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LIBER BTLI

A GUIDE

THE STUDY OF

BOOK-PLATES

(EX-LIBRIS)

JOHN BYRNE LEICESTER WARREN

(lord de tabley)

Haurit aquam cribris qui vult sine discere libris

JOHN LANE: THE BODLEY HEAD
NEW YORK AND LONDON MDCCCC

^J^}<^i

^^t-Or

Edinbui^h : T. and A. Constablb, Printers to Her Miyesty

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION,

In 1837, now above forty years agOj the Reverend Daniel
Parsons published an article on Book-plates in the Third
Annual Report, 1S37, of the Oxford University Archmolo-
gical and Heraldic Society. And, at a later date, in 185 1,
Mr. Parsons announced his intention of writing a History
of Book-plates)- This, unfortunately, he never lived to
publish; but Mr. Parsons deserves a grateful commemo-
ration in this preface as the first English writer on the
subject of ex-libris.

And in all likelihood the present humbler attempt in the
same direction would have shared the fate of Mr. Parson's
History, had it not been for the continual encouragement
and efficient assistance accorded to its writer by the
Reverend Thomas William Carson, of Beaumont, Terenure
Road, Dublin. It is difficult adequately to express the
extent of my obligations to that gentleman during the
progress of this work. Not only has he confided to my
care, for the purposes of this essay, the most precious por-
tion of his fine collection, but he has favoured me with
many valued suggestions. In the two lists of English
engravers he has especially assisted me, and supplied no
inconsiderable portion of the names. His series of dated
English book-plates, probably the best in the country, has
greatly enriched my list. I might add the transmission of
valuable books by post, the loan of pamphlets and reviews,
advice on knotty points, help in the nomenclature of the
' Notes and Queries, ist S. iii. 49S-

iv A Guide to the Study of Book-Plates.

different styles, and many other kindnesses too numerous
to particularise. I can only once more render Mr, Carson
my warmest thanks. To Henry Peckitt, Esq., of Carlton
Husthwaite, one of our earliest and most extensive col-
lectors, I am indebted for the loan of some rare French
pamphlets, for the gift of some interesting ex-libris, and for
much kind assistance and information. I must also record
my gratitude to the Hon'''" Gerald Ponsonby for permit-
ting me most pleasantly to inspect his very fine collection,
and for aiding me in taking notes on many of his most
interesting specimens. Except Mr. Carson, no one has
contributed more to my list of dated English book-plates.

To Augustus Wollaston Franks, Esq., F.S.A., I owe the
generous loan during a lengthened period of his small but
choice collection. I am indebted to MM. John and
Albert Scheible of Stuttgart for allowing me to refer to
them various questions connected with German ex-libris,
and for researches made on behalf of this essay. Also I
must thank M. Meyer, the Secretary of the Museum at the
Booksellers' Exchange in Leipsic, for many obliging facili-
ties accorded in respect of the Lempertz collection now
under his care, I also mention with gratitude M. Carl
Schuckhardt of Frankfort, and Mr. W. Auvache of Museum
Street, as two intelligent and industrious collectors, the
fruits of whose labours are now incorporated in my own
series. To Richard Garnetl, Esq., and to W. Y. Fletcher,
Esq., I owe the discovery of some highly interesting ex-
libris in the National Library. I thank J. Martin, Esq., of
the Inner Temple, for permitting me to take notes of his
instructive collection, and J. Pearson, Esq., for supplying
several of ray illustrations and also contributing to ray
dated series.

In the various heraldic portions of this volume, I have
freely had recourse to the standard English works upon

Preface. v

the subject, without deeming it necessary to append refer-
ences, or to state, except in a few cases, the sources whence
my information has been derived.

Since also heraldry and book-plates are so intimately
blended, and inasmuch as nine specimens out of ten are
more or less armorial, I have, in all my descriptions of
ex-libris, used the heraldic right and left, in opposition to
the right and left of Bartsch and other describers of en-
gravings. This plan may occasion a little awkwardness
to a reader consulting these pages solely from the artistic
point of view. Still I had no alternative. The confusion
would have been intense, had I described the armorial
portions of a book-plate on one system and its pictorial
accessories on another. While those ex-libris, which
present no trace of heraldry, are so few in number and
so exceptional that no great violence will be done in
conforming their descriptions to those of the majority.

The following abbreviations indicate the collections
of ex-libris, chiefly referred to in the present Essay.
(C.) Rev. T. W. Carson ; (P.) Hon. Gerald Ponsonby ;
(F.) A. W. Franks, Esq. ; (L. B. Mus.) The Lempertz
Collection ; (W.) the writer.

In closing this preface, I may perhaps be permitted
to offer one slight suggestion to booksellers, When a
volume in your catalogue contains an interesting or an
early-dated book-plate, it is well worth one more line of
type to notify the fact. Even the large book -auctioneers
might find this hint deserving of their serious attention.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

Ndmbbr op
Plate. Page

1. Book-plate of Bilibald Pircrheimer. By Albert

DuRER Frontispiece

2. Book-plate of John Reilly of the Middle Temple i6

3. Book-plate of Richard Caryer .... 29

4. Book-plate recording a Gift of Books by George

THE First to the University of Cambridge . 39

5. Book-plate in the Jacobean Style. By James

Sartor 58

6. Book-plate of Francis Winnington of Lincoln's

Inn, 1732 73

7. Book-plate of Henrietta, Countess of Oxford.

By George Vertue 89

8. Book-plate of Francis Gwyn of Lansanor, Gla-

morgan, 1698 105

9. Book-plate of Gilbert Burnet, Bishop of Salis-

bury 119

10. Book-plate of William Penn 133

11. Book-plate of David Garrick .... 149

12. Book-plate of John Wilkes 165

13. Book-plate of Louis Bosch, Priest of Tamise.

By L. Fruytiers 179

14. Book-plate of Sebastian Myller, Bishop of

Adramytteum. By Wolfgang Kilian . . 192

1 5. Book-plate recording the Legacy of his Library

BY Daniel Huet, Bishop of Avranches, to the
Paris Jesuits 207

16. Book-plate of John Bernard Nack, Bookseller

OF Frankfort 219

A GUIDE TO THE

STUDY OF BOOK-PLATES.

Having selected a volume from one of those mysterious
receptacles of drift literature, which stand at booksellers'
doors with the intimation, all in this box threepence, on a
dirty piece of card-board poised on a ragged fragment of
stick, the bookhunter will presently at home inspect his new
acquisition. The book is opened and displays, pasted inside
the cover, a paper label. It reads, in a plain border, William
Downing, his book, 1744. Now in England we call such a
ticket as this, William Downing's book-plate, as abroad it
would be called his ex-libris. In either case the meaning is,
that this special volume was in 1744 William Downing's
property and no other man's : that the book was one from
among his books, an item of his library, a unit in his collec-
tion. The convenience of such a label of proprietorship,
printed or engraved, led to its adoption soon after the
appearance of printed books. Books have been lost,
borrowed, or stolen ever since type began, and a mere
manuscript name is inconspicuous and easily effaced.

Now, as to our English term of art book-plate, it is beyond
question both clumsy and ambiguous. Yet the word has
taken root and obtained a general recognition among
bibliophiles. It is, therefore, too late to alter matters now.

2 A Guide to the

But the chances are, if you enter a third-rate print shop, or
a country bookseller's, and ask for book-plates, with no'
further periphrasis of explanation, that you will be handed
plates which have served to Uluitraie books.

As to the word book-plate in Its technical sense, that is, of
exact equivalence to ex-libris, the dictionaries have been
ransacked in vain, but in none of them does it seem to be
recorded. We are unable to cite any earlier authority for
its occurrence than 1791, in which year John Ireland pub-
lished the first two volumes of his Hogarth Illustrated. In
that work it is said, speaking of the early days of the great
humourist, "the works of Callot were probably his first
models, and shop-bills and book-plates his first perform-
ances,"^ Walpole comes very near to using the word,
twenty years earlier, when he calls Hogarth's ex-libris*
with the cipher, ' a plate he used for his books.' And, again,
in his Catalogue of Engravers, f^A. 1771, speaking of George
Virtue's charming book-plate, this is entered as a ' plate to
put in Lady Oxford's books.' But, no doubt, when the
subject is ventilated, some earlier quotations for the word
book-plate will turn up.*

On the other hand, the continental term, an ex-libris, is
much more clear and serviceable. It is certainly also occa-
sionally applied to the arms, etc., stamped outside on the
binding of a volume instead of the paper, or more rarely
vellum, label affixed to the cover within.* Yet this is only
a slight divergence of meaning, and occasions but little
ambiguity.

If all book-plates were as plain as William Downing's,
there would be no great inducement to study a series so

' Introduction, p. xxii. Again, in vol. ili. (1798) p. 370, 'said to
have been a bookplate for Lambert, the painter.'

' See Anecdotes of Painting. It is doubtful, if Hogarth had him-
self any hand in this his so-called book-plate.

3 See page 103, foot-note.

* Some folk paste their «j:-//jir;j on the back of the title-page ; Som(
on the inside cover at the end of the volume

Study of Book-Plates. 3

monotonous. But the owners of libraries soon began to
improve upon a mere typographical statement of their
name. Heraldry was at once employed as a ready and
ornamental mode of declaring the proprietorship of a
volume. Indeed, many of the oldest book-plates bear a
coat of arms without name or further inscription. The
owner then considering, that, among his own immediate
circle and neighbourhood, such an heraldic imprint of his
right to the book was enough. Indeed, in those days more
of his retainers would recognise his figured coat of arms
than read his printed name. Thus from their earliest
origin book-plates became heraldic, and they have in the
majority of instances so continued to the present time.

Upon their heraldry was soon engrafted a mass of extra-
neous ornamentation, usually, however, supposed in some
degree to be connected with the central escutcheon. The
mantling might be foliated into an infinity of shapes, the
shield itself framed or encased in a variety of fashions.
This framework itself might be ornamented florally, archi-
tecturally, with branch, fruit, cornucopise, arabesque, or
what-not. The theory of heraldic supporters was expanded
into caryatides, cherubs, term figures, male and female
allegories, gods and goddesses feigned to be in charge of
the shield. Thus there will be found an infinite divergence
and variety in any well-selected collection of ex-libris.

These specimens range from simple name-tickets — often
of high interest when reading, for example, Samuei Parr ;
Wiliiam Hazlitt ; Thomas Eabington Macatday — to highly
elaborate engraved pictures. Such are the book-plates of
Anna Darner, the sculptress, designed by Agnes Berry,
the friend of Horace Walpole, and a fine anonymous com-
position, engraved by Barnes & Co., Coventry St., of a
. member of the family of La Tour d'Auvergne.^
' Both dated 1793.

4 A Guide to the

Again, there is every diversity in the social grade of the
persons to whom the book-plates belong ; though, doubt-
less, in the earlier days of their adoption ex-libris were
mainly owned by nobles and ecclesiastics. Yet in the
eighteenth century the series travels from the mathema-
tical master at Christ's Hospital, who inscribes his name
across the figure of a proposition in Euclid, to the superb
military trophy which flanks the royal arms of France on
the ex-libris of Lewis the XVth.

The main reasons for which a book-plate becomes in-
teresting may be thus succinctly stated. It bears an early-
date, or infers an early date from its workmanship. It
records as owner some well-known person in the past. It
is beautiful as a work of art. These may be respectively
called the antiquarian, the historical, and the artistic
aspects of an ex-libris. To these leading categories
two much smaller ones may be appended. Some plates
possess interest for their heraldry alone, some for their
topography. Such as those of W. Williams of Antigua,
and the Mexican Convent of St. Francis. The mere
eccentricities, the plagiarised designs, quaint mottoes, and
other minor points of book-plate curiosity, will only be
noticed incidentally, or as illustrating some of the more
important aspects of our subject.

In France alone has the history of the book-plate from
its origin to the present time been adequately investigated,
France usually takes the lead in Bibliography, and in all
subjects akin thereto. For the ex-librist is but a humbler
class of bibliophile, whose slender resources admonish an
abstention from the costlier luxuries of First Editions. In
France, the rage for collecting ex-libris has expanded to a
full maturity, in Britain such collectors are as yet a puny
folk, little more esteemed than the juvenile hoarder of

Study of Book-Ptates.

postage s

; stamps. In France, the book-plate has a recog-
nised commercial value, the true index of a respectable
social recognition. M. A. Poulet-Malassis' valuable hand-
book' has much contributed to this result. This brilliant
and exhaustive treatise on the book-plates of his own
country has reached a second edition. Its success is per-
fectly well deserved. With the outer stamps on French
books M. Guigard in his excellent Armorial du Bibliophile-
has supplied us with the fullest information.

In England various detached papers have been already
published, to which references will be found during the
course of the present work.' But nothing approaching to
a book on the subject has been attempted as yet

It is naturally with English book-plates that the present
work is mainly concerned ; but, as the ex-libris of Germany,
Spain, Italy, and Flanders are as little known as those of
this country, we have not scrupled to seek for illustrations
and comparisons from these foreign examples, and to
devote some of our chapters to their especial study. It is
much to be desired that some collector in each of these
countries would publish the result of his researches.

With French book-plates we have much less concern.
We shall assume that M. Poulet-Malassis* valuable essay
is, as it ought to be, in all our readers' hands. With such a
large terra incognita before us as Europe, excepting France,
supplies, we shall trespass little on his carefully mapped

* Les ex-libris Franijais depuis leuroriginejusqu'^nos jours. Nou-
velle edition, ornee de vingt-quatre planches, Paris ; Rouquette, 1875,
4to (with a separate album volume of plates).

^ Johannis Guigard : Armorial do Bibliophile avec Illustrations
dans le Tejtte. Tomes 1. & II. Paris, Bachelin-Defiorenne, 1870-
r873, 4to.

^ By far the most important of these is the communication headed
' My Collection of Book-plates,' by G. W. D., in Notes and Queries for
Jan. 3, iBBo, which has appeared since this sentence was written. It
IS at once able and entertaining.

6 A Guide to tlie

out domain. His work well merits an English translation ;
but in the present essay we have too much to notice in the
book-plate history of other countries to find much space to
quote his interesting pages. Some four of his French ex-
libris will be added to our dated foreign list; and a few
French engravers noticed, who have apparently come to
light since the publication of his second edition. And,
although illustrations from French specimens will be freely
used as explaining our general theories on the subject of
book-plates, yet into the history of French ex-libris, as a
class apart, we shall not enter in this essay.

We must also premise, that as a rule no notice will be
taken, and no account given, of purely modern ex-libris,
either English or foreign. It is difficult, and indeed scarcely
necessary, to draw a hard and fast line between old and
modern book-plates. Speaking generally, an ex-libris
subsequent in date and workmanship to 1830 may be
considered a modern one. In a few cases, for formula of
ownership, eccentricities, and apposite illustration of older
specimens, such modern book-plates may be resorted to ;
but, for the most part, they will be entirely excluded from
these pages.

As we hinted briefly above, a large proportion of Eng-
lish book-plates of all periods are purely heraldic. Others
blend natural objects with heraldic insignia. Some, and
these not the least interesting, are wholly and entirely
innocent of all heraldic device.

Now to blazon in detail the heraldic portions of every
armorial book-plate noticed in this treatise must add con-
siderably, and perhaps needlessly, to its bulk. And yet,
without the blazoning, each description will be in a measure
incomplete. We cannot pretend to have observed a rigid
consistency in alt cases, but our rule has been to blazon
usually each anonymous or really important ex-libris.

Study of Book-Plates, 7

Other book-plates, whose niain significance consists in
their inscription or design, will have their heraldry (if any)
omitted. Either, we submit, will be quite enough to iden-
tify the book-plate for all purposes of after-reference. In
some cases, we have omitted to give the heraldry, not from
choice, but of necessity, having only had time, in the sur-
vey of another person's collection, to note the inscription.

After the more important examples a reference will often
be added of the collection in which the book-plate occurs.
This rather lengthens the description, but it is generally
of practical use. There will be also placed, after most of
the quoted ex-!ibris, an approximate date added in. a
parenthesis. The writer has found this so valuable in his
own memoranda, and so serviceable for the purpose of his
own researches, that he retains such roughly estimated
dates for the guidance also of his readers.

As to the general subject, he proposes to treat of book-
plates after somewhat the following scheme. First, the
essence of an ex-libris is that it expresses proprietorship
of the volume to which it is attached ; that it announces
the fact of the book's possession by some individual, or
body corporate, named thereon. Consequently, the next
chapter will be employed in showing from actual instances,
the many various phrases by which book-ownership can
be asserted and set on record.

We now get into the thick of our subject. The several
chapters on the leading fashions in ex-libris decoration are
among the most important in this essay. The book-plates
of the last century present a mere chaos to the collector,
until he is able at a glance to see to which style and
period any given example must go.

The historical aspect of the ex-libris will then claim our
attention in the catalogue of dated English book-ptates,
from the Restoration to the accession of George the First.

8 A Guide to Book-PhiUs.

This list may, we fear, prove lengthy, and its descriptions
somewhat dry and technical. It is, however, intended
more for reference than for continuous reading.

Another view of a book-label may now be taken. The
ex-libris is a precaution against the loss or theft of a
volume. We shall, therefore, devote a chapter to record-
ing the various mottoes, texts, and verselets directed
against borrowers. Those in praise of books and study
will receive a separate section.

A list will then be attempted of Foreign Engravers-of
ex-libris, in which the French names, already exhaustively
treated by M. Poulet-Malassis will be omitted.

The next general group will be the book-plates of
places, a curious and motley assemblage. Legacy ex-
libris and College Prizes will follow. The headings of the
other chapters will sufficiently indicate their contents.

After this much of general preface, we proceed to the
details of our subject.

PHRASES OF BOOK POSSESSION.

This book belongs to John Hughes'^ (iSio). That is
perhaps the simplest and most downright statement of
a fact, which admits of being retold in many terms more
ornate and polite. John Hughes speaks home; there is
no sibi et amicis nonsense about John. He is a man of
whom the borrower will do well to beware. But other
folks have many more ways of saying on book-plates that
a volume is their own. A string of actual instances will
be given, as actual instances realise.

To commence, in Latin the mere genitive will express
John Hughes's longer phrase of proprietorship, LIBER
Bilibaldi PirckJuimer. Sibi et Amicis. P. (1500),' Fronti-
spiece. This may be called the father of book-plates,
the first Shakespeare quarto of the ex-libris collector.
Academic Cantabrigiensis Liber {_iy 20).

To the typical formula ex-libris should perhaps be given
a precedence of consideration, as it has stamped itself
upon the subject-matter of this treatise.

We have as yet met with no earlier instance of its occur-
rence on a dated English book-plate than this — ExlibrisBi-
bliotlucm Domestic^ Richardi Towneley de TowneUy in Agro
Lancastrensi Armigeri. Anno j^tatis : 73, Domini: 1702.

' Inscnptions given in italics are copied from the book-plate, and
quoted exactly as they occur.

' In this, and all subsequent cases, a date enclosed in a parenthesis
means that the date is approximate, and that it does Twt occur on the
ex-libris itself

10 A Guide to the

On the Continent, however, the phrase occurs much earlier.
For instance — Ex Hbru M .ChristophoriRaymundiSchiffUni
Augustani virb. Div. Min.iJA.Q. R.SchifTling of Augsburg,
Minister of the Divine word). The arms are a little ship
(Schifflein) repeated, as is usual in foreign heraldry, on a
larger scale in the cresL The mantling is gracefully
foliated. The whole is enclosed in an oval medallion,
above which PS, xxvii: Domlnus Lux tnea el Salus Mea;
and again below the escutcheon Anhelat Portum. All
round is a fine and graceful border of renaissance art, con-
sisting of intertwisted branch and leaf-work, amid which
two Blake-like fairy forms of boys issue to the waist from
flower calices and crown the design with overheld arching
palm-sprays. The ex-libris is probably earlier, if any-
thing, than l6io. The arms are, of course, at that period
untinctured. The book-plate is one of great beauty.

Another instance — Ex Libris S. S: C: G: B: L: B:
(Liber Baro) S.S. r66i. Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth,
Ar (?) a pale counter-compony ; second and third, or (?)
a beaver erect. (The tinctures all very doubtful.) Motto —
Deo et Casari. The shield is coarsely framed, and sur-
mounted by a coronet. An olive branch flanks it at each
side ; thick and dumpy festoons of fruit are placed below.'

Our next dated occurrence of the typical phrase brings
us again back to Britain, and reads on Bishop Sterne's book-
plate — Ex libris J oh, Stearne, S.T.P. Epi. Clogherensis z
1717, in a circular band round the episcopal cartouche. At
each corner outside the inscription is some rather fine leaf-
work, whichcompletes the square of the plate, whose general
aspect is older than its inscribed date. Likely enough,
Bishop Sterne founded his book-plate on an earlier one of
some predecessor of his in the see of Clogher. This Bishop's

Study of Book-Plates. r i

name recurs here and again in Swift's Journal to Stella.
Sterne was Dean of St. Patrick's, and intimate with his
more celebrated successor in that deanery. Swift calls
Sterne the hospitable owner of good hits, good books, good
buildings ; and even goes so far as to tell Halifax in 1709,
'that only the Bishop (Sterne) and one or two more
rendered Ireland tolerable to him.'^ However, about 1717,
the date of this plate, a rupture seems to have occurred
between the two friends.

For want of space the type phrase is sometimes found
abbreviated, as — ex tibr. Cored. Neob A°. 1732, a bold piece
of Teutonic heraldry, in which the escutcheon appears on
the breast of an Eagle displayed. The sliglitJy varied but
perhaps more classically correct e tibr is is found in Germany
rather early. E tibris Fr. Dom. Haeberlin Utmani. The
design consists of Caryatids and Amorini disposed about
an outer proscenium, which shows a library interior, scene-
like, beyond {1700). The English instances are, as usual,
later than the German.

It will be sufficient to quote two examples — Elibris Hen.
Aston, za. armorial plate (1740) and E tib. Tko. fowling,
A.M. Red. de Atcesler, with this inscription merely sur-
rounded by an oak wreath (1740).

Ex bibtiotheca or E bibtiotheca is a formula of great con-
tinental prevalence and considerable antiquity. It occurs
very early on a dated book-plate of Charles Albosius,'^ a
Citizen of Autun, near Chalons — Ex bibtiotheca Caroti At-
bosii E. Eduensis. Ex tabore guies, 1574 (dated).^ The ex-
libris is merely typographical, and bears no kind of design.

' Life of Jonathan Swift by John Forster, London, Murray, 1875,
Roy. 8vo, p. 190.

