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A COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY 



OF THE 



NON-ARYAN LANGUAGES OF INDIA AND HIGH ASIA. 



\.-. .- .r.^<. 



BY THE SAME AUTHOR, 
Third Edition. 

THE ANNALS OF RURAL BENGAL; 

COMPILED FROM OFFICIAL MS. RECORDS AND THE ARCHIVES OF NATIVE FAMILIES. 
VOL. I.— THE ETHNICAL FRONTIER. 



' One of the most important as well as most interesting works which the records of Indian literature can show. . . . Yellow- 
stained volimies from each district Treasury in Bengal, family archives from the stores of Rajahs, local information collected by 
Pandits specially employed for the purpose, folk-lore supplied by the laborious inquisition of native gentlemen, manuscripts in 
London, Calcutta, and Bengal, have all been laid under contribution ; and as the initial result, we have the first volume of what pro- 
mises to be a delightful and valuable history.' — Westminster Review, 

' Mr. Himter has written a book which gives promise of a historian scarcely inferior in scholarship, intellectual power, and 

literary skill to Mr. Froude The real history of India — the history, that is, of its peoples — ^has yet to be written. It can be 

written only by a man whom long service in India has given special knowledge, and who combines with this a real historical genius. 
Mr. Hunter is the first Englishman who combines these qualifications ; and he has in this preliminary volume given us a history 
which, in its minute knowledge of the people — their ethnology, language, traditions, religious literature, manners and customs — its 
philosophical breadth and freedom from prejudice, its noble principles and sympathies, and its literary skill and eloquence, will be 
as fascinating to the ordinary reader as it is valuable to the student.' — British Quarterly, 

* A work of the greatest talent, and one which will make an epoch in Indian literature. The facts are set forth with the 
scrupulous exactness of an honest and impartial judge, the scientific details are clothed in a dress at once clear and picturesque ; and 
it is not too much to compare Mr. Hunter, as a writer, to Lord Macaulay.' — ReTme Biblio^aphique Universelle, 

* Mr. Hunter, in a word, has applied the philosophic method of writing history to a new field. . . . The grace, and ease, and 
steady flow of the writing almost make us forget, when reading, the surpassing severity' and value of the author's labours.' — 
Fortnightly Reinew, 

* A work radiant with an inner light.'— ^A Jamei Magazine. 

*. . . If Mr. Hunter does not ultimately compel recognition from the world as a historian of the very first class — of the class 
to which not a score of Englishman have ever belonged — we entirely mistake our trade. ... He has executed with admirable 
industry and rare power of expression a task which, so far as we know, has never yet been attempted : he has given life, and reality, 
and interest to the internal history of an Indian Province under British rule — to a history that is without battles, or sieges, or martial 
deeds of any sort.' — Spectator, 

*The picture ot the great famine of 1769, which did so much towards ruining the native Bengal aristocracy, is worthy of 
Thucydides.' — Imperial Revieio, 

* There is still a thick cloud between the rulers and the ruled, which is only broken by the occasional flash of some great 
calamity. The work before us affords some light in the midst of this gloom.' — Athenaum. 

' Many profound scholars, both in this country and Germany, have written learnedly upon the Aryan Emigration ; but for 
Mr. Hunter it has been reserved to study an aboriginal race amidst its native mountains, to mark the reciprocal influence of two 
phases of civilisation at their point of contact, and to delineate the aspect of Northern India prior to the armed immigration of 
the fair-complex ioned [AryanJ race. . . . Now that the attention of the British Government has been so forcibly directed to the 
peculiar customs and observances of the aboriginal races, it may be hoped that an exceptional system of administration will be 
provided for a people so deserving of special consideration.' — ComhiU Magazine, 



In Preparation. 
A COMPARATIVE GRAMMAR 

OF THE 

NON-ARYAN LANGUAGES OF INDIA AND HIGH ASIA. 



A COMPARATIVE DICTIONARY 



OF THE 



LANGUAGES OF INDIA AND HIGH ASIA 



WITH A DISSERTATION 



BASED ON THE HODGSON LISTS, OFFICIAL XECOXDS, AND AfSS. 



BY 



W. W. HUNTER, B.A., M.R.A.S. 

HON. PEL. ETHNOL. SOC. 
OF HER majesty's BENGAL CIVIL SERVICE 



LONDON: TRUBNER AND CO. 

1868 



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MURRAY AND GIBB, EDINBURGH, 
PRINTERS TO HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE. 



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TO HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY 



QUEEN VICTORIA, 



THIS WORK 



IS, WITH HER ROYAL PERMISSION, 

( 

DEDICATED. 



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PREFACE. 



T N this book I have brought together the languages of the non-Aryan tribes and peoples 
who dwell within or border upon the British Empire of India. They form broken and 
scattered fragments of that unrecorded world which was before the dispersion of the Indo-Germanic 
stock. On the plains of Hindustan the pre-historic races succumbed so completely beneath the 
Aryan invaders, as to lose all remembrance of their separate ethnical existence ; but, as I 
endeavoured to show in my Annals of Rural Bengal^ they have permanently affected the 
language, religion, and political destiny of the composite Hindus whom they combined with 
their conquerors to form. On the other hand, among the mountains and lofty plateaux which 
everywhere abound in India, they have preserved their nationality intact, and during ages 
waged incessant warfare with the lowland population. The long series of Indian conquerors — 
Aryan, Affghan, and Moghul — have each in turn laboured to extirpate them. The English 
are now endeavouring to reclaim them. But in order to civilise, it is necessary first to under- 
stand them ; and this book, for the first time in the history of India, places the governing 
race in direct communication with eighty millions of its non-Aryan subjects and neighbours. 

While the principal end of my researches has thus been a purely practical one, I am not 
without a firm hope that they will prove of service to European scholarship. Philology has 
hitherto concerned herself almost exclusively with Indo-Germanic and Semitic speech ; with 
speech, that is, at a single stage, and perhaps not at its most instructive stage. The study of 
the non-Aryan tongues of India is destined, I believe, to open the door to the vast linguistic 
residue, and to furnish the basis of a new science of language, as the study of Sanskrit in 
India eighty years ago afforded the foundation upon which the present system of philology 
has been reared. In the following dissertation, the blemishes and probable inaccuracies of 
this rudimentary effort are carefully set forth. Some of them I hope to remove in the 
Comparative Grammar of Non- Aryan Speech^ which I now have in hand ; the rest I leave to 
the generosity of scholars who work at greater leisure and with a fuller knowledge of scientific 
principles than can be hoped for amid the distractions of Indian official life. 

For the convenience of European students and of missionaries, the work is arranged 
in English, French, German, Russian, and Latin. The five synonyms are placed at the 
head of each page. Polyglot Prefaces will be found at the beginning, and Alphabetical 
Indices at the end of the volume. 



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PREFACE. 



T 'OUVRAGE que je donne aujourd'hui au public contient les ^l^ments des idiomes 
dont se servant les tribus et peuplades non-Aryennes qui vivent dans I'^tendue des pos- 
sessions Anglaises aux Indes, ou qui se trouvent sur les frontieres de cet empire. Ce sont 
les debris mutilfe d*un monde d^pourvu d*annales qui pr^ceda la dispersion de la famille 
Indo-Germanique. Les races ante-historiques succomberent si completement dans les plaines 
de r Hindustan sous les coups des envahisseurs Aryens qu*elles perdirent tout souvenir de 
leur origine distincte comme peuple. Cependant, ainsi que j'ai essaye de le d6montrer dans 
mon livre intitule Annals of Rural Bengal, ces races ont affect^ d'une mani^re permanente le 
langage, la religion et la destin6e politique de Tagglomeration composite d*Hindous qu'elles 
concoururent k former en se fusionnant avec leurs vainqueurs. D'un autre c6t6 elles 
conserv^rent leur nationality intacte dans les montagnes et sur les plateaux Aleves qui abondent 
partout aux Indes ; et firent pendant des si^cles une guerre incessante aux populations des 
basses terres. Aryens, Affghans, et Mongols, les conqu^rants successifs de ce pays essay^rent 
tour k tour de les exterminer. Ce sont ces races que les Anglais s'efforcent aujourd'hui de 
rallier. Mais afin de leur donner les bienfaits de la civilisation, il est indispensable de les 
comprendre. De li le present volume qui, pour la premiere fois, met la race gouvemante en 
rapports directs avec quatre-vingt millions de ses sujets et de ses voisins d'origine non-Aryenne. 

Le but principal de mes recherches a done 6t6 essentiellement pratique : toutefois j'ose 
espdrer qu'elles ne seront pas sans utilitd au point de vue de la philologie. Cette science s est 
occup^e jusqu'ici presqu* exclusivement des idiomes Indo-Germaniques et Semitiques, c'est k 
dire du langage envisage dans une seule de ses phases, et non pas la plus int^ressante. 
L'^tude des langues non-Aryennes de Tlnde doit, j'en ai la conviction, aboutir au classement 
d'un vaste r^sidu linguistique (si je puis m'exprimer ainsi) ; elle fournira les bases d'une 
nouvelle science du langage, de m^me qu'il y a quatre-vingt ans I'^tude de Sanscrit aux Indes 
posa les fondements sur lesquels a €ti elevd le systfime de philologie qui a cours aujourd'hui. 
Dans la dissertation suivante, j'ai fait remarquer avec soin les erreurs et les inexactitudes 
probables de ce premier essai : j'esp^re pouvoir dliminer les unes dans une Grammaire 
Comparative des langues non-Aryennes k laquelle je travaille en ce moment J'abandonne 
le reste k la gen^rosit^ des savants qui ont pour leurs recherches ce loisir et cette connaissance 
complete des principes scientifiques dont on ne saurait espdrer de jouir lorsqu'on est plonge, 
comme je le suis, au milieu des soucis de la vie officielle aux Indes. 

Pour la commodity des savants d'Europe, mon vocabulaire est en Anglais, en Frangais, 
en Allemand, en Russe, et en Latin. Les synonymes Frangais sont places les premiers en 
tete de chaque page, et k la fin du volume on trouvera un index des mots appartenant k 
cette langue. 



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PR^FATIO LATINA. 



T N hoc libro linguas collexi tribuum et populorum, quot sanguinis Aryani non participes aut 
imperio Britannico apud Indos subject! sunt aut fines Britannicos accolunt. Monumenta 
sunt, disjecta sane atque dispersa, temporis obscuri et neque per literas neque per hominum 
memoriam noti, in quo nondum sede pristina diffuderat sese stirps Indogermanica. In 
campis quidem Hindusthaniae ita oppressae sunt ab immigrantibus Aryanis nationes, quae ibi 
antea habitaverant, ut generis diversitatem omnino oblitae sint : quamvis (quod in Annalibus 
meis Agri Bengalensis demonstrare conatus sum) linguam, religionem, rei publicae speciem 
apud Indos non minime affecerint ; Indi enim e vincentium cum victis commixtione progeniti 
sunt Sed inter montes et campos editiores, quales per Indiam undique exstant, immutati 
reperiuntur indigenae generisque sinceri. Bellum per saecula cum populis campestribus gesserunt ; 
neque uUi eorum, qui Indiam identidem debellaverunt, Aryani, Affghani, Moghulenses, montanos 
homines non exstirpare laboraverunt Angli e contrario nostris temporibus ad cultum atque 
humanitatem ducere student; quod si facere posse volumus, linguas eorum prius intelligendum 
est ; et primus in serie fastorum Indicorum liber meus quasi interpres in medium prodit inter 
dominos terrae et octingenties centena millia hominum alienigenarum, qui cum Anglis seu 
ditione seu vicinitate conjunguntur. 

Finem igitur ad quem maxime contendi utilitas hodierna est, et maxime in rebus 
civilibus ; sed valde spero aliquid Europaeae eruditioni contulisse. Hactenus vix nisi ling^is 
Indogermanicis et Semiticis incubuit philologia ; quae tamen omnes unius generis sunt, neque 
ejus, e quo quam plurimum disci potest Per studium linguarum non Aryanarum porta, ut 
credo, patebit in congeriem illam indigestam sermonis humani adhuc residui atque neglecti, 
cujus ad novam scientiam transibimus, non aliter quam ad scientiam, quae nunc est, philo- 
logicam per cognitionem linguae Sanscriticae ante octoginta annos admissi sumus. In dis- 
putatione, quae subjecta est, errores, quos suspicor, et vitia operis rudis atque imperfecti 
diligentissime exhibui : quorum aliqua tollere spero in Grammatica Comparativa sermonis non 
Aryani, cui nunc intentus sum ; cetera viris doctis et aequis relinquo, qui tempore longiore 
et scientia profundiore fruantur, quam inter distractiones civilium negotiorum ulli apud Indiam 
competit 

Quinque Unguis, ut commodo eruditorum Europaeorum inservirem, opus expressi, 
Anglica, Gallica, Germanica, Russica, Latina. Quintum semper in capite paginarum stat 
verbum Latinum ; et in fine operis indicem Latinum addidi ordine alphabetico exaratum. 



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aSortoort 

^n btefem Sud^e ^aU i^ bte ©prat^en ber ntd^t^arifcf^cn (Stammt unb SWfer gufammengcpcfft, bte inner^atJ 
bed britttfd^en Stctd^ed tn 3nbtcn ober an ben ©renjcn bejfdten tt)o^nem Sd jtnb jerflrcute fflrflt^fWcfe jienct 
fftfiortfd^ ntd^t \)erjctd^netcn SBctt, wcld^c bcr 3^^^P^^^ww«9 ^^^ tnbo^gennantfc^en 9tace tjorfferafng* Suf ben 
gtenen \)on ^tnboflan jtnb bte \)or^ijiorif(^en 3lacen ben arifc^en Sroberern fo ^ottjidnbig unteriegen, bag ftc 
jiebe (grinnerung i^rer etgenen 2l6fiammung t)erIoren ^abem ©te ^aten j[ebO(^, toit i^ in metnen Slnnaten bet 
2)orjIanbf(^aften Sengatend gu getgen \)erfu(^te, auf bte ©praij^e, bte Siefigton unb bte paatttc^e (Jttttt)t(felunfl 
bcr ^tnbud, bte and ber SBermtfd^ung gtptfd^en tt^nen unb t^ren ©roberem ^en)orfleflanflen jtnb, einen 
biettenben ©nflug audgefitt aber auf ben ga^Irrid^en ©ebtrgen unb ^oc^ebenen 3nb(ett« ffaben jie jid^ t|>rc 
yiationaiitat \)ottfianbtg er^atten unb rait ber fflet)6rterung bed gtad^tanbed wa^renb meffrerer ^a^x^mitxU 
fortoa^renb ^teg gefu^rt 

®te (ange 9tet^e tnbtfc^er Sroberer, Slrter, 8lfg^anen unb bie ©rogmoguW ^aitn abtped^felnb auf bte 
ajertttgung berfetben ^ingearbettet* 

2)te ©nglanber bemft^en fid^ jietgt jie fur ®e|ittung empfdng(t(^ gu mad&en, unb burc^ bad gegenwfirtige 
Su^ tt)trb gum erfien SWale in ber Oefd^td^te 3nbten« bte unmtttelbare aSerpanbtgung ber ^errfd^enben 9lace 
mit ad^tgtg SJ^tHtonen t^rer ntd^t^artfd^en Untert^anen unb 9Iad^bam angeflrebt 

DbiDO^t nun ber ^mptitvtd metner Unterfud^ungen ein rein j>raftifd^er war, barf i^ boc^ gu\)erjt(^tti(^ 
f!Ojfen, bag btefefben ber euro^>atfd^en @^>ra(^forfd[>ung \)on eintgem 9lutgen fein werben* 2)ie ©prad^wtjfenfd^aft 
^at fid^ Hi Jietgt faji audfc^tiegttc^ urn bie inbogemianifd^en unb bte femitifd^en ©prac^en, unb gwar in einem 
etngelnen, fetnedtt)egd bem te^rreid^fien (gnttt)tdfetungd==©tabtum berfetben befftmmert. 

2)ad ©tubtum ber ntd^t^artfd^en ©j^rad^en 3nbiend ip meined ©afflrl^attend bagu bejHmmt, bad xd^t 
no(^ ubrtge ©prad^materiat gu erfc^Iiegen unb bte ®runbtage etner neuen ©j)ra^tt)iffenf(^ap abgugeben in 
eben ber SQSetfe, wte \)or ad^tgtg 3a^ren bad ©anffritfhibium in 3nbiett bte Safid lieferte, auf mi^tx bad 
I'etgige ©j^rad^enfpftem berubt- 3n ber folgenben StbfianMung ^abe i^ bie STOdnget unb etttjatgen Ungenau* 
igfciten btefed ©runbrtjfed forgfdttig angegeben^ 

©ntge berfclben l^ojfe id) in einer t)ergtei(^enben Orammatif ber nic^t^arift^en ©pra^n, mit beren 
Sludarbeitung i6) jietgt befd^dftigt bin, gu befeittgen^ 

2)ad Uebrtge ilbertaffe id^ ber miften Seurtfieitung ber ©prad{>forfd^er, bie mit me^r SWuge unb 
fhrengerer aSSiffenfc^afttid^feit arbeiten, aU man fi^ unter ben Serufdgefd^dften bed ffleamtenlebend in 3^bten 
\)erfd^affen fann* 

3um bequemeren Oebraud^ fftr europdifd^e ©prad^freunbe tfl ben ©ngtifd^en ©firtern eine grang^fifc^e, 
2)eutfd^e, 3tuffif(^e unb ?ateinifd^e Ueberfetgung betgegeben* 3n bem Sotumnentitet Mt jiebedmal bad beutfc^e 
aaSort gu gweit, unb am ©nbe bed 95anbed befinbet ji(^ tin alp^abetifd^ed beutfd^ed Sergeic^ntg^ 



nPEABCJOBIE. 



B9 emou KHutrb coffpami mhoio RShinu He-apiancKuxTi napodoen u lueMentf, mueyWfXix^ en AuiM-uudrbUcKOMfi 
locydapcmeib ua^u na tpanutfoxTi eto. IJiMb oice eceto mpyda uaJtoMena mhow nodpoOm en MmuHCKOMn u HibMet^KOMn 
npeducjoeinxn nn neuy^ a omuffKu, KomopbiMn nodeepmem manoto poda mpydn^ yKoaami en paacyoicdeHiu, neno- 
cpedcmeeHUO cAibdyiow^Mn 3a npeducjioeieMn. ^aHt ydoffcmea pyccmxn uumameAeU, eeepxy Jtucma, cnpaea Ko^dmo 
auuiUcKmo cAoea, noMJbu^un eto pyccmU cuHOHUMny ebipaoKenubiU MimuHCKUMu dyneaMu na ckomko mo eoaMomm 
6au3ko npu pasHocmu aaffynn ; nn KOHVfy me mmu npuAomem aj^aeummiU ymsameM uxn. 



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CONTENTS. 



PART I.— DISSERTATION. 



I. Political, 
II. Linguistic, . 

III. General Conclusions, 

IV. Acknowledgments, . 



FACE 

I 

i6 
31 



CHAP. 



PART II.— DICTIONARY. 
PRONOMINALS. 



I. Numerals — One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, twenty, thirty, forty, 

fifty, hundred, .......... 33-47 

II. Pronouns — I, thou, he, she, it, we, you, they, mine, thine, his, our, your, their, this, that, 

which (r^.), who ? what ? anybody, anything, ...... 48-66 



III. Adverbs and Particles, in sdphabetical order. 



67-103 



ROOTS. 



IV. Nouns, in alphabetical order, 
V. Adjectives, in alphabetical order, 
VI. Verbs, in alphabetical order, . 



104-166 
167-194 
195-218 



APPENDIX. 



I. English Index, 
II. French Index, 

III. German Index, 

IV. Russian Index, 
V. Latin Index, 



220 
221 
222 
223 
224 



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NOTANDA. 



TRANSLITERATION. 

a = « as in cut ; i = <j as in card, 
i = ce as in meet ; / = ^ as in thee, 
« = ^t? as in boot; u-=^ ooz&m booth, 

SIGNS. 

Dual (1); Plural (*); Dual Inclusive (*); Dual Exclusive (*); Plural Inclusive (*); Plural Exclusive («). 

In Magyar, Turkish, Circassian, or Georgian, an asterisk (*) attached to a word indicates that it is 
obtained from the * Gentium Boreo-Orientalium Vuigo Tartarorum Harmonia Linguaruniy appended to 
^ A Description of the Northern and Eastern Parts of Europe and Asia^ written in High German by 
Philip John von Strahlenberg, a Swedish officer, thirteen years captive in those parts,' 4to, 1736, 463 pp. 
An author not always trustworthy. 

In Mongol and Mantshu an asterisk (*) indicates the same thing. The sign t marks an Ostiak 
word used by the tribes of the river Irtisch in Siberia; % marks Samoyedic words in use among the 
peoples living between the Yenesei and the Lena; § marks Tungusic words spoken by the races of 
the Tingus valley in Siberia; || indicate Tungusic or Lamuti words of Kamschatka. 



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DISSERTATION. 



I.— POLITICAL. 



A T the close of each year the British Governors of India deliver an account 
-^^^ of the provinces entrusted to their care. Their reports are mainly occupied 
with internal measures, and form monuments of sagacious humanity and the national 
genius for rule, which no Englishman can contemplate without patriotic pride. But 
from amid these records of the consolidation of long hostile races into a harmonious 
empire, one chapter stands out in painful contrast. It is the section which refers 
to the hill and forest peoples who surround the frontier and inhabit the interior 
table-lands and mountain ranges of India. No sooner does the narrative enter on 
this topic, than its whole spirit changes. The deliberate civil strength and calm 
knowledge which regulate the action of English Governors towards the population 
of the plains, give place to fitful and violent exertions of armed force. Calculations 
from ascertained social causes and effects are seldom attempted; the issues of any 
measure can never be foretold : the only policy discernible is a policy of emergen- 
cies ; and in place of the sedate forbearance towards the prejudices and weaknesses 
of the people, little appears save mutual indignation, outrages, reprisals, and a 
perpetual probability that each cold season will have its highland rising or frontier 
war. 

General statements are feeble when particular illustrations abound. It matters 
little which province is cited. No population ever made more rapid progress in all 
that renders life secure, and in all that renders life worth having, than the people 
of Lower Bengal between i860 and 1865; and the frontier history of this part 
of India is certainly not more unsatisfactory than that of its neighbours. The 
Administration Report for 1860-61 records our dealings with four hill races, two 
of them situated far within the British boundary. The narrative opens with 
'outrages perpetrated on British subjects by the people of Sikhim;' the second 
section is devoted to military operations against the Kukis; the third to military 
operations against the Garrows; the fourth relates the sequel of the previous 
season's military operations against the Cossyahs and Jynteahs. These form the 
entire record of our intercourse with the hill tribes during the year. But indeed 
the bare titles of the chapters — ^titles given, it must be remembered, by an official 
pesBk — sp^ik with sufficient deamess as to the character of our administration of the 



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DISSERTATION. [i.-political. 



highland races. The report for 1861-62 contains six short chapters. The first 
is headed, * The Cossyah Rebellion;' the second, * Riot in Nowgong;' the third, 
* Excitement in the Sonthal Districts ;' the fourth, * Disturbances in Sumbulpore ; ' 
the fifth, * Disturbances in Boad ;' the sixth, * Booteah Aggressions.' The report 
for 1862-63 again leads off with * The Cossyah Rebellion,' and is occupied by the 
invariable record of outrages and armed pacifications. Next year a lull occurred, 
but the British power received insults which could be wiped out only by a costly 
and sanguinary war. The report of 1864-65 accordingly opens with the Bhutan 
expedition, — an expedition memorable for its disasters not less than for its ultimate 
triumph ; the next section relates a raid into British territory by Tibetans ; the third 
is taken up with a narrative of murder and abduction in British territory by 
Nepalese ; the fourth, with disturbances in Munipur ; the fifth is headed * Naga 
Raids ; ' the sixth, ' Garrow Outrages.' 

Similar scenes repeat themselves with more or less frequency in every 
mountainous region of India. The wisdom of British administrators in managing 
the Hindus and Mussalmans of the plains, seems everywhere turned into folly when 
dealing with the hill and forest tribes. These tribes approach or exceed two 
hundred in number ; but an impartial historian could not review our intercourse 
with more than one of them with unmixed pride. It was once customary to lay 
the blame of our failure on the races, themselves; and, without doubt, tribes so far 
removed from us in their social necessities, habits of thought, and motives of action, 
are more difficult to deal with than a population which has so much in common 
with ourselves as the Hindus. Many of the hill races have approved themselves 
faithful allies, brave soldiers, and peaceful subjects under British rule ; and the 
administrators who know them most intimately, speak most enthusiastically of their 
manliness and love of truth. But in their political dealings with us, the element 
of certainty is always wanting. Individual officers can safely rely on them, but 
the Government cannot; and no length of contented industry or loyal service 
furnishes a guarantee against sudden risings which cover whole districts with flames. 

Indian administrators have accordingly become accustomed to accept the hill 
races as mysteries, and to look upon their movements, necessities, and animosities, 
as things beyond the range of political knowledge. But the essence of mystery 
consists in presenting the effect and concealing the cause. In dealing with the 
highland tribes, the English have constantly to witness startling results, whose 
reasons they are unable to perceive. The power of observing and interpreting 
social indications, by which officers rise to places of trust on the plains, finds no 
material to act upon among the mountaineers ; and frontier administrators are selected 
less for the qualities which anticipate and avert danger, than for the ready intre- 
pidity which disarms it. The truth is, the English have studied and understand the 
lowland population as no conquerors ever studied or understood a subject race. 



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Their history, their habits, their requirements, their very weaknesses and prejudices 
are known, and furnish a basis for those political inductions, which, under the 
titles of administrative foresight and timely reform, meet popular movements half- 
way. The East India Company grudged neither honours nor solid rewards to any 
meritorious effort to illustrate the peoples whom it ruled. Such efforts led to a series 
of discoveries which have rolled back the horizon of human knowledge, and brought 
out in clear relief the ethnical revolutions of a prehistoric world. They have 
proved that the population of India mainly consists of that Aryan or noble stock 
which has radiated from Persia to America and Australasia, and is now nearly 
co-extensive with civilised mankind. At an early period, it became known that 
another element had entered into the composition of the Indian people ; but an 
ignoble element, destitute of letters, of historical relationship, of religious conceptions, 
of all that renders the study of a race attractive, and for the most part buried away 
in forests fatal to European life. The very lustre of Aryan discoveries threw the 
non- Aryan peoples of India into a deeper shade. Practical usefulness and the 
gloss of fashion were for once on the same side; and European scholars crowded 
into a field in which every honest seeker might hope to find some ore, and kept 
aloof from pursuits in which they could look for little sympathy, and from which 
they expected no results. While a new science was being erected on the basis 
furnished by Sanskrit speech, the languages and the very names of the non- 
Aryan races remained unknown, and Government very properly kept its liberality 
for those studies which promised most fruit. Every year saw some research into 
Indo-Aryan history or speech munificently assisted ; but during the whole history 
of the East India Company, it is impossible to adduce a single effort to illustrate 
the non- Aryan tribes which received efficient support. Until very lately, and per- 
haps even still, before a man devotes himself to these races, he must make up his 
mind not merely to dedicate his private fortune to researches which yield no fame, 
but also to separate himself from the great sympathetic stream of European 
scholarship. 

The practical result now appears. English administrators understand the 
Aryan, and are almost totally ignorant of the non-Aryan, population of India. 
They know with remarkable precision how a measure will be received by the 
higher or purely Aryan ranks of the community; they can foresee with less 
certainty its effect upon the lower or semi- Aryan classes ; but they neither know 
nor venture to predict the results of any line of action among the non- Aryan 
tribes. Political calculations are impossible without a knowledge of the people. 

But the evil does not stop here. In the void left by ignorance, prejudice has 
taken up its seat; and the calamity of the non-Aryan races is not merely that they 
are not understood, but that they are misrepresented. We have gathered our notions 
concerning them from their immemorial enemies. Nothii^ can be conceived in a 



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more malignant spirit, than the epithets which ancient Sanskrit writers apply to them. 
The Brahminical religion has ever treated them as outcasts, hateful to gods and 
men ; and this traditional and superstitious abhorrence is kept in a glow by the 
actual necessities of the superior race. The Hindus are an increasing, and conse- 
quently an encroaching people. Their advances have to be made at the expense 
of. the hill and forest tribes ; and Aryan aggressiveness, mercantile or territorial, has 
been found to lie at the bottom of almost every non-Aryan rising whose causes 
have been carefully ascertained. Indian history, indeed, is one long monotonous 
recital of how the children of the soil have been driven deeper and deeper into 
the wilds. On the one side is contemptuous detestation, on the other sullen fury; 
yet frontier investigators have constantly to accept the slanders of the wrong-doers 
as their sole evidence touching the motives and character of the wronged. What 
sort of a notion should we arrive at of the Hindus, if our only data had to be 
gathered among the aborigines ? Of most of these unhappy tribes we have not a 
single portraiture by an impartial hand. The Indian newspapers catch and spread 
the infection. On more than one occasion, English journalists have so far for- 
gotten their characteristic tenderness to the fallen, as to insult the despairing 
bravery of hill tribes, to speak of a peasantry fighting for its homesteads as 'adult 
tigers,' and to propose, as a cure for well-grounded disaffection, the deportation 
across the seas of a whole race. Within the last fourteen years, Christian gentle- 
men have penned articles breathing a spirit scarcely less tolerant than that in which 
the early Sanskrit singers depicted the forest tribes as black, noseless demons, of 
squat stature, and inarticulate speech. 

The strongest proofs of our ignorance of the non- Aryan races, however, are 
to be found in the works of non-Aryan scholars. I shall cite two writers of 
unquestionable ability, with regard to whom my remarks cannot be misconstrued 
into hostile criticism. An admirable lecture, delivered in 1852 before the Royal 
Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, stated that a survey officer had 'lately 
discovered another tribe called Sonthals.' This newly found tribe, it should be 
observed, had occupied over thirty thousand square miles of British territory during 
more than half a century, numbered about two million people, had given new 
land-tenures to adjoining districts, and sent forth colonies to the north and to the 
east, one of which paid ;^68o3, in the single item of rent, to the British treasury 
in 1854, and contained at the period of their 'discovery' 82,795 souls. Yet the 
lecturer was perfectly accurate in speaking of this race — a race equal to the whole 
rural population of Scotland — as having just been brought to light. Four years 
later, this unknown race, goaded by wrongs which their English rulers had long 
failed to understand, and therefore neglected to redress, burst down upon the plains, 
and during five memorable months devastated the western districts with fire and 
sword. As soon as order was restored, their complaints were inquired into, and 



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found to be just. A new system was inaugurated, and they have ever since been 
the most contented of British subjects. A year ago, the sister society in Bengal 
put forth an elaborate volume, which endeavoured to bring together all that is 
known about the non-Aryan peoples. With regard to many of them, scarcely 
anything appears but their names. Of one important tribe — the Gonds of Bustar and 
the adjoining countries — the conscientious writer says : * We know very little except 
that they are extreme savages — black, ugly, barbarous, and dangerous.' Another — 
the Kherrias, whose very name, as will subsequently appear, is pregnant with 
information — are declared to be * a mystery even to Colonel Dalton,' the most 
laborious investigator which that section of the aborigines has had. 

But while learned men admit and deplore the absience of information, there is 
a class of writers who are not content to plead ignorance. If Government orders 
a report on the causes of a frontier raid, a report must be compiled. British officers, 
however, are scarcely ever able to converse with the offending tribes : no dictionary 
of their languages has been published, and all that can be found out about 
them comes through their natural enemies, the Aryan borderers. Extravagant 
calumnies thus attain to the dignity of State Papers, and are copied from one 
report into another. The more malignant and striking the caricature, the surer it 
is of a wide circulation, till, gradually gaining probability by unquestioned iteration, 
it becomes the materials by which our official dealings are regulated, and on which 
our political estimate is formed. When it is possible to place such reports side by 
side by the truth, the result is merely ludicrous; but it is not always possible to 
do so. And for one calumny that can thus be rendered harmless, a hundred wander 
forth unrefuted, poisoning public opinion, drying up our natural charity, and, it is 
to be feared, warping the British policy towards whole races. 

It is an invidious, although unfortunately easy, task to select particular 
instances. In 1854 a long series of misunderstandings and more or less mutual 
grievances culminated in a war with Bhutan. Here is the official account of the 
unfortunate race whom it was then found necessary to encounter, and whose 
untrained valour repelled for a time the resources of civilised war. The descrip- 
tion is a sufficiently striking one, and had been transcribed from one Report 
into another three times before it reached the State Paper from which I excerpt 
it. The interjections are its own. It sets out by stigmatizing the Bhuteas as 
' very quarrelsome and unsociable, as will be seen from their huts being isolated' 
forgetting that the barrenness of the hills and the necessities of hunting-tribes 
render large villages oh the Hindu plan impracticable. 'They are a very revenge- 
ful and sly race, seldom forgetting a wrong done them ; the greatest cheats and 
the most barefaced liars, I may safely say, in India ! Morality is not named 
among them : men and women occupy the same apartment ; after a day's work 
they assemble around one fire, with a large basin full of murwa (a spirituous 



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liquor made from the grain of the same name), which they suck up through narrow 
bamboo tubes, and eventually all fall about drunk, from the child to the grandsire, 
unable to rise till the following morning. The women seldom remain true to their 
husbands. They generally go from one to another, leaving the children, if there 
are any, with the father!' For this extraordinary picture the colours were mixed, 
we may be sure, by a lowlander's hand. 

It happens that this race is one of those on whom the light of Mr. Brian 
Hodgsons scholarship has glanced. He discriminates between two branches of 
the same family; the one considerably advanced in civilisation, the other still rude. 
With regard to the latter he thus sums up : ' They are, in fact, not noxious, but 
helpless ; not vicious, but aimless, both morally and intellectually ; so that one cannot 
without distress behold their careless, unconscious inaptitude.' Let the reader 
contrast this touching portraiture of the wildest of the unreclaimed tribes, with the 
above uncritical denunciation of the whole Bhutea stock; and from its successful 
calumnies on a people who have formed an object of anxious scrutiny during many 
years, let him judge of the bold flights of malignancy that are safely ventured upon 
in delineations of less known races. 

Thus ignorance begets misrepresentation, and misrepresentation brings forth 
bitter political fruits. The non-Aryan element, moreover, is not confined to the 
hills and forests; it enters largely into the composition of the people of the plains, 
in some places preponderating over the Aryan, and everywhere forming a thick 
solid substratum on which the Hindu population rests. Of the lowland aborigines,' 
where they have preserved their nationality, praedial slavery until recently formed 
the almost universal fate. In some parts of Southern India the intolerant provi- 
sions of Manu receive effect at the present day; and the aboriginal castes continue 
to live apart with their dogs and asses on the outskirts of the village, forbidden to 
pollute its streets with their processions or their dwellings, or to build any habitation 
less humble than a thatched mud hut. But in general the non- Aryans of the 
plains have merged in the composite community; and in my Annals of Rural 
Bengal I have endeavoured, at considerable length, to exhibit the ethnical 
compromises to which the Aryan element has had to submit, and to illustrate the 
permanent influence of the aboriginal races on the speech, the religion, the social 
institutions, and the political destinies of the modem Hindus. It has been my 
fortune to be brought in several capacities into unusually close contact with both 
the pure and the mixed non-Aryan population. As an officer for several years 
upon an ethnical frontier, I was deeply impressed with the almost imperceptible 
gradations by which the acknowledged non-Aryans of the highlands slid into the 
low-caste Hindus of the plain. When in charge of the treasury, I had means of 
learning that the hill races have affected the relation of landlord and tenant in the 
lowlands to an extent that has not even been conjectured ; and that non-Aryan 



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ideas of property, never recognised by the rulers, but immoveably rooted in the 
masses of Lower Bengal, had seethed and agitated, and irresistibly worked their 
way upwards, till they impressed themselves on our most conspicuous piece of rural 
legislation. As a magistrate, I came in contact with prejudices and traditional 
convictions, which, however unfounded they may seem to us, nevertheless amount 
to a sense of duty, and supply motives of action to millions of British subjects ; 
prejudices and convictions for which English criminal justice makes no allowance, 
yet which, as I shall show, sometimes affect English officers with a sense almost 
of sickness in administering the law. But it was when in charge of a jail on the 
ethnical frontier that I really learned of what the Bengali people is made up. In 
that little captive community each class found itself amply represented. Of four 
hundred prisoners, one-fourth came from the adjacent highlands, and brought with 
them the customs, superstitions, and speech of an aboriginal race. The main 
body consisted of the mixed semi-Aryan Hindus, from the low-caste which eats 
offal, to the husbandman who in meats and drinks walks after the pattern of the 
straitest Pundit. Brahmans formed the residue, and illustrated the various grada- 
tions in even the purely Aryan element. Men's characters come out in jail as 
they do on a long voyage; and the not unkindly relations between the prisoners 
and their non-resident head who sometimes shields them from the harshness of 
subordinates, whose tempers are tried and whose humanity is impaired by the 
details of prison discipline, brought me into contact with a hidden world of thought, 
feeling, and motive, which the ordinary intercourse of life would never have 
enabled me to reach. Subsequently, in a distant part of the province, it was my 
office to watch over the emigrants to the tea districts. Every week, bands of 
hill-men, driven by hunger from the western frontier, embarked for plantations in 
the extreme north-east They represented the overflowings of many races, and 
brought with them tales of disease and chronic starvation, to which their faces 
and bodies bore touching proof. Still later, when superintending Public Instruction 
in the south-western division of Bengal, I found that our efforts obtained an 
adequate success only in the lowland districts. I have had an opportunity of 
comparing these efforts with the working of State Education in France and Prussia ; 
and I am convinced that the Indian scheme is inferior, neither in its organization 
nor in its fruits, to the model systems of Europe, while it possesses a single- 
mindedness and an elasticity all its own. It performs as a solemn obligation a 
function that has never entered into the ideas or touched the conscience of any 
other conquering race. It sacrifices nothing of its educational efficiency to political 
purposes; it is looked upon by neither the rulers nor the people as an engine of 
government, but keeps itself with cold dignity to its own proper work, and is at 
diis moment increasing by one-third the civilised world In the Hindu districts, 
every important village or considerable collection of homesteads has, or will soon 



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8 DISSERTATION. [i.-political. 



have, an aided school. But within half a day's march beyond the ethnical frontier 
the scene changes : Government schools can hardly be planted, except in the local 
capitals, where colonies of Hindu officials and traders have sprung up ; and unpaid 
missionary zeal forms the only educational channel by which the State has found 
it possible to reach the aboriginal masses. In short, the population of India 
everywhere divides itself into classes : the preponderating Hinduized section 
including the whole upper and middle ranks in lowland provinces, with whose 
languages, habits, and necessities we are perfectly familiar, and to whom British 
rule is an unmixed blessing; and the aboriginal or semi-aboriginal residue, who 
form a dense unpenetrated substratum among the population of the plains and the 
sole inhabitants of mountainous or forest regions, — a residue of whose speech, 
feelings, and wants we know nothing, whom the English imagination has not yet 
reached, and for whom the security and prosperity of British rule have, by removing 
the previous checks on population, only intensified the struggle for life. 

Yet these unrealized races have capabilities, both for good and for evil, which 
it is impossible to overlook. For ages they have formed a difficulty which each suc- 
ceeding Government of India has been forced to face, and which no Government has 
been able to get rid of. The Mussalmans dealt with them as with wild beasts, 
but they have a tenacity to existence which wild beasts do not possess ; and the one 
sorrowful lesson of their history is, that they cannot be exterminated. The most 
that the Company hoped for, was to keep them quiet ; with what success, let the 
narrative of our dealings with any one among their races, or the events of any single 
year, attest. The problem which the Queen's Government in India is now called 
upon to solve, is to utilize them. From time to time, isolated administrators, 
touched by their miseries and rude virtues, have laboured to acquire their languages 
and to understand their wants ; but such knowledge has hitherto been the property 
of individuals, and has too often died with its possessors. Even when committed 
to paper, their researches remain buried in the Government archives, or form 
scattered and scarcely accessible monographs in the proceedings of learned societies. 
This book endeavours to render these perishable hoards of individuals the permanent 
property of the Government, and to place what have hitherto been matters of recondite 
scholarship, at the disposal of every Indian missionary or administrator who wishes 
honestly to do his work. 

Although we are chiefly acquainted with the non-Aryan peoples as frontier 
marauders and rebels, their capabilities for good are not unascertained. During 
the struggle between the worn-out Sanskrit civilisation and the impetuous prime 
of Islam, the Hindus discovered the value of the aboriginal races. Many chiefs of 
noble Aryan blood maintained their independence by such alliances; others founded 
new kingdoms among the forest peoples. To this day some of the tribes exhibit a 
black original section living side by side with a fair-skinned composite kindred sprung 



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from the refugees ; and the most exalted Hindu princes have to submit to a curious 
aboriginal rite on their accession to the throne. It was stated before the Royal 
Asiatic Society in 1852, that the investiture of the Rajput Rajah of Nerwar is 
not complete, till one of his purely aboriginal subjects, a Mina, paints a round 
spot on his forehead with blood freshly drawn from the toe of another Mina. 
Without this formal recognition, his non-Aryan subjects could not be depended 
upon ; when once it has been performed, their fidelity has never been known to 
waver. They form the treasury and palace guards, hold the personal safety of 
the prince entirely in their hands, and supply the sole escort to whom he entrusts 
the honour of his daughters when they go abroad. The Ranah of Udaypur, cited 
by General Briggs as the highest in rank of all the Hindu sovereigns in India, 
renders the same homage, however ill it may comport with his caste and personal 
dignity, to the traditions of his aboriginal subjects. Before he ascends the throne, his 
forehead must first be marked with the blood of a Bhil. The Hinduized chieftains 
of Central India receive investiture by the blood of a pure Kol ; and so strong a 
hold has this ceremony on the minds of the people, that among the Cheris — once 
a great tribe, who defended themselves with honour against Shere Shah and the 
Imperial army, now reduced to five or six families — the head of the little 
community is still installed under the title of Rajah, with the token of the round 
spot of warm aboriginal blood. 

But it is not the Hindus alone that have proved the loyalty of these neglected 
races. Scarcely a single administrator has ruled over them for any length of time, 
without finding his prejudices conquered, and his heart softened, and leaving on 
record his sorrow for their present condition, and his belief in their capabilities 
for good. But lest the traditional tenderness of the Indian Civil Service to the 
people should weaken the testimony of such witnesses, I shall quote only the words 
of soldiers — words publicly uttered and printed by veteran servants of the Company 
or Crown, and never contradicted or impugned. ' They are faithful, truthful, and 
attached to their superiors,' writes General Briggs ; * ready at all times to lay down 
their lives for those they serve, and remarkable for their indomitable courage. 
These qualities have been always displayed in our Service. The aborigines of the 
Carnatic were the Sepoys of Clive and of Coote. A few companies of the same 
stock joined the former great captain from Bombay, and fought the battle of 
Plassey in Bengal, which laid the foundation of our Indian empire. They have 
since distinguished themselves in the corps of pioneers and engineers, not only in 
India, but in Ava, in Affghanistan, and in the celebrated defence of Jelalabad. An 
unjust prejudice against them has grown up in the armies of Madras and Bombay, 
where they have done best service, produced by the feelings of contempt for 
them existing among the Hindu and Mahomedan troops. They have no prejudices 
themselves, are always ready to serve abroad and embark on board ship ; and I 



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lo DISSERTATION. [i.~political. 

believe no instance of mutiny has ever occurred among them.' Colonel Dixon's 
report, published by the Court of Directors, portrays their character with admirable 
minuteness. He dilates on their 'fidelity, truth, and honesty,' their determined 
valour, their simple loyalty, and an extreme and almost touching devotion when 
put upon their honour. Strong as is the bond of kindred among the Mirs, he 
vouches for their fidelity in guarding even their own relatives as prisoners when 
formally entrusted to their care. For centuries they had been known only as 
exterminators ; but beneath the considerate handling of one Englishman who 
honestly set about understanding them, they became peaceful subjects and well- 
disciplined soldiers. To the honour of British administrators be it said, the same 
transformation has taken place in many a remote forest of India; and I fear that, 
in pleading for the universal and systematic adoption of the policy which has pro- 
duced such brilliant isolated results, I may have too sparingly acknowledged many 
noble individual efforts. Every military man who has had anything to do with the 
aboriginal races, admits that once they admit a claim on their allegiance, nothing 
tempts them to a treacherous or disloyal act * The fidelity to their acknowledged 
chief,' writes Captain Hunter, * is very remarkable ; and so strong is their 
attachment, that in no situation or condition, however desperate, can they be 
induced to betray him. If old and decrepid, they will carry him from place to 
place, to save him from his enemies.' Their obedience to recognised authority is 
absolute ; and Colonel Tod relates how the wife of an absent chieftain procured 
for a British messenger safe-conduct and hospitality through the densest forests, by 
giving him one of her husband's arrows as a token. The very officers who have 
had to act most sharply against them, speak most strongly, and often not without 
a noble regret and self-reproach, in their favour. * It was not war,' Major Vincent 
Jervis thus writes to me of the operations against the race with which I am best 
acquainted, * they did not understand yielding ; as long as their national drums beat, 
the whole party would stand, and allow themselves to be shot down. . . . There was 
not a Sepoy in the war who did not feel ashamed of himself. The prisoners were 
for the most part wounded men. They upbraided us with fighting against them ; 
they always said it was with the Bengalis they were at war, not with the English. 
If a single Englishman had been sent to them who understood their wrongs, and 
would have redressed them, they declared there would have been no war. It is 
not true that they used poisoned arrows. They were the most truthful set of 
men I ever met' 

But why heap up evidence of experts touching a race whose virtues, like their 
defects, lie on the surface, and are noted in the diaries and itineraries of every 
passer-by. Bishop Heber knew nothing of their language or their history ; but their 
martial openness, their manliness, their skill as archers, and their habitual bearing 
of arms, could not escape him ; and his imagination, hitting the political truth 



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i.-poLiTicAL.] DISSERTATION. 1 1 

of their position nearer than the scholarship of that day divined, carried him 
back to Robin Hood and the forest communities who stood out against alien 
encroachments in the oaken fastnesses of England. 

The solution of the problem has ceased to be optional. The order and 
security which the Queen's Government in India has now imperiously imposed, 
have done away with those cruel checks upon population which seem to be 
natural and necessary among rude nations. A lowland raid used to be an 
event which came as punctually as the December harvest ; the whole tribe 
lived at the expense of their neighbours during the cold weather, and the 
loss of life incident to the annual holiday rendered their own scanty crops 
sufficient for the survivors during the rest of the year. But all this has now 
come to an end. Raids, although frequent, have ceased to be either a means 
of regular profit, or a drain upon the population steady enough to be depended 
upon. The people, therefore, are increasing, while their former means of sub- 
sistence have diminished; and the question of some systematic scheme of dealing 
with the aboriginal races has been removed from the languid domain of specu- 
lation, into the reddened arena in which political necessity and the promptings 
of self-preservation do their pitiless work. 

The remedies are two-fold. The first consists in supplying the place of 
the old sources of subsistence by new ones ; the second, in enabling the people 
themselves to augment the productiveness of such of the old means of sub- 
sistence as remain to them. 

I believe that, in attempting to apply the first remedy, the British are 
yet destined to find a solution for the two great difficulties of their position in 
India. Their first difficulty is a military one. A vast native army has to be 
maintained, and this army must be watched by another army with different 
interests and of a distinct race. The whole burden of supplying the surveillance 
at present rests upon the population of the British islands, — a population scarcely 
one-eighth of the Indian people, separated from India by the width of the globe, 
and by the repugnance which a northern nation has to exile in the tropics ; 
above all, a population who have so much assured comfort and so many 
avenues to distinction in civil life, as to render military service distasteful. 
The difficulty will increase to a yet unsuspected intensity, as the effects of 
co-operation among the lower classes, and of the present tendency of public 
opinion to a more democratic tone of government, begin to tell. Englishmen 
will never be wanting in the hour of England's need; but the dull work of 
holding India will continue, in spite of improvements in the condition of the 
soldier, to render the army more and more unpopular with working men. From 
this difficulty the aboriginal tribes of India hold out a means of relief In 
interest, in race, in religion^ in habits of life, they are cut off from the Hindus and 



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1 2 DISSERTATION. [i.-political. 

Mussalmans by a gulf of whose breadth the people of Christian States can form no 
idea ; and their ethnical repugnance is kept in a constant glow by the remembrance 
of ancient wars and recent wrongs. Sooner would the panther of their native 
forests herd with the fox of the lowlands, than the hill-men join with the Mussalmans 
or Hindus. Of the valour of many of their tribes, and that unquestioning fidelity 
and capacity for discipline which are the raw materials of soldiership, there is no 
question. It is not needful to add other testimonies to the opinions of the 
distinguished officers already cited ; for the part played by the aboriginal troops 
during the mutiny is fresh in every Indian statesman's memory. The brilliant 
actions of Cleveland's Hill Rangers, until enervated by disuse and want of discipline, 
are matters of history. One of their races, the Bangis, long claimed the honour of 
leading the forlorn hope in Mussalman sieges. As a military police, they are said 
to have proved invaluable in Mirwar, Candeish, and wherever they have been 
employed; and any magistrate in Bengal would rather meet a jail outbreak with a 
company of Mongolian-cheeked, squat Goorkas, than with a regiment of the 
tallest and highest caste Sepoys. 

It is not as if the experiment had not been tried. It has been tried again 
and again, and has always succeeded ; but routine and our ignorance of the 
aboriginal races have stood in the way of its systematic application. By extensively 
employing these tribes as a military police and as soldiers, we should not only 
relieve the English population of a burden greater than it can permanently bear, 
but we should offer a livelihood to brave predatory peoples, whom the stern order 
of British rule has deprived of an important source of subsistence. Their position 
presents a striking analogy to that of the Scottish Highlanders at the Revolution. 
A vast reservoir of warlike energy is constantly overflowing on a peaceful low- 
land people; energy which must find vent in some shape, and which has either 
to be directed against the Government or utilized by it During three hundred 
years, says Hill Burton, the philosophical historian of Scotland, the Stuarts had 
waged a war of extermination against the mountaineers in vain; to the present 
dynasty belongs the glory of converting bands of marauders into those disciplined 
battalions which have reaped honour on every English battle-field during nearly 
two centuries. The same problem has to be solved for the aboriginal races of 
India. Their military capacity and energy are undisputed : the only question is, 
whether this capacity and energy are to be to England a source of weakness 
or of strength. 

The second difficulty of our position in India is a mercantile one. The 
division of the population into labourers and employers has not taken the trenchant 
and uncompromising form that it has in England. Sparsely inhabited frontier 
provinces cannot be peopled from the lowland population, nor can public works of 
great size be accomplished by them. The aboriginal races supply the want of a 



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i.-poLiTicAL.] DISSERTATION. 13 

large labouring class among the Hindus. It is they who have constructed our 
railways, and who are at this moment creating, in tea cultivation, a new source of 
wealth to India, and a new field for English capital, whose magnitude it is 
impossible even yet to foresee. 

The other means of ameliorating the condition of the non-Aryan tribes, 
consists in enabling them to augment the legitimate sources of subsistence which 
remain to them ; in one word, to civilise them. For ages they have been unsettled 
predatory peoples, despising peaceful industry among themselves, and living as 
much as possible on the peaceful industry of their neighbours. The opportunities 
for depredation have ceased, but the contempt for steady industry remains. I do 
not permit myself even to glance at those noble and touching arguments which 
humanity and the Christian faith suggest for the reclamation of lapsed races. But 
looking upon the question as one of purely political utility, it seems that in the 
aboriginal peoples it is possible to find a counterpoise for the great Indian races 
to whom British rule is at best alien sway. The Hindus regard our accession but as 
a change of masters ; the Mussalmans hate us as conquerors, if not as tyrants. To 
the aboriginal races alone can we appear in the light of friends and deliverers. 
They have yet to start on the path of progress. It remains for us to decide 
whether that path is to lead them to Hinduism, or to the purer faith and civilisation 
which we represent. Even in their superstitions there is special ground for hope. 
Anything like conversion per saltum, or on a large scale, need not be looked for 
among races possessed of religious systems so venerable and so nicely adjusted to 
human instincts as Hinduism and Islam are to the Aryans and Mussalmans of 
India. We cannot reasonably hope to be the deus ex machina to peoples with 
such august supernal contrivances of their own. But the hill tribes are still in 
want of ever5rthing. Before the conservative inertia of Hinduism, the life of the 
most earnest Englishman is neither more nor less than a single wave that breaks 
upon the shore. But from the days of Cleveland downwards, every frontier of 
India can show some tribe whose destiny has been changed by the energy of 
individual British administrators. New crops, new villages, new habits, a new 
mode of life, and bloody rites exchanged for harmless social gatherings, — these are 
the memorials that any zealous Englishman may hope to leave of his labours 
among a forest people; and if we glance for a moment at that more solemn side 
of the human destiny which Indian administrators wisely regard beyond their 
province, there are instances of little aboriginal communities accepting Christianity 
in a body, as a protection against witchcraft and those implacable demons whom 
their fathers had for ages endeavoured to appease with human life. 

Our present ignorance of their notions and necessities, and their corresponding 
inability to understand our system of justice, lead to scenes which no Englishman 
can contemplate without sorrow. I cite only one instance. The same dread of 



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14 DISSERTATION. [l-politicai.. 

witchcraft which in skilful hands makes converts of whole villages, leads to the 
most appalling outrages. In 1857 the Ho tribes determined to pui^e themselves 
of the witches and sorcerers who had grown numerous under our rule. 'The 
destruction of human life that ensued/ says the official report, 'is too terrible to 
contemplate. Whole families were put an end to. In some instances, the destroyers, 
issuing forth in the dusk, and commencing with the denounced wizard and his 
household, went from house to house, until before the morning dawn they had 
succeeded in extinguishing, as they thought, the whole race.' For a massacre like 
this, perpetrated in a settled British district, scarcely a hundred and fifty miles 
from Calcutta, our system of justice could admit no palliative pleas ; but the 
evident good faith and pitiable ignorance of the criminals almost unnerved the 
officers of the law. 'The work of retribution was a sad task,' wrote Mr. Justice 
Campbell eight years later, 'but it was rigorously carried out. It was melancholy 
to have to condemn men who themselves artlessly detailed every incident of the 
crime with which they were charged.' 

But if our criminal system is sometimes harsh to the aboriginal races, our 
law of property seems to many of them wholly inexplicable. It is the characteristic 
of all their tribes, says General Briggs, to consider themselves the rightful owners 
of their ancient territory. If forcibly driven out, no length of illegal dispossession 
can bar their claim ; their title to plunder the ousters and to appropriate the crops 
is a precious heirloom that often forms the sole inheritance which one generation 
has to bequeath to its successor ; and this title the lowland borderers in many 
instances practically acknowledged by the regular payment of blackmail. The 
English, on the other hand, have been compelled to accept possession as a test 
of proprietary right in India to a degree unknown to the long settled jurisprudence 
of Europe. Obsolete claims of ownership have had but small effect in Indian 
courts, even when eloquently set forth ; and the almost sole answer which the 
aboriginal races have received to their inarticulate pleadings and forcible exertions 
of fancied rights, consists in burning a few of their villages, or in placing them 
under a ban, as the Angami Nagas were not many years ago, forbidding them 
to trade or hold any humanizing intercourse with the plains. 

If, instead of seeking refuge in the forests, these unhappy people submitted 
to the other alternative, and became serfs of the Aryan invaders on the land once 
their own, they nevertheless do not altogether lose their instinct of dominium in 
the soil. Their Hindu superior may load them with burdens, but under a native 
government he never ousts them from their hereditary' fields. The only way he 
can get rid of them is by heaping demands and oppressions on them, till they fly 
to the mountains or forests; and as native government keeps population so low 
as to render cultivators things to be sought after rather than to be driven away, 
the hardships of their position are theoretical rather than real, and one generation 



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i.-poLiTicAL.] DISSERTATION. 15 

after another contentedly repeats the rhythmical proverb, ' Bhagra dhani Raj ho, 
Bhumra dhani maj ho ;' * The Rajah or Hindu landholder is the owner of his 
share, but I am the owner of the soil/ The prosperity of British rule has trans- 
posed the relation of labour to land. Instead of there being more land than can 
be cultivated, there are more cultivators than can obtain land. Farms, therefore, 
have become a subject of keen competition; and, practically, rents can be raised till 
the poor hereditary tenant, with his rude notions of tillage, is forced off the soil. 
The theoretical position of the semi-aboriginal or low-caste substratum of the 
people threatened to become their actual one ; and it was not till agrarian agitation 
had shaken the whole rural economy of Bengal, that a remedy was found in the 
Land Law of 1859. The historian who calmly reviews that crisis, will acknowledge 
that the opponents of the measure, with the English Press as their mouthpiece, had 
the better of the argument, but that the measure itself was both salutary and just 
The truth is, that its necessity was visible to every administrator in rural Bengal ; 
but our ignorance of the aboriginal substratum of the population rendered it 
impossible to get at the fundamental causes. The aboriginal Celts of Western 
Scotland afford an analogy to the indigenous element in the Indian population, 
scarcely less striking in their territorial notions than in their military position; and 
I believe that the difficulty will only be solved by a compromise, not dissimilar 
in spirit to that which, under William and Mary, clan usages and the undefined 
patriarchal instinct, wrung from the iron feudalities of the Edinburgh College 
of Justice. 

It may seem that, in speaking so openly of a defect in the British admini- 
stration, I have forgotten that this book will travel out of England. But the 
English in India can well afford to have the whole truth told. Their difficulties 
are the difficulties incident to progress and good government, and could never 
have arisen, under the domination of any other conquering race. I do not cite 
the French in Algiers, or the Russians in Western Asia; for the exigencies of 
military nations in such positions are necessarily more cruel than those of a 
people to whom God has given the English instinct for colonial rule. Nor is 
more than a passing allusion required to the Dutch in Java, who have lately 
so far mistaken their interest and their honour, as to suppress a book by one of 
their own servants, setting forth specific defects in their Eastern policy. But let 
England's dealings with the Indian races be compared with the same country's 
conduct towards the aborigines of the New World. I have beside me the whole 
series of charters granted to the American colonists. I find there the well-set 
phrases of habendum, tenendum, et reddendum, elaborate mention of mines, forests, 
fisheries, law martial, oaths, wills and domicile, ample securities for the liberties of 
die settlers, and exhaustive saving-clauses of the claims of the English Crown ; 
but I look in vain for any effid^it provision for the rights of the people of the 



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i6 DISSERTATION. [h.-linguistic. 

land. Our children in America have inherited our policy; and the two systems 
have borne their fruits, in that sympathy with native feelings and sensitiveness in 
the discharge of self-imposed duties, which form at once the difficulty and the 
glory of the British administration of India, and in that tale of oppression and 
blood recently told by the United States Mixed Commission, whose official 
language no white man can read without a flush of personal remorse and shame. 

The aboriginal peoples of India have only to be realized by the British 
Government, to obtain justice at its hands. In a former work I endeavoured 
strongly to individualize a single one of their tribes, and to place in bold relief its 
ethnical peculiarities, its social necessities, and political capabilities for evil or for 
good. In this book I have hastily and imperfectly brought together materials out 
of which a comprehensive view of the whole may be constructed. Abler hands 
than mine will build the edifice; for to the Indian official, scholarship and literary 
graces are as nothing, excepting in so far as they enable him to understand and 
to interpret the people. In the Grammar now in progress, I hope to supply a 
more accurate basis upon which European philology may work ; but these vocabu- 
laries, notwithstanding their defects, will henceforth enable every frontier administrator 
to hold direct communication with the races committed to his charge. 

If any such Englishman has lost heart amid the daily vexations of dealing 
with a lapsed people, and takes the Sanskrit view of the incapability of the so- 
called Serpent Races for better things, let him ponder for a moment on the destiny 
that awaited the naked, tattooed savages whom Roman mariners found bur- 
rowing in the earth, and offering human sacrifices to unknown demons, in Cornwall, 
— a part of whose island, as Procopius had heard, was peopled with snakes, and 
sent up poisoned vapours which no man could breathe and live. Or, resting his 
eye upon a more historic time, let him remember how, not two hundred years 
ago, Lauzun officially described Ireland to the French Court as a chaos such as 
he had read of in the book of Genesis ; and the keen eyes of Desgrigny could 
detect in the progenitors of the brilliant Irish nation, only a people hopelessly 
stupid and brutal, — a race of a noble physical type indeed, but insensible alike to 
praise or blame, and devoid of the common characteristics of human beings. ' Si 
bestes qu'ils n'ont presque point d'humanit6. Rien ne les emeut. Les menaces 
ne les estonnent point. L'interest meme ne les peut engager au travail' 



II.— LINGUISTIC. 

But while the original purpose of these researches was a purely practical and 
administrative one, I am not without a hope that they may yield some philological 
fruit. I am aware that, for scientific purposes, the roots of speech afford a less 



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ii.-LiNGuisTic] DISSERTATION. 17 



trustworthy basis than its structure ; and I am but too painfully conscious of the 

defects in the materials which I now submit. Some of these defects were inevitable : 

for in any attempt to set forth the multitudinous and widely separated tongues of 

India and High Asia, the labour must be done by many hands, and with many 

different shades of competency; nor can the editor at the centre hope, except in 

a few languages, to have the means of checking the work. But many of the 

blemishes of this book cannot plead this excuse, and are due to my own want of 

time and limited knowledge. A few months ago, I had no present expectation of 

putting forth these vocabularies ; but on the eve of departing for the East, several 

scholars urged the inexpediency of again subjecting my collection to the chances 

of Indian service ; and the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland was 

pleased to solicit Government to retain me in this country, to bring out the work. 

Special leave of four months was allowed for moulding the materials into their 

final shape, passing the book through the press, and returning to India. Had the 

work been done more slowly, it would have been done better ; but the nature of 

the materials forbade hopes of a high degree of perfection ; and, on the whole, it 

seemed better to do it as best I could, than to risk the chance of never having 

an opportunity of doing it all. 

No available means have been left untried, however, to secure the maximum 

of accuracy that my opportunities permitted ; and the zealous co-operation of the 

scholars whose kindness I shall afterwards acknowledge in detail, has resulted in a 

degree of completeness far beyond what I had dared to hope for. In the case of 

a few of the languages, dictionaries have already been published in an independent 

form, and I have not always been able to test my lists by comparison with them. 

But in many instances several lists of the same language were in my possession, 

and the vocabulary as now printed has been arrived at after careful examination of 

them all. Some of the vocabularies, indeed, represent several dialects of the same 

tongue : thus the Gondi is pieced together from three separate lists ; the Sgau- 

karen, as given by the Secretary to the Mission to Ava, includes the results arrived 

at by four different collectors ; and although in the Tibetan I have not been able 

to copy direct from the original source, the list as now given has been educed 

from five of Mr. Hodgson's vocabularies, based, I believe, either wholly or chiefly 

on the researches of De Koros. In two instances, on the other hand, separate lists 

represent either the same language, or varieties so close as to seem scarcely 

deserving of separate places. The first is the Toduva and Todu ; the second, 

the Malabar. But after weighing Mr. Caldwell's statements in his Dravidian 

Grammar^ and the considerations which Dr. Rost kindly urged in correspondence, I 

thought it better to give Malabar a distinct place, as the vocabulary which passes 

under that name was collected at a period sufficiently remote to allow of dialectic 

changes between it and the language as now spoken. In this view, it is proper 

c 



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i8 DISSERTATION. [ii.-linguistic. 



to add, Professor Max Miiller coincided. The process of construction has often 
been very intricate. The Mantshu and Mongolian lists, for example, were begun 
by myself, and carried half-way by Mr. Halkett of the Advocates' Library in Edin- 
burgh, working on the materials afforded by Remusat, J. Schmidt, Klaproth, 
Gabelentz, translations of the New Testament, and of the Ts'ing Wan K'e Mung 
(Shanghai, 1855). A small part was added by a reader in the British Museum 
employed for that purpose, and the whole was completed by the Rev. Charles 
Malan of Broad Windsor. For the Japanese, again, I had to begin with only a 
meagre vocabulary printed in Yokohama, and kindly forwarded to me by the Right 
Hon. E. Hammond, of the Foreign Office. To this. Dr. Rost, the learned Secre- 
tary to the Royal Asiatic Society, added a partial list, compiled, I believe, from 
Mr. Medhursfs work (Batavia, 1853); and a complete vocabulary was ultimately 
drawn up by Mr. Von Siebold, of Her Majesty's Embassy in Japan. These are 
fair examples of how many of the lists were done ; and so complex a process of 
construction no doubt opens a door for inconsistencies and errors which might have 
been avoided had it been possible for me to do them all from my own knowledge. 

It may well be conceived, moreover, that, in a dictionary which is the work 
of so many hands, it was impossible to secure absolute uniformity in transliteration. 
This difficulty had partly been got over, however, by Mr. Hodgson, from whose 
lists my book is principally compiled ; and with scarcely an important exception, the 
vowel sounds are regularly represented by the letters set forth in a subsequent 
page. Short accents and accents over diphthongs are seldom used, saving in the 
Chinese dialects, in which I had to yield to the necessities of the case, and in 
the Finnic. To some it may seem that the Russian should have been also exempted 
from the rule ; but to do this, the accents would have required a different meaning 
in that language from what they have in all the rest, and no system could have 
perfectly rendered Slavonic words in the English alphabet. It seemed best, there- 
fore, to follow the analogy of transliterations from the Greek, and print the Russian 
in plain capitals. This plan will be sufficiently clear to those who know the 
language, and it was scarcely possible to render the Slavonic sounds intelligible to 
those who do not. 

The attempt to represent tones was, after mature consideration, given up. 
Of the consonants little need be said, except that I have not ventured to improve 
the apparent accuracy of the book by a manufactured uniformity. The temptation 
to do so has presented itself on every page. The letters d, d, r, for example, and 
particularly d and r, are very often used indiscriminately, some of the compilers 
of the lists writing d generally as r, others putting d instead of d. The truth is, 
that a European ear can only after careful training catch these Indian niceties of 
sound. If, indeed, d be not in reality the proper r sound of the non-Aryan 
races of India, and adopted into the Sanskrit alphabet from their speech, at any 



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ii.-LiNGuisTia] DISSERTATION. 



19 



rate I thought it better, even when it might be clear which was the correct form, 
to print the words as they stood in my MS. lists, than, for the sake of appearances, 
to venture on corrections from analogy. The same thing might be remarked 
regarding the length of vowels. It seems unlikely enough that *eye' should be 
t& in Siamese and td in the three cognate languages, Ahom, Khamti, and Laos ; 
or that 'father' should be appu in Ho (Kol), dpung in Kol (Singhbhum), dbd in 
Rajmahali, and abbd in Khond. It would have been easy enough to accent these 
words in the same way, but it would also have been dangerous to do so. Thus, 
seeing that the middle syllable in upiinia (four) is short in Bhiimij and Kol 
(Singhbhum), it might seem safe- to infer that upiinia in Ho (Kol) is an inaccuracy 
of the transliterator. But in this, as in many other words, a more extended view 
discloses traces of a real lengthening and shortening of vowels in cognate dialects. 
Thus we have upnia, shortest of all, in Mundala ; upiima, one stage longer, in Kol 
and Bhumij ; upiinia, a second stage, in Ho ; and ponea, the last and longest vowel 
form which u can assume, in Santali. An honest acknowledgment of uncertainty 
seemed preferable to a fictitious uniformity ; and the only instances in which I 
ventured upon corrections in languages of which I was ignorant, were such substi- 
tutions as i for ee and u for 00, where I had ascertained that these were their 
real sounds. Even the Annamitic ay (== e) has been left as I received it. Mani- 
fest misprints or errors of the transcriber, however, have been set right or marked 
with a point of interrogation. Thus, Mr. Hodgson's Garo list gives for * fifty' 
rung-ningy which really means two-scores. I have changed it to the right word 
rung-ning-chiy two-score-ten, like rung'Sha-chi, thirty, Le, one-score-ten. The reader 
should remark that d, cf, and r; t and t; n and n; /, /, and zh, are frequently 
confounded. 

This confusion I chiefly regret, because it has rendered it unsafe to complete 
what I had hoped would form the most important feature of the book, to wit, a Table 
of Non-Aryan Phonetic Changes. I expect, however, to be enabled to present 
this in a trustworthy form in my Comparative Grammar, and to exhibit a series of 
consonant changes of a novel character, and at the same time not less instructive 
and reliable than those of Indo-Germanic speech. A very curious illustration is 
to be found in the substitution of / for the sibilant and aspirate. The languages 
of Southern India delight in a sound most correctly expressed by zh, but under- 
stood to be / by the untutored ear, and represented in works of scholarship by /. 
Thus Tamil is properly Tamizh ; Tuluva, Tuzhuva, etc. Now it appears that in 
non-Aryan speech / sometimes takes the place of zh, sy, s, j\ or other sibilant. 
Thus, to go no further than the numeral four, si, Siamese, etc., becomes /i in the 
Karens ; zh\ Bhutani, becomes /i in the Lepcha pha-li, pha being a mere prefix, 
as pha-Uy io\xt—pha-gnon, five ; zhyi, Serpa, becomes le in Siinwdr ; and in the 
Kirditti gncHip die / c^npletdy supersedes the s. Many instances might be cited, 



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20 DISSERTATION. [ii.-linguistic 

as loddi, Chentsu, for * water/ for jhodi in Gayeti, or jodi in Khond ; * or Idng-bo 
in Serpa, etc., * elephant* for siang, Chinese, probably through the Tibetan glang-chen 
or lam-boche. No instance of this occurs in Indo-Germanic languages, but r some- 
times represents s, and / and r are semi-vowels produced by the same physiological 
process of articulation, and the one sometimes stands for the other in Aryan speech. 
Thus the typical Indo-Germanic / becomes r in Zend. Until a Table of Phonetic 
Changes is constructed, and its laws ascertained, researches into non-Aryan speech 
will remain destitute of the exactitude of Indo-Germanic philology ; and the present 
discourse, avoiding anything like generalization, merely endeavours to throw out a 
few hints which may assist the student of the Lexicon. 

For I am much mistaken if the scholar's eye will not decipher upon many 
of these pages a history far more ancient and not less legible than anything that 
can be educed from the legends of Greece or Rome, or the rock -inscriptions of 
India. Chinese has hitherto been looked upon as a language standing by itself, 
devoid of ethnical kindred or linguistic alliances. But in spite of its inexactitudes, 
this book proves that China has given its speech not merely to the great islands 
of the Southern Ocean, but to the whole Eastern Peninsula, to Siam, Tenasserim, 
Burmah, in a less degree to Central Asia, to many of the Himalayan tribes, and 
to some of the pre- Aryan peoples of the interior of India. Take in the first case 
the two numerals in which accidental resemblances are least likely to occur. * Three' 
in Chinese is san (Nankin) or sdm (Canton) : a constantly changes into u in 
non-Aryan speech, in the same way as u sometimes takes the place of the Indo- 
Germanic a in Gothic, Old High German, Slavonic, and Lithuanian, and of d in 
Italian, while its lengthened form o appears in place of the typical a or rf in every 
one of the Aryan families excepting Sanskrit and Zend. Bearing this in mind, let 
the reader turn to page 35, and he will find that the Chinese san or sdm has 
furnished the third numeral not only to Japan, Siam, Tenasserim, Burmah, Eastern 
and Northern Bengal, Nepal, the Himalayan tribes, and Tibet, but that it also 
seems to appear in the Mantshu sfanga (respecting which I am doubtful whether 
it should not be ssangd) and ilan (/ replacing s in the latter word), in the thunga 
of the tribes of the Yenisei (cf Burman, thong), the ssuum of the Dalai-Lama 
Kalmuks, and even in the sam-i of the Georgian and the han-ku {h=is) of the 
mountaineers of the Caucasus. Let him then pass to p. 41, and remembering that 
g constantly represents k, and in its turn is softened to / and y, he will discover 
the Chinese kiu, chiu, or kau running through the whole of the non-Aryan 
languages of Japan, the Eastern Peninsula, Tibet, the Himalayas, and Northern 
and Eastern Bengal. The same thing may be said of * I,' p. 48, from which it 
would seem that the Javanese also, and indeed the whole Malay race, obtained 
their first pronoun from the Chinese. {JVo=ngo ; ngo=go ; go=Jiu, leaning on d.) 

A very few examples from the nouns will suffice. Mzng, the Chinese for * name,' 



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ii.~LiNGuisTia] DISSERTATION. 2 1 

p. 146, appears to have furnished the first step in social polity, to wit, the act of 
distinguishing individuals and objects by distinctive designations, to the Tibetan and 
Himalayan groups, to the Siamese, the Burmese, the Nepalese, the Bhutanese, the 
Nagas of Eastern Bengal, the Dhimals, Bodos, and Garo hill-men, who have clung 
to their original word thousands of years after being surrounded by Aryan synonyms. 
The same may be said of the term for that much higher stage of civil organiza- 
tion represented by the village — ^the highest, indeed, which the non- Aryans in India 
seem ever to have attained. Thus, p. 163, Chinese, hsiang, hiang, hiun-sidy heong ; 
Tibetan, thong ; Nepal, Kiranti, teng; Tablung and Mfthan Ndgd, tying and ting ; 
Pwo-karen, twan ; Bhutani and Lepcha, kyong ; Pahri, ^(^«; Kuswar,^i^^; Garo, song ; 
Miri, long or lung in du-long and du-lung ; Vayu, lung in mu-lung. Amid many 
variations, the original word every now and again comes in divested of phonetic change. 
Thus, Nankin, hiang ; Bhramu, hdng in hang-dung ; and with the slight and common 
change of g for h, the same word supplies the universal term by which the 
low-caste semi-aboriginal population of Southern Bengal speak of their homesteads, 
to wit, gdng or gdong. If these two words existed by themselves, they might be 
hypothetically derived from the Sanskrit grdma ; but when viewed as natural links 
in a long chain, their origin ceases to be a matter of doubt, and points unmistake- 
ably to a land far to the north-east of the Himalayas. To take two names for 
the commonest of natural objects. * Water' in Chinese, p. 164, is shui; in Tibetan, 
chhti ; in the Nepalese dialects, chhH, kyU, kH, chUwd, clidwd, dwdy wd ; in Bhutani, 
chhH; in Dhimal, chi ; in Garo, chdka; in Deoria Chutia, //; in the Nagas, z% tsU, 
til; in Shou, Kdmi, etc., tHi ; in Bodo and Kachdri, dot; in the- Karens and 
Toung-thu, hti, thi, or ti. H is frequently represented by m: as, for example, 
p. 169, * black' — Chinese, hak; Newdr, haku ; Diimi, mak-chupu ; Bdldli, mak-thropUy 
etc. Bearing this in mind, and turning to p. 123, the word for *fire' will be found 
running through the whole of the languages of High Asia, Northern Bengal, and the 
Eastern Peninsula, down to the Archipelago, bare of accidental wrappings, and 
with a distinctness not to be hoped for in Aryan speech. Thus : Chinese, Amoy, 
he; Japanese, hi; then passing through several aspirated stages — such as Thdksya, 
hme; Magar, mhe — into me or mi, it appears without further change in every group. 
The proofs, indeed, are wonderfully complete. Thus, as the he of the Amoy 
dialect becomes me in India, so the Shanghai hu reproduces itself in mu, 
Thulungya. Again we find the h of four of the Chinese dialects giving place to 
the soft labial / in the fifth — Canton, fo — which in its turn reproduces itself in the 
Siamese, Ahom, Khdmti, and Laos. There are also indications of this soft labial 
hardening into a mediate one, hp: thus, Siamese, etc., fai ; Shdn, hpihn ; and 
ultimately, as it would appear, standing out the sharp, clear labial /, leaning on the 
customary vowel prefix, in the Malay api. 

Passing to the domestic animals, it would almost seem as if roots could be 



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22 DISSERTATION. [ii.-linguistic 



detected which are common to both the Aryan and non-Aryan languages of mankind. 
Thus, p. 113, the strong Aryan root for 'cow* is^<^, which appears not less strongly 
in the Indian than in the Germanic branches of Aryan speech. The strong non- 
Aryan root appears in the Canton ngau, which becomes gH in the Amoy; gno 
in Bhufani, Khdmti, Laos, etc.; gnd in the Manyak gnd-zi ; gau in the Karen 
gau-pemo, etc. ; gou in the Kol family; gwah in Thochu ; ga in the Thdru gd-ye; 
gyai in Diimi ; gai in the Himalayan dialects, the tongues of Central India, and in 
the universal low-caste patois of Bengal. Again, by a common phonetic process, 
g softens in h — as gti, Amoy ; hu, Ahom : ^ in its turn hardens into ph — as phou, 
Toungh-thu ; phd, Tibetan, in the spoken dialect pkd-chuk. Ph becomes b, as in 
written Tibetan, bd ; Takpa, bah; Chourdsya, bia; Siinwdr, Diimi, etc., bt. B by 
a regular rule becomes /, as in Rodong, //, p{Uy pa ; Dhimal, pid ; and this form 
appears through all the sub- Himalayan dialects. It may be an accident that the 
semi-aboriginal husbandmen of Beerbhoom call their oxen beil, and that the 
Bask mountaineers of the Pyramees — ^who frequently drop the letter /, as in belarri 
or bearriy ear — designate a cow, bet ; but there can be no accident in the circum- 
stance that the Aryan and the non-Aryan root for 'cow' is so similar, that it 
requires the utmost care in pronouncing whether the primitive races of India 
obtained their word gai from a Sanskrit or a Chinese source. A similar difficulty 
exists in deciding whether these peoples have taken their term for 'dog,' p. 116, 
from the Chinese kau (Shanghai, k'eu; Sdk, ka) or from the Sanskrit kukkura ; 
and without laying any stress on the similarity of the Arabic kelb with the sub- 
Himalayan khleb, kheb, etc., which like our own whelp may be accidental, I can 
safely affirm that the pages of this book point to primeval roots common to both 
Aryan and non-Aryan speech, in a far more definite manner than the similar indica- 
tions by which scholars have sought to reduce the Semitic and Indo-Germanic 
families to a cognate source. It is right to add — ^and the phenomenon may pass 
for what it is worth — that not only the common substitutions, but the most curious 
and least accurately ascertained of the Aryan phonetic changes, are reproduced in 
the speech of the Himalayan and Indian aborigines ; and one of the most impor- 
tant features of my Table of Non-Aryan Consonant Displacements will be an 
examination of the interchanges of g, h, ph, f, strangely analogous to the Digamma 
discussions which have gathered round the glosses of Hesychius. 

It is unnecessary to multiply analogies which this book enables every student 
to find out for himself The Indian aborigines and the Chinese obtained from a 
common source not only their terms for common natural objects, and for the civil 
institutions of a primitive race, but also a part of the nomenclature of tillage, and 
even such terms of civilisation as 'road.' Thus, p. 166, the Chinese for 'yam' is 
ta-shHy literally ta, great, and shU, tuber. ShU becomes chU in the Shanghai dialect, 
and appears as tsu in Japanese; chuva Tengsa Ndga; cho in Denwar; zo in Horpa; 



b£^ 



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ii.-LiNGuisTic] DISSERTATION. 



23 



sOy sHy or sd throughout the whole Nepal ; /to, hd, khti, kkd, in North-Eastem Bengal, 
and down the frontier through all Burmah and Siam to the extremity of the 
Peninsula. Again, the Horpa zo is directly represented by do and tho of the 
cognate Tibetan, as sd and hd of the dialects on the south of the Himalayas are 
by the Bodo thdy and it seems questionable whether the non-Aryan replacement of 
the sibilant by / does not give us the word used in modern Sanskrit — dlu. Thus 
compare the Tengsa N&g4 chu, Nowgong N4g4 shiy with the Sibs^gar Miri d-lie, 
the Kocch, etc. d-lu (the /, appearing bare of its prefix in the Dhimdl ling, as alu, 
Kdmi and Kiimi, for * head,' appears in Khyeng and Mru in its plain form Iti). 
A similar connection, allowing for ascertained phonetic changes, between the Chinese 
and the non- Aryan languages of India can be established in the single tree given 
in my lists, to wit the plantain, p. 149; and the typical non- Aryan root for *road' 
has withstood, during thousands of years, a vast phalanx of Sanskrit synonyms 
among the whole aboriginal races of High Asia, Bengal, and the Eastern Peninsula. 

This is not the place to investigate the relations of individual groups and 
dialects, but I cannot pass from the subject without referring to the materials which 
exist for comparing Mongolian and Mantshu with the Chinese and the Indian 
dialects. I do not refer to isolated phenomena, like the Sokpa colony of pure 
Mongols, but to distinct series of analogies, such as — Mongolian, ^^r, hand, p. 129; 
Sokpa, kar ; Diimi, khar or khur ; Dhimal, kkur ; or Mongolian, gJial, fire, p. 123; 
Sokpa, kwal; Garo, waL In words like 'father' the one root is probably common 
to all mankind, but the analogy in the case of the Mongolian and Indian dialects 
is peculiarly close. Thus, Mongolian, abu ; Newar, abH; Thdksya, Giirung, 
Lepcha, abo ; Chourdsya, Bdhingya, Angdmi Ndg^, Kol, etc., apo or apa ; and 
aba or apa in as many others. Such instances as Finnic, puu, 'tree,' p. 162, Magyar 
pa, Mongolian (Ostcack) pu, Deoria Chutia pcpon (a reduplicative), Singpho p/iun, 
Mfthdn Ndgd and Garo pan, Sdk pUng-pang (a reduplicative), Bodo phdng, etc., serve 
to point out a path to generalizations which, in the absence of a comparative 
grammar, it would be unsafe to enter upon. But indications of analogy in structure 
are not wanting, even in the most distant branches of non-Aryan speech. Thus 
the Finnic particle of negation is E-, the inseparable prefix which appears in en, ei, 
e-pa, etc., and which probably furnishes the basis of the Bask ez. It would 
scarcely deserve notice that some of the non- Aryan races in India employ a 
similar particle — e.d, Lohorong, /; Santali, e-to — ^were it not for a resemblance 
between the inflections of the negative verb in the first and third persons. Thus, 
Finnic, ist person, e-n ; 2d, e-t ; 3d, e-i: Santali, e-to4n, or e-to-ing; 2d, e-io-m ; 
3d, e-to-i. It is beyond the scope of the present work to examine whether this 
resemblance be apparent or real. 

Passing from the exterior relationships of the non- Aryan peoples of India 
to tiieir internal polity, I propose to confine my attention to a single group 



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24 DISSERTATION. [h.-linguistic 



of the non-Aryan tribes, — the group, that is, of which I can speak from intimate 
personal knowledge. It has been customary to represent researches into the 
non-Aryan peoples as necessarily devoid of comprehensive political results, from 
the isolation in which each race dwells, and its incapability of organization for 
imperial purposes. But unless I have greatly deceived myself, proofs can be 
brought forward to show that these now scattered and disjected fragments once 
formed a great ethnical entity, such as might have produced in prehistoric times a 
civilisation, a history, and a faith of its own. 

Many of the non-Aryan peoples of India take their tribal designations from 
the word for 'man' in their respective dialects. Thus the Rajmahalis call themselves 
the Mdlis, and the very general term mi (man) supplies the basis of the race-name 
to not less than forty ascertained tribes. It generally appears a compound; mi fur- 
nishing the generic idea of komOy and a differentia being obtained from some 
prefixed and suffixed syllable. Thus, to quote only races whose vocabularies will 
be found in the Lexicon, the Dii-mi, Kd-mi, Kii-mi, Ang4-mi Ndgi, Ml-th4n N4gd, 
and if we recognise the non-Aryan phonetic displacements of m and / and / and r, 
the list could be indefinitely increased. Indications of such displacements appear 
even from the single word under examination — thus, p. 139, Sak lu, Toung mrH, 
Miirmi m{, Thdksya mli; and the root li affords the generic term hoTno to a whole 
series of tribal names. Thus, B414-li, M4-li, Dhimi-li, Santd-li, Bangd-li, etc., 
meaning the B4ld people, the Dhim4 people, the Bangi people, and so forth. 
The specific term for 'man' among the section of the aborigines to which I propose 
to confine my attention is ha or ho, lengthening through the Visaraga into hah, 
has, had {har), hod {hor). In Santali I have given all the forms as they co- 
exist at the present day. This word ho seems, like other roots in the languages 
of Central India, to have come from a common origin from the khon, khun, kun^ 
of Siam, and the ku of Arrakan. Certain it is that kh and k constantly stand in 
these languages for h; and indeed the process is visible in a single language, and 
in the very word under discussion. Thus, the same root furnishes to Santali had 
or hod, man, and ko(la, a young man ; as in Chinese, ' weariness' in Nankin is 
kaU'koh; in Pekin, k'au-ho, etc. We have therefore a root represented by ho 
and ko ; the ho series shortening into hu or ha, and the ho series into hu or ha. 
This root furnishes the specific word for 'man' to the Kol tribes of Central India. 
We have also a generic root /i, homo, which, as we have seen, is often added to 
specific terms for man, to form names of aboriginal races. 

Ho, indeed, forms one of the oldest and most widely spread roots for man. 
Mrichhakati gives a reduplicative form of it — g-o-ho — among the words borrowed by 
the Apabhransa, or vernacular Sanskrit, from the aboriginal races; a form, by the 
way, curiously analogous to that still in use among the Kiirs near ElHchpore, to 
wit, ho'ho. I have mentioned that, like other words in the languages of Central 



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ii.~LiNGuisTic] DISSERTATION. 25 

India, it seems to have come originally from the other side of the Bay of 
Bengal, where it appears in the Siamese, Laos, etc., as khon or kun, the same 
form that it takes in such tribal names as Khond, etc, in India. The Siamese 
khon, in its turn, appears to be the Chinese jan or yan, probably through an inter- 
mediate form in which the / sunk into an h. The root li is equally widely 
diffused, and appears in most of the aboriginal languages which I have examined. 
For example, in Santali, it furnishes the nomenclature connected with the propaga- 
tion of our species, such as lai, Idih, etc., and appears in li-dih, a child ; le-daka or 
Uu^o, children; khi4i ['=.ko'li)y a generation of men; and the hitherto unexplained 
terms, che-la, che-li {=ikhi4i,^=h0'lt)y for son and daughter, universal among the 
semi-aboriginal castes of Lower Bengal. 

I propose very briefly to inquire what evidence can be found in different parts 
of India of a primitive race which formed its tribal name from the specific root hOy 
with or without the generic affix It. The Ho tribe is now a comparatively small 
one, on the west of Lower Bengal ; but one of the commonest non-Aryan changes 
of h is into gy ky or khy as I have already shown, and as is visible in the redupli- 
cative form of ho already cited, to wit, the Apabhransa go-hOy and the ho-ko of the 
tribes near EUichpore. It must be remembered, too, that the vowel regularly 
represents 1^ or ^; thus, Santali, hady man. Ho, hoda, or horo; Santali, danty Bengali, 
donty a corpse-bearer ; Santali, patdy the stomach ; potedy a * fat-belly.' Again, Kami 
and Kumi, adjacent tribes in the Eastern Peninsula, bhdgi or bhugiy Santali for 
* good ;' Uriya, Orissa ; Santal, Sonthal, etc. Confining our attention to the ko form, 
we find tribal names based upon this root with the generic affix liy not only in 
every part of India, but at all periods of Indian history. Both the Mahabharata 
and the Vishnu Purana speak of Ko-li tribes in connection with Mi-kalas (cf. the 
aboriginal root miy man), Dravidas (cf. the Dravidian aborigines of Southern India 
at the present day), Kirdtas (aboriginal tribes still in Nepal), and other of the 
non- Aryan races existing in modem India. The Sanskrit writers account for them 
as outcasts of the military clan, the Kshattriyas ; but in the same breath the 
Aitareya Brahmana speaks of them as Dasyus, or aborigines ; and the scientific 
value of their ethnical derivations may be gauged from such sentences as the 
following, copied from the same source : * Most of the Dasyus are sprung from 
Visvamitra.' The Ko-lis generally appear in ancient literature with that epithet 
attached to them which the Sanskrit race delighted to apply to the aborigines, 
from the Nagas of North-Eastern Bengal through all India to the indigenous 
castes of Ceylon, to wit, the Koli-sarpas, Serpen t-kols, or Snake-races. 

Sanskrit literature refers to other sections of the Kol race under such names 
as Chol-as, Kul-indas, etc ; and passing to mediaeval times, we find in the Arabic 
geographers and historians evidence that the Kols were co-extensive with the whole 
explored portion of India* Kulam, 'a large city of India,' stands first in the list 

D 



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26 DISSERTATION. [h.-linguistic 



of towns described in the extracts from Al Kazwini. The inhabitants, we are told, 
ate carrion, as the aborigines did in Sanskrit times and do in our own ; they were as 
destitute of temples or visible idols as the Veda itself describes them ; their land 
was rich in teak ; their only articles of commerce were the spontaneous produce 
of the forest, with the characteristic black pottery which still forms their sole 
manufacture ; and, most curious of all, they chose their king, according to the 
confused Arabian geography, from China, which no doubt means from among the 
pure aboriginal tribes on the Indo-Chinese frontier. But I must refrain from 
amplifications of this sort, and confine myself to a mere list of names taken at 
random from the Arabian geographers of the tenth to the twelfth centuries. We 
have in or near Sind, according to Ibn Khurdabda, the province of Kuli, the 
district and town of Kol, and {r=l) Kura at the mouth of the Kolaroon 
(Coleroon), in Southern India. Al Istakhri speaks of Kalwi or Kallari ; Al Idrisi 
of Kulam-mali, an island near Sind, of Kuli on the Shore, of Kalari in the 
interior, and then of a district called Kulam, far down on the coast, and north of 
Malabar. In the Asiatic Society's journal the ancient name for India is stated 
to have been Kolaria, and turning to the modern map of India, we find indications 
of the race in every province from Burmah to Malabar : in the Kols of Central India ; 
Kolas of Katwar ; the Kolis, inferior husbandmen and a landless clan of Gujarat ; the 
Kolis, obscurely mentioned as helot cultivators on the Simla range ; the Kolitas of 
Northern Bengal and Assam ; the Kolami of Central India, classed with the Nai- 
kude, etc., in my vocabularies ; the Kalars, a robber caste in the Tamil country ; 
the Kalars of Tinevelly : in the Kolis of Bombay ; in the names of the Kolarun 
river in Southern India, of the Koel river, from the Chota Nagpore watershed, 
of the Culinga and Koladyn rivers, and of many other streams ; in Kulna, a 
district in Bengal ; Kulpac, in the Nizam's dominions ; Kulalpur, in the Panjab ; 
Kulan and Kola Fort, in the distant north-west ; in Kulbunga, town and district, 
near the Bombay Presidency, within, I believe, the territory of the Nizam ; and, to 
be brief, in such names as the following, scattered over the whole length and 
breadth of India, — names which the reader may identify in a moment by referring to 
Dr. Keith Johnston's index to his Map from the Royal Atlas. Kuldah, Kulkeri, 
Kulianpur in three separate districts, Kullavakurti, Kullean, Kuller-kaher, Kulu 
district, Kullum, Kullung River, KuUunji, several KuUurs, Kulpani, Kulpi, Kulra, 
Kulsi, Kolachi, Kolapur town and state, the three Kolars, Kolaspur, Kolbarea, 
Koli, Kolikod (Calicut), Cola-Bira, Colair, Colgong, Collum (Kayan-kulam), Colur, 
and Colombo in Ceylon. I would go further, and, if time permitted, could philo- 
logically prove the connection of the above with hundreds of other names and 
places in regular series. For example, writing d and r indifferently as r, and 
ringing the changes upon the vowels «, «, and o, the first series would present the 
A unchanged, as in Santali, Ifar, man : The Haris, semi-aboriginal tribes of Bengal; 



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ii.-LiNGuisTic] DISSERTATION. 27 



Halgas, semi-aboriginal soldiers in the Maratta armies; the Hunas of the Vishnu 
Purana; the Hos of Western Bengal and Ho-lar-kas, by which term the Santals 
call the Kols, In the second series h becomes k or kh. The Khar-wars of the 
hill-country of Mirzapore ; the island of Khar-ak, according to Ibn Khurdabda, near 
Sindh, and many similar names of places ; the Khas, the dominant race in Nepal, 
outcast military tribes, according to Manu ; the Kararis, a race of Eastern India, 
described by Rashidu-d Din as 'barbarians, i.e. people whose ears hang down to 
their shoulders,' and the Karens of Siam at the present day, two of whose dialects 
I give; the Kurmis, semi-aboriginal cultivators to the south of the Rajputs and 
Jats; the Kurmis of Manbhum; the Kurumbas, or aboriginal husbandmen of S. 
Kanara; the Kukis of South-Eastem Bengal, and the Kumis of the Burman 
frontier ; the Kurgs of the south-west coast of India ; Korea in Chota-Nagpore ; 
the Koralis, Koras, Khonds, etc. In the third series h becomes gh or gy as Garrow, 
Gurka, Gour, the aboriginal capital of Bengal ; Gwari, the capital of Nuddea; Gouri, 
wife of the aboriginal god Siva (cf Kali) ; Goa, in Southern India ; Gondwana, in 
Central India; Gol-parah (literally Kol-hamlet), on the west of Bengal, etc. In the 
fourth series h becomes s, as in Santal, Savara Saka, also one of the outcast military 
tribes, according to Manu ; Sandalia, the semi-aboriginal low-castes, as written by Ibn 
Khurdabda, or Sandaliya, a^ Al Idrisi spells it ; the Sudras of Brahminical literature ; 
the Sauras, now living with the Oraons ; the Sontals, as the word Santal is in some 
places pronounced ; the Saundikas, whom the Mahabharata classes with Koli-sarpas 
and Dravidas. In a fifth series the h is dropped, as in Uriya, or Uria, and the 
district Uri-har, according to Rashidu-d Din ; the Uras-ir of Ibn Khurdabda, a 
forest territory abounding in elephants and buffaloes; Orissa; the Odras, an outcast 
military tribe mentioned in Manu ; and the Oraons or Odaons of the Bengal frontier, 
whose vocabulary I give. 

The pressing necessities of time and space compel me to draw this Disserta- 
tion to a close, and forbid me to bring forward my proofs of the above series. 
But I cannot refrain from selecting the one which will probably be most questioned, 
and following it out step by step. Many will doubt whether there can be more 
than a fanciful connection between Ho and Kir-anti, and the proofs to be submitted 
in this instance form a fair specimen of the general evidence. I write d and r 
indifferently as r, the distinction seldom being uniformly observed by English 
collectors of aboriginal words, on whose labours my work is based. The root 
har, man, occurs in Santali as an affix to the names of the seven clans : thus, 
Nijkasda-har, the Nijkasda clan, etc. ; and often with the h hardened into kh, as 
Khar-oar or Kher-oar, the name by which the Santals called themselves in ancient 
times. The first form, Khar-oar, is identical with the Khar-wars, a once nume- 
rous race of aborigines living in the distant hill-country of Mirzapore and Rewa 
to the borders of Benares and Bahar; with the Kor-wahs, one of the wildest of 



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28 DISSERTATION. [il-linguistic 

the Kol tribes; and it furnishes more than a hundred names of places or peoples 
scattered over India, such as Khar-bu, Khar-dam, the Kar-ens of Burmah, Kar-or 
or Khar-ur, Kar-u and Kar-i rivers, Kar-natik, Kari-kal, etc In the other form, 
Kher-oar, the e is represented by the ordinary changes i or aiy and produces a 
whole list of its own. Thus the Kher-iahs of Nagpore, who both by their 
name and their customs are unmistakeably declared an offshoot of the Santal or 
Ho race. One of the few things we know about them is that they worship their 
river, the Koel, with rites similar to those with which the Santals adore the 
Damudah. The root kher or ker — for English ethnologists transliterate it both 
ways — appears also in the following names, which may be at once identified from 
Dr. Keith Johnston's Index : Khera, Kherh district, Kherhi, the two Kheris, 
Khersiong, Khirki, Kirbassa, Kira, Kiria, Kirinde, Kirpay, Kirtinassa river, the 
three Khairs and Kheirs, Kheira-garh, and so forth. It also appears in the name 
of the great ethnical group of the sub- Himalaya, the Kir-antis or Kir-atas, a war- 
like aboriginal tribe well known to ancient Sanskrit writers ; classed by both Manu 
and the Mahabharata as outcast military peoples, along with the Khasas, Chinas, 
Dravidas, and other recognised non-Aryan races ; and occupying at this day the 
exact position assigned to them by the Vishnu Purana, to wit, *the eastern border 
of Bharatavarsha.* I would go a step further, and prove that the root chiy as in 
Chinas, is only another form of khi or ki, probably through k and s, and the sub- 
stitution is borne out by a whole list of proper names and of non-Aryan words. 
For example, Chinese, Pekin, hsieh, blood, p. io8 ; the whole Kiranti group, hi; 
Gyami, sye; Thulungya, si-si (a reduplicative) ; Garo, chi; Bhramu, chi-wi. Choli 
and similar words constantly appear as other forms for Koli; and indeed the very 
name Kir-bassa, as it is pronounced on the west of the Nepal Mala-bhumi at the 
foot of the Himalayas, is pronounced and spelt in official documents as Chyebassa 
in the west of the other Mala-bhumi (now Bishenpore), on the distant south-western 
frontier of Lower Bengal. The Chinas not only take their name from the same 
wide-spread root that has furnished race-names to the aboriginal tribes of all India 
north of the Vindhya range, but they are expressly classed with still existing 
aboriginal tribes in Manu ; and their position can be inferred from Sanskrit authors 
to be exactly where the Chinese frontier would be at that time, viz. in the extreme 
east, but further into India than at present. This ancient connection of the Chinas 
with the Indian aboriginal races is borne out by the mediaeval geographer Al 
Kazwini, who says that the people of Kulam — ^whose name, habits, and surroundings, 
as we have seen, mark them unmistakeably as aborigines — 'when their king dies, 
choose another from China;* and I have written this book in vain, if it does not 
concentrate these scattered indications into positive proof that the aboriginal races 
of the Eastern Peninsula, Burmah, and India north of the Vindhya range, derived 
their speech from a source common to themselves and the Chinese. 



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II.-LINGUISTIC DISSERTATION. 



29 



I turn for a moment from the aboriginal tribes who have maintained their 
ethnical identity in the forests and mountains of India, to those who were crushed 
before the Aryan advance, and have merged as serfs into the Hindu population. 
These unfortunate people appear chiefly under two names in post-Vedic Sanskrit 
literature — Sudras and Chandalas. Their personal appearance, habits, and occu- 
pations, as detailed in ancient writers, mark them as non-Aryan helots; the 
Sanskrit scheme of society, as Roth well observes, was complete without them ; 
and while the other three natural Aryan castes clearly derive their names from 
Aryan roots, all attempt to establish a Sanskrit origin for the nomenclature of the 
fourth or non-Aryan servile caste have failed. Professor Wilson, following the 
Puranic etymologist, deduces the word siidra from sltcch, grieve, and dru, run, — a 
derivation with regard to which Dr. J. Muir writes to me : * If we are to accept 
this, we may accept anything.' The truth is, that both S'lidra and Chdnddla are 
based upon phonetic modifications of the great aboriginal root had, which appears 
in Ho, Kol, Santal, Sontal, etc. Chdnddla becomes, in the mediaeval geographers, 
Sanddlia (Ibn Khurdabda), or Sandaliya (Al Idrisi), as the Salsas of Rashidu-d Din 
is the Sanskrit Chelas, a town upon the Indus. This word Sanddlia is arrived 
at by the same process as the race-name Santdli, and consists not merely of 
the specific root had {h = s\ vir, but also of the generic root, li, homo. The insertion 
of a nasal and dental is a very common feature in tribal designations formed from 
the root had: thus the K bonds and Gondis of Central India, whose languages I 
give ; the Kalindas and Saundikas of the Mahabharata, which appear as outcast 
military tribes in lists of aboriginal races, such as the Koli-sarpas, Kiratas, Chinas, 
Dravidas ; and in Chandala, Saundika, Khond, Gond, etc., the dotted or aboriginal 
d is uniformly used. 

The enslaved Chandals, therefore, were of the same stock, and formed their 
name from the same universal root, as the aboriginal races of Northern India at 
the present day. If time permitted, it would be equally easy to follow the process 
by which Sudra — the Sudaria of the Arabic geographers — and many similar names 
in Sanskrit literature are evolved from the same base. The fact is, that the 
whole nomenclature of the helot castes among the mixed Hindus, both in ancient 
and modem times, is derived from the aborigines. Thus the Ma-lis, gardeners 
and landless husbandmen in the Hindu community, take their name from the tribal 
term for man, male, p. 1 39 ; from which many hill and forest peoples of Northerr. 
and Central India, possibly also the whole Malay race of the Archipelago, art 
called, and the Malavas (cf Modem Malwa), in the Vishnu Purana. The Doms 
or corpse-bearers of the Hinduized lowlands, are the Dams of the Santal hills, 
and the Dumis, still a well-defined tribe in sub-Himalayan Nepal. The Kharwai 
helots of Gyah, etc, now perfectly Hinduized, had scarce a century ago a separate 
language of their own, as the Khar-wars of the Mirzapur highlands, the Kher- 



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30 DISSERTATION. [m.— general cx)ncxusions. 

oars or ancient Santals, and the wild * mysterious ' Kher-iahs of Central India, still 
have. The same may be said of the Chura serfs of the Punjab, the direct 
descendants of the Chauras or military outcasts of the Mahabharata; of the 
Coolies (Kulis), hewers of wood and drawers of water through the length and 
breadth of India; and Hindu speech has enriched itself with a whole vocabulary 
of abuse from the names of these races. Take, as a single example, the Hadis, 
a helot caste spread over all Bengal, and called by the bare aboriginal word 
for man, had, and who have supplied such terms as haddy base, low-bom ; hadduk, 
a sweeper; hunda, hog, blockhead, imp; hudukka, a drunken sot, etc. One word 
in this series tells a peculiarly sad tale of its own. Hadi, in low Bengali Hadi- 
kathy is the name of a sort of rude fetter or stocks by which the lemdholder 
used to confine his serfs until they agreed to his extortions, — a practice within 
the memory of Indian magistrates still living, and means literally * the helot's-log.' 
It was also used for fastening the head of the victim in the bloody oblations 
which the Aryan religion adopted from the aboriginal races, especially in the 
human sacrifices to Kali, to which the low-castes even now resort in times of 
special need. Indeed, so intimately connected is the term with the worship of 
this ferocious deity, that in the account of the last human offerings, during the 
famine of 1866 — an account given by an English journalist who knew nothing of 
the aborigines — the word comes to the surface, and we are told that the bleeding 
head was found fixed in the * har-cat,* i.e. helot*s-log. 



III.— GENERAL CONCLUSIONS. 

The points which I have endeavoured to establish are — 

\st, That India is partly peopled by races distinct from the Aryan popula- 
tion, — ^races whom we have scarcely studied, and whom we do not understand. 

2d, That while some of these races have preserved their ethnical identity in 
sequestered wilds, others have merged as helots or low-castes into the lowland Hindus. 

3^, That our ignorance of the first section brings forth incessant risings and 
frontier wars, and that our imperfect acquaintance with the second forms a serious 
blot in our internal administration. 

4/^, That these races are capable of being politically utilized, and by proper 
measures may be converted from a source of weakness to a source of strength. 

5/^, That they are also capable of being scientifically investigated, and of 
furnishing trustworthy materials to European philology. 

6th, That indications are not wanting that these now fragmentary peoples 
form the dSbris of a widely-spread primitive race; and that from the northern 
shores of the Indian Ocean and the Chinese Sea, traces are here exhumed of 



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IV.—ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.] DISSERTATION. 31 

ethnical evolutions and the ebb and flow of human speech, far more ancient, and on 
a grander scale, than the prehistoric mig^tions of the Indo-Germanic stock. 



IV.—ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 

The construction of a dictionary such as I now submit is a work of compila- 
tion rather than of authorship. The main body of the vocabularies are taken from 
lists printed in the Journals or Proceedings of the Asiatic Societies in Bengal and 
in England, in the Records of the Government of Bengal, all drawn up by or 
under the direction of Mr. B. H. Hodgson, late of the Bengal Civil Service, Chevalier 
of the Legion of Honour, etc. Mr. Hodgson also kindly placed at my disposal two 
large trunks of manuscripts, amassed during his long and honoured service in the 
East, and subsequently made over for safe keeping to the India Office. In some 
respects, therefore, I look upon myself as the editor of materials collected by him 
rather than as the author of an original work. To the nucleus thus furnished I 
have added everything that could be obtained from the Government archives, such 
as the group left by the Rev. Stephen Hislop of Nagpore, and edited with addi- 
tions by Sir Richard Temple, of the Bengal Civil Service. 

I cannot mention Mr. Hislop's name without acknowledging the zealous 
co-operation which I have received throughout from missionaries of all denomina- 
tions, both in India and at home. It was to these noble and devoted men that I 
owed my first materials, and from them I learned that missionary enterprise means 
not only the propagation of the Christian faith, but also the civilisation of whole 
races, and the winning back of long lapsed peoples to a new life. No history of 
the British occupation of India will be complete without the mention of such names 
as those of Mr. Williamson of Beerbhoom ; Mr. Puxley of Rajmahal ; the two Phillips, 
father and son, of Orissa; Dr. Batchelor, who worked the first Santali press at 
Midnapore ; and many others, whose scholarship is warmed from the holy flame of 
Christian zeal. Some who started with me in these researches have not been 
permitted to see their fruits ; and in my venerable friend Mr. Williamson, who died 
at Beerbhoom in 1867, after nearly fifty years of missionary service, the world lost 
one of those lives of calm usefulness which seldom find a biographer here, but 
which are assuredly written above. In this country I have to thank the London 
Missionary and Church Missionary Societies in their corporate capacities ; the Rev. 
Dr. Legge for MS. vocabularies of the Nankin, Pekin, and Canton dialects; the 
Rev. Mr. Muirhead for the Shanghai ; and the Rev. W. K. Lea for the Amoy. 

To Prince Lucien Bonaparte I am indebted for a MS. Bask vocabulary 
drawn up by His Highness, and for materials furnished in letters ; to the Royal 
Asiatic Society and its president Viscount Strangford, for obtaining the additional 



Digitized by VriOOQ iC 



32 



D I SS E RT A T I O N . [i v.— acknowledgments. 



leave which enabled me to bring out the work, and for valuable materials from 
the Society's library; to Mr. Hyde Clarke, who long held a responsible office 
under the Ottoman Government, for MS. lists of Turkish, Magyar, Circassian, and 
Georgian ; to the Rev. Charles Malan of Broad Windsor, and Mr. S. Halkett of 
the Advocates' Library, Edinburgh, for the Mongolian and Mantshu ; to Dr. John 
Muir, late of the Bengal Civil Service, for portions of the Sanskrit list which I 
could not myself overtake, and for many valuable suggestions ; to the Right Hon. 
E. Hammond of the Foreign Office for procuring, and to Mr. Von Siebold of the 
Japanese Mission for drawing up, the Japanese list ; to Mr Cull for the Finnic ; 
to Mr. John Hutcheson, formerly of Beyroot, for the Arabic ; to Mr. W. Ralston 
of the British Museum for the Russian, and for another Russian list to Mr. Fiske, 
the American Consul at Leith ; to Mr. J. Purves, Fellow and Lecturer of Balliol, and 
to Monsieur Gustave Masson of Harrow, eminent as a French litterateur and 
honourably known as an English writer, for the Latin and French prefaces ; to Sir 
Henry Rawlinson, and to Mr Watts of the British Museum, for the suggestion of 
sporadic affinities which led me to give the three series of Inflecting, Compounding, 
and Isolating types ; to Sir Bartle Frere, for access to his admirable collection of 
the Bombay Records ; to Professor Max Miiller, and to General Briggs, for valu- 
able suggestions ; to Sir Erskine Perry, for many acts of kindness during the 
compilation. My obligations to Dr. Rost, the Secretary to the Royal Asiatic Society, 
for MS. lists drawn up from materials in his library, and for revising the proofs, 
demand separate mention. But for his generous help, the work could not have 
been brought out within the time allowed. To my secretary and salaried assistants 
I have to make my acknowledgments for their fidelity and general accuracy. Many 
things which ought to have been done by myself had to be entrusted to others ; 
and this list would be incomplete without an acknowledgment of the affectionate 
industry with which my Wife has corrected proof-sheets and manuscript, of which 
each page contained five handwritings, and indeed done entire parts of the work, 
such as the polyglot indices. The Dissertation itself has gone to press without 
being read over ; but I felt that, having once taken in hand to bring out my 
researches within the four months, it would have been mere cowardice to keep 
back, through fear of a few verbal slips, ideas that have long been working in my 
mind, and which I believe capable of doing good for millions of men. If I 
am right in this belief, I can well afford to let the book go forth with all its 
faults. 



Digitized by VriOOQ iC 



-■"- ^--"-^ 



ERRATUM. 

On each page of Lexicon. 
For ' Nepal (East to West)', read ' Nepal (West to East).' 



CHAP. 1.— NUMERALS.] 



Types, 

vg ^Sanskrit, 
'^ (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kiama, 
Malay, . . . 



UN— EIN— ONE— ODIN— UNUS. 



33 



1 



I 



h 



I 



I 

I 



S3 






J 



5i 



Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (lurittm), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . . 

Siinwdr, . 

GUning, . 

Mdrmi, . 
Magar, 

TKdksya, . 

Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chpurdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Loborong, 

Lambichhong. 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Ddmi, . . 

Khdiing, , 

Dungmdli, 

f Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusmida, . 
TWru,. . 

Lepcba (Sikkim), 



Eka. 
WaAad, 

Bat. 
Yksi, 

Bir. 
ZL 

Erthi, szu* 

Nigen^ nikefiy ith^\ gri,X urn- 

Emou^ iga. * [un^ § om-okon, \ \ 

Sa, 

Sa, 

Sa, sdtu, 

Ylh. 

YL 

Vat 

Ih, 

Chit. 

Fitots^ Uhiy h'to. 

Asit. 

/, iku. 

Ka-ti. 

Thi. 

Td-bi. 

A'-n. 

Nege. 

Rd. 

Tschig, gchig. 

Chik. 

Chik. 
Kd. 

Kri^ ri. 
Ghr/^, rik. 
Kdt. 
Di. 
Yek. 
Chhu 
Thit. 

YJai^ ektai. 

Aura, itto. 

Eukta, eukchha, eukpop. 

Thitta. 

I-bhou. 

Aktaiy akta. 

Ikko. 

Kolo. 

Ubum, 

Kivofig, kotig^ kole. 

Kwongy kang. 

Yekko. 

Thibang^ thili. 

Ikku. 

Itta, euliy eukla-pang. 

Tdu, tdwa, man-hampo. 

Td, tdu, tdiuo. 

Akpo. 

Ek. 

Ek. 

Chhi, chhigu. 

Yd'Z/by ya-zyo. 

De. 

K<hlu. 

Ek, 

Goisang. 

Yek. 

Kdt. 
CM. 





% fBodo, 


. Man-che. 




^ Dhimdl, .... 


E'long. 




^ \ Kocch, .... 


. Ek. 




^ Garo, 

t^ [Kdchdri, .... 


Go-sha. 




. Man-she, mon-she. 






' Munipuri, ... 


Amd, 




^ 


MfthdnNdgd, . .. 


. A'-ta. 




1 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


. Chd. 




KhdriNdgd,. . . 


. A~khet. 




V 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


. Po. 




■1. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 


. Van-the. 




1 


Nowgong N^d, . . 


Ka-tarjg. 




■i; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


. Kha-tu. 




? 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. A-ko. 




1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


A-tero. 




t^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


. Dug'Sha. 






Singpho, .... 


. Ai-md. 




-5i 


* Burman {written). 


. Tach. 




^ 

a 


Burman {spokett), . . 


. Tit, ta. 




=1 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


. JVhdt. 




"V 


Kdmi, 


. Hd. 




Q 


Kiimi, 


. Hd. 




1 


Mni v. Toung, . . 


. Loung. 




Sdk, 


Su-war. 






' Talain v. Mon, . . 


. Mway. 






Sgau-karen, . . . 


. Ter, hta. 




.8 
1 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. Lung. 




Toungh-thu, . . . 


. Ta. 




5 


Shdn, ..... 


. Nein (tioung ?). 




N ' 


Annamitic, . . . 


. Mot. 




h 


Siamese, .... 


. Nut^, nein. 






Ahom, 


. Ling. 




^ 


Khdmti, .... 


. Nung, 






Laos, 


. Nung. 






'Ho(Kol), . . . 


. Miad. 






Kol (Singhbhum), . 


. Mi. 






Santdli, .... 


. Mih, midh. 






BhiSmij, .... 


Moy. 






Urdon, .... 


. Untd. 






Mundala, .... 


. Mid. 






Rdjmahali, . . . 


Ort, ondong, kivong. 






Gondi, .... 


, Undi. 




;§ 


Gayeti, .... 


. Utidi. 




^ 


Rutluk, .... 


. Wundi. 






Naikude, .... 


. Wdkko. 




1 


Kolami, .... 


. Okadu. 




a 


Mddi, 


Undi, wundi, wandi. 






Mddia, .... 


. Udi. 






Kuri, 


. Nekor. 






Keikddi, .... 


JVanu. 






Khond, .... 


. Rondi. 






Sdvara, .... 


Aboy. 






Gadaba, .... 


. Vokati. 






Yerukala, .... 


. Vondu ( Vondu ?). 






Chentsu, .... 


. Yek. 






Tamil, anc, . . . 


Caret. 






Tamil, mod,, . . . 


Onru. 






Malaydlma, anc, 


Caret. 






Makydima, mod., . 


Onna. 






Telugu," .... 


Voka. 






Karndtaka, anc, . . 


Caret. 






Karnd^aka, mod., . . 


Ondu. 




^ 


Tuluva, 


Onji. 




? ■ 


Kurgi, 


Wondu. 




1 


Toduva,) . . . . 
Toda, ; . . . . 


Caret. 
Vadd. 




Kdta, 


Vodde. 






Badaga, 


Vondu. 






Kunimba, . . . . 


Vondu. 






Irula, 


Vondu. 






Malabar, 


Ondu. 






Sinhalese, 


Ekay, 



Digitized by 



Google 



34 



DEUX— ZWEI— TWO— DVA— DUO. 



[chap, t.-— numerals. 



. 2>/«r- 




1 


' Bodo, Man-gne, man-ne. 


•^ (Sanskrit, . . 
4 (Arabic, . . . 


. . Vwi {dwd). 
. . Ethndn, 




Dhiradl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 








. Nhe-long, gne-long, 
. Du, 

Gi-ning, a-ning. 




Bask, .... 


. . Bi^ bia, biga. 


^ 


^ Kdchdri, 


, 






. Man-nai, mu-nai. 




Finnic, . . . 


. . KaksL 




' Munipuri, 






. Ani, 




Magyar, . . . 


. . /i:ef/o. 


"V^* 


Mfthdn N^i, 






. A'-nyi. 


^ 


Turkish, . . 


. . Ih'. 


1 


Tablung Nigd, 






. Ih, 


1 


Circassian, . . 


. . OA. 


^ 


Khiri Ndgd, . 






A-ne, 


f 


Georgian, . . 


' • On, gi-gu* 


V 


Angdmi Ndgd, 






. Ka-ne, 


Mongolian, 


. . Khoyar, kaet,\ siii,X dzi-un, § 


•^ 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 




Van-yi, 


C 


Mantshu, . . 


. . DchouCy lianga,^ \nadan.\\ 


|- 


Nowgong N^d, 




. An-na, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 


. 1^0. 


t^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 




. An-nat. 




Javanese, Krama, 


. Xa/iA, 


^ 


Abor Miri, . 






Ani-ko, 




Malay, . . . 


, . Dtia, 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, 






. Ngo-ye. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 


. CTrA (dr). 
. C/rA. 


<^ 


Deoria Chutia, 






Duku-ni. 


. 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Singpho, . . 






. Nkhong. 


^ 
^ 


Chinese, Canton, 


. /. 


-*5 


' Burman (written). 




. Nhach, 


1 


Chinese, Shanghai 


. M, 


1 


Burman {spoken), 




. Nhit 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 


. JVfig 


«^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 




. Pan-nhi, 




Japanese, . . 


. F'tafs, niy/o. 


h- 


Kdmi, .... 




. Ni. 






xt 


Kiimi, . . . 






. Nhu. 


Brahui, 




. Iraf. 




Mni v. Toung, 






. Pre, 


:§ 


' Gydmi, 




. A'r, liangku. 


^ 


.Sik, . . . 






. Nein, 


g 


Gydning, 




. Ka-nes, 




' Talain v. Mon, 






Pa, 


^ 


Tikpa, 




. Nai, 




Sgau-karen, . 






'Ki, khi. 




Mdnyak, 




. Nd-bi. 


.8 


Pwo-karen, . 






. Ne, 


1 ' 


Thochii, 




. Gnd-ri. 


Toungh-thu, . 






. Ne, 


J 


Sokpa, 




, Hoyur. 


1 


Shdn, . . . 






B'tsoung. 


s 


Horpa, 




. Gne, 


K. ' 


Annamitic, . 






. Hoi. 


i 


Tibetan (wrUim), 


. Qnyis, nyis. 


h 


Siamese, . . 






Sang, tsoung, song. 


2 


Tibetan {spokm\ 


. Nyi. 


1 


Ahom, . . 






Sang, 






io 


Khdmti, . . 






Song, 




Serpa, 


. NyL 




Laos, . . . 






Song, 


^,-»^ 


Siinw^, 




. Ni-shi. 










1 


Giirung, 
Miirmi, 




. Ni. 




' Ho (Kol), . 






Barria. 


A 




Gni, ni. 




Kol (Singhbhum 


). 




Bdr-ia, 


1 


Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 




. Nis, 
. Gnu 
. Duu 

. Nu 
. Nyetsh. 




Santdli, 

Bhiimij, 

Ui4on, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali 

Gondi, 








Bdr-ea, 

Bdr-ia, 

En-otan. 

Bdr-ia, 

Twr (?), mdkis, 

Ranu, rand. 




fKir^ti, 




, Horsat, 


.g 


Gayeti, 








Rand, 




Rodong, 




. Ha-kara. 


^ 


Rutluk, 








Rand. 




Riingchenbung, . . 


, Ifeu-sa, heu-wang. 


*N 


Naikude, 








Indi, 




Chhingtingya, . . 


. HUh^che, 


C 


Kolami, 








Ind-ing, 


c^ 


Ndchhereng, . . . 


. Nij'bhou, 


Midi, . 








Randu, 


1, 


Wdling, . . . . 


. Ni, ha-sa, ha-sak. 




Mddia, 








Rand. 


^ 


Ydkha, . . . , 


. Kich-chu 




Kuri, . 








Bdr-ku, 


"§ 


Chourdsya, . . . 


. Ni-ksi, 




Keikddi, . 








Rand, 


!S 


Kulungya, . . . 


. Nih-chi, 




Khond, 








/o4ekd. 


t" 


Thulungya, . . . 


. Ni, ni-chi, na-le. 




Sdvara, 








Bd-gu, 


^ 


Bihingya, . . . 


. Ni-ksi, 




Gadaba, . 








Rendu, 


•| 


Lohorong, . . . 


. Hich'Chiy hi-pang. 




Yenikala, . 








Remfu, 


TAmbichhong, . 


, Hich-chi, hi-pang. 




Chentsu, . 








Duyi. 


^ 


Bdldli, .... 


. Hich-cJu, 




' Tamil, anc. 








Caret. 




Sdng-p^g, . . 


. Hich-chi, hi-sali, hisiapang. 




Tamil, mod., . . 






Iramfu, 




Diimi, .... 


. Sdk-pu. 




Malaydlma, anc, 




Caret, 




Khdling, . . . 


. Sdk-po, 




Malay^ma, mod,, . 




Randa, 




Dungmdli, . . 


. Hi-chi, 




Telugu,* .... 




Rendu, 




' Dirhi, 


. Dwi, 




Karaitaka, anc, 




Caret, 


i 


Denwdr, . . . 


. Dwi, 


1 


Karndtaka, mod., . 




Eradu. 


:^ 


Pahri, 


. Ni, ning-gu. 


^ 


Tuliiva, .... 




Erad, 


'^ 


Cheping, . . . , 


. Nhi-zho, nhi-zyo. 


^ " 


Kurgi, .... 






Dafufu. 


1- 


Bhrdmu, . . . . 


. Ni, 


•s 


To^uva,) . . 
Toda, ; . . 

•XT I . 






Caret. 


1^ 


Vdyu, 


. Nd-yung, 


1 






E4, a^4' 


ft 


Kuswar, . . . . 


. Dun. 




Kota, .... 






Yede, 


"1 


Kusunda, . . . . 


Ghi-gna, 




Badaga, . . . 






Yeradu, 


«^ 


Thdru 


. Dui. 




Ku|iimba, . . 






Yeradu, 


^ 






Irula, .... 






Ren4u, irendu. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


. Nyet. 




Malabar, . . . 






Irandu. 




Bhiitdni v. 


Lhopa, . 


. Nyi, 




Sinhalese, . 








Dekay, 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. I.— NUMERALS.] 



TROIS—DREI— THREE— TRI-TRES. 



35 



I 



I 



I 



I 

I 



Types, 

^ (Sanskrit, 

*| (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Kmma, 

Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai. 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 



I 






I 



I 



Brahuf, 

' Gyimi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (wnttm), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Giirung, 

Mdrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

New^, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Dtlmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Dirhi, . 
Denwir, 
Pahri, . 
Cheping, 
Bhrdmuy 
Viyu, . 
Koswar, 
Kustinda, 
LTJufru,. 

Lc|>diA (Sikldm), 



Tri {tisri). 
Thaldihat. 

IrUy hirUy hirur, 

Kolme, 

Harotn. 

U'ch, 

ShL 

Sami, han-ku* 

Khurban, koliem^i nagor,X 

Ilariy sfan-ga* Ui-en,^ 

Telu, [dagaik'Un.\\ 

Ttga. 

Ttga, 

San, 
San. 
Sdm. 
San. 
San. 
MitSy mi^ san. 

Musit. 

Sdny sangku. 

Ka-sdm. 

Sdm {sum ?). 

Si-bL 

Kshiri. 

Korbd. 

Su. 

Gsum^ sum. 

Sum. 

Sum. 

Sdng{sung?). 

Song. 

Som. 

Song. 

Som. 

Tin. 

Son. 

Syumsh. 

Sum-ya. 

Sum-ra. 

Sum-yo. 

Sum-<}u. 

Suk'bhou. 

Syum-yak. 

Sum-chi. 

Sum-makha. 

Sup-chi. 

Syumy sule. 

Sum {sdm ?). 

Sum-chi. 

Sum-chi. 

Sung-che. 

Sum-chi. 

Suk-pu. 

Suk-po. 

Sum-chi. 

Tin. 

Tin. 

Sung, sung-gu. 

Sung-zhOj sung-zyo. 

Sworn. 

Chhu-yung. 

Tin. 

Ddha. 

Sum {som f). 
Sum. 



I 



1. 
I 



^ 



.^ 



■^ 



» 



4) 



I 



a 



I 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichdri, 

' Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgi, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi N^i, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgi, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman (wn/un), 
Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, . 
Kiimi, . 
MnS V. Toung, 
Sdk, . 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khimti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhum), 

Santdli, 

Bhdmij, 

Ui4on, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali. 

Gondi, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Midi, . 

Midia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikddi, 

Khond, 

Sdvara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod. 
Telugu,* . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karadtaka, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,| 
To^a, ; 
K6ta, . . 
Bacjaga, . 
Kuptmba, 
Iru]a, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Man-tham. 

Sum-lang. 

Tin. 

Ga-thdm^ a-thdm. 

Man-tang^ mung-tung. 

Ahum. 

A-zam. 

Lem. 

A-sam. 

Su. 

Van-ram. 

A-sam. 

A-sam {a-sdm t). 

Aom-ko. 

Auma. 

Dug-da. 

Ma-stim. 

Sung {^ung ?). 

Thong, fhon. 

Thum. 

Ka-tun. 

Tum. 

Shun. 

Thin. 

Pe. 

Ther, thih, tho. 

Thung. 

Thung, 

H'tsan. 

Ba. 

Sdm, tsan. 

Sam. 

Sdm. 

Sdm. 

Appid. 

A-pid. 

Fed. 

A-pid. 

Man-otan. 

A-pid. 

Tin. 

MunUy mund. 

Mund. 

Mund. 

Mundi. 

Munding. 

Mundu. 

Mund. 

Akor, apkor, 

MiUnu. 

Tinigofa. 

Ydgi. 

Mu4u. 

Mume. 

Tin. 

Card. 

Munru. 

Caret. 

Munna. 

Miufu. 

Card. 

M^ru. 

Muji, 

MUndu. 

Min. 

Mwfu. 

Munde {mutufe t). 

Muru {mmfu f). 

Afu4Ur 

Muru {muifu t). 

Mumfu. 

Dinai. 



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36 



QUATRE— VIER— FO U R— TCHETURE— QUATUOR. [CHAP. I.— numerals. 



& 



Types. 



•\ (Sanskrit, 
I, (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 

Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



I 



h 



I 






I 



<^ 



■5 . 



I 






' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 

Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochu, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {lonttm), 
Tibetan {spokctt), 

' Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Gdrung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
New^, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Rungchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

f Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdrau, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



Chaiur (chatasri), 
Arbaat. 

Lcru^ laur, 

Nelja, 

Negi. 

Dcurt. 

77ey. 

Othkhi^ on-ku* 

Turban^ /////«',+ ki-etaX dig- 

Douin, sfi-gae. * [/>/, § ullan. \ \ 

Fat, papat. 

Sakaiihvi. 

Amp at. 

Sze. 

SzCy s!z. 

Sze. 

'Sz. 

Si. 

Vots, JO, shi. 

Char. 

Si, siku. 

Ka-di. 

Pit. 

Re-bi. 

Gzhdre. 

Tirbd. 

If/a. 

Bz//i\ s/ti. 

Zhyi. 

Zhyi. 

Le. 

PH. 

Bit. 

Bull. 

B/a. 

Chdn 

Pi. 

Lish. 

Laya. 

Lyura. 

Ldyd. 

Caret. 

Lik-bhou. 

Ld-yak. 

Li-chi. 

Phi-bakha. 

Li-chi. 

Bit, bie-ule. 

Le. 

Li'Chi, ri-chi, le-bang. 

Caret. 

Li-ji. 

La-kabo. 

Bhydl. 

Bhdl. 

Li-chi, ri-chi. 

Chdr. 

Chdr. 

Pi,ping-gii. 

Ploi'ZhOy ploi-zyo. 

Bi. 

Bi-ni7ig, bli-ning. 

Chdr. 

Pin-jang. 

Chdr. 

Pha-li. 
Zhi. 



I 






^ 






"§ 
^ 






' Bodo, . . . 

Dhimdl, . . 

Kocch, . . 

I Garo, . . . 

[Kdchdri, . . 

Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 



Burman {ivrittciA, 
Burman {spoke n\ 
Khyeng v. Shoii, 
Kdmi, . . 
Kiimi, . . . 
Mrd V. Toung, 
Sdk, . . . 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
PwO"karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shdn, . . . 
Annamitic, . 
Siamese, . . 
Ahom, . . . 
Khdmti, . . 
Laos, . . . 



Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum 
Santdli, 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, . 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



), 



Tami], anc, . 
Tamil, mod., . 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydima, mod 
Telugu, . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karadtaka, mod., 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, j 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Man-bre. 

Dia-long. 

Chdr. 

Bri. 

Man-buri, inun-biiri, 

Mari. 

A'-li. 

Pi-li. 

Pha-li. 

Dih. 

Be-li. 

Pazr. 

Pha-le. 

A-pi-ko. 

A-pi-e. 

Du'^u-chi. 

Me-li. 

Le. 

y>, Id. 

Lhi. 

Ma-li. 

Pa-lu. 

Ta-li. 

Pri. 

Pon. 

L7vi. 

Li. 

Lit. 

H'tse. 

Bon. 

Si, tsc. 

Si. 

Si. 

Si. 

Upunia. 
Upun-ia. 
Pon-ea. 
Upun-ia. 
Ndkh-otan. 
Upnia. 
Chdr. 

Ndlu, ndlung. 
Ndlum;. 
Ndlu. ' 
Chdr. 
Ndlifig. 
Ndl. 
Ndlgu. 
Upanku. 
Ndl. 
Sdri. 
Vonji. 
Ndlugu. 
Ndlu. 
Chdr. 

Ndngu. 

Ndlu. 

Caret. 

Ndla. 

Ndlugu. 

Caret. 

Ndlku. 

Ndlu. 

Ndlu. 

Nonk. 

Ndnk. 

Ndke. 

Ndlku. 

Ndlku. 

Ndku. 

Ndlu. 

Hatarai. 



Digitized by 



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CHAP. I.—NUMERALS.] 



CINQ— FUNF— FIVE— PYAT—QUINQUE. 



37 



. Types. 




^ 


rBodo, 


Man-bd. 


1 (Sanskrit, . . . 


Panchan. 


Dhimdl, . 
Kocch, 




Nd-long. 
Pdnch. 


4, (Arabic, . . 




Kliam^at. 


'? 


Garo, . . 




Bo-ngd. 


"S 


Bask, . . . 




Bosty bortz. 


^ 


^Kdchdri, . 




Man-bdy mun-bd. 




Finnic, . . 




. Wusi, 




' Munipuri, . 




Manga. 


> 


Magyar, . . 
Turkish, . . 




. Ot. 
. Besh. 


1 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . 
TablungNdgd, . . . 


A'-gd. 
Ngd. 


1 


Circassian, . 




. Tpey. 


"^ 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . . 


Pha-ftgd. 


r 


Georgian, 




. Khouthiy tzilO'ku," 


■^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . . 


Pa-ngu. 


Mongolian, 




Tcbutiy wety\ samfoIenka,X 


••1 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . 


Barngd. 


c 


Mantshu, . 




Soundchdy u-gae* Uunya,^ 
. Lima. \d^en.\\ 


1' 


Nowgong Ndgd, . . 


Pu-ngu. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 


ti; 


TengsaNdgd, . . . 


Phu-ngu. 




Javanese, Krama, 


Gangsal, 


? 


Abor Miri, . . . . 


Pili-ngo-ko. 




Malay, . . . 


Lima. 


■§ 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . . 


U-ngo. 


k\. 


Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 


. Wu. 
Wu. 


'^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . . 
Singpho, 


Dugu-mua. 
Ma-ngd. 


^ 
'Q 


Chinese, Canton, 


. 'fig. 




' Burman {written), . . 


Ngd (gfid). 




Chinese, Shanghai, 


. V/^. 


^ 


Burman (spoken), . . 


Ngd (gfid). 


•^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 


. Go. 


'^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Nghau (gnau). 




Japanese, . . 


. ///, itsut5\ go. 


h' 


Kdmi, 


Pang-gnd. 








« 


Kiimi, 


Pan. 


Brahuf, 




. Panj. 


1 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


Ta-ngd. 


5 


Gydmi, 




. . Wuy wuku. 


1: 


.Sdk, 


Ngd (gfid). 


S 


Gydning, . 




. . Kurig-gno. 




Talain v. Mon, . . 


Pa-tson. 


h 


Tdkpa, . 




. . Lid-gfio. 


g 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Ya'i. 


^ 


Mdnyak, . 




. . Gnd-bi. 




Pwo-karen, . . . 


Yed. 


\ ^ 


Thochd, . 




. . Ware. 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


Ngdt (jgndf). 


1 


Sokpa, . . 




. Thdbd. 


1- 


Shdn, 


Ha (Jid ?). 




Horpa, 




. Gwe. 


K 


Annamitic, . . . 


Nam. 


i 


Tibetan (written). 


. . Hnd. 


h 


Siamese, .... 


Hdyhgnd. 


6 


Tibetan {spoken), . 


. . Gnd. 


1 


Ahom, 


Hd. 






Co 


Khdmti, .... 


. Hd. 




Serpa, .... 


. . Gnd. 




Laos, 


. Hd. 


ii 


Sunwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Mijrmi 




. . Gno. 

. . Gnd. 

Gnd. 




■Ho(Kol), . . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), . 


. Maya. 
. Maya. 


1 


Magar, . 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
T.imhii- 




Ba-gndy bangd. 
. . Gnd. 
. Pdch. 
. . Gnd. 
Gndsh. 




Santdli, 

Bhdmij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rdjmahalij 




. Mane (monel). 

Monaya. 
, Panje gotang. 

Moria. 
. Pdneh. 


^^ , 








Gondi, . 




Saijhan, seinng. 




' Kirdnti, . 




Gnd-yd. 


•2 


Gayeti, 




Seiyung. 




Rodong, . 




Gnd-ra. 


1 


Rutluk, 




Seiyu. 




Riingchenbung, . 


. Gnd-yd. 


S 

1' 


Naikude, 




. Pdnch. 




Chhingtdngya, . 


Card. 


Kolami, 




. Aidu. 


*j 


Ndchhereng, . . 


Gna-kbhou. 


a 


Mddi, . 




AigUy siyuy hium^ heingu. 


1 


Wdling, . 




Gnd-yak. 




Mddia, . 




. Heigi. 


^ 


Ydkha, . 




. Gnd-hi. 




Kuri, . 




. Maneiku. 


1 


Chourdsya, 




. Caret. 




Keikddi, 




. Anj. 


'^^ 


Kulungya, 




. Gnd-chi. 




Khond, 




. Pdnehu. 


r 


Thulungya, 




GnOy gno-io. 




Sdvara, 




. Mollayi. 


1 


Bdhingya, . 




. Gno. 




Gadaba, 




. Ayidu. 


1 

2 


Ix)horong, 




. Gnd-chi. 




Yerukala, 




Anju. 


Lambichhong 


) 


Caret. 




Chentsu, 




. Pdneh. 


i< 


BdUli, . . 




. Gnd-ji. 




' Tamil, anc, . . . 


A'-indu. 




Sdng-pdng, 




Gnd-kabo. 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


. Aindu (anjti). 




Diimi, . . 




Bhuong. 




Malaydlma, anc, 


. Caret. 




Khdling, . 




Bhang. 




Malaydlma, mod., . 


. A'neha. 




Dungmdli, 




. Gnd-chi. 




Telugu,* .... 


. Aidu. 




Ddrhi, . . 




. Pdnch. 




Karndtaka, anc, 


Caret. 


J 


Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 




. Pdtuh. 

GnOy gnoftg-gu. 


1 


Karadtaka, mod., . 
Tuluva, .... 


. Aidu. 
A'yinu. 


V 


Chepdng, . 




Puma-zhOy puma-zyo. 


|- 


Kurgi, 


Ami. 


^ 


Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 




. Ba-gnd. 

U-nitigy kolu^ot-kulup. 


1 


Toduva, ) . . . 
To^a, ] . . . 
K<5ta, 


. Yaj. 
Utsh. 


1 


Kuswar, . 




. Panch. 




Anje. 


Kusunda, . 




. Pa-gndng'jang. 
. Pdche. 




Badaga, .... 
Ku]imiba, . . . 


Eidu. 
Eidu. 


* ' 








Inila, 


Eindu. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


• Phchgnon. 




Malabar, .... 


. Inthu. 




BteEt^v. Lb 


Lopa, . 


. Gnd. 




Sinhalese, 




Pahai. 



Digitized by 



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38 



SIX— SECHS— SIX— CHEST'— SEX. 



[chap; I. — NUMERALS. 



Types. 

(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 






I 



I 



Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, .... 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . , . 

Brahuf, .... 



:5* 

1^ 



S 



Gydmi, . . . 

Gydrung, . . . 

Tdkpa, . . . 

Mdnyak, . . . 

Thochii, . . . 

Sokpa, . . . . 

Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . . . . 

Siinwdr, . . . 

Giirung, . . . 

Miirmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



I 
I 



Kirdnti, . . . 
Rodong, . . . 
Rdngchenbung, . 
Chhingtingya, . 
Ndchhereng, . . 
Wiling, . . . 
Ydkha, . . . 
Chourdsya, . . 
Kulungya, . . 
Thulungya, . . 
Bihingya, . . . 
Lohorong, . . 
Lambichhong, . 
Bdldli, .... 
Sdng-pdng, . . 
Diimi, .... 
Khiling, . . . 
Dungmdli, . . 

Ddrhi, .... 
Denwdr, . . . 
Pahri, .... 
Chepdng, . . . 
Bhr^u, . . . 
Viyu, .... 
Kuswar, . . . 
Kusunda, . . . 
Thiru, . . . . 



Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, . 



S/iash. 
Sittat. 

Set, 

Kuusi, 

Hat. 

Alti. 

Shu. 

Ekotisi^ ekwisi, ankal-ga.* 

JJiir-gogharty kof^\ mot-to^ 

Ninggoufty lu-gae.* \nuc-uny% 

NctUy nenan. \gedin.\^ 

Nenty nenem. 

Anam. 

Luh. 
Lin. 
Luk. 
Loh. 
Ldk. 
Mut^y mu, roku. 

Shash. 

Luy luku. 

Ku-tok. 

Kro. 

Tru-bi. 

Khatdre. 

Chorka. 

Chho. 

Druky dug. 

Thu. 

Tuk. 

Ruk. 

Tu. 

Dku. 

Caret. 

Tu. 

Chha, 

Khu. 

Tuksh. 

Tuk-ya. 

Tuk-ara. 

Tuk-ya. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Tuk-yak. 

Tuk-chi. 

Caret. 

Tuk-<hL 

Ruy ro^ rU'le. 

Ruk-ka. 

Tuk-chi. 

Caret. 

Tuk-chi. 

Tuk-kabo. 

Rd-wong. 

Re. 

Tuk-chi. 

Chdh. 

Chdh. 

KhUy khung-gu. 

Kruk-zho^ kruk-zyo. 

Caret. 

Chhu-ning. 

Chdh. 

Caret. 

Chha. 

Ta-rok. 
Dhu. 



^ 
^ 
.^ 



I 



c^ 






h 
Co 



I 

I 



I 



^ 



Bodo, . 
Dhimil, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Nigd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 
Burman (Tvritfm), 
Burman {spoken\ 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . 
Kiimi, . 
Mni v. Toung, 
Sdk, . 



Talain v. Mon 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbh 

Santili, 

Bhiimij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rdjmahali; 

Gon^i, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Mddi, . 

Mddia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikddi, 

Khond, 

Sdvara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 



urn 



Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydinia, mod., 
Telugu,* . . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod., 
Tuliiva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, j 
Kdta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kunimba, 
Inila, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Man-do. 

Tu-long. 

Choi. 

Krok. 

Man-dOy mun-do. 

Tanik. 
A'-rok. 
Vok. 
Ta-rok. 
So-ru. 
I-rok. 
Ta-rok. 
Thi'-lok. 
A-ke-ko. 
A-kunge. 
Dug-uchu. 
Kru. 

Khyok. 

Khyauk. 

Sauk. 

Ta-u. 

Ta-ru. 

Ta-ru. 

Khyauk. 

Ka-roung. 

KhU. 

Khu. 

Ther. 

Hohi (hok ;). 

Sau. 

Hok. 

Ruk. 

Hok. 

Hok {hoht ?). 

Tun/ia. 

Tu-ria. 

Tu-ru-i. 

Tu-ru-ya. 

Se-gotan. 

Tu-ria. 

Chah. 

Sdrongy sdrug. 

Sdrung. 

Sdrug. 

Saha {sdha f). 

A'r. 

ArUy sdrumy sdruy hdrum. 

Harug. 

Tu-rei-ku. 

A'r. 

