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HARVARD
COLLEGE
LI B RARY

', ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN ORGANIZATIONS

IN THE UNITED STATES

3 PART 1

HEARINGS

BEFORE THE

COMMITTEE ON UN-AMEEICAN ACTIVITIES
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

EIGHTY-NINTH CONGKESS

FIRST SESSION

OCTOBER 19, 20, 21, 22, AND 25, 1965
(INDEX IN SEPARATE VOLUME)

Printed for the use of the
Committee on Un-American Activities

HARVARD coar''^

DEPOSITED Br l!';
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT

JUN 8 \9Qr

.1^

CONTENTS

October 19, 1965: Testimony of — Page

Donald T. Appell.I 1528

Philip R. Manuel 1545

Donald T. Appell (resumed) 1596

Afternoon session:

Robert Marvin Shelton 1600

Carol Long 1623

Betty L. Shelton 1627

Philip L. Schmitz . _ 1629

October 20, 1965: Testimony of—

Robert Marvin Shelton (resumed) 1639

Afternoon session:

Philip R. Manuel (resumed) 1692

James Robertson Jones 1700

October 21, 1965: Testimony of—

James Robertson Jones (resumed) 1731

Afternoon session:

James Robertson Jones (resumed) 1764

Marshall Robert Kornegay 1790

October 22, 1965: Testimony of— "

John (Jack) Hammond Crum 1819

Joseph G. DuBois 1829

Afternoon session:

Joseph G. DuBois (resumed) 1838

Roy Woodle 1844

Boyd Lee Hamby, Sr 1864

James Huey (Sonny) Fisher 1869

William Richard Walston 1877

Wayne Day vault 1883

Donald Edmund Leazer 1888

October 25, 1965: Testimony of—

Arthur C. Leonard ._ 1898

Richard Joseph Constantineau 1915

Afternoon session:

Fred L. Wilson 1925

Grady Burdell Mars 1945

Index in separate volume

III

Public Law 601, 79th Congress

The legislation under which the House Committee on Un-Amer-
ican Activities operates is Public Law 601, 79th Congress [1946] ; 60
Stat. 812, w^hich provides :

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States
of America in Congress assembled, * * *

PART 2— RULES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

Rule X

SEC. 121. STANDING COMMITTEES

« «: 4: « * * *

17. Committee on Un-American Activities, to consist of nine Members.

Rule XI

POWERS AND DUTIES OF COMMITTEa;S

(q) (1) Committee on Un-American Activities.

(A) Un-American activities.

(2) The Committee on Un-American Activities, as a whole or by subcom-
mittee, is authorized to make from time to time investigations of (i) the extent,
character, and objects of un-American propaganda activities in the United States,
(ii) the diffusion within the United States of subversive and un-American propa-
ganda that is instigated from foreign countries or of a domestic origin and at-
taclcs the principle of the form of government as guaranteed by our Constitution,
and (iii) all other questions in relation thereto that would aid Congress in any
necessary remedial legislation.

The Committee on Un-American Activities shall report to the House (or to
the Clerk of the House if the House is not in session) the results of any such
investigation, together with such recommendations as it deems advisable.

For the purpose of any such investigation, the Committee on Un-American
Activities, or any subcommittee thereof, is authorized to sit and act at such
times and places within the United States, whether or not the House is sitting,
has recessed, or has adjourned, to hold such hearings, to require the attendance
of such witnesses and the production of such books, papers, and documents, and
to take such testimony, as it deems necessary. Subpenas may be issued under
the signature of the chairman of the committee or any subcommittee, or by any
member designated by any such chairman, and may be served by any person
designated by any such chairman or member.

Rule XII

LEGISLATIVE OVERSIGHT BY STANDING COMMITTEES

Sec. 136. To assist the Congress in appraising the administration of the laws
and in developing such amendments or related legislation as it may deem neces-
sary, each standing committee of the Senate and the House of Representatives
shall exercise continuous watchfulness of the execution by the administrative
agencies concerned of any laws, the subject matter of which is within the juris-
diction of such committee ; and, for that purpose, shall study all pertinent reports
and data submitted to the Congress by the agencies in the executive branch of
the Government.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN ORGANIZATIONS
IN THE UNITED STATES

Part 1

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 19, 1965

United States House of Representatives,

Subcommittee of the
Committee on Un-American Activities,

Washington^ D.G.

PUBLIC HEARINGS

A subcommittee of the Committee on Un-American Activities met,
pursuant to call, at 10 a.m. in the Caucus Room, Camion House Office
Building, Washington, D.C., Hon. Edwin E. Willis (chairman) pre-
siding.

(Subcommittee member: Representatives Edwin E. Willis, of
Louisiana, chairman; Joe R. Pool, of Texas; Charles L. Weltner, of
Georgia; John M. Ashbrook, of Ohio; and John H. Buchanan, Jr.,
of Alabama.)

Subcommittee members present : Representatives Willis, Pool, Welt-
ner, Ashbrook, and Buchanan,

Committee member also present : Representative George F. Senner,
Jr., of Arizona.

Staff members present: Francis J. McNamara, director; William
Hitz, general counsel ; Alfred M. Nittle, counsel ; Donald T. Appell,
chief investigator; and Philip R. Manuel, investigator.

The Chairman. The subcommittee will come to order.

Under the rules of the House, the Chair is required to make an
opening statement, and I now proceed to make it.

The regular members of the subcommittee are myself, as chairman,
Mr. Pool of Texas, Mr. Weltner of Georgia, the ranking minority or
Republican member, Mr. Ashbrook of Ohio, and Mr. Buchanan of
Alabama.

We are very pleased, however, to have with us a member of the
full committee, Mr. Senner. I would hope as we go along that other
members of the full committee might be able to attend for as long as
they desire.

Now for the opening statement.

This subcommittee of the House Committee on Un-American Ac-
tivities is convened to hold hearings pursuant to a resolution unani-
mously adopted by the full committee on March 30, 1965. That reso-
lution reads as follows :

WHEREAS, at the commencement of the 89th Congress the Chairman in-
structed the staff to commence a preliminary inquiry into the activities of the

1523

1524 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United States to assist the Committee in
determining whether it should authorize an investigation of the Klan organiza-
tions; and

WHEREAS, the Committee on February 2, 1965, by resolution, unanimously
directed the Chairman to continue the preliminary inquiry ; and

WHEREAS, the Chairman has today made a report to the Committee on the
results of this preliminary inquiry, which reix>rt clearly indicates that the nature
and scope of the Klan organizations' activities are such that the Committee
should authorize an investigation ; and

WHEREAS, the President's recent public api>eal also demonstrates that such
an investigation is justified and necessary ; and

WHEREAS, the President has offered the full cooperation of the Executive
Branch of the Government in such an investigation ; now therefore,

BE IT RESOLVED, that the Committee undertake an investigation of the
various Klan organizations and their activities with the view of holding hearings
for the purpose of aiding Congress in any necessary remedial legislation ; and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that inasmuch as the appropriation for the
Committee's work for this session is not sufficient to enable it to undertake this
investigation in addition to other investigations already approved and under
way, the Chairman is directed to request a supplemental appropriation of $50,000
to conduct an investigation of Ku Klux Klan organizations ; and

BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Chairman is directed to continue
the preliminary inquiry into the activities of the Black Muslims, the Minutemen
and the American Nazi Party previously authorized by the Committee, for the
purpose of determining whether an investigation of these groups is called for.

As this resolution indicates, the committee's decision to midertake
an investigation of Ku Klux Klan organizations in this comitry was
made only after careful consideration and on the basis of certain
infonnation concerning Klan activities then in its possession. Late
last year, the committee discussed the growing activities of the Ku
Klux Klans and a suggestion was made by Mr. Pool tliat an investiga-
tion be considered.

Before any formal investigation is authorized by the committee,
it is usual to make a preliminary inquiry. The staff was, therefore,
directed to do so in this instance. Other Members of Congress
subsequently expressed themselves on the subject, particularly Mr.
Weltner, who called the matter to tlie attention of our colleagues on
the floor of the House.

At its organizational meeting on February 2 of this year, the
committee unanimously authorized the continuance of this prelimi-
nary inquir}\ Thereafter, the staff reported to the committee from
time to time and, on March 30, the conmiittee voted unanimously
that a formal investigation be undertaken for the purpose of holding
hearings which would assist the Congress in drafting such remedial
legislation as it deemed appropriate and necessary to deal with the
problems created by Klan activities.

On April 14 of this year, the House of Representatives, by a vote of
312 to 43, adopted House Resolution 310, authorizing the expenditure
of $50,000 for the committee's investigation of Ku Klux Klan
organizations.

What must Congress know to detennine whether legislation is
called for in this area and, if so, what type legislation will be effective?

It must know the objectives and purposes of the Ku Klux Klans,
their structure and organizations, their affiliated organizations, and
groups created or controlled by them or organized to support, defend,
and assist them. The Congress must know their constitutions and
bylaws, the type of activities in which they engage, how they are con-
trolled, who their key officers are, how Klan groups are financed, and
what their funds are used for. It must Imow wdiether the Klans sub-

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1525

scribe to — and use — illegal means to achieve either declared or con-
cealed objectives. The Congress must Imow whether the operations
and actions directed and carried out by Klan leaders and certain
members are in accord with the wishes of the membership as a whole,
or whether certain activities are engaged in without the knowledge
and approval of the membership. It must know whether Klan
recruits are infonned of the true nature and purposes of the Klans —
or whether they are hoodwinked into joining them. It must also
know, of course, something of the size, strength, and scope of the
Klan movement. These are the matters which are the subject of
this inquiry.

At the time the committee decision to conduct this inquiry was an-
nounced, certain Klan leaders stated publicly that the}^ welcomed the
investigation. Those statements were encouraging, if true. It is
the committee's hope that they really meant them.

The investigative work done by the committee preparatory to these
hearings, in my belief, has been thorough. It is my intention that
these hearings will be fair in every respect. For this reason, Klan
leaders and members will have nothing to fear or lose by cooperating
fully with the committee by telling all, and everything, they know
about Klan operations. They have nothing to fear or lose, that is, if
they have nothing to hide — nothing to hide from the Congress, noth-
ing to hide from the American people, and nothing to hide from the
rank-and-file Klan membership.

I would point out to all witnesses summoned to testify in this
inquiry that it is being conducted by a duly and lawfully constituted
committee of the House of Representatives of the United States Con-
gress, the lawmaking branch of our Government, and that the courts
have held, over and over again, that every American citizen has a
duty to answer all pertment questions asked him in such an inquiry.

The Supreme Court in a 1957 decision growing out of another
inquiry by this committee reiterated a fundamental principle of our
Government when it stated :

The power of Congress to conduct investigations is inherent in the legislative
process.

It then went on to say :

It is unquestionably the duty of all citizens to cooperate with the Congress in
its efforts to obtain the facts needed for intelligent legislative action. It is their
unremitting oiligation to respond to subpoenas, to respect the dignity of the Con-
gress and its committees and to testify fully with resi)ect to matters within the
province of proper investigation. {U.S. v. Watkins, 3.54 U.S. 178.) [Emphasis
added.]

That this was not a new or novel holding by the Court is indicated
by many much earlier rulings of similar nature and, for example, by a
relatively recent report of a special committee of the American Bar
Association which in 1953 — without evoking any protest — stated that :

Every citizen, when called as a witness, has the duty to disclose any facts
within his knowledge sought by a court or by a duly constituted legislative
committee.

Generally, the committee recognizes only one valid reason for a
witness' refusal to answer pertinent questions — the invocation of the
fifth amendment, a statement by the witness that it is his belief that
an honest answer to the question might lead to his being prosecuted
for a criminal act.

1526 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The various Klan organizations operating in this country today
proclaim that they are patriotic, lOO percent Americans, Christian,
moral, and law abiding. I hope, therefore, that we will not, in these
hearings, experience what we have so often seen in practically all of
our investigations in other areas of the committee's jurisdiction —
witness after witness finding it necessary, or feeling the need, to invoke
the fifth amendment, again and again, when asked, not about his
beliefs, but about his actions.

All witnesses, as I have said — and I stress this — will have the right
to make proper invocation of the fifth amendment in this inquiry.
The American people, however, are not likely to look with favor on
such recourse by persons who proclaim from the rooftops that they
are saviors of America and patriots second to none. The public
cannot be expected to approve such action in these hearings any more
than it has in other inquiries in which witnesses have taken refuge in
constitutional provisions even while conspiring to destroy the Con-
stitution.

And talking about conspiracy, I would add this point: There are
various kinds of conspiracy, in addition to that which is aimed at the
destruction of our Government, and all kinds are outlawed. As
Justice Robert H. Jackson stated in his concurring opinion in the
case of Dennis versus United States : "The Constitution does not make
conspiracy a civil right."

In his concurring opinion in another case, that of American Com-
munications Association versus Douds. Justice Jackson pointed out
that :

The conspiracy principle has traditionally been employed to protect society
against all "ganging up" or concerted action in violation of its laws. No term
passes that this Court does not sustain convictions based on that doctrine for
violations of the antitrust laws or other statutes. * * * {A.C.A. v. Douds,
339 U.S. 382.)

Conspiracy to take a man's life, to injure him, or to deny certain
groups of people their rights is no more protected by the Constitution
than is conspiracy to destroy our Government. Conspiracy, in and of
itself, is so inimical to ordered society that there is a broad Federal
statute which makes it a crime to conspire to commit any offense
against the United States. (Title 18, U.S.C, sec. 371.)

And there is a third, specific kind of conspiracy I must mention
here — the secret ganging up of any group to punish or hann a person
in any way because that person has, in line with his duties as a citizen,
testified before a congressional committee, giving the coirunittee the
kind of information the Congress must have to enact laws for the
general welfare.

That kind of conspiracy, like all other forms, is outlawed. In fact,
influencing or injuring witnesses is so destructive of the American way
of life, eating away at its legislative foundation, that it is a criminal act
even when there is no conspiracy involved in it. The very act of
hamiing, or of attempting to harm, influence, or intimidate, a sub-
penaed witness to keep him from talking or of injuring or threatening
a witness because he has cooperated with the Congress by giving
testimony is punishable by 5 years in prison and/or a fine of $5,000.

And I want to state for the record, here and now, that no one had
better attempt to violate this law in regard to any witness under
subpena to testify in this inquiry. If anyone does, then just as cer-

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1527

tainly as I am sitting here today, I will do all in my power to see that
the guilty party, or j)arties, are punished according to the law, and I
know that all other members of the conmiittee feel the same way about
it because we have discussed it many times.

Being infonned, as they are, of the facts developed to date in this
investigation, the subcommittee members have quite naturally formed
certain tentative opinions of some Klan groups and their leaders.
However, we are not going to prejudge the issue. These facts have
raised questions in our minds, but in any himian undertaking there
can be error, and it is also possible that there might be some explana-
tion for certain of the facts we have micovered. That is one reason
why this public hearing is being held — to test the accuracy of our in-
vestigative effort and to give the persons concerned an opportunity
to answer the questions that have been raised in our minds — to deny, to
qualify, to confirm, to explain.

This is as it should be. Congress cannot legislate on the basis of
investigation alone. It should, and must, test the results of its
investigations, except when national security precludes it, in public
hearings. This is what we have done in the past ; it is what we will do
in the future. This is in conformity with the rules of the House and
with court decisions. We are engaged in the business of the people
of the United States, and they have a right to be able to see and judge
for themselves how that business is being conducted.

Let me remind all that this is an inquiry, not a prosecution. We
are an investigating committee. We are charged with the duty of
developing facts about the Klans and making them a part of a public
record, not to convict anyone of anything, but for the purpose of
assisting the Congress in the performance of its legislative function.

In conclusion, let me urge all witnesses summoned to testify in these
hearings to testify fully and honestly, without evasion or subterfuge
and without fear. This is your duty. If you truly have the national
interest at heart, this is what you will do. By way of both encourage-
ment and warning, I want to say that this is a country of law, that it
is strong and secure ; and that no individuals, groups, or conspiracies
within its borders can, or will, prevail against its laws.

I now offer for inclusion in the record the July 19, 1965, order of
appointment of the subcommittee to conduct these hearings.

That order reads as follows, that order of mine as chairman,
addressed to Mr. McNamara, the director of the committee:

Pursuant to the provisions of the law and the Rules of this Committee, I
hereby appoint a subcommittee of the Committee on Un-American Activities,
consisting of Honorable .Joe R. Pool, Honorable Charles L. Weltner, Honorable
John M. Ashbrook, and Honorable John H. Buchanan, Jr., as associate members,
and myself, as Chairman, to conduct hearings in Washington, D.C., commencing
on or about Tuesday, July 20, 1965, and/or at such other times thereafter and
places as said subcommittee shall determine, as contemplated by the resolution
adopted by the Committee on the 30th day of March, 1965, authorizing hearings
concerning the activities of the various Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United
States.

Please make this action a matter of Committee record.

If any member indicates his inability to serve, please notify me.

Given under my hand this 19th day of July, 1965.

/s/ Edwin E. Willis
Edwin E. Willis
Chairman, Co)nmittee on Un-American Activities.

1528 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(At this poiijt Representative Ichord entered the hearing room.)

The Chairman. I am pleased to announce that another member
of the full committee, Mr. Ichord, of Missouri, has arrived.

If there are any members of the House present, and I recognize
at least one, Mrs. Kelly of New York, it would be a pleasure to have
them take a seat with us. Come on, Edna.

I don't expect any, but there cannot be demonstrations in the
audience, either in approval or disapproval of the conduct of these
hearings. We must maintain decorum, and that is consistent with
the rules of the House.

I have already announced that under the rules of the House, even
the radio and TV people are under certain limitations. They respect
that. They would like to be inside, but that is the rule of the House
that I am carrying out.

I will read another rule of the House after a while concerning the
functions of attorneys appearing for witnesses before the committee.
That is another rule of the House that will be observed and en-
forced.

I would like to say this preliminary to calling our first witness : In
the course of these hearings, it will be necessary, because of the nature
of the groups we are investigating, to make frequent use of terms
which, although familiar to the witnesses, will be completely foreign
to Members of Congress, the public, and the press, on which the
public must rely for information about these hearmgs. The sub-
committee has, therefore, decided that before the first Klan witness
is called, in order to assist in better understanding of the matters that
will be developed and referred to in this inquiry, certain background
information concerning the Klans, their structure, titles, and termi-
nology should be placed in the record. For that purpose, I ask that
Mr. Donald T. Appell be sworn.

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give
will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help
you God ?

Mr. Appell. I do, sir.

TESTIMONY OF DONALD T. APPELL

The Chairman. Mr. Appell, you are the chief investigator of
this committee ; are you not ?

Mr. Appell. I am, sir.

The Chairman. How long have you been employed in this in-
vestigative work for the committee ?

Mr. Appell. I have been with the committee since January of
1947.

The Chairman. And your duties stretch as far back as the Alger
Hiss-Whittaker Chambers episode ?

Mr. Appell, That is correct.

The Chairman. Mr. Appell, you were assigned, were you not, to
supervise the investigative phase of the committee's inquiry into the
Klans ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir; from the preliminary stage starting the end
of last year, and from an active investigative phase from March of
this year, sir.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1529

The Chairman. Would you give us a brief history of the Klan
movement in the United States, just enough, Mr. Appell, to provide
the essential background for the hearings, the type of information
that, although there are many books and treatises written on the
subject, the type of background that there appears to be no dispute
about?

Mr. Appell. Yes.

The CHAiRMAisr. Will you proceed to do that ?

Mr. Appell. As you said, Mr. Chairman, many books have been
written on the history of the Klan movement ; but, briefly, we would
like to point out that the first Ku Klux Klan was formed in Pulaski,
Tennessee, in December of 1865. It grew rapidly and its "dens,"
as the local clubs were then called, spread throughout and beyond
the borders of Tennessee. In 1867 a conference attended by repre-
sentatives of these dens collected together in a convention that was
held in Nashville, Tennessee. A constitution was formally adopted
and Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest was chosen the
Grand Wizard, or leader, of the Ku Klux Klan.

Whatever may have been the original purpose in the formation
of the first Ku Klux Klan, the organization was soon engaging in
acts of violence. General Forrest officially disbanded his Ku Klux
Klan in January 1869. Klan groups, however, continued to operate,
and their lawlessness grew" to such proportions that on March 23,
1871, President Grant sent the following message to the Congress:

A condition of affairs now exists in some of the States of the Union render-
ing life and property insecure, and the carrying of the mails and the collection
of the revenue dangerous. The proof that such a condition of affairs exists in
some localities is now before the Senate. That the power to correct these
evils is beyond the control of State authorities, I do not doubt ; that the
power of the Executive of the United States, acting within the limits of
existing laws, is sufiBcient for present emergencies is not clear. * * *

He also recommended that legislation be enacted, and a joint con-
gressional committee was formed. From April to .September of 1871,
hearings were held relating to the lawless conduct of "The Ku-Klux
[Klan] Conspiracy" in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia,
Alabama, and Mississippi. On April 20, 1871, the President ap-
proved, and I shall quote, "An act to enforce the provisions of the
fourteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States, and
for other purposes."

It has been estimated that the post- Civil AVar Klan attained a peak
membership of about a half-million members.

The Klan was revived in 1915 by William Joseph Simmons, of
Atlanta, Georgia, and in the mid-1920's achieved its all-time mem-
bership peak which has been variously estimated as between 3 million
and 5 million members.

Exposes of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc., as the first 20th
century Klan was termed, were published by many newspapers in the
early 1920's, and the House Rules Committee held brief hearings on
it in 1921. In 1924, following widely publicized murder cases in which
Klansmen were involved, the membership again began to decline.

On August 18, 1940, not long before this country's entry into World
War II, Klansmen took part in a rally at the German-American
Bund's Camp Nordland, in the State of New Jersey. Tliis led to an
investigation by the Special Committee on Un-American Activities,
which held hearings on the Klan in 1940 and 1942.

1530 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Klan became dormant after America's entry into World "War
II and was fomnally dissolved in 1944, when the Internal Revenue
Bureau sued the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan for $685,000 in back
taxes.

Following World War II there was limited revival of the Klan,
led by the formation of Dr. Samuel Green's Association of Georgia
Klans in 1946. Other localized Klans sprang up in the late 1940's
and early 1950's. Klan strength has definitely been on the upswing
in the last few years, with some leaders talking about operations on
a nationwide scale.

The Chairman. Now, Mr. Appell, during the course of the last few
months you have informed the committee on a number of occasions
of the fear of the Klan which you and other investigators found in
certain areas while interviewing various persons in relation to this
inquiry.

Would you now summarize for the record what the investigative
staff observed in relation to this matter?

Mr. Appell. This will be a very brief summary, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. The committee wants it that way. We are just lay-
ing the foundation for a proper understanding of the conduct of this
inquiry.

Mr. Appell. In certain areas of the South, investigators found a
very real fear of the Klan existing among Klansmen themselves, ex-
Klansmen, victims of the Klan, and the general public. The investi-
gative staff encountered this fear time after time in interrogating, and
trying to interrogate, sources of information. It was a major obstacle
to the development of all the information we hoped to obtain — a very
real bar to cracking wide open the veil of secrecy that surrounds
many of the operations of the "Invisible Empire," as it is called,
of the Ku Klux Klans.

These people fear Klan harassment in the form of threatening let-
ters and telephone calls. They fear economic reprisals, cross-burn-
ings on their property, beatings, bombings, and, yes, even death.
Rightly or wrongly, they blame much of the violence of this type that
has taken place in the South in recent years on the Klans.

The oath taken by all Klan members, which we hope shortly to
make a part of the hearing record, contains a section on secrecy which
reads as follows, and this is Section II of the oath called Secrecy :

1 most solemly swear — that I will forever — keep sacredly secret — the signs,
words and grip — and any and all other — matters and knowledge — of the * * * * —

and here the particular Klan is supposed to be mentioned —

regarding which a most rigid secrecy — must be maintained — which may at any
time — be communicated to me — and will never — divulge same nor even cause
same to be divulged — to any person in the whole world — unless I know posi-
tively— that such person is a member of this Order — in good and regular stand-
ing— and not even then — unless it be — for the best interest of this Order.

In continuation :

I most sacredly vow — and most positively swear — that I will never yield to
bribe — flattery — threats — passion — punishment — persecution — pers^iasion — nor
any enticements Whatever — coming from or offered by — any person or persons —
male or female — for the purpose of — obtaining from me — a secret or secret in-
formation— of the * ♦ ♦ * —

and the particular Klan is to be named —

I will die rather than divulge same — so help me God —

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1531

Also, Mr. Chairman, under a series of oaths taken, with the title
of "Ishness,-' we find this additional oath of secrecy :

I swear that I will keep secure to myself — a secret of a [Klan]*smaii —
when same is committed to me — in the sacred bond of [Klan]*smanship — the
crime of violating THIS solemn oath — treason against the United States of
America — rape — and malicious murder — alone excepted.

Any member or former member of the Klan who reveals information
about Klan acti\'ities violates this oath, except for the saving clause.

For this reason, persons who are or have been members of the Klans
fear reprisals if they reveal information about Klan activities — re-
prisals not only against themselves, but much more, in many cases,
against their families — against their wives, their children, their sis-
ters, their brothers, even their parents and close relatives.

Some have said that they feel that they can take care of themselves,
or at least are willing to risk trying to do so, but they are naturally
concerned about others in their families. They have also pointed out
that, after revealing what they know about the Klans, they could
move to another area or State where they would be safely out of the
Klans' reach. The problem, however, is that other close relatives and
members of their families are not all in a position to do this, and they
fear Klan vengeance on them, even though they themselves w^ould
be safe.

It is difficult for a person who has never lived in an area where
certain Klans have been active to appreciate how strong and wide-
spread this fear is.

This fear, and in some cases actual terror, which the Klans have
succeeded in creating, not only makes it difficult to develop full in-
formation about the Klans, but is also a serious impediment to law
enforcement and, of course, a source of Klan strength and influence.

The Chairivian. NoW', Mr. Appell, quite a bit has been written on
the subject of Klan infiltration of law enforcement agencies. What
have you and other investigators found relative to this subject?

Mr. Appell. There is and lias been some infiltration of law en-
forcement agencies by the Klans. The experience of the committee's
investigative staff during the past 6 months, however, indicates that
without question the overwhelming majority of police and law en-
forcement officers in the South are neither Klan members nor sym-
pathetic to the Klans. On the whole, the committee investigators re-
ceived excellent cooperation from both State and local law enforce-
ment agencies. In most cases they did everything they could to
assist us.

There have been a few instances, however, in which w^e deliberately
avoided contacting law enforcement officers because our preliminary
investigation indicated either Klan sympathy or even, in some cases,
Klan membership. Mr. Chairman, I would like to point out one ex-
perience I had which, I think, illustrates this point.

Some months ago I covered a Klan rally that was held on the out-
skirts of a Southern town. I drove out on various roads leading from
the town without being able to locate the site of the rally. I returned
to the town and saw a policeman standing on the sidewalk talking to
the proprietor of a local store. I stopped my car, walked over to the
officer, and asked him if he could direct me to the site of the Klan rally.

He at first appeared uncertain, but then recalled the location and
gave me directions. I thanked him and returned to my car. No

1532 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

sooner had I shut the door than a hand came through the open wm-
dow on the driver's side. Following the arm to the body, I discovered
it belonged to the policeman I had left on the sidewalk and who must
have run to catch up to me. I grasped his hand, thinking he wanted
to introduce himself. Instead, he rotated my hand clockwise until it
was in a horizontal position. Fortunately, I had done a little research
and I recognized this as one of the official Klan handshakes, and I
rotated his hand in the opposite direction until it was parallel to the
ground.

Frankly, Mr. Chairman, I didn't know what to do next, but he took
me off the spot by stating that he sure would like to attend the rally,
but he was on duty and it was outside of his patrol area.

This experience, however, was an exception to the rule. I have
already read into the record the secrecy section of the Klan oath. The
wording of this oath indicates that if a law enforcement officer should
join the Klan and become a dedicated member of it, placing this oath
above all others, he would place himself in the position of not being
able to fully discharge his duties as a law enforcement officer.

Finally, I would make these points relative to the accusation made
by some that law enforcement agencies in the South have deliberately
failed to solve crimes of violence which, rightly or wrongly, have been
attributed to the Klans. First, Klansmen make use of citizens band
radios for communication among themselves. In addition, they have
equipment which enables them to intercept police radio calls. With
quick means of communication, hot rods, and bemg in a position to
know where police patrol cars are at a given time, they can judge
pretty well when and where they can commit an act of violence and
have time to make a getaway.

Second, of course, there is the fear that I have already referred to.
Because of this fear, a considerable period of time often elapses before
the police learn that an act of violence has been committed. We have
seen evidence of this — records which show that hours pass before local
police or sheriffs' departments receive word of the commission of a
crime. This is, of course, a very real obstacle to the apprehension of
guilty parties.

The Chairman. While on the subject of law enforcement and in-
vestigative agencies and their efforts to apprehend those guilty of
crimes of violence, I want, at this point, to take the opportunity to
pay tribute to an organization recognized by the overwhelming ma-
jority of Americans as a truly fine one. I am referring, of course, to
the FBI. During the past 6 months, the committee's investigators
have been reporting to me and to the committee regularly on what
they have found on their field trips.

On the basis of what they have told us — and we all know they have
spoken the truth — agents of the FBI are doing outstanding work in
areas where the Klans are operating. It is my conviction that if it
weren't for the dedication, the outstanding and hard work of these men,
there would have been much more Klan violence in the South than we
have seen in the last few years.

In this respect, as in others, the FBI on all levels merits the respect
and gratitude of the American public, and I express the gratitude of
this committee to the FBI. In my opinion, it is the finest investigative
agency in the world.

Finally, Mr. Appell, I believe you have a number of exhibits to
submit for the record concerning the Klan organizations operating in

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1533

the United States, their structures and organization, terminology and
related matters, including, I think, an exhibit which names key officers
of the largest of the Klan groups, most of them self-identified and
self -proclaimed, and all of whose identities, of course, have been con-
firmed by committee investigation.

The committee would be pleased to have you proceed with the intro-
duction and identification of these exhibits,^ in which effort I think
you might want to be joined by Mr. Manuel, who has been so helpful
m this investigation, and perhaps by Mr. Hitz, and Mr. Nittle, another
counsel of the committee. I will have something else to say about
that soon.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, we have projected this that I am going
to present on slides. The first one that we will deal with is Ku Klux
Klan terminology.

(A slide of the following was shown :)

[Committee Exhibit No. 1]
Ku Klux Klan Terminology

Term

Definition

Invisible Empire

The overall territorial jurisdiction of a Ku

Kloran

Klan kr aft -

Klux Klan.
The official ritual book of a Ku Klux Klan

organization.
Ku Klux Klan spirit and knowledge of all

matters pertaining to the Ku Klux Klan.
The Klan initiation fee.

Klectokon. _.

Kalendar

The special Klan terminology to designate

days, months, and years.
A national convention of a Ku Klux Klan

Imperial Klonvokation

Imperial Kloncilium.

organization.
The supreme advisory and governing board

Realm. ._ .

of a Ku Klux Klan organization.
A territorial subdivision of the Invisible

Province. . _. ..

Empire, embracing a State.
A territorial subdivision of a realm, em-

Klorero.

bracing a congressional district.
A realm (State) convention; also the realm

governing and advisory board.
A convention of a province.
The smallest unit (local club) of a Ku Klux

Klonverse

Klan, Klavern. _ .

Klan ton ...

Klan organization.
The territorial jurisdiction of a Klan or

Klavern.
Secret convention or meeting of a Klan.
All persons who are not members of a Ku

Klux Klan organization.

Order of Probationary Citizenship in the
Invisible Empire.

Knights of Kamellia — Primary Order of
Knighthood.

Knights of the Great Forest — Order of
American Chivalry.

Knights of the Mid-night Mystery — Superior
Order of Knighthood and Spiritual Phi-
losophies.

Klonklave. . . .

Aliens

KLORANIC ORDERS

K-UNO

K-DUO

K-TRIO

K-QUAD

1 Documents designated committee exhibits and numbered consecutively.
59-222 O — 67 — pt. 1 2

1534 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. We come to the Invisible Empire, which we have re-
ferred to already, which is the overall territorial jurisdiction of a Ku
Klux Klan ; the Kloran, the official ritual book of the Ku Klux Klan ;
Klankraft, Ku Klux Klan spirit and knowledge of all matters pertain-
ing to the Ku Klux Klan; the Klectokon, the Klan initiation fee; the
Kalendar, the special Klan terminology to designate days, montlis, and
years ; the Imperial Klonvokation, a national convention of a Ku Klux
Klan organization; the Imperial Kloncilium, the supreme advisory
and governing board of a Ku Klux Klan organization ; the Realm, a
territorial subdivision of the Invisible Empire embracing a State;
the Province, a territorial subdivision of a realm, embracing a con-
gressional district, with a realm having as many provinces as there are
congressional districts within the State boundaries; the Klorero, a
realm or State convention; also the realm governing and advisory
board ; the Klonverse, a convention of the province leaders.

Continuing with the terminology, Mr. Chairman, we have a Klan
or Klavern. This is the smallest unit and would compare with a local
club of any other national organization. The reason that we show
it as a Klan or Klavern is that technically, within the constitution
of a Klan organization, the unit is a Klan, but because there are so
many different Klans, it is popularly referred to as a Klavern.

The Klanton is the territorial jurisdiction of a Klan or Klavern.

A Klonklave is a secret convention or meeting of a Klan.

Aliens are all of us who are not members of a Ku Klux Klan.

Like other orders, they have Kloranic degrees. K-UNO is the
Order of Probationary Citizenship in the Invisible Emj)ire. K-DUO,
Knights of Kamellia, Primary Order of Knighthood. K-TRIO,
Knights of the Great Forest — Order of American Chivalry.
K-QUAD, Knights of the Midnight Mystery — Superior Order of
Knighthood and Spiritual Philosophies.

With respect to the fourth order, Mr. Chairman, we have had testi-
mony from a man who has been in the Klan many years that no one
has ever had to take the fourth order because it hasn't even been writ-
ten yet, and if it were completed, and it is now being worked on, it
would take 16 hours to confer and it would require $40,000 worth of
equipment.

We now, Mr. Chairman, will deal with the model Klan organiza-
tion chart.

(Model Klan Organization Chart shown on slide. See Committee
Exhibit No. 2, p. 1535.)

Mr. Appell. We go from the Imperial Office. You will note footnote
designations. This compares with national offices of a nonnal organi-
zation. Positions are filled by vote of delegates to Imperial Klonvo-
kation or national convention.

From the Imperial Office we floAv to the Realm Office. As you can
see from the footnote designation, this compares with the State divi-
sion of a national office and is not an autonomous body. Offices are
filled by vote of delegates to a klorero or State convention. Before a
State has a sufficient number of Klaverns or members to hold elec-
tions, the offices are filled by appointments of the Imperial Wizard.

The next is the Province Office. And, as we note, the provinces
conform to the boundaries of a congressional district and are as many
as there are congressional distiots in a State. Offices are filled by
vote of delegates to a klonverse or district convention.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1535

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1536 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Then we come to the smallest order of the Klan or Klavem, which
is in footnote 4, which compares with a club of a national or state
organization, with offices filled by election of club membership. As
a service function out of the office of the Imperial Wizard, and some-
times out of the office of the realm leader or Grand Dragon, these
men are appointed by either the Imperial Wizard, who also is the
Supreme Kleagle or organizer for the organization.

We now deal with the Imperial (National) Offices, and the number
and titles given to these.

We have attempted to make an analogy betNreen the office as it would
relate to a national organization that we all might be familiar with.

(Chart of Imperial (National) Offices shown on slide. See Com-
mittee Exhibit No. 3, p. 1537. )

Mr. Appell. The Imperial Wizard is the national president, the
supreme chief executive officer, the Supreme Kleagle or organizer.

Then we have the Imperial Klaliff, who would compare with a
national vice president; the Imperial Klokard, the national director
of propaganda; the Imperial Kludd, the national chaplain; the Im-
perial Kligrapp, the national secretary; the Imperial Klabee, the
national treasurer; the Imperial Kladd, the national secretary to
the president; the Imperial Klarogo, the national inner guard of
conventions or national executive board meetings: the Imperial
Klexter, the national outer guard of conventions or national execu-
tive board meetings; the Imperial Klonsel, the national legal adviser;
the Imperial Night-Hawk, the national auditor and chairman of a
3- to 5-member audit and advisory committee.

All of these together are known as the Imperial Wizard and his
Genii.

We next pass to the realm, Mr. Chainnan.

(Chart of Realm (State) Offices shown on slide. See Committee
Exhibit No. 4, p. 1538.)

Mr. Appell. Here we find that these men, after they are of sufficient
strength, are elected at a State klorero, or convention, by delegates
from Klans or Kla.verns. I will point out in this that the top man
of a realm is known by the title of Grand Dragon.

I will remove this in order to show that the other offices are the
same, but preceding the office on a State level they are referred to as
Grand Klaliff, grand klokard, grand et cetera.

I wish to point out that this body of men is known as the Grand
Dragon and his Hydras.

We next go to the subdivision within the State, or the province,
the district offices.

(Chart of Province (District) Offices shown on slide. See Com-
mittee Exhibit No. 5, p. 1539.)

Mr. Appell. The great titan is the highest officer of a province and
could l)e considered its president.

There are three great klaliffs that operate as an advisory board;
the great kligrapp or secretary, the great klabee or treasurer, the

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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great kluckl or chaplain; and this body is known as the great titan
and his furies.

Here we come to the Klan or Klavern, the club offices.

(Chart of the Klan-Klavern (Club) Offices shown on slide. See
Committee Exhibit No. 6, p. 1541.)

Mr. Appell. Here the top man is the exalted cyclops. The men
under him hold the same titles. However, as you will note, they are
not preceded by the word of either "Grand" or "Imperial" and this
body is known as the exalted cyclops and his terrors.

Mr. Chairman, I would like to deal with a graph of the United
Klans of America.

(Chart of United Klans of America, Inc., shown on slide. See
Committee Exhibit No. 7, p. 1542. ),

Mr. Appell. I would like to, with your permission, state that ba-
sically this organization grows out of an organization formed in 1955
known as the U.S. Klans. Following the death of its leader, Eldon
Edwards, in 1960, it split with a great bulk of its leadership creating
an organization which is known as the Invisible Empire, United
Klans, Knights Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc.

This organization was formed in February of 1961. Joining with
this organization was the Alabama Knights of the Ku Klux Klan,
which was formed in part by Kobert M. Shelton after he had been
replaced by Edwards as Grand Dragon of the U.S. Klans for the State
of Alabama.

Sometime, in May or June of 1961, these bodies came together; and
in July of 1961, Mr. Shelton was elected its Imperial AVizard and has
held that office since.

Starting off with what could be grabbed away from the member-
ship of tlie U.S. Klans, the organization has grown to what we pic-
ture here today.

We have set this graph up, Mr. Chairman, so that realms are dis-
played as a realm because, according to our investigation, there is
sufficient Klan strength to hold elections. We will, as we go down
this chart, list States without a prefix of "realm" because the Klan
does not have, according to our investigation, sufficient strength to
form or elect bodies within themselves, so we have listed them merely
as a State and have designated persons who, according to our investi-
gation, and also which is confirmed by public press sources, are people
Mr. Shelton has appointed as Grand Dragons in these various areas.

These are not in the order in which they were formed as the United
Klans came into being in 1961, but are set forth to show how the
United Klans looks today according to our investigation.

There is the Realm of Tennessee, headed by Grand Dragon Ander-
son; the Realm of Louisiana headed by Grand Dragon Dr. Edwards;
the Realm of Mississippi headed by Grand Dragon McDaniel; the
Realm of Alabama headed by Grand Dragon Creel; the Realm of
Florida, headed by Grand Dragon Cothran; the Realm of Georgia

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1541

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headed by Gnuid Dragon Craig; the Reahu of South Carolina headed
by Grand Dragon Scoggin ; the Reahn of North Carolina headed by
Grand Dragon Jones.

Li Ohio we have designated the leader in the State, Mr. Harvey,
in Texas it is Mr. Otto; in Virginia, Mr. Kornegay, who, until being
designated Grand Dragon of Virginia, was a paid employee of the
Klan in North Carolina; in Pennsylvania, Mr. Frankhouser; in In-
diana, Claude Pamell; in Wisconsin, John Peter Reading; in Dela-
ware, Ralph Pry or; in Arkansas, George A. McNeely; and in New
York, Daniel Burros.

Mr. Chairman, for investigative purposes, we have divided the Klan
organizations into basically three divisions, the United Klans of
America and a group of autonomous Klans formed within an asso-
ciation, and then a few Klan organizations which sit outside of either
Mr. Shelton's Klan or the association,

I would now like to show those Klans within the National Asso-
ciation.

(Chart of National Association of the Knights of the Ku Klux
Klans shown on slide. See Committee Exhibit No. 8, p. 1544.)

Mr. Appell, This National Association is, as I said, an informal
sort of arrangement under the chairmanship of James R. Venable, of
(ireorgia. They meet roughly three times a year. Their purpose in
meeting is to discuss common problems among the Klans within the
association.

There is the Dixie Klans, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. We
have Mr. Jack W. Brown heading it. It is our investigative under-
.standing that he has died within the past several days.

The Improved Order of U.S. Klans, with Earl E. George; the
Original Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, with Murry H. Martin.

You will note that the Dixie Klans, Inc., has Klavems in Temies-
see, Georgia, and Alabama. The Improved Order of U.S. Klans has
Klaverns in Alabama and Florida.

Then we deal with the National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc.,
which is an autonomous Klan group, and also under the leadei-ship of
Mr. Venable. This organization has Klaverns in Louisiana, Geor-
gia, North Carolina, and Alabama.

Then there is the Association of South Carolina Klans, comprised
solely within the jurisdiction of South Carolina,

Then the U.S. Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc., out of
which the big Klan of Mr. Shelton's grew, and it is under the
leadei-ship of Mr. H. J. Jones; the Association of Georgia Klans,
under Chajles Maddox ; and the United Florida Ku Klux Klan under
Jason E. Kersey.

The next, Mr. Chairman, are Klan groups which we establish as
independent Klan organizations.

1544

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(A slide of the following was shown :)

[Committee Exhibit No. 9]

Independent Klan Organizatioyis

1. White Knights of tlie Ku Klux Klan (Mississippi).

2. Anti-Communist Christian Association (Louisiana) formerly the Original
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

3. Association of Arkansas Klans.

4. Militant Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (Florida).

5. Mississippi Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

Mr. Appell. Membershipwise, they range from a very important
Klan in Mississippi known as the 'Wliite Knights of the Ku Klux Klan
of Mississippi, down to a one-man Klan organization that I will point
out as we uncover this list.

In the order of their importance, the White Knights of the Ku Klux
Klan of Mississippi; the Anti-Communist Christian Association is
next. This was formerly a part of the Original lOiights of the Ku
Klux Klan. They are confined mainly within the Sixth Congres-
sional District of Louisiana, which is the Bogalusa area as the pre-
dommant point.

The third is the Association of Arkansas Klans, very small.

Fourth is the Militant Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, a Florida
group which has started an organization effort within the last 3
months; and the Mississippi Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, which,
according to the best of our information, is comprised solely of its
top officer.

Mr. Chairman, this concludes my part of the presentation, and I
would like to have you call as the next witness Mr. Philip Manuel, a
member of the investigative staff, who will deal with a breakdown of
these Klans by States in order to show the location and what our
investigation established as far as Klaverns or clubs are concerned.

The Chairman. That ^vill be done.

Will you raise your right hand ?

You do solemnly sw^ear that the testimony you are about to give
will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help
you God ?

Mr. Manuel. Yes, sir.

TESTIMONY OF PHILIP R. MANUEL

Mr, Manuel. Mr. Chairman, the exhibits which I am about to show
are a compilation of all Klaverns which, the committee investigation
has determined were in existence in the yeai-s 1964 and 1965 to the
present time.

I want to emphasize that, in some cases, some Klaverns which
existed for part or all of 1964 may not be in existence today. The
committee investigation has shown that, by the nature of the various
Klan organizations, Klaverns are both established and dissolved in
a relatively short time and the secrecy under which the Klan groups
operate makes their detection very difficult.

1546 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Therefore, these exhibits are intended to show the concentration
by county of Klavems of the various Klan groups which are known
to have been in existence for the period January 1964 to the present
time.

I wish to emphasize that the investigative staff is not claiming
that these are the only Klaverns which exist, or have existed, for the
period January 1964 to the present. There is a possibility that othey
Klaverns exist, or have existed, of which the staff has no knowledge.

I also wish to point out that additional information is still being col
lected which may possibly enlarge the connnittee's knowledge in this
matter. An additional exhibit I will display after the State maps
will give a listing of the county, city, or town in which the particular
Klavern is located, plus the cover name by which the Klavern is
known.

The committee investigation has revealed that some Klan groups,
and in particular the United Klans of America, Inc., make extensive
use of cover names when establishing bank accounts, for example, or
post office boxes or making group reservations at some hotel or other
business establishment.

Now, Mr. Chairman, I will proceed to show each individual State
exhibit, starting with the State of Virginia.

The Chairman. Mr. Manuel, for the record, please describe your
background as an investigator and how long you have been with the
committee.

Your name, of course, is Philip Manuel.

Mr. Manuel. Philip R. Manuel. I have been employed by the
Committee on Un-American Activities since the 1st of January 1964.
Prior to that date I was a special agent of the Counterintelligence
Corps of the Department of the Army, in which capacity I served
from 1960 until the date that I joined the staff of the committee.

The Chairman. Were you not in the CIA?

Mr. Manuel. No, sir. It is commonly known as CIC, the Counter-
intelligence Corps of the United States Army, the Department of
Defense.

Now I will proceed with the State of Virginia.

(Map of Virginia sliown on the slide. See Committee Exhibit No.
10, p. 1547.)

Mr. Manuel. You will see shown the State map of Virginia. The
red dots on this map, Mr. Chairman, represent the Klaverns which
the committee investigation has shown to exist in this State at the
present time. I want to point out that until June of 1965 the State's
Grand Dragon and principal offices were located in the area of
Chesapeake, Virginia. Since June of 1965, a new Grand Dragon has
been appointed whom Mr. Appell identified as Marsliall Kornegay,
and he has been active, the conunittee investigation shows, in this
particular area, and the committee investigation has shown that three
additional Klaverns have been established since he took over.

The identities of these Klaverns are as follows, as far as the county,
city, and, where known, the Klavern name and designation.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1547

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1548

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

I Avant to do this very briefly and as quickly as possible as each of
these, Mr. Chairman, the staff hopes to enter into the record as
exhibits.

The Chairman. We will do that after you finish. Proceed.

Let me say at this point that the exhibits identified by Mr. Appell
will be received in evidence in the order in which they were presented
by him, and the exhibits now being identified by Mr. Manuel will be
received in evidence in the record in the order and at the points iden-
tified by Mr. Manuel.

(Chart of the Virginia Klaverns shown on slide. A list of these
Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 11]

State of Virginia — Klaverns of the United Klans of America, Inc.

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Lunenburg

Mecklenburg

Nansemond

Norfolk

Warwick

Victoria

Chase City

Holland

Portsmouth

Newport News

Chase City Fellowship Club.
Warwick Mens Club.

Mr. Manuel. Next the committee staff would like to present its
results of investigation as far as Xorth Carolina is concerned.

Maps of North Carolina shown on slides. See Committee Exhibits
Nos. 12 and 13, pp. 1549, 1550.)

Mr. Manuel. I would like to point out that the dark black lines
that ^ou see on each of these maps are taken from the exact con-
gressional districts at the start of the present Congress. That would
be current as of January 1964. The significance of this is that, as
Mr. Appell has stated

The Chairman. 1965.

Mr. Manuel. 1965. I am sorry.

As Mr. Appell has stated, the congressional districts are synony-
mous with the province breakdowns of the various Klan groups.

I will first represent by the red dots, which you will see on this
overlay, the locations which the committee investigation has shown
to exist at the present time covering the years 1964 and 1965 in the
State of North Carolina.

The committee investigation has shown that we have a total of 112
Klaverns which the investigation has uncovered of the UKA in North
Carolina (Exhibit No. 12). There is one additional Klavern located
in Wilson County, North Carolina, represented by the green dot, and
that signifies a Klavern of the National Knights of the Ku Klux
Klan (Exhibit No. 13).

As an additional exhibit, I would like to display briefly the county,
city and town, and Klavern name or designation, where known, for
each of the Klaverns which were plotted on the map.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1549

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1550

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1551

And tlie cover names that I spoke of previously you can see listed.
(Charts of North Carolina Klaverns of United Klans of America,
Inc., shown on slides. A list of these Klaverns follows :)

[Committee Exhibit No. 14]

State of North Carolina— Klaverns of the United Klans of America, Inc.

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Alamance

Beaufort

Burlington

Washington

' Blounts Creek

Pantego .

Unit No. 18, Ladies' Auxiliary of the

KKK.
Unit No. 35.
Unit No. 81.

Bladen. _

fSupplv. .

Klavern No. 28.

Freeland. _

Brunswick

' Shallotte

Bolivia

Burke

Morganton

fLenoir

Burke County Improvement Society.

Caldwell

mhitnel

[Gamewell

iBynum

Chatham Citizens Club.

Chatham..

< Pittsboro

Chatham Citizens Club No. 19.

LGoldston

fShelby

Central Carolina Ladies' League.
Hunters Club.

Cleveland

Columbus _.

\Kings Mountain

Red Wood Lodge.

Craven

("New Bern

[Vanceboro

Fayetteville

Hickory..

Craven County Improvement Asso-
ciation; Craven County Ladies'

Cumberland

Catawba. ....

Auxiliary No. 33.
Craven Fellowship Club.
Cumberland County Patriots.
Catawba County Improvement

Davidson

Lexington

fRoseHill

Association.
Davidson County Sportsman Club.
Sportsman Club.

Duplin

Durham

Edgecombe

Frankhn

Forsyth

Gaston

Granville

^Beulaville (2)

[Wallace

Durham

(■Rocky Mount

\Tarboro

[Louisburg

< Centerville

[.Bunn

Winston-Salem

'Cherry ville

Mount Holly

Bessemer City

Limestone Fishing Club No. 48.

Cape Fear Fishing Club.

Town and Country Sportsman Club

No. 9; Friendly Circle No. 9.
Tri-County Sportsman Club No. 24.
Tarboro Klavern No. 43.
Louisburg Klavern No. 29.

Bunn Saddle Club.

Gaston County Sportsman Club No.
34.

Greene - .

SnowHilL.

Greene County Improvement Associa-
tion.

Pinedale Saddle Club No. 10; Travel-
er's Club No. 10; Traveler's Auxili-
ary No. 10.

Sophia Rebels Club No. 11; High
Point Brotherhood Club No. 11.

Roanoke Rapids Klavern No. 40.

Halifax County Ladies Club.

Harnett County Improvement Asso-
ciation No 22

Guilford

Halifax

Harnett

'Greensboro (3)

|High Point (2)

/Roanoke Rapids

lEnfield

[Dunn

[Angler

Black River Improvement Club.

1552 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

State of North Carolina — Klaverns of the United Klans of America, Inc. — Con.

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Iredell

Johnston.-

Clayton

Ranch Gun Club.

Jones

Lee

Trenton

Sanford

fLa Grange

Lee County Improvement Association
No. 23.

Lenoir

{ Deep Run

[Kinston (3) .

Neuse Hunting Club; Trent Com-
munity Club; Lenoir Fellowship
Club.

Martin County Sportsman Club No.
4.

Little River Club No. 27.
211 Pointers Club.

Ladies of Knights Circle; Pender
County Improvement Association.

Ladies of Knights Circle.
Nashville Klavern No. 51.

Martin

Mecklenburg

Montgomery

Moore

New Hanover

Nash

Williamston

Charlotte

Biscoe

Southern Pines

'Wilmington (2)

East Wilmington

.Wrightsville Beach-.
/Nashville _

\ Middlesex

Pleasant HUl

Holly Ridge

Hillsboro. _

Northampton

Onslow . _ _

LaRose Fishing ACC Club.

The Sportsman's Lakeside Lodge.

Atkinson Klavern No. 26.

Orange ..

Pamlico

Pasquotank

Pender

Stonewall

Elizabeth City

Atkinson _ _ _

Person

Roxboro

Roxboro Fishing Club.
Benevolent Association No. 53; Ogden
Christian Fellowship Club No. 53.
Benevolent Association.

' Green viUe (2)

Winter ville.

Pitt

Farmville

Pitt County Improvement Associa-

Ayden

Fountain _ .

tion No. 37.
Ayden Christian Fellowship Club.

.Grifton.

Grifton Christian Societv.

Randolph

r Sophia -

Sophia Rebels Club.

White Citizens of Randolph.

\Asheboro

Robeson

Rockingham.

Reidsville

Fine Fellows Club.

Rowan _ . . .

("Salisbury- _- _ .

Rowan Sportsman's Club No. 1.

\Spencer

rSalemburg..

Rowan Sportsman's Club.
Little Coharic Improvement Associa-
tion.
The Enterprise Club No. 46.

Sampson

[Clinton

Stanly

Vance. - -_ .

Henderson (3)

/Raleigh (3)

Keystone Club No. 47; Family Im-
provement Club No. 47; Frankhn
County Improvement Association
No. 47.

Capital City Restoration Association
No. 41; Eastern Triangle Ladies
League No. 6; Neuse Rescue Serv-
ice No. 41.

Black River Improvement Club.

Wflkp

Wendell

Apex

Knightdale

Zebulon

Neuse

Apex Restoration Association.

Juquay Springs

Willow Springs Restoration Service.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1553

Slate of North Carolina — Klaverns of the United Klans of America, Inc. — Con.

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

'Norlina (2)

Warren County Improvement Asso-
ciation No. 30; Warren Women's

Warren

Warrenton (2)

Improvement Association.
New Bern and Blounts Creek Fund;

Warren County Improvement Asso-
ciation.

Wayne

Goldsboro

Seven Springs

Mount Olive

Wayne County Improvement Asso-
ciation No. 38.

Wilson

Wilson County Improvement Asso-
ciation No. 31.

w iison

Lucama

Wilson County Improvement Asso-
ciation.

Mr. Manuel. As I say, there were 112 Klaverns of the UK A which
the committee found in the State of North Carolina, which is by far
the most active State in terms of Klaverns and membership of the
UKA.

Tlie Chairman. This is still North Carolina ?

Mr. IVIanuel. Still North Carolina, Mr. Chairman.

The last one is the Klavern of the National Knights which was es-
tablished very recently in Wilson County, North Carolina.

(Chart of North Carolina Klavern of National Knights of Ku Klux
Klan, Inc., shown on slide. It is as follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 15]
State of North Carolina — Continued— National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc.

County

Wilson.

City or Town

Wilson -

Klavern Name and Designation

Mr. Manuel. The next State that I will cover is the State of Ten-
nessee, where the committee investigation, first reviewing the Klav-
erns of the United Klans, has established some five Klaverns indi-
caited on the map with the red dots.

In the State of Tennessee, located at Chattanooga, Tennessee, is the
headquarters of a Klan organization identified previously by Mr.
Appell. This is the headquarters of the Dixie Klans, Inc., Knights
of the Ku Klux Klan.

(Maps of Tennessee shown on slides. See Committee Exhibits Nos.
16andl7,pp. 1554, 1555.)

Mr. Manuel. Here the Klaverns of the United Klans of America
are listed by county, city, Klavern name as well as the Dixie Klans
located in Hamilton County, in the city of Chattanooga, using the
cover name sometime as the Old Hickory Club

1554

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1555

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1556

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Chart of the Tennessee Klavems shown on slide. A list of these
Klaverns follows :)

[Ck)inmittee Exhibit \o. 18]
Stale of Tennessee — Klaverns of the United Klaus of America, Inc.

County

City or

Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Blount

Knox

Maryville

Knoxville

Etowah

Harriman

Sevierville

Maryville Klavern No. 1.
Knoxville Klavern No. 3.

McMinn

Roane

Sevier

Etowah Klavern No. 4.
Harriman Klavern No. 2.
Sevier\ille Klavern No. 5.

State of Tennessee — Continued — Dixie Klans, Inc. — Knights of the Ku Klux Klan

Hamilton.

Chattanooga Klavern No. 1 ; Also
Known as Old Hickory Club.

Mr. Manuel. The next State is the State of South Carolina shown
on the screen by this map.

(Maps of South Carolina shown on slides. See Committee Exhibits
Nos. 19 and 20, pp. 1557, 1558.)

Mr. Manuel, First, the red dots will indicate the location and
number of the Klaverns of the United Klans of America (Exliibit
No. 19). And in the State of South Carolina there is another Klan
organization in existence known as the Association of South Carolina
Klans, whose Klavems are shown by means of the purple dots (Exliibit
No. 20), and their headquarters are located in West Coliunbia, South
Carolina.

Again, here is the listing of the Klavems of the United Klans of
America in South Carolina, listed by comity, city, or town. And
where we know the identity, also is listed the cover name of the
organization.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1557

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1558

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1559

(Chart of South Carolma KLaverns of UK A sliown on slide. A
list of these Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 21]

State of South Carolina — Klaverns of the United Klans of America, Inc.

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Spartanburg

Greenville

Anderson

Pickens. _. . -

Spartanburg

Greenville

Anderson

Pickens

GafFney --

Sumter

Columbia

Orangeburg

Andrews

Hemingway

Dillon

Bennettsville

Cheraw

Hartsville

Rock Hill

Spartanburg Klavern No. 21.
Wade Hampton Kalvern No. 1.

Sportsmans Club No. 4.

Cherokee

Sumter

Richland

Orangeburg

Georgetown

Williamsburg

Dillon-. -- - -- .

Cherokee Sportsmans Club.
Sumter Sportsmans Club No. 10.
Capital City Sportsmans Club.
Garden City Club.
Santee Sportsmans Club.
Hemingway Sportsmans Club.
Odd Brothers Club.

Marlboro

Chesterfield

Darlington

York-

Red River Club No. 19.
Chesterfield County Sportsmans

Club.
Hartsville Sportsmans Club No.

24.

Kershaw

f Camden _.

\ Kershaw . .

Friendship Club.

Chester

TLowrys

<Fort Lawn

[Chester

Mr. Manuel. Here listed is the location by comity, city, and cover
name of the Association of South Carolina Klans, whose headquarters
are in West Columbia, South Carolina.

(Chart of Klaverns of Association of South Carolina Klans shown
on slide. The list follows :)

[Committee Exhibit No. 22]

State of South Carolina — Continued — Association of South Carolina Klans

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Charleston

Lexington

Charleston

West Columbia

Lancaster (2)

Newberry

Ninety Six -

Charleston Klavern No. 794.
West Columbia Klavern No. 335;

Lancaster. -

Also Known as West Columbia
Club; Also Known as Majority
Citizens League.
Lancaster Klavern No. 252;

Newberry

Greenwood

Camp Creek Club.
Newberrv Klavern No. 790
Klavern "No. 96.

Anderson

f Anderson

\ Williams ton

Anderson Klavern No. 694.
AKIA Club No. 14.

Mr. Manuel. The next State I will cover is the State of Georgia.
(Maps of Georgia shown on slides. See Committee Exhibits Nos.
23 through 28, pp. 1560-1565.)

1560

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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1566

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. JVIanuel. You will see on the screen a map of the State of Geor-
gia. The first Klan group we will cover, again, is the United Klans of
America (Exhibit No. 23). Each Klavern is shoAvn by means of the
red dots in the respective county in which the committee investigation
has shown that these Klavems exist.

Another Klan group in the State of Georgia is the National Knights
of the Ku Klux Klan (Exhibit No. 24) headed by James Venable,
whom Mr. Appell previously identified. Their headquarters are lo-
cated in Tucker, Georgia, in DeKalb Comity.

The Dixie Klans (Exhibit No. 25), previously identified, has two
Klavems in the State of Georgia, and they exist as shown in these
respective counties.

Another Klan group located in the State of Georgia is the Improved
Order of U.S. Klans (Exhibit No. 26), whose headquarters is shown
in Lithonia, Georgia, in DeKalb County.

Another Klan group in Georgia is located in Chatham County, out-
side of the city of Savannah, in a town called Bloomingdale, Georgia,
and its name is the Association of Georgia Klans (Exhibit No. 27).

Also in Georgia, in Fulton County, in a city called College Park,
there is a headquarters of a Klan group known as the U.S. Klans
(Exhibit No. 28).

The listing of each Klan shown on the map is as follows.

First for the Klaverns of the United Klans of America, the county,
city or town, and, where known, the cover name of each Klavern.

(Charts of Klaverns of the UKA of Georgia shown on slides. A
list of these Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 29]

State of Georgia — Klaverns of the United Klans of Amcriea, Inc.

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Appling . .

Baxley _

Altamaha Men's Club No. 72.

Decatur.

Bainbridge

Flint River Men's Group No. 30.

Cook .....

Adel .

Ben Hill... .

Fitzgerald

Fitzgerald Klavern.

Sumter.

Americus.

Chatham

Emanuel

Savannah

Swainsboro

Savannah Klavern No. 41.
Swainsboro Klavern No. 314.

Burke. .

Waynesboro

Macon.. .

Waynesboro Klavern No. 310.
Ghost Klavern No. 115.

Bibb

Wilkes..

Washington .

Washington Klavern No. 301.

Oglethorpe

Crawford

Oglethorpe Klavern No. 244.
Clarke County Klavern No. 244.

Elbert

Clarke

Elberton

Athens

Walton

/Monroe. .

Douglas Klavern No. 714.
Vinegar Hill Klavern No. 53.
Impala No. 42.

Spalding County Klavern No. 25.
Henry County Klavern No. 60.

\Bold Spring...

Butts

Spalding

Henry

r Jackson

\Indian Springs

Griffin

f McDonough

\Locust Grove

Newnan

Covington

Carrollton

Coweta

Newton

Carroll

Lakeview Men's Club.
Rocky Plains Klavern No. 38.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1567

State of Georgia — Klaverns of the United Klaus of Atnerica, Inc. — Continued

County

City or Town

Klavcrn Name and Designation

Bartow

Cherokee.

/Adairsville

\White

Canton

EUijay

Gumming

Cleveland

Clarkesville

Gainesville

[Lawrenceville

< Dacula

[Lilburn

[Doraville

< Lithonia

[Atlanta

r Forest Park

\ Jonesboro

fMarietta

\Mableton

[Atlanta

[Roswell

Wolf Den Klaveru No. 411.
Canton Klavern No. 70.

Gilmer

Forsyth

White

Habersham

Hall

Gwinnett- _ _

Yukon Klavern No. 5.
Straight Arrow No. 17.

Zingari Klavern No. 332.

De Kalb .

Clayton

Cobb

Fulton

Lilburn Klavern No. 229.

Fiery Cross Klavern No. 113.

Kelly Haines Klavern No. 9.

Confederate Klavern No. 2.

Clayton Klavern No. 52.

Clayton Civic Club.

Joseph E. Johnston Club No. 61.

Old No. 66.

Nathan Bedford Forrest Klavern

No. 1.
Cherokee Klavern No. 92.

Mr. Manuel. Here is a listing of the Klaverns in Georgia, by comity
and city, of the National Knights and of the Association of Georgia
Klans, organizations I have previously identified.

(Chart of Georgia Klaverns of National Knights of KKK and
Association of Georgia Klans shoAvn on slide. A list of these Klaverns
follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 30]

State of Georgia — Continued — National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc.

Countv

De Kalb_
Cobb..._

Lamar

Hart

Chatham

City or Town

Tucker

Smyrna

Barnesville.
Hartwell

Klavern Name and Designation

Association of Georgia Klans

Bloomingdalc.

Mr. M^\NUEL. Just recently, I might add, and these were included
in the map which I have shown on the State of Georgia, there were
some new additions of Klaverns that have been just recently estab-
lished in that State — in Early, Oglethorpe, Seminole, Floyd, Thomas,
and Bibb Counties, in the towns shown, with their Klavern name
being shown.

1568

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Chart of additional Klaverns of the UK A of Georgia shown on
slide. A list of these Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 31]

State of Georgia — Continued — New Additions — Klaverns of the United Klans of

America, Inc.

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Early

Oglethorpe

Seminole

Floyd

Thomas

Bibb

Blakely

(Rural Area)

Seminole City.

Rome

Coolidge

Macon

Early Lodge No. 35.
Tri-County Klavern No. 65.
Donaldsville Klavern No. 3.

Bibb County Klavern No. 115.

Mr. Manuel. As previously identified, we have other Klan groups
in the State of Georgia identified as the Improved Order of U.S.
Klans, with headquarters in Lithonia; we have additional Klaverns
of the Dixie Klans in the State of Georgia; and in the State of
Georgia we have the headquarters of the U.S. Klans, Knights of the
Ku Klux Klan, located in Fulton County, in College Park.

(Chart of Klaverns of other Klan groups in Georgia shown on
slide. A list of these follows :)

[Committee Exhibit No. 32]
State of Georgia — Co&itinued — Improved Order of U.S. Klans

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

De Kalb

Haralson

Lithonia

Tallapoosa

Dixie Klans, Inc. — Knights of the Ku Klux Klan

Whitfield

Murray

Dalton--. _

Chatsworth

U.S. Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc.

Fulton

College Park

Mr. Manuel. The next State I would like to cover is the State of
Florida. This is shoAvn on the following maps.

(Maps of Florida sliown on slides. See Committee Exhibits Nos.
33 through 36, pp. 1569-1572.)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1569

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1573

Mr. IVIanuel. The committee investigation has revealed that the
following Klavems of the United Klans of America are in existence
in the State of Florida. They are designated, again, by the red dots
on the map inside the limits of the counties in which they are located
(Exhibit No. 33).

In the State of Florida, in addition to the United Klans of America,
there is a separate Klan group, previously identified by Mr. Appell,
which is known as the United Florida Klans, a relatively active
group. Its Klavems are listed by county as you see on this particular
map (Exliibit No. 34) .

Also in the State of Florida, previously identified by Mr. Appell,
is a separate Klan organization known as the Militant Knights of the
Ku Klux Klan whose headquarters are in Jacksonville, Florida (Ex-
hibit No. 35).

Also. in the State of Florida, a separate and very small Klan group,
which meets on an irregular basis, according to committee informa-
tion, is located in the town of Oldsmar, Florida, in Pinellas County,
and it is known as the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (Exhibit No. 36) .

A listing of each Klavern of the United Klans is as follows, showing
the county in which it is located, the city or town, and the cover name
or Klaveni designation which it uses.

(Chart of Klavems of the United Klans of America, Inc., of Florida
shown on slide. A list of these Klaverns follows :)

[Committee Exhibit No. 37]
State of Florida — Klaverns of the United Klans of America, Inc.

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Duval

Marion

Jacksonville

("Belle view

\Ocala -

Jacksonville Klavern No. 2.
Summerfield Fellowship Club.

Sumter

Broward

Dade

Wildwood

Fort Lauderdale

Miami

Wildwood Sportsmans Club.
Broward Fellowship Club.
Dade County Klavern No. 6.

Mr. Manuel. Following is a list of the Klaverns by county, city
or town, et cetera, of the United Florida Klans, which were shown
with the blue dots on the map.

As you can see, there are five separate Klaverns of this group in the
area of Jackson \'ille, Florida.

1574

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Chart of Klavenis of United Florida KKK shown on slide. A list
of these Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 38]
State of Florida — Continued — United Florida Kii Klux Klan

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Nassau

Duval

St. Johns

Yulee

Jacksonville (5)

St. Augustine

Lake City .

Nassau County Klavern No.
501.

Jacksonville Klavern No. 502;
Also Known as Paul Revere
Historical Society; Also
Known as Duval Fellowship
Club; Robert E. Lee Klavern
No. 506; Robert E. Lee
Klavern No. 508; Robert
E. Lee Klavern No. 513;
Robert E. Lee Klavern
No. 520.

St. Augustine Klavern No.

Columbia. _

519; Also Known as Ancient
City Gun Club.
Lake Citv Klavern.

Union

Lake Butler

Gainesville

Palatka _ __

Alachua

Putnam

Patriot Klavern.

Marion. . .

Ocala

Marion Klavern.

Volusia

Samsula

DeLand Sportsmans Club No.

Lake _ . .

Mount Dora

/Lakeland

J Auburndale

1 Haines City

,Lake Wales. _.

8-1.

Polk

Forrest Club No. 11, United

Gun Club.
Auburndale Fisherman's Club.
Central Sportsmans Club No.

101.
Lake Wales Pioneer Club No.

5-4.

Mr. Manuel. This is a continuation of the previous group, the
United Florida Klans; the separate Klan group previously identified
in Pinellas County ; and the separate group of the Militant Knights,
located in Duval County, Florida.

(Chart of additional Klaverns of United Florida KKK and Klav-
erns of Knights of the KKK and Militant Knights of the KKK in
Florida shown on slide. A list of these Klaverns follows : )

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1575

[Committee Exhibit No. 39]
State of Florida — Continued — United Florida Ku Klux Klan — Continued

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Orange

Apopka

] Ocoee . -

West Orange Sportsman's Lodge
No. 7-3.

Sherwood Club No. 7-2.

Hillsborough

Highlands

Brevard

Pasco

Orlando

Plant City

Sebring

Melbourne

Dade City

The 7-1 Club.

East Hillsborough Sportsman's

Club.
Imperial Club No. 27-1.
Melbourne Klavern.
Confederate Club No. 38.

Knights of the Ku Klux Klan

Pinellas,

Oldsmar.

Militant Knights of the Ku Klux Klan

Duval

Jacksonville

Unit No. 1.

Mr. Manuel. That completes the listing of the Kkverns in the
State of Florida.

The next State the committee staff would like to cover is that of
Alabama.

(Maps of Alabama shown on slides. See Committee Exhibits
Nos. 40 through 43, pp. 1576-1579.)

Mr, Manuel. Again starting out with the United Klans of America,
the committee investigation has revealed these Klavems exist as shown
on the map in the counties indicated.

Calling your attention to the city of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, this is
the headquarters of the United Klans of America (Exhibit No. 40).

In Alabama also is a Klavern of the National Knights of the Ku
Klux Klan (Exhibit No. 41) .

The Chairman. That is not affiliated with the United Klans of
America ?

Mr. Manuel. No, sir. It is a separate Klan group. This is a Kla-
vern of the Improved Order of U.S. Klans, which the committee in-
vestigation has revealed was in existence in the period 1964 to the
present, and they also have two other Klaverns in Bullock County
(Exhibit No. 42).

^ Also in t^he State of Alabama, in Anniston, is a Klavern of the Dixie
Klans, which I have previously identified as having its headquarters
in Chattanooga, Tennessee (Exhibit No. 43) .

This is a listing of the Klaverns of the United Klans of America,
with county, city, and cover name.

1576

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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1580

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Chart of UKA Klaverns in Alabama shown on slide. A list of the
Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 44]

State of Alabama — Klaverns of the United Klans of America, Inc.

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Lawrence

Moulton

Morgan

Decatur

De Kalb

Fort Payne

("Warrior

Fort Payne Klavern.

Jefferson

< Birmingham

Eastview Klavern No. 13.

[Bessemer

Bessemer Klavern No. 20; Also
Known as Young Men's Social
- Club.

Tuscaloosa

Tuscaloosa Klavern No. 5.

Marengo

("Linden.

\DemopoUs

Butler

Green viUe

Clarke

Jackson

Clarke-Washington Hunting & Fish-
ing Club.

Etowah

Gadsden

Montgomery

Montgomery (2)

Lawrence Lodge No. 610; Confeder-
ate Den No. 11.

Mr. Manuel. And the other Klan groups which are located in
the State, the Improved Order, the county, city, and its cover name ;
the Dixie Klans; and the National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

(Chart of Klaverns of other Alabama Klan groups shown on slide.
A list of these Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 45]

State of Alabama — Continued — Improved Order of U.S. Klans

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Perry

Bullock

Heiberger

Union Springs (2)

U.S. Klavern No. 33.

Dixie Klans, Inc. — Knights of the Ku Klux Klan

Calhoim

Anniston

National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc.

Cherokee

Centre

Mr. Manuel. The next State the staff would like to cover is the
State of Mississippi, shown as follows on these maps.

(Maps of Mississippi shown on slides. See Committee Exhibits
Nos. 46 and 47, pp. 1581, 1582.)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1581

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1582

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1583

Mr. Manuel. In Mississippi there are two main groups, two main
Klan organizations in existence at this time.

The red dots show the locations of Klavenis of the Uiiiited Klans
of Ajnerica in the limits of the respective counties in which they are
located (Exhibit No. 46).

The next Klan group, previously identified by Mr. Appell as an
independent Klan group, operating solely in the State of Mississippi,
is the Wliite Knights of the Ku Klux Klan and their Klavem loca-
tions, the committee investigation has shown, are as follows in the
counties in which they are located (Exhibit No. 47) .

Here is a separate listing of the United Klans of America Klaverns,
showing county, city or town, and designation.

(Charts of UKA Klaverns in Mississippi shown on slides. A list
of these Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 48]
State of Mississippi — Klaverns of the United Klatis of America, Inc.

County

Adams.
Pike...

Lincoln

Walthall....
Lawrence...

Jones

Wayne

Pearl River.

Clarke

Rankin

Madison

Yazoo

Sharkey

Washington.

Holmes

Leake

Neshoba

Kemper

Lauderdale.

Lowndes

Lee

Tippah

Webster

City or Town

Natchez..
McComb.

Brookhaven.

Improve

Jayess

Laurel

fMcNeill

\Picayune

Quitman

fPuckett

\Brandon

Canton

Yazoo City.-

/RoUing Fork.

\Delta City...

Greenville

Durant

Carthage

Philadelphia .

De Kalb

Meridian

Columbus

Tupelo

Ripley

fMathiston...

\Eupora

Klavern Name and Designation

Adams County Civic & Betterment
Association No. 719.

McComb Klavern No. 700; Also
Known as South Pike Marksman-
ship Association.

Brookhaven Klavern No. 701.

Wayne County Unit.

Pearl River County Unit No. 702.

Rankin County Klavern No. 703
Rankin County Unit No. 726.

Meridian Unit No. 720.

Mr. IVIanuel. And following is a listing of the White Knights of
the Ku Klux Klan, which exists only in the State of Mississippi. That
is as follows.

1584

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Charts of Klavems of the "Wliite Knights of the KKK, Mississippi,
shown on slides. A list of these Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 49]

State of Mississippi — Continued — White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of

Mississippi

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

AHams

Natchez ..

f Meadville

Frankhn

Lincoln

\Bunkley Community.
Brookhaven

Bogue Chitto Unit.

Copiah

fCrystal Springs

\Wesson.

Copiah Rod & Gun Club Klavern.

Lawrence

Monticello

Walthall

Salem

Marion

Columbia

Jeflferson Davis

Prentiss

Covington

("Mount Olive

^Collins

LHot Coffee

fLaurel

The Bogue Homa Hunting & Fishing

Jones -

<EllisviUe (2)

Club.

Forrest. -

ISoso

Hattiesburg

The Wolf Pack Unit.

Pearl River

Harrison

Crossroads

Gulf Dort

Pearl River Gun & Rod Club.

Jackson _ _ _

Pascagoula

fPolkville

Smith

iRaleieh . .. -.

Rankin _

Brandon _

fForest Hill ...

Hinds

I Jackson (3)

Warren

Vicksburg-

f SebastoDol ...

Scott.

\Morton . _.

Newton

Newton County Unit.

Lauderdale .

Meridian . . .

Meridian Klavern.

Neshoba __

Philadelphia.. _ .

Leake . _

Carthage

Yazoo _ - _-

Yazoo City ._

Sharkey .

Rolling Fork

Greenville

Washington..

Leflore.. _.

Greenwood _

Bolivar .

Shaw .-._..

Montgomery

Winona . .

Webster .

Mantee .- - .

Chickasaw

Woodlajid

Mr. Manuel. The next State the staff would like to cover is the
State of Louisiana.

(Maps of Louisiana shown on slides. See Committee Exhibits Nos.
50 through 52, pp. 1585-1587.)

Mr. Manuel. The first Klan group we would like to introduce by
means of the red dots is the United Klans of America, who, up until
recently, confined their activities to the north central portion of the
State of Louisiana (Exhibit No. 50).

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1585

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1587

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1588

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

As previously identified, by Mr. Appell, anotlier organization exists,
mainly in the State of Louisiana, known as the Original Knights of the
Ku Klux Klan, and the locations of their Klaverns, as far as the com-
mittee investigation has determined, is shown on the map by means of
these purple dots (Exhibit No. 51).

The committee investigation has shown that as far as the Original
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan are concerned, there are three factions
within this group, which will later be brought out, and the group
whose name is the Anti-Commmiist Christian Association, as pre-
viously identified by Mr. Appell, is located mostly in the Sixth Con-
gressional District of the State of Louisiana.

Another fact I wish to bring out is that recently the portion of the
Original Knights which operated in the area of Monroe, Louisiana,
and included most of this group, has recently, according to committee
investigation, gone over to the United Klans of America.

If you want to superimpose this, we can establish that most of these
now are Klans of the United Klans of America,

The Chairman. I notice you don't have any dots in the Third Con-
gressional District, which is mine.

Mr. Manuel. We didn't find any dots [Klaverns] in the Third
Congressional District, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. Nor any individuals.

Mr. Manuel. And to finish off the State of Louisiana, there are two
Klaverns of the National Knights previously identified at Ouachita
and Shreveport, shown on the map (Exhibit No. 52).

Again, here is an individual listing that the cominittee investigation
has determined. It is shown with the parish, the city or town, the
Klavern name, and designation of the United Klans.

(Chart of UKA Klaverns in Louisiana shown on slide. A list of
these Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit Xo. 53]
State of Louisiana — Klaverns of the United Klans of America, Inc.

Parish

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Claiborne

Lincoln

Junction City

fDubach

Junction City Sportsmans Club.

\Ruston

T 1 —

f Jonesboro _ _

Jackson

\ Chatham

Chatham Hunting & Fishing Club.

Ouachita

fCalhoun _. _

\Monroe_

Monroe Hunting & Fishing Club.

rFarmerville.

Union

< Marion

Marion Hunting & Fishing Club.
Bernice Sportsmans Club.
New Orleans Klavern.

[Bcrnice

Orleans

New Orleans

Mr. Manuel. Going to the organization known as the Original
Knights, of which there are three factions, and consolidating them
under one heading, we have the identities by parish, city and town,
and Klavern designation.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1589

(Chart of Klaverns in Louisiana of Original Knights shown on
slide. A list of these Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 54]
State of Louisiana — Continued — Original Knights of the Ku Klux Klan

Parish

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Concordia

fVidalia

\Morville. -_ -

fFranklinton .

Washington

< Bogalusa

[Varnado . ._ .

/'Bush... - -

Bush Hunting & Fishing Club No.
1055.

Covington..

St. Tammany

1 Pearl River

Pearl River Hunting & Fishing Lodge
No. 1028.

Folsom..

Tangipahoa

Jefferson

East Baton
Rouge.

Calcasieu

Rapides

Grant

T/a, Salle

Franklin

Madison

Ouachita

Livingston

Bossier

Amite

Kenner

Baton Rouge

Lakes Charles

Alexandria

Pollock

Jena

Winnsboro

Tallulah

f Swartz

\ Ouachita

Denham Springs

Bossier City

Christian Constitutional Crusaders.

Mr. Manuel. And the third group in Louisiana, the National
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, is located as follows on this chart.

( Chart of National Knights Klaverns in Louisiana shown on slide.
A list of these Klaverns follows :)

[Committee Exhibit No. 55]
State of Louisiana — Continued — National Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc.

Parish

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Caddo

Red River

Shreveport

Coushatta

Mr. Manuel. The next State which will be covered by this pres-
entation is the State of Arkansas.

(Maps of Arkansas shown on slides. See Committee Exhibits Nos.
56and57,pp. 1590, 1591.)

1590

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1591

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1592

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Manuel. Committee investigation has revealed that recently
the United Klans of America has appointed a Grand Dragon for the
State of Arkansas who operates in the vicinity of Strong, Arkansas.
And committee investigation has revealed that three Klaverns of the
United Klans of America exist in the State of Arkansas in the areas
designated on the map (Exhibit No. 56) .

Also in the State of Arkansas, previously identified by Mr. Appell,
is an organization known as the Association of Arkansas Klans.
Committee investigation has found that they have two Klaverns in
the State, one located at Pine Bluff, Arkansas, and the other at Tex-
arkana (Exhibit No. 57).

A separate listing of the Klaverns of Arkansas is as follows in the
cities listed. The one at Strong, Arkansas, is the State headquarters
of the UKA in that State.

(Chart of Klaverns in two Klan groups in Arkansas shown on slide.
A list of these Klaverns follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 58]

State of Arkansas — Klaverns of the United KMns of America, Inc.

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

JeflFerson

Pine BluflF . . .

Union .

fEl Dorado

\Strong

Association of Arkansas Klans

JeflFerson

Pine BluflF

MiUer

Texarkana

Mr. Manuel. The next State the committee staff would like to cover
is the State of Texas, where committee investigation has found that
recently there has been some activity on the part of the United Klans
of America, ha-vin^ established a State headquarters in the area of
Houston, Texas, with two separate Klaverns being noted in this area
and one also in Dallas, Texas.

(Map of Texas shown on slide. See Exhibit No. 59, p. 1593.)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1593

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1594 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Manuel. A listing of these Klaverns is as follows for the State
of Texas.

(Chart of UK A Klaverns in Texas shown on slide. A list of these
follows:)

[Committee Exhibit No. 60]

State of Texas — Klaverns of the United Klans of America, Inc.

County

City or Town

Klavern Name and Designation

Dallas

Harris

Dallas

Houston

Mr. Manuel. Mr. Chairman, with the conclusion of the map and the
other exhibits on the State of Texas, this concludes the presentation
of the individual States.

However, there is one final exhibit which I would like to show to the
committee showing the areas of influence. There are other States
which were not shown on the maps in which committee investigation
has revealed some activity on the part of the United Klans.

I would -like to explain this, if I may.

(Map delineating KKK's area of influence shown on slide. See
Committee Exhibit No. 61, p. 1595.)

Mr. Manuel. On the Vu-graph you see a map of the eastern half of
the United States, and although Mr. Appell has gone over this in some
detail, I would like to point out that the United Klans of America has
established headquarters in each of the following States, in addition
to the States that I have gone over separately with the maps.

They have now headquarters in the State of Pemisylvania, one in
Delaware, a headquarters in New York, a headquarters in the State of
Ohio, one in Indiana, and one in Wisconsin.

The identity and headquarters of these State realm divisions are
shown as follows :

For the State of Alabama, it has its headquarters in Bessemer, Ala-
bama, the Grand Dragon previously identified as Robert Creel;
Georgia, headquarters in Atlanta, the Grand Dragon, Calvin Craig;
Mississippi, headquarters located in Natchez, Mississippi, the Grand
Dragon, Edward McDaniel; Louisiana, headquarters in Jonesboro,
of the UKA, the Grand Dragon being James Edwards; in Florida,
the headquarters is Jacksonville and the Grand Dragon is Donald
Cothran; South Carolina has its UKA headquarters in Spartanburg
and its Grand Dragon is Robert Scoggin ; North Carolina, headquar-
ters in Granite Quarry, and its Grand Dragon is J. R. Jones; in the
State of Virginia, to the best of the committee's information, at this
time they have not established a definite State headquarters. How-
ever, its Grand Dragon is Marshall R. Kornegay. The Realm of
Tennessee has its headquarters in Maryville, Tennessee, and its Grand
Dragon is Raymond Anderson. The State of Arkansas has its head-
quarters in Strong, Arkansas, and its Grand Dragon is George Mc-
Neely. Tlie State of Texas has its headquarters in Houston and its
Grand Dragon is George Otto. The State of Ohio has its headquar-
ters in Colmnbus, Ohio, and its Grand Dragon is Flymi Harvey. The

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1595

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1596 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

State of Delaware has its headquarters in south Wilmin^on and its
Grand Dragon, at this time, is Ealph Pryor. The State of New York
has its headquarters in Queens, and its Grand Dragon is Daniel Burros.
Tlie State of Wisconsin has its headquarters in Madison, and John P.
Eeading is the Grand Dragon of that realm. The State of Pennsyl-
vania is headquartered in Reading, Pennsylvania, and its Grand
Dragon is Roy Frankhouser. Finally, the Realm of Indiana, located
at Greenfield, Indiana, with its Grand Dragon being an individual
named Claude Parnell.

This final sheet will indicate an area of influence of the United
Klans of America ranging through the Southeastern States. I want
to make this point clear, that the organizations in the Northeastern
States whose maps I did not show individually, committee investiga-
tion has shown, are recent attempts on the part of the UKA to estab-
lish headquarters and gain membership in momentum in these north-
eastern areas.

To the committee's knowledge, there is not sufficient membership at
this time, in some cases, to establish what would be an organization
compared to other parts of the country.

That, Mr. Chairman, concludes the presentation of these particular
exhibits.

The Chairman. Mr. Appell, would you resume the stand, please?

TESTIMONY OF DONALD T. APPELL— Resumed

The Chairman, Would you flash back the slide on the Independent
Klan Organizations?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I will cover all of them, but there is one
thing I think of interest to the committee that I should point out. The
Wliite Knights of the Ku Klux Klan in Mississippi grew out of a
split within the Original Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of Louisiana,
which, in 1963, formed a realm in the State of Mississippi.

There was a leadership struggle or a disagreement with leadership,
as happens so often in the Klan, and this realm membership, which
was about 200 in Mississippi, broke away from the Original Knights
and they formed the Wliite Knights of the Ku Klux Klan. This was
the only Ku Klux Klan organization in Mississippi until around
July of 1964, when one of the leaders of the White Knights was ap-
pointed Grand Dragon of the UKA. And since that time there have
been niunerous defections from the White Knights into the UKA.

This Anti-Communist Christian Association — this group was also
a part of the Original Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, which was basi-
cally a Louisiana organization. After the split in leadershij) — this
group split once — it split again, and with the second split the gi*oup
in the Sixth Congressional District went independent.

The group which was located up around Monroe and the Shreve-
port areas chartered themselves as what was known as the Original
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc. Tlieir purpose was
to try to get all of these Klan groups together under their head. But
they failed, and within the last several weeks the Knights of the Ku
Klux Klan of America, Inc., went, almost en masse, into the UKA.

Then there is the Association of Arkansas Klans, which Mr. Manuel
has dealt with, the Militant Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of Florida,

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1597

origin of just a few montlis ago, and finally the one-man Klan, the
Mississippi Knights of the Kn Klux Klan, located down in Biloxi.

Is this clear, Mr. Chairman?

The Chairman. Yes.

Mr. Appell. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman. Mr. Manuel, I think you wanted to address your-
self to this other map ?

Mr. Manuel. Yes, Mr. Chairman, I wanted to call your attention
and that of the committee to the map on the wall in back of the com-
mittee.

On this map has been compiled all of the Klaverns and their loca-
tions in specific cities which I have shown in this series of exhibits.

The Chairman. It is a composite map?

Mr. Manuel. Yes, sir ; showing all the Klan groups and their loca-
tions in the area in which the committee has worked.

On that composite map is listed all of the Klaverns which I have
shown on the screen.

The Chairman. Thank you very much.

I would like to take this occasion to express the appreciation of
the committee to the Tecnif ax Corporation for being so helpful to our
staif members in the preparation of these maps and slides which have
been exhibited. They have done, in my opinion — and this is the first
time I have seen them — a very magnificent job and we certainly want
to thank the Tecnif ax Corporation for their great contribution to these
hearings.

After consultmg with the members, I intend to adjourn for lunch.

Mr. Pool, would you care to say anything?

Mr. Pool. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

I think in the very short time that the committee staff had to work
on this, in their investigative work, and I had a lot of experience
in that during World War II — you usually need a long time to really
get into the facts — I think in the very short time that this committee
staff has had to work on this that they have done an excellent job.
They have made a very thorough investigation.

I think the hearings to come will show that the background and
history they have given here this morning are very excellent.

I want to make one other comment, that some people have said that
you shouldn't have an investigation because you might even increase
the membership of the Klan by having it, by giving them publicity.
But in view of the maps that we have seen here and the widespread
membership, I think certainly that this thing has been increasing in
membership and that we certainly should look into it and Congress
should be informed of this.

That is the work of this committee, to get the facts. And then if
legislation is needed, we will see al)out that, too.

Thank you.

The Chairman. Mr. Weltner?

Mr. Weltner. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

I have been very interested in this investigation and I am convinced
that the matters to come forth as a result of this will be of great in-
terest to the South and to the people of the South.

I join my colleague, Mr. Pool, in commending our staff. I think they
have done a particularly outstanding duty. It has not been easy; it

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1 6

1598 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

has not been pleasant. But they have given it their entire time and
attention.

I simply wish to say that these hearings will fully justify the de-
cision made by the House Committee on Un-American Activities on
March 30 to proceed with this most important inquiry.

The Chairman. Mr. Ashbrook?

Mr. Ashbrook. Thank you, Mr. Chairman. I will associate myself
with what has been said. But I would like to make one additional
point. The House Committee on Un-American Activities, of course,
is a different committee, dealing with hostile subjects. It may seem
that this was a little tedious, a little drawn out. But those of us who
have been associated with this for about 10 months now realize that
we have merely scratched the surface.

Our committee has but one real means of determining the facts and
deducing information. Because we deal with hostile subjects —
whether they be communism, travel to Cuba, or the Ku Klux Klan —
we have to develop, through thorough investigation, the information
for our committee. This is done by firsthand reports. It is done by
conferring with other agencies of the Government, such as (he FBI.

In the case of the Ku Klux Klan, as in previous investigations, it
will be based on bit-by-bit piecing-together of all the parts as we
gather them. This requires a lot of work.

There has been 10 months of hard work that has already gone into
this investigation, and only those of us who have been intimately
connected with it have any realization of the thousands of hours of
work which have gone into the staff preparation to this point. Ac-
tuall}^, the chairman has stated there are 20,000 man-hours which have
gone into this work. As in the past, we will develop the record bit by
bit, piece by piece, on the basis of concrete, provable information.

I point this out because sometimes it has been alleged that we were
dragging our feet. It took 10 full months before we could reach this
point. I certainly commend the staff. There is no question in my
mind on the basis of the information that I have seen to date that we
are going to be able to present this in a proper perspective, and we
are going to be able to show the need for remedial legislation.

I hope that as the months drag out — and I am afraid this will run
into months — we will recognize that in bringing forth testimony
sometimes it will seem tedious, sometimes it will seem trivial.

This committee has been very successful in the past in developing
information, developing the whole picture on a piece-by-piece, bit-
by-bit technique. As a matter of fact, again dealing with the hostile
subject, this is the only way we have been able to do it.
Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. Mr. Buchanan ?

Mr. Buchanan. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

I want to join with the others in saying how much I appreciate this
thorough and excellent job done by the investigative staff.

My interest in this investigation is that of one who loves the
South and its people and who understands that, while the South is not
inhabited by angels, it is inhabited by people who are law-abiding
Americans and who, in overwhelming majority, deplore acts of vio-
lence or terrorism. The people who have been guilty of the commis-

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1599

sion of such acts are, in fact, the greatest enemies to the people of the
South.

I want to underline, therefore, Mr. Chairman, both as a Southerner
and as a member of this committee, something you said a few moments
ago when you were introducing this hearing or beginning it — that
he who has nothing to hide has nothing to fear.

We are not here to convict or prosecute people. We are here to
get the truth and to follow the truth wherever it may lead us and
to draw conclusions from that truth. Therefore, unless a man has
something to hide from the Congress or the American people or from
even the rank-and-file members of the Klan organization, he has
nothing to fear or no reason to hesitate in giving testimony before
this committee. Only those who have something to hide or to fear
stand hesitant to let the full light of truth be cast upon their activities.
This is true of the members of the Klans as of any other outfit.

So, as a Southerner and as a member of this committee, I am glad
to be a part, of this investigation and feel we are doing something not
only for the Nation but for the South in conducting it.

The CHALRMAisr. Though not a member of the subconunittee yet
equally interested, Mr. Ichord, from Missouri.

We appoint subcommittees for convenience, because of the necessity
for a quorum at all times. But the full committee members are all
interested in this work.

Mr. Ichord.

Mr. Ichord. Mr. Chairman, I would like to take this opportunity
to commend the staff and the subcommittee for the very obvious
extensive and thorough work which the staff and the subcommittee
have done in bringing about these public hearings.

I know that the subcommittee has spent many hours in executive
hearings, which is required by the niles of the House and by the rules
of this committee before public hearings can be held.

I compliment the staff and the committee for the work that you
have done. I am very interested in seeing just what these public hear-
ings develop.

The Chaieman. And from the West, Mr. Senner, of Arizona.

Mr. Senner. Mr. Chairman, the hour is late. I will not add too
much to the record, other than to say that I join my colleagues in
their remarks today.

The Chairman. The committee will stand in recess imtil 1 :30.

(Members present at time of recess: Representatives Willis, Pool,
Weltner, Ashbrook, and Buchanan, of the subcommittee, and also
Representatives Ichord and Senner.)

(Wliereupon, at 12 noon, Tuesday, October 19, 1965, the subcom-
mittee recessed, to reconvene at 1 :30 p.m. the same day.)

AFTERNOON SESSION— TUESDAY, OCTOBER 19, 1965

(The subcommittee reconvened at 1 :30 p.m., Hon. Edwin E. Willis,
chairman, presiding.

(Members present: Representatives Willis, Pool, Weltner, and
lUichanan, of the subcommittee, and also Representative Senner.)

The Chairman. The subcommittee will please come to order.

Let me say that the subcommittee appreciates the attitude and
decorum of the audience, our guests. We welcome you here and we
are glad to have you.

1600 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

I wish to state that the general counsel of this committee is Mr. Wil-
liam Hitz, who, for some 30 years before he became attached to the
committee some time ago, was connected with the Department of Jus-
tice here in Washington. Mr, Hitz is an outstanding attorney, and it
had been anticipated that he would conduct the interrogation, or most
of it, anyway. But a couple of weeks ago he was told by his physi-
cian to take it easy for a couple of weeks.

He is with us, immediately to my left and in front of me, and will be
with us during the hearings, but will not take the burden, the chief
burden, of examining the witnesses. Instead, the witnesses, for the
most part, will be interrogated by Mr. Appell and Mr. Manuel.

As a matter of fact, Mr. Appell is an old hand at that — at inter-
rogating witnesses. Furthermore, up until some years ago it was the
custom of this committee, as it is with many others, to have a lay
member of the staff do the interrogation. Mr. Appell has done that
innumerable times in the last few years in executive sessions and very
frequently in open sessions prior to that.

So with that, Mr. Appell, will you please call your first witness ?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call Mr. Robert M.
Shelton.

The Chairman. The news media will please desist.

Please raise your right hand, sir.

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give
will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help
you God ?

Mr. Shelton. I will affirm. I won't swear, but I will affirm.

The Chairman. IVhat is that?

Mr. Shelton. I said not swear, but to affirm.

The Chairman. You do not swear, but you do affirm. I have to
propose a different oath.

Do you affirm, having declined to swear, that you will tell the truth,
the whole tmth, and nothing but the trutli in these hearings?

Mr. Shelton. I do.

TESTIMONY OF ROBERT MARVIN SHELTON, ACCOMPANIED BY
COUNSEL, LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, will you state your full name for the
record, please?

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Chairman, I am Lester V.

The Chairman. We will develop that. That is introductory.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, will you state your full name for the
record, please?

Mr. Shelton, Robert Marvin Shelton.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Shelton. I am, sir,

Mr. Appell. Will counsel please identify himself for the record?

Mr. Chalmers, Lester V, Chalmers, Jr., from North Carolina, a
member of the North Carolina Bar.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, when and where were you born?

Mr. Shelton. Tuscaloosa, Alabama, in June of 1929.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton

The Chairman. At this point, I wish to do what I did this morning.
It is customary. You heard me say this morning that imder the

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1601

rules of the House the function of the news media, specifically the TV
and radio, and photograph-taking, was limited, under the rules of the
House, and that under the rules of the House the audience, of course,
was required to keep good order and decoiaim.