' Poulet Malassis, p. 4.

' That is bearing an engraved or printed date. Ex-libris with
dates upon them added in manuscript are not considered dated
ones. This distinction is important.

12 A Guide to the

The Electoral Library of Bavaria, whose book-plates are
remarkable for their size as well as their artistic excellence,
will furnish us with another early dated example of this
formula — Ex bibliotkeca Sereniss""" Utriusgue BavaritB
Ducum 1618 (dated). Winged Caryatids supporting the
electoral ermine-faced crown with one hand, fruit festoons
hanging from their other hand. Between them, richly
framed, the Bavarian arms. Quarterly, i and 4, Paly bendy
sinister of eight; 2 and 3, a lion rampant, crowned, double-
tailed, langued and armed. Around the escutcheon hangs
the collar of the Golden Fleece, Below, on an arabesqued
platform, with censers at each corner, is engraved the
above inscription. 7 X Sj in. Twenty years later, a new
plate was engraved for the same library, on which
the formula was thus varied — Ex Electorali bibliotkeca
Sereniss. Utriusq. Bavariw Ducum on an indented bracket
on which the escutcheon rests. Arms (as before) in an
oval frame surrounded by the Golden Fleece. The links
of the collar are prominently rendered. To right and
left, two inverted cornucopia; of fruit. Above, the
electoral crown is supported by four cherubs grouped on
the upper portion of the escutcheon frame. Two in
front with their hands resting on the frame, and two
behind upholding the crown. 10x7 in. (1640). Taking
this in every respect, I know of few finer ex-libris.

In England I cannot find anything to record until days
that are comparatively late.^ For instance, E BIBLIO'
THECA Baronis de Baltimore, A.D. 1751, occurs on the
circularex-libris of that nobleman, so dated and inscribed.
The design is merely the crest, two flags issuing from a
ducal crown, and above a Baron's coronet. A modem
French instance may just come in to show the phrase in
an abbreviated form. Ex bibl. Merard de St. Just (1S20).

This rarer modification also occurs — Ex catalogo biblio-
■ Buckwath (1735).

Study of Book-Plates. 1 3

theccB Cavmartin (1750),^ to which we may append two
other rather pompous phrases of possession, — XJnus ex col-
lectione Ubrorum Domini JohannisGeorgii Ei)nbckenii{\'j20)
and Ex musceo Christianide Nettelbla Holmia 5«f«'(Stock-
holm, 1750); OT Ex museo D. Claudii Ruffier in Lugdunensi
PrafecturA Frandm Questoris (i6go) C. and Ex mustso E. P.
Le Tors de Chessimont (1740) C. Pertinet ad Bibliothecavi
B. Woodcraft. This from a modern ex-libris, but for want
of an older instance of this further variety of expression,
we here introduce it.

Indeed, the changes can be rung upon the word bibtio-
theca to a considerable extent.

Taken alone, it occurs very frequently, as in Biblio-
theca Palatina (1730), Bibliotheca Velseriana (1700),^ or in
its genitive with tiber understood, Bibliotheca M. H.
Tkeodori Baron. (1720), or Pro bibliotheca, on the anony-
mous heraldic book-plate of an Italian Prince (1820),
which is rare and unusual. Or, ad bibliotfucam Jo,
Jac. Reinkardi. Ord. Class, num. (1693). Ad bibliothecavi
Fratrum L. L. B. B.de Vogelius {iy20). {C). Sometimes
this same variety of the formula occurs disjoined from the
rest of the inscription ; as thus, Francisctis Propositus S.
Salvatoris Pollings, A°. 1744 ; after which there is added
on a separate bracket at the base of the design — Ad biblio-
tlucam Ibidem,; meaning that the volume in question
belongs to the library in that place, namely S. Salvator,
and not to the said Francis, its prtspositus.

The modified property of a monastic in his books is also
thus modestly expressed — Ad usum F. fohannis Baptists

' Ex calalogo bidliothectF Argenson. Armorial; theField-Marshal's
batons crossed behind the escutcheon (1730). Inscriplus catalogo
librorum Joteptii Xaupi, S-c, 1730 (dated).

' Or abbreviated, Bibtiotli. D.D. dc Freval (K). A wild Louis-
Quinze plate, on which the unicorn supporters have taken fright, and
are literally kicking o\'er the escutcheon ; or, again. Ex Biblioih.
Regia Berolinenn (Siennicbi).

A Guide to the

Ininger Ord. Erem. S. Augustim{\y^o). The next triplet i
of examples adopts the curious expression ' private library.'
A. Gray's private library {1820), Bibliotheca privata An-
tonii Ignatii, etc., S.R.I. Principis, Prmpositi Ehacensis, Co-
mitis Fugger, etc. {i%2o). And last but not least curious — |
Bx libris bibliotkecce domesticce Ricardi Towneley in Agro \
Lancastriene Armigeri,anno ietatisT}„domini 1702.^ Note |
the eccentric record on his book-plate of the owner's age.
Insigne libromm, which we quote from M. P. Malassis, j
without having observed an actual instance of its occur- 1
rence, is a most unusual phrase, but means simply the I
book-mark. Symbolum bibliotkecce Joliannis Bemardi
Nack, civis et mercatoris Francofurtl. Jnv. Dr. Osterlan-
der. Del. et sc. St. Hilaire, 1759. This seems a remarkable
phrase, but probably it is not a formula of book-posses-
sion ; meaning in this case merely the sign of the book-
shop of B. Nack, inasmuch as that bookshop is depicted
beneath under very fanciful conditions (Plate 1 6, p. 219).

Comparavit Monasterio S. Viti cis Rotham ibidem pro-
fessus P. Quirtnus Hohenddl (1730). Ex supellectiU
libraria Bened, Guil. Zahnu, in a plain, coarsely engraved,
shellwork frame (1780); that is to say, part of the book-
furniture, or the library effects of B. G. Zahnii (C) — a
curious expression, of which we have only seen this single
instance.

Horace Walpole, acceding late in life to the Earldom of ,
Orford, expressed his proprietorship in his books by an ex-
libris reading, — Sigillum Horatii Comitis de Orford {lygx —
1797), and a convent in Dalmatia does the same, Sigil-
lum Convent. Fontis Bceatce Virginis in Zaara. Possibly
the volumes of their respective collections were thereby
supposed to be sealed as their own.

' And a fourth — Ex libris Bibliothecm Personalis PF. Hilarionis
Piskowski Ord. Pred. (ordinis prsedicatorum) (1750) Siennicki.
Engraved plate iz.

Siiuiy of Book-Phies.

The last Latin assertion of ownership to be given is,
strange to say, a poetical one : —

Clamabunt onines te, liber, esse *Heum?
This very neat adaptation from Martial occurs on three
book-plates, which we have seen, and doubtless on others.
It is earliest found on the fine ex-libris of John Reilly, of
the Middle Temple^ Esq. (1690— 1700) ; then, at least fifty
years later, on the very similar book-plates of Theophilus
Desbrisay and John Hiison, Esq., Counsellor-at-Laiv. Hoth
are unsigned, but evidently by the same hand (1745).
The elaborate angular lined framework, with wooden
flourishes, ends on each plate in a tent-like awning above ;
while on each side a martial half-length female, helmetcd,
is introduced into the ornamentation.

After this long string of Latin formuhc, those which we
have been able to collect in the modern languages will
seem scant and meagre. Our French instances arc— /3
Mr. De Lorme^ Gentil Homme, ordinaire du Roy (1750),
Bibliotheque particuliere de son Eminence Mgr. le Cardinal
Maury.^ Bibliotheque de Pastoret. IHbliothique de Rosny,
which is sliglitly altered thus, De la Bibliotheque de M.
Le Ckev. Dampoigne. — Du Cabinet de Missire liartheltmy
Gabriel Rolland, conseilkr en Parlement, I'retident i la
premiere des Requites du Palais, 1761,^ which la»t is rather
more appropriate to the numismatist than the bibliophile.
And the similar Cabinet litteraire ex lihris Cellitv (1760),
giving us an interior view of the cabinet aforesaid, its
book -shelves, central uble, and chtxktred f«vemenl ; the
whole in a circalar wreath of leaves anJ berrfei.

^ ■ smnim, CimlMwl Mmrf, ti«m 1746, 4M Itiy.

^'■w M aa MM* fffrntti $tm6itM n^MwW (i7fi^ TIm WMM i*

1 8 A Guide to Book-Plates.

In these two analogous instances which follow, the
volumes assume the poetical licence of speech to declare
their master.

Je suis d Jean Tommins (1750) on an English book-
plate of a Frenchman, designed by Cipriani and engraved
by Ford ; and J'appartiens d Lticien Wiener (modern).

These next are less dithyrambic, — Ce livre est du Mo-
nastere de la Visitation de Sainte Marie de Clermont {\%io.
Emblems of the Passion and plain border), and another,
very similar, Ce livre fait partie de la Bibliothkque de M. le
Conite de Fortia d" Urban, demeurant d Paris, Chauss^e-
d'Anlin, rue de la Rochefoucault, No. 12, No. 366 (1810, no
design, merely typographical).

In Italian we give simply — Bibliotheca del Conle Luigi \
Massimil {ly 20), Bibliol/ieca Tersi {lyZo), Delia Libreria (
Bellisomi (1820), Di S.A.J?, il Duca di Lucca (1770), del \
Conte D'Aglie (1750),

In German the crop is nearly as bare — Zu den BUchern
H. Ziingli (iSoo), Lucauische Bibliothec (1720), Aus der ,
BiUhirsammlung N. Friedrichs von Mulinen (1805), Vole- ,
kertiscke Liberal (1750), Aus dem Orthtsche Bitcher-
vorrade (1730), Lesebucher von J. C. Midler {lyjo).

In English, the yield is worst of all — Hooton Library
(1810) printed in red. A. Gray' s Private Library {\%2o).
This book belongs to John Hughes {\Z\0), William Downing,
his book, 1 744 (dated). Two ofthesc instances have been al-
ready givenabove,forconvenienceof comment and contrast.

This concludes our catalogue of the phrases of book
ownership. The great excess of Latin formul.-E over those
in any modern language cannot fail to strike the reader.
The paucity of English book-plates even with Latin
phrases will be also very apparent. In France and i
Germany such statements of proprietorship were during ^
the last century extremely prevalent. In England and
on English book-plates they are quite exceptional.

LEADING STYLES OF ENGLISH
BOOK-PLATES.

THE JACOBEAN STYLE.
The artistic style of English ex-libris decoration, which
we propose to distinguish as Jacobean, is first found (so far
as our present materials carry us) accompanied by a date
on certain college book-plates of A.D. 1700, Like orna-
ments recur in the next year on the c^K-XCoxi^oi Da^ne Anna
Margarelta Mason, relict of Sir Richard Mason, Kt., late
Gierke Comtroler{s\c)ofihe Green Cloath to King Cliarles and
King James the Second, 1701. Now it sounds natural enough
tostampasJacobeanthebook-plateofaIady,whoschusband
served the last James, yet this style of Jacobean decoration
continued to appear on book-plates until about 1745, long
after the name ceased to be strictly applicable. Still, as the
art of the Mason book-plate in 1701 is practically the same
with that of Francis Winnington's ex-libris in 1732, we
presume it will be allowable to call the last, no less
than the first, Jacobean, although designed during the reign
of George the Second. Toaffixany fresh name to the Win-
uington plate would be to assume a solution of continuity
between the art of the two specimens which does not exist_
In this account, therefore, of the leading styles of English
book-plates, we shall commence by discussing the Jacob-
ean, claiming to ourselves some latitude to extend the
term to book-plates dating well into the middle of the
eighteenth century.

Nor will it be necessary to remind the reader that, during

A Guide to the

the prevalence of this and all the succeeding styles about to
be discussed, the series of purely heraldic, that is to say,
of unornamented armorial book-plates, continued unbroken.
While in all the styles of decoration a nucleus of heraldry-
was preserved, as the centre and the reason of the varied
and extraneous ornament. The escutcheon, indeed, was
the excuse for the festoon, the cherub, or the framework.

!VIr. Carson's collection contains two fine specimens of
Jacobean book-plates, but on these the work is so ornate
and exceptional that they will assist the student but little
in recognising the leading characteristics of this style; and,
therefore, they will not be so particularly dwelt upon as
some smaller and far less beautiful examples, which explain
this vogue better in its normal and average appearance on
ex-libris. The first (p. 1 6J dates about 1 700, and is of John
Reilly of the Middle Tetftple, Esgr. Below runs — Clamabunt
onines te liber esse meum. The arms — vert, two lions com-
batant or, supporting a dexter hand ar. Crest — a tree,
round its stem a serpent, all ppr. Motto — Fortitudine et
Prudentia. The escutcheon is raised on an elaborate and
richly carved Jacobean sideboard. The mantling is pre-
served, curiously foliated above. The central portion of I
the sideboard nearest to the shield is in lower relief and
bears a diapered pattern. Two columnar-like shafts project '
in higher relief on either side ; on each is carved a heavy '
perpendicular leaf festoon. Below the escutcheon, right
and left, on the ledge of the sideboard, are two eagles with
expanded wings and ribbons in their beaks. Below these I
again, on each side, cornucopize inverted and apparently I
pouring out books. Across the lower face of the sideboard I
isspreadafringedcloth,whichbearstheinscription,gathered j
at the top into three ribbon-tied bunches. 5^x 3jin. (PI.2.) 1

The next plate is later but nearly as fine, It is anony-
mous. The arms — ar., three wolves' heads couped sa. Crest I

Study of Book-Plates. 2 1

— acrescent or, flames issuant therefrom. The shield appears
in an oval, plain medaHion, which hangs in an outer frame,
composed of flourished limbs of stone-work. Two angels
with trumpets set to their lips, undraped to their waists, re-
cline above the shield, their lower limbs inserted into two
large cornucopiie. Between them, a flaming torch. From
their inner hands depend heavy leaf festoons. Below, two
smaller standing angels hold, right and left, an opened cloth
ready for a name. An outer border of leaf-worked cornice
completes the design. In the right comer is the signature
— Ja Sartor fecit Londini. 6x35 '^' (Plate 5, p. 58.)

It is not till Jacobean ex-libris begin to thicken about
1725, that a sufficient number can be brought together
upon which it would be safe to generalise. Our coming
observations are, therefore, based more on these later and
commoner book-plates, which every collection will supply,
than upon a few choicer and earlier specimens, of which
few are as yet known to have survived.

Speaking, therefore, of the ruck of ex-libris of the first
years of Queen Anne, we may with hardly any qualification
assert, that on the book-plates of that period the escutcheon
is set in no kind of frame and does not rest upon a bracket.
The little extraneous ornamentation, which the coat of arms
receives,isderivedfromexpandingandconvolutingthe mant-
ling from the helmet into leaf-work more or less elaborate.

But in the beginning of the century occur dated ex-libris
of certain colleges, who placed above their escutcheon
neither helmet nor crest, and who, consequently, had no
mantling wherewith to decorate the bare flanks of the
shield. To supply this void in decoration, a distinct frame
was placed round their escutcheons, and this framework
was ornamented with ribbons, palm-branches, or festoons.
The prominent or high relief portions of this frame were
not set close to the edges of the escutcheon, but between it

22 A Guide to the

and them an interval of flat patterned surface nearlyalways
intervened, in which, as upon a wall, the actual shield was
imbedded. This we shall call the lining of the armorial
frame, and we shall find this lining is usually imbricated
into a pattern of fish-scales, one upon another, or diapered
into I a tt ice- work. ^ The scale-covered or latticed interval
of lining is the characteristic of the style, which we propose
to call Jacobean, and whichon English book-plates preceded
the better-known Chippendale fashion of decoration.

Now the earlier book-plates of Anne have merely the
Jacobean frame ; but another step in the external decora-
tion was to add a bracket, distinct from the frame, upon
which the shield in its frame was supposed to rest. This
bracket naturally imitated the decorative art and surface
arrangement of the shield frame.

The Jacobean style was most prevalent on our book-
plates about 1730 ; and we have accordingly engraved (see
plate 6) a not very beautiful, but extremely characteristic
specimen of this distinct decorative fashion.

The book-plate oi Francis Winning-ton (p. 73) 0/ Lincoln's
Inn, Esq., 1732, bears imprimis a definite date. It gives,
moreover, the shield set in a distinct frame, and that
resting on a distinct bracket. It gives the scale pattern
on the first and the lattice or diapered pattern on the
second, each so differential of this style, It shows clearly
the interval of lower surface so patterned, which is always
placed next to and immediately around the escutcheon.
It preserves, above, the old mantling, distinct and un-
mixed with the limbs of the framework.

The escallop shell in the centre of the bracket must be
noted. It is the normal and perpetually recurring orna-

' More rarely simple horizontal lines replace the cross-barred
pattern ; and on the latest and roughest specimens in Jacobean style
the lining simulates the bricks upon a wall (masoned).

Study of Book-Plates. 23

ment of the Jacobean escutcheon frame. But the more
usual arrangement is that the scallop should be placed in
the centre of the frame above ; while in the centre of the
bracket below, as a kind of pendant to the scallop, appears
a satyr or demon's head, or the head of a canephorus. On
the top ledges of the frame are often placed as ornaments,
eagles, baskets of fruit, apples, festoons ; while, either as
quasi-supporters on the ledges of the bracket, right and
left, or on the side ledges of the escutcheon, if the bracket
be amalgamated with the frame, are lions, cherubs, male
and female term-figures, busts of fairies with butterfly
wings, angels with trumpets, etc. Recurring to the scallop
shell, we shall see that it was afterwards transmitted on to
the Chippendale frame ; but it became a shelly border on
these book-plates rather than one distinct shell.

Such, therefore, is the Jacobean ex-Hbris, and such its
ornamentation. Ample specimens in this vogue have
survived, and it is readily recognisable. We have taken
the Winnington plate for our type of the style, and the
reader will do well to study it with some attention. As
compared with the woodwork preserved in churches of
Charles the Second's reign, as compared with the mould-
ings on monuments of the same period, a practical
identity of decoration cannot fail to strike the antiquary.

Some illustrative ex-libris in this fashion will be now
given and commented upon.

The ex-libris of Charles Barlow, Esq., 0/ Emanuel Col-
ledge {sic) Cambridge, 173(0)^ (dated)givesus the Jacobean
style in its most exaggerated phase of decorative exuber-
ance. Both diaper and scale pattern are here, as well as the
normal scallop shell. The framework groans under other

' This is one of those tantalising three-quarter dates, so unsatis-
factory to the collector. The three first numerals are engraved, the
I last is left blank to be filled up ii

A Guide to the

accumulated decorations. Eagles, dumpy Amorini reading,
a wreathed head, a thick festoon, a basket of flowers, and
what not, are all piled pell-mell. The outer border of orna-
ments which skirts the margins of the plate is very unusual.

Sir George Cooke, of the Inner Temple, London, Pro-
ikonotary of the Court of Common Pleas, Westminster,
1727 (dated), Another Jacobean book-plate. The mant-
ling still preserved and separate. The scale-work on the
inner lining of the frame prominently developed. The
outer limbs and curves rather lighter than usual. No
bracket beneath.

Sir Thomas Hare, Baronet, of Stow Hall, in Norfolk,
1734 (dated). The Jacobean frame still in characteristic
angularity. This example gives the latticed or diapered
lining extremely well. The head of a canephonis replaces
the normal scallop shell below. Busts of fairies, butterfly-
winged, are placed on the lateral ledges. No separate
bracket. The Most Noble fohn Duke of Bedford, 1736
(dated). The mantling is retained separate. The scale-
lined frame reappears, elongated below laterally for the
motto scroll to rest on. No bracket. Savil. Goodford
of ye Inner Temple, Esq., 1737 (dated). No mantling to
helmet. Scaled lining. A prominent bracket, its inner
portion scaled, its outer diapered. A shaggy fawn's head
in centre. Couchant lions on each outer ledge. John
Robinson,M.D., 1742 (dated). Mantling preserved separate.
Lattice-work lining to frame. Thomas Frewen, of Brick-
wall, in the County of Sussex, Esq., 17(38). The last two
numerals in MS. Mantling as before. The scale-work
lining. No bracket.

These specimens rank first in our description of Jaco-
bean plates, not for possessing any exceptional excellence,
but from the important fact of their bearing dates.

Second only in importance to the dated examples of

SiJidy of Book-Plates, 2 5

' any given style are such book-plates as are signed by
engravers.

The following artists' names occur on ex-librls which are
clearly Jacobean, James Sartor, one of the earliest de-
signers in this style, has been already referred to. Next
comes a name of acknowledged reputation. Honourable
Henrietta Knight. Tlios. Worlidge fecit. This shows a large
surface of scale-covered lining. The scallop-shell occurs
above, slightly altered into an indefinite fan-shaped orna-
ment. A demon or satyr's head is placed below, with
a ring in the mouth, much in the door-knocker style.
Festoons hang from the lower frame limbs. Bracket and
frame combined {1735).

Paiilet Si. fohn, Esq.,F. Gardner S. The diapered lining
becomes here extensively prominent. Censers of flame are
placed on the uppermost frame ledges. Below, a separate
niche is excavated in the diaper ground, which bears an in-
dependent brick-like pattern, and the head of a canepho-
rus. On the lateral ledges, right and left, a huntsman,
booted and spurred, flourishing a whip, a bugle-horn swung
round him. Bracket and frame combined. A striking but
roughly engraved plate, probably of provincial work { 1740).

John Earl of Hyndford. B. Scott f. Short mantling
floats above. No frame to the escutcheon. The supporters
supplying the side ornamentation. The usual diapered
bracket is placed below (1725). Fillingham. Cole, sculp.
Eagles and an urn on the upper frame ledges, lattice-
lined bracket as before (1730),

Bickam, Jun., who signs a plate in 1730, and W. R.,
must also count as engravers of Jacobean ex-libris, but
the style is not distinctly developed in their works, so we
shall not here describe them.

Prominent unsigned and undated Jacobean specimens
are — Lucius Henry Hibbins, of Grays Inne {sic) Esqe, Very

2 6 A Guide to the

ornate and characteristic. The lattice lining appears in
compartments on a second horizontally hatched surface.
The frame does not rest upon the bracket, which appears
below detached. Apples on the upper ledge (1735).
Thomas Payler. The frame is scaled only. The bracket
both scaled and latticed : Cherubs on its lateral ledges.
Female head in its centre (1730). JohnWynne,A.M., Rector
of Caerydruidion. Scaled frame. Angels with trumpets on
its upper ledges. Satyr's head below. No bracket (1740).