So. 

Kudru. 

Aru. 

Am. 

Chhe. 

Caret. 

Aru. 

Caret, 

Aira. 

Aru. 

Caret. 

Aru. 

Aji(dji1). 

Aru. 

Or. 

A'r. 

Are. 

Aru. 

Aru. 

Aru. 

Aru. 

Hayai. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. I.— NUMERALS.] 



SEPT— SIEBEN— SEVEN— SEM'—SEPTEM. 



39 



Types, 

I (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



I 



I 
6 



I 

I 

I 






Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, .... 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



1^ 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Haft. 



Saptan, 
Sabaat, 

ZazpL 

Seitseman. 

Heb, 

YedL 

Dley. 

Shwidi^ giuht-ku, * 

Dologliany labet\\ seiba,X 

Nadafty szi-gae.^ \nad'Un,^ 

Pitu, \dgiur\\ 

Pitu, 

Tiujuh, 

Ts'ih, 

Ch'L 

T^at. 

Ch'ih. 

Ch'it. 

Nanais', nana^ schi-chi. 



Gydmi, . . . 

Gydrung, . . . 

Tikpa, . . . 

Mdnyak, . . . 

Thochii, . . . 

Sokpa, . . . 

Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan (written), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . . . . 

Siinwir, . . . 

Giirung, . . . 

Miirmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

New^, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



Kirdnti, . . . 
Rodong, . . . 
Riingchenbung, . 
Chhingtingya, . 
Ndchhereng, . . 
Wiling, . . . 
Yikha, . . . 
Chourisya, . . 
Kulungya, . . 
Thulungya, . . 
Bihingya, . . 
Lohorong, . . 
Lambichhong, . 
Bdldli, .... 
Sdng-pdng, . . 
Diimi, .... 
Khiling, ... 
Dungmdli, . . 

Dirhi,. . . . 

Denwdr, . . . 
Pahri, .... 

Chepdng, . . . 

Bhr^u, . . . 

Vijxx, . . . . 

Kuswar, . . . 

Kuscuado, . . . 

Thfeip . . » • 






Chhiy chhi'ku. 

Kush-nes, 

Ms. 

Skwi-bi. 

Stdre, 

Toio, 

Zm, 

Bdun, ' 

£>un. 

Dyun, 

Cha-ni. 

Ms, 

JVis. 

Caret 

Ones. 

Sdt 

Mie, 

Nush, 

Bhagya, 

Rdikara. 

Bhangya. 

Caret, 

Caret 

Caret. 

Nuchi. 

Caret. 

Nuchi. 

Ser, seretty serle. 

Chant. 

NucM. 

Caret. 

NujL 

Nu-kabo. 

Re. 

Tar. 

Caret. 

Sdt. 

Sdt. 

Muy nhengu. 

ChanOrzhOy chana-zyo. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Sdt. 

Caret. 

Sat. 

Ka^y&t. 
Dun. 



I 



I 
I 



I 
* 

« 



h 



I 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
[Kichiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgi, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Nigd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa N^d, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Bunnan (written), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . 
Kiimi, . 
MnS V. Toung, 
Sdk, . 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho(Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhi 

Santdli, 

Bhiimij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rdjmahali. 

Go^di, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Midi, . 

Midia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikidi, 

Khond, 

Sivara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamij, mod., 
Malayijma, anc, 
Malayilma, mod, 
Telugu,' . . 
Karnitaka, anc. 
Kamitaka, mod. 
Tuluva, 
Kmp, . 
To<Juva,> 
Toija, ; 
K6ta, . 
Baraga, 
Kii|timbay 
Irti)a, . 
Malabar, 
Sbhalesey 



um 



Man-sini. 

Nhi4ong. 

Sdt 

Si-ning, 

Man-shiniy mun-shini. 

Taret. 

A'-nath. 

Mth. 

Ta-ni. 

The-ne. 

I-ngit 

Ta-net. 

Tha-nyet. 

Ku-nit-ko. 

Ku-nide. 

Dug-uchi (?). 

Si-nith. 

Khwan-nhach, 

Khun-nith. 

S'he. 

Sa-ri. 

Sa-ru. 

Ra-nhit 

Tha-ni. 

Kha-pau. 

Nwi. 

Nwdi. 

Nwot. 

TsU. 

Bay. 

TsUy chet. 

Tsit, chet. 

Tset. 

Tset. 

A"ia. 

lyd. 

E-d-Cy i-air. 

Sdth. 

Sdt-gotang. 

Sdth. 

Sdth. 

VenUy yetUy yedung. 

Yerung. 

Erug. 

Caret. 

Yed. 

Sdtte, yeduy drum. 

Sdth. 

Yeiku. 

YaJ. 

Sdta. 

Gulj'i. 

Ye4u. 

YegUy vcgu. 

Sdt. 

Ezh. 
Ezhu. 
Caret. 
Ezha. 
YSdu. 
Caret. 
Ye{u. 
Ei. 
Efu. 
El. 
El. 
Yeye. 
Yellu. 
YeUu. 
Elu. 
Eiu. 
Hatai. 



be 

n 



Digitized by 



Google 



40 



HUIT-ACHT-EIGHT-VOSEM'-OCTO. 



[chap. I.— numerals. 



Types. 


^ jSanskrit, .... Ashtan. 


^ (Arabic, . 








Thamdniat. 


•n 


Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 








Zorizi. 
Kahdcksdn. 
Nyoic, nioltzJ* 


^ 


Turkish, . 








Sekiz. 


•^ 


Circassian, . 






Yi. 


5t 


Georgian, . 






Ri/a, mockbcg-gu* 


Mongolian, . . 






Nemeuy nilla,\ sitercfaX 


e 


Mantshu, . 






Dchakoiiy ba-ya* 


.^4''-' 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Wohi. 


didr 




Javanese, Krama, 




Wolii, 




Malay, . . . 




Daldpan. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 




Pah. 




Chinese, Pekin, 




Pa, 




Chinese, Canton, 




Pdt. 


1^ 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Pch. 


•^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Poeh. 




Japanese, 






Yafs", yatsu, ha-chi. 


Brahuf, . . 






Hasht, 


5" 


' Gydmi, 








Pa, ha~ku. 




Gydrung, 








Oryet. 


^J 


Tdkpa, 








Gyet. 


^ 


Mdnyak, 








Zibi, 


•c: . 


Thochd, 








Khrare. 


1 


Sokpa, . 








Nctfia. 




Horpa, 








Rhi-eL 


.s 


Tibetan {written). 






Brgyud, gyud, dochad. 


6 


Tibetan {s/>okdtt\ . 
' Serpa, . . . 






Gye. 
Gye, 


-i. 


Siinwdr, . 








Zoh, 


1 


Giirung, 








Pre, re. 


4 


Miirmi, 








Pre. 


"S. 


Magar, 








Caret. 


^ 


Thdksya, . 








Bhre. 


i 


Pdkhya, 








A'th. 


^ 


Newdr, 
Limbu, 

^ Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 








C/iyd. 
Yetsh. 

Reya. 
Bhok-kara. 




Rdngchenbung, 






Reya. 




Chhingtdngya, 






Caret. 


^ 


Ndchhereng, . 






Caret. 


1 


Wdling, . . 






Caret. 


^ 


Ydkha, . . 






Yechi, 


t:; 


Chourdsya, . 






Caret. 


"S 


Kulungya, 






Rechi. 


f' 


Thulungya, . 






Yen, yet, yetk. 


1 


Bdhingya, . . 






Yd. 


•CS 


Lohorong, 






Yechi. 


;: 


Lambichhong, 






Caret. 


^ 


Bdldli, . . . 
Sdng-pdng, . 
Diimi, . . . 
Khdling, . . 
Dungmdli, 






Yechi. 
Re-kabo. 
Ri. 
Rin. 
. Caret. 


1 


Ddrhi, . . . 






. A'th. 


Denwdr, 








. A'th. 


1- 


Pahri, . 








Chya, chyang-gu. 


Chepdng, 








. Prap'Zho, prap-zyo. 


Bhrdmu, 








. Caret. 


f^ 


Vdyu, . 








. Caret. 


1 


Kuswar, 








. Ath. 


Kusunda, 








. Caret. 


"^ 


Thdru, . 








. A'th. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




. Ka-ku. 




Bhiitini v. 


Lhop 


a, 




. Gye. 







u 


Bodo, 


Man-jot (?). 




^ 
^ 


Dhimdl, .... 


Yelong. 




»Q - 


Kocch, .... 


A'th. 




^ 


Garo, 


Chet. 




^ 


^Kdchdri, .... 


Man-jot, mun-jot. 






^ Munipuri, . . . 


Nipdl. 




u 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 


A-chct. 






Tablung Ndgd, . . 


Thath. 






Khari Ndgd, . . . 


Sa-chct. 




Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


The-tha. 




•^ 


Ndmsdng Nagd, . . 


I-sat. 




1' 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


Te. 




s 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


The-sep. 




^ 


Abor Miri, . . . 


Pu-nit-ko. 




1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Pin-ye. 




Deoria Chutia, . . 


Dug-uc)ie. 






Singpho, .... 


Mat-sat. 




-§ 


' Biirman {7vnttc'n\ 


Rhach. 




1 


Burman {spoken), . . 


Shyet, shyit. 




^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Sat. 




^. 


Kdmi, 


Kayd. 






Kiimi, 


Tayd. 




-< 


Mrii V. Toung, . . 


Riydt. 




£ 
^ 


Sdk, 


Atseit. 




■ Talain v. Mon, . . 


Khctsan. 






Sgau-karen, . . . 


Kho. 




.5 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Kho. 




1 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


That. 






Shdn, 


Tet. 


4 


E>: ' 


Annarnitic, . . . 


Tarn. 




h 


Siamese, .... 


Pet, tet. 




n 

Q 


Ahom, 


Pet. 




'^ 


Khdmti, .... 


Pet. 






Laos, 


Pet. 






'Ho(Kol), . . . 


Friiia. 






Kol (Singhbhum), . 


Irlia. 






Santdli, .... 


Iral. 






Bhiimij, .... 


A'th. 






Urdon, .... 


Ate. 






Mundala, .... 


A'th. 






Rdjmahali, . . . 


A'th. 






Gondi, .... 


Anamur, yermud. 




.^ 


Gayeti, .... 


Yermud. 




1 


Rutluk, .... 


Armur, 




s 


Naikude, .... 


Caret. 




1 


Kolami, .... 


Ath. 




1 


Mddi, 


Atte, aiu, ermadi. 






Mddia, .... 


At. 






Kiiri, 


Ilarku, ilariya. 






Keikddi, .... 


Yet. 






Khond, .... 


Ata (ata ?). 






Sdvara, .... 


Tamuji. 






Gadaba, 


Yenimide. 






Yerukala, .... 


Yettu, vattu. 






Chentsu, .... 


Ath. 






' Tamil, anc, . . . 


Caret. 






Tamil, mod., . . . 


Ettu. 






Malaydlma, anc, 


Caret. 






Malaydlma, mod., . 


Etta. 






Telugu,* .... 


Enimidi. 






Karndtaka, anc, 


Caret. 




.3 


Karndtaka, mod., . 


. Yentu. 




Tujuva, .... 


Ename. 




^ 


Kurgi, 


. Ettu. 




1 


Toduva,) . . . 
Toda, j . . . 


Ett. 




1 


. Ett. 






Kdta, 


Yette. 






Badaga, .... 


Yettu. 






Kurumba, . . . 


Yettu. 






Irula, 


. Yettu. 






Malabar, .... 


. Ettu. 






Sinhalese, . . . 


. Atai. 



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CHAP. I.— NUMERALS.] 



NEUF— NEUN— N I N E— DEVYAT— NOVEM. 



41 



Types. 


20 

1 (Sanskrit, .... Navan, 


\ (Arabic, . 








Tessaat. 


N 


' Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 








Bederaiziy bedratzi. 
Yhdeksdn, 
Kilenc, 


^ 


Turkish, . 








Dokuz, 


! 


Circassian, 








Bughu. 


Georgian, 








Tskhra, utsgu,"^ 


Mongolian, 








Yisun^ killUn^\ nayma- 


Mantshu, 








Ouyoun^ dsht^ae. * 


tomma.X 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Sdngd, 


ziapkun^^ 




Javanese, Krama, 




Sdngd. 


dgiur- 




Malay, . . . 




Sambitan. 


diar.W 




' Chinese, Nankin, 




Kiu, 


w* 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Chiu, 


> 


Chinese, Canton, 




Kau, 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Kiu, 


*^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Kdu, 




Japanese, . . 




Kuy kokonOf kokonot^. 


Brahuf, . 








Nuh. 


:^ 


Gydmi, 








C/iyu, chyuku. 


K 


Gydrung, . 








Kung-gu, 


h 


Tdkpa, . . 








Du-gu, 


.b 


Mdnyak, . 








Gu-bi, 




Thochd, . 








"Rgu-re, 


tti 


Sokpa, . . 








Yeso, 


^ 

V 


Horpa, 








Go, 


.§ 


Tibetan {writun). 






D^. 


§ [ Tibetan ^spoken). 






Guh. 




Serpa, . . . 






Guh, 


1 


SiSnwdr, . . 
Giirung, . 








Guh. 
Kuh, 


^ 


Mdrmi, 








Kuh, 




Magar, . 








Caret, 


Thdksya, . 








Ku. 


1 


Pdkhya, . 








Nau, 


1^ 


Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 
Rodong, . 








Gun. 
Phangsh. 

Phang-ya. 
Kipura. 




Rdngchenbung, 






Phang-ya, wang-pop. 




Chhingtdngya, 






Caret. 


1 


Nichhereng, . 






Caret. 


Wdling, . 








Caret. 


Ydkha, . 








Phang-chi. 


-\ 


Chourdsya, 








Card. 


Kulungya, 








Bong-chi. 


\ 


Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 








Gu,gu4e. 
Ghu. 


? 


Lohorong, 








Bdng-chi. 


g 


Lambichhong 


1 






. Caret. 


i< 


B4141i, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 








. Bdng-ji. 
. Caret. 
. Caret. 
. Ghu. 
Caret, 


1 


' Dirhi, . . 








. N(hii. 


Denwdr, . 








. No-14. 


^ 

V 


Pahri, . . 








Gutiy gun-gu. 


Chepdng, . 








Taku-zhOy takU'Zyo. 


* ■ 


Bhrdmu, . 








Caret. 


s 


Vdyu, . . 








Caret. 


1 


Kuswar, . 








N(h^. 


Kusunda, . 








Caret. 


*^ 


TWru,. . 








Nau. 


Lepdm (Sikkim), . 




Ka^yot. 




SMlt»»Y*Lfa 


topi 


h * 




Gu. 





\ 


' Bodo, Man-shi-ko (?). 


Dhimdl, 








. Kuha4ong. 


^ . 


Kocch, 








. Nau. 


^ 


Garo, . 








. Ju. 


^* 


Kichdri, 








Man-shi'kOy mun-shi-ko. 




Munipuri, 






. Mdpal. 


"a 


Mfthdn N^d, . 




. A4m. 


1 


Tablung Ndgd, . 




Thu. 


■^ 


KhdriNdgd,. . 




Te-ku. 


V 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 




Tha-ku. 


|. 


Ndmsdng N^d, 




I-khu. 


1 


Nowgong N^d, 




Ta-ku. 


ti; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 




Tha-ku. 


? 


Abor Miri, . . . 




Ko-nang-ko. 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 




Ko-nange. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 




Dugu-chu-ba. 




Singpho, .... 




Tse-khu. 


•? 


' Burman (writun). 




Ko. 


! 


Burman (spoken\ . 




Ko. 


■^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 




Ko. 


h' 


Kimi, 




Ta-ko. 




Kiimi, . . . 






Ta-kau. 


■f 


Mnl V. Toun^ 


h . . 




Ta-ku. 


"^ 


LSdk, . . . 






Ta-fu. 


^ Talain v. Moi 


n, . . 




Kha-si. 




Sgau-karen, 






Kwiy hkwi. 


.6 


Pwo-karen, 






Kwi. 


Toungh-thu, 






Kut. 


1 


Shin, . . 






Kaut. 


K ■ 


Annamitic, 






Kyin. 


h 


Siamese, . 






Kau, kaut. 


s 


Ahom, . . 






Kau. 


A 


Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

r Ho (Kol), 






Kau. 
. Kau. 

Arred. 




Kol (Singhbh 


urn). 




A'red. 




Santili, . 






. Are. 




Bhdmij, 








Nau. 




Urdon, 








. No-gotang. 




Mundala, 








Noko. 




Rdjmahali 








. Nau. 




Gondi, 








Noy nau. 


J 


Gayeti, 








. Nau. 


I 


Rutluk, 








Caret. 




Naikude, 








Caret. 


1 


Kolami, 








. Nau. 


a 


Mddi, . 

Midia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikddi, 

Khond, 

Sivara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 








Nawe, ermu, tumadi. 
. Nau. 

Areiku. 

Wamberu. 
. Nogattd. 
. Tinji. 

Tommidi. 

Ombadu. 
. Lo, totd. 




' Tamil, anc 


> 






Onbakadu. 




Tamil, mod., 






Onbadu. 




Malaydlma, anc, 




Caret. 




Malaydlma, mod., 




Ombata. 




Telugu,' . . . 




Tommidi. 




Karn^taka, anc, 




Caret. 


1 


Karndtaka, mod., 




Ombhattu. 


"5 


Tujuva, . . . 




Orambo. 


? ■ 


Kurgi, . . 






Oyimbadu. 


'§ 


Toduva,) 
To^a, \ 






Onbod. 


4 






Anpath. 




Kdta, . . 






Vorupdde. 




Bacjaga, . 






Vombattu. 




KuTumba, 






Vombattu. 




IruK . . 






Vombadu. 




Malabar, . . 






Onpathu. 




^ Sinhalese, . 








Nawanama. 



Digitized by 



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42 










DIX— ZEHN— TEN— DESYAT'— DECEM. 


[chap. I.— numerals. 


Types, 


% fBodo, 


Man-ji, 


^ (Sanskrit, .... Dasan. 


^ 


Dhimdl, 

Kocch, 


Te-long, 
Das, 


^ (Arabic, . . 








Aasherat. 


^ 


Garo, 


Chi. 


^ 


Bask, . . . 

Finnic, . . 








A mar, 
Kymmetien. 


^ 


Kdchdri, 

Munipuri, . . . . 


Man-jiy mun-ji. 
Tard, 




Magyar, . . 








Tiz. 


•^ 


MfthdnNdgd, . . . 


Ban, 


& 


Turkish, . . 








On, 


& 


TablungNdgd, . . . 


Pan. 


^ 


Circassian, . 








Tsey. 


■^ 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . . 


Ta-rah, 


I' 


Georgian, . 








Athi, entzc/git.* 


"^ 


Angdmi Nagd, . . . 


Kurr. 


Mongolian, . 








ArbaJiy yang,\ biX ziun^% 


.fe 


Ndmsdng Nagd, . . . 


Ichi. 


C 


Mantshu, 








Dc/wuaUy schi.* \entzd^t.\^ 


^ ■ 


Nowgong Ndgd, . . 


larr. 




Javanese, Ngok 


0, 




Sapiduh, 




Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


Thc-lu. 




Javanese, Kram 


a, 




Saddsd. 


? 


Abor Miri, . . . 


U-ing-ko. 




Malay, . . 






Puluh^ sapitlnh. 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


U-ying-e. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Shih, 
Shih. 


Deoria Chutia, . . 
Singpho, .... 


Dugu-chuba-dugshe. 
Si. 


> 


Chinese, Canton, 




S/iap. 


<5 

2 


' Burman {written)^ 


Chhe. 


1' 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Seh. 


1 


Bumian {spoken), . . 


ShCy ta-fsCy shai. 


■^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




. Chap. 


=1 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Hd. 




Japanese. . . 




. Djiu^ tOy t suds'. 


J,- 


Kdmi, 


Hd-suh. 


< •/ ' 












Kiimi, 


Hau, 


Brahuf, . 








. Dah, 


1 


Mrd v. Toung, . . 


Hd, 


X; 


' Gydmi, 








. Ish-sa. 




[Sdk, 


Si-su, 




Gydrung, . 








. Sih. 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


. Tsau. 


h 


Tdkpa, . 








. Vchi. 


R 


Sgau-kareti, . . . 


Tsi, ta-tsi. 


Mdnyak, . 








Che-chi-bi. 


1 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


, Ltsi, 


^ ■* 


Thochii, . 








. Hadure. 


^ 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


. Tah-si. 


1 


Sokpa, . . 








. Arba. 


^ 


Shdn, 


. Tseit, 




Horpa, 








• ^^^. 


K ' 


Annaniitic, . . . 


Mudi. 


1 


Tibetan {written). 






. Bc/iUy chu-thamba. 


h 


Siamese, .... 


. Sip, htseit. 


6 


Tibetan ispckeu). 






C/iuhy chu-thamba. 


5 

•S 


Ahom, 


. Sip. 










^ 


Khdmti, .... 


. Sip, 




Serpa, . . . 






. Chuh, 




Laos, 


. Sip, 


1 

■fa - 

1 


Siinw^, . 
Giirung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 








. Sa-shi. 
. Chuh, 

Chi-wai, 

Caret, 

Chyu, 

Das. 
. Sdnho. 

Gipy bofig, thi'bong. 




^ Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singh 
Santdli, 
Bhdmij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 
Gondi, 


ibhum), . 


. Gel. 

. Gcled, 

. Gela, 

. Das. 

. Dasgotang. 

. Dasgo, 

. Das. 

. Pada, daha. 




Kirdnti, . 








, Kip. 


.Q 


Gayeti, 




. Daha, 




Rodong, . 








, Lip-ura. 


1 


Rutluk, 




. Pad. 




Riingchenbung, 






. Kipy kip-u, dheuk-ya. 


s 


Naikude, 




. Caret, 




Chhingtdngya, 






. Caret. 


1 


Kolami, 




. Daha, 


cr 


Ndchhereng, . 






. Caret. 


a 


Mddi, . 




. Daha, dase^ pade. 


1 


Wdling, . 








, Caret. 




Mddia, 




. Das, 


< 


Ydkha, . 








, I-bofigy ik-bong. 




Kuri, . 




. Gelku, 


5 


Chourdsya, 








. Caret, 




Keikddi, 




. Patu, 


>s 


Kulungya, 








Uk-bong, 




Khond, 




. Doso, 


-§," 


Thulungya, 








, Kong-dyumy kwong-dyum. 




Sdvara, 




. Gal-iji {gei'iji ?), 


^ 


Bdhingya, . 








, Kot-dyumy kwad-dyum. 




Gadaba, 




. Padi. 


^ 


Lohorong, 








, Ip-pong, 




Yerukala, 




. PattUypottu. 


.5 


Lambichhong 








. Ip-pong. 




Chentsu, 




. Das, 


^ 


Bildli, . . 








, Ip-pong, 




' Tamil, anc. 


» • • • 


Orupakadu. 




Sdng-pdng, 








. Caret, 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


. Pattu, 




Ddmi, . . 








, Caret, 




Malaydlma, anc, 


. Caret, 




Khdiing, . 








, Tatfham, 




Malaydlma, mod., . 


. Patia, 




Dungmdli, 








, Caret. 




Telugu,' .... 


, Padi, 


. r rfcx^u; 








Das, 




Karndtaka, anc, 


. Pattu, 


1 

i 


Denwir, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdni,. . 








. Das, 

. Giyging-gu, 

, Gyib-zhOy gyib-zyo. 

, Caret, 

, Nayung'gof-khulupy i,e, two 

Das, [whole hands. 
. Caret, 

Das, 


»s 


Karndtaka, mod., . 
Tuliiva, .... 

Kurgi, 

Toduva,) . . . 
Toda, \ , , , 

Kdta, 

Badaga, .... 
Kurumba, . . . 
Inija, 


. Haitu, 
. Pattu, 
. Pattu, 
. Pot, 
, Path, 
. Patte, 
. Hattu, 
, Hattu, 
, Pattu. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




, KaH. 




Malabar, .... 


. Pathu. 




Bhdtdni v. LJ 


lop 


a, 




Cha4ham. 




Sinhalese, 


. . . 


. Dahadasa, 



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CHAP. I. — NUMERALS.] 



VINGT—ZWANZIG— TWENTY— DVADTSAT'—VIGINTI. 



43 



1 

} 



•t; 



C 



I 



3 



5 



Types, 

I (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 

Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf. 



' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
thochiS, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 
Tibetan {writun), 
Tibetan (spoken). 



I 



«<i 



Serpa, . 

SiSnwdr, 

Giirung, 

Mdrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Lirabu, 

Kirinti, 

Rodong, 

Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

W^ing, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong. 

BdUlli, . . 

Sing-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Viyu, . . 
KuswaTy . 
Knsnnda,. 
Thdru,. . 

Lqpdia ^ikkim). 



Vinsati. 
Aasheroun, 

Ogei, ogoi, 

Kaksikymmendd, 

Husz, 

Yirmiy yigkirmL 

Ot-shey. 

Ot-si, ots^ kobbegguj*^ 

Khorifiy sitti-bi,X 

Orin, ul-schi.^ 

Rongpuluh likur, 

Kalihddsa likur, 

Duap^uh. 

Woh-shlh^ ar-shi, 

Woh-shih. 

I-shap, 

Ni-e. 

Ji'Chdp, 

Ni-djiu^ fatadsi, 

Bist 

Air-sa. 

KiniS'Si, 

KhalL 

Nd-chdbL 

Gnina-so. 

Khore, 

Na-ska, 

Nyi-chuthamba, 

Nyi'Chu. 

Nyi'Shu, 

Khal-ka, 

Kuti, 

Nyi-shu, 

Caret. 

Gni-yu, 

Bis, 

Ni-€, sang-sanho, 

Ni'bong, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Hi-bong, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Kong'Usangy kwong-usang, 

A'sim^ kwong-dsing, 

Ni-bong, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Khdl, kJidl-tau, tau-khdl. 

Caret, 

Bis, 

Bis, 

Ni, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Cholok-le-gof-kulup^ i,e. 

Bis, [fingers and toes. 

Caret. 

Bis. 

Kh€hkdt. 



I 
fit) 



t 

f 

fit) 

I 



t*) 



•§ 
a 
^ 
h 












I 



3 



I 



Bodo, . 




Chokai-bay thai-khon^ bisha- 


Dhiradl, 




Elong-bisha, \che. 


Kocch, 




Bis, 


Garo, . 




Rung-sha, 


Kdchiri, 




Caret, 


' Munipuri, . . . . 


KuL 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . 


Chd, 


Tablung Nigd, . . , 


Caret, 


Khdri Ndgi, . . . . 


Ma-khi, 


Angdmi Nigi, . . . 


Maku, 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . 


Ruak-gni, 


Nowgong Ndgd, . . 


Mat-su, 


TengsaNdgd, . . . 


Ma-chi, 


Abor Miri, . . . . 


Ir-iing-ko, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . . 


Uying-anyiko, 


Deoria Chutia, . . . 


Caret. 


Singpho, 


Khun, 


' Burman {written), , . 


Nhach-chhe, 


Burman {spoken), , . , 


Nhit-fse^ nhit'Shai, 


Khyeng v. Shou, . . 


Kur, 


Kdmi, 


Ku-suh, 


KiSrai, 


A-pum-re, 


Mni V. Toung, . . . 


Pi-ra-mi, 


Sik, 


Hun, 


' Talain v. Mon, . . . 


Pa-sau, 


Sgau-karen, . . . . 


Ki-si^ khi-tsi. 


Pwo-karen, . . . . 


Ni4si, 


Toungh-thu, . . . . 


He, 


Shin, . 


Htsoung, 


Annamitic, . . . . 


Hai-mudi, 


Siamese, 


Ye-sipy ya-t'sit. 


Ahom, 


Sau. 


Khdmti, 


Sau. 


Laos, 


Sau-nung. 


Ho(Kol), . . . . 


Hissi, 


Kol (Singhbhum), . . 


Hissi, 


Santili, 


Mih'issi, 


Bhdmij, 




Bis, 


Urdon, 




Bis, 


Mundala, 




Bis, 


Rdjmahali 


> • • • • 


Bis, 


Gondi, . 




Bisa, 


Gayeti, 




Visa, 


Rutluk, 




Caret, 


Naikude, 




Caret. 


Kolarai, 




Vis, 


Mddi, . 




Bis, visay irwa. 


Mddia, 




Bis, 


Kuri, . 




Bis, 


Keikddi, 




Vis, 


Khond, 




Kotfe, 


Sivara, 




Bo-kotfi, 


Gadaba, 




Yiruvai, 


Yerukala, 




Yiruvadu, yirapottu. 


Chentsu, 




BiSy pan^h'ganda. 


Tamij, anc 


» • • • 


Irupakuda, 


Tamil, mod., . . . 


Irubadu, 


Malaydjraa, anc, . . 


Caret. 


Malaydlraa, mod., . . 


Irupata, 


Telugu,* 


Iruvai. 


Karndtaka, anc, 


Caret, 


Kar^dtaka, mod., . 


Ippattu, 


Tuluva, .... 


Irvo, 


Kurgi, 


Iruvadu, 


Toduva,) , . . 
Toda, ; . . . 


, Iwod, 


, Evoth, 


K<5ta, ..... 


Irvdde, 


Baraga, .... 


, Ibbatta. 


Ku^mba, . . . 


. Ibbattu, 


Irula, 


Irvadu, 


Malabar, . , . . 


Irupathu, 


Sinhalese, 


♦ » • • 


. Wisi. 



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44 



TRENTE—DREISZIG— THIRTY— TRIDTSAT—TRIGINTA. [chap, i.— numerals. 



Types. 


1 (Sanskrit, .... Trinsat, 


^ (Arabic, . . 






Thaldthoun, 


% 


Bask, . . . 

Finnic, . . 
Magyar, . . 






Ogeit-amar. 

Kolmekymmenda, 

Harminc, 


^ 


Turkish, . . 






Otuz. 


1 


Circassian, . 






• Otsheyrey^ hsirey. 




Georgian, . 






Otsda-athi^ l(nvergu* 


Mongolian, . 






Khuchin^ nagor-bi.X 


Mantshu, 






Gosirij sang-schi.* 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 


Telungpuluh, 




Javanese, Krama, . 


Tigangddsd. 




Malay, .... 


Tigapuluh, 




' Chinese, Nankin, . 


San-shih, 


iLn 


Chinese, Pekin, . 


. Sanshih. 


1^ 


Chinese, Canton, . 


Sdm-s/iap. 


5 " 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


San-seh. 


s 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


San-chdp. 




Japanese, 






. San-djiu^ misodsi. 


Brahuf, . 






. Si, 


:§ 


' Gydmi, 






. Sdn-sa, 


;; 


Gydrung, . 






Ka-sam-si, 


* 


Tdkpa, . 






Caret, 


i 


Mdnyak, . 






. Sdchd-bi, 


Thochii, . 






. Kshyd-so. 


Sokpa, 






Kochhen, 




Horpa, 






. Sus-ka, 


i 


Tibetan {writun). 




. Sum-chu-thamba, 


s 


Tibetan (spokett). 




. Sum-chu. 




Serpa, . . . 




Sum-chu, 


^ 


SUnwir, . 






Sa-si-sdn. 


1 


Giining, . 






, Card, 


^ 


MiSrmi, 






. Bokal-che-shu. 


1 • 


Magar, . 






. Caret. 


5 


Thdksya, . 






. Som-bu, 




Pdkhya, . 






. Tis. 


Newdr, 






. Ni'Sdnho, suye. 




Limbu, . 






Sum-bong, 




Kirdnti, . 






Caret, 




Rodong, . 






. Caret, 




Riingchenbung, 




. Caret, 




Chhingtdngya, 




. Caret. 


i 


Ndchhereng, . 




. Caret, 


Wdling, . 






. Caret, 


t 


Ydkha, . 






. Sum-bong, 


^ 


Chourisya, 






. Caret, 


3. 


Kulungya, 






, Caret, 


i' 


Thulungya, 






Kivong-usang-kodyum, 


1 

■<5 


Bdhingya, 






. Kwong-asing'kot-dyum, 


Lohorong, 






Sum-bong, 


1 


Lambichhong 


> 




. Caret, 


i^ 


Bdldli, . . 






. Caret, 


Sing-ping, 






, Caret, 




DiSmi, . . 






. Caret, 




Khdling, . 






Tadham-khdl-tau, 




Dungmdli, 






. Caret, 


^ 


Dirhi, . . 






. Tis, 


i 


Denwir, . 






. Tis, 


^ 


Pahri, . . 






. Sun (san f). 


V 


Chepdng, . 






Caret, 


I. 


Bhrirau, . 






. Caret, 


ti; 


Vdyu, . . 






. Caret, 


^ 


Kuswar, . 






. Tis, 


i. 


Kusunda, . 






Caret, 


«^ 


Thdru, . 






. Tis, 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


Kha-kdt-sa-kati, 




Bhiitdni v. Lh 


lop 


a, . 


. Khe-pfuddni, 



I 



I 
I 

I 



£ 
^ 



.6 

i 



I 



1 






^ 

a 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khiri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {written), 

Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . 
Kiimi, . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sdk, . 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

f Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum), 
Santdli, 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . 
Keikddi, 
Khond, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukala, 
Chentsu, 

' Tamil, anc. 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydjma, mod., 
Telugu,' . . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod., 
Tujiiva, 
Kurgi, . 
To<luva,> 
Toda, J 
K6ta, . 
Badaga, 
Kurumba, 
Iruia, . 
Malabar, 
Sinhalese, 



Caret. 

Caret, 

Tis. 

Rung-sha-chi. 

Caret. 

Kunthra. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Sam-rd. 

Surr. 

Ruak-ram. 

Caret. 

Machili-thelu. 

Uing-aomko. 

Uying-aumko. 

Caret. 

Tum-si. 

Sung-chhe. 

Thong-fsc^ thon-shai. 

Tun-gip. 

Rii-i-thun. 

Mphd'i-re. 

Tsum-gaum. 

Thon-si. 

Fe-tson. 

Thu-tsi, theh-tsi. 

Thung-isi. 

Thung. 

Htsan-htsiet. 

Ba-muoi. 

Sdm-sip. 

Sam-sip. 

Sdm-sip. 

Sdm-sip. 

Dosi. 

Hissigeled. 

Hissi-gel. 

Moy-hissi-dasti. 

Dedh-kudi. 

Tis. 

Tis. 

Tis, tisa. 

Ttsa. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

lis, de^h-visa. 

Dedha-koifi. 

Tis. 

Cannot count above twenty. 

Tirisigotta, 

Bokodigaliji. 

Muppai. 

Muppadu. 

Sdt-gandd-doyicha. 

Mupakudu. 

Muppadu. 

Caret. 

Muppata. 

Muppai. 

Caret. 

Muvattu. 

Muppo. 

Nuppadu. 

Mupped. 

Mubath, 

Muvatte, 

Muvattu. 

Muvattu. 

Mubbadu. 

Muppathu. 

Tthai, tis. 



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CHAP. I.— NUMERALS.] QUARANTE—VIERZIG— FORTY— SOROK—QUADRAGINTA. 



45 



> 



Types, 



•« (Sanskrit, 
'S, (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 

Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kraraa, 
Malay, . . . 



I 



r 






z 



I 
I 

I 






Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 

Gydrung, 

Tdkpa, 

Mdnyak, 

Thochii, 

Sokpa, 

Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . 

SiSnwdr, 

Glirung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkliya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Nichhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sing-pdng, 
DiSmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmili, 

f Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhr^u, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda,. 
Thiru,. . 

Lqydia (Sikkim), 
Bhiit^ r. Lhopa, 



Chatwdrin^at. 
Arbaaoun, 

Berrogei, 

Ndjdnkymmenda. 

Ntgyvm, 

Keurk, 

Ot-shitk, 

Ormotsiy kokawu* 

Tuchiriy tietta-bi.X 

Dekhi, sig'Schi* 

Pitangpiiiuh, 

Kawanddsd. 

Ampatpuluh, 

Sze-shih, 

Sze-shih, 

Sze-shap, 

S^f-sek, 

Sichdp. 

Si'dJiUy shi'jiu^ yosodsi, 

Chil 

SyH-sa. 

KapliS'Si. 

Caret, 

Zyi-zd'hi. 

Ghyi'SO. 

Teche, 

Les-kd, 

Bzhib-chu, shi-chU'thamba. 

Hip-chu, 

Hip-chu, 

Khdk-ne-shi, 

Caret, 

Bokal-nhi, 

Caret, 

Blib-yu, 

Chdiis. 

Su'Sdnko, hi-ye. 

U-gip, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Li'git, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Naasang, 

Ni-pachi, 

Rik-pong, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Khdl'Sdkpo, 

Caret, 

Chdiis. 

Chdiis, 

Pi4, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Nayung-cholok, 

Chdiis, 

Caret, 

Chdiis. 

Khornyet. 
XMmL 



1 


Bodo, .... 


. . Bisha-gne, 


Dhimdl, 




, , Nhe-bisay gne-long-bisha. 


'^ H 


Kocch, 




, . Chdiis, 


^ 


Garo, . 




, . Rung-nifig, 


^ 


Kichdri, 


. 


, . Caret. 




' Munipuri, . . 


, , Niphu. 


1 


Mfthin Ndgd, . 


. , Pan-yi, 


TablungNdgd, . 


. , Caret, 


CIQ 


Khdri Ndg4 . . 


, , Li-rah, 


'^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 


. , Lhide, 


•^ 


Ndmsing Ndgd, . 


Ruak-beli, 


i 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


, Li-ri, 


t<; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


, Mesung-annat, 


1 


Abor Miri, . . 


Uing-apie. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 


Uying-apiko. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 


, Caret, 




Singpho, . . . 


, Mli-si, 


««t 


' Burman (rm/zw), 


. Le^hhe, 


1 


Burman (spoken), . 


. Ze-tse, le-zhai. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. Zhi:gip, 


h' 


Kdmi, .... 


, Ku-i-mali. 


K 


Kdmi, .... 


Wu'Palu-ri, 


1 


Mni V. Toung, . 


Caret, 


h 

^ 


Sdk, . . . . 


. PH^si. 


> 


' Talain v. Mon, . 


. , Pon-tson, 


^ 


Sgau-karen, . . 


. Livi-si, 




Pwo-karen, . . 


, , Zi-tsi, 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . 


, Lit, 


r^ 


Shdn, .... 


, Btse-hlsiet, 




Annamitic, . . 


Bdn-mudi, 


Siamese, . . . 


, Si-sip, tsi-tsit. 


•3 


Ahom, . . . . 


. Si-sip, 


Co 


Khdmti, . . . 


. , Si-sip, 




Laos, .... 


. , Si-sip, 




Ho(Kol), . . 


, Bar-hissi, 




Kol (Singhbhum), 


. Bdr-hissi, 




Santdli, . . . 


, Bdr-issi. 




Bhiiraij, 




Bdr-issi, 




Urdon, 




. Bisend. 




Mundala, 




Bar-hissi, 




Rijmahali 




, Chdiis, 




Gondi, 




. Rand-eisai, chdiis. 


^ 


Gayeti, 




. Caret, 


^ 


Rutluk, 




. , Caret. 


"N . 


Naikude, 




, , Caret, 


1 


Kolami, 




. Caret, 


t X 


Mddi, . 




. Rand-visa, chdiis. 


^J 


Mddia, 




, Rand ko4i' 




Kuri, . 




. Caret, 




Keikddi, . 




. Caret, 




Khond, 




, Chalisigotta. 




Sdvara, 




, Bdgukodi, 




Gadaba, . 




NalabheU, 




Yerukala, . 




Nalubadu, 




Chentsu, . 




, Poun, das-gandd. 




' Tamil, ana, . . . 


, Ndrpakudu, 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


, Ndrpadu, 




Malaydlma, anc, 


, Caret, 




Malaydima, mod., . 


, Ndlpata, 




Telugu, . . . . 


Nalubai, 




Karndtaka, anc, 


, Caret, 


1 


Karpdtaka, mod., . 


, Ndlvattu, 


1 


Tuluva, . . . . 


, Ndrpo. 


? • 


Kurgi, 


. Ndpadu, 


:| 


Tocjuva,) . . . 
Toda, ]• . . . 


. Ndlvod, 


4 


, Narsh-bath, 




KiSta, 


. Nalvatte, 




Baraga, . . . . 


, Nalvaitu. 




Kufumba, . . . 


. Nalvattu, 




Inila, 


. Ndbadu, 




Malabar^ . . . . 


, Ndtpathu, 




Sinhalese,. 


. . . 


. Haiorlis, 



Jt 



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Google 



46 



CINQUANTE—FUNFZIG— FIFTY— PYAT-DESYAT—QUINQUAGINTA. [chap, i.— numerals. 



Types, 

v^ (Sanskrit, 
^^^ (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kraraa, 
Malay, . . . 



I 



^ 
« 

J 



h 



I 



I 



I 

I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese^ 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan {spoketi), 

' Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Giining, . 
MUrmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, 
Lohorong, 
Larabichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khdlmg, . 
Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
BhiStdni v. Lhopa, 



Panchdsat. 
Khamsoun. 

Berrogeit-amar, 

Wiisikymmenda. 

Otvcn. 

Em. 

Seynuk, 

Ormots-da-athiy kikaldaiis- 

Tcbin, samfo/enka-bi.X [ke.^ 

So//sai, ug-schi* 

Seket. 

Sck£t, 

Limapiduh, 

Wu-sMh. 

Wu-shih. 

'Ng-shap. 

^Ng'Seh, 

Go-€hdp, 

Go-djiUy isodsi, 

Panjdh. 

Wu-sa, 

Kidtigtio-si. 

Caret. 

Gna-zd-bi. 

IVas-so. 

Shd-che. 

Gwes-ka. 

Gna-chuthamba^ hnab-c/iu. 

Gnap-chu. 

Gnap-chu. 

Khak-nishi-sasika. 

Caret. 

Bokal-ni'Shii'Chu. 

Caret. 

Gna-syu. 

Pachds. 

Pi-sdn/to, gnid-ye. 

Gna-gip. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Gnd-gip. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Naasang'ko-dyum. 

Ni-pachi-kot-dyum. 

Gnd-k'pong. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Khdl-sdkpo4a4ham. 

Caret. 

Pachds. 

Pachds. 

Nge-c. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Pachds. 

Caret. 

Pachds. 

Kha-nyet'Sa-kdii. 
IChe-pheddrjgstim. 



I 



I 



^ 



ft; 



I 
I 



S 

.Q 

^ 



I 



I 



I 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

Munipuri 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Nagd, 
Ndmsdng Nagd, 
Nowgong Nagd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singi)ho, . . 

' Burman (wr/ZAv/), 
Buiman {s/^oktn), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . 
Kiimi, . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sdk, . 

Talain v. Mon 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Tounghthu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

f Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum) 
Santdli, 
Bhdmij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolarai, 
Mddi, . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . 
Keikddi, 
Khond, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukala, 
Chentsu, 

' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc. 
Malaydlma, mod, 
Telugu,' . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod 
Tuluva, 
Kurgi, . 
To^uva,) 
Tocja, ; 
K6ta, . 
Badaga, 
Kunimba, 
Iruja, . 
Malabar, 
Sinhalese, 



Caret. 

Caret. 

Pachds. 

Rung-ning-chi. 

Caret. 

Ydng-kai. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Ta-nam. 

Ri-pangu. 

Ruak-bangd. 

Than-am. 

Mesimg-annat-te-tlulu. 

Caret. 

Ungo-uyingko. 

Caret. 

Mangd-si. 

Ngd-chhc^ gd-chhe. 
Ngd'tse, gd-tse, ngd-zhai. 
Nghau-gip. 
Ku-i-pang-nga. 
Wi-pd-ri. 
Caret. 
Nga-si. 

Patsu-tson. 

Ya-i-sUy yay-tsi. 

Yea-tsi. 

Ngat. 

Ha-htsiet. 

Nam-mudi, 

Hd-sip, hd-tsit. 

Hd-sip. 

Hd-sip. 

Hd'Sip. 

Bar-hissi-gel. 
Bdr-hissi-gii, 
Bdr-issi-gel. 
Bdr-hissi-dasti. 
Dharihc-kodi. 
Bdr-hissi-dasgo. 
Pachds. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 

Rand-visa-da hi. 
Adhd-kodi. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Panchdso. 
Bdgukocji-galiji. 
Ydbhai. 

Anjara-kapottu. 
Bara-ganda-doyicha. 

Aimbakudu. 

Aimbadu. 

Caret. 

Ambata. 

Ydbai. 

Caret. 

Ayivattu. 

Ayiva. 

Eimbadu. 

Erb-bod. 

Eboth. 

Eivatte. 

Eivattu. 

Eivattu, 

Atnbadu. 

Aimpathu. 

Panas. 



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CHAP. I.— NUMERALS.] 



CENT— HUNDERT— HUNDRED— STO— CENTUM. 



47 



I 



I 



Types, 

(Sansk^t, .... §atam. 

(Arabic, Mdyat, 

Bask, Eun, 

Finnic, Sata, 

Magyar, ..... Szaz, 

Turkish, ..... Yuz. 

Circassian, .... Koshed, 

Georgian, .... Asiy rwsku* 

Mongolian, .... Saghon^ girr^X 

Mantshu, .... Tanggd, ibai* 

Javanese, Ngoko, . . Sdtus. 

Javanese, Krama, . . Sdtus, 

Malay, Rdtus, sdrdtus. 



{ Chinese, Nankin, . 
\^ Chinese, Pekin, . 
I I Chinese, Canton, . 
^1 1 Chinese, Shanghai, 
'^ Amoy, Colloquial, . 

[Japanese, . . . 



Brahuf, 



Pih, i-pe, 

Pat, 

Fdk. 

Ih-pah, 

Chit-pah, 

Hiaku (?), Ttiotno, 

Sad, 



I 



5 



I 



I 



Gyirai, I-pe, 

Gydning, Far-ye, 

Tdkpa, Caret. 

Minyak, Tg'e. 

ThochiS, Ak-shi, 

Sokpa, ChO'Vo, 

Horpa, R^ji. 

Tibetan {wnttm\ , . Tschd-thamba^ gyd-ihamba, 

Tibetan {spokm\ . . . Gyd, gyd-thdmbd, 

Serpa, Gyd, 

Siinwdr, Swai-kd, 

Giirung, Caret, 

Miirmi, Bokal-gnd, 

Magar, Caret, 

Thiksya, Bhra, 

Pdkhya, Saya, 

Newdr, Gfin-sdnhv^ sat-chi. 

Lirabu, Thi-bong-gip, 

Kirdnti, Caret, 

Rodong, Caret. 

Rdngchenbung, . . . Caret. 

Chhingtingya, . . . Caret, 

Ndchhereng, .... Caret, 

Wdling, Caret, 

Ydkha, Maknai-bong, 

Chourdsya, .... Caret, 

Kulungya, .... Caret, 

Thulungya, .... Gno-sang, 

Bdhingya, Gno-asing, 

Lohorong, .... Ip-pong-pong, 

Lambichhong, . . . Caret, 

BdUli, Caret, 

Sdng-ping, .... Caret, 

Diimi, Caret, 

Khiling, K/idl-bhong, 

Dungnaili, .... Caret, 

Ddrhi, Sou, 

Denwdr, So. 

Pahri, Sd-chi, 

Chepdng, Caret. 

Bhrimu, Caret, 

Viyu, Umng-cholok, koiu-got-ehvlok^ 

Kuswar, Sou. [i!.^ one score of hands. 

Kusunda, Caret, 

TWm, Sou. 



Lq)dia (SikkimX 



Khd^hdrgnon, 
XAefftd, 



t 



3 
I 



I 

fits 



^ 



^ 

* 

« 

4 

^ 

X 



I 



Bodo, .... 
Dhimdl, . . . 
Kocch, . . . 
Garo, .... 
Kichiri, . . . 

Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Nigd, . 
Tablung N^gi, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Nigi, , 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsigar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 
Burman {written)^ 
Burman {spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kirni, .... 
Kiimi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 

Talain v. Mon, . 
Sgau-karen, . . 
Pwo-karen, . . 
Toungh-thu, . . 
Shdn, .... 
Annamitic, . . 
Siamese, . . . 
Ahom, .... 
Khdmti, . . . 
Laos, .... 

Ho (Kol), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 

Santili, . . . 

Bhiiraij, . . . 

Urdon, . . . 

Mundala, . . . 

Rdjmahali, . . 

Gondi, . . . 

Gayeti, . . . 

Rutluk, . . . 

Naikude, . . , 

Kolami, . . . 
Mddi, .... 

Mddia, . . . 
Kuri, .... 

Keikidi, . . . 

Khond, . . . 

Sivara, . . . 

Gadaba, . . . 

Yerukala, . . . 

Chentsu, . . . 

Tamil, anc , . . 
Tamil, mod., . . 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malayiima, mod, 
Telugu, . . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Kan^diaka, mod., 
Tujuva, . . . 
Kurgi, .... 
Toduva,) . . 
Toda, I , . 
KiSta, .... 



Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Bisha-ba. 

Nd-bisa, na-iong-bisha. 

Sau, 

Rung-bonga, 

Caret, 

Chdmd, 

Pu-gd, 

Caret, 

Ru-krd, 

Kre, 

Chd-the, 

Ro-kru, 

Mesung-phungu, 

Caret. 

Uying'Uyingko. 

Caret, 

La-tsd, 

Ta-rd, 

Ta-yi, ta-yd. 

Kla-dt. 

Ta-rd, 

Chum-wd-ri. 

Caret. 

Ta-yd. 

Ka-lun. 

Tk'zdh, tdgdyah. 

Lyah. 

Ta-loyen. 

Hpat. 

Mdt-tram. 

Roiy rde-nung. 

Pak. 

Pdk. 

Hoi, 

Mi-sau, 

Moy-hissi, 

Mane-issi, 

Sau, 

Se, 

Midso, 

Sau, 

Nur^ so. 

Nur, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Nuru. 

Hein-ko4i' 

Chovi, 

Caret. 

Soho. 

Molloyiko4i, 

Nuru, 

Pattu padula, 

Pdnch vodi {pdnch koqi f). 

Caret, 

Nuru, 

Caret, 

NUra, 

NtirUf vanda. 

Caret, 

Nuru, 

NMu, 

N^ru, 

Onnur, 

VaddnUr, 

Nur, 

Nuru, 

Nuru, 

NiHru, 

N&ru, 

Siya. 



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48 



JE— ICH— I—YA— EGO. 



[chap. II.— pronouns. 



Typa. 


•« (Sanskrit, .... Aham (asmat). 


% (Arabic, . . 






Ana. 


>N 


Bask, . . . 






Niy nik^ neu^ neuky neur^ 




Finnic, . . 






Mina. [fuurk. 




Magyar, . . 






En. 


^ 


Turkish, . . 






. Bm. 


1 


Circassian, . 






Sayray. 


r 


Georgian, . 






. Me. 


1 


Mongolian, . 






. Bi. 


Mantshu, . 






. Bi. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




. A'ku. 




Javanese, Krama, 




. K^a. 




Malay, . . . 




. Aku. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 




Wo. 




Chinese, Pekin, 




Wo. 


Chinese, Canton, 




Ngo. 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Ngu. 


<5 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Gba. 




Japanese, . . 




Ware, washiy ko-chira. 


Brahuf, . . 






[kono-ho. 




' Gyimi, . . 






Gnb. 


Gydrung, . . 






Gnd, gnd-yo. 


h 


Tdkpa, . . 
Mdnyak, . . 






One, nye. 
A'. 


\ ' 


Thochd, . . 






Chi, kd. 


i 


Sokpa, . . . 






Mi, biy abu. 


Horpa, . . 






Gnd. 


1 


Tibetan {written), 






Nd. 


g 


Tibetan {spoken), 
Serpa, . . . 






Gnyd. 
Gnd. 


1 


Sdnw^, . . 
Glirung, . . 






Go. 
Gnd. 


^ 


Miirmi, . . 






Gnd. 




Magar, . . 






Gnd. 


Thdksya, . . 






Ghydng. 


i 


Pdkhya, . . , 






Ma. 


1^ 


Newdr, . . 
^ Limbu, . . . 

' Kirdnti, . . 
Rodong, . . 
RiSngchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, . 






Ingd. 

A'nka. 

Ka, ka-nga, ing-ka. 

Angy awka, ung-ka. 

A'kd. 


t 


Ndchhereng, . 






Kd, kd-gnd. 


Wdling, . . 






Ing-ka, ang'ka. 


? 


Ydkha, . . . 






Kd. 




Chourdisya, . 






Ung-gu. 


Kulungya, . 






Ko^nd. 


1 


Thulungya, . 






Go. 


Bihingya, . . 






Go. 


Lohorong, . . 






Kd, kd-gnd. 


Lambichhong, . 






Kd, kd^d. 


Bdlili, . . . 






Kd, kd-gnd. 


Sdng-ping, . 






Kd-gnd. 




Diimi, . . . 






Ung, dng-gnu. 




Khiling, . . 






Ung. 




Dungmdli, 






Ang'ka, ing'ka. 




' Ddrhi, . . . 






Md-i. 


1 


Denwdr, . . 






Mii-i. 


? 


Pahri, . . . 






Nung,jd. 


'^ 


Chepdng, . . 






Ngd. 


1' 


Bhrdmu, . . 






Ngd. 


Vdyu, . . . 






Go. 


1 


Kuswar, . . 






Md-ha. 


Kusunda, . . 






Chi. 


«^ 


Thdru,. . . 






Hang. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




Go. 




BhiStini V. Lhop. 


h 




Gnd. 



I 



>5 









■i; 



t*; 



I 



.5 

i 



' Bodo, . 
Dhiradl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndms^ng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 
Burman (written), 
Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, . 
KiSmi, . 
Mni v. Toung, 
[Sdk, . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhum), 

Santdli, 

BhiSmij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali, 

Gondi, . 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Midi, . 

Mddia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikddi, 

Khond, 

Sdvara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 

Tamil, anc , 

Tamil, mod., 

Malayijma, anc, 

Malay djma, mod. 

Telugu,' . . 

Karndtaka, anc, 

Karndtaka, mod., 

Tuliiva, 

Kurgi, . 

Toduva, ) 

Toda, I 

K6ta, . 

Badaga, 

Kurumba, 

Iruja, . 

Malabar, 

Sinhalese, 



Ang. 

Kd. 

Mu'i. 

A'ng. 

Caret. 

Ei. 
Ku. 
Tau. ' 

Ni. 

A'. 

Ngd. 

Nyi. 

Ngai. 

Ngo. 

Ngo. 

An. 

Ngai. 

Ngd. 

Ngd. 

Kyi. 

Kd-i. 

Kd-i. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Atvai. 

Yd,ydh. 

Yer. 

Khiva. 

Koung. 

Tdi. 

Khd. 

Kau. 

Kau. 

Ku, ong. 

rng^ 

Aing. 

Ing, inge. 

Ing. 

Enan. 

Ing. 

En. 

Mdnu, anna. 

Nana. 

Nan-na, 

An. 

An. 

Nanna, nan. 

Ana. 

In {ingf). 

Nanu. 

A'nu. 

Gnd. 

Nai'Sa. 

Nd-nu. 

Hd-me, hd-mi. 

Ydn. 

Ndn. 

Caret. 

Nydn. 

Nhtu. 

A'n. 

Ndnu. 

En. 

Ndnu. 

One. 

A'nu. 

A'ne. 

Nd, nd-nu. 

Nd, ndnu. 

Ndnu, nd. 

Ndn, ydn. 

Ma. 



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CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS.] 



TU— DU— T H O U— TI—TU. 



49 



Types. 




I 


Bodo, .... 


. . JVdng. 


c (Sanskrit, 

"I JARABIC, . 

s 




. . Twdm (tivat^ yushmat), 
. . Anta. 


Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 




. . JVd. 
. . Tu-i, 
. . Nang. 




Bask, . . 




. . Hi, hik; zu, zuk. 


^ 


Kichiri, 


. 


. . Care/. 




Finnic, . 




. . Sina, 




' Munipuri, . . 


. JVung, 




Magyar, . 




. . Te, 


^ 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . 


Ndng. 


^ 


Turkish, . 




. . Sm. 


TablungNdgd, . 


Nang. 


1_ 


Circassian, 




. . Wig^yru, 


Khdri Ndgi, . . 


. Nang, 




Georgian, 




. . Shen. 


V 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 


. No. 


Mongolian, 




. . TsM, tchL 


••1 


Ndmsing Ndgd, . 


. Nang?na. 


C 


Mantshu, 




, . Si. 


<:» 


Nowgong Ndg4 


. Nd. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 


. /i^owe. 


^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


. Nang. 




Javanese, Kraraa, 


. Sampeyan, 


1 


Abor Miri, . . 


. No-na. 




Malay, . . . 


. Angkau, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


. No. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 


. Ni. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


. No, dni. 


^ 


Chinese, Pekin, 


. Ni. 




Singpho, . . . , 


. Nang, ni. 


> 


Chinese, Canton, 


. Ni, 


1 


^ Burman (writun). 


. Nang, mang. 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


. Nuf^, 


1 


Burman {spoken), . . 


. Nen, mm. 


'^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 


. LL 


OC) 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


. Nang. 




Japanese, . . 


. Nanji. 


h' 


Kimi, 


. Nan. 








« 


Kdmi, 


. Nang. 


Brahuf, . 




. ITu 


"1 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


, Caret. 


:§ 


' Gyirai, 




. Ni. 


^ 


^Sdk, 


. Caret. 


g 


Gydning, . 




. Sdn-rk, 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


. Bai. 


h 


Tdkpa, . 




. /'. 


S( 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


. Nah, tha. 




Mdnyak, . 




. Nb, 


.«t 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. Ner. 


\ ' 


Thochii, . 




. Kwdy kwe. 


^ 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. Nd. 


^ 


Sokpa, . . 




. Chhd. 


1 - 


Shin, .... 


. Moung. 


'2 


Horpa, 




. Ni, 


Annamitic, . . 


. Anh, mdii. 


Tibetan (ivrUten), 


. Khyod, 


Siamese, . . . 


. Ken, tua, mung. 


6 


Tibetan {spoken), . . 


. KI^, 


•2 


Ahom, .... 


. Mo. 






^ 


Khimti, . . . 


. Maii. 




Serpa, .... 


. Khyo. 




Laos 


. Toa. 


^^ 


Silnwdr, 




. Gai, 


^ J 




^ 


Gdrung, . 
Miirmi,' . 




. Kin. 
. Ai, 




Ho (Kol), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 


. Um. 

. Um (dm f). 


r 
1 


Magar, . 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 




. Gna, 
. Ta, 
CMa, 




Santili, 
Bhiimij, 
Urion, 
Mundala, 




. A'm, umge. 
. Am {am f). 
. Ni-en. 
. Am {am ?) 




Limbu. 




, Khem, 




Rdjmahalij 




. Nin. 


' 








(jondi, . 




Imma, imme. 




' Kirdnti, . 




. Khand (khdna t). 


i 


Gayeti, 




. Ime. 




Rodong, . 




. Khdna, 


Rutluk, 




. Imd. 




Rdngchenbung, . , 


. Khdna, 


'^ . 


Naikude, 




. Niiva. 




Chhingtingya, . . 


, Hdna(handr), 


Kolami, , 




. Niwa. 


s 


Ndchhereng, . . . 


Ana, 


r^ 


Midi, . 




. Nima. 


Wdling, . 




. Hdna, khdna. 


>J 


Midia,. 




. Caret. 


f 


Yikha, . 




. Ing-khi, ^nkhi. 




Kuri, . 




Am. 


■§ 


Chourdsya, 




Gno-nu, unu. 




Keikidi, 




. Ninu. 


^ 


Kulungya, 




, A'na. 




Khond, . 




. Yi-nu. 


1 


Thulungya, 




, Gdna. 




Sivara, 




. Aman. 


Bihingya, . 




. Ga, 




Gadaba, 




. No. 


1 


Lohorong, 




, A'na, hdna. 




Yerukala, . 




. Ni-nu. 


Lambichhong 


> 


, Khdna. 




Chentsu, . 




Yi'ke, tti-myi, tu. 


1 


Bdldli, . . 




, A'na. 




r Tamil, anc, . . . 


. Caret. 




Sdng-pdng, 




, A'na. 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


. m. 




DiSmi, . . 




In, dnu. 




Malayilma, anc, 


. Caret. 




Khdling, . 
^ Dungmili, 




. In. 
. Hdna. 




Malayiima, mod., 
Telugu, . . . . 


. Ni. 
. Nivti. 




' Ddrhi, . . 




. Ta-i. 




Karnitaka, anc, 


. Nin. 


1 


Denwdr, . 




Tu4, 


;| 


Kar^itaka, mod., . 


. Ninu. 


Pahri, . . . 




Chhung, chhi. 


s 


Tuluva, . . . . 


. I. 


^ 


Chepdng, . . 




. Ndng. 


l- 


Kurgi, 


. Nin. 


1' 


Bhrdmu, . , 
Viyu, . . . 




. Ndng. 
Gon, 


Toduva,) . . . 
Toda, ) . . , 


. Ni. 
. Ni. 


1 


Kuswar, . 




. Td-ha, 




K<5ta, 


. Ni-ye, ni. 


Knstinda, . 




. Nu. 




Baraga, . . . . 


. Ni. 


*^ 


[xWrn,. . . 




. Tof^, 




Kunimba, . . . 

Irula, 

Malabar, . . . . 


. Ni. 
. Ni. 


LepduL (Siklrim), . 


. ffau. 




. Ni, nir. 




mutam ▼« U 


iop%. 


. CkM. 




Sinhalese,, 


. 


. To. 



Digitized by 



Google 



50 



IL— ER— HE (SHE, IT)— ON— ILLE. 



[chap. II.— pronouns. 



Types. 





< Sanskrit, . 




. Sas, sdy tat. 


'l^ \Arabic, . . 




. Hou^ he. 


s 


'Bask, . . 




. Hura^ ark. 




Finnic, . 




. Han, 




Magyar, . 




. 0. 


^ 


Turkish, . 




. 0, oL 




Circassian, 




. Sisha, 


Georgian, 




. . Igi, iman. 


Mongolian, 




. . Terej ene, tere. 





Mantshu, 




. . 727-^, / . 




Javanese, Ngoko, 


. . Dewe, 




Javanese, Krama, 


Piyambak, 




Malay, . . . 


. Fya, 




r Chinese, Nankin, 


. Td, 




Chinese, Pekin, 


. Td. 


> 


Chinese, Canton, 


. K'u, 


s 


Chinese, Shanghai 


, . Yi, 


Amoy, Colloquial, 


. I, 




Japanese, 




, . Rare, 


Brahuf, . 




. . Dd, 


^ 


' Gydmi, 




. , Thd. 


^ 


Gydrung, . 




Gnd'poSy watu. 


h 


Tdkpa, . 




. . Pe,hL 




Mdnyak, . 




, Thi, 


% 1 


Thochii, . 




. . Kwdn-td-cha, 


1 


Sokpa, . . 




. . Thd, 


^ 


Horpa, . 




. . fajya. 


•1 


Tibetan {wntten\ 


. . Kho, 


5 


Tibetan {spoken), . 


, , Khd, 




rSerpa, .... 


. . Khwo, 


^ 


Siinwdr, . 




. . Hari, 


1 


Gdrung, . 




. . Thi, 


,^ 


Miirmi, 




. . TkS, 


1' 


Magar, 




, , Hos, 


Thdksya, . 




. . Chana, h^mi. 


1 


Pdkhya, . 




, U'kya, 


Newdr, 




. , Wo, 




Limbu, 




. KhiirU. 




^ Kirdnti, . 




. Moko, 




Rodong, . 




, Khu, tydko, hydko. 




Rdngchenbung, . 


Oko, mokOy eu-hydko. 




Chhingtingya, . 


. , Voko, mogo, mogwa. 


^ 


Ndchhereng, . . 


. Mankay yako. 


i 


Wdling, . 




. Aya^ hayakoy moko. 


^ 


Yikha, . 




, Ikhiy khenay yonay mona. 


^ 


Chourdsya, 




TimCy yomey yame. 


tJi 


Kulungya, 




, NdkOy mukoy netako. 


1" 

1 


Thulungya, 




, Hdna, 


Bihingya, 




, Harenty igOy mogo. 


Lohorong, . 




Miy tnoy mo-nu. 


Lambichhong 


> • 


. Akoy monay yonay toma. 


^ 


Bdldli, . . 




. Moy kho. 


Sdng-pdng, . 




, MokOy meko. 




Diimi, . . 




. Momiy yakdnty mam. 




Khiling, . 




. . Tamy yakdmy mam. 




Dungmdli, 




, . Mugo, 




r Ddrhi, . . 




. U, 


i 


Denwdr, . 




. . 7. 


^ 


Pahri, . . 




. HOy U. 


^ 


Chepdng, . 




, u. 


^ " 


Bhrimu, . 




. U, 


^ 


Vdyu, . . 




Mu ; wdthi; d, i. 


|: 


Kuswar, . 




. . Hu-lOyhd-lo, 


"^ 


Kusunda, . 




. . Isiy ity gida ifokpya f). 


OC) 


[ Thdru, . . 




. . C/tu, 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 


. . Heu, 




Bhiitini v. LI 


lopa, 


. Khb, 






I 



I 






Bodo, Bi, 

Dhimdl, Wd, 

Kocch, On-i, 

Garo, U\ 

Kichiri, Caret, 



I 



I 



Munipuri, . . 
MfthinNdgd, . 
Tablung Ndg^ . 
Khiri Ndgi, . . 
Angdmi Ndgi, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgi, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndg^ . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 
Burman (written), 
Burraan (spoken,), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kiimi, .... 
Mni v. Toung, . 
Sik, .... 



Ma, 

Mih, 

Tau-pd, 

Pan, 

Me, 

A'te, 

Pd, 

Pd, 

BUy no, 

Bu, 

Bare-ni, 

Khi, 

Su, 

ThUy iho, 

Ni, 

Ha-nd'i. 

Hu, 

Caret, 

Caret, 



1, 

h 



Talain v. Mon, . . . Nyd, 

Sgau-karen, .... Aiva-iy au, 

Pwo-karen, .... Ur, 

Toungh-thu, .... Wa, 

Shdn, Koung-nick, 

Annamitic, . . . . A'iy no, 

Siamese, Koung-niy man, 

Ahora, Heu, 

KMmti, Man, 

Laos, Many tan, 

fHo(Kol), .... A%a'to, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Ini. 

Santdli, Huniy uniy ona. 

Bhdraij, Ini. 

Urdon, Asdn. 

Mundala, Inni, 

Rdjmahali, .... Ath, 

Gondi, Hare; war ; wur, 

Gayeti, War ; war ; wur, 

Rutluk, Ad. 

Naikude, Ound ; ad. 

Kolami, Ad, 

Mddi, Worti; oru, 

Mddia, Caret. 

Kuri, Hdn, 

Keikddi, Ado, 

Khon^, Yanju; toliyadu; monju. 

Sdvara, Ani. 

Gadaba, Tulokku ; tulo ; tulo. 

Yerukala, Avanu ; avalUy paidi ; adu. 

Chentsu, Vu ; vamhi ; maydta ; vahe. 

' Tamil, anc A kudu, 

Tamil, mod., .... Avan; aval ; adu, 

Malay dl ma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydima, mod., . . Avan; aval; ada, 

Telugu, Vadu ; ame; adi, 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Avam; aval. 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Avanu; avalu ; adu. 

Tuluva, Aye ; aval ; av. 

Kurgi, Caret. 

Toduva, ( . . . . Caret. 

Toda, ) . . . . Adum, avan; aval; adu. 

K6ta, Avane; avale; ade. 

Ba<;laga, Ava ; avla ; adu. 

Kunimba, .... Avanu; avalu ; adu. 

Inija, Ava; avla; adu, 

Malabar, Avany avaly aihu. 

Sinhalese, OhUy aty eka. 



Digitized by 



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CHAP. II. — PRONOUNS.] 



NOUS— WIR— WE— MI— NOS. 



51 



Types, 



'^ (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kiama, 
Malay, . . . 



1 



I 






^ 



s 



I 



J 



4 
S 

I 



I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 

Gydrung, . 

Tdkpa, . 

Mdnyak, . 

Thochd, . 

Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan {spoken,) 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Gdrung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungnidli, 

Ddrhi, . . 

Denwdr, . 

Pahri, . . 

Chepdng, . 

Bhrdmu, . 

Viyu, . . 

Kctswar, . 

Kasonda, . 

Thiru,. . 

LefxJia (Sikkim), 



Avdm^ vayam? 
Nahna, 

Gu, Guk, 

Me, 

Mi, 

Biz, 

Teyru. 

Chwen, 

Bida, 

Be. 

Aku, 

Kula, 

Kdmi^ kita, 

Wo-mhi, 

Wo-min, 
Ngo-ti, 
Ngu-ni. 
Ldn, 

Warera, 

Nan, 

Gno-me, 

Yb. 

Gna-rd. 

A-dur^ a-ju,^ 

ChMlarchikit^ cheun? 

Mi-ni. 

Gna-niy gna-riggiy rigya, 

Na-chag, 

Gnd-njo, 

Ni-rang, 
GaV'ki, 
Gni-mo, 
Gna-ni, 
Kan-kHrik, 

Ghyang'Si;^ ghyang-cha} 
Caret, 
Ji'ping, 
Anige, 

Ankan, 

Kaiy kai;^ ka^ 
Ung-kan /' ung-kanka,^ 
Kana-nay kanga-na, 
Kai;^ ka!" 

I'ka^ U'ka^ kong'kai-ka.^ 
Kani;^ ka,^ 
Unggu-ticha. 
Kekd-dy ko-i; ko-ni, 
Go-ku ; * go-i,^ [go-ku,^ 

Gosi;* gosuku;* Go-i;^ 
Kdchi;"" kdchika;"^ kdni,^ 
Kdnchhi^ etc. [kdningka,^ 
KdchiJ" kdchikafikin;'' ikka,^ 
Kdchi^ etc. ; kayi;^ kani} 
Ichi^ ochuf^ iki ;^ ogne.^ 
Inchi ;^ anchu ;^ ik;^ ok} 
Anchd-kdche^ etc. ; inkan- 

Hd.mi. Cr«'"««^«-' 

Ha-mi, 

Jd-di, 

Ngi-ium. 

Ni. 

Go-khdta. 

Hd-mi, 

Tok'jhigna ;^ cho-baki,^ 

Hang-du;^ hang-log} 

KayH, kd, 
Gnd-cAd. 



I 



I 



Bodo, y^^ (^jong<htir), 

Dhimdl, Ky-el, 

Kocch, Hdmi, 

Garo, Ning, 

Kdchiri, Caret, 



I 






^ 



5 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn N^d, . 
TablungNdgd, . 
Khdri N^d, . . 
Ang^mi Ndgi, . 
Ndmsing Nigi, . 
Nowgong Nigd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

Burman {written), 
Burman {spoken), , 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kdmi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 



Ei'khoi. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Akau, 

Awe, 

Nimd. 

Annok. 

Akhala, 

Ngolu, 

Ngosin, 

Jaru-rau, 

I, 

Nga4o, 

Ngd-do, 

Kin-ni. 

Ka-chi. 

Kd-i-no, 

Caret. 

Caret, 



Talain v. Mon, . . . Pwd, 

Sgau-karen, .... Pwdi, 

Pwo-karen, .... Pwi-dah, 

Toungh-thu, .... Ne. 

Shdn, Koung-niht, 

Annamitic, .... Kyung-tdi, 

Siamese, Khd-aen^ rdu. 

Ahom, Pau, 

Khdmti, Ilau. 

Laos, Hau, 

Ho(Kol), .... Alle.dhu. 

Kol (Singhbhum, . . A ling ;'^ die} 

Santili, ..... A ling,^ dlat^ ;^ die, dban} 

Bhdmij, Alei^y 

Urdon, En. 

Mundala, A'll^e, 

Rdjraahali, .... Ndm^ om. 

Gondi, A'mot, 

Gayeti, Mamad. 

Rutluk, Caret, 

Naikude, Ale{7), 

Kolami, Anandun, 

Mddi, Mam. 

Midia, Caret, 

Kuri, Ale, 

Keikddi, Nang, 

Khoi;i(J, Caret. 

Sivara, Mo-ni, 

Gadaba, Ne-yam, 

Yerukala, NdmUy nam-buru, 

Chentsu, Hame. 

'Tamil, anc, .... Yam. 

Tamil, mod., .... Nam^ nangal. 

Malaydjma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Nam, gna-ngal, 

Telugu, Memu, manamu. 

Karnitaka, anc. . . Am, 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Navu, 

Tujiiva, Enklu, 

Kurgi, Eng. 

Toduva,) .... Caret. 

Toda, ) . . . . Am, em, 

KiSta, Ye-nge, 

Baraga, Ye-ngal, ye-ngla. 

Kunimba, .... Ye-nga, 

Iru)a, Navu, 

Malabar, Ndm, nangal, 

Sinhalese, Api, 



Digitized by 



Google 



52 



VOUS— IHR— YE— VI— vos. 



[chap II.— pronouns. 



^ 






S 



J 



I 

I 






I 



^ (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 
s 

' Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochd, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (wHUm), 
Tibetan {spoken^ 

Serpa, . 

Sdnwir, 

Giirung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Nichhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Vdkha, . 
Chourisya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhongj 
BdMli, . . 
Sing-pdng, 
DUmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

f Ddrhi," . 
Denwdr, 
Pahri, . 
Chepdng, 
Bhrdmu, 
Vdyu, . 
Kuswar, 
Kusunda, 
Thdru, . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 



Yut^dm^ yuyam^ 
Antom, 

Zuek. 

Te, 

Ti, 

Siz. 

Sorisher. 

Thkwen. 

Ta. 

SouwCy soue, 

Kowe. 

Sampeyan. 

Kdmu, 

Ni-mhi. 

Ni-mbi, 

Ni-ti, 

JVdj nung-nd. 

Lin. 

Nanjira. 

Num, 

Ni-me, 

Nyo. 

Ud. 

Non-dur, 

Kwkniko^ kwa-nik-iar. 

Chhi-ni, 

Ni-nij ni-riggi. 

Khyod-chag. 

Khe-njo. 

Khyo-rang. 

Gaiv-ki, 

Ken-mo, 

Ai-ni, 

Ndng-klirik, 

Gni'Si ;^ gnorcha} 

Card. 

Chha-ping. 

Khenih. 

Khananin. 
Khdna-iy khain-i. 
Khdnd-nin; khdnd-na. 
Hdnd-nina. 
A'nd-i, dn-nimo. 
Hdnd-ni. 
Inkhi-niy ^nkhi-ni, 
UnUy gnome4uha. 
A'nd'iy dn-i. 
Gdn4. 

Gasi;^ gani? 
Hdndchi ;^ /idnina.^ 
Khdndchi;"^ khdndni.^ 
Andchi ;^ dnin.^ 
Andchi ;^ dndni.^ 
Yechi;^ dni.^ 
Yechi^ anchi ;^ yen.^ 
ffdndche;^ hananin.^ 

Ta-he. 

To-ho. 

Chhd-di. 

Ning-lum. 

Nung. 

Gone-khata. 

Tu-mi. 

Nok-jhigna ;^ noki-baki} 

Tofig-du^'^ tU'Sal.^ 

Hdyu. 
Khdchd. 



I 



I 
fit) 

.fc 



i 



c^ 



h 



I 



Bodo, 


Nfing-chur. 


Dhimdl, .... 


. Ny-el. 


Kocch, .... 


Tum-i, 


Garo, 


Nan-ok, 


Kichdri, .... 


Caret. 


Munipuri, . . . 


Nung'khoi, 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 


. Caret. 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


Caret. 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Ni-khala. 


Angdrai Ndgd, . . 


, No-to-leli. 


Nimsdng Ndgi, . . 


Nemd. 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


. Na-kara. 


Tengsa Ndgi, . . 


. Na-khala. 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. No-lu. 


Sibsigar Miri, * . 


. No-lu-sin. 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


. JdkugrO'Ui. 


Singpho, .... 


. Ni-iheng. 


' Burman [.written). 


Nang-to. 


Burman (spoken), . . 


. Nen-do. 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


. Nang-ni. 


Kdmi, 


. Nan~chi. 


Kiimi, 


. Nang-chi-no. 


Mrd V. Toung, . . 


. Caret. 


^Sdk, 


. Caret. 


' Talain v. Mon, . . 


. Bin-tau. 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Thu. 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. Nwi'dah. 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


. Nd4he. 


Shdn, ..... 


. Htsuh-nilit. 


Annamitic, . . . 


. Kyung-bay. 


Siamese, .... 


AeHy su. 


Ahom, .... 


. K/iau. 


Khdmti, .... 


. Mau-sii. 


Laos, 


. Caret. 


'Ho(Kol), . . . 


. Appe. 


Kol (Singhbhum), . 


. Ape{}). 
. Aben;^dpe.^ 


Santdli, .... 


Bhiimij, .... 


. ^x?). 


Urdon, .... 


. Asu. 


Mundala, .... 


Inkoghi. 


Rijmahali, . . . 


Nina. 


Gondi, 


Undfy immet. 


Gayeti, .... 


. Im. 


Rutluk, .... 


Caret. 


Naikude, .... 


• ^>(?). 


Kolami, .... 


. Niwa. 


Mddi, 


Mir ad. 


Mddia, .... 


Caret. 


Kuri, 


. Ape. 


Keikddi, .... 


. Ne. 


KhopcJ, .... 


Caret. 


Sdvara, .... 


Aman. 


Gadaba, . . . . 


Pen. 


Yerukala, .... 


Ning-a/u, avaru 


Chentsu, .... 


72r, tu-myi. 


' Tamil, anc, . . . 


Ni-vir. 


Tamil, mod., . . . 


Nir, ningal. 


Malaydlma, anc, 


Card. 


Malaydima, mod., . 


Ning-al. 


Telugu, .... 


Mi-ru. 


Karndtaka, anc, . . 


Nim. 


Karndtaka, mod., . . 


Ni'Vu. 


Tuluva, 


Inukulu. 


Kurgi, 


Ning. 


Toduva, ) . . . . 
Toda, 1 . . . . 


Namma. 


Niv. 


K6ta, 


Ning-e. 


Badaga, 


Ning-la. 


Kurumba, . . . . 


Nir^-a. 


Irula, 


Niv. 


Malabar, 


Niu-gal. 


Sinhalese, 


Topi. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS.] 



ILS—SIE— THEY— ONI— ILLI. 



53 



Types. 




as 

« (Sanskrit, . . . 


Tau,^ Ar,» tdni? 


<! tARABIC, . . 




Horn, 


*N 


Bask, . . . 




Ayek, 




Finnic, . . 




He, 




Magyar, . . 




Ok, 


& 


Turkish, . . 




Aniar. 


.15 


Circassian, . 




Arisher, 




Georgian, . 




. ^S^ni, 


Mongolian, . 




Ete, et^er, tedet. 


Mantshu, . 




Tese, fche. 




Javanese, Ngoko, . . 


Dewe, 




Javanese, Krama, . . 


Piyambak, 




Malay, 


Vya. 




' Chinese, Nankin, . . 


Ta-mhi. 


fc^ 


Chinese, Pekin, . . 


Ta-min, 


X 


Chinese, Canton, . 


K'u-tL 


*! 


Chinese, Shanghai, . 


YUdh. 


►^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . . 


In. 




L Japanese, . 




Karera. 


Brahuf, . . 




Ddfk, 


:§■ 


^Gydmi, . . 




Tha-mk. 


t:; 


Gydrung, . . 




Yapos, 


h 


Tikpa, . 




Fe-rd, 


i 


Mdnyak, . . 




Thi'dur. 


Thochii, . . 




Tdho, thdk-lar. 


1 


Sokpa, . . . 




Tha-ni, 




Horpa, . . 




Ji-ni, Ji-riggi, 


Tibetan (written). 


Kh(hchag, 


s 


Tibetan {spokm\ . . 


Khb-njo, 




Serpa, 


Khwo-rang, 


^ 


Sdnwdr, . 




HareV'ki. 


1 


Giirung, . 




Thi-mo. 


>s 


MiSmii, 




The-nL 




Magar, 




Hos-kurik. 


Thdksya, . 




. ITmi-si^ HmUhd} 


1 


Pdkhya, . 




Caret, 


1^ 


Newir, 




Wo-ping, 




Limbu, . 




Khunchi. 




Kirinti, . 




Moko-chi. 




Rodong, . 




Khu-i, khu-chu^ hay4. 




RiSngchenbung, . . 


Moko. 




Chhingtingya, . . 


Yo-gOy yo-gwdna. 


v» 


Ndchhereng, . . . 


Yako-i, maka-i. 


1 


Wdling, . 




. Haya-ni^ moko-ni, hayak. 


i|^ 


Yikha, . 




Ikhi-ni, yona-nL 


^ 


Chourdsya, 




Yome-ticha, 


^ 


Kulungya, 




Ndko-ni. 




Thulungya, 




Hanom-mim^ hanom-nu. 


Bdhingya, . 




. Haremdd-si;^ haremdd} 


Lohorong, 




Mdhd-chi^ etc. ; mihdna} 




I^mbichhong 


» 


Yona-chi^ etc. ; yokha^ etc 


Bdldli, . . 




. Khochi-hippang ;^ khochi} 


^ 


Sdng-ping, 




. Mokochi ;^ mekoni^ etc. 




Ddmi, . . 




Ydkdm-su ; ' yakam-ham} 




Khiling, . 




Omsa ;^ am-ham,^ 




Dungmdli, 




. Mu,^ moko-chi ;^ mu-kha^ 


vi 


Ddrhi, . . 




Unin, 


1 


Denwdr, . 




. U-ho. 


^ 


Pahri, . . 




U-si^ ho-si. 


'^ 


Cheping, . 




Wo-mai, 


1 


Bhrdmu, . 




. Hu-du, 


Vdyn, . . 




Mu'khata, ko-nie, d-me. 


1 


Ruswar, . 




. ffu-ri, hd-riy M-ring, 


1 


Kusunda, . 




Gida-jhigna ; * gida-baki} 


«tJ 


TWra,, . 




U-nudu ;^ usal} 


Lepcba (Sikkim), . 


. HbyiL 




Bhiit^v.Ii 


iopa» . 


. KUmg. 



t 



•I 



^ 



I 



h 



I 



=1 



I 



' Bodo, Bi-chur. 

Dhimdl, LP-baL 

Kocch, Un-u 

Garo, On-ok^ won-ok, 

Kichiri, Caret, 



' Munipuri, . . . 


. Ma-khoi, 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 


. Caret, 


Tablung Ndgi, . . 


. Caret, 


Khdri N4g4, . . . 


TUng-khata. 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


, To-theie, 


Ndmsing N^d, . 


Sening, 


Nowgong Ndgi, 


. Yau, 


Tengsa Ndgi, . . 


. Tebepd, 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. Bulu, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


. Ullu-bullu, 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


Bario, 


Singpho, .... 


, Khini, 


' Burman (written). 


, Su-to, ThU'fo, 


Burman {spokm\ . . 


ThU'do. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


Ni-di^ ni-li. 


Kdmi, 


Hun-nay ha-ni-chi 


KiSrai, 


Caret, 


Mrd V. Toung, . . 


, Caret, 


[Sik, 


Caret, 



' Talain v. Mon, . . . Nyi-iau. 

Sgau-karen, .... Awa-i-tha^ ya-we-da. 

Pwo-karen, .... Athi-we, 

Toungh-thu, .... Wd-the, 

Shin, Mau-niht. 

Annamitic, .... Kyung-no, 

Siamese, Loung-ni, khauarai, 

Ahom, Khreu, 

Khdmti, Man-khau, 

Laos, Caret. 

Ho (Kol), .... Ako, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Onko (?). 

Santdli, Ondkin;^ onko,* 

Bhiimij, Onko (J), 

Ui4on, Onko (?). 

Mundala, A'nko, 

Rdjmahali, .... A'sabar, dwar. 

Gondi, Hurky wurk, 

Gayeti, Wor, 

Rutluk, ^//(?). 

Naikude, Oundi^), 

Kolami, Awar, 

Mddi, Woru, 

Mddia, Caret, 

Kuri, Arko, 

Keikddi, Ado(^), 

KhoncJ, Caret, 

Sdvara, Ani. 

Gadaba, Mai, 

Yerukala, Tila, avallu, 

Chentsu, Vamhi, 

Tamil, ana, .... Caret, 

Tamil, mod., .... Avar^ avargai. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydjma, mod, . . Avara, 

Telugu, Varu, 

Karadtaka, anc., . . Avar, 

Karndiaka, mod., . . Avaru, 

Tuluva, Akulu, 

Kurgi, Avaru, 

Toduva,) .... Adam. 

Toda, ) .... Avar adam, 

K<5ta, Avare, 

Ba<Jaga, Avaka, 

Kufumba, .... Avaru, 

Inija, Aduru, 

Malabar, Averkal, avei, 

Sinhalese, Owun, 



Digitized by 



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54 



MIEN— MEIN— MINE— MOI—MEUS. 



[chap. II.— pronouns. 



Types, 



■^ (Sanskrit, 
'^ (Arabic, . 



Madiya. 



I 



Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish,. . . . 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . , 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krania, . 
Malay, . . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 



Nere, 

Minun, 

-m, 

-im. 

Caret, 

CJuni, 

Minu, mini. 

Mini, 

-ku. 

Kula, 

A ku-ptmya, 

Wo-tih, 

Wo-H. 

Ngo-ke. 

Ngu-koh, 

Goa-i. 

Watakusinoto, 



I 

5 



I 



I 



G 
•? 

» 



I 



Brahuf, Kand, 

Gydmi, Gno-ti, 

Gyirung, Gnd, 

Tdkpa, Gne-ku, 

Mdnyak, A-i, 

Thochii, Kdk-chi, 

Sokpa, Caret. 

Horpa, Gnd-d, 

Tibetan {written), . . JVd/ii, nayi. 
Tibetan {spoken), , , , Gnayi, 

' Serpa, Gna ti, 

Siinwdr, Aki, 

Gdning, Gnd Id. 

Mdrmi, Gnd Id, 

Magar, Gnou. 

Thdksya, Ghyang-ge, 

Pdkhya, Mero, 

New^r, Ji-gu, ji'tnha. 

Limbu, Ingd-in. 

' Kirdnti, Ang-ko. 

Rodong, A\ afig, ang-ma, 

RiSngchenbung, . . . Ang, ang-ko. 

Chhingtingya, ... A', dkwa, ako-o, 

Nachhereng, .... Ang-mi, 

Wdling, A\dng-pik. 

Yikha, A'-ga. 

Chourdsya, .... A\ d-leme. 

Kulungya, .... Caret. 

Thulungya, .... A\ dmd, 

Bdhingya, A\ wdy wd-ke, 

Lohorong, .... Ung^ kdngd-mi, 

Lambichhong, . . . Ang, urn, ung^ kdkha. 

Bdldli, Um, ung^ kdng-mi. 

Sdng-pdng, .... An, ana-mi, 

Ddmi, (9, o-po. 

Khdling, A\ d-po. 

Dungradli, .... Ang, ang-bi, 

Ddrhi, Me-ro, 

Denwdr, Mo-ra. 

Pahri, Nung-gu^jd-gu, 

Chepdng, Ngd-hi, 

Bhrdmu, Ngd-ku, 

Vdyu, A^'t ang-mu, 

Kuswar, Mdha-na, -im. 

Kusunda, Chi^yi, 

Thdru, Caret, 



I 



I 



I 



Bodo, Angni, 

Dhimdl, Kdng. 

Kocch, Mor^ dngni. 

Garo, Caret, 

Kdchdri, Caret. 






I 

h 

Co 



' Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong Ni^d, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

' Burman {written), 

Burman {spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kdmi, . . . . 
Mrd V. Toung, . 
S4k, . . . . 



Ei-gi, 

Kukuhe. 

Tesei, 

Ni, 

Caret, 

Nga, 

Ka, 

NgaicM, 

Ngoke, 

Ngoke. 

Anyo, 

Ngena, 

Ngdi, 

Ngdi, 

Ki-ko. 

Kd'i'Un, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 



I 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



Kaseusa. 
Gne-gi, 



I 



f Talain v. Mon, . . . Kharu-awdi. 
Sgau-karen, .... Vwaidah, 
Pwo-karen, .... Y'wadah, 
Toungh-thu, .... Caret, 

Shdn, Khoung-kau. 

Annamitic, .... Tdi-minh, 

Siamese, Khon-kha, 

Ahom, Aui^\ kau, 

Khdmti, Kau. 

Laos, Caret. 

'Ho(Kol), .... Inya, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . lyan, 

Santdli, Ting ; ing-red. 

Bhiimij, Inya. 

Ui4on, Enghi. 

Mundala, Jhdtand. 

Rdjmahali, .... Ongki. 

Goi?di, Ndvd dngdo, ndwd. 

Gayeti, Idana, awd. 

Rutluk, Nd7vd, 

Naikude, And, 

Kolami, Aneten, 

Mddi, Ndwd, 

Mddia, Caret, 

Kuri, Ing. 

Keikddi Namtu. 

Kho^d, Ndnde, 

Sdvara, Grdnate. 

Gadaba, Noinyo. 

Yenikala, . . . . . Nungiidedi, namburudu. 

Chentsu, Hamdr. 

Tamil, anc, .... Caret. 

Tamil, mod., .... Enadu, yennudaya. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Enre. 

Telugu, Nddi, nayokka. 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 

Karnataka, mod., . . Nannadu. 

Tuluva, Enrwu. 

Kurgi, Caret, 

Toduva,) .... Caret, 

Toda, j .... Yennadu, 

K6ta, Yennade, 

Badaga, Yennadu, 

Kurumba, .... Nanadu, yefinadu. 

Iruja, Nannadu, yennadu. 

Malabar, Ennudeyathu, enathu. 

Sinhalese, Mage. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. II. — PRONOUNS.] 



TIEN— DEIN— THINE— TVOI-TUUS. 



55 



^ 






■I 
I 

I 



J 

I 
■J 

I 



I 



Types, 

« (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shangha 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tikpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, , 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (written^ 
Tibetan {spokm), 

Serpa, . 

Sdnwdr, 

Giirung, 

Miirrai, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

New^, 

Lirabu, 

Kirinti, 

Rodong, 

Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdlili, . . 

Sing-pdng, 

Diirai, . . 

Kh^ing, . 

Dungmili, 

f Ddrhi, . . 
Denwir, . 
Pahri, . . 
Cheping, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kustmda,. 
TMro,. . 

Lepcfaa (Sikldm), 



Twadiya, 
-ak, 'ki (fem.). 

Hire, zure, 

Sinun, 

-d, 

'in, -ing. 

Caret, 

Sheni, 

Tschinu, tchini, 

Sini. 

-mu, 

Sampeyan, 

Angkau-punya, 

Ni-Hh, 

Ni-ti, 

Ni-ke, 

Nimg-koh, 

Li-i. 

Sonotnonoto, 

Nd, 

Ni-ti, 

M, 

I-ku, 

N^i, 

Kwek chi. 

Caret, 

Ni-i, 

Khyod'kyi, 

Khe-yi, 

Khy6-ti, 

rke, 

Kenld, 

Ai Id, 

Nuwo, 

Gnd-ye, 

Tero, 

Chhang-g&, 

Khene-in, 

Am-ko, 

Khd, khd'tno, 

A'm, dm-ko, 

Hdna, hdnd-yakwa. 

Am, dm-mi, dn-mi, 

A'm, dm-pik, 

In-ga, 

I'ieme, 

Ammi, 

/, ye-tna. 

/, i-ke. 

Am, hdnd-mi, 

A, dm, dn, khdnd-kha, 

A, dm, dp, dm-mi. 

Am, dm-mi. 

A, d-po, 

I, in-po. 

Am, dm-bi, 

Tero, 

To-ra, 

Chhung-gu, 

Ndng-ku, 

Nang-ku, 

Ung, ung-mu, 

Taha-na ; -ir. 

Niyi, 

Card. 

Hadosa. 
Chhe^ 






I 



I 



c^ 



S \ 



«0 



Bodo, Ndng-ni, 

Dhiradl, Ndt^, 

Kocch, Tor, nang-m, 

Garo, Nang-ni, 

Kichdri, Caret. 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthin Ndgd, . 
TablungNdgd, . 
Khdri Nigi, . . 
Angdmi Ndgi, . 
Ndmsdng Nigi, 
Nowgong Ndgi, 
Tengsa Ndgi, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibs^ar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



II 



. . Nung-gi, 

. , Caret. 

, . Caret, 

. , Nang, 

. . Caret. 

, , Md. 

, , Nd. 

, , Mechi. 

. . Noke, 

. . Noke. 

. . Niyo, 

, , Ndna. 

Burman {ivrittm), . . Martgi. 

Burman (spoken), . . . Meni. 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Nang-ko. 

Kimi, Nan-un. 

Kiimi, Caret. 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Caret. 

^Sdk, Caret, 

' Talain v. Mon, . . . Kharu-hpa. 

Sgau-karen, .... Nwdidah, 

Pwo-karen, .... Nwadah. 

Toungh-thu, .... Caret. 

Shdn, Khoung-moung, 

Annamitic, .... Anh-minh, 

Siamese, Khoung-aeng. 

Ahom, Mo. 

Khdmti, Mau. 

Laos, Caret, 

Ho(Kol), .... Umma. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Ummd. 

Santili, Tdm ; dm-rea (dmi f). 

Bhiiraij, Umtrtd. 

Urdon, Ni-enghi. 

Mundala, Amd-tana. 

Rdjmahali, .... Ning-ki. 

Gondi, Nidvu-triand, niwd, 

Gayeti, Niwd, 

Rutluk, Niwd, 

Naikude, Inet, 

Kolami, Inden, 

Mddi, Niwd, 

Mddia, Card. 

Kuri, Ama. 

Keikidi, Nimtu, 

Khond, Minde. 

Sdvara, Ammanate. 

Gadaba, Nenne. 

Yenikala, Ninga4eo, ninadidi. 

Chentsu, Thor. 

Tamij, anc, .... Ninadu. 

Tamil, mod., .... Unadu, unnudaya. 

Malaydjma, anc, . . Card. 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Ninra, 

Telugu, Nidi, niyokka, 

Karnd^aka, anc, . . Card. 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Ninnadu. 

Tuluva, * Innou. 

Kurgi, Card. 

Toduva,) .... Card. 

Toda, ) .... Ninnadu. 

K<5ta, Ninnade. 

Ba(Jaga, Ninnadu. 

Ku|iimba, .... Ninnadu. 

Iruja, Ninnadu. 

Malabar, Ummudiathu, umathu, 

Sinhalese, Toge. 



Digitized by 



Google 



56 



SIEN— SEIN— HIS— EHO— SUUS. 



[chap. II.— pronouns. 



Types, 
h 
« (Sanskrit, 

4 (Arabic, 



r 
<3 



I 



I 



s 



f 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 



4 
I 

I 



i 



ft:) 



Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Silnwdr, 

Gdrung, 

MiSrmi, 

Magar, 

Thiksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wiling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdlmg, . 
Dungmili, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdni, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



Tadiya, 
Ho. 

Bere, arm, 

Hanen. 

'ja, -je. 

-/. 

Caret, 

Thwyesi, 

Ta. 

Tereiy ini, 

-e. 

'ipun, 

I'ya-punya. 

Ta-tih, 

Ta-tL 

Ku-kk. 

Yi-koh, 

14. 

Anofitonoto. 

Ddnd, 

Tha-ti, 
Wd. 
Ph-ku, 
Thi-o. 

T/idkchiy kwandkchi. 
Caret, 
Jyd-a, 

KhS-yi, khb-hi. 
Khb-yi, 

Khwo-ti, 

Hared-ke, mere-ke, 

Thi-ld, 

T/u-id, 

Ho-chiii. 

Hmi-ye, 

Usai-ko. 

Waya-gu, 

Khune-in. 

Mbsb, 

U, Oy urn, khu-mo, 

Uy Oy mO'SOy ya-u-so, 

Uy mo-guta-sekkwa. 

Uy urn, yak-miy manka-mi, 

Hayek-pik. 

/, i-ga, yonaga, 

Gneme-iefne. 

Wd, nakwa-mi. 

U, o-kam, hanom-kam. 

A\ a-ke, harem-ke. 

Urn, mo-mi, meyem-mi, 

Im, ako-im, yona-gndkha. 

U, 0, mom, khomi, 

Um, me-kum, me-komi. 

U, mom, mom-po. 

U, ydkdm, ydkdm-po. 

I-gem, mo-gom, mogombi. 

U-ker. 

Wok-rak, 
Hong-gu, hwang-gu. 

U-ku. 

U-ku. [minung-mu. 

A', d-mu ; wathim-mu ; 
Hulo-kara ; 4k. 

Gida-yi. 

Caret. 

Heusa. 
Kheugi. 



I 



f 



I 



I 



.5 

I 



I 

I 



I 

s 

I 



Bodo, . . 

Dhim^, . 
Kocch, 

Garo, . . 

Kdchdri, . 

Munipuri, 
Mfthin Ndgi, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgi, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa Nigi, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {written), 

Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou 
Kimi, ... 
KUmi, ... 
Mni v. Toung, 
Sdk, ... 



Talain v. Mon, 

Sgau-karen, . 

Pwo-karen, . 

Toungh-thu, . 

Shdn, . . . 

Annamitic, . 

Siamese, . . 

Ahom, . . . 

Khimti, . . 

Laos, . . . 

Ho (Kol), . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 

Santili, . . 

Bhiiraij, . . 

Urdon, . , 

Mundala, . . 

Rdjmahali, . 

Gondi, . . . 

Gayeti, . . 

Rutluk, . . 

Naikude, . . 

Kolami, . . 

Midi, . . . 

Midia, . . 

Kuri, . . . 

Keikidi, . . 

Khond, . . 

Sdvara, . . 

Gadaba, . . 

Yerukala, . . 

Chentsu, . . 



Tamil, ^^^-t 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydima, mod 
Telugu,' . . 
Karnitaka, anc, 
Karaitaka, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
To^uva,) 
Toda, I 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Bi'tii, 

Wang, oko-wang. 

Or, 

U-ni, 

Caret, 

Magi, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Ate, 

Pd, 

Pdchi, 

Buke, 

Buke. 

Biyo, 

Khina. 

Sui. 

Thi^/, th«-^. 

Ni-ko, 

Ha-na-i-un, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Kharu-nyung. 

A'Waidah, 

A'Wadah, 

Caret. 

Khoung-pen. 

A'i-minh. 

Khoung4roung. 

Heu, 

Man, 

Caret. 

At-d, 
Inni, 

Tdi ; hun-rea {un-ea f). 
Aige, 
A'sghi, 
Ann€rd4ana, 
Ahiki, 
Ond, hond, 
Ond, 
Wand, 

Awanet, yennet. 
Awand, 
Wond, hatundu, 
Wond, 
Caret, 
Atuti, 
Yevdnetara, 
Ani-nate. 
Mayino, 

Avanudu, attamu4idi, 
Vahdr, 

Caret. 

Avanadu, avanudaya. 

Caret, 

Avanre, 

Vddidi, vadiokka. 

Caret. 

Avana, 

Ayanou, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Avandu. 

Avanade, 

iAvanadu, 

Avanadu, 

Avanudu, 

Avanudeyaihu. 

Ohuge. 



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CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS.] 



NOTRE— UNSER— OUR— NASH— NOSTER. 



57 






I 



I 

.8 
S5 



I 
I 






5 



■S 



Types. 

-g ^Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, ... 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (written), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Sdnwdr, 

Giirung, 

Mdrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pikhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Nichhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Ddmi, . . 

Khiling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kosanda,. 
TWru,. . 

Lqx:lia (Sikkim), 



Asmadiya. 
-na, 

GurCy geure^ geren, 

Meidan, 

•nk, 

'imiz. 

Caret. 

Chweni. 

ManUy bidanu. 

Meniy musei. 

Kula. 

Kdmi'puna^ kita-puna, -ku, 

Wo-mbi-tih. 

Wo-m^n-ti. 
Ngo-ti-ke. 
Ngu-ni-kuh. 
Ldn4. 

Wataks-domonoto. 

Nand. 

Gnomk-ti. 

Caret. 

Gnard-ku. 

Adur-i. 

Chikuk. 

Caret. 

Gnddrigya. 

Nachag-gi. 

Gndnjo-yi, 

Nird-ti. 
Gihain-ke. 
Gnimodo, 
Innd. 

Kan Mrik^m. 
Ghyang'Si-ye ;^ ghyang- 
Caret. \cha-ye} 

Jiping'gu. 
Anigen-in, 

A' in ko. 
I-mo, di-mo. 
A'in-kwa. 
KdnU'gnaikku'a. 
Woki-mi. 
Ang-kapik. 
Aen-ga. 
Iki'leme. 
Wokhi-mi. 
A'ki-ma^ iki-ma. 
I-si^ wa-si;^ ikke,^ wake.^ 
Kd-chim^ kd-chikam.^ 
Kdn-chhi,^ kan-chhigna.* 
Kd-chim, * kd-chigam;^i-king. * 
U-chUy^ an-chu ^ ye.^ 
I-chi? (hchu;^ in-ki.^ 
Is,^ OS,-* ik,^ ok.^ 
An-cha^ an-chaga ;^ anga,^ 

Ham-ro. 

Ham-rai. 

Jd-gu. 

Ngi-ku. 

Ni-ku. 

Ang^n^ ar^-chimo. 

Ham-dra. 

Tbk-j'higna-yiy^ chobaki-yida.^ 

Hamamu-hye^ ham-log- 

\kau? 
Kay^i-pongsa. *• 

GmkA4g$. 



I 

■I 
I 

I 



I 



•§• fBodo, . 
I Dhimil, 
^ \ Kocch, 
^ Garo, . 
:^- [Kdchiri, 

' Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgi, 
Khdri Nigi, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndg^ 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman (written), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . 
Kdmi, . 
Mni V. Toung, 

[Sdk, . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum), 
Santili, 
BhiSraij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . 
Midia, 
Kuri, . 
Keikddi, 
Khon^, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 
Yenikala, 
Chentsu, 

Tamij, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlraa, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod 
Telugu,* . . 
Karadtaka, anc, 
Karad^ka, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toijuva,) 
Toda, ) 
K<5ta, . . 
Bacjaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Iruia, . . 
Malabar, . 
, Sinhalese, . 



Jong-ni. 

King. 

Hdm-aro. 

Ning-ni. 

Caret. 

Eikhoi-gi. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Asdn. 

Akhali. 

Caret. 

Ngo-luke. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Ngd-toi. 

Ngd-doi. 

Kini'ko. 

Kachi-un. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Kharu-away-tau. 

Pwdidah. 

Pwadah. 

Caret. 

Khoung'houng. 

Kyung4di-minh. 

Khonkha-tsoung. 

Ran. 

Hau. 

Caret. 

AUea, abU. 

AUe-d. 

Tdling;^ tdle, taban^ 

A'busa-ban. [{ailed f). 

Emhi. 

Ahud'tana. 

Emki, ndm-ki. 

Mdbdi, mawa. 

Idana, awa. 

Mawa. 

A'med. 

And. 

Mawa^ adunawand. 

Caret. 

Nan. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Moni-nate. 

Niyyino. 

Namburudu. 

Hamdr. 

Emadu. 

NamadUy yengaludaiya. 

Caret. 

Nammute, nangngalu(e. 

Mddi, md-yokka. 

Caret. 

Nammadu. 

Enkulanou. 

Yengatfa^ nangatfa. 

Caret. 

Yemmadu, nammadu. 

Nangude, 

YengadUy nammadu. 

Yengadu. 

Nammudu. 

EngaludeyaihUf emathu. 

Apk. 



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58 



VOTRE— EUER— YO U R— VASH— VESTER. 



[chap. II. — PRONOUNS. 



1 
I, 






I 






4 






Types. 

I (Sanskrit, 
'l^ (Arabic, 

' Bask, . 
Finnic, 
Magyar, 
Turkish, 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gydrai, 
Gydrung, 
Tikpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {ivrUt€n), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Giirung, 

Mdrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
RUngchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

fDdrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcba (Sikkim), 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 



Yushmadiya, 
-kom, 

Zuen^ zeuen, zerm. 

Teidan. 

-tok, -iek. 

-iniz. 

Caret. 

Thkweni, 

Tanu, 

SuenL 

-mu, 

Sampeyan. 

Kdmu-puhay -mu. 

Ni-m^n-tih. 
Ni-mtn-ti. 
Ni4i-ke. 
Na-kuh, 

Nanjiranoto, 

Numd, 

Nitne-ti. 

Caret, 

Ird-ku. 

Nondur-i, 

Kwdnikuk. 

Caret, 

Niirigya. 

Kyhodchag-gi, 

Khenjo-yi, 

Khyord-ti, 

Gai-ain-key in-ke. 

Kememo-io. 

Anna, 

Nang-kurikum. 

Eni-si-ye;^ gna-cha-ye,^ 

Caret. 

Chhaping-gu, 

Khenih^ in. 

A'mnv. 

Kha-mOy khdi-nw. 

A'ntfio, 

Hdni-yakkwa, 

Amni-mowd. 

Haye-kapik. 

Ning-ga. 

Muyemdeme, 

Amni-mi, 

Ini-md. 

I-siy^ i-sike;^ i-ni,^ 

Am-chi;^ am-ni.^ 

Khdna-chhi;^ khdnani.^ 

A'nd-chim;^ dninim,^ 

A'm-chu ;^ amnu.^ 

An-chi;^ anni} 

Vh;^yen.^ 

Am-cJia;^ amga,^ 

Taharo (tumharo ?). 

Caret. 

Chhd-gu. 

Ning'ku. 

Nufig-ku. 

Ung-chimu ;^ un-nimu} 

Ttim-drd, 

Nok -jhigna -yi ; nokibaki - 

Tahdrasa-bake. [yida.^ 

/fayii-pongsa. 
Khen<hegi. 





mgat. 1 


fBodo, 


Nangchur-ni. 




Dhimdl, .... 


Ning. 




05 . 


Kocch, .... 


Tum-aro. ' 




''j 


Garo, 


Nanok-ni. 




^ 


Kdchdri, .... 


Caret, 






' Munipuri, . . . 


Nungkhoi-gi. 




•^ 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 


Caret. 




1 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


Caret, 




"^ 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Caret. 




V 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


. Caret. 




■1, 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 


. Caret. 




1 


Nowgong N^d, 


Nil. 




><; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


. Ndkhali. 




p 


Abor Miri, . . 


Caret, 




1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


No-luke, 




''J 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


. Caret. 






Singpho, .... 


Caret. 




1 


' Burman {wHt/eit), 


Mang-toi. 




! 


Burman {spoken), . . 


Men-doi. 




<^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. Nangni-ko. 




h' 


Kdmi, 


. Nanchi-un, 




^ 


Kiimi, 


Caret. 




\ 


Mni v. Toung, . . 


Caret. 




"^ 


Sdk, 


Caret. 






Talain v. Mon, . . 


Kharu-hpay4au. 






Sgau-karen, . . . 


Thu-waidah. 




Pwo-karen, . . . 


NHhi-wadah. 




1 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


Caret. 




Shdn, ..... 


Khoung-moung-pen. 




Annamitic, . . . 


Kyung-bay-minh. 




Siamese, .... 


Khrong-tsoung-aai. 




1 


Ahom, 


Khau. 




Co 


Khdmti, 


MaU'Su. 






Laos, 


Caret. 






Ho(Kol), . . . . 


Appka. 






Kol (Smghbhum), . . 


Appea, 






Santdli, 


Tdben;^ tdpe ;^ (appe?). 






Bhiimij, 


{A'ppe,tdpet) 






Urdon, 


Assghi. 






Mundala, 


A'pid-tana. 






Rdjmahali, . . . 


Nimki. 






Gondi, 


Nia-hilUy niwa, miwa. 




1 


Gayeti, 


Ida-wonan. 




Rutluk, 


Miwa. 




^■ 


Naikude, 


Imed. 




1 


Kolami, 


Yeinnaton. 




^ 


Mddi, 


Miwa, aduniwand. 




v-> 


Mddia, 


Caret. 






Kuri, 


Caret. 






Keikddi, 


Miwa ? 






Khond, 


Caret. 






Sdvara, 


Amannate. 






Gadaba, 


Caret. 






Yerukala, 


Ningalide, nine-bududu. 






Chentsu, 


Thor, 






Tamil, anc, . . . . 


Numadu. 






Tamij, mod., . . . . 


Umadu, ungaludai. 






Malaydlma, anc, . . 


Caret. 






Malaydlma, mod., . . 


Ningngalute. 






Telugu,* 


Midi, miyokka. 






Karndtaka, anc, . . 


Caret. 




"5 


Karndtaka, mod., . . 


Nimmadu, 




1 


Tuliiva, 


Inknlanmi, 




r 


Kurgi, 


Ningada, 




Toduva,) . . . , 
Toda, 1 . . . . 


Caret, 




1 


Nimmadu, ningadu. 






K6ta, 


Ningitde. 






Badaga, 


Ningadu. 


i 




Kurumba, . . . . 


Ningadu. 






Irula, 


Nimmudu. 






Malabar, 


Utigaludeyathu, umathu. 


1 




Sinhalese, 


Topt. 



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CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS.] 



LEUR—IHR— THEIR— IKH—SUUS. 



59 



. Types. 






' Bodo, Bichur-ni, 


1 (Sanskrit, 
'^ (Arabic, . 




. . Tadiya. 
-horn. 


Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 


• 






. . C3a/-Jb. 
. . Un-ndr, 
. . Onok'fti. 


f Bask, . . 




. . Beren^ ayen, aen, en. 


'k 


Kichdri, 








. . Caret, 




Finnic, . 




. . Heidan. 




' Munipuri, 






. . Makhoi-gi, 




Magyar, . 




. . -jok. 


•nJ 


Mfthdn Ndgd, 




. . Caret. 




Turkish, . 
Circassian, 




. . '/are, 
. . Caret 


t^i 


Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgi, . 




. . Caret, 
. . Caret. 


f 


Georgian, 




. . Mathi. 


V 


Angdmi Ndgd, 




. Caret, 


Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 




. . Edenu. 
. T\henu 


1- 


Ndmsdng Ndg^ 
Nowgong Ndgd, 


. Caret, 
, Pd-ri, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 


. < 


ti: 


Tengsa N^d, . 


. Pd-li, 




Javanese, Krama, 


4pun, 


K 


Abor Miri, 




. Bulu-ke. 




Malay, . . , 


. rya-puna, -na. 


Sibsdgar Miri, 




. Bulu-ke, 




' Chinese, Nankin, 


. Td-mhi-tih. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, 




. Caret, 
Caret, 




Chinese, Pekin, . 


. Td-min-tL 




bmgpho, .... 


> 


Chinese, Canton, 


. K'u-ki-kL 


1 


' Burman (written). 


Su-toi. 


1' 


Chinese, Shanghai 


. Yi-la-kuh, 


>» 


Burman (spoken), . . 


. TJiu-dol 


•5 


Amoy, Colloquial, 


, In-^, 


"I 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


. Nidi-ko, 




Japanese, . . 


. Kareranoto, 


h- 


Kdmi, 


. Hanichi-un, 








« 


Kdmi, . . . 




. Caret, 


Brahuf, 




. Ddfta, 


1 


Mni v. Toung, 




. Caret, 


:^ 


Gyimi, 




, Thame-tL 


^ 


Sdk, . . . 




. Caret, 




Gydning, . 




. Caret, 




' Talain v. Mon, 




. Kharum-yin-tau. 




Tdkpa, . 




, Pkrd-ku, 


> 


Sgau-karen, . 




Aivaitha-wdidah. 


Mdnyak, . 




. Thidur-i, 


.ft 


Pwo-karen, . 




Athi-wadah, 




Thochii, . 




. Thakiik. 


\ 


Toungh-thu, . 




. Caret, 


1 


Sokpa, . . 




. Caret. 


\ 


Shdn, . . . 




. Khoung-houng-pefi. 


Horpa, . . 




. Jaa-rigya. 


S ' 


Annamitic, . 




. Kyung'fUhminh. 


^ 


Tibetan {Tvrittm), . 


. Khochag-gi. 


h 


Siamese, . . 




. Khonkha-tsoung-aeti, 


2 


Tibetan (spoken), 


. Khonj(hyi. 


5 


Ahom, . . . 




. Khreu, 






CO 


Khdmti, . . 




. Man-khau. 




Serpa, 


. Khword-ti, 




Laos, . 




Caret, 


. 


Sdnwdr, . 




Hariain-ke. 










1 


Giirung, . . 
Miirmi, 




TTiame-la. 




'Ho(Kol), . , 




, Akod, 




. Thennd. 




Kol (Singhbhum 


), '- 


, En-kod. 


"5 

1 


Magar, 




Akuriktim. 




Santili, . . 




, Tdkin ;i tdko * (unkure ?). 


Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, . . 
Limbu. 




. Hmi-si-ye;^ hmi-cha-ye.^ 
. Caret. 

Waping-gii. 

Khunchi-in. 




Bhdmij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 






. TdJu? (?). 
. Caret. 

Ankod-tana, 
. A'sd-beriki. 


^ ' 








Gondi, 






Ond-dnd^ hon^ ivora, wura. 




' Kirdnti, , . 




. Myaucho, mayo-so. 


i 


Gayeti, 






Ada-ivonan, 




Rodong, . . 




. Khu-mOy khu4-mo. 


^ 


Rutluk, 






Hade-nae, 




Riingchenbung, . . 


. Myd'U'Cho. 




Naikude, 






Awaned, 




Chhingtingya, . . 


. Hung-chdkkwa. 


1 


Kolami, 






. Awareten, 


c^ 


Ndchhereng, . . . 


Yakmo-mi. 


^ 


Mddi, . 






IVona, adun-monandana. 


I 


Wiling, . 




. Kayan-kapik. 




Midia, 






. Caret. 


< 


Ydkha, . 




. Ichi-ga. 




Kuri, . 






. Caret, 


1 


Chourdsya, 




GonO'maHcha4eme. 




Keikddi, 






. IVora 1 


tS 


Kulungya, 




. Kwachi'tni^ na-kivachitni. 




Khond, 






Caret. 




Thulungya, 




Hanom-mikam. ' 




Sdvara, 






Aninate, 


Bdhingya, 




. Asike;^ dni.^ 




Gadaba, 






. Mayyino, 




Lohorong, . 




. Mahachim;^ mihachim.^ 




Yerukala, 






Avanudu. 


Lambichhong 


1 


. Akochhi ;^ aokha.^ 




Chentsu, 






. Vahdr, 




Bdldli, . . , 




Michim ;^ mochim} 




' Tamil, anc. 






Avaradu, 




Sdng-pdng, . 




. Me'k(hchim!^ 




Tamil, mod., . 




AvaradUy avargaludaiva. 




Diimi, . . . 
Khdling, . . 




Ydkdm-supo ;^ man-hdm^ 
Unsu ;^ ydkdm? 




Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod., . 


. Caret. 
Avarute. 




Dungmdli. 




. Mugum ;^ mugum-ga.'^ 




Telugu,' .... 


Vdridiy vdndla. 




r Ddrhi, . . . 




Un-karo, 




Karndtaka, anc, 


. Caret. 


1 


Denwdr, . . 




. Wal-ko. 


1 


Karndiaka, mod., . 


. Avaradu. 


^ 


Pahri, . . . 




. Asya-gu. 


Tuluva, .... 


Akulunou, 


'^ 


Chepdng, . . 




Umai-ku. 


i- 


Kurgi, . . . 






. Ayanda^ adanda. 


rS- 


Bhr^u, . . 




Un-ku. [pomu.^ 
. A'cAimu,^ wdthim-nc^' 




Toduva,) . 
Toda, ; . 






Caret, 


(^ 


Viyu, . . . 




4 






. Avardu, 


1 


Kuswar, . . 
Kusanda, . . 




. Hdrir^-kara, [yida? 
Gida-jhigna-yi ;^ gidabaki- 




Kdta, . . . 
Badaga, . . 






Avarade, 
. Avaradu, avakaradu. 


«ti 


Thdni,. , . 




Udu-wonko;^ una-kara.^ 




Kuinmba, 
Irula, . . . 
Malabar, . . 






. Avaradu, 


Lepdia (Sikkim), . 


. Hoy^t^ongsa. 
, Kimg-gji, 








. Oni. 




BhdtaDi v» Lo 


lopa, . 




Sinhalese, 








. Ungi. 



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6o 



CE— DIESER— THIS— ETO (SEI)— HIC 



[chap. ii.~pronouns. 



Types. 




1. 


Bodo, . . 


. . . . Imbe, imbo. 




^ (Sanskrit, 
•I, (Arabic, . 




. . . Eshas {etad), ayam^ idam. 
. . . Hdza. 


Dhimdl, 

Kocch, 

1 Garo, . 




. . . . rthoi, iti, idong. 
. . . . Ydhi. 
. . . . Tmara. 






Bask, . . 




. . . Au, oneky oyek;^ auk^ oek.^ 


^ [Kdch^, 




. . . . Caret. 






Finnic, . 




. . . Tama. 




' Munipuri, 




. . . . Yo. 






Magyar, . 




. . . Ez. 


1 


Mfthin Ndgi 


, . . . m-ha. 




^ 


Turkish, . 




. . . Bu. 


Tablung Nig 


d, . . . Thoi-nan. 




1 


Circassian, 




. . . Wusey. 


1 


Khdri Ndgd, 


. . . . Pio. 






Georgian, 




. . . Es. 


"^ 


Angdmi Ndg^ 


L, . . . Hawe. 




Mongolian, 




. . . En€. 


1, 


Ndmsing Nd| 


5d,. . . A'ra. 




Mantshu, 




. . . Ere. 


8 


Nowgong Nd 


gd, . . Yd-e. 






Javanese, Ngok 


0, . . Iki. 


ii; 


Tengsa Ndgd 


, . . . Igdkd. 






Javanese, Kram 


a, . . Punniki. 


1 


Abor Miri, 


. . . . Si, issi. 






Malay, . . 


. . . FnL 


Sibsdgar Miri 


, . . . Shidebulu. 






' Chinese, Nanki 


n, . . Che-ko, 


<*) 


Deoria Chuti 


a, . . . Taihoni. 




kVs 


Chinese, Pekin, 


. . Che-ko. 




Singpho, . 


. . . . Ndai. 




> 

r 


Chinese, Canto 


n, . . Li-ko. 


•« 


' Burman {writt 


m), . . /, sin. 




Chinese, Shang 


hai, . Ti'kuh. 


> 


Burman {spoke 


n\. . . I, (hi. 




>5 


Amoy, Colloquia 


l1, . . Chit-i. 


"^ 


Khyeng v. Sh 


lou, . . Ni, i-ni. 






Japanese, 


. . . Kore^ kono. 


h- 


Kdmi, . . 


. . . . Hi. 










«: 


Kiimi, . . 


. . . . Caret. 




Brahuf, . 




. . . Ddd. 


"1 


Mni V. Tounj 


5, . . . Caret. 




:§■ 


' Gyimi, 




. . Thikou. 


^ 


Sdk, . . 


. . . . Caret. 




t; 


Gydrung, . 




. . Chidi. 




' Talain v. Mo 


n, . . . Eftan. 




h 


Tdkpa, . 




. . Wochu. 


M 


Sgau-karen, 


. . . . Tah'i. 




1 


Mdnyak, . 




. . Thu. 


.5 


Pwo-karen, 


. . . . A'yu. 




Thochii, . 




. . Chd. 


1 


Toungh-thu, 


... Yo. 




1 


Sokpa, . . 




. . Am, yeni. 


1 


Shdn, . . 


. . . . Tso-niht. 




V 


Horpa, 




. . U'de. 


S ' 


Annamitic, 


. . . . Ndi. 




.« 


Tibetan (Tvriden), 


. . Hade. 


h 


Siamese, . 


, . . . Ni4aiyni. 




2 


Tibetan (spoken). 


. . Di. 


.3 


Ahom, . . 


. . . . lu. 








^ 


Khdmti, . 


. . . . An-nai. 






Serpa, . . . 


. . Dirdng. 




Laos. . . 


. . . . Ni. 




-Qv 


Siinwdr, . . 




. . Yekwe. 


V^ 7 






^ 


Giirung, . . 
Murmi. 




. . Chun-yo, 
CMn. 




Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbh 


. . . m. 

um), . . Nea. 




1 

1 


Magar, . . 
Thdksya, . . 
Pdkhya, . . 
Newdr, . . 
T.imhii 




. . Ise-nd. 
. . Pa-dng'kyungpa. 
. . Yehi^yo. 
. . Tho. 
Kon. 




Santdli, 

Bhiimij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rdjmahali 




. . . Nu'i, nu-d, ni-d. 
. . . Ni. 
. . . Edah. 
. . . Nia. 
. . . Ih. 




^ - 7 








Gondi, 




. . . Yer (mas.), id (fem 


.) 




' Kirdnti, . . 




. . Wo. 


:S 


Gayeti, 




. . . IdO). 
. . . Id\}). 






Rodong, . . 




. . Hydy hyd'ko. 


1 


Rutluk, 








Riingchenbung, . 


. . 0, oko. 


■^ ' 


Naikude, 




. . . Id. 






Chhingtdngya, 


. . Oko, bago, nago. 


1 


Kolami, 




. . . Idda. 




t 


Ndchhereng, . 


. . Unu, ang-na. 


C^ 


Mddi, . 




. . . Veru, viru, attu. 




t 


Wiling, . . 




. . Ognd, oko, ipigna. 




Mddia, 




. . . Caret. 




Ydkha, . -. 




. . Khena, nd, nd-md, d-me. 




Kuri, . 




. . . Caret. 




1 


Chourdsya, 




. . Caret. 




Keikddi, 




. . . Kite. 




Kulungya, 




. . Ing'kong, inkopL 




Kho^d, . 




. . . Caret. 




"^ ■ 


Thulungya, 




. . Wo, woram; wochi;^ wo- 




Sdvara, 




. . . Am. 




^ 


Bdhingya, . 




. . Yam, y em. [mim.^ 




Gadaba, , 




. . . Caret. 




■•« 


Lohorong, . 




. . /'go. 




Yerukala, . 




. . . Avanu. 




15 

.2 


Lambichhong 


> 


. . m, ndrok. 




Chentsu, . 




. . . Vahare, vu. 




^5 


Bdldli, . . 




. . Ko4. 




' Tamil, anc. 




, . . Ivan, ival, idu. 






Sdng-pdng, 




. . Noko, nokognd. 




Tamij, mod., . 


. . . Ivan, ival, idu. 






Diimi, . . 




. . Tern, temgna. 




Malaydlma, ai 


ic, . . Caret. 






Khdling, . 




. . Tomgnd. 




Malaydlma, n 


lod., . . Ivan, ival, ita. 






Dungmdli, 




. . Igo. 




Telugu,' . . 


. . . Vl4u, idi. 






' Dirhi, . . 




. . U. 




Karndtaka, an 


c, . . Caret. 




1 


Denwir, . 




. . /. 


1 


Karndtaka, m 


od., . . Ivanv, iva^u, idu. 




C 


Pahri, . . 




. . U, ho. 


Tuluva, . , 


. . . Ayino. 




1- 


Cheping, . 
Bhrdmu, . 




. . U. 

. . u. 


^ 


Kurgi, . . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, 1 . 


. . Ivu, iva, idu. 
. . . Caret. 




f^ 


Vdyu, . . 




. . /. 


1 


. . . Avan. 




1 


J y 

Kuswar, . 




. . Ifu^, hd-lo. 




Kdta, . . . 


. . . Avane. 




Kusunda, . 




. . Td-i, td. 




Badaga, . . 


. . . Avana. 




"^ 


Thdru. . . 




. . Caret. 




Kurumba, 


. . . Avana. 




' 








Iruja, . . . 


. . . Ava. 




Lepcha (Sikkim) 


, . . ArL 




Malabar, . . 


. . . Avanudeva. 






Bhiitdni v. O 


lop 


a, . . Di, didi. i 




Sinhalese, . 




. . . Mk. 





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CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS.] 



CE (CELA)— JENER—THAT— ETOT (TOT)— ILLE. 



1 



Types. 

(Sanskrit, .... Asau {adasy amu), etad. 

(Arabic, Z4lik, 

Bask, Ori^orrekyOriek;'^ hura^ark^ 

Finnic, Tuo, [ayek;* ak, cuk? 

Magyar, Az, 

Turkish, Ol^o, 



Circassian, 
Georgian, . . 
mongolun, . . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 



Sfz'showah. 

Is. 

Tere, 

Tere, 

Ika. 

Punnika, 



Malay, rtu. 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 



Na-ko. 

Na-ko, 

K(hko, 

Ku-kuh, 

Hit-i, 

Sore, sono. 



i 



k 



< 



't 



\ 



4 



4 



I 



I 

I 
I 



Brahuf, Od, ed. 

Gydmi, Lakou, 

Gydning, ffadi. 

Tdkpa, Wotho. 

Mdnyak, QuathH, 

Thochii, 7M, 

Sokpa, ThenL 

Horpa, Oufhdyye, 

Tibetan (writun), . . DL 

Tibetan (spokm), . . . Pki-di, 

Serpa, Phi-dirdng, 

Siinwdr, Makwe. 

Gdrung, Ho-chikn-yo. 

MiSrmi, Ha-chan, 

Magar, O-se-nd, 

Thiksya, Cha, khapami, 

Pdkhya, Wdhiu. 

New^, Wo. 

Limbu, Khm, 

Kirdnti, Mo. 

Rodong, Tya, tya-ko, 

Rungchenbung, . . . Mo, mo-ko, kho-kho, 

Chhingtdngya, . . . Kho-kho, mo-go. 

Ndchhereng, .... Khdn-ko-u; yak-gna. 

Wdling, Khognd, kho-ko, haya-ya. 

Ydkha, Yo-^ia, yo-ndmd, ime. 

Chourdsya, .... Caret 

Kulungya, .... Mung-kong, nd-kong, na-kopi. 

Thulungya, .... Myo, myo-rdm, kan-iim. 

Bdhingya, My dm, mem harem. 

Lohorong, .... Mo. 

Lambichhong, . . . Yond, yonarok, dko. 

Bdldli, Mo^. 

Sdng-pdng, .... Moko, mokognd. 

Ddmi, Momi, ydkdm, yakamgna. 

Khdling, Mdmgnd. 

Dungniili, .... Mu-gq. 

D^hi, U. 

Denwdr, /. 

Pahri, U, ho. 

Chepdng, U. 

Bhrdmu, U. 

Vdyu, Wdthi, mi (mu f). 

Koswar, Hu4o, hd-io. 

Kusunda, Issi, it. 

Thdni, U. 



Lq>cba (Skkim), . 



Ori. 
Phiyphidi. 






I 



^ 









.8 






I 



Bodo, . . . . 
Dhimdl, . . . 
Kocch, . . . 
Garo, .... 
Kichdri, . . . 

' Munipuri, . . . 
Mfthin Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsing Ndgd, . 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa Ndgi, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

Burman (written), 
Burman {spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, .... 
Kdmi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sdk, . . . . 

Talain v. Mon, . 
Sgau-karen, . . 
Pwo-karen, . . 
Toungh-thu, . . 
Shin, .... 
Annamitic, . . 
Siamese, . . . 
Ahom, .... 
Khdmti, . . . 
Laos, . . . . 



Ho (Kol), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 
Santili, . . . 
BhiSmij, . . . 
Urdon, . . . 
Mundala, . . . 
Rdjmahali, . . 
Gondi, .... 
Gayeti, . . . 
Rutluk, . . . 
Naikude, . . . 
Kolami, . . . 
Mddi, .... 
Mddia, .... 
Kuri, .... 
Keikidi, . . . 
Khon<J, . . . 
Sdvara, . . . 
Gadaba, . . . 
Yemkala, . . . 
Chentsu, . . . 



Tamil, anc, . 
Tamil, mod., . 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod., 
Telugu,' . . . 
Kar^dtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod., 
Tuluva, . . . 
Kurgi, .... 
Toduva, > r . 
Toda, J . . 
K<5ta, .... 
Badaga, . . . 
Kufumba, . . 
Ini}a, .... 
Malabar, . . . 
Sinhalese, . . . 



Obe, hobo. 

Uthoi, uti, udong. 

Vohi. 

Omara. 

Caret. 

Ta-hlon. 

m-ha. 

Thoi'thco. 

Poicho chu. 

Liwe. 

Prapd 

Aunchika. 

Ochika. 

liina. 

Ullubullu. 

Bare. 

Orawd. 

Tho, ho. 

Tho, ho. 

Oni. 

Ma-hd. 

Caret. 

Caret 

Caret. 

Tai-kau. 

Tah-nu, a-nd. 

A'nau. 

Ta-hlon. 

Tso-nan. 

Kia. 

Nan-lai, nan. 

Heu. 

An-nan. 

Nan. 

En. 
End. 

Uni, hdnd, hond, ond. 
Caret. 
Hudah. 
A'nd 
Ah. 

Hud, war, wor. 
Wor. 
Wor. 
Ad 
Atol. 

Worn, oru, attu. 
Caret. 
Handi. 
Tare. 
Yerivi. 
Am. 
Tono. 
Adu. 
Vahe, he. 

Avan, aval, adu. 

Avan, aval, adu. 

Caret. 

Avan, avaf, ata. 

Vd^fu, adi. 

Caret. 

Avanu, avalu, adu. 

Avu. 

Avu, ava, adu. 

Ad 

Adu. 

Adu. 

Adu. 

Adu. 

Adu. 

Ah thu, athu. 

Ara. 



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62 



QUEL— WELCHER— WHICH (reL.)— KOTORI— QUI (QUOD). [chap. II.— PRONOUNS. 



^ ^/^^. 






1 (Sanskrit, . . . 


YaSy yd, yat. 


1 


•^ (Arabic, . 




. IllazL 


ly 


"n 


Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 




. Ztv/, zcua^ zefiak; zcin^ zeina, 
/oka (root =/')• 


S; 




Magyar, . 




. Mei/y. 


< 


^ 


Turkish, 




Caret. 


?. 


^ 


Circassian, 




Terrahrev. 


1 


^1 


Georgian, 




Caret. 


'^ 


Mongolian, . . 


Caret. 


.b 




Mantshu, . . . 


. Caret. 


? 1 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 


. Sing, kang (rel. and correl.). 






Javanese, Krama, 


. Jtigkarig, kangi^^X. and cor.). 


? 




Malay, . . . . 


Yang (rel. and correl.). 


^ 

^ 




r Chinese, Nankin, . 


So, sho. 


^ 




Chinese, Pekin, . 


So, sho. 




6 


Chinese, Canton, . 


So, sho. 


2 


■§ 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


. Su. 


s 


•5 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


. So. 


^5 




Japanese, , 




Dore, dochi, dono. \ 


h- 


Brahuf, 




. Arh. 




^ 


' Gydmi, . 




. Hi-me (rel.), la'-ifie (corr.). 




S 


Gydrung, . 




. Caret. 




'b 


Tdkpa, . 




. Caret. 




^ 


Mdnyak, . 




. Caret. 


.ft 


^ ' 


Thochii, . 




. Caret. 


1 


1 

5^ 


Sokpa, 




. Caret. 


1 


Horpa, 




Caret. 


En 


^ 


Tibetan {wrincn). 


. Caret (rel.). ' 


h 


d 


[ Tibetan {spoken). 


. Thinda (rel.), the (corr.). 


% 

.Q 




r Serpa, .... 


. Siuin (rel.), thi-ddng (corr.). 


^ 


^^ 


Siinwdr, . 




. Teku'e (rel.), mekwe (corr.). 




'^ 


Gurung, . 




. Su (rel.), //// (corr.). 




^ 


Mdrmi, . . 




. KM-ehud (rl. ) , ho-chua (cor. ). 




'^ 1 


Magar, . . 




. Kos (j^\.\hos (corr.). \hemhi. 




3, 


Thdksya, . 




Khandng-pemhi, khaju- 




^. 


Pdkhya, . 




. Jimamhlia, jaunamdnehha. 




<* 


Newdr, 
Limbu, 




Gu, su (rel.), 7vo (corr.). 1 
. A'ti (rel.), khm (corr.). 1 






r Kirdnti, . 




. Sd (rel.), kho (corr.). 


;3 




Rodong, . 




Tyo-so; tya-kwa, chi. 


^ 




RiSngchenbung, . 


. Sdng; khvg'Ud. 


"3 i 




Chhingtdngya, . 


. Hokkogo; ho-en. 


1 


j:^- 


Ndchhereng, . . 


. As; khan. 


e 


^ 


Wdling, . 




Khd'U; khog-nd. 




^ 


Ydkha, . 




. Isd; ikhi. 




1 


Chourdsya, 




Thdme; ane. 




^ 


Kulungya, 




. A'sd; kho. 




1 


Thulungya, 




Uhem; myo. 




Bdhingya, 




. Mem. 






Lohorong, 




Caret. 




St 

5 


Lambichhon^ 


>> • 


. . C/'ndok. 




i< 


Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 




. . KIwsd, khosdio. 
. . Khognd. 
. . Mom. 
. . Caret. 
. . I/d-go. 




< 


fDdrhi, . . 




. . I'Sek, U'Sek (rel.). 


Q 


,i 


Denwdr, . 




. . /(rel.), ^'(corr.). 


1 


< 


Pahri, . . 




. A'rkhyd-gu (rel.), horkhyd- 


s 


Chepdng, . 




. Caret. [gu (corr.). 


^ ■ 


rl . 


Bhrdmu, . 




. Hku (rel), ho-tu (corr.). 


^ 

;« 


ft; 


Vdyu, . . 




. Siido (rel.), mido (corr.). I 


^ 


? 


Kuswar, . 




. Ji (rl.), h^Je (cor.), [ya-hak. ' 




Kusunda, . 




. Hdgim-ya-hdk,hdgit,nataim- \ 




«Q 


Thdru, 




Kun-manai, um-manai. ' 




Lepcha (Sikkira), 


. Sare (rel.), U'are (corr.). ' 






Bhiitdni v. U 


lopa, 


. Kddi (rel.), Mi (corr.). 1 





' Bodo, . . . 

Dhimdl, . . 

Kocch, , . 

Garo, . . . 

Kcichiri, . . 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman {written), 

Burman {spokcn\ 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . . . 
Kdmi, . . . 
MnS V. Toung, 
Sdk, . . . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shdn, . . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . . 
Laos, . . . 



Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum 
Santdli, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



). 



' Tamil, anc, . 
Tamil, mod., . 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydima, mod. 
Telugu, . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod. 
Tujuva, . . 
Kurgi, . . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, ) 
K6ta, . . . 
Badaga, . . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . . 
Malabar, . . 
Sinhalese, . . 



Je,jai (rel.), bi {con.),hdshu. 
Jedong (rel.), kbdong (corr.). 
Je (rel.), so-i (corr.). 
Jon (rel.), won (corr.). 
Caret. 

Lisa-may-nay. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Kubai. 

Kiuru. ^ 

Mapd. 
Ydkung. 
Kachi. 
Jng'kono. 
Okolone. 
Boroshini. 
Gadenud. 

Abhe. 

Abfie. 

I-ni-a-ka. 

Na-nd'i. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

I-ia-rau. 

Lir-la-i, pai-lai-^a-lai. 

Ler-lai. 

Lisa-may-nay. 

An-loutig-lai. 

Ke (rel.), ki (corr.). 

Nihn-louk, khon-dai. 

Panku. 

An-naii. 

Caret. 

Chikana. 
Caret. 
Jdhdng-e. 
Caret. 
Ikrah. 
Okah. 
Caret, 
Bad. 
Bad. 
Bako. 
Yatid. 
Yetten. 

B-ona, patenind. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Yes tanju. 
Vongd. 
Bhuidm. 
Yedu. 
Kahd. 

Yddu. 
Edu, yedu. 
Caret. 
Eda. 
Edi, yedi. 
Caret. 
Ydv-adu. 
Erno. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Yddu. 
Yede. 
Yeadu. 
Y-av-adu. 
Yedu. 

Thu (rel.). 
Kb-koda. 



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ch; 


VP. II.— PRONOUNS 


.] 


QUI-WER— WI- 


lO?- 


-KOTOR— QUIS. 


- 


e 


T\^PfS. 


- 


•§* 


Bodo, .... 


Chur, 


•^ (Sanskrit, .... Kas, kd. 


1. 


Dhimdl, . 
Kocch, . . 






Htti, hdshu. 
Kd-i. 


^ IArabic, . 








Man, 


t^ 


Garo, . . 






Chdng. 


s 


Bask, . . 
Finnic, 








Nor, fwrk; zen, zein. 
Kau 


^ 


Kichdri, . 
^ Munipuri, 






Caret, 
Pd-may-nay. 




Magyar, . . 








KL 


•^ 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 




Oveh. 


^ 


Turkish, . . 








Kim, 


1 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 




Owai, 


1 


Circassian, . 








Shet, 


■^ 


KhdriNdgd,. . . 




Sui, 


Georgian, . 








Win, 


■^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 




Soru, 


Mongolian, . 








Ken, 


.b 


Ndmsing Ndgd, 




Hand, 


c 


Mantshu, . 








We, 


1 ' 


Nowgong Ndgd, 




Sirau, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Sapa, 


^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 




Sifie, 




Javanese, Krama, 




Sinten. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . . 




Seko, 




Malay, . . . 




Sidpa, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 




Seko, 








i| 


Deoria Chutia, . 




Bas-ani. 




Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Shin-mo-jin, 
Shen-mo-jen, 




Singpho, . . . . 




Gadaimd. 


1 


Chinese, Canton, 




Mat-shui, 


•^ 


' Burman (^written), . 




Bhesu, 


l- 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Sd-niang, 


St 


Burman (spoken). 




Bhethu. 


4 


Amoy, CoUoq 
Japanese, 


uia 


1, . 




Chl-chui. 
Dare, tare. 


% 


Khyeng v. Sh 
Kdmi, . . 
Kiimi, . . 


ou, . 




If-li-am. 

A'Pd-i-me. 

Caret, 


Brahuf, . . 








Der, 


^ 
S 


Mni V. Toun^ 


h ' • 




Caret, 


i 


Gydmi, 








Syd, hima. 


i: 

^ 


^Sdk, . . 






Caret. 


g 


Gydrung, . . 








Su, 




^ Talain v. Moi 


a, . . 




Nyay-gau-rau. 


h 


Tikpa, . . 








Su, 


.s 


Sgau-karen, 






M'tah-tghah'la-i. 


HJ 


Minyak, . . 








Su, 


i 


Pwo-karen, 






Ma-paw-lai. 


Thochii, . . 








Su, 


^ 


Toungh-thu, . 






Pd-may-nay. 


1' 


Sokpa, . . 








Caret. 


En , 


Shdn, . . 






Hpoung, 


Horpa, . . 








Su, lo. 


A 


Annamitic, 






Ai, 


1 


Tibetan (writuti). 






Su, klia. 




Siamese, . 






Nihn4oung, khrai, sung. 


g 


Tibetan (spoken), . 






Khangi, su. 


il 


Ahom, . . 






Phreu, 










^ 


Khdmti, . 






Phau, 




rSerpa, . . . 






Su, 




Laos, . . . 






Khai, phai. 


1 


Siinwdr, . . 
Giirung, . . 
Mdrmi, . . 
Magar, . . 
Thdksya, . . 
Pdkhya, . . 
Newdr, . . 

T .imhn 








S^kd, 

Su. 

Khd, 

Sura, hira. 

Td, 

Kautiamanchha, 

Su, 

Hdt, 




Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbh 
Santdli, . 
Bhdmij, . 
Urdon, . . 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 


um), . 




Okoi. 

Caret. 

