of the Indian and American feas, and is confidered as a
coarfe fi(b, but is foraetimes eaten by the inhabitants of the Weft*
India i (lands.
' 7. LoPHius, unknown.
8. Torpedo Ray, (Raja Torpedo^ Lin.)
The Torpedo has been celebrated.both by ancients and modems
for its wonderful faculty of caufing a numbnefs or painful fenfa.
f ion in the limbs of thole who touch or handle it. The fhock or
fenf^tion given by this Ray, is attended with all thecffefis of tha.
f)roduced by the cleftrical machine, fo far as ei^periment haa .
litherto enabled us to difcover. Although this fifh docs not af>l
pear to be furnifhed with any ftriking exterior qualities, ahhougii
ithas^io mufcles formed for great exertions, nor any internal
conformation differing from the Ray kind ; yet fuch are the won*
derful powers it poflcflc^, that in an inftant it can paralyfe the
hand or body that touches it, and caufe for a while a total lufpen*
fion of the mental faculties. Reaumer has, by feveral experimdnts
attempted to demonflrate, that it is not neceflarily, butbyavolun*
tary
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71
taryeffdrt, that the Torpedo benumbs the hatid that touches it.
On every trial he could readily perceive when it intended to give
the ftroke, and when it was about to continue inoflenfive. In pre-
paring to give the (hock, it flattened its back, raifed its head and
tail, and then^ by a violent c6ntra6lion in the oppofite dire£lion,
ilruck with its back againft the finger that touched it ; and its body,
which before was flat, became round and lumped. It is faid that
the negroes can handle' the Torpedo without being aflFe&ed ; and
We are told the whole fecret of fecuring themfelves from its effe&s,
confifls in keeping refpiration fufpended at the time. The eleftri-
cal power, however, is known to terminate with the life of the
animal, and when dead^ it is handled or eaten with perfeft fafety.
It is an inhabitant of the Northern, European^ and the M^diter^
ranean Seas.
9. Sea Horse, fSyngnathus Hippocampus^ lAn.)
The Hippocampus is a fifli of a highly (ingular appearance. In
its dry or contrafled ftate, this animal exhibits the tancied refem*
blance from which it takes its name; but in the living fifli, this
appearance is fomewhat lefs ftriking, the head and tail being car*-
ried nearly ftraight. It is a native of the Mediterranean, Northern,
and Atlcinf ic Seas. a
10. Five Rayed Star-Fish, (Asterias Laxiigata, Lin.)
11. Carved Asterias, (Asterias Tortuna, Lin.)
It IS a native of the Indian Seas, and is found of various fizes,
from an inch to 6 inches in diameter.
12. Enormous Crab's Claw, meafuring in the broadeft part
upwards of 10 inches in circumference.
13. Another Crab's Claw, of a very curious conftruftion.
14. An elegant circular foecimen of White Coral«
15. Another fpecimen of Coral with Sea-Weed.
16. Foliacia Flustra^ Lin.
Small Glass Case of Fishes^ marked JS. .
No. 1. Haklequ IS AsGLEK,' f^Lophius Hi^rio, Lin.)
This fpecies is a native of the Indian anJ American seas, grow-
ing to the length of 10 or 12 inches, and in manners refembles the
European Angler. Monfieur Renard, in his Hiftory of Fifties,
affirms,, that he knew an inftance of an individual ot this fpecies
lept for three days out of water, and which walked about the houfe
in the manner of a dog. ^ .
2. Remora, or SucRiNG-FiSH. (Echeneis Remoray Lin.)
This Fifh- has the power of adhering to whatever it fticks againft,
in the fame manner as a cupping-glafi adheres to the human body.
It is by fuch an apparatus that this filh fticks to the body of a fliark,
drains away its moifture, and produces a gradual decay. It is
found principally in the Mediterranean and Atlantic seas, where
it grows to the length of about l& inches*
3. Round
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5. Round DiODON.or Ska HM.BOZ'}loG/Dio4<^nOriicularis^
tin.)
. The Round Diodon is confidered as a, poifonousijifb, and is an
inhabitant of the tropical Teas.
4. Lasher BvLLHhAD^ fCotius Scorpius, Lin.y
This Fifh is an inhabitant of the Mediterranean and Northern
fcas, it is faid to be plentiful about the coaft of Greenland i^ where
it is eileemed good food. It is a flrong fifli, fwiintning with ra«
pidity, and preying on the fmaUer fiihes, I,t is faid to'live a con*
fiderable time out of the water, having a power of clofipg the gill
covers in fuch a manner, as to exclude the effefls of tbe atipof-*
pberic air. When caught, if held in the hand, it everts a firong
and peculiar found by the expuifion of air through its niQuth ;
during this a3ion the ipouth is opened to the utmoft width, the
pe6loral fins are fironghr expa^dtd, and the whole body is agitated
hy a vibrating or tr^muJous motion.
6. Oceanic Flying-Fi&h, (Exocatus Evolans^ Lin.) ,
Thp fiflies.of this genus, wjiich are few in number, are remark-
able for the extreme Ten^h and fize of their peftoral fins, by which
tjiey are. envied to fpring from the water, find fupport a. kind. of
temporary flight or continued motibn through tlie air, tp ^t diff
tance bf 2 or 300 feet ; when the fins become dry, th^y are obliged
to commit themfd vea to their own eiemenJ. The fifli here defcribed ,
is an inhabitant of tbe American and Indian feas, but is occafionally
obferved in the Mediterranean. Pennant records an inftance of it5»
l^ing feen about the Britifli coafls. Tbe celebrated fipnnet confi-
dered this fpecies of fifli as forming a kind pf conne3?r)g link be-
tween fi(be$ and birds, fimilar to tbat which bats Qiay be Jvippofed
to form between birds and quadrupeds.
Small Glass Case of Fishes, marked C.
No. 1. B£AK.£^iv.AK.Gi.^R, or Bat.Fish, {Lophius Rqftratus^
Lin.) A native of South America, and preys^ upon fmall fiihes
and worms*
2. Hare Mouth Globe-Fish, /^r<f/r^rf^n Lagocephalus, Lin.)
. This genus, like the Ditidon, has the power of inflating its body
at pleafure. It is an inhabitant of the Indian and American feas,
but occafionally ftrays into the northern latitude^, 'and has been
taken, according td Pennant, aboi^t the Britiih (:oafi«» viz. near
Penzat^ie in Cornwall. ' -
3. Trunk-Fish unknown. ^
4. HoRNEP Trvnk-Fish, (Qflracion C^rnutus^ Lin.)
A native of the Indian and American Seas*
5. American Flying-Fish, (Ex(u:atus Evolans, Lin.)
Allied to the one preceding as to general appearance, but
fomewhat different in the fins and fize. It is a native of the At-
lantic Oceaui and seen abaut the coafis pf th^ Antilles* ^ - -
6. Oi.B
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^. Old Y^iFE,of Ancient File^IFish, (Baliftes Fttuta^ Lin.)
A native of the Indian 2^n4 American feas. It is fuppofeil to
have obtained its popular name of the Old' Wife, ffom the ap-
}9earan<:e qf the mouth when viewed in front, as well as frdm tlie
flight murmuring noife, which it utters when firft taken.
7. LoNO FjiNNEo CnmroDOU, ('fhatodon Tcira, Lin.)
This curious f|(h is a native of the Indian and Arabian feas, and
is faid to arrive at a confiderable fize.
Small Case of Fishes^ marked D.
No. 1. Porcupine. Fish, fame as in, the Large Cafe marked
A. No. 6.
2. Ancel-FishI.
5. DiODON, unknown.
4. Dragqn et, fCaUwnyrfius Lyra^ tin.) Inhabits the MedU
terranean and Northern feas.
6. DioDON, unknown. .
6. Young Turtle, fTeftudd Caretta.)
7. Porcupine Diohq;^ ^ ( DiodoH HyJrix^ Lin.)
8. HippocAMPUS/or Sea-Horse, (Syhgnatkus Hipp(fcampus^
Lin.)
9 Young Sturgeon, (Acipenfer StUrio, Lih.)
Inhabits the European, Mediterranean, Red, Black, and Car-
plan feas, and annually defcends the rivers in fpring. It is a
filh o£ flow movement^ is very fertile, and preys on other fifhi
Its flelh is fometimes eaten*
The following Fiflies are in the different Rooms. .
Frog-Fish* or Angler., (Lophius Europaus\ Lin.)
The Frog-Fiih is remarkable for its uncouth appearance. The
one under confideraiioh is an inhabitant of, the European feas,
where it fometimes arrives at a great fize. It is obfer'ved to fre-
quent (hallow pans of the fea, lying in anibufli, covered with
weeds and mud, in fuch a manner that the fmaller fifhes, deceived
by its tentacula, or long proceffes on the head, by their refemb-
lance to worms, on attempting to feize them become a prey to
the Lophius.