(At this point Representative Ashbrook entered the hearing room.)
The Chairman. I want to read the rules of the committee w4iich, of
course, carries out the rules of the House, with respect to the function
of counsel before this committee.

[A] At every hearing, public or executive, every witness shall he accorded the
privilege of having counsel of his own choosing.

[B] The participation of counsel during the course of any hearing and while
the witness is testifying shall be limited to advising said witness as to his
legal rights. Counsel shall not be permitted to engage in oral argument with
the Committee, but shall confine his activity to the area of legal advice to his
client.

Sir, I read that to you not with any thought that I expect or sup-
pose or have a notion that you will do otherwise, but we must proceed
according to the rules of the House, and I am carrying them out.

Thank you very much.

By the way, we now have another member of our full committee
here, Mr. Del — Congressman Del Clawson.

We are glad to have you, Del.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, are you appearing before the committee
this afternoon in accordance with a subpena served upon you by a
United States marshal on October 11, 1965?

Mr. Shelton. Yes, somewhere in the neighborhood of that date.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, I hand you a document, a copy of a
document, which the committee obtained from the secretary of
state's office of the State of Georgia. It is entitled "Certified State-
ment for Annual Registration of a Corporation." It is dated Sep-
tember 15, 1964. The name of the corporation is set forth on the
registration statement and is the "Invisible Empire United Klans
Knights Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc.," signed "Robert M. Shel-
ton," president, dated September 10, 1964.

I ask you to look at this document, sir, and to answer whether or
not this is a copy of a document filed by you ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, is this question directed to me as an individual
or is it directed to me as an officer of a corporation ?

Mr. Appell. It is directed to you, as the document implies, as
president of that corporation.

Mr. Shelton. Could I talk to my counsel, please ?

Mr. Appell. Surely.

(Witness confers witli counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to deliver to this com-
mittee any and all records as requested by this committee under
subpena dated October 7, 1965

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton

Mr. Shelton. — for that information is not relevant and germane
to the subject under investigation, and the same will not aid the
Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor
is such inquiry Avithin the scope of that authorized to be investigated
by Rule XI of the Rules Committee, adopted, by the 89th Congress,
or House Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 1" follows:)

1602 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 1

OFFICE OF SECI^ETARY OF STATE m

the one page of photographed printed matter hereto attached
is a true and correct copy of the last statement for annual
registration filed in this office by INVISIBLE: EMPIRE UNITED
KLANS KNIGHTS KU KLUX KLAN OF AMERICA, INC. on the 15th day
of September, 1964, as the same appears of file and record
in this of f ite. — ■ ■ —

-Ij* Testimony Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand
and affixed the seal of office, at the Capitol, in the City of
Atlanta, this 23rd day of April, in the year

of our Lord One Thousand Nine Hundred and Sixty
Five and of the Independence of the United States

of America tKe)One Hundred and Eighty- ninth.

Jm^W.

<:3itr^

Secretary of State, Ex-OfficIo Corporation
Commissioner of the State of Georgia.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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1604 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairman. This document, as I understand, was not ordered
to be produced here under subpena. Is that right, Mr. Appell ?

Mr. Appell, I have only asked liim whether this was a document,
a copy of a document, which he filed with the secretary of state of
Georgia. I have not asked for the production of any documents
called for by his subpena, sir.

The Chairman. Thus far.

Mr. Appell. Thus far; 3^es, sir.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. I would like to call your attention to the scope of
the investigation, as declining to deliver to the committee any records,
documentations or otherwise, material requested by this committee
under subpena dated October 7, 1965, for that information is not
relevant or germane, to the subject under investigation, and the same
would not aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid legisla-
tion, nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be
investigated by Rule XI of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress or
by House Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I ask that the witness be directed to
answer the question.

The Chairman. Yes.

This document, the production and identification of this document,
is completely germane and proper to the subject under inquiry and
is part of the necessary material required to perform our duties in
this investigation.

I, therefore, order and direct you to answer the question.

Let me tell you why I do that, why I use those words, so you can
understand. You have counsel and you may take his advice. The
decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States indicate and
hold that when this committee concludes or determines that an
answer to a question is j)roper that, to be perfectly frank about it,
if the subject may result in a citation for contempt, that the witness
must be directed to answer the question.

In other words, it is, in effect, a warning.

Mr. Witness, you are on thin ice. Your refusal to answer that
question may lead to contempt citation. I will not have to repeat
that over and over again, that there may be further implications.

Therefore, I order and direct you to answer that question,

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me under
the amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United
States of America.

The Chairman. Are you now specifically invoking the privileges
of the fifth amendment ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I am invoking the privileges of the 5th amend-
ment, the 1st amendment, the 4th amendment, and the 14th amend-
ment of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Wliy ?

Mr, Shelton, I decline to answer that question for the reason
that I honestly feel that it might tend to incriminate me in violation
of my rights, as is so stipulated and guaranteed to me in amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1605

The Chairman. Do you honestly believe that to answer this
simple question as to whether, in effect, you certified to the secretary
of state or some other official in Georgia that you were president of
a corporation would subject you to criminal prosecution, would tend
to incriminate you ?

Mr. Shelton. Again I respectively decline to answer that ques-
tion for the reasons previously stated, because it is my honest and
sincere feeling that my answer might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed to me under the amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14th of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chaikman. In view of the invocation of the fifth amendment,
and your repeating it after I asked you if you honestly felt that it
might tend to incriminate you, you, of course, are on solid ground.
That is to say with respect to the invocation.

Mr, Appell. Mr. Shelton, I hand you

The Chairjsian. That does not mean that you are not going to be
questioned on all the things you were going to be questioned on, even
with that answer.

Go on.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, I hand you a copy of a document ob-
tained from the Office of Secretary of State, which is a charter
application executed the 21st day of February 1961, with the incor-
porators listed in the document as Robert Day, George Sligh, William
A. Daniel, Sr., and M. Wesley Morgan, Sr.

I ask you if this is the original incorporation paper of the organiza-
tion with which you are now affiliated?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, again, is this question directed to me as an in-
dividual, or is it directed to me as an officer of a corporation ?

Mr. Appell. It is directed to you as the president of the corporation,

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. May I further confer with my counsel, please?

The Chairman. You may.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel that any answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me under
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 2." This exhibit
will be reproduced in a forthcoming report on Klan organizations.)

The Chairman. Now ask him the question as an individual.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, with respect to the first document, you
asked whether I asked you as an individual or in your corporate
capacity, and also with respect to the second document, and I specifi-
cally directed it to your position as a corporate officer.

Now let me ask you again with respect to you as an individual and
the document filed with the secretary of state, the annual registration
certificate.

Did you as an individual file it ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel that any answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by

1606 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Now with respect to the second document I handed
you, I ask you whether or not that is the charter of an organization
which you, as an individual, now head ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel that any answer that I might
give would tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as
guaranteed to me under amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitu-
tion of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, I now hand you a document, which is
headed "Constitution And Laws Of The United Klans Of America,
Inc., Knights Of The KuKlux Klan."

I ask whether or not this is the constitution of an organization which
you now head ?

Mr. Shelton. Could I refer to my counsel, please ?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

(At this point Representative Ichord entered the hearing room.)

The Chairman". IVhat is the pending question ?

Mr. Appell. IVliether or not that is the Constitution and Laws of
the order, sir.

The Chahiman. That is a very simple question, Mr. Shelton. You
have been fiddling with that book for a long time. I order and direct
you to answer that question.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question for
the reasons that I honestly feel that any answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 3." This exhibit
will be reproduced in a forthcoming report on Klan organizations.)

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr. Appell. May I have the document ?

The Chairman. Proceed. Ask the next question.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, this document states on its face "As
amended, ratified and approved by the Imperial Kloncilium at
Birmingham, Alabama, September, 1964."

The inside face of the back cover is imprinted, "By Proclamation
of The Imperial Wizard, Robert M. Shelton," signed with a repro-
duced signature of Robert M. Shelton, "Imperial Wizard."

I would like to ask you, sir, whether or not that is your signature ?

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, is this question directed to me as an individual
or is it directed to me as an officer of a corporation ?

Mr. Appell. In both capacities.

The Chairman. Both.

Mr, Shelton. I respectively decline to answer that question for the
reasons that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Do you feel that a proclamation signed by yourself
as the Imperial Wizard incriminates you ?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1607

Mr. SiirxTON. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as is guaranteed to me by the
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

The Chairman. You are invoking your constitutional privileges,
but I feel, and I suppose the committee does, too, that this is incredible.

Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, did this document supersede a constitu-
tion and laws or manual put into effect when the organization was
formed in July of 1961 ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, is this question directed to me as an individual
or is it directed to me as an officer of the corporation ?

The Chairman. Let me ask you — ^maybe you have some kind of
distinction that I don't catch — why do you ask that question ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason my answer might tend to incriminate me in violation
of my rights as guaranteed to me under the amendments No. 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. The committee cannot tolerate applauses or dem-
onstrations, pro or con, in these hearings.

Let me say this is serious with me. I was trying to be fair with you.
I have been a lawyer for 39 years. Maybe I miss the point.

Are you drawing a distinction? You are asking us to explain in
what capacity we are questioning you. I thought I had missed the
point.

Mr. Appell. The subpena served upon you by a United States
marshal on October 11, 1965, called upon you to produce, and I will
quote from the subpena attachment :

All books, records, documents, corresx)ondeuce and memoranda relating to
the organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible Em-
pire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of Ajnerica, Inc., also known
as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and aflaiiated
organizations, namely the Alabama Rescue Service, United Klansmen of America,
Whiteman's Defense Fund, Christian News Service, in your possession, custody
control, or maintained by or available to you as Imperial Wizard of the Invisible
Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known
as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

That is part 1, Mr. Chairman, and I would like to ask for a produc-
tion of those documents at this time, sir.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. I respectively decline to deliver to this committee
any and all records as requested by this committe mider subpena
dated October 7, 1965, for that information is not relevant nor germane
to the subject under investigation, and the same would not aid the
Congress in the consideration of any valid legislation or in any such
inquiry within the scope of that authorized to \ye investigated by
Rule XI of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

The Chairman. I order and direct you to answer that question.
Let me say, before the order, that the position of this committee is
that these documents called for are very relevant, very pertinent,
very appropriate and essential in connection with this investigation
and, therefore, I overrule your refusal to respond to the subpena.

1608 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

So I order and direct you to answer that question.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to turn over to this com-
mitte any records under subpena for the reason that I honestly feel
that any material that I might turn over would tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me mider the amend-
ments No. 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, do you refuse

The Chairman-. Wait a second.

As I understand, Mr. Appell, these documents that are being
ordered to be produced by that subpena, are being ordered to be pro-
duced by him as president of the corporation and as Imperial Wizard
of that organization ; is that correct ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Mr. Appell, your answer to my question is in the
affirmative ; is that correct ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. All right.

Now, Mr. Shelton, this subpena is an order for you to produce
documents in your possession in the capacity of president, as well as
Imperial AVizard, of your organization. This has nothing to do with
your refusal to answer a question. This is an order to produce docu-
ments pursuant to a subpena duces tecum. Of course, the fifth
amendment invocation is improper under these circumstances.

Furthermore, and for other reasons, why the invocation is improper
is when documents are ordered to be produced before a court or before
a committee, the court or the committee has a right to inspect those
documents and find out more about their contents, their pertinency,
their scope and nature and so forth.

Therefore, your invocation of the fifth amendment the Chair rules
improper, and you are now^ ordered and directed to produce the
docmnents requested and demanded by the subpena in the capacity
I have described.

(Witness confers with comisel.)

Mr. Appell. There is a direction to you, Mr. Shelton.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to turn over any records,
books, or materials so subpenaed for the reason that I honestly feel
that any material turned over might tend to incriminate me in viola-
tion of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14
of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, at the hour of 1 :25 o'clock p.m. on the
11th day of October 1965, when you were served, were you the
Imperial Wizard of the United Klans of America, Inc.. Knights of
theKu KluxKlan?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation or my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, part 2 of your subpena called for you to
produce :

All books, records, docmnents, correspondence, and memoranda in your
possession, custody or control, or maintained by or available to you, in your

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1609

capacity as Imi>erial Wizard of the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the
Ku Klux Klan, which the "Constitution and Laws" of said organization authorize
and require to be maintained by you and any other officer of said organization, the
same being in your possession, custody or control.

Are you prepared to submit the documents called for by your
Constitution and Laws?

Mr. Shjeilton. Sir, I respectively decline to turn over any documents
under the listing of the subpena dated October 7, 1965, for the reason
that I honestly feel that any such material might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me under amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. AppelIj. Mr. Chairman, I ask that the witness be directed to
produce the documents called for by the Constitution and Laws.

The Chairman. I direct you to produce those documents.

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I decline to turn over any documents as listed
by the subpena of October 7, 1965, for I personally and honestly feel
that any material that I might turn over to the committee would tend
to incrhninat© me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
the amendments No. 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United
States of America.

The Chairman. The last question referred to documents requested
and ordered to be produced under part 2 of the subpena. You under-
stand that, do you, and my demand for production has to do with the
documents referred to in part 2 of the subpena?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel that any answer might tend to
incriminate m© in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. AsHBROOK. Mr. Chaimian, I am sure that the witness is very
proud to have committed such a long passage to memory. But to
facilitate the hearings I suggest we inform him of his ability to invoke
this by just referring to the grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Yes, I might explain that to counsel.

It is usual, or not unusual, let's put it, in cases of repeated invoca-
tion of the fifth amendment, instead of literally repeating all the words,
to say that he declines to answer on the grounds previously stated, if
he wants to. It is up to him.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

The Chairjman. I just made a suggestion. You can act the way
you want. I want to make it clear that the documents just referred
to, required to be produced under part 2 of the subpena which has
been sensed ujwn you, and you are being asked to produce them both
as president of the corporation and as Imperial Wizard of the United
Klans of America.

I just want to make the record clear. The subpena was directed
to you in that capacity, as president and Imperial Wizard.

If you understand that, you don't have to repeat the invocation,
but you may do it if you wish.

Do you understand that?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I decline to answer that question for the reason
that I honestly feel that the answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me under the amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

1610 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairman. Now, let me ask you this question : If the previous
questions that were posed to you before we reached the subpena had
been addressed to you not only as an individual and an official, but
also as an Imperial Wizard, would your answers have been the same ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that the answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairman. And I take it that the suggestion made a while
ago, that instead of going through this ritual of reading the paper
you have in front of you, that you might simply say that you declme
to answer for reasons previously stated, is declined by you; is that
correct ?

Mr. Shelton. I respectively decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me under amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Am I to understand that your reason for not fol-
lowing my suggestion is that in addition to your refusing to answer by
invoking repeatedly your privileges under the fifth amendment also
involves an attitude of delaying the proceedings ?

Mr. Pool. Mr. Chairman

The Chairman. Mr. Pool ?

Mr. Pool. Have you advised other Klansmen throughout the
country that they should not take the fifth amendment ?

Mr. Shelton. I respectively decline to answer that question for the
reasons that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights

Mr. Pool. It is all right for you to take the fifth-

Mr. Shelton. — as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14
of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Pool. In other words, it is all right for you to take the fifth
amendment, but thev shouldn't take it; they should come up and
testify ?

Mr. Shelton. I respectively decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel that the answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Pool. Well, is membership in the Ku Klux Klan considered by
you to be a membership that will incriminate you?

Mr. Shelton. I respectively decline to answer that question for the
reasons that I honestly feel that the answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Pool. All right, answer this question, if you will: Are you
ashamed to be a member of the Ku Klux Klan ?

Mr. Shelton. I respectively decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incriminate

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1611

me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Pool. And to that question — this is not a question but a state-
ment— to that question, then, you took the fifth amendment.

The Chairiman. All right, proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, part 3 of your subpena called for you to
produce :

Copies of unexecuted forms relating to applications for membership, applica-
tions and issuance of charters ; copies of Constitutions and By-Laws ; manuals ;
and unexecuted forms and documents used by Kligrapps (Imperial, Realm and
Klan or Klavern), and Klabees (Imperial, Realm and Klan or Klavern), Grand
Dragons (Realm), Kleagles (Imperial, Realm, Province, and Klan, or Klavern) ;
all of which are in your possession, custody or control, or available to you as
Imperial Wizard of the Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku
Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as the United Klans of America, Inc.,
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and its affiliated organizations, the Alabama
Rescue Service and United Klansmen of America, and which are used in connec-
tion with the business and affairs of said organizations.

I ask you to produce — I direct you to produce those documents.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to produce these docu-
ments called for under this subpena for the reason that I honestly
feel that these documents might tend to incriminate me in violation
of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of
the Constitution of the United States of America.

(At this point Mr. Ashbrook left the hearing room.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I ask for a direction for the witness
to produce the documents.

The Chairman. I order and direct you to produce those documents
for the reasons I have already indicated.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to produce these docu-
ments under question for the reason that I honestly feel that the
answer might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as
guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution
of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, part 4 of your subpena called upon you
to produce :

Copies of U.S. Treasury Department, Internal Revenue Service, Form 1120,
[which is titled] "U.S. Corporation Income Tax Return", for the fiscal years 1961
through June 30, 1965, filed by you as President and/or Imperial Wizard, United
Klans of America, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc., with the U.S. Treasury
Department, Internal Revenue Service.

I direct you to produce those documents.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to turn over these docu-
ments under subpena for the reason that I honestly feel that these
documents might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights
as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitu-
tion of the United States of America.

(At this point Mr. Ashbrook returned to the hearing room.)

The Chairman. That demand is made upon you as president of
the corporation, and as Imperial Wizard of the Klan. I order and
direct you to produce those documents pursuant to that subpena in
that capacity.

1612 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Shhlton. Sir, I respectively decline to produce these docu-
ments in question for the reason that I honestly feel they mio:ht tend
to incriminate me in violation of my rig:hts as guaranteed to me by
amendments, 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairman. Supplemental to the reasons on which I ruled that
your invocation is improper, I call to your attention, and to that of your
counsel, decisions of the courts holding that if pertinent to the investi-
gation, and this is pertinent, it is proper to subpena from the taxpayer
involved, or the president of the corporation, a copy of Federal income
tax returns. I wanted to make that clear.

That case is U.S. versus 0''Mara, 122 Fed. Supp. 399, and inci-
dentally, it was a contempt citation case, contempt before a committee
of Congress.

Proceed.

Mr. Appeix. Mr. Shelton, part 5 of your subpena attachment called
for you to to produce :

Copies of U.S. Treasury Department, Internal Revenue Service, Form 1040
[which is titled] "U.S. Individual Income Tax Return", for the calendar years
1958 tJirougli 1964, filed by you as an individual taxpayer with, the U.S. Treasury
Department, Internal Revenue Service.

I direct that you produce the documents at this time,

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to turn over this document
in question for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might
tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me
by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairman. I order and direct you to produce the documents.

Mr, Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to produce these documents
in question for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might
tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me
by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairman. Did you not, on October 14, 1965, in Hotel Stafford,
Tuscaloosa, tell our investigator, Mr. Louis Eussell, that you w^ould
not invoke the fifth amendment ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel that it might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Did you not, as late as yesterday, in the company
of the attorney next to you, call on the director of this committee,
Mr. Francis McNamara, and then and there tell him — ^both you and
your lawyer — that you would cooperate in every way possible with
this committee?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answ^er might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairman. And may I say that I am not in the least re-
proaching your legal coimsel's advice. I am seeking facts. I just
want to say that. I know it was just told to me that counsel had said

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1613

that he avouIcI, of course, have to protect the rights of liis client, or
Mords to that effect.

Mr. Chalmers. Yes.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, with the indulgence of the committee,
I would like to refer to the Constitution and Laws of the order and
those sections of the Constitution and Laws that places the responsi-
bility upon the LnjDerial Wizard to do certain things and to carry out
certain functions of his office.

Section 3, under the "Duties, Prerogatives and Powers of the Im-
perial Wizard," reads :

He shall issue charters for Klaus, specify conditions on which charters shall
be issued, and shall have the power to open and close charters of Klans at
his discretion or upon request of a Klau. He shall have full authority and
ix)wer to susi^end or revoke charters of Klans, for cause.

Mr. Shelton, do you have communications relating, and documents
relating, to the issue of charters ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by the
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Section 6 provides "he," referring to the Imperial
Wizard, or as the Constitution and Laws say, the president — and "he"
is used in the context of both president and Imperial Wizard :

He shall have full authority to issue decrees, edicts, mandates, rulings and
instructions covering any matter not specifically set forth in this Constitution,
or emphasizing any matter of this Constitution, and all such decrees, edicts,
mandates, ruling and instructions must be respected and obeyed promptly and
faithfully by all members of this Order on penalty of Suspension upon approval
of the Imperial Board.

Do you have in your possession any decrees, edicts, mandates, rul-
ings, or instructions issued by you ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Section 9 says "he," referring to the Imperial Wizard
or president —

shall have full power and authority to suspend from oflBce at any time any officer
of this Order, or any rank or station or capacity, or any employee whomsoever,
on the ground of incompetency, disloyalty, neglect of duty, or for unbecoming
conduct.

Do you have in your possession any documents relating to the sus-
pension of any officer, member, or employee ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to produce any such docu-
ments in question for the reason that I honestly feel that my presenta-
tion of documents might tend to incriminate me in violation of my
rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Con-
stitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Section 10 provides "he," referring to the Imperial
Wizard and president —

shall have and hold full and original authority and power, office and title of
"Supreme Kleagle."

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1 7

1614 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

As this Constitution and Laws describes the Supreme Kleagle as the
Supreme Organizer, do you have any documents in your possession
with respect to the organization or organizational activities of orga-
nizers or the establishment of realms ?

Mr. Sheltox. May I speak with my counsel ?

The CuAiRMAx. Yes.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question for
the reasons that I honestly feel that the answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

The Chairman. In that connection, with reference to this series of
questions, isn't it a fact that you have said many times that you didn't
believe in violence, and if people engaged in violence that you had
means of suspending or rejecting those members? Aiid also is it not a
fact that that is just a sham and you never have expelled any member
because of violence even though you knew they had committed vio-
lence, and that is what the provisions in this document are talking
about ?

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Section 11 provides "he," the Imperial "Wizard or
president —

shall issue and sign all commissions or other credentials of this Order in promul-
gating same, and aflBx the Imperial Seal thereto ; and he shall contract, in the
name of this Order, with other members for its extension, financing, manage-
ment, oi^eration and business interests.

Do you have in your possession any documents related to and within
Section 11?

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that the answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, there are many other sections of the
constitution which relate to the documents, decrees, and edicts issued
by the Imperial "Wizard or president. HoAvever, I shall now pass to
that portion of the constitution which relates itself to financial docu-
ments.

Under Article XIII, which deals with paraphernalia, regalia, em-
blems, ensigns, and insignia. Section 3 :

All articles, designs and things referred to or implied in Sections 1 and 2, above,
and Article X, Section 7, of this Constitution, and all property, real and personal,
shall ever be and remain the property of this Order and such supplies can only
be procured from the Imperial Wizard by the required requisition therefor, and
this also shall apply to all supplies used by any subordinate jurisdiction and any
and all jewelry or other articles used by a member upon the approval of the
Imperial Board.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1615

Mr. Shelton, do you maintain records of receipts of money for sales
of supplies to realms or to Klans or Klaverns within the realms ?

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed, to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America,

Mr. AsHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, could I ask a question at that
point ?

The Chairman. Yes.

Mr. AsHBROOK. Mr. Shelton, in your invitation to men to join
your organization, which bears your picture and has your name, you
make the following statement, which appears most interesting at this
point. You say :

We will never cower before any master or bend to any threat. It is our heritage
to stand erect, proud, and unafraid ; to think and act for ourself ; enjoy the bene-
fits of our creation, and to face the world boldly and say : . . . This I have done !

It is your feeling that this is Avhat you are doing at the present
time, standing and facing the world boldly and saying, "This I have
done!" or is this invitation for people to join the Klan, like most of
Avhat we have seen, just somewhat of a ruse?

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairmax. The question before the one you declined to answer
had to do with your maintenance of financial records, and to that you
invoked the fifth amendment. Is fear of answer involving possible
incrimination because of financial irregularities and failure properly
to report your income to tlie Federal Government or the State of
Alabama in your income tax returns ?

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

(At this point Mr. Ichord left the hearing room.)

The Cil\irmax. Have you, in fact, faithfully used and expended
and utilized all funds coming to you as president of your corporation
and as Imperial "Wizard and spent it for purposes received, or have
you, in fact, misappro])riated any of those funds?

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question

for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to

. incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by

amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States

of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, Article XV, Section 1, says on
revenues :

The revenues of this Order shall consist of: First, a per capita tax, which
shall be known as the Imperial Tax, which shall be a sum of fifty cents ($.50)

1616 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

per month. Second, all profits realized from the placing of paraphernalia,
regalia, supplies, jewelry, uniforms, costumes, stationery, and any and all other
articles used in the work of this Order, or by any member. Third, all interest
accuring [sic] on investments made by this Order.

Mr. Shelton, do you maintain financial records covered by Section
1, Article XV?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

The Chairman. Mr. Shelton, I assure you this question has no
religious connotations. I respect your rights in full under the Consti-
tution, including your religious persuasion. But as a proper question
in my opinion, under this investigation, I am compelled to ask you
this question, as it is in my opinion perfectly proper :

You have, as part of your ritual an oath of allegiance which was
quoted in part this mornmg and I will repeat part of it here :

"I, in the presence of God and Man — most solemnly pledge, promise
and swear" that I will do thus and so, and it finally wmds up, "I will
die rather than divulge same — so help me God."

Yet in appearing before this committee you refused to take an oath
and chose to affirm. I respected that right. In fact, I posed the
proper opening form of oath. The question that comes to my mind
is this :

It appears that you are willing to swear and cause all your mem-
bers to swear — and I will put the word "swear" in quotes — with
reference to Klan matters; yet you only affirmed here today. Is the
reason that you consider an oath only with respect to the Klan, and
thereby hold that oath above an oath in appearance before a con-
gressional committee ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason tliat I lionestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me under
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairman. Isn't it a fact that according to the tenets of your
Klan organization, that your primary obligation, your true allegiance,
is to the Klan, above allegiance to your Government or anything else?

Mr. Shexton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me under the
amendments of 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the Ignited States
of America.

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, I hand you a series of oaths: Section I. —
Obedience; Section II. — Secrecy; Section III. — Fidelity; Section
IV. — [Klan] *ishness.

T ask you if these are the series of oaths administered to members
of the United Klans of America.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1617

The Chairman. I hope you will not invoke the fifth fimendment on
the ground of possible self-incrimination in referring to an oath.

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 4." This exhibit
will be reproduced in a forthcoming report on Klan organizations.)

The Chairman. I think I am going to direct you, and I hereby
direct you, to answer that question.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

(At this point Mr. Buchanan left the hearing room.)

The Chairman. Now, I renew the suggestion I made a while ago
that instead of going through that ritual — which by now you are
reading faster, incidentally — instead of doing that, I offer again that
you simply say that you decline to answer for reasons previously
stated.

(At this point Mr. Weltner left the hearing room.)

The Chairman. Do you accept that suggestion ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, t respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

(At this point Mr. Weltner returned to the hearing room.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, the series of oaths that I handed to
you, did you, as an individual, ever take them? Were they ever
administered to you as an individual ?

Mr. Shelton. I respectively decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, you were asked about the receipt of
money provided for by Section 1 of Article XV. Does the United
Klans of America, Inc., as an organization, or yourself as an in-
dividual, maintain a bank account under the name of the Alabama
Rescue Sendee at "The First National Bank of Tuskaloosa," Tus-
caloosa, Alabama ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
on the grounds of the previous statement.

The Chairman. Oh ? You decline to answer for reasons previously
stated ?

Mr. Shelton. Heretofore stated.

(At this point Mr. Buchanan returned to the hearing room.)

The Chair]\i"an. That is fine.

1618 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Shelton . That is, in my previous answer.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the Committee on Un-American Activi-
ties has served subpenas upon The First National Bank of Tuskaloosa
for the production of certain books and records maintained under the
name of Alabama Rescue Service.

The Chairman. Before you go into that, let me ask this question :

Isn't the Alabama Rescue Service a plain front organization?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
on the groimds previously stated and included thereof.

The Chairman. And does not your organization and its various
ramifications throughout the several States have several front organi-
zations, such as clubs, gun clubs, and any number of others?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
on the previous grounds stated thereof.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, again before we get to the subpena,
were you interviewed by an agent of the Internal Revenue Service
on 1 of 3 days, August 6, 7, or 8, 1963,^ by Internal Revenue Service
Agent Roy Heddy when you were accompanied by Mr. James R.
Jones?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
on the grounds as previously stated and included thereof.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to read into the record
a report furnished us by the Internal Revenue Service in respect to a
request made of the President of the United States for permission to
review certain tax records which the committee has the authority to
do under Executive order. This memorandum, prepared by Albert
B. Niemann, revenue officer. High Point, contains this paragraph :

Revenue Officer Heddy called me this morning stating he had conferred with
Mr. Shelton and with Mr. Jones, and had received the following information.
The Realm of North Carolina is simply a geographical subdivision of the National
Chapter and is used only to identify a given area, i.e., the State of North Carolina.
It is not an organization and has no funds, income or expense, therefore no
returns are due. The North Carolina Rescue Service does not exist. Mr.
Shelton stated that there is an Alabama Rescue Service which is simply a book-
keeping function, wherein funds are placed in that name in the bank and dis-
bursements made from that checking account — in the state of Alabama. No such
checking account exists in the state of North Carolina, according to Mr. Shelton
and Mr. .Jones, therefore, no returns are due.

Mr. Shelton, is that a truthful reporting of an interview conducted
of you and Grand Dragon Jones by Internal Revenue Agent Heddy ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

Mr. Appell. As it was reported to us, is it correct?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 5" and retained in
committee files. )

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, in accordance with the subpena served
upon The First National Bank of Tuskaloosa, the committee has
received records of the Alabama Rescue Service going back to May
13, 1963. Together with the production of documents called for,
there were copies of signature cards.

Mr. Shelton, I hand you the first signature card containing the
names of Fredrick G. Smith and Alvin B. Sisk and ask you whether or

1 This should read "1965".

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1619

not they were officei-s of the United Klans of America using a book-
keeping function known as the ALabama Rescue Service.

Mr. SnELTON. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 6" follows:)

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 6

felfe

<H>y.K -J^i

IWDIVIOUAL

FIRST NATIONAL BANK, TUSKALOOSA, ALABAMA

The bank U hereby luthorlud to recocnU* Iht ilfnXure cxecoted herewith In ptrment of famli sr traniectlon of inr other
budneii of iild ptrtr. To recelTlni Itemi tor depoilt or collection, thli bank acu onlf ai depoiltor't roMectlnf arent and
aisumei no reipoDilblltly beyond the exerctie of due care. All Iterai are credited lubject to final payment In caih or lol-
Tent credit. Thli bank will not be liable for default or neill(ence of Ita duly aelerted eorreapondenti nor for loeiei In trani-
tt. and each correipondent lo lelected ihall not be liable except for Iti oim iwtllfenc*. Thli bank or Ita rorreatwndenta a»f
lend Itemi, directly or Indirectly, to any bank Includtnf the payor, and accept Ita draft or credit ai conditional payment In
lieu of ciih: It may charie back inr Item at anr lime before final payment, whether rtttimod or not. alio any Item driwn
on thli bank not food et doie of builneii on -day depoilted. Berrlce chariM will b« nado In accordance with mlM md
r«fUlttlonf, alftctlrt ai of daU e( thli dapoilt, pTMcrlbtd br the Tuktleott Ceontr ClMriai Boum AaiotUtioiL

■laNATun

. ALABM

OeCUP*TI3>«ON ■t<(INtIS/ . L^ // « X jT •TATkMlMT TO •■

— ' * i*f

CUaiNlAt APOHI

mfiosNCt AOOMkta J

S'AS- fe /

INITIAL OIPOaiT

PIIKVIOUO a/NRIHa COMNKqr/oN ACCOUNT AC

IMTRODUeiO BY PIIKVIOUO a/NRIHa COMNKqt/ON ACCOUNT ACCirTBO BV

j'N-ew au. R«Q. I 1 ; i I 8 I < . » I »" I 7 "7-1 ■' tpi la i n I ^^7

.\la3;j:a rescue service

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, isn't it a fact that Mr. Alvin B. Sisk
was killed as a result of a plane crash in South Carolina in which you
were a passenger in the plane?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

Mr. Appell. Following the death of Mr. Sisk, I assume that it
was necessary to file new signature cards. The bank failed to note
the exact date that this signature card went into effect, but I would
like to show it to you. It is Alabama Rescue Service, Robert M.
Shelton, T. M. Montgomery, 401 Alston Building.

I ask you when you filed that signature card with The First National
Bank of Tuskaloosa, Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 7" appears on
p. 1620.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, was T. M. Montgomery an elected oiRcial
of the United Klans of America using the bookkeeping designation
Alabama Rescue Service?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that any answer that I give might
tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me

1620 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 7

niptTHwmt

FIRST NATIOMAL tAMK. TVSKAIOOSA, ALABAMA

TD* bank U Wrttor •■thtrlaad » iwwUi tk* drnatw* tnmttf liiii»tlfc to
hutliMu af nitf pcnj la nrrlTlnc iiaai Nr <iin»il m ial1aiita». iMa kaafe .

auavn OS reaponalblltiy btrsod lb* 'wmrim a( tfaa carai ;!■ nnta an »n<li«< Mbjarl a flaal
tam'tTTdlu Thli bar* win aot ba lliMr tar dcfaaM ar wtHtata a( lu JMr wlaia* iiiiiwibl

II. ■na ratb ii uuuilil m arlana« ikall aat b« llaUa on** Ibr In •■• aatllgaML*. TMa iaA m Ma

tod n*«a. dlncllf ar ladlranlh. w aaf bv* bvl««i« tk»

lla« af citli; II auy diwca bac4 aav Haai ai aaf lint b(<v* Itaal tfa*. «*ntar laaaraad a* aat. ah* an- ilta #—
a* ibia baii^Mi (aa4 M ctMa af bvlaan aa *v iilfUlljL »»■■»■ ttavaa vfli to ■•* ba anvAar* *«k iiAh ai*
w«»lail«M. rttaatm •* .tf «aM af iMa dapaaib nwa*** tar a* TbataiaaB Ctaa* CkaatBB abas Ammttam.

. Alab.a^'g^escne Ser:3»^ce

-^ALitBltiW •iiAjLik'.iyvtefe' ' ' '-f---' ^■.'■"■.t-g

by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United
States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, Section 5 of Article X of the Constitution
and Laws of the United Klans of America in dealing with the Imperial
Klabee, or as the Constitution and Laws provide, the treasurer, the
normal designation of a Klabee, or treasurer, does it not read this way :

Imperial Klabee : Is the Supreme Treasurer of this Order and is, therefor'e, the
custodian of its funds, and he shall countersign all checks with the Imi>erial
"Wizard, and he shall make a full and complete report of his office to the regular
Klonvokation each and every year.

Was Mr. Montgomery, T. M. Montgomery, the Klabee?

Mr. SiiEx,TON. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds of the statement expressed heretofore.

The Chairjvian. Was Mr. T. M. Montgomery a member of the
Klan?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason based on the gromids that have been heretofore stated.

The Chairman. Wliere does he live ?

Mr. Shewon. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds as heretofore stated.

The Chairman. Who is he?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

The Chairman. Did you not, on October 14, 1965, at the Hotel
Stafford, in Tuscaloosa, ask our investigator, Mr. Louis Russell, whom
you called upon rather than he calling upon you, if —

T. M. Montgomery was also to be subpoenaed since he had been questioned re-
garding this person by the F.B.I. He claimed to have told them that "this is

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1621

for me to know and you to tind out." He [Shelton] claimed that no one would
ever know who T. M. Montgomery is.

Did you make that statement to our investigator, Louis Russell,
in tliat hotel in Tuscaloosa on October 14 ?

Mr. SiiELTOx. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds as heretofore stated.

Mr. AprELL. Mr. Shelton, is it not a fact that T. M. Montgomery
is not a man, but a woman ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds as heretofore stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, according to the bank records

The Chairman. Wait a moment.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, is it not a fact that the signature "T. M.
Montgomery'' was executetl by a woman, Mrs. Carol Long?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answ^er that question
based on the grounds heretofore st,ated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, I now hand you — Mr. Shelton, was
Mrs. Carol Long ever an employee in your office at 401 Alston Build-
ing, Tuscaloosa, Alabama?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, I hand you

The Chairman. Mr. Shelton, I must tell you that these questions
are not a fishing expedition, that we have information that we expect
to produce — full proof — that the T. M. Montgomery is not a man;
that she is a woman, and she is the lady just identified by Mr. Appell.
I want you to think about that.

Is your answer still the invocation of the fifth amendment?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly think that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my riglits as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Const itution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, on May 14, 1964, a third signature card
was filed with Tlie First National Bank of Tuskaloosa, Tuscaloosa,
Alabama, and this signature card contains the signatures of Robert
M. Shelton and James J. Hendrix, with the designation following
the name Hendrix, "Treas.," which I presume is the abbreviation of
treasurer, with the address of "401 Alston Bldg., City."

The Chairman. And that is with reference to what bank ?

Mr. Appell. This is the bank account ,at The First National Bank,
Tuskaloosa, Alabama, in the name of the Alabama Rescue Service,
the same account we have been discussing with the two previous
signature cards.

(Document handed to witness.)

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answ^er that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

1622 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 8" follows:)

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 8

JLUBAIUL RESGUB SSRVICS "^ E

The Chairman. Is the name James J. Hendricks or Hendrick?

Mr. Appell. H-e-n-d-r-i-x.

The Chairman. Mr. Appell read to you a while ago the provision
of your own Constitution and Laws to the effect that the treasurer or
the individual required to countersign checks with you, or having the
authority independently to draw checks, must be the treasurer of
the United Klans of America.

Was James J. Hendrix the treasurer of your Klan organization?

INIr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

The Chairman. Was James J. Hendrix a member of the Klan?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds as heretofore stated.

The Chairman. Where does James J. Hendrix live?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

The Chairiman. Is there such .a person as James J. Hendrix ?

Mr. Shfxton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

The Chairman. Isn't it true that James J. Hendrix is not a male,
but a female — a lady ?

Mr. Shfxton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
based on the groimds as heretofore stated.

The Chairman. I give you the privilege — I am not going to ask
you — I give you the pri^-ilege of naming that lady.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I

The Chairman. And tell you before you answer that we have defi-
nite proof of who that lady is.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1623

Mr. Shelton". Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for tlie reasons that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

The Chairinian. Mr. Shelton, you will be excused for a moment,
but you are ordered not to leave this room.

Mr. Shelton. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Call your next witness, Mr. Appell.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I should like to call as the next witness
Mrs. Carol Long.

The Chairman. Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are
about to give will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the
truth, so help you God ?

Mrs. Long. No, sir ; I do not swear ; I affirm.

The Chairman. Do you affirm ?

Mrs. Long. I certainly do.

The Chairman. Do you affirm that the testimony you are about (o
give will be the truth, the whole truth, so help you God ?

Mrs. Long. I certainly do.

TESTIMONY OF CAROL LONG, ACCOMPANIED BY COUNSEL,
LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. Will you state your full name for the record ?

Mrs. Long. Mrs. Carol Long.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Chalmers. She is.

Mr. Appell. Will you please identify yourself for the record ?

Mr. Chalmers. Lester V. Chalmers, Jr., attorney at law, 601 First
Federal Building, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. Are you appearing before the committee this morning
in accordance with a subpena served upon you by a United States
marshal at 11 :55 o'clock a.m., the 11th day of October 1965?

Mrs. Long. Yes, sir. I am not sure about the correct time.

Mr. Appell. Mrs. Long, were you ever employed or did you ever
receive income from the United Klans of America or Alabama Rescue
Service ?

Mrs. Long. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights that are guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell, Mrs. Long, I hand you a Recordak copy of a check
drawn on the Alabama Rescue Service, Suite 401 Alston Building,
Tuscaloosa, Alabama, drawn on The First National Bank of Tuska-
loosa, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, dated 8-2-63, made payable to cash in
the amount of $50 signed "Robert M. Shelton, T. M. Montgomery,"
and endorsed on the reverse thereof "Carol Long."

Would you examine that check and answer as to whether or not the
endorsement on the reverse of the check, the name "Carol Long," was
signed by you ?

Mrs. Long. I would like to consult my counsel.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

1624

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mrs. Long. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Document marked "Carol Long Exhibit No. 1" follows:)

Carol Long Exhibit No. 1

^^»

— V

■f

! :

•=t

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1625

The CHAiRjMAivr. Mrs. Long, is it not a fact, an honest fact, that
the signature "T. M. Montgomery," as a maker of the check, and the
signature "Carol Long," as the endorser of the check, are one and
tho same handwriting?

Mrs. LoxG. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights that are guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. I think I ought to tell you, because this may lead
to just such things as you are talking about, that we will adduce in a
few moments proof that it is the same handwriting.

Mre. Long. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights that are guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mrs. Long, were you ever employed by the Park Street
Furniture Company ?

Mrs. Long. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America, sir.

Mr. Appell. Mrs. Long, I hand to you two documents, which are
contracts for the purchases of appliances by customers of the "Park
Street Furniture Co.," one dated 11-27-64, which shows that it was
executed by Carol Long; the other dated 11-28-64 for a Philco washer
which was purchased by Mr. Fred Montgomery. I ask you whether
these contracts were executed by you in your hand.

Mrs. Long. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights that are guaranteed me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America,
sir.

(Documents marked "Carol Long Exhibits Nos. 2-A and 2-B,"
respectively, follow :)

1626 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Carol Long Exhibit No. 2-A

CmA
Chart*

PARK STREET FURNITURE CO.

COMPLETE LINE HOME FURNITURE

I2SO rARK STREET

Thii Agreement Certifies. That I, ^.i— ■

Address ^.'^ -.>^-^

Terms: -

H«ve This Day Purchased of PARK STREET FURNITURE CO.. N'orthport. Alabama, the Following Property. to-Wit:

j4FllU~^lva^ -^ ^i'.jA/. TjL

ARTICLES

^
^'■"i

^ -^ ^^^

/iu^t,

A9-t^^UL

- jJoS'Z,

K* a part o( i
or an> i-rior or stibs' \\\
Item*. 1 further a«rri
contract coniain* ttie ci
default kx breach of th
■ingulai

^ this contract. I f^pTessly agree^^^^^^^nytnents m.iuc h» me to I'ark Street l-u^^T^^^^tirnpanv. vtheiber undrr the proviii^
. shall be avpltcd a^ a credit ti, rtiy general ^ttcouiit .m a whole atid not towards the payment of any |.ariic\ilar contract or contracts, item or
i;tl (he Ims, iniur> nr de«lrucli'-'n of said V'^operty shall no! r< le i<^ me from the payment* ai provided herein, jind I agree and acknowledge that thii
itc agrtcmtnt f^twcen th; jianie^ herein, their a^entx or e-i>:'' -^cfN. either verbal or written. I further agree (hat the waiver or indulgence of »ny
omtr.ict ih.iM not opcr^ir ai a waiver of any subsequent default '>r breach and wherever used the singular shall include the plural aod tac plural the

reto set my hand and seal this, the

.* day of..

^il*..V-XJ:^J>j22^<.

_ . 196

.^Lr^*.5r(L. S.)
. ^ (L. S.)

Delivered by

Received all of the above in good condition.
Signed by _

Mt*TMtR> C-OP •

US-TA'-OOS*

Carol Long Exhibit No. 2-B

CmOr

Charge

PARK STREET FURNITURE CO.

COMPLETE LINE HOME FURNITURE

laSO PARK STREET

recent Certifies, That I,

lOcdL. 0JQ _.._

NORTHPORT. ALA.

- u

This A^

Address

Terms - -- -

Have This Day Purchased of PARK STREET FURNITURE CO.. Northport, Alabama, the Following Property, to-ffit:

ARTICLES

iiilsW

^XJa^Ji^

IGR.

U2:

J. dth.^ ^ /<: / 33 7Z.

f^SV

zt^

4^5:

my jiaymmts maile by me lu TarW Street Furniture Cbmiiany, whether uT?

af account as a whole and not towards the payment of any particular contract or contracts, item or
-ive rnr frnm ihe paynirnu at provided herein, and I agree and acknowledge that this
ee*. cither vrr'ial or written 1 further sgrer that the waiver or indtilgence of aay

item». I further acrrr ihat the l-i*-. tuiury <<t Jcslruciik/ii of Mil ptupertj •bnll not f.

contract contain* (lie entire aurrcnu nt betvuet. the parties hereto, their agents or emr'' , _ - -- - -- - - _. .. ,

default ur breach of tht» amir.ici ah^ll not oiKraie at a waiver uf -my lubaciiueat deiauli or breach and wherever uved the singular shall include the plural and tae plural the
Singular.

In Witness Whereof, I hereto set my hand and seal this, the day of , 196

Witness :

Delivered by

ICeceivcd all of the above in good condition.

SjgTicd by - -

(L. S.)
(L. S.)

WCATMBIItOaO rM.N*<NC CO .

tfkCALPOBA

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1627

Mr. Appell. I hand you a signature card which was received
through subpena from The First National Bank of Tuskaloosa, Tus-
caloosa, Alabama, for the Alabama Rescue Service, si^ied "Robert
M. Shelton" and "T. M. Montgomery," 401 Alston Building, and I
ask you if you signed the "T. M. Montgomery" that appears on this
copy of the signature card.

Mrs. Long. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights that are guaranteed to me by the amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America, sir.

(Document previously marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 7."
Seep. 1620.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask that the witness
step aside.

The Chairman. The witness will be excused for a moment, but is
ordered to remain in the room.

Mrs. Long. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Call your next witness.

Mr. Appell. I should like to call Mrs. Betty L. Shelton.

The Chairman. Please raise your right hand.

Do you solemnly swear the testimony you are about to give will
be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you
God?

Mrs. Shelton. I affirm.

The Chairman. Do you solemnly affirm that the testimony you
are about to give Avill be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but
the truth, so help you God ?

Mrs. Shelton. I affirm.

TESTIMONY OE BETTY L. SHELTON, ACCOMPANIED BY COUNSEL,

LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. Mrs. Shelton, would you state your full name for the
record, please ?

Mrs. Shelton. Mrs. Betty L. Shelton.

The Chairman. You are the wife of Robert M. Shelton; are you
not?

Mrs. Shelton. Yes.

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Chairman, may I at this time ask the chairman
to entertain my motion under Rule XII ?

Mr. Appell. Can we identify you on the record first?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel, Mrs. Shelton ?

1628 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mrs. SiiELTOx. Yes.

Mr. Appell. Will counsel identify himself for the record?

The Chairman. And please speak into the microphone. You have
sworn that you are Mrs. Eobert 5l. Shelton.

^Vliat is the second question ?

Mr. Appell. I asked the counsel to identify himself for the
record.

Mr. Chalmers. Lester V. Chalmers, Jr., attorney at law, 501
First Federal Building, Raleigh, North Carolina.

The Chairman. And you represent the witness ?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Now, you wanted to

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call Rule XII to the
attention of the chairman and to the other members of the committee
and asked respectfully that Mrs. Shelton be accorded the provisions
under Rule XII.

The Chairman. I will read the rule aloud :

The confidential relationship between husband and wife shall be respected
and, for reasons of public iwlicy, one spouse shall not be questioned concerning
the activities of the other, except when a majority of the Committee or Sub-
committee shall determine otherwnse.

That is all right. We could have called a meeting with reference
to Mrs. Shelton. We could have done it. We are not going to do
it in this instance. We are not going to question her about activities
of her husband. We are going to question her about her activities.

Mr. Appell. Mrs. Shelton, are you appearing before the committee
today in accordance with the subpena served upon you at 11 :20 a.m.
on the 11th day of October 1965 ?

Mrs. Shelton. About that time.

Mr. Appell. Mrs. Shelton, have you ever been employed or worked
in the offices of the United Klans of America, also known as the
Alabama Rescue Service, Room 401, Alston Building, in Tuscaloosa ?

Mrs. Shelton. I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. As a matter of fact, Mrs. Shelton, it was in that
office that you and I first met; was it not ?

Mrs. Shelton. I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Mrs. Shelton, did you ever hear of, and know the
identity of, T. M. Montgomery ?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1629

Mr. ArPELL. Mrs. Shelton, 1 hand to you a copy of a signature
card which the committee obtained through a subpena from The
First National Bank of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, showing that this
signature card was made effective on Mav 14, 1964, for the Alabama
Rescue Service, with signatures of "Robert M. Shelton; James J.
Hendrix, Treas., 401 Alston Bldg., City."

I ask you if you signed the name "James J. Hendrix."

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mrs. Shelton. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Document previously marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 8."
See p. 1622.)

Mr. Appell. Mrs. Shelton, is it a fact that you did sign the name
"James J. Hendrix" ?

The Chairman. Isn't it a fact that there is no such person as James
J. Hendrix?

The Chairman. Mrs. Shelton, you will be excused for a moment, but
you are ordered to remain in the room.

Call your next witness.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I w^ould like to call Mr. Philip Schmitz.

The Chairman. Please raise your right hand.

Do you solemnly swear the testimony you are about to give will be
the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you God ?

Mr. Schmitz. I do.

TESTIMONY OF PHILIP L. SCHMITZ

Mr. Appell. What is your name, sir ?

Mr. Schmitz. Philip L. Schmitz.

Mr. Appell. What is your business or occupation ?

Mr. Schmitz. I am a documents analyst, sometimes referred to as a
handwriting expert, for the U.S. Veterans' Administration in Wash-
ington, D.C.

Mr. Appell. "V^^iat are your duties as a documents analyst ?

Mr. Schmitz. My duties involve the examination and comparison
of handwriting, handprinting, typewriting, indented, obliterated writ-
ing, alterations, erasures, ink studies, and related material that con-
cern the establishment of whether or not a document is genuine or
fraudulent.

Mr. Appell. What educational training and background have you
received ?

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1-

1630 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. ScHMiTz. I have a bachelor of science degree from St. Thomas
College, St. Paul, Minnesota, and liave conducted studies and re-
searches in this field of document examination for a period of over 20
years.

Mr. Appell. What did you do in a special Avay to prepare yourself
for the work you are now doing?

Mr. ScHMiTz. After graduation from college, I received an appoint-
ment with the Federal Bureau of Investigation in Washington, D.C.
Shortly after entering the FBI, I was assigned to the Document Sec-
tion of the FBI Laboratory, where I worked under the direct super-
vision of qualified document analysts.

During this time, I received the course of instruction, attended lec-
tures and conferences, and conducted researches and studies on the sub-
ject, working on actual cases under the direct supervision of expe-
rienced document examiners.

After reaching a satisfactory degree of proficiency, I was appointed
special agent for the FBI as a senior document identification special-
ist and was granted the right to testify as an expert witness in docu-
ments identification matters, representing the FBI and the U.S.
Government.

I spent approximately 3 years in the U.S. Army as an investigator
and later as an investigating officer. Since January of 1947, I have
been with the Identification and Detection Division of the U.S. Vet-
erans' Administration, doing the same type of work I did with the
FBI. I have conducted lectures and prepared papers on this subject.

Mr. Appell. As a matter of fact. Mr. Schmitz, did you not do much
of the documents work for this committee in the Alger Hiss- Whit taker
Chambers matter?

Mr. Schmitz. Yes, I did.

Mr. Appell. Have you ever testified as an expert witness ?

Mr. Schmitz. Yes ; on many occasions I have been called to testify
as an expert witness in this field. I have testified before the Federal
district courts, botli criminal and civil, in AVashington, D.C. I testi-
fied in Massachusetts, Ne\v York, Alabama, Florida, California. I
have testified before Veterans' Administration hearing boards in
central office in Washington, D.C; in Chicago, Illinois; Memphis,
Tennessee. And on a number of occasions I have been called to testify,
but defendant has entered a plea of guilty prior to my having the
opportunity to actually take the stand.

Mr. Appell. Are you a member of any recognized scientific society ?

Mr. Schmitz. Yes ; I am a fellow member of the American Academy
of Forensic Sciences and was elected to the chairmanship of the Ques-
tioned Documents Section of that organization, which I considered a
very high honor.

Only recently I was elected to regular membership in the American
Society of Questioned Document Examiners, which is a veiy select
group of well-qualified document examines. This is an inteniational
society with a very limited membership. I believe it is about 37. I
consider my election to this organization as one of the highest honoi-s
I have ever received.

Mr. Appell. Have you assisted in training document analysts for
foreign countries?

[Chart A]

COMPARISON CHART

KNOWN WRITING

•"^^.>*..-e^liM»-t^ 2-14-63

AND WIfi MUST SIGN) \ (WiVl WIMIWi Md AIM)

^Clii^-AWAiA'te^i ll

I'i iJanatwr* and dottl

^S.

_i:^ if _ >-j-L j_n

QUESTIONED WRITING

Vwtw^ V ' ^--^"^^ V -j^te*^^.

rsk**-^^ i- /L~^ J« .L.

i^°citiJL.

<L<-»-«^ r^-UttX^.^A-

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1631

Mr. ScHMn^z. Yes. Our laboratory has assisted the AID, the
Agency for International Development, in training document exam-
iners from a number of foreign countries, including the Philippine
Islands, Lebanon, Libya, Turkey, Thailand, Tunisia, Ethiopia, and
Brazil. I believe there are about eight countries so far.

Mr. ArPELL. Mr. Schmitz, in connection with the committee's in-
vestigation into this matter, were numerous documents submitted to
you for your examination for the purpose of attempting to identify
the person who wrote the names "T. M. Montgomery" and "James J.
Hendrix'' ?

Mr. Schmitz. That is true.

Mr. Appell. From these documents, have you been able to establish
the authorship of T. M. Montgomei-y and James J. Hendrix ?

Mr. Schmitz. Yes, I have.

Mr. Appell. Have you prepared certain documents and exhibits
which you would like at this time to present for the consideration of
the committee ?

Mr. Schmitz. Yes.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chainnan, I would like to ask that the witness be
given permission to proceed with his own slides and with his own ex-
planation oi those documents.

The Chairman. The witness will proceed.

Mr. Schmitz. Prior to the demonstration, I would just like to make
one or two points. Handwriting identification is based on the prin-
ciple that no two individuals write exactly alike. In order to actually
make an identification, there must be a strong combination of similar-
ities in handwriting and no unexplained major differences.

One person might ask the question : "How is handwriting identi-
fied?'' It is not by general qualities, but by small, inconspicuous
writing characteristics that each of us lias in our own writing and as
we write we are unaware that they exist.

If diiferences do occur, the question that must be answered by the
examiner is : "Are they natural variations or are they wide divergen-
cies which actually point to different writers?"

Natural variations are desirable, that is, desirable for an identifica-
tion. Wide divergencies would point to a different writer.

I have prepared a chart which I would like to exhibit at his time.

(Comparison Chart "A" as sho^vn on slide appears opposite this

Mr. Schmitz. In explaining this chart, this particular signature
refers to an income tax form dated Febiiiary 14, 1963 [indicating],
a joint return submitted by Robert M. Shelton and Mrs. Betty L.
Shelton. It has her known signature.

This signature [indicating] refers to an income tax form dated
April 18, 1960, a joint return submitted by Betty L. Shelton and
Robert M. Shelton.

This signature [indicating] refers or is contained on income tax
form dated April 16, 1962. It is of the same variety.

The fourth item is a bank deposit slip at the First National Bank,
Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and as you can see is dated April 27, 1964.

The fifth item is a bank deposit slip which is dated January 29,
1965. These are all listed under Icnown writing. There is a separa-
tion in here.

1632 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

On this side we have questioned writing. Beneath that we have
the signature of "James J. Hendrix" as it appears on a bank signature
card dated May 14, 1964, which was previously identified by Mr.
Appell.

This signature of James J. Hendrix [indicating] appears on a
check of the Alabama Rescue Service, check No. 640, dated April 2,
1965.

This signature [indicating] refers to a similar check of the Alabama
Rescue Service, No. 502, dated August 25, 1964.

This final entry appears also on the same check. No. 502, in the
body of the check, dated August 25, 1964.

In summarizing this chart, the three signatures at the top left were
considered known since they appeared on the income tax forms of
Betty L. Shelton. The bottom two signatures appear on bank de-
posit slips.

The writing on the top three signatures was compared with the
writing on the bank deposit slips.

Then after identifying these two together [indicating], all of this
writing was in turn compared with the questioned writing.

I would like to point out just a few points that are brought out in
the identification of this writing.

The capital "M" in "Mrs." the center stroke, lower down, does not
come down to meet the line as do the two outside strokes.

This similar type "M" appears also on the bank deposit slip, as you
will notice, and also appears

The Chairman. Pardon me, but isn't that "Robert M. Shelton" ?

Mr. ScHMiTz. Robert M. Shelton ; yes, sir.

The Chairman. We are talking about Betty.

Mr. ScHMiTz. This is a bank deposit slip. That is correct, sir. 1
am showing that Betty Lou Shelton made the deposit in the name
of Robert M. Shelton.

The Chairman. In other words, what you are saying is that the
name "Robert M. Shelton" was written by Mrs. Shelton ?

Mr. Schmitz. This is what I am demonstrating; yes, sir.

So that "M" is comparable to the "M" in Robert M. Shelton, and
the "M" in the latter signature of Robert M. Shelton.

Next I would like to point out the entire name "Shelton" as it ap-
pears in the first line, in the second line, in the third line, and especially
compare this name "Shelton" with this name "Shelton" down here
[indicating], and it is not veiy difficult to see the extreme similarity
in the capital "S," the formation of the "h," especially the one down
here [indicating], and the "e," the "1," and going across to the "ton."
Take the "h," for example, as it appears in tlie first signature, and you
see a high approach to the "h," forming this loop which stops at the
lower right side.

A similar "h" appears in the second signature and also in the third
signa.ture, and a similar type "h" also appears dovra here in the fifth
signature.

If we drop across over here to the word "Thirty," you will find a
similar approach stroke, with the same type "h."

I would also like to point out that we have a variation in this "h,"
what we refer to as a natural variation, with it being just a little bit

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1633

lower. But similar characteristics throughout the signature prove it
is a natural variation.

Bringing to your attention the small "e" as it appears in Betty and
in Shelton, and Betty in the second signature and in Shelton in the
second signature, and Betty in the third signature and Shelton in the
third signature.

Also in the fourth signature, we find the "e" in Robert, and we find
in the fifth signature a small "e," especially in Shelton, and in Shelton
in the fourth signature also.

Going over to this die, the "e" in Hendrix, the first entry on the
right side ; the "e" in Hendrix and the "e" in James, and the "e" in
Hendrix and the "e" in James, and also the "e" in the word "hundred"
[indicating] .

The point I am tiying to emphasize is that the "e's" are extremely
smaJl and extremely consistent throughout all of the writing.

Note next the "It" combination, which, if the "t" cross were elim-
inated, would be a double "1," You can see the loop in the "t." It is
very consistent as it goes to the second signature and the third signa-
ture "Shelton."

It also appears in the fourth signature and also in the fifth signature.

It appears over on this side [indicating] in the word "Thirty."
You will note the loop in the "T" in Thirty.

'And the small "o" in the word "Shelton," you will notice the loop
on this is not a common type loop, but is a loop which is extremely on
the right side and is quite wide.

It also appears down here in this name "Shelton," showing that
the person Avho wrote the first one also wrote the fourth one. And it
is in the fifth name "Shelton."

Now if you will take a look at the one on the right side, you will
see it has the same identification, of the loop on the right.

And the small "n" as it appears in the second signature of Shelton
also appears on the third signature, appears in the fourth signature,
appears in the fifth signature and when we get to the sixth signature we
have "Hendrix" w^liere the same type of "n" is formed.

Down in this entry, you find the "n" appearmg three times, once
in "One," "Hundred," and the word "and," all three of them tying in
with the same type.

Note the "Apr" — short for April — as it appears in the fourth entry
and also appears in the third entry. It is not very difficult to see the
extreme similarity in the formation of somewhat of a backhand for-
mation.

Next take a look, if you will, at the capital "J" in January, and also
note the initial "J" in James J. Hendrix. It is almost a retrace, a
backhand retrace.

Then, if you will, note that it also occurs in this third signature of
Hendrix on two occasions. It comes to a definite point.

Now let's talve a look at the same "J" with the "a" combination, " Ja,"
and this is an extremely high identifying characteristic as the motion
goes from the bottom of the "J," looping high into the top, into the

"a"

You will notice that same type of approach, going high into the top
into the "a." It appears in this James J. Hendrix signature [indicat-
ing] , in this one, and in this James J. Hendrix signature.

1634 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Another point is the capital "C" in City, as it appears in the fifth
one on the left side, and also in the letters "GMAC." Incidentally,
if I didn't mention before, this capital "M" appeared on this side ui
the first, and on this side, in the fifth one, and also in the GMAC.

Another point is the capital "H," which is quite consistent through-
out. You will notice in the "H's" the loop on the "H" is very small
and hugs in very tightly.

I ask you to note with that the similar type of approach to the capital
"M," a small, hugging motion, and right in here [indicating] the
same type of thing and also' here, showing a very strong similarity.

Also you have the loop in "Mrs." in the name "Mrs. Betty L.
Shelton."

Another point is the small "d" as in Hendrix. You can see the "d"
that appears there [indicating], and it also appears hei"e in very simi-
lar formation, it appears here in very similar formation [indicating],
and then down here you find the same type of "cl"' on three occasions,
in "Hundred," twice, and at the end of the word "and."

Finally, one little note is the "y" in "Betty," compared with the "y"
in "Thirty," a crossover mark, not a roimded loop, but a crossover
mark.

Without going into further characteristics, I concluded as a result
of this study that all of the writing on the documents that are depicted
here was written by one person, namely, Betty Lou Shelton, whose
known handwriting specimens appear on the income tax forms.

I have prepared a second chart comparable to the first one in
most respects.

(Comparison Chart "B" as shown on slide appears opposite tliis
page.)

Mr. ScHMiTz. I would like to explain the source of the signatures
on this chart. The first signature

The Chairman. This has reference to Carol H. Long ?

Mr. ScHMiTz. That is correct ; yes, sir.

The first signature was obtained from the Park Street Furniture
Company, slip No. 1375, which is dated 11-28-64.

The second signature appears on the income tax form of Carol H.
Long, dated April 14, 1965.

The third entry was taken from the furniture slip No. 1375, the
same as the first signature was.

Tlie fourth entry, this "TV" was taken from furniture slip No. 1939,
dated November 27, 1964.

The fifth entry, "by Carol Long," also appeared on furniture slip
No. 1939. These are all listed under known writing of Carol Long.

Under questioned writing, we have the signature "T. M. Mont-
gomei-y" which appeai-s on the bank signature card of The Fii-st Na-
tional Bank of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, previously identified.

The second entry "T. M. Montgomery" and the date on the right,
8-2-63, were taken from a check of the Alabama Rescue Service, Tusca-
loosa, Alabama. The third entry is taken from check No. 344, dated
12-5-63, of the Alabama Rescue Service, Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

The next entry is from check No. 353, dated 12-19-63, of the Ala-
bama Rescue Service, Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

The first entry on the last line of the right side is from check No.
344, which is the same as the third line, which is dated 12-5-63. This

[Chart B]

COMPARISON CHART

KNOWN WRITING

^^mjL ::f>li^.A-e:7>^MM^^

only one liad income.

A.fl'IA'fS

N?/ 1375

JjL

// /zy

^j C ji u./ -Ar-^-tj

QUESTIONED WRITING

~77/0. '7y^^^L>^.^^gi.iyuj_^

^i^ /^dnjLmjm.i^M^ ^^

/,/ m>-*

Jja ''^'^-^ :,,.■•, ,

!»<-'

--^'-<-^

''<-'/'•_

iut« y-*, ' u»

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1635

entry next to it of "Fifty"' was taken from check No. 284, the same as
tlie second one. the second line.

And the final entry on the last line was taken from check No. 346,
dated 12-6-03, of the Alabama Eescuc Service.

Now that they have been identified, I would like to point out first of
all what I ima^jine people are able to observe as handwriting char-
acteristics and draw their own conclusions.

However, I would like to point out those similarities in handwriting
characteristics.

First, I would like to point but, comparing this known signature of
Fred Montgomery wdiich was written by Carol Long with the ques-
tioned signature of T. M. Montgomery as it appeared on the bank sig-
nature card, and running a cross comparison, first note the capital
"M," the approach to the capital "M," and the formation of the letter
there, and as it appears over here on questioned, the similarity is tre-
mendous, the loop, the center part, where it doesn't extend to the bot-
tom, the third loop, the rounded portions at the top, and the rounded
portions at the lower right side. That also appears in this ap-
proach to the "M" in the second line. You have a similar approach to
"Montgomery" in the thii^d line, you have a similar approach to "Mont-
gomery" in the signature on the fourth line.

The small "o," which, as you will recall, in the previous chart looped
off to the right, this individual has a different handwriting character-
istic, namely, it is a large loop and loops at the top of the "o." It is
quite e^adent here in Montgomery, twice on the first line of known
writmg, and is evident in the second line, in Carol.

It is evident on the fourth line in the word "Carol," where it is
very heavy.

It is also evident up here twice in this "o" in Montgomery and this
"o" in Montgomery [indicating], and in the second line it is evident
in this "o" and this "o" [indicating].

The next point to bring out would be the small letter "n" as it ap-
pears in the second line on the know^l side, in the name "Long," and in
the fourth line in the name "Long."

It appears over here in Montgomery in the first line. You will no-
tice the same type of an "n," a large loop and then a second loop. You
will also notice it on the second line u\ Montgomery.

May I also point out that we have variations. And this is what we
look for in document identification, natural variation.

Tliere is the small "n" as it appears in signature number one, which
also appears in signature number seven and also in number eight,
somewhat of a variation. However, they are consistent.

Next note, if you will, the small "t." The cross of the "t" is ex-
tremely low in comparison to where the average individual does, and it
also appears the same over on the right side. It is present in this "t"
in Montgomery', in this "t," and in tliis "t" in Montgomery
[indicating] .

The "g" is very long, and the "y" in Montgomery. You will notice
a similar formation at bottom, a looping stroke, very large. Not a
straight stroke and back up again, but a large looping stroke.

It appears here in Long and in the "g" and in the "y" in Mont-
gomery. It also appears down here in the name of Long.

1636 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Over here in questioned, it appears once here [indicating], once
here, and once here, in the sixth, seventh, and eighth [indicating].

Tliere is also variation in the "y," if you will see here the word
"By," where it is a little elongated. But you have a similar type "y"
over here as it appears in the word "Fifty." It shows it is consist-
ent in both the known and the questioned writing.

Next is something that some people don't stop to think about, the
formation of the lower part of the "g" in comparison to the lower part
of the "y." If you were to put a line there you would see a downhill
motion, a downhill trend.

In other words, the "y" end is lower than the "g." If you will take
a look at all of the Montgomery signatures the "y" is lower than the
"g," the "y" is lower than the "g," the "y" is lower than the "g," the
"y" is lower than the "g" [indicating], consistently.

A point or two more to make : A capital "F" in Fred compares with
the capital "F" in the word "Fifty."

The capital "T" in TV, a printed "T," which gives a sheltered or um-
brella-type effect over the "V" which is beneath it, and then notice the
"T" in T. M. Montgomery, which gives the same sheltered effect [in-
dicating], and also the "T" in the word "Twelve," the same type of
effect.

Other "T's" I would like you to note also where you have a some-
what similar effect, which is an angle. It is not a horizontal line, but
it is on an angle, a lower left and going up to the right, higher, with
the crossbar with the same features. Also, you will notice that they
are off center. Actually, the right side of the "T" cross is longer than
the left side.

Finally, one other point I would like to emphasize is this particular
habit of this individual in preparing a diagonal for the date. If you
will notice, it looks more like a reverse motion "P" than anything else,
but it is a very consistent habit, and it goes right along with the habit
of making a capital "L," the first stroke of the capital "L" and the first
stroke of the diagonal. You will notice that it occurs here and here
[indicating] on her income tax form, and it also occurs on the Park
Furniture Company form and in the name "Long." It occurs twice on
the income tax form.

And it occurs over here on the right side, if you will notice, the date
of 8-2, 12-5, and down here [indicating] and down here [indicating],
the diagonals.

So there are sufficient handwriting characteristics present, and I
think it is only right to conclude that all of the writing on the docu-
ments under the questioned area was written by the same person,
namely, Carol H. Long, wdio prepared the writing on the opposite side
of the document.

Mr. Appfxl. Mr, Schmitz, can you summarize that which you have
detailed as a conclusion, an expert conclusion, which you have arrived
at with respect to the signature of James J. Hendrix ?

Mr. SciiMiTz. Yes, I believe so. I reached the conclusion that the
signatures "James J. Hendrix" ap])earing on the signature card
which was stamp-dated May 14, 1964, of the First National Bank,
Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and also appearing on Alabama Rescue Service
check number 502, dated 8-25-64, and on Alabama Rescue Service

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1637

check number 640, dated April 2, 1965, were all written by Betty
Lou Shelton, whose known handwriting appears on income tax forms
dated April IS, 1960, April 16, 1962, and February 14, 1963.

I reached a further conclusion that Betty Lou Shelton also prepared
handwritten entries on deposit slips dated April 27, 1964, January 29,
1965, as well as liandwritten entries and signatures of James J. Hen-
drix on numerous other checks of the Alabama Rescue Service.

Mr. Appell. Have you arrived at a conclusion which may summa-
rize your detailed explanation with respect to the signature "T. M.
Montgomery" ?

Mr. SciiMiTZ. Yes. I reached the conclusion that the signatures
"T. M. Montgomery" on the signature card of The First National
Bank of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, for the Alabama Rescue Service, which
card was undated, and the signatures "T. M. Montgomery" on check
number 284, dated 8-2-63, check number 344, dated 12-5-63, and check
number 353, dated 12-19-63, all of the Alabama Rescue Service, were
written by Carol H. Long, whose known w^riting appears on income
tax form of April 14, 1965, as well as on Park Street Furniture Com-
pany agreement form number 1939, which is dated November 27, 1964,
and on 1375, which was dated November 28, 1964.

I reached the additional conclusion that Carol Long w^rote the sig-
natures "T. M. Montgomery" on numerous other checks of the Alabama
Rescue Service and also prepared handwritten entries on many of
these checks.

Mr. Appei.l. Mr. Chairman, I have no further questions to ask of
Mr. Schmitz.

Mr. Weltner. I have a question or two.

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr, Weltxer. Mr. Schmitz, is there any doubt in your mind what-
soever concerning the conclusions you have just stated ?

Mr. Sciianxz. None whatsoever.

Mr. Weltner. You have stated, then, as an expert, that there is no
room for any erroneous interpretation or conclusion on your part,
and you are stating as a fact that these signatures, as you mentioned,
were affixed to documents by the same persons ?

Mr. Schmitz. This is my reasoned judgment.

Mr. Weltner. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman. Thank you very much.

I want to again thank Tecnifax Corporation for providing their
facilities to make these exhibits possible.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like that these exhibits of Mr.
Schmitz be made a part of the record.

The Chairman. That will be done.

The committee will now^ stand in recess for a few minutes.

(A brief recess was taken from 4 :10 p.m. to 4 :15 p.m. All subcom-
mittee members were present at time of recess and when hearings
resumed. Representative Senner was also present when hearings re-
sumed.)

The Chairman. The committee will please come to order.

It is now well past 4 o'clock, and inasmuch as we will be going into
other areas of inquiry and evidence, the committee, during the recess,
has voted to recess at this time until 10 o'clock tomorrow morning.

1638 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Slielton, you will return here tomorrow morning at 10 o'clock.

Mrs. Shelton and Mrs. Long, if you desire to go back to Alabama,
you are excused, if you want to be excused. You can come tomorrow
or not come, as you wish, but Mr. Shelton will return at 10 o'clock and
he is still under subpena.

The committee is in recess until 10 o'clock tomorrow morning.

(Members present at time of recess: Representatives "Willis, Pool,
Weltner, Ashbrook, and Buchanan, of the subcommittee, and also
Representative Senner.)

(Whereupon, at 4:16 p.m., Tuesday, October 19, 1065, the subcom-
mittee recessed, to reconvene at 10 a.m., Wednesday, October 20, 1965.)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN ORGANIZATIONS
IN THE UNITED STATES

Part 1

WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1965

United States House of Representatives,

Subcommittee of the
Committee on Un-American Activities,

W ashing ton^ D.G.
public hearings

The subcommittee of the Committee on Un-American Activities met,
pursuant to recess, at 10 a.m. in the Caucus Room, Camion House Office
Building, Washington, D.C., Hon. Ed^Yin E, Willis (chairman)
presidmg.

(Subcommittee members: Representatives Edwin E. Willis, of
Louisiana, chairman; Joe R. Pool, of Texas; Charles L. Weltner, of
Georgia; John M. Ashbrooli, of Ohio; and John H. Buchanan, Jr., of
Alabama.)

Subcommittee members present : Representatives Willis, Pool,
Weltner, Ashbrook, and Buchanan.

Committee members also present : Representatives George F. Sen-
ner, Jr., of Arizona, and Richard H. Ichord, of Missouri.

Staff members present: Francis J. McNamara, director; William
Hitz, general counsel ; Alfred M. Nittle, counsel ; Donald T. Appell,
chief investigator ; and Philip R. Manuel, investigator.

The Chairman. The subcommittee will please come to order.

Mr. Appell, call your next witness.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to recall to the stand Mr.
Robert M. Shelton.

The Chairman. Let the record show that the witness, Mr. Shelton,
has already affirmed, ajid his attorney has already been identified.

Be seated, Mr. Shelton.

The photographers will desist.

Proceed.

TESTIMONY OF ROBERT MARVIN SHELTON, ACCOMPANIED BY
COUNSEL, LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.— Resumed

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, would you give the committee a brief
resimie of your educational background ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to

1639

1640 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairiman. Tliis is just preliminary and background informa-
tion. I order and direct you to answer that question.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, would you give the committee a brief
resume of your employment background ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed, to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, as the Imperial Wizard or president of
the United Klans of America, Inc., the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan,
by a vote of a kloncilium or by a vote of a klonvokation, were you
given a guaranteed salary for the office that you held ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, the money that came to you in the form
of the imperial tax paid by Klans or Klavenis within your jurisdic-
tion, and placed into a bank account known in the name of the Ala-
bama Rescue Service, was this account yours to do with as you pleased,
or were you under any supervision and control with respect to the
disbursement of that money by either the Kloncilium or the
klonvokation ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, the Washington Post of October 17, 1965,
contained a story by Paul Good, datelmed Atlanta, Georgia, which
related to a rally held there, I assume last weekend. This article
quotes Calvin F. Craig, whom we believe to be the Grand Dragon of
the State of Georgia — I will ask you. Is he your Grand Dragon for
the State of Georgia?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectively decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1641

me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Consitution of the United States of America,

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, the Washington Ppst quoted Mr. Craig as
saying that he drives a Falcon and says tliat a Cadillac driven by
Imperial Wizard Shelton is Klan property.

May I ask you, Is that car registered in the name of the Klan?

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I lionestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Docmnent marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 9" and retained in
committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, the committee's investigation uncovered
the fact that in December of 1962 you purchased a 1963 Grand Prix
Pontiac from Stansell Pontiac- Cadillac, Inc.; that the cost of this
car was $4,728 and that you paid $986 cash, leaving a balance of
$3,742; that you financed this car with GMAC with insurance and
finance charges makmg a total indebtedness to GMAC of $4,900
payable in 36 equal installments of $136.33 ; and that the present out-
standing balance is $681.65.

On the 14th of November 1964, a 1961 Cadillac sedan was substituted
for the Pontiac.

"Were the checks, payments on the Pontiac, and the Cadillac when
it was substituted for the Pontiac, paid for from the fmids of the
United Klans of America in the name of the Alabama Rescue Service
and drawn by checks against that account ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that the automobile is not registered in
the name of the United Klans of America ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based on the grounds heretofore stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, an analysis of the account shows that
hundreds of dollars were disbursed from this fund to a company
known as the Lorch's Diamond Shop. Can you tell me what that
money purchased ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

(Analysis of Alabama Rescue Service bank account marked "Rob-
ert Shelton Exliibit No. 10" and retained in committee files. Records
from Lorch's Diamond Shop introduced in record on Oct. 25, 1965,
marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit 10-A" follow:)

1642

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 10-A

Shelton, ^v, T^nhert Tyl (Rnt.ty)

1708 E i^th St

IS.

A<j^T. NO. Ib7«^

TERMS

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Amerlouaf Ga'Ocala^ F

^■r Ho^€l!^^ Alabama

iiiM<lllllir"liiliillrii

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1643

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 10- A — Continued

/name

-^^ Sheltnn, Mr* Robert M. (Batty^).

ADDRESS lyna E •1.5th St.

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after purchase such merchandise as she may see

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* me end In my name a sales pontract-^ similar to

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1644

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 10-A — Continued

i ADDRESS -1.708 15t-.h Street K, Clty-

AME Shelton. Mrs Betty (Robert) V^^

:\i

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B. T.

EMPLOYER

ADDRESS

EMPLOYER

ADDRESS

RELATIVE

NAME

ADDRESS

HOLDER

ADDRESS

•

CUSTOMER

REMARKS

I <lo hoiL-liy conslltulc ntui nppolnl my wifr e> my
allorncy in loci, tor mo and my sic.id, to licioin-
nfli:r piircK.isi! such niprcli.inclisc .is slm m;)y sco
I.I Iroin l.iiti:h's Djjinond Sho|). and to cicculc for
in<i nnd in my name a sjios conlraci simil.ir to
Ihis one c jvi-rino sucli piircliasc.

)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1645

Mr. Appell. Mr. Slielton, this analysis of the cliecks drawn against
that account shows that a sum in excess of $5,600 was drawn to cash,
and endorsements on the reverse of those checks show that they were
cashed at Piggly-Wiggly Stores, cashed at service stations, and cashed
at otlier places. Can you explain to us the number of checks for
cash and why they were all drawn for cash?

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, it is the committee's

The Chairman. Mr. Shelton, why is it, in answer to one or two
previous questions you invoked the privilege of the fifth amendment
by saying that you relied on the grounds previously stated, and as
we now go along you are repeating from the piece of paper you are
reading from?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

The Chairman. I might say that there are reasons for me to ask
that question. I deliberately noticed when you did it.

Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, it is the committee's information that
the United Klans of America, Inc., files with the Internal Kevenue
Service a corporate tax return on a fiscal year basis from July 1 of
one year to June 30th of the following year.

It is a fact that on July 29, 1965, you, signing as "President" of
the United Klans of America, filed the corporate tax return ?

Mr. Shelton. May I counsel, please ?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, isn't is a fact that on this corporate
return you showed income from all sources of $18,487.60 ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incrim-
inate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 11" and retained
in committee files. )

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, an analysis of the United Klan bank
account at The First National Bank of Tuskaloosa, which is carried
mider the name of the Alabama Rescue Service, shows that there
were checks written against that account in the amount of $18,036.95.

Do you mean to tell me that the difference of that, which is approxi-
mately $450, is all of the income that the Klan received in all of its
realms? As you told the Internal Revenue agent, as I quoted to

59-222 O — 67— pt. 1 9

1646 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

you yesterday, these are just geographical subdivisions, so that any
income they had it was your responsibility to report. Do you mean
to tell me that their income was only what you report, here, the dif-
ference of $450 ?

Mr. Shelton. May I counsel ?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully declme to answer that question
for the reasons that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, are you acquainted with an organiza-
tion known as Heritage Enterprises, Inc ?

Mr. Appell. Mr, Chairman, I would like to have entered into the
record at this point a certified copy of the Certificate of Incorpora-
tion of Heritage Enterprises, Inc.

The Chairman. It will be admitted into the record at this point.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 12" and retained
in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. This document, Mr. ChaiiTnan, is dated December 5,
1963, and it shows as the officers and directors of the corporation —
and I would like to quote from the page that contains this informa-
tion:

The names and post office addresses of the directors chosen for the first year
are as follows :

Name Address

Robert M. Shelton 1708 East 15th Street, Tuscaloosa, Alabama

William Otto Perkins Route # 1, Northport, Alabama

Donald E. Luna 4315 — 51 Avenue North, Birmingham. Alabama

R. .T. W. Kimble, Jr. 1309 Panorama Drive Vestavia Hills, Birmingham,

(Alabama
Calvin Fred Craig 772 Pearce Street S.W., Atlanta, Georgia

Mr. Shelton, isn't it a fact that all of the men whose names I have
read to you, with the exception of Mr. Kimble, are members of the
KuKluxKlan?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, under the subscription list of capital
stocks of the Heritage Enterprises, Inc., I find the following : Donald
E. Luna, 115 shares, $1,150; E. J. W. Kimble, Jr., 55 shares, $550;
William Otto Perkins, 25 shares, $2S0.

I wish to ask you. Is not this a false accomiting of shares recorded
by the corporation?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1647

amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Did you receive a $150 advance from Mr. Kimble
after the advancement of the idea of the Heritage Enterprises, Inc. ?

Mr. SiiELTON. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. As a matter of fact, Mr. Shelton, in order to kick off
this Heritage Enterprises, Inc., did you not call a klonvokation to be
held at the Dinkler-Tutwiler Hotel in Birmingham, Alabama, in
February 1964?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that T honestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to enter into the record at
this point copies of three letters, one dated December 31, 1963, ad-
dressed to Mr. Don Luna, Suite 401, Alston Building, Tuscaloosa, Ala-
bama; another dated January 3, 1964, to Mr. Luna, at the same ad-
dress; and a letter dated January 29, 1964, addressed to Mr. Robert
[Bob] Shelton at the same address.

These letters are from the Catering Manager of the Dinkler-Tutwiler
Hotel in Birmingham, Alabama.

I would like to just quote for the record the first paragraph to the
letter to Mr. Shelton dated January 29, 1964 :

We are pleased to confirm our Grand Ballroom for your Banquet on February
8th, and your meeting on February 9tli.

The Chairman. The letters will be admitted into the record at this
point.

(Documents marked "Robert Shelton Exhibits Nos. 13-A through
13-C," respectively, and retained in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, as a part of the 2-day meeting, part of
which was social and part of which was official Klan business, did you
not present to the people assembled, Mr. Kimble, who operated an in-
surance agency in Bessemer, Alabama, and a man by the name of
Harry Richardson, who was representing the Continental Assurance
Company, for them to give sales pitches to your assembled delegates
in the interest of this policy ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. In connection with your arrangements with Mr. Rich-
ardson and the Continental Assurance Company, didn't you sort of be-
come the adviser to him on representatives in each State to handle
the health-life policies which were going to be underwritten by the
Continental Assurance Company ?

1648 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of Amer-
ica.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to enter into the record at
this point a letter dated March 15, 1964, addressed to Mr. Robert
Shelton, at 401 Alston Building, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, which, in
turn, was forwarded to Mr. Harry Richardson and which contains
the following note at the bottom of the original letter: "Write this
man a [sic] make Arrangements for meeting wi'tli Dr. Edwards to
set up Insurance Program for La.," Signed "Bob."

I would like to ask you, sir, is that your signature and your hand-
w^riting ?

(Document handed to witness.)

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that (juestion for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,

4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.
(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 14" aj^peai-s on p.

1649.)

The Chairman. Mr. Shelton, I notice that you are wearing a but-
ton in your lapel. I would like to give you the privilege of explain-
ing that, if you want to.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, at the February meeting at the Dinkler-
Tutwdler Hotel, did you assemble your Grand Dragons from various
areas and other delegates to a klonvokation ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that c[uestion
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, as a matter of fact, because you made the
arrangements for the banquet facilities, was your suite of rooms gratis?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I decline to answer that question for the reason
that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in viola-
tion of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14
of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the committee subpenaed from the
Dinkler-Tutwiler Hotel all records in their possession with respect to
registration of quests. And I have, and would like to enter into the
record at this point, the original registration cards of Robert M. Shel-
ton and Raymond R. Anderson — and I ask you, Mr. Shelton, at that
time whether he was your Grand Dragon from Tennessee,

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments

5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America,
Mr. Appell. I note, Mr. Chairman, that Mr. Anderson's registration

includes Mrs., also.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1649

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 1 4

Jonesboro, Louisiana

March 15, 19^4

Mr. Robert Shelton
401 Alston Building
Tuscaloosa, Alabama

Dear Bob,

John Bates and Leamon Hodnett advised me to write to you concerning
the possibility of establishing the general agency for the Heritage Insurance
Comtany.

I have been interested in this concern since you mentioned the
ooeration on one of your recent trips to Louisiana. At the present time
I am licensed to seil Pan-American and Vulcan lines of ordinary life
insurance. I have had some experience in the fire and casualty business
w^en I worked for my father's agency during high school and college,

I-Iy regular employment is the Assistant Cashier at the Jackson Parish
Bank and I handle the credit life insurance department in addition to
other bank duties. The Pan American and Vulcan is my own personal line
of insurance.

If it is possible to do so I would like to get together with a
representative of the Heritage Insurance Company and see if there is
something we can work out in the way of a general agency. I am not
experienced in the way of getting state charters and such but I am
willing to learn both for the organization and my own benefit.

John tells me that you plan a trip to Louisiana in a couple of
weeks or so and if it is possible I would like to see you in connection
with this business.

If vou should come to Jonesboro and don't find John or Leamon right
away call me at the bank phone 3394 or my house 3959.

Sincerely,

David F. St in son "

^lU 71.

ti u (lytc //-^t -/y

1650 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Craig— was C. F. Craig; your Grand Dragon for
the State of Georgia at that time?

Mr. Appell. Another original registration at the hotel is J. R. Jones.
Is James R. Jones your Grand Dragon from the State of North
Carolina?

Mr. Sheltox. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Another registration for the same dates in February
is Mr. and Mrs. R. E. Scoggin. Was R. E. Scoggin your Grand Dragon
for South Carolina at that time?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
ihe reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(JDocuments marked "Robert Shelton Exhibits Nos. 15-A through
15-E," respectively, appear on pp. 1651-53.)

Mr. Appell. On February 11, 1964, did you give to the Dinkler-
Tutwiler Hotel a check on the Alabama Rescue Service, No. 379, in
the amount of $996, signed by Robert M. Shelton and cosigned by T.
M. Montgomery?

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 16" appears on
p. 1653.)

Mr. Appell. At the klonvokation that was held there, were not elec-
tions held for certain offices on the imperial staff ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that questioii
for the reason tliat I honestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Was Mr. Robert Thompson, of Georgia, elected Im-
perial Klaliff, or vice president, at that meeting ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Was Mr. W. O. Perkins, whom we have just mentioned
in connection with the Heritage Enterprises, Inc., papers elected as
Kligrapp, or imperial secretary, at that meeting?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of ni}- riglits as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1651

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 15-A

1126 SHEtTON- ROBERT M 8-34 47015

H 47825

f-1-W 2/7 TUSC ALA

PLEASE CHECK YOUR BAGGAGE OR SEND SAM£ TO YOUR ROOM: OTHERWISE THE HOTEL. COMPANY WILL

NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR LOSS

Dinkier -Tutwiler

DIRtCTtON

OINKLER HOTEL. CORPORATION

GUESTS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THt COMPANY WILL NOT BE RtSPONSIBl
JEWELRV CLOTHINO ETC UNLtSt. THE SAME ARE DEPOSlTEt

Fir

Room No.

ff-^

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 15-B
952 ANDERSON RAYMOND R 15 -6© 47940

F-OA 2/8 MARYVILLE TENN

H 47940

P1,EA6E CHECK YOUR BAGQAGE OR SEND SAME TO YOUR ROOM: OTHERWISE THE HOTEL COMPANY WfLI.

NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR LOSS.

Dinkier -Tutwiler

otnscTiON
DINXUER HOTEL. CORPORATION

•■pispENatRS or TRUE SouTMenN Hospitality"

GUESTS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIXD THAT THE COMPANY WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR VALUAbLES. MONEY,
JEWELRY. CLDTHINO ETC. UNLESS THE SAME ARE DEPOSITED IN SAFE

^MT^Tf^

1652 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 15-C
857 CRAIG C F & WF 9-^3 47828 ^ 47828

M-W 2/7 ATL GA

PLEASE CHECK YOUR BAGGAGE OR SEND 6AME TO YOUR ROOM: OTHERWISE THt- HOTEL COMPANY Wll

NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR LOSS.

Dinkier -Tutwiler

DIRECTION

DINKLER HOTEL CORPORATION
"DisPENStRS OF True Southern HoaPiTAurr"

GUESTS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE COMPANY WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE 'FOR VALUABLES. MONEY
JEWELRY. CLOTHING ETC UNLESb THE SAME ARE DEPOSITED %N SAFE

Nan.e >1> -r- >n^ Gj/Ci<^ \ .

Street ^7^ <g.i>U.«^ jT City (^ \\ State^tt^

State

Room No. /S^v / R

M otace

/s|m t w t f

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 1 5-D
1104 JONES J R 5-72 47758

H 47758

F-DA 2/7 GRANITE QUARRY N C

PLEASE CHECK YOUR BAGGAGE OR SEND SAME TO YOUR ROOM: OTHERWISE THE HOTEL COMPANY WILL

NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR LOSS.

Dinkier -Tutwiler

DIRECTION

DINKLER hotel CORPORATION
"DispENSEiia OF True Southern Hospitalitv"

GUESTS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE COMPANY WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR VALUABLES. MONEY.
JEWELRY. CLOTHING ETC. UNLESS THE SAME ARE DEPOSITED IN SAFE f

H'^ijzKyt^^^ysu,^^

City yj X ^State

o. / / 70~7X Rat^ f * Clerk ~

// ^^P ^* SMTWTFS

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1653

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 15-E

I05V SOO..,>,S . S . ^ ,-33 ^ H ^7g43

3PARTNABIJRG S C '*-/^0

2/8 RS

PLEASE CHECK VOUR BAGGAGE OR BEND SAME TO YOUR ROOM: OTHERWISE THE HOTEL COMPANY WIVL

NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR LOSS.

Dinkier -Tutwiler .

DIRECTION

DINKLER HOTEL CORPORATION
'Dispensers of True Southern Hospitality"

GUESTS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE COMPANY WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR VALUABLES. MONEY
JEWELRY CLOTHING ETC UNLESS THE SAME AfJE DEPOSITED IN SAFE

Nam^ /!^fr)0^ /C . i.

Street j/f Qfj^ifAi /luf^^^ >^!^^^^»/^»^^Sf^te ^<e_

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 1 6

Mr. Appell. Was Mr. Fredrick Smith elected Imperial Klabee or
imperial treasurer at that meeting?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, at the same hotel in September of 1964
did you hold another klonvokation ?

1654 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to enter into the record at
this point a letter dated June 23, 1964, on the letterhead of the United
Klans of America, Inc., Suite 401, The Alston Building, Tuscaloosa,
Alabama, Office of the Imperial Wizard. [Reads full text of letter.]

The Chairman. The letter will be received in evidence.

(Letter marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 17" follows:)

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 1 7

UNITED KLANS OF AMERICA

• UITE 401 - THC ALSTON BUILOINO
TUSCALOOSA, ALABAMA

orpice or the luriitiAL wiiakd

;.r. 'i'. ..dlCfcl

Cottririei Mjiiijf^tr
DinK.ler-Tutv.ilfcr
dir.aiiif-.ham, AiuLoinii

Liebr .:r. tar eel:

(V6 woulQ like to nave a conf irmotioxi oii L.,e u.ji,e
we previously Uf^reed on Feorutiiy 9th jbout otf.teiitL.r
5tfi olid bth for our tdn^iUfct sna couveiiticj..

Please j^ive us a dijte v.hen we lu^y ootie ouu tali*.
to you about tne an onj^eiueuts.

Let us hetr Irom you cS scou as pcosible.

Sincerely ,

iiheltC/Xi
RiJ3:b3

Mr. Appell. Under the same subpena of the Dinkler-Tutwiler Hotel
we received original copies of hotel registrations and, in the case of
this meeting, cards which were printed by the Dinkler-Tutwiler Hotel
which were distributed to the United Klans of America for them to
make advance re.servations.

I would like to enter at this point the original registration of Mr.
Robert M. Shelton, which shows the stamped date of September 4,
1964; Mr. Raymond R. Anderson, who, according to the registration
form, was accompanied by Mr. Claude L. Abbott, dated September 5,
1964; the original request for a reservation, and I would like, Mr.
Chairman, to read this. It is a printed form, printed, as I said earlier,
by the Dinkler-Tutwiler Hotel. It states on the top :

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1655

"Make Your Hotel Reservations Now!" and there is printed:

"I will be attending' the convention of" followed by a blank space,
which this card has filled in as the Alabama Rescue Service.

"I will arrive Friday, the 4th [approximately] 11 p.m. I will de-
part Sunday the 6th [approximately] 5 p.m. Reserve for me the
following accommodations: double bedroom," with the typed signa-
ture, "J. M. Edwards, 424 6th St., Jonesboro, Louisiana."

I also attach to this as part of the same exhibit the original registra-
tion card of Dr. and Mrs. James M. Edwards.

(Documents marked "Robert Shelton Exhibits Nos. 18-A through
18-D," respectively, appear on pp. 1656, 1657.)

Mr. Appell. I ask if Dr. Edwards is your Grand Dragon for
Louisiana.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I feel my answer may tend to incriminate me in viola-
tion of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of
the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to enter into evidence a
request for

The Chairman. Have you already placed the last documents into
the record ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Very well.

Mr. Appell. I would like to enter into evidence at this point, Mr.
Chairman, a request for hotel accommodations for the purpose of at-
tending the Alabama Rescue Service, with the indication that the
party intended to arrive on August 2 and claims to leave Au^st 5.
It is signed by James R. Jones, P. O. Box 321, Granite Quarry, North
Carolina.

I have attached as part of the exhibit the original registration of
Mr. Jones, which shows that he checked in at 10 :28 on September 2,
1964.

Was Mr. Jones in September your Grand Dragon for the State of
North Carolina?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Documents marked "Robert Shelton Exhibits Nos. 19-A and
19-B," respectively, appear on p. 1658.)

Mr. Appell. I would like to enter into the record at this point, Mr.
Chairman, a request for hotel accommodations for the purpose of
attending the Alabama Rescue Service convention, signed E. L. Mc-
Daniel, 2156 Second Street, Natchez, Mississippi, and the original reg-
istration card is stamped September 5, 1964.

Was E. L. McDaniel your Grand Dragon for the State of Missis-
sippi at the time he registered in the hotel on September 5 ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer right tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Documents marked "Robert Shelton Exhibits Nos. 20-A and
20-B," respectively, appear on p. 1659 :)

1656

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 1 8- A
522*4^ SHELTON ROBERT M COMP 656tf

M»W V4> TU€C AL^

H 65600

PLEASE CHECK YOUR BAaOAGE OR SEND SAME TO YOUR ROOM :OTHCRWIU THE HOTKI.

NOT BE RESK>NBIBLK FOB LjOBS

yB LOW

DujJdef-'TOtwiiCT

omccnoN

DINKLER HOTEL CORPORATION

■oiapcHam* or Thus •outmoin MemrrtAirrr-

GUEBTS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE COMPANY WIU. NOT BE RESFONBIBLB FOR VALUABUt*. MOMCV.
JEWELRY. CljOTNINa CTC. UNUSB.THE BAME ARE DEPOSITED IN SAFE

ame

hrtehT-

\lI. yu lU*/

StreetQurf^ "f-O/ , ^^,V State

Finn ^/OV >y/^ City^/t^ SC ^ /< ^A State /^/>fL

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 1 8-B

1261 ANDERSiN RAYMfiND R 18-72 65886
ABBOTT aAUDE

c-rt f-5 MARYVU-LE TENN

H 65886

PLEASE CHfeCK YOUR BAGGAGE OR BEND SAME TO YOUfT ROOM lOTHERWISE THE HOTEL COMPANY WIUL

NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR LOSS

TTT

Dinkl^al'titwU

OmCCTION

DINKLER HOTEL CORPORATION
"DispcNacna Op Tru)i BouTMnN Hocpitauty"

aUESTS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT. THE COMPANY WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOB VALUABLES MONEY.
JEWELRY. cl"^HiM<; F.TC. UNLESS THE SAME APF. DEPOSITED IN. SAFE

Street" '/?^/d (/ i^

Room No.