Oko-e, chele. 

Caret, 

Ekoa, 

O-kowe. 

Ik, 


L. "-> 












Gondi, . 






Bor, boni. 




' Kirdnti, . . 








Di, 


% 


Gayeti, 






Bor, boni. 




Rodong, . . 








Sa, 


Rutluk, 






Bor. 




Rdngchenbung, 






Sdtig, 




Naikude, . 






Yenendiv, 




Chhingtdngya, 






Hokkogo, sdlb. 


1 


Kolami, . 






Niveniv, 


-< 


Ndchhereng, . 






As, 


Mddi, . . 






Boru, poninda. 


s 


Wdling, . 








Dei, 




Mddia, . 






Bor, 


^ 


Ydkha, . 








Httndmd, hkt-nd. 


1 


Kuri, . . 






Tun€, eiye. 


1 


Chourdsya, 








A'-cAu, 


1 


Keikddi, . 






Yedu, 


§ 


Kulungya, 








A'sS, 




Khond, . 






Yestdnju, yinu. 




Thulungya, 








S}'u, u/iem. 




Sdvara, 






Bote. 


Bdhingya, 








Syti, 




Gadaba, . 






Ldyi. 


Lohorong, 








A'sd, 




Yerukala, . 






Ydru, 


8 
3 


Lambichhong 


> 






Se-ong, 




Chentsu, . 






Ke, vuhe. 


^5 


Bdlili, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 








A'sdio, dsd, 
Asd, asdie. 




Tamil, anc., 
Tamil, mod., 






Ydr, 
A'r. 




Diimi, . . 








Syugo, syu. 




Malayilma, anc, 




Caret. 




Khdling, . 








Khdm, 




Malaydlma, mod.. 




A'ra. 




Dungmdli, 








Sdg, khigo. 




Telugu,' . . . 




Evadu, yevacfu. 


^. f Ddrhi. . . 








Kb-no, 




Karndjaka, anc, 




Caret, 




Denwdr, . 








. Kb-hik, 


1 


Kamd^ka, mod., 




Ydvanu. 


Pahri, . . 








Gii-gii, gU'hmo. 


^ 


Tuluva, . . . 




Evanda. 


V 


Chepdng, . 








Caret, 


^ ' 


Kurgi, . . 






Yevu, 


^ ' 


Bhrdmu, . 








. Hat, 


:§ 


Toduva,) 
Toda, 1 






In, 


K 


Vdyu, . . 








. Su, 


^ 






. Ar. 


1 


Ruswar, . 
Kustmda,. 








. Ke, 
. Ndtdt, 




K6ta, . . 
Baraga, . 






Are, 
Y-dru. 


^ 


TWru,. . 








Kaunmanai, 




Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 






Y-aru, 
Aru 


Lqpdtti (SOckkn), 




. 7b. 








Y-ar, ever. 




m&\kak ▼. U 


uv 


•» 




. Kd. 




Sinhalese, . 






Kauda. 



63 



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64 



QUOI— WAS— WHAT P-CHTO-QUID. 



[CHAP. II.— PRONOUKa 



Types. 






I 



I 



I 



I 



I 



I 



^ 






■g JSansk^it, 
<|, (Arabic, 

' Bask, . 
Finnic, 
Magyar, 
Turkish, 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahul, 

' Gydmi, 
Gy^ng, 
T^kpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

' Serpa, . 
SiSnwdr, 
GiSmng, 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, 
Pdkhya, 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Rdngchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungm^li, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Cheping, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . , 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
BhiStdni V. Lhopa, 



Kim (kai\ >^,» kdni.^ 
At, ayyon. 

Zer^ ze, 

Mika, kuka. 

Mi, 

Neh. 

Papshey^ 

Ra. 

Yaghon, 

Aiy ai-gese. 

Apa, 

Punnapa. 

A'pa, 

Shin-moiung'Si, 

Shen-motung'Si. 

Mat-ye-mat-kin, 

Sd-neh-sz. 

Sid-mih. 

Nani. 

Anty der. 

Sydchay hima. 

Thii. 

Si. 

Hdno. 

Su. 

Caret, 

Achin. 

Chi, 

Khdng, 

Khdfig. 

Maro, 

Td, 

Tigi. 

Hi, 

Khajupero, 

Kyd, 

ChM, 

Tht. 

Diy de, 

Dakd. 

DiyL 

Thhn. 

U'lL 

Tikwa, 

lye, 

A'-md. 

Us6y lii. 

ffdm. 
Mara. 
Imang, 
Thiya. 
Ukha, 
Yen. 

Mimgna, 
Mangga, 
Tigo. 

Ko-fw. 

Ko-hik, 

Gu'gUy gu-hma. 

Caret, 

Hai, 

Sti, 

Ke, 

Ndtdng. 

Kd, 

Shu. 
Kang-chiy kan. 



% fBodo, 


Md, 


1 


Dhimdl, 




Hai. 


'^. 


Kocch, 


. . . • 


Ki, 


'^ 


Garo, . 




A'to, 


'<, 


^ Kdchdri, 




Caret. 




Munipuri, . . . 


Pd-may-nay. 


t 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 


Tern, 


1 


TablungNdgd, . . 


Toi-nan, 


•1 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Chabau. 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Kaje. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


Chcnd, 


1 


Nowgong Ni^d, 


Kachistir. 


1 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


Chaba, 


Abor Miri, . . . 


Ingkua, ong-kokko. 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Okko, 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


Damdarini, 




Singpho, .... 


Phakaimd. 


"^ 


' Burman (written). 


Abhe, 


i 


Burman (spoken), . . 


Abh£y bhd. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Fni'hdtn, 


h- 


Kimi, 


A-pa-i-me. 


1 


Kiimi, 


Caret, 


-5 

S3 


Mrd V. Toung, . . 


Caret, 




.Sdk, 


Caret, 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


Mu-gau-rau, 




Sgau-karen, . . . 


M'tah4ghah-la-i, 


.5 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Ma-paihlai, 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


Lo-may-nay, 


1 


Shdn, 


Ka-tsan-lay. 


S ' 


Annarnitic, . , . 


Shiyyi, 


h 


Siamese, .... 


Ayo4oungy arai. 


i 


Ahom, 


Re, 


«0 


Khdmti, .... 


Sang, 




Laos, 


. Sang, 




'Ho(Kol), . . . 


Chid, 




Kol (Singhbhum), . 


Caret, 




Santdli, .... 


Chet, 




BhiSmij, 




Caret, 




Urdon, 




Indrdri, 




Mundala, 




Chikina, 




Rijmahali 




Ik. 




Gondi, 




Bard-dndy bang. 


•S 


Gayeti, 




Baddnga, 


^ 


Rutluk, 




Baddng, 


^ 


Naikude, 




Tdne. 


^ 


Kolami, 




Tdneten, 


c 


Mddi, . 




Bara, 




Mddia, 




Bara. 




Kuri, . 




Tun£y yo. 




Keikddi, 




Yendu, 




Khond, 




Annd, 




Sdvara, 




Vongd4o, 




Gadaba, 




Caret, 




Yenikala, 




Y-annay yenimatuku. 




Chentsu, 




Kiy kocheher. 




' Tamil, anc 


> . . . . 


YedUy yddu. 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


Ennay yenna. 




Malaydlma, anc, . . 


Caret, 




Malaydima, mod., . 


Enta, 




Telugu, .... 


Emiy edi. 




Karndtaka, anc, 


Caret, 


1 


Karndtaka, mod., . 


Yenu, 


►5 


Tuluva, .... 


Jdna, 


r 


Kurgi, 


Yennu, 


1 


Toduva,) . . . 
Toda, 1 . . . 


In, 


J 


En, 




Kdta, 


Yena, 




Badaga, .... 


Yena, 




Kurumba, . . . . 


Yenu, 




Irula, 


Yenna, 




Malabar, .... 


Ennay entha. 




Sinhalese, 


. . 


Mokada. 



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CHAP. II.— PRONOUNS.] QUELQU'UN— JEMAND— AN YBODY— KTO-NIBUD— ALIQUIS. 



65 



1 

I 



J 






2 



I 



I 
I 



I 



Types. 

I (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, CoUoquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 

Gydrung, . 

Tdkpa, . 

Mdnyak, . 

Thochii, . 

Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (written), 

Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thiksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newir, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bihingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdlili, . , 

Sdng-pdng, 

Ddmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Ruswar, . 
Kusonda, . 
TMaru,. . 

Lqpcha (Skkim), 



Ka^chit, kdchit, 
Kol wahid, fuldn, 

Norbaity tnor. 
Caret, 
Vblameliy. 
Kimseh, 
Zaypit. 
Caret, 
Ali-yaghon, 
Caret, 
Sapa-sapa, 
Sinten-sinten. 
Bdrang saorang. 

Fuh-lun-shin-mo-jin. 

Puh-lun-shen-mo-jen. 

M(hlun-mat'Shin, 

Sui-biensa-niang, 

Put-lun-siafp-mih-Iang. 

Daredemo, taremo. 

Khadr-bandagh. 

Ohkiy hiong. 

Sti, 

Strang, 

Siiye, 

Ning-wan, song-wang. 

Caret, 

S^yo. 

Siizkigy khachig, 

Su'in, 

Sui-ndng. 

S^kd, 

Siizdng, 

Khdddi, 

Stir, 

Sabad^ydngpd. 

Kohimdnchhd. 

S^ng, 

Hdt-lo, 

Aktai {ak4dil). 

Jsdma, s6i. 

Sdngchhdttg, 

Sdid-ydng, 

Asa. 

Asakchhu. 

Isdchd, 

A'-chH-yS, 

A'sOy ds, 

Syubwa, 

Syuye, 

A'sd'Sdng{mette?). 

Sichh(k 

A'sdne. 

Asd'Sdng, 

Syiiyo, 

SHi-yo, 

Sdgchhattg. 

Koiho-pun, 

Kolhu, 

Siinung, 

Caret, 

Siiftg, 

SUna, 

Ke-hu, 

Nataim ^yahak vel hyak. 

Konamanai. 

Ki^ ka-imchi. 






I 



I 



I 

s 



I 



^ 



I 



.« 

3 

i 



Bodo, Chur, jishldp. 

Dhimdl, Ifdshu, hete. 

Kocch, Kdho, 

Garo, Jd-td, 

Kdch^, Caret, 

Munipuri, .... Caret, 

Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Caret, 

Tablung Ndgd, . . . Card, 

Khdri Nigi, .... Koi'tnurh, 

Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Chakra-paru, 

Ndmsdng Ndgi, . . . Caret, 

Nowgong Ndgd, . . Caret. 

Tengsa Ndgd, . , . Caret, 

Abor Miri, .... Caret, 

Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Sekodi, 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Shdmddu. 

Singpho, Caret, 

Burman (written), . . Bhesumhya. 

Burman (spoken), , . . Bhethunahya, 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Caret. 

Kdmi, A'pd-i-me. 

Kiimi, Caret, 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Caret, 

Sdk, Caret, 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Kha-ra'tan-mwai'mwai. 

Sgau-karen, .... Caret, 

Pwo-karen, .... Caret, 

Toungh-thu, .... Caret, 

Shdn, Pen-htsayts64s6. 

Annamitic, .... H^-ai, 

Siamese, Hpayla-righn. 

Ahom, Pheu, 

Khdmti, Kan-phong. 

Laos, Caret. 

Ho (Kol), .... Amba. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Oko-ho. 

Santdli, Tindy tindng, okuren-horh. 

Bhiimij, Okoji, 

Urdon, E'ko-drten, 

Mundala, Oko-waihi, 

Rdjmahali, .... Ne-gbtk, 

Gondi, Vbndi-dndi. 

Gayeti, Bore, bati. 

Rutluk, Bore, 

Naikude, Yanna-katir, 

Kolami, Amdenen, 

Midi, Bortadi, 

Mddia, Caret. 

Kuri, Caret. 

Keikddi, Yedagas. 

Khon^, Yestdndte, 

Sdvara, Bote, botegdni. 

Gadaba, Loyis-d. 

Yerukala, Yeduayind, 

Chentsu, Kevu^ jehaive. 

Tamil, anc, .... A'rdyinum. 

Tamil, mod., .... Ardgilum. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydima, mod., . . Yddaruttorum. 

Telugu, Ev-araina. 

Karpd^aka, anc, . . Caret. 

Kar^djaka, mod., . . Ydrddaru. 

Tuluva, Card, 

Kurgi, Card, 

To^luva, ) .... Card, 

To^ > . . . . Card, 

K<5ta, Card, 

Baraga, Card, 

Kuimnba, .... Card, 

Ira]a, Card, 

Malabar, Everayenumyyaraunum, 

Sinhalese, Kauru-wat, 



iil 



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66 QUELQUE CHOSE— ETWAS— ANYTHING— CHTO-NIBUD—ALIQUID. [chap, ii.— pronouns. 



. Tyj>es. 




1 


fBodo, .... 


. . Mungbb, jishlap. 


•^ j Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 

s 




. Kinchit, /uchit,^ kdnichit} 
. Kol shai. 


1. 


Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 




. . Httt, haidong. 

. . Kucch, 

. . Harj-murj, 




Bask, . . 




Zerbaity ztredozer. 


^ 


Kichiri, 


. 


. , Caret, 




Finnic, . 




. Caret 




' Munipuri, . . 


. . Caret, 




Magyar, . 




. . Volamdli, 


•^ 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . 


. . Caret, 


^ 


Turkish, . 




. . Kimseh. 


lo 


Tablung Ndgi, . 


, , Caret, 


^ 


Circassian, 




. . Zayptt 


=^ 


Khiri Ndgd, . . 


. , Kuiai, 


I* 


Georgian, 




. . Caret 


■^ 


Angdmi Ndg^ . 


, . Kajipuru, 


Mongolian, 




, . A/i-ken. 


.fc 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 


. , Caret, 


e 


Mantshu, 




. . Caref. 


1 ' 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


. . Caret, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 


. . Apa-apa. 


't; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


, . Caret, 




Javanese, Krama, 


. . Punnapa-punnapa, 


1 


Abor Miri, . . 


, , Anjoko. 




Malay, . . . 


. . Bdrang-dpa, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 


, . Okko. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 


. , Pu-lun'Shin'mo4ungsi. 
. . Pu'lun'Shen-mo-tungsi, 
. . Mo'lun-mat-ye-mat'kin. 


1 


Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 
Burman (written). 


, , Damasirini, 
, , Caret, 

, . Bhemhya. 


1^ 


Chinese, Shanghai 


, . Sui'bien-sd-nuh-sz, 


^ 


Burman {spoken), . 


, , Bhdmhya. 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 


. . Put4un-sian-'mih. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


, , Caret, 




Japanese, . . 


. . NanimOy arumono. 


h- 


Kdmi, .... 


. . Ta-u4, 








a 


Kdmi, .... 


, , Caret 


Brahuf, . 




. . Khadr-gidd, 


J5 


Mrd V. Toung, . 


, , Caret, 


:§' 


' Gydmi, 




. . Hiong, 


t 
^ 


Sdk, .... 


. . Caret, 


g 


Gydrung, . 




. . Tenzi, tizze. 




' Talain v. Mon, . 


, , Mway4heik-payai, 


h 


Tdkpa, . 




. . Strang, 


5 


Sgau-karen, . . 


, . Caret 




Mdnyak, . 




. . Tdkd, 


g 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. . Caret, 


1 ■ 


Thochii, . 




. . Ning. 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. . Caret 


1 


Sokpa, . . 




. . Caret, 


^ . 


Shdn, . . . . 


, . Pen'hts-aytso4so, 


Horpa, 




. . A'ke, 


^ 


Annamitic, . . 


. . Dht-gi, 


1 


Tibetan (written). 


. . Chizhig, 


*0 


Siamese, . . . 


. , Hpayla, arai. 


s 


Tibetan ispokat), . 


. . Khd4n. 


c§ 


Ahom, .... 


. . Caret 






^ 


Khimti, . . . 


. . Caret, 




Serpa, .... 


, . Khai-ndng, 




Laos, .... 


, . Asang, 


^ 


Siinwir, . 
Giirung, . 
Miirmi, 




. . Mdrkd. 

. . Taydng, 

. . Ttgi. 

. . ^lAi-ko, 

, , Khajang'pemhL 

. . Kehi-bastti, 

. . Chhung, 

, . The-re, 




. ^^^7 .... 
Ho (Kol), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 


. . Chikanna, 
. . Ohhhitte, 


V 

1 


Magar, . 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, . 
Limbu. 






* Santdli, 
Bhiimij, 
Urion, 
Mundala, 
Rijmahali 




, , Chet'hong^ oka-dhon, 
. . Ako-dhon, 
. . Indara, 
, . Jdha^ ndgi, 
. . Indarbadi, 


V. -7 








Gondi, 




, . Bittichij^ bore. 




' Kirdnti, . 




. . Dimin, 


•2 


Gayeti, 




, . Bore, 




Rodong, . 




, , De-if dyen, nyu. 


k5 


Rutluk, 




. . Bore, 




Riingchenbung, . 


. . Diclihdng, 


"^ ' 


Naikude, 




. . Yanna-kdtir, 




Chhingtdngya, . 


Them-ydtig, 




Kolami, 




. . Amdencn, 


CT 


Ndchhereng, . . 


. . Usa, 


c 


Midi, . 




. . Bdnataki, 


I 


Wiling, . 




. . Ti4kchhu, 




Mddia, 




. . Caret, 


t 


Ydkha, . 




. Ichd, 




Kuri, . 




. , Caret, 


^ 


Chourdsya, 




. A'md-yi, 




Keikddi, . 




Yedagao. 


§ 


Kulungya, 




. U'so. 




Khond, . 




Anndtiki, 




Thulungya, , 




. Hambwa, 




Sivara, . 




Yetagani, jitagani. 


Bdhingya, 




. Mdrdye, 




Gadaba, . 




. Afddisd, 


Lohorong, . 




. Imdng'Sang, 




Yerukala, . 




Yemmadaind, 


5 
a 


Lambichhong 


> • 


, Thichhd. 




Chentsu, . 




Kichu^ jehaive. 


i^ 


Bdldli, . . . 




. U'k-hdng, 




' Tamil, anc, . . 


Ydddkilum, yeddgUum, 




Sdng-pdng, . 




Von-sdng, 




Tamil, mod., . . 


, Eddkilum, 




Diimi, . . . 




Mdng-yb, 




Malaydlma, anc, 


. Caret, 




Khdling, . 




. Mdng-yb. 




Malaydima, mod., 


YddonnmgU, 




Dungmdli, 




. Tichhang, 




Telugu, . . . , 


. Edaina^ vedaina. 




' Ddrhi, . . . 




. Kyd-hU'je, 




Karndtaka, anc., 


Caret, 


1 


Denwdr, . . 
Pahri, . . . 




. Ki-chhu, 
. Chala, 


s 


Karndtaka, mod., . 
Tuluva, . . . . 


Ydvadddaru. 
, Erdnda, 


"^ 


Chepdng, . . 




Caret 


^ 


Kurgi, 


. Caret, 


^ 


Bhr^u, . . 
Vdyu, . . . 




Hang, 
Mis-che. 


1 


Toduva, I , , , 
Toda, f . . . 


, Caret, 
. Caret, 




Kuswar, . . 




. Ke-hu, 




K6ta, . . . . , 


, Caret, 


Kusunda, . . 




, Nataum-ya-Mgit, 




Badaga, . . . . 


, Caret 


1 


Thdni. . . . 




Kunbastu, 




Kummba, . . . 


, Caret, 


^ ' 








Inila, 


, Caret 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


SMri, tJiam, 




Malabar, . . . . 


Ethum, 




Bhiitdni v. Lh 


opa, . 


. Kdndochi, 




Sinhalese, . 




Monawdda, 



Digitized by 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] AU-DESSUS—UBER— ABOVE— NAD— SUPER. 



67 



Types, 

-g (Sanskrit, 
'I, (Arabic, , 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



} 



^ 



4 



8 



4 
f 

I 






I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, . 

Gydmi, 

Gydning, . 

Tdkpa, . 

M^yak, . 

Thochii, . 

Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written) 

Tibetan {spokm\ 

Serpa, . . 
Sdnw4r, , 
Giirung, . 
MiSrmi, 
Magar, 
Thiksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newir, 
Limbu, 

Kirinti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdlili, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

DiSrai, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungnakli, 

Ddrhi,^ . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepiig, . 
Bhr^u, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kaswar, . 
Kusanda, • 
TMni,. . 

Lepdia (SiUdm}, 



Upari, 

Goyan^ goym, goiti, gora. 

Pddllinm, 

Fent. 

Usi, yokaru, 

Ahpsey, 

Maghia, 

Caret, 

Dergi, 

Iftg-duwur, 

NginggiL 

Didtas, 

Shang, 

Shang, 

Sheong, 

Zong-deu, 

Teng, 

Uyeniy uye, 

Burzd. 

Sydng-thou, 

U'rkyk, 

Gdng, 

Ch^. 

Ttkh, 

TSri. 

Chhd, 

^tengna. 

Teng, chk, y^, 

Tydng, 

Ft. 

Tunri, 

Toydftg, 

Dhenam, 

Caret, 

Hapra, 

Cho, 

Thdng. 

Madhanu 

Dhdla, dhdlo, 

Etichokda^ euchotigdd, 

Uthtbe, \eukhukda. 

Itwa ta, itb-ta, 

Itdy adhdni, angyutiL 

To. 

Bhdta^ imtbla. 

IPmduptu, metjvdka, 

Denda. \metyoka. 

HdtyUy apiye-di. 

SoftgpittUy mittUy mite. 

ItemdUy to. 

MMa. 

Mitdni. 

TliJkd/d. 

T^kd. 

Hdik-dd. 

ITpara, 
Akdsai. 
ChihgU'tha. 
Caret. 
ffH-fchai. 
fVa-ne. 
ITpara. 
Drasuok. 
Upara. 

At^ taly apibf^. 
lhMd,tlng. 






Bodo, Chhd. 

Dhimdl, Fhiitd. 

Kocch, Fhutd{7). 

Garo, Firvai. 

Kdchdri, Sa. 






I 






.S 
g 






^ 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Nigd, . . 
Ang^i Ndgd, . 
Ndmsing Ndgi, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



Burman {.written), 
Burman {spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, .... 
KiSmi, .... 
Mrd V. Toung, . 
Sak, .... 



Mathuk. 

. Ding. 

Kawang. 

Tamachingu. 

. Bale. 

A'khSnang. 

. Taiak. 

Taihak. 

Taleng. 

. Taluto. 

. Ficho. 

Ning-tsang. 

Apomhd. ^ 

. Apo-mhd,'a-hiei-ma. 

. Ada-ma-ka. 

. A'koung'bk. 

. . . r-mn. 

. , . Caret. 

. . . Caret. 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Atotd. 

Sgau-karen, .... Apawko. 

Pwo-karen, .... ApangkUy ler-tah. 

Toungh-thu, .... Enke. 

Shdn, Famon. 

Annamitic, .... Trbi. 

Siamese, Tt-nan-bon. 

Ahom, Nu. 

Khdmti, Kanlu. 

Laos, Fin. 

Ho (Kol), .... Sirma-rk. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Sirma. 

Santili, Sirma^ muchdi-re. 

Bhiimij, Sirma. 

Ui4on, Meyah. 

Mundala, Chaitan. 

Rdjmahali, .... Meche. 

Gondi, KiSyparro. 

Gayeti, Caret. 

Rutluk, Caret. 

Naikude, Caret. \ 

Kolami, Caret. 

Midi, Caret. 

Mddia, Caret. 

Kuri, Caret. 

Keikidi, Me/e. 

Khon<J, Caret. 

Sdvara, Lanka, 

Gadaba, Tommd. 

Yerukala, ..... Mene. 

Chentsu, Vupdry vuparot. 

" Tamil, anc, .... Misei. 

Tamil, mod, .... Mtiy mile. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydima, mod., . . Miiey mite. 

Telugu, Fayinay midd. 

Karadtaka, anc, . . Caret. 

Kar^dtaka, mod., . . Mile. 

Tuluya, Mett. 

Kurgi, -mikey 'ko4i» 

Toijuva,) .... Caret. 

Toda, I . ... Mel. 

Kdta, Mele. 

Bai^aga, Meley vod^a. 

Kuramba, .... Mek. 

Irula, MeUy moke. 

Malabar, MeUiy uyara. 

Sinhalese, Ihala, 



Digitized by 



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68 



ET— UND (AUCH)— AND-I— ET. 



[chap, hi.— adverbs, etc. 



I 



I 



Types, 

(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, 



Cha^ apt. 

Way fay thomma. 



I 



I 



4 

I 



I 

I 



«^ 



Bask, Ere^ here. 

Finnic, Ja, myos. 

Magyar, Caret. 

Turkish, Caret. 



Circassian, 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 



Caret. 

Caret. 

Tshu. 

Geli, 

Latu 

Kaliyan. 



Malay, Dan. 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 



Ho. 
Ho. 

Yd, io/i. 
lu. 
Soste, -mo. 



Brahuf, a 

' Gydmi, Orcha. 

Gydning, Card. 

Tdkpa, Caret. 

Mdnyak, Caret. 

Thochd, Tah.dah. 

Sokpa, Pichhk. 

Horpa, Re. 

Tibetan {unittcn), . . Ydfig. 

Tibetan {spoken), . . . Ydng. 

' Serpa, ^^^, ^^^^ 

Siinwdr, Nti. 

Gdrung, Ye. 

Mdrmi, Yen, den. 

Magar, Ra. 

Th^ksya, Bikigang. 

Pdkhya, Ra. 

Newdr, -^^> nang. 

Limbu, Ang, 

' Kirdnti, Ning. 

Rodong, Pini, pitigtw. 

Riingchenbung, . . . Ning, chhdng. 

Chhingtdngya, ... Ye. nang, ydng. 

Ndchhereng, .... Sa, 16. 

Wdling, Chha. 

Ydkha, Y6,dng 

Chourdsya, .... Ye, 

Kulungya, . . . . S6. 

Thulungya, .... Nung, bo. 

Bihingya, Yd, 

Lohorong, .... Sd, song, 

Lambichhong, . . . CAAa. 

B^dli, Sdng. 

Sdng-pdng, .... Sdng. 

Diimi, Y6. 

Kh^ing, Nt'tng-yo. 

Dungmdli, .... Chhang. 

Ddrhi, Ra,piin (?). 

Denw^, Sa, sua (?). 

Pahri, J^Ad (?). 

Chepdng, Caret, 

Bhrdmu, IVong. 

Vdyu, Zi. 

Kuswar, Gyi4. 

Kusunda, Caret. 

Thdru, JiTd, 

Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Zd. 

BhiStini v. Lhopa, . . Dd. 



1^ 



1 

to 



I 






I 



^5 J 



a 



Bodo, . 




. Bi, bo. 


Dhimdl, .... 


Edong, 


Kocch, .... 


. .Evong, 0, dro. 


Garo, 


. Bd. 


Kdchdri, .... 


Caret. 


' Munipuri, . . . 


Sung, ama-siilei. 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 


, Caret. 


Tablung Nagd, . . 


. 0{}), 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Caret. 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Caret. 


Ndrnsdng Ndgd, . . 


. 0, dro (?). 


Nowgong Ndgd^ 


Caret. 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


Caret. 


Abor Miri, . . . 


, A in. 


Sibsdgar Miri, 


. Caret. 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


Caret. 


Singpho, .... 


Caret. 


Burman {■jcnften). 


Lin-kong. 


Burman (j/c/w/), . . 


. "Ligaung, yuay. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. Caret. 


Kdmi, 


Caret. 


Kiimi, 


. Caret 


Mni v. Toung, . . 


. Caret, 


Sdk, 


Caret, 


Talain v. Mon, . . 


Young. 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Dau, daw, sa-kaic. 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. Dai. 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


. La. 


Shdn, 


. Caret 


Annamitic, . . . 


. Vd. 


Siamese, .... 


. Le, kap, tak. 


Ahom, .... 


Caret. 


Khdmti, .... 


Caret. 


Laos, 


. Le. 


' Ho (Kol), . . . 


. Ando, an4o (?). 


Kol (Singhbhum), . 


ITmio. * 


Santdli, .... 


A' do, ar, rehong. 


Bhiimij, 




Ar. 


Urdon, 




Aur. 


Mundala, 




Inni. 


RdjmahaJi 




Inseki. 


Gondi, . 




Unde, ude. 


Gayeti, 




Caret 


Rutluk, 




(?), ar. 


Naikude, 




Caret. 


Kolami, 




(?), ado. 


Mddi, . 




Caret. 


Mddia, 




0(?). 


Kuri, . 




Caret. 


Keikddi, 




Caret. 


Khond, 




Caret. 


Sdvara, 




Caret 


Gadaba, 




Tonnb. 


Yerukala, 




Num. 


Chentsu, 




Ke,ye. 


' Tamil, anc. 


» • • • 


Caret. 


Tamil, mod., . . . , 


'Um. 


Malaydlraa, anc, . . 


Caret. 


Malaydima, mod., . . 


-um, num. 


Telugu,' 


-nni, -nnu, -nunnu. 


Karndtaka, anc, . . 


Caret. 


Karndtaka, mod., . . 


-ii. 


Tujiiva, 


No. 


Ku'rgi, 


-u. 


Toduva,) . . . . 
To(ja, I . . . . 


Caret. 


0(?). 


K<5ta, 


Caret. 


Badaga, 


0(?). 


Kupimba, . . . . 


Caret. 


Irula, 


Caret. 


Malabar, 


Um, thanum. 


Sinhalese, 




4a, -da. 



Digitized by 



Google 



i 



CHAP. III. — ADVERBS, ETC] 



COMME— WIE— AS— KAK— UT. 



69 



1 



■§ 1 






I 



g 



I 



I 
I 



I 
"^ 



I 



Types. 

I (Sanskrit, 
4, I Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kiama, 
Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochd, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (writun\ 
Tibetan (spoktn\ 

Serpa, . . 
Siinw^, 
Giirung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newir, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhongj 

Bdlili, . . 

Sing.ping, 

Dtimi, . . 

Khiling, . 

Dimgmili, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwkr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhiimu, . 
VAyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kxttiiiida} . 
Thinly. . 



Yathd, 

K (insep. prefix). 

Bezala, bezela, bekela, l^ez, 

Niinkuin, [laso. 

Mint. 

Gebu 

Beddeh, 

Mebr, 

Caret. 

Card. 

Sapolah. 

Satingkah. 

Saparii. 

Che-yang. 
Che-yang. 
Kom-yeong. 
Ki-zen; zii-dung. 

Nd. ' 
Yoni. 

Handunos. 

Ah-men-ti. 

Caret. 

Dantang. 

Mi. 

Tek. 

Caret. 

Naya. 

Haditsiig. 

Khdnda. 

Kdnde. 

Dbdio. 

Khaga-iiyon. 

KkdjA 

KMdngcha. 

Khajibd. 

Caret. 

Gaihing, 

Aphddong-bd. 

Khdin sUko. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Hbkhyakkha (?). 

Ddkhtb (?). 

Ifagni kagna. 

Irok'ha. 

Asijokcho. 

DdtUkwa. 

Heka^ fikkgndm. 

Gekho (?). 

Mantok (?). 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Jasai. 
Jd-nhk. 

Gh^k. 

Caret. 
JUn, 

Jfdfig-^tga. 
Jdsege. 
Natiya, 
Jaisan, 

Sakm. 
Kate. 



t 



I 



I 



I 






5^ 
h 



I 
I 



Bodo, .... 


. . Jirin. 


Dhimdl, 




. . Jedong. 


Kocch, 


. 


. . Jemon. 


Garo, . 




• • J^dndd. 


Kichdri, 




. . Caret. 


' Munipuri, . . 


Asundouna, 


MfthdnNdgi, . 


Caret. 


Tablung Ndgd, . 


. Caret. 


Khdri Ndgd, . . 


Caret. 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 


Caret. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 


Caret. 


Nowgong N^d, 


. Caret. 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


. Caret. 


Abor Miri, . . 


Caret 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 


. Caret. 


Deoria Chutia, . 


. Caret. 


Singpho, . . . 


Caret. 


' Burman (written), 


. Keso. 


Burman (spoken), . 


GethOy Kai-tho. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


Caret. 


Kdmi, .... 


. Hi-nd-i. 


Kiimi, .... 


Card. 


Mni V. Toung, . 


Card. 


^Sdk, . . . . 


. Card. 


' Talain v. Mon, . 


Nwaytseik-nau. 


Sgau-karen, . . 


De-i, di-ne. 


Pwo-karen, . . 


Bayi. 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. Nay-yb. 


Shdn, .... 


. Neik-youk. 


Annamitic, . . 


. Nhii. 


Siamese, . . . 


. . Ni. 


Ahom, . . . 


. . Card. 


Khdmti, . . . 


. . Card. 


Laos, .... 


. . Card. 


' Ho (Kol), . . 


. . Umchileka. 


Kol (Singhbhum), 


. . Nud-leko. 


Santdli, . . . 


. . Ind-leko, nung'kd. 


Bhiimij, 




. . Nun-kd. 


Urdon, . 




. . Caret. 


Mundala, 




. . Nimnii. 


Rdjraahalij 




. . Nung-kd. 


Gondi, . 




. . Inchur mandd. 


Gayeti, 




. . Card. 


Rutluk, 




. . Card. 


Naikude, 




. . Card. 


Kolami, 




. . JVun-kd (?). 


Mddi, . 




. . Caret 


Mddia, . 




. . Card. 


Kuri, . 




. . Card. 


Keikddi, 




. . Card. 


Kho^d, 




. . Card. 


Sdvara, 




. . Card. 


Gadaba, 




. . Card. 


Yemkala, 




. . Card. 


Chentsu, 




. . ZaJkAa. 


' Tamil, anc. 


» 


Ka4uppa. 


Tamil, mod., . . 


. -pbla. 


Malaydlma, anc. 


Card. 


Malaydlma, mod., 


. -M 


Telugu,* . . . 


VaU. 


Kar^dtaka, anc. 


. ^pol. 


Kar^d^aka, mod., . 


. 'hdge. 


Tujuva, . . . . 


Anchatu. 


Kurgi, 


Card. 


To<Juva,> . . . 
Toija, 1 . . . 


Card. 


Yingei. 


K<5ta, 


. Yde. 


Baijaga, . . . . 


Ifyifigey ydate. 


Ktqroniba, . . . 


Yetate, 


Inija, 


. Yepa4L 




. /W, ena. 
. -wdgh. 


Sinhalese,. 


. • 



Digitized by 



Google 



70 



AU-DESSOUS—UNTER— BELOW— VNIZU—SUBTER. [chap, hi.— adverbs, etc. 



I 






Types, 

(Sanskrit, .... Adhas, 

(Arabic, Taht, 

' Bask, Azpian^ azpira^ bean, 

Finnic, Alia, 

Magyar, Lmt-ala, 

Turkish, Alt, ashagh. 



Circassian, . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 



Caret, 

Dabla, 

Caret, 

Fedshergi, 

Ngisor, 

Ngandap, 



Malay, Dibdwah, 



^ 

•^ 

r 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 



Hia, 
Hia, 
Ha, 
O-dew, 
E-bin, e-ioe, 
Sta, sita. 



2 



1 

I 



I 






} 



I 



Brahuf, Shef, 

Gydmi, Ti syd, 

Gydrung, Wdki, 

Tdkpa, Wd, 

Mdnyak, ZyS, 

Thochii, KSl, 

Sokpa, 7or6, 

Horpa, W6, 

Tibetan {written\ , . Hchgna, 
Tibetan (spoken), , , , W6, syH, magi, 

Serpa, ....... Wag, 

SiSnwdr, Y^, 

GiSrung, Munri, 

Mdrmi, Moyang, 

Magar, Mhdka, 

Thdksya, Masi, 

Pdkhya, Taia, 

Newir, Ko, 

Limbu, Mb, 

Kirdnti, Mbyuni, 

Rodong, Hila, hwilo, 

RiSngchenbung, . . . M^piini, uyuni, 

Chhingtingya, . . . Mbba, 

Nachhereng, .... Uyuyu, 

Wdling, ////, akhukyu, 

Ydkha, Mb, 

Chourdsya, .... Bhdya, bhayola. 

Kulungya, .... U'mdhbkpu^ nukka-ah, 

Thulungya, .... Goyu, 

Bdhingya, Hdyu, apum-di, 

Lohorong, .... KhiHikmemo, mik'-mH, 

Lambichhong, . . . Ikhiik-bk-mb, 

Bildli, MM-mu, 

Sdng-pdng, .... Mu-yiini, 

DiSmi, Yiikdid, 

Khdling, Yiikd, 

Dungmdli, .... Ungk-hok-mo, 

D4rhi, HH, 

Denwdr, Hk-then, 

Pahri, Ko^-thd, 

Chepdng, Caret, 

Bhrdmu, Hu-mai, 

Vdyu, Hu-the, 

Kuswar, Hkt, 

Kusunda, Tumdi, 

Thdru, Tare, 



I 



I 
■I 



^ 



4 

s 
■5 






K 

* 
s 

^ 



I 



Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
Bhiltini v. Lhopa, . 



Ach^m, cheuly sadam, 
Wbh, 



s 

J 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

' Munipuri, 
Mfth^n Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Kh^ Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong N^^ 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {written), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou 
Kdmi, . 
Kdmi, . 
MnS V. Toung 
Sdk, . 

' Talain v. Mon 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

f Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum), 
Santdli, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rijmahali, 
Gon<Ji, . . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Midi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, . 
Sivara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 

Tamij, anc, 
Tamil, "»«!•» 
Malaydlma, anc. 
Malayijma, mod 
Telugu, . . 
Karnitaka, anc . 
Kamataka, mod 
Tuliiva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
To^a, ]■ 
Kdta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Sying, 

Letd, 

Letd, adhar (?). 

Churik vai. 

Sin, 

Makha, 

Hopang. 

Opang, 

Tamoksing, 

Chakise, 

Akhannang, 

Tasung, 

Tachung, 

Rumking, 

Rumkube, 

Kumo, 

Katai, 

Okmha, 

Aukmha, 

De-kan, 

Thing-be, 

I-klot, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Kha-ta-ta, 

Apawlah, 

Apunglah, 

Enla, 

Palon, 

Dwoi, 

Khan-la, ti, 

Lep. 

Caret, 

Lum, 

Suba-rk, 

S^d, 

Phe4, bu(dre, Idtdrate, 

Athk, 

Kiyah, 

Ldtin, 

Pissi, 

Naili, sir, khdlai, mandar. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Digu, 

Ne4e, 

Jayitd, 

Albm, 

Tallen, 

Tolot, tbl, 

Kizhakku, ki(akku, 

Kizh, kizhe. 

Card, 

Tdzhe, tdzhe, 

Kinda, 

Caret, 

Kelage, 

Sett. 

-Mda. 

Caret, 

Erg, neshg 

Kriyage, 

Kria, 

Kelage, 

Kdlake, 

Kelei, 

Pahala, 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC] ENTRE—ZWISCHEN— BETWEEN— MEZHDI— INTER. 



71 



Types, 



'% (Sanskrit, 
'I, (Arabic, . 



^ 

^ 

•^ 

fi 



Bask, .... 
Finnic, . . . 
Magyar, . . . 
Turkish,. . . 
Circassian, . . 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . , 
Mantshu, . . - 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, . . . . 



^ 
I 



J 



I 
I 



5 
^ 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Caret, 



Antar. 
Bein, 

Ariean^ artera^ arte, 

Waihella, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Et-katsh, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Sidende, 

Selan, 

Selan, 

Ditangah, 

Chung-kien, 

Chung-chien, 

Chung-kan, 

Tong-tsuftg, 

Tiong'ftg, 

Aida, naka. 






Gydmi, . . . 

Gydrung, . . . 

Tdkpa, . . . 

Mdnyak, . . . 

Thochii, . . . 

Sokpa,. . . . 

Horpa, . . . 

Tibetan (written)^ 

Tibetan {spokm\ , 

Serpa, . . . . 

Sdnwdr, . . . 

GiSrung, . . . 

Miirmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newir, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



Kirdnti, . . . 

Rodong, . . . 
RUngchenbung, . 

Chhingtdngya, . 

Ndchhereng, . < 

Wdling, . . . 

Ydkha, . . . 

Chourdsya, . , 

Kulungya, . . 

Thulungya, . . 

Bdhingya, . . . 

Lohorong, . . 

Lambichhong, . 

Bildli, . . . . 

Sdng-pdng, . . 

DiSmi, . . . . 

Khdling, . . . 

Dungmdli, . . 

Ddrhi, . . . . 

Denwir, . . . 

Pahri, . . . . 

Chepdng, . . . 

Bhrdmu, . . . 

Vdyu, . . . . 
Kttswar, . 

Kasimda, • • 

Thint,. • • . 



Lepdia (Sikkim), . 



Tiling'jen, 
Uie, Hie, 
BUt-kd, khpd, 
Onglhe. 

Taurtgdu, 
Kytikii, 
Bary du, 
Bhar, 

Par, 

Date, 

Khionri, 

Gungari, 

Mi khidng, 

Kung ri, 

Mdjha. 

Dathu, 

Ku/lim. 

Liindi, 

Mrd, mdru, 

Lumda^ rddoa, 

Urhdbe, 

Umlam, 

Umrdpey arddha^ adhung-ya. 

Hum, 

Khdchiy khachiiOy gota, 

Umrdpi, 

ThHe, 

A'lyOy aleu-da, 

L^Htmbe, iumpi, 

mm-be, 

Mdjhdbi, luhpi, 

Ammrdpi, 

Mdjhdbi, 

Olipphibi, 

U'mrdy umrdbi, 

Mdjhai, 

Majhm, 

Ddri, 

Caret. 

Asal, 

MddHm-be, 

Manjhi, 

GijAdgda. 

Bi€he, 

Am, ackOt. 









I 



Bodo, Ge/er, 

Dhimdl, Majhata, 

Kocch, Antar (?). 

Garo, Majdr-vai, 

Kdchdri, Caret, 



' Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Nigd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Nigd, . . 
Ang^i Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgi, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndg£, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, 



Moyaida, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Tioftg, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Kimd, 

Ulam, 

Radang, 

A'rdso, 

Caret, 



I 






I 



I 



Singpho, Caret, 

' Burman {written), , , Akrdmhd, 

Burman {spoken), , , , Akydrnhd-alay-mha, 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . A4hd-ka-ku, 

Kimi, Thin-bey u-thin-d, 

KiSmi, Si4d, 

Mrd V. Toung, . . . Caret, 

Sik, Caret, 

' Talain v. Mon, . . . Adho, 

Sgau-karen, .... A^bersir, 

Pwo-karen, .... Abong-tsung, 

Toungh-thu^ .... Akha, 

Shin, Akhun, 

Annamitic, .... Yiu'a, 

Siamese, Khalan^ wang, 

Ahoni, Klang, 

Khdrati, Caret. 

Laos, Caret, 

'Ho(Kol), .... Caret. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Talart. 

Santdli, Tdldre. 

BhiSmij, Talark. 

Urdon, Majin, 

Mundala, Tatar. 

Rdjmahali, .... Mdji, 

Gondi, Nuddunty bichte mandar. 

Gayeti, Caret, 

Rutluk, Caret, 

Naikude, Caret. 

Kolami, Caret, 

Mddi, Caret. 

Mddia, Caret. 

Kuri, Caret. 

Keikddi, Naduwa. 

Khond, Madde. 

Sdvara, Lanka. 

Gadaba, Vomi4i^ 

Yerukala, Neduve. 

Chentsu, Mayidhit, mbyid. 

' Tamil, anc, .... Ndppan. 

Tamil, mod., .... -na4Uj 'na4ttve, 

Malaydjma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Nafukkey nafuvit. 

Telugu, -noifamay -naduma. 

Karpdtaka, anc., . . Caret. 

Kar^dfaka, mod,, . . -nuu^uve. 

Tujuva, 'na4u. 

Kurgi, Caret. 

Toijuva,) .... Caret. 

To^la, \ . , . . Ndrthy -kdshi, 

K6ta, 'na4le, 

Ba<jaga, 'na4uve. 

Kurmnba, .... •'na4uve. 

Inijay -na^uve. 

Malabar, -^idd, 4diyil. 

Sinhalesei -^itare. 



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72 



PAR— DURCH (VON)— BY— OT (SO)— PER. 



[chap, hi.— adverbs, etc 



Types. 






5^ 

^g (SaNSK^IIT, . . 


. . -<f, -bhydmy^ -bhis^ (instr.) 


■1 Iarabic, . . 




. . B- (insep. prefix). 


^ 


Bask, . . . 




. . 'Zj -zas. 




Finnic, . . 




. . Caret, 




Magyar, . . 




. . -<j, -roi. 


i 


Turkish, . . 




. . -dan. 




Circassian, . 




. . Caret. 




Georgian, . 




. . -gan. 


1 


Mongolian, . 




. . -yer^ -ber. 




Mantshu, . 




. . Caret. 




Javanese, Ngok 


0, . . Dene. 




Javanese, Krain 


a, . . Dening. 




Malay, . . . 


. . U'lih. 




' Chinese, Nankii 


% . . Yutig. 


f^ 


Chinese, Pekin, 


. . Yuf^. 




Chinese, Cantoi 


1, . . Yung. 


1 


Chinese, Shang] 


tiai, . Tdng. 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquia 


1, . . Eng. 




Japanese, 




-de, motte. 


Brahuf, 




. . -ene. 


:§ 


Gy^i, 




. . La. 


S 


Gydrung, . 




. . GL 


h 


Tdkpa, 




. . Gi. 




Mdnyak, . . 




. . U. 


"§ ' 


Thochii, . 




. . /'. 


1 


Sokpa, . . 




. . I^d. 


Horpa, 




. . KM, wit. 


1 


Tibetan (.written). 


. . Kyis, gis, his, yis. 


2 


Tibetan {spoken). 


. . /'. 




' Serpa, . . . 


. . Elongation of terminal 


^ 


Siinw^, . 




. . Mi. [vowel. 


■Vj 


Giirung, . 




. . A 


^ 


Miirmi, 




. . Syi. 




Magar, . 




. . Ye,i. 


Thdksya, . 




. . Kau. 


1 


Pdkhya, . 




. . Le. 


Newdr, 




. . Ang. 




Limbu, 




. . im, nti. 




Kirdnti, . 




. . Yd. 




Rodong, . 




. . Wd. 




RiSngchenbung, 


. . Ya, d. 




Chhingtdngya, 


. . . Gfid. 


^ 


N^hhereng, . 


. . . A'. 


i 


Wdling, . 




. . . A'. 


1^ 


Ydkha, . 




. . . Gfid. 


1 


Chour^a, 




. . . Kho. 


^^ 


Kulungya, 




. . . a: 


1^ 


Thulungya, 




. . . Kd. 


g 


Bdhingya, . 




. . . Mi. 




Lohorong, 




. . . E,yi. 


1 


Lambichhong 


> 


. . . Gnd. 


il 


BdUli, . . 




. . . Gnd. 


"< 


Sdng-pdng, 




. . . a: 




DiSmi, . . 




. . . A', gnd. 




Khdling, . 




. . . A'. 




Dungmdli, 




. . . A'. 




Ddrhi, . . 




. . . Caret. 


i 


Denwdr, . 




. . . Caret. 


t 


Pahri, . . 




. . . Caret. 


V 


Chepdng, . 




. . . Caret. 


^ - 


Bhrdmu, . 




. . . Caret. 


5^ 


Vdyu, . . 




. . . Caret. 


1 


Kuswar, . 




. . . Caret. 


Kusunda, . 




. . . A'i. 


^ 


Thini,. . 




. . . Le. 


Lepcha (Sikkim' 


, . . Nan, sa. 




BhiS0ni v. U 


lop 


a, . . ^/, M 



M 


Bodo, . . 


. 


• Jong, 


Dhimdl, . . . . 


Dong, ow, sho. 


^ . 


Kocch, . . . . 


. Diyd. 


^ 


Garo, 


Man. 


^ 


Kichdri, . . . . 


Caret. 




' Munipuri, . . . 


. Na. 


1 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 


Caret. 


Tablung Niigd, . . 


. Caret. 


^ 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Caret. 


^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


. Caret. 


1. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


. Caret. 


1 


Nowgong N;^d, 


. Wd. 


'i; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


. Nu. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . . 


Umnus. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


. Appunge. 


'^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 


. Caret. 




^Singpho, . . . 


. Caret. 




Burman {wri/un). 


Phrang. 


^ 


Burman (spokept), . 


. Phyen. 


c^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. Caret. 


'h' 


Kdmi, .... 


. Md. 


s 


Kdmi, .... 


Caret. 


1 


Mrd V. Toung, . 


. Caret. 


b 
^ 


Sdk, .... 


Caret. 


Talain v. Mon, . 


Nakeu. 


g 


Sgau-karen, . . 


AghauHi. 


■£ 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. Boh'koh. 


5 


Toungh-thu, . . 


Tome. 




Shdn, .... 


. Caret. 


Annamitic, . . 


. Tu. 


Siamese, . . . 


. Caret. 


1 


Ahom, .... 


. Caret. 


^ 


Khdmti, . . . 


Caret. 




Laos, .... 


Caret. 




' Ho (Kol), . . 


. 4k. 




Kol (Singhbhum), 


. lete. 




Santdli, . . . 


. . -iydte, -idte, -hatete. 




BhiSmij, 




. . By affix. 




Urdon, 




By affix. 




Mundala, 




. . A'tam. 




Rdjmahali 




. . By affix. 




Gondi, . 




. . Jgat, turse, durse. 


•2 


Gayeti, 




. . Caret. 


1 


Rutluk, 




. . Caret. 


s 


Naikude, 




. . Caret. 


Kolami, 




. . Caret. 


Mddi, . 




. . Caret. 




xMddia, 




. . Caret. 




Kuri, . 




. . Caret. 




Keikddi, 




. . Caret. 




Khond, 




. . Caret. 




Sdvara, 




. . Sitholo. 




Gadaba, 




. . Rom. 




Yerukala, 




. . Valla. 




Chentsu, 




. . Soyi. 




Tamil, anc 


, 


. . -dn. 




Tamij, mod., . . 


. . -dl, -nale. 




Malaydlma, anc, 


. . Caret. 




Malaydima, mod., 


. . -dly 'konda. 




Telugu,* . . . 


. . 'Valla, -wulla, -chtta. 




Karnd^ka, anc, 


. . Caret. 


1 


Karnd^ka, mod., 


. . 'inda. 


1 


Tujiiva, . . . 


. . -ath. 




Kurgi, .... 


. . -gon4u. 


^ 


Toduva,) . . 
Toda, ; . . 


Caret. 


1 


. 4nd, ar. 


«o 


Kdta, .... 


-inde. 




Badaga, . . . 


4nda. 




Kurumba, . . 


. 4nda. 




Irula, .... 


4rinda, inda. 




Malabar, . . . 


. kon4u, dl. 




Sinhalese, . 


• . 


. 'Wisin. 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ET&] LOIN— FERN (WEIT)— F AR— DALEKO— LONGE. 



73 



^ 


Types, 










1 (Sanskrit, .... Duram, paras. 


^ (Arabic, . 








Baaid, 


»N 


Bask, . . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . . 








Urruti, urrun, 

Kaukainen, 

Messze^ 


^ 


Turkish, . . 








Uzak. 


1 


Circassian, . 








Tshihshey, 


} 


Georgian, . 








Kide. 


Mongolian, . 








Khola, 


Mantshu, . 








Goto. 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 




Adoh, 




Javanese, Krama, , 




Tebih, 




Malay, . , . . 




Dakat. 




' Chinese, Nankin, , 




Yum, 


wv 


Chinese, Pekin, , 




Yuan, 




Chinese, Canton, , 




Un, 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Yun, 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 




Hng, 




Japanese, . . . 




Toku, 


Brahuf, . . 








Caret, 


^ 


' Gydmi, . . 








Ywen, 


K 


Gydrung, . . 








Ka-sri, 


4 


Tdkpa, . . 








Ringbu, 


.^ 


Mdnyak, . . 








Rassd. 




Thochd, . . 








Grikho, 


'i 


Sokpa, . . . 








Khblb, 


Horpa, . . 








Chkhi, 


i 


Tibetan {written), 






m, nyk. 


2 


^ Tibetan {s/oken), . 






Thdring, 


'Serpa, . . , , 






Rimbo, 


^^ 


Siinwdr, . . 








Gnani, 


1 


GUrung, . 








Rhemb, 


^ 


Miirmi, 








Thdring, 


r 


Magar, . 








Us, 


Thdksya, , 








Chart, 


I 


Pdkhya, . 








Tdhi, 


1^ 


Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, , 
Rodong, . 








Tdpd, 
Mdnkhb. 

Mdngsd, 

Mokhd^ misf, mose. 




RUngchenbung, 






Mdngsa, mat^khiyada, 




Chhingtingya, 






Mdngnwa, mangno. \mang. 


1 


Ndchhereng, . 






Chhiburu, 


Wdling, . 








, Mdngkhaya, 


Ydkha, . 








Mangduna, 


S 


Chourdsya, 








. Bhdna. 


Kulungya, 








, Chhugri, 


l*^ 


Thulungya, 








. Chhyubat, 


^ 


Bdhingya, , 








, Brdbay hare. 


*« 


Lohorong, 








Wby miyo. 


1 


Lambichhong 


> 






Mdnglck. 
, Tdrho. 


^ 


R;^lj^li, . . 










Sdng-p^g, 








. Chhusi, 




Diimi, . . 








, Chhyii, 




Khdling, . 








, Chhy-upd, 




Dungmili, 








, Mdngj mang'khd-yd. 


1 


' Ddrhi, . . 








, Tdrho, 


Denwdr, , 








. Tar-hoi, 


C 


Pahri, . . 








, Ta-pa-le. 


"^ 


Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
VAyu, . . 
Kttswar, . 








, Dydr^4o, 
. Korioh, 
, Ha4dm. 
. JM-re, 
Isinha- 


**^ 


Tfaaniy * • 








. Uhd. 


LqK^ (EiUdm), 


t «* JiiST^tffL. 




joamr.u 


MP 


•>. 


i 


, thdraig. 



>< 


rBodo, 


Gajdng, 


\ 


Dhimil, . , . . 


Dure, 


^ . 


Kocch, .... 


Dur, 


'^ 


Garo, 


Pijdng, 


^* 


Kdchiri, .... 


Caret, 




' Munipuri, . . . 
Mfth^Ndgd, , . 
TablungNlgd, . . 


Ardpa, 


■«* 


Atai, 


1 


Kdtike. 


1 


KhdriNdgd,, , . 


Uragu, 


V 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Chawk. 


■^ 


Nimsing Ndgd, 


Hdlb. 


? 


Nowgong Ndg^ . . 


Talang. 


'i; 


TengsaNdgi, . . , 


Langla, 


? 


Abor Miri, . . . . 


Caret, 


^ 


Sibsigar Miri, . . . 


Modo. 


■^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . . 


As-ain, 




Singpho, 


Tsanl 


1 


' Burman {written). 


Wk, 


1 


Burman {spoken), . . . 


fVif a-wd-mha. 


"^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . . 


Tsua-alau-ame, 


h- 


Kdmi, 


Khdn-ld, 


e 


KUmi, 


Pi4u-pa4, 




Mni V. Toung, . . . 


Caret, 


1: 


.S^, 


Caret, 


' Talain v. Mon, . . 


Nu-ma-way. 




Sgau-karen, . . , 


Yiy yizi. 


.S 

1 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Yaing, 


Toungh-thu, . , . 


Byd. 


1 


Shdn, 


An-kehn, 


K ' 


Annamitic, . . . 


. Xa, 


h 


Siamese, .... 


Ka-rihriy kit. 


1 


Ahom, 


■ Jau^ sat. 


Khimti, .... 


Kai. 




Laos, 


' Kai. 




'Ho(Kol), , . , 


, Sangtftg. 




Kol (Singhbhum), . 


, Sdnging^ sdnginiya. 




Santili, .... 


. Sdnging, 




Bhiimij, .... 


Sdnginiya. 




Urdon, .... 


. Gkha, 




Mundala, .... 


. Sdngin, 




Rdjmahali, . . . 


. Gkhi, 




Gondi, .... 


, Lak^ iangkak mandar. 


1 


Gayeti, .... 


, Lak, 


1 


Rutluk, . . . , 


, T/tb, 




Naikude, . . , . 


, Daw. 


c 


Kolami, , . , . 


. Pereddw. 


Mddi, 


Viiakyjeku, 




Mddia, , . . . 


Lap, 




Kuri, . , . . . 


, Atdr. 




Keikddi, . , . . 


, Diiram, 




Khond, .... 


Atuntank. 




Sdvara, , . . . 


Sangayi. 




Gadaba, .... 


. Sulbm. 




Yerukala, . , . . 


, Diray ki((e. 




Chentsu, . , , . 


, Dur. 




' Tami], anc„ . . , 


Seimd, 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


Tuleiy duram. 




Malaydjma, anc, , 


. Caret, 




Malaydima, mod., . 


, Akale, 




Telugu, . . , , 


DawUy ditramu. 


. 


Karnitaka, anc, 


, Caret. 


il 


Karijidtaka, mod., , 


Caret, 


s 


Tuluva, . , . , 


Caret, 


5 • 


Kurgi, 


Caret, 


•s 


To^uva,) . . . 
Toda, 1 . . . 


Caret, 


^ 


, Podthdshi, 




Kdta, 


Durame, 




Ba<Jaga, .... 


. Dura. 




Kttnimba, . . . 


D^a. 




Inija, 


. D^a. 




Malabar, .... 


Tktira. 




Sinhalese^. . . . 


Dura. 



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74 



DE— VON— FROM— OT—AB (DE). 



[chap. 111.— adverbs, etc 



Types. 


1 (Sanskrit, . . . . -<w, -bhydm,^ -bAyas* (abl. 


^ ^Arabic, . . 








Min, 


S 


Bask, . . . 
Finnic, . . 
Magyar, . . 








-diky 'tiky -gandiky -ganik. 

4ta. 

-roly -boL 


& 


Turkish, . . 








-dan. 




Circassian, 








Card. 


i 


Georgian, 








-sagariy -sgan. 


1- 


Mongolian, 








Etse, 


a 


Mantshu, 








4chL 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Tekay saka. 




Javanese, Krama, 




Sangkingy saking. 




Malay, . . . 




Dart. 




' Chinese, Nankin, . 




Ts'ung. 


»^ 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Ts'ungy kheu. 


I- 


Chinese, Canton, . 




Ts'ung. 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Dzyung. 


•^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Lui. 




Japanese, 








-yoriy kara. 


Brahuf, . 








. -dngy -an. 


:§ 


' Gydmi, . 








. Lu 


g 


Gy^rung, . 








. Shis, -s. 


h 


Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 








J'. 

TliCy ni. 


% ^ 


Thochii, . 








-ky iOy ge. 


1 


Sokpa, . . 








Gdsd. 


Horpa, 








LhdnOy gka. 


Tibetan {written), 






Na^y las. 


s 


Tibetan (spoken), 
Serpa, . . . 






My dine. 
NM. 


^ 


Siinwir, . 








Gnd. 


1 


GUrung, . 








IVdji. 


^ 


Miirmi, 








Yanche. 


l' 


Magar, . . 








In. 


Thdksya, . . 








Kydche. 


I 


Pdkhya, . 








Bdto. 


t 


Newdr, . , 
Limbu, . . 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 








Ni shyangy ang, ydken. 
Nuy manii. 

Ddnkd. 
Ddkdy dam. 




RUngchenbung, 






Ddngkd. 




Chhingtingya, 






Gnd. 


> 


Ndchhereng, . 






Am. 


Wdling, . 








Fangkwa. 


Ydkha, . 








Bwang. 


1 


Chourdsya, 








Lo-gno. 


^ 


Kulungya, 








Gnaydypikd. 


^ 


Thulungya, 








D-angy kdng. 


^ 


Bdhingya, . 








Ding. 


1 


Lohorong, 








Bdngypdng. 


.2 


Lambichhong 








Behong. 


^ 


Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
DUmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 








' Pdngypi. 

. Fikd. 

. Bikd. 

. Bikd. 

. Bat^y ihangd. 


1 


' Dirhi, . . 








. Nhk. 


Denwdr, . 








. Sun. 


^ 

^ 


Pahri, . . 








. Ang. 


Chepdng, . 








. I. • 


c ' 


Bhrdmu, . 








. Jdngygdng. 


^N 


V^yu, . . 








. Khen. 


^ 


Kuswar, . 








. Bathoy dkkhi. 


1 


Kusunda, . 








. Jangyjai. 


ft^i 


Thiru, . . 








Paidddekhalbat. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




, JVdn, Hang. 




Bhiitini v. U 


lop 


a, 




, NdleyieckdiL 






I 



I 



I 



I 



■^ 



I 






Bodo, . 








-phra. 


Dhimdl, . 








-sho. 


Kocch, . 








'hoite (?). 


Garo, . 








Prd. 


Kichdri, 








Card. 


Munipuri, 






Digi. 


Mfthdn Ndgd, 






Card. 


Tablung Ndgd, 






Card. 


Kh^ Ndgd, . 






Bine. 


Angdmi Ndgd, 






Card. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 






Caret. 


Nowgong Ndgd, 






Card. 


Tengsa Ndgd, 






Caret. 


Abor Miri, . 






Odankang. 


Sibsdgar Miri, 






Lokke. 


Deoria Chutia, 






Caret. 


Singpho, . . 






Caret. 


' Burman {%unttcn). 






Ka. 


Burman {spoken), 






Ga. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 






Ld. 


Kdmi, . . . 






Nd-i. 


Kdmi, . . . 






Card. 


Mni V. Toung, 






Caret. 


Sdk, . . . 






Card. 


' Talain v. Mon, 






. Nu. 


Sgau-karen, . 






Ler. 


Pwo-karen, . 






. Zer. 


Toungh-thu, . 






A. 


Shdn, . . . 






Kohn. 


Annamitic, . 






. Boi. 


Siamese, . . 






Twayy -te. 


Ahora, . . . 






Card. 


Khdmti, . . 






Luk. 


Laos, . . . 






Card. 


' Ho (Kol), . 






-te. 


Kol (Singhbhura 


), 




Te(4et). 


Santdli, . . 






'(henkhony -khondy -khon 


Bhiimij, 








-khon. 


Urdon, 








Tt. 


Mundala, 








Se. 


Rdjmahali 








-khon (?). 


Gondi, 








^^(?). 


Gayeti, 








Card. 


Rutluk, 








, Card. 


Naikude, 








. Caret. 


Kolami, 








. Card. 


Mddi, . 








Card. 


Mddia, 








Card. 


Kuri, . 








Card. 


Keikddi, 








Card. 


Khond, 








Card. 


Sdvara, 








Sit?wlo. 


Gadaba, 








Rom. 


Yenikala, 








Nunche. 


Chentsu, 








Singa. 


' Tamil, anc 


» • 






. -U. 


Tamil, mod., . 






-ninru. 


Malaydlma, anc, 




. Card. 


Malaydlma, mod., 




-ninnay -i/ninna. 


Telugu, ... 




-nunchi. 


Karadtaka, anc, 




Card. 


Karnd^aka, mod., 




. -inday -deseyinda. 


Tuliiva, . . . 




Card. 


Kurgi, . . . 






-cheUitu. 


Toduva,) 
Toda, ■ . 






-n. 






. -indy ar. 


K6ta, . . . 






-inde. 


Badaga, . . 






-inda. 


Kurumba, 






. -inda. 


Irula, . . , 






-irinday inda. 


Malabar, . . 






-d/y irunthu. 


Sinhalese, 








. -gen. 



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CHAP. III. — ADVERBS, ETC] 



ICI— HIER— HERE-ZDYES—HIC. 



75 



. Type^. 


•^ 


Bodo, Imbo. 


^ r. 


^ 


Dhimdl, 








. rsho. 


^ (Sanskrit, .... Ina^ atra. 


^ 


Kocch, 








Yahdn, 


^ (Arabic, . . 






. I/ond, hdhond. 


^* 


Garo, . 








Yaydn, 


fBASK, . . . 






. Emeriy ona, onara, ofiat^ unat. 


^ 


Kich^, 








. Caret, 




Finnic, . . 






. Tasa, 




Munipuri, 






. Asida. 




Magyar, . . 






. /A 


-:; 


Mfthdn Ndgd, 






Caret, 


^ 


Turkish, . . 






Buraya, 


1 


Tablung Ndgd, 






. Caret, 


1 


Circassian, . 






. Medehshey (?). 


Khdri Ndgd, . 






. Nikb. 


1 


Georgian, . 






. Aka, 


\> 


Angdmi Ndgd, 






. Haki, 


Mongolian, . 






. Ende, 




N^msing Ndgd, 






. Anang, 


c 


Mantshu, . 






. Ubade. 


ft 


Nowgong Ndgd, 






Ybng, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




, Ketie, 


•^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, 






. ^<^. 




Javanese, Krama, 




Ngriki, 


R 


Abor Miri, . 






Sho, 




Malay, . . . 




, Disini. 


"§ 


Sibsdgar Miri, 






So, 




' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Che-IL 
Che-lu 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 






Lahore, 
Node, 


^ 


Chinese, Canton, 




Ni'Chii, 


*^ 


' Blirman {written). 






Simhd, 


1' 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Tt-teh. 


;3 


Burman {spoken\ 






Thimha, 


■^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Chi-tau, tUhia. 


CQ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 






M-dm, 




Tapanese. . . 




Kokoniy koko. 


*i 


Kdmi, . . . 






Hla, ya. 


\. ti - r 










Kiirai, . . . 






Hi-bang, 


Brahuf, . . 






Ddde. 


1 


Mni v. Toung, 






Caret, 


En 


' Gydmi, . . 






Thi-mk. 


^ 
^ 


.Sik, . . . 






Caret, 


Gydrunsj, . . 






C/iidH, 




' Talain v. Mon, 






Kha-na-nau, 




Tdkpa, . . 






Wo cho. 


^ 


Sgau-karen, . 






'Pali, 


Mdnyak, . , 






Khopu, daii. 


'S 


Pwo-karen, . 






Taung-yu, 


.^ 


Thochii, . . . 






C/Wy kuzgdy chaksiy thaksi. 


J3 


Toungh-thu, . 






Yo, 


1 


Sokpa, . . . 






Indk, 


1 ■ 


Shdn, .... 






Kaniht, 


^ 


Horpa, . . 






U'du. 


Annamitic, . 






Ddi, 


§ 


Tibetan (luritten). 






Hadina, 


Siamese, . . , 






Hta-ni, ni. 


s 


Tibetan \spoken\ . 






Dicho, 


1 


Ahom, .... 






U, tinai. 










«0 


Khimti, . . . 






Pile, thai. 




Serpa, . . . 






IHru. 




Laos, .... 






Ni, 


1 


Siinwdr, . . 
Giirang, . . 
Miirmi, . . . 
Magar, . . . 
Thdksya, . . . 
Pdkhya, . . . 
Newdr, . . . 

T .imhii 






Watha, 
Churu 
JydsL 
Ilak, 
Kesichosi, 
Yttd, 
Thukh, 
Kbt-nd. 




' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singh 
Santili, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 


bhum 


/> • 




Netidre, 

Nethd, 

Nante, 

Nethai, 

Isan, 

Nithi, 

Ino, 


*- ^"» • • ♦ 










Gondi, . . 








Ingdbard, 




' Kirdnti, . . . 






Wadd, 


1 


Gayeti, . 








Caret. 




Rodong, . . . 






Wada, 


Rutluk, . 








Caret, 




Riingchenbung, . 






Odd, 


•n» 


Naikude, . 








Caret, 




Chhingtingya, . 






Bdye, bdyttnL 


jt 


Kolami, . 








Card, 


<5' 


Ndchhereng, . , 






Ik, ySksa, 


c 


Midi, . . 








Card, 


1 


Wdling, . . . 






I'ydky wada^ waya. 




Mddia, . 








Card, 


^ 


Yikha, . . . 






Khh, ndkhL 




Kuri, . . 








Card. 


1 


Chourdsya, . . 






AiOy amna, alvL 




Keikddi, . 








Card, 


5s 


Kulungya, . . 






VSksa, ingkwdpi. 




Khond, . 








Card, 


t* 


Thulungya, . . 






A' no, dsiy asinda. 




Sdvara, . 








Tenne, 


^^ 


Bihingya, . . 






Ydkdre, ike, yeke. 




Gadaba, . 








TennS, 


1 

5 


Lohorong, . . 






Igobe, igiyu, kiyu. 




Yerukala, . 








Yafukire, yinge. 


Lambichhong, . 






Ndbe, note. 




Chentsu, . 








I' hand, yechhini. 


^ 


Bdlili, .... 
Sdng-pdng, . . 






Kobi, koyu, 
Nopyd, nopi. 




' Tamil, anc, . . 
Tamil, mod., . . 






Ivan, 
I'ngu, 




DUmi, .... 






Tebi, 




Malaydlma, anc, 




Card, 




Khdling, . . . 






Tdbi, tdbignd. 




Malaydima, mod., . 




Ivite, 




Dungn^i, . . 






Ibi, ydk. 




Telugu, .... 




Ikka4a. 




' Dirhi, .... 






r-chu 




Karndtaka, anc. 




Card, 


1 


Denw^, . . . 






Ye-tu 


i 


Karndtaka, mod., . 




lUi, 


Pahri, .... 






ThugU'thd, 


Tuluva, . . . 






Inehi, 




Chepdng, . . . 
Bhrdmu, . . . 
Vdyu, .... 
Kuswar, . . . 






Card, 
Hi-di, 
I-ne, i4he, 
Achi-na, 




Kurgi, . . . . 
Toduva,) . . 
Toda, ) . . 
Kdta, .... 






lUi, 
Itt, 

It, ing 
lydne. 


«^ 


Kusunda, . . . 
Thini, . . . . 






Tau-wa. 
Yehara. 




Baraga, . . . 
Kurumba, . . 






lUi, 
Illi, 












Iruja, .... 






Inge, 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 




Alim, aba. 




Malabar, . . . 






Ingd, 




Bhtltini v. Lhopj 


^ • 




DiiL 




Sinhalese, . 


. . 






Mehk. 



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76 



COMMENT— WIE— HOW ?— KAK— QUI. 



[chap. III.— adverbs, etc. 



1 

t 



Types, 

(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



Kaiham, 
Keif, 



I 



Bask, jsjola^ zelan. 

Finnic, Kuinka, 

Magyar, Bogy, 

Turkish, Nasi, 

Circassian, .... Sidu shit. 

Georgian, .... Kith, 

Mongolian, .... Yaghon-yer. 

Mantshu, .... Adarame, 

Javanese, Ngoko, . . Kapriye. 

Javanese, Krama, . . Kadospundi, 

Malay, Bagimdna, 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 



Tsen-mo-yang. 

Tsen-mo-yang. 

Timyeong, 

Na-ndng. 

Chiah-iun. 

Doste^ ikan. 



h 
5 1 



s 



I 

3 



I 



I 

I 



Brahuf, Kdn, 

' Gydmi, Thi-md, 

Gydning, Jliigupso, this-pe, 

T^pa, Katin-gyd. 

Mdnyak, Hanus-moh. 

Thochii, Nikanju^ nikachan. 

Sokpa, Caret, 

Horpa, A'chibi, 

Tibetan {ivritun)^ . . Tsug^ chitsug, 
Tibetan {spoketi), , , , Khd-che, khanda, 

' Serpa, Kdnde, kdndd, 

Siinwdr, Dbdiv, 

Gdrung, K/iaga liyon, 

MUrmi, Khdtpd, 

Magar, Kuddr^-cha, 

Thdksya, Khajuldba, 

Pikhya, Caret, 

Newir, Gathk, gt, 

Limbu, A'pha, 

Kirdnti, A'insuko, 

Rodong, Ddskwa, ddsbkwa. 

Rdngchenbung, . . . Khainsaki^ khdtnse, 

Chhingtingya, . . . Hbkhyakkha, 

Ndchhereng, .... Ddkhtb, 

Wdling, HagnSkagna, 

Ydkha, NdhSk, 

Chourisya, .... A'si chokcJw, 

Kulungya, .... U*ddim^ ddim. 

Thulungya, .... Hesaka^ heka^ he. 

Bdhingya, .... GekhOy gekhom, 

Lohorong, .... Mantok, maniokye, 

LambichSiong, . . . Hende-khd, 

Bdldli, A'pto, 

Sdng-pdng, .... Ydn-tako, 

Ddmi, Hemphem, 

Khdling, Hemphem, 

Dungmdli, .... Tete, 

Dirhi, Kd-sai, 

Denwdr, Ka-nhe, 

Pahri, Gi-re, 

Chepdng, Caret. 

Bhi4mu, Hk-tu. 

Vdyu, Hung-ngd, 

Kuswar, Kd-s^e, 

Kusunda, Natuwan. 

Thdru, Caret, 



' Bodo, Bre. 

Dhimdl, He-sd, he-dong. 

Kocch, Kemon. 

Garo, Bigdndd, 

Kichdri, Caret, 



^ 
^ 



I 



I 



i 






I 

4 



I 
I 



Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Salom, 
Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, . . Kdte-bL 



I 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, , 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



Kurumtoutia, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Kotisau. 

Nokidihika, 

Caret. 

Kotau. 

Katikiang. 

Kdppida. 

Kapu, 

Dakang. 

Caret, 



Burman {written), . . Bheso. 
Burman {sj>okm\ . . . Bhetho. 
Khyeng v. Shou, . . Fban. 

Kdmi, Nd'ha-be. 

Kiimi, Caret. 

Mni v. Toung, . . . Caret. 
.Sdk, Caret. 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Tsou-la. 
Sgau-karen, .... Di-lai, 
Pwo-karen, .... Baithele, 
Toungh-thu, .... Leu-may, 

Shdn, Tso-hu. 

Annamitic, .... Thi-ndo, 

Siamese, Ran-rihn^ thauphra het. 

Ahom, Caret. 

Khdmti, Caret. 

Laos, Caret, 

'Ho(Kol), .... Chialeka, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Chi4ika, 

Santdli, Chet-ieko, 

Bhiimij, Chi-lika, 

Urdon, YSkassi, 

Mundala, Chiike, 

Rdjmahali, .... Ikna, 

Gondi, Bdhun, 

Gayeti, Caret, 

Rutluk, Caret. 

Naikude, Card, 

Kolami, Caret, 

Mddi, Caret, 

Mddia, Caret, 

Kuri, Caret, 

Keikddi, Yedanu, 

Khon^, Caret, 

Sdvara, Yengd, 

Gadaba, Yerdndi. 

Yerukala, Yate. 

Chentsu, Kemune, 

Tamil, anc, . . . . Caret, 

Tamil, mod., .... Eppadiy yeppa4i^ 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydlma, mod., . . Engine, 

Telugu,* Etld.yetld, 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret, 

Kanjdtaka, mod., . . Ifydnge^ yentu. 

Tuluva, Caret. 

Kurgi, Yennane, 

Toduva,) .... Caret. 

Toda, S .... Hyage. 

Kdta, Y^e, 

Baraga, Yktete^ hyage, 

Kurumba, .... Yetate. 

Irula, Yepadi. 

Malabar, Eppadiy evoethamaka, 

Sinhalese, Kohomada, 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC] COMBIEN— WIE VIEL— HOW MUCH P—SKOLKO— QUANTUM. 



n 



Types. 



I (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



I 



•a 






k 



5 



I 



J 



' Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, .... 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, .... 



Gydmi, . . . 
Gydrung, . . . 
Tikpa, . . . 
Mdnyak, . . . 
Thochii, . . . 
Sokpa, . . . 
Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan {spoken), . 

Serpa, .... 

Siinwdr, . . . 

GUrung, . . . 

MiSnni, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

P^khya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



I 

V 



Kirdnti, . . . 
Rodong, . . . 
Rilngchenbung, . 
Chhingtingya, . 
Ndchhereng, . . 
Wiling, . . . 
Ydkha, . . . 
Chourdsya, . . 
Kulungya, . . 
Thulungya, . . 
Bdhingya, . . 
Lohorong, . . 
Lambichhong, . 
Bdldli, .... 
Sdng-pdng, . . 
Diimi, .... 
Khdling, . . . 
Dungmdli, . . 

Ddrhi, .... 
Denwdr, . . . 
Pahri, .... 
Chepdng, . . . 
Bhrdmu, . . . 
V4yu, .... 
Kttswax, . . . 
Kusnnda, . . . 
TUni». . . . 



Lepdba (SiUdm)^ . . 



Kiy(U, 
Kant, 

Zemhaij zdmbeste. 
Kuinka paljo, 
MmnyiveL 
Kach. 

Yet-shash, 

Raodm, 

Kediir-tsineghm. 

Udu, 
Fira. 
Pinten, 
Bardpa, 

Yu4o-shaou, 

Yu-to-shaou. 

Ki4o, 

Ki-ho. 

Jod-choe. 

Dono guraiy ikura. 

Akhadr, 

To syb, 

This-ti, 

G6, 

Trimni, 

Nikal. 

In chhin yubi. 

Haisyi, 

Tsaniy tsoma, 

Khd chwL 

Kajb, 

GisL 

KdtS, 

Gddi, 

Kudit, 

Kang nya. 

KaH, 

Gulu 

A'khm. 

De mbye. 

DUm no, 

Dhn ye, 

A'suk, 

Dkl, 

Teniy dent, 

Ingkhbg ha. 

A'skwalo, 

Detye-DH, 

ffa/a^ hayu^ hamko. 

Gisko, 

Yeh-wa. 

Caret, 

Aptoklo. 

DdhUe, 

Hebe, 

Hebe, 

Tern. 

Kat'ha, 

Kat-ha, 

Gtt-pi. 

Caret, 

Ku-wa, 

Hd4hd. 

Katak. 

A'sina. 

Ketand. 

Sakt. 



I 






I 
I 









«0 



I 



I 

s 

J 



Bodo, . 
Dhunil, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthin Ndgi, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angimi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {written), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou. 
Kimi, . 
Kiimi, . 
MnS V. Toung, 
[Sik, . 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhi 
Santili, 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahalij 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . 
Keikidi, 
Khoi^d, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 
Yenikaia, 
Chentsu, 

' Tamij, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc. 
Malaydima, mod. 
Telugu,' . . 
Kar^^taka, anc, 
Kar^^taka, mod 
Tujuva, 
Kurgi, . 
To^uva,) 
Toda, ; 
Kdta, . 
Beujaga, 
Kufumba, 
Lmla, • 
Malabsuv 
SSnhalese, 



um 



). 



Bechi-chibdng, 
He-jokho, 
Koto, kiti, 
Bipdng, 
Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Kuia. 

Kichuru. 

Chmto, 

Kayuka, 

Katekat. 

Eritko, 

Uduko, 

Amcha. 

Gadema. 

Bhelok, 

Bhelauk, 

HyaU'Um. 

Ha-yUo. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Ma-tsi, 

Si-ah-lai, tse-ah. 

Tsai-ah'lai. 

Khdng hmay. 

Hta-noung. 

Mdy. 

Htau-rihty ki lem. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Kilam. 

Cheminang. 
Chimidng. 
Tin, tindhy tintiri. 
Chimidng. 
Y^ngpagi. 
Chimna. 
Ina. 

Bachola^ baruhur. 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret. 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret. 
Caret, 
Yentabaru, 
Mesbni, 
Dite. 
ji(f4isugb. 
Yittana. 
Ketta, kettaguld. 

Ettunei. 

Evalavu^ yewafavu. 

Caret, 

Etra, 

Enta, yenta. 

Caret, 

Estitu, 

Ett, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Yet. 

Yfy'e. 

Yi/a. 

Yesaga. 

YettanL 

Ewaiavu. 

Koccharada, 



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78 



EN— IN— IN— V— IN. 



[chap. III. — ^ADVERBS, ETC 



> 



Types. 



■5 (Sanskrit, 
<|, (Arabic, . 



-/, -os^ -su* 
Ft. 



(loc.). 






Bask, .... 

Finnic, . . . 
Magyar, . . . 
Turkish, . . 
Circassian, . . 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, , . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kraraa, 
Malay, . . . 



ti; 



5 



I 



I 



I 

I 
I 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahul, .... 

Gydmi, . . , . 
Gydrung, .... 
Tikpa, .... 
Mdnyak, .... 
Thochii, .... 
Sokpa, .... 
Horpa, .... 
Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan {spoken), . . 

Serpa, 

Siinwir, .... 

Giirung, .... 

Miirmi, .... 

Magar, .... 

Th^sya, .... 

Pikhya, .... 

Newdr, .... 

Limbu, . . . , 

' Kirinti, .... 
Rodong, .... 
RUngchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, . . 
Ndchhereng, . . . 
Wiling, .... 
Yikha, .... 
Choui4sya, . . . 
Kulungya, . . . 
Thulungya, . . . 
Bdhingya, . . . 
Lohorong, . . . 
Lambichhong, . . 

Bdldli, 

Sdng-pdng, . . . 

DUmi, 

Khiling, .... 
Dungmdli, . . . 

f Ddrhi, 

Denwdr, .... 

Pahri, 

Chep^g, .... 
Bhrdmii, .... 

Vdyu, 

Kuswar, . . . , 
Kusunda, .... 
Thiru, .... 

Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, . 



'fly -barreruny -gan. 

'Ssa, 

-ban. 

Ehkotz, 

-shin, 

Tur, dur. 

Dolo^ dorgi, 

Jero, 

Lebei. 

Di. 

Tsdi, 

Tsdi, 

Hat. 

Leh-lah. 

Ti, 

-ni. 

.//. 

Ld. 

SyprL 
Nd 

Khu, choh. 
KMu, tik, ti, 

TTlUy tu. 

Nd, no, chd. 
Ldy na, 
Ld 

Ld, 

Mi, 

Ri, 

Ri, 

Ydng, ang, 

Hisono, 

Bdi, 

E\ tk. 

Mo, khep-mo^ kuthung-tho, 

Dd 

Dd 

Dd 

Be,pe, 

Pi, 

Inan^ da, ida. 

Be, songbe, 

Lo, 

Pd, piy gopdy piiu, thenitu. 

Nd, ddy du, duda. 

Di, bbrcy gware. 

Be, bi. 

Be, 

Piy chapittu. 

Pi, 

Yoy bi, 

Bi, 

Piy yd 

Very her. 
In, 

Gar-hi-nk, 
Hdng, 
Thd-chi, 
Be, 
Kana, 
Tdi. 
Bdkinahi, 

Kdyplbng, 
Nd 



I 



I 



I 



R 



Bodo, . . 

Dhimdl, . 
Kocch, 

Garo, . . 

Kich^, . 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khiri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgi, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsigar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

Burman {written), 

Burman {spoken), , 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . . 
Kiimi, . . 
MnS V. Toung, 
Sdk, . . 



^ 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Tounghthu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, 
Khimti, . 
Laos, . . 



Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbh 
Santili, 
Bhiimij, . 
Urion, 
Mundala, . 
Rijmahali, 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



urn). 



I 



' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydjma, anc, 
Malaydima, mod., 
Telugu, . . . 
Karndtaka, anc., 
Kar^dtaka, mod., 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, ) 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurimiba, 
Iruia, . . 
M^dabar, . 
Sinhalese, 



-hd, -oUy -choUy -nou. 

'tdy -rhutd, 

•te (?). 

Pumvai, 

Caret, 

Da, 

Khd 

Sah, 

Gu, 

Kinu. 

Hum-nyu. 

Long, 

Atap, 

A'rang, 

Ardio, 

Chikimo, 

Katai, 

Nhaik, 

Nhaiky a-htamha, 

Duka, 

Yd 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Ativay, 

A'pu, 

Ler-pung, 

Pu, 

Kanoung, 

Trong, 

Khan-nd, nai. 

Khau, 

Kannu, 

Nai, 

-re, 

-re, 

-tdldre, -re, 

Bhitar, re (?). 

Uld 

Bhitar (within). 

4dldre (?). 

Imittk, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Logna, 

RaQ). 

Kore, koku. 

Ganty ta, 

'kan, 

41, 

Caret, 

M, 

4oy -<indu, 

-ol, 

-olage, -alii, 

-olai'idu, 

'lu, -pakka, 

■ol, 

-ult, 

-voltage, 

'Voliage, 

'Vollage, 

-iiUe, 

-iiy ui, 

-atuIL 



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CHAP. III. — ADVERBS, ETC] 



PEU—WENIG— LITTLE— MALO—PAULUM. 



79 



1 
I 



Types. 

•^ (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 

Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

r Chinese, Nankin, 
>^ Chinese, Pekin, 
I I Chinese, Canton, 
^1 ' Chinese, Shanghai 
"^ Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 



Si 

1^ 



I 



t 



I 






Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 
Tibetan (ivritten), 

Tibetan {spken\ 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Giirung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thiksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

RUngchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kuluhgya, 

Thulungya, 

Bihingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . 

Khdling, 

Dungmdli, 

Diirhi, . 
Denwdr, 
Pahri, . 
Cheping, 
Bhrimu, 
Vdyu, . 
Kuswar, 
Kusunda, 
Thiru, . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



Alpa, 
JfaiiL 

Guchi, gichiy guti. 

Waha. 

Caret, 

Az. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Utsoghen tedu'i, tsiigheti. 

Madchighe^ kheni. 

SatiHk. 

Satedik. 

Sadikit. 

Shaou. 

Shaou. 

Shiu. 

Siaw. 

Soe. 

Skoshiy sukoshi. 

Math. 

Sybti. 

Kuh'Chk. 

Chuti. 

Tameh. 

Khwini. 

Bdgd. 

A'mohe. 

Nyung. 

Niguva. 

Chdyak chik. 

Iskd. 

Chigi-dS. 

UdU. 

Chkk-jd. 

Chipri. 

Yokaty thokdi. 

Bhati. 

Mi-sa. 

Chichi. 

Pichhe. 

Chi-chi. 

Mih-nw. 

Chichha. 

Achichiy achi. 

Misydha. 

Chig-ndpu. 

Chichha^ gichha. 

Kichwe. 

Kd-chi. 

Mig'-mo. 

Miyo. 

Mechhuk. 

U'ttU'Chhe. 

Tibichyo. 

Tibiche. 

Achichi. 

Chut'hi. 

Chut-ek'pe. 

Bhd-chd. 

Caret. 

Sbn-bi, 

Iti-bang, 

Thbre. 

Dyoro. 

Thoro. 

Amdn. 
Nyiing'bo. 



I 



I 



i 



■^ 
h 

« 
4 

^ 

^ 






I 



a 



' Bodo, Tisi, kiiisi. 


Dhimdl, . 








A'toisd. 


Kocch, . 








Gutik. 


Garo, . . 








Kittk si. 


Kichiri, . 


. 






Caret. 


' Munipuri, . . 






Vdmde. 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . 






Ohipia. 


Tablung Ndgi, . 






Eching/td. 


Khdri Ndgd, . . 






Ichadango. 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 






Katimo. 


Ndmsdng Ndgi, . 






Achd. 


Nowgong Ndgd, 






Ishika. 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 






Tesu. 


Abor Miri, . . 






Caret. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 






Ajo-da. 


Deoria Chutia, . 






Poiani. 


Singpho, . . . 






Katsi. 


' Burman {wriHen), 






Chhitkhalk. 


Burman (spoketi). 






Seik-khale. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 






A4dk-chd-i. 


Kdmi, . . . 






Tsei-du-to. 


Kiimi, . . . 






A'htan. 


Mni V. Toung, 






Caret. 


Sdk, . . . 






Caret. 


Talain v. Mon, 






Sut. 


Sgau-karen, . 






. 'Si'ku, tse, atjhe. 


Pwo-karen, . 






. Re-pu. 


Toungh-thu, . 






. Pa. 


Shdn, . . . 






. Ait. 


Annamitic, . 






. //. 


Siamese, . . 






. Net'ta-rby leknoi. 


Ahom, . . . 






. Chut. 


Khdmti, . . 






Lek kye. 


Laos, . . . 






. Caret. 


Ho (Kol), . 






. Anga. 


Kol (Singhbhum 


), 




Huding. 


Santdli, . . 






. A'dhaUj charakoi'Chakoih. 


Bhiimij, 








. Huding. 


Urdon, 








Sani. 


Mundala, 








. Huding. 


Rdjmahali 








. Jbkd. 


Gondi, 








ThodkOy jardsb mandar. 


Gayeti, 








Caret. 


Rutluk, 








. Thor. 


Naikude, 








. Torra. 


Kolami, 








. Turra. 


Midi, . 








Ichun^ huduk. 


Mddia, 








. HudUy ugunam. 


Kuri, . 








. Thani. 


Keikddi, 








. Tode. 


Khond, 








. Yike. 


Sdvara, 








. Tete. 


Gadaba, 








Khamfiki. 


Yenikala, 








Rutana. 


Chentsu, 








. Rdjy chone. 


Tamil, anc, . 






. Caret. 


Tamil, mod., . 






. Siriyay chinna. 


Malaydlma, anc., 




Caret 


Malaydlma, mod., 




Koray kure. 


Telugu,' . . . 




Kdstay konchemu. 


Karadtaka, anc, 




. Card. 


Karadtaka, mod.. 




. Tus-a, th(Hie. 


Tuliiva, . . . 




. Onda. 


Kurgi, . . . 






. Chennang. 


Toduva,) . 
Toda, ; . 






. Caret. 






Yeddiy kinud. 


K6ta, . . . 






. Kunade. 


Badaga, . . 






. KunOy konji. 


Kurumba, 






. Vbsi. 


Iruia, . . . 






Konja. 


Malabar, . . 






SirUy konjam. 


Sinhalese, 


. 






. Tika. 



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BEAUCOUP— VIEL— MUCH— MNOGO— MULTUM. [chap, hi.— adverbs, etc 



^ Types. 


•J (Sanskrit, , . . . Baku. 


4, (Arabic, . . 






Kathir, 


s 


Bask, . . . 
Finnic, . . 
Magyar, , . 






Asko, aski, lar, geiy geyegi, 

Paljo. 

SoK 


^ 


Turkish, , , 






Chok. 


1 


Circassian, , 






Bedded, 


1 - 


Georgian, . 






Bekri, 


r 


Mongolian, . 






Olariy teduighen, 


Mantshu, . 






JLabdu. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Akeh. 




Javanese, Krama, 




Katah, 




Malay, . . . 




Banak, 




' Chinese, Nankin, . 




To. 


r 


Chinese, Pekin, 




To, 


Chinese, Canton, 




To. 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Tu, 


<5 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Choe. 




Japanese, 






Takusariy tanto. 


Brahuf, . , 






Bdz. 


5' 


Gydini, . . 






Td-H. 


g 


Gydrung, . , 






Kak-tu 


h 


Tdkpa, . , 
Minyak, . . 






Shibo, 
Tabrd. 


1 ^ 


Thochii, . . 






Brobo, 


1 


Sokpa, . . . 






Elvik, 


Horpa, . , 






Kagare. 


i 


Tibetan {written). 






Mdng^ tumo. 


8 


^ Tibetan {spokm\ 
Serpa, . . . 






Md-gH (mdngnd ?). 
A'ld 


1 


Silnwir, . , 
GUrung, . . 






lUhM. 
Lhkyb, 


■s 


Murmi, . . , 






Lhdnd. 


1- 


Magar, . , . 






Dhkr, 




Thiksya, . . , 






Dhan-hd, 


i 


Pdkhya, . , , 






Mauti, 


^ 


Newdr, . . , 
Limbu, . , , 

Kirdnti, . , . 
Rodong, . , . 
RUngchenbung, . 
Chhingtingya, . 






Apd, 
YoriK 

Badho. 
Kebka, 
Bad'dho, 
Dhkra, bddhc. 


c- 


Ndchhereng, . 






Antkhbpa, 


i 


Wiling, . . 






Dhkrdng, bacfhe^ 


iC 


Ydkha, . , 






Pydg-ha, 


^ 


Chourdsya, . 






YHikhblse, 


S 


Kulungya, 






WaddHwa^ wadetio. 


t* 


Thulungya, . 






Dhkkbng. 


Bdhingya, 






Ydko, 


Lohorong, , 






Dhe-rok, dilik, khwa, chopmo. 


Lambichhong, 






Batfhebdk. 


1 


Bdldli, . , , 






Duklo, 


Sdng-pdng, , 






Otto^ wotia. 




Diimi, , . . 






Thobe, 




Khdling, . . 






Thebe, gole. 




Dungmdli, 






Nindm-md, 




' Dirhi, , , . 






Dherai, 


1 


Denwdr, . . 






, Dhkrk, 


^ 


Pahri, , , , 






. Chlhhbr^, 


V 


Chepdng, . . 






. Jhb, 


Bhrdmu, . . 






. BM'he. 


Vdyu, . . . 






Ching-ngak^ sing-ye. 


1 


Kuswar, . . 






, Dhhre. 


Kusunda, . . 






Mang-gnL 


OQ 


Thiru,. . . 






Bahut, 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




. Ag-ydp, 




Bhiitdm V. Lhop 


a, 




Mdng-bo. 



I 



a. 



I 









i 

J 



S 

■^ 



=1 

>5 



<! 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

' Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndg^ 
Khdri Ndgd, , 
Angdmi Nigd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndg^ 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deona Chutia, 
Singpho, . . , 

' Burman {written), 

Bunnan {spoken), . 

Khyeng v. Shou, 

Kimi, . 

Kiimi, . 

MnS v. Toung, 
[Sdk, . 

' Talain v, Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, , . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, » 
Ahom, . . 
Khimti, . 
Laos, , , 

' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum), 
Santdli, 
Bhilmij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali. 
Gop^i, , 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . 
Midia, 
Kuri, , 
Keikddi, 
Khond, 
Sivara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukala, 
Chentsu, 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod,, 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydima, mod. 
Telugu,* . . 
Karpdtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod., 
Tuluva, 
Kurgi, , . 
To(Juva,) 
Tocja, ; 
KcSta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kunimba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Gab-dng^ gobdng, 
Eshuto, 
Bhelela, 
Takkri. 

Caret, 

Yame. 

Taihu, 

Eselai, 

Kwalangau, 

Hyapur, 

Ajd, 

Ayuka. 

Tebe. 

Caret, 

A'b^o, 

Poim, 

Lo. 

Myd 

Mydy apon, 

A'pd-Iuk. 

Fa, ong-Je, 

No^i, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Hbau, 

Ah, ahmah, 

Ahmah, 

A, 

Taima. 

Nhiiu, 

Hton, lai, bundd, 

Rd 

Nam. 

Nak, Idi, 

Pura^ essu, 
EsU. 

U(ih udi'Utdr, ater, atua, 
Bara (udi f). [dkutd, dmdd. 
Udi, dhkr, 
Dhkr(dmddf). 
Gduri, 

WaU, pharol, balk mandar. 
Wale, 
WaiU. 
Dagdr, 
Kub, 
VelU, 
Bel, 

GaUtakig, 
Wanrdsi, 
Purd-dte, 
Ban, 
Burre, 
Mettd. 
Bhbri, 

Mikka, 

Mikunda^ michamana. 

Caret, 

Valara, 

Ninddy mikkili. 

Caret. 

Bahama, 

Dinja, 

Perta, 

Uppom. 

Upam, 

Yeddame, 

Thumba^ appara, 

Appara, 

Thumba, 

Met4ha, 

Bohoma, 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] 



PROCHE— NAHE— NEAR— BLIZKO— PROPE. 



8l 



I. 



'^ 



t 



Types. 

■^ JSanskrit, 
'^ (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 



3 
I' 

.5 



I 



Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (written)^ 

Tibetan {spokm), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Giirung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pikhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Rdngchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdlili, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khiling, . 
Dungmdli, 

f Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrimu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



Antikam. 
Karib, 

Aldean^ alboan, urbill^ arras. 
Lahiy 'iasna. 
KozeL 
Yakin. 
Tlagha. 
Akhlo. 
Oira. 
Khantchi. 
Cherak. 
Chtlak. 
Jduh. 

Kin, 

Chin. 

Kan. 

Kidng. 

Kun. 

Chikaku. 

Musti. 

Jhin. 

Kaching. 

ITiungbii. 

Rini. 

Grin, grinista. 

Nangni. 

Thane. 

Ring. 

Thdni. 

Thak-nimbo. 

Ntthd. 

Kendo. 

Jyat-na. 

Khwep. 

Nyese. 

Nesai. 

Satti. 

Neng ddng. 

Nektd. 

Gnan\ gnan^ge, nenge. 

Nek4a, nekkJiida, fteek. 

Tanghe, tangne. 

Caret. 

Mumikgndy nek-yang. 

Ningddng, 

A'mna. 

JSIhi'kha. 

Gnhpa. 

Neng'tha, pumbi. 

Nen, ning-tdng. 

Tang-neklok. 

Netd. 

Netiy yubhi. 

Mebignd. 

Nephdm. 

Nek, nektdng. 

Nd'gik. 
Yht^hi. 
Nhydr-ke. 
Lok-to. 
Ka-nydk. 
Khk'Wa. 
Pas-yong. 
Ista. 
Ihyd. 

Athol. 
Thd-nu 



I 






I 

I 



I 






^ 






M 



I 



Bodo, Khdtai. 

Dhimil, Cheng-so. 

Kocch, Nag-ich. 

Garo, Katai. 

Kdchiri, Caret. 



Munipuri, . . 
Mlthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Kh^ Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsing Ndgi, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, . 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . , . 

Burman {writun), 
Burman {spokm\ . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kiimi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 



Hole. 

Otike. 

Anhagu. 

Chaguno. 

Therkb. 

Tats-aka. 

Annangld. 

Aninda. 

Aniinse. 

Buttigain. 

Ni. 

Ni. 

Ni, a-ni-mha. 

A'Shyo-zo-yan. 

Nei. 

Ki-sd. 

Caret. 

Caret. 



I 



' Talain v. Mon, . . . Tsouk. 

Sgau-karen, .... Bu. 

Pwo-karen, .... Boh, 

Toungh-thu, .... Lau. 

Shdn, An-san. 

Annamitic, .... Gdn. 

Siamese, Kard, klai. 

Ahom, Klai. 

Khdmti, Kan. 

Laos, Kai. 

'Ho(Kol), .... Ndite. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Nia. 

Santili, Fhed, fhdh, then, fhenare. 

Bhdmij, Jdrkyd. 

Urdon, mdi. 

Mundala, Najik, nagich. 

Rdjmahali, .... Atgi. 

Gon^i, Karum, muntosa mandar. 

Gayeti, Karum. 

Rutluk, Karum. 

Naikude, Daia. 

Kolami, Madawattan. 

M4di, Vere, here. 

Mddia, Hor. 

Kuri, Merd. 

Keikddi, Kitte. 

Kho^cJ, Caret. 

Sdvara, Tuya. 

Gadaba, Tantel. 

Yerukala, KCtta, kU(dyi. 

Chentsu, Ldg. 

Tamil, anc, .... Anmei. 

Tamil, mod., .... Kitta. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydlma, mod., . . A(ukke. 

Telugu, Ddpu, daggera. 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 

Karpdiaka, mod., . . Hattara, sdre. 

Tuluva, Khayij tob. 

Kurgi, Pakka. 

Toduva,) .... Keguri. 

Tocja, ) . . . . Kehuri. 

Kdta, Vottle. 

Baraga, Vottura, sdri. 

Kufumba, .... Pakkaru. 

Iruja, Kitta. 

Malabar, Kitta. 

Sinhalese, Langa. 



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82 



NUL (NON)— NEIN— NO— NYET— NON. 



[chap. III. — ADVERBS, ETC 



. Types. 




u 


'Bodo, 


. Ongd, geyd. 


^ (Sanskrit, . . 
«^ (Arabic, . . . 


. JVa (md =r\ot). 
La, /am, lets. 


1. 


Dhimdl, . . . . 
Kocch, . . . . 
Garo, 


, Md, mdnthu, 
. Nah, nabin. 
, AM, 


s 


Bask, 


. £z. 


^ 


[Kdchiri, . . . . 


. Caret. 




Finnic, . . . . 


, Eti, et, eiy etc. (neg. particle 




'Munipuri, . . . 


. Nate. 




Magyar, . . . , 


. Sem. \^e). 


"S 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 


. Mantai, 


^ 


Turkish, . . . 


. Yok, 


1 


Tablung Ndgi, . . 


. Mang-cha. 


1 


Circassian, . . . 


. Shgeb. 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


. Nongb. 


r 


Georgian, . . . 


. Nu, 


V 


Angdmi Ndgi, . . 


. Mowe, 


Mongolian, , . 


. Ugei, 


■1. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 


, Md. 


e 


Mantshu, . . . 


. Ako, 




Nowgong Ndgd, . 


. Mau, ncnga. 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 


. Ora, 


(*; 


TengsaNdg^ . . 


, Nongo. 




Javanese, Krama, 


. Boten. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. Mdmd. 




Malay, . . . . 


. Bukan, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . , 


. Md, 




' Chinese, Nankin, . 


. Puh^hi. 


t^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 


. Hbya, 




Chinese, Pekin, . 


. Pu'Shih. 




Singpho, . . . 


, Galai, 


1 


Chinese, Canton, . 


. 'M-hai, 


"1 


' Burman {written). 


. Mahut. 


*• • 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


. Veh. 


1 


Burman {spoken). 


, Mahok, mahot-hu. 


»^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


. Bd, ''m-sL 


"^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


, Hi-a. 




Japanese, . . . 


. Nai^ iya, iye. 


*• 


K^mi, .... 


, Na-u-kd. 






t( 


Kiimi, .... 


. . JVd-o. 


Brahuf, . . . . 


, Ahd. 


1 


Mni v. Toung, . 


. Caret. 


^ 


'Gydmi, . . . . 


. PusitikyL 


^ 
^ 


Sdk, .... 


. . Caret, 


[n 


Gyirung, . . . . 


. Dimek. 




' Talain v. Mon, . 


, Ha4sen, 


h 


Tdkpa, . . . , 


. Men, 




Sgau-karen, . . 


, Tmabah, tho-mi-hah. 


Minyak, . . . . 


. Md'Zyi, 


.S 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. Mwai-ai, 


Thochii, . . . . 


. Mdngwd, mang. 


Toungh-thu, . . 


, , Ta-mwd-tu. 


^ 


Sokpa, . . . . 


. Bi-si, 


i 


Shdn, .... 


, . Ma4souk. 


^ 


Horpa, . . . . 


. Nybr. 


^N " 


Annamitic, . . 


. KhSng. 


1 


Tibetan {written), . 


Afd, mi. 


h 


Siamese, . . . 


. Mai'htsa, michi. 


g 


Tibetan (xA^//), 


. Men, 


1 


Ahom, . . . 


. Bukhewo, 






Khimti, . . . 


. Ma-tsau. 




Serpa, 


. Men. 




Laos, .... 


Bo-tsai. 




Siinw^r, . . , . 
Giirung, . . . . 
Miirmi 


. Ma-maL 
. A'ni, 
A'nin, 




Ho (Kol), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 


. Banno. 
, Bdno. 


-5 

1 


^▼XUl&XJI, • • • • 

Magar, . . . . 
Thdksya, . . . . 
Pdkhya, . . . . 
Newdr, . . . , 

T.imhii 


\ Mdlk, 
. Ai, 
. Asin. 

. Makhii, mat, ahang. 
Men, nd. 




Santili, . . . 
Bhiimij, . . . 
Urdon, . . . 
Mundala, . . . 
Rdjmahali, . . 


. Ah, bdng, hdi, bdnu, = is not. 
. Bdno. ' 
. Mdld. 
. . Bdno, 
, Malld. 


^ , 






Goncji, . . . 


. Halli, hUlL 




Kirdnti, . . . 


. Mdf^, 


•9 


Gayeti, . . . 


. . Caret, 




Rodong, . . . 


. Ai-na, 


►1 


Rutluk, . . . 


. . Caret, 




Riingchenbung, . 


. Md-dng, 


^ 


Naikude, . . . 


. . Caret. 




Chhingtingya, . 


. Mdhd. 


-is 


Kolami, . . . 


. . Caret. 


cr 


Ndchhereng, . . 


. . Md, md-d. 


C 


Mddi, .... 


. . Caret, 


1^ 


Wdling, . . . 


. . Mdin, mdang. 




Mddia, . . . 


, , Caret, 


f 


Ydkha, . . . 


, . Munna, imiinna. 




Kuri, .... 


. . Caret. 


"§ 


Chourisya, . . 


. . A'Ui. 




Keikidi, . . . 


, . Ilia. 


SS 


Kulungya, . . 


. . Md, 




Khond, . . . 


. . Caret. 


r 


Thulungya, . . 


. . MSe, 




Sdvara, . . . 


. . Yajja. 


Bihingya, . . 


. , Mdh'-d, 




Gadaba, . . . 


. . Vure. 




Lohorong, . . 


. . Caret, 




Yenikala, . . . 


, . Yilld. 


g 


Lambichhong, . 


, , Mdhd,mdie, 




Chentsu, . . . 


. . Nahi. 


1 


Bdldli, .... 


, . HS'gnane. 




' Tamil, anc, . . 


. . Caret. 




Sdng-pdng, . . 


, . Mdnd, 




Tamil, mod., . . 


. . Illei, alia. 




Diimi, .... 


. . MoS. 




Malaydlma, ana, 


, . Caret. 




Khdling, . . . 


, , Ma-an, 




Malaydlma, mod., 


, . Ilia, alia. 




Dungm^lli, . . 


. . Mdn,jk,soh\ 




Telugu,* . . . 


. . Udu. 




' Dirhi, .... 


, . Hbi-nk, 




Karndtaka, anc. 


, . Caret. 


1 


Denwdr, . . . 


, , Boy-in, 


1 


Karndtaka, mod., 


. . Ilia, alia. 


^ 


Pahri, .... 


, . Makhi. 


Tuluva, . . . 


. . Iddi. 




Chepdng, . . . 
Bhrimu, . . . 
Vdyu, .... 


, , Caret, 

. . Mamiy alik, 

. . Md, ma-nom. 


i 


Kurgi, . . . . 
Toduva,) . . 
Toda, ; . . 


. . Alia. 
, . Caret. 
. . A'. 


1 


Kuswar, . . . 
Kusunda, . . . 
Thini. . . . 


. Nd, 
, Ayewd, 
, Ndhi, 




K6ta, .... 
Badaga, . . . 
Kunimba, . . 


. . nia. 

. . Illei. 
. . Ilia. 


^ ' 






Iruia, .... 


. . nie. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 


, Mdnk, 




Malabar, . . . 


, . Alia, illei. 




Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 


. Mi-tup, men. 




Sinhalese, . . . 


. , Not. 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, 


etc] 


NE (NON)— NIGHT— NOT— NE (NYET)— NE (NON). 83 


Types. 


% fBodo, .... 


. . £>d. 


1 (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 








. Md. 
. Ld. 


1. 


Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 


. 


. . Md. 
. . Mat. 
. . Td. 


s 


Bask, . 










. Ez, 


^ 


^ Kich^, 


. 


. . Caret. 




Finnic, 










. E' (insep. particle as in en^ 




' Munipuri, . . 


. Nate. 




Magyar, 










. Sem, [eiy epa, etc.). 


1 


MfthinNdgd, . 


. Caret 


^ 


Turkish, 










. Vok. 


Tablung Ndgi, . 


. Caret. 


"1 


Circassian, 








. Shgeb, 


"^ 


Khdri Ndgd, . . 


. Td. 


r 


Georgian, 








. Ara, 


•^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 


. Caret 


Mongolian, 








UgeL 


i 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 


. Nak. 


c 


Mantshu, 








Ako. 




Nowgong N^4 


. {Tok) n' (shi). 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Aja. 


1 


Tengsa Ndgd, , . 


. (Tha) nC ithi). 




Javanese, Krama, 




. Sampun. 


5 


Abor Miri, . .. . 


. loka. 




Malay, . . . 




/dngan. 


1 


Sibsigar Miri, . . 


. Yoka. 




Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Puh-yaou. 
Pu-yaou. 


4 


Deoria Chutia, . . 
Singpho, . . . . 


. Dd. 

. Ngyphitng. 


1 


Chinese, Canton, 




'M-ho. 


1 


' Burman (written). 


. Ma Ipru) nhang. 

. Ma (pya) nhen, ma-lot- u. 


l- 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Vrh-yaU'tsu, 


Burman (spoken), 


•^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, , 




'M-fang. 


«) 


Khyeng v. Shou, , 


. Ne-i. 




Tapanese, . . 




Suruna, na. 


*• 


Kimi, 


. Nay nan. 


' 










§ 


Kiimi, 


. Caret. 


Brahuf, . 








Mat {-fay -pay infixed). 


1 


Mni v. Toung, . . 


. Caret. 


:^ 


' Gydmi, 










Fusyo. 


b 
^ 


Sdk, 


. Caret. 


g 


Gydrung, 










Met, 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


, Hlhka-Ion. 


h 


Tikpa, 










May magyd. 


.i 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


T'mabahy tho-mi-bah. 




Minyak, 










Thd. 




Pwo-karen, . . . 


Mwai-aL 




Thochil, . 










Chi. 


% 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


. Caret. 


1 

5j 


Sokpa, 










Puthi-kk. 


I. 


Shdn, 


. Ma-het-a. 


Horpa, . 










Mdy di. 


Ji 


Annaraitic, . . . 


. JDu'ng 


^ 


Tibetan (written). 






Caret. 




Siamese, . . . . 


. Mai'hiany miy yd. 


a 


Tibetan ispokm). 






Md. 


i§ 


Ahom, . , . . . 


. Buy ma. 










^ 


Khdmti, . . . . 


. Ley tak. 




Serpa, . . . 






Md. 




Laos, 


. BOy maiy yd. 


^ 


Siinwdr, 
Giirung, 

\f ilrrni 










Mo. 

Ay wachk. 

Thd. 




Ho(Kol), . . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), . 


. Kd. 

. Aha {alam ?). 


r 
1 


Magar, 
Thdksya, , 
P^hya, . 
Newir, 










Md. 
Kino. 
Na. 
Ma-te. 




Santdli, 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 




. Ahy d/o-y eto-y bdnu-. 
. Ahamy alape. 
. Ampd. 
. Al^y aha. 


Limbu, 










Ma-ne, 




Rdjmahali^ 




. Aha. 


















Gondi, 




. HUlk bard. 




' Elirdnti, 










Man. 


^' 


Gayeti, 




. Caret. 




Rodong, 










Miy nuUy dd. 


^ 


Rutluk, 




. Caret. 




Rdngchenbung, 






Man. 




Naikude, 




Caret. 




Chhingtdngya, 






Mdy thd. 


c 


Kolami, 




. Caret. 


^ 


Ndchhereng, . 






Nb. 


M£di, . 




. Caret. 


§1 


Wdling, . . 








Md-yiy mdi. 




M^dia, 




. Caret. 


^ 


Y4kha, . 








An. 




Kuri, . 




. Caret. 


"§ 


Chourdsya, 








A'ynb. 




Keikidi, 




. Caret. 


!S 


Kulungya, 








Na. 




Khond, 




. Kundmd. 


r 


Thulungya, 








MS. 




Sdvara, 




. Tiggo. 


Bdhingya, 








. Ma. 




Gadaba, 




. Ayide. 


Lohorong, 








Ef. 




Yerukala, . 




. , MdnUy Yikkara. 


Lambicbhong 


> 






Ang'y -n {ang before, n after 




Chentsu, . 




. Kdmnaiy kdmnahi. 


4 


Mldli, . . 
Sdng-p^g, 
DiSmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

Dirhi, . , 








Nd. [the word). 

Na. 

MH. 

MS. 

Mafi4o. 

ja-nu. 




Tamij, anc, . . . 
Tamij, mod., . . . 
Malaydlma, anc, . 
Malaydjma, mod., 
Telugu,' . . . 
Kanidtaka, anc, 


. Caret. 
. Vemfd. 
. Caret. 
. Vendd. 
. Vaddu. 
. . Caret. 


1 


Denwdr, 










;| 


Kamdtaka, mod,, 


. . Bida. 


Pahri, . 










Mi-re. 


►n 


Tuluva, . . . 


. . Botri. 


r 

1 


Chepdng, 
Bhrimu, 
Vdyu, . 
Kuswar, 
Kusunda, 
Thiru. . 










, Caret. 

Man. 
, Thd. 

Md-md. 
. Byd. 

Rahare. 


*' 


Kurgi, .... 
Toduva,) . . 
Toda, 1 . . 
K6ta, .... 
Baraga, . . . 
Kufumba, . . 


. Caret. 
. . Caret. 
. . Aehadi. 
. . Vhfa. 
. . Bida. 
. . Boda. 


V. f ' 












Irula, .... 


. . Vdnda. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




. Md-nan. 




Malabar, . . . 


. . Seyathei. 




Bhiit^ v. 


LI 


lop 


a, 




. Md. 




Sinhalese, 


. . . 


. . Apd. 



Digitized by 



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84 



MAINTENANT—JETZT— NOW— TEPER— NUNC. 



[chap. III.— adverbs, etc 



Types, 




^ H 
^ 


Bodo, Ddnb, 


•« (Sanskrit, . . . 
I, (Arabic, .... 

s 


Jddj iddnim^ darhi, 
. Eldn, 


Dhimdl, . 
Kocch, 
Garo, . . 






. Elang, 
. Abhi (?). 
Tayan. 




Bask, . 




Oran^ orain. 


^ 


Kichdri, . 






Caret. 




Finnic, 




. Nyt 




Munipuri, . 






. Huchik, 




Magyar, 


. 


. Most 


1 


Mlthdn Ndgd, . 




. Atha, 


^ 


Turkish, 


. 


Shimdi, 


TablungNdgd, . 




. Chdha, 


t 


Circassian, . . . 


. H^-gi- 


1 


KhdriNigd,. . 




. Hiku, 




Georgian, . . . 


. Akhla, ats. 


V 


Ang^i Nigd, . 




. Akihawe. 


Mongolian, . , . 


. Eduke, 


•^. 


Nosing Ndgd, . 




Dokko, 


Mantshu, . . . 


Te, 




Nowgong N^d, 




. Tang, 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 


. SahikL 


1 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 




Thong, 




Javanese, Krama, . 


. Sapunnika. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . 




. Supdb, 




Malay, .... 


. Sakdrang, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 




. Su, 


^ 


' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 


ChC'Shi, 
Che-shi. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 




Derereni, 
. Yd, 


JJo 


Chinese, Canton, . 


. Ni-shi. 


1 


' Burman {tvriuen). 




. Yakhu, 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


Yen-ze. 


1 


Burman (spoken), . 




. Yakhu, 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


Chit'Si, 


t^ 


Khyeng v, Shou, 




. Tu-a, 




Japanese, . . . 


Ima. 


h^ 


K4mi, .... 




Avd'i, 


" 




« 


Kiimi, . . 






Wd4-mi, 


Btahuf, .... 


Ddsd. 


1 


Mni V. Tounj 


?» • 




Caret, 


1 


PGydmi, 




Chhd-yL 


^ 


.Sdk, . . 






Caret, 


g 


Gydrung, 




Piiz-duu 




' Talain v. Mo 


n, . 




La-mod, 


h 


Tdkpa, 




Dd. 


.5* 


Sgau-karen, 






Kaikinaiy kaikane. 




Mdnyak, 




Milk. 


Pwo-karen, 






Rongniang-yu, 


\ • 


Thochd, 




Patino, 


g 


Toungh-thu, 






Ngd'khayen, 


^ 


Sokpa, . 




a to, nbtb. 


tT " 


Shin, . . 






Maybhnihn, 




Horpa, . 




Habdeu, 


Si 


Annamitic, 






Nay, 


Tibetan (writun), , . 


Dkngtshy dCy der^. 


h 


Siamese, . 






Pdrtu-niy reUy thanrchai. 


8 


Tibetan (spokm), . . . 


Thdndd. 


1 


Ahom, . . 






Ttnai, 






^ 


Khimti, . 






Tsangy ngai. 




^erpa, 


Tdngdd. 




Laos, . . 






Leng, 


<$ 


Stinwdr, . 
Gdrung, . 
Miirmi, 




rchL 

Tasso, 

Ddnde, 




rHo(Kol), 
Kol (Singhbh 


um), 




Nd. 
Na. 


1- 

1 


Mairar, 




Chamldn. 




Santili, . 






Nit, nito, nita-bade, nitoh-do. 


Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
New^, 
Limbu. 




Ghydngchye. 

Yeso, 

A'. 




Bhdmij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 






m^^), [nit-ge, 
Ndhd. 






Ala, 




Rijmahali, 






Anm, 


^ ~ / - 








Gon^i, 






Inga, 




Kirdnti, . 




Handt. 


.^ 


Gayeti, . 






Caret, 




Rodong, . 




Wbs-ara^ wospa. 


1 


Rutluk, . . 






Caret, 




Rdngchenbung, . . . 


Hangde^ hande. 




Naikude, . 






Caret, 




Chhmgtingya, . . , 


Bdgdn. 


1 


Kolami, . 






Caret, 


c- 


Ndchhereng, . . . . 


Ha, 


^ 


Midi, . . . 






Caret, 


^ 


Wiling, 


IS'ghdring. 




Midia, . . 






Caret, 


Ydkha, 


Akku, 




Kuri, . . . 






Caret, 


1 


Chourdsya, . . . 


Bokkhnsfy hokemmo. 




Keikidi, . 






Ipo, 


Kulungya, . . . . 


WadolOy wollb. 




Khon4, . 






Idddli, 


"§. ■ 


Thulungya, . . . 


Athd, 




Sivara, 






Nami, 


^ 


Bdhingya,. . . . 


Ye-khona, 




Gadaba, . 






A'. 


■§ 


Lohorong, . . . 


Ho^noky hofwk. 




Yenikala, . 






Yeppudu, 


g 


Lambichhong, . . 


Hdiik. 




Chentsu, . 






Yekhdny y echini. 


i< 


T^lj^li, 


Hogno. 




' Tamil, anc, 






Ippozhudu, 




Sdng-pdng, . . . 


OtolOy wotolo. 




Tamil, mod., 






IppodUy ippo. 




Ddmi, 


Tholo, 




Malayilma, anc, 




Caret, 




Khdling, .... 


Anagnd, 




Malayijma, mod., , 




Ippol, 




Dungmah, . . . 


Ighdri, 




Telugu, . . . 




Ippudu, 




Ddrhi, 


Ythe, 




KarQitaka, anc. 




Caret, 


I 


Denwdr, 




Akhan, 


1 


Kar^ifaka, mod., 




Fga, 


C 


Pahri, . 




Alaga, 
Card, 


►5 


Tuluva, . . . 




Itten. 


'^ 


Cheping, 




5 • 


Kurgi, . . 






IkkaU, 


^ ' 


Bhrdmu, 




Thorchu 


^ 


Toduva,) 
Toija, ; 






Itwan, 


K 


Vdyu, . 




CTm^e, 


c| 






Em. 


1 


Kuswar, 




JiSMim, 




Kdta, . . 






Innate, 


Kusunda, 




Ipwaji, 




Baraga, . 






Iga. 


Bt) 


Thiru.. 




Amaiy abhau 




Kurumba, 






Igale. 


V ' 








Inila, . . 






rpd. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


Along, 




Malabar, . 






Ippothu. 




BhiStdni v. 


Lhopa, . 


Dhdto, 




Sinhalese, . 






Ddn. 



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CHAP. III. — ADVERBS, ETC] 



DE-VON— OF— -OT — AE (-AS), -IS, etc 



85 



Types. 


% f Bodo, -ni. 




^5 (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . . 






-dSy -os,^ -dm^ (gen. case). 


1 


Dhimil, . . 
Kocch, . . 
Garo, . .' . 






-ko. 
-rOy -r. 

Ni. 




"n 


Bask, . . . 
Finnic, . . 
Magyar, . . 






-eny 'tt. 
-a. 


1 


Kdchiri, . . 

' Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Nigi, 






Caret. 

Caret. 
Caret. 






Turkish, . . 






'iUy -un. 


Tablung Ndgi, 






Caret. 




1 


Circassian, . 






Caret, 


"^ 


KhiriNdgi, . 






Caret. 




r 


Georgian, . 






'isy 'isay -as, -asi. 


•^ 


Angimi Nigi, 






Caret. 




Mongolian, . 






'L 


i 


Ndmsing Nigi, 






Caret. 




e 


Mantshu, 






-/, -ni. 


Nowgong ^Sgiy 






Caret. 






Javanese, Ngoko, 




Caret. 


^ 


Tengsa Nigd, 






Caret. 






Javanese, Krama, 




Caret. 


^ 


Abor Miri, . 






Met. 






Malay, . . . 




Caret. 


Sibsigar Miri, 






Caret. 






' Chinese, Nankin, 




Tth. 


t^ 


Deoria Chutia, 






Caret. 




^ 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Ti. 




Singpho, . . 






Na. 




i 


Chinese, Canton, 




Ke. 


"§ 


' Burman (vmitm). 






L 




Chinese, Shanghai, 




Koh. 


1 


Burman (spoktn), . 






L 




»i; 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




E. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 






Caret. 






Japanese, . . 




-no. 


h' 


Kimi, . . . 






ITn. 












« 


Kiimi, . . . 






Caret. 




Brahuf, . . 






. -ndy 'td. 


1 


MnS V. Toung, 






Caret. 




1 


' Gydmi, . . 






. Ti. 


^ 


.s^. . . . 






Caret. 




Gydrung, . . 






Caret. Urn (?). 




' Talain v. Mon, 






Mkm. 




h 


Tdkpa, . . 






KH. 


.8 


Sgau-karen, . 






Bah-khahy ah. 




i 


Mdnyak, . . 






r. 


Pwo-karen, . 






Ler. 




Thochii, . . 






K. . 


g 


Toungh-thu, . 






A. 




1 


Sokpa, . . . 






Na^ne. 


1 


Shin, . . . 






Caret. 






Horpa, . . 






I. DangQ). 




Annamitic, . 






Caret. 




Tibetan (wrUtm), 






J^yii giy hi, yi. 


h 


Siamese, . . 






Thi. 




s 


Tibetan {spok^). 






Gi. 


•1 


Ahom, . . . 






Caret. 












Co 


KMmti, . . 






Caret. 






Serpa, . . . 






Tt. 




Laos, . . . 






Caret. 




1 


Siinwir, . . 
Gdrung, . . 
Mtirmi- 






Kwky kyL 

Y^y id, bb. 

Ld. 




' Ho (Kol), . 
Kol (Singhbhum 


\ 




-d. 
-riniA. 




1 
1 


**^*** **<<• • • 

Magar, . . 
Thiksya, . . 
P^hya, . . 
New^, . . 
Limbu, . . 

^Kirdnti, . . 
Rodong, . . 
Riingchenbung, 






Yby wb. 
Chdye. 
Ko. 
Yd. 
Ley in. 

Wb. 

Miy mo. 
Caret. 


1 


Santdli, . . 
Bhiimij, . . 
Urdon, . . 
Mundala, . . 
Rdjmahali, . 
Gondi, . . . 
Gayeti, . . 
Rutluk, . . 
Naikude, . . 






-rinihy -renkin, ■ 

-red. 

Ye. 

Ki. 

By affix. 

Ordy bard. 

Caret. 
. Caret. 
. Caret. 


renko. 




Chhingtingya, 






0. 


Kolami, . . 






Caret. 




*? 


Ndchhereng, . 






Mi. 


^ 


Midi, . . . 






Caret. 




C' 


Wiling, . . 






0. 


>j 


Midia,. . . 






Caret. 




^ 


Yikha, . . 






^>g^' 




Kuri, . . . 






Caret. 




1 


Chourisya, . 






Lenta. 




Keikddi, . . 






Caret. 




Kulungya, . 






Mi. 




Khon<J, . . 






Caret. 




t* 


Thulungya, . 






Kant. 




Sivara, . . 






Ti. 




^ 


Bihingya, . . 






Kky kenty dim. 




Gadaba, . . 






Mbyi. 






Lohorong, 






Mi. 




Yerukala, . . 






Vakka. 




I-Ambichhong, 






/, khdy imy gndy ka. 




Chentsu, . . 






Vbr. 




1 


Bdldli, . . . 
Sing-pdng, . 






'My mi i-m ?). 
Mi. 




' Tamil, anc, . 
Tamil, mod, . 






-adu. 
-iKfeiya. 






Diimi, . . . 






Pb. 




Malaydlma, anc, 




Caret. 






Khdling, . . 






Pb. 




Malaydjma, mod., 




-tife. 






Dungmali, . 






Biy um. 




Telugu, . . . 




-yokka. 






r Dirhi, . . . 






Ko. 




Karndfaka, anc., 




Caret. 




I 


"7 • 
Denwdr, . . 






Tky dk. 


1 


Karndtaka, mod. 




-nay -da. 




^ 


Pahri, . . . 






Yd. ydru. 


s 


Tuluva, . . 






-nOy -du. 




'^ 


Chepdng, . . 








i' 


Kurgi, . . . 






-4a, -an4u. 




j| . 


Bhrdmu, . . 






Ki. 


Toduva, > 
Toda, 1 . 






Caret. 




{i; 


Vdyu, . . . 






Mu, mo, mi. 


4 






-na. 




1 


Kuswar, . . 






No, kara. 




K<5ta, . . . 






-na. 




Kusunda, . . 






Nataigin. 




Baraga, . . 






-ya, na. 




«^ 


ThdriL. . . 






Keha. 




Kufumba, 






-ya, -na. 


% 


' 








Inila, . . . 






-no. 




Lepcha (Sikkim), 




Sa. 




Malabar, . . 






-in, -iukya. -thu. 






Bhiitani v. Lhop 


a, 




Gi,yt. 




Sinhalese, . . 






■i,-gi. 





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86 



SUR—AUF— ON— NA— SUPER. 



[chap. III.— adverbs, etc 



^ ^/^. 




\ 

^ 


^Bodo, .... 


. -hdy aUy chou. 


1 (Sanskrit, . . 
|, (Arabic, . . . 


. . -/, -os^ 'Su^ (loc. case). 
. . Aa/a. 


Dhimil, . . . 
Kocch, . . . 
Garo, .... 


. -rhutd. 
. . 4e. 
. Pirvai. 


•n 


Bask, .... 


. . GatUan, ganeray gaindi. 


^ 


Kichdri, . . . 


. . Caret. 




Finnic, . . . 


. . Fadlld. 




' Munipuri, . . 


. . Tkuk. 




Magyar, . . . 


. . Ra, 


"^' 


Mfth^Ndgd, . 


. . Caret. 


^ 


Turkish, . . . 


. . Uzere, 


1 


Tablung Ndgd, . 


. . Caret. 


! 


Circassian, . . 


. . Caret. 


■^ 


Khdri Ndgd, . . 


. . Tamuge. 


Georgian, . . 


. . Isa, 


■^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 


. . Caret. 


Mongolian, . . 


. . DegJwra. 


.| 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 


. . Akhbnang. 


Mantshu, . . 


. . Derghi, 


Nowgong N^d, 


. . Talak. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 


. . Ing, 


1 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


. . Tathak. 




Javanese, Krama, 


. . If^. 


1 


Abor Miri, 


. . Telhsb. 




Malay, . . . 


. . Didtas. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 


, . Talulo. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 


. . Skang. 
. . Shang, 


1^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 


. . Pichoni. 
. . Lethd. 


•^. 


Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 


. . Sheong. 
, . Lah-long, 


1 


' Burman (written), 
Burman {spoken), . 


. Pomhd. 
. . Bomha^ apau. 


»5 


Amoy, Colloquial, 


. . Tu 


•^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. . Hd-nang. 




Japanese, . . 


. . Uymiy 'Uyty -«/. 


h- 


Kdmi, .... 


. . A-koung-be. 






s: 


Kiimi, .... 


. Caret. 


Brahuf, . . . 


. . Swdry -at. 


I 


Mni v. Toung, . 


. Caret. 


s 


'Gydmi, . . . 


. . La. 


^ 


Sdk, .... 


. Caret. 


Gydrung; . . . 


. . S,prL 




' Talain v. Mon, . 


. Atu. 


4) 


Tdkpa, . . . 


. . Nd. 


g 


Sgau-karen, . . 


. A'pau 'ko. 




Mdnyak, . . . 


. . Kh^, choh. 




Pwo-karen, . . 


. A'paingu. 


1 ' 


Thochd, . . . 


. Kuku, tik, ti. 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. Long. 


2* 


Sokpa, . . . . 


. . TkUy tu. 




Shdn, . . . . . 


. Ka-nouk. 


Horpa, . . . 


. Nd, no, cbd. 


Annamitic, . . , 


. Trhi. 


1 


Tibetan {writtm\ 


. Nd, la. 


Siamese, . . . . 


. Khan-motiy bbn. 


d 


Tibetan {spoken\ . 


. Ld. 


% 


Ahom, 


. Nu. 






^ 


Khdrati, . . . . 


. Nau. 




Serpa, .... 


. Ld. 




Laos, 


. Nu. 


1 


Silnwdr, . . . 
Giirung, . . . 
M^iirmi 


. Mi. 

. Ri. 

Ri. 




^Ho(Kol), . . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), . 


. -re. 

, -re, chitdn. 


XVXUAllJX. ... a 

Magar, . . . . 
Thdksya, . . . . 
Pdkhya, . . . . 
Newdr 


. Ydng, ang. 
. Caret. 

Card. 

E ti 




Santili, . . . . 
Bhiimij, . . . . 
Urdon, . . . . 
Mundala, . . . . 


Chctariy -re, -tdldre. 
. .r.(?). 
. U'id. 
. 4e Q)y upar {?). 


Limbu, . . . . 


Mo, khep-moy Hthung-tho. 




Rdjmahali, . . . 
Gondi, . . . . 


. By ajixy-re {?). 
. Imitte. 




^Kirdnti, . . . . 


. Dd. 


.Q 


Gayeti, . . . . 


. Caret, 




Rodong, . . . , 


. Cho-top. 


1 


Rutluk, , . . . 


. Caret. 




Riingchenbung, . , 


ChokdOy dungda. 


1 


Naikude, . . . . 


. Caret. 




Chhingtdngya, . . 


. Caret. 


Kolami, . . . . 


. Caret. 


f 


Ndchhereng, . . . 


. Caret. 


Mddi, 


. Caret. 


1 


Wdling, . . . . 


. Caret. 




Mddia, . . . , 


. Caret. 


Ydkha, . . . . 


. Caret. 




Kuri, 


. Caret. 


1 


Chourdsya, . . 


. Caret. 




Keikddi, . . . . 


. Caret. 


Kuliingya, . . . 


. Caret. 




Khon^, . . . 


. Shtdb. 


"gi- 


Thulungya, . . , 


. Caret. 




Sdvara, . . . . 


. Lanka. 


^ 


Bdhingya, . . . . 


. Tbre, taure. 




Gadaba, . . . . 


. Te. 


"g 


Lohorong, . . . 


Wetta, songpiy sokbe. 




Yerukala,. . . . 


. Paint. 


1 


Lambichhong, . 


. Temdu. 




Chentsu, . . . . 


VuparbrUy vuparot. 


^ 


BildH, .... 


. Chdpittu. 




' Tamil, anc, . . , 


. Caret. 




Sdng-pdng, . . 


. Chhopi. 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


. -m^. 




Diimi, .... 


. . Cho-tUy tyUy teyo. 




Malaydlma, anc, 


. Caret. 




Khdling, . . . 


. . 71. 




Malaydima, mod., . 


. -mHy -mkle. 




Dungmdli, . . 


Chokpiy chokyd. 




Telugu,* . . . . 


. -miday -paina. 




'Dirhi, .... 


. . Her, upare. 




Karndtaka, anc, 


. Caret. 


1 


Denwdr, . . . 


. Ifty Upare. 


1 


Kar^djaka, mod., . 


. -mkle. 


Pahri, .... 


. . Gar-hi-ne. 


Tuluva, . . . . 


-mittu. 


'^ 


Chepdng, . . . 
Bhrimu, . . . 


. Hdng. 

. Thd-chiy gdi. 


. J' 


Kurgi, 

Toduva,) . . , 
Toda, ; . . . 

Kdta, 

Badaga, . . . . 
Kurumba, . . . 


. -mkle. 
. Caret. 


1 


Vdyu, .... 
Kuswar, . . . 
Kusunda, . . . 
Th^ru 


. Bky uane. 
. Kana, -te, -e. 
. Caret. 
. Caret. 


^ 


. -meiy -mok. 

-melte. 
. -mele. 
. -mele. 








Irula, 


. -mete. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


. Kdyplbng. 




Malabar, . . . , 


. -mely -pkril. 




Bhiitini v. Lhopa, . 


. Nd. 




Sinhalese, . . . 


. -pita. 



Digitized by 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC] 



OU— ODER-OR— ILI— AUT. 



87 



Types, 



% 


(Sanskrit, 




. . Fd. 


\ "^Arabic, . 




. . Aou. 


*N 


Bask, . . 




. . £d0. 




Finnic, . 




. . Tahi, taikka. 




Magyar, . 




■ ■ Vagy. 


^ 


Turkish, . 




. . Yoksa. 




Circassian, 




. . Caret. 


^ , 

:« ' 


Georgian, 




. . Amu. 


i 


Mongolian, 




. Esepsu. 


a 


Mantshu, 




. Ememu. 


NJ 


Javanese, Ngoko, 


Utawa. 




Javanese, Krama, 


Utawi. 




Malay, . . , 


. Atdu. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 


. Hwoh-ctu. 




Chinese, Pekin, . 


. Uwo-che. 


> 


Chinese, Canton, . 


. Wak<he. 


1' 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


, . Ohs^. 


>^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


. A'. 




Japanese, 




. Matawa, ya. 


Brahuf, . 




. Yd. 


^" 


' Gydmi, , 




. TMtig. 




Gydrung, . 




. Kb, wbvi. 


h 


Tdkpa, . 




. Na, ind. 


Kj 

K 


Mdnyak, . , 




. U. 


•5 , 


Thochii, . 




. Gnbd. 


Sokpa, . . 




. Caret. 


Horpa, . . 




. Nd. 


1 


Tibetan {writien), . 


. Caret. 


a 


Tibetan {spoken), . . 


. Mo. 




^Serpa, 


. Nam, inam. 


<5- 


Sdnwir, . 




. Di. 


^ 


Giirung, . . 




. Bant, gi. 


Miirmi, . . 




. Wd. 


r 


Magar, . . 




. Ki. 


Thdksya, . , 




. Howochuchhydng. 


1 


Pdkhya, . . 




. Caret. 


Newir, . . 




. Ld. 




Limbu, . . 




. Bi. 




' Kirdnti, . . 




. m. 




Rodong, . . 




. Wb. 




Riingchenbung, . . 


. m. 




Chhingtdngya, . . 


. Ydng. 


t 


Ndchhereng, . . . 


. U. 


Wdling, . . 




. Hi. 


5^ 


Ydkha, . , 




. E. 


1 


Chonrdsya, . 




. Ki. 


^ 


Kulungya, . 




. Yo. 


1* 
6 


Thulungya, . 




. Di. 


Bilhingya, 




. Ki. 


Lohorong, 




. Di, do (f). 


§ 


Lambichhong 


> 


. A'Q). 


^ 


Bildli, . . , 




. Caret. 


Sing-pdng, . 




. n{}). 




Diimi, . . , 




. Yi. 




Khdling, . , 




. Yi. 




DungmHi, . 




. Hi. 


**^ 


Ddrhi, . . . 




. 71. 


i 


Denwdr, . . 




Ldne, ni. 


^ 


Pahri, . . . 




. Ki, Id. 


V 


Chepdng, . . 




Caret. 


1- 


Bhrdmu, . , 




. Ke. 


j^ 


Vdyu, . . 




. Ki. 


1 


Kuswar, . 




. Na. 


Kusunda, . 




. Caret. 


•^ 


Thdru, . . 




. Ihe. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


Ydt^, eit. 




Bhu0ni v. Lt 


lopa, . 


Ydng, mo. 









I 












i 



a 






Bodo, . 










. m. 


Dhiradl, 










. Nd, 


Kocch, 










. Ki. 


Garo, . 










. Nd, 


Kdchiri, 










Caret. 


'. Munipuri, 








Caret. 


Mfthdn Ndgd, 






Caret. 


Tablung Ndgd, 






Caret, 


Khiri Ndgd, . 






Caret. 


Angdmi Ndgd, 






Caret. 


Ndmsdng Ndgi, 




Caret, 


Nowgong N^d, 




Caret, 


Tengsa Ndgi, , 




Caret. 


Abor Miri, . 






Caret. 


Sibsdgar Miri, 






Caret. 


Deoria Chutia, 






Caret. 


Singpho, . . 






Caret, 


' Burman {written). 






Sbmahiit. 


Burman {spoken), 






i:\i6mah6k. 


Khyeng v. Shou 






Caret. 


Kdmi, . . . 






Caret. 


Kiimi, . . . 






Caret. 


Mni V. Toung, 






Caret, 


Sdk, . . . 






Caret. 


' Talain v. Mon, 






H0'to4seik-ko. 


Sgau-karen, . 






Magha^ md4'fnd. 


Pwo-karen, . 






A'Lmuaibah. 


Toungh-thu, . 






Caret. 


Shdn, . . . 






TsO'Tieik-ma-tsouk. 


Annamitic, . 






Hay-Id, 


Siamese, . . 






Mai-pen-yau. 


Ahom, . . . 






Caret. 


Khdrati, . . 






Caret. 


Laos, . . . 






Caret. 


'Ho(Kol), . 






Bandreto. 


Kol (Singhbhum 


). • 




Nado, 


Santdli, . . 






Se, 


Bhiimij, . 








Se. 


Ui4on, 








rs. 


Mundala, . 








Ani, 


Rijmahali, 








Male. 


Gondi, 








Idarh. 


Gayeti, 








Caret, 


Rutluk, 








Caret. 


Naikude, 








Caret. 


Kolami, 








Caret. 


Midi, . 








Caret. 


Mddia, 








Caret. 


Kuri, . 








Caret. 


Keikddi, 








Caret. 


Khond, 








Caret. 


Sdvara, 








Caret. 


Gadaba, . 








V^re. 


Yerukala, 








Taradote. 


Chentsu, . 








Nahu 


' Tamil, anc. 


» • 






Caret, 


Tamil, mod., . 






Alladu. 


Malaydlma, anc, 






Caret. 


Malaydima, mod. 


» • 




Engkil^ adailay ailengkil. 


Telugu, . . 






Uka. 


Karnitaka, anc, 






Caret. 


Karndtaka, mod., 






A' darn, illavi. 


Tuluva, . . 






Andala. 


Kurgi, . . . 








Allertgi. 


To<luva,) . 
Toda, ; 








Caret. 








made. 


Kdta, . . 








Illave. 


Badaga, . 








Illave, iUadhble, 


Kurumba, 








Jnnadhole, 


Iruia, . . 








lilavitta. 


Malabar, . . 








Allathu, 


Sinhalese, 










Nohot, 



Digitized by 



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88 



DEHORS— AUSZEN-O U TS I DE-VN YE— EXTRA. 



[chap. III.— adverbs, etc 



Types. 

-g ^Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



1 



I 
I 



I 
I 



I 









-5 
11 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, . 

Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
MdnyaJc, . 
ThochiS, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan \spokm\ 

Serpa, . . 

Siinwdr, 

Gdning, 

Mdrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, . 

Pdkhya, . 

Newir, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Rilngchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wiling, . 

Yikha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

BdldU, . . 

Sing-pdng, 

Dilmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmili, 

D^hi, . . 
Denwdr, 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 



Bahis. 
Birra, 

Kampoan^ latuian, Ukora. 

Ulkoinm, 

Ku 

Dicheru. 

Caret, 

Galu 

Ghadana, 

Toulergi. 

