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A DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 



THE HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS 



ARABIC AND PERSIAN LASGUAGES, 

PRESERVED IN THE LIBRARY OF 

THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY OF GREAT BRITAIN 
AND IRELAND. 

BY WILLIAM H. MORLEY, M.R.A.8. 



LONDON : 
JOHN W. PARKER k SON, WEST STRAND. 

MDCCCLIV, 



PRINTED BY HARRISON AND SONS, 
LONDON OAZETTB OFFICE, ST. MARTIN'b LANE. 



ADVEETISEMENT. 



With the exception of Grammars and Dictionariee^ there 
is, perhaps, no class of works more calculated to be practically 
useful to the student of Oriental literature than Descriptive 
Catalogues of MSS« Mere lists are of small value, even when 
accurately made, since the names generally given by Eastern 
authors to their compositions afford but little insight into the 
nature of their contents; and if, as is frequently the case, the 
titles of the books are taken merely from the fly-leaves, or the 
backs of the volumes, such lists are quite as likely to mislead 
as to furnish a correct guide. 

The description of historical MSS. is of peculiar utility, for, 
in order that the student of the intricate history of Asia should 
know where to search for particular facts, or to find the best 
accounts of special epochs^ it is obviously of the utmost 
consequence that he should have at his command concise but 
complete tables of the contents of the various works applicable 
to the period he may wish to investigate. In addition to this 
it is highly requisite that he should also be informed where 
copies of such works are to be found, as it is in most cases 
necessary, and always desirable, to consult more than one MS* 
of all the various authorities for the ascertainment of a &ct. 
Different copies of the same history often vary materially both 
in extent and arrangement; the injuries caused by time or 
accident ; the misplacing of leaves by the binders ; the con- 
stant omission of detached sentences, and even of entire pas- 
sages^ the difficulty of decyphering words^ especially proper 



W ADVERTISEMENT. 

names ; and all the errors arising from the ignorance or care- 
lessness of the transcribers^ concur to perplex the reader^ and 
to render it extremely unsafe to trust to a single MS., where 
more than one can be procured. 

• If we were in possession of good catalogues of only half the 
public libraries in Europe, how much labour in research would 
be saved to the student, and how great wcJuld eventually be 
the gain to historic truth. 

The historical MSS. preserved in the library of the Royal 
Asiatic Society are, from their number and character, well 
deserving the attention of Orientalists. Amongst them will 
be found a good collection of works relating to India and 
Persia, together with some others which are both rare and 
curious. At the desire of the Council of the Society, I have 
undertaken to give an account of them, confining myself, how- 
ever, to those in the Arabic and Persian languages. 

In the following pages I have, in the first instance, described 
each history shortly, and have added some notice of the author 
where procurable ; I have then given the particular contents of 
each volume,^ and have mentioned its size and extent, noticiiig 
the species of handwriting, and whether it is well written or 
transcribed in a more or less illegible hand. I have also enu- 
merated the editions of the whole, or of the portions of each 
work, that have been printed either in text or translation. 

The reader will perceive that I have given the size of the 
volumes in inches, instead of saying that they are in folio, 4to, 
&c Eastern paper not being made in a regular series of sizes 
and folded as in Europe, those terms convey but a very inde- 
finite idea of form when applied to Oriental MSS. ; whilst the 
actual measurement of a volume, together with a statement 
of the number of leaves, and of the lines in a page, enable us 



^ I believe that the tables of contents which I have given are sufficiently 
equal, and that I have not dilated too much when describing the works of my 
favourite authors. When a whole dynasty is dismissed in a page, or less, as is 
often the case, I have merely mentioned the name of such dynasty ; and the reader 
may conclude that the account of it in the work described is unimportant. 



ADVERTISEMENT. v 

to form a tolerable estimate as to the extent of a work. I have 
also departed from the practice too often observed in catalogues 
in describing the external appearance and the exaration of MSS. 
The main points to be remarked are, the species and degree of 
legibility of the handwriting, the state of a MS. when damaged, 
the existence of lacunse, and the misplacing of leaves bj the 
binder. The elaborate notices of the illuminations, the gold 
and red and blue lines, the silk paper, &C.9 &c., with which 
works of the present nature are generally overloaded, seem 
to me to be so much space wasted, and should, I think, be 
abandoned to the tradesman who seeks to give a false value 
to his goods by bombastic description. If, therefore, I have at 
any time adverted to a volume as " beautifully written," or 
*^ finely illuminated," it must be understood as denoting that 
such volume presents a peculiarly good specimen of caligraphy 
or ornament. The names o£ the donors are added at the end of 
the description of each MS. 

Notwithstanding every care, I fear that several errors of the 
press have escaped my observation.^ The multitude of proper 
names and dates ^ occurring in the text render it very diffi- 
cult, if not impracticable, to avoid oversights ; and, had it not 
been for the kind revision of the last proofs, by my friend 
Mr. Charles Bieu, of the British Museum, and for which I 
tender him my best thanks, the typographical faults would 
have been still more numerous than at present. 

January, 1854. W. H. M. 



^ I trust ihftt few will be found to be of importance. I have added a table 
of errata to caU« the reader's attention to the graver fiinlts, but I have not thought 
it necessary to notice the occasional omission of accents and such like inadvert- 
encies. Even these, however, I believe, are not of frequent occurrence. 

^ I may here mention that in converting the years of the Hijrah into those of 
our own aera, Frinsep's tables have been followed ; the year of our Lord given 
being that in which the Hijrah year commenced. 



■^rw^p^T'^" 



^^^^V^V^ 



Vll 



CONTENTS. 



Page 

ARABIC. 

I.— GENERAL HISTORY 1 

II.— PARTICULAR HISTORY 13 

PERSIAN. 

I.— HISTORIES OF MUHAMMAD, HIS COMPANIONS 

AND IMMEDIATE SUCCESSORS 15 

II.— GENERAL HISTORY 17 

III.— INDIA 58 

1. General Histories of India 58 

2. Particular Histories of India 71 

(a) Early Rdjahs of India 71 

(b) Sind 72 

(c) Afghdns . 74 

(d) 'Adilskdhts ofBijdpur 77 

(e) Bahmanis; NizdmsMhis of Ahmadnagar ; and 

Nizdms of the Dahhin 80 

(f) KtUbshdhis of Gtdkundak and Haidardbdd 82* 

fgj Qujardt 83 

(hj Mysore 86 

(i) MahraUas 88 

(k) Sikhs 89 

(I) Bhdwalpur 90 

(m) Ovde 93 

3. House of Timur 94 

(a) Histories of Ttmur 94 

(b) General Histories of the House of Timur 96 

(cj Ahbar 108 



Vlii CONTENTS. 

Page 

(d) Jahdnghr 112 

(e) Shah Jahdn 121 

(f) Aurangzib 1 25 

(g) Shdh 'Alam 128 

IV.— PERSIA 128 

1. General ffistories of Persia 128 

2. Barlg Kings 132 

3. Saljuks 133 

4. Safawis 133 

5 Nddir Shdh 138 

6. Kdjdrs ' 139 

v.— TURKEY 142 

VI.— KURDS 143 

VIL- BUKHARA, MAwARA AN-NAHR, &c 151 

INDEX OF NAMES OF WORKS 157 

INDEX OF NAMES OF AUTHORS 158 



DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE, 



§-c., §-c., «fC. 



AEABIC. 

I.— GENERAL HISTORY. 



^J^^^ 



I. 



Jami* at-Tawar/kh.^ — A general history of the world from the 
earliest times, by Rashid ad-Din Ben *Imdd ad-Daulah Abd al-Khair 
Ben Muwaffik ad-Daulah^ who completed his work in a.h. 710 
(a.d. 1310). 

Rashid ad-Din was born at Hamadan^ "about a.h. 645 (a.d. 1247) 
and was by profession a physician. He passed a portion of his life in 
the service of Abdkd Khan and his successors^ and subsequently, in 
A.H. 697 (a.d. 1297), was appointed by Ghdzdn Khan to the office 
of Wazir, in conjunction with Sa'd ad -Din. The two Wazirs dis- 
agreed, and Sa'd ad-Din having been put to death at the instigation 
of Rashid ad-Din-, was succeeded in his office by 'Ali Shah Jabaldn. 
Fresh dissensions soon arose between Rashid ad-Din and the new 
Wazir, and 'All Shdh eventually, by his intrigues, procured the con- 
demnation of his colleague from the Sultdn Abu Sa'id, on the charge 
of hsLving administered poison to Uljditu Sultan. The son of the 
unfortunate Rashid ad-Din was first put to death before his father's 
eyes, and the Wazir was then cloven in twain by the executioner : 
his property was confiscated, and a large suburb of the city of Tabriz, 
which he had built at an enormous expense and called after his name, 
was given up to pillage and destroyed. Rashid ad-Din was a man 

1 H4j. Khalf., toui. ii. p. 508. 



(2) 

of immense learning, a profound politician, an accomplished linguist, 
and an industrious and voluminous writer. His execution took place 
in A.H. 718 (a.d. 1318). 

The Jami* at-Tawdrikh is the most important of Rashid ad-Din's 
numerous works, and indeed is one of the most valuable Oriental his- 
tories which we possess. 

In a notice, bj the author himself, prefixed to a MS. of his 
theological works, preserved in the Imperial Library at Paris, ^ and 
quoted by M. Quatrem^re in the introduction to the first volume of 
the Collection Orientale,' the Jdmi' at-Tawdrikh is stated to cam- 
prise four volumes, containing as follows : 

Vol. I. Preface. — Account of the origin of the nations of the 
Turks, and the number of their tribes. History of the Kings, 
Khdns, Amirs, and great men, sprung from each tribe. The an- 
cestors of Changiz Khan and the history of that monarch's reign 
and actions, and of his children and descendants, down to the 
time of Uljditii Sultan. To the life of each prince is added his 
genealogy, an account of his character, of his wives and children, 
the contemporary Khalifahs, Kings, Sultans, and Atdbaks, and 
the remarkable events which occurred during his reign. 

Vol. II. Preface.— The life of UljdYtti Sultdn, from his birth to 
the time when the author wrote.' History of the Prophets, 
Sultdns, and Kings of the universe, from the time of Adam to 
that of the author, together with a detailed account of many 
people, of whom little or nothing had been previously known. 
This portion comprises the history of the Jews and Christians, 
and of the Snltdns, and most celebrated princes of each country, 
also an account of the Isma'ilis, &c. 

Vol, III. Preface. — Account of the descent of the Prophets, 
Kings, Khalifahs, the Arab tribes, the Companions of the Pro- 
phet, &c., from the time of Adam to the end of the dynasty of 
the 'Abbdsides. The genealogy of the ancestors of Muhammad, 
and of the tribes descended from them. The Prophets of the 
Jews, their Kings, and an enumeration of their tribes. The 
genealogies of the Kaisars and other Christian princes, with their 
names and the number of years of their respective reigns. 

1 Ma ar. No. 356. 

' Collection Orientale. Tome 1. M^moire, Ac, p. Ixxii. Append, p. cliz. FoL 
Puis, 1836. 

' The author here mentions his intention of adding a supplement to this flection 
of his work, to comprise an account of the daily actions of Vlji'itti, written by 
himself and the Court historians. 



(3) 

Vol. IV. Preface. — Account of the limits of the seven climates, 
the division and extent of the various countries of the globe, the 
geographical position and description of the greater part of the 
cities, seas, lakes, valleys, and mountains, with their longitudes 
and latitudes. 

In the preface to the first volume of the Jami' at-Tawdrikh, which 
is dedicated to Gh^zdn Khdn and called, after him, the Tdrikh-i Gha- 
zani, the author, however, distributes the subject-matter of his work 
somewhat differently. He mentions only three volumes, and includes in 
the second volume the contents of the second and third, as given above. 
In the pre&ce to the Tdrikh-i Ghazdni the work is divided as follows : 

Vol . I. — The same as in the preceding description. 

Vol. II — The history of Uljditti Sultdn (to whom this volume 
is dedicated), from his birth to the time of the author ; this form^ 
the first division of the volume. The second division comprises 
two parts, the first of which is again divided into two sections. 
1. An abridged history of all the Prophets, Khalifahs, and a 
description of the various races of mankind, to a.h. 700 (a.d. 
1300). 2. A detailed account of all the inhabitants of the earth, 
according to their races. The second section of this part is occu- 
pied by the remaining portion of the history of Uljditij, and was 
intended to be continued to the time of his death. 

Vol. III. — A description of geographical charts and various 
routes between different places. 

Such is the contents of the Jami' at-Tawdrikh, as given by the author 
himself. Previously to the year ] 838 it was very generally supposed 
that the first volume, the Tarikh-i Ghdzdni, was the only portion of 
Rashid ad-Din's work extant ; for although his history is occasionally 
quoted by Eastern writers as authority for facts not comprised in the 
Tarikh-i Ghdzdni, yet no MS. of any part of the remainder was known 
to be in existence. In that year, however, I was so fortunate as to 
meet with the present curious and interesting volume, and I inserted 
an account of it in the Journal of the Society.^ The attention of 
Orientalists having been thus drawn to the subject, no less than five 
other MSS., containing either the whole work, or detached portions 
thereof, were successively brought to light. 

From a comparison of these MSS. with the author's descriptions 
given above, it would seem that the entire work of Rashid ad-Din 
should comprise the following histories, which were probably thus 
arranged : 

* Jour. Roy. As. Soc. yol. vi. p. 11. 

B 2 



(4) 



Vol. [. General Preface. — An account of the Turks and 
Mongols to the time of Ulj^itu Sultdn. Supplement : The 
T^rikh-i Ugh6z, a history of Ughiiz Khdn and his successors.^ 

Vol. II. — Life of Uljaitii Sultdn, from his birth to the time of 
of the author. History of Adam and his descendants, of Nuh 
and his posterity, of Ibrdhim and his descendants, of the 
Prophets, the early Kings of Persia, the Greeks, and the Arabs. 
A detailed history of Muhammad and the Khallfahs, to the death 
of Al-Musta*sim Billah, and the extinction of the Khildfat. A 
history of the Ghaznayides, the Sdmdnides, the Dilamites, and 
the Buwaihides. History of the Saljiiks and the Kings of Khd- 
rizm,^ of the Atdbaks of Fdrs, of the Khalifahs of the Maghrib 
and Misr, and of the Isma'ilis. History of Khitd and the Kings 
of Chin and Mdchin. History of the Jews and their Kings, His- 
tory of the Franks, their Emperors and Popes. History of Hind 
and Sind and Shdkmtini. A treatise in refutation of the doctrine 
of Metempsychosis. ' The latter portion of the life of Uljditfi 
Sultdn. 

Vol. III. — Geographical description of the world. 

Each of the aboTe histories is complete in itself, and most of them 
have separate prefaces, but their order of sequence varies in the dif- 
ferent MSS. We do not find in any of the known MSS. the history 
of Uljaitii's reign, or the supplementary journal ; and the third 
volume, containing the geographical portion, has not yet been dis- 
covered, and probably was never written. 

There appears to be some doubt as to the language in which the 
J ami' at-Tawdrikh was originally composed, but it seems pretty 
certain that it was first written in Persian and then translated into 
Arabic, under the author's inspection. Hashid ad-Din caused transla- 
tions of all his Persian compositions to be made into Arabic, and in 

^ This sapplement is occasionally referred to in the T£rikh«i Gh2ai.nL 
3 Rashid ad-Din wrote the history of the Saljtiks to the time of Tughril Ben 
ArsUn, the last of the Saljfiks of Persia. A supplement to this section is added 
in the Calcutta and the East India House MSS., and is also to be found among 
the Lakhiiau fragments, continuing the history, and comprising that of the Kings 
of Khirizm. A portion of the history of the last-named dynasty is likewise ex- 
isting in Colonel Baillie*s MS. This supplement seems, therefore, to have formed 
part of the original work. It was composed by Abti H^mid Ben Muhammad 
Ben Ibr&him, in a.h. 599 (a.d. 1202). 

3 This treatise is extracted from the Tauzfh&t-i Rashfdf ; it is only found in 
the present MS., and in the MSS. of Calcutta and the East India House, but it 
probably was incorporated into the original work. 



(5) 

like manner Persian yersions were made of every work written by 
him in Arabic, in order that his labours might be rendered more gene- 
rally useful.^ Sir Henry Elliot, however, states that it is certain no 
Persian copies of the Jdmi' at-Tawarikh existed in India in Akbar s 
time, since that Emperor directed a translation of it to be made from 
the Arabic into Persian. Sir Henry adds : '' It does not exactly 
appear from the text [of Badduni] whether this was an abridgment or 
a translation, but the portion which was completed by Abdu-1-Kddir 
is distinctly said to have been translated from the Arabic/' ' 

It will not be out of place here to give a short account of the five 
MSS. to which I have alluded, and of the circumstances which led to 
their discovery. They are as follows : 

I. A volume (indeed the larger portion of the identical volume 
of whicb the present MS. originally formed a part), containing the 
following fragments of the Arabic version. The history of Persia 
and Arabia^ from the earliest times to the birth of Muhammad, com- 
prising an account of the patriarchs and prophets, and of Alexander 
the Great and his successors. The genealogy and birth of Mu- 
hammad, and tbe history of his life and of his successors, down to the 
capture of Baghddd, by HUldku Khdn, in a.h. 656 (a.d. 1258). This 
part is imperfect, but the missing portion is partly supplied by the 
first seven leaves of the present MS. The history of Persia under 
the Ghaznawi, the SaljUki, and the Atdbak dynasties, with an account 
of illustrious persons of other nations, particularly the Christians. 
Imperfect towards the end. The history of the Kings of Kh^rizro. 
Imperfect at the end. This MS. was found, soon after my discovery, 
by Dr. Forbes, who gave an account of it in the Journal of the 
Society.' The volume formerly belonged to Colonel Baillie, who 
constituted it an h^ir-loom, and it is now deposited in the family man* ^ 
sion in Inverness-shire. 

II. A MS. in Persian, found by Professor Falconer, in the library 
of the East India House. Of this MS« I gave a description in the 
Society's Journal, where its contents will be found in detail.^ It com- 
prises the whole work, with the exception of Uljditti's life, and the 
geographical volume. This MS. was transcribed in a.h. 10S2 
(A.D. 1671). 

III. A MS. in Persian, presented to the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 

1 Collection Orientale. Tome i. M^moire, &c., p. exxxiv. 
^ Bibliographical Index of the historians of Muhammedan India. By 
H. M. ElUot, Esq. 8vo. Calcutta, 1849. Vol. i. p. 17 
' Jour. Roy. As. Soc vol. vL p. 33. 
« Ibid. vol. vii. p. 2ri7. 



(6) 

by the late Sir John Malcolm^ and disoovered there on search being 
made for it at the instance of Sir Henry Elliot, who has given a table 
x)f its contents in his Bibliographical Index of the Historians of India.^ 
This MS. contains the same matter as that of the East India House, 
but differently arranged, and omitting the Tdrikh-i Ghdzani. It was 
transcribed in a.h. 1098 (a.d. 1686). 

TV. A MS. in Persian, formerly belonging to Mr. Rich, who pur- 
chased it at Baghddd, in 1818, and now deposited in the British 
Museum.' This volume, which is alluded to by Dr. Dom, in the 
prefsEkce to his History of the Afghans,' was most unaccountably and 
carelessly mislaid for several years, and was not forthcoming in 1 838 
when I made inquiry for it. It was eventnally found in 1847, at the 
request of Mr. Thomas, who wished to consult it in furtherance of his 
numismatic researches. The contents of this MS. coincides with that 
of the East India House, and the matter comprised is arranged in 
an almost exactly similar order, the Tdrikh-i Ghdzdni, in both MSS., 
occurring at the end. The treatise on the transmigration of souls is, 
however, omitted. It is written by different hands, and has no date 
of transcription. Being stamped in several places with a seal 

bearing the following inscription jj^Jl \j\j ^L^ill ^j ^\ ,^^Ju*Ad- 

^lkL» *\A,s^9 Mr. Rich supposed that it must have belonged to 
Ulj^itii Sultdn himself,^ who, as is well known, was called 
Muhammad Khnddbandah ; but as regards the proper name the 
inscription is vague, the character in which it is written is quite 
different from that which appears on the coins of the period ; 
and moreover, from the general appearance of ^the MS., I think 
that so early a date cannot be assigned to any part of it.' From 

1 Elliot, Bibl. Index, vol. i. p. 19. 

' No. 7628 Addit. MSS. 

^ History of the Afghans, vol. i. pref. p. xv. 

^ I believe the note on the fly-leaf, in which this is stated, to be in Mr. Rich's 
handwriting. 

^ Sir H. Elliot speaks of this MS. as written as early as a.d. 1314, four years 
before the author's death, but he had not, so far as I know, seen the MS. (Bibl. 
Index. Vol. i. p. 18.) The mere name on the seal might of course apply to any 
other Sult&n Muhanmiad. It is true that there does not happen to have been 
any other sovereign than Ulj^itU so called, at least in Persia, at the period the 
Jtoii* at-Taw^rikh was composed, but the MS. may have made the circuit of Asia 
between the time when it was written and when purchased by Mr. Rich, and may, 
meanwhile, have belonged to more than one monarch who bore the Prophet's 
name, ia India or elsewhere. The style of the handwriting on the seal seems 



(7) 

another seal on the MS.^ which is inscribed at follows : 

jjl^ ^j 8\J^ Jocill j^UaLJl iU>. S^ cT* '* seems, however, 

to be certain that the Tolnme was at one time the property of Shdh 
Rnkh, son of Timiir. At the head of the preface to the Tdrikh-i 
Gh^ani, the BismilUh is written in letters of gold in a fine hand ; and 

in the margin, in the same handiorUing, are the words ytJubjU k^ ; 

B^isanghar was the son of Sh^h Rukh, and if this Bismillah be his 
autograph, which there seems no reason to doubt, it is conclusire, and 
the MS. must have been transcribed previously to a.h. 850 (a.d. 
1446), when Shah Rukh died, and was succeeded by his son Ulugh B6g. 
V. Fragments in Persian, deposited in the Royal Library at 
Lakhnau, and wrongly entitled the T^rikh-i Sabuktagin. This MS. 
contains portions of the history of the Ghaznavides, of the Tdrikh 
al-Hind wa as-Sind, and of the histories of the Sdm^nides, the Dila- 
mites, the Saljtiks, the Khdrizm Shdhis, the Atdbaks of Fdrs, the 
Fatimites, and the Isma*ilis. These fragments are without a date, but 
as they appear to coincide exactly with the present MS., both in the 
style of the handwriting, and of the paintings by which they are illus- 
trated,^ it may be fairly inferred that they are of equal antiquity. 

more nearly to resemble that on the coins of the early Safawfyah Kings of Persia ; 
and the seal may perhaps be that of Muhammad Khudibandah Ben Tai* 
mlisp, the fourth monarch of that dynasty, who was proclaimed King of Persia in 
A.H. 985 (a.d. 1577), hut this is a mere conjecture. 

* I am enabled to state this with considerable certainty, as Sir Henry Elliot 
has kindly sent me a traced facsimile of a portion of the Lakhnau MS. The 
similarity is unmistakeable. I may here mention a curious MS. preserved in the 
library of the East India Company (No. 132), which is so nearly identical in ap- 
pearance with the Society's MS., and that at Lakhnau, that it may almost with cer- 
tainty be assumed that all three weie written by the same scribe. The hand- 
writing in the India House MS. is smaller than that in the others, but it bears 
the same character, and I have no hesitation in asserting that the paintings which 
illustrate the volumes are from the pencil of one arti&t. The East India Com- 
pany's MS. gives the name of the writer in two phices, where he signs himself 
'Abd al-Mtimin al-'Alawf al-Ktehf. It contains the Df wins of six poets, viz. : 
L Amir Mu*izzf. 2. Asfr ad-Dln Akhsfkasf. 3. Jal^l ad-Din Adlb Sibar 
Tirmizi. 4. Niz^m ad-Din Mahmtid Kamar Isfahdui. 5. Klizi Shams ad-Din 
Tabsf. 6. NlUu* Khusrti Balkhi. The third Diwto is stated to have been tran- 
scribed in the last ten days of Muharram a.h. 714 (a.d. 1314) ; the fifth in Z£ 
al-Ka*dat a.h. 713 (a.d. 1313), and the last in Zi al-Ka'dat a.h. 714 (a d. 1314). 
This precious volume was formerly the property of Sh^ Isnui'il, the first of the 
Safawiyah kings of Persia, and is stamped in numerous places with that monarch's 
seal. If the three MSS. were not written by 'Abd al-Mtimin they must be looked 
upon as detached specimens of a style of Oriental caligraphy, unlike anything 
that has prevailed before or since, either in Persia or elsewhere. 



(8) 

The present MS. comprises the following detached portions of the 
JkmV at-Tawarlkh : 

I. Fragments of the history of Mnhammad and his adherents, 
relating to the earliest times of the Tsl^m. Imperfect. 

II. The concluding portion of the history of Khit^ beginning 
with the eleventh race of Kings, and continuing the history until 
the time of Shdju (Cheon-Siu), the last of the Altdn Khdns, of 
the Jtirjah tribe, who was conquered by Uktdi Khdn, son of 
Changiz Kh^n, in a.h. 631 (a.d. 1233). Imperfect at the com- 
mencement. 

III. The history of Hind and Sind, comprising a short pre- 
face and two sections. Section I is divided into eleven chapters. 
1. On the different s&ras of the Hind(is. 2. The measurement 
of the earth. 3. The mountains and waters of Hind. 4. The 
countries, cities, and islands of Hind, and the inhabitants 
thereof. 5. The Sultdns of Dihli and the genealogies of the 
Kings of Hind. 6. The birth of Bdsdiv (Vasud^va) ; an ac- 
count of the Kings who reigned after him, to the time of Bhim 
P&l, son of Jaip^l II. ; of Mahm(id of Ghaznin ; and of the 
Ghurides, and the Kings of Dihli, to the time of *AM ad- 
Din Muhammad Shdh Khilji, who ruled when the author wrote 
this part of his work i.e., a.h. 703 (a.d. 1303). 7. A descrip- 
tion of Kashmir, its mountains, waters and cities, with an 
account of some of its Kings. 8. History of the Kings of Hind 
who reigned during the Krita Yug. 9. The Kings during the 
Trita Yug. 10. The Kings during the Dwapar Ytig. 11. The 
Kings during the Kalah Yug. Section II is divided into twenty- 
one chapters. 1. Account of the Prophets of Hind. 2. The 
birth of Shakmdni. 3. On the properties and signs of a perfect 
man. 4. On the disposition, habits, and sayings of Shakmiini. 
5. On the austerities of Shakmtini, and his incorporation with 
the divine essense. 6. The conclusion of his retirement from 
the world. 7. Account of the four cycles according to Shak- 
mHul. — (Here there occurs a lacuna in the history, in the midst 
of the seventh chapter; the next two pages are occupied by 
an account of certain books, and the advantages to be derived 
from their perusal; ^ and then follows chapter the seventeenth.)— 

' I subjoin a Ust of these books as given in the present MS. : 



(9) 

17. The questions put to Shdkmuni by the angels. 18. The 
information given by Shakmiini as to another prophet. 1 9. On 
Paradise and Hell, and things coniraauded and forbidden by 
Shakmiini. 20. On the establishment of Shdkm(inrs religion 
in Hind. 21. On the death of Shakmuni and his last actions. 
To this is added the treatise in refutation of the doctrine of 
Metempsychosis, from the Tauzlhat-i Rashidi, to which I have 
already aJluded. The history of Hind and Sind is perfect, with 
the exception of the lacuna above-mentioned. 

IV. — A fragment of the history of the Jews, comprising a 
short preface and an account of their prophets, patriarchs, and 
kings, from the creation to the time of Jonah. Imperfect at 
the end. 



«* W Ml Mr 

(jwJJii'j ^\ju jL\ jXasC 1^ J-3J C^jj \jbj\j\ ^J^J^\^ 

It will be seen that some of the books have specific names, no doubt of Indian 
origin, whilst others have no title, but merely an indication of the nature of their 
contents. These titles, where given, being foreign both to the author of the work 
and the transcriber of the MS., are, in common with all the Indian terms intro- 
duced in the history of Hind and Sind, very inaccurately rendered into the 
Arabic character. I think, however, on comparing them with the names of 
Buddhist works given by Mr. Hodgson and M. Bumouf (see Asiatic Res. vol. xti. ; 
Trans. Roy. Asiat. Soc., vol. ii. ; and Introduction k I'Histoire du Buddhisme 
Indien, tome L), we may fairly conclude that the first-named book is the Prajnd 
Pardmit^; the second the Graha M&trikd; the third the Pancha Rasha or 
Raksha ; and the fourth the Karanda Vytlha. The others are more donbtful, 
but the fifth may possibly be a Sangraha. It is to be remarked that this account 
of the books does not exist in any of the Persian versions (viz., the MSS. of the 
India House, the British Museum, and of Calcutta, of which last Sir H. Elliot 
has kindly sent me a transcript : the whole History of Sh&kmuni is omitted in 



(10) 

Sir Henry Elliot has published two extracts from the Jimi' 
at-Tawarikh. The first is taken from the continuation of the history 
of the Saljuks and the second relates to the Geography of India.^ 
The portion of the T^rikh-i Ghizdni which contains the life of 
HuMkti Khdn^ has also been edited in the original Persian, accom- 
panied by a version in French, .by the learned M. Quatrem^re. This 
edition is enriched by numerous invaluable notes, and forms the 
first volume of that truly magnificent publication the '' Collection 
Orientale." * 

Foil. 59. Thirty- five lines in a page. Well written in the Naskh 
character, but with a constant omission of the diacritical points, and 
illustrated by one hundred paintings executed in a much higher style 
of art than is usually to be found in Oriental MSS. In the fragmetits 
relating to the history of Muhammad, there is a curious painting 
of the siege of the fortress of the Beni Nuzair, in which there is a 
portrait of the Prophet. He is represented on horseback, and an 
angel is hovering over him holding in one hand a flask and in the 
other a cup. In general, as is well known, Eastern artists refrain 
from depicting the sacred features of Muhammad, substituting, in 
place of the head, a flame or glory. Mr. Bland indeed possesses in 
his inestimable collection, a MS. in which there is a portrait of the 
Prophet; but, with that exception, this is the only instance 1 know of 

the Lakhnau fragments), in all of which the chapter containmg the questions put by 
the angels, is numbered as the sixteenth, and not the seventeenth, as in the Arabic 
version ; and that they give only twenty chapters in all, instead of twenty-one. 
I may add, that the books are not mentioned in the Tlirikh-i Binikitl (described 
infra Nos. xiil. xiv.), which is an abridgement of the Jimi* at-Taw^rikh. The 
chapters missiag in the Arabic version, and supplied by the Persian copies, are 
eight in number ; they immediately follow the seventh chapter on the four cycles, 
and are numbered respectively from eight to fifteen. They treat almost exclu- 
sively of the doctrine of metempsychosis, explaining, amongst other things, the 

six degrees (c,.^'!-^) i^ the transmigration of souls, and detailing the circum- 
stances which govern the degree of a man*s future existence, \.e», whether he will 
reappear in one of the eight hells, in the form of a Div, as a brute, in the human 
shape, in that degree which is between mankind and angels, or in that of an angel 

( CLIJ *JjJ-^ MS. of the Brit. Mus.). The fifteenth chapter relates to the 

two last-named degrees, and is followed by Chapter 16 on the questions. This 
missing portion occupies nine pages, of twenty-five lines each, in the MS. of the 
East India House, and would fill about six pages in the present MS. 

1 Elliot, Bibl. Index, vol. i. p. 23 et seq. 

3 Collection Orientale. Histoire des Mongols de la Perse, dcrite en Persau 
par Baschid-eldin ; publi^e, traduite en Franqais, accompagn^ de notes, et d'un 
m^moire sur la vie et les ouvrages de Tauteur par M. Quatrem^re. Tome i. 
Fol. Paris, 1836. 



(11) 

in which his features are pourtrayed. The date of transcription 
namely a.h. 714 (a.d. 1314), occurs at the end of the history of Hind 
and Sind, and since Haidar Rdzi says that Rashid ad- Din wrote that 
portion of the Jdmi' at-Tawdrikh in a.h. 703 (a.d. 1303) the pre- 
sent MS. was transcribed only eleven lunar years subsequent to the 
composition of the original work, four years previous to the death of 
the author, and most probably under his own immediate inspection.^ 
Sixe 17^ in. by 12 in. (General Harriot.) 



e^j^yi' 



II. 



JAmi* at-TawArikh. — A portion of the Arabic version of Rashid 
ad-Din's history, with an interlinear translation in Persian, com- 
mencing with the eleventh chapter of section I. of the Tdrikh al- 
Hind wa as-Sind, and containing the history of Shakmiini. This MS. 
was most probably copied from that last described, as a blank is left 
where the lacuna occurs in the latter, and the transcriber notices in 
the margin that a leaf was wanting in the original. 

FoU. 33. Twenty lines in a page. The text written in the Naskh 
and the translation in the Nasta'lik character in a.d. 1823. 

Size 13 in. by 9^ in. (Colonel Francklin.) 

III. 

Al-Mukaddamat Ff at-TArikh. — The historical prolegomena of 
Ibn Khaldfin. The full title of the prolegomena as given by H&jjji 

J jJl . Al-'Ibar wa Diwdn al-Mubtadd wa al-Khabar fi AyjAm 

al-'Arab wa al-'Ajam wa al-Barbar.' It contains a preface and three 
parts or treatises.' 

' Journ. Roy. As. Soe. vol. vi. p. 30. 
H 6j. Khalf., torn. iv. p. 183. 

' The Baron Hammer-Purgstall inserted a full detail of the contents of the 
first five books of Part I. in the Journal Asiatique, (Tome i. p. 267 ei seq.j and 
H. Garcin de Tassy added that of the sixth book in a subsequent volume of the 
same Journal (tome iv. pp. 158-9). See also a paper by M. Schultz in the 
Jonmal Asiatique (tome vii. p. 219, and p. 279 #/ seq,) 



(12 
Preface. — On the excellence of bibtory. 

Part I. — The human race considered as a society, and all the 

accidents of that society. It is to this first treatise that the 

title of Prolegomena is usually given, so that such title has 
become, as it were, its distinctive name. 

Part II. — History of the Arabs from the beginning of the 
world; and of the contemporary Slates. 

Part III. — History of the Musulman dynasties and of the 
Barbars of the Maghrib. 

The Kdzi al-Kuzdt Ab(i Zaid 'Abd ar-Rahman Ben Muhammad 
Ibn Khald(in al-Ishbili al-Hazrami, surnamed Wall ad-Din, was born 
at Tunis in a.h. 732 (a.d. 1331). Having lost his father and mother 
by the pli^ue in a.h. 749 (a.d. 1348;, he entered into the service of 
the governor of Tunis, In a.h. 784 (a.d. 1382) he quitted that city, 
and went, first to Alexandria, and from thesce to Cairo, where he 
established himself. The Sultdn Barkuk appointed him Kdzi al-Kuzdt 
of the Mdliki sect in a.h. 786 (a.d. 1384), but his firmness in 
resisting the recommendations and supplications of the grandees of 
the court caused him to be deposed in a.h. 787 (a.d. 1385). Having 
been again appointed chief Kdzi in a.h. 801 (a.d. 1398), the death of 
Barkiik, which happened soon afterwards, caused him once more to 
lose his post. He accompanied the Sultan Malik an-Nasr Faraj into 
Syria, and was at Damascus when that city was taken by Timur, who 
treated him with the greatest consideration. When Timur returned 
to his own country, Ibn Khaldiin went back to Cairo. In a.h. 803 
(a.d. 1400) he was a third time appointed Kdzi al-Kuzdt, and after 
having subsequently been several times deprived of the office and 
re-appointed, he died suddenly in a.h. 808 (a.d. 1405) at the advanced 
age of seventynsix years and twenty-five days.* 

Extracts from Ibn Khaldiin have been published by Lanci,' 



1 Silvestre de Sacy, Chrestomathie Arabe, tome L p. 390, 2ine edit. Haj. 
Khalf, torn. IL p. 101. The fnllest particulars of Ibn Khaldtin's life are given in 
a tranBlation of his autobiography by M. De Slane ( Joum. Aaiat 4me s^rie, 1 iii. 
pp. 5-60, 187-210, 291-308, 325-363.) And see the Introduction to the transla- 
tion of the History of the Barbars by the same Orientalist. (Histoire des 
Berb^res, t i. Bvo, Alger. 1862, introd. pp. xxxYi-lxii.) 

^ Dissertazione storico-critica di Michele Angelo Lanci, Romano, sii gli 
Omireni e loro forme di serivere, trorate ne* codici Vatieani, 8yo. Roma, 1820. 



(13) 

Coquebert de Montbret/ Silvestre de Sacj,* Tornberg,' and 
Des vergers/ The text of the last section of Part II. and of tho 
whole of Part III., treating of the history of the Barbars, has been 
edited by the Baron Mo.Guckin de Slane, and printed at Algiers by 
order of the Minister of War/ and the same learned Orientalist has 
lately published the first volume of a French translation of the text, 
with an introduction, notes, and appendices, which leave nothing to 
desire for the elucidation of the history of the time, places, and 
people treated of in this important portion of Ibn Khald(in*s great 
work.* 

The present MS. comprises detached portions of the third treatise 
relating to the history of the Barbars of the Maghrib. 

Foil. 45. Twenty-four lines in a page. Written in Naskh. 

Size 12f in. by 8 in. 

1 Eztrait des prolegomenes historiques d'Ibn Ehaldoun, traduit de I'Arabe 
avec roriginal k la suite, de Tart de I'architectore. Par E. Coquebert de Mont- 
bret, 8yo, Paris, 1827. 

3 Chrestomathie Arabe, tome i. p. 370; tume it pp. 279, 280, 307 (2me 
^dit.) 

s Ibn Khalduni narratio de expeditionibus Francorum in terras Islamismo 
Bubjectas. E oodicibus Bodleianis edidit et Latine vertit C. J. Tomberg, 4to, 
Upsalin, 1840. 

* ^istoire de F Afrique sous la dynastie des Aghlabites, et de la Sicile sous la 
domination Musulm&ne, texte Arabe d*Ebn Khaldoun, accompagn^e d*une traduc- 
tion Fran^aise et de notes par M. A. Noil Desvergers, 8yo, Paris, 1841. 

• c!)jJ^ Ui'^ ^T^V iJ^XJ\ JjJJl ^>~ C->U^. Htatoire 

des Berbires et des dynasties Musulmanes de TAfrique septentrionale, par Abou- 
zeid Abd-er-Bahman Ibn-Mobammed Ibn-Khaldoun. Texte Arabe colIatiomi<^ 
sur plusieurs M8S par M. le Baron de Slane, 4to, Paris, 2 tomes, 1847-51. 

« Histoire des Berb^res et des dynasties Musulmanes de TAfrique septen- 
trionale, par Ibn-Khaldoun, traduite de T Arabe par M. Le Baron de Slane, tome i. 
8yo. Alger, 1862. 

II.— PARTICULAR HISTORY. 

IV. 

TuHFAT AL-MujAHiDfN. — A history of the first settlement of the 
Muhammadans in Malabar, and of their subsequent struggles with the 
Portuguese, by the Shaikh Zain ad-Din al-Ma'burl, who dedicated his 



(U) 

work to 'All 'Adil Shdh, the fifth monarch of the 'Adilsh^hi dynasty 
of BijdpHr.^ Firishtah, according to hia own statement, took his 
brief account of Malabar from the work of the Shaikh Zain ad-Din. 

The Tuhfat al-Mnj^hidin has been translated by Lieutenant Row- 
landson, and was published by the Oriental Translation Committee in 
the year 1833.^ 

Foil. 43. Fourteen lines in a page. Well written in the Naskh 
character in a.h. 1246 (a.d. 1830.) 

Size 9 in. by 7 in. (Lieutenant Rowlandson.) 

^ 'AU 'Adil Shiih came to the throne in a.h. 965 (a.d. 1557.) 
* Tolifat*iil-Mujahideen, an historical work in the Arahic huiguafie. Trans- 
lated by Lieut. M. J. Rowlandson, Syo. London* 1833. Printed for the Oriental 
Translation Fund. 



(15) 



PERSIAN. 

I.— HISTORIES OF MUHAMMAD, HIS COMPANIONS AND 

IMMEDIATE SUCCESSORS. 

V. 

Rauzat al-AhbXb pi SiYAR an-NabI wa al-Al wa al- 
AshIb.^ — A history of the life and actions of Muhammad, his Com- 
panions, and their disciples, in three books, bj Jam^l ad-Din 'At^ 
Allah Ben Fazl Allah ash-Shirdzi an-Nishdbtiri, who dedicated his 
work to the Wazir Mir 'All Shir of Hirdt, in a.h. 900 (a.d. 1494.) 

Contents : — 

Book I. — The genealogy of Muhammad ; account of his birth^ 
and a history of his life to the time of his death ; account of his 
wives and children, his miracles, attributes, manners, habits, dis- 
position and qualities, and of his servants and freedmen. 

Book II. — Account of the Companions of the Prophet, and 
their genealogies. 

Book TIL — Account of the disciples of the Companions, of the 
pupils of the disciples, and of traditionists and other learned men 
who lived subsequently, and were famous for their piety and 
zeal in the faith. 

Foil. 441. Nineteen lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik. 
Size 10| in. by 6 in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

VI. 

Rauzat al-Ahb1b pi Sitar an-NabI wa al-Al wa al- 
AshIb. — The first portion of the preceding work, concluding with the 
events of a.h. 4 (a.d. 625.) 

Foil. 199. Twenty lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik in 
A.H. 999 (a.d. 1590.) Imperfect at the end. 

Size llj in. by 7} in. (Major D. Price.) 

> Hij. Khalf. torn. iii. p. 495. 



(16) 
VII. 

ManAkib AL-MuRTAZAwi. — The virtues of *Ali Ben Abi Tilib, 
in twelve books, bj Amir Muhammad Sdlih al-Husainl, containing 
the evidences of the Knrdn and the prophetic traditions ^ with respect 
to *Ali; an account of his marriage with Fdtimah; his science, 
virtues, and good qualities ; his holiness, chastity, munificence, valour, 
and accomplishments; his accession to the Khildfat, and his death. 

Foil. 416. Fourteen lines in a page. Well written in a large 
Nasta'lik hand. 

Size 1 If in. bj 7^ in. (Major D. Price.) 

VIII. 

FuTUH A'sAM. — A history of the immediate successors of Muham- 
mad and the early conquests of the Musulm^ns. 

•This work was originally written in Arabic, by Ahmad Ben 
A*sam al-Kfifi;' but is chiefly known through the Persian version 
made by Muhammad Ibn Ahmad al-Mustaufi al-Harawi, as we learn 
from his preface, in a.h. 596 (a.d. 1199). 

The present volume comprises the Persian version of the history 
from the death of the Prophet to the accession of Yazid in a.h. 60 
(a.d. 679), and the martyrdom of the Imdm Husain at Karbald.' 

1 The traditions (Sunnah or Hadfs) are divided into two classes, viz., the 
Holy (Kads), which are supposed to have heen communicated directly to 
Mohammad hy the Angel Gkhriel ; and the Prophetic (Nabawf) or those which 
are from the Prophet's own month, and are not considered as inspired. Other less 
important divisions and snbdivisions of the traditions have been made, classing 
them according to their respective value and authenticity, or the periods when 
they were first known or collected. 

' H^jjf Khalfah gives the name of author of the Futiih A*8am, as Muhammad 
Ben 'Al£, known by the name of A*sam al-Etif f (H&j. Khali tom. iv. p. 385) ; 
he is however called as above in the Persian version, and also in the preface to 
the Nig^ristin of ' Abd ' al-Ghaififlr. In different copies formerly belonging to Sir 
W. Ooseley, the author is named Abd Muhammad Ahmad Ben A*sam al-Ktif i, or 
simply Ahmad Ben A*sam al-Etif (, as in the text See Critical Essay on various 
immuseript works, Arabic and Persian. Translated by J. C. 8vo. Lond. 1832, 
p. 24, note. Printed for the Oriental Translation Fund. 

> The priBsent MS. is the only one of the Futtih A*sam that I have seen, and I 
am not therefore aware whether it comprises the whole work or merely a portion 
of it. Dr. Sprenger, however, informs me that the Persian work ends with an 
account of Hasan and Husain. He also states that it is sometimes calledlthe 
T&rikh-i Khulafi ar-Rfehidin, and that he believes it to be a forgery, as he has 
never seen it quoted by any respectable Arabic author. 



(17) 

The text and translation of some short extracts from this work 
will be foand in Sir William Ooseley^s Oriemtal Collections;^ they 
were afterwards repablished, with a Latin translation^ by Wilken.' 

Foil. 855. Seventeen lines in a page. Well wifitten in Nasta'lik 
in A.H. 1242 (a.d. 1826.) 

Size 1 If in. by 8 in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 

II.— GENERAL HISTORY. 
IX. 

TAriKH>i Tabari. — A general history^ from the earliest times, by 
Abii Ja'far Mahammad Ben Jarir Ben Yazld at-Tabari, who com- 
posed his work in the Arabic language abont a.h. 300 (a.d. 912), and 

entitled it cJAll j M^'i\ f^Jo Tdrikh al-Umam wa al-Muluk. 

At-Tabari was bom at Amul in Tabaristdn, in a.h. 224 (a.d. 838), 
and died at Baghddd in a.h. 310 (a.d. 922). He was celebrated for 
his great learning, and was pre-eminent in the sciences of the inter- 
pretation of the Knrdn, the Sunnah, Jurisprudence, and History. He 
was also one of tbe Mujtahid Imdms, as he relied on his own inter- 
pretation of the law without reference to the opinions of other doctors, 
and founded a sect of his own, which however did not long survive 
him.' 

The chronicle of At- Tabari, as originally written in Arabic, com- 
prised about twenty parts, of which, until very lately, only the third, 
fifth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth were known.^ Dr. Sprenger has 
however recently discovered some of the lost portions containing that 
part of the annals which relates to the origin of the Isldm. This 
lost part was found by Dr. Sprenger at Cawnpore, in January, 1850. 

Albert SchuUens edited portions of the third part of the Arabic 
work relating to the history of the Himyaritic Arabs;* and Pro- 

» Vol. i. pp. 63, 161, 333. Vol. ii. p. 68. 

^ Institationes ad fundamenta Linguse Persicse, 8yo, Lips. 1806, p. 162 ei teq, 
Auctarium ad Chrestomathiam by the same author, p. 31 et seq. 

> De Slane*s Ibn Khallikan, vol. ii. p. 39?. WUstenfeld*s An-Nawawf, p. 100, 
H^j. Khalf. torn. ii. p. 136. Hamaker, Specimen Catalog!, p. 19 ei seq. Kose- 
garten, Tabaristanensis Annales, Preefatio. 

^ Hamaker, p. \9 et teq. Kosegarten, prsef. p. iv. et seq. 

* Historia imperii vetustissimi Joctanidarnm, ex Abulfeda, &c., excerpta, ab 
Alberto Schnltens. 4 to, Harderov. Gelrov. l^Vfi, 

c 



(18) 

fessor Kosegarten has since published the Arabic text of the fifth 
part, with a Latin translation, comprising the history of Isldmism 
from the death of Muhammad to the battle of Kddisiyah and the 
foundation of the city of Basrah.^ 

Although the T&rikh-i Tabari has only partially come down 
to us in the original, we have the entire work in translation. In 
AH. 352 (a.d. 963) Ab(i Sdlih Manstir Ben Ntih Ben Nasr Ben 
Ahmad as-Sdmdnl, who then reigned in Khurdsdn, commanded his 
Wazir Abii 'All Muhammad Ben Muhammad Ben 'Abd Allah al- 
BaFami, to translate the Arabic work of At-Tabari into Persian. 
The history was continued by Abd Muhammad 'Abd Allah Ben Mu- 

hammad al-Farghdni, who entitled his appendix !\^\ As-Silat, 

and also by Ab(i al-Hasan Muhammad Ben 'Abd al-Malik Ben Ibrdhim 
Ben Ahmad al-Hamaddni, who died in a.h. 521 (a.d. 1127).' It was 
likewise translated into Turkish by order of a certain Ahmad Psushd, 
but by whom, or at what precise period, seems doubtful. BaFami's 
version was rendered into the Chaghtai language, in a.h. 928 or 938 
(a.d. 1521, or 1531), by Wahidi al-Balkhi, the librarian of Kuch- 
ktinji Khdn, the Uzbak ; and it was also translated into Arabic Hy 
Khizr Ben Khizr al-Amidi, about a.h. 935 (a.d. 1528). The trans- 
lation by BaFami is curious in a philological point of view, as it is 
the oldest work in the modern Persian language with which we are 
acquainted. The style is remarkably easy and simple, and words of 
Semitic origin are but rarely introduced. Bal'ami has omitted in his 
translation the Isnads, or authorities, which are enumerated by At- 
Tabarl, and almost all the Arabic verses : he has in addition greatly 
abridged his original, though at the same time he has added much 
new matter. 

The Turkish translation was printed at Constantinople, in the year 
1844,^ and many years since M. Dubeux commenced a translation in 
French of Bal'amfs version, the first livraison only of which has been 
published.* 

The present MS. contains Bal'ami's Persian translation, and con- 

* Taberistanensis Annales regum atque legatomm Dei, ex codice manuscripto 
Beiolinensi Arabice edidit et in Latinum transtulit J. G. L. Kosegarten. VoL i. 
ii. iu. 4to. Gryphiswaldise, 1831-38-52. 

a H4j. Khalf. Tom. iL p. 136-37. 

^<U^ J jJsJ^ (^ji^ ^ ^^^ ^^^*^' Constantinople, 1844. 

^ Chronique d' Abou Djafar Mohammed Tabari ; traduite sur la version Persane 
d*Abou All Mohammed Belami, par Louis Dubeux. Tome i. 4to. Paris, 183^ 
Printed for the Oriental Translation Fund. 



(19) 

tiunes the history to the death of the Khalifah Al-Mastarshid Billah^ 
in A.H. 529 (a.d. 1134). As this was lou^ after Baramfs death, the 
continaatioa lunst have been added bj some other writer. 