— — ' "^ ^ %w\

Oert

WTFS

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1657

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 1 8-C

MAKE YOUR HOTEL RESERVATIONS NOW!

I will be attending the convention of the

(name^jpf group or association)

1 will arrive (day) 4tl:L_. . (date) (hour)J_Lp. m.

I will depart (day) SuiU. (date) fith (hnur) 5p m.

Reserve for me the following accommodations . . .
(check one) □ single [^ double bedroom

Q twin bedroom (^ suite

YOUR NAME •' . iw.jjjdwards

ADDRESS 4S4 6th St. __^__

CITY Jonasboro, Louisiana

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 18-D

^53 tD'-VARDS OR J M k WF 9-38

65606 \

jonesboro la

9-4 R3

H 65606

PUEASC CHECK YOUR BAGGAGE OR SEND SAME TO YOUR ROOM ;OTHERWISE THE HOTEL COMPANY WILL

NOT BE RESPONS^Bf.E FOR LOSS

i;)ii|MfeV-Tutwiler

*J ' DIRECTION

DINKLER HOTEL CORPORATION

• Dispensers op True Southern Hospitality-

GUESTS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE COMPANY WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR VALUABLES. MONEY
JEWELRY. CLOTHING ETC. UNLESS THE SAME ARE DEPOSITED IN SAFE

Nfi

Street

No.

fea

City'
Rale

qtt'-

7 ^Am tWTFS

Clerk

1658

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 1 9-A

MAKE YOUR HOTEL RESERVATIONS NOW!

I will be atteoding the convention iif th6~.' .
> (name of group or ossj

-. m.
.. m.

I will arrive (rlny) //&</. . (dofe) /P« <r- J- (hou^)-

I will depart (day)-s2:£iL_ftZr |(i(jtel ^ ^,-^._£__JMjf)-

Reserve for me the following accommodotions . . .
(check one) Q single 0^-double bedroom

□ suite

YOUR t^Mt^-Ati^iS P) . -<V-. V^-^-

ADORESS Z:^::: ^^'-A -^.^Z

CITY ^wix?A//-r'^ 4'^,^n-Ry . /V'Ci

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 1 9-B
440-Z^2 JOnES 0 r? & MRS lC-4© 654G2

M-T 9/2 GRAN4TE QUAMfT M C

H 65402

PLEASE CHECK YOUR BAGGAGE OR SEND SAME TO YOU

NOT BE RESPON^"^

^^g5g^R^

OTHERWISE THE HOTEL COMPANY WIUL
LOSS

Di^^eJ- -Tutwiler

DIRKCTION

DINKLER HOTEL CORPORATION
"DispcNSEiiS OP True Southern HoapiTAurv

GUESTS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE COMPANY WILL NOT B^RESPONSIBLE FOR VALUABLES. MONEY.
JEWELRY. CLOTHING ETC. UNLESS THE SAME AME DEPOSITED IN SAFE

Name
Street
Fi

y . City , / .

rirm / ^

Room No. ^^y^O

StafJ

VsrC,

"^ ^MTWTFS

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1659

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 20-A

MAKE YOUR HOTEL RESERVATIONS NOW!

I Will be attending the convention of the

'••^i<t^-g>g-<'_

(name of group or association)

I will arrive (ciay)_ "-^^^^ . (dnte)-$V/A7" vS" (hmir)^/?. m

I will depart (doy) -St^/U (Hntp) ^£^7' ^ (hour)^^. m.

Reserve for me the following accommodotions . . .
(check one) □ single □ double bedroom

0 twin bedroom ""^^.4/^^ O suite

rOUR NAME ^1 c^ )'P:P <iiCJa^^>^^''
ADDRESS P/^U' ^-r^Cft^^^ ^-Y

CITY y^l^^-i^C^fZ^i^ J j^^y<i<><^

TU^/^^j 7Z^^

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 20-B

')'. 'JVJiEL E L 7-54 65656

NAT :^i3S
9-'r R3

H 65656

PLEASE CHECK YOUR BAGGAGE OR SEND SAME TO YOUR. BOOM : OTHERWISE THE HOTEL COMPANY WILL

NOT BE RESPONa|wtf^aFOR LOSS

,ME TO YOUR. BOC
RESPO{^^mj^gUFC

Diiakl^r -Tutwiler

DIRCCTION

DINKLER HOTEL CORPORATION

•Dispensers of True Southern Hosfitalitv

GUESTS ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE COMPANY WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR VALUABLES. MONEY
JEWELRY. CLOTHING ETC. UNLESS THE SAME ARE DEPOSITED IN SAFE

atne

^S<^^^J^

Street J-IS-f, , A^vJL^ City

Firm^'^^^^^ ^^ ^^^ >e.*<^City
Room No. /T"; ^.^-Z Rate

Stale

State

Pf-^

Clerk

SMI WTFS

1660 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. During the business part of this convention, Mr. Shel-
ton, were there additional elections to imperial office of the organiza-
tion which you call the United Klans of America, Inc., I^ights of the
Ku Klux Klan, but which is chartered the "Invisible Empire, United
Klans, Knights Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc.," additional elections
to the imperial staff, imperial offices ?

Mr. Shelton, Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to in-
criminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. As a matter of fact, Mr. Shelton, weren't you re-
elected at this klonvokation unopposed ?

Mr. Shei.ton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I lionestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me under amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Was there also elected to the imperial level at this
klonvokation as the Klokard Mr. Robert Collins of Birmingham,
Alabama ?

Mr. Shelton. May I counsel ?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Would you repeat the question ?

Mr. Appell, Was Mr. Robert Collins, of Birmingham, Alabama,
elected as Klokard?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, it is the committee's infonnation, based
on its investigation, that also elected to the imperial staff at that time,
and I shall name all of the officers before I ask you the question :

As the Imperial Kludd or chaplain, the Reverend George Dorsett,
from North Carolina ; as the Imperial Kladd, Mr. Robert Hudgins, of
Raleigh, North Carolina; as the Imperial Klarogo or imier guard,
Mr. Walter Brown, of Sumter, South Carolina ; as the Imperial Klex-
ter, Mr. Robert Korman, of Miami, Florida; as the Imj)erial Night-
Hawk, Dr. Amos Pedigo.

Were those men elected at that klonvokation?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, as a result of a demand by the secretary
of state of North Carolina, did you execute on July 2 and file with the
secretary of state of North Carolina on July 7 an Application for
Certificate of Authority for a foreign corporation to do business in the
State of North Carolina ?

Mr. Shelton. Maj^ I counsel, please?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1661

Mr. Appell. Tlie form required by the State of North Carolina
under section 7 calls for the names and addresses of all of the directors
and officers of the corporation.

This application, Mr. Chairman, was filed in the name of the "Invis-
ible Empire, United Klans, Knights Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc.,"
setting forth that it was a Georgia corporation.

The Chairman. Are the officers named ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, they are named.

The Chairman. Name them and ask the question.

Mr. Appell. The names listed are "Robert M. Shelton, President;
Mr. Melvin Sexton, Secretary; Mr. Robert Thompson, Vice-President;
Mr. W. O. Perkin,^ Treasurer."

I would like to ask, due to the fact that your constitution calls for
16 officers, why you did not fully comply with the North Carolina
law and set forth all of the officers and directors as this document
called for ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestlj^ feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,

4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask that a copy of this
certification be made a part of the record at this point.

The Chairman. The document is admitted, but before its admission,
the reservations and all previous documents, if they have not already
been offered, will be received in evidence as they were respectively
referred to.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 21" appears on
pp. 1662-64.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, I note here that Mr. Melvin Sexton is
listed as secretary, and I also note in the corporate return filed in
July of 1965 with the Internal Revenue Service that Melvin Sexton
signs as secretary.

When and under what circumstances did he replace Mr. W. O.
Perkins as the Kligrapp or secretary of the organization ?

Mr. Shelton. Ma;^ I counsel ?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, would you repeat the question, please?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir. I said that Mr. Melvin Sexton is shown on
this document and is also shown on the corporate return filed in July
1965 as secretary.

I would like to know when he replaced Mr. W. O. Perkins as secre-
tary, imperial secretary, or Imperial Kligrapp.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrim-
inate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments

5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.
Mr. Appell. Did this action happen at the same time Mr. Perkins

replaced Mr. Smith as treasurer ?

1 Correct name W. O. Perkins.
59-222 O — 67— pt. 1 10

1662 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 2 1

J:l ? :Ji!nHi^i;5

SiiC:;.-! ! ■:,! '..) 31 ATE
I'.tix: .1 b.-.I-.liLi.^A

APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORITY

FOREIGN CORPORATION

INVISIBLE EMPIRE UNITED KLANS, KNIGHTS KU KLUX KLAN OF AMERICA, INC.

(N&ni« of CorporatloD)

Georgia

onrsDlzed and existing ander the law« of tl)« Stat« of , beech? °>i^^ application for aathorlty to

transact boalneu in the State of North Carolina, and In compliance with the provlaions of Section 5S-138 of the General Statutes of North
Carotloa. make* the followlajr siAtement:

INVISIBLE EMPIRE UNITED KLANS, KNIGHTS KU KLUX

1. The name of the corpormtlon li J.

KLAN OF AMERICA, INC.

2. The coTtcntlou w.. lncoTiio™t*d nader the Uw. ol the SUte of -GC.Q.rii.i.3 oa the .._?_ imr of„-.?.?.£H£.'^

61 Thirty-Five Years

19 , and b in good atandltig la Ita home state. The period of duration of the corporation Is Z. „ .

S. The name the corporation electa to oxe In the State of North Carolina Is*

INVISIBLE EMPIliE UNITED KLANS, KNIGHTS KU KLUX KLAN OF AMERICA, INC.

4, Tbe address (inelading street and number, if anr) of the home or principal office o( the corporation in the state of incorpor*tloa Is

Suite 401 Alston Bldg., Tuscaloosa, Alabama

5. ^le address (Iscludlog street and number, if any) of the propoGed registered office of the eorporation Id the State of North Carolina

fa_P,_0._DQX .121^ Granite Quarry, Morth Carolina ^ Rov/anCountX

and tba name of the proposed registered agent at soeh address upon whom process may be ■enrcd Is Jz-J-^J. Z.jzJ}^,,. „____

6. The purposa or purposes which the corporation propoE»«s to pursue in the transaction of business In the State of North Carolina are:

The general purpose of the corporation shall be to teach patriot-
ism, to support the Constitution and Laivs of the United States
and the several States wlierein said corporation may be established,
and to maintain the liberty bequeathed to us by our forefathers,
and to preserve the American way of life.

• If the name of the corporation does not contain the word "corporation", "company", "incorporated", or "limited",
or an abbreviation of one of such words, insert the name of the corporation with the word or abbreviation which
It ptocH frn n^A thrr^tn fr^r use in thp Sfntp of N"rth Cnrnlinn.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1663

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 21 — Continued

7. The Dinia and addresses (iDcludme atreet and number, Ef any) of all of the directors aitd officers of the corporation are:

Mr'. Robert M. Shelton

Hr. ITqlvln Sexton

Mr. Robert Thompson
Hr. W. 0. Perkln

Suits 401 Alston Bldg,, Tuscaloosa, Ala.

Suite JiJOl Alston Bldg., Tuscaloosa, Ale

Marbletonj Georgia

17 Lakg Slisrwood, North Port, Ala.

Hr. Rnb^r^: 11^ Shslton

Mr. Hslvin Sexton

Mr. Robei^ Thompson

Mr. W. 0. Perldn

Vr-y.s^.cZent

Sscrotory

V103-?rosldent

Troasui-'er

Tuscaloosij
Suite 401 Alston Bldg.fAla .

, . «, , T-accaloos^-j

Siilte 401 Alston Bldg., ^^^^ .

Marbleton, Georgia

17 lakeShenvood, North Port , Ale

S. The Dumber of shares which the corporation has authority to issue, itemized by classes, par *value of aharea, aharee without par value,
and series, if any. within a claso. is as follows:

Number of
Shares

Par Value, or Statement that Shares

are without par value

II 0 N E

9. The number of shares actually issued by the corporation, itemiiced by classes, par value of shares, shares without par value, and series.
If any. within a class, is as follows:

Number of
Shares

Par Value, or Statement that Shares
are without par value

II 0 :i E

10. In consideration of the issuance of a Certificate of Authority to transact business in the SUte of North Carolina, the corporation
hereby appoints the SecreUry of SUte of North Carolina as iU agent to receive service of process, notice or demand whenever the corpor-
ation fails to appoint or maintain a registered agent in the State of North Carolina, or whenever any such resistered asent cannot with
reasonable dilisenee be found at the regiiitered office of the corporation.

1664 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 21 — Continued

11. Attached hereto la a copy of the Articles of Incorporation knd all amendments thereto, or ft copy of the reiLated, Integrated or
consolidated charter of the corporation, duly authenticated by the proper officer of the state or country wherein incorporated.

IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, this statement is biijned by the president and .,. ._._ Secretary.

^--^^'^- -"--J-y-l-y- *-°-"-"SlsVISlBLE EMPIRE UNITED KLANS, OIGMT3 KU

KLUX KLaN OF hI-ERICA, INC. ,

Presiclent

Secretary (
STATE OF .-.iA-ir^i—'Izi'ili-- -

COUNTY or _....TliSCnLpCSA_

..J?.9_^?-?lt.J'l^.._?]l?.it9.n and _._.l';i^l-YiJOL_Sexton_„_ ,»eh

belns duly sworn, deposes and says that he sisned tbe foresoinir "Application for Certificate of Authority" in the capacity indicated, and
that the statements therein contained are true and correct.

Sworn to and subscribed before me thU .4I}-j^.. day of J_]-1.4A'L . A.D. 19_.Oi3l .

S^d^..±?2^- J^^

y NoUry Publl.- ^^

State of Alabama at Large.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, have you ever had service in the mili-
tary of the United States ?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

The Chairman. I cannot conceive that disclosure as to service to
your country can incriminate you. I direct you to answer the ques-
tion.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, you, according to the military rec-
ords— Mr. Shelton, after your term of enlistment expired, because
of the Korean emergency, all men were frozen in service. Did you re-
quest of the Air Force a hardship discharge on the grounds that you
had to assist your mother and father in the operation of a grocery
store ?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1665

under the amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United
States of America.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that you were discharged after this plea
on July 9, 1951, and returned to your employment with Goodrich
Service — or Tire & Rubber Company on August 7 ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, would you repeat that question, please?

Mr. Appell. Yes. Isn't it true that you were separated from service
because of your request for a hardship discharge because of the need to
help your parents operate a grocery store on July 9, 1951, and isn't it
a further fact that you returned to your employment as a tirebuilder
or tireworker at the Goodrich Tire & Rubber Company, Tuscaloosa,
Alabama, on August 7, less than 30 days after your discharge ?

Mr. Appell. And this was when a lot of our boys were losing

The Chairman. Proceed with the next question.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, are you the holder of a citizens band
raido license?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to enter into the record at
this point an application for a citizens band license, Class D, signed
by Robert M. Shelton, notarized by Alvin B. Sisk, whose name we
discussed yesterday in connection with the first signature card of the
Alabama Rescue Service.

I would like to read from this form : "How is radio to be used in
connection with applicant's business or personal activities?" And
there is stated thereunder : "To be used m connection with Emergency
rescue activities."

Item 9 is an addendum to the original form. It is amended to read
as follows :

This radio equipment is to be used in connection with my personal activities
and business. I am in the business of selling two-way radio equipment to cus-
tomers in this area. I conduct my business under my own name.

There was requested permission to operate six mobile units.

Is that a truthful application, Mr. Shelton ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, would you repeat that question ?

Mr. Appell. Is that a truthful application?

Mr. Shelton. Would you repeat the question concerned?

Mr. Appell. I will show you the document and ask you to look at
the entries on it, and answer if the application was truthfully executed.

(Document handed to witness.)

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 22" follows:)

1666

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 22

fee Forir SOS
Scplcirber 19S8

Form Approved

Budget Bureau No. S>*RI23.8

CITIZENS RADIO LICENSE ;^^-

This auihofizatioa perm us che use only of transmitters whicb; (1) Are
i.sted under Special Condiuoas below, (2) appear in the Commission's
"Radio Equipment List. Part C", or (3) in (he case of Oass C or ■
Class n stations, are crystal controlled.

«. iClass of station (Ocdi one)

^COMMISSION FIL& COPT

POI COHWitllOH Ull ONLY

6 Q 1,311

•jraeouEMCtci

Class D Olass 0

l/»^E«IUKM

WiiMOo THAwminEai

1 at letxxxifi locjticrs, are ixluilDd i

iitrcjiiai - . ^ _- _. _

Alalsfaaa, Georgia, Tennessee, Florida
Mis^-isslppi, North Car. L South Car,

». Location of oditrol pointls)

/ ir»/ f»rp (see tnslruct'ons)

Robert M, Shelton

ftJ >^ilirvL JCWpss (rtrter, street,, citir, Kne, autty, stale)

rtj t^ihrvL joorpss inrter, street, city, Kne, oo

170S E. 15th Street

Tuscaloosa, Al2bai2a( Tuscaloosa CoH

Special Conditions:

FOR COMMISSION tiSE ONLY

.'s;c:. T> &

. Ucalio- of transritierisl at i fixeo ItxjtK

Umixt 4^^t[,eet (or ol^e^ indication of location)

'tkW

DNA

Utitixte

bttnty

DKA

Lortjduoe

Term of arthOTtzatlon: This arttoriat

and will eipire 3:00 A. V. EST _„

firther ccrdtticns as set fa-th en reverse side

-m^wyz*^^

and IS su>;ect to

Br direction of the FEDERAL COMHUNICATTONS COMMISSION

FOLD HERE-

'. State irfvther acoMcanl ts (Oivj^ one)
Individual NT^ Partner*iD Q

G^eimcHal Entity I
I If applicant •» a corporation or 4

«. ^a^ i*i 1 1 appi icant om the radio eoiipnent?

•B-D

If anawr is 'Hi'.

live narre of o«nef

tk/ If not tie exner of t^e radio eoiiptrenl, is applicant a party to a
lease or other ^rewient ^nie^ mhicfi control "i 1 1 ce e«erctsed in
ire same nanrwr as 1 1 the eojitrent «ere 0"ned oy the appi icant?

{rt Will applicant have uilimiled access to the oramises/station and
■ill effective (neasures oe laken to prevcnl use of the radio
eQjici>ent oy u^jthorijed persons?

f. HjK is raoio to oe used in connection «ilh appl icant's cxciness a personal activities?
(Use space on t^e. reverse of this oage or attach additional sfeet if necessary.]

To bp u"^-d in connpotior^-rr«p>^ //■■
r.npr^pncy rescue PctiuZ-i'^C^i ''•^■i'^li--

if ycu are no arthoriwd to cperate the .
siaticn referred to in this awlicatian.
give cat I st(p and present freqjency, and
state ahy ycu are filing this apclication

-JDK A-

roi coMMittiOM u>e onlt

If for Class C or Class 0 station^ are trangnitters crystal corHroHgi? / ^E*CiSj "^l I
If antwma *\ li eslend "ore than 20 feet xxse gnxro or tiore than 20 feet «o»e an e«<5ting

irert-maOe structixe on utiich it •ill De fliMited, give the foM'
rtenna feet. "can sea le«

•^.7*7

'1 at ant

^i\*:'

?)•»■«

*t, Vve cal i SI /I of user , . — .' - t . . _^ _,„_^

'jv'jr>i*? striicl(J[ir-\«'"l profile s*>eich s^^>lr^ Structure teight vo antovu heif^t.

lf.u^5 -Vfti j'-iti^u's forijiAetl station, attach a diagram Waning the local tens ol all the
otf (* '^jti'^ ^♦ii&! icCic'.V io4M; ^ fiieo) m the systo" and the area of operations of

Tf^

«. I'll i-. iw^p/.;? 1^,-1, use d IrTitiS

1 Ji ores nol xcear on tie tirTussiai's 'teJio tojicrcnt list,
transmitter m a Class Cor D ^i^CT^. <£srioe ax]j transnittir- in

crfrvi":.;

^f-A^ti A^uc^ fcjiitKjHi Sects.

ilblts are a material part hereof and are incorporated

All the siaiertients rr,ad<> In the appllc4llon and aifi^^d exhilsfts ac^'>on^ider?cfcjnaim7lj7rpr<^^alion#r and all ^na V^
herein as If sel out in full In Ihe application. jti.^^ "(^-''^V ''.'* Z*^ *; *. O >■ "* yS^'^i^

I cerlify that I have a currrnt copy n( Part 19 of iI)^<;ommlsslftri'^ Rulus Rovrrnlng jS<^CU|4<'riy*pa^llo Ss.r*tcy Y"*>^
U an Individual or partner.ihip appliranl, 1 also ciVHlii that I, of each pjnncr. is a^cfil^t'ii vittl\i'*nn|fo4 Kfrius.'^nd eighteen or more years ot age (or twelve or more years of
age If for Class C). I also certify that I am not (oi*,1t^partnership.' ;n^po^atlon.^r■assocuIlonSJ'-l^e a^^lic^nl. that each partner, the corporation or the association Is not]
the rcprcftenlatlvr of any alien or any foreign govcrPtA^r;!. that [ wai^e any claln/fo'ttic use ol any particular frequency or of the ether as against the regulatory power of the
United States because of previous usi- ol lA? <iame, wfwiiif^y license or othcr;^i»y that I accept full respoa&lbllUy for tlie operation of. and will reuin control of any Cltixens
Radio Station licensed to mp purswtnl to this aprllcatloVw^cCordance^ih tf^ 1^ and the Rules ofTTie Fedn^ Communications Con.iMsalOA. I further certify that said siatton
will not be used for any purpo-te contrary to federal, statcSa^Acjir I^Mrt.-* '*^^ ^••^^' ^ - j^ '^\^

Smocribed and scm to oefore

M.. ._/«-_

<toj of ^ij-i

umaTuit oe *en.PC*Mt owar amh «tm nam a* imomi « ma wui

totaryftulic ^CxC^:^'^^

;r:J??-^Csi

t^ offnisslon evires .

iV>£

Indivldual'ipplicant

Usioer of icpl icant Partnership
] Officer of *ee"'canl Corporation or J
1 Official of G>erTnBnUI Entity

(DIMCNATI areweaiATf CLAUffKaTrtM B(L0.|

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1667

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 22 — Continued

KCC Form 730 united states of America Form Approved.

April I'o'J FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION B"''*" B""" no. 52- rus

SASHINCTON 25. D. C.

ATTACHMENT TO RESUBMITTED APPLICATION

INSTRUCTIONS TO APPLX.'-iNT : According to law all applications must be signed under oath or affirmation
before a Notary Public or other official authorized to adininister oaths. If you supply any additional information,
or make cny changes in the application form, you must again swear to it before a Notary Public or other official.
This form is for your convenience. After you have made the corrections in the attached returned application, or
if you wish, after you have supplied the information called for on any additional sheets of paper you may attach
to the returned application form, sign this and check the proper block below before a Notary who will fill in the
remaining blanks.

The space below or the reverse side of this sheet may be used for any additional information required to cor-
rect the application.

Ited 9: is anmended to read as Tollovvs:

This rauio equipinent is to be used in connection with my
personal activities and business. I am in the business of
selling two-way raaio equipment to customers in this area.
I conduct Lzy business under my own name.

Item 11, is araaended to read as follows:

The transmitters that will be used under this license are
crystal controlled.

I hereby certify that the information- supplied on the attached form or on this and on any additional sheets
attached thereto is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief. ^

Robert M. Shelton ^ cl!- ^'^'^LM./^ '^^^^

APPLICANT (Must agree with name os shown on the application.) (Designate appropriate classification below)

I 3Q Individual Applicaot
I 1 Member of Applicaot PariDcrship
{ _ I Officer of Appticaoi Corpoiatloa or Aasociatioo

Signed, under oath (or affirmation), O Official of GoveioiDeaiBi Emiiy

/ 1 f >"' '^

before me this A diy; p/ L..4Mys..l...C. .L,.19 ..6.1.

Notary Public: \J:^l::±:.:-:^....^l.L::.:7:i..^..&.:. (SEAL)

(of rtorpo ond titl&^of o^or Darcon ccmp«tent to administer oaths)

My commission expires ...i£..„A.yii.y.§.t...l.9.^^.?. —

GPO 909566

1668 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairiman. Mr. Shelton, did you ever engage in individual res-
cue service ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to inci'iminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Isn't it a fact that you misstated — to use a harsh
word — the purpose of the application just referred to, to your Govern-
ment, but that this application was to be used, and has in fact been
used, in connection with that phony front outfit, the Alabama Kescue
Service, which is part of your so-called Invisible Empire operations?

Mr. AsHBROOK. Mr. Chairman?

The Chairman. Yes.

Mr. Ashbrook. Many rescue services specialize in pets and animals.
Possibly your rescue service directed their attention towards this
species. Would that be correct ?

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Chairman, may I state that I don't see any
legislative purpose in answering a question like that.

The Chairman. That is a proper question. We are probing into
whether there was any validity attached to the application in con-
nection with any kind of rescue. I mentioned the human kind, and
Mr. Ashbrook referred to other kinds. I think it is a proper question.
But we will not prolong it.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to mcriminate
me in violation of my rights guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,

4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, have you and other members of the Klan
in the Tuscaloosa, Alabama, area, used these citizens band radios
which you have in your possession for the purpose of conducting Klan
activities ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me, in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Have you used the citizens band radios for the pur-
pose of intimidating any citizens in the Tuscaloosa, Alabama, area?

5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.
Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, I show you a photograph of yourself

seated in front of a typewriter, talking over a piece of radio equip-
ment.

I ask you to examine the photograph, the three pieces of radio
equipment shown in the photograph, and I ask you whether or not
any of this equipment can be used to monitor police channels.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1669

(Photograph handed to witness.)

Mr, Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Photograph marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 23" follows:)

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 23

Robert M. Shelton using short wave radio.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, were you ever employed by the Dixie
Engineering Corporation of Mobile, Alabama?

The Chairman. Isn't it a fact that you received at least $4,000
from that employment and performed no services ?

1670 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my ans\Yer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. I think I should rephrase the question to come
within the exact information of the committee. Isn't it a fact that you
received at least $4,000 from the company named because you knew
your way around in Montgomery and because of your ability to exer-
cise political influence ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. And again in fairness, which is not a question but
which conforms to the information of the committee, it is my impres-
sion, anyway, that the payments were made by a rather unwilling vic-
tim of yours.

Mr. Shelton. May I confer with counsel ?

The Chairman. I didn't ask a question, but if you want to I will put
it in the shape of a question.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to enter into the record at
this point original checks payable — some to Eobert M. Shelton, some
to Eobert Shelton, some to E. C. Shelton, and we have testimony that
these are all one and the same man, which represent payments to him
by the Dixie Engineering Company.

I would like them to be entered into the record at this point.

(Documents marked "Eobert Shelton Exhibits Nos. 24^A tlirough
24-H," respectively, appear on pp. 1671-1673.)

Mr. Appell. I would like to ask you whether or not it is a fact that
you failed to report much of this income on your personal income tax
return.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in vio-
lation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14
of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. The checks have been received in evidence at the
point where they were referred to.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, have you an employee in the office by the
name of Lewis E. Perkins?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to have entered into the
record at this point telephone toll slips which we subpenaed by a
subpena duces tecum from the telephone conipany, which shows that
the telephone bills to the Alabama Eescue Service are sent care of

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1671

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 24-A

.!»-

Jei_.Nb..

■ 31 *

Bai^kOIf ¥k^M Apple

.YTOTBE

^^..f

PINC APPLE, ALABAMA

r-f-^f^^ /^^.^aJm^I

•:oE>ei»oa»,Ei:

.Aw

J2SU

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 24-B

/^7

CiTizcns SflffiK ¥ fiuWf Compflny

6 1 -6t 7
~tt2 I

•«

^^-^1

PAYABLE AT W«?

■ij

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 24-C

OHDEROF

Five hundred doll

copies i^AMui

NOrTRUST CO

' " McwrrooMisirr.AiA^.

'i^f'^^-b'^i^i? .^ep^*^— t j 7— --2^-m Dollars

1672

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 24-D

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 24-E

19^/ yo./^^(^

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 24-F

<>jateigfillenf^I&^H0d^ Biaiite

^o.M^^L

OF- MOBlue

Mobile, AlabAina-

.t'^.L^ „ v,iB.4^-

:$_j2^:0_

61-29
651

6<>

ro liars

DIXIE ENGINEERING CORF.

06 51-OOJSC "O''? &l{ fi*"

-=v

•,'9^1 h'OOOOO 50000/

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1673

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 24-G

ALTOOM.

frtmnER OF .

J"-^

• •jj»i'»^M* -<«#'

p Ji^/hdAji^

^arrf^ »rl*yh"y- — ■

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 24-H

Pay to

^ ..'OTi— .COLLARS

AN NISTOM ALABAMA

i:o&2i'"00s»,«:

^A ^^-/^i^W^^2>4^

Lewis E. Perkins, Alston Building, Koom 401, Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

The Chairman. The documents will be received in evidence at this
point.

(Documents marked "Eobert Shelton Exhibit No. 25." One of said
toll slips appears on p. 1674; balance retained in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, when did you first become a member of
the Ku Klux Khm '^

The Chairman. Is it your position that joining the Klan is some-
thing which may result in criminal prosecution ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, from the official court records of the
secretary of state, probate courts, the State of Alabama, the com-

1674

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1675

mittee has received certain documents about which I would now like
to question IVIr. Shelton.

Mr. Shelton, I have a document dated the 10th day of June 1957,
signed by "E. L. Edwards As President (Imperial Wizard), Wm, A.
Daniel, br., As Secretary (Kligrapp)," which notification says that
Robert M. Shelton is the agent of the U.S. Klans, Knights of the Ku
Klux Klan, Inc., for the State of Alabama.

Is that a factual document, sir ?

(Document handed to witness.)

(Witness confers witli counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. On November 4, 1959, were you removed from your
office of Grand Dragon by Imperial Wizard E. L. Edw^ards?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to have entered into the
record at this point the document designating Mr. Shelton as agent
for the U.S. Klans.

The Chairman. The document will be received in evidence at this
point.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 26" appears on
p. 1676.)

Mr. Appell. I would like to introduce in evidence at this point a
document of the U.S. Klans, with the heading at the top "E. L.
Edwards, Imperial Wizard, P.O. Box 21, College Park, Georgia,"
addressed to the Secretary of State, State of Alabama, Montgomery,
Alabama :

DEAR SIR.

Please be informed that on November 4th, 1959 by orders of the Imperial
Wizard (President) that one (Robert M. Shelton, 1708 E, 15th, St. Tuscaloosa,
Ala. "Was removed from the OflSce of and as the Agent of the U.S. Klans,
Knights of the Ku Klux Klans, Inc. in and for the State of Alabama.

Will you Please remove the above Name from your Files as the Agent of and
for the U.S. Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klans, Inc,

A replacement will be forthcoming.

Signed "E. L. Edwards, Imperial Wizard."
The Chairman. The document will be received in evidence.
(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 27.")
Mr. Appell. I would like to introduce the next document on the
same letterhead, also signed by E. L. Edwards, addressed to the Sec-
retary of State, dated November 25, 1959 :

Dear Sir,

Please be informed that after careful consideration, we are now re-instateing
[sic] Robert M. Shelton, 1708 E. 15th, St. Tuscaloosa, Alabama, as the Agent for
the U.S. Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klans, Inc. in the State of Alabama.

The Chairman. That will be received in evidence.
(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 28.")

1676 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 26

"Office of U. S. Klans, Knight Of The Ku Klux Klan, Inc."
Located at Atlanta, Fulton County, Georgia.

In compliance with the provisions of Title 10, Section
19?, et sequ. of the 1940 Code of Alabama, and Section 232 of
the Constitution of Alabama, 1901, U. S. Klans, Knights of the
Ku Klux Klan , a corporation or association organized under the
laws of the State of Georgia, and having its principal place of
business, in the City of Atlanta, State of Georgia, herewith
files a certified copy of its Articles of Incorporation or
Association under the laws of said State of Georgia and designates
as its known place of business in the State of Alabama 1708 East
15th Street, in the City of Tuscaloosa, County of Tuscaloosa, and
as its authorized agent thereat, Robert M. Shelton, on whom, as
such agent, service of process may be made and all legal notices
served for all the purposes contemplated by the laws of the State
of Alabama.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the said corporation has caused these
presents to be signed by its President and Secretary, and attested
by its corporate seal, at its office in Atlanta, Georgia, this
the / C' day of June, 1957.

jL^ . A .-r^/Z-f-fyu ./-y".- ^As President ( IMFBRIAL WIZZARD

J 1-^ '/'//'. // A, ^^ /<:<-( / :l i ■ A8 Secretary ( KLIGRAPP

■> ■ •
■/i > • I

SiCftrr.MiY Of

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1677

Mr. iVppELL. I would like to enter into evidence at this point, Mr.
Chairman, an additional document, a form dated the 25th day of
November 1959, a certificate designating agent, place of business in
Alabama, which reads as follows :

In compliance with provisions of Section 192, Title 10, of the Code of Alabama
1940, and Section 232 of the Constitution of Alabama 1901, U.S. Klans, Knights
of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc. a corporation or association organized under the
laws of the State of Georgia and having its principal place of business at 508
Anderson Street, in the City of College Park, State of Georgia * * * designates
as its known place of business in the State of Alabama, 1708 15th Street in the

city of Tuscaloosa, Coimty of , and as its authorized agent thereat, Robert

M. Shelton * * *.

Signed "E. L. Edwards," 25 November 1959.

The Chairman. The document will be received in evidence at this
point.

(Document marked "Kobert Shelton Exhibit No. 29.")

Mr. Appell. The next document, Mr. Chairman, is a change of
designation of agent and it replaces Mr. Robert M. Shelton as Grand
Dragon by Mr. Alvin "Home."

The Chairjvian. That will be received in evidence.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 30." Exhibits
Nos. 27-30 appear on pp. 1678-1681.)

Mr. Appell. The date of that document, Mr. Chainnan, is April 11,
1960.

Mr. Shelton, what brought about this removal of you as Grand
Dragon for the U.S. Klans in the State of Alabama ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, the press of that day, the Montgomery
Advertiser of May 30, 1960, says "Robert M. Shelton, Tuscaloosa"-—^

The Chairman. You are referring to a period before the creation
of the United Klans of America ; are you not ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

I will have to start againn, Mr. Chairman. [Continues reading:]

Robert M. (Bobby) Shelton of Tuscaloosa has been ousted as Grand Dragon
of the Alabama Ku Klux Klan and replaced by a former Dragon, Alvin Horn
of Rt. 4, Talladega.

The story goes on to quote Mr. Shelton as follows :

"Edwards has replaced me (with Horn) as Grand Dragon." He said he
was notified of the change "about a week ago."

The ousted Klan leader said he and Edwards "had some differences of opinion
about policies and procedure."

"I am organizing an independent group here in Alabama," he said

The Chairman. Those are the words of Shelton ?
Mr. Appell. This is a quote of Shelton; yes, sir. [Continues
reading.]

"I would say about 70 per cent of the members of the old group have already
joined the new Klan."

As to the reasons that you were replaced as quoted in this article,
Mr. Shelton, are they factual ?

59-222 O — 67— pt. 1 11

1678

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 27

E. L. Edwards
Imperial Wizard

Jn (Sod 9t JLtttBt

p. 0. BOX 21
College Park, Georgia

mmUi Mr /*r k—r. imt —Ij
md alMM ft trnitm, mUti m
f*i mm ntfwdtn *■> mUk
Um Uft-t—SanvMH Cunt, 1320

U. 3. KLAN3 IKC.

NOV, 5, 1959

'Tknmlk tknt fruit i» mtm-
ktr$kip ptu Ikt Imtmrt (*"■
ilami •/ AmtrUmt LliTty mmi
StcnrUr."

SECRETATiT OP STATT .
STATS OFiAlAlM.lA
T'ONTGOIIHRY AL-\1A"A.

DSAR SIR,

Please be Informed that on ITovenber 4th,_1959 by orders

of the Imperial '.Vizard (President) that one (Ro'^ert r.i. 3helton

1703 3, 15th, 3T.
Tuscaloosa Ala.

Was removed from the Office of and as the Agent of the U.S.

Klans, Knights of the I'.u Mux Mans Inc. in and for the
State of Alabama ,

'Vlll you Please remove the above I'ame fron your Piles
as the Agent of and for the U. 3. Klans, Knights of the
Ku Klux Klans Inc,

A replacraent will be forth coming.

■-?; L. ry;jVT5o, i:'?i;:uAi- "/izar"').

(PUiJonSi'T) U. :. KLA"3,

ilTI'lHTo of the KU LUX IxLA"! 3 IVO.

SEAL

■IXXIVCD

NOV

1959

aaCflZTARY 0£
STATE

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1679

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 28

E. L. Edwards
Imperial Wizard

Jtt dah Wt Q^rtot

p. 0. BOX 21
College Park, Georgia

'Wt ftkl Ml t»T iloTi mar If
mmlth wr fmr tomor, bml tmty
«mj mUmt ff fr*td*m^ »kUk w
t—d mam tmrrndtrt hmi mitk
Um lift SCOTTBH Cuun, 1120

U. 3. FLA!' 3, I^

rov, '^5 1959

'Tknmgk Iktu ptuU i» mtm-
httiktt fit tht fmlmrt far-
JItmt »l Amtrictm Llttrty mi
StcarUt'

oecrotary of otate
-State of Ala'iar.ia.

Dear 3ir,

Please "ce Infer, lerl that after careful con.? iderat ion,\ve are

now '^3-lnstateinj Ho'^ert ' . jhelton, 170C, U, 15th, 3t .

T\i3calooca Ala:Tj::.a. a3 the A.'.ent for the U. 3. I'.lans, 1, nights

of the I,u Mux i lans Iric. in the 3tate of Alabai:ia.

RECEIVED
I^OV 30 1959

37^:,. 3rj:niD3, i::?j;rial v;

v;iMRD

U. J. LLAM3, i:i:iaHT3 of the
,,LUX V.LATT3, IT:C.

■•.3AL

1680 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 29

certificate designating agent and place of business in alabama for

filing in office of secretary of state of alabama

Office OF U. S. Klans, Knix^hts of theJsu.iavK^^^ Inc

Located AT 1708 ISth Street ,

Tuscaloosa, Alabama

In compliance with provisions of Section 192, Title 10, of the Code of Alabama 1940, and Sec-
tion 232 of the Constitution of Alabama, 1901,

U, 3. Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc

a corporation or association organized under the laws of the State of Georgia _

and having its principal place of business at ^08 Anderson Street. _

inthe City of College Park State of Georgia

htrdii ilFl ftfi I II I •■f'7'"( ^"rif "/ ''" "'•''^'"^ "f info'foration or association under the laws of said
State of and designates as its known place of business in the State

of Alabama, 1708 15th Street in the city of Tuscaloosa_.

County of , and as its authorized agent thereat, Robert K,^ Shelton_

_on tohom, as said agent, service of process may he

made and all legal notices served, for all the purposes contemplated by the lotus of the State of
Alabama.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the said corporation or association has caused these presents to be
signed by its President and Secretary, and attested by its corporate
seal, at its office in Atlanta, Georgia

this 25 day of November, 1959
UJ^ lA. •w>&l(^(:^<<S^?<^f • President.

NOTE. — The fee for filing above certificate is $10.00, as provided in Section 192 of Title 10 of the Code.

KECETVEt)

NOV .?o 1959

SECHZTABY Oi
STATE

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1681

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 30

CERTIFICATE DESIGNATING AGENT AND PLACE OF BUSINESS IN ALABAMA FOR
FILING IN OFFICE OF SECRETARY OF STATE OF ALABAMA

Office OF U.. ..3, ^i-XAF j» .Ii"I IIT i.>£.j:ul.I,:J...:^L,,..:_iX^^^ IKC.

Located at ,.ATL,VFTVk, ^3.0-^Q:I-\ _ _

In compliance with provisions of Section 192, Title 10, of the Code of Alabama 1940, end Sec-
tion 232 of the Constitution of Alabama, 1901,

a corporation or association organized under the laws of the State of .- ZoRC-Ll ..

and having its principal place of business at -T'Ij..i'T.».^. .. .jO^.Cr.IA 7.. .. J. J^'. 21

in the City of 0:'1AJZ(^'': l.'.RK State of ..Z^ROIA ..:

harowitK film U CUTLified uuiiy uf itii univlus Uj incorporaildfi or association under the lawi, uj itiid

State of ill . .-•v..-'^ and designates as its knoion place of business in the State

of Alabama, I^OUTZ 4 in the city of TALLAD3.0A _..

County of T i^^-A'^.-^ -A , and as its authorized agent thereat, .i.LVIN IL03IS

_. on whom, as said agent, service of process may be

made and all legal notices served, for all the purposes contemplated by the laws of the State of
Alabama.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the said corporation or association has caused these .

signed by its President and Secretary, and attested by its corporate

seal, at its office in ATLAITTA,. ..Tl^.QHGIA

this 11, day 0/ ...... A.?3IL _ J^l^SO

_^ >^ ^..^l^^Y^^t-^^^ President.

V-^''^. !C<r- ■xL^^ry^.^ ^ ^t^ Secretary.

NOTE. — The fee for filing above certificate is $10.00, as provided in Section IQJ of Title 10 of the Code.

^LEA'SS REMOVE THE NAME OP RECEIVED

ROBERT v.. SHELTON

1708 EAST 15th St. j^^pP i2 1950

Tuscaloosa, Alabama

SECRETARY 0£
STATE
CHANGED TO: "I-
ALVIN HORNE
ROUTj: 4
TALLADEGA, ALABAMA

1682

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Document marked "Shelton Exhibit No. 31," follows :)

Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 3 1
[Montgomery Advertisr, May 30, 1960]

(o-::U'u:

133rd Ycar-No. 104

lOan Names
Horn Chiefv

• * '

% •

Shelton Out

Ex-Grand Dragon
Gaims 70 Per Cenr
• Switch To New Group

Robert M.ig.phhyV. Shelton of
Tu.^cftloma ha.i N*en ou^tod m
Grand Dracnn of ihe Alabama
Ku^Kliix Wan and replaced bjr a
former Dracon, Alvin Horn of

. Bt, 4. TalladcRa. ' ~*7;^

- Shelton has 'l>e(;<in orcanlzlnt

an "Independent" Klan ffroup ai

. .'a result and claims alxnit 70 per

"^cenl membership awitchover to

' ^lj camp.

Thew developments camt to
liRht FYiday thnmch records of

.. the iiecrel»r>' of state where offi-
cial papers of the KKK incorpora-
lion are on file.
NKW AC.ENT
SecTftary oLState Bett^ Frlnk

* was notified April 11 that Horn
•had been appointed the new "au-
thorized a^ent" of. the Klan for
Alabama. Th« chanps vas an-
nounced In a letter from E.,L,
Edwards. Atlanta, Ga... Imperial
Wizard of the U.S. Klans. Kniehts
of the Ku Klux Klan. hw. State
law requires the listine of "ap-
thorized acents" for forelcn cor-
porations doing business in Ala-^
bama.

. AlthoiiRh Edwards' letter did
not state that Shelton had been
remo\'ed aa Grand Pracon. it said
he was removed as authorized
ajient.

y-..

Klan

. Shelton. contacted In Ttiscaloo-
sa. said: .

"Edward.1 has 'replaced me

<with Horn) as Grand Prason.**

r^o aaid he was notified of the

chanc* "about a we«k aRO.** .

INPEPENDENT. CROUP

•fhe "ousted Klan leader said he
and Edwards "had some differ-
jrnces of ' opinion - about policies
. and procedure."

"I am orcanizTnfi an independ-
enf'jroup here in Alahama." he
said, "t would say about 70 per
cent of (he members of the old
group have. already Joined the
new Wan."
' AlthouRh the ShcKon Klan
IH'oup hasn't been named formal-
ly, he said It wottld be "th« Ku
KluT Klan — we can ii^e that
name: it's not copyrlchted." '
. As to the difference between
. (he two Klans. Shelton said of
his icroilp. "The loader won't have
; so much dictatorial powers —
that's how Edward«»-rut)s hLs." ,

Asked if he thoiicht h' ^^\
been removed for personal rea-
sons. Shelton replied. "I wouldn't
want to comment on that."
NO SUBSTITUTE

Edwards was not available for
comment in Atlanta.

Tha^Seoretary of SUt^-recwwidl
a letter dated Nov. 4. 1!»». from!
.Edwards instructing that Shel-
(ons nnnrw be removed as-'.'au-l
thorized ajrenl" for the U.S. Wans.;
No sutvslituie was named then.

Ijtter. Edwards wrote M r s.
Frink that Shelton was to he re-
InMated. Then on April 11. h*
wTote a third letter authorizing
Horn as agent In place of Shel-
ton.

Horn, a 4«-year-<»ld Baptist
minister, could not be located
through Talladega and Oay Coun-
(!le« KLAN. ra«e <A> \

iroallnued From Pag* li

ty sources. It was reported ha re-
cently had moved but bis where-
abouis were not known by rcla-
lives,
UNFAVORABLE PUBUaTY

Horn had served as Grand
Dk-agon of the KKK in Alabania
b«it resigned in XVH after unfa-i
vorabic publicity .stemming from'
hi.s marrioge to a 15-ycar-old cirl.i
Shelton was his successor.

The clergyman was indicted on
a murder charge in IMO follow-
ing the nightrider slaying of Char-
lie lliirsl. Pell City, fliirst wus
l«l'ot down shortly after telling his
v>n he ihmight the Klan was after
him. The charge against Horn
■ was di.smissrd in October. 1!>52. |
, Shcllons active role in the tMlt
l<:uhrmalorial campaign in behaUj
of John Patterson won him con-l
Nidcrabl" statewide attention.
More rec»nlly he charged that
his KKK activities had cost bim
his long-time job 'with the B. F.
I'Kwdrich Tire and Rubber Co., —

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1683

Mr. Appell. Mr. Slielton, the committee's investigation established
that in the days of the U.S. Klans, that the Klans and Klaverns for-
warded their money to the Grand Dragon, who took out of the entire
package his share and then forAvarded to the imperial office, the
imperial office share.

Is it a fact that you were removed because you weren't making a
proper accomiting of f mids to the imperial staff ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as (guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Mr. Appell, ;you asked him, "Is it a fact?" The
form of the question might be misconstrued. I think you can phrase
it this way, that it is the committee's information that it is a fact, and
does he wish to affirm or deny it.

Mr. Appell. Will you answer the question ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, will you rephrase the question or repeat it ?

The Chairman. It is the committee's information that you were
replaced because of financial reasons. Is that true or not? Is our
information true or not ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully declme to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. It is the conmiittee's further information, Mr. Shelton,
that you were ordered to appear before an Imperial Kloncilium and
to produce the books and records of your realm and that you failed
to do so.

Is this information that the committee has obtained true or false ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
m violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the staff has no further questions of
Mr. Shelton — pardon me, sir, I do have.

Mr. Shelton, the committee has obtained from the State of Alabama
a Certificate of Incorporation dated May 17, 1960^ — 16 days after the
notice of Imperial Wizard Edwards that he had removed you — of the
incorporation of the Alabama Knights, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan,
Inc.

This document shows that the incorporators, trustees, and addresses
are as follows: Robert M. Shelton, 1708 East 15th Street, Tuscaloosa,
Alabama; H. M. Shelton, 1700 East 15th Street, Tuscaloosa, Alabama;
and James Elmore, 2920 Birmingham Highway, Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

Did you participate in the incorporation of the Alabama Knights
of the Ku Klux Klan, Inc. ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, could I counsel?

The Chairman. Yes.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, could I ask that the document you are referring
to be read, in order to determine ?

The Chairman. Hand it to him.

1684 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Document handed to witness.)

The Chairman. You understand that we will then question you.
If you want to read it, read it. You may read it out loud, and then
we will question you.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton [returning document] . Thank you, sir.

(Document marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 32" and retained
in committee files.)

Mr. Appell, Mr. Chairman, there is a great deal more material
that the staff intends to interrogate Mr. Shelton about. However,
from this phase of the inquiry I ask that Mr. Shelton be excused as a
witness, to return on November 15.

The Chairman. Before ruling on that, the Chair wishes to say this :
I invite your attention, Mr. Shelton, to what I am about to say.

Yesterday you refused to produce documents called for by a sub-
pena duces tecum served on you on October 11 of this year. You
were in the hearing room for the greater part of my opening statement
as I read it. You did come in a few minutes late.

A copy of the opening statement was handed to you and your
attorney.

That is true, is it not ?

Mr. Chaumers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Counsel, I am directing my question to you.
That is true, is it not ?

Mr. Chlvlmeirs. Yes, sir; for the record.

The Chairman. You were observed reading the statement, and it
is my understanding that both you and your counsel not only read the
statement but, I assume, but that you carried it with you.

My opening statement spelled out with indisputable clarity, I
believe, the thmgs the subcommittee desires to know, the information
that it wishes to place on this record to assist the Congress in the
enactment of remedial legislation. Those things were specified in
paragraph 4, page 2, of my opening statement, describing the purposes
of these hearings, and so on.

I don't see, and the committee members do not see, how anyone
could argue, after reading the committee resolution of March 30, v.on-
tained on page 1 of the statement, and House Resolution 310 specif-
ically authorizing this investigation, copies of which, by the way, were
given you and your attorney by the staff the day before yesterday,
and my opening statement — we say no one could argue, after reading
the documents and the records, that papers and documents pertaining
to the structure and organization, incorporation^ finances, corporate
tax returns, and so forth, of each and every Klan organization are not
pertinent to this inquiry.

I am saying I don't see how anyone can so argue, that these things
are not pertinent to this inquiry. The first full paragraph of the
attachment to the subpena served upon you called on you to produce
certain records and documents as an official and representative of the
United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, the
Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of
America, Inc., the Alabama Rescue Service, the Whiteman's Defense
Fund, and the United Klansmen of America,

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1685

I want to clarify just this one point: Did you and your attorney
know the. contents of my opening statement at the time you were on
the Avitness stand and refused to produce these documents?

I further want to warn you that unless your answer to this question
is that you did not know the contents of this opening statement, your
coulee of action yesterday is completely without legal justification
and may result in a contempt citation.

So I again ask: Did you and your attorney know the contents of
my opening statement at the time you were on the stand and refused
to produce those documents ?

Mr, SiiELTON. Sir, could I counsel ?

The Chairman. Yes. This is a legal question. I think you ought
to.

Mr. Chalmers. May I state this to the chairman and to the other
members of the committee : At the time answers were given yesterday
afternoon I myself had not fully read the opening statement of the
chairman of the committee.

I, of course, cannot answer for my client. But it is my informa-
tion, if I may state it, that I doubt very seriously if he read the state-
ment fully.

The Chairman. The question is not did you read it, necessarily.
Did you know, from hearing me read the statement, the contents of
my opening statement, before he took the witness stand ?

Mr. Chalmers. No, sir; not fully and completely, I did not.

The Chairman. Then I will give the benefit of the doubt to your
client.

Do you wish 5 minutes' or 10 minutes' recess to read it now ?

Mr. Chalmers. I would like about a 10-mmute recess to confer
with my client, if it would be permissible.

The Chairman. That request is granted.

I now hand each of you a copy of my opening statement.

Mr. Chalmers. May I state to the chairman I have a copy in my
files.

The Chairman. All right.

The committee is now in recess for 10 minutes. I wish that order
be maintained during the recess.

(Wliereupon, at 11 :40 a.m. the subcommittee recessed. All sub-
committee members present at time of recess.)

(The subcommittee reconvened at 11 :47 a.m. with all subcommittee
members present.)

The Chairman. The subconmiittee will come to order.

The equipment of the press, TV, and radio will be removed.

Let the record show that the committee stood in recess for approxi-
mately 10 minutes to give Mr. Shelton and his counsel the opportunity
to read and familiarize themselves in greater detail concerning my
opening statement, particularly the part I referred to a moment ago,
paragraph 4 on page 2.

I take it, Mr. Chalmers, that you have had that opportunity ?

Mr. Chalmers. That is correct ; yes.

The Chairman. By the way, Mr. Chalmers, I want to compliment
you for your demeanor before this committee. I think you deserve it.

Mr. Chalmers. Thank you, sir.

1686 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairman. In view of that, namely, that both counsel and his
client now concede, admit for clarity, that they are familiar with my
opening statement, which spells out the purposes of these hearings,
and on the basis of which I ruled on the pertinency of the dociunents
referred to in the subpena, I wish, nevertheless, Mr, Shelton, to ask
you four questions, or make four directions.

I now order and direct you to produce the dociunents i-eferred to in
the first paragraph of the attacliment to the subpena dated October 7,
1965, and according to the marshal's return served on you on October
11.

Mr. Shelton. May I counsel ?
(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, is this question directed to me as an individual or
directed to me as an officer of a corporation ?

The Chairman. I covered that in my statement of a while ago, but I
will repeat it.

The subpena which was served on you called on you to produce cer-
tain documents as an official and representative of the United Klans
of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, the Invisible Empire,
United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klans of America, Inc., the
Alabama Rescue Service, the Wliiteman's Defense Fund, and the
United Klansmen of America.

So that is the capacity, as an officer and as an Imperial Wizard and
as a representative of these organizations.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 7, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane
to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the
Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, of House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to turn over these documents in question for
the reason that I honestly feel that by doing so it might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairman. I now order and direct you to produce the docu-
ments called for in paragraph 2 of the attachment to the same subpena.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 7, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane
to the subject under investigation and the same will not aid the Con-
gress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated
by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to turn over these documents for the reason
that I honestly feel that by doing so it might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1687

The Chairman. I now order and direct you to produce the docu-
ments referred to in paragraph 3 of the attachment to that subpena.

Mr. SiiELTON. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to this com-
mittee any and all records as requested by this committee under

subpena dated October 7, 1965, for that information is not relevant

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Shelton. — is not relevant and germane to the subject under
investigation and the same would not aid the Congress in the con-
sideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is such inquiry within
the scope of that authorized to be investigated by Rule IV of the
rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolution 8, adopted
January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to turn over these documents in question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to mcriminate
me — the documents might tend to incriminate me m violation of my
rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Consti-
tution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. I order and direct you to produce the documents
referred to in paragraph 4 of the attachment to the subpena referred
to.

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to this com-
mittee any and all records as requested by this committee under
subpena dated October 7, 1965, for that information is not relevant
or germane to the subject under investigation and the same will not
aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation,
nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investi-
gated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by
House Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to turn any records over to this committee
for the reason that I honestly feel that by doing so it might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairman. Do you understand that the orders I made on you
to produce all these documents, including those in paragraph 4, were
addressed to you in your representative capacities as I indicated?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, I respectfully decline to answ^er that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. I wdsh to say, and I assume counsel agrees, that
the committee rejects your reasons for not producing these documents.

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Mr. Shelton, yesterday I referred to a memoran-
dmn dated October 14, 1965, made by our investigator, Mr. Louis
Russell, and I referred to and asked you about certain things you said
to him on that day in the Hotel Stafford in Tuscaloosa.

Now^ I ask you this : Our investigator, Mr. Louis Russell, said that
on that day, in that hotel, you said this :

He r Shelton] said that he would bring about the defeat of Chairman Willis in
Louisiana, and that the Chairman would be besieged by telephone calls before
the hearing began.

1688 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Riissell further stated :

He fSheltonl claimed to have a book on every member of the Committee and
said that Congressman Weltner was tied in with the Communists and that
President Johnson got his first political job from Aubrey Williams.

Did he tell the ti-uth or did he falsify ?

The Chairman. Let me say that, so far as I am concerned, I not
only welcome, but challenge and dare you to come in my congressional
district and fight me politically.

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Chairman

The Chairivian. Mr. Weltner.

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Shelton, I have not asked you any questions
thus far. I had hoped that you would cooperate with this committee,
and I am disappointed that you have not done so. I do not criticize
you for claiming any right that you have under the Constitution.
That is your right as an American citizen, and I have no quarrel with
you or any other American citizen for exercising any right guaranteed
by the Constitution.

I don't have any questions, but I do have this comment : It seems to
me that you obviously have the ability to organize and that you have
proved some qualities of leadership and you have shown energy in
your tasks.

I submit that it is unfortunate for our section of the country, yours
and mine, that your leadership and ability and energy have been given
over to dividing Southern people rather than uniting them.

Mr. Chairman, I have no further comment and no questions.

The Chairman. Mr. Buchanan.

Mr. Buchanan. Mr. Chairman, miless my eyes deceived me during
the recess, the witness was speaking veiy freely to the press. And
unless the reports are inaccurate, I understand he has spoken rather
freely in various places concerning the fact that he would welcome
this investigation. I wonder, therefore, if we might have better re-
sults if we conducted this investigation in a cornfield and let the press
interrogate him.

However, I would say what you said at the outset, Mr. Chairman,
and I would ask the chairman and counsel to correct me if I am in
error on this point :

I think your counsel has advised you well and I will not argue with
your right, of course, to invoke the fifth amendment. I would say,
however, that evidence has been offered here before this committee
concerning your use of certain funds, the alleged signing of checks to
some $5,600 cash, the manner in which they were countersigned, the
purchase of an automobile, diamonds purchased, and this sort of thing,
evidence of an ouster from the U.S. Klans with financial questions sur-
rounding it, evidence concerning your military record and circum-
stances and time at which it came to an end.

I would say that, as I said before this hearing began, he that has
nothing to hide has nothing to fear. We are not in the business of
prosecuting or convicting, but we are here to get the facts and know

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1689

the truth. We are, I think you can see, with or without your coopera-
tion, producintr evidence in this hearing. We are going to continue
this investigation and this hearing. Evidence will be produced.

While I am not going to make any inferences from the numerous
times that you have invoked the fifth amendment, I will simply say
this: that for those who have eyes to see and ears to hear, it may well
prove that the record in your case will speak very clearly for itself,
Mr. Shelton.

Mr. Shelton. Thank you sir.

The Chairman. I understand that Mr. Appell has another question
he overlooked asking.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I have two very short and simple
questions.

Mr. Shelton, in connection with your being on the payroll of the
Dixie Engineering Company, it is the committee's understanding that
during an investigation by the Federal Public Koads Administration
or Bureau, you were questioned by agents of the United States Govern-
ment with respect to your being on the payroll of the Dixie Engineer-
ing Corporation and that you refused to answer the Federal Bureau's
agent's questions. Is this true, sir ?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, the committee, during its many months
attending Klan rallies and other things, has noted with great interest
the ability of the Klan to collect large sums of money in cash at these
rallies.

"Wliat percentage of the take of the rallies that you have attended
has come into your hands in the form of cash ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, would you repeat that question, please?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir. We have observed at numerous rallies that
collections are taken up in the form of cash collections and that these
collections, at different times and at different rallies, have reached
considerable sums, in the hundreds of dollars.

I am asking you what part of this money collected at these rallies
has been turned over to you.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Shelton, the oomniittee also subpenaed from The
First National Bank of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, your personal bank
account. And the ledger sheet of this account, together with a de-
posit slip dated November 2, 1964, shows that there was deposited in
the form of checks, although the checks are not enumerated — it could
be one or it could be more — $2,125.

Was that money, money which you had received in the form of an
imperial tax from Klans throughout the United States ?

Mr. Shelton. Sir, would you repeat that question, please?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir. Was this deposit of $2,125 deposited to your
personal account on November 2, 1964, money which was received by

1690 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

you as imperial tax from the Klans or Klaverns located throughout
the United States?

(Bank account records marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 33" and
retained in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the staff has no further questions, and
T ask that Mr. Shelton

The Chairman. Wait a moment.

I wish to reiterate and to stress what I said two or three times in my
opening statement : that whatever has been said here by anyone about
your right, Mr. Shelton, to invoke the privileges of the fifth amend-
ment should not be considered as relating to the rulings I have made
as chairman, and on this I also reiterate and stress that the committee
here is in unanimous agreement.

Mr. AsHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, I would like the record to show spe-
cifically that this is the understanding of the committee. By no state-
ments made has there been any waiver. As one member of the com-
mittee, I confirm what you have said and what the record will so show.

Mr. Chairman. I am sure that all the members would feel the same.

Mr. Weltner. Subject to the reservation of personal satisfaction as
to the application of the law.

Mr. Buchanan. Mr. Chairman, I confirm without reservation what
you have said. sir.

The Chairman. Mr. Tchord ?

Mr. IcHORD. Mr. Chairman, in that connection I would like to state
that I have attended most of these proceedings as an interested mem-
ber of the full committee and of the Congress. Of course, the purpose
of these hearings is to develop information concerning the activities of
the Klan and to develop information that would serve as a basis for the
Congress making a decision as to whether legislation is needed to curb
the activities of the Klan, or what kind of legislation is needed.

This, Mr. Chairman, is the first time during my service on the com-
mittee that we have had witnesses before the committee to be ques-
tioned about their activities with organizations other than Communist
organizations. Communist fronts and similar extremist organizations.

I wanted to make note of the fact, Mr. Chairman, that the attorney
for Mr. Shelton has carried out his duties in a very commendable way.
I have observed that he has fully advised his client as to his constitu-
tional rights.

You have done it in a way that is commendable and in a way that
contrasts pleasantly with the way that some of the lawyers have ad-
vised witnesses in Communist investigations conducted by this com-
mittee. Unfortunately, Mr. Shelton has not chosen to give us any
information concerning the activities of the Klan except his name, his
birth place, and his age. I regret that fact, but that is his constitu-
tional right.

Sir, I do commend you on the way you carried out your duties as
his attorney.

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Chairman, may I also, following Mr. Ichord's
comments, point out that this hearing has been conducted without the

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1691

protests and demonstrations that have occurred within and without
hearint^s of this committee in the past. I recall quite well the diffi-
cult task that befell our distinguished chairman in Chicago in the
effort to maintain order and dignity in the proceedings.

Perhaps the absence of protests or demonstrators to this proceeding
casts some light on the validity and sincerity of those protests when
they do occur.

Mr. Pool. Mr. Chairman, I want to add my support to the chairman
on the rulings he has made, and I w\ant to point that out for the record.

The Chairman. Thank you very much.

I simply express the hope that as we go along we will proceed with
equal decormn and dignity.

Mr. Shelton, your subpena is continued. That is, you remain under
subpena until November 15. We will be calling you again and will
be questioning you on a variety of areas of your and your organiza-
tion's activities.^

The committee will stand in recess until 1 :45.

(Subcommittee members present at time of recess: Representatives
Willis, Pool, Weltner, Ashbrook, and Buchanan.)

(Whereupon, at 12:15 p.m., Wednesday, October 20, 1965, the sub-
committee recessed, to reconvene at 1 :45 p.m. the same day.)

AFTERNOON SESSION— WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 20, 1965

(The subcommittee reconvened at 2 p.m., Hon. Edwin E. Willis,
chairman, presiding.)

(Subcommittee members present at time of reconvening: Repre-
sentatives Willis, Pool, and Ashbrook.)

The Chairman. The subcommittee will please come to order.

Mr. Appell, call your next witness.

Mr. Appell. Mr. James R. Jones.

I am sorry. Pardon me, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. Jones, you are not going to be called at this time.

Mr. Chairman, I would like to call Mr. Philip R. Manuel, a member
of the investigative staff of the committee.

The Chairman. Let the Chair say this : that Mr. Shelton was ques-
tioned at some length concerning certain financial transactions and he
chose to invoke the fifth amendment. All witnesses may as well know
that this procedure is not going to deter us from putting the facts on
the line.

Most of the questions asked of Mr. Shelton were supported by intro-
duction of documentary evidence, checks and other documents. And,
of course, there can be no stronger evidence than written documents
which really speak even more accurately than words. But in certain
phases of Mr. Shelton's testimony we will bring out affirmative evi-
dence because he forces us to do it.

Proceed.

Mr. Manuel has been sworn, but this will be a new phase.

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give will
be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you
God?

Mr. Manuel. I do.

1 Mr. Shelton was not recalled, and on January 6, 1966, was discharged from further
appearance under his subpena.

1692 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

TESTIMONY OF PHILIP R. MANUEI^Resumed

Mr. Appell. For the record, state your full name, sir.

Mr. Manuel. Philip R. Manuel.

Mr. Appell. And you are a member of the investigative staff of the
Conmiittee on Un-American Activities ?

Mr. Manuel. That is correct.

Mr. Appell. In the course of the current investigation, did the staff
establish that tax and dues payable to United Klans of America from
its Klans or Klaverns located throughout the United States were
deposited into the account known as the Alabama Rescue Service ?

Mr. Manuel. Yes ; that is correct.

Mr. Appell. Wliat documentation establishes this as a fact?

Mr. Manuel. Well, the committee has established that most of the
checks drawn by Klans or Klaverns of the United Klans are made
payable to the Alabama Rescue Service and, further, the Alabama
Rescue Service account at The First National Bank in Tuscaloosa,
Alabama.

For documentation of this, I wish to present several checks, out of
many, which the committee has in its possession, all properly obtained
by committee subpena.

The Chairman. On the banks ?

Mr. Manuel. Yes, sir. These records reflect the individual organi-
zations w^hich made payments to the Alabama Rescue Service. In ad-
dition to having checks made payable to the Alabama Rescue Service,
I wish to show that some checks were made payable to the United
Klans of America, which later were found in the account of the Ala-
bama Rescue Service at The First National Bank in Tuscaloosa,
Alabama.

As my first example of this, I wish to introduce a check of the Rowan
Sportsmen's Club, dated March 2, 1965, in the amount of $46, drawn
on the Security Bank & Trust Co. of Spencer, North Carolina, signed
by Fred L. Wilson and Wayne Dayvault, and the notation on the check
says it is for dues.

The endorsement on the reverse side of this check has the notation
"For deposit in Alabama Rescue Service Account Only."

(Check marked "Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 1" appears on p. 1693.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Manuel, while we are discussing this question of
dues, on the basis of our investigation have we established, or has the
committee established, the staff established, the division of dues to the
imperial level ?

Mr. Manuel. Yes, sir; it has.

Mr. Appell. Could you state for the record what this amount is?

Mr. Manuel. As of September 1964, the amount is 50 cents per
month per member for imperial tax, which is supposed to be paid to the
headquarters of the United Klans of America.

Mr. Appell. Do you have additional documentation which shows
deposits of checks made payable to the United Klans of America de-
posited into the Alabama Rescue account?

Mr. Manuel. Yes, sir. In addition to the one just mentioned of the
Rowan Sportsmen's Club which illustrates the point, I further wish
to add a check dated August 27, 1965, made payable to the United
Klans of America in the amount of $30, The notation is for payment

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1693

Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 1

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of the publication the Fiery Cross^ which is the official publication
of the United Klans of America.

This check is drawn on the Merchants Trust and Savings Bank of
Kenner, Louisiana. It is signed by Charles L. Miller of 2512 Airline
Highway in Kenner, Louisiana. This check shows up as a deposit in
the account of the Alabama Rescue Service on September 9, 1965, as a
$30 deposit of the Merchants Trust and Savings Bank and is endorsed
to the account of the Alabama Rescue Service on its reverse side.

(Check marked "Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 2" appears on p. 1964.)

The Chairman. Who was the maker of the first check you referred
to?

Mr. Manuei.. That was the Rowan Sportsmen's Club.

The Chairman, Wliat is the Rowan Sportsmen's Club? Is that a
front organization?

Mr. IVL^NUEL. The Rowan Sportsmen's Club is a cover name for a
Klavern located in Spencer, North Carolina.

The Chairman. It is a front or a coverup.

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1-

-12

1694 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 2

Merchants i rust a.md £.-.v:;\igs Ean:<
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Mr. Manuel. It is a. cover name for a Klavem in Rowan County,
North Carolina.

The Chairman. What about the second check? Wlio is the maker
of that check and what is that outfit ?

Mr. Manuel. This is made payable to the United Klans of America.

The Chairman. No. The maker ?

Mr. Manuel. The maker is Charles L. Miller, 2512 Airline High-
way, in Kenner, Louisiana.

Mr. AsHBROOK. For whom ?

Mr. Appell. Is it not a fact that, according to the staff investiga-
tion, many Klavems and Klans do not maintain bank accoimts, but
that they maintain and transmit money through personal accounts
and also in the form of U.S. postal money orders?

Mr. Manuel. That is correct, sir, and I have some illustrations of
that in the form of a personal check. The last example was also a
personal check.

I have another personal check made by Mr. George A. Otto, dated
September 8, 1965, payable to the order of the United Klans of
America in the amount of $50, drawn on the Bank of the Southwest, in
Houston, Texas.

(Check marked "Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 3" follows:)

Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 3

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1695

]SIr. ArrELL. And that, according to your investigation^ is remit-
tance by a Klavern, perhaps under a cover name, to the United Klans
or sometimes to the Ahibama Rescue Service as that cut on dues
collected locally ?

Mr. Manuel. That is correct.

Mr. Appell. Would you further identify Mr. Otto ?

Mr. Manuel. Committee investigation has established that Mr.
George Otto is the Grand Dragon, recently appointed, in the State
of Texas of the United Klans of America.

The Chairman. And your testimony is that in many cases re-
mittance for Shelton's outfit, the United Klans of America, is some-
times made by individuals, individual checks, and not in the name of
a Kla.vem by name or any front by name?

Mr. Manuel. That is coiTect. We picked examples of both things.

The Chairman. So we will have a general understanding of what
this is about, you do have many cases, however, of local Klavems
dealing with banks also?

Mr. Manuel. That is correct.

Mr. Pool. On the signature on the check of Mr. Otto, read the whole
signature, will you ?

Mr. Manuel. It is signed "George A. Otto," and it is on a personal
check which is stamped "George A. or Martha O. Otto," of 7702 Ap-
pleton, Houston, Texas.

Mr. Pool. The word "trust" is not there ? It is not a trust account
at all?

Mr. Manuel. No, sir.

Mr. Pool. Thank you.

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr. Appfjlj.. Mr. Manuel, through an analysis of the account of the
Alabama Rescue Service, are there checks endorsed by Carol Long?

Mr. Manuel. Yes, sir. Out of the material received by the com-
mittee, we have a total of 14 checks endorsed by Carol Long made out
to cash. They are signed on the check headed "Alabama Rescue Serv-
ice," drawn on "The First National Bank of Tuskaloosa, Tuskaloosa,
Alabama," signed by Robert M. Shelton, T. M. Montgomery. The
endorsement on the reverse side is made with the signature of Carol
Long.

The Chairman. And we have established that T. M. Montgomery
IS Carol Long.

Mr. JVIanuel. Tliat is correct, sir. Tlie total amount of these 14
checks is $705.

(Checks marked "Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 4." One of said
checks appear on p. 1696 ; balance retained in committee files.)

Mr. Pool. What dates do they cover, or about what period of time?

Mr. Manuel. They cover from the 2d of August 1963 until the
ilth day of February 1964.

Tlie Chairman. August 1963 to what?

Mr. IVL^NUEL. August 1963 to February of 1964.

The Chairman. That is a period of 6 months.

Mr. Pool. That is a similar time to the $500 checks that questions
were asked about earlier in the hearing room when Mr. Shelton was
on the stand. I believe those $500 checks, and I think they totaled

1696

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLTJX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 4

$3,000, on them the period of time is a similar time. In that case it
was July 1963 to February 1964, as I recall the testimony.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Manuel, from an examination of the canceled
checks received from The First National Bank, do these canceled
checks reflect payments to Lorch's Diamond Shop, Tuscaloosa, Ala-
bama?

Mr. Manuel. The committee has in its possession 14 canceled checks
made payable to Lorch's or Lorch's Diamond Shop of Tuscaloosa,
Alabama, in the total amount of $469.93. They were made in 14
separate payments starting in May of 1964, and the last check was
dated Jime 18, 1965.

These checks are drawn on "The First National Bank of Tuscaloosa,
Tuskaloosa, Alabama," on checks labeled "Alabama Rescue Service,
Suitei 401, The Alston Building, Tuscaloosa, Alabama," which the com-
mittee investigation has established is the headquarters of United
Klans of America. These checks are signed by Robert M. Shelton and
James J. Hendrix.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE TJ.S.

1697

^Checks marked "Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 5." One of said checks
follows; balance retained in coniniittee files.)

Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 5

1 '*

i %i

5§!

f •

•5

. -I »

■^ r

t.i •

.^_-.J

....«•■'•'» =^.'inr

Mr. Pool. To whom were the checks made payable ?

Mr. Manuel. They were made payable in some cases to Lorch's
Difunond Shop and in other cases to Lorch's. However, the endorse-
ment on the reverse side is always "For deposit only, Lorch's Diamond
Shop of Tuscaloosa, Inc."

Mr. Pool. Wliat is the total amount ?

Mr. Manuel. The total amount of these checks is $469.93.

Mr. Pool. Do you know what they were given for? Do you have
any information on that?

Mr. Manuel. No, sir.

Mr. Pool. They couldn't be for that diamond ring that the Imperial
Wizard Shelton has been wearing here in this hearing room; could
they ? Do you know anything about that ?

Mr. Manuel. I have no knowledge of that, sir.

Mr. Pool. Did you notice the ring he was wearing ?

Mr. Manuel. Yes, sir.

1698

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Pool,. Have you any idea how many carats that ring is?

Mr. IVIanuel. I do not.

Mr. Pool. It looked like it was worth more than $400. There must
have been some other checks somewhere.

Mr. Appell. Do the canceled checks received from The First Na-
tional Bank, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, reflect payments to GMAC,
General Motors Acceptance Corporation ?

Mr. Manuel. Yes, sir. The committee has in its possession 14
canceled checks made payable to GMAC, in most instances in the
amount of $136.33, which was payment for a car.

Mr. AsHBROOK. All checks are in the same amount?

Mr. Manuel. There was one check that includes two payments
in the amount $272.66. However, these 14 checks total $2,044.95.
In some cases, these checks were made payable to cash and signed by
Robert M. Shelton and James J. Hendrix. However, on the reverse
side they are endorsed by the General Motors Acceptance Corpora-
tion of Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

( Checks marked "Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 6." One of said checks
follows ; balance retained in committee files. )

Philip Manuel Exhibit No. 6

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1699

The Chairiman. We have established that JTames J. Hendrix is none
other than Mrs. Shelton.

Mr. Manuel. According to expert testimony.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Manuel, from an analysis of the canceled checks,
what is the total amount written by checks in which the payee is
"Cash"?

Mr. Manuel. For the fiscal year 1964, the total amount of checks
made payable to cash was $5,581.50.

The Chairman. And they were all drawn by, or signed as maker, by
whom?

Mr. ISIanuel. Robert M. Shelton and James J. Hendrix.

The Chairman. Mr. and Mrs. Shelton.

Mr. Manuel. According to expert testimony.

Mr. Pool. Have you finished all your checks ?

Mr. Manuel. No.

Mr. Pool. You have some more ?

Mr. Manuel, Yes.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Manuel, as a result of an analysis of the canceled
checks which we received from the bank, how many and over what
period — how many checks were signed by Robert M. Shelton and T. M.
Montgomery, and how many checks were signed as the maker of the
check by Robert M. Shelton and James J. Hendrix ?

Mr. Manuel. From the period July 1, 1963, to August 13, 1965,
committee investigation has established that the total number of
checks signed by both Robert M. Shelton and James J. Hendrix is
301. The checks signed by both Robert M. Shelton and T. M. Mont-
gomery is 131. Total checks signed by Robert Shelton is 432.

The Chairman. And they were variously used for such items as,
you said, a diamond ring

Mr. AsHBROOK. He didn't say that.

The Chairman. Well, a jewelry shop, GMAC, and cash. Any
other categories?

Mr. Manuel. There are some checks made payable to grocery
stores.

(At this point Mr. Buchanan entered the hearing room.)

Mr. Pool. So he was using this money he took in for traveling-
around money, you might call it, cash, for diamonds, cars, and now
he is getting his groceries out of it. Is that your testimony?

Mr. Manuel. There are some checks made payable to grocery
stores ; yes, sir.

The Chairman. And that came out of the account

Mr. Manuel. Of the Alabama Rescue Service.

The Chairman. — of the Alabama Rescue Service, which is a front^
the cover name for the United Klans of America, and representing
dues collected from these poor members here and there in the States
we have described.

Mr. Manuel. From the membership of the Klavems ; that is correct,
Mr. Chairman.

( At this point Mr. Weltner entered the hearing room. )

Mr. Appell Mr Chairman, I have no further questions of this
witness.

The Chairman. All right. Call your next witness.

1700 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. Now, Mr. Chairman, I would like to call Mr. James
E. Jones.

The Chairman. The photographers will have to desist. Please raise
your right hand.

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give
will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help
you God ?

Mr. Jones. I do.

TESTIMONY OF JAMES ROBERTSON JONES, ACCOMPANIED BY
COUNSEL, LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, will you state your full name for the record,
please, sir ?

Mr. Jones. James Robertson Jones.

Mr. Appell Are you appearing here this afternoon in response to
a subpena served upon you by a deputy United States marshal at
10 :20 o'clock a.m., on the 11th day of October 1965 ?

Mr. Jones. Yes, sir.

Mr. AppELii. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Jones. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Will counsel please identify himself ?

Mr. Chalmers. My name is Lester V. Chalmers, Jr. I am an
attorney at law, Raleigh, North Carolina, 501 First Federal Building.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, when and where were you bom ?

Mr. Jones. Rowan County.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

The Chairman. Will you speak into the microphone?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer to that question for
reasons that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. These are what we call identifying and preliminary
questions, and I can't conceive your constitutional rights being im-
paired by answering this question, and perhaps others along the same
line.

I therefore order and direct you to answer the question.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for
reasons that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, would you give to the committee a brief
resume of your educational background ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for rea-
sons that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. I order and direct you to answer that question.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1701

The CuAiKMAX. Of coui-se, we respect your invocation of the rights
if you honestly believe, as you just read there. But do you honestly
believe that if you answer that simple question as to your educational
background it could possibly involve you in anything?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for rea-
sons that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in vi-
olation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14
of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. I notice you are reading your answers. I am not
being technical about a witness' right to invoke constitutional privi-
leges. But if you know, can you tell me upon what basis you are in-
voking the first amendment?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for reasons
that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in viola-
tion of my rights as guaranteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of
the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. The 14th amendment talks about equal protection
of the law and things of that kind. On what basis are you possibly
invoking the 14th amendment?

The Chairman. Wliat about the fourth amendment? On what
basis are you invoking that?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for rea-
sons that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. I invite you in all seriousness and in the interest
of orderly procedure, if you wish on advice of your counsel, to simply
say, if you intend from here on to have some more invocations, that
you decline to answer the questions on the grounds previously stated.

I make that suggestion, and I invite you to follow that course if
you want to.

Ask the next question.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, would you briefly outline for the commit-
tee your employment background ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for reasons
that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, your subpena served upon you on October
11, 1965, called for you to produce certain documents. Were you
present in the hearing room yesterday when the chairman read his
opening statement ? Did you receive a copy of the opening statement
and do you understand its contents prior to my asking for a demand
for those documents ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to deliver

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

1702 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Cliairman, may I state to the committee

The Chairman. "VVliat is the pending question ?

Mr. Appell. I asked him if he was present when your opening
statement was made, whether he received a copy of the opening state-
ment, and whether or not he understood the content of the opening
statement.

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Chairman, may I state to the committee, and
to you, sir, that my client has been informed of the opening statement
and is well aware of the contents thereof, and has been informed by
me also of that fact and what the opening statement contains.

The Chairman. That is correct, is it not? You can answer that.

Well, you speak for your client ?

Mr. Chalmers. I am speaking for my client, sir.

The Chairman. Tliank you for that expeditious way of proceeding.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, part 1 of the attachment to your subpena,
which was made a part of the subpena, called upon you to produce :

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda relating to the
organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible Empire,
United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as the
United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of Ku Klux Klan, and aflSliated organiza-
tions, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service, New Bern and Blounts Creek Fund,
in your possession, custody or control, or maintained by you or available to you as
Grand Dragon, Realm (State) of North Carolina, of the Invisible Empire, United
Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as the United
Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

I now ask you to produce those documents, sir.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 8, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to
the subject under investigation, and the same would not aid the Con-
gress in consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is such
required within the scope of that authorized by Kule IV of the House
rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolution 8, adopted
January 4, 1965.

(At this point Mr. Buchanan left the hearing room.)

The Chairman. Mr. Jones, the committee does not accept your
reasons for refusal to answer. It does not accept any of your consti-
tutional invocations, and is of the opinion that your failure to produce
the documents enumerated may well result in a contempt citation, in
a recommendation by this subcommittee to the full committee, and by
the full committee to the House of Representatives, for a contempt
citation.

(At this point Mr. Buchanan returned to the hearing room.)

The Chairman. I hope it won't be necessary for me to repeat the
reasons why the committee does not accept your reasons for refusal
to produce these documents.

Is that understood, Mr. Counsel ?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. In this instance I therefore order and direct you,
Mr. Jones, to produce those documents called for by part 1 of the
attachment to your subpena.

May I have the privilege from here on to say for the reasons pre-
viously given the committee rejects the refusal to produce the
documents.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1703

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir ; and may I state to the chairman and to
the committee my client is well aware of the implications.

The Chaikman. I don't know if you answered the question, Mr.
Jones.

Did he?

I now order and direct you to produce those documents enumerated
in part 1 of the attachment to your subpena.
(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 8, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to
the subject under investigation, and the same would not aid the Con-
gress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

The Chairman. Mr. Counselor, would you listen to me now ?

My own general counsel suggests that I ask you if it is understood
that, first, he heard my questioning of Mr. Shelton along these lines,
and second, are you still satisfied that you well understand the pur-
poses and objectives and pertinency of evidence now being presented
as described in mj opening statement, and with all of that knowledge
he still persists in refusing to produce the documents? That is
understood ?

Mr. Chalmers. Let me speak to my client.

(Counsel confers with witness.)

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Chainuan, T think, sir, I am not fully familiar
how we can stipulate to something in this hearing, but we certainly
do not desire to extend it out. My client, sir, heai-d what the chair-
man told Mr. Shelton this morning.

The Chairman. And that includes the fact that I told Mr. Shelton,
and it applies to him, too, that this order is for him to respond to the
subpena by producing these documents on the basis of his representa-
tive capacity as Grand Dragon ?

Mr. Chalmers. I can't go that far, sir. I am sorry, I can't go
that far. I can stipulate, sir, to this, that the subpena reads to James
R. Jones, and that based on that, the original subpena which we have
here, I imagine, he was ordered to produce the items listed in number
1, that he heard your statements with respect to what Mr. Shelton
said, that Mr. Shelton was told this mommg, that he heard and is
familiar with the opening statement made by the chairman yesterday,
and that he realizes the possibility of a contempt citation based on
the subpena served upon him dated October 8, 1964.

I don't know what date it was served on him.

The Chairman. Look at paragraph 1.

Mr. Chalmers. I see that. Let me say this

The Chairman, I call to your attention, Mr. Chalmers, that para-
graph 1 of the attachment to the subpena calls for certain records for
him, of course, to produce, but it reads "or maintained by you" —

documents * * * in your possession, custody or control, or maintained by you or
available to you as Grand Dragon, Realm (State) of North Carolina, of the

1704 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Kii Klux Klan of America, Inc.,
also known as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

So the capacity is there.

Mr. Chalmers. I am certain, sir, that the wording of a subpena
speaks for itself, and certainly whatever is there we will certainly
stipulate on that this subpena was served on him based upon what
was said in the subpena itself.

The Chairman. If you have any objection, you are a good lawyer,
and I will recess and serve another one on him.

Mr. Chalmers, No, sir ; I do not.

The Chahiman. Is it agreed to the understanding that he is being
directed to produce these documents in his possession, control, custody
or control, or maintained by him, or available to him as Grand Dragon ?

In other words, as an official of the organizations technically enu-
merated in that subpena? We can agree to that. I think it is self-
evident that it speaks for itself and that is what it means. But if you
have any technical reasons, let's recess and I Avill serve another one
on him.

Mr. Chalmers. We expressly state, sir, that we will stipulate that
the subpena says what it means.

The Chairman, What is it you can't stipulate, then?

Mr. Chalmers. I can stipulate, sir, that he heard your opening
statement.

The Chairman. I understand that.

Mr. Chalmers. I can stipulate that this subpena was served on
him asking him to produce these records.

The Chairman. In his capacity enumerated?

Mr. Chalmers. As whatever the capacity is in there, sir. I wish
T could approach the bench.

The Chairman. Come up here.

(Discussion off the record.)

The Chairman. May I suggest that perhaps what good counsel has
in mind is that he can't stipulate and agree that his client is the
Grand Dragon of this order, but that he does stipulate that he is
directed to produce these documents as Grand Dragon.

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. In other words, we will have to establish that he
is Grand Dragon.

Mr. Chalmers,, Yes, sir.

The Chairman. We will ask him that question right away,

Mr, Chalmers. All right, sir. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman. By the way, we have evidence under oath in the
record that he is, seriously.

The bells have rung and while this committee imder the rules of
the House is authorized to sit continuously there is an important
vote going on.

The committee will stand in recess in order to respond to that roll-
call. We will resume at 3 :15.

But before that, may I ask you while this thing is on our minds,
what you said in response to my colloquy and technical discussion
we had with reference to this witness, Mr. Jones, that is your same
position with respect to Mr. Shelton?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1705

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir; that is correct.

The Chairman. The committee will stand in recess until 3 :15.

(Whereupon, at 2:50 p.m. the subconmiittee recessed. All subcom-
mittee members present at time of recess.)

(The subcommittee reconvened at 3:35 p.m. Subcommittee
members present : Representatives Willis, Pool, Ashbrook, and
Buchanan.)

The Chairman. The subcommittee will be in order.

The photographers will remove their equipment.

Proceed, Mr. Appell.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, under the attachment to the subpena, sec-
tion 2, you are called upon to produce :

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda in your pos-
session, custody or control, or maintained by or available to you, in your capacity
as Grand Dragon, Realm (State) of North Carolina, of the United Klans of
America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, which the "Constitution and Laws"
of said organization authorize and require to be maintained by you and any other
officer of said organization, the same being in your possession, custody or control.

I now ask you to produce those documents.

The Chairman. Now let me say this: It is understood, I take it,
so we won't have to cover it any more, that under the first paragraph
of this attachment, and under this one, and under others to follow,
that the subpena duces tecum directs him to produce those documents
in his capacity recited in that paragraph.

Mr, Chalmers. Yes, sir ; that is stipulated, sir.

Mr. Appell. Please answer the question.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records requested by this committee under the subpena dated
October 8, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to
the subject mider investigation, and the same would not aid the
Congress in consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such inquiry within the scope of that authorized by the Rule IV of
the rules adopted by the 89tli Congress, by House Resolution 8,
adopted January 4, 1965.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. JoNEis. I respectfully decline to deliver records or documents
for I honestly feel they might tend to incriminate me and be a viola-
tion of my rights as guaranteed by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the
Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I ask for a direction.

The Chairjvian. I will do that.

Mr. Jones, I now order and direct you for the reasons previously
indicated, which your coimsel has stipulated need not be repeated,
to produce those documents.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records as required by this committee under subpena dated
October 8, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane
to the subject under investigation, and the same would not aid the
Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such inquiry within the scope of that authorized by the investigation,
by Rule IV of the House rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by
House Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

1706 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee such records or
documents for the reason that I honestly feel they might tend to
incriminate me and be a violation of my rights guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appeu.. Mr. Jones, part 3 of the subpena calls for you to
produce :

Copies of U.S. Treasury Department, Internal Revenue Ser\'ice, Form 1120,
[titled] "U.S. Corporation Income Tax Return," for the fiscal years 1961 through
June 30, 1965, filed by you as Grand Dragon, Realm (State) of North Carolina,
United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

I now ask you to produce those docmnents in your possession.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records as required by this committee — as requested by this
committee under subpena dated October 8, 1965, for that information
is not relevant and germane to the subject mider investigation, and
the same would not aid the CJongress in the consideration of any valid
remedial legislation, nor is such inquiry within the scope of that
authorized to be investigated by Rule IV of the ndes adopted by the
89th Congress, by House Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any such records
as requested as they might tend to incriminate me and violate my
rights as guaranteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Con-
stitution of the United States of America.

(At this point Mr. Weltner entered the hearing room.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, is it not a fact that you filed no corporate
tax return?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14
of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, is it not a fact that during the 3 days of
August 6, 7, and 8, 1965, the North Carolina Klan was holding rallies
in the Wilson, North Carolina, area?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. And isn't it a further fact that Internal Revenue
Agent Roy Heddy conferred with Mr. Shelton and yourself and
received the following information, and I quote from a report supplied
to the committee:

The Realm of North Carolina is simply a geographical subdivision of the
National Chapter and is used only to identify a given area, i.e. [that is], the State
of North Carolina. It is not an organization and has no funds, income or ex-
pense, therefore no returns are due. * * *

Wasn't that statement made to the Internal Revenue Service agent
by you and Mr. Shelton as reported by the agent?

Mr. Jones. May I consult counsel ?

(Witness confers with counsel. )

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for reasons
that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in viola-

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1707

tion of my ri^jhts as ofn^'^rfinteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of

the Constitution of the United States of iVmerica.

(Docmnent previously marked "Robert SheUon Exhibit No. 5.'")
Mr. Appei.t.. Mr. Jones, under paragraph 4 — section 4 — of the

attachment whicli was made a part of the subpena, you were ordered

to produce:

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda of the Invisible
Empire, United Klans, Kniglits of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known
as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and affiliated
organizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service, and the Realm (State) of
North Carolina and the Capital City Restoration Association, in your possession,
custody or control, or maintained by you or available to you as Grand Dragon,
Realm (State) of North Carolina of the Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights
of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as the United Klans of America,
Inc.. Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, which relate to insurance contracts between
the Capital City Restoration Association and the International Life and Accident
Insurance Company.

I now ask you to produce those documents in your possession.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee any
and all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 8, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to
the subject under investigation, and the same would not aid the Con-
gress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is such
inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by Rule
IV of the House rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee those documents
as requested as I honestly feel they might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. For reasons previously stated, and v.^hich it has
been stipulated I need not repeat, you are hereby ordered and directed
to produce those documents.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee any
and all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 8, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to
the subject under investigation, and the same would not aid the
Congress in the consideration of .any valid remedial legislation, nor
is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated
by Rule IV of the House rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to deliver those records requested
by this committee for I honestly feel they might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, section 5 of the attachment which was
made a part of the subpena calls for :

Copies of U.S. Treasury Department, Internal Revenue Service, Form 1040,
[titled] "U.S. Individual Income Tax Return," for the calendar years 1958
through 1964, filed by you as an individual taxpayer with the U.S. Treasury
Department, Internal Revenue Service.

1708 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(At this point Mr. Buchanan left, the hearing room.)

]\fr. Appell. Mr. Jones, I ask you to produce the documents called
for in section 5.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee any
and all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 8, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to
the subject under investigation, and the same would not aid the
Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor
is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated
by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee these records
for the reason I honestly feel to do so might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Is that all concerning the production of docu-
ments ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Let me say this: As previously indicated, you
were ordered for the reasons I stated, and you refused to produce the
documents referred to in paragraphs 1, 2, and 4 for reasons you in-
dicated, which I did not accept, and I further point out that this
could lead to an ultimate citation for contempt.

It is noted that I did not order you to produce, right now, the docu-
ments referred to in paragraphs 3 and 5, namely corporation tax
returns.

I did not do that because, according to the information supplied to
us by the Internal Revenue Service you did not file, so it is unnecessary
for me to direct you to produce them, therefore.

Incidentally, if my information is correct, you are in worse trouble
than a citation for contempt.

Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, I hand you an application for a Post Office
Box, No. 321, dated 6^8-65, signed James R. Jones, with the name
of the firm or corporation being "Ku Klux Klan — District Manager."

I ask you if you executed that application for a post office box?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 1" appears on
p. 1709.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, I hand you a document, North Carolina
Domestic Corporation Franchise Tax Report, due July 31, 1965,
with an affirmation of the taxpayer dated July 20, 1965, signed James
R. Jones, Grand Dragon, North Carolina.

I ask you if you signed this document and formally filed it with the
State of North Carolina ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1709

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James Jones Exhibit No. 1

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1710

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

violation of my rights as guaranteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of tlie United States of America.

(Document marked "James Jones Exliibit No. 2."' Pages 1 and 4
of said exhibit follow :)

James Jones Exhibit No. 2

Form C 300

ff;

N. C. Dept. of Revenue
lUlfigh, N. C.

-'^

/9t<^

NORTH CAROLINA
DOMESTIC CORPORATION FRANCHISE TAX REPORT

DUE JULY 31. 1965

This report must bt filed by every North Carolina corporation regardless of whether it is actually carrying on
business in the State. Report covers the fiscal year July 1. 1966 through June 30, 1966.

"^-^vivjvv^yjV^ ^\^<j. ^ VVJvV^ ^^V-vM's. V-Vjvqvk\?^
Name of reporting corporation _ Vj^ S. Vm^ _ .VsV^Vj. _ k^_ 'CVV^R.'ft.vlL a, ^ "Xvj C •

Street address 5^tii__^Si- -'^'^\ County

City and State ...^.^.^'^Lrj^uvW^-'^i^^t^-V-^^CL ^ W^TC^" . C

Date incorporated ,fIWV*)^r\^N^V^ Kind of business _ \V--^\si.V*JVU CiW^'!U)v\''^"Vtli

Indicate if connected witlvanother corporation as: Parent □ Subsidiary C Affiliate □

Furnish name, address and business of each (Attach Schedule) —

Basis and Computation of Tax

Capital Stock outstanding. Surplus, Undivided Profits
(Brought from page 2, it«m 23)

2. Affiliated Indebtedness (Brought from page 2, item 27)

3. Total of items 1 and 2 (See note on page 4)

4. Total investment in tangible properties in North Carolina
(Brought from page 2, item 35)

B. Total assessed value of all properties located in North Carolina including

total valuation of intangible personal property (From page 2, item 41)

6. TOTAL TAXABLE AMOUNT (Item 3, 4. or 6, whichever is greatest)

-^"--^;:,^v^

7. Amount of tax computed at $1.60 per $1,000 of item 6 (Minimum Ta« tlO.OO )

8. Less: Intangible tax on bank deposits (1964)

9. TOTAL AMOUNT OF TAX

(MINIMUM TAX $10.00)1

10. (a) Add:

Penalty of 6% per month of delinquency period up to a maximum
of 26% of Item 9, not less than $6.00, for failure to file on date duo

CIJ52r?

(b) Add: Interest at 6% per annum

n. TOTAL TAX, PENALTY AND INTEREST DUE

\^ OC-.

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AFFIRMATION OF TAXPAYER

I h«r^r kfOrm thKt thip report. Ineludlnt th* arcompanvinff »fh«Uuln snd BUIrmrnU (If Mnyl, ha« h^vn r«amin#^ br mr and. to th* b«»t fl
hnnwlMsr and hellvf. I* true and rompl«t« and tn madr In gnod t%\\\\ rovrtlnt the Luikfelilr r'^^od^ ^tal^. punuftnt to the Rrvenuc Art of I93t>.
\amended, and the reffulHtlona l^aued under •uthorlty thMrfuf. and that thl« affirVridtion i« l/nBd* vmler, th* prnaltin prescribed by law.

\ prescrjbc
BT%>arer other than taxpaTer

'/.Cc^<^J^

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1711

James Jones Exhibit No. 2 — Cbntinued

Pace 4

Officers Names and Addresses

Pruident:

Vice-president:

Tre»surer:

(NOTK: Every domestic corporation owning real estate and tangiblo jrojerty l.^cnlpil nut'iiilr Nnrih Tarolina
and also carrying on, conducting or engaging in business outride North Carolina should apply to the Uopartment
oTRevenue, Corporate Income and Franchlae Tax Division, for Form C-30P-A and file as part of this report.)