Dolphin, unknown,
YouwG Shark, (Squalus CarchariaSj Lin.)
The Shark is as formidable in appearance, as he is alfo jdfeaded
for his courage and aftivity. No filh can fwim fo faft, for he
will outftrip thefwifteft fhip. *• They are, fays Mr. Pennant, the
^* dread of failors in all hot countries, where they conftamly* attend
•* the veffels, in expeflation of what may drop overboard ; a man
*• that has that misfortune periihes without redemption : they have
" been feen to dart at. him like gudgeons at a worm**' They are
biA^SQ aU^ck Ne|;roe« in preference to Europeans, and to attend
L with
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ivith afliduUy the Slave Ships from Afficti \6 the W^ft tiKfifes.
The Shark grows to ail enormous fiise, fomieiifneis thitty ftd in
lenrth,.
The Short Su» Fish. (Tctrodon Mifh.) Taken in the Fiith
of Forth.
TheFAtE-^iSH, and theLuMP^SucRfeR, taken with the abo^e.
INSECTS.
• f . » . . Each mofs,
Each flicll, each crawling infe£l, holds ^ raak ;
Important in the plan of Him, who form'a
This fcale 9f beings ; holds a rank> whleh Idft
WoUtdbrdak tha chain, and leaver gap
That Nature's felf would rue 1
GlMS Caee, J^i). I.
^- Jylo, 1. Locust, (Gryllus) nnkno%vn.
2. Great Locust, rGrV//ttJ'i)«^. Lin.)
Of all the infetEls v to the calarhitieS
of mankind, bydevoi rth, Locuffs feenl
to poiifefs the moft foi ion. Legions of
thae voracious creati produced in thi
various parts of Afric where the hUvbck
they commit is almoll ew hoiilrs the moft
fertile plainjnto an 2^ even when dead,
they are terrible, fine arifes from their
inconceivable numbe n regarded as one
of the principal caul ce. The iargeft
fpecies of thefc infefl bod, and in many
markets, of the Levan The female is re-
garded as a very nutr lUch fought after.
^. Underftde of an — „ — — ^.
, 4. Upperand underfide of Papilio NESTOk, Lin,. Inhabits
South America.
6. Papilio Luna, from South America.
6. Papilio Thoa«, Lin. from South America,
r 7. Birb-Catching, or CkfeAT Surinam SpiDEK,-f-ifrifi^a
Jlv^cularia^ Lin.)
. Very little appears to be knowp ir^fpefting this Spider: it ft
however not uncommon in many paitr of §6Uth America. It
tiefides imongft the trees, and feizes on fmall birSs, paitieularly
Humming Birds, which it deflroys by fucking thdr bh)od, after
having firft wounded them by its fan^s* Thi^ Spider h^s eight
eyes, which %^e dilpofed fortjewhat in the form of ^n *bb1ong
f4uare y two ai'e perleflly rpund, the otkert ^tfe «f an oval Ifcape.-
^« COMMOH
Digitized by VjOOQIC
a. Cfi^MON Ci^AHl, {Gca^d Plebeia^ Lin.)
.The Cic^4*> w pftca commeqiQrated by the suicient poets, and
fo geneia^y copfounded by the major part of tranilators with the
Ojr«^r$t)Qpper9 i$ 9 native of the warmer parts of Europe, and h
g^cularly plentiful in Italy and Greece. The common Cicada
f^pea^a in the boueft fumfmer months, and continues its ihrill
chirping durjng the g^e^teA p^rt of the day, fitting amongft thje
♦s leaves ^t trees.
8. A,-^Gr^e^ CfCi^Oiv, ('CbVa^aiti!^. unknown.
9. Cetonia C!<ii?Js;nsis* Lin, '
This iofe6l is very raire» and inhabits Chin?, &Ct
IQ. PAPiLiOy ^pknown.
1 i> TAi^ANTy ^.A Spider, (Arauea Tarantula^ L}n.)
Cufipus anecdotes are XoXA of t" - - ^j^^ poifon of this
^pider on thpfe who have bs^ tl \ to be bitten b^
It, Accprding to Dr. Me^d, altl ; |irft is no greater
than the umg of the Bee, yet |he ' difcolouredv and *
ihe p^ieat in a few I^oufs is feized "s, tremor^, and i.
weaknefs in his h^4i l^e grows ftupid, and timo-
rous, and in a (hart time e;^pires, ui called to his ail^ft*
fMice, , which a^e, without the Ii he, performs the
pi|rp; fof 9t the fQ^nd of an inftrum^n^ lie fets to dancing, an(|
ppntifiues the arduous exercife uiitil he falls to the ground, front
whence l\e is cpnveyed intp bed, where he refrelhes bimfelf froni
fatigue, &c. repeating the ^xercife fbr days tog;ether, until cured^
Ndtwithft^mding the great 5|uthorities which cai| be referred to,
of mufic curing the Tarantula frenzy, there is good reafon to be«^
jieve |he whole ftp^y fabuloi^s, and a vulgar error, for it is trea^tec}
as iuch by an Italian phyfician in the Phiiofopnical Tranfa6lipns;
and by a great many gentlemen of veracity, who have refided at
Tars^ntp, during the time in which the bite of theTatantula is faid
tp ^^ moil pernicious ; who aSirm there was not a phyfician in the
Cfpuntry, yirhQ believed there wastver fuch a difteiiiper from fucl|
5l caafe. Among the vulgar there is a tradition, that diftempersp
fUtended with very extraordinary circumilances, bad been excite(|
by*U!ie bit^ of the Tarantula ; hut that no perfon ever remembers
a fingle inftance; and that there is no Spider found in that country'
different from thofe which are found in common in mod warn^
climates. ' . '
,Xhis,i;urioMS Spider was prefented to the Mufeum by Mr. B,
J3lundetl, tfiverpool, who caught it on hoard a veflel difchargiiig
,i!n Qeprge's DocIl ; when attempted to be feized, it made a vigo-
rous f<^riUfUice, and had a biig attached to its hinder part^, contain-
Jiig its young, larger ^haq the egg of a Pigeon,
12. Great Black Wasp, of Pennsylvania, (Veffu^.J
This great Wafp supplies itfelf with food by roving about thf
2^e449V^.s« c?^<^hing gp^hoppers, and other infefls^ on thefe it
jpeds, and not on fruits,, as other Wafps do. But what is more
/^ , L 2 remarkablct^
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remarkable, u the method of making their nefts, and providing'for
their young. With great pains and induftry they fcratch an hori-
zontai hole, near an inch diameter, and a toot long, in the fleep
jGde of;a.bank of loamy earth ; then away the Wafp flies, and catches
a large grafshopper, and' lodging it in th^ farther end of the neft,,
there (be lays an egg, and then goe« and catches two more, and
depofits them with the other, then plafters up the hole. Th^
egg foon produces a maggot; thefe grafshoppers are, by marvel-
lous inflinft, provided tor its food, until it changes into its pupa
flate, in which it lies for a certain period, and then eats 'its way-
out, and flies away feeking its rtiate. What hiay deferve our faj-'
ther attention, is the wonderful fagacity of this creature, not cm ly
in catching thefe large grafshoppers, though bigger than itfelt,
which are like ours, and are very flrong and nimble; but their
1)eculiar flcill is to be admired in difabling them, either by bite or
. ling, fo as not to kill them; for then they would foon putrify,
and be unfit for nburifliment. Life Sufficient is left to preferve
them for the time the maggot is to feed upon them* The ftin^of
this Wafp is painful, but does not fwell like others.
13. Ele?iiaut Bletle^ {ScarabausEle/^hans^ Lin.)
The Elephant Beetle, one of the largeft of the genus hitherto
known, is found in South America, paiticiriarly at Guiana, Suri-
nam, knd about the river Oroonoka. Of any peculiar habits
which may diflinguifti this fpecies, we have no information that
can be depended upon. This infeft is extremely rare.
14. ScARABCEUs Bucephalus, Lin. Very^icommon in Chi*
na, and other parts of the £aft Indies.
15. DiAMOKD CuRCULio, fCurculio SpUndcns. Lin.) Found
in Brazil.