Hester Brodrepp (1735) is a valuable example. The
upper half of the frame lining is scale-work, the lower
half diaper pattern. Cornucopia at each side.

John Ask {ly 11). An extremely good specimen. The scale
work as usual. The limbs of the frame are curiously inter-
locked, with a devil's head above, a maiden's below. (F.)

/MK//«J0«(i745)places his arms under a pavilion sup-
ported by two female undraped, plumed, and helmeted
term-figures. The bracket is diapered with another plumed
female head in its centre. Theophilus Desbrisay has adopted
Huson's design, replacing the bracket head by a trophy
of arms. These two plates are probably among the very
latest to which the term Jacobean can be applied.

The fine but rather wild plate of Sir I'aul Methuen,
Minister of Queen Anne and George the First, may come
in here as a Jacobean book-plate. But we do not note
the ex-libris as a good example of the style, but merely
give it for its historical interest. Indeed, the work is
quite exceptional.

Sir Paul Methuen, Arms — An, three Wolves' heads
erased, ppr., surrounded by the Bath. Crest — A Wolfs head
couped, ppr. Supporters — Two fiery lynxes reguard., ppr^
collared and chained or. Motto — Virtus invidise scopus.
Mantling very blown-about and stormy, ending ofif into
actual tassels on single-line flourishes. The ' fiery ' lynxes

Study of Book-plates.

the escutcheon rest on a fine open lattice-work bracket.
The scallop shell in its centre. This bracket is upheld
below by two seated, full-grown angels, male and female,
much smaller than the lynxes, whose outer hands support
the bracket ledge and inner hands grasp a trumpet.

Sir Paul Methuen died in 1757. The plate dates about
172a

A few more specimens before we conclude. John Put-
land, Esgr. The frame lining plain-barred horizontally.
Below, a satyr's head. On upper ledges Eagles with wings
expanded on fruit-baskets (1725). Edward Wake. Brick-
work lining, a winged term-figure of a boy and girl, right
and left, holding a festoon. Scallop shell degenerating into
a fan below (1735). The Honourable Heneage Legge, Esqr.
Diapered linings. Festoons hung across. Scallop shell
above. The bracket plain-ruled vertically (1740). Robert
Keith of Craig, Esqr. Diaper lined with two oblong
apertures cut, right and left, through the lining. This
is very unusual. Satyr's head below (1745). William
Robinson Lytton, Esqr. Scaled lining to shield frame ;
brickwork lining to bracket. On the former, a scallop
shell ; on the latter, a satyr's head. Eagles on the upper
ledges ; Lions, right and left, on the bracket. A fine plate
but coarsely engraved (1740). And this may conclude
our selected specimens.

Our reader will now have gained a good general idea of
what a Jacobean ex-libris is like. It is a formal, and, no
doubt, conventional style of decoration. It is more re-
markable perhaps for its solidity than for its gracefulness.
Yet few will deny that these book-plates have a very
distinct character of their own, and, if not actually lovely,
they are seldom in bad taste.

A Guide to Book-Plates.

THE CHIPPENDALE STYLE.

We now come to the Chippendale style, which is the
leading artistic fashion on English ex-libris after 1750- ^'
superseded the Jacobean ornamentation, and a vast number
of book-plates were designed under its influence. Con-
trasted with a Jacobean book-plate, these leading points of
difference will be observed. The mark and stamp of a
Chippendale ex-libris is a frilling or border of open shell-
work, set close up to the rounded outer mai^in of the
escutcheon, and, with breaks, more or less enclosing it
This seems to be a modification of the scallop-shell so nor-
mal at the base either of frame or bracket on a Jacobean
plate. It is, in fact, a border imitating the pectinated curves
and grooves on the margins of the scallop shell. Outside
this, succeed various furniture-like limbs and flourishes,
eminently resembling the triumphs of that ornate uphol-
stery, which Chippendale' about this time brought into
vogue. The design is completed externally by a profusion
of free flowers ; that is to say flowers in natural sprays and
branches, and preserving the natural habit of their growth,
and not imprisoned in heavy conventional festoons as on
the Jacobean book-plates. I cannot, for instance, recall on
these last a single instance of such a rose branch as occurs
at the side of the Cupid on Richard Caryer's ex-libris^ (see
plate), though such sprays will recur again and again
upon the great bulk of Chippendale book-plates, of which

• C hip pendale(T.) Gentleman and Cabinet-Maker's Director, being
a large collection of the most elegant and useful Designs of House-
hold Furniture, in the most fashionable taste, with 160 plates of
elegant designed Furniture. Fol. 1754.

^ This plate is, except the heraldry, identical with one inscribed
Joseph PockUngton^ Newark, NotHnghaiiiskire, 1761 (dated). But the
Caryer plate is, I believe, the original of the two.

A Guide to Book-Plates.

they constitute a leading characteristic. Speaking gener-
ally, the Chippendale ornamentation is freer, less stiff,
and more rounded than the Jacobean. The two sides of
the design are seldom symmetrical on a Chippendale plate,
but almost always so on a Jacobean. The outline of the
escutcheon itself in the Chippendale style is often broken
into by the incurving of the shell-work or of the upholstery
border ; the shield is sometimes oblique, often pear-shaped,
seldom a complete oval. On the Jacobean ex-libris the
shield is always of a regular figure. To sum up shortly,
the Chippendale plate is ornamented with shell-work,
upholstery, and free flowers.

One of the earliest dated ex-libris, which can claim the
name of Chippendale, is that of East Apthorp, A.M., Cam-
bridge 1741 (dated). Indeed this is almost a transitional
plate, for, though the sheil-pattern and free flowers stamp
it as Chippendale, yet the indications of a horizontally
hatched Jacobean lining to the frame are also present

The next dated plate in this fashion is of C/tarles
Delafaye, Esq., of Wichbury, Wilts, 1743. Bath. T. Skinner
Sculp. The shell-border and untied flowers are both
present, though but timidly and tentatively developed, as
compared with the Carycr plate, one of the finest examples
of Chippendale at its best, Benjamin Hatley Foote, 1743
(dated). This is a very decided Chippendale plate with
the style far more developed than on the one by Skinner.
IsaacMendes, 174.6 (dated), by Levi, but not characteristic.
James Brackstone, Citisen of London, 1751 (dated), is a
singularly pure example of the style, giving its fully
developed characteristics. So is the ex-libris of Sir
Thonias Gerard, Bart., 1750 (dated).

Charles O'Connor of Belanagare in the County ofRoscom-
7non,Esq., 1753 (dated). Not well engraved but decidedly
middle Chippendale. Philip Thicknesse, Bsqr., Land Guard

32 A Guide to Ike

Fort, 1753, dated, and characteristic. John Ord, Lincoln's
Inn, 1761 (dated), gives about the limit of the pure Chip-
pendale plate, for signs of decadence are here observable.
It has not been necessary to describe these book-plates
separately, as almost the same descriptive words would
apply to one and all of them. Of all we may say, that
the shield is flanked with shell-work, outside which various
carved limbs, as of wood, are added. Flowers decorate
the exterior frame. Above the escutcheon is the crest.
The helmet is usually omitted, and mantlings are quite
exceptional. The shield rests on an oblong bracket of
similar work to the frame. This bears the owner's name.
That is the normal Chippendale book-plate.

The dated book-plates in this fashion have been after
our custom taken first. We shall now subjoin a list of
undated cx-Ubris executed in the middle or purest period
of the Chippendale vogue. Indeed, one is compelled to
break up this great group into three epochs. The early
Chippendale ; before the full characteristics of the mode
were developed. Such are the plates by Mountaine and
Skinner. The middle or pure Chippendale, which com-
prises the ruck of examples in every collection. The late
or deteriorated Chippendale, which will be presently treated
of. Such divisions are inevitable. A plate by Skinner or
by Delegal are both Chippendale, yet how unlike !

Now all these ensuing plates are good instances of pure
middle Chippendale. Their floral decoration is neither too
timidly developed nor too profusely overdone.

John Belfour {ij$o) ; observe the vanishing rudiment of
a bracket. Charles Corbett, of Lincoln's Inn, 17 — (half
dated). /^rC(^.£7orMWa//jj (Archbishop of Canterbury)(i 768).
John De Chair, engraved by/. Kirk, Si. PauPs Church Yard,
a fine example (1750). Morgan Graves, Esq., with more
symmetry than usual in the flowers, John Gore, Esq. {i^^t^,
the shell-pattern in perfection. James Irving, fj-y., has

Study of Book- Plates, 33

unusually large-headed flowers (1750). Robert Long, who
gives the type scallop shell below and the shell-pattern
around the shield, Chas. Pinfold, LL.D., Governor of
Barbados, an excellent specimen of the style (1750).
Theodore Broadkead, a choice example, but the decoration
just a turn too varied (1760). The list might be easily
quadrupled, but these are enough.

The essence of the grace of a Chippendale plate was its
freedom and artistic moderation. Consequently, when the
fashion had become generally diffused, it began to be vul-
garised in the hands of weak designers, who essayed to pile
the flowers upon the frame beyond all measure and limit;
and who endeavoured by a crowded decoration to mask
the real weakness and poverty of their powers of design.
In this, the decadence of Chippendalisra, other adjuncts of
ornament were sought. The combinations of the shell-
work and simple flowers were retained, but regarded as
inadequate. Then took place a kind of reactionary move-
ment, as it were, to one portion of Jacobean ornament.
Cherubs, fiery dragons, books, balustrades, trees, sheep,
fruit-baskets, miniature nymphs in kilted petticoats, began
to appear among the springing flowers upon the ledges of
the frame, until at length one wild plate gives us, amid
the furniture curves and blossoms, distinct and detached
agricultural vignettes,

This marvellous production may be truly regarded as
Chippendale run wild and in extremis. Thebook-plate reads
C. Eve, It is a poor, crowded, smudgy affair. On different
stages of the frame appear, for instance, Cupids reaping
fields of growing barley, medleys of agricultural imple-
ments ; the general arrangement of the design is execrable.

Francis Blake Delaval, Esq. This is better engraved
than the last, but quite departs from the normal arrange-
ment of the accessories in a Chippendale book-plate. An

A Guide to the

upper story, so to speak, is added to the norniat design.
Shells teeming with fruit, flowers in pots, and an upper
ornamental valanced cornice, apart from the escutcheons
(for there are two), impends in the air, like a canopy, above
name, shields, and flower-sprays. Richard Wright, M.D.,
etc. This is another two-storied plate, with books, and
balustrades leading nowhither. Rev. John Watson has a
Cupid, with one foot on another balustrade, reaching down
some of the flower-branches. The ex-libris of J. Hardy
and Jaines Clitheroe, each perch a stormy, fire -breathing,
Chinese dragon on their frame ledge. Rickd. Jenkins, Salop,
has groups of Cupids, two reading and two measuring with
compasses a globe. John Williams gives a charming little
maiden, with a love-lock and kilted robes, quite realistic.
John Halifax, a sheep under a hawthorn, and a Cupid
directing a box. Thomas Salwey, of Richard's Castle, Salop.
A pretty plate, but the furniture decoration overdone.
Sir Joseph Mawby has literally piles of blossom, five deep.

We have not dated these examples separately. They
will all be found to range from 1765 to 1780, They are
collectively cited as examples of the Chippendale style,
past its best and already in its decadence.

The engravers of Chippendale book-plates are legion,
but among the names, which we find signing plates in the
early or undeveloped Chippendale style, are R. Mountaine,
a very prolific engraver (instance the ex-libris of John
Hoadly, LL.D., the Dramatist, of Thos. Worsley, and a
plate inscribed Pringle)} These three plates all date
about i7Sa Mountaine has another semi-oriental style, in
which he seems to have no imitators, and which did not
survive this artist on English book-plates. I. Skinner, of
Bath, has been already mentioned. Another engraver, who

' There is a variety of this plate, with a graceful outer border of
vine leaves and tendrils round its exterior margins.

Study of Book-Plates.

signs W. H., engraves a plate of E. Jones, Fellow of King's
Coll., Camb., precisely in Mountaine's early Chippendale
style, and with that engraver's touch. Also another ex-
libris of Henry Russell, to which the same observations
apply. We believe this to be one William Hibbart, who
signs at length, and dates in 1750, a book-plate of the Earl
of Clanricarde ; but enthusiastic collectors ascribe the/dw^j
plate and another reading Jolliffe to William Hogarth !

Among engravers of pure or middle Chippendale plates
are J. Kirk on the De Ckair ex-libris mentioned above.
Mordecai on E. H. Sandys (1750). J. Wills, engraving an
anonymous ex-libris, with initiaUy. A. C. And the follow-
ing names of engravers, all of whose book-plates in this
style maybe dated from 1750 to 1760, W. Austin, B. Cole,
T. B. Greeny Billinge, Levi, Robinson, Robson, Stent, Mat.
Skinner, W. H. Toms, 1752 dated, H. Hawes, N. Hurd,
M. M., W. Stephens.

The following artists engraved late or deteriorated
Chippendale plates :— E. Burtenshaw, Dover ; Delegal,
New Bond Street ; W. Henshaw, J. Mynde, G. Terry, and
several others.

This may end our survey of the Chippendale book-plate.
As a style we may regard it as original and thoroughly
national. It broke up the stiff formalities and heavy angular
limbs of the Jacobean frame, and replaced them with grace
and freedom. It gave us flowers as they grow, for festoons
of stony leaves, and embossed blossoms which never could
have grown, — things as like real flowers as heraldic mon-
sters are to living animals, — -leaves and calyces which no
botanist ever could identify, — berried laurels, with impos-
sible tendrils, palm branches jointed like telescopes. The
fault of the Chippendale style was this, that, graceful as it
was, it had not enough backbone, and in weak hands soon
degenerated into mere prettiness.

A Guide to the

ALLEGORIC BOOK-PLATES.

The allegoric book-plate, as we know it in England,
seems rather an occasional fashion indulged in by the
fanciful or the dilettante In art than a continuous national
style. Historically considered, it may have been evolved
from such examples of the Jacobean ex-iibris, as present to
us their frames most heavily adorned with angels, term-
figures, amorini or satyrs' heads. Indeed, the Jacobean
mode was continually cropping out into mythological or-
namentation. The plainer plates perhaps merely gave a
head, but still that was the head of a satyr or canephorus.
Nothing about this mode was realistic. To the Chippendale
ex-libris these allegoric plates have little affinity. They
continued, it is true, intermittently right through the thick
of the Chippendale vogue. This last went, as we know, for
ornament mainly to shells and flowers; and, beyond an
occasional Cupid perched on a frame-limb, we shall not
traceanyallegoric admixture or tendencyon the book-plates
of the best and purest Chippendale periods, that is to say,
in its early and its middle stage. In the decadence of that
style, it is true, some reaction took place in the old mytho-
logical direction ; but this seems merely to have been a
convulsive attempt to bolster up a decoration, of which
the public had begun to tire, by piling the Chippendale
frame in all directions, with whatever came to hand.

Still.whetherwe take the allegoric plates of the period of
Hogarth, Pine, and George Vertue, or consider the later
group of mythological engravers, such as Bartolozzi and
his scholar Sherwin, Henshaw, and the like — it must be
conceded that in England during* the eighteenth century
allegoric book-plates were never a numerous class. In

Study of Book-Plates. 37

i France, however, during the same period such ex-libris
were, on the contrary, profusely abundant.

Now, as we began by indicating, it is not difficult to
affiliate the Allegoric mode upon the Jacobean. Indeed,
the one seems to fade into the other by degrees, which
are almost imperceptible.

Take, for instance, the Sartor plate: in this, we have
only to depict or to imagine its twin trumpeting angels,
not as pieces of dead carving in wood or stone, but as
animated beings, and we get an allegory ready-made.

Indeed, on Bartolozzi's book-plate, executed for Sir
Robert Cunliffe, the hypothetical transformation has
actually taken place. There are two angels, who also blow
trumpets, and they are unquestionably portrayed as live
ones. But, inasmuch as live angels do not usually sit on
ledges of sideboards, the engraver has with some judgment
placed beneath them clouds instead. Closer stilt, in Lady
Oxford's plate, we shall remain in actual doubt whether
certain cupids are furniture work or celestial visitants.

Our business now is merely to consider how and when
allegory reached the British book-plate. Since, of course,
before this style permeated to the ex-libris, we may
reason ably conclude that the vogue had taken a certain hold
upon some section of the community. Indeed, about the
year 1730, acres of ceiling frescoes were being done by the
yard,and allegory began to sprawl in all itsdizzy contortions
and aerial foreshortenings on many of the palaces and public
buildings of the period. Sir James Thornhill had just re-
ceived forty shillings a yard for the cupola of St. Paul's and
Greenwich hospital,and twenty-five shillings a yard for the
staircase of the Southsea House and Blenheim, besides em-
bellishing the Princess's apartment at Hampton Court ^ at

' Graphic Illustrations of Hogarth by Samuel Ireland. London
1794, 4to, p. 8;.

38 A Guide to Book-Plates.

a rate not recorded. Vanderbank, Laguerre, and a dozen
others had been daubing away in all directions with much
public applause and great private emolument.

That allegory should, therefore, reach even the English
book-plates, was inevitable. But we must not expect their
allegory to rival the wild riot and exaggeration of French
contemporary specimens. The character of a nation is
reflected even in its ex-libris. The vogue was here at
best an exotic growth. It shot up amazingly for a time.
A foreign court and ladies like the Duchess of Kendal
fostered it. The more phlegmatic Englishman under the
two first Georges, in emulation of his superiors, tried also
to indulge in this pseudo- classical masquerading ; but he
went into the new mode in a timid faint-hearted kind of
way; and perhaps half suspected that he was doing
something ridiculous, when he ordered his engraver to
confide his family escutcheon to the care of Minerva and
to the Delian Phoebus himself.

But worthy George the First probably troubled himself
very little, one way or the other, how engraver John Pine,
whose features remain immortal as the fat friar in ' Calais
gate,'' chose to commemorate his royal munificence to
the University of Cambridge in presenting them with
various tomes, which his Hanoverian majesty would never
have opened himself. Pine, however, was equal to the
occasion, allegory was in fashion, and he produced the
following book-plate.

Munificentia Regia, 1715. — The design represents a vast
structure, rather like an ormolu chimney-piece clock; of
which the arms of the University of Cambridge ^ in a
plain solid frame represent the face. Behind this towers

' J. Ireland. Hogarth Illustr. i. 292. Hogarth also did John
Pine's head in the Rembrandt style,

^ See plate 4, engraved from the second size of this ex-libris, which
does not give Pine's name in full.

A Guide to Book-Plates.

up a vast pyramid ; on which the brick-work is distinctly
marked. As dexter supporter, stands Phcebus Apollo in
person, reaching out a wreath. A clouded sun rays out
behind him. At his feet are deposited samples of the
book collection, of late so munificently bestowed. As
sinister supporter, sits Minerva with helm, spear, and
Gorgon-headed shield. Her feet are wrapt in cloud. In
the centre of the bracket, beneath these gods, is inserted
a medallion portrait of royal George, reading round its
exergue Georgius D.G.. MAG. BR. FR. ET HIB. REX, F.D.
This is flanked by a laurel and a palm branch. Across
the base is J. Pine sc. There are four sizes of this plate ;
on the three smallest Pine merely signs/. P. jc. (Large
size, Mr. Pearson, smaller sizes, W.) A very pompous
piece of work, as our readers will agree.

John Pine subsequently engraved, about 1740, a much
quieter sample of allegory, from a design by Gravelot.
But it is one thing to commemorate a simple Doctor of
Divinity, and another to record the munificence of kings.

J. Burton, D.D. Gravelot inv. J. Pine sculp. Design —
Library shelves half draped by the conventional curtain.
In front, two amorini as supporters to a shield in a plain
sparsely curved frame as in the last book-plate ; Arms — az.,
a fess erm. betw. three talbots' heads erased ar. The dexter
cupid holds an open folio, and looks up across the shield at
the sinister supporter ; who is given in profile, kneeling on
cornice of the shel!-work name-bracket, which completes
the vignette below. This design reversed is appropriated
subsequently by Wad/iam Wyndkam, Esqr.

The charming book-plate of HenriettaCavendish Holies,
Countess of Oxford, is peculiarly valuable as showing the
precise point of transition between the Jacobean and the
allegoric style ; and well illustrates, moreover, how easily
the living allegoric figure sprung from the dead carved

A Guide to the

image of the Jacobean frame. The book-plate gives us, so
to speak, an allegory within an allegory. There is the pic-
ture of Minerva as school- mistress to a college of Amorini.
Then there comes the frame. Two youthful heads which
appear at its sides among the carvings are clearly wooden
ornaments. But how about the Mercury and Archimedes
at the top? Are these carved upholsteries, or waifs and
truants of Minerva's school within ? That the point should
admit of any doubt shows how short the step was from the
Jacobean to the Allegorical book-plate. This ex-libris is
later than Pine's, and therefore we have given his allegories
precedence ; but this plate is, of course, more valuable in
both an historical and artistic aspect.

We should explain that Henrietta, Countess of Oxford,
was the only daughter and sole heiress of John Holies,
last Duke of Newcastle of the Holies Family ; and that
she was wife of Edward, second Earl of Oxford, who
the only son of Robert Harley, first Earl and the famous
minister of Queen Anne. Earl Edward became the
continuator and completer of that famous collection, com-
menced by his father, which is now best known by having
furnished materials for the Harleian Miscellany. This ex-
libris,^ as is recorded thereon in Lady Oxford's handwrit-
ing, was placed in a gift book from her husband. It is
unsigned, but I have stumbled upon its description in a list
of George Vcrtue's Works in Horace Walpole's Catalogue
of Engravers^ who there describes it as a ' plate to put in
Lady Oxford's books.' Vertue spent a good deal of his
time with Lord Oxford, in whom he found a congenial
Maecenas.^ The Peer used to take the engraver with him
on tours about England to sketch the various objects of

' P- 89-

= A Catalogue of Engravers, who have been born or resided in'
England, digested by Horace Walpole, Earl of Orford, from the MSS.
of Mr. George Vertue. London, 8vo, 1794, p. 2zg.

3 The phrase is Walpole's.

Study of Book-Plates.

interest in their route. His patron's death in 1741 seems
to have been a severe loss, in every sense, to George
Vertue. The frontispiece to the Auction Book of the
Harleian Collection was also George Vertue's work.