Ingjaba, 

Ittgjawu 

Diluar, 

Wat. 
Wau 
Ngoi, 
Ngd-dew, 
Godrbin. 
SotOy s<htoni. 

Peshan, 

Wai-thH, 

Wonpo, 
Phii-ka, 
Nwd, 
Khanyis. 
Gdchd. 
Pheu-so, 
Phyiy rohna, 
Chi. 

Ydng. 

Bdhir. 

Hu'jkri. 

Mang'gy'er. 

Bdhar. 

Phelori. 

Bdhira. 

Pirn. 

Bdhar. 

Udung-yd. 

Biing-ya. 

Ubungya, udungya, huviya. 

Bdhari. 

Pdkhd. 

HibUy bungkhdya. 

Caret. 

Bhdndy twala. 

Hochho, pbtily hachhbpa. 

CMptiba. 

Atola. 

Song-bty Ung'phti. 

A'yb. 

PdkhayH. 

Amkonpb. 

Ghobaiy ghoyo. 

Pdtel. 

KuHi-yd. 

Bdhir. 

Bdhir. 

Pen-hd. 

Caret. 

Am-bu. 

Tongmay lok. 

Bdhir. 

Bang-jo. 

Bahera. 

Pbng 
Phi. 



% 



•3 



Bodo, . 
Dhimil, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthin Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgi, 
Tengsa Ndg^ 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 
Burman (writtm), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou. 
Kimi, . 
KiSmi, . 
MnS V. Toung, 
Sik, . 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annainitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 



Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhi 

Santdli, 

BhiSmij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rdjmahali, 

Gondi, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Midi, . 

Midia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikddi, 

Kho^d, 

Sivara, 

Gadaba, 

Yenikala, 

Chentsu, 



um 



I 



' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod 
Telugu,* . . 
Kamitaka, anc, 
Kanji^aka, mod., 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
To<la, ; 
K6ta, . . 
Baraga, . 
Kunimba, 
Iruja, . . 
Mdabar, . 
Sinhalese, 



Bdhirou. 

Bdhiro. 

Bdhir. 

Bdhir-vai. 

Shotla. 

Mapdl. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Takigu. 

Kite. 

Vdkdnang. 

Tamd. 

Ma. 

Lulo. 

RoTigongplo. 

Bajuni. 

Caret. 

Prangmha. 

Pyen-mhd. 

Kldng-dr-me. 

A-kham-be. 

A-ngdm. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Ma-ngd. 

A'klory ler-ko. 

Ler-kaung. 

Ta-Htanu. 

Ka-nouk. 

Ngoai. 

Khan-nouky thi-mk. 

Bi. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Rdchdre. 

Utiung-rey rdchdte. 

Rdchdrt{rdchdter). 

Bdhari. 

Bdhari. 

Dwdrh 

BahrOy bahiro mandar. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Beiiu. 

Caret. 

V(h4lte. 

Vd/umiisd. 

Be/e. 

Bahar. 

Caret. 

Veliyiiy veliyky tavira. 
Caret. 

PuranUy puratta. 
Bayifa, beifay vind. 
Caret. 
Horage. 
Pedi. 
Porame. 
Parmutak. 
Pormud. 
Porenje. 
Horasu. 
Honage. 
Valli. 

Veliyey purdmbkr. 
Pifata, bahir. 



Digitized by 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC] 



AINSI— SO— SO— TAK— ITA. 



89 



^ Types, 


1 (Sanskrit, .... Taihd, 


'I (Arabic, . 








Hdkaza, 


s 


Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 








Ala, onda, alan, onia, ain. 
Nun. 

Ugy. 


&> 


Turkish, . 








Beuileh, 


1 


Circassian, 








Arahrey, 


r 


Georgian, 








Ats. 


Mongolian, 








Dayin, 


a 


Mantshu, 








Tuttu. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Mangkana. 




Javanese, Krama, 




Mangkatm. 




Malay, . . . 




Bagttu. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 




Ye-che-yang, 


^ 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Ye-che-yang, 


.^ 


Chinese, Canton, 




Yau-kom-yeong. 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Seh-kah-nang. 


'^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




A'n-ni, dn-hiun. 




Japanese, 








Sayonu 


Brahuf, . 








Ilandunos. 


:§ 


' Gydmi, 








Ld-mentL 


g 


Gydrung, . 








Caret 


h 


Tdkpa, . 








Dantarafig. 


i 


Mdnyak, . 








Thuzyo, 


Thochd, . 








Stdkd. 


1 


Sokpa, . . 








YenichifL 




Horpa, 








Nyu, 


.5 


Tibetan {Tvritteti), 






Dtesug, 


s 


Tibetan (spoken), 
Serpa, . . . 






Thendd. 
Phdnde. 


1 


Siinwdr, . 
Gdrung, . 








Modiv, 
Huchiiga-liyon, 


■s 


Miirmi, 








Waspa, 


|- 


Magar, 








Addng-cha, 


Thdksya, . 








Khapribd khaju. 


l 


Pdkhya, . 








Caret 


1^ 


New^, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 








Athing, 
K/iem-phd'dong-ba. 

Khoin-suko. 

Kyaskwa, kyasokwa (?). 




Rdngchenbung, 






Kho'insa (?). 




Chhingtingya, 






Hungkhyakkha, 


•v* 


Ndchhereng, . 






Khdngtokgnd, 


1- 


Wdling, . 








Mugnek, 


C 


Y^ha, . 








Ikhbkha, 


1 


Chourdsya, 








Imsimegnd. 


^ 


Kulungya, 








Khuntukwa, 


f 


Thulungya, 








Mehomka, mihopmd, ohopma. 


Bdhingya, . 








MekJw, 


'1 


Lohorong, 








Mado-knok, 


Lambichhong 


> 






Naite, 


1 


Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-p^g, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 








Caret 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret. 
Caret, 


1 


' Ddrhi, . . 








Wo-sai, 


Denwdr, . 








Td-nhe, 


^ 


Pahri, . . 








Here, 




Chepdng, . 








Caret 


Bhrdmu, . 








ITchi. 


Vdyu, . . 








Me-md, 


5 


Kuswar, . 








Hd-stge, 


1 


Kusunda, . 








Ndpawai, 


«q 


^Thdru,. . 








Wunaisan. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




Ohm, 




Bhufini v. Lh 


lop 


a, 




ate. 



% fBodo, 


. U'rin, 


1 


Dhimdl, 


• . . . 


Kodong. 


cq , 


Kocch, 


. . 


Tenwn, 


^ 


Garo, . 


. 


. ITgdnda, 


i^* 


^ Kdchdri, 




Caret, 




Munipuri, . . . 


Asundouna. 


} 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 


Caret, 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


Caret 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Itango, 


>. 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Tsawe, 


■1. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


A'rarang. 


1 


Nowgong Nzigi, . . 


Anyakang. 


■^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . . 


Anyakong. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . . . 


DepUy au. 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . . 


Sempidang, 


t^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . . 


Lakireni, 




Singpho, 


Ndaisat, 


1 


' Burman (written), , . 


Loy so. 


g 


Burman (spoken), . . 


Loy tho. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . , 


Card. 


h- 


Kcimi, 


Ka, 


s 


Kdrai, 


Caret, 


•5 


Mni v. Toung, . . 


Caret, 




LSik. 


Caret, 




Talain v. Mon, . . 


Nyoung-tseik-kau, 


.S 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


De4y de-ne. 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. Bayi, 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


Nay-yo, 


h 


Shdn, ..... 


Tso-neik-youk. 


Annamitic, . . . 


, Vdy, 


Siamese, .... 


Ram-ni, 


1 


Ahom, 


Caret, 


«o 


Khdmti, .... 


. Ce, 




Laos, 


Caret 




Ho(Kol), . . . 


. Enleka, 




Kol (Singhbhum), . 


. rnlikate. 




Santdli, .... 


. Nangkd, onakd, nundh, 




Bhiimij, 




. Nangkd, [onakdge. 




Urdon, 




. Ye/i, 




Mundala, 




. Se, 




Rdjmahali 




, Indeki, 




Goncji, . 




. Arobara, 


.3 


Gayeti, 




Caret, 


1 


Rutluk, 




. Caret, 


S , 


Naikude, 




, Caret 


C 


Kolami, 




, Caret. 


Mddi, . 




Caret. 


Mddia, . 




Caret. 




Kuri, . 




Caret. 




Keikddi, 




, Caret. 




Khond, 




. Caret. 




Sdvara, 




Kanindsan. 




Gadaba, 




Vottu. 




Yerukala, 




Ate. 




Chentsu, . 




Fu, vumane. 




' Tamil, anc, , . . 


Caret, 




Tamil, mod, . . . 


Appa4i^ 




Malaydlma, anc, . 


Caret, 




Malaydima, mod., . 


Angngine, 




Telugu, .... 


. At/a, 




Karpdtaka, anc, 


Caret, 


.§ 


Karndtaka, mod., . 


. Hdge, 


1 


Tuluva, .... 


Do, 


? " 


Kurgi, 


Annane, 


1 


Toduva,) . . . 
To^a, ; . . . 


Caret, 


cl 


Ingei, 


to 


K6ta, 


Ate, 




Baraga, .... 


Hinge, 




Kurumba, . . . 


Hage. 




Iruia, 


Ipa4i, 




Malabar, .... 


Appa4ie, avoannam. 




Sinhalese, 




, Mese, 



M 



Digitized by 



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90 



ALORS— DANN— TH EN— TOGDA— TUNC. 



[chap. hi. — ADVERBS, ETC. 






Types, 

J Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



Todd, taddnlm, tarhu 
HinS izm. 



Bask, Orduan, 

Finnic, Sitte, 

Magyar, Akhor. 

Turkish, [By circumlocution.] 

Circassian, .... [Id.] 

Georgian, .... Misha, 

Mongolian, .... Detsighe, 

Mantshu, .... Utkhai, 

Javanese, Ngoko, . . NuIL 

Javanese, Krama, . . Nunten, 

Malay, TcUkdla-ltii. 






•I 



g 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 



Na-shi, 

Na-shi, 

K(hshi, 

Na-koh-sz-en, 

Hit-si, 

Sonotokiy anotoki. 



I 



I 



I 



I 



I 



Brahuf, 0-wakt, 

Gydmi, Ld-khun, 

Gydrung, Tts-dui, 

Tdkpa, Tene. 

M^yak, Thik. 

Thochd, Stdka.hatus, 

Sokpa, Caret, 

Horpa, Tdbdeu. 

Tibetan (writun), . . De4'se, 

Tibetan (spoken), . . . Thi-dwi. 

Serpa, Tdmd, 

Siinwdr, Mend, 

GiSrung, Chokdene, 

MiSrmi, Jdmd. 

Magar, Arnan, 

Thdksya, Khc^hdngchye, 

Pdkhya, Caret, 

Newdr, Wala, 

Limbu, Khenuphale, 

Kirdnti, Khwomlo, 

Rodong, KhonglOy tespa, 

Rilngchenbung, . . . Khomlo^ khollo, 

Chhingtingya, . . . ITilhe, 

Ndchhereng, .... Khontalo, 

Wiling, H^of^, 

Ydkha, Ikhoning, 

Chourdsya, .... Ingyelo, 

Kulungya, .... Khodolo, 

Thulungya, .... Mehomlo, 

Bdhingya, .... Mekhona, 

Lohorong, .... Moklona^ watwk, 

Lambichhong, . . . U'ndena, 

BdUli, Mudokio, 

Sing-ping, .... KhotolOj kholo, 

Diimi, Melo, 

Khiling, Mebelo, 

Dungmili, .... Ughdri, 

Dirhi, Wohe, 

Denwir, Takhen, 

Pahri, Welhe, 

Cheping, Caret, 

Bhrimu, Wddhe, 

Viyu, Medhe, 

Kuswar, AdUien, 

Kusunda, Nhu, 

Thini, Nabhai.thabhai, 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 



Othd, 

Ode, odi-gdng. 



^ 



^ 

■% 



.8 



I 



I 



Bodo, Obeld, 


Dhimil, . . 






. Koid, 


Kocch, . . 






Te, te-khong. 


Garo, . . . 






, Te^eng, 


Kichiri, . . 






, Caret. 


' Munipuri, 






. Asai, 


Mfthin Ndgi, 






, Caret, 


Tablung Nigi, 






. Caret, 


Khiri Nigi, . 






. Jiku, 


Angdmi Ndgi, 






. IMitiha, 


Nirasing Nigd, 






. Caret, 


Nowgong Nigi, 






Tas-au, 


Tengsa Ndgi, 






Kab-dng, 


Abor Miri, . 






, Caret. 


Sibsigar Miri, 






Kojo, 


Deoria Chutia, 






Deremai, 


Singpho, . . 






Caret, 


Burman (writiai). 






TTuhakhd, 


Burman {spoken), 






. Tho-akhd, 


Khyeng v. Shou 






, Ni-kh<Hi, 


Kiroiy . . . 






, Ho-nd-i-gdn, 


Kiimi, . . . 






, Caret. 


Mni V. Toung, 






, Caret, 


Sik, . . . 






, Caret, 


' Talain v. Mon, 






. Akha. 


Sgau-karen, . 






Tu'nuts^u, 


Pwo-karen, . 






Taungnaut'pung. 


Toungh-thu, . 






Moung-ma. 


Shin, ... 






Chyain-huigh, 


Annamitic, . 






, Thi. 


Siamese, . . 






, Hpada, mua. 


Ahom, . . . 






Tamnai. 


Khimti, . . 






Caret, 


Laos, . . . 






Caret, 


Ho(Kol), . 






, Emindrk. 


Kol (Singhbhum 


0, 




. En, 


Santili, . . 






Unare, un-khona, endng, 


Bhilmij, . . 






En (?). \inakhdnage. 


Urion, . . 






, Pis-d, 


Mundala, . . 






, Fnam, 


Rijmahali, . 






. Ani, 


Gondi, . . 






Anm, ada. 


Gayeti, . . 






Caret, 


Rutluk, . . 






Caret, 


Naikude, . . 






Caret, 


Kolami, . . 






Caret. 


Midi, . . . 






Caret, 


Midia, . . 






Caret, 


Kuri, . . . 






Caret. 


Keikidi, . . 






Apo, 


KhontJ, . . 






Caret, 


Sivara, . . 






Nambde, 


Gadaba, . . 






Appudu, 


Yerukala, . . 






Appudu, 


Chentsu, . . 






Tekhdn, ar^hodi. 


' Tamil, anc> • 






Appozhudu {appofadu). 


Tamil, mod., . 






Appodu, appo. 


Malayilma, anc, 




Caret, 


Malayilma, mod., 




Appol {appozh). 


Telugu,' .... 




Appudu, 


Karaitaka, anc. 




Caret, 


Kan^itaka, mod., . 




A'ga, andu. 


Tuluva, .... 




Apal (apazh). 


Kurgi, .... 






Anda, akka. 


Toduva, I , . 
Toda, f . . 






Ativan, 






Ani. 


K6ta, .... 






Annale, 


Badaga, . . . 






Aga, 


Kufumba, . . 






Agale, 


Irula, .... 






Apale (apazhi). 


Malabar, . . . 






Appothu. 


Sinhalese, . . . 






Ewita, 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC.] 



LA— DA— T H E RE— TAM— ILLI C 



91 



Types. 



1 



ti; 



I 



"^ 



•« (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian. 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 



I 



Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghaij 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Minyak, 
ThochiS, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {vmtten), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

SiSnwir, 

GiSrung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
RiSngchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wiling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bihingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmili, 

Ddrhi, . 
Denwdr, 
Pahri, . 
Chepdng, 
Bhi4rau, 
Vdyu, . 
Kuswar, 
Kusunda, 
^ Thdru, . 

Lepcha (Sikkira), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



Tatra, amutra, 
Hondk^ hondiek. 

An, or, har, ara, arrat, 

Stella, 

Ott, 

Orda, 

Medehshey (?). 

Ik, 

Tende, 

Tubade, 

Kono, 

Ngrika, 

Disitu, 

JSIa-li, 
Na-ii, 
K(h€h!u, 
Ku4eh, 
Hi4au, ti-hia, 
Asoko, as-koni. 

Ode, 

Ld'tnk, 

Had^, 

Wo-tho, 

Thungd'Pu, kwonait, 

Hdto, 

YdM, 

OMu, 

Hena, 

Hdcho, 

Churu, 
Yerk, 
Kyiiri, 
Kersyk, 
Alak, 

KhatdikhanH, 
U'ta, 
Ukk. 
Na, 

Miydn^, 

Tukhe, tuku. 

Euhyana, eudhako, moda, 

Yotni, \miyanung, 

Miksa, miyaya, 

Muydk, modo, moya, 

YoruZy yokhyd, 

Bhanala, bhdna, gnbna, 

Meksa, nakwdpdy ndya, 

HdnOy hanapna, 

Nekare, meke, hare, 

Miy^y mobe, hdkiyu, 

Yo, 

Mobiy moyu, 

Meniy mopyd, 

YdkdmH, 

Yakdmbi. 

Hdyeydy nvlihydk, 

ITchi, 
W(hH, 
Hbfig-tha, 
Caret, 
ffH-di, 

Mi-ne, wa4he, 
LT^hi-na, 
Isdga, 
Uhara, 

Pily woba, 
Phd4e, 



I 






^ 



4 



I 



I: 



.8 



8 



I 



I 






Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthin Nigd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri N^d, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 



Burman (wriuen\ 
Burman {spokm\ 
Khyeng v. ShoUj 
Kimi, . . 
Kiimi, . . 
MnS v. Toung, 
Sdk, . . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahona, . . 
Khimti, . 
Laos, . . 



Ho (Kol), 

Kol {Singhbhi 

Santdli, 

BhiSmij, 

Ui4on, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali 

Gondi, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Midi, . 

Mddia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikidi, 

Kho9^, 

Sdvara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 



um 



Tamij, anc, 
Tamil, mod, 
Malaydlma, anc 
Malaydlma, mod. 
Telugu,' . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Kar^d^^a, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
To^uva, ) 
To(Ja, ; 
K<5ta, . . 
Baraga, . 
Kuniroba, 
Iruia, . . 
Mdabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



)> 



Hobo, 

IPsho, 

Tahdn, 

Wdng{tdngT), 

Caret, 

Asomda. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Wadengu oju. 

Lithe, 

Dinang, 

Aunchi. 

Otiga. 

Caret, 

Ulo, 

Hobong, 

Tode, 

Homhd, 

Homhd, 

Tm^, 

Hd-bhe. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Kha-norko, 

'Paina, 

Taung'fiau, 

Ea-h su, 

Ka-po, 

Db, 

Hainan^ thi-nau, 

Tet, 

Hanpun, 

Caret, 

Endrk, 

Entai, 

Hdfufej hdndre, entege, ante. 

Eta thdi, 

Hdhd, 

Unthi, 

A no, 

Hukkai, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Akada, 

Caret, 

VodUe, 

Tonno, 

A(ukirey ange. 

Unhandy vuha, 

Avan, 

AngUy ange. 

Caret, 

Avite, 

Akka4a, 

Caret, 

Alii, 

Anchi, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Aty ang, 

Abie, 

Alii, 

Alii, 

Ange, 

Angei. 

Ehe, 



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92 



AINSI— so— TH US— TAK— SIC. 



[chap. III.— adverbs, etc 



Types. 








1 

•E. Bengal. 


' Bodo, JVorin, risha, idu urin. 


•g (Sanskrit, 

<! tARABIC, . 








Evam^ ittham, 
Kizd, 


Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 


• 






CTdongy usdng. 
Weo-many temon. 
U'gdndd. 




Bask, . . 








Orreia, orla, orlatan^ orlanka. 


^ 


^ Kdchiri, 


. 






Caret. 




Finnic, . 








Nun, 




Munipuri, 






Asundouna. 




Magyar, . 








Ugy. 


^ 


Mfthin Ndgd, 






Caret 


^ 


Turkish, . 








Euileh, 


1 


Tablung Ndgd, 






Caret. 


1 


Circassian, 








Arahrey. 


1 


Khdri Ndgd, . 






Itango. 


|- 


Georgian, 








Ats. 


"^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, 






Tsawe. 


Mongolian, 








D^4ntsilen. 




Ndmsdng Ndgd, 






Ararang. 


c 


Mantshu, 








Teuteke, 


1 


Nowgong Ndgd, 






Anyakdng. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Mangkana, 


Tengsa Ndgd, 






Atti. 




Javanese, Krama, 




Mangkatm, 


? 


Abor Miri, . 






Pua. 




Malay, . . . 




BaginL 


1 


Sibsigar Miri, 






Umpe. 


t)r> 


' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Chdou-che-yang, 
Chdou-che-yang. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 






Lakireni. 
Ndaisai. 


.^ 


Chinese, Canton, 




Chiu-kom-yeong, 


•s 


' Burman {written). 






Thoso. 


1' 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Seh-keL 


1 


Burman {spoken). 






Tho-ifw, th^-ne. 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




A'n-niy dn-hiun. 


"^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 






. Caret. 




Japanese, . . 




Chodo, koste. 


h ■ 


Kdmi, . . . 






. Ka. 












j» 


KUmi, . . . 






Caret. 


Brahuf, . 








Handoan. 


I 


Mni V. Toung, 






Caret. 


:§* 


Gydmi, 








Thi-men-ti. 


■^ 


Sdk, . . . 






Caret. 


K 


Gydrung, . 








Caret. 


N 


' Talain v. Mon, 






Top-peun. 


h 


T^pa, . 








Usium. 


.6 


Sgau-karen, . 






De-iy de-ne. 




Mdnyak, . 








Thustiy moh. 


Pwo-karen, . 






Bayi. 


ThochU, . 








Cheu. 


^ 


Toungh-thu, . 






Nay-yo. 


r 


Sokpa, . . 








Yenichhin, 


r^* . 


Shdn, ... 






Tso-na-youk. 




Horpa, 








Wode, 


K 


Annamitic, . 






Vdi. 


i 


Tibetan (writtm). 






Jitswig, 


h 


Siamese, . . 






. Men-ran-niy yang nan, chen. 


S 


Tibetan (spoken). 






Dindd. 


1 


Ahom, . . 






. Fiat. 










c? 


Khdmti, . . 






. Nang nai. 




berpa, . . . 






Dinde, 




Laos, . . . 






Caret. 


__*_^ 


SiSnwdr, . 








Akko, 




. ■■-'**^-'j 








Q 


Giirung, . 
MUrmi, 








Chuga-liyon, 
Chuspd, 
I'ddng-cha, 
Ho-aldba, 




' Ho (Kol), . 
Kol (Singhbhum 


). 




, Enleka. 
. Fnlikate. 




Magar, . 
Thdksya, . 










Santili, . . 






Nangkd, onko, hunkate, ind- 


% 










BhiSmij, 








Nekagia. \leko, netikdn. 


1 


Pdkhya, . 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kii^nti, . 
Rodong, . 








Caret. 

Tha-thing. 

Kon-pha-dong-ba. 

Wdin suko. 
Tyaskwa ngo. 




Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rdjmahali 

Gondi, . 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 








YelL 

Nikemeh. 
Indeki. 
. Fh^n. 
Caret. 
Caret. 




Rdngchenbung, 






IVdinsa. 


*N . 


Naikude, 








Caret. 




Chhingtingya, 






Bdkhyakkha. 


1 


Kolami, 








Caret. 


•^ 


Ndchhereng, . 






Antok-gnd. 


1 


Midi, . 








Caret. 


1 


Wdling, . 








Mugnek. 


VJ 


Mddia, 








Caret. 


^ 


Ydkha, . 








Naktog-ha^ nd. 




Kuri, . 








Caret. 


1 


Chourdsya, 








Antsi-me. 




Keik^i, 








Caret. 


^ 


Kulungya, 








Wdntiva, wadommo. 




Khond, 








Yisingi. 


t' 


Thulungya, 








Ohom. 




Sdvara, 








Yettend. 


Rlhingya, . 








YekhOy mekho. 




Gadaba, 








Vokke. 


"<: 


Lohorong, 








Idoky tnodok. 




Yerukala, 








Yit,e. 


5 
^ 


Lambichhong 


> 






Natte-khd, khd. 




Chentsu, 








Yiy yemune. 




Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 








Kodokpd. 
Otd. 




Tamil, anc, . 
Tamil, mod., . 






Caret. 
Ippadi. 




Ddnii, . . 








Temphem. 




Malaydjma, anc, 




Caret. 




Khiling, . 
Dungmili, 








Tdmphem, 
Igne-go. 




Malaydjma, mod., 
Telugu,* . . . 




Ingngine. 
Ittd. 




' Ddrhi, ; . 








Ye-sai. 




Karndtaka, anc, 




Caret. 


J 


Denwdr, . 








Ye-nhe. 


•2 


Karn^t^ka, mod., 




Hige, intu. 


^ 


Pahri, . . 








Ye-re. 


^ 


Tujiiva, . . . 




Inchene. 


'^ 


Chepdng, . 








Caret. 


'n 


Kurgi, ... 






Innane. 


■"1 ^ 


Bhi4mu, . 








He, khdksd. 


J 


Toduva, ) . 
Toda, 1 . 






Iggas. 


K 


Vdyu, . . 








F'tna. 


1 






Ingeiy angei. 


5 


Kuswar, . 








Fsege. 


^ 


K6ta, . . . 






Ate, angei. 


1 


Kusunda, . 








Tafitan. 




Badaga, . . 






Hdge. 


«^ 


Thdru.. . 








Hdn. 




Kurumba, 






Hdge. 


k. ' 










Iruja, . . . 






Ipa4l 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 




Atom. 




Malabar, . . 






Ippadi, avoetliamaka. 




Bhiitini V. Lh 


lop 


a, . 




Ode,d€. 




^ Sinhalese, 


. 






Mesi. 



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CHAP. III. — ^ADVERBS, ETC] 



A-ZU (NACH)— TO— K'— AD. 



93 



Types, 

^ (Sanskrit, . . 
*§, ^Arabic, . . . . 

Bask, 

Finnic, . . . . 
Magyar, . . . , 
Turkish,. . . . 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . , 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, , 
Malay, . . . . 






Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, -ne^ -te. 



h 

\ 

I 
I 

6 



J 



I 



-^, -bhydm^ -bhya^ (dat). 
Ilay I (insep. prefix). 

-ra^ -rat; gana, ganat, 

-lie, 

-ra^ 'ba, 

-ah^ -eh. 

Caret, 

-sa. 

-to, -tu, -do, -du, 

-de. 

Marang, 

X^ateng. 

Ka, dkan, 

Kih, 

Kei, 

Kwo, 

Taw, 

Kdu, 

-ni. 



Gydmi, . . . 

Gydrung, . . . 

Tdkpa, . . . 

Mdnyak, . . . 

ThochiS, . . . 

Sokpa, . . . . 

Horpa, . . . 

Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan (spoken), , 

Serpa, .... 

Siinwdr, . . . 

Gdrung, . . . 

Miirmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



I 



' Kirdnti, . . . 
Rodong, . . . 
RiSngchenbung, . 
Chhingtdngya, . 
Ndchhereng, . . 
Wdling, . . . 
Ydkha, . . . 
Chourdsya, . . 
Kulungya, . , 
Thulungya, . . 
Bihingya, . . , 
Lohorong, . . 
Lambichiiong, , 
Bdldli, . . . , 
S4ng-pdng, . 
DUmi, ... 
Khdling, . . 
Dungmdli, . 

fDirhi, . . . . 

Denwir, . . , 

Pahri, . . . , 

Chep^g, . . 

Bhrimu, . . 

Vdyu, . . . 

Kuswar, . . 

Kusunda, . . 

Thdru,. . . 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhu0ni V. Lhopa, 



KM. 
Caret. 
Sydy la. 
We. 
Shil, 
Tti, 

Gi (?), da, 
Ldj.tu, du, ra, su. 
Ld, 

Ld, 

Kali. 

De. 

Dd, 

Kl. 

Dhydri. 

La, 

Ydta. 

Mo, nin. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Lagi, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

A'. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Lai, 

Ki, 

Ydta. 

Sdi, 

Hi, 

Caret, 

Ldi. 

Ldi. 

Kerdke, 

Kd, rem. 
Lb, 



I 



I 
I 



I 



V 

^ 



^ 

^ 









.« 

3 



I 



Bodo, . . 

Dhimdl, . 
Kocch, 

Garo, . . 

Kdchdri, . 

' Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndg^ 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndg^ . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndg^ 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman (wHtteti), 
Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . . 
Kiimi, . . 
Mni v. Toung. 
[Sdk, . . 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum), 
Santdli, . 
Bhdmij, . 
Urdon, . . 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, . . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Midi, . . 
Mddia, . . 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 

' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod. 
Telugu,* . . 
Karadtaka, anc, 
Karadtaka, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
To^a, ; 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Iruja, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



-eng. 

-ko, -no (?). 

Nd, 

Caret. 

Da (na ?). 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Nd, 

Caret, 

Nang. 

Tang. 

Nai, 

Telbpu, 

Lope, 

Caret, 

Fe. 

A. 

A\go. 

A. 

A, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Pway, 

Su. 

Tsu. 

En. 

Caret, 

Kyo, 

Ke. 

Caret, 

Hang, ti. 

Caret, 

te. 

Te (then ?). 

Seh (in. 'compos.), -the, -then, 

the. ['phed. 

Gai. 

Ko. 

-ihe{^), 

Baina. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Ku, 

Caret, 

Ti, 

No, 

Ku, 

Ku, 

Caret, 

-ku, -gu. 

Caret. 

-kka, -nna. 

Ku, ki. 

Caret. 

Ge, kke, 

Ku,ge, 

-ku, -gu. 

K, 

Ge, 

Ge. 

Ga. 

Ge,ke. 

Ke, 

Ku, 

-fa. 



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94 



AUJOURD'HUI— HEUTE— TO-DAY-SEHODNYA— HODIE. [chap, hi.— adverbs, etc 






1 
I 



Types. 

(Sanskrit, .... Adya. 

(Arabic, Ilyoum, 

Bask, Gaur^ egun, 

Finnic, Tanapana. 

Magyar, Ma. 

Turkish, Bugun. 



Circassian, 
Georgian, . 
Mongolian, . 
Mantshu, . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Kjra^ma, . 



Malay, HarinL 



Nep. 

Dghes. 

Ene^ edur. 

Enmggi. 

Dinna-iki. 

Dinien-punniki. 



^ 



I 



t 



\ 



I 



I 






-^ 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
^Japanese, . . . 



Kin-jih. 

Chin-jih. 

Kam-yat. 

Kiat^-tsaw, 

Kin-nd'jiU 

Kon-nichi^ 



Brahuf, Aimli. 

Gydmi, Chin-the, 

Gyirang, Pish-nyL 

Tikpa, Tashi. 

Mdnyak, Tany^ir, 

Thochii, Pashi. 

Sokpa, In dur. 

Horpa, . . . . . Pas-ni. 

Tibetan {:mitun\ . . Dering. 

Tibetan {spoim\ . . . Thiring. 

' Serpa, Tdring. 

Sdnwdr, MiUn-ldti. 

Giirung, TtnL 

Miirmi, Tini. 

Magar, Chini. 

Thdksya, Ndmd. 

Pdkhya, A'ja. 

Newdr, Thawon. 

Limbu, Ain^ 

Kirdnti, AL 

Rodcmg, A% dle^ 

Riingchenbung, . . . Aya^ dL 

Chhingtdngya, . . . Pdyam. 

Nichhereng, . . . . A'se. 

Wdling, A^ilOy dya^ 

Ydkha, Hoh'yen. 

Chourdsya, .... Tianso^ 

Kulungya, .... Yese^ 

Thulungya, .... Arup^ 

Bdhingya, A'na. 

Lohorong, .... Ayu. 

Lambichhong> . . . Hdlok. 

Bdldii, Isin. 

Sing-pdng, .... Yese. 

Diimi, A'nyoL 

KMling, Anyalo. 

Dungmdli, .... A^-i. 

Dirhi, A'ju. 

Denwir, A*-ju. 

Pahri, Tha-ra. 

Chepdng, Te-n. 

Bhrimu, H-ya. 

Vdyu, Tt-ri. 

Kuswar> A-ja. 

Kusunda, Itwaji^ ipwaju 

Thdru, Aju^ 






Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
Bhiltdni V. Lhopa, . 



Sarongs 
Dharing. 






I: 



I 



•g fBodo, . 
I Dhimdl, 
^ - Kocch, 
t^ Garo, . 
t^' [Kdchiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgi, 
Khiri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndg^ 
Ndmsdng N^d, 
Nowgong N^^ 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsigar Miri, 
^ Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman {written)y 
Burman {spoken\ 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, . 
Kilmi, . 
MnS V. Toung 

[Sdk, . 

Talain v. Mon 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhum), 

Santili, . 

Bhiimij, . 

Urdon, 

Mundala, . 

Rdjmahali, 

Gondi, . . 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, . 

Naikude, . 

Kolami, . 

Midi, . . 

Mddia, 

Kuri, . . 

Keikddi, . 

Khond, . 

Sivara, 

Gadaba, . 
I Yerukala, . 
[Chentsu, . 

' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydjma, mod 
Telugu,* . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karnataka, mod 
Tuluva, 
Kurgi, . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, j 
K6ta, . 
Badaga, 
Kurumba, 
Inija, . 
Malabar, 
Sinhalese, 



Dine. 

Nani. 

Aj\ adhya (?). 

Tingni. 

Dinesanchk. 

Ashi. 

Anyi. 

Tinyi. 

Thani. 

Teje. 

Tajd. 

Tannu. 

ITianglu. 

Silo. 

Silo. 

Dinineni. 

Daini. 

Yarn. 

Yane, thu-khana. 

Tun-ap. 

Wei-ni. 

Wd-i-ni. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Thang waynau. 
ATsahy mUsai. 
Dni-yu. 
Han-7u. 
Ma-hniht. 
Hdm-nay. 
Wdn-ni, wan nl. 
Banai. 
Caret. 
Wanni. 

Thing. 

Nd. 

Teheng. 

Thing. 

Inam. 

Tihin. 

Ine. 

Naindy naiii. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret, 
luanu. 

Nenju. 
Nangadini. 

Yinchd. 

Pmdn. 

Ayijey ajko. 

Ittai. 

InrUy innaki. 

Caret. 

Inna. 

Ne4u. 

Caret. 

I'hottu. 

Int. 

Indu. 

Idd. 

Edu. 

Inde. 

Indu. 

Indu. 

Indu. 

Indu^ indeikku. 

Ada. 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC] DEMAIN—MORGEN— TO-MORROW— ZAVTRA—CRAS. 



95 



.^ 



Types. 



•« (Sanskrit, 
4, (Arabic, 



1 



J 



I 



I 
I 



I 



I 



I 






^ 



2 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
T^pa, 
Mdnyak, 
ThochiS, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (writtm), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

SiSnwir, 

GiSrung, 

MiSrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

New^, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdl^i, . . 
S£ng-p4ng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmili, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denw^, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusundia, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 



*Svah. 
BukrOy ghadd, 

Bigar^ biar, 

Huomenna, 

Kolnap. 

Yarin, 

Caret, 

Khkal, 

Mamighau 

Chimakha, chitnari, 

Shsok. 

Bmjing-mjing, 

Esok'hdri, 

Ming-jih, 
Ming-jih, 
Ming-yat, 
Ming4saw, 

Bin-nd-jU^ Un-nd-chhi. 
Myonichiy meo-nichi, 

Pagi. 

Min the, 

Sos-nyL 

Nogor, 

Soriih, 

Sozyu, 

Mdgdr, 

Khasi. 

Safigy thore, 

Sdng, 

Thordng, 

Dis. 

Nhdgd, 

Nangar, 

Pytingura. 

Tila. 

Bholu 

Ka-nhai, 

Tdndik. 

Mang-koieng. 
Sen-lay sen-lam, 
Mdngkolen, 

Wdrangda. 

Sdla, 

Hdmdye, mangkolen, 

Wdn^ di, 
DU-na, 
Desa ah', 
Dika, 
DiTla, 

Weng'dd, 

JVdring, 

Selmd, 

Seldmd, 

Di^yd, 

Disd-d, 

Hdrnd-young. 

Kdlu, 

Ka4hi, ka-l-hi, 

Kin-chi, 

Sydng, 

W(hgai, 

Nu-kana, 

Kdl-hi, 

Gorak, 

Kdlhi, 

Luk, 
Ndbah, 






I 



I 



^ 



S 
.« 

^ 



I 



I 

S 



Bodo, . 




. . GdMn. 




Dhimdl, 




. . Jumni, 




Kocch, 




, . Kal, kalya (?). 




Garo, . 




. . Gdndp. 




Kdchdri, 




, . Kapun sanche. 




' Munipuri, . . 


, . Ardng, 




Mfthdn Ndgd, . 


, . Nai-ni, 




Tablung Ndgd, . 


, , Ngai-ni, 




KhdriNdgi,. . 


, , Asang, 




Angdmi Ndgi, . 


. . Thedu. 




Ndmsing Ndgd, 


. . Ninap, 




Nowgong Ndgd, 


. . Asong, 




Tengsa Ndgd, . 


, , A'sang, 




Abor Miri, . . 


. . lampo. 




Sibsdgar Miri, . 


. . Yampo, 




Deoria Chutia, . 


. Disuini, 




Singpho, . . . 


. , Mphoni, 




' Burman (writuti). 


. . Nakphan, 




Burman (spokm), , 


. , Netphdn, 




Khyeng v. Shou, 


, . JVhdt-ta, 




Kirai, .... 


. , Cha-khon, 




Kdmi, .... 


. . Qui-ddm, 




Mni V. Toung, . 


. . Caret, 




S^, .... 


. Caret, 




Talain v. Mon, . 


. Zi-ya, 




Sgau-karen, . . 


, ^Kaighaw, 




Pwo-karen, . . 


, Ke-ghaU'koh, 




Toungh-thu, . . 


. Mu-reu, 




Shdn, .... 


. Md'hpot, 




Annamitic, . . 


. Ngay-mai, 




Siamese, . . . 


Hpunei phrungni. 




Ahoni, .... 


, Sang-manai, 




Khdmti, . . . 


. Maphok, 




Laos, .... 


, Phuk, 




'Ho(Kol), . . 


. Gappa, 




Kol (Singhbhum), 


G^phd, 




Santili, . . . 


. Gdpd (declined with 


-ko,-b, 


Bhiimij, . 




. Guphd, 


[-^). 


Urdon, 




. Neld, 




Mundala, . 




, Gdpd. 




Rijmahali, 




. LeU. 




Gontji, . . 




. Nadiy ningnai. 




Gayeti, . 




, Caret. 




Rutluk, . 




, Caret, 




Naikude, . 




, Caret. 




Kolami, . 




, Caret, 




Mddi, . . 




, Caret, 




Mddia, 




, Caret. 




Kuri, . . 




Caret. 




Keikddi, . 




, Nalaka. 




Khond, . 




, Rod, 




Sdvara, 




. Biyo, 




Gadaba, . 




. Beyyar, 




Yerukala, . 




. NesH, 




Chentsu, . 




, Kayil. 




Tamj!, anc. 


• . . . 


, Pinrei. 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


. Ndfei, ndleikku. 




Malaydlma, anc, 


Caret. 




Malaydlma, mod., . 


, Ndle. 




Telugu,' . . . . 


. Elli (anc), repu (mod.). 


Karndtaka, anc, 


. Caret. 




Karndtaka, mod., . 


. Ndle. 




Tuluva, . . . . 


. Elli. 




Kurgi, 


. Ndle. 




To^uva, . . . 
Toda, ■ . . . 


. Mokol, 




, Belkash. 




K6ta, 


. Nalke. 




Bacjaga, . . . . 


, Nale, 




Kurumba, . . . 


, Nale, 




Irula, 


, Nale. 




Malabar, . . . . 


. Ndlei. 




Sinhalese, . 


. 


. Heta, 





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96 



QUAND—W ANN— WHEN ?— KOGDA— QUUM. 



[chap. III.— adverbs, etc. 



Types. 

I (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 






I 



s 



I 



Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, .... 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 

Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, .... 



t 
I 






I 



Kaddy karhi. 
Lamma^ mata^ iza, 

Noiz, 

Koska, 

Mikor, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Odes. 

Ghetsighe, 

Atanggi, 

Kapan, 

Kapan. 

Kdpan, 

Shin-nw-shi. 

Shen-mo-shih. 

Ki-shL 

Ki-s^. 

Ti-sL 

Itsugoro, itsu. 

Chi-wakt. 

Gydmi, Nd-khHtn, 

Gydrung, This-dui^ kwustra. 

Tdkpa, Kashu, 

Mdnyak, Ninkhe. 

Thochil, Thisni. 

Sokpa, Khech-che. 

Horpa, Sa-deu. 

Tibetan (writun), . . Gang-tse, nam. 

Tibetan {spoken^ . . . Kha-divi. 

Serpa, Tanam. 

Siinwir, Gend. 

Gdrung, Kdi-nw. 

MiSrmi, Kdi-ma. 

Magar, Syen. 

Thdksya, Tigni. 

Pikhya, Caret. 

Newix, Go/a. 

Limbu, Aphdle. 

Kirdnti, Demkhe. 

Rodong, Delo. 

Riingchenbung, . . . Demkhe. 

Chhingtingya, . . . Andm. 

Ndchhereng, .... A'dem. 

Wiling, Demkha, khinant. 

Yikha, Hetning, /leh'ning. 

Chourdsya, .... A'seio. 

Kulungya, .... Hddolo^ hddemiye. 

Thulungya, .... Hdm-syukd. 

Bdhingya, Gydna. 

Lohorong, .... A'ndm^ hdndm. 

Larabichhong, . . . Hembina. 

Bdldli, Hddetnlo. 

Sing-pdng, .... Hallo. 

Ddmi, Helo. 

Khdling, Hebeio. 

Dungmdli, .... Khindm. 

Ddrhi, Kdh€. 

Denwdr, Kanhin. 

Pahri, Gwe-the. 

Chepkng, Caret. 

Bhrdmu, Kai4he. 

Vdyu, Hd-ke. 

Kuswar, Ka-kheti: 

Kusunda, A'sahi. 

Thdru, Kabahu. 

Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Sathd. 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, . . Nam. 



^ 
^ 
k 



I 



I 



<5 



.5 



h 

•2 



I 






Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgi, 
Tablung N^d, 
Khdri Nigd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgi, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {written), 
Burman (spoken)^ 
Khyeng v. Shou. 
Kdmi, . 
Kiimi, . 
Mni v. Toung, 
Sdk, . 

' Talain v. Mon 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum) 
Santili, 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 
Gondi, . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Midi, . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . 
Keikddi, 
Khond, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukala, 
Chentsu, 

Tami], anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydjma, anc. 
Malaydjma, mod, 
Telugu,* . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karnitaka, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, ) 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kunimba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Mdbeld. 

Helou. 

Kab. 

Bibd. 

Caret. 

Horen. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Kuim. 

Tadzune. 

Matu suanta. 

Kodang. 

Kdpd. 

Caret. 

Udilo. 

Dumoni. 

Yango. 

B/iesokhd. 
Bhethokhd. 

Hd-ni-kdn. 
Md-na-kd. 
Caret. 
Caret. 

A'khalarau. 

Tu, kai-lai. 

Taung. 

Tu-ma. 

Chyain-lu. 

Khi-nao. 

Hpalahighn^ nua-dai. 

Phreu-nai. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Chooila. 

ChiHild. 

Tin-johOy tinare, okdhildk, 

Caret. \tisah. 

Ekd here. 

ChidOy chimto. 

I-kono. 

Baska, vang-pur. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Yepo. 

Yesekd. 

Yenga. 

Yindoyi. 

Yeppudu. 

Kekhan^ kekkoneki. 

Eppozhudu. 

EppodUy yeppo. 

Caret. 

Eppol. 

EppudUy yeppudu. 

Caret. 

Ydvdga. 

Epag. 

Ekka. 

Caret. 
Etvan. 

Yennale. 

Yegva. 

Yega. 

Yepa. 

Eppothu. 

Kawadd. 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC] 



OU— WO— WHERE ?— GDYE— UBI. 



97 



Types. 
1 (Sanskrit, . . . 




. Kva^ ktitra. 


^ (Arabic, . . 




. Ayn^ haith. 


s 


' Bask, . . . 




. Non^ nun. 




Finnic, . . 




. Kusa, 




Magyar, . . 




. Hoi. 


& 


Turkish, . . 




. Nereye. 


1 


Circassian, . 




Tehduey. 


1 


Georgian, . 




. Kidre. 


Mongolian, . 




. AH. 


I 


Mantshu, . 




. Aibide. 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 


. Endi. 




Javanese, Krama, . 


. Fundi. 




^ Malay, . . . . 


. Dimdna. 


C Chinese, Nankin, . 


. Shin-mo-ti-fang, na-li. 




Chinese, Pekin, , 


. S/ien-mo-ti-fang, na-li. 


> 


Chinese, Canton, . 


, Pinchii. 




Chinese, Shanghai, 


. Hd-li. 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


. Ta-loh-ui. 




Japanese, . . . 


. Doko^ do-koni. 


Brahuf, 




. Ardde. 


^ 


f Gydmi, . 




. Ld4i. 


t^ 


Gydrung, . 




. Katu. 


Jb 


Tdkpa, . 




. Gd, gdkd. 


■^ 


Minyak, . 




. Khade. 


Thochd, . 




. Tano. 


1 


Sokpa, . . 




. Thyerthor. 




Horpa, . , 




. Lore. 


i 


Tibetan {zvritten), . 


Gangna. 


s 


Tibetan [spoken), . , 


. Khdcho. 




r Serpa, 


. Kdni. 


^ 


Siinwdr, . 




. Dotha^ getha. 


1 


Giirung, . 




. KhaniH. 


"SJ 


Murmi, . . 




. Khdin. 




Magar, 




. Kulak. 


Thdksya, . 




Tomi. 


i 


Pdkhya, . 




. Kota. 


1 


Newdr, . . 




. Gukhe. 




Limbu, 




. Atdng. 




r Kirdnti, . 




. K/idddnH, 




Rodong, . 




. Khoda. 




Rungchenbung, . 


. K/idddy khdda-nung. 




Chhingtdngya, . 


. Hoket. 


^ 


Ndchhereng, . . 


. Hdppa, hdphdle. ■ 


.i 


Wdling, . 




. K/iini, khdda. 


< 


Ydkha, . 




, Hefina, hennehe. 


1 


Chourdsya, 




. Thdlo. 


^ 


Kulungya, 




. Hdpise, hdkwade. 


^1 


Thulungya, 




. Bdte, bdnte. 


<s 


Bdhingya, . 




Gydla, a-juju-di. 




Lohorong, 




. Hdngbe^ hdmpe. 


Lambichhong 


> 


. Heine. 


i< 


Bdldli, . . 




. Hdpdbi, hdpdng. 




Sdng-pdng, 




. Hd-pi. 




DiSmi, . . 




. Khebi. 




Khdling, . , 




. Khdbi, 




DungmdH, 




. Khibi, khibiyd. 




fDdrhi, . . 




. Kd-chi. 


"i 


Denwdr, . 




. . Kd-chi. 


1^ 


Pahri, . . 




. . Gu-iM. 


V 


Chepdng, . 




. . Caret. 


I- 


Bhrdmu, . 




. . Ku-nai. 


Vdyu, . . 




. Hd^ne. 


^ 


Kuswar, . 




. . Ka-chi-na. 


"i 


Kusunda, . 




. . A'naka. 


Qi 


Thdru, . . 




Kdnha. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 


. . Saba^ sabi. 




Bhiitdni v. LI 


lopa, 


. . Kdnd4e. 



I 






I 



h 

8 






I 



Bodo, . . 

Dhimdl, . 
Kocch, 

Garo, . . 

Kdchdri, . 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 



Burman {written), 
Burman {spokm\ 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . . . 
Kiimi, . . . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sdk, . . . 



' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shdn, . . . 
Annamitic, . 
Siamese, . . 
Ahom, . . . 
Khdmti, . . 
Laos, . . . 

Ho (Kol), . 
Kol (Singhbhum 
Santdli, . 
Bhumij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



), 



Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod 
Telugu,' . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod., 
Tiduva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, I 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, 



Mouha. 

Hesho. 

Kahdn. 

Bil. 

Caret. 

Keida. 

Paupu. 

Taw-wai. 

Kuchi. 

Kiraporu. 

Makoa. 

Kon^. 

Otiga. 

Ungkolo. 

Okolon. 

Borong. 

Gadegui, 

BJiemhd. 

Bhemhd, 

Inidm. 

Nd-nd-be. 

Md-mo. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Alorau. 

Pai-lai. 

Shaing-u. 

Eu-hmay. 

Kalau. 

Ddu. 

Kalau^ thi-nai. 

Ho. 

Thau. 

Tinai. 

Okdirk. 
Okotai. 

Ukuri, okdrey okdte, okathen. 
Oko-thdi. 
Eksan. 
l/thi. 
Ikeno. 

Bugga^ vagd. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret 
Caret. 
Yekada. 
Caret. 
Tengd. 
Ammano. 
Vite, yenge. 
Kuhandy kahd. 

Evan. 

EngUy yenge. 
Caret. 
EvUe. 

Ekkada, tda. 
Caret. 
Elli. 
Odeke. 
Yelli. 
Ett 
Et. 
Yeye. 
Yelli. 
Yelli. 
Yenge. 
Engei. 
Koheda. 



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98 



POURQUOI— WARUM— WHY ?— POCHEMU— CUR. [CHAP, iil—adverbs, etc. 



^ Types. 

•S (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 



I 



I 



i! 



I 



I 

'1 






I 



Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 
Gy^ng, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
ThochiS, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 
Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan [spoken). 



Serpa, . 

SUnwir, 

GiSning, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thiksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newir, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
RiSngchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wiling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
SI Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdlili, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thiru,. . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 





% fBodo, Mdno. 




1 


Dhimdl, . 










Hai-pdlu 


Kitn-artham. 


1. 


Kocch, . 










Ki-tdne. 


Umdza, laish. 


t<i 


Garo, . . 










Atdng. 


Zergatiky zigaiti, zeren. 


i^ 


Kichdri, . 










Caret. 


Mita. 




' Munipuri, 








Karigi-tumuk. 


Caret. 


1 


MfthinNdgd, . 






Caret. 


Nichun. 


Tablung Ndgd, . 






Caret. 


Sida. 


KhiriNdgd,. . 






Chibatsawi. 


Rad. 


^ 


Angdmi Ndg^ . 






Kaji. 


Yahonotola. 


••1 


Ndmsing Ndgi, 




Reio. 


Ainu. 


1 " 


Nowgong Ndgd, 




Kashia. 


Punnapaha. 


^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 




Kado. 


Yagtnnk. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . 






Okkiduna. 


A'pakdrana. 


Sibsdgar Miri, 






Kappu. 


Wei'Shin-mo. 
Wei'Shenrtno. 


'•J 


Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 






Damno. 
. Fan. 


WW %0W *^ww^^ww www^^m 

Wai-mat-ye. 
Wa-sah 


1 


' Burman (written). 






Bheprulo. 


H 


Burman \spoken). 






. Bhepyulo. 


Siati'Siii, 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 






. F-na-to-dm. 


Nazhe, nose. 




Kimi, . . . 
Kdrai, . . . 






. Ta-ii-sd-n^e. 
. Caret. 


Antai. 


"i 


MnS V. Toung, 






. Caret. 


Syd-ch^i. 
Thus'pe. 
Sagyak. 
Hdmile. 


^ 


S^ . . . 
' Talain v. Mon, 






. Caret. 
. Mur-parau^ 


.8 


Sgau-karen, . 






. M^nulaly mu-lai. 


Pwo-karen, . 






. Nau-lai. 


Niblin^ nishi. 


Toungh-thu, . 






H^twa-may. 


Tharichhin. 




Shin, . . . 






Pen-htsau. 


A'chu-gno. 
Caret. 


Annamitic, . 






. Ldm-sao. 


h 


Siamese, . . 






. Hta mihn^ phra aurai. 


Khd-in. 


•S 


Ahom, . . . 






. Wd. 




^ 


Khimti, . . 






. Caret. 


Kdng. 




Laos, . . . 






. Caret. 


Mara. 

Ta. 

Ttk. 

KMa. 

Caret. 




'Ho(Kol), . 






. Chikan-mentk. 




Kol (Singhbhum 


), 




. Chikan-minte. 




Santili, . . 






. Chdh, chedd, chdldgih. 




Bhdmij,- 
Urion, 








. Chi4ika. 
Indari. 


Caret. 
Chhd. 
The-Jokma, the-dng. 




Mundala, 








. Chikanle. 




Rijmahali 
Gondi, . 








. Indrik. 

. Bass-dti^ bdrad^ barri. 


KMinse. 




Gayeti, 








. Caret. 


Dema. 


1 


Rutluk, 








Caret. 


Dena, dene. 


c 


Naikude, 








. Caret. 


Mechchhd. 


Kolami, 








. Caret. 


U'mti. 


MM, . 








. Caret. 


Dehd-nd. 




Mddia, 








Caret. 


Irok'hdy irok. 




Kuri, . 








. Caret. 


A'se, dmd. 




Keikidi, 








. YendtuktL 


Ddi, ddtiikwa. 




Khoijd, 








. AnnddekL 


Hdgna, hamta. 




Sivara, 








. Jitdsamgnd. 


Marcko, martha. 




Gadaba, 








. Caret. 


Imang-musiy manthoug. 




Yerukala, 








Yemmatuku, phaldyd. 


Thimmd. 




Chentsu, 








. Kissdle. 


ITkhdlo. 




' Tamil, ana, . 






. Ennd. 


Ydnpi. 




Tamij, mod., . 






. En, ykdu. 


MdpHne. 




Malayilma, anc., 




Caret. 


Mdbi. 




Malayilma, mod, 




. Entina. 


Tend. 




Telugu, . . . 




. Ela, yenduku. 


Cnr/>t 




Karnitaka, anc., 




. Caret. 


Caret. 


4 


Karndtaka, mod, 




. Ydtake, ydke. 


3 


Tuliiva, . . . 




. Jayekk. 






Kurgi,. . 








. Caret. 


Caret. 

Mis-pa. 

Kyii-htin. 


^ 


Toduva,) 
Toda, ; 
Kdta, . . 
Badaga, . 








Caret. 
. A'ed. 

Yendea. 
. Yeka. 


Caret. 




Kurumba, 








. Yeka. 




Irula, . . 








Yenna. 


Shfi-mat. 




Malabar, . 








. En, ethukkuka. 


Kdm-be. 




Sinhalese, 










. Ayu 



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CHAP. III. — ADVERBS, ETC] 



AVEC— MIT— W I T H-S'— CUM. 



99 



Types. 

•« (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



1 



Bask, .... 
Finnic, . . . 
Magyar, . . . 
Turkish, . . . 
Circassian, . . 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kinama, . 
Malay, . . . . 



> 



^ 






• 



s 



I 



I 



I 



I 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahul, .... 

Gyimi, . . . . 
Gydrung, .... 
Tdkpa, .... 
Mdnyai, .... 
ThochiS, .... 

Sokpa, 

Hoipa, .... 
Tibetan (wrUtm), . 
Tibetan (spokm)^ . . 

Serpa, 

Siinwdr, .... 
Gdrung, .... 
Miinni, .... 
Magar, .... 
Thdksya, .... 
Pdkhya, .... 
New^, .... 
limbu, .... 



«ti 



'Kirdnti, . . . 

Rodong, . . . 
Riingchenbung, , 

Chhingtingya, . 

Ndchhereng, . , 

Wiling, . . , 

Ydkha, . . , 

Chourisya, . . 

Kulungya, . . 

Thulungya, . . 

Bdhingya, . . . 

Lohorong, . . 

Lambichhong, . 

Bdldli, . . . . 

Sdng-pdng, . . 

Dtimi, . . . . 

KhiHng, . . . 

Dungmdli, . . 

f D^hi, . . . . 

Denwir, . . . 

Pahri, . . . . 

Chepdng, . . . 

Bhrdmu, . . . 

Viyu, . . . . 

Kuswar, . . . 

Kusunda, . . . 

Thdm,. . . . 



Lq)dia (Sikkiin)^ . . 



Sam-, sa-^ saha. 
Macu 

Kanssa. 
-vol. 

Caret, 

-tha, 

Loghay tula, 

Sasa. 

Sambiy kambi, 

Kalayan. 

Dangan, 

Tung. 

T'uf^. 

Tung. 

Teh4s^y ha. 

Kap. 

-tOy tamanu 

•to. 

Khdng-chhen. 

Kriy khyds. 

Num4ang. 

Phde. 

Ong. 

ThdngcU, 

Ache. 

Lhanchig, 

Ld,dd. 

Tdng. 

N^h. 

Dcy deye. 

Ta. 

Ze-thdng, khdta. 

Gndyero. 

Saga. 

Yaketiy ndpo., 

NH.teng. 

Dd. 

Pida. 

Ifnan. 

Nting. 

Gndngj mdng. 

Fiy eddy inan. 

Nitng. 

Bilo. 

Gdmpiy io. 

Nung. 

Nung. 

Nung. 

Lok. 

Lung. 

Pi. 

Bi, ke. 

Pobiy koto, 

Bifpiy ndng 

sm. 

Pn. 

Nang. 

I. 

Chon. 

Nong. 

Sin. 

Tofigche. 

Sc^ 

Sdytyol. 
Chd^dd^chdro. 



1 


Bodo, 


. A^,/^. 


Dhimil, . . . . 


. Dopd, dosd. 


^ 


■ Kocch, .... 


. DosoTy sdthe. 


^ 


Garo, 


Mon. 


I^* 


Kdchdri, . . . . 


. Caret. 




' Munipuri, .... 


. Loi-nit-na. 


•< 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 


. Caret. 


OQ 


TablungNd^ . . 


Caret. 


KhiriNdgd,. . . 


. Ashe. 


V 


Angdmi Ndgi, . . 


Caret. 


•^ 


N^sdng N^d, . . 


. Caret. 


1 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


. Yasu. 


^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


. Suga. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. Caret. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Lcgolo. 


'^^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


Caret. 




Singpho, . . . . 


. Caret. 


•?' 


' Burman {writtm\ 


. Nhang, 


^ 


Burman [spokm\ . . 


Nhen, hnen. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


. Yung 


4)- 


Kimi, 


. Hd4. 


« 


KiSmi, 


. Caret. 


•| 


MnS V. Toung, . . 


. Caret. 


^ 




. Caret. 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


. Ku. 


s 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


. DaUy atho. 


.R 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. Dai. 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


. Caret. 


r^ 


Shin, ...... 


. Han. 




Annamitic, . . . 


. Kung. 


Siamese, .... 


Kha^ duet. 


•2 


Ahom, 


. Chum. 


^ 


Khimti, .... 


. Caret. 




Laos, 


. Caret. 




rHo(Kol), . . . 


. Loy teinredo. 




Kol (Singhbhum), . 


. Tote. 




SantJ^hV .... 


, Gdte, tiiluiy saUngte. 




Bhiimij, .... 


. Thtui (?). 




Urdon, .... 


. Sang. 




Mundala, .... 


. Gatty tninna. 




Rijmahali, . . . 


Guni. 




Gondi, 


. Sang. 


J 


Gayeti, .... 


. Caret. 


S 


Rutluk, .... 


. Caret. 




Naikude, .... 


. Caret. 


^ 


Kolami, .... 


. Caret 


Mddi, 


. Caret. 




Mddia, 


Caret. 




Kuri, 


. Caret. 




Keikddi, .... 


. Caret. 




Khoi?d, .... 


. Caret. 




Sivara, .... 


. Ruhd. 




Gadaba, .... 


. Bonom. 




Yerukala, .... 


. Tote. 




Chentsu, .... 


. Sang. 




Tamil, ana, . . . 


. Caret. 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


. -SdUy 'kii4a. 




Malaydlma, ana, . 


. Caret 




Malaydlma, mod., . 


. -c^, 'H(e. 




Telugu, .... 


. 40. 




Kan^dtaka, ana, 


. Caret. 


1 


Kan^^taka, mod., . 


. 'kii4ay 'Sanga4a. 


Tujuva, .... 


. -cttugu. 




Kurgi, 


. 4hi4e. 


Toduva, ) . . . 
Toija, / . . . 


. Caret. 


1 


. Caret. 


^ 


K6ta, 


. senga^a. 




Badaga, .... 


. 4io4a. 




Kurumba, . . . 


'^anga4a. 




Inila, 


. M4a, 




Malabar, .... 


. -udany oduy idat4hu. 




Sinhalese,. . . . 


. "Samaga. 



Digitized by 



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lOO 



DEDANS— INNERHATT— WITHIN— VNUTRI— INTRA. 



[chap. III.— adverbs, etc. 



Types. 

I (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 



r 






< 



s 



i 



r 



I 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahul, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
ThochiS, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (writtm), 
Tibetan {spoken)^ 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Gilrung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thiksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newir, 

Limbu, 

' Kirinti, 
Rodong, 
Rdngchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong. 
Bdldli, . . 
Sing-p^g, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwir, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkini), 
Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 



Antar, 
Joud, 

Barruan, barrena^ barrura, 

Sisainen, \barnm. 

Be, 

Ich, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Todova, 

Dorgi, 

Sajero. 

Salebeiting. 

Diddlam, 

NH, 

NH, 

Noi, 

Li-hiang, 

Ldi-bin, 

Uchi^ tiaka. 

FaM. 

Lithu, 

Ugii, wogu. 

Nengd. 

Khu, 

Kuku^ 

Totar, 

Ndng, 

Ndng, nd. 

Ndng, 

Ndng, 

A'gd, 

Nhori, 

Tung-gyer, 

Bhitar, 

Nfidri, 

Bhitra, 

Dune, 

Ktisi-gang, hong, 

Ukung-yd. 

Kung-ya, \kongda, 

Ukonghud'ya, ukongva, 

Ukumbe, khimbdyu, 

Khimgwa, khimgp, 

Khimko, akungya. 

Caret, 

KudukwdyUj koya, 

Gopa. 

Gona^ ugwa-ana. 

Agwddi, agwa-la, 

Hongsiyii. 

Ichhite, 

Hoksyiiyu, 

Hoptdn, 

ITtong, 

Ugo-ya, 

Um-kong-ya. 

Bhitar, 

Bhitar, 

Dohon, 

Caret. 

Trka, ndng, 

Neng, bek, 

Bhitar, 

Wdha, 

Bhitra, 

Sagong, 
Ndng, 



I 



} 









^ 









4 



Bodo, . . 

Dhimdl, . 
Kocch, 

Garo, . . 

Kdchdri, . 

Munipuri, . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman (loritun), 
Burman {spoken) ^ 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . . . 
Kiimi, . . . 
Mni V. Toung. 
Sdk, . . .' 



' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shin, . . . 
Annamiti.c, . 
Siamese, . . 
Ahom, . . . 
Khdmti, . . 
Laos, . . . 



Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum 
Santdli, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, . . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khoi^d, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



Tamil, anc, . 
Tamil, mod., . 
Malaydlma, anc. 
Malaydlma, mod, 
Telugu,' . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, j 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Iruja, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, 



), 



Singou, sing. 
Lipta, 
Bhitar, 
Pumavai, 
Nu noishing, 

Yimung, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Tisinge. 

Kinu. 

Caret. 

Talong. 

Atap. 

A'rdso. • 

Araso. 

Chikimi. 

Caret. 

Atwang, 

Atwen^ a-hlay-mha, 

JDugdme, 

A' -t hum-be, 

Thum, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Kha-tway, 

A'-pu, len-pu. 

Ler-apung. 

En-pu, 

Ka-noung, 

Trong. 

Khannoung^ thmai. 

Khauju, 

Tinau. 

Caret, 

Tallark, 

Bhitar. 

Bhitdr^ bhitarite, 

Bhitar. 

irid. 

Bhitar. 
U'le. 

Rappu^ nupd mandar. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Wulle. 
Caret. 
Alogna. 
Vomiifi. 
VuUe. 
Bhitar. 

Caret. 

-ul/L 

Caret. 

Akatta. 

Lopala, logd. 

Caret. 

Olage. 

on. 

Caret. 

Ullu. 

Ulf. 

iriuii, 

Volage, 
Voltage. 
Ulle. 

mm. 

AtuU. 



Digitized by 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC] 



SANS— OHNE— WITHOUT—BEZ-SINE. 



lOI 



Types. 








•<t (Sanskrit, .... Vind, 


4 (Arabic, . . 






. Beld, 


s 


'Bask, . . . 






-gabey -ke; gabe, ba^ 




Finnic, . 








Tta. 




Magyar, . 








'neikiil. 


^ 


Turkish, . 








'Siz, 


1 


Circassian, 








Weyrey, burey. 


r 


Georgian, 








Thwienicr, 


Mongolian, 








Ughei\ ug/tet'bar. 


C 


Mantshu, 








De ako. 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 




Ora-nganggo, 




Javanese, Krama, . 




Boten-ngan^, 




Malay, . . . . 




Korang, 




' Chinese, Nankin, . 




Puh-yu, 


^ 


Chinese, Pekin, . 




Mei-yu, 


.« 


Chinese, Canton, . 




Mo, 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Veh-yUy veh-i-daw. 


*N 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 




Bo, 




Japanese, . , . 




Fokay nakute. 


Brahuf, 








Baghar, 


5' 


' Gydmi, . 








Momd, mey^-md. 


g 


Gydrung, . 








Kamei, 


* 


Tdkpa, . . 








Ma-nona, 




Mdnyak, . 








Mdju, 


« • 


Thochd, . . 








Maruk, 


!<; 


Sokpa . . . 








IPg'gwe, 




Horpa, . . 








Mdch^, 


§ 


Tibetan (writun), 






Caret, 


2 


Tibetan (spoken), 
' Serpa, . . . 






Thdna, 
Me-tdia, 


1 


SiSnwdr, . 
Giirung, . 








Mabdthu, 
Ar-esyd, 


'S 


Miirmi, 








Add-nd, 




Magar, . . 








Mdmule, 


Thdksya, . 








Arobhoja, 


i 


Pdkhya, . 








Bholi, 


t 


Newdr, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 








Madaya-kang. 
Menne, 

Mddang, 
Madang, 




Riingchenbung, 






Madarjg, mandang. 




Chhingtdngya, 






Mdngdii, 


s 


Ndchhereng, . 






Mdngdi, 


1, 


Wdling, . 








Mochhi, 


^ 


Ydkha, . 








Mdnnung, metning. 


1 


Chourdsya, 








Sokho, 


^ 


Kulungya, 








. Mdndi. 


f 


Thulungya, 








. Mdnthi, 


1 


Bdhingya, . 








. Mdnthi, 




Lohorong, 








Meddirlg, 


1 


Lambichhong 


'> 






MdngchM, 


Bdldli, . . 








Medding, 




Sdng-pdng, 








. Mand, mdn. 




Ddmi, . . 








. Mduthine^ mandi. 




Khdling, . 








, Mdng-thd. 




Dungmdli, 








. Mdnchhi, 




• Ddrhi, . . 








. Bdhir, 


i 


Denwdr, . 








. Bdhir, 


t 


Pahri, . . 








Pert'hd, 


^ 


Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
TWru,. . 








Caret, 

Am-bu, 

Tongma^ lok. 
. Bdhir, 
, Kduthd'i, 
. NahUuhi. 


Lepchft ^ikkim), 




, 71 




Bhtitdmv.Ii 


lop 


at 




. 2M^. 





•vi 


Bodo, Ongdygeya, 




Dhimdl, . . 






. Mdnthu, 




«:i . 


Kocch, . . 






, Bine, 




^ 


Garo, . . . 






Thong chani gamang. 


bake, 


^ 


Kdchdri, . . 






, Caret, 


\:bake. 




' Munipuri, . . 






Caret. 




•^" 


Mfthdn Ndgd, 






. Caret, 




1 


Tablung Ndgd, 






, Caret, 




Khdri Ndgd, . 






Caret, 




■^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, 






Caret. 




■^. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 






Caret, 




1 


Nowgong Ndgd, 






Caret, 




■i; 


Tengsa Ndgd, 






Caret, 




1 


Abor Miri, . 






Caret, 




Sibsdgar Miri, 






Caret, 




■^j 


Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 






Caret, 
Caret, 




1 


' Burman {7vritttn\ 




Ba. 




^ 


Burman (spoken). 




Caret. 




■1 


Khyeng v. Shou, 




Caret, 




*■ 


Kdmi, 




Caret. 




1 


Kiimi, . . . 






Caret, 




1 


Mni V. Toung, 






Caret. 




J: 


Sdk, . . . 
' Talain v. Mon, 






Caret, 
Hpa. 




.s 


Sgau-karen, . 






Ler-koung (?). 




Pwo-karen, . 






Ler-koung, 




1 


Toungh-thu, . 






Caret, 




^ 


Shdn, . . . 






Mai, 




En ■ 


Annamitic, . 






Kyang-ko. 




h 


Siamese, . . 






Caret, 






Ahom, . . . 






Caret. 




io 


Khdmti, . . 
Laos, . . . 

Ho (Kol), . 






Caret, 
Caret, 

Kai-tainredo, 






Kol (Singhbhurr 


0, 




Bdnod, 






Santdli, . . 






Bdnuh (= is not), begar. 






Bhdmij, . . 






Caret, 






Urdon, . . 






Ni, 






Mundala, . . 






Sdmd, 






Rdjmahali, . 






Walo, 






Gondi, . . . 






BahrOy big&r. 




.^ 


Gayeti, . . 






Caret, 




1 


Rutluk, . . 






Caret, 




s 


Naikude, . . 






Caret. 




1 


Kolami, . . 






Caret. 




a 


Mddi, . . . 






Caret. 




NJ 


Mddia,. . . 
Kuri, . . . 
Keikddi, . . 
Khond, . . 
Sdvara, . . 
Gadaba, . . 
Yerukala, . . 
Chentsu, . . 

' Tami], anc, . 
Tamil, mod., . 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod. 
Telugu,' . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 


> 




Caret, 

Caret, 

Beilu, 

Caret, 

Yejja, 

Vuregusu. 

Yilladote. 

Navundnai. 

-anri, 

'illdmal. 

Caret, 

-illdte, -kii(dte, 

'Ikkundd, 

Card, 




»N 


Karndtaka, mod. 


» • 




Mlade, 




Tuluva, . . 






'horata. 






Kurgi, . . . 






Caret, 




•| 


Toduva, 
Toda, ; . 






Caret, 




«l 






-allade. 






K6ta, . . . 






-allade. 






Baraga, . . 






-allade. 






Kurumba, . 






-allade. 






Irala, . . . 






-adalla. 






Malabar, . . 






-vittUy allathUy indi. 






Sinhalese,. . 






-ndtua. 



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I02 



OUI— JA— YES— DA— ITA. 



[chap. III.— adverbs, etc. 



Types. 

(Sanskrit, 
'§, (Arabic, . 






1 
i 



I' 



I 



I 



I 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, K^ama, 
Malay, . . . 

< Chinese, Nankin, 

Chinese, Pekin, 

Chinese, Canton, 

Chinese, Shanghai, 

Amoy, Colloquial, 

Japanese, 

Brahul, . 

Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, . 
Tibetan (vnittefi), 
Tibetan (j^iwi ), 

'Serpa, . . 

Siinwdr, . 

Gdning, . 

Miirmi, . 
Magar, 

Th^ksya, . 

Pdkhya, . 
Newir, 

Limbu, . 

'Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya,. 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
BdM, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
DiSmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denw^, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru,. . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



Bd4ham, 
Naaniy dwa^ bda. 

Bat. 

On {= it is). 
fgm. 
Eva, 
Wayhi. 
He. 
Mun, 
Inu. 
lya. 
Jnggih. 
Behkan, 

Shu 

Shik. 

Hoi. 

Si, chidnsL 
He^ hai, ha, 

Handon, 

Syo. 

Da-mos. 

In, 

Zyi. 

Gnowdy gno, 

Bu 

Gnor, 

Caret. 

Fn. 

In, 

Mat. 
Wot. 

Minnd, yd. 
HOy le-au. 
Hin. 
Hoho. 

Khau^ dorong. 
Ok. 

Angd. 
Ou, at. 
Ang'gna. 

Ye, yd. 
Le, ho. 
Hanan, Oy d. 
Ihki. 

Time. 

Ye. 

Misty bii. 
Moko. 

Ye. 

Ye. 
H^ne. 

Ye, inchh^ngy ingnd. 
Anmd. 

Goy ani md. 

Hatiratiy gOy imchang-bd. 

Ho, 
Te. 

Khy^. 
Card. 

MOy Ilk. 

Dik-say nom. 
Ahy an, 
A'ydbakiho, 
Ndhibd. 

Aky euk. 
Tdpy in. 



Bodo, . 
Dhirodl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

Munipuri,. 
Mfthin Ndgd, . 
TablungNdgi, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgi,. 
Nowgong N^^ 
Tengsa Ndg^ . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibs^gar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



Burman {writun), 
Bimnan {spoken), , 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, . . 
Kdmi, . . 
MnS v. Toung, 
Sdk, . . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khimti, . 
Laos, . . 



rHo(Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhi 
Santilij 
Bhdmij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . 
Mddia,. 
Kuri, . 
Keikddi, 
Khoi^d, 
Sdvara^ 
Gadaba, 
Yerukaia, 
Chentsu, 



lum), 



Tamij, anc, 
Tamij, mod, 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod., 
Telugu, . . . 
Kam^taka, anc, 
Kar^d^aka, mod., 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, I 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Iruja, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese,. 



OngOy ong-thdrgo, 

Heyjeng. 

Hen, 

Hd. 

Card. 

Hoi. 

Vai. 
Aiya. 
Hau. 
E. 

Idanga. 
Au. 
Ho, 
In. 

U. 

Hoi. 

Raia. 

Hotkhe. 

HokhCy hot'kai, 

A-hi, 

Ta-koM. 

Ndn, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Tot-kwai, 

Moy pta-liy meye, 

Mwai, 

Mwd, 

Htsouk'hi. 

Phai, 

Tseny khd. 

Khewo. 

Tsau, 

Tsaiy men. 

Eya. 
Hatty ho. 
Hung, hOy ho-iy 
Hong. 
Hdh, 
Hdhyho. 
Onon, ho. 
Hin^y inge. 
Card. 
Card. 
Card. 
Card. 
Card. 
Card, 
Card. 
Ambo, 
Vujje. 
JddUe. 
Vom. 
Ambo. 
Schchhdy hoy yd. 

Card. 

Am. 

Card. 

Atey itwa. 

Avunu. 

Card, 

Hatidu. 

And. 

Akku, 

Card. 

Ha. 

Ha. 

Ha, 

Haudu. 

A'ma. 

A'my om. 

Ou. 



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CHAP. III.— ADVERBS, ETC] 



HIER-GESTERN-YESTERDAY-VCHERA.-HERI. 



JO3 



^ ^^' 


1 (Sanskrit, .... ByaA, 


^ (Arabic, . . 








Amsy imbdrich. 


s 


Bask, . . . 

Finnic, . . 
Magyar, . . 








Atzo. 
Eilen, 
Tegnap. 


^ 


Turkish, . . 








Dun. 


1 


Circassian, . 








Boghaz, 


1 ■ 


Georgian, . 








Gushin. 


1 


Mongolian, , 








t/tsek-eduK 


1 


Mantshu, . 








Sikse. 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 




Wingi. 




Javanese, Krama, . 




Wingi. 




Malay, . . . . 




Kalamdri. 




^ Chinese, Nankin, , 




Tsoh-flh. 


b« 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Tso-jih. 




Chinese, Canton, 




Tsok-yat. 


t 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Dzo-nich, 


■^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Chd'jit 




Japanese, . 








Saku-dsitsu^ sakusichu. 


Brahd, . 








Daro. 


^ 


' Gydmi, . 








HoU'the, 


g 


Gydrung, . 








Ptisy^r. 


* 


Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . . 








Ddng 
Ydhd, 


« - 


Thochd, . 








Narr, 


1 


Sokpa,. . 








Nokhor. 


Horpa, . 








Naga, dwesni. 


1 


Tibetan {written). 






Uddng 


B 


, Tibetan (spoken), 
Serpa, . . . 






Ddng. 
Ddng, 


-;:f. 


Sdnwdr, . 








. Sindti. 


1 


Gtirung, . 








. Tela. 


^ 


MiSrmi, . 








. Tiid. 


1- 


Magar, 








Ttsyengmi. 


^ 

•^ 


Thiksya, . 








Kemichuru 


1 


Pdkhya, . 








, Hijo. 


^ 


New^, 
Limbu, . 








Mhigo. 
MeHma. 


Kir^ti, . 








Akhomdng, 




Rodong, . 








Ase. 




Riingchenbung, 






Akhomdng, 




Chhingtingya, 






A'sinda, 


} 


Ndchhereng, . 






Aspa. 


WdHng, . . 








Ase, akomang. 


^ 


Ydkha, . , 








Achhm. 


1 


Chourdsya, 








Saiso, 


S- 


Kulungya, 








npa. 


1* 


Thulungya, 








. Bdsta. 


^ 


Bdhingya,. 








, Sanam'ii, 




Lohorong, 








, A'Sdy dsen^ Orsye. 


Lambichhong 


"> 






. Asm, 


5^ 


Bdldli, . . 

Ddmi, . . 
Khiling, . 
Dungmili, 

Ddrhi, . . 








. Ye-md. 
. A-th^d, 
. Amcski, 

Amiske. 

Ase, 

. Kdia, 


1 


Denwdr, . 








. Kd-lH 


^ 


Pahri, . . 








, Mi'Zye. 


'^ 


Cheping, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
VAyu, . . 
Kuswar^ . 
Kusunda,. 








. Yon. 

Mi4ya, 
. Ti-jof^. 
, Kal'hai. 

Bindgd. 
. Bydhatu 


Lepdut(Snckira), 




Ibsso. 




BfaiitMT.L] 


»5 


•» 




. JOdcbL 



t 

f 



«»5 



4; 



I 



«^ 



b 
•^ 



l>3 



I 

li 



I 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichiri, 

' Munipuri, 
Mfthin Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgi, 
KhdriNdgi,. 
Angdmi Ndg^ 
Ndmsing Ndg^ 
Nowgong N^;d, 
Tengsa Ndgi, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . 
Burman {written), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, . 
KiSmi, . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sik, . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
KMmti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhum), 

Santili, 

Bhiiraij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali, 

Gondi,. 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Midi, . 

MMa, 

Kuri, . 

Keikidi, 

Khoijd, 

Sdvara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukaia, 

Chentsu, 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malayilma, anc, 
Malaydjma, mod. 
Telugu,* . . 
Karnd^aka, anc, 
Rar^taka, mod., 
Tuluva, 
KuTgi, . 
To^uva,) 
Toija, ; 
Kdta, . 
Badaga, 
Kuromba, 
Inija, . 
Malabar, 
Snhalese, 



Mia. 

Anji. 

Kal-gatorkalya (?). 

Mi'Vai. 

Mia-sanche. 

Hai-yeng. 

Manyi. 

Manyu 

Hashi. 

Koshe. 

Maja, 

Yashi. 

OH. 

Milo. 

Mdoho. 

Dupuroni. 

Mani. 

Yamanne. 

Yamanne^ mor-na-ga. 

Yam-ta. 

Ya-d^im. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Ld-korfia. 

M'haJu 

Ler-murgah. 

Md-ha. 

Morwa. 

Hdm-qtia. 

Ma-wa-ni, wa^ wan. 

Poi. 

Mangd. 

Caret. 

Hold. 

Hald. 

Haldy haldng. 

Hald. 

Chelo. 

Hald{holaf). 

Chewr. 

Nadi^ nara^ khai. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Card. 

Card. 

Card. 

Card. 

Card. 

Ninnd. 

Card. 

Amanni. 

Mimle. 

Nesu yenndyi. 

Kdyily porusd. 

Nerunal. 

NH(u. 

Card. 

Innale. 

Ninna. 

Card. 

Ninne. 

Kode. 

Nenne, ninndndu. 

Enner. 

Enner. 

Ner. 

Ninne. 

Ninne. 

Ndu. 

Ndtu. 

TyL 



Digitized by 



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I04 



AIR— LUFT— AI R— VOZDUKH— AER. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



Types, 




1 


Bodo, 


Bdr, nokhorong. 




•« (Sanskrit, . . . . 


Antarikshay vyoman^ vdyu^ 


1. 


Dhimil, . . . . 
Kocch, . . . . 


Birima^ bhirma, 
, Batds, 




|, (Arabic, . . 




Hawd, \gc^cif}f^i dkdsa. 


'^ 


Garo, 


. Lampdr, 




•s 


Bask, . . . 




Aire, 


■k 


Kichdri, . . . . 


. Bar, 






Finnic, . . 




lima. 




Munipuri, . . . 


, Nungsit, 






Magyar, . . 




Leg. 


} 


Mfthdn Ndgi, . . 


Rangben, 




> 


Turkish, . 




Caret, 


TablungN^d, . . 


Wang-yak. 




1 


Circassian, 




Shuey, 


KhdriNdgd,. . . 


Aning. 






Georgian, 




Caret. 


■^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


. Tikhe. 




Mongolian, . 




Ki, kd. 


^ 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 


. Pong, 




c 


Mantshu, 




SukduHy apka. 




Nowgong Ndgd, 


Mabung. 






Javanese, Ngoko, . . 


Angin. 


f^ 


Tengsa Ndgi, . . 


Mapung, 






Javanese, Krama, . . 


Angin, 


g 


Abor Miri, . . 


Asar, 






Malay, .... 


Angin. 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 


. Esdr, 




.^ 


' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 


K'i. 

Ch'i. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 
^Singpho, . . . 


. Bent. 
. Mabung, 




Chinese, Canton, . 


Hi. 


•§■ 


' Burman {written). 


. Le. 




Chinese, Shanghai, 


Ti-chi (earth-air). 


s 


Burman {spoken), , . 


. Le.ld. 




^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


K'i. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. Kec. 






Japanese, . . . 


Kukiy kaza. 


*- 


Kimi, .... 


. Ga4i, 










« 


Kdmi, .... 


. A-li. 




Brahuf, . 




, Caret, 


1 


MnS v. Toung, . 


. Ra4i, 




1 


' Gydmi, 




Sphun, 


^ 


Sik, .... 


. Mwi-ya-he. 




Gydrung, . 




. Tali, 




Talain v. Mon, . 


, Kya, 




h 


Tdkpa, . 




. Rhot. 


£ 


Sgau-karen, . . 


, Kdli, kit. 






Mdnyak, . 




Merdah, 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. Li, 




Thochd, . 




Mozyu. 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. , Ta-ii. 




1 


Sokpa, . 




. Sdlki. 




Shdn, . . . . 


. , Lonma, 




Horpa, 




. Pury{t, 


Annamitic, . . 


. . Khi, 




1 


Tibetan {written), . 


^sungma, rlungma. 


Siamese, . . . 


Lon^ iom. 




2 


Tibetan {spoken), . . 


. Shdkpd, Ihakpd, 


5 
•2 


Ahom, . . . . 


. . Lorn. 








Co 


Khdmti, . . . 


. . Lorn, 






' Serpa, 


Lungho, 




Laos, .... 


. . Lorn, 




^ 


Slinwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Miimni 




, Phase. 
Ndng mro. 
Lhdbd. 


- 


' Ho (Kol), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 


. . Hoyo, 
, , Hoiyo, 




1 


Magar, . 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, . 




NaMsiH, 




Santili, . . . 


. . Hoye, chat (sky). 


haeddt 




. Nammar. 

Baydio, 
. Phai. 

S/itntnit 




BhUmij, . . . 
Urdon, . . . 
Mundala, . . . 
Rijmahali, . . 


. . Hoyo, 
. . Thdkd. 
. . Hoyoh, 
. . Tdke, tdphe. 


[(wind) 


W — "— > 




> KjUrrtfnf'*, 




Gondi, . . . 


. , Bdribd itd, wadi. 






' Kiriinti, . 




. JIak. 


.« 
•§ 


Gayeti, . . . 


. . Wadi, 






Rodong, . 




, Jfy± 


^ 


Rutluk, . . . 


Wadi-uiadi, 






Riingchenbung, . . 


. Hik, hak. 


•^ ^ 


Naikude, . . . 


. . Gdii, 






Chhingtdngya, . . 


. Hinima, 


"g 


Kolami, . . . 


. . Gdii, 




•c- 


Ndchhereng, . . . 


. Hi, i. 


U 


Mddi, .... 


Wadi wadigu. 




•^ 


Wdling, . 




Him'ma, hak. 




Mddia, . . . 


. . Wadi, 




< 


Ydkha, . 




, Hig' 7va-phdky hiMgwa. 




Kuri, .... 


. . Koyo, 




1 


Chourdsya, 




Phurim, 




Keikddi, . . . 


. Gdii, . 




Kulungya, 




. Hik-pa, 




Khond, . . . 


. Biiiu, 




t' 


Thulungya, 




. lu. 




Sdvara, . . . 


Ringe, 




(^ 


Bdhingya, . 




. A 




Gadaba, . . . 


Gamvdyi. 




« 


Lohorong, 




. Hiwd-bd, higu'd-phak. 




Yerukala, . . 


, Gdii, 




g 


Lambichhong 


> 


Him-md. 




Chentsu, . . . 


. Baids. 




i? 


BdMli, . . 




Huwdpa, huivd-ma. 




' Tamil, anc, . . 


. Kdl 






Sdng-pdng, 




Him'mdy heu. 




Tamil, mod., . . 


. KdttUy wdyu. 






Ddmi, . . 




. Huh'-u, hii-u. 




Malaydlma, anc, 


. . Caret, 






Khdling, . 




. /hung. 




Malaydlma, mod.. 


. Kdtta, 






Dungmdli, 




Hcuky himma. 




Telugu,' . . . 


, Gdii, 




.^ r D^rhi. . . 




Batds. 




Karndtaka, anc, 


, Eiaru. 




1 


Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 




Bdtds, 
. Phu-sd. 


.« 

"§ 
^ 


Karndtaka, mod., 
Tuluva, . . 


, Ghdii. 
. Ghdii, 




i 


Cheping, . 
Bhrimu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thini, . . 




. Md-H^, 
A-si, 

Httjum^ hojum. 
Batds. 
Kdi, 
Baydr, 


i 


Kurgi, . . . . 
Toduva,) . . 
Toda, 1 . . 

K6ta, 

Badaga, . . . , 
Ku rumba, . . 
Iruja, .... 


Bdna, kdtiu. 
. Kott. 
. Kdtu. 
. Gdie, 
. Glai. 
. Gdii, 
, Kdiu. 




Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


Sagmat. 




Malabar, . . . . 


. Akayam, 






Bhiitini v. U 


lopa, . 


Ling. 




^Sinhalese, . . . 


. Bhiivana. 





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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



FOURMI—AMEISE— ANT— MURAVEI— FORMICA. 



105 



Types. 



•c (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



1 

i 



^ 






'^ 



2 



I 



f 
3 



"1 

I 






«^ 



Bask, .... 
Finnic, . . . 
Magyar, . . . 
Turkish, . . . 
Circassian, . . 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Caret. 



Pipllikdy vamri, 
NamL 

Chingurri^chindurriy inurri, 

Muurainen. 

Hangya, 

Karinja, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Sirgolichin, 

Caret, 

Semut, 

Seniut, 

Samut, 

r, 
r, 

Ngai, 
Mo-ni, 
Kaii-hid. 
Art, 



Gydmi, . . . 
Gydrung, . . . 
Tdkpa, . . . 
Minyak, . . . 
Thochd, . . . 
Sokpa, .... 
Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan (written), 
Tibetan {spoken), . 

Serpa, . . . . 

Siinwdr, . . . 

Gdrung, . . . 

Mdrmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Lirabu, . . . 



' Kii4nti, . . . 

Rodong, . . . 
Rdngchenbung, . 

Chhingtdngya, . 

Ndchhereng, . . 

Wiling, . . . 

Yikha, . . . 

Chourdsya, . . 

Kulungya, . . 

Thulungya, . , 

Bdhingya, . . . 

Lohorong, . . 

Lambichhong, . 

Bdldli, . . . . 

Sdng-pdng, . . 

DiSmi, . . . . 

KMling, . . . 

Dungmdli, . , 

f Ddrhi, . . . . 

Denwir, . . . 

Pahri, . . . . 

Chep^g, . . . 

Kir^u, . . . 

Vdyu, . . . . 

Ktiswar, . . . 
Kusunda, . 

TMni,» . . . 






Mai'thun, 

Ko-rok, 

Rhok-po, 

Ba-rah, 

Tu-khrd, 

KJwro-khwe, 

^khro, 

Grcfg?na. 

Thomd. 

Rhunmd, 

Ragmachi, 

Chiji, 

Syouri, 

Mhdr. 

Na(o, 

Krimula, 

Into, 

Sikc/iemba, 

Sdchakdva, 
Chlkarepa, 

Sdchakdwa, chikyang, 
Pongkharok, 
Chhdmpaiy^, 
Chhikydng, 
Khelek, khelem, 
Po urung'ma, pworum'm, 
Khdlem, 
Khdlim, 

Gdga c/timmo, gdgdchingmo, 
Poftg-khoroky yangkhrepd. 
Pang khorok, ya-khrepd. 
Yd khlepa, 

Chhdmphaluy champa-Ieu, 
Chikd-repL 
Grdkmo, 
Chig-ydng. 

Cheunta, t-seu-n-ta, 
Cheu-tiy t'SeU'ti, 
Mig-za, 

A-nap. 

Chiki-buUa, 

Kimilu 

Pyai-ki, 

Dokd. 

Kyomd, 



t 
f 

f 

■I 



^ 









h 



I 



r Bodo, Hdsd-braiy mocha-rdm, 

I Dhimil, Nhd-mui. 

-j Kocch, Nuti'pipara, 

Garo, Gongd, sdmbiir. 

[ Kichdri, Caret, 



' Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgi, . 
TablungNdgi, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndinsdng Ndgi, 
NoAvgong N^d, 
Tengsa Ndgi, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsigar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, 



Kukcheng, 

Tiksd, 

Tikhd, 

Hung-zah, 

Hache, 

Tsip-chak, 

Mochd, 

Mathdn, 

Mirang, 

Merdng, 

Chi-mechi. 



O 



Singpho, Gagin, 

' Burman (written), . . Parwak-chhit, 

Burman (spoken), . . . Paynet-seik^ panaet, 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Lhing-sd-mi, 

Kimi, Ba-lin. 

Kdmi, Pa4in, 

Mrd V. Toung, . . . Loung-tsa-ring-jd, 

Sik, Phun-si'gyd, 

' Talain v. Mon, . . . Khantol, 
Sgau-karen, .... Ter^ ta-ghi-sau, 
Pwo-karen, .... Tung, 

Toungh-thu, .... ITtung. 

Shin, Mot. 

Annamitic, .... Kiht, 

Siamese, Mot, 

Ahom, Nyuchu. 

Khdmti, Mot. 

Laos, Mot^ pttak. 

Ho(Kol), .... Mdir. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Mui. 

San til i, Muihy muni, upi (white and 

Bhdmij, Mue. [winged). 

Urion, Poh, 

Mundala, Munj, 

Rijraahali, .... Pok, 

Gon^i, T^oZ/tf (black) ; ^^// (white). 

Gayeti, Pate (bl.) ; alu (wh.). 

Rutluk, Diwar (wh.). 

Naikude, Simdl (bl.) ; sedal (wh.). 

Kolami, Shimel i^\,) ) sedal (yth). 

Midi, CAtttti (h\.);ye/am,nusu{w,). 

Midia, Caret. 

Kuri, CAd/i (bl.) ; m'nder (wh.). 

Keikidi, Caret. 

Khond, Caret, 

Sivara, Pobo, 

Gadaba, Gusd/d. 

Yerukala, Chima, 

Chentsu, Peppi4i. 

Tamil, anc, .... Uravi. 

Tamij, mod., . . . . Erumbul^\,)',karaiydn{y(,). 

Malayilma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malayilma, mod., . . Irumba. 

Telugu,* Chima i^\.)\chedtiUu{^\i,). 

Karnitaka, anc, . . Caret, 

Kanjijaka, mod., . . Irivi. 

Tuluva, Pijin. 

Kurgi, Caret. 

Toijuva,) .... Erbb. 

Toija, j . . . . Erb. 

Kdta, Irbe. 

Baraga, Irupu. 

Knnimba, .... Irupu. 

Irula, Irumbu, 

Malabar, Erumbu. 

Snhalese, Kumbiyd. 



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io6 



FLECHE—PFEIL— ARROW— STRYELA—SAGITTA. 



[CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 



Types. 

I (Sanskrit, 
I, (Arabic, 



1 









K 



s 



I 



t 
I 



I 

I 



<^ 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

mongouan, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Kiama, 

Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahul, 

' Gyimi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochtl, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {vnitien)^ 
Tibetan (i^to&»), 

Serpa, . 

Sdnwdr, 

Gtirung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

P^khya, 

New^, 

limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhmgtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, • 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichbong, 
BdldH, . . 
Sdng-p^g, 
Ddmi, . • 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhtitdni v. Lhopa, 



\tragaz. 



Sdyaka^ bdna^ fara, ishu, 
Sahm. 

Gueziy isto^ sayeia. lutzi 

Nuoli. 

Nyii, 

Ok. 

Bzty. 

Isari. 

Somon. 

Niru. 

Pannah. 

Jemparing. 

Anak-pdnak. 

Tsien. 

Chien. 

Tsin. 

Tsien. 

Ch\n. 

YaJ 

Sum. 

Chen. 

Ki'pi. 

Mid. 

Md. 

Jdh. 

Selime. 

\Jd. 

yidha. mddh. 

Da. 

Dd. 

Bid. 

Myd. 

Myd. 

Myd. 

Tume. 

Kddha. 

Bd'ld. 

Tong. 

Me. 

Bhe. 

Bhye, bhe, uhhe. 

FhesHk^ phesw-k. 

Be4. 

Be, bhe. 

PisUi.pishiJe. 

Bio. 

Beiy be-i. 

Neple. 

Bid. 

Phe, tMik-ldy nobe. 

Thuk4a,phd,pheh\ 

JTiuk'ld. 

Sebi. 

Niimii'4y no-mo-wa. 

Selmo. 

Pe. 

Kdnr. 

Kdnr. 

Bdrd. 

U. 

Pd-rd. 

Sdr, bio. 

Sdr. 

Muyu. 

Khdndha. 

Chong. 
Dd. 



I 



I 






^ 









^ 



=1 

I 



•5 



Bodo, . . 




Bald. 


Dhimdl, . 




Kher, tlr. 


Kocch, . 




Tir, 


Garo, . . 




Phe-e. 


Kichdri, . 




Bola-kdrai. 


' Munipuri, . . . . 


Tel, 


MfthdnNigi, . . . 


Sdn. 


TablungN^d, . . . 


Ld'han. 


KhdriNdg^. . . . 


Takaba. 


Angdmi Nigd, . . . 


Thiwu. 


Ndmsdng Ndgi, . . . 


Latchan, 


Nowgong N^d, . . 


Lasang. 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . . 


Lasan. 


Abor Mfri, . . . . 


Epuk. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . . 


Epug. 


Deoria Chutia, . . . 


A'td. 


Singpho, 


Peld. 


' Burman {written), . . 


Ura. 


Burman (spoken), . . , 


Mydy hmya. 


Khyeng v. Shou, . . 


Thwd. 


Kilrni, 


Li. 


Kiimi, 


LUd'U 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


Sa, qwd4. 


Sdk, 


To-li-mald. 


' Talain v. Mon, . . 


Lau, 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Plah, khli. 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Plah. 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


Pla. 


Shdn, 


Pen. 


Annaniitic, . . . 


, Thi. 


Siamese, .... 


. Tsdn^ luk'Son. 


Ahom, 


Lent. 


Khdmti, .... 


Lim. 


Laos, 


LempUr, 


•Ho(Kol), . . . 


Sar. 


Kol (Singhbhum), . 


Sdrh. 


Sant;^h*, .... 


Sdr^jhampd. 


Bhtimij, 




Sdrh. 


Urdon, 




Chdr. 


Mundala, 




Sddr. 


Rdjmahali 




Chdr. 


Gondi, 




. TirJiyatiStr. 


Gayeti, 




. Tlr. 


Rutluk, 




Caret. 


Naikude, 




. Tir. 


Kolami, 




Murre. 


Midi, . 




. /Cddi, Mm. 


Midia, 




. Kddi. 


Kuri, . 




. Tir. 


Keikddi, 




Tirkamtd. 


Khond, 




Pinju. 


Sdvara, 




. Am. 


Gadaba, 




. Sonai. 


Yerukala, 




. Yikke. 


Chentsu, 


. ., . . 


. KondUy kdnd. 


' Tamil, anc 


f . . . 


. Kand. 


Tamij, mod 


. Ambu. 


Malaydlma, anc, 


. Caret. 


Malaydjnia, mod., . 


. Amba. 


Telugu, .... 


, BdnamUy ambu. 


Kara^t^dca, anc, 


, Saralu. 


Kar^dtaka, mod., . 


. Ambu. 


Tuluva, .... 


. Biru. 


Kurgi, 


. Caret. 


Toduva,) . . . 
Toda, 1 . . . 


. Caret. 


. Abu, 


K6ta, ..... 


. Ambe. 


Badaga, .... 


. Ambu. 


Kurumba, . . . 


. Ambu. 


Inila, 


. Ambu. 


Malabar, .... 


. Ambu, kanriy at-thiram^ 


Sinhalese, 


. . . . 


. Sara, igaha. [pasam. 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



OISEAU— VOGEL— BI RD— PTITSA— AVIS. 



107 



1 

I 



I 



I 



Types, 

•« (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 



Bask, .... 
Finnic, . . . 
Magyar, . . . 
Turkish, . . . 
Circassian, . . 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . , . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochti, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {^vritun), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
Sdnwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Miinni, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newir, 
Limbu, 

Kirinti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourisya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, , , 
Denwir, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrlmu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Knswar, • 
EuSunda,* 

Lq)dia (l^kldin)^ . 



I 



I 



Vi (vedic), vayas^ pakshin. 
Hdyir, 

Chariy egazH, piztL 

Lintu, 

Madar, 

Rush, 

Bzu, 

TsilOy prinwdu 

Sibghon, 

Gaskha, 

Manut, 

Fetsi. 

Biirung, 

Nidou, 

Nidou, 

Niu. 

Tiau-niau, 

Chidu, 

Tori, 

Chuk, 

Sphiii-chhcr. 

Fye-pye, 

Pyd 

Hd 

Marwo. 

Thd-koL 

Gyo. 

Byu, 

Chyd 

Jhd, 

Chivdy chi'Vd 
Nemyd, 
Ndtnyd, 
Gwdjd, 
Nom'ya, 
Chd4a. 

Jliangp^ jhd-ngo, 
BH. 

Chongwd, 

Wdsa. 

Chhongwa, 

Wdsa, 

Chho wa, 

Chhong wd, 

Nua, nuawachi, 

Chak bwa, 

Chhowa, 

Chakpu, 

Chik'ba, 

Song'Wd, 

Nowa, 

Chhong^va, 

Chhon-wd, 

Sai'pu, 

Sai-po, 

ChhoT^'Wd, 

Chdri, 
Chdrdi, 

Bu-khincha^ bu-khin-cha, 
IVdy ftuhdy m(hwd, 
Jyd4ing. 

ChdH. 
Kotau. 
Chircd, 

Pho. 
BkyJL 



I 



I 

I 



4 



I 






Bodo, Dou<hen, 

Dhimdl, Jihd, 

Kocch, Pokhi. 

Garo, Tou-chap, 

Kdchdri, Dao too sen, 

'Munipuri, .... U'chek, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, , , , O, 
TablungN^^ . . . Ou-hd. 
Khdri Ndgi, .... Ozah, 

Angimi Ndgi, . . . Pard, 
Ndmsing N^i, , , , Vo, 
Nowgong Ndgi, . . Uzz. 
Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Uso, 

Abor Miri, .... Pettang, 

Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Pdtdng, 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Dud, 

Singpho, Wu, 

Burman (vrritun), , . Nghak, 

Burman (spokm\ , , . Ngluty hnget, 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Hau, 

Kdmi, Ka-vdy ta-vd. 

Kdmi, Ta-w^, 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Ta-wd. 

Sdk, IVd'sL 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Kha4en, 

Sgau-karen, .... To^ hto, hthu, 

Pwo-karen, .... Tu^ hioh, 

Toungh-thu, .... A-wa, 

Shdn, Hnot 

Annamitic, .... Shim, 

Siamese, IP not, nok, 

Ahom, Nuktu, 

Khdmti, Nok. 

Laos, Nok, 

'Ho(Kol), .... OL 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Oe. 

Santili, Chenc 

Bhdmij, Chme (chene f), 

Urion, Orak. 

Mundala, Ure, 

Rdjmahali, .... Puj, 

Gondi, Itte^pitte, 

Gayeti, Pitte. 

Rutluk, Pithe, 

Naikude, Pi^d, 

Kolami, Sidemugi, 

Midi, Pittd, paritta. 

Mddia, Pidhe, 

Kuri, Tilit, 

Keikddi, Piskd, kunju, 

Khond, Propd-manneru, 

Sdvara, OntL 

Gadaba, PiH, 

Yerukala, Kokku^ sogi4^, kunju, 

Chentsu, Chodai, 

Tamil, anc, .... Pul, 

Tamil, mod., .... Paravd, kuruvi, 

Malayilma, anc., . . Parva, 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Pakshi, parava, 

Telugu,* Pitta, 

Karadtaka, anc, . . Caret, 

Kar^d^aka, mod., . . Hakki, 

Tujuva, Pakki, 

Kurgi, PakJd. 

To^uva,) .... PuU, 

Toda, ) . . . . BiUi. 

Kdta, P€ke{pakhif), 

Ba<Jaga, Haldbu, 

Kufximbay ...» Hakibu, 

Irala, Pdkhi. 

Malabar, Kuruvi, puUu. 

Sinhalese^ KuruUd. 



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io8 



SANG— BLUT— BLOOD-KROV-SANGUIS. 



[CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 



to 
H5 



Types, 

(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



Asrij\ rudhiraj lohita^ 
Dumm. \sonita. 



> 

I 



K 
* 



•t: 



S 



f 

3 



4 

I 



I 



Bask, OdoL 

Finnic, Weri, 

Magyar, Ver, 

Turkish, Kan. 

Circassian, .... Kleh, 

Georgian, .... Siskhli, 
Mongolian, .... Tchison, 

Mantshu, .... Senggi, 
Javanese, Ngoko, . . Geiih, 

Javanese, Krama, . . Erah, 

.Malay, Ddrak, 

' Chinese, Nankin, . . Hiueh. 

Chinese, Pekin, . . Hsieh. 

Chinese, Canton, . . Hut. 

Chinese, Shanghai, . Hiiih. 

Amoy, Colloquial, . . Huih, 

Japanese, .... Chi, tshu 

Brahuf, Ditar, 

Gydmi, Sye. 

Gy^ng, Td-shL 

Tdkpa, Khrd. 

Minyak, Shdh. 

Thochd, Sdh. 

Sokpa, Khoro-give, 

Horpa, Sye, seh. 

Tibetan (writien)^ . . Khrdngy khrag. 

Tibetan {spoken), . . . Thak, 

Serpa, Thdk, 

Siinw^, IPsL 

Giirung, Koh. 

Miirmi, Kd. 

Magar, Hyii. 

Thdksya, Kd. 

Pdkhya, Ragat 

Newdr, Hi. 

limbu, Makhu 

Kirdnti, Hau. 

Rodong, Hi, hda, 

Riingchenbung, . . . Hd, htu. 

Chhingtingya, . . . Hd4i. 

Ndchhereng, .... Hi. 

Wdling, Hi,hd. 

Ydkha, He-l'la, he-l'wa. 

Chourdsya, .... Usu. 

Kulungya, .... Hi. 

Thulungya, .... Sisi. 

Bdhingya, .... Hiist, 

Lohorong, .... Hdri. 

Lambichhong, . . . Hdii. 

Bil^i, Heliu-wa, helwa. 

Sdng-pdng, .... Hi. 

DUmi, Hi. 

Khdling, Hi. 

Dungmdli, .... Hi. 

' Ddrhi, Rdgdt. 

Denwdr, Rdkfdi. 

Pahri, Hi. 

Cheping, We4, wi. 

Bhrdmu, Chi-wi. 

Vdyu, Vi. 

Kuswar, Rakti. 

Kusunda, Uyu. 

Thdru, Lohu. 

Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Vi. 

Bhiitini v. Lhopa, . . Thyak. 



I 



I 

I 

I 






h 

to 



I 



I 



Bodo, Thoi. 

Dhimil, Hiki, hitti. 

Kocch, Lohu. 

Garo, Chi. 

Kdchiri, Thai. 

Munipuri, ..../'. 

Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . A'ji. 

TablungNigd, . . . Ih. 

Khdri Ndgd, .... Ai. 

Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Unhi. 

Nimsdng Ndgd, . . . He. 

Nowgong Ndgd, . . Azii. 

TengsaNdgd, . . . Ai. 

Abor Miri, .... Yilpi-ui. 

Sibsfigar Miri, . . . lye. 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Chui. 

Singpho, Sai. 

Burman {written), . . Swe. 

Burman {spokm), . . . 'Yhwe. 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Ka-thi. 

Kdmi, A-thi. 

KUmi, A-thi. 

Mni v. Toung, . . . Wi. 

Sdk, Th/:. 



' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shin, . . . 
Annamitic, 



H'tsein. 

Athu'i, thwi. 

Thwi. 

Thway. 

Lit. 

Mdu. 



Siamese, Lit {le-dt),leuat. 

Ahom, Let. 

Khdmti, Liit. 

Laos, Leut. 

'Ho(KoI), .... My^m. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Myun. 

Santdli, Mdydm{pdchate=^\.o\A^^S). 

Bhiimij, Myun. 

Urdon, Khens. 

Mundala, Myun. 

Rijmahali, .... Kesu. 

Condi, Nattur, natur. 

Gayeti, Natur. 

Rutluk, Natur. 

Naikude, Neiur. 

Kolami, Natur. 

Mddi, Netur. 

Mddia, Kanhdntue. 

Kuri, Pachna. 

Keikddi, Natho. 

Khond, Rakko. 

Sivara, Miyamo. 

Gadaba, Yignam. 

Yenikala, Regam, vudaram. 

Chentsu, Lahu. 

Tamil, anc, .... Sennir. 

Tamil, mod., .' . . . Udiram, irattam. 

Malayilma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Chora. 

Telugu, Netturu. 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Kenniru. 

Kan?4taka, mod., . . Netturu. 

Tuluva, Nettar. 

Kurgi, Chore. 

Toduva,) .... Caret. 

Toda, J . . . . Bdch. 

Kdta, Netra. 

Badaga, Netru. 

Kurumba, .... Netaru. 

Irula, Latta. 

Malabar, Irat-tham, kuruthi. 

Sinhalese, Lh, 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



BATEAU— BOOT— BOAT— LODKA—NAVIS. 



109 



Types. 



\ (Sanskrit, 
Ǥ, (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kmma, 
Malay, . . . 



1 

I 



«{; 



S 



J 



I 
I 






I 

I 
I 



> 

« , 

•§ 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, . 
Gydrung, . 
Tikpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochti, . 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (writtm), 
Tibetan (spokm), 

Serpa, . 

Sdnwdr, 

Gdning, 

Milrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
WdUng, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bihingya, 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdlili, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Dilmi, . . 
Khiling, . 
Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denw^, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepkng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, 
Kusunda, . 
Thdnij. . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 



Udupay plava^ nau, kola, 
Merkab. \bhela, 

BarkCy harko^ bote, 
Wenhet, 
Csajka, ladik, 
Sandaly kdik. 
Caret. 
NavL 

Onghotcha, onto. 
Yakhoda, weikku, 
Prdu. 
Bahita. 
Sampan, prdu, 

Sidou chuen, 
Hsidou cHuen. 
Shiin-tsai, 
SiaU'Zen, 
Chun, 
Fune, kobune, 

Beiii. 

Si'tM. 

Bni, 

GfH, 

Gii. 

Phyd, 

SdkersH, 

Grd. 

Gru, 

Kod, syen. 

ThU. 

ZhUngd, 

Plava, 

nUngd. 

nangd. 

I'saba, 

Duga. 

Donga, 

Khombe, 

Ndva. 

Ndwa, 

Ndwa, 

Don^ga, 

D'itngga, 

JDung'ga, 

Diin^ga, 

Ghdg, 

Bo-kho. 

JDung'ga, 

Dunga, 

Dungga, 

LHinggd, 

Dunggd, 

Bakhon, 

Bdkhop^, 

Pokham, 

Dunga, 

Diingo, dun-go, 

DUnga, dun-ga, 

Don-ga, 

DUn-ga. 

Dun^. 

Dun-ga, 

Dun-ga, 

fVatf wou, 

Ndu. 

Navar, 



t 
I 






I 



k 
^ 



^ 
^ 



to 



Bodo, 


Nau,jhdk^ sorongp. 


Dhimdl, .... 


Ndwdr, 


Kocch, .... 


Nau, ghomau, soronga. 


Garo, 


Rung. 


Kichiri, .... 


Nao. 


'Munipuri, . . . 


Hi, 


Mfthin Ndgi, . . 


Khoa, 


Tablung Ndgi, . . 


Iseng, 


Khiri Ndgd, . . . 


Arong, 


Angdmi Ndgi, . . 


Ru, 


Ndrasdng Nigd, . . , 


Khuon-kho. 


Nowgong Ndgd, . . 


Su-rung, 


Tengsa Ndgi, . . . 


Lung 


Abor Miri, . . . . 


El-long, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . . 


Ol-lungd. 


Deoria Chutia, . . . 


Nu, 


Singpho, 


Li, 


' Burman {written), , , 


Lhe, 


Burman {spoken), . . 


Lhe, hid. 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Loung, 


Kdmi, 


ATloung, 


Kdmi, 


Ploung, 


MnS V. Toung, . . , 


Loung, 


Sdk, 


Hau, 


' Talain v. Mon, . . . 


irio. 


Sgau-karen, . . . . 


Kli, hkali. 


Pwo-karen, . . . , 


Kli, 


Toungh-thu, . . . . 


Phray, 


Shin, 


Ho, 


Annamitic, . . . , 


Ghe. 


Siamese, 


Roy reua. 


Ahom, 


. Ru, 


Khimti, .... 


Hii. 


.Laos, 


, Heu. 


'Ho(Kol), . . . 


Dhanga, 4unga. 


Kol (Singhbhum), . 


Dungd, 


Santili, .... 


Dhangd, 


Bhiimij, .... 


i>ungd. 


Urdon, .... 


Dongd. 


Mundala, .... 


Dongd. 


Rdjmahali, . . - 


. Ndve, 


Gondi, .... 


, Dongo, 


Gayeti, .... 


Caret. 


Rutluk, .... 


Caret. 


Naikude, .... 


, Caret. 


Kolami, .... 


, Caret. 


Midi, 


Caret. 


Mddia, .... 


Caret. 


Kuri, 


Caret. 


Keikddi, .... 


Card, 


Khond, .... 


Tekkinga. 


Sivara, .... 


Vo4d, 


Gadaba, 


Dona, 


Yerukala,. . . . 


Pa4ava, 


Chentsu, .... 


Ld, 


' Tamil, anc, . . . 


Pakada, 


Tamil, mod., . . . . 


04am^pa4agu, 


Malayilma, anc, . 


Caret, 


Malaydima, mod., . 


Vanji^ valiant. 


Telugu, 


Pa4ava. 


Kar^itaka, anc, . . 


Pdru, 


Karijdtaka, mod., . 


Dbni. 


Tujuva, 


04a, 


Kurgi, 


Card. 


To^uva, . . . . 
To<la, ; . . . . 


Caret, 


Caret, 


Kdta, 


Caret, 


Baijaga, 


Caret. 


Kuiumba, . . . . 


Caret. 


IniK 


Caret. 


Malabar, 


Thoniy odam, morak-kalam 


Sinhalese, 


Orua. 



Digitized by 



Google 



no 



OS-BEIN— BONE— KOST— OS. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



> 



Types, 



•5 (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



> 
1 



Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, . . . 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



1^ 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Card. 

. Kutho, 

. Sydrhu. 

. Rospd. 

. Riikkii. 

. Ripat, 

. Yd so. 

. Rerd. 

. Ruspa. 

. Ruko. 



Asthi^ klkasa, kulya, 
Aazm, 

Ezur, azur. 

Luu. 

Ksontok. 

Kemik, 

Fsha, kutsha. 

Dswali, 

Yason, 

Gizenggi. 

Balung. 

Balung. 

Tulang. 

Kuh. 

Ku. 

Kwat. 

Kweh'dm. 

Kut. 

Hone. 



11 

I 



Gydmi, . . , 

Gydrung, . . . 

Tdkpa, . . . 

Minyak, . . . 

Thochd, . . . 

Sokpa, . . . 

Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan \spokm\ . 

Serpa, . . . . 

Stinwdr, . . . 

Giirung, . . . 

Miirmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

Pikhya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



t 



I 



I 



J 

V 



I 



Kirinti, . . , 

Rodong, . . . 
Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, . 

Ndchhereng, . . 

Wdling, . . . 

Ydkha, . . . 

Chourdsya, . , 

Kulungya, . , 

Thulungya, . . 

Bihingya, . , 

Lohorong, . . 

Lambichhong, . 

Bdlili, . . . . 

Sdng-pdng, . . 

Dtimi, . . . . 

Khdling, . . . 

Dungm^i, . . 

Ddrhi, . . . . 

Denwdr, . . . 

Pahri, . . . . 

Chepdng, . . . 

Bhrdmu, . . . 

Vdyu, . . . . 

Kuswar, , . . 

Kusunda, . . . 

Thdru, . . . 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhdfini v. Lhopa, 



R^bd. 

R^he. 

Nitgri. 

Ndkhi. 

Misyd ros. 

NaH. 

Hd4, 

Kwe. 

Sayet. 

Saiba. 

Sar^wa^ sdrHwa. 

Sdyuba, y{twd. 

SdHik-wa, 

Thpriiy tupru. 

Sar^wa, saiwa. 

Seng-khokwa^ seng-kho^we. 

RUsii. 

Tapri, tapri. 

Sasar. 

Rise, ri-sye. 

Sydkawa. 

RUtk-wa. 

SdtuprH. 

Tum-bu-rup, sd-tumburH. 

Sal^y solo. 

Solo. 

Sur-wd^ sd-fH-wd. 

Had. 

Hdd. 

Ku-sd. 

Rhus. 

Wot. 

R^. 

Hadh. 

Gou. 

Hd4. 

Arhet, 
Ruiok. 



I 



I 



4 






Bodo, Begeng. 

Dhimil, ffara,hdr{hd4Ti. 

Kocch, Harwd {haifwd /). 

Garo, Kereng. 

Kdchdri, Caret. 

Munipuri, .... Surru. 

MfthinNdgd, . . . Rha. 

TablungNdgi, . . . Wan. 

Khdri Ndgd, .... Caret. 

Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Uru. 

Nimsing Ndgd, . . . A'rdh. 

Nowgong N^^ . . Terap. 

Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Telet. 

Abor Miri, .... A' long. 

Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Along. 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Pichong. 

Singpho, Nrdng. 

Burman {written), . . Aro. 

Burman {spoken), . . . Ayo. 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Ka-yok. 

Kimi, Ahu. 

Kdmi, Ahu, 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Ahot. 

Sik, Amza. 






Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shin, . . . 
Annamitic, 



ITtsot. 

Khiy akhhui. 

Khwi. 

irtsot. 

Sot. 

Xt^o'ng. 



r 



I 

i 



Siamese, Katot, kaduk. 

Ahom, Tau. 

Khdmti, Nuk. 

Laos, Duk. 

Ho(Kol), .... Jang. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Jdng. 

Santili, Jdng. 

Bhdmij, Jdng. 

Urdon, Khochal. 

Mundala, J^^' 

Rdjmahali, .... Kochal. 

Goij^i, HadCy padeka. 

Gayeti, Padekd. 

Rutluk, Hada, padekd. 

Naikude, Bokkdl. 

Kolami, Bokka. 

Midi, BokairOy padekd. 

Mddia, Atkd. 

Kuri, Hadi. 

Keikddi, . . . . . Zamkd. 

Khond, Pdsu. 

Sdvara, Ajdgna. 

Gadaba, Vondrdm-goyi. 

Yerukala, Yamaka. 

Chentsu, Ha4* 

Tamil, anc, .... Enpu. 

Tamil, mod., .... Elumbu. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malayijina, mod., . . Ella. 

Telugu, Emuka^ bokka. 

Kamdtaka, anc, . . Elume. 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Eluvu. 

Tujuva, Elu. 

Kurgi, Card. 

Toduva,) .... Card. 

Toda, j . ... Elf. 

K6ta, Yelave. 

Badaga, Yellu, illu. 

Kurumba, .... Zellu. 

Irula, Zdlambu. 

Malabar, Elumbu, at-thi. 

Sinhalese, Ate. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



BUFFLE— BUFFEI^BUFFALO— BUIVOL— BOS. 



Ill 



. Types. 

•^ (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



} 






^ 



* 



a 



I 






I 



Chinese, Nankin, 

Chinese, Pekin, 

Chinese, Canton, 

Chinese, Shanghai 

Amoy, Colloquml, 

Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gyimi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Minyak, , 
Thochd, . 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (vrntun), 
Tibetan (spokm), 

' Serpa, . 
Sdnwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Mdmai, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, . 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Rtingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wiling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khiling, . 

Dungmili, 

' Dirhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 

S£^' • 
i>nrainu, . 

Viyn,. . 

Knswar, . 

Thtei,. . 
Lepc&i (SOddmX * 



Mahisha^ kdsara^ sairibha^ 
Jdmous, \iuldya. 

Idi^ zezen. 

Metsaharka. 

Bival, 

Manda, 

Caret 

Kanbichu 

Khdinokh, 

Ikhan, 

Kebo. 

Mahesa, 

Karbau, 

Shwui-ni^, 

Shui-niti, 

Shui-ngau. 

S'-nieu. 

Sui-gu (water-cow). 

Saif sui-gui. 

Caret, 

Swi-nyH, 

Card. 

Caret. 

Dingmi. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Mdhi. 

Mdhe. 

Meshi. 

Mesye, 

Mdi. 

Mahi. 

Bhainsa. 

Mai. 

Bhainsa. 

Me. 

Sdwet. 

Sdnwd. 

Bdhira, maisi. 

Sdngwa. 

Sdngwa. 

Meisdy meis. 

Sdng wa. 

Sdn wa. 

Be-i'SO. 

Mesi. 

Mesi. 

Mese. 

Sdn-wa. 

Sdng'Wa. 

Sdng-wa\ 

Mesi. 

Mes. 

Mes. 

Sang-wd. 

Bhainsa. 

Bhainsi. 

Me-sd. 

Mi'Syd^ mi-sha. 

Bhai-sa. 

Mechho. 

Bhainsa. 

Mahi. 

Bhaisa, 

MM. 
MM 



t 


fBodo, 


. Mai'Sho. 


^ 


Dhim^, .... 


. Did. 


<^ 


Kocch, .... 


. Bhainsa^rdngdy sdralydhenu. 


<^ 


Garo, 


. Maishi. 


^ 


^Kdchdri, . . . . 


. Maisho. 




'Munipuri, . . . 


. Iroi. 


1 


MfthinNdgd, . . 


. Loi. 


TablungNdgd, . . 


. Teh. 


fit5 


Khiii Ndgi, . . . 


. Apang. 


"^ 


Angimi Ndgd, . . 


. Rati. 


•1. 


Ndmsing Ndgi, . . 


. Le. 




Nowgong Ndgd, 


Chang. 


<<; 


Tengsa Nigi, . . 


. Tyangijyangt). 


? 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. Menjek. 


1 


Sibsigar Miri, . . 


. Menjeg. 


't) 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


. Me. 




Singpho, . . . . 


. Ngd. 


"1 


' Burman {wH/^m), 


. Kwye. 


;t 


Burman {spoken), . . 


. Kyuey kuwai. 


<^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


, Nau. 


*■ 


Kdmi, 


, Ma-na. 


« 


Kdmi, 


, Pan-no. 


^ 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


. Na. 


^Sik, 


. Kro. 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


, Paren. 


S 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


. P'nahypandypennd. 


,♦5 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


, Pnahy pdnd. 


§ 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


, Paynay. 


1 


Shdn, 


, Kwihn. 




Annamitic, . . . 


. Trdu. 


Siamese, .... 


. Khwa^ khwdi. 


.1 


Ahom, 


. Khrai. 


<o 


Khdmti, .... 


. Khwai. 




Laos, 


. Khwdi. 




'Ho(Kol), . . . 


. Karra (kd4a t). 




Kol (Singhbhum), . 


. Kedd. 




Santdli, .... 


. Kddd, bdydr, bit'kil, sdil 




Bhiimij, .... 


. Keda. [(wild). 




Urdon, .... 


. Mdnhhd. 




Mundala, .... 


. BhUkU. 




Rdjmahali, . . . 


. Mdnge. 




Gondi, .... 


. HdIiyd,boda{m,)',yedmi{L). 


1 


Gayeti, .... 


. Boda (m.) j zedmi (f.). 


1 


Rutluk, .... 


. BodaHm.y, ddami {$.). 


•3 ■ 


Naikude, .... 


. ffeiyd{m.)',chir(l). 


1 


Kolami, .... 


. Sir{iy 


a 


Midi, 


. Zeligdi (m.); zermt (f.). 




Mddia, .... 


. Adami. 




Kuri, 


. Butkil. 




Keikidi, .... 


. Hate (m.); Baremddu (£). 




Khond, .... 


. Ko4u. 




Sivara, .... 


, Bogndtel. 




Gadaba, .... 


Vontsani. 




Yerukala, .... 


, Barre. 




Chentsu, .... 


. Mohis. 




Tamil, ana, . . . 


. Kd4dn. 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


. Erumei. 




Malayilma, anc., 


. Caret. 




Malaydima, mod., . 


. Eruma. 




Telugu, .... 


, EnumUy barre, gide. 


, 


Kan;iit2Jta> anc., 


Caret. 


1 


Kanjki^aka, mod., . 


, Emme, k&na. 


Tujuva, .... 


. Erme. 


5 " 


Kuigi, 


. Pbri. 


« 


To^uva,) . . . 
To<Ja, ; . . . 


. Jr. 


J 


. Caret. 




Kdta, 


. Caret. 




Baraga, .... 


. Caret. 




Kurumba, . . . 


. Caret. 




iTttla, 


. Caret. 




Malabar, .... 


. Erumei. 


. 


Sinhalese,. . . . 


. Miharakd. 



Digitized by 



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112 



CHAT— KATZE—CAT— KOT— FELIS. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



. Types. 




} 


Bodo, . . 


. . . . Mouji. 


1 (Sanskrit, . . 
i IArabic, . . . 


. . OfUy mdrjdra^ vicfdla. 


Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 




. . . . Menkhau. 
. . . . Bilai. 
. . . . Myou. 


^ 


Bask, .... 


. . Katu. 


^ 


Kdchdri, 




. . . . Bilai. 




Finnic, . . . 


. . Kissa. 




' Munipuri, 


. . . . Houdotig, 




Magyar, . . . 


. . Makska, 


•nT 


Mfthdn Nigl 


, . . . Midh. 


> 


Turkish, . . . 


. . Kedi. 


1 


Tablung Ndg 


d, . . . Ami, 


1 


Circassian, . . 


. . Kettu. 


1 


Khdri Ndgd, 


. . . . Mochi. 


1 


Georgian, . . 


. . J^a/i. 


■^ 


Angdmi Ndgd 


L, . . . Nunno. 


Mongolian, . . 


. . Mighoi. 


•fc 


Nimsdng Nd^ 


jd,. . . Miang 


^ 


Mantshu, . . 


. . Kesike. 


1 


Nowgong Nd 


gd, . . Tanu, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 


. . Kuching. 


1 


Tengsa Ndgl 


. . . Meyau. 




Javanese, Krama, 


. . Kuching, 




Abor Miri, 


. . . . Mendari. 




Malay, . . . 


. . Kuching. 


"^ 


Sibsigar Miri 


, . . . Menkuri. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 


. . Mdau, 


Deoria Chuti 


a, . . . Midige. 


1- 


Chinese, Pekin, 


. . Mdou. 




Singpho, . 


. . . . Ningyau. 


Chinese, Canton, 


. Mdou. 




' Burman (writti 


m\ . . Krong. 


Chinese, Shanghai 


, . Mau, 


Burman {spokf^ 


n\. . . Kyaung 


<5 


Amoy, Colloquial, 


. Niaun, 


"^ 


Khyeng v. Sh 


ou, . . Min. 




Japanese, . . 


. Nekkk 


h- 


Kdmi, . . 


. . . . Mim-bO'i. 


"' 




Xt 


KUmi, . . 


. . . . Min-cho. 


Brahuf, . . . 


. . FisM. 


1 


Mni V. Toun| 


5, . . . Ta-myin. 


1 

(; 


Gydmi, . . . 


. . MaUf myau. 


^ 


.Sdk, . . 


. . . . Heing. 


Gy^ng, . . . 


. Tarhu, 




' Talain v. Moi 


1, . . . Pakway. 


h 


Tikpa, . . . 


Syimbti. 




Sgau-karen, 


. . . Thah-menyaWy mengaw. 


'v 


Minyak, . . . 


. McLchcu, 


Pwo-karen, 


. . . . Maing-yaw. 


•l . 


Thochd, . . . 


. Lochi. 


1 


Toungh-thu, 


. . . . Nym. 


! 


Sokpa, 


. SimL 


1 


Shdn, . . 


. . . . Myoung. 


Horpa, . . . , 


. Chiilah. 


t>. ' 


Annamitic, 


, . . . Meo. 


1 


Tibetan {written), . 


. Byila. 


• h 


Siamese, . 


. . . May, meau. 


g 


Tibetan (spokm), . . 


. Simi, 




Ahom, . . 


. . . . Men. 






^ 


Khdmti, . 


. . . Miau. 




Serpa, 


£tnno. 




Laos, . . 


. . . Meau. 




Siinwdr, . . . . 
Giirung, . . . . 
Miirmi, . . . . 


Bermo, 
. Nawdr. 
. Tdwar. 




'Ho(Kol), 
Kol (Singhbh 


. . . Pusi, billye. 
um), . . Bilai, 


1 
1 


Magar, . . . . 
Thdksya, . . . . 
Pdkhya, . . . . 
Newdr, . . . . 


. Suihu. 
. Nobar, 
. Billo. 
. Bhon. 




Santdli, . 
Bhdmij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 




. . . Pu^, totoh (wild). 

. . . Bilai. 

. . . Birkhay kudurdm (wild). 

. . . Pusi. 




Limbu, . . . . 


. Myong. 




Rijmahali, 
Gondi, . . 




. . . Berge. 
. . . Bi/d/. 




Kirdnti, . . . . 


. Myong. 


■i 


Gayeti, 




. . . Bi/d/. 




Rodong, . . . . 


. Bera, 


% 


Rutluk, . 




. . . Bi/d/. 




Riingchenbung, . . 


. Sur^ma, minima. 


■N 


Naikude, . 




. . . Pi//i. 




Chhingtingya, . . 


. Fus^. 


^ 


Kolami, . 




. . . Pi//i. 


<f- 


N^hhereng, . . . 


Manimd, 


<! 


Mddi, . . 




. . . Bi/d/i, pusd/. 


i 


W^ing, . . . . 


. Miinimd. 




Mddia, . 




. . . Bi/di. 


1^ 


Ydkha, . . . . 


. Pusiuma. 




Kuri, . . 




. . . Minnu. 


^ 


Chourdsya, . . . 


. Bir^mo. 




Keikddi, . 




. . . Pund. 


s 


Kulungya, . . . 


. Birdli. 




Khond, . 




. . . Miyo. 




Thulungya, . . . 


. Bir'mdy ubirma. 




Sivara, 




. . . Rdmegnd. 


Bihingya, . . . 


. Bir^ma. 




Gadaba, . 




. . . Girem, 


Lohorong, . . . 


. Myouma. 




Yerukala, . 




. . . Puna. 




Lambichhong, . . 


. Munumd. 




Chentsu, . 




. . . Bi//€yi. 


1 


Bdldli, 


. Minimd. 


r Tamil, anc . 


. . . Pusei. 




Sdng-pdng, . . . 


. Mdnimd. 




Tamil, mod., . 


. . . Punei. 




Diimi, 


. Birmdy mUni. 




Malaydlma, ar 


c, . . Caret. 




Khdling, . . . . 


Birme, 




Malayiima, m 


ocL, . . Puchcha. 




Dungmdli, . . . 


Mdnimd, 




Telugu, . . 


. . . Pi//i. 




' Ddrhi, 


. Birdio. 




Karaitaka, an 


c, . . . Caret. 


1 


Denwdr, . . . . 


Mai-ni. 


1 


Kamdtaka, mc 


)d., . . Be/z/m. 


Pahri, 


. BhU 


>? 


Tuliiva, . . 


. . . Puchche. 


■^ 


Chepdng, . . . . 


. Birdl. 


g ■ 


Kurgi, . . . 


. . . Caret. 


i 


Bhrdmu, . . . . 
Viyu, 


. Manzy. 
. Ddna. 


1 


Toduva, ) . 
Toda, 1 . 


. . . Caret. 

. . . Koti. 


^ 


Kuswar, . . . . 


. Blrdlo. 




K6ta, . . . 


. . . Pise. 


1 


Kusunda, . . . . 


. Birdlo. 




Badaga, . . 


. . . Koti. 


«^ 


Thiru 


. Birdla. 




Kurumba, 


. . . Koti. 


^ ' 






Iruia, . . . 


. . . Pune. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


. Aleu. 




Malabar, . . 


. . . P^nei. 




Bhtitini v. Lhopa, . 


. Fiili, 




Sinhalese, . 




. . . Balald. 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



VACHE— KUH— COW— KOROVA— VACCA (BOS). 



"3 



> 



Types. 



K 



Z 



I 



I 



I 



•« (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 

Bask, . 
Finnic, 
Magyar, 

^ Turkish, 

^ Circassian, 

" Georgian, 

g- Mongolian, 

C Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Knuna, 
Malay, . . . 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 






I 



Brahuf, 

' Gyimi, 
Gydrung, 
Tikpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 
Tibetan (written), 
Tibetan (spokm), 

Serpa, . 

Sdnwdr, 

Giirung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newir, 

L\rabu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Rtingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

WdUng, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-ping, 

Ehimi, . . 

Khiling, . 

Dungmili, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusanda,. 
Thiro,. . 

Lepclia (Sikkim), 
Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 



GOy usrd, 
Bakrat. 

Bei, 

Lehma. 

Tehen, 

Inek. 

Shkah. 

Puri^ zrokha. 

Uniyafif unnnuon.% 

Iban khekhCy unin, 

Sdpu 

Lembu, 

Lambu, 

NiH, 

Ngau, 

Nieu, 

Gii, 

Ushi^ meusL 

Dagi, 

NeUy nyeu. 

Nye-nye, 

Bdh. 

Womi ; gndzi (bull). 

Gwah; zyah (bull). 

Sd4o. 

Gnaumeh, 

Bd, 

Phd-chU, 

CM-ma, 

Bu 

Myau, 

Mhe, 

Nhet, 

Hnumama, 

Gdi. 

Sd, 

Bit 

Pit. 

Piupaypi, 

Pit,pih\ 

Pit 

Pi. 

Gdi, 

PmachhapiJ^, 

Biay Mya, dmo-Ma, 

Pi'imma, ummapi, 

Gai. 

A'mo-bing. 

Pikypiiimma, ummruma-pi' , 

Pih\ imma-o-pilC. 

Pih\ oma-pih'. 

U^mma-pi, 

Gyai, bi. 

Gai, 

CTmmd'pif. 

Gai. 

Gai. 

Mo-sd. 

M<hsyd^ mo-shy d. 

Syd. 

Gai. 

Gai. 

Nokmwa gimi. 

Gdye, 

Sik. 
Gno, 



I 

I 
I 



I 









■^ 



I 
I 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Nimsing Ndgi, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 



Burman [wn'ttm), 
Burman [spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, . . 
Kdmi, . . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sdk, . . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 



r Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbh 
San till, 
Bhdmij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 
Goncji, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . 
Midia, 
Kuri, . 
Keikddi, 
Khond, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukala, 
Chentsu, 



'Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod 
Telugu,* . . 
Kanjdtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toijuva,) 
Toda, ) 
Kdta, . . 
Baijaga, . 
Kunimba, 
Iru]a, . . 
Msdabar, . 

, Sinhalese, . 



um 



Musho. 

Pid. 

Gaiy goru^ dndhia^ bdchru. 

Mashu. 

Moshu. 

Sul. 

Mdhu. 

Mdhu. 

Masu. 

Mithu. 

Mdn. 

Nasi. 

Mdsi. 

Gilirvtshameh. 

Goru. 

Mosu. 

Kansii. 

Nwd. 

Nudy nwau. 

Shark. 

Khorbo-i. 

Si-rd. 

Tsi-yd. 

Tha-muk. 

Karau. 

Ghaw'pi, klaUy gaupemo. 
Tsemung-mu. 
Phou. 
Wo. 
Bh-kdi. 

Ngwauy woa, ngoa. 
Hu. 
Ngo. 
Ngoa. 

Gou. 

Gundi. 

Gai, gufufi, gat = herd. 

Gai. 

Udu. 

Udi. 

Oi. 

Dhoriyaly tali^ mu4a. 

Mudd. 

Mu4a. 

Ku-te. 

Kute. 

Mudiy mu4a. 

Caret 

Gai. 

Potatnadu. 

Khdyi. 

Tangli. 

Bamfi. 

AlamddUy putamd4u. 

Gdyi. 

A'y pettam. 

Pasu, pasu-rnddu. 

Caret 

Pa^u. 

A'vUy du. 

A'vu. 

Hasuvuy dkalu. 

Petta. 

Payyu. 

Tanma. 

Ddndm. 

A've. 

Danay hasu. 

Dana. 

Mddu. 

Pasity au. 

Ekukna, 



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114 



CORBEAU— KRAHE— CROW— VORONA— CORNIX. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



Types, 

I (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



i 



s? 



I 

1 

I 






I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochd, 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (written), 

Tibetan {spokm\ 

' Serpa, . 
Sdnwdr, 
Gilrung, 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, 
Pikhya, 
Newdr, 
limbu, 

Kir^nti, 

Rodong, 

Rdngchenbung. 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bihingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambiclihong, 

BdMH, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Ddmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Cheping, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
BhiSfini v. Lhopa, 



Kdka^ vdyasa, karata, dhvdn- 
Y^Jiak, \ksha, 

Bdzurda, 
Wares, 
Varju, 
Kargha, 
Caret. 
Qvavi, 

Khong geriia, kerisa, 
Kara gaskha, 
Gdgak, 
Gdgak. 
Gdgak. 

Ldou-yd, 

Ldau-yd. 

Lb-d, 

Lau-o, 

A\ 

Karasu, 

Khakho. 

Ldwa, 

Ta-brok. 

Akpo. 

KalL 

Nydgwo, 

Khere, 

Kale. 

Khdta. 

Ablak. 

Kdlak, 

Khad, 

Mlongyd, 

Kdwd. 

Kdg. 

Ghdbrdftg. 

Kdg, 

Ko. 

A'hwd. 

Kdhwd, 

Ouwd. 

Kdga, kah! wd^ gaK wd, 

Ghdk'Wa. 

Gogok-pd, 

Gowd, 

A'fC-gwd^ ag-wa, 

Gdg-bo, 

Gdgdh'-po, 

Gdpwa^ gd'Po, 

Gd-gdkba, 

A'rd-wd, 

Gdh'-wdy gak-wa, 

A'rd'Wd, 

Ar^-wd, 

Gdpo, gagak, 

Gdgakpo. 

GaH'Wd, 

Kdwd, 

Kowa, 

Ko-ko, 

Kdg, ka, kttwd, 

Kdng-kang, 

Gd-gln, 

Kdg'ie, 

Kauwa, 

Kaikva. 

Alok, 

aid. 



I 



I 

I 

I 



h 

I 

i 
h 



I 



1 
s 



1 



Bodo, Doukhd, 

Dhimdl, Kawd, 

Kocch, Kdgy kowd, kawd, 

Garo, Koura, 

Kdchdri, Daoku, 

Munipuri, .... Kwdk, 

Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Okhd, 

Tablung Ndgd, . . . Ausapa, 

Khdri Ndgi, .... Waru, 

Angdmi Nigd, . . . Chejd, 

Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . Vakhd, 

Nowgong Ndgd, . . Waru, 

Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Walo, 

AborMiri, .... Pidk. 

Sibsigar Miri, . . . Piiag, 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Dukd, 

Singpho, Kokhd, 

Burman {wHUai), . . Kyf. 

Burman {spoken), . . K>'/, kyi-gan, 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . A'ng-au, 

Kdmi, Wa-d, 

KUmi, O-d. 

MnS v. Toung, . . . Wa-d. 

Sik, ....... W^-kd, 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Khatat, 

Sgau-karen, .... Sowah-khahy tsoakhah, 

Pwo-karen, .... Klah, 

Toungh-thu, .... Zank-ay, 

Shdn, Ka, 

Annamilic, .... Shim-khdsh, 

Siamese, Ka, 

Ahom, Ka, 

Khimti, Ka, 

Laos, Ka, 

Ho(Kol), , , , , Kd, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Ka, 

Santdli, Kahu^ kahung, 

Bhiimij, Kovd, 

Urdon, Khdkhd, 

Mundala, . . . . . Kovd, 

Rijmahali, .... Kdki, 

Gondi, Kdwd, kawal. 

Gayeti, Kawal, 

Rutluk, Caret, 

Naikude, Kawala, 

Kolami, Kdka, 

Midi, Kdkadi, kdkari, 

Mddia, Kabal, 

Kuri, Caret, 

Keikddi, Koi. 

Khond, Kdka. 

Sivara, Kdkd, 

Gadaba, Guggd, 

Yenikala, Seldn, kdka, 

Chentsu, Kowd, 

Tamil, anc, .... KarumpilUi. 

Tamij, mod., .... Kdkkei, 

Malayilma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydlma, mod., . . Kdkka, 

Telugu,' Kdki, 

Karaitaka, anc, . . Caret, 

Kanjdtaka, mod., . . Kdgi, kdki, 

Tuluva, Khdkke, 

Kurgi, Caret, 

Toduva,) .... Kak, 

Toda, j . . . . Kdk, 

K6ta, Kdke, 

Baraga, Kdke, 

Kufuraba, .... Kake, 

Irula, Kdke, 

Malabar, Kdkam, kakkei, 

Sinhalese, Kapuid, kakkd. 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS 


.] 






JOUR— TAG 


. Types. 


•^ (Sanskrit, .... Ahan^ vdsara, ghasra^ 


^ (Arabic, 










Voum, [divasa, dina. 


s 


' Bask, . 
Finnic, 
Magyar, 










. Egun, 
. Pairva, 
. Nap, 


^ 


Turkish, 










Gun, 




Circassian, 








Mahpey, akini,* 


|- 


Georgian, 








DghCy biguia,* 


Mongolian, 








Edor, 


1 


Mantshu, 








Inenggi. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Dina. 




Javanese, Krama, 




Dinten, 




Malay, . . . 




A'ri. 




Chinese, Nankin, 




Jih, 


b^ 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Jih, 


J2 


Chinese, Canton, 




Yat, 


|- 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Nieh-isz\ 


•^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 




Jit 




Japanese, 








Hi^ nichiyfi. 


Brahul, . . 