16. Herculus Beetle, (Scarabaus Hercuks, Lin.)
The Beetle here defcribed is a native of the ifland of Guada.
loupe; but on the Continent of New Spain this fpecies Js faid to
be often feen of very large dimenfiohs.' The horn of this beetle
above ia toothed on each fide, and beneath it is covered with a
fubftance ;-efembIing yellow piuih; the probofcis below is alfo
4oothed. Between thefe, it is faid, the infeft takes the fmatler
branches of tr^es, and by fwiftly flying round foon faws them off^
for the purpofe of building its neft^ The teeth cut away the
ivood, and the plufti part ferv^s to brufii away the faw-dQfl. Dr,
Shaw, however, (in his Naturalift's Mifcellanyj fays, that on a
narrow infptftion of the probolcis of this beetle, it will appear na
ways calculated for the fawing off* branches trom trees; he leckon^
therefore the whole operation as a vulgar error. It is a very mifv
chievous animal, and exceedingly diflicult to be taken. ^
17. Cerambyx, unknown.
18. Cerambyx, ditto.
19. ScARABaus Nasicornis, Lin. Found in Europe, as well
as in China. • .
Glqfs
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Glass Case. Insects, JVb. 2»
No. 1. PApilio, unknown, ^
2. Ditto ditto. '
9. Ditto ditto.
- ; 4. Ditto ditto.
5. Chinese Lantern CARRiERS,/JF«/^flr(zCtf«^fe/^ini2,Lin.)
Thefe infefts are found in China, and are peculiarly noticed
lor emitting a lively fliining light in the night time, which accord-
ing to (bme authors is fufficientto read by. The light is gene-,
rally fupppfed tio iflue irom the trunk, or elongated projeflion of
the forehead.
6. Papilio, unknown.
7. Ditto ditto,
8. PApilio Paris, inhabits China.
9. Papilio GLAUCiPpk, from ditto,
10. Papilio Almana, from diuoV
11. PapiliO;, unknown. »
12. Ditto ditto. *
13. Papilio Oenone, from China ^
14. Ditto, unknown*
. 15* Ditto ditto.
16. Papilio Orythia, from China,
17. Ditto, unknown.
18. Papilio Orythia.
19. Ditto Almana.
SO, SI, SS, and S3, from China, the names unknown.
The following Infe£ls are difperfed in the different Glafs Cafe •
No. I. Stag Beetle, (Lucanus Cervus^ Lin.) This Beetle
is the largell of the Brittih fpecies.
S^ Phal.ena Erycina of Shaw, and the Phal^ena Hes^
PERius of Lin. ,
This infeft bears fo near a refemblance to the Atlas Moth, as
fcarcely to. admit of a fpecific reparation ; but it is an infeft of ftil|
greater elegance and beauty than that magnificent fpecies. In tiie
Glafs Cafe of Birds, marked D. ;.
3. The Great Mantis, (^Mantis Gigas^ Lin.)
The imagination can hardly figure to itfelf a more fingular in-
fe£l than this is ; and had we only the account of authors, with-
out having feen the animal, we might be inclined to q^ueftion the
truth of its exigence. In its 'winged or perfeft ftate, it is larely
fnet with in colleflions, being generally feen in the Jefs advanced
growth, in which the rudiments of the wings are but juft vifible:
in that ftate it is called the Walking Stick. It is a native of
Amboyna. In the Blue Manakin Cafe.
Tfc^
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The Walking Stick, ("Mantis Gigas^ Lin.) Thii is the
young of the abgtyc fp^ftf ies hefor^ its wintga s^re gfown.
4. rHASMA Hecticum, Lin.
5. Brown Locust, (Gryllus Migrai^rius^ L>n.) . !
In the year 1748 this fpecies appeared in irregular flight in
feveral parts of Kurope, as in Germimy,^ FraiKG* ?nd Ejigfeind;
and in -London, in particular, great numbers wer^ feen : th^]|.pe-
lifiiad, however, in a fiion time, without doijig any miifchieC*
%. &:pRPiOK, f Scorpio. Emopmus^ Lin.)
Scorpions (of which 4here are feyersd in this Qotie^ion) 9r<
i&aoA in the Weft Indies and the fouihca^n p^rls of JEi^uro^e, :
CANCER— CRAB. . \
Glass Case, JVb. 1.
No. L Mantis Craji^ (Cmc<r M^^t Lti^4 This curious
Oah inhabits England, and is. ^fo l91^vA i^, Qh^iy^t 8f,c.
2. Crab. (Cancer) unknown. ' '
3. Ditto ditto unknown*
4. Cancer Homarus^lAT\.
5. Long Armed Crab, (Cancer Lo^\t$anfU3i^ \*V^\i Niftive '
of the European feas, and is feldom found p| ^ Urge Q^^
6. Suppofed (Cancer 4r4fici^% t-in*)
7. Canter^ unknown. ,
8. Young Turtle, (Tefiudo CareUa^ t-in.)
9. Hippocampus, or Sea-Horse, {^ngmtJim Uipf^camptis^
,. Lin.)
10. Cancer Craniolaris^ Lin. Inhabits the (bores of Malabar,
wha?e it isotten found petriQed*
l\^ ^hpl^Vl,CK^Jl^^{C^^cer Birnhardus^lAn.)
This fpecies being deprived of the ftrqn^ covering bebind^ zfL
il^ the ^he^ ge|kiis» (9kes c^f^ge in the delerted univalve (hells.
As it grows in bulk, it changes its ftnall habitation for a largcfi;
It^ ti^iU which 1$ p^ed and render, is fvimiihed with a hopk, by
wbkh it fe^r^ifes itfelf in its Ipdgiu^, and carries it ahqut ii^ fe^irctlv
of pf^. ii^^i^ Qre^t Britain, &c.
Glas& Caae, JVtf. S,
- - CANCER. ' .
No^ I. (Cancfr Pelagic^s, Lin.) Found among fea.\veed*
!^. SpipER Cfkh^T^y (Cancer AranetiS^ LinO
Tl^e fiihersaen ^^uppole this fpecies inj^uriouji to the beds oC
Oyfters \ ai^ therefore wlten they d^dge u up, they do not throw
it back into the Tea, but dv^rpy iu It is often coyei;ed witi^ aByf«
ftj^. Inhabits Europe. " ^ . ..
S. Lani>
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- ^#
S. Land Crab, (Cdncef JhrhWar, Lfe.)
The Land Chib frdWeij in wbod^ irid i^ Wk ftaTiimii Uh^di
tbey are fb ilutriefous, that the grobnd feeAis to br^Nre a$ they
crawl aboift> In bi'eedihg tirhe they make to the ft4-4hores id^e-
jofit their cggis, and ho'obftniJaidn tan turn them «/ut 6f the \^j.
They Jive on vdgejtabtes, and are ^ftei^ed exfcelt<»^c iWd.
' s 4. Cancer^ unknown.
&. Gr£En Crab, ditto. _
6. Cancer^ ditto.
7. Cancer forceps ^hiti* Inhabits the ocean.
8. G^nictr^ utiiuiown* ' • . ' ■ - ^ .
%9. Hippocampus, (Syngha^Kiu Hippocampus ^^Vm.)
10* Giw^^r, unknown.
' \i/%hMo(^CtUincet Vr^ifiiaks.lkn.^^ thfiaiHifs >^ oeeift«
12, 13, 14, l5, and 16. Unknown.
- 17« Hermit C&ab^ /T^itcvr 'DiogtnBs^ Lin.) inhablu an dnu
vidVe Aell the fame at the 3>okober Crab.
IS. HdRRi0 C«Xb^ (OMUr ihrndut. \J^ is a aitiTi^dr
the AKatic feat.
19. iNBiAk MoM^ocuL^rs, Mollucca, or Ki^no Crai^
^MdmcuIus FofypAemus^Lm.)
The name MdrocuIus wtrsfbeftow^d on tha genas of infeAtv
from, the ctrcamftatoce of ibe ejnes being generally feated h fiebir
leach other, as tqpoti a curfery view to appear as if fingle* In (otht
fpecies ho^rever, (as in the orefent,) it happens that they are reaHy
remote irom each other. O^ aU the aniii>als of vt^hich Natumhfk
liAvk kgecti to diftifi^iA by the app«{lacion of mftAs^ the lAdiiaift
Moi<oicuius is by ftfr the largeft yet known. It is a tiativ«e of tte
Indian 0<fean, tfnd h Taid td be generally ichsni m pait^s, or mate
ttnd female^ fwimming to^;etfaer. To wl]At has been faid ^ cht
-MonoculttS, I fhould not omit to add, tliat the e^'ies iw thh animalv
accordinfg to the obfervatidns of Mr. Andre, (Phil* Traftfac. voh.
72) confift of a great number of Very fmall con^s; in this refpdft
they differ from thofe of mod other in fe^ls^ in which the outwalk
coat of the eye is cotaipofed of innumerabie Oi^ convekims^
%ouii^d by M hexagonal outline^.
VERMES, ZOOPHYTES, &c.