Al-Bal'ami has not divided his version in the convenient and sys- 
tematic manner usually observed by Oriental writers, but has merely 
separated it into chapters of greater or less length. As the order 
observed is for the most part chronological, the account of a dynasty 
or race is thus often split into several portions, between which occur 
relations of other events. This renders the history before the time 
of Muhammad somewhat confused, but at the same time the arrange- 
ment has the advantage of presenting contemporary occurrences 
together, or nearly so, and thus obviates the necessity of reference. 

Contents : — 

Translator s Preface.^ — Preface by At-Tabari. Accounts of the 
Creation. Answers of Muhammad to certain questions put to him 
by the Jews. Patriarchs and Prophets from Adam to Idris. Kings 
of Persia from Kayumars to Biwarasp. Noah. Zahhdk and Fa- 
ridun. The Prophet H6d (Eber). The tribes of 'Ad and Samud. 
Salih. Abraham, Nimrod, Lot, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, Esau, Joseph 
and his brothers. Shu'aib (Jethro). Minuchihr, King of Persia. 
Moses. Kdrun. Aaron. Joshua, son of Ntin. Zaww, son of 
Tahmdsp, son of Minuchihr, who was conquered by Afr^iydb. 
Kaikubad, first of the Kaidnians of Persia. The Prophets Zd al- 
Kafl, Elias, Isaiah, and Samuel. Saul. David. Lukm^n. Solo- 
mon. Balkls, Queen of Sheba. Kai K^wtis, the second of the 
Kaianians of Persia, and his successor Kai Khusrii. Rehoboam. 
Asa. Kings of Israel after Asa. Kaianians of Persia, from 
Luhr^p to Bahman Ben Isfandiydr. Nebuchadnezzar. Kings of 
Yaman from the time of Kai K^wiis to that of Bahman. Kdianians 
of Persia from Bahman to Ddrd Ben Ddrdb. Alexander the Great. 
Kings of Riim after Alexander (Ptolemies). Ashkanians. The 
Prophet Zachariah. The Virgin Mary. John the Baptist. Jesus 
Christ. Roman Emperors. Kings of Arabia after the Ashkd- 
nians, to the time of Ardashir Ben Bdbak. Juzaimah al-Abrash. 
The tribes of Tasam and Jadis. The Seven Sleepers. Jonah. 
Samson. St. George. The Sasanians, from Ardashir Ben Bdbak 
to Kubdd Ben Firuz. Kings of Arabia in the time of Kubad Ben 

» The preface in the present MS. begins with the words \j^\ ^ (Xi^\ 

L*^l a8 8tatedbyHlljjiKhalfah(Tom.ii.p. 136). The translator's name is not 

mentioned. 

c2 



(20) 

Firiiz. Nushirwan. Kings of Yaman, from Tabba' al-Akbar. 
Rabi'ah Ben Nasr al-Lakhmi. Hassdn Ben Rabi'ab. Hanififth. 
The Abyssinian invasion. Abrahak. Zd al-Yazan. Saif Ben Z6 
al-Yazau. Continuation of the history of Niishirwdn. Birth 
of Muhammad. Account of his childhood. Death of Ntishirwdn. 
Bahrdm Chtibln^and the S^dnians to the time of Yazdajird, the 
last of the dynasty. The genealogy of Muhammad, and a history 
his life. History of the successors of Muhammad, to the death of 
of AlMnstarshid Billah, in a.h. 529 (a.d. 1134). 

Foil. 351. Thirty-three lines in a page. Well written in the 
Naskh character, in a.h. 701 (a.d. 1301). The first four and the last 
two leaves of this fine old MS. have been supplied by a more modem 
hand, but in the colophon it is stated that the copy was completed by 
Muhammad Shah Ben *Ali Ben Mahmtid Ben Shdd Bakht al-Hafiz al- 
Isfahdni, on the 18th of the month Shawal a.h. 701 (a.d. 1302), and 
to this is added, in the same handwriting : ^^ This leaf was transcribed 

from the original copy (J^^ '^Is:***^)? and this was the date of it." 

There seems to be no reason to doubt that the information thus given 
is accurate, and that the first and last leaves were re -written, in con- 
sequence of injury having occurred to the MS., which, from its ap- 
pearance and the style of the handwriting, is certaiidy as old as the 
first half of the eighth century of the Hijrah. The Dais are always 
marked with a diacritical point, whenever they are preceded by an 
Alif, a Wdw, or a Yd, or any letter affected by a vowel, a peculiarity 
which is only fonnd in MSS. of considerable antiquity. 
Size, 1 2f in. by 9^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

X. 

TIrikh-i Tabari. — The Persian version of the Chronicle of At- 
Tabari, by Bal'ami. The preface in the present MS. differs from that 
in the one last described^ and the name of the translator is men- 
tioned. This MS. brings down the history to the reign of the Khalifah 
Al-Kd'im Biamr Illah, who succeeded to the Khildfat in a.h. 422 (a.d. 
1030). It is divided into two distinct portions, the second of which 
commences with the genealogy of Muhammad. 

Foil. 451. Twenty-seven lines in a page. Well written in a 
small Naskh character. There is no date of transcription, but the 

> Itcommoneesthus: ^jbjjl^ S^^*^^^ (ji/^J C^^ 



(21) 

MS. is eyidently of considerable antiquity, and the Ddls have the dia- 
critical points nnder the circumstances already mentioned. Imperfect 
at the end. 

Size 9| in. by 6^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

XI. 

TArxkh-i Tabari. — Bal'ami's version of At-Tabari's history. The 
preface in this MS. differs from both those last described/ the name 
of the translator is omitted, and the text is, throughout, fuller in the 
details. The additions have doubtless been made by successiye tran- 
scribers. The present volume ends with the death of the Khalifah 
Al-Mam(in in a.h. 218 (a.d. 833), and the accession of Al-Mu'tasim 
BUlah. 

Foil. 344. Twenty-four lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Nasta'llk hand, in a.h. 988 (a.d. 1580). The last leaf has been 
mutilated, so that it is not quite certain that this is the date of 
transcription.' 

Size 13 in. by 9j[ in. (Major D. Price.) 

XII. ^..A^ -^ 

TabakAt-i NlsiRi. — ^A general history from the earliest times to ^ V 
A.H. 658 (a.d. 1259) by Ab(i 'Umar 'Usmdn Ben Muhammad Al-I^ Ut'^t^ 
Minhaj Ben Sirdj al-Juzjdnl, who completed his work in that year. J 

I have not been able to procure any account of the author, except 
some scanty details that may be gathered from his work itself. From 
these it appears that his father MuUd Sirdj ad-Din Minhaj, was Kdzi 
of the army of Hindiistdn, in the time of Muhammad Ben Sam Ghtiri, 
in A.H. 582 (a.d. 1186) ; that the author himself went from Ghtir and 
Khurdsdn to Sind, Uchah, andMult^n, in a.h. 625 (a.d. 1227), during 
the reign of Altamish, and that he was at Lakhnauti in a.h. 641 



1 The first words are ]^^U. C^;-.i>- (jy.ljw»j^ 

' There is a colophon added in the margin, in which Baranif *s name is men- 
tioned, and the date ^ven as a.h. 744 (a.d. 1343). This was perhaps the date of 
the original, from which the present MS. was transcribed ; for from its appearunce 
it is certainly more modem by at least a coaple of centuries. 



(22) 

^A.D. 1213). Firishtah states tbat he gained the prize for poetry at 
the coronation of his patron N^sir ad-Din Mahmtid.^ 

The Tabakdt-i Ndsiri is divided into twenty-three books, and 
contains as follows : 

Author's preface, in which he dedicates his work to Abti al-Mu- 
zaffar Ndsir ad-Din Mahmtid Ibn as-Sultau Altamish, King of 
Dihli. 

Book I. — Account of the Prophets and Patriarchs ; of Jesus 
Christ j of Ishmael and the ancestors of Muhammad ; and a his- 
tory of Muhammad himself, to the day of his death. 

Book II. — History of the first four Khalifahs ; of the descendants 
of 'All, and of the ten Mubashshir. 

Book III. — The Khalifahs of the Bani Umayyah. 

Book IV. — The Khali&hs of the Bani * Abbas, to the extinction 
of the Khilafat iuA.H. 656 (a.d. 1258). 

Book V. — The history of the early Kings of Persia, comprising 
the P^shdadians ; the Kaidnians j the Ashkdnians ; the S^usd- 
nians ; and the Akdsirah from Nushirwan to Yazdajird. 

Book VI. — History of the Kings of Yaman, from Hdris ar-Raish 
to Bdddn, who was converted to the Islam.* 

Book VII. — History of the Tahirides from the time of T&hir 
Zu al-Yumnain to that of Muhammad Ben Tdhir, the last King 
of the dynasty, who was conquered by Ya'k6b Lais in a.h. 259 
(a.d. 872). 

Book VIII. — History of the Suffdrides, from Ya'k6b Lais to the 
death of 'Amrii Lais in a.h. 289 (a.d. 901). 

Book IX. — History of the Samanides, from their origin to 
A.H. 389 (a.d. 998), when 'Abd al-Malik Ben Niih was sent as a 
captive to Uzjand. 

Book X. — History of the Buwaihides^ from their origin to the 
time of Abu al-Fawaris Sharaf ad-Daulah. 

Book XI. — History of the Ghaznavides from Sabuktagin to 
the death of Khusrti Malik in a.h. 598 (ad, 1201).» 

Book XII. — History of the S'aljuks of Persia, from their origin 
to the death of Sultdn Sanjar in a.h. 552 (a.d. 1157) ; of the 
Saljuks of Bum and 'Ir^k, from their origin to the time of Rukn 

1 Briggs, History of the Mahomedan power in India, 4 vols. 8yo. Lond. 1829. 

voL i. p. 236. 

3 Ehusrfi Malik was conquered and imprisoned in a.h. 583 (a.d. 1187): the 
dates of his defeat and subsequent death are not mentioned in the present MS., 
but they occur in a MS. in the East India House (No. 1952), the only other copy 
of the work that I have seen. 



(23) 

ad-Bin Kilij ArsMn ; and an acoonnt of Taghril Ben Tughril, 
to his death, and the conquest of 'Irak by Takash, King of 
Kharizm. 

Book XIII. — History of the Sanjariyah Kings, viz. : 1. The 
At^baks of 'Irak and Azarbaijdn, from the time of the Atabak 
Alaptagin to that of the Atabak Abd Bakr Ben Muhammad. 
2. The Atabaks of Fars, from Sankar to the time of the Atabak 
Abu Bakr Ben Sa'd Ben Zangi, a.h. 658 (a.d. 1259), when the 
author wrote. 3. The Kings of Nishapur, from Malik al- 
Muayyad as-Sanjarl to the defeat and capture of Sanjar Shah 
Ben Tughan Shdh, by Takash, King of Khirizm. 

Book XIV. — History of the Kings of Nimrdz, and Sijistan, from 
Tahir Ben Muhammad to Tdj ad-Din Niyaltagin Kharizml, who 
was slain by the Mongols in a.h. 625 (a.d. 1227). 

Book XV. — History of the Knrdiyah Kings, viz : The Atabaks 
of Syria, Ntir ad-Din Zangi, and Malik as-Salih ; and the 
Ayydbites of Egypt, from the time of Ayyub to the death of Malik 
as-Salih Ben Malik al-Kamil. 

Book XVI. — History of the Kharizmians, from their origin to 
the. death of Jalal ad- Din Mankbami, in a.h. 629 (a.d. 1231). 

Book XVII. — History of the Shansabaniyah ^ Sultans of Ghur, 
from the origin of the family to the time of 'Ala ad-Din Mu - 
hammad Ben Abii 'Ali, the twenty-second and last king, who 
surrendered the city of Firiizkiih to Muhammad Kharizm Shah, 
in A.H. 612 (a.d. 1215). 

Book XVIII. — The Shansabaniyah Kings of Bamyan and Tu- 
kharistan, from Fakhr ad Din Mas]ud, the first king, to the time 
of the fifth monarch, 'Al^ ad-Din Mas'ud, who was slain by his 
nephew Jalal ad Din 'Ali.* 

Book XIX. — History of the Shansabaniyah Sultans of Ghaznin, 



^ The author traces the descent of the Ghtirides, from Ftil&d the first king, 
through Zahhik to Noah, and quotes the Nisbat NlUnah of MulU Fakhr ad-Din 
Muh^rik Sh^h, who dedicated his work to *A\& ad-Din Husain Jah^nsuz, as his 
principal authority for the history of the GhUrides. He states that, according to 
that writer, they are called Shansabaniyah from one Sbansab, who attained great 
eminence and power among the descendants of Zahh^, after the emigration of 
the latter to Ghlir. 

^ The author calls Jal^l ad-Din the fourth king, and *Ald ad-Din Mas'tid the 
fifth. He, however, relates the circumstances exactly as they occurred, the sub- 
stance being that JaUl ad-Din having left "B&my&n on an expedition against 
Ghaznin, was supplanted by ' Al£ ad-Dln, who assumed the sovereignty, but that 
Jalil ad-Din returning shortly afterwards, surprised and defeated his uncle, and 
slew him. JaUl ad-Din himself was put to death in the seventh year of his reign, 
by Muhammad Klilirizm Sh^ 



(24) 

from the time of Saif ad-Din S(ir(, who conquered Bahrdm Shah 
Ghaznawi, to that of Kutb ad-Din Aibak, who expelled Tdj ad- 
Din Yalduzin a.h. 603 (a.d. 1206).^ 

Book XX. — The Mu'izziyah Saltans of Hindtistan, comprising 
the history of Kutb ad-Din Aibak^ and of his son Aram Shah, whose 
capital was Dihli ; of Nasir ad-Din Kabachah al-M u*izzi, and 
Baha ad-Din Tughril al-Mu'izzi, ' and of the first four Khilji princes 
who reigned at Lakhnauti or Gaur, ending with the death of 
Hnsdm ad-Din Ghiyas ad-Din, who was defeated and slain by 
Nasir ad-Din Mahmdd Ben Shams ad-Din Altamish, governor of 
Bahar, in a.h. 624 (a.d. 1226).' 

Book XXL — History of the Shamsiyah Saltans of Hindustan, 
whose capital was Dihli, from the time of Shams ad-Din Altamish, 
who expelled Aram Sh&h from the throne in a.h. 607 (a.d. 1210) 
to A.H. 658. (a^d. 12.59), when Ndsir ad-Din Mahmdd, the seventh 
King of the dynasty,^ reigned in Dihli, and the author completed 
the present history. 

Book XXII. — Account of the most eminent nobles, viceroys, 
governors, &c., who flourished under the Shamsiyah dynasty, 
from A.H. 625 (a.d. 1227) to the author*s own time, ending with 
a life of Baha ad-Din Alu Khan Balban, who was the Wazir of 
Nasir ad-Din Mahmdd, and who afterwards, on the death of that 
monarch, ascended the throne of Dihli without opposition. 

1 The account of Tlj ad-Din, who became independent on the death of 
Bhih^b ad-Din Muhammad Ghtiri, in a.h. 602 (a.d. 1205), is here given before 
that of Kutb ad-Din Aibak. The former, however, regained his kingdom soon 
after his expulsion by Kutb ad-£/!tn, who retired to L^htir, but was himself driven 
out a second time by Muhammad Kh^rizm Shih. 

3 On the death of Muhammad Ghtiri, Kutb ad-Din Aibak became inde- 
pendent in India, and N^sir ad-Din Kabachah in Multlin and Sind. Bahi ad- 
Din Tughril was occupied in the blockade of the fortress of Gw^liy^ when he 
died, and the fortress fell into the possession of Kutb ad-Din Aibak. 

3 This N^sir ad-Din MahmOd was the eldest son of Altamish, and died in a.h. 
^6 (a.d. 1228.) He must not be confounded with the youngest son of Altanush, 
who was also called N&sir ad-D£n Mahmtid, receiving the title of N^isir ad-Din and 
the government of ^engal from his father on his brother's death, and to whom, 
when king of DihH, the author dedicated his work. The first four of the Khilji 
princes were independent ; afterwards, Bengal having been conquered by Ntoir 
^-Din, the governors were appointed from the capital, viz. Dihli, until the time 
of Malik Fakhr ad-Din, who put to death Kadr ad-Din, governor of Bengal under 
Muhammad Tughlak, in a.h. 742 (ad. 1341), and proclaimed himself independent 
^f the throne of Dihli. 

* The author reckons His^r ad-Din Mahmdd, the eldest son of Altamish, as the 
flecond of the Shamsiyah monarchs ; but, as he died in his father's lifetime, this 
may not be admitted. N^sir ad-Din, the youngest son, is properly the sixth and 
not the seventh King of that dynasty. 



(25) 

Book XXIII. — On the incursions of the infidels ; comprising an 
account of the war between Sultan Sanjar Saljiiki and the tribes 
of Kard Khltd; of the conquest of Turkistan, by Muhammad 
Kharizm Sh^^ and the defeat and death of Gtir Khan the 
Kara Khitaian^ in a.h. 607 (a.d. I2I0) ; and of Changiz Khan 
and his descendants, viz. : Juji Khan, Uktai Khan, Chaghtai 
Khan, Kuyuk Khan, Batti Khan, Mangii Khan, Htilaku Khan, 
and Barakah Khan, to a.u. 658 (a.d. 1259). 

The Tabakat-i Ndsiri is a work of rare occurrence. Although in 
many portions of the history it is too concise to be of much use, it is 
exceedingly valuable where it has reference to the intricate history of 
the Ghurides, and of the Slave Kings of India and their viceroys and 
governors.^ So far as it extends, it is the best authority for the events 
of that interesting period; and a large portion has the additional 
merit of being the work of a contemporary writer. 

Foil. 300. Twenty-one lines in a page. Plainly written in 
Nasta'lik. The rubrics are omitted after fol. 127. 

Size, 10 in. by 6 in. (Gen. Briggs.) 

XIII. 

TabIkh-i BinXeiti. — The proper title of this work, although not 
that by which it is most generally known, is ^j t-^Ulill ^%\ La^t 

c-^LJ^Ij ji^'i] ^j\y Rauzat iJli al-Albdb fi Tawdrikh al- 

Akdbir wa al-Ansab. It is a general history, in nine books, abridged 
from the Jdmi' at-Tawarikh of Rashld ad-Din by Abu Sulaiman 
Ddwud, sumamed Fakhr ad-Din al-Bindkiti,' who composed his work 
And dedicated it to the Snltdn Ab(i Sa'id, the ninth Mongol sovereign 
Persia, in a.h. 717 (a.d. 1317.) 

Very little is known of the life of Fakhr ad-Dln al-Bindkiti. He 
was bom at Bindkit or Findkit, a town in Mdward an-Nahr, afterwards 

^ The history of the Ghliridesaxidthe Slave Kings occupies more than one-third 
4>f the entire work. 

2 He is called Fakhr al-Binakit£ in the present MS. Hitjji Ehalfah calls 
him Abti Solaimdn Fakhr ad-Din Diwud (Tom. ii. p. 121) ; and in another place 
Fakhr ad-Din Muhammad Ben Abf D^wud Sulaiman al-Bin£kiti (torn. iii. p. 499). 
In a MS. in the British Museum (Addit. No. 7627), the name is written Abd 
Sulaimto Ben D^wud Ben AM al-Fazl Ben Muhammad Ben Mohammad Ben 
Diwud al-Bin&kitL In another MS. in the British Museum (Addit. No. 7626) 
he is called Abti Sulaimto Ddwud Ben AM al-Fazl Muhammad al-Bin^ti, and 
he is so named in Sir Henry Elliot's MS. (Bibl. Index, vol. i. p. 74.) 



O^lo ^j. 



(26) 

called SbdhriikhSyab. He was of the Shfah sect, as may be gathered 
from his writings. In the reign of Gh^dn Khdn he held the office of 
court poet, and he died in a.h. 730 (a.d.1329).^ The Tdrikh-i Bindkiti, 
to use the words of Sir Henry Elliot, " till the discoyery of the lost 
portions of the Jdmin-t-Tawdrikh, ranked very high both in Europe 
and Asia, but it must now take its place as a mere abridgment, and 
can be considered of no value as an original composition."' It will 
however be found very useful as an abridgment, and it is remarkably 
easy of reference. The author has closely copied the Jdmi' at- 
Tawdrikh, with some modification in the arrangement. 

The present MS. comprises the first half of the work^ and con- 
tains — 

Book I.-^Divided into two chapters. 1. The genealogy and 
history of the Prophets from Adam to Noah. 2. The Prophets 
from Shem to Abraham. 

Book II. — History of the Kings of Persia, from Kayumars to 
Yazdajird; divided into four Chapters. I. The Peshdddians. 
2. The Kaidniaus. 3. The Ashkdnians. 4. The Sdsdnians. 
Together with an account of the prophets and philosophers who 
lived in their times. 

Book III. — Divided into three Chapters. 1. The genealogy 
and history of Muhammad and his immediate successors, and the 
history of the twelve Imdms. 2. The Khalifahs of the Bani 
Umayyah. 3. The Khalifahs of the Bani 'Abbds to the death of 
Al-Musta'sim Billah, in a.h. 656 (a.d. 1258). 

Book IV. — History of the dynasties who ruled in Persia during 
the time of the 'Abbasides ; divided into seven Chapters. I . The 
Suffdrides, from Ya'kfib Ben Lais to the death of Tdhir Ben 
Muhammad in a.h. 293 (a.d. 905). 2. The Sdmdnides, from Amir 
Isma'il Ben Ahmad to the death of Isma^il Ben Ndh. 3, The 
Buwaihides, from 'Imdd ad-Daulah 'Ali to the death of Abd 'Ali 
Kai Khusrti Ben 'Izz al-Mul(ik Abu Kdlinjdr in a.h. 487 (a.d. 
1094). 4. The Ghaznavides, from the time of Mahmud Ghaznawi 
to that of Khusru Shdh Ben Bahrdm Shdh. 5. The Saljuks, from 
Rukn ad-Din Abu Tdlib Tughril Beg to the death of Kizil Arslan, 
brother of Arsldn Ben Tughril. 6. The kings of Khdrizm, from 
their origin to a.h. 625 (a.d. 1227), when Sultdn Ghiyas ad-Din, 
son of Sultdn Muhammad, was put to death by Burak Hajib.^ 
7. The Assassins, from Hasan Sabah to the con({ue6t of Rukn 

EDiot, Bibl Ind. VoL i. p. 73. * Ibid. Vol. I p. 71. 

3 In the Khul^sat al Akhb&r he is said to have been slain two years Uter. 



(27) 

ad-Din Kliawar Sh^ by H6Uk<i Khdn and his death in a.h. 654 
(a.d. 1256). 

Book V. — History of the Prophets and Kings of the Jews ; 
divided into three Chapters. 1. From Moses to Saul. 2. From 
David to Mattaniah. 3. From Jeroboam to the time of Shalma- 

nezer. 

Book VI. — Divided into two Chapters. 1. Account of the 
countries inhabited by the Franks, and of Armenia. History of 
the Emperors of Constantinople. 2. History of Jesus Christ, of 
the Popes, and of the Christians generally; and of their religion. 

Book VII.— History of the Hindis ; divided into three Chapters. 
1. Account of the cycles and modes of computation of time 
employed by them. 

At this point the MS. has been improperly severed by the binder, 
this volume containing only the commencement of Book VII. 
Foil. 301. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Naskh. 
Size 7| in. by 5 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XIV. 

TArikh-i BinAkitI. — The concluding portion of Fakhr ad-Din's 
work, commencing with the remainder of the first Chapter of Book 
VII. omitted in the MS. last described. 

Book VII. — 1. A description of the seven climates, and of 
India generally. 2. The history of the prophets of India, and 
of Shakmiinl from his birth to his death. 3. The Hindti Kings 
of India, from Basdev (Vasudeva) to Bhim Pdl. The Musul- 
m^n Kings, from the early conquests of the Muhammadans to 
AH. 717 (a.d. 1317) when Sultan 'AM ad-Din Muhammad Shdh 
Khiljl was on the throne of Dilhi, and the author wrote his history. 

Book VIII. — Divided into two Chapters. 1 . An account of the 
mode of computation of time amongst the Chinese. A descrip- 
tion of KhiUl and its boundaries. 2. History of the Kings of 
Chin and M^chin, from the time of Bank6 (Puon-kou) to that of 
Sh6j6 (Cheou-sitt) Altdn^Khan, who was conquered by Uktai 
Khdn, son of Chan^iz Khdn. 

Book IX."— History of the Mongols, and of Changiz Khdn and 
his descendants and successors, viz. : Changiz Khan, from his 
birth to his death; Uktdi Khin and Kuytik Khdn; J(iji Khdn 



(28) 

and his descendants; Chaghtd'i Khan and his descendants; and 
Tdlui Khdn and his descendants, comprising the history of Hulakii 
Khdn and the Mongols of Persia, to a.h« 717 (ad. 1317), 
when the Sultan Ab(i Sa'id was reigning in Persia and the author 
completed his work. In this book the author has added, at the 
end of the history of each sovereign, an account of the con- 
temporary princes. 

A short extract from the first Chapter of Book VII has been pub- 
lished in the original by Sir Henry Elliot.^ 

The whole of the eighth book of the T^rikh-i Bin&kitl was edited 
in the original with a Latin translation by Andreas Miiller in 1677/ 
and was republished by his son in 1689.' The editors erroneously 
imagined the work to be a portion of the Nizam at-Tawarlkh, 
by 'Abd Allah al-Baizdwi. The mistake was first pointed out by 
M; Quatrem^re, who ingeniously conjectured that the section edited 
by the Miillers was part of the Tdrikh-i Bin^kiti, although he had not 
access to a copy of that work.* He had subsequently the satisfac- 
tion of finding that his conjecture was correct.' An English transla- 
tion of this same history of Khitd is also said to have been made by 
S. Weston, and published in London in the year 1820.' 

The Tdrlkh-i Bindkiti has been fully described by the Baron 
Hammer-Purgstall in the catalogue of his MSS.^ 

Foil. 157. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Naskh^ 
uniform with the preceding MS. 

Size 7| in. by 5 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

« 

XV. 



Majha' al- AnsAb. — A concise general history from the earliest 
times to the death of Sultdn Abii Sa'id Bahddur, son of Ulj^itu Khin, 

1 EUiot, Bibl. Index. Vol. L d^UkU^ p. ^ . 

' (^llc^ f^^ Abdallae Beidavaei Historia Smeiiflis, Penioe edita, Latine 

quoque reddita ab Andrea Mullero. 4to. Berolini, 1677. 

' Edits 2da. nunc una cum additamentis ab auctoris filio Quodvultdeo 

Abraham Mullero. 4to. Jenee, 1689. * 

* Collection Orientale. Tome i. M^moire, &c., p. c. 
^ lb. Additions aux notes, p. 425. 

* Bmnety sub voce Abdalla. 

. ' Handschjriften Hammer-Purgstall's. Svo. Wien, 1840, p. 194. 



(29) 

in A.H. 736 (a.d. 1335), by Mnhammad Be^ *Ali Ben Shaikh Muham' 
mad, who completed his work in a.h. 743 (a.d. 1342). 

Contents : — 

Aathor*s prefaces. — Prolegomena; containing an account of the 
creation ; of the seven seas and climates ; of the different races 
of mankind ; and of various epochs and asras. 

Book I. — Adam and his immediate posterity, and an enumera- 
tion of the Prophets. 

Book 11. — The descendants of Seth. The P6shd^dians. The 
Kaidnians. Alexander the Great. The Mnltik at-Taw^'if. The 
Ptolemies and Cssars. The Bani 'Ad of 'Irdk, from Malik Ben 
Fahm to Nu'man Ben Munzir. Kings of Yaman, from Tubba' al- 
Akbar to Bdd^n, who became a convert to the Isldm. The 
Ashkdnians. The Sdsdnians, to the death of Yazdajird. The 
Dilamites. The Saljdks. The Assassins, from their origin to 
their destruction bj Htildkti Khdn. Kings of Kh^izm. The 
Ghtirides, from 'Ala ad-Din Hasan Ben Husain to the death of 
Shihdb ad-Din Mnhammad Ghuri. The Muzaffarides. The Sal- 
ghariyah Atdbaks of Fdrs. The Kardkhitaians of Kirmdn. Kings 
of Yazd. Account of Shlraz, and of its rulers and kings. Kings 
of Hnrmtiz, from their origin to the time when the author wrote. 
History of the Mongols of Tartary, from Changiz Khan to the 
accession of KubM'i Khdn ; and of the Mongols of Persia, from 
Hiildkti Khan to the death of Sultan Abti Sa'id Bahadur, in a.h. 
736 (a.d. 1335.) History of the Atdbaks of Luristdn, from their 
origin to the time of Nusrat ad-Dln Pir Ahmad. ^ 

The Majma' al-Ansab is, as its title imports, little more than a 
'^ Collection of Genealogies," and is therefore of no great value; the 
more especially as the author, throughout the greater part of his work, 
has confined himself to a mere enumeration of the sovereigns of each 
dynasty, with an almost total absence of dates. It is however worthy 
of some attention, particularly in its latter portions, on account of 
the author having compiled it from authentic written authorities, 
hearsay evidence, and personal observation ; and from the fact that in 

^ Muzft&r ad Din Afrisayib Ben YUenf ShAh, who submitted to Timdr in a.h. 
795 (iuD. 1392), was in fact the last Atllbak of LuristlUi, bat Ghiylis ad-Din states 
that he was sacceeded by Nusrat ad Din, *Izz ad-Din Pashang, Pir Ahmad, a 
brother of Pir Ahmad, and the sons of the latter. In the Sharaf N^mah, de- 
scribed infriL No. CLIX, Muzaffar ad-Din is said to have been reappointed to 
the goyemment by Tim(ir, and to have been succeeded by Pashang Ben Ytisuf 
Shdh, Ahmad Ben Pashang, Abti Sa*id Ben Ahmad, and Shilh Husain Ben Ab6 
&l'id, who was dain in a.h. 827 (H23}. 



(30) 

maD J instances he mentions from which of such sources he deriyed his 
information. 

Foil. 145. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Nastalik hand. 

Size 8| in. hj 6 in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

XVI. 

Rauzat as-Safa. — The complete title of this work is Zat^ 

'lilsl^j cJ^\j *\JJJ1\ ijJ^ 4 *UJ1 Rauzat as-Safd fi Sirat 
al Anbiyd wa al-Maliik wa al-Khulafd.^ It is a general history in 
seven volumes, from the earliest times to the death of Sultdn Husain 
Mirzd Abii al-Ghdzi Bahddur in a.h. 911 (a.d. 1505), by Muhammad 
Ben Khdwand Shdh Ben Mahmtid, commonly called Mirkhdnd^ who 
composed his work at the desire of his patron Mir 'Ali Shir.' 

Mirkhdud was bom towards the close of a.h. 836 or the beginning 
of 837 (a.d. 1 433.) He devoted himself early in life, to literary 
pursuits, but he never composed anything previously to his introduc- 
tion to Mtr 'Ali Shir, who immediately took him under his protection, 
and soon afterwards assigned him apartments in the Khdnkah Akhld- 
siyah^ a building which the minister had erected to serve as a retreat 
and asylum to men of merit distinguished by their attainments. A 
great portion of Mirkhdnd*s work was written whilst he was on 
a bed of sickness, and he has himself given a painful account of his 
sufferings whilst engaged in completing his history. For a whole year 
before his death, which occurred in a.h. 903 (a.d. 1493), he gave him- 
self up entirely to religious duties.^ 

It is doubtful whether Mirkhdnd wrote any part of the seventh 
volume of the Rauzat as-Safd, as some of the events recorded . in it 
took place after his death. M. Jourdain is inclined to think that we 
owe the whole of the seventh volume to his son Khindamir,^ and 

* Hij. Ehalf. Tom. iii. p. 601. 

3 For an account of Mir 'Ali Shir, see Silvestre de Sacy, M^moires sur 
diverses antiquiteis de la Perse, p. ix. ; Notices et Extraits des MSS. tome iv. 
p. 246 and 290 ; Hammer-Purgstall, Geschichte der schSnen RedekUnste Persiens, 
p. 310 ; Price*8 Retrospect of Mohammedan History, voL iii. p. 656 ; Ouseley's 
Biographical Notices of Persian Poets, p. 60 ; Memoirs of Baber, p. 184 ; Elliotts 
BibL Index, vol. L p. 114. 

' Elliot, Bibl. Index, vol i. pp. 87, 88. Price's Retrospect, vol. iii. p. 656. 

^ Notices et Extraits des MSS. tome ix* p. 117* 



(31) 

Major Price is of the same opinion.^ Sir William Ouseley, hovrever, 
thinks it likely that Khdndamir only wrote the latter portion.' Sir 
Henry Elliot leaves the qoestion still undecided.' 

The Rauzat as-Safa is of the very highest authority both in Asia 
and Europe. Though extremely comprehensiye^ it omits to men- 
tion many dynasties which are found in the works of Khdndamir and 
others, to be mentioned hereafter ; but it possesses the advantage of 
being more diffuse and circumstantial ; and, in addition, as incidental 
mention is made of several races of kings without distinct sections 
being appropriated to them, many apparent omissions are thus partially, 
though not wholly, supplied. 

The entire text of Mirkhand's history was published in lithography 
at Bombay in the year 1848, but I do not know of any copy that has 
as yet reached this country. A tolerably full description of the 
Rauzat as-Safa, from the pen of M. Jourdain, will be found in the 
ninth volume of the Notices et Extraits des MSS. de la Biblioth^que 
du Roi j the learned Baron Hammer-Purgstall has also given a detailed 
account of its contents in the Catalogue of his Oriental MSS.^ 

The present JViS. comprises the first volume of Mirkhand's great 
work, and contains : — 

A Pre&ce and Introduction on the utility of history, and the 
advantages to be derived from its study. An account of the 
creation of the world and of the deluge. Account of the 
Patriarchs, Prophets, and Kings of Israel, the Virgin Mary, St. 
John, Jesus Christ, the Seven Sleepers, and St. George. History 
of the Peshdadian and Kaidnian Kings ^ Persia. Account of 
Alexander the Great and of the ancient philosophers. The Ashkd- 
nian, and Sdsdnian dynasties, to Yazdajird, the last of the Kings 
of the race of Sasan. 
• 

A translation of the preface is appended to the article in the 
Notices et Extraits, by M. Jourdain, of which I have already made 
mention. The text of the history of the Sasanides was published by 
M. Jaubert in 1843, forming part of the Chrestomathies Orientales, 
printed for the use of the students in the Ecole speciale des langues 



^ Price's Retrospect. Vol. iii. p. 666. 
« Ouseley's Travels. Vol. ii. p. 397. 
3 Elliot, BibL Index. Vol. i. p. 90. 

^ Handschriften (arabische, persische, turkische) Hammer-Pargstall's. Sto. 
Wien, 1840, p. 199. 



(32) 

Orientales vivanies.^ Previously to this^ Silyestre de Sacy had trans- 
lated the same history.' Mr. Shea has published a translation of the 
Introduction, and of the history of the P^shdddian and Kaidnian 
kings to the death of Alexander the Great.' 

Foil. 223. Twenty-six lines in a page. Written in a small 
Naskh hand. 

Size 13^ in. by Sf in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XVII. 

Rauzat as-SapX. — The first volume. 

Foil. 240. Twenty-five lines in a page. Written partly in Naskh, 
and partly in Nastalik, in a.h. 1085 (a.d. 1674). 
Size, 15 in. by 9^ in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XVIII. 

Rauzat ab-SafA. — The first volume. 

Foil. 302. Twenty-one lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik. 

Size 12| in. by 7i in. (Major D. Price.) 

XIX. 

Rauzat as-SafX. — The second volume. 

This volume contains the genealogy and history of Muhammad, 
and of the first four Khalifahs, with a particular account of their 
conquests, to a.h. 44 (A.D. 664.) 

Foil. 219. Thirty-one lines in a page. Well written in a minute 
Nasta'lik character, in a.h. 1005 (a.d. 1596). 

Size 12^ in by 8 in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

> Histoire des Sassanides par Mirkhond (Texte Persan). 8yo. Paris, 1843. 

' M^moires sur diverses antiquit^s de la Perse, suivis de Thistoire de la 
dynastie des Sassanides, traduite da Persan de Mirkhond, par S. de Sacy. 4to. 
Paris, 1793. 

3 History of the early kings of Persia, from Kaiomars the first of the Peshda- 
dian dynasty to the conquest of Iran by Alexander the Great. Translated by 
David Shea. 8to. London, 1832. Printed for the Oriental Translation Fund. 



(33) 
XX. 

Rauzat as-Sapa. — The second volume. 

Foil. 508. Nineteen lines in a page. Written in Nasta*lik in 
A.H. 1076 (a.d. 1665). 

Sijse 1 If in. by 7 in. (Major D. Price.) 

XXI. 

Rauzat as-Sapa. — The second volume. 

Foil. 709. Nineteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
Two leaves are wanting at the end of this MS., and the first two have 
been supplied by a more modern hand. 

Size 11^ in. by 6 in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

XXII. 

Rauzat as-SafA. — The third volume^ containing: 

The history of the twelve Imdms, and of the Khali fahs of the 
Bani Umayyah and Bani 'Abbds dynasties, to a.h. 656 (a.d. 1258) 
when Baghdad was besieged and taken by Htildku Khdn, and the 
Khalifah Al-Musta'sim Billah put to death by his order. 

Wilken has published an extract from this volume, relating to the 
Khalifah Mamiin ; he has given the text and a Latin translation.^ 

Foil. 104. Thirty-one lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik 
in A.H. 1005 (a.d. 1.596.) 

Size 12^ in. by 8 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XXIII. 

Rauzat as-Safa. — The third volume. 

Foil. 204. Twenty-four lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik in 
A.ii'. 1097 (a.d. 1685.) 

Size 11 J in. by 6^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

^ Wilken, Inst. Ling. Pers. p. l\l ei seq, Auctarium ad Chrestomathiam, 
p. 5, et seq, 

D 



h V' ; 



(34) 
XXIV. 

Rauzat AS-SAPX.-^The first, second, and third Yolumes, boand in 
one. 

Foil. 403. Thirty lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Naskh hand, in a.h. 1022-23-24 (a.d. 1613-14-15.) Several leaves 
at the beginning of this MS. have been much injured by damp. 

Size 1 4^ in. by 9 in. (Gordon of Buthlaw.) 

XXV. . 

Rauzat as-Safa. — The fourth volume, containing: 

The history of the dynasties contemporary with the 'Abbisides, 
viz. : the Tdhirides from Tdhir Zii al^Yumnain to the deposition 
of Muhammad Ben Tdhir, by Ya*k 6b Ben_ Lais, in a h. 259 
(a.d. 872). The. Suffdrides, from their origin to the defeat of 
Tdhir Ben Muhammad by Sakri, a slave of 'Amrd Lais, in 
A.H. 296 (a.d. 908). Account of 'Amru Ben Ya'ktib Sufi*dri, and 
of Khalaf Ben Ahmad, rulers of Sistdn. The Sdmdnides, from 
their origin to the assassination of Abii Ibrdhim Isma'il Ben 
Nfih, in A.H. 395 (a.d. 1004). The Dilamites of Jurjdn and 
Gildn, from Shams al-Ma'dli Kdbus Ben Washmagir to Ddrd Ben 
Shams al-Ma'dli Kdbiis, who submitted to Mahmtid of Ghaznin. 
The Ghaznavides, from Amir Sabuktagin, to a,h. 583 (a.d. 1 187), 
when Khusru Malik was conquered by Ghiyds ad-Din Mu- 
hammad Ghuri. The Buwaihides, from their origin to the death 
of Abii 'Ali Kai Khusru Ben 'Izz al-MuMk Abii Kalinjdr, in 
A.H. 487 (A.D. 1094). The Fdtimites in Egypt, from Abd a - 
Kdsim Muhammad al-Mahdi, to the death of Al-*Azid Lidin 
Allah, in a.h. 567 (a.d 1171). The Assassins, from Hasan 
Sabdh, to their extirpation by Hulakii Khdn. - The Saljuks, 
from their origin : 1st branch, the Saljiiks of Persia, from 
,'w'' L '' Tughril Beg to the death of Tughril Ben Arsldn, in a.h. 590 

' i^'^ (a.d. 1193), and an abstract of events which followed, to a.h. 
622 (a.d. 1225), when the Atdbak Muzaffar ad-Din Uzbak was 
expelled from Azarbd'ijan, by Jaldl ad-Din, King of Khdrizm : 
2d branch, the Saljiiks of Kirmdn, from Kddard Ben Chakar 
Beg to the time of Muhammad Shah Ben Bahrdm Sh^, the 
last of the dynasty : 3d branch, the Saljiiks of Riim, from 
Sulaimdn Ben Kutlamisli^to Kai Kubdd Ben Faramurz. the last 
of the Rumian branch. \ The Kings of Khdrizm, from their origin 



(35) 

to the expulsion of Jaldl ad-Dln Mankbarni by the Mongols, and 
his disappearance. The Kardkhitdians of Kirmdn, from Kutluk 
Saltan Bnrdk Hdjib to N^ir ad-Din Muhammad Burhdn, who 
was placed on the throne by Uljdit6 SuUdn, in ah. 707 (a.d. 
1307), and an abstract of succeeding events in Kirman to a.h. 741 
(a.d. 1340). The Muzaffarides, from their origin to their extirpation 
by Timiir, in a.h. 795 (a d. 1392). /The Atabaks of Syria, from 
^Imdd ad-Din Zangl to the death of Malik al-Kdhir 'Izz ad Din 
Mas'^d. The Atdbaks of Azarbdijan, from their origin to the 
death of Kutlugh Tndnj. The Atdbaks of Fars, from their 
origin to the death of Aish Khdttin, in a.h. 686 (a.d. 1287). 
The Atdbaks of Luristdn, from their origin to the time of Mu- 
Eaffar ad-Din Afrdsiydb. The Ghurides, from their origin to 'Aid 
ad-Din Muhammad Ab(i 'All, who resigned his claim to the sove- 
reignty of Ghiir, by order of Muhammad Khdrizm Shdh, in 
A.H. 611 (a.d. 1214). The Ghtirides of Bdmydn, from Malik 
Fakhr ad-Din MasMd to Jaldl ad-Din 'All, who was put 
to death by Muhammad Khdrizm Shdh. The Slave Kings 
of the Ghurides, viz., Tdj ad-Din Yalduz, Kutb ad-Din Aibak, 
Ardm Shdh, and Ndsir ad-Din Kabdchah. The Khiljia of 
Bengal, from Muhammad Bakhtydr to the death of Husdm ad- 
Din. The Kings of Dihli, from Shams ad-Din Altamish to the 
time of Ghiyds ad-Din Balban. ' The Kings of Nimruz and 
Sijistdn, from Tdhir Ben Muhammad to the death of Tdj ad-Dln 
Kiydltagin, who was conquered by the Mongols, in a.h. 625 
(a.d. 1227). The Kurts, from their origin to the subjugation of 
Hirdt, by Tim6r, in a.h. 778 (a.d. 1376). 

Several portions of this volume have been published in the ori- 
ginal, with or without translations, and versions of some of the his- 
tories have appeared separately. Of the former we have the history of 
the Tdhirides, edited twice, with Latin translations, by MM. Jenisch 
and Mitscherlik,^ the first comprising also the history of the Suffdrides ; 
that of the Sdmdnides, with Latin and French translations ;^ the history 
of the Ghaznavides, with a Latin translation ; ^ of the Buwaihides, 
with a translation in German ;^ of the Isma'ilis, with a French trans- 

^ fiistoria priorum regum Persarum, ex Mohammede Mirchond. Persic^ et 
Latin^. 4to. Yienne?, 1782. Mirchondi historia Taheridarura. Persice et La- 
tine, edidit E. Mitscherlik. 8vo. Gottingse, 1814. Edit. 2, 8vo. Berolini, 1819. 

^ Mohammedi filii Chayendschahi, historia Samanidarum. Persice edidit iu- 
terpretatione Latioa, Fr. Wilken. 4to. Gottingse, 1808. Histoire des Sama« 
nides, par Mirkhoud. Texte Persan, traduite par Defr^mery, 8vo. Paris, 1845. 

^ Mohammedi, filii Chondschahi,- historia Gaznevidarum. Persic^ edidit, Latin^ 
vertit, Fr. WUken. 4to. BeroL 1832. 

* Geschichte der Sultane aus dem Geschlechte Bujeh, persisch und deutsch, 
von Fr. Wilken. 4to. Berlin, 1835. 

D 2 



't^ 



(36) 

lation ;^ of the Saljuks ;' the Kings of Khdrizm ;' and the Atabaks.* 
The history of the Ghurides has been published twice in the original, 
with Latin and French translations.* Wilken published the text^ 
with a Latin translation, of some extracts from the history of the 
Ghaznavides ;* and Sir Henry Elliot has also given a short specimen 
from the same history.^ Of the latter — that is, translations unaccom- 
panied by the text — we have German versions of the histories of 
the Buwaihides^ and Saljdks.' A great portion of the history of the 
Ghurides has also been translated into English in the notes to 
Doctor Dorn's history of the Afghans."' 

Foil. 269. Twenty lines in a page. Well written in a small Nas- 
ta'lik hand, and illustrated with paintings. 

Size 12i in. by 8^ in. . (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XX VL 

Rauzat as-Safa. — The fifth volume, containing : 

An account of the origin of the Turks traced from Japhet, and 
of the ancestors of Changiz Khan. History of Changiz Khan, his 
sons and successors, viz. : Uktai and Kuyiik Khan ; Mangu Kaan 
and his successors to Taizi ; Juji Khan and his successors. Khans 
of Kipchak, to the time of Jani Beg ; Chaghtai Khan and his 
successors, Khans of Turan, to Sultan Mahmdd Khan, son of 
Suyiirghatmish. Hiildkii Khdn and his successors in Persia to 

^ Notice de Thistoire univenelle de Mirkhond, sulvie de Thistoire de la 
dynastie des Ismaeliens de Perse, en Persan et Fran^ais, par Jourdain. 4to. Paris, 
1812. (Notices et Extraits des MSS., tome ix.) 

3 Mirchondi Historia Seldschukidamm. Persice edidit J. A. Vnllers, Svo. 
Oissae, 1837. 

3 Histoire des Sultans du Kharezm, par Mirkhond. Texte Persao, par De- 
frdmery. 8vo. Paris, 1842. 

^ The History of the At^baks of Syria and Persia, by Mirkhond ; edited by 
W. H. Morley. 8vo. London. Printed for the Society for the publication of 
Oriental Texts. 1848. 

^ Mirchondi Historia Ghuridarum, Persice et Latine edidit E. Mii- 
scherlik, 8vo. Francofurti, 1818. Histoire des Sultans Ghurides, extraite du 
Rouzet Essefa, traduite en Fran9ais, par Defr^mery. 8yo. Paris, 1844. 

« Wilken, Inst. Ling. Pers., p. 120 etseq. Auctarium, p. \(i et seq, 

7 Elliot, Bibl. Index, toL i. p. 92, and Cl^Uadut^ p. |^. 

^ Erlautemng und ErgSnzung einiger Stellen der von Mirchond, verfassten 
Geschichte des Stammes Buweih, durch F. von Erdmann. 8vo. Easan, 1836. 

^ Mirchond's Geschichte der Seldschuken^ aus dem persischen iibersetzt, von 
J. A. VuUers, 8vo. Giessen, 1828. 

*^ History of the Afghans^ translated from the Persian, by B. Dorn, 2 toUu 
4to. Lend. Printed for the Oriental Translation Fund. 1829. 



(37) 

the time of Nusbirw^n, the last of the race. The Ilkduians, from 
the death of the Amir Shaikh Hasan Buzwrg, in a.h. 757 (a.d. 1 356) 
to the time of Sultan Ahmad Ben Uwais, the last of the Ilk^- 
nians. Account of the death of Taghd Timiir Khdn, of the domi- 
nation of Amir Wali, in Astardb^d, and that of Sajyid Kawam 
ad-Din^ in Mdzandaran. The Sarbaddrians, from their origin to 
the time of Khdjah 'All Muayyad, who submitted to Tim(ir. 

Some extracts from the first part of this volume were edited, with 
a French translation, by M. Langl^s in 1799/ and others by the 
learned Hammer-Purgstall, in 1825.^ The text of the history of 
Changiz Khdn was edited by M. Jaubert, in the year 1841.' 

Poll. 75. Twenty-seven lines in a page. Well written in Naskh, 
in A.H. 995 (a.d. 1586). 

Size 13| in. by 8| in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XXVII. 

Rauzat as-SafA. — The sixth volume, containing : 

The history of Timiir, his descendants and successors, to the 
death of the Sultdn Abd Sa*id Gurkan, in a.h. 873 (a.d. 1468). 

An extract from this volume, relating to Timtir's expedition 
against Tuktamish Khdn^ was published in the original, with a 
French translation, by M. Charmoy, in 1836.* The conclusion of the 
volume will also be found in the original, together with a French trans- 
lation by M. Jourdain, in the ninth volume of the Notices et Extraits.' 

Foil. 277. Twenty-seven lines in a page. Well written in Naskh, 
in A.H. 996 (a.d. 1587), by the same hand as the last-mentioned MS., 
with which this is uniform. 

Size 13| in. by 9 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XXVIII. 

Rauzat as-Safa. — ^The sixth volume. 

Foil. 403. Twenty-four lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Nasta'lik character. 
Size lOf in.»by 6^ in. 

^ Notices et Extraits des MSS., tome vL p. 192 et seg, 

^ Sur les Origines Busses, extraits des MSS. Orientaux, par M. J. de Hammer. 
4to. St. Petersboarg, 1825, pp. 52-59, 112-116. 

3 Vie de Djenghiz-Khan, par Mirchond (Texte persan). Pabli^e par Jaubert 
8to. Paris, 1841. 

* M€m. de F Acad. Imp. de St. Petersbourg, 6me S^rie, tome iii. pp. 270-321 , 
441-471. * Pp. 123, 185. 



(38) 
XXIX. 

Rauzat as-SapA. — The sixth volume. 

Foil. 412. Twenty-three lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik, in 
A.n. 991 (a.d. 1583). 

Size 13^ in. by 9 in. (Major D. Price.) 

XXX. 

Rauzat as-Safa. — The fourth, fifth, and sixth volumes, . bound 
in one. 