Caret, 


:§ 


' Gydrai, 










Peth-yan, 


g 


Gydrung, 










Pish-ne, nye. 


h 


mpa, 










Nyenii. 


fc 


Mdnyak, 










Nashchdh, 


|- 


ThochiS, . 










Siydklo, 


1 


Sokpa, 










Wundur, 


^ 

§ 


Horpa, 










Nye-U, 


1 


Tibetan {written). 






Nyin-mo, 


S 


^ Tibetan (spokm), , 
^Serpa, . . . 






Nyi-mo, 
Nimo, 


^x. 


Siinwdr, 










Ndthi, 


1 


Gdrung, 










Dinu 


^ 


Mdrmi, 










Dini, 


r 


Magar, 










Na-msin, 


Thdksya, 










Sar, 


^ 

< 


Pdkhya, 










Diiiso, 


Newdr, 










Nhi, 




Limbu, 










Lmdik. 




' Kirinti, 










Lm, 




Rodong, 










KhoU. 




Rdngchenbung, 






Ukholen, 




Chhingt^ngya, 






Ndm. 


J 


Ndchhereng, . 






Mlepa. 


Wiling, . . 








Wo-khole^ nam-diya. 


J^ 


Ydkha, . 








Leh'ni. 


*§ 


Chourdsya, 








Duk so. 


5S 


Kulungya, 








Lepd, 


t* 


Thulungya, 








NempM, 


L"^ 


Bdhingya, 








Ndm' ti. 




Lohorong, 








Lentd, lm. 


e 
» 


I^mbichhong 


9 ' 






Ilemba, 


^ 


Bildli, . . 








Letta, 


Sdng-pdng, 








Upa, ^mltpa. 




Ddmi, . . 








IPnyol^ niiiu. 




Khiling, . 








IfnyoL 




Dungmdli, 








LmtOy lentoky umlentok^ 


J 


Ddrhi, . . 








Din. t«^'^<'- 


Denwdr, 










Di-ni, 


^ 


Pahri, . 










Nhl-na-ko. 


'^ 


Chepdng, 










Nyi,n^,gm, 


1" 


Bhrdmu, 










Di-nd, 


^ 


Vdyu, . 










Nu-ntdy no-mo. 


1 


Kuswar, 










Di-ni. 


Kusunda, 










Dina. 


«^ 


Thdru,. 










Dina, 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




Sakni, 




Bhdtdm v. 


LI 


iop 


a, 




Nyim, 



"5 






I 



r 



« 
s 
5 
0C5 



^ 

I 
^ 



I 



I 



1 

s 



I 



Bodo, . 




Shydn^ shdn. 


Dhimdl, 




. Nyi-tima, nhitima. 


Kocch, 




, Din, 


Garo, . 




. Rasdn^ sdn. 


Kdchdri, 




Chdn-dung, 


' Munipuri, . . . 


, Numit. 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 


, AnyL 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


. Tini, 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Asonga, 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Ttso. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 


Rangyi. 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


Caret, 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


TUnglL 


Abor Miri, . . . 


Longeh, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Longko, 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


Sdnjd, 


Singpho, .... 


Ningthoi. 


' Burraan {written). 


Ne. 


Burman {spoken), . . 


Ne, na. 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Ko-nup. 


Kdmi, 


Ma-ni, 


Kdmi, 


Ka-ni twun. 


Mrd V. Toung, . . 


Ni, 


Sdk, 


Yat-ta. 


Talain v. Mon, . . 


Ta-ngway. 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Ni, mU'khni, 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Ni, 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


Mo-yay, 


Shdn, 


Kawon. 


Annamitic, . . . 


Ngdy, 


Siamese, .... 


Wan. 


Ahom, 


Bdn, 


Khdmti, .... 


Wan, 


Laos, 


Wan, 


Ho(Kol), . . . 


Md, 


Kol (Singhbhum), . . 


Sugi, ma. 


Santili, .... 


Sing, mdhd (ma f). 


Bhdmij, 




Din, 


Urdon, 




Uilah. 


Mundala, 




Sing 


Rijmahali 




Dine, 


Gondi, 




Patti, din. 


Gayeti, 




Din. 


Rutluk, 




Piydl. 


Naikude, 




. Pod 


Kolami, 




Pdte, 


Mddi, . 




Peydi, 


Mddia, 




Biydr. 


Kuri, . 




Din, 


Keikddi, 




Ptigdu, poddu. 


Khond, 




Vujjydgu, 


Sdvara, 




Tambd. 


Gadaba, 




Simmyd, 


Yerukala, . 




Pammdni, pangdmdru. 


Chentsu, . 




Din, 


' Tamil, anc, . . . . 


El, 


Tamil, mod., . . . . 


Pagaly dinam, nd(. 


Malaydlma, anc, . . 


Caret, 


Malaydima, mod., . . 


Pakal, 


Telugu,' 


Pagalu, dinamu. 


Karndtaka, anc., 


Pagalu, 


Karadtaka, mod., . 


HagaJu, 


Tuliiva, .... 


PagiL 


Kurgi, 


Pogal, 


To^luva, . . . 
Toda, j . . . 


Pokhal. 


Ndl, 


K6ta, 


Ndle, 


Badaga, .... 


Dina, jina. 


Kurumba, . . . 


Dina, 


Irula, 


Nalu, 


Malabar, .... 


Nauly thenam. 


Sinhalese, 




Dawasa^ dina. 



Digitized by 



Google 



ii6 



CHIEN— HUN D— DOG— SOBAKA— CANIS. 



[CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 



Types. 



•« (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 



1 
I 



I 



I 



e 



I 



Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, .... 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Kuchak. 



S'van, bhashaka^ kukkura. 
Kdb, 

Chakury zakur^ potzo^ or a, 

Koira, 

Kutya, 

Keupek. 

Kha?ty schy* koy* 

Tsaghli, 

Nokhaiy nochaiy kalziakan^\ 

Indakhon, [toiiokin,\\ 

A'su, 

Segdwon, 

Anjing. 

Kau. 
Kau. 
Kau. 

KaH. 
Inu, 



' Gydmi, . . . 
Gydning, . . . 
Tdkpa, . . . 
Minyak, . . . 
ThochU, . . . 
Sokpa, .... 
Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan {written^ 
Tibetan {spokm), . 

Serpa, .... 

Siinwdr, . . . 

Gtirung, . . . 

Mdnni, • . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

Pikhya, . . . 

New^, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 






I 

I 
I 



Kirdnti, . . . 

Rodong, . . . 
Rdngchenbung, . 
Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, . 

Wdling, . . 

Ydkha, . . 

Chourdsya, . 
Kulungya, 

Thulungya, . 

Bihingya, . . 

Lx>horong, . 
Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . . 

Sdng-pdng, . 

Ddmi, . . . 

Khdling, . . 
^ Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . . 

Denwir, . . 

Pahri, . . . 

Chepdng, . . 

Bhrdmu, . . 

Vdyu, . . . 

Kuswar, . . 

Kusunda, . . 

Thiru, . . . 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiit^i V. Lhopa, 



Kou, 

Khu 

Khi, 

Kshah. 

Khwah^ 

Nokhwe^ 

Katdh, 

Khyu 

Uya. 

KhL 

Kuchung. 

Nagyii. 

Ndngi, 

Chhy^, 

Ndga, nak'yu. 

Kyatdi. 

KhUhd. 

Khid, 

KocM. 

KklL 

KocMwd^ 

KochHwd. 

Haga, 

Kotima^ kochuwd, 

KocMtna. 

Chdli, 

Kheb. 

Khlebd, 

Khlicha. 

H^ wd. 

KocM. 

KocMmd. 

Bd-dgay hoga. 

Khleb, khiibu. 

KhUb. 

Kuti-md, 

KuMr, 
Ku-jUy ku^ 
Kwi, ML 
A-kyd, 
UrL 
Ku-koL 
Agai. 
KuUa. 

Kazeris 
KhL 









r Bodo, Cho'tmOy chiM, 

Dhimdl, Khid, 

\ Kocch, Kukur, Mhok, 

I Garo, KaL 

[ Kdchdri, Shoima^ shima, 

' Munipuri, HwL 

MfthdnNdg^ . . . HL 

TablungNdgi, . . . Kui. 

KhdriNdgd, . . . . AL 

Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Tasu. 

Ndmsing Ndgd, . . . Hit, 

Nowgong N^i, . . Azz, 

Tengsa Ndgi, . . . Arh. 

Abor Miri, .... EkL 

Sibsigar Miri, . . . IkL 

Deoria Chutia, . . . ShL 

Singpho, GuL 

' Burman (writtm), . . YJiwe, 

Burman (spoken), . . . KAwe, khwd. 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . U-u 

Kdmi, Ui. 

Kdmi, U'L 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Ta-kwL 

[Sdk, KH, 

' Talain v. Mon, . . . KcUd, 

Sgau-karen, .... 'To//, htwi. 

Pwo-karen, .... Twi, 

Toungh-thu, .... Htwe, 

Shdn, Ma, 

Annamitic, .... Sho, 

Siamese, Ma, 

Ahom, Md. 

Khdmti, Md, 

Laos, Md, 

Ho(Kol), .... Sda, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Sdd, 

Santili, Sdd, 

Bhdmij, Setd. 

Ur^on, Alia, 

Mundala, Sdd, 

Rijmahali, .... AUay, 

Gondi, Naiy net, 

Gayeti, Nat, 

Rutluk, Nd, 

Naikude, A'tU, 

Kolami, A'tte, 

Mddi, NdyUy nd-o, 

Mddia, Nd, 

Kuri, Chitay sda, 

Keikddi, Nau 

Khond, NahudL 

Sdvara, Kencho. 

Gadaba, Guso, 

Yenikala, Ndyi, 

Chentsu, Kukkur, 

' Tamil, anc, .... Card, 

Tamil, mod., .... Ndyiy muduval, 
Malaydlma, anc, . . Card, 

Malay dima, mod., . . Ndya,patti, 

Telugu,' Kukka, 

Kamdtaka, anc, . . Card, 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Ndyi, 

Tuluva, Ndyi, 

Kurgi, NdyL 

Toduva,) .... NdyL 

Toda, ) .... NoL 

Kdta, NaL 

Badaga, Nat, 

Kurumba, .... Nai, 

Iruia, NaL 

Malabar, Noyy suTHinam. 

Sinhalese, Balld, 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



OREILLE— OHR— EAR— UKHO—AURIS. 



117 









•I 



S 



I 



I 



^^ 



^ 



I 



I 



ly/es. 

.5 (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, 

Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 



Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tikpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochd, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {writun), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Silnwdr, 

Gtirung, 

MUrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pikhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kii4nti, 

Rodong, 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

BdldU, . . 

Sdng-ping, 

Ddmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmili, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdni, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiifdni v. Lhopa, 



Kama, 
Uzn. 

Belarriy bearri, 

Korwa, 

Fui. 

Kulak, 

Takhum, 

Kurt, 

ChikiUy isighin; bucha.\ 

Shan; udak* 

Klipirtg. 

Tali ngan, 

Taiinga, 

Urh. 

Urh, 

Urh. 

Ni-tu. 

Hi. 

Mimi. 

Khaff. 

Airto. 

Tir-ne. 

Nebldp. 

Ndpi. 

Nukh. 

Khikhe. 

Nyo. 

Kna. 

Amcho. 

Am-chiik. 

Nophd. 

Ndbe. 

Ndpe. 

Nd'kyep. 

Jfna, nha. 

Kdn. 

Nhai'pong. 

Nekho. 

Ndbd. 

Ndpro. 

Ndba. 

Ndrek. 

Ndbd. 

Ndphdk. 

Ndphdk. 

DobTu. 

Nobwa^ ruhbo. 

Nokphia. 

Sdrnd-nyai. 

Ndbak^ ndba, 

Noro. 

Naba, 

Naba, 

Necho. 

Necho, 

Ndphak, 

Kdn, 

Kdn, 

Nhua-puru. 

Ne, no. 

Kd^nd, 

Nak-ch^, nok'-chun'g, 

Kdn, 

Chydii. 

Kdn. 

Anyor, 
Navo. 



I 



I 

•I 

I 



^ 



c^ 



I: 






Bodo, Khoma. 

Dhimdl, Nhd'hng^ ndhdthong. 

Kocch, Kdn. 

Garo, Mdchor. 

Kichiri, Khoma. 

. Na. 
. Nd. 
. Nd. 

Tmhaun. 
. Anye. 
. Nd. 

Tenaung. 
. Tcldnnu. 

Norong. 

Yerung. 
. Ydku. 
. Nd. 



' Munipuri, . . . 
Mfthin Nigi, . 
Tablung Ndgi, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgi, . 
Nimsing Nigd, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgi, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, 



I 

i 



' Burman (writun), 
Burman {spoktn), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, .... 
Kdmi, .... 
MnS V. Toung, . 

iSdk, . . . . 

' Talain v. Mon, . 
Sgau-karen, . . 
Pwo-karen, . . 
Toungh-thu, . . 
Shin, .... 
Annamitic, . . 



Ni. 

N^, nau. 

Ka-nhau. 

A-ga-nd. 

Ka-no. 

Fa-rdm. 

A'ka-nd. 

Khato. 

Nahy na-khu. 

Nah. 

Nau. 

Hu. 

Tau 



Siamese, Hu. 

Ahom, Pik. 

Khimti, Hu. 

Laos, Hu. 

Ho(Kol), .... Mtur. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Lufur. 

Santdli, Lutur^ hiipa = side of ear. 

Bhdmij, Lutur. 

Urion, Khebda. 

Mundala, Ltdur. 

Rijmahali, .... Khetway. 

Gon^i, Kavi. 

Gayeti, Kavi. 

Rutluk, Kain. 

Naikude, Ktwal (^^. 

Kolami, Kavval (^\). 

Mddi, Chouku^ kewoku (pL). 

Midia, Kavi. 

Kuri, Lutur. 

Keikidi, Suvi. 

Kho^d, Kirru. 

Sivara, Luv. 

Gadaba, . . . ... Niniiri. 

Yerukala, Soyi. 

Chentsu, Kdn. 

Tamil, anc, .... Sevi. 

Tamil, mod., .... Kddu^ san. 

Malayilma, anc, . . Card. 

Malaydima, mod., . . Kdta^ chein. 

Telugu, C?t€vi. 

Kamdtaka, anc, . . . Card. 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Kiin^ kimi. 

Tuluva, Kd>i. 

Kurgi, Kemi. 

To^uva, > .... Kavi. 

Toda, I . . . . Keirvi. 

K($ta, Kive. 

Baraga, Kive. 

Kufumba, .... Kive. 

Iruja, Kddu, 

Malabar, Kdthu^ sevi. 

Sinhalese, ..... Kana, 



Digitized by 



Google 



ii8 



TERRE—ERDE— EARTH— ZEMLYA— TERRA. 



[chap. IV. — NOUNS. 



Types, 

t (Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, 



1 



-is 



^ 



I 



i 

6 



I 

I 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

' Chinese. Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (written), 

Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

GiSrung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

ThdJcsya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Rdngchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wiling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldii, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
DiSmi, . . 
Khiling, . 
Dungmdli, 

fDdrhi, . . 
Denwir, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Tbdru, . . 

Lepcba (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni V. Lhopa, 



BhU, bh^mi, go, prithhn, 
Ard. 

Lur, 

Maa. 
Fold, 

Yer, toprak, 

Yattah, wahtey. 

Mitsa, musa* 

Kiisar^ ghazar ; daradu.\ 

Na, usin. 

Burnt, 

Burnt. 

Tdnah, 

Ti, ni-fuy i.e, soil. 
Tiy ni-fii, i.e. soil. 
Ti, nai-fo, i.e, soil. 
Ti-bi, ni, i,e, mud. 
Toe, 
Tsuchi. 

Caret. 

Ti, thou, 

Seh. 

Sdh, 

Maliy mli. 

Zip. 

Wonnish, 

Kcha, 

Ndy sa. 

Sd. 

Sd 

Kha-pi, 

Sa, nhe. 

Sd, 

Jhd. 

Sa, 

Mdto. 

Chd, 

Kham, 

Bdkhd. 

Bokhd, 

Bdkhd, henkhama, 

Khdm. 

Baha, 

Pdkhd, 

Khdm, 

Kdnksi, 

Boko. 

Kwd 

Wdleko, 

Bdkhd, 

Khamhangtangba, 

BaK kha, 

Bdhd, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Wdlikha. 

Mdti, 

Mdto, 

Chd, 

Sd, 

Nd'Sd 

Ko. 

Mati, 

Doma. 

Mdti, 

Phot. 
Sdh. 



I 



'^ 



h 



I 

h 






a 



I 



Bodo, Hd, hdsharhd, 

Dhimil, Bhonoi, 

Kocch, Bhumi, mdti, 

Garo, Hd 

Kdchdri, Hd 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgi, . . 
Angdmi Nigd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



Laipdk, 

Hdwdn, 

Katok, 

Ait, 

Kije, 

Hd 

Ali. 

A'li. 

A'mong, 

Among, 

Yd 

Nggd. 



Burman {written), , , Mre. 

Burman {spoken), . , , Mye, myd-ghi, 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Det. 

Kdmi, Ka-ldi-hong. 

Kiimi, Ka-loung. 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Kroung, 

Sdk, Kd, 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shdn, . . . 
Annamitic, 



Te. 

Hawks, hau-hko, 

Gon-ku, 

Ham-tan, 

Sen, 

Ddt. 



Siamese, Tein, phendin, 

Ahom, Din. 

Khdmti, Langmin, 

Laos, Din, 

Ho (Kol), .... Ote, hassa. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Ote, 

Santdli, Zr<ifi,<z//%<z= the earth, 

Bhiimij, Ote. [<i^<i = paddock, 

Urdon, Khekhel. dhaldk =.c\o^ 

Mundala, IVaihe. dema = plain. 

Rdjmahali, .... Kekal, 

Gondi, Dharti, dhartri, 

Gayeti, Dhartri. 

Rutluk, Dhartri, 

Naikude, El, 

Kolami, El, 

Mddi, Dartri, 

Mddia, Neli, 

Kuri, Ote, wote. 

Keikddi, Nard, 

Khond, Tdnd, 

Sdvara, Labo, 

Gadaba, Caret, 

Yerukala, Tarra, 

Chentsu, Bhiiyi, 

Tamil, anc, .... Caret, 

Tamil, mod., .... Nilam, ulagam, 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Nilam, manna. 

Telugu, Pudami, nela^ mannu. 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret, 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Podavi, 

Tuluva, Nela. 

Kurgi, Caret, 

Toduva,) .... Neian, 

Toda, j . . . . BiHmi. 

K6ta, Bttmi, 

Badaga, Bumi, 

Kurumba, .... Mannu, biimi, 

Irula, Bumi, 

Malabar, Pumi, puvi, prithivi, 

Sinhalese, Polawa, 



Digitized by 



Google 






.is 



ti; 



S 



■s 

1 

I 



CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



Types. 

v§ (Sanskrit, 
'I (Arabic, 
s 

Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 



(EUF— EI— EGG— YAITSO— OVUM. 



119 



1^ 



I 



Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 
Tibetan (writun), 
Tibetan (spoken^ 

Serpa, . 

SUnwir, 

Giirung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kirinti, 

Rodong, 

Riingchenbving, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchherengj 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chour^ya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Larabichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Ddmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 



•St 


fDirhi, . . 


1- 


Denwdr, . 


^ 


Pahri, . . 


■^ 


Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 


1 


Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 


Kusunda,. 
Thiro,* . 



Lepcha (iSkkiin)^ 
Kitf t^ v. Lbopa, 



Anda, 
B'ei'4, 

Arrauliz, 

Muna, 

Toyas, 

Yumurta, 

Kanghey, tshankey. 

Kwertskhi, 

Umdokeftf iimtuke. 

Umhan^ tchoko-i-umakha, 

Efidog. 

Tigan, 

TaloK 

Tdn, 

Tdn, 

Tdn, 

Ki-dan, 

Nng. ' 

Tamago. 

Caret. 

Chitun. 

Ki-tan. 

Khdium. 

Rdcha. 

Kiwost 

Caret. 

Sgangd. 

^onga. 

Gong-nd. 

Gongnd. 

Bd-phu. 

Fhang 

Phum. 

Rhu. 

ChhydrkyapMm. 

PhuL 

Khyeru, khen. 

Thin, thin. 

IPding. 

Dai, da-i. 

IT-^ing, wd'din. 

IP-thin. 

Di4. 

Dim. 

In, wd'in. 

Bdbdn^ya. 

Umdi, wddi, di. 

Di-i. 

Di, bd-di. 

Weh'din, we-din. 

Thin, ithin. 

Wddin. 

Di. 

ITtti, ti. 

Phdtte. 

V'mting, ting. 

Anda. 

Dimba. 

Khen-ja, 

Wd-Mm^ ium. 

Horn, 

Chdiung. 

Dimba, 

Gody gwa, 

Arida. 

AA. 
Gin^40. 



^ 
^ 
"k 



I 

ft) 

I 
I 



I 



I 



^ 

^ 



I 



Bodo, . 




. . . . Dau-dot. 


Dhimdl, 




. . . . THi. 


Kocch, 




. . . . Dima. 


Garo, . 




. . . . Touchi. 


Kichiri, 




. . . . Caret. 


' Munipuri, 


. . . . Caret. 


Mfthin N4gi 


, . . . OH. 


Tablung Ndg 


i, . . . Kek. 


Khiri Ndgd, 


. . . . AnsiL 


Angdmi N^^ 


L, . . . PodzU. 


Nimsing Nd| 


li, . . Ati. 


Nowgong Ndj 


gd, . . Antsii. 


Tengsa Ndgi, 


, . . . Utii. 


Abor Miri, 


. ... A'piu. 


Sibsigar Miri 


, . . . Apu. 


Deoria Chutii 


\, . . . Duj'd. 


Singpho, . 


. . . Wdi. 


' Burman {writti 


m), . . U. 


Burman (^spokc\ 


n), . . . U, (H). 


Khyeng v. Sh 


ou, . . To-i. 


Kimi, . . . 


. . . Du. 


Kiimi, . . . 


. . . DuL 


Mni V. Toun^ 


J, . . . Dii-i. 


Sdk, . . , 


. . . Wa-ii. 


' Talain v. Moi 


a, . . . Khmatsan. 


Sgau-karen, . 


. . . Di, hdi, dhi. 


Pwo-karen, . 


. . . Di. 


Toungh-thu, , 


. . . De. 


Shdn, . . . 


. . , KMht. 


Annamitic, 


. . . Tr^'ng 


Siamese, . . 


. . . Khu, khai. 


Ahom, . . , 


. . . Khrai. 


Khdmti, . . 


. . . Khai. 


Laos, . . , 


. . . Khai. 


'Ho(Kol), . 


. . . Petto, bUli. 


Kol (Singhbh 


urn), . . Pittii. 


Santdli, . . 


. . . Bele. 


Bhiimij, . 




. . . Pito. 


Urdon, 




. . . Bi. 


Mundala, 




. . . BUli. 


Rdjmahali, 




. . . Kirpan. 


Gondi, 




. . . Mej, mes. 


Gayeti, 




. . . Caret. 


Rutluk, 




. . . Caret. 


Naikude, 




. . . Caret. 


Kolami, 




. . . Caret. 


MM, . 




. . . Caret. 


Mddia, 




. . . Caret. 


Kuri, . 




. . . Caret. 


Keikidi, 




. . . Caret. 


Khond, 




. . . Va(dma. 


Sdvara, 




. . . Are. 


Gadaba, 




. . . Mittd. 


Yenikala, 




. . . Mutta. 


Chentsu, 




. . . Dimma. 


' Tamil, anc. 


» 


. . . Sinei. 


Tamil, mod., 


. . . Mut(ei. 


Malaydlma, ai 


nc, . . Caret. 


Malayjilma, n 


lod., . . Mutta. 


Telugu, . 


. . . Guddu. 


Kanjdtaka, ai 


ic, . . Caret. 


Kar^itaka, m 


od., . . Tatti, moUe, gu44u. 


Tuluva, . 


. . . . Mutte,tetti. 


KuTgi, . . 


. . . . Caret. 


To^uva,) 
Toda, 1 


. . . . Mukshu. 


. . . . Motte. 


K6ta, . . 


. . . . Motte. 


Baraga, . 


. . . . Motte. 


Ku|ttmba, 


. . . . Motte. 


Irala, . . 


. . . . Mofiu. 


Malabar, . 


. . . . Muttei. 


Sinhalesei 




. , . . Bijja. 



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120 



ELEPHANT— ELEPHANT— ELEPHANT— SLON—ELEPHAS. 



[chap. IV. — NOUNS. 



. Types. 




^ , 


' Bodo, Mai-gedet^ tnoidet. 


■« ^Sanskrit, . . 
-| (Arabic, . . . 


. . VdrofuZy hastin. 


Dhimil, 
Kocch, 








JVdHa. 
ffdthi. 


. FIL 


^ 


Garo, . 








Ndplo. 


s 


Bask, .... 


, . ElefandL 


^' 


, Kdchdri, 








Megadett. 




Finnic, . . . 


. . Norsu, 




Munipuri, 






. Sdmu. 




Magyar, . . . 


. Caret, 


1 


Mfthdn N4gd, . 




Leak. 


^ 


Turkish, . . . 


. . Caret. 


Tablung Nigd, . 




Lok-niu. 


1 


Circassian, . . 


, . Caret. 


•I 


Khiri Nigd, . . 




. Sati. 




Georgian, . . 


. Caret, 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 




. Tsu. 


Mongolian, . . 


. Dsakhan^ sagkan. 


Ndrasing Ndgi, . 




. Puok. 


Mantshu, . . 


Sufan, 


r 


Nowgong N^i, 




. Shiti. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 


Gajah, 


^ 


Tengsa N^4, . 




. SutL 




Javanese, Krama, 


Gajah, 


1 


Abor Miri, . . 




. Sita. 




Malay, . . . 


. . Gajah. 


^ 


Sibsigar Miri, . 




. Site 




Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 


. . Siang. 
. Hsiang. 




Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 




. Meu. 
Magui. 


> 


Chinese, Canton, 


Tseong. 


•§ 


' Burman {writun\ 




Chhang. 


■1 ' 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


. Sidng, 


1 


Burraan (spoken), . 




Shen, tsheng. 


*5 


Amoy, Colloquial, 


, . Chiun. 


'^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 




. Mwi. 




Japanese, . . 


. . Z6, ' 


h- 


Kimi, .... 




. Ka-sdi. 


"' 




tt 


Kiimi, . . 






. Ka-sd-i. 


Brahuf, . . . 


. . Caret. 


1 


Mni V. Tounf 


ly ' 




. Nga-^hdU. 


1 


Gyimi, 




, . Sydng, 


1: 


Sik, . . 






. U-M. 


Gydrung, 




, . Ldfig<h?tm. 




Talain v. Mo 


n, . 




, Tsing 




Tdkpa, 




. Lang-chhen. 


.e 


Sgau-karen, 






KsaWy ka-saUy kah-tsau. 


Mdnyak, 




. Caret. 


Pwo-karen, 






. K'sang. 


Thochd, 




. . Caret. 


s 


Toungh-thu, 






ffsan. 


1 


Sokpa, . 




. Lhdboche. 


tN « 


Shdn, . . 






Tsan. 


V 


Horpa, 




. Ldmochhen. 


Si 


Annarnitic, 






. Voi. 




Tibetan {writun), 


. Qfldngcken. 


h 


Siamese, . 






. fftsann, chang. 





Tibetan (spokai\ . 


. Ldmboche. 


s 
,« 


Ahom, . . 






. Tydng. 






to 


Khdmti, . 






. Tsdng. 




Serpo, .... 


. . Ldngbo. 




Laos, . . 






. Tsang. 


2 
w 

J 


Sdnwdr, 
Giirung, 
Mdrmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, , 
New^, 
^ Limbu, 




. So^a. 
. ffathi. 
. HdthL 
. ffathi. 
. Lam'bochhe. 
. ffdtti. 
. Kisi. 
. Hetti. 




r Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singl 
Santili, 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rijmahali 
Gondi, 


ibh 


um). 




o 

Caret. 
. ffdthi. 

ffdthi^ sun4a = the trunk. 
. ffdthi. 
. ffdthi. 
. ffdthi. 

A'thi. 

Yeje, yani. 




' Kirdnti, , 




. ffdthi. 


.g 


Gayeti, 








Caret. 




Rodong, , 




. ffdtti. 


*S 


Rutluk, 








Caret. 




Rdngchenbung, . . 


. ffdH. 




Naikude, 








. Caret. 




Chhingtingya, . . 


. ffdti. 


1 


Kolami, 








Caret. 


^ 


Ndchhereng, . . . 


. ffdthi. 


Midi, . 








. Caret. 


^ 


Wdling, . . . 


, ffdthi. 




Mddia, 








Caret. 


^ 


Ydkha, . . . . 


. ffdtti. 




Kuri, . 








Caret. 


"§ 


Chourdsya, . . . 


. ffdtti. 




Keikddi, 








Caret. 


!S 


Kulungya, . . 


. ffdtti. 




Khond, 








ffattanga. 




Thulungya, . . 


. ffdti. 




Sdvara, 








Ra. 


Bdhingya, . . . . 


. ffdtti. 




Gadaba, 








Kom. 


Lohorong, . . . 


. ffdtti. 




Yerukala, 








Ana. 


Lambichhong, . . 


. ffdtti. 




Chentsu, 








ff'ate. 


J- 


Bildli, .... 


, . ffdtti. 




' Tamil, anc. 








Kaliru. 




Sdng-pdng, . . 


. Bon4an. 




Tamil, mod., 






A'neiy ydnd. 




Diimi, .... 


. ffdtti. 




Malaydlma, anc, 




Caret. 




Khiling, . . . 


. ffddi. 




Malaydima, mod.. 




Ana. 




Dungmdii, . . 


. ffdtti. 




Telugu, . . . 




Yknuga. 


_. r Di^rhi. ... 


. ffathi. 


. 


Karnitaka, anc, 




Card. 


1 


Denwkr, . . . 
Pahri, .... 


. ffatti. 
. Kisi. 


»s 


Karnitaka, mod., 
Tuliiva, . . . 




A'ne. 
A'ne. 


"b 


Chepkng, . . . 
Bhrdmu, . . . 


. ffd-thi. 
. Caret. 


1 


Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 






A'ne. 
A'n. 


1 


Vdyu, .... 
Kuswar, . . . 
Kusunda, . . . 
Thdrn 


. ffati. 
. ffathi. 
. ffdtti-gyd. 
. ffathi. 


Toda, j 
K6ta, . . 
B^daga, . 
Kurumba, 






An. 
Caret. 
. Ane. 
Ane. 


^ ' 






Irula, . . 






. Ane. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 


Tyanmo. 




Malabar, . 






Vana, kunjaraniy varanam. 




BhiStdni v. 


Lhopa, 


. Langchen. 




Sinhalese, 








. A^d. 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



OEIL— AUGE— EYE— GLAZ— OCULUS. 



12 I 



Types, 

I (Sanskrit, 
1^ (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



1 



I 

I 

I 



I 



«>J 



h 



s 



I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

'Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Giining, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 
RiSngchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Nichhereng, 
Wiling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwir, . 
Pahri, . . 
Cheping, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
KtiSQnda, • 
TMni,. . 



Akshi, chakshus, netra, 
Aayn. 

Beguu 

Siima, 

Szem. 

Geuz. 

Neh, 

Thwali, 

Nidon, 

Yasa. 

Mdta, 

Maripat. 

Mdta. 

Yen. 

Yen, 
Ngdn. 
Ngan-tsing, 
Bdk, 
Me, 

Khan, 

Yen-chin. 

Tai-myek, tam-myek, 

Meiong, 

Mni, 

Kan, 

NiM, 

Mo, 

Mig, 

Mik, 

Mik. 

Mi-chi, 

Mi, 

Mi, 

Mik, 

Mi, 

A'nkhd, 

Mi-khd. 

Mik. 

Mak, 

Michak, 

Mak^ madk, 

Mak, 

Mie-sa. 

Mak, 

Mik, 

Bid, 

Muk^'Si, 

Mik'-si, 

Mlchi, 

Mik\ (pi.) mr chi, 

Mik^ mih\ 

Muiky muh\ 

Mdk, muh\ 

Mas, miksi. 

Mash, 

Mak, 

A'nkhi, 

A'nkhd 

Mi-gi. 

Mi, mi-k, 

Mi-k, 

Me-k, 

A'nkhi. 

Chining, 

Ankh. 

Amik. 
Mid(K 









ti; 



.^ 



■^ 



^ 
^ 



.6 






.«3 

to 



'Bodo, Mogon. 

Dhimdl, Mi. 

Kocch, Chakhu. 

Garo, Makar, 

Kichdri, Mogun, 






Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn N^i, . 
Tablung N^d, . 
Khiri Ndgi, . . 
Angimi Ndgd, . 
Nimsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgi, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, 



Mit, 

Mik. 

Mik, 

Tenik, 

Amhi. 

Mit. 

Tenok, 

Tenyik, 

A'mik. 

Amik. 

Mukuti. 



Singpho, Mi, 

' Burman {itrntten), , . Myakchi. 

Burman (spoken), . . . Myetsi, myet-se, 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Mi-u-i. 

Kdmi, A-mi, 

Kiimi, Me. 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Min. 

Sdk, A-mi, 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Mot, 

Sgau-karen, .... Me, mat. 

Pwo-karen, .... Mit-thah, 

Toungh-thu, .... May. 

Shdn, Mat'ta, 

Annamitic, .... Mat, 

Siamese, Ta. 

Ahom, Td, 

Khimti, Td. 

Laos, Td. 

Ho(Kol), . , . , Met, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Met, 

Santili, Meh. 

Bhiimij, Met, 

Urdon, Khdn. 

Mundala, Med, 

Rdjmahali, .... Kdne, 

Gondi, Kdn (sing.), kank (pi.). 

Gayeti, Kark (pi.). 

Rutluk, Kanak, kodak (pi.). 

Naikude, Kandlu (pL). 

Kolami, Kanul {^\,). 

Midi, Kondd, 

Midia, Kodd, 

Kuri, Met, med. 

Keikddi, Kdn, 

Khond, Kannuka, 

Sivara, Amu, 

Gadaba, Olio, 

Yerukala, Supdn, 

Chentsu, A'yenkhi. 

Tamil, ana, .... Ndttam. 

Tamil, mod., .... Kan, 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydlma, mod., . . Kanna. 

Telugu, Kannu, 

Karadtaka, anc, . . Caret, 

Karndtaka, mo4, . . Kannu, 

Tuluva, Kann, 

Kurgi, Kann, 

Toduva, ) . . . . Konn, 

Toda, ) . . . . Kann. 

K6ta, Kannu, 

Bacjaga, Kannu, 

Kuixunba, .... Karpiu, 

Ini}a, Kannu, 

Malabar, Kan, vilzi, net-theram. 

Sinhalescy Aha^ dsa. 



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122 



PERE—VATER— FATHER— OTETS— PATER. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



Types. 



\ 



3 



I 



I 



I J Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, . 

Gydmi, 

Gydrung, . 

Tdkpa, . 

Mdnyak, . 

Thochd, . 

Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 
Tibetan (written), 

Tibetan {spoken), 

'Seipa, . 
Siinwdr, 
Gdrung, 
Mdrmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, 
Pdkhya, 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Rdngchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wiling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sing-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Cheping, . 
Bhrdrau, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 



I 






't 



I 



Pitti. 
Ab. 

Aita, 

Isa, 

Atya. 

Baba. 

Tahty iyat 

Mama. 

Etsighay etsigCy abu. 

A ma. 

Bdpa. 

Rdma. 

Bdpa. 

Fu-t^in. 

Fu'ts'in. 

Fu4s'an. 

Yd, dh-iidh. 

Pe. 

Oya, tchi4chi. 

Bdv. 

Dhd^d. 

Ta-pe. 

Apd. 

Apd. 

At. 

Pchiki. 

A'pd. 

Phd. 

Pdld. 

A'bd. 

Bdve, 

Abo. 

A'pd. 

Bat. 

A'bo. 

Babai. 

Ab{t. 

Amba. 

Opa-^upa. 

U'm'pa. 

Ett-pa, wa-pa, opa. 

irpd. 

U'pa. 

A' pd.pdpd. 

rpa. 

Apo. 

Uni pd. 

Pdp, ^pdp. 

A'-po. 

Um-pa. 

Impd. 

Opa. 

Um^ pa. 

Upyap, ipydpy upa, 

Updp. 

Umpa. 

Bilibo. 

Bdbd. 

Bd. 

BaM. 

Ba-bdi. 

If'pd, upii. 

Bdbdik. 

Pdi. 

Bdbd. 

Abo. 
Appd. 






I 



•^. 



■i: 



^ 



I 
I 



Bodo, . 
Dhimil, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichdri, 

Munipuri, 
MfthinNigd, . 
Tablung Nigd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Nigd, . 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa Ndgi, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsigar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



I 






' Burman {written), 

Burman (spoken), . 

Khyeng v. Shou, 

Kdmi, . . 

Kdmi, . . 

Mrd V. Toung, 
[Sdk, . . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khimti, . 
Laos, . . 



r Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhi 
Santili, . 
Bhdmij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Midi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikidi, . 
Khond, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



urn). 



Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydjma, mod., 
Telugu,' . . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karadtaka, mod., 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva, ) 
Toda, j" 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Bipha. 

Abd. 

Bap. 

Abd. 

Apa. 

Ipd. 

Apd. 

Opdh. 

Tabd. 

Apo. 

Vd. 

Upd. 

Apu. 

Yiai. 

Bdbd. 

Tsipd. 

Wd. 

Phae. 

Phd-Cy ahpa. 

Pau. 

Pd^. 

Am-po. 

Pa. 

Abd. 

Md. 

Pah, bah. 

Pah. 

Pha. 

Pau. 

Sha. 

HpaUypo. 

Po. 

Po. 

Po. 

Appu. 
Apung. 

Bdbd, dp- (with -at, -uing, 
Bdbu. [-um affijced). 

Bdbe. 
Apung. 
A'bd. 

Wdwo, bdba, ddda. 
Bdba. 

Bd7V0y ddda. 
Tdg. 
Bdo. 
Bdba. 
Bakdalta. 
Ba-abba. 
Eiya, bdba. 
Abbd. 
Uwd. 
Abbd. 
A'va. 
Bd. 

Eiidei. 

Tandei, tagappan, appan. 

Caret. 

Appan. 

Tandriy abba. 

Caret. 

Appa, tande. 

Amme. 

Caret. 

Eyyan. 

Eyan, eiyan. 

Eyan, eiyane. 

Appa, tande. 

Tande. 

Amnte, amma. 

Tahappen, pit ha, thathd. 

Piyd, appd. 



Digitized by 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



FEU— FEUER—F IRE— OGON— IGNIS. 



121 



Types, 



•« (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 

Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



a 



i 






^ 



z 






'S 



I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, . 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochd, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {.written), 
Tibetan \spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
GiSrung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wiling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourisya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bildli, . . 

Sing-pdng, 

Ddmi, . . 

Khiling, . 

Dungnadli, 

Dirhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kasonda, « 
TMm, . . 

Lepdia (Sikkim), 



Agni, 

Ndr, 

Su. 

Dili. 

Tuz, 

Atesh. 

Mahzwa, 

Tsetskhli. 

Gheiy ghai 

Tua, 

Genni, 

Latu. 

Apu 

Ho. 

Ho. 

Fo. 

Hu. 

He. 

Hi. 

Khdk/iar. 

Ak-khd. 

Timi. 

Meh. 

Sa-meh. 

Meh. ' 

Kwdl. 

U-mah. 

Md. 

Me. 

Me. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Me. 

Mhe. 

Hme. 

A'go. 

Mi. 

Me. 

Mi. 

Ml. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mti. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

Mi. 

A'-ge. 

Agi. 

Mi. 

Me, mi. 

Md-i. 

Me. 

A'ghi. 

Agi. 

Mi. 
ML 






I 



I 



I 



s 

^ 



Bodo, . 




. . IVat. 


Dhimdl, 




. . Me. 


Kocch, 




. . Agni. 


Garo, . 




. . Ver, wal. 


Kichiri, 




. . Od. 


' Munipuri, . . 


. . Mei. 


Mfthdn Nigd, . 


. . Van. 


TablungNdgd, . 


. . A'h. 


KhiriNig^. . 


. McUsii. 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 


. Mi. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 


. Van. 


Nowgong N^d, 


. Mi. 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


. Masi. 


Abor Miri, . . 


. Erne. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 


Umme. 


Deoria Chutia, . 


. Nye. 


Singpho, . . . 


. Wan. 


' Burman {.written). 


. M/. 


Burraan {spoken), . 


. M/. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. Mi. 


Kimi, .... 


. Md-i. 


Kdmi, 


. Mhd4. 


Mni v. Toung, . 


. Mdi. 


^Sak, .... 


. Bd-in. 


' Talain v. Mon, . 


. Ka-moL 


Sgau-karen, . . 


, May-Uy md-u. mi-uh. 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. . Mi. 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. . May. 


Shin, .... 


. . Hpihn. 


Annamitic, . . 


. . Li^a. 


Siamese, . . . 


. . Thwajcu. 


Ahom, .... 


. . Fai. 


Khdmti, . . . 


. . Fai. 


^Laos, .... 


. . Fai. 


rHo(Kol), . . 


. . Sengel. 


Kol (Singhbhum), 


. . Sengel. 


Santili, . . . 


. . Sengel. 


Bhdmij, 




. . Sengel. 


Urdon, 




. . Chik. 


Mundala, 




. . Singil. 


Rijmahali 




. . Chi-che. 


Gondi, 




. . Kis. 


Gayeti, 




. . Kis. 


Riiduk, 




. . Kis. 


Naikude, 




. . Kick. 


Kolami, 




. . Kis. 


Midi, . 




, . Kis. 


Mddia, 




. Kis. 


Kuri, . 




. Singal. 


Keikddi, 




. Narpu. 


Khond, . 




. Nddi. 


Sdvara, 




. Togo. 


Gadaba, . 




. Sungol. 


Yenikala, , 




. Nerupu. 


Chentsu, . 




. Agin. 


' Tamil, anc. 


> • . « 


. Azhal. 


Tamil, mod., . . . 


. Neruppu, tl 


Malaydlma, anc, 


. Caret. 


Malaydlma, mod., , 


. Ti. 


Telugu,* . . . , 


. Nippu. 


Karndtaka, anc, 


. Caret. 


Karadtaka, mod., . 


. Benki. 


Tuluva, . . . . 


. Tu. 


Kurgi, 


Caret. 


Toduva,) . . . 
To^a, ; . . . 


. Caret. 


. NMy dilth. 


K6ta, 


. Dije. 


Baraga, . . . . 


. Kichchu. 


Kufumba, . . . 


, Kichchu. 


Imla, 


. Tu, ti. 


Malabar, . . . . 


. NeruppUy thee, kanali. 


Sinhalese, . 


. . . 


. Gini. 



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124 



POISSON— FISCH— FISH— RUIBA— PISCIS. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



Types. 


\ 


Bodo, 


Nd,gnd. 


go 
1 (SANSKfLIT, , 

^ (Arabic, . 








Matsya^ mina^jhasha. 
Samak, 




Dhimil, 
Kocdi, 
Garo, . , 





Haiyd, hiyH. 

Mitch. 

Nd. 


s 


Bask, . . 








Arraiy arrain. 


^ 


[Kichiri, . 




m. 




Finnic, . 








Kola, 




' Munipuri, . . . 


Caret. 




Magyar, . 








Hal, 


•>• 


MfthinNigi, . . 


Ngid. 


^ 


Turkish, . 








BaluK 


1 


Tablung Nigd, . . 


Nydle. 


I 


Circassian, 








Zeyshi, tzey. 


■^ 


Khiri Nigd, . . . 


Anghd. 


Georgian, 








Thev-zi. 


"^ 


Angimi Nigi, . . 


Kho. 


Mongolian, 








Dshigason, 


i 


Nimsdng Nigi, . . 


, Ngd. 


C 


Mantshu, 








Nimakha. 


Nowgong Nigi, 


. Angu. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Iwak, 


■i; 


Tengsa Nigi, . . 


Angu. 




Javanese, Krama, 




Ulam. 


f 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. Engo. 




Malay, . . . 




Ikan. 


1 


Sibsigar Miri, . . 


. Orgo. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Yii. 


1 


Deoria Chutia, . . 
Singpho, .... 


. Tsingd. 
. Nga. 


> 


Chinese, Canton, 




U. 


•| 


' Burman {written). 


■ N^-f. 


•1 ' 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




'Ng. 


£ 


Burman (spoken), . . 


• iigd. 


*^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Hi. 


"^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Ngau, 




Japanese, 








Siwo. 




Kimi, 

Kdmi, 


. Mo-i. 
. Ngho. 


Rahul, . 








Caret. 


-§ 


Mni v. Toung, .. . 


. Ddm. 


5* 


' Gydmi, . 








Yue. 




Sik, 


. Pan-nd. 


g 


Gydrung, . 








Chu-ngyo-^ 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


. Ka. 


4 


Tdkpa, . 








Gnd, nyd. 


S' 
g 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Caret. 


^\) 


Mdnyak, . 








Yii. 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. Caret. 


1 ' 


Thochd, . 








Izhdh. 




Toungh-thu, . . . 


. Lita. 


! 


Sokpa,. . 








Khele. 


Shin, 


. Pa. 


Horpa, 








Hyd. 





Annaraitic, . . . 


. Kd. 


i 


Tibetan (written), 






Nyd. 


h 


Siamese, .... 


. Para, pla. 


a 


Tibetan (spoken). 






Gnd. 


•3 


Ahom, .... 


. Pld. 










^ 


Khimti, .... 


. Pd. 




rSerpa, . . . 






Gnd. 




Laos, 


. Pd. 


^ 
t* ' 


SiSnwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Mdrmi, . 
Magar, . 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 








Gnan. 
Tdngnd. 
Tarnya. 
Dishe. 




'Ho(Kol), . . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), . 
Santili, .... 


. Haku. 
. Hdku. 
. Kdrseld, hdku, utu (relish). 


1 








Trang-gfid. 
Mdchkd. 
Nyd. 
Gna. 




BhiSmij, 
Urion, 
Mundala, 
Rijmahali 
Gondi, . 




. Hat. 

Info. 

Hdku. 
, Min. 
. Min. 




' Kirdnti, . 








Gna. 


% 


Gayeti, 




. Min. 




Rodong, . 








Gnd-sa. 


Rutluk, 




Caret. 




RiSngchenbung, , 






Gnd. 


<^ , 


Naikude, 




Keiye. 




Chhingtdngya, . 






Gnd'Sa. 


1 


Kolami, 




. Kei. 


^ 


Ndchhereng, . 






Gnd. 


^ 


Midi, . 




. Min. 


I 


Wiling, . 








Gnd. 


^ 


Midia, 




Min. 


1^ 


Ydkha, . 








. Gndrsa. 




Kuri, . 




Kaku. 


^ 


Chourdsya, 








Gno-so. 




Keikidi, 




Min. 


"^ 


Kulungya, 








Gnd. 




Khond, 




Mininga. 


1 


Thulungya, 








Gno-sa^ gno-swe^ 




Sivara, 




A'yo. 


Bdhingya, . 








. Gnd. 




Gadaba, 




Adddm. 


Lohorong, 








Gnd'Sa. 




Yerukala, 




, Minu. 


Lambichhong 


> 






Gnd-sd. 




Chentsu, 




Maistso. 


ii 


BdMli, . . 








Gnd. 




' Tamil, anc. 




, Puzhal. 




Sing-ping, 








Gnd. 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


Min. 




Diimi, . . 








Gno. 




Malayilma, anc, 


Caret, 




Khiling, . 








Gno. 




Malayiima, mod., . 


Min. 




Dungniili, 








Gnd. 




Telugu, .... 


Minuy (mod.) chepa. 




' Dirhi, . . 








Md-chha. 




Karnitaka, anc, 


Caret. 


1 


Denwir, . 








Ma-chhe. 


1 


Karnitaka, mod., . 


Minu. 


Pahri, . . 








Nyo-jd. 


1 


Tujuva, .... 


Min. 


i 


Chepkng, . 
Bhrimu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 








Nyd, nga. 
Nd-ngd. 
Ho. 
Jhd'in. 
Gnd'Sa. 


1 


Kurgi, 

Toduva, ) . . . 
Toda, j . . . 

K6ta, 

Badaga, 


Caret. 

Caret. 

Min. 

Mine. 

Minu. 


"^ 


Thini. . . 








Machheri. 




Kurumba, . . . 


Minu. 












Irula, 


Minu. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




Gno. 




Malabar, .... 


Min, matcham. 




Bhiitini v. U 


lop 


a, 




Gnyd. 




^ Sinhalese, 




Matsia. 



Digitized by 



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CHAP. IV.— NODNS.] 



FLEUR— BLUME— F LO WE R— TSVYET— FLOS. 



125 



.SP 



Types. 



h 



K 



Z 



k 



•^ (Sanskrit, 
«|^ (Arabic, 

Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Kmma, 

Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai. 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gyimi, 
Gyirung, 
Tikpa, 
Minyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (wrUtm)^ 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Gdning, 

Mdrmi, 

Magar, 

Thiksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wiling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdlili, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khiling, . 
Dungmdli, 

' Dirhi, . . 
Denwir, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
KusiukdOy • 
TMni,. . 

Lepdia (iSkkim), 
Bhtlt^ T. Lli€pa, 



I 

I 

I 



I 
I 



fiq 



Pushpa, 
Zakr, 

LorCy lora, 
Kukka. 
Virag, 
Chichek^ 
S'areke, 
Qvavilu 
TsUshik. 
Ilkha, 
Khnbang. 

B^nga. 

Hwd. 

Hwd. 

Fd, 

Hwo. 

Hoe. 

Hana. 

Pulle. 

Khwd. 

Tau-den. 

Mento, 

Mento. 

Ldmpdh. 

Chichuk 

Mdo, 

Metog, 

Mentok. 

Mendok. 

Phu. 

Tdh. 

Mendi^. 

Sdr. 

Ro. ' 

Phul. 

Sjvong, 

PhiHtng, 

B^ngivaL 

Bii^gnd. 

B^ngwaL 

Phitng. 

BH, 

Biting, 

Ph^ng. 

Ph^ri. 

Bung. 

Bun^ma. 

Phung. 

Bting, 

Phung, 

Bung^ b^ng'Wa, 

Biin-wa. 

P^mmd. 

P&ngmd. 

P^ng. 

Ph^L 

Ph^, 

So-no. 

Do, ro, 

A'Wai, 

Pum-miy pung-mL 

PhUI. 

Gipodfk 

Pkul, 



Rip. 



1 


Bodo, . . 




. BMr. 


Dhimdl, . 




. Lh^. 


"^ . 


Kocch, . 




. Phid. 


■*! 


Garo, . . 




. Parr. 


^' 


Kdchiri, . 




. Dolong piper. 




Munipuri, . . . 


. Lei. 


1 


MfthinNigd, . . 


. Maipoa. 


Tablung Ndgi, . . 


Chupeng. 


KhdriNigi,. . . 


. 'Taben. 


'^ 


Angdmi Nigi, . . 


. Popu. 


••1 


Nimsdng Ndgd, 


Chongpo. 


1 ' 


Nowgong Nigi, . 


. Nam. 


t^ 


Tengsa Ndgi, . . 


. Nolong. 


s 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. A'pun. 


Sibsigar Miri, . . 


. A'pun. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


. Ibd. 




Singpho, . . . . 


. Siban. 


1 


' Burman (writun). 


. Van. 


1 


Burman {spoken), . . 


. Vdn. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


. Papd. 


^' 


Kdmi, 


. A-pd. 


» 


Kdmi, 


. Ka-shyoung. 


"i 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


. Pd-ou. 


^ 


.Sik, 


. A'pdn. 


Talain v. Mon, . . 


. Koung. 


^ 


Sgau-karen, . . , 


. Paw, phoh. 




Pwo-karen, . . 


. Paw. 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. Ken. 


K ■ 

9 


Shin, . . . . 


. Mau. 


Annamitic, . . 


. Hoa. 


«?) 


Siamese, . . . 


. . Towkma, dokmai. 


•2 


Ahom, . . . 


, . Blok. 


Co 


Khimti, . . . 


. . Mok. 




Laos, .... 


. . Dok. 




'Ho(Kol), . . 


. . Bah. 




Kol (Singhbhum), 


. . Bowh. 




Santili, . . . 


. . BuU. 




Bhiimij, 




. . Baha. 




Urion, . 




. . Phup. 




Mundala, 




. . Baha. 




Rijmahali 




. . Pup. 




Gon^i, . 




. . Phuly pungdr. 


•S 


Gayeti, 




. . Pungdr. 


1 


Rutluk, 




. . Pungdr. 


S ^ 


Naikude, 




. . Putd. 


Kolami, 




. . Phuei. 


^ 


Midi, . 




. . Pungdr, pungdrij puitd. 




Midia, . 




. . Pungdr. 




Kuri, . 




. . Phul. 




Keikidi, 




. . Phuo. 




Khon^, 




. . Sdru. 




Sivara, 




. . Taraba. 




Gadaba, 




. . Sari. 




Yenikala, 




. . Pmrvu. 




Chentsu, 




. . Ph^l. 




' Tamil, anc., . . 


. . Alar. 




Tamil, mod., . . 


. . PH. 




Malayilma, anc, 


. . Caret. 




Malayijma, mod., 


. . P^. 




Telugu, . . . 


, . Puwu, piuvu. 




Karaitaka, anc. 


. Puwu, pu. 


1 


Kar^i^ka, mod., . 


. Huwu, hikm. 


sS 
^ 


Tuluva, . . . , 


. Pu. 




Kurgi, . . . . 


. Caret. 


J 


Toduva,) . . , 
To^a, ; . . . 


. Puwu. 


I 


. Pif. 


K6ta, 


. Five. 




Baraga, . . . . 


. H^ou. 




Kurumba, . . . 


. Bia>. 




IniK 


. Pu. 




Malabar, . . . . 


. Pu,putpam. 




Sinhalese,. 


. . . 


. Mala. 



Digitized by 



Google 



126 



PIED— FUSS-FOOT— NOGA— PES. 



[CHAP. IV. — NOUNS. 






.^ 



«^ 



S 



I 



I 

I 



I 



. Types- 

I < Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 

Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krania, 

Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrang, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 
Tibetan {ivritten\ 

Tibetan (spoken), 

'Seipa, . 
SiSnwdr, 
Giining, 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thiksya, 
Pikhya, 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

RiSngchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Nichhereng, 

Wiling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bihingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdlili, . . 

Sing-pdng, 

Ddmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

DungmdJi, 

f Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdrau, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



I 



Pddypad. 
Rijly kadam. 

On, oih, 
Jalka. 
Lab. 
Ayak, 
Tiako. 
Per hi, pelL 
Olmaiy fciil, 
Bdkhe. 
Sikil. 
Suku, 
Kaku 

Kioh. 
Chio. 
Keuk. 
Kidh. 

AshL 

Nath. 

Chya-a. 

Tdmi, 

Lemi, 

Lipchheh^ 

Jdko. 

KhoiL 

Ko. 

^Rkangpa. 

Kdngo, 

Kdngo. 

Khwdu 

Bhaie. 

Bale, 

MihiL 

Malethin, male. 

Caret, 

Fdli. 

Langdaphe. 

ITkhuro. 

Phm, 

Langtemma, wukhuro, 

Lang, \ukhuro. 

La, lophoma, 

Ldngkutem, 

Lang-idpi, 

Losu, 

Long, 

Phankhel, 

Kholi-blem, 

Ldng phokma, 

Temmaldng, 

Ldk^ phekma, 

Ldn-phdma, 

Sydb, yti, 

Sydl, 

Ldng, 

God, 

God, 

Li, 

La. 

ITn-zik. 

Le, 

Gor. 

Chdn, 

Pdngo go4a. 

Diangiiok, 
Kdnglep, 









.^ 



■^ 



^ 

^ 



.5' 






I 



4 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

' Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong N^d^ 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman (writun), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . 
Kiimi, . 
Mni V. Toung. 
iSdk, . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum), 
Santdli, 
Bhumij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 
Gondi, . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . 
Keikddi, 
Khond, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukala, 
Chentsu, 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malay dl ma, anc, 
Malaydima, mod 
Telugu, . . 
Kan^idtaka, anc, 
Karnataka, mod. 
Tujiiva, 
Kurgi, . 
Toduva,) 
To^a, ; 
K6ta, . 
Badaga, 
Kufumba, 
Irula, . 
Malabar, 
Sinhalese, 



Ydppd, 
Khokoi, 
Bhori, 

Chaplap, 
Atheng, 

Khung'Pa, 
Tchyd, 
Yah-lan. 
Tachang, 
Uphi, 
Dd, 

Tatsung. 
Tcuhing. 
Ale, 
A'le, 
Ydpdsu. 
Lagbng, 

Khre, 

Khye, khyd-hlouk, 

Ka-ko, 

A-kho, 

Khou, 

Khouk, 

A-tar. 

Htsihn, 

Kaw. 

Kang, 

Khan. 

Ten. 

Shdn, 

Tenn, tin. 

Tin. 

Tin. 

Tin. 

Katta, 

Kdtd 

Jdnga, kurd, supti-jdnga. 

Kdtd 

Dappe. 

Kdtd 

Kev. 

Kalk, kol. 

Kol. 

Kal. 

Talgatta. 

Taral, 

Kal, 

Kal, erpwugu 

Jang, 

Kal, 

Vestdmu. 

Aji. 

Adiigesendnu, 

Medapdn, keru. 

Khoju. 

Kazhal. 

A4i, pddam. 

Caret. 

Ati. 

A4ugu, pddamu, kdlu. 

Adi. 

liefje. 

ILajji. 

Caret. 

Orri, 

Kdl. 

Kdlu, 

Kdlu, 

Kdlu, 

Kdlu. 

Kdl,pdtham,thdl,ade. 

Paya. 



■UtaBiiaai 



■'^-" '-' --■^-- 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



CHEVRE—ZIEGE— GOAT— KOZEL— CAPER. 



127 



Types. 

vg (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 












53 

2 



I 



I 
I 

I 

I 



^ 
^ 



eJ; 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, . 

Gydmi, 

Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Minyak, . 
Thochd, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (writun\ 
Tibetan (spoken)^ 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
MUrmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newir, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

W^ing, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

LambicWhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khiling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
^ Thiru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhvitini v. Lhopa, 



Chhdga. 
Maaz. 

Auniz, 
Kauris. 
Keoske. 
Kechi, 
Tshenney, 
ThkhcrvL 

Ilmaghan^ imaghan. 
Niman, 
Wedus, 
Mendd, 
Kambing, 

Shdn-yang. 
Shdn-yang, 
Shdn-yeong. 
San-ydng. 

Yiigi. 

Caret. 

CMfyu. 

Kus-so. 

Rd. 

Tsdh. 

TsdJi. 

Yd-md. 

Chhe. 

Rd. 

Rd. 

Rd. 

Charsye. 

Ra. 

Rd. 

Rha. 

Rdmo. 

Boko. 

Chole. 

Menda. 

Chhengdr. 

Chhang-gara. 

Chkeng-gara. 

Mendiba. 

Chhdngara^ 

Bdkara. 

Mer^hibak. 

Sdngara. 

Chhdr^'gara. 

Chhuidnra. 

Sonff gara. 

Mithuba. 

Mefidi. 

Mithibd. 

Chhdti-gara. 

Groty chatigur. 

Grodyu. 

Chhdgar. 

Chdg-ri, cha-g-ri. 

Chd-gdry cha-ga-r. 

Chd-ld. 

Me-syd, mi-chd. 

Mi-chhay mi-ch-ya. 

Chl-ii. 

Chd-g^ri^ cha^a-ri. 

Mijha. 

Chhegadi. 

Soar. 
Rdh. 






I 

I 



I 
I 



Bodo, Burmd. 


Dhimil, 








. E ec/id. 


Kocch, 








. Chdgoi, bdkri, pdtha. 


Garo, . 








. Mnin. 


Kich^, 








. Borma. 


' Munipuri, 






. Humeng. 


Mfthdn Ndgd, 






. Ron. 


Tablung N^d, 






. Yun. 


Khiri Ndgd, . 






. Nabong. 


Angdmi Ndgd, 






. Tanii. 


Ndmsing Ndgi, 






. Kien. 


Nowgong N^d, 






. Nabung. 


Tengsa Ndgd, 






. Nabung. 


Abor Miri, . 






Shuben. 


Sibsdgar Miri, 






. Sdgoli. 


Deoria Chutia, 






Lipeduru. 


Singpho, . . 






. Bainam. 


' Burman (writun). 






. Chhit. 


Burman {spoken). 






. Sheik, hlsiet. 


Khyeng v. Shou 






. Ma. 


Kdmi, . . . 






. Tso^e. 


Kiimi, . . . 






. Mi-e. 


Mni V. Toung, 






Ta-rau-a. 


Sdk, . . . 






. Ki-bi. 


Talain v. Mon, 






. Khapa. 


Sgau-karen, . 






. Mai-tai-lai^ mi-tei-ieh. 


Pwo-karen, . 






. Bi. 


Toungh-thu, . 






. Bay. 


Shin, . . . 






. Fd. 


Annamitic, . 






. DL 


Siamese, . . 






. Hpd,pe. 


Ahoni, . . . 






. Fengd. 


Khdmti, . . 






. Fe. 


Laos, . . . 






. Fe. 


' Ho (Kol), . 






Merom. 


Kol (Singhbhuir 


0, 




. Meram. 


Santdli, . . 






. Merom, bodd (male), chadi 


Bhdmij, 








. Meram. [(bridal gift). 


Urdon, 








. £ra. 


Mundala, 








Meram. 


Rdjmahali 








, Kre. 


Gondi, . 








Bokra, bokadai(m,)\yetti{{.). 


Gayeti, 








Bokadal (m.) ; yeti, here (£). 


Ruduk, 








Bukaral (m.) ; edi (f.). 


Naikude, 








Meka. 


Kolami, 








Meke. 


Mddi, . 








Bokada (m.) ; yatti {(.). 


Mddia, . 








Edhi. 


Kuri, . . 








Bongara, siri. 


Keikddi, 








Ad 


Khond, . 








Vodangd. 


Sivara, 








Kime. 


Gadaba, . 








Yimme. 


Yenikala, . 








A4^. 


Chentsu, . 








Chheli. 


Tamil, anc, . . 






Vellei. 


Tamil, mod., . . 






A'du. 


Malaydlma, anc, . 




Caret. 


Malaydlma, mod., . 




VeUdta. 


Telugu,' .... 




Meka. 


Karndtaka, anc, 




Caret. 


Karndiaka, mod., . 




Kuri. 


Tuluva, .... 




Edu. 


Kurgi, . . . . 






Kuri. 


Toduva,) . . 
Toda, 1 . . 






Adr. 






A4u. 


K6ta, .... 






A4u. 


Badaga, . . . 






Adu. 


Kurumba, . . 






Adu. 


Irula, .... 






Adu. 


Malabar, . . . 






Adu, veiladu. 


Sinhalese, . 


. 






Eiud. 



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128 



CHEVEU— HAAR— HAIR— VOLOS— CRINIS. 



[chap. IV. — NOUNS. 



Types. 

-^ (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 



1 



i 






S 



J 



I 

i 



I 



I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
T^pa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Giirung, 

Mdrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pikhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Choui4sya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
DiSmi, . . 
Khiling, . 
Dungmili, 

Dirhi, . . 
Denw^, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



Kda, 
Shaar, 

Illcy ule^ bilo. 

Hiwus. 

Hajak. 

Sack, 

Shatzey, skahtsu 

Thma, 

Usony usun. 

Funtyekhe, 

Rambut, 

Rema, 

RambuL 

Fahy mdou. 
Fa, mdou. 
Fdt, mk 
DeU'feh. 
Miig. 
Kami, ke. 

Pishkou. 

ThoU'phwd. 

Tar-ni. 

Pu; krd (of the head). 

Mui; tsi (of the head). 

Hompd, grong ; kachu (of 

JQchlge. [the head). 

SpH. 

Sh'd, {pu. 

Td, krd. 

Td. 

Chang. 

Moi. 

Krd. 

Chham. 

Chham. 

Rdwa. 

Song. 

Thagi. 

Mod. 

Mus'ya, twong. 

Md-a. 

Tang' phuhva. 

Taa sdm. 

Tdng-miiwa. 

Tdng-phdng'Wa. 

Som. 

Mui, tosum. 

Sem, swem. 

Chdm, siing. 

Tagna\ mih\ 

Miing, tang-phukwa. 

Tagnd, cJidmi, mung. 

Mu-wa, idmusdm. 

Dosum, usom. 

Umarsam, dosamiisam. 

Mu-a. 

Bdr. 

Bdr. 

Son. 

Men. 

Sydm. 

Song, sworn. 

Bdr. 

Gyai-i. 

Bdr. 

Achom, a-chom. 
Kya. 



I 






I 



k 

^ 






6 

i 



>5 



a 



^ 



4 



Bodo, Khanaiy khotnon, 

Dhimil, Mui-tu, moishUy hoshom. 

Kocch, Chuli, rom. 

Garo, Kaman, houru^ 

Kichdri, Kumun. 

Munipuri, .... Thum. 

Mfth^n Ndgd, . . . Kho. 

Tablung Ndgd, . . . Min, su. 

Khdri Ndgd, .... Kwd. 

Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Atsiithd. 

Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . Kacho. 

Nowgong Ndgd, . . Ko. 

Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Ku. 

Abor Miri, .... Dumit. 

Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Dunud. 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Kin. 

Singpho, Kard. 

Burman {laritten), . . Chhangbang. 

Burman (spoken),- . . . S'haben, htsaben. 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Lu-sdm. 

Kdmi, A-s'hdm. 

Kiimi, Shdm. 

Mni V. Toung, . . . S'hdm. 

Sdk, Kumi. 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Swet. 

Sgau-karen, .... Ko-thUy kho4hu. 

Pwo-karen, .... Ku-ihu. 

Toungh-thu, .... Ta-lu. 

Shdn, Khon-ho. 

Annamitic, .... Tok. 

Siamese, Hpohn,phom. 

Ahom, Phrum. 

Khdmti, Phom. 

Laos, P/wm. 

Ho(Kol), .... irp. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Ub. 

Santdli, Ub, up, hdid. 

BhiSmij, ...... Ub. 

Urdon, Chutti. 

Mundala, Up. 

Rdjmahali, .... Tali. 

Gondi, Robdng, chuti. 

Gayeti, Chuti. 

Rutluk, Roba-chuti. 

Naikude, Til. 

Kolami, Til. 

Mddi, Kelku. 

Mddia, Kalak. 

Kuri, Katha. 

Keikddi, . . . ". . Mcir. 

Khond, Tldmberakha. 

Sdvara, Avu. 

Gadaba, Jctrli. 

Yerukala, Vondu, moguru. 

Chentsu, Kerns. 

Tamil, anc, .... Kuzhal. 

Tamil, mod., .... Mayir, meir. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydima, mod., . . Talamuti. 

Telugu, Ventruka. 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 

Karadtaka, mod., . . Kudalu. 

Tuluva, KMalu. 

Kurgi, Orama. 

Toduva,) .... Mir. 

Toda, ) . . . . Mir. 

K6ta, Mire. 

Badaga, Mande, kMalu. 

Kurumba, .... Kudalu. 

Irula, Meiru. 

Malabar, Mayir, romam. 

Sinhalese, Kes. 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



MAIN— HAND— HAND— RUKA—MANUS. 



129 





Types. 


% 


' Bodo, Akhai, ndkhai. 


& 


t 


Dhimdl, . 






. Khur. 


•^ (Sanskrit, .... Hasta^pdnu 


^. 


Kocch, . 






. Hdth. 


^ (Arabic, 








. Yidd, 


^ 


Garo, . • . 






Chdkreng. 


*s 


'Bask, . 
Finnic, 








. Escu. 
. Kasi. 


"k 


Kdchdri, . 
' Munipuri, 






(palm) nashitola^ nashi naka. 
. Khiit-pdk. 




Magyar, 








Kes, 


•vl 


MfthdnNdgd, . 




. Chak. 


^ 


Turkish, 








Yei. 


1 

> 


Tablung Ndgd, . 




. Yak. 


"§ 


Circassian, . . 






Euyg, eh. 


t^ 


Khdri Ndgd, . . 




. Tak-hd. 


r 


Georgian, . . 






Heli, kheiu 


■^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 




. Abi. 


Mongolian, . 






Ghar, 


1 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, 




. Dak. 


e 


Mantshu, . . 






Gala, 


p 


Nowgong Ndgd, 




. Tekhd. 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 




Tangan, 


(^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 




. TekMt. 




Javanese, Krama, , 




Tangan, 


^ 


Abor Miri, . . 




. A'ldk. 




Malay, . . . 




Tdngan, 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 




, Eldg 




■ Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Shau, 
Shau, 


•^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 




Otun. 
Letid. 


R= 


Chinese, Canton, . 




Shau. 


1 


' Burman {wriuen). 




Lak. 


1' 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Seu. 


1 


Burman {spoken), . 




Let. 


>^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Chm. 


<! 


Khyeng v. Shou, 




Kuth. 




Japanese, . 






Te. 


8 


Kdmi, 

Kilmi, .... 




A-ku. 
Ka. 


Brahuf, . . 






. £hi. 


1 


Mni v. Toung, . 




Rut. 


:i 


' Gydmi, 








. Sjytiy syeu. 




^Sdk, .... 




Ta-ku. 




Gydrung, 








. Ta-yah. 




' Talain v. Mon, . 




Tway. 


h 


Tdkpa, 








. Ld. 


1 


Sgau-karen, . . 




SUy tsu. 


Mdnyak, 








. Ldp-cheh. 


Pwo-karen, . . 




. Su. 


I- 


Thochii, 








Jipah. 




Toungh-thu, . . 




. Su. 


1 


Sokpa, . 








, Kar, 




Shdn, .... 




. Mi. 


Horpa, 








, Zhd, 


Annamitic, . . 




. Tay. 


1 


Tibetan {written). 






. Ldg-pd. 


Siamese, . . . 




, Mo, mu. 


is 


Tibetan [spokai). 






Ldngo. 


•2 


Ahom, . . . . 




. Khd. 










«o 


Khdrati, . . . 




. Mu. 




Serpa, . . . 






Ldngo, 




Laosu .... 

"ho(Ko1), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 




, Mil 


1 


SiSnwdr, 
Giirung, 

\fi1mni 








. Table, gwL 
. Laptd. 
Yd. 






. n. 

. Thi. 




XVI. ui 1111. 1 

Magar, 

Th^ksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newir, 

Limbu, 








\ Hut-pidk. 
, Ydydihin. 

Hatkela. 

Pa4dhd. 

Huktdphe. 




Santdli, . . , 
Bhilmij, . . . 
Urdon, , . . 
Mundala, . . . 
Rdjmahali, . . 
Gopdi, . . . 




. Ti, luld, tdlakhd = palms. 
T/u. 

Khekhdh. 
Tihi. 
Sesu. 
Kaik, kyk. 




' Kirdnti, 








Chiikuphemd. 


1 


Gayeti, . . . 




Caret. 




Rodong, 








Chhuku-phema. 


1 


Rutluk, .... 




Caret. 




Riingchenbung, . 






Chhukhu-phema. 




Naikude, . . . 




Caret. 




Chhingtingya, . 






M^k. 


^ 

i 


Kolami, . . . 




Caret. 


^ 


Ndchhereng, . , 






HM. 


Mddi, 




Caret. 


1 


Wdling, . . 






Chhuk. 




Mddia, .... 




Caret. 


^ 


Ydkha, . . 






Muktdpi. 




Kuri, 




Caret. 


1 


Chourdsya, . , 






Ld. 




Keikddi, .... 




Caret. 


Kulungya, 






H^h'phdma. 




Khond, .... 




Kdju. 


1" 


Thulungya, . . 






Lwdblem. 




Sdvara, .... 




Asi. 


^ 


Bdhingya, . . , 






Gtiblem. 




Gadaba, .... 




Titti. 


'"i 


Lohorong, . . 






Huh'phekma. 




Yerukala,. . . . 




Kayi, ki. 


1 


Lambichhong, 






Temma-muk. 




Chentsu, .... 




Hdt. 


t^ 


Bdldli, . . . . 
Sdng-pdng, . , 
Diimi, . . . , 
Khdling, . . , 
^ Dungmdli, . . 

' Ddrhi, . . - . 






Htiphek^-ma. 
HufC-phdma. 
Khar, kh^r. 
Phlemkhar. 
ChhUk. 

Hdt. 




' Tamil, anc, . . . 
Tamil, mod., . . . 
Malaydjma, anc, . 
Malaydlma, mod., . 
Telugu,' .... 
Karndtaka, anc. 




Tot{?). 

Kai. 

Card. 

Kai. 

Cheyyi. 

TolQ). 


1 


Denwdr, 
Pahri, . 








Hdth. 
Ld. 


1. 


Karndtaka, mod., . 
Tuliiva, .... 




Kayi. 
Kai. 




Cheping, 
Bhrdmu, 








Kui4, U-t-pa. 
Bhi4. 


"5 


Kurgi, . . . 
Toduva,) . 
Toda, ]■ . 






Kei. 
Kayi. 


{^ 


Viyu, . 








Got. 


4 






Koi. 




Kuswar, 








, Hdth. 




Kdta, . . . 






Kei. 


05 


Kusunda, 
Thdni.. 








, Gipan. 
. Tar-hatti. 




Badaga, . . 
Kurumba, 






Kd. 
Kd. 


*• ' 










Irula, . . . 






Kd. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




, Kaliok. 




Malabar, . . 






Kaiy karam, at4ham. 




Bhiitdni v. 


Lhop 


a, 




. Ldppa. 




^ Sinhalese, 






Ata. 



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I30 



TETE— KOPF— H E A D—GOLOVA— CAPUT. 



[chap. IV. — NOUNS. 



. Types. 

•o (Sanskrit, 
<| (Arabic, . 



•I" 
1 

i 









I 



f 



^ 
^ 



Bask, .... 

Finnic, . . . , 
Magyar, . . . , 
Turkish, ... 
Circassian, . . 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . < 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, , 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . . 



'Siras, 
I^ds. 

Bum, 

Pad, 

Fej, 

Bash, 

Tshkha, 

Thavi, 

Tologhai, 

UdshUy utshu, 

Endas, 

Sirah, 

Kapdla, 

Tau, 

Tau, 

Tau, 

Deu, 

Tail, 

Atama^ 



I 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Kdtumb, 

Gydmi, Thau, 

Gyirung, Ta-ko, 

Tdkpa, Gok4i, 

Mdnyak, Wulli, 

Thochii, Kapat, 

Sokpa, Thold'gwe, 

Horpa, Gho, 

Tibetan {written), . . Mgo, 

Tibetan {spoken), ... Go, 

Serpa, Go, 

SiSnwir, Piyd. 

GiSrung, Krd, 

Miirmi, Thobo, 

Magar, Mi-tditi, 

Thdksya, Ta, 

Pdkhya, Manto, 

Newdr, Chhon, 

Limbu, Thagek, 

Kii4nti, Tdr^. 

Rodong, Tdklo, tak-io, 

RiSngchenbung, . . . Tdng^ eu-tdng, 

Chhingtdngya, . . . Tdng, 

Ndchhereng, . . . . Tdk-lo, 

Wdling, Tdng, 

Ydkha, Tukh-ruk, tukhuHtk, t^ 

Choui4sya, .... Fhiitiri, 

Kulungya, .... Tong, 

Thulungya, .... Biii, 

Bdhingya, Piya, 

Lohorong, .... Tdkhroky ning-iang-way 

Lambichhong, . . . Tdng, \ummruma, 

Bdldli, Tdkh4o. 

Sdng-pdng, .... Tdkh^o, 

Ddmi, Dhong, dakhlok, 

Khiling, U-dhong, 

Dungmdli, .... Tdng, um-tdng, 

Ddrhi, MUd, 

Denwir, Mii-dek, 

Pahri, Chh€. 

Chepkng, Td-to^ng, 

Bhrimu, Kd-pd. 

Vdyu, FH-chhi, 

Kuswar, Kd-pd. 

Kusunda, Chipi, 

Thiru, Mu4L 

Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Athiak, 

Bhiitini v. Lhopa, . . GiUoh, 



\khruk. 






.«5 

I 

■a 



I 



I 






I 



Bodo, . 
Dhimil, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthin Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Nigd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Nimsdng N^d, 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {written), 
Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou 
Kimi, . 
Kdmi, . 
Mni v. Toung, 
[Sik, . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhum), 

Santdli, 

Bhiimij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahalij 

Gondi, . 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Mddi, . 

Mddia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikidi, 

Khoi;id, 

Sdvara, 

Gadaba, 

Yenikala, 

Chentsu, 

' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod. 
Telugu,* . . 
Karni^ka, anc, 
Karpd^aka, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, j 
Kdta, . . 
Baraga, . 
Kufimiba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Suahalese, 



Khoro, 
Turing, 
Mura, 
Dakam, 
Khoro, koro. 

Moko, 

Khang, 

Sdng, 

Telim, 

Atsii. 

Kho, 

Takoldk, 

Teko, 

Tuku, mittuk, 

Mittub, 

Gubong, 

Bong, 

Y^ng, 

Ghaung, o-hkaung, 

Lu, 

A4u, 

A-lu, 

Lu, 

A^khu, 

Katau, 

Ko, hko, 

Ko, 

Katu, 

Ho, 

Ddu, 

Kamon, hoa, 

Ru. 

Ho. 

Ho. 

Bo. 
Bu, 

Buho, baha. 
Buho. 
Kuk. 
Bhuo, 
Kupe, 
Taiia, tald. 
Tald. 
Tald, 
Tal. 
Kupdl, 
Tald, talai, 
Tald, 
Dui, 
Talkai. 
Tldvu. 

Abobumv, abumv. 
Bo. 

Vonduy talayi. 
Mltnd. 

Senni. 
Tald. 
Caret. 
Tala. 
Tala. 
Caret. 
Tale. 
Tare. 
Mande, 
Mudd, 
Ma4d, 
'Mande, 
Mande, tdle, 
Mamfe, 
Tele. 

Tlialei, siram. 
Olua, 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



COCHON— SCHWEIN— HOG— SVINYA— SUS. 



131 



go 



Types, 



I 

a 



h 



^ 



I 



} 
I 

I 



I 



5 (Sanskrit, 
'^ (Arabic, 

' Bask, . 
Finnic, 
Magyar, 
Turkish, 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai; 
Amoy, Colloquial, 

^ Japanese. 

Brahul, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
ThochiS, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {writun), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Sdnwdr, 

Giirung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

DiSmi, . . 

KhdUng, . 

Dungmdli, 

f Ddrhi, . 
Denwdr, 
Pahri, . 
Chepkng, 
Bhrdmu, 
Vdyu, . 
Kuswar, 
Kusunda, 
Thdni,. 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



^Stlikara. 
Khanzir, 

Cherriy chatri, yerri, urde. 

Orasa. 

Malac. 

Domuz. 

Koh, 

Gori, 

Khaban. 

Ulghiyan, 

Babi. 

Babi, 

BdbL 

Chii. 
Chu, 

Tu 
Buita. 

Card. 

DM, 
KL 
PM, 
Wdh, 
PL 

Khd'khau 
Vdh. 
Phag. 
Phak-pay phak, 

Phak, 
Po, 
Tilu 
Dhwd. 
Wak, 
Tilu 
Jfar'ra, 
Pha. 
Phag. 

Bhag. 

Bo. 

Bdy ydngbd (wild hog). 

Phak. 

B(H>. 

Boky phdy kkong. 

Phdk. 

Pd. 

Bo-o. 

Bwdy bo. 

Po, 

Ba\ baky bag*. 

Phdk. 

Bdh\ 

Bhd. 

POy pWO. 

Po. 

PdkyPd. 

Su-er. 

Sii-gur. 

Pho. 

Pydypydk. 

Pak'Syd. 

Pogypok. 

Sii-ri. 

Hiy yasa. 

Suwar. 

Mon, 
Phagpo. 



I 



I 
I 

I 



« 

^ 

^ 
^ 



5 

I 



I 
I 






4 



Bodo, . . 

Dhimdl, . 
Kocch, 

Garo, . . 

Kdchdri, . 

Munipuri, . 
Mfthdn N^d, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman {ivn'tten), 
Burman {spoken\ 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . . . 
Kiimi, . . . 
Mni v. Toung, 

[Sdk, ... 



' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shdn, . . . 
Annamitic, . 
Siamese, . . 
Ahom, . . . 
Khdmti, . . 
Laos, . . . 



Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum 
Santdli, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gk)ndi, . . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, . . 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khon<^, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yenikala, . 
Chentsu, . 



' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydjma, mod 
Telugu,* . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karnitaka, mod. 
Tuliiva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva, ) 
To^a, / 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



), 



Yoma. 

Pdyd. 

Suvarypangdrypathi (sow). 

Vak. 

Onia. 

Ok. 

Vak. 
Ak. 
Auk. 
Thavo. 
Vak. 
A'k. 
Ak. 
Yuek. 
Eyeg 
Chu. 
Wd. 

Wak. 

Wet. 

Weuk. 

O. 

A-ou. 

Ta-pdk. 

Vdk. 

Kalet 

TOy tho. 

Tohy htu. 

Htau. 

Mu. 

Heo. 

Mu. 

Mu. 

Mu. 

Mu. 

Sukri. 

Sukri. 

KudUy sukuri. 

Sukri. 

Kis. 

Sukri. 

Kis. 

Paddiy padi. 

Caret. 

Padi. 

Turre. 

Turre. 

Paddiy patti. 

Pahi. 

Chukadi. 

Pani. 

Pajji. 

Kimbo. 

Gibbi. 

Pandri. 

Suwary ghusiri. 

Kezhal, 

Panriy panni. 

Caret. 

Panni. 

Pandi. 

Pandi. 

Handi. 

Panji. 

Pandi. 

Caret. 

Pandij. 

Panje. 

Handij. 

Handij. 

Paniy panni. 

Pandiy sMaram. 

ITrd. 



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132 



CORNE— HORN— HORN— ROG—CORNU. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



Types. 
(Sanskrit, 



*S (Arabic, 



1 
I 



Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish,. . . . 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



I 



*Sringa, 
Korn, 

Adar, 

Sanvu 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Eber, 

Uikhe, uiJte. 

Sungu, 

Singat, 

Tanduk, 

Koh, 

Ko, 

Kok, 

Koh, 

Kak, 

Tsuna, 



s 



} 



3 






I 

I 
I 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahni, Caret, 

Gydmi, Tiko, 

Gydrung, Ta-rvt, 

Tdkpa, Rju-ba, 

Mdnyak, Rti-bu, 

Thochii, Rak, 

Sokpa, Ye-bour. 

Horpa, K-rum-bo, 

Tibetan (written), . . Rd. 

Tibetan {spoken), , . . Rdjo, 

Serpa, Arkyok, 

Siinwdr, Guro, 

Gdrung, Ru, 

Miiraii, Rhii, 

Magar, Mirhdng, 

Thdksya, Ru, 

Pdkhya, Sing, 

Newdr, NM, 

Limbu, Tang, 

Kirdnti, Us-dngd, 

Rodong, Rung, tong, um-tong. 

Rdngchenbung, . . . Usang'ga, 

Chhingtdngya, . . . Sing'ga, 

Ndchhereng, . . . . Td^. 

W^ing, K/iu-jing-tdng, tammi khak, 

Ydkha, Itdng, 

Chourdsya, .... Roso, 
Kulungya, .... U' mpUta, pitta, 

Thulungya, .... Rdng, urn rdng, 

Bdhingya, G-ro-ng, grong, 

Lohorong, .... Tang, kisa tang (deer's). 

Lambichhong, . . . Singa, 

Bdldli, Sdtdng, 

Sing-pdng, .... Tdn, umtdn, 

Diimi, Grong, gro, 

Khdling, Ughrong, 

Dungmdh, .... KhiUkmutdng, 

Ddrhi, Sir^, 

Denwir, Sing, 

Pahri, MhiH-ni, 

Chep^g, Ro-ng, 

Bhrdrau, IT-nyd, ^n-y^t, 

Vdyu, Ru-ng, 

Kuswar, Sing-ek. 

Kusunda, ^ping-jing, 

Thdru, Sit^, 



I 



I 
ft:; 



0C5 






I 



Co 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
BhiStini v. Lhopa, 



Arong, a-rofig, 
Rou, 



I 

i 






Bodo, 


Gong. 


Dhimdl, 


Ddng, 


Kocch, 


Singh, khdg (of a rhino- 


Garo, 


Korong{khorongT), [ceros). 


Kich^, 


Gong. 


' Munipuri, 


Suji, 


MfthdnNdgd, . . . 


Rong, 


Tablung Ndgd, . . . 


Wong, 


KhdriNdgi,. . . , 


Tih. 


Angimi Ndgd, . . . 


Pokhye, 


Nimsdng Ndgd,. . . 


Rong. 


Nowgong N^d, . . 


Tazzu, 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . . 


Tai, 


Abor Miri, . . . , 


A'reng, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


A'reng. 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


Nu. 


Singpho, .... 


Rung, 


' Burraan {written). 


Khyo. 


Burman {spoken), , . 


Ghyo, gyo. 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


A-kyi, 


Kdmi, 


At'ta-ki, 


Kiimi, 


Ta-ki, 


Mni v. Toung, . . 


. A-ndng. 


^Sdk, 


A-rung. 


' Talain v. Mon, . . 


Kareng, 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


, Mr, mr, tha-nah. 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. Nong, 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


, JVung. 


Shdn, 


Khoung, 


Annamitic, . . . 


. SH'ng. 


Siamese, .... 


, Khoung, khau. 


Ahom, 


. Khau, 


Khdmti, .... 


, Khau, 


Laos, 


. Khau, 


'Ho(Kol), . . . 


, Sakwa, 


Kol (Singhbhum), . 


Dring, 


Santdli, .... 


. Dereng, daring. 


Bhiimij, .... 


Derring. 


Urdon, .... 


Mdrag, 


Mundala, .... 


. Daring, 


Rdjmahali, . . . 


, Mdrg 


Gondi, 


Singh, kor; kokak (pi.). 


Gayeti, .... 


. Kor; kohak (pi). 


Rutluk, .... 


. Singi'kor. 


Naikude, .... 


. Komul, 


Kolami, .... 


, Pedata, 


Mddi, 


. Kor, korru; kohak, bar ay a 


Mddia, .... 


, Caret, [(pL). 


Kuri, 


. Singi, 


Keikddi, .... 


, Caret, 


Khond, .... 


, Kosko. 


Sdvara, .... 


. AJigna. 


Gadaba, .... 


Nirri, 


Yerukala,. . . . 


Kommu. 


Chentsu, .... 


. Sing, 


' Tamil, anc, . . . 


. Kbdu, 


Tamil, mod., . . . 


. Kombu. 


Malaydlma, ana, 


. Caret, 


Malaydlma, mod., . 


. Komba, 


Telugu, .... 


, Kommu, 


Karndtaka, anc, 


Caret, 


Karndtaka, mod., . 


, Kb4u, kombu. 


Tuliiva, .... 


, Kombu, 


" Kurgi, 


. Caret. 


To^uva,) . . . 
Toda, j . . . 


Kurr. 


, Kuar, 


K6ta, 


, Khobe (kobel). 


Badaga, .... 


. Khodu, khombu (kodu ?). 


Kurumba, . . . 


, Khombu (kombu ?), 
, Khombu {kombu ?), 


Inila, 


Malabar, .... 


, Kombu, kodu {khombu f). 


Sinhalese,. . . . 


. Anga. 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



CHEVAL-PFERD—HORSE— LOSHAD (KON)~EQUUS. 



'33 



Types. 

•^ (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 



2^ 

I 

I 



& 



h 
•I 

I 



I 

I 

I 



Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, .... 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, . . . , 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, HulL 



Gydmi, . . . 

Gy^rung, . . . 

Tdkpa, . . . 

Mdnyak, . . . 

Thochii, . . . 
Sokpa, .... 

Horpa, . . . 

Tibetan (writien\ 

Tibetan {spoken^ , 



Hifdu, faros = mare. 

Za/di. 

Hepo, 

Lo. 

At. 

Shey, iziu* ascia* belgan* 

Tskheni, 

Morin^ jutita^X kinakin\ 

Mori^junta,^ 

Jdran, 

KapaL 

Ktida. 

Md. 

Md, 

Md. 

Mo. 

Be. 

M'ma. 



I 



'Serpa, . . . , 

Siinwdr, . . . 

Giirung, . . . 

Murmi, . . , 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . , 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 

Kirinti, . . . 

Rodong, . . . 
RUngchenbung, . 

Chhingtingya, . 

Ndchhereng, . . 

Wdling, . . . 

Ydkha, . . . 

Chourdsya, . . 

Kulungya, . . 

Thulungya, . . 

Bdhingya, . . . 

Lohorong, . . 

Larabichhong, . 

Bdlili 

Sing-pdng, . . 

Diimi, . . . . 

KhdUng, . . . 

Dungmdli, . . 

Dirhi, . . . . 

Denwdr, . . . 

Pahri, . . . . 

Chepdng, . . . 

Bhrdmu, . . . 

V4yu, . . . , 

Kuswar, . . , 

Kusunda, . . , 

Thdni,. . . . 



I-.epcha (Sikkim), 
Bhdtini v. Lhopa, 



Md. 

Bo-roh, 

Teh. ' 

Bo-roh^ broh. 

Roh. 

Md-ri. 

Rhi, ryi. 

R/d. 

Td. 

Td. 

Ghora. 

Ghora. 

Td. 

Ghora. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Saia. 

On. 

Ghora. 
Ghodd. 
Ghodd. 
Ghodd. 
Gho4d. 
Ghodd. 

an. 

Ghodd. 
Ghoda. 
Gho4d. 
Ghoda. 
En.' 
Ghoda. 
Yen, edn. 
Bhun, yempa. 
Gho(fa. 
Ghora. 
Gho(fa. 

Ghoro. 

Ghora. 

Sa-ro. 

Se-rang. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Ghora. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

On. 
Tdh. 



I 



I 



I 

It) 






.8 

I 

8 



I 



a 






<§ 



Bodo, . . 

Dhimdl, . 
Kocch, 

Garo, . . 

Kdchdri, . 

Munipuri, . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Nigd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsiigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman (written), 
Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . . . 
KiSmi, . . . 
Mrd V. Toung, 
Sdk, . . . 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-tliu, . 
Shin, . . . 
Annamitic, . 
Siamese, . . 
Ahom, . . . 
Khdmti, . . 
Laos, . . . 



Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum^ 
Santih*, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, . . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, . . 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, . 
Sivara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



Tamil, anc, . 
Tamil, mod., . 
Malay dlma, anc, 
Malaydjma, mod. 
Telugu,' . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, I 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kururaba, 
Iruja, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese,. 



). 



Korai. 
Onhyd. 
Ghora. 
Ghora. 
Ghorai. 

Sagol. 

Man, mok. 

Kowai. 

Kungri. 

Chekwir. 

Mok. 

Kor. 

Kuri. 

Gore. 

Gure. 

Gori. 

Gu-mrang. 

Mrang. 

Myeny myin. 

She. 

Ta-phu. 

Koung-ngu. 

Ko-ra-ngd. 

Sapu. 

Chway. 

ICtha, kaihay, kathi. 

Thi. 

Thay. 

Ma. 

Ngiia. 

Md. 

Md. 

Md. 

Md. 

Sddom. 

Sadham. 

Sddom, sadham. 

Sadham. 

Ghoro. 

Sadam. 

Goro. 

Kondand (?), kodd. 

Kodd. 

Kodd. 

Gurram. 

Gurram. 

Kodd, gudd. 

Kodd. 

Ghoji. 

Kudara. 

Go4d. 

Ku4ata. 

Kirtydm. 

Kudara. 

Gho4o. 

Bdymd. 

Kudirei. 

Caret. 

Kutira. 

Gurramu. 

Caret. 

Kudure. 

Kudare. 

Kudre. 

Kadar. 

Kadarae. 

Kudare. 

Kudure, 

Kudure. 

Kudure. 

Kutherei, pari, asuvam. 

Aswayd. 



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134 



MAISON—HAUS— HOUSE— DOM— DOMUS. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



Types, 


% 


' Bodo, No-Oy nu. 


& 


^ 


Dhirodl, . . 






Chd, sd. 


^5 (Sanskrit, .... Griha, vdstu^ veiman. 


k. 


Kocch, . . 






Ghor. 


% (Arabic, . 








Bat 


^ 


Garo, . . . 






Nagou, 


•"N 


^ Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 








Echgy iche, 
ffuonet. 


^ 


Kdch^, . . 
' Munipuri,. . 






Nau, 
Vim. 




Magyar, . 








Haz. 


S 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 




Ham, hum. 


«=> 


Turkish, . 








Ev. 


1 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 




Nok. 


1. 


Circassian, 








IVuney^ ruck* kail,* 


=^ 


Khdri xMdgd, . . 




Aki, 


Georgian, 








Sakhli.pathat* 


'^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 




Ki. 


1 


Mongolian, 








GtTy baising, ineran^\ 


.b 


Ndrasdng Ndg^. . 




Hum. 


e 


Mantshu, 








Booyfanfa,* 


5 


Nowgong Ndgd, 




Ki. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Umah. 


'j; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 




Ki, 




Javanese, Krama, . 




Griya, 


1 


Abor Miri, . . 




Ekum. 




Malay, . . . 




Rumah, 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 




Ekum. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Uh. 
Wu, 


■^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 




"^yd. 
. PTtd. 


^ 


Chinese, Canton, 




Uk. 


1 


' Burman {7vrir/^t), 




Im. 


■i 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Vong-ts^, 


1 


Burman {spokftt), . 




. Eifig, seng. 


4 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




CKii, 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 




Im. 




Japanese, 








, lye. 




Kdmi, .... 
Kiimi, . . . . 




In. 
Um. 


Brahuf, . 








Urd, 


1 


Mni v. Toung, . 




. Kin. 


1 


' Gydmi, . 








Shhangcha. 


^ 


,S£k, .... 




. Kyin. 


Gydning, . 








Chhem. 




' Talain v. Mon, . 




. Hnyi. 


h 


Tdkpa, . 








Khem, 


ss; 


Sgau-karen, . . 




. He, hhi. 


i 


Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 








Nych, 
Kih, 


.!^ 


Pwo-karen, . . 
Toungh-thu, . . . 




Sam. 


1 


Sokpa, . . 








Pd-sydng, 




Shdn, .... 




Hien, 


Horpa, . 








Hyo, 


Annamitic, . . 




Nhd. 


% 


Tibetan {^vrittm). 






Khyim, 


Siamese, . . . 




Ran, reu-an. 


t 


Tibetan {spoken\ 
r Serpa, . . . 






Ndng, 
Khdngbd, 


S 

^ 


Ahom, . . . . 
Khdmti, . . . 
Laos, .... 




Ren. 
Hun. 
Heun. 


1 

1 


SiSnwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Miirmi, . 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pikhya, . 
Newir, 
Limbu, 








KM, 
Tin, 
Dhim, 

Ghim, 
Ghar. 
Chhen. 
Him, 




"ho(KoI), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 
Santdli, . . . 
Bhiimij, . . . 
Union, . . . 
Mundala, . . . 
Rdjmahali, . . 
Gopdi,. . . . 




. Od. 

. Od. 

. Oddh, bdkhoi, kudid, kum/d 

. Ord. 

. Erpd. 

. Urd-a. 

. Avd. 

. Ron. 




^ Kirdnti, . 








Khim, 


Q 


Gayeti, . . . 




. Ron. 




Rodong, . 








Khim, 


^ 


Rutluk, . . . 




Ron. 




Riingchenbung, 






Khim, 




Naikude, . . . 




. Ella. 




Chhingtdngya, 






Khim, 


1 


Kolami, . . . 




, Ella. 


i 


Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 








Khim, 
Khim, 


a 


Mddi, .... 
Mddia,. . . . 




. Lon, 
. Lon, 


^ 


Ydkha, . 








Pdng. 




Kuri, .... 




. Ura (uda ?). 


1 


Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 








. KMu, 
. Khim, 




Keikddi, . . . 
Khond, . . . 




. Ud(ud?). 
. Yiddu. 


|,- 


Thulungya, 








Nem, 




Sdvara, . . . 




Sugna. 


^ 


Bdhingya, . 








Khim. 




Gadaba, . . . 




Deyyon. 


■^ 


Lohorong, 








Khim, 




Yenikala, . . . 




, Vudu. 


.2 


Lambichhong 


> 






Khim, 




Chentsu, . . . 




. Ghor. 


^5 


Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 








Khim, 

Khim, 
, Kdm, kim, 
, Kdm, 
. Khim, 




Tamil, anc, . . 
Tamil, mod., . . 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod., 
Telugu,' . . . 




. Illam. 

. Manei, vicfu. 

Caret, 

Vita, illam. 
. Illu, 


1 

1 


' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru,. . 








. Ghar, 

Ghar, 
. Chen, 

Tim, kyim. 

Nam, 

Kim^ kem. 

Ghara. 

Bdhi, 

Ghar. 


1 
1 


Kamdtaka, ai 
Karndtaka, m 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, ; 
Kdta, . . 
Baqlaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 


IC, 
Od., 




, Caret. 

Mane. 
. Ilia. 

Caret. 

Arra. 
. Arsh, kuat, dae-ryh-alti. 
. Pei. 

Mane. 
, Mane. 
. Kure. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 




Li. 




Malabar^ . 






Vidu, maneiy illam^ akam. 




BhiStdni v. LI 


lop 


a, . 




Khyim. 




Sinhalese, . 






. Geya. 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



FAIM— HUNGER— HUNGER— GOLOD-FAMES. 



135 






I 
I 



I 



I 






s 



t 



Types, 

§9 

•^ (Sanskrit, 
'^ (Arabic, 

Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Kxama, 

Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydning, 
T^kpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Giirung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

LambicW^ong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

EhSmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

f Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thiru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v, Lhopa, 



Kshudh, 
Juaa. 

Gose^ ami, 

Nalka, 

Ehseg. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Ulosgolang. 

Yatahushara, 

Luve, 

Ngelth, 

Ldpar, 

TH-ngo. 

Tb-tJgo. 
Tk-li-ngu, 
lau, 
Haragaheru, 

Bingun, 

O-ti, wo-ti, 
Tomos, 
Caret. 
Vitengne. 
Ashpiich, 
Woluso. 
Namjongsi, 
Uogs, 
Tok, 

Tokung, 

Amaija, 

Phokre, 

Pho'idang. 

Tukresya, 

Phothanji. 

BJwk-ldgyo, 

Pitya, 

Set-lah'tna, 

Sd-d, 

Sdkd 

Sd-dy siing'Sd-wda, 

Sangsdwd, 

Sakd-d. 

Sdangsawd. 

Sdk, 

Kremkho. 

Sdkd, 

KrUim, 

Solimi, 

Sdk. 

Sdk. 

Sdge. 

Sdka, 

So-a. 

So-o, 

Sdgd. 

Bhukhas. 

Bhuk. 

Ha^ he-nu. 

Caret. 

Wyangkehe. 

Soksa, suksa, 

Bhok, 

Iddng, 

Bhok. 

Tldok, kridok, 
Tihki, 



-i fBodo 


IP nkwi-dutigy uki-dong. 


1' 


Dhimdl, 




Mhitu. 


=^. 


Kocch, 




Bhuk. 


■V 


Garo, . . 




Mdyu-phiiwd. 


:^' 


Kdchdri, . 




Guki-dung, 




' Munipuri, . . . 


Caret. 


•ii 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 


Ram-rio. 


1= 


Tablung Ndg^ . . 


Ram-rio. 


1 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Caret, 


^ 


Angdmi Nigd, . . 


Caret, 


1 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . 


Ramrio. 




Nowgong Ndgd, 


Yatur. 


^ 


Tengsa Nigd, . . . 


Chulale. 


R 


Abor Miri, . . . 


Kinong. 


"^ 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Koiibng. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


Caret. 




Singpho, .... 


Kostu, 


1 


^ Burman {written), . 


Chhd-ngat. 


1 


Burman (spoken), , , 


Sd-ngdt, ngat-mot-khyen. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Bu4an-a-dii-i. 


h' 


Kdmi, 


Buk-ma-kJiang. 


« 


KiSmi, 


Be-ortrldm. 


Si 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


Caret, 




.Sdk, 


Caret, 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


, Ka-io-hpyo. 


. 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Caret, 


i5 

1 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Caret, 


Toungh-thu, . . . 
Shin, . . . . . 


Ha-kho, 
. Ok-pyai. 


f^ • 


Annamitic, . . . 


Dot. 


h 


Siamese, .... 


Aotrat, 


1 


Ahom, 


. Caret, 


Khimti, .... 


Caret, 




Laos, 


Caret, 




'Ho(Kol), . . . 


. Renga. 




Kol (Singhbhum), . 


, Renge, 




Santdli, .... 


. Rengehy ekaiahy raigeldih 




Bhiiniij, 




. Renge. [(adjectives) 




Urdon, 




Keira, 




Mundala, 




Ringat, 




Rdjmahali 




. Kire. 




Gondi, . 




. KarUy karusdtur. 


1 


Gayeti, 




. Caret. 


? 


Rutluk, 




Caret, 




Naikude, 




. Caret, 


C 


Kolami, 




Caret, 


Mddi, . 




Caret, 




Mddia, 




Caret, 




Kuri, . 




Caret. 




Keikddi, 




Caret. 




Khond, 




Chatanganki, pannefiju. 




Sdvara, 




' Dolejan. 




Gadaba, 




Kuddu, 




Yenikala, 




Soda, peruntsu. 




Chentsu, 




Bhak, biwkii. 




Tamil, anc, . . . 


Caret. 




Tamil, mod 


. Pasi. 




Malaydlma, anc, 


Caret. 




Malaydima, mod., . 


, VUappa, 




Telugu, .... 


A'kali. 




Karndtaka, anc, 


Caret. 


J 


Karadtaka, mod., . 


Ha^ivu. 


1 


Tuliiva, .... 


Paduvu. 




Kurgi, 


Caret. 


J 


Toduva,) . . . 
Toda, ) . . . 


Caret. 


1 


Bir-erthti. 


^ 


K6ta, 


Petfi-hoje. 




Badaga, .... 


Hasu. 




Kufumba, . . . 


Hasu. 




Irula, 


Passi. 




Malabar, .... 


Pasi. 




Sinhalese, 


. . . 


Batfdg^f^ni. 



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136 



FER— EISEN— IRON— JELEZO— FERRUM. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



^ 


Types. 










If 


1 (Sanskrit, .... Loha, \ 


^. 


^ ^Arabic, . . 








Uadid, 


^ 


•n 


' Bask, ... 
Finnic, . . 
Magyar, . . 








Burnt, hurdin. 

Rauta, 

Vas. 




^ 


Turkish, . , 








Demir, 


§3 




Circassian, . 








GhutsJuy, 


■^ 


1 


Georgian, 








Rkina, 


•^ 


Mongolian, . 








Temor, temur. 


.b 


C 


Mantshu, , 








Sek. 


B " 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 




IVesu 


t*; 




Javanese, Krama, . 




Tossatu 


1 




Malay, . . . . 




BasL 




r Chinese, Nankin, . 




Tieh. 


'H 


<v^ 


Chinese, Pekin, . 




Tieh. 


. ** 


1^ 


Chinese, Canton, . 




Tit, 


*? 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Tih. 


1 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 




Tih, 


0:5 




1^ Japanese, 








Teisu. 


h\ 


Brahuf, . 








Akin. 




^* 


r Gydmi, . 








The. 


^ 


Jn 


Gyirung, . 








Shorn, 




h 


Tdkpa, . 








Lekh. 


^ 


h 


Mdnyak, . 








Shi. 




•fc 


Thochil, . 








Sorma. 


5 


Sokpa, 








Thumdr. 


E^ 




Horpa, 








Chu. 


* 




Tibetan (wriffen). 






'Lchags, 


a 


Tibetan (spoken), 
r Serpa, . . . . 






, Chhyd. 
Chhyd. 


1 


T? 


Sdnwdr, . 








Wd-akiL 




1 


Giirung, . 








, Fat. 




•a 


Mdrmi, . 








Phai. 




%* 


Magar, . 








Phaldm. 




1 


Thdksya, . 








Phre. 




Pdkhya, . 








Khadar, 




'< 


Newdr, 
limbu, . 

Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 








Na. 
, Phenje, 

. Phaldm. 
Phaldm. 


1 




Riingchenbung, 






Phaldm. 


II 




Chhingtdngya, 






. Bdnchhuwa, 


1 


cj 


N^chhereng, . 






. Phaldm. 


c 


t 


Wiling, . 








Phaldm. 




Ydkha, . 








. Chek chu 




a 


Chourdsya, 








. Phaldm, 




Kulungya, 








. Sel. 




^ ■ 


Thulungya, 








. Sel. 




^ 


Bihingya, . 








. Sydl. 




'"? 


Lohorong, 








. Chyak-chL 




5 


Lambichhon^ 


>» 






. ChyaU chi. 




^ 


Bdldli, . . 
Sing-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 








. Phdldm. 
. Sel, syel. 
. Sel. 
. Caret. 
. Caret. 




•sT 


fDdrhi, . . 








, Phaldm. 




1 


Denwdr, . 








. Phaldm. 


1 


fe; 


Pahri, . . 








. Ne. 


"fe> 


Chepdng, . 








. Phaldm. 


? ' 


1- 


Bhrdmu, . 








Phaidm. 


^ 


^ 


Vdyu, . . 








. Kak-chirtg, khak-chhing-mi. 


^ 


1 


Kuswar, . 








, Phaldm. 




Kusunda, . 








Phaldm. 




R5 


[Thdru,. . 








. Zoha. 




Lepcha (Sikkim), 




Panjing. 






BhiStini V. U 


lop 


a, 




Chyd. 





' Bodo, Chtirr, shttrr. 

Dhimdl, Chirr. 

Kocch, Loha. 

Garo, Shurr. 

Kdchdri, Sorr. 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
TablungNdgd, . 
Khiri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Nigd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



Burman (written), 
Burman (spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdrni, .... 
Kiimi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 



Yot. 

Jian. 

Van. 

Ayin. 

Je- 
Jdn. 

Yin. 

Yen. 

Yagitrah. 

Yogir. 
Sung. 
Mpri. 

Sdn. 

Thi«. 

Thi. 

S^hein. 

Ta-mhu. 

Loung-ha. 

Th«V/. 



' Talain v. Mon, . . . Kasway. 

Sgau-karen, .... Tah, htd. 

Pwo-karen, .... Tah. 

Toungh-thu, .... Say-thi. 

Shdn, Leit. 

Annamitic, .... Sat. 

Siamese, Lit, lek. 

Ahom, Lik. 

Khdmti, Lek. 

Laos, Lek. 

Ho(Kol), .... Med 

Kol (Singhbhuin), . . Medh. 

Santili, Menheh, medhad. 

Bhiimij, Merhd, medhd (?). 

Urdon, Pannd. 

Mundala, Marhan, madhan (?). 

RijmahaJi, .... Lohd. 

Gondi, Kachchi. 

Gayeti, Kachchi. 

Rutluk, Kachi. 

Naikude, Yinamu. 

Kolami, Lokand. 

Mddi, Kachi. 

Mddia, Kachi. 

Kuri, Loha. 

Keikddi, Ilmu. 

Khon(J, Luharigd. 

Sdvara, Lomd. 

Gadaba, Vonchani. 

Yerukala, Yerumbu. 

Chentsu, Loho. 

Tamil, anc, .... Karumbon. 

Tamil, mod., .... Lrumbu. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydima, mod., . . Irimba. 

Telugu, Inumu. 

Karndtaka, anc., . . Caret, 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Kabbina. 

Tuluva, Karba. 

Kurgi, Caret. 

Toduva,) .... Caret. 

Toda, ) . . . . Kabbun. 

K6ta, Ibbe, 

Badaga, Kabbuna. 

Kunimba, .... Kabbuna. 

Iruja, lrumbu. 

Malabar, lrumbu. 

Sinhalese, .... Yakada. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



FEUILLE—BLATT— LEAF— LIST— FOLIUM. 



^i7 






I 



Types, 

(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



Fatra. 
Warak, 



I 



I 



I 



Bask, Osto^ astro, arri, 

Finnic, Lehti, 

Magyar, Level. 

Turkish, Yaprak, 



Circassian, 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 



Dshass, 
Potholi, 

Nebtschi, nabchL 
Abdaha, abtakha. 
Godofig, 
Ddon. 



I' 
I 



I 

I 



'1 

I 



Malay, Ddwun. 

Chinese, Nankin, . . Yeh, 

Chinese, Pekin, . . Ye. 

Chinese, Canton, . . Fp, 

Chinese, Shanghai, . Zuyeh, 

Amoy, Colloquial, . . Hioh, 

Japanese, .... Ha, 

Brahuf, Caret. 

Gydmi, Yecha. 

Gydrung, Taimek. 

Tdkpa, Blap. 

Mdnyak, Nipcheh. 

Thochii, Thrompi. 

Sokpa, Ndi. 

Horpa, Bdldh. 

Tibetan (wHtttn), . . Lomd. 

Tibetan {spoken\ . . . Hyomd. 

Serpa, Hyomap. 

Sunwdr, Saphd. 

Giirung, Lau. 

Miirmi, Ldpte, 

Magar, Lhd. 

Thdksya, Lhd. 

Pikhya, Fdt. 

New^, Lapte, hau. 

Limbu, Feiid. 

Kirdnti, LP bdva. 

Rodong, LAbo. 

Riingchenbung, . . . Ubdwa euchha. 

Chhingtdngya, . . . Laphowa. 

Ndchhereng, .... Sam, saa-ma. 

Wdling, SuT^ phdky ba. 

Ydkha, Sum-phdk. 

Chourdsya, .... Sdphd, molt. 

Kulungya, .... Stba, la, um boa. 

Thulungya, .... Sebldm. 

Bdhingya, Sopho, sdpha. 

Lohorong, .... Singba^. 

Lambichhong, . . . Ldphdk. 

Bdlili, Sin^dk, bdk\ 

Sdng-pdng, .... Sdnbd. 

Diimi, Sapam, sapho. 

Kh^ng, Sapang, saphung. 

Dungmdli, .... Sum-pha. 

Ddrhi, Fdt. 

Denw^, Fdta. 

Pahri, Lati. 

Chepdng, Lo. 

Bhrimu, Sou. 

Vdyu, Lo. 

Kuswar, Fdta. 

Kusunda, Hdk. 

Thdni, Fdtd. 



Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
Bhiifdni v. Lhopa, . 



Lpo. 

Syoma, ddma. 



I 



I 



I 












I 
I 



I 



Bodo, . 
Dhirnil, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Nimsing Ndgi, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singijho, . . 

Burman (writun), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou. 
Kdmi, . 
Kiimi, . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sdk, . 



' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khimti, . 
Laos, . . 



f Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhi 
Santdli, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rijmahali, 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



um 



Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydjma, mod. 
Telugu, . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod. 
Tulu'va, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
To^a, ) 
Kdta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Lai, bilai. 
Lhdvd, Ihdbd 
Fdt 
Lechak. 
Bilai. 

Mand. 

Fan chak. 

Fhum yak. 

Tuwd. 

Fonye. 

Nydp. 

A'm. 

Am. 

Anne. 

Ekamane. 

Chid 

Ldp. 

Kwak. 

Yuet, ay net. 

She. 

Lahdng. 

Ngdm. 

Ardm. 

Fwintdk. 

Kanahtsu. 

Lah, thela. 

Lah. 

Lay. 

Moungmdn. 

Ld. 

Fihnma, bai. 

Bou. 

Mail. 

Bai. 

Sukdm. 
Sdkam. 
Sdkam. 
Sikkam. 
A'tkhd 
Slkam. 
Atge. 
Aki. 
Caret. 
Aki. 
Caret. 
Yegtil. 
Aki. 

Aki, maka. 
Chakam. 
Yela. 
Aka. 
Old 
Volld. 

Yale, yaldku. 
Fdt. 

Adei. 
Ilei. 
Caret. 
Ha, ola. 
Aku. 
Caret. 
Ele. 
Ire. 

Elakamf, toppu. 
Err. 
Ersh. 
Yelk. 
Yelle. 
Yelle. 
Yelle. 
Ilei. 
Kole. 



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138 



LUMIERE— LIGHT— LIGHT— SVYET— LUX, 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



Types, 


^ 


Bodo, 


Churdngy shrdng. 


^ .0 


^ 


Dhiradl, 


• . . . 


Sdnekdjolka. 


•« (Sanskrit, . . . 


jyons. 


'^ . 


Kocch, 




. Jyoti. 


|, Iarabic, . 








. Nour, 


^* 


Garo, . 


> . • . 


. Kldngkldng. 


fBASK, . . 








. Argi, 


^ 


Kichdri, 


. . . . 


. Sorang. 




Finnic, . 








. Walo. 




' Munipuri, . . . 


. MangdI. 




Magyar, . 








. Vilag. 


•^ 


Mlthdn Ndgd, . . 


Rangai. 


^ 


Turkish, 








. Caret. 


1 


Tablung Ndgi, . . 


. Nining. 


•S^ 


Circassian, 








. Nefnoy, 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Snaugo. 


1 


Georgian, 








. NatMetti, 


V 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


. Ngukwi. 


Mongolian, 








, Ghegheghen (g^egen). 


1. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


. Rangi'o. 


Mantshu, 








. Elden. 


1 


Nowgong N^^ 


Tsdngiirh. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




. Terang. 


'^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


. Sangagho. 




Javanese, Krama, 




. Terang. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. Piudng. 




Malay, . . . 




. Tdrang. 


1 


Sibsigar Miri, . . 


. Pi'idda. 


'^ 






■^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


. Ddkdri. 


t 

^ 


Chinese, Na 
Chinese, Pel 
Chinese, Cai 
Chinese, Sha 
Amoy, CoUoq 
Japanese, 


Qki 
dn, 
ltd 
tng] 
[uia 


n, 
lai 




Kwang. 
Kwang. 
Kwong. 
Ledngkwoffg. 
. Kng. 
Akari. 


1 

1 


Singpho, .... 

' Burman (written), 
Burman (spokat), . . 
Khyeng v. Shou, . 

Kdmi, 

Kiimi, 


. NifigthoL 

. iMTlg. 

hen, a/eng. 
. Caret. 
. Avdndagd. 
. Caret. 


Brahul, . 








Caret. 


1 


Mni v. Toung, . . 


. Watdi. 




' Gydmi, 
Gyining, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 








. Reyai. 
. Caret. 


^ 


Sdk, 

' Talain v. Men, . . 


. Caret. 
. Ateng, rd. 








Wot. 


s 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Tahkpaw, tagopau. 








Wuh. 


.« 
g 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Tserpan. 


1 . 








Uik. 




Tounghthu, . . . 


. Idta-tay. 


^ 


Sokpa, . 
Horpa, . 
Tibetan (writu 


'«), 






Caret. 

Spho. 

Hod. 


1 • 


Shdn, ..... 
Annamitic, . . . 
Siamese, .... 


. Aien. 
. Ngb' i. 

Psawon, sawang. 


1 


Tibetan (spoken), . 






Hwey eu. 


Ahom, .... 
Khdmti, .... 


. Let^. 
. Leng. 




^Serpa, . . . . 






Rhip, eu. 




Laos, 


' Lengy tseng. 




Siinwdr, . . 
Giirung, . . 
Mdrmi, . . 
Magar, . . 
Thdksya, . . 








Hdftgo. 

Bhla. 

U'jdlo. 

TydwongchOy rdp. 

Muthnangmu. 




' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singt 
Santdli, 
Bhdmij, 
Urdon, 


ibhum), . 


Marsal. 
. Maskal. 

Setong (glare). 

Tetaytura. 

Billi. 


i 


Pdkhya, . . 








Urt-bdtti. 




Mundala, 




Marsa (?). 
Aveli. 
Berachiy vedchi. 


1^ 


Newdr, . . 
Limbu, . . 








Jala, 
at, thoHi. 




Rdjmahalij 
Gondi, 






' Kirdnti, . . 








U'lawa chdmi. 


,« 


Gayeti, 




Vedchi. 




Rodong, . . 








Ndmchha, kha wiya. 


1 


Rutluk, 




Beijianjor. 




Riingchenbung, . 






Uldwachhdmi, sam. 


•>♦ - 


Naikude, 




Vektin, walang. 




Chhingtdngya, . 






Khdldmthd. 


cj 


Kolami, 




Velang. 


«g^ 


Ndchhereng, . . 






Wujydlo. 


Mddi, . 




Fes. 


s, 


Wiling, . 








Wujydlo, khdddi. 




Mddia, 




Hujaldhur. 


^ 


Ydkha, . 








Wapna. 




Kuri, . 




Ujawaro. 


"§ 


Chourdsya, 








Dwdm soma. 




Keikddi, 




Paymaro. 


5s 


Kulungya, 








Koddta, ndmchhowa, miwat- 




Khond, 




Vujwdld. 


•gi" 


Thulungya, 








HwaJCwdya, sam. [ma. 




Sdvara, 




Tambd. 


rs 


Bdhingya, 
Lohorong, 








Hwa. 




Gadaba, 




Tarddutu. 


'"5 








Ndmwoge, ndmde. 




Yerukala, 




Valuku. 


« 
g 


Lambichhong 


> 






Khdteyu. 




^ Chentsu, 




Dip, vujjait. 


^ 


Bdldli, . . 








Namoh!wa. 




^ Tamil, anc. 


, . . . 


on. 




Sdng-pdng, 








Khdsema. 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


Velichcham, 




Diimi, . . 








ITnel. 




Malaydlma, anc, . 


Caret. 




Khdling, . 








Hdhdm. 




Malaydlma, mod., . 


Velichcham. 




Dungmdli, 








KhoUy sam. 




Telugu, .... 


Veluturti, velugu. 


1 
I- 

1 


Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . 








ITjung. 

U'jat. 
. Jala. 

Samoy angho, angha. 

Caret. 

Dangdang. 

Johan. 

Jina iky a. 

Aujoriyo. 


1 


Karndtaka, anc, . . 
Karndtaka, mod., . . 

Tuliiva, 

Kurgi, 

To(Juva,> . . . . 
Toda, I . . . . 

Kdta, 

Badaga, 

Kurumba, . . . , 
Iruja, 


Caret. 
Belaku. 
Blioksha. 
Belld. 
Pelch. 
Velaku. 
Belaku. 
Divige. 
Dipa. 
VaJaku. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 




Aom, acMr. 




Malabar, .... 


Velicham. 




Bhiitdni v. Lh 


opj 


1, . 




Euy dam. 




^ Sinhalese, 


. . . . 


Eliya, 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



HOMME— MENSCH— MAN— CHELOVYEK— HOMO. 



139 



Types. 



I (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 






K 

h 

•I 

I 
I 



I 

I 
I 



I 



I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {.written), 
Tibetan \spoken\ 

Serpa, . . 
SUnwdr, . 
Gurung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kii4nti, . 

Rodong, . 

RiSngchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong 

Bdl^i, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepkng, . 
Bhrdrau, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thiru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhdtini v. Lhopa, 



ManUy manush^ manushya. 

RajoL . 

[(vir). 

Gutzon (homo et vir) \guizar 

Ihmeno (homo), mies (vir). 

Ferfi, 

Er, 

Tsiffey^ adam,* genaht* 

Katsu 

Era, ere, kiimun, kdmon,bya. \\ 

Khakhay niyalma, oydzah,* 

Wong, 

Tiyang, 

Orang. 

Jin, 
Jan, 
Van, 
Niang, 
IAng,j\n, 
Hiio, 

Narina. 

Rin, 

Tirmi, 

Mih, 

Ch'hoh, 

Ndh, 

Khun, 

Vzih, 

Mi, 

Mi. 

Mi, 

Murti, 

Mhi, 

Ml, 

Bharmi, 

Mli, 

Manchha, 

Mano, mi-jang, 

Yapmiy yembecha, 

Mand, 

Mina, 

Mdna, maana, 

Mdpmi, tnafCmi, 

Mina, min, 

Mana^ mina, 

Ydpmi. 

Muyo, 

Mis, 

Michyu, 

MiiH, 

Mina, 

Mdh'mi, mah'mi<hi, 

Mlna-chi, 

Mina, 

Has, 

Hash, 

Mina, 

Mdnus, 

Mdnus, 

Manche, 

Pursi, 

Bal, bar. 

Singtong, loncho. 

Gokchai, chdwdi, 

Mlhydk. 

Manhai, 

Mara, tagri. 
Mi. 



I 



I 
"^ 



I 



^ 






I 



I 



^ 

« 



h\ 






■^ 



Bodo, .... 






Hiwd, mdnshi. 


Dhimdl, . . . 






Wdvaly didng, daydng. 


Kocch, . . . 






Mdnushi, betdchod. 


Garo, .... 






Miva. 


Kdchiri, . . . 






Mansui, 


' Munipuri, . . 






Minipa. 


Mfthin Ndgd, . 






Mi. 


Tablung Ndg^ . 






Sauniak, 


Khiri Ndgd, . . 






Ami. 


Angdmi Nigd, , 






Theme. 


Ndmsing Ndg^ . 






Minydfi. 


Nowgong N^^ 






Nyesung. 


Tengsa Nigd, . 






Mesung. 


Abor Miri, . . 






Amie. 


Sibsdgar Miri, , 






Amme. 


Deoria Chutia, . 






Mosi. 


Singpho, . . 






Singpho. 


' Burman {written), 






L^. 


Burman {spoken). 






LH. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 






Kldng 


Kimi, . . . 






Kami. 


Kiimi, . . . 






Kumi. 


Mni V- Toung, 






Mrti. 


^Sdk, . . . 






M. 


' Talain v. Mon, 






. Kara. 


Sgau-karen, . 






, PgahUnyaWy pakanyau. 


Pwo-karen, . 






. Herplong, hplun. 


Toungh-thu, . 






. Lan. 


Shdn, ... 






. Konputrihn. 


Annamitic, . 






, Ngu'hH. 


Siamese, . . 






. Hpuhtso, khan. 


Ahom, . . . 






. Kun. 


Khimti, . . 






. ILun, khun. 


Laos, . . . 






, Khon. 


' Ho (Kol), . 






, Ho, horo. 


Kol (Singhbhum 


), 




. Ho, 


Santdli, . . 






. Had, ho4h, horh, hedei, 


BhiSmij, . . 






. Horro. \(herelt), koda , mdnio. 


Urdon, . . 






. AUa. 


Mundala, . . 






. HorL 


Rijmabali, . 






. Mdle. 


Gondi, , . 






. Mdne, mdnwdl maurdsal. 


Gayeti, . . 






, Mdnwdl, 


Rutluk, . . 






. MdnwoL 


Naikude, . . 






. Mas. 


Kolami, . . 






. Pedda, 


Mddi, . . . 






. Mand, koitar. 


Mddia, . . 






, Manei, gaita. 


Kuri, . . . 






, Koro. 


Keikddi, . . 






. Managi. 


Khond, . . 






. Lokkd, 


Sivara, . . 






Mandra, 


Gadaba, . . 






. Lokko, 


Yerukala, . . 






, Munasam, 


Chentsu, . . 






. MdnHs. 


Tamil, anc, . 






Magan, 


Tamil, mod., . 






A' I, manidan. 


Malaydjma, anc, 




Caret. 


Malayilma, mod., 




. A7. 


Telugu,' . . . 




. Manishi, 


Karndtaka, anc. 




Caret, 


Karndtaka, mod., 




. Alu. 


Tuluva, . . . 




. AL 


Kurgi, . . . 






Mdnus, manusu. 


Toduva,) 
Toda, ]* . 






. Ai, 






Al, 


K6ta, . . . 






, Ale, manijon. 


Badaga, . . 






Manija, alu. 


Kurumba, 






Manisha, aiu. 


Iruja, . . . 






Manisha, alu 


Malabar, . . 






Manushen, ddaven. 


Sinhalese, . . 






Minihd, 



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I40 



SINGE— AFFE— MONKEY— OBEZYANA—SIMI A. 



[chap. IV. — NOUNS. 



Types, 


^ 


Bodo, Mokhara. 


•^ (Sanskrit, .... Kapi^ markata^ vdnara. 


1 


Dhimil, . 
Kocch, 






. Nhoydy hulmdn. 
Bdndor, hHUmdn, 


^ (Arabic, . . 






. Nisnds^ ktrd. 


^ 


Garo, . . 






. Kouwe. 


s 


Bask, . . . 
Finnic, . . 






Chimu, chimina, 
. MarakattL 


^ 


Kichdri, . 
' Munipuri, 






. Caret. 
. Yong, 




Magyar, . . 






. Caret. 


•^- 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . 




. Mainuk. 


^ 


Turkish, . . 






. Caret. 


1 


Tablung Ndgd, . 




Simai. 


1 


Circassian, . 






. Caret. 


Khdri Ndgd, . . 




. Kishd. 




Georgian, . 






. Caret, 


"^ 


Angdmi Ndg^ . 




. Takwi. 


Mongolian, . 






. Bitschin. 


•1. 


Ndrasing Ndgd, . 




. Veh. 


c 


Mantshu, . 






. Bonio. 


1 


Nowgong Nigd, 




. Shitsu, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




. Ketek. 


"i; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 




. Suchi. 




Javanese, Krama, 




. mek. 


? 


Abor Miri, . . 




. Sibeh. 




Malay, . . . 




. MMit. 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 




. Shibe, 








t^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 




, Iku, 




Chinese, Nankin, 




. Hautsze, 




Singpho, . . . 
' Burman (written). 




, Woe. 


.^ 


Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 




. Hautsze. 
Mdlau, 






Myok, 


■ct ^ 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Singsing. 


Burman (spoken), , 




Myauk, 


*^ 


Amoy, ColIoquiaL 




. Kau. 


"t^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 




Young, 




Japanese, . 






. Saru. 




Kdmi, . . 
Kdmi, . . 






Kalai, 
Kala. 


Brahuf, . . 






. Caret. 




Mni v. Tovin^ 


h • 




. Taytit, 
Kawuk, 


"^ 


' Gyami, . . 
Gydning, . . 
Tdkpa, . . . 






Khouch. 










h 

i 






Shepri, tf. 
Frd. 


1 


' Talain v. Moi 
Sgau-karen, 


1, . 




Kanwi, 
Tahm^ tao. 


Mdnyak, . . , 
Thochii, . . . 






Miyahdh. 
Wdissi. 


Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 






Tseroke, 
Khyag, 


^ 


Sokpa, . . . 
Horpa, . . . 






MechL 


5 


Shdn, . . 






Lein, 


s 






ZMmdeh^ 





Annamitic, 






Khi, 


1 


Tibetan (written). 






^prebii. 




Siamese, . 






Lenn, ling. 


5 


^ Tibetan (spokm), 
rSerpa, . . . . 






TyU, 


s 

■^ 


Ahom, 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 






Laling. 
Ling. 
IVoky ting. 


1 


Siinwdr, . . . 
Giirung, . . . 
Mdrmi, . . . 
Magar, . . . 
Thdksya, . . . 
Pdkhya, . . . 






Moro, 

Timyu. 

Mdng, 

Bdner. 

Pdngdar. 

Bddar. 




r Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbh 
Santdii, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 


um), 




Gye. 

Sarrhdy gd4u 

Gadi. 

Gddi. 

Bandra. 

Bandra. 


f 


Newdr, . . . 
Limbu, . . . 






Mdko. 
Sobd. 




Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, 






Muge, 
Bandaray kove. 




Kirdnti, . . . 






Heldwd. 


4 


Gayeti, 






Mujal. 




Rodong, . . . 






Tong bhiUy no i. 


1 


Rutluk, . 






Keviy pwal. 




Riingchenbung, . 






Heldwa, 


•V* ' 


Naikude, . 






Mui, 




Chhingtdngya, . 






Heldwa, 


-^ 


Kolami, . 






Mui, 


o 


Ndchhereng, . . 






Popa. 


u 


Mddi, . . 






MungUy mus. 


1 


Wdling, . . . 






Heldwa. 




Mddia, . 






Mujal. 


t 


Ydkha, . . . 






Pubdng. 




Kuri, . . 






Sara. 


^ 


Chour^ya, . . 






PoM. 




Keikddi, . 






Kwoti. 


1^ 


Kulungya, . . 






Pupwa. 




Khond, . . 






Koju, 


V 


Thulungya, . . 






Nuk syu. 




Sdvara, . , 






Karoyi. 


rs 


Bdhingya, . . 






Morey muryo. 




Gadaba, . . 






Gusd, 




Lohorong, . . 






Pubdng, 




Yenikala, . . 






Kote, 


R 


Lambichhong, . 






Kubdng, 




Chentsu, . . 






Mdkad, 


^ 


Bdldli, . . . . 
Sdng-pdng, . . 






Pdbdng, 
Popdn, 




' Tamil, anc, . 
Tami'j, mod., . 






Kaduvan, 
Kurangu, 




Diirai, . . . . 






NitSy nuksu. 




Malaydjma, anc, 




Caret, 




Khdling, . . . 






Nus, 




Malaydlma, mod., . 




Kuranga. 




^ Dungmdli, . . 






Ndsd. 




Telugu,* . . . . 




Kofi, 


1 


r Ddrhi, . . . . 
Denwdr, . . . 
Pahri, . . . . 
Chepdng, . . . 
Bhrimu, . . . 
Vdyu, . . . . 
Kuswar, . . . 
Kusunda, . . . 
Thdru, . . . 






Banker. 

Bandar. 

Miuga. 

Yuk, 

Payitk. 

Phoka. 

Bdner. 

Ugu, 

Bdnar. 


1 

1 

to 


Karndtaka, an 
Karndtaka, m< 
Tuliiva, . . 
Kurgi, . . . 
Toduva," 
Toda, J . 
Kdta, . . . 
Badaga, . . 
Kurumba, 
Iruja, . . . 


c, 

Dd., . 




Caret, 

Kbcfaga, manga. 

Mange, 

Caret. 

Kodan, 

Turuniy kodan, pershk, 

Korie, 

Korofigu, 

Korangu. 

Korangu. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 




Saheu. 




Malabar, . . 






KurangkUy tnanthi. 




Bhiitini v. Lhopj 


h . 




Pyd. 




^ Sinhalese, . . 






Wandurd, 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



LUNE—MOND— MOON— LUNA— LUNA. 



141 



Types. 

^^ (Sanskrit, 
'^ (Arabic, . 



i 









} 






6 



I 



I 



Bask, .... 
Finnic, . . . 
Magyar, . . . 
Turkish, . . . 
Circassian, . . 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . , 



CJiandra^ chandramas, 
Jfamr. 

lilargi, ilargi, argizaita, 
Huomm, 
Hold. 
Ay. 

Maathi, 
Afthmaare. 
Sseray ssar 
Biya, 
SasL 
Wulan, 
Bulan, 

Yueh\ 

Yueh. 

Lit, 

MuiL 

Geh. 

Bsuki. 



nietikardi^X 
mun^n.\\ 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahul, Caref, 

Gydmi, Yolidng, 

Gydning, Tsile, chileh. 

Tdkpa, Leh, 

Mdnyak, Lheh, 

Thochii, Chhdh, 

Sokpa, Sdrd, 

Horpa, S/ikno. 

Tibetan (writtm\ . . Zldva, 

Tibetan (spoken), . . . Ddwd, 

Serpa, Quid, 

Siinwdr, Ldto-si, 

Giirung, Laugni, 

MiSrmi, Lhd-ni, 

Magar, Gyd-hiit, 

Thdksya, Ldti-gnd. 

Pdkhya, Chari dramabet, 

Newdr, Two-tnila^ tuyu-mila. 

Limbu, Ldva. 

' Kirdnti, Ld-dimcu 

Rodong, Lddipa. 

Riingchenbung, . . . Lddima, 

Chhingtingya, . . . Ldthiba, 

Ndchhereng, .... Ldninta. 

Wdling, Lddima, 

Ydkha, Z^f. 

Chourdsya, .... Tkaasydl^ tosyal, 

Kulungya, .... Ld, 

Thulungya, .... Khlye^ k/ik, 

Bdhingya, .... Ld, 

Lohorong, .... Ld, 

Lambichhong, . . . Ld4iba, 

Bdldli, La, 

Sdng-pdng, .... La, 

Ddmi, L^mydmtii, 

Khdling, Lyd. 

Dungmili, .... Lddlmay Iddipma, 

'Ddrhi, Jdnhdjdnhd, 

Denwdr, Jyun, 

Pahri, Nhibd, 

Chepdng, Lake, lame, 

Bhrdmu, Chalawani^ chalawan, 

V4yu, Cholo. 

Kuswar, fun, 

Kusunda, fun, 

Thdni, Chand ramajun, 

Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Lavo, 

Bhii^ini v. Lhopa, . . Dau, 



I 






I 






.S 

« 



to 



.! 



Bodo, Nokhdbir, 

Dhimdl, Tdli, 

Kocch, Chdnd, 

Garo, Rdngret. 

Kichiri, NakaphoTy nakabor, 

' Munipuri, .... Thd, 

Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Leinu, 

Tablung Ndgd, , , , Le. 

Khiri Ndgd, .... Leta, 

Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Kharr, 

Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . Dd, 

Nowgong Ndgd, . . Yitd, 

Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Lutd, 

Abor Miri, .... Palo, 

Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Polo, 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Yah, 

Singpho, SUd, 

Burman {written), . . La, 

Burman (spoken), . . . Ld. 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Khlau, 

Kdmi, Ld, 

KiSmi, Hlo, 

Mrd V. Toung, . . . Puld, 

Sdk, Th^^f. 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Khatu, 

Sgau-karen, .... Lah^ Ihdh. 

Pwo-karen, .... LmIi, 

Toungh-thu, .... Lu. 

Shdn, Len, 

Annamitic, .... Trang, 

Siamese, Hpya-hiit, tawan. 

Ahom, Den, 

Khdrati, Liin, 

Laos, Deun, 

Ho(Kol), .... Chandu, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Chdndu, 

Santdli, Kunami {i\i\\)ygnindd^hdndo 

Bhiimij, Chandu, [(night-sun). 

Urdon, Chando, 

Mundala, Chandu, 

Rdjmahali, .... Bilpe. 

Gondi, Chandaly chanda, nalej, 

Gayeti, Nalej, 

Rutluk, Nalej, Jagon. 

Naikude, Nela, 

Kolami, Nela, 

Mddi, Nelanjiu, 

Mddia, Chatidanlej {chand^ anlej ?), 

Kuri, Gumongy charulo, 

Keikddi, Nalou. 

Khond, Layidi, 

Sdvara, Vongd, 

Gadaba, Arke, 

Yerukala, Tarra. 

Chentsu, Mdsu, 

Tamil, anc, .... Pirei, 

Tamij, mod., .... Tingal, nela, sandiran, 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Tinkal, 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Anbili, 

Telugu, (anc.) Nela,jdbilli, vennela, 

Karadtaka, anc, . . Caret. 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Tingalu, 

Tujuva, Tingalu, 

Kurgi, Card, 

Toduva,) .... Caret, 

Toda, j . . . . Teggal, 

K6ta, Tiggule, 

Badaga, Ttggalu. 

Kurumba, .... Chandra, tingla, 

Inila, Ndlavu, 

Malabar, Melavu, chananderan, 

Sinhalese, Sanda, 



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Google 



142 



> 



Types, 



•« (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



I 









g 

h 



^ 



s 



I 



I 



.^ 



Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
T4kpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {.written), 
Tibetan \spoken\ 

Serpa, . . 

Siinwdr, . 

Gdning, . 

Mdrmi, . 
Magar, 

Thiksya, . 

Pdkhya, . 
Newir, 
Limbu, 

Kirinti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wiling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sing-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

' D^hi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chep^g, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdni,. . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 



Masfaka. 
Barghash, 

Elcho^ eltzo (gnat). 

Card, 

Szunyog. 

Sivrisituk, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Bukona^ bukoona (gnat). 

Kalman (gnat). 

Lamuk, 

Lamuk, 

Nydmuk, 

Wa. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Mangtsz^, 

Bdng, 

Ka, 

Caret. 

Wocha, 

Caret, 

Pholi, 

Bimo, 

Beup, 

Khokhwe, 

Iixisa, 

Srinbii^ mchurings, 

Syedongma, 

Ddngma, 

Ldm-khutia, 

Chwe, 

Ldm-khiutia, 

Ldm-kMlia. 

Polorinaba, 

Fokha. 

Pati. 

LdmjonkhL 

Ldmkhutia, 

Tungkdma, 

Ldmkhiitya, 

Twang gyomma, 

Siipydl, 

Supydl^ tokli, 

Thokihoki'ldng, 

Gang* gay unto, 

KwongthoH, 

Mas, 

Seupyel, sipyel, 

Bhusund: 

Tonggengwa, 

Khasukmay lamkhutia, 

Toklihdtiy bahauma, 

SapaL 

Sapai, 

Kong kon'gma, 

Konkonya, 

Ghusund, 

Pati, 

Caret, 

Amin, 

Eks'ameky kdndndng, 

Pipsa^ bhunsi. 

Caret, 

Mas, 

Mang-kong, 
Zendong, 



I 

to 






I 



-^ 



=1 



^ 



.S 
g 






=1 

I 



\R— CULEX PIPIENS {Unn.), [chap, iv.— nouns. 


Bodo, 


Thdmphoi'gangjang, 


Dhimil, . 


. 


, Jdhdjdhdn, 


Kocch, . 


. . 


, Mosho, 


Garo, . . 


. . . 


, Sotsd, 


Kdchiri, . 


. 


. Caret, 


' Munipuri, . . . 


, Kang, 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 


Caret, 


TablungNdgd, . . 


. Caret 


Kh^ Ndgd, . . . 


. MrUd, 


Angdmi Ndgi, . . 


. Viru, 


Nimsdng Ndgd, . . 


. Mang-dong. 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


, Merita, 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


, Anjang, 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. Songgou, 


Sibsigar Miri, . . 


, Tamig. 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


, Ddn, 


Singpho, .... 


, Tsigrong. 


' Burraan (written), 


. Khyang, 


Burman (spoken), . . 


. Khyen^ khyin. 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Youngydn, 


Kdmi, 


, Kdnsakd, 


Kiimi, 


Chdnrdng, 


Mni v. Toung, . . 


, Tatsdng, 


.Sdk, 


, Pichi, 


' Talain v. Mon, . 


. Khamcet, 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


, Pso.pettso, 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. Tserpoe. 


Toungh-thu, . . 


, Takhra, 


Shin, .... 


. You, 


Annamitic, . . 


. Rudi, 


Siamese, . . . 


You, yung. 


Ahom, .... 


, Phreng, 


Khdmti, .... 


, Yung, 


Laos, .... 


, Yung 


'Ho(Kol), . . . 


, Pichu^ siking. 


Kol (Singhbhum), . 


. Siki, 


Santdli, .... 


. Sikidingy sikri. 


Bhdmij, 




, Luti 


Urdon, 




. Bhusendi, 


Mundala, 




. Bhusundi, 


Rdjmahali 




Minko, 


Gondi, 




, Misi {visi = fly). 


Gayeti, 




. {Fisi =fiy,) 


Rutluk, 




Caret, 


Naikude, 




, {Ningal = fly.) 
. {Mngd = fly.) 


Kolami, 




Midi, . 




. . ( Fisi, visuy nule = fly.) 


Mddia, 




. Caret, 


Kuri, . 




, (Ruku = fly.) 
. F/ = fly.) 