Oridtid, fh>m thcffe wiut uumtrons kinds defctod
fvading e'en the Microfcopic eyel
uTl Nature fwarms "With liTe; one wond'rous maCi
Of ^nniuili,t>r atoms drg^itedr, '
Waitiaatlie vital brtatb) when Varait Hctv'u
, ShsUi bid Ms fpirit blow*
THOifSOK.
Several^ecies orf the Asterias, 6r Star-Fisu.
i^AtVtD S^tAK-fisn, (Afierias.Torcuma, Lin.)
' /" Sea
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Sea Fan, (Gorgonia Setofa^ Lin.)
Prickly Wmt^ C ok al^ fMadrepora,Muricaf a, Lin.)
Mushroom Madrepore, (Madrepora Fungilis, LinO
Brain Madrepore, {'Madrepora Cerebrum, Lin.) ^
Common Coral, CCoralHna Officinalis^ Lin.)
Tunnel Sponge^ Spongia Injun4ibulum^ Lin.)
TARTS OF UNCOMMON ANIMALS,
AND OTHER NATURAL MISCELLANEOUS ARTICXeS.
. No L Numerous extradrdinaryandftupendous remains of non-
defcript animals, found in the vicinity ^i the rivers Ohio, Wa^
iiafli, Illinois, Miffiffippi, Ofage, Miflbviri, &c, brought to Eng-
land by a gentleman who pafled feveral years on a mineralogic^l
tour in unfrequented parts of Nprth America. They confift of
different parts of animals, fuch as heads, vertebrae, ribs, grinders^
and horns; among which, the moft worthy of remark is the foot
of a clawed animal of ihofera genus, or tiger fpecies. This ^aw^
<;loathed with fleft, (kin, and hair, filled with miafcles, flexors, and
cartilages, muft, when dilated on its prey, have covered .a fpaee of
.ground four feet by three. Did the animal to whom it appertained
partake of a ftrength of body proportionate to the fize of this foot*
and at the fame time add the agility and ferocity of the tiger to bis
unequalled magnitude, he muft have been the^terror of the foreftj^
and of mankind. That fuch an animal did exift, this fpeciroen is
a fufficient proof; noi- did it alone inhabit America, for we have
jreafon to believe that an animal fimilar in fome refpefls to the
above, once had poffelfion of our ifland; for various remains of
non-defcript animals have been frequently dug up of late, in dU*
JFerent counties in the Glafs Cafe. The thigh-bone marked A.
which is nearly four feet in length was found in digging the
Ellefmere Canal in the year 1803, near the Village of Wrenbury,
in Chefliire. B., ifs one toe of the clawed foot. C-feveral joints of
the tail, which muft iti the living animal, have been as thick as an
ordinary oak tree. D* one of the vertebrae of the back, the paf-
fage for the fpinal marrow is fo large, that a man's arm may with*
eafe pafs through it* E. a ff.fiion of a fpiral tulk, thirteen feet ia
length. F. a carnivorous grinder, nine pounds weight, .beings
one hundred and forty-four times as heavy as that of a horfe. G. ,
alargegrinderof another fpecies of thefettupendousnon-defcripts,
evidently an herbivorous animal. On the fubjcft bowever of
thele Incognita, but a few words are necelTary : they have been
QD the whole the furprife of the enlightened Naturalift, and the
admiratioa
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81
iAmitalion of the claffi>cal fcholar ; we therefore rcfer.thofe, who
-wifli to be more particularly informed refpefting thefe remains, to
a pamphlet, entitled *• Memoirs of Mammoth and other cxtraordU
itary and fluptndous Bones:* y' written by the gentleman who brought
them to England, and fold them to the Proprietor of this Mafeum.
3. Glaf$ Cafe, containing an Egyptian Mummy.
The ancient methods oblerved by the Egyptians in embalming
liuman bodies, according to Herodotus, were performed after this
manner : — "There were certain perfons appointed for the bufinefs,
who had three prices according to the workmanfliip. In the moll
efieemcd method of embalmingt they extrafted .the brains by the
nofe with a crooked iron, and then poured in drugs ; afterwards
they opened the body, took out the bowels, wafhed the infide with
palm wine^ and having rubbed into it pounded perfumes, filled the
cavity with myrrh, caflia, and other fpices, and then fewed it up.
After this they wafted the body, with nitre, then let it lie 70 days ;
and having waihed it again, bound it up in folds of linen, befmearing
it o Vef with gums, which the Egyptians ufed infiead of glue. The
relations then took home the body, and inclofing it in the wood-
en figure of a man, placed it in the Catacombs. Another method
of embalming, was inje6ling turpentine of cedar with a pipe into
the body, without cutting it; they then failed it for 70 days,
and afterwards drew out the pipe, which brought along with it
the inteftines. The nitre dried up the flefh, l<?aving nothing
but (kin and bones. The third way was only by cleanfing'the
infide with fait and water, and faking it for 70 days." From
what Diodorus obferves, one would imagine ^that there was
a way of preferving the bodies much fuperior to either of the former;
for he fays, their eye-brows and eye Jaflies, with the form and ap-
pearance of the whole body, were fo well preferved, that they
might be known by their features; whence many of the Egyptians
kept the bodies of their ancellors in houfes adorned at a great ex-
penfe; and had the pleafure to fee their forefathers for many ge-
nerations back, and to obferve all their features as well as if- they
were living. It does not however appear that ai>y bodies were
ever difcovered embalmed in this manner.
The Mummy, in this collcSion^ was brought from Egypt by
the French, and taken from tjiem by an Englifli privateer, and
was remarkable for containing only tJbe head, and part of the thigh
and leg bones, which were enveloped in folds of nne linen, ne^ly
tttrec inches thick, The linen in fome parts was as white and
perfeft as when firft done, and on the legs there was fome appear-
apce of the flefh ftill remaining, although, from a moderate calcu-
lation, it muft'have been embalmed upwards of 2000 years.
3. Head of the ancient Irish Elk, or Moose Deer. The
fpecies extinS. This head was found nine feet under grocmd in
M a
f ThU Pamphlet nuy be purch^fied at the Mufeyisi.
Digitized by VjO.OQ IC
a'tti^lpit, Oft tWe lands 6f Dewftown, the feat of the Riglit H<».
Lord FariAam, in the countv of Meifh. Ireland, Anrno 1801.
Prefenied ty Leonard M'Nalty, Kfq. of IDublin.
4. Large MokN of the AMfikiCA^J Staq, j^fefented by Clipt.
Mars, of Arnerifca.
5. Elephant's Heat) tind GRi'NJ>Eii&, prefeftted by Sfemtiel
Staniforth, Efq. Liverpool.
6. Head of the Leopard.
6. A.— Head of the Green lAKD BfiAk.
«. B.— HEADoF^he Boar. ' - v]^
- 7. The&KULLorf the B'ABYRaussA, or I>fDrAN Hoc The
taoh diftJrtguifliin^ charaSeriftic o(f this tinim^l confifts ^in four
hr^^ tnfks, ihe two ftoiiteft of whitfh pf'bcecd, like tfcc^fe o€ the
Wild Boaf , from the unxler jatsr, ^inttng upwards ; thte t\^'Otfeers
rffe u^ like horns, on the o'utfide^'the upper j&w,juft aboVe the
nofe, and extend in a curVe abdvc the eyes aPfn(::Jft touching the
forehead^ and are about fdveB inches long. The ufe this ak>imal
makes of tfheffc tufks is m ileeprng, wbich thfey ^ like the JBle-
phartt, by hoolcihg thehi onihe branches of t^re©9. The Ba1>y.
fbufta is found in feveral t>f tfefe i-Qattds of the Bftft lmiie»»
* 8. Part df inlELEPMA^t's-Gkr^D^E^.
• S. The HokN of an ItiEx. ■ '
'9. A. — Horns of the RdE^BucK. - -
10. The Horns afthie Ghamois.
11. The Tail of *e BEAVEk.
12. The EcG^idt HIGH BaNfe df anOsT^lGH.
13. The Leg of a Cassowary.
14. 16, and 16. Three Nost^ of the^SAW-FiSH. The !argeft
of thefe is thVee feet feven inches Icing, eight inches broad ^t'the
bafe, and four at the point; it is armed at the fides with thirty-
eight ftrong teeth, about an inch and a haM' long, and two inches
froni each other.
17. The Jaws of an enormous SIiark, which meafures fix
feet *fix inches in ch^cumference. , .
18. TheTossi l Tooth of a Sh aiik, nearly 'four times as large
as thofe in the above jaws.
19. The'CAVitY ofa WiHALE's Eaii.
20. The Jaws of a Porpoise.
21. A Angular Bone, fuppofed to belong to feme feaanimaL
S2,a!ld23. SHSLLSof the nineand three-banded An^iADtLLOS.