After this preface let the ex-libris speak for itself —
Henrietta Cavendish Holies (Cownttss of) Oxford and Morti-
mer. Given me by (my Lord, 1730). The last two words
and date are filled in in manuscript. Design — a library
interior, with bookshelves to the ceiling; in the centre an
arched doorway, with Corinthian columns on each side and
the usual curtain and bell-rope draped above. Through the
archway we are shown acharming vista of landscape outside.
We see a straggling country house in a park or pasture, in-
tersected by a river, crossed by a three-arched bridge. Over
the pasture are dotted little spruce round-topped trees, like
those in a child's toy-box. The river winds from a line of
distant hills. In the foreground stands Minerva, sandalled
and helmeted, but unarmed, and with her skirts tucked up.
She is superintending a school of six industrious Cupids.
The most prominent of these is painting in oils, with an
easel before him, and a palette on his thumb. To his
progress the attention of the goddess is chiefly directed.
Another cupid plays the harp, two more sit on the frame
of the design, weaving festoons ; another, also on the frame,
near a celestial globe.'is copying a satyr playing on a flute
under a tree ; which picture cupid the sixth holds up for
him. The whole design is set in a richly ornamented Jaco-
bean frame, with the usual leafy curves and limbs, mingled
with two youthful heads as lateral ornaments; and, below,
palms and festoons apparently of jewels. On the frame
above are seated, right and left, two more cupids as suppor-
ters to a medallion bearing the countess's monogram, above
which is an urn, and below heavy bunches of fruit. The
right cupid is masked in the flowing robes of a philosopher.

44 A Guide to the

one hand holds a plummet, the other an upright writing
slab. The left cupid is attired as Mercury, with petasus
and caduceus complete. These cupids on the frame are
quite as large as those in the picture ; and therefore we
doubt whether they are supposed to be carved wooden
ornaments, or living and moving allegoric existences. The
plate is S J X 3^ in. It is possible that the ex-libris repre-
sents an interior of the Brampton library, and the view
may be one in the Brampton Park. But Welbeck, which
she possessed in her own right, seems to have been espe-
cially Lady Oxford's favourite place, so that the reference
may be to Welbeck. Hither she retired after her Lord's
death, and in its galleries assembled the portraits of her
ancestors to a prodigious number (see plate 7),'

Passing onwards from the allegories of the Harley family,
we are next arrested by a much coarser piece of work.dating
about 1750. This is the plate. — John Duick, Apollo, with a
broad ray effect round his head, playing the lyre to the nine
muses, who are grouped around him; the musical ones also
assist in the concert with various instruments. Below are
clouds, above them appear the abrupt cliffs of Helicon, with
Pegasus launching himself into air therefrom; the fountain,
Hippocrene, tapped by his galloping hoofs, descends the
cliffside in a cascade. Notwell en graved. Weinclinetothink
Mr. John Duick must have been a Dutchman naturalised
in England; and he may have imported to this country a
somewhat foreign taste in the subject of his ex-libris.

Among the designers of ex-libris in the allegorical style,
a mention must be made of William Hogarth. In this
fashion is the plate 'done for the books of John Holland,
herald painter,' which he executed. Design — Minerva
seated, among four Cupids, with a shield bearing — az., a
lion ramp. guar. betw. eight fleur-de-lis ar. The supporter-
' Walpole, lb. 195. I nearly quote his words.

Study of Book-Plates. 45

like female figures right and left of George Lambert's
arms on Hogarth's other most authentic book-plate, are
also tinged with allegory. The decorations of the Arms
of the Duchess of Kendal, of his own, and his sisters'
shopcard, etc., are clearly Jacobean. These were pro-
bably all done before 1725, But the framing of the
separate designs in Industry afid Idleness, published in
1747, seems to be undeveloped and tentative Chippendale.
So that, to some extent, Hogarth worked in each of our
leading styles.

Our next example is about the most strained bit of Eng-
lish book-plate allegory which has come under our notice,
and here also perhaps the foreign extraction of the owner
may, as in the case of John Duick, have tinged his ex-
libris with an unusual violence of motive. The subject, as
it is, might certainly be taken from a ceiling fresco in Mr.
Tulkinghorn'schambers.in Lincoln's InnFields. Fourover-
plumpand under-winged cherubs(amazinglyforeshortened)
soar aloft, triumphantly bearing in mid air the Vansittart
coat of arms. On a spear-headed banner, for the informa-
tion of men and angels, is unfurled the worthy owner's
name, occupation, and address — Robert Vansittart, of
London, Merchant. His motto likewise ascends on a
napkin — Fata via-m invenient. This is pretty well!

In far better taste, and very finely engraved, is the ex-
libris of the celebrated Currer Library. It represents a
hooded sibyl, who, posed in an attitude of study, is poring
over an open tome, at the base of a pyramid. Her right
hand is laid against her cheek, supported by a light wand ;
her left hand leans carelessly upon the volume in her lap.
Her tunic is composed of a light barred oriental fabric. A
caduceus lies at her feet, and the Currer escutcheon rests
against the caduceus, but modestly shrouds from view some
of its charges in the large heavy wreath of berried laurel

A Guide to the

which surrounds the design in an oval. Outside the
vignette, across the base of the plate, is written — E libris
Johls. Currer de Kildwick Arm. The book-plate is un-
signed.' 6 X 4^ in.

In this Yorkshire ex-libris the allegory is managed with
good tact and success. Another example, also from York-
shire, may be contrasted, of which the very opposite can
be asserted. Anything more clumsy or unreal it is difficult
to imagine. Still, the plate is a curiosity, and should be
noticed. SupposeMr.Gascoigne's two sisters tobe masquer-
ading in the Parlington library. Certainly the forms de-
picted are more like two Yorkshire damsels of average looks
than the denizens of Parnassus. The plate reads above, on
a beam of the architecture — -.T. Gascoigtte, Parlington (Co.
York). It represents the interior of a spacious and comfort-
■ ablelibrary. (Such interiors, tho' common abroad.arerareon
English book-plates.) Columns support the roof ; a niched
statue of Minerva appears on the wall. At a table in the j
foreground a muse is seated writing. She is sandalled,
draped in a tunic, and wears a wreath of blossoms. The I
caduceus is here again neighboured with the Gascoigne I
arms on the carpet. The escutcheon bears — ar. on a pale
sa., a conger's head couped of the first, etc. Over the I
shoulder of the muse appears another deity with lyre and
laurel -wreath, whom we provisionally must take for Apollo,
He is singing or dictating to the muse at the table. It is I
altogether a wondrous piece of make-belief The plate is
signed by Hughes, Bond St. (17S0). Mr, Carson,

Of very different calibre are the allegories of Bartolozzi, \
to which we now pass. The first is the book-plate of Sir \
Robert H. Cunliffe, Bart.y in which the CunlifTe escutcheon I
appears in mid air, upon a bank of clouds. Over its upper!

ind spoilt the same \

Study of Book-plates. 47

portion is draped the usual ' property ' curtain. Two
cherubs are in charge of this sky-borne heraldry. The left
one is seated, and has some trouble with the curtain. Our
old friend, the caduceus, occupies his other hand. The
dexter cherub stands bolt upright, and leans against the
shield. To his lips is set a long trumpet ; but, in case of
accidents, a second reserve trumpet rests upon his shoulder.
The engraving is of a charming delicacy. It is signed F.
Bartolozsi fee. 5x5 in. The design is probably Cipriani's,
foT Jean Tommins' book-plate, which is the same in every-
thing but the heraldry, is inscribed Cipriani dell. J. Ford,
sculpt. It is a third time more coarsely reproduced by
Yates for Thomas Anson, Esqr. of Shugborougk, Lord
Lichiield's progenitor. Some more works of Bartolozzi may
follow. The next specimen was probably designed for
George the Third, at the commencement of his reign, by the
' Engraver to his Majesty.'^ The scene is mid air. We have
no clouds, but still the conventional drapery. The royal
arms, as borne by George the Third before the Union, are
upheld by three flying cherubs from below. Another cherub,
flying to the right, poises aloft, with both hands, the kingly
crown. A third cherub, above him, in the attitude of a
tumbler pigeon, has got into an entanglement with the
heavy fringed curtain, which they have so needlessly taken
up with them. On the left side, leaning back upon the
top of the escutcheon, is Fame, broad-winged and some-
what of the Dutch type of beauty, the usual long trumpet
is set to her lips and her cheeks are puffed out for a so-
norous blast. Her whole weight is swung back upon the
shield, regardless of the three already over-weighted small
cherubs beneath it. The entire group is quite one for a
ceiling fresco, and may be compared with the Vansittart
plate. It is signed F. Bartolozzi inv. sculp. 'j\ x 8J in.

t p. 48, where Bartolozzi so describes

A Guide to the

The next plate is still highly allegoric, and by the same
charming engraver, but in quite another mood. The scene
represents a square-built and picturesquely ruinous altar of
stone. Greensward surrounds its base, and wild herbs and
rose stems are intermingled ; the altar {or perhaps the mo-
nument) is placed on a promontory above the sea, and a.
distant coast line (Spain?) and ships are seen afar. On the
altar itself, is a censer fuming, and two votive wreaths. In
the foreground, a lovely female genius, winged and half
undraped, is kneeling with mallet and chisel. A cupid,
nestled against her, points to a name, which she has
newly cut upon the altar-face. D. Isabel de Menezes. The
plate is signed i^, Vieira Portoensis invt. F. Bartolozsi,R.A,,
Engraver to kis Majesty. jEtatis 71, an. 1798, 2^x4 in.

This is rather too sombre a design for an ex-libris, and
may be the memorial card of some Spanish lady, who died
in England. It is often difficult to say dogmatically among
such engravings of Bartolozzi, which are and which are
not book-plates. Moreover, in his day, it was the fashion
for people of taste to have illustrated visiting cards,
which doubtless did duty also as ex-libris. The next
example was likely enough employed by its owner in
both capacities. It belonged to Henrietta Frances,
Countess of Bessborough, wife to John, the third Earl.

Design — A Roman interior. Venus seated on a chair of
classical ornamentation. Behind her a vase of flowers.
She is holding in one hand a burning censer, in the other
a dove. Two cupids, one floating in air, the other just
soaring from the pavement, wave above her a long scarf
inscribed H. F. Bessborough. The plate is signed thus —
C. B. Cipriani inv. F. Bartolozzi sculp. 1796, R.A., and
again Published Deer. 30, 1796, by F. Bartolozzi. Mr.
Ponsonby's Collection,
Now this protective formulaofpublication is most unusual

Study of Book-Plates. 49

on a book-plate ; for this reason, that the piracy of private
ex-libris designs was too insignificant and unremunerative
to require such a safeguard. The publisher's name first
began to be placed on engravings in 1735, in accordance
with an Act of Parliament, chiefly passed at Hogarth's*
instigation, to secure the copyright in such prints to their
designer. In 1796 the illustrations to books all bore this
formula. For instance, the Frontispiece to Vol. III. of the
Lad;/ s Pocket Magazine, 1796, is a wild piece of allegory
— Europe Protecting Britannia from the Demons of Discord,
and this reads Published by Harrison & Co., Feb. i, 1796.
Likely enough, Lady Bessborough's plate first did service
in some such serial ; and was afterwards converted by a
name inscription across the scarf to her more special
private use. Still, Bartolozzi's work was then, as now,
so popular, that he may have found it worth his while to
place even his book-plates and visiting-cards under the
protection of the Act.* Our catalogue of allegoric ex-
libris may conclude with a batch of less important
examples very succinctly described.

Charles Hoare and Joshua Scrope have one design.
Winged cherubs hoist their respective arms to the top of
a very tall bookcase. The last plate is signed C. & A.
Paas, S3, Holborn. Wm. Mitford of Pitt's Hill, a cherub
among clouds with an escutcheon, engraved by Sherwin.
Thomas Birch is really quaint, Minerva seated has
charge of the shield ; to whom enter a cherub flying in

' E George II. Chap. 38. The Act vested an exclusive right in
their works in designers and engravers, and restrained the mullipli-
cation oE copies without their consent. On the 'gratitude' print,
published by Hogarth on the passing of the Act, he states it to have
been 'obtained by his endeavours and almost at his sole expence.'
NickolPs Biographical Anecdotes, 2nd Ed., 1782, p. 34.

' 1 have seen Miss Callender's card by Bartoloizi appropriated.

Gtiide to Book-Plates.

with the missing crests Vemey Lovett. Trin. Coll. Cant.,
is in the dotted style, struck off in red, by W. Henshaw.
A genius, laurel-wreathed, reclining on a cloud bank, with
widely outspread wings, simpers complacently over the
Lovett insignia. W. F. Gason, Clare Hall, Camb., is also
signed by W. Henshaw. Minerva stands in a landscape,
with trees behind her. Before her is an altar, which
bears the Gason arms. In the air a flying cherub,
trumpeting, and waving a scroll with the Gason name
and address, as given above. In execution very inferior
to the last.

The reader will by this time have gained a fair idea of
this curious vogue of representing things as they are not.
We recommend him to study the French book-plates of
the seventeenth century, if he wishes to see combinations
yet more fantastic. The century of the vignette was the
heyday of the ex-libris.^ And a leading authority^
explains that the whole personnel of Olympus, clouds,
powers, thunderbolts, cherubins, glories, suns, were in
France at that epoch pressed into book-plate requisition.
We have nothing on our side the channel to match with
this, but even in sober England the allegoric vogue ran
its day, and, among the various styles of English ex-libris,
it cannot be denied a notice.

' Compare above the description of John Holland's book-plate by
Hogarth,

^ ' Le xviii sifecle, " le sitcle de la vignette " comme Ton dit Mm. de
Goncourt est par excellence, le bon temps des ex libris.' M. Toumeux
I Amateur ^autograpkes. Nos. 214— 215, p. 6i (Avril 1872.)

* P. Poulet-Malassis, p. z3.

Gilbert Wakefield, who passed his life in a good
deal of controversial hot water, had engraved about 1780
a pretty wood scene, in which a thirsty stag is drinking
at a river, with this motto in Greek, Truth and Freedom.
There was no kind of heraldry about the plate, which
made it at that period all the more exceptional, A
certain amount of allegory the design doubtless contains ;
but the important point is this, — we have before us one of
the earliest purely landscape book-plates in our national
series. Let this example, therefore, introduce our chapter
on a new phase of book-plate art.

Now, no names are more intimately associated with the
vignette landscape than those of the Brothers Bewick ; and
this chapter might, if we chose, be illustrated solely by
book-plates of their workmanship. Very charming are their
ex-libris vignettes. They show us ruins, rocks, deep foli-
age, or time-corroded boles, flowing river, distant spire
and mountain. They give actual Tyne-side scenes,
views of Newcastle, St. Nicholas's Tower, Jarrow Church.
Unluckily, the armorial shield is far too often present,
intruding itself into fishing scenes and similar incongruous
situations. But for this the orderer of the book-plate rather
than the engraver was to blame. Of course, the Bewicks
^applied the landscape vignette to many other pictorial

52 A Guide to the

purposes beside the ex-libris. But a goodly number of
bon&'fide book-plates in this style of their engraving
survive ; so numerous, indeed, are these examples, that
we intend, space permitting, to revert to them specially
hereafter.

The earliest dated Bewick book-plate is that of T, Bell,
1797, a date which shows that the Bewicks followed rather
than originated a taste and style already popular, which
they afterwards brought to such perfection. It is from
the works of their less-known predecessors and contem-
poraries that the examples in this chapter will be taken.

Now of the landscape book-plate. This was rather the
lineal descendant of the Chippendale than of the Jacobean
style. The last expanded into allegory by giving life to
its decorative images and busts. The Chippendale deco-
ration developed into landscape by adding to the free
flowers of the frame the fields and lands whence such
blossoms had come. But the change did not take place
abruptly, cr per saltum. Take, to prove this, three transi-
tional or composite book-plates, on which landscape is
associated with the earlier fashions. Allegory and Chip-
pendale, which it soon supplanted altogether.

In the Tanrego, Pyotl, and Burrow book-plates the fu-
sion of styles and arrangement of the vignette are precisely
similar. The foreground of the design is blocked by a
gigantic coat of arms framed in the later Chippendale
fashion. There is a bracket below, and distinct from the
frame ; on this is the name, and on its ledge various im-
plements. Behind the shield-frame, left and right, appears
a distinct background of landscape; but the sky interval,
between the top of the frame and the upper border of the
plate, is common to both landscapes, and divided by no
line of partition. Middle distance there is none, as the
bracket rises high enough to conceal that portion of the
design from view.

Study of Book-Plates.

The first plate belongs to a school. It reads — Tanrego
in the County of Sligo, I7[86],^ dated. Scholastic imple-
ments crowd the upper portion of the bracket. In its lower
left corner a diminutive Minerva is seated. Her helm is
plumed, her owl is at her side. She is pointing upwards
at the motto of the school, Minerva Duce, which swings on a
scroll among all the paraphernalia of learning. The goddess
sits just under the school telescope, which considerably
exceeds her in length. In the background, to the right, a
Greek temple rises from the sea on a wooded promontory ;
perhaps Sunium is meant. To the left are pyramids and
the desert. In the heaven above, a sun with ray effect and
a fragment of the zodiacal belt Signed, /. Taylor sculpt.
Take next a book-plate of the Pyott family. Pietatis
Aviator. Ed. Bramston sculp. Arranged as the Tanrego
ex-libris. Right background gives a sea view. Vessels
are riding at anchor off a small fort, over which a flag
flies. A very violent ray effect on the horizon. The left
background depicts a land view. There are columns and
a ruined arch. An obelisk with a horse-trough. Two
shepherds in colloquy, with crooks.

Last comes the plate of Edwd. Burrow, which, though
unsigned, must be also by Bramston. The general style
and disposition as before. Right background, a sea fort,
and a ship at anchor before it. Left background, another
sea view. A ship, much larger than the first, and a fishing
town on the horizon. A most awkward effect is produced
by the inequality of the horizon line in each distinct vi-
gnette. In these three book-plates the landscape is clearly
subsidiary to the Chippendale decoration. These vignette
background views are merely added to finish off the
flowers and flourishes of the frame. Note the date of the

, Tanrego, 1786: for, as we take it, we shall get few later

rChippendale specimens.

' The figures in brackets are in MS.

A Guide to the

In the next book-plate — we select typical instances — a
step onwards is made. The landscape has here become
the most important ingredient in the design. Chippendal-
ism has disappeared, and we hear no more of it during the
present chapter. Allegory will still linger, but it will be
subordinate. We have thus reached a class of book-plates
in direct continuity with those of the Bewicks. In fact,
we shall now enumerate some eight typical landscape
ex-libris, selecting purposely those signed by engravers.
And we may regard their designers, without much violence
to probability, as the predecessors of Thomas Bewick,
though perhaps one or two of the names ought more
strictly speaking to be called his contemporaries.

We begin with Peter Muilman, King Street, London, and
Kirby Hall, Castle Hedingham, Essex. Terry sculp.. Pater-
noster Row. Design — a wooded lawn with ruins. In the
foreground two cupids,one raising theMuilman escutcheon,
which rests upon the sward, the other bears aloft the family
wreath and crest. A pretty bordering of shrubs and turf
occupies the base of the design. 5x3^ in. Take also
this plate, Wm. Bennet, Henshawsc. — A shield swung upon
a branch of a broken oak. A cupid wreathing the arms in
festoon. Sward, bushes, and rock in foreground. Nicely
designed. The next is more elaborate, but far inferior.
Anon. Vero Nihil Verius. Minerva (very large), with her
owl, seated on a rocky bank. Vistas of pasture fields and
hedgerows in the background. The perspective faulty.
In right corner Wells del. sculp. After the above examples
the trace of allegory disappears. Here is a batch of analo-
gous landscape book-plates. James Sheppard, Wells sculp.
An armorial shield suspended by a ribbon on an oak bole.
Iris leaves and a pond adjoining ; hedgerows, a town, and
low hilly slopes beyond. T. W. Greene, Lichfield. Pye sculp.,
£irw(ingham). — The shield, oval-shaped, is rather thomily

Study of Book-Plates. 55

deposited in a bramble bush on a promontory against an
oak, broken off short, as usual. Opposite grows a thistle,
very carefully rendered. An arm of the river winds in,
across which are discerned the three spires and one tower
of Lichfield.

William Bentham, Lincoln's Inn. An escutcheon swung
by a strap round the bole of a giant oak. On the strap,
Virtus invicta gloriosa. In the background a lake and a
dome-roofed pavilion with a portico. W. Sherwin sculp.
This cannot date after 1780. It is therefore before
Bewick ; and though the touch is very different, the
arrangement of the details are quite in his manner.

Johannes Symmons Arm. F. Sansom del. ei scalp. — This
is a curious piate. A beech-tree, stunted but complete,
occupies the central foreground. Against its bole rests the
Symmons shield very insecurely. To the right it is flanked
by a tall floweringplant of exotic growth, in a garden -pot,
with leaves like the india-rubber. To left rises a holyhock
in full bloom. A woody lawn appears behind with massed
boles and foliage beyond. James Laky. Ovenden, Butcher
Row, set. — The usual broken oak, with shield, eagle-crest,
wind-floated motto scroll, and plumed helm. A background
of mountain lines very slightly indicated. Printed in red.
And take last an example in which both allegory and
heraldry are omitted, and we have a landscape book-plate
pure and simple. Joseph Priestley. Allen set., Birming".
— Design — a mountain spring trickling into a basin below,
with flags, plantain, and ferns growing around it. A charm-
ing vignette. James Yates, who edited the Doctor's col-
lected works, afterwards used the same book-plate. At
Birmingham many of Priestley's writings were published.
At this point we should arrive at the consideration of
the ex-libris of the Bewicks ; but we shall treat of these
in a chapter apart, space permitting. We may, however.

56 A Guide to Book-Plates.

here instance several ex-libris by artists more or less im-
mediately connected with the great Newcastle engravers.