Foil. 577. Twenty-five lines in a page. Written in Nastalik, in 
A.H. 978-79 (a.d. 1570-71). The illuminated titles in this MS. are 
fine specimens of the art. 

Size 13| in. by 10 in. (Gordon of Buthlaw.) 

XXXI. 

9*m- Ml 

Rauzat as-SafA . — The seventh and last volume of the Rauzat 
as-Safa, containing : 

The history of Abu al-Ghdzi Sultan Husain Mirz^, the fourth 
in descent from Timiir. 

The geographical conclusion, which is sometimes added to this 
seventh volume, is wanting in the present MS. A portion of it has 
been edited in the original, with a French translation, by M. Jourdain.^ 

Foil. 111. Twenty-seven lines in a page. Well written in the 
Naskh character, evidently by the same hand as Nos. XXVI and 
XXVII, with which MSS. the present volume is uniform. 

Size 13f in. by 8| in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XXXII. 

Khulasat al-Akhbar.— a general history, comprising an intro- 
duction, ten books, and a conclusion, by Ghiyas ad-Din Muhammad Ben 
Humdm ad-Din, sumamed Khandamir, the son of Mirkhdnd. The 
full title of this book, which may be considered as an abridgment of 
the Rauzat as-Safi^, and is a most excellent epitome of Eastern history, 

' Notices et Extraits des MSS., tome iz« pp. 125, 187. 



(39) 

18 jb^'i\ ^}\y^\ 4 jlj^Sl lalsS^ KhuMsat al-Akhbdr fi Ahwdl 
al-Akhyarj and, accordiDg to Hdjji Khalfab, it was composed in 
A.H. 900 (a.d. 1494)^ at the request of Mir 'All Shir. 

Khandamir was bom at Hirdt abont a.h. 880 (a.d. 1475). In 
A.H. 909 (a.d. 1503) he was sent on a diplomatic mission by the 
Sultan Badi' az-Zamdn, the last of the Timfirides who reigned in 
Persia, to Khusrii Shdh the chief of Knnduz. He was appointed by 
the same monarch to be Sadr or chief judge of the civil court. The 
Uzbak T^tdrs conquered Khurdsdn in a.h. 913 (a.d. 1507), and they 
in their tiim were driven out by Shah Isma'il in a.h. 916 (a.d. 1510). 
In the midst of this confusion Khandamir retired from public life, and 
it seems that it was during this period that he composed the Madsir 
al-Mul6k, the Akhbar al-Akhydr, the Dastur al-Wuzard, the Makdrim 
al-Akhlak, the Muntakhab-i Tarikh-i Wassdf,' and the greater part, if 
not the whole, of the Habib as-Siyar. In a.h. 933 (a.d. 1526) 
Khandamir left Hirat, and in the following year he proceeded to Hin- 
dustan, and was introduced to the Emperor Akbar : upon that 
sovereign's death he attached himself to his son and successor the 
Emperor Humdyun ; and having accompanied the latter to Gujardt, 
he died there in a.h. 941 (a.d. 1534), aged 61 or 62 lunar years.' 

The KhuMsat al- Akhbar contains : 

Introduction. — An account of the creation of heaven and earth, 
and of the deluge, Iblis, and the Jinns. 

Book I. — History of the Patriarchs and Prophets, and of the 
Kings of Israel. Account of John the Baptist, Jesus Christ, the 
Seven Sleepers, and St. George. 

Boot n. — History of the Greek Philosophers and of Biizarj- 
mihr. 

Book III. — The early Kings of Persia, viz., the P6shdadians, 
the Kaidnians, the Ashkdnians, and the Sasdnians. Kings of 
Arabia, viz., the Banl Lakhm, from Malik Ben Fahm to Munzir 
Ben Nu'mdn, who was slain by the Muhammadan army : the 
Ghassanians, from their origin to Jabalah Ben Aiham, who became 
a Musulmdn in the reign of the Khalifah 'Umar : the Kings of 

^ H4j* Khalt, torn. iii. p. 163. Bat Kh^ndamfr himself mentions that 'Ali 
Shir did not place his library at his disposal until a.h. 904 (a.d. 1498). See 
Elliot, Bihl. Index, vol. i. p. 107, note. 

3 Elliot, Bibl. Index, vol. i. p. 108. 

3 Ibid, p. 109. And see, for Kh4ndamir*s Life, the Biographie Universelle 
(Reinaud), and the notice by Quatrem^re in the Journal des Savans. Juillet, 
1843. 



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Yaman, fr jm their origin to Dddawljah, who was a sisters son 

of Bkdin, and after whose death Yaman became subject to the 

Khild&t. 

Book IV. — The Oenealogy and History of Muhammad, and of 

his Conquests, from his birth to his death in a.h. 11 (a.d. 632). 
Book V. — History of the first four Khalifahs and of the twelve 

Imdms. 

Book y I. — History of the Khalifahs of the Bani Umayyah. 
Book VII. — History of the Khalifahs of the Bani *Abbas to the 

death of Musta'sim in a.h. 656 (a.d. 1258). 

Book VIII . — History of the dynasties contemporary with and 
posterior to the 'Abbasides ; viz. The Tabirides, from Tahir Zu 
al-Yumnain to Muhammad Ben Tdhir, who was deposed by Ya'kiib 
Lais in a.h. 259 (a.d. 872). The Suffdrides, from Ya'kiib Lais to 
the defeat and imprisonment of Tdhir Ben Muhammad by Sakrt, a 
slave of 'Amrii Lais, in a.h. 290 (a.d. 902).^ The Sdmdnides, 
from their origin to the assassination of Abii Ibrahim Tsma'il Ben 
N6h, in a.h. 395 (1004). The Buwaihides, from their origin to 
the death of Abii 'All Kai Khusrii Ben Abu Kdliujdr, in a.h. 487 
(a .d. 1094). The Dilamites of Juijdn and Gildn, from Washmagir 
to the time of Minuchihr Ben Kdbiis, who came to the throne in 
A.H. 403 (a.d. 1012), and subsequently became subject to Mah- 
mild of Ghaznin. The Ghaznavides, from Sabnktagin to the 
death of Khnsrii Malik. The Fdtimites, from Abd al-Kasim 
Muhammad al-Mahdl to the death of al-*Azid Lidin Allah, in 
A.H. 567 (a.d. 1171)9 when Egypt fell into the hands of Saldh 
ad -Din and his successors. The Assassins, from the time of Hasan 
Sabdh to the death of Rukn ad-Din Khawar Shah, and their 
extirpation by Huldku Khdn, in a.h. 654 (a.d. 1256). The 
Salj(iks of Persia, from the origin of the family to the death of 
Rukn ad-Din Tughril Beg Ben ArsUn, in a.h. 590 (a.d. 1193). 
The Saljuks of Kirmdn, from K^ard Ben Chakar Beg to a.h. 583 
(a d. 1187), when Kirmdn was conquered by Malik Dinar. The 
Saljiiks of Rdm, from Sultan Sulaimdn to the time of Kai Kubad, 
the last of the dynasty. The Kings of Kharizm, from their 
origin to the extinction of their power by the Mongols in the 
reign of Jalal ad-Dln Mankbami. The At&baks of Mausil, from 
Imdd ad-Din Zangi to Malik al-Kdhir 'Izz ad-Din Mas'M.^ The 
Atdbaks of Azarbaijdn, from Ildaguz to Muzafiar ad-Din Uzbak. 
The Atabaks of Fars, from their origin to the death of Aish 

1 Mfrkhfod says that this event took place in a.h. 296 (a.d. 908). In the 
Hnbfb as-Siyar it is stated to have occurred in a.h. 293 (a.d. 905), which state- 
ment agrees with that in the T^rikh-i Bin^kiti. 



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Kbdt(iD, in a.h. 666 (a.d. 1287). The Atdbaks of Lnrietan, 
from their origin to Mozaffar ad-Din AMsijdb Ben Ytisuf Shdh, 
the last of the dynasty. The Kardkhit^ians, from Burdk Hajib 
to Kntb ad-Din Shah Jahdn, who was deposed by Uljaitti Sultan. 
The Muzaffarides, from their origin to their utter extinction by 
Timur^ in a.h. 795 (a.d. 1392)* The Sarbaddrians, from their 
ori^n to the submission of Khajah 'All Muayyad to Timtir, in 
A.H. 783 (a.d. 1381). The Ghdrides, from their origin to the 
extinction of their power by Muhammad Khdrizm Shdh. The 
Ghurides of Bamydn^ from Malik Fakhr ad-Din Mas'iid to JaUl 
ad-Din 'Ali^ in whose reign Bdmydn was annexed to Khdrizm. 
The Slaves of the Gh6rides, who attained sovereign power, viz., 
Taj ad-Din Yalduz, Ardm Shdh, Nasir ad-Din Kabdchah, and 
the Kings of Dihli, from Shams ad-Din Altamish to a.h. 717 
(a.d. 1317), when 'Aid ad-Din Khilji died.> Kings of Nimniz 
and Sijistdn, from Tahir Ben Muhammad to Tdj ad-Din Niydl- 
tagin, who was imprisoned by the Mongols in a.h. 625 
(a.d. 1227), and slain two years afterwards. The Kurts of 
Hirat, from their origin to the time of Malik Ghiyds ad-Din Pir 
'All, who submitted to Timiir in a.h. 778 (a.d. 1376). 

Book IX. — Account of the posterity of Japhet, son of Noah, 
and the history of Chaugiz Khdn and of his descendants and 
successors, viz. : The Mongols of Tartary, from Uktdi Khan to 
Adai Ben Araktlmur, the nineteenth of the dynasty; the 
Mongols of the Daslit of Kipchdk, from Juji Khdn to his thirty- 
sixth successor Muhammad Ben Timur Khdn. Huldkli Khan, 
son of Tiili Khan, and the Mongols of Persia, to the time of 
Nushirwan, the last of the race ; and the Ilkanians, from the 
death of Amir Shaikh Hasan, in a.h. 757 (a.d. 1356), to the time 
of Sultan Ahmad Ben Sultdn Uwais, the last of the Ilkanians. 
Chaghtd'i Khan and his descendants and successors in Trans - 
oxiana, to the time of Sultdn Mahmud Khan Ben Suyurghatmish, 
the thirtieth successor of Chaghtai Khan. 

Book X. — History of Timur and his descendants to the death 
of Mirzd Yddgar Muhammad, who was slain by Abd al-Ghazi 
Bahadur, in a.h. 875 (a.d. 1 470). 

Conclusion. — A description of the city of Hirat, its buildings, 
gardens, &c., and an account of celebrated shaikhs, sayyids, 
learned men, calligraphists, painters, and musicians. 

A portion of the first book of the Khulasat al-Akhbar has been trans- 

^ Firishtah places his death in the previous year, but Fakhr ad-Din Bin^kiti 
says that he was living in the early part of a.h. 717 (i.d. 1317). 



(42) 

latftd iu the Asiatio Miscellany/ and the text of the history of the 
Saljiiks, accompanied by a French translation^ was pablished by M. 
Dumoret in the Nonveau Journal Asiatiqae.' The account of Timor's 
expedition against Tuktamish, Khdn of Xipchdk, has also been 
published by M. Charmoy, in the original, with a French translation, 
and was inserted in the Memoires de 1 Academic Imp6riale de St. 
Petersbourg.' A short extract relating to the Slaves of the Ghu- 
rides who attained royal dignity will be found iu Sir H. Elliot's 
Bibliographical Index, in the original and with a translation.^ 

Foil. 596. Seventeen lines in a page. Well written in NastaUik 
in A.H. 977 (a.d. 1569). 

Size lOJ in. by 7 in. (Major D. Price.) 

xxxiii. 

Habib as-Siyar — A general history by Khandamfr, son of Mirk- 
hand. This work was written subsequently to the Khulasat al-Akhbdr, 
at the request of Muhammad al-Husaini, and was completed after his 
death, under the encouragement of Karim ad-Din Hablb Allah, a native 
of Ardabil. The latter was one of the ministers of Shah Isma'il Safawi, 
and it is after his name that the author ha^ entitled his work Habib 
as-Siyar. 

The full title of the Habib as-Siyar is Xx:^] <J jAmJI 4«^^ja>- 
jjujJl i}\j\ Habib as-Siyar fi Akhbar Afrdd al-Bashar.' It was com- 
menced in A.H. 927 (a.d. 1520), when the author was forty-eight years 
of age, and was finished in a.h. 929 or 930 (a.d. 1522-23).' It comprises 
three volumes, each of which is divided into four sections or chapters. 
In many places it is a mere abridgement of the Rauzat as-Safa, but it 
is much more extensive in its range, and contains the history of many 
dynasties which are omitted in Mirkhand's work. Khdndamir has 
moreover added, in the Habib as-Siyar, memoirs of the most celebrated 

1 Vol. i. pp. 60, 140, 267, 433, « Xome xiu. pp. 240-256. 

3 6me Sdrie, torn. iii. pp. 321—27, 471—76. 

^ Elliot, BibL Index, vol. i. p. Ill, and C1^U^:LL« P- Tl 

5 H^j. Khalf., torn. ui. p. 14. 

^ Dom, Geschichte Tabaristan^s nach Chondemir, p. 5. Journal des Savans, 
1843, p. 393. At the end of the third Tolume, Kh&ndimir states that he completed 
it m A.H. 930 (a.d. 1523), and gives two chronograms fixing that date, viz., 

\jj\^ jl J^ and *UjJ3\ J cJjlll Jj\ But see EUiot, BibL Index, 

vol. i. p. 122, where the learned author supposes (on the authority, however, of 
only one MS.) that Khdndamir did not complete his work until i.h. 935 
(a.d. 1528). 



(43) 

men who flourished in the time of each particular dynasty ; and these 
memoirs are by no means the lis^t valuable portion of the work. The 
style of the Habib as-Siyar is both clear and elegant, and the narrative 
lively and interesting : taking it altogether it is the most useful 
manual of Oriental history with which we are acquainted, at least in 
the Persian language, being comprehensive in its range, sufficiently 
diffuse in detail for ordinary purposes, accurate in its facts, and lucid 
in its arrangement.' 

The present MS. comprises the first volume, and contains : 

An introduction, giving an account of the creation of the 
world. 

Chapter I.- — History of the Patriarchs, Prophets, and Kings of 
Israel, the Virgin Mary, Jesus Christ, the Apostles, the Seven 
Sleepers, and the Ancient Philosophers. 

Chapter II. — History of the P6shdddian and Kaidnian Kings 
of Persia. Account of Alexander the Great. The Ashkaniaus 
and Sdsdnians, to Yazdajird, the last of the S^dnian race. The 
Kings of Arabia, viz. : the Bani Lakhm, from Mdlik Ben Fahm 
to Munzir Ben Nu'man, who was killed by the Muhammadan 
army, under Khdlid Ben Walid ; the Ghassdnians, from their 
origin to Jabalah Ben Aiham, the last of the race ; the Kings of 
Yaman, from their origin to the death of Dadawiyah, sister's son 
of Bdddn, when Yaman became subject to the Khalifahs. 

Chapter III. — History of Muhammad and his conquests, until 
his death. 

Chapter IV. — ^History of the first four Khalifahs^ to the murder 
of 'Ali Ben Abti Talib. 

Foil. 282. Twenty-seven lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik. 
Size 12 in. by 7 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XXXIV. 

WW 

HabIb as-Siyar. — The second volume, containing : 

Chapter I. — The history of the Twelve Imams. 

Chapter II. — History of the Khalifahs of the Bani Umayyah. 

Chapter III. — History of the Khalifahs of the Bani 'Abbas. 

1 M. Defr^mery has well described the style of this author. ** Quoique le 
style de Khondemir soit plus recherche, plus m^taphorique que celui de Mirkhond^ 
il est, en g^n^ral, plus concis, plus serr^ ; cet auteur est du petit nombre des 
historiens persans qui out su exprimer un grand nombre de faits en peu de 
paroles." Joam. Asiat. 4me serie, torn. xvii. p. 106. 



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Chapter IV. — History of the dynasties contemporary with the 
'Abbasides, and others, comprising : The Tdhirides, from the time 
of Tahir Ben Husain Zd al-Yumnain to a.h. 259 (a.d. 872), when 
Muhammad Ben Tahir submitted to Ya*kub Ben Lais. The 
Sufilarides, from their origin to the defeat of T^hir Ben Muham- 
mad, the last of the dynasty, by Sakri, in a.h. 293^ (a.I). 905). 
Account of 'Amrti Ben Yd'kub and Khalaf Ben Ahmad, rulers of 
Sist^n. The S^m^ides, from their origin to the death of Abu 
Ibrahim Isma'il Ben Nuh, in a.h. 395 (a.d. 1004). The Ghaz- 
navides, from Sabuktagln to a.h. 583 (a.d. 1187), when Khusru 
Malik was conquered and imprisoned by Ghiy^s ad-Din Muham- 
mad Ghiiri. The early Kings of Tabaristdn, from their origin to 
J 11 Ben Jildn Shdh, surnamed Gaiibarah, who died in a.h. 40 
(a.d. 660). The Bani Dabawaih, Kings of Tabarist^n,^ from 
Dabawaih Ben Jii to the death of Aspahbad Khurshid. The 
Bani Baduspan, Kings of R^yan and Rustamddr, from Bdddspan 
Ben Jil to the death of Abd al-Fazl Muhammad Ben Shahrydr. 
The Bdwandiyah Kings of Mdzandardn ; Ist branch (Kayiisiyah), 
from Bail Ben Shdpur, who became independent on the death of 
Yazdajird the Sds^nian, in a.h. 45 (a.d. 665), to the death of 
Aspahbud Shahryar Ben Ddrd, in a.h. 397 (a.d. 1006); 2nd 
branch (Aspahbudiyah), from Husdm ad-Daulah Shahryar Ben 
Kdran, in a.h. 466 (a d. 1073), to the death of Shams al-Mnluk 
Rnstam Ben Shah Ardashir, in a.h. 606 (a.d. 1209). The 
Buwaihides, from their origin to the death of Abu 'AH Kai 
Khusrii Ben Abd Kdlinjar, in a.h. 487 (a.d. 1094). The 
Hasanawaih rulers of Dinawar, Hamaddn, Nahiwand, and Shahr- 
zur, from the time of Hasanawaih Ben Hnsain to a.h. 406 
(a.d. 1015). The Bani Ziydr dynasty, or Dilamites of Jurjan 
and GiMn, from their origin to Gildn Shah Ben Kai Kawns Ben 
Iskandar, the last of the Bani Ziyar, in a.h. 475 (a.d. 1082), 
when Kuhistdn passed into the hands of Hasan Sabah.^ The Ikhshid 
dynasty in Egypt and Syria, from the birth of Ikhshid to the death 
of Abu al-Misk K^dr, in a.h. 356 (a.d. 966). The Fatimites, 
from Abu al-Kasim Muhammad Ben 'Abd Allah aJ-Mahdi 
to the death of Al-'Azid Lidin Allah, in a.h. 567 (a.d. 1171). 
The Assassins, from the origin and rise of Hasan Sabah to their 
extirpation by Htilakii Khan. The Saljuks, from their origin : 
1st branch, Saljdks of Persia, from Tughril B6g Muhammad to 
the death of Rukn ad-Din Tughril Ben Arslan, in a.h. 590 
(a.d. 1193); 2nd branch, Saljuks of Kirman, from Kadard Ben 

1 See suprci, p. 40, note. 

^ Hasan Sabdh did not, however, take Alamut until a.h. 483 (a.d. 1090). 



(45) 

Chakar Be^ to the conquest of Kirmaii, in a.h. 583 (a.d. 1187), 
by Malik Dinar; 3rd branch, Salj6ks of Rum and Anatolia, 
from the time of Sulaiman Ben Kutlamidh to Kai Kubad Ben 
Faranmrz, the last of the dynasty. The rulers of Mausil and 
Syria, from the time of Nasir ad-Daulah and Saif ad-Daulah, 
the Hamdanides, to a.h. 549 (a.d. 1154). The Atabaks of 
Mausil, from the time of Aksankar, father of 'ImM ad-Din Zangi, 
to the death of Malik al-K^hir 'Izz ad-Dln Mas'iid, in a.h. 615 
(a.d. 1218). The Atabaks of Azatbdijdn, from the At&bak 
Muhammad Ildaguz to the death of the Atabak Muzaffar ad-Din 

Uzbak, in a.h. 622 (a.d. 1225). The Atabaks of F^rs, from 
their origin to the death of Aish Khdtun, in a.h. 686 (a.d. 1287). 
The Bani Marwdn in Spain, from the time of *Abd ar-Rahman Ben 
Mu'awiyah to the death of Hisham Ben Muhammad al-Muktadir 
Billah, in a.h. 428 (a.d. 1036), and the nominal reign of Umay- 
yah Ben 'Abd ar-Rahman, the last of the dynasty. Mu'tazid 
Lakhmi and his son Abti al-Kasim Muhammad al-Mu'tamid 
Billah in Seville to the death of the latter, in a.h. 488 (a.d. 1095). 
The Muravides or Mulassamin, from their origin to the defeat of 
Tashfin Ben 'Ali, by 'Abd al-Miimin the Muwahhidite, and his 
death in a.h. 537 (a.d. 1142). The Zairites of Africa, from 
A.H. 361 (a.d. 971) to the time of Yahya Ben Tamim, after 
whom 'Abd al-Mumin, the Muwahhidite, took possession of 
Morocco. The Muwahhidites, from their origin to the time 
of Al-Wdsik Billah Ab6 al-' Ala Idris, the last of the dynasty, in 
A.H. 668 (a.d. 1269). The Ayy6bites of Egypt, from th^ir origin 
to AH. 652 (a.d. 1254), when 'Izz ad Din Turkman, the first of 
the Bahrite Mamluks, became sovereign of Egypt. The Sharifs 
of Makkah, from Abu Muhammad Hasan Ben Zaid to the death 
of Sayyid Muhammad, in a h. 808 (a.d. 1 405). The Sharifs of 
Madinah, from Abti Ahmad Kasim Ben 'Ubaid Allah, in a.h. 104 
(a.d. 722), being a mere enumeration of names. The Ghurides, 
from their origin to the death of Atsiz Ben 'Ala ad-Din Jahdnsdz. 
The Gh6rides of Bdroyan, from Malik Fakhr ad-Din Mas'ud 
to Jalal ad-Din 'Ali, who was slain by Muhammad Khdrizm 
Shdh. Slave Kings of the Ghurides, viz. : Tdj ad-Din Yalduz, 
Kutb ad-Din Aibak, Aram Shah, and Nasir ad-Din Kabachah. 
The Khiljis of Bengal, from Muhammad Bakhtydr to the death 
of Husdm ad-Din. The Kings of Dihli, from Shams ad-Din 
Altamish to the death of Ghiyas ad-Din Balban. The Khiljis of 
Dihli, from Jalal ad-Din Firuz Shah to the death of 'Aid ad-Din, 
in A.H. 717^ (a.d. 1317). Kings of Sijistan and Nimruz, from 

^ See supra, p. 41, note. 



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the time of Tdhir Ben Mahammad to the death of T^j ad-Din 
Niyaltagin, who was conquered bj the Mongols in a.h. 625 
(a.d. 1227). The Kings of Khdrizm, from their origin to the 
expulsion of Jalil ad-Din Mankbarni, the last of the dynasty, by 
the Mongols. 

The life of Avicenna, taken from the account of the Bnwaihides, 
has been translated by M. Jourdain, and was published in the Mines de 
rOrient^ An account of the massacre at Karbala, extracted from this 
volume, appeared in translation in the Oriental Quarterly Review. 
The history of Tabarist^n and Mazandardn, to the death of Shams 
al-Mul6k Rustam, has been published in the original, with a German 
translation, by Dr. Dom.' The text of a short extract from the history 
of the Ghaznavides has been edited by Sir. H. Elliot.' 

Foil. 305. Twenty-seven lines in a page. Written in a small 
Nasta'lik character. 

Size 12 in. by 7 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XXXV. 

HABiB AS-SiYAR. — The second volume. 

Foil. 356. Twenty-one lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik, in 
A.H. 1026. 

Size I If in. by 7i in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XXXVI. 

HABiB AS-SiYAR. — The second volume. 

Foil. 457. Twenty lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Nasta'lik character. 

Size 10^ in. by 5| in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

XXXVII. 

Habib as-Siyar. — A portion of the second volume, comprising 

» Tom. iiL pp. 163—177. Fol. Vienna, 1813. 

2 Die Geschichte Tabaristan^s nach Chondemir, in the Mdm. de TAcad. des Sc 
de St. Petersbourg, vL s^r., Sc. Polit. Hist., torn. viii. And separately, 4to. 
St Petersbourg, 1850, pp. 1—28, 68-98. 

3 EUiot, Bibl. Index. Vol. i. cJIjUidu^ p. T A 



(47) 

the whole of the first chapter, with the exception of ahoat thirty 
leaves which are wanting at the commencement. 

Foil. 140. Fourteen lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik. Im- 
perfect at the beginning. 

Site lOi in. by 7 in. (Sir A. MaJet, Bart.) 

XXXVIII. 




HabIb as-Siyar. — The first chapter of the second volume. 
Foil. 107. Nineteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik, 
in A.H. 999 (a,d. 1590). 

Size 11 in. by 7^ in. (Major D. Price.) 

XXXIX. 

Habib as-Siyar.— The first two chapters, and part of the third 
chapter of the third volume, viz : 

Chapter I. — Account of the origin of the Khdns of Turkistdn, 
from Turk, son of Japhet. History of Changiz Kh4n and of his 
descendants, viz. : Uktd'i Khdn and Kuyuk Khdn ; Mangi^ Khdn, 
son of T(ili Khdn, and his successors, to Addi Ben Araktimur ; 
Juji Khdn, and his successors, to Muhammad Ben Timfir Khdn ; 
Chaghtai Khdn and his successors, to the death of Mahmdd Khdn 
Ben Suy6rghatmish, in a.h. 806 (a.d. 1403). History of H6ldku 
Khdn and his successors in Persia, to the time of Nushirwdn, 
the last of the race, and of the likdnians, from the death of 
Amir Shaikh Hasan Buzurg, in ah. 757 (a d. 1356) to that of 
Sultdn Ahmad Ben Uwais, who was put to death by Kard Y6suf, 
in AH. 813 (a.d. 1410). 

Chapter II. — History of the dynasties contemporary with the 
Changizkhdnians, comprising : The Bahrite Mamiuks of Egypt, 
from their origin, to a.h. 719 (a.d. 1319). A short account of 
the Circassian Mamltiks, The Ka.rdkhitdians of Kirmdn, from 
Burak Hdjib to Kutb ad-Din Shah Jahan Ben Jaldl ad-Din 
Suyurghatmish, who was deposed by Uljditu Sultdn ; the 
province, not long afterwards, viz., in a.h. 741 (a.d. 1340) 
falling into the hands of the Muzaffarides. The Muzaffarides, from 
their origin to their extirpation by Timur, in a.h. 795 (a.d. 1392). 
The Atdbaks of Luristdn, from their origin to Muzaffar ad-Din 
Afrdsiydb Ben Ytisuf Shdh, in whose reign Luristdn became 



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subject to Timur. The Kings of R6ydn and Rustamddr, from 
Aspahbud Husdm ad-Daulah Zarin Kamar, who succeeded Abu 
al-Fazl Muhammad Ben Shahrydr, to Kayumars Ben Bisitun, 
who died in a.h. 857 (a.d. 1453). The Kings of Nur and Kajur, 
descendants of Kaydmars Ben Bisitdn, to a.h. 881 (a.d. 1476). 
The Bdwandiyah Ki^s of Mdzandardn of the third branch (Kin- 
khdriyah), from Husdm ad-Daulah Ardashir Ben Kinkhdr, in 
A.H. 635 (a.d. 1237), to the murder of Fakhr ad-Daulah Hasan, 
the last of the dynasty, by the sons of Afrdsiydb Chal^wi, in 
A.H. 750 (a.h. 1349). The sovereignty of Afrdsiyab Chaldwi, 
from A.H. 750 (a.d. 1349), to his defeat and death, and the ex- 
pulsion of his family by the Sayyid Kaw^m ad-Din, in a.h. 760 
(a.d. 1358). The Sayyid dynasty of Mdzandardn and Rustamddr, 
from Sayyid Kawdm ad-Din al-Mara'shi, to a.h. 929 (a.d. 1522) 
when the author wrote this portion of his. work. The Sarbadd- 
rians, from their origin to the time of Khajah *Ali Muayyad, who 
submitted to Timdr, in a.h. 783 (a.d. 1381). The soyereignty of 
Amir Wall in Jurjan. The Kurts, from their origin to the death 
of Malik Ghiyds ad-Din Pir 'All, in a.h. 785 (a.d. 1383). 

Chapter III. — History of Timdr and his descendants. [This 
chapter is imperfect in the present MS., and only brings down 
the history to a.h. 860 (a.d. 1455). This is not quite one-half 
of the entire chapter,^ in which the author traces the history of 
Timur*s descendants down to a.h. 929 (a.d. 1522), when he 
wrote this part of his work]. 

The code of Ghazdn Khan, extracted from this volume, was 
published in the original with an English translation, by Major Kirk- 
patrick, in the New Asiatic Miscellany.^ An account of the inven- 
tion of paper money appeared in the original, accompanied by a 
French translation, by M. Langl^s, in the Memoires de Tlnstitut 
National.^ The history of the Mongols has been translated by M. 
Grigorieff, and was published in 1834.^ M. Defr^mery has inserted 
a translation of copious extracts from this volume, relating to the 



^ Jo a MS. in the library of the East India House (No. 1713) this portion 
occupies 108 pages, the whole chapter filling 264 pages. 

^ Vol. ii. p. 149 et seq, 

' Tome iy. (Claase de Litt^rature et Beaux Arts). 

4 Hvo. St. Petersburg, 1834. This I state on the authority of Sir H. Elliot 
I have not seen the work, but M. Defr^mery tells me that he imagines the ex- 
tract to be from the Khul^sat al-Akhbir, and not from the Habfb as>Siyar. 



(49) 

Kb&ns of Kipchak, in the Journal Asiatrqae ; an the same learne 
Orientalist has also edited, in that journal, the history of Chaghtd'i 
Khdn and his successors, accompanied by a French translation.' This 
last-mentioned extract continues the history of the descendants o 
Ohaghtii Khdn, to the death of Sultan Mahmiid Kh&n, son of Yiinis 

Khan, who was slain by the Uzbaks, but I do not find this conti- 
nuation in the MSS. which I have had an opportunity of consulting. 
The history of the dynasties of Rustamd^r and Mizandar^n, related 
in the present volume, and that of the Sarbaddrians, were published in 
the original, with a German transktion, by Dr. Dorn, in 1 850.' Lastly, 
the account of Timor's expedition against Tuktamish, Khdn of 
Kipchak, has been edited, with a French translation, by M. Charmoy, 
and wiU be found in the M6moires de I'Acad^mie Imp^riale de St. 
Petersbonrg.^ 

Foil. 395. Twenty-one lines in a page. Written in a small 
Nasfalik hand. 

Size 9| in. by 5} in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

XL, 




Habib as-Sitar. — The first two chapters of the third volume. 

Foil. 259. Nineteen lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Nasta'lik character, in a.h. 1004 (a.d. 1595). The name of the 
Nawdb Sayyid Husain 'Ali Khdn Amir al-Umard is written on the 
back of the first leaf of this MS., so that it probably belonged to that 
distinguished general. 

Size 10^ in. by 6j in. (Major D. Price). 

XLI. 

Habib as-Siyab. — The fourth Chapter and conclusion of the third 
volume, viz. : 

Chapter IV. — An account of Sh&h Isma'il Safawi and of his 

^ 4me Sdrie, tome xtU. p. 107 st teq, 

3 4me Stfrie, tome xix. pp. 58-93, 216-288. 

' Die Qeschichte Tabaristan's und der Serbedare nach Ohoodemir : persiscb 
and deutsch, von Dr. B. Dom ; in the Mdm. de I'Acad. des. Sc. de St. Petersbourg, 
vL 8^. tome yiii. Also separately, 4to. St. Petersbourg, 1850, pp. 28-67, 96-182. 

* erne S^rie, tome iii. pp. 328-49, 475-92. 

B 



(50) 

fincestors, continuing tbe history of Persia, down to a.h. 930 
(a.d. 1523), when the anther wrote this Chapter. 

Conclusion.*-*^eographical notices of yarioas conntries, cities, 
mountains, islands, rirers, &c. A description of the wonders of 
the worlds and of different animals, and a brief account of holy 
and learned men. 

Foil. 288. Nineteen lines in a page. Written in Shikastah Amiz, 
in A.H. 1239 (a.d. 1823). 

Size 11 in. by 5f in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 

XLII. 

NioXbistAn.* — A collection of detached relations or anecdotes of 
yarions djrnasties who haye ruled in the East, and of celebrated 
persons, from the time of Niz^r Ben Ma'add Ben 'Adn^n to that of 
the author, by Ahmad Ben Muhammad Ben 'Abd al-6hafiir al-Ghaf- 
f&i al-Kazwini. Al-Ohaffdri has deriyed his materials from the 
most authentic sources ; in his preface he enumerates no less than 
twenty-eight standard works which he consulted, and from which he 
has extracted his anecdotes.' The date of the composition of the 
Nigdristdn is expressed by the letters of its name, according to the t // 
Abjad, yiz., a.h. 959 (A.d. 1551). J^J \ ^ ^(* j U -^ ^ 

From the nature of this work it wouldfb^iitapossible to giye an 
exact idea of its contents, without enumerating each separate anecdote. 
This has already been done by M. Krafil^ in his Catalogue of the MSS. 
preseryed in the Royal Oriental Academy at Vienna.' It will be suf- 
ficient here to state that the work comprises anecdotes of the following 
persons and dynasties : 

Nizar Ben Ma'add Ben 'Adndn and his three sons. Mu- 
hammad. The Twelye Imams. The Khalifahs of the Ban! 
Umayyah and Bani 'Abbas. The Barmakides. The Tahirides. 
The Suffarides. The Sam^nides. The Dilamites. The Ohazna- 
yides. The Ohdrides. The Buwaihides. The Salj6ks. The 
Kings of Khdrizm. The Atabaks. The Fatimltes. The Is- 

1 Hij. Ehalf., torn. yi. p. 381. ' 

' These will be found enumerated in Hamnier-Pnrg8ta]l*8 Geschichte der 
8ch5nen Redektinste Persiens, pp. 307-9, and in M. Erafft*8 valuable Catalogue, 
Die arabischen, peraisehen und turkischen Handschriften der KK. oriental 
lischen Akademie zu Wien. 8vo. Wien, 1842. 

3 Erafft, p. 88 e/ wq. 



(51) 

ma'ilifl. The Kanikhit&ians. The mlers of Luristiin. The 
Mongols. Amir Gh6bdn and hut desoendants. The Ilkdniann. 
The Mnxafiarides. TheKurts. The Sarbadirians. The Timiirides. 
The Kara Kfijonm and the Ak KAjuidli. 

Foil. 247. Seyenteen lines in a page. Well written in Nastalik, 
in A.H. 1059 (a.d. 1649). 

Size 11^ in. by 7 in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 

XLIII. 

ZuBD at-TArikh.— ^A concise general history, more especially re- 
lating to Persia, from the earliest times to a.h. 1063 (a.d. 1652), by 
Kamdl Ben Jaldl, who held the post of royal astrologer in the reign 
of Shdh 'Abbas XL, of the Sa&wi dynasty of Persia. 

Sir John Malcolm has referred to this work as one of the principal 
authorities for his account of the early Safawi monarchs. He calls 
the author Muhammad Kam^ Ibn Isma'il, and states that, though a 
flatterer, he is considered the best authority.^ The title of the work, 
as given above, occurs on the back of the first leaf, but is not men- 
tioned in the short preface, of a few lines only, in which the author 
names himself Kam^ Ben Jalal, the astrologer. The present MS. 
belonged to Sir John Malcolm, but I cannot discover any ground for 
the author's name being a4 he gives it. 

The Zubd at-Tirikh is not systematically divided into books or 
sections, and the accounts of the dynasties follow each other as nearly 
as possible in chronological order j many races are, however, only 
mentioned incidentally, and the author frequently confines himself to 
a mere list of names. The work is too concise to be of any great 
utility, but is valuable in that portion which treats of the early Kings 
of the Safawi dynasty. The previous part only occupies thirty-six 
leaves in the present volume. 

Contents : — 

Preface. Adam and the Prophets. The Peshdddians. The 
Kaidnians. The MuMk at-Taw£if. The Sasanians. Mu- 
hammad. 'All. Fdtimah. The Imdms, descendants of 'AH. 
'All and his descendants have each a separate chapter, in which 
occur incidentally accounts of Abd Bakr, 'Umar, and 'Usipdn ; 
of the Ban! Umayyah ; the Bani 'Abbas ; the Sdmanides ; the 
Sttfi'drides ; the Dilamites of Qil&n and Jurjan ; the Buwaihides ; 

* History of Persia, vol. i. p. 495, note. 

B 2 



(52) 

the Ohaznavides ; tbe SaljiikB of Persia ; the Assassins ; the 
At^baks of Fdrs ; and the Kharizmians. Changiz Kh^n, his 
sons and successors. Htildkd Khdn and his successors in Persia. 
The Ilk^nians. The Mozaffarides. TngM Timur Kb^. The Sar- 
baddrians. Timiir and bis successors, to Badf az-Zamdn. 'Umar 
Shaikh, and his descendants, to the time of tbe Mongol Emperor 
Shah Jabin. Tbe Salj6ks of Rdm, from their origin to their ex- 
tinction^ in A.H. 677 (a.d. 1278). Tbe Ottomans, from their 
origin to tbe time of Muhammad IV., son of Ibrdliim. Tbe 
Uzbak Kb^ns of M^ward an-Nabr, frond Abii al-Kbair Kbdn, 
to the time when the author wrote. The Kard K(ijunl6^ from 
their origin to tbe deatb of Hasan 'Ali, tbe last of tbe race. Tbe 
Ak Kdyunld, from Hasan B6g Ben 'Ali B6g, to tbe deatb of 
Alwand Beg, tbe last of tbe race, in a.h. 916 (ad. 1510). Tbe 
Safawiyah Kings of Persia, from their origin, to tbe author's 
own time, viz., a.h. 1063 (a.d. 1652). 

FoD. 115. Fifteen lines in a page. Plainly written in Nas- 
talik, in a.h. 1088 (a.d. 1677). 

Size 7^ in. by 4^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

XLIV. 



^U!l 



^]^ 



Mibat al-'Alam. — A general bistory, comprising a prefEu^e, seven 
books, and a conclusion, by Bakbtawar Kban, who composed tbe work 
in AH. 1079 (a.d. 1668), and dedicated it to tbe Emperor Aurangzib. 

Contents : — 

Preface. — Account of tbe creation, of tbe Jinn, and of Iblis. 

Book I. — Divided into four chapters. 1. History of tbe 
Patriarchs and Propbets, of Jesus Christ, of tbe Apostles, of the 
Seven Sleepers, and of St. Oeorge. 2. Account of tbe ancient 
Philosophers, d. History of tbe early Kings of Persia, com- 
prising tbe Pesbdadians, tbe Kaidnians, tbe Mul6k at-Tawaif, 
tbe Sas&nians, and tbe Akdsirab, to tbe deatb of Yazdajird. 
4. History of tbe Kings of Yaman, from Kabt^ to tbe time of 
Mubammad. 

Book II. — Divided into twelve chapters. 1—^. History of 
Mubammad. 4. Tbe first four KbalifELbs. 5. Tbe twelve Imdms. 
6. Tbe ten Mubasbsbir. 7. Tbe Companions of tbe Prophet. 
8. Tbe Disciples of tbe Companions and their disciples. 9. The 
four Mnjtahid Imdms of tbe Sunnis. 10. The seven readers of 
tbe Imuran. 11. Of tbe traditionists. 12. Of tbe Saints, Ascetics, 
and learned men of Arabia, Persia and India* 



(53) 

Book III. — Divided into eight chapters. 1. The Khalifahs of 
the Ban! Umayyah. 2. The Khali&hs of the Bani 'Abbas. 

3. The dynasties contemporary with the 'Abb^ides, comprising : 
The Tdhirides, from Tdhir Ben Husain Z6 al-Yumnain to a.h. 259 
(a.d. 872), when the last king submitted to Ya'kiib Lais. 
The Saffi^d^s, from Ya'ktib Lais to the death of Tdhir Ben 
Muhammad. The Samdnides, from Amir Isma'il to the death of 
Isma'il Ben N6h, in a.h. 395 (a.d. 1004). The Ghaznavides, 
from Mahmiid Ben Sabukta^n to the defeat and imprisonment 
of Khusr^ Malik by Shihab ad-Din Muhammad Gh(iri. The 
Ghdrides, from 'Ala ad-Din Hasan Jahdnsiiz to the death of 
Mahmdd Ben Ghiyds ad-Din and their subjugation by the Khd- 
rizmians. The'Buwaihides, from 'Imdd ad-Daulah to the death of 
Abd 'All Kai Khusr^, in a.h. 487 (ad. 1094). The Saljfiks of 
Persia, from Tughril B6g to the death of Rukn ad-Din Tughril, 
in A.H. 590 (a.d. 1193). The Saljdks of Kirmdn, from Kadard 
Ben Chakar B6g to the defeat of Muhammad Shdh by Malik 
Dindr, in a.h. 583 (a,d. 1187). The Kings of Khdrizm, from 
their origin to the expulsion of Jaldl ad-Din Mankbami by the 
Mongols. The Salghariyah Atdbaks of Fars, from Muzaffar ad- 
Din Sankar to a.h. 666 (a.d. 1267). The Atdbaks of Syria and 
Mausil, from Aksankar to the death of Malik Sdlih, son of Badr 
ad-Dln Liil(i. The Atdbaks of *Irdk and Azarbd'ijdn, from llda- 
guz to the death of Muzaffar ad-Din llzbak, in a.h.' 622 
(a.d. 1225). The Fdtimites, from Abd al-Kasim Muhammad to 
the death of Al-'Azid Lidin Allah, in a.h. 567 (a.d. 1171). The 
Assassins, from Hasan Sabdh to the death of Rukn ad-Din 
Khawar Shdh. The Kar^khitaians of Kirmdn, from Burak Hdjib 
to Kutb ad-Din Shdh Jahdn, who was deposed by Uljditfi Siiltdn. 

4. The Greek Emperors of Constantinople. The Saljiiks of R(im, 
from their origin to the death of Kai Kubad, the last of the 
dynasty. The Ddnishmandiyah of Asia Minor, from their origin 
to Isma'il, son of Zd an-Nun Ben Muhammad. The Salikiyah 
of Azarbd'ijdn, from their origin to Malik Salik Malik Shah. 
The Manktichakiyah in Azarbdijdn and Kam^kh, from their 
origin to Ddwud Shah Ben Bahrdm Shah. The Karam^nians, 
from their origin to Kdsim Beg, son of Ibrahim B^g. Zu 
al-Kadr and his successors in Maldtiyah and Abulistan, to 
'Aid ad-Daulah. The Ottomans, from Sultdn 'Usmdn Ben 
Amir Tughril to Sultdn Muhammad IV. who came to the 
throne in a.h. 1058 (a.d. 1648.) 5. The Sharifs of Makkah 
and Madinah, from Sayyid Muhammad to Sharif Sa'd Ben 
Sharif Zstid. 6. The Khans of the Turks, from their origin 
to YasCiki Bahddur, the father of Changiz Khdm 7. Changiz 



(54) 

Khin and his descendants, comprising : An account of Changiz 
Khan. Uktdi K^n and his descendants, to flchi Timur 
Kadn. Jug( Khan and his descendants, Kh^ns of Kipchak, to 
Shaikh Sadr Khdn Ben Abd al-Khair Khan. Hiilakii Khan and 
his descendants in Persia, to Nushirwan, the last of the dynasty. 
Chflght^i Khan and the Khans of Tiiran to Saltan Mahm(id 
Kh&n Ben Suyiirghatmish. The Shaibanians, or Uzbak Khans of 
M4wari an*Nahr, from Sh&hl Beg Khan Ben Pir Budak to the 
anther's own time. The Khans of Kdshgar, from Tughlak Tim6r 
Khan to the time of the anther. 8. History of the Kings of 
Persia, who reigned afiier the death of Ab(i Sa'id Bahadur, viz : 
The Ch6b£nians,^ from Amir Chdban to the death of Malik 
Ashraf. The Ilkanians, from Amir Shaikh Hasan Buzurg to the 
death of Sultan Ahmad Ben Uwais, who was slain by Kara Yiisuf, 
the Turkman. Amir Shaikh Ab(i Ishak Injii and the Muzaffa- 
rides, from Amir Mubariz ad-Din Muhammad to their extirpation 
by Timiir, in a.h. 793 (a d. 1391). The Kurts, from their origin 
to their extinction by Timdr, in a.h. 763 (a.d. 1381). TheSarba- 
darians, from their origin to the submission of Khajah 'Ali 
Muayyad to Tim(ir. 

Book IV. — Divided into five chapters. 1. Account of Timiir 
and his descendants, to the death of 'Umar Shaikh Miitk, in 
A.H. 899 (a.d. 1493). 2. Account of Sultan Husain Abii al- 
Ghdzi and his sons Badi' az-Zamdn and Muzaffar Husain Mirza. 
3. The Kar6 K(iyunl(i, from Kara Yiisuf to their extinction in 
A.H. 873 (a.d. 1468). 4. The Ak KiijmnKi, from Hasan B6g 
Ben 'All Beg to the subversion of their power by Shdh Isma'il 
Sa&wi. 5. The Safawiyah Kings of Persia, from their origin to 
the time of Sh^ Sulaiman, son of Shih 'Abbis II., who 
ascended the throne in a.h. 1077 (a.d. 1666). 

Book V. — Divided into an introduction and nine chapters. 
Introduction : containing an account of the Hindtis and of their 
kings previously to the introduction of the Islto . 1 . History of the 
Kings of Dihli, from Shihdb ad-Din Muhammad Gh6ri to Ibra- 
him LiidL 2. History of the Kings of the Dakhin,^ comprising : 
The Bahmanis of Kalbargah, from their origin to the time of 
Kalim Allah. The Baridiyah dynasty of Ahmaddbdd, from the 
time of Kasim Band to that of Amir Band Shdh II. The 
'Imddshdhis of Barar, from Fath Allah to the subjugation of 

^ Amir Ch(ib£n and his descendants are sometimes reckoned as a distinct 
dynasty, but they never aetnally attained independent power, though they virtually 
exercised sovereignty. 

3 The author states that he has derived this portion of his work from the 
Tirikh-i Firishtah, described ti^a, No. XLVIII. 



(65) 

the province by the Niz&m al-Mulkiyah. The Niiam al-Mul- 
kijah dynasty of Ahmadnagar, from their origin to their 
extinction in the time of Mnrtaza Nizam Shdh II. The 
'Adilshahiyah dynasty of Bij&p6r, from their origin to the 
time of 'AH 'Adil Shah II. The Kntb al-Mnlkiyah dynasty 
of Gulknndahy from their origin to the time of 'Abd Allah Kntb 
al-Malk, who became tributary to Sh£h Jah£n. 3. History 
of the Kings of Gujarat, from Muzaffar Khan Gujardti u> 
A.H. 980 (a.d. 1572), when Gujarat was annexed to Akbar*s 
empire. 4. History of the rvlers of Sind and Thathah, from tlie 
Mnhammadan conquest to the annexation of Sind to the Mongol 
empire, in a.h. 1001 (a.d. 1592). The rulers of Multan, from the 
Muhammadan conquest by Muhammad K^sim to the time of 
Lashkar Khan^ when Muitan became a province of the Mongol 
empire. 5. The Ptirbi Kings of Bengal, from the time of Fakhr 
ad-Din to a.h. 983 (a.d. 1575),^ when Bengal became annexed to 
the empire of Akbar. 6. The Kings of Malwah, to a.h. 977 
(a.d. 1569),' when Bdz Bah^ur submitted to Akbar's forces. 
7. The F^rukiyah Kings of Khandish, from the time of Malik 
Rajah to a.h. 1008 (a.d. 1599), when Bahddnr Kb4n submitted 
to Akbar. 8. The Shark! dynasty of Jaunpdr, from the time of 
Khdjah Jahdn to the subversion of the monarchy by Sikandar 
L6di and the death of Sultan Husain Sharki, the last of the 
dynasty. 9. The Kings of Kashmir, from the introduction of 
the Isldm, by Shah Mir Shams ad- Din, to the time when Kashmir 
became annexed to Akbar's empire. 

Book VI. — History of the Mongol Emperors of Hindtistiiu, 
divided into five chapters. 1. Babar. 2. Humaytin. 3. Akbar 
4. Jahangir. 5. Shah Jahan. 

Book VII. — History of the Emperor Aurangzib 'Alamgir, 
divided into three chapters. 1. Account of his life, previous to 
his accession, and of the first ten years of his reign. 2. Account 
of his character and virtues, and of his children, and of the 
different provinces and Siibahs of Hind(istdn ; also an account of 
the contemporary sovereigns, 3. Biographies of holy and learned 
men, from the time of Akbar, and of celebrated caligraphists. 
A narration of remarkable events and wonderful things, and a 
notice of the labours of the author. 

Conclusion — Biographies of po^ts, arranged in alphabetical 
order. 

This most comprehensive history, though in many respects to 

1 In l^e Tabak^t-i Akbarsliihf this date is a.h. 984 (▲.]>• 1576). See ir^^, 
p. 60, note 3. 

2 Firishtah gives the date a.h. 978 (a.d. 1570}. 



(56) 

concise, is of considerable yalue, especially in its biographical portione. 
It is of rare occurrence. 

Foil. 282. Twenty-nine and thirty-one lines in a page. Written 
partly in Nasta'lik and partly in Shikastah Amiz and Shikastah. 

Size 174 in- by 10 in. (J. Ronier, Esq.) 

XLV. 

MirAt-i AftAb NumA. — A general history, comprising an intro- 
duction, two parts, and a conclusion, by the Nawab 'Abd ar-Rahman 
Shah Nawiz Khan Hdshimi Banbdni al-Dihlawi, who dedicated his 
work to Shah 'Alam. The date of the composition of this history 
is expressed by its title, the letters of which form a chronogram, and, 
according to the Abjad, give the date a.h. 1217 (a.d. 1802). 