24. Part of the Hide of a Rhinoceros, rem^rkabl^ for its
thicknefs, being jptftol proof. '^ '. ^ i,
25. SkCll of the Walrus. Tb?s animal lYihAbfts the
Northern fcas, and grows to an amaziwg fize; thetuflcs are fotae-
times upward sx>f two fe^t in length.
26. Skull df a Bear.
27. Horns of the White Antelope. The horns of this
anrraal Tmerery long and Sender, of a black col<^ur, and fliarp'
pointed
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pointed. The animal is of a milk-white colour, and inhabits the
ifland of Gow 3abfeirH in the Gulph of BaiTora.
28. Teeth of the Hippopotamus, which are of vaft ftrength
a^d iiziei pis^^ici^arly the tuij^s or Rapine teeth of the lower jaw;
they (oaietioies m^afure more than two feet, and weigh uf^warc^
oi fix pounds.
, 30, SxuLL of a Gangetic Ceocodilb.
31. Glafs Cafe conuinmg fouJC diffcr^m Beaks and Heads of
the Calao, or Hornbill Bird; remarkable for the fingular
appendages on the upper ^a|[idib]e^« Np. l. Helmet Hornbill*
No. 2. rier Hornbill. ^io.. 3. Rhinoceros Hprqbill. No. 4,
Phtllippa Hornbill.
32. An Elephant's Tail.
33. Skin of a Snake^ nine feet long, frojm Botany Ray.
34. The Skin of a Rattle Snak^. * n
35. A.MvMAjiy pf the W ^ITE Ibis.— The White Ibjs, though
now unknown to the Egyptians, was formerly worfliipped by them
a^ 9 god, in coafequenge of the g^reat fervice it did them, in de-
ftroying the vaft quantities of ferpents and reptile* with whigh that
country was infelted. Their veneration for them extended even
^^r their death ; for whenever the body of a dead Ibis could be
found, it was carefully embalmed after the manner of the mum-
mies. Mr, Bruce, the Abyflinian traveller, paeations his having
Q{y^n(4 f<?V€isd p( the^i, in which the^ bones, and even fome feathers,
were entire. Buffon fays, " he received feveral of thefe mum*
'* mies from the bird pjtsi in |hip plains of Sa^cara; ths^ the (hape
*• of all them was a fort of doll, forn^ed hy the bandages which
•• incafed the bird; of which the greater part fell into bkck duft
•* when the ligatures were removed."
36. A curious Wasp's Nest, from the Weft-Indies.
37. Another Wasp'« Nest, from South America, on the branch
of an oak, on which it was formed. The hole in the fide is cut
t<j sti9w the ftrufture of the combs. The entrance to it is at the
bottdm, and is contrived in fuch a manner that no rain can enter.
38. Skeleton of ah Ostrich. — Skeletons of Birds, viz.
the Creeper, Snipe, Oyfter Catcher, Lark, Starling, Green Lin-
net. Fieldfare, and Moor Game.
39. Skeleton of a Rabbit.
40. VEiCTEBRiE ot the Spermaceti Whale.
41. HzADoi the American J AniKV ^(^Myderia Americana.Lin.) ,
The American Jabiru, till lately the only fpecies known, is a
native of South America, frequenting watery places, Jts fize is
fomewhat larger than the ftork; indeed fome fpecimens approach
nearer to that of the Oftrich.
42. The Specimen of f ussil Oak, found in a quarry near
Coventry.
M 2 Largt
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84
Large Glass Case, marked JMinerah^
No, 1. Beautiful Group of Chrystals, of extraordkiarjr
fize, froni^the mines of Dauphiny; prefented by Thomas Allah,
£fq. of Edinburgh,
2. Pipe Chalcedony, from Iceland.
3. Large fpecimen of Opal in the Matrix.
4. Three Opals poliihed.
5. Native Gold Limestone, from Tranfylvania.
(). Irilh Gold, from the Wicklow Mountain. ' '
7. Oriental Cat's Eye.
8. White Cat Eye, from Germany.
9. Ayre Marine or Beryl, poliihed.
10. Flour Spar, from Derby (hire.
IL Group of Amethyst Chrystals, from Hungary.
12. Gold Sandarak.
13. Beautiful Brown Spar, with fnow-like appearance, from
Tranfylvania.
13. Brown Spar, in Chr)'ftal.
16. Fine Specimen of Iridescent Iron, in Chryftal, from
the! fie of Elba. ^
17. Splendid Iron Ore, from Hungary.
19. Bubbled Malachite Copper Ore, with mountain Blue,
from Siberia.
20. Malleable Copper, fVom Cornwall.
21. Copper Orj&, from Ditto*
THE
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I
I
s;
i^/^^/^U/M.;^/
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85
THE ARMOURY.
Charm'd with the fight, the ardent breaft is fir*d
With thoughtt like tboia which ancient bards infpir*d.
On enteringdus room, (which is painted in the Gothic manner,
and lighted by an elegant arched window of ftained glafs,) tho
contemplative vifiior cannot but feel a degree of refjpeft and ve.
neration for the memory of his forefathers. Surrounded by fuch
a multiplicity of armour aiid war-weapons, he will, if not folely
engrofled by other purfuits, be capable of reflexion, and form to
himfelf a variety of conjeftures on times long pafl : his adive
mind will contrail the manners, cuftoms, and military exploits of
thofe days, with the prefent ones; draw a line of comparifon from
the different centuries, and mark the progreffion of art and fciencc,
from a ftate little better than barbarous, to an age, when refine-
ment and ingenuity are nearly arrived at the acme of perfe£Hon.
On taking, however, a general furvey of the objefls that pre-
fent themfelves, he, without doubt, will firft glance his cyts on
the tafteful difplay of the different antiquities, fuch as helmets,
brcaft-plates, lances, and fwords. Among fuch groups, the Ar-
mour will ftand the moft confpicuous to view : here, an ample field
will be open for meditation : the form, make, and materials of thefe
war-fuits, will be a fource of admiration and furprife. When a*
thought i&caft on the quondam warriors, whofe ftrength enabled
them to fuftain fuch a weight of metal, and at the (ime time were
capable of exerting themfelves, performing under it every exploit,
and enduring every toil of war, he will be overcome withaftonifli-
ment, and feel his confequence leffened, whilft he confi.
dcrs himfelf as the offspring of a dwindled race of mankind.
Again {hould the warlike weapons arreft attention, which have
been the inftruments of carnage and bloodfhed, and fent many a
noble and generous heart to that bourn
*' From whence no traveller rc((urn«,"
he mufes in filence, as he blames the aimbition that ftirred 4ip the
fire of contention, and regrets the enmity that fubfifis between man
and man.
But turning from fuch painful remembrances, his thonghts will
pfacidly^dweH on the progreffive improvement of fire arms, from,
the firft invention in remote times.io thofe of a later date. Should-
thofc of ancient Englifh manufa£lure appear any way worthy pf
infpeftion, their ponderous and rude workmanlhip will furntlh sk
ftrong
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flroDg contraft to thofe executed in the prefent day; if thpfe of a
foreign make have any thing peculiarly Itriking, he will find them
richly decorated with a drverfity of ornaments, and in every re-
fpeft fuitable to the wealth and grandeur of an eaftern nation. If,
once more, he condefcerids to examine the aitictes (in appearance)
tcfs attraftive than the preceding, he will find many things to meet
his praife and approbation. ^ ... *=
Such are ihe iubjefcts to which we wifh to introduce the vifijor,
and we have the vanity to think, that he will not enter this apart-
roem withoust ieeliipg k\ a CmaU degree, the emotion we l^tyc
4tten>pted xo deforihe, nor quit it, without having add:ed fowe-
tbipg to his geuer«^l ftock of knowledge.