The first is engraved on copper by Ralph Beilby, Thomas
Bewick's partner. /. Brand, A.B., F.S.A., Coll, Line. Oxon.
An extensive Gothic ruin, with shafts and broken archways.
Turf and shrubs, and tufts of sedges, spread around. An
oak-tree, broken, of course, in the foreground. Against
which is an altar-like slab with the inscription. Behind,
across foliage, the steeple of St. Nicholas's Church, so
commonly recurrent on Bewick ex-libris. Signed in left
corner R.B. Mr. Hugo states' that Bewick borrowed
the idea of the Adamson book-plate from this design.-

Quite of the Bewick school is the next example by/.
Bailey. There is, however, an over-elaboration, of which
Thomas Bewick was seldom guilty. Geo. Allan, Darling-
ton, engraved by J. Bailey. — The foreground is occupied by
a Roman inscribed altar, near which are piled charters,
deeds, bows, arrows, horns, an armorial shield. These are
all strewn upon the grass. In the middle distance rises a
ruined cathedral. A modern spired church and a village
appear behind. Thos. Crawliall, Allenheads, No. — Carved
on a rock-face, a spring behind. Varied foliage above. A
field view to left, in the distance. Quite in Bewick's manner.
The plate is unsigned. H. Stamford &■ Lite (sic) 179(0),
the conclusion of the date is masked by the foliage. This
is placed on an antique altar, bearing a sculptured urn. A
deadtreeand boulderinforeground. Woodland behind, and
boughs above. Bewick designed a plate forH. Stamford,
but the description will not fit this one. It does not seem
by him ; but is boldly and rather well engraved. Both this
and the last are on copper. Let us take another curious

' Bewick Collector, p. 306.

* Ralph Beilby executed another book-plate for Thos. iVentworth,
Brelton Hall, Yorkshire, 1789, dated.

A Guide to Book-Plates.

instance in a thin wire-drawn style of engraving. Philip
Taylor. Design — Two lean unnatural trees, right and left,
occupy the foreground, the exact pendents of each other.
Woven from the branches of one to those of the other is a
scroll, reading, ScientiA beaii sumus. A long flat prospect
of pasture behind. To extreme right a windmill. To
extreme left a cottage, with smoke from the chimney. A
quaint little plate of about 1790, with a distinct manner —
though not a good one— of its own.

We may conclude this rapid survey of the English land-
scape book-plates by just noticing a few post-Bewickian
examples in this vogue, confining ourselves chiefly to
signed ex-libris. Michael Smith Esq., W. Esdall del', et
sculp'. The broken oak, escutcheon, globe, caduceus, cor-
nucopia, etc., in foreground. W. B. Charley, Liverpool on
a ruined brick wall. Foliage above. Inscribed slab in the
grass. Gothic ruin behind. A Bewick imitation, signed,
Bonner sc. The next is more servilely copied still. /. H.
Fryer. Lambert sc. on a rock slab, foliage and the broken
tree above. A river-side scene and water-mill beyond.
But our last specimen is a lovely vignette of great delicacy,
quite free from the Bewick influence, and with no heraldic
adjunct. James Hews Bransby, Breve etirreparabiU tempus,
signed J. Scott. The foreground gives us the furrows of a
newly turned up field. Among these, a sower is scattering
seed from his bag. Further off, a ploughboy is driving his
team, the horses being, for contrast, black and white. A
cottage in a tuft of trees, and the escarpment of a down,
seen shadowed against a stormy sky, complete an exqui-
site picture, well worthy to close our selected series of
landscape ex-libris.

It may be convenient to present to the reader at a glance
the names of some engravers of the landscape book-plates.
I Earliest come W. Sherwin, Ed. Bramston, J. Taylor, and

A Guide to the

Terry. Except Sherwin, there is an admixture of allegory
or Chtppendalism in the designs of the other three. Then
follow Henshaw and Wells, still combining landscape with
allegory. These last are landscape designers, merely pre-
serving the heraldic element, Pye, Birmingham ; Ovenden,
Butcher Row ; F. Sansom ; Allen, Birmingham. The last
omits the heraldry. In connection with the Bewicks come
R. Beiiby and J. Bailey. After the Bewicks, W. Esdall,
Bonner, Audinet, Lambert, J. Scott. The ruck of these
book-plates date from 1780 to 1810.

We have thus traced the succession and order in which
five distinct decorative fashions arose, and are illustrated
by the English book-plate. We have selected, for want of
space, only a few typical examples of each leading vogue.
We have shown that, with very few exceptions, heraldry
was always present in combination with each and all of the
five. It combined well with the Jacobean or Chippendale
fashions. It combined but poorly with allegory, and with
landscape worst of all. The Jacobean book-plates are not
beautiful ; but they have a cachet of their own, and arc
seldom vulgar. The Chippendale ex-libris are often ex-
tremely graceful, and as a decorative fashion, this may
be considered both original and successful. With respect
to allegory, we can only regard it here as an exotic growth,
fostered by foreign influences; but the landscape book-
plate is thoroughly and nationally our own. How great is
Thomas Bewick when unweighted by the cumbrous her-
aldry of his patron for the time being ! — how charming are
his episodes of woodland and gliding stream I And even
in the presence of Bewick, Wakefield's drinking stag, Priest-
ley's fountain spring, and Bransby's sowing scene are
worthy to be commemorated. Moral teaching, doubtless,
was intended in all three, and this quiet allegory of nature
was here an endemic growth. While the Mercuries and

Study of Book-Plates.

Minervas, the sprawling angels and cheek-puffed Fames,
represented merely a spurious courtly sentimeatalism, that
might be typified by Chesterfield masquerading in the
mantle and vine leaves of Theocritus.

ENGLISH DATED BOOK-PLATES.

SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.

It will be observed that throughout this essay great
prominence is given to book-plates which bear dates.^ It
is submitted, that an cx-!ibris so inscribed with the year of
its engraving becomes by that addition thrice as valuable
to the historian, to the antiquary, to the collector. Added
to this, it is at present very imperfectly known what
materials really survive for a history of our earlier English
book-plates. It has therefore been deemed best to en-
deavour to commence a record of our dated English
book-plates in the first instance ; and to make the surer
ground, which such a list will supply, a starting-point for
tracing upwards and assigning to their respective periods
our more antique and undated book-plates hereafter.
That some few of these last are indeed older than the
Restoration is highly probable ; but, as I have hitherto
met with none that are certainly older, and certainly book-
plates, their age will not here be insisted upon.

The general antiquary will be surprised to learn that we
have as yet no English book-plate with a date to record
earlier than the Restoration, We have full confidence that
earlier specimens will come to light, when the inner covers
of the libraries of our old country houses shall have been
properly searched. There will be a Lamport yet in store
' That is to say engraved dales, not manuscript ones.

A Guide to Book-Plates.

«3

for the ex-librist of the future. Meantime, we must
arrange such imperfect records as we possess.

Our first specimen will prove that even engraved dates
are in a few cases themselves misleading. In this, and
the following instances, the inscriptional portion of the
plate is copied first in italics, and is given letter for letter ;
old spellings and archaisms being sedulously preserved. In
such book-plates as I have had no opportunity of inspect-
ing, or which I could only see hurriedly, the descriptions
are given, of course, shortly and often imperfectly. Some
half-dozen components of the ensuing list, entered as my
own, were acquired so late that I had only space to work
in their inscriptions without their heraldry.

The reader must be warned not to expect rigid heraldic
accuracy in these ex-libris. Their engravers seem to have
been on these points often careless enough. Frequent
mistakes occur in rendering the tinctures, and in some
minor armorial niceties. It may be pleaded in extenuation,
that the space upon a book-plate is often too limited to
admit of the engraver setting forth a coat of arms with all
the details, which accompany its description in an heraldic
work ; especially those relating to the crest, and (when
they are present) to the supporters. No doubt, many of
the owners of these book-plates had not knowledge
enough themselves to exercise any supervision of the
design, which was tendered to them, of their own arms.

"FXiSsT—Sr. Francis Fust of Hill Cottrt in the County of
Gloucester, Baronet. Created zist August 1662. The 14
year of King Charles 2d} No. (left blank for the book).
Arms — Ar. on a chevron betw. three woodbills, paleways,
sa, as many mullets pierced of the first. Quartering

' In this case, as in others when I have access to the ex-liiris, the
inscriptional part is copied exactly. ' 14 year' and '2d' are thus
reproduced.

64 A Guide to the

Boynton, Mannock, Spring, Bancroft, BedingHeld, and
numerous others.

Crest — A horse in full speed, ar. Mottoes above the crest
— Swift and True ; and below the arms — Tcrrena per vices
sunt aliena. Above the right side of the shield is written
Mariages (sic) in the male line, of which the quarterings are
given and the names over-inscribed to the number of
twenty. Above the left side of shield is read Mariages in
the female line, which follow in like manner to the number
of twenty also. Above the shield are two brackets, left and
right, against which the mantling is outspread ; these are
lattice-worked within and have outer slightly ornamented
frames, bearing dishes of fruit and sun-flowers. Above
the fruit hang square festoons of flowers. The motto and
inscription scrolls are richly foliated. 6J x 3| in. W.

After some debate, it has been deemed best to notice this
remarkable book-plate under its ostensible date, but it was
really engraved long after. The inscription is ambiguous
and would seem to infer that Sir Francis Fust was the first
Baronet, and that he had been created one in 1662. Now
the facts are these. Sir Edward Fust it was, who soon
after the Restoration, was raised to that dignity. Of Sir
Francis Fust we hear nothing tilt times far more recent.
This Sir Francis, on September 28, 1724, married Fanny,
daughter of Nicholas Tooker, Merchant of Bristol. On a
smaller undated book-plate, which exists, this same Sir
Francis only gives his own marriage ; and on the ex-libris
under notice the last coat, except Fust, which is repeated,
on the side of the 'Mariages in the Male Line,' will be
found to be Tooker, therefore our apparent book-plate of
1662 must be postdated to 1724.*

' These incongruities are detected by the Rev. D. Parsons, Notes
A- Queries, 5th, S. V. 65. See also Burke's Extinct Baronetcies,
iS4i,p. 211.

Study of Book-Plates.

The next is a very simple and business-like book-plate

n the writer's collection : —

Hill — No. xxvUi.

D.& C. Place. Shelf 1.

Francisci Hil

et amicorum

anno domini \^6s

Pretium

m Augt. ims.

The MS. portions of this ex-libris are printed in Italics.
The rest in small capitals. The original is composed of
movable types ; hence, this early book-plate is not an
engraved but a purely typographical specimen. In the
first statement of the date, the 16 is printed, the 68 being
filled in in MS. In the second statement, the date is
purely manuscript. It cannot be too often repeated, that
dates in manuscript on ex-libris are not here considered,
as entitling a book-plate to rank in our dated series. It
is merely the 16 in type that enables me to record the
book-plate of Francis Hill as one bearing a date in the
seventeenth century.

Nicholson. — Gilbert Nicholson, of Balratk in the
County of Meath, Esqr., 1669.

Arms — Erm. on a pale sa. three martlets arg. Crest —
A tiger sejant bezant^e,' the neck transpierced by a
javelin, all ppr. Motto — Pro Republica. Mr, Carson,

The mantling is very voluminous, curling upwards as
well as downwards. The shield itself is set in an inner
foliated frame ; this is very rarely the case, Two unusual
rose-like twists occur under the helmet, which are portions
of this frame. There is a motto scroll, but no bracket for
the inscription, which is simply written across the base of
the plate without any scroll, bracket, or border to contain it.^

^ These may be plates, their tincture is dubious.

* There is another copy of this ex-libris identical in all but small
details, but clearly from a distinct copper plate.

A Guide to the

Clayton. — Sr. Robert Clayton, of the City of London,
Knigkt, Alderman & Mayor thereof, Ao. i6jg. Arms —
Ar., a cross sa. betw. four pellets. Crest — On a mural
crown a leopard's gamb erect, ar, grasping a pellet.
Motto — (none). Fine rounded foliated mantling to the
base of the escutcheon on each side. The inscription
on a plain scroll below the arms. No intermediate motto
scroll. W., and Mr. Peckett's collection.

Here, as in some parallel cases, the date of Sir Robert's
office is recorded as the main fact in his life, but the
plate was probably not engraved till some years after.
Sir Robert was the wealthiest city merchant of his time,
and only second to the earlier Gresham in civic import-
ance. He had a magnificent house in the Old Jewry, and
a wonderful villa at Marden in Surrey. He represented
the City for 30 years in Parliament, and was a munificent
benefactor to Christ's Hospital and other London Institu-
tions. He got into political trouble by opposing James
the 2nd, and he is mentioned in Dryden's Absalom and
Achitophel (Part H.) under the name of Ishban,
'Who'd een turn loyat to be made 3 peer.'
On the arrival of William of Orange, he rode out to
Henley to present the city address. There is an amaz-
ingly pompous tomb of Sir Robert and his wife at the
Church of St. Mary at Bletchingly. This be seems very
prudently to have put up for himself in his own lifetime.
He sleeps under a lofty canopy in his robes as Lord Mayor.
Lady Clayton stands beside him with a motto Quando
ullum invenietparem. Weeping Cherubs complete the group.

Inasmuch as a gap of nineteen years will here ensue
before our next dated book-plate, we arc forced to consider
these four preceding examples as ' outliers ' in the English
series. But from 1698 the reader will be presented with
a continuous series of dated book-plates, year by year,
until the conclusion of Queen Anne's reign in 17 14.

Stitdy of Book-Plates.

There is a strong family likeness between the ex-libris,
which follow, of the conclusion of William's reign and the
firsthalf of Anne's. They might indeed be the work almost
of one single engraver. So easily recognisable is the style
of this period that many undated book-plates may in full
confidence be ascribed thereto. But with these, of course,
we have at present no concern.

The heraldic arrangement is usually this — A plain escut-
cheon, surmounted by a helmet ; ^ on this the wreath and
crest. From the helmet is outspread to each side, upwards,
usually to a level with the top of the crest, and downwards
to a line with the base of the shield, a voluminously rolled
and foliated mantling. Below the shield comes a narrow
scroll for the motto (in some book-plates empty) ; and, last
of all, a separate, much broader bracket for the inscription,
with usually waved or indented edges.

In their arrangement the coming book-plates are so
closely analogous that it may be useful to direct the reader's
attention to some minor points of contrast between them.
A knowledge of heraldic art at this period may prove useful
in dating earlier specimens. The margin of the escutcheon
is indented. (Percival, 1702.) It is nearly always plain.

The escutcheon has a separate inner frame of its own,
distinct from the mantling. (Nicholson, Kent, 1713.)
This is very unusual.

The motto scroll appears, but is left empty. (Bennett,
Buckby, Foley, Lovelace, Hanmer, Parker, Ward.)

The motto scroll is absent altogether. (Cook, 1701,
Englefield, Gwyn.) The usual indented name-bracket is
changed into a fringed cloth. (Buckby, Eyre, Leicester,
Parker, Roxburghe, Turnour.)

' Varied, of course, for Knight, or Baronet, and Peer, If a coronet
appears, it rests immediately on the shield, and the helmet issues
out of it. The helmet continues on the book-plates of peers till
about 1780.

68 A Guide to the

The motto scroll bears the date. (Northey, Harmgton.)
This usually occurs after the name on the name-bracket.
The name-bracket has its lateral margins foliated, not
indented or plain. (Byerley, Ketelby, James Bertie,
Holbech, Newdegate).

The mantlings show a distinct inner, hatched sable
lining. (Bennet, Butler, Cooke, Eyre, Nicholas, Page,
Fielding.)

The mantlings show only their outer sides. (Hanmer,
Gwyn, etc. etc.)

These ex-libris are anomalous and do not conform to
the normal arrangement. (Knatchbull, Lynch, Straffordj
Kent, 1712.) The two last have Jacobean brackets.

The dated college book-plates are also quite apart
in their arrangement and ornamentation. Scale-work
frames, with hawk-bells in festoons, ribbons, tufts of palm,
scallop shells, cherub's heads, etc., are here prevalent.
The crest and mantling being absent, their void has to
be supplied by some other decoration. They are nearly
all in the Jacobean style.

The caK^iKwowj series of English dated book-plates com-
mences with Simon Scroope, of Danby.

SCROOPE. — Simon Scroope, of Danby super Yore, in Com.
Ebor, Esq., 1698. (The 28 quarterings, beginning with
Scroope, and ending therewith, follow, enumerated on the
same scroll.) Arms — Quarterly, first, az. a bend or. (and
27 other quarterings). Crest~QM\. of a ducal coronet
gu. (?) a plume of feathers ar. Supporters— Two Cornish
Choughs sa. Motto — Devant si je puis. Mantling only to
the base of helmet. Inscription scroll slightly foliated.
Above it a motto scroll plain. Mr. Peckett's collection.
About 9^ X 7i inches. A fine book-plate.

Englefield. — Sir Charles Englefield, of Englefield, in
the County of Berks., Baronet, 1698. Arms — Barry of six

Study of Book-Plaies, 69

, gu. and ar. on a chief or, a lion pass. az. Crest — An eagle
I disp. per pale az. and gu, W. No motto or motto scroll,
I Cavendish. — Cavmdo Tutus as motto of the Cavendish
Family, No other inscription except the date, 1698. Arms
— Sa. three stags' heads cabossed, ar. ; impaling, erm. a fess
cngr. gu. betw. three fire-balls inflamed sa. Crest — a snake
nowed, ppr. Motto — (as above). Mr. Ponsonby.

^K'zy .— The Right Honourable Thomas Wentwortk Baron
of Raby, and Colonell of his Maiesties owne Royall Reg", of

Arms — Sa, a chev, betw. three leopards' faces or. Crest
—A griffin pass. ar. Supporters — Dexter, a griffin ar. ;
sinister, a lion or. Motto — En Dieu est tout. W., Mr.
Carson, and Mr. Martin.

The mantling very voluminous. See the book-plate of
the same person as Earl of Strafford under the year 1712.

GwYN. — Francis Givyn, of Lansanor, in the County of
Glamorgan, And of Ford-Abby, in the County of Devon,
Es^. 1698.

Arms — Quarterly, first, per pale az. and gu. three lions
ramp, ar, (and eleven other quarterings). Crest — A lion
ramp. ar. (motto and motto scroll none). W. SjX4j in.

Very elaborate, intricately foliated, inter vol ved mantling,
in style like Nicholson of Balrath's plate. The lowest point
of the mantling on each side ends in a tassel. Name scroll
indented. On a smaller plate (3JX 3 in.), the above in-
scription is repeated. The arms are also simpler. No
tassels to the mantling. Name scroll as above. W.

Sydenham. — Sir Philip Sydenham Bart, of Brympton,
in Somerset and M.A. of the University of Cambridge.
jEta. su<e 23, 1699. Arms — Ar, three rams pass. sa.
Motto — Medio tutissimus. Mantling widespread, stiffly
foliated. Mr. Martin.

Sydenham, — Sir Philip Sydenham, etc., 1699. Arms

A Guide to Book-Plates.

and inscription as above, but the design is quite different,
consisting of a square pile of books in three tiers (com-
pare Wm. Hewer) ; the scroll in the centre does duty as
armorial shield. The motto is written on the upper
margin, and the inscription is placed upon an uprolled
portion of this scroll at its base. Mr. Martin.

Hewer, — Wm. Hewer, of Clapham, in the County of
Surry (sic), Esq^., 1699.

Not heraldic. Design — a square pile of books, built up
in three tiers ; at the top, deeds and charters. Across
the centre of the pile an unfolded scroll hangs with
Wm. Hewer's monogram ; below, also upon a scroll, is
the date. W.

This is the William Hewer of Samuel Pepys, the diarist

This specimen concludes our dated book-plates of the
seventeenth century. They belong to eleven individuals,
but several of these have left more than one book-plate.
All, except Wm. Hewer, Sydenham, and Francis Hill,
adopt heraldic designs. The number of dated English
ex-libris in this century is very small, ^

' SiQce the above went to press, I have added in this century
Aubrey— 5'yoA« Aubrey of Lantrithyd in the County of Glamorgan
Baronet and of Boarestallin the County of Bucks, 1698. W. BROWN-
LOWE^Sir William Broivnlowe of Belton in the County of Lincoln,
Baronet, 1698. Mr. Peckett.

^Mmmm.

DATED BOOK-PLATES OF THE
EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.

Dated ex-libris begin now to thicken upon us. Indeed,
the number existing of the years 1702 and 1703 is very re-
markable. It seems convenient to begin a new chapter
with the commencement of a new century, but there is no
perceptible difference in the art of the specimens, that
follow, from those already enumerated.

We commence with some College book-plates. It is
curious that these should be absent as yet from our
earlier list.

1700.1

Trinity Hall, Cambridge.— Cf/Z^^/aw; sive Aula S.
S'. Trinilalis in Academid Cantabrigiensi, 1700. Arms —
Sa. a crescent erm. within a bordure engr. of the last ; (no
crest, tho' the Hall has one) escutcheon set in the Jacobean
scale-patterned frame decked round with ribbons, festoons,
etc. Inscription on an indented bracket (Franks).

Pembroke Hall, Cambridge. — Collegium sive Aula
Maria de Valentid cotnmuniter nuncupata Pembroke Hall,
in Academid Cantabrigiensi, ITXi. C. Arms — Barry of
sixteen ar. and az. over all five martlets in pale gu. ; im-
paling, vair, two pallets gu. on a chief or, a label of three
points throughout az, (the arms of Valence and Chastillion).
In a finely worked Jacobean scale-lined framewith festoons,
branches, ribbons, etc, very similar to the last.

' The ' 1700' book-plates should be in the preceding chapter.

A Guide to Book-Plates.

Anonymous. — Dated 1700 — no other inscription.
Arms — Quarterly of six ; first, barry of eight gu. and ar. ;
second, az. semi5e of fleur-de-lis ar., in chief a label ; third,
az. a cross crosslet cantoned with four crosses or (and
three other quarterings). Crest — An eagle, wings ex-
panded, issuing from a ducal crown, or. Finely mantled
to base of escutcheon. C.

Rogers. — William Rogers of Dowdeswell in the County
of Glocester, Esg"., 1700. C.

Arms — Ar. a mullet sa. ; on a chief gu. a fleur-de-lis
per pale, or and sa. Crest — A fleur-de-lis, per pale, or
and sa. Motto — (none). A fine large book-plate.

1701.

Cooke. — John Cooke of the Inner Temple, London, Esq.,
Cheife Protkonotary of the Court of Comon Please, (sic)
Westminster, 1701. W.

Arms — Paly ofsixjgu.andsa.three eagles displayed arg.;
over all, on an escutcheon of pretence, the arms of Warren.
Crest — A swan, per pale,gu. and sa.wings expanded,ducally
crowned, or. (Motto and motto scroll absent.)

Corpus College, Cambridge. — Collegium Corporis
Christi et B. Virginis Mari<E in Universitate Cantahrigiensi,
1701. C.

Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, gu. a pelican in her
piety ppr., second and third, az. three fleur-de-lis ar. No
motto. Encased in a tasteful Jacobean scale-covered
frame, with festoons, branches, etc. Part of the inscription
is in cursive hand, part in capitals.