Keikddi, 




Khon^l, 




. FiMngd, 


Sdvara, 




, Abubbo, 


Gadaba, 




. Kirigi, 


Yenikala, 




, Yeyyi, 


Chentsu, 




. Musso, 


' Tamil, anc 


» 


. . Caret, 


Tamil, mod., . . 


. . Kosugu, 


Malaydlma, anc, 


. . Caret, 


Malaydlma, mod., 


, , Kotuka^ pirukka. 


Telugu,' . . . 


. . Doma, 


Karndtaka, anc, 


. . Caret, 


Karadtaka, mod., 


. . So//e, chukkddi. 


Tuluva, . . . 


. , Caret. 


Kurgi, .... 


. . Caret, 


Toduva,) . . 
To^a, ■ . . 


. . Caret, 


. . Chikaitu, 


K<5ta, .... 


. . Chukattu, 


Badaga, . . . 


, , Chukattu, 


Kufumba, . . 


, . Sugant, 


Irula, .... 


, , Jolle, 


Malabar, . . . 


, . Fisei meMsei, 


Sinhalese, 


. . . 


, . Maduruo, 



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CHAP. IV. — NOUNS.] 



MERE— MUTTER— MOTHER— MAT— MATER. 



143 



I 



6 



} 



Types. 

(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



Mdtri, 
Omm, 



Bask, Ama, 

Finnic, Aiti, 

Magyar, Anya, 

Turkish, Ana. 



Circassian, 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . 
Mantshu, • . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, . 



Tiafiy yan. 
Deda. 
Eghe, eke. 
Eniye^ erne. 
Biyang. 
Ibu. 



Malay, Ibu. 



% 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 



Mutiin. 

Mutiin. 

Mots'an. 

Nidng, dhmd. 

Bu. 

Haha. 



h 



s 



i 

11 



I 
I 



^^ 



.2 



I 



I 



Brahuf, Lummd. 

Gydmi, Md. 

Gydning, Tomo. 

Tdkpa, Atna. 

Mdnyak, Amd. 

Thochii, Ou. 

Sokpa, A'khi^ yekhi. 

Horpa, Ama. 

Tibetan (written)^ . . Ama. 

Tibetan (spoken\, . . . Amd. 

Serpa, A'md. 

Siinwdr, Amai. 

Giirung, A'mo. 

Miirmi, Amma. 

Magar, Md. 

Thdksya, Amd. 

Pdkhya, Amd. 

Newdr, Mang. 

Limbu, Amma. 

Kirdnti, Oma^ euma. 

Rodong, May uma. 

Riingchenbung, . . . Oma^ uma. 

Chhingtdngya, . . . ITma. 

Ndchhereng, .... LTmma. 

Wiling, Amd. 

Ydkha, Fma. 

Chourdsya, .... Amo. 

Kulungya, .... Ummd. 

Thulungya, .... Mdm^ umam. 

Bihingya, .... Amo. 

Lohorong, .... Umma. 

Lambichhong, . . . Ima. 

Bdldli, Uma. 

Sing-pdng, .... Umma. 

Diimi, Mydm, umyam. 

Khdling, Mdm^ Hmdm. 

Dungmdli, .... Uma, umma. 

Ddrhi, Uyd. 

Denwdr, Ambdu 

Pahri, ML 

Cheping, Amai. 

Bhrdrau, Amai. 

Vdyu, Ume, ^mu. 

Kuswar, Amdi. 

Kusunda, Md'i. 

Thdru, Mahatdri. 

Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Amo. 

Bhtifini v. Lhopa, . . Ai. 



I 






I 



i 






K -I 



I 



' Bodo, Bma, bama, dyd, 

Dhimil, Amd, 

Kocch, Md. 

Garo, Ama. 

Kichdri, Ate. 



I 

I 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgi, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

Burman {written), 
Burman {spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kiimi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 



Imd. 

Annu. 

Onu. 

TU. 

Azo. 

Ingyong 

Uchd. 

Apu. 

Namu. 

Ndnd. 

Tsimd. 

Nu. 

Ami. 

Ami. 

Nii. 

NaM. 

Anvnd. 

A^. 

AnH. 

Ya. 

Moy amo. 

Mo. 

Men. 

Amyd. 

Me. 



' Talain v. Mon, . . 
Sgau-karen, . . . 
Pwo-karen,* . . . 
Toungh-thu, . . . 

Shdn, 

Annamitic, . . . 

Siamese, Md^ me. 

Ahom, Me. 

Khdmti, Me. 

Laos, ...... Me. 

■Ho(Kol), .... Enga. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Edng. 

Santdli, Gngd^ dyo ! iyo ! 

BhiSmij, Mai. 

Urdon, Ayyo. 

Mundala, Engan. 

Rdjmahali, .... Ay a. 

Gondi, Avaly ya^ ma, bau. 

Gayeti, Dai. 

Rutluk, Daiy ouwal. 

Naikude, Amma. 

Kolami, Amma. 

Mddi, Yaliy awa. 

Mddia, Maiyal. 

Kuri, Ayay ma. 

Keikddi, Amma. 

Khon^, Ayyd 

Sdvara, Yo. 

Gadaba, Penamma. 

Yerukala, Tdyi. 

Chentsu, Md. 

Tamil, anc, .... Fnrdl. 

Tamil, mod., .... Tdy^ dyi. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydlma, mod., . . Amma^ talla. 

Telugu, Talli, amma. 

Karadtaka, anc, . . Caret. 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Tdyi^ awa, amma. 

Tuluva, Appe. 

Kurgi, Awa. 

Toduva,) .... Caret. 

Toda, ) .... Aw. 

Kdta, Awe. 

Badaga, Awe, iai. 

Kufumba, .... Awe. 

Iruia, Awe. 

Malabar, Thai, matha, annei. 

Sinhalese, Amma. 



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144 



MONTAGNE-BERG— MOUNT AIN-GORA—MONS. 



[chap. IV. — NOUNS. 



1 

I 



I 
I 

I 



I 

I 






•I 

I 
I 

6 



1' 



Types, 

•^ (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 

' Bask, . . 

Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 

Gydrung, . 

Tdkpa, . 

Mdnyak, . 

ThochU, . 

Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {.written), 

Tibetan {spokm\ 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Th^ksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
New^, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingt^gya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling^ . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong 

Bdldli, . . 

Sing-pdng, 

Ehlmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrimu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 



Farvata, girL 
fabaL 

Mmdi, 
Wuori. 
Hegyy domb. 
Dagh, tepe, 
Meyzi, 
Mtha, gori, 

Aghola^ agola^ daFagan, diu- 
Dabaga^ alin, \larafL\^ 

Gunung, 
Redu 
Bukity gunung, 

Shdn, 

Shdn. 

Shdn, 

San, 

Soan. 

Yama, 

Mash, 

San, syan. 

Tavef, 

Ri, 

Ubi. 

Spydh, 

Tdvd, 

Rihrap. 

Ri, 

Ri. 

Ri, 

Ddrufd, 

Kwon, 

Gang, 

Ddndd, 

Yedadhyu, 

Pdhdr, 

Gun, 

Toksong, 

Bhar, 

Ddnda, 

Bhar, 

Bour, 

Ddfufa, 

Ddnda, 

Kwdngu, 

Kwdma, 

Tdm! him, 

Bro, 

Serte, koogku. 

Sani, kongku, 

Sdnggilt, 

Ydkphii, 

Bhuri, 

Caret, 

Udhdm, 

Caret, 

Ddnda, 

Pdkhd, 

Tolhd, 

Rids, 

Ddn4a, 

Chydjd, watie. 

Pahdr, 

Farbat, 

Far'bat, 

Rok, 
Rong, 






I 



I 






I 



4 



I 



I 

S 

J 



Bodo, . 




. . Hdjo,khro{^Qi^),g^er{%\^€). 


Dhimdl, 




. , Ra, ptiring (top). 


- Kocch, 




. . Farbof, mdlhi (top), mdjha 


Garo, . 




, . Hd-chitr, [(side). 


Kdchdri, 




. . Hajo, 


Munipuri, . . 


. . Ching. 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . 


. . Caret, 


Tablung Nigd, . 


, , Caret. 


Khdri Ndgd, . . 


. . Apih, 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 


. . Chaju, 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 


. . Hdho, 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


, , Min-dram, 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


. , Masan, 


Abor Miri, . . 


, , Adi, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 


. . Adi, 


Deoria Chutia, . 


. . AsU. 


Singpho, . . . 


. . Bum. 


' Burman (writtm), 


, . Tong, 


Burman {spoJun), , 


. , Taung, 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. , Taung, 


Kdmi, .... 


. , TaMn, 


Kiimi, .... 


, , Moi. 


Mni V. Toung, . 


. . Shungy tung. 


.Sdk 


, , Tako. 


' Talain v. Mon, . 


, , Khalonkhyan. 


Sgau-karen, . . 


, , K'sir, kutchhu. 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. . Kulaung. 


Toungh-thu, . . 


, . Koung. 


Shin, .... 


, , Fatouk, 


Annamitic, . . 


. . Nut, 


Siamese, . . . 


. . Khanta, pukhau. 


Ahom, .... 


, . Dot, 


Khimti, . . . 


, , Noi, 


Laos, .... 


, , Loi. 


•Ho(KoI), . . 


. . Buru, 


Kol (Singhbhum), 


. , Burti. 


Santili, . . . 


. , Buru, 


Bhiimij, 




. . Buru, 


Urdon, 




. , Fartd. 


Mundala, 




. , Buru, 


Rijmahalij 




. , Toke. 


Gondi, . 




, DongaTy mattd. 


Gayeti, 




, Matta, 


Rutluk, 




, Mata, 


Naikude, 




Seppa, 


Kolami, 




. Met, 


Midi, . 




, Metta, 


Mddia, 




, Madhd, 


Kuri, . 




, Katadi. 


Keikddi, 




Gutta, 


Khond, . 




. Soru, 


Sivara, 




Baru. 


Gadaba, . 




, Konqd, 


Yerukala, . 




. Ge(fu. 


Chentsu, 




. Farifat, 


' Tamil, anc, . . 


, Varei, 


Tamil, mod., . . 


. Malei, 


Malaydlma, anc, 


, Caret, 


Malayilma, mod., 


. Mala, 


Telugu, . . . . 


. Kon(fa, gutta. 


Karndtaka, anc, . . 


, Male, 


Karadtaka, mod., . 


, Gu4day male, betta. 


Tuliiva, . . . . 


. Gudde, 


Kurgi, 


, Caret, 


Toduva,) . . . 
Toda, 1 . . . 


, Fann, 


. Bana, dalta, mdrsh. 


K6ta, 


, Vettume. 


Baraga, . . . . 


, Betta, 


Kurumba, . . . 


, Beftu, 


Inila, 


, Mele. 


Malabar, . . . . 


, Malei, vetpu, mtru. 


Sinhalese, . 


. . . 


. Kanda, 



Digitized by 



Google I 



CHAP. IV. — NOUNS.] 



BOUCHE—MUND— MOUTH— ROT— OS. 



H5 



I 



t 



Types. 

J Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



Mukha. 
Famm, 



' Bask, Ao, abo, au, 

Finnic, Kuukausi. 

Magyar, Szaj. 

Turkish, Aghz, 



^ 



e 



t 



-5 









«<i' 



Circassian, 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, . 



Shey^ moii* koko* 

Firi, damtia* 

Amarty nang^X niurjichta.\ 

Angga, 

Changkem. 

Tutuk. 






Malay, Mulut, 

Chinese, Nankin, . . JCau, 

Chinese, Pekin, , . JCau, 

Chinese, Canton, . . Hau. 

Chinese, Shanghai, . Keu. 

Amoy, Colloquial, . . Ch' lii. 

Japanese, .... Kuchi. 

Brahuf, Caret 

Gydmi, Chwe, 

Gydrung, Tikhe, 

Tdkpa, Khd, 

Mdnyak, Yebd. 

ThochU, Dziikh, 

Sokpa, A'md, 

Horpa, Ya, 

Tibetan (writun\ . . KM. 

Tibetan {spokm), . . . Khd. 

fSerpa, Khd, 

Siinwdr, So, 

Gurung, Siifig, 

Miirmi, Sung, 

Magar, Gtut, 

Thdksya, Sung, 

Pdkhya, Mtikha. 

Newdr, Mhut^, 

Limbu, Murd, 

Kirdnti, Doh, 

Rodong, Dyo, 

Riingchenbung, . . . Do, 

Chhingtdngya, . . . Thurum, 

Ndchhereng, .... Gnocho, 

Wdling, TwOy do, 

Ydkha, Muldphu, 

Chourisya, .... Dull, 

Kulungya, .... Gno. 

Thulungya, .... Si, 

Bihingya, .... Syeu, 

Lohorong, .... Yd. 

Lambichhong, . . . Ydsi, 

Bdldli, Yd, 

Sdng-pdng, .... Gno. 

Ddmi, Kwonty kom, 

KMling, Kwom. 

Dungnikli, .... Two. 

Dirhi, Miihitn. 

Denwdr, MMiin. 

Pahri, Mhur. 

Cheping, Matong, 

BhidmUy Andm. 

Vijo, M^^hu. 

Kiiswar, MiM. 

l£mmds^ Sitgydd. birgyop^. 

LTbim, Mmia. 






I Dhimdl, 
0^ -I Kocch, 
^ Garo, . 
t^ [Kdchiri, 



I 



I 






i 

i5 



I 



Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 
' Burman {written)^ 
Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou 
Kdmi, . 
Kiimi, . 
Mni v. Toung, 
Sdk, . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahora, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

f Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum 
Santdli, 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Midi, . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . 
Keikddi, 
Khond, 
Sivara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukala, 
Chentsu, 

' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydiraa, mod, 
Telugu, . . 
Kar^dtaka, anc, 
Kan;Litaka, mod., 
Tuluva, . 
Kuiigi, . . 
Toijuva,) 
To<?a, ; 
K<5ta, . . 
Ba<Jaga, . 
Kiiftitiiba, 
Ini^ . . 
Malibar, . 



), 



Khouga. 

Nui. 

Mukh. 

Hoiong, 

Kuga, 

Chil, 

Tun. 

Chusim. 

Tabaun. 

Amii. . 

Tun. 

Tepang. 

Tabdng. 

Napang. 

Napiing. 

Dumju. 

Ninggup, 

Nhup. 

N/iok, pazaty nhup. 

Hakkau. 

Amakd. 

Liboung. 

Naur. 

A'ngsi, 

Khamoupan. 

TaJiko. 

Nok, 

Froung, 

Htsot, 

Mihig, 

Fat, pdk. 

Sup. 

Sop. 

Fdk. 

A'. 

A'. 

Mochd. 

Alang. 

Bdi, 

Mocha. 

Soro. 

Udi {mishang = moustache). 

Michhe (moustache). 

Micehegam (moustache). 

Misal (id.). 

Misal (id,). 

Misa (id.). 

Mishal (id.). 

Mache, musar (id.). 

Misou (id.). 

Sudda. 

Amukd. 

Tummo, 

Vdyi. 

M^. 

Caret. 
Vdy. 
Caret. 
Vdya. 
Nbru. 
Caret. 
Bdyi. 
JBayi. 
Bayu 
Fdyi. 
Boi. 
VaL 
BaL 
Bai. 
VaL 

va. 







1 



S Digitized by 



Google 



146 



NOM— NAME— NAME—IMYA—NOMEN. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



Types, 

•^ (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



1 






h 



t 



I 



I 



I 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tikpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochd, 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {writun\ 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Giirung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkbya, 

New^r> 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambiclihong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . , 

Khiling, . 

Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 



Ndtnan, 
Ism. 

Jzm. 
NimL 

Ncv. 

Ad, 

Caret. 

Sakhelo. 

Neray nere. 

Gebu, tsolo. 

Aran. 

Wasta. 

Ndma. 

Ming. 

Ming. 

Ming. 

Mingdeu. 

Mian. 

Na. 

Card. 

Minn. 

Tirming. 

Myeng. 

Ming. 

"BinidA. 

Ner. 

Sfnen.. 

Ming. 

Ming. 

Min. 

Ne. 

Ming. 

Min. 

Ming. 

Min. 

Ndu. 

Ndng. 

Ming. 

Ndng. 

Nang. 

Nang. 

Nang. 

Na. 

Nang. 

Ning. 

Di. 

Ning. 

Nang. 

Ning. 

Ning. 

Ning. 

Nang. 

Nan. 

Nang. 

Nang. 

Nang. 

Ndydm. 

Ndu. 

Nung. 

Myeng. 

Min. 

Ming. 

Nou. 

Giji. 

Nd-Uy ji. 

Abridng. 
Ming. 



9 


rBodo, Mung. 


1 


Dhimdl, . 








Ming. 


t) . 


Kocch, . 








Ndm. 


"jj 


Garo, . . 








Miing. 


^ 


^Kdchdri, . 








Mdmo. 




Munipuri, 






Caret. 


•sT 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 




Man. 


1 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 




Min. 


t^ 


Khdri Ndgd, . . , 




Achu. 


"fe. 


Angimi Nigd, . . 




Nzd. 


•1. 


Ndmsing Ndgd, . , 




Min. 


1 


Nowgong Ndgd, 




Tenung. 


ti; 


TengsaNdgd, . 




Tenying. 


I 


Abor Miri, . . 




A'min. 


^ 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 




A'min, 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 




Mu. 




Singpho, . . . 




Ming. 


■§ 


' Burman [written). 




Amin. 


1 


Burman {spoken), . 




Ami. 


"^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 




. Nami. 


*• 


Kdmi, .... 




Amin. 


e 


Kiimi, . . 






Amin. 


•| 


Mni v. Tounj 


?» • 




. Emi. 


•^ 


Sdk, . . 






. m 




' Talain v. Mo 


n, . 




Ydmu. 


5» 


Sgau-karen, 






Amyiy ami, mi. 


.tt 


Pwo-karen, 






Maing. 


5 


Toungh-thu, 






. Min. 


1 


Shdn, . . 






. Tsu. 


K • 


Annamitic, 






. Thi. 


h 


Siamese, . 






HtsOy chU. 


1 


Ahom, 






. Chu. 


i? 


Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

' Ho (Kol), 






. Tsu. 
Tsu. 

Nutum, numu. 




Kol (Singhbh 


um), 




Nutum. 




Santdli, . 






Gnutum. 




Bhiimij, 








Numu. 




Urdon, 








. Ndm. 




Mundala, 








Natum. 




Rdjmahali 








Ndmi. 




Gondi, 








Batti, parol, polio. 


;| 


Gayeti, 








Caret. 


1 


Rutluk, 








Caret. 


"N 


Naikude, 








Caret. 


-§ 


Kolami, 








Caret. 


a 


Midi, . 

Mddia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikddi, 

Khond, 

Sdvara, 

Gadaba, 

Yemkala, 

Chentsu, 








Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Fadda. 
Vonneman. 
Nenimmede. 
Andu. 
Nd. 




' Tamil, anc 


> 






Caret. 




Tamil, mod., 






Ph^. 




Malaydlma, anc, 




Caret. 




Malaydlma, mod., 




. Per. 




Telugu,' . . . 




Peru. 


• 


Karndtaka, anc, 




Pesaru. 


.3 


Karadtaka, mod.. 




Hesaru. 


^ 


Tuliiva, . . . 




Pudar. 


? ' 


Kurgi, . . 






. Peda. 


•s* 


Toduva,) 
Toda, I 






Per. 


d 






Per. 




K6ta, . . 






Per. 




Badaga, . 






Hesaru. 




Kurumba, 






Hessaru, pern. 




Iruja, . . 






Hessuru. 




Malabar, . 






Per, namam. 




Sinhalese, 








Nama. 



Digitized by VjOOQ IC 



CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



NUIT—NACHT— NIGHT— NOIH—NOX. 



147 



. Types. 


% fBodo, 


Hor. 


1 (Sanskrit, 
I, (Arabic, . 








. Nak (Vedic), rdtri, 
. LeiL 


^ 

^ 


Dhimil, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . , 




Nhishing. 

Rdth. 

Phar, 


s 


Bask, . . 








Gau, arrats, zaro. 


'k 


Kdchdri, . 




Hor. 




Finnic, . 








. Vo, 




Munipuri, . . . . 


Ahing. 




Magyar, . 








Ej\ 


s 


MfthdnNdgi, . . . 


Rang nak. 


& 


Turkish, . 








. Gejeh. 


1 


Tablung Ndgd, . . . 


Vang niak. 


1 


Circassian, 








Kaysheyy tsheytshi. 


-^ 


KhdriN4g£,. . . . 


A'ydh. 


r 


Georgian, 








Ghame^ guiziilL^ 


"^ 


Angdmi Ndgi, . . . 


Tizi. 


Mongolian, 








Ssuni, 


■15 


Ndmsing N^d, . . . 


Rangpan. 


e 


Mantshu, 








Dobori, 


r 


Nowgong Ndgd, . . 


Aunu. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Wengi, 


'i: 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . . 


A'sangdi. 




Javanese, Krama, 




Ddlu, 


^ 


Abor Miri, . . . . 


Kamogah. 




Malay, . . . 




Mdlam. 


"S 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . . 


Kammo. 




Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Ye, 
Ye. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . , 
Singpho, 


Siri. 
Sind. 


.^ 


Chinese, Canton, 




Ye, 


1 


Burman {written), 


Nyin, nya. 


1" 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Yd.ydli, 


2t 


Burman {spoken), . . 


Nyin^ nyd. 


•1 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Min. 


OQ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Aydn. 




Japanese, . . 




Yoru. 


h^ 


Kdmi, 


Makhun. 


' 










« 


KiSmi, 


Wadum. 


Brahuf, . 








Caret, 


1 


Mni v. Toung, . . 


Wdr. 


^ 


' Gyimi, 








Khelo, 


^ 


.Sdk, 


Handhe. 


g 


Gydrung, . 








TodUy tongmor. 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


Khatan. 


h 


Tdkpa, . 








SenH, 


.g 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Nah,pdthi. 


i 


M^yak, . 








Kwakah, 


1 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Munah. 


Thochii, . . 








Ashd, 


\ 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


Moha, 


1 

s 


Sokpa, . . 








Su, 


I. 


Shin, 


Ka khdn. 


Horpa, . . 








Spha, 


h 


Annamitic, . . . 


T>em. 


1 


Tibetan (wriom), 






yitshanmo. 




Siamese, .... 


Thankhen^ khiin. 


2 


Tibetan (spoken). 






Chenmo, 


1 


Ahom, 


Dam. 










^ 


Khdmti, .... 


Khiin. 




Serpa, . . . 






Chemo. 




Laos, 


Khun. 


} 


Sdnwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
MiSrmi, . 
Magar, . 
Thiksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 








Nado, 

Mhois, 

Mm. 

Ndmbik. 

Mun, 

Rdtu 

Chd. 

Kusetiy sendik. 




Ho(Kol), 

Kol (Sing! 

Santili, 

Bhilmij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali 

Ck)ndi, 


ibhum), . 


Nida. 

Nindhd. 

Gnindd. 

Nidhd. 

MdkM. 

Nidak. 

Mdke. 

Narka, narkadt. 




' Kirdnti, . 








Khdkwe. 


'n 


Gayeti, 




Narka. 




Rodong, . 








KhosaL 


Rutluk, 




Narka. 




Riingchenbung, 






Ukhdkhwdi, ukhdko. 


•^• - 


Naikude, 




, Ale. 




Chhingtdngya, 






Ukha khuit. 


•| 


Kolami, 




Andhar. 


g< 


Ndchhereng, . 






Umsydpa, 





Midi, . 




Narka. 


s 


Wdling, . 








UmkhakMy akhakhwi. 




Midia, 




Narka. 


^ 


Yikha, . 








Seh'ni, 




Kuri, . 




, Rdti. 


1 


Chourdsya, 








Domsdy dwdng prime. 




Keikidi, 




Namar. 


s. 


Kulungya, 








Sepa. 




Khond, 




Caret. 


i^' 


Thulungya, 








Dum'ma, dungma. 




Sivara, 




Togolo. 




Bdhingya, 








TyugndchL 




Gadaba, 




Tungpl. 


Lohorong, 








Sen, 




Yerukala, . 




RavUy ndvdru. 


« 


LambichSong 


> 






Isembdy semba. 




Chentsu, , 




Rdyit. 


i^ 


Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-ping, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

' D^hi, . . 








Setta. 

Sepd, umsepd, 
ITsenydm. 
IT send m, 
, ITmkMkM, khdkhdi, 

Rdto, 




Tamil, anc, . . . 
Tamil, mod., . . . 
Malayilma, anc, 
Malayilma, mod., . 
Telugu,* .... 
Karndtaka, anc, 


Al. 

Irdy irtil. 

Caret. 

Irul. 

Reyiy rdtri^ mdpu. 

Ira(u, 


I 


Denwdr, . 








Rdting, 


1 


Kamitaka, mod., . 


Iralu, 


1^ 


Pahri, . . 








ChdndkOy chanko. 


^ 


Tuluva, .... 


Iral. 


"S^ 


Chepdng, . 








Yd. 


g ' 


Kurgi, 


Iral, beitu. 


^■ 


Bhrimu, . 








Caret. 


^ 


Toduva,) . . . 
Toda, ; . . . 
K6ta, 


Caret. 


1 


Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 








Eksdy yeksa, 
Rdthi, 


«o 


Kaggdr. 
. Katta/e. 


Kusunda, . 
Thdru. . . 








Ing-gai, 
RdH. 




Badaga, .... 
Kunimba, . . . 


IrUy kattale. 
. Iru. 


<, r - 










Inija, 


. Rittu. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




Sanap. 




Malabar, .... 


. IravUy irattiriy al. 




Bhiitdni V. LI 


lop 


a, 




Phir^y nammo. 




Sinhalese, 




. R(B. 



Digitized by 



Google 



148 








HUILE—OEL— OIL— MASLO— OLEUM. 


[chap, iv.— nouns. 


Types. 




Bodo, 


Thou. 


■^ (Sanskrit, . 
■I, (Arabic, . . 






. Taila. 
. Zeit 


Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 




. Chuiti. 

Turi, til, tisi, enda (from 
Tel. [plants of same names). 




Bask, . . . 






. Olio. 


^ [Kdchdri, 




Too. 




Finnic, . . 






. Oljy. 




r Munipuri, 




Card. 




Magyar, . . 






. Olaj, 


1 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 


Mangd. 


^ 


Turkish, . . 






. Caret. 


Tablung Ndgi, . . 


Mangd. 


1 


Circassian, . 






. Card. 


=1 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Tutsu. 


r 


Georgian, . 






. Z^thL 


"^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Kakizu. 


Mongolian, . 






. Toson. 


.| 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


Tdnthi. 


Mantshu, . 






I^imenggiy imenggi. 


g 


Nowgong N^d, 


Totsu. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




. Lenga, 


1^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


Mdngd. 




Javanese, Krama, 




. Lisah. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . . 


Tuldng. 




Malay, . . . 




. Miiiak. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Tuldng. 


1- 


' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 






^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 
Singpho, .... 


Tu. 

Nam-dn. 


Chinese, Canton, 




. Yau, 


1 


Burman {.written^ 


Achhi. 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Veu, 


^ 


Burman (spoken), . . 


Shi. 


•i; 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




. M 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


To. 




Japanese, . . 




. Abura. abua. 


*■ 


Kdmi, 


Shi. 










s 


KiSmi, 


Sarou. 


Brahuf, . . 






Card. 


1 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


Shi. 


:§■ 


' Gydmi, 








. Eue^ yu. 


^ 


.Sik, 


Siddk. 


K 


Gydrung, 








Chinswi (from mustard). 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


Kalihn. 


h 


Tdkpa, 








Kyamar. 


.g' 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Tho. 


^ 


Mdnyak, 








Fchird, itira. 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Thu. 


I- 


Thochd, 








Chingyu. 


s 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


Numan. 


1 


Sokpa, . 








Mdchinthoso. 


1 


Shdn, ..... 


Naman. 


12 


Horpa, 








Marnak. 


N ' 


Annamitic, . . . 


Ddu. 


Tibetan {wrUUn\ 






Hbrumdr. 


h 


Siamese, .... 


Namau, nam, man. 


s 


Tibetan (spoken). 






Num. 


.9 


Ahom, 


Man ngd. 










^ 


Khdmti, .... 


Nam, man. 




Serpa, . . . 






, Num. 




Laos, 


Nam, man. 


^ 


Silnwdr, 
GiSrung, 
Miirmi 








Gyo. 

Chug&. 

Chig&. 

SidL 

Chhigu. 

Tel. 

Chikang. 

Ninge. 




'Ho(Kol), . . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), . 


Sunum. 
Sunum. 


1 


^<XU1 1111, 

Magar, 
Thiksya, 
Pdkhya, , 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 










Santili, 

BhiSmij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali 

Gondi, 




Sunum, hade (oil-cake). 

Sunum. 

Issum. 

Sunam. 

Isgne. 

Nlng, ni. 




' Kirdnti, . 








Awd. 


.<s 


Gayeti, 




Ni. 




Rodong, . 








Beli 


^ 


Rutluk, 




Ni. 




Riingchenbung, . 






Ah! wa. 


^ 


Naikude, 




Nane. 




Chhingtdngya, 






Kiya. 


-fc 


Kolami, 




Nunc. 


^ 


Ndchhereng, . 






Tel. 


a 


Mddi, . 




Ni, nai, niyu. 


Wdling, . . 






AH wd. 




Mddia, 




Nei. 


Ydkha, . . . 






Kiwa. 




Kuri, . 




Sunum. 


1 


Chourdsya, . 






Tilydm. 




Keikddi, 




Yana. 


Kulungya, . . 






KhUdm. 




Khond, 




Niju. 


■g. ■ 


Thulungya, . 






Tel. 




Sdvara, 




Miyyalo. 


<^ 


Bdhingya, . . 






Gydwa. 




Gadaba, 




Sol 


■■s 


Lohorong, 






Kewa. 




Yenikala, 




Rganna, vanna. 


1 


Lambichhong, 






Kiya. 




Chentsu, 




Tel 


s< 


Bdldli, . . . 






Ah wd. 




' Tamil, anc 




Neyam. 




Sdng-ping, . 






Khit lam. 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


Ennei, nei, ninam. 




Diimi, . . . 






Khilem. 




Malaydlma, anc, 


Card. 




Khdling, . . 






. Khilam. 




Malaydlma, mod., . 


Enna. 




Dungmdli, 






. AKwd. 




Telugu, .... 


Nune. 




' Ddrhi, . . . 






Tel. 




Karndtaka, anc, . . 


. Caret. 


1 


Denwdr, . 






Tel. 


1 


Karndtaka, mod., . 


. Enne. 


1^ 


Pahri, . . . 






Su. 


^ 


Tuluva, .... 


Enne. 




Chepdng, . . 
Bhrdmu, . . . 
Vdyu, . . . 






Sdte, liko. 

Asd. 

Ki. 


1 


Kurgi, 

Toduva,) . . . 
Toda, ; . . . 


Yunne. 

Enn. 

Emm. 


1 


Kuswar, . . 
Kusunda, . . . 
Thini 






Tel. ' 
Jing 
Tela. 




K6ta, 

Badaga, .... 
Kurumba, . . . 


Yenne. 
Yenne. 
Yenne. 


* ' 








Irula, 


Enne. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 




Nam. 




Malabar, 


Enr^ei, thylam. 




Bhiitdni v. 


Lhop. 


1, . 




Mdkhu. 




Sinhalese, 




Tel. 



Digitized by 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] PLANTAIN— PISANG— PLANTAIN— INDiJSKOE RASTYENIE— PLANTAGO. 149 



Types. 

I (Sanskfut, 
4 (Arabic, . 



1 



I 






I 



J 



Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, .... 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



KadalL 
Lisdnilhamai. 

Zainbdar, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Gidang. 

Pisang. 

Pisang. 

Tsiaou. 

Chiaou. 

TM. 

Caret. 

Gengchio. 

Obako. 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Caret. 

Gydmi, Mdchouker. 

Gyirung, Caret. 

Tdkpa, Lamrep. 

Mdnyak, Caret. 

ThochiS, Sarmi. 

Sokpa, Caret. 

Horpa, Caret. 

Tibetan (wrium), . . Caret. 

Tibetan (spokat), . . . Grdid, gndld. 

Serpa, Langasi. 

Siinwdr, Mujhi. 

Gdrung, Kala. 

Milrmi, Moche. 

Magar, Mocha. 

Thdksya, Tatung-ro. 

Pdkhya, Kela. 

Newdr, Mwai. 

Limbu, LdseH. 

Kirdnti, Gndksi, 

Rodong, Gnosi. 

Riingchenbung, . . . Gnakst. 

Chhingtingya, . . . GndkldsL 

Ndchhereng, .... Li-gndksi. 

Wdling, Gndks{. 

Ydkha, Chemokla. 

Chourdsya, .... Balchi. 

Kulungya, .... Li-gnvksi. 

Thulungya, .... Le-gnoksi. 

Bdhingya, Grdmuchl. 

Lohorong, .... Chdngma^. 

Lambichhong, . . . Gndkldbu. 

Bdldli, Gndkldsi. 

Sdng-pdng, .... Gndiasi. 

Dilmi, Legndsi. 

Khdling, Li^ndksi. 

Dungniili, .... Gndksi. 

Ddrhi, Kera. 

Denwdr, £era, 

Pahri, Mosyi^ mozyi. 

Cheping, Miesai^ maise, 

Bhianm, Ungsyc 

V^ Risd. 

Karawv Kera, 

Kmndei, MxM. 

Tbtey Xenu 



TBtHJBl'r. 



I 



I 



I 



a 



1 

0) 



.6 

i 
h 

to 



I 

i 



Bodo, . 
Dhimil, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khiri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgi, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Nigi, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman {written), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou. 
Kdmi, . 
KiSmi, . 
Mni v. Toimg, 

[Sdk, . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhi 
Santdli, 
Bhilmij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 
Gondi, . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . 
Midia, . 
Kuri, . 
Keikidi, 
Khond, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukak, 
Chentsu, 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydjma, mod. 
Telugu, . . 
Kar^itaka, anc., 
Karndfaka, mod., 
Tuluva, 
Kurgi, . 
Toijuva, ) 
To4a, ; 
Kdta, . 
Baraga, 
Koftunba, 
Iraja, « 
Malabttr, 
Sbdutoe, 



), 



Thdiit, laiphdng. 
Yumphl. 
Kollo. 
Laktai. 
Tali. 

Lapoi. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Mango. 

Tekivasi. 

Kieke. 

Samum. 

Mongp. 

KopagiL 

Kopage, 

Tuzu. 

Lungu. 

Nghakpyo. 

Nghetpyo. 

Nhdmpau. 

Rati. 

Kuti. 

DengMi. 

Tsaii. 

Hpyat. 

Thkwi, thakwi. 

Thakwi. 

Gnd. 

Kwd. 

Shudi. 

Kalway^ klue. 

Kui. 

Kue. 

Kue. 

Kadal. 
Koiial. 
Kaera. 
Kodal. 
Kera. 
Kela. 
Kalvi. 

Ker^ kera {kereng, pi.). 
Ker. 
Kera. 
Kela. 
Kor. 

Kediy dugadi. 
Caret. 

Kete {thora = wild). 
IValasadi. 
Tddi. 
Ki'nte. 
Vusubullu. 
Nivdle. 
Ko4ely sodail. 

Caret. 

Vdzhei. 

Caret. 

Vdzha. 

Aratij arati-pandu. 

Caret. 

Bd^. 

BdU. 

Bdfe. 

Caret. 

Pdvom, 

FdAanne. 

Bldehanr^u. 

Palehannu. 

Pdiepdmbu, 

VdleL 

Kaei. 




■*.'^aKi" 



JL 



'? / .-v •■■■ «.. ■aftW ■;<■ ■ 



Digitized by VjOOQ IC 



ISO 



RIVIERE— FLUSS— RIVER— RGEKA—FLUMEN. 



[CHAP. IV.— NOUNS. 



Types. 

(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



1 



Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, .... 
Circassian, . . . 
- Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



I 



I 



2 



I 



I 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Darydv, 



Nodi, 
Nahr. 

Ibaiy errio. 

KymL 

Folyam, 

Chay, 

Tshau 

Mdinare. 

Ghoi, ghool. 

Eyen, bira^ biragduy sekiyen, 

Kalu 

Lepen, 

Sungei, 

Ho, kiat^. 
Ho^ chiang. 
Ho, kong, 
u, 

Kang, ho, 
Kawa, 



Gydrai, . . . 
Gydrung, . . . 
Tdkpa, . . . 
Mdnyak, . . . 
Thochd, . . . 
Sokpa, . . . . 
Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan (writtgn), 
Tibetan (spoken), . 



I 

I 



' Serpa, .... 

SiSnwir, . . . 

Gilrung, . . . 

Mdrmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

limbu, . . . 

Kirdnti, . .* , 
Rodong, . . . 
Rilngchenbung, . 
Chhingtdngya, . 
Ndchhereng, . . 
Wdling, . . . 
Ydkha, . . . 
Chourdsya, . .. 
Kulimgya, . . 
Thulungya, . . 
Bdhingya, . . . 
Lohorong, . . 
Lambichhong, . 
BdMli, .... 
Sdng-pdng, . . 
Diimi, .... 
Khiling, . . . 
Dungmdli, . . 

fDdrhi, 

Denwdr, . . . 
Pahri, .... 
Chepdng, . . . 
Bhrdmu, . . . 
Vdyu, .... 
Kuswar, . . . 
Kusunda, . . . 
Thdru,. . . . 



Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, . 



Sh^i. 
Tichi, 
Chhu 
Dydh, 
Chabrdh, 
JVassu, usu. 
Hrdh. 
Gtsangpo, 
Chdngpo. 

Hyung. 

Khwong. 

Syong, 

Khold. 

Umdakyu. 

Khola. 

KhUsu 

Chua, wolumg. 

Hongku. 

Wd hwdi, 
Hongku. 

Wdhoh' ma. 
H^ng kwama. 
Hong'ma. 
Hong'ma. 

Gulo. 

Yowd. 

KurM. 

Gulo. 

Yuwa, hon^ma. 

Wdyd. 
Hong'ma. 

Hokoma, hongkoma, 
R^. 

Yo, kdwd. 
Hongma. 

Khold. 

Ldri. 

Khdrd. 

Kyii, gpro. 

GMul. 

Gang, bimbo, bingmu. 

Kosi. 

Gimmekond. 

Khold. 

Ongkyong. 
Chhukyong. 



% fBodo, 






I 



•*) 






^ 



^ 

■^ 



I 
"5 



.« 

•^ 
^ 

^ 
? 



Dhimil, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichdri, 

' Munipuri, 
Mfthin Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Nigd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgi, 
Tengsa Nigd, 
Abor Miri, 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman (written)^ 
Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, . 
Kilmi, . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sdk, . 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 



um 



r Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhi 
Santdli, 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Miindala, 
Rdjmahalij 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . 
Keikddi, 
KJiond, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukala. 
Chentsu, 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc. 
Malaydjma, mod. 
Telugu," . . 
Karadtaka, anc, 
Karaitaka, mod, 
Tuluva, 
Kurgi, . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, ) 
K6ta, . 
Badaga, 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . 
Malabar, 
Sinhalese, 



). 



Dot (water), doigedd, doisha. 

Chi (water), badkachi. 

Nodi, tarang. [mhoikac/ii. 

Chi. 

Daisa, daima. 

Turd. 
Lhua. 
Yang nil. 
Atsu. 
Kharr. 
Joan. 
TsUlatsii. 
Tii/d. 
Asie. 
Abunge. 
Jimaji. 
Khd. 

Mrach. 

Myit. 

Haloung. 

Kavd. 

Kawa. 

Au. 

Fist. 

Pi. 

Tiklo, klo. 

Tikluk. 

Nhrong. 

Ndnhowk. 

Sdng. 

Mayna, mmam. 

Khe. 

Khyenam. 

Namme. 

Garra, gada (?). 

Garra. 

Ndi, sakada, gdda (?), mun- 



Garra. 

Khdr, khad (?). 

Garra. 

Card. 

Dondd,jhodi, dhoda. 

Jhodi. 

Kurergangd. 

Peni. 

Peni. 

Bereridotcu 

{Per = water.) 

Gada. 

A'r. 

Jodi. 

Ndyi. 

Poggilu. 

A'ru. 

Loddi, ladi. 

Varupunal. 

A'ru. 

Card. 

Puzha, dra. 

Eru. 

Pole. 

Hole. 

Tude. 

Pole. 

Pd. 

Pa. 

Peye, pevi. 

Halla, holla. 

Nir^. 

Palla. 

Ydru, kangei. 

Ganga. 



[du. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. IV. — NOUNS.] 



CHEMIN—STRASSE— ROAD— DOROGA— VIA. 



151 



Types. 



J 


(Arabic, 






. . Tariky darb. 


s 


Bask, . 
Finnic, 
Magyar, 






. . Bide^ kamio, 
. . Tie, 
. . Ut 


^ 


Turkish, 






. . YoL 




Circassian, 




. . Oghogu, 


\ 


Georgian, 




. . Gza. 


Mongolian, 




. . Terghegliur^ zam. 


a 


Mantshu, 




. £>orOy dshugoHy giya. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 


Chalan. 




Javanese, Krama, 


. Margi, 




Malay, . . . 


. Jdlan. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 


. Lu, 




Chinese, Pekin, . 


. Lu, 


^ 


Chinese, Canton, . 


. Lo, 


!■ 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


. Lu, 


'^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


. Lo, 




Japanese, 




. Michi. 


Brahuf, . 




. Kasar, 


:^ 


' Gydmi, 






. M. 




Gydrung, . 






. Tri. 


A 


Tikpa, . 






. Lemdat4g, 


*c» 


Mdnyak, . 






. ^d/t. 


'■g . 


Thochii, . 






. GriA, 


1 


Sokpa, 






. Chdm, 


Horpa, . 






. Cheh. 


1 


Tibetan {ivritten), . 


. Lam, 


S 


^ Tibetan \spokm), . . 


. LanL 




'Serpa, 


Lam, 


-j^ 


Slinwdr, . 






. Ld, 


■Vj 


Gilrung, . 






. Kydn, 


^ 


Milrmi, 






Ghyam, 




Magar, 






. Ldm. 


Thdksya, . 






. Ghydm. 


1 


Pdkhya, . 






. Bdto. 


Newir, . 






. Lon. 




^ Limbu, . 






. Ldm, 


' Kirinti, . 






, Ldm, 




Rodong, . 






, Ldm, 




Rilngchenbung, . . 


, Ldm, 




Chhingtdngya, . . 


, Ldmbo, 


^ 


Ndchhereng, . . . 


, Urn, 


S, 


Wdling, . . 




. Ldm, 


t 


Ydkha, . . 




, Um' bu. 


^ 


Chourdsya, , 




, Ldm, 


5S 


Kulungya, 




, Ldm. 




Thulungya, . 




, Ldm, 


Bdhingya, 




. Ldm, 


VJ 


Lohorong, . 




, Ldm, IdmpM, 


i^ 


Lambichhong 


> 


. Ldmbo, 


Bildli, . . . 




, Ldm, 


Sdng-pdng, . 




, Ldm, 




Ddmi, . . . 




. Ldmdau, 




Kh^ing, . , 




, Ldmdo, 




Dungmdli, . 




. Ldm, 


•< 


' Ddrhi, . . . 




. Pdnya, 


1* 


Denwdr, . 






, Bdt, 


iC 


Pahri, . . 






, Long, 


V 


Chepdng, . 






Lydm, 


rS - 


Bhrdmu, . 






, Ifmmd, 


^ 


V^yu, . . 






, Loin. 


^ 


Kuswar, . 






, Bdt, 


1 


Kusunda, , 






, Won. 


«ci 


Thdru,. , 






, Rastd. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 


, Laum. 




BhiS0ni V. 


LI 


lopa, 


. Um, 



I 



5> 



I 






J: 



h 



>! 






Bodo, . 








. Ldmd 


Dhimdl, 








. L>dmd, 


Kocch, 








. Body sorok. 


Garo, . 








. iMm. 


Kdchdri, 








. I^ma. 


' Munipuri, 






. Caret, 


Mithdn Ndgi, 






Lam. 


Tablung Ndgd, 






Lam. 


Khiri Ndgd, . 






Ndi. 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 






Chdh. 


Nims^g Nigd, . 






Lam, 


Nowgong Ndgd, 






ILemang. 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 






Unglan. 


Abor Miri, . . 






Lambdi. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 






Ldmte. 


Deoria Chutia, . 






Tsdgu. 


Singpho, . . . 






Ldm. 


' Burman (writun), 






Lam. 


Burman (spoken), . 






hdn^ ldm. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 






Ldm! 


Kdmi, .... 






Ldng. 


Kiimi, .... 






Ldm. 


Mni V. Toung, . 






Tamd. 


^Sdk, .... 






Ldng. 


' Talain v. Mon, . 






Khapann. 


Sgau-karen, . . 






Kldi, khle. 


Pwo-karen, . . 






Pungthah. 


Toungh-thu, . . 






Klaytantha. 


Sh^n, . . . . 






Tdn, 


Annamitic, . . 






-Ddng, 


Siamese, . . . 






Hontdny ihdng. 


Ahom, .... 






Tdng. 


Khdmti, . . . 






Tdng. 


Laos, .... 






Tang 


'Ho(Kol), . . 






Hord 


Kol (Singhbhum 


), .' 




Horra, 


Santili, . . . 






Havy dahdr. 


Bhiimij, . 








Horren. 


Urdon, 








Ddhdri. 


Mundala, . 








Horah. 


Rijmahali, 








Sarke. 


Gondi, 








Sarri. 


Gayeti, , 








Caret. 


Rutluk, . 








Caret. 


Naikude, . 








Card. 


Kolami, . 








Caret. 


Mddi, . . 








Caret. 


Mddia, . 








Caret. 


Kuri, . . 








Caret. 


Keikddi, . 








Caret. 


Khond, . 








Pdhori, 


Sdvara, 








Tangora. 


Gadaba, . 








Kungoru. 


Yerukala, . 








Yegi. 


Chentsu, . 








Bdt. 


' Tamil, anc. 


» • 






Neri. 


Tamil, mod., . . 






Vazhi. 


Malaydlma, anc, 




Caret. 


Malaydjma, mod., . 




Vazhi. 


Telugu,' . . . . 




Ddriy dbvtty bdto. 


Karndtaka, anc, 




Pddi. 


Kamdtaka, mod., . 




Hddi. 


Tuliiva, . . . . 




Sddi. 


Kurgi, .... 






Batfe. 


Toduva,") . . 
Toda, 1 . . 






Morg. 






A'lddr. 


K6ta, . . . 






A'idre. 


Badaga, . . 






Ddri. 


Kurumba, 






Dari. 


Iruja, . . . 






Beiiy dad4a. 


Malabar, . . 






TherUy vithiy vaizi. 


Sinhalese, 








. Mdvata. 



Digitized by 



Google 



152 



SEL— SALZ--SALT— SOL— SAL. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 






1 






Types, 

^Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



I 



I 

h 

I 
I 



I 



I 
3 



^3 

I 



I 
I 



^ 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 



Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochil, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 
Tibetan {vmUen\ 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newir, 
Limbu, 



Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 

Denwdr, . 

Pahri, . . 

Chepdng, . 

Bhrdmu, . 

Vdyu, . . 

Kuswar, . 

Kusunda, . 

Thdru, . . 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhilfini v. Lhopa, 



Lavana. 
Milh. 

Gatz, 

Suola, 

So, 

Tuz, 

Zogho, shugu. 

Marili, 

Daboson^ dabusun, 

Debsuriy dabsun. 

Uyah, 

Sarim. 

Gdram, 

Yen, 
Yen, 
I'm, 
Yen, 
lam, 
Liwo, 

Be, 

Yan, 

Chhe. 

Tsd, 

Cheh. 

Cfuh. 

Tdvoso, 

Chhdh. 

Tshd, 

Chhd, 

Chhd, 

Yusi. 

Chdchd. 

Chdchd, 

CM, 

Chacha. 

Nun, 

Chhi, 

Yum. 

Yum. 
Rum, 
Yum, 
Yum, 
Ram, 
Yum, 
Yum, 
Yok su 
Gum, 
Yo, 

Yuk si, 
Yiim, 
Yiim, 
YUm, 
Rum, 
Ram, 
Ram, 
Yum, 

N^n, 

Nun, 

Chihd, 

Se, 

Chhd, 

Chia, jikhom. 

Nun, 

Huk vi. 

Nun, 

Vom, 
Chhd, 



\ 


Bodo, 


. Shyungkdre^ sayungkri^ 
, Dese, \sankhri 


Dhimdl, .... 


^ 


Kocch, .... 


. Nun (^W/4^z/= saltpetre). 


^ 


Garo, 


. Syang, 


^ 


Kdchdri, .... 


Shoonkri, 




Munipuri, . . . 


. Thum, 


•si 


Mfthdn Ndgi, . . 


Hum, 


1 


TablungNdgd, . . 


, Hum, 




Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


, Machi, 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


, Matse, 


1 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


Sum, 


1 


Nowgong N^d, 


. Matsii, 


^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


. Machi, 


^ 


Abor Miri, . . . 


, Alu, 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


. Alio, 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


SUn, 




Singpho, .... 


Jum, 


1 


' Burman {written). 


, Chhd, 


1 


Burman (spoken), , . 


. S7id, 


'^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


, Tsi, 


h' 


Kdrai, 


Maloi, 


§ 


Kilmi, 


, Piloi, 


1 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


, Wi^hd, 




Sik, 


, Sung, 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


. Po, 


. 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


. Ithah, 


1 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. TUah, 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


. Td, 


1 


Shdn, ..... 


. Ko, 


S ^ 


Annainitic, . . . 


. Mudi, 


h 


Siamese, .... 


Kd lo, kleUa, 


5 

w 


Ahom, 


. Klu, 


i? 


Khimti, .... 


. Ku, 




Laos, 


KeUy kem. 




'Ho(Kol), . . . 


Bulung, 




Kol (Singhbhum), . 


Bulung, 




Santdli, .... 


Bulung^ khdrd (adj.). 




Bhilmij, .... 


Bulung, 




Urdon, .... 


Bekh, 




Mundala, .... 


Bulang, 




Rdjmahali, . . . . 


Beke, 




Gondi, 


Sabbar^ sawod. 


J 


Gayeti, 


Sawod. 


1 


Rutluk, 


Sa7vor, 




Naikude, 


Sup, 


c 


Kolami, 


Sup. 


Midi, 


A^vori, howar. 




Mddia, 


Howar, 




Kuri, 


Bulum, 




Keikddi, 


Upu, 




Khond, 


Vuppanga, 




Sdvara, . . . . . 


Basi. 




Gadaba, 


Bitti, 




Yerukala, 


Sonava, 




Chentsu, 


Nun, 




Tami], anc, . . . . 


Caret, 




Tamil, mod., . . . . 


Uppu, 




Malaydlma, anc, . . 


Caret, 




Malaydlma, mod., . . 


Uppa, 




Telugu,* 


Uppu, 




Karndtaka, anc, . . 


Caret, 


1 


Karndtaka, mod., . . 


Uppu, 


^ 


Tuliiva, 


Upp, 


g - 


KuVgi, 


Uppu, 


•;§ 


Toduva,) . . . . 
Toda, ; . . . . 


Uppu, 


ji 


Uppu, 




K6ta, 


Uppu, 




Badaga, 


Uppu, 




Kurumba, . . . . 


Uppu, 




Irula, 


Uppu, 




Malabar, 


UppUy lavanam. 




Sinhalese, 


Lunu, 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. IV. — NOUNS.] 



PEAU— HAUT— SK I N—KOJA— CUTIS. 



153 



Tfpa. 

I (Sanskrit, 
"I (Arabic, . 



I 



I 



I 






h 

I 

I 
6 



I 



I 

r 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochil, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (written) 
Tibetan {spokm\ 

Serpa, . . 

Siinwdr, . 

Giirung, . 

Milrmi, . 
Magar, 

Thdksya, . 

Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourisya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichlhong. 

Bdlili, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Dilraiy . . 

Khdiing, . 

Dtmgmdli, 

Dirhi, . . 

Denwdr, . 

Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 

BhiamU) • 

Viyn, . . 
Ktumr, 









Charman. 
/tidy kishr. 

LarrUy narru, 

Nahka. 

Bor, 

Derek, 

Shuway, 

KanL 

Arisan. 

Feri, 

Kulit 

Kulit 

Kulit 

n. 

BL 
PL 

Kawa, 

Caret. 

Phicha. 

Tidri, 

Phyekh, 

Grah, 

Pdpi, 

Sdrti. 

Gla, 

Pdgspa, 

Pdgpa. 

Koppa. 

Kusyul. 

DHL 

DibhL 

Chdla. 

Dhu 

Chhdla, 

SyUy chegii, 

Horiky saho, 

ITJiok bd. 

Hulepd, 

ffokway sahokwa, 

Sdhokwa, 

Sdhok, 

Sdhok, 

Sdho wdrik, 

KwaUtey kokte, 

Soko wdri, 

Kwoksiy koksiy kokte, 

Koksiy koksyu, 

Sdhok. 

SdhoHwa, 

Sdho\ 

Sdhokwa, 

Sdkd, 

Sakd. 

ffokway umhokway sahokwa, 

Chdla. 

Chdia. 

CHgra. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Kokcho. 

aula. 

GMn. 
Cnm$t$* 



I 



I 

I 
I 



^ 
«?)1 



Bodo, BigHr. 

Dhimdl, JDhdie. 

Kocch, Chamra, 

Garo, Holop. 

Kichdri, Caret. 



I 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgi, . 
Tablung Nigi, . 
Khdri Ndg^ . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
N^sdng Ndgi, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Nigd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



Burman (writun), 
Burman {spokm\ . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, .... 
Kdmi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 



Ul. 

Khoan. 

Soh. 

Tagap. 

Bikhr. 

A'khuon. 

Takap. 

Takap. 

Dumoer. 

Asiig. 

Chikun. 

Phi. 

Sdre. 

ThdyCy axd 

Wun. 

Aphu. 

Pe. 

Pi. 

Mi4ak. 



1 

h 



' Talain v. Mon, . . . Nan. 
Sgau-karen, .... Tahpiy aphe. 
Pwo-karen, .... Tserpate. 

Toungh-thu, .... Phro. 

Shin, Nann. 

Annamitic, .... Da. 

Siamese, Nann, nang. 

Ahom, Plek. 

KMmti, Nang. 

Laos, Nang. 

Ho (Kol), .... Caret. 
Kol (Singhbhum), . . Ur. 

Santili, Hdrtd. 

Bhilmij, Ur. 

Urdon, Chapta. 

Mundala, Harta. 

Rijmahali, .... Chdme. 

Gondi, Tol. 

Gayeti, Tol. 

Rutluk, Caret. 

Naikude, Tolka. 

Kolami, Tol. 

Mddi, ....... Tol 

Mddia, Tol. 

Kuri, Katre. 

Keikidi, Tolu. 

Khon^, Pdndd. 

Sivara, Wusdl. 

Gadaba, Artd. 

Yerukala, Tdlu. 

Chentsu, Chama4d. 

' Tamil, anc, .... Adal. 

Tamil, mod., .... 72?/. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Tol. 

Telugu, Tblu. 

Karpdtaka, anc, . . Caret. 

Kan^t^ka, mod., . . Tovalu, togalu. 

Tujuva, Tolu. 

Kurgi, Caret. 

Toijuva,) .... Torra. 

To^ > . . . . Divarsh. / 

Kdta, lyval. 

Baraga, Tolu. 

Ki^Tunba, . . * . Ihlu. 

Irak* Thiu. 

UaklMD^ Tkol, tkoH. 

Snh a hft Ci • * . , Hama* 



V 



.S^ti^Kh^t 



•ft 



Digitized by VriOOQ iC 



154 




CIEL— LUFTRAUM— SKY— NEBO— CCELUM. 


[chap. IV.— nouns. 


Types. 




\ 


'Bodo, 


Nokhordng. 


1 (SANSK^tlT, . . . 


Div, dkd/a. 


Dhimdl, .... 
Kocch, .... 


Sorgi. 
Sworg. 


<!, (Arabic, . . 




Satnd^falak. 


^ 


Garo, 


. Sorg. 


•5 


'Bask, . . . 




Zeru. 


^' 


Kichdri, .... 


, Nokorangsa. 




Finnic, . , 




Taiwas, 




Munipuri,. . . . 


Nidfwripak. 




Magyar, . . 




Eg^ 


*^ 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 


Caret. 


^ 


Turkish, . 




Geuk, 




Tablung Nigd, . . 


Caret. 


1 

r 


Circassian, 




Caret, 


^ 


Khiri Ndgd, . . . 


Aning. 


Georgian, 




Tsa, 


V 


Angdmi Nigd, . . 


Thi. 


Mongolian, 




Okhdarghoi^ noae^ gdadu.% 


.^ 


Ndmsdng Ndgd,. . 


Rdngtung. 


e 


Mantshu, 




Abkha. 


Si 


Nowgong N^d, 


Mabat. 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 


Langit 


^ 


Tengsa Nigd, . . 


Phumching. 




Javanese, Krama, . 


Langit, 


1 


Abor Miri, . . . 


Teong. 




Malay, .... 


Langit. 


Sibsigar Miri, . . 


Domiir. 






^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


Pichoni. 




Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 


Tim. 
Tien. 




Singpho, .... 


. Mu. 


1 


Chinese, Canton, . 


Tin. 


^ 


' Burman (writtm), 


^ogh. 


^ ■ 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


Tien-Js'ung, fin-kung. 


Burman {spoken), . . 


. Mo. 


»!; 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


Tin. 


"? 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Hanmhi. 




Japanese. . . . 


Sora. 


h- 


Kdmi, 


. Khau, khu. 


L. -" ' 






S 


Kiimi, 


Kani. 


Brahuf, . 




Caret. 


1 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


. Mii. 


:g 


' Gydmi, . 




Khm. 




Sdk, 


Kounggounglak. 


g 


Gydrung, . 




Tunwn, teumeun. 




Talain v. Mon, . . 


Parwai. 


h 


Tdkpa, . 




Namdung. 


&:* 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Mu'kfpolo, muhko. 


i 


Mdnyak, . 




Mah. 


,*« 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Tserpohpatn. 


Thochii, . 




Mahto. 


5 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


Mo. 


1 


Sokpa, . . 




Thenggre. 


K - 


Shin, ..... 


Hpa. 




Horpa, . . 




Koh. 


Annamitic, . . . 


Trh'i. 


§ 


Tibetan {mrUtm), . 


Nam^khdh. 


h 


Siamese, .... 


Akatja. 


6 


Tibetan (spoken), . . 


Nam. 


•2 


Ahom, 


Fa. 






^ 


Khdmti, .... 


Fa. 




Serpa, 


Nam. 




Laos, 


Fafon. 


1 


Siinwir, . 
Giirung, . 
Miirmi, . 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . . 
Newir, . . 
Limbu, 




Sardr^. 

Tundi, mun. 

Mii. 

Sarang. 

Mu. 

Sarga. 

Sarag. 

Temsdkpd. 




^Ho(Kol), . . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), . 
Santdli, .... 
Bhiiraij, .... 
Urdon, .... 
Mundala, . . . . 
Rdjmahali, . . . 
Go^idi, 


Caret. 
Sirma. 

Chaty sermdj rimi/ (clouds). 
Rimmil. 
Mirkha. 
Irma. 
Sardnge. 
. Bddur (?), abhar. 




Kirdnti, . 




Nam-cho. 


1 


Gayeti, .... 


, Abhar. 




Rodong, . . 




Ndm. 


Rutluk, .... 


Sargam. 




Rilngchenbung, . . 


Ndmchok. 


S , 


Naikude, .... 


. A'kdsh. 




Chhingtdngya, . . 


Ndmchhuru. 


ft 


Kolami, .... 


Abhdr, paiti. 


1 


Ndchhereng, . . . 


Ndmehho. 


f^ 


Midi, 


A'bdy moyule. 


Wiling, . 




Sag'ra. 


VJ 


Mddia, 


. Desub. 


Ydkha, . 




Tdng-khydng. 




Kuri, 


Agas, badrdjd. 


^ 


Chourdsya, 




Dwdm. 




Keikddi, .... 


Mdnd. 


Kulungya, 




Chhuburi, netwa neto. 




Khond, .... 


. Mudengi. 


§1- 


Thulungya, 




Dufdmu. 




Sdvara, .... 


. Agdsd. 


^ 


Bdhingya, . 




JDwdmiin. 




Gadaba, .... 


Kondd. 


•« 


Lohorong, 




Ndmtrungma, 




Yerukala, .... 


Menu. 


1 


Lambichhong 


> • 


A'tto, ndmchhiri. 




Chentsu, .... 


. Sarg. 


^ 


Bdldli, . . 




. Ndm. 




Tamil, anc, . . . 


. Vin. 




Sdng-pdng, 




Nindmbobiy nannndmchho. 




Tamil, mod, . . . 


Vdnam, 




Diimi, . . 




. Ndmtti. 




Malaydlma, anc, 


Caret. 




Khdling, . 




. Dhdm. 




Malaydlma, mod., . 


Vdnam. 




Dungmdli, 




. Ndm. 




Telugu,' .... 


. MinnUy dkd^amu. 


^. rn^^rKi' 




. Sdrdg 
Sdrdg 

. Sdrdg. 

. Sdrdg 
Caret. 

, Nomo. 

. Sdrdng. 

, Ldgdi. 
Caret. 




Karndtaka, anc, 


Mugilu, bdn, bdnu. 


1 


Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 




1 


Karndtaka, mod., . 
Tuluva, .... 

Kurgi, 

Toduva," . . . 
Toda, ; . . . 

K6ta, 

Badaga, .... 
Kurumba, . . . 
Irula, 


Elarvatte. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Pone. 
Ban. 
Vaname. 
Banu. 
Bana. 
Vanu. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


, Talidng. 




Malabar, .... 


Vdnam. 




BhiStini v. LI 


lopa, . 


Nam. 




Sinhalese,. . . . 


Aliasa. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



SERPENT— SCHLANGE— SNAKE— ZMYEYA— SERPENS. 



155 



Types, 

go 

•^ (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



J: 



"^ 



I 



h 



Z 



\ 



I 



k 









Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, .... 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Kxama, . 
Malay, .... 



Ahi^ sarpa, 
Heyyat, 

Suge, 

Karmet, 

Kigyo. 

Yilan. 

Bley. 

GwelL 

Moghary mogai, 

Mogaiy meike^ meikhe, 

Ula, 

Sawer, 

Ular, 

' Chinese, Nankin, . . Shie, 

Chinese, Pekin, . . She, 

Chinese, Canton, . . She, 

Chinese, Shanghai, . Tsdng-zo. 

Amoy, Colloquial, . . Chda. 

Japanese, .... Hebi^febi. 

Brahuf, Caret, 

Gydmi, Shre, 

Gydrung, Khabri, 

Tdkpa, Mrui, 

Mdnyak, Bru, 

ThochiS, Brigi, 

Sokpa, Thole. 

Horpa, Phri, 

Tibetan {.written), , , Sbru/. 

Tibetan {spoken), , , . Deu, 

'Serpa, Drul, 

Silnwdr, Busa, 

GiSrung, Bhuguri, 

Milrmi, Fiikuri, 

Magar, Bui. 

Thdksya, Fudhi, 

Pdkhya, Sdpa. 

Newdr, Bi, 

Limbu, Osek, 

Kirdnti, Pachdm, 

Rodong, Pilichho. 

Riingchenbung, . . . PuchMm, 

Chhingtdngya, . . . Piichhd, 

Ndchhereng, .... Pu-ii, 

Wdling, Puchhdpy puchham, 

Ydkha, Puchdk, 

Chourdsya, .... Bisa, 

Kulungya, .... Pu, 

Thulungya, .... Phu chyii. 

Bdhingya, Busd. 

Lohorong, .... Puse^pusema, 

LambicWhiong, . . . Pu, 

Bdlili, Pu, 

Sdng-pdngy .... Pd. 

Ddmi, Bhei, 

KMling, Bhet. 

Dungmdli, . . . , P^hhdp, 

D^hi, Sdmp, 

Denwkr, Sdmp, 

Pahri, Bu 

Chep^b{^ ZdL 

Huamtv P^agu, 

V^nV* S0bu, 

KnnNi^ Siinf. 

tymnm,. Itm. 



I 






i 



■§ 

I 



.ft 

I 






fBodo, . 




. . fibo. 


Dhimdl, 




. , Punhd, 


Kocch, 




. . Sdmp (gohoma=^ cobra) 


Garo, . 




, . mpn. 


[Kdchdri, 




, , Jibu. 


f Munipuri, . . 


, , Lii, 


MfthdnNdgd, . 


. . Pu. 


Tablung Nigd, . 


. . Pu, 


KhiriNdgi,. . 


, , Ahu, 


Angdmi N^i, . 


. . Thinhye. 


Nimsdng Ndg^ . 


, . Pu, 


Nowgong Ndg4 


. . Piirr. 


Tengsa Nigd, . 


. . Phaiii. 


Abor Miri, . . 


. . Caret. 


Sibsigar Miri, . 


, . Tdbbe, 


Deoria Chutia, . 


. . Dubu, 


Singpho, . . . 


, . Lapu, 


' Burman {written). 


. . Mrwe. 


Burman (spoken), , 


. . Myue^ mywa. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. . Phoi. 


Kimi, .... 


. , Makhui, 


Kdmi, .... 


. , Puwi, 


Mni v. Toung, . 


, , Taroa {tadoa ?), 


[Sdk, .... 


, . Kapii. 


r Talain v. Mon, . 


, . Tharun {tadun ?), 


Sgau-karen, . . 


, . Ghu, gu, mgu. 


Pwo-karen, . . 


, , Ghu, 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. . ITm, 


Shdn, .... 


, . Ngu, 


Annamitic, . . 


, , Pan, 


Siamese, . . . 


, , Ngu, ngu. 


Ahom, .... 


. . Ngo, 


Kh^mti, . . . 


, . Ngti. 


Laos, .... 


, , Ngu. 


'Ho(Kol), . . 


, . Blng, 


Kol (Singhbhum), 


. . Bing 


Santdli, . . . 


. , Bing, 


BhiSraij, . 




. . Bing 


Urdon, 




. . Nir. 


Mundala, . 




. Bing. 


Rijmahali, 




. Ner. 


Gon^i, . . 




, Ta4ds (taras ?), 


Gayeti, 




. Tadas, 


Ruduk, . 




, Tadas, 


Naikude, . 




. Caret. 


Kolami, . 




. Pam. 


Mddi, . . 




Tadas, tadasi. 


Mddia, . 




Caret. 


Kuri, . . 




. Bing, 


Keikddi, . 




, Pamu, 


Khond, . 




. Lordse, 


Sdvara, 




. Ja. 


Gadaba, . 




, Budubu. 


Yerukala, . 




, Tuna, 


Chentsu, . 




. Sdp, 


Tamil, anc., . . . 


. Kadsevi. 


Tamil, mod., . . . 


, Pdmbu. 


Malaydlma, anc., 


Caret. 


Malaydlma, mod., . 


, Pdmba, 


Telugu, . . . . 


, Pdmu. 


Karnd^aka, anc, 


. Pdvu. 


Kar^dtaka, mod., . 


. Hdvu. 


Tujuva, . . . . 


. Parapunu. 


Kurgi, 


. Pambu. 


Toijuva,) . . . 
Toija, ; , , . 


. Fob. 


. Fdb. 


K<Sta, 


. Fdbe. 


Badaga, . . . . 


. Hikm^ pdmbu. 


Kortuiiba, . . « 


. Batm. 


ySbo$x, \ \ \ \ 


. Pdmht. 
. Fdmbu. 


VbAaOm^. 


« • « 


• •SwjAflgw. 




Oigitized by 



GooqIc 






156 



ETOILE— STERN— STAR— ZVYEZDA— STELLA. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



Types. 




Bodo, 


Hdthotkhi, 


1 (Sanskrit, . 
I, tARABic, . . 








Tdrd, 

Nijm^ kaukab. 


Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 




Ph^ro, 

Tdrd, 

Laitan, 


^ 


Bask, . . . 








Izar, 


^ 


Kdchdri, 




Haturki (pL). 




Finnic, . . 








TahH. 




Munipuri, 




ThomucJia, 




Magyar, . . 








Czillagzai. 


I 


Mfthin Ndgd, . . 


, Lethi, 


^ 


Turkish, . . 








Yildiz, 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


Chdhd, 


1 


Circassian, . 








Ushago^ dshogha. 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


, PeH, 


|- 


Georgian, . 








Warskulavi. 


'5^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Themii, 


Mongolian, . 








Odonyfottagi.X 


1 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


. Merik, 


c 


Mantshu, . 








Usikha. 


1 


Nowgong Ndg^ 


. Pitinu, 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 




Lintang, 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


Lutingting, 




Javanese, Krama, . 




Lintang, 


^ 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. Tdkdr, 




Malay, . . . . 




Bintang. 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


. Tdkdr. 




' Chinese, Nankin, . 




Sing, 


t^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 
Singpho, .... 


, Sigan, 




Chinese, Pekin, 




Hsiftg. 




> 


Chinese, Canton, . 




Sing. 


•§ 


' Burman {vmtten). 


. Kre, 


^ 


Chinese, Shanghaij 




Sing 


Burman {spoken), , , 


• Kye, kyay. 


»5 


Amoy, Colloquial, , 




CHin. 


C^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


. Aashe, 




Japanese, . . 




Hoshi, 


*■ 


Kdmi, 


. A^hi, 












« 


Kilmi, 


. Kasi, 


Brahuf, 










Istdr, 


1 


Mni v. Toung, . . 


. Kirek, 


;g 


' Gydmi, 










Singksyii. 


1: 


.Sdk, 


ThageingXhi, 


K 


Gy^ng, 










Tsini, 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


. Noung, 


* 


Tdkpa, 










Karma. 


1 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


, Tsah, htsah. 




Mdnyak, 










Krah. 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. Tsah. 


1 • 


Thochil, 










Ghada, 




Toungh-thu, . . . 


. ITsa, 


1 


Sokpa,. 










Caret, 




Shdn, 


. Loung, 


^ 


Horpa, 










Sgre, 


Annamitic, . . . 


. Tinh, 


i 


Tibetan {written). 






^arma. 


Siamese, .... 


. Touk, ddu. 


S 


Tibetan (spoken). 






Karnia, 


1 


Ahom, 


. Dau, 










^ 


Khimti, .... 


. Nail, 




Serpa, . . . 






Karma. 




Laos, 


Ldu, 


.^ 


Siinwdr, 










Soru, 




^ .■-•MW*^, ..... 




> 

r 


Giirung, 
Miirmi, 










Pird^ tdrgya, 
Karchin, 




' Ho (Kol), . . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), . 


. rpii. 

. Epil, 


Magar, 
Thdksya, 










Bhuga, 
Sar. 




Santdli, 
Bhiimij, 




. /pi/, hhitrakd, 
. Ipii, 


1 


Pdkhya, 
Newir, 










Tdrd. 
Nagu, 
Kheseva, 




Urion, 
Mundala, 




Binkd, 
. IpU. 


^^ 


Limbu. 












Rijmahali 




Bindeke, 


^ ' 














Gondi, . 




Sukuy sukum. 




Kirdnti, 










Sdngyen, 


. 


Gayeti, 




Sukum, 




Rodong, 










Pitipya^ pitappa. 


^ 


Rutluk, 




Sukum, 




Riingchenbung, 






Sdng-gen, 




Naikude, 




. Sukha, 




Chhingtingya, 






Chok chongi. 


1 


Kolami, 




. Chukka, 


^ 


Ndchhereng, . 






Sangger' wa. 


a 


Mddi, . 




. Uko, huku. 


1 


Wiling, . 








Sanggen-ma, 


NJ 


Mddia, 




Hukam. 


^ 


Ydkha, . 








Chokchigi. 




Kuri, . 




, Epaly idin. 


^ 


Chourdsya, 








Soru. 




Keikddi, 




Chukka. 


S 


Kulungya, 








Sungger. 




Khond, 




. Sukd/d. 


f 


Thulungya, 








Swar. 




Sdvara, 




Tute, 


1 


Bdhingya, . 








. Sorti. 




Gadaba, 




Tsukka, 




Lohorong, 








Sdnge, sdnggemmd. 




Yerukala, 




Tsukka, 


Lambichhong 


> 






Chokchonggi. 




Chentsu, 




Bhucfakd. 


i^ 


BdldU, . . 








Siingemmd. 




' Tamil, anc 




Vinmin, 




Sing-pdng, 








Sanggeun, 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


Vdnmin, tdragei. 
Caret. 




Diimi, . . 








Songger, 




Malaydlma, anc, . 




Khdling, . 








Songgar, 




Malaydlma, mod., . 


Mn. 




Dungmili, 








Sanggenmd, 




Telugu,' .... 


Chukka. 


1 


Ddrhi, . . 








Tirya, tirya. 




Karadtaka, anc, 


Minu, 


Denwir, . 








. Tdrdi, 


1 


Karndtaka, mod., . 


Chukki. 


^ 

■^ 

b) 


Pahri, . . 








. Nunggi, nunggni. 


Tuluva, .... 


Ddrdya, 


Chepdng, . 








Kar. 


1 


Ku'rgi, 


Caret, 


1- 


Bhr^u, . 








Card, 


Toduva," . . . 
Toda, ) . . . 


Pone-min, 


{^ 


Vdyu, . . 








, Khwdmen. 


d 


Min. 


J 


Kuswar, . 








. Tdrdi. . 




K6ta, 


Mine. 


g 


Kusunda, . 








• ^^^<^i' 




Badaga, .... 


Minu, 


oc) 


Thiru. . . 








. Caret, 




Kurumba, . . . 


Minu, 


V ' 










Iruja, 


Vdnu minu. 


Lq)cha (Sikkim), 




. Suhor, 




Malabar, 


Ndtehefheram, velli. 




Bhutini v. 


LI 


lop 


a, 




. Kdm, 




^ Sinhalese, 




Taruwa, tdrukdwa. 



Digitized by 



Gooole 



CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



PIERRE— STEIN-STONE— KAMEN— LAPIS. 



157 



Types. 


■^^ fBodo, 


. Onthai, 


^ 


1. 


Dhimdl. 




, l/'nthdr. 


•g (Sanskrit, .... Ai man, prastara, pdshdrpa. 


Kocch, 




, Pdthar, 


<| \Arabic, . . 






. H^yr. 


t^ 


Garo, . 




. Long, 


•s 


Bask, . . . 
Finnic, . . 






. Arri^ lapitz, 
. KiwL 


^ 


Kdchdri, 
' Munipuri, 




. Untai, 
Nang. 




Magyar, . . 






. Kd, 


f 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 


Long, 


i" 


Turkish, . . 






. Task, 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


Yong, 


1 


Circassian, . 






Mdshey, 


KhdriNdgd, . . . 


Along, 


r 


Georgian, . 






Kwa, 


^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Kache, 


Mongolian, . 






Tsiloghon, chiiaghan. 


.| 


Ndmsdng Ndgi, . . 


Long 


c 


Mantshu, . 






Wekhe, 


Si 


Nowgong N^4, 


Lungziik, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Wdtu, 


"^ 


Tengsa Nig^ . . 


Lungmanggo, 




Javanese, Krama, 




Sda, 


i 


Abor Miri, . . . 


liing. 




Malay, . . . 




Bdtu. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


flung. 


bi\ 


' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Shih. 
Shih, 


(^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . . 
Singpho, .... 


Yatiri, 
Nlung, 


i 


Chinese, Canton, 




Shik. 


1 


' Burman {written), . . 


Kyok, 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Sah-deu, 


Burman [spoken\ . . 


Kyauk, 


►^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Chioh. 


oci 


Khyeng v. Shou, . . 


Lun, 




Tapanese, . . 




Ishu 


h- 


Kdmi, 


Kalun, 


' 








« 


KiSmi, 


Lunslhoung, 


Brahuf, . . 






KhalL 


■l 


Mni V. Toung, . . . 


Tawhd, 


:^ 


' Gydmi, . . 






Huthou, 


^ 


.Sdk, 


Talon. 


g 


Gydrung, . . 






' R^. 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


Kamau, 


h 


Tdkpa, . . . 






Gorr, 


^ 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Ler, hluu 




Minyak, . . 






WobL 


1 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Ldng. 


i 


Thochii, . . 






Ghoiopi. 




Toungh-thu, . . . 


Lung, 


1 


Sokpa, . . . 






Chhilo, 


1^ - 


Shin, 


Mahein, 


Horpa, . . . 






^dme. 




Annamitic, . . . 


Dd, 


i 


Tibetan (ivritun), 






Rdo, 


Siamese, .... 


Hiy hin. 


6 


Tibetan (spokai). 






Do, 


5 

;2 


Ahom, 


Frd, 










to 


Khdnoti, .... 


Hin. 




Serpa, .... 






Doh, 




Laos, 


Hin. 


^ 


Sdnwdr, . . . 
Giirung, . . 
Miirmi, 






Phunglu, 

Yuma, 

Yumbd, 




'Ho(Kol), . . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), . 


Dirri, 
DirH. 


> 
< 


Magar, . . . 
Thiksya, . . 
Pdkhya, . . . 
Newir, . . 
Limbu, . . 






Lhting, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Lohong, 

Lung, 




Santdli, 

Bhilmij, 

Ui4on, 

Mundala, 

Rdjmahali 

Gondi, . 




Khdp, dhiri. 

Dirri. 

Pakhna. 

Dirt. 

Chaihe. 

Tongi, kal. 




^Kirdnti, . . . 






Lungtd, 


•S 


Gayeti, 




Kal, 




Rodong, . . . 






Lungto, 


1 


Rutluk, 




Kal, pat a. 




RiSngchenbung, . 






Llingta. 


s 


Naikude, 




Gund. 




Chhingtingya, . 






Mnggwakwa, 


Kolarai, 




. Dop, 


'j 


Ndchhereng, . . 






Lun, 


c 


Midi, . 




Kal, 


1 


Wdling, . . . 






Lungtak, 




MMa,. 




. Kal, 


^ 


Ydkha, . . 






Lungkhokwa, 




Kuri, . 




Degd, 


1 


Chourdsya, . 






Lung, 




Keikddi, 




Kal, 


5S 


Kulungya, 






Lung, 




Khond, 




Vid4i. 


I"' 


Thulungya, . 






Lung, 




Sdvara, 




Arregna. 


Cj 


Bdhingya, . . 






Liing, 




Gadaba, . 




Birel, 


■-s 


Lohorong, . 






Lungkong'wa, iingkawa. 




Yerukala, 




Kellu, 


i( 


Lambichhong, 






Lung, lungOy lungpkwa. 




Chentsu, . 




Paththar, 


1 


TWMli, . . . 






Ltiko'wa, 




Tamij, anc, . . . 


Kan. 




Sdng-pdng, . 






L^fig. 




Tamij, mod 


Kal. 




Dtlmi, . . . 






L&ng. 




Malaydlma, anc, 


Caret. 




KMling, . . 






. L&ng. 




Malaydima, mod., . 


Kalla. 




Dungmdli, . 






. Mngtd, 




Telugu,* .... 


Rdyi, kallu. 


1 


Ddrhi, . . . 






Pdthdr, 




Kai^idtaka, anc, 


Card. 


Denwdr, . . 






Donkho, 


J 


Karpdtaka, mod., . . 


KaUu. 


1 


Pahri, . . . 
Chepkng, . . 
Bhrtfmu, . . 






ZJtofi^py Ihonggno, 

. AOdr. 
. Caret. 


s 


Tu}uva, 

Kurgi, 

Toijuva,) . . . , 
TcKja, 1 , . . . 

K<$ta» 

5?*«a, 


Kalla. 

Card. 

Kail. 

Kail. 

Kallu. 

KaHu. 


^ 


Tisira^* • • * • 


. Omt, 




Kimmiba, . . . , 


KaHu. 
Kallu. 




ttfSS 


If • 


» I 


is 






♦ • • « 


Kallu. 
Guh, 




:'>;:i-ja>i.-,.-.tehi<- 



ilii 



Jigjtized by 



Google 




158 



SOLEIL— SONNE— SUN— SOLNTSE-SOL, 



[chap. IV. — ^NOUNS. 



Types, 

(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



I 



Surya. 
Shams, 



^ 

-^ 
«: 






h 



t 



I 



c^ 



I 



' Bask, Eguzki, eki, 

Finnic, Faih'a (paiwa). 

Magyar, Nap, 

Turkish, Gunesh. 

Circassian, .... Teygha^ gede,^ susi* 

Georgian, .... Mze, sMa//a.f 

Mongolian,. . . . Neran^naran^kouXdclliziu^% 

Mantshu, .... Shun, \tziugga.^ 

Javanese, Ngoko, . . Srengenge. 

Javanese, Krama, . . Srengenge. 

Malay, Mdta-ari. 

' Chinese, Nankin, . . Jlh, 

Chinese, Pekin, . . Jih. 

Chinese, Canton, . . Yat, 

Chinese, Shanghai, . Nieh-deu, 

Amoy, Colloquial, . . ///. 

Japanese, . *. . . Hi. 

Brahuf, Dey, 

Gyimi, Rethou. 

Gydrung, Kitii. 

Tdkpa, Pldng 

Mdnyak, Nyima, 

Thochil, Mun. 

Sokpa, Ndra, 

Horpa, Gna, 

Tibetan {written), , . Nyimd, 

Tibetan {spoken), . , . Nyimd, 

Serpa, Nimo. 

Silnwdr, Nd, 

G lining, Dhini. 

MiSrmi, Dini, 

Magar, Ndmkhdn. 

Thdksya, Ghangni^ saughini. 

Pdkhya, Ghdma, 

Newdr, Sujd, 

Limbu, Nam, 

' Kinlnti, Nam, 

Rodong, Ndmliya^ ndm, 

Riingchenbung, . . . Ndm, 

Chhingtdngya, . . . Ndfn, 

Ndchhereng, .... Ndm, 

Wdling, Namch/unca, 

Ydkha, Ndm, 

Chourdsya, .... Ihvdm, 

Kulungya, .... Ndm, 

Thulungya, .... Nepsung^ nem, 

Bdhingya, Ndm. 

Lohorong, .... Ndm, 

Lambichhong, . . . Ndm. 

Bdldli, Ndm, 

Sing-pdng, .... Lonpd, 

Diimi, Ndm. 

Khdling, Ndm, 

Dungmdli, .... Ndmchhougufd, 

Ddrhi, Gdmd, 

Denwdr, Gdmd. 

Pahri, Suje, 

Chepdng, Nydm, 

Bhrdmu, Uni, 

Vdyu, Nomo^ numa, 

Kuswar, SiiraJ, 

Kusunda, Ing, 

Thdru, Raiida. 

Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Sachak. 

Bhutdni V. Lhopa, . . Nyim, 



I 



I 



I 



h 



s^ 



^ 



^ 



I 



Bodo, Shan, 

Dhimil, BM, 

Kocch, Beld, 

Garo, . . .• . . . Sdn^ rasdn. 

Kichiri, Sang-dong, 

' Munipuri, .... Numit, 

Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Ranghdn, 

TablungNdgd, . . . Wanghi, 

Khdri Ndgd, .... Suhih, 

Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Nakhi, 

Ndmsing Ndgd, . . . Sdn, 

Nowgong Ndgd, . . A'nnii, 

Tengsa Ndgd, . . . TinglU, 

Abor Miri, . . . . Dunie, 

Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Doanye. 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Sdnh, 

Singpho, Jdn, 

" Burman {written), , . Ne, 

Burman {spoken), , . , Ne, nd. 

Khyeng v. Shoii, . . Konhi, 

Kdmi, Kani, 

Kiirai, Kani. 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Tanin, 

Sdk, Sami, 

' Talain v. Mon, . . . Tangway, 

Sgau-karen, .... Mu, muh, 

Pwo-karen, .... Mumai, 

Toungh-thu, .... Mu, 

Shdn, Kawon, 

Annamitic, .... Mdt-trb'i, 

Siamese, Kawon, tawan, 

Ahora, Bdn, 

Khdmti, Wan, 

Laos, Kangwan, 

Ho (Kol), .... Singi, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Singi, 

Santdli, Beda, chdndo, singmarsaL 

Bhiimij, Singi, 

Urdon, Dharmi, 

Mundala, Singi, 

Rdjraahali, .... Bed, 

Gondi, Suraj, suryal, din, 

Gayeti, Surydl, din, 

Rutluk, Surajd. 

Naikude, SurydtaJi. 

Kolami, Podh, 

Mddi, Porde, hodudu, yadde. 

Mddia, Pod. 

Kuri, Gomoi, 

Keikddi, Surya, 

Khond, Beid. 

Sdvara, Vuyu, 

Gadaba, Singi. 

Yerukala, Proddu, beruli. 

Chentsu, Beld, 

Tamil, anc, .... Caret, 

Tamil, mod., .... Pagalon, suriyan, 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Surya. 

Telugu, Poddu^ suryudu. 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Pallili, 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Hottu, 

Tuluva, Polutu, 

Kurgi, Bedu, 

Toduva,) .... Caret, 

Toda, \ , . . , Birsh, 

K<5ta, Potte, 

Badaga, Hottu, 

Kurumba, .... Hottu, 

Irula, Podu, 

Malabar, Veyil, poluthu, 

Sinhalese, .... Surya. 



Digitized by 



Google 



i 



CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



SOIF-DURST-THIRST-JAJDA-SITIS. 



159 



Types. 



\ (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 



2<) 

ll 



Bask, 

Finnic, . . . . 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, .... 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
[ Malay, .... 



I 



I 
I 

I 






8Q 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Maids, 



Pipdsd. 
Aa(ash. 

Egarriy edc^e^ egartzu. 
Jam, 

Szomjusag, 

Caret 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Umdagaskolang, 

Kanghara. 

Kasdtan. 

Ngeldt. 

Dhdga. 

JCau-k'oh. 

JCau-ho. 

Keng'hot. 

KeU'trkiun. 

Ch'uita (mouth dry). 

Nodo kawaku. 



Si 

h 



I 
5 



5 
I 

I- 



Gydmi, . . . 

Gyirung, . . . 

Tdkpa, . . . 

Mdnyak, . . . 

Thochil, . . . 

Sokpa,. . . . 

Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan {spoken), . 

Serpa, . . . . 

Siinwdr, . . . 

Gdrung, . . . 

Miirmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thlksya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



' Kirdnti, . . . 

Rodong, . . . 
RiSngchenbung, , 

Chhingtingya, . 

Ndchhereng, . . 

Wdling, . . . 

Ydkha, . . . 

Chourdsya, . , 

Kulungya, . . 

Thulungya, . . 

B^hingya, . . . 

Lohorong, . . 

Lambichhong, . 

Bdlili, . . . . 

Sdng-pdng, . . 

Ddmi, • . . . 

Khdling, . , . 

Dungmili, . . 

' D^hi, . . . . 

Denwir, . . . 

Pahii, . . . . 
Che 



VH^ 



Khdngti. 

Taskom'. 

Caret. 

Depsyd. 

Tirpitch. 

IPleso. 

Nasyd. 

Skom. 

Khdkum. 

Khdkum. 

Pdng-dati. 

Kwiphi. 

KwiphuL 

Disona. 

KejtiphijL 

Fdmitis. 

Fids. 

Wdmikma. 

Waitmd. 

Wdimd. 

Wditmdj wdmittnd. 

Wdikmd. 

Wdmimd. 

Wdikmd. 

IVditmdng. 
Dakklio, 

Wammd. 

Kodd. 

-Bwakudwaktu^ 

Waifma. 

Waif ma. 

Walme. 

WdnCma. 
Kumdna, 
Kunu/^ kunun\ 
Chdomif ma. 

Pias, 

Tirkha. 

Pydhd. 

Caret. 

Awdphang. 

Tiiaksa. 

firkha. 









I 



I 



I 



I 






Bodo, Gdngdung. 

Dhimdl, Chidmli. 

Kocch, Pids. 

Garo, Chika Idng noitwa. 

Kdchdri, Caret. 



4 



Munipuri, . . . 
Mfthdn Ndgi, . 
Tablung Ndgi, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgi, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

Burman {written), 
Burman {spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, .... 
KiSmi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 



Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Khamldn. 

Tukulay seratitr. 

Chebale, chuale. 

Tilling. 

TUliing. 

Caret. 

Phdng-gerd. 

Rengat. 

Yengdt, yaHnatkhyer. 

T^wilanadui. 

Tui-makhdng. 

Tuanhei. 

Caret. 

Caret. 



Talain v. Mon, . . . HtantikK 
Sgau-karen, .... Caret. 
Pwo-karen, .... Caret. 

Toungh-thu, .... H'taenhti. 

Shin, Ratnan. 

Annamitic, .... Khat. 

Siamese, Ratnan. 

Ahom, Caret. 

Khdmti, Caret. 

Laos, Caret. 

' Ho (Kol), .... Tetangted. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Totdngtanna. 

Santili, Tetdngte (wtxb), totdngtanna, 

Bhiimij, Totdngtanna. 

Urdon, Amun kala, 

Mundala, Titang. 

Rijmahali, .... Amkirva. 

Gondi, Yetaksdtur, wutki wusta. 

Gayeti, Caret. 

Rutluk, Caret. 

Naikude, ..... Caret. 

Kolami, Caret. 

Mddi, Caret 

Mddia, Caret. 

Kuri, Caret, 

Keikddi, Caret, 

Khoijd, Yesengepekmanenju, 

Sdvara, Araga. 

Gadaba, Yide. 

Yerukala, T>agga, dappikonu, 

Chentsu, Pyaslagi, pyas, 

Tamil, anc, .... Caret. 

Tamil, mod., .... Nirvetkei, 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydlma, mod., . . Tannirddham, 

Telugu, Dappi. 

Kar^dfaka, anc., . . Caret. 

Kan^djaka, mod., . . Mratfike. 

Tu]uva, Bajil. 

Ktirgi, Caret. 

Toijuva, ) . . . . NikhosH. 

To<Ja, / . . . , NirchdsH. 

Kdta, ...... Arthqje. 

Baraga, Arupu. 

EnfUBkbay • . • • Arupu. 

Irnh, Vtke. 

MaMnTi Tkaham. 

Siafatoi^. . . . • Bpdsm. 




.-■ - - :■ ■ ■ wV Digitized by. VjOOQLC 



i6o 



TIGRE— TIGER— TIGER— TIGR— TIGRIS. 



[chap. IV.— nouns. 



Types. 




% fBodo, 


. Mochd, 


•^ (Sanskrit, . 
"I Iarabi^, . 




Vydghra. 
Nimr, 




Dhimdl, . 
Kocch, . 
Garo, . . 


. 


, Khund, 
. Bdg 
, Matsd. 


^ 


Bask, . 






Katanwtz. 


"k 


Kichiri, 


. . 


, Moosd, misa. 




Finnic, 






Caret, - 




' Munipuri, . . . 


, Kei, 




Magyar, . 






Caret. 


\ 


MfthdnNdgd, . 


Chianu. 


^ 


Turkish, . 






Caret, 


Tablung Ndgd, . 


Sahnu, 


3 


Circassian, 




Caret, 


Khdri Ndgd, . . 


, Akhu. 


}■ 


Georgian, 




Caret, 


V 


Angimi Ndg^ . 


, Takhu, • 


Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 




Irbiss, 
Taskha, 


i 


Ndmsdng Ndg^ . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 


. Sd. 

Kayi, 




Javanese, Ngoko, . , 


Machan. 


■t 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


. Khu, 




Javanese, Kjrama, . . 


Sima, 


R 


Abor Miri, . . 


. , Simiu, 




Malay, .... 


Arimau, 


5 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 


. , Sumyo, 


^ 


' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 


LdoU'hu, 
LdoU'hu, 


"^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 


, Mesd, 
, . Strong, 


••§ 1 


Chinese, Canton, . 


Lo-fu, 


1 


' Burman {written). 


, Kyd. 


•1 ' Chinese, Shanghai, 


LaU'hu, 


1 


Burman {spoken), , 


. Kyd. 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


Ho, 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


, Kyi. 




Japanese, • . . 


Tora, 


h- 


Kdmi, .... 


. , Takdi. 








TH. 


Kiimi, .... 


. . Takdi, 


Brahuf, 






. Caret. 


1 


Mni V. Toung, . 


, Tapri, 


^ 


' Gydmi, 






Khu, 


1: 


.Sik, . . . . 


, Kathd' 




Gyirung, 






Kong, 




' Talain v. Mon, . 


, Kala, 


h 


Tdkpa, 






Tee, 


1 


Sgau-karen, . . 


, Bautho, ka, hkhe. 


i 


Mdnyak, 






Lephe, 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. Khay, 


Thochii, 






. Khoh, 


g 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. Ka, 


1 


Sokpa, . 






Pdr, 


K ■ 


Shdn, .... 


, Htso, 


Horpa, 






Stdk, 


Annaraitic, . . 


, Hum-beo, 


i 


Tibetan {wHtten\ . 


Stag, 


Siamese, . . . 


. , Tso, siia. 


a 


Tibetan {spoken), . . 


Tak, 


5 

•2 


Ahom, . . . . 


. . Sti, 






^ 


Khdmti, . . . 


. . Sii, 




'Serpa, 


Jik, 




Laos, .... 


. . Seu. 


^ 


Silnwdr, . 

Gilrang, 

Miirmi 






Giipsa, 
. Chen, 
. Chyan, 

RdngM, 

Nd, 

Bdgha, 

Dhun, 
. Kehva, 




'Ho(Kol), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 


. , Ku/d, 

, , Gartdmhtt/a. 


1 


XtI.U.1 1111, 

Magar, . 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 








Santdli, 

BhiSmij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali 

Gondi, 




. . Ku/a, bdgdhiy hddgar, 

, , Kula. 

, , Lakhra, 

. . Kuiah, 

, , Sad, 

, , PuUi, 




Kirdnti, 






. Kiwd, 


1 


Gayeti, 




, . Burkdl, 




Rodong, 






Chdbhd, 


Rutluk, 




, Puiial, bagheli. 




Riingchenbung, . . 


Kiwa, 


"a " 


Naikude, 




. . Put, 




Chhingtdngya, . . 


Kibha, 


1 


Kolami, 




. , Put, 


«? 


Ndchhereng, . . . 


. Dhm^ trd. 


U 


Mddi, . 




. . Burkaly dual. 


1 


Wdling, . 




Dhina rd^ dhinra. 




Mddia, 




. . Burkai, 


Ydkha, . 




. Kiba, 




Kuri, . 




, , Kula, 


1 


Chourdsya, 




. Gupso, 




Ij:eikidi, 




, , Pull, 


Kulungya, 




, Ndri, 




Khond, 




. . Kro'di, 


■§. ■ 


Thulungya, 




Giipsyu, 




Sdvara, 




. . Kina, 


^ 


Bdhingya, . 




Gupsd, 




Gadaba, 




,. Yekkili, 


■| 


Lohorong, 




. Kiba, 




Yerukala, 




. . Ndlugddi, 


.5 


Lambichhong 


> 


, Kiba, 




Chentsu, 




. . Bdg, 


s^ 


BiUli, . . 




Keuba^ 


r Tamil, anc. . . 


. , Pul. 




Sdng-pdng, 




. mpa. 




Tamil, mod., . . 


. , Pull, 




Ddmi, . . 




Nyor, 




Malaydlma, anc, 


, , Caret, 




Khdling, . 




Nyor. 




Malaydlma, mod., 


. . Pult\ katuvd. 




Dungmdli, 




Kibhd, 




Telugu,* . . . 


. Puli, 




' Ddrhi, . , 




Bdg, 
. Bdg, 
, Dhun, 




Karndtaka, anc, 


. . Puli, 


1 


Denwdr, 
Pahri, . 






^ 


Karnitaka, mod., 
Tuluva, . . . 


, Hull, 
, Pili, 


1- 


Chepdng, 
Bhrdmu, 
Vdyu, . 






. Jdkela^ja, 
. Bumdng, 
. Bllo, bUu, 




Kurgi, . . . . 
To(Juva,> . . 
Tocja, I . . 


, Nari. 
. Pirri, 
. Bursh, 




Kuswar, 
Kusunda, 






Bdghi, 
Ddjd kduii. 




K6ta, .... 
Badaga, . . . 


, Pujje, 
, Hull, 


«^ 


Thdru,. 






Bdgha, 




Ku|iimba, . . 
Irula, .... 


, Hull, 
, Pulli, 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


Sathong, 




Malabar, . . . . 


, Puli^ vengei. 




BhUtdni V. 


U 


lopa, . 


, Tdh, 




Sinhalese, 


. . . 


. Kotiyd, 



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CHAP. IV. — NOUNS.] 



DENT— ZAHN— TOOTH— ZAB— DENS. 



I6l 



Types. 




^. 


Bodo, 


. Hathai. 


^ rr. 




^ 


Dhimdl, 




. Sitong. 


^ (Sanskrit, . . 
^ (Arabic, . . . 


. . Dat, danta. 


0:^ . 


Kocch, 




. Ddnt. 


. . Sinn, 


^ 


Garo, . 


. . . . 


. Phd-tong. 


»s 


' Bask, .... 


. . Ortz, 


^• 


^ Kichiri, 


. . . . 


. Hatai (pi.). 




Finnic, . . . 


. . Hammas, 




' Munipuri, . . . 


. Yd 




Magyar, . . . 


. . All. 


*^' 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 


. Vd 


^ 


Turkish, . . . 


. . Dish. 


1° 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


. Phd. 




Circassian, . . 


. . Tsey. 


'^ 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


. Taphd. 


r 


Georgian, . . 


. . Kbili. 


V 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


. Uhu. 


Mongolian, . . 


. . Ssidon, shidon. 


1 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


Pd 


c 


Mantshu, . . 


. . IVeihe, weikhe. 


1 


Nowgong N^d, 


Tabu. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 


. . C/nlu. 


ti; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


Taphu. 




Javanese, Krama, 


. Untu. 


^ 


Abor Miri, . . . 


I'pdng 




Malay, . . . 


. . Gigi. 


"§ 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Aie. 




r Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 


. Yd. 
. Yd. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 
Singpho, .... 


. Hdti. 
Wd. 


^ 


Chinese, Canton, 


• ^^• 


§ 


' Burman (written). 


. ^wd. 


1' 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


. Ngd4s^. 


c 


Burman {spokm\ . . 


. Thwd, thwdu. 


•5 


Amoy, Colloquial, 


. Cfi^ikL 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Kahau. 




Japanese. . . 


. Ha. 


h- 


Kdmi, 


Afhd. 


» .^ - / 




5 


KiSmi, 


, Ho. 


Brahuf, . . . 


. . Danddn. 


1 


Mrii v. Toung, . . 


Y^n. 


"^ 


^Gydmi, . . . 


. Yd. 




^Sdk, 


Athawd. 




Gydrung, . . . 


. Ttswl 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


. Nget. 




Tdkpa, . . . 


. WdA. 


.S 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


. Mai. 


Mdnyak, . . . 


. Phwih. 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. Mai. 


Thochil, . . . 


. SweM. 


§ 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


. Tagnd. 


1 


Sokpa, .... 


. Syuchi. 


1- 


Shdn, 


. Khyo. 


^ 


Horpa, . . . 


. Syo. 


tN 


Annamitic, . . . 


. Rang. 


§ 


Tibetan {writun\ 


. So. 


h 


Siamese, .... 


Thohn,fan, khian. 


a 


Tibetan {spoken\ . 


. So. 


1 


Ahom, 


. Khiu. 






io 


Khdmti, .... 


. Khiu. 




'Serpa, .... 


. Lo. 




Laos, 


. Khiau. 


•s 

r 
1 


Siinwdr, . . . , 
Gdrung, . . . 
Miirmi, . . . 
Magar, . . . 
Thdksya, . . . 
Pdkhya, . . . 
Newir, . . . 
Limbu, . . . 


. Kryu. 
. Sak. 
. Swd. 
. Syak. 
. Gyo. 
. Ddta. 
. Wd. 
. Hebo. 




' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singl 
Santdli, 
Bhdmij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 
Gondi, 


ibhum), . 


. Danta. 

. Ddiha. 

. Ddtd. 

. Ddtta. 

. Pdl. 

. Ddta. 

. Pdl. 

. Palk, palapalk {^\). 




'Kirinti, . . . 


. Kang. 


1 


Gayeti, 




. Palk (pL). 




Rodong, . . . 


. King. 


:« 


Rutluk, 




. Palak (pi). 




Riingchenbung, . 


. Kang. 


^ ■ 


Naikude, 




. Palku (pi.). 




Chhingtdngya, . 


. Keng. 


1 


Kolami, 




. Palkul (pi.). 


1 


Ndchhereng, . . 


. Kaa. 


Mddi, . 




. Pal, palku {^\). 


Wdling, . . . 


. Kang. 




Mddia, 




. Palaku (pi.). 


^ 


Ydkha, . . . 


. Ha, hachi. 




Kuri, . 




. Tiding. 


1 


Chourdsya, . . 


. Glnn'so. 




Keikddi, 




, Pal. 


5S 


Kulungya, . . 


. Kdng. 




Khond, 




. Ahdmu. 


"|i" 


Thulungya, . . 


. Zyti. 




Sdvara, 




. Ajdgna. 


J 


Biihingya, . . . 


. KhM. 




Gadaba, 




Ginnd. 


'"§ 


Lohorong, . . 


. Keng. 




Yerukala, 




Pallam, pelivelu. 


5 


Lambichhong, . 


. Keng. 




Chentsu, 




Ddt. 


i< 


Bdldli, .... 


. . Keng. 




' Tamil, anc. 




. Eyiru. 




Sdng-pdng, . . 


. . Kdn. 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


• Pal,palga/{^\.). 




Diimi, .... 


Guilo, anglo. 




Malaydjma, anc, 


Caret. 




Khdling, . . . 


. Gndlu. 




Malaydlma, mod., . 


Palla. 




^ Dungmdli, . . 


. Kang. 




Telugu,' .... 


Pallu. 




r Ddrhi, .... 


. Ddnt. 




Karndtaka, anc. 


Pallu. 


1 


Denwdr, . . . 


. Ddnt. 


1 


Kamdtaka, mod., . . 


Hallu. 


7 

Pahri, .... 


. Wd. 


^ 


Tuluva, 


Kuli. 


V 


Chepdng, . . . 


. Srek. 


5 ■ 


Kurgi, 


Pall. 


1- 


Bhrdmu, . . . 


St/a, swd. 


^ 


Toduva,) . . . 
Toda, 1 . . . 


Caret. 


1 


Vdyu, .... 


. M. 


c| 


Pdrsh. 


1 


Kuswar, . . . 


Dani. 




K6ta, 


Palle. 


Kusimda, . . . . 


. Toho. 




Badaga, .... 


Hallu. 


■^ 


Thdru 


. Ddta. 




Kurumba, . . . . 


Hallu. 


^ ' 






Iruja, 


Pallu. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 


. Apho. 




Malabar, 


Pallu. 




Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, . 


. Soh. 




Sinhalese, . 


. 


DaiJia. 



Digitized by 



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l62 



ARBRE—BAUM— TREE— DEREVO— ARBOR. 



[chap. IV. — NOUNS. 



> 



Types, 



^ (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 



! 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kiama, 
Malay, . . . 



a 



I 
I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 



h 



2 



I 



* 



' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
T^pa, 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochil, . 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 
Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
Sdnwdr, . 
Gilrung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 



' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 
Rilngchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Nichhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bihingya, 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

D^hi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrimu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thiru, . 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
BhiStini v. Lhopa, 



Vriksha, taru^ druma, 
Shajar, 

Arbola^ arecha^ zuhaitz. 

Puu. 

Fakypa* 

AghaJ. 

Frah, 

Khe. 

Modon^ modun, /«,f gilga- 



Mo, moo, 
Wit. 
WiL 
Pohun, pokok, 

Shu, muh. 
Shii, mu, 
Shu, muk, 
Zu, 
Ch'iu. 
Ki. 

Darakht, 

Shi, 

Sheng dong, 

Sdpoh, 

GwozosL 

Moio, 

Nah, 

\ajonshing. 

Shindong, shingdong, 

Dongo, 

Kawa, 

Sindu, 

Dhong, 

Sing, 

Ghyung, 

Rukha, 

Stmd, 

Sing. 

Sangtdng, 

Song'puwa, 

Sang'tdng. 

Sang, 

Sd-a, 

Sang u. 

Ing thdp, sing gait hdp. 

Sing. 

Thoudm. 

Dhak'sa, 

Sing, dhydksi, 

Sin'g tdngddk, simmak, 

Sirigitangli, 

Sin'tenda, 

Tupsdng, 

Topsha, 

Dhydksd 

Sarigpu, 

Ruk. 

Gdtch. 

Simd, 

Sing, singtak, 

Simma. 

Singphung, 

Gdtch, 

r. 

Gdchh. 

Kung, 
Shifig, 



Vo-W 



I 



I 



Bodo, Fhdng, bonphdng, 

Dhimdl, Shing, sing, 

Kocch, Gdcch,ped. 

Garo, Pan, 

Kichdri, Bonphang, 



^ 



^ 



I 



K 

* 
S 

■^ 



Munipuri, . . . 


. Updl, 


Mfthdn Ndgi, . . 


, Pan, 


TablungNdgi, . . 


, Peh, 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


, Sundong, 


Angimi N^d, . . 


, Si, 


Nirasing Ndgd, . . 


. Bang, 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


. Santung, 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


, Sangtung, 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. Esing, 


Sibsigar Miri, . . 


, Ising, 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


. Popon, 



I 



-5 



Singpho, Phun, 

Burman {written), , . Apang, 
Burman {spoken), . . . Apen. 
Khyeng v. Shou, . . Thin, 

Kdmi, AMn, 

KiSmi, Dinkoung, 

Mni v. Toung, . . . Tsingdiing, 
Sdk, Pungpdng, 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Kanoung, 
Sgau-karen, .... Thay. 
Pwo-karen, .... Thaing, 
Tounghthu, .... Thingmu, 

Shin, Ton, 

Annamitic, .... Kdi. 

Siamese, Ton, 

Ahom, TUn, 

Khdmti, Tun, 

Laos, Ton. 

' Ho (Kol), .... Daru, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Ddru, 

Santili, Ddre, ladd, budd (shrub) ; 

Bhilmij, Ddfiu, [^/r (forest). 

Urdon, Man, 

Mundala, Ddru, 

Rijmahali, .... Man, 

Gondi, Mare, mard, 

Gayeti, Mada, 

Rutluk, Mara, 

Naikude, Chet. 

Kolami, Mot. 

Mddi, Mara, 

Mddia, Bhanda, 

Kuri, Sing, 

Keikidi, Maro, 

Khond, Mrdnu, 

Sdvara, Anebagna, 

Gadaba, Sunabbo, 

Yerukala, Chede, marom. 

Chentsu, Gdts, 

Tamil, anc, .... Caret, 

Tamil, mod., .... Se4ii maram, 

Malaydlma, anc Caret, 

Malaydlma, mod., . . Chedi, maram. 

Telugu, Cha(u, 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret, 

Karadtaka, mod., . . Gi4a, mara, 

Tuluva, Mara, 

Kurgi, Mara, 

Toduva,) .... Men, 

Toda, I . . . . Mam, 

Kdta, Marame, 

Badaga, Mora. 

Kurumba, .... Mara, 

Irula, Mara, 

Malabar, Maram, 

Sinhalese, Gaha, 



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CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] 



VILLAGE— DORF-VILLAGE—DEREVNYA—VICUS. 



163 



> 



Types. 



« (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



> 



I 



r Chinese, Nankin, 
b^ Chinese, Pekin, 
I I Chinese, Canton, 
*§ j Chinese, Shanghai, 
'^ Amoy, Colloquial, 

[ Japanese, 



s 



c 



J 



I 



I 



I 



Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 
Tibetan (written), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Mdrmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newir, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 
Rdngchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
S4ng-p4ng, 
Dilmi, . . 
Khiling, . 
Dimgmkli, 

D^hi, . . 

Denw^, . 

Pahri, . . 

Chepdng, . 

Bhi;^(Qni, . 

Viyn,. . 
Etuwar, 






Grdma. 
Dayaah, 

Erri^ iri^ uri, 

Kyla. 

Talu. 

Keuij aoghl, 

ZauytshiL 

Suly daba, 

Poskho^ balgasun. 

Falatiy tokso, 

Desa, 

Dusun, 

Kampongy dusun, 

Hiang, 

Hsiang, 

Heong, 

Hidng-tsang, 

Hiun-sid, 

Mura, 

Shahar. 

Twdngcha. 
JVo^Aytiy tukhyu, 
Yu, 

Wekhd. 

Hoto. 

Rhava. 

Yul-ts)u>. 

TTiong, 

va/, 

Gdun. 

Ndsa. 

Namso, 

Ldnghd, 

Hdl. 

Gdu. 

Bdngphe, 

Teng, 

Tttngmd, 

Tmg. 

Ten. 

Tydl, 

Teng. 

Ten, 

Del, 

Tel, 

Del 

DyaL 

Gdn-wd^ 

Ten, 

Ten, 

Te, 

Del. 

Del, 

Ten. 

Gdon. 

Gdon. 

Gen. 

Caret. 

Hdng d&ng. 

Mulwig. 

Gioft. 

UMng. 



Amp 



•^ fBodo, .... 


. . Fhdrd, 


^ 


Dhimdl, 


. . 


. . Derd, 


^ 


Kocch, 




. . Gdon, bondor. 


^ 


Garo, . 




. . Song. 


^ 


Kichiri, 




. , Caret, 




' Munipuri, . . 


, , Khul. 


•^^ 


Mfthin Ndgd, . 


, . Ting, 


1 


TablungNigd, . 


. . Tying. 


1 


Khiri Ndgd, . . 


, , Ayim, 


V 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 


, , Arame. 


•|. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 


, . Hd. 




Nowgong Ndgd, 


, , Yiim, 


1 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


, . Yam, 


F 


Abor Miri, . . 


, , Dulong. 


^ 


Sibsigar Miri, . 


. . Doliing, 


t5 


Deoria Chutia, . 


. . A'tigu, 




Singpho, . . . 


, . Mereng, 


•<5 


' Burman (written). 


, , Rwd, 




Burman (spoken), , 


. . Yud, 


■^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


, . Ndm, 


h- 


Kdmi, .... 


, . Vdng, 




Kiimi, .... 


, . Avdng, 


1 


Mni v. Toung, . 


. . Xwd, 


b 

'^ 


.Silk, .... 


. . TAing. 




' Talain v. Mon, . 


. . JiToA, 


.e 


Sgau-karen, . . 


. . TwaUy kau. 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. . Twan. 


§ 


Toungh-thu, . . 


Dung, 


f! 


Shdn, .... 


, , Mann, 


Ki ' 


Annamitic, . . 


. . Lhng 


h 


Siamese, . . . 


. , Pann^ ban. 


5 


Ahom, . . . . 


. , Bdn, 


^ 


Khimti, . . . 


. . Mdn. 




Laos, .... 


. . Ban, 




'.Ho(Kol), . . 


. . Hattu. 




Kol (Singhbhum), 


. . Haitu, 




Santili, . . . 


, , A'tOy hadakundia, rdsidto 




Bhiimij, 




, . Hathuje, [(town). 




Urion, 




. . Padda. 




Mundala, 




. , Hdtu, 




Rdjmahali 




. . Kep, 




Gondi, 




. . Ndr, ndk (^\,), 


■i 


Gayeti, 




, . Ndr. 


1 


Rutluk, 




, , Caret. 


^ 


Naikude, . 




, , Ur. 


^ 


Kolami, . 




. , Ur. 


^ 


Midi, . 




. . Ndru, ndgu. 




Mddia, . 




, . Ndr. 




Kuri, . . 




. . Gawa, 




Keikddi, . 




. . Uru. 




Khond, . 




. . m/u. 




Sdvara, 




. . Gorajdng, da, 




Gadaba, . 




. , Yiugoma. 




Yerukala, . 




. Nddu. 




Chentsu, . 




. Gd, 


Tamij, anc, . , 


. Pakkanam, 




Tamil, mod., . . 


. IPr, 




Malaydlma, anc, 


. Caret, 




Malaydima, mod., . 


Karay grdmam. 




Telugu,* . . . . 


. ITru, 




Karadfaka, anc, . . 


. PaUu 


i| 


Kar^i^a^a, mod., . 


. Ha^y uru. 


s 


Tuluva, . . . . 


. ITru. 


p " 


Kui^i, 


. Caret. 


:| 


Tocjuva,) . . . 
To^a, ; . . . 


. Mo44i ^'^ort^ 


4 


. Hatti, Ur. 




K6ta, 


. Pa«i, 




Ba^aga^ . . » . 


, HtM, 




Kifftiiiibai . » • 


, Wru, 




Ifit% • « . . . 


. Vru, 




vaStm, .... 


, Kmidd^ keramam. 




SiiiiMdeBe,. 


• • • 


Gama. 



- V. . - m^ 




"^ Mi 



. -:'.'. ■■ • -j Digitized by VjOOQ IC 



164 



EAU—WASSER— WATER— VODA— AQUA. 



[chap. IV. — NOUNS. 



Types, 

•« (Sanskrit, 
*§, (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 

Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 



•5 
I. 



I 



'S; 



S 



•s 
1 

I 



I 



^ 

■? 






I 



Brahuf, 

' Gydrai, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
M^yak, . 
Thochd, . 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 
Tibetan (written), 

Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Gilrung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thiksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wiling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Cheping, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 



Ap, vdriyjaia. 
Ma, 

Ur, 

Wesi, 

Viz, 

Su, 

PsiypsUy kinsiy* shin* 

Tsgaliy tsziin* 

OsoTiy usun, nth* gadar.\ 

Muke, 

Bannu. 

Toya, 

Ayar, 

Shwui. 

Shui. 

Shui, 

S', 

ChUi, sui. 

Mizzu. 

Dir, 

Shui, 
Tichi, 
Chhi, 
Dydh, 
Chah, 

WassUy usu, 
Hrah, 
Chhu, 
Chhu, 

Chh^, 

Pankhu. 

Kyu. 

Kwi, 

Di. 

Kya, 

Pdni, 

LaWy Id, 

Chua, 

Chdwd, 
Wa, 
Chdwd, 
ChU'Wd, 
Kad-wd. 
Cha-wd, 
Mang chuwa, 
KdH, 
Kdu, 
K^, 

Pwd'kUy bwd-pu. 
Yowd, 
ChUwd, 
Kuftgwd, 
Wd, kdnwd, 
K^, 

ChdHwd, 

PaH, 

KyU. 

Lukhti, 

Tt, 

A'wd, 

Ti, 

Pdni, 

Tdng, 

Pdni, 

Ong, 
ChhH, 



1 


Bodo, . 




. Dm, 


Dhimil, 




. Chi, 


f^. 


Kocch, 




. Jdl, 


^* 


Garo, . 




, Chikd, 


^' 


Kichdri, 




. Doi, dai. 




' Munipuri, . . . 


, Ishing. 


•^ 


Mfdiin Ndgd, . . 


, Ti. 


1 


TablungNdgd, . . 


. Riang, 


^ 


Khiri Ndgd, . . . 


. Atsii, 


^ 


Angdmi Ndgi, . . 


. Zu, 


■1. 


Nimsing Ndgi, . . 


. > 




Nowgong Ndgd, 


. Tsii, 


t^; 


Tengsa Nigd, . . 


. Tu, 


p 


Abor Miri, . . . 


, A'ssi, 


1 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


. A'ch4:, 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


• A 




Singpho, .... 


. Ntsin, 


<s* 


' Burman {written). 


Re. 


i 


Burman {spokm), . . 


y^.ya. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


THi, 


4- 


Kimi, 


. Tui. 


§ 


Kiimi, 


. T^, 


1 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


. TMi, 


'^ 


^Sdk, 


. 0, 




' Talain v. Mon, . . 


Dhihk, 


.g 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


Ti, thi, hti. 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


Ti, 


a 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


IFti, 


^S 


Shdn, 


Ndn, 


K ■ 


Annamitic, . . . 


Ntidk, 


h 


Siamese, .... 


Nan, nam. 


K 
Q 


Ahom, .... 


Nam, 


io 


Kh'imti, .... 


Nam, 




Laos, 


Nam, 




Ho(Kol), . . . 


Dah, 




Kol (Singhbhum), . 


Ddh, 




Santdli, .... 


Ddhy dheo (waves). 




Bhdmij, 




Ddh, 




Urdon, 




Urn, chap. 




Mundala, 




JD/ia, 




Rijmahali, 




Am, 




Gondi, 




Yer. 


4 


Gayeti, 




Yer, 


1 


Rutluk, 




Er. 




Naikude, 




Ir, 


1 


Kolami, 




Ir, 


Midi, . 




^r, gegu. 




Mddia, 




Per, 




Kuri, . 




Da. 




Keikidi, 




Tanni, 




Khond, 




Sridrti, 




Sdvara, 




Dd, 




Gadaba, . 




Deyyd, 




Yerukala, 




Tanni, 




^ Chentsu, 




Pdni, 




' Tamil, anc, . . . 


Punal, 




Tamil, mod., . . . 


Tannir, nir. 




Malaydlma, anc, . 


Caret. 




Malaydlma, mod., . 


Vellam^ nir. 




Telugu, .... 


Niliu. 




Karadtaka, anc, . . 


Caret. 


4 


Karndjaka, mod., . 


Niru. 


•5 


Tuliiva, .... 


Nir, 


! , 


Kurgi, 


Mm. 


1 


Toduva,) . . . . 
Toda, f . . . . 


Caret. 


1 


Nir, 




K(5ta, 


Nire, 




Badaga, 


Mm, 




Kunimba, . . . . 


Mru, 




Inila, 


Dani, 




Malabar, 


Thannir, nir, salam. 




^ Sinhalese, . 


. . . , 


Watura, 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. IV.— NOUNS.] FATIGUE— MUDIGKEIT— WE ARI N ESS— USTALOST— LASSITUDO. 



165 



. Types. 




' Bodo, Mengbaiy myengd^ng. 


^ . 


Dhimdl, 










Mdtha. 


•« (Sanskrit, . 
4 (Arabic, . . 






Srama, 
Taaby aand. 


Kocch, 
Garo, . 










Thakdi. 
Rewe kou. 


s 


Bask, . . . 






NekCy neka^ arika, laa^ una 


^ 


Kdchdri, 










Caret. 




Finnic, . . 






lyo, [unasun, aunv. 




Munipuri, 








Card. 




Magyar, . . 






. Faradsag. 


■^ 


Mithdn Ndgi, 






Card. 


S) 


Turkish, . . 






Yorghun, 


1" 


Tablung Ndgd, 






Card 




Circassian, . 






Caret, 


"^ 


Khdri Ndgd, . 






Card. 


Georgian, . 






Caret. 


V 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 






Card 


Mongolian, . 






Ukseregu, 


•i 


NimsdngNdgd,. 






Boan, 


1 


Mantshu, . 






Shodara. 


§ ' 


Nowgong N^d, 






A'nyoko. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Chape. 


<<; 


Tengsa Ndg^ . 






Nguchaho. 




Javanese, Krama, 




Chape. 


^ 


Abor Miri, . . 






Caret. 




Malay, . . . 




Latah. 


1 


Sibsigar Miri, . 






Amirsej moldmak. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Pi'kiuen. 
P^i-chUan. 


•^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 






Caret. 
Bdhd. 


> 


Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 




Kau-kiin. 
Sd-du. 


<t 


^ Burman (luritten), 

Burman {spoken). 






Mo, pangban. 
MOypenbdn, anyoung. 


"^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Sidn, id. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 






Rano. 




Japanese. . . 




Kutabuleru. 


*■ 


Kdmi, . . 








Mdsd. 


c .^ ' 








5 


Kiimi, . . . 








Akom. 


Brahuf, . . 






Caret. 


•5 


Mni V. Toun^ 


h ' 






Card. 


1 


Gydmi, . . , 






Sphwddeu. 




Sdk, . . 








Card. 


Gydrung, . . 






Disduk. 




' Talain v. Moi 


n, 






Kawon. 


i 


Tdkpa, . . 






Caret. 


s 


Sgau-karen, 








Card. 


Mdnyak, . . 






Nd-brida. 


•? 


Pwo-karen, 








Card. 


Thochil, . . 






Darvatch. 


§ 


Toungh-thu, 








Tdwa. 


1 


Sokpa, . . . 






Ydtava. 


^ 

* 

s 

i? 


Shdn, . . 








Kon. 


J* 


Horpa, . . , 






Nerthd. 


Annamitic, 








Nhok. 


1 


Tibetan (ivrittenV 






Caret. 


Siamese, . 








Mai. 


cS [ TibeUn (spoken). 






Gydk. 


Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 








Card. 
Card. 




Serpa, . . . 






Yeche. 




Laos, . . 








Card. 


^ 


Sdnwdr, . . , 
Giirung, . . 
MiSrmi, . . 






Dati. 

Bhld. 

Blap<hi. 

Mhuncho. 

Bhaldpji. 




"ho(KoI), 
Kol (Singhbh 
Santdli, . 


um 


), 




Tagauted. 

Esub lagiena. 

Ldngdte (verb), Idngiena, 


1" 


Magar, . . 
Thdksya, . . 








Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 










, Lagajoudle. \dakhal (adj.) 
. Khdridkar. 


t 


Pdkhya, . . 
Newdr, . . 
Limbu, . . 

Kirdnti, . . . 
Rodong, . . 
Riingchenbung, , 
Chhingtdngya, , 






Galeldgyo. 

lyanu. 

Nama. 

Hotdng. 
Hosd. 
Hottdng. 
IThottdng. 


1 

1 


Mundala, 

RijmahalL 

Gondi, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 










Thakana. 

Card. 
. Dikmandatur. 

Card. 

/tore (weak). 

Card. 
. Sadamtarikam (weak). 


f 


Ndchhereng, . 






Haya. 


a 


Midi, . 










. Card. 


t 


Wiling, . . 






IThottdng 




Mddia, 










Card. 


Ydkha, . . 






Ydksydr^nd. 




Kuri, . 










. Bangbai (weak). 


1 


Chourdsya, . 






Bdl-me. 




Keikddi, 










Dila (weak). 


Kulungya, . 






Gumo. 




Khond, 










Lahlte. 


"§1 ' 


Thulungya, . 






Grium-dd. 




Sivara, , 










Caret. 


C^ 


Bihingya, 






Bdl. 




Gadaba, 










Burre. 


"1 


Lohorong, 






Ydktdng 




Yenikala, . 










Ayyosu. 


1 


Lambichhong, 






Sua. 




Chentsu, 










JIaran, i/usiki. 


^ 


R^l?^!], . . . 
Sdng-pdng, . 






Ydl^ta.yak. 
H(hydn. 




Tamil, anc., 
Tamil, mod., 








Ayarvu. 
Ileippu. 




Diimi, . . . 






Gkrum'ma. 




Malaydlma, anc, 




Card. 




Khdling, . . 






Ghritna. 




Malaydjma, mod, . 




Talarcha. 




Dungmdli, . 






Miho. 




Telugu,* . . . 




Alupu. 


1 


Ddrhi, . . . 
Denwdr, . . 
Pahri, . . . 
Chepkng, . . 
Bhrdmu, . . 
Viyu,. . . 
Ktofirar, . . 






Thdkin. 
Hadyaila. 
NdnUy ngalnu. 
Card. 
KUukkwi. 
Job. 
Card. 


1 

i 


Karndjaka, ai 
Klar^dtaka, m 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi,. . 
Toijuva, 
Toija, ; 
K6ta, . . 
Baraga, . 
K,u(tiXDbay 
LruK • . 


IC, 

od. 






Card. 

Danuvu. 

Card. 

Card. 

Card. 

Card. 
. Salupu. 
. Salupu. 
. Salupu. 
. SaUpu. 


LeiK^(Sackim>. . . iW 11 




Ma]atMur» . 








. Ilditha, kalaUtha. 




adKBiv;Ibop 


r 
% 




. mb^dUU. 11 




Smhakse, 










. Wtkesa. 




Digitized by VjOOQ IC 



1 66 



IGNAME— YAMWURZEL— YAM— YAM—DIOSCOREA. 



[chap. IV. — NOUNa 



. Types. 


1 (Sanskrit, .... A'lu, madhumulam. 


^ JArabic, . . 






. Caret. 


[Bask, . . . 






. Caret, 




Finnic, . . 






Caret, 




Magyar, . . 






Caret, 


^ 


Turkish, . . 






, Caret, 


|- 


Circassian, . 






, Caret, 


Georgian, . 






. Caret, 


Mongolian, . 






. Caret, 


.^ 


Mantshu, . 






, Caret, 




Javanese, Ngoko, , 


, Uwi, 




Javanese, Krama, . 


, Uwi, 




Malay, . . . . 


Ubi, ubi-bangala. 




^ Chinese, Nankin, . 


. Ta-shii, 




Chinese, Pekin, . 


. Ta-sh^i, 




Chinese, Canton, . 


. Tai-shu, 


1 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


. San-ydh, 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


, Toa-cM, S, 




Japanese, . . . 


, JmOy tsu-kemono. 


Brahuf, 






. Caret, 


^ 


' Gydrai, 






Ydng-su, 


En 


Gydrung, . . 






. Seten, 


h 


Tdkpa, . 






, Khe, 


^ 


Mdnyak, . 






. Z^ah, 




Thochii, . . 






. Jyah. 


liT^ 


Sokpa, . . 






Carets 




Horpa, 






, Zo, 


Tibetan {.written), 




, Dovd, 


S 


Tibetan {spoken), 




, Thomd. 




rSerpa, . . . 




, Dhoa, 


< 


Silnw^, . 
Gdrung, . 






, Rebe. 
. Taya, 


^ 


Miirmi, . . 






, Teme, 


1- 


Magar, . . 






, Ndmi, 


Thdksya, . . 






, Hmau dau. 


1 


Pdkhya, . 






, Caret, 


Newdr, 






, Hi, 




Limbu, . . 






. Khe, 




r Kirdnti, . 






. . Sdki, 




Rodong, . 






. . Soki. 




Riingchenbung, 




, Sdki. 




Chhingtdngya, 




, . Khi'Su-wa, 


tj 


Ndchhereng, . 




, , KM-yoksa, 


1 


Wdling, . 






. . Sa-khiy yak. 


Ydkha, . 






, , Khe^ stichigwa. 


^ J 


Chourdsya, 






, , Rang'jabi. 


Kulungya, 






, , Khe, 




Thulungya, 






, . Balakpu, 


^ 


Bdhingya, . 






, , Rebe^ swokokti. 


•? 


Lohorong, 






, , Ndmkhe, sua^ khibre. 


? 


Lambichhong 






, , Ndngkhi, 


^ 


Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 






, , Khu, 
. , Khi, 
. , Ki, 
. , Sdsros, 
. . Sakhi, 


•x; 


r Ddrhi, . . 






, , Pindlu, 


.i 


Denwdr, . 






, . Cho-ydn, 


< 


Pahri, . . 






, , Sdii, 


Chepdng, . 






. , Goi, 


^ " 


Bhrdmu, . 






. , Ydk, 


K 


Vdyu, . . 






, , Rdpl, chopi. 


.1 


Kuswar, . 






, , Getiy bhydgar. 


§ 


Kusunda, . 






. . Byalongplanddn. 


^ 


[Thdni,. . 






, . Kanmul, 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 


. . Buk, 




Bhdtdni v. LI 


lop 


a, 


. , Kyu. 



I 



I 



^ 



h 

to 



I 



a 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthin Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgi, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgi, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Nil^d, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 



Burman (written), 
Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou 
Kdmi, . . 
Kilmi, . . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sdk, . . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 



Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhi 

Santdli, 

BhiSmij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rdjmahali, 

Gondi, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Midi, . 

Mddia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikddi, 

Khond, 

Sivara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 



Tamil, anc., 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc. 
Malaydima, mod. 
Telugu,* . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karnitaka, mod. 
Tujuva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, j 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Iruja, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Thd, 
Ling, 
Alu, 
Han, 
Caret, 

Hd, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Hd'khuon, 

Shi, 

Chu, 

NgunU, 

A'iie, 

Caret, 

Nai, 

Myok, 

Myauk, 

Bahd, 

Khd, 

Ho, 

Mau, 

Kdngku, 

Kawa, 

Nwaiy noe, 

Nwd, 

Nwd, 

Ho-mau, 

Caret, 

Mau, man-dom. 

Caret, 

Man, 

Hoa-man, 

Caret. 

Merumtosang, 

Sdng, sdfiy gam, kdpu^ kolo, 

Sdngd. 

A'lu, 

A'ru, 

Caret, 

Naska-kangda, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Gdn(fikuna, 

Gane. 

Dampu, 

Altwele. 

Saru, sakar kanda. 

Caret. 

Val/i, kizhangu. 

Caret, 

Kiz/iangUy kdchil. 

Pendalamu, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Muiinge. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Kilangu, 

Ala, 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] 



MAUVAIS— SCHLECHT— BAD— DURNOI— MALUS. 



167 



Types, 

•^ (Sanskrit, 
<$^ (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kxama, 
Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 



} 






i 

f 



s 



;5 

11 



Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, . 
ThochiS, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 
Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Gdrung, 

Mdrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newir, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

LambicWhong, 

BikUi, . . 

Sing-pdng, 

DiSmi,. . 

KMling, . 

Dungm^i, 

Ddrhi, . , 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chq)ing, . 
Btun^bmiy « 



Dushta, asaty nirguna, 
Sharriry radi, 

GaiztOy ^estOy donge^ dmnge^ 

Paha. \deunga, 

Rosz, 

Fena, 

Bzaghey. 

Tsughi, 

EkeL 

Ekhe. 

Hala, 

Hawon. 

Jdhat, ta'baik. 

Ngoh. 

O. 

Ok, 

Cheu; veh-hau (not good). 

Pdin, 

Warui, 

Gando. 

Hou-ti-myu, 

Makasne, 

Lihumanu 

Mdnda, 

Ghdi, gh^y mari, 

Md-bene, 

Gdyenyer, 

Ndngpo, 

DHJkpo. 

Ma-iem^. 

Marin-noso, 

A'saba, 

Ajdba, 

Mdgyepche, 

Na-dsba, 

Ghatiyay hehor, 

Ma-bhing, 

Flum-ba^ khepembo, 

Auva. 

Ise, iseko, 

EuwOy dnuninko^ euttko, 

It'fW, 

nda, 

Noudhoi^ aitpa, 

Nu-nin-ha, 

A4ucho, 

Marinoiy manno, 

Minyupa, 

Mdnyuba, 

Isdy phcnnL 

Nuyuk ninkha, 

rsdno, iscCp nunine, 

FH, 

MfUnipa, mumyiipa, 

MdnyUpa, 

I; ichU;^ mayi} 

Bontha, 

Bansajha, 

Mabhingguhtna. 

PUo. 

Mado, 

Mitmngnuhkanm. 



^SSaffS^::. igir*' 



09 



I 



I 



-5 



.6 

5 



«0 



Bodo, Hamma, 

Dhimil, Mdelkd. 

Kocch, Mondo. 

Garo, Sarchd. 

Kdch^, Ifdmma. 



a 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn.Ndgd, . 
Tablung N^d, . 
Khdri N^d, . . 
Angimi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

Burman {written), 
Burman {spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, .... 
Kiimi, .... 
Mni v. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 



Fhutte, 
Manmai. 
Yemci, 
Maro. 
Sowe, 
Achi. 
Matsong, 
Machong. 
Aitnang, 
Aima, 
Chant. 
Ngaid. 

QMo. 

S'ho, makaung. 

Foya. 

S'hau. 

Hauio. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Hakhd, 

Ery aohh. 

Ung 

Kay, 

Mali, 

Xdu, 



Talain v. Mon, . . 
Sgau-karen, . . . 
Pwo-karen, . . . 
Toungh-thu, . . . 

Shin, 

Annamitic, . . . 

Siamese, Chua^ maidiy mall, 

Ahom, Khyd, 

Khdmti, Mani, 

Laos, Ifdiy bodl, 

'Ho(Kol), .... Etka, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Etka, 

Santdli, Bddih, badiena. 

Bhiimij, Judajanna, 

Urdon, Maldau, 

Mundala, Kdhesd. 

Rdjmahali, .... Bdnd, 

Gondi, Buromanda, kharab, 

Gayeti, A'nemdtal, 

Rutluk, Buro, 

Naikude, Nasadin, 

Kolami, Kardb. 

Midi, Ldgor^ Idgo, 

Mddia, Caret, 

Kuri, Kardb, 

Keikddi, Kettd, 

Khond, Nekkdnju dye. 

Sdvara, Sedele, 

Gadaba, Nimmakdvo, 

Yenikala, Ketta, kettasu, 

Chentsu, Khardb, 

Tamil, anc, .... Caret, 

Tamil, mod., .... Ketta, 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydima, mod., . . Chittay ke^a. 

Telugu, Chedda, 

Karndtaka, anc, . . . Caret, 

Kar^d^aka, mod., . . Ketfa, 

Tuluva, Fedika^am, 

Ktirgi, Kutpid. 

To4uya,) .... Caret, 

To^a, I . . . . Vi^ladt. 

Kdta, Ago. 

Baraga. HoOa, 

XjUfimioay • . • « Knffik, 

lni|t . • . . . . AOi. 

Kafathu^ » , • • • Akiika* 

.... Nm^aka. 




;.jzed by ^ 



GooqIc 






1 68 



AMER— BITTER— BITTER—GORKY— AMARUS. 



[CHAP. V. — ADJECTIVES. 



Types. 

c (Sanskrit, 
I, (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



1 
i 






■3 

I 






I 



s 



I 






Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gyimi, . 

Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, 

Mdnyak, . 

Thochii, . 

Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwir, . 
Giining, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thiksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 
Rilngchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
B^dli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
DiSmi, . . 
Khiling, . 
Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhr^mu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 



Tikta, 
Murr. 

Mia, mifiy samwy santin^ 
Haikia. \karmin^ kuarais. 
Keserii. 
Aji. 

-Dim- 

Mtsare, 

Gasigon, 

Amtan, goshihun, 

Pahit 

PahiL 

Pdhit. 

Fu. 
Ku. 
Kd, 
Karat, 

Kharen. 

KhM, 

Kuchchek, 

Khdkbbl 

Ddkhd, 

Khdk. 

Caret. 

SnesnL 

Caret. 

Khdko. 

KhakH. 

Kaso. 

Kdmha^ 

Kdmba. 

Khdcho. 

Kambd. 

Tito. 

KhaiyH. 

Kekhikpa. 

Khdkko. 

Khi-ke. 

Khd'kwa, khako. 

KhaHno. 

Khikda. 

Khak. 

Khikdy khigha. 

Khdchb. 

Khike. 

Khkpa. 

Kdba; -dadsi ;^ -dad} 

Khikta, khikka. 

KhiUyukha. 

Khyukup, kheuhip, 

Khiki. 

Khepa. 

Khdpa. 

Khak, khak-chie^ makfidk.^ 

Tita. 

Tita. 

Khakhadha. 

Caret. 

Kyakhai. 

KJiachim. 

Tito. 

Katuk. 

Tin. 

Akrim, krimbo. 
Khdkb. 



I 



I 



I 



(iS 



■^ 



I 
h 



I 



Bodo, .... 
Dhimdl, . . . 
Kocch, . . . 
Garo, .... 
Kichdri, . . . 

Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 
Burman {written), 
Buiman {spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kdmi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 

' Talain v. Mon, . 
Sgau-karen, . . 
Pwo-karen, . . 
Toungh-thu, . . 
Shdn, .... 
Annamitic, . . 
Siamese, . . . 
Ahom, .... 
Khdmti, . . . 
Laos, .... 






fHo(KoI), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 
Santdli, . . . 
Bhiimij, . . . 
Urdon, . . . 
Mundala, . . . 
Rdjniahali, . . 
Gondi, .... 
Gayeti, . . . 
Rutluk, . . . 
Naikude, . . . 
Kolami, . . . 
Mddi, .... 
Mddia, . . . 
Kuri, .... 
Keikddi, . . . 
Khond, . . . 
Sdvara, . . . 
Gadaba, . . . 
Yerukala, . . . 
Chentsu, . . . 



' Tamij, anc, . . 
Tamil, mod., . . 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod., 
Telugu,* . . . 
Kamdtaka, anc, . 
Karndtaka, mod., 
Tujiiva, . . . 
Kurgi, .... 
Toduva, ) . . 
Toda, ) . . 
Kdta, .... 
Badaga, . . . 
Kurumba, . . 
Iruja, .... 
Malabar, . . . 
Sinhalese, . . . 



Gakkd. 

Khdkkd. 

Kaduva. 

Hdni. 

Gokd. 

Akhdba. 

Khd. 

Khd. 

Khd. 

Chdsi. 

Akhd. 

Pakld. 

Pakld. 

Kbnam. 

Koddk. 

Kai. 

Khd. 

Khd. 

Khd, chdthi. 

Khau. 

Khd. 

Akho. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Ka-tau. 

Kah, kha. 

Khah. 

Khu. 

Khon. 

Dang. 

Khbm, khon. 

Khum. 

Khbm. 

Khbm. 

Moroia. 

Hdrdd. 

Hadhat. 

Harrada. 

Harkhd. 

Harpand. 

Karkeh. 

Kad^a, kaitd. 

Keiemui. 

Keitd. 

Send. 

Chmdu. 

Kahitd. 

Keile. 

Katik. 

Kachu. 

Pittdyiw. 

Asa. 

Vusdm. 

Ketststd. 

Titto, 

Caret. 

Kasanda, kasappu. 

Caret. 

Kaippulla. 

Chidu. 

Caret. 

Khayyi. 

Khayipe. 

Kaipal. 

Kachchatt. 

Kdthti. 

Kaju. 

Kdhi. 

Kdhi. 

Khape. 

Kasappu. 

Titta. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. V. — ADJECTIVES.] 



NOIR—SCHWARZ— BLACK— CHERNY—ATER. 



169 



Types, 

•« (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



8v 



I 

I 

I 

I 



^ 

V 



h 



2 



} 



Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydning, . 
Tikpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 
Tibetan (written)^ 

Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
SiSnwdr, . 
Gilrung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kii4nti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Nichhereng, 

Wiling, . 

Yikha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

B^ingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-p^, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmkli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . , 
Chepkng, . 
Bbrdinti, . 






Krishna^ ^dma, kdla. 
Aswad, 

BeltZy belch, baltz, balch, 

Musia, 

Fekete. 

Kara, 

Shudzah, 

ShavL 

Khara, 

Sakhaliyan, 

Hireng, 

Chenieng. 

Hitam, 

Heh, 

He. 

Hak, 

Hah, 

O, 

KuroL 

Mon, 

Khidi, 

Kanak. 

Nak-po, 

Ddnd, 

Nyik, 

Caret, 

Nyd-nyd, 

Ndgpo, 

Ndkpo, 

Nakpo, 

Kerd, 

Mlongyd, 

MIdngai, 

Chik chi dancho, 

Maldng, 

Kdlo, 

Hdku, 

Kumakld, 

Mdkachakwa, 

MakchUma, 

Mak-chakmd, 

Mdkkaehiikma. 

Mokchibpa, 

Mdkchumay makchakchak, 

Makhruna, 

Khuch^amo, 

Gugrupa, 

Kekema, 

Kydkydm, 

Maikye, maiye, 

Mayukkha, 

Makthropa, 

Mao^ niakachikpa, 

Makchupu. 

Kekem. 

Mdkchdcha, makchak,^ chak 

Kajrdro. ^'^^^''' 

Kdrda. 

Hdkuguhona, 

GaUo. 

KhakM$igmi. 
Kdida. 