I hare not been able to ascertain any particulars of the life of Shah 
Nawdz Khan, except that he was prime-minister of Shdh 'Alam. It 
is necessary to remark that he must not be confounded with his more 
celebrated namesake the Nawdb Samsam ad-Danlah Sh&h Nawaz 
Khan, the Diwan of the Dakhin under Saldbat Jang, and the author of 
the Madsir al-Umard.' 

The contents of the Mirdt-i Aftdb Numd is as follows : 

Introduction. — On the advantages of the study of history. 

Part I. — Divided into six books, each of which is subdivided 
into several chapters. 

Book I. — An account of the creation, and of created beings and 
things. 

Book II. — History of the Prophets, from the time of Adam to 
that of Muhammad. 

Book III. — The history of Muhammad, of the first four Khali- 
fahs, and of the twelve Imdms. 

Book IV. — Account of celebrated S(ifis, Darwishs, and religious 
men and sects ; and biographies of 'Ulama and lawyers, physi- 
cians and philosophers, poets and caligraphists. 

Book v. — An account of various dynasties. The author in 
this book gives the names of almost every dynasty that has 
ruled in the East, but adds little more, and generally dis- 
misses a dynasty with a simple statement of the number of kings. 
Occasionally, however, we find a concise history of one or more of 
the most remarkable persons of certain races. This is the case in 
the following instances, viz. : The Peshdddians. The Kaianians. 

> Described infrhy Nob CI-CIII. 



(57) 

The Muluk at-Tawaif. The Sdsdnians. The Kings of BabyloD, 
Syria, of the Jews, and of the Greeks. The Himydrites. The 
Ethiopians. The Turks, from Japhet. The Khalififths of the 
Bani Umayyah and Bani 'Abb^s. The Suffdrides. The Sdma- 
nides. Tl^ Ghaznavides. The Kings of Gildn, and the Bu- 
waihides. The Saljuks. The Atdbaks of Fdrs. The Ghiirides. 
The Kings of Dihli. The Changizkhdnians. The Kings of 
Gnjarat. The Bahmanis. The Safawis of Persia. The Afghans 
of Dihli. The Hindii Rdjahs of India. I have not thought it 
necessary to specify the other dynasties mentioned in this book, 
the information being so scanty as to be of no utUity. 

Book VI. — History of Tfmur and his descendants, and of the 
Mongol Emperors of Hindustan to the thirtieth year of Shdh 
'Alam, viz., a.u. 1202 (a.d. 1787). Biographies of the Amirs 
and Wazlrs who flourished in the time of the Timdrides, and au 
account of celebrated singers and musicians, comprising a descrip- 
tion of the various musical modes, &c. 

Part II. — Is divided into eight books. 

Book I-VII. — A description of the seven climates, and of the 
places, provinces, and cities situate therein. 

Book VIII. — An account of the seven seas. 

Conclusion. — ^Giving an account of divers wonderful things, 
strange animals, &c. 

The Mirat-i Aftab Numd is a work of little or no value as a his- 
tory. The biographical part, especially Book 4 of Part I., is, how- 
ever, very interesting \ and the concluding portion of Book 6 is 
worthy of notice, as one of the sources to be consulted on the curious 
subject of the music of Asia. 

It is to be observed that there is some discrepancy between the 
division into Books, <&c., of the first Part, in the body of the work, 
and in the account given of such division in the preface. This discre- 
pancy occurs both in the present volume, and in the only other MS. 
I have had an opportunity of consulting (Brit. Mus., No. 16,697).* 
For instance. Book 5 of Part I., is called in the Rubrics, Book 6 : 
the actual Book 6, containing the history of Timiir and his descendants, 
appearing merely as a chapter ; and the account of the musicians, which 
it must be observed is not mentioned at all in the preface, is headed 
Book 9. The subject-matter, however, follows in the order given 

> The British Museum MS. was presented by the author to Colonel D. Och- 
terloney, was subsequently given by the Colonel to Major Yule, and now forms 
part of the valuable collection of MSS. offered by the sons of the latter officer to 
our national library. 



(58) 

in the preface, and there is no ground for supposing that anything 
has been omitted. 

FolL 402. Seventeen lines in a page. WeU written in Nas- 
talik, in a.h. 1228 (a.d. 1813). 

Sise llf in. by 6| in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 



III.— INDIA, 
1. General Histories of India. 

XLVI. 

•♦ 

TabakAt-i AkbarshAhi.^ — A general history of India, by the 
Khdjah Nizam ad-Din Ahmad Ben Muhammad Mnklm al-Harawi, 
who composed his work in a.h. 1002 (a.d. 1593).' 

The Khajah Mukim, the father of the author, was Diwdn of the 
household of Babar, and subsequently served under the Emperors 
Hum^ydn and Akbar. In the twenty-ninth year of Akbar's reign, 
Nizdm ad-Din was appointed Bakhshi of Gujardt, which office he 
held for a long time. He died in a.h. 1003 (a.d. 1594). 

The Tabakdt-i Akbarshdhi is the first work especially devoted to 
the general history of India, excluding that of other coimtries, and 
was compiled by its author from the most authentic sources. Much of 
the work is very concise, but the first book is particularly important, 
and full of most interesting detail : it occupies about one-half of the 
entire history. Firishtah, and other subsequent writers, have borrowed 
freely from this work of Niz^m ad-Din Ahmad. 

In the preface the author gives the following table of contents : 

Introduction. — ^Containing the history of the Ghaznavides. 

Book I. — History of the Kings of Dihli. 

Book II. — History of the Kings of the Dakhin. 



^ This work is sometiines called the T&rikh-i Niz^mf, by which name it is 
quoted in the Mmitakhab at-Taw&nkh. as well as in the Makhzan-i Afghtoi. In 
the Bauzat at-T^irin it appears to be called the Tllr£kh-i Sultin Niz&mt But 
the name by which it is best known in literary circles is the Tabak^t-i Akbari. 
Elliot, Bibl. Index, toL I p. 178. 

^ The autluMr, in his prdaoe, states that he has brought the histoiy down to 
▲•B. 1001 {a,i>. 1&92), bat in the body of his work the events of another year ai« 
recorded. 



(59) 

Book III. — History of the Kings of Gi\jardt. 

Book IV. — History of the Kings of Bengal. 

Book V. — History of the Kings of Milwah. 

Book VI. — History of the Kings of Jaanplir. 

Book VI I. — History of the Kings of Sind. 

Book VIII. — History of the Kings of Kashmir. 

Book IX. — History of the Kings of Moltdn. 

Conclusion. — Treating of things peculiar to India, and miscel- 

laneons remarks (jjil^ ^^^UsT*). 

Colonel Stewart states in his account of this work^ that the Intro- 
duction consists of some general remarks on the ancient history of India 
and the Hindis ; he assigns the account of the Ghaznarides to the 
first hook^ and omits to mention altogether the hiistory of Kashmir. 
Sir Henry Elliot, in his description of the Tabakat-i Akbarshihi, 
reproduces the table of contents from Stewart's Catalogue,' but 
remarks in a note that it contains both more and less than he has seen 
in other copies. The table of contents given by the author appears, 
however, to be correct, as it coincides with the MSS. consulted by Sir 
Henry Elliot, with the present MS., and with several others to which 
I have had an opportunity of referring,' all of which comprise the 
same matter ; the present MS. and one other differing from the rest 
merely in the order of sequence of the books. 

Contents : — 

Introduction.— History of the Ghaznavides, from the titne of 
Sabuktagin to that of Khusrli Malik Ben Khusrii Sh^h, King of 
L^hiir, who was conquered by Shihdb ad-Din Muhammad Ghdri, 
in ▲.a. 583 (a.d. 1187), and was subsequently put to death by 
his order. 

Book I. — History of the Kings of Dihli, from the time oi 
Shihab ad-Din Muhammad Ghiiri ; comprising : The history of 
Kutb ad-Din Aibak. Taj ad-Din Yalduz. Ndsir ad-Din Kubd- 
chah. Bahd ad-Din Tughril. The first fotir Khilji princes of 
Lakhnanti. Ardm Sh&h, and his successors at Dihli. The Khilji 
Kings of Dihli. The house of Tughlak. The Sayyids. The 
Afghan Kings of Dihli, from Buhlul Liidi, to the defeat of Ibra- 
him, son of Sikandar Liidi, by Bdbar, in a.h. 932 (a.d. 1525). 

' Cstalogne of the Library of Tippoo Sultan, p. 1 1. Stewart*B table of con- 
tents is very inoorreot 

s EUiot, Bibl. Index, v»l. i.p. 179. 

3 East India Company*8 Library, Xos. 731^ 967, 997, 998. 



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Bdbar. Humdy^n. SMr Shdh (who expelled Humayun) and 
his successors^ to the extinction of the Afghan power at Dihli, 
and ' Akbar s accession to the throne at Kalan^r ; continuing the 
history of Hind^stdn to a.h. 989 (a.d. 1581).^ 

Book II. — A concise history of the Kings of the Dakhin, com- 
prising : The Bahmani dynasty, from 'Aid ad-Din Hasan, who 
founded the monarchy in a.h. 748 (a.d. 1347), to its extinction 
in A.H. 935 (a.d. 1528). The Nizdmshdhi Kiugs of the Bahri 
dynasty of Ahmadnagar, from the foundation of the monarchy, 
to A.H. 999 (a.d. 1590), when Burhdn Nizam Shdh was still 
reigning. The 'Adilshdhi Kiugs of Bijdpur, from the origin of 
the dynasty to a.h. 1002 (a.d. 1593), when Ibrahim *Adil Shdh II. 
was on the throne. The Kutb al-Mulkiyah Kings of Gulkundah, 
from their origin to a.h. 1002 (a.d. 1593), when Muhammad 
Kuli Kutb Shdh was regnant. 

Book III. — The history of the Kings of Gujardt, from the 
beginning of a.h. 793 (a.d. 1390) to a.h. 980 (a.d. 1572), when 
that kingdom became a province of Akbar's empire. 

Book IV.— The history of Mdlwah, from a.h. 809 (a.d. 1406) 
to its incorporation with the kingdom of Gujardt in a.h. 937 
(a.d. 1530); and a continuation of the history, to a.h. 977 
(a.d. 1569), when Bdz Bahadar submitted to Akbar, after a reign 
of sixteen years.' 

Book v.— History of Bengal, from the time of Sultdn Fakhr 
ad-Din, in a.h. 741 (a.d. 1340) to. a.h. 984 (a.d. 1576), when 
Ddwud Ben Sulaimdn Kardni was defeated by Akbar's forces, 
and slain, and Bengal was annexed to the empire of the 
Mongols.' 

Book yi. — The history of the Sharki dynasty of Jaunpiir, 



' The history of Akbar*8 reign only extends thus far in the present MS., but 
in the other copies that I have seen it is continued to a.h. 1002 (a.d. 1593), the 
thirty-eighth year of Akbar, and concludes with an account of the Amirs, learned 
and holy men, physicians, poets, &e., who lived during the early part of the reign. 
The portion of the present MS., which relates to Akbar, is exceedingly faulty, 
omissions are frequent and considerable, and it ends abruptly ; taking up the thread 
o^ the narrative, without a break in the line, in the midst of the account of the 
Shaikhs. In addition to these imperfections the leaves in this part of the volume 
have been misplaced by the binder. 

3 Firishtah places his submission in a.h. 978 '(a.d. 1570), and says that he 

reigned seventeen years : the Mir^t al-*Alam agrees with the Tabaklit-i Akbarsh^hi. 

3 Firishtah says that D^wud was slain in a.h. 983 (a.d. 1575), and the Mirdt 

a*.'Ahun gives the chronogram c;^ J.^ JJ ^^UjJ^ CXL< ^hich fixes his 

death in the same year. 



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from tbe oommenoement of a.h. 784 (a.d. 1382)^^ the time of the 
accession' of Khajah Jahdn ash-Sharki, the first independent 
King of Jaunpiir, to the extinction of the monarchy in a.h. 881 
(a.d. 1476), when Sultdn Hnsain Ben Mahmiid Shah Shark! was 
defeated by Sikandar Ben Buhlul, King of Dihli. 

Book VII. — History of the Muhammadan Kings of Kashmir, 
from A.H. 715 (a.d. 1315) to a.h. 992 (a.d. 1584) : that is, from 
the time of Shams ad- Din Sh&h Mir, to the period when Y4snf 
Shdh agreed to pay tribute to the Mongol Emperor. 

Book VIII. — History of Sind, from a.h. 86 (a.d. 705), but 
more especially of the Jami and Arghiiniyah dynasties, to the 
snbpiission of Mirza Jdni Beg to Akbar, and the final annexation 
of the whole province to the Mongol empire, in a.h. 1001 
(a.d. 1592). 

Book IX. — The history of Multdn, from the Muhammadan 
conquest by Muhammad Kasim, but more particularly of the 
independent monarchy established by Shaikh Y^suf, in a.h. 847 
(a.d. 1443) to the time when that province was annexed to the 
Mongol empire. 

Conclusion. — ^A concise statement, comprised in a few lines, of 
the area of Akbar's empire, the number of cities and villa^nes 
therein, and of its revenue. 

Short extracts from the Tabakdt-i Akbarsh^i have been published 
by Sir H. Elliot, in text and translation ; they relate to the Ghazna- 
vides, to Khizr Khan Ben Sulaiman, the first of the Sayyid dynasty of 
Dihli, and to Akbar.* 

Foil. 517. Twenty-one lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Nasta'lik hand. The present MS. is imperfect in many places, and 
IS very deficient in the portion relating to the reign of Akbar, which 
terminates abruptly.' It is, moreover, difficult of reference, from 
the leaves having been misplaced by the binder, and from the entire 
omission of the rubrics after fol. 283. 

Size 9f in. by 4| in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 



^ All the MSS. that I have seen gire the date at the head of this book as 
above, but the book itself commences with an accoimt of Khajah Jahto, the first 
King of Jannpdr, who was sent to that province by Sult&n Mahmtid ShiUi, King of 
Dihlf, in a.h. 796 (a.d. 1393). This latter date, moreover, coincides with the 
aothor's prefitce as given in the India House MS. No. 997* 

3 Elliot, BibL Ind. Vol i. p. 186, and C-?Uku^ p. PV. 
' See tupriLy p. 60, note 1. 



(62) 
XL VII. 

• J- ??>" 

TARiKH-i HAKKi.— A compendious general history of the Muham- 
madan dynasties of India, to the time of Akbar, by the Shaikh 'Abd 
al-Hakk Ben Saif ad-Din Dihlawi, who composed his work in 
A.H. 1005 (a.d. 1596). 

*Abd al-Hakk was a descendant of one of Timor's followers. He 
wrote numerous works on various subjects, amounting altogether to 
more than one hundred.^ I have not been able to ascertain the year of 
his death, but Sir Henry Elliot, quoting the Pddshdh Namah of 'Abd 
al-Hamid Ldhuri, says that "in the year 1047 h., although he was 
then ninety years old, he is said to have been in full possession of his 
^Etculties, and to have employed himself in religious duties, in instruc- 
tion and composition, as vigorously as if he had been still a young 
man.**' 

The Tdrlkh-i Hakki is too concise to be of any great utility, but 
that portion which is drawn from extraneous sources is taken from 
the best authorities ; and as the remainder depends upon verbal infor- 
mation and the personal observation of the author, it is worthy 
of notice. It may, however, be considered as supeneded by the 

^1^*111 ijjj Zubdat at-Tawdrikh, which is a second and enlarged 

edition of the work of 'Abd al-Hakk, by his son Shaikh N6r al-Hakk 
al-Mushraki al-Dihlawi al-Bukh^ri. I have not met with this latter 
work, but Sir Henry Elliot states that it commences with the reign of 
Kntb ad-din, and ends with the dose of Akbar's reign, which is 
copiously abstracted from the Akbar Ndmah, and comprises one-half 
of the entire history of the Dihli emperors.' The present MS. is the 
only copy of the Tdrikh-i Hakki that I have seen ; there is a lacuna 
between the second and third leaves, and the author's name does not 
appear. It contains : — 

The history of Shihdb ad-Din Muhammad Ghtiri and the 
Slave Kings of Dihli, from a.h. 588 (a.d. 1192) to Mu'izz 
ad-Din Kai Kubdd. The Khilji Kings of Dihli. The house 
of Tughlak. The Sayyids, from Khizr Khan to 'Aid ad-Din 
Ben Muhammad Shdh. The house of L^di, from Sultdn Buhltil 
to the defeat of Ibrahim Shdh, the last of the Afghdn Kings of 
Dihli, by Bdbar, in a.h. 982 (a.d. 1525.) The Mongol Emperors 

1 Elliot, Bibl. Index, vol. I p. 274. * Ibid vol. i. p. 275. 

» Ibid. vol. i. p. 282. 



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B&bar and Humiy^n. The usurpation of SbSr Shdh S(ir and hid 
fittocessors. The restoration and death of Hnm^jdn and the acces- 
sion of Akbar. The Snltdns and Goyemors of Bengal^ from Mu- 
hammad Bakhtydr Khilji to the defeat of Ddwud Khan Ben Sulai- 
m&n Kardni byAkbar's forces. The Sharki Kings of Jaunpiir, from 
Kh&jah Jahdn to the subjugation of the principalitj, by Sikandar 
Ludi, in a.h. 881 (a.d 1476). The Kings of the Dakhiii, yiz. : 
the Bahmani dynasty of Kalbargah, from 'Aid ad-Din Hasan 
Gdng(i to Kalim Allah, who was deposed by his minister Amfr 
Barid; the Niz&mshdhi dynasty of Ahmadnagar, from their 
origin to a.h. 1005 (a.d. 1596), when the author wrote; the 
origin of the 'Adilshahi dynasty of Bijdpur, and an account 
of Isma'il 'Adil Khdn. Account of Ohiy^ ad-Din Ben Mah- 
mM Khilji, King of Malwah, and of his successors Ndsir ad-Din 
and 'Aid ad-Din Sultdn Mahmud II., to a.h. 937 (a.d. 1530), 
when Mdlwah became incorporated with Gujardt. 

Sir Henry Elliot has given some extracts from the Tdrikh-i Hakki, 
both in the original and translation, relating to the Kings of Dihli.^ 
Foil. 118. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
Size 9 in. by 5| in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XL VIII. 

TArIkh-i Firishtah. — A general history of India> comprising an 
introduction, twelve books, and a conclusion, by Muhammad Kdsim 
Hindu Shdh, sumamed Firishtah, who dedicated his work to Ndsir ad- 
Din Ibrdhim 'Adil Shdh of Bijdpiir, in a.h. 1018 (a.d. 1609). 

There is considerable uncertainty as to the time both of the birth 
and death of Firishtah. General Briggs eskjB that he was bom at 
Astarabdd, about a.d. 1570, and supposes that he died in a.d, 1612.' 
M. Mohl, however, places his birth in a.d. ] 550^' and thinks that he 
revised his work- at least up to a.d. 1623. Sir Henry Elliot states 
these differences, but has not cleared up the doubt ; * he, however, 

1 EUiot, Bibl. Index. Vol. i. p. 276, and C-?UkU^ p. 1 ^ 

« 

^ Briggs, History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India. 4 vols. 
Bvo. London, 1829. Vol. i* Preface, pp. xl — xliy. 

3 Journal des Savans, 1840, p. 213. 

* Elliot, Bibl. Index, vol. i. p. 310. I must add, that in the MS. described 
i^frhf No. XLIX., it is stated that the author corrected the history of the Barid- 
shiihis of Bidar to a.h. 1036 (a.d. 1626;, when Barid Shih. was in bondage at 



(64) 

inclines to the opinion of M. Mobl as regards Firishtah's birth. 
Firishtah, in his yonnger days, held considerable offices under Mnrtaza 
Nizdm Shdh of Ahmadnagar, and enjoyed the favour of his successor 
Mir^n Hnsain Nizam Shah ; subsequently to the death of the latter, 
he left Ahmadnagar and proceeded to Bijapur^ where he arrived, as he 
himself tells us in his preface, in a.h. 998 (a.d. 1589). Ibrdhim 
*Adil Shdh, shortly after his arrival, persuaded him to undertake his 
history, which he did accordingly, and dedicated it to his sovereign 
and patron, in a.h. 1018 (a.d. 1609). He mentions in the preface no 
less than thirty-five works which he consulted in the composition of 
his history.^ The Tdrikh-i Firishtah is remarkable for its impartiality; 
but as the author was a Shl'ah it is somewhat tainted with prejudice 
against the Sunnis. Sir Henry Elliot observes that he does not even 
flatter the prince in whose reign he lived ; a rare excellence in Mu- 
hammadan historians. 

Contents ; — 

Introduction. — On the ^ras of the Hindds. The history of the 
^arly Kings of India, and of the rise and progress of Muham- 
madaniam in that country. 

Book I. — Histoiy of the Ghaznavides, Kings of Ghazn(n and 
Lahtir, from Sabuktagin to the defeat of Khusru Malik, by Mu- 
hammad Ghtiri, in a.h. 582 (a.d. 1186).' 

Book II. — Histoiy of the Kings of Dihli, from the time of 
Shihab ad-Din Muhammad Ghiiri, comprising : An account of Kutb 
ad-Din Aibak. Taj ad-Din Yalduz. Ar&m Shdh. Shams ad- Din 
Altamish and his successors. The Khiljis. The house of Tughlak. 
The Sayyids. The Afghdns, to the defeat of Sultdn Ibrdhim Ben 
Sultdn Sikandar, the last of the Afghdn dynasty^ by Bdbar, in 
A.H. 932 (a.d. 1525). Bdbar. Humdydn. Shir Shah and his 
successors. Restoration of Humdyun and his death. Reign of 
Akbar, to his death in a.h. 1014 (a.d. 1605). 

UU^^l JuJu ly Ucy jJ i\j^ tX) J In the Bnme MS., at the end of the 
history of Mlilwidi, it is also stated that that portion of the work was completed 

in the same year, c:^-^! (^\ ^jJJ^ (C*-^ <U-9 ^ ^jUj ^\ \j 

' Briggs, History, &c., vol, i. Preface, p. xlix. General Briggs adds that, be- 
sides the works specified in the author's preface, quotations are made from twenty 
others in the body of the work. The titles of these are given in a note by the 
learned general. Ibid, p. 1, note. 

' Most historians state that this event ocenrred in the following year. 



(65) 

Book III. — History of the Kings of the Dakhin, divided into 
six chapters, viz. : I. The Bahmanis of Kalhargah and Bidar, 
from the time of 'AU ad-Din Hasan Gangu, the first of the Bah- 
mani dynasty^ to the death of Kalim Allah, the last Bahmanl 
king, at Ahmadabad, in a.h. 934 (a.d. 1527). 2. The 'Adil- 
shahiyah dynasty of Bijdpdr, from the time of Yusuf 'Adil 
Shah to A.H. 1005 (a.d. 1596). 3. The Nizdmshdhiyah dynasty 
of Ahmadnagar, from the time of Ahmad Nizdm Sbdh Bahri to 
A.H. 1016 (a.d. 1607). 4. The Kutbshdhiyah dynasty of Tilang 
or Gnlknndah, from the origin of the family to a.h. 995 (a.d. 1 586). 
5. The 'Imad al-Mulkiyah djnasty of Bar^r, from the origin of 
the family to the conquest of Tufdl Khdn, by Mnrtaza Nizam 
Shdh, and his death in a.h. 982 (a.d. 1574).^ 6. The Baridi- 
yah dynasty of Bidar, from their origin to a.h. 1018 (a.d. 1609), 
when Amir Barid Shah was on the throne, and the author wrote 
this portion of his work.^ 

Book IV. — History of the Kings of Gujarat, from a.h. 793 
(a.d. 1390) to the reign of Muzaffar III., and the final destruc- 
tion of the monarchy, by Akbar, in a.h. 991 (a.d. 1583). 

Book V. — History of the Kings of Mdlwah and Mandu, from 
A.H. 710 (a.d. 1310) to the death of Sultan Mahmtid II. in 
A.H. 937 (a.d. 1530), when Malwah became incorporated with 
Gujarat/ continuing the history to a.h. 978 (a.d. 1570), when 
Malwah was annexed to Akbar's empire.^ 

Book VI. — History of the Fdrukiyah Kings of Khandish, from 
the time of Malik R^jah Fdrdki to a.h. 1008 (a.d. 1599).<^ 

Book VII. — History of the Purbi dynasty of Bengal, from the 
time of Fakhr ad-Din to a.h. 983 (a.d. 1575) ; and of the Sharki 
dynasty of Jaunp(ir, from the time of Khajah Jahan to a.h. 881 
(a.d. 1476)^ when the principality was destroyed by Sikandar 
LMi. 

Book VIII. — History of the Rulers of Sind, Thathah, and 
Multdn ; comprising an account of Ndsir ad-Din Kabachah ; of 

' Briggs omits this date in his translation. 

^ See suprhf p. 63, note 4. 

3 General Briggs states in his translation of the history of M&lwah, that 
Mahmfid II. was slain in a.b. 932 (a.d, 1525). In the Mirit-i Ahmadi, the 
death of Hahmtid is said to have happened in the early part of a.h. 938 
(a.d. 1631), but the Tabak&t-i Akbarshdhi and the T£rfkh-i Hakki pkoe it in 
A.H. 937 (a.d. 1530), as does also Firishtah in that portion of his work which 
relates to the history of Gujarat. 

^ See suprhy p. 60, note 2. 

' Firishtah states that Bahidur Eh^n, the last of the F^rdkfs, was subsequently 
sent to Akbaribid, where he was maintained by the Emperors Akbar and Jah^ngir 
nntU his death in a.h. 1033 (a.d. 1623). 



(66) 

the S^maiahs and SCkmanahs, or Jdmi dynasty of Sind ; and of 
the Arghtiniyah dynasty ; from ▲.H. 87 (a.d. 705) to the death of 
Snltdn Mahmud Khan of Bhakar in a.h. 982 (a.d. 1574) and the 
annexation of Sind to Akbar's empire in a.h. 1001 (a.d. 1592). 

Book IX. — History of the Kings of Multdn, from the conquest 
hy Muhammad Kdsim, until Multdn became a province of the 
Mongol empire in the reign of Hnmaydn. 

Book X. — Account of Kashmir and the history of that pro- 
vince, from the introduction of the Isldm, under Shdh Mir 
Shams ad-Din^ to its annexation to Akbar's empire, in a.h. 995 
(a.d. 1586). 

Book XI. — Account of the Muhammadans in Malabar. 

Book XII. — Account of the Saints of India. 

Conclusion. — An account of the climate and geography of 
India. 

There is some discrepancy as to the division of the books in the 
various MSS. of Firishtah, which I have consulted.^ In the prefiices to 
all the MSS. I have seen, the books are mentioned as twelve in number, 
and their subjects are enumerated in the present MS. and four others.' 
In all these prefaces, and in that to the text edited by General Briggs, the 
history of the Kings of Multdu precedes the history of Sind, but in the 
body of the work, in each instance, the order as given above is observed. 
In all the MSS. but one,* the histoiy of Sind is divided into two books, 
the former containing the Rulers of Sind, &c., and the latter the Jdmi and 
Arghuniyah dynasties, which would make thirteen books. The books, 
however, are in such cases always falsely numbered. In the present 
MS. the history of Kashmir and the account of Malabdr, are both 
called Book XL ; and, in the old MS. of the India House,* the his- 
tories of the Jam! dynasty and of the Kings of Multdn are both 
headed as Book IX., as is likewise the case in the MS. next follow- 
ing. The MS. described below (No. L.) divides the history of Sind 
into two books, and numbers them as VIII. and IX., and so goes on, 
heading the account of Malabar as the Twelfth Book, omitting the 
account of the Saints, and the Conclusion. In my own complete MS. 
the numbering is even still more defective. 

The Tdrikh-i Firishtah is called the Gulshan-i Ibrdhimi, and the 



1 That is, MSS. of the entire work. Three are in the Society*8 collection, 
viz., the present MS. and Nos. XLIX. and L. ; two in the library of the East 
India House, Nos. 135 and 1251, the last having been transcribed in a.h. 1058 
(a.o. 1648) ; and one in my own possession. 

3 No. LII. ti^a. MS. B. I. H. No. 135. and two others in my Ubrary. 

3 MS. E. I. H. No. 136. MS. E. I. H, No. 12«. 



(67) 

Naonw Naraah^ by the aaihor himself, and is often quoted under the 
name of the Tarikh-i IbT4himi« The former name is derived from 
the king to whom the author dedicated his history ; and the latter, 
from the new capital of the Bijdpiir monarchy, which his patron 
Ibrahim 'Adil Shdh commenced building, in a.d. 1599.^ 

The entiee text of the T^rikhri Firishtah was lithographed, and 
published at Bombay, in 1831.' This edition we owe to the learning 
and perseyerance of Major-General John Briggs, who prepared it for 
the press, and superintended its publication. General Briggs was 
assisted in his laborious task by a learned native, Munshi Mir Kbairat 
'AH Khdn Musht^ of Akbardbad.* 

The first two books of the work were translated by Colonel A. Dow, 
in 1768, but in an imperfect manner. Other editions appeared sub- 
sequently.* The Eleventh Book, containing the account of Malabar, 
was published by Mr. Anderson, in 1786, both in the original and in 
translation.' Captain Jonathan Scott, the translator of the Bahdr-i 
Ddnish, gave an English version of the history of the Dakhin, in 1794, 
which was subsequently republished in London in 4to. and 8 vo.' These 
translations have been entirely superseded by the admirable version of 
the whole work, which we owe to General Briggs,^ the accomplished 
editor of the Persian, text. Sir Henry Elliot justly says that the 
work of (General Briggs " has thrown others into the shade, and is by 
far the most valuable storehouse of facts connected with the Muham- 



1 Briggs, Histoey, &c^ toL i. p. zliv.— Ellio^ BibL Index, vol. i. p. 315. 

' JuJ^J ^X) Tarikhi-Feriflhta, «r History of the Rise of the Mobimmedan 

Power in India, till the year A.D. 1612, by Mahomed Kasim Feriahta of Astrabad, 
edited and collated firom varions MSS. by Major-General John Briggs, assisted by 
Munshi Mir Eheirat Ali Khan Mushtak of Akberabad. 2 vols., fol. Bombay, 
1831. 

> Mir Ehairat 'AH was Persian Secretary of the Sit^rah residency. He 
assisted Dr. Bird in his translation of the Mir&t-i Ahmadf, and is mentioned by 
that gentleman in terms of high praise for his knowledge of the Persian language 
and of Mnhammadan history. 

* The histoty of Hindostan, from the earliest account of time to the death of 
Akber, tranaUted firom the Persian of Mahummud Casim Ferishtah, by Alexander 
Dow. 2 vola.^ 4tQ. London, 1768. 2nd edit, 3 vols., 4to. London, 1770-72. 
3rd edit, 3 vols., 8vo. London, 1792. 4th edit, 3 vols., 8vo. London, 1803. 

' Asiatick MisoeUany. 4to. Calcutta, 1786. Vol. ii. p. 278 etseq. 

^ Ferishta*8 History of Dekkan, from the first Mahnmmedan conquests, by 
Jonathan Scott 2 vols., 4ta Shrewsbury, 1794. 2nd edit 2 vols. 4to. London, 
1800. 3 vols. 8yo. London. 

7 The History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India till a.h. 1612, 
transited from the original Persian of Mahomed Kasim Ferishta, by John Briggs. 
4 yolsi, 8yo. London, 1829. 

F 2 



(68) 

medan dynasties of India, which is accessible to the English reader."^ 
Sir Henry Elliot himself has also pnblished the text and translation 
of several extracts.' The present MS. is one of the originals of the 
collated edition,' from which the text, as edited by General Briggs, 
was lithographed. 

Foil. 602. Twenty-one lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik. 

Size 16} in. by 16^ in. (General Briggs.) 

XLIX. 

TARiKH-i FiRisHTAH. — Firishtah's history of India. 

Foil. 593. Twenty-five lines in a page. Plainly written in Nasta'lik, 
in A.H. 1147 (a.d. 1734). There is a note on the back of the first leaf, 
stating that this MS. was purchased for the library of the Mongol 
Emperor Muhammad Shah in that year. 

Size 13| in. by 8^ in. (General Briggs.) 

L. 

TArIkh-i Firishtah. — Firishtah's history of India. 

This MS. omits a great part of the Introduction, the account of the 

Saints, and the Conclusion : the account of Malabar is numbered as 

Book XII. 

FolL 576. Twenty-three lines in a page. Plainly written in 

Nasta'lik, in a.h. 1159 (a.d. 1746.) 

Size 16 in. by 9 in. (General Briggs.) 

LI. 

TArIkh-i Firishtah. — Firishtah's history of India. 

This MS. comprises the Introduction, omitting, however, a con- 
siderable portion, and the first two books, ending with the death of 
Akbar. 

Foil. 349. Seventeen lines in a page. Clearly written in Nas- 
te'lik. 

Size Hi in. by 7 in. (General Briggs.) 

1 Elliot, Bibl. Index, vol. L p. 318. 

' Elliot, BibL Index, voL i. p. 322, and C^UsAX« P* Vl 

^ The collation was completed in the year 1826. 



(69) 
LII. 

TARf KH-i FiRisHTAH. — Firishtah*s history of India. 
This MS. comprises the Introduction and the first two books, 
ending with the death of Akbar. 

Foil. 322. Nineteen lines in a page. Plainly written in Nasta'lik. 
Size 11^ in. by 7 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

LIII. 

Khulasat at-TawArikh. — A general history of India^ from the 
earliest times to the death of the Emperor Aarangzib 'Alamgir, by 
Sanj^n' R£i Munshi. 

Contents : 

Author's Prefiioe.— -Account of the Hindtis, their sacred books^ 
religious sects, and casts. A description of the various Siibahs of 
Hindtistdn. The history of the Hindu Rajahs of India. History 
of the Muhammadan dynasties of India, comprising : the Ghaz- 
navides, from Sabuktagin to Khushi Malik. The Kings of Dihii, 
viz., Shihdb ad-Din Muhammad Ghtiri and his successors ; the 
Khilji Kings of Dihli ; the house of Tughlak ; the Sayyids; and 
the Afghan dynasty, to the time of Sultdn Sikandar Liidi. The 
Shark! dynasty of Jaunp(ir, from the time of Khdjah Jahdn to 
Sultdn Husain Khdn,who was conquered by Sikandar Ludi. Sultdn 
Ibrdhim Ben Sikandar Lddi, who was defeated by Bdbar, in 
A.H. 932 (a.d. 1525). Bdbar and his ancestors, from Timur. 
The Kings of Multdn, from the assertion of independence, by 
Shaikh Yiisuf, to the time of Lashkar Khdn, when Multdn became 

» This name is written Xs^ "^ ***® present MS., but somewhat indistinctly. 
In the two MSS. next following {ir^d.^ Nos. LIV. and LV.), it appears respec- 
tively as . .jI^^Uj &i^<1 ..tWU) u^ the latter instance without the diacritical 
points. In a MS. in the British Museum, however (Addit. MS. I^o. 6559), it is 
plainly written and pointed ...I^^Lj Ii^ ^^ h^t of authorities quoted in the 
preface to the second edition of theMaitoir al•Umarl^ described infrhj No. CHI, 

the work is mentioned as ^LljU JkCiilft J^ jJ ^ ^j\^\ X^ JL>^ 
ijj^ A jC» JuUb . " The Ehul&sat at*Taw£rfkb, which was written by a cer* 
tain Hind(i, in the time of 'Alamgir P&dsh&h.** 



(70) 

subject to the Mongol empire. Hamdyun. Shir Shdh and his 
successors. Restoration of Humdjdn and his death. History of 
the reign of Akbar^ including short accounts of the following 
dynasties, viz. : Kings of M^wah, from Dildwar Ghtiri to fiaz 
Bahddur^ Kings of Gujarat, from Muhammad Muzaffar Shdh 
to the suicide of Muzaffar Shah III. The P(irbi Kings of Bengal, 
from Pakhr ad-Din to a.h. 983 (a.d. 1575), when Ddwud Khdn 
was slain. Kings of Kashmir, from Shdh Mir to the annexation 
of the province to Akbar's empire. The Kings of Sind and 
Thathah, from their origin to the annexation of Sind to the 
Mongol empire, in a.h. 1001 (a.d. 1592). Bahmanis of Kal- 
bargah, from 'Aid ad-Din Hasan Ging(i, to a.h. 935 (a.d. 1528) 
when they became extinct. The 'Adilkhdniyah Kings of Bijapur, 
from their origin to a.h. 1107 (a.d. 1695) when the author 
wrote. The Kutb al-Mulkiyah dynasty of Gulkundah, from 
their origin to the time of the author* The Nizdm al-Mulkiyah 
dynasty of Ahmadnagar, from Ahmad Nizam Shah to a.h. 1002 
(a.d. 1593.) The reigns of Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzib, 
to the death of the last-named emperor. 

It will be seen from the abore table of contents that the Khuldsat 
at-Tawarikh contains nearly the same matter as the Tdrikh-i Fi- 
rishtah, but differently arranged. The author dedicated his history 
to Aurangzib, and tells us in his preface, that he composed it in 
A.H. 1107 (a.d. 1695). The first portion, relating to the Hindus, 
occupies nearly one-third of the work, and the account of the Mu- 
hammadan dynasties previous to the conquests of the Mongol Emperors, 
is exceedingly meagre. The history virtually concludes with the 
troubles which arose on the accession of Aurangzib, and Ddra Shikuh's 
ineffectual opposition to his brother ; the author merely mentioning in 
the last few lines that Aurangzib died in a.h. 1118 (a.d.1706), in 
the ninety-second year of his age, and the fifty-first year of his reign. 
The work is curious as proceeding from the pen of a Hindu ; and is, 
to a certain extent, valuable, as continuing the Tarikh-i Firishtah, 
from the death of Akbar ; but it is vastly inferior to that history in 
every respect. 

Foil. 325. Nineteen lines in a page. Written in NajBta'lik, in 
A.H. 1130 (a.d. 1717).* 

Size 12i in. by Si in. (Lieut.-Col. J. Tod.) 

' This 19 the date given in the colophon, and the scribe states his name to be 
Muhammad F^aU, but the MS. does not seem of so old a date. Colonel Tod, who 
presented this volume to the Society, has written in the fly-leaf that it was copied 
from an old MS. by Munshi Bindrabun ; and the date 1130 is most probably the 
date of this latter MS., and not of the present copy. 



(71) 

LIV. 

KhulIsat aT'TawXrikh. — Another copy of the preceding work. 

Foil. 209. Nineteen lines in a page. Plainly written in Shi- 
kaetah Amiz, in a.h. 1223 (a.d. 1808). 

Size 12^ in. by 8f in. (General Briggs.) 

LV. 

KhulAsat AT-TAwXRiKH. — Another copy of the preceding work. 

Foil. 353. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik, in 
A.H. 1239 (a.d. 1823). 

Size llf in. by 9j^ in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 

2. Particular Histories of India. 
(a) Early Rdjaht of InOa. 

LVI. 

^ULjjJjb -^V^ sJ^Wb u:->A>Aa- 

HakIkat-i RXjahAi Mutafarrikah-i Hindustan. — A short 
history of the early Rdjahs of India, comprising 4 

The Rdjahs of Ayodhya of the Solar dynasty, from the time of 
Bhamka. The B4jahs of Kashmir ; of P4tilip(ir, &c.^ 

Foil. 23. Fifteen lines in a page. Plainly written in Nasta'lik. 
Size 8^ in. by 5 in. (Sir A. M alet, Bart.) 

LVII. 
An account of the early Rdjahs of Hastinap^r. 

Foil. 5. Fifteen lines in a page. Plainly written in Nasta'lik, 
uniform with the last-mentioned tract. 

Size 8^ in. by 5 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

1 This tract, like those described under the two foUowing nnmbeis, begins 
without any preface. All three are evidently written by the same hand, and are 
probably translations from the Sanskrit. They, perhaps, should more properly 
have been elassed under fiction than history. They are quite unimportant and 
void of interest. 



(72) 

LVIII. 

Hakikat-i RAjahXi Ujjain. — A concise accoant of the aneieDt 
Rdjahs of Mdlwah, whose capital was Ujjajana.^ 

Foil. 8. Fifteen lines in a pa^e. Plainly written in Nasta'lik, 
uniform with the two preceding MSS. 

Size 84 in by 5 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

(b) Sind. 
LIX. 



TARiKH-i Sind. — The history of Sind, from the Muhammadan' 
Conquest to its annexation to Akbar's empire, by Muhammad Ma'siim 
'All Ben Sayyid Safdyi alHusaini ai-Tirmizi^, poetically named 
Ndmi ; comprising a preface and four books. 

Muhammad Ma'sum 'Ali was born at Bbakar, a city in Sind. 
After his father^s death he became acquainted with Nizdm ad-Din 
Ahmad al-Harawi, the author of the Tabakat-i Akbarshdhi, who valued 
him highly on account of his profound knowledge of history, and 
derived much assistance from him in the composition of his own work. 
He entered into the service of Shihdb ad-Din Ahmad Khdn, during the 
reign of Akbar, and at the age of forty was appointed to the rank of 
commander of 250 horse. He afterwards went in an official capacity 
to Persia, where he was distinguished by Shdh 'Abbds Safawi. On 
his return from tbat country in a.h. 1015 (a.d. 1606) the Emperor 
Jahangir appointed him Amir al-Mulk, and he proceeded to Bhakar, 
where he died. It is stated that he attained the rank of commander 
of 1000. Muhammad Ma'sum was a poet of some note, and wrote a 
Dlwdn and a Masnawi. In addition to these and his history of Sind, 

1 The Hindti names in Nos. LVI., LVII., and LVIII, are barbaroualy 
written. I have not taken the trouble of identifying them with those of the Rlijahs 
given in Prinsep^s and other tables, for the reasons stated in the preceding note. 

^ In another MS., No. 43 of the collection in the East India House, this 

name is written ^jj jSI Az-Zandl. In the Ha^sir al-Umarii the author is sur- 
named Bhakarf, from the city of Bhakar, in Sind, where he was bom. In the 
Mirdt-i Daulat-i 'Abblisi (described infrk. No. LXXXVII.) he is named Mir 

Ma*8tim Mashhadi Bak&r£. (^ .lib) A MS. of the T^lkh-i Sind in the British 
Museum (Addit. No. 16,700) gives the name as in the present copy. 



(73) 

he is also said to have composed a treatise on medicine. He was an 
exceUent caligrapfaist, and numerous mosques, &c., were adorned 
with inscriptions from his hand : he also erected many buildings, par- 
ticularly at Sakhar and his birthplace Bhakar.^ 

The Tarikhi-i Sind contains : 

Author s Preface, giving an account of the work. 

Book I. — History of the early Kings of Sind and of its con- 
quest by Muhammad Ben Kdsim Sakafl, the cousin and son-in- 
law of Hajj4j Ben Y(isuf, in a.h. 92 (a.d. 710), during the Khi- 
Idfat of 'Abd al-Malik. A concise account of the Governors of 
the province of Sind under the Khalifahs of the Ban! Umayyah 
and Bani 'Abbds, to the time of Hdrun ar-Rashid,when Abd al- 
'Abbds was appointed governor. 

Book 11. — History of Sind under the successors of Hdrdn 
ar-Rashid to the time of Al-Kadir Billah, and under the Ghaz- 
navides and Kings of Dihli, to a.h. 801 (ad. 1398), when the' 
rulers of Sind asserted their independence of the empire of Dihli.^ 
History of the Sumarahs and Sdmanahs, generally known as the 
Jami dynasty, from their origin, and the time of J dm Unra,' to 
Jam Firiiz, ending with a.h. 916 (a.d. 1510), when Shdh B6g 
Arghdn undertook the conquest of Sind.^ 

Book III. — The history of the Arghdniyah dynasty, from the 
time of Mir Zu an-Nun, the father of Shdh Beg Arghun, to the 
death of Sultan Mahmdd Khan, of Bhakar, iuA.H. 982 (a.d.1574), 
when Upper Sind fell into the hands of Akbar. Also an account 
of the rulers of Thathah, Mirza Muhammad 'Isa Turkhdn and 
Mirza Muhammad Bdki, till a.h. 993 (a.d. 1584). This book 
comprises biographical notices of divers learned and holy men. 

' Maisir aI-Umar£. 

^ A.ii. 801 is stated positively as the date, but there is no doabt that the rulers 
of Sind were virtually independent of the Kings of Dihli many years previously. 
Indeed NlUir ad-Din Kabichah asserted his independence so early as the reign of 
Ardm Sh^, but on the defeat and death of N^r ad- Din, in the reign of Altamish, 
Sind again fell under the yoke of Dihli. 

3 This prince is usually called Jim Afra, but in the present MS. his name is 



yt^>» 



distinctly written and pointed \\ A^- In the MS. of the East India House, 
No. 43, the name is similarly spelled, but without the vowel points. The British 



^>» 



Museum MS. (Addit. No. 16,700) reads J \ ^\-»^ 

^ Sh^ B^g Arghdn, according to Muhammad Ma^stim 'Ali, died in a.h. 928 
(a.d. 1521). General Briggs, in his translation of Firishtah, places his conquest 
of Sind in a.b. 928 (a.d. 1521), and says that he died two years afterwards. 
Vol. iv. p. 433. 



(74) 

Book IV. — An aooount of the raleni of ^d after the death of 
Mahmiid of Bhakar, and the completion of the snbjagation of the 
whole province by the forces of Akbar, by the capitulation of 
Mirza Jdni Beg, of Thathah, in a.h. 1001 (a-d. 1592), when the 
latter was created a commander of 5000, and appointed to the 
government of Thathah. 

After this, in the present MS., there is an account of D(idah, 
who was ruler of Thathah in the time of Nisir ad-Din Mahm(id, 
King of Dihli, occupying six pages. In the East India House MS. 
(No. 43) this is omitted ; the history ending immediately after the 
capitulation of Jdni B6g, and stating in four lines, that he died in 
A.H. 1011 (a.d. 1602), and was succeeded in his government by his 
son Mirzd 'AzI. The MS. in the British Museum (Addit. No. 16,700), 
agrees with that of the East India House in this respect. 

The author of this work was an eye-witness of, and took an active 
part in, many of the events recorded in its concluding portion. 

Foil. 228. Eleven lines in a page. Written in a clear Nasta*llk 
hand, in a.h. 1233 (a.d. 1817). 

Size 8^ in. by 7 in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 

(c) Afghdns} 
LX. 

Makhzan-i AfohAnI. — A general history of the Afghdns, from 
the time of Adam to the reign of Jahdngir j by Ni'mat Allah Ben 
Habib Allah, the historiographer of that Emperor, arranged and 
abridged by Ibrdhim Batnl ; comprising an Introduction, six Books, 
and a Conclusion. 

Contents : 

Introduction, giving an account of the work. 

Book I. — History of the Afghans, from Adam and Ya'ktib 
Israjl (Jacob), from whom that people trace their origin, to the 
time of King Taltit (Saul). 

Book II. — The history of King Tdlut, and the migration of 
the Afghans to the mountainous district of Ghiir, and thence to 
Kiih-i Sulaiman and R^h. 

1 The Afghins may perhaps be entitled to a separate section ; bat as their his. 
tory is more nearly connected with that of India than of any other country, I have 
placed the works relating to them mider the head of India. 



(75) 

Book III. — History of Khdlid Ben Wdlid, his eonyersion to 
the Isldm, his expeditions into Egypt, Halab, Shdm, and 'Irak 
'Arabi, to the end of the Khildfat of 'Umar Firdk ; and the Ms- 
toiy of the Afghans to a.h. 835 (a.d. 1431), when Sultdn Shdh 
Liidi obtained authority in Hindiistdn, and held Sirhind in J&git 
under Sultan Mubarak, King of Dihli. 

Book IV. — History of the house of Liidi ; of Sultan Buhlul, 
Sultan Sikandar, and Sultan Ibr&him, to the defeat of the latter 
by Bdbar, and his death in a.h. 932 (a.d. 1525). 

Book v.— The history of Shir Shdh Stir and Islim Shdh Stir, 
to the death of the latter, in a.h. 961 (a.d. 1553). An account 
of the eyents which took place after the death of Islam Shdh ; 
of Sultan Muhammad 'Adil Shdh, his successor ; of Baz Bahadur, 
who assumed independence in Mdlwah ; of the Kardni Kings of 
Bengal to the defeat of Dawud Khdn Ben Sulaiman by Akbar's 
forces, and of his death ; and of the L<ihanis to the death of 
Khajah Usmdn, and the year of the Hijrah 1021 (a.d. 1612), 
when the Afghdns lost all power, and became subsenrient to the 
Emperor Jahdngir. 

Book VI. — Biographies of Shaikhs and holy men of the 
Afghans. 

Conclusion, containing an account of the genealogies of the 
Afghdn tribes. This conclusion is not mentioned in Ni'mat 
Allah's pre£GU3e. 

The materials of Ni'mat Allah's work were collected by Haibat 
Khan Kakar, of Samanah> who appears also to haye been joint author 
of the book. Ibrdhim Batni, the editor of the present edition, men- 
tions, at the end of the fifth book, that he has supplied some omissions 
from the original of Ni'mat Allah, and from the Tdrikh-i Nizami of 
Khdjah Nizdm ad-Din Ahmad, but his name does not appear else- 
where.^ Ni'mat Allah was contemporary with Firishtah. 

The present MS. is that from which Professor Dorn made his 
translation of the " History of the Afghdns.*" Dr. Dorn's yersion 
is remarkable for its &ithful rendering of the original ; and the anno- 
tations which he has added contain a large amount of yaluable infor- 
mation. 

Foil. 272, Thirteen lines in a page. Carelessly but legibly 
written in Nasta'lik, in a.h. 1131 (a.d. 1718.) 

Size 9 in. by 5j in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

' And see the account of the work given by the learned Baron de Sacy, in the 
Journal des Savans for the year 1830. 

^ Printed for the Oriental Translatioa Committee. 4to. London, 1829-36. 



(76) 

LXI. 