Coke. — Cary {sic) Coke, Wife of Edward Coke of Norfolk,
Esq'., 1701. P., & N. & Q. 6th S. i. 198.

Mason. — Dame Anna Margaretta Mason Relict of Sir
Richard Mason K'., late Clerks Comtroler isic) of the Green
Cloath (sic) to King Charles and King fames the Second,
1701.

A Guide to Book-Plates.

Arms—Kx. a Hon ramp. az. ; impaling sa. a lion ramp.
betw. eight cross crosslets ar, {no motto) W. and Mr.
Pearson. Arms in a Jacobean scale-covered frame,
identical with that of Lincoln's College, 1703 (to which
refer). It is interesting to read the names of Charles
and James the Second occurring on an ex-libris.

Essex. — The Rt. Hon'''', Algernon Capell, Earl of Essex,
Viscount Maldon, and Baron Capell of Hadham, 1701., W,

Arms~Q\}.. a Hon ramp, between three crosses crosslet
htch^e or. Crest — A demi Hon ramp, or, holding in its
paws a cross crosslet fitch^e gu. Supporters — Two lions
or, ducally crowned gu. Motto — Fide et Fortitudine.
Mantling with spaces between its foliations, which is
unusual.

1702.

PerCIVAL. — S' John Perdvale, Baronet, of Burton in the
County of Cork in Ireland, 1702. W. Arms — Ar. on a
chief indented gu. three crosses patt^e of the field. Crest
— A thistle erect, leaved ppr. Motto — Sub cruce canto,
A bustling politician of those times, who, as he rose in the
world, engraved a new dated ex-libris in 1715 to comme-
morate his elevation to the Peerage in that year, on which
he figures as John, Lord Fercival, Baron of Burton in the
County of Cork. W. We have a third ex-libris dated in
1736 of himself as Earl of Egmont. He died in 1748. His
son John, 2nd Earl, was the author of ' Faction Displayed.'

Halifax.— r^^ Right Hon'-''. Charles Lord Halifax,
1702. W. two sizes. Anns — Quarterly, first and fourth,
ar. three lozenges conjoined, in fesse gu. within a bordure
sa. ; second and third, or, an eagle displ. vert, beaked and
membered gu. Crest — A griffin's head couped, wings
expanded sa. charged on the neck with a portcullis, ppr.
Supporters — Two griffins, gutty de sang, each charged 00
the shoulder with a portcullis.

76 A Guide to the

A prominent politician of Queen Anne's reign, and a
minor poet. In frequent contact with Dean Swift, to
whom he seems to have made large promises, which
ended In smoke.

Kent. — The Right Hon^. Anthony Earh of Kmt, x'jfyz.
W. Arms — Barry of six, ar. and az., in chief three tor-
teaux, es. Crest — On a chapeau az., turned up, erm., a
wyvern ar. wings elevated. Supporters — Two wyverns ar.
Motto — Foy est Tout, W. Slightly cut mantling.

KetELbv. — Abel Ketelbey of ye Middle Temple, Esg'^.,
1702. W. Name-bracket laterally foliated.

Trevor. — The Right Hon"'. Sir Thomas Trevor, Knight,
Lord Chief fustice of Her Majesties Court of Comon Pleas
and one of Her Majesties Most Hon''''. Privy Council, 1702.
W. No motto or scroll for the motto,

Derby.— The Right Hon^. fames Earl of Derby, Lord
of Man and ye Isles, 1702. Arms — Ar. on a bend az, three
bucks' heads cabosscd, or. Crest— An eagle, wings en-
dorsed, or, feeding on an infant in its cradle, ppr., swaddled
az. banded of the first. Supporters — Dexter, a griffin or. ;
sinister, a buck, also or ; both ducally collared and chained
az. : the buck attired of the first. Motto — Safis changer.
(6Jx8Jin.) W.

Fine foliated mantling and plain motto scroll.

Hervey. — The Right Hon''^. fohn Lord Hervey, Created
Baron of Ickworth in Com. Suff. March the 23'', 1702. W,

Anns — Quarterly, first, gu. on a bend ar. three trefoils,
slipped vert, (and other quarterings). Crest — A leopard
pass. sa. bezantt^e, ducally gorged and chained or, holding
in the dexter paw a trefoil slipped vert. Supporters —
Two leopards sa. bezant^e, ducally gorged and chained
or. Motto — Je n'oubiierai jamais.

Plain mantling and name-scroll. Note that here the
date refers to the creation, but the book-plate was probably

Study of Book-Plates. 77

engraved shortly after. This is the father to Pope's Lord
Hervey.

Knatchbull. — Thomas KnatchbitU, Esq'., third son of
Sir Thomas Knatchbull, of Mershamkatch, in the County
of Kent, Baronet. 1702. W,

Arms — Quarterly, first, az, three crosses crosslet fitch^e,
betw. two bendlets or, (and three others). Crest — On a
chapeau az. turned up erm. a leopard statant ar. spotted sa.
(motto and its scroll wanting). The old foliated mantling
replaced by the more modern mantle, its upper comers
tied up and tasselled below. Name bracket indented.

Tempest. — Sir George Tempest, Baronet, of Tonge, Co.
York, 1702. Wilson, Birmingham, Cat. 47, p. 2.

Littleton. — S'- Thomas Littleton, Baronet, Treasurer
of Her Majesties Navy, 1702. P. and W.

Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, ar. a chev. betw.
three escallops sa. ; second and third, barry of eight, or
and gu. Crest — A Moor's head in profile, couped at the
shoulders, ppr. wreathed about the temples ar. and sa.
Motto — Ung Dieu et ung Roy.

¥0^.— Charles Fox of the Parish of St. Martin in the
Fields, Esq., 1702. P.

Arms — Erm. on a chev. az. three foxes' heads erased
or, on a canton of the second a fleur-de-lis of the third.
Crest — On a chapeau az. turned up erm. a fox sejant or.
Motto — (none).

BENGOUGH. — fames Bengough of the Inner Temple, Lon-
don, Gent., 1703. P. Arms — Per fesse engr. ar. and sa. in
chief three lions' heads erased, and in base three crosses
pat^e counter-changed. Crest — A lion's head erased sa.
(P.) Mantling to base of shield. Motto — (none).

Towneley. — Ex libris BibliotkectE Domestita: Richardi
Towneley de Towneley in Agro Lancastrensi Armigeri
Anno jEtatis : 73 Domini: 1702. P. and W.

Guide to the

Arms — Ar, a fesse sa. three mullets in chief of the
second. Crest — On a perch or, a hawk close ppr. beaked
and belled of the first. Motto — Tenez le vray.

Fine voluminous mantling reaching to level with the
base of the shield. The name scroll (which is rare) slightly
foliated like the mantling at its sides. A remarkable book-
plate. The phrase ex libris is rare at this date.

HOLBECH. — Mr. Ambrose Holbech of MoUington in the
County of Warwick, 1702, W.

Arms — Vert, six escallops ar. differenced by a crescent
of the second. Crest — A maunch vert, charged with
escallop shells, ar.

The 'Mr.' on an armorial book-plate is unusual. He,
who bears arms, is usually styled at this period Armiger or
Esquire. The lateral sides of the name-bracket are foliated.

New College, Oxford. — Collegium Novum: Oxon,
1702, C. Arms — Ar, two chevrons sa. betw. three roses
gu. seeded, or, barbed vert, impaled with the arms of the
See of Winchester, encircled with the garter, and ensigned
with an episcopal mitre. J/c/^o— Manners makyth man
With elaborate highly floreated mantling. The College
was founded in 1379 by William Wyckham, Bishop of
Winchester.

Bertie, — Tke Hon''". James Bertie, Esq'., of Stanwellin
Co". Middx., second son to James late Earle of Abingdon,
1702. Pearson.

j4r»w— Quarterly, first, ar. three battering rams bar-
ways in pale, ppr. headed and garnished az,, a crescent
for difference (and three other quarterings). Crest — A
man's head affront^e couped at the shoulders ppr. ducally
crowned or, charged on the chest with a fret, az. Motto
— Virtus ariete fortior.

Mantling voluminous and intricately cut. Cross-hatched
inner lining shewn. Inscription scroll laterally foliated.

Study of Book-Plates. 79

Bertie.— r^e Hon"^. Robert Bertie of the Middle Temple,
Esq'. 1702. (Hutt.) Younger brother to the last, James
Bertie's son became ultimately Lord Abingdon.

Byerley. — Robert Byerley of Gouldesbrough in tke West
Rideingisic) of ye County of Yorke, Esq'., 1702. W.

Arms — Or, a cross crosslet gu. ; over all, an escutcheon,
quarterly, first, az. a manche ar., within a bordure crusily'
or (and three other quarterings). Crest — Two lions'
gambs or, holding a cross crosslet gu. Motto — Foyall et
Loyal 1.

Mantling elaborate. Lining vertically hatched (gules)
and kept very distinct from the outer portions. Lateral
edges of the name-scroll foliated.

1703-

Denbigh.— /"A^ Right Hon'-''. Basil Fielding Earl of
Denbigh 1703. W. Arms — Ar. on a fesse az. three
lozenges or. Crest — An eagle displayed ar. Supporters —
Two bucks ppr. attired and uoguled or. Motto — Honor
virtutis priemium.

Short mantling with cross-hatched lining. The family
name is now spelt Feilding.

Lynch. — Philippus Lynch Medij Tetnpli Socius, 1703.
W. Arms — Ar. a chev. gu. betw. three trefoils slipped az.
Crest — A fox pass. ppr. Motto — De lupo.

Very unlike the rest of the series. The escutcheon is
oval. The inscription in Latin is exceptional. There ap-
pears a Jacobean frame round the arms, of which the limbs
are confused with and mixed up among the mantling.

Northampton. — The Right Hon'^. George Earl of
Northampton, Baron Compton, 1703. P.

Arms — Sa. a lion pass, guard, or, betw. three helmets ar.
Crest — On a mount vert a beacon or, enflamed on the top
ppr. on the beacon a label inscribed Nisi Dominus. Sup-
' These charges are uncertain.

A Guide to the

porters — Two dragons, with wings expanded, erm. ducally
gorged and chained or. Motto — ji tie cherche qui iing. {sic).

Crewe. — Nathaniel Crewe, Lord Bishop of Durham and
Baron Crewe of Stene, 1703. Franks.

Anns — Az. a cross betw. four lions ramp, or (for Dur-
ham) ; impaling az. a lion ramp. ar. (for Crewe). Crest
— Out of ducal coronet or, a lion's gamb erect ar, Sup'
porters — Dexter, a lion ar. ; collared gu. ; thereon three
roses, or. ; sinister, a griffin sa. Motto — (none). Baron's
coronet, but no mitre. Crozier and sword in saltire
behind arms. With light graceful mantling.

Lincoln College. — Collegium Lincolniense in Univer-
sitate Oxon, 1703. C.

Arms — The escutcheon divided paleways into three
parts, the centre ar. thereon the arms of the See of
Lincoln, ensigned with a mitre, all ppr. On the dexter
side, harry of six ar. and az,, in chief three lozenges gu;
Sinister side, vert, three stags trippant, two and one ar,
attired or (motto and crest none). The shield set in a
pretty Jacobean frame lined with scale-work, and flourished
into angles, adorned outside with ribbons and festoons.
A few ornaments like mantling curves at top.

POLEV.— i/€«/y Foley of BadUy in Com. Sufiolk Esf.,
1703. (Mr. Martin,) Arms — Or, a lion ramp. sa. Crest
— A lion ramp., as in the arms, collared and chained or.
Motto — Fortior est qui se.

Eyre. — Robert Eyre of Lincoln's Inn, Esq'., 1703. W.

Arms — Ar. on a chev. sa. three quatrefoils of the field.
Crest — A leg erect, in armour, per pale, ar. and sa., couped
at the thigh. Motto — Sola virtus invicta.

Mantling with cross-hatched (sable) lining. A fringed
cloth bears the name.

Guildford.— ?■*£ Right Hon"'. Francis North Baron
of Guildford, 1703. W.

Study of Book-Plates. 8i

Arms — Az. a lion pass, or, betw. three fleur-de-lis ar.
differenced with a crescent ar. Crest — A dragon's head
erased sa., scaled, ducally gorged or. Supporters — Two
dogs ar. Motto — Animo et Fide.

Mantling loose with spaces between its folds.

North.— TAiT Right Hon*^ William Lord North of
Carthlage a7id Baron Grey of Polleston, 1703. C. Arms —
Quarterly, first and fourth, az. a lion pass. betw. three
fleur-de-lis ar. ; second and third, gu. a lion ramp, ducally
crowned, within a bordure ar. Supporters — Two dragons
sa. ducally gorged and chained or. Crest — A dragon's
head, erased, sa. scaled, ducally gorged and chained or.
Motto — (none). Mantling slight.

Penn. — William Penn Esif Proprietor of Pensylvania,
1703. Mr. Carson.

Arms — Ar. on a fesse sa. three plates. Crest — A demi-
lion ramp, ar., gorged with a collar sa. charged with three
plates. Motto — Dum clavum teneam.

An ex-libris of high interest.

Selby. — James Selby Sergeant at Law. 1703.
(Hutt)

Fox. — 5' Stephen Fox of ye Parish of 5' Martin in the
Fields Knight, 1703. P. and C.

Arms — Erm. on a chev. az, three foxes' heads erased
or, on a canton of the second a fleur-de-lis of the third.
Crest — On a chapeau az, turned up erm. a fox sejant or.
J/tf^to— (none).

Intricate rounded mantling to the escutcheon base.

NORTHEY. — S' Edw. Northey Knight her Majestyes
Attorney Generall, 1703. C-

Artns — Or, on a fesse az. betw. three panthers statant
gu. sem^e of estoiles ar. two lilies of the last, with a
rose in the centre, gold stem, vert. Crest — A cockatrice,
flames issuant from the mouth ppr. Motto — Steady. Rich

A Guide to i

circular rolled mantling, The date is divided, right and
left, on the motto scroll, an unusual position.

QuEENSBERRV, — Duke of Queemberry, 1703. (Mag.
Notes and Queries, 5th S. viii., 397.)

Bury. — Tke Hon'^ S' Thomas Bury Knight, one of the
Baronsof her Md*" Court of Exchequer, 1703. (Mr. Martin.)
Arms — Erm. on a bend engr. az. plain cotised gu. three
fleur-de-lis or. Crest — A demi-dragon arg. wings, ears,
and claws sa.

Nicholas. — Edward Nicholas Esq' of Gillingham in
tke County of Dorset, 1703. W.

Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, ar. on a cross gu. a
crown or; second and third, ar. a fess betw. three ravens
sa. ; over all, an escutcheon az., a chev. betw, three wolves'
heads erased or. Crest-^K lion statant or ; sem^e of
estoiles az. Motto — (none). Hatched lining to the mant-
ling. Motto scroll empty.

ROXBURGHE. — The Right Honble fohn Earl of Rox-
burghe Lord Ker Cesfoord and Cavertoun, 1703. W.

Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, vert, on a chev. bet,
three unicorns' heads erased ar. armed and maned or,
as many mullets sa. for Ker ; second and third, gu. three
mascJes or, for Weapont. Crest — A unicorn's head erased ar.
armed and maned or. Supporters — Two savages, wreathed
about the head and waist with oak leaves, each holding
with the exterior hand a club resting upon the shoulder,
all ppr. Motto — Pro Christo et Fatria dulce periculum.

Bromley. — William Bromley of Baginton in ye County
of Warwick, Es^., 1703. W.

Arms — Quarterly, per fesse indented gu. and or, an
escutcheon ar. charged with a griffin segreant vert. Crest
— Out of a ducal coronet or, a demi-lion ar. supporting a
banner gu. charged with a lion pass, gold, stafif of the last.
Motto — Vexillo virtutis vinco.

Study of Book-plates. 83

Stiff, circular, outspread mantling with distinct sable
inner lining. The plate is smaller than the average : 2^ x

Erodrick. — 5' John Brodrick of the Middle Temple
Esq', 1703, F.

Arms — Ar. on a chief vert two spears' heads erect of the
first, the points embrued gu. Crest — Out of a ducal coro-
net or, a spear ar. embrued gu. Motto — A cuspide corona.
Circular voluminous mantling to base of shield with cross-
hatched, sable, lining.

ThomoND. — The Right Hon'''' Henry Earl of Tkomond,
Lord OBrien, Baron of I Brickan, 1703. W. and C.

Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, three lions pass. guar,
in pale, per pale, or and ar. ; second, ar. three piles meeting
in a point, issuing from the chief, gu. ; third, or a pheon az.
Crest — An arm embowed, brandishing a sword, ar, pomel
and hilt or. Supporters — Two lions guar, per fesse or and
az.' Motto — Vigueur de dessus.

Bedford. — The most Noble Wriothesley Duke of Bed-
ford, Knight of ye Most Noble Order of the Garter,
1703. W.

Arms — Ar. a lion ramp. gu. ; on a chief sa. three escallops
of the first. Crest — A goat passant ar, armed or. Sup-
porters — Dexter, a lion ; sinister, an antelope ; both gu.,
the latter ducally gorged, lined, armed, and hoofed gold.
Motto — Che sara sara.

Somerset. — The Right Hon'''' Lord Charles Somerset,
Seoond Son to ye late Marquess of Worcester, 1703. P.

Arms — Quarterly, France and England, within a bordure
componde ar. and az. Crest — A portcullis or, nailed az.,
with chains pendent thereto gold. Motto — Mutare vcl
timere sperno.

^ On this book-plate some niceties of tincture are omitted, which
in this and in a few other cases I deem it best to supply.

84 A Guide to the

BUCKBY. — Richard Buckby of Lincolns Inn Esq', 1703.
W.

Arms — Sa. a chev. betw. three stags' heads cabossed or.
Crest — A stag's head erased or.

Richmond.— TAuwirtJ Richmond alias Webb of Rod-
bourne Cheney in the County of Wills Esq', 1703. W.

FORTESCUE. — fohn Fortescue of the Middle Temple Esq',
1703. W, Name bracket altered to a cloth.

Foley. — Richard Foley Esq' Second Prothonotary of
Her Majesties Court of Comon Pleas, 1703. W. Motto
scroll empty.

Bennet.— /tf^w Bennet Esf fudge of the Marshalts
Court, 1703. W.

Page, — Francis Page of the Inner Temple Esq', 1703.
W. Name bracket altered to fringed cloth.

Butler. — Richard Butler of Lincoln's Inn Esq', 1703.
W.

Arms — Az. a bend between six cups covered or, differ-
enced with a mullet gu. Crest — A unicorn saliant ar.
armed or. Motto none, and its scroll empty. Sable inner
lining to the mantling.

1704.

Skipwith. — S' Fulwar Skipwith of Newbold Hall in
the County of Warwick Baronet, 1704. C.

Arms — Quarterly, first, ar. three bars gu,; in chief a grey-
hound courant sa. collared or (and other quarterings).
Crest — A turnstile ppr. Motto — Sans Dieu j'e ne puis.

Dawes. — Sir William. Dawes Baronet, 1704. C.

Anns — Ar. on a bend az. cotised gu. three swans or,
betw. six battle-axes sa. Crest — A halbert erect or, on
the point a flying dragon without legs, tail nowed sa.
bezant^, vulned gu. Motto — (none).

Study of Book-plates.

Dudley. — Sir William Dudley Baronet of Clapton^
1704. Mag. Notes and Queries, sth S. viii., 397.

Ward. — John Ward of Capestkorne CoWi. Cestr. and of
the Inner Temple Esq', 1704. W. Arms — Quarterly, first
and fourth, az. a cross patt^e or ; second and third, an a
chev. betw, three martlets sa. Motto scroll empty ; mant-
ling slightly foliated. Name scroll represented by a
fringed cloth. No crest, but an isolated curl of the mant-
ling fold is placed so as to fill its void.

Weymouth. — The Right Hon'"'' Thomas Lord Viscount
Weymouth, Baron Thynne of Warminster, 1704. W.

Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, barry of ten, or and
sa. ; second and third, ar. a lion ramp, gu. Crest — A rein-
deer statant, or. Supporters — Dexter, a reindeer or,
gorged with a plain collar sa. ; sinister, a lion, tail nowed,
gu. Motto — j'ai bonne cause.

WiNCHELSEA. — The Right Hon^''- Charles Earle of Win-
chelsea. Viscount Maidstone, Baron Fits-Herbert of East-
well, 1704. P. W. Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, ar.
a chev. bet three griffins pass, wings endorsed sa. ; second
and third, gu. three lions ramp. or. Crest — A pegasus,
courant ar. winged, maned and hoofed or, ducally
golfed of the last. Supporters — Dexter, a Pegasus ar.
wings, mane, and hoofs or, ducally gorged of the last ;
sinister, a griffin, wings endorsed sa., ducally gorged or.
Motto — Adversis major, par secundis. Mantling loose
and short.

Parker. — Thomas Parker of the Inner Temple Esq",
1704. W. Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, gu. a chev.
betw. three leopards' heads or ; a crescent for difference.
Second and third, az, two bars betw. three mullets ar,, two in
chiefandoneinfesse. Crest — A leopard's head guard.erased
at the neck or, ducally goi^ed gu. Motto scroll empty.
Mantling rather simply cut, a fringed cloth bears the name.

A Guide to the

Leicester.— r^e Right Hon'''' Philip Sydney Earle of
Leicester, Viscount Lisle and Baron Sydney of Penshurst,
1704. C. Arms — Or, a pheon az. Crest — A bear sejant
ar. muzzled sa. collared and chained or, supporting a ragged
staff, also ar. Supporters — Dexter, a lion or, ducally
crowned, chained and collared : sinister, a lion gnard. ar.
ducally crowned or. Motto — Quo fata vocant. Inscrip-
tion on a fringed cloth. Mantling with very black lining.

Lovelace. — The Right Honble fohn Lord Lovelace
Baron of Hurley in Com. Berks, 1704. Arms — Gu. on a
chief indented sa, three martlets ar. Crest — On a staff
raguly, vert, an eagle displayed ar. Supporters — Two
pegasi ar. Motto scroll empty, mantling simple. W.
The staff raguly is hardly visible,

1705.

TURNOUR. — S' Edward Tumour of Hollingbury in the
County of Essex Knight, 1705. Pearson. Arms — Ermines,
on a cross quarter-pierced ar. four fers-de-moline sa. Crest
— A lion pass, guar, ar, holding in the dexter paw a fer-
de-moline sa.

Elaborate strawberry -leaved mantling. Motto scroll
empty. The inscription bracket changed to a friDged
cloth.