I 



^ 



4) 









I 
I 



Bodo, . 
Dhundl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman (ivntfen), 
Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, 



Mon, 



Kiimi, 
Mni V. Toung, 
[Sdk, 

' Talain 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 



r Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhi 
Santdli, 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 
Gondi, . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Midi, . 
Mddia, . 
Kuri, . 
Keikidi, 
Kho^d, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukala, 
Chentsu, 



' Tamij, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydjma, mod., 
Telugu, . . . 
Karpd^aka, anc, 
Ranidtaka, mod. 
Tuluya, . 
Kurgi, . . 
To4uva, ) 
To<Ja, ; 
EiSta, . . 






Gatcham, gotchom, 

Dddkd, 

Kdla, 

Penek, 

Kdn-^ibai (darkness). 

Amuba, 

Nak. 

Niak, 

Nak, 

Kati, 

Anyak, 

Tanak, 

Nyakla, 

Ydkdr, 

Ydkdddk. 

Sakokoi, 

Chdng, 

Nak, 

Net, maithi, 

Kdn, 

Manitn, 

Kanum, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Katsau, 

Thu, athu, 

Thung, 

Phren, 

Lan, 

Den, 

Dam, lan. 

Dam, 

Nam, 

Dam, nin. 

Hende, 
Hende, 

Hen4e, kdndng-kdndng 
Hende, [(dark), hende, 

Mokharo, 
Hendi, 
Mdrgo, 
Kariyal, 
Kadiyal, 
Kariyal, 
Mulludi, 
Dowdankari, 
Kariydl, jurtor, karkdl. 
Kariydl, 
Kende, 
Karupu, 
Kdldjdnd, 
Je, 
Vide, 
Kalede, 
KaJld, kalita, 

Kanya, 

Karutta, karuppdna. 

Caret, 

Karutta, 

Nalla, nalupu. 

Caret, 

Karl 

Khappa, 

Kartad. 

Kapp. 

KdrthH. 

KarL 

Kari, kappu. 

Koppu. 

KarL 

Kan^pH. 




^-■■ ■ iy . : .. 



Digitized by 



Google 



I70 



FROID— KALT— COLD— KHOLODNY— FRIGIDUS. [chap, v.— adjectives. 



Types, 

vg J Sanskrit, 
'I (Arabic, . 

fBASK, . . 

Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kraina, 
Malay, . . . 



> 
J 



5 

8 



t 



I 
I 

I 



I 
I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, . . 

Gydmi, . . 

Gydrung, . . 
Takpa, . . 
Mdnyak, . . 
Thochii, . . 
Sokpa, . . . 
Horpa, . . 
Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan (j/t?Xr;/), 

'Seipa, . . . 

Sdnwdr, . . 

Gdrung, . . 

Murmi, . . 

Magar, . . 

Thaksya, . . 

Pdkhya, . . 

Newdr, . . 

Limbu, . . 

' Kirinti, . . 
Rodong, . . 
RiSngchenbung, 
Chbingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng. 
VVdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourisya, 
Kulungya, 
Thuliingya, 
Bdhingya, 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong. 
BdMli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Cheping, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



S'ita, sfifala. 
Bdrid^ barddn, 

Otz. 

Kylind. 

Hideg, 

Souk. 

Tshi-et-sha. 

Grili, 

Kodnn, 

S/iak/iorun. 

Hadem. 

Ilasrep. 

Di?igin^ sujoky salismah, 

Lang, tung, 
Lang, tung, 
Lang, tu7ig, 
Liing, 
I'Coan, 
Samui, 

Yak/ti, 

Sidi, 

Kavandro, kamishta. 

Krangnio. 

Phemphe, 

Styu, 

Khouthun, 

Kurku. 

Grdngpo, 

Thammo. 

Thydngmo. 

Chiso, 

Simba, 

Simba, 

Ringcho, 

Sim. 

Chiso. 

Khwd-won. 

Kesemba, semba, 

Kengyong, 

Chiso. 

Kengko, kengmangwa. 

Remno. 

Chhikda. 

IVa^hefyang. 

Chiha. 

Chiso. 

Chhike, chia. 

Chhdkpa, 

Chhikba. 

Yepse, yenipa, 

Chiyukha, 

Lpchhiyune. 

Chhiki, 

Chhti. 

ChhaJipa. 

Keng, ken^che^ mdket^.^ 

Chiso. 

Chiso, 

Khukhudha. 

Yesto. 

Chiso. 

Khemta, 

Chiso. 

Khdng-go, 

Thandd. 

Ahydm, hyumbo. 
Khyu'tno. 



t 


'Bodo, .... 


. . Gushu. 


^ 


Dhimdl, . . . 


. . Tirkd. 


^. 


Kocch, . . . 


. . Thanda. 


^ 


Garo, .... 


. . Chikrop. 


^" 


Kdchdri, . . . 


. . Gosha. 




' Munipuri, . . 


. Ayingba. 


"l^ 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . 


Rdng-kJiam. 


1 


Tabiiing Ndgd, . 


Wang-sam. 


Khdri Ndgd, . . 


Aiyang. 


V 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 


, Si. 


1. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 


. Aki. 


1 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


. KddsUtd. 


ti; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


. Achikab. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . 


, . Afisinge. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 


. . Ansinge, sikkire. 


'^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 


Chepcpe. 




Singpho, . . . 


. . Katsi, 




' Burma n iciuriiteit). 


Khyanty e. 


1 


Burman {spoken), . 


. . Khydn, e, chyannthi. 


■^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. . Kayoung. 


h- 


Kdmi, .... 


. . De, di. 


Xt 


Kumi, .... 


. . Siwdi. 


1 


Mni V. Toung, . 


. . Caret. 




^Sdk, .... 


. . Caret. 


' Talain v. Mon, . 


. . Ba. 


S 


Sgau-karen, . . 


. . Gho. ^ 


1 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. . Tser gaung. 




Toungh-thu, . . 


. . Khwd. 


K , 


Shdn, .... 


. . Kat. 


h 

•2 


Annamitic, . . 


. . LatX 


Siamese, . . . 


. . Yen, ndu, kann. 


Ahom, .... 


. . Khye, ndu. 


^ 


Khdmti, . . . 


. . Yen. 




Laos, .... 


, . Ndu, yen. 




' Ho (Kol), . . 


. . Rabang. 




Kol (Singhbhum), 


. . Rabang. 




Santdli, . . . 


. . Rdbdng, hemaol, rdtdng 




Bhiimij, . . . 


. . Rabang. [(frost) 




Urdon, . . . 


. . Ekh. 




Mundala, . . . 


. . Redrtana. 




Rdjmahali, . . 


. . Faniai. 




Gondi, . . . 


. . Mudungtd, muragtd. 


:§ 


Gayeti, . . . 


. . Mud7iugtaJ. 


1 


Rutluk, . . . 


. . Marustd. 


"5 ' 


Naikude, . . . 


. . /gam. 


1 


Kolami, . . . 


. , Fani. 


a 


Mddi, .... 


. . Dalangtd, kinda, keringtd. 




Mddia, . . . 


. , Caret. 




Kuri, . . . . • 


. . Chamrabdng, rarang. 




Keikddi, . . . 


. Idd. 




Khond, . . . 


. Jiiliminju. 




Sdvara, . . . 


Sayi vudede. 




Gadaba, . . . 


. Tsallari. 




Yerukala, . . . 


Musunu. 




Chentsu, . . . 


. Sittald. 




' Tamil, anc, . 


Tanniya. 




Tamil, mod., . . 


Kulirnda, sidalamana. 




Malaydjma, anc, 


Caret. 




Malaydima, mod., 


Tanutta. 




Telugu," . . . . 


Challani. 




Karndtaka, anc, . . 


Caret. 


1 


Karndtaka, mod., . 


. Tampu. 


1 


Tuluva, . . . . 


. Ch'hali, 


"S 


Kurgi, 


. Kultat. 


Toduva, ) . . . 


. Fil/ele. 


1 


Toda, \ , . . 


. Ferthti, kuorihti. 


K6ta, 


. Jalli. 




Badaga, . . . . 


, Jalli, koravu. 




Kummba, . . . 


. Jei. 




Irula, 


. Jalli. 




Malabar, . . . . 


. Kulirmd. 




Sinhalese,. . . . 


. SUala. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] CROCHU-GEKRUMMT-CROOKE D— KRIVOI— CURVUS. 



171 



Types, 

•g (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 

Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



1 
I 

a 



> 






^ 



2 



I 






\ 



Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, . 

Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, , 
Thochu, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written) 
Tibetan {spoken\ 

Serpa, . . 

Siinwdr, 

Gdning, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, , 

Pdkhya, . 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, . 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Nichhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
BdMli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khiling, . 
Dungmili, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepkng, . 
Bhrdmi], • 

Viyu, . . 
Knswsa^ • 



Fakra, kutila. 
Aaway, 

Maktir, 

Wddra, 

Giirbe, 

Egri, eyru 

Bittey. 

Mrudi, 

Bokedor^ beyedet. 

Mudangga, 

Beng-kong, 

Beng-kong, 

Bangkok, 

Wdu-kiuh, 
Wdu-chii, 
Huk. 

Krbh, gioh. 
Oat, 
Magalu, 

Caret, 

Tingdimyu. 
Makas'io, 
Kyok'po. 
Kho-kho, 

Jaggra, jabid-give. 
Caret, 
Gungu', 
Sgurbo, tudpo. 
Kdkpo, 

Kok-lok, 
Bdngo, 
Kuding, 
Kokteng, 
Gumcho, 
Yeba. 
Bdng-go. 
Beko, 
Koktu, 

IPdungu twon tong. 
Bdnggo, koko dyu pa, 

Yektu, ukiidak dak. 
Bydngkruk, 
Bdnggo, 
Bdnggo. 

Vegekria, yekyang, 

Ulgunuho, 

Mafitwdipa, 

Mijorigpa, 

Madyom'ba, gung-gung-me, 

Khokho, a ok ye, 

Okrikpa, bafig' krik-pa, 

Khok-khokpugu, 

. Toh^ nond, 

Khrdda, 

Gitngg^g-ma. 

OkrokrcSichu 

Kwonkdro. 

Bdnko. 

Phardsogumua. 

Dongto, 

Bongo. 

K0]»idngmo. 



SOU. 

ml- 






I 

•I 

I 



^ 



I 



S 



I 

v. 

I 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
[ Kdchdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Nigd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {written)^ 

Burman {spoken), 

Khyeng v. Shou. 

Kdmi, . 

Kdmi, . 

Mni v. Toung, 

Sak, 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahora, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbh 
Santdli, 
Bhdmij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Riitluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, , 
Khond, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod, 
Malay dl ma, anc. 
Malaydima, mod. 
Telugu, . . 
Kar^dtaka, anc, 
Karnd^aka, mod. 
Tujuva, < 
Kurgi,. 
To^uva,) 



um 



liuK 



Khungkrd^ khongkra, 

Kyokd, 

Beka. 

Kdkroi, 

Caret, 

Khoye, 

Kom, 

Kom, 

Tikihang, 

Krewi, 

Akuang, 

Tikrak, 

Koikolo. 

Muwat, gado, 

Guddk, 

Kekurai, 

Mdgo, 

Kok, 

Kauk^ kauktht. 

Koldk, 

Tako, 

Akwe, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Tanouk, 
Kd, t'blir. 
Kaing, 
Ngdken, 
Kot, 
Vay, 

Ngo, kot. 
Ke^ ngok. 
Ngok, 
Kom^ kot. 

Caret. 

Kochamocha, 

Lungkambeh. 

ffessii bdnka, 

Bengko, 

Kekundo, 

Sero, 

Tedho, hekodal, 

Waritd, 

Waridl, 

Wdnkade, 
Sarase, 

Waktd, addm^ wad^, 

Adaphi, 

Kwocha, 

Wdnkd, 
Bankaddjitne, 
Kokkade, 
Dairoyi, 

Vankara. 
Banko, 

Kodiya, 

Kbniya^ kbnaldna. 

Caret. 

Va{anga. 

Vankara, 

Caret. 

Sotfa. 

Mont. 

Card. 

Card. 

Balt^. 

Kenke. 

Gokkt. 

Chkke. 

JdMi 

JEmd. 







'&r-?vfe^:- 



172 



GROS— DICK— FAT— JIRNY—PINGUIS. 



[CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES. 



Types, 

& 

^« (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 



a 



I 



3 



} 



I 
I 



I 
I 






Brahui, . 

' Gydmi, 
Gydning, . 
Tikpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochil, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 
Tibetan (written), 

Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
Silnwdr, . 
Giining, . 
Mdrmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirinti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdlmg, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sing-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



Pivara, pina, pushta. 
Ndsih^ samin, 

Gizen^ lodi, 

Lihawa, 

Kbver, 

Semiz, 

Tsheh. 

Card. 

Boghisa. 

Tchalukha, 

Lemu, 

Lima, 

Gamuk. 

Ft. 
Fei. 
Ft. 

Ts'ong, 

FHi. 

Ftitotoru, 

Caret, 

Houti, 

Kivipan, 

Gydk-pa. 

Dachuh, 

Charwd, 

Yokhwe4he. 

KaJbOy galvo, 

'Rgyagspo, 

ThO'thomho, 

Gydmo, 

DiUntso. 

Choha. 

Choba, 

DJusho, 

Dhuniwa, 

Moio, 

Lhong, 

Mehru, 

Tok'pdn, 
Lete. 

Leydfigkoy tokpang^ chhuwo, 
IPsdmtdno, 
ITntdheppdlidda, 
CMptOy badhepo, lebyang, 
Yemnibd, 
Kholbo, 
Leipd. 
Senipd, 
Seneitba, 
Ydmnuye, 
Isamtai mekha, 
Ydninu dhepa, 
Litiko. 
Lei. 

Senupd. 
DhL 

Moto. 

Moto, 

Lhonghmo, 

Caret, 

Kichho, 

Lonia, 

Moto. 

Biju 

Mot. 

Asy^m^ syumbo. 
Gydmo. 



I 



s 



I 



I 

I 



c^ 



t 
^ 



h 
to 



Bodo, Gtiphung. 

Dhimdl, Dhdrnkd, chopka. 

Koccli, Mota. 

Garo, Kdneniwa. 

Kdchdri, Caret, 

Munipuri, .... Caret. 

Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Chong. 

TablungNdgd, . . . Nittan. 

Khiri Ndgd, .... Tahiti. 

Angimi Ndgd, . . . Pomoja. 

Nimsing Ndgd, . . . Aiai. 

Nowgong Nigi, . . Tabok. 

Tengsa Ndgi, . . . Tabok. 

Abor Miri, . . . . Udo, 

Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Juiname. 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Mejirini. 

Singpho, Fhum. 

Burman (written), . . Wa, tup. 

Burman (spoken), . . . IVa, iok, wauthi. 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Thoi. 

Kdmi, Left. 

Kilmi, Len. 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Caret. 

S^, Caret. 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Kara. 

Sgau-karen, .... Caret. 

Pwo-karen, .... Caret. 

Toungh-thu, .... Pay. 

Shdn, Payi. 

Annamitic, .... Day. 

Siamese, Awen, sai, man. 

Ahom, Pi. 

Khdmti, Pi. 

Laos, /V, tui. 

Ho(Kol), .... Rota. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Kiriend. \jdri4ang-sdnghi. 

Santili, Legesdh, sardih-leko, 

Bhiimij, Barai, mota. 

Urdon, Mota. 

Mundala, Mota. 

Rdjmahali, .... Gandi tarve. 

Gondi, Khodavinchy tajo, moto. 

Gayeti, Kodavij. 

Rutluk, KorbiSy karal. 

Naikude, Koru. 

Kolami, Korau, kubamon. 

Mddi, Koduwaskuy kosela, berpor^ 

Mddia, Caret. \mendul. 

Kuri, Charbi, bedeka. 

Keikddi, Nono, todu. 

Khond, Gellu ayininju. 

Sdvara, Komntdde, 

Gadaba, Bhirugu. 

Yenikala, Kowitsu, nenamu. 

Chentsu, Telubhariya^ tellarata. 

Tamil, anc, .... Vaiatta. 

Tamil, mod., .... Kozhuppdna, va^ppamdna^ 

Malaydjma, anc, . . Caret, [kofuppu. 

Malayiima, mod., . . Kozhutta. 

Telugu, Kowina^ kowu, baiinina. 

Kar^d^aka, anc, . . Caret. 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Kobbina. 

Tuluva, Thora. 

Kurgi, Caret. 

To^uva,) .... Pekkam. 

Toda, I . . . . Bechiti. 

K(5ta, Pordie. 

Badaga, Kobbu. 

Kurumba, .... Gobbu. 

Iruja, Kolupu. 

Malabar, Koluttha^ thiUitha. 

Sinhalese, Tara. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. V. —ADJECTIVES.] 



Types, 

•^ (Sanskrit, 
%^ (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Kjrama, 
Malay, . . . 



PLAT— PLATT— FLAT— ROVNY— PLANUS. 



^li 



I 



3 



J 






4 

■? 

e 



I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghaij 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 






Z 



' Gydmi, . 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Minyak, . 
Thochil, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 
Tibetan {.written^ 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Gdrung, . 
Mdrmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 
Rdngchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Choui^sya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdlili, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
rhimi, . . 
KMUng, . 
Dungmkli, 

fDdrhi,. . 

Denwir, . 

Pahri, . . 
Che 



Siismr» 






♦ ♦ • 



Sama^ samdna, sapdta, 
Basit, musattah, 

Zelaiy lauba^ naba^plaun. 

Tasa, 

Sik, 

Duz. 

Caret. 

Ptgeli, soda. 

Khaptagai, 

Khalfiyan, 

Rata, 

Rachin, 

Rdta, 

ring, 

ring, 

ring, 

Bing. 

Fin, 

Hilatai, 

Caret, 

Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 

Liblib, 

Caret, 

PhIM, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Pabapilhe, 

Pdtalo, 

Pati, 

Kuphdla, 

Caret, 

Phlempd, 

Phemdagway pheda'wa, 

Phempedepmd. \jphebdapma, 

Phremphremya, 

Phimpichichi, 

Phekpheknd, 

Plemplimme, 

Phemphempa, 

Plemplemmd, 

Plem-pUm'me, 

Phekphek-ma, 

Ranrankha, 

Phekphekpa, 

Phanpheni-ko, 

Phlemphkm!-me. 

Phemphemme, 

Phepchiddkda. 

Chepto. 

Chepto, 

Pherchyakyer^. 

Caret. 

Nimbule. 

Sambk. 






tiifig, 9t^ i^t»k 






I 



I 



I 



' Bodo, Somdnni, 

Dhimdl, Sdrikd, 

Kocch, Samdn, 

Garo, Gakshan, 

Kdchdri, Card, 



% 

•3 



Caret, 
, Caret, 
, Caret. 
Caret, 
Caret, 
, Tode, 
, Matam, 
. . Madamka, 
, , Neing-sudb. 
, , Omanddk, 
, , Caret, 
, , Ram, 

Burman (written)^ . , Yyd, 

Burman {spoken), ..." Yyd^ pyathl, 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Pe, ' 

Kimi, Phddd. 

Kdmi, Kampo, 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Caret. 

Sdk, Caret, 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



^ \ 






Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shdn, . . . 
Annamitic, 



Khataithi, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Sau-pyay, 

Pyi, 

Bang. 



Siamese, Hpen, 

Ahom, Caret, 

Khdmti, Caret, 

Laos, Carei. 

Ho(Kol), .... Caret, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Mitaultgia, 

Santdli, Mih-sdungy chdpa4a; 

Bhiimij, Morsom, (kdrahd-te and 

Urdon, Chapti, \ bMt-dute (to 

Mundala, Chaptia, [level). 

Rdjraahali, .... Bardbar, 

Gondi, NapMral manddnur, neli, 

Gayeti, ..... Caret, 

Rutluk, NichoiXo^), 

Naikude, Dubrak (low). 

Kolami, Uiten (low). 

Midi, Pedal {\oyf). 

MMa, Caret, 

Kuri, //a (low). 

Keikidi, Gidda (low), 

Khond, Rosarola, 

Sdvara, Samangadeie, 

Gadaba, Sadunugddulta, 

Yerukala, Sadanu, 

Chentsu, Chekuno, chakkakini, 

' Tamil, anc, .... A4ara. 

Tamil, mod, .... Tattaiydna, 

Malaydjma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malayijma, mod., . . Paranna, 

Telugu, Tattena, 

Kai^it^a, anc., . . Caret, 

Kariji^l^aka, mod., . . Chappa(e, 

Tujuva, Caret 

Kuigi, Caret. 

Toijuva,) .... Caret. 

To^ j . . . . Caret. 

Kdta^ Caret. 

Ba^fliga, Caret. 

Kttiuudiiky » • • 4 Carets 

IniK * Oo^^* 

MfilAu^ ..... SktftkL 

. . mau. 







Digitized by 



Google 



174 



BON— GUT— GOOD— DOBRY— BONUS. 



[chap, v.— adjectives. 



Types. 



I 



^ 



•I 
I 



I 
I 






•^ (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish. 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 



I 
I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahu{, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {ivritten\ 

Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Giirung, 

Miiraii, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Yikha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong. 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Ddmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

f Ddrhi, . 

Denwdr, 

Pahri, . 

Chepkng, 

Bhrimu, 

Vdyu, . 

Kuswar, 

Kusunda, 
[ Th^, . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



Sddhu, bhadra, dryya s' ub/ia , 
Tayyib, kheir. 

On. 
Hywd, 

Eyl, 

Sony-yey, 

Kargi, 

Ssain, 

Sain, 

BeML 

Sake. 

Bdyik, 

Hdou, 
Ildou, 
Ho, 
Ilau. 
Ho. 
Yoi. 

Sharo. 

Houk/wu, houtu 

Kasne. 

Lihuni. 

Deundah. 

Ndi. 

Chhdng-bene. 

Gdye-gnor. 

Bazdngpo, 

Yappo, 

Lemu. 
Rimso. 
Saba. 
Jdba. 
Gyepche. 
A'sbd. 

Bdhiyay niko. 
Bhing. 
Nohba, kenohba. 

Nuhva. 

NyOy kregne. 

NuwOy nuwochi. 

Nuno. 

Nada, nat, natkni. 

Nu^ kkupunu, amway i, 

Nuha. 

jDuc/w. 

No, noiy noyu. 

Nyupa. 

Nyuba. 

Nuye, mikchia ;^ nukmiha.^ 

Nuyu-kha. 

Nunc, nup. 

Ni. 

Nyupa. 

Nyupa. 

Nu ; nuehie ;^ ndman'nu.^ 

Niko. 

Sajhd. 

Bhingguhma. 

Pito. 

Gddo. 

Nuh'kdmo, nuHkanw. 

Bhala. 

Waiyaki. 

Niman, badhai. 

Aryum, ryumbo. 
Lenw. 



\ 



I 









4 



Bodo, 


Gham, ghdm. 


Dhinidl, .... 


. Elkd. 


Kocch, .... 


. BMla. 


Garo, 


Penem. 


Kdchdri, .... 


. Gahum^ gham. 


Munipuri, . . . 


. Aphabd. 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 


. MaiU. 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


Mailunke. 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


. Aro\ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Viwe. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


Asan. 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


Tatsong. 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


Chongkolo. 


Abor Miri, . . . 


Aidu. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Aida. 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


Chttrini. 


Singpho, .... 


Gajd. 


' Burman {written). 


. Kong 


Burman {spoken), . . 


Kaung, kaufigthi. 


Khyeng v. Shou,' . 


. Be. 


Kdmi, 


. Hui. 


Ktimi, 


. Hani. 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


Card. 


Sik, 


. Caret. 


' Talain v. Mon, . . 


. KM. 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


. Gha. 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. Ghi. 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


. Heu. 


Shdn, ..... 


. Liyau. 


Annamitic, . . . 


. m. 


Siamese, .... 


. m, liyouk. 


Ahom, 


. Di. 


Khdmti, .... 


. Ni. 


Laos, 


. Dl. 


' Ho (Kol), . . . 


. Bugi. 


Kol (Singhbhum), . 


. Bugi, bhdge, bhugi, manjdk^ 


Santdli, .... 


. Bugi. [sirdh-bdrdk. 


Bhiimij, .... 


. Bugi. 


Urion, .... 


. Besri. 


Mundala, .... 


. Bogi. 


Rdjniahali, . . . 


. Cru. 


Gondi, 


. Besmanda, chokat. 


Gayeti, .... 


. Caret. 


Rutluk, .... 


. Tisa. 


Naikude, .... 


Berindod. 


Kolami, .... 


Dadam. 


Midi, 


. Besh, nehenay neinatu. 


Mddia, .... 


Ne/iana. 


Kuri, 


. Awal. 


Keikddi, .... 


. Nalla. 


Khond, .... 


Nekkdnju. 


Sdvara, .... 


Ampase. 


Gadaba, .... 


Jalem. 


Yerukala, . . . . 


Nalla. 


Chentsu, .... 


Achhdye^ bhdld. 


^ Tamil, anc, . . . . 


Caret. 


Tamil, mod., . . . . 


Nalla. 


Malaydlma, anc, . . 


Caret. 


Malaydima, mod., . . 


Nana, nallam. 


Telugu,' 


Manchi, chokdtamu, bdgu. 


Karndtaka, anc, . . 


Caret. 


Karnataka, mod., . . 


Olle, cheluva. 


Tujuva, 


Eddattano. 


Kurgi, 


Nallad. 


Toduva,) . . . . 
Toda, ]*.... 


Caret. 


Vulti. 


K6ta, 


Voile. 


Badaga, 


Voile. 


Kurumba, . . . . 


Voile. 


Irul'a, 


Ndlla. 


Malabar, 


NaUa. 


Sinhalese, 


Honda. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] 



GRAND— GROSS— GREAT— VELIKY—GRANDIS. 



175 



Types. 



•B (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



1 

} 



Bask, . . . 
Finnic, . . 
Magyar, . . 
Turkish, . . 
Circassian, . 
Georgian, . 
Mongolian, . 
Mantshu, . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese^ Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



^ 
2 



I 



I 
I 

I 



^ 

V 



I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, . . 



' Gydmi, . . 

Gydrung, . . 

Tdkpa, . . 

Mdnyak, . . 

Thochii, . . 

Sokpa, . . . 

Horpa, . . 

Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan {spoknt\ 

'Seq)a, . . . 

Sdnwdr, . . 

Giirung, . . 

Miirmi, . . . 

Magar, . . 

Thdksya, . . 

Pikhya, . . 

Newdr, . . 

Limbu, . . 



' Kirdnti, . . 
Rodong, . . 
Rdngchenbung, 
Chhingtiingya, 
Ndchhereng, . 
Wdling, . . 
Ydkha, . . 
Chourdsya, . 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, . 
Bdhingya, . . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . . 
Sdng-pdng, . 
Ddmi, . . . 
KMling, . . 
Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . . 

Denwdr, . . 

Pahri, . . . 

Chepdng, . . 






Mahat, vrihaty prithu ; 
Kabir, \bahu (many). 

Andi^ aundi, larri^ cskei-ge^ 

Suuri, \ordongo. 

Nagy, 

Leuyuk. 

Asudety bahsh, 

Didu 

Seghe. 

Amba, 

Gede, 

Hageng. 

Basdr, 

Ta. 

Ta. 

Tdu 

Tu. 

Tod, 

Oku 

Caret. 

Td-ti. 

KahtP. 

Thenbo. 

Kah-kah. 

Pwi-tha, 

rkhi. 

Kamthu. 

ChhenpOj ^bornbo, 

Bombo. 

Girbu. 

Kol-sotu. 

Thebd. 

Gndjdng. 

Krdncho. 

Theba. 

Thulo. 

Taugo^ ta-gu. 

Yomba. 

ITtoydng. 

KOy mahipmdy mahippa. 

Utokpang, utu'apang. 

Thekhd. 

U'mdheppay yetikholcho. 

Aiok'pa. 

Mdkna. 

Kholbo. 

Dheppa. 

Dokpu. 

Gnolo. 

Dhedy deha, dhechia, miha. 

Theiiyukkhay theuyuk, 

Dhepa. 

Umdheppa. 

Gholpa, 

Ghdipa. 

Dhlgp, dhi; dhichi ;^ mad- 

Caret. ^^^"^'^ 

Card. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Oxrd. 









I 



I 









K 

h 

S 
.Q 

^ 



Bodo, . . . 

Dhimdl, . . 

Kocch, . . 

Garo, . . . 

Kdchdri, . . 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 



Burman (written), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . . . 
KUmi, . . . 
Mni V. Toung. 
Sdk, . . .' 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thii, . 
Shdn, . . . 
Annamitic, . 
Siamese, . . 
Ahom, . . . 
Khdmti, . . 
Laos, . . . 



Ho (Kol), . 
Kol (Singhbhi 

Santdli, . . 

Bhdmij, . . 

Urion, . . 

Mundala, . . 

Rdjmahali, . 

Gondi, . . . 

Gayeti, . . 

Rutluk, . . 

Naikude, . . 

Kolami, . . 

Midi, . . . 

Mddia, . . 

Kuri, . . . 

Keikddi, . . 

Khond, . . 

Sdvara, . . 

Gadaba, . . 

Yerukala, . . 

Chentsu, . . 



Tami], anc, . 
Tamil, mod., . 
Malay dim a, anc. 
Malaydima, mod 
Telugu,* . . 
Kar^taka, anc, 
Kar^dtaka, mod. 
Tujuva, . . 
Kurgi, . . . 
Toijuva,) . 
Toija, ; . 
K6ta, . . . 

SJI{1lSlbs^ • 



Snhatese^. 



Mahat. 

Dhamkd. 

Bada. 

Go'dd. 

Gidet. 

Caret. 

Achungy nau. 
Yong-nong. 
Tahpetiau. 
Jopur. 
Adong. 
Taluiu. 
Tape. 
Bote. 
A'ttaddk. 
Am-chd-dini. 
Gubd. 

Kri. 

Kyi, kyokthi. 

Lett. 

Leng. 

Len. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Thanot. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Tan. 
Youhk. 
Lon. 

Ka/ohn, luang, yai. 
Long 
Lungy yaii. 
Luang, yai. 

Marang. 

Mdrang, 

Mdrang, ndpadd, hdpat^d. 

Hisso mdrang. 

Kohd. 

Mdrang. 

Bevo. 

Fada, paror, mota. 

Sajor. 

Jetan. 

Dahud, dodo. 

Gubanda. 

Bedha, beraha, perama. 

Caret. 

Kat, gad. 

Bardu. 

Deranju. 

Gogp. 

Mudo. 

Berudu. 

Badakd. 

Caret. 

Periya. 

Caret. 

Valiya, periya. 

Pedda. 

Caret. 

Do44(^ 

Mallow. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Etud. 

Da44a. 

Dc44a. 

Ih44a. 

Do^a. 

Bsria. 

Mahm. 







176 



VERT^GRUN— GREEN— ZELENG—VIRIDIS. 



fCHAP. V. — ADJECTIVES. 



Types, 

^ (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, 

' Bask, . 
Finnic, 
Magyar, 
Turkish, 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian. 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



1 



^ 1 



«i; 



2 



^ 

^ ' 



I 



I 

I 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {^uritten), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Sdnwdr, 

Giining, 

Mdraii, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

New^, 

Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Yikha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bihingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
KhdUng, . 
Dungmili, 

r Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrlmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thiru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
BhUtini v. Lhopa, 



Harit, hart, pald^a. 
Akhdar, 

Berde^ferde, 
IViherid. 
Zii/d. 
Yeshil, 
S/ik/iantey, 
Mtsi^ani, 
Nogon, 
NiokhotL 
Hijo. 
Hijcm. 
Hijau. 

Luh, 

Lii, 

Luk, 

Lbh. 

Lek. 

Aui. 

Caret. 

LigdL 

Karmydk, 

Chdngu. 

Chugindo. 

ZydngM, 

Kho^kho, 

Jhdngu, 

Hjdngkhu, 

Jhdngu, 

Nummo. 
Gigi, 
U'rkyd. 
Pingai. 

Fhiphi dancho. 
Phin, 
Hariyo. 
Wdwon. 
Lehia/ 

Chakla, 

Hariyo, 

Hariyo, 

Chakla, 

Hariyo, 

Chakla, 

Phina, 

Sisijokcho, sisijoma. 

Gigipa. 

Gigim, 

Gigim, 

Phlye, 

Caret, 

Phiphipa, 

Caret, 

Wdlu, 

Gigima, 

Makfpo kekCy 

Haryo, 
Harro, 
Wonwondha, 
Phelto, 
Siksik. 
Ginungmi, 
Hardidlo, 
Hariyo, 
Hariyer, 

Phung-phong, 
Nhyambo, 



makpokeka^ 
\kac/ti,* 






^ 
■^ 



tt) 



I 



I 



'I 

i 



I 
I 



' Bodo, .... 
Dhimdl, . . . 
Kocch, . . . 
Garo, .... 
Kdchdri, . . . 

' Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdrai Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong Ni^d, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

Burman {iLnittcn), 
Burman {spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kiimi, .... 
Mni v. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 

' Talain v. Mon, . 
Sgau-karen, . . 
Pwo-karen, . . 
Toungh-thu, . . 
Shdn, .... 
Annamitic, . . 
Siamese, . . . 
Ahom, .... 
Khdmti, . . . 
Laos, .... 



Ho (Kol), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 

Santdli, . . . 

Bhdmij, . . . 

Urdon, . . . 

Mundala, . . . 

Rdjmahali, . . 

Gondi, . . . . 

Gayeti, . . . 

Rutluk, . . . 

Naikude, . . . 

Kolami, . . . 
Mddi, .... 

Mddia, . . . 
Kuri, .... 

Keikddi, . . . 

Kho^d, . . . 

Sdvara, . . . 

Gadaba, . . . 

Yenikala, . . . 

Chentsu, . . . 



Tamil, anc, . 
Tamil, mod., . 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod., 
Telugu,* . . . 
Karndtaka, anc, . 
Karadtaka, mod., 
Tuluva, . . . 
Kurgi, .... 
Toduva,) . . 
Toda, I . . 
K(5ta, .... 
Badaga, . . . 
Kurumba, . . 
Irula, .... 
Malabar, . . . 
Sinhalese, . . . 



Samsram, khdngshur. 

Nclpd, 

Hara. 

Heng jeleng. 

Goshum (blue). 

Napu. 

Caret, 

Card, 

Shim-puluk, 

Kapaje, 

Ahing. 

Tacham. 

Tacham. 

Caret. 

Geddk, 

Pijoni, 

Ketsing. 

Chim. 

Being, tseinthi. 

Nau, 

Maeinsin, 

Kanhdn, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Hnentanyii, 
Lah, 
Yi. 
Lhig. 
Chyo. 
Xan, 

Khayo, kheau, 
Kyi, 
Khyen, 
Kheau, 

Gdde, 

Gadesosang, 
Hdli, hariyar. 
Gade sosang. 
Harria. 
Harridr. 
Kenkajro. 
Haro, hirawa. 
Kache. 
Hariro. 
Pachand, 
Pachchi, 
Arta^ artana, 
Hariyal, 
Hara. 
Pasuru, 
Caret, 

Voldmbididakuvu, 
Volempatstsa, 
Ya/dtstsdggo. 
HarihjaJ^ sabuniya. 

Caret, 

Pachcheiy pasu. 

Caret, 

Pachcha. 

Akupachcha^ pachcha. 

Caret, 

Hasuru, 

Pachche, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Paje. 

Paje, 

Hase, 

Hose, 

Pdj'e, 

Pachei. 

Kolapdfa, 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] 



BEAU— SCHON— HANDSOME— KRASIVY-PULCHER. 



177 



Types. 

•<: (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 



1 



^ 



2 



I 

s 

I 



Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish,. . . . 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, labro. 



SurUpa, rupavaty sugdira, 
Jamil, 

Eder^ galanty polity ficho, 

Kaunis, 

Szep, 

Guzd, 

Dahshey, 

Lamasi. 

Isala, 

AmbaJlingu, 

Bogus, 

Bogus, 

Eiok. 

Hdou-yangwoh, 

Hdou-yangwoh, 

Hh-yeong-tszc, 

CJCu-hau-kiin, 

Sui, 

Kirem, 



Gydmi, . . . 

Gyirung, . . . 

Tdkpa, . . . 

Mdnyak, . . . 

Thochil, . . . 

Sokpa,. . . . 

Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan {.written), 
Tibetan {spokm), . 

Serpa, . . . . 

Siinwdr, . . . 

Giirung, . . . 

MiSrmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Th^sya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



Kirinti, . . . 

Rodong, . . . 
Riingchenbung, . 

Chhingtdngya, . 

Ndchhereng, . . 

Wilmg, . . . 

Ydkha, . . . 

Chourdsya, . . 

Kulungya, . . 

Thulungya, . . 

Bdhingya, . . . 

Lohorong, . . 

Lambichhong, . 

Bdldli, . . . . 

Sdng-pdng, . . 

EhSmi, . . . . 

Khdling, . . . 

, Dungn^ . . 

fD^hi, . . . . 

Denwkr, . , . 

Pahri, . . . . 

Chepki%. . . 

BhrttBo* . • . 



Houti, 

Kumchiir, 

Lihtimi, gnomdno. 

PhyunpM, 

Ria//. 

Chdng-bene, 

Kamsyur, 

DsesmOy %h^po, 

Jebo, 

LemOy simbu. 

Rimso, 

Saba, 

Brot-khdbo. 

ShecJuja, 

BostUy mhikyohepd, 

Rdtnro, 

BdtOd, 

NohvOy kenokva, 

Khdn^kvo, 
Khannydy sangnyo, 
Khdng-niwo, 
Uchununo, 
Khan-ndda, 
Khang'nli, 
IchcMnuna, 
Rdncho, 
Gnali nUpo, 
fyqpa, 

Riniba^ -dadsiy^ -dod.^ 
Kamniiye, 
IP chuniiyukha. 
Khennufig. 
Khdnni, 
Bharigpa, 
Bhat^pa. 
KhdrntUy khannu^hi,^ 

Rdmro, 

Caret, 

Ba^giaiguAma, 



tusyen. 



HUam^* . . . 



I 






I 



I 



I 



' Bodo, Majdfigy mojdng, 

Dhimdl, Remkd, dka i^), 

Kocch, Songot, 

Garo, Nemd, 

Kichdri, Moojung, 

' Munipuri, .... Aphujaba, 

Mfthin Ndgd, . . . Caret, 

Tablung Ndgd, . . . Caret, 

Khdri Ndgd, .... Kubaitaro, 
Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Visu, 

Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . Asand, 

Nowgong N^gd, . . Kdftgatsong, 

Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Chirngt/uifig. 

Abor Miri, .... Kompodo, 

Sibsigar Miri, . . . Kdngkdne, 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Ichubare, 

Singpho, Jdsoi, 

' Burman {.written), , . Lha, 

Burman {spoken), . , . Lhd^ hlothl, 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Paui. 

Kdmi, Anon, 

Kdmi, Hoi, 

Mnl V. Toung, . . . Caret, 

.Sdk, Caret. 

' Talain v. Mon, . . . Gau, 

Sgau-karen, .... Akhwibah^pkivahghd, 

Pwo-karen, .... Khwilah, 

Toungh-thu, .... Tdrd, 

Shin, Hanlin, 

Annamitic, .... Sdk, 

Siamese, Ngdm^ hanlan, 

Ahom, Khyeng, 

Khimti, Ngdm, 

Laos, Ngdm, 

Ho(Kol), .... B^nelloted, 

Kol (Smghbhum), . . B^ilika, 

Santdli, Jantar, mdhity manjdk^ 

Bhiimij, BitgiMri, \sogho4, 4oL 

Urdon, Besre, 

Mundala, Bes, 

Rijmahali, .... Critgdre. 

Goij^i, Sajari, 

Gayeti, Caret, 

Rutluk, NehtHy lachkut, 

Naikude, Dadapota. 

Kolami, Daddpon, 

Midi, Beshmwkhamiy karkal, 

Midia, Nehana, 

Kuri, Chajar, 

Keikddi, NaUa, 

Khoi^d, Caret, 

Sdvara, Ambasanate, 

Gad aba, Limmokkd, 

Yerukala, NaUa, 

Chentsu, Bhalidfiy sundor, 

Tamil, anc, .... Azhakiya {alakiya), 

Tamil, mod., .... AzhakdnaySaundariyamdna, 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Azhakufia, 

Telugu, Andamainay chakkani, 

Kar^it^ka, anc, . . Caret, 

Kar^it^a, mod., . . Chehtva. 

Tuluva, Eddattano. 

Kmgi, Caret 

To<Juva,| .... NarradodL 

To<b, ) . • . . Ndrthtu 

Eldta, Pasane^ singara, 

Baraga, Sif^gara. 

EnfitiiilMy • « * • Sh^gora, 

Iw|a» A^iik 

Ibfabftf^ * . • • * AUiu^ ^iakdna, 
SfaihatesC) 







•s^ 



. . Digitized by V:jOOQ[C 



'Jl.sS-.f fi\lh-'>- 



178 



CHAUD— HEISS— HOT— GORYACHY— CALIDUS. [chap, v.— adjectives. 



S!» 



1, 



I 



I 



I 
I 

.8 



I 

I 



Types. 

••| (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, . 
Gyirung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
ThochiS, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {writtml 
Tibetan (spok4m), 

Serpa, . . 

Siinwdr, . 

Giirung, . 

Miirmi, . 
Magar, 

Thiksya, . 

Pdkhya, . 
Newir, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 
RiSngchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
WdUng, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdisya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bihingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sing-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepkng, . 
Bhrimu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thiru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 



Ushna, chanda^ 
Hdrry hdmi. 



santapta^ 

\tdpt. 



BerOy herotsu^ beroti, berodun. 

Palawa. 

Forro. 

Sijak, 

Pa/tbey, 

Datskha, 

Khalaghen. 

Khalkhon, 

Pannas. 

Pannas, 

AngaL 

/eh, nwan, 
Jo, nwan. 
It, niin, 
Nie/L 
fodh, 
Atsui, 

Basu7ti. 

RedL 

Kasst, kavassu 

GroTHo, 

Cheche, 

SL 

Hdlon, 

Cheche, 

Tshdpo, dropo. 

Chdbo, 

Tenmo, 

Hoso, 

Kro-ba, 

Lepd, 

Khan-chc. 

Lhap. 

Tdto. 

Khwd, 

Keg(hba, 

Kuydng, 

Kurekwa, Mreko. 
Kuko, kumangwa. 
Ku-no, 
Semi 7va, 
Kttyang, 
Ku-ha, 
Tdto, 
Hoke. 
Glyogiem. 

Gleglem, -dadsi;^ -daa.^ 
Kuse, ku, kukchia. 
Kuyu, kHyukha. 
Kune, ku. 
Hdki,piLiti. 
Wdl, hoi. 
Glogloma. 
Ku, kuchie^ maku.^ 

Tdto. 
Tdto. 

Kwdguhma. 
Dhdto. 
U'dum. 
/eta. 
Tdto. 
Bhrok. 
Chuhan. 

Arhum, rhumbo. 
Ten mo. 



I 

•k 



\ 



4 



•<5 

I 

h 






I 



<s 



I 

I 



' Bodo, Gliding. 

Dhiindl, Chdkd,sddka. 

Kocch, Gorom. 

Garo, Gutting. 

Kdchdri, Gudung. 

' Munipuri, Asdba. 

Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Kham. 

Tablung Ndgd, . . . Shem. 
KhdriNdgd,. . . . Tetsd. 

Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Khakwu. 

Ndmsdng Nagd,. . . Akhdm. 
Nowgong Ndgd, . . Tatsok. 

Tengsa Ndgd, . . . Lamme. 
Abor Miri, . . . . Gudorong. 

Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Gundme. 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Kaini. 

Singpho, Kdihd. 

Burman {written)^ . . Pi/. 

Burman {spoken\ . . . Pu, puthl. 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Kholdk. 

Kdmi, Bl. 

Kdmi, Bi. 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Card. 

Sdk, Caret. 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Rata. 

Sgau-karen, .... Ko. 

Pwo-karen, .... Tserku. 

Toungh-thu, .... Kheu. 

Shdn, Meik. 

Annamitic, .... Nbng. 

Siamese, Pon, met. 

Ahom, Pan, lut. 

Khdmti, Hon, mat, liit. 

Laos, Hon. 

Ho(Kol), .... Lolo. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Lolo. 

Santdli, Lolo, setong, uragum. 

BhiSmij, Gumdr. 

Urdon, Biddh. 

Mundala, Balhaltan. 

Rdjmahali, .... Kumi. 

Gopdi, Kdstai, kastd. 

Gayeti, Kastal. 

Rutluk, Kasta. 

Naikude, Ukhadd. 

Kolami, SUur. 

Mddi, Kasta, kasinta. 

Mddia, Kasta. 

Kuri, Ij)lor. 

Keikddi, Udku. 

Khond, Rum^irumam. 

Sdvara', Toggayi. 

Gadaba, Gechem. 

Yerukala, Vu^uku. 

Chentsu, /o^^y tapta. 

Tamil, anc, .... Veyya. 

Tamil, mod., .... Suta, kaivulla, veppamdna. 

Malaydlma, anc., . . Caret. 

Malaydjma, mod., . . CMfa. 

Telugu, Vedi, uduku. 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 

Karndtaka, mod., . . BisL 

Tuluva, Sekhe. 

Kurgi, Bekkd. 

Toduva,) .... Card. 

Toda, ) . . . . KdsH, kdsviji. 

K6ta, ITri. 

Badaga, Uri, bisse. 

Ku|nmba, .... Bisse. 

Iruja, Kdja. 

Malabar, SMu. 

Sinhalese, U'sne. 



Digitized by 



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CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] LONG— LANG— LONG (of a Thing)— dolgy—longus. 



179 



Types. 

(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



1 



a 






I 



f 



a 



I 



I 



I 



Bask, 

Finnic, . . . . 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish,. . . . 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Kxama, . 
Malay, .... 



Dirgha, 
TdwlL 

Luze, 

JPitkd, 

Hosszu, 

Uzoen, 

Kakha, 

Gridzalu 

Urtu. 

Gulmin, 

l)awa, 

Fanjang, 

Panjang. 

Ch'ang, 

C/Cang. 

Ch'eang, 

Dzdng. 

Tng 

Nagai, 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Gwand, 

Gydmi, TMngti. 

Gyirung, Kasri, 

Tdkpa, J^ingbo. 

Minyak, Shdshd. 

ThochiS, Drith^, 

Sokpa, ITrthu, 

Horpa, Kachi, 

Tibetan {wrUtm), . . Ringpo. 

Tibetan {spoken), . . . Rimbo. 

Serpa, . . . . . . Rimbo, 

SiSnwdr, Joso, 

GiSrung, Rhimba. 

MiSrmi, Ren^a. 

Magar, Lotcho, 

ThiUcsya, Hrimba, 

Pdkhya, Ldmo, 

Newdr, Taha^ taha, 

Limbu, Kemba, 

Kirdnti, Mentd, 

Rodong, Kile, 

Riingchenbung, . . . Akibang^ amyetpang^ tnetta, 

Chhingtdngya, . . . Ketnehno, 

Ndchhereng, .... Bdipa^ repa. 

Wiling, Badhemety rhinbo, 

Ydkha, Kena, 



Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, . 
Bdhingya, . . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
BdUli, . . . 
S4ng-pdng, . 
Dtimi, 



HiUbOy yotihicho, 
Wadbhdipa, 
Dhyupa, 
Jhoiba, 
Keye^ kibe, 
Keyuky keyukkha. 
Kepa, 
Mdipa, 
Songpa, 



Khdling, Scr^pa, 

Dungmdli, .... Ki^ kicfu^^ makigacMe,^ 

Ddrhi, Zdma, 

Denwdr, Ldmo. 

Pahri, TUkdgu. 

Chepkng, Car€t. 

l^rlora, K^ivo^ alhok, 

ykl% PMnta. 

.... Lima. 



Tiling, 






I 

I 
I 



h 

I 



I 

h 



Bodo, Galau, 

Dhim^ Rhinkd, 

Kocch, Ldmba, 

Garo, Fillo. 

Kichdri, Gojo, 



I 

s 

I 






ifi>£iNi%-. 









Ashangba, 
, Lo, 
Lau, 
Tilhaun, 
, Josii, 
, Alo, . 
. Talang, 
, , Ldngkolo. 
, . Baddolo, 
. . Aidrddk. 
. , Lui, 
. . Gdlu. 

Burman {writtm\ . . Rhin, 

Furman (spokm)^ , . . She^ shakthi. 

KJiyeng v. Shou, . . Sou, 

Kimi, Sd, 

KiSmi, Asouk, 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Caret, 

Sik, Caret, 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthin Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Nigd, . 
Ndmsing Nigd, . 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa N^d, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shin, . . . 
Annamitic, 



Kalein, 

'Taw, 

'Lau, 

irto. 

Young, 
Dai, 



Siamese, Young, ydu, 

Ahom, Zefau, 

Khimti, Ydu, 

Laos, Ydu, 

fHo(Kol), .... Jiiling, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . filling, 

Santili, felengy jhaila, 

BhiSmij, Baroa, jiiling, 

Urion, Digha, 

Mundala, Ji^i^g' 

Rijmahali, .... Digaro, 

Gondi, Latnba, leior, 

Gayeti, Caret, 

Rutluk, Leior, 

Naikude, Podam, 

Kolami, Pudam, 

Midi, Lakhu, lati. 

Midia, Caret, 

Kuri, Giling, 

Keikidi, Wasara, 

Khond, Lambdjdmu, 

Sivara, Jelo, 

Gadaba, Tiyydr, 

Yerukala, Vasaram, aragam, 

Chentsu, Vuneho, namotd, 

Tamil, anc., .... Niliya, 

Tamil, mod., .... Nin^a, nedu, 

Malayilma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malayijma, mod., . . Mmfa, 

Telugu, Ni4upu, podugu, 

Kar^itaka, anc, . . Caret, 

Kar^ifaka, mod., . . Udda, 

Tuluva, Udda, 

Kuigi, Caret, 

To<Juva,> .... Caret. 

To^ia, I . . . . JNirigUi. 

K6Xb^ Uddame. 

BadagiL Udda. 

Kcqramba, .... Udda. 

Irak^ Uddya. 

Milfibari Nediafdnda. 

fBnlwkiiei IHga. 




■ 'w^'is 



^-■Mr. 



, : Digitized by 



Google 



i8o 



CRU— ROH— RAW (GreExNt)— SUIROI— CRUDUS. [chap, v.— adjectives. 



Types, 

•\ (Sanskrit, 
'^ (Arabic, . 



1 



Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish,. . . . 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 









4 

I 



S 



I 



A ma, apaki>a. 
Fajj. 

Gordirty gordiii, 

Uusi, 

A zeros. 

Kham, 

Tzinney. 

Medli, 

Tohukd, 

Magdakha-akho. 

Mentah, 

Mentah. 

Mantah, 

Sang. 

Shang. 

Shang. 

Sdngy veh'Zoh. 

Chin, 

Nama, 






I 

I 

I 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahul, Caret, 

Gydmi, My&pM. 

Gydning, Makasmdn. 

Tikpa, Machoso. 

Mdnyak, Demdmi. 

ThochiS, Amin, 

Sokpa, Chhikthe. 

Horpa, NumdlumsL 

Tibetan {written), . . Caret. 

Tibetan {spoken), . . . Zyembo. 

Serpa, Zyenba. 

Siinwdr, Cheripla. 

Giirung, A'miva. 

MiSrmi, Chinga. 

Magar, Mibil. 

Thdksya, Atehebd. 

Pdkhya, Kdcho, 

Newdr, . . . . . Kachi. 

Limbu, KOIehla, 

Kirdnti, U'chiva, 

Rodong, Moy ummo. 

Riingchenbung, . . . IVomdng, umdng. 

Chhingtdngya, . . . Umdng, 

Ndchhereng, .... Mdpe. 

Wdling, Umpdwa. 

Ydkha, Nusiimha. 

Chourdsya, .... Krdbo, 

Kulungya, .... Mamtumkhapa, mamdupa. 

Thulungya, .... Uchdkhli, 

Bdhingya, Achekhli. 

Lohorong, .... Mentumpa, mdkampa. 

Lambichhong, . . . Hingli, hingii-kha. 

Bdldli, Mdtupti, 

Sing-pdng, .... Matidu, mansetndchi. 

Diimi, ITsi^ta. 

Khdling, U'sUta, 

Dungmdli, .... Ummdng. 

Ddrhi, Kdcho. 

Denwdr, Caret. 

Pahri, Kazhignhma, 

Chepdng, Caret. 

Bhrdmu, Pon, 

Vdyu, Chalamo. 

Kuswar, Kdcho, 

Kusunda, Ben, 

Thdru, Kdcha, 



Lepcha (Sikkim), . 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, . 



Azeu, zeubo. 
Mdchobo, 



•p 


Bodo, . . 








Gathdng, 




r 


Dhimdl, . . 






Sinkhd, 




^. 


Kocch, . . 






Kd^hha, kancha. 




'^ 


Garo, . . . 






Piting 




'k 


Kichdri, . . 






Gotung. 






Munipuri, . . 






Asun^a, 




\ 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . 




Caret, 




Tablung Ndgd, . 




Caret. 




Khdri Ndgd, . . 




Tachim. 




% 


Angirai Ndgd, . 




Memo, 




\. 


Ndmsing Ndgd,. 




Ahifig. 




1 


Nowgong Ndjgd, 




Mdtok, tazzu. 




'i; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 




Tdi, 




■§ 


Abor Miri, . . 




Caret, 




Sibsigar Miri, . 




. Leda, 




t^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 




. Pijo. 
. Ketsing, 




<? 

g 


r Burman {written). 




Chim. 




g 


Burman {spoken), , 




Seing, tsenthi. 




^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 




. Tein, 




*- 


Kimi, . . . . 




Kdsfhl, 






KiSrai, . . . . 




. Kdnghei, 




•5 


Mni V. Toung, . 




, Caret. 




•^ 


Sdk, . . . . 
' Talain v. Mon, . 




, Caret. 

Tsentsangeet. 






Sgau-karen, . . 




. Th^ksdi, atsi. 




Pwo-karen, . . 




. Athaing, 




1 


Toungh-thu, . . 
Shdn, .... 




. Tathit, 
, Chyo. 




K ■ 


Annamitic, . . 




. Sdng 




h 


Siamese, . . . 




. Dipy chyo. 






Ahom, .... 




, Lip. 




Co 


Khj^mti, . . . 
Laos, .... 

Ho(Kol), . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), 
Santili, . . . 




. Nip. 
, Dip. 

, Caret, 
. Parol, 
. Asdra,kdsd,gdddr. 






BhiSmij, 






, Baral. 






Ui4on, 






Khma, arha. 






Mundala, 






, Berai, 






Rdjmahali 






, Kene, 






Gondi, . 






Kachchomanda, hivwo^ 


kai. 


"a 


Gayeti, 






, Kdi, 




1 


Rutluk, 






. Kacho, 




•n . 


Naikude, 






Caret. 




1 


Kolami, 






. Keik, 




a 


Mddi, . 






, Kodukela^ kaiar, kai. 




Mddia, 






. Kdyd 






Kuri, . 






, Kdch, 






Keikddi, 






. Kai. 






Khond, 






. Sa4Adf, 






Sdvara, 






Amtgna. 






Gadaba, 






, Brolukd 






Yerukala, 






Pasuru, 






Chentsu, 






. Kancho, kdchotd. 






' Tamil, ana, . . 




. Pozhdda, 






Tamij, mod., . . 




Pachchdy kdy. 






Malaydjma, anc, 




Caret, 






Malaydjma, mod., 




, Pachcha, 






Telugu,' . . . 




. Pachchiy kdya. 






Kanjitaka, anc, 




Caret, 




1 


Kamdtaka, mod.. 




. Hasiy kdydda. 




1 


Tujuva, . . . 




. Paj'e, 




« - 


Kurgi, . . 






, Pachche. 




-< 


Toduva,) 
Toda, ; 






, Caret, 




1 






, Paji, 




^ 


K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 






, Paje. 
. Hdse. 
. Hdsu. 
. Paje, 
Pachd, 






Sinhalese, 








Amu, 


1 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.J 



ROUGE— ROTH— RED— KRASNY—RUFUS. 



l8l 



Types. 

VQ (Sanskrit, 
"l^ (Arabic, . 



1 



Bask, . . . . , 
Finnic, . . . , 
Magyar, ... 
Turkish, . . . , 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Kxama, . 
Malay, . . . , 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Khisun, 



Rakta^ lohita^ rohita, 
Ahmar, 

Gorri, 
Punainen, 
Veres. 
KiziL 
Tlishi. 
Tsithdi, 
Ulagan, 
Fulgiyan, 
Habang, 
Habrit. 
Merah, 

Hung, 
Hung, 

Hung. 

Ang. 

AkaL 






I 



S 



Gydmi, . . . 
Gydrung, . . . 
Tikpa, . . . 
Minyak, . . . 
Thochd, . . . 
Sokpa, .... 
Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan (tvritun), 
Tibetan (spckm), . 






Serpa, . 

Sdnwdr, 

GiSrung, 

Mdrmi, 

Magar, 

Thiksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 



I 

I 



Kirdnti, . . . 

Rodong, . . . 
RiSngchenbung, . 

Chhingtdngya, . 

Ndchhereng, . . 

Wdlmg, . . . 

Yikha, . . . 

Chourdsya, . . 

Kulungya, . . 

Thulungya, . . 

Bihingya, . . . 

Lohorong, . . 

Lambichhong, . 

Bdldli, . . . . 

Sdng-pdng, . . 
Dtimi, .... 

Khdling, . . . 

Dungmili, . . 

fDdrhi, . . . . 
Denwdr, . . . 
Pahri, .... 
Chepdng, . . . 
Bhiimu, . . . 
V£y«, .... 
KnBwar, . . . 
Kusiiiidft, « , . 






Khongdi. 

Kave/ni, 

Leu, 

Dani, 

Shidzi, 

Uldn, 

Gtngi. 

^mUkpo, 

Mdrpo, 

Marpo. 
Lola, 

Wolkya, 

Bdla, 

Gydcho, 

Wold 
Rdio, 
Hyoun, 
K^hdla, 

Hdld Idwd, 
HipaJdma. 

Haiald-mangy hala-chakma, 
HcUacheknia, 
Halaldpa, 

Hdrchhokmay halachakchak, 
Phdna, 
Lakachima, 
Halaldpa, 
Ldldm, 
Ldldm, 

Har'rdy -chia^ -miha,^ 
Wdrawdba, 
Haldpa, 
Halaldpa, 
Haldla. 
Haldldm, 
Harchhofchho, 

Raklaro. 

Raktaro. 

I^dhagu. 

Dido. 

Ph&ya. 

La$^hifigmu 

Pitta. 






I 



I 



h 

I 



.^ 

B 



Bodo, Gajdygatchd, 

Dhimdl, rkdjika, 

Kocch, ' Ldl, 

Garo, Pisak, 

Kdchdri, Caret, 



Angangpa, 
. Caret, 
Caret, 
Tamiiram, 
. MH, 
, Achak, 
, Maram, 
Malamla, 
Yalung, 
. Liiddk, 

Saru, 
, Khyeng, 

Burman (ivritten), , . Ni, 

Bunnan {spoken), . . . M, nithi, 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Sen, 

Kimi, E. 

KiSmi, Kanlein, 

MnS V. Toung, . . . Caret, 

Sdk, Caret, 



Munipuri, . . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung N^d, . 
Kh^ Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng N^i, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa N^d, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsigar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwakaren, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Sh^, . . . 
Annamitic, 



Hpakit, 
Ghaw, gdu, 
Wauh. 
Tdnya, 
Lcn, 

\yo. 



Siamese, Tat, deng, 

Ahora, Der^, 

Khimti, Ner^, 

Laos, Di^y kam. 

Ho(Kol), .... Arra, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . HessH drd, 

Santili, Ardh^ sindur, jarafig- 

BhiSmij, Bararanga, \jarang, garld 

Urdon, Khenso, [(purple). 

Mundala, Arrah, 

Rdjmahali, .... Keso, 

Gondi, Lai, 

Gayeti, BulaJ, 

Rutluk, Sundi, 

Naikude, Yerodi, 

Kolami, Yerrodi, 

Mddi, Netraliy rengal, pekieli, 

Mddia, Lxil, 

Kuri, Ratta, 

Keikidi, Yerpu, 

Khond, Geru, 

Sdvara, Soyipu, 

Gadaba, Berai4uttu, 

Yerukala, Yarradekird, 

Chentsu, Goriya, gorinla, 

' Tamil, ana, . . . . Seyya, 

Tamij, mod., .... Sivanda^ sivappu, 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malaydima, mod., . . Chuvanna, 

Telugu, Erra,yerupu, 

Kar^djaka, anc, . . Caret, 

Kar^dfaka, mod., . . Kempu, 

Tujuva, Kempu, 

Kuigi, Chondad, 



To<Juva,) 
To<Ja, ; 




Sinbatetey. 



Caret, 
KMu. 
Kembu, 
KObu. 

Jemte, 
Skfontka, 



\M::- 



^^^^• 




».-•■;■■ 



;> 






Digitized by 



Google 



l82 



MUR-REIF— RIPE— ZRYELY— MATURUS. 



[chap. v. — ADJRCTIVES. 






Types, 

(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



Fakva, 
Mustawi, 



a 



Bask, Eldu^ zori^ sasoitu^ humo, 

Finnic, Kypsi. 

Magyar, E'rett. 

Turkish, Olmush. 



I 

I 






I 



Circassian, . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, . . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 



Caret, 

Caret. 

Bolbason, 

Magdakha, 

Mateng. 

Mateng, 

Mdsak, 

Shuh, 

Shii. 

Shuk, 

Zoh. 

Sek, 

Caret, 









J 



Brahuf, Caret, 

Gydmi, PMti. 

Gydning, Kasmdn. 

Tikpa, Choso, 

Mdnyak, Demi, 

Thochii, An, min. 

Sokpa, Bdkhhen, 

Horpa, Nulumsi. 

Tibetan (written), , . Sminbo, 

Tibetan {spokm), . . . Chembo, 

'Serpa, Chobo, 

Siinwdr, Miso, 

Gdrung, Miva, 

Mdrrai, Minba, 

Magar, Mincho, 

Thdksya, Tydhejiba, 

Pikhya, Pdko, 

Newdr, Nhtngti, 

Limbu, Kusongva, 

' Kirdnti, Dan va, 

Rodong, Tupsako, mattdkowa, 

Riingchenbung, . . . Ti&mawo, 

Chhingt^gya, . . . Uthubdi, 

Ndchhereng, .... Di'i wdk, 

Wdling, Sumsa, tupsa bhangsa, 

Yikha, Usdha, tupsdha. 

Chourdsya, .... Thicho, 

Kulungya, .... Tumkhdpa, dupa, 

Thulungya, .... Thikta, thokta, 

Bdhingya, Ming'ta^jita, mimba^jiba, 

Lohorong, .... Dumempa, tumempa, 

Lambichhong, . . . Thuyuyukha^ thuyu. 

Bdldli, Tumdp, tUmpa, 

Sdng-pdng, .... Setndchi, tumako^ duwako, 

Ddmi, Mi^te, 

Khdling, Dhanipa, 

DungmiU, .... Tunisd^ tumsachie,^ 

Ddrhi, Pdko. \»><'t^'»sa* 

Denwdr, Caret, 

Pahri, Biigu, 

Chepdng, Caret. 

Bhrimu, Kiming, 

Vdyu, Minmo, 

Kuswar, Pdko, 

Kusunda, Pakog, 

Thdru, Pdkal. 



t 

5^ 



I 



I 



I 
I 



h 



•5 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni v. Lhopa, 



Amyen, myenbo. 
Chochopo, 



Bodo, . , 

Dhimil, . 
Kocch, 

Garo, . . 

Kdchiri, . 

' Munipuri, 
Mfthin Ndgd, 
Tablung Nigd, 
Khdri Ndg4, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Nigd, 
Nowgong Ndgi, 
Tengsa Ndgi, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {written), 
Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou 
Kdmi, . . 
Kdmi, . . 
MnS V. Toung, 
[Sdk, . . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu. 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 



Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhi 
Santili, . 
BhiSmij, . 
Urion, 
Mundala, . 
Rijmahab*, 
Gondi, . . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Midi, . . 
Midia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikidi, . 
Khond, . 
Sivara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



um 



' Tami], anc, 
Tamil, mod. 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malayiima, mod. 
Telugu,* . . 
Karnitaka, anc, 
Karaitaka, mod 
Tujuva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, ) 
Kdta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, 



Gamang, 

Minkd, 

Pakka, 

Papman, 

Caret, 

Amunba, 
/um. 
Vim. 
Tenhing, 
Me. 

A'chiim, 
Tdman. 
Tdman, 
Mindo, 
Minda, 
Munom, 
Min, 

Mhin, rang, 

M/Uy yeny mhaithi. 

Mhin, 

Min, 

MhUn. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

n. 

Me, amhi, 

Amaing. 

Hma, 

Ahtsot, 

Shin. 

Suk, wen, 

Pungy suk, 

Siik, 

Suk, 

Caret, 

Biriena, 

Bele^pdkat, 

Ihsinjanna, 

Panja, 

BUia, 

Panjekt, 

Putd, pandatdl. 

Pandatd, 

Pandi. 

Panditin, 

Pannu, 

Muitd, pandi, 

Padale. 

Biliye, 

Pala, pagdu. 

Mrdnutangi sendijaninju , 

Agiieufiate, 

Mdge^d, bullo, 

M^su, pandisu, 

Mugild, pakkd, 

Kaninda, 

Pazhutta (pa/utta). 

Caret, 

Pazhutta (pa/utta). 

Mdgina, pandu. 

Caret, 

Mdgida, 

Paranda, 

Caret 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Idunu, 



Digitized by 



Google 



aHAP. v.— ADJECTIVES.] 



ROND—RUND— ROUND— KRUGLY—ROTUNDUS. 



183 



Types. 



■§ (Sanskrit, 
«|, (Arabic, . 



1 
I 



I 



I 
I 






I 



Bask, 

Finnic, . . . . 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, .... 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



> 



^ 



I 



I 



^ 



s 



' Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Caret. 



Varttula, goldkdra, 
Mudawwar, \chakrdkdra, 

BoUl, biribiii. 
Ympyridinm. 
Ka^ek. 
Deghirmu 
Khurahi, 
Rekwalu 
BugarongguL 
Mugheliye. 
Bunder. 
Bunder. 
B^lat. 

Yuen. 

Yuen. 

i/n. 

Yiin. 

1% 

Marui. 



Gydmi, . . . 
Gydrung, . . . 
Tikpa, . . . 
Mdnyak, . . . 
ThochiS, . . . 
Sokpa,. . . . 
Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan (written), 
Tibetan (spoken), . 

Serpa, .... 

Sdnwdr, . . . 

Giirung, . . . 

Mdrmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

P^khya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



' Kirdnti, . . , 

Rodong, . . , 
RiSngchenbung, . 

Chhingtdngya, . 

Ndchhereng, . , 

Wdling, . . , 

Ydkha, . . , 

Chourdsya, . , 

Kulungya, . . 

Thulungya, . . 

Bdhingya, . . . 

Lohorong, . . 

Lambichhong, . 

Bdlili, . . . . 

S4ng.p^g, . . 

DdmC. . . . 

Khdling, . . . 

Dungn^ . . 

Dirhi, . . . . 

Denwfr, . . . 

Pahri, . . . . 

Chepknft • . . 



Eangdiy ydngdi. 

Kdldrlar. 

Birhi. 

Wdh<ifah. 

Ashyara. 

Caret. 

Lolo. 

TJumpo. 

Riri. 

Girmo. 

Kul-Hl. 

Phal-dong. 

Rilto. 

Dallo. 

Bhumribay ghighirbd. 

Dallo, bdtulo. 

Gog{i,gogu. 

Kitigakma. 

Aubo. 

BHplungmd. 

Boptitiwo, bopiririy hitriri. 

Kalabokbo. 

lPmkoldu,piupilpa. 

Kalabokbok. 

Kdkliktikara, piUkpiikna. 

Khitiriri, dolo. 

Jumjumpa^ pitlpilpa. 

Pup^lma. 

Pupulme. 

Pumpumma, pumpumye. 

Kdkliklikkha. 

Puklukluk. 

PkupkuTko, pupuTko. 

Pupuimu, 

Papatma. 

Un^op. 

DaHo. 
Dimro. 
Chfkfgu^ 
Caret. 









^ 



h 
I 



Bodo, DUllfitm, tolotni. 

DhinUQ, GUrtnakdy gotaka. 

Kocch, Goi. 

Garo, Goglot-ni. 

Kichiri, Caret. 






•4 



I 



' Munipuri, . . . 

Mfthdn Ndgd, . 

Tablung Ndgd, . 

Khdri Ndgd, . . 

Angdmi Ndgd, . 

Ndmsing Ndgd, . 

Nowgong Ndgd, 

Tengsa Ndgd, . 

Abor Miri, . . 

Sibsigar Miri, . 

Deoria Chutia, . 
[Singpho, . . . 



Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Meketang. 

Khruhi. 

A'tum. 

Tarang, 

Litukpu. 

Caret. 

A'tumddk. 

Tiimoru. 

Dindin. 



' Burman (written), . . \Mn. 

Burman (spoken), . . . \j)ng^ (un^ {onthi. 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . PulH. 

Kimi, Pmn. 

KiSmi, Caret. 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Caret, 

Sdk, Caret. 

' Talain v. Mon, . . . Khatoung. 

Sgau-karen, .... Caret. 

Pwo-karen, .... Caret. 

Toungh-thu, .... Tunglung. 

Shdn, Mon. 

Annamitic, .... Tron. 

Siamese, Htsly Mom. 

Ahom, Klom^ pdn. 

KMmti, Mon. 

Laos, Kom. 

•Ho(Kol), .... Gota(gotaf). 

Kol (Singhbhum), , . Dingunigia. \pdkd4 (adv.), 

Santdli, Gul&nta, right (noun), 

Bhdmij, Goldndia, gotagia. 

Urdon, Golgol. 

Mundala, Gotd. 

Rdjmahali, .... Gole. 

Go^di, Gola,gol, 

Gayeti, Wdtardl. 

Rutluk, Caret. 

Naikude, Naiore. 

Kolami, Gundu. 

Mddi, Gomma, 

Mddia, Gula. 

Kuri, Gol. 

Keikidi, Gundra. 

Khond, Caret. 

Sivara, Gudi, soldgundu. 

Gadaba, Biregundu. . 

Yerukala, Gundu. 

Chentsu, CAatan, go(ya(i. 

Tamil, ana, .... Servdna. 

Tamil, mod., .... Ttrafufa, urafufaydna. 

Malaydlma, ana, . . Caret. 

Malaydima, mod., . . Urunda. 

Telugu, Gun4u^ gumfrani. 

Karndtaka, ana, . . Caret. 

Kar^ifaka, mod., . . Gumfu. 

Tuluya, Uruftu. 

Kuigi, Caret. 

To<Juva,) .... Caret. 

To<Ja, J . . . • Caret. 

K<5ta, Mudde. 

. • • . Vrutn. 

. . . . Urufe^ 

• • •• • ^nft^ -. 

. . . , Wata^iuh. 









e 



1 84 



PETIT— KLEIN— SHORT (oF A Man)—KOROTKY— PARVUS. [CHAP, v.— ADjECTiVEb^ 



^ 



Types. 



I 



^ (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, 

Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 



1^ 



I 



s 



J 



I 






g 



Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan {spokm), 

' Serpa, . 
Siinwdr, 
Giining, 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thiksya, 
Pdkhya, 
Newir, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Rdngchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wiling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bildli, . . 
S^g-pdng, 
Dtimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdni, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 



IIras7va, alpatatiu^ kshud- 
¥iasir. [ratanu. 

Chikij tipi. 

Wdha, 

Rihnd, 

Kissah, 

Kthtshey. 

Mokli. 

Odot. 

Oso/iun, etchige. 

Chilik. 

Halit. 

Pendek. 

Twan^ yai. 

Twan^ at, 

AL 

Ttinkuhy dhtsz\ 

Oe, 

Sei no hi kui hiio. 

Caret, 

TitL 

Kachin, 

Zugthung, 

Dridrd, 

YJhdtha. 

Caret. 

Gdde. 

Caret, 

Mdbo. 

Mdmo, 

Hocho. 

Cheunbo, 

Meba, 

Temcho, 

Putulu, 

Hocho, 

Chigdhi, bdgo, chikidhi, 

Tdngba, 

Simtd, 

Inang-kile, pa-kile, 

Simtay simyang. 

Unno, 

Yeterepdy yetebhaipa, 

Duiyang. 

LitMkna, 

A'rochOy arobo, 

Chireppa, 

Dokhonyepa, 

Dydkholdba^ dekholdba. 

Taksye^ mim'mUy miih'nu. 

Wunyukkhay wanyuk, 

Tdksipl, 

Uttuchheripiko, 

Ttbichyom, 

Dokhdisong'pa. 

Tungo, 

Nanar, 

Hocho, 

Khoso, 

Caret, 

Anyak. 

Thothi, 

Hocho, 

Poktok, 

Nicha, 

Amau, maubo. 
Mhdmteny mhour. 






ft 

I 






i 
h 

•S 
Co 



I 






Bodo, . . 

Dhim^, . 
Kocch, 

Garo, . . 

[Kdchiri, . 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 



Burman (writun), 
Burnian {s/>oken)y 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . . 
Kiimi, . . 
Mnl V. Toung, 
Sdk, . . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahora, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 



Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbh 
Santdli, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



um). 



Tamil, anc, 
Tami], mod., 
Malaydlma, anc. 
Malaydima, mod. 
Telugu,' . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, j 
K6ta, . . 
Baraga, . 
Kurumba, 
Iruia, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, 



Gahai. 

Bdngrakd, 

C/ioto, 

Bandok, 

Mudai, 

leie. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Orejute, 

Kharuo, 

Amimpa. 

Tatsu. 

A'nangld, 

Adedi, 

A'nduddk, 

Patigaini, 

Kutun, 

Nim. 

Neing, puthi. 

Caret, 

£>oi. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Kwa. 

Puy aphti. 

Pu, 

Pu. 

Pauk, 

No, 

Tiy tarn-boa. 

Tarn, 

Tarn, 

Tarn. 

Imiting, 

Hessu imitingia, 

KhatOy gdnthidy kungja 

Bada bdngarba, [(stooping). 

NaiM, 

Huding, 

Chdpo, 

Chundurmanda. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Doyina. 

Potte, 

Ar'duUd, 

Khatoti, 

Caret. 

Kuriya. 

Caret, 

Kuriya^ kul/a, 

Potii, 

Caret, 

Giddaj kuru. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

KuUol, 

Kuruda moch. 

Meddle. ' 

Moneava. 

Kide alu, 

KUle manisha. 

Kullan, 

Miti, 



Digitized by 



Google 



OHAP. v.— ADJECTIVKS.] 



COURT— KURZ— SHORT (of a Thing)— korotky—curtus. 



185 



Types. 

•-| JSanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gyirung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {wHUen\ 
Tibetan {spoken)^ 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Murmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

f Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepkng, . 
Kiidmu, . 
VAya, . . 

Tharay* • • * • 

Lepciii^ 03Bkiai)» • 
BliQ|iiil T« Uiopip « 



Hrasway alpa^ kshudra. 
Kasir^ kalil. 

Labur^ cscas. 

Lyhyt. 

Rovid. 

Kisseh. 

Kehtshey. 

Moklu 

Akhor. 

Hafirahun, 

Chendak. 

Chendak. 

Singkat. 

Twan, 

Twan. 

Tim. 

Tim. 

Te.' 

Mishigai. 

Caret. 

Thangti. 

Kachan. 

Thongpo. 

Dridrd. 

Wongchithd. 

Caret. 

Ka/ge, 

Thungpo. 

Thundung. 

Thinmo. 

Tupah. 

Rtiiba. 

Tumba. 

Tuncho. 

Rimba. 

Chhoto. 

Chihdy chiha. 

Tdngba. 

Dungtd. 

Inartg-kile, pdkile. 
Adungpang^ durigta. 
Bdunno. 

Yetebaipdy chichhdbaipa. 
Achimet. 
Lukluk na. 
AhikbOy amsihicho. 
Chib/idi ipa. 
Dokhondhyiipa. 
DyakJwjhoiba^ -daasi, ^ -daa. ' 
TaUye, tydksu. 
IVun yuky wun yuUkha. 
Teksip. 

Duipa^ dwipa. 
TUnchydm, 
Dokhdisongpd, 
TuHy tunchie^ matun' gpchie.^ 

ChaH. 

Khdio. 

P&Hhagu> 

Cdftt, 

Anyak, 

JPM&k 



I 



I 

•I 
I 



I 



i 



^ 






Bodo, Giichung. 

Dhimdl, Totokd\notoka i). 

Kocch, Choto. 

Garo, Bandok. 

Kdchdri, Caret. 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, . 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

Burman (writuu), 
Burman (spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kiimi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 



Tele. 
Mau. 
Soh. 

Tutsizau. 
Ju. 
Atun. 
Tatsu, 
A'nangld. 
Adedi. 
Anduddk. 
Sutugai. 
Kutun. 

To. 

To, tothi. 

Twe. 

DoL 

Do. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Kali. 

Pu^ aphu. 

Pu. 

Detig. 

Tot. 

Ngdn. 



' Talain v. Mon, . . 
Sgau-karen, . . . 
Pwo-karen, . . . 
Toungh-thu, . . . 

Shdn, 

Annamitic, ... 

Siamese, Tsdnn^ san. 

Ahom, Lot. 

Khdmti, Lot. 

Laos, San^ hun. 

' Ho (Kol), .... Dungui. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Dunguya. 

Santdli, Khd{o. 

Bhdmij, Kdndia. 

Urdon, Phudd. 

Mundala, Huding. 

Rdjmahali, .... Jokka. 

Gondi, Chundury chodor. 

Gayeti, Caret. 

Rutluk, Chudur^ abado. 

Naikude, Mota. 

Kolami, Moda. 

Mddi, Kande^ daktir. 

Mddia, Caret. 

Kuri, Kodar. 

Keikddi, Giddu. 

Khond, Koggdri. 

Sdvara, Doyina. 

Gadaba, ..... Bille. 

Yerukala, Kuratsa. 

Chentsu, Khata. 

Tamil, anc, .... Caret. 

Tamil, mod., .... Kuriya, kuttamdna, kulla- 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. \mdfia. 

Malaydima, mod., . . Kuriya, kuru. 

Telugu, Kurucha, kiiru, potti. 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Giififa. 

Tujuva, Kii44ya. 

Kurgi^ Card. 

To^uva,) .... Card, 

To^a, > .... Kurigiti. 

KiSta, Mime. 

Baraga, Mtme. 

Knnmiba) .... Afone^ kuU. 

Irak KiU. 

MaMMUt^ Kudd, htrukal. 

Sblttlese,. .... lMk9a^^ 



9Jk 



\^: yr £i:S\fr^vi\ 




■ii'-Vi 



Digitized by 



Google 



1 86 



PETIT— KLEIN— SMALL— MALY— PARVUS. 



[chap. v. — ADJECTIVE-. 



^ 






J 



I 

I 

SI 



I 



I 



Types, 

I (Sanskrit, 
"^ (Arabic, . 

' Bask, . . 

Finnic, . 

Magyar, . 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 
I -j Georgian, 
'S' Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, 
Minyak, . 
ThochiS, . 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . . 

Siinwdr, . 

Giining, . 

Miirroi, . 
Magar, 

Thdksya, . 

Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 

Limbu, . 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diirai, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Viyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitdni V. Lhopa, 



A/pa, kshudra, 
Saghir. 

Chiki, tipiy mendre, chume, 
IVdhd. [riimino. 

Kis, 

Kuchuk, ufak, 
Bughuzay. 
Patara. 
Utsho^en. 
Osok/wft, 
Chiyut 
Chiyui, 
KachiL 

Siaou. 

Hsiaou. 

Siu, sat. 

Siau, 

Sol 

Set no dsi sat hiia. 

Caret, 

Syouti, 
Kachhai , 
ChungbOy prii, 
Yu, 

Bratsi'tha. 
Bdgd. 
Kamma, 
Chhungy phra, 
Chun-chufig. 

Tippe, 
The baba, 
Chumba, 

jdjd. 

Mdrcho. 
Chydngba, 
Sdnu, 

ChigOy chigu. 
Chiikpa, 

U'ch^ ydng, 
Inangko. 
U'chukpdng, 
Mikhd, 
Amsikholcho, 
Achokpa. 
Mih'na, 
Yokka, 
Chisma, 
Kichent. 
Kachim. 

Misyuma, misup'pa. 
Mic/ii-yuk kha, michiyuk, 
Mepachhd, 
Tuchheppa, 
Tib'tchyom, 
Ttbichem, yakhe, 
Umchukpang, 

Ndni. 

Chotke, 

Chijagu, chigidhagit, 

Maito, mayo. 

Ami, 

Choh'mi, 

Fbra, 

Hungkoi, 

Chhot, 

Achim, chimbo, 
Chungbo, 






=5 



I 



^ 






I 



a 



I 



fBodo, 


Mudui. 


Dhimil, . . . . 


, Mhotkd, 


Kocch, . . . . 


. Choto, 


Garo, 


Pamar, 


. Kdchdri, . . . . 


Gohai. 


Munipuri, . . . 


. Caret. 


Mfthin Ndgd, . . 


. Ahipia. 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


, Sui, 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Minghaji, 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


. Kanachapo. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


. ^ Aring, 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


, Tilala, 


Tengsa Ndgd, . , 


Tesu, 


Abor Miri, . . 


, Angido. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


, Ameddk, 


Deoria Chutia, . 


Sum suroni. 


Singpho, . . . 


, Katsl, 


' Burman {written). 


. Nge. 


Burman {spoken), . 


. Nge, ngaythi. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


, . Ndo, 


Kdmi, .... 


. . Spl. 


Kiimi, .... 


. . Athdm. 


Mni V. Toung, . 


, , Caret. 


Sdk, .... 


, . Caret, 


' Talain v. Mon, . 


. Dhot. 


Sgau-karen, . . 


, Caret, 


Pwo-karen, . . 


, Caret, 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. , Pd, 


Shdn, .... 


. . ZeikA, 


Annamilic, . . 


. Bl 


Siamese, . . . 


Let, lek^ not. 


Ahom, . . . 


, Not. 


Khdmti, . . . 


. Lek, on. 


Laos, .... 


. Lek, not. 


rHo(Kol), . . 


, Huding, 


Kol (Singhbhum), 


. Hurung, 


Santdli, . . . 


, Huring, katih, gd/der, jakdr. 


Bhiimij, . . . 


. Huringia, kato. 


Urdon, . . . 


, Sanka, 


Mundala, . . . 


. Huring, 


Rdjmahali, . . 


, Caret, 


Gondi, . . . 


Chudory loro, pataro. 


Gayeti, . . . 


Chudor. 


Rutluk, . . . 


. Chttdor. 


Naikude, . . . 


. Chinnd, 


Kolami, . . . 


Chinnam. 


Mddi, .... 


. Hudild, udilo. 


Mddia, . . . 


, Hudili. 


Kuri, .... 


Sang, sani. 


Keikddi, . . . 


Chinna. 


Khond, . . . 


. Caret. 


Sdvara, . . . 


Sonna. 


Gadaba, . . . 


. Mengen^ 


Yerukala, . . . 


Chinnakerum, siru7*dyan. 


Chentsu, . . . 


Khopati, 


' Tamil, anc, . . 


Variddna, 


Tamil, mod., . . 


, Siriya, sinna. 


Malaydlma, anc, 


. Caret, 


Malaydjma, mod., 


Ch^riya, 


Telugu, . . . 


Chinna, 


Karndtaka, anc, 


. Caret. 


Karndtaka, mod., 


Sanna, chikka. 


Tuliiva, . . . 


, Kennu, 


Kurgi, . . . . 


Cheriyadu, 


Toduva,) . , , 
Toda, 1 . . 


. Caret, 


. Caret, 


Kdta, .... 


. Caret, 


Badaga, . . . 


, Caret, 


Kururaba, . . 


. . Caret, 


Iruja, .... 


. Caret, 


Malabar, . . . 


. . Siria, sinna. 


Sinhalese, . . . 


. . Punchi. 



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CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES,] 



AIGRE— SAUER— SOUR— KISLY— ACERBUS. 



187 



. Types, 

v| (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, . 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Kharen, 



Amla, sfukta, 
Udmod. 

Gazif mitiy lachy garrach, 

Hapain, 

Savanju, 

Ekshi. 

Shogho, 

Mkave, 

Kutsidei, 

Dshushughun. 

Hasem, 

Hasem, 

A'sam, 

Swan, 

Swan. 

Siin, 

Su, 

Sng. 

Sui. 



Gydrai, . . . 
Gydrung, . . . 
Tikpa, . . . 
Minyak, . . . 
ThochiS, . . . 
Sokpa, . . . 
Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan (written)^ 
Tibetan (spoken), . 

Serpa, .... 

Sdnwdr, . . . 

Gdrung, . . . 

Miirmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thiksya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



' Kirdnti, . . . 
Rodong, . . . 
RiSngchenbung, . 
Chhingtdngya, . 
Nichhereng, . . 
Wdling, . . . 
Ydkha, . . . 
Chourdsya, . . 
Kulungya, . . 
Thulungya, . . 
Bdhingya, . . 
Lohorong, . . 
Lambichhong, . 
Bdlili, .... 
Sdng-pdng, . . 
Diimi, .... 
Kh41ing, . . . 
Dungmdli, . . 

fDdrhi, . . . . 

Denwdr, . . . 
Pahri, .... 

Chepkng, . : . 

TShximny . . . 

V iy^ . . . . 
KunWft 






LdtL 

KuchcMr, 

Kyurpu, 

Dacha. 

Chak. 

Ammahdlon. 

Sgusgo. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Duso. 

Soba. 

Caret. 

TMpcho. 

Kimbd. 

A'milo. 

Phaka. 

Menlim mina. 

Suvo. 

Sure. 

SUn chakuta. 

S^ntd. 

Chochdrpa. 

Sunta. 

Sud, sdha. 

Jurcho. 

Jujur. 

Jyurpa. 

/yiirba, -dadsi;^ -daa} 

Sin'ta^ limni. 

Siiyukha. 

Sittu. 

CMri. 

Jhdr'pa. 

Sun; suncMe;^ masun.^ 

Syisye, 

Karo. 

Palugu. 

NinSo. 

Kydsc, 

SMfHy sakim. 

NtgUyo. 

JOmtriem. 






I 



I 



<^ 



<! 






i 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
KLichdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung N^^ 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Nimsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong N^^ 
Tengsa N^d, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {writun\ 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou 
K^i, . 
Kdmi, . 
Mni v. Toung, 
Sdk, . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 



Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhi 

Santili, 

Bhiimij, 

Urion, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali, 

Gondi^ 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Mddi, . 

Midia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikidi, 

Khond, 

Sdvara, 

Gadaba, 

Yenikala, 

Chentsu, 



um 



Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod. 
Malaydlma, anc. 
Malaydjma, mod 
Telugu,' . . 
Kai^dtaka, anc., 
Kan^dfaka, mod. 
Tuluya, . 
Kurgi, . . 
To<Juya,> 
Toija, I 

KnpnoDfty 






Gaphdy gakhoi. 

Dakkd. 

Tiid. 

Phakkd. 

Gokai. 

Asinba. 

Shi. 

Si. 

Tehsan. 

Khye. 

Asi. 

Tdsan. 

Sen/a. 

Kun€. 

Kuddk. 

Sitotoi. 

Khri. 

Khyin. 

Khyin^ khyinthi. 

To. 

The. 

Ahto. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Hpya. 

Se, tse. 

Tsaing. 

ITsya. 

Htsol. 

Shua. 

Som, preo^ htso. 

Sum. 

Som. 

Som. 

Jojo. 
Jojo. 

Maraihy kdsd. 
Jojo. 
Tissa. 
Jojou. 
Tise. 

Chiik manda, savitd. 
Savitdl. 
Nagul. 
Caret. 
Tirre. 

Wbvlta, weiia^pulla. 
Dhirdhira. 
Kataye. 
Pulpu. 
Trahane. 
Aragna. 
Susokd. 
Puiladikkiri. 
Ammuto. 

Caret. 

Pulitta, pulippu. 

Caret. 

Puii. 

PuUani^ pullafi. 

Caret. 

Hufi. 

PuiL 

Card. 

PiOa. 

PSitkati. 

Puisa. 

Hkm. 

SMiL 

Pkm. 



-.ir-r^^. 






;-vv ' 




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188 CARRE- 


VIERECKIG-SQUARE— CHETUIREUGOLNY-QUADRATUS. [chap, v.— adjecti\^ 


. Types. 


"^ f Bodo, 


Kondmanbreni, 


^ (Sanskrit, 
"|, (Arabic, . 








Chaturasray chaiush-kona. 
Murabbaa. 


^ 

^ 


Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 




Dia-thunika (angles four). 

ChoU'konia. 

Kond bri ni. 


"N 


Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 








Lauki, laurki. 
Neljds := kulmainen. 


'k 


Kichdri, 
Munipuri, 




Caret. 
Card. 




Magyar, . 








Caret. 


% 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 


Caret. 


^^ 


Turkish, . 








Ghyunya. 


t 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


Caret. 


•§ 


Circassian, 








Caret. 


k 


KhdriNdgd,. . . 


Caret. 


5 


Georgian, 








Caret. 


V 


Angdmi Ndg^ . . 


Caret. 


§, 


Mongolian, 








Tepker. 


.fc 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


Caret. 


G 


Mantshu, 








Hoshongko. 


r 


Nowgong N^d, 


Tangakdku. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Pasdgi. 


It; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


Tangik. 




Javanese, Krama, 




Pasd^^i. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . . 


Caret. 




Malay, . . . 




Barsikusiku. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Caret. 




■ Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Fang. 
Fang. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 
Singpho, .... 


Caret. 
Caret. 


^ 


Chinese, Canton, 




Fong. 


2 


Burman (written). 


\jethong. 


1' 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Fong. 




Burman {spoken), . . 


T rdhaung^ laihtouknaithi. 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




LVkak. 


■^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


Kyilhi. 




Japanese. . . 




Shi-kaku. 


h- 


K4mi, 


Atikimli. 


" 










Jt 


Kdmi, 


Taki. 


Brahuf, . 








Caret. 


1 


Mni V. Toung, . . , 


Caret. 


:g 


' Gydmi, 








Pydngdi. 


t 
^ 


,Sdk, 


Caret. 


K 


Gydning, . . 








Zhirdo. 




r Talain v. Mon, . . . 


Potikalan. 


h 


Tdkpa, . 








Tupzhi. 


.5* 


Sgau-karen, . . . . 


Caret. 


1 


Minyak, . . 








Drazo. 


Pwo-karen, . . . . 


Caret. 




Thochd, . . 








Ghzirti. 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . . . 


Sltseng. 


1' 


Sokpa, . . . 








Caret. 


1 


Shdn, 


Pyay. 


^ 


Horpa, . . 








Sur-zhi. 


hi ' 


Annamitic, . . . . 


Vudng. 


.^ 


Tibetan {writun\ 






Grub'Zhi (angles four). 


h 


Siamese, 


Htsilen. 




Tibetan (spoken), . 






Thuzi (angles four). 




Ahom, 


Caret. 










^ 


Khdmti, 


Card. 




Serpa, . . . . 






Tupchi. 




Laos, 


Card. 


1 

i 


Siinwdr, . . 
Gdrung, . . 
Miirmi, . . 
Magar, . . 
Thiksya, . . 
Pdkhya, . . 
Newdr, . . 
Limbu, . . 








Chdr-pdtya. 

Kona-pli. 

Kuni'pli. 

ChoU'khd-nya. 

Bhilirchhowa. 

Chdrapdlo. 

Pekungla. 

Kuyok tuve lish. 




' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singh 
Santili, 
Bhdmij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rijmahali 
Gondi, 


ibhum), . . 


Cheptd. 

Up{tnkocha. 

Girlte, murchdute (verbs). 

Upunkon. 

Chdrkona. 

Gotd. 

Card. 

Ndlukhunt, cJiarkuntyti. 




' Kirdnti, . . 








Pheb ddba, lea kona. 


J 


Gayeti, 




Caret. 




Rodong, . . 








Plangpdchimd. 


1 


Rutluk, 




Khutul. 




Riingchenbung, . 






La-dkund. 


-^ • 


Naikude, 




Card. 




Chhingtdngya, 






Chdraupdtyd. 1 


1 


Kolami, 




Okesarase. 


<r 


Ndchhereng, . 






Phepheya. 


Mddi, . 




Card. 


1 


Wdling, . 








Layd khUktdng. 




Mddia, 




Caret. 




Yikha, . 








Lichina yusuk. 




Kuri, . 




Charkutya (charkufiiya f). 


i 


Chour^sya, 








Charkune. 




Keikddi, 




Choukunta. 


Kulungya, 








Lih khongld. 




Khond, 




Tattu. 


■^ ■ 


Thulungya, 








Khikerma. 




Sdvara, 




Onjimulalankabagnd, sagnd- 


<j 


Bdhingya, . 








Lcpataye. 




Gadaba, 




Duttu. \daku. 


■^ 


Lohorong, 








Rik'sukye. 




Yerukala, 




Tsadaram. 


2 


Lambichhong 


> 






Caret. 




Chentsu, 




Sadunuta, cJiakkata. 


'^ 


Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungm^, 








Caret. 
. Likapdta. 
. Caret. 
. Bhdlchyusko. 
. Rik'tum. 




' Tamil, anc, . . . 
Tamil, mod., . . . 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydima, mod., . 
Telugu, .... 


Card. 

Saduramdna^chatukkamdna. 

Card. 

Chaturamdyul(a. 

Chadaramu^ chaukamu. 


i 


' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 








Charkonya. 
Caret. 


j 


Kan;idtaka, anc, . . 
Karndtaka, mod., . 


. Card. 
. Chauka. 




Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 








. Pekunglagu. 
. Caret. 
. Chdrpatya. 
. Caret. 


Tuluva, .... 

Kurgi, 

Toduva,) . . . 
Toda, I . . . 


Chauka. 
. Caret. 
Card. 
Card. 


1 


Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 








Chdrpatya. 
. CMrapdte. 




K6ta, 

Badaga, .... 


. Satte. 
Jauka. 


^ 


Thdru, . . 








Chdrakunabate. 




Kurumba, . . . 

Inila, 

Malabar, .... 


Jauka. 

Javuka. 

Sathuramana. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




Ton kyongphalu 






Bhdtdni v. LI 


lop 


a, 




Duzhi yeupo. 




Sinhalese, 




Satards, 



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CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] DROIT-GERADE—STRAIGHT-PRYAMOI— RECTUS. 



189 



. Types. 

so 

-5 (Sanskrit, 
"f, (Arabic, . 



1 



Bask, .... 
Finnic, . . . 
Magyar, . . . 
Turkish, . . . 
Circassian, . . 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, .... 



h 



s 



J 



Gydmi, . . . 

Gydrung, . . . 

Tdkpa, . . . 

Mdnyak, . . . 

Thochii, . . . 

Sokpa, . . . . 

Hoipa, . . . 
Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan (spoken), . 

'Serpa, . . . . 

Sdnwir, . . . 

Giirung, . . . 

Murmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 






I 



I 



Kir^ti, . . . 
Rodong, . . . 
Riingchenbung, . 
Chhingtdngya, . 
Ndchhereng, . . 
Wdling, . . . 
Ydkha, . . . 
Chourdsya, . . 
Kulungya, . . 
Thulungya, . . 
Bdhingya, . . . 
Lohorong, . . 
Lambichhong, . 
Bdlili, .... 
Sdng-pdng, . . 
Dilmi, .... 
Khdling, . . . 
Dungindli, . . 

f Ddrhi, .... 
Denwdr, . . . 
Pahri, .... 
Chepdng, . . . 
Bhiamu, . . . 
Vdyu, . . • . 
Ruswary . . . 
Kittanday . . . 
Th<ra»« . . . 



Saraia, riju. 
Mustakim, 

Zuzen^ chushen, artez^ margo, 

Suora. 

Egyeties. 

Doghru, 

Caret, 

Mary'eni. 

Bototoi. 

Godokhon, 

Benner. 

Lercs, 

BatuL 

Pih-chih, 

Pi-chih, 

Chik. 

Zah. 

Tit, 

Masugu. 

Caret. 

Tifigdi, 

Kakas'to. 

Trdng bo. 

Chu chii. 

Kasth. 

Caret. 

Kathong. 

Drdnpo. 

Thdngbo. 

Tdngo. 

Shejo. 

Kyun. 

Thdcho. 

Dhingcho. 

Tananpfurphai. 

Tersai. 

Tapyong. 

Tondo. 

U' dungtwongtong. 
Sojho. 
Sojho. 
Chdngno. 
Sejho. 
Sejho, 
Sojho. 
Sojho. 
Twdipa. 
fofigpa. 
Dyom'ba. 
Lungkuye, chengye. 
Soriy sorikha. 
Lungku. 
ToKno. 
Danta. 
Dhvalpa. 
Chdng. 

Sojho. 
Solar. 

Jlpyungguhnia, 
DMmto. 
Card. 

Chet^chengmo. 
iho. 









t 



I 



.1 



I 



I 

h 



a 



fBodo, .... 


. . Thungjung^ gothofig. 


Dhimdl, 




. . Ghenkd. 


Kocch, 




. . Sidhd. 


Garo, . 




. . Preng den. 


[ Kdchdri, 




. . Caret. 


' Munipuri, 




. . Chume. 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . 


. . Caret. 


TablungNdgd, . 


. . Caret. 


Khdri Nigi, . . 


. . Mathunjau. 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 


. . Tliekhd. 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 


. . Ating. 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


. , Tumutuftt. 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


. . Matungkolo. 


Abor Miri, . . 


. . Pundu. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 


. . Guyokdak. 


Deoria Chutia, . 


. . Pune. 


Singpho, . . . 


. . Preng. 


Burman {written). 


. . Phrong. 


Burman {spoken), . 


. . Phyaung. hpaungthi. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. . Klun. 


Kdmi, .... 


. . To. 


KiSmi, .... 


. . Tau. 


Mnl V. Toung, . 


. . Caret. 


[Sik, .... 


. . Caret. 


r Talain v. Mon, . 


. . Touk. 


Sgau-karen, . . 


. . Lo.blir. 


Pwo-karen, . . 


. . Laung. 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. . Tsone. 


Shin, .... 


. . TsL 


Annamitic, . . 


. . Ngay. 


Siamese, . . . 


. . Trong. $u. htso. 


Ahom, .... 


. . ir. 


Khdmti, . . . 


. . Nan. 


Laos, .... 


. . Caret. 


rHo(Kol), . . 


. . Caret. 


Kol (Singhbhum), 


. . Mti/i. 


Santili, . . . 


. . Sajhete (verb). 


Bhiimij, 




. . Bugisaj. 


Urdon, 




. . ITjgo. 


Mundala, 




. . Sojhia. 


Rdjmahali, 




. . Jdkro. 


Gondi, . 




. . Tukvd, sarko. 


Gayeti, 




. . Kasnu. 


Rutluk, 




. . Kasum. 


Naikude, 




. . Dadapad. 


Kolarai, 




. . Andidadam. 


Mddi, . . 




Kasumi, kasomue. 


Mddia, . . 




. Soj 


Kuri, . . 




. Kord. 


Keikidi, . 




. Sukdgd. 


Khond, . 




Soddemanne. 


Sdvara, 




. Baridako. 


Gadaba, . 




Lakotfuttu. 


Yerukala, . 




Sadunu. 


Chentsu, . 




. Sorichhaiyye^ sorikardhache. 


Tamil, anc. 


t , . . 


Ozhungdna. 


Tamil, mod., . . . 


. Nerdna. 


Malaydjma, anc, 


. Caret 


Malaydlma, mod., . 


. Nere, chowe. 


Telugu, . . . . 


. Sariggd-ufufe^ chakkagd. 


Kanjidtaka, anc., . . 


Caret. 


Kar^dtaka, mod., . 


. Sariydda^ nettage. 


Tuluva, . . . . 


. Sarta. 


Kurgi, 


. Nere. 


To<Juva,> . . . 
To<Ja, ; . . . 


. Caret. 


. Caret. 


Kdta, 


. Hasia^ ne((u. 


BafMga, • • • 


. ^Tetft^. 


Kmanba, . . . 


. Jm^. 


fai% 


. Nitite. 


ybSSSsm, . . . . 


. Ntre. 


Sinbelise.. 


• • • 


JCtttti^ 




Jfee^vs^L 



Digitized by 



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igo 



DOUX— suss— SWEET—SLADKY— DULCIS. 



[chap. v. — ADJECTIVES, 



hfl 



Types, 



'< 


(Sanskrit, 








. Swddu^ madhura. 


\ ^Arabic, '. 








. HM. 


^ 


Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 








GozOy ezti. 
Makia. 
. Eda, 


i 


Turkish, . 








. Tatlu. 


5 


Circassian, 








. EzshUy ezrey. 




Georgian, 








. TkbUi, 


1 


Mongolian, 








Amdai. 


a 


Mantshu, 








Tchantchuhun, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Legi, 




Javanese, Krama, 




. Ugi, 




Malay, . . . 




. Mdnis. 




Chinese, Nankin, 




Tien, 




Chinese, Pekin, 




. Tien, 


& 


Chinese, Canton, 




Tim, 


1' 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Tien, 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




. Tin, 




Japanese, 








. Amai, 


Brahuf, . 








. Hanen, 


^ 


' Gyimi, 








, Sydngdi, 


S 


Gydrung, . 








Kamgnar'. 


h 


T^pa, . 








Nyokpa, 




Minyak, . 








Debi, 


« ' 


ThochiS, . 








Jam, 


1 


Sokpa, . . 








Amthethe, 




Horpa, 








Thuthu, 


1 


Tibetan (wHtten), 






Caret, 


a 


Tibetan (spokm), . 
^Serpa, . . . . 






Gndrmo, 
Gnormo, 


^ 


Siinwdr, . . 
GiSrung, . . 








Jiji, 

Gndba, 


^ 


Miirmi, . . 








Kekeba, 


1- 


Magar, . . 








Jyucho, 


^ 


Thdksya, . . 








Koghibd, 


1 


Pdkhya, . . 








Guliyo, 


t 


Newdr, . . 
Limbu, . . 

' Kirdnti, . . 
Rodong, . . 








ChaU. 
Kelimba, 

Lemko, 

Lam chhOy walye. 




Riingchenbung, . 






Lemkoy lemchi. 




Chhingtdngya, . 






Lem'm, 


<? 


Ndchhereng, . . 






Lemda, 




Wdling, . . 








Lem, lemya. 


Ydkha, . . 








Limha. 


a 


Chourisya, . 








Jijilucho. 


Kulungya, 








Lema, 


"^ ' 


Thulungya, . 








Jijin, 


c!5 


Bdhingya, . . 








Jijtm; -dadsi ;^ -dad.* 


■<: 


Lohorong, 








Lim'-pay limte. 


1 


Lambichhong 


} 






LimyukhOy lemyu. 


^ 


Bdldli, . . . 
Sdng-pdng, . 
DiSrai, . . . 
Khdling, . . 
^ Dungmdli, 








Lim, 

Limi, 

Lem, 

Lempd, 

Lem^ lem'chie;^ malem.^ 


J 


' Ddrhi, . . . 
Denwdr, . . 








Gure, 
Guryo, 


< 


Pahri, . . . 








Chdggu, 




Chep^g, . . 








Nimto, 


rS ■ 


Bhrimu, . . 








Kyosyd, 


t^ 


Viyu, . . , 








Chinjimo, 


1 


Kuswar, . . 








Gulyo, 


Kusunda, . . 








AMI, 


^ 


^ Thiru, . . . 








Mithd, 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 




Akliamy kiiambo. 




Bhiitini v. Lh 


opi 


^ • 




Gndmo, 



% fBodo, 



I 



I 

to 



^ 



<5 



^ 

^ 



I 

h 



I 



I 



Dhimil, 

Kocch, 

Garo, . 

[Kichiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgi, . 
Angimi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {written)^ 
Burraan (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . 
Kumi, . 
Mnl v. Toung, 
t Sdk, . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum 
Santili, . 
BhiSmij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, . 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydjma, anc, 
Malayiima, mod., 
Telugu, . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod. 
Tuliiva, 
Kurgi, . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, j 
K6ta, . 
Badaga, 
Kururaba, 
Irula, . 
Malabar, 
Sinhalese, 



Godot, 

Tddka, 

Mitha. 

Shamd. 

Godai. 

Athumba. 
Tt, 

Urang, 
Miang, 
Che, 
At^, 
Tdnang, 
Tdnang, 
Tido, 
Tiddk, 
Jiri, 
DU, 

Khyo, 

KhyOy chyathi. 

Tut. 

Tti. 

Tui, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Tat, 

Sir, tser. 

Tsung. 

Neu. 

Tron. 

Ngot. 

Wan. 

Oi. 

Wdn. 

Wdn, 

Ibilla, 

Sibila, 

Sebely hengnem, 

Sibila, 

Ttni. 

Sihil, 

Embe. 

Mingatdy mingui. 

MinguL 

Mithomi, 

Tirre, 

Send, 

Mingta, mirangul. 

Milgale. 

Simel. 

Ttpu, 

Sen4ijdninju, 

Mana. 

Sabbtilkd, 

Teyyanikkiri. 

Mithd. 

Iniya, 

TtUitta, tittippu. 

Caret, 

Swddtd^a, 

Ttyyaniy tipu. 

Caret, 

sr 

Tipe. 

Afantat. 

Caret. 

Dijati. 

Se, 

Si. 

Si. 

Ruse, 

Inippu. 

Mihiri. 



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CHAP, v.— ADJECTIVES.] 



GRAND— LANG— TALL (OF A Man)—VUISOKY— PROCERUS. 



191 









Types, 

•^ (Sanskrit, . . 
'I^ (Arabic, . . . 

Bask, .... 
Finnic, . . . 
Magyar, . . . 
Turkish, , . . 
Circassian, . . 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gy£mi, 
Gydrung, , 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, 
Horpa, 
Tibetan (written), 

Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . . 
Sdnwdr, . 
Gdrung, . 
MUrmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pikhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wiling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichihong. 

Bdldli, . . 

Sing-ping, 

Diimi, . . 

Khiling, . 

Dungmdli, 

fDirhi,. . 
Denwir, . 
Pahri, . . 
Cheping, . 
BhrmnUy . 



Tbbm,. 



Tuhgay uchchadeha, 
TdwiL 

Andiy aundi, 

Piikd, 

Magas, 

U'zun, 

Kakha. 

GridzalL 

Ondor. 

Ten, 

Duwury duhur, 

HinggU, 

Renjong, 

KdoUy ch^ang. 

KdoUy cHang, 

Kb, 

Dzdng-kuhy dzdng-niang, 

Kodin, [dzdng-tsz. 

Set no takai hito. 

Caret, 

Kouti, 

Kasri, 

Zugring, 

Hra-hra. 

Brdthd, 

ITndi^r, 

Gakhye, 

Caret, 

Tkombo, 

Thenbo, 

Laiso, 

Kuhba, 

Nohba, 

Ghidngcho, 

Bauchhmba, 

Ago, 

Tadhi, 

Kemba, 

Kontd, 

Kile, ruHde, 

Kiyang, kongyang, kwangta. 

Keno, 

Bhdipay repa, 

Klydng, 

Kend. 

Robo, rocho, 

Wadreppa, 

Yepa, 

Ldba, 

Keye, 

Keyuk, keyukkha, 

Klbyep, 

Ottoripiko. 

Son^pa, 

Son^pa. \bddhememekachi,^ 

BadhenugOy badhemechdgp^^ 

Dhenga, 



Tkaso. 
Alhok, 



f fiiii fiffim 



I 



•I 



4 



-^ 



St 

I 



■3, 



I 



Bodo, Gajon, 

Dhimdl, Dhdngdkd, 

Kocch, Uccha, 

Garo, Pillo, 

Kichiri, Gojo, 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthin Nigi, . 
Tablung Nigi, . 
Khdri Nigi, . . 
Angimi Nigi, . 
Nimsing Nigi, . 
Nowgong Ndg^ 
Tengsa Nigi, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsigar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



Caret, 

Choak, 

Tau, 

Oregu, 

Karkhre, 

Achuong, 

Taldn^ia. 

Ldngld, 

Caret, 

Aidrddh, 

Suini, 

Tsode, 



' Burman (written), , . Mrang, 

Burman (spoken), , . , Myen, myinthi, 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Lhun, 

Kimi, Kasd, 

KiSmi, Caret, 

Mni V. Toung, . . . Caret, 

Sik, Caret, 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo~karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shin, . . . 
Annamitic, 



Thaion, 

'Tau, 

Tongtang, 

H'to, 

Tson, 

Kao, 



Siamese, Thohn^ sung, 

Ahom, Sung, 

Khimti, Sung, 

Laos, Sung, 

'Ho(Kol), .... Sangali, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Batari salatigi, 

Santili, Usui, 

Bhilmij, Baraisangaluma, 

Urion, Micha, 

Mundala, filing, 

Rijmahali, .... Digaro, 

Gondi, Jhangchomanda. 

Gayeti, Caret, 

Rutluk, Caret, 

Naikude, Caret, 

Kolami, Caret, 

Midi, Caret, 

Midia, Caret, 

Kuri, Caret, 

Keikidi, Caret, 

Khond, Caret, 

Sivara, Lanka, 

Gadaba, Tiyydr. 

Yerukala, Vasaram, 

Chentsu, Namo, 

Tamil, anc, .... Caret, 

Tamil, mod., .... Uyamda, 

Malayilma, anc, . . Caret, 

Malayiima, mod., . . Uyamna, 

Telugu,' Po4ugd(i, 

Karnitaka, anc., . . Caret, 

Karnitaka, mod., . . Ucha. 

Tuluva, Caret. 

Kuigi, Card. 

To^uva,) .... NtrakOy neragatti, 

Toda, > . . . . Nirigidl. 

Kdta, Udioman, 

Bfli4s^ Uddava, 

Ka|iimlia» «... Uddahi. 

Iraky ...... UddcHiumisha. 

MafalMir, ..... thamthamn. 




:.'.. ■ ■-■.^T ■••;;. Jigitized by V:jOOQIC 



192 



MINCE-DUNN— THIN— TON KY—M ACER. 



[chap. v. — ADJECTIVES 



^ 

■n 









S 



•5- 



.i 



'0 






I 



j Sanskrit, .... Tanu, kshina. 

(Arabic, Rakiky rafiaa. 

Bask, F/akOy argal, erbal, maskcl 

Finnic, JLaiha. [sa/itar, hdmin. 

Magyar, Nyuiank. 

Turkish, Erk. 

Circassian, .... Wedd, 

Georgian, .... Sudoli. 

Mongolian, .... Ninuxhcn. 

Mantshu, .... Torha. 

Javanese, Ngoko, . . Tipis, kitru. 

Javanese, Krama, . . Tipis^ kira. 

Malay, Kurus. 

Chinese, Nankin, . . San, 

Chinese, Pekin, . . San, 

Chinese, Canton, . . Shau, 

Chinese, Shanghai, . Sai. 

Amoy, Colloquial, . . Poh. 

Japanese, .... Yasetoru, 

Brahuf, Caret. 

Gydmi, Syouti. 

Gydrung, K^vichem. 

Tdkpa, Kdmrfidfig. 

Mdnyak, AW/7. 

Thochii, C/iarghe, 

Sokpa, Okhiinde. 

Horpa, C/z/i chu. 

Tibetan {written), . . SrobbOy ridpo, 

Tibetan {spoken), . . . Mdbo (?). 

' Serpa, Nenma. 

Siinwdr, Gyeso. 

Giirung, Jhenba, 

Miirmi, ■ Jmtpd. 

Magar, Rucho. 

Thdksya, Jyaiba. 

Pikhya, Hdriydko. 

Newdr, GofisL 

Limbu, Yoshu, 

Kirdnti, Yom. 

Rodong, Palete, sitndmyo. 

Riingchenbung, . . . Yomyangko, ropyangko, 

Chhingtdngya, . . . Rotigsi, 

Ndchhereng, .... Ramdd, 

Wdling, Rongyangy achitpo. 

Ydkha, Hdchigoknd. 

Chourdsya, .... Yokkd. 

Kulungya, .... Gamsipd. 

Thulungya, .... Jerpd. 

Bdhingya, Kachiniy ryam'ba, 

Lohorong, .... Ydmisa. 

Lambichhong, . . . Keksu reksukha. 

Bdldli, Mepachd. 

Sdng-pdng, .... Romiko, 

Diimi, Rom. 

Khdling, Jyor^pa. 

Dungmdli, .... Chuk. 

Ddrhi, Dubro. 

Denwdr, Dubro. 

Pahri, Gangsihma. 

Chepdng, Caret. 

Bhrdmu, Mdchho. 

Vdyu, Gerta, 

Kuswar, Khengralo, 

Kusunda, Ghardu. 

Thdni, Dabar. 



k 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 



Achim^ chimbo. 
Byeko. 



^ 
^ 

.^ 






s 

to 



•<3 



I 



Bodo, Gaham. 

Dhimdl, Syenkd, mhoika. 

Kocch, Sukna. 

Garo, Jotkreng. 

Kdchdri, Caret. 






' Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

Burman {written), 

Burman {spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kiimi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sdk, .... 



Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Achi. 

Soponoru. 

Achd 

Apoprr. 

Apo. 

Caret. 

Giddk. 

Dugumjini. 

Lasi. 

Lhyd. 

Shydy pent hi. 

Pdm. 

Tapd. 

Thdn. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Tharai. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Hyeng. 

Raung. 

Mong, man. 



' Talain v. Mon, . . 
Sguu-karen, . . . 
Pwo-karen, . . . 
Toungh-lhu, . . . 

Shdn, 

Annarnitic, . . . 

Siamese, Hpohn^ maimati. 

Ahom, Heng. 

Khdmti, Yom. 

Laos, Caret. 

Ho (Kol), .... BattH. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Bdtaria. 

Santdli, Bitdng^ ndnhd chiribitz, 

Bhiimij, Baraiusu. \ehdmatid (of a 

Urdon, Serud. [wonruui). 

Mundala, U'sti. 

Rdjmahali, .... Gandi. 

Gondi, Sirsi hattur. 

Gayeti, Chudor (small). 

Rutluk, Chudor (small). 

Naikude, Chinnd (small). 

Kolami, Chinnam (small). 

Mddi, Jfudi/d (small). 

Mddia, Hudili (small). 

Kuri, Sang (%xsi2}^). 

Keikddi, Chinna (small). 

Khond, Banda ayininju. 

Sdvara, Palapalasan. 

Gadaba, Palasanadulta. 

Yerukala, Bakkadu. 

Chentsu, Saruvoti, sakunata. 

' Tamil, anc, .... Melliya. 

Tamil, mod., .... Meiinda. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Meliiina. 

Telugu, Paluchani. 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Caret. 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Teffdna. 

Tuluva, Sabara. 

Kurgi, Caret. 

Toduva,) .... Caret. 

Toda, ) .... Kinud. 

Kota, Vottale. 

Bacjaga, Kuna. 

Kurumba, .... Melle. 

Iruja, Va4age. 

Malabar, Melintha, meilia. 

Sinhalese, Tunl. 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. V. — ADJECTIVES.] 



LAID— HASSLICH— UGLY—DURNOI— DEFORxMIS. 



193 





Types. 


1 


fBodo, . 




. . Chapma. 


•^ (Sanskrit, 
'^ (Arabic, . 








. Kurupa, virUpa^ rupahina. 
KabiAy basheaa. 


1 


Dhimil, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 




. . Mdremkd, mdelka, 
. . Baiya, 
. . Sarchd. 


^** 


Bask, . . 








Itsusiy ichusi, ezan, kemenge. 


^" 


Kdchdri, 




. . Caret 




Finnic, . 








. Ruma. 




' Munipuri, . . 


. . Sukthiba, 




Magyar, . 








Caret, 


* 


Mfthdn Ndg^ . 


. . Caret, 


^ 


Turkish, . 








Chirkin. 


TablungN^d, . 


. . Caret 


=1 


Circassian, 








. Eyeeh, 


1 


Khdri Ndgd, . . 


. . Maro, 


I" 


Georgian, 








. PUsu 


■^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 


. . Shopur, 


Mongolian, 








Orooda, 


.fc 


Ndmsdng N^d, . 


. Pangtsi, 


C 


Mantshu, 








, Botsikhe. 


s> 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


Matsong, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




. Halarupa. 


'^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 


. Machong, 




Javanese, Krama, 




Hawonwarni. 


? 


Abor Miri, . . 


Caret, 




Malay, . . . 




ITduh. 


■§ 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 


. Aimang, 


fc^ 


' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 




Ch*au-yang-uoh. 
CHau-yang-uoh. 


^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 


ijchini. 
Samndng. 


^ 


Chinese, Canton, 




CHau-yeong, 


"<t 


' Burman {^vrittm). 


. ArupchJw. 


"1 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Veh-haU'kiin. 


a 


Burman (spoken), . 


. AyokshOy ayup^ho. 


-^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




JCiap-sl 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


. Asii, ' 




Japanese. . . 




Mi-to-monai. 


*- 


Kdmi, .... 


. Akhesungr 












« 


Kilmi, .... 


. Hdio, 


Brahuf, . 








Caret 


1 


Mni v. Toung, . 


, Caret 


^ 


' Gydmi, 








. Hbufimyti. 


^ 


.Sdk, .... 


, Caret, 


K 


Gy^ung, . 








Makumchhur. 




' Talain v. Mon, . 


, Hen, 


h 


Tdkpa, . 








Lihumdni, gnomdmano. 


R 


Sgau-karen, . . 


. Tkhibah, 


i 

^ 


Mdnyak, . 








Mdmphyu, 


.« 


Pwo-karen, . . 


Lahurjg, 


Thochd, . 








Mdrkwu 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . 


. Caret, 


Sokpa, . . 








Mdbene. 




Shdn, .... 


. Hantichk. 


Horpa, . 








Memsyi^r, 


Annamitic, . . 


. Xdu, 


.« 


Tibetan {written). 






Midsesma^ mistugpo. 


Siamese, . . . 


, Rdi, houMkh, 


6 


Tibetan {spok€n\ 






Menjebo, 


1 


Ahom, .... 


. Khyepld, 










^ 


Khdmti, . . . 


, Hdng hat. 




Serpa, . . . 






Maiemu, masimba. 




Laos 


. HaL 


^^ 


Slinwdr, . 








Marimnoso. 


'^ f 




^ 


Glirung, . 
Milrmi. 








A'saba, 
Brotd khdba. 




Ho (Kol), . . 
Kol (Singhbhura), 


. KabUgi. 
, Esuetkalika, 


1 


Magar, . 
Th^sya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 

T.imhii 








Mdsecho, 

Mhi-dkydhopd. 

Caret 

Bdmala. 

Phembd 




Santili, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 




Tamboddi^ sarufa-manda, pa- 
Utea neloa, [karakah-sdhing, 

, Mdld 

. Kaihes, 
Caret, 


^ , 








JL ww^rwr%/\m^m 




Gondi, . . 




. Biirotd-manda, chokat-hilii. 




' Kirdnti, . 








Khdng&vo, 


4 


Gayeti, . 




. Caret. 




Rodong, . 








KMtse, 


Rutluk, . 




. Buro, 




Rdngchenbung, 






Khdn eutiko^ khan geuwo. 




Naikude, . 




. Caret. 




Chhingtdngya, 






UchWnOy uchuino. 




Kolami, . 




Wadinasaiti. 


«^ 


Ndchhereng, . 






Khdisada, 


^J 


MMi, . . 




. Lagory kattd. 


1 


Wiling, . 








Khdnu 




Mddia,. . 




. Banomyo. 


^ 


Ydkha, . 








IchcMgndna, 




Kuri, . . 




Caret. 


*§ 


Chourdsya, 








A'rdncho, 




Keikddi, . 




Gidadu. 


!S 


Kulungya, 








GndlUpa, 




Khond, . 




. Sonjabasdhe. 


|i' 


Thulungya, 








Mijyopa, 




Sivara, 




. Ambaste. 


Bihingya, . 








Mdrim'bCy -dadsi ;^ -dad,^ 




Gadaba, . 




. Nimmokdvord. 


•^ 


Lohorong, 








Kamisa. 




Yerukala, . 




. NaUadUld. 


§ 


Lambichhong 


9 






IPchu nuyuk nin. 




Chentsu, . 




. Khardb. 


i< 


Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khiling, . . 
Dungmdli, . 

Ddrhi, . . , 








KheKy^g^ khenninung. 

Khdisi, 

M^hdngpa, 

MdhhMgpa, 

Khaikkaikpu. 

Injeramro. 




'Tamil, anc, . . . 
Tamil, "^od-> • • • 
Malaydjma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod., . 
Telugu,' . . . . 
Kar^dtaka, anc, 


. Payirpdna. 

. Aruvaruppdfuiy andakeddna. 

. Caret. 

Verupufla. 

Vikdramaina. 
. Caret. 


1 


Denwir, . 








Caret. 


1, 


Kariiidtaka, mod., . 


. Andag^i. 


^ 

V 


Pahri, . . . 
Cheping, . . 








Bamaktguhmaf 
PUo. 


Tuluva, . . . . 
Kurgi,. . . . . 


Padiktitam. 
• Caret. 


S, . 


Bhrdmu, . . 








Masyon. 


^ 


To^uva,) . . . 
Toija, ; . . . 


. Oiieda. 


^ 


Viyu, . . . 








Mambif^, 


J 


. A'dddL 


1 


Ktiswar, . . 
Kummda, . . 




> • 






Kdta, 

aujagi, . . . . 


. JSoOa. 


OQ 


Thini,. . , 




JBtUttU9Uff$U 




IniK 


. i\aa. 




KtitfiiUT. Lb 


op 




• 


mSSr 1 




Malabar, . 
Sshalesey. 


• • * 


Avah^kana, 



»» 



: ^ .\*^l.'t.-i : ■- ■■■- 



.rSilr\^^'.'ir- 



;-. Digitized by 






Google 



194 



BLANC— WEISS— WHITE— BYELY-ALBUS. 



[chap. v. — ADJECTIVES. 



fc\ 


Types, 










1 (Sanskrit, .... S'ukla,s'w€ta,dhavala^sita, 


^ (Arabic, . 








Abyad, [/uchiy s!ubhra. 


*% 


' Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 








Zuriy churl, 
IValkia, 
Feher. 


^ 


Turkish, . 








. Ak, 




Circassian, 








. Pihshey, 




Georgian, 








ThethrL 


1 


Mongolian, 








Chagan. 


e 


Mantshu, 








Shangiyan. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




. Putih, 




Javanese, Krama, 




. Pe(ak. 




Malay, . . . 




. Puiih. 




Chinese, Nankin, 




. Peh, 


1 


Chinese, Pekin, 




. Pau 


Chinese, Canton, 




. Pdk, 


1 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Pah, 


>5 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




. Peh, 




Japanese, 








. Sirvi. 


Brahuf, . 








. Piun, 


:^ 


' Gydmi, . 








. Pidi, 


K 


Gydrung, . 








. Kaprom, 


h 


Tikpa, . 








. Kherii, 




Mdnyak, . 








. Dailu. 


Thochti, . 








. Phyokh, 


1' 


Sokpa, . . 








Chhdgdn. 




Horpa, . 








PhrU'phru, 


•?» 


Tibetan {writtm\ 






Dkdrpo, 




^ Tibetan {spokm\ 
' Serpa, . . . 






Kdrpo, 
Karpo, 


^ 


Silnwdr, . 








Bwisye. 




Giining, . 








Tdrkya. 


^ 


Miirmi, 








Tdra, 


1" 


Magar, . 








Bocho. 


Thdksya, . 








Tarpa. 


1 


Pdkhya, . 








. Seto, 


t 


Newdr, 
^ Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 








Tuyti. 
. Kuphora. 

LPmpi ydng wa, 
Pdyonma, iimpayonyon. 




Rdngchenbung, 






Omko, womydngy wopi 




Chhingtdngya, 






BaihHiina, [ya/tgma. 


c 


Ndchhereng, . 






Umlokpa, 


!> 


Wdling, . 








BothrHma, wompichichi. 


^ 


Ydkha, . 








Phuna, 


^ 


Chourdsya, 








Bubjoma, 


^M 


Kulungya, 








Womlopa, 


f 


Thulungya, 








Bub^m, 


1 


Bdhingya, . . 








Bubum, 


■§ 

2 


Lohorong, 








Bihd, blye. 


Lambichhong 


) 






Omyukkha, omyuk. 


i? 


BdUli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Dilmi, . . 
Khdiing, . 
^ Dungmdli, 








Beyepa, 

Ombanlonpa, 

Bubum, 

Bubiim. 

Om; omchi ;^ maongache} 


•< 


• Ddrhi, . . 








Goto, 


1 


Denwdr, . 








Goto, 




Pahri, . . 








Tuyjtiiguhma, 


Cheping, . 








Bhdmto, 


Bhr^mu, . 








A'bo. 


Vdyu, . . 








Dawdngmi. 


5 


Kuswar, . 








Pdndal, 


1 


Kusunda, . , 








A'sai, 


1^ 


Thdru,. . . 








Ujar, 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 




A'dtim, 




BhiStini V. Lli 


lop 


a, . 




Kdpo, 



% fBodo, . 




Guphiit, ' 


^ 


Dhimdl, 




Jeikd, jeika. 


t^ , 


Kocch, 




Dhoula, 


^ 


Garo, . 




Bokldng, 


^ 


Kichdri, 




Caret, 




' Munipuri, . . . 


. Angouba. 


^ 


Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 


. Thoh, 


1 


Tablung Ndgi, . . 


Heng, 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Mesing, 


^ 


Angdmi Ndgi, . . 


. Kacha. 


fc 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


. Apo, 


5 


Nowgong N^d, 


Tamasong, 


'S; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


. Masang, 


« 


Abor Miri, . . . 


. Asido, 


i2 


Sibsigar Miri, . . 


. Kdmpoddk, 


1 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


. Puri, 




Singpho, .... 


. Phrong, 


•<5 


' Burman {writun). 


. Phru, 


! 


Burman {spoken), . . 


. Phyu, hpyjithi. 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . 


. Buk, 


4) ' 


Kdrai, 


. Aiun, 


:: 


KiSmi, 


Kanlum, 


-<< 


Mni V. Toung, . . 


. Caret, 


^ 


Sdk, 


, Caret, 


' Talain v. Mon, . . 


, Hpatihn. 


^ 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


, Wah, 




Pwo-karen, . . . 


, Bwah, 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


. Bwd, 


;5 


Shdn, ..... 


. Khmdfig, 




Annaraitic, . . . 


Trang, 


Siamese, .... 


Khoung^ k/uju. 


•S 


Ahom, 


. Phok, 


^ 


Khdmti, .... 


, Khdu.pkuk, 




Laos, 


, KhdUypheuk. 




'Ho(Kol), . . . 


. Pundi, 




Kol (Singhbhura), . 


. Pundi, 




Santili, .... 


, Esely pofuidy giildi, beikeng. 




Bhumij, 




Hissu puma. 




Urdon, 




Pandru, 




Mundala, 




. Pundi, 




Rdjmahali 




. Jimpro, 




Gondi, . 




PangurOy pandari. 


.«* 


Gayeti, 




Pandari, 


1 


Rutluk, 




, Pandaro, 


s 


Naikude, 




, Touda, 


1 


Kolami, 




, Telodi, 


^ 


Mddi, . 




Pandari^ viditor. 


VJ 


Mddia, 




Padaral. 




Kuri, . 




Pulung. 




Keikddi, 




Vella. 




Khond, 




Sukkdre, 




Sivara, 




Palu, 




Gadaba, 




Tatdr, 




Yerukala, 




Va/edd, 




Chentsu, . 




Vujula, savarnita. 




' Tamil, anc. 


) . . . . 


VeUiya, 




Tamil, mod., . . . . 


Velutta, vei/ey. 




Malaydlraa, anc, . . 


Caret, 




Malaydjma, mod., . . 


Ve/utta. 




Telugu, 


Telia, telupu. 




Karndtaka, anc, . . 


Caret. 


1 


Kaniataka, mod., . . 


Bill, 


^ 


Tuluva, 


BoUafu, 


? • 


Kurgi, 


Baliad, 


1 


Toduva,) . . . . 
Toda, ) . . . . 


Pelpam, 


§ 


Belpu, 


«o 


K6ta, 


Velape, 




Badaga, 


Belapu. 




Kurumba, . . . . 


Bole, 




Iruja, 


VelU, 




Malabar, 


Venmei, 




Sinhalese, . 


. 


Sudu, 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] 



S'EVEILLEK—WACHEN— AWAKE— PROSNUTSYA—EXPERGISCI. 



195 



Types. 

•^ (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 



' Bask, . 
Finnic, 
Magyar, 
Turkish, 
Circassian, . . 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai. 
Amoy, Colloquial 
Japanese, 



1^ 



Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Minyak, 
ThochiS, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (written\ 

Tibetan (spoken), 

'Serpa, . 
SiSnwdr, 
Giirung, 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thiksya, 
Pdkhya, 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Rdngchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchherengj 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdlili, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Ddtni, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmili, 

Ddrhi, . 
Denwir, 
Pahri, . 
Chepdng, 
BhrAmn^ 






Jdgri, budh. 
Isieikaza, 

EsnatUy ematu^ irazarrL 

Herddn, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Waghkidseb. 

Serigu/gu. 

Geteme. 

Tangi. 

Tangi. 

Zdga. 

Sing. 

Hsing. 

Sing 

KaU'Chi-le^ kau-tsen-le. 

ChUn. 

Okiteru^ wokoshi. 

Bashkabota. 

Khile. 

Tarwas. 

Ldng. 

Dougwdh. 

Toron. 

Fos. 

Taryen. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Bok. 

Red. 

Caret. 

Swon. 

Reto. 

irtha. 

Dm. 

Phoke. 

Caret. 

Pukalenda^ khrupsa. 

Puwalonta, chi^ nin.^ 

Pogdk. 

Poka. 

Thing'ta. 

Cher^da. 

Bukdtd, sdistd. 

Poka. 

Bdka. 

BokkOy bokse^^ bokine.^ 

ChaWy poge^ poglenie. 

^(>i^y p(^<^hi,^ poga ni.'^ 

Polit, politaehi,^ poiita nin.^ 

Thittdchiy^ -ni} 

FhiHge. 

PhMye. 

Ph^. 

Chdas^ chitas. 

irtK 

Don. 

lyokche^ tyoksa. 

Sowa, 

ndimeJte, sUcke. 



I 



I 

I 



t*) 



^ 
h 






I 



'Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgi, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri N^d, . 
Angdmi Ndgi, 
Ndmsdng Nigd, 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 



Burman (written), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdrai, . . 
Kilmi, . . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sdk, . . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 



Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbh 
Santili, . 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gon^i, . . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolarai, . 
Midi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



um 



Tamij, anc, 
Taraij, mod., 
Malaydjma, anc. 
Malaydima, mod. 
Telugu,* . . 
Kar^dt^a, anc, 
Kan^it^ika, mod., 
Tujuva, . 
Kui^. . 
Tcxjuva,) 
Toija, ; 
Kdta, . . 

Esrnw% 






Jakhdng^ sidimanno (pass.). 
Chetam (pass.), lhop>d (act). 
Jdgibar. 
Sarai. 
Caret. 

Hougolo. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Sishaugo. 

Sirte. 

Chingo. 

Ula. 

Phayd. 

Emiiaipa. 

Ddrdoku. 

Hamamani. 

Dumu. 

N^. 

Kakdk. 

Thd. 

Anthd. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Ngu. 

Puthinaw. 

Nang-tang. 

Ttng 

Ten. 

TM'k. 

Tein, tiin. 

Teng 

Tiin. 

Tun. 

Eneted. 
Birman. 
Ebhenohte. 
RMrman. 
Amhakhandara. 
Addgya. 
Ejra. 

Jagemdn^ chaitoana. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Yedi. 

Ningd4ahdmu. 
Dimegp. 

Mo4ukusudtikka. \4uyiru. 
Teligayirukku^ dindugun 
Jd^ero^ jdgakraho. 

Caret. 

Vizhittal. 

Caret. 

Unaru. 

Mklukanu. 

Caret. 

Echchattiru. 

Eehchirigi4upuna. 

Caret. 

Caret, [yecharickagir. 

B^aderth bini^ vorigadi, 

Mekikene^ yecharagiru. 

YUddane^ yecharike iru. 

Ytckarikeagiru. 

YMs, ncfuid ^rccve. 

vaappu. 




"■• ■•• ;-i- .!'> digitized by GooqIc 



.96 



APPORTER—BRINGEN— BRING— PRINOSIT—FERRE. 



[chap. VI. VERBS. 



Types. 

I (Sanskrit, 
'g, (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 



I 



.5 

I 

I 

6 



I 
I 



} 

is. 

I 






Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tikpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochii, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {wrUUn\ 
Tibetan {spoken), 

' Seq^a, . 
Silnwdr, 
Gdrung, 
Mdrmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, 
Pdkhya, 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wdling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Larabichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
Sing-ping, 
Dilmi, . . 
Khiling, . 
Dungmdli, 

f Dirhi, . 
Denwdr, 
Pahri, . 
Chepdng, 
Bhrdmu, 
Viyu, . 
Kuswar, 
Kusunda, 
Thdru, . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
BhiStini V. Lhopa, 



A'ni, ni, 
Jdha, 

Ekarri. 

Tuon. 

Hoz. 

Getir. 

Kakh. 

Caret, 

Atcharakho. 

Gatchime, 

Hanggdwa. 

Hambekta, 

Bdwa, 

Pd-iau 

Pd-lau 

Nim-loi. 

Tan-ie. 

Teh4di. 

Mote-koi, 

ffalbOj hatbo. 

Ldle, 

Kopet. 

Rotd, 

Trulhe, 

Dzila. 

A hbatdhira. 

Wukhye. 
lAkhyoHy skyeh, 
Bdsyo. 

Gyap. 

Fit. 

Fog. 

Bou. 

Rdko, 

Bhakau. 

Zyd/yd. 

Haki, 

Fheppe, 

Fddng. 

Baizyii, baidyu. 

Bdttuki bana. 

Thdpta. 

Beh'yu. 

Bdttu. 

Ap'tu, 

Fhittd. 

Bdh'yu. 

Fhida. \la(fapamno.^ 

Fltyo, ratOy pitise,^ pitine,^ 

LddAppo^ loifappe, loifapche.^ 

Thdpta, 

Ddppu, yangddppu. 

Bdhyu. 

Fide, 

Fide^ pichie,^ pismye.'^ 

Tdg'wey tagwechie^ 

Anak. \tagnumye.- 

A'nhik. 

Btiyd. 

Caret. 

Khdu 

Fishto, 

Anik, 

A'i. 

Zydre, ledre, 

Budi, 
Bdsyo. 



^ 

^ 
^ 



I 

•I 

I 









•5 



.1 



4 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Koccli, 
Garo, . 
[ Kichiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgi, 
Khiri Ndgi, . 
Angimi Ndgi, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgi, 
Tengsa Nigd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 
Burman {wrUUn), 
Burman {spcken\ 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, . 
Kdrai, . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sik, . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, 
Khirati, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho(Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhum), 

Santili, 

Bhiimij, 

Urion, 

Mundala, 

Rijraahalij 

Gondi, . 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolarai, 

Midi, . 

Midia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikidi, 

Khond, 

Si vara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malayilma, anc. 
Malayilma, mod. 
Telugu,* . . 
Karnitaka, anc 
Karnitaka, mod 
Tujiiva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva, ) 
Toda, ]■ 
K6ta, . . 
Baraga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Ldbo. 

Chumdy ch^mtengleli. 

Ledsibar. 

Ldphd. 

Labau. 

FuriHto. 
Ldhai. 

Yakei. 
Heneratli. 
Seyawe, 

Vanro. 
A'nyaung. 
Khaluang. 
Bombipu. 
Bomkuka. 
Larini. 
Ldu. 

Yukhe. 

Yughe. 

Caret. 

Mahdi. 

Lo. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Kitnen. 

If also, haitso. 

Ghaitsoh. 

Htutone. 

Oungma. 

T>em4in. 

Oungman, aumd. 

A'nmd. 

Aumd. 

Aumd. 

A Tinted. 
Dd. 

Gemeraie, dguite, ididgtiUe. 
Daigodgueman. 
Ondrd. 
A'gomen. 
Ondrd. 

Tardnigd, tdttami. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Kunda. 
Tdmu. 
Fangayiba. 
Yindre. 
Yitkkofidu. 
A'ne, diyd. 

Kond. 

Kofufuvd, koridd. 

Caret, 

Kofufuvartd. 

Teehchu, tisuka. 

Caret, 

Taru, td. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Tashken, 

Ka4ube. 

Tanane. 

Tanane, 

Tarke. 

Konduvd. 

Genenavd, 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] 



VENIR—KOMMEN—COME-PRIDTI— VENIRE. 



197 



Types, 

•^ (Sanskrit, . . . 
^ (Arabic, .... 

Bask, 

Finnic, .... 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish,. . . . 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, .... 



I 
I 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
^ Chinese, Pekin, . 
,§ J Chinese, Canton, . 
•| I Chinese, Shanghai, 
^ Amoy, Colloquial, . 
[Japanese, . . . 



A'gam, <r, dyd. 
Ja'a, dia. 

Eiorri^ ddu izan, 
Tulm, 
Jo, 
Gel, 

Kahkuyey. 
Mokad. 
Irekho, 
Dohime. 
Teka, 
T>ateng. 
Ddtang, 

ML 

LdL 

Lou 

Le, 

L&L 

Kuru^ kitari. 



Brahuf, Barak. 



' Gydmi, . . . 
Gydrung, . . . 
Tdkpa, . . . 
Minyak, . . . 
Thochii, . . . 
Sokpa, . . . . 
Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan {wrUtm\ 
Tibetan {spoken), . 

Serpa, .... 

SiSnwdr, . . . 

Gilrung, . . . 

Mdrmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thiksya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newdr, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



Kirdnti, . . . 

Rodong, . . . 
Rdngchenbung, . 

Chhingtingya, . 

Ndchhereng, . . 

Wiling, . . . 

Ydkha, . . . 

Chourdsya, . . 

Kulungya, . . 

Thulungya, . . 

Bdhingya, . . . 

Lohorong, . . 

Lambichhong, . 

Bdlili, . . . . 

S^g-p4ng, . . 

Ddmi, . . . . 

Khiling, . . . 

Dungmili, . . 

fDirhi, . . . . 

Denwdr, . . . 

Pahri, . . . . 

Cheping, . . . 

Huamu^ . . . 

Vi^. . . . 



Le, 

Kapun, papun, 

Syo, 

Lemo. 

Hat, 

Ire, 

KunUien, 

Hlmg^ i-byon, 

Syo, 

Syok. 
Fyji, 
Kho. 

Khou^ jyangou. 
Rdnl, 
Khau. 
AHja. 
Wd, 
Phere. 

Bdnd, 

Bdna, 

Bdtia, 

Thdba, 

Tdwa. 

Bdna. 

Aba, 

Pikdtd, 

Bdna, 

Bika, 

Piwo, rdwo, pi-se^^ pi-nc.^ 

Ddbe^ daehe,^ da-ne,^ 

Thdba, thdbachi,^ thabani,^ 

Ddbe^ dabac?U^ dabanin,^ 

Bdnd^i,^ -ni.^ 

PH. 