J>\jJ iU sr\ '^U ^.^ ^j\j 

TArikh-i Nasab Namah-i Ahmad Shah DurrAnI. — A history 
of the Durrdni Afghdns, from the time of Ahmad Shdh, to a.h. 1212 
(a.d. 1797) by Imam ad-Din Husainl. 

Contents : 

The genealogy of Ahmad Shdh Dnrrdni, traced to Kais Ben 'Abd 
ar-Rashid. History of the events which succeeded Nadir Shdh's 
death ; of the establishment of the sovereignty of Ahmad Shdh, 
and of his reign, until his death in a.h. 1187 (a.d. 1773). The 
reign of Tim6r Shah. History of the reign of Zamdn Shdh, to 
a.h. 1212 (1797). Account of nobles, statesmen, and warriors. 
Geographical appendix, giving the distances between various 
halting-places, towns, and cities in the Panjdb and Afghdnist^, 
&c., concluding with an account of the descent and family of 
Khajah Abd Muhsin Husain al-Husaini al-Maudddi al-Kumdri, 
to whom the author dedicates his work. 

Imam ad-Din Husalni completed his history in a.h. 1216 
(a.d. 1801), and, as he himself informs us, called it jbLl ^Juw^- 

Husain Shdhi. Dr, Dorn does not seem to have had access to this 
volume, although it was presented to the Society by Sir John Malcolm 
on the same day with some other MS. relating to the Afghdns, which 
the learned doctor speaks of as having consulted for his translation of 
the Makhzan-i Afghani. 

The present work contains a full and circumstantial history of the 
period it embraces, and appears to be most trustworthy. Imam ad-Din 
saying, in his preface, that he has purposely omitted events which were 
not well authenticated; and that he relates nothing except from his own 
knowledge, or when based on the testimony of those who actually took 
a part in the events he records. It is, therefore, most probably the best 
account of the early period of the Durrdni empire that is extant. 
Foil. 76. Twenty-three lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik. 

Size 13| in. by 8^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

LXII. 

l^! L::.^v«yl»> {j:^^jJu^ j^ tUilil *^\j c^^w 

Nasab Namah-i AfAghinah wa Kaipiyat-i HuKtJMAT-i Anha. 
— A compendious history of the Afghans, written at the desire of 



(77) 

Mr. Ellis, the British minister in Persia^ by Sajyid Mohammad 
at-Tabatabdi alJsfahdni, in a.h. 1224 (a.d. 1809.) 

This history comprises a slight account of the Afghan usurpation 
in Persia^ and of the Durrdni empire, down to the dethronement of 
Mahmtid Shah, and the accession of Shdh Shujd' al-Mulk ; continuing 
the history to the time when it was written. It concludes with a 
description of Hirat, Kandahar, Kabul, and P^shdwar, &c., and an 
account of the Haz&rahs, the Baliichis, and other tribes. 

Foil. 41. Eleven lines in a page. Ill written in Nasta'lik, but 
very legible, in a.h. 1224 (a.d. 1809). 

Size 8^ in. by 5^ in. 

LXIII. 

ij^\i\ l^Lj\ *idLj 

RisIlah-i AnsAb-i Afaghinah. — A very concise history of the 
Afghans, tracing their descent from the Jews, and describing their 
establishment in the Hindii Kiish, the K(ih-i Sulaimdn^ and the K(ih-i 
Flriizah, &c., concluding with an enumeration of the various Afghan 
tribes. 

This tract, which consists of little more than a list of names, was 
written by Farid ad-Din Ahmad, in a.h. 1217 (a.d. 1802). 

Foil. 20. Nine lines in a page. Ill written in Nasta'lik, in 
A.H. 1217 (A.D. 1802). 

Size 7f in. by 5^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

(d) 'AdUshdhU of Bijdpur, 
LXIV. 

J^}^. ^^ JV^^ *if'^ 

Tazkirah-i AhwAl-i SalAtin-i BIjApur. — A short history of 
the 'Adilshahiyah dynasty of Bijdpiir, from the origin of the family 
to the death of Sikandar, the last of the Bljdptir kings ; in eight 
books. 

The name of the author of this work does not appear, but in a short 
preface he mentions that he composed it in a.h. 1221 (a.d. 1806), and 
that he derived his materials from two histories of Bljdpiir ; the one 
written in the time of 'All 'Adil Shah II., by Mir Ibrdhfm Ben Mir 
Hasan, commonly called Khdnji Mulk, grandson of Manjl Khdn Ben 
Khdn Ldri Ben Asad Kh4n ; and the other, by Shaikh khd al-Hasan, 
containing the history of the entire dynasty. 



(78) 

Contents : 

Author's preface. 

Book I.— History of the reign of Yiisuf 'Adil ShAh to his 
death in a.h. 925 (a.d. 1519).^ 

Book II. — History of the reign of Isma*il 'Adil Shdh^ to his 
death in a.h. 981 (a.d. 1524).' 

Book III. — History of Malu Kh^n, who ruled only seven 
months, and of the reign of Ibrdhim 'Adil Shdh, to his death in 
A.H. 965 (a.d. 1557). 

Book IV.— History of the reign of 'Ali 'AdU Shah, to his death 
in A.H. 988 (a.d. 1580). 

Book v.— History of the reign of Ibrahim 'Adil Shdh IT., to 
his death in a.h. 1036 (a.d. 1626). 

Book VI.— History of the Snltdn Muhammad 'Adil Shah, to 
his death in A.H. 1067 (a.d. 1656). 

Book VII.~History of the reign of 'AH 'Adil Shdh IL to hia 
death in a.h. 1088 (a.d. 1672). 

A 

Book VIII. — History of the reign of Sikandar 'Adil Shih, to 
his death in a.h. 1111 (a.d. 1699).' 

This work is too concise to be of any great utility, but as Firishtah 
breaks off the history of Bijdpiir abruptly, at a.h. 1005 (a.d. 1596), 
it is valuable as a continuation of that historian. At the end of each 
reign the author gives a number of dates that are curious and useful. 
If taken in conjunction with the work which will be found described 
under the next-following number, the present volume furnishes good 
and authentic materials for the history of the later monarchs of 
Bijdpiir, not, as I believe, to be found elsewhere. 

Foil. 39. Fourteen lines in a page. Written in Shikastah Amiz, 
in A.H. 1234 (a.d. 1818). 

Size 8^ in. by 6J in. (General Briggs.) 

^ The aathor mentioiifl that Ttisuf *Adil Shah is stated in the Tabakit-i 
Akba r shUhi to have died in a.h. 913 (ii.D. 1507)> and that Firishtah gives the date 
of his death as a.h. 916 (a.d. 1510). 

^ This is apparently an error: it should be a.h. 941 (a.d. 1534). The author, 
however, omitting to count Mal6 Khi.n as one of the Kings of Bfj^pur, states 
that Ibrahim came to the throne in a.h. 931 (a.d. 1524), and died after a reign 
of thirty-five years, in a.h. 965 (a.t>. 1557). In Firishtah and the Basdtia as- 
Sallitin (infriif No. LXY.) Ibrahim is said to have refgned only twenijf4ovu 
years and some months, and to have died in a.h. 965 (a.d. 1557). In the Tabak£t4 
Akbarsh^i the length of Ibr^im's reign is twenty-five years. 

' Aurangzib took Bfj£p(ir in 1097 (a.d. 1685) ; and Sikandar remained in ^ 
captivity until his death in a.h. 1111 (a.d. 1699). 



<79) 

LXV. 

{^^T*' *^^'* {^JT^ ***: 

BasAtIn as-Salat1n. — A histoij of the 'A Ulshahiyah dynasty of 

Bijdpiir, from the origin of the family to the d ith of Sikandar 'Adil 

Shah, the last of the dynasty ; in eight books ; I '* Muhnmmad Ibrdhim 
az-Znbairi. 

Contents : 

Anthor*s pre&ce. 

Book J. — Account of the origin of the 'Adilshdhi &mily, and 
of the reign of Ytisnf 'Adil Shdh.' 

Book II.— The reigns of Isma'U 'Adii Shdh, and of Malii 
Khdn. 

Book III.— The leign of Ibrdhim *Adil Shdh. 

Book I v.— The leign of 'Ali Idil Shdh. "^ 

Book v.— The reign of Ibrdhim 'Adil Shdh II. 

Book VI.^The reign of Sultdn Muhammad 'Adil Shdh. 

Book VII.— The reign of 'Ali 'Adil Shdh II. 

Book VIII. — The reign of Sultdn Sikandar, to his death in 
A.H. 1111 (a.d. 1699). A short account of the events which 
occurred subsequently to the taking of Bijdpiir by Aurangzib. 
Aurangzib's last will. Account of the fall and ruined state of 
Bfjdpiir. Account of the Princes of Pdnah. Account of the 
government of the English. 

In the preface to the Basatin as*Saldtin the author enumerates the 
ollowing authorities for the history of Bijapur : The Tazkirat al- 
Mul6k, by Mir Rafi' ad-Din Shirdzi, written in a.h. 1000 (a.d. 1591). 
The Muhammad Ndmah, by Mull4 Zahur, son of MulM Zahiiri Kdini, 
written in the time of Muhammad 'Adil Shdh. The Inshdi 'All 'Adil- 
shdhiyah, by the Sayyid Ntir Allah, son of the Kdzi Sayyid 'Ali 
Muhammad Niir Allah, written in a flowery style, in the time of 'Ali 
'Adil Shdh 11. The 'Ali Ndmah, by the Courlrpoet of the Dakhin* 
written at the same period ; and a history of the entire dynasty, by 
the Shaikh Abii al-Hasan, son of the Kdzi 'Abd al-'Aziz. He also 



^ Muhammad Ibr&hfm says that the Tabakdt-i Akbarshiihf placesYdsufs death 
in A.R. 913 (a.d. 1607), Firishtah in a.h. 916 (a.o. 1510), and Rafi' ad-Din 
Shihizf and Mir Ibrahim Asad Khiaiy m a.h. 926 (a.o. 1619). 

3 Nusrati. The 'Ali N^mah or T£rikh-i *AIi ' AdU Shah is a Mamawi of con- 
sideiable extent, oomprising Kasidahw and other poetical pieces, celebrating the 
events mentioned in the work. See Garcin de Tassy, Histoire de la Litttfrature 
Hindoui et Hindoustani. Tome i p. 400. 



(80) 

states that the Muhammad Ndmah, and the history by the Shaikh 
Abii al-Hasan, are extremely rare, and that he had never seen them, 
but that having procured rough drafts of portions of the work of Abii 
al-Hasan, and some parts of the writings of Ibr^im Asad Khdni and 
others, he collected and arranged his materials at the desire of his 
friends ; and, after making some additions and corrections from the 
works of Firishtah, Khdfi Khan, and other writers, produced the pre- 
sent history. 

The dates of the deaths of two of the sovereigns of Bijdpur are 
here given somewhat differently from, those in the work last described. 
Isma*il 'Adil Shdh is stated to have died in a.h. 941 (a.d. 1534), after 
a reign of twenty-four years and some months (instead of ten years 
earlier),^ which statement agrees with that of Firishtah ; and Ibrahim 
'Adil Shdh II. is said to have died in a.h. 1037 (a.d. 1627). 
^ The Bas^tin as-Salatin was completed, as the author himself informs 
us, in A.H. 1240 (a.d. 1824). At the end of each book there is a col- 
lection of useful dates, and the statistics and mode of government of 
the empire are more than once touched upon. Though insufficient 
in many respects, it is written in an easy style, and must be con- 
sidered as a valuable addition to the stock of materials for the 
history of Bijdpur. 

Foil. 387. Thirteen lines in a page. Written in Shikastah Amiz, 
in A.H. 1240 (a.d. 1824). 

Size lOf in. by 8 in. (General Briggs.) 

(e) BahTnanU ; NizdmdidhU of Ahmadnagar ; and Nizdms 

of the Ddkhin, 

LXVI. 

MuNTAKHAB-i TAwiRiEH-i BahrL — Noticcs, documents, and 
extracts relating to the history of the Dakhin, taken from the 

^^\ ^\pr Jami' al-'U16m, by the Kdzi 'Abd an-Nabi. 
Contents : 

L — History of the Nizdmshahi dynasty, and of the Nizdms of 
the Dakhin, from the origin of the Bahrl fEunily to the time of 
SaMbat Jang. 

II. — Royal mandate (jytJc^) of Akbar to Khdn-i Khdndn, 
son of Bairdm Khdu. 

* See wpra^ p. 78, note 2. 



(81) 

III. — Treaty between Shdh Jah^n and Saltan Mnhammad 
'Adil Khan. 

IV. — Firman of Shdh Jahdn to the rulers of the Dakhin. 

v. — Account of the rise of the power of Ha«an GAugd, the 
first of the Bahmani Kings of Kalbargah, and the history of the 
Bahmani dynasty to a.h. 935 (a.d. 1528). 

VI. — ^Account of the execution of Mahmud Khdjah Jahan, 
in A.H. 886 (a.d. 1481), in the reign of Muhammad Shah II. 
Bahmani. 

VII. — History of the Nizdmshdhi dynasty of Ahmadnagar, 
from the time of Ahmad Nizdm Shdh, the founder of the 
monarchy, to the accession of Isma'll Nizdm Shdh, in a.h. 997 
(a.d. 1588). 

I have not been able to discover any account of the Jdmi' al-'UMm, 
nor of its author, the Kdzl 'Abd an-Nabi. On the back of the first 
leaf in the present yolume there is a note, in English, stating that it 
contains sketches of the Ahmadnagar history, by the late Kazf 'Abd 
an-Nabi, " from original papers in his possession, transcribed from the 
original MS." In the first lines of the text it is mentioned that the 
Jdmi' al-*Uliim, written by the late Kdzl 'Abd an-Nabi, is the source 
from which the extracts relating to Ahmadnagar are derived ; and it 
would appear that that work was arranged in alphabetical order, 
since the extracts are said to have been taken from the Chapter of 
Alif with Ha. The Jdmi' al-'Ul<im may probably have been a mere 
common-place book, in which the Kdzi was used to insert, among other 
matters, extracts from the different histories that came into his hands, 
relating to the affairs of the Dakhin, and to the city of Ahmadnagar, 
his native place. It does not follow, from the statement contained in 
the first lines, that the entire volume was compiled by 'Abd an-Nabi, 
as it may only refer to the commencement. The account of the Nizdm- 
shdhfs, at the beginning of the work, presents some new matter, but 
that which occurs at the end is worthless, being taken almost verbatim 
from Firishtah. 

Foil. 155. Thirteen lines in a page. Written partly in Nasta'lik 
and partly in Shikastah Amiz. 

Size 11 j in. by 7i in. (General Briggs.) 

LXVII. 

CX^ ^\j^ Jk4^ ^lli3 ^j\j 

Tarikh-i NizAm 'AlI KhAn wa NAsir Jang. — A history of 
the Nizdms of Haidar&bdd, from the origin of their family, and of the 

G 



(82) 

foundation of their power by Asaf Jdh Nizdm al-Mulk, to tlie treaty 
between Tipu Sultdn, and the allied armies of the English, the Nizdm, 
and the Mahrattas, in a.h. 1206 (a.d. 1791).^ 

The title given above is taken from the back of the first leaf. 
Neither title nor author's name occur in the preface. 

Foil. 212. Fourteen lines in a page. Plainly written in Nasta'lik. 
Imperfect at the end. 

Size lOj in. by 7f in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

(f) Kuthshdhis of Gtdkundak and ffaidardbdd, 

LXVIII. 

** » ^ 

TArikh-i SultXn Muhammad KutsshAhI. — A history of the 

Kutbshdhi dynasty of Gulkundah, comprising an introduction, four 
books, and an appendix. 

The author's name is not mentioned, but he says that he com- 
pleted his work in a.h. 1026 (a.d. 1617), the sixth year of the reign 
of Ab(i aJ-Muzaffar Sultdn Muhammad Kutb Shdh, to whom he dedi- 
cates his work. 

Contents : 

Author's preface, and dedication to Muhammad Kutb Shdh. 

Introduction. — Account of Kard Yiisuf Turkman, and of his 
ancestors and children. 

Book I.— History of the reign of Sultdn Kuli Kutb al-Mulk, 
the founder of the Kutbshdhi dynasty, to his death in a h. 950 
(a.d 1543).' 

Book II. — History of the reign of Jamshid Kutb al-Mulk, to: 
his death in a.h. 957 (a.d. 1550) ; and of that of his son Subhdn 
Kuli, a minor, who was deposed after reigning a few months. 

Book III. — History of the reign of Sulaimdn Shdh Ab(i al-Fath 
Abii al-Mansiir Ibrdhim Kutb Shdh, who died in a.h. 988 
(a.d. 1580). 

Book IV.— History of Ab(i al-Fath Sultdn Muhammad Kuli 

' A.H. 1206 commenced on the 31st of August, 1791 : the treaty was signed 
on the 18th of March, 1792. 

^ He was murdered at the instigation of his son Jamshid, after a reign of sixty 
vears, having been sixteen years the vicegerent of Sultto Mahmtid Sh£h Bah- 
^ lanf ; and, subsequently to that monarch's death, forty-four years an independent 
Sovereign. He was nearly ninety years old when he was assassinated. 



(83) 

Katb Shdh, who bailt Bhagnagar or Haidardbdd, and transferred 
his capital from Gulkundah to the newlj-erected city, to his 
death in a.h. 1020 (a.d. 1611). 

Appendix. — Account of the first six years of the reign of Ahii 
al-Muzaffar Ab(i al-Manstir Snltdn Muhammad Kutb Shdh. 

Firishtah*s account of the Kutbshdhi Kings is somewhat insuffi- 
cient. Indeed he makes an excuse for the defective state of this 
portion of his work, saying, that although a certain native of 'Irdk, 
named Khurram Shdh/ wrote a history of the dynasty, he had never 
been able to obtain a copy of it, and that he was obliged to content 
himself with such details as were procurable. The insufficiency of 
Firishtah's account is, however, well supplied by the present work, 
which, moreover, continues the history nearly to the end of the 
dynasty.* The appendix to the third volume of General Briggs' 
translation of Firishtah contains an abridged version of the present 
MS., which he conjectures to be identical with the history spoken of 
by Firishtah.' This supposition cannot be admitted if we agree with 
the learned General in his opinion that Firishtah died in a.d. 1612, 
as the present work was not completed, according to the authors own 
statement, until five years later. If, however, M. Mohl be right in 
thinking that Firishtah revised his work up to a.d. 1623, the present 
history may well be that fruitlessly sought for by the great historian. 

Foil. 303. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
The rubrics are omitted in the last forty- seven leaves. 
Size 1 1^ in. by 6| in. (General Briggs). 

(g) Gujarat, 
' LXIX. 

Mirat-i SikandarI. — A history of Gujardt, from the time of 
Zafar Khan Ben Wajih al-Mulk and the foundation of the monarchy, 
to the suicide of Sultdn Muzaffar III., the last of the Kings of Gujarat, 

1 In another MS. it is Sh£h Eh6r. Briggs reads Khoorsha, but it is written as 
above in the collated copy; mpra. No. XL VIII. 

2 There were but two more Kings of this dynasty, viz., 'Abd Allah, who 
reigned under the protection of Sh^h Jah^n, and to whom he paid tribute ; and 
Ab(i Hasan, who, after some years, was taken prisoner by Aurangzfb, and con- 
fined for life in the citadel of Daukt^b^d. Scott*s Ferishta, vol. i. p. 410. 

3 Briggs, History, &c., vol. iii. p. 337 et seq. 

o2 



(84) 

inA.H. 1000 (a.d. 1591);* by Sikandar Ben Muhammad, who com- 
posed his work in a.h. 1020 (a.d. 1611), forty lunar years after 
the destruction of the Gujardt monarchy by Akbar, in a.h. 980 
(a.d. 1572). 

The author in his prefEu^e mentions the authorities which he con- 
sulted for the composition of his history ; and states, at the end, that 
those who wish for information as to subsequent events, must refer to 
the Akbar Namah and other works. 

Foil. 286. Seventeen lines in a page. Well written in Nas- 
ta'lik, in a.h. 1196 (a.d. 1781). 

Size Hi in. by 6i in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

LXX. 

MiBAT-i AhmadI. — A history of Gujardt, from the origin of the 
kingdom to the defeat of the Mahrattas by Ahmad Shah Abddli 
Afghan, at Pdnlpat, and the death of Bdlajl Bdji Rao, together with 
an Introduction and an Appendix, by 'All Muhammad Khdn. 

'All Muhammad Khdn was appointed revenue minister of Gujardt, 
in A.H. 1161 (a.d. 1748). In the preface he states that he came from 
Burhanpur to Gujarat, in a.h. 1120 (a.d. 1708), and that he com- 
pleted his work in a.h. 1170 (a.d. 1756) ; but as it continues the his- 
tory of events to the battle of Panipat, it is clear that the entire 
work was not finished before a.h. 1174 (a.d. 1760-61). He says that 
he devoted fourteen years to the composition of his work, and that 
he drew his materials from the Mirdt-i Sikandari, the Akbar Ndmah, 
the Jahanglr Namah, and the Padshah Namah, mentioning also that 
he gives the events which occurred after the tenth year of Aurangzib's 
reign, on the information of persons living when he wrote. 

The present MS. comprises the first portion of the Mirdt-i Ahmadi, 
and contains : 

Author's preface. 

Introduction, giving a general description of Gujarat, its pro- 
duce and revenues, in tlie time of the independent monarchy. 

The history of the early Rajahs, from the origin of the kingdom 
to the conquest by the Muhammadans, and a detailed account of 

^ Elphinstone places the suicide of Muzaffar III. in a.d. 1593 (Hist, of India, 
vol ii, p. 246, 2d edit). The Mir£t-i Ahmadi gives the date as in the text In 
the Tabak£t-i Akbarshihi this event is stated to have happened in ii.H. 1001 
U.D. 1692). 



(85) 

Gujarat, its monarchs and ^yernors, down to the time of the 
Mongol Emperor Rafi' ad-Daulah, eurnamed Shah Jah^ II. 

Dr. Bird has translated the first part of this volume/ but he only 
carried his version to the death of Akbar, an event which is recorded 
at fol. 104 of the present MS. By reference to the two next following 
numbers it will be seen that Dr. Bird's translation comprises little 
more than one-seventh part of the whole work, omitting by far the 
most interesting portion, viz., that which treats of the Mahratta 
transactions in Gujardt, and which comprises nearly one-half of 'Ali 
Muhammad Kbdn*s narrative. 

Foil. 246. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 

Size 12 in. by 8| in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 

LXXL 

MiRAT-i Ahmadi. — This volume contains the continuation of the 
work, and comprises : 

The history of Gujarat and its rulers, from the reign of the 
Mongol Emperor Muhammad Shah and the Subahddri of Ajit 
Singh, to the reign of Shdh Jahan III., in a.h. 1174 (a.d. 1760), 
and the conquest of the Mahrattas by Ahmad Shdh AbdiUi Afghan. 

Foil. 309. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik, 
uniform with the last-mentioned MS., in a.h. 1234 (a.d. 1818). 
Size 12 in. by 8^ in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 

LXXII. 

MirAt-i AhmadI. — The Khatimah or Appendix, containing : 

An account of the city and Subah of Ahmad^bdd, comprising 
notices of holy and learned men ; of the different religious sects 
and casts ; of various sacred places ; of the weights and measures ; 
of the service- tenures, revenues, <&c. ; and of the Sarkdrs and 
Parganahs j the islands, rivers, mountains, &c , of the said Subah. 

This Appendix contains a vast amount of curious statistical infor- 
mation respecting the Government and internal administration of 
Gujarat, its geography, &c. 

^ The political and statistical history of Gujarat, translated from the Persian 
of Alf Mohammed Khin, by James Bird, Esq ; printed for tlie Oriental Trans- 
lation Fund. 8to. Lend. 1835. As Dr. Bird has not specified on the title-page 
that his translation is only that of a fragment of the history, it would lead the 
English reader to imagine that the whole work had been given to the public in an 
English dress. It is, perhaps, to be regretted that he has not confined himself to 
a more literal rendering of the style of his original. 



(86) 

Foil 40. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik, uni- 
form with the two MSS. last described^ in a.h. 1288 (a.d. 1822). 
Size 11| in. by 8 in. (J. Romer^ Esq.) 

LXXITI. 

MirIt-i AhmadL — This MS. contains detached portions of the 
work of 'All Muhammad Khdn. 

Contents ; — ' 

The first half of the aathor^s preface. A concise history 
of Timur and His descendants, to the time of Shah Jahdn III., 
which, in the entire work, serves as a sort of exordium to the 
account of the extinction of the Gujardt monarchy, and the 
annexation of the kingdom to the empire of Akbar. The 
latter portion of the introduction. The history of the early 
Rajahs. Acconnt of the service-tenures, revenues, Parganahs, &c.y 
taken froni the latter part of the appendix. 

Foil. 92. Thirteen lines in a page. Negligently written in Shi- 
kastah Amiz. The text runs on in this MS. without any rubrics, 
which renders reference to it extremely inconvenient. 

Size 9f in. by 4£ in. (Major D. Price). 

(h) Ml/sore^ 
LXXIV, 

J^3 JT*"!^ «^Wb Jl^=^^ 

Au\¥Air-i Rajahai Maisur wA Nagar. — A concise acconnt of 
the Rajahs of Mysore, with the dates of their births ; of their wives 
and children ; and the countries they ruled over ; translated from the 
Karnataka language, by order of Tipu Sultan. 

This history amounts to btit little more than a list of names, and 
comprises a period of 266 years, viz., from the time of Timmaraj to that 
of Haidar 'Ali. In the preface, wbich consists of only a few lines, it 
is mentioned that two translations of the original work were made, by 
Asad Anwar and Ghulam Husain, and that the preseut is one of them. 

Foil. 21, Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in a small Na«- 
ta'llk character. 

Size 8^ in. by 6^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 



(87) 

LXXV. 

P 3 jr^ 4?Wb J!>^^ 

Ahwal-i RAjahAi MAistJR WA Nagar. — Another copy of th^ 
preceding work. 

Foil. 51. Eight and thirteen lines in a page. Negligently 
written in Shikastah. 

Size 7i in. by 4f in. (Major D. Price.) 

LXXVL 

J^3 JT^ s^Wb J!>^^ 

AhwAl-i RAjahAi Maist^r wa Nagar. — Another translation of 
the same work. 

Foil. 44. Eight and ten lines in a page. Very ill written in 
Shikastah. 

Size 7^ in. by 4| in. (Major D. Price.) 

LXXVII. 

^UaL,^ ^J J^J3^ ^^^ ^jj^^ J^ 

Ni8hAn-i HaidarI wa Khuruj wa Nuzul-i Dadlat-i TiptJ 
Sultan. — A history of the reigns of Haidar 'Ali Khan and Tipti 
Sultan, by Mir Husaiu All Khan Kirm&ni. 

The author, who was in the service of both the monarchs whose 
history he has written, was an eye-witness of many of the occurrences 
related. He completed his work in a.h. 1217 (a.d. 1802). 

Contents : — 

A concise account of Haidar *Ali's ancestors, and a detailed 
history of the rise and progress of the fortunes of that prince, 
from A.H. 1163 (a.d. 1749), when Tipii Sultdn was bom, to his 
death in a.h 1196 (a.d. 1781.) The history of Tip6 Sultans 
reign, from his accession to the throne of Mysore to his death, in 
A.H. 1213 (a.d. 1798). An account of Tip6 Sultdn's disposition 
and virtues, and of his manners and habits. 

The entire work has been admirably translated, by Colonel Wil- 
liam Miles, of the Bombay army,^ who has faithful^ rendered his 
original into English, and has at the same time overcome the difficulty, 

^ The history of Hydur Naik, written by Meer Hussein Ali Khan Kirmani. 
Translated by Colonel W. Miles. Svo. London, 1842. The history of the reign 
of Tiptl Sultan, being a continuation of the Neshani Hydnri, written by Mir 
Hussein Ali Khan Kirmani. Translated by Colonel W* Miles. 8vo. London, 
1844. Both these volumes were printed for the Oriental Translation Fund. 



(88) 

no ordinary one, of making an accnrate translation not nnpalateable 
to an English reader. Every impartial student of Indian history will 
refer to Colonel Miles' version with pleasure and profit, since it is the 
only published account of the war in Mysore in which we find our 
opponents speaking for themselves. 

Foil 396. Eleven lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 

Size 8i in. by 5f in. 

LXXVIII. 

A register of the military expenditures of Tipti Sultdn. This is 
merely an account book. 

Foil. 174. Irregularly written in Shikastah. 
Size 8J in by 6 in, (Major D. Price.) 

(i) AfahraUas, 
LXXIX. 

HakIkat-i BinA wa 'URtJj-i Daulat-i RajahAi SitXrah.— 
A short history of the Rdjahs of Sitarah, from the origin of the family 
to the time of Rdm Rdjah, when the government became vested in the 
P6shwa. 

Foil. 8. Fifteen and seventeen lines in a page. Written in 
Nasta'llk. 

Size 8| in. by 5 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

LXXX. 

Hakikat-i BinA wa 'IJRtJj-i Daulat-i RIjahai SitArah. — 
Another copy of the preceding tract. 

Foil. 8. Ten and fourteen lines in a page. Written in Shikastah. 
Size 8^ in. by 5 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

LXXXI. 

n 

KHUTth?-! SivXji. — Letters, Firmdns, and Documents, relating to 
the transactions between the Mahrattas and the Emperor Aurangzib. 

Foil. 34. Nine and eleven lines in a page. Plainly written in 
Shikastah Amiz. 

Size 9^ in. by 6 in. (General Briggs.) 



(89) 

LXXXII. 

An aocoDnt of Madh^ Rdo Peshwd^ comprising the events which 
took place between a.h. 1174 and 1187 (ad. 1760-1773). 

Foil. 5. Nine and ten lines in a page. Negligently written in 
Shikastah Amiz. 

Size 7^ in. by 5 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

(k) Sikhju 
LXXXIII. 

Hakik^t-i Bina wa 'Uruj-i Firkah-i SikhAn. — A short his- 
tory of the origin and rise of the Sikhs, from the time of Ndnak 
to the conquest of Multdn by Timiir Shah Abddli, the Afghan King 
of Kabul. 

Foil. 19. Fifteen and eighteen Hues in a page. Well written in 
Shikastah Amiz. 

Size 8| in. by 5 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

LXXXIV. 

Hakikat-i BinX wa 'Uruj-i Firkah-i Sikhan. — This is 
another copy of the preceding work. 

Foil. 23. Fourteen and eighteen lines in a page. Ill written in 
Najsta'lik. 

Size Si in. by 5 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

LXXXV. 

A short history of the Sikhs, from the time of Ndnak to the 
arrangement entered into between Lord Lake, Ranjit Singh, and Fath 
Singh, in a.d. 1806. This history was written by Bakht Mdl for 
Mr. John Malcolm. 

Foil. 55. Twelve lines in a page. Written in Shikastah : rubrics 
omitted. 

Size 8| in. by 5^ in. 

LXXXVL 

Selections from the Tdrlkh-i Khdfi Khan, and the 'Ibrat Ndmah^ 
relating to the history of the Sikhs. 

Foil. 4. Fourteen and seventeen lines in a page. Written in 
Nasta'lik. 

Size 8i in. by .5 in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 



(90) 
LXXXVII. 

TiRiKH-i Maharajah Ranjit Singh. — The history of the 
Sikhs, from the birth of Ndnak, in a.d. 146D ; of the family of MahA^ 
rajah RaDJit Singh ; of the life of the Mahdidjah uutil a.d. 1831 ; and 
an account of his military expeditions and conquests, with sketches 
of the lives and characters of the principal chiefs and ministers of his 
court ; by Munshi Suhan La'l, who filled the office of court historian to 
Ranjit Singh for many years. 

This MS. was presented by Ranjit Singh to Sir Claude Wade, during 
the mission of the latter, in a.d. 1831, to negotiate for the passage 
and reception of Lieutenant (afterwards Sir Alexander) Bumes, by 
the Indus to Lahur, and to arrange the preliminaries of the meeting 
which subsequently took place between the late Lord Wm. Bentinck, 
Governor-General of India, and the Mahdrdjah, near Rtipar, on the 
banks of the Satlaj. Sir C. Wade, in speaking of this work, says ; 
" Allowing for the partiality of the writer's views and opinions, as 
regards the fame and credit of his patron, yet, as a record of dates 
and a chronicle of events, tested by a minute comparison with other 
authorities, and my own personal investigations into its accuracy 
during a residence of seventeen years among the Sikhs, I am enabled 
to pronounce it, in those two respects, as a true and faithful narra^' 
tive of Runjeet Singh's eventful life/' ^ 

Foil. 643. Seventeen lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik. 

Size 11 in. by 5^ in. (Sir C. Wade.) 



(J) Bhdwalpur. 

LXXXVIII. 

^^Uii (*::-JjJ lu\j^ 
.» 

MiRAT-i Battlat-i 'AsBAsf. — A history of the D&wud Putnus, or 
family of the Nawdbs of Bhawp^lptir, from their origin to a.h. 1 224 
(a.d. 1809), by Lalah Daulat Rdi, son of Ldlah 'Izzat Rd'i. 

The author, Ldlah Daulat Rd'i, was of good family, and states that 
the Ta'alluk of Jalalabdd had been the Madad-i Ma'dsh property of his 
ancestors from the time of the Emperor Aurangzib, and that both his 
father and his uncle were in the service of Muhammad Mubarak 

1 NotebySirCWademthefly-leaf of thisMS. 



(91) 

• 

KhaD; the Nawab of Bhdwalpdr. Being dispossessed of his p]\>perty 
by Rukn ad-Daulah Bbdwal Khdn 11.^ the author retired to Multan^ 
where he occupied himself in the composition of his work, which he 
bad already commenced.. The periodical invasions of Ranjit Singh 
into Multan, disturbing bis tranquility, he left that province and pro* 
ceeded to Haidardbdd in Sind, wbere he entered the service of the 
Amirs Karam 'Aii Kbdn and Murad 'All Khan. After leading a 
somewhat wandering life, playing, however, no unimportant part in 
the negotiations between the various contemporary contending powers, 
he died in a.h. 1246 (a.d. 1830).* 

The Mirdt-iDanlat-i 'Abbdsi comprises an introduction, three books, 
and an appendix. 

Contents : — 

Author's preface. 

Introduction. — An account of the Muhammadan conquest of 
Sind, and of the government of that province under the Khalffahs 
and the Ghaznavides. An enumeration of the 'Abbdsides at 
Baghdad to the death of Al-Musta'sim Biliah in - a.h. 656 
(ad. 1258), and of the 'Abbdsides in Egypt, from Sultdn Ahmad 
Ben Sultan Muhammad Tahir, surnamed Al-Mustansir Billab, 
who, on the downfall of the 'Abbdsides at Baghdad, emigrated to 
Egypt, and was proclaimed Khalifah by the Mamluk Bibars 
in A.H. 659 (a.d. 1260), to the time of Mutawakkil, the last 
Khalifah of the Egyptian branch, who was imprisoned by Salim 
Shah, the Emperor of Constantinople, in a.h. 919 (a.d, 1513), 
and the expedition into Sind by Sultan Ahmad II., the fifth suc- 
cessor of Ahmad al-Mustansir Biliah. 

Book I. — Account of the invasion of Sind by Sultan Ahmad 11., 
of the origin of the Dawud Pikras,' and of the rise and progress 



1 The date of his death is given on the back of the first leaf of the second book 
of the history in the present MS. 

2 The Diwud Putras claim descent from *Abb^s, the uncle of the Prophet 
Muhammad. But Shahdmat *Alf, apparently on the authority of original docu- 
ments, states t'lat their real origin is to be traced to a very different source. He 
says that '^ their progenitor, Daood, was a resident of Shikarpur, of the class 
called Julahas, or weavers. He is said to have had five sons, Arab, Abbas, 
Hussun, Haflib, and Casim ; from the four first are descended the Arbanee, 
Abbassee, Husseinee, and Hisbanee Daoodputras.'*— (History of Bahawalpur, 
p. 182.) This statement is probably true, for in the East, pedigrees are as freely 
fabricated at the expense, or in flattery of the rich and powerful parvenu, as is the 
custom at our own Herald's College. And see Cunningham^s History of the 
Sikhs, 8vo. London, 1849. p. 121, noie. 



92) 

of their power^ to the death of Muhammad Mab&rak Khan in 
A.H. 1186 (a.d. 1772). 

Book II. — The continuation of the history, from the accession 
of Rukn ad-Daulah Muhammad Bhawal Kh6n 11.,^ nephew of 
MuUrak Khdn, in a.h. 1186 (a.d. 1772), to a.h. 1222 (a.d. 
1807). 

Book III.*— Continuation of the history to the death of Bhdwal 
Khdn II. in a.h. 1224 (a.d. 1809).* 

Appendix. — Giving some account of the author. 

This work has considerable claims on our attention. It is not 
merely a history of the Nawdbs of Bhawalpur, but comprehends that of 
Sind, Afghanistan, Multdn, Jtidhpiir and the Sikhs, during an eventful 
period as regards our western frontier of India. The author was con- 
temporary with the greater part of the events which he relates, and I 
am not aware that we can have recourse to any better Eastern 
authority for the history of Western India during the period of which 
he treats. 

Shahamat 'All has published in English an abstract of an abbrevia- 
tion of the family annals of the Nawdb of Bhdwalptir, the abbrevia- 
tion having been made, as he informs us, by Pir Ibrdhim Khdn, at the 
request of Captain J. D. Cunningham.^ The abstract seems to be 
merely an abridged translation of Ldlah Daulat Rai's work, and is 
both ill-arranged and obscurely written. 

The present MS. was presented to Sir Claude Wade by the Ndwab 
Bhawal Khdn, during his mission to the Court of Bhawalpur, in 
A.D. 1832-33. 

Foil. 441. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Nastalik, 
in A.H. 1247 (a.d. 1831). 

Size 1 Of in. by 7 in. (Sir C. Wade.) 

^ Bhdwal Kh^n II., received a Firman from the Mongol Emperor Sh&h *Alam 
in A.H. 1193 (a.d. 1779), conferring upon him the title of Rukn ad-Daulah H^fiz 
al-Mulk Nusrat Jang Muhammad Bhawal Khin 'Ahb^f. 

3 There is no diyision between Books II. and III. in the body of the work, 
although it is mentioned in the author's preface. 

3 This date is borne out by several chronograms. Shahamat 'Alf, however, in 
the supplement to his History of Bh^walptir, (p. 195,) says that Bhiiwal Khin II 
died in A H. 181 1, after a reign of upwards of forty years. 

* The History of Bahawalpur, by Shahamet AH. 8vo. London, 1848. 



(93) 

(m) Oude, 
LXXXIX. 

'ImAd as-Sa'Adat. — A history of the Nawdbs of Oude, from the 
origin of their family* to the author's own time, by Mir Ghulam 'AH 
Nakawi Ben Sayyid Muhammad Akmal Khdn, who composed his work 
in AH. 1223 (a.d. 1808). 

This history, which commences with the origin of the family of the 
Nawdbs, in the reign of Bahddur Shah^ though principally devoted to 
the Nawabs of Oude, contains many interesting particulars relative to 
the affairs of Hindiistan. the Mahrattas, the Durrani Afghans, the 
Nizdms, the Ruhilah Afghans, the Sikhs, &c. It concludes with the 
arrival of Lord Minto, as Governor-General, in supersession of Sir 
George Barlow, in a.h. 1222 (a.d. 1807). 

Foil. 239. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
Prefixed is a table of the rubrics, comprising five leaves. 

Size 14 in. by 8^ in, (Colonel Doyle.) 

XC. 

IntikhIb-i AkhbAr-i NawAb Wazir al-Mam1lik BahAdur 
WA InttkhXb-i AkhbAr-i DarbAr-i Mu'alla wa AtrAp. — A journal 
of occurrences which took place in Oude, from the month Zi al-Ka'dat, 
A.H. 1208, to Jumada a«-Sani, a.h. 1209 (a.d. 1794-95). 

These Akhbar contain a daily record of events, sometimes relating 
circumstantially important historical facts, but more frequently de- 
scending almost to a level with the puerilities of our own ^' Court 
Circular." 

Foil. 293. Eleven lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
Imperfect both at the beginning and the end. 

Size 9 J in. by 6^ in. (Major D. Price.) 

^ The genealogy of Sa*&dat Khlin Burhto al-Mulk is tiaeed by the author to 
Mtisa Klizim, the seventh Imilm and twenty-fifth ancestor of Sa'idat Khin. 



(94) 
XCI. 



Intikhab-i Akhb1r-i Darbar-i Nawab WazIr al-MamAlik 
AsAp ad-Daulah BAniDUR. — A journal of occurrences which took 
place in Oude, but more particularly of the transactions of the Court 
of the Nawab Asaf ad-Daulah, from the month Jiundda as-Sani, 
A.H. 1209, to Rabi' as-Sdni, a.h. 1210 (a.d. 1795-96). 

Foil. 828. Eleven lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
Imperfect at the end. 

Si«e 8^ in. by 6 in. (Colonel Doyle.) 



3. House of Timiir. 
(a) Histories of T'vimr, 

XCII. 

Zafar NImah. — A circumstantial history of Timtir, from his 
birth to his death, by Sharaf ad-Din 'All Yazdi, who completed his 
work in a.h. 828 (a.d. 1424).^ 

Sharaf ad-Din employed four years in the composition of the 
Za&r Ndmah, which he wrote at the request of Ibrahim Sultan, son 
of Shdh Rukh and grandson of Timiir. It is stated that he drew part 
of his materials from the royal archives.^ The Zafar Ndmah, 
although panegjrrical in the extreme, is of great and well-deserved 
celebrity in the East. Khdndamir considers it preeminent above all 
other histories in the Persian language for beauty and elegance of, 
style.' Sharaf ad-Din died at Yazd in a.h. 850 (a.d. 1446).^ 

The whole work was translated into French by M. Petit de la 
CroiX) and published after his death, in the year 1722 f and this^ 
French translation was rendered into English in the following year, by 
Mr. John Darby." A considerable extract from the Zafar Namah, 

^ Habib as-Siyar. 

3 Von Hammer : Gteschichte der schdnen RedekiinBte Persiens, p. 284. 
' Habib a»-Siyar. 
* Hdj. Khalf, tome iv. p. 176. 

^ Histoire de Tfmtir-Bec ; ^crite en Persan par Cherefeddin Ali. Tradnite 
en Fran. 018 par feu M. Petit de la Croix. 4 tomes, 12mo. Paris, 1722. 
^ I have not been able to meet with this work. 



(95) 

accompanied by a French translation, was inserted bj M. Charmoy in 
the Memoirs of the Imperial Academy of Sciences at St. Petersburg.^ 

Foil. 262. Twenty-nine lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Nasta'lik hand, in a.h. 891 (a.d. 1486). 

Size 10 in. by 6 J in. (Gordon of Buthlaw.) 

XCIII. 

Zafar NAmah. — Another copy of the preceding work. 

Foil. 302. Twenty-one lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Nasta'lik hand. This MS. is imperfect both at the beginning and 
the end. A commencement of one leaf, and a conclusion of two 
leaves, have been added in Shikastah, in order to make the volume 
appear complete, but these additions are not from the work of Sharaf 
ad-Din. The first eight leaves of the original portion of the MS. have 
been misplaced by the binder : they should be inserted at the end of 
the volume, one leaf being missing between them and the last page as 
it now stands. Nearly one- fifth of the whole work is wanting at the 
beginning, and about seven leaves at the end. 

Size 11 in. by 5^ in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 



XCIV. 

Malfi^zat-i TImur]. — The autobiographical memoirs of Tlmtiry 
translated from the Chaghtdi Turk! language into Persian, by Abd 
Talib al-Husaini, in the reign of the Mongol Emperor Shdh Jahdn. 

Contents : — 

Preface of the Persian translator. The Institutes of Timdr. 
His Designs and Enterprises. Account of the omens of his 
future greatness. The Memoirs of Timtir, from his birth to 
A.H. 777 (a.d. 1375). 

The Institutes, and the Designs and Enterprises, were published in 
the original Persian, with an English translation, in the year 1793, hy 
Professor White and Major Davy;* these two books were afterwards 

' Expedition de Timonr-i-leng. M^moires de TAcad. Imp^r. des Sc. de 
St. P^terabourg. 6me S^rie, tome iii. p. 172 et seq,, 362 et seq. 

^ Institutes, political and military, written originally in the Mogul language, 
by the great Timour ; first translated into Persian by Abu Taulib Alhusseini, and 
thence into English by Major Davy. The original Persian transcribed, and the 
whole work published, by Joseph White, D.D. 4to. Oxford, 1783. 



(96) 

translated into French, by M. Langl^s, in 1787.^ The account of the 
omens, and the memoirs, were translated by Major Stewart from the 
present MS. in tbe year 1830.* 

Abti Talib al-Husaini's version of Timur*s work was revised in 
A.H. 1047 (a.d. 1637) by Muhammad Afzal Bukhdri, and in this revised 
edition the memoirs are continued to the death of Timdr, in ah. 807 
(a.d. 1404) ; Major Stewart, however, had an opportunity of consult- 
ing two MSS. of Muhammad AfzaVs edition, and states that he com- 
pared them with the present MS. so far as it extends, and that the 
only additions they contained were merely extracts from the Zafar 
Namah of Sharaf ad-Din 'All Yazdi. 

Foil. 1 29. Seventeen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
Size 10 in, by 6 in. (Major W. Davy.) 



XCIV.* 

TuztJKlx-i TiMUR. — A portion of the autobiographical work of 
Timur, containing — 

The Designs and Enterprises, and the Institutes. 

Foil. 126. Ten lines in a page. Written in Shikastah Amiz in 
A.H. 1229 (a.d. 1813). 

Size 7 in. by 4| in. (T. J. Newbold, Esq.) 



(b) General Histories of the House of Timur. 

XCV. 

Uir^J^ tr^J t;:l^>^' t^ 

Matla' as Sa'dain wa Majma' al-Bahrain. — A history of 
Timtir and his descendants to a.h. 875 (a.d. 1470), in two volumes, 

' Instituts politiques et militaires de Tamerlane, Merits par lui-m^me en Mogol, 
et tradnits en Francois sur la version Persane d*Aboa Thaleb al-Hhocemy, avecla 
vie de ce conqn^rant, &c., par M. Langl^s. 8vo. Paris, 1787* 

^ The Malfuzftt Timtlry, or autobiographical memoirs of the Moghul Emperor 
Timur, written in the Jagtay Tfirky language, turned into Persian by Abu Talib 
Hussyny, and translated into English by Major Charles Stewart. 4to. London, 
1830. Printed for the Oriental Translation Fund. 



(97) 

by Kamdl ad-Dm *Abd ar-Razzdk Ben Jal&l ad-Din Tshlk as Samar- 
kand!. 

'Abd ar-Razzdk was born at Hirdt in ah 816 (a.d. 1413). His 
father, Jalal ad-Din Ishdk, was Kazi in the time of Shah Rukh. In 
A.H. 841 (a.d. 1437), after his fathers death, he was admitted into the 
service of Shdh Rnkh, and in a.h. 845 (a.d. 1441) he was sent on an 
important mission to one of the Kings of India ; of this embassy he 
afterwards gave an interesting account in the Matla' as-Sa'dain. In 
A.H. 850 (a.d. 1446) 'Abd ar-Razzak was sent on an embassy into 
Gildn, and had scarcely fulfilled his mission when he was ordered to 
depart for Egypt, with the title of ambassador. The death of his 
master, however, prevented his journey. After this 'Abd ar-Razzdk 
resided successively with Mirzd *Abd al-Latif, Mirzd 'Abd Allah, 
MiTzA Babar, and Mirzd Ibrdhlm ; and in a.h. 856 (a.d. 1452) he 
made preparations for a journey into 'Irdk. In that year the Sultdn 
Abd al Kdsim Bdbar, passing through the town of Taft Yazd, had an 
interview with the celebrated historian Sharaf ad-Din 'Ali Yazdi, and 
our author was pi-esent at the conference. Two years afterwards he 
became attached to the person of the Sultdn Abu Sa'id^ who treated 
him with the greatest honour ; and, in a.h. 863 (a.d. 1458), when 
Sultan Hnsain Bahadur undertook an expedition into Jurjdn, our author, 
who had been sent on a mission into that part of the country, had an 
opportunity of witnessing most of the events of the war. In a.h. 867 
(a.d. 1462) 'Abd ar-Razzak was elected Shaikh of the monastery of 
Mirza Shah Rukh, at Hirat, and held that office until his death, which 
happened in a.h. 887 (a.d. 1482).* 

Contents :— 

Vol. I.-— Commencing with the birth of Abu Sa'id, son of 
Uljaiiu Sultdn Muhammad Khudabandah. The history of 
Timur, from the rise of his fortunes to his death, i.e. from 
A.H. 704 (a.d. 1034) to a.h. 807 (a.d. 1404), giving a detailed 
account of his reign in 'Irdk, Tdran, and other countries.' 

Vol. II.—- The history of Timtir's descendants, from the acces* 
sion of Shah Rukh in a.h. 807 (a.d. 1404) to that of Sukdn 
Husain Mlrzd in a.u. 875 (a.d. 1470), the time when the author 
wrote. 

' Haj. Kbalf., tome v. p. 603. Biographie Universelle. Notices et Extraits 
des MSS, tome xiv. Prem. part. p. 3 ei seq, 

^ I have not seen this first volume, and have given the contents from the 
catalogue of the Imperial library at St. Petersburg, p. 287. 