Franchise tax liability accrues each year on July 1 and all of the tax due becomes payable with the filing of
report which is due on or before July 31. Failure to file the report before July 31 will subject the corporation to a
penalty amounting to 5% of the tax due for each month's delinquency. (Maximum penalty in absence of fraud
257t, minimum penalty $6.00.) Interest at the rate of W of 1% per month is charged on all delinquent Ux pay-
ments from Au^st 1 to the dat« of payment. The same rate of interest is also charged on ail extended tax
paymenta.

Vo partial or inntallment franekite tax paymenlt arc permitteri by 'he Sfaliilf. The lolnl tax rinr viiiit or-
company tkit report.

REPORT AND TAX DUE BY JULY 31,1965- N. C. DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE, RALEIGH, N. C.

The Chairman. Mr. Jones, you were questioned about your edu-
cation and you invoked the fifth amendment. I thereupon directed
you to answer that question. A^ain you refused.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully declme

The Chairman. Wait a second. I haven't asked the question yet.

Mr. Jones. I thought you did.

The Chairman. No. I am very serious in this respect. I don't
mean anything by the question. I think perhaps counsel himself
might concede that his client has had very little education. I think
it is obvious from the way he has been reading the documents.

Will counsel concede that ? I am not going to hold it against him.

Mr. Chalmers. May I have a conference?

The Chairman. Yes.

1712 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN EST THE U.S.

(Counsel confers with witness.)

Mr. Chalmers. May I state to the Chairman and to the committee
that my client did not graduate from high school.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, the "Constitution And Laws Of The United
Klans of America, Inc., Knights Of The Ku Klux Klan," under
Article XV, "Revenues and Property Titles," Section 3, reads :

The revenues of a Realm shall consist of : First, such portion of the Imperial
revenue received from that Realm as may be fixed by proclamation of the Na-
tional Klonvokation. Second, a per capita tax, to be known as a Realm Tax, in
such amount as the Klorero may determine, in no case to be less than 25 cents
per month.

Do you maintain financial records for reporting the receipt of money
from Klaverns in the form of a State tax ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

(Document previously marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 3.")

The Chairman. I think you are doing fine now.

Mr. Appell. I show you a copy of an advertisement which appeared
in the Dunn, North Carolina, daily Record^ on January 5, 1965, which
seeks additional membership in the Ku Klux Klan, which invites
people to make inquiry if they are interested in membership in North
Carolina, Box 321, Granite Quarry, North Carolina, the box to which
1 just handed you the application, and I ask you if you have any
correspondence or applications in your possession with respect to
membership.

(Document handed to witness.)

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 3^ and retained in
committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, I will hand you a document dated July
19, 1965, addressed "Esteemed Klansmen" and it is signed "Yours for
God and Country, James R. Jones, Grand Dragon."

It is signed "James R. Jones, Grand Dragon."

In handing you the document, I want to ask you if you are the
author of the document, and I wish to call your attention to para-
graph 2 which reads :

Enclosed you will find a 3 x 5 card, in the top left corner, I want your unit
number and mailing address, Under that I want your E.C.'s name, home ad-
dross and telephone number ; under that, your Secretary, address and telephone
number.

The Chairman. And EC stands for exalted cyclops ?

Mr. Appell. That is correct, sir,

I ask you, Mr. Shelton, whether or not you sent that letter, whether
that is your signature.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Chalmers. May I ask you to see if you did not call him Mr.
Shelton rather than Mr. Jones ?

Mr. Appell. Please correct the record. I did not mean to call Mr.
Jones Mr. Shelton, if I did.

Mr. Jones?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 4" follows:)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1713

James Jones Exhibit No. 4

July 19, 1965

Esteemed Klansmen,

It has been brought to ray attention that some towns and counties
x;hile j^utting out posters and circulars, put these in mail boxes.
This as you kno\; and nave been told is illegal. The postmaster
general says I am going to pay for each poster and circular and
in turn, each county and town responsible is also going to pay.
From now on please do not mess with anything belonging to the
federal government.

•Enclosed you will find a 3 X 5 card, in the top left corner, I
v;ant your unit number and mailing address. Under that I want
your E. C.'s name, home address and telephone number; under
that, your Secretary, address and telephone number.

For you Kleagles and people starting new units, first get in touch
with your Titan to let him knov; so we can organize our efforts, in
a given town or county.

September 4th and 5th is National Meeting in Tuscaloocca, Alabama.
This is the 100th year of the Klan and we expect to have a p^r-ide
in robes, horsei and all, a full Klan parade. Everyone should
start making arrangem^^rto, so North Carolina can be well represented.

There has been a lot of unnecessary talking and confusion behind
the ropes at Rallys, This distracts the speakers and the audience,
so fy lease refrain from this as much as possible.

At the Tennessee State u:;eting, Mr. Shelton said in no uncertain
terms, any man in leadership capacity of United Klans of America
found under the influence of alcohol, will be replaced without fear
or favor. The next 90 days the leadership of t is organization
vjill be under fire from all sides. Your petty politicians are
getting scared, so not drinking in public is a small sacrifice to
pay for the freedom of our count^ry. Your help and cooperation is
expected and will be appreciated.

The upcoming Rallys will be a strain on everyone so if your Rally
is on a given day, you are expected to have a representative at the
Rally before your Rally to help tear down platformand drive truck
back to your town.

Please leave electrical equipment on the truck alone. You are also
expected to have all needed equipment for your Rally at the Rally
site at least by noon on the Rally date.

Yours for God and Country,

aines R. Jones, ^
^and Dragon

1714 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. In response to the request made of Klans within the
State of North Carolina, did you, in response to your demand of
July 19, 1P65, receive 3 by 5 cards containing the information called
for?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Are those cards still in your possession?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Have they been destroyed ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, the committee, by subpena. dated

The Chairman. May I ask a question of you, Mr. Appell ?

These cards you just referred to — by the way, you better offer
them and all of the documents for the record.

All documents previously referred to are now made a part of the
record in the respective orders identified.

Now, Mr. Appell, these cards you just referred to sent by, accord-
ing to you, Mr. Jones to other people, do they indicate a listing of
membership by name, by number, or both, in this instance? What
would be your interpretation ?

Mr. Appell. Wliat Mr. Jones asked for was the full identity — the
name, address, and telephone number of the exalted cyclops and the
name, address, and telephone number of the secretary or kligrapp of
each of the Klaverns within his jurisdiction.

The Chairman. But with respect to membership, I now ask you
concerning the testimony on it whether it is not a fact established by
the investigation that ordinary members are given numbers, or usually
referred to by numbers rather than by names, except that somewhere
down the line someone has a list of names with numbers but usually
the members are known by numbers.

Is that not a fact? If I haven't stated is correctly, please correct
me.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, during the investigation we were ad-
vised, and we have received testimony, that in many cases an appli-
cation is destroyed immediately upon its being executed and that,
within the Klavern itself, a man is known by a number rather than a
name and that when a roster is passed during a Klavern meeting, in
order to determine who is there, the man indicates his presence by
putting down a number which is assigned to him.

The Chairman, And these numbers do not necessarily always start
from number 1 and go on, but might start with number 400 and go on ;
is that correct ?

Mr. Appell, That is true, sir, and do not necessarily run in a numeri-
cal sequence even within the Klavern itself.

The Chairman. And that is for security reasons?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr. AppeUv, Mr. Jones, we received, as a result of the subpena served
on August 17, 1965, upon the manager of Mill Fabrics, Inc., 126 States-

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1715

ville Boulevard, Salisbury, North Carolina, invoices covering the pur-
chase of material, one invoice of 2-20-65, 1,0641/2 yards of acetate
satin, 69 cents a yard, 10 percent discount, sales tax, total invoice:
$680.89; May 14, 1965, 211 yards of Princeton satin, 69 cents a yard
with the discount plus a sales tax, a total invoice of $134.96 ; May 18,
1965, 60 yards of 38-inch buckram, 69 cents a yard with discount
added to sales tax, $38.38; on May 20, 1965, 1,029 yards of Princeton
satin, 69 cents a yard, $710.01, less discount, plus sales tax, a total
invoice of $658.18 ; May 26, 1965, 107 yards of carded cotton broad-
cloth, 39 cents a yard, $41.73, less discount, plus sales tax, a total
invoice of $38.69 ; July 13, 1965, 1,453 yards of Princeton acetate satin,
69 cents a yard, or $1,002.57, less discount, plus sales tax, $929.38;
90 yards of unicorn buckram, 69 cents a yard, $62.10, less discount,
plus sales tax, $57.57, or a total of 3,7571/^ yards of satin.

The Chairman. "\V1io got the business ?

Mr. Appell. The invoices are all billed to Mr. James R. Jones,
Box 321, Granite Quarry, North Carolina.

The Chairman. I don't understand that. Whose invoices ?

Mr. Appell. These are the invoices of Mill Fabrics, Inc., upon whom
we served a subpena.

The Chairman. Let's be frank. Are those the people who make
the sheets ? I am serious.

Mr. Appell. This is just for the bulk material, sir. I wanted to
ask of Mr. Jones after he purchased this satin material what he did
with it.

The Chairman. It is not all satin.

Mr. Appell. Satin and then there is buckram, which is the stiffen-
ing material that holds the peak up, and then, of course, broadcloth,
which is a little cheaper grade material.

The Chaiioian. ho all the boys don't wear the same outfits ?

Mr. Ajpell. No, sir ; and the boys don't pay the same price, whether
it is broadcloth or satin.

The Chairman. Ask your question.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, did you purchase this material as I have
set forth in these invoices ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the staff, in figuring up these invoices,
shows that the average cost of satin is 64 cents a yard, and that it
takes approximately 5 yards to make a small robe.

Mr. Jones, it is the committee's information that you sell the satin
robes for $15. Is that information correct as far as the cost of the
robe?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the gromids pre\dously stated.

Mr. Appell. After you purchase the material, who do you get to
manufacture the robes for you ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the groimds previously stated.

Tlie Chairman. Before the next question, Mr. Manuel testified that
Shelton's order, United Klans of America, got a cut of 50 cents on the

1716 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

dues. Can you state right now at this point, so Ave can follow you,
what our information is, if any, as to the cut the Imperial AVizard's
outfit receives from the apparel ?

Mr. Appell. $15 for the satin robe, sir, and 25 cents per man per
capita dues per month.

The Chairman. Who gets the $15 ?

Mr. Appell. This is a good question. This is a question which Mr.
Jones can answer because he purchased the material and we want to
know who makes the profit, the enormous profit off of these robes.

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. I ask you again, Mr. Appell, what is your best
information as to who gets what part or the whole of this $15 item?

Mr. Appell,. Mr. Chairman, after whatever Mr. Jones pays to have
the material made into the robe, the profit goes to Mr. Jones.

Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask that the invoices to which I have
just referred be entered as exhibits at this point in the order in which
they were referred to.

The Chairman. The documents will be accepted in the record at
this point.

(Documents marked "James Jones Exhibits Nos. o-A through 5-G,"
respectively, and retamed in committee files.)

The Chairman. Mr. Reporter, I will repeat again that all docu-
ments previously identified will be inserted in the record at the
respective points where they were identified.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, did the United Klans of America, in Xorth
Carolina, hold a rally at Dunn, Nortli Carolina, approximately
May 25, 1965 ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. It is the committee's knowledge that at these rallies
there is always a pitch made for money for the purpose of either
putting people on the road as paid, salaried people, or for some other
appeal. In working this appeal, do you operate what would be com-
monly known as a shill game, in that when you start asking for money
you have your people come up and make presentations of $100 or $5*0
in order to try to sucker other people into donating the same large
sums of money ?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States.

The Chairman. Here we go again. Maybe I am dumb, but why
go back to the long form of invocation?

Mr. Appell. Mv. Jones, I hand you a photograph in which there
is a man dressed in what appears to be a Klan robe counting money.
I Avant to ask you, first, if you know the identity of that man.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to ansAver that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Photograph marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 6" follows:)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1717

James Jones Exhibit No. 6

Rev. George Dorsett, Ku Klux Klan Chaplain

The CiiAiRMAx. Before the next question, Mr. Appell, you asked
Mr. Jones whether it Avas not a fact tliat the old shill or come-see
game was employed at these rallies, where a basket or a hat is passed
around in a fashion whereby confederates or chosen people put in
rather unusual siuns as a pitch for others to kick in more than Avhat
they would normally do or can afford.

Does the investigation establish that to be a fairlv common
practice ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

Mr. Jones, wliat happens to this money after it is collected at these
rallies, as this man is counting it out here?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Do you maintain an account in the name of the
United Klans of America, care of James R. Jones, at the Wachovia
Bank and Trust Company, Salisbury, North Carolina?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. By the way, Mr. Appell, I must caution you that
the questions I propounded to you assume that the oath you took
yesterday still obtains. You understand that, do you?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir; I do, very well, sir.

Mr. Jones, the committee has obtained through subpena an account
from the Wachovia Bank and Trust Company in the name of the

1718 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

United Klaus of America, Inc., care of James R. Jones, Post Office
Box 321, Granite Quarry, North Carolina, which, according to the
ledger cards of the account, -was opened on May 13, 1965, with a (i-.^-
posit in the form of currency of $759, a check of $25, or a total deposit
of $784, and that from that starting date of May 13, 1965, through
September 19, 1965, from May through September, there has been
deposited to tliat account $16,903.37.

Where did that money come from, Mr. Jones?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

The Chairmax. How many months would that be?

Mr. Appell. May 13th to September 19tli is -i months.

The Chairman. Mr. Jones, Mr. Appell asked you where this money
came from, and you invoked your privilege. Now I ask you, did you
deposit in this bank or other accounts all the funds you received from
dues, apparel, drives, basket-passing, and all other sources?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Bank records marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-A"' and retained
in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Is the Reverend George Dorsett a paid employee of
the United Klans of America, North Carolina ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. I wish you could give the committee a very accu-
rate response to this question of mathematics. What portion of these
deposits such as have been made, and I hope it is all that you received,
would be for these various items — apparel, dues, collections, drives,
so-called defense fund, and so on? Could you break that down for
us?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(At this point Mr. Buchanan returned to the hearing room.)

The Chairman. You see, that would aid the committee, if this is the
only bank account, in knowing what the dues are, and knowing what
you keep, in fixing the numbers of your organization. As to the United
Klans of America, our information is that their bank deposits, mostly
if not all, are receipts from dues, so it will be fairly easy later on to
figure that out. I suppose Mr. Appell will cover that subject in due
time.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, with respect

The Chairman. I was just asking if you want to go into it at this
time. I don't want to break your continuity of thought.

Mr. Appell. This account does not deal Avith dues.

Mr. Jones, is it not a fact that from this account you made payments
to the Reverend George Dorsett on July 23, 1965, xYu^ust 6, August 14,
August 20, August 28. September 3, September 10, September 17, one
payment of $100 and seven payments of $150 or a total of $1,150?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

(Checks marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-B.")

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1719

Mr. AsiiBROOK. Did you say ''Reverend" ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Will you establish who he is? Who is Dorsett?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Why was he given that money ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. From this accoimt, did you make 13 payments at $150
each which, according to the regularity of the payments, appear to be
weekly payments of $150 a week to Boyd Hamby for a total of $1950 ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Checks marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-C.")

Mr. Appell, Did you make payments from this account to Grady B.
Mars, 16 checks at $150 each for a total of $2,400 ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Checks marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-D.")

Mr. Appell. Did you make payments from this account to Marshall
R. Komegay, 8 payments at $150 each, for a total to him of $1200 ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Checks marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-E.")

Mr. Appeli . Did you make 12 payments for $150 to Donald E.
Leazer ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Checks marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-F.*' One check from
each- of said exhibits 7-B through 7-F appears on pp. 1720, 1721;
balance retained in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that each of these gentlemen, in addition
to holding some type of official capacity within the United Klans of
North Carolina, were known within the Klan circles as paid
organizers ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, did you maintain in the name of the
United Klans of America an account at the Farmers & Merchants
Bank at Granite Quarry, North Carolina ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, an analysis of this account shows that
starting w^ith a deposit on 9-11-63, in the amount of $31, that there
has been deposited into that account, in addition to that which we
dealt with in the first account, tlirough September 4, 1965, $7,659.25.

The Chairman. That is a period of slightly less than a year?

Mr. Appell. No, sir. September 1963 through 8-16-65.

Mr. AsHBRooK. September 1964?

Mr. Appell. 1963, sir.

The Chairman. September 1963 through August?

1720

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 7-B

-'-■ ■ "«i-'*'*X.--f ^•"*^.— ■^'-^"*"g^*«^'.» ■■■ ■I^-w.»*~.-i*«w. Ym.n„Y — *

United Klans or America, Inc.

p. a. Box 321
Granite Quarry, N. C. 28072

^coj- - i/yii/y

^l-^s^^A^'. ^>^^_ ^^

■^,.^y-

V'\J WACHOVIA IS&sV?o°MP,
^ SALISBURY. NORTH CAROLI

COMPANY
N A

\ For ,>^,-^^.^.

/- ^y--^^..

^¥m^

^iV

-44/3iliil

SEP 2 3 1955 uiiTEo

-19i^Vl

.s^

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66-92 V
531 J

Dollars

Clans or Amcrica, Inc. 5

►i:053

'z:^^BM:^imEL

k.):-i

^^-<^-v^

■00000 15000.1' :

James Jones Exhibit No. 7-C

United Kuans cf AMiSicA, Inc.

p. a. Box 3Z1
Granite Ouarpy. n. C. 23C72

I>ATK_S?^::^<

WACHOVIA JSSSr-*?,?,,

f FoR.-;-^.^-Vi

^(i'.-VNY
SALISBURY. NORTH CAROLJNA

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LUjitTED Klans of America. In

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► i:o 5 3 i-doqf^i:,., ;<v, irS'*r k-o ?"•

:?-.-f^.^^^'„

.'•00000 iSOOG/

James Jones Exhibit No. 7-D

'jwvox«nKaiv»w»KA«cisKVA->wu£v>orev.<rAvn« V.MV «ra»iv3»iRwni«r.s'rax^>,3SnsMt.<ui»uw^^ -■c«<a.^*..KV.v.. mv.'*.

United Klans of America, Inc.

p. □. Box 321

Granitc Quarry, N. C. 28072

5?:

-" WACHOVIA JSS&'.^I'm.akt

QALISQUHY. NORTKCAHOLINA

I FoK,;i:<S^^-fj^Jt^^;ei;^tL.=i.s.-;__

•on

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-t^

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-.. ■» T- .,- (,11 I [| I'l f I ,"f ■

-_ ; Dor.i.ARS

• ^UfgTto fLANB OF Amcrica, inc.
VV..

.'•00000 I 5000.'"

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1721

James Jones Exhibit No. 7-E

•r-

Umtcd KLAN* or America. Inc.

tf'^.

tlMifCO KLAM9 <M AM<ll«fi«. Imft.

WACHOVIA »Kfif*a

i.jis^i^ .y — .^,»^^-i^

-•:•

•; 4" t i »•'•• L. ' ?»'

■y^y ■ i^MiM

t>. •> > »l£%

James Jones Exhibit No. 7-F

United Klans of America, Inc.

p. O. BOK321
Granite OuARRY, N. C. 28072

■i

58 =

J ('to THE / ,.

U I ORDKR OT_£^<^^

^X7 WACHOVIA ?S?.V?o°^^.A.•{r

» i:o 5 3 i"'9Dq;§t';^ Ai^i;"i5.0'"^5tfiH

^ .''00000 15000/ ;

Mr. Appell. Aiiirust 16, 1965.

The Chairman. It is a period of slio;ht]y less than 2 years; is that
right I

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

Mr. Jones, from what source was money placed into this account?

Mr. JoxEs. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appeli.. Did you write checks against this account for printing
in the amount of $3,677?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Did you write checks to yourself in the amount of
$1,525 ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Checks marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 8-A" follow :)

1722

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 8-A

F.VKMKKS*\NDMhHCILVNTSlUNK - •

(:qQ&s.»oi&i.t:

7I.X

'9%_

* I AUMFHS AM) MKUri!ANTS IV

\Nk

r«n

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Fakmkks ani) "^h r< hams ISask

1 V >:. V-^»

•:iofeb-'C5&i,i

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1723

James Jones Exhibit No. 8-A — Continued

RutMERS AND MERCHANTS BaNK

*:90&&»0i&

■UiiM

CJ&^>^--^-^/{ji'\

()V-^«c^'

Farmfrs ami >f kkchants Baxk

t:^OL£-'0 j&wt:

%:>

^''i^e>

K^^.

f%\- T« THY! ,-». J jjJt^^j,

( *

Farmers ani) Mkrcil^nts Eakk

lUtt,i,^Vtfi

,f4>i^-ii<L^\

1724

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 8-A — Continued

.»-•». -rvT" •.". vK/

~ - ^li

«<^,Ji~Xo

■^

f >RM* «.s rvsif^K«€tiAi^Ts Bank

f-y -f-^-

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^^ , . ,y'^. J-

«»l ; •.«»,

f- /DtDOOlOuOOO/

Til— ill! im mr rwrr wsttuso^yie&Ji''

l9J<i K«.. .^

afARMKHS AND MERCHANTS RaNK

F< > u

i:so6b»o)&i.i:

/O0OO kOOOOO/

KVRMKRS AND MkRCIIAXTS BaXK

•:s06&-.0 3E»,»:

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1725

immmmmmr'

James Jones Exhibit No. 8-A — Continued

'*• •» k *»

-1^

C$1 O

i.«:

^0yru.^ ^

k^'^<jj^-»^

Faumeks .^i) Mt:K(.iLv\Ts Bank - —

XBlHMi

Farmkhs and MEKrii^nrs Hakk /

"^ 5^ iioi «..*«% 1

'-^7^-^i.

^ tuV'^'

iiriuyb

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1 14

1726

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 8-A— Continued

IaKMKK.S AM) >!KK<:nANTS liANK.

Lnyx.^^^

7^-^

^w .^^^.^ >^<

l-fKM^-

«:so&&-GiG»,«:

■p-^ -ill «lia

-»-^-.^ V

FaiiMj^:5s .vxu Mercmaxts Baxk

I'a* t.-.-.

':Zo-

F«>t*

ic;

^:-%^.€.^ "5" *«>. v>*-^-»i-«^-*. •

Mr. Ai'PELL. In view of tlie fact tluit Ihis is a check by j'ourself
to yourself, I will hand you one and give you an opportunity to see
the document, because I would like to ask you who the cosigner on
that account is, Fred L. Wilson.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that at the time that check was drawn
Fred L. Wilson was treasurer of the Realm of North Carolina, United
Klans of America ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that questions based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. xVppell. Isn't it a further fact that he is a member of the same
Klavern that you are?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Does our investigation answer that question in the
affirmative ?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1727

Mr. ArrELL. Yes, sir.

The Chairmax. The two questions?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

Mr. Jones, do you know Koy Woodle i

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I saw him on a CBS-TV show, and he talked about
how money went to different places that no one knew where it went
to. Did you ever pay him any money?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on gromids previously stated.

Mr. Appell. On June 4, 1965, didii't you make a payment to Roy
Woodle out of the account at the Farmers & Merchants Bank for
$20?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I note in this account, Mr. Jones, that there is a check
dated August 4, 1965, payable to "M. E. Korneagay" in the amount
of $200. Tliis check reads, "Mistake In Acc[ount]. Washington #
57, Blounts Creek # 25."

Can you tell us what that refers to, sir ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mv. Shelton, the accomit shows that there were two
checks drawn against this accomit, one on September 19, 1964, in
the amount of $30; another on October 27, 1964, in the amount of
$1,530. The purpose for wdiich the check was drawn was to purchase
a truck. Is that truck titled in the name of the United Klans of
America or in your own personal name ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
gromids previously stated.

(Checks marked "James Jones Exhibits Nos. 8-B through 8-E,"
respectively, and retained in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, do you maintain a bank account at the
Security Bank and Trust Company in Salisbury, North Carolina, in
the name of Mr. and Mrs. James R. Jones ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
gromids previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Is it not a fact — I place it to you as a fact — that
money received from Klavems in the form of dues are deposited to
you, by you, into that accomit rather than in the accounts in the name
of the United Klans of America?

Mr. Jones, I resj^ectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Mr. Appell, you placed that question as a fact?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairjvian. And repeat it, please. I didn't catch it.

Mr. Appell, I asked Mr. Jones if it was not a fact that he deposited
to the personal account in the name of Mr. and Mrs. Jones, money
which he receives from Klaverns in the form of tax.

Mr. Jones, are you acquainted Avith the Craven County Improve-
ment Association?

1728

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IX THE U.S.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. ^^JTPELL. I show you a check subpenaed from the First-
Citizens Bank & Trust Company, the account of the Craven County
Improvement Association. Tlie check is dated 6-12-1964. It is in
the amoiuit of $5. It says on its face "Tax,"' and I note that it was
deposited, accordmg to the check itself, at the Security Bank &
Trust Co. after being endorsed by James R. Jones, and the deposit
slips accompanying the committee subpena from the bank reflect the
deposit of this check.

(Document handed to witness.)

The Chairman. Are you referring now^ to the account in the name
of Mr. and Mrs. Jones ?

Mr. Appell. Yes ; I am, sir.

Mr, Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Check marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 9" follows:)

James Jones Exhibit No. 9

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1729

Mr, Appell. Mr. Chairman, Ave have many accounts of the Klans
in North Carolina, all of which consistently reflect that the money
paid to Mr. Jones in tax either ^oes into the account of Mr. and Mrs.
Jones or else they are cashed by Mr, Jones in various and sundry
places, and I -would assume that no bookkeeping record is kept,

Mr, Chairman, with respect to the account of Mr, and Mrs. Jones,
an analysis of this account shows that the account was oj)ened in

The Chairman, Do you have the analysis?

Mr, Appell. Yes, sir; I have the analysis, and I am going to deal
with it right now.

Mr, Chairman, the analysis of the account of Mr. and Mrs. Jones,
as reflected by the ledger cards submitted to the committee in
response

The Chairman. That is in just one account ?

Mr, Appell. Just one account, sir, shows that the account was
opened on January 1, 1961, and that there was deposited to this ac-
count during the entire year of 1-1-61 to 10-31-61 a total of $87.50.

The Chairman. How much ?

Mr, Appell. $87,50, During the year 1-1-62 to 12-31-62 there
was deposited into that account during the entire year a total of $98.

Checks written against that account in that year totaled $97,39, and
the balance at the end of the year 1962 was $6.53.

Durmg the year January 1, 1963, to 12-31-1963 there was deposited
to that account a total of $162, There was disbursed or checks written
against the account for $165.83, leaving a balance at the end of 1963
,^ of $2.70,

It is the committee's information that Mr, Jones became Grand
Dragon in August of 1963 and that during the year 1964 there was
deposited to that account $1,745,85, During the year 1965, from
January 8, 1965, through September 3, 1965, tTierc has been deposited
to that account $4,216,20,

The Chairman, That makes a total of what? Do you have the
ready figure? If not, the record will speak for itself.

Mr. Appell. Of all three accounts, sir ?

The Chairman. Are you talking about three accounts or 3 or 4
years?

Mr. Appell. We have only totaled the years from January 1, 1964,
through 12-31-64, and Januai-y 1, 1965, through 8-14-65. The
figure shows that the total deposits in 1964 were $1,745.85; total de-
posits in 1965 were $4,216.20. That, roughly, Mr. Chairman, is
$5,962,05 over that 2-year period.

The Chairman. I suppose you will develop it, but let me ask you
this general question, comisel :

Let me ask it of you first, Mr. Jones.

Mr. Jones, you heard these deposits in the joint account of you
and your wife. My question is: Is it correct that these funds came
from Klan sources ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

(Bank records marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 10" and retained
in committee files.)

The Chairman. What were they disbursed for? Were they dis-
bursed for Klan purposes or for your individual use?

1730 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

The Chairman-. I wish you would consider that, Mr. Appell, but
we have to leave because there is a record vote going on a very im-
portant bill. You can make an obsem-ation, but we will have to recess
until tomorrow.

Mr. Appell. The observation that I would like to make, Mr. Chair-
man, is that if we took the money that the committee found to have
been deposited during the fiscal year 1965, and we deal only with the
fiscal year 1965, deposited into the Alabama Rescue Service
account

The Chairman. Are you talking about another account now?

Mr. Appell. I want to tie that of Mr. Shelton's account in the
Alabama Rescue Service into what we have found in the fiscal year
deposited in Mr. Jones' account, Mr. Shelton

The Chairman. This is Mr. Jones.

Mr. Appell. Yes, but Mr. Shelton, if he had reported all income
from all Klan sources and if he had just included the income into
North Carolina with the income that went into his organization in
Tuscaloosa, he would have reported on the basis of what we have
discovered, and only on the Imperial and State level, $32,845.20.

The Chairman. That is Mr. Shelton ?

Mr. Appell. Who claims he was reporting income from all sources
in his corporate return filed with the Treasury Department.

The Chairman. And I suppose you will have much more to say
about other bank aceomits.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir, as this liearing proceeds, we will.

The Chairman. The committee will have to stand in recess until
10 o'clock tomorrow morning.

(Subcommittee members present at time of recess: Representatives
Willis, Pool, Weltner, Ashbrook, and Buchanan.)

(Whereupon, at 4:24 p.m., Wednesday, October 20, 1965, the sub-
committee recessed, to reconvene at 10 a.m., Thursday, October 21,
1965.)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN ORGANIZATIONS IN

THE UNITED STATES

Part 1

THURSDAY, OCTOBER 21, 1965

United States House of Representatives,

Subcommittee of the

CoMariTTEE ON Un-AmERICAN ACTIVITIES,

Washington^ D.C.

rUBLIC HEARINGS

The subcommittee of the Committee on Un-American Activities
met, pursuant to recess, at 10 :15 a.m. in the Caucus Room, Cannon
House Office Building, Washington, D.C, Hon. Echvin E. Willis
(chairman) presiding.

(Subcommittee members: Representatives Edwin E. Willis, of
Louisiana, chairman; Joe R. Pool, of Texas; Charles L. Weltner, of
Georgia; John M. Ashbrook, of Ohio; and John H. Buchanan, Jr.,
of Alabama.)

Subcommittee members present : Representatives Willis, Weltner,
and Buchanan.

Committee members also present: Representatives Richard H.
Ichord, of Missouri, and George F. Senner, Jr., of Arizona.

Staff mmbers present: Francis J. McNamara, director; William
Hitz, general counsel ; Alfred M. Nittle, counsel ; Donald T. Appell,
chief investigator; and Philip R. Manuel, investigator.

The CiiAiRiMAN. The subcommittee will please come to order.

There are enough seats for everybody. Please be seated. We wel-
come you. I again thank the audience for their fine cooperation.

Call your first witness, Mr. Appell.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to recall to the stand Mr.
James R. Jones.

The Chairman. The photographers will desist.

Proceed.

TESTIMONY OF JAMES ROBERTSON JONES, ACCOMPANIED BY
COUNSEL, LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.— Resumed

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, yesterday you were asked to give the com-
mittee the benefit of your employment background. Is it not a fact
that since 1960 you have not had what could be considered regular
employment with any employer ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me

1731

1732 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

in violation of my rights as guaranteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that your gross income for 1960 was
$3,872.98 ?

Mr. JoxES. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that your gross income in 1961 was
$1,630.75?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that your gross income for 1962 was
$3,579?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that your gross income for 1963 was
$2,766.35 ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, in reporting a gross income in 1963 of
$2,766.35

The Chairman. Do you mean on his income tax return?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir. — you reduced that income so that you came
out on your tax return losing $113.65 for the year. You deducted as
an item of expense 30,000 miles of travel in your automobile at 9 cents
a mile, or $2,700. How much of that 30,000 miles was traveled by you
as an official of the United Klans of America ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that in your 1964 income tax you re-
ported a gross income from only one employer, the United Klans of
America, in the amount of $8,923.05 ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer tlmt question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. What year was that ?

Mr. Appell. 1964, Mr. Chairman.

(At this point Representative Ashbrook entered the hearing room.)

Mr. Appell. The gross income was $8,923.05, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. Jones, as deductions from that gross income, did you not
deduct items which you were paid for from the bank accounts of the
United Klans of America ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(At this point Representative Pool entered the hearing room.)

The Chairman. Was the reported income of $8,923 a true and
correct gross income you received for 1964 from all sources ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1733

Mr. Appell. Mr. Cliairinan, the staff would like to introduce as
exhibits at this time — and, Mr. Chairman, with your permission, I
would like to ask that all docmnents exhibited during the testimony of
Mr. Jones be admitted in evidence in the sequence n\ which they are
offered in order that I not ask on each individual occasion.

The Chairman. That leaves a loophole as to the order in which
they are offered. Offer them in each instance. Wliy don't you say
'*as referred to" ?

Mr. Appell. As referred to, sir.

Mr. AsHBROOK. Mr. Chairman, could I ask a question ?

The Chairman. Mr. Ashbrook?

Mr. Ashbrook. The question up to now, Mr. Jones, was in regard
to your return. The legislative pertinence and purpose deals with
whether, in fact, you have received any money, expense money, as a
Klan leader or a member of a Klan.

Have you, in fact, received expense money for the duties that you
have as a Klan leader in your State ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. I might point out that the income tax return itself
indicates that the total earnings or income reported was derived from
the United Klans of America.

Did you not say that, Mr. Appell ?

Mr. Appell. The form itself Mr. Chairman, is an attachment to the
return. It is entitled "Profit (Or Loss) From Business Or Profes-
sion.'' The first line states "James E. Jones." The second line, "A,"
states: "Principal business activity: United Klans of America; prod-
uct, Service." Gross income, $8,923.05.

Mr. Jones reduces this in order to pay tax on a net income of
$1,991.55 as follows: Robes, $531.51; Interest, $112.31; Telephone
(toll calls) , $484.05 ; Electronic Repairs, $314.98 ; Printing Literature,
$2,941.77; Auto Expense, Gas, Oil, Repairs et cetera, $1,851.28;
Depreciation, a 1964 truck which, incidentally, Mr. Chairman, we
showed yesterday was paid from the United Klans of America bank
account at Granite Quarry, North Carolina, depreciation, 1964
International truck, purchased 9-1-64, cost $2,030, 3 years expect-
ancy, $215.60; Expense, Lodging Away From Home, $480, or a total
expense, the great bulk of which is paid from accounts in the name of
the United Klans of America, in the amount of $6,931.50.

The Chairman. The question now, Mr, Jones, is this, and it may
be repetitious but it will be final : Is it not a fact that some, most, and
practically all of these deductions that you claimed from your reported
income you had already received from the United Klans of America or
from some of your Klaverns ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Income Tax Returns for Years 1960-1964, inclusive, marked
"James Jones Exhibits Nos. 11-A through 11-E," respectively, and
retained in committee files.)

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Chairman, may I state to you, sir, and to the
committee, that that is exactly the reason we did not bring any income
tax returns up here, because Ave were well aware that those income tax

1734 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IX THE U.S.

returns were available to the committee from another source and we
knew that those income tax returns

The Chairman. I am surprised at that coming from you, sir.

Let me see that subpena.

That is for the birds and that is for the press.

I ask your client or you. Do you say that we had the information
called for in any more items that you know of ?

Mr. Chalmers. No, sir, Mr. Chairman ; I am not saying that. No,
sir.

The Chairman. And you refuse, or your client refused, to produce
all of the items listed in the attachment to the subpena based on alleged
self-incrimination, which were rejected. Do 3-ou contend that all
of the items called for would be self -incriminating?

Mr. Chalmers. I cannot stipulate to that, sir.

The Chairman. I will ask him.

Is it your contention that you refuse to produce the items, the page
of them, called for by the attachment to the subpena because it would
incriminate you if you produced them?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question on the
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Of course, if you wish to be selective about it, you
may not.

Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, yesterday we went into your account or the
account in the name of the United Klans of America maintamed by
the Wachovia Bank which showed considerable deposits starting with
May 13, 1965.

In July, or toward the end of July of 1965, did you say to the Klans-
men throughout North Carolina in a communication by you, and I
quote :

Money coming in for people on the road is slow. The payroll for the Klan
employees is $600.00 per week, so in order to keep these people at work, we are
going to have to have more support.

Please make payroll checks sent in, payable to United Klans of America,
Wachovia Account or si^ecial account.

Isn't it a fact that between May 13th and June 28th you had placed
into that account $5,046.55, had paid out only $750, and you are tell-
ing your membership that money is coming in slow ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 12" and retained in
committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, I have in my hand a document, on the sta-
tionery of the United Klans of America

Mr. Pool. On that last question you asked, what was your authority
for that last statement ?

Mr. Appell. A statement by Mr. Jones sent out to Klavems
throughout the State of North Carolina.

Mr. Pool. Was that mailed to them ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

Mr. Pool. Do you have copies of it ?

Mr. Appell. We have excerpts, sir.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1735

The CiiAiRMAx. I suppose that will be offered in evidence.

Mr. ArrELL. Yes, sir.

Mr. Jones, we have a document on the letterhead of the "United
Klans of America, Inc., Kniglits of the Klu Klux Klan, P.O. Box 84,
'Wliitnel, N.C.'- This is a form letter addressed "Dear Sir" :

It has been brought to our attention that vou are a sound believer in the
•RIGHTS FOR THE WHITES".

We know that you avouIcI like to become a member of your local Klan, but
due to your business or other reasons you cannot afford to. This is why we are
writing you this letter of top secret.

We would like you to know that you can help fight for the freedom of all
whites just as hundreds of others are doing, by making a donation to your local
Klu Klux Klan unit. Your donation will be used to help make our community
a better place to live.

Your donation will be of top secret and will not be revealed to anyone.

So whether making a donation or not, please place this letter in the enclosed
self -addressed stamped envelope and mail today.

Thanking you for your donation and cooperation.

Please make your check payable [as this one says] to : Caldwell Improvement
Assn. Thank you.

K K K K

Mr. Jones, were form letters similar to this sent to businessmen and
other people throughout the State of North Carolina?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 13."" See p. 1736.)

The Chairman. Mr. AppeD, I happen to have in my office, and I
don't know if you have it, a circular by, I think, the United Klans, al-
though I will have to verify it, or perhaps it is Shelton's, indicating
in plain print on the circular a similar appeal to this one, to the effect
that donations would be income tax deductible. I notice in this
particular one that is not included.

Mr. Appell. No, sir; it is not. It is the committee's information
that back in 1961 Calvin Craig, the Grand Dragon

The Chairman. That is the one I am talking about.

Mr, Appell. — Calvin Craig, the Grand Dragon of North Carolina,
put out a circular in which he put on the bottom that it was tax exempt.
He was advised by the Internal Revenue that it was not a tax exempt
organization.

Mr. Shelton, through counsel, requested the Internal Revenue
Service to forward him copies of the necessary forms in which an
organization could be declared tax exempt, and he never executed the
forms and the United Klans of America, Knights of the Ku Klux
Klan, or under the name of the Invisible Empire, United Klans,
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., have never been
granted tax exempt status by the United States Govermnent.

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Chairman, the record ought to show that Calvin
Craig is the Grand Dragon of Georgia, not of North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. I am sorry, sir.

The Chairman. That is the document I have reference to.

As I say, though, to make the record straight, this letter, at least,
does not make that claim.

Mr. Appell. It does not, Mr. Chairman.

1736 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 1 3

United Klans ot America, Inc.

Knights of the Hlu Klux Klan

P O. B )X 84
WHITNf.L ti C

Dear Sir:

It has been brought to our attention that you are a
sound believer in the "RIGHTS FOR THE VfHITES".

We know that you would like to become a member of
your local Klan, but due to your business or other
reasons you cannot afford to. This is why we are
writing you this letter of top secret.

We would like you to know that you can help fight
for the freedom of al] whites just as hundreds of
others are doing, by making a donation to your
local Kiu Klux KLan uriit. Your donation will be
us*»f:l to help make our community a better place to
live.

Your donation will be of top secret and will not
be revealed to anyone.

So whether making a donation or not, please place
this letter in the enclosed self -addressed stamped
envelope and mail today.

Thanking you for your donation -ind cooperation.

/lease make your check payable to:

Caldwell Improvement Assn. Jf J,

Thdink you.
K K K K

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1737

Mr. Chairman, I would like to have received in the record at this
point, and I do not intend to go into the items, these documents. The
staff has throwaways or leaflets announcing Klan rallies in the State
of North Carolina starting Sunday, April 4, 1965, and running through
one they expect to have this Saturday, October 23, at Supply, North
Carolina.

The CuAiRMAx. Let me see one.

Mr. ArPELL. Yes, sir. There is a total of G7 of these, all of which,
of course, except the ones they haven't held, they have passed the plate
at, they have sought donations of money. I would like to ask that
these circulators be accepted into the record at this point in the order
of their date.

The Chairman, It will be so ordered, and the document previously
referred to, specifically, the letter just read, will be inserted into the
record at the point where Mr. Apj^ell described it.

(Docmnents marked "James Jones Exhibits Nos. llr-l through
14-67," respectively, and retained in committee files.)

Mr. ArPELL. The committee subpenaed from the Suburban Printing-
Company, Lexington, North Carolina, invoices of printing work done
by them during the years 1964 and 1965.

The Chairman. It is a fact, is it not, Mr. Jones, that these throw-
aways or leaflets were widely distributed in large numbers, in thou-
sands ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. One of the invoices submitted to the committee in ac-
cordance w4th this subpena is an invoice

The Chairman. What subpena?

Mr. Appell, A subpena on the Suburban Printing Company of Lex-
ington, North Carolina. — is dated October 8, 1965, billed to James E.
Jones, Box 321, Granite Quarry, North Carolina. It shows that the
order number was No. 527.

The Chairman. You don't have to describe it in great detail.

Mr. Appell. It calls for 10,000 copies of "Widows Benevolent Fund
Applications" at a cost of $115.36.

Mr. Jones, who is the custodian of the Widows Benevolent Fund ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 15-A.")

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask that this form of
application printed for Mr. Jones by the Suburban Printing Company
be entered into the record as this point, and I would like to read from it.
It is to be signed by the applicant. It says :

I, hereby, agree tliat to benefit from this plan I must stay in good standing
within my own unit and must pay promptly the $1.00 assessment fee in case of
death of any member. I, hereby, agree that in case of my leaving the unit for
any reason that I will forfeit any and all benefits and monies I may have paid in.

Under the "NAME of UNIT," there is an amount of $999.95.

Is that the amount that would be paid to the widow or beneficiaries
of a deceased Klansman in case of death out of this fund ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 15-B." Exhibits
15-A and 15-B follow:)

1738

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1739

James Jones Exhibit No. 15-B

APPLICATION TO Ut^outii iHruruulrut 3Funb

NAME.

DATE of BIRTH

ADDRESS.

NAME of UNIT_

AMOUNT $999.95

Beneficiary.

Relationship.

I, hereby, agree that to benefit from this plan I must stay in good
standing within my own unit and must pay promptly the $1.00
assessment fee rn case of death of any member. I, hereby, agr'ee
that in case of my leaving the unit for any reason that I will
forfeit any and all benefits and monies I may have paid in.

OK BY L..._

AGENT

SIGNATURE of APPLICANT

DATE of APPLICATION

UNIT NO.

The Chairmax. That, I take it, is sort of an insurance policy for the
"vvidow of a Klansman who dies ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairmax. And this monthly dues of $1.00 is strictly an insur-
ance pajnnent and not, of course, the regular dues as a Klansman or for
other paraphernalia they have to buy ?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, it is not a dollar a month as I read the
application. In the case of the death of a Klansman, every member
of the Klan who signs up in the Widows Benevolent Fund will be
assessed a dollar, and a sum will then be paid to the widow or bene-
ficiary.

I do not know the significance of the amount of $999.95 that appears
on this application. I was in hopes that Mr. Jones who ordered this
printing and who is apparently the author of the plan would advise
the committee of it and advise the committee as to whether or not he

1740 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

had discussed this matter under the North Carolina State insurance
laws.

The Chairman. Let me ask you this question : I happen to know
from personal knowledge of a plan somewhat, I gather, along these
lines, that the peoj^le who pay in and subsequently no longer belong to
the organization must forfeit what Avas previously paid. That is
number one.

Number two, I accept this statement that in case of death the widow,
if her husband was still in good standing and had not forfeited, would
receive $999.95. But the hitch is that there are usually many more
members than are needed to get $999.95, so there is a huge profit on the
side and the net result is that the more who die the more money they
make.

I am not saying that is the plan, but I will ask you if that is sub-
stantially the plan, Mr. Jones.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer tliat question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, did a

The Chairman. Wait a moment. What is the name? Is that a
corporate entity ?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, our only knowledge of this comes from
the subpena on the Suburban Printing Company.

The Chairman. A\niat is the name of it ?

Mr. Appell. Widows Benevolent Fund.

The Chairman. Is there a corporation by that name, Mr. Jones?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. "Wliether it is a corporation or an entity in the form
of a partnership, in which case a memorandum return would have to
be made, a return by that Widows Benevolent Fund — an income tax
return — I would judge would have to be filed. Do you know whether
an income tax return has been regularly filed by the Widows Benevo-
lent Fund?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, in December of 196-1:, or late November 1964,
did you, together with a few of your top leaders, decide that it would
be a good idea to coerce the Klan leadership into presenting you with
a 1964 Cadillac?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Did you receive and accept that (^idillac ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, with respect to the Cadillac, I would
like to enter into the record at this point a document obtained through
subpena from the Farmers & Merchants Bank, which is a note signed
by James Robertson Jones in the amount of $5,868, calling for payment
at the rate of $163 a month for a 1964 Cadillac, serial number
64G074473, including radio, heater, spare tire, wheel, and all other
accessories. "Witness my hand * * * the 15 day of December, 1964,
James Robertson Jones."

The Chairman. Ask him if he signed it.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1741

Mr. ArrELL. I show you this document, Mr. Jones, and ask you if
you did sign that note?

(Document, handed to witness.)

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 16.")

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, after the decision was made by your leader-
ship to buy you this 1964 Cadillac, were Klans assessed sums of money
for the purpose of paying off the note which you signed?

Mr. JoxES. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the ledger sheet supplied by the Gran-
ite Quarry Banl?: [Farmers & Merchants Bank], showing the pay-
ments made, shows that between January 26, 1965, and September 29,
1965, there had been paid off on this automobile — w^ell, the balance
owed had been reduced to $898.10.

The Chairman. Have any payments been made since September?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 17." Exhibits Nos.
16 and 17 appear on pp. 1742, 1743-1744.)

Mr. Pool. What was that total ?

Mr. Appell. The balance on September 29 owed on the car was
$898.10.

Mr. Jones, isn't it a fact that Mr. Kornegay made a report to the
membership as the chaimian of the car committee in which he claimed
that :

Listed below are the latest amounts paid on Cadillac :

Xorlina 185.00, Raleigh 175.00. Clinton 175.00, Enfield 175.00, Farmville 175.00.
New Bern 175.00, Henderson 175.00, Dunn 175.00, Louisburg 175.00, Goldsboro
172.35, Jones County 150.00, Seven Springs 150.00, Blounts Creek 150.00, Wash-
ington 150.00, Wilson 1,50.(K), Kinston 1,50.00, Ayden 150.00, La Grange 150.00,
Deep Run 150.00, Pleasant Hill 150.00, Benlaville 150.00, Durham 128.00, Wil-
liamston 125.00, Tarboro 100.00, Rocky Mt. 100.00. Cherryville 90.00, Biscoe
00.00, Greensboro 59.00, Lexington 50.00, Sophia .50.00, Nashville .50.00

The Chairman. Nashville, North Carolina ?
Mr. Appell. Yes, sir. [Continues reading:]

Burlington 45.00, Salisbury 42.00, Pittsboro 40.00, Sanford 26.00, Greenville
25.00, High Point 25.00, Atkinson 25.24, Roanoke Rapids 20.00, Wilmington
18.00, LADIES UNITS Wilmington 25.00, Salisbury 20.00, Raleigh 17.00, and
Louisburg 15.00.
Total sent in $4,522.59, total paid out .$4,522.59. Balance owed on car $1,286.62.

This is signed "M. E. Kornegay, Chairman Car Committee."

"P.S. Please do not send the balance of your obligation on car to
me, but to above party," referred to in the first paragraph as "Mrs.
James R. Jones, P.O. Box 321, Granite Quarry."

I show you this document addressed to "Esteemed Klansmen" and
ask you if this is a factual copy of a document sent out by Mr.
Kornegay ?

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 18-A" appears on
p. 1746.)

The Chairman. Mr. Jones, I take it that these payments were re-

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1 15

1742

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 16

NOTE

S 5868. OU

I (We), James Robertson Jones

No.

FARMERS & MERCHANTS BANK

Granite Quarry, N. C, December 15, 1964

, of the County of

Rowan

Stale of North Cd'olma, am (are), lomfly and severally, as principal(s\ indebted *o and promise to pay To The FARMERS

'IVE THOUSAVD EIGHT HUiiDRED

& MERCHANT'. BANK. Granite Quarry. N C. or order, the s;)m of SIXTY EIGHT & WO/100

Dollar-,, payable .■-. 3 6

^'^^^ ^^y of Ja""'»'-y

ms'ellments of S 163,00

Dollars, the first payment to be on the
163 . 00

, and 3 s'm.il-r payment of $

parh mon*b

]J'.'., pT,'.'t?iC r inr

Gr^'i'te Quarry N C

In the event the maker(s) hereof shall fai! to pay any installment hereof, either of principal or interest, when the same
shall become due and payable, then and in that event, the full amount thereof shall imtTiediately become due and payable.

This note is secured by a Chattel Mortgage of even date herewith upon the following described personal property to

wit.

1964 Cadillac, S#64G074473 Including radio, heater,
spare tire, wheel, and all other accessories.

N'o lr«nif«r. •9newt<. ei*«nticn O' aiiignment of (hit r>ol« or Any inleicil l^vrunder. ur ton, '"ji^ry or def uctioo cf laid properly ih«ll relcsift th« rrckar^t]
hereof frcn hli .t'le-rj ob)tg«l<on !*•'«. "'ef.

In the event maker's) def«. •'•(») on any pcvmeni due or* ihii noie or fail!i) f? dnmcty w>th any condition of thii confact or a proceeHing in bank'uD'Cv. receiwr-
I'lin c If*. ' . e"! V '^ .""v-'i-eri -i.uMi' -'c "nfce'i' or h» Uhei' . pr ci cty, o' , isyce de»r"t the c'0\.Kr^y f danger of »" tui» or eonfiiCdttor*. the full emoyni ihall b*
tmmed.Ate'y Hue »• ' oaya'^le. ih« payee « ac. enta'ice. after ihe full amount may Ka<e beconi" immed'a'e'y due ai d rsyt'j'e «i he'C'nhef^'e prcvded. of any imtaMmenl
or ^aymeoi ihall •■ - : m deemed to alicr c afeci the maker il obligation and/or the payee'* r.ghri hereunder with reuiec* to any tubiequcni paymAriti or dafeult lh*r*<r\.

Make-.j; i*iill keeo S^H p'Ope 'y f*C« of all ta>e», l>en» end encumbf^r^cej; i^r.!l nai uie same •Megally. im^-rocerly or f.u hrre; jlia'l not 'emowe tame f'om lh«
Itjie w.tS.u; iip'(n*r.tiii rf th- uavc? of !'■■» no'e, ihall not tranifer any inicreit i> iK.j not* c laid proceriy, Ar.y »um of m^jney po'd by the payee -n payment or
diicl'4'(iB 3f tMet. hem a,<d enrumbrarcet en la'd property ihall be lecu'ed by and under thu n&'e The pr.reedt c! ar^v mturance. whether paid by reaion of loei,
lOiw'y- return rre>n-um or olherwue, »''«li be e.^,.'>ed toward the reclace-nent cf the property tr payment of Ihi obligation, at th« opt-on of paye*. Payee may mauf*
la.d p'op«r>v ag.iiFitt fire and theft, or any accidental phyncal damage to the car t^ pre tec' maker, p^yee or payee'i aitignea. Makarjt) agree. . . . lo pay the premtum
up^ii demand and tha* en Ij.u'e to do lo, payment of ij.d premiumt tHail be lecu-ed by 'hii note

Time ,a cl trie eiien.c jf lhi\ rcte, arj f mafaer.'il default in complying v. * iSp le- i»i i-- » • .• ,:*w.w r-.tcm- th^ pr^rertv i" da o-r cf m »uie or cor^fiica-

IiO' , p.iree or any ine- f c nr'^er offtcc's of the la^ m»v take immediate ponen'O-" of **.^' p'oce'iy wiihcy^ dcr^and Ipoiieiicn jfte' dufajli b^ir'g u«'awful). irie'wding
•nv e^uipnte'iT or n.-.eii .'Ci tt^ercto; ard 'or ihiS rurpote payee may en'er up;n the nre-Tmei w' e'e sn.d properly m«y be and remove lame. Such '•;;oiie»<ort tKall noi
af*«ct ( ave# > nqh* Ke'eL'v rorfirmed, ■> retain a'l p*'""*'"'* rnade p'cr there"^ by the maker i hie nder. Payee may roiell aeid prope'ty, to ■etaCen, at public Of

• . ■ ■-...'• J t . .e* 1- •

payee s^a^i ueJuCt • e'..er.tci lor reta».>-<g, re..« r.ng and tell'ng luch property, n ortin^ a reaaanahlo attorney t tee [he ba:ance t»i*reof ihall be appi.ed 'O emowrtt
ajii any lurplut f>>all i^ naid over to makt'^t'; m cate of deficiency make'(i) ihall pav the lame w.ih .nterett Payee may t«ke pcttaiiiort of any other property in th*
aSove described m-Lior ^ch.cle at lime ol repoiietston, whertver luch olher property may be ''lerem, ar^d hold fame temporarily for make'ii] without llebthty on the p«r1
of payee

Pay»e thai! >>«vp the r.ght to enforce one or more remediet hereunder. luccettiveV or concurrently. AAake'ft) hereby weisre. . . . the right to remove «ny legel ecticn
from the courr ori^.na ly acnu ring lur id ction and waive. . , al' homeitead end ot'^c prore'ty eiempiion lawt Any provision of thit note prohibited by lew of any
■fate ihali as to ta<d I'a e be ineffective to the e>>ent of luch prohibition wi'hout m ..tiiit^rmr; the remaini-ig provmont ol the note.

Witness my (our) hand(5) and seal(s). this the

1 5

day of
Address:

Der ember

19 64

J'r?C^vcJ-tV-^-«-^ (SEAL)

Address

(SEAL)

Witness

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1743

James Jones Exhibit No. 1 7

— jaffles Robertson Jones

DEALER En'd^ORSE'' OR Clji, LATERAL K IF ENDORSER)

I 5 5 TS

DLR NO I DUE DATE-LOAN NO ^ '-' ' '-'

DATE OF NOTE T AMOUNT OF NOtT

12-15-641 $5868. 00

MAKER* S-V£ iND ADDnFt":.

Box 221, Granite Quarry, N. C
'64 Cadillac

AMO'. ■»' ■" •■■■'■■•.■ t n T HO

DATE PURCHASED

-BACK I AMOUNT TO DEALER

j 12-15-67

N ORU I CASH OEl D PRICE CASH uNf^-iH S AL DO V\r N »^ A'> M TN T

j DISC OEC

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DATE

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1744 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 1 7 — Continued

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1745

mitted by the exalted cyclops, the heads of these various Klaverns; am
I correct?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. It is my understanding that all of the Klaverns
have, just like your higher unit, some sort of rules, constitution, and
bylaws, requiring that expenditures be approved by someone.

Do you know whether these exalted cyclops just took it upon them-
selves, with your committee group, to make these payments, or whether
they were approved by the general membership of these various
Klaverns ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Do you know whether the general membership has
ever known anything about this transaction ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, this letter from wliich I have just read,
addressed to the "Esteemed Klansmen," accompanied a letter ad-
dressed to the "Esteemed Klansmen" signed by Mr. James R. Jones as
the Grand Dragon, North Carolina.

He says, and I quote from just one or two paragraphs, although I
ask that the entire document and the one previous be placed in the
record at this point, "Mr. M. R. Koniegay"

The Chairman. Mr. Appell, you will have to have a general pattern.
It will be confusing if you offer some. All those you talk about will
be received in evidence as you describe them. Either that or you will
have to offer each one.

Mr. Appell. I prefer your previous suggestion.

I will quote from two paragraphs of the letter which accompanied
the Kornegay letter w^hich I just read. This is signed by James R.
Jones, Grand Dragon, North Carolina :

Mr. M. R. Kornegay is no longer with us. He is now Grand Dragon of Vir-
ginia, being Grand Dragon of Virginis fsicl he lias all the problems he can
handle.

It was a pleasure having him in the State of North Carolina but please refrain
from bothering him with North Carolina problems.

Money on the car from now on will be made out to Mrs. James R. Jones and
sent to the State OflBce. Enclosed you will find a letter .showing the amount
each unit has sent in, if this is not right please let me know.

As soon as time permits I will send out the letter on the State meeting. If I
can be of any help don't hesitate to call.

Yours for God & Country.

/s/ James R. Jones.

And following this is a note : "P.S. Syble" — and this is the name of
Mr. Jones' wife

The Chairman. I don't think you ought to question him about her.

Mr. Appell. Following the "P.S." which I will not go into on your
instruction, Mr. Chairman, there is a listing of dates to remember :
September 8, Henderson, and there is an additional listing of locations
and dates where rallies are to be held.

Mr. Chainnan, these "Esteemed Klansmen" letters are not dated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 18-B" appears on
p. 1747.)

1746 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 18-A
EsCeeocd Klansoen:

I would like to convey to you my sincere approication for tlio \.ork Mid qoney
put into this endeavor for your Grand Dra,->.on. Please look at your jnit and
Che amount paid and if it is not up to what you know is your fair share, please
send in the balance. Send all money for Cadillac to: Mrs. James R. Jones,
P. 0. Box 321, Granite Quarry.

Also, I would like to take this opportunity to soy that I have tn^ly enjoyed
meeting with you and bein^ a part ct thi.; fine organization. I Icnov that
with the type of Klanspeoplo v;e have here tliat North Carolina will certainly
go forward on this hard road back to a threat America. Hay you forever ^ive
your leaders your unwavering loyalty and full support, so they tray do a
better job.

H.\NG TOGETHER OR HANG AWW.

A stage driver passed o'er a trail one day
Past meadov; and woodland he took his way
His Ions whip snapping with unerring aim,
whether standing or moving, "twas just the same.

A horsefly fell to his i.naky lash

Shot out as sure as the lightning's flash;
A grasshopper here, a butterfly there.
Pell to his aim, as they winded the air.
A hornet's nest hung on a limb nearby, -
But the driver passed that carefully by.
"How come?" the passengers cried surprised.
"Why", answered he, "they're organizedl"

Horsefly, butterfly, grcss'iopper , too

Their fate is a lesson and warning to yo'j,

You will flutter and fall like the hoppers nnd flies.

Unless, like the hornets, you're organizedl

Listed below are the latest amounts paid on Cadillac:

Norlina 185.00, RaiAigh 175.00, G14i»«on 175.00, B«fleld 175.00, ForBviUe
175.00, Itow aern 175.00, Itonilereow 175.00, Qutm 475.00, i^ttlaburg 175.00,
Coia&boro 172.35, laoau Co. 150.00, Seven Sprin-.s 150. OC, B^aCs Creek
150.00, Washii»fltoh 150.00, «44*»n 150.00, Klixstoo 150.00, Uydaa 150.00,
LaGoange 150.00, Deep Run 150.00, Pleasant Hill 150.00, Be«lavtllc 130.00,
Duxbau-. 126.00, WilHs—wni 125.00, tarboro 100.00, nmaltj Til . 100.00,
ehcpryvilU 90,00, »i«et>« 60.00, Xceansboro 59.00, lnyt«B>wn 50.00, Sophia
50.00, Nashville 50.00, .&uclUigt«a A3. 00, ^^AlteWry 42.00, MlxaWco 40.00.
Sanfrnrd 26.00, Cro«n<riUe 25.00, Uigh Point 25.00, Atki«soa 25.24, RoMoke
Rapids 20.00. UilAingtoA W.OO, (LADIKS UNITS) Wilmington 25.00, Salisbury
20.00, Raleigh 17.00, and Loulsburg 15.00.

Total sent in $ 4,522.59, total paid out $ 4,522.59. Balance owed on car
$ 1,286.62.

M. R. Kornegay
Chairman Car Comniittec

P. S. Please do not send Che balance of your obligation on car Co ae, but
Co above parCy.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1747

James Jones Exhibit No. 18-B

Esteemed Klansmen,

I would like to take this opportjnity l tlunk you for i '.ic- f ^;i ci'oper.-'t ii>t»

we have had in July and August and ho|o to ,;et the sane cooper^it ma at the

rallys in September and October. The next 90 days In North Carolm.i may prove

to be rough, so let mo ask you to conduct yourself as the fine people I '
know you are.

The first Sunday in October for the people in the Second Congressional
District at 3 P. M. in Enfield, K. C. ovci- lIio Fire Departutnt th.-rc will
be a Province meeting to elect now Province officers in t he Soci nd
Congressional District. All units aro expected to Iiavc (10) ten ncn fnm
each unit present as voting delegates.

The second Sunday in October, 3rd Congressional District will be cxpecccil to
have tlie same amount of dcle^^atcs at the Klavern Hall in Dunn to eloct r.i-v
Province Officers and Titan widows benevoKnt fund application f ortps . Ii
you need them write the State office. We want to j^et thorn in as :.oon as
possible. They must be in by October 15tli t it will not be ,ible to be put
in effect.

Mr. K. R. Kornegay is no longer with os. He is now Grand Dra^^on of Virginia,
being Grand Dragon of Virginia he has all tlie problems ho can handle.

It was a pleasure having him in the State of North Carolina but please
refrain from bothering him with tJorth Carolina problems.

Money on the car from now on will be made out to Mrs. James R. Jones and
sent to the State Office, Enclosed you will find a letter showing the
amount each unit has sent in, if this i3 not right please let mc know.

As soon as time permits I will send out the letter on the State meeting.
If I can be of any help don't hesitate to call.

Yours for God 6« Country

^amcs R. Jones
Grand Dragon
North Carolina

P. S. Syble said to ask each of you to get on the ball and send in the
stamps. We have about 400 books at present. This is still a
long way from 2,000. Thanks.

DATES TO REMEMBER:

Septctr.bcr 8

Henderson

Washington

Pamlico Coynty

Cove City

Swan Quarter

Winston

Hems tea d

Supply

Apex

Raleigh

September 27, 28, 29 and 30 and October 1

9 -

Franklin County

11-

Will lams ton

13 -

Plymouth

15 -

Aurora

17 -

Durham

19 -

Boiling Springs

21 -

l>nniteville

23 -

Wi Imington

25 -

Clayton

tobcr

1 - Mountains

Rally dates to follow.

1748 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairman. Does this letter purport to have been sent to the
general membership or to the exalted cyclops of the Klavenis ? I want
the record to be straight on that. I didn't mean to be putting words in
his mouth when I asked a question. I want information.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, only Mr. Jones can answer to the full
extent of the distribution of the "Esteemed Klansmen" letter.

The Chairman. I asked him. Well, the document will speak for
itself.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir. The point I wish to make is that giving no-
tice to the membership of a rally to be held on September 8th, this
document had to be mailed prior to September 8th and, therefore, Mr.
Komegay's report that $4,522.59 had been sent in and the total paid
out was $4,522.59 does not jibe with the statement of payments as re-
ceived by us from the bank.

If we total up the amounts paid and the dates upon which they were
paid, there was only $3,914.90 paid into this fund prior to September 1
of 1965.

The Chairman. I will ask this direct question : Mr. Jones, did you
pocket or keep or use personally these car payments, which obviously
had been agreed upon, instead of applying them all to your note?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(At this point Mr. Buchanan left the hearing room.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, I ask you as a fact if you also own a 1964
Dodge station wagon?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the Department of Motor Vehicles of
the State of North Carolina, Raleigh, North Carolina, in response to
an inquii-y made of them, has sent us a letter.

I would like to read two paragraphs :

License DR-619ij was issued to James Robertson Jones, Granite Quarry, North
Carolina covering 1964 Dodge Station Wagon, serial 7542584426. Mr. Jones
purchased this vehicle new from Ray Bandy, Inc., of Rocky Mount, North Caro-
lina. North Carolina title 6413226 was mailed to lien holder. Farmers and
Merchants Bank, Granite Quarry as they hold $2150.00 chattel mortgage dated
April 22, 1964. Date of purchase from Ray Bandy, Inc. by Mr. Jones is April 23,
1964.

License DR-6196 was issued to James Robertson Jones, Box 321, Granite
Quarry, North Carolina covering 1964 Cadillac Tudor, serial 64G074473. Mr.
Jones purchased this vehicle used from Charles Lindbergh Martin of Raleigh,
Nortli Carolina on December 17, 1964. North Carolina title 6551686A was
mailed to lien holder, Farmers and Merchants Bank, Granite Quarry as they
hold $5868.00 chattel mortgage dated December 17, 1964.

Mr. Jones, the ledger card

The Chairman. I^t's ask him about that.

Mr. Jones, I noticed when Mr. Appell was reading this letter from
the most reliable authority we know to inquire from, namely the Motor
Vehicle Bureau of North Carolina, you leaned to your counsel and
smiled.

I ask you whether this letter is correct ? I want to ask you another
question after tliat.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1749

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 19-A" and retained
in committee files.)

(At this point Mr. Buchanan returned to the hearing room.)

The Chairman. We are giving you an opportunity to affirm or
deny documentary evidence obtained in good faith and from most
reliable sources. We did the same tiling to Mr. Slielton yesterday and
then he blabbered something to the press and TV about we were wrong
in one instance or something.

Do you intend after leaving the stand, since you are smiling to your
counsel, to say you caught us in one instance?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. By the way, Mr. Appell now tells me and refreshes
my memory with reference to an item of $2,135 which Mr. Shelton
talked about outside the room, saying that our counsel knew all along
that that was from an insurance policy from which lie collected acci-
dent benefits, that nothing of the kind is in the record.

What Mr. Appell questioned Mr. Shelton about was very proper.
In effect, Mr. Appell said to Mr. Shelton "I notice that there is an
item, a deposit in your account, of $2,135. What is the source of that
money?"

Mr. Appell didn't say it was from any evil source. He just asked
him a question.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, according to the ledger card maintained by
the Farmers & Merchants Bank, Granite Quarry, North Carolina,
relative to the 1964 Dodge, it shows that the first payment on this car
in the amount of $73.75 w^as made in May 196-1.

The Chairman. You are talking about the Dodge ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir ; the Dodge.

We asked you yesterday whether or not the tax wdiich you received
from Klaverns, and we exhibited to you at least one document to show
that tax from Klaverns was placed into the bank account in the name
of ^^r. pnd Mr9, James R. Jones, was not payments for this 1964 Dodge
made from this account into which tax from Khiverns was received?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer tliat question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Ledger sheet marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 19-B'- appear
on pp. 1750, 1751.)

(At this point Mr. Weltner left the hearing room.)

Mr. Appell. I hand you six checks totaling $442.50.

Mr. Jones, an analysis of the account shows

The Chairman. You showed him six checks. Ask him a question.

Mr. Appell. Do these checks properly reflect, as they state on their
face, payments from your account to the Farmers & Merchants Bank
in the amount of $73.75 ? That is from the account to which the Klan
tax is deposited.

The Chairman. It is a Klan account ?

Mr. Appell. But it is in the name of Mr. and Mrs. James R. Jones.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

1750 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 19-B

MAKER

__ James Robertson Jones

rfNO ]fi A^n

MAKERS N-

Box 3 21. Granite Quarry, M. C

1964 Dodge

CODE ' DLB NO I Due D*tEL»an SO ^033
: DATE OF N'''t ' ■*" '..NT Of MO'f

4-24-64 j $2212 . 50

I MATURITY

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INSTALLMENT
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CAT. NO. 7117. NP

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.
James Jones Exhibit No. 1 9-B— Continued

1751

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1752

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Documents marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 20." One of said
checks follows ; balance retained in committee files.)

James Jones Exhibit No. 20

The Chairman. In other words, as I follow the questioning, the
point is that Klan dues money was used to pay on the account of that
Dodge?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Is that correct, Mr. Jones ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. If you used Klan money to pay that, that would be
just as much income to you as anything else, reportable on your
income tax return. That is why I asked the question.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully

The Chairman. I didn't ask another question.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, an analysis of the account of Mr. and Mrs.
James R. Jones, together with the UKA account at the Farmers &
Merchants Bank and the Wachovia Bank in Salisbury, failed to re-
flect payments by check, many payments by check, made on this
automobile.

Did you on any occasion use cash which you received in your posi-
tion as Grand Dragon to make some of these payments ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, are you

The Chairman. I should have asked and I now ask about the
checks exhibited, having been proved to come from Klan sources, did
the membership authorize you to use that Klan money ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer the question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, has the governing body of the State of
North Carolina ever fixed for you a salary in your position as Grand
Dragon i

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1753

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Now, Mr. Jones, I might as well ask you this ques-
tion: Do you honestly believe that your answer to this last question
and to all other questions previously asked might tend to incriminate
you ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. The right to invoke the privilege of the fifth amend-
ment is based on an honest fear of self-incrimination or criminal
prosecution.

Now I think also in fairness to you I should point 'out this, but first
I will ask a question.

Do you intend, after you leave this stand, to issue a statement ex-
plaining and answering some of these very questions we are talking
about, that we have asked you ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. I do hope you honestly so believe because, having
invoked the fifth amendment on all of these questions, if you do speak
out and answer some of them, or perhaps question the veracity or
integrity of some of these questions, that would pretty well destroy
your honesty in the invocation and might result, and will result, I
think, as we consider it, in our questioning Mr. Shelton when he re-
turns about what he did say outside, after he had the opportunity to
answer questions.

I am not in the least questioning your right to make any statement
you want to make. I am talking about evidence before this commit-
tee. I am testing your honesty in the invocation. That is all.

Any statement you wish to make outside this room, go to it. But I
do admonish you of the situation it places you in.

Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, section 4 of the attachment to your sub-
pena which was made a part of the subpena, called upon you to pro-
duce certain books and records relating to an insurance contract be-
tween the Capital City Restoration Association and the International
Life and Accident Insurance Company.

What is the Capital City Restoration Association ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that it is a cover name of a Klavern of
the United Klans of America ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, I hand you a series of checks, some made
payable to cash, some made payable to the United IGans of America,
and some made payable to James R. Jones, and I ask you if it isn't a
fact that these checks reflect that the payments were for the stated

1754 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

purpose for which drawn, tax, and if the imj)rint of the check doesn't
show the Capital City Restoration Association and if this does not
establish the fact that it is a cover for a Klan unit ?

(Witness confere with counsel.)

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Documents marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 21" and retained in
committe files.)

Mr. Afpell. I show you another group of checks written by the
Capital City Restoration Association, and invite your specific atten-
tion to the first one, dated October 26, 1964, in the amount of $16.75,
made payable to the Alabama Rescue Service, and invite your atten-
tion to the purpose for which drawn, which is set forth on this check
as "Imperial Tax."

I ask you if this does not establish that this is a cover for a Klan
unit?

(Documents handed to witness.)

(Witness confers with counsel.)

The Chairman. Wliat do you mean by cover ? A front ?

Mr. Appell. a front.

The Chairman. In other words, the invisibility beyond the in-
visible.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Documents marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 22." Check of
October 26, 1964, follows; balance retained in committee files.)

James Jones Exhibit No. 22

i|rtV«>niro«onov ! 'aim ^#-fV'^>< »4*- i.Mu.?.S

«:Q5M«'PnM t-0lk(fU9* /0000001&7S/

.aarv^^^Aa

Mr, Appell. Dealing further with the Capital City Restoration
AssociatioUj did the Klan, using the Capital City Restoration Associa-
tion, enter mto a contract with the International Life and Accident
Insurance Company to write medical policies, hospital and medical
policies, for Klansmen throughout the State of North Carolina?

(At this point Mr, Weltner returned to the hearing room.)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1755

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Mr. Jones, I don't want the question to imply the
illegality, per se, of an insurance plan within an organization.

We simply want the facts and what the insurance plan is, whether
it is an entity, who is deriving the profits and so on. That is the
purpose of the question.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, at the time this plan was being sold to the
Klansmen throughout North Carolina, was it held out by you and
others that the premium paid on the first, the first month's premium,
would be used in part to pay your expenses traveling throughout the
State, and that a portion of this would be returned to the Klavern
for its expenses ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I have a letter w^hich says at the top,

■TO BE READ ON ALL KLAVERN HALL FLOORS":
TO ALL KLANSMEN :

As you know we have a group hospital plau for Klansmen of North Carolina.

I would like to interrupt the reading right here, Mr. Jones, and ask
you isn't it a fact that you did not pay out that amount of money
during that week, and that you knew it ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer tliat question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. [Continues reading :]

The total paid out so far, since the beginning of this Group Policy, is a tremendous
svmi. This money has gone to help our Klansmen who, if they did NOT have this
plan, would have had to pay the hospital bills themselves. In order to keep this
program as it is, we must hold it in line with claims. Therefore we must have
immediately 400 NEW applicants to add to this group in the next two weeks.
We must also keep the ones that have already participated in this plan, so be sure
to keep yours paid.

We are sorry to say we have only about 250 in this plan out of our whole North
Carolina Group. Of the original 250, only 111 are paying.

Mr. Chairman, I will skip rather tlian read the whole thing and
conclude with :

Enclosed is information sheets.

Kligrapp : Get the names from your unit and send to me of the ones that do
not have it now, but will take it now.

Send reply on Hospital Insurance to ; P.O. Box 9183, Raleigh, North Carolina.
Yours for God and Country.

/s/ James R. Jones,

James R. Jones, Grand, Dragon
North Carolina U.K.A.
P.S. We must build this group to 500 paying members. Help us save this plan.

The Chairman. Mr. Jones, at this point I ask you this question:
A nimiber of docmnents have been offered in evidence, signed by your-
self, calling yourself the Grand Dragon of North Carolina. Are you
the Grand Dragon of North Carolina ?

1756 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. The accompanying document, Mr. Chairman, is headed
"An Insurance Program Designed For Capital City Restoration
Association And Affiliated Groups In North Carolina."

I hand you these, Mr. Jones, to ask whether this is a copy of a
document that you sent out, together with the enclosure?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr, Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Documents marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 23*' follow :)

James Jones Exhibit No. 23
To Be Read on All Klavebn Hall Floors

To All Klansmen :

As you know we have a group hospital plau for Klansmen of North Carolina.

This is a first, for it is practically impossible to get a company to recognize
our group and give us this VAST coverage at the price we are paying. On April
6, 1965 (for one week) we paid out a total of $1,400.25 for claims to our Brother
Klansmen. The total paid out so far, since the beginning of this Group Policy,
is a tremendous sum. This money has gone to help our Klansmen who, if they
did NOT have this plan, would have had to pay the hospital bills themselves. In
order to keep this program as it is. we must hold it in line with claims. There-
fore we must have immediately 400 NEW applicants to add to this group in the
next two weeks. We must also keep the ones that have already participated in
this plan, so be sure to keep yours paid.

We are sorry to say we have only about 250 in this plau out of our whole North
Carolina Group. Of the original 250, only 111 are paying.

Since we pay in to a Company LESS than we receive, you can readily see the
position we find ourselves in.

I could not get any hospital insurance before we got this through and so were
a lot of other Klansmen in the same boat with me. Now that we have this, and
see the benefit it has already been to our local units, are we going to continue to
support people that do not support us or are we going to join this hospital plan
and HELP people that helps us.

Our North Carolina Group is growing by leaps and bounds and with it we must
help keep the ONE COMPANY that is on our side to stay with us.

Some few of our units have joined with a majority of the unit and some DO
NOT have a SINGLE ONE from their unit in this Hospital Plan.

It is most urgent and important, that we take this under advisement and sup-
port this group plan NOW by getting your unit covered.

I went out on a limb from the first by promising this company 1000 members
and this certainly would not be but a small percentage of our number of Klans-
men. As you can see NO ONE will support us unless we support them.

Klansmen, are we going to lose this group plan or are we going to support and
keep a White Man's Company behind us?

This plan will pay even if you have another plau that pays also.

Enclose<l is information sheets.

Kligrapp: Get the names from your unit and send to me of the ones that do
not have it now. but will take it now.

Send reply on Hospital Insurance to : P.O. Box 9183, Raleigh, North Carolina.
Yours for God and Country

James R. Jones

James R. Jones, Grand Dragon,

North Carolina U.K.A.

P.S. — We must build this group to 500 paying members. Help lis save this
plan.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1757

Ax Insurance Program

Designed for

Capital City Restoration Association and Affiliated Groups in

North Carolina

membership in any of these organizations entitles you to the following
advantages under this special health insurance program

1. Reduced premium rates.

2. Pre-existing health conditions covered immediately 30 days from issue date.

3. No waiting i^eriods (except maternity — 10 months).

4. No reduction in benefits if you have other insurance.

5. Good anywhere in the world.

6. Mental and nervous disorders are covered.

7. A grace period of 31 days allowed for paying renewal premiums.

8. Surgical benefits paid in or out of hospital.

9. First aid benefit paid when treatment is rendered in hospital or at the
doctor's oflSce.

10. Any member leaving group will be allowed to continue same policy by
paying future premiums quarterly, semiannually, or annually.

11. Dependent children will be deleted as a result of marriage or attaining the
age of 18 years, but at such time they will be permitted to convert to an individual
plan with the same rates as the group and by paying premiums as outlined in
number 10.

benefits provided under this plan are as follows

Hospital room & board. — $12.00 per day up to 9 days for each accident or sick-
ness. No Limit to Number of Times Used Each Year.

Hospital extras. — Up to $120.00 for each sickness or accident — includes charges
for operating room, drugs, dressings, laboratory, X-rays, etc.

Surgical fees. — $250.00 schedule of allowances included in policy.

Maternity. — $120.00 hospital charges allowance — plus $50.00 delivery fee for
normal birth ; $100.00 caesarean section ; $25.00 miscarriage.

First aid benefit. — Up to $36.00 for treatment of injuries within 24 hours,
after accident, if not covered under any other part of policy. Treatment can
be rendered in hospital or doctor's ofllice.

monthly premium rates, age groups 16 to 59

Family. — $14.50 (includes all unmarried children under eighteen years of age).

Husband and tvife only. — $9.65.

Male only. — $3.55.

Female only. — $5.25 (excludes maternity).

Male or female ages 60 to 69. — 6.10.

Proposal Prepared and Submitted by M. R. Kornegay.

The Chairmax. Mr. Jones, I said awhile ago that insurance pro-
grams, benefits, by many organizations are duly recorded as completely
legal and certainly in vogue and certainly exercised. Most of them,
so far as I know, have very noble causes. Here is an opportunity
really to talk about this program. Especially, you have an oppor-
tunity to say that, as the document you sign states, you are making
no profits.

Didn't that passage in there say that no profits were made, Mr.
Appell?

Mr. Appell. I didn't read that part.

The Chairman. I misunderstood you, then. There was a general
statement at the very beginning.

Is it in there ?

Mr. App^^. I don't see it, sir.

59-222 O — 67— pt. 1 16

1758 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairman. I thought you indicated that it said something
about "We don't take in more than we disburse" or something.

Mr. Appell. "VVliat it said was "we must hokl it in line with the
claims. Therefore we must have immediately 400 NEW appli-
cants * * *."

The Chairman. Before that.

Mr. Appeix. "This money has gone to help our Klansmen who, if
they did NOT have this plan, would have had to pay the hospital
bills themselves."

The Chairman. Before that.

Mr. Appell, I will start from the first :

This is a first, for it is practically impossible to get a compauy to recognize
our group and give us this VAST coverage at the price we are paying. On.
April 6, 1965 (for one week) we paid out a total of $1,400.23 for claims to our
Brother Klansmen. The total paid out so far

The Chairman. Let's see the document.

Mr. Appell, Yes, sir.

The Chairman. [Reading :]

This is a first, for it is practically impossible to get a company to recognize our
group and give us this VAST coverage at the price we are paying.

Well, it didn't say what I thought it said.

But there is an opportunity, nevertheless, Mr. Jones, for you to say
is this insurance plan self-sustaining only, or are profits made from
it?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman, Proceed.

I was wrong. It did not say what I thought it said. I am glad I
caught it.

Mr. Appell, Mr, Jones, the committee has obtained from the Insur-
ance Department of the State of North Carolina all of the applications
executed by Klansmen under this program, and while the insurance
coverage called for Capital City Restoration Association and affiliated
groups, we have pulled from the entire number of applications some
which relate to affiliated groups.

I wish to ask you as I name the affiliated group whether you, as
the Grand Dragon of North Carolina, knew this affiliated group to
be, like the Capital City Restoration Association, a unit of the iCan.

Haniett County Improvement Association, P.O. Box 48, Dunn,
North Carolina ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 24-A." See p. 1780.)

The Chairman. Isn't it a fact, Mr, Jones, that you have in the
State of North Carolina as in all the States that I know of, large num-
bers of cover groups, front groups, such as gun clubs and others of that
type, that are actually high-sounding names to use to camouflage, or
as a matter of security, in the use of these names, when, in fact, they
are Klan groups and Klaverns. Isn't that true ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to ansAver that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1759

The Chairman. And I say our investigative work indicates that
that is definitely true. Isn't it true ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Afpell. Another of the affiliated groups listed on one of the
applications for hospital-surgical coverage is the New Hanover
Improvement Association, Inc., P.O. Box 1104, Wilmington, North
Carolina.

Is this Improvement Association one of your Klan units ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 24-B." Seep. 1781.)

Mr. Appell. Within the New Hanover Comity Improvement
Association, do you possess any Iniowledge as to whether or not, within
its membership, there are law enforcement officers?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on ground previously stated.

Mr. Appell. A hospital-surgical coverage application also desig-
nates as an affiliated unit the Town & Country Sportsman Club,
P.O. Box 244, Durham, North Carolina.

Is this Town & Country Sportsman Club a Klan vmit ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 24-C." See p. 1782.)

Mr. Appell. An additional application shows an affiliated group,
Warrenton Improvement Association, Norlina, P.O. Box 156, North
Carolina.

Do you know the Warrenton Improvement Association to be a
Klan group unit?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 24-D." See p. 1783.)

Mr. Appell. Another of the affiliated units, according to an
application, is the Halifax County Sportsman Club, Box 611, Enfield,
North Carolina.

Do you know it to be a Klan unit ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 24-E." See p. 1784.)

Mr. Appell. Another application which lists an affiliated unit
shows Kings Mountain, North Carolina, No. 55, P.O. Box 681,
Kings Mountam, North Carolina.

Do you know Kings Mountain, North Carolina, No. 55, to be the
numerical designation of a Klan unit in North Carolina ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 24-F." See p. 1785.)

Mr, Appell. Mr. Jones, this applicant is James D. Carter. Was
James D. Carter a province titan within the Klan in North Carolina?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

1760 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. As a matter of fact, at a rally, didn't he come up to
you and push his robes into your gut and tear up his membership
card in front of your face ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Another affiliated unit is listed merely as Number 23.

I read it, Mr. Chairman, as Sanford, without the designation of the
State, although the applicant lists his residence as Sanford, North
Carolina.

Do you have a unit in North Carolina known as Unit Number 23 ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 24-G.*' See p. 1786.)

Mr. Appell. Another affiliated unit, Mr. Jones, is shown as Number
38, Goldsboro, North Carolina. Do you have a unit known as Number
38 in Goldsboro, North Carolina ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

((Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 24-H." See p. 1787.)

Mr. Appell. Another of the affiliated groups, according to the
application, is the Limestone Fishing Club, P.O. Box 313, Beulaville,
North Carolina. Is the Limestone Fishing Club a unit of the Klan
in North Carolina ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 24-1." See p. 1788.)

Mr. Appell. The last of the affiliated units that we could find
within the applications is the Keystone Club, 1069 Henderson, North
Carolina. Is the Keystone Club known to you as an affiliated, as a
Klan within the State of North Carolina?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Dociunent marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 24-J." See p. 1789.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, was there an important meeting of the
Klan held in Rockwell, North Carolina, on August 22, 1965 ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Did you at this meeting make a financial report to the
membership ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Did you report that the total taken in was approxi-
mately $14,125 to date, and that you had paid out $11,000, had a
balance of $3,125.18, and that some bills were outstanding and that
the balance in the bank as of this date, which is August 22, 1965,
was $1,625.18 ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 25" and retained in
committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact, Mr. Jones, that during the period of
time from the first of 1965 to the date of your report that you had

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1761

taken in $21,974.22, disbursed $15,111.77, and had a balance in the
bank at that time of $6,862.45 ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairjman. Mr. Appell, are you asking the question as a fact
which has been verified ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. And all of these questions have been verified by
investigation?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir, by an analysis of the bank accounts. I would
like to point out, Mr. Chairman, that the staff does not know whether
this is all the money that has come in.

The Chairjvian'. That was the question I was about to ask him.

Mr. Jones, Mr. Appell, following good and honest investigative
practice, is questioning you from material subpenaed from or received
from the bank, a bank, which could be erroneous. You are being given
an opportunity to verify or dispute these figures. I wdll ask you this
question.

As of the date when, according to verifiable bank records, you
had

Mr. Appell. He had received during the period from the first of
1965 to the period of his report $21,974.22.

The Chairman. This is according to material received from the
bank. In fact, as of that date, had you or had you not — I will put
it two ways this time because I am talking about the facts developed —
liad you or had you not received more funds that you either had not
put into the bank or kept for yourself ? Is that all you had received
and did you deposit it all in the bank ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Is it, or is it not, a fact that you have other accounts
in other banks besides the one we are now talking about?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Chainiian, can Mr. Appell repeat the figures as
contained in the report submitted ?

Mr. Appell. His report to the membership was the total taken in to
date approximately $14,125, and paid out approximately $11,000.

Mr. Weltner. That is all.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to observe that the figure
of $21,974 brought in does not include $4,969.90 which was paid toward
the automobile, and I wish to also point out that an analysis of accounts
of Klans or Klaverns shows that many checks payable to Mr. Jones,
made payable to J. R. Jones, are never deposited in any bank account
because the endorsements on the reverse thereof show that Mr. Jones
has cashed these checks at places other than at his bank.

The Chairivian. Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, at approximately March 1st, or in the pe-
riod within the first few days of March, was a State meeting of the
Klan of North Carolina held ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. At (liis meeting

1762 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairman. What was the date of that ?

Mr. Appfll. In the first few days of March 1965, sir.

At this meeting, were you nominated and elected

The Chairman. "Were you or were you not."

Mr. Appell. Were you or were you not elected

The Chairman. If you know it to be a fact

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that you were nominated and elected
to your office of Grand Dragon witliout opposition ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that George Dorsett and Grady Mars
were nominated to the office of treasurer and that Grady Mars was
elected ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that Jim Hackney, M. R. Kornegay,
Reverend Woodle, were nominated for the office of klokard and that
Mr. M. R. Kornegay was elected ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that there were nominated for the posi-
tion of kludd or chaplain the Reverend Roy Woodle and Bill McCub-
bins and Morgan ^ and that Reverend Woodle was elected ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that when it came to the nomination
for the office of grand kligrapp or secretary, that a motion was made,
seconded, and carried to let you, as the Grand Dragon, appoint your
own secretary ?

Mr. Jones. I i^spectfully decline to answer that question on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Did you appoint your own secretary and, if so,
who is the person ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that Fred Wilson was elected without
opposition to the position of grand klabee?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that Bill Brown, Robert Reaves, and
Jack Murray, Jr., were nominated to the position of grand kladd and
that Robert Reaves was elected ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated,

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that Albert Outlaw, AVayne Rivers, and
J. T. Shepard were nominated for tlie position of klarogo, with Albert
Outlaw being elected ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that Joe Norman, Clarence Brindle,
and Ray Tripp were nominated for the ix)sition of klexter, with
Clarence Brindle elected ?

^ First name unknown.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1763

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
ofrounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't a fact that Boyd Hamby was elected without
opposition to the position of grand night-hawk ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

INIr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that it was announced at that meeting
that the constitution and bylaws of the United Klans of America, Inc.,
were being changed so that they would provide that all imperial and
grand officers are elected for a period of 2 years ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Wliat was it before ?

Mr. Appell. It staggered, Mr. Chairman, with the Imperial Wizard
being 3 years, with the Imperial Klabee being 2 years, the Imperial
Kligrapp being 2 years, and certain other officers only for a period of
1 year.

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, preceding this election, I ask you if it is a
fact if at one time Woody Goodwin, of Wilmington, North Carolina,
was your Klaliff or vice president ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I ask you if it is a fact that Arthur C. Leonard, of
Salisbury, North Carolina, was the grand klokard.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Did you ask if it was a fact ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

Is it or is it not a fact that Arthur C. Leonard was the grand
klokard?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previous stated.

Mr. Appell. Is it not a fact that W. R. McCubbins, M-c-C-u-b-
b-i-n-s, was grand kludd ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previousl}^ stated.

Mr. Appell. Prior to the election that I previously discussed with
you, was it a fact that Charles Deese of Salisbury, North Carolina,
was grand kligrapp or secretary ?

Mr, Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Is it not a fact that Ray Teri-y, of Durham, North
Carolina, prior to the election that we have discussed, was the grand
kladd?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previousl}^ stated.

Mr. Appell. Is it not a fact that Buck Hoarse,^ of I^xington, was
at one time the grand inner guard ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

1 Correct name Buck House.

1764 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. Is it not a fact that he was replaced on August 6,
1964, by M. K. Kornegay ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Is it not a fact that at one time Jim McLamb of
Wilmington, North Carolina, was the grand outer guard under you as
Grand Dragon ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Mr. Appell tells me that he cannot conclude with
this witness before lunch, so the committee will stand in recess until
1:30.

(Subcommittee members present at time of recess: Representatives
Willis, Pool, Weltner, Ashbrook, and Buchanan.)

(Whereupon, at 12 noon, Thursday, October 21, 1965, the sub-
committee recessed, to reconvene at 1 :30 p.m. the same day.)

AFTERNOON SESSION— THURSDAY, OCTOBER 21, 1%5

(The subcommittee reconvened at 1 :45 p.m., Hon. Edwin E. Willis,
chairman, presiding.)

(Subcommittee members present: Representatives Willis, Weltner,
Ashbrook, and Buchanan.)

The Chairman. The subcommittee will come to order.

Call your witness, Mr. Appell.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I woud like to recall to the stand Mr.
James R. Jones.

The Chairman. Please proceed.

TESTIMONY OF JAMES ROBERTSON JONES— Resumed

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, within the United Klans of America, is it
the practice to issue official charters to Klans under cover names,
such as improvement associations ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question for reasons
that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me, in viola-
tion of my rights as guaranteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of
the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that the United Klans of iVinerica did issue
a formal charter in the name of the Craven Comity Improvement
Association, New Bern, North Carolina, Klan No. 33.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I hand you a copy of that charter and ask you if it
is not a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny it, if it is not a fact that
your name appears as the Grand Dragon, and Mr. Robert M. Shelton's
name appears, Mr. W. O. Perkins' name appears there, but appears
to have been signed for him by someone having the initials "C L"
and that it was accepted for that Klavern by Raymond D. Mills.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 26" follows:)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.
James Jones Exhibit No. 26

1765

ra«x

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or
deny the fact, that Raymond Mills named on that charter was arrested,
tried, pled ^Ity, to a series of bombings in New Bern, North Caro-
lina, which bombings took place on January 24, 1965.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
it, that according to the press of Raleigh, North Carolina, the Neios
di Ohserver, June 6, 1965, J. R. (Bob) Jones, Grand Dragon of North
Carolina KKK, said the Klan paid him $1,000 for the defense of Ray-
mond Mills, former exalted cyclops of the New Bern Klavern, who
was drummed out of the organization after he changed his plea to
guilty. I put it to you as a fact and ask you to affirm it.

1766 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 27" and retained in
committee files.)

Mr. AppETJi. Mr. Jones, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to af-
firm or deny it, that there was created the New Bern and Blounts
Creek Fund, Grady B. Mars or James R. Jones, Areola Rural Station,
Warrenton, North Carolina, for the purpose of raising funds for the
defense of Raymond Mills.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. I will ask Mr. Appell, as I am not sure, but did
you establish that Mr. Mills pleaded guilty ? Did you ask him that ?
Did you put that to him as a fact and ask him to affirm or deny that
fact?

Mr. Appell. I do not remember, sir, so I will.

Did Raymond Mills, in the course of the trial, change his plea from
not guilty to guilty of the crimes for which he was indicted ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. It is more than that. I put it to you as a fact that
the court records show that he did plead guilty. I ask you to affirm
or deny that fact.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, Mr. Jones, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that the total amount deposited into that ac-
count was $645.16.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
gromids previously stated.

Mr. Appell, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
that fact, that as far as loans or advances of money in behalf of Mills,
that on May 3, 1965, a check was drawn against this account in the
amount of $260, signed by Grady B. Mars, which check contained a
notation "90 day note, Lonnie R. Mills, Rt. 2, Vanceboro, N.C."

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 28" follows:)

James Jones Exhibit No. 28

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1767

The CiiAiKMAX. AVliat was the total amount collected for that
defense fund, Mr. Appell ?

Mr. Appell. $645.16.

The Chairman. Understand the situation, Mr. Jones. As I under-
stand it, tlie campaign went on to collect this amount of money to
defend Mr. Mills, and the account shows, I believe — what?

Mr. Appell. There was deposited $645.16. As for withdrawals
from the account, Mr. Chaimian, there was a check in the amount
of $57 which was a debit to the account because the check submitted
was "insufficient funds." There was a check written, as I described
in the record, and the third check that was written against the account
was a cashier's check which was used to close the account, and the
maker of that check was Grady B. Mars.

Mr. Weltner. Would counsel identify Grady Mars from the trial
records that have been offered into evidence ?

Mr. Appell. Grady B. Mars, according to the record, Mr. Weltner,
is the Klaliff or vice president, of the Realm of North Carolina.
Incidentally, he is a paid worker or organizer at the rate of $150 per
week.

Tlie Chairman. How much was there deposited, Mr. Appell ?

Mr. Appell. There was a total deposit of $645.16.

The Chairman. Give me the items of w ithdrawal.

Mr. Appell. There was a debit of $57 which constituted a check
which bounced because of insufficient funds, and there were two
withdrawals.

The Chair^ian. $57 NSF?

Mr. Appell. Yes. And a $260 withdrawal which was marked as
a 90-day loan to Lonnie Mills, and a check in the amount of $328.16
which was used to close the account and to purchase a cashier's
check, the disposition of which we have no knowledge.

The Chairman. Now, Mr. Jones, I am askmg you^I am not puttmg
it to you as a fact, because I don't know the fact — whether this cashier's
check was used by Grady Mars to remit to Mr. Mills, as part of his
legal defense.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Now, I do put it to you as a fact, and I ask you
to deny or affirm that fact, that instead of giving the $260 to Mr.
Mills for his defense, you loaned him the money.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or
deny the fact, coming to us from our investigation, that many fund-
raising campaigns for legal defense, in many areas — I am not sure
about the particular areas within your jurisdiction — while the funds
were raised for defense, the poor defendants never got a nickel out of
them. Has that occurred within your realm ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, after the arrest of Raymond Mills, what
investigation did your organization conduct for the purpose of deter-

1768 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

mining the guilt or innocence of Mr. Mills as it involved membership
in your organization ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. On March 1, 1965, at the same meeting at which you
made a report on finances, did you make a report that Mr. Raymond
Mills had been suspended for his own protection and state further,
"Let me make it clear 'he has not been banished' and all units are asked
to help financially."