The First Figu^^e under the OptWc Niche neareft to the win-
dow, is dreffed in Haubj&rk, or ancient Suit of Mail, fuch as was
vorn in the afiny of Williara the Conqueror, when he mvaded,
this country. It is compafed of fmall rings ol iron,, which paffing
through four otliers, ai:e rivetted together in fuch a manner as riot
to prevem any motion pf the body. B^fides their ordinary clothes.,
the knights wore u^i^der the Hauberk a loofe gai:ment called ^
Gambe(on» which defcended as low as the kn^e; it was fluffed
.with woollen c^r cotton, and quilted; its ufe was to deaden xhe
ftroRe of a fword or a lance* which though it did not divide th^
mail, migb^ feverely bruife the body. Between the HauJ)eirk and*
Gambefon a breaft-plate of iron, called a Plaftron, was occafioually.
put on, and over all, men of family wore furcoat^s of fatin, velvet,
ur cloth of goldxand filvcr, richly embroidered with their armoria?
bearings* Thus enveloped, and loaded with fuch a numbier of
weighty incumberances, it is bv no means wonderful that in the
mid^ of furamer, iu tb.e heat, duft, arid prefs of an engagement,
men at arms fbould be fuffocated in their armour; an event which
we learn from hiftory often liappened. Befides the inconvenience
of b^ing thus fwathed up like an Egyptian mummy, a man could
have but little power ot atiion, and this in fome meafure accountg
for the fmall number ot knights llain in an engagement with
cavalry only : probably as ranfom was fo great an objeft in thofe
days, they rather uiflied to capture than kill their enemies, and
for that purpofe endeavoured to unhorfe them, for when they
were overturned, they were immoveable, and lay on the fpottill
remounfed by their friends, or overtaken by their enemies. This
venerable relic of antiquity came pf iginaliy from tlie Caflle of
Tong, in Shropfliire, and was prcfented by the Rev. Mr. Buck*
ridge to the Mufeuro of the late Richard Green, Efq^ of Lich-
field, from whence it was purchalt4 by th^ prefent Proprietor. It.
is prefamed, that this Hauberk is cbe only pfrfe6l onp of the kitnl
remaining, in England, as tb^ce is not a fpecimen exhibited ekher,
M the Tower or Jaritiih Mufeum. 1^ the Treatife on Ancient Ar*
. -. mour»
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tnour» wrifttti by ft* late ^FramriiGroJfe, Efq. ^. A.S, ^Hlefcdp*
tion h gi\^n of this iderrttcal Strit o^ Mail, in volinne ii» p^ge ^
plate 21,
. The CfeNTiitr FictiritE h dreflfeA irt a teimTplfet^ ftik bf Piic«-
MfeN*s AftMouft, Worn by the arq'ucbttfters divd ttru^fee^eer^, ^
the firft itttroduftion of fere artas<. It ts in 'fifte prtfervatfon^
jmd belonged to an Officer, iNrho 'pixshMy oiVA it kt meHeteftiora^lt
fiege of Latham Houfe, as it was known to 4iave 1)661* preferred
at Grafs Hafl, in th^ftnetghbourhootJ, a coftfiderafble Atciffib^'oF
' yfears. It was ptefented to tlie Mufeum 'by Cot. S^ta^rfey, M. P*
the prefetit Proprietor of Crofs H^ll.
On the right hand is flre Figure of a Knuch* in a (akJetbright
fteel Artfiour, of the time of Qufeen EH2^abetlh : this k^ tafted plate
drmbur, and is of mor* tnodern dat^ tban the fliwrfl, as it c&mc tnte
l^eral ufe^botttlfhe middle of the foutteem^ certtHry. Atitsfirft
mtroduftion it was made of prodigious ftrewgth ffrtdthtdkflds, and
was fitted to every part of the body To cJofe, 'that it w«s 'irti|>olBblc
to pierce it with a lahce.
At the'battlfe 6f Fornbue, 'trnaftr Charles VIM. a. number df
Italian kntffhts werfe tak^, Wlio <:c*iJd tiot be flain on ac<:Qunt of
the llreh^h df tii^ir afmoar, till 'broken ^ip like %ugetebftersH[Wth
wood-cutters* axes, by the followers of the army. , , . ^
Large ^lass Case.
'No/ 1.' Singular I<toN TuftKriMi ^Brible ftrx. •
2, Another Bridle Bit of a different niakt.
3. Att Ancient ^pannek and PKf MSii.
4. A very ancient and uncommon AfeQUEBUte M'^vrcti-liOCRi
the but ^viery mtrch <:iiryied, and richly ornartKfiited witli inlaid
Wdrk in ivory : oh which is aitft) a repr^fentai^ic^i of^ Spanifli foli
dteJr in tbedrefs of the age. The trigger is about twelve iechea
long, (haped to the curve of the but. It fs iaidto have ^e^n taken
On bo^rithe^SpaniDi Aimada.
5, Turkish Scimitar, richly decorated on the rcabbardand
liandle, with different coloured Itones.
■^ 6. A verycurtousMAiTftATtA MoftSEM\N'«Swo%j^.betwcea
; four arwi 'five feetiong, df excellerit tfemper: t?he bl^de, which is
very thin, is fixed into a kind o^f ffauntlet, that reaches nearly to
the wfcaref^ elbow, and in which there is a gpafpacrofs the infide
for the hand. See Grofc pi. 30. No, 1 and 2.
7. HiOHLANi> Pistol, brafs moimted.
' 8. Two Highland Pistols, made of iron, and of different
confirudions.
9. A SwoBD, with a Pistol in the handle; taken from a
ffench officer on board the Ville de Paris.
• 10. A veiy curious ^double WHi^EL-LoOK-MuSKET, from the
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tJrand Duke of Tufcany*s Gallery at Florence^ Thia piece has
two pans, two wheels of fteel, and two flints ; by which contri-
vance it difcharges twice with once loading.
11. A Turkish Gun, Beli-mouthed ; the barrel fluted and da-
xnafked, a fnaphaunch lock, and the ilock inlaid with ivory.
12. A Turkish Musket, the ftockj lock, and barrel^ like to
the former, but richly ornamented, and mounted with filver. 'Ttig
tutious piece was taken from the Turks by Count Orlow^ the RuU
fian General ; afterwards ex changed with an Englifh gentleman for
a fine horfe ; the gentleman preiented it to the Right Honoural^Je
Lord Paget, who gave it to the Lichfield Mufeum, from whence
it was purchafed by the prefent Proprietor.
13. A very curious modern Fowling Piece, tnade by C.
Malbon, of Chefl:er ; it has two pans, the hindmoft is fliut by means
of a fliort lever or regulator, while the foremoft is ufed. It fires
twice with once loading.
14. A moll curious and beautiful ancient Spanish Wheel-
Lock Fusee, the whole flock of which is entirely covered with
the moft exquifite inlaid work in ivory and mother of pearl, repre-
fenting a variety of figures of men, beafts, birds, flowers^ &x:. ;
15. A beautiful fmail French Piece, of very capital work-
manfhip. ^,
16. A Magazine Gun, made in Italy in the year 1666, which,
when loaded at the but end, may be difcharged by moving a ftiort
regulator, ten times in lefs than half a minute.
17. Lance, called Assigay, ufed by the CaffifWia Chiefs,
Cape of Good Hppe.
18. Mahratta Dagger, of curious conftruSion. — See
Grofe's Ancient Armour, plate 56, No, 4. VoUn.
19. A MagnificentTurki^hSword, called the Attoga?^»
the hilt and fcabbardof folid filver of the fineljbworkmanihip; the
blade is bent the reyerfe way from the fcimitar, and i| worn before,
attached to an embroidered belt.
In this cafe are alfo a variety of ancient Spurs, many of them
very cvMrious.
The Bottom Cafe contains the followingmifcellaneovisarticles:*^
No. ij An ^cient Manuscript Missal on vellum^ finely
illuminated, written before the invention of printing.
^. A Reading Desk, for holding the above, which folds to<
gether, and is made of one piece of wood.
3. Ancient Shoe and Clog, fuppofed to be EngHfli-
4. Curious Shoe lined with hair, and wooden boitom^wam izi
Ruflia and other Northern countries, , ;
5. Steel Toi^acco Pipe, to which is fixed a piilol lock, for
lighting it*
6. Several pieces of Roman Pottery, found n^ ar Coichef*^
ter, in Eflex.
7. Curious
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89
7. Curious Brass Box, on which are defigned the Battleis and
Viftories of Frederick the Great.
8. Curious Ink-Stand, cut out oF St. MkhaelV CaVe,
Gibraltar.
9. Small antique Vessel, itiade of Lava» ' :
10. Ink and Writing Apparatus, of Laya, frotti Vefu^
- -rius.
The following Fire Arms, are arranged on each fide the Lafge
Gkfs Cafe, beginning at the right hand :— » • '•
^ 19. An , ancient English Match-Lock Moskbt; of thefirft
invention ; it belonged originadly to the family of the Wingsfietds
of Alderton, in the county of Siilop^whofe names and arms are^n*
;gravied on iwo efcutcheons of mother of pearl ,o» the ftock , the bar*
rel is verjrheavy, and ndurly four feet long: oh'it«is the date 1615.'
20. Another M atch«LoOk, very large and heavy, Hated 16iO. ^
21. An ancient English Fowling riBCB.witbafnapHauneli^
lock, the ftock richly inlaid with ivory and peai^ihUI engraved.