II 



(98) 

A fragment of the Matla' as-Sa'dain, relating to the embaasy to 
China, in the time of Shdh Rukh, and translated by Gralland, was 
printed in Therenot's collection of voyages : this fragment reappeared 
in PreYost*s Histoire Generale des Voyages, and was again translated 
into Dntch^ and inserted in Witsen's great work, Noord- en Oost- 
Tartaryen. The account of the embassies and letters that passed 
between the Emperor of China and Shah Rnkh, was published at 
Calcutta, in Persian and English, by Mr. Chambers,^ and was after- 
wards translated into French by M. Langles.' The latter Orientalist 
also gave an account of the work in the Notices et Extraits des MSS.' 
and introduced a version of *Abd ar-Razzak's description of India into 
the second volume of his Recueil portatif des Voyages. M. Charmoy 
has given a short notice of the Matla' as-Sa'dain, together with the 
text and translation of an extract from it, relating to Timur's expe- 
dition against Tuktamish Khdn, in the Memoires de I'Academie des 
Sciences de St. Petersbourg.^ The most satis^Eustory description of 
the work will be found, however, in the elaborate article by M. Qua- 
trem^re, in the fourteenth volume of the Notices et Extraits des MSB.* 
The learned academician has given a French translation of a great 
portion of the life of Shdh Rukh f and the text, accompanied by a 
version in French, of two other extracts firom *Abd ar-Razzdk's history, 
relating respectively to the voyage of the ambassadors of Shah Rukh 
to China,^ and to that of 'Abd ar-Razzdk himself to India.^ M. Qua- 
tremere passes the most fsivourable judgment as to the merits of tlie 
work, saying that it is, incontestably, one of the most curious and vera- 
cious histories that have been written in any of the Eastern languages. 

The present MS. comprises the second volume only of the Matla' 
as-Sa'dain. It professes to be the autograph copy of the author, and 
is distinctly stated so to be in the colophon. The general appearance, 
however, of the volume scarcely warrants its being considered as of so 
old a period ; and the care and neatness with which it is written, 
hardly any marginal corrections existing, lead me to suspect that the 
statement of its being in the handwriting of the author is untrue. 

' Asiatiek MiseeUany. Vol. i. p. 71* 4to. Calcutta, 1785. 

' Ambassades r^ciproques d'an Roi des Indes, de la Perse, &c., et d*im 
Empereor de la Chine. 8to. Paris, 1788. 

3 Tome Y., p. 383, note. 

4 Tome iiL, 6me S^rie, pp. 94, 245 et seq., 422 etteq, 

^ Premiere partie, p. 1 et »eq. ^ Ibid. p. 19 «/ seq. 

7 Ibid. p. et 8eq. p. 308 «/ eeq., 387 et seq, ^ Ibid. p. 341 etseq.y 426 etteq. 



(99) 

Foil. 379. Twenty-three lines in a page. Well written in a 
small Nasta'lik hand, by the author, in a.h. 875 (a.d. 1470). 

Size 10| in. by 6 J in. (General Briggs.) 

XCVI. 

V w" -y 

Tazkirat as-SalXtin-i Chaghta. — A general history of the 
Chaght^'i sovereigns, by Muhammad Hadi, surnamed Kdmwdr Kh^n, 
in two volumes. 

Muhammad Hadi mentions in his preface that hQ i^ndertook the 
composition of the Tazkirat as-Salatin on his having completed the 
Haft Gulshan Ilahi, which latter work is a history of the Kings of 
Dihll, M^lwah, Bengal, the Dakhin, Multdn, Thathah, and Kashmir.^ 

The present MS. comprises the first volume of the Tazkirat 
as-Saldtin, and contains : — 

An account of the origin of the Mongols, and of Changiz 
Khdn. A history of Timdr and his descendants who ruled in 
Khurdsan, to the death of Sultan Husain Mirzd, and the rise of 
the Safawi dynasty of Persia. A detailed history of the Mongol 
Emperors of Hind(istan, from the time of B^bar to the death of 
Jahdnglr, in a.h. 1037 (a.i>. 1627), and the release from prison 
of Prince Ddwar Bakhsh, son of Khusr6, who was proclaimed 

emperor by Asaf Kh^n. 

Foil. 421. Sixteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
Size 10 in. by 6 J in. 

XCVII. 



Tazkirat As-SAiXTfN-i Chaghta. — The second volnme, con- 
taining : — 

A short retrospect of some of the events which preceded the 
death of Jahangir and the accession of Shdh Jahan, in a.h. 1037 
(a.d. 1627), and the continuation of the history of the Mongol 

1 I have Dever seen the Haft Gulshan, but Sir Henry Elliot informs me that 
it is a poor and useless composition. He also tells me that he possesses the auto- 
graph copy of the author of the Tazkirat aa-SaWtin, but that unfortunately it is 

incomplete. 

h2 



( 100 ) 

Emperors to the seventh year of the reign of Mabammad Shdh, 
viz., A.H. 1137 (a.d.1724). 

This second volame seems to be very scarce. Tbe autbor of tbe 
'' Critical Essay on various MS. works, Arabic and Persian," translated 
by J. C, and printed for tbe Oriental Translation Fund, in 1832, says : 
'' Notwithstanding repeated inquiries I bave not been able to procure 
more tban tbe first portion of Abd al-Hddi's work ; nor bare I yet seen 
the second volume, which was the chief object of my research," (p. 451.) 
There is no doubt from the description that the same history is alluded 
to, though the author is erroneously called 'Abd al-Hadi, instead of 
Muhammad H&di. 

Poll. 478. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
The volume is apparently unfinished, ending abruptly. 

Size 9^ in. by 5| in. 

XCVIII. 

J^ JUL ^j\j 

TXRiKH-i KhAfi KhAn. — A history of the house of Tim6r, from 
their origin to the fifteenth year of the reign of the Emperor 
Muhammad Shah, i,e,, a.h. 1145 (a.d. 1732), by Mir Muhammad 
Hdshim, entitled Hdshhn 'All Khdn, and surnamed Khdfi Khan. 

This history is sometimes called the Muntakhab al-Lubdb, or, as 
it is named in the preface, Muntakhab-i Lubb-i Lub^b, but it is more 
generally known as tbe Tarikh-i Khdfi Khdn. The author was of 
good family, and resided at Dihli in the latter part of AurangziVs 
reign ; he composed his history during this period, but, owing to the 
well-known prohibition of that monarch,^ he concealed his work, and 
from some other causes did not publish it until a.h. 1145 (a.d. 1732). 
The book was well received on its publication ; and from the circum- 
stance of its having been so long concealed (Khdfl) its author received 
the title of Kh&fi Khdn. It may be regarded as one of the chief 
authorities for the history of Hindiistdn, during the period of which 
it treats. 

The present MS. comprises the first portion of the work, and 
contains : — 

An Introduction, giving an account of the origin of the 
Timtirides, traced from Turk Ben Yafit. The history of the 

' See i^frei, p. 125, note 3. 



(101) 

immediate descendants of Timiir, concisely related to the time of 
B^bar ; and the history of that conqueror and his successors to 
the dlst and last year of Shdh Jahan's reign, Le. a.h. 1067 
(a.d. 1656). 

Foil. 240. Nineteen lines in a page. Legibly written in a small 
Shikastah Amlz hand. 

Size 11| in. by 7f in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

XCIX. 

^U. jU. ^Jj 

TarIkh-i Knkvi KhAn. — The second portion of the work, con- 
taining : — 

The history of Aurangzib, from his accession to the throne 
to his death, in a.h. 1118 (a.d. 1706-7), the fifty-first year of 
his reign. 

This second portion does not complete the work which, as above- 
mentioned, continues the history to the fifteenth year of the reign 
of Muhammad Shdh. 

Foil. 200. Nineteen lines in a page. Written in Shikastah Amlz^ 
uniform with the MS. last described. "~"'" 

Size 11 in. by 7f in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

C. 

A concise history of Hindustan, from the birth of Aurangzib, to 
the time of Muhammad Shdh. There is no preface or author's name. 
Foil. 20. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Shikastah. 
Size, 10 in. by 5^, (Major D. Price.) 

CI. 

Maasir al-Umara. — Biographies of the most celebrated Nawdbs, 
ministers, generals, nobles, &c., who lived during the time of the 
Timurides j by the Nawdb Samsam ad-Daulah Shdh Nawaz Khdn 
al-Khawd£[ al-Anrangabddl. The present work is the first edition, 
with additions, by Ghnldm 'AH, poetically surnamed Azad Husaini 
Wdsiti Bdlgrdmi ; the whole arranged in alphabetical order. 

The Amir Kamal ad-Din, the fifth ancestor of Shah Nawdz Khdn, 
came from Khawaf to Hindustan, in the reign of Akbar, whose service 



( 102 ) 

be entered ; and his descendants held in sueeession some of the highest 
oifices of state^ nnder the succeeding emperors. Shdh Naw^z Khan, 
^hose original name was 'Abd ar-Razzak al-Husaini, was bom at 
L6h<ir, in a.h. 1111 (a.d. 1 699). Early in life he went to Aurangdbdd, 
where most of his relatives resided, and he was not long afterwards 
appointed Diw^n of Barar. Having incurred the displeasure of the 
Nizdm al-Mulk Asaf Jdh, by favouring the revolt of his son N^ir Jang, 
he was disgraced and went into retirement^ and it was during this period 
that he composed the Maasir al-Umar^. After he had passed five 
years in seclusion, Asaf Jdh, in a.h. 1160 (a.d. 1747), shortly before 
his death, took him again into favour, and reinstated him in the 
Diwdni of Barar. Shah Nawdz Khan enjoyed the highest honours 
under Ndsir Jang, the son and successor of Asaf J^h, and subse- 
quently became the chief minister of Saldbat Jang, the Subahdar of the 
Dakhin, and played a conspicuous part in the afiairs of that portion 
of India^ and the struggles for supremacy between the English and 
French. He was assassinated in a.h. 1171 (a.d. 1757). Ghulam 
'All implicates Bussy in his murder, but the charge appears to be 
without foundation.^ 

After the death of Shdh Nawaz Khan his house was plundered^ 
and his library dispersed. He had left the Madsir al-Umard in a 
rough and imperfect state, and it was missing at the time of his 
murder. Ghuldm 'Ali, however, who had been his intimate friend, 
made all search for the lost work, and, a full twelvemonth afterwards, 
found it, arranged the scattered portions, and prepared it for publi- 
cation, making several important additions, and prefixing a preface, 
which gives an account of the work, and a good life of its distin- 
guished author.' 

Mr. Bland has related some particulars of the life of Ghuldm *Ali, 
the editor of the Maasir al-Umara, in the Society's Journal.' We 
learn that he was a poet and a biographer of poets,^ and that he was 

> Mill's History of India. 4th edit. Vol. iii. p. 217, note by Professor 
Wilson. Mr. Wilson judiciously remarks: ''The native historian is no doubt 
misled by his prejudices, in ascribing to the French commandant any share, how- 
ever indirect, in the assassination of the Dewan ; but had Clive been implicated 
in any similar transaction, it is very probable that the English historian would have 
given a very different accoont of it.** And see the Quarterly Oriental Magazine, 
vol. iv. p. 284, note. 8vo. Calcutta, 1825. 

' This life was translated under the superintendence of our learned Director, 
and published in the Quarterly Oriental Magazine, vol. iv. p. 269 et seg. 
^ Jour. Boy. As. Soc, vol. ix. p. 150. 

^ He wrote the Khazdnah-i 'Amirah. 



( 103 j 

bom in a.h. 1116 (a.d. 1704). The date of his 'death is not men- 
tioned. He travelled into varioas parts of India, and visited Makkah 
and Madinah ; and Mr. Bland states, on the authority of the Khuldsat 
al-Afkar, '^ that after his journeys and pilgrimage already described 
(and mentioned also in the Suhuf), he was much honoured during bis 
residence at Aurangabad, by the Subahddrs, and associated in friendly 
intimacy with the sons of Asaf Jah ; yet, with these temptations, he 
never engaged in the affairs of the world;" ^ Ghuldm 'Ali himself 
informs us that he was at one time attached to Samsdm ad-Daulah, in 
the capacity of amanuensis. 

The biographies comprised in this first edition of the Maasir 
al-Umara extend to Ghulam 'Ali's own time, and are 261 in number 
if we include the life of the author by the editor. Ohuldm 'Ali's edi- 
tion, has, however, been completely superseded by that subsequently 
published by 'Abd al-Hayy Khdn, the son of Samsdm ad-Daulah, 
which incorporates the whole of the present edition, with many 
valuable additions ; and will be found described hereafter.^ 

The present MS. contains : — 

The preface by Ghulam 'Ali, the editor. 

The life of Sh6h Nawaz Khdn. 

The preface by Shdh Nawdz Khdn. 

The biographies arranged alphabetically, to the middle of those 
comprised under the initial letter Ddl, at which point the volume 
has been improperly severed by the binder. 

Foil. 220. Twenty. one lines in a page. Plainly written in 
Nasta'lik. 

Size Hi in. by 7 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

CII. 

MaAsir al-Umara. — The latter portion of the first edition of the 
biographical work of Shah Nawdz Khan. 

Foil. 233. This MS. is in every respect similar to that last 
described, and bears the date of transcription, a.h. 1204 (a.d. 1789). 

Size 1 li in. by 7 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 



* Jour. Roy. As. Soc., vol. ix. p. 152. 
2 Infra, No, CIII. 



( 104 ) 

cm. 

Maasir al-UmarX. — The second edition of the biographical work 
of Samsdm ad-Danlah Shdh Nawdz Khdn^ edited, with considerable 
additions, by his son 'Abd al-Hayy Khdn, entitled Samsdm al-MuIk, 
or Samsam Jang. 

'Abd al-Hayy Khdn was bom in a.h. 1142 (a.d. 1729), and in 
AH. 1162 (a.d. 1748) was elevated to the rank of Khan, by the 
Nizdm Ndsir Jang, who also bestowed upon him the Diwdni of Bardr. 
In the time of Salabat Jang he became Kil'ahdar of Daulatdbdd. On 
his father's murder, in a.h. 1171 (a.d. 1757), he was imprisoned in 
the fortress of Gulkundah, but he was subsequently released in 
A.H. 1173 (a.d. 1759), by the Nawdb Nizdm alMulk Nizdm 

ad-Daulah Asaf Jdh Sdni, who treated him with great distinction, 
and reinstated him in his hereditary title as Samsam al-Mulk.^ He 
died in a.h. 1196 (a.d. 1781). 

'Abd al-Hayy Khan mentions in his preface the edition of the 
Maasir al-Umard prepared by Ghuldm 'All, and says that other 
parts of his father's work having subsequently come into his hands, 
he determined to complete it from them and other sources. He 
enumerates no less than thirty histories and biographical treatises, 
from which he has drawn the materials for his own portion of the 
work. He also states that he finished his task in a.h. 1194 
(a.d. 1780). 

The second edition of the Madsir al-Umara contains : — 

The preface by the editor. 

The original preface by Shah Nawdz Khdn. 

The preface by Ghuldm 'Ali. 

The life of Shah Nawdz Khan, by Ghuldm 'All. 

An index to the biographies. 



I At the end of the life of Samsdm ad-Danlah, by OhullKm ' Ali, it is said that 'Abd 
al-Hayy Khan's title was originally Shams ad-Daulah Diliwar Jang, bat that he 
afterwurds, on being released from prison, received his father's title, viz., Sams&m 
ad-Daulah Samsam Jang, and was appointed to the rank of six tiiousand. He 
himself, however, in the appendix to his own edition of the Maiisir al-UmarIi, states, 
that the title conferred upon him was Samsdm al-Mulk, and that in relation there- 
with he adopted the poetical name of ^ \^ S^m. He concludes his work by 

quoting some of his own verses. Mr. Bland informs me that in the Suhfif he is 
called Sams6m al-Mulk DiUwar Jang. 



(105) 

Tbe biograpbies, arranged in alpbabetical order. 
Conclasion, containing a abort life of tbe editor 'Abd al-Hayy 
Kbdn. 

Tbe biograpbies in tbis second edition, including tbe lives of tbe 
editor and bis fatber, are 731 in number, giving an increase of 569 
lives not contained in tbe former edition. Tbey are very ably written, 
and fall of important bistoric detail ; and, as tbey include tbose of all tbe 
most eminent men wbo flourisbed in tbe time of tbe Mongol Emperors 
of tbe bouse of Timur, down to a.h. 1194 (a.d. 1780), tbe Ma^ir 
al-Umard must always bold its place as one of tbe most valuable 
books of reference for tbe student of Indian bistory. 

Colonel Stewart bas made a strange confusion witb regard to tbe 
autborsbip of tbe Madsir al-Umara, reversing completely tbe relations 
of fatber and son. He says : " Tbis book was compiled by Abd 
al-Hy Ben Abd al Rezak Sbab Nuaz Kban, and finisbed by bis 
son Sumsam al Dowlab, a.d. 1779."^ 

Foil. 421. Twenty- five lines in a page. Well written in 
Nasta'lik, in A.H. 1242 (a.d. 1826). 

Size 17 in. by 11^ in. (General Briggs.) 

■ 

CIV. 

'Ibrat Nam ah.— A bistory of tbe Mongol Emperors of Hin- 
diist^n, from tbe deatb of Aurangzib to tbat of Mubammad Amin 
Kban, tbe Wazir^of Mubammad Sbdb, in a.h. 1133 (a.d. 1721) ; by 
Sayyid Mubammad Kdsim,' wbo was in tbe service of Husain 'Ali 
Kbdn, paymaster of Farrukbsiyar's troops. 

Foil. 108. Twelve lines in a page. Illegibly written in Sbikastah, 
in A.H. 1202 (a.d. 1787). 

Size 9J in. by 7 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

CV. 

SiYAR al-MutaakhkhirIn.' — A bistory of tbe Mubammadan 

* Stewart's Catalogue of Tipp<^o*8 Library, p. 19. 

s He is called Mfr Eiisim I^htiri in the T£rikh-i Ranjit Singh, described 
suprhy No. LXXXVII. 

' Or, perhaps, Sayr al-Mutai^khkhirin, '^ A review, or spectacle of modem 
times." Oeneral Briggs prefers the reading given above, which signifies ** The 
manners of the moderns.'* 



(106) 

• 

power in India, from the death of the Emperor Anrangzih, in a.h. 1118 
(a.d. 170^-7), to the time when the author wrote, viz., a.h. 1195 
(a.d. 1780), by Mir Ghuldm Husain Khdn Ben Hiddyat 'AU Khdn 
Ben as-Sayyid 'Alam Allah Ben as^Sayyid Faiz Allah at-Tabataba 
al-Husaini, in two volumes, together with an Appendix, comprising 
some account of the events which occurred during Aurangzib's 
reign. 

Mir Ghulam Husain Khan was a person of high family at the 
Court of Dihli, and, and, with his father, resided many years at the 
Court of the Nawdbs of Bengal ; he was, therefore, an eye-witness of 
much that he relates. 

Contents :-— 

Vol. 1. — The history of the Mongol empire, from the death of 
Aurangzib to the twenty-second year of Muhammad Shah's 
reign, i,e, a.h. 1152 (a.d. 1739), together with a detailed narra- 
tive of the affairs of Bengal, down to the anthoi^s own time, 
A.H. 1195 (a.d. 1780). This volume concludes with some 
account of Mubarak ad-Daulah, and of the English goV'emment 
and policy in Bengal, assigning twelve reasons for the dimi- 
nution of revenue and decrease of population in that Siibah. 

Vol. II. — Continuing the history of the empire, from a.h. 1153 
(a.d. 1740) to A.H. 1195 (A.D. 1780). 

Appendix. — An account of the character and actions of 
Aurangzib. 

The pre&ce of the Siyar al-Mutaakhkhirin was published in the 
original, at Calcutta, under the revision of Maulawi 'Abd al-Majid, in 
1836.^ I am not aware whether the remainder of the work has 
appeared. The text of an abridgement of Ghuldm Husain Khan's 
history had been previously edited and printed at the same place, in 
the year 1827.* 



1 ~ *.. 

^ .s>-UX^ j^ (^\j^ *^jJL« • Preface to the Seirool Mutakhirin, 

edited by Hukim Mouluvee Abdool Mujid. Voi.i. 4to. Calcutta, 1836. 

i}j^ (♦ t^t^ • '^^^ Moolukhkhua-ool-Tuwareekh, being an abridgement of the 

Seir Mootakheiim. Prepared chiefly by Mauiavi Abdool Kerim. 4to. Calcutta, 
1827. 



(107) 

The entire work was translated into English in the year 1789, by a *7>^ oLt" 
Fren ch gentleman then resident in India.^ This version is sufficiently "^^^ 
£Ebithful to the text, but the style is inelegant, and it is to be regretted €%y /L#ef ^■ 
that the translator should have been induced to render his original /|t ^^ 
into a language with which he was not thoroughly acquainted. '^ ^ 

The first portion of the Siyar al-Mutaakhkhirin has been more^^*> #NrP'*^ 
recently translated by General Briggs, to whose learned labours on the ^ ^^^ 
history of Muhammadan Tndia we are so largely indebted. I mayl^ ^*'* Jr^ 
here appropriately quote his accotiiit of the work, and his opinion of^^^€ 
its merits : " It embraces a period of about seventy years, and afibrds^*"^^^ ^ 
a complete insight into the events which caused the downfall of the ^f ^^ 

Mahomedan power, and the elevation of the Mahrattas ; and it brings ^ * ^ * 

us to the first steps which led to the occupation of Bengal, and 
eventually of all India, by the British Government. The work is 
written in the style of private memoirs, the most useful and engaging 
shape which history can assume ; nor, excepting in the peculiarities 
which belong to the Mahomedan character and creed, do we perceive 
throughout its pages any inferiority to the historical memoirs of 
Europe. The Due de Sully, Lord Clarendon, or Bishop Burnet, need 
not have been ashamed to be the authors of such a production.*' ' 

General Briggs' translation ends with the defeat of Sar Afraz 
Khan, by Mahdbat Jang, commonly known in this country as Alia 
Verdi Khan, in a.h. 1153 (a.d. 1740), and comprises about one-fifth 
of the entire work. 

Foil. 481. Twenty-one lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Nasta'lik character. 

Size \(^\ in. by 7| in. (N. B. Edmonstone, Esq.) 

CVI. 






Siyar al-Mutaakhkhirin. — Another copy of the preceding 
rk. 



work. 



^ A translation of the Seir Mutaqharin, or View of Modern Times, being an his- 
tory of India from the year 1118 to the year 1195 of the Hidjrah; the whole 
written in Persian, by Seid Gholam Hossein Khan. 3 vols. 4to. Calcutta, 1789. 

^ The Siyar-al-Mutakherin, a history of the Mahomedan power in India during 
the last century, by Mir Gholam Hussein- Khan. Revised from the translation of 
Haji Mustafa, and collated with the Persian original, by John Briggs, MiR.A.S. 
8vo. Lond. 1832. Printed for the Oriental Translation Fund. 



( 108 ) 

Foil. 362. Twenty-five and twenty-eight lines in a page* Well 
written in a small Nasta'lik hand. 

Size 12^ in. by 8| in. (General Briggs.) 

CVII. 

SiYAR AL-MuTAAKHKHiBiN. — The first Yolume. 
Foil. 496. Fifteen lines in a page. Written in Shikastah Ami£. 
Size llf in. by 8:^ in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 

CVIII. 

SiYAR AL - MutaakhkhirIn. — The second volume^ with the 
Appendix. 

Foil. 184. Fifteen lines in a page. Written in Shikastah Amiz. 
Size 12 in. by 8^ in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 

(c) Ahbar, 
CIX. 



^^ • 



Akbab N Am ah.— -A history of the Emperor Akbar, in three 
volumes, by the Shaikh Abd al-Fazl Ben Mubarak, comprising an 
account of his ancestors, the history of forty-seven years of his reign, 
and a description of the geography, constitution, statistics, &c., of the 
Mongol empire in India, during the time he flourished. 

Mubarak, the father of Abu al-Fazl, and of his scarcely less cele- 
brated brother Faizi, was a native of Ndgdr, and at one time taught 
in a school of law and divinity, at Agrah. He was originally a 
Sunni, then a Shi'ah, and subsequently became a freethinker. It is 
probable that his sons, although conforming with the outward observ- 
ances of Muhammadanism, imbibed from him the liberal opinions on 
religious subjects which they entertained, and which they are accused 
by all the Musulmdn writers of having instilled into Akbar's mind, 
and thus corrupted that monarch's orthodoxy.^ 

Abu al-Fazl was bom in a.h. 958 (a.d. 1551).' Faizi, his 

1 Elphinstone, History of India, voL ii. p. 281. 2nd edition. 
' Matoir al-UmarIi, as edited by 'Abd id-Hayy Kh^n. 



(109) 

brother, had been prseented to Akbar in he twelfth year of that 
monarch's reign, and Abu al-Fazl was introduced to the emperor's 
notice in the twentieth, viz., a.h. 982 (a.d. 1574). AbA al-Fazl 
soon afterwards attained high military rank, and became chief 
minister, an office which he filled with distinction for nearly twenty- 
eight years. His favour at Court naturally excited the envy of his 
less fortunate rivals, and towards the close of Akbar's reign, a conspi- 
racy was formed against him by his enemies, and headed by Salim, 
one of Akbar's sons, who afterwards ascended the throne, under the 
name of Jahdngir. The conspirators having learned that AbA 
al*Fazl was on his return from a mission in the Dakhin, sent a 
HindA Rdjah, named Narsingh Div BAndhilah, with a strong force, 
both horse and foot, in order to intercept him. The Rdjah met AbA 
al-Fazl near Ujjain,^ and, after an obstinate conflict, the minister's 
party was defeated, and he himself was slain. Narsingh Div for- 
warded AbA al-Fazl's head to Salim at Allahdbad. This assassination, 
which is the deepest blot on the character of Jahdngir^ was perpe- 
trated on the fourth of Rabi* al-Awwal, in a.h. 1011 (a.d. 1602). 
AbA al-Fazl, besides the Akbar Ndmah, was the author of the DustAr 
al-'Amal, which is an abridgment of the Ayin-i Akbari, the third 
volume of the Akbar Ndmah ; and of the 'lyar-i Danish, a Persian 
translation of the fables of Bidpai : there is also a collection of his 
letters and miscellaneous writings, which was published after his 
death by his nephew, 'Abd as-Samad, and is entitled the MaktAbat, 
or, Insh^'i AbA al-Fazl. In addition to the productions of his own 
pen, he conferred a further benefit upon the Muhammedan literature 
of India, by causing translations to be made of the Mahabhdrata, the 
Rdmdyana, and other Sanskrit works of note.' 

^ Muhammad H£d£, the editor of Jah^ngir^s autobiography (described infrh. 
No. CXX.), states in his introduction that Abti al-Fazl was assassinated on his 
anival at a place called the Sar^'i Bar, ten kurdhs distance from Guw^iiy^. 

('^^j c:^^ tr'^j jW ljjV ^^j^ ^ y- ^\t^ ^ U^J^' 

Gladwin calls it Barkeh Serai (Hist, of Hind. p. vii.) There is great uncertainty 
as to this name. In the Ma^ir al-Umari, (described suprci No. GUI.) we 

find the place thus mentioned : i^jjjij\ *<U^ ^1^ ^^ ^ ^j 
1^ ^^^\ ^jX. The words Barkeh or Bar Idh, are very possibly erroneous renderings 

of the term Parganah, the name of the Parganah being omitted. 

^ See the article ^^ Abd-l-Fazl,*' by Professor Forbes, in the Biographical 
Dictionary of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, vol. i. Svo, 
London, 1842. The best account that I have seen of Abd al-Fazl, as also of his 
brother Faizi, is to be found in the Ma&sox al-Umar£, as edited by 'Abd al-Hayy 
Khto (described supra, No. GUI). 



(110) 

The present MS. coiDprises the first two volumes of the Akhar 
Ndmah. 

Vol. I.— Divided into two parts, and a conclusion. Part 1. 
Containing the author's preface ; an account of Akbar's birth, 
and of his ancestors ; of the Mongols, from their origin ; and of 
Timi^r, Bdbar, and Humayun, giving a detailed history of the 
reign of the last-named emperor, to his death in a.h. 963 
(a.d. 1555). Part 2. The history of the reign of the Emperor 
Akbar, from his accession to the throne, to the second of Jumada 
al-Awwal, a.h. 979 (a.d. 1571).* Conclusion. — Many MSS. omit 
this conclusion,' and it seems doubtful whether it is from the pen 
of the author. 

Vol. II. — The continuation of the history of Akbar to Ramazdn 
A.H. 1010 (a.d. 1601), the commencement of the forty-eighth year 
of his reign. 

I cannot refrain from quoting in this place Mr. Elphinstone's 
excellent criticism on the Akbar Ndmah : — <' Abul Fazl, in this reign, 
shows all his usual merits, and more than his usual defect^. Every 
event that had a tepdency to take from the goodness, wisdom, or 
power of Akbar, is passed over or misstated ; and a uniform strain of 
panegyric and triumph is kept up, which disgusts the reader with the 
author, and almost with the hero. Amidst these unmeaning flourishes, 
the real merits of Akbar disappear, and it is fron^ other authors that 
we leam the motives of his actions, the difficulties he had to contend 
with, and the resources by which they were surmounted. The gross 
flattery of a book written by one so well acquainted with Akbar's 
disposition, and submitted, it appears, to his own inspection, leaves 
an impression of the vanity of that prince, which is almost the only 
blot on his admirable character." ' 

Foil. 232. Thirty-two lines in a page. Well written in Shikastah, 
in A.H. 1145-46 (a.d. 1732-33). 

Size 16| in. by 9 J- in. (Major D. Price.) 

1 In seme MSS. this second part of the first volume continues the history to 
the end of a.u. 979 (a.d. 1571). See infra, Nos. CX., CXI., CXV. In others the 
second part ends as in the text, and the remainder is found at the commencement 
of the second volume. 

' Exemp. gr. see ir^rh^ Nos. CX., CXI. 

3 Elphinstone, Hist, of India, vol. ii. p. 308, note, 2nd edit. 



(Ill) 

ex. 

Akbar NAmah. — The first volume, Parts I. and XL, continniDg the 
history to the end of a.h. 979 (a.d. 1571), but omitting the conclusion. 

Foil. 294. Twenty-three lines in a page. Well written in a 
small Nasta'lik hand, in a.h. 1014 (a.d. 1605). 

Size 12 in. by 8^ in. (Major D. Price.) 

CXI. 

Akbar NImah. — The first volume, Parts I. and II., continuing 
the history to the end of a.h. 979 (a.d. 1571), but omitting the con- 
clusion. 

Foil. 484. Seventeen lines in a page. Plainly written in NastaMik, 
in A.H. 1232 (a.d. 1816). 

Size 13 in. by 8| in. (General Briggs.) 

CXII. 

Akbar NImah. — The first part of the first volume. 

Foil. 146. Twenty-three lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
The first five leaves and the last leaf have been supplied by a more 
modem hand. 

Size 1 2^ in. by 8 in. (Major D. Price.) 

CXIII. 

Akbar NImah. — The second part of the first volume. Omitting 
the continuation, but giving the conclusion, as in No. CIX. 

Foil. 168. Twenty-three lines in a page. Well written in Nas- 
ta'lik, uniform withs the MS. last described. 

Size 12j in. by 8 in. (Major D. Price.) 

CXIV. 



^^ • 



Akbar Namah. — The first part of the first volume. 

Foil. 288. Seventeen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 

Size 11^ in. by 7f in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 



(112) 

cxv. 

Akbar NXmah. — The second part of the first volume. Com- 
prisiDg the history to the end of a.h. 979 (ad. 157 1), together with the 
conclusion. 

Foil. 367. Seventeen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik, 
uniform with the last-mentioned MS. 

Size 11^ in 7| in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

CXVI. 

Akbar Namah. — The third volume. This volume, more gene- 
rally known as the Ayin-i Akbari, is a sort of supplement or 
appendix to the Akbar Ndmah^ though complete in itself. It com- 
prises a detailed description of Akbar's empire, in the most extended 
sense, furnishing the fullest information as to the machinery of govern- 
ment, civil and military, the revenues, and the statistics of HindCistdn, 
and concludes with an account of the religions, casts, astronomy, 
geography, languages, natural history, philosophy, metaphysics, and 
laws of India. 

The Ayin-i Akbari has been translated into English by Gladwin,^ 
but as Professor Forbes remarks, his version is, '' in fact, more of an 
abstract than a translation j and, with the exception of the dry statis- 
tical details, it is very incorrect." ' . 

Foil. 324. Twenty-five lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik, 
in A.H. 1066 (a.d. 1655). 

Size 14f in. by 10 in. (Sir C. W. Malet, Bart.) 

(d) Jakdngir, 
CXVII. 

TARfKH-i JahangIr Namah SalImI. — The autobiographical 

' Ayeen Akbery ; or, tbe Institutes of the Emperor Akber. Translated from 
the Persian, by Francis Gladwin, 3 vols. 4to. Calcutta, 1783-86. Reprinted, 
2 vols. 4to. London, 1 800, and in 8vo. 

^ Biographical Dictionary of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Know- 

ledge. Vol. i. Article Abu-l-Fazl. And see the Catalogue des Livres com- 
poeant la Bibliuthdque de feu M. Langles. 8vo. Paris, 1825, p. 647, note B. 



(113) 

memoirs of the Emperor Jahanglr, from his acccession to the throne, 
to A.H. 1029 (a.d. 1619). 

Jahanglr succeeded to the empire of Hindustan immediately on 
the death of his father Akhar, in a.h. 1014 (a.d. 1605), and died in 
A.H. 1037 (a.d. 1627). 

The antohiographj of Jahdngir is undoubtedly one of the most 
carious and interesting works in the whole range of the Muhammadan 
literature of India, presenting, as it does, a complete picture of the 
private life of one of the most powerful and despotic monarch s of the 
world, of his own views, moral and political, of the manners of his 
court, and of the chief events of his reign. 

Of these memoirs there are certainly two editions, which differ so 
much the one from the other, that they can scarcely be called the same 
work. The present MS. is most probably the oldest copy of the auto- 
biography of Jahangir now extant, having been written in a.h. 1040 
(a.d. 1630), only three lunar years after the death of the royal author ; 
and for this reason J shall style the memoirs, as contained in this 
volume, the Jirst edition.^ This edition was translated by the learned 
and indefatigable Major Price,' from a MS. which will be presently 
described. I have had the opportunity of examining no less than five 
copies of the first edition, viz. : three in the present collection,' one in 
the library of the East India House,^ and a fifth in the British 
Museum,^ all of which agree, more or less, one with another, although 
some discrepancies occur. 

I will now advert to what I would style the second edition. 

In the year 1786 Mr. Anderson published some extracts from 
Jahangirs memoirs in the Asiatic Miscellany,^ and other portions 
were subsequently given by Mr. Gladwin, in the appendix to his His- 
tory of Jahangir."' These differ materially from the translation by 
Major Price, being the same in substance only, but couched in very 
different language ; they, however, agree tolerably with each other. 
Mr. Elphinstone, in his History of India, says that Gladwin possessed 



* I would BO call it, merely from the period at which the present MS. was 
iranflcribed; it may possibly be only an abridgment, or rather an altered version 
of the larger work, described irtfrh, No. CXX. 

' Memoirs of the Emperor Jahangueir, written by himself; translated by Major 
D. Price. 4to. Lond. Printed for the Oriental Transktion Committee. 1829. 

3 The present MS., and the two next following. * No. 54& 

^ Addit No. 6,554. 

^ Asiatick Miscellany. Vol. ii. p. 71 etseq., 172 et seq 4to. CnlcntU, 1780. 

7 History of Hindoetan, vol. i. p. 96 ei seq. 4to. Calcultij lllUl 

I 



(114) 

a mucb more perfect copy of the memoirs than that used by Price,^ 
and Gladwin himself speaks of the work thus : " He (Jahangir) also 
wrote his own memoirs in the Persian language, containing a minute 
account of the political and private conduct of his life, from the com- 
mencement of his reign to the end of the twelfth year ; they are uni- 
versally admired for the purity, elegance, and simplicity of the style ; 
and he appears, in general, to have exposed his own follies and weak- 
nesses with great candour and fidelity : when he bad completed the 
memoirs of twelve years he distributed several copies of them among 
his children, and principal officers of his court. He continued these 
memoirs, with his own hand, till the commencement of the seventeenth 
year of his reign ; when, finding himself, from ill health, unable to 
proceed, he, from that period to the time of his death, employed 
Motamid Khan as his amanuensis. The whole of this continuation is 
exceedingly scarce, the compiler of this history not having been able to 
procure a sight of any other copy than the one which was sent him 
by his friend. Colonel Polier." ' Gladwin gives no authority for these 
statements,' and it is to be remarked that the author of the Critical 
Essay says : " I have never seen a copy of the emperor's own work 
that traces his history beyond the eighteenth year of his reign." ^ 

On the appearance of Major Price's translation the learned Silvestre 
de Sacy pointed out the difference that existed between that translation 
and the extracts above-mentioned.^ He observed that this difference 
could not be explained by the supposition that the text, as published 
by Anderson, was only an abridgment or extract from the original 
memoirs of Jahdngir, since the version of Anderson, though the more 
concise of the two, contained the statement of many circumstances 
omitted in Price's translation ; he likewise, by quoting parallel 
passages, showed that it was impossible that Anderson's extracts and 
Price's version could have been derived from the same text. De Sacy 
also mentions the exaggerated account of property and expenditure, 
as of the number of elephants, horses, &c., and the cost of buildings, 

^ Eiphinstone, History of India, voL ii. p. 350, note. 8yo. Lond. 1843. 2d edit. 

^ History of Hindostan, vol. i. pp. 91, 92. 

^ In the preface to the second edition of the Mai&sir al-Umar£ (described «tfprd. 
No. cm.), the editor, in enumerating the authorities, speaks of the Jahangir 
N^mah, in which the emperor has himself recorded the events of twelve years of 

his reign. *aJL iiJj\jJ J\p-^ ^^ C:-J^ ^ <UU ^^l^ 

«• 

* Critical Essay, p. 40. 

^ Journal des Savans, 1830. Pp. 350 et seq., 430 et seg. 



(115) 

and sacb like, in the memoirs as translated by Price, compared with 
the more moderate statements given in Anderson's extracts. He con- 
cludes, without questioning the authenticity of the MS. employed by 
Price, by stating that he considers the extracts published by Anderson 
and Gladwin have a greater right to be considered as the work of the 
Emperor than the MS. from which Price has translated, and that the 
latter is probably a portion of a more recent work, written on the 
basis of the original memoirs of Jahdngir, and perhaps of other docu- 
ments, by some writer who has wrongfully adopted the first person, 
as though addressing his children, and, without regard to the order of 
events, has inserted much extraneous matter, just as he happened to 
remember it, leaving out many things that ought to have formed part 
of the narrative. 

Some time ago I chanced to meet with a MS. containing memoirs 
of Jahdngir's reign, written in the first person, and agreeing closely 
with the extracts published by Anderson and Gladwin. My MS., 
though unfortunately imperfect,^ differed so extensively from the 
others that I had then seen, that, if authentic, it at once confirmed the 
sagacious suggestion of De Sacy as to the existence of two distinct 
texts of the Emperors work. Since then I have found two other 
MSS. of the memoirs in the library of the East India Company,' which 
agree with my own copy almost verbatim, and are perfect at the com- 
mencement : they begin rather abruptly with the Emperor's accession,' 
and they both bring the history of Jahangir*s reign down to the 
beginning of the nineteenth year, where it is broken off without 
explanation, comment, or conclusion. These two MSS., taken in con- 
junction with my own, at once set the question at rest as to there being 
two texts of the memoirs, but some doubt still remained as to their 
respective authenticity. That the edition which I have here called 
the first is authentic, is, I think, sufficiently proved by the age of the 



1 The volume is imperfect at the beginning, and the roemoira condade with 
the events of a.h. 1027 (a.d. 1617) ; it is, moreover, ill-written, and in some 
places almost illegible, from the difficulty of the handwriting, and injury received 
from damp. 

* Noa. 164 and 181. 



> The first words are: ^y^ ^^:^^\tjSj ^\ CL^bUjo CL^^bUc jl 



I 2 



(116) 

preseDt MS., since a work transcribed so soon after the author's death 
could scarcely have been foisted on the public if a forgery ; but the 
uuthenticity of the larger and more complete edition remained still 
somewhat doubtful. Under these circumstances I was delighted to 
find amongst the valuable MSS. recently presented to our society by 
GFeneral Briggs, a complete copy of the memoirs, coinciding with my 
own MS., with the published extracts, and with the two MSS. of the 
East Tndia House last-mentioned, and containing, moreover, an edi- 
torial preface and introduction, together with a continuation of the 
work to the death of Jah^ugir. The details given by the editor in 
the MS. of Greneral Briggs, which will be described hereafter,^ are, 
I think, decisive as to the genuineness of the larger work. I have 
called it the second edition, since it was edited after the authors 
death, but it possibly, nay, was probably, prepared as it at present 
exists, by the Emperor himself. That the shorter work was only a 
kind of sketch for the preparation of the more complete edition, may 
be hazarded as a conjecture ; but, from the great difierence existing 
between them, I am disposed to think that Jahangir, like Tlmur and 
Bdbar, wrote his autobiography in the Ghaghtai Turki language, and 
that the copies we now possess are merely more or less perfect trans- 
lations from the original.' 

The present MS. is probably the most authentic copy of Jahdngir's 
memoirs now extant, or at least of the first edition, having been 
written as before stated, soon after the imperial author s death. -In 
addition to the memoirs it comprises a Pand Namah, or collection of 
moral maxims and rules of conduct, with a short preface by another 
writer.' This Pand Ndmah occupies thirty-two leaves, and the 
volume concludes with a number of letters, petitions, &c., written 
during the latter part of Jahdngir's reign, and filling the last twenty 
leaves of the book. This third division of the work I have not met 
with in any other MS. The memoirs and the Pand Namah are, in 
the present volume, freely interspersed with verses, many of which 
are omitted in Price's MS., which will be presently described, and the 

1 See infriL, No. CXX. 

3 M. de Tassy suggests that the memoirs may have been originally written in 
Hindtistdni. — *' On pourrait, peut-Stre, consid^rer la redaction hindoustani comme 
originale, car il n^est pas dit qu^elle soit tradoite da persan. Au surplus, j*ai 
daus ma collection particuliire deux exemplaires de ces M^moires, et 11 y a entre 
eux des difft^rences analogues k celles qui existent entre les versions de Price et 
d' Anderson." Hist, de la Litt^rature Hindoui, &c., tome i. p. 586. 

* See infra, No. CXIX. At the commencement of this preface, and also of 
the Pand N&mah, spaces are left for rubrics in the present MS. 



(117) 

memoirs themselves are somewhat fuller in detail.^ There is also 
some additional matter at the end of the memoirs^ occupying, how- 
ever, only three pages and a half, which is wanting in the copy used 
hy Major Price. 

The title which I have prefixed to the present MS. appears 
in the middle space of an illuminated 'Unwan at the head of the 
work, and is also written by a native hand, on the back of the first 
leaf. No particular title to the memoirs is given, either by Gladwin 
or Price, nor is there one in the MSS. described under the two next 
following numbers. Anderson heads his extracts as from the 

^jJ^\^ C)%^' The MS. of the East India House, No. 546, 
presents a rubric in the first line, entitling the volume 'aLs^ 
^Jm-xCI^ ^jjy * ^^^^ ^^ ^^® backs of the first leaves in Nos 
164 and 181, the work is named d^\j p^\^. The British 
Museum MS. has written on the back of the first leaf, i^'j 

^jjSj\^* The MS. presented by General Briggs offers in a 
similar place the same title, more correctly written, as vl3jy 
i^J>ij\^- I may add that in the Khuldsat at-Tawdrikh, and 
in the second edition of the Madsir al-Umard the memoirs are 
quoted as the i^\j -xiljUs^, Jahangir Ndmah, written by the 
Emperor himself; and that in the Pddshdh Ndmah of 'Abd al-Hamid 
Ldhuri,* they are referred to in the following words : <t«U y^U>- 

t^^.^^ L^^ yA^ X ,U<! Lj^^^ ^ > *^^® latter title would seem to 

refer to the second edition. The author of the Critical Essay calls 
the memoirs Jahdngir Namah.' 

Foil. 195. Fourteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik, 
in A.H. 1040«(a.d. 1630). 

Size 9 in. by 5^ in. (J. Homer, Esq.) 



^ The MS. of the British Museum (Addit. No. 6,554), coincides very nearly 
with the present one, but it is imperfect at the end. The last leaf contains the 
commencement of the Pand N^mah, which occurs at fol. 1 27 in the present MS. 

* Described supreLy No. LIII. ' See suprhy p. 114, note 3. 

4 Described infrhy No. CXXIII. 

^ Critical Essay, p. 39. 

^ The last leaf, on which this date occurs, has been partially injured, though 
the date itself is unharmed. A subsequent possessor of the volume, who has sup- 
plied some lacunae in the MSS., has recopied this last leaf for fear of accident, and 
the original and the copy are bound up together. 



(118) 
CXVIII. 

jAHiNGiR NXmah. — Memoirs of the Emperor Jahangir, written 
by himself. 

This Yolame contains the first edition of the memoirs and the 
Pand Ndmah, but omits the letters, &c., comprised in the last-men- 
tioned MS., and is somewhat less full in the detail. It is from this 
MS. that Major Price made bis translation. 

Foil. 35. Twenty-fiye and twenty-nine lines in a page. Ill 
written in Nasta'lik. 

Size 16f in. by 9^ in. (Major D. Price.) 

CXIX. 

JahanoIr NAmah. — Another copy of the first edition of Jahangir's 
memoirs. 

The text of this MS. agrees very closely with that of the one last- 
described, although the preface is different. It contains the memoirs 
and the Pand Namah, but not the letters. Prefixed to the preface of 
the Pand Ndmah is the following rubric, omitted in the two preceding 

MSS. 45. jJ^ jl^l ^ J^ ,y^ ; from which it would appear that we 
are indebted to I'timdd ad-Daulah, the Emperor's chief Wazir, and 
father of the famous Ntir Jahdn, for the preservation of the moral 
portion of Jahdngir's work. At the end of this preface, at the com- 
mencement of the Pand Ndmah, there is also the following rubric : 

Foil. 164. Thirteen and seventeen lines in a page. Negligently 
written in Nasta'lik. 

Size 1 1 in. by 6| in. (Gordon of Buthlaw.) 

♦ 

cxx. 

TtJZAK-i JAHANofRf. — The second edition of the autobiography of 

^ The Pand N^mah is headed in a similar manner in the MS. of the British 
Museum, with the addition of the words irJy^J 2(L2»jb s_p» jO* jJ 



(119) 

Jab^ngir, edited with an introduction and continuation, by Muhammad 
Hadi. 

I have not been able to find any account of Muhammad Hddi^ but 
it is clear that he is merely the editor of the memoirs, for in the pre- 
face and other places, he distinctly states tbat Jahangir himself wrote 
the history of eighteen years of his reign, and that he, Muhammad 
Hddi, continued it, from various trustworthy sources, to the time 
of the Emperor's death. He also mentions that, as Jahdngir com- 
menced the memoirs from the date of his accession to the throne, he 
has prefixed an introduction, giving the history of that monarch from 
his birth to his accession. 

Contents : 

I. — Editor's preface and Introduction, comprising an account 
of the descent of Jahdngir from Tlmur, of his birth, of his 
youth, of his wives, and children ; and a summary of events, 
from the time of his birth to his accession to the throne. The 
preface and introduction occupy twenty leaves and one page. 

II. — The autobiographical memoirs of Jahangir, from his 
accession to the commencement of the nineteenth year of his 
reign. The memoirs in the present copy occupy no less than 
412 leaves ; and the events of each year are distinguished by 
rubrics, which greatly facilitate reference. Jahangir appears to 
have written part of the history of the nineteenth year of his 
reign, the contents of seven pages relating to that year being 
in the first person. The autobiography then ends abruptly, and 
it is stated in a rubric that the Emperor s work concludes in that 
place, and that the subsequent matter has been added by 
Muhammad Hddi, in order to complete the book.* 

III. — The continuation of the memoirs, by the editor, Muham- 
mad Hddi, beginning with the early part of the nineteenth year 
of Jahdngir's reign, and ending with his death, in a.h. 1037 
(a.d. 1 627), and the accession of Shah Jahdn. To this is added 
an account of Jahangir s Wazirs, and of the lineage and family 

WW 

1 The rubric is as follows: (^i^^Jo- (JDj^a^^ uji> Ja UJZjJb' \^\ \j 

u:^.^ idyi ^^^j^ J<!^M 'iJs!^ *^J^ ^^^ ^^^♦^^ J^ f\j 



(120) 

of rtimdd ad-DauIah. This continnation fills fifty-five leaves and 
ODe page. 

I hare already given my reasons for calling the edition hy 
Mnhammad Hadl the second, and have poinded ont the difierence 
existing between the two, a difference which I think is perhaps to be 
explained, as I have before stated, on the hypothesis that the memoirs 
were originally written in the Chaghta'i Turk! language. In illus- 
tration of the variance between the two versions, and of the copious- 
ness of Muhammad H^dt's edition, when compared with the first, I 
may add that the substance of what occupies forty-seven pages in 
Major Price's translation fills forty pages in the present MS., and that 
the translation comprises only 141 pages in all, whilst the autobio- 
graphy extends over no less than 824 pages in General Briggs' MS. 

I have entitled the present volume ^^-yij\^ ^)^ T62ak-i 

Jahdngirj, in order to distinguish it from the first edition of the 
memoirs, and because it is so called by the scribe at the end of the 
memoirs, immediately before the account of the Wazirs.^ 

Foil. 488. Fifteen lines in a page. Plainly written in Nas- 
talik, in a.h. 1231 (a.d. 1815). 

Size 114 in. by 7^ in. (General Briggs.) 

CXXI. 

IkbAlnamah-i JAHANGfnl. — A history of the reign of the Emperor 
Jahdngir, from his accession in a.h. 1014 (a.d. 1605) to his death in 
AH. 1037 (a.d. 1627), by the Nawdb Mu'tamad Khan Muhammad 
Sharif. 

Mu'tamad Khdn sprang from an obscure family in Persia, but 
proceeding to Hindustan, attained high honours in the service of 
Jahdngir, and was promoted to the dignity of a commander of five 
hundred horse, on the occasion of the emperor taking refuge from the 
fury of a stonn, in a tent pitched by the Khdn, during the journey of 

^ Since writing the above I have become possessed of a complete copy of 
Hubammad Hlidi*s edition of JahlUigfr's Memoirs. It contains the preface and 
continuation, and coincides entirely with the MS. presented to the Society by 
General Briggs. In the ruhric, at the beginning of the continuation (see ntprhy 
p. 119, note 1), the author names himself Muhammad Zamto H^di At the end 
the scribe calls the work the Tuzak-i Jah&ngfrf, and states that he transcribed it 
in A.H. 1232 (a.d. 181G). The volume comprises 452 leaves, the character is a 
legible Nasta^lfk, and the size 21 in. by 7 in. 