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affinn or
deny the fact, that while your organization and others generally pre-
tend to have rules and regulations and procedures to expel members
who commit violence, and you pretend to be against violence, you
have never expelled a member known to you to have committed acts
of violence.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I should like the record to show that
the charter document which was exhibited to Mr. Jones was presented
to the committee as a result of a subpena duces tecum served upon
Raymond Mills, who appeared before the committee in executive ses-
sion on August 24, 1965.

The Chairman. And a transcript of that charter will appear in the
record at the point it was commented on.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

Mr. Jones. Mr. Mills also submitted to us, in accordance with the
subpena, rough notes of minutes of Klavern meetings, the Craven
County Improvement Association.

The Chairman. And that was done pursuant to a subpena ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

There is an entry of a meeting in August which reports that 20
members were present. The "opening cermony [sic] was carried out.
Tlie first business was to naturalize 3 new members, #100 #75 #77.
It was an impressive ceromony [sic]," read the notes.

"The E.C. gave first part of Oath The Vice President gave the sec-
ond and third parts. #15 explained" — it looks like it should read,
Mr. Chairman, '■'that the" but it reads "the the"

The Chairman. Start the sentence again.

Mr. Appell. [Reading :]

The E.C. gave first part of Oath The Vice President gave the second and third
parts. #15 explained the [sic] the person who owned the building was pressing
for us to buy it.

The Klokan brought up new membersi We also decide to bum 3 cross [sic] one
at Oscer Funerl [sic] Home, one on Brices Creek Road, and one in Pamlico
County. The meeting was then adjourind [sic]. The Klexter built the cross
for us.

Mr. Jones, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affinn or deny
the fact, that there was a cross bumecl in front of the Oscar Funeral
Home on either October 17 or 18, 1964.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1769

Mr. Appell. I ask for a correction of the record, Mr. Chairman.
The date should be August. I7th or August 18th.

Does that change your answer in any way, Mr, Jones ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 29" follows:)

James Jones Exhibit No. 29

-<^/ 1^

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, what investigation do you make when
there are crosses burned to determine whether or not your Klansmen
burn these crosses ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfullv decline to answer that question based
on grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that at 10 p.m. on 28 May 1965 a cross was burned at the

1770 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Elizabethtown, North Carolina, Courthouse which is located in Bladen
County ; that on May 28, 1965, a cross was burned at Southport Court-
house, North Carolina, Brunswick County; in the same county, at
Supply, 200 yards in front of the Jessie A. Bryant home on 24 May
1964; at Holden Beach, in front of a Negro revival tent, on the 19th
or 20th of November 1964; in Burke County, North Carolina, at
Valdese, in front of the yard of the Valdesian Presbyterian Church on
9 December 1964; in Columbus County, North Carolina, on the lawn
of the Whiteville Courthouse on 28 May 1964.

Then in Craven County, one at the Oscar Funeral Home to which
I have just referred.

The Chairman. Wliat is the date ?

Mr. Appell. The date is August 17 or 18, Mr. Chairman.

In Edgecombe County, North Carolina, at Tarboro Post Office,
on 28 May 1965 ; in Franklin County, North Carolina, on August 20,
1964, at Epsom, on dirt road in front of H. T. Rod well residence. Rod-
well being a member of the Franklin County NAACP Chapter; in
Granville County on May 28, 1965, on the lawn of the courthouse in
Granville; in Greene County, North Carolina, in June 1964, at Snow
Hill, on Highway 258 bypass; in Halifax County, on September 3,
1964, in Enfield, two crosses burned in the Negro area of town; in
Iredell County, North Carolina, on May 28, 1965, in front of the
Statesville Senior High School ; in Jones County, North Carolina, on
May 6, 1965, one at Pollocksville and three at Trenton on the same
date; also in May 1965; six crosses burned at Wise Fork and Haskins
Crossroads communities; in Lenoir County, North Carolina, on April
20, 1965, in La Grange, at the home of Paul A. Barwick, a newspaper
publisher; in New Hanover County, North Carolina, in Wilmington,
on the 28th of May 1965, at the courthouse; in Pender County, North
Carolina, on the 28th of May at Currie; also on May 28th at Wards
Comer; also on May 28th at Burgaw; in Person County, at Roxboro
City Hall, also on May 28th ; in Robeson County, North Carolina, on
February 24, 1965, outside of Lumberton, Highway 41, at the home
of Carl Leaker, a retired barber ; in Rowan County, North Carolina, on
May 28, 1965, at the health center in Salisbury ; in Stanly County on
May 28th at Albemarle, Highway 52, inside the city limits; in Vance
County, on May 28th, the lawn of the courthouse building; in Wake
County, on August 14, 1965, on the lawn of the Governor's Mansion,
then Governor Terry Sanford; on the 23rd of February 1965 in front
of the Reverend Frank Hutchins' home, 1913 South East Street,
Raleigh ; in Wayne County, North Carolina, on October 16, 1964, on
the front lawn of James Davis home, 905 North Virginia Street,
Goldsboro; on January 8, 1965, on the front lawn of Geneva Hamilton,
at 510 Bunch Drive, Goldsboro.

That concludes the listing, Mr. Jones, and I put it to you as a fact,
and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that these cross burnings did
take place.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. What action did you take as Grand Dragon to deter-
mine how many of these cross burnings, if not all of them, were carried
out by members of your organization, the L^nited Klans of America ?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1771

Mr. JoxES. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. ArPELL. Were any of your members suspended for engaging in
any of the cross burnings in which these Klansmen participated ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, in connection with a subpena serv^ed upon
the Suburban Printing Company, we received a copy of an invoice
dated June 11, 1965, billed to the Ku Klux Klan, Box 321, see exhibit
No. 31, Granite Quarry, North Carolina, Order No. 394, 200,000 copies
of Negro Pepsi handbills, printed two sides, $350.

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that
you placed that order, sir.

(Document handed to witness.)

(Witness confers with coimsel.)

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 30" and retained in
committee files.)

Mr. Appell. I hand you a reproduction of a handbill which reads
at the top "Below Picture of Negro Vice President Of Pepsi-Cola, At
Left, And His "Wliite Wife, In Center. Let The Pepsi People Know
What You Think Of Their Vice President And His White Wife."

Isn't this a copy of that w^hich was printed by the Suburban Printing
Company ?

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that
it is a copy.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 31" appears on p.
1772.)

Mr. Appell. Before issuing that document, did you make an inves-
tigation to determine who the wife of the Negro vice president of
Pepsi-Cola, Harvey Russell, was?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that she was the daughter of Colonel Franklin A. Dennison,
who was the first Negro raised to field grade rank in World War I,
and who died in the early 1920's holding the rank of a brigadier
general in the United States Army.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Who was he?

Mr. Appell. The first Negro field grade officer in the United States
Army.

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact,
that the Pepsi-Cola Company came to you personally and advised you
of the fact, and that you did nothing to stop the circulation of that
leaflet.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or
deny the fact, that the wife oi Harvey Russell, who is a Negro, did

1772 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

J.\MES Jones Exhibit No. 31

Below Picture of Negro Vice
President Of Pepsi-Cola,
At Left, And His White Wife,
in Center

Pepsi Cola vice president negro Harvey Russell and wife Jackie give citation to one of com-
pany's salesmen. Bob Logan (right).

Let The Pepsi People Know What
You Think Of Their VicePresident
And His White Wife

not pretend to be anything but what she is, the daughter of a Negro
generah

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones, I hand you a copy of application for citi-
zens band radio license, executed by James R. Jones, applied for in

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1773

»Jamiaiy 1962, I ask you whether or not your citizens band radio
was ever used to cari^y out activities on the part of the KLan?
(At this point Representative Pool entered the hearing room.)
Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 32" follows:)

James Jones Exhibit No. 32

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1-

-17

1774

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 32— Continued

A MCn tC *

FEOZRAL :OMMUNlCATiCNS COMMISSION

Foini Appfovvd.

Hu<l(Fi eutcaii No. 52-R169

ATTACnWrNT TO RESu3M;"iTE0 APPLICATION

INSTRUCTIONS TO APPLICANT : A :ci iJiiv- t3 '■.•-• ol! iirrhcitions rrust be 'igned under oath or affirmation
Ic-ififi u Notary Public or oilifr oflicsi! ontiiorizeH '. .'.in :t!;.s:3: oattis. !t you supply -iny additional information,
or nake •.-.ny thanods m the apf Lc I'lOi- porn , yoj n.;' • ■■■•.\'\ -.venr to it tolorc a Kotary Public or other official.
T.'.;;- forii; is for your -or.venience. Aitei y 'u hyc .Tprtions :n the JLt.ichc.i returned appiicotion, or

if yuu wish, nitci V''^ have ^uopiiei ;:;« itiiCi«o'.ior. : .;iec ;or -r. ■.!:iv 3d'.ii!!'-.;<.': i.'r^fls of poper you may attach
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remaining : lanks.

The sp-i :e below oi the rever.^e juio ">) this sheet ■'■ i; le u; ed for any aad;li.>rial ir.forrr.ution rei^uired to cor-
rect the application.

I am af outside sale?;'-an cci. ':.'./;.• i; h r^ie In^provenient rr-.^erlc-.Z.s,
I would like inn n-e cf r-:.ioe fr'n order thrl siy v.-lfe -ni'lit re-
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ar.c; r* lay sauie t;: r.-:-.

I hereby certify that tho 'nformalion supplied oi: ^''e aitacneo torn, or on this and on any additional sheets
attached thereto is true and correct to the best Df my knowledge and belief.

::a.r3:JiZ<^...../(. .>irg::::?rg:t:=fc^. By _..

APP{/lC!ANr (Mbsf d^riiB W!IM mnpim^iliunii ui t4*« opplicotion.) (O«signot* oppropriot* clotiif icotien bslew)

t ^ , Mrmbcr of ApplkiM Patioetabip
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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1775

Mr. Appell. I show you the reproduction of a sticker which the
committee investigation found posted around throughout several
Southern States, which says "THE KNIGHTS OF THE KU
KLUX KLAN is watching you."

Has that been issued in your jurisdiction and, if so, for the purpose
of intimidating people with whom you disagi'ee ?

(Docimient handed to witness.)

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Docmnent marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 33" and retained in
committee files.)

Mr, Appell. Mr. Jones, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that when you travel around North Carolina
in your position as Grand Dragon, that you carry on your person, con-
cealed in a shoulder holster, a .38 caliber snub-nose revolver, that you
have a carbine strapped to the inside of the driver's door, and that you
carry a .30-06 rifle in your trunk with a large supply of ammunition.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the staff has no further questions of
Mr. Jones.

The Chairman. Mr. Jones, the committee has established that in
certain Klaverns, and I am not putting it to you as a fact that it is
true in yours, but I am going to ask you if this or similar kinds of
activities are engaged in — and the docmnent I have is entitled "HAE-
RASMENT" [sic]. And I can't read it all because it is very long,
but I will come to pertinent activities of harassment.

It starts with this sentence "An Enemy's Army which has been
harassed for a long time may be easily defeated," and that is a quota-
tion from an old Sanskrit proverb. It says :

Each local unit must make a thorough study of the technique of harassing
the enemy at little or no cost to themselves. All members should tax their
minds to devise new means and methotls of accomplishing this important work.

In general, harassing should always have a humorous twist to it and should
be in the nature of Halloween Pranks. This does not mean that it should be
executed in a careless or haphazard manner. It must be done seriously and
soberly and with a definite aim in mind. The purjwse of preserving the humor-
ous twist to the work is to obscure the deadly seriousness behind the work —

atid so on.

Besides asking the members to devise acts of harassment of their
own, there is a list of 16 suggested :

1. [Using] Roofing nails

2. Sugar and Molasses [in tanks]

3. Firecrackers

4. Snakes and Lizards

5. Mad Dogs

6. Itching Powder

7. Stink Bombs

8. Tear Gas

9. Paint

10. Lacquer Thinner

11. Slingshots, Marbles, BB guns, Air Rifles, Bow and Arrow, cross bows

12. Blank cartridges and pistols

13. Roman Candles

1776 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

14. Skyrockets

15. Salt and pepper

16. Noismakers [sic]

And then the document goes on to talk about other much more
serious acts. But those are suggested acts of harassment, in addition
to which there is the use of telephone calls, and so on.

I am asking you in all seriousness, and I give you the opportunity to
affirm or deny, whether within your realm such acts of harassment
leading to worse involvement — and we will come to that in these hear-
ings— are employed within your realm ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 34.*' This exliibit
will be reproduced in a forthcoming report on the Ku Klux Klan
organizations.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I have one more question.

Mr. Jones, at the public rallies that are held within North Carolina
by the Klan, do you have a security detail or a security patrol which
operates there, as well as a security patrol within the Realm of North
Carolina ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. At these rallies, do you deliberately harass the press
and other people w^hom you invite to attend because of something — that
their appearance might not look good or they might have a camera at
a public rally that you invite them to, and you don't want them to
take photographs ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that (question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Don't you even go so far as to shake these people down,
search their cars, and do all the other things that laAv enforcement
authorities could never do under the Constitution ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I have no further questions, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. I think I only have one question, a general one.

Mr. Jones, it appears that you only have had a grammar school
education, and for which I don't reproach you in the least, and from
the evidence have had barely any employment at all for tlie past few
years.

Tlien all of a sudden it would appear you became a Grand Dragon
and have the use of a Cadillac, another vehicle, and frankly — if I am
wrong, you can correct it — seem to be living rather high on the hog.

My question is this, and it is an important question in the inquiry,
I assure you : Are you typical of the type of j^eople in leadership, such
as Grand Dragons, in Shelton's United Klans of America, Inc.?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. That is all I have.

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Chairman, I have one matter that I should like
to present and that is the following: We have heard of the indications
presented by Mr. Appell as to tlie Klan's abhorrence of acts of violence
and the efforts the Klan employs to prevent members from engaging

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1777

in acts of violence. As portion of that posture on the part of the
Klan we learn of the supposed ejection, banishment, or suspension of
Raymond D. Mills who pleaded guilty to bombing cars in New Bern,
North Carolina, Mills being the then exalted cyclops of the Craven
County Improvement Association, I believe that Klavern was called.

I know that Mr. Mills on June 3, 1965, pleaded ^nilty to that offense,
and I further know that that should be fairly plam evidence of an act
of violence on the part of a Klan member. If that were the case, then
surely if the North Carolina Realm undertook to banish members who
committed acts of violence, then he would be banished.

Bear in mind, that Is June 3, 1965. On August 24, 1965, several
months later, in executive testimony before our committee

The Chairman. May I say that that executive testimony has, by a
vote of the committee, been released for our use. 'Under our rules,
executive evidence must remain so except by a vote of the coimnittee.
Because of the necessity to use this evidence, the committee, by formal
action, did release it.

Mr. Weltxer. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

]VIi-. Mills stated at that executive session, reading from the tran-
script at page 340:

Let me say this to clarify one thing, Mr. Willis. I don't know of any FBI
being into the organization. They may have men into our organization, but let
me say this : We have men in organizations, also.

The entire statement plainly indicates and affirms that Mr. Mills,
notwithstanding his conviction several months prior to August 24,
still under oath acknowledged his membership in the Realm of North
Carolina, United Klans of America.

I should like to pose this question to the witness, to ask whether or
not Mr. Mills has been banished, or whether or not his membership in
the Realm of North Carolina, or in the United Klans of America has
been terminated ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
gromids previously stated.

Mr. Weltner. I have no further questions, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. Mr. Buchanan.

Mr. Buchanan. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. Jones, I assume, if I understand the structure of your organiza-
tion, that Mr. Robert M. Shelton, the Imperial Wizard, is your leader.
Consequently, I wonder, given the very interesting evidence presented
at this hearing as to the financial activities of Mr. Shelton, given the
evidence presented yesterday and today about your handling of the
funds of your North Carolina organization — I wonder if you received
any instructions in the handling of funds of your organization from
the Inferior Lizard — I mean the Imperial Wizard — Mr. Robert M.
Shelton.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Buchanan. No further questions, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. Senner. Mr. Jones, is the corporation the United Klans of
America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, authorized to do busi-
ness in the State of North Carolina'^

1778 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously indicated.

Mr. Senner, Is it a foreign corporation ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Senner. I noticed in your 1965 North Carolina Initiation Fran-
chise Tax Report, you are a foreign corporation, the name of the cor-
poration being Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku
Klux Klan of America, Inc., and you are listed as president, signed
James R. Jones, Grand Dragon, North Carolina.

You list your assets as none, capital stock as none, your total re-
ceipts as none, the total tangible property in North Carolina as none,
your net worth none, and your liabilities none. Apparently you pay a
minimimi of tax to do business in that State of $10. Is this correct ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Senner. Isn't it a fact that you are violating the laws of the
State of North Carolina in the conducting of business in that State in
the manner in which Mr. Appell has related these events?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Senner. Mr. Chairman, I have no further questions.

Mr. Pool. I have a question, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. Mr. Pool.

Mr. Pool. During the testimony, I believe we had some testimony
about the purchase of white satin cloth. Do you have a cloak that you
have made out of this white satin cloth ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Pool. In other words, you prefer to be swathed in the fifth
amendment ; is that it ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Mr. Jones, a moment ago I read a list of suggested
forms of harassments with an appeal to members to devise some of
their own.

I didn't say, because I don't know, honestly, whether those are the
types of harassments that you approve and tolerate. Obviously, you
tolerate and approve burning crosses. But you declined to answer.

I might say that the committee investigation discloses that in addi-
tion to the list of suggested acts of harassment, some of them devised
by the members, there are such things as throwing dead rats in front
of homes and in mail boxes, chickens with their necks cut off, and dead
bugs.

I am not saying you engage in that, but I am asking you whether
you engage in that type of harassment within your realm, in addition
to cross-burnings, which have been established ?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1779

The Chairmax. Finally, and this will be my last question, Mr.
Shelton is Imperial Wizard of the United Klans of America, and you
are one of his Dragons, according to our established evidence. I take
it that the Grand Dragons under Shelton in the various realms in
various States constitute some sort of a board of directors or board of
advisors to the Imperial Wizard.

I want to ask you this question, because it is very important: Did
you know, did Shelton advise you, and did he obtain the consent of
the Grand Dragons throughout his whole larger realm, that checks
were being signed against the imperial account by a person allegedly
known, a man allegedly known, as James J. Hendrix who turned out
to be Mrs. Shelton and by a man allegedly known as T. M. Mont-
gomery, who turned out to be Carol Long ?

It is important to know the policy or who is advising with w^iom in
these financial transactions. Did you know about that? Were you
consulted ? Did you give your consent ?

Mr, Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
gromids previously stated.

The Chairman. Mr. Ashbrook.

Mr. Ashbrook. Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask the witness one
question. The Goldsboro, North Carolina, News-Argus^ of Sunday,
August 15, 1965, carries a front page story Avith the caption headed
"Klan Can Eule, [Dragon Declares].'' Reporter John Rains, Mr.
Jones, quotes you as, among other things, lashing out at "Negroes,
jews, communists and 'white niggers,' " whatever that is, and that
you said that, "the only way to fight communists and integrationists
is by swinging election or 'with bullets.' "

This is a direct quote that is attributed to you by John Rains, re-
porter for this newspaper. I am wondering if you would, in light
of your protestations of playing down violence, answer for this com-
mittee whether or not this is factual reporting of what you said at the
Klan meeting in Goldsboro, North Carolina, on that date?

Mr. Jones. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
grounds previously stated,

Mr. Ashbrook, No further questions, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. Mr. Appell, is that all ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. Mr. Jones, you are excused for the day, but you
will be continued under subpena mitil November 14.^

Mr. Ashbrook. Mr, Chairman, I would like to have this article
made a part of the record, the one that I referred to.

The Chairman, Without objection, that will be done.

(Document marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 35" and retained in
committee files.)

(James Jones Exhibit Nos. 24r-A through 24- J, introduced on pp,
1758-1760, follow^:)

1 Mr. Jones was not recalled, and on December 29, 1965, was discharged from further
appearance under his subpena.

1780 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 24-A

Hospital surgical cove.'jage
intcknational life it accident insurance co.

'. Name C./R /AU.^-^ Sex yi fi\r^\y, ;^.A;/i_ Ane ^t? .

2. Address /^--;c;^.^y City (^ rTCCL. State ^^.Q

3. Height J^ ^^JoA, Ins. Wei ght y^'-j"' Lbs. Martial Status>?v^..^^

4. Occupat i on CX^c^-^OCrz 5. Employer ^Y:J^/

5* List Included family members.

Name Birth Age Wt. Ht. Relation
(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(.)

(f)

(9)

Signature of AppI icant C^/y/r //^2^^:2-t^^l^C_ Date 7^^^.-^ M/^^

Licensed Representative /?/ /^ , /<^ ^^ ,^ ^^^

Carolina Insurance Agency Inc. Amount Prem. Pai c^J^ ?. 5 6

U"it Name>^,,^ ,7f r^. ::>> ^^^^ ^^^,.1:^ /^..t^.

Unit Address/!^. /Z^ A^^ — JIj^,^^^. ^ C.

Benefits: Daily Rate /■:>?. ^<^ Surg i cal-^ ■-^~ g r Prem. J^ v fTf ^'^'^

Mode of Payment: /M) 0 SA A Circle Qul^'^- ^^ . E^zlL^llHS.
c/Qf-fi^f'/fO (-/ jjyp^ BATE ^'/eO^

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1781

James Jones Exhibit No. 24-B

Hospital surgical coverage
intcrnational life ij accident insurance co.

1. Name^;^^v/-^/^^/r^/;/7///v'A/^"^ Sex/?? Birth/'?// Ane c^"^

2. Address ^"^ (] ^ fOrPc^l^einncI a^ Jr Ci ty /i//^,^^ /r?n Statu ^ fc^

3. Height S' Ft. /oj Ins. Weight/ V^ Lbs. Martial Status 7?^'

4. Occupation ."^n /^■^ rr^rt-r) 5. Employer ._//zt^Vr^/3 /ar>-/''dej

5. List Included family members.

Name Birth Age Wt . Ht. Relation

Licensed Representative yyy K. /^-<?-^-<-^^<<^

Carolina Insurance Agency Inc. Amount Prem, Pai.<y/y< ^^

Unit Name /j/'^/^V/^/vg/^/f' 7 A-f/fyf(' ^' CM ^^v-^ /^JS cr/^Z/i^'/y J^^.

Unit Address Z-^^. I/C U U //m //'J^ /y^, /v^- ^> - ' ^

Benefits: Daily Rate X-^V: r Surgical ^t5^, /^ (, Prem./^. (<^ (~^

Mode of Payment: M (7) SA A Circle 0,?PI" "SO . JEB^IJ^dJM.
^0f-fiO9 '/?7 EPF. PATE i^~JC'^^ .

1782 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 24-C

riOSPITAL SURGICAL COVERAGE
INTERNATIONAL LIFE b ACCIOENT INSURANCE CO.
'• Name .Tam^i.. WnnHT^nw K»rnnH1^ Sex_U igirth Q(;t. 2 Ane_2Z.

2. Address pi- ^ ■> ' Rr.r difi ^'•t^y Dlirhnm Statu fj.f;.

3. Height fi Ft . n Ins. Weight Tflp Lbs. Martial Status M

4. Occupation rlm^lr 5. Employerr,n1dii^n R^Tt Mfg. Co-

5« List Included family members.

Name Birth Age Wt. Ht. delation
(a)

(b) ^^

(c)

(d) ^

(•) [

(f)

(9)

S i gnature of App I i cant^J/j^-f^i,-^ /<^^ /7/^<;^^^7C^ Date .J--/6'6S^

Licensed Representative y'^C . /dl /\^<C'^X^<^^jii-^

Carolina Insurance Agency Inc. Amount Prem, Pai.d $3.55

Unit Name Tnwn ^ flnnntry .Spnrtppian Club

Unit Address p.fl. Rpy ^44, Purhflra, N.H.

Benefits: Daily Rate ^^g.OQ ^"'•9'cal ij^q^q^qq ^^«'"- $3.55 ^^^

Mode of Payment: /m) 0 SA A Circle OifiOL. Wn /yP-//^ - /^ Y J,

^nf-^'?9'^f9 ^ EFF. p^^^ MAR 1 0 196b ;

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1783

James Jones Exhibit No. 24-D

Hospital surgical cc vl":jagl
intlknational l i ffl t- accident insurascc cc.

2. Address/f,^/^/.,^ City JA-zf-^/T/T// ;^ A" St ate Z?^ C ^

3. Height.^ Ft . /^ Ins. Weight //j)'" Lbs, ^la^tidl St.Jtu.sj^^

4. Occupat i on S i^/l i/'iO^y^ 5. Employer^

List Included family members.

Name Bi rth
(a)

Age

Wt . Ht . lie I at i on

(b).
(c).

(e).

(9)

Signature of App I i cant j^Un^^^f^^ 7tIa^, L^ Date /
Licensed Representative CJ-^'}'i^C^'\^ ^, f ^^;^^i^^-/f \}>^ y^
Carolina Insurance Aqencv^lnc. Amount Prem. Pair* x,> .

Carolina Insurance Agenc>^lnc,

Unit Name l/y'Siy'^yt£'r^^^■Q^7^^

Unit Address A^/P/F/-/^^//^ yV ^ -^r)^ <S^ T A^fCT'-

Benefits: Daily tsate /T-^^ Surgical -^^ (^ --^

Prem. J> -^

Mode of Payment: /^mJ 0

^7 7-0')?-^ RF/=:

SA A

JAN 1 0 196$

Circle One ^^'^'

1784

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 24-E

I03P1TAI. blir^GiCAL COVE.'JAGL
INTLK.NAriONAL LIFE t- ACCIDENT INSURANCE CO.

1. Nam.? ^::1l J> ^.;.- <?/ /^-/r ^v -^ f-- Sex /-i Bi rth /-J T- ^9" Ane .?.,V

2. Address ^'(^.? .>/...-/ /^ '-'' City ^\,/'.rye' Stato // 1' ■

3. Hsiaht

Ft. /£_lns. Waight /yVl_l-b

5. ^lartial Status -f.'.,o< oz

4. Occupat i on '/l^'J/t-/"^/ ... ^~

5. List Included family menbars.

, . Nair.e Birth
(a) /i/r ,y e^

5, Employer ,J-'>:/l'/.'^

Age

Wt. Ht. 1^3 I at ion

(s)

Sisnatui^e c? App . i ca
L i cc-.".;;sc' Reprecsntat i ve

nt ^^A <- /9. /V.K'xv'^v

Dcite /r__>2i£>^

Ca.-'olina insurance Agancy Inc. Amount Prem, Pa i ,H ''V^ " —

Unit Na..o ■ ..■ .^V^.x ^./^.^^:..■^ v^^ - .^r ■ • ., .^-^.^^

Unit Adci-^c

• I ' ' ' • , ■ ■■ ^- / -^

Sir.if its: Dai ly Rate_

Modo or Pdymsnt: M .

4-7 O.jjO Y- /9"7 ^

>ur9ical J~~JU

Prem. ^

0 SA A Circle One

bi-r- ^-1-fc ■L'/ f^fi^ji ^ . /o'^ X

i\s '■'^■r>

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1785

James Jones Exhibit No. 24-F

HOSPITAL SURGICAL COVERAGE
INTERNATIONAL LIFE b ACCIDENT INSURANCE CO.

1. Name ^^TZ^esJ^/^a^Af^ S«x/^BirthZ2-/^-;?7 Ane _

2. Address /^/P,/? ax ^^/ CityAy^ //A State /X^

3. Heiflht ST Ft.// Ins. Weight XI 6 C Lbs. Martial Stat us/^/'/'/g/V;,
\ot\Pyt/c/ A^/7/^e:^e,-//n./j^t 5. Emp I oye p y^yy^^^r <; <^o ^ ^,

4 • Occupat i

T/>y7/^e:^e,-/7n.rj^t 5. tmp I oye p y^y ^.s-^r <; ^oj^^ ^.

5« List Included Family members.

, / Kamf ^ I Birth Age Wt, Ht. Relation

(•)

(9).

Signature of App I i cant C^^'^^^t^y^ )j . ^.^^^2^.^*^^ Date^V__^

Licensed Reprej^ntat^e >^Vx ^ /r^

Carolina Insurance Agency Inc. Amount Prem. Pai(^

M^o

Unit Name y^^< /fAuA/Jn , a-/ . //£ ^ y^ ^^' ^_ ,

Unit Address y^/^, floy. /^/ J/jWf^ /)^u^/a'^ . // C j

Benefit*! Daily Ratj^ y^j ^?0 Surai ca^jQ <0. 00 Prem>7>/i^ ^^^^

Mode of Pay»«nt: /IS) 0 SA A Circle 0»PL. IRO.EBdLS^^^^

^ns,',%y"i'7 ^ IT date; p-jo-^^.

1786 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 24-G

HOSPITAL SURGICAL COVERAGl
. INTCRNATIONAL LIFE ii ACCIDENT INSURANCE CO.
I. Name ////V;^^ O^ r-fcg^ar^,^,^^ Sex-^M Bi rth 1 - ^,--^7 Age -:? ,S
2 . Address Pj^ <" C i t vl-So^ /^'■-M State-^t. xC •

/^^r CityJ^/^y.^

3. Hei9ht.< Ft.'v Ins. Weight / i^^^ Lbs. Martial 'Statusynr vj.ulJJ

4. Occupation Vt^ <C7v<I-~^4iLA- on 5. Employer ^cYy

__ y-

5. List Included family members. ^-^

Name Birth Age Wt. Ht. Relation

Licensed Representative (L. . // ^'y / ■

Carolina Insurance Agency Inc. Amount Prem. Pa i j:^ / 1-\-, S' 0
Unit Name ^^X 7
Unit Address^

Benefits: Daily Rate /^./?<? Surgi cal o.<v=5^.<!? ^:> Prem. /'Y.'S^
Mode of Payment: <^ 0 SA A Circle One
^ 79'Onf- ^f] ^ /^/= JAN 1 0 1965 f^/?- JJ 0- II^S

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1787

James Jones Exhibit No. 24-H

HOSPiTAl. SUROiCAL CCVEI^IAGL
IfJTCRNATIONAL LIFE b ACCIDENT INSURANCE CO.
I. Name \.^f!..^}n,-i'ql_ ^ ny-^^ ( ' /. --. u^T^-r.-^ex o-^ fSirth C<- ■>--> -J Af)e ^ /

3. Height (^ Ft. Ins. Weight / "7 /' Lbs. Martial Sfcatus^y^r^ '-^'^Jj

4. Occupation VsJ/^/^rL'j^/ 5. Employer

5. List Included family members.

y^ '^3me Birth Age Wt . Ht. Relatipn

(a) i/ix<A K, . ^u//:::^:!- ^3 i^-'T r^..^^ iAy,yj

(b) _1

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(9)

Signature of AppMcantK^^* . -,^^ X^^/f-^ -,,,--> ^,'.. Date /'?-^Xv'

-^-7- -'•''^^■^' /"^ .J^' ■ " "^ '• ^

Licensed Representative (i^'J ^'^ Q.^ ^}>l.''' f'-j^-^-'^^

Carolina Insurance Agencyj/fnc. Amount Prem. Pa i ,d / 0^^
Unit Name ^/^'3' ^'^'^

Unit Address

JJ ,, i{LJ,-L r\ -y] \^-

Benefits: Daily Rate J X -^ Surgical 0~ 5 0 ^ Prem. 9-^^

Mode of Payment

J SA A Circle One ,

1788 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

James Jones Exhibit No. 24-1

HWPITAL SURGICAL CCVEi-JAGE
INTCRMATIONAL LIFE t- ACCIDENT INSURANCE CO.

1. Name 7^<g /j^ /-/,-) 6' J 77' d/ iex /j/j Sirth llUX Ane J> JL

2. Address ^f X Z\t.y.'P/\'^/^ ///"^c^Statc /^ C"-

3. Height ,5" f^t. ^ Ins. Weight /7y Lbs. Martial Status /|^

4. Occupat i on / ,>, /y ,\<:.r ,i -7 -' >> G' 5. Employer C/^/f-

5. List Included family members.

Name Birth Age Wt. Ht. Relation

( a ) ^^.A^.V /A/, .-/Tx, /^;y^ .-2/ /A- ^ -// M///^^-

(b) : '

(d)

<•),

(f)

(9)

Signature of App I i cant r-X ^-)-j^>^ Z/,;^, '^^^-^ Date j^ //, 6 J

Licensed Representative /^y yC^ /^^^<?'*<-^^'^^

Carolina Insurance Agency Inc. Amount n*em. Pa i c* ^> ^ S

Unit Name Lf JtA SS ta J^ £ F / <; ^ l' ^'f C L U t^

Unit Address /^. ti . /3 6 X .? >.? ^ ^ 6^ ^ A L> /' Li- £ . A/- C^
Benefits: Daily Rate /g^. ^g Surgi calC3< '^■3 ^. <g g? Prem. ^, ^:S

Mode of Payment: (^ J SA A Circle W>' NO. /r^y/^-/^r;7
W? 9-P T^- / 'f 'P EFP. DATE C-/0-^ ^

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1789

James Jones Exhibit No. 24-J

I. .3PITAL SURGICAL COVERAGE
INTCKMATIONAL LIFE L' ACCIDENT INSURANCE CO.

1. Ne:ne ' '->' ^- I i ?■ ./^^K J '■ , '^-r!--- ■ ' i" :r Sex -77 ii\rt\^ J -f :;>/rjr''k<^<t -^Z /-

2. Address // A !/i~'^ •//'(- '^" '-■^'- City-^-^-p^vr/f^-^S^yVStatii A/C ^

3. Height -f Ft. 5' Inu, ..'^ : r.^t^_>2r__Lbs. Marti el Status ;^y' y.>^ >.-v r-.X

4. Occupation yyi>r/y/ ^"T?-. -^ - ' '^/. /S. Er.-.p 1 oye r T^v"-' ->"' 7?-' ^' /'/ -c-'^-^'Z-c,

5. L i ct Included firriiiy r.-.s.r.bo.^s^

i\i.,..3 Bi.-th Age V.'-c . lit. Relation
(a)

(b) ^

( = )

(c)

{3}

(?:

(s)

S i sr.iitu.-i of App i i cc-nt ~^'' -' 'yyy y- h 7 t-,.L Oste ■■' •- -/ /-/>^C-<i'

C£roi:n<2 ! r.su.''d."'.ca Agency !nCo A.r.ount Prem. Pa i f^''^/ c/ (^ <^

Un;-c N£.-^ A<=j/jy~^4^c^ f^V^- <^-,

ier.-r 1 rs :

)iily Rate / 3---- Surgical ■--

Prem. TTr^^'-^ /- ^ " ■'■'—.-

v^ \ re 1 e

Mode of Payrr.ent: M ij'/ 5A

The Chairman. The committee will stand in recess for 10 minutes.

(Whereupon, at 2:45 p.m. a brief recess was taken. All subcom-
mittee members were present at time of recess and when hearings
resumed.)

The CiiAiRiiAx. The subcommittee will be in order.

Call your next witness, Mr. Appell.

Mr. Appell. MarehallR.Kornegay.

The Chairman. Please raise your right hand.

Do you solenmly swear that the testimony you are about to give
will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help
you God?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I think maybe the witness nodded in
taking the oath. The record could not record his nod.

The Chairman. The reporter didn't get your response.

59-222 o— 67— pt. 1 18

1790 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

You do solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give will
be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help
you God ?

Mr. KoRNEGAY. Yes, sir.

TESTIMONY OF MARSHALL ROBERT KORNEGAY, ACCOMPANIED
BY COUNSEL, LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. Would you please state your full name for the record,
sir?

Mr. KoRNEGAY. Marshall Robert Komegay.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, are you appearing here today in ac-
cordance with a subpena served upon you at 6 :20 o'clock p.m., on
the 10th day of October 1965, by an investigator of this committee,
Mr. Neil E. Wettennan ?

Mr. Kornegay. Somewhere about that.

Mr. Pool. Somewhere about that.

Mr. Kornegay. Somewhere about that date.

The Chairman. But you were served, and you are appearing pur-
suajit to that sulbpena ?

Mr. Kornegay. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Kornegay. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Would the counsel please identify himself for the
record, please?

Mr. Chalmers. My name is Lester V. Chalmers, Jr., attorney at
law, Room 501, First Federal Building, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, when you answered my question as to
where you were served, you said sometime about that date. I would
like to ask you exactly wiien and where you were served with the sub-
pena.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that (question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to mcriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5. 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Counsel, do you understand the question ?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir. I am certain we can enter into a stipula-
tion. I have Mr. Komegay 's subpena before me right now.

The Chairman. Will you stipulate the time of service and place?

Mr. Chalmers. Whatever the record shows, I will certainly stipulate
to that.

The Chairman. State the time and place shown by the return.
• Mr. Appell. 6:20 p.m., Mr. Chairman, the subpena shows on the
reverse thereof that Investigator Wettemian, according to his return
on the reverse of the subpena, served Mr. Kornegay on a farm located
on the south side of Route 58, 8 miles east of Danville, Virginia, at the
location of a Klan rally at 6:20 p.m. on the 10th day of October 1965.

The Chairman. And Counsel, you do have authority to make that
stipulation ?

(Counsel confers with witness.)

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir; I do.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1791

The Chairman. Because this is technical. As sure as I am talking
to you, [I] wouldn't take advantage of it, if anything comes out of this,
but I must ask you this. I noticed that you consulted with your client.
He agrees that you have that authority to make this stipulation?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, when and where were you born ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Pool. Are you an American citizen ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel

The Chairman. We will not have any demonstrations.

Mr. Kornegay. — feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by the constitutional
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

The Chairman. I now order and direct you to answer the question
before last, which is simply laying the foundation, which is pre-
liminary in identifying you, namely when and where were you born ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrinjinate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Pool. Mr. Chairman?

The Chairjvian. Mr, Pool.

Mr. Pool. Do you honestly feel that it would incriminate you to
admit that you are an American citizen ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfuly decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrimmate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. The question is such that the Chair feels obligated
to direct you to answer it. I can't see how anything incriminating is
involved in admission or denial of American citizenship.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, I state it to you as a fact, and ask
you to affirm or deny the fact, that you were bom on September 10,
1928, in Sampson County, North Carolina.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you are a graduate of Pine Grove, North Carolina, high
school.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, under the terms of the subpena served
upon you, and an attachment thereto which was made a part of the
subpena, you were ordered and directed to produce items called for
in five paragraphs.

1792 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

I will now read to you paragraph No. 1 :

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda relating to the
organization of an the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible Empire,
United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as the
United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and affiliated or-
ganizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service, in your possession, custody or
control, or maintained by you or available to you as Grand Dragon, Realm
(State) of Virginia of the Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku
Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as the United Klans of America, Inc.,
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

I now demand the production of those documents in accordance
with the terms of the subpena.

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by this conmiittee under subpena
dated October 4, 1965, for that information is not relevant and ger-
mane to the subject under investigation, and the same would not aid
the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor
is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated
by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Reso-
lution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to deliver to this connnittee
the documents requested for I honestly feel that to do so might tend
to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me
by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United
States of America.

The Chairman. We have been through this before, but we have
to establish a, record in each instance.

Mr. Chalmers, I take it that you admit and speak for your client
that he has been in the room and that he is familiar with the opening
statement I made regarding the relevancy and pertinency, from our
point of view, of the documents sought to be produced.

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir; that is so stipulated.

The CHAmMAN. And I take it that, speaking for your client, you
stipulate that for the reasons indicated in other instances of appearance
before this committee, that the committee takes the position that his
reasons for refusing to produce them are not well founded. Is that
correct?

Mr. Chalmers. If they are not well founded ?

Tlie Chahiman. I mean from our point of view.

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. And I think you also would stipulate, as you did
in previous instances, that the subpena was served on him and ordered
liim to produce those documents mentioned in paragraph 1 of the
attachment to the subpena in his capacity as Grand Dragon, Realm
(State) of Virginia of the Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights
of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as the United
Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

Mr. Chalmers. Sir, if you recall what I said yesterday after-
noon

The Chairman. Well, you state it.

Mr. Chalmers. I will stipulate what the subpena shows, that it
was served.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1793

The Chairman. In other words, since your client does not admit
that lie is Grand Dragon, you don't wish to testify for him in that
respect, but you admit that tlie subpena calls for him to do that, in
that capacity.

Mr. Chalmers. In that capacity ; yes, sir.

The Chah^man. And I understand the stipulations we have just
entered into, you on behalf of your client, and me as chainnan speak-
ing for the committee, will apply to all {pertinent paragraphs in this
attachment relative to the production of other documents without
the necessity of our having to repeat the stipulation in each instance,

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Aiid I will be accorded the privilege of saying for
the reasons already indicated, he will be directed to produce them.

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

May I suggest this to the chairman in the interest of time? I
don't know whether it can be done. But in the interest of time and
saving a lengthy record, could we also stipulate, you for the committee
and me for my client, that his answers to your direction with respect to
the other paragraphs in the subpena will be the same.

The Chairman. That is satisfactory.

Mr. Chalmers. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman. Now, Mr. Kornegay, I order and direct you to
produce all the documents called for by the subpena duces tecum in
paragraph 1.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Kornegay. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to this com-
mittee any and all records as requested by this committee under
subpena dated October 4, 1965, for that information is not relevant
and germane to the subject imder investigation, and the same would
not aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial
legislation, nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be
investigated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by
House Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee those documents
called for and requested in the subpena for I honestly feel that the
delivery of these documents might tend to incriminate me in violation
of my rights as guaranteed to me by the amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of
the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Mr. Chalmers, I think to be perfectly clear I must
ask you to stipulate that you understand that the reason for this
direction is pursuant to our understanding of the jurisprudence, and
that that indicates we don't agree with his refusal, and that his refusal
to produce these documents pursuant to the subpena may lead to a
citation by the House for contempt.

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir; I discussed that with my client and he is
thoroughly familiar with it.

I was just wondering, Mr. Chairman, for the record, with respect
to the otiier items, 2, 3, 4, and 5, is there any further need for any
stipulation in connection therewith?

The Chairman. I personally think, and I am asking our counsel
to look them over, that it would be sufficient to have one more direc-
tion to produce tlie documents called for by the other paragraphs.
I don't know how many there are.

1794 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Chalmers. AVhatever the chainnan thinks is best.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Koniegay, under the tenns of the subpena, you
were ordered to bring with you and produce items called for in an
attachment which was made part of the subpena, part 2 :

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda relating to
the organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible
Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known
as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and aflSliated
organizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service, the Realm (State) of North
Carolina and Capital City Restoration Association, in your possession, custody
or control, or maintained by or available to you as an ofBcer or employee of the
Realm (State) of North Carolina, of the Invisible Empire, United Klan.s, Knights
of the Ku Klux Klan of America, also known as the United Klans of America.
Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

The Chairman. We have stipulated that you would read them all.
Mr. Appell. All right, sir.

(3) All books, records, docmnents, correspondence, and memoranda in your
possession, custody or control, or maintained by or available to you, in your
capacity as Grand Dragon, Realm (State) of Virginia, United Klans of America.
Inc, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, which the "Constitution and Laws" of said
organization authorize and require to be maintained by you and any other officer
of said organization, the same being in your possession, custody or control.

(4) All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda relating
to any insurance contracts between the Capital City Restoration Association and
the International Life and Accident Insurance Company.

(5) Copies of U.S. Treasury Department, Internal Revenue Service, Form
lOiO, [titled] "U.S. Individual Income Tax Return," for the calendar years 1958
through 1964, filed by you as an individual taxpayer with the U.S. Treasury
Department, Internal Revenue Service.

Mr. Kornegay, I call for you to produce the documents called for
by paragraphs 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Mr. Chairman, I have been advised by counsel that I should demand
each separately.

I now call for the production of those called for in paragraph 2.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

The Chairman. His answer should be with respect to each one.
He will have to answer to each of the demands.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 4, 1965, for that information is not relevant and ger-
mane to the subject under investigation, and the same would not
aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid, remedial legislation,
nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investi-
gated by Rule IV, of the House rules adopted by the 89th Congress,
by House Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee any documents as
requested for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so might tend
to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairman. For the reasons previously indicated, to which a
stipulation has been made by your counsel, Mr. Kornegay, I order
and direct you to produce the documents you were ordered to produce
by the subpena served upon you.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE V.S. 1795

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I resjDect fully decline to deliver to this committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 4, 1965, for that information is not relevant and
germane to the subject under investigation, nnd the same would not
aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid, remedial legisla-
tion, nor is siich inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be
investigated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress,
by House Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee any records or
documents as requested, for the reason that I honestly feel to do so
might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed
to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the
United States of America.

(At this point Mr. Ashbrook left the hearing room.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, I now ask you, under the conditions
and terms of the subpena, to produce those documents which I read
to you which are called for in paragraph 3.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. KoRisrEGAY. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 4, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane
to the subject under investigation, and the same would not aid the
Congress in consideration of any valid, remedial legislation, nor is such
inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee any and all
documents as requested for to do so I honestly feel might tend to
incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed by amend-
ments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I now ask for a direction for the pro-
duction of those documents called for in paragraph 3.

The Chairman. For reasons previously stated, and as to which a
stipulation has been made, Mr. Kornegay, I order and direct you to
produce those documents thus called for in paragraph 3 of the attach-
ment to the subpena served upon you.

Mr. Kornegay. Sir, I resj^ectfully decline to deliver to this com-
mittee any and all records as requested by this committee under sub-
pena dated October 4, 1965, for that information is not relevant and
germane to the subject under investigation, and the same would not
aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid, remedial legislation,
nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investi-
gated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee any and all docu-
ments as requested by the subpena for to do so I honestly feel might
tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me
by amendments, 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, under the conditions of the subpena
which called upon you to bring with you and to produce, I now demand
the production of those documents called for in paragraph 4.

1796 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 4, 1965, for that information is not relevant and ger-
mane to the subject under investigation, and the same would not aid
the Congress in the consideration of any valid, remedial legislation,
nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investi-
gated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee any and all rec-
ords as requested by the subpena for I honestly feel that to do so might
tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me
by amendments, 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, may I ask for a demand from the
Chair, sir?

The Chairman. For the reasons previously indicated, and as to
which a stipulation has been made with your counsel speaking for you,
Mr. Kornegay, I order and direct you to produce the documents
called for by paragraph 4 of the attachment to the subpena duces
tecum served upon you.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 4, 1965, for that information is not relevant and
germane to the subject under investigation, and the same would not
aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid, remedial legislation,
nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investi-
gated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee any and all
records as requested by the subpena for to do so I honestly feel might
tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me
by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, under the terms of the subpena served
upon you, which called for you to bring with you and to produce
documents, I now demand the production of those documents called
for in paragraph 5.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 4, 1965, for that information is not relevant and
germane to the subject under investigation, and the same would not
aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid, remedial legislation,
nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investi-
gated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8. adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee any and all
documents as requested by the subpena for to do so I honestly feel
might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed
to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the
United States of America.

The Chairman. Mr. Kornegay, paragraph 5, unlike paragraphs 1,
2, 3, and 4, calls for the production of your individual income tax

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAX IX THE U.S. 1797

returns. You have invoked the fifth amendment, the provisions of
the fifth amendment, against self-incrimination to that demand.

I now order you to produce the documents called for in paragraph
5.

Mr. KoRXEGAY. I respectfully decline

The Chairmax. Xo, I am not demanding.

In other words, I accept his invocation on paragraph 5.

Mr. Chal^iers. I am sorn>\

Mr. Appell. Mr. Komegay, would you give the committee a brief
resume of your employment background ?

Mr. KoRXTGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(At this point Mr. TTeltner left the hearing room.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I ask that the subpena be made a part
of the record at this point, and I ask that all additional documents be
offered in evidence in the order in which they are presented.

The Chatkmax. That course will be followed, Mr. Exporter.

In preparing the record you will follow the rules previously an-
nounced, namely, that each document exliibited will be received in
sequence, in the order in which they have been referred to and
exhibited.

(Document marked "Marshall Kornegay Exhibit Xo. 1" and re-
tained in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Komegay, do you presently hold a license to en-
gage in the sale of insurance in the State of Xorth Carolina ?

Mr. Korxt:gay. I respect fiilly decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in ^'iolation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

^Mr. Appell. In 1957, did you lose your insurance license?

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact,
that in 1957 you lost your insurance license in the State of Xorth
Carolina.

Mr. KoRXEGAY. I respectfulh' decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrimmate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Coiistitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. I would like to read into the record documents ob-
tained from the Insurance Department of the State of Xorth Carolina
with respect to the insurance license held by Mr. Kornegay prior to
February of 1957.

The first letter is from the Soutliland Life Insurance Company,
addressed to Mr. Cecil Dimcan, Xorth Carolina Department of In-
surance, Raleigh, Xorth Carolina :

Re : Marshall Robert Kornegay.

Dear Cecil :

We advised your department Monday, February 25, 1957, to cancel the in-
surance license for the above named.

Mr. Kornegay left us at the close of business Friday, February 22, 1957, with-
out showing up his account. We have already this week found approximately
$100.00 shortage in two cases and we anticipate further shortage on this debit.

1798 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

We will advise you further as to the amount of the shortage and to what
action has been taken regarding same.

The Chairman. That is addressed to whom ?

Mr. Appell. That is addressed to Mr. Cecil Duncan of the North
Carolina Department of Insurance, signed by T. E. Williamson, Dis-
trict Manager, Southland Life Insurance Company.

I would now like to read a letter dated April 3, 1957, addressed to
Mr. M. R. Kornegay, Eoute 1, Turkey, Xorth Carolina :

Dear Me. Kornegay :

"We have completed the inspection of debit number 12, and we have found a
total shortage on this debit of $342.71. You have a credit in our office of $48.95,
deducting this amount from the total shortage would leave a balance of $293.76
As required by law under general statutes 14-96.1 this is being turned over
to the North Carolina Insurance Department as of today. I know you will want
to contact the Insurance Department immediately regarding this.

Sincerely yours,

/s/ T. E. Williamson,
T. E. Williamson,

District Manager.

I hand you this, Mr. Kornegay, and ask if you received the original
of this copy ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, I read to you a letter dated April 4,
1957:

Mr. M. R. Kornegay,
Route 1,
Turkey, N.C.

Dear Sir :

In accordance with G.S. 14-96.1 the Southland Life Insurance Company has
reported a shortage of $342.71 less $48.75 credits, leaving a net balance due at
this time of $293.76.

It is a violation of the criminal laws of this State to not properly account
for premiums collected while acting as a licensed agent and unless full restitu-
tion is made immediately it will be necessary for this Department to take
appropriate action. Your license has been cancelled and tagged.

Very truly yours,

C. C. Duncan,
Deputy Commissioner.

1 put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that
you did receive the original of the copy that I am now showing you.

( Document handed to witness.)

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated,

Mr. Appell, I would like to now read, Mr. Chairman, a letter
dated April 17, 1957, on the letterhead of the Southland Life Insurance
Company, from T. E. Williamson, District Manager, addressed to
Mr. C. C. Duncan, Deputy Commissioner of Insurance, North Caro-
lina Department of Insurance, Labor Building, Raleigh, North
Carolina :

Re : M. R. Kornegay

Dear Mr. Duncan :

As you will recall Mrs. Kornegay contacted you on April 8, 1957, and arranged
with you to make full settlement with us on Monday, April 15, 1957. As of this

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1799

date we have heard nothing from these folks, and would appreciate if you would
take what further action you see fit in this case.
Sincerely,

/s/ T. E. Williamson,
T. E. Williamson,

District Manager.

A letter on the letterhead of the Southland Life Insurance Com-
pany, dated April 26, 1957, on tlie stationery of T. E. Williamson,
District ^lanager, to Mr. C. C. Duncan, Deputy Commissioner, North
Carolina Department of Insurance, Labor Building, Raleigh, North
Carolina :

Re : M. R. Kornegay

Dear Cecil :

I am glad to advise that a friend of Mr. Kornegay's came by our office yesterday
and paid the shortage of $293.76 which was due by him. This gives us a complete
settlement with this man.
Sincerely,

/s/ Tom

T. E. Williamson,

District Manager.

Mr. Kornegay, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or
deny the fact, that you refused to repay the person from whom you
borrowed the money or who came in and paid off the indebtedness
which was reported by this firm.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. KoRXEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

(Documents marked "Marshall Kornegay Exhibits Nos. 2-A
through 2-E," respectively, and retained in committee files.)

The Chairman. Mr. Kornegay, I notice that you have been talking
to your counsel, which is absolutely proper. I want the record to show
that you are at perfect liberty to say that you did repay those funds.
I am saying that our information is as stated. I do not want you to
say later on that we kneAv all along this, thus, and the other thing, so
this is an opportunity to speak up at this time.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Koniegay, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you
to affirm or deny the fact, that you became a member of the United
Klans of America on July 3, 1964.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I hand you a copy of the oaths of allegiance issued to
Klansmen, I ask you to examine this document and to answer as to
whether or not this is the series of oaths which you took.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the gromids previously stated.

(Docmnent previously marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 4.")

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, did you speak at a public rally of the
United Klans on April 3, 1965, near China Grove, North Carolina ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

1800 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IX THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact that during the speech you stated that, during your speech
you advised the assembled people that you had been interviewed by
the FBI recently and that the agents advised you it was a violation
of law to carry a concealed weapon.

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, if you did not then, there and then, pull back your robe and
coat and display a holster and gim to the crowd and stated that you
always intended to wear this gun in the future.

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact that you generally carry a .25
caliber automatic pistol.

The Chairman. And he asked you whether you affirm or deny that
fact.

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you own two .303 British rifles and one 7.65 Argentine
Mauser.

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that on December 13, 1964, you demonstrated incendiary de-
vices for several Klansmen at a meetmg at your home.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that one of the incendiary devices was a capsule containing
powder which was dropped into a container of acid which, in turn, was
suspended in a container of gasoline. ^Vlien the acid ate through the
capsule, the powder was ignited which set off a minor explosion and
ignited the gasoline.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Was this demonstration, to your knowledge, known
by the Grand Dragon, Mr. James R, Jones ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. What was the purpose of this demonstration conducted
by you ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, prior to your becoming a paid employee
of the Klan, and a Grand Dragon for the State of Virginia, you had
not held steady employment ; is that not a fact ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1801

Mr. Appell. Ill 1960, were you employed by the Capital Sewing
Center, the Morse Sewinp: Center, and the Atlas Sewing Center, all of
Kaleigh, North Carolina ?

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. During the year 1961, did you have any employment
other than that with the Atlas Sewing Center ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Wasn't your total income for the year 1961 from the
Atlas Sewing Center $2,486 ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

The CiiAiRMAisr. I think that figure is being read from a copy of the
income tax return ; is it not, Mr. Appell ?

Mr. Appell. It is, sir.

The Chairman. Ask him if it is correct as reported.

Mr. Appell. I ask you if it is not a fact, I state to you that it is a
fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that that is what you
reported on your individual tax return for the year 1961.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. For the year 1962, 1 put it to you as a fact, and ask you
to affirm or deny the fact, that you were employed by Carolina Model
Homes, and received total income from that firm of $809.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that in the same year you were employed by Capitol Homes,
Inc., and received total income of $1,853.76.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that the total income which you reported in 1962 was $2,262.76.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that in 1963 you were employed by Summit Insurance Com-
pany of Raleigh, North Carolina, and received commissions and w\ages
totaling $2,379.15.

The Chairman. As reported on your income tax return.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I ask you if also in the year 1963 you were employed
by the Carolina Insurance Agency and received total income of
$1,343.30, and I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny it.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you reported total income for the year 1963 of $3,722.45,

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

1802 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Income tax returns for years 1961-1963 marked "Marshall Korne-
gay Exliibits Nos. 3-A through 3-C," respectively, and retained in
committee files.)

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that in 1965 you became a paid employee of the United Klans
of America, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and received salary from
an account maintained in the name of the United Klans of America,
care of James K. Jones, P.O. Box 321, Granite Quarrj^ , North Caro-
lina, maintained at the Wachovia Bank and Trast Company, Salis-
bury, North Carolina.

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Koniegay, I am now going to hand to you checks
dated July 5, 1965 ; July 10, 1965 ; July 16, 1965 ; July 23, 1965 ; August
1, 1965 ; August 6, 1965 ; August 14, 1965 ; Augiist 20, 1965.

These checks are on a check which has imprinted on the top '"United
Klans of America, Inc., P.O. Box 321, Granite Quarry, N.C." The
dates that I have mentioned appear on the checks. They say, "Pay
to the order of M. R. Kornegay $150.00," drawn on the Wachovia
Bank and Trust Company, Salisbury, North Carolina. Purpose for
which drawn : "Salary & Expense."

There is then imprinted over two signatures "United Klans of
America, Inc., James E. Jones, Donald E. Leazer," or "Fred L.
Wilson."

The Chairman. And the checks are in what amounts ?

Mr. Appell. $150 each, eight checks totaling $1200. I put it to
you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that these checks
were issued to you and that these checks contain your endorsement on
the reverse thereof, as the person who cashed them or deposited them,
these checks.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

(At this point Mr. Weltner returned to the hearing room.)

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

(Documents previously marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-E."
See p. 1721.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, did the membership of the United Klans
in the State of North Carolina know that you were receiving $150 a
week salary from them, from their money ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, I hand you a document which is an
undated document, prepared earlier than the document to which I
referred this morning in interrogating Mr. Jones. This document is
signed "Mai-shall Robert Kornegay, Grand Klokard of N.C., Chair-
man— Car Committee."

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, at
the time this document was distributed to all Klans in the North
Carolina area that you held the position set forth on that document.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "Marshall Kornegay Exhibit No. 4" follows:)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1803

Marshall Kornegav Exhibit No. 4

to «' ■ -miTSi V r

Llatail balow It tha' Aooualt ••on uklt h*a paid oa the Jadlllaa up to tnl* dat«.

tTklt ■oAbcrt Halt •osVcr:

2? — Dttua •iZt'.OO ^3 ».« 3/var-.d $e">.uO

37 — r»r«Tin« 100.00 si _, Atki..»oa J^.?*,

US — B»al«Tlll« i^.OO 53 «_ Sr»«i;fia» 2^.. 00

10 — ar««Btber« 59*00 ^^ — H«aUr»<» .^.00

Q — IXtrhu 5«.00 11 ^ Hlch Polit 2t>-00

U ~ VlUlMi.U* 50.00 1+6— Ollrij. ^5.00

2U — tookj MouBt 50.00 3? — Ocld.oorc 2^.35

29 — Loul.burt "lO.OO \-^ ^ lafltM 20. X
•♦1 — l*a»U^ 50.00 UO — S^uok* laplli 20.00
35 — >l«l«Xi Cr««k 50.C»0 27 ». Bl»oo« 2J.00
33 — !•« larm 50.00 Sidlib-i.T' lAd;«* 2J.00
51 — I««hTlll« 50.00 19 — ?ittit>oro 19.00
1*3 — Tarbor* 50.00 i — j.ieith L*dl«« W-OO

30 — larllft* 50.00 3I — Wil«»m li.OO
3U — OwrirTllla U5,00 9 — l«»ul»trur« Ladlaa 15.00

1 ~. S«llab«i7 U2.00

Tk\t !• • ooablAvd total of $1.314. 59.

Tallow Zlaiassaa, tha tlaa for tmr pa^ off oa ttUt auto la ropldljr ooalac arouad.
Wa hara oaly $M)2.29 laft la tba oar fua& at thla tlaa. la jou oaa aaa by tha fleoxaa.
wa vatt hara a a^bataalal aaoaat aaat la t» pajT off tkla obllcatloa.

Va hara raalarad ao»a aoaa^ frea 31 ualta (laoladlaf 3 Ladlaa oalta) which 0BI7
Clvaa «• 28 »«a'a oalta oooparatla^.

Aooordlac ^ *)>• ^«* ^^a* hara halp*d, wa aaat £«t approzlBatal/ 1175.00 par
malt to pay tba a«o«at off.

If roar «alt haan't ooatrlbutad •ay aonay, plaaaa sand ■• a ohadc aa aooa aa j

peaaibla. If yov hara aaat a aaall a»o\iat plaaaa aaka up tha dlffaraaoa to tha full
aaouat af tlT^.OO If at all poaalbla.

I would Ilka to thaak paraonall/ aach and arary Xlaaaaan that haa halpad the oar
oeaalttaa la thla traaaadoaa uadartaktnx. I vould alao Ilka to ai^ that our Sread
Dra^a haa appraolatad tha loaor baitowad opon hla, by all of ua^ aora thaa worda ooultl
avar ooara^.

Thla baaatlfal aato haa baaa oaa ef tha ahlala^ azaaplaa of whlta aaa cattla^
tac«tbar la (raat ohow ef Xlaaaaaaahlp.

k» /«« kaow tha worda of our oaih ualta ua la a atron^ ooekob boad of fallevarxp
aaoh aaa for aach othar aad tha (rvop for aaoh aaa.

Lot ma ooatiaaa to ba brothara aad to ataad up for what wa kaow la rl^t.

Tha VoA tiy*A rli^t to bo whlta aad tha &od c^raa rlcht to ba fraa.

•oaA Maoj to| Mr. M. >. Xoraaca/. !>• 0. Box 9^83, Balalfh. H. 0.
Th*ak /<« Irothar CLaaaaaai

Marahall lobart Koraacay

Oraad Klokard of I. 0*

Ohalisaa - Oar Ooaalttoo ^

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like the record to show — and
I am not going to deal with the dollar signs of the money that had
been paid into the Cadillac fund because I have referred to that and
it is in the record of this morning

The Chairman. Give a resume of the document.

1804 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. The thing I wanted to do, Mr, Chairman, is that the
document this morning says that from, let's say, Sanford, there was so
much money received. I would like to show in the record at this time
that the unit number of the Klavern is shown on this document.
Therefore, the unit in Dunn is Unit 22 ; the unit in Fannville is Unit
No. 37 ; the unit in Beulaville is No. 48-

The Chairman. By unit, do you mean Klaveni ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir. That is the number assigned to tlie Klavern.

The imit in Greensboro is Unit 10 ; the unit in Durham is No. 9 ; the
unit in Williamston is No. 4; the unit in Rocky Mount is No. 24; the
unit in Louisburg is No. 29 ; the unit in Raleigh is No. 41 ; the unit in
Blounts Creek is No. 35 ; the unit at New Bern is No. 33 ; the miit at
Nashville is No. 51 ; the unit at Tarboro is No. 43 ; the unit at Norlina
is No. 30; the unit at Cherry ville is No. 34; the unit at Salisbury is
No.l.

Incidentally, Mr. Chairman, the committee's investigation estab-
lished that even under the days of the old U.S. Klan, the unit in Salis-
bury was also No. 1.

The unit at Sanford is No. 23 ; the unit at Atkinson, No. 26 ; the unit
at Greenville is 53 ; the unit at Henderson is 47 ; the unit at High Point
is 11 ; the unit at Clinton is No. 46 ; the unit at Goldsboro is 38 ; the
unit at Enfield is No. 39 ; the unit at Roanoke Rapids is 40 ; the unit at
Biscoe is 27 ; the Salisbury ladies receive no unit number ; the unit at
Pittsboro is 19; the Raleigh ladies are given a unit designation of 6.
The Wilson unit is No. 31 and the Louisburg ladies unit is No. 9.

Mr. Komegay, there was put into the record this moniing through
Mr. Jones a report, sent out as a compliment to a letter signed by him,
a report on the car from the car committee and yourself as chainnan
showing that $4,522.59 had been sent in and that there had be^n paid
out $4,522.59. Tliere is a typed signature of "M. R. Komegay, Chair-
man Car Committee." The enclosure announced that you were then
at that time Grand Dragon of Virginia.

Did you prepare this document which I now hand you?

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

(Documents previously marked "James Jones Exhibits Nos. 18-A
and 18-B," respectively. See pp. 1746, 1747.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, in a State meeting in March 1965, were
you elected to the position of klokard, or reelected to the position of
klokard?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you were present at that State meeting.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that at that State meeting, James R. Jones was elected Grand
Dragon, Grady Mars was elected Grand Klaliff ; that you, yourself,
were elected grand klokard ; that Reverend Roy Woodle was elected
grand kludd; that Fred Wilson was elected grand klabee; that Robert
Reaves was elected grand kladd; that Mr. Albert Outlaw was elected

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1805

grand klarogo; that Mr. Clarence Brindle was elected o;rand klexter;
and that Boyd Hamby Avas elected grand night-hawk.

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfnlly decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, were you the originator of the forma-
tion of a hospital-surgical insurance plan underwritten by the Inter-
national Life

Mr. KoRNEiGAY. I respectfully decline

Mr. Appell. I haven't finished yet. — the International Life and
Accident Insurance Company with the Capital City Restoration As-
sociation?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

(Documents marked "Marshall Kornegay Exhibit No. 5" and re-
tained in committee files. A list of applicants for such group hos-
pitalization policies appears on pp. 1814-1818.)

Mr. Appell. Were you a member of the Capital City Restoration
Association ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you were a member of the Capital City Restoration
Association.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact that in the adoption of this
insurance program — and I ask you to affirm or deny the fact — the
Klans within the State, the Klaverns within the State of North Caro-
lina, were told that the first month's premiums would be used to pay
the expenses of Grand Dragon Jones and that a portion thereof would
revert to the Klaverns.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that there was paid to you in the fonn of commissions from
November of 1964 through May of 1965, in the form of new com-
missions and renewal commissions, the total of $3,562.74.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, it is the committee's information that
International Life and Accident Insurance Company sold out in early
June or July of 1965 to the Life Insurance Company of Florida and
that, following this transaction the Life Insurance Company of Flo-
rida determined that what was being written was not insurance for
what they considered to be a legitimate fraternal organization, but
that of the Ku Klux Klan, and that the new owners of the insurance
company ordered that the policies be canceled and that refunds be
made on all premiums paid covering periods that had not lapsed.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Weltner. What was the date of that action by the owners of
the company ?

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1 19

1806 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Weltner, we have a letter here

The Chairman. Just give the date.

Mr. Appell. June 3, 1965. The pro rata refund of unearned
premiums and adjustments of commissions would be made on or before
June 20, 1965.

Mr. Weltner. What was the initial date of the coverage?

Mr. Appell. The initial date of the coverage ?

Mr. Weltner. How long had the plan been in effect ?

Mr. Appell. According to the documents which we subpenaed and
received from Mr. E. B, Royal, a former owner of the International
Life and Accident Insurance Company, Mr. Kornegay received pre-
miums or commissions on this from November — and the exact date in
November is not stated — 1964 through May of 1965.

Mr. Weltner. Thank you.

Mr. Appell. November through May of 1965, and total commissions
paid to Mr. Kornegay were $3,562.74.

Mr. Kornegay, did this cause a great deal of dissension among the
Klansmen in North Carolina, the fact that some of them had paid
premiums for 4 or 5 months, had had no illnesses, and all of a sudden
their policies were cancelled on them ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

(Documents marked "Marshall Kornegay Exhibit No. 6" and re-
tained in committee files.)

The Chairman. Isn't it a fact that there was a considerable ruckus
and dissatisfaction among the membership in view of the cancellation
of their policies and the small refimds made to them compared to the
full amount they had paid?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, according to the files that we received,
you had a contract with Mr. R. B. Royal in which you signed a con-
tract to operate in Raleigh, North Carolina, a branch office of the
Carolina Insurance Agency.

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that
Mr. Royal found it necessary to terminate his contract with you.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to read into the record a
letter dated June 21, 1965, addressed to Mr. M. R. Kornegay, P.O.
Box 9183, Raleigh, North Carolina :

Dear Bob :

Shortly after our last visit I took a vacation which lasted for almost two weeks.
I arrived in the oflSce again this date and upon examining the reports I find you
have not submitted any new business nor have you remitted any renewal
premiums. I checked the lapses for April and May and found you had a total
of .$159.60 in monthly premium. Some of these were advance pay cases, but I
broke it down to show our monthly premium losses.

During our last visit we both discussed our future careers and as I told you
mine is in the insurance business. I realize you are interested in another cause
and I further relize [sic] a person has to devote their talents to any endeavor
they are most interested in. I feel as though you have lost interest in the
insurance business, but due to my investment I am going to have to continue
to stay in this field. You know the history behind the Raleigh oflBce and I am

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1807

sure you relize [sic] this has beeu a very costly oi>eratiou from tlie date of or gin
[sic.]. I feel that you can only say that I have treated you fairly and I would
like to also feel that we are going to continue to be friends in the future. I am
going to either close the office or appoint another person in Raleigh who will
devote their full time to my business. If you desire to keep the office you are
in I will make arrangements to move the furniture on or before July 1, 1965.
Please advise the landlord of your intentions upon receipt of this letter.

Regards,
R. B. Royal

Did you receive the original of this letter, Mr. Kornegay ?

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "Marshall Kornegay Exhibit No. 7" and re-
tained in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. That letter, Mr. Kornegay, was dated June 21, 1965.

I read a letter dated Carolina Insurance Agency, Post Office Box
9183, Raleigh, North Carolina, June 25, 1965. "Mr. R. B. Royal,
President, Carolina Insurance Agency Ins., Greensboro, North
Carolina'' :

Dear Mr. Royal :

Since receiving your letter of dismissal dated June 21, 1965, I have given a lot
of thought to this matter and contacted an attorney and I do not propose to go
along with some of the things in said letter.

I this date ask for a conference between your attorney and you, my attorney
and me as soon as possible.

Let's try to work this meeting within the next few days and then you can
move the furniture.

Very truly yours,
/s/ M. R. Kornegay
M. R. Kornegay

(At this point Mr. Weltner left the hearing room.)

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that this is a copy of the original letter wliich you wrote to
Mr. R. B. Royal.

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "Marshall Kornegay Exhibit No. 8" and re-
•tained in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you
to affirm or deny the fact, that Mr. Royal paid off for you promissoi^
notes, made good on checks which bounced for insufficient funds, paid
for telephone calls that were not insurance business, and that when
you left his employment you owed him the sum of $1,435.22.

(AVitness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, I would like to ask you wliether you
possess any knowledge of how, why, and who had anything to do with
the burning of a cross on the lawn of the Governor's Mansion, former
Governor Terry Sanf ord, on August 14, 1964.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

1808 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. I ask you if you possess any knowledge with respect to
the placing and setting off of a cross, the burning of a cross, on Febru-
ary 23, 1965, in front of the Rev^erend Frank Hutchinson's home, 913
South West Street, Raleigh ?

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appbll. Mr. Chairman, I have no further questions to ask this
witness at this point.

I do have another item, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. Kornegay, I would like to ask you if it is a fact, from the in-
formation that the staff has gathered during its investigation, that
the reason you were appointed Grand Dragon in Virginia was because
of the resentment within the Klan against you in the State of North
Carolina ?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I ask you if it is a fact, as our investigation estab-
lished, that several members of the Klan, because of your conduct,
had threatened you personally prior to your going to Virginia?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that at a meeting of the Rocky Mount Klavern
on March 13, 1965, you addressed the group and spoke concerning
Selma, Alabama, racial demonstrations, and that in the course of your
presentation, and I will summarize this, you indicated that there was
a definite need for mass killing in Selma, Alabama, before things could
get back to normal.

I ask you to affirm or deny that.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I have no further questions.

The Chairman. Mr. Pool.

Mr. Pool. Mr. Chairman, in listening to the testimony here,
especially the testimony on the actions of the witness in regards to
bringing the records before the committee, I don't intend to advise
him as counsel. He has a lawyer with him and I respect the lawyer's
counseling. But I want to point out that in Arthur McPhmil versus
the United States of America, which was decided by the Supreme
Court on November 14, 1960, Mr. Justice "\^niitaker delivered this
opinion, and I will just cite the reference to the question we have
had before us today.

It was a similar case where the witness had been subpenaed to
bring records and correspondence and things like that pei-taining to
the organization to a certain committee. This was before the House
Committee on Un-American Activities, Mr. Justice T^Hiitaker in his
opinion, and the opinion was upheld by the Supreme Court, or, rather,
speaking for the court, said this in his opinion :

The Fifth Amendment did not excuse petitioner from producing the records of
the Civil Rights Congress, for it is well settled that "[b]ooks and records kept 'in
a representative rather than in a personal capacity cannot be the subject of
the personal privilege against self-incrimination, even though production of the
papers might tend to incriminate [their keeper] personally.' * * *."

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1809

Here is another part of his opinion —

"* * * a decent respect for the House of Representatives, by whose authority the
subpoenas issued, would have required that [he] state [his] reasons for non-
compliance upon the return of the writ." * * *

In view of that, I Avill ask both the witness before us and also his
attorney if they care to ])roduce the records ?

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Pool, may I state that I am thoroughly familiar
with that opinion you have just read from, and we have been ordered
by the Chairman to deliver the records. He has directed us to do it.
We have declined to do it.

Mr. Pool. And you are going to stand on the record as made by
you and your client ?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Have you anything else, Mr. Appell ?

Mr. Appell. No, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. Mr. Buchanan.

Mr. Buchanan. Mr. Chairman, I have no questions of this witness
but I would like to make one statement. This committee is engaged
in a solemn legislative purpose. As I undei*stand it, it is our job, and
we have had a mandate to do this, to look into an organization or a
group of organizations to determine their nature of activities, to see
whether there is a need for a legislative action or remedy. This is
our purpose as a committee of the Congress.

In line with that purpose, one of the ways in which you understand
an organization and come to evaluate that organization is by looking
at its leadership and at the character and caliber of its leadership.

It seems to me that we have been doing a good bit of this in the
hearings today. I just want to point out that this is a way to evaluate
and to come to understand an organization, by taking a look at its
leadership. In this connection, Mr. Chairman, I said this in order
to say this, that I rather regret personally my earlier slip of the tongue
in which I referred to the Imperial Wizard as the "Inferior Lizard,"
not particularly because my opinion of Mr. Shelton has changed in the
last hour, but because seriously this is not a place, of course, for name-
calling or for personal opinion, so much as for developing evidence
and hearing testimony to understand an organization.

I think we could say, and I think anyone w^ho has attended these
hearings would admit and testify^, we have shed light on the nature
of the leadership, the character and caliber of the leadership in this
organization in the hearings to date.

Tliank you, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman, I understand you overlooked one point, Mr. Appell.

Mr. Appell. Yes, Mr. Chairman, I overlooked one point.

Mr. Kornegay, the committee subpenaed from the Branch Bank
& Trust Company of Wilson, North Carolina, the checking account
of M. R. Kornegay and the Carolina Insurance Agency. An analysis
of this account shows that there was paid by check, stampecl to
identify it as "Carolina Insurance Agency, Inc.," and "P.O. Box
9001," it looks like, "Raleigh, North Carolina," eight checks totaling
$415 to J. R. Jones, all signed M. R. Kornegay.

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that
there are these eight checks totaling $415 with you as the maker and
with the payee as Mr. Jones.

1810

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Documents handed to witness.)

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

(Documents marked 'Marshall Kornegay Exhibit No. 9." One of
said checks follows; balance retained in committee files.)

Marshall Kornegay Exhibit No. 9

. A

I (I

■ , -V

0 ,'-

^ 2

i-^i S^ <i\^

- I

- J

CD r

I ^

Mr. Appell. Were these payments in the form of commissions to
Mr. Jones on insurance written under the contract between the Capital
City Restoration Association and International Life and Accident
Insurance Company?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1811

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I wish to point out, Mr. Chairman, that, as we ob-
served in other parts of the record, two of these checks payable to
Mr. Jones, one dated October 23, 1964, and one dated 11-6-64, did
not go into any bank account of Mr. Jones, but went to show a further
endorsement of the Mill Fabrics, Inc., and as these are 1964 this is
additional material purchased by Mr. Jones, of which we do not have a
record.

The president of Mill Fabrics explained the discrepancy to us by
saying that when a person comes into the store and pays cash he has
no invoice and, therefore, he did not have knowledge of additional pur-
chases by Mr. Jones.

Mr. Kornegay, I show you a series of checks, all but one on the im-
printed check of Carolina Insurance Agency, Inc., all with the maker
being M. E. Kornegay, checks dated 11-12-64, 11-25-64, 12-14-64,
12-16-64, 2-2-65, 7-8-65— there are six checks totaling $529, payable
to Al or Albert Outlaw, who has been identified in this record as an
official of the United Klans of America, Eealm of North Carolina.

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that
you are the maker of those checks and that Albert or Al Outlaw is the
recipient of the money.

(Docuinen-ts handed to witness.)

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the gromids previously stated.

(Documents marked "Marshall Kornegay Exliibit No. 10." One
of said checks follows; balance retained in committee files.)

Marshall Kornegay Exhibit No. 10

C.A'fkO

Bn*N<H BANKit*G a Trust Co

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or
deny the fact, that instead of this money going to the Klaverns, that
it was really annomiced as a plan at the start of the program that
this money was paid to an official of the Klan, Albert or Al Outlaw
as premiums for insurance that he sold.

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the groimds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. In examining your bank account, Mr. Kornegay, we
could only find checks payable to the Farmers & Merchants Bank

1812 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

towards the automobile, the Cadillac, given or donated to Mr. Jones
in the amount of $1956.

HoAv was the balance of this money collected by j^ou handled, and
what was its depository ?

Mr. KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

(Documents marked "Kornegay Exhibit No. 11.'' One check fol-
lows; balance retained in committee files.)

Marshall Kornegav Exhibit No. 1 1

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, did any part of the money submitted
to you by Klaverns

(Witness confers with counsel. )

The Chairman. I see there is a whisper between comisel and his
client. Let the record note that it is now exactly 5 o'clock, and when
that last question was asked, w^hatever time that was, perhaps a
minute or so ago, one of the members was on the telephone, and if
the whisper between client and attorney had to do with a lack of a
quorum, I ask you to repeat the last question.

Mr. Chalmers. No, sir; it did not, Mr. Chairman. And may I
state to you, sir, that we are not concerned about that.

The Chairman. On our own, I Avould adjourn right now if he had
not been in the room.

Mr. Chalmers. We will make no point of it anywhere along the
line.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Kornegay, as my last question, I must ask you
did any part of the money turned over to you by Klans, Klaverns or
indivirluals in payment of the automobile given to James R. Jones —
was any of that money appropriated by you for your own purpose?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I have no further questions.

The Chairman. Mr. Kornegay, what is the Capital City Restora-
tion Association? Honestly, what does it restore? What is the busi-
ness of it?

Mr. Kornegay. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1813

The Chairman. I am told by an i ii vest i<>:a tor that our investigation
reveals that this is one more front of a Klan organization. It is just
a Klavern.

One final question, the same I put to the previous witness: The
evidence established that you are the Grand Dragon of tlie United
Klans of America, Inc., for the State of Virginia. Under the consti-
tution and bylaws of the Ignited Klans of America, checks drawn on
their account, or accounts of the United Klans of America are required
to be authorized formally and specifically, as I recall, by the constitu-
tion and bylaws of the t'nited Klans of America, requiring that the
check be countersigned, with one signer required to be the treasurer,
whatever the nomenclature is in the organization, and, as I understand
it — and please correct me if I am wrong — as a Grand Dragon you
collaborated with, advised with, or sort of acted in some broad form
or other capacity with Mr. Shelton.

1 ask you, were you aware of the fact that two people in fact signing
the checks against the account of the United Klans of America, of
which Shelton is the Imperial Wizard, were allegedly a male named
James J. Hendrix, who turned out to be Mrs. Shelton, and another
man named T. M. Montgomery, who turned out to be Carol Long,
and that apparently to me, anyway, this was a ruse and a blind,
deliberately or purposely designed to hide ?

Were you aware of the fact that these two supposedly men were the
ladies I named ?

Mr, KoRNEGAY. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Pool. I have no further question, Mr. Chairman, in view of
the fact that we have a reluctant Dragon here before us.

The Chairman. The committee will stand in recess until 10 o'clock
tomorrow morning.

Before IVIr. Kornegay leaves, I want to tell you, Mr. Kornegay, that
you will remain under subpena until November 15.^

We will now stand in recess until 10 o'clock tomorrow morning.

(Subcommittee members present at time of recess: Representatives
Willis, Pool, and l^uchanan.)

(Whereupon, at 5:05 p.m., Thursday, October 21, 1965, the sub-
committee recessed, to reconvene at 10 a.m., Friday, October 22, 1965.)

[On the following pages is a list of applicants for group hospital-
ization policies referred to on pp. 1805 and 1898.]

1 Mr. Kornegay was not recalled, and on December 29, 1965, was discharged from further
appearance under his subpena.

[The following are applicants for group hospitalization policies
sponsored by the United Klans of America, Inc., Realm of North Caro-
lina, using cover name of Capital City Restoration Association.
Kornegay Exhibit No. 5, p. 1805.J

Name and address of

Name and address

Name and address of

Name and address

applicant

of unit

applicant

of unit

Addison, Elmore L., 3002 E.

Capital City Res-

Brown, Wade H., Route 1,

Capital City Res-

Greer St., Durham, N.C.

toration Assn.,

Box 260, Chinquapin, N.C.

toration Assn.,

P.O. Box 10484,

Raleigh, N.C.

Adkins, Berkley H., Route 7,

Do.

Bryan, Charles Sanford, P.O.

Do.

Burlington, N.C.

Box 321, Granite Quarry,

Albertson, John E., Route 1,

Do.

N.C.

Beulaville, N .0.

Bryant, Joseph C, 1917

Do.

Allen, Cushion Biggs, Route

Do.

Wood Dale Terrace,

3, Williamston.N.C.

Charlotte, N.C.

Anderson, George F., Box

Do.

Bullock, James Robert, Box

Do.

455, Bridgeton, N.C.

363, Chocowinity, N.C.

Anderson, Hilton D., Bo.x

Do.

Bunting, Jessie M., Route 2,

Do.

283, Chocowinity, N.C.

Box 503A, Greenville, N.C.

Anderson, John, Jr., Qenl.

Do.

Bushhousen, L. M., Route 1,

Do.

Del., Bridgeton, N.C.

Blounts Creek. N.C.

Anderson, Joseph R., Box

Do.

Butler, Marian Franklin,

Do.

113, Bridgeton, N.C.

Route 3, Dunn, N.C.

Anderson, Larry, Route 1,

Do.

Butler, Shelton Richardson,

Do.

Farmville, N.C.

Routes, Dunn, N.C.

Anderson, Pete, Route 1, Box

Do.

Byerly, Willis A., 414 Hodgin

Do.

134, New Bern, N.C.

St., High Point, N.C.

Askew, Lonnie E., 803 Cham-

Do.

Carter, Luther, 827 Argo St.,

Do.

pion St., Henderson, N.C.

Goldsboro, N.C.

Ayscue, John Scott, Route 1,

Do.

Carter, Raeford W., Route 1,

Do.

Henderson, N.C.

Blounts Creek, N.C.

Barber, Wilbert J., 503 Her-

Do.

Champion, Charlie S., Jr.,

Do.

ring St., Clinton, N.C.

321 Ranos Dr., Henderson,

Barbour, Lue Esther, Route

Do.

N.C.

1, Coats, N.C.

Clark, A. E., Clark's Bird

Do.

Barbour, Thomas E., Route

Do.

Game Farm, P.O. Box 241,

1, Coats, N.C.

BeulavlUe, N.C.

Barefoot, James Dewey,

Do.

Clark, Douglas A., P.O. Box

Do.

Routes, Dunn, N.C.

241, Beulaville, N.C.

Barefoot, R. E., Route 2,

Do.

Clark, Joe H., 432 Cedar St.,

Do.

Benson, N.C.

Henderson, N.C.

Bamhill, Donald M., Genl.

Do.

Clark, John Archie, Jr., Box

Do.

Del., Atkinson, N.C.

555, Zebulon, N.C.

Barringer, Melvin L., 305

Do.

Coats, Joseph Sherrill, Route

Do.

Union Hgts. Blvd.,

3. Dunn, N.C.
Coker, Joe, Route 1,

Salisbury, N.C.

Do.

Bass, Jerry Dawson, 500 N.

Do.

Whitakers, N.C.
Comer, William Thomas,

Wilson Ave., Dunn, N.C.

Do.

Bass, SherrillF., SOON.

Do.

P.O. Box 255, Norlina, N.C.

Wilson Ave., Dunn, N.C.

Cooley, Ervln, Route 3, Box
35, Elm City, N.C.

Do.

Bates, David, Route 2, Box

Do.

291. China Grove, N.C.

Corbett, F. M., Route 1, Box

Do.

Beasley, Elmer, Route 7

Do.

113, Fountain, N.C.

Raleigh, N.C.

Corriher, Carrie M., Route 4,

Do.

Blalock, Jack II., Box 602,

Do.

Box 544, Salisbury, N.C.

Apex, N.C.

Council, Jessie A., Route 3,

Do.

Boggs, Garland Gene, Route

Do.

Box 508, Williamston, N.C.

3, Williamston, N.C.

Cox, Robert A., Box 136,

Do.

Bowen, Allen T., Route 1,

Do.

Blounts Creek, N.C.

Box 51fi, Ayden, N.C.

Cox, Walter T., R.F.D. 5,

Do.

Brantley, Cornelius F., Box

Do.

Lexington, N.C.

13, Bunn. N.C.

Cox, Zennie, Box 93, Apex,

Do.

Brantley, David P., Route 2,

Do.

N.C.

Zebulon, N.C.

Crowder, Joini W., 403 Penny

Do.

Brantley, Frances C, P.O.

Do.

Street, Garner, N.C.

Box 13, Bunn, N.C.

Crowell, Arthur Lee, 121 N.

Do.

Brigman, Nancy B., 304

Do.

Clay Street, Salisbury,

Metideta Ave., Lexington,

N.C.

Crowell. Mary Ann. 121 N.

Do.

Brown, Robert 11., 2223

Do.

Clay Street, Salisbury,

Rumson Rd., Raleigh, N.C.

N.C.

1814

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1815

Name and address of

Name and address

Name and address of

Name and address

applicant

of unit

applicant

of unit

Curlings, John W., 1412 W.

Capital City Res-

Hicks, James R., 218 Gary

Capital City Res-

Gold Street, Wilson, N.C.

toration Assn.,

Street, Henderson, N.C.

toration Assn. ,

P.O. Box 10484,

Raleigh, N.C.

Davis, Alonzo Redd, Route

Do.

Hilburn, James H., Route 7,

Do.

3, Raleigh, N.C.

Raleigh. N.C.

Davis, Kenneth \V.,2202S.

Do.

Hinkle, Clyde V., 28 W. Green

Do.

William, Goldsboro, N.C.

Street, Thomasville, N.C.

Davvault, Frank, Route 1,

Do.

Hinton, James D., Route 1,

Do.

Box 409, Kannapolis, N.C.

Zebulon, N.C.

Deese, Robert W., Route 7,

Do.

Hinton, James D.. Jr., Route

Do.

Box 237, Salisbury, N.C.

1, Zebulon, N.C.

Demery, Joseph T., Jr..

Do.

Hoffman, David E., 1006 Law-

Do.

Route 3, Box 327, Tarboro,

rence Street, Sanford. N.C.

N.C.

Holton. W.A., Route 1. Box

Do.

Duke, Anna G., Route 4,

Do.

352, New Bern, N.C.

Box 1, Salisbury, N.C.

Hope. Ruby Ray, 710 W.

Do.

Dunn, Wilbur, Route 1, Box

Do.

James Street, Raleigh, N.C.

327, Fountain, N.C.

Hudgins. G. M., 1001 S. Glen-

Do.

Eason, Lester L., Route 3,

Do.

burnie Road, New Bern.

Box 204, Tarboro. N.C.

N.C.

Edwards, Charlie, Box 74,

Do.

Hudgins, Robert E., 411 Doro-

Do.

Grimesland, N.C.

thy Drive. Gary, N.C.

Emory, Ernest C, 824 Green-

Do.

Humphrey. Stanley, 401 S.

Do.

wich Street, Raleigh, N.C.

East R.R., Wallace, N.C.

Evans, CullumN., 408

Do.

Hunt, Andrew Jackson, 508

Do.

Montgomerv St., Hender-

E. Franklin Street, Raleigli,

son, N.C.

N.C.

Fearrington, Paul E., Chapel

Do.

Hunt, B. R., South Church

Do.

Hill, N.C.

St. Ext., Rocky Mt., N.C.

Fields, John T., P.O. Box

Do.

Hurley, Euyless Grant.

Do.

1639, Durham, N.C.

Route 5, Sanford, N.C.

Fisher, James, P.O. Box 321,

Do.

Hurt, Paul T., Route 1, Box

Do.

Farmville, N.C.

139, Grantsboro, N.C.

Fisher, Sonny Jay, P.O. Box

Do.

Jackson, Henry. Route 3

Do.

321, Farmville, N.C.

(c/o A. C. Fowler). Dunn,

Flowers, Paul W., Route 4,

Do.

N.C.

Zebulon, N.C.

Jacobs, Dollie, 1010 Chester

Do.

Forsythe, Luther, Jr., Route

Do.

St., Durham, N.C.

1, Knightdale, N.C.

Jernigan, George Alton.

Do.

Foshee, Alfred, Route 2,

Do.

Routes. Dunn, N.C.

Bear Creek, N.C.

Jernigan, Robert H., Route

Do.

Foskey, Arnie, Route 4, Box

Do.

5, Dunn, N.C.

60B, Greenville, N.C.

Johnson, Arthur E., Route 2,

Do.

Fowler. WlUie, Route 1, Box

Do.

Wake Forest, N.C.

35, Clinton, N.C.

Johnson, David P., Route 2,

Do.

Freeman, Velton Lee, Route

Do.

Wake Forest, N.C.

5, Sanford, N.C.

Johnson, Jesse, Route 2, Box

Do.

Fulcher, David, Route 1,

Do.

5A, Greenville, N.C.

Ernul, N.C.

Johnson, Ned R., 615 Monroe

Do.

Garner, Preston N., Route C,

Do.

Dr., Raleigh, N.C.

Sanford, N.C.

Jones, Charles E., P.O. Box

Do.

Gaskins, Luther Earl, Route

Do.

194, Bridgeton, N.C.

5, Box 300, New Bern, N.C.

Jones, Clara I., P.O. Box 194,

Do.

Gaskins, Vernal, 1313 S.

Do.

Bridgeton, N.C.

Washington, Greenville,

Jones. Edwin, Route 1, Mt.

Do.

N.C.

Olive, N.C.

Gladden, Samuel Leon,

Do.

Jones, James R., Box 321.

Do.

Route 3, Sanford. N.C,

Granite Quarry, N.C.

Godwin, Kenneth Wayne,

Do.

Joyner, Wiley G., Raleigh

Do.

Route .5, Dunn, N.C.

Rd. Ext., Box 557, Rocky

ariflan. Bobby A., Route 8,

Do.

Mt., N.C.

Box 99, Raleigh. N.C.

Kersey, Belvin, 419 Bizzell

Do.

Halloman. Levi, 109 Park-

Do.

St., Clinton, N.C.

view, Wilson, N.C.

Kidd, Eddie L.. 918 Jackson

Do.

Halloman, Patsy Rose, 109

Do.

St., Roanoke Rapids. N.C.

Parkview, Wilson. N.C.

Kinton, Jerry S., Route 3,

Do.

Hardee, Linwood. Route 2,

Do.

Sanford. N.C.

Box 34. Farmville, N.C.

Kornegay. Herbert, Route 6,

Do.

Harding, Berble, Route 1,

Do.

Gainey Dr., Goldsboro,

Chocowinity, N.C.

N.C.

Hardison, William E., Route

Do.

Kornegay, Marshall R., 4312

Do.

3, Dunn, N.C.

Wedgewood Dr., Raleigh,

Harris, Amos M.. Route 8.

Do.

N.C.

Box345, Salisbury, N.C.

Lambert, Robert R., Route

Do.

Hearn, Cleveland F., Box 0,

Do.

6, Box 248(?), Goldsboro,

Colon. N.C.

N.C.

Hefner, D. C, Sr., Route 2.

Do.

Lancaster, Lester R., 1103

Do.

Bear Creek, N.C.

Albemarle Avenue,

Herrin, John C, Parkers Drug

Do.

Tarboro, N.C.

Store, Henderson, N.C.

1816

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Name and address of

Name and address

Name and address of

Name and address

applicant

of unit

applicant

of unit

Lassiter, Earl, Box 103, Snow

Capital City Res-

Newton, Robert A., Route 1

Capital City Res-

Hill.N.C.

toration Assn.,

Henderson, N.C.

toration Assn.,

P.O. Box 10484,

Raleigh, N.C.

Leazer, Donald E., Route 3,

Do.

Norris Willie Earl, Route 1,

Do.

Box 608, Salisbury, N.C.

Box 118A, Garner, N.C.

Leonard, Arthur C, 517 E.

Do.

Norville, Betty L., Box 63,

Do.

Bank St., Salisbury, N.C.

Falkland, N.C.

Lewis, Henry, Route 1-70,

Do.

Norville O.L., Box 03,

Do.

Blounts Creek, N.C.

Falkland, N.C.

Lewis, Joseph, Jr., Route 1,

Do.

Nyberg, John H., 1423 Spen-

Do.

Blounts Creek, N.C.

cer Ave., New Bern, N.C.

Lewis, L. W., Route 1,

Do.

O'Dell, Cannon R., Route 1,

Do.

Blounts Creek, N.C.

Rockwell, N.C.

Lewis, Robert, Genl. Del.

Do.

O'Neal, Linwood Earl, Route

Do.

Elm City, N.C.

2-P, Bailey, N.C.

Linton, Robert, 1901 B.

Do.

Outlaw, Oza Albert, 3153

Do.

Maple St., Goldsboro, N.C.

Stanhope Ave., Raleigh,

Lockamy, Robert Dwight,

Do.

N.C.

4312 Wedgewood Dr.,

Overcash, David, 306 Union

Do.

Raleigh, N.C.

Hgts. Blvd, Salisbury, N.C.

Lovic, Lynn, 108 N. Waverly

Do.

Parker, Chester, Route 5,

Do.

St., FarmviUe, N.C.

Dunn, N.C.

Lowery, William T., 108

Do.

Partin, C.Allen, Box 47,

Do.

Hickory St., Lexington,

Siler City, N.C.

N.C.

Peaks, Rannie, Route 2, Box

Do.

Lucas, Willie Harold, Route

Do.

249, WUliamston, N.C.

3, Dunn, N.C.

Perry, Herbert M., Route 3,

Do.

Lynch, Jimmy W., 478 E.

Do.

Zebulon, N.C.

Main St., Clayton, N.C.

Perry, James L., 315 E. Whit-

Do.

Manning, Carl, 407 Perkins

Do.

aker Mill Rd., Raleigh,

Ave., Greenville, N.C.

N.C.

Marks, Gordon A., 620 Burch

Do.

Pike, Nathan R., 1505 Ay-

Do.

Ave., Durham, N.C.

cock St., Wilson, N.C.

Mars, Grady B., Areola

Do.

Pippin, Marion Ray, Route

Do.

Rural Sta., Warrenton,

2, Box 618, Washington,

N.C.

Marshbura, J. E., 2 Logan

Do.

Pittman, Ernest, Route 1,

Do.

Court, Raleigh, N.C.

Box 206, Enfield, N.C.

Martin, James K., R.F.D. 9-

Do.

Pittman, Vernon Ray, Route

Do.

122B, Lexington, N.C.

1, Box 206, Enfield, N.C.

Mauney, Bessie M., Route 2

Do.

Pollock, Donald R., 820 N.

Do.

(28021), Cherryville, N.C.

William St., Goldsboro,

Mauney, Everette F.,

Do.

N.C.

Route 2 (28021) Cherry-

Poole, George R., P.O. Box

Do.

ville, N.C.

562, Thomas ville, N.C.

McCracken, Francis O., 702

Do.

Powell, Eva Adkin, Route 2,

Do.

Grace St., High Point,

Lucoma, N.C.

N.C.

Powell, Lee, Route 2,

Do.

McCracken, Verlon, 710

Do.

Lucoma, N.C.

Paramount St., High

Powell, Walter Lee, Route 2,

Do.

Point, N.C.

Lucoma, N.C.

McCubbins, William R.,

Do.

Poythress, Forest, 110 N.

Do.

709 7th St., Spencer, N.C.

Main Street, Laurinburg,

McDuffle, William Douglas,

Do.