This piece-is. fuppofed originally to have belbUfM to thls'SfefEii^*
ton famity, formerly oWners of>Fi(berwick»nowitbe property ^£'
jhe Earl of Donegal!. ' . -^ ' '
22. Ancient Match Look, with fingtilar ftock.
23. Blunderbuss PistoLv brafs barrel. ' ,- ^
24. Large Blunderbu^Si brafs barreh Thts ^iece the Dulcd'
of Argylenad with him at the Battle near Diiinblaine inScotkahd
in the year 1715. A fcrvant of the Duke^referved bis mafti^r'ff
life by fhooting a rebel with it,' who had prefeoted his piece at hit
Grace, with a defign to kill htm. ' It was givettby'lhe above fcr-
vant to Mr. J. Wickens of Birmingham, who gave it to the Lich*
£eld Mufeum, from whence it was purchafed by the prefent Fro*
prietor. . » ^
25. A Perfian Match*Locii, with a fcjuare barrel, inlaid with
gold; the ftock fplendidly ornamented with painting atid gildfng,
28. A cudoiis Indian Match-Lock Musket.
27. Ancient Calabre, Snaphaunch Lock.
On the left hand of the Cafe are the following Fire Arms :-^^
- 28w An American Riflb, taken at Fort Wafliington*
29. Spanish Fowling Piece, with curious Lock.
SO* Ancient Snaphaunch Musket.
31. Wheel Lock Musket.
32. Magazine* Gun, made at Pontefraft. in Yorkfliire, by
Martin Raynald; it may with eafe and fafety be jSred eight times
in hail a minute with only once charging.
^ 33. A Long Gun, purchafed at the late fale of the Leverian
Mufeum. With this piece General Wedderburne (brother to
JL^rA.Loughborough) was killed, wbcii reconnoitrdngafort in the'
. N ' Xaft-
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9(^>
B^ft4t<dbfi&. . TfcefJJftrince fromvihe. iort¥rz& /a -Itreat, thilt .flie
(hot could not be accounted foc^.iMitil ' ihe/pUce.wlisi taken )dnd(
t{>i^JongG«rt,difi:oy!ri-ed. : - :.. /.//.: ^I ^: ■ r') •
Several other curious Guns ; the whole focming a com piece .fi^iei
from the firft inventioa, aiil fliei^og^dmir-^/aduftt ifl3|bk!Direknietit.
.;34..'SN^^iVAVN'caJP^ST©ji*S'MeKxffwfii)uflf/iiiiaid./ <■' . r
35. A Angular Pistol, with an inlaid ftock. . „ r
36. A Wheel Lock Pistol, made in Germany in the year
'57. A braceof curiou«-FRE>iCHjDou»J-i;-BAJtltEL4:P'Ei9TX))LS.^
£^. Afer^QCiof «rii5iajt RiFLEi.BivKRi:i*aFi3TOrLft« .. . :
0:39* A p^ir^f S^AMiart BoA.KpllN^<PwtdI>fi» . ; n it • ,.x
..40» A^ufllberofiwici^m G^^fLdte \. -.-.av M/ lu
- 4t* Oyer tlte GU&, iGafc thu*: flom^i the Gi*n$ nmdiffJijced at^
V3ti^lj^ oi*. anfcicnliWjeapxMJS, . n»litt)ro4>£ wbi<:hi *re, «t pr^wil un^
lyicjwii ;, anfcopg. tbriift j« ihe. Npriiiaiv.bill;and fet6'«l P.ik^, JHaU
h^f t5» ^c» nkottt on .hoaotl the iipwiift AroBada* . ; . . ; ^ . • \
.48* IiBj)irefflp|i.irfa|fittevRoWii«ii -HBUtiET* : » . j . I
43» A fuiib of IX^ch Ligbitborri^:^diJ^Qy n ancLHmiMfit, with,
tkijee jQiav^aUe'>^Stin, frQnt*^ Jllh^ongod/to the 9o4icnli fmtily:
of the Venables, in Chefhire. . , :• Cl i- ; : .
44. An open.firarited H^LMiET^/ffrumAin a.ditcU iiKWrWigair, a
few years fiiice, on the, fpot whcj?t ;ie £aH of .^Derbyvhada batile
VfilhCbe Ppdi$aDeBtf<^rcefl» iaihe yc^r 1651;, iii^4youri)f Chairles li.
i 46.> AiiiitWKT,: foiind at CarAage* jabwJt ftbiayteei 4800, by^
J- Jackfoft,: Efqi of ftafinghalUStoeetti^ndon, :fel greatly fe*
f«inbles the Mjfsbknit yf^>m ia Europe irt ihje.tiiM lof Jook^ !•
\46. A fin« T^LTMKO HELMiET,fia high pr^ervatioo. ' .'
.47.. A VenktiaNv HELMfiT, r.c£ej]ibtDgthe Rodman oiue.,
.48* A MiQRiONi! or open kiadjof. H«i«m9i:> witJ^Qutvifoc or.
"beaver, fomewhat rcfembling a hat; it was commonly worn by f
the Arqu^buflers and Mufketeew.,: .. .• ... \ ...
, .49* Aao^ea fronted He LNtBT-.
^0. Several Pp/rHELMBts^dtilBO/s' HAts, With. broadbrims, s
51. The PLASTRQAf,,QrB*EA$T.TJPtAT** ui'ua)lyiW)rn .under
the Hauberk, &c. »
Grofe's Aocient.iArnBour, plate34i .yoJ^it') /Tbi$. (bi^ld derived
its name from iis ai^yilw figucc; it i^'njwJc o| cir^uW ^picceti of
iron, faftened togetlier, fti^d^od. whb br^fi* and liiied' wjjh
leather, but they were fometimes qQm^ohd of 02ier3„ boardsi of
light wood, line;.\^$'or ropes covered w-i^h katber. pUtes-of mee^J,
o^f Avick. fuli at nlik iu conoemiic ^ipqles or other %ure$* ;iT.he
Norman foldiers carried this O^^id^ fttft^^ned to a ftr^^p^nd huog*.
ovj^r.tte {houJderw The Roundds o( ejtji^l, p^rticuiaitly thafe
richly eugravcii or tiuhpffcAy (^e^t^tlwr tw have been inOgniapf
digfaty, aucije^dy b^iine belpre giwieraj^ or gieat officer?,, ih^il «l-U
. " .,. . ' culated
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«1
culated for war,*«wft of ihejn.baii^' too heavy; fc>i;^convcirieni:«lfe,
or too fl'ight to refill the violence ola Ibroktf^ either frofcii a ftvtord
or battle axe. . ^ -i , ' ' , • .. ;
; SSfc; Ant Hav BURGEON, QT ShiHt o£Maiij. TWs ishiaddia
the fame loairaer'^ai tke Haiibeirki only it- is without flee\«ea,v and
reaches no lower than the WwZiiit*> By the ftaiufee o£ Wincheflei,
pafled in the thirteenth year of the rei^n of Ed Ward I. evcry^iiaa
poffefSng lands to the yearly amount of fifeeen pounds a'nd folrty
'itiarkaJn^odsT^ w^ obliged !io* keep J» bis* pOffeflion an Hattber-
geon, an iron head-piece, a fword, a knife, and a horfe.
64r. A fcomplete Sitiit' qf '^ttcieliL Armour fcr.tbe Hokse,
<onipii>fed of feveral thoufnod plates of ttefcl aiad bKafs* finftly
.united bj^i riveted iroa nngsa, ^of^ the* famck cofiflduftion as the
iiiaufaiefk, akmg with which k was fuppofedto have been worii
This kind of : horfe armour is. imagined liofl to^bave been very
cofOiQioi^k e^'ca,ati the time it was in t^fe, -a$j npt a fingle fpecifliecs
except the prefent has reached us, nor has a correft reprefentatioii
of it been puhHlhed. On this account, it m^^fi, be haghly intc-*
refti^ (0 thofe who are fondof examiaing fuchtrelics of antiquiity.
55* A PBRSiAN GoAT>of Mai L, made Jiitaily in the fante man^
ner as the Hauberk, only the work is more bcaulituL The col-r
Jar is of crimfon velvet, on .which infold ftuds is written in Vex^
fianthe following chfrnifters:— r** AUFathka Httfoin Ha/an /41M
^akammfid.'' On the hreaft is a TaWmafi, or charm, to prefcrve
the wearer's, life.
56, A Bri^andin^ Jacket. Thb is mentioned in Jeremiah,
ch* li» ver. 3, and in an aft paffed by Phrlip and Mary in 1558.