(121) 

the court to Kashmir. He was subsequently advanced to the rank of 
commander of two thousand, and died in a.h. 1049 (a.d. 1639)/ 

This work is not held in much estimation in the £ast, principally 
on account of its style ; but besides this it abounds with errors and 
omissions, and is in every way inferior to the autobiographical memoirs 
of Jahdngir. 

Foil. 211. Twelve and fifteen lines in a page. Written in Nas- 
ta'lik and Shikastah Amiz, in a.h. 114.5 (a.d. 1732). The first leaf 
of this MS. is missing, and the work, though apparently complete, 
wants some little at the end, the contents of about three leaves being 
absent. This deficient portion, however, as I have ascertained from 
other MSS. of the work, merely gives a very concise enumeration of 
the children of Jahangir, of his Wazirs, and of certain learned men, 
poets, &c., who flourished during his reign. 

Size 9^ in. by 5 J in. (Major D. Price.) 



(c) Skdh Jdhdn. 
CXXII. 

<ul3 Atj\j 

PXdshah Namah. — A history of the first ten years of Shah Jahan's 
reign, by Muhammad Amlu Ben Ab(i al-Hasan Kazwini,^ who com- 
pleted his work, and dedicated it to Shah Jahan, in the twentieth 
year of that emperor s reign. 

Muhammad Amin was the first to receive orders to write a history 
of the reign of Shdh Jahdn ; and in his preface he entitles his work 

^ Ma^r al-Umar&. Gladwin's History of Hindustan. Gladwin states that 
Mu*tamad Khto, in ah. 1031 (a.d. 1621), was implicated in a treasonable corres- 
pondence, carried on by Mahram Khto, Klialil Bdk, and Fidiyf Khin, with the 
Prince Khurram (afterwards Sh^ Jahto), who was then in rebellion against his 
father Jahangir, and that he was dismissed from the emperor's service, and 
banished to Thathah. The treason alluded to by Gladwin is mentioned in the 
Ikb£ln£mah-i Jah&ngfri, and the fate of the traitors is specified^ the two former 
having been condemned to death, and Fid&yi Khiu having managed to exculpate 
himself; but the author does not advert to his own participation in the plot, nor is 
the fact spoken of in the Ma^sir al-Umar^. It is quite clear, however, that 
Mu'tamad Khibi was a strong adherent of Shdh Jahto. 

^ The author of the Critical Essay calls him Amln^'i Kazwfni (p. 42) ; S» 
Muhammad Tihir, in the Shdh Jahto Nimah (described infrS^o. CXXV.) ^^ 
speaks of him as Muhammad Amin Munshi, commonly known as Aniinii Munshi, ^^^ V^ ^ 
and Muhammad Sdlih,inthe 'Amal-i Silih, (fi^^ra, No. CXXVI.) gives a short p^'^f^^ 
notice of him under Uie title of MirsUi Amin^. ^^ 



Cfr^ 



(122) 

the Pddshdh Ndmah. It is not, however, usually known by that name, 
which is now exclasively confined to the history of the same emperor, 
by *Abd al-Hamid and his continnators ; ^ it differs in style only from 
the first Yolnme of the last named work, and comprises the same matter. 
The author in his preface says that he has divided his work into 
an Introduction, containing an account of the emperor^s life from his 

birth to his accession ; a Discourse (a;! lit*) comprising the history of 

the first ten years of his reign ; and an Appendix, containing notices 
of holy and learned men, physicians, and poets. He also mentions 
his intention of writing a second Tolume, bringing down the history 
to the twentieth year of Shdh Jahdn's reign, but I am not aware that 
he ever performed his promise. 

Foil. 408. Twenty lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik, 
but somewhat illegibly, on account of the misplacement and omission 
of the diacritical points, in a.h. 1173 (a.d. 1759). In the colophon 
the scribe erroneously calls the work the Shah Jahan Ndmah, by 
•Abd al-Hamid Ndgdri. 

Size 12| in. by 8} in. (General Briggs.) 

CXXIII. 

<ul3 ii\JtiAj 

V 

PAdshAh NAmah. — A history of the reign of the Emperor Shdh 

^ Jahdn, from his accession in a.h. 1037 (a.d. 1627) to the close of the 

*f^yr thirtieth year of his reign, in three volumes. The first and second 

"^ volumes were composed by 'Abd al-Hamid Lah6ri ; the third is a 

compilation by Muhammad Wdris.* 

Muhammad Salih, the author of the 'Amal-i Salih (described injrd, 
No. CXXVI) says that 'Abd al-Hamid was celebrated for the beauty 
of his style, and that he died in a.h. 1065 (a.d, 1654) ; he also men- 
tions Muhammad Waris as the continuator of the Pddshah Ndmah, 
and in terms of the highest praise. Muhammad Wdris was living 
when Muhammad Sdlih wrote, in a.h. 1070-76 (a.d. 1659-65). 

The present MS. comprises the first volume, and contains : — 

Author's Pre&ce, in which he dedicates his work to Shah 
Jahdn. A description of the emperor's horoscope. A concise 
account of his ancestors, commencing with Timdr ; and a detailed 
history of the first ten years of his reign. The volume concludes 
with an enumeration of the princes of the blood royal ; of the 

Described infrity No. CXXIII. Critical Easajr, p. 40. 



£^ « /\r ^ 






«-•■» 



( 123 ) 

nobles of the courts arranged according to their respective ranker, 
from those commanding 9,000 to those of 500 horse; and an 
account of Shaikhs, learned men, physicians, and poets, who 
flonrished daring the period embraced by the history. 

Foil. 509. Fifteen lines in a page. Beautifully written in Nas- 
ta'lik, and finely illuminated. This MS., although not so magnificent 
in ornament as many volumes that I have seen, is a most excellent 
specimen of the Oriental art of caligraphy. 

Size 13 in. by 8^ in. (A. Welland, Esq.) 

CXXIV. 

V 

PajdbhAh NXmah. — Another copy of the first volume of the 
history of Shdh Jahdn, by 'Abd al-Hamid Ldhuri. 

Foil. 503. Fifteen lines in a page. Plainly written in Nasta'lik^ 
in A.H. 1231 (a.d. 1815). 

Size 11 J in. by 7^ in. (General Briggs.) 

cxxv. 

ShAh JahAn NXmah. — A history of the reign of the Emperor 
Shdh Jahdn, by Muhammad T^hir, poetically named Ashna, and 
commonly called 'Indyat Khdn, Ben Zafar Khan Ben Khdjah Abd 
al-Haaan. 

'Indyat Khdn's father, Zafeur Khdn, was Wazir of Jahangii*, and at 
one time, during the reign of Shah Jahdn, was ruler over Kdbul, and 
Subahdar of Kashmir. He was celebrated as a poet, as a patron of 
letters, and as a just and moderate ruler. 'Indyat Khdn inherited his 
father s talent and good qualities, and it is said even surpassed him in 
ability. He was witty and of agreeable manners, and was one of the 
intimate friends of Shdh Jahdn. Latterly he retired from office and 
settled in Kashmir, where he died, in a.h. 1077 (a.d. 1666). In addi- 
tion to the history of Shdh Jahdn's reign, Ashna was author of a Diwdn 
and three Masnavis.^ 

This work is little more than an abridgment of the Padshdh Ndmah 
of 'Abd al-Hamid Lahtiri and Muhammad Wdris, as acknowledged 

^ These particulars of 'In^yat Khan's life have been kindly oommunicated to 
me by Mr. Bhuid, from his " History of Persian Poetry," a work which, when 
complete, will supply a great desideratum in the history of the Oriental literatora. 



(124) 

by the author in his preface^ in which he entitles it the ^jAsir^ 
Mulakhkhas. It contains the history of Shdh Jahdn's reign, to 
A.H. 1068 (a.d. 1657-8), in which year Aurangzlb was proclaimed 
emperor. At the end is added an account of the revenues of Hin- 
ddstdn, and an enumeration of the princes, nobles, &c., arranged 
according to their 'respective ranks. 'Indyat Khdn has avoided the 
flowery style of 'Abd al-Hamid Ldhiirl, who was a worthy disciple of 
the school of Ab(i al-Fazl, and the work is consequently more con- 
genial to European taste. 

The present MS. is imperfect at the end, but comprises the first 
twenty years of the reign. 

FolL 87. Twenty-nine lines in a page. Negligently written in 
Shikastah Amiz. 

Size 16 in. by 10 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

CXXVI. 

'Ahal-i SAlih. — A history of the Emperor Shah Jahdn, from his 
birth to his death, in a.h. 1076 (a.d. 1665), by Muhammad Sdlih 
Kanbu. 

I have not been able to find any notice of the life of Muhammad 
Sdlih ; but amongst the biographies at the end of the work the author 
mentions in the class of caligraphists Mir Muhammad Sdlih, son of 
Mir *Abd Allah Mushkin Kalam ; no particulars^are given beyond a 
statement of his talents as a scribe, and that his poetical name in 
Persian was Kashfi ; and in Hindi, Subhdn. In the concluding list of 
princes, <&c., a Mir Sdlih is also set down as a commander of five 
hundred. These are probably identical with the author. 

The present MS. comprises the latter portion of Muhammad Salih*s 
work, commencing with the eleventh year of Sh&h Jahdn's reign, and 
continuing the history to his death. At the end the author has 
added biographical notices of Sayyids, holy and learned men, physi- 
cians, poets, and Amirs, who were contemporary with Shdh Jahdn, 
together with a list of princes, nobles, and commanders, arranged 
according to their respective ranks. 

The 'Amal-i Sdlib, though not so comprehensive as the Pddshdh 
Ndmah of 'Abd al-Hamid and Muhammad Waris, has s<fme repu- 
tation in the East,^ and is certainly a valuable history. The original 

1 Critical Eaaay, p. 41. 



(125) 

work is not divided into two pHrts, but the transcriber of the present 
MS., who is also the copyist of the Pddshah Ndmah of Muhammad 
Amin, described above,^ has evidently extracted its contents, as 
forming a continuation or second volume to that history. 

Foil. 306. Twenty lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik, 
uniformly with No. CXXII, 

Size 12| in. by 8| in. (General Briggs.) 



(f) Aurangzib. 
CXXVII. 

'Alamgir NXmah. — A history of the Emperor Aurangzib 
'Alamgir, from a.h. 1067 (a.d. 1 656), when Shdh Jahdn was attacked 
by a sudden illness, and his sons began the contest for power, 
which ended in the deposition of Shdh Jahdn, and the accession of 
Aurangzib, in a.h. 1068 (a.d. 1657), to the eleventh year of that 
emperor's reign, when a general peace was established throughout 
the Mongol empire. 

The 'Alamgir Ndmah was composed by Muhammad Kdzim Ben 
Muhammad Amin Munshi,' in the thirty-second year of Aurangzib's 
reign, and was dedicated by him to the emperor. When the author 
presented his work to Aurangzib that monarch forbade its continuation, 
and prohibited all other historians from recording the events of his 
life.» 



I Suprh, No. CXXII. 3 See mprd, p. 121, note 2. 

3 MouDtstusrt Elphinstone says, with regard to Aurangzib's extraordinary 
aversion from literature^ which seems to have proceeded from his excessively 
bigoted notions on religious sabjects, that he discountenanced poets, who used to 
be honoured and pensioned, and abolished the office and salary of royal poet. He 
states, also, on the authority of Khifi Kh^n, that the emperor prohibited the com- 
position and recitation of poetry, but that this extreme austerity must have been 
of very short duration, for his own letters are filled with poetical quotations, and 
sometimes with extemporary verses made by himself. Mr. Elphinstone adds 
that '' his prohibition of history was more permanent ; he not only discontinued 
the regular annals of the empire, which had before been kept by a royal historio- 
grapher, but so effectually put a stop to all record of his transactions, that from 
the eleventh year of his reign, the course of events can only be traced through the 
means of letters on business, and of notes taken clandestinely by private indivi- 
duals** (Hist, of India, vol. ii., p. 456. 2d edit.). The second volume of the Tazkirat 
as-SaUtin, and the latter portion of the T^rfkh-i Kh&fi Kh^n, however, supply 



(126) 

Foil. 4d2» Fifteen and twenty-two lines in a page. Irregularly 
written, partly in Nasta*lik« and partly in Shikaetah Aniiz and Shi- 
kastah, in a.h. 1150 (a.d. 1737). 

Size 8^ in. by 5 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

CXXVIII. 

'AlamgIr Namah. — Another copy of the preceding work. 

Foil. 508. Sixteen lines in a page. Well writtten in Nasta'lik^ 
in A.H. 1152 (a.d. 1739). 

Size 94 in. by 5\ in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

CXXIX. 

'Alahg^r NXmah. — Another copy of Muhammad Kdzim*8 work. 

Foil. 425. — Seventeen and nineteen lines in a pa^e. Well written 
in Shikastah, in a.h. 1157 (a.d. 1744). 

Size lOf in. by 6^ in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 

cxxx. 

'ALAMofR NAmah. — Another copy of Muhammad Kdzim's history 
of Aurangzib. 

Foil. 410. Twenty and twenty-four lines in a page. Well written 
in Shikastah, in a.h. 1157 (a.d. 1744). 

Size lOi in. by 6 in. (Gordon of Buthlaw.) 

CXXXI. 

'ALAMofR Namah. — ^Another copy of the preceding work. 

the history of the last forty years of Auranga^^s reign (see supra, Nos. XCVII., 

XCVIII., XCIX.), nor is the Matoir-i *Alamgiri, though concise, and of no 
great reputation in the East, to he despised as an authority (described «»i/ra. 
No. CXXXII). Sir Henry Elliot, in the advertisement prefixed to his Biblio- 
graphical Index, enumerates the titles c^ no less than fifteen works, treating of 

Aurangzib*6 reign (Bibl. Index, vol. i. Advert, p. 6). 



(127) 

Foil. 490. Seventeen and twenty-four lines in a page. Plainly 
written in NastaUik, in a.u. 1225 (a.d. 1810). 
Size 12f in. by 6 J^ in. (General Briggs.) 

CXXXII. 

Ma1sir-i 'ALAMGfRi — A history of tlie Emperor Aarangzib 
Alamgir, from a.h. 1067 (a.d. 1656) to his death, in the fifty-firnt 
year of his reign. i.e,, a.h. 1118 (a.d. 1706-7), by Muhammad Sdki 
Musta'idd Khdn, who was secretary to 'Indyat Allah Khdn, Wazir of 
Bahddur Shdh, and completed his work in a.h. 1 123 (a.d. 1711). The 
date of completion is expressed by the title, taken as a chronogram 
according to the Abjad. 

Contents : 

I. — An abridged account of the first ten years of Aurangzib's 
reign, epitomised from the 'Alamgir Ndmah of Muhammad 
Kazim. 

II. — The history of the remainder of the reign, from the 
eleventh year to the death of Aurangzib. 

III. — Account of Aurang2^b's disposition and excellent qua- 
lities, and of his children. 

The author of the Critical Essay speaks in disparaging terms of 
Muhammad Sdki's work, and says that it is not held in high estima- 
tion among those learned men who know how to appreciate historical 
compositions.^ It is, however, valuable as an authority for the events 
of a period respecting which we have but scanty information. 

Foil. 274. Fifteen lines in a page. Plainly written in Nasta'llk, 
in A.H. 1230 (a.d. 1814.) 

Size 1 1^ in. by 7 in. (General Briggs.) 

CXXXIII. 

AehbArXt-i DarbAr-i Ma'alL — Akhbars, or papers relating to 
the transactions of the court of the Emperor Aurangzib, for the fol- 
years of his reign : 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 24^ 
36, 37, 38, 39, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49. Together with Akhbdrs 

1 Grit. Essay, p. 44. 



( 128 ) 

of the court of Priuco Mnhamma<l A*zani Shah, son of Aarangzib, and 
Nazim of the Subah of Bengal, from the forty-sixth to the forty-ninth 
year of his father's reign. 

A large parcel written in Shikastah on separate slips of paper, 
and inclosed in a Solander case. 

Size 8 in. by 4\ in. 

(gj Skdk ^Alam, 

CXXXIV. 

A letter from the Mongol Emperor Shdh 'Alam to the King of 
England, expressing his attachment to the English nation, and request- 
ing the assistance of ^yq or six thousand men, in order to replace him 
on the throne of Hinddstdn. 

Foil. 3. Fourteen and fifteen lines in a page. Written in Shi- 
kastah. 

Size ^\ in. by 5 in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

IV.— PERSIA. 
1. General Histories of Persia, 

cxxxv. 

TArIkh-i PAdsuAhXn-i *Ajah.— An epitome of the history of 
Persia, from Kayiimars, to the reign of Shdh Safl, ending ^ith 
A.u. 1046 (a.d. 1636), in two books. The author's nam^ is not 
mentioned. 

Contents : 

Book I. — Divided into four chapters. 1. The Pishdddiaus. 
2. The Kaianians. 3. The Ashk&nians. 4. The Sasanians to 
Yazdajird, the last Sasdnian king. 

Book II. — Divided into five chapters. 1. The Khalifahs of the 
Bani Umayyah, from Mu'awiyah to Marwan II. 2. The con- 
temporaries of the 'Abbdsides, viz. : The Suffdrides, from Lais 
Sufiar to Tdhir Ben Muhammad. The Sdmanides, from their 
origin to 'Abd al-Malik Ben N6h. The Ghaznavides, from Sabuk- 
tagin to the death of Khusrii Shah Ben Bahram Shdh, in a. h 5.55 
(a.d. 1160). The Ghiirides, from 'Aid ad-Din Hasan to Mahm(id 
Ben Ghiyds ad-Din Muhammad. The Buwaihides, from their 



( 129 ) 

their origin to tbe imprisonment of Abii Mans(ir, in a.h. 448 
(a.d. 1 056). The Saljiiks : 1st branch, the Saljfiks of Persia, from 
Tughril Ben Mikail to Tughril Ben Arslan : 2ud branch, the Sal- 
juks of Kirm^n, from Kddard Be^ to Malik Dinar. The Khdriz- 
mians, from the time of Nashtakin to the death of J.alal ad-Din 
Mankbarni. The Atdbaks of 'Fars, from Sankar to Aish Khatun. 
The Assassins, from Hasan Sabah to their extirpation by Hiilakd 
Khda. The Kard Khitdiaps ia Kirman, from Burdk H^jib to Katb 
ad-Din Jahdn Shdh. 3. The Khalifahs of the Bani 'Abbas, 
from Abu al-' Abbas as-Saffah to the death of al-Musta'sim 
Billah. 4. The Mongols, from their origin ; Changiz Khdn ; 
Uktai Kadn ; Kuyuk Khdn ; and Mangu Kddn. Hulaku Khan 
and his successors, to Sulaiman Khan. ]V(alik Ashraf Chubdni. 

The Ilkdnians, from Sultdn Uwais Ben Amir Shaikh Hasan to the 
death of Sultdn Husain Ben Uwais. Timiir and his descendants, 
to the death of Sultan Husain Mirza Abu al-Ghdzi Bahadur. 
The Ak KuyunM, from Amir Hasan Beg Ben 'Ali Beg to Alwand 
Mirza. 5. The Safawiyah Kings of Persia, from the time of 
Sh^h Isma'il, to a.h. 1046 (a.d. 1636). 

Poll. 115. Eleven lines in a page. Plainly written in Nasta'lik. 
Size 6 J in. by 4 J in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

CXXXVI. 

RiyAz al-Firdaus. — A general history of Persia, but more espe- 
cially of Fars, Kuh Kilawaih, and Khtizistdn, from the earliest times 
to the reign of Shdh Sulaiman, son of Shah 'Abbds 11.; by Muhammad 
Mirak Ben Mas'ud al-Husaini, who completed his work in a.h. 1082 
(a.d. 1671), and dedicated it to Shams ad-Daulah Muhammad Zam^n 
Khdn, ruler of Fdrs, Kuh Kilawaih, and Khuzistdn. 

This history comprises an Introduction, twelve Books, and an 
Appendix, their contents being as follows : — 

Author's preface, and a geographical introduction. 

Book I. — The Pishdadians. The Kaianians. Alexander the 
Great and the Greek philosophers. The Muliik at-Tawdi'f. The 
Sdsdnides. The Khalifahs of the Bani Umayyah, and Bani 
'Abbas^ to the death of al-Musta'sim Billah. 

Book II. — The Buwaihides, from 'Imad ad-Daulah Ben 'Ali 
Buwaih to Majd ad-Daulah Ben Fakhr ad-Daulah, who was 
imprisoned by Mahmud Ghaznawi. The Dilamites of GMn and 

K 



( 130 ) 

Jorjdn, from their origin to the time of Min^chihr Ben Kabiis, 
the last of the race. The Suffarides^ from Ya'kub Lais to 'Amra 
Lais, who died in prison. ^ 

Book III. — The Salj^ks of Persia, from their origin to the 
death of Tughril Ben Arslaiij the last of the dynasty. The mlers 
of Fdrs, appointed by the Saljuks, who intervened between the 
Bnwaihides and the Salghariyah Atdbaks, from Fazlawaih to the 
death of the At^bi^ Btizdbah, and the establishment of the power 
of Sankar Ben Mandiid Salghari. The Ghaznarides. 

Book IV. — The Kings of Kharizm, from their origin to the 
disappearance of Jaldl ad-Din Mankbami. The Gh<irides, from 
their origin to the death of Mahmiid Ben Ghiy^ ad-Dln 
Mnhammad Sdm. The Samanides. 

Book v.— dhangiz Khdn and his descendants ; tJktdi Kddn ; 
Kayuk Khdn ; Mangd Kddn ; and Htildk6 Khdn ; with some 
account of the Kurts and Assassins. 

Book VI. — The Atabaks of Luristan, from their origin to the 
death of Afrasiyab the younger.* Account of the Amir 
Ankiyanu, ruler of Fars, and of Sayyid Fakhr ad-Din and 
Kutluk Arghdn. Account of the Amir Abu al-Hdris Arslan 
at-Turk Basdsari. The Tahirides. 

Book VII. — The Salghariyah Atdbaks of Fdrs, from their 
origin to the deisith of Aish Khatdn, in a.h. 685 (a.d. 1286).' 
The Atabaks of Azarbdijan, from their origin to the death of 
the Atdbak Muzaffar ad-Din Uzbak, who was the last of the 
dynasty. Account of the revolt of Sayyid Sharaf ad-Din in 
Fdrs, in A.H. 663 (a.d. 1264). 

Book VIII. — The Mu^affarides, from Gbiyds ad-Din, the 
founder of the dynasty, to the death of Shdh Shuja', in A.n. 786 

(a.d. 1384). The Ilkdnians, from Shaikh Hasan Buzurg to 
A.H.786 (a.d.I 384). The Chtibanians, from Shaikh Hasan Kuchak 
to the death of Malik Ashraf. 

Book IX. — Timtir and his descendants, to the death of Sultdn 
Abti Sa'id, in a.h. 873 (a.d. 1468). The Sarbaddrians, from their 
origin to the death of Khajaj;! 'Ali Muayyad, the last of the 
dynasty. The Kardkhitdians of Kirmdn. 

Book X.— The Kard K6yunl(i. The Ak Ktiyunld, from 

^ The author entitles him Jamdl ad-Dfn, and states that he was the last of the 
Atabaks of Lur. The prince alluded to is probably Muzaffar ad-Din ASrAaiyih, 
son <tf Eukn ad-Dfn Ylisuf Sh^h II. And see suprd, p. 29, note 1. 

^ The Bau^at as-Saf£ and other authorities agree in phtcing her death in the 
following jear. 



(131) 

tbeir origin to the death of Marwan Bkg Bea Hasaa Beg.^ The 
Musha'sha'in' Sayyids, rulers of Khtizistan and K(ih Kilawaifa, 
from Sayyid Muhammad Ben Faldh to the time of Saltan 
Fayy^z. Afrasiydb Chaldwi and his descendants, to the time of 
Mir Husain Kiya Ben Mir 'All, the last of the race, ^ho was 
conquered by Isma'il Safawi, in a.h. 909 (a.d. 1503).'. 

Book XI. — The Safawis, from their origin to the accession of 
Shdh *Abbds the Great. Account of Shdh Kalandar Muzawwar, 
an impostor who raised the standard of rebellion in Kuh Kila- 
waih, soon after the death of Shdh Isma'il II., son of Shdh 
Tahmdsp, and personated the deceased monarch ; and of events 
which happened subsequently to his death down to a.h. 1005 
(a.d. 1596). The rebellion of Mulla Hiddyat Arandi, in Kdh 
Kilawaih, followed by an account of the conquest of Bahrain and 
Laristan by Shah 'Abbas, and of the Beglarbegs in Fdrs, Kliii 
Kllawaih, and Kh^zistdn, to a.h. 1064 (a.d. 1653). 

Book XII. — Account of Shams ad-Daulab Muhammad Zamdn 
Khan, Beglarb6g of Kdh Kilawaih, in a.h. 1065 (a.d. 1654). 
Account of Sayyid 'Ali Khdn, and of Husain Pasha, together 
with a relation of occurrences down to the time of the author. 

Appendix. — Containing short notices of holy and learned men 
and poets. 

The Riyas al- Firdaus is very important for the history and geo- 
graphy of those provinces to which it has especial reference ; and the 
last two books are replete with information respecting the history of 
Persia during the reigns of the earlier monarchs of the Safawi dynasty, 
and the wars between the Persians and the Turks. Some portions of 
the work are, however, almost valueless ; for instance, the accounts of 
the Khali&.hs, the Ghaznavides, the Samdnides, the Changiz Khanians, 
the Kurts, the Assassins, the Tdhirides, the Kara Khitdians, and the 
Kard Kiiyunlu ; these dynasties are in some cases merely mentioned. 



1 There is some confusion as to the later princes of the Ak Kuyunlrl, I have not 
found this Marwan Bdg mentioned by other authors. It is, perhaps, a mistake for 
Mur&d, who was son of Ya*k<ib Bdg, and grandson of Hasan B^g. A fuller account 
of these later princes to the time of Alwand Mlrzi, and Murid B^, the last of 
the dynasty, is given by the author at the commencement of Book XL 

. ^ The Majilis -al-Mdminin, by K(ir Allah ash-Shdstari, contains many details 
of the history of this dynasty, and indeed of all the princes who were either 
descendants of *Ali, or professed the Shfah doctrine. 

^ The author only gives a short account of some of the descendants of Afr£- 
siy^b Chaldwf, viz., Kiy^ Husain Zamtod^r, Fakhr ad-Din Kiy& Gusht^sp, 
Iskandar Shaikh! Ben Afr^iy&b, and M(r Husain Kiyi, who was a grandfou uf 
Luhar^sp Ben Afr&siy&b* ^ 

k2 



(132) 

wtilst in others lists of names only are given, or the notices are as 
concise as to be of no utility. This brevity, however, only affects 
those dynasties which took no actual part in the history of the pro- 
vinces treated of by the author. 

Foil. 194. Seventeen lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Shikastah Amiz hand, in a.h. 1243 (a.d. 1827). 
Size 1] J in. by 8^ in. (J. Romer, Esq.) 

2. Early Kings, 
CXXXVII. 



r^' 



KiTAB AL-Mu'jAM* pf AsAr MuLtJK AL-'AjAM. — A history of 
the early kings of Persia, from Kayumars to the death of Nushirwdn. 

The present work is generally attributed to Fazl Allah Ben 'Abd 
Allah al-Kazwini. This Fazl Allah lived in the time of the Atdbak 
Nusrat ad-Din Ahmad, ruler of Luristdn, who reigned for thirty-eight 
years,' and died in a.h. 733 (a.d. 1332) ; and he is supposed to be the 
father of the celebrated Wassaf, in which case it would seem that he 
died in a.h. 698 (a.d. 1298).* By some writers the work is said to have 
been composed by Abu al-Fazl 'Abd Allah Ben Abi an-Nasr Ahmad 
Ben Mikdi'l. In the preface the author names himself merely Fazl 
Allah, and dedicates his work to the Atabak above mentioned, so that 
the opinion that he was Wassdfs father is probably correct : this is, 
moreover, favoured by the Mu jam being written in an obscure and 
inflated style, very much resembling that of the Tdrikh-i Wassdf. I 
may add that he is referred to in the Tarikh-i Jahan Ard' as MuUdnd 
Fazl Allah Shirazi. Some former possessor of the present MS. erro- 
neously ascribes the work to Wassaf himself, in a note on the back of 
the first leaf. 

The Mu'jam was translated into Turkish by Kamdl Zard al-Bar- 
ghamawi,* by order of Mahmud Pdshd, Waeir of Sultdn Muhammad 
Khan III. This translation is entitled Turjumdn al-Baldghat. 



1 Fluegel translates the title : '' Lexicon alphabetice dispositum de menu- 
mentis Regum Persarum*' (H^j. Ehalf. tome v. p. 629), but the work is 
arranged in a chronological and not an alphabetical order. 

2 H^j. Khalf. tome v. p. 629. 

« Described infrd, Nos. CLIV., CLV. 

^ D'Herbelot calls the translator Ouard al Bargamouiii. 



(133) 

Foil. 152. Sixteen lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik, in 
A.H. 1090 (a.d. 1679). There are numerous marginal scholia in 
Arabic and Persian. 

Size lOj in by 6^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

3. Salj{Lks, 

CXXXVIII. 

A history of the Salj6ks of Persia, from the rise of the family to 
the reign of Rukn ad-Din Abu Talib Tughril Ben Arslan, the last 
monarch of this dynasty, who came to the throne in a.h. 571 
(a.d. 1175). The author's name is not mentioned, but the work is 
dedicated in the preface to the Sultdn Rukn ad-Din Ab6 Talib 
Tughril Ben Arslan, and is therefore valuable as the production of a 
writer in the sixth century of the Hijrab. 

Foil. 12. Thirty-five lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
Imperfect at the end, Jbut apparently only one leaf missing. 

Size 12| in. by 9^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

4. Safawls. 
CXXXIX. 

*Alam Arai 'AbbasL — A history of the Safawi dynasty of 
Persia, by Iskandar Munshi,^ giving an account of the origin of the 
Safawi family and of their rule in Persia, to the death of Shdh 'Abbas 
the Great, in a.h. 1037 (a.d. 1627). This work is divided into a 
preface, an introduction, and two volumes, the latter of which 
is subdivided into two parts. The preface, the introduction, the 
first volume, and the first part of the second volume, were com- 
posed in A.H. 1025 (a.d. 1616), bringing the account of events down 
to that date. The second part of the second volume was added after- 
wards, as a' sort of appendix, continuing the history to the death of 
Shah 'Abbds.» 

Iskandar Munshi subsequently wrote a continuation of his work, 

^ Stewart erroneonsly calls the author Sekander Humnesheeny. His descrip- 

lion of the 'Alam Ari is otherwise unsatisfactory (Catalogue of the library of 
Tippoo Sultan, p. 10). Erdmann states that the author's name is Iskandar 
Mirz^ Munshi (Jouro. Asiat., tome viii. p. 61). 

^ The author of the Faw^'id-i Safawiyah informs us that Iskandar B^g, as he 

styles him, was employed during fifteen years in the composition of the *Alam Ari. 



< 134 ) 

coroprisinp^ the history of Shdh Saf!, from a.h. 1038 (a.d. 1628) to 
A.H. 1052 (a.d. 1642), and the aocessioa of Shdh 'Abb^ II. This 

continnatioQ was entitled by its author the KmW X^ Jb^- Khulasat 
as-Siyar,* 

The present MS. contains : — 

Anther's preface. 

Introduction, giving an account of the origin of the Safawis, 
traced through 'Ali Ben Abi Tdlib to 'Adndn, with a detailed 
history of the ancestors of Sh^ Isma'il as-Safl, the first of the 
Safawi kings, from Amir Firdz Sh&h Zarin Kalah to Shah 
Isma'il ; principally derived from the Safwat as-Safd, by Darwish 
. Tawakkul Ben Isma'il, commonly called Ibn Niz^r, who com- 
posed his work in the time of Sultdn Sayyid Sadr ad-Din Musa 
Ben SaH ad-Din Ishdk al-Ardabili, the fifth ancestor of Shah 
Isma'il as-Safi.' The history of the reign of Shdh Isma'il, and of 
his son Shdh Tahmdsp, until the death of *the latter, in a.h. 984 
(a.d. 1576), together with an epitome of eyents to a.h. 1011 
(a.d. 1602). 

Volume I. — ^An account of the birth and childhood of Shdh 
'Abb^ the Great, and of the eyents which occurred during 
his youth. Biographies of the Amirs, learned men, Wazirs, 
ministers, mnnshis, physicians, caligraphists, painters, poets, 
musicians, and storytellers, who flourished in the reigns of Shdh 
Tahmasp and his successors. An account of the eyents which 
took place after the death of Sh^h Tahmasp. The reign of 
Shah Isma'il II., son of Shdh Tahmdsp, to his death in a.h. 985 
(a.d. 1577). The reign of Muhammad Khuddbandah, son of 
Shah Tahmasp, to the accession of his successor. Shah 'Abb^, 
in A.H. 996 (a.d. 1587).' 

> See CSatalogae des MSS. Orientanx de la Bib£othdqne Imp^riale de St. PeteiB- 
bourn;, p. 291. 

' Hi). Khalf. torn. iv. p. 105. Fluegel calls the writer of the Safwi^t as-Saf&, 
'^ Tewekkul Ben Ismail al-Bezz&r." In the Catalogue of the Imperial library at 

St. Peteraburgh he is named as follows : " Tevekkouly J^^J* ^^ Ismiul ben 

Hadji Ardebily \jjjji\ jj-W- sumommtf Ibn Bezzaz jljj ^\ on fils 

du marchand d'^toffes'* (No. CCC. p. 288). The year of his death is nncertain. 

s The anther of the Zubd at-Tirikh states that the proclamation of Shih »Abb&3 
took place in A.H. 994 (a.d. 1585) ; but Iskandar Munshi, at the commencement 

of vol ii. of his work, gires iiie chronograms ^\ ^ and ^^l^ j«^U> (jw^AC 

which fix thie date of his aooession'as above. 



' (135) 

Volume II. — Part 1. The history of Shdb 'AbbAa, from hig 
accession. This first part of Volume II. is imperfect in the 
present MS., ending in the midst of the seventh year of Shdh 
'Abb^* reign. 

Foil. 279. Nineteen lines in a page. Well written in Shi- 
kastah Amiz. The first volume ends at fol. 22 4 v. 

Size 11 in. by 6^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

CXL, 

'Alam ArAi 'AbbAsI. — The entire second volume, containing : — 

Part I. — History of the reign of Sh&h *Abbds, from his accet 
sion to the end of a.h. 1025 (a.d. 1616). 

Part II.— 'History of events, from the beginning of a.h. 1026 
(a.d. 1617) to the death of ghdh 'Abbas, in a.h. 1037 
(a.d. 1627), and the accession of his grandson and successor, 
Shdh Sa£[. Description of the qualities and endowments of Shih 
'Abbds. Notices of nobles and celebrated men, Wazirs, ministers 
of finance, &c., who served under Shdh 'Abbas. 

M. Erdmann has published a description of the second volume of 
the 'Alam Arai 'Abbasi, together with the text and translation of a 
short extract from it relating to the reception of a Russian ambas- 
sador at the Court of Shdh ' Abbds.^ Silvestre de Sacy has also given 
a concise notice of the same volume in the Journal Asiatique.^ 

Poll. 287. Twenty-eight lines in a page. Well written in Nas- 
taTik, in a.h. 1059 (a.d. 1649). 

Size 15^ in. by 9 in. (Major D. Price.) 

CXLI. 

*Alam ArAi 'Abba/si. — The second volume. 



1 De Manoficripto Persico Iskenderi Menesii. Casan, 1822. 

^ Tome T. p. 86 et seq. M. de Sacy says that the second volume begins with 
A.H. 1005 (a.d. 1596), the tenth year of Sh&h 'Abbas' reign, but I have never 
seen a copy (though I have had access to several) in which this volume com- 
mences otherwise than as stated in the text. 



(136) 

Parts I and II.-* The second part is imperfect at the end ; one 
leaf, however, alone being wanting. 

Foil. 674. Seventeen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 
Size 10^ in. by 6 in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

CXLII. 

'Alam ArAi 'AbbXsI — The first portion of the first part of the 
second volume, comprising the history from the accession of Shih 
'Abbas to the end of a.h. 1015 (a.d. 1606). The last page bears a 
colophon, written by the same hand as the rest of the MS., fraudu- 
lently stating that the work ends at this point. 

Foil. 422. Seventeen lines in a page. Well written in Nastalik^ 
in A.H. 1082 (a.d. 1671). Imperfect at the end. 

Size 12 in. by 7j- in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

CXLIII. 

m ^ 

'Alam ArAi 'Abbas!. — The latter portion of the first part of the 
second volume, from the beginning of a.h. 1016 (a.d. 1607) to 
A.H. 1025 (a.d. 1616) j and the second part of the same volume, com- 
pleting the work. 

Foil. 429. Seventeen lines in a page. Plainly written in Nasta'lik, 
in A.H. 1091 (a.d. 1680). 

Size 13 in. by 8^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

CXLIV. 

'Alam ArAi 'AbbasI. — A portion of Iskandar Munshi's work, 
comprising nearly the whole of the first volume. 

Foil. 1 53. Twenty-three lines in a page. Well written in Naa- 
ta^k. Imperfect at the beginning and the end, and in several other 
places. 

Size lOi in. by 6 in.* (Major D. Price.) 



(137 ) 

CXLV. 

Fawau)-i SAFAwfYAH. — A history of the Safawi family of Persia, 
from their origin to A.B. 1216 (a.d. 1801), by Abd al-Hasan Ben 
Ibrahim Kazwini, who dedicated his work to Snlt^n Abii al-Fath 
Mnhammad Mirzd Bahddar Khin as-Safawi al-M6sawi al-Husaini.^ /f\ l^^ ^. . 

This history contains a good account of the Safawi dynasty, and hL.-*^ ^ > 
of the adventures of the unfortunate descendants of Shih IsmaMl after / ' ^ « 
they were driven from the throne of Persia. In addition to the his- . 
tory of the Safawis, traced down to his own time, the author has \ ^- * ' 
affixed separate accounts of the English in India, and of their justice 
and generosity ; of the Afghan usurpation in Persia ; of the Kacha* 
latiy^n ; of the Afshdrs ; of Nidir Shdh and his descendants j of the 

1 Muhammad Mirz^ was the great grandson of Sh^h Hosjun Ben SulaimiUi, 
who abdic(it|p^,the throne in faypTaTof Mah miicf, the A fghto usurper, in a.h. 1135 
(a.d. 1 722), and who was the last sovereign of Se ffaTawT1lffiil5>*'^'^ Wlfi3'm3e- 
pendently. Ta hmfep II ., son of Shih Husain, struok coin in his own name, and 
struggled ineffectually for a few years to reestablish the monarchy. He was nomi- 
nally restored by NlUlir ShUh, who deposed and imprisoned him in a.h. 1145 

(a.d. 1732), and was nominally succeeded by his infant son (^ii\^ j\fii ^Jii^) 

'Abbte III., who died, or was murdered, or imprisoned, in a.h. 1148 (a.d. 1735), 
when N&dir Sh^h assumed the sovereignty of Persia. Husain Mirz£, who is stated to 
have been bom in prison six months before the assassination of his father Tahm^p II., 
in A.H. 1151 (a.d. 1738), but as to whose parentage there seems some doubt, was set 
up as king of Persia, under the name of Husain II. , by *Ali Mardlia £h&n and 
some other nobles about the time when ^arim S!hto Zand began the founda- 
tion of his power ; he reigned nomiuaUy for seven months, when he was deposed 
and blinded. Husain II. had two sonsj Tahmdsp Mirz&, and Muhanmiad Mirzi. 
Tahm&sp M£rz& died of small-pox in his childhood. Muhammad Mirz£ was the 
last of the Safawfyah to whom the title of king was given. In a.h. 1200 (a.d. 1785) 
Muhammad Khin, son of Muhammad Husain B^g Astar^biidi, sent to him at 
Tabs, begging him to proceed to Tihrin, and assert his authority. Some rtipis were 
even struck in his name as King, bearing the following inscription :— on the obverse 

Jc43r* j^UaLj j4 jjlj <L1 .*. Jl^^ i-jUaSl j^ ^ *^j Jji 
in the margin, the names of the Panj Tan, t.0., Muhammad, F^timah, 'All, Hasan, 

and Husain ; and on the reverse ^2^ iJdaLJl .1 J c->^ Muhammad 
Mirz^, however, declined the invitation, believing it to be a snare, and stated 
that his desire was to remain in obscurity, and that he had given up all preten- 
sions to the sovereign power. It was in this very year, a.h. 1200 (a.d. 1785), 
that Aghi Muhammad Kh&n made Tihrto the seat of his empire, and struck 
money with the legend ^ ^\^ .-. Lai JJ ^l^ J^' ^ ^ 



(138) 

AbcULli Afghans ; of the Zand djnastj ; and of the Kkj&ra to the 
time of Fath 'All Shdh. 

Abii al-Hasan in his preface, as well as in other pkoes, and at 
the conclusion of the work, mentions that the date of its composition 

is expressed by the chronogram -^jt? *'^'* a.h. 1211 (a.d. 1796) ; 

but in another passage he distinctly states that he completed it in 
A.H. 1215 (a.d. 1600), when Mnhammad Mirzd was twentynsix y0ai8 
of age; and he elsewhere records events which occurred in the 
following year. 

Foil. 153. Fifteen lines in a page. Written in Nasta'lik. 

Size 9 in. by df in. (Sir J. Malcoli]i). 

5. Nddir Shdh. 
CXLVI. , 

TARfKH-x NAdirI — A history of NMir Shah, by Mirsd Muham- 
mad Mahdl Khan Astar&badi, who completed his work in a.h. 1171^ 
(a.d. 1757), and dedicated it to Muhammad Hasan Khdn, the chief 
of the Kajdrs. 

It appears that Mirzd Mahdi Kh^n was private secretary to Nddir 
Shdh,^ but I have not been able to learn any particulars of his life. 

The author commences his work with a summary of the events 
whish preceded the elevation of Nddir Shdh to the throne of Persia^ 
&om the time of Mir Wais, t.e., a.h. 1121 (a»d. 1709) ; he then gives 
a detailed history of Nddir>e reign to his death, in a.h. 1160 
,(a.d. 1747), and concludes with an account'of the rQigns of 'Ali Shah 
iand Ibrihto ;S.h$h, and the blinding of Shah Bi^. 

The Tdrlkh4 Nddiri was translated into French by Sir William 
Jones, in the year 1770, by order of Christian VII., King of Denmark.' 
It was also lithographed at Tihrdn. 

1 The author of the Fawiid-i Safawfyah states jtbat Muhammad Mahdi n^ 
employed during fifteen years in writing the T^rfkh-i Nidirf. 

3 See £ir Harford Jones Brydges. The Dynasty of the Kajars. Ptelimi- 
nary matter^ p. clxzxi, note. 

3 Histoire de Nadeir Chah, <connu sous le nom de Thahmas K^ Khan, 
£B9|>ereur de. Perse. Tr^duite d*un Mannscrit persan, par Mr. Jones. 2 tomes, 4to. 
Londres, 1770. There was a second edition published in 1790, and it as 
reprinted in the fifth volume of his works. Sir William also published an English 
towiriatiim. 8vo. London, 177^* A German yersion of this translation, by 
M. Gadebmeh, appeared at Gveifswalde in the same year. 



(139) 

Foil. 245. Eighteen lines in a page* Well written in Naskh^ 
and embellished with painting^. 

Sise llf in. by 7 in. (Sir A. Malet, Bart.) 

CXLVII. 

> 

TlnfKH-i NXdirL — Another copy of Mirzd Muhammad Mahdi's 
history of Nddir Shdh. 

Foil. 189. Serenteeu lines in a page. Well written in Nastalik^ 
inA.H. 1225 (a.d. 1810). 

Size 1 1 in. by 7^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

CXLVIII. 

KhulXsah-i BayAn-i Amadan-i NXdir ShXh PAdshXh Bah 
ShAhjahAnAbId. — A short account of Nadir Shdh's expedition into 
Hindfj^tdn, in the reign of the Mongol emperor Muhammad Shah. 
The author s name is not mentioned. 

Foil. 13. Thirteen lines in a page. Well written in Shikastah 
Amiz. 

6. Kdjdrs. \ i y 

CXLIX. 

Ahsan at-TawIrIkh. — A history of the Kajdr family^ from its 
origin to the assassination of Agfa a Muhammad Khan, the first monarch 
of the Kdjar dynasty, in a.h. 1211 (a.d. 1796); by Samad Ben Mu- 
hammad Taki .Sarawi.^ 

This work trtuses the rise of the family from the time of Fath 'Ali 
Ehdn, who was the great-grandfather of Fath 'All Shdh, and lived in 
Uie reign of Sh&h Hnsain SafawS \ and gives an account of the events 
which took place in Persia, down to the murder and burial of Aghd 
Muhammad Khan. The greater part of the history is devoted to the 
reign of Agha Muhammad Shdn, the previous events being succinctly 

1 In dM Ri8lUah-i Tad^ir-i BhA wt Wwir (aMrifae4 u^^ No. C^VL), 
he 18 called Mulli Mohammad Siiawi MiaandarinL 



(140) 

related. The Ahsan at>Tawdrikh is also called the Tdrlkh-i Maham* 
madi. 

Foil. 259. Twelve lines in a page. Well written in a large 
Nastalik hand^ in a.h. 1235 (a.d. 1819). 

Size 13^ in. by 8 in. (Colonel Monteith.) 

CL. 

Ahsan AT-TAwXiifKH.— Another copy of the preceding work. 
Foil. 171. Sixteen lines in a page. Written in Nastalik. 
Size 11| in. by 8 in. (Colonel Monteith.) 

CLI. 

MaXsir-i SuLTANfYAH. — A history of the dynasty of the Kdjdrs, 
from their origin to a.h. 1229 (a.d. 1813), by 'Abd ar-Razzdk Najaf 
Kuli. 

The present MS. comprises the first portion of the work, giving an 
account of the origin and rise of the Kdjar family, and continuing the 
history to the time of the arrival of Stephanoff, the Russian general's 
envoy, at the Prince Viceroy's court. 

The Madsir-i Sultdniyah was published in the original at Tabriz, in 
A.H. 1241 (a.d. 1825),^ and a translation into English, by Sir Harford 
Jones Brydges, appeared at London, in 1833.^ This translation does 
not, however, comprise the whole history, ending with the events of 
A.H. 1226 (a.d. 1811). 

Foil. 104. Seventeen lines in a page. Plainly written in Nas- 
ta'lik. 

Size 12 in. by 8 in. (Colonel Monteith.) 

CLII. 

MaAsir-i SultAnIyah. — The remainder of the history of the 
Kdjars by 'Abd ar-Razzdk. 

^ aJoUaLj J^^ C->U^ 4to. Tabriz, 1241. 

* The Dynasty of the Kajars, translated from the original Persian MS. pre- 
sented by His Majesty Faty Aly Shah, to Sir Harford Jones Brydges, Bart* 
8vo. London, 1833. 



(141) 

Poll. 104. Seventeen lines in a page. Written in Nastalik, nniforni 
with the MS. last described. Sir Harford Jones Brydges' translation 
stops at fol. 64 of the present MS., ending with a.h. 1226 (a.d. 181 1). 
There is a lacuna in this volume, between fol. 67 and 68 ; this is, 
however, supplied by that next following. 

Size 12 in. by. 8 in. (Colonel Monteith.) 

CLIII. 

MaAsir-i SultanIvah. — The portion of the preceding history 
mentioned as wanting in the MS. last described. 

Foil. 12. Sixteen lines in a page. Written in Shikastah Amiz. 
Size ] 1^ in. by 8 in. (Colonel Monteith.) 

CLIV. 

TARfKH-i Jahan Ara. — A history of the Kajars, from the origin 
of the family to the end of a.h. 1233 (a.d. 1817) when the author 
wrote ; by Muhammad Sadik Marwazl. In two volumes. 

The present MS. comprises the first volume, and contains : — 

Author's Preface. The descent of the Turks, from Japhet. 
The genealogy of the Kajars, traced from Kajdr Khdn. The rise 
and progress of the family. The reign of Agha Muhammad 
Khdn. The first ten years of the reign of Fath 'All Shah, i.e,, 
from A.H. 1212 to 1221, inclusive (a.d. 1797-1806). A descrip- 
tion of the good qualities and disposition of Fath 'AH Shdh, of his 
arms, jewels, throne, &c. Account of Wazirs, Amirs, courtiers, 
and poets, and of public buildings, gardens, palaces^ &c. 

The history of Fath 'AH Shah's reign occupies the greater part of 
this volume, commencing at fol. 44. 

Foil. 165. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik, in 
A.H. 1233 (a.d. 1817). 

Size 11 1 in. by 7i in. (Colonel Monteith.) 

CLV. 

TARfKH-i Jahan Ara. — The second volume of Muhammad 
Sadik's history of the Kdjars, containing : — 



(142) 

The history of the N^gn of Fath 'Ali Sh^, from the eleventh 
year from his accession, viz., a.h. 1222 (a.d. 1807) to the end of 
A.H. 1233 (a.d. 1817). 

Foil. 224. Fifteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta^lik, 
unifpnA with the last-mentioned MS., in a.h. 1234 (a.d. 1818). 
Size 1 If in. by 7 in. (Colonel Monteith.) 

CLVI. 

RisXlah-i Tadabir-i ShAh wa WazIr. — A short account of 
Aghd Mnhammad Khdn, and of his Wazir, H^jji Ibrihim Khdn 
Shirdzl, in two parts : — 

Part I. — Anecdotes and notices of Aghd Mnhammad Khdn to 
the time of his murder, in a.h. 1211 (a.d. 1796). 

Part II. — Anecdotes and notices of the life and actions of 
Hdjjl Ibrdhlm Khdn Shirazi, to the time of his disgrace and death 
in A.H. 1217 (a.d. 1802). 