N.C.

Route 1, Biscoe, N.C.

Price, Johnnie A., 305 Mur-

Do.

Memory, George A., 413

Do.

ray St., Goldsboro, N.C.

Denny St., High Point,

Proctor, Charlie R., Route 2,

Do.

N.C.

Zebulon, N.C.

Moore, Cecil E., Route 2,

Do.

Raper, Richard, 3815 Burt

Do.

Dover, N.C.

Dr., Raleigh, N.C.

Morris, David F., P.O. Box

Do.

Reaves, Robert L., 114 Falk-

Do.

172, Knightdale, N.C.

ner St., Henderson, N.C.

Morris, Herbert Bolt, Route

Do.

Rich, Edward F., Route 3,

Do.

2, Box 12, Halifax, N.C.

Kinston, N.C.

Morris, John F., Emul, N.C.

Do.

Richardson, Flora L., 510 E.

Do.

Moses, Jerry, Route 3, Pitts-

Do.

Maple Ave., Qastonia, N.C.

boro, N.C.

Richardson, Louie L., 510 E.

Do.

Murchison, William Harold,

Do.

Maple Ave., Gastonia, N.C.

Jr., Box 71, Goldston, N.C.

Ritter, Norwood, Route 1,

Do.

Murray, Jack C, 3012 E.

Do.

Pike ville, N.C.

Geer St., Durham, N.C.

Rivers, Wayne, 529 Rowland

Do.

Murray, Jack C, Jr., 306 S.

Do.

St., Henderson, N.C.

Benjamin St., Durham,

Robbins, William Edward,

Do.

N.C.

Jr., P.O. Box 57, Wilson,

Murray, Jesse W., 829 Argo

Do.

N.C.

St., Goldsboro, N.C.

Rogers, Gerald V., 2938 N.

Do.

Narron, Ishmael W., Box 242,

Do.

Blvd., Raleigh, N.C.

Knightdale, N.C.

Ruffin, Herman, 1207 Herring
Ave., WUson, N.C.

Do.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1817

Name and address of
applicimt

Russ, James O., Route 3,
Sanford, N.C.

Sandlin, Fred, Route 2,

Beulaville. N.C.
Saulter, J. E., 2705 Jefferson

Dr., GreenviUe, N.C.
Sechrest, James L., 303

Kindbery, Lexington,

N.C.
SejTnour, Earl E., 221 Grand

Ave., Raleigh, N.C.
Shackelford, James, Route 2,

Box 61, Farmville, N.C.
Sharpe, Reno C, Route 2,

Box 103, Bear Creek, N.C.
Sherrick, Myrtle A., P.O.

Box 244, Tarboro, N.C.
Sherron, James, 611 Oakwood

Ave., Raleigh, N.C.
Skol, Walter L., Route 3,

China Grove, N.C.
Smith, Joseph T., Route 1,

61A, Farmville, N.C.
Smith, Matthew C, Route

5, Lexington, N.C.
Smith, Ronald C, Route 1,

FarmviUe, N.C.
Smith, William E., Box 86,

Wendell, N.C.
Stamey, William Harold,

Route 1, Knightdale, N.C.
Stephenson, E. H., Route 1,

Enfield, N.C.
Stirewalt, John F., Route 2,

China Grove, N.C.
Strickland, Leroy, P.O. Box

65, Saratoga, N.C.
Surles, Alfred T., Box 182,

Micro, N.C.
Sutton, Edward E., Route 2,

Box 14, Newton Grove,

N.C.
Tart, Garland D., Route 2,

Benson, N.C.
Tart, Lehmon, Route 2,

Dunn, N.C.
Taylor, C. P., Route 5,

Kinston, N.C.
Taylor, Clifton E., Route 4,

Box 197, Goldsboro, N.C.
Tavlor, Colonel B., Box 336,

Pikeville, N.C.
Taylor, James E., Route 1,

Farmville, N.C.
Taylor, John William, Route

3, Box 35, Elm City, N.C.
Teague, Edgar R., Route 2,

Robbins, N.C.
Tilton, Edward L., Route 4,

Raleigh, N.C.
Todd, Brenda Gail, 203

Charllotte [sic] Ave., San-
ford, N.C.
Todd, ir. B., 203 Charllotte

Ave., Sanford, N.C.
Tolar, Nannie T, Route 1,

Blounts Creek, N.C.
Toler, Bill, Route 5, Box 166,

New Bern, N.C.
Tolson, NeUie P., 321 W.
Main St., Thomasville,
N.C.
Tolson, Troy L., 321 W.
Main St., Thomasville,
N.C.
Tripp, Troy L., 807 E. 6tli

St., Washington, N.C.
Tucker, Melvin W., 200 No.
Salisbury, Lexington, N.C.

Name and address
of unit

Capital City Res-
toration Assn..
P.O. Box 10484,
Raleigh, N.C.
Do.

Do.

Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.

Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.

Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.

Do.

Do.
Do.

Name and address of
applicant

Turnage, J. II., Route 3,
Wilson, N.C.

Tutor, Bobby R., 702

Ilamiton [sic] Rd., Raleigh,

N.C.
Wagner, Donald E., 23 West

Green St., Thomasville,

N.C.
Wainwright, Jiin W., Route

1, Box 172A, Fountain,
N.C.

Watkins, Wade C, 517

Holloway St., Durham,

N.C.
Watson, Shelby R.. 105 Olive

Ave., Lenoir, N.C.
Webber, Cooper, Jr.„Apt. 6,

St. Andrews St., Tarboro,

N.C.
Webber, Phillip J., 1004

Poplar St., Tarboro, N.C.
Wells, Redmond, Route 4,

Box 322, Wilson, N.C.
Weston, Durwood S., Route

2, Box 207, Blounts Creek,
N.C.

Whitley, Charlie B., 478 E.

Main St., Clayton, N.C.
Wilcox, James P., P.O. Box

Box 51, New Bern, N.C.
Williams, Ernest, Route 4,

Dunn, N.C.
Williams, Robert H., 307

Jackson St., Roanoke

Rapids, N.C.
Williamson, Earl C, Route

2, Box 89, Williamston,

N.C.
Wilson, Alex CuUom, P.O.

Box 311, Apex, N.C.
Wilson, Fred L., 610 Little

St., Salisbury, N.C.
Winecoff, Barrett A., Route

7, Box 498, Salisbury, N.C.
Winstead, Henry C, S.

Goldsboro St., Wilson, N.C.
Woods, Darrell A., 805 Park

St. Smyre. Gastonia, N.C.
Bamhill, Reginald Renno,

115 N. Dennis Street,

Enfield, N.C.

Cuthrell, Ralph Donald, Jr.,
413 Sherrod Heights, En-
field, N.C.

Johnson, J. Ryford, P.O. Box
166, Whitakers, N.C.

Lucas, Herman Lovd, En-
field, N.C.

Hudson, C. B., Route 1,
Coats, N.C.

Ranes, Ballard M., 116 Park-
er Street, Henderson, N.C.

Carter, James D., P.O. Box
681, Kings Mountain, N.C.

Houston, Tom, Route 2,
Pink Hill, N.C.

Jones, A. V., Route 2, Pink

HiU, N.C.
Kermedy, James D., Route

2, Pink Hill, N.C.

Name and address
of unit

Capital City Res-
toration Assn.,
P.O. Box 10484,
Raleigh, N.C.
Do.

Do.

1)0.

Do.

Do.
Do.

Do.
Do.
Do.

Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.

Do.

Halifax County
Sportsman Club,
Box 611, Enfield,
N.C.
Do.

Do.
Do.

llartnett County
Improvement
Association,
P.O. Box 48,
Dunn, N.C.

Keystone Club,
1069 Henderson,
N.C.

Kings Mountain,
N.C, No. 55,
P.O. Box 681,
Kings Moun-
tain, N.C.

Limestone Fishing
Club, P.O. Box
313, Beulaville,
N.C.
Do.

Do.

1818

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Name and address of

Name and address

Name and address of

Name and address

applicant

of unit

applicant

of unit

Biddle, Herbert McClammy,

New Hanover Im-

Champlin, Connie M., Route

No. 38, Qoldsboro,

Sr.,Boxl24Stokley Rd.,

provement Asso-

4, Box 169, Qoldsboro, N.C.

N.C.

Wilmington, N.C.

ciation, P.O.

Head, Ed Douglas, Route 6,

Do.

Box 1104,

Box 710, Qoldsboro, N.C.

Wilmington,

Marlow Howard, 204 West-
wood Drive, Qoldsboro,

Do.

N.C.

Cook, Jack Charles, 4208

Do.

N.C.

Cedar Avenue, Wilming-

Sutton, Ross B., 1905 A E-

Do.

ton, N.C.

HoUy, Qoldsboro, N.C.

Elkins, Hubert Osmond, 309

Kemodle, James Woodrow,

Town and

Breckenridge Drive, Wilm-

Do.

Route 2, Box 416, Durham,

Country Sports-

ington, N.C.

N.C.

man Club, P.O.

Shepard, J. T., 4112 Franklin

Do.

Box 244,

Ave., Wilmington, N.C.

Durham, N.C.

Taylor, Lee M., Box 543,

Do.

Ray, Floyd M., Box 858,

Do.

WUmington, N.C.

HUIsboro, N.C.

Freeman, Velton Lee, Route

No. 23, Sanford,

Robinson, Johnny Calvin,

Do.

5, Sanford, N.C.

N.C.

Route 2, Durham, N.C.

Gains, Ernest Charles, Route

Do.

Moseley, Linwood Earl,

Warrenton Im-

1, Sanford, N.C.

Route 1, Warrenton, N.C.

provement Asso-

Rasser, Julian T., Route 1,

Do.

tion , Norlina,

Sanford, N.C.

P.O. Box 156,

Smith, Samuel P., P.O. Box

Do.

N.C.

832, Sanford, N.C.

WUliams, Alton Leroy, 310

Do.

Hawkins Ave., Sanford,

N.C.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN ORGANIZATIONS IN

THE UNITED STATES

Part 1

FRIDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1965

United States House of Representatives,

Subcommittee of the
Committee on Un- American Activities,

Washington^ D.G.

PUBLIC HEARINGS

The subcommittee of the Committee on Un-American Activities met,
pursuant to recess, at 10 :15 a.m. in the Caucus Room, Cannon House
Office Building, Washington, D.C., Hon. Edwin E. Willis (chairman)
presiding.

(Subcommittee members: Representatives Edwin E. Willis, of
Louisiana, chairman ; Joe R. Pool, of Texas ; Charles L. Weltner, of
Georgia; John M. Ashbrook, of Ohio; and John H. Buchanan, Jr.,
of Alabama.)

Subcommittee members present: Representatives Willis, Pool, and
Weltner.

Committee members also present: Representatives Richard H.
Ichord, of Missouri, and George F. Senner, Jr., of Arizona.

Staff members present: Francis J. McNamara, director; William
Hitz, general counsel ; Alfred M., Nittle, counsel ; Donald T. Appell,
chief investigator; and Philip R. Manuel, investigator.

The Chairman. The subcommittee will please come to order, and
our guests in the audience will please be seated.

Call your first witness.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call the Reverend Jack
Crum.

The Chairman. Tlie photographers will have to retire from the
room.

Please stand.

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give
will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help
you God ?

Mr. Crum. I do.

TESTIMONY OF JOHN (JACK) HAMMOND CRUM

Mr. Appell. Reverend Crum, will you state your full name for the
record, please, sir?

Mr. Crum. John Hammond Crum. I am known as Jack.

The Chairman. Now, Mr. Appell. Mr. Crum, we are aware of the
fact that you are a minister of the gospel. I think the Chair ought
to say this.

1819

1820 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

We are not interested or concerned with your or anyone else's reli-
gious, theological, philosophical, or political beliefs. We are not
really concerned with your opinions or anybody else's opinions, likes,
or dislikes.

You are here under subpena as an individual, to give your first-hand
knowledge concerning the facts which we regard as pertinent to the
subject matter of this inquiry.

I think I ought to make that plain, because that is our standard
procedure and policy.

Mr. Crum. Yes, I understand that, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman, All right, proceed.

Mr. Appell. For the record, Reverend Crum, you are appearing this
morning in response to a subpena served upon you ?

Mr. Crum. Yes, sir,

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Crum. I am not.

Mr. Appell, Do you desire counsel ?

Mr. Crum. No.

Mr. Appell. Would you please give to the committee

The Chairman. Would you speak a little louder, Eeverend?

Mr. Crum. Yes.

Mr. Appell. Would you please give to the committee your educa-
tional background?

Mr. Crum. I graduated from Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia,
in 1951. I graduated from Duke University Divinity School in 1955.
I believe that is right.

Mr. Appell. "Wliat is your denomination. Reverend Crum?

Mr. Crum. I am a Methodist.

Mr. Appell. Were you in Farmville, North Carolina, on September
the 26th of 1964?

Mr, Crum, Yes, I was.

Mr, Appell. Reverend, did you attend an open jjublic meeting of the
Ku Klux Klan in Farmville, North Carolina, on September 26, 1964?

Mr, Crum. Yes, I did.

The Chairman. Now, as I understand, that was a public meeting.
That was a public meeting ?

Mr. Crum. Yes, it was, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. And information was disseminated to that effect?

Mr. Crum, Yes, A friend of mine in Farmville picked up — I don't
have with me, but he picked up a piece of the information which said
it was a public rally, and the wliite public was invited.

The CfiiAiRMAN. All right.

Mr. Appell. And you attended that rally ?

Mr. Crum. Yes, I did,

Mr, Appell, Would you relate your experiences at that rally, sir?

Mr. Crum. May I refer to my notes ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir,

Mr. Crum. All right,

I went, sir, with my wife and with the Reverend W. S, Taylor, Jr.,
and with Father Gordon Kendall. We drove out to the site of the
rally, just outside Farmville, at the intersection of Highway 264-A
and Highway 264,

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1821

Later, although we didn't realize it at the time, we found that this
was just beyond the Pitt County line, and in Greene County, and I —
perhaps this contributed to the policnig problem, because the Farm-
ville police could not come. We had expected them to be there.

As Ave drove up to the rally, what we thought, or what we wondered,
what looked like National Guardsmen, directed us to drive off the high-
way into a field. I thought of staying on the highway, but they were
motioning, and so I parked by car off the highway, in the field, as they
directed.

Later, Patrolman McCullmii of the Highway Patrol said that he
also at first thought that these Klans' security guards were National
Guardsmen, and they were dressed with military unifonns; with
helmets, boots, and insignia, and Mr. Taylor, who accompanied me,
said that he saAv rifles and billy clubs, also, that some of the security
guard possessed.

(At this point Representative Buchanan entered the hearing room.)

Mr. Crum. We parked the car, and then walked around. I was
dressed in a suit and a hat, and I think a raincoat that I have over
here, a white raincoat. My wife had on a red topcoat, and I carried
a camera, which was outside of my raincoat in full view. We went
without pretense. I dressed as I normally do, as I dressed to come
here, because the Klans' invitation was a public invitation.

We went to see, by experience, Avhat the Klan meeting was like, for
we had read about it in the press.

On one side was the speaker's stand, and on the left of the stand was
an American Flag. On the right was the Confederate flag, and in the
center was a large picture of Senator Goldwater. To one side of the
stand was a large, roped-off field in which stood a telephone pole-sized
cross. Robed Klansmen and Klanswomen. the helmeted security
guards, and spectators were walking around the field.

Mr. Taylor, who became separated from me, saw a man surrounded
by guards, that he saw his films taken from him, and that he was es-
corted off the field. I did not know about this until later, but ap-
parently this was a newspaperman.

A Klansman also challenged me. This was before the rally actu-
ally began. He said, "Is that a camera?" I thought it looked like a
camera. I said, "Yes." He said, "We don't allow pictures."

Well, I told him I would be glad to put the camera away. Then a
green-robed Klansman

The Chairman. When you say "he," do you know who he was?

Mr. Crum. No, I do not Imow who this man was. He was robed.

Mr. Pool. Can you further identify him ?

Mr. Crum, Not this particular man.

Mr. Appell. Was he dressed in a white robe ?

Mr. Crum. He was; yes. But at this particular time, when this
other man was questioning me, a green-robed man said it would be all
right for me to take a picture of the cross, if I had a security guard
with me who monitored the pictures that I took.

As I recall, he said, "If anybody questions you, tell them Bob said
it was okay." I didn't know who this was, but I later found out that
this man was Grand Dragon J. R. Jones, from Granite Quarry.

Now, I told the security guard who had been assigned to me, appar-
ently, because he followed me everywhere I Avent, that I thought it

59-222 O — 67— pt. 1 20

1822 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

would be better if I put the camera back in the car, as I hadn't come
to cause trouble at the Klan rally. He wouldn't reply to me. He
wouldn't smile ; he would only follow and look at me. But I decided
that I would put the camera back in my car.

After all, my wife was present. I had come to a public rally. I
hadn't come to get in a fight. So I went back to my Volkswagen and
raised the hood and put the camera in the trunk.

One robed Klansman walked along beside me and said, "If you do" —
that is, if you do take pictures — "that camera won't be here, and you
are liable to be beaten up, too."

I do not know the name of this man.

The Chairman. Was he robed ?

Mr. Crum. Yes, he was.

I rejoined my wife and Father Gordon Kendall, at that time. The
rally was opened with an invocation, and in the prayer, there was an
appeal, the Lord's Prayer.

The Chairman. Reverend

Mr. Crum. Yes ?

The Chairman. I would prefer that you don't indulge in descrip-
tions of religious expressions. In fact, you used the name of one man ;
I am sorry you did.

Mr. Crum. I am sorry.

The Chairman. I know, you were describing the platform.

Mr. Crum. Yes.

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Crum. Can I delete that part of the testimony, or what is the
procedure ?

The Chairman. Well, we have given it too much prominence at
that. That's all.

Mr. Crum. I will try to be careful.

Now let me ask, Mr. Chairman, about another matter. At this time,
as I said

The Chairman. There was an invocation ?

Mr. Crum. Yes.

The Chairman. All right ; that's proper.

Mr. Crum. Then a man, a young man, who said he was from Wilson,
spoke. Now, would you like for me to tell anything at all about what
he said ? I want to cooperate with the committee here. I have a very
little bit, but it might be

The Chairman. Will you desist for a moment ?

(The subcommittee conferred off the record.)

The Chairman. I think it would be appropriate, if that is the case.
I don't know what you are about to say.

Mr. Crum. Yes.

The Chairman. Wait a minute. Let me put it this way

Mr. Crum. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. If it is true, or if you had in mind saying it, that
there were exhortations to violence, fine, but I would prefer for you
not to go into a description of racial or political or current issues.
If there were exhortations to violence, give a general description in
that sense, but I prefer that you not go into political issues, racial
issues, because I am interested in what happened to you.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1823

Mr. Crum. Yes, right.

"Well, what I was about to say, perhajis, might include names of peo-
ple that Mere ridiculed.

The Chairman. Well

Mr. Crum. It might be past issues now. This was a year ago.

The Chairman. Well

Mr. Pool. Mr. Chairman, I don't think that he ought to just have a
carte blanche to name off people that were at this rally. The investi-
gator might question him. Would that be better ?

The Chairman. Suppose you respond to questions directed at you.

Mr. Crum. Yes.

Mr. Appell. Keverend Crmn, after the speeches were made, what
was the next course of action that was followed at the rally?

Mr. Crum. Well, things happened during the rally which, after a
couple of speeches were made, the security guard had been following
me, apparently was displeased with something my wife was carrying.
It was a small telescope. I brought it with me, so we said, well, we
didn't want to cause trouble. We went and put it in the car.

But then one of the men dressed as a security guard came up to us,
while we were at the car, and we were surrounded by, I guess, I don't
know an exact number, I would say 15 of these security guards, and
this man said, "We will have to have the film in that camera," referring
to the camera that I had previously put in the trunk of the car.

I told him that I hadn't taken any pictures, and that I had put the
camera up.

The Chairman. And you declare under oath that you had not taken
any pictures ?

Mr. Crum. Yes, I did.

Mr. Pool. You do. You do declare under oath that you did not take
any pictures.

Mr. Crum. Yes, I do — at this rally. That is what you mean.

The Chairman. I understand.

Mr. Crum. Yes. I told him that the pictures that were in the cam-
era were vacation pictures, and, of course, I would like to keep those
pictures for their sentimental value.

He replied — and I understood him to be, although I do not know
his name — the chief or head security guard at that particular rally —
he said, "We want that film."' Now they were very positive. I took
them to be menacing.

About that time, my two friends. Father Gordon Kendall and Mr.
Taylor, came up. Father Kendall demanded, "Wliere is your war-
rant?" which I thought was an appropriate question. They did not
reply to his question, however. I told them that I would cooperate in
opening the trunk of the car, and that I would give them the film.
After all, under those circumstances, with my wife beside me, I did
not want to get into a fight, and as I said, I came to observe.

I asked if they would send the film back to me. I told them I was
here as an open person, would be glad to give them my name and my
address, which I did.

Wliile I was doing that, one man

The Chairman. Well, now, wait a minute. Did you say — I mis-
understood you. Did you say that you offered to surrender, or you did
not offer to surrender the film ?

1824 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Crum. Yes. I realize this is an important point. Let me try
to get it clear.

The Chairman. Yes, I missed that.

Mr. Crum. They demanded of me the film out of that camera.
Well, I had the choice, it looked to me like, of opening the trunk volun-
tarily, and either giving them the camera or keeping my camera and
taking the film out of it, and giving it to them, or of having it forced
in some way, so I regarded this as force. But I submitted to them. I

said, "I will cooperate and give you the film,"

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Crum. — which I took out of the camera myself and handed to
the head security guard. I asked him if he would return the film,
which he said he would, when they had ascertained that it was not of
the Klan rally, but I have never received it.

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Crum. Are there further questions ?

Mr. Appell. Did they just accept the film from you, and then leave
you alone, and let you proceed upon your way ?

Mr. Crum. No, sir.

Mr. Appell. What action, then, was taken by them ?

Mr. Crum. Well, they wanted to search the tnmk of the car, but
apparently, Mr. Chairman, they did not want to put their hands into
the trunk of the car. This may be a technical legal point. So they
stood outside the trunk, and they pointed, and they said, "What is
that?"

No, first they said, "Wliat was that other thing you put in the trunk
of the car ?" They were referring to the telescope.

The Chairman. Yes.

Mr. Crum. And so my wife leaned in the trunk and took it out and
gave it to them. They opened it up and pulled it out of the case and
saw that it was only a telescope, put it back in, and gave it back to us.

Would you want me to tell a humorous bit ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, go right ahead.

Mr. Crum. My wife was pretty j^eeved by tliis time. She leaned
in the trunk of the car where she had an extra pair of shoes and stuck
out a shoe and said, "Here, you want to search this, too."

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr. Appell. After this, did you leave or did you return to the rally
for the purpose of hearing additional speeches ?

Mr. Crum. Well, we observed the attitude which we had tried to
observe the whole time, sir, that we had come to a i)ublic rally, that
we had every right to be there, by their invitation, and that we wanted
to observe, and to see, and so we stayed. We stayed until about the
end of the rally.

Mr. Appell. After the speeches, and you were attempting to
leave

The Chairman. Well, about the speeches, let me ask you the direct
question, in a general way: Were there exliortations to violence and
reference to racial issues ? Just answer the question.

Mr. Crum. There was certainly reference to racial issues, and by
"violence," this I would take to be more implied.

The Chairman. All right. That is enough. That is fine.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1825

Mr. ArPELL. As you returned to your car, were you again approached
by the Klan's security guard ?
' Mr. Crum. Yes. Mr. Chairman, we were approached at the end
of the rally by people who were giving out literature, which I will be
glad to submit to the committee, if you would desire.

The Chairman. Well, we will receive it and take a look at it.

(Documents marked "Jack Cnim Exhibit No. 1" and retained in
committee files.)

Mr. Pool. You say after the rally ?

Mr. Crum. Well, no, toward the close of the rally this was given
out. About the time it was about to adjourn, but it hadn't formally
adjourned.

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Crum. We did proceed to the car, or we started to proceed to
the car, Mr. Chairman. I think one of us said, "Well, let's go" to the
others, and we turned around to go. We saw behind us the security
guard that had been with me — I think it was the same one — ever since
we had been there. He said, "You are not going anywhere."

The Chairman. Was that the same individual who had been follow-
ing you, or Avas it someone else ?

Mr. Crum. Well, I could not definitely say, but I think so. It was
a security guard, dressed in one of the uniforms.

Mr. Pool. Did he have a mask on ?

Mr. Crum. No, sir; North Carolina law does not prohibit masks.

Mr. Weltner. North Carolina law what?

Mr. Crum. As I understand it. North Carolina law does not — does
prohibit masks. I am very sorry. Thank you for that correction.
Does not allow masks, is what I should have said.

Mr. Pool. You couldn't identify the faces. It was too hard, and
you saw too many of them. Is that the idea ?

Mr. Crum. Of these particular men ; that is true.

The Chairman. Proceed, Mr. Appell.

Mr. Crum. Well, we were, of course, upset. The crowd was be-
ginning to leave, and naturally, we did not want to stay. Father
Gordon Kendall, as I recall, I think, said, "This is a free land, and we
are going," and he started off, and we all started walking, despite what
the security guard had said. At this, the security guard blew his
whistle, and we were very quickly surrounded by a good number of the
security guards, and we were stopped.

We did not know, we were not told, why we were being detained
against our wills, upon this property.

Mr. Pool. How did they stop you ?

Mr. Crum. They surrounded us, as a group, from all sides. If we
had proceeded, we would have had to push them out of the w^ay.

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Crum. In a few minutes, a man who was called Bob, dressed in
a brown sweater, appeared.

Mr. Pool. I didn't get the last word.

Mr. Crum. A man who was called Bob, dressed in a brown sweater,
without a robe, appeared. I recognized him as Grand Dragon J. R.
Jones.

1826 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

He asked about the camera, and we told him what had happened.
He said that we were not being threatened. I replied, "One man
threatened to beat me up."' He asked "Was it a robed Klansman ? ''

"Yes," I answered. "A man"

The Chairman. Now who is "he" in this instance ?

Mr. Crum. Grand Dragon J. R. Jones.

"Yes," I answered, "a man in a white robe." He replied, "If a
Klansman said he would beat you up, you had better watch out, for
he will do it."

Mr. Appell. Did Jones then leave, and did the security guard
disperse itself, or did they continue to harass you ?

Mr. Crum. Jones left for a few minutes, I do not know why, but
then he returned, and we were kept there until he returned. When he
came back, he asked Mr. Taylor, the Reverend Mr. Taylor, if he would
allow him to search him. Well, again, I don't know the legal terms
of the matters here. I am a layman. But with the security guards
all around us, and with the crowd leaving the field, Mr. Taylor felt
that he was forced to consent by saying "Yes, you can search me,"
rather than by resisting. He felt he was forced.

He emptied his pockets, at the Grand Dragon's direction. When he
refilled them, he also put his glasses in his pocket, which my wife
noticed, but I didn't, for he felt like we might be in real trouble, and
might have a fight.

Jones then ran his hands down the sides of the Reverend Mr. Taylor,
feeling his pockets.

Mr. Appell. Is this the normal way that you would, like, shake a
man down, if you were looking to see if he had any concealed arms or
weapons or other instruments on him ?

Mr. Crum. I don't know^ much about this kind of thing, but I
assume so ; yes, sir.

The Chairman. It is what they call "frisking."

Mr. Crum. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. And this man was the Reverend Mr. Taylor ?

Mr. Crum. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Yes.

Mr. Crum. He did not find anything, and Jones told the guards to
get us off the field, and at that, we went back to the car.

Mr. Appell. Now, Avere you inunediately able to drive away, or did
you find that you had some additional harassment to you which was
unknown to you? Before that, did they require you to empty your
pockets, and did they frisk you ?

Mr. Crum. No, they did not.

The Chairman. How about the third man wlio was with you ?

Mr. Crum. Father Kendall ? No.

Mr. Pool. Father Kendall was not searched.

Mr. Crum. No, he was not.

Mr. Appell. But, of course, as I understand. Father Kendall was
dressed in slacks.

The Chairman. Well, it wouldn't make any difference. He wasn't
frisked. Proceed.

Mr. Appell. What did you discover wlien you returned to your car ?

Mr. Crum. Well, we got in the car, and started driving off, and

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1827

then it looked like the car was not going along veiy well, so we got
out and looked, and two of the tires had been partially deflated. At
that, Father Kendall and Mr. Taylor stayed outside the car, and ran
along beside it until we got the car to the highway, where there w^as a
highway patrolman and sheriff's deputies who stayed with us until w^e
had changed one of the tires.

Mr. ArrELL. These acts were carried out against you and your
companions as you have testified under oath with apparently no
provocation on your part, or the part of your companions?

Mr. Crum. There was no provocation except that they didn't know
who I was, recognized me as someone they did not know^, I suppose.

Mr. Appell. Did you have other experiences in your life of which
you made a comparison between your treatment at the Klan rally and
your treatment that you had experienced previously ?

Mr. Crum. Well

The Chairman. Mr. Appell, I don't know wliat that opens up. We
don't want any generalities.

Wait a second.

(The subcommittee conferred off the record.)

The Chairman. Withdraw that question.

Mr. Appell. I withdraw^ the question.

Did 3'ou make a tour of the Soviet Union ?

The Chairman. Withdraw^ that question.

Mr. Appell. I have no further questions, Mr. Chainnan.

Mr. Pool. I have no questions.

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Crum, how long were you detained at the Klan
rally at Farmville, North Carolina ?

Mr. Crum. Not a long time, sir. I would say 10 to 15 minutes,
but I know — I didn't keep a record.

Mr. Weltner. How many security guards surrounded you on the
first instance, when you were trying to move to your car ?

Mr. Crum. I have estimated it as being about 15.

Mr. Weltner. Thank you.

Mr. Crum. I am not sure. There were, as I recall, someone counted
over 30 — 30 to 40 security guards on the field.

The Chairman. Could you estimate or did you try to estimate the
numbers of people at the rally ?

Mr. Crum. I can give one accurate figure. Yes, the accurate
figure

The Chairman. Well, your best estimate, within your knowledge.

Mr. Crum. There were about 85 robed Klansmen at the time they
put on their robes and circled the cross, and then there were other
people, of course, who were unrobed. I would have said — I hesitate,
but not too many. I hesitate to give a figure. I am not A'ery good
at estimating, but not very many. Say a couple of hundred more.

The Chairjman. That is the kind of figure that a witness is expected
to give, an honest estimate. That is all right.

Any questions?

Mr. Buchanan. No.

The Chairman. Are there any facts relating to yourself, within
your knowledge, occurrences affecting you or your group other than
those you have related in general terms ?

1828 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Crum. I am not

The Chairman. I mean, were there other, if there were things such
as further threats, if there were threats, and further detention or fur-
ther details along that line, within the framework of what we have
been talking about?

Mr, Crum. Well, there have been telephone calls to me and to friends
of mine, and to some of those who went to this particular rally with
me

The Chairman. That is pertinent.

Mr. Crum. — of a threatening nature.

The Chairman. That is pertinent. After the rally ?

Mr. Crum. Yes. Not a great many to me personally, let me say,
but to others.

The Chairman. Let's say to you. You did receive phone calls?

Mr. Crum. Yes, but not many.

The Chairman. Well, was there one ?

Mr. Crum. Yes, we will say one.

The Chairman. Or two or five ?

Mr. Crum. Yes. Eight.

The Chairman. "Wliat was the general tenor of the phone calls?
Were they in the nature of admonitions or threats or things of that
kind?

Mr. Crum. Generally, they were "You better not do this kind of
thing again. You had better not say the things you have been saying
about the Klan."

Mr. Pool. This was after the rally ?

Mr. Crum. Yes. But I wouldn't put a lot of importance on this.

The Chairman. And it is within your personal knowledge that
others of your acquaintance received others and more telephone calls of
that nature ?

Mr. Crum. I can refer to a man that was referred to in the testimony
yesterday, in Raleigh, Frank Hutchinson.

The Chairman. His name was brought up ?

Mr. Crum. Yesterday, and he has received many more calls than I
have.

The Chairman. And they were along the lines you have indicated.

Mr. Crum. Yes.

The Chairman. AVe do sincerely appreciate your coming here, and
we regard your experience, your first-hand knowledge, as being perti-
nent to the inquiry into the subject matter of this investigation. We
appreciate your appearing.

Mr. Crum. Yes, sir; you are welcome.

The Chairman. Call your next witness.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call Joseph G. DuBois.

Mr. DuBois, will you remain standing while the chairman admin-
isters an oath, please?

The Chairman. Please raise your right hand .

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give will
be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the trulh, so help you
God?

Mr. DuBois. I do, sir.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1829

TESTIMONY OF JOSEPH G. DuBOIS

Mr. Appell. Mr. DuBois, will you bring the mike in to you ?

Mr. DuBois, are you appearing before the subcommittee today in
accordance with a subpena served upon you by a United States mar-
shal at 10 :55 a.m. on the 12th day of October 1965 ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Mr. DuBois, are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. DuBois. No, sir.

Mr. Appell. Did you desire counsel ?

Mr. DuBois. No, sir.

Mr. Appell. Mr. DuBois, what is your educational background, sir?

Mr. DuBois. May I have a drink of water, please ? I haven't been
this nervous since just before going into action on Guadalcanal.

The Chairman. That is all right. Take your time.

Mr. DuBois. Repeat the question, sir.

Mr. Appell. Would you give us your educational background,
please, sir?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

At an early age, in my teens, my mother and father were separated :
they separated. At the age of 15 — I have a younger sister — I had to
take over support of the family. I had to quit school. I went into
CC Camps — most of you gentlemen know what that is — to support my
mother and my sister. I had no one to turn to.

After that, while I was in the CC Camp, a Marine recruiter came
through ; I saw my 16th birthday.

The Chairman. Wliat ^rade did you go to? The fact that you
have little education is unimportant. We want it for the record. I
might say that I have some folks who are uneducated.

Mr. DuBois. If you would let me continue, sir, I think I will answer
all your questions.

Tlie Chairman. All right.

Mr. DuBois. 1 went into the Marine Corps at the age of 16, after I
saw my 16th birthday. I was — a Marine recruiter came through the
CC Camp, recruiting Marines. He told me that I could finish my
education in the Marine Corps, and learn a trade, so I immediately
joined the Marine Corps. I took my training, sir

Mr. Appell. May I interrupt you, sir? At what year is that?

Mr. DuBois. This is approximately March 28, 1941. I have docu-
mented proof on that, sir.

Mr. Appell. All right. Now, while you were in the Marine Corps,
did you earn what we Avould call a high school equivalent certificate ?

Mr. DuBois. No, sir. Soon after I joined the Marine Corps I
was — ^the war broke out, approximately 9 months. I was with the
Fleet Marine Force, which is the fighting unit of the Marine Corps
ground units.

Mr. Appell. We will get to that under your occupational

The Chairman. Just answer the question. It will be easier for you.
He has notes.

Mr. DuBois. All right, fine.

My 2 years, after I Avas — in 1948, I went back to night school and
completed my high school education, sir.

1830 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. Thank you very much.

Now, would you please outline for the committee briefly your occupa-
tional background ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir. After going back to night — after finishing,
going to night school to finish my education, I was offered a position
with a B. F. Goodricli Company tire company. They had checked
my records in the school, and they wanted to help me, and I went to
Charlotte, North Carolina, with the B. F. Goodrich Company and took
training in budget management.

The Chairman. That was when ?

Mr. DuBois. Approximately '49, '48 and '49, somewhere in that
neighborhood.

The Chairman. Let's go back a little bit, Don. Let's go back to
his period of service, in the Armed Forces.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir. Wliat year did you join the CC Corps?

Mr. DuBois. I don't know the exact date, sir, because I never did
receive a discharge, since I went to the Marines, in the forties.

Mr. Appell. Approximately how long ?

Mr. DuBois. Approximately 9 months. We had 6 months' service,
and I was starting on my second hitch, and the reason I did that, I
sent all my money home to my mother and my sister to live off of

Mr. Appell. And then you joined the Marine Corps.

Mr. DuBois. The Marine Corps ; yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. All right. Now, what period of time were you in the
Marine Corps ?

Mr. DuBois. I was in the Marine Corps, sir, from March 28, 194L
I was discharged January 26th of 1944, by reason, upon report of a
medical survey for disability, with character excellent.

Mr. Appell. Now, I want to give you the opportunity to put into
the record as a part of your employment what service you contributed
to your country as a member of the Marine Corps.

Mr. DuBois. Sir, my record speaks for itself. On the bottom of this
discharge is listed battles, engagements, skinnishes, and expeditions,
and half a page are filled, here. You may inspect it.

Pass it to the chairman, sir.

The Chairman. Wait a second.

Well, this lists very many engagements. I see you were in the
Samoan Islands, May 8th to September 4, 1942 ; the Solomon Islands,
September 18, 1942 to January 5, 1943; Australia, Januarj' 12 to July
31, 1943; and you were under Japanese naval bombardment, vicinity
of the mouth of the Lunga River, Guadalcanal, for a stated period of
time here.

Skirmishes with the Japanese armed forces, vicinity of Pioneer
Bridge, Lunga River, Guadalcanal, another period of service, 1942,
battle of the Japanese Army Forces, vicinity of Mbalo, Guadalcanal
area, and vicinity of Point Cruz, Guadalcanal, another engagement,
and First Marine Division, operations against the Japanese Army,
Unit A. Guadalcanal area, under enemy naval bombardment in Octo-
ber 1942, on Guadalcanal.

Participated in defense of Sector No. 3 in that area, action against
Japanese forces in other areas of Guadalcanal engagements, and so on.

It is quite an impressive service. I will tell you that.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1831

Mr. Pool. Is that the Fii-st Marine Division ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Pool. I had a nephew.

Mr. DuBois. Here is the liometown paper that was put out while I
was overseas.

Mr. Pool. I had a nephew in that same outfit.

Mr. DuBois. Thank you, sir. I would like for that to be

The Chairman. By the way, this is not theatrics. Tlie audience
should understand that.

Here is a picture apj^arently on the front page called "Goldsboro
Boy Gets Nine Japs At One Wliack."

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

The Chairman". Congratulations.

Mr. DuBois. Gentlemen, here is a writeup after I came back from
Guadalcanal. I participated while I was in the hospital in California,
some movie stars and other people were entertaining troops, came by
the hospital, and they requested that I be able to go with them on the
Third IVar Bond Drive. At that time it was the Third War Bond
Drive. In that bottom, you will read it, sir, they gave me credit for
selling $500,000 Avortli of war bonds. That is in the bottom part^ of
that writeup, sir.

Tlie Chairman. Well, here are some of the headings of the papers.
"Corporal Joseph DuBois Found Guadalcanal Hot Spot." Another
one headed "Corporal DuBois Had 10 Attacks Through Flak," and
many others.

Mr. DuBois. Gentlemen, I am not bragging. I didn't bring this
information up here to be bragging. I would like to — I feel that my
integrity and loyalty has been questioned.

The Chairman. All right, we will come to that.

Mr. Appell. Mr. DuBois, we will give you an opportunity.

The Chairman. Just respond to his questions.

Mr. DuBois. All right.

Mr. Appell. We will give you an opportunity to say whatever you
would like to say for the record, sir.

Mr. DuBois. Do you have my discharge, sir ?

Mr. IcHORD. Right here.

Mr. Appell. Mr. DuBois, I wondered if when you return if you
would have a copy of that discharge made and forwarded to us for
the record, please.

Mr. DuBois. I will, sir.

(Document marked "Joseph DuBois Exhibit No. 1" and retained
in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. DuBois, then, after you got out of the Marine
Corps you went to night school and then you had further employ-
ment.

Mr. DuBois. Pardon me. I would like to make one statement,
please.

All during this time, while I was overseas fighting, I was sending
home money to my mother and sister to live on. They had no wel-
fare help, no help whatsoever, except what I sent them. I would
like that part of the record, sir.

The Chairman. I commend you. He will develop the facts.

1832 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. DuBois. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman. He interviewed you, and lie will develop the facts.

Mr. DuBois. Thank you, sir. All right.

Mr. Appell. Now, in order that the record follow a chronology,
after discharge you said that you went to night school for education,
so I assume that you took some kincl of employment immediately after
discharge.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir. With the B. F. Goodrich. Pardon me. Im-
mediately after discharge, the mayor of our town, Mr. Scott Berkeley,
who is deceased now, escorted me personally to the local air base to
apply for a job, not a position. My first stai-ting salary was $1500,
as a mechanic's helper.

Mr. Appell. And then

Mr. DuBois. I worked there until 1946.

Mr. Appell. And then is it 1946 when you joined the B. F. Goodrich
Company ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir ; approximately. Sorry.

No. Well, '46, '7 — there is a small length of time in there I worked
with Sears, Roebuck in the Budget Department.

Mr. Appell. Then how long did you remain employed with B. F.
Goodrich Company?

Mr. DuBois. I am not sure, sir.

Mr. Appell. But just your best estimate.

Mr. DuBois. Approximately 6 or 7 months. Under the circum-
stances, I wasn't being promoted as I felt I should be, through the
local store, and I resigned.

Mr. Appell. What was your next employment, sir ?

Mr. DuBois. I operated a Firestone store in Smithfield as manager.

Mr. Appell. How long did you operate that store, sir ?

Mr. DuBois. Until it was sold. Approximately a year or better,
until it was sold to an individual.

Mr. Appell. "Wliat was your next employment, sir ?

Mr. DuBois. Let's see. My next employment, sir, was with the
Dixie Finance Corporation, which was a loan company.

Mr. Appell. How long did you remain employed by them, sir?

Mr. DuBois. Until I went in business for myself, sir, in 1951.

Mr. Appell. What business did you enter, sir ?

Mr, DuBois. I went into the used car business, buying and selling
used cars.

Mr. xVppell. Are you still engaged in that business ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. At what town is that ?

Mr. DuBois. That is Goldsboro, North Carolina.

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Appell. Now, INIr. DuBois, the subpena served upon you calls
for you to produce :

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda relating to the
organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible Empire,
United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America. Inc., also kno\\Ti as
the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and afl31iated
organizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service and Wayne County Improve-
ment Association, in your possession, custody or control, or maintained by you or
available to you as an officer or employee of the Wayne County Improvement
Association of the Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1833

Klau of America, Inc., also known as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights
of the Ku Kliix Klan.

Part 2 calls for you to produce :

All books, records., documents, correspondence, and memoranda in your pos-
sion, custody or control, or maintained by or available to you, in your capacity
as an oflScer or employee of the Wayne County Improvement Association of the
United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, which the "Con-
stitution and Laws" of said organization authorize and require to be maintained
by you and any other officer of said organization, the same being in your pos-
session, custody or control.

Under tlie terms of that subpena, Mr. DuBois, I ask you if you have
brought with you the documents called for.

Mr. DuBois. May I make a statement first, sir?

The Chairman. Surely.

Mr. DuBois. I have been informed by some members of the Klan I
should stand on the fifth amendment. I think this is — will not help
my record any. At this time, any vows that I took in this organization
are secondary to the loyalty to my integrity and loyalty to this Nation.
To God is first. Nation is second. Anything after that, I figure is
secondary.

I have no intentions of taking the fifth amendment, no matter what
happens. I have been informed that possibly I would be held in con-
tempt. I hope and pray that you don't do that. I have come up here
to speak the truth. I figure that if the Klan had nothing to hide, the
reason I joined it, I thought it was an organization that was according
to what I knew about it and what I read, the literature I had read, had
been to the bettennent of this country.

At this time, under the circumstances of the fifth amendment that the
people have been taking on this, I would like to resign as a Klan mem-
ber, and as treasurer of my local unit, and I have the people — I have
nothing against my people of the unit. They are garden variety
Americans. As far as I know, there is nothing subversive in it. I
have found nothing subversive in it, and if it is found to be subversive,
I have already resigned, but I hope that is no reflection on it as being
subversive, because I have seen nothing.

The Chairman. We appreciate your attitude. I don't know who
told you what about what you should do or not do, on what issues you
should invoke the fifth amendment or not, or whether we would hold
you for contempt or not.

We are the judges of that, and I congratulate you for voluntarily
saying what you said, and I have no notion of what you are going to
say or what you are about to say, and to what you said, I say amen.

Mr. DuBois. Thank you.

The Chairman. Now perhaps, Don, before he produces the docu-
ment, don't you want to ask him when he joined, and lead up to it?

Mr. Appell. I Avill, Mr. Chairman. I was going to ask. However,
preliminary to that, with respect to two statements that he just made,
one with respect to him being urged to take the fifth amendment, as
to the identity of those people who urged him to take the fifth amend-
ment.

Mr. DuBois. Sir, tlie people that mentioned this to me, I have never
seen before. I do not know their names. If I did, I would hate to
divulge it.

The Chairman. But you honestly don't?

1834 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. DuBois. I honestly don't, sir.

The Chairmax. Was that in the nature of a telephone conversation,
or personal appearance?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir; in difference ways.

The Chairman. 1 wish you would describe that.

Mr. DuBois. Well, sir, some of these people are not Klansmen.
They are people that are back in my hometown, that know my back-
ground, respect me, and they said that "You think you are going to be
in trouble, or get in trouble, take the fifth amendment."'

The Chairman. Nobody gets in trouble anywhere in America by
telling the truth.

Mr. DuBois. That is the reason I am up here, sir, and that is the
reason I am up here without counsel.

The Chairman. We appreciate it.

Mr. Appell. Who gave you the advice that the committee might
hold you in contempt?

Mr. DuBois. This was also over the phone, and I do not — I person-
ally do not know the people.

The Chairman. Well, perhaps

Mr. DuBois. I am a Baptist by faith, and I am a Christian, and I
intend to tell the truth. I hope that I am not hurting anybody. I am
not out here to blacken anyone's reputation; I don't want mine black-
ened. I don't want my children — back when I was fighting, I didn't
know what I was fighting for. I was 17 years old, and I didn't know
then, but now I have a wife and three children. I know what I am
fighting for.

There are things that I do not approve of in the government, and
being handed down by the government, but I am not hiding to tell it.
I imagine that is the reason I am up here. I don't feel that I have
anything to hide. There is bound to be some conflict in this country,
and there is uprisings and the riots and everything, and I think that
these people should come back and make this country as great as it has
been, and I think this greatness of this country is not only because of
the Government, but in spite of the Government. Individuals.

The Chairman. Well, I appreciate your views, and if there is one
thing sacred in America, it is the right to speak out. Congratulations.

Mr. DuBois. Thank you, sir. I may be persecuted. I haven't been
threatened.

The Chairman. Let me tell you this : I said in my opening statement
and I now reiterate, if I have any influence^ — and the members feel
that I do — in this town, if anything occurs to you in the way of threats
or anything else, as the result of your appearance here, you just let
us know.

(At this point Mr. Weltner left the hearing room.)

Mr. DuBois. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman. And as I said, knowing of our Government and
judicial system, I will let the fur fly.

Mr. Appell. Mr. DuBois, before I ask for the production of the
documents called for in tlie subpena, when did you join the Ku Klux
Klan?

Mr. DuBois. To give you the exact date, sir, I could not.

The Chairman, just about.

Mr. DuBois. Approximately 18 months ago. Approximately. I
wouldn't — it could be 12.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE TJ.S, 1835

Mr. Appell. To what unit of the Klan were you assigned as a new
member ?

Mr, DuBois. Sir, I would like to answer this

The Chairman. Well, in what town ?

Mr. DuBois. — in an honest way. Goldsboro, North Carolina.

The Chairman. The Klavern located in Goldsboro, North Carolina.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Now, the reason, Mr. DuBois — and I will tell you
this — that you were subpenaed is because the committee, in the course
of its investigation, obtained the bank account of the Wayne County
Improvement Association, and it found in an examination of these
records that you were a signator to this account.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir, up until several months ago, when I resigned.
They refused my resignation, but my name was withdrawn as a sig-
nator. I still have been keeping the books. I also am finance chair-
man of my church.

The Chairman. Finance chairman of your church.'

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir ; of my local church.

The Chairman. Well, as a matter of fact, you indicated that part
of your schooling was some course in finance.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Do you know whether or not they did file a new sig-
nature card with the bank after you told them of your resignation ?

Mr. DuBois. I am sure they did, sir, because there have been checks
going out since then.

Mr. Appell. Well, the original signature card contained three
names, any two of which were authorized to sign checks.

Mr. DuBois. That is correct, sir.

(Document marked "Joseph DuBois Exhibit No. 2" follows:)

Joseph DuBois Exhibit No. 2

ACCOUNT NAMfc , _. ^ DATt SAVINGS

CHECKING

ACCOUNT NAME. ^^_ ^ DATt

ACCOUNT NUM»t8 ^ ~-\ 'IS^O '" ^^ ?-

SPECIAL

MAIL
ADDRESS

B JSINESS
*ND ADDRESS

'ORMER BANK
R REFERENCES

STREET AND NUMBER

TM|» ACCOUNT l« ACCIPTCn BV WACHOVIA VANK ANO T(»U»T COMPANY tUSJCCT TO TMl MOVISIONft STATCO ••• TM« ■■¥■»•€
SlOl or TM.S C*«0 ABOVC A»C TMI DULY AUTHOMlXCO tiaNATunCft WMtCM TMt SANK WILL HCCOttNIII IH TM« PATHtDT
Of ruND« OM THt TMANSACTION OF OTMCM •UtINKSt

772 REV ■ 62

1836 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. I am not going to ask you who they are. I am going
to state for the record, and if I am wrong I ask you to correct me, that
it was J. A. Price, A. H. Barrow, and yourself, Joseph G. DuBois.

Mr. DuBois. I think that is correct, sir.

Mr. Appell. Now, the name of this account is in the name of the
Wayne County Improvement Association.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Did you know the Wayne County Improvement Asso-
ciation to be the designation of a KLan unit to which Khmsmen were
assigned ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Now, I now ask you, Mr. DuBois, to produce for the
committee the documents in your possession or control called for by
the subpenas.

Mr. DuBois. May I make a statement also, sir, before doing this?
It will concern it, and after that I will.

The Chairman. And you will produce them ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes.

The Chairman. Yes, go ahead.

]\fr. DuBois. On Monday night, the last meeting that we had, I
asked, I explained to the people that I represent that I had been sub-
penaed, and what had been subpenaed, and what was in my custody,
and I asked that they give me a 100 percent showing to bring that, and
every man raised his hand to give me permission to bring this.

I want that known. I don't know these other gentlemen, the higher-
ups in the Klan. Mr. Jones I have met on one or two occasions. I
have been to two rallies in my home area. I do not have time to at-
tend the rallies, because I have my — still have my mother to support,
and my family, and my business to look after, and I can't be running
all over the country. And since the

The Chairman. Well, I congratulate you and your members on
willingness to produce the documents that you are now about to hand
in.

Mr. DuBois. And I had the full cooperation of my local unit, and I
think that — that is the reason I am producing these documents.

The Chairman. All right.

Well, let me ask you this question : I understand, therefore, that, and
you said as much, because you said you were contacted by phone and
by people you don't know — those who suggested that you invoke the
fifth amendment are not members of your Klavem ?

Mr. DuBois. No, sir.

May I ask — pardon me, sir. May I ask that these be returned to me
to return them to my unit at a date

The Chairman. They will have to be studied, and excerpts, I sup-
pose excerpts will do for our purposes, but I don't want to — we are not
in the business of keeping documents for the sake of keeping docu-
ments. We may have to hold them, and scrutinize them a little.

(Documents marked "Joseph DuBois Exhibit No. 3,'' and retained in
committee files. )^

Mr. DuBois. They were put in my custody, sir, and the people had
trust in me that put them in mine, and I would like to see them re-
turned to them.

(At this point Mr. AVeltner returned to the hearing room.)

1 Copies were made of those documents of interest to the committee, and all originals
were returned to witness.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1837

The Chairman. Well, under those circumstances, I am not going to
violate trust. We will reproduce them, but, of course, we are not going
to ask you to violate trust, and you are tendering them to us with the
condition that they be returned, at least for us to make excerpts of such
parts of them as we consider pertinent. That will be understood.

Order. We are still in session.

(The subcommittee conferred off the record.)

The Chairman. Mr. DuBois, I will tell you the way we will proceed :
You hand the documents to Mr. Appell and in your presence he will
give a very general designation of each; we won't have time to
study them, and then so you know what you handed us, and if there is
any misunderstanding about it, because it will be in your presence, it
will be itemized.

Then, if agreeable, we will adjourn until 1:30 so we can examine
them more closely and then return them to you after 1 :30. Will that
be agreeable ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Gentlemen, if there is any way possible, I would like to get out as
soon as possible and get back home to my family and business. I have
been up here 2 days.

Mr. Pool. Mr. Chairman, I don't think we will have time to make
excerpts before 1 :30.

Have the investigator read off what they are.

The Chairman. All right. To the reporter, make a general descrip-
tion of each document, and set them aside, one by one.

All right, I understand you told our general counsel that you are
willing to leave them with us for several days.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Well, we will return them to you. We will make a
list right now.

Mr. DuBois. Fine. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman. But I think it would not — could you, Mr. Appell,
enumerate them, one by one, a checkbook, in very general terms, of
what appears to be such-and-such?

Mr. DuBois. The only thing you have, sir, is a checkbook and a few
receipts, and some deposit slips, which we have been

The Chairman. Well, you are entirely familiar with them.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. And you are not going to demand that we make an
inventory of them right now, and you will trust us.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir. It is time for someone to trust somebody, sir.

The Chairman. Time for someone to trust somebody. You are so
right.

You might give a very general description.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Say it is a checkbook, receipts.

Mr. Appell. There are two checkbooks, imprinted checkbooks.

The Chairman. All right, that is enough.

Mr. Appell. One envelope which contains check stubs.

Mr. DuBois. No check stubs, sir, in there. I haven't had any check
stubs. No check stubs returned. That is the checkbook. I am sorry.
Same thing. That is the old one.

Mr. Appell. Some individual small checkbooks, and looks like bills
which were paid from this account, together with copies of deposit
slips, and a zipper case which contains

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1 21

1838 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. DuBois. There is a quarter in there that was an overage from
the last deposit. It is under your checkbook there, sir.

Mr. Appell. Plus 25 cents, but I will give you back the 25 cents,
so that doesn't get lost in the process.

And some blank deposit forms together with deposit books.

These are the items contained in the material produced.

Mr. DuBois. This is items that were in the deposit. After I ex-
plained that I had those.

The Chairman. That is a correct description of this document; is it
not?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Now the committee will stand in recess until 1 :30.

The subcommittee will come to order.

Mr. Dubois, we would like you to confer with our investigator about
these documents between now and 1 :30. Will you do that ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. The subcommittee is recessed.

(Subcommittee members present at time of recess: Representatives
Willis, Pool, Weltner, and Buchanan.)

(Wliereupon, at 11 :38 a.m., Friday, October 22, 1965, the subcom-
mittee recessed, to reconvene at 1 :30 p.m. the same day.)

AFTERNOON SESSION— FRIDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1965

(The subcommittee reconvened at 1 :4:5 p.m., Hon. Edwin E. Willis,
chairman, presiding.)

(Subcommittee members present : Representatives Willis, Pool,
Weltner, and Buchanan.)

The Chairman. The subcommittee will please come to order.

I understand you have recalled Mr. DuBois.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir ; we have recalled Mr. DuBois.

TESTIMONY OF JOSEPH G. DuBOIS— Kesumed

Mr. Appell. Mr. DuBois, would you briefly outline to the commit-
tee the duties and responsibilities — or let me ask you this. I don't
know for sure whether I put it on the record this morning. Within
the Wayne County Improvement Association, which you identified to
be a club to which members of the Ku Klux Klan were assigned, what
specific position did you hold ?

Mr. DuBois. Treasurer, sir.

Mr. Appell. And within the Klan the treasurer is known as the
klabee ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. What are the duties and responsibilities of a treasurer ?

Mr. DuBois. Well, the only responsibility and duties I had was to
make the deposits and write the checks and then pass them on to
everywhere they were to be sent.

Mr. Appell. Is it true that under the procedures the secretary is
the man who receives money, and makes all the written reports, and
turns the money over to the treasurer for the treasurer to deposit?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir. Of course I don't know whether he gets all
the money or what the deal is as far as collecting or something. Of
course all the money is supposed to be turned into me to make deposits
with and then entered on my record, the check stub, so we will know
at all times what our balance is.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN" IN THE U.S.

1839

Mr. Appell. Let me ask you this. Within the group that you be-
longed, what was the initiation fee paid ?

Mr. DuBois. Well, tlie membership, my membership fee was $10.00.

Mr. Appell. What are the monthly dues ?

Mr. DuBois. We have no monthly dues, sir. It is quarterly.

Mr. Appell. Quarterly within your organization, and what were
the quarterly dues ?

Mr. DuBois. Four and a quarter.
$4.25?

Mr. Appell.

Mr. DuBois.

Mr. Appell

secretary

Yes, sir.
Now, it

is the committee's understanding that the
Wait a minute. I wonder if he understood you.

The Chairman.
$4.25 per quarter ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Per quarter.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. The committee's investigation disclosed that the secre-
tary makes up either on a monthly or a quarterly basis that which is
known as a kligrapp's report which is forwarded to the state or realm
level and also to the imperial level.

This report contains the number of members, and the niunber initi-
ated, and losses and minuses. The money that is to be transmitted, is
this merely the amount requested of you as the treasurer, or are you
given a breakdown of membership upon which you write the check?

Mr. DuBois. No, sir ; I am not given anything but make a check out
for this amount to a certain area.

Mr. Appell. I hand you a series of checks, some endorsed — or show-
ing you as the maker, as a comaker, others without your signature as
a comaker. All of these are made payable to the Alabama Kescue
Service.

Can you tell the committee what the Alabama Rescue Service is?

Mr. DuBois. Well, sir, I don't know exactly what the Alabama
Rescue Sei-vice is, but I know that is where we are supposed to send
our checks or where we are supposed to answer to.

(Documents marked "Joseph DuBois Exhibit No. 4." One check
follows; balance retained in committee files.)

Joseph DuBois Exhibit No. 4

V, o. wm mt (tv I- in

\{£^Ci/Tut. -jLlmm-Cij

nfP

/f^^'

BANK ANnT»l»M
COMPANY

' /oaoooDiaso*'

1840 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairman. I might inform you that the Alabama Rescue Serv-
ice is a front or cover name tliat Mr. SheUon uses and his organization
uses in connection with the operations of the United Ivlans of America.

Mr, Appell. And these checks that were sent or made payable to
the Alabama Rescue Service were for what is known as imperial tax ?

Mr. DuBois. I don't know how they were classified, sir, under the
circumstances. I mean I was just keeping the books for the checks,
of course for the unit.

Mr, Appell. But this was a portion of the dues money collected
from the membership ?

Mr. DuBois. I guess so ; yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. There were a number of checks in this account drawn
to the order of J. R. Jones. Can you tell us what checks payable to
J. R. Jones, as a general rule the purpose for which this money was
drawn ?

Mr. DuBois. I think that — of course, as I said, again I don't know
the amount or anything about it, but it is just like the same thing
that — it is a local or statewide

Mr. Appell. State tax ?

Mr. DuBois. I don't know whether you call it tax or what you would
call it. I mean it is to help operate, I guess, for expenses, Mr. Jones
and his duties,

Mr, Appell, You are familiar with this document called Constitu-
tion and Laws of the United Klans of America, Incorporated, Knights
ofKuKluxKlan?

Mr, DuBois. No, sir ; I have never seen one before.

Mr. Appell. According to that document, 25 cents is supposed to go
to the state or realm and 50 cents to the imperial. Therefore, checks
made payable to Mr, Jones would be the state share and checks to the
Alabama Rescue Service would be the imperial share.

Is that your understanding, sir?

Mr. DuBois. As I said before, sir, I don't know what amount. The
only thing I know we did send checks to them. I don't know what the
amount was or what it was used for. I have tried to keep the books
wiiere they keep the money straight for them. That is all I have done.

The Chairman. I am satisfied thus far, and I know it will be true
throughout the testimony; it would seem that j^ou are handling your
funds all right, but I am asking you this: Do you know what Jones
and Shelton do witli the money that is received from you ?

Mr. DuBois. No, sir; I have no way of knowing except it is supposed
to be to offset expenses incurred in their operation or in the operation
of theKlan.

The Chairman. Did you know, for example, that under the setup
at the Imperial Wizard level, Robert M. Shelton himself, as to monies
that are received from you, deposits those funds in a bank in Cali-
fornia ; that checks he draws against that account are signed by him-
self and supi^osedly by a man by the name of James J. Hendrix or a
man by the name of T. M. Montgomery, but that in fact there are no

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1841

sucli males, and that those persons are thieves, that Hendrix is the wife
of Shelton and Montgomery is someone who works for Shelton?

Did you know that before ?

Mr. DuBois. No sir ; I did not.

Mr. Pool. From what the chairman has told you, what do you sup-
pose would be the reaction of your Klan members back in your Klav-
ern ? What would they think of this revelation ?

Mr. DuBois. Gentlemen, as I said once before, I don't want to break
any sacred trust the people put in me, but I feel that my comitry, God
and my country, comes first and anything else is secondary.

I went to my people at the last meeting and asked them, told them
I had my subpena and what it required me, and asked them permis-
sion to bring this checkbook up here and present to you gentlemen.

I said, "As far as I know, we have nothing to hide. We have never,
of my laiowledge, we have never done anything subversive or destructi-
ble or otherwise. We have a common cause, there was some things we
don't approve of, and I think the only way that you will get representa-
tion is by a majority," and I asked them if I could bring these books
up here, and I had a hundred percent in my unit raise their hand and
give me their confidence.

Mr. Pool. What I am. getting at is this. Well, I don't want to make
this statement. The Imperial Wizard is wearing a big diamond ring
and driving the car the Klan bought him, and the same way with some
of the Dragons,

These revelations should shake up the membership back home when
they find these things out. I don't think they have known about it.

Mr. DuBois. Well, in some cases some of the things possibly they
do know about. Others they don't know about.

The Chairman. What you are trying to say is that you run your
affairs straight ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. You don't know what Jones and others are doing?

Mr. DuBois. Eight. I feel about the Klan and the unit I belong to
just like I do about my church, or my country, or my income tax.
Once I do my part and sent the money in I have done my part and
what happens to it is someone else's worry.

Mr. Pool. I understand.

Mr. DuBois. The same way with my church and my tithes to my
church. Wliat they do with it, if it is misused or otherwise, my con-
science is clear.

The Chairman. It then becomes between them and their God ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir. I still think I have nothing to hide.

The Chairman. We appreciate that.

Mr. DuBois. And people in my local unit as far as I know, has
nothing to hide.

The Chairman. You are not going to be the loser and nothing is
going to happen to you for your frank, open way of expressing your-
self.

1842 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. Let me ask you this : Who possessed the records with
respect to membership? The treasurer, or secretary?

Mr. DuBois. Well, I can answer this much: The treasurer does
not.

Mr. Appell. You have no records which reflect the membership of
your unit ?

Mr. DuBois. No, sir.

Mr. Appell. As a matter of fact, all of the records which were in
your possession you presented to the committee this morning?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. And only as to the financial transactions which are
reflected by these records do you have knowledge ?

Mr. DuBois. No, sir; only what you see and that what I brought up
here is the only thing I have any knowledge of. Of course, we have
never been able to hold a regular meeting as far as I am concerned, like
it should be held according to the Klan, because public opinion and
newspapers and all have been mighty biased on us and have been
pushing us from one area to the other, and it has been rather hard
to keep an organization together. You are roaming around.

The Chairman. In other words, the records that you brought are
the only records that you have control of ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Do you have an estimate of the size of your member-
ship?

Mr. DuBois. No, sir.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, due to the fact that the records sub-
mitted by the witness, together with the documents subpenaed by the
committee, tell the financial story of this unit and due to the fact
that this is the only knowledge possessed by this witness, the staff has
no further questions to ask of this witness.

The Chairman. I just want to tell you this: The committee is
very grateful to you. You have displayed a great deal of courage and
gumption by coming over here and telling us what you know within
your knowledge freely and openly, and I assure you that, whatever
information has been given to you to the contrary, this committee is
interested only in the facts, not interested in subjecting you or any-
one else to harassment or ill treatment for coming over here and
voluntarily and under oath saying all they know.

Mr. DuBois. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman. You have a very wonderful record that you have
displayed here in service to your country and your allegiance to God
and country first, and the feeling that this is superior to any allegiance
to the Klan or anything else, and I admire you for coming here in
view of the things that have transpired, that you talked about in this
committee room, something no one knew about or expected of you,
what you did recite right then and there in public session before a
congressional committee.

Now listen carefully. You are under subpena here.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. In addition to compelling a j)erson to appear in
response to a subpena, a subpena issued by a court, ^rand jury, by a
congressional committee, and the like, carries with it the protection

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1843

of Federal law, meaning that under that law if anyone appears be-
fore a court or grand jury or petit jury or congressional committee
and testifies under oath, then anyone who threatens that person or
who molests him, intunidates him, does anything else, is violating that
Federal law,

I am going to continue the subpena until January 1, 1966. That
means two things. That if developments require, you are under com-
pulsion to report back and, number two, it is for your further pro-
tection as a voluntary witness before a congressional committee.

If there are any threats, intimidations, recriminations, any acts,
verbal or physical, that occur to you or members of your family, so
far as I am concerned, as a result of your appearance, you please just
let me know.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir. Thank you.

Mr. Buchanan. Mr. DuBois, I want to congratulate you for your
military record. We tend to forget that there is freedom in the world
today because of what you and other men like you did in World War
II, and in my opinion freedom Avill continue to survive in this Avorld
because of what men are doing now to resist tyranny in the same way,

I believe you stated that your reason for testifying before this com-
mittee is because you put God first, country second, and other things
fall below that.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Buchanan. And that your loyalty to your country is greater
than your loyalty to any such organization as the Ku Klux Klan.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Buchanan. Is that correct? And that since a law, based firmly
on the Constitution of this country, requires you to testify as you have
testified and because of loyalty to your country you felt impelled to
testify, that you held this to be a higher loyalty and therefore testified
before this committee. Is that correct?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Buchanan. I noticed when you took the oath as a (Jliristian
you swore to tell the whole truth, nothing but the truth, so help you
God.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Buchanan. You swore ratlier than affirming.

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Buchanan. I noted that also. Then, finally, I just want to
confirm this fact: That you have testified twice, I think, you joined
this organization with no idea of wrongdoing as did other members
of your local unit, so far as you are concerned ?

Mr. DuBois. That is correct, sir.

Mr. Buchanan. You, this day, have resigned from this organiza-
tion about which certain questions have been raised in this hearing,
and not your unit I mean, but you did this day resign ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Buchanan. From that organization ?

Mr. DuBois. Yes, sir.

Mr. Buchanan. I want to congratulate you, Mr. DuBois, for your
service to the country in the past and the service you have rendered in
your testimony today.

1844 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. DuBois. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman, Any more questions?

Mr, Appell, No, Mr. Chairman, the staff lias no further questions.

The Chairman, Thank you very much,

Mr, Appell, Thank you.

The Chairman, Call your next witness.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call as our next witness
Mr. Koy Woodle and I would like to request pemiission for Mr. Philip
Manuel, investigator for the committee, to interrogate the witness.

The Chairman. Eaise your right hand.

Mr. Woodle, do you solemnly swear to tell the truth, the whole truth,
and nothing but the truth, so help you God ?

Mr. Woodle. I do.

The Chairman. Mr. Manuel, proceed.

TESTIMONY OF ROY WOODLE

Mr. Manuel. Mr. Woodle, would you please give your full name to
the committee, please ?

Mr. Woodle. Roy Woodle.

Mr. Manual. And how do you spell that last name ?

Mr. Woodle. W-o-o-d-l-e.

Mr. Manuel. When and where were you born ?

Mr. Woodle. In Davidson County, Lexington, North Carolina.

Mr. Manuel. What is your current occupation ?

Mr. Woodle. Bricklayer.

Mr. Manuel. Are you appearing here today, sir, in response to a
subpena served upon you on the 6th of October 1965, sensed upon you
by an investigator of this committee, Mr. Raymond McConnon?

Mr. Woodle. That is right, sir.

Mr. Manuel. Mr. Woodle, have you ever been a member of the
North Carolina Realm of the United Klaus of America ?

Mr. Woodle. Yes, sir ; I have.

Mr. Manuel. When did you become a member of that organization?

Mr. Woodle. Roughly 8 or 9 months ago. I couldn't recall the
date that I became a member of it, but roughly 9 or 10 months ago.

Mr. Manuel. Would that be approximately December of 1964?

Mr. Woodle. Somewhere in that area ; yes.

Mr. Manuel. Under what circumstances did you join the UKA or
the United Klans of America ?

Mr. Woodle. Why did I join the organization ?

Mr. Manuel. Yes, sir.

Mr, Woodle. I joined the organization because I was approached
that it was an organization to present a program against integration,
which I didn't believe in integration, and that it was a Christian
organization, and that is what caused me to join the organization.

Mr. Manuel. Reverend Woodle, do you have a background as a
preacher or a reverend for a church ?

Mr. Woodle. Well, I have been preaching for some 3 years now.

Mr. Manl'el. "\^^lere do you preach, sir ?

Mr. Woodle. I don't preach nowhere in particular riow, just any-
where opportunity, and I preached on the radio for 3 years till re-
cently, about 3 or I months ago.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX XL AN IN THE U.S. 1845

Mr. Manuel. In what city in North Carolina did you preach ?

Mr. WooDLE. The vicinity of Lexington and different churches
that call you to speak for them.

Mr. Manuel. Wlien you became a member of the United Klans of
America to what Klavern or unit were you assigned ?

Mr. Woodle. In Lexington.

Mr. Manuel. To your certain knowledge, do you remember what
number or designation that Klavern had ?

Mr. Woodle. No, to the number, and whatever it went by, I never
went into that and don't know. I saw in the news one night last week
it showed so many different Klaverns and it give the number and I
believe this one was No. 9 or some kind of a No. 9 — let me think just
a minute ; some kind of a club or something under that name.

Mr. Manuel. Upon becoming a member of this Klavern and be-
coming a member of the United Klans of America, did you take an
oath of allegiance

Mr. Woodle. I absolutely did.

Mr. Manuel. To that organization. I would like to at this point
hand you a copy of that oath and ask you to the best of your memory
to identify it for the committee.

Mr. Woodle. Well, now, the way the oath w^as taken — you know,
when you get a thing and going down and a man asks a question and
you repeat after him, I can't recall just word for word what was said
or how it was said.

Mr. Manuel. Is that an oath similar to the one that you subscribed
to?

Mr. Woodle. It looks like it would be about the same thing, but as
far as how it was worded and not worded, I couldn't say because I
didn't know. I have never had one. I have never had an oath or
never been entrusted to me or nothing. I wouldn't know.

(Document previously marked "Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 4.")

Mr. Manuel. Upon your subscription to that oath, did it mention
God?

Mr. Woodle. Yes, it did, in some place it did whenever it was given,
something to that effect, yes.

Mr. Manuel. Reverend Woodle, when you joined this organization
what kind of an organization did you believe it to be ?

Mr. Woodle. Well, I was told it was a religious organization. They
stood for the truth and right and honesty for all, and that is the reason
I finally joined.

Mr. Manuel. During the course of your membership in this orga-
nization did you change your original opinion as you have just out-
Imedit?

Mr. Woodle. Well, let's put it this way : In my way of saying, I was
approached that this organization was a very religious organization,
it stood for the truth and what was right, and it stood against integra-
tion. Now, I stayed in the organization some 8 or 9 months myself
and I done what I thought I was supposed to do, try to carry out my
duty as a member and what was asked them, everything that was asked
reasonable and right, and the whole time I was in I don't find it stood
for religion or against integration. If it did I don't know where the

1846 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

program was or where it performed that. Not in the State of North
Carolina as I know there was an active program against it, and those
was the two main reasons I joined the organization.

The Chairman. Did they say it was a Christian organization ?

Mr. WooDLE. Definitely. When the man comes to me to ask me to
joint I told him I was afraid it would go against my conviction, and
having been a preacher I was afraid it would hurt me, and he told me,
"No, sir; we stand for the truth," and what was right, and I believed
in that and I believed we ought to have had a program against inte-
gration, which every man has a right to believe what he wants to
believe, and that was my motive for joining it, and I believe that 98
percent of the rest of the Klan joined for that reason. If they did or
didn't, I know not. It is just a personal opinion.

Mr. Manuel. Reverend Woodle, while a member of this organiza-
tion did you hold any office or elected position ?

Mr. WooDLE. I was elected State chaplain or the State klood or
kludd, or whatever they call it.

Mr. Manuel. The grand kludd of the Realm of North Carolina ; is
that correct, sir ?

Mr. WooDLE. Yes, sir.

Mr. Manuel. Approximately when were you elected to this
position ?

Mr. WooDLE. January, February, somewhere along tliere.

Mr. Manuel. What year, sir ?

Mr. WooDLE. This year.

The Chairman. Let me say this at this point, along the lines of what
I said this morning, we are not concerned with religious beliefs, theo-
logical, or philosophical, or political beliefs or opinions.

I am permitting you to testify here because you are relating personal
experiences as a Klansman and that is competent testimony because
you are an official Klansman and official chaplain or kludd of the
Realm of North Carolina, and that is important because you are relat-
ing an experience.

Proceed.

Mr. Manuel. Now, Reverend Woodle, at the time you were elected
to the position of grand kludd, was Mr. J. R. Jones elected to the posi-
tion of Grand Dragon for the Realm of North Carolina ?

Mr. Woodle. Yes, sir ; that is right.

Mr. Manuel. Wliat were your main activities while a member of
the Realm of North Carolina, United Klans of America ?

Mr. Woodle. I would go around from rally to rally and speak at the
rallies.

Mr. Manuel. Where and how were your speaking engagements
arranged ?

Mr. Woodle. Well, we just went to the rallies, and they would invite
me up to the — to speak.

Mr. Manuel. Approximately how many rallies were there at which
you were the speaker?

Mr. Woodle. Well, I spoke at several rallies. I couldn't tell you
how many.

I missed the first one they had in the spring, and then I attended
them all, up until I resigned.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1847

The Chairman. You did resign ?

Mr. WooDLE. I did resign.

The Chairman. When was that ?

Mr, WooDLE. About 5 weeks ago.

Tlie Chairman. You might question him more.

Mr. Manuel. While you were preaching at the Klan rallies, what
fund-raising activities were engaged in by the United Klans of
America, while the rallies were going on, or immediately upon their
conclusion ?

Mr. WooDLE. Well, they would just go ahead and take up the offer-
ing, like they do, I mean, out in the field, just go ahead and take up
their offering, just like ordinarily, I reckon. I don't know what
procedure you would call it, but

Mr. Manuel. Now, what method did they employ to collect funds?

Mr. Woodle. Well, they just told the people they needed the money,
needed some help, and set out to get it.

Mr. Manuel. To your knowledge

The Chairman. Who would make that plea? Would Jones be one
of them?

Not putting words in your mouth.

Mr. WooDLE. I don't recall who made the plea, but in my knowl-
edge I believe that Mr. Dorsett done the most of that out in the field.

Now, I wouldn't say, but if others did or not, I don't know. I
don't know who done it. I didn't take notice to keep a record. I
didn't dream of such a thing acoming to pass. If I did, why, there
might have been different arrangements, earlier.

Mr. Manuel. Now, would you please further identify Mr. Dorsett,
whom you just mentioned?

Mr. WooDLE. Mr. Reverend Dorsett, out in Greensboro, North Car-
olina, I believe, I can't say. He was most of the time one of the main
speakers.

Mr. Manuel. Did you know him to be an official of the Realm of
North Carolina ?

Mr. WooDLE. What if he was an official or not, I don't know.

Mr. Manuel. In collecting funds at rallies, to your direct knowl-
edge, did the Klan employ i:)ersons or use persons within the audience
who would come to the speakers' stand and donate an unusually large
amount of money, in order that other members and other attendees
at the rally would then contribute some money ?

Mr. WooDLE. A fellow come to me was a Klansman and said he had
been planted with $50 to bring it forth, that it might bring others to
come forth, but he would get his $50 back.

Now, who he was, I don't know, didn't identify himself, and he
come to me, and said he was troubled over it, after what he had done,
and he hated he had done it.

Now, who he was, I don't know. He was a Klansman. He ap-
proached me later on that stage, and said he felt bad for doing such
a thing.

Mr. Manuel. Are there any other examples of that type of activity
on the part of the United Klans, to your direct knowledge. Rev.
Woodle?

Mr. WooDLE. No, the man come to me with that, and as far as an""
more of it, I know not.

1848 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairman. Well, of course, as a churchman, I take it that you
don't believe in poker or gambling, but some people like that are called
come-see boys, or shills. You wouldn't know about that. The names
of them. He didn't tell you.

Mr. WooDLE. No, sir, I don't tliink no man ought to bow his head
and pray, and then try to deceive a man. I believe in just being, if
you are going to deceive a man, don't pray and ask God to bless it, and
then the man come up and shake his hand say, "May God bless you,"
and going to get around the corner. Personally, I don't believe in
that. The other people can believe what they want to.

Mr. Manuel. Now, Reverend Woodle, did there come a time when
Mr. Bob Jones, the Grand Dragon of the Realm of North Carolina,
offered you a job with the United Klans of America ?

Mr. WooDLE. Yes, sir, I was offered a job with the United Klans of
America.

Mr. Manuel. And what position, exactly, was that ?

Mr. WooDLE. I think it was supposed to be organizer, or something
to that effect.

Mr. Manuel. And did Mr. Jones mention an amount of money or a
salary to you at that time ?

Mr. WooDLE. $150 a week.

Mr. Manuel. Did you take that position ?

Mr. WooDLE. No, I didn't take it. I was about to take it, but after
I come to the conclusion that a man couldn't go under dictatorship
without a reason, why, to stand up with principle, a fellow couldn't
afford to, and I had to withdraw from it.

I was almost persuaded to do it, but after giving it thought for 2 or
3 days, I couldn't accept it.

The Chairman. You would say that Mr. Jones and the head people
in the Klan have pretty good power of persuasion ?

Mr. WooDLE. Anybody who is paying you, most of the time, you
have to listen to them. And I don't think a Christian, or any man with
any self-responsibility, should have to go under a man that cusses the
name of the Lord and a man tries to do halfway right, and I mean,
that is just my conviction of people do what they want to do.

In my position, I didn't feel like — I was obligated to God, and my
friend to go under dictatorship to no man.

The Chairman. What do you mean by dictatorship? Do you re-
gard Klan or Klan leaders in such kind of fashion ?

Mr. WooDLE. I wouldn't know how to say that.

The Chairman. Well, say it in your own words, and don't go be-
yond what

Mr. WooDLE. I think every man ought to have a right to speak liis
piece without trouble. Regardless of circumstances. And whenever
a man has to live under fear the rest of his life because he had to sleep
with hisself at night against his conviction, I don't believe he should
go under that. If you have to die, don't go under it. That's my
conviction.

Mr. Manuel. Did Mr. Jones try to persuade you to act other than
in accordance with your convictions?

Mr. WooDLE. I don't quite understand your queslioii, sir.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1849

Mr, Manuel. Well, did Mr. Jones or any other leader in the Klan
organization 1 i-y to make you act one way, in disagreement with what
you thought was right ?

Mr. WooDLE. No, not while I was there. Nobody approached me on
that, under no

The Chairman. Well, except for tempting you with a salary as an
organizer. You didn't think that was right.

Mr. WooDLE. Oh, it would have been all right, if I had wanted to do
it, but I didn't feel like that that condition, under the conditions that
I would have to go under, have to give an account to certain people at
certain times, at their call, I don't believe in.

Mr. M^VNUEL. Would you describe that more for the committee, Mr.
Woodle?

Mr. WooDLE. Well, say, if aman had called me at midnight, I have
got to get up and go under all conditions, why I don't — I mean, I just
felt like I couldn't be at liberty with that job.

The Chairman. Let me ask you : Did you understand that, if you
accepted that position, that you would be subject to

Mr. WooDLE. I was chargeable to Mr. Jones. I would have felt like
I would have been chargeable to Mr. Jones, if I had of took the job.

The Chairman. Then you think you would be under his influence,
and would have to respond to whatever he called on you to do ?

Mr. WooDLE. That would have been my belief, but the reason I
couldn't accept it, yes.

Mr. Manuel. Now

Mr. Pool. Just a minute.

And you had some reservations about what Mr. Jones might ask you
to do?

Mr. WooDLE. Yes. In a broad statement, that would be— you have to
consider what could — what it could lead to.

Mr. Manuel. Now, Eeverend Woodle, how did you tell Mr. Jones
that you would not accept this job?

Mr. WooDLE. After I was exposed, was going to accept the job, and
then I guess I was talking somewhere that I wasn't going to accept it,
and the word got back to him through — I don't know what you would
call it. I never was approached or mentioned no more about it.

Mr. Manuel. What happened to you, very briefly, as a result of
your refusing to accept this job as organizer for the Realm of North
Carolina ?

Mr. WooDLE. Nothing. That was just the last of it.

Mr. Manuel. Yes. Now, are you still a member of the Realm of
North Carolina, United Klans of America ?

Mr. WooDLE. No, sir.

Mr. Manuel. Would you please inform the committee as to why
you left that organization ?

Mr. WooDLE. Just why I got out of the organization ?

Mr. Manuel. Yes, sir.

Mr. WooDLE. Well, when I was in the organization, I joined it, as I
told yod a while ago, for the principle they told me it was standing
for. And I joined, of course, those was two things I didn't see no
action on whatsoever. And I got a telephone call.

1850 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

I went to a 3-day rally, and I got a telephone call the next week. I
had been talking about resigning several weeks before, on different
occasions, about different things, but I was asked to stay on, and stay
on, and I felt obligated to the people, to the job I hold.

I did preach the truth to the people, and the Klansmen will verify
that, I believe, and so I got a telephone call that I was to be set down,
it was my friend acalling me, to "Get set, it's coming," and I just took
it for what it's worth, and about 2 days later it come, that I was sup-
posed to not be allowed back on the platform no more, and so you know
when something is coming on you, you don't know what it is all about,
you get inquisitive, and I tried to ask a few questions why, and some of
them said I said something against Mr. Shelton, and I have never said
a word against Mr. Shelton. Said I got on the platform at Trenton,
Trenton, North Carolina, and talked against Mr. Shelton, therefore I
had to go down.

I never got on the platform and said nothing against Mr. Shelton
or no other Klansmen, and so I just decided, well, that looks pretty
bad, a man

So I asked for a reason why, and what did I say ?

So I called the man, Mr. Jones, and asked him, "What did I say?"

And he said I got on the platform and said something.

I asked them, "What did I say?" and, "We don't know, you just
said something."

But then when I figure a man is accusing a man and can't tell him
what he is accusing of, a leader of a great religious organization, then
it is time to stand for something.

Mr. Manuel. Did you subsequently find out why they wanted you
removed from the platform as a speaker at their rallies ?

Mr. WooDLE. Personally, I knew no man's motive, and I don't know
why, but I had my opinion, my opinion why, but as far as their motive,
why they done it, I don't know. I don't know no man's motive.

Mr. Manuel. Wliat was the date of your leaving the Klan orga-
nization, Reverend Woodle?

Mr. WooDLE. I would say 5, 6 weeks ago.

The Chairman. Well, if you thought about it, and if what you
thought the reasons were, behind the move to stop you from taking
the stand, and so on, and you are convinced of that, I would like for you
to explain what motivated you, what opinion motivated you.

Mr. WooDLE. ^Vlien I got in the Klan, people was nice to me, and
I found 98 percent of the Klansmen is, I believe to be, honest and sin-
cere people, and they was very nice to me, and my opinion, that was
the reason I had to go down, because people was a little too nice to me.

Popularity didn't speak at the right place, in my opinion, and I
just felt like that I was being mistreated, and

The Chairman. Mistreated, or perhaps

Mr, WooDLE. Just pushed out without a cause, and I told Mr. Jones,
"If I have done anything wrong, you tell me what I have done, and
I am subject to a mistake, and I apologize, but if I liaven't done wrong,
I would like to have a reason for it," and I got the answer, "We don't
have to give reasons."

It suited me fine.

Mr. Manuel. Reverend Woodle, were you actually challenging Mr.
Jones for leadership in the Realm of North Carolina?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1851

Mr. WooDLE. I never challenged — I didn't never ask to get on the
speakei's' platfonn, I never asked to do nothing. I just tried to do
kind of like I was told to do, as a citizen, and was going to have an
organization to stand for decency and what was right.

Mr. Manuel. Now, Reverend Woodle, at the time that you de-
scribed, and you fell in disfavor with Jones and the other leaders of
the Realm of North Carolina

The Chairman. "Well, let me ask you this question: During this
period of time when you were trying to find out why it was that you
would not be permitted to take the stand more, and that Mr. Jones
told you that he didn't have to tell you why, did you detect that the
leaders kind of shunned you, and ignored vou, or any attitude like
that?

Mr, AVooDLE. Well, you see, I got calls from different people, and
was telling me to look out, "Get set, it's coming," see, from people was
friends of mine, and I figured it must have been a friend, or he
wouldn't have told me, so I just took it for granted, and I set guard,
and what they said was going to happen did happen, so I figured it
must have been the truth.

The Chairman. Did they indicate what might happen, or

Mr. Woodle. Wliat do you mean ?

The Chairman. You said people called you and told you certain
things.

Mr. Woodle. To get set, things Avas coming, they was going to do
away with me.

The Chairman. Well, that's what I mean. And they were friends
of yours ?

Mr. Woodle. Well, they said they was, I mean, a man just calls
you on the phone and don't tell you who it is, you consider that.

The Chairman. And you treated them as friends? You thought
they were your friends ?

Mr. Woodle. Definitely.

The Chairman. And they said that you had better watch out, some-
thing would happen to you, or words to that effect ?

Mr. Woodle. They didn't say something was going to happen, but.
"Get set, they are taking out against you."

The Chairman. Did they say anything more about what they meant
by that?

Mr. Woodle, No, not at that time, no.

The Chairman, Later on ?

Mr. Woodle. Lrter on, people told me different things, And this
story that I had said something against Mr. Shelton didn't go over too
good, the people was at the really realized that I didn't get on the plat-
form and say nothing against Mr. Shelton or no other Klansman, and
anybody Avas at that rally can verify that.

Then the story come out that the Government bought me a home, to
come in the outfit to break it up, to get my friends against me, see, and
that my boy, when he finished school, the Government bought him a
car for me to rat on them.

The Chairman, That was not true ?

Mr, Woodle. The story of my boy's car, he bought liim a 1963 Mer-
cury, and we took out an insurance policy when the boy was borned.

1852 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

and when he finished school — it was paid up when he was 10 years old,
and he cashed it in and got $300-some on the policy, and to make a down

Eayment on the car, and he is paying People's Finance Company in
exington. North Carolina, $70 a month for the 30 months to pay for
the car.

The Chairman. And yet they were saying what about your boy ?

Mr. WooDLE. About the car and stuff, that I was planted in the
outfit to tear it up, and I never did speak to a Government man, no law
enforcement officer, under no conditions, till I got this subpena.

The Chairman. In other words, they were in effect saying that you
were telling things, telling tales, and spying on them, or something?

Mr. WooDLE. That's what my friends that was in the Klans tell me.

This was from rally hall to rally hall. Different people would call
me, I would meet with different people, that would tell me that was
what was happening.

The Chairman. What about the home ?

Mr. WooDLE. And I just built me a home, and I went to Perpetual
Savings and Loan Association and borrowed $15,500 to purchase the
home, and that the Government's buying me that to get in the Klan
to tear it up, such as that, to try to tear my influence down with the
people, because they was nice to me.

That's that great Christian organization I am talking about.

Tlie Chairman. You think they were planting those things on you?

Mr. WooDLE. To turn the people against me. That's what I believe.

I don't know what the motive was. That was my opinion.

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Manuel. Reverend Woodle, at the time that you — after you left
the Klan, did you receive a phone call, from a pei'son whom you know
to be a Klansman, threatening you to bodily harm ?

Mr. WooDLE. I don't know what if you would call it bodily harm or
not. Said he had the authority to do away with me. [Laughter.] •

The Chairman. Well, I would say you could classify it that.
[Laughter.]

Mr. Manuel. To your certain knowledge

The Chairman. He wants to say something.

Mr. Manuel. Go ahead.

The Chairman. If you want to.

Mr. Woodle. No, go ahead, sir.

Mr. Manuel. To your certain knowledge, do you know the identity
of the person who so telephoned you ?

Mr. Woodle. Well, the fellow called me and told me a certain man
was going to call me, and about an hour later, he did call me.

Mr. Manuel. And who was that?

Mr. Woodle. Mr. Hamby, Boyd Hamby.

Mr. Manuel. Mr. Boyd Hamby?

Mr. Woodle. Yes, sir.

Mr. Manuel. Did you know at that time that Boyd Hamby was an
official of the Realm of North Carolina for the United Klans of
America ?

Mr. Woodle. I didn't know that he was. I still don't know that he
is. I had heard that he was.

The Chairman. You heard that he was what? What officer?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1853

Mr, WooDLE. That he was official in (he Klan. A full-time man, but
what if he was or not, it is just hearsay. I don't know nothing about
it.

The Chairman. Someone phoned you before and said this man
would phone you, and he did ?

Mr. WooDLE. And said he was going home and call me.

The Chairman. And he did?

Mr. WooDLE. And about an hour later, I got a call, and he identi-
fied himself as that.

"WHio it was, I don't know, over the phone. I just took it for granted
the fellow told me he was going to call, he did call, and I figured that
was it.

The ChairjMan. Well, the first one who called you to tell you that
that second one would call you is a friend of yours ?

Mr. WooDLE. He didn't identify hisself, but I took him as a friend.
I appreciated the man calling me. I was set for it when he called me.

Mr. Manuel. Reverend Woodle, do you know Mr. Boyd Hamby
when you see him?

Mr. WooDLE. Yes, sir.

Mr. Manuel. Have you seen him in this hearing room today ?

Mr. WooDLE. Yes, sir, he is here.

Mr. Manlt:l. Would you stand up and identify Mr. Boyd Hamby ?

Mr. WooDLE. The felloAv sitting right back there, with tlie mustache.

Mr. Manuel. In the front row ?

Mr. Woodle. Yes, sir.

Mr. Manuel. Fourth seat ?

Mr. Woodle. Yes, sir.

Mr. Manuel. And that man threatened your life ?

Mr. Woodle. No.

Tlie Chairjsian. He said

Mr. Woodle. He had the authority

Mr. Manuel. To do you in ?

The Chairman. To do away with you ?

Mr. Woodle. Now, I took it for granted. I didn't — for what it
said. I didn't — he didn't say he was going to kill me or hurt me,
or nothing, but I just kind of tried to get on guard.

Mr. Manl^el. Subsequent to that telephone call, were any other
acts of intimidation made upon you ?

Mr. Woodle. Nothing, only a cross was burned in my yard. That's
the only other thing.

The Chairman. When M-as that about, after that telephone call?
If you remember.

Mr. Woodle. The night after the CBS news report on the Klan, it
was burned.

Tlie Chairman. The night after you appeared on CBS News, they
burned the cross ?

Mr. Woodle. Yes, on my lawn.

The Chairman. On your lawn ?

Mr. Woodle. Yes, sir.

That was some of the money they prayed over to build that cross.
[Laughter.]

The Chairman. What?

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1 22

1854 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. WooDLE. That money where they used

The Chairman. Wliat?

Mr. WooDLE. This money that they prayed over and asked God to
bless, they burnt it up in kerosene and cross and burlap bags,

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Woodle, did you say that was the night fol-
lowing the CBS report ?

Mr. Woodle, Yes, sir, I believe that's correct.

Mr. Weltner. Now, that would be the 22d day of September ; would
it not?

Mr. Woodle. I believe that is right, now.

Mr. Weltner. And tell me, if you will, Mr. Woodle, when you
saw the cross burning in your front yard, what did you take that for ?
You considered that to be a message of some kind ? [Laughter.]

Mr. Woodle. What do you mean, sir, by "message of some kind" ?

Mr. Weltner. What did you interpret that burning cross on your
front yard to mean ?

Mr. Woodle. Stupidity. [Laughter.]

Mr. Chairman. No, the act was stupidity, but do you — I am sorry.

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Woodle, my question is this : When you saw the
cross burning on your front yard, did you interpret that as a sign of
displeasure, possibly, from whoever erected that cross and set it on
fire?

Mr. Woodle. Undoubtedly, apparently I felt like somebody must
have been displeased or something, dissatisfied.

Mr. Weltner. Well, did that raise any fears in your mind about any
possible acts against you or your family ?

Mr. Woodle. No, that didn't bring the worries on, that has been on
a few days before that, already, but the reason I didn't even get in the
act, a fellow had me on the telephone while the act was going on. That
was the onliest reason. I would have saw the act, if it hadn't been for
that. Caught me off guard on the telephone.

Mr. Weltner. Well, what does it mean to an ordinary pei-son who
has a cross burned on his front yard ?

Mr. Woodle. I couldn't speak for nobody but myself. I don't know
what it would mean to you or some other fellow.

Mr. Weltner. Thank you.

Mr. Pool. Did the cross-burning on your front yard, did that repre-
sent a threat to you or your family f

Mr. Woodle. I had already had the threat, and when I got this little
telephone call, I was — I mean, as far as the cross-burning, it was just —
and it Avas just another thing, as far as its worrying me any more,
worry didn't come on to me account of that.

Mr. Pool. You didn't consider that an additional threat, then, or
did you ?

Mr. Woodle. No.

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr, Manuel. Reverend Woodle, with further reference to the tele-
phone call which you described, from the person whom you identified
as Boyd Hamby, would you tell the committee what else, if anything,
was said in that conversation?

Mr. Woodle. Let me first clarify that I don't know it was Mr.
Hamby on the phone. Because he was on the other end of the line, I
wouldn't see him.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1855

I just took for granted he was, and he identified himself as that, and
I have heard so many times and so many different lies, I don't know
what to believe sometimes, so I took it for granted it was him, but 1
couldn't swear on an oath that it was him.

The Ch AiRiviAN. He said he was ?

Mr. WooDLE. Yes.

Mr. Manxiel. The person on the phone identified himself?

Mr. WooDLE. As Mr. Hamby.

It might not have been. It might have been somebody else.

Mr. Pool. You haven't ever talked to Mr. Hamby on the phone be-
fore ? You had no way to recognize his voice ?

Mr. WooDLE. Yes, I have talked to him before on the phone. It
sounded like his voice. Personally, I believe it was, but I have got no
way of swearing to it.

Mr. Manuel. But the pei*son did identify himself as Boyd Hamby ?

Mr. WooDLE. Yes.

Mr. Manuel. Did anything else transpire in that telephone

Mr. WooDLE. Well, there was a pretty good little conversation go-
ing on.

It amounted to several words.

Mr. IVIanuei.. Would you briefly tell the committee what was said?

Mr. WooDLE. Well, he said that I was ordered to get out and leave us
alone, and I asked him who "us" was, and he never told me who "us"
was, and I told him we will play the game any way you want to play.

I told him, "My dues is paid, yourn is, and I don't think nobody has
got a right to throw a man out without reason."

I told him, "We will play the game any way you want to play it.
You name it. We'll play it."

Wlien you get pushed around and pushed around, you know, you can
rub a sore too much, and you just take too much.

After I had went out and put my life in an effort to try to be a man
of honesty, and I got enough, in that great religious organization.

Mr. Manuel. Reverend Woodle, when you appeared on the CBS
program on the Ku Klux Klan, you were asked, "Do some of the Klan
leaders misuse the people's money?"

Will you now please answer that question for the committee?

Mr. Woodle. It is according to what you call misusing money. I
guess they just take it to do what they please with it.

I mean, it's theirs, after they get it, and I don't figure — I guess it is
theirs to do what they please. I mean, I don't hardly know how to
answer that, but

Mr. Manuel. Well, do you have any knowledge of where the money
goes, and what it is used for, after it is taken in by the leadership?