It was ufed principally by the archers, and took its name trom the
%h$ armed troops who firit wore it, being called Brigands. It is.
compofed of a number of fmaU plates of iron, fewed upon quiited
linea through a fmaH hole in the- centre of each plate, their edge^
laid ctv^er .each other like tiles, or the Tcales of a iiih; thefe fcaie^
are covered with cloth, fo as to have the appearance of quilting ;i
it is proof against the puQi of a pike, or the Itroke of a fword; and
yet is extremely pliable to every motion of the body. The Hel-
met for this fuit was called a Skull, or Steel Cap.
57. A great variety of Pieces of Armour, tor all parts of the
body ; among which are feveral pieces prefented by the Corpora-
tion of Stafford to the Lichfield Mufeum, and a number of Back
.and.Bx:efift Plafe?^ of different kinds, given by the Corporatioti.of
Coventry to this Col leftion. ,
58^. Ca^NiiS^ ^ALBERT, the handle inlaid w itli mother of pe|%rl/
59. A Angular Sword, ufed iiy the Tarurs. . •
60. A CHLiNESBSHipLDfCoveredwithBuffalo'shide, japanned.
61. A Mamej^uke's Shield, made oF a Hhkiacerys-s hide,.'
bullet pvpof. ' ' , * '
0)i, Two Highland Swords and Targets.
: ,1 N2 63. a'
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63, A variety of ancient Swords, of different nations/
64; A large Two-handed Sword, nearly fuc feet Iqng.
65. Singular Iron Pike and Gun Rest.
: i 66. Great variety of* Gun Locks, fome of them very curious.
67. H ALBERT, made in the time of Oliver Cromweti, formerly
carried before the Mayor of Cheller.
. 68. Indian Match-Lock. ;f
69. A Sack Bottle.
70. An ancient Hat, made of the undreffed (kin of die wild
boar. " ,
' 71. A Pair of Warrior's Gloves, made of Buffalo's hide.
72. An ancient Buff Gauntlet, or covering for the left
arm/ worn in the time of Charles I. by Sir Francis Rhodes, of
Barlborou^li.hall, in Derbyfhire* It i& contrived to anfwer the
purpofe oi a Ihreld, being compofed of tliree (kins of buff leather,
and one of ftrong pafieboard. — It is figured in Grofe's ancient
Armour, vol. ii. plate 39^ fig. 6, and 6.
73. An ancient Cross-Bow, remarkably ftrong.
74. The flock of a verv rich ArcUbahsta, or Cross-Bow,
found about the year 1773^ by fome labourers on Bofworth Field,
renowned in hiilory for the viftory obuined by the Earl of Rich-
mond (afterwards Henry VII.^ over Richard III. in which he loft
bis crown and life* It is fo ex quifitely carved, as to authorize a
conjeflure that it was the weapon of no mean warrior: indeed^
very iew fpecimens of the chifel of the prefent day excel it. The
bow is unfortunately loft, and th^ iron work' that remains is much
corroded by lying, as it affuredly did, S98 years in the ground ; on
n there are yet to be difcovered, a number of ftud^ and ornament
tal pieces of gold. It is made of yew, the compafi texture of
which wood has fo well preferved it from decay.
In a fcarce poem written by Charles All^, which contains a
particular account of the Battle of Bofworth, 9re,the ^oliowiojr-
Jiues:— ^ i
** T^c archer* ftript thrir flccvcs, who muft dein«
** The controverfic here debated on.
<< The iun of Richmond's hope was in the figa
" Qf Sagittarius, and there chiofiy (hone.
<• Thp feathers of their (hafts fung as they went,
. <* Being newly let to the one-ftring'd inlinimcnt/*
This fine remain of antiquity is figured and defcribed in the
Gentleman'^ Magazine forfcb. 1784, and which, with feveral dthcr ^
antiquities in this colleftion, were exhibited before^ ihe Royal
Antiquarian Society in the year 1803.
76. A Basket and JIat of cane, made in tKe time of Quteen
K|jizabeth; thefe are of very curious woikmanfhip.
76. Chinese Quiver and Bow-Case, made of leather, em. •
bolfed and gilt, •
7* Chinese
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^ '
77l Chinese Bow and Arrows. See Chincfc Curiofities*
78. A number of Pikes and Lances from Africa.
79. Great variety of Irish Pikes/ fach as were ufcd in the
late Rebeilion.
80. Pair of Jack Boots, commonly called Gambado 'sw
81. Specimen of Chain Armour.
82. A coIle£lion of ancient and foreign Stirrup Irons and
Bridle Bits; fome of them of an extraordinary fize and weight*
83* Antient Bras^ Hanging Candlestick.
Small Gla$s Case.
No. 1. An ancient Sword, formerly ufed by the Englifii
Nobtenlen in their hunung excurfions. On the hilt and fcabbard
of this Sword (which aie of ivory) are moft exquifitely carved,
the death of every anittial.of the chafe, compriiing more than
ninety-feven figures, f
This admirable work of art, ferves in fome meafure to Aew, in
what a magnificent mannier our anceftors followed their favourite
amufements; arid it is imagined that but few artifts of the prefent
daiy could produce fo exquifite a performance. Within the
Scabbard, tWe are a Inife and fork. ^
2^ and 3. A very rich pair of Spurs, found in the fpring of
1800, in ploughing Bofworth Field; they are of brafs enamelled
and very perfeft, t
4. ;A fingular Iron Spur, the Rowels of which, are 18 inches
in circjumference.
5* Curious Iron Spur, enchafed with filver, found on BoC
worth Field*
6. Ancient Iron Sj^ur.
7, and 8. Pair of Gilt Brass Spurs, fuchas are worn by the
Knigl;its of Bath, on days of ceremony.
9. Ancient Brass Snuffers and Stand, of curious work-
man (hip.
10. Ancient Irish Brass Sword, found near Navan, in Ire.
Jajid, fuppofed to have been in ufe before iron was known in that
countr}^
11. Ancient Brass Celt, found at Winwick, near Warring,
ton, LancaQiire.
85. Iron Arrow, purchafed^ from the Leverian Mufeum,
found in the year J792, in the field on which flands the Caftle of
Harwood, YorkOiire.
86. l*EAT»Ek Skull Cap.
87. Asiatic Sword of fingular make, with a fcabbard of
wood, curioufly carved.
88. An ancient Brass Dish, fuppofed to be Saxon: on the
bottom
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bottomiis a ntde-reprei'mitaUPn of thjc Annunci^iop^ and rpund the
edge a legend in Ss^^fion lettor«.
' 8ft. A MooJiiSH SyiVR, which weighs one pound three ounces;
inilead of rowels, it is armed with a Iharp fpike of the thkknefs
of a perfon's finger, ^i 9)h>u$ fpur inches in length* This fin-
gular inftrument appears better defig^ed tot kill a hQife, than to
furgo it iof ward. '-; ' ,
90-. A large Turkish Powpej^ Fi.a&k, mounted and em.
broidercd with fitvor, !ti>rmerly belonging to Prince EugCne, at
the fale of whofe effe^ls it was purchafed. Prefented^ by Henry
Blundell, Efq. Ince-HaU.
91. A Roman Bottle, ufed by the foldiers to carry liquor
^n. - ■ ^"^ :•..*. -•. . . ' I ,,:
93* Ah ancient L^AThI^r BottL£>^ eoibrpid^r^ >vi,th A)k; it
.holds nearly a gal km V i . m /. . ^ , .
.. 03, Bahi>il£^r&,, or WoojaEN Ciw^lWiORlCAi* Bp5(jR&, ufed
by the Muikcteers of the reign of James and Chafl^s J* for car-
rying tkeir ^powder. 'JTWdve of tjilefe wefe &x$d.tQ a belt worn
t>vdr tht ieitfhoulder* The. bsg tfaati^iiUtfied ihiQ bullets was
fufpended;to the bc4t. . * . ; t
94* Cimous Horn; iinigtned to be Scotift. ■ ■'
95. Ancient Cornet. This hoitn isi ftippofed. U> be of thi;
eartieft indention, and to have been o^&Jof the &rfl ki«4 of mu-
iical inftruments ufodin amilttary band. . .,,,,.'
THE ENB*
t -)
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Jn a short time will be published
BY SUBSCRIPTION,
In two Vols. 8vo. (dedicated, by permiffion, to the Right Hon.
Lord Stanley,) Price to Subfcribers, 1/. 4^.; — An Accurate DE.
SCRIPTION of the SUBJECTS of NATURAL HISTORY.
Foreign and other CURIOSITIES. &c. See. &c. in the LIVER.
POOL MUSEUM; illuftrated by upwards of Thirty Etchings,
by HowiTT, and compriGng fuch Articles of Natural Hiftory
and Antiquity as have been found in Lanca/hire and the adjoining
Counties.
PHIKTED BY J. FERRABV,
MAftK£T*PLAC£, KUi-U
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