Foil. 137. Nine and eleven lines in a page. Written in Nasta'Iik. 
Size 7^ in. by 5| in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

v.— TURKEY. 
CLVII 

TXRfKH-i Hasht Bahisht. — A history of eight sovereigns of the 
Ottoman dynasty, from 'Usmdn Beg Ghdzl, the founder of the dynasty, 
to Sultdn Bdyizid Khan IL, son of Muhammad II.; by Mania Idris 
Ben Husdm ad-Dln al-BndUsi, who died in a.h. 930 (a.d. 1 523). 

Mania Idris was the first writer of Ottoman history, and his 
work enjoys a well-deserved reputation. It is divided into eight 
books, each of which is devoted to the reign of a separate emperor, 
and comprises many interesting particulars relating to other countries 
and dynasties besides Turkey and the Ottomans. The Hasht Bahisht 
was continued by Abii al-Fazl Muhammad ad-Daftari, son of Mania 
Idris, who died in a.h. 987 (a.d. 1579). This continuation is written in 
the Turkish language, and brings the history down to the end of the 
reign of Salim II., i,e,, a.h. 982 (a.d. 1574).^ 

> Hlj. Khalf. torn. ii. p. 110. Hammer .Purgstall/Geflch. d. Osman. Reichs, 
▼oL ix. p. 188. 



I 



(143) 

The present MS. contains the sixth and seventh books. 

Book VI. — History of the reign of Sultan Murdd II., the 
sixth Ottoman emperor, from his accession in a.h. 825 (a.d. 1421) 
to his death in a.h. 855 (a.d. 1451). 

Book VII. — History of the reign of Muhammad II., surnamed 
The Victorious, son of Murdd II., from his accession in a.h. 855 
(a.d. 1451), to his death in a.h. 885 (a.d. 1480). 

Foil. 260. Twenty-one lines in a page. Well written in a small 
Nasta'lik character. 

Size 10| in. by 6f in. (Sir J. Malcolm.) 

CLVIII. 

A concise account of the conquest of Constantinople by Muhammad 
II., and of the early history and foundation of that city, its public 
buildings, &c., translated from the Turkish, by Muhammad Mahdi 
ash-Shirwdni al-Ansiri, in a.h. 1210 (a.d. 1795). 

The translator does not mention the title of the original work 
from which he made the present version, but he describes it merely as 
a short history, which he met with at Stirat, in a.h. 1209 (a.d. 1794). 

Foil. 31. Fourteen lines in a page. ^Plainly written in Nastalik, 
in A.H. 1210 (a.d. 1795). , 

Size 9f in. by 5f in. (Major D. Price). 

VI.— KURDS. 

CLIX. 

<ul3 



Sharaf Namah.^ — A history of the various dynasties and rulers 
of Kurdish extraction, by Sharaf ad-Din Ben Shams ad-Din ; com- 
prising an Introduction, four Books, and an Appendix. 

Sharaf ad-Din was bom at Karhariid,' a dependency of Kum, in 

1 Hdj. Khalf. tome ii. p. 134. 

^ M. Wolkow reads the word *^%yS Keremrond (Jonni. Asiai, tome TiiL 
p. 291), but in both the Turkish translations of the Sharaf N&mah described 
below (p. 145, note 3) it appears as in the text J*Jbi^. Siidik Is&hini gives 

the same orthography, adding the Towel pointis J« Jb^ ftnd states that it is 

'^a city of 'IriUc 'Ajam, called alter the Arabian manner Earahh ^ j^" (S&d. 
Isf. p. 41). In a MS. of Hamd Allah Kazwini*s Nuzhat al-Kuldb, in my 
posKssion, the reading is J^Jbp 



( 144 ) 

'Irak; in a.h. 949 (a.d. 1542), and was the son of the Amir Shams 
ad-Din, ruler of Budlis.^ The latter becoming dispossessed of his 
government, received the title of Khiin from Shdh Tahmisp, and 
Sharaf ad-Bin was educated with the Shdh's own sons. At the early 
age of twelve years he was appointed, under tutelage, governor of 
Saliy^n* and Mahmudabdd, dependencies of Shirwan ; that honour 
being granted to him by the Shdh at the unanimous request of the 
Ruzaki* tribe. In the course of the succeeding years he was nomi- 
nated to several important posts, and distinguished himself greatly in 
the suppression of a rebellion in Gilan, where he remained for seven 
3'ears. The air of that province being unhealthy, he obtained leave 
to return to Kazwin, and applied for permission to stay at the Shah's 
court. In this, however, he was opposed by a party of his enemies, 
who had acquired influence over the mind of the aged Tahmdsp ; and 
seeing no safety in remaining, he petitioned to be sent away on ser- 
vice. He was accordingly dispatched into Shirwan, but he had only 
been there eight months when the intelligence arrived of Shah Tah- 
mdsp's death, of the murder of Sultan Haidar Mirz^, and of the pro- 
clamation of Sh^h Isma'il II., at Kazwin. He was now recalled from 
Shirwdn, and appointed Amir al-Umara, but the envy of his enemies 
became once more excited by the high favour in which he was held 
by the new Shah, and it was reported that he was implicated in a 
conspiracy to raise Sultan Husain Mirza to the sovereignty. Por 
some time Shah Isma'il hesitated to believe in Sharaf ad-Din's guilt, 
but at length his opponents prevailed, and he was sent in an official 
capacity to Nakhjawan. He had resided in Azarbaijan one year and 
four months, when, in a.h. 986 (a.d, 1578), the Turks invaded Persia^ 

^ This word is usually written Badlfs, or Bedlis, but it is carefully pointed 
Budlis in the present MS., which, having been presented to Sir John Malcolm by 
the Will of Ardal^n, may be considered as a great authority in fixing the ortho- 
graphy of the name. In the MS. marked B. mentioned below (p. 146, note 1), 
and in the Mu'jam al-Buld£n, it is, however, given as Badlls, which mode of spelling 
is also adopted by the author of the Mar^d al-Ittil£*. Lexicon Geographicum, 
edidit Juynboll, tom. i. 

2 M. Wolkow calls this places Alkay Salian . .L)JL> ,^1^1 but the word 

^^\ merely means "the country," or " region of," and is not a part of the proper 

name: it should be read Ulkdi. In the present MS. the name is written .LxSL^ 
as also in the Zubd at-T^rikh {suprtLy No. XLIII). In the Turkish translation 
marked B. (ir^r&, p. 146, note 1), it is ...bJL^ 

' In both the Turkish translations (see p. 145 ittfrct, note 3) this namelsiimtten 



J. 



VV 



( 145 ) 

and he hastened to n^ake common cause with the invaders^ joining 
Khusru Pashd with four hundred followers. The Turks received 
Sharaf ad-Din with great honour, the Ottoman emperor conferred 
upon him the title of Sharaf Kh^n, and he was appointed ruler of his 
hereditary possession of Budlis, a position which he held in a.h. 1005 
(a.d. 1596), the time when he composed his work. 

The Sharaf N^mah is a work of great rarity. Three copies, how- 
ever, exist at St. Petersburg ; one in the Imperial library (No. 306 
in the new Catalogue), and two in the Asiatic Museum of the Aca- 
demy, numbered respectively 576 and a 576. The copy in the 
Imperial Library would be invaluable for clearing up the numerous 
difficulties inseparable from a work containing such a multitude of 
proper names, inasmuch as it was written in a.h. 1007 (a.d. 1598), 
only two years after the completion of the work, and was revised and 
corrected by the author himself. The editors of the Catalogue of the 
Imperial Library do not give a detailed table of the contents of the 
Sharaf Namah, but M. Wolkow has described one of the MSS. of the 
Asiatic Museum^ at considerable length, in the Journal Asiatique.^ 

There are two separate Turkish translations of the Sharaf Ndmah 
in the library of the British Museum.* My friend, Mr. Charles 
Rieu, who pointed them out to my notice, has kindly furnished me 
with the subjoined description of these MSS.' They are useful in 

1 Tome viii. p. 291 etseq, * Addit. MSS., Nos. 7, 860 and 18,647. 

3 <<My Dbar Morlet, ^^Britiih Museum^ Jan. 12, 1854. 

'* The British Museum poeaesses two copies, or rather 
two different versions, of the Sheref N^me, in Turkish: No. Add. 7,860, and 
Add. 18,547. 

'' The first of these MSS. contains a version in extenso, in which the flowery 
style of the Persian work, and the numerous yersea with which it is interspersed, are 

faithfully preserved, the latter heing left in the original language. It begins thus : 

'^ No translator's name appears, nor is there any mention made of the work 
being a translation at all. 

" It is a folio of 332 leaves, and seventeen lines in a page, rather negligently 
written in Neskhi, apparently in the latter part of the eighteenth century. 

''The second MS. (Add. 18,647, 4to., 132 leaves; seventeen lines in a page; 
written in a small and well formed Neskhi, about the same period as Add. 7986O) 
presents an abridged version of the same work. 

'' llie translator Shem'i jtAJ^ states, in a short preface, the circumstance 

which led to its composition. He was once present in an assembly at the court of 
the Kurdish Emir Mustafa Beg, governor of Ekil Aj^\ when the discourse 

happened to fall on the rule and government of the Emir*B illustrious ancestors. 

L 



(146) 

determining the ortliographj of the proper names^ and though I have 
adhered to the spelling of our own MS., giving the original of every 
uncommon or uncertain name, T have thought it advisahle to insert 
in the notes the various readings contained in the Turkish MSS., and 
that described by M. Wolkow.' 

The contents of the present MS. are as follows : — 

Author's Preface. — Giving an account of the work. 

Introduction. — On the origin of the Kurds, and their manneiB 
and customs. 

Book I. — History of the Sultdns of Kurdish origin ; divided 
into fiv€ chapters. 1. The rulers of Jazirah and Diyarbakr, 
from Nasir ad-Daulah Ahmad Ben Marwan to the death of 
Mansur Ben Nasr, in ah. 489 (a.d. 1095). 2. The Hasanawaih 
rulers of Dinawar and Shahrz<jl, afterwards called Shahrzdr^ 
from Hasanawaih Ben Husain to the time of Abd al-Mansur 
Ben Sarkhab. 3. The Fazlawaih At^baks of Lur Buzurg, from 
their origin to the death of Shdh Husain Ben Abii Sa'id, in 
A.H. 827 (a.d. 1423).' 4. At5count of Lur Kdchak and the 
tribes and rulers of that province, to a.h. 1005 (a.d. 1596), 
when the author wrote. 5. The Ayydbites of Syria and Egypt, 
from their origin to the death of Malik Mughfs ad-Din 'Amr6 
Ben Malik 'Adil, the last of the race, in a.h. 662 (a.d. 1263). 

Book II. — History of certain great rulers of the Kurds, who, 
though they never actually attained independent sovereignty, 
yet, at different times, caused the Khutbah to be read, and 
money to be coined, in their names ; divided into five chapters. 
1. The Ardalan rulers,^ from their origin to the time of the 

The Sheref N^me was referred to and consulted, but, from its being written 
in the Persian language, it was but imperfectly understood. In order to make it 
more easily accessible, the Emir directed Shem*i to translate it into Turkish. 

'* This version, being divested of the superfluous ornaments and poetical quo- 
tations of the original, is considerably shorter. Moreover, the concluding chapter, 
which treats of the Osmanli Sultans, althongh mentioned in the table of contents 
included in the preface, is omitted in the body of the work. 

^ I remain, my dear Morley, 

** Very sincerely, yours, 

"Ch. Rieu.'' 

^ I have distinguished the MSS. of the British Museum, Addit. No. 7860 and 
Addit. Na 18,547, and that described by M. Wolkow, by the letters A, B, and W, 
respectively. 

^ See suprd, p. 29^ note 1. 

^ There is sometimes a difficulty in ascertaining whether the Hakims, or 
Rulers, and Amfrs, are named from their tribe or family, or from the territory which 
they governed. In practice, however, the territory itself seems to be often 



(147) 

author. [To this chapter^ in the present MS., is added a supple- 
ment sent by the Wall oi Ardsflin to Sir John Malcolm, as we 
find from a note prefixed to it in Sir John's handwriting. 
This supplement continues the history of the ArdaUn rulers, 
from the time of Haiti Khan Ben Snltin 'All, who governed in 
A.H. 1005 (a.d. 1596), when Sharaf ad-Din wrote, to a.h. 1225 
(a.d. 1810), at which period Amdn Allah Kh^n was Wdli of 
Ardaldn. The author's name is Muhammad Ibrdhlm, son of 
MuM Muhammad Husain Ardaldni.] 2. The Hakari^ rulers, 
known as the Shanbti.' 3. The rulers of 'Imddiyah, called the 
Bahddinan.' 4. The Bakhti^ rulers of Jazlrah. Sec. 1. The 
Azizan.' Sec. 2. The Amirs of Kurkil.« Sec. 3. The Amirs of 
Finak.'' 5. The rulers of Hisnkifa,^ known by the name of 
Malikdn.' 

Book III. — History of the remaining rulers and Amirs of 
Kurdist^ ; divided into three parts. Part I. Divided into nine 
chapters. 1. The rulers of Chamskazk.^® Sec. 1. The Amirs 

denoted by the name of its occupants, and the author constantly speaks of the 

Wil^yat-i ArdaUn, or Hakiri, &c. In the introduction he mentions that in some 
instances the Hakims and Amirs are distinguished by the names of their tribes, 
and in others by those of the cities or fortresses which they possessed. He gives 

as examples of the former, the H&lums of Hakin, Sahr^n, Bib^n, and Ardal^n, 
and of the latter the H&kims of Hisnkif^ and Budlis. 

Jl. j^ljrJ. ^ c:jj^jU *Uj V, i^U^U J (.li-w-l djjjj CL^ 

<uJi^ <U*aS L^o-U? ^ j^U^U-j (^^^ (i)W^ ul/^ J *^J^ 
lijiLLa^ j^U- ^y>- dj\ <Uu^ <u]i^ <U^ /♦Uj (^y^y *^^ ^^^ 

It will be remarked that Ardal^n is usually considered as the name of a district, 
but not only we have this authority of Sharaf ad'Diu for its being the name of 
the tribe or family, and not of the country, but he also expressly states in another 
place that the tribe was so called after B&bd ArdaUn, its founder. 

, ^^ cJj^Cuu.^ pr cJjCiU^ 

l2 



(148) 

of Majankurd.* Sec. 2. The rulei*8 of Partak.' Sec. 3. The 
Amirs of Sakmdn.' 2. The Marddsi* rulers. Sec. 1. The 
Baldukdni' rulers of AkaL or AkiL* Sec. 2. The rulers of 
Pdlu,' to A.H. 1001 {a.d. 1592). Sec. 3. The Amirs of Jarmuk.^ 
3. The rulers of S^stJii.' 4. The rulers of Khizdn.^ Sec. 1. The 
Amirs of Khizan. Sec. 2. The Amirs of Mikas.^^ Sec. 3. 
The Amirs of Aspayard." 5. The rulers of Kalis." 6. The 
Amirs of Shirwdn. Sec. 1. The Amirs of Kafrd." Sec. 2. The 
Kami" Amirs. Sec. 3. The Amirs of Irawan." 7. The Azraki, 
or Zarki" Amirs. Sec. 1. The Darzini, Darzani, or D6rzini" 
(perhaps Warzani, or Warzini) Amirs. Sec. 2. The Kurdkdn" 
Amirs. Sec. 3. The Amirs of 'Atdk.^ Sec. 4. The Amirs of 
Tarhil.« 8. The Sawidi** Amirs. 9. The Sulaimani Amirs. 
Sec, 1. The Amirs of Kalb^ and Batman.** Sec. 2. The Amirs 
of Miyafarikin. Part- XL, divided into ten chapters. 1 . The 
Sahran2« rulers. 2. The Babdn** rulers. 3. The Makri^ 
rulers- 4. The Barddfist^s rulers. Sec. 1. The Sumdi^^ Amirs, 



JjLsjs^, A. jJJ^y B. j^iisr* 

j^Uiu»5 A. (fe B. ^\as^ ^^j^\jj^y W. ^^j^\^ 

JjburtU A. jjbutfU B. jjU^U W. jjbu»l 

IS «y 14 I .>» 15 . > 16 I 



10 



12 



"uir«-' W. J^j^ ^ ^bb, A. ^U.Ub 



(149) 

Sec. 2. The Amirs of Tarkur, ' and Kal'ah DAwud. 5. The 
Mahmiidi Amirs. 6. The Danhali^ or Danyali^ Amirs. 
[Chapters 7, 8, and 9, are mentioned in the preface as containing 
respectively the history of the Amirs of Zarzd,' Astufi,* and 
Tasni/ bnt in the present MS. they are omitted in the body of 
the work®]. 10. The Amirs and rulers of Kalhur."' Sec. 1. 
The Amirs of Pulankdn.^ Sec. 2. The Darasbk' Amirs. 
Sec. 3. The Mdhi Dasht ^« Amirs, and the Kalbdghi " Amirs.^^ 
Part III. Account of the Kurdish Amirs of Irdn, krvown as the 
Kuran;*^ divided into four chapters. 1. The Siyah Mansur** 
Amirs. 2. The Chakni" Amirs. 3. The Zankanah^' Amirs. 
4. The Pazuki " Amirs. 

Book IV. — History of the rulers of Budlis, ancestors of the 
author ; divided into a preface, four chapters, and a supplement. 
Preface, containing an account of the city and fortress of Budlis. 
1. Account of the tribe of Z(izaki, or R6zaki." 2. The origin 

j^J • In the table of contents the Baridtist Amirs are divided into two 

branches; the former called Ushani (^jwji or, as A. reads the word, (^/L&jj > 
and the latter Stim£i ; but in the body of the work, both in the present MS. and 
A., they are described as in the text; in B. there is no division at all. 

. <r •• M « . 

(^•JU*>l5 •^» ® B. (^j1m» (^_5^-M»lr9 A. ^^^^^Mi]J 

' They aie also included in the tables of contents of both A. and B., and they 
are mentioned by M. Wolkow. In the body of the work, however, in both A. and 
B., they are omitted, as in the present MS. 

to 

at-Tirikhy described suproy No. XL I II., this name is distinctly written and 
pointed ^JS* 

^ jj*^' ^' J^. ' (JX^j^^ a. & B. cliujj 

c:^w)J , Jbt«, B. ci^^j , ^^Ut J^\j^ 



>2 After the account of the M^ Dasht Amirs, A. and B., in the tables of 
contents, conclude chapter 10, omitting the Kaiblighi Amirs, and give two more 

chapters, viz., chap. 1 1, containing an account of the Btoah (jj b ) Amirs, and 
chap. 12, the Tarz£ (^jP ) Amirs. The same arrangement is followed in the 
body of the work in both A. and B. ; chap. 12, however, being omitted* 

W t • 14., 15 V !• k*/« 

" Jvk " JjV ^' JjV^ ^' ^ ^' JJv 



( 150 ) 

and descent of the rulers of Badlis.^ 3. Of tbe greatness and 
honour of the rulers of Budlis. Sec. I. Account of Malik Ashraf.^ 
Sec. 2. Of Hajjji Sharaf Ben Ziyd ad-Din, Sec. 3. Of Amir 
Shams ad-Din Ben Hdjjl Sharaf. Sec. 4. Of Amir Ibrdhim Ben 
Amir Shams ad-Din. 4. Causes of the rulership of Budlis 
departing from the hands of these Amirs. Sec. 1. The dissen- 
sions between Amir Sharaf and Amir Ibrdhim. Sec. 2. The 
establishment of Amir Sharaf as ruler of Budlis, in the place of 
Amir Ibrdhim. Sec. 3. The capture of the fortress of Budlis 
by Amir Sharaf^ from the Kizilbashis. Sec. 4. Account of Amir 
Shams ad-Din, son of Amir Sharaf, and father of the author. 
Supplement, containing the author's life, from his birth to the 
time when he wrote, i,e,, a.h. 1005 (a.d. 1596). 

Appendix. — History of the Ottoman emperors, and inciden- 
tally, of the kings of Iran and Turdn, who were contemporary 
with them, from the origin of the dynasty, to a.h. 1005 
(a.d. 1596). This appendix is dedicated to Abti al-Muzaffar 
Sultdn Muhammad Khan III., the thirteenth of the Ottoman 
emperors, who came to the throne in a.h. 1003 (a.d. 1594). 

The history of every dynasty or race mentioned in the above table 
of contents, is traced by the author, where not otherwise specified, 
from its origin to his own time. The work is of the greatest importance 
for the elucidation of the history of countries and tribes of which we 
at present know but little, and concerning which we cannot, so far as 
I know, gain any sound information from other sources. The author, 
moreover, is an excellent authority for a large amount of the events 
recorded in his work, seeing that he himself took an active part in them. 
The fourth Book and the Appendix are especially valuable, the 
former giving the history of the rulers of Budlis, with the most 
circumstantial detail, and the latter furnishing a full account of the 
Turkish invasions of Persia, and of the disturbances which took place 
after the death of Shah Tahmdsp. This fourth Book and the Appendix 
occupy more than one half of the entire work. 



^ These first two chapters are transposed in the table of contents, but occur 
as above in the body of the work, both in the present HS. and the Turkish 
transhttions. 

^ The author, after the account of Malik Ashraf, who was ruler of Budlis in 
A.H. 625 (a.d. 1227), when Jalil ad-Din Mankbami, King of Kh&nzm, took 
Akhlit, passes over his immediate successors, and proceeds at once to H6,)ji Sharaf 
Ben Ziyi ad-Din, who was ruler of Budlis in a.h. 796 (a.d. 1393), when Timiir 
visited Kurdistan. Hijji Sharaf was then the most powerful of the Kurdish 
chieftains, and may be regarded as the founder of his family. 



( 151 ) 

M. Charmoy several years since announced his intention of 
translating the Sharaf Ndmah for the Oriental Translation Com- 
mittee, but I am not aware that any portion of his task was ever 
accomplished. 

Foil. 287. Seventeen and eighteen lines in a page. Written in 
Nasta'lik and Shikastah Amiz, by different hands. The Supplement 
containing the continuation of the history of the Ardaldn rulers, was 
transcribed in a.h. 1225 (a.d. 1810), and is probably the autograph 
of the author. The leaves in this volume have been misplaced in the 
binding, so that it appears to be incomplete at the end ; this, how- 
ever, is not the case, the concluding portion being bound in another 
place, but some leaves are wanting. 

Size 12 in. by 8^ in. (Sir J. Malcolm). 



VII.— bukhArA, mAwarA AN-NAHR, &c. 

CLX. 

TAWARfKH-i NARSHAKHf .* — A history and description of Bukhara, 
from its origin to the deposition of Abi^ al-Haris Mansur Ben Niih^ 
and the extinction of the power of the Sdmanides.^ 

The Tawarikh-i Narshakhi, of which the present work is an 
abridged translation, was originally written in Arabic, by Abu Bakr 
Muhamnuul Ben Ja'far an-Narshakhi, in a.h. 332 (a.d. 943), and was 

^ I have taken this title from the first leaf, where it is written \^\ ^\j 

JtV«l3 . tfSf**J fs<?«^V C-->Ia^ .yl' In a short work, bound up in the 
same volume, giving an account of holy and learned men of Bukhirii, it is called 
\i\i^ .b^^ 4-^U^ Kitib-i AkhMr-i Bukhirfi. 

^ Abd al-Hiris Mansdr, the eighth of the Siimtoi kings, was only nominally 
a monarch. He was deposed and blinded by the prime minister Fiiik, in 
A.H. 389 (a.d. 998). He was succeeded by his brother, 'Abd al-Malik, but the 
latter never enjoyed independent authority. After the death of *Abd al-Malik, 
Abd Ibrahim Isma*!!, another son of Ntih, continued for nearly six years to lead a 
wandering and predatory life, and was put to death in a.h. 395 (a.d. 1004), whilst 
on his way from Nis^ to Bukhdrii, by Miihrlii, one of Mahmud Ben Sabuktagin*s 
agents. He was the last of the race of Siman. (Defr^mery, Histoiro des Sama« 
nides. 8vo. Paris, 1840. Price^s Retrospect, vol. ii). 



(152). 

dedicated by bira to the Amir Nuh Ben Nasr-as-Sdindni.^ In a.h. 522 
(a.d. 1128) Ab(i Nasr Ahmad Ben Muhammad Ben Nasr al-Kabddar^' 
translated An-Narshakhi's work into Persian ; and from that trans- 
lation the present abridgment was made, by Mohammad Ben 'Umar, 
in A.H. 574 (a.d. 1178). 

This carious work gives the traditionary history of Bukhara at 
considerable length, and enters into many interesting particulars as 
to the religion of the inhabitants, the climate and revenue of Bukhard, 
and the public buildings and environs of the city. 

Foil. 105. Thirteen lines in a page. Written in a very inele- 
gant but yet legible Nastalik character, in a.h. 1246 (a.d. 1830). 

Size 9| in. by 6 in. (Sir A. Burnes.]) 

CLXI. 

^U. ^ 'ifjsi 

Tazkirah-i MuKfM KnANf. — A history of the tJzbak Khdns 6f 
Maward an-Nahr, by Muhammad Yiisuf Munshl Ben Khdjah Bakd, 
who dedicated his work to Abfi al-Mnzaffar Sayyid Muhammad 
Mukim Khan. 

This history comprises a preface and three books, and contains as 
follows : — 

Preface. — The genealogy of Biizanjar Khdn, traced from Ydfit 
Ben Nuh. Account of some of the descendants of Biizanjar Khan, 
to the time of Abu al-Khair Khan, who reigned for about forty 
years over the Dasht of Kipchdk, from the country of the Bus 
(Russia), to the boundary of Bulgh^r and Turkistdn, and was 
the grandfather of Muhammad. Shaibani Khan. 

Book I. — Account of the subjugation of Mdward an-Nahr 
and Khurasdn, by Muhammad Shaibdni Kh^n, who is sometimes 
called Sh^hi B6g Khdn ; of his death in a.h. 916 (a.d. 1510) ; 
and a history of his successors, who are known as the Shaibaniyah 

^ In the preface he is named Amir Hamid Muhammad Ben NHh Ben Nasr Ben 
Isma'il aS'SdmAni ; this must, however, be the Amir N(ih, who bore the title of 
Amir Hamid. From the date it cannot be his son. In the account of holy and 
learned men alluded to in notel, p. 151, it is correctly said that An-Narshakhi 
lived in the time of Abii Muhammad Ndh Ben Nasr as-Sim£ni, and that he wrote 
his account of Bukh^r^ in a.h. 337 (a.d. 948). 

^ In another place this name is written Abti Nasr Ahmad Ben Mnhammad 
Ben Muhammad al-Kabdwi. 



( 153 ) 

Sultdns of M^wara an-Nahr, to tbe murder of 'Abd al-Mdmin 
Khan, son of *Abd Allah Babidar Khdn, in a.h. 1006 (a.d.1597).' 

Book II. — Account of tbe origin of tb^ Astarkb^ni^ Sultdns of 
Bukb^d, and tbe bistory of tbat dynasty, from tbe accession of 
J^nl Mubammad Kbdn, wbo was raised to tbe tbrone by tbe 
Amirs of Bukb^rd, on tbe murder of *Abd al-Mumin Kbau,' to 
tbe deatb of Sayyid Subh^n Kuli Mubammad Babadur Khdn, in 
A.n. 1114 (a.d. 1702). 

Book III. — Account of tbe reign of Abti al-Muzaffar Sayyid 
Mubammad Mukim Babadiir Kbdn, from bis accession at Balkb, 
in A.H. IIU (A.D. 1702) to a.h. 1116 (a.d. 1704). 

Tbe Tarikb-i Mukim Kbani is of tbe greatest value, as treating of 
a period of tbe bistory of Bukbir^, of wbicb but little knowledge can 
be gained from otber works. Tbe information we possess regarding 
tbe princes of tbe Shaibani dynasty, wbo were remarkable for tbe 
conquest of Maward an-Nabr, Kburasan, and Kbdrizm, and for tbe 
expulsion of Bibar, is very insufficient. Tbe bistory of tbe Astar- 
kbani Sultdns, almost, if not qnite, unknown to European autbors, 
is not, I belieye, to be found recorded in any of tbe Oriental his- 
tories with which we are at present acquainted, if we except the some- 
what scanty details given in tbe Mirdt al-'Alam,^ and two next 
following works. The account of tbe Astarkhdni kings occupies more 
than four-fifths of tbe present volume. 

Foil. 165. Thirteen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik, 
in A.H. 1246 (a.d. 1830). 

Size 10 in. by 5| in. (Sir A. Burnes.) 

CLXII. 

A short bistory of tbe Sultans of Mdwdra an-Nabr. This work is 
without a title, and the author's name is not mentioned. 

^ 'Abd Allah BahlUiiir Kh&n died in a.h. 1006 (a.d. 1597). His son 'Abd 
al-Mfimin Kbin succeeded him, and was murdered six months after his father's 
death : he was the last of the Shaibtoians in the direct line. 

JI^^/^^ ®' Ashtarkhinl jls^/LiU 
• •• 

* Jioi Muhammad Khto, son of Y£r Muhammad Khto, was nominated to 

the throne by the Amirs of BukhlUr^ immediately after the assassination of 'Abd 
al-Mdmin Khin. He, however, declined the sovereignty, on the ground that, 
although he was descended from Changfz Khto, yet his son Din Muhammad 
Khfin, being related to the Shaib4n£ family, through his mother, had on that 
account a greater right to the throne than himself. Din Muhammad Khto was 
accordingly proclaimed king instead of his father. J&ai Muhammad Khiin is 
nevertheless, reckoned by the author as one of the sovereigns bf Bukhiihi. 

* Described supriy No. XLIV. 



( 154 ) 

Contents : — 

J. — Accoant of the wives and children of Cbanglz Khan. 
Jtiji Khan, and his descendants. History of Abii al-Khair Kh^n, 
and his successors of the Shaibani line, to the time of Iskandar 
Khdn, son of J^ni Beg. 

II. — A concise account of the Astarkhani ^ dynasty, from the 
time of Ydr Muhammad Khan, father of Jani Muhammad Kh^n, 
to the death of Nadr Muhammad Khdn, the son of Din 
Muhammad Khan,^ in a.h. 1059 (a.d. 1640). 

This history, though very concise, is useful for the purpose of 
comparison with others. 

The two parts of the volume are, perhaps, extracts from separate 
works. The first part appears to have been written in the reign of 
Iskandar Khdn Shaibani, as the author puts after that monarch's 

name the common formula of <u!t J /*1 J ''* May his dominion endure 

for ever." At the end of this first part occur the words ^jUll L::^^^ 

'' conclusion of the history," and on the next page the account of the 
Astarkhdni kings begins without any preface or rubric. I have 
thought it best, however, to consider the two as one work, since the 
history is continuous, with but a slight interval between the two 
parts, and there is nowhere any indication as to the title or author. 

Foil. 31. Thirteen and eighteen lines in a page. Ill written in 
Nasta'lik. Some leaves are wanting in the concluding portion of 
this MS. 

Size 7^ in. by 5\ in. (Sir A. Burnes.) 

CLXIII. 

TarIkh Namah. — A collection of chronograms, giving the dates 
of the births and deaths of kings, chiefs, lawyers, historians, poets, and 
holy and learned men, who flourished in the interval between the 

birth of Tim6r, in a.h. 736 (a.d. 1336), and a.h. 1055 (a.d. 1645), 
together with many particulars touching the lives of the persons men- 

1 In this MS. this word is written ^jUi. Jjuljb. 

' He is called Tfnam (^Juu) ^ the present MS. ; and, in the Tirikh 

Niimah {ittfrh No. CLXIII.), it is said that Din Muhammad Bahiidur Khin was 
•ommonly known by the name of Tinam Kh^n. 



( 155 ) 

tioned, and relating to the times in which they lived. The dates are 
in most instances expressed in figures as well as by the chronograms, 
and the whole work is arranged in chronological order. 

It would be impossible to give the exact contents of this cnrlous 
volume without extracting the title of ,each article. It is almost 
entirely confined to the Uzbak kings and chiefs, and the holy and 
learned men, &c., who lived during the time of the Sultdns of Mawara 
an-Nahr ; and though it is professedly only a collection of dates, yet, 
as I have already stated, it comprises a quantity of valuable historical 
information, giving the parentage and descendants of the sovereigns 
and chiefs who are mentioned, and a concise account of the most 
important events in which they took a part. In the first portion of 
the work we can gather a good account of the Muzaffarides, the Sar- 
baddrians, and the immediate descendants of Tim(ir ; and the latter 
part furnishes a tolerably full though scattered history of the 
Sultans of Mdward an-Nahr, to the time of Nadr Muhammad Khdn. 
The arrangement of the work, and its miscellaneous character, is 
somewhat inconvenient, the thread of the story being constantly 
broken by the insertion of biographies of Shaikhs and others, who were 
in no way connected with the history of the period in which they 
lived. Taking it altogether it will, however, be found of great use 
in tracing the history of Mdward an-Nahr, whilst many of the bio- 
graphical notices are of considerable interest. 

The system of expressing dates by chronograms is of greater 
utility than might be imagined, since it leaves but little chance of 
the errors which so commonly arise in MSS., from the uncertain 
transcription of numerals, and the similarity of several words, when 
the dates are written at length by a careless scribe. 

This MS., as well as the three preceding, was purchased at 
Bukh^rd, by the late Sir Alexander Burnes, in the year 1832, and the 
wholel four were presented by him to the Society. 

Foil. 227. Seventeen lines in a page. Well written in Nasta'lik. 

Size 8^ in. by 5^ in. (Sir A. Burnes.) 



»i 



(1-57) 



INDEX OF NAMES OF WORKS. 



Ahsan at-Taw^rf kh« cxlix, cl. 
Ahw^l-i R&jal^i Maistir wa Nagar, 

LXXIV — LXXVI. 

Akbar Klmah, cix— oxvi. 

Akhb^T^t-i DarMr-i Ma'^lf, cxxxm. 

'Alam Arf.1 'Abbdsl, oxxxix — cxliv. 

'Alamgir Mmah, oxxvn— oxxxi. 

'Ali N4mah, lxv. 

'Amal-i S&lih, oxxvi. 

Bafi&tln as-Sal^tln, lxv. 

Constantinople, Account of the con- 
quest of, CLvm. 

Faw^id-i Safawiyah, cxlv. 

I!ut6h A'sam, viu. 

Habib as-Siyar, xxxm — ^xu. 

Hakikat-i Bind, wa 'Uny-i Daulat-i 
K&jahli.i Sit&rah, lxxix, lxxx. 

Haklkat-i Bin& wa 'Urty-i Firkah-i 
Sikh§.n, Lxxxm, lxxxiv. 

Hakikat-i B^jaMi Mutafarrikah-i Hin- 

dtist^, LVL 

HakfkaU B^aM'i Ujjain, Lvm. 
Hastfn^p^r, Account of the Early 

Mjahs of, Lvn. 
Hindtist^, Short history of, c. 
Ibrat Mmah, lxxxvi. oiv. 
Ikb§.ln4mah-i Jah§iiglrf, cxxi. 
'Im&d as-Sa'&dat, lxxxix. 
Insh^'i 'All 'Adilsh&hiyah, lxv. 
Intikh^b-i AkhMr-i Na?^b Wazir, ia, 

xoi. 
Jah^ngir N&mah, cxvn— cxx. 
J^mi' at-Taw&rfkh, i, n. 
J^mi' al-'Ultim, lxvi. 
Khul^lsah-i Bay&n-i Amadan-i N&dir 

Shlh Bah Sh§,hjaMQ&b^, oxLvm* 
Khul^t al-Akhb&r, xxxn. 
Khul^t at-Taw&rikh^ un — ly. 
Khut^t-i Siv^f; Lxxxi. 
Eit&b al-Mu'jam f! As^ MuMk al- 

'Ajam, oxxxvn. 



Ma^r-i 'Alamgfrf, cxxxn. 

Ma§,8ir-i Sult^niyah, cu — cuii. 

Ma§£ir al-ITmar&, ci — cm. 

M^hd B6o PlshwS., Account of, Lxxxn. 

Maj ma' al-Ans^b, xv. 

Makhzan-i Afgh^f , lx. 

Malfaz§,t-i Timtirl, xciv. 

Man&kib al-Murtazawf, vu. 

Matla' as Sa'dain wa Majma' al-Bahrain> 

xov. 
Mirllt-f Aft&b NunUl, xly. 
Mirllt-i Ahmadl, lxx — ^lxxiu. 
Mirllt al-'Alam, xuv. 
Mir&M Daulat-i 'Abb&sf ^ Lxxxvin. 
Mirfit-i Sikandari, LXix. 
Muhammad K&mah, lxv. 
Al-Mukaddamat f[ at-T&rikh, m. 
Muntakhab-i Tawllrfkh-i Bahri, lxvl 
Nasab K&mah-l.Afl&ghinah, Lxn. 
Nig&rist^, XTJT. 
Kish^-i Haidarf , Lxxvn. 
F&dshih K&mah, cxxn — oxxiv. 
Bauzat al-Ahb&b, v. 
Hauzat as-8afl, xvi — xxxi. 
Bauzat IJlf al-Albfi.b, xm, xiv. 
Bi8§.lah4 Ans&b-i Afllghinah, Lxm. 
BisUah-i Tad&bir-l Shlih wa Wazfr, olvi. 
Biy&z al-Firdaus, cxxxvL 
Safwat aa-Safil, cxxxix. 
Salj^ks of Persia, History of the, 

oxxxvni. 
Sh&h 'Alam, Letter from, oxxxiv. 
Sh&h Jah&n K&mah, oxxv. 
Sharaf K&mah, clix. 
Sikhs, Short History of the, lxxxv. 
Siyar al-Mutaakhkhirin, ov— cvm. 
Soltims of Hawaii an-Nahr, Short His- 
tory of the, CLxn. 
Tabak&t-i Akbarsh&hi^ xlvl 
Tabak&t-i N&sirf, xn. 
T&rlkh-i Bin4kitf , xin, xiv 



(158) 



THilkh-i Firishtah, XLvm— UL 
T&rlkh-i Hakkl, XLvn. 
T&rlkh-i Hasht Bahisht, clvtl 
Tt^rikh-i Jah&n Ar&, cuv, clv. 
T&rikh-i Jah&ngirMmah Salfmi, oxvu 

— oxx. 
T&rikh-i EMfl KMn, lxxxvl xcvm, 

xcix. 
T^rfkh-i Mah6,i^ah Banjft Singh, 

Lxxxvn. 
^T&ilkh-i N^iri, cxlvi, cxLvn. 
T&rlkh K&mah, CLxm. 
T6rfkh-i K^sb N4mah-i Ahmad Sbllh 

Dan^f, LXL 
T&rfkh-i Niz&m 'Alf Eh&n wa N&sir 

Jang, Lxvn. 
Ti.rlkh-i P&dshfth&n-i 'Ajam. cxxxv. 
T4rlkh-i Sind, lix. 



T&rikh-i Salt&H Muhammad Katbsb&hi, 

Lxvni. 
Tfi-rfkh-i Tabari, ix, x, xi. 
Tai^rf kh-i Karshakf , olx. 
Tazkimh-i Ahwg,l-i Sal&tfni Bij§,par, 

LXIV. 

Tazkirah-1 Mukim Eh&nl, clxi. 

Tazkirat al-Mnllik, lxv. 

Tazkirat as-SaUtin-i Chaght^, xovi, 

xovn. 
Tlpti Sultim, Begister of the Military 

Expenditure of, Lxxvni. 
Tubfat al-Muj^idin, iv. 
, Tdzak'i Jah&ngiii, cxvn— cxx. 
Tuz1ikfi.t-i Timtir, xoiv, xoiv*. 
Zafar N&mah, xcn, xciu. 
Zubd at-TMkh, XLin. 



INDEX OF NAMES OF AUTHOES. 



'Abd al-Hamid L&hfiif, cxxm, oxxiv. 
'Abd al-Hayy Ehlui Sams&m al-Mulk, 

cm. 
'Abd ar-Bazz&k Ben Jal&l ad-Din Ish&k 

as-San^arkandf, xov. 
'Abd ar-Bazz&k Niyaf Kuli, cu— CLin. 
Ab6 'Ali Muhammad Ben Muhammad 

Ben 'Abd Alhih al-BaPamf , ix, x, xl 
Ab6 Bakr Muhammad Ben Ja'far 

an-Narshakhf, clx. 
Abfi al-Fazl Ben Mubarak, cix— oxvi. 
AbH al-Fazl 'Abd Allah Ben AM 

an Nasr Ahmad, cxxxvii. 
Abfi al-Fazl Muhammad ad-Daftaii, 

OLvn. 
Ab6 al-Hasan Ben Ibrahim Eazwini, 

CXLV. 

Abd al-Hasan Muhammad Ben 'Abd 
al-Malik Ben Ibrahim Ben Ahmad 
al-Hamad&ni, ix. 

Abfi Ja'&r Muhammad Ben Jarir Ben 
Yazid at-Tabari, ix, x, xi. 

Abd Muhammad 'Abd Allah Ben Mu- 
hammad al-Fargh4ni, ix. 



Abd Nasr 9on Muhammad Ben Nasr 

al-Kab^dar, clx. 
Abd Sulaiman D&wud, xm, xiv. 
Abd 'IJmar 'Usm&n Ben Muhamfnad 

al-Minhlij Ben Sii^ al-Jdzj&ni, xii. 
Ahmad Ben A'sam al-Kdfi, vm. 
Ahmad Ben Muhammad Ben 'Abd 

al-Ghafdr al-Ghafi^ al-Kazwini, 

xm. 
'Ali Muhammad KhfirU, Lxx— Lxxm. 
Amin&! Munshi, cxxn. 
Bakht M§.1, lxxxv. 
Bakht&war Eh&n, xuv. 
Darwish Tawakkul Ben Isma'il, cxxxix. 
Fakhr ad-Din al-Bin&kiti, xm, xiv. 
Faild ad-Din Ahmad, Lxm. 
Fazl Allah Ben 'Abd Allah al-Kazwini, 

CXXXVIL 

Firiahtah, XLvm — ui. 

Ghiyas ad-Din Muhammad Ben Hum&m 

ad-Din, xxxn— xu. 
Ghulfi-m 'Ali, ci— cm. 
Haibat Kh^n Kdkar, lx. 
H&shim 'Ali Kh4n, xcvm, xcix. 



(159) 



Ibn Khaldliii, m. 

Ibi&hfm Batni, LX. 

Im&m ad-Din Husaini, lxl 

'In&yat Kh&n, oxxv. 

Iskandar Munshi, oxxxix — oxuv. 

Jab&ngir, The Emperor, cxvii — cxx. 

JamUl ad-Dfn 'At& Allah Ben Fazl 

Allah ash-Shfi^ziy v, vi. 
Kam41 Ben Jal&l, XLin. 
Eam&l ad-Din ' Abd ar-Razz&k Ben Jal&l 

ad-Din Ishik as-Samarkandf , xcv. 
Eam&l Zard al-Baighamawi, oxxxvn. 
E^war Eh&n, xovi, xcvii. 
KSkzi 'Abd an-Nabi, lxvi. 
Khfi,£[ KMn, xavnL, xoa. 
Khandamir, xxxn— xu. 
Eh&uji Mulk, LXiv. 
Khizr Ben Ehizr al-Amidi, ix. 
Ehurram Sh&h, Lxym. 
L&lah Daulat R&!, Lxxxvm. 
Maula Idils Ben Has&m ad-Din al-Bud- 

lisi, CLVU. 
Mir Ghul&m'AU Kakawl Ben Sayyid 

Muhammad Akmal Eh&n^ lxxxix. 
Mir Ghul&m Husain Eh4n, cv—ovm. 
Mir Husain 'Ali Eh&n Elrm&ni, lxxvu. 
Mir Ibr&him Ben Mir Hasan, Lxnr. 
Mir Muhammad H^him, xcviu, xoix. 
Mir Rafi' ad-Din Shir&zi, Lxv. 
Mirkh^nd, xvi — 2LXXi. 
Mirz& Muhammad KM.il Astar&b&di^ 

CXLVI, CXLVII. 

Muhammad Ben Ahmad al-Mustauf! 

al-Harawi, vni. 
Muhammad Ben 'Ali Ben Shaikh Mu- 
hammad, xv. 
Muhammad Ben Eh&wand Shilh Ben 

Mahmfid, xvi— xxxi. 
Muhammad Ben 'Umar, clx. 
Muhammad Amin Ben Ab6 al-Hasan 

Eazwini, cxxn. ^ 

Muhammad H^i, xcvi, xovii. 
Muhammad Ibrahim az-Zubalif, lxv. 
Muhammad Ellaim Hindfi Sh^, 

XLvni — LIL 
Muhammad E&zim Ben Muhammad 

Amin Munshi, cxxvn— cxxxi. 
Muhammad Ma's^ 'Ali Ben Sayyid 

Safliyi al-Husaini at-Tlimizi, lix. 



Muhammad Mirak Ben Mas'tid al-Hu- 

sainl, oxxxvi. 
Muhammad S&dik Marwazi, onv, oly. 
Muhammad S&ki Musta'idd Eh&n, 

OXXXIL 

Muhammad S&lih al-Husaini, vn. 
Muhammad Sfi^lih Eanbfi, oxxxvi. 
Muhammad T&hir Ben Za&r EhUn, 

cxxv. 
Muhammad W&ris, cxxm. 
Muhammad Ylisuf Munshi Ben EMjah 
^ Bak&, CLXI. 
Mulla Zahdr, lxv. 
Manshi Stihan La'l, lxxxvu. 
Naw&b 'Abd ar-Bahman Sh&h Naw&z 

Eh&n H&ahimi ad-Dihlawi, xlv. 
Naw&b Mu'tamad Ehim Muhammad 

Sharif, cxxi. 
Kaw§,b Samsto ad-Daulah Shfi.h Naw&z 
Eh^ al-Ehai^^ al-Aurang§.b&di, ci 
—cm. 
Ki'mat Allah Ben Habib Allah, lx. 
Niz&m ad-Din Ahmad Ben Muhammad 

Mukim al-Harawi, xlvl 
Kusrati, lxv. 

Rashid ad-Din Ben 'Imfi,d ad-Daulah 
AbH al-Ehair Ben Muwaffik ad- 
Daulah, I, IL 
Samad Ben Muhammad Taki S&rawi, 

cxles:, cl. 
Sanj&n B6.1 Munshi, Lin— lv. 
Sayyid Muhammad E^im, civ. 
Sayyid Muhammad at-Tabd.tab&i al-Is- 

fah&ni, Lxn. ^ 
Sayyid Ntir Allah, lxv. 
Sh&h *Alam, cxxxiv. 
Sh&h Naw&z Eh&n, xlv. oi— chl 
Shaikh 'Abd al-Hakk Ben Saif ad-Din 

Dihlawi, XLvn. 
Shaikh Abd al-Hasan, lxiv, lxv. 
Sharaf ad-Din Ben Shams ad-Din, clix. 
Sharaf ad-Din 'Ali Yazdi, xon, xcm. 
Sikandar Ben Muhammad, lxix. 
Tawakkul Ben Isma'il, cxxxix. 
TimUr Lang, xoiv, xoiv*. 
W&hidi Balkhi, ix. 
Zain ad-Din al-Ma'btiil, iv. 



(160) 



ERRATA ET EMENDENDA. 



p. 6 line 14; /or coincides read coincide, 
p. 7 line 21, for Takm&ep read Tahm&sp. 

p. 7 line 86, t^fter Akhaikasl insert (^Y i^^>^\). And /or S^bar reoc? Sabir. 

p. 28 line 28, dele Ben. 

p. 28 line 88, for MuMrlk read Mubfi.rak. 

p. 26 line 6 ; p. 27 last line ; p. 41 line 28 ; and p. 47 line 18, for JJkiM Kh^n 
read IJkt&I K§4n. 

p. 26 line 7 ; p. 86 line 19 ; and p. 47 line 18, /or Mangfi Kh&n read MangH K&ka. 

p. 29 line 28, for Kubl&i KMn read KdbiUii K&S^, 

p. 29 last line, insert a.d. before 1423. 

p. 81 line 80, for A translation read The text and translation. 

p. 86 line 12, after paintings add A large portion of the history of the Mnzaf- 
farides is omitted in this MS. 

p. 86 line 19, for UfcOli read Ukt&i KMn. 

p. 37 line 86, for vi read v. 

p. 44 lines 1 6, 21, and 22 ; and p. 48 line 2,/or Aspahbud read Ispahbud. 

p. 47 line 27, for 818 and 1410 read 812 and 1409. 

p. 64 line 17, for 793 and 1391 read 796 and 1392. 

p. 66 line 41, for to read too. 

p. 68 last line, for Bidr read Bidar. 

p. 66 line 1, and p. 73, line 18, /or SUmanahs read Samahs. 

p. 72 line 86, for LXXXVII read LXXXVIII. 

p. 78 line 20. a.h. 916 (a.d. 1610) is the date in all the MSS. of the T&rfkh4 
Sind that I have seen ; but Shih B^g Argh^ did not take Thathah until 
A.H. 926 or 927 (a.d. 1619-20). The lamented Sir Henry Elliot, in his 
latest work on the history of India, gives a chronogram from the TuhfiBtt 

al-Kir^m, viz., jj^ a^^r^ which fixes the date in the latter year. See 

Appendix to The Arabs in Sind, vol. iii., part i., of the Historians of 
India. 8vo. Cape Towti, 1863, p. 110. 

p. 78 line 24. After death of insert and correct as foUotos, Mirz§, Sh§.h Husain, 
in A.H. 962 (a.d. 1664). An account of Snlt&n Mahmfid Kh^n, of Bhakar, 
to his death in a.h. 982 (a.d. 1674), when Upper Sind fell into the hands 
of Akbar ; also an &c., &c. 

p. 96 No. XCV. In my notice of the Msyma' al-Bahrain, I have omitted to men- 
tion the detailed account of the work given by the Baron Hammer- 
Purgstall in his Catalogue, where he has translated all the rubrics. See 
Hfloidschriften Hammer-Pui*gstairs, p. 249. 

p. 101 No. CI. See also for some particulars of the life of AiM Husaini, 
M. Gkuxin de Tassy's Histoire de la Litt6rature Hindoui et Hindoastani, 
tome i. p. 89. ^ 

p. 101 line 82, after AzM add a comma. 

p. 106 line 36 for Sayr read Sair. 

p. 129 line 1, dele their. 



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