Mr. Woodle. Personally, I got a $20 check one time from Mr. Jones
on a 3-day trip for about 250 miles, and for myself, I bought gas on
credit to go to rallies, and go to rallies, and go back and forwards, to
try to support, and what they do with it, outside of that $20, I don't
know what they do with it.

Mr. Manuel. Well, does the leadership of the Klan keep their mem-
bership informed of their activities? Regularly? To your certain
knowledge ?

Mr. Woodle. If they keep the members informed, in their activi-
ties ? Now, what you mean, I don't quite get it.

1856 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairman. He is talking about finances, I take it.

We are now talking about finances. Is the membership kept in-
formed as to Avhat is done with the money ? Do they get a monthly
report, or every 6 months, which indicates the realm receives so much
money, and here is what they spend it for ?

That is what he means, I think.

Mr. WooDLE. Not to my knowledge, there is no way, none of that
is

The Chairman. And that is why you say from all you know, they
do what they please witt the money ?

Mr. WooDLE. That's right. As far as I know, nothing to that effect.
I have no records of nothing, never heard nothing to that effect, that
they ever report on nothing, or nothing of the kind.

Mr. Pool. They never do have the treasurer get up and read a treas-
urer's report, or any thing like that ?

Mr. WooDLE. Not to my knowledge, no.

The Chairman. And you attended many rallies, but besides your
own Klavern?

Mr. WooDLE. Yes. I would go to about all the rallies. I felt like
that I was wanted, and after I got in the Klan and saw the good peo-
ple in the Klan, I tried to preach the truth to them, be truthful to
them, and honest with the people.

I don't think a Klansman can say I wasn't honest to him, and tried
to be truthful with him at all times. I took an oath to be honest, but
I didn't take no oath for people to call me up and cuss me and lie on
me.

I didn't take no oath for people out taking poor people for their
money. I didn't take no oath to that effect, and just go out and lie
on people, and accuse them of being in the Government, the Govern-
ment paying them, I didn't take no oath to stand for nothing like that.

I took an oath to stand like a man, and I think that's what a man
ought to stand like — a man.

The Chairman. And you are standing like a man here today under
oath.

Mr. WooDLE. Trying to, doing my best.

The Chairman. Well, at these rallies, in the field, as you call them,
now away from your own Klan, where you had speakers, and where
money was raised, and where on one occasion at least a man told you he
was given a $50 bill to put in the kitty to

Mr. WooDLE. Try to lure others.

Tlie Chairman. Lure others

Mr. WooDLE. In other words, I say, deceiving them, bewitching
them.

The Chairman. That is right, to deceive them, to bewitch them.

Now, at those rallies, after they picked the money, did they say, well,
in all the rallies together, we received so many dollare, and we want
to tell you what we did with those dollars? Did they tell you that
kind of thing ?

Mr. WooDLE. Yes, a couple of occasions, they did. Two or three
times, they done that, how much they had received. They sure did.

The Chairman. Did they put that on a piece of paper, or did they
just say it?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1857

Mr. WooDLE. Just said it, or now what they had on the piece of
paper, I don't know.

The Chairman. They didn't give you a statement?

Mr. WooDLE. No,

The Chairman. Written out, and said, "AVe received so much money
in North Carolina, or in the Klavern, or this month, and here is what
we did with the money," aiid put that in writing?

Mr. WooDLE. Not to my ability.

The Chairman. Go on.

Mr. Manuel. Now, Reverend Woodle, as a person who has traveled
watli other Klan leaders to rallies, and so forth, could you tell the com-
mittee how^ these leaders live when they are on the road, traveling?

Mr. WooDLE. Wliat do you mean in "how they live"?

Mr. Manuel. What kind of

Mr. WooDLE. Of condition they live?

Mr. Manltel. That is right.

Mr. WooDLE. Firet class. Rib eye steaks. Cadillacs.

In my opinion, that's what it is. I mean, it might be different.
They might not have it, but in all indications, that's what I seen.

The Chairman. They lived "high on the hog.''

Mr. WooDLE. And then on other occasions, I saw poor men out on
the side, can't hardly pay their bills, supporting it, and promisintr
you, "We are going to give you the victory. We are going to stand.
We are going to stand," but ain't nobody found out w^hat they are go-
ing to stand for.

Burning a cross, I know that. I don't know wliat else, and I don't
appreciate it.

Mr, Pool. Most of them drive Cadillacs?

Mr. WooDLE. And eat rib eye steaks, and live in first class motels.
In what I saw.

Mr. Pool. Do very many of them wear diamonds ?

Mr. WooDLE. Pretty good-sized ones, yes, and I don't imagine they
had to buy theirs on credit, like I did.

Mr. Pool. How about their clothes ? Did tlu\y go in the best clothes,
I guess?

Mr. WooDLE. It looks very good.

But don't misunderstand me. A man's worth is his heart, but don'l
tell me you are standing against integration and for the Christian
religion, and that's two things you never touch. If they do, I don't
know — not in North Carolina — know of it.

In my honest opinion, the way I see it, come into town this month,
have a rally, get all the money you can get, and get out, and say, "Now,
you folks work hard, get all the members you can. We wull be back
next year for another rally,"

And it's not because people really want it that way. People is de-
ceived. It is just like a man that is drownding. They see this thing
come along. They grab the first limb coming along.

I am afraid there — there are a lot of good, honest people. If I
knowed what I know today, I would have been somewhere else.

I was misled, and I hate that I influenced people to be misled, and
a lot of them have come and told me I influenced them to join it, and
I hate I done it, and I li0ve saw my mistake, and I hate it.

1858 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Not that I don't say ^ve don't need a program. I am for the pro-
gram, but let's don't say we are doing one thing, and doing something
else.

That is where I oppose it at. I think a bricklayer ought to lay brick,
and if a man's got a program to oppose something, I think it ought
to come forth. I don't think it ought to be rode out in Cadillacs.

Mr. Manuel. Now, Reverend Woodle, are you, and since the time
that you left this organization, are you in fear of your life ?

Mr. Woodle. Well, I am expecting — at any time, anything happens
won't surprise me. And I am looking for it.

But I believe the Lord will take care of me. If He's not able, I am
ready to go, anyhow. If God will let a God-cusser run over me, I
am ready to go.

I believe God will protect me. I believe He will cause the man to
stumble, that I can see him first, or something, and with God as my
helper, I will have something around.

Mr. Manuel. Do you have any reason or indication to believe that
certain specific individuals would do you bodily harm, either you or
your family ?

Mr. Woodle. I believe if a man will deceive a poor man that can't
hardly pay his bills, look out for anything.

Mr. Manuel. Do you feel threatened by any specific individual
whom you have known within the Realm of North Carolina or within
the whole organization of the United Klans of America ?

Mr. Woodle. I am real suspicious of several people.

Mr. Manuel. Reverend Woodle, w^liat is the extent of your actual
fear, and who is it that you do fear, within the Klan ?

Mr. Woodle. I don't actually fear no man that's openly and that I
have been put wise to, that's certain, but you can look for it to come
from out of town, or most anywhere.

In my opinion, look for it anywhere. When I go out the door of
a morning, I am looking in the bushes to see what might be there.
And I am expecting to live that way the rest of my life, but I am ready
to stand that way.

The Chairman. Why are you suspicious ?

IVhat?

Mr. Woodle. Well, when you get a telephone call that people's
hired to do away with you, and a cross is being burnt in your yard,
and people don't have no respect for children, women, dogs, or people's
children with nothing to eat, you have to beware of that.

That's Castro's policy — Communists.

Mr. Pool. Do you know of any acts of violence that these people
have committed on other people ?

Mr. Woodle. No, sir.

Mr. Pool. That's not why you are afraid of them? You are afraid
of them for these other things ?

Mr. Woodle. On general principles. On just general principles,
just take everything and put it in a pot, and that's what you have

But don't misunderstand me, now. I believe -98 percent of the
people is honest and sincere. I believe the most of them was.

A man kept coming to me and persuading me, "This is the organiza-
tion. We need you. You will stand ; we want you."

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1859

And everything lie told me about tlie organization before I got in
it, not one thing he told me proved out to be true. Not one item.
Tliat the man had gotten me to join the Klan proved to be what he
said it was.

Mr. Pool. So you were speaking of some of the leaders in the Klan
when you mentioned these things ?

Mr. WooDLE. In other words, a leader leads his men to victoi'y.
A dictator drives them to caj)tivity, in my opinion. A lot of difference
in a leader and a driver.

The Chairman. Go on.

Mr. Manuel. Reverend Woodle, while you were a member of the
Lexington Klavern, did you buy a robe ?

ISIr. WooDLE. No, sir.

Mr. Manuel. Was any attempt made to get you to buy a robe?

Mr. Woodle. Some fellow said they would pay for me a robe, but
I told them I didn't want one, but it never did come through.

I told them I didn't do nothing I was ashamed of; about 4 years
ago, I quit doing what I was ashamed of, that's the reason I used to
hide when I would do something I didn't want nobody to know, and
I quit that.

Mr. Manuel. Now, other than your speaking activities, to rallies
and the like would you please inform the committee of your other
activities as a member of the Realm of North Carolina UKA?

Mr. Woodle. Didn't have no other activities.

Mr. Manuel. That is all you did, was speak ?

Mr. Woodle. At the rallies.

Mr. Manuel. At the rallies ?

Mr. Woodle. Yes.

Mr. Manuel. Why were you selected to speak at rallies ?

Mr. Woodle. Well, the fellow just called on me, and I would get
up and open the Book and preach.

Mr. Manuel. And who was it who requested you to speak?

Mr. Woodle. Well, whoever was taking care of it

Mr. IVIanuel. At each rally?

Mr. Woodle. Whoever was calling the speakers to the platform.
It w^ould be different ones at times.

(Discussion off the record.)

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Woodle, you stated a few momeiits -ago that
your only activities with the Realm of North Carolina were to attend
rallies, and you have also stated that at the rallies there was an effort
made to collect funds from the audience.

Do you know whether any of the money collected at those rallies
was ever turned over to the local Klavern, that is, the local unit of the
Realm of North Carolina in the vicinity where the rally was held ?

Mr. Woodle. As far as I know, and in the reports, you know, what
you hear while you are traveling, you know, it all went one way.

Mr. Weltner. Which way was that?

Mr. Woodle. However Mr. Jones — I don't have no knowledge of
any local outfit keeping any of the money that is took up at a rally.

You see, in this, I believe that when you get a pearl, then you get
a phony; when you get the real Klan, then you get a phony Klan.

That's someone trying to imitate and deceive the people, and they
all don't work alike, in my opinion.

1860 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Weltner. As far as you know, all of the money collected went
to the state office, and none of it stayed to promote Klan activities
in the area ?
Mr. WooDLE. As far as I know, that's right.

Mr. Weltner. Now, these rallies were held to generate new mem-
bers and to expand the membership of the local Klans ; were they not?

Mr. WooDLE. I believe the rally was. It seemed to be that way,
but my opinion, the rallies was held to agitate the people.

Mr. Weltner. Was there any — to your knowledge, was there any —
action taken by the state officers at the rallies to organize locally, or
did they just move on to somewhere else ?

Mr. WooDLE. In my opinion, just to move on out. Get what you
can, and go back, "I'll see you in a few more months, if you can get
enough people together to have another rally.*'

That is my opinion. I don't know. That's how I take it.

Mr. Senner. Mr. Chairman, I have one question.

Reverend Woodle, at any of these rallies that you attended, did any
of the speakers advocate violence against integration or the use of vio-
lence by the Klan against integration?

Mr. WooDLE. I believe that's what has got the most of the people
deceived. They are using that as a screen. Making the people think
they are going to do something about integration. "Wliile they are
doing the work the other way.

That is my opinion.

Mr. Senner. I take it, then, your answer is that viole;ice was
preached ?

Mr. WooDLE. No, not as I luiow of. That violence, never no indi-
cation of it. It is deceit, not violence.

Mr. Senner. Wliat did they preach ? I mean, what did they lecture
or talk about, these other speakers, relative to integration?

Mr. WooDLE. Sir?

Mr. Senner. "Wliat did these speakers talk about, as a preventive
measure against integration, at these rallies?

Mr. Woodle. That's what has got the organization caught. Nothing
against that, but using that to get their white i)eople to rally behind
them.

In other words

The Chairman. Mostly for fund-raising?

Mr. WooDLE. In my opinion, just to get what we can out of the peo-
ple, and you go to — and we are going home.

That's my opinion. I don't know the other man's motive. I don't
know your motive, or his, but in my opinion, it's to draw, to agitate
the white people, to get them to thmk we are standing against inte-
gration, we are going to stand for right, we are going to give you the
victory, we are going to take care of your schools, your churches, they
are not going to integrate, join our organizations; but at the end, no
plan, nothing to do, for that. Nothing whatsoever, to my ability.

If there is anything in the State of North Carolina to stand against
integration, by this United Klans of America, Incorporated, the rea-
son I joined the organization, we have no word of where that takes
place.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1861

Mr. Sennek. Well, I take it that apparently the organization in and
of itself is using the money, in your opinion, not to carry out the pur-
poses in which they are telling the people at the rally. Is that correct ?

Mr. "WooDLE. Well, if anywhere they had a plan against integra-
tion, I don't know where it's at. You fellows might know, but I don't.

Mr. Senner. Well, to raise money, do speakers at these rallies, on
behalf of the United Klans of America, Incorporated, specifically or
generally, outline methods in Avhich they are going to take care of the
integration problem in the schools, the hospitals, and other places?

Mr. WooDLE. You will have to ask that again. I didn't catch that.

Mr. Senner. Do the speakers at these rallies advocate any plan in
which they are going to take care of the problem of integration?

Mr. AVoodle. That's where the secret is.

If the poor people that's in it could wake up and see they don't
liave no plan, that would change the course, they would go join an
organization that had apian to do something.

That's my interpretation.

Mr. Senner. I understand your opinion, that the United Klans has
no plan.

Mr. WooDLE. Not to my ability. Under no condition.

Mr. Senner. Now, at these local rallies, are there speakers on be-
Ixalf of the Klan that are advocating some plan ?

Mr. WooDLE. Oh, they say, "We are the organization. We are
going to do it."

Mr. Senner. Do they tell how they are going to do it ?

Mr. WoODLE. That's w^here the lack of leadership comes.

You need a platform to go forth, a program. That's the reason.
We don't have it, see, and the poor people, just like a man said a
while ago, a man drowning, he will be grabbing anything that comes
along, and that's what the people is doing, in my opinion, because
there is some fine people in that organization, and there is some good
Christian people in it, and a lot of people have been misled, like
I have, I am afraid.

Mr. Senner. W^ell, have you heard any speaker at a Klan meeting
or rally advocate violence against integration ?

Mr. WoODLE. No.

Mr. Senner. Have they advocated any type of plan to stop inte-
gration ?

Mr. WooDLE. Nothing as I know of.

You people know more about it than I do. I know nothing about
whether — that's the reason I say, society's wrong somewhere.

A bricklayer ought to — I go out to lay brick, if I never lay none,
people will say, "He's a phony." And I believe if the United Klans
of America was standing .against integration, they ought to have some
kind of a program.

People run out here 2 or 3 years, and nothing done. I don't under-
stand it. I mean, it gets me confused.

The Chairman. Will you yield to me ?

Mr. Senner. Yes.

1862 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairjman. What you are saying, as I understand, is that
whereas that was your purpose in joining, and that was what was
told you was the plan

Mr. WooDLE. Yes.

The Chairman. — that instead of putting that plan into effect,
they are using the poor members to get more money, and to highball.

Mr. WoODLE. Now, that is my opinion. I don't know the other
man's motive. I don't know your motive, or no Klan member's motive,
but I had a motive, and I know what my motive was.

It don't work that way. It worked different. I have spent more
grief, more sorrow, more aches and pains, since I have been in that
organization than I have in the 41 years of my life.

Mr. Senner. Reverend Woodle, if they burned any crosses at these
rallies that you attended

Mr. WooDLE. Oh, yes.

Mr. Senner. Wliat was the purpose of burning a cross at the rally ?
What was the symbolic purpose ?

Mr. WooDLE. I guess to kind of excite the people, to bring on excite-
ment, enthusiasm, or whatever.

I mean, I don't know the purpose. That was just my opinion, as
far as it taking care of our school situation, or anything, I don't know
what good it done.

It might have done somebody some good, but I don't know. Just
a little more of that Christian religion, tow sacks and kerosene and
crosses.

I don't know the motive. Maybe this could — somebody else, because
I don't know.

Mr. Senner. At these rallies that you attended, did you estimate
what the crowds were? They varied from, say, a hundred to more
than a hundred ?

Mr. WooDLE. No, sir. I have no — I never considered that. The
crowds, or — I couldn't estimate it, to start with. Sometimes bigger
crowds, smaller crowds, and different crowds.

Mr. Senner. But it would be — What was the smallest crowd?
Fifty or less?

Mr. WooDLE. Wouldn't have the slightest idea.

Mr. SiiNNER. The largest crowd, would you have and idea ?

Mr. WooDLE. No, sir, I wouldn't.

Mr. Senner. How many of these rallies did you attend ?

Mr.WooDLE. Sir?

Mr. Senner. How many rallies did you attend ?

Mr. WooDLE, Well, I attended them all, until about 6 or 8 weeks
ago, this year, but the first one, I didn't attend the fii-st one.

Mr. Senner. All but one, and how many would that be ?

Mr. WboDLE. Then I attended the rest until I got out.

Mr, Senner. Well, could you make an estimate of how many rallies
you attended ?

Mr. WboDLE. Oh, say, 12, 15.

Mr. Senner. Thank you very much.

That's all the questions I have, Mr. Chairman.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1863

The Chairmax. Thank you very much. We appreciate your ap-
pearance.

And you were in the room a while ago when I talked about the
meaning of a subpena? In other words, you were served with a
subpena ?

Mr. WooDLE. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. To come here. You did, and you testified under
oath.

Mr. WooDLE. Yer5, sir.

The Chairman. Now, I want to continue that subpena, till January
1, in case something develops where we might have to call you back.

Mr. WooDi.E. Yes. sir.

The CHAIR3IAN. Anybody who would threaten you, or who would
do any acts to you or your family, because you came here and testi-
fied, they would be violating a Federal law, and if that should happen
to you, let me know, and we will handle it.

At least we will take the proper steps to protect you. That is a
violation of Federal law, to try to intimidate or to coerce or threaten
a person who comes forward and testifies before a court or a jury, or
a congressional committee. And I want to see that that law is
respected.

AVitli that, thank you. We deeply appreciate your coming here, and
your courage, and your contribution to these hearings, by reciting
3'our individual experiences, and we are very grateful to you.

Thank you very much.

Call your next witness.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call to the stand Boyd
Hamby.

The Chairman. Mr. Buchanan ?

Mr. Buchanan. Before this witness is called, Mr. Chairman, I
would like to read a portion of a telegram I have just received:

Would appreciate your help in making clear the Alabama Rescue Service
mentioned in the KKK hearing is not I'ecognized or known by the Alabama As-
sociation of Rescue Squads. The selfless and heroic members of local rescue
squads have been somewhat embarrassed by association in the public mind
with the KKK front. We fully support hearings.

and so forth.

And that is signed Brandt Ayers, B-r-a-n-d-t A-y-e-r-s, who is
managing editor of the Anniston Star, and may I say, Mr. Chairman,
that these rescue squads, in many of the smaller communities, espe-
cially, render a great public service, and they have no connection what-
soever with the Alabama Rescue Service identified in this hearing.

The Chairman. Well, you may inform your constituent, the good
editor, that the Alabama Rescue Service is a cover name for the
United Klans of America.

I appreciate your contribution, and we also appreciate very much
the interest and support of that newsi)aper.

Please raise your right hand.

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give will
be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you
God?

1864 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Haiviby. I do.

The Chairivian. Proceed.

Identify both the witness and his counsel.

TESTIMONY OF BOYD LEE HAMBY, SR., ACCOMPANIED BY COUNSEL,

LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. Would you state your full name for the record, please,
sir?

Mr. Hamby. Boyd Lee Hamby, Sr., sir.

The Chairman. Henry ?

Mr. Chalmers. H-a-m-b-y.

Mr. Appell. Are you here in accordance with a subpena, served
upon you by a United States marshal at 10:45 o'clock a.m. on the
11th day of October 1965 ?

Mr. Hamby. Thereabouts, sir.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Hamby. Yes, sir; I am.

Mr. Appell. Will your counsel please identify himself for the
record ?

Mr. Chambers. Yes, sir. I am Lester V. Chambers, Room 501, First
Federal Building, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Hamby, when and where were you born ?

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incrimi-
nate me in the violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by the
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

The Chairman. This is preliminary, a foundation question. I
order and direct you to answer it.

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Hamby, did you know the gentleman who pre-
ceded you on the witness stand ?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Hamby, you were, as I noted, seated here when
he said that

The Chairman. Well, name him. When "he."'

Mr. Appell. When Mr. Roy Woodle testified that he received a
call from a person whom he identified as Boyd Hamby, and that he
was advised by Boyd Hamby that Boyd Hamby had the authority to
"do you in."

Did you make such a telephone call to Mr. Roy Woodle ?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1865

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend lo incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by the amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chaiioiax. I think the actual words of the previous witness
were that the gentleman, Mr. Hamby, "had authority to do away with"
him. So recast the question. Those words actually are the words.

Mr. Appell. Did you make a telephone call to Mr. Roy Woodle
advising him that you had the authority to do away with him ?

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by the amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman, Let me make it perfectly clear, Mr. Hamby, that
Mr. Woodle, when he made that statement, in your presence, with you
in the room, was under oath.

Now, you have the opportunity to deny that statement under oath.
And so far as this committee is concerned, it wants the truth, and if
you would decide to deny that statement, then obviously we would
have two directly contradictory statements under oath and one would
be false, and then one of the two would be subject to the pains and pen-
alties of perjury. And let me advise you that I would not hesitate to
send the record to the Department of Justice for investigation, and
to take appropriate perjury action.

With that statement, 1 give you the opportunity to deny Mr.
Woodle's statement under oath, just made a moment ago.

He doesn't avail himself.

Go on.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Hamby, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that you are currently the grand night-hawk
of the Realm of North Carolina.

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the amendments of the Constitution of the United
States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Hamby, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that in the position of grand night-hawk, that
you have a responsibility with respect to investigations conducted by
the Klan in North Carolina, a leadership responsibility in that area.

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully declme to answer that question,
based on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that heading an advisory committee in your position of grand
night-hawk, that such things as the burning of crosses and other things
come under your direct responsibility.

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Hamby, I particularly noticed that you were in
the room yesterday when T read a list by counties of crosses burned in

1866

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

the State of North Carolina, and in your position of grand night-
hawk, I ask you whether you played any role in any of the cross-bum-
ings mentioned in the testimony yesterday.

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Did you play any part in connection with the burn-
ing of a cross on the property of the previous witness, on or about
September 22?

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Hamby, I hand you a signature card of the David-
son County Sportsman Club, received from the Lexington State Bank,
Lexington, North Carolina, in compliance on the part of the bank
with the subpena duces tecum, which shows the signatures, author-
ized signatures to this account, Boyd L. Hamby, Charles R. Smith,
Mack Grant.

I hand you this card and put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm
or deny the fact, that that is your signature.

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the grounds previously Stated.

(Document marked "Boyd Hamby Exhibit No. 1" follows :)

Boyd Hamby Exhibit No. 1

NAMC

Davidson County Sportsman Club

•tumbmt of Smnaturw
Regt'irad

iz« in th« poyment of funds or Ihe transoction of

vo># will recogniztf m th« poyment of funds or the transoction of oth*r
governino q^mmerciol accounts as set out on the reverse side hereof.

S'qnoture

. Address ^0 D /V»<a>-K Jjjj

-p^»5n* CJi Si a 3 ^^LA-^^

Line of business

Other Bonk
References

Accounts ^/l^ ^ >pA.d^/>oQ^ ClXjCJb^^^-

REMARKS

\oAr^ \.^^J^'lSFS^miuA T^TJ

Date Account Ooened

/- /J-^^,

Initial DeD05

. 7

~W^

Dote Account Cloied /'jXi/ lUj'XJw-MjbL] J. 'J^ *^

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1867

Mr. ArrELL. The signature card to this account was changed
through an authorization dated 2-25-64.

I liand you that card, and ask you if it is not a fact that the change
of the autliorized signatures to the account of the Davidson County
Sportsman Club became Wayne Tucker, William L. Lowery, and
Matthew Smith.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "Boyd Hamby Exhibit No. '2'- follows:)

Boyd Hamby Exhibit No. 2

Raai'irad

Daridson County Spo^^^^man Club '^'^'" I """"

below ore duly authorized slQnatures, which vou will recognize in the poyment o> funds or the trorwactioo of other

busir>ess for our occount.

Depositor agrees to the rules end regulot.' - ^ovorrw^j commerctol accounts as set out on the reverse side hereof.

Siarwture

S'qnotur*

AMr^^QU //. c4,0jk.£Lj%iyl<. j4^ Phon.

Line of business
Other Bonk Acr cunts

References

Now Aut>kaplgat4

REMARKS

"v ik^

Dote Account Opened (pitlol Deod't

Dote Account Closed

Mr. Appell. I show you a check imprinted "Davidson County
Sportsman Club, P.O. Box 481, Lexington, N.C.," check "No. 5,"
made payable to the Alabama Rescue Service, in the amount of $3.75.

I can't read the one signature, Mr. Chairman, but the second signa-
ture on this check is shown as Boyd L. Hamby.

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that
this was a check payable for imperial tax by the Davidson County
Sportsman Club to the United Klans of America, in the name of the
Alabama Rescue Service.

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the grounds previously stated.

1868 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Document marked "Boyd Hamby Exhibit No, 3" follows:)

Boyd Hamby Exhibit No. 3

Davidson County spi»rts.m*> Ci.ci '^%iv^

P. 0. Box .M y / ^, .,

BA1«K Ji

f I . s' r, "^ o N V c

Mr. Appell. Mr, Hamby, I show you a series of checks made pay-
able to J. R. Jones, on the account of the Davidson County Sports-
man Club, and I ask you, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm
or deny the fact, that many of these checks, containing your signature
as a cosigner, were payable to J. R. Jones as state taxes based on the
membership of the Davidson County Sportsman Club.

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the grounds previously stated.

(Docmnents marked "Boyd Hamby Exhibit No. 4"' and retained in
committee files. )

The Chairman, Wait a minute.

All right.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to ask that the checks
obtained from the Lexington State Bank, Lexington, North Carolina,
relating to the account of the Davidson County Sportsman Club, be
entered in evidence at this point.

The Chairman. That will be done, and let the reporter record that
all documents now being described and those that have previously
been referred to throughout the hearings be inserted in the record at
the respective places where they were commented on and exhibited.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Hamby, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you
to affirm or deny the fact, that at the time you were elected grand
night-hawk, that J, R, Jones was elected Grand Dragon, Mr. Grady
Mars elected Klaliff, Mr. M. R. Kornegay elected klokard, the Rev-
erend Roy Woodle, who just left the stand, elected grand kludd, that
Fred Wilson was elected grand klabee, that Robert Reaves was elected
grand kladd, that Albert Outlaw was elected grand klarogo, and that
C. J. Brindell was elected as grand klexter.

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Did you succeed C. J. Brindell as grand night-hawk ?

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the gromids previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Hamby, are you what is now knoAvn within the
Klan Realm of North Carolina as a paid worker ?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1869

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the grounds pre\dously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Hamby, I show you a series of checks, 13 in all,
each in the amount of $150, starting with date of June 26, 1965, and
concluding with the da/te of September 17, 1965, each in the amomit
of $150, or 13 checks totaling $1,950, and I put it to you as a fact,
and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that these checks were given
to you as designated on the checks for salary and expenses as a
paid worker of the Realm of North Carolina.

(Checks handed to witness.)

Mr. Ha]viby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the grounds previously stated.

(Checks previously marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-C." See
p. 1720.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Hamby, did you know as a member of the Klan
Joseph DuBois, who was on the stand before Roy Woodle?

Mr. Hamby. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question,
based on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I have no further questions to ask of
this witness.

(At this point Mr. Buchanan left the hearing room.)

(Discussion off the record.)

The Chairman. The witness is excused.

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Chairman, may I ask, sir, if it will be per-
missible for him to return to his home ?

The Chairman. It is.

Mr. Chalmers. Would the chairman desire to have him continue
under subpena ?

The Chairman. No.

Mr. Chalmers. All right, sir. Fine.

Thank you, sir.

Tlie Chairman. Off the record.

(Discussion off the record.)

The Chairman. Call your next witness.

Mr. Appell. I will call Sonny Fisher.

The Chairman. The committee will stand in recess for 10 minutes.

(Brief recess.)

The Chairman. The subcommittee will please come to order.

Call your next witness.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call Sonny Fisher.

The Chairman. Please raise your right hand.

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give
shall be truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you
God?

Mr. Fisher. Yes, sir.

TESTIMONY OF JAMES HUEY (SONNY) FISHER, ACCOMPANIEI) BY
COUNSEL, LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. State your name for the record.

Mr. Fisher. James Huey Fisher.

Mr. Appell. Are you popularly know as "Sonny" Fisher?

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1 23

1870 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Fisher. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer may tend to incriminate me
in the violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Of course this answer doesn't hold up. If you
admit that you are James, you ought to be able to admit that you
are "Sonny." But I won't belabor it, because I will get the same
reply, meaning I won't order you to answer.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Fisher. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Will counsel please identify himself for the record?

Mr. Chalmers. I am Lester V. Chalmers, Jr., attorney at law. Room
501, First Federal Building, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Fisher, your subpena called upon you to produce:

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda relating to the
organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible Empire,
United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as the
United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and aflSliated orga-
nizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service and the Pitt County Improve-
ment Association, in your possession, custody or control, or maintained by you
or available to you as an oflBcer or employee of the Invisible Empire, United
Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as the United
Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and Pitt County Improve-
ment Association.

The subpena called for you to bring with you and produce said
documents, and I now demand their production.

Mr. Fisher. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 21, 1963, for that information is not relevant and
germane to the subject under investigation and the same would not
aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legisla-
tion, nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be
investigated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress,
by House Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
October 21, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the
same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my right as guar-
anteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the
United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, before I ask for a direction, I would
like to ask whether or not Mr. Fisher w'as here when our opening
statement was read.

The Chairman. Counsel, I understand that our previous stipula-
tions will obtain in this case, namely, that you stipulate that your
client was in the hearing room and/or is familiar with my opening
statement disclosing the pertinency of these records, and you further
stipulate that for reasons previously indicated, the committee does not
accept his objection or reasons for refusing to produc-e those docu-
ments, and that we do not in fact accept the refusal. Therefore, the
i)osition of the committee is that he subjects himself to a citation for
refusing.

AcnvrriES of ku klux klan in the u.s. 1871

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir, it is so stipulated for my client. I con-
ferred with him with respect to that matter and he understands it and
we certainly will apply the same stipulation to this.

The Chairman. And included in the stipulation as previously en-
tered into between counsel and the chairman, is the fact that he is
familiar with my opening statement setting forth, also, besides per-
tinency, the legislative purpose of this hearing, as well as the fact
that he is being asked to produce these documents in the representa-
tive capacity stated in the subpena.

Mr. Chalmers. In the subpena, yes, sir, and let me say that he is
familiar with the opening statement.

The Chairman. In full?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman, Counsel, I understand that there is one more
document.

Mr. Appell. We only demand as to paragraph 1.

The Chairman. Sir, I order and direct you to produce the docu-
ments described by Mr. Appell, and order them to be produced pur-
suant to the subpena served upon you in the capacity indicated.

Mr. Fisher. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to this committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 21, 1965, for that information is not relevant nor ger-
mane to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid
the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor
is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated
by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Reso-
lution No. 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
October 21, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the
same might tend to incriminate me in violations of my rights as
guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of
the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Fisher, under section 2 of the attachment which is
made a part of the subpena, you are ordered to produce:

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda in your pos-
session, custody or control, or maintained by or available to you, in your capacity
as an oflBcer or employee of the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the
Ku Klux Klan, which the "Constitution and Laws" of said organization authorize
and require to be maintained by you and any other oflBcer of said organization,
and the Pitt County Improvement Associaition, the same being in your possession,
custody or control.

I now demand that you produce under the terms of the subpena
the documents called for in part 2.

Mr. Fisher. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 21, 1965, for that information is not relevant nor
germane to the subject under investigation and the same would not
aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legisla-
tion, nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be
investigated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress,
by House Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

1872 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN EST THE U.S.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
October 21, 1966, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so,
the same may tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as
guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution
of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Counsel, it is understood that we make the same
stipulation relating to this paragraph as we did to paragraph 1 ?

Mr. Chalmers. It certainly is ; yes, sir.

The Chairman. I order you, sir, and direct you to produce the
records called for by paragraph 2 in the attachment to subpena, di-
recting you to produce those records.

Mr. Fisher. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 21, 1965, for that information is not relevant nor ger-
mane to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid
the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation,
nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investi-
gated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by
House Resolution No. 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
October 21, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the
same may tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guar-
anteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of
the United States of America.

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr. Appell.. Mr. Fisher, in accordance with the subpena duces
tecum on the Edgecomb Bank and Trust Company of Tarboro, North
Carolina, there was produced certain checks and other records, ledg-
ers and signature cards in connection witli an account in the name
of the Pitt County Improvement Association. Upon receipt of the
documents from the bank, we noted that the first signature card was
not included in the documents and had apparently been destroyed. I
would like to read to you three paragraphs from a letter addressed to
the committee of September 17, 1965 :

1. At the inception of this account we honored signatures drawn against
tliis account by two people, both signatures being required, namely R. O. Bryan
[B-r-y-a-n] and Sonny Fisher (Exhibit A — check dated 10-20-&4 in the amount
of $56.00 is an example).

2. Under date of February 24, 1965 a new signature card was executed bear-
ing three names, with the authority to honor any two of the three (Per Exhibit
B attached). I believe we mailed you a copy of this signature card. The names
api>earing on the signature card of 2-24-65 are R. O. Bryan, Sonny Fisher and
A. T. Bowen [B-o-w-e-n].

3. The signature card of 2-24-65 is current and still in effect.

I ask you, Mr. Fisher, if the statement reported to the committee by
the bank is factual.

Mr. Fisher. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1873

(Documents marked "James Fisher Exhibit No. 1." The signature
card follows :)

James Fisher Exhibit No. 1

AUTHOmZBO •••MATUMC Of
' F*r th« Tr«a«»«tl«« af BusIimm wHIi

EoaEcoMBC Bank & Trust Company

FOUNTAIN, N. C. TAWBOWO. N. C. OAK OITY, N. O.

In r«e*innt lUma for d*po«it or ooU*otton, thla Bank acta only M AapMttM'a wdltertlf
•ir*nt a.nd nmmMm— ao rMponalbtUty b«70iMl U>« axarcta* of da« ear*. AH lt««M m« rrr><t«rf
■ubl«ci to final nartnant In caah or aotvaDt cro«lta. Tbia B&nk will nat b* lUMa for •afcit
or n«cUc«Bc* of Ita duly aalactad coiiuaBi ndktita Bor for kiaaaa la tranalt, awl aaafe
corraapondant ao aalacted ibaO ao< ba Habla aseapt far ita owb aagUjaaea. TMa
Ita corraapondanta may aand itama, dlraoUy or Indlractty. to any Bank

lu corraapondanta may aand itama dlraotly or Indlractty, to any Bank taamMaa MM
payor and accapt Ita draft or eradit aa eoaditlonal paymaot In tlao «f eaaii: It May afepfB*
back aay ttam >t any tlma bafora flnat paymaat whathar ratvmad or aoi, alaa »Mf Mn
draw oo thla Bank not good at eloaa af b«ai»«Ma en day ot dapaatt.

•lONATune

ftiaNATuna

AODRBM

BU8INC»»

DATB^e^.^, /^^3 «.

We hereby certify that this is an exact duplicate taken f rcan
the records of Edgecombe Bank & Trust Con^any, Fountain, N. C.-
Branch Off ice. of Edgecombe Bank & Trust Ccnipany, Tarboro, N.C.

8-23-65 EDGECOMBE BAMITa TRUST COMPANY

lent

/
toarr ACCou>rr— ^atabui to bitkbb ok »ubvivob

Wa a«««a aad dac^ra that all f«A«a wnm. ar karaa/tar dapo^tad la thU ac«oMtM«.
and ^aH t>a o«r )olot eroparty and ownad by «a aa Joint unanU wltk rtskt of aaiuar
aklp, and not aa tananta la oommoa: and ppon tJM daatk of althar of »a any bakiaaa la
aaid aeoouot akaU haconoa tka abaotau praparty af tba aurrlvor. TIm anttra aeaovnt or
a«y part tharaaf may ba wltbdrawm by, or «pe« tka ordM' o«. aHhar of na or tba aurrlTor.

It \M »aparlaHy acrMd that withdrawata of fanda by tte aurvlvor abaH ba Madia* ovoa
■• asd avoa oar balra. aaxt U kla. l»>ataaa. a«at«aa and paraanai rapraatwtaUTaa.

Wltnaaa ear haada aad aaala tkla '^ 3 day e< i ^ & — s= tttA.

WITNBSB:

.(■MAl^)
-(BBAX.)

JOD4T ACCon>rr-Two ob uamm sxcovATURBa bxqtubxd

All Kaaaya new or at any ttaa dapealtad hy •■. vltk «hU hank to tka ara^lt a( tkia

an aad ahall ba ao'Aapaaitad by m Md raaaivad by tha bank npea tM foBvwiac
aai oeadltlo&a e< repay an— . tmmatf, tte( tha amovat tharaef ahaH ba ^atd by Bm

kaak le aa. or aven tba written avdar 9t war

aatlUad te payioaat: and wltkavt rtltmmm to tka ottelnal owaarablp o( tka
itad. all wltkdrawala aaaaMiflata - -<7 — jL?r j U tke feUowlac

CUnoa ^ J^ ■ ^'jfftMlH'

1874

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Fisher, I show you four checks, all printed checks
of the Pitt County Improvement Association, made payable to the
Alabama Rescue Service, the first one with the cosignatures R. O.
Bryan and Sonny Fisher in the amount of $23.

The second is Alabama Rescue Service, $92.50, countersigned by
the same persons, the purpose for which drawn is imperial tax. And
the third check, dated 6/30/65 to Alabama Rescue Service, $152.00,
tax, the same signatures, and I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that this money was forwarded by the Pitt
County Improvement Association, of which you are one of the co-
signers, as the imperial tax payable to the United Klans of America,
Incorporated, under the cover name of Alabama Rescue Service.

The Chairman. And Pitt County Improvement Association has
been identified as a cover name for a local Klavem.

Mr. Appell, Yes, sir.

(Documents handed to witness.)

Mr. Fisher. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the ground previously stated.

(Documents marked "James Fisher Exhibits Nos. 2-A through 2-
D," respectively. Exhibit No. 2-A follows ; 2-B, C, and D retained in
committee files. )

James Fisher Exhibit No. 2-A

Mr. Appell. Mr. Fisher, I now hand you a check, or a copy of an
imprinted check, Pitt County Improvement Association, dated
3/31/65, which reads on the line "Pay To Order Of State tax J. R.
Jones, $12.75," cosigned, and as one of the cosigners. Sonny Fisher,
and I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact,
that this was a payment to the Realm of North Carolina, as a per
capita tax from the Pitt County Improvement Association.

Mr. Fisher. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based upon the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Fisher Exhibit No. 3" follows:)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1875

James Fisher Exhibit No. 3

PiTt CnuNTv iMPMovrMrNi Arbociatiun

» l> Mi.. <I4 UK 1 » /

< V

r, rr-,M,.t ur,f<k t twjJST CO

■•:ii', i^-'i-i'^".*

* ^ ^f J

Mr. Appell. I hand you a copy of a check dated 12/17/64, im-
printed Pitt County Improvement Association, pay to the order of
M. R. Kornegay, in the amount of $100.00, the purpose for which drawn
is, "Christmas Gift To James R. Jones."

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that
you are one of the cosigners to this check.

Mr. Fisher. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based upon the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "James Fisher Exhibit No. 4" follows:)

James Fisher Exhibit No. 4

Arkciciation

»,«■■•«.

^ ^^ ., .

Mr. Appell. Mr. Fisher, I hand you an additional check, copy of
imprinted check of the Pitt County Improvement Association, dated
4/21/65, pay to the order of "New Bern & Blounts Creek Fund,"
$42.11. The name of Sonny Fisher appearing as a cosigner. And
I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that
this money was forwarded to this account for the purpose of helping
to defray expenses of Klansmen involved in the New Bern bombing.

Mr. Fisher. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based upon the grounds previously stated.

1876 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Document marked "James Fisher Exhibit No. 5" follows:)

James Fisher Exhibit No. 5

"•••■MIM4MM

■ nr AtMir.iATiOH

' 'i

i>»Ti !?• -r

Mr. Appbll. Mr. Chairman, as a result of subpena duc«s tecum we
served a subpena upon the Barreitt Printing House, Wilson, North
Carolina, for invoices and copies of material printed for the United
Klans of America, Pitt (.'ounty Improvement Association.

I would like permission to enter this material in the record at this
point, and I wish to bring to the attention of the committee that the
top secret solicitation of funds is one of the documents contained in this
group of material which the Pitt County Improvement Association
ordered printed by the Barrett Printing Company.

Also there are copies of the lotteries for certain prices, for which
they sold tickets at the rate of $1.00 per ticket.

The Chairman. The documents will be received at this point. As
a matter of fact, I will reiterate to the repor'ter since I don't want
to override the generality of what I already said, that these and all
other documents previously exhibited and referred to, and those to
come, without the necessity of saying it each time, will be printed in
the record at the point they were exhibited and commented on.

(Documents marked "»james Fisher Exhibit No. 6" and retained in
committee files. )

Mr. Appell. The staff has no further questions for this witness,
Mr. Chairman,

The Chairman. The witness is excused.

Mr. Chalmers. I take it he may be excused to return to North
Carolina '^

The Chairman. Yes.

Mr. Fisher. Thank you, sir.

Mr. Appell. The next witness is William R. Walston.

The Chairman. Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are
about to give shall be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the
truth, so help you God ?

Mr. Walston. I do.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1877

TESTIMONY OF WILLIAM RICHARD WALSTON, ACCOMPANIED BY
COUNSEL, LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. Will you please state your name for the record.

Mr. Walston. William Richard Walston.

Mr. Appell. Are you appearing before the committee today in
accordance with the subpena served upon you at 1 :20 o'clock p.m. on the
12th day of October 1965?

Mr Walston. Yes, I am.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Walston. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Will counsel please identify himself for the record.

Mr. Chalmers. Lester Chalmers, Jr., attorney at law, Room 501
First Federal Building, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Walston, under the terms of the subpena served
upon you, you are demanded to bring with you and to produce docu-
ments described on an attaclmient which is made a part of the subpena,
reading :

(1) ah books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda relating to
the organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible
Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also
known as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and
affiliated organizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Sen^ice, and Wilson
County Improvement Association, in your possession, custody or control, or
maintained by you or available to you as an officer or employee of the Invisible
Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also
known as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and
the Wilson County Improvement Association.

I demand production of these records at this time, sir.

Mr. WxVLSTON. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to the commit-
tee any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 21, 1965, for that information is not relevant and ger-
mane to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid
the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation,
nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investi-
gated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
October 21, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the
same would tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guar-
anteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the
United States of America.

The Chairman. Now, Mr. Chalmers, I take it that the several
stipulations we have previously made to the effect that your client is
familiar with my opening statement, particularly those portions deal-
ing with the pertinency of these documents and the le^slative pur-
pose for their requirements and the fact that they are being requested
of him in the capacity indicated in the attachment to the subpena
served upon him, are now renewed?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir, my client is familiar with the opening
statement and the other statements and stipulations, yes, sir.

The Chairman. Sir, T order and direct you to produce those
documents.

1878 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Walston. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to the commit-
tee any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 21, 1965, for that information is not relevant and ger-
mane to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid
the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation,
nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investi-
gated by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I resj^ectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in the subpena dated
October 21, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so might
tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Walston, under part 2 of the subpena, an attach-
ment Avhich was made a part of the subpena, requires that you bring
with you and produce :

(2) All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda in your
possession, custody or control, or maintained by or available to you, in your
capacity as an officer or employee of the United Klans of America. Inc., Knights
of the Ku Klux Klan, which the "Constitution and Laws" of said organization
authorize and require to be maintained by you and any other officers of said or-
ganization, and the Wilson County Improvement Association, the same being in
your possession, custody or control.

I demand that you produce the documents called for in section 2.

The Chairman. Mr. Chalmers, I take it that the stipulations we
just made relating to paragraph 1 of the attachment to the subpena
duces tecum apply to this paragraph, too.

Mr. Chalihers. It is so stipulated.

The Chairman. Sir, I order and direct you to produce the docu-
ments called for by paragraph 2 of the attachment to the subpena
duces tecum served upon you.

Mr. Walston. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 21, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane
to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the Con-
gress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such mquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in the subpena dated
October 21, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so might
tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me
by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairman. The committee will stand in recess for 5 minutes.

(A brief recess was taken.)

The Chairman. The subcommittee will come to order.

Resume your examination, Mr. Appell.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Walston, I hand you two signature cards supplied
to the committee by the First -Citizens Bank & Trust Company of
Wilson, Nor( h Carolina, in the account of the Wilson County Improve-
ment Association, William R. Walston, W-a-1-s-t-o-n, Troy Walker,

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE TJ.S. 1879

W-a-1-k-e-r, M. E. P-o-y-t-h-r-e-s-s, G. E. Smiley, S-m-i-1-e-y, and
Hoyt L. Waller.

I hand you these avrds and put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affinn or deny the fact, that these are the signature cards of Wilson
County Improvement Association, which is known within the United
Klans of America, Realm of North Carolina, as Unit 31.

Mr. Walston. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
for the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incrim-
inate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments
5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Documents marked "William Walston Exhibit No. 1" follow:)

William Walston Exhibit No. 1

NAMb: yf' C) j> ^"^ "' Slxnitures Bc<}ulred

To FIRST-CITIZENS BANK tc I^UST COMPANY

You are hereby ai'.horized to recognize the signature below In the payment of funds and the traos-
actioa of other business in connection with my account. Said account Is and shall be subject to your By-
Laws. Ruloi and /or Regulations as they now or may hereafter exist, and you are expressly authorized
to cbi-gc the account, without notice, for any service, collection, or other charges provided therein.

It is hereby stipulated and agreed that any and all items deposited by the person, firm or corp-
oration whose signature appears below are received by this Bani for deposit or collection and In so doing
this Banlc acts only as depositor's collecting agent and assumes no responsibility beyond the exercise of
'. due care. All items are credited subject to final payment In cash or solvent credits. This Bank will not
be liable for default or negligence of its duly selected correspondents nor for losses In transit, and each '
correspondent so selected shall not be liable except for Its own negligence. This Bank or Its correspond-
ents may send Items, d'rectly or indirectly, to any bonk Including payor, and accept Its draft or credit
as conditional payment In lieu of cash; It may charge back any Item at any lime before final payment,
whether returned or not.

! It Is also understood and agreed that any Items, deposited or otherwise acquired In due course, drawn

I on this Bank that are not good, may be charged back at any time, whether returned or not.

It Is farther agreed that this bank is authorized to charge this account with a service charge in ac-
; cordance with Its rules. This Is your authority to make an annual, semi-annual or monthly maintenance
' -charge against the account, regardless of the amount on deposit and without regard to the activity or
; Inactivity of said account.

Authorized Signature
Authorized Signature

[__ '^Jfui£^,'J^'^^^ p-0,(So-KZ(^L

NAME . ,_ No. •! Slirnalores BequlreA

If/ I A/}^' Of') {^yi^/i^ y^/JAfJt^A ^ ^'^ / Ay c?.-, > ^ / W. 60h y 3J

To FIRST-CITIZENS BANK X TRUST W.MPANY

Tou are hereby authorized to recognize the signature below In the payment of funds and the tran*-
action of other business in connection with my account. Said account is and shall be subject to your By-
Laws. Rules and /or Regulations as they now or may hereafter exist, and you are expressly authorized
to charge the account, without notice, for any service, collection, or other charges provided thereto.

It Is hereby stipulated and agreed that any and all items deposited by the person, firm or corp-
oration whose signature appears below are received by this Bank for deposit or collection and In so dolnf
this Bank acts only as depositor's collecting agent and assumes no responsibility beyond the exercise of
due care. All items are credited subject to final payment in cash or solvent credits. This Bank will not
be liable for default or negligence of its duly selected correspondents nor for losses In transit, and each
correspondent so selected shall not be liable except for Us own negligence. This Bank or Its correspond-
ents may send Items, directly or indirectly, to any bank Including payor, and accept Us draft or credit
as conditional payment tn lieu of cash; it may charge back any Item at any lime before final payment,
whether returned or not.

It Is also understood and agreed that any Items, deposited or otherwise acquired In due course, draws
on this Bank that are not good, may be charged back at any time, whether returned or not.

It is further agreed that this bank is authorized to charge this account with a service charge In «e-
cordance with its rules. This Is your authority to make an annual, semi-annual or monthly maintenance
charge against the account, regardless of the amount on deposit and without regard to the activity or
Inactivity of said account.

Authorized Signature
Authorized Signature
Address

1880 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to have entered into the
record all of the checks made payable to James R. Jones, Wilson
County Improvement Association. In order to save time, I am going
to show the witness a copy of the imprinted check, Wilson County
Improvement Association, Wilson, North Carolina, August 29, 1964,
James R. Jones, $205, signed Troy Walker and William R. Walston,
something "on July," and I cannot read what that is, sir.

I show^ you this check, Mr. Walston, and put it to you as a fact,
and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that this check was drawn,
countersigned, and made payable to James R. Jones.

The Chairman. Are they all on the same bank and payable to the
same people?

Mr. Appell. Yes.

The Chairman. Mr. Appell hands you the following checks with
the same bank and the same payee, respectively, dated as follows, and
in the following amounts :

Mr. Appell. I am having difficulty on some of these checks, Mr.
Chairman, with the dat«s, trying to read them. The date in May
of 1964, $4.50.

June 7, 1964, $9.75.

June 17, 1964, $50.00.

July 1, 1964, $360.

August 14, 1964, $49.

August 19, 1964, $100.00.

August 29, 1964, $205.

September 10, 1964, $46.75.

September 16, 1964, $50.00.

October 9, 1964, $193.75.

The Chairman. He puts it to you as fact, and asks you to affirm or
deny the fact, that all of these checks had your signature.

Mr. Appell. No, they were all payable to J. R. Jones. The check
dated May 1964 in the amount of $4.50, and the check dated June 7,
$9.75 and June 17, '64, in the amount of $50.00 and the check dated
July 1, 1964, in the amount of $360 do not contain the signature of Mr.
Walston; the remainder do. They are all payable to Mr. James R.
Jones.

The Chairman. They contain the signature required by the signa-
ture card previously identified.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. I think that I have previously directed these to the
witness.

Mr. Walston. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel that my answer might tend to incriminate
me in ^'iolation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Documents marked "William Walston Exhibits Nos. 2-A through
2-J," respectively ; 2-J appears on p. 1881 ; balance retained in com-
mittee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Walston, I hand you a series of checks all made
payable to the Alabama Rescue Service, on the imprinted checks of
the Wilson County Improvement Association :

August 21, 1964, $14.50.

June 9, 1964, $9.95.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1881

William Walston Exhibit No. 2-J

•MMMlMMa

J Wmjmin < utvmit ttummMmrr x^^innno*

'..r«i3j5^ ^ Wi**^

|Stfi«i?. f?. j?^ui^ ,..., ,- »/yt

'Aidk^ /^ ^--yx."

I n II II iMilf

July 18, 1964, $25.75.

August 14, 1964, $49.00.

August 19, 1964, $40.00.

September 10, 1964, $46.75.

October 9, 1964, $35.25.

All made payable to the Alabama Rescue Service.

I hand you these checks and ask you — and put to to you as a fact,
and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that these checks are made pay-
able from the Wilson County Improvement Association to the Atar-
bama Rescue Service, and the funds represented here constitute a per
capita tax to the imperial office of the United Klans of America.

Mr. Walston. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based upon the grounds previously stated.

(Documents marked "William Walston Exhibits Nos. 3-A through
3-G," respectively; 3-G follows, balance retained in committee files.)

William Walston Exhibit No. 3-G

tar fin??;2ri?^9»

■■^^■■■■■^iMBai— B—— ^^— — ^^Mttwiliiwiiiliirnil—iliiiniiiiwir' mil 1m ili'i ii

Mr. Appell. Mr. Walston, I hand you a check dated September 2,
1964, an imprinted check of the Wilson County Improvement Associa-
tion, countersigned by Troy Walker and William R. Walston, made
payable to Dick Walston in the amount of $951.00. I hand you the

1882 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

check and put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact,
that that check was issued.

Mr. Walstgn. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appeli.. For what purpose was that check in the amount of
$951 drawn?

Mr. Walston. Sir, I respectfuly decline to answer that question
based upon the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "William Walston Exhibit No. 4" follows:)

William Walston Exhibit No. 4

«•.»*» r (< ■»! Ill* -.'A I

Mr. Appell. Mr. Walston, I show you a check dated November 19.
1964, in the amount of $187.84, made payable to cash, which was
written for the purpose of closing out this account, and I ask you
where the funds of the Wilson County Improvement Association were
transferred after November of 1964.

Mr. Walston. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based upon the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "William Walston Exhibit No. 5" follows:)

William Walston Exhibit No. 5

Daw •«. r O- »« ll»«

«uap

1.5*.***

•:os»;»into»J

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1883

Mr. Appell. Do you know James R. Jones to be Grand Dragon of
the State of North Carolina ?

Mr. Walston. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Do you know Robert M. Shelton to be the Imperial
Wizard of United Klans of America, and using as a bookkeeping
cover name the Alabama Rescue Service ?

Mr. Walston. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Walston, the Charlotte Observer of September 4,
1964, reporting on Klan activities in the North Carolina area reported
that at a Klan rally near Salisbury, on August 8, William R. Walston
of Wilson, "demonstrated the same talent" with respect to "going two
ways at once," with respect to violence and nonviolence. They quote
you as saying :

"We are opposed to violence to the man," he shouted, and then quickly added
the qualifier : "But if violence must come, we are ready to a man."

Did you make that statement, sir ?

Mr. Walston. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based upon the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "William Walston Exhibit No. 6" and retained
in committee files. )

Mr. Appell. I have no further questions to ask of this witness,
Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. The witness is excused and discharged from his
subpena.

Mr. Chalmers. Thank you.

The Chairman. Call your next witness.

Mr. Appell. I call Mr. Wayne Dayvault.

The Chairman. Raise your right hand.

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give will
be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you
God?

Mr. Dayvault. I do.

TESTIMONY OF WAYNE DAYVAULT, ACCOMPANIED BY COUNSEL,

LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. Would you state your full name for the record ?

Mr. Dayvault. Wayne Dayvault.

Mr. Appell. Are you appearing before the committee this afternoon
in accordance with subpena served upon you at 12:30 o'clock p.m.,
on the 11th day of October 1965 ?

Mr. Dayvault. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. You are represented by counsel ?

Mr. Dayvault. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Would counsel please identify himself for the record ?

Mr. Chalmers. I am Lester V. Chalmers, attorney at law, room
501, First Federal Building, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Dayvault, the subpena served upon you called upon
you to bring with you documents described on an attachment which
was made a part of the subpena, which reads, as part 1, as follows :

1884 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda relating to
the organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible
Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also
known as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and
aflBliated organizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service, Realm (State)
of North Carolina, and Rowan Sportsmen's Club in your possession, custody
or control, or maintained by you or available to you as Grand Kligrapp (Secre-
tary), Realm (State) of North Carolina, and as an officer of the Rowan Sports-
men's Club of the Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan
of America, Inc., also known as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights
of the Ku Klux Klan.

I demand the production of those documents under part 1 of your
subpena, Mr. Dayvault.

Mr, Day\^ault. I respectfully decline to give to the committee any
and all records as requested by the committee under subpena dated
October 21, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to
the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the Con-
gress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by Rule IV
of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolution 8,
adopted January 4, 1965.

1 respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
October 21, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the
same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guar-
anteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the
United States of America.

The Chairman. Counsel ?

Mr. Chalmers. The same stipulations.

The Chairman. It is stipulated that this subpena was served on
the witness ?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. I take it tlmt we now stipulate with you, on behalf
of your client, and I, on behalf of the committee, that he is familiar
with the contents of my opening statement, pointing out the per-
tinency of these documents sought by this subpena, as well as the
legislative purpose to be served, and that this subpena has been served
on him in the capacity indicated in the subpena.

Mr. Chalmers. It is so stipulated.

The Chairman. Sir, I now order and direct you to produce the
documents demanded by the subpena in paragraph 1 of the attachment
thereto.

Mr. Dayvault. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 21, 1965, for that information is not relevant or ger-
mane to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid
the Congress in the consideration of any remedial legislation, nor is
such within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by Rule
IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, of the House Resolution
8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in .a subpena dated
October 21, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so,
the same might tend to incriminate me in the violation of my rights
as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution
of the United States of America.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1885

Mr. Appell. Mr. Dayvault, the subpena called for you to bring
with you and to produce items contained in the attachment which
was made a part of the subpena, part 2 :

All l>ooks. records, dociunente, correspondence, and memoranda in your i)os-
session, custody or control, or maintained by or available to you, in your capacity
as Grand Kligrapp (Secretary), Realm (State) of North Carolina, and as an
oflBcer of the Rowan Sportsmen's Club of the United Klans of America, Inc.,
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, which the "Constitution and Laws" of said
organization authorize and require to be maintained by you and. any other
oflScer of said organization, the same being in your possession, custody or control.

I now demand the production of the documents called for in
paragraph 2.

The Chairman. It is understood that the stipulations made with
reference to paragraph 1 apply to paragraph 2 ?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Sir, I order and direct you to produce the docu-
ments referred to and ordered by the subpena served upon you.

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Chairman, if I may, and correct me, sir, there
was a demand made but there was no reply to the demand. There
was no refusal yet.

Mr. Dayvault. Sir, I respectfully decline to deliver to the com-
mittee any and all records as requested by the committee under supena
dated October 21, 1965, for that information is not relevant and
germane to the subject under investigaition and the same would not
aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation,
nor is such within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, House Resolution
8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
Octdber 21, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so,
the same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as
guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of
the United States of America.

The Chairman. Sir, I order and direct you to produce the docu-
ments iust called for.

Mr. Dayvault. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by the committee under subpena
dated October 21, 1965, for that information is not relevant and
germane to the subject under investigation and the same would not
aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation,
nor is such within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
October 21, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so,
the same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as
guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of
the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Dayvault, when and where were you born ?

Mr. Day\^ault. I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1 24

1886 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The Chairman. I order and direct you to answer this question, and
T might say that if a contempt citation results from the f aihire to pro-
duce documents in response to a subpena served upon you, this refusal
will be included in the citation.

Mr. DAY^ AULT. I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in the violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appeal. Mr. Dayvault, I hand you a copy of the original hotel
registration, Dinkler-Tutwiler Hotel, Birmingham, Alabama, for Sep-
tember 4, 1964, and put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or
deny the fact, that you registered at that hotel for the purpose of at-
tending a klonvokation in September of 1964.

Mr. Daya^atjlt. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
ufK)n the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "Wayne Dayvault Exhibit No. 1" follows:)

H 65591

Wayne Dayvault Exhibit No. 1
111^2 DAYVAULT WAYNE ?-»• 655fl

m-w V^ M C

'■CASK CHECK YOUR BA<MAOK OR SEND tAMe TO YOUR ROOM ; OTHERWISE THE HOTEI. COMPANY WILL
HOT RE RE«POHSIRLK FOR UOM

Dinkler-Tutwiler

omccnoN

DINKLER HOTEL CORPORATION

"□■■piNaura OP Truc Southimn HoapiTAurr"

QUeSTR ARE HEREBY NOTIFIED THAT THE COMPANY WILL NOT BE REBPONglBLE FOR VALUABLES. MONEY.
JEWELRY. CLOTHINO ETC. UNLESS THE SAME ARE DEPOSITED IN SAFE

^at'^'"^

R.- N> / / v^V '-^ R... yw

'■'' sMfWirs

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to deny or affirm
the fact, that at that klonvokation there was elected to the imperial
staff of the United Klans of America, loiown by the cover name of
the Alabama Rescue Service, Robert Shelton as Imperial Wizard,
Robert Collins as Imperial Klokard, and Reverend George Dorsett as
Imperial Kludd, Robert Hudgins as Imperial Kladd, Walter Brown
as Imperial Klarogo, and Robert Korman as Imj>erial Klexter.

Mr. Dayvault. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appeij.. Mr. Dayvault, I put it to you as a fact that you were
secretary or grand kligrapp of the Realm of North Caiolina.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1887

The Chairman. The committee will stand in recess for a few
minutes.

(A brief re<*^s was taken.)

The Chairman. The subcommittee will please come to order.

Mr. Dayvault. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based upon tlie grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appeli.. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you succeeded Charles Guest of Salisbury, North Caro-
lina, as kligrapp or secretary of the Realm of North Carolina.

Mr. Dayvault. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you were replaced as the grand kligrapp or secretary
by D. E. Leazer.

Mr. Dayvault. Sir, I respectfully decline to answer that question
based upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or
deny the fact, that you were as of May 25, 1965, an officer of the Rowan
S|3ortsmen's Club, a Klan or Klavern of the United Klans of America.

Mr. Dayvault. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, there will be several witnesses who hold
membership in the Rowan Sportsmen's Club. I intend to exhibit to
this witness only one check for the purpose of establishing his con-
nection with the Rowan Sportsmen's Club. It is a check dated May
25, 1965, on the imprinted check of the Rowan Sportsmen's Club,
with the head of a horse here, so maybe the impression is left that it
relates to a riding club of some kind. "Pay to the order of Bob Jones,
$97.25," drawn on the Security Bank & Trust Co., Spencer, North
Carolina, cosigned Fred L. Wilson, Wayne Dayvault.

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that that check is as I stated it and that you are a cosigner.

Mr. Dayvault. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "Wayne Dayvault Exhibit No. 2" follows:)

Wayne Dayvault Exhibit No. 2

ROWAN BPQRTBMEN'S CLUB

ee 948 J

/I i>*\-*f^

SECURITY BANK & TRUST CO. /'"'^ . Jl t £ ^

:NCE«. NOBTM CAROLINA /- ^ '^K. J^\-Aj^ 1^ '^"''* .' ' ' ' t

1888 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE IT.S.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that Fred L. Wilson, in addition to being an official of the
Rowan Sportsmen's Club, is the realm or state treasurer for the Realm
of North Carolina.

Mr. Dayvai LT. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that the Rowan Sportsmen's Club is a Klavem to which
Grand Dragon J. Robertson Jones is assigned as far as being a member
of the organization.

Mr. Dayvault. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I have no further questions to ask of
this witnes^].

The Chairman. The w-itness is excused and discharged from his
subpena.

Before the witness leaves, I don't know that this is necessary, as
I understood what happened, Mr. Appell, I notice you have quite a
number of checks which will later be put in the record, but you
questioned him relative to one check to prove his official capacity.

Mr. Appell. That is right, and that is all that is being presented
in evidence at this time, sir.

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call as my next witness,
D. E. Leazer.

The Chairman. Raise your right hand.

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give
will be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help
you God?

Mr. Leazer. Yes, sir.

TESTIMONY OF DONALD EDMUND LEAZER, ACCOMPANIED BY
COUNSEL, LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. Would you state your full name for the record ?

Mr. Leazer. Don Edmund Leazer.

Mr. Appell. Are you appearing here this afternoon in accordance
with a subpena served upon you at 11 o'clock a.m., the 11th day of
October 1965 ?

Mr. Leazer. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Leazer. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Will counsel identify himself for the record?

Mr. Chalmers. Lester V. Chalmers, attorney at law, 501 First
Federal Building, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. Mr. leazer, under the terms of the subpena served upon
you, you were to bring with you and to produce certain documents
called for in the attachment which was made a part of the subpena, and
part 1 reads :

All books, records, documejits, correspondence, and memoranda relating to
the organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible
Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1889

as the United Klans of America, Inc.. Knights of the Kn Klux Klan, and affiliated
organizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service, Realm (State) of North
Carolina, and Rowan Sportsmen's Club, in your possession, custody or control,
or maintained by you or available to you as Grand Kligrapp (Secretary) and
employee of the Realm (State) of North Carolina, of the Ku Klux Klan of
America, Inc., also known as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the
Ku Klux Klan.

I demand that you produce those documents in accordance with the
provisions of the subpena.

Mr. Le.\zer. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 22, 1965, for that information is not relevant or germane to
the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the Con-
gress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by Kule
IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolution 8,
adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
October 4, October 22, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to
do so, the same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights
as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution
of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Counsel, I take it that you stipulate that your
client is familiar with my opening statement in all of its particulars,
intents and purposes and coverage?

Mr. Chalmers. That is correct.

The Chairman. And that your client has been ordered to produce
these documents in the capacity described by the subpena?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. It is further stipulated that the documents called
for which are directed to be produced are in the capacities indicated in
the subpena. We are not quibbling about any details, I take it?

Mr. Chalmers. You and myself, we are not, Mr. Willis, no, sir.

The Chairman. Therefore, sir, I order and direct you to produce
the documents just read by Mr. Appell and order you to produce
these in the capacity indicated.

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 22, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to
the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the Con-
gress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in the subpena dated
October 22, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the
same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guar-
anteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the
United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leazer, under the terms and conditions of the

1890 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

subpena you are also ordered to bring with you and produce tlxat de-
scribed in part 2 :

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda in your pos-
session, custody or control, or maintained by or available to you, in your
capacity as Grand Kligrapp (Secretary) and employee of the Realm (State)
of North Carolina of the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku
Klux Klan, which the "Constitution and Laws" of said organization authorize
and require to be maintained by you and any other oflScer of said organization,
the same being in your possession, custody or control.

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 22, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane
to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the
Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor
is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated
by Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records .as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
October 22, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the
same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guar-
anteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the
United States of America.

The Chairman. The same stipulation with reference to my opening
statement is agreed to and the same stipulation w^ith reference to
the fact that the subpena was served on him in his representative
capacity is agreed to?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Sir, I order and direct you pursuant to the sub-
pena duces tecum, served upon you, in a representative capacity as
indicated, I order and direct you to produce the documents just re-
ferred to by Mr. Appell.

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 22, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane
to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the
Congress in a consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule IV of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
October 22, 1965, for the reason I honestly feel that to do so, the same
might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed
to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United
States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leazer, I hand you .a document. Foreign Corpora-
tions Franchise Tax Report of the State of North Carolina, signed
by James R. Jones, Grand Dragon of North Carolina, dated July 20,
1965, and I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to .affirm or deny the
fact, that Grand Dragon Jones in filing this document on July 20,
1965, listed himself as the president, G. B. Mars, as vice president.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1891

and yourself, D. E. Leazer, as secretary, and F. L. Wilson as treasurer.

Mr. Lkazer. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Document marked "Donald Leazer Exhibit No. 1." Pages 1 and
4 of said exhibit follow :)

Donald Leazer Exhibit No. 1

JOHN

"^MM C SOS

^ UNGUti^*

NORTH CAROLINA

INITIAL FRANCHISE TAX REPORT

FOREIGN CORPORATIONS

This form is to be used for the Initial report of corporations pursuant to the provisions of G. S. 105-123, and said
report should be filed with the Department of Revenue within sixty days of domestication or the be^innins' of its
business in North Carolina, whichever occurs first, with remittance to cover tax prorated from this date to June 30
next (minimum tax $10.00). This does not take the place of the annual franchise report required to be filed on July
31 of each year by forcl^ and domestic corporations.

Street Address A->-0^-^t»H— -2k-'i-N-

Post Office Address .....^.^^V^OtA.^.NL'iA*^- V>-'-^_'- Uijder laws of

Principal office or place of business in North Carolina ?*-^AVl\V«=__^M^<>ftMj-^Vl-'-C_.

- ■ I- \^

^' Date domesticated in N.C. JyJ: :_ ?V Kind of Business '^^^S^JSn^-VJU^^^i'^f^jilLai'^i^

Indicate if connected with another corporation as: Parent D Subsidiary D Affiliate □

Furnish name, address and business of each (Attach Schedule) tt

BASIS AND Computation of Tax

AMOUNT

1. C*piUI stock outsUndin;, Snrplas, UndivMed ProfiU, and alloeitions thertof.
(BrouKht from p«K« 2, item 22)

2. Add: Indebtedness to or (uaranteed by parent or affiliated corporation,
(Brought from page 2, Item 26)

3. ToUl (Sum of Items 1 and 2)

V ..V

,e^

)

4. ToUl amount allocated to North Carolina ( % of item 3)

s\^^

,-^

6. Total asaessed value of all properties located in North Carolina including total
valuation of intangible penonal property (From page 2, item 40)

6. -Total investment in tangible properties in North Carolina
(Brought from page 2, Item S4)

7. TOTAL TAXABLE AMOUNT (Item 4, B, or 6. whichever is greatest)

—

S. Amount of Ux computed at 11.50 per $1,000.00 of iUm 7 (MINIMUM tlO.90)

tof

ati

». (a) Add: Penalty of 6% per month of delinquency period up to a mazkiim
of ZG% of item 9, not less than S5.00, for failure to file on date due.

3<Cf

(b) Add: Interest at 6% per annum

10. TOTAL TAX, PENALTY AND INTEREST DUE (MINIMUM 110.00)

1 — \ 0

6C>^

s^ — ■

^. ATTACH REMnTANCE AND MAKE PAYABLE TO N. C. DEPArVmENT OF REVENUE

AFFIRMATION OF TAXPAYER .^

h«T*fcT •fflrm that thU report. Inclmllftt iW areofNpanrtni •ch«dul«« and tX^j^^\* Iff antW***'*^!) •j.%m\r,^ by fiM and to tba bf*t ol
ipr hno»kid«» anH bvllvf. U tru« and eompWU and U ma<la Ir rood fallh foverlnf .Ih** »Bi»bl*'[^^oH •l&>^ tranuant to Um IUv*nu« Art of \%%'i
I amended. ai>d Iht rerulatiena la^twd uadvr anthorilr li]^$^f. and that thl> af/j^^atlon l^.^i^M<^||>lfr ~m*' fjtealtio ppMcrIM by law

1892

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Donald Leazer Exhibit No. 1 — Continued

' 1 Allocation percentage ratio

To b« awd when eorpontlon'a priiKlpil bailneu is either menufKtoriiiK, prododnc, hIIIiik, or dealing In Uii«fl>U
pcrtonal property.

Property— (Tenftible property nted In Trade or Bosineu)
102. Realty: Land

North Carolina

Total

Ratio

Buikjinm

Renuls (See Instruetions Below)

103. Personal: Machinery and Equipment

Inventories (Averaged )

Other Property

RenUls (See Instnxtiona Balow)

104. Total Cost and RenUl Value

106. Less: Depreciation Reserve

106. ToUl Sututory Value

107. RATIO OF PROPERTY

xxxxxxxxx

108. Payrolls— Total

109. Less: Compensation to officers having company-
wide authority

110. Payrolls— Net

111. RATIO OF PAYROLLS

112. RATIO OF SALES

113. TOTAL OF THREE RATIOS

<r.

114. ARITHMETICAL AVERAGE— RATIO—
(To page 1, line 4)

xiimnxm

ii»¥»iiri

To be used when corporation's principle business is other
than as described above or other than the o'peration of a
public service corporation.

118. RATIO OF CROSS RECEIPTS (Attach Schedule)
(To page 1, line 4)

In
North Carolina

Tottd

RaUo

% ■

. '

VALUE OF RENTAL PROPERTY

Asaign values of rental property for allocation purposes by multiplyini; the annual net rent paid for each claas of
property by the applicable multiple. (Net rent means gross c^nt paid less rent received from subrentals)

Real Property

Machinery A Eauipment used in Manufacturing

Delivery and Mobile Equipment

Furniture A Fixtures

Office Machinery A Equipment • __

MalUple
8
3
1
3
2

OFFjCERSy NAMES AND ADDRESSES

V OFFjCERSyN/

'^v'ft.-;>vi\\t •a.'u'iKK . Va ^ <L

President:

oVi^A.

Vice-president: \^..

Vice-president:

Secretary:

\^.^, N.-*^-^':^^?^.

\'\\.\VVmM .\>a,

Tpeasurer :

^.V-. ^MAN^l^^Vl

^'^Vv^mA ■ ^ ■ ^

Kame and address of process
apent in North Carolina

A'^^X "^-AfiV^^X ^^•^'vW-'^va<n>.,\i>(

Failure l« file this report within sixty days of the ^rporation's domestication or the beginning of its business in North
Carolina, whichever occurs first, will subject the corporation to a penalty of 5% per month of delinquency period (maxi-
mum of 26%) of the amount of tax and not less than $5.00. All necessary qnesllona inuat be anawered or an amended re-
port win be required. Rewillance of amount dae wpat accompany this report.

• CORPORATE INCOME AND FRANCHISE TAX DIVISION
N. C. Department of revenue. Raleigh. N. C.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the committee's investigation estab-
lishes that the Rowan Sportsmen's Club with which we have just
previously dealt with the preceding witness is known as Klavern
Number 1, and was known as Klavern Nimiber 1 during the days of
the U.S. Klans under the leadership of Eldon Edwards, and prior to
becoming formally known as the Rowan Sportsmen's Club at least ai?
far as its checking account was concerned was known merely as the

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1893

United Klans of America, Incorporated, Knights of the Ku Klux
Klan.

The Chairman. Is tliat the same Edwards referred to before?

Mr. Appell. He was head of the U.S. Klans prior to 1960.

The Celvirmax. He called Shelton on the carpet for financial
manipulations ?

Mr. Appell. The same man.

The Chairman. As a result of which Shelton thereupon created his
own organization.

Mr. Appell. After being removed from the position of Grand
Dragon, U.S. Klans, by Imperial Wizard Edwards ; yes, sir.

Mr. Leazer, I put it to you as a fact that you were a member of
a Klan unit now known as the Kowan Sportsmen's Club, and I ex-
liibit to you a check dated 11-10-1964, imprinted "United Klans of
America, Inc., Knights of K.K.K.," Don Leazer, $5.15.

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. Appell. I ask you to affirm or deny that fact.

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

.(Document marked "Donald Leazer Exhibit No. 2" follows:)

Donald Leazer Exhibit No. 2

UNITED KLAM8 OF AMERICA. INC. "^ ^^®

uncim or c. b. k.

• 604^

^./y

►■«»i«

SECURITY BANK & TRUST Ctt '^J A? 7tf^.L^..lf^^^ i

AMNcra MrtATM rastu im& - - - ^

•rffNCn. NOMTH CAMOUNA

-•:o5 3i"-o'i«.ai:

Mr. Appell. I ask you to affirm or deny the fact that Fred L.
Wilson, who is a cosigner on this check, you knew to be treasurer of
the Klavem as well as presently the State treasurer.

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or denj^
the fact, that while this gentleman has held many offices within the
Klavem, you Imew him at one time to be the exalted cyclops, W. R.
McCubbins.

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leazer, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that this is the signature card to which there
is affixed your signature, together with James R. Jones, and Fred L.
Wilson, the account maintained at Wachovia Bank and Trust Com-
pany, in Salisbury, North Carolina.

1894 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

I ask you to affirm or deny that fact.
(Document handed to the witness.)
The Chairman. What is the name of that account ?
Mr. Appell. United Klans of America, Incorporated.
Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "Donald Leazer Exhibit No. 3" follows:)

Donald Leazer Exhibit No. 3

• NA.ME DATE ^-VJ^^^

\ L^ )7£~^ f<Lfhh.'s f, r A m ^:/? / c;^ ^ Z Vc. corporation

i n ., : \pn 7/-' Xs/c'x'>.

I ^.^' ' ; : — - — ^rr "— r y- —

DCNT

^TREASURER

cyp :rp;n.= c P^. Z^O.AJiL'S

* ADD»ES3 P>C. BOX- .Tr^/ C^ft(^,^)rjZ pU^:f?Rr .A/,C'

STRECT AND NUMUE.R CITY ' STATE

'. i •

1. ^

V This account Is accepted by Wachovia Bank and Trust Company subject to the

provisions stated on the reverse sldo of this card. Above are the duly authorized

^ signatures v/hich the Btinlt wUl recognise In the payment of funds or the trans-

action of other business.

■, 7«* REV e.fil

_^_, /_j/f/_^^C?! „..J>^..

Mr. Appell. I hand you a series of checks, Mr. Leazer, dated July 2,
July 10, July 16, July 23, August 2, August 6, August 14, August 20,
August 28, September 3, September 10, September 17, all of 1965, a
total of 12 checks, each in the amount of $150.00, salary and expense,
payable to Donald E. Leazer, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact
that you are the Donald Leazer, the payee, on these checks.

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to answr?r that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Documents previously marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-F."
See p. 1721.)

The Chairmax. And those cliocl?s are drawn on the account you
just referred to?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

Mr. Leazer, I ask you from what source the money is derived which
is placed into this account in the name of the United Khins of America,
Incorporated, care of James R. Jones, with the AVachovia Bank and
Trust Company, of which there lias been deposited from May 18, 1965,
through September 19, 1965, $16,903.37. I ask you the source of that?

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1895

(Documents previously marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-A.")

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leazer, as a Klansman, do you carry a concealed
weapon ?

Mr. Le.\zer. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Were you tried for the crime of carrying a concealed
weapon on August 27, 1965 ?

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to read into the record
from a certified copy of a court record, signed by the assistant clerk
of the superior court, Rowan Superior Court, Rowan County, North
Carolina, Case 166642 :

State vs. Donald E. Leazer ; Carrying Concealed Weapon ; State Witnesses O. L.
Wilhelm, C. M. Grant, J. G. Overeash, 8-27-65.

The Defendant Pleads Not Guilty. The Defendant is Adjudged Guilty. Let the
Defendant be confined in the Common Jail of Row'an County for a period of 60
days and be assigned to work under the supervision of the State Prison Depart-
ment. This sentence is suspended, by and with consent of defendant in open
court, on the following conditions : Defendant is to pay a fine of $50.00 plus costs ;
Defendant is to be and remain of general good behavior for two years ; let the
weapon be confiscated and destroyed.

Is that a factual record as certified to by the assistant clerk of the
superior court ?

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Weltner. What is the date of the sentence?

Mr. Appell. 8-27-65.

Mr. Weltner. Do you have any checks that are dated subsequent
t o that date ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir. We have one dated August 28, the day fol-
lowing, and one September 3, and one September 10, and one Septem-
ber 17.

Mr. Weltner. Those are following a pattern of a weekly payment;
is that correct?

Mr. Appell. $150, the purpose for which drawn is salary and
expense.

Mr. Weltner. Thank you.

The Chairman. What was the concealed weapon? Does the judg-
ment show?

Mr. Appell. No, it says, "Let the weapon be confiscated and
destroyed."

On the same date, Mr. Chairman, I would like to read another entry
certified by the assistant clerk of the superior court :

Case 166647 State vs. Donald E. Leazer Possession of Tear Gas 8-27-65
The Defendant Pleads Not Guilty. The Defendant Is Adjudged Guilty. Let
the Defendant be confined in the Common Jail of Rowan County for a period
of 60 days and be assigned to work under the supervision of the State Prison
Department. This sentence is suspended, by and with consent of defendant in
open court, on the following conditions: Defendant is to pay a fine of $40.00
plus costs ; Let the tear gas be confiscated and destroyed.

Is that a factual recitation of the facts, Mr. Leazer?
Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

1896 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Document marked "Donald Leazer Exhibit No. 4" and retained in
committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Were these fines and costs adjudged against you paid
by the United Klans of America ?

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Was this tear gas obtained by you for possible use in
connection with your membership in the United Klans of America?

Mr. Leazer. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell, Mr. Chairman, I have no further questions of this
witness.

The Chairman. Mr. Leazer, you are hereby continued under that
subpena until November 15.

The committee will resume hearings next Monday at 10 o'clock.

(Wliereupon, at 5:45 p.m., Friday, October 22, 1965, the subcom-
mittee recessed, to reconvene at 10 a.m., Monday, October 25, 1965.)

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN ORGANIZATIONS IN

THE UNITED STATES

Part 1

MONDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1965

United States House of Representatives,

Subcommittee of the
Committee on Un-American Activities,

Washington^ D.C.

PUBLIC HEARINGS

The subcommittee of the Committee on Un-American Activities
met, pursuant to recess, at 10:15 a.m. in the Caucus Room, Cannon
House Office Building, Washington, D.C, Hon. Edwin E. Willis
(chairman) presiding.

(Subcommittee members: Representatives Edwin E. Willis, of Lou-
isiana, chairman; Joe R. Pool, of Texas; Charles L. Weltner, of Geor-
gia ; John M. Ashbrook, of Ohio ; and John H. Buchanan, Jr., of Ala-
bama.)

Subcommittee members present : Representatives Willis, Pool, Welt-
ner, and Buchanan.

Committee member also present : Representative George F. Senner,
Jr., of Arizona.

Staff members present: Francis J. McNamara, director; Wil-
liam Hitz, general counsel ; Alfred M. Nittle, counsel ; Donald T. Ap-
pell, chief investigator; and Philip R. Manuel, investigator.

The Chairman. The subcommittee will come to order, please.

Will you please call your first witness ?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, before I call my first witness, I would
like to ask permission of the Chair to place into the record at the
appropriate point in the testimony of Mr. Robert Shelton the docu-
ments which we have now received in response to a subpena duces
tecum which related to purchases from the Lorch's Diamond Shop in
Tuscaloosa, Alabama.

I would like to bring to the committee's attention that one of these
documents appears to be a personal account of Mrs. Robert Shelton,
which reflects on its face that her employer, or her occupation, is
United Klans of America, and tliis credit card is signed by Mrs.
Betty Shelton.

The Chairman. The documents will be received and inserted at
that point in the record.

In other words, Mr. Appell, you received these documents subse-
quent to the appearance of Mr. Shelton and his testimony ?

1897

1898 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. They were received on last Friday, sir, after Mr. Shel-
ton's testimony ; yes, sir.

Mr. Chairman, I would also like to ask permission that there be
placed in the record at the conclusion of the testimony of Mr. Kome-
gay the applications for insurance under the Klan program of insur-
ance between the Capital City Restoration Association and the Inter-
national Life and Accident Insurance Company, those applications of
Klansmen signed up under that program.

The Chairman. The documents will be received in evidence and
inserted at the point indicated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call as the first witness
this morning Arthur C. Leonard.

The Chairman. Please raise your right hand.

You do solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give
w411 be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help
you God ?

Mr. Leonard. I do.

The Chairman. Proceed.

TESTIMONY OF ARTHUR C. LEONARD, ACCOMPANIED BY COUNSEL,

LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. Would you state your full name for the record, sir?

Mr. Leonard. Arthur C. Leonard.

Mr, Appell. Are you appearing here this morning in response to a
subpena served upon you by an investigator of the committee, Mr.
Eay McConnon, at 9 o'clock a.m. on the 13th day of October 1965?

Mr. Leonard. I am.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Leonard. I am.

Mr, Appell. Will comisel please identify himself for the record,
please ?

Mr. Chalmers. Lester V. Chalmers, Jr., attorney at law, Room 501,
First Federal Building, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, would you set forth for the committee
when and where you were born ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. That question is preliminary and is simply laying
the foundation. We do not accept your reasons for refusal to answer
and I direct you to answer.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as quaranteed me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or
deny the fact, that you advised Investigator McConnon at the time
he served you with a subpena that you were born in 1904 at Rowan,
North Carolina, Rowan County, North Carolina.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reasons that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1899

ill violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1,
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. ArrELL. Mr. I^eonard, would you set forth your educational
background ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you advised the committe investigator, McConnon, that
you had completed the first 10 years of school.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me
in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. I ask you, Mr. Leonard, to set forth your employment
background.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you advised Investigator McConnon that you were in
the home improvement business and have been since 1948, presently
owner of the Southern Awning Manufacture Company, Lexington
Road, Spencer, North Carolina, where it has been located for the last
4 years.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1.
4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr, Leonard, under the terms of the su'bpena, you
were directed to, or commanded to bring with you, and produce be-
fore said committee, documents which were called for on an attach-
ment which was made a part of the subpena. This attachment, con-
sisting of one paragraph, reads :

All books, records, documents, correspondence and memoranda relating to
the organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible
Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also
known as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and
affiliated organizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service, Rowan Sports-
mens Club, Realm (.state) of North Carolina, in your possession, custody or
control or maintained by you or available to you as the former Grand Dragon,
Realm (state) of North Carolina, and as a present or former officer Rowan
Sportsmens Club, Realm (state) of North Carolina, of the Invisible Empire,
United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as the
United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records as requested by this committee upon subpena dated
October 4, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to
the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the Con-
gress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is such
inquiry within the scope of that .authorized to be investigated by
Rule XI of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

1900 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in its subpena dated
October 4, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the
same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights .as guar-
anteed to me by amendments 5, 1; 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the
United States of America.

The Chairman. Mr. Chalmers, do you agree to the folowing stipu-
lation: (1) That the witness has been furnished a copy of the chair-
man's opening statement of October 19, 1965, and tliat he is familiar
with its contents; (2) that the directions of the subpena to produce
the documents called for are made to the witness in the official repre-
sentative capacity described in the subpena.

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

Mr. Chairman, may I state, sir, I conferred with comisel for the
committee earlier this morning, and there was some mist-ake which
he and myself have worked out. Rather than it being Rule IV of
the rules adopted by the 89th Congress and House Resolution 8, it is
.actually Rule XI. I think counsel and myself understand the differ-
ence there.

The Chairman. It appears on page iv ?

Mr. Chalmers. It appeaars on page vi, actually.

The Chairman. We understand.

Mr. Chalmers. I wanted to call it to your attention.

The Chairman. But the stipulation is entered into ?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir ; that is correct, sir.

The Chairman. Now, Mr. Leonard, the Chair does not accept your
reasons for failing to produce the documents called for in the sub-
pena, for you to produce them in the capacity indicated, and I now
order and direct you to produce them.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 4, 1965, for that information is not relevant and ger-
mane to the subject undet investigation .and the same would not aid
the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation,
nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investi-
gated by Rule XI of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the connnittee any and all docu-
ments and records us demanded by the committee in a subpena dated
October 4, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the
same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as
guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of
the United States of America.

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, are you currently the holder of the posi-
tion of klokard for the Rowan County Klavern or the Rowan Sports-
men's Club?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of tjie Constitution of tlie United States of America.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1901

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to aftirni or deny
the fact, tliat you advised committee investigator McConnon on the
13th day of October 1965, at the time he served you with the subpena,
that you did hold the position of klokard within your Klavern.

Mr. Lkonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the connnittee subpenaed from the
Security Bank & Trust Co., Spencer, North Carolina, bank accounts
relating to the Rowan Sportsmen's Club and accounts under the name
of the United Klans of America. The bank forwarded to the com-
mittee in compliance with this subpena duces tecum canceled checks,
ledger cards, signature cards, that relate to this.

These cards reflect that the account which was subpenaed was
opened on December 10, 1958, and it was opened in the name of the
U.S. Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Box 666, China Grove, North
Carolina.

I desire. Mr. Chairman, to read from the signature card of Decem-
ber 10, 1958, and tlien ask certain questions of the witness.

It appears on top: "2 sig[nature]s required, Dec. 10, 1958. Name
U.S. Knights of K K Klan [Address] Box 666 China Grove NC.
The following two signatures will both be necessary to withdraw
funds."

This is written out in longhand. "A. C. Leonard, Act. Treasurer;
W. E. McCubbins, E.C. ; C. B. Gobble, Treasure [sic].;'

Typed onto this document is that "We prefer to sign cks without
using titles."

"% opened by Mr. T^eonard & Mr. McCubbins" with a deposit of
$121.29.

I hand you this card, Mr. Leonard, and put it to you as a fact, and
ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that you are the A. C. Leonard
listed on the signature card.

(Witness made no reply.)

(Document marked "Arthur Leonard Exhibit No. 1-A" appears
on p. 1902.)

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that the bank properly reported that this account was opened
by yourself and Mr. McCubbins.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the bank records reflect that that
signature card remained in effect until 10-11-63.

I am son'y, Mr. Cliairman. Until 2-8-60.

This carci, which I would like to read into the record, shows : "U.S.
Knights of K. K. Klan, J. L. Corriher, Treas., Rt. #4, Box 544, Salis-
bury, N.C." Two signatures required : "J. L. Corriher, Treas. ; W. R.
McCubbins, Seer. ; F. L. Wilson, V.P."

The card contains the notation that on August 27, 1963, Mr. F. L.— I
cannot make out the name clearl}' enough, Mr. Chairman, to put it into
the record — succeeds Mr. O. C. Snider as vice president as of this
date, and this contains, as the authority, the signature "Arthur C.
I^eonard."

I hand you this card, Mr. Leonard, and ask you whether or not the
facts that I have just recited to you from this card are facts.

59-222 O — 67— pt. 1 25

1902 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Arthur Leonard Exhibit No. 1-A

NAME

PartnerAip u. S. KNIGHTS 07 K. T.'. KUJl '

Corporation goX 666, ClliXia GrOVB , MOnd of

Account of Business ,

Address raone

In coMldoralion of th» openlnij of thl» account by the SECURITY BAKK 4 TRUST CO., tha imdeniqiMd agi»«« that
all notes, drafts, checks, or other papers purchased by the bank from the underBi<7ne<l or reoeWed by It for credit or
collection from or through the undersigned, are purchased or received subject to the actual receipt in cosh or proceeds
thereof by the bank and until such receipt said paper or procaeds shall be held at tbe risk of the underalqned. and
the bonk shall not be liable for the loss thereof or for the default, negligence or failure of Us Tg^nts. or. of any ooir*-
spondents or others to whom the paper may be sent for collection. The bank and any collecting agenta if the bank or/
of the undersigned may present such paper direct to the bonk on which it is drown or at which it ie poyobla or in its
discretion i^ay forwurd such paper to a collecting agent vrith authority to present such paper ior paTBM&t, and this
bonk and/or any collecting agent may accept in rtrum th» Sheck, r" — " — — -"* ' -■' — ' *• " ' ^- ■ —

MiiCTg»iy.!!iMj.yM.I,%i^,l',^

to realize the full amount in cash may be charged by the bank in whole or in part to the undarslazMa'B oooount.
Each collecting agent shall be the agent of the undersigned and not of the bank, but neither this bank nor any aocli
agent shall be liable for any loss growing out of the neglect, default or failure of another agent. i

The undersigned agrees that the bonk may refuse payment of and return as unpaid to the party preaentlng aama,
any checks presented when the undersigned does not hove a suhident balance of coUectad funds in his otojunt at tfa*
opening of business on the day such checks are presented to pay the same.

The undersigned hereby agrees that the bank may waive demand, notice and protest on oU checks, drafts, and
other papers purchased by the bank or received by it for credit or collection by. from or through the undstsigned..

Checks will be presented for payment through our Clearing Bank and il dishonored will be charged to deposttor*'
account or presented to him for payment. Checks, drafts, and other items drown on this bank not p<^ ior any reoaoa
at the close of business on its business day next following the day deposited may be charged back to tha undarsiqnad.

Liability of endorsers on checks certified at the bank's request shall not be released until such items aia paid.

It is agreed that a service charge may be made by the bank each month for handling this account in oocordaaoa
with the rules from time to time prescribed by this bonk and the amount thereof shall ba charged to cusloaMr's oocount.

It Is also agreed that a charge of SOc for each check drawn against this account ondciatumad foe InsulfWtmt
funds shall be made against this account.

It Is also agreed that the statement of my account furnished by tha bonk will ba axamlnad proaptly npoo th* ra-
calpt of same and that If no error is reported to the bank within ten days, the bank will consider statements os eonact

The signature of persons authorized to draw checks which the bonk will tecogniza in porymant oi funds or lor Iha
transaction of other business on account of the undersigned are hereby given below. r\ r** ,^ ^

The undarslgnad hereby cartiiias that ha bos read and agraas to tha obova oootroJl.] h l' \ Ci 1A C 0

"°^.§.C..l.a..I95.8...

(Contlnuad on Reva

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1903

Mr. Lkonakd. 1 respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "Arthur T^onard Exhibit No. 1-B" follows:)

NAME

Arthur Leonard Exhibit No. l-B

U. S. Knights of K. K. Klan
J. L. Corriher, Treas
^t . J. It, BgxJM

2 sigs. required

ADDRESS Salisbury, N. C.

AUTBOBOED siGNATimEs Efrective dato 2-3—60

ConUnued from (roni ild*

ITYPEWRITE NAME HEREl

WILL

SIGN

(SIGNATURE IN THIS COLUMNI

J. L« Corriher

W. R. McCubbins

, Qcy^c^i,^^^^-^

Treas

Seer,

'^^^-XJ.^Saidec:

PL AJ//^o^^^

-^^kMiz/z^

)?83

y -^ \ju

^.v^^

)l£^

^i^^y^ 79h/\^^c^ /^aJ^^ ^^ot-<:^^.je^^

^ZAJ

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that the change that went into effect on August 27, 1963, was
merely to replace Mr. C. O. Snider as vice president to F. L. AVilson
as vice president.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that at that time you were an officer of the Realm of North
Carolina, United Klans of America.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I hand you a card, a new card, 1-2-64, now changed
to the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux
Klan

The Chairman. What is the date I

Mr. Appell. January 2, 1964 — which shows Mr. F. L. Wilson as
treasurer and that the other signatures contained on the accomit under
the U.S. Klan were still in effect at the time of the new card on Janu-
ary 2, 1964.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

1904 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Document marked "Arthur Leonard Exhibit No. 1-C" follows:)

NAME

Arthur Leonard Exhibit No. 1-C

UNITED KLANS OF ALTSRIGA, INC
KNIG! TS OF. K«K. .K.-

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, an analysis of the account reflects that
on February 24, 1965, the account in the name of the United Klans of
America, Inc., was closed out with a check in the amount of $134.99,
and that this check was used to open a new account, in the name of the
Rowan Sportsmen's Club, Fred L. Wilson, Treasurer, 610 Little
Street, Salisbury, North Carolina.

The Chairman. What is that date?

Mr. Appell. This is February 24, 1965.

That this account contains the signatures of Fred L. Wilson as
treasurer; W. R. McCubbins, who has been previously referred to on
other signature cards; and Wayne Dayvault, a witness before this
committee last week.

I hand you this card and put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that this signature card was autliorized by the
membership of the Rowan Sportsmen's Club.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds ])reviously stated.

(Document marked "Arthur Leonard Exhibit No. 1-D" appears
on p. 1905.)

The Chairman. As I heard the question, he could properly say no
to this question.

Well, all right.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, when did you become a member of any
Ku Klux Klan organization?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, when interviewed by Investigator McConnon on October 13,
1965, that you advised him that you joined the Klan in 1953.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1905

NAME '

Arthur Leonard Exhibit No. 1-D

RCWAN SPORTSMEN'S CLDB
Fred L. Wilson, Treas.

610 Littlw Stroot
SaMflbury, wn

ADDRESS

AUTHORIZED SIGNATURES

TWO SIGNATURES NEOHOOAHT ?0R
VriTHDRAWAL

Continued from Iront aid*

ITVprwRITE NAME HERE)

WILL
SIGN

(StONATURE IN THIS COLUMNl

^iX^^^^

MB:mt£JM^

tjteM

^ ^<^itintt z.y/^^^^'^^^KJ^

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that this Klavern to which we have established
official affiliation on your part w^as, prior to becoming affiliated with
the U.S. Klans, under the leadership of the Lnperial Wizard Eldon
Edwards ; that you were affiliated as a Klavern of the North Carolina
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, whicli Avas under the leadership of
Grand Wizard James W. "Catfish" Cole.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, in order that the record may properly
understand questions that are going to be asked of the witness, I would
like to read into the record a statement on the basis of the committee's
investigation to the effect that in the winter of 1955 there was formed
an independent Klan group Avhich started out merely by the title of
the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, but then became known as the
North Carolina Knights of the Ku Klux Klan ; that this organization
was started in Charlotte, North Carolina, and after the leadership of
several temporary Grand Wizards, its leadership was taken over by a
former carnival pitchman, self-styled Baptist "Free Will" Minister,
from Marion, South Carolina, James W. "Catfish" Cole.