Montagu. — George Montagu Esif, 1705. W. Arms —
Quarterly, first and fourth, ar, three lozenges conjoined, in
fesse gu, within a borduresa. ; Second and third, or, an
eagle displayed vert., beaked and membered gu. Crest —
A griffin's head couped, wings expanded or, gorged with
a collar ar. charged with three lozenges gu.

North. — The Honble Charles North Esq', 1705. W.

1706.

HarinGTON. — Gostlet Harington of Marshfield in the

Coun: of Glocester Gent: 1706. W. Arms — Quarterly, first

Study of Book-Plates.

and fourth, sa. a fret ar. ; second and third, gu. a chev.
engrailed erra. betw. three pheons ar. Crtst — A lion's
head erased or.

No motto, but the date is placed by itself on the motto
scroll. Curious mantling cut like strawberry leaves. An
odd smudgy look about the shadows ; inscription in a very
large round hand. The helmet is covered with stars.

1707.

HaldaNE. — The Hon'^' John Haldane of Gleneagles,
1707. C. and P. Arfns — Quarterly, first and fourth, sa.
a saltire rayonnant (wrongly drawn in book-plate) ar. ;
second, az. a saltire cantoned with four roses ar. ; third,
az. a bend chequy gu. and ar. Crest — An eagle's head
couped or. Motto — Suffer, suffer.

Mantling only to helmet-base.

Jones. — -Richard Jones Esq', 1707. Antis — Per pale az.
and gu. three lions ramp, ar., a crescent for diff. ; on an
escutcheon, over all, gu. three lions pass. ar. Crest — A
griffin's head erased ducally crowned ar. Pearson.

Motto and motto scroll absent ; plain circular mantling,
no lining visible.

ShelburNE. — The Right Hon^ Henry Lord Baron
Shelburne in ye Kingdom of Ireland, 1707. C. Arms —
Erm. on a bend az. a magnetic needle pointing at the
pole-star or; impaling, per bend crenelle gu. and ar.
Crest — A bee-hive or, fretty az. bees ppr. Supporters —
Dexter, a pegasus erm. bridled, crined, winged, and
unguled or, charged on the shoulder with a fleur-de-lis
az. ; sinister, a lion per bend crenelle gu. and ar. Motto —
Ut apes geometriam.

Gray.— ^ James Gray Baronet, 1707. W. Arms —
Gu. a lion ramp. ar. within a bordure engr. of the last

88 A Guide to Book-Plates.

Crest — A dexter hand couped at the wrist, holding a
chaplet, all ppr. Motto — Decus et tutamen.

HanmeR. — S' Tkomas Hanmer of Hanmer in Com :
Flint Baronet, 1707. W., two sizes. Arms — Ar. two lions
pass, guard, az, armed and langued gu. (numerous other
quarterings). Crest — On a chapeau az. (given here gu,),
turned up ermine, a lion sejant guard, ar. 6 K 5f in.

Sir Thomas was Speaker of the House of Commons,
and also a man of letters, and edited Shakespeare. He
married secondly an heiress named Elizabeth Folkes,
whose book-plates in her maiden name we also have.
The motto is here absent and its scroll empty.

1708.

Campbell. — 'The Honourable Archibald Campbell Esq',
1708. W. Two sizes. Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth,
gyronny of eight or and sa. ; second and third, ar. a lym-
phad, her sails furled and oars in action, all sa., flag and
pennants flying gu. Crest — A boar's head erased ppr.
Supporters — Two lions guard, gu. Motto — Ne obliviscaris,

Thompson. — William Thmnpson of Humbkton in York-
shire Esq', 1708. W. Arms — Per fesse ar. and sa. a fesse
embattled betw. three falcons, belled, all counter-changed.
Crest — An arm embowed, grasping the truncheon of a tilt-
ing spear, ppr. (Motto scroll empty.) Plain rough mantling.

'Ssn-R-^%.— The Right Honble fohn Earl of Rothes, 1708.
C. Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, ar. on a bend az,
three buckles or; second and third, or a lion rampant gu.
Crest — A demi-griffin ppr. Supporters — Two griffins, per
fesse, ar. and gu. Motto — Grip fast. Plain mantling and
plain motto scroll.

1709.

Newdigate. — S' Richard Newdigate of Arbury in the
County of Warwick Baronet, 1709. W, Anns — Gu. three

A Guide to Book-Plates. 91

lions' gambs erased ar. Crest — A fleur-de-lis ar. {Motto
and its scroll absent.) Mantling unusual, finely cut with
distinct spaces showing through its folds to the base of
the shield. Name bracket foliated at its lateral edges.
Two curious calligraphic Bourishes in the third line of
the inscription.

Buckingham, — Owen Buckingham, Reding {sic) County
of Berks Esq', 1709. C. Arms — Erm. on a bend wavy
az. betw. two lions ramp, gu. three bezants. Crest — On a
chapeau az. turned up erm, a demi-swan, wings expanded
ppr. membered or, gorged with a ducal coronet gu. These
arms were granted in 1708, so that the book-plate was
engraved hard upon the grant to commemorate it.

This plate has a shaded background, and is the only
one in the series so ornamented. Its general work is also
more modern than any of Queen Anne's book-plates
which I have seen.

Head. — S' Francis Head Baronet^ ^709. C. Arms —
Ar. a chev. ermines, bet. three unicorns' heads couped sa. ;
over all an escutcheon, quarterly, first and fourth, ermine,
on a fesse sa. three roses gu.; second and third, az. as
many stags trippant ppr. Crest — A unicorn's head,
couped, ermines. Motto — Reginie fidus, fidus et patriae.

1 7 10.

SOUTHESQUE,— 7"Af Rig^t Hot^" James Earl of Soutk-
esque Lord Carnegy of Kinnaird and Leuckars, 1710. C,
Two sizes. Arms — Or, an eagle displayed az. beaked,
membered, and armed gu. Crest — A dexter hand holding
a thunderbolt winged or. Supporters — Two greyhounds,
ar. collared or. Motto — Dread God.

Kemt. — Jemima Dutchess (sic) of Kent, 1710. Two
separate escutcheons placed side by side in a common
frame-work. The dexter shield: — Arms — Barry of six
ar. and az. in chief three torteaux. The sinister shield : —

A Guide to I

Arms — Ar. a lion rampant gu. Compare this plate with
that of the same lady in 1712. It will be found that
both in the tinctures and charges there is some difference
between the two.

Frewen. — Thomas Frewen of Lincoln's Inn in the County
of Middlesex Es^, iyi\. W. Arms — Quarterly, first,
erm. four bars az. a demi-lion ramp. ppr. issuant in chief;
second, ar. a cross crosslet fitch^e sa. (and two other
quarterings). Crest — A demi-lion ramp. ar. langued and
collared gu. bearing in its paws a galtrap az. Motto —
Christo ducc vincam.

1712.

Grace, — Michael Grace Esq', 1712, C. Arms — Quar-
terly, first, gu. a lion ramp. ar. ; second, gu. a saltire ar.
betw. twelve crosses crosslet or ; (and two other quarter-
ings) ; impaling, or, on a cross gu. five mullets of the
field. Crest — A demi-lion ramp. ar. Supporters — Dexter,
a lion ppr. ; sinister, a boar or. Mottoes — En grace affie.
And — Concordant nomine facta.

The upper ledge of the name-bracket is corniced, the
rest of it only engraved in outline.

Edwards. — Coll: Jesu Oxon. Ugavit Jonathan Edwards,
S. T. P. Principalis, 1712. Anns — Az. three stags trip-
pant ar. Elaborate angular scale-lined frame-work.
Hawk-beil festoons, palm branches, a cherub's head, etc.
Inscription on a cloth, not a bracket.

Kent.— Jetnima, Dutchefs (sic) of Kent, 1712. Two
separate shields. Dexter, anns — barry of six ar, and az.,
over all, an escutcheon, az. a lion ramp, gu., surrounded
by the garter. Sinister — arms — as on the inescutcheon.
The frame-work is more ornamented than in the Duchess's
plate of 1710. A scallop shell appears above between
the two shields ; the frame has the usual scale-work.
The bracket is foliated.

Study of Book-Plates. 93

Strafford. — His Excellency the Right Honourable
Thomas Earl of Strafford. Viscount Wentworih, of Went-
wortk Woodhouse, and of Stainborough. Baron of Raby.
Newmarch, and Oversley ; Her Majesty s Ambassador Ex-
traordinary, and Plenipotentiary to the States General of ye
United Provinces, and also at the Congrefs of Utrecht i
Colonel of Her Majesty's own Royal Regiment of Dragoons ;
Lieutenant General of all Her Forces ; First Lord of the
Admiraltry (sic) of Great Britain and Ireland ; one of ye
Lords of Her Majesty's most Honourable Privy Council;
and Knight of the most Noble Order of ye Garter. 1712.
W. 6J inches by 4J,

This stately rodomontade of titles and offices has been
copied at full, as a typical and rather early instance of a
class of ex-libris which is commoner on the Continent
than with us.

Arms — Sa. a chev. betw. three leopards' faces or, en-
circled with the garter. No crest. Supporters — Dexter,
a griffin ar. ; sinister, a lion or. Motto — En Dieu et tout.
Wholly without mantling.

Bruce.— T'.^e Right Hon''^ Charles Viscount Bruce of
Ampthill (Son and Heir Apparent of Thomas Earl of
Ailesbury) and Baron Bruce of Whorleton, 1712. C. Arms
— Quarterly, first, or, a saltire and chief gu. on a canton ar.
a lion ramp. az. Crest — A lion statant az. (and eight other
quarterings). Supporters — Two savages ppr. wreathed
about the head and loins with laurel, vert. Motto — Fuimus.^

1713-

Kent. — Henry Duke of Kent, 1713. W. Two sizes.

Arms — Barry of six, ar. and az. surrounded by the garter.

Supporters — Two wyverns ar. No crest. Motto — Stat
religione parentum, 5 x 4 in. A very fine ex-libris.
Mantling wholly absent. The escutcheon placed on a
' Lord Bruce was summoned to the Upper House in his father's

A Guide to the

highly ornamented Jacobean bracket. The name also in
an oblong Jacobean frame-work, appended below the
bracket. Contrast the simpler book-plate of Anthony,
Earl of Kent, eleven years earlier.^

ROWNEY. — Tho. Rowney of the City of Oxford Es<f.
1713- C.

The book-plate of Thomas Rowney concludes our dated
series. In August 1714 Queen Anne died, and with the
accession of the House of Hanover a new epoch in our
national history begins. In art, in literature, in politics, a
great change came over England. The year 1714 seems,
therefore, on several accounts a convenient pausing place.

The series just enumerated is not, we submit, without in-
struction. We view every dated ex-libris as, to some ex-
tent, a definite historical record; nor is it uninteresting to
have some idea of what libraries existed in Britain in the
days of Pope, of Swift, of Marlborough. The list just
given will, no doubt, be doubled by future research ; but,
as far as it goes, it is a faithful index of the book-lovers of
the period. As contrasted with foreign contemporaneous
book-plates, it is rather a plain and unostentatious series.
But, as a rule, though not highly decorated, all these ex-
libris are in good taste.

It is worth while inquiring, before we close this portion
of our subject, who were the book- col lectors in Queen
Anne's reign. The series, which has just been given,
affords fair materials for a rough reply.

We record the ex-libris of 99 distinct individuals ^ and

' The Kent family is prolific in dated book-plates. We have seen
—Anthony, Earl of Kent, 1702 (two varieties) ; Jemima, Duchess of
Kent, 1710, and again in 1712 ; Henry, Duke of Kent, 1713 {two
sizes); Anthony, Earl of Harold (his heir apparent) 1717. Seven
dated book-plates in all.

Study of Book-Plates. 95

colleges. Of these 24 are Peers of the realm; 13 are
Baronets; 6 bear courtesy Titles or are Honourables; 6 are
Knights (of whom three are lawyers) ; 35 are Esquires,
and of these 15 are lawyers; 3 are anonymous or un-
certain ; 6 are Colleges ; 3 are of Ladies ; I ' Mr.' ; and 2
' gentlemen,'

There are plenty of Lawyers in the catalogue, but no
medical men. No clergyman, except Bishop Crewe, and
he is Baron Crewe as well as Bishop of Durham. No one,
except Towneley, has the formula exlibris. Hewer's, Hill's,
and Sydenham's are the only unarmorial book-plates.

The number of book-plates dated in 1701 is five; in
1702 the number is eighteen ; in 1703 it is twenty-nine ;
in 1704 the number recedes again to nine. It is curious,
why the years 1702 and 1703 should be so prolific of
dated examples.

Every single year from 1698 to Queen Anne's death is
represented by one or more dated book-plates.^ This
list has taken some years and a good deal of trouble to
compile. It is intended more for reference than for con-
tinuous reading.

ADDITIONS WHILE PRINTING.
FlTZWALTER.— TA^ Right Honblc Charles Mildmay Lord Fitz-
liialtrr Egremont Burmll and BotUtoft, 1701. [Carson.) HEDGES.
—The Right HonbU S^ Charles Hedges Knight one of her Majesties
Principal Secretaries of Slate, 1702. {W.) 'fv.\CS..—Honble Robert
Price, 1703. {Salkeld.) V^GOVT.— Nathaniell Piggott of the Inner
Ten^le, London, Esq., 1703. (tf.) VQi.iOYi.—S' Robert Pollok of
that Ilk Baronet, 1707. (W.)

MOTTOES DIRECTED AGAINST
BORROWERS.

Next to an umbrella, there is no item of personal pro-
perty concerning the appropriation of which such lax
ideas of morality are current as a book. If you neglect
to restore a horse, a greatcoat, or a pocket-handkerchief,
some social stigma will probably attach to you should the
depredation become generally known. In the case of the
book -borrowers there is no such Nemesis. They flourish
like green bay-trees, and command universal respect
The broken sets, which they have caused, give them no
twinge of remorse. The gaps, which they have left in
innocent homes, break not their sleep at night. Their
tables groan with a holocaust of odd volumes, filled with
any one's ex-libris but their own.

This is a dismal picture, but our forefathers seem to
have suffered from the ravages of this insect — we cannot
call it— man. Book-larceny seems to have reared its
front of brass at a sufficiently early period. The ex-libris
is the mature act of book-preservation, and to engrave
thereon some fulmination against the borrower, is a
virtuous and commendable proceeding.

Such mottoes form a rather curious collection. Tke

Sittdy of Book-Plaies. 97

ungodly borroweth and payeth not again} That is terse,
neat, and to the point ; therefore, let it stand first in our list

Earliest in antiquity, but neither neat nor terse, is the
worthy Andreas Hedio, who speaks for himself in his own
doggrel about 1650 A,D. — Andreas Hedio Philosophiis in
Academia Regiomontana (Konigsberg) Professor. Puhl.
Ordinar. ElectorcUium Alumnorum CoUegii et Convictorii
Inspector Primarius. (Arms of Hedio, being the head and
shoulders of an old bearded man in a fish-tailed night-cap.
Tinctures unmarked.) Below is written — the professor's
book being supposed thus to poeticise : —

'Me sibijure suum Dominus, propriamque paravit ;
[/sum concessit sponte cuicumque (?) bono.
Sed tu, si bonus es. Domino me reddito, gratus,
Si retines, mains es, nee bonus usus erit.'

The mild professor lives again in these feeble numbers.
We do not think the boarders (convictores) of the Konigs-
berg Academy can have held him much in awe.

This next example is extremely quaint. The Wessofon-
tanum Ccenobiiini (Wessenbrunn) was a Benedictine monas-
tery in the Diocese of Freysingen in Bavaria, founded as
early as 753 A.D. An undated (XVth century?) German
Chronicle bears for imprint, impressa in Ctsnobio Wessofon-
tano? This is the convent book-plate. Design — a Pontiff
seated, enthroned, wearing the triple crown and holding a
long pastoral staff. An escutcheon rests beside him
charged with the crossed keys. Behind, a curtain and a
coiumn. Signed I. E. Belling Cath. Sc A.V. Then
come these two limping Hexameters, in which the
borrowed monastery volume prologizes —

' Ex-libris of Sherlock Willis, dated 1756 (C.) Thomas Pownall
760) gives the same text with reference Psalm xxivii. 21 ; and adds
ilh less point, VideU et caveie ab amaritia, Luke xii. 15.
* See Cotton, Typog. Gax., p. iSo (ed. 1825).

98 A Guide to the

Wessofontani proba sum possessio claustri.
Heus ! Domino me redde meo : sic jura reposcunt.
(I am the good possession of the Cloister of Wessenbrunn.
Ho there! Restore me to my master; so right demands.)

The plate is in the B. M. Library ; its date is about 1730,

Next comes a bibliophile of much sterner stuff than
Andreas Hedio.

The date is given here 1762.

Bx Caroli Ferd. Hommelii Bibliotheca, The design re-
presents the interior of a comfortable library. In the
centre is the full-length statue of Apollo, wreathed, with
lyre in hand. On the pedestal is the date 1762. The
apartment is lined to its ceiling with bookshelves, except
the left wall ; whereon hang seven framed portraits, and,
below these pictures, two geographical globes. At the base
of the design is inscribed — Intra quatuordecim dies commo-
datunt ni reddideris, neque belle custodieris, alio tetnpore.
Non kabeo dicam. Printed on lilac paper. A choice and
characteristic book- pi ate. ^ W.

The renunciative mottoes are a somewhat notable class.
They are extremely polite and quite in the great style.
John Grolier's are well known, but these are not on book-
plates but were stamped externally on his book-covers —
Mei Grolierii Lugdunens. et amicorum, and varied thus
Jo. Grolierii et amicorum? But our other examples of
mottoes in this vein will be all culled from genuine ex-libris.
Pirckheimer's is, of course, the oldest — Sibi et Amicis P.
This is literally rendered at a much later date, Fiir meine
Freunde und mich on an anonymous German book-plate

' M. Poulet-Malassis describes briefly (p. 42) what is probably the
same plate. He gives, however, no date on the pedestal, and varies
from me in the name, and in some words of the inscription. The eic-
iibris does not seem French, but rather Italian or German. The name
is Charles Frederick Hommeau, fide M. Poulet-Malassis, but the
second name is clearly Ferdinand.

' Grolier died in 1565.

Study of Book-Plates. 99

by Weichmann in 1791 (dated). Sibi et altis also appears
(1780) under a design of bees around their hive with a
pretty landscape background. There is a fine plate by
Brenet (1760) of one M'. Lambert de Vilhjust, which gives
Amicis et mihi. This is executed in a striking monumental
style of design, with two greyhounds as supporters. His
utere mecum writes 5". R. Maitland (lySo). But Christian
Charles Lewis de Saviffny leaves all the rest behind, ex-
claiming Non mihi sed aliis. Yet Savigny, if he lent
freely, appears to have borrowed with equal freedom ;
for he plagiarises the design for his book-plate, a girlish
figure at the side of a frame, seated on a book and grasp-
ing a pen, woods in the background, from F. F. A. C.
Neurath ; who, where Savigny writes his bombast, more
quietly inscribes — Nulla dies sine lined — Score an item of
new knowledge every single day.

Now this batch of mottoes raises the point, whether valu-
able books should be lent to persons who treat volumes
like coal-scuttles ; who perpetrate such atrocities as moist-
ening their thumbs to turn a page over; who hold a fine
binding before a roaring fire ; who horribile dictu read at
breakfast and use, as a book-marker, the butter-knife.
Ought David Garnck to have lent the cream of his Shak-
speare quartos to slovenly and mole-eyed Samuel Johnson ?
We think emphatically not. Many full-grown folks have
no more idea of handling a book than a schoolboy.

This mention of the schoolboy will remind many of our
readers of the rude doggerel versicles, with which, at that
careless period, we were wont to protect our lesson-books,
not unaccompanied by a graphic illustration of a pair of
gallows with its victim pendent thereto. Of course, the
schoolboy does not attain to the dignity of a book-plate.
If he did, the borrower — whom he designates by a shorter
term — would read some home-truths, inscribed much to his
disadvantage.

lOO A Guide to the

Here are some efTusions which are scarcely above a J
schoolboy's doggerel. They do not belong only to Joktf\
Hughes from whose ex-libris wc copy them, but to half-a-
dozen others. They are of common book-plate occurrence.
The owner addresses (why not ?) his book : —

If thou art borrowed by a friend,
Right welcome shall he be,
To read, to study, not to lend.
But to return to me.

Not that imparted knowledge doth
Diminish learning's store.
But books, I find, if often lent
Return to me no more.

At this point Mr. Hughes's pegasus will no longei
answer the poetic spur, and falls from a jog-trot into i
foot-pace. Hughes now addresses the borrower and noa
longer his volume. Read slowly, pause frequently, thinkm
seriously, keep cleanly, return duly, with the comers of thtM
leaves not turned down.

Here is another of even lower poetical level. The ana- 1
pcestic measure suits the subject extremely ill.

This book belongs to (a blank left for a name)
Neither blemish this book nor the leaves double down, I
Nor lend it to each idle friend in the town ;
Return it wJien read; or, if lost, please supply
Another as good to the mind and the eye (1S20).'

In complete contrast to the ' unlettered muse ' of thesftw
two book-plates, we may now refer to the courtly Theodort\
Christopher LUienthal, etc. (1750), whose ex-libris is

' There is a long efTusion beginning' 'A pleader to a needer if a]
reader,' on a modern book-plate, which we have not space t(

Study of Book-Plaies. loi

pretty as his name, rendering a group of bee -visited lilies
with this delicate distich : —

Uiere concesso sed nulliis abutere libro.
Lilia non maculat sed inodo tangit apis.

This is doubly ingenious, because it contains at once a
protest against dogs-earing, and a play upon the owner's
name. This plate, be it noted, is a copy of an earlier one
of his ancestor, Michael Lilienthal, about 1700, who uses
the same couplet,

Charles Woodward {l%z<S} gives an opened volume, on
one page of which is written. Narrative — promising to
take charge of vte during my visit, and to send me home
at the appointed time. Finis. Whence, we may conclude
that Mr. Woodward considered himself a humourist, and
that this book-plate was specially intended to be affixed
in his loan volumes.

Ne extra hanc Bibliothecam cfferatur ex obedientia. This
occurs, on a separate printed slip, below the book-plate
recording the donation of his library by P. D. Huet,
Bishop of Avranches, to the ' Maison Professe ' of Jesuits
of Paris.i 1692 (dated).