Pa^ye. 

Tdbe, 

A'UJi 
An, 
Ld. 
CareL 

PM. 






St. 

4A 



I 



I 

I 






.6 






I 
I 



Bodo, Phoi. 

Dhimdl, Lo.le. 

Kocch, A'sibar. 

Garo, Phoi. 

Kichdri, Phai, 



' Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Nigd, . 
Tablung Ndgi, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsing Ndgd, . 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

' Burraan (written), 
Burman (spoken), , 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kdmi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 

[Sdk, . . . . 



Lao, 

Rdhai. 

Otigkoi. 

Hinnerang, 

Akiphirche. 

Kdro, 

Arung. 

Ahalu. 

Gikupu. 

Kdpu. 

Nangkwd. 

Sdu, 

Ld, rok, 

Ld, yauk. 

Lo, 

Fa. 

You, 

Caret, 

Caret. 



' Talain v. Mon, . . . Kalonra. 

Sgau-karen, .... Ha\. 

Pwo-karen, .... Ghay. 

Toungh-thu, .... lA>ne. 

Shin, Mha, 

Annamitic, .... D^n, lai. 

Siamese, Md, 

Ahom, Md. 

Khimti, Md, 

Laos, Md. 

' Ho (Kol), .... Hujuted, setreted. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Hujuman. 

Santdli, Ddrdite, hejuhte, 

Bhdmij, HijUman, 

Urion,. Bdnd. 

Mundafa, Deia hdjtim. 

Rdjmahali, .... Bdrd, 

Gondi, Bdrdnigd, wara. 

Gayeti, Caret, 

Rutluk, Caret. 

Naikude, Caret. 

Kolami, Caret. 

Midi, Caret. 

Mddia, Caret, 

Kuri, Caret, 

Keikddi, Wango. 

Khon<jl, Ninju. 

Sdvara, Jdyeba, 

Gadaba, Phinge, 

Yerukala, Vd, vdrd. 

Chentsu, Asibo, asili. 

Taraij, anc Caret. 

Tamij, mod., .... Vd. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydlma, mod., . . Varu. 

Telugu, Vachchu, cheru. 

Kar^dtaka, ana, . . Caret. 

Karpd^aka^ mod., . . BarUy bd. 

Tujuva, Barapuna. 

Kuigi, Card. 

To^uva,) .... Card. 

To^ ) . . . . 7/-W, 

Kdta, It-w^ vdge. 






Iteia. 

IH-ta, barav€. 

Vd. 

Warm, enavi. 




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198 



BOIRE—TRINKEN— DRINK— PIT— BIBERE. 



[chap. VI. VERBS. 






St 

I 



I 



t 

I 



I j Sanskrit, 
•|^ (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, ... 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, . 



Gydmi, 
Gyirung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 
Tibetan {writteit\ 
Tibetan {spokm), 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
GiSrung, . 
Milrmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Larabichhong, 

Bildli, . . 

Sdng-ping, 

Dilmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

D^hi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Cheping, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhutdni v. Lhopa, 



I 
I 



Pd {pivati), 
Sharaba. 

Edan. 

Juon. 

I'n. 

Pch. 

Yeshwey. 

Wsnwad (swam), 

Ughucho, 

Omime, 

Ngombe. 

Ngunjuk. 

Minom. 

K'ofu 

Ho. • ^ ' 

Yam, 

He/i, cHah (eat or drink). 

Nomu. 

Liffty nomi. 

Dir kutiakh. 

Khwd, 
Tamot. 
TJwng. 
Gnachhoh. 
AM. 
Wtw. 
Wathi. 
l\thung. 
Thufig. 

Thung. 

Tung. 

Thunu. 

Thung. 

Gau. 

Piu. 

Piu. 

Ton. 

Thungne. 

Dung. 

Dtigno, dugnu. 

Dugno, dugnac/iUy 

Thtiwa, thua. 

Diingo. 

Dugno. 

U'gnii. 

Tukdtd. 

Dun^gnu. 

Dugnd. 

Tugnotungo, tuse,^ tune.^ 

Dunge^ dungeche,^ dungane} 

Thugndy thugnachu.^ 

Dugno y dagnachi.^ 

Dugnu ^ dugnuchu^^ 

Tingne. 

Tyung'ye. 

Tugne. 

Py^. 

K/idik. 

Toin. 

T^mchfy tumsd. 

Sydnga. 

Tungche, tungko. 

KMik. 

Tdng'gonong. 

Piyal, pUdyaba. 

Thong. 
Thong 



dugna- 
[num.^ 



dugna- 
[fium.^ 






' Bodo, Liing. 

Dhimdl, A'm. 

■ Kocch, Pibdr. 

Garo, Lting. 

Kdchdri, Lang. 



"5 



^5 



4 



^ 
h 



=1 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

Burman {written), 

Burraan {spoken), . 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kiimi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
[Sdk, . . . . 



Thouo. 
Singhd. 
Yang ying shi. 
Atsiong. 
Dziikretoivc. 
Joko. 
Chajamti. 
Tunun. 
Taipii. 
Tiipu. 
Jinime. 
Lun. 

Sok. 

Thauk. 

Ue. 

Nei. 

Nd. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Thou. 

OwraUy auh. 

Aw. 

Nwa. 

Kyen. 

Udng. 



Talain v. Mon, . . 
Sgau-karen, . . . 
Pwo-karen, . . . 
Toungh-thu, . . . 

Shdn, 

Annamitic, ... 

Siamese, Deum^ kenn. 

Ahom, Kleu. 

Khdmti, Kinnam. 

Laos, Kinnam. 

'Ho(Kol), .... Mooited. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Nueman. 

Santdli, Gnuite. 

BhiSraij, Nayman. 

Urdon, ITndh. 

Mundala, Noimi. 

Rdjmahali, .... Ond. 

Gondi, Yerili undkar, undana. 

Gayeti, Caret. 

Rutluk, Caret. 

Naikude, Caret. 

Kolami, Caret. 

Mddi, Caret. 

Mddia, Caret 

Kuri, Caret. 

Keikddi, Kudi. 

Khond, Punamu. 

Sdvara, Gdba. 

Gadaba, Yidu. 

Yerukala, Kudi. 

Chentsu, /¥, piyer. 

' Tamil, anc, .... Caret. 

Tamil, mod., .... Kudi, 

Malaydlma, anc. . . Caret. 

Malaydima, mod., . . Ku4ikka. 

Telugu,* Tdgu. 

Karndtaka, anc, . . . Caret, 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Ku4i* 

Tuluva, Parapuna, 

Kurgi, Caret. 

Toduva, ) . . , . Caret, 

Toda, \ , . . . UnUy udth-bini. 

K6ta, U'ne^ unikiene. 

Badaga, . . . . ■• . AW/, kudidane. 

Kurumba, .... Kudi. 

Irula, Kudidukove^ kudidukoj^eko^ 

Malabar, Kudi, \tink^. 

Sinhalese, Bona7va. 



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CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] 


- — 


MANGER— ESSEN— 


. Types, 




1 (Sanskrit, .... Khdd, bliaksh, bhuj. 


^ (Arabic, . . . 




. A kola. 


•s 


fBASK, .... 




Jariy yan. 




Finnic, . . . 




Syon. 




Magyar, . . . 




En, 


5?= 


Turkish, . . . 




Ye, 


"§ 


Circassian, . . 




Tesheshi, 


IS 


Georgian, . . 




Jamad (cham). 


Mongolian, . . 




Ideku, 


<s 


Mantshu, . . 




Dsheme, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Mangan, 




Javanese, Krama, 




Neda, 




Malay, . . . 




Mdkan. 




r Chinese, Nankin, 




JCih, 


b'o 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Ch'ih, 


% 


Chinese, Canton, 




Shik, 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




CHah, 


<; 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Chidh, 




Japanese, . . 




Taberu, kurai. 


Brahuf, . . 






Kunakh, 


^ 


r Gydmi, . . 






Thye, khye. 


j:; 


Gydrung, . . 






. Tazo, 


h 


Tdkpa, . . 
Minyak, . . 






. Zo, 
Gnajeu, 


% ' 


Thochti, . . 






. Adz. 


1 


Sokpa, . . . 






. Ethe. 


Horpa, . . 






Natigi. 


§ 


Tibetan {.written). 






. Zo, 


s 


Tibetan {spoken), 
rSerpa, . . . 






. So, 
*Sf, so. 


■^ 


Siinwdr, . . 
Giirang, . . 






. Jdu. 
, Chad, 


^ 


Miirmi, . . 






, Chou, 


t 


Magar, . . 






. Je&, 


Thdksya, . . 






, Lhila. 


\ 


Pdkhya, . . 






Gdu, khi/iwa. 


t 


Nevvdr, . . 
Limbu, . . 

' Kirdnti, . . 
Rodong, . . 
RiSngchenbung, 
Chhingt^gya, 






. Na, 
, Che. 

, Cho. 

, Cho, 

Cho, chacheu, chachi^ {cha- 
Chofia, choa, \nuni),^ 


c- 


Ndchhereng, . 






Chuu, 


!■ 


Wiling, . . 






. Cho, 


^ 


Ydkha, . . 






, Cho, 


1 


Chourisya, . 






. Jdkdtd. 


is 


Kulungya, 






. Cho, 




Thulungya, . 






. Pe, 


Bdhingya, . . 






JldwOy jdwo, jase,^ Jane,'* 




Lohorong, 






Chae^ choye, chaiche^^ chaine,^ 


Lambichhong, 






Cho, chasachu,^ chasanum.^ 


1 


Bilj^li, . . . 
Sdng-ping, . 
Diimi, . . . 
Khdling, . . 
Dungm^li, 

'Dirhi, .... 
Denwir, . . . 
Pahri, .... 






ChOy chachi^ chanin.^ 
Cho, chochu,^ chanum.^ 

Jyu, 

Jy^ye, h4ye, 
Choye, 

Khtm, 
Khdik. 

Ne. 


V 


Chepdng, . . . 






JecheJUsa. 


1 


Bir^iL . . . 

VijTH, . . . . 

Kanmr, . . . 






Chi. 

JAche^jako, 
KUdk 


J 


Ifmy^iff^tfl^ . . , 




. A!m. 


* 


i.TMb^,. » , . . 


. SmL 


i«^.^auta^ . . %m 




iBMMBIV.Un 


^M 


i 


ssm- 



199 






I 

I 



*<5 

i 
h 






I 

h 

•J 



4 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . . 
Tablung N^d, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Ndmsdng Ndgi, . 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, . 
Abor Miri, , . 
Sibsdgar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 



Burman {written), 

Burman {spoken), , 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, .... 
Kiimi, .... 
Mni v. Toung, . 
Sak, .... 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shdn, . . . 
Annamitic, . 
Siamese, . . 
Ahom, . . . 
Khdmti, . . 
Laos, . . . 



Ho (Kol), . . 

Kol (Singhbhum), 

Santili, 

Bhiimij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali 

Gondi, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Mddi, . 

Mddia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikddi, 

Khond, 

Sdvara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 



Tamil, ana, . 
Tamil, mod., . 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydima, mod., 
Telugu,* . . . 
KarQit^a, anc, 
Karndjaka, mod., 
Tuliiva, . 
Korgi,. . 
To^UTa,) 
To^a, ) 




Jd, 

Chd. 
Kfidbar. 
Sd. 
Caret. 

Chdo, 

Sdhd, 

Hdchi. 

Tsaung, 

Chiiiche. 

Chdo, 

Chijong, 

Tyu, 

Dolanka, 

Dolangka, 

Harini, 

Shdu, 

Chd, 

E, 

Tsd, 
Tsd, 
Caret. 
Caret. 

Tsi, 

Anw, au, 

Awng, 

Am, 

Kyen, 

An, 

Kenn, kin. 

Kin, 

Kin, 

Kin, 

Jometed, 

Jumeman, 

Jomate, tdpdgate, Idpefde, 

Jumidbo, 

Mokhdh, 

Jamemi, 

Ldpd, mokdmina. 

Bdratity tindana. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Tin. 

Tinumu, 

Gdba^ jombd. 

Som, 

Vunu, kulla. 

KM, khayyc. 

Caret, 

Tin, 

Caret, 

Tinnu, unnu. 

Tinu, 

Caret, 

Tinnu. 

Thmpuna, 

Vnn. 

Caret. 

T^idthrhine, tennu, 

Itggefte, tinnu, 

Thume^ tinnu. 

HMe, tmnave, tindukc. 









f 










200 



DONNER—GEBEN— GIVE— DAT— DARE. 



[chap. VI.— VERBn 



. Types. 


$ (Sanskrit, .... Dd, yam {yachchhati), dad. 


\ (Arabic, . 








Aata^ wahaba. 


'N 


Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 








Eman, emon, 

Annan. 

Ad 


^<) 


Turkish, . 








Ver, 


•^ 


Circassian, 








Yetteh. 


$ - 


Georgian, 








Wadzleb {dzl). 


§- 


Mongolian, 








Okku. 


d 


Mantshu, 








Bume. 




Javanese, Ngoko, . 




Haweh. 




Javanese, Krama, . 




Suka. 




Malay, . . . . 




Bri, kasi. 




f Chinese, Nankin, 




Kih. 


^ 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Kei. 




Chinese, Canton, 




Pi. 


^ 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Pch. 


^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Ho. 




Japanese, 








YarUy aiaye. 


Brahuf, . 








Ety. 


^ 


f Gydmi, . 








Ki, yoho. 




Gydrung, . 








Davong, davo. 


^ 


Tdkpa, . 








Be, bin. 




Mdnyak, . . 








Wakhi, takhi. 


Thochii, . . 








Dagsh, kwMgsh. 




Sokpa, . . 








Wugy euk. 


Horpa, . . 








Tukhye, tukhong. 


y 


Tibetan (written). 






Yib<ih, phul, thong. 


d 


Tibetan {spoken), . 
Serpa, . . . 






Phin^ babak. 
Bin, 


^^ 


Sunwdr, . . 








Gi, 


S 


Gdrung, . 








Pin. 


•a 


Miirmi, . , 








Pin, 




Magar, . 








Ldni, 


Thdksya, . 








Pino, 


1- 


Pdkhya, . . 








Deu. 


Newdr, . 








Byti, a. 




Limbu, 








Pire, pirangne. 




^Kirdnti, . , 








Pddng, pdi. 




Rodong, . . 








Pdong, idu. 




Riingchenbung, 






Pudng, changy^ nang.^ 




Chhingtdngya, 






Ptiang, pu. 


^ 


Ndchhereng, . 






Plawa, piyo. 


1 


Wdling, . 








Pudng, pii. 


^' 


Ydkha, . 








Kapydng, piangpi. 


^ 


Chour^ya, 








Gakdy goktd. 


^ 


Kulungya, 








Piyd, piyu. 


-^ 


Thulungya, 








Gwddngy gu'dka. 


^ 


Bihingya, . 








Giyigiwo, gise^^ gine.^ 




Lohorong, 








Pigne^pitte^pigache,^ pigam.^ 


Lambichhong 


> 






Pirdng, 


i^ 


Bildli, . . 








Pignd, pittu. 


Sdng-pdng, 








Pidn, 




Dumi, . . 








Blgnd, bi. 




Khdling, . 








. Bigndye. 




Dungmdli, 








' Piydngye^ piye. 




r Ddrhi, . . 






. Dihik. 


\ 


Denwdr, . 


, , 




. mm. 


% 


Pahri, . . 








Bichhon, 


% 


Chepdng, . 








Bui, 


4.' 


Bhrdmu, . 








Pyii. 


^ 


Vdyu, . . 








Hdio. 


^ 


Kuswar, . 








. Deik, 


■^ 


Kusunda, . 








. A'i, 


^ 


[ Thiru, . . 








Dada. 


Lepcha (Sikkim), 




, Bo, bi. 




Bhdtdni v. LI 


lop 


a, 




. Ndng, bdbak. 



I 

■a 



I 

:5 






I 
I 



■^ 






J 



.« 
^ 



Bodo, . . 

Dhimdl, . 
Kocch, 

Garo, . . 

Kichdri, . 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgi, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khiri Ndgi, . 
Angdmi Ndgi, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 



Burman (ivritten), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou 
Kdmi, ... 
Kiimi, . . . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sdk, . . . 



Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shdn, . . . 
Annamitic, . 
Siamese, . . 
Ahom, . . . 
Khdmti, . . 
Laos, . . . 



f Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum 
Santili, . 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjraahali, 
Gon^i, . . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Kho^d, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 



' Tamil, anc, . 
Tamil, mod., . 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malay di ma, mod. 
Telugu,' . . 
Karndtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod, 
Tuliiva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, I 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



), 



Hot. 

Pi. 

Ddnkonu, dibdr, 

Hd, 

Caret, 

Pio. 
Lahai. 

Yakhu. 

Khiugo. 

Siiwawe. 

Ku. 

Kwdng, 

Khalang. 

BipU, 

Sopd, 

Larini. 

Ydu. 

Pekhya. 

Pekhyd, pe. 

Pege. 

Nap^. 

Pei, 

Card. 

Caret, 

Ka, 

Halaw^ ha. 

Pilong. 

Pha, 

Pan, 

Sho, 

Hihn, hoi. 

Heu, 

Hau, 

Hii, 

Emeted. 

Immaiman, 

Emate, gataiite. 

IPmaiman. 

Chhid, 

Dd, 

Katd, 

Siy siana. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Kudu, 

Siydninju. 

Tiiisibba, 

Chedive. 

Td, vanko. 

Nediyo. 

Caret, 
Kodu, 
Caret, 

Kotukka^ tarn. 
Iciuhu. 

r, 

Kodu, 
Kodupuna. 
Td, 
Caret, 

Tashken, ta, kor, 
Kadube, ta, 
Tanane, ta, kodu. 
Tanane, kodu. 
Tarke, tarave. 
Thdkodu, 
Diyan, denai'd. 



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CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] 



ALLER— GEHEN— GO— IDTI— IRE. 



20 1 



> 



i 



^0 

I 



J 

f 
I 



} 



, Types. 

vg (Sanskjrit, 
'^ (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Kraraa, 

Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 



•I 



«i: 



S 



11 



Brahui, 

Gydmi, 
Gydrung, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
ThochiS, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan [spoken), 

Serpa, . 

SiSnwdr, 

Gdrung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Rungchenbung, 

Chhingt^gya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Y^kha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

DiSmi, . . 

Khiling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhramti, . 
VAyii, . . 
Ktiswar, . 
Kti8iiiid% * 
Thutty* • • V • 

Lepdia ^OkklB^ « 



Gam, yd, sri {sarati), chaly 
Rdha, \char, pad, 

/oany Jufiy gan, 

Menen. 

Men, 

GiL 

YagOy fnago, 

Slwad {wal\ 

Odkho, 

Geneme. 

Lunga. 

Kesah, 

Pargi. 

JCu. 

Ch'u, 

Hu, 

Chi. 

JCl 

Iku, yuki. 

Hinak. 

Chhi, 

Yeyen, dachin. 

Gai, 

Vti. 

Ddkan. 

Yd bit (?). 

Tashifiy washin. 

Song, gro, gyu, 

Gyo, song. 

Gyok. 

Lau. 

Vdd. 

JVyiiy syego. 

N^ ni. 

Hero. 

Bdija. 

Hon. 

Bege. 

Khdrd. 

A to, pun^sa. 

Khdra^ -chinin.^ 

Khdda. 

Khdta. 

Khdra. 

Khyd. 

Levdsid. 

Khdta. 

Daksa. 

LdwOy Idse^ Idne.^ 

Khd4e, khache,^ khane.^ 

Khd^dy IMufachi,^ kha4ani.* 

Khtda, khedachiy * kheda nin. * 

Khdtd,^ chim.^ 

Khochche. 

Khoche. 

Khdde. 

Jd^ 

fd. 

Ldson. 

Caret, 

Yengd, yengjBL 

IMld. 

Nd^fMm. 

m. 









tJ; 



I 



I 



■n 



I 

i 



Bodo, . 
Dhim^l, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndg4 
Tablung N4g4 
KhdriNdg^. 
Ang^mi Ndg^ 
N^s^g Ndgd, 
Nowgong N^^ 
Tengsa N^^ 
Abor Miri, 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman [written^ 
Burman {spoken), 
KLhyeng v, Shou, 
Kdmi, 
KiSmi, 
MnS V. Toungj 

[Sdk, 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum), 
SantiU, . 
BhiSraij, . 
Ui4on, 
Mundala, . 
Rijmahali, 
Gondi, . . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
MMa, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikidi, . 
Khon^, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 
' Tamil, anc., 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydima, mod 
Telugu," . . 
Karnd^a, anc, 
Kar^ifaka, mod«, 
Tuluva, 
Kmgi, . 
Toduva,) 

To*i, ; 

Kdta, . 
Badaiau 




TMng. 

Hade. 

Jdbdr. 

Lot, 

Tung. 

Chulo. 

Tong, 

Angst. 

Wd. 

Toiache. 

Kdo. 

Tsu, wang. 

Chennang, 

Gupu gtkangka. 

Sd. 

A'kend, 

Wdn, 

Swd, kwya. 

Thwd, kyud. 

Tsit, 

Ld, 

Ld, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Aara. 

La\,U, 

Lay, 

Lway. 

Kwa, 

D/. 

Fihk,pai. 

Kd. 

Kd. 

Pai, men. 

Senotedy olted. 

Sanoam. 

Chalahman. 

Sanoman. 

Kdld. 

Diisendmi. 

Ekd, kdld, 

Hannogaima, handana. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Ponga. 

Nalldkanju. 

Maba. 

Voyindyare. 

Po. 

Jdyiviyjd. 

Caret. 

Pb. 

Caret. 

Po. 

PovUy ve^u. 

Caret, 

Hbgu, 

Popuna, 

Po. 

Caret. 

Atfo. 

At hogu. 

A'Uhogu. 

A'teh^. 

She. 

A. 

Vtmopd. 



ae 







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202 



ECOUTER— HOREN — HEAR— SLUSHAT— AUDIRE. 



[CHAP. VI.~VERBS. 



2-D 



. Types, 

I f Sanskrit, 
'^^ (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 



h 

% 



I 



I 



I 

I 



Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 

Gydrung, 

Tdkpa, 

Mdnyak, 

Thochd, 

Sokpa, 

Horpa, 

Tibetan {written) 

Tibetan {spokm\ 

' Serpa, . 
Silnwdr, 
Gdrung, 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, 
Pdkhya, 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, 
Rodong, 
Riingchenbungj 
Chhingtingya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wiling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bihingya, . 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdldli, . . 
S^g-pdng, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denw4r, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru,. . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
BhiStdni V. Lhopa, 



S'rUy dkarn, 
Samaa. 

Aditu^ entzun, 

Kuulen, 

Hail, 

/shit. 

Yaydoh, 

Smenad. 

Sonosk/io. 

Dontshime, 

Mireng. 
Dangar. 

T^ing-kien. 

T^ing-chim. 

T'ing-k^in. 

Ting, 

nan, 

Kiku. 

Khafto, bingak. 

Thyen. 
Karnyou. 
Nyan. 
Khabe ni, 
Kokshttstan, 
Sunn, 
Wul min, 
Nyan^ gson. 
Nyen. 

Nyen, 

Nyen. 

Thed. 

Gndn. 

Thandso, 

Nagnino. 

Suna. 

Nyo, 

Khepse^ khepse, 

Yenii, 
Yetiyu, 

Yenu, enu^ etiachu^ * enanum,^ 
Khem sa. 
Yena. 
Yenu, 
Khep'su. 
Thokdtd. 
Yenu, 
Thyosa. 

NinOf ninishe^^ ninne.^ 
Khetne; khemache ;^ khem- 
Khemsa, \amm.^ 

Yenu, 
Yenu, 
Ni, 

Niye ; niiye;^ na niye} 
Yen£; yen'che;^ yenanum'ye,^ 

Sunkare, 

Sun, 

Nyu, 

Sdi, 

Asoyo. 

Hdnko, thdko. 

Sunou, 

Malabo, 

Suna, 

Nyen, 
Nyen. 



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I 



I 



! 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Nigd, 
Tablung Nig4 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman (written), 
Burman [spoJ^en), 
Khyeng v. ShoUj 
Kdmi, . 
Kdmi, . 
Mni V. Toung, 
Sdk, . 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhum), 

Santili, 

Bhilmij, 

Urion, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali, 

Gondi, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Midi, . 

Midia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikidi, 

Khon^, 

Sdvara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 

' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malayilma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod 
Telugu, . . 
Karnitaka, anc., 
Karnijaka, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, I 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, 
Kurumba, 
Iruia, . , 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, 



Khand chong. 

liin. 

Caret. 

Natdm. 

Carrt. 

Too. 
Athak. 
Chai /la. 
Jaugo, 
Silotve. 
Tdto. 
Adshu, 
Angdng, 
Tadtrapii, 
Tdttoka. 
Kanatori. 
Ndngu. 

Krd. 

¥iyd, nahtounihi. 

Kayauk, 

TML 

Thdi. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Kalan. 

Nahhu, 

Nahgung, 

Heung. 

Htanl^, 

Ngh^. 

Htawlofiy dai yin, 

Nyin. 

Ngin, 

Nyin. 

Ayumted, 

Jaimman, 

Jytimman. 

Jyummanmego. 

Mijnka. 

JyatitMmi, 

Mend. 

Ketnjana, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Kar, u^ei, 

Venjdmu. 

An4dngd. 

Vovo. 

KerUy ketu. 

Sun, 

Caret. 
Kkl, 
Caret, 
Kef, 
Vinu, 
Caret. 
Kilu, 
Caret. 
Caret. 

Caret, Kf '' 

Keith bine, vonatth w«^' 
Vorutabe, voruttulle. 
Kretine, voradinCy kte. 
Kretine, voradine, kelu. 
Kelke, ketukcve. 
Kel. 
Ahanavd, 



^^MH 



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CHAP. VI.— VERBS. 


] 






TUER— TODTEN- 


Types, 


■^ (Sanskrit, .... Han, badhy mri (mdrayati) 


\ (Arabic, . 








. Yijitala, 


^ 


Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 








II, eriotu, eriokatu, sarba- 
. Tapan, \skitu. 
Caret. 


^ 


Turkish, . 








. Euldur, 


1 


Circassian, 








, Uikkey. 


1' 


Georgian, 








Wklav \kl\ 


1 


Mongolian, 








Alakho. 


3 


Mantshu, 








Wame. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




MaiennL 




Javanese, Krama, 




Mejahhi, 




Malay, . . . 




Bunoh, 




' Chinese, Nankin, . 




Shdh. 


^ 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Shd. 




Chinese, Canton, . 




Shot. 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Sah. 


*i2 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 




Tdi. 




Japanese, 






Korosii, koroshi. 


Brahuf, . 








Kasbo. 


i 


' Gydmi, . . 








Sd. 


g 


Gydrung, . 








Ndse. 


h 


Tdkpa, . . 








Sotd. 




Mdnyak, . 








Nasya. 


ThochU, . . 








Taseh, 


1 


Sokpa, . . . 








Caret, 


Horpa, . . 








Tas/ie. 


^ 


Tibetan (written). 






Shig sod, hgum. 


6 


^ Tibetan (spoken), 
Serpa, . . . 






Se. 
Syet. 


1 


Siinwdr, . 
Gilrung, . 








Sat. 
Thody sed. 


•a 


MiSrmi, . 








Sdt 




Magar, . . 








Gndp. 


Thiksya, . 








Caret. 


t 


Pdkhya, . 








Mdrideu. 


t 


Newir, 
Limbu, . 

' Kirdnti, . . 
Rodong, . , 








Syd. 
Sere. 

Seru. 
Setytt. 




Riingchenbung, . 






Seru, sera chti,^ sera num.^ 




Chhingtingya, . 






Sera. 


1 


Ndchhereng, . 






Situ. 


Wiling, . . 








Seru. 


:^ 


Ydkha, . 








Chenu, sisu. 


1 


Chourdsya, 








Sydttd. 


is. 


Kulungya, 








SetUy khoksyu. 


I,' 


Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 








Seda. 

Sdto, satishe,^ satine.^ 


1 


Lohorong, 








Sede, sedache,^ sedamne^ 


Lambichhong 


y 






Sera. \thapta. 


Bdlili, . . 








Sedu. 




Sing-pdng, 








Situ. 




Diimi, . . 








Sede. 




Khiling, . 








Sediy se cM^ se snaye* 




Dungmdli, 








Sede, sedechie^ semumye.^ 


1 


Dirhi,. . 








KdH-ik. 


Denwkr, . 








MArik. 




Pahri, . . 








PdlL 


Chepdng,. 








Cora. 


i 










Sdto, q^rito, aprito. 
SUkto.ymo. 


1 




• « 


'. . Orhak. 


1 


Konadkl > • 


. . IKwito. 


^ 


TflWQ||« « « « « « IStt*. 


u^ommsim^ . ^ m 




SMIiHflU 


m 


%.' 


V < 


sHk 



203 






I 

I 



5 

■I 

a 






I 



I 



Bodo, 


. Shothdt. 


Dhimdl, 




. Se, shell. 


- Kocch, 




. Mdriaphaldmt. 


Garo, . 




. Toktat. 


^ Kdchdri, 




. Shitang, shithatno, watno. 


Munipuri, 




. Hato-o. 


MfthdnN^d, . . 


. Langdau. 


Tablung Ndgd, . . 


. Toi chi. 


KhdriNdgd,. . . 


Yaksitogo. 


Angdmi Ndgi, . . 


. Dukhiawe. 


Ndrasing Ndgd, . . 


Rikvdto. 


Nowgong Ndgd, 


A'soko. 


Tengsa N^d, . . , 


A'seko, styang. 


Abor Miri, . . . , 


Pdpu. 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Dingketo. 


Deoria Chutia, . . . 


Botechiro. 


Singpho, 


Saiu. 


' Burman (written), . . 


Sat. 


Burman (spoken), . . . 


Thif/. 


Khyeng v. Shou, . . 


Tue. 


Kdmi, 


Durhummale. 


Kdmi, 


Pukhou. 


MnS v. Toung, . . . 


Caret. 


Sdk, 


Caret. 


' Talain v. Mon, . . . 


Tsa. 


Sgau-karen, . . . . 


Maihi. 


Pwo-karen, . . . . 


Mathi. 


Toungh-thu, . . . . 


Mathay. 


Shin, . 


Outtihn. 


Annamitic, . . . . 


Shem. 


Siamese, 


Outtihfiy khd, au tai. 


Ahom, 


Potai. 


Khimti, 


Au tai. 


Laos, 


Khd. 


•Ho(Kol), . . . . 


Goited. 


Kol (Singhbhum), . . 


Margojokai. 


Santili, 


Goidapolsmon. 


Bhdmij, . 




Margagojiman. 


Urdon, 




PitalcMa. 


Mundala, . 




Mdrgoji. 


Rijmahali, 




Pittd. 


Gondi, . . 




JakstvaHisti, jukkana. 


Gayeti, . 




Caret. 


Rutluk, . 




Caret. 


Naikude, . 




Caret. 


Kolami, . 




Caret. 


Mddi, . . 




Caret. 


Mddia,. , 




Caret. 


Kuri, . . 




Caret. 


Keikddi, . 




Pranamedu. 


KhoncJ, . 




Vesdmdhudu. 


Sdvara, 




KUisibba. 


Gadaba, . 




Abboye. 


Yerukala, . 




Kolusu, koliu. 


Chentsu, . 




Marepheld, morevaleyo. 


r Tamil, anc, . . . . 


Caret. 


Tamil, mod., . . . . 


Kollu. 


Malaydlma, anc, . . 


Caret. 


Malaydjma, mod., . . 


KoUa. 


Telugu, 


Champu. 


Kar^dtaka, anc, . . 


Caret. 


Kar^d^aka, mod., . . 


Kollu. 


Tujuva, . . . , . 


Caret. 


Kmgi, 


Kottu. 


To^ova,) . * . . 

To*k, ; . . . . 


Corel. \koddu. 
Bukt vers bint, btrshkir, 


Kdt% 


Thverigdie, tavarst^ade. 


AHi^WlBly « * • • « 


Koddam, kodd hoku. 


Enttroa, « . « , 


Koddane, kondu koku. 


ItdL *•«.•• 


JKMike^ adidukcve, kondu- 


MrtTOir, • ' • « , • 


KMk [Aope. 


Bfailiilitffj 


• • • • 


Mmmavd. 



i&..* ■ =: ■\-."- ^■- -rat**.'.', ■-.-■ 




;=:: ^a:^ 



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204 



RIRE—LACHEN— LAUGH— SMYEYATSYA—RIDERE. 



[chap. VI.— vekbs. 



=<l 



h 



i 

I 



^ 






J 

.5: 



Ty/^es, 

^ (Sanskrit, 
^55^ (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 

Finnic, . 

Magyar, . 
^D Turkish, . 
"I Circassian, 
I - Georgian, 
> Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 



Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Mdnyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (written), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . . , 
SiSnwdr, 
GiSrung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Th&sya, . 
Pikhya, . 
Newir, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 
Riingchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wiling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chour^ya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhmgya,. 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong, 
Bdlili, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
DiSrai, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiltdni v. Lhopa, 





•g r Bodo, Afim. 




1° 


Dhirodl, 








Leng, 


. Has^ smi, kakk. 


^ . 


Kocch, 








HdsinUy muskihasinu (to 


. Daheka, 


^ 


Garo, . 








. Mini, [smile). 


Farrofgifty barreegin^ irri- 


k* 


Kdchdri, 








Miniyu mini t/id dun^. 


. Nauran, \fg^n. 




' Munipuri, 








. Nu. 


. Nn^et, 


} 


MfthdnNdgd, . 




. Nile, 


. GeuL 


Tabltmg Ndgk, . 




. Nichi. 


Wiguzay, 


Khdri Nigiy . , 




Manitli, 


. Sitsili \tsil\ 


^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 




. Nu. 


. Inyakho, 


1 


Ndmsing Ndgd,. 




. Ngio. 


Indshane. 


r 


Nowgong N^d, 




Mannti. 


Gumiiyu. 


■t 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 




Mannii, 


Gemujeng. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . 




NUodopU, 


. Tertdva, 


Sibsigar Miri, . 




. Yirda. 


Siaou. 
Hsiarnt. 


■^ 


Deoria Chutia, . 




HcUukari, 




Singpho, . . . 




Maniu. 


. Si^. 


■«; 


' Burman (Ttn-ttten), 




. Re, 


. Sian, 


£ 


Bunnan (spoken), , 




Ye, 


. ChHo, 


^ 


Khyeng v. Shou, 




Anwi, 


Wardu, 


h- 


Kdmi, .... 




Manwi, 




tt 


Kiimi, .... 




Amnhwi, 


Makhebo. 


"i 


MnS V. Toung, . 




. Caret, 


. Syo, 


^ 


Sdk, .... 




Caret, 


Kdndre, 




Talain v. Mon, . 




Garihn, 


. Gye, 


i 


Sgau-karen, . . 




. Ne, nih. 


. Narir. 


Pwo-karen, . . 




. Ni, 


, Daran, 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . 




, Nga. 


Enna. 


R 


Shin, .... 




. Kho, 


. Khdkhc, 


K - 


Annamitic, . . 




. Kti^i, 


. %3^. 


4) 


Siamese, . . . 




HoraUy hoaro. 


. Gd. 


s 

■^ 


Ahom,. . . . 




. Khru, 




Khdmti, . . . 




. Kho, 


. Gwct, 




Taos, .... 




Hdn, khoa. 


. Ris, 
. Nyed, 
. Nyd, 
. Ret, 
. Gfuto, 
. Hds. 
. Nhy^, 
. Yere, 




Ho(Kol), . . 




Landeited, 




Kol (Singhbhum), 




Landaiman, 




Santili, . . . 




Ldndate^ kheieldndattiHiOM^), 




BhiSraij, 






. Landai, \bhdbahie (titter). 




Urion, 






Alikah, 




Mundala, 






Caret, 




Rijmahali 






. A'ikd, 




Gpndi, . 






Kavitoni^ kawana. 


. ryd. 


. 


Gayeti, 






Caret, 


. Riya, rya. 


^ 


Rutluk, 






, Caret, 


. Tydy isa. 


s . 


Naikude, 






Caret, 


, Reta, 


^ 


Kolami, 






Caret. 


. Bhesa. 


1 


Midi, . 






. Caret. 


. rya. 


^ 


Mddia,. 






Caret, 


. Yuttuchdya, 




Kuri, . 






Caret. 


Rendd restd. 




Keikidi, 






Sri, 


Gesa, 




Khond, 






Kakkumu. 


. Risd. 




Sivara^ 






Mdgndba, 


. RisOy rische^ risim.\ichafu.^ 




Gadaba, , 






Lu4do, 


Yichaeyichoyeyichare^ichachey^ 




Yerukala, 






Sirtid, chirike. 


Risa, risa chi^ ^ risa ni} \nin,^ 




Chentsu, 






Hds, 


Yuchdy yucha chi^ yucha 




' Tamil, anc 






Nagu, 


. GMsd, ghisdchiy'^ ghisd ni} 




Tamij, mod., . . 




Nagai, 


, Reche, 




Malaydjma, anc, 




Caret. 


, Reche, 




Malaydlma, mod., . 




Chiri. 


, Rige, 




Telugu,' . . . 




Nawu. 


Hansuk 




Karnitaka, anc, 




Caret. 


BhydSy rhias. 
Nhili, 


;| 


Karadiaka, mod., 




Nagu. 


s 


Tuluva, . . . . 




Tdepuna. 


Nhische^ nhisa. 




Kurgi, . . 






Caret, 


. Ntiya, 

I'sche^ yesche, 
Hdskou^ hciskou. 


i 


Toduva, 
To^a, I 
Kdta, . . 






Caret. 

Karth biniy kari, 

Karsibe, kdrje. 


. Nakydba. 
KAhasal 




Badaga, . . 






Naggedane^ nege. 




Kurumba, 






Nage. 


, ■M^UfmC&OUw, 




Irula, . . . 






Jirtke, girkddu. 


. Tken, 




Malabar, . . 






Sirijfipu, 


. Gd. 




^ Sinhalese, 








Hinahavenavd, 



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CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] LEVER— ERHEBEN— LIFT UP (RaiSE)— PODNIMAT— TOLLERE. 



205 



Types, 




fBodo, 


. Bokhdng, boklop. 


<: (Sanskrit, .... Uitul^ uchchhri. 


Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 




, Lhopd, 
Uthyakonu. 


^ (Arabic, . 








Kajaa, 


^ 


Garo, . 




, Paicho, 


*N 


Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 








. Jaso^jasatiy er^, aliza, 
. Nousen. 


^ 


Kichdri, 
Munipuri, 




Caret, 

Thdngalac, 




Magyar, . 








. Card, 


«^ 


MfthdnNdg^ . . 


. Lauko, 


i* 


Turkish, . 








, Kalkdir, 


TablungNdgd, . . 


Noh si. 


1 


Circassian, 








. Eitey, 


KhdriNdg^. . . 


Chungotso. 


|- 


Georgian, 








. Caret, 


'^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Tupele, 


t 


Mongolian, 








Er^o, 


•^J 


N;lmsdng Ndgd, . . 


Tuons. 


<5 


Mantshu, 








TuHyeme, 


« 

^ 


Nowgong Ndg4 


Achongatong. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Jungjung, 


^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


Aiyoang, 




Javanese, Kraraa, 




Jungjung, 


J 


Abor Miri, . . . 


LdssdpU, 




Malay, . . . . 




Angkat, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Jowon, 


■ Chinese, Nankin, 




Ku ki-lai. 


'^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . 
Singpho, .... 


r^garomni, 
Phofiu, 




Chinese, Pekm, 




Chii k'Uai, 






> 


Chinese, Canton, . 




Ku M-loi, 


1 


' Burman {written). 


M^rangy mhrok. 


^• 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




KiU'CM4e, 


^ 


Bunnan {spoken), , . 


MhyeUy mhyauk. 


4 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 




Kii ki-lai. 


«5 


Khyeng v. Shou, . . 


Youkke, 




Japanese. . . 




AgerUf takaksuru. 


*- 


Kdmi, 


Takh^n. 


^ ^ " ' 










§ 


KiSrai, 


Katdn, 


Brahuf, . 








Hef, 


1 


MnS V. Toung, . . . 


Caret, 


>: 


Gydmi, 








Mdyti, 


1: 


LSdk, 


Caret, 


re 


Gydrung, . 








Tayok, 




r Talain v. Mon, . . . 


Katoung, 


JK 


Tdkpa, . 








Longna. 


g 


Sgau-karen, . . . . 


SdtaWy lukd. 




Mdnyak, . . 








Dachi, 




Pwo-karen, . . . . 


Tsohtong, 




Thochd, . . 








Tachi, 


1 


Toungh-thu, . . . . 


Hya, young. 


1 


Sokpa, . . . 








W^ra, 




Shdn, 


Hokkhen. 




Horpa, . . 








Rangke, rhdzi. 


Annamitic, . . . . 


Len, 


1 


Tibetan (written). 






Yidegs^ slon, snyob. 


Siamese, 


Hounkhafiy yok. 


a 


Tibetan {spoken), . 






KhUr, 


1 


Ahom, 


Yoky tang. 










«o 


Khdmti, 


Yo, yong. 




Serpa, . . . . 






KMr, 




Laos, 


Yd, 


5 


SiSnwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
MiSrmi, . 
Magar, 
Thi^ksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
Newdr, . 
limbu, . . 








Pok, 

Nod, 

Fiiyo, 

Bd, 

Thithonko. 

Bok, 

Lhon bu, 

Pokhfypoke, 




Ho(Kol), . . . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), . . 
Santdli, 


Caret, 

R^tkubman, 

Beredatey tulate, rdkdpaie. 


1 










BhiSmij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali 
Gondi, . 




ITthaibaitman. 

Chodd, 

Rimemi, 

Chivd, 

Tehd, 




' Kirdnti, . 








Khuyu. 


;| 


Gayeti, . 




Caret, 




Rodong, . 








PukUy sandyu. 


N 


Rutluk, . 




Caret, 




Rdngchenbung, 






Thmtu,^ num? 


•^• 


Naikude, . 




Caret, 




Chhingtdngya,* . 






KhUrd, thedak. 




Kolami, . 




Caret, 


.-i 


Ndchhereng, . . 






Thettu, 


G 


Mddi, . . 




Caret, 


1 


WdHng, . 








Thentu, 




MMa,. . 




Caret, 


1^ 


Ydkha, . 








Khuy thendu. 




Kuri, . . 




Caret, 


1 


Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 








Rottd, 
Poka, 




Keikddi, 
Khon<J, 




Caret, 
Densumu. 


■s,' 


Thulungya, . 








Phokd, kwaksd. 




Sdvara, . 




Lanka, 


Bdhingya, . 








RoktOy roktise,^ roktine,^ 




Gadaba, . 




Lena, 


•l 


Lohorong, 








Th^oge, thelente, theache,^ 




Yenikala, . 




Ye4udu, 


TAmbichhong 


> 






Koba^ koplota, \theamne,^ 




Chentsu, . 




Tol, 


1 


Bj^Wli, . . 








Thettu, 




' Tamil, anc. 


, . . . . 


Merkol, 




Sdng-pdng, 








ThOtu. 




Tamii, mod., . . . . 


E4u, 




Dtimi, . . 
Khdling, . 








Thende, \naye,^ 
ThemUy thendechiey^ thmdes- 




Malaydlma, anc, . . 
Malaydlma, mod., . . 


Caret, 
Efu, 




Dungm^i, 








Thende^ thendechief^ then'de 




Telugu,' 


Ettu, 


.. rn^rhr 








Bokuk. t'^'"^'* 




Elar^dtaka, anc., . . 


Caret, 


1 

1 


Denw^, . 
Pahii, . . 
Chepkng, . 
Bhrlintt, . . 

LepGl»(Slli 


fr 

N 


^ < 


* * 


AMiX. 
BigHO, bungp. 
Caret. 
OyogHo, uy<^. 

imiuugwaio. 
, m*it,lad. 


s 


Kar^dt^dLa, mod., . . 
Tuluva, .... 

Kuigi, 

Tajuva,) . . . 
TcKja, / . . . 
Kdta, 

^^ : : : 
^bi^: : : : 


Ettu, 

Diripana, 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Ticks bincy mokversbiney tuch, 

Ydtigahey mekarse. 

Yettinetiikiney tuku, bi, 

YettinMkine, Hiku. 
. YekAukey iMove, 
. Q^M tkMku. 

dwmavd. 




BWliBiT.Il 


"p 


%< 


1 4 


2M 




muim^ 


• » • ♦ 




:.: jar. : LiL-S^^ ■'*. -:. ■.. 



Digitized by VjOOQ IC 



206 SE MOUVOIR— SICH BEWEGEN— MOVE (WaLK)— KHODIT—MOVERE. 



[CHAP. VL—VERBS. 



5p 



(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



Chal^ sri, /, ckar^ ^C^w, kram. 
Masha. 



h 

5: 



5 



J 



4 



Bask, Ibilli, 

Finnic, Kdyn, 

Magyar, Yar, 

Turkish, Yum, 



Circassian, . . . 


. Caret. 


Georgian, . . . 


. Card. 


Mongolian, . . . 


. Jabokho. 


Mantshu, . . . 


Sutshume. 


Javanese, Ngoko, . 


. Lunidku. 


Javanese, Krama, . 


. Lumampah. 


^ Malay, .... 


. Jdlan. 


' Chinese, Nankin, . 


. Hing'tsau. 


Chinese, Pekin, . 


. Hsing-tsau. 


Chinese, Canton, . 


. Hang-lb. 


Chinese, Shanghai, 


. Dung^ tseu. 


Amoy, Colloquial, . 


. Kidn. 


Japanese, . . . 


Aluku, aruki 



% 
V 



Brahuf, Chiring. 

' Gydmi, ....". Chu, chhi. 

Gydrung, Yeyen^ yachin. 

Tdkpa, Gai, 

Mdnyak, Yu. 

Thochii, Ddkan. 

Sokpa, Ahyarydbo. 

Horpa, Tashin. 

Tibetan {written), . . Hgro, 

Tibetan {spoJ^), . . . Gyo. 

Serpa, Dang. 

Siinwdr, Gd/!. 

Giirung, Ydy, 

Mdrmi, Brou. 

Magar, li^Aa ni. 

Thiksya, Hero. 

Pdkhya, Hat. 

Newdr, -^yd^ hun. 

Limbu, Bege. 

Kir^nti, Biyd. 

Rodong, Pong sa^ lamfya. 

RiSngchenbung, . . . Ldm duma^ biya. * 

Chhingtingya, . . . Phdna. 

Ndchhereng, .... Ldmdima. 

Wdling, Biya. 

Ydkha, Ldma. 

Chourdsya, .... Hdltd. 

Kulungya, .... Ldmduma. 

Thulungya, .... Ldmdiya. [kine.^ 

Bdhingya, Gwakkojgwaksh€^^gwa'\ne.^ 

Lohorong, .... Ldmdiimey lamdache^^ lamda 

Lambichhong, . . . Phana^labma^phanachi^-ni.^ 

Bdldli, Duma,dumachif^dumanin.^ 

S^ng-pdng, .... Londuma^ bi, tandchini. 

Diimi, LdrnthHio. 

Khdling, Ldmthuye. 

Dungraih, .... Ldmiiime. 

fDdrhi, Hi4t4k. 

Denwdr, ChoL 

Pahri, Go. 

Cheping, Whdy whdsa. 

Bhrdmu, SyOyjewa. 

Vdyu, Khokche. 

Kuswar, Non. 

Kusunda, Aban. 

Thiru, Choi. 

Lepcha (Sikkim), . . Non^ di. 

Bhiitini v. Lhopa, . . Dy^. 



I 






h 

I 



h 



i 



I 
^ 



Bodo, Tho, thdng, thdbdi. 

Dhimdl, Ti, hade. 

Kocch, Cholinu, 

Garo, Lot. 

Kichdri, Caret. 

Munipuri, Chulo. 

Mfthdn Ndgd, . . . Tong, khd. 

Tablung Ndg^ . . . Angst. 

Khiri Ndgd, .... Rang chwa. 

Angdmi Ndgd, . . . Tothe. 

Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . . ChoOy khtiams. 

Nowgong N^d, . . Asdmataur. 

Tengsa Ndgi, . . . Asambat. 

Abor Miri, .... lokoda. 

Sibsdgar Miri, . . . Giimandak. 

Deoria Chutia, . . . Kerurini. 

Singpho, ThotUy damn. 

Burman {writun), . . L^, kwya. 

Burman {spoken), . . . Le, ky*ud. 

Khyeng v. Shou, . . Caret. 

Kdmi, Caret. 

Kiimi, Caret. 

Mni v. Toung, . . . Caret. 

Sdk, Caret. 

Talain v. Mon, . . . Kyay. 

Sgau-karen, .... Laltah, ghai. 

Pwo-karen, .... Tsaing^ghau 

Toungh-thu, .... Lay. 

Shdn, Layyu. 

Annamitic, .... T>idao, 

Siamese, Htaro, diin. 

Ahom, Kd. 

Khdmti, P<u. 

Laos, Men. 

Ho (Kol), .... Senoted. 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Sanotnan. [stnclUf. 

Santdli, Tdddmate, chdldhte, ddmtc, 

BhiSmij, Dholdbusancman. 

Urdon, Gucha. 

Mundala, Sendmi. 

Rdjmahali, .... Sakrd (?). 

Gondi, Takd^ takana. 

Gayeti, Caret. 

Rutluk, Caret. 

Naikude, Caret. 

Kolami, Caret. 

Mddi, Caret. 

Mddia, Caret. 

Kuri, Caret. 

Keikddi, Na4u. 

Khond, Kujitidmu. 

Sdvara, Yirba. 

Gadaba, Vamsu. 

Yerukala, Nadd. 

Chentsu, Tzo. 

Tamil, anc, .... Caret. 

Tamij, mod., .... Nada. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . Caret. 

Malaydjma, mod., . . Nadaila. 

Telugu, Naduchu. 

Kari;iitaka, anc, . . Caret. 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Node. 

Tuliiya, Caret. 

Kurgi, Caret. 

Toduva,) .... Caret. 

Toda, ]".... Nadedersh bini, at nar. 

K6ta, Nadegabe^ natfe. 

Badaga, Nctdedane^ node. 

Kurumba, .... Nat^dane, ntyie. 

Iruja, Nadake, na4andu m'f- 

Mdabar, Nadamdduthal, ' "'" 

Sinhalese, Avinftinavd- 



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CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] 



COURRIR— RENNEN— RUN— BYEJAT— CURRERE. 



207 



Types, 

^ (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 

MoNGOLIANj 

Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloqiiial, 
Japanese, 



} 



I 



h 



s 



f 



3 



<3 



I 
I 



Brahuf, 

' Gy^rai, . 
Gydrung, . 
Tdkpa, . 
Minyak, . 
Thochii, . 
Sokpa, . . 
Horpa, 
Tibetan {.written), 
Tibetan \5p0km), 

Serpa, . . 

Sdnwdr, . 

Giirung, . 

Miirmi, . 
Magar, 

Thdksya, . 

Pdkhya, . 

Newdr, . 
Limbu, 

Kirdnti, . 

Rodong, . 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichliong, 

Bdlili, . . 

S4ng-pdng, 

Diinu, . . 

Khiling, . 

Dungnidli, 

fbdrhi, . . 
Denwir, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhiamuy . 

V^' • 






DMVy du, drUy ramh, 
Rakada, Sjighram-chal. 

EyaiUy lasteregin, karri, 

Juoksen, [eyakajoan. 

Szalad. 

Kosh, 

Caret. 

Galtsawad. 

Goyogo, 

Sudshunu, 

Lumdyu, 

Lumajer, 

Ldri, 

rdou. 

Pdou. 

Tsau, 

Fau, 

Chdu, 

KakerUy fashiri. 

Halmak, 

Thewo. 

Danatgyuk. 

Pshet, 

Tcuhimoyu, 

Dddran, 

TTiHr keng, 

Tamgyo. 

Rgyug, 

Gyugey chong. 

Chong, 

Fiok, 

Dhid 

Ydr, 

Yani, 

Gninahero, 

Phaldla, 

Bwd, 

Lokte, lokte. 

Loyd, 
JVona, 

Lwdya, loya, 
Pineda, 
Bafsa, 
Lora. 
Lukia. 
Prokdtd, 
B^sa, 
IVdnda. 

WdnnOy wamhe^ wanfie} 
Pine, pineache^ pinane} 
Pitida, pinchi,^ -ni? 
PMna,phinachi, ^phinofiin, • 
BhOsa, bhusa^^ chini} 
GhHre. 
Gkitre. 
Rode, 

JMgaruk. 

IhSgar. 

Keng^y kdngOy kenggo. 

XiMsa. 

Gegweya. 

Dkm. 



Gmmm0i0. 



I 

^ i 

to 



Bodo, . 
Dhim^l, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichdri, 

' Munipuri, 
M{thdn Ndg^ 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd,. 
Angdmi N^^ 
•^ N^ms^ng Ndgd, 
Nowgong N^d, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman (written), 
Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. ShoUj 
Kdmi, . . . 
Kdmi, . . . 
Mni v. Toung, 

[Sdk, . . . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, . 
Pwo-karen, . 
Toungh-thu, . 
Shin, . . . 
Annamitic, . 
Siamese, . . 
Ahom, . . . 
Khdmti, . . 
Laos, . . . 

fHo(Kol), . 
Kol (Singhbhum] 
Santili, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rijmahali, 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, . 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikidi, . 
Khoi;i<J, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yemkala,. 
Chentsu, . 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamij, mod., 
Malaydjma, anc, 
Malaydjma, mod. 
Telugu, . . 
Kar^dt^ka, anc, 
Kar^taka, mod., 
Tuluya, 
Kuigi,. 
To<Juva,> 



), 






Khot, khdt (flee). 
Dhdp, khat (flee). 
DowrinUy bhdginu (flee). 
Talok, 
Caret. 

Chelo. 
Rikle. 
Phaichi. 
Semekiva. 
Mhaihde. 
Chuano. 
Sdmawaung. 
A'dsanibat. 
Dukpii. 
Dupdandak, 
Jononini. 
Gagdtu. 

Pre. 

Pye. 

Chone. 

Awhi. 

Lei. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Garitaa. 

Kha, hkhu. 

Tsaingf laing. 

Law. 

Lenkwa. 

Shay. 

Wenpihtiy wing pi. 

Paikhan. 

Len, 

Lenpai. 

Nlrted. 

Niritnan. 

Daiidate, gatarate, khdmas- 

Durman. [diite (causal). 

Bonga. 

Lirmi. 

Bonga. 

Vittana bittd. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Wodu. 

Gydhamu. 

Na4am. 

Dugga. 

Vo4u. 



Caret. 

Odu, wo4a. 

Caret. 

0(u. 

Parigettu, uruku. 

Caret. 

Wb4u. 

Pdruna, 

Wb4u, 

Caret. 

Vdtfu^ vor. 

Fau, ate vo4u. 

Vatfii^ votfii, 

Vaifi^ votfu. 

Vo^oke^vottu, 

(kbtthta. 

DmHmavd. 



-•P^'i^.Xjr 




&3t> '.- y.: . ;^.--;.-.V. . "z-y- . Digitized by V:jOOQIC 






208 



SE TAIRE— SCHWEIGEN— BE SILENT— MOLCHAT-TACERE. 



CHAP. VI.— VERBS 



^ 5>/^-f. 


1 (Sansk^iit, .... Tushnim-bhu^ maunam-kti. 


^ (Arabic, . . 








Sakata. 


•N 


Bask, . . . 
Finnic, . . 
Magyar, . . 








Isiiy ijily ijildu, 

Waikenm, 

Caret, 


^ 


Turkish, . 








Suz, 


1 


Circassian, 








Card, 


St 

1 ■ 


Georgian, 








Dadurruhad (dum). 


1 


Mongolian, 








Ssam baikho. 


<! 


Mantshu, 








Tchip binu. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Afenn^, 




Javanese, Krama, 




Kendel, 




Malay, . . . 




Diam, 




Chinese, Nankin, 




Puh-yaou-cHuh'Shing. 


^ 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Mfi-ydou-ch'ii-shmg. 


.^ 


Chinese, Canton, 




Mok-ch'ut'Sher^. 


Chinese, Shanghai 




Veh'hidng, 


»^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




. Cheng, 




Japanese, 








Damateru, 


Brahuf, 








Card, 


:^ 


Gydmi, 








, Qudpotho, 




Gy^ng, . 








, Ndk Chun, 


h 


Tdkpa, . 








Thomd, 


i 


Mdnyak, . 








, Thaihadyu, 


Thochd, . 








, Ksgdstauy dzuk kochin. 


1 


Sokpa, . . 








Ah md hopchhi. 




Horpa, . 








. YdgHzi. 


1 


Tibetan {writun). 






. Khrog, 


a 


Tibetan {spoken), 
Serpa, . . . 


• 




Chiim, 
. Khdrd, 


^ 


SiSnwdr, . 








Pdlo tnapau. 


"5 


GiSrung, . 








Tdyapun, 


^ 


Miirmi, 








. KMyii, 


r 


Magar, 








Mdchdk, 


Thdksya, . 








Uumthalo. 


1 


P^hya, . 








Chochira, 


Newdr, . 








SamU khd chon. 




Limbu, . 








. Swdie, 




' Kir^nti, . 








. Maruhebda. 




Rodong, . 








. Maichepda^ chyotna. 




RiSngchenbung, 






Wdiwdiy^nd^ manchehdda. 




Chhingtdngya, 






. Wdyeb, 


^ 


N^chhereng, . 






Wdhe. 


§, 


W^ing, . 








, Wdyep. 


:^ 


Ydkha, . 








Swdk wdya. 


1 


Chourisya, 








, Lhd, 


51 


Kulungya, 








Wait wdya. 


i" 


Thulungya, 








. Liba, 


^ 


Bdhingya, . 








. Libabwakko. 




Lohorong, 








Chichuye^ yonge, [nanmn.* 




Lambichhong 


> 






Itichmdn^inchenanchi^inche 


.k 

^ 


Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-pdng, 
Diimi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmdli, 








Chichuwety chkhuwdech,^ 

WaiwaMwa, 
, Libdmo, 
. Leba, 
. Mdncheptdye, 


1 


Dirhi,. . 








Jiinborauk. 


Denwdr, . 








Funsdrhd, 


^ 


Pahri, . . 








Sundnchon, 


'^ 


Chepdng, . . 








Caret, 


1' 


Bhrimu, . , 








Mdpe, mdkhaie. 


^ 


Vdyu, . . . 








Thdit^ gyitngponche. 


1 


Kuswar, . . 








Mdmdborou, mamaborou. 


Kusunda, . . 








Abdgdnebin, 


^ 


Thdni, . . . 








Chupraho, 


Lepcha (Sikkim), . 




Sakmd. 




Bhdtdni v. Lh 


lOpJ 


\ . 




Klidch^im. 






I 

i 



I 



h 



s 

I 



I 



Bodo, SHthd, 


Dhimdl, . 








Chikdpahi, mddop. 


Kocch, 








Chuphonu. 


Garo, . 








Tdpchilip tong. 


Kdchiri, 








Caret. 


Munipuri, 






Card, 


MfthinNigd, . 




Card, 


Tablung Ndgd, . 




Card, 


KhdriNdgd,. . 




Tukurd. 


Angdmi Ndgd, . 




Chasibale. 


Nimsdng Ndgd, . 




Card, 


Nowgong Ndgd, 




Manakazong. 


Tengsa Ndgd, . 




Ayoksulang. 


Abor Miri, . . 




A'sopii, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . 




A'sopa, 


Deoria Chutia, . 




Turucha, 


Smgpho, . . . 




Temdingau, 


' Burman {writun). 




Tttchhitfu, 


Bunnan [spcken\ , 




Teiksheikru. 


Khyeng v. Shou, 




Mhe, 


Kdmi, .... 




Otwo, 


KiSmi,. . . . 




Card, 


Mni V. Toung, . 




Card, 


,S4k, .... 




Card, 


' Talain v. Mon, . 




Monkatumkkanouk. 


Sgau-karen, . . 




Obwah, 


Pwo-karen, . . 




Aukkser, 


Toungh-thu, . . 




Hnging, 


Shdn, . . . . 




Yuhlsithlsit. 


Annamitic, . . 




Ninlqng, 


Siamese, . . . 




NenHiy ningyu. 


Ahom,. . . . 




Supmu, 


Khimti, . . . 




Yu tsip tsip. 


Laos, .... 




, Dak dak yL 


'Ho(Kol), . . 




Happanted, 


Kol (Singhbhum), 




Hdpaunuin. 


Santdli, . . . 




Gu4amohte, ko4amormhit 


BhiSmij, 






Hapiakanman, 


Urdon, 






Amha kachnekrah. 


Mundala, 






Happd, 


Rijmahali 






Asliibehd, 


Gondi, . 






Immakammeneman. 


Gayeti, 






Card, 


Rutluk, 






Card, 


Naikude, 






Card. 


Kolami, 






Card, 


Mddi, . 






Card, 


Mddia, 






Card. 


Kuri, . 






Card, 


Keikddi, 






Card, 


Khond, 






Kinni jdminnu. 


Sivara, 






KadangdnuL 


Gadaba, 






Vayisodukka. 


Yerukala, 






Summa, tsummaieyiru. 


Chentsu, 






Ttsuperaho, tsupparo. 


Tamil, ana, . . 




Card. 


Tamil, mod., . . 




Summdtnru, anuti. 


Malaydlma, anc, 




Card. 


Malaydima, mod., 




Mifufdthiru, uriydddtkru. 


Telugu,* . . . 




Ura4u. 


Kar^dtaka, anc, . 




Card, 


Karndtaka, mod., 




Summaneyira, 


Tuliiva, . . . 




Manipantippuna. 


Ku'rgi, . . 






Card, 


Toduva, 
Toda, ■ 






Caret, 






Bokkiru, bokir. 


K6ta, . . 






Bheve, pakiru. 


Baraga, . 






. SUmagiru, sappeniru J^^ 


Kurumba, 






. Symaniru.sumagiru.ymn' 


Irula, . . 






, Summa iru, mamaddru. 


Malabar, . 






Summayiru. 


Sinhalese, 








Navatinavd, 



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CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] 




S'ASSEOIR— SIGH SETZEN— . 


Types. 


•-§ (Sanskrit, .... A's^ sad, upavis\ nishad. 


^ (Arabic, . . 






/alasa. 


•^ 


Bask, . . . 
Finnic, . . 
Magyar, . . 






. Eserri^ J^f^iy jasarrt, 
. Istun. 
. 67. 


S" 


Turkish, . . 






Obur, 


1 


Circassian, . 






Uskhansht 


J- 


Georgian, . 






Dajdomad (ziv). 


f 


Mongolian, . 






Sc^okho, 


o 


Mantshu, . 






Teme. 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




Lungguh, 




Javanese, Krama, 




Lenggah, 




Malay, . . . 




Duduk. 




' Chinese, Nankin, 




Tso-hid, 


, 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Tso-hsiL 


^ 


Chinese, Canton, 




Tso-hd, 


i 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Zu-ihchi. 


•s 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




Che, 




^ Japanese, . 






Swaru, 


Brahuf, . . 






Tulluk. 


:^ 


' Gydmi, . . 






Cho. 




Gydrung, . . 
Tdkpa, . . 
Minyak, . . 
ThochiS, . . 






Ndnen. 
Zuk. 
Naijeu, 
Ajon, 


<t 


Sokpa, . . . 






So. 




Horpa, . . 
Tibetan (written), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

^Serpa, . . . 
Siinwdr, . . . 
Giirung, . . 
MiSrmi, . . 






Unzufiy wanzun, 
Deh, 

Bdk, 
Ttdh, 

lyu. 


f 


Magar, . . 






N^nd, 


Thdksya, . . 






Tupa. 


1. 


Pdkhya, . . 






Basa. 


t 


Newdr, . . 






Pheiii. 




Limbu, . . 






Yungfu, 




Kirdnti, . . 






Y^ngd. 




Rodong, . . 






Yugna, higna. 




Rdngchenbung, 






YUgna, 




Chhingtdngya, 






Yuba, 


9^ 


Ndchhereng, . 






Tyuwa. 


1 


Wdling, . . 






Yugna, 


<; 


Ydkha, . . 






Yugna, 


1 


Chourdsya, . 
Kulungya, . 






Bdkstd, 
Tuwa. 




Thulungya, . 
Bdhingya, . . 






Gainsa. 

Nisyo, nische,^ nisine} 


■•§ 


Lohorong, . 






Peru^ pache^ pane? 


.5 


Lambichhong, 






Yugnd, yugnachi^^ ytdgnani? 


^ 


BdUli, . . . 






PehyHsay peyusachi^ peyusa- 
Tiuwd, -chi,^ -m? \nin} 




Sing-pdng, . 








DUmi, . . . 






Mo. 




•Khdling, . . 






, Gndche. 




Dungmili, . 






Y^gne. 


■>• 


' Ddrhi, . . . 






Basuk. 


i 


Denwdr, . . 






Bos. 


^ 

w 


Pahri, . . . 






Kuptngchof^ 


> 


Chepdng, . . 
Bhrdmu, . . 
VAyu, . . . 






Mischi^ musa. 

Amd. 

Mosche. 


1 


Koswar^ . . 






Basou. 


Kusunda,, . < 
Thdru,. . . . 








Lepcfaa (Sikkim). . . fSmit$. 




Bhtftim V. Lhop 


"i^ 


• 


Dm 






I 

ft) 



I 






.'a 

to 



I 

I 



' Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndg^ 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khiri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burraan (written), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kimi, 
Kdmi, 
Mni V. Toung, 

[Sdk, 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhi 

Santili, 

BhiSmij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rijmahali, 

Gon^i, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Mddi, . 

Mddia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikidi, 

KhopcJ, 

Sivara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 

" Tamil, anc. 
Tamil, mod,, 
Malaydjma, anc. 
Malaydjma, mod. 
Telugu, . . 
Kar^dtaka, anc, 
Kar^dtaka, mod 
Tujuya, 
Kurgi, . 
To^uva,) 
To<Ja, I 
Kdta, . 
Badaiza. 



um 




SadMlece^ 



), 



209 



JOy choo, 
Yong 
Bosinu, 
Abak, 
Jkobaijonai, 

Phumo. 

Ngodau, 

Umchi, 

Manio, 

Bache, 

Tongo, 

Mandkarii, 

Mannang, 

£h4pu. 

Dutoka, 

Dudurini. 

Dungu. 

Thaing, 

Thaingy htihnthi, 

NgUnge. 

Kami, 

Tat, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Khagyo, 

*Sanaw, tsJienoh, 

Tsurnang, 

Unglan, 

NanyH, 

Ngdi, 

Nan, nang. 

Nang. 

Nang, 

Nang. 

Dmed. 

Dubman, 

Dudapate, bethdratCy edhehte 

DiHiribkanman, [(sit on 

ITkha. [haunches). 

Dumi, 

Oka, 

Uddaniga^ uddana. 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret, 

Ukka, 

Kukkumu, 

Gobd, 

Vaisd, 

Vukkdy vukkdrindiri. 

Bos. 

Udkd, 

UdkdrUy ulukkdru. 

Caret, 

Ilachchu, 

KiHrchundu, 

Caret. 
K<ttu koliu. 
Kuilona. 

Ye(e. 

Caret. 

Neshkir. 

Kisure^ k&kint, 

Kvlu HHru. 

Kuliy ktitiru^ kutuko. 

Kukuve^ likandu have. 

Iru. 

Imh^Dmrnwd, 



• D 




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2IO 



DORMIR—SCHLAFEN— SLEEP— SPAT— DORMIRE. 



[chap. VL ^VERBS. 



.^ 



Types. 






t 

I 



2 



I 



I 

3 






I 



OQ 



vg (Sanskrit, 
4 J Arabic, 
s 

Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 

Gydmng, 

Tikpa, 

Mdnyak, 

Thochil, 

Sokpa, . 

Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan {spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Giirung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-p4ng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . 
Denwdr, 
Pahri, . 
Chepdng, 
Bhrdmu, 
Vdyu, . 
Kuswar, 
Kusunda, 
Thdni, . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiitini v. Lhopa, 



Swapy nidrdy s'i, swapnam- 
Ndma. \kri. 

Loegin, loakartUy loizan, 

Makaan, 

Alud, 

Uyu. 

Tshiyah, 

Mdsinaos {dzhi). 

Umttuho. 

Amkhame, 

Turn. 

Ttiem, 

Tidor. 

Shwui-kicum. 

Shui-chiaou, 

Fan-kiu, 

Kwarty kwang-kau. 

Nemu. 

Khachak. 

Swikyor. 
Korman' . 
Nyet. 
Khaiyah. 
A'nan. 
Wiimtha. 
Gurgyun. 
Nyan. 
Nye, 

NyoL 

rp. 

Rod 

Gnung. 

Mis. 

Nhuko, 

Saira. 

Dyon. 

Ipse, 

Imsd, 

Im'sa, imsana. 

Im'sa, 

Ipsa, 

InCsa. 

Im'sa. 

Ipsa. 

Glomtd. 

ItrUsa, 

A'm'sa. 

Ippo, ipse^ ipifu.^ 

I'mey imache^ immanc.^ 

Inisa^ imsachi^ imsani.^ 

Ip'cha^ ipchasi^ ipchanin^ 

Ipsa^ ipsachi^ ipsani} 

Am' si. 

Am' si. 

Im'se, 

SiJtuk, 

Slit, 

Dyiin, 

EmcJUy yenisa. 

Ndwa. 

Im'che. 

Sutou. 

Iptu (causal ?). 

Sutali, 

Dd. 

Nye, 



1 


Bodo, 


Muduldng^ mMu. 


1" 


Dhimdl, 




Jun, 


^. 


Kocch, 




Suiibar. 


t*) 


Garo, . 




G^r, 


^ 


^Kich^, 




Mudubai. 




Munipuri, . . . 


Hibo, 


< 


MfthdnNdgd, . . 


Jtpdau. 


1 


TablungNdgd, . . 


Chunshi. 


Khdri Ndgi, . . . 


Ipigili, 


•^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Zii. 


.fc 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


J^po, 


>* ' 


Nowgong N^d, 


Annanii. 


t^ 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . 


Aftnii. 


1 


Abor Miri, . . . 


Iddo, 


Sibsdgar Miri, . . 


Yum, 


'5 


Deoria Chutia, . . 


Yumgarini, 




Singpho, .... 


Yupu, 


t 


' Burman {writun), 


Tp- 




Burman (spoken), . . 


Eik. 


1 


Khyeng v. Shou, 


• /> 


h ^ 


Kdrai, 


. /. 


5 


Kiimi, 


. /. 




Mni v. Toung, . . 


Card, 


.Sdk, 


. Caret, 


N 


Talain v. Mon, . . 


. Tet. 


. 


Sgau-karen, . . . 


. Mi, mih. 


1 


Pwo-karen, . . . 


. Mi, 


g 


Toungh-thu, . . . 


. Ping, 


1 


Shdn, 


Nann, 


K, - 


Annamitic, . . . 


. Ngu, 


h 


Siamese, .... 


Nona, lap. 


6 

Q 


Ahom, 


. Non, 


io 


Khdmti, .... 


Non, nap. 




Laos, 


Non, lap. 




Ho(Kol), . . . 


Gitited. 




Kol (Singhbhum), . 


Gitiman. 




Santili, .... 


Gitihte, jdpihie, kufcujohU, 




Bhdmij, 




GitijUm, \uskupt4skuhte 
Khdndara. [(snooze). 




Urdon, 






Mundala, 




Durong. 


1 


Rdjmahali 




Kdndrd, 




Gondi, 




Sungjiy narmana. 


.2 


Gayeti, 




Caret. 


1 


Rutluk, 




Caret. 


S 


Naikude, 




Caret, 


Kolami, 




Caret. 


^s 


Mddi, . 




Caret, 


Vj 


Mddia, 




Caret. 




Kuri, . 




Caret, 




Keikddi, 




Tungu, 




Khond, 




Dohumu. 




Sdvara, 




Dufubd. 




Gadaba, 




Eyyd, 




Yerukala, 




Tuggudayi, vantgu. 




Chentsu, 




Srily sutiydr. 




' Tamil, anc. 


, . . . . 


Caret. 




Tamil, mod., . . . . 


Tungu. 




Malaydjma, anc, . . 


Caret. 




Malaydlma, mod., . . 


Urangngu, tungngu. 




Telugu," 


Tongundu. 




Karndtaka, anc, . . . 


Caret, 


S5 


Karndtaka, mod., . . 


Nidde mddu. 


^ 


Tuluva, 


Nidriidupuna, 


? • 


Kurgi, 


Varaku. 


1 


Toduva,) . . . . 
Toda, 1 . . . . 


Caret. 


1 


Vorchth bin, vorgifu, vorg. 


"^ 


K6ta, 


Pat kene, voraga. 




Badaga, 


Voragim, voragu. 




Kurumba, . . . . 


Foraging, nidre madu. 




Inila, 


Rombuve, kctdandukor^y ka- 




Malabar, 


Nelthirei, \danduko. 




Sinhalese, . 




Niddgannavd, 



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CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] 



PARLER— SPRECHEN— SPEAK— GOVORIT— LOQUI. 



2JI 



Types. 



« (Sanskrit, 
4, (Arabic, . 



Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 



1 
I. 



I 



I' 



8 



f 



'«J 






I 



Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

' Gydmi, 
Gyirung, 
T^kpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochd, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {tvrittm), 
Tibetan (spokm), 

'Serpa, . 
SiSnwdr, 
Gdrung, 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, 
Pikhya, 
Newir, 
Lirabu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bihingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

BdUli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

DUmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dimgmdli, 

fDirhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 






Vach^ vady bhdsh^ dlap, 
Takailama. 

Itztgin^ berbegin, mintzoizan. 
Sanon, 
Beszelszol, 
Seuile. 
Tighadshas, 
Wlaparakob (ubn), 
Kdegu, 
Leoleme, 
JVutur, 
Wichanten. 
Kdta. 

Kiang, 

Chiang, 

Kong, 

Pdh'Woh, 

Kong, 

HanasUy iu, 

Pdrak, 

Caret, 
Tachen, 
Sydt, 
Thadyu, 
Kwor, kurr. 
Caret. 

Napsheh, tayin^ 
'^rjody smros. 
Lap {sap ?), 

Caret, 

Bdk, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Fydto, 

Caret, 

Nava, 

Pdre, 

Caret, 

Cheuta, pul'sa, 

Chewd, khdngmeu, 

Chewa, 

Nina, 

Chewa, 

Chekta, 

Bdkstd, 

Nhna, 

Jesa, 

Bdho, bu>akko (-^<?,^ -ine^), 

Yammuse {-niache^ -mane^), 

Ch^a, chegachi^ chegani,^ 

PukluSy puklusachiy^ puklu- 

Nind, -chi^ -ni,^ \sanin,^ 

/^. 
/eye. 
Ch€be. 

Borduk, 

Sarha. 

IM. 

Nhasche^ nhosa, 

KhaUwa. 

If {Ho) ; dawahfft, hci {bdio). 

Seuvu^ gkanm^ 

JMai 
XL 






I 



I 



I 






^ 

h 

S 
^ 



' Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung N^d, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndg^ 
Nimsdng Nigd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {written), 
Burman (spokett), 
Khyeng v. Shou. 
Kimi, 
Kdmi, 
MnS V. Toung, 
[Sdk, 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shin, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhum 
Santili, . 
Bhiimij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Gondi, . . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikddi, . 
Khond, . 
Sivara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yerukala, . 
Chentsu, . 

' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc. 
Malayilma, mod 
Telugu,* . . 
KarQ^taka, anc, 
Kar^dt^a, mod. 
Tajuva, 
Kurgi, . 
To<Juva,> 
Tcxja, ; 
Ktfta, . 

yfcmfmHiWj 



Bat, 
Dop, 
Bolinu. 
Broty borot. 
Caret, 

Haio. 

Kdh, 

Tdh, 

Aihushang, 

Pusiche, 

Thti, 

Shang, 

Suang, 

Lupii. 

Saluto, 

Icharini, 

Suu, 

Pro, chho, 

PyOy ^ ho, pyauhtso. 

Hdwe, 

Tape, 

Thai, 

Caret, 

Caret, 

Hankai, 

Kto, tathuthah. 

Klaing, 

Ungdau, 

Sat, 

Noi, 

Hutsa, phut. 

Boh. 

Wd, 

Pak. 

Kajited, 
Kajiman, 

Mente, radate khdekdete 
Kajiman, 
Kachnekrah, 
Kajemi, 
Auda, 
Bdrdmanke, wurkana. 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Pesu. 

KatdgeMmu, 
Birddna, 
Sammeva. 
Vdtesuiay vesetalld, 
Kathhdko, kathhd. 

Caret, 

Ptsu, 

Caret, 

Paraya, samsdrikka, 

Mdtlddu, 

Caret. 

Mdtd4u, 

Pater puna, 

Takpare. 

Card. 

Bskth him, arversh bini, 

Mansbey mdnivo. [arvor. 

Nudi 4an€y mdid4infy nu4i, 

Mat&4^i nuifi^ 

BffMAe^pesu, 



(whisper), 
gdlammardUte 
(gossip). 




■■"■^rfeJA^i. 



^igLtjzgd'by 



GooqIc 



212 



SE TENIR DEBOUT—STEHEN— STAND U P—VSTAT— STARE. 



[chap. VI.— VERKv 



I 



s 



t 



I 






I 
I 



Types. 

vg (Sanskrit, 
'^ (Arabic, . 

Bask, . . 
Finnic, . 
Magyar, . 
Turkish, . 
Circassian, 
Georgian, 
Mongolian, 
Mantshu, 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 
Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Collpquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

:^ fGyirai, . 

Gydrung, . 

Tdkpa, . 

Mdnyak, . 

Thochii, . 
Sokpa, 
Hoq)a, 

Tibetan {written), 

Tibetan {spokeu\ 

Serpa, . . 
Siinwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
Miirmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pikhya, . 
Newdr, 
Limbu, 

' Kirdnti, . 
Rodong, . 
RUngchenbung, 
Chhingtdngya, 
Ndchhereng, 
Wiling, . 
Ydkha, . 
Chourdsya, 
Kulungya, 
Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, 
Lohorong, 
Lambichhong. 
Bdldli, . . 
Sdng-ping, 
Ddmi, . . 
Khdling, . 
Dungmili, 

' Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thdru, 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhdtdni v. Lhopa, 



r 



Dantfyfdddbhydm-sthd, sthd, 
Wakafa, \(tishihati). 

likiy jaiki. 

Nousen, 

All. 

Kalk. 

Card, 

Caret, 

Tokhdakho. 

Itinu, 

Tangi. 

Tangi. 

DirL 

Chdn ki-ldi. 

Chdn-ki-ldi, 

JCi'hi-shan. 

Lok-chUe, 

KH. 

TalsUy okosotatsti, 

Bathmarak. 

Chhile, 

Taryup yachiit. 

Lang. 

Khanje/i. 

Taron. 

Posth, 

Zuryen. 

Uchhar. 

Long. 

Long. 

Bok. 

Rddh. 

Rdb. 

Swond. 

Gnajurpa, 

Utha. 

Dong. 

Poge. 

Yewd iHntd. 
Fukalenda, refa. 
Puwaionta, 
Yeba, 
Repa. 
Ye wa. 
Pugd. 
Ydmsid. 
Thorepa. 

Yep da. [pine.^ 

Rdppo, rongsOy rap'she,^ ra- 
Yebe^yepogeyyebache, * rebane. * 
Poklonda^ yebd, yebachi^ ye- 
Yepoky yeba, yepoka- \bani.^ 
Ripdchiy^ -ni.^ \chi,^ yepokd- 
Ripha. [//;>/.* 

Repye. 
Rebe. 

irtMik. 

U'th. 

Ddingchon. 

Chingsa. 

So. 

Y'epche. 

irthou. 

Loengwoto. 

Khaddho. 

Liik, ding. 
Long. 



I 



I 

I 



I 






Co 



I 



.« 

-§ 

^ 



' Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kdchdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthin Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Nimsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd^ 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

Burman {wnttm), 
Burman {spokm\ 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . . . 
Kiimi, . . . 
MnS v. Toung, 
Sdk, ... 

' Talain v. Men, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbh 
Santdli, 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rdjmahali 
Gondi, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Mddi, . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . 
Keikddi, 
Khond, 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukala, 
Chentsu, 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod. 
Telugu, . . 
Karadtaka, anc, 
Karadtaka, mod., 
Tuliiva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
Toduva,) 
Toda, \ 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, . 
Kurumba, 
Iruja, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



um 



Gochvngy jakhdng. 

/dp- 

Thdruhonu. 
Chap. 
Guchung dang. 

L^bo, 
Ajong. 
Yong chi. 
Huniigili. 
TTia/e. 
Chapo. 
JVotak. 
Septak. 
Dangkiipu. 
£>drup. 
Tdkarini. 
Tsapu^ rotu. 

Tha, mat. 

77td, mat. 

Tune. 

Kado. 

A'ngthou. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Afon/et, k?iaiau. 

*Ser/er, tshethu. 

Tsungtung. 

Unghhung. 

Tsotru, 

Ddy. 

Roa, yiin. 

Ti. 

Sau. 

Song. 

Ttngunted. 

Ttngunman. 

Tingohtej demachohte, herehii 

Tinguakanman. [(rise) 

rildhd. 

Tengunmi. 

Choiya, 

Tedaniga^ nittana. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Ninduko. 

Nistdmu. 

Dedebd. 

Thnend. ^ . 

Nikkebogu^nintirukorufuytru. 

Thd doho. 

Caret. 

Nil. 

Caret. 

NUka. 

Niluchun4u, niiuchu. 

Caret. 

Nintu kollu. 

Entuna. 

NUlu. 

Caret. 

Mklo. 

Nittdie, meke. 

Niddiru, lyettu. 

Niddiru, yeddu. 

Nike, yendu km)t 

Nil. 

ffifinavd. 



Digitized by VriOOQ iC 



CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] 



FRAPPER— SCHLAGEN— STRI K E— BIT— PULSARE. 



213 



1 



J 



^ 
.« 






I 
6 



I 



t 



■J 



I 



«»^ 



•^ (Sanskrit, 
«|, (Arabic, 

Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 



' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 

Gydning, 

Tdkpa, 

Mdnyak, 

Thochd, 

Sokpa, 

Horpa, 

Tibetan (writtfn)^ 

Tibetan Xspokat)] 

Serpa, . 

Silnwdr, 

Giirung, 

MiSrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Rdngchenbung, 

Chhingtingya, 

Ndchhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

Bdldli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

KhUing, . 

Dungmkli, 

Ddrhi, . . 

Denwdr, . 

Pahri, . . 

Chepdng, . 

Bhramu, . 

V^, . . 
Kittwar, 



Tliini, , • • • 
Lqpdia (SikkimX 



Tad^ han^ tud. 
Daraba, 

/Oy jazartu. 

Piekscn, 

Ub. 

Vur, 

Yeywan, yoh. 

Wkhots, 

Gdpsigo, 

Shasikalane, 

Hanggitik, 

Hanggitik, 

PukuL 

Td, 

Td. 

Td 

Tdng, 

rah, 

Utsu. 

Khalbo, 

Td 

Tatup, 

Dilinge. 

Danthd. 

Dagatch, 

Chhok ka, 

Nazbi, 

Bdun^ rdeg. 

Dung,' 

Dung. 

rap. 

Tan. 

Rob. 

Dung. 

Tdu, thopdti. 

Kiit. 

Dd 

Hipte, hipte. 

Mou. 

Chai zyU^ chai dyti. 

MoUy moanum.^ 

Tena. 

Yop's^. 

Mou. 

Moktu. 

7\iptd 

Keru. 

Yalsa. 

Tyiipo, tipo, tipshe,^ tipine.'^ 

LonUy lo mache^ lo mam ne.^ 

Tena. 

Lomu. 

Yosu, kirUy yopsu. 

KUfide. 

Yd/ye. 

Nore^ norchU^ nomumye.^ 

Thdthdik. 

Mdrik. 

Ddchhon. 

Card, 

Moto. 

loh'po. 

TMthdik. 

I^iHgbogp. 

Mdr,mardu. 

30k 



I 



1*1 
•^ 



•I 



<? 



4) 



^ 

^ 



.5 

! 

•S 
«0 



I 

I 



Bodo, . 
Dhimil, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichdri, 

' Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Ndgd, 
Khdri Nigd, . 
Angimi Nigd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman {wHtun), 
Burman (spoken)^ 
Khyeng v. Shou 
Kimi, 
Kilmi, 
Mni v. Toung, 
Sdk, 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
KMmti, . 
Laos, . . 

' Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhi 
Santdli, 
Bhiimij, 
Urdon, 
Mundala, 
Rijmahali, 
Gon^i, 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, 
Naikude, 
Kolami, 
Midi, . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . 
Keikddi, 
Khond, 
Sivara, 
Gadaba, 
Yerukala, 
Chentsu, 

' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod. 
Malaydlma, anc. 
Malaydjma, mod. 
Telugu, . . 
Karndt^ka, anc. 
Kar^dtaka, mod 
Tuluva, 
Kuigi,. 
Toijuva,) 
Taja, ; 
Kdta, . 
Baraga, 
Knfitmba, 
folk • 



um 



), 



Sho. 

Ddnghai. 
Pitinu, 
Tok. 
Bu dung. 

Yaiyo, 
Maithun, 
Set chL 

Yakchau. 

Vashuwe. 

Vdto. 

Tasungr, iatapsap, 

Taphetoko. 

Pdpu. 

Diito. 

Borini. 

Dupu. 

Raikyput. 
Ydik, pok. 
Mole, 
Male, 

Pu khouorathum. 
Caret. 
Caret. 

Tat. 

Taw^ patau. 

Du. 

Tway. 

Pautihn. 

Ban, 

PautiAn, //, bo/, 

Dd,po. 

Po, 

Ti, bup. 

Ruted, 
Goiman. 
Susdrate 
Magiman. 
Khorah. 
Ddli, 
Bdja, 
Junyjiana. 
Caret. 
Caret, 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret, 
Caret, 
Caret. 
Adi. 
Vetdmu. 
Teda. 
Buvo. 
Mottu. 
Mdr, maryo. 

Caret. 

Adi. 

Caret. 

Aifty talla. 

Kottu, 

Caret, 

ffoife. 

Caret, 

YeppUy eri. 

Caret, 

Puis biniy buro, 

Putgabe^ puiye. 

HmdanCy kui, 

Hmdantt hut, 

A4ike^a4i, 

AiiythaUu. 

Gahanavd, 



kuhaiite ddiatey 

Ic'hetdhte,kardh' 
karahie. 



'j.tf- ^ r.." 



Digitized by 



J:iiL: 



GooqI( 



214 



PRENDRE— NEHMEN— TAKE— VZYAT—CAPERE. 



[chap. VI.— verbs. 



Types, 

-g (Sanskrit, 
^ (Arabic, . 



r 



Bask, 

Finnic, . . . . 
Magyar, .... 
Turkish, . . . 
Circassian, . . . 
Georgian, . . . 
Mongolian, . . . 
Mantshu, . . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, . 
Javanese, Krama, . 
Malay, . . . . 



Chinese, Nankin, . 
Chinese, Pekin, . 
Chinese, Canton, . 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, . 
Japanese, . . . 

Brahuf, Halliak. 



Grahy ddd, hri^ dhri. 
A'khaza, 

Artu, itsiki. 
Otan, 
Vesz. 
AL 

Tzirishch. 
Wigheb lgheb\ 
Ahcho. 
Dshatame, 
Chekcl, 
Chefiertg, 
AmbiL 

Pd. 

Pd, 

Nim. 

Tan, 

Teh. 

TorUy tori. 



5 



s 



.1' 



I 



' Gydrai, . . . 

Gydning, . . . 

Tdkpa, . . . 

Mdnyak, . . . 

ThochiS, . . . 

Sokpa, . . . 

Horpa, . . . 
Tibetan (7vrittm\ 

Tibetan {spoken)^ . 

Serpa, . . . . 

Siinwdr, . . . 

Gdrung, . . . 

Miirmi, . . . 

Magar, . . . 

Thdksya, . . . 

Pdkhya, . . . 

Newir, . . . 

Limbu, . . . 



I 



ft; 

I 



Kirdnti, . . . 

Rodong, . . . 
Riingchenbung, . 

Chhingtingya, , 

Ndchhereng, . . 

Wdling, . . . 

Yikha, . . . 

Chourdsya, . . 

Kulungya, . . 

Thulungya, . . 

Bdhingya, . . 

Lohorong, . . 

Lambichhong, . 

Bdldli, . . . . 

Sdng-ping, . . 

Diimi, . . . . 

Khdling, . . . 

Dungmdli, . . 

^Ddrhi, . . . . 

Denwdr, . . . 

Pahri, . . . . 

Chepdng, . . . 

Bhrimu, . . . 

Viyu, . . . . 

Kuswar, . . . 

Kusunda, . . . 

Thdru, . . . 



Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhdtini v. Lhopa, 



Rdkwo, 
Daven. 
Yd, longd. 
Dango. 
Jddjh, 
Caret, 

GwonkJuy tushthu, 
^artyjungy hen, 
Leng, yd. 

Ling, 

Hye, 

KinH. 

Thob. 

Leo, 

Bhakdu, 

La, 

Kdy na, 

Le, 

Bdtu, 

Ne, piikjiy pudyu. 

Ne, battu, 

Khdtta, 

Ney beh y^, 

JVe, bdttu, 

Kwe, dktu, kettu, 

Ne, paistd, 

Ne^ kMtiy khdyu. 

Ne^ briya, 

Ne^ IdtOyjdpOy blawo. 

NayCy labe, 

Koy thepta, 

Ndy khettd, 

Ne, khdyu, 

Ne, khdta. 

Card, 

Ne, khdye, 

Lehik, 

Leik, 

Hdya, 

Lm, 

Thdyo, 

Doko, 

Neik, 

Md, 

Lata, 

Lyo, 
Len nang. 



I 



I 



I 



ft 



Bodo, Ld, nd, 

Dhimil, Rhu. 

Kocch, Libdr. 

Garo, Uy lau, 

Kichdri, Caret, 



.<3 

I 



I 
■? 

I 

^ 

I 



Munipuri, . . 
Mfthdn Ndgd, . 
Tablung Ndgd, . 
Khdri Ndgd, . . 
Angdmi Ndgd, . 
Nimsing Ndgi, . 
Nowgong Ndg^ 
Tengsa Nigd, . 
Abor Miri, . . 
Sibsigar Miri, . 
Deoria Chutia, . 
Singpho, . . . 

Burman (written), 

Burman {spoken), , 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, .... 
Kilmi, .... 
Mni V. Toung, . 
Sik, .... 






Lono, 
Paule. 
Yakei, 
Hiraugo, 
Khriliwe, 
Kapo, 
Niagirr, 
ChiokkOy dnno. 
Ldpii. 
Ldio, 
Lario, 
Ldu. 

Yti, 

Yu, 

Si, 

Ld. 

Lo, 

Caret. 

Card, 

Kit, 

Henay he, 

Mahni. 

Rhone, 

An, 

Bat, 



Talain v. Mon, . . 
Sgau-karen, . . . 
Pwo-karen, . . . 
Toungh-thu, . . . 

Shdn, 

Annamitic, . . . 

Siamese, Ouk^ au, nap, 

Ahom, Au. 

KMmti, Au, 

Laos, Au, 

fHo(Kol), .... Telleited, 

Kol (Singhbhum), . . Ne, 

Santili, Idlte, ne! 

Bhdmij, Ne, 

Urdon, Odnda, 

Mundala, Ne, 

Rijmahali, .... Kinda, 

Gondi, Tardy woniona^ yetaile, 

Gayeti, Card, 

Rutluk, Card, 

Naikude, Caret, 

Kolami, Card, 

Midi, Card, 

Mddia, Card, 

Kuri, Card, 

Keikidi, Yedutuko. 

Khond, Kuway. 

Sdvara, Yama, 

Gadaba, T>emd, 

Yenikala, Vdko, vdnkemdte. 

Chentsu, Niyyo, niyd. 

' Tamil, anc, .... EttukkoL 

Tamil, mod., .... Eduttukkoi, yeda. 

Malaydlma, anc, . . . Card, 

Malaydima, mod., . . Etukka, 

Telugu, PuchchukonUy tisukonu, 

Karndtaka, anc, . . Card, 

Karndtaka, mod., . . Dukoliu, 

Tuluva, Caret', 

Kurgi, Card, 

Toduva,) .... Caret. 

Toda, I . . . . Tegiyyettfo, 

Kdta, Vede. 

Badaga, T^. 

Kurumba, .... T^, 

Inila, Bongu, 

Malabar, Edu, 

Sinhalese, Gannavd, 



Digitized by 



Google 



CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] OTER— WEGNEHMEN— TAKE AWAY— UNOSIT— AUFERRE. 



215 



1 



> 



J 



Types, 

(Sanskrit, 
(Arabic, . 



A'nl^ apani^ apahri, 
A'khaza, 



Bask, Kendu^ edeki^ ideki^ idok't. 

Finnic, Otanpois. 

Magyar, Eivesz, 

Turkish, Getur. 



Circassian, . 
Georgian, . . 
Mongolian, . . 
Mantshu, . . 
Javanese, Ngoko, 
Javanese, Krama, 



Caret. 

[Zia.] 

Apgatchikho. 

Gaime, 

Hamet, 

Mefufet. 



bo 

I 



i 

* 

■^ 



s 



■s 

I 



I 
I 

5! 






I 



Malay, Angkat, 

' Chinese, Nankin, . . Fd-J^u, 

Chinese, Pekin, . . Pd-ch'u, 

Chinese, Canton, . . Nim-hii. 

Chinese, Shanghai, . Tan-le, 

Amoy, Colloquial, . . Tih-k\ 

Japanese, .... Mote-ike. 

Brahuf, Harfhin. 

Gydmi, Ldchhe. 

Gydrung, Dichdng. 

Tdkpa, Khor. 

Mdnyak, Tuyu. 

ThochiS, Doukwa. 

Sokpa, Ahbachhi. 

Horpa, Wumbe. 

Tibetan (written), . . l^khiir^ bkhyer. 

Tibetan (spoken), . . . Bdk song. 

Serpa, KMr syop. 

Silnwdr, Lot. 

Giining, Bhod. 

Mdrmi, For. 

Magar, Arho. 

Thiksya, Bhoro. 

Pdkhya, Ldljd. 

Newir, Yenki. 

Limbu, Tere. 

fKirdnti, KM tu. 

Rodong, Fugzya^ piigdyu. 

Riingchenbung, . . . Khdttuki khdra. 

Chhingtingya, . . . Khditu khdra, khdttu lonta. 

Nichhereng, .... Khe yu. 

Wiling, Khdttu. 

Ydkha, KhettUy yang khettu. 

Chourdsya, .... Lettd. 

Kulungya, .... Khdyu. 

Thulungya, .... Daii da. 

Bihingya, Ldiyo, Id tojo, la tise,^ iatinc.^ 

Lohorong, .... Lahette, iakhefteyiakhettache.^ 

Lambichhong, . . . Khdtta, chikhette, yi khette, 

Bdldli, Ydkhettu. [la khetU. 

Sdng-pdng, .... Khd^yu. 

DiSmi, Khotte, [naye.^ 

KMling, Khdtte, khatU chU,^ khos- 

Dungnadli, .... Khdde, khddeckU} khdde- 

Ddrhi, Lefik. 

Denwir, L^aik. 

Pahri, B^tldsoKy biddson. 

Chepdng, Caret, 

Bhiimu, Ydnggno^ yangp. 

Vdyn, Ldkto.lakto. 

Knswiar, Nddn, 

Kt»mda, Wi. 

Thira, L^in. 



[niftgye. 






mfwm WOwm 



I 

•IJ 



I 






h 



Bodo, . 

Dhimdl, 

Kocch, 

Garo, . 

^ Kdchdri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
Tablung Nigd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Nigd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsdgar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 
Burman (written), 
Burman (spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou 
K^i, . 
Kdmi, . 
MnS V. Toung, 
[Sdk, . 

Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khdmti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhum^ 

Santili, . 

Bhiimij, 

Urion, 

Mundala, . 

Rdjmahali, 

Gon<Ji, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, . 

Naikude, . 

Kolami, 

Mddi, . . 

Mddia, 

Kuri, . . 

Keikidi, . 

Khond, 

Sdvara, 

Gadaba, . 

Yenikala, . 

Chentsu, . 

Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc., 
Malaydima, mod. 
Telugu,' . . 
Kari^itaka, anc, 
Kanpidtaka, mod. 
Tuluya, 
Kmgi, . 
Toijuva,) 

K6ta, . 

Irok , 
Ifuabuv 



Ldng. 

Ch^ngpu. 

Lijdbdr. 

Leidng, 

Caret. 

Fukho. 
Fai pau. 
Noh si. 
Heneraugo. 
Satele. 
Kapkdto. 
Fenruang. 
Cheba chmang. 
Bomkang. 
Bomkang. 
Laromni. 
Ldu wdu. 

Y^swd 

Yu'thwd. 

Caret. 

Ldhdi. 

Lode. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Kitna. 

Sokwi, ketcho, katso. 

Tsohkwaik. 

Htiilway. 

Oungkwa. 

'Demdi. 

Oungkot^ thii. 

Sung. 

Song. 

Song, thii. 

rated, sabted. 
I'diman. 

Iditardite, dohte (by force). 
Idimengo. 
Hond. 
Edime. 
Oiyd. 

Oumaniga, wontona, woyalle. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Yedu. 

Ahdnesamallmu. 
Fdgnd id ylrba. 
Sogusiyyd. 

Yittikondupo, vakkondu- 
Nikejd, niyd. [pomu. 

Kodupb. 

Kondupb, ye4uttupb. 

Caret. 

Kondupb. 

Timkapb. 

Caret. 

Oyyu. 

Kom/attu popuna. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Ettfo. 

Eithcgu. 

Y€U%tM4 hogu. 

YetHumfh^. 

Etfedm kofufu poke. 

EdtOhi^^odu. 

AhaUkaranavd. 



'Ai.,. 




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2l6 



DIRE— SAGEN— TELL (RelATE)— RAZSKAZUIVAT— DICERE. [chap, vi.— verbs 



1 
I 



I' 



^ 



S 



I 

I 

I 
s 

I 



Types. 

go 

« (Sanskrit, 
4 (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

' Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghaij 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 






Brahuf, 

Gydmi, 
Gy^bnng, 
Tdkpa, 
Mdnyak, 
Thochd, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan (wrUtm), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . 

Siinwdr, 

Gilning, 

MUrmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

Riingchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Nichhereng, 

Wdling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

B^dli, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Dilmi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungnikli, 

f Ddrhi, . . 

Denwdr, . 

Pahri, . . 

Chepdng, . 

Bhrdmu, . 

Vdyu, . . 

Kuswar, . 

Kusunda, . 
^ Thdru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiifini v. Lhopa, 



Kath, vady nivid, 
KJ/a, haka, 

EsaUy erran, 
Juttun, 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret 
Wautskeb. 
Togotchilakho. 
Khendume. 
Nuturri. 
* Hasanjang. 
Bilang. 

Kiang kih-fing. 

Ching kei-fing. 

Kong4'ing. 

Kau-su. 

Kdikong. 

MongatalUy nanasiworusu. 

Parak. 

Shro. 
Tachm. 
Syat. 
Thaidy^. 
K^rr. 
Khala. 

Tayifiy napshe. 
'Bshody hchhod. 
Ldpy chwe. 

Lap. 

Den. 

Bid. 

Sydt. 

Khattgni. 

Bhigo. 

Kaha. 

Ron. 

Ckekhey cheke. 

Khang metu. 

Yeng metiUy khdngmusay 

Chepta. \khangmettu. 

P^u. 

Khouj su. 

Yok'mettu. 

Sokdtd. 

Pod. 

Sing'da. 

Sogno, sodiy sodo. 

I'se, -ache^ -amne.^ 

TumMsa. 

Fsu. 

Pdyu. 

Blefte, blefte. \sua.^ 

Bldite, iafte, biattechi,^ blatte- 

L^ye, Itichie,^ lunumye} 

Kdhuk. 

Sarha. 

Kyen. 

Nhosche. 

Chisoyo. 

IsHto, boh' to. 

Ghanaiik. 

Wongddgo. 

Kahare. 

Dan. 
Lap. 



I 






I 



«^ 



It 






c; 

h 

e 

■^ 



I 



Bodo, . 
Dhimdl, 
Kocch, 
Garo, . 
Kichiri, 

Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
TablungNdgd, 
Khdri N^d, . 
Angdmi Ndg^ 
Ndrosdng Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 
Burman (writun), 
Burman {spokm), 
Khyeng v. Shou 
Kirai, . 
KiSmi, . 
Mni v. Toung, 
Sdk, . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khimti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 
Kol (Singhbhi 
Santili, . 
Bhdmij, . 
Urdon, 
Mundala, . 
Rdjmahali, 
Goi?di, . . 
Gayeti, 
Rutluk, . 
Naikude, . 
Kolami, . 
Mddi, . . 
Mddia, 
Kuri, . . 
Keikidi, . 
Kho^d, . 
Sdvara, 
Gadaba, . 
Yenikala, . 
Chentsu, . 

' Tamil, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malaydlma, anc, 
Malaydjma, mod. 
Telugu,' . . 
Kar^dtaka, anc, 
Karndtaka, mod., 
Tuluva, 
Kurgi, . 
Toduva, ) 
Toda, ]■ 
K6ta, . 
Badaga, 
Kufumba, 
Irula, . 
Malabar, 
Sinhalese, 



um 



), 



J^ai. 

Dop. 

Bolinu. 

Barot. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Ngdo. 

Shiang. 

Suang, 

Liipu. 

Lubida. 

Caret. 

SUn. 

Chho, krd. 

Sho kyd, pyawthi. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

The. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Hattmarai. 

Ta\. 

Laubah. 

Thouthan. 

Lot. 

Noi, ki. 

Laty bok wd. 

Bok. 

Wd. 

Wd. 

Merited. 
Kajiman. 

Radaie, Idpdite (converse), 
Kajiman. [/^x^inform). 
Kdchana. 
Kdji. 
Tenga. 

Wurkana^ kantdna mnjc. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Caret. 
Vesdmu. 
Appungd. 
Tsiino. 
Sonnu. 
Ko. 

Caret. 

Sol. 

Caret. 

Paraya. 

Cheppu. 

Caret. 

Hklu. 

Panuppuna. 

Pare. 

Caret. 

Bindudverth bine, esht. 

Peidibe, parrde. 

Hl^ne, hl£gti. 

Hlegine^ hdu. 

Sollre^ sollu. 

Sollu. 

Kiydpan. 



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CHAP. VI.— VERBS.] COMPRENDRE— VERSTEHEN— U N DE RST AN D— PONIMAT— INTELLIGERE. 2 1 7 



Types. 


•^ fBodo, 


. . B^jUd. 


1° (Sanskrit, .... Znd Udndtt\budA{bodhati), 


1^ Dhim^ 
^ Kocch, 




. Biijhte rhu. 
. Bujhinu. 


4. (Arabic, . 








, Fahatna, \yid. 


kj Garo, . 




. Biijai. 


•^ 


Bask, . , 








, EndeglatUy iskidatu^ aditUy 


:^ [Kdchdri, 




. Caret. 




Finnic, , 








Ymmarran. \gosartu. 




' Munipuri, 




Caret. 




Magyar, . 








. Erb, 


■^' 


MfthdnNdg^ . . 


Avan. 


§= 


Turkish, . 








. Anna, akla. 


1 


TablungNdgd, . . 


Tau singpu. 


^ 


Circassian, 








Jhshghaga, 


■^ 


Khdri Ndgd, . . . 


Metechau. 


|- 


Georgian, 








. Caret. 


•^ 


Angdmi Ndgd, . . 


Siwe. 


MONGOUAN, 








Ergitc/ugd\ 


.^ 


Ndmsdng Ndgd, . . 


IJdto. 


Mantshu, 








Ulkhimbe. 


s 


Nowgong N^^ . . 


Matiirrmd, 




Javanese, Ngoko, 




. Ngertu 


"i; 


Tengsa Ndgd, . . . 


MyangTnang. 




Javanese, Kiama, 




Ngertos. 


^ 


Abor Miri, . . . . 


Aen. 




Malay, , . . 




MangdrtL 


Sibsigar Miri, . . . 


Kinioka. 








1^ 


Deoria Chutia, . . . 


Takarini. 




Chinese, Nankin, 




HidoU'tih. 




Sinonho- ... 


Choiu, 


• 


Chinese, Pekin, 




Hsidou-tCs 


^ ——or — f 




.^ 


Chinese, Canton, 




ma^iak. 


1 


Ijurman {wrtttm), . . 


Lifty si. 


"1 


Chinese, Shanghai, 




Tung 


1 


Bunnan (spoken), . . 


Ley thiy ndlaythi. 


•^ 


Amoy, Colloquial, 




HiAu. 


OQ 


Khyeng v. Shou, . . 


Ne. 




Japanese, 








Wakaru^ kadcnmru. 


4' 

St 


Kdmi, 

Kiimi, 


Kandi. 
Caret. 


Brahuf, , 








Tarak. 


« 


Mnl V. Toung, . . . 


Caret. 


1 


' Gydmi, 
Gyirung, . 








Syd. 
Tisen, 


^ 


.Sdk, 

' Talain v. Mon, . . . 


Caret. 
Tthtmara. 


<b 


Tdkpa, . 








Sent. 


.8 


Sgau-karen, . . . . 


Nahpor. 


M^yak, . 








Najinje, 


Pwo-karen, . . . . 


Nahthi. 


"i " 


Thochil, , 








Akhchan. 


§ 


Toungh-thu, . . . . 


Thana. 


1 


Sokpa,. . 
Horpa, 








fferiya, 
Sam tenchu^ 


1- 


Shin, 

Annamitic, . . . . 


HiUikh. 
Hihi. 


1 


Tibetan (wriitm). 






Soms^gp. 


i> 


Siamese, 


HiUety Hi. 


8 


Tibetan ispokenV 






Som. 




Ahom, 


ffii. 










^ 


Khimti, 


Hity thom. 




rSerpa, . , . 






Syen. 




^Laos, 


Ruy hu. 


■s 


Siinwdr, . 
Giirung, . 
MiSrmi, 
Magar, 
Thdksya, . 
Pdkhya, . 
New^, . . 
Limbu, . , 








Caret. 

Mhddid. 

Go, 

Phero. 

Ghau. 

Bujha. 

SikU 

Singnite^ singte. 




^Ho(Kol), . . . . 
Kol (Singhbhum), . . 
Santdli, 


Ayumurumted. 

Adaiman. 

A'njonwromate (understand 


1 










Bhiiinij, 
Urion, 
Mundala, 
Rijmahali, 
Go^di, . 


. 


Etwanachigum. [from hear- 

BMjarka. [ing). 

SamUJhai. 

BUjid. 

Piitte. 




' Kirdnti, . 








Sin tu. 


•S 


Gayeti, 




Caret. 




Rodong, . , 








KdmmUy mui dyu. 


^ 


Rutiuk, 




Caret. 




Riingchenbung, 






Mittu. 


1 


Naikude, 




Caret. 




Chhingtingya, 






Pitta. 


Kolarai, 




Caret. 


i 


Ndchhereng, . 






Chlyu. 


Midi, . 




Caret. 


Wiling, . , 








Mittu. 




Midia, . 




Caret. 


c 


Ydkha, . 








Mittu. 




Kuri, . 




Caret. 


^ 


Chourdsya, 








Bimstd. 




Keikddi, 




Caret. 


s 


Kulungya, 








Min'nu, 




Kho9<J, 




Anupunnenju. 


l*" 


Thulungya, 
Bdhingya, . 








MMda, 

MimtOy mimtise^^ mimtine} 




Sdvara, 
Gadaba, 




An4dngalayi. 
Memyd avure. 


1 


Lohorong, 








Mitte, mitheache^ mitteamne. 




Yerukaia, 




Teientsu. 


LambicWbong 


> 






Mim'da. 




Chentsu, 




Md/um. 


MWli, . . 








Mittu. 




' Tamil, anc. 


• . * . . 


Caret. 




Sdng-p^g, 








Mitnu, 




Tamil, mod., . . . . 


Ari. 




DUmi, . , 








Momsi. \naye} 




Malayd]ma, anc., . . 


Caret. 




Khdling, . 








Mam'de^ mi miye^ mam 




Malaydjma, mod., . . 


Ttri. 




Dungnidli, 








MiHye^ mih ycMe^ mihye- 




Telugu, 


Teli. 


^. r Dirhi. . . 








ft^.tr numye} 
B^jhkare. -^ 

BUjh. 


, 


Karpdtaka, anc, . . . 


Caret. 


i 


Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 








s 


Kamdtaka, mod., . . 
Tujuva, 


Tifi. 
Teriyunnupuna. 


V 


Chepdng, . 
Bhtamu, . . 

KustnKu, . < 
Thiru,. . , 








Caret. 

BUzdyit. 

Seko 


I' 


Kuigi, 

To^uva,) . . . , 
To(Ja, f . . . 


Ari. 

Caret. 

Arth biney aridir. 


1 








Bujhau. 




K6ta, 

Bft^iga, .... 


Arsibe, arsuUe, 

Aridaney aridirUy aridutto. 




. . . Jk^Aarf. 




Kniumba, . . . 

ina% 


AridatUy ariduko. 
Arikey arindiru. 


Lepcha (SikkmiK « * Ob^. || 




MaUbar, 


Vthmgu. 




Bhiit^ ▼« U 


wpi 


*f' 


• 


Stu^ itff^f *w^ 11 




Siiibalese, 







t% 



J:!^ 



1. 



ii KiJ 



^''' r^llr 



Digitized by VjOOQ IC 



2l8 



PLEURER— WEINEN— WEEP— PLAKAT-LACRIMARE. 



[chap. VI.— verbs. 



Types, 

Quo 

I (Sanskrit, 
I, (Arabic, 



Bask, . 

Finnic, 

Magyar, 

Turkish, 

Circassian, 

Georgian, 

Mongolian, 

Mantshu, 

Javanese, Ngoko, 

Javanese, Krama, 

Malay, . . . 

Chinese, Nankin, 
Chinese, Pekin, 
Chinese, Canton, 
Chinese, Shanghai, 
Amoy, Colloquial, 
Japanese, 

Brahuf, 






h 
■I 

I 

2 



i 
I 



I 

I 



1 



I 

^5 



Gydmi, 
Gyirung, 
Tikpa, 
Minyak, 
Thochti, 
Sokpa, . 
Horpa, 

Tibetan {written), 
Tibetan (spoken), 

Serpa, . 

SiSnwdr, 

GiSrung, 

Miirmi, 

Magar, 

Thdksya, 

Pdkhya, 

Newdr, 

Limbu, 

Kirdnti, 

Rodong, 

RiSngchenbung, 

Chhingtdngya, 

Nichhereng, 

Wiling, . 

Ydkha, . 

Chourdsya, 

Kulungya, 

Thulungya, 

Bdhingya, . 

Lohorong, 

Lambichhong, 

BdldU, . . 

Sdng-pdng, 

Diimi, . . 

Khdling, . 

Dungmdli, 

Ddrhi, . . 
Denwdr, . 
Pahri, . . 
Chepdng, . 
Bhrdmu, . 
Vdyu, . . 
Kuswar, . 
Kusunda, . 
Thiru, . . 

Lepcha (Sikkim), 
Bhiijini v. Lhopa, 



Rud (rodati), krand. 
Baka, 

Negaregin, nigar^n, negar- 
liken. [rezanizan. 

Caret. 
Aghla. 
Mehkueh. 
Wastin (tir). 
Uilacho. 
Soksinu. 
Tangis. 
Muwun. 
Tdngis. 

Ti-kuh. 
Ti'ku. 
Hdm. 
K'oh. 

Lau-bak-sdi (let fall tears). 
Naku. 

Hagh. 

SMhrin. 
Dakakru. 
Gnu. 
Dangwd. 
Arzan. 
Witnna. 
Nakabrd. 
N^ty sMm. 
Gno. 

Gnumi. 

Gndk. 

Krod. 

Jtrdjh. 

Rdp. 

Tdko. 

Sanchha. 

Khwo. 

Hdbe. 

Khdvd. 

Khdpa. 

Khdwa 

Hdba. 

Khdpa. 

Khd wa. 

Hdba. 

Khrdptd. 

Khdpa. 

Khrdpda. 

GnokkOy gnokse,^ gnokine} 

Hdbe, habache,^ habane.^ 

Hdba, habachiy^ habani.^ 

Khdba, khabachi^ kliahanin. * 

Khdpd, -chiy^ -ni} 

Gnoke. 

Gnoke. 

Khdbe. 

Rouk. 

Hdn. 

Khwe. 

Rhiasche, rhiasa. 

Hdpd. 

Okche. 

Dakarou, dakarou. 

Jhdmao. 

Kdro'dl. 

Rhiop. 
Gni. 



^ 






■^ fBodo, . 
I Dhimdl, 
^ -I Kocch, 
k5 Garo, . 
[Kdchdri, 

' Munipuri, 
Mfthdn Ndgd, 
TablungNdgd, 
Khdri Ndgd, . 
Angdmi Ndgd, 
Ndmsing Ndgd, 
Nowgong Ndgd, 
Tengsa Ndgd, 
Abor Miri, . 
Sibsigar Miri, 
Deoria Chutia, 
Singpho, . . 

' Burman (written), 

Burman {spoken), 
Khyeng v. Shou, 
Kdmi, . 
Kiimi, . 
Mni V. Toung, 
[Sdk, . 

' Talain v. Mon, 
Sgau-karen, 
Pwo-karen, 
Toungh-thu, 
Shdn, . . 
Annamitic, 
Siamese, . 
Ahom, . . 
Khimti, . 
Laos, . . 

Ho (Kol), 

Kol (Singhbhum] 

Santili, 

Bhdraij, 

Urdon, 

Mundala, 

Rdjmahali 

Gondi, 

Gayeti, 

Rutluk, 

Naikude, 

Kolami, 

Mddi, . 

Mddia, 

Kuri, . 

Keikddi, 

Khond, 

Sivara, 

Gadaba, 

Yerukala, 

Chentsu, 

' Tamij, anc, 
Tamil, mod., 
Malayilma, anc, 
Malaydlma, mod 
Telugu, . . 
Kari^dtaka, anc, 
Karnitaka, mod. 
Tuluva, . 
Kurgi, . . 
To(Juva,) 
Tocja, I 
K6ta, . . 
Badaga, 
Kunimba, 
Irula, . . 
Malabar, . 
Sinhalese, . 



Gdp. 

Khdr. 

Ronu. 

Hep^ 

Caret. 

Kupbo. 

Saple. 

Saptike. 

Chipli. 

Krd. 

Sapo. 

A'chaprr. 

Chappale. 

Kappa. 

Kapda. 

Ugarini. 

Khrdpu. 

Ngo. 

Ngo. 

Akdp. 

Khd. 

Awu. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Rdn. 

Haw, hauh. 

Gang, 

Ngen. 

Hihk. 

Khok. 

Raunghihny ronghai. 

Hai. 

Hat. 

Hai. 

Raited. 

Raiman. 

Rdhte, kahabdrate, khung- 

Eyamman. \suh, khungstihte 

Chinkhdh. I(sob). 

Eyamtemi. 

Olgd. 

ArdtOy adana, arana. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Agu. 

Caret. 

Kamyite. 

Borryo. 

Agtild, agu. 

Kdnd, kandiydr. 

Caret. 

Azhu. 

Caret. 

Kezhu. 

Edchu. 

Caret. 

Alu. 

Alupuna. 

Caret. 

Caret. 

Afth biniy atthti. 

Attube, dge. 

Altdne, lau. 

Alu, ditdne. 

Eke, aluve. 

Alukei. 

An4anavd. 



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APPENDIX. 



-.* . _ .. ■ ' • ^Digitized by CjOOQIC 
uiik^\ ■■' :. -^-m^jaitimh,iirtdtafi;." 1.1 *' . ■ - ^.- '. I-.-! - 











ENGLISH 


INDEX 












PACK 


PAGE 


PACK 


Above, .... 67 


His, 56 


Skin, 153 


Air, . 








104 


Hog,. . 






131 


Sky, . . 








154 


And,. 








68 


Horn, 






132 


Sleep, 








2IO 


Ant, . 








105 


Horse, 






133 


SmaU, 








i$6 


Anybody, 








65 


Hot,. 






178 


Snake, 








155 


Anything, 








66 


House, 






134 


So, . 








89 


Arrow, 








106 


How, 






76 


Sour, . 








187 


As, . 








69 


How much, 






77 


Speak, 








211 


Awake, 








195 


Hundred, . 






47 


Square, 








188 


Bad, . 








167 


Hunger, . 






135 


Star, . 
Stand up, . 








156 
212 


Below, 








70 


I, . . 






48 


Stone, 








157 


Between, 








7^ 


In, . . 






78 


Straight, . 








189 


Bird,. 








107 


Iron, . 






136 


Strike, 








213 


Bitter, 








168 


It, . . 






50 


Sun, . 








158 


Black, 
Blood, 








169 
108 


Kill, 






203 


Sweet, 








190 


Boat, 








109 


Laugh, 






204 


Take, 








214 


Bone, 








no 


Leaf, . 






137 


Take away. 






215 


Bring, 








196 


Lift up (raise). 






205 


Tall (of a man), 






191 


Buffalo, 








III 


Light, 






138 


Tell (relate), 






216 


By, . 








72 


Little, 






79 


Ten, . 








42 


Cat, . 








112 


Long (of a thing), 




179 


That, 
Their, 








61 

59 


Cold, 








170 


Man, 




139 


Then, 








90 


Come, 








197 


Mine, 






54 


There, 








9' 


Cow, 
Crooked, 








"3 
171 


Monkey, . 
Moon, 






140 
141 


They, 
Thin, 








S3 
192 


Crow, 








114 


Mosquito, . 






142 


Thine, 








55 


Day,. 








ii5 


Mother, 






143 


Thirst, 








159 


Doff, 








1x6 


Mountain, . 






144 


Thirty, 








44 


Drink, 








198 


Mouth, 
Move (walk). 






145 
206 


This, 
Thou, 








60 
49 


Ear,. 








117 


Much, 






80 


Three, 








35 . 


Earth, 








118 










Thus, 








9* 


Eat, . 








199 


Name, 






146 


Tiger, 








160 


Egg,. 








119 


Near, 






81 


To, . 








93 


Eight, 








40 


Night, . 






147 


To-day, 








94 


Elephant, 








120 


Nine, 






41 


To-morrow 








95 


Eye,. 








121 


No, . 
Not, . 






82 
83 


Tooth, 
Tree, 








r6i 
162 


Far, . 
Fat, . 
Father, 








73 
172 
122 


Now, 
Of, . 






84 
85 


Twenty, 
Two, 








43 
34 


Fire, . 








123 


Oil, . 






148 


Ugly, 








193 


Fish, . 








124 


On, . 






86 


Understand, 






217 


Fifty, 








46 


One, . 






33 










Five,.. 








37 


Or,\ . 






87 


Village, 








163 


Flat, . " 








173 


Our, . 






57 


Water, 








164 


Flower, 








125 


Outside, . 






88 


We, . 








51 


Foot, 
Forty, 








126 

45 


Plantain, 






149 


Weariness, 
Weep, 








165 
218 


Four, 








36 


Raw (green), 






180 


What, 








64 


From, 








74 


Red, 






181 


When, 








96 


Give, 








200 


Ripe, 






182 


Where, 








97 


Go, . 








201 


River, 






150 


Which, 








62 


Goat 








127 


Road, 






151 


White, 








194 


Good, 








174 


Round, 






183 


Who, 








63 


Great, 








175 


Run, . 






207 


Why, 








98 


Green, 








176 










With, 








99 












Salt, 






152 


Within, 








100 


Hair, 








128 


Seven, 






39 


Without, 








lOI 


Hand, 








129 


She, . 






50 










£.£. 


Handsome 








177 


Short (of a man), 
Short (of a thing), 




184 


Yam, 








166 


He, . 








50 




185 


Yes, . 








102 


Head, 








130 


Be silent, . 




208 


Yesterday, 








103 


Hear, 








202 


Sit down, . 




209 


You, 








52 


Here, 








75 


Six, . . 






38 


Your, 








58 



Digitized by 



Google 











FRENCH 


INDEX. 






PAGB 


PAGB 




PAGE 


A, 93 


Et, 68 


Par,. 


72 


Aigre, 






187 


Etoile, 








156 


Parler, 


211 


Ainsi, 






89 


T* - - 










Peaii, 


153 


Ainsi, 
Air, . 






92 
104 


Faim, 
Fatigue, 
Fer, . 
Feu, . 
Feuille, 
Fl^che, 
Fleur, 
Fourmi, 








135 
165 
136 
123 

137 
106 


Pfere, 
Petit, 


122 

184 


AUer, 
Alors, 
Amer, 
Apporter, . 






201 

90 

168 

196 








Petit, 
Peu, . 
Pied, 
Pierre, 


186 

79 
126 

157 


Arbre, 






162 








125 


Plantain, . 


149 


Asseoir, 






209 








105 


Plat, . 


173 


Au-dessous, 






70 








213 


Pleurer, . 


218 


Au-dessus, 






67 








170 


Poisson, . 


124 


Aujourd'hui, 






94 


Grand, 








175 


Pourquoi, . 


. . 98 


Avec, 






99 


Grand, 








191 


Prendre, . 


214 


Bateau, . 






109 


Gros, 








172 


Proche, 


81 


Beau, 






177 


HiER, 








103 


QUAND, . 


96 


Beaucoup, 






80 


Homme, 








139 


Quarante, . 


45 


Blanc, 






194 


Huile, 








148 


Quatre, 


36 


Boire, 






198 


Huit, 








40 


Quel, . . 


62 


Bon, . 

Bouche, 

Buffle, 






174 


Ici, . 








75 


Quelque chose, . 


66 






145 

IM 


Igname, 
11, . 








166 

50 


Quelqu'un, 
Qui, . . 


. . 65 
. . 63 


Carr^ 






188 


Us, . 








S3 


Quoi, 


64 


Ce, . .. 
Ce (cela), . 
Cent, 






60 
61 


JE, . 








4Sf 


RiRE, 


204 






47 


Jour, 








"5 


Riviere, 


150 


Chat, 






112 


La, . 








91 


Rond, 


183 


Chaud, 






178 


Laid, 








193 


Rouge, . 


181 


Chemin, 
Cheval, . 






151 
^33 


Leur, 
Lever, 








59 

205 


Sang, 


108 


Cheveu, 






128 


Loin, 








73 


Sans, 


lOI 


Chbvre, . 






127 


Long, 








179 


S'asseoir, . 


209 


Chien, 






116 


Lumifere, 








138 


Sel, . 


■ • '^l 


Ciel, . 






154 


Lune, 








141 


Se mouvoir, 


206 


Cinq, 






37 












Sept, 


39 


Cinquante, 






46 


Main, 








129 


Serpent, . 


155 


Cochon, . 






131 


Maintenan 


t, 






84 


Se taire, . 


208 


Combien, . 






77 


Maison, 








134 


Se tenir debout. 


212 


Comme, 






69 


Manger, 








199 


S'^veiller, . 


19s 


Comment, 






76 


Mauvaise, 








167 


Sien, 


• • 56 


Comprendre, 






217 


Mfere, 








143 


Singe, 


140 


Corbean, . 






114 


Mien, 








54 


Six, . 


38 


Come, 






132 


Mince, 








192 


Soif, . 


159 


Courir, 






207 


Montague, 








144 


Soleil, 


. . 158 


Court, 






i8s 


Mosquite, 








142 


Sur, . 


86 


Crochu, . 






171 


Mouvoir, 








206 






Cru, . 






180 


MOr,. 








182 


Tenir debout. 


212 


De, . . , 






74 


Ne (non), 






83 


Terre, 
T^te, 


118 

130 


De, . . . 






85 


Neuf, 








41 


Tien, 


SS 


Dedans, 






too 


Noir, 








169 


Tigre, 
Trente, 


160 


Dehors, . 






88 


Nom, 








146 


44 


Demain, 






95 


Notre, 








57 


Trois, 
Tu, . 


35 


Dent, 






161 


Nous, 








5' 


49 


Deux, 
Dire, 






34 
316 


Nuit, 
Nul (non). 






147 
82 


Tuer, 


203 


Donner, 

Dormir, 

Doux, 

Droit, 

Du, . . . 






200 

3IO 

190 

189 

43 


Oeil, 
Oeuf, 
Oiseau, 
OreiUe, , 
Os, . 








121 
119 
107 

"7 
no 


UN, . 

Vache, 

Vcnir, 

Vert, . . 


33 

113 

197 

. . 176 


Eau, 






164 


Oter, 








aiS 


Village, . 


. . 163 


Ecouter, . 






303 


Ou, . . 








87 


Vingt, . . 


43 


Elephant, . 






i»o 


Oil, . . 








97 


Votre, 


58 


Entree 






?I 


Om,. * . 


'. 






102 


Vousj 


52 



Digitized by 



Google 



ACHT, 

Affe, 
Ameise, 
Auf, . 
Auge, 
Aussen, 

Baum, 

Bein, 

Berg, 

Bewegen, 

Bitter, 

Blatt, 

Blut,. 

Blume, 

Boot, 

Bringen, 

Buflfel, 

Da, 

Dann, 

Dein, 

Dick, 

Dieser, 

Dorf, 

Drei, 

Dreissig, 

Du, . 

Dunn, 

Durch (von), 

Durst, 

Ei, . 

Ein, . 

Eisen, 

Elephant, 

Er, . 

Erde, 

Erheben, 

Essen, 

Etwas, 

Euer, 

Fern (weit), 

Feuer, 

Fisch, 

Fluss, 

Fiinf, 

Fiinfzig, 

Fuss, 

Geben, 

Gehen, 

Gekriimmt, 

Gerade, 

Gestem, 

Gross, 

Grun, 

Gut, . 

Haar, 

Hand, 

Hasslich, 

Haus, 

Haut, 

Heiss, 

Heute, 

Hier, 

Horen, 

Horn, 



40 
140 

86 

121 

88 

162 
no 

144 
206 
168 

137 
108 

125 
109 
196 
III 

91 
90 

55 

172 

60 

163 

35 

44 

49 

192 

72 
159 

119 

33 
136 
120 

50 
118 

205 

199 

66 

58 

73 
123 
124 
150 
37 
46 
126 

200 
201 

171 
189 

103 
175 
176 

174 

128 
129 
193 
134 
153 
178 

94 

75 

202 

132 



GERMAN 



Hund, 

Hundert, 

Hunger, 

ICH, . 

Ihr, . 
Ihr, . 
In, . 
Innerhalb, 

JA, . 

Jemand, 

Jener, 

Jetzt, 

Kalt, 

Katze, 

Klein, 

Klein, 

Kommen, 

Kopf, 

Krahe, 

Kuh, 

Kurz, 

Lachen, 

Lang, 

Lang, 

Licht, 

Luft, 

Luftraum, 

Mein, 

Mensch, 

Mit, . 

Mond, 

Morgen, 

Moskito, 

Miidigkeit, 

Mund, 

Mutter, 

Nacht, 

Nahe, 

Name, 

Nehmen, 

Nein, 

Neun, 

Nicht, 

Oder, 
Gel, . 
Ohne, 
Ohr, . 

Pfeil, 
Pferd, 
Pisang, 
Piatt, 

Reif, 

Rennen, 

Roh, 

Roth, 

Rund, 

Sagen, 

Salz, 

Sauer, 

Schlafen, 

Schlagen, 



INDEX. 




PAGE 




116 


Schlange, . 




47 


Schlecht, . 




135 


Schon, 
Schwarz, . 




48 


Schweigen, 




52 


Schwein, . 




59 


Sechs, 




78 


Sein, . 




100 


Sich bewegen, 




102 


Sich setzen, 




65 
61 


Sie, . 
Sieben, 




84 


So, . . 
So, . . 




170 


Sonne, 




112 


Sprechen, . 




184 


Stehen, 




186 


Stein, 




197 


Stem, 




130 


Strasse, 




114 


Siiss, 




"3 






185 


Tag, 
Tiger, . 




204 


Todten, . 




179 


Trinken, . 




191 






138 


LTber, 




104 


Und (auch). 




154 


Unser, 
Unter, 




54 






139 


Vater, 




99 


Verstehen, 




141 


Viel, 




95 


Vier, 




142 
165 


Viereckig, 




Vierzig, . 




145 


Vogel, . 




143 


Von, 




147 

81 

146 

214 

82 


Von, 




Wachen, . 
Wann, . 
Warum, . 




41 
83 


Was, 




Wasser, 




Wegnehmen, 




87 


Weinen, . 




148 


Weiss, 




lOI 


Welcher, . 




117 


Wenig, . 
Wer,. 




106 


Wie, . 




133 


Wie, . 




149 


Wie viel, . 




173 


Wir, . 




182 


Wo,. . 




207 
180 


Yamwurzel, 




181 
183 


Zahn, 
Zehn, 




216 


Ziege, 




152 


Zu (nach), 




187 


Zwanzig, . 




210 


Zwei, 




213 


Zwischen, . 



«55 
167 

177 

169 

208 

131 

38 

56 

206 

209 

53 

39 

89 

92 

158 

211 

212 

IS7 
156 
151 
190 

"5 
160 

203 

198 

67 
68 

57 
79 

122 

217 

80 

36 
188 

45 
107 

74 

85 

195 
96 
98 

64 
164 

215 
218 

194 
62 

79 
63 
69 
76 

77 
51 
97 

166 

161 

42 
127 
93 
43 
34 
7' 



Digitized by VjOOQ IC 











RUSSIAN 


INDEX. 










PAGE 


PACE 


PAGE 


£631, . . . . lOI 


Haiff, .... 146 


IlTHaa, . 107 


BoTb, 






213 


Hxi, 






59 


naib, 






37 


ElHSKO, . 

EyHBOJi, 

EijblH, . 






81 
III 
1Q4. 


KaiTb, 
KasieHL, . 






69,76 
157 


IlflTb^eCflTb, 

Pa3CKa3biBaTb, 






46 
216 


E^KaTb, . 






^ 1 

207 


KHCJblH, . 

Kor^a, 






187 
96 


PoBHblii, . 

Pon., 






173 
132 


Bami, 






58 


Koaeji, . 






127 


POTb, 






145 


BejHKiH, . 






175 


KojKa, 






153 


PyKa, . 






129 


B3flTb, 






214 


KoMapi, . 






142 


Pbi6a, 






124 


Bhhsv, . 






70 


KopoBa, . 






"3 


PfeKa, 






150 


BHjrpH, . 






■ 100 


KoCTb, 






170 










Bh*, 






88 


KoTOpbTD, 






62 


Ca^HTbCH, 






209 


Bo4a, 






164 


KoTb, 






112 


CBHHbfl, . 






131 


Bo34yxi, 






104 


KpacHBbiu, 






178 


Cfitrb, . 






138 


Boiocb, . 






128 


KpacHbiH, 






181 


CeroAHfl, . 






94 


BopoHa, . 






"4 


KpaTKiii, 






179 


CCMb, 






39 


BoceMb, . 
Bcraib, . 






40 
212 


KpHBOH, . 
KpOBb, . 






171 
108 


CKOJbKO, . 

CiaAKiu, . 






77 
190 


Bqepa, . 






103 


KpOTKiH, . 






184 


Cjohi, . 






120 


Bbi, . 






52 


KpyrjbiH, 






183 


Giymaib, 






202 


BbicoKifi, . 


• 




191 


Kto, 






63.64 


CMigTbca, 






204 


Bi, 






78 


KtO HHSVAb. 






6S 
93 


CoOana, . 
CoiHqe, . 






116 
158 


14*, 






97 










Cojb, 






152 


riaai, 






121 


.iHCTb, . 






137 


CopoKT,, . 






45 


TOBOpHTb, 






211 


Jo4Ka, . 






109 


Cnaib, . 






210 


TojOBa, . 






130 


.loma^b, . 






133 


Cto, 






47 


Toioxh, . 






135 


•lyna, 






141 


CTplia, . 






106 


ropa, . 






144 










CbipOH, . 






180 


TopbRlH, . 

TopflMift, . 

m 






168 
177 


Majo, 
MajbiH, . 
Macjo, 






79 
186 
148 


Tairb, 






99 
• 89,92 


4a, 






102 


Maib, 






143 


Tairb, . 






91 


4ajeK0, . 






73 


Me3K4y, . 






71 


Tboh, 






55 


4aTb, . 






200 


Mnoro, . 






80 


Tenepb, . 






84 


4Ba, 

4Ba4aaTb, 
4eBaTb, . 
4eHb, 






34 

43 

41 

115 


MojHaib, 

MOH, 

MypaBCH, 
Mbi, 






208 

54 

105 

51 


Terpi, 
Tor^a, . 

TODKiH, . 
TOTb, 






160 

• 90 

192 

61 


4epeBHH, 
4epeB0, . 
4eciTb, . 






163 

162 

42 


Ha, 

Ha4i, . 






86 
67 


TpH, 

TpH4uaTb, 

Tm 






35 
44 
49 


4o6pbifi, . 






174 


Harai, 






S7 


IW, 






4airifi, . 






179 


He6o, 






154 


ysHTb, . 






203 


40111, . 






134 


Hora, 






126 


yHOCHTb, . 






215 


4opora, . 






151 


HOHb, 






147 


ycraiOCTb, 






165 


4ypHofi, . 




167, 193 


HtTb, 






82 


yxo, 






117 


Ero, 




56 


06e3bflHa, 






140 


X04HTb, . 






206 


XbuMa, . 






159 


OroHb, 






123 


Xai04BbiH, 






170 


Xeifeo, . 
Kipobift, 

3aBTpa, . 
3Bfe4a, 

34tCB, . 
3ei6Bblfl, 






136 
172 

^1 
156 

n 
176 
118 


04HHI, . 

Ohh, 
Offb, 
Otb, 
Oten% . 






33 

53 

50 

■ 74.85 

122 


qBtTb, . 
^eJOB^KTi, 

^epHbiH, . 
IcTbipe, . 






125 

139 

169 

36 






Dm, 






198 


^erbipeyroiHbil 


i, 




188 


3eua, . 






DLiaKaTb, 






218 


Ito M6y4b, 






66 


3idfl, . 






15s 


n04HflMaTb, 






20s 


mecTB, . 






38 


a^iitul, . 






182 


noHmaTb, 


* 




217 











^fa» 






161 


noHCiiy, . 
UpiAn, . 






98 


'bcth, 






199 








68 
201 








ffibio, . 






48 
119 


Wa, . 






97 


Iqini^. 






ilj 


vvon^ 






60 



^>ftyl .j!irtiigs;.j: 



\-.,'\i igi' ■ l-i, m£\ 




"DigitEed by VjOOQ IC 



LATIN INDEX. 



// 









PAGE 1 


AB(de), .... 74 1 


Acerbus, . 






187 


Ad, . 






93 


-ae (-as), -is, etc. 






85 


Aer, . 






104 


Albus, 






194 


Aliquid, . 






66 


Aliquis, 






65 


Amarus, . 






168 


Aqua, 






164 


Arbor, 






162 


Ater, . 






169 


Audire, 






202 


Auferre, 






215 


Auris, 






. ^ 117 


Aut, . 






87 


Avis,. 






107 


BiBERE, 






198 


Bonus, 






174 


Bos, . 






III 


Calidus, . 






178 


Canis, 






116 


Caper, 






127 


Capere, 






214 


Caput, 






130 


Centura, . 






47 


Coelum, 






154 


Considere, 






209 


Comix, 






114 


Comu, 






132 


Cras, 






95 


Crinis, 






128 


Crudus, 






180 


Culex pipiens, 






142 


Cum, 






99 


Cur, . 






98 


Currere, 






207 


Curtus, 






185 


Curvus, 






171 


Cutis, 






153 


Dare, 






200 


Decern, 






42 


Deformis, . 






193 


Deus, 






161 


Dicere, 






216 


Dies, 






"S 


Dioscorea, 






J 66 


Domus, 






134 


Dormire, . 






210 


Dulcis, 






190 


Duo, 






34 


Edere, 






199 


Ego,. 






48 


Elephas, . 






120 


Equus, 






133 


Et, . . 






68 


Expergisci, 






195 


Extra, 






88 


Fames, 






135 


Felis, 






112 


Ferre, 






196 


Ferrum, . 






136 


Flos, . 






1 



Flumen, 
Folium, 
Formica, 
Frigidus, 

Grandis, 

Heri, 
Hie, . 
Hie, . 
Hodie, 
Homo, 

Ignis, 
Ille, . 
lUe, . 
Illi, . 
lUic, . 
In, . 
Intelligere, 
Inter, 
Intra, 
Ire, . 
Ita, . 
Ita, . 

Lacrimare, 

Lapis, 

Lassitudo, 

Longe, 

Longus, 

Loqui, 

Luna, 

Lux, . 

Macer, 

Malus, 

Manus, 

Mater, 

Maturus, 

Meus, 

Mons, 

Movere, 

Multum, 

Navis, 

Ne (non), 

Necare, 

Nomen, 

Non, . 

Nos, . 

Noster, 

Novem, 

Nox, . 

Nunc, 

OCTO, 

Oculus, 
Oleum, 
Os, . 
Os, . 
Ovum, 

Parvus, 
Parvus, 
Pater, 
Paulum, 
Per, . 
Pes, . 



150 
'37 
105 
170 

175 

103 
60 

75 

94 

139 

123 

50 
61 

53 

91 

78 

217 

71 
100 
201 

89 

102 

218 
157 
165 
73 
179 
211 
141 
138 

192 
167 
129 

M3 
182 

54 
144 
206 

80 
109 

83 

203 

146 

82 

51 

57 

41 

M7 

84 

40 
121 
148 

145 
no 
119 

184 
186 
122 

79 

72 

126 



Pinguis, 

Piscis, 

Plantago, 

Planus, 

Procerus, 

Prope, 

Pulcher, 

Pulsare, 

QUADRAGINTA, 

Quadratus, 

Quantum, 

Quatuor, 

Qui (quod), 

Qui,. 

Quid, 

Quinquaginta, 

Quinque, 

Quis, 

Quum, 

Rectus, 
Ridere, 
Rotundus, 
Rufus, 

Sagitta, 

Sal, . 

Sanguis, 

Septem, 

Serpens, 

Sex, . 

Sic, . 

Simia, 

Sine, . 

Sitis, . 

Sol, . 

Stare, 

Stella, 

Subter, 

Super, 

Super, 

Sus, . 

Suus, 

Suus, 

Tacere, 

Terra, 

Tigris, 

ToUere, 

Tres, 

Triginta, 

Tu, . 

Tunc, 

Tuus, 

Ubi, . 
Unus, 
Ut, . 

Vacca (bos), 

Venire, 

Vester, 

Via, . 

Vicus, 

Viginti, 

Viridis, 

Vos,. 



PACE 

T49 

I9J 
81 

45 
188 

77 
36 
62 

76 
64 
46 
37 
63 
96 

189 

204 
183 
181 

106 

108 
39 

155 
S^ 
92 

140 

lOI 

159 
158 
212 

156 
70 

67 

86 

131 

56 

59 

208 

118 

160 

205 

35 

45 

49 

90 

55 

97 
33 
69 

"3 
197 

58 
i5» 
163 

43 
176 

52 



Digitized by VjOOQ IC 



Digitized by VjOOQ IC