Cole's influence until January 1958 when this Klan burned a cross on
the outskirts of St. Pauls, North Carolina, in front of the home of an
Indian woman who the Klan implied was involved with a white man.
They also burned crosses at the residence of Indians who had recently
moved into a formerly all-white neighborhood.

On January 18, 1958, Cole's Klan scheduled a rally near Maxton,
North Carolina, in spite of warnings by the local sheriff that he lacked
the manpower to put down a riot should one occur. On the night of

1906 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

the proposed rally, an estimated 50 to 75 Klansmen gathered around
Cole at the rally site carrying shotguns, rifles, and pistols.

Before the rally started, an estimated 1000 armed Indians of the
Lumbee Indians gathered along the edge of the highway and charged
the unrobed Klansmen and the rally turned into a riot. Cole escaped,
leaving his wife and children to be protected by other Klansmen.

On April 8, 1959, Cole was committed to jail in Lumberton, North
Carolina, to begin serving an 18-24 month term for inciting the riot
at Maxton Klan rally.

I put it to you as a fact, Mr. Leonard, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that it was following this that your Klavern and other
Klaverns in the State of North Carolina began negotiations with
representatives of Eldon Edwards for the purpose of oecoming affili-
ated with his organization as a realm of the U.S. Klan in the State of
North Carolina.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Ak»ell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that George Dorsett, now an official of the L^nited Klans of
America, who was the grand kliidd, or chaplain, under James W.
"Catfish" Cole, became the Grand Wizard of this organization after
Cole was committed to serve his term,

Mr. Pool. Was that a Grand Wizard or Imperial Wizard ?

Mr. Appell. This is on a State level, sir ; it is the Grand Wizard.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, do you know Fred L, Wilson in addition
to being treasurer of your Klavern, klabee, to be klabee or treasurer
of the Realm of North Carolina ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Did you know Wayne Dayvault and Don Leazer to
be members of your Klavern ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that when Investigator McConnon interviewed you on Oc-
tober 13, 1965, that after first refusing to discuss these individuals
that you identified Fred L. Wilson, Wayne Dayvault, and Don Leazer
as members of your Klavern, and that you later admitted to him in
the course of the interview the positions which they held within the
Klan.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you identified Leazer as one of Jone-s' full-time organ-
izers; Wilson to be klabee of the Klavern; and Dayvault to be the
kligrapp or secretary.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, during the time that your Klan was
known as a Klan or Klavern within the U.S. Klan, Unit Number 1,

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1907

at the time Mr. W. R. McCubbins was the kludd, I put it to you as a
fact, and ask you to affinn or deny the fact, that James R. Jones, now
Grand Dragon of North Carohna, was the klokann chief of the
Klavern.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that toward the end of 1958 or early 1959, that now Grand
Dragon Jones, now Realm Treasurer Wilson, and now Grand Kligrapp
or Secretary Leazer were expelled from your Klavern for nonpay-
ment of dues.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that prior to that time, that now Grand Dragon James R.
Jones was disciplined by your Klavern on many occasions for his radi-
cal conduct.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Did you possess knowledge of an organization known
as the Black Shirts or Chessmen ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, it is the committee's information that
following

Tlie Chairman. One second, Mr. Appell.

Wlio did you say was dismissed or expelled for nonpayment of dues ?

Mr. Appell. The present Grand Dragon, James R. Jones. This was
in late 1958 or early 1959.

The Chairman. Now, Mr. Leonard, having expelled or dismissed
Mr. Jones for nonpayment of dues, did you expel or did anyone to your
knowledge ever expel anyone for acts of violence ?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, in order to obtain the context of the next
question, I would like to make a statement for the record that in the
spring of 1959, August W., properly known as "Gus" Holman, the
former Imperial Klabee of the U.S. Klan, under the Imperial Wizard
Eldon Edwards, formed in Columbia, South Carolina, a Klan-type
organization which became known as the Cliessmen. The Chessmen
quickly moved into North Carolina and merged with an organization
called the Black Shirts, which, like the Chessmen, was comprised of
former Klansmen who had been expelled from the U.S. Klans for
various reasons.

A group of Chessmen damaged a sawmill in Richfield, North Caro-
lina, on April 3, 1959, and thereafter the Chessmen began to disinte-
grate.

I ask you if you know James R. Jones to have been a member of that
organization.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

1908 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. AprELL. Mr. Leonard, I am going to read you a paragraph from
Investigator McConnon's report of interview with you, and after I
have read it I desire you to deny it, confirm it, or to give any comment
on it that you care to.

"Shelton visited Jones 2 weeks ago, according to subject [referring
to yourself] and both welcome the investigation of the Klan by the
committee, believing it will bring to light a lot of false thinking about
the Klan. Neither Jones or Shelton were worried about the Klan end
of the investigation, he related, but Jones was worried about what
might be brought out about him in a personal way. Subject clarified
this statement by stating that Jones at one time, just after reenlisting
in the Army in California, went AWOL due to family problems back
home. Subject stated he himself had gone to Washington with Jones
in an effort to get Jones his discharge changed from undesirable to
honorable. He said the AWOL charge caused Jones to receive this
undesirable discharge. They lost out in Washington, however, and
Jones was not granted a change in wordage of his discharge. Sub-
ject [referring to you] also alluded to Jones being concerned about
something that happened in his youth as well, or at least when he was
a young man. Subject declined [meaning you] to go any further on
that point, however."

Mr. Leonard, I ask you to affirm it, deny it, or make whatever com-
ment you want upon this quoted paragraph from Investigator Mc-
Connon's report of interview with you.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, over a number of years you were an em-
ployer of Mr. Jones ; were you not ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you told Investigator McConnon that you were his
employer over a period of many years.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you advised Investigator McConnon that you were the
Grand Dragon immediately preceding the appointment of Mr. Jones
to be Grand Dragon for the Realm of North Carolina.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon grounds previous stated.

Mr. Appell. With that knowledge, Mr. Leonard, can you in any
way explain to the committee an interview given by Mr. Jones to the
Winston-Salein Joumalow September 6 which appeared in an issue of
September 16, 1964, in which Mr. Jones is quoted as advising the
reporter that :

Early in the summer of 1963, he called a meeting of some men he thought
might be interested in reviving the Klan. After some discussion, they decided
to unite with Imperial Wizard Robert M. Shelton of Tuscaloosa, Ala.

Shelton sent Grand Dragon Scoggin up from Spartanburg, and he and Jones
went to work.

On Aug. 18, a small nucleus of men met in the Klan's old state headquarters
in southern Union County, and Jones was elected to a four-year term as Drngon

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1909

Can you explain this in light of your knowledge tluit you immedi-
ately preceded — your statement to the investigator that you immedi-
ately preceded Jones as the Grand Dragon of the United Klans of
America, Eealm of North Carolina?

Mr. Leoxard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that prior to the summer of 1963, and for some time prior
to the summer of 1963, that Grand Dragon Jones w^as a member of
the United Klans of America and assigned to the same Klavern that
you were a member of.

Mr. Leoxard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I had earlier asked you about the expulsion of Mr.
Jones from the Klan in 1958, and I asked you about any comment
that appears in this interview, where Mr. Jones says or the reporter
reports :

He didn't talk much about his early days in the Klan. He said he joined
"about 1954" and "got out about 1958." He said he quit because the Grand
Dragon in those day was guilty of "a multitude of sins."

As a member of the Klan in 1958 and as an officer of the Klavern,
what multitude of sins was now Grand Dragon Jones referring to at
that period of time?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. As a former employer of Jones over many years, I
ask you to comment upon this paragraph w'hich is a direct quote :

Thus far I haven't been paid anything for my work. I've gotten a majority
of my expenses paid ever since I was Grand Dragon. In the past 10 years I
would think I've got $25,000 tied up in the Klan. I have worn out tires and
automobiles going all over the country, and I missed money I'd have made if I
had been working.

Mr. Leonard, on the basis of the work and the money reported by
Jones as gross income or net income over the years, he could not pos-
sibly have made $25,000 in 10 years ; could he ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones also said in this interview, and I quote —
and this, I might add, relates to the image of the Klan and the accept-
ance of the Klan :

The main reason is that people don't understand the Klan .... People are
trying to crucify me because the old Klan did things. I do not and never have
belonged to the Ku Klux Klan. I belong to the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.
The Ku Klux Klan is on the attorney general's subversive list. This one is not
and never has been.

Was Mr. Jones ever a member of a Klan Avhich appeared on the
Attorney General's list ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(At this point Mr. Weltner left the hearing room.)

(Document marked "Arthur Leonard Exhibit No. 2" and retained
in committee files.)

1910 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, I show you a blank form of a "KLip-
grapp's Quarterly Keport" used in the days of the U.S. Klan under
the Imperial Wizard Eldon L. Edwards. You will note— well, let me
have you examine it.

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. Appell. According to this form, under the leadership of Im-
perial Wizard Edwards, Klans or Klaverns made reports not part to
the realm and part to the imperial, but they made their checks payable
to the Grand Dragon of the realm, and he took off his slice and for-
warded what the imperial was supposed to get directly to the imperial.

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact,
that today, under the United Klans of America, this procedure no
longer follows, and that your Klavern sends part of the money due
the realm directly to the realm, and to the imperial directly to the
imperial. I ask you to affirm or deny that.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "Arthur Leonard Exhibit No. 3"' appears on
p. 1911.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, after Mr. Jones replaced you as Grand
Dragon, in January 1964 were you elected to the office of Grand
Klaliff, or vice president?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I jDut it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that at that election held on January 26, 1964, at Granite
Quarry, North Carolina, that Jones was elected the Grand Dragon;
that Leonard, Arthur C. Leonard, was elected Grand Klaliff; that
W. R. McCubbins, who has been identified as a member, whose name
appeared on the same signature card that your name appeared on,
was elected the grand kludd; that Charles Bud Deese, of Salisbury,
North Carolina, was elected grand kilgrapp, or secretary ; that Ray
Terry, of Durham, North Carolina, was elected the conductor; that
Buck House, of Lexington, North Carolina, was elected the imier
guard ; that Jim McLamb, of Wilmington, North Carolina, was elected
outer guard ; and that Red Biddle, of Wilmington, North Carolina,
was elected as chief of the klokann committee ; and that C. J. Brindle —
Clarence J. Brindle, was elected grand night-hawk.

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you also held on the grand level the position of grand
klokard.

Mr. Leonard. I resj)ect fully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Do you know George Dorsett?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you advised Investigator McConnon that you had heard
that George Dorsett was one of the full-time organizers under Jones
today.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1911

Arthur Leonard Exhibit No. 3

fOUi K-iei f£AD DnrnmcnofNs on back nppu fkeparihg ms urcar

KUPGRAPP^ IIUARTERLY RBPORT

Kkn No. Rolm of : — : '. , Qoutar, 1» ._

Thu report miut be accnntcfy nude out in <iuplic*t< b7 tb Kilgrapp and aent to proper hcadquartcn NOT LATER THAN
HE TENTH of the montli inmiedutely foUoviog tlw lut month of the QUARTER. KIuu in Organized Realnu lend one copy to
Sue* Office. Remittance* man be nude by check, cub. Pen Office Order or Eqireo money order.

To Hit Mijeny, the Imperial \rizard, Km|bts of the Ku K.lux Klan:

The foUov/ing ij my report for the . -_ . . ___.Quarter, 1?

1. Klan located at , State of :

2. Xumbcr Klonklaves held — — ^^^^

}. Average attendance . . — — — ^^^^

4. Number of members in good standing last report ^

(If. new Klan, niimber when chartered _

t. Number members naturalized this quarter Carry down to line lib, lie or lid).

6. Number ministers naturalized this quarter (Tax due — No Klectokon)

7. Number members reinstated this quarter (carry down to line Ilf)_„

J. Number members received by transfer this quarter (carry down to line lie).

Gross membership .. .

9. Deductions: a — Suspended (for non-payment of dues)

b— Transferred (Tax to be paid by Klan issuing transfer)

c— Died .._.._ - ■

Total Deductions

Net Membership Good Standing This Report [

10. KLECTOKEM ON MEMBERS AT $5.00 EACH $

--il. A-TAX ON AT 70<(THREE MONTHS) ^

--^ B-TAX ON AT 47<(TW0 MONTHS). _|'

C-TAX ON AT 24<(0NE MONTH) |"

0-TAX ON (CURRENT MONTH HEN MEMBERS)

E-TRAN3FERS (PAID BY KLAH3 USING TRANSFER)

•=-TAX ON REINSTATED MEMBERS AT jg.OO 4

Toul Amount Due Imperial Headqoarters This Report '.'

MAKE CHECKS PAYABLE TO GRAND DRAGON IN YOUR REALM

Remarks: In organized Realms Reports will be sent to Grand Dragon's officer for certification.
Date , A. D. 19 , A. K

Signed

(KLAN SEAL)

Certified by

No. Realm of..
P. O. Address .

Kilgrapp.
. Uu

- : E. G

(SEE OTHER SIDE FOR INSTRUCTIONS)

1912 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Do you know Boyd Hamby?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you advised Investigator McConnon that you had heard
that Hamby was a full-time organizer for the Klan.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Do you know Grady Mars?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that while stating that you had only met Grady Mars on two
or three occasions, that you stated that you would not be surprised,
however, if Grady Mars was another full-time organizer for Bob
Jones in the UI^A.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Did you purchase a policy under the Klan hospital-
surgical policies which were written under the affiliated group, the
Capital City Restoration Association?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you advised Investigator McConnon that you did buy
an insurance policy under that plan.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Did you discuss with Investigator McConnon, Calvin
Craig, the Grand Dragon of Georgia ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(At this point Mr. Weltner returned to the hearing room.)

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that you stated you had met Calvin Craig on four or five
occasions; that you described him as being a bit hotheaded, but has
worked hard for the Klan.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Did you discuss with Investigator McConnon Robert
Scoggin, the Grand Dragon for the State of South Carolina ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, tliat you stated to Investigator McConnon that you had known
Robert Scoggin for a period of 10 years, considered him to have good
intentions, but to be a man who lacks the ability to represent the Klan
in the best light.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question ba.se<]
upon the grounds previously stated.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1913

Mr. Appell. As a matter of fact, Mr. Leonard, you knew Mr.
Scoggin to also be a Grand Dragon for the Realm of South Carolina
under the U.S. Klans during its existence under the leadership of
Imperial Wizard Edwards ; is that not a fact?

Mr. Leonard. I resj>ectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Leonard, I hand you, although they are not pre-
pared in the form in which the document is being handed to you, a
series of oaths (Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 4) which are taken by
Klansmen. I ask you to examine this series of oaths to advise the
committee whether or not these are the oaths admmistered to members
entermg the United Klans of America today.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. According to Investigator McConnon's report, you
have studied the work of the Klan to such a point that you were able
to recite to him the provisions of these oaths verbatim. I put it to
you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that you did quote
to him verbatim sections from these oaths.

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Did you advise Investigator McConnon that in appear-
ing before the committee, you possibly would not be able to testify to
the things that you told him about because they would violate your
Klan oath?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Is your invocation of grounds upon which you refuse
to testify in any way related to the oath of secrecy that you have taken
as a Klansman ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I have no further questions to ask of
tliis witness.

The Chairman. Mr. Pool?

Mr. Pool. Mr. Leonard, w^hen you were an official of the U.S.
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan and had charge of their records for
the money received, did you file an income tax return? That is, for
the U.S. Knights of the Ku Klux Klan ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Pool. You kept the records for the U.S. Knights of the Ku
Klux Klan?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Pool. Were you not the treasurer of the U.S. Knights of the
Ku Klux Klan ?

Mr. Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Pool. And you refuse to answer as to whether or not you filed
an income tax return for the U.S. Knights of the Ku Klux Klan?

Mr, Leonard. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

1914 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN EST THE U.S.

Mr. Pool. That is all, Mr. Chairman.

The CHAiRivrAN. Mr.Weltner?

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Chairman, I don't have any questions of this
witness, but I think for the purpose of clarity it might be well to ask
Mr. Appell to briefly relate the transition from the date of the North
Carolina Knights under "Catfish" Cole to the present Realm of North
Carolina under J. R. Jones.

Mr. Appell. The North Carolina Knights of the Ku Klux Klan
started to disintegrate after the conviction of "Catfish" Cole and the
riot that grew out of the attack upon the rally by the Lumbee In-
dians. However, it did not completely disintegrate as an organization,
and they still retained some Klavems, but the bulk of the Klavems
that were in that organization went into the U.S. Klans, some before
the Lumbee Indians mcident, and others after.

With respect to the Klavern to which Mr. Leonard is a member, it
continued in the U.S. Klans until the death of Eldon Edwards^ at
which time the bulk of the U.S. Klan membership in North Carolina,
including the Rowan County Klavern, went into the United Klans
of America and were represented at the convention in July of 1961 at
which Mr. Robert M. Shelton was elected Imperial Wizard for the
United Klans of America.

In a period there, the leadership of the "Cole Klan," the North
Carolina Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, attempted to get together
with the U.S. Klan elements in order to try to get together and merge
into one big organization. They even scheduled a meeting with
"Catfish" Cole in the penitentiary to carry this out.

Mr. Weltner. AVas the Rowan Sportsmen's Club then successor
Klavern to the North Carolina Knights, the U.S. Knights, and pres-
ently in the UK A ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

Mr. Weltner. That is all, Mr. Chairman.

The CHAiR]tf AN. Mr. Buchanan ?

Mr. Buchanan. I have no questions, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. The documents Mr. Appell questioned the witness
on will be received in evidence at the respective points where they
were exhibited and discussed.

The witness is excused and discharged from his subpena.

Mr. Chalmers. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman. The committee will stand in recess for 3 minutes.

(Whereupon, at 11:25 a.m., the subcommittee recessed. Representa-
tives Willis, Pool, Weltner, and Buchanan being present, and recon-
vened at 11:30 a.m. with Representatives Willis, Weltner, and
Buchanan present.)

The Chairman. The subcommittee will please come to order.

Call your next witness, Mr. Appell.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call Mr. Richard Joseph
Constantineau.

The Chairman. Please raise your right hand.

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give
will be the truth, the Avhole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help
you God?

Mr. Constantineau. I do.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1915

TESTIMONY OF RICHARD JOSEPH CONSTANTINEATJ

Mr. Appell. "Would you state your full name for the record, sir?

Mr. CoNSTiNTiNEATT. Ricliard Joseph Constantineau.

Mr. Appell, For the stenograplier, would you spell your last name?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNExVu. C-o-n-s-t-a-ii-t-i-n-e-a-u.

The Chairman. C-o-n-s-t-a-n-t-i-n-e-a-u.

Mr. Appell, Mr. Constantineau, are you appearing here in accord-
ance with a subpena served uj)on you at 6 :15 o'clock p.m. on the 14th
day October 1965, by Investigator McConnon, a member of the staff
of this committee ?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Constantineau. No, sir.

Mr. Appell. Do you require counsel ?

Mr. Constantineau, No, sir,

Mr, Appell, Mr, Constantineau, the subpena served upon you called
for you to produce documents described in two sections which were
made a part of the subpena. One is :

All books, records, documeuts, correspondence, and memoranda relating to
the organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible Em-
pire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as
the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan and affiliated
organizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service, New Hanover Improvement
Association, New Hanover Improvement League, Realm (state) of North Caro-
lina, in your possession, custody or control, or maintained by you or available to
you as a member or officer of New Hanover Improvement Association, New
Hanover Improvement League, Realm (state) of North Carolina, of the Invisible
Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known
as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

Do you have any of these documents in your possession and are you
now prepared to submit them in accordance with the terms of the
subpena ?

Mr. CoNTANTiNEAu. I do Hot liave any in my possession as I have
never had any in my possession,

Mr. Appell. Part 2 of the subpena calls for :

All books, records, registers, accounts, papers and correspondence of the
Beacon Gun Works (an luiincorporated business in Wilmington. North Carolina,
of which you are owner or co-owner) , in your possession, custody, or control, in-
cluding but not limited to such records as are required to be maintained in accord-
ance with the Federal Firearms Act, relating to the purchase and sale of firearms
and ammunition, both in local or intra-state commerce and in interstate or for-
eign commerce, for the period from August 1962 to date.

Mr. Chairman, before asking for a production of the documents

The Chairman. And you say those are documents required to be
maintained by him ? Say that again.

Mr. Appell. Required to be maintained in accordance with the Fed-
eral Firearms Act relating to the purchase and sale of firearms and
ammunition.

Prior to making a demand for the production, Mr. Chairman, Mr.
Constantineau brought with him all books, records, et cetera, not know-
ing specifically the interest of the committee. I advised Mr. Constan-
tineau that we are interested in the records of the sale of guns because
under the regulations the sale of ammunition can be invoiced only

1916 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

to cash, where the purchase of guns and others must be registered in
the name of the individual purchasing.

Therefore, I asked Mr. Constantineau to produce only those docu-
ments which relate to the sale of firearms.

Are you prepared to produce those documents, Mr. Constantineau ?

Mr. Constantineau. I am.

The Chairman. Let the record show that the witness has handed
to Mr. Appell a bound book, a volume.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to state for the record that
after copies of these records can be made, that the originals of these
records shall be returned to Mr. Constantineau.

The Chairman. As an illustration of the pamplilets within that vol-
ume, I refer to the first one, which apparently is in compliance with
regulations of the Government. It is entitled "Firearms Record
From" this one reads "8-25-62 to" ; this one reads "5-6-63, 121 Entries.
Dealer's name: Beacon Gun Works; address, 5811 Oleander Drive;
city, Wilmington ; State, North Carolina" for North Carolina.

"License number 56-2776, issued" blank; "expires" with the word
"renewable" and at the bottom in print "Courtesy of Remington Arms
Company, Inc., sales promotion, Bridgeport, 2, Connecticut."

(Documents marked "Richard Constantineau Exhibit No. 1" and
retained in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr, Constantineau, I hand you a certified copy of a
document obtained from the secretary of state's office of the State of
North Carolina which is certified to be true copies of the articles of
incorporation of the New Hanover County Improvement Association,
Inc.

I hand you this document and ask you if you have ever heard of the
organization ?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

(Document marked "Richard Constantineau Exhibit No. 2." Tliis
exhibit will be reproduced in a forth coming report on Ku Klux Klan
organizations.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Constantineau, have you ever been a member of the
United Klans of America ?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes.

Mr. Appell. When did you join the United Klans of America ?

Mr. Constantineau. The date is not clear. It was either late
April or early May of 1964.

Mr. Appell. How did you happen to become interested in joining?
What process did you follow in order to become a member of the
United Klans of America ?

Mr. Constantineau. I received some literature and an application
blank which I filled out and returned to the address indicated.

Mr. Appell. And after returning it, what advice did you receive
from the Klan ?

Mr. Constantineau. I was told when and wliere to go.

Mr, Appell. And where were you told you should go? Or just
where. You earlier stated you could not remember when .

Mr. Constantineau. It was a room over a theater on Second Street.

Mr. Appell. Do you possess knowledge as to the long-term lessee of
the premises?

Mr. Constantineau. No, sir; I have no knowledge of that.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1917

Mr. ArPELi.. I hand you, but not in the form that it is handed out,
a series of oatlis (Robert Shelton Exhibit No. 4) and asked you if in
review of these, these appear to be a series of oaths Avhich you took at
the time you became a member of the Klan ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEx\u. It is similar. I cannot truthfully say it is
word for word because I cannot remember that far back.

The Chairman. But in substance that is the form of the oaths ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. When you arrived at this building which you were in-
vited to attend in response to your application or interest in applica-
tion, were you then and there explamed what the Klan stood for as
far as attempting to interest you in a formal membership ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAu. Ycs, sir.

Mr, Appell. Do you know the identity of the man who gave you the
lecture on the Klan prior to the administering of any oaths?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Did I know him before the oath ?

Mr. Appell. Do you know the identity of the man

The Chairman. Did you know before ?

Mr. Appell. — the man who gave you the lecture before you took
any of the oaths ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. I did not know him before I took the oath, no.

The Chairman. Did you learn who he was afterwards ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. You now know his identity ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. "VYlio is he ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. The man that gave the oath I don't know.

Mr. Appell. The man who lectured to you on the principles of the
Klan?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Mr. Chadwick, Warren Chadwick.

Mr. Appell. Is that Warren J. Chadwick ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. I don't know his middle initial.

Mr. Appell. Were you at that time after the purposes of the Klan
were explained to you given a formal application ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. This is not a reproduction of that formal application
in the size, but can you look at this and tell us whether this is similar
to the application that you signed ?

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. This is not the same. The one I signed was
postcard size.

Mr. Appell. I am sorry, I didn't hear you.

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. I Said this is not the same. The one I signed
was about the size of a postcard.

The Chairman. He did say it was not the same size, he indicated
that. It was not the same size. You say the one you looked at, or the
one exhibited to you was in card form. But the point is, is this in the
form?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. It is similar. I don't remember exactly what
it looked like.

(Document marked "Richard Const antineau Exhibit No. 3" and
retained in committee files.)

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1 26

1918 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. But other than the card which you signed which you
had received in the mail and forwarded in, you were not given a for-
mal application of this format to sign ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAu. No, sir.

Mr. Appell. After you agreed to become a member, were you then
administered this series of oaths ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAu. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. In the administering of this series of oaths, were cer-
tain sections, such as the oath of allegiance, Section I, Obedience;
Section II, Secrecy ; and Section III, Fidelity, read to you, and sub-
scribed to by you, before you were taken into what we shall call, for
the want of a better term, the inner chambers of the Klavern ?

Mr. CONSTANTINEAU. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. And the section of oaths which deals with the Klan-
ishness, they were administered to you as a part of the ceremony within
the Klavern chamber itself ?

Mr. CONSTANTINEAU. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Did the Klavern to which you were assigned meet
normally in the same building where you presented yourself on the
first night as a candidate for membership ?

Mr. CONSTANTINEAU. Ycs, sir ; normally they met there.

Mr. Appell. Wasn't this some kind of a labor hall ?

Mr. CONSTANTINEAU. I heard later that it was a union hall. I had
never been there before that night.

Mr. Appell. But later you knew that it was a hall used by one of
the local labor unions ?

Mr. CONSTANTINEAU. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Let me ask you this question.

Let me see the lease. You exhibited to him a lease and he said
something about he wasn't familiar with it. You said something
about a long-term lease. Didn't you question him about a long-term
lease? I thought you had.

What I wanted you to establish, if you had, is that it was my im-
pression you mentioned the words "long-tenii lease," and he said he
didn't know anything about the lease. That is my impression.

I want to ask him, though, not knowing anything about the lease,
if that is the case, would the lease be at the same address that he at-
tended meetings at?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, if I might correct the record, I used
the reference to a lease in order to try to establish from the witness
at that time that the i>remises used were in fact those of a labor
union organization.

The Chairman. I am now catching on to that.

Mr. Appell. And I do not have the lease.

The Chairman. You don't ?

Mr. Appell. No, sir.

The Chairman. I am wondering if the address given of the leased
premises is the place where he attended meetings. Is that true? Is
that your understanding?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. In other words, the lease did cover the union hall,
as you say.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 19 1 9

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. And that is the place he now says lie did attend
meetings at.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Did the Klan or Klavern to which you were assigned
carry a designation otlier than Knights of the Ku Khix Klan?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. And what cover or what designation did it have other
than Knights of the Ku Klux Klan?

Mr. Constantineau. New Hanover Improvement Association.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Constantineau, before we leave the place of the
meeting, the labor hall, did the Klavern move its place of meeting
from there to some other location?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. And where did it move its meeting place to?

Mr. Constantineau. To a motel, a motel meeting room.

Mr. Appell. And was this the Elberta Motel in Wilmington?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. The committee's investigation establishes that the rea-
son for the moving was that when the trade union body found that
this was in fact a Klan group that was meeting there under the name
of the New Hanover County Improvement Association, that they re-
fused to permit the group to continue to use its facilities.

Do you know that this was the reason why they moved from that
point to the Elberta Motel?

Mr. Constantineau. No, sir; I do not know the reason for the
move.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Constantineau, in the articles of incorporation
which I show you for the New Hanover County Improvement Asso-
ciation, Inc., the registered agent of the corporation is listed as James
H. McLamb.

Did you know McLamb to be a member of the Klan and a member
of the New Hanover Comity Improvement Association ?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. The incorporation says that the name and addresses of
persons who are to serve as initial directors are, and the first name
listed is Warren Chadwick, 212 North Channel Drive, Wrightsville
Beach, North Carolina.

Is this the same Warren Chadwick to whom you referred as lectur-
ing you on the advantages of the Klan prior to your taking your first
series of oaths ?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. The other officer is James H. McLamb, 3850 Peach-
tree Avenue, Wilmington, North Carolina, and this is the same gentle-
man who was designated as the agent of the corporation and whom
you have identified as a person you knew ?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. The third name is Carey Strickland, 232 Lake Forest
Parkway, Wilmmgton, North Carolina.

Did you likewise know Carey Strickland ?

Mr. Constantineau. No, sir; I do not know Carey Strickland.

1920 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Constantineau, at the time you joined the United
Klans of America and were assigned to its Klavern which used the
name of the New Hanover County Improvement Association, what
was the initiation fee which you paid ?

Mr. Constantineau. I believe, though I am not sure, it was $10.00.

Mr. Appell. Do you possess any knowledge of the distribution of
that $10.00 once you turned it over to someone?

Mr. Constantineau. No, sir ; I do not.

Mr. Appell. Do you recall to whom you turned over the $10.00 ?

Mr. Constantineau. Mr. Chadwick.

Mr. Appell. To Mr. Chadwick.

Within your particular Klavern, that known as the New Hanover
County Improvement Association, what was your rate of dues?

Mr. Constantineau. It was either 50 cents or $1.00 a month. I
can't remember that far back. I paid 6 months in advance, anyway.

Mr. Appell. After becoming a formal member of this Klan Klav-
ern, were you required to purchase a robe ?

Mr. Constantineau. It was not required.

Mr. Appell. Did you purchase a robe ?

Mr. Constantine^vu. Yes, I did.

Mr. Appell. From whom did you purchase your robe ?

Mr. Constantineau. I purchased it from Mr. Chadwick. It was
ordered somehow.

Mr. Appell. And how much did you pay for the robe ?

Mr. Constantineau. I believe it was $10.00.

Mr. Appell. Did you have a satin robe or a broadcloth robe ?

Mr. Constantineau. A satin robe.

Mr. Appell. At $10.00?

Mr. Constantineau. I believe that is correct.

Mr. Appell. Not $15.00?

Mr. Constantineau. I believe it was $10.00.

Mr. Appell. After you became a member of this Klan gi'oup, how
active were you as a member ?

Mr. Constantineau. I attended approximately one meeting month-
ly, and during the course of my membership I attended approximately
8 or maybe 10 rallies.

Mr. Appell. And when did you terminate your membership?

Mr. Constantineau. In the latter part of August 1964.

Mr. Appell. During the course of your membership, did you ever
attend any State meetings ?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Did you attend any State meetings at which elections of
officers w^ere held ?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Were you elected to any State office ?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. To what State office were you elected ?

Mr. Constantineau. State klokann.

Mr. Appell. And what advice did you receive as to the duties and
responsibilities of the State klokann ?

Mr. Constantineau. I was to investigate new applications for mem-
bership and clear them for entry into the organization.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1921

Mr. Appell. Can you recall the identity of any other man elected at
that same election for any office within the State of North Carolina ?

Mr. Constantineau. Mr. Red Biddle, I believe, was elected. I
don't know what office he was elected to. And Mr. Hamby, I believe,
was elected night-hawk.

Mr. Appell. This is Mr. Boyd Hamby ?

Mr. Constantineau, Yes, sir. The others I do not know.

Mr. Appell. You say that you were unfamiliar with the organiza-
tion so that you do not know the identity of the other people elected
at that time?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Within the Realm of North Carolina, there are titans
which, according to the Constitution and Laws, have the overriding
jurisdiction within j)rovinces or which conform to congressional
districts.

Do you know the identity of the titan in the district to which the
Wilmington Klavern was a part?

Mr. Constantineau. No, sir ; I do not.

The Chairman. Have you asked him when and where the State
meeting was ?

Mr. Appell. I failed to.

Wlien and where was that State meeting ?

Mr. Constantineau. It was on the outskirts of Salisbury. I don't
know the exact location. It is the first time I had ever been there. I
don't know the exact date. It was in August 1964.

Mr. Appell. How long did you carry out the functions as a mem-
ber of the State klokann committee ?

Mr. Constantineau. I resigned the following week.

The Chairman. The f ollowmg week ? The week following what ?

Mr. Appell. The State meeting, sir.

The Chairman. Does he know when he resigned? Try to estab-
lish the date.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

Prior to your resignation, who do you recall as having held offices
within the unit of the Klan to which you were assigned known as the
New Hanover County Improvement Association ?

IVIr. Constantineau. Mr. McLamb and Mr. Biddle were the only
two I knew that held any office.

Mr. Appell. Did Mr. Warren Chadwick hold any office at that
period of time ?

Mr. Constantineau. I heard that he did, but I don't know what it
was other than being a local leader.

The Chairman. A local what ?

Mr. Constantineau. The head of the local unit.

Mr. Appell. Do you recall the identify of any other membei-s of the
Klavern to which you were assigned ?

Mr. Constantineau. Mr. Chadwick, Mr. Biddle, Mr. McLamb are
the only ones that I can remember the names of.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Constantineau, W. J. Chadwick, to whom you re-
ferred, made a complaint at the sheriff's office that he had purchased a
tear gas gun from Milton Finkelstein Music Company. Had you also
been charged with the sale of Penguin type tear gas kits ?

1922 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. C0NSTANTIXE.VU. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. "Wliat knowledge did you possess at that time with
respect to the illegality of the sale of such weapons ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. I had no knowledge whatsoever that they were
illegal. They were being sold throughout the State.

Mr. Appell. Did Warren Chadwick make the complaint against the
store that I mentioned following your arrest because no action had
been taken against them ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. I believe that is correct.

Mr. Appell. Do you know that this was a discussion within the
Klan, yourself and others, that this is what he should properly do?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. No, sir; I did not know anything about that
until after he had done it.

Mr. Appell. Wliat understanding did you later obtain ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. He just told me that he had bought one and
turned it over to the sheriff's department.

Mr. Appell. You stated that you attended the State meeting in
July or August

The Chairman. He said he attended a meeting about a week before
he resigned.

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. It was the last week in August.

The Chairman. It was what ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. The last week in August 1964.

The Chairman. And you resigned when ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. The week following that State meeting.

Mr. Appell. So that puts your resignation somewhere around the
1st of September?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Of last year; yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir; of 1964.

"VVliy did you resign from the Klan ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. My wife was in very bad health and my busi-
ness— I Avas neglecting my business, so to speak, so I felt that I had
better stay with my business. My wife was on the verge of a nervous
breakdown. That was my reasons for resigning.

Mr. Appell. Your wife's condition had some relationship to your
membership ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Yes, sir. She was worried of my activities.

Mr. Appell. Would you, having been in the Klan and out of the
Klan, again sign a Klan membership card ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. I dou't believe I would at the present time.

Mr. Appell. Do you care to state any reasons for this?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Well, I don't think that they have a program
that satisfies me.

The Chairman. Do you care to say what you mean by that?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Well, what I mean by that is I don't see where
they have anything lined up. I don't know how to express what I
mean.

The Chairman. Were you familiar with how the fmids were
handled? Did that have anything to do with your dissatisfaction,
or an important thing to do with your dissatisfaction ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. No, sir; tnat had nothing to do with it, and
I don't know what the funds were used for, or dues, whatever you
call them.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1923

Mr. Appell. Witliiii the Xew Hanover County area, there were,
over a period of time, during the time of your membership, crosses
burned, either at the New Hanover County Courthouse and other
places.

Do you possess any knowledge of this?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. No, sir ; I do not.

Mr. Appell. Did you ever participate in any act of violence as a
member of the Klan?

Mr. C0NSTANTINE.VU. No, sir; I did not.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the staff has no further questions of the
witness.

The Chairman. Mr. Constantineau, we appreciate your appearance,
as we will have any others who want to cooperate with this committee
to testify to individual, firsthand knowledge. This is the first time I
knew the substance of what you were to testify to. The investigator
interviewed you, and I am sure that, as usual, lie questioned you very
carefully as to your testimony, the extent of it. We do appreciate
your appearance very much.

Mr. Constantineau. Thank you.

The Chairman. Mr. Weltner.

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Constantineau, would you kindly examine the
documents that you have submitted today in response to the subpena ?

I would like to question you about a couple of entries in there.

On the folder that refers to the date of June 13, 1964, which, as
I understand, is 2 or 3 months after you became a member of the
Wilmington Klan, there is an entry for W. J. Chadwick purchasing a
.38 caliber S & W revolver.

I take it that is a Smith & Wesson revolver.

Mr. Constantineau. Yes.

Mr. Weltner. Is that the W. J. Chadwick you referred to as the
exalted cyclops of the Klavern of which you were a member?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Weltner. Then if you would follow on to September 17, 1964,
which, as I understand, is maybe 2 or 3 weeks following your resigna-
tion from the Klan, there is another entry that a W. J. Chadwick
purchased a .32 caliber S & W revolver, which I take to be a Smith &
Wesson revolver. Is that the same W. J. Chadwick?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Weltner. Are there any other entries in there to persons whom
you know to be members of the Klan ?

Mr. Constantineau. Mr. Biddle and Mr. McLamb.

Mr. Weltner. And I believe you testified that those are the only
three persons whom you recall to have been members during the time
that you were a member ?

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Constantineau, you began that record on the 25th
day of August 1962.

Mr. Constantineau. Yes, sir.

Mr. Weltner. And there are 11 books there. The last one is not
yet completed, it having some blank space in it. I note there are about
120 entries in each one of those volumes. I would like to point out
this brief analysis and ask for your comment on it, whatever relevance
you think it might have.

1924 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

The first volume runs from August 25, 1962, to May 6, 1963, a period
of a little less than 9 months, with about 121 entries m it.

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Ycs, sir.

Mr. Weltner. Entries meaning sales of guns, with a few exceptions,
I note, where you purchased a firearm.

The second volume runs from May 6, 1963, to October 14, 1963, about
5 months. The third volume runs from October 15, 1963, to Decem-
ber 27, 1963, a little over 2 months. The fourth vohime nms from
March 11, 1964, to July 1, 1964, about 4 months.

It was during this period of time that you became a member of the
Klan.

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Yes, sir.

Mr. Weltner. The fifth volume of about 120 entries runs from
July 1, 1964, to August 22, 1964, 1 month. The sixth volume runs from
August 22, 1964, to September 23, 1964, and that also is just about
1 month.

Then it was in this period that you resigned as a member of the Klan.
Am I correct ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Yes, sir.

Mr. Weltner. Then the following volume runs from September 23,
1964, to December 1, 1964, a little less than 2 to 3 months ; the next
volume from December 1, 1964, to April 17, 1965, 4 months; the next
volume from April 17, 1965, to August 28, 1965, about 4 months ; and
then the following one, which is not yet completed, August 28, 1965, to
the present.

It seems to me like during that period of time in which you were a
member of the Klan there was a marked increase in the sale of firearms.
I am wondering if I am correct in my interpretation of the chronology
here and whether or not your membership in the Ku Klux Klan had
any reference to or relation to the volume of your business as a dealer
in firearms.

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. That is possible. In the gim business it usually
is that business starts increasing about July and carries on through to
about mid-September and then tapers off until the following year.

Mr. Weltner. So there is a seasonal upswing in sales at any rate ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. Yes, sir.

Mr. Weltner. Whether or not there is any specific connection with
any organization ?

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. That is correct.

Mr. Weltner. Thank you, Mr. Constantineau.

The Chairman. Mr. Constantineau, thanks again for your appear-
ance. You are discharged.

In other words, you have satisfied the terms of your subpena.

I am sorry.

Let me say that we appreciate your response to the subpena. As I
indicated yesterday, though vou may not have been in the hearing
room, there is Federal law which states that if a witness appears be-
fore a court, grand jury, petit jury, or a committee of the Congress, he
is entitled to protection.

If anybody threatens him, coerces him, molests him, or does any-
thing to him, that person may be punished. It is a criminal offense.

I am going to continue this subpena; we may require your re-
attendance upon further inquiry into your activities in this.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1925

If anyone, and I don't care who lie is, in liigli place, middle place,
location — anyone — should, because of your appearance here, do any-
thing to you, threaten you, or your family, I invite you to let me know.

Mr. CoNSTANTiNEAU. All right, sir.

The Chairma^t. We are not going to stand for that.

Therefore, the witness is continued under subpena until January
2, 1966.

The committee will stand in recess until 2 :15.

( Subcommittee members present at time of recess : Representatives
Willis, Weltner, and Buchanan.)

(Wliereupon, at 12:25 p.m., Monday, October 25, 1965, the subcom-
mittee recessed, to reconvene at 2 :15 p.m. the same day.

AFTERNOON SESSION— MONDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1%5

(The subcommittee reconvened at 2 :25 p.m., Hon. Edwin E. Willis,
chairman, presiding.)

(Subcommittee members present: Representatives Willis, Pool, and
Weltner.)

The Chairman. The subcommittee will please come to order.

Mr. Appell, call your first witness for this afternoon,

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call Fred L. Wilson.

The Chairman. Please raise your right hand, Mr. Wilson.

Do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give will
be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth, so help you
God?

Did you answer ?

Mr. Wilson. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Proceed.

TESTIMONY OF FEED L. WILSON, ACCOMPANIED BY COUNSEL,

LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. State your name for the record.

Mr. Wilson. Fred L. Wilson.

Mr. Appell. Are you here today in accordance with a subpena
served upon you at 10:30 o'clock a.m. on the lltli day of October 1965
by a deputy United States marshal ?

Mr. Wilson. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Wilson. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Will counsel please idenify himself for the record ?

Mr. Chalmers. I am Lester V. Chalmers, Jr., attorney at law. Room
501, First Federal Building, Raleigh, North Carolina.

(At this point Mr. Buchanan entered the hearing room.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, will you state for the record when and
where you were born ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. I direct you to answer that question.

Mr. AViLSON. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in

1926 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

violation of my rights as guaranteed to nie by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Pool. Were you bom outside the United States ?

('Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Pool. I can't see where American citizenship would incriminate
you in any way.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Pool. That is, unless you were born outside the United States.
That might have some bearing on it.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that you were born on April 27, 1898, in Kowan
County, North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, do you operate a business in Salisbury,
North Carolina, known as the Council Street Market?

Mr. Wii/SON. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, under the terms of the subpena served
upon you, you were demanded to bring with you and to produce before
the committee certain items called for in an attacliment to the subpena,
which was made a part of the subpena. Part 1 reads :

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda relating to
the organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible
Empire, United Klans. Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also
known as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and
aflSliated organizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service, Realm (state) of
North Carolina, and Rowan Sportsmen's Club in your possession, custody or
control, or maintained by you or available to you as Grand Klabee (Treasurer)
Realm (state) of North Carolina, and Klabee (Treasurer) Rowan Sportmen's
Club, of the Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of
America, Inc., also known as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the
Ku Klux Klan.

I demand that you produce the records called for in part 1 of
your subpena.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records requested by this subpena under subpena dated Octo-
ber 11, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to the
subject under investigation and the same will not aid the Congress in
the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is such inquiry
within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by Rule XI of
the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolution 8, adopted
January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in its subpena dated

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1927

October 11, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the
same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guar-
anteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the
United States of America.

The Chairman. Mr. Chalmers, as we have all along, let's say it is
agreed, I take it, that we hereby enter into the following stipulations:
(1) That the witness has been furnished a copy of the chairman's
opening statement of October 19, 1965, and that he is familiar with its
contents; (2) that the directions of the subpena to produce the docu-
ments called for are made to the witness in the official representative
capacity described in the subpena.

Is that understood ?

Mr. Chakmers. It is so stipulated, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. I therefore order and direct you, Mr. Wilson, to
produce the documents called for by the subpena duces tecum just
described.

Mr. WiLSox. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 11, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane
to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the
Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule XI of the rules adopted by the 89tli Congress, by House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

The Chairman. And I take it, Mr. ChalmerSj so that there won't
be any question about it on your part, or on my part, that wherever
in the past stipulations identical to this or in substance like this, mean-
ing the same, wherever you refer to Rule IV you mean what'^

Mr. Chalmers. Rule XL

Tlie Chairman. Wherever you refer to what ?

Mr. Chaliviers. Wherever I referred to Rule IV previously, it was
Rule XL

Thank you, sir.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all documents and records as demanded by this committee in the
subpena dated October 11, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel
that to do so, the same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my
rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Consti-
tution of the United States of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, under part 2 of the subpena, you are
ordered to bring with you and to produce :

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda in your
possession, custody or control, or maintained by or available to you, in your
capacity as Grand Klabee (Treasurer) Realm (state) of North Carolina, and
Klabee (Treasurer) Rowan Sportmen's Club of the United Klans of America,
Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, which the "Constitution and Laws" of said
organization authorize and require to be maintained by you and any oflScer of
said organization, the same being in your possession, custody or control.

I now ask that you produce those documents.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to deliver the committee any
and all records requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 11, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane
to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the

1928 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such inquiry witliin the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Kule XI of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Kesolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committe any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in the subpena dated
October 11, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the
same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guar-
anteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the
United States of America.

The Chairman. Mr. Chalmers, without the necessity of repetition,
it is agreed that the same stipulation in two parts we just entered
into would apply to this paragraph of the subpena ?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. Mr. Wilson, I therefore order and direct you to
produce those documents.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 11, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane
to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the
Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor
is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule XI of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Reso-
lution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

Mr. Pool. Mr. Wilson

Mr. Chalmers. He has not completed his answer.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all documents and records as demanded by the committee in the
subpena dated October 11, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel
that to do so, the same might tend to incriminate me in violation of
my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the
Constitution of the United States of America.

Mr. Pool. Mr. Wilson, as you have heard previously, your counsel
and our chairman have set up stipulations that show we are in dis-
agreement as to whether or not you should bring these documents
and produce them to this committee.

I want to tell you, as a member of this committee, speaking only
for myself, that your action by refusing to produce these documents
here under a valid subpena, and under that I consider the case law
in our favor, that I am going to vote in committee to cite you for con-
tempt of Congress. I am speaking for myself. I don't know what
the rest of the committee will do. But that is the wav I feel about
it.

You can go ahead and answer if you want to or say anything
you want to right now. But that is what you are up against. That
is a statement. I did not ask for an answer. If you want to answer,
I will be glad to hear it. But this is dead serious business and I am
trying to be fair with you by stating it that way.

The other day I read some case law to one of the other witnesses.
Your lawyer disagrees with the effect of that decision. But in my
mind I am convinced that it applies to you and it applies to your
action here today in refusing to bring these records in here to this

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1929

committee and let the people of America as well as Congress know
what is in those records.

I think the Congress has a right to know it. I think you are in
contempt of Congress if you do not produce them. I am telling you
I am trying to be fair to you.

The Chairman. All right, Mr. Appell.

Mr. Appell. Under part 3 of your subpena, Mr. Wilson, you were
ordered to bring with you and to produce :

Copies of U.S. Treasury Department, Internal Revenue Service, Form
1040 [whicli is titled], "U.S. Individual Tax Return," for the calendar years
1958 through 1964, filed by you as an individual taxpayer with the U.S. Treasury
Department, Internal Revenue Service.

I ask that you produce these documents.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee
any and all records as requested by this committee under subpena
dated October 11, 1965, for that information is not relevant and ger-
mane to the subject under investigation and the same would not aid
Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor
is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated
by Rule XI of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House
Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments and records as demanded by the committee in its subpena dated
October 11, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so,
the same might tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as
guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution
of the United States of America.

The Chairman. Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, the committee made certain inquiries of
the U.S. Treasury Department with respect to application by one
Fred Lee Wilson, of Salisbury, North Carolina, for the purchase of
wagering tax stamps. The Treasurj' Department advised the com-
mittee that their records show that Fred Lee Wilson purchased stamps
for the fiscal years ended June 30, 1964, and June 30, 1965.

Is that infonnation factual?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question for
the reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate
me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5,
1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, were you ever convicted for violating
North Carolina lottery laws?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that on June 27, 1960, you were convicted for
violating the lottery laws in the sale and distribution of tip boards;
that you were sentenced to 6 months in the Rowan County Jail, which
sentence was suspended upon the payment of a $200 fiiie, and that
you be on your good behavior and not violate lottery laws of North
Carolina for 2 years.

I ask you to affirm or deny the fact as I have read it to you.

1930 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Wait a moment, unless this question be misunder-
stood.

Is it not a fact, Mr. Wilson, that according to the tenets of the
Klans which, in the open, they proclaim, they are against gambling,
drinking, and the like ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the gromids previously stated.

Tlie Chairivian. This is a chance to speak out, Mr. Wilson, be-
cause this involves your veracity under oath. I am not directing you
to answer. I am describing at least two grounds of pertinency in
the question.

Proceed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, Investigator McConnon, of our staff, in
reporting an interview with Mr. Arthur C. Leonard, reported that
Mr. Arthur C. Leonard advised him that you were the State treasurer
as of October 12, 1965.

Is this information reported by the investigatory staff factual?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, I hand you a signature card drawn on
the Wachovia Bank and Trust Company, Salisbury, North Carolina,
dated May 13, 1965, in the name of the United Klans of America, Inc..
containing three signatures with the notation "2 sig's required," the
three names being James R. Jones, Donald E. Leazer, and Fred L.
Wilson, care of James R. Jones, mail address : P.O. Box 321, Granite
Quarry, North Carolina.

In handing you this I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that this is the official signature card cover-
ing a United Klans of America bank account at the Wachovia Bank
and Trust Company, Salisbury, North Carolina.

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the gromids previously stated.

(Document previously marked "Donald Leazer Exhibit No. 3." See
p. 1894.)

Mr. Pool. Are you through with this trying to establish the fact
he is treasurer ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

Mr. Pool. Mr. Wilson, did you file income tax returns for your-
self individually or in your representative capacity as treasurer of
this Klavern? No, you were grand klabee of the Realm of North
Carolina, UKA. Did you file income tax returns for that organi-
zation ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Pool. Did you file individual income tax returns?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer tliat question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, the bank account to which we are refer-
ring shows that starting with the deposit of May 13, 1965, and con-

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1931

eluding witli the deposit of September 19, 1965, there was deposited
to this account in tne form of cash

The Chairman. Ajid the account is in the name of what?

Mr. Appell. The United Klans of America, Inc., care of James R.
Jones.

— there was deposited to this account in the form of coins and cur-
rency $15,404.45. There was deposited to this account in the form of
checks $1,498.92, making a total deposit of $16,903.37.

Would you tell the committee the source from which these funds
were derived?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

(Bank records previously marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-A.")

The Chairman. You have been questioned and it has been estab-
lished that you were the treasurer, the man handling the money for
the Realm of North Carolina. I ask you this question: Did you
deposit to this account or any other bank account all the funds handled
by you in connection with the activities of the United Klans of Amer-
ica, Realm of North Carolina?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, I hand you an envelope containing 12
checks of $150 each for a total of $1,800, made payable to Donald E.
Tveazer, who Mr. Leonard identified as being the realm secretary.

The Chairman. I don't think he identified him.

Mr. Appell. To our investigator.

I ask you if these checks were countersigned by you as payment
to Mr. Leazer of a salary from the Realm of North Carolina.

The Chairman. And those checks are weekly checks or monthly
checks ?

Mr. Appell. Approximately weekly, Mr. Chairman. I can read
the exact dates of them if you want me to.

Mr. Pool. The will be going into the record anyway.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Checks previously marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-F." See
p. 1721.)

Mr. Appell. I show you a series of checks drawn on the United
Klans of America, Wachovia Bank and Trust, made payable to M. R.
Kornegay. These checks are July 5, July 10, July 16, July 23,
August 1, August 6, August 14, and August 20.

The Chairman. 1965 ?

Mr. Appell. 1965.

And all of these checks are countersigned James R. Jones and Donald
E. Leazer, except the last one of August 20, 1965, countersigned James
R. Jones and Fred L. Wilson.

Were those checks issued in payment to Mr. Leazer as a paid em-
ployee of the United Klans of America — I mean to Mr. Kornegay ?

(Documents handed to witness.)

Mr. Wilson. I decline to answer that question based on the grounds
previously stated.

1932 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Checks previously marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-E." See
p. 1721.)

The Chairman. Is that the same Kornegay who appeared liero last
week ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

Mr. Pool. What is the amount ?

Mr. Appell. Eight checks at $150 each, for a total of $1,200.

The Chairman. Let the reporter note a thing which I have repeated
from time to time, that all documents exhibited to and discussed with
this witness, as well as others this morning, w411 be received in evidence
at the respective points where they were exhibited or discussed.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, I note that in reviewing checks payable
to Mr. Kornegay, that I have exhibited to you, and checks payable
to Donald E. Leazer, that there are seven checks in the amount of
$150 each and one in the amount of $100, payable to George Dorsett.
There are 16 checks of $150, totaling $2,400

The Chairman. For what period ? That is, from the first to the last.

Mr. Appell. The earliest m the case of Grady Mars, who received
16 checks, the first check was June 4, and the last was September 17
(James Jones Exhibit No. 7-D, p. 1720). In the case of George
Dorsett, the first check was 7-23-65 and the last was 9-17 (James
Jones Exhibit No. 7-B, p. 1720). In the case of Donald Leazer, the
first check was July 2 and the last was September 17 (James Jones
Exhibit No. 7-F, p. 1721). In the case of Kornegay (James Jones
Exhibit No. 7-F, p. 1721), who, Mr. Chairman, the record discloses
became Grand Dragon for the Reahn of Virginia, it was July 5
through August 20, all of the year 1965.

I notice in reviewing these checks, Mr. Wilson, that some are signed
by you as the comaker on the bottom line ; some on the top line. Do you
sign checks in blank and turn them over to Mr. Jones?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Mr. Wilson, without implying that it would violate
your charter and bylaws as to which I am uninformed, I ask you this
question: Are the officials, including yourself, of tlie United Klans of
America, appearing before this committee, receiving expenses for
your attendance here, as distinguished from the others who have not
as high a title in the organization ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, the committee's investigation established
that in December 1958, or early Januaiy 1959, that you were expelled
from the Salisbury Klavern for the nonpayment of dues. Is this in-
formation factual, sir?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell, Mr. Wilson, I hand you a form of membei-ship card
used by the U.S. Klans. I ask you if you held a membership card
similar to that while you were a member?

(Witness confers with counsel.)

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
on the grounds previously stated.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1933

(Document marked "'Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 1" follows :)

Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 1

Mr. Appell. The committee's investigation determined that even
back in the days of the U.S. Klans a man's membership card and a
man was known within his Klavern by a number and by a name, and
that within the Kealm of North Carolina under the U.S. Klans the
number assigned to a Klan member was a 200-series dash, and then a
third set of numerals. I ask you if your number vras 200-001 ?

Mr. "Wilson". I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I ask you if the card that you now carry as a mem-
ber of the United Klans of America, distinguished from an officer of
the realm, is identical to this card except adapted to apply to the
United Klans of America rather than the U.S. Klans.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the gi-ounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Do you still carry the number 1 ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Is it not a fact, Mr. Wilson, that when Mr. Shelton
and his group formed the United Klans of America and broke away
from the U.S. Klans, that there was quite some competition for the old
membership of the U.S. Klans, and at the prodding or persuasion of
Mr. Shelton and his entourage, a great number, including yourself , be-
longing to the old organization, then shifted to tlie bhelton orga-
nization ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Pool. Mr. Wilson, I have been sitting here watching your ap-
pearance. You impress me as a man who is not afraid to say anything.
I want to ask you this : Have you been threatened in any manner about
your testimony here before this committee today?

59-222 O — 67 — pt. 1-

-27

1934 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE TJ.S.

Mr. WiLsox. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Pool. This is your chance, if that has happened to you, this
would be your chance to lay it on the line. The committee would take
appropriate action to see to it that these threats would not be carried
out. I am just trying to give you a chance. That has been the impres-
sion you have given me since you sat down at the table there.

Mr. Appell. Mr. "Wilson, were you again this year elected to the
position of klabee or treasurer of the Realm of North Carolina, United
Klans of America ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I hand you a franchise tax report filed with the State
of North Carolina, signed by James R. Jones, Grand Dragon, North
Carolina, dated July 20, 1965. I ask you if you are the F. L. Wilson,
Salisbury, North Carolina, listed by Mr. Jones as the organization's
treasurer.

Mr. WiLsox. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Document previously marked "Donald Leazer Exhibit No. 1.'* See
pp. 1891, 1982.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones sets forth in this document that the officers of
the Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan
of America, Inc., in North Carolina, having a Post Office Box of 321,
Granite Quarry, were himself as president, with an address at Granite
Quarry, North Carolina; G. B. Mars, wdth an address of Warrenton,
North Carolina, vice president ; with D. E. Leazer, of Salisbury, North
Carolina, as secretary ; and F. L. Wilson, Salisbury, North Carolina, as
treasurer,

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that
these are are current officers of the Realm of North Carolina.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer tliat question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, the committee's investigation established
that during the month of February and in the month of September
1964 the United Klans of America, imder the cover name of Alabama
Rescue Service, held two klonvokations or conventions at the Dinkler-
Tutwiler Hotel in Birmingham, Alabama.

I hand you copies of two registration cards, one of February 8,
signed Fred L. Wilson, 610 Little, Salisbury, one of September 2,
1964, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Wilson, 610 Little, Sali^ury, North Carolina.

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact,
that these are true copies of your signature as applied to the registra-
tion card when you registered at the Dinkler-Tutwiler Hotel in Bir-
mingham, Alabama, on the dates indicated.

Mr. AViLsoN. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Documents marked "Fred Wilson Exhibits Nos. 2-A and 2-B," re-
spective, follow : )

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1935

Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 2-A

H-lf f/« 8#H68Y N C

laetc YOUR ■XSOaoc or scnd samc to your room: otherwise thk hotel company will
U3^ not be responsible for loss

^Dinkler-Tutwiler

■a-

■MRSCnON

<M DINKLER HOTEL CORPORATION

"OispvNanci OP Thus Soutmciim HoaprrAuxv

ISUS*Ti AM MEMSSY NOTIPICD THAT THE COMPANY WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE POR VALUABLES. MONEY
JmnUtV^JBLOTHINO ETC. UNLESS THE SAME ARE DEPOSITEO IN SAPS

^^^f^,^^^^yn^.^^^^a^^^-

Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 2-B
123a ML80N FRCD L 7-26 47923

H 47923

r-BA2//8 8M.t8tURr N C

■ex vouN BAaoAOE on send same to your room: otherwise the hotil company will

NOT BE responsible FOR LOSS.

Dinkier -Tutwiler

OIRCCTION

DINKLER HOTEL CORPORATION
"DiaPCMana or Trui Soutnchn Hospitalitt"

ABE HEREBY HOnPlEO THAT THE COMPANY WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR VALUABLES. MONEY.
JKWELMV. CLOTHINO ETC. UNLESS THE SAME ARE DEPOSITEO IN SAFE

State

Flna City ^ State

"•/J-^V-^^TjirMiWTFA

1936 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appelx.. I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that at the February klonvokation Robert Thompson from
Georgia was elected Imperial Klaliff, or vice president; W. L. Perkins,
Tuscaloosa, Alabama, was elected Imperial Kligrapp or secretary;
and that Fredrick Smith of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, was elected Im-
perial Klabee or treasurer. I ask you to affirm or deny that.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question upon the
grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I put it to you as a fact that, at the September klonvo-
kation, Robert Shelton was unopposed in reelection for the office of
Imperial Wizard; that Robert Collins, of Birmingham, was elected
Imperial Klokard ; that George Dorsett of Greensboro, North Caro-
lina, was elected Imperial Kludd; that R. Hudgins, of Raleigh, North
Carolina, was elected Imperial Kladd ; that Walter Brown, of Sumter,
South Carolina, was elected Imperial Klarogo; and that Robert Ivor-
man, of Florida, was elected Imperial Klexter.

I ask you to affirm or deny that.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, the committee obtained through subpena
duces tecum the bank account of the United Klans of America from
the Security Bank and Trust Company in Salisbury, North Carolina.
Included in these documents were documents that are signature cards
which were introduced into the record this morning during the ap-
pearance of Mr. Arthur C. Leonard.

I hand you each of these cards and put it to you as a fact, and ask
you to affirm or deny the fact, that these signature cards were author-
ized by the Klavern and that the current signature card lists Fred
L. Wilson as treasurer, with the two other authorized signatures as
W. R. McCubbins and Wayne Dayvault. I ask you to affirm or
deny it.

Mr. Wilson, I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Documents previously marked "Arthur Leonard Exhibits Nos.
1-A through 1-D." See pp. 1902-1905.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, I hand you checks drawn against this
account, all payable to the United Klans of America or James R.
Jones or J. R. Jones, all containing your signatures as one of the co-
signers, and I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny
the fact, that these checks were drawn in the official capacity of the
organization as an affiliate of the United Klans of America, Inc.

The Chairman. How many checks are you handing him ?

Mr. Appell. Ten, sir.

The Chairman. Wliat is the date of the first and the last?

Mr. Appell. The first is September 18, 1963, and the last that is in
this group is August 24, 1964.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like for the record to show
that the check — well, I will not worry about the sequence, Mr. Chair-
man.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1937

A check dated February 13, 1964, made payable to the United Klans
of America, is endorsed United Klans of America, and reendorsed
James K. Jones, in the amount of $15; check of February 13, 1964, in
the amount of $16, the purpose for which drawn is State dues, made
payable to James R. Jones, endorsed James R. Jones, with a further
endorsement, "For deposit only" at the Rowan Telephone Co., Inc.

The Chaioian. What?

Mr. Appell. a telephone company, incorporated, of Granite
Quarry, but I cannot tell what the official and full name of the tele-
phone company is.

The Chairman. For deposit to whose accomit ?

Mr. Appell. The telephone company account.

A check dated March 5, 1964, in the amount of $17.25, marked
''Feb. Dues,"' deposited as a pajmient of a loan which Mr. and Mrs.
Jones had at the Wachovia Bank and Trust Company, Salisbury,
North Carolina; a check in the amount of $14.50 made payable to
J. R. Jones for State dues, endorsed J. R. Jones, reendorsed for deposit
to the account of the Suburban Printing Company; a check of August
24, 1964, to J. R. Jones, in the amount of $22, endorsed J. R. Jones,
reendorsed for deposit in Suburban Printing Company ; a check dated
January 7, 1964, to James R. Jones, $16, N.C. tax.

I can make it clearer now, Mr. Chairman, the telephone company.
It is endorsed James R. Jones, for deposit only to the account of the
Eastern Rowan Telephone Company.

A check in the amount of $15 to J. R. Jones, dated December 11,
1963, the purpose for which drawn being State tax, endorsed J. R.
Jones, with the further endorsement "Deposit Only Food Town #4,
Salisbury, N.C."

A check dated November 6, 1963, in the amount of $15, endorse-
ment of James R. Jones, and the second endorsement of an individual
whose name cannot be read, but it shows it was not deposited into
either of Mr. Jones' many bank accounts; a check dated October 9,
1963, payable to J. R. Jones, $13.50, State tax, endorsed J. R. Jones
and further with the second endorsement of Jesse L. Corriher,
who is an official of the Klavern to which Mr. Wilson belongs; a check
dated September 18, 1963, to J. R. Jones, $12.50, N.C. tax en-
dorsed J. R. Jones, reendorsed by Mrs. Melvin Barringer, and
deposited to the account of Stillers & Son, General Store.

The CiiAiRMAx. And the point you are making is what?

Mr. Appell. The point I am making, Mr. Chairman, is that while
we have three bank accounts of the United Klans of America, one of
which includes the personal account of Mr. and Mrs. Jones, to whom
we have established that tax money from Klaverns is deposited, that
a detailed examination of those accounts does not reflect all of the
money paid to Mr. Jones because, as is evident from this, some checks
are cashed at other places for otlier purposes.

The Chairman. And do not go either to the Jones' personal account
or the Klan account ?

Mr. Appell. Right, sir.

The Chairman. Those, of course, would constitute income.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. That is, if what you say is correct.

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir.

1938

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Checks marked "Fred Wilson Exhibits Nos. 3-A through 3-J,-'
respectively. Exliibit 3-A follows; balance retained in committee
files:)

Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 3-A

ID J •>

in , '

as =

-c

in
O

£? i

ii!

^»

-J

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1939

Mr. AiTELL. Mr. Wilson, I now show you a check dated February 23,
1965, United Khms of America, in the amount of $57.99, Avith the
purpose for which drawn not shown

The Chairman. Before that, some of these checks, 16, I think, in
number, were any or all or part of them signed by Mr. Wilson?

Mr. Appell. Every one, Mr. Chairman, contained Mr. Wilson as
one of the signators.

The Chairman. All right, Mr. Wilson, I ask you : Did you know
that the checks which you signed and w^hicli are now exhibited and
being offered for the record were used by Mr. Jones for j)urposes not
connected with Klan activities ?

Mr. Wilson. I resj^ectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated .

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, I hand you this check dated February 23,
1965, United Klans of America being the organization listed on the
line of "Pay to the Order of" and it is cosigned by Fred L. Wilson and
W. R. McCubbins. I invite your attention to the reverse thereof where
you find the endorsement "United Klans of America, Rowan Sports-
men's Club, Fred L. Wilson, Treasurer."

Wasn't this check a part of the deposit which closed out the old
account in the name of the United Klans of America and used to
start the new account in the name by which the Klavern is now known,
namely, Rowan Sportsmen's Club ?

(Check marked "Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 4" and retained in com-
mittee files.)

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, I hand you a total of seven checks — let
me take them one at a time.

I hand you a check dated September 19, 1964, made payable to the
order of Fred Wilson m the amount of $225, with the purpose for
which drawn being reimbursement.

Can you advise the committee in what way you were reimbursed ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I show^ you a check dated April 20, 1964, payable to
Fred L. Wilson in the amomit of $95.85, with the purpose for which
drawn being "Building Fund." Was the $225 to you and this $95.85
a means whereby the Klavern reimbursed you for money which you
advanced to permit them to buy a place in which the Klavern would
hold its meetmgs ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. There are five more checks, Mr. Wilson, payable to
you either prior to the change of the name to the Rowan Sportsmen's
Club and since the change. Would you examine these checks and
advise the committee the purpose for which these checks were drawn
payable to you ?

(Documents handed to witness.)

Mr. Wilson. I respectfuly decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

1940 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

(Checks marked "Fred Wilson Exhibits Nos. 5-A through 5-G,"
respectively. Exhibits 5-A and 5-G follow ; balance retained in com-
mittee files:)

Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 5-A

t'Nrn:!) ki.ans ok \>iKiti< .\. ix<

K.N'I'.IITN •>» k K It

.Ju^/9 ^^^ 2

SECURITY BANK & TRUST CO <t>tA ^i) ^<:'U?s^. '■

BrrNCm NOHTH CA»OC.INA

•«:osii-c=i«.a»:

.~ ,.^-..__j

Fred W^ilson Exhibit No. 5-G

KOWAN BPORTBHCN'B CLUB

in^m.

^^ DAT I y/fic ID ^^y

Rowan SPOOTSMf n ■ dLuB
crfHMMTV QftUV t TDt ICT TA ^ ^ . i ^

SECURITY BANK & TRUST CO

•PCMCCH. MOirrv) camilina

• i:o5ii-o9i.fli:

The Chairman. Were these checks made payable to you and did
you cash them for ^Dersonal use or for Klan activities duly authorized ?

Mr. WiLsox. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, early in the year 1965 a State meetirig
was held in North Carolina at which the officers, including yourself,
were elected. It is the committee's information that Grand Dragon
Jones, in the course of a discussion, brought up Kaymond Mills, and
the fact that he had been arrested in the bombings in New Bern.

I ask you if it is a fact, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm
or deny the fact, that he reported that Mills had not been banished,
and asked all units to help financially.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully declme to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1941

Mr. Appell. Did he request at that same time that all moneys for
the defense of Raymond Mills be sent to Mr. Grady Mars, General
Delivery, Warrenton, North Carolina ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfnly decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Did you, on the date of April 20, 1965, on an imprinted
check of the Eowan Sportsmen's Club, countersign the check along
■with Wayne Dayvault, in the amount of $26.60, made payable to
Grady B. Mars, and the purpose for which paid marked as "Defence
Fund"?

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

( Check marked "Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 6"' follows : )

Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 6

•«« «■» ■ I-

^PORTSMCN'S CLUB

SE'duRITY BANK & TRUST CO. ,

BPCNCtR. NO»rrH CAROLINA ' _ /I , <;V -J-- \' - X (. J_«r>-V

I I.K

' -iros i ^"i)'ii.U': .•'00

.•'000000 a&E.o/

■Mai

Mr. Weltner. What was the date of that check ?

Mr. Appell. April 20, 1965.

The Chairman. Do you know whether Grady Mars did, in fact,
remit that amount to Mr. Mills for his defense to the incident he was
involved in ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Weltner. WTiat was the date in 1965 when he was arrested ?

Mr. Appell. He was arrested on January 22, 1965, and I think the
change of his plea in the trial to guilty was June 3.

Mr. Wilson, I read into the record this morning

The Chairman. Wait a moment.

There will appear in the record, I know, that the check made pay-
able to Grady B. Mars was simply endorsed "Grady B. Mars." It
bears no other endorsement.

I am not informed as to what it was used for. Here is an opportu-
nity, if you know, to say that Grady B. Mars used the money for the
purposes intended. I might tell you, Mr, Wilson, that the committee
has information that in certain instances, quite a few, so-called drives
for defense funds were made and the funds not given to those accused.

If this is not such a situation, I welcome you to clarify it, if you
wish to.

1942 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Do you wish to clarify it ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, in the course of this morning's presenta-
tion there was an allusion made to the creation of an organization in
the spring of 1959 known as the Black Shirts which later joined an
organization headed by August W. Holman of Columbia, South
Carolina, known as the Chessmen.

Were you a member of that organizat ion, sir ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, on the 28th day of May 1965, a cross was
burned, as were many burned throughout the State of North Carolina
on that day, at the Health Center in Salisbury. Do you possess any
know- ledge with respect to this cross-burning ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. As a State officer, do you possess knowledge of any of
the cross-iburnings carried out on May 28, 1965 ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Are you acquainted wnth the Grand Dragon of South
Carolina, Robert Scoggin ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer tliat question based
upon the grounds previously st ated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that you knew him to be the Grand
Dragon for the Realm of South Carolina of the U.S. Klans under
Imperial Wizard Eldon Edwards ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Isn't it a fact that you now know" him to be Grand
Dragon of the Realm of South Carolina under Robert M. Shelton ?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. I show you a photograph, the glossy print of one,
which appeared in the Charlotte Observer of August 30, 1964, and I
put it to you as a fact and ask you to affimi or deny the fact that the
three men shown, excluding the man on the white horse or the robed
horse, are James Robertson Jones, the Grand Dragon of the State of
North Carolina; yourself, the treasurer or klabee of the Realm of
North Carolina; and Robert Scoggin, although it is here with an s,
S-c-o-g-g-i-n-s, the Grand Dragon for the Realm of South Carolina.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Photograph marked "Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 7." Tliis exhibit
will be reproduced in a forth coming report on Ku Klux Klan or-
ganizations.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, without going over this again for the
record, because it is already in the record, I wish to show you a report
of funds made by Robert Marshall Kornegay relating to the Cadillac
which the Klaverns financed and which Mr. Jones is now driving. I
ask you to give me the identity of the secretary who transmitted the
funds from each of the Klaverns enumerated on this list.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1943

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. WiLsox. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Document previously marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 18-A."
See p. 1746.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like the record to show that
there appeared on the check stub of the records turned over to us last
week by Joseph DuBois, of the Wayne County Improvement Associa-
tion, that a check was written from that account on September 14, 1964,
in the amount of $120, the purpose for which drawn being member-
ship fees through 9-14-64.

I show you the check, Mr. Wilson, and ask you whether that repre-
sents a remittance to the State from the membership fees — to the
realm — or the portion of member initiation fees which is reportable
to the realm.

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

(Check marked "Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 8" follows :)

Fred Wilson Exhibit No. 8

W'^«>»(>MNi> Imi ttMt-Ni \«<MMi\TK>N •«e/r

•*L/

'VJWCHOViAM :.;

(50lli«1l'«(i NORTH ( AMUMA ^

/JfL^Mj- d^ J '^r

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I wish to point out for the record that
also in the records from the Wayne County Improvement Association
there is a check dated August 2, 1965, in the amount of $66.50 to the
Alabama Rescue Service marked "Dues" and on the same date a check
to J. R. Jones in the amount of $33.25 marked "Dues."

If, Mr. Chairman, we take the 25 cents per member which at that
time was paid to the State, and 50 cents per member which was due as
the imperial share of the dues, the Wayne County Improvement Asso-
ciation as of that date had 133 members.

(Documents marked "Fred Wilson Exhibits Nos. 9-A and 9-B,"
respectively, and retained in committee files.)

The Chairman. Is that Mr. DuBois' unit ?

Mr, Appell. Yes, sir.

Mr. Pool. Go over that again. Mr. Jones got how much ?

1944 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Jones got $33.25. To the Alabama Kescue Service
you double that amount, $66.50, and at the rate of 25 cents per mem-
ber on the realm level, or 50 cents per member on the imperial level,
the membership of the Klavem as of the period that this covers was 133.

Mr. Pool. He wasn't trying to cheat the imperial realm; was he?
Did he turn in the exact amount he should have, according to their
rules?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Pool, the treasurer of the Klavem has nothing to
do with membership records and he draws the check payable on the
basis of what the secretary, who maintains the membership records,
advises him is due on the basis of membership.

Mr. Pool. There is no discrepancy at this point between the imperial
and the state.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, are you also treasurer for the United Klans
of America on a bank account maintained at the Farmers & Merchants
Bank in the name of the United Klans of America, care of J. R. Jones?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the gromids previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Wlien, as the record pointed out last week, there were
two checks drawn against that account in payment for a truck, do you
possess knowledge as to whether or not that truck was titled in the
name of the United Klans of America, or in the name of J. R. Jones?

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based on
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Wilson, in light of the fact that you are the State
treasurer, I give you an opportunity to comment upon a statement made
to Roy Heddy, an agent of the Internal Revenue Service, who inter-
viewed Mr. Shelton and Mr. Jones in August of 1965, wherein he was
advised by them that the Realm of North Carolina is simply a geo-
graphical subdivision of the national charter and is used only to iden-
tify a given area, that is, the State of North Carolina. It is not an or-
ganization and has no funds, income, or expense ; therefore, no returns
are due.

Mr. Wilson. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the staff has no further questions of this
witness.

The Chairman. Would you step aside for a moment, Mr. Wilson, but
remain in the room ? We may call you back.

Mr. Chalmers. Mr. Chairman, may I just state that my client in-
formed me that he has a severe lieart condition and has an appointment
with a physician tomorrow with respect thereto. I would like to call
that to the chairman's attention. I am certain that tlie chairman
would want to accommodate him in any way possible.

The Chaikman. I made that suggestion at the suggestion of Mr.
Weltner, who said he may have some further interrogation.

Do you have further interrogation?

Mr. Weltner. No, sir; I don't.

The CiLMRMAN. Then the witness will be excused and discharged
from liis subpena.

Mr. Chalmers. Thank you, sir.

The Chairman. I want to point out, however, Mr. Chalmers, that
this is the first knowledge that the Chair or membei-s of the staff have

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1945

had concerning Mr. Wilson's condition. It has never been called to
our attention before. I don't reproach you or anybody else. I am just
stating that as a fact.

]\Ir. Chalmers. That is correct, and I am certain that the Chair
and no members of the committee had any knowledge of it, sir.

The Chairman. Call your next witness, Mr. Appell.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, I would like to call Grady B. Mars.

The Chairman. Please raise your right hand.

You do solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give will
be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you
God^

Mr. Mars. I do.

The Chairman. And his name is Avliat ?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars.

The Chairman. Grady B. Mars.

Proceed.

TESTIMONY OF GRADY BURDELL MARS,i ACCOMPANIED BY
COUNSEL, LESTER V. CHALMERS, JR.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, will you state your full name for the record,
please, sir ?

Mr. Mars. Grady Burdell Mars.

Mr. Appell. Would you spell your middle name?

Mr. Mars. B-u-r-d-e-1-1.

Mr. Appell. As to the other two parts of your name, Grady and
Mars, I spelled them properly, G-r-a-d-y, M-a-r-s ?

Mr. Mars. That is correct, sir.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, are you appearing before the committee this
afternoon in connection with a subpena served upon you at 11 'AO
o'clock a.m. on the 11th day of October 1965 ?

Mr. Mars. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Are you represented by counsel ?

Mr. Mars. Yes, sir.

Mr. Appell. Will counsel identify himself for the record?

Mr. Chalmers. I am Lester V. Chalmers, Jr., attorney at law, Room
501, First Federal Building, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, when and where were you born ?

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the
reason that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4, and
14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

The Chairman. I order and direct you to answer that question.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, do you receive a monthly income from the
Government of the United States ?

1 According to the Washington Star of Dec. 15, 1965, Grady Mars committed suicide on
Dec. 11 at his home in Granite Quarry, N.C.

1946

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. AppELii. Are you a retired member of the Armed Forces of the
United States?

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, I ask you the source of the income reported
on numerous deposit slips. I will refer to one of April 1, 1964, which
shows a deposit in the amount of $144.55, and the source of the check
being the Treasury.

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Document marked "Grady Mars Exhibit No. 1" follows:)

Grady Mars Exhibit No. 1

THE CITIZENS BANK

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ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1947

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, under the conditions of the svibpena served
upon you on October 11, 1964, you were commanded to bring with
you and to produce for the committee documents wliich were set forth
on an attaclmient. which was made a part of the subpena. Part 1 reads :

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda relating to
the organization of and the conduct of business and affairs of the Invisible
Empire, United Klans, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also
kno^^'n as the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan,
and affiliated organizations, namely, the Alabama Rescue Service, Realm (State)
of North Carolina and New Bern and Blounts Creek Fund, in your iwssession, cus-
tody or control, or maintained by you or available to you as Grand Klaliff (Vice
President), and employee Realm (State) of North Carolina and as an officer of
the New Bern and Blounts Creek Fund of the Invisible Empire, United Klans,
Knights of the Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc., also known as the United Klans
of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and
all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated October
11, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to the
subject under investigation and the same would not aid the Congress
in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is such
inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule XI of the rules .adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Eesolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated October 11,
1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the same might
tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me
by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of tlie United States
of America.

The Chaiioian. Mr, Chalmers, I take it that the stipulation which
we have been entering into all along, namely (1) that the witness
has been furnished a copy of the chairman's opening statement of
October 19, 1965, and that he is familiar with its contents, and (2)
that the direction of the subpena to produce the documents called for
was made to the witness in the official representative capacity described
in the subpena obtains and .applies in this case and is hereby entered
into between you and me ?

Mr. Chalmers. Yes, sir.

The Chairman. You, for your client, and me for the committee.

Mr, Mars, I order and direct you to produce the documents testified
to, those contained in the subpena.

Mr. ]VL\RS, I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records as requested by this committee under the subpena
dated October 11, 1965, for that information is not relevant and
germane to the subject mider investigation and the same would not
aid the Congress in the consideration of any valid remedial legisla-
tion, nor is such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be
investigated by Rule Xt of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress,
by House Resolution 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments as demanded by this committee in the subpena dated October
11, 1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the same might
tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me

1948 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, under part 2 of the subpena which under
the conditions of the subpena you were to bring with you and produce
there are set forth:

All books, records, documents, correspondence, and memoranda in your
possession, custody or control, or maintained by or available to you, in your
capacity as Grand Klaliff (Vice President) and employee Realm (State) of North
Carolina of the United Klans of America, Inc., Knights of the Ku Klux Klan,
which the "Constitution and Laws" of said organization authorize and require
to be maintained by you and ;any other oflBcer of said organization, the same being
in your possession, custody or control.

I now ask that you produce those documents.

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and
all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated October
11, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to the
subject under investigation, and the same would not aid the Congress
in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is such
inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by Rule
XI of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolution 8,
adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments as demanded by the committee in the subpena dated October 11,
1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the same might
tend to incriminate me in \aolation of my rights as guaranteed to me
by amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States
of America.

The Chairman. Mr. Chalmers, is it understood that the stipulation
we made a moment ago in two parts applies to this part of the de-
mands of the subpena?

Mr. Chalmers. It certainly is; yes, sir.

The Chairman. I order and direct you to produce those documents.

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any
and all records as requested by this committee under subpena dated
October 11, 1965, for that information is not relevant and germane to
the subject under investigation and the same would not aid the Con-
gress in the consideration of any valid remedial legislation, nor is
such inquiry within the scope of that authorized to be investigated by
Rule XI of the rules adopted by the 89th Congress, by House Resolu-
tion 8, adopted January 4, 1965.

I respectfully decline to deliver to the committee any and all docu-
ments as demanded by the committee in a subpena dated October 11,
1965, for the reason that I honestly feel that to do so, the same might
tend to incriminate me in violation of my rights as guaranteed to me oy
amendments 5, 1, 4, and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of
America.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, on July 20, 1965, James R. Jones, signing
himself Grand Dragon, North Carolina, filed a domestic corporation
franchise tax for the Invisible Empire, United Klans, Knights of the
Ku Klux Klan of America, Inc.

This document requires a listing of officers and there is listed by
Mr. Jones, in Mr. Jones' hand, James R. Jones, Granite Quarry; G. B.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1949

Mars, Warrenton, North Carolina; D. E. Leazer, Salisbury, North
Carolina; F. L. Wilson, Salisbury, North Carolina.

I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that
these are current officers of the United Klans of America, Realm of
North Carolina.

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. iSlARS. I respectfully decline to answer that question for the rea-
son that I honestly feel my answer might tend to incriminate me in
violation of my rights as guaranteed to me by amendments 5, 1, 4,
and 14 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

(Docmnent previously marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 2." See
pp. 1710-1711.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, I hand you checks imprinted with United
Klans of America, Inc., P.O. Box 321, Granite Quarry, North Caro-
lina, each in the amount of $150, dated June 4, June 14, 18, 26 ; July
5, 10, 16, 23 ; August 2, 6, 14, 20, 28 ; September 3, 10, 17 ; 16 checks at
$150 each marked salary and expenses, a total of $2400.

These are payable to Grady B. Mars. I put it to you as a fact, and
ask you to affirm or deny the fact, that these checks were payable to you
as a paid employee of the Realm of North Carolina.

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the gi'ounds previously stated.

The Chairman. I take it that you reported these checks on your
individual income tax.

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, I hand you back two of these checks and
ask you if you can explain to the committee why

The Chairman. I am sorry, but it has been called to my attention
that these checks were dated in 1965 and are not reportable, therefore,
until next year. But take my advice and report them next year.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, I shall hand you back two of these checks,
one dated July 5, 1965, which contains as the first endorsement "Grady
B. Mars" and the second endorsement "Syble Jones," and the check of
August 2, 1965, payable to Grady Mars, containing the first endorse-
ment "Grady B. Mars" and the second endorsement "J. R. Jones."

I ask you if you can explain to the committee why those checks are
so endorsed.

(Documents handed to witness.)

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

(Check previously marked "James Jones Exhibit No. 7-D." See
p. 1720.)

Mr. Appell. I hand you a check dated April 24, 1965, drawn on the
Davidson County Sportsman Club, Lexington, North Carolina, made
payable to cash in the amount of $25.00, endorsed "Grady B. Mars,
New Bern & Blounts Creek Fund."

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

(Check marked "Grady Mars Exhibit No. 2" appears on p. 1951.)

Mr. Appell. I show^ you a check drawn, according to the face of
the check, by the Harnett County Improvement Association, dated

59-222 O— 67— pt. 1-

1950 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

April 6, 1965, made payable to Grady B. Mars, $100, with the endorse-
ment "Grady B. Mars."

I ask you whether that was a contribution to tlie Mills Defense Fund
and if it was in fact deposited to that account.

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer tliat question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

(Check marked "Grady Mars Exhibit No. 3" appears on p. 1952.)

The Chairman. Mr. Mars, I notice that this check made payaoie to
you was endorsed "Grady B. Mars." You could have cashed it, de-
posited it to cash, in the Defense Fund, or you could have cashed it and
handed the cash to Mr. Mills.

Did you do either or did you keep the money ?

Mr, Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, we subpenaed from the First National
Bank in Henderson, North Carolina, the records which appeared in
an account known only by the name of the Keystone Club, with the co-
signers to the account James R. Ranes and Robert L. Reaves.

The Henderson Bank did not have available to it the equipment
necessary to reproduce the checks by the Recordak system. They
therefore made an individual search and presented us with a series of
checks drawn against this account which they certify to be accurate.

One of the checks is dated April 15, 1965, and it is payable to
Grady B. Mars, according to the bank, in the amount of $20.00, and
contains only the endorsement "Grady B. Mars.'' I ask you what dis-
position was made of that $20.00, Mr. Mars ?

(Document handed to witness.)

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

(Check marked "Grady Mars Exhibit No. 4" appears on p. 1953.)

Mr. Weltner. Mr. Appell, that check has no bank stamp on it ?

Mr. Appell. As an individual certification ?

Mr. Weltner. No ; bank stamp.

Mr. Appell. Do you mean the stamp by which the check was de-
posited, liow it got through the system ?

Mr. Weltner. How did that happen to have apparently no bank
stamp on the reverse side of the check ?

Mr. Appell. On most of the checks we have received, the bank has
taken a film on which the canceled check appears, and has reproduced
copies from the fihu, from the Recordak film.

The Henderson bank was not equipped to do this. Therefore, they
made an individual^examination of all the items, the debit items, in
the account of the Keystone and made up copies which they in trans-
mittal certify to be the copies of the checks drawn against that
account.

Mr. Weltner. So what you liave liere is simply a conforming copy
of the check that cleared through.

Mr. Appell. That is correct, sir.

Mr. Mars, did you in fact open an account with The Citizens Bank,
Warrenton, North Carolina, their branch at the Areola Rural Sta-
tion in the name of the New Bern and Blounts Creek Fund?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1951

Grady Mars Exhibit No. 2

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1952 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Grady Mars Exhibit No. 3

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1953

Grady Mars Exhibit No. 4

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1954 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. While this account contained both the names of Grady
B. Mars and James R. Jones, I put it to you as a fact, and ask you to
affirm or deny the fact, that the signature of Mr. Jones was never added
to the signature card.

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the records subpenaed from the bank
show that the account was opened with a deposit

The Chairman. "Wliat is the name of the account ?

Mr. Appell. The New Bern and Blounts Creek Fund.

The ChxMrman. What do you make that to be? Do you know? In
other words, to be frank about it, do you assume this to be, perhaps,
the Mills Defense Fund ?

Mr. Appell. Yes, sir ; because as we put into the record last week,
a check was drawn against this account in the amount of $260 which,
according to the bank, contains a notation "90 day note, Tvonnie R.
Mills."

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Appell. The deposit slip furnished us reflects that with the
initial deposit of April 26, 1965, there was deposited cash in the
amount of $57.45 ; a check of $20.00 designated "Henderson" ; $25.00,
Beulaville; $25.00, Dunn; $100, Duim; $42.11, Fountain, North Caro-
lina; $26.60, Spencer, North Carolina; $25.00, Williamston, North
Carolina; making a total deposit of $321.16.

The Chairman. And what withdrawals?

Mr. Appell. May I deal with all the deposits first ?

The Chairman. All right.

Mr. Appell. On May 3 there was deposited the amount of $137.00,
consisting of three checks. I am soriy I cannot read the first location
in North Carolina, $50.00; Durham, North Carolina, $57.00 : Wilming-
ton, North Carolina, $30.00.

A deposit of May 11, consisting of one or more checks — it is impos-
sible to tell from the deposit slip — ^totaling $50.00.

A deposit of May 13, 1965, currency in the amount of $62.00, and
a deposit on June 1, 1965, three checks, each in the amount of $25.00.

According to the bank records, the check in the amount of $57.00
which was deposited on May 3, 1965, hounced for insufficient funds.

I hand you again this check, Mr. Mars (Grady Mars Exliibit No. 3),
and ask you if this $100.00 which you received from tlie Harnett
County Improvement Association is the item contained on the initial
deposit of April 26 from Dunn marked $100?

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer tliat question based on
the <rrounds previously stated.

(Bank records marked "Grady Mars Exliibit No. 5" and retained
in committee files.)

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, tlie bank records show, and tliese rec-
ords are in the process of being filmed so that we will have the actual
Item for the record, that as far as withdrawals from this account
there were only two. One was a check dated May 3, 1965, which ap-
pears to have been made payable to "Wachovia Bank & Trust," signed

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1955

by Grady B. Mars, with a notation thereon ''90 day note, Lonnie
R. Mills, Rt. 2, Vanceboro, N.C." (James Jones Exhibit No. 28, p. 1766.)

There was no other withdrawal from that account until September
9, 1965, when a check was drawn by Mr. Grady B. Mars, and, as the
notation from the bank shows, a cashier's check was drawn in the
amount of $328.16, and the purpose for which the check was drawn
was to close out the account.

The Chairman. Mr. Mars, here is an opportunity to explain all
that. We have no tricks up our sleeves. Did all that money go to
Mills?

Mr. Maks. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. On the face of it all, it looks like at least — how
much ?

Mr. Appell. $260, Mr. Chairman.

The Chairman. At least one. check for $260 drawn against that
account appears, instead of having been given to Mr. Mills for his
defense, to have been given to him in exchange for his note.

It looks very bad, unless you explain it. Can you explain that?

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, Lonnie R. Mills is not the defendant
but a relative of the defendant.

The Chairman. The Mills indicated there is not the defendant?

Mr. Appell. He is a relative of the defendant, Mr. Chairman.

Mr. Weltner. The defendant's name is Raymond D. Mills.

The Chairman. That seems to make it worse.

Go on.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Mars, by September 5, 1965, Mr. Mills had
changed his original not guilty plea to guilty, and had been sentenced
by the court. Was the $328 which, according to the bank records, a
cashier's check was drawn for, was that $328 refunded to the Klaverns
that had advanced the money ?

Mr. M.\Rs. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. What disposition was made of the $328.16 ?

Mr. M.\Rs. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. Mr. Mars, I think you better assume we will find
out the whole truth about this thing. Here is another opportunity for
you to explain, if you want to. Do you want to avail yourself of my
new^ offer for you to explain these transactions?

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. According to a joint bank account maintained in the
names of Grady B. and Mary J. Mars, maintained by The Citizens
Bank of Warrenton, North Carolina, we find that on May 8, 1964, a

1956 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

check Avas drawn against this private account to Bob Jones in the
amount of $48.00.

Will you advise the committee as to the purpose for which that
check was drawn ?

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

( Check marked "Grady Mars Exhibit No. 6" follows : )

Grady Mars Exhibit No. 6

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Mr. Appell. On June 5, 1964, a check was made payable to James
R. Jones for $16.00. "Would you advise the committee the purpose
for which that check Avas drawn ?

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

(Check marked "Grady Mars Exhibit No. 7" and retained in com-
mittee files. )

The CiiAiRMAX. Mr. Appell, I take it from your analysis of the
deposits made in the account, before we move away from it, the ac-
count furnished to us by the bank is not in such a shape that you
can identify the checks that went into it, and that is why you ques-
tioned him about these checks payable to him and simply endorsed?
There is no way of checking where the checks that went into that
account came from and who deposited them ; is that correct ?

Mr. Appell. That is right, Mr. Chairman. "We do not have the
information.

The CiiAiRMAX. All right.

Mr. Appell. On August 25 there was a check written to James R.
Jones in the amount of $16.00. For what purpose was that check
drawn?

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

(Clieck marked "Grady Mars Exhibit No. 8" and retained in com-
mittee files.)

Mr. Appell. On January 11, 1965, there was a check payable to Caro-
lina Insurance Agency in the amount of $14.50. Did you take out an
insurance policy under the affiliated group of the Capital City Restora-
tion Association ?

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

1957

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

(Check marked "Grady Mars Exhibit No. 9" follows :)

Grady Mars Exhibit No. 9

ti)

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V< iMLEIGH.N.C. ^/^

1958 ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S.

Mr. ArrELL. Mr. Mars, were you, prior to becoming a paid employee
of the Realm of North Carolina, the exalted cy clops of a Klavern
known as the Warren County Improvement Association ?

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to ansAver that question based
upon the grounds previously stated.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the "Warren County Improvement As-
sociation maintains its account at The Peoples Bank in Norlina, North
Carolina.

According to vice president of this bank it was impossible for
them to even look, to make searches of their records, and they sub-
mitted us only those items which they had on hand. They consist of
a check payable to J. R. Jones in the amount of $12.00, dated July 24,
1965, signed by Andrew F. Collins and David A. Hight.

Do you know those gentlemen to be officers of the Harnett County
Improvement Association ?

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

(Document marked "Grady Mars Exhibit No. 10" and retained in
committee files.)

Mr. Appell. I ask that the record be corrected to the Warren
County Improvement Association.

Mr. Mars, during the course of the committee's investigation it was
indicated that you had in your possession or available to you incendiary
material. Is this information obtained during our investigation true
or false?

Mr. Mars. I respectfully decline to answer that question based upon
the grounds previously stated.

The Chairman. I think I ought to state for the record that accord-
ing to what the investigator tells me, and Mr. Appell used the term
"incendiary material,*' that that is the information that came to us,
from the information received from the State Bureau of Investigation
of North Carolina.

Mr. Appell. Mr. Chairman, the staff has no further questions to
ask of this witness.

The Chairman. The witness is excused and is discharged from his
subpena.

Mr. Chalmers. Thank you.

Mr. Weltxer. Mr. Chairman, I have one question to pose to Mr.
Appell, if I might, to somewhat recap this.

Mr. Appell, as I understand, you have placed documents into the
lecord indicating a total of $588.16 Avhich was deposited in the New
Bern account, and $260 of that was withdrawn indicating a 90-day
loan to Lonnie R. Mills, and $328.16 was withdrawn in September
1965. We have no indication of what disposition was made of a
cashier's check when that was withdrawn?

Mr. Appell. As of this time we do not have any information.

Mr. Weltner. So far as you have been able to determine, tlie check
is still outstanding?

Mr. Appell. No, sir; the check drawn against tlie account was used
to purchase the cashier's check.

ACTIVITIES OF KU KLUX KLAN IN THE U.S. 1959

Mr. AVeltner. Is the cashier's check still outstanding ?

Mr. Appfxi.. "We do not possess the knowledge. We have requested
the information but it is not forthcoming as yet, sir.

Mr. Weltnek. Thank you.

The Chairman. The committee will stand in recess for 5 minutes.

(Whereupon, at 4:30 p.m. the subcommittee recessed and recon-
\-ened at 4 : 35 p.m. Present at time of recess and when hearings re-
sumed : Representatives Willis, Pool, Weltner, and Buchanan.)

The Chairman. The committee will stand in recess until 10 o'clock
tomorrow morning.

(Subcommittee members present at time of recess: Representa-
tives Willis, Pool, Weltner, and Buchanan.)

(Whereupon, at 4: 35 p.m., Monday, October 25, 1965, the subcom-
mittee recessed, to reconvene at 10 a.m., Tuesday, October 26, 1965.)

3 ifSBii.,

^yys 05706 3065

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Full text of "Activities of Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United States. Hearings before the Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, Eighty-ninth Congress, first[-second] session"

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