Rendis le livre, s'il vous plAit. So begs Hugo de Bass-
ville.^ Another French motto, which occurs on the book-
plate of David Garrick and a host of others is well known,
but must of necessity be once more repeated here: — La
premiere chose qu'on doit fairs quand on a empruntiun livre,
c'est de le lire afin de po avoir le rendre pl&tSt. Menagiana,
vol. IV. A recent ex-libris reads thus : — £x libris C.
Pieters £'y(uitis) lie ad vendentes et emite vobis? MattJiew
XXV., 9. ' Go ye rather to them that sell, and buy for

• Guigard's Armorial, vol. ii., 10.
' Poulet-Malassis, p. 42.

' lb. p. 43, given as occurring also on the ex-libris of one Aubry,
Doctor of Theology, Curi of Saint Louis-en-l'lslc. Date not indicated.

I02 A Guide to Book-Plaies.

yourselves.' An ingenious application, for this was spoken
to the foolish virgins, who wished to borrow oil. Another
quaint enHsting of a scriptural text is made by the
Parochial Library of Tadcaster — Accipe librum et devora
ilium. Rev. x. g. (1710). This is accompanied by a
design of the angel delivering the book, which he was to
eat, to St, John in Patmos. ■

Do not despise honesty. Remember to return this book I
to ye owner Alexander Ham. (Chip. 1760 Howard).

Peruse and Return, inscribes John Henekey. Lege et
Redde, advises Francis John Sirebeau} But the Parochial
Library of Weobley says placidly, quoting St. Augustine,
Tolle Lege ; which is all very well, as a public institution
has a legal remedy against a defaulting borrower. But
the wrongs of O. Mipore) have made him more dithyram-
bic. His recent (1820) ex-libris bears this sapphic of
denunciation, beneath the crest of a moor's head, issuing
from a ducal coronet :

Si quis hunc librum rapiat scelestus,
Atque furtivis manibus prehendat, J

Pergat ad tetras Acherontis undas |

Non rediturus.

And, inasmuch as all other book-protecting maledic-
tions must sound weak after this one, it may as well
conclude this portion of our subject

' M. Poukt-Malassis, p. 42.

i BOOK-PLATES OF HISTORIC

INTEREST.
It may have struck the reader, while perusing our dated
list in the last chapter but one, that rather a dull and dead
level of mediocrity prevailed among the owners of libraries
in the days of good Queen Anne.

We found in that catalogue more hereditary rank than
intellectual eminence. It contained politicians of the
stamp of Halifax, pushing placemen like Percival, worthy
and wealthy civic lights like Clayton, substantial squires
like Townelcy.

In this chapter no such reflection can be made ; the
book-plates which follow belong to men of fibre very
different ; in some department of human energy or
mental excellence these men were in the van. They did
not merely stamp their names upon the labels of their
libraries, but upon the pages of our national history. It
is interesting merely to hold in your hand a book that
once belonged to one of them.

Gilbert Burnet heads the list.' The great whig partisan
divine, who landed with Dutch William atTorbay; whom
Sancroft refused to consecrate to Sarum ; whose good-
humoured but unrefined features, in his wig of many curls,
beam out of old frontispieces. The bustling, noisy, boast-
ful man, who settled between William and Mary the knotty
point of their equal rank upon the throne. Full of ability

' If Lord deTabley had himself lived to produce a second edition of
this work Samuel Pepys would doubtless have headed this list, for I
find the following quotation noted in the author's own copy, ^]z. : —
'2ist July 1668. Went to ray plate makers and there spent an hour
about contriving my little plates for my books at the King's four yards '
{Pepy^s Afejnoirs, Braybrooke edition, vol. iv. p. 488).— Editor.

Guide to Book-Plaies.

yet full of indiscretion. Chronicler of his own times,
the historian of the Reformation ; theologian, debater,
pamphleteer; honest amid general venality, and merciful
when rancour was the order of the day.

Gilbert Burnet, Lord Bishop of Salisbury, Chancellor of
the most Noble Order of the Garter.

Arms — Az., the Holy Virgin and Child, with sceptre in
her left hand, all or ; impaling ar. in chief three holly leaves
vert, in base a bugle-horn stringed sa. (for Burnet), encircled
with the garter and ensigned with an episcopal mitre ;
crozier and key in saltire behind arms. Slightly foliated
angular inscription scroll, Mr. Carson, Mr, Franks, &c.

The ex-libris bears no date ; but, as Burnet was
appointed to the See of Salisbury in 16S9, and died in
1715, it, of course, falls between those years. (See plate 9.)

Next comes the interesting and important plate of
William Penn, the courtly Quaker, whose position at
Whitehall, as the tool of such a shallow tyrant as James,
seems so irreconcilable with his career as a sturdy and
far-sighted pioneer of civilisation in the far west.

William Penn Es^ Proprietor of Pensylvania : 1703.
Arms — Ar. on a fesse sa. three plates. Crest — A demi
lion ramp. ar. gorged with a collar sa., charged with three
plates. Motto — Dum. clavum teneam. Mantling, less
rolled than usual, to the base of the quite plain shield,
showing a good deal of sable inner lining. Motto scroll
narrow and small. Name-bracket slightly indented above,
waved beneath. Carson. (See plate 10.)

Though a Quaker, William Penn seems by no means to
have disdained his due amount of heraldic display, The
phrase 'proprietor of Pensylvania,' renders the ex-libris a
vivid record of the past. The book-plate of Thomas
Penn, his son, reads — of Stoke Pogeis in tlu County of Bucks,
first {i.e. chini'i) proprietor of Pe7isilvania (sic).

It is interesting to be brought face to face with the

1. -^^ ji

■

[No. 8.]

A Guide to Book-Plates. 107

book-piate of Robert Harley, Queen Anne's great minister,
who managed the House of Commons as few statesmen
have had the tact to manage it since. No orator, and no
great courtier ; but with a cool head and keen eye ; who
knew how to gain men to his side as proud and bitter as
a certain Vicar of Laracor ; who understood the time and
England ; and, whether in the Tower, or in his library at
Brampton, when his exit from the drama had been made,
took life easily and smiled at the ups and downs of fortune.
Here is his ex-libris —

Robert Harley of Brampton Castle in the County 6/
Hereford Esq'. Arms — Quarterly, first, or, a bend, cotised
sa. (and 19 other quarterings). Crest — A castle, triple-
towered, ar., out of the middle tower a lion issuant, gu.
Motto — Virtute et Fide. Simple, sparsely cut mantling of
the seventeenth century style (as on the plate of Gwyn),
ending on each side in two tassels. The name appears on
a bracket below, which is composed of a single indented
line, s by 3|. W. In two sizes. This book-plate dates
between 1690 and 1700.

After Harley, whose generosity smoothed the adversity
of his latter days, may appropriately follow the book-plate
of Matthew Prior, the wit, politician, and graceful lyrist
of the palmy reign of Anne. This was the 'thin hollow-
looked man,' who used to pace round the park with Swift
to make himself fat, whiic the doctor walked for the
opposite reason, namely, to keep himself down. Mat was
a cheery companion for all his 'hollow-look,' and took
his glass and his share in the talk well ; whether with
Pope and Bolingbroke, or the soldier and his wife in
Long Acre. He got to be Secretary of Legation at the
Hague, and at last Ambassador at Paris ; but he could
not assume that style till haughty Duke Shrewsbury had
returned home, who did not relish being commissioned

io8

A Guide to the

with a vintner's son. After the Queen's death and the
fall of his friends, Mat met with bad days, and to keep
himself going, published his poems in foHo by subscrip-
tion ; and a wonderful subscription list it is — full of great
names. Here is his book-plate.

Matthew Prior Esq'. The Prior escutcheon set in a
broad scale-covered Jacobean framework. Arms — Vert,
a bend or cotised ar.; above in the centre of the frame-a,
cherub's head with wings. At right and left upper ex-
tremity of the shield -border, a small angel is seated with a
trumpet. Below, on an angle of the frame, is Mars, likewise
seated, helmeted and holding a gorgon-headed shield. On
the other side, as pendant, appears Apollo with his lyre.
The name, as above, occurs beneath the design. Collection
of W. B. Scott, Esq., Notes and Queries, 6th S., i. 179.

The genial author of Tristram Shandy writing to John
Hall Stevenson, from Coxwould, under date of July 28th
1761, says — 'I have bought seven hundred books at a
purchase, dog-cheap — and many good^and I have been
a week getting them set up in my best room here.' ^
In the pride of this purchase he probably caused the
following book-plate to be engraved. It shows in its
accessories a clear affinity to the ex-Hbris of his close
friend David Garrick. In earlier days, before Yorick had
burst in sudden blaze upon the town in 1760, the Reverend
Mr. Sterne seems to have depended for his rarer literature
on the book-shelves of Eugenius (John Hall Stevenson) ;
who carried on at Crazy Castle (Skelton Castle near
Guisborough) rather free social gatherings of the Medmen-
ham flavour; and who seems to have amassed a notable
collection of bibliographic ' facetise.' Sterne's ex-libris is
as follows —

• Works of Laurence Sterne ii
Johnson, etc., 1798, 8vo. Vol. ix

1 volumes complete. London :

Study of i

\-Plates.

109

The bust of a youngish man with straight features
(Qy. Juvenal or Martial), placed on a slab. To right and
left of the bust lies a closed book. On the first volume is
inscribed Alas, poor Yorick ! On the second Tristram
Shandy. Below, across the outer face of the stone-work
of the slab, is written in cursive hand Laurence Sterne.
The vignette is ovally encircled above by a bordure of
sipping olive or palm-leaves. The features of the bust are
regular like those of Augustus on his denarius. (Mr.
Russell Smith, Soho Square.) It is likely enough that
Sterne designed his own book-plate. He was both a
musician and an artist of the usual amateur level. During
his visit to Rome he designed three illustrations for the
poems of one Michael Wodhull. The book did not appear
till after Sterne's death in 1772.^ The first design is of
Helicon with Pegasus and Hippocrene in the foreground.
It is signed L. Stern {sic) del Roma, I. A. Falduni inc..
The second design is the prettiest. It is allegoric A
river-nymph reclines upon her urn in the foreground, by
the side of a lake or stream. Behind, is another form,
holding a lyre, with three flying cupids buzzing round
her head, like flies in hot weather. The scene is laid
in a pasture, outside a wood. In artistic merit it is only
moderate. This plate is signed precisely as the last. The
third design, also similarly signed, represents a dryad
reclining again by a sedge-grown pool ; a wooded hill
appears behind. It is the worst of the three, and a very
poor performance. But even Sterne's failures as an artist
are interesting. Returning to his book-plate, if not dis-
tinctly assignable to 1761, it must clearly date between
1760, the year of Tristram Shandy's first two volumes,
and Sterne's death in 1768.

' Foems by Michael Wodhull, Esq., London, Printed by W.
Bowyer and J. Nichols, 1772, sm, 410.

A Guide to i

David Garrick's book-plate ought to have preceded his
friend's, of which it is to some extent the prototype. The
reputation of the Garrick library is well known. It was
rich, inter alia, in priceless Shakspearian quartos. No
bibliophile will blame their collector for not allowing Dr.
Johnson to take these home with him, when engaged upon
his edition of Shakspeare. The great Cham of literature
greased and dog-eared such volumes as were confided to
his tender mercies, with the same indifference with which
he singed his own wigs. Yet he made it quite a grievance
against "Davie" that these dramatic treasures were not
offered with alacrity to his slovenly keeping. This is the
library label which these books contained — David Garrick,
The name is inscribed with ornamental flourishes on an
oblong oval framework, faintly Chippendale in its style.
This is garnished about with festoons of roses, a branch of
oak, mask and punchinello, quiver and pan-pipe. Below
the frame-work hang in a cluster, a lyre, sceptre, sword
goblet, and crown, being, of course, theatrical ' properties.'
The bust of Shakspeare crowns the design. Below is
written — La premiere chose gu'on doit f aire guand on a em-
prunti un Livre dest de le lire afin de pouvoir le rendre
pl&tdt. Menagiana, Vol.JV. (A motto repeated on many
other ex-libris.) The plate is signed /. Wood tn. et sc. The
signature is minute, and may be readily overlooked,
(Plate II, p. 149.)

Horace Walpole was nearly sure A priori to have had
a book-plate. The leading characteristic of that extra-
ordinary mind was an intense love of detail, and apprecia-
tion for all that was curious, abnormal, or exaggerated.
This faculty made him of letter-writers the most delightful ;
this made him among collectors a very Briareus. This
drove him to accumulate every species of gimcrack.
This piled Strawberry Hill from basement to attic with
, painted glass, miniatures, engravings, chimney

study of Book-Plates. 1 1 1

glasses, snuff-boxes, medals, intaglios, rings, a Norman
pair of bellows, Anne Boleyn's clock — in fact, with all
that marvellous farrago of curiosities, over which in
later times George Robins, the auctioneer, was to be so
pathetically eloquent. Horace Walpole has left us three
very distinct book-plates which we give in the order of
their engraving,

Mr. Horatio Walpole. Arms — Or, on a fesse betw. two
chevrons sa. three crosses crosslet of the first, a mullet for
difference.! Crest — The bust of a man in profile couped,
ppr. ducally crowned or ; and from the coronet flowing a
long cap, turned forwards, gu. tasselled gold, charged with
a Catherine- wheel of the last. Motto — Pari quee sentiat —
on an undulated scroll above stiff voluminous mantling
from the helmet. The name on a cloth, tied up in ribbon
at each corner, and connected with the shield by numerous
strings. 2\ by 2 in. Engraved doubtless for Horace
Walpole as a young man.^

When Horace Walpole acceded, late in life, in 1791, to
the Earldom of Orford, he caused a second ex-libris to be
engraved, which reflects something of the ' gothicism ' of
the Castle of Otranto, and Strawberry Hill. It represents
a mediaeval seal, reading round the exergue — Sigillum
Horatii Comitis de Orford. Inside are placed the arms —
Or, on a fesse between two chev. sa. three crosses crosslet
of the first. The escutcheon is encircled by a gothic,
medal-like pattern of loops and arches. At first glance
it might pass for the engraving of a coin of Edward the

' Horace Walpole was the third son of Sir Robert Walpole, the
minister ; the eldest of the family was Robert, afterwards second Earl
of Orford ; and the second son was Sir Edward Walpole, sometime
chief Secretary of Ireland, who died unmarried.

' We give here a naturally associated book-plate. Sr. Horatio
Mann. Arms— So., on a fesse, counter-embattled, betw. three goats
pass. ar. as many pellets. The design is unusual ; the escutcheon is
slung sideways with a great ring at the top, thro' which the motto-
sctoll— Ptfr ardua stabilis — passes.

112 A Guide to the

third's period. Anyhow, as a mediaeval revival, this book-
plate cannot be held to attain any great success.

At the very opposite pole of aesthetic taste is Horace
Walpole's third ex-libris, which is a woodcut executed for
him by Thomas Bewick ; and may thus be described. Fari
qua sentiat. No other inscription. A view of the House
at Strawberry Hill ; clouds above and park-like pasture
around it. A bordering of a withered over-arching tree,
mantled with rose-briars, bramble-berries, honey-suckles,
etc., rises from the right of the book-plate and bends across
its whole upper margin. In this ' bush ' aloft is swung the
Walpole escutcheon, blazoned as before; and the motto,
as given above, occupies a ribbon, twisted in and out of
the dead sprays. To the left, is a strange shrub, bearing
star-like fruits or blossoms, and, behind it, a clump of
trees. There is no signature. I have also the same
design, somewhat varied, on copper.

The name of John Wilkes occupies the next book-plate :
the turbulent member for Aylesbury, the gay Colonel of
the Bucks Militia ; courageous without principle ; socially
fascinating without sincerity; scholar and fine gentleman,
demagogue and voluptuary ; the originator of the North.
Briton; the scourge of the Bute Administration ; Mr. John
Pylades, as Walpole calls him, to the Rev. Mr. Charles
Orestes, the satirist Charies Churchill, Him, Jack Wilkes,
posterity will see for ever, as Hogarth's pencil has immor-
talised htm, sitting so easily — the verj' man to a shade —
and leering, the satyr-patriot, beneath his cap of liberty.
He has left us an equal number of book-plates with
Horace Walpole, though they are less varied.

John Wilkes,— on a corniced bracket supporting the
escutcheon, which is unframed, but is flanked on each side
with a loosely clinging border of springing oak-branches
outermost and palm-branches innermost. Arms — Or, a

Study of Book-plates. 1 1 3

chev. betw. three vultures' heads erased sa., differenced
with a crescent gu. Crest — On a mount vert, a crossbow
erect or, round it, on a scroll, this motto — Arcui meo non
confido. The escutcheon has no limiting margin at its
base, but is worked imperceptibly into the foliated
bordering about it. Signed — Darly inv. et sculp.

This is the best of Jack Wilkes's three book-plates
though certainly not the earliest in date. Here is another,
engraved about 1755, when Wilkes was twenty-seven.

John Wilkes Esq'. Arms — as before; but the escut-
cheon is set in a Chippendale frame, with the usual shell-
work and flowers. The motto scroll in this example is
not placed on the crossbow in the crest, but appears at
the base of the design. A third book-plate, the latest of
the three, is thus : — John Wilkes, F.R.S. Arms as before.
The escutcheon is unframed, but is flanked by two palm
branches, ribboned together at their base.

The book-plate of the Right Hon*'"- Charles James
Fox comes last, a politician of a type that has long ceased
to exist ; whose brilliant reputation as a statesman was
continually hampered and weighted by a strange and mor-
bid passion for the gaming-table. On this ex-libris Fox
only appears as the Honourable, a prefix to which, as
second son of Henry, first Lord Holland, he had, of course,
full right. Fox would not become a 'Right Honourable'
until 1782, in which year he was appointed Secretary of
State. This book-plate therefore dates between 1768
(his election under age for Midhurst) and the former
year.

The Honble Charles James Fox. Arms — Ermine, on a

chevron azure three foxes' heads erased or, on a canton of

the second a fleur-de-lis of the third. Crest — On a chapeau

az. turned up, erm. ; a fox sejant, or. (No motto or scroll.)

; Mantling to base of shield, stiffly foliated ; its inner lining

114

A Guide to Book-Plates.

hatched sable; name on a plain wavy-edged bracket. And
with the name of Fox must close our historic series.

Thus, by the fortuitous survival of a slender link, which
is common to them all — namely, the preservation of a
label for their respective books — a strange assemblage of
stirring names has been brought together within the
limits of the present chapter ; names representing men of
types widely distinct ; names suggesting a vast range of
intellectual ability.

Let us pass them again in review, Gilbert Burnet,
William Penn, Robert Harley, Matthew Prior. These are
great shadows of England's Augustan age ; they trod the
anterooms of Anne and of Dutch William, the deliverer.
They have almost passed into antiquity. But with the later
contingent we have more concern: — Laurence Sterne,
David Garrick, Horace Walpole, John Wilkes, Charles
James Fox. Our grandfathers talked with these men.
They are ' old-fashioned,' but not yet classical.

MOTTOES CONCERNING BOOKS, OR
IN PRAISE OF STUDY.

We place at the head of this section a rather solemn de-
nunciation against light literature, taken from a very weird
book-plate of about 1750, which no doubt belonged to a
theologian. The design is as follows : — A skeleton is seated
on an oblong, raised, coffin-shaped, stone tomb. In his
right hand are a pair of scales, in which the lighter balance
contains a scroll, lettered, Dan. v. 25, Mene Teckel. In his
left hand is a scythe. Behind are two other marble monu-
ments ; one, a high square family vault with a frieze of fes-
toon work ; the other, an urn and pedestal embossed with
classical subjects. In the farther background are three
Lombardy poplars or cypresses and a line of remote hills.
The whole design is enclosed in a monumental stone-
work frame, apparently on a church wall. In a draped
medallion above is — E. Bibliotheca Woogiana. Below, on
an oblong unshaded slab, occurs this strange device : —
Nominor d libra : libratus ne levis unqumn
Inveniar, pr<ssta pondere, Ckriste, tuo.
And below this, outside the design, A. Wemerin del: C. F,
Boetius sculp. 6x 3J in. W.

Now the couplet must be rendered — I, the book (liber)
am named, or etymologically derived from a weight (libra) ;
and, lest at any time I should be found light or frivolous
in my contents, etc. Of course, there is more punning than

ii6

A Guide to the

etymology m this connection. But that was the fashion
of the day,^

There are five varieties of this ex-libris of the Bibliotheca
Woogiana. The larger specimens bear the signatures of
the designer and engraver with their initials. The small
sizes are signed only — Boetius sc. Some sizes are unsigned.
The same play upon liber and libra occurs on this curious
example, which is a good pendant to the last ex-libris.
Ex libris Petri de Matidat in Magna Regis Consilio Sena-
ioris. Design — a negro in a short apron, otherwise un-
draped, standing at full length. His right hand rests on
an escutcheon. Arms — az. a cross ar. His left hand holds
a pair of scales. Above, in a scroll — Cum numen kabet
justumgue. 4° j^neid. Below the negro is written :—
Inde cruce hinc trutina armatus regique deoque
Milito, Disco meis fuse duo nempe libris.
Which may be explained— Armed on this hand with the
cross (in the coat of arms) ; and on this side with the pair
of scales, I fight for my King and my God. I learn these
two (duties) indeed from my books (or ' from my balances,'
as libris means both). Magni Regis is, of course, the grand
Monarque ; which dates the book-plate before 1715. W.

Here is another ecclesiastical book-plate of M. Gottfried I
Balthazar Scharff Archidiac. ad SS, Trin. Svidnic.
Smpe parum juvit tarn multos volvere libros;

Christe, tuum mortem volvere smpejuvat.
Tot libros inter quantd versamur in umbrd I

Hie sine sol umbra splendidus exoritur:
Lectio librorum sine Te labor omnis in umbra est.
In Cruce da lucem cernere, Christe, tud.
Design — a table, curtain, drapery, and a background of

1 Mr. Carson suggests that woge may be old German for -wage, a
balance. If so, the owner of the book-plate, not the book, speaks in
the couplet

Study of Book-Plates. 1 1 7

library shelves. Affixed to the centre of these is a square
scroll, on which appears a crucifix. Above is written —
Sine umbra\ below, Bibliotkeca Scharfiana. (1750) (Mr.
Franks.) The city in which Scharff was Archdeacon
was Suidnitium or Suvidnia, now Schweidnitz, a town of
Prussian Silesia, and capital of a principality. Books
exist printed there in 1683.^

Let us take yet a third book-plate of a priest, this time
quite untinged with any ascetic gloom. For, indeed, a
charming Flemish interior is presented to us in the ex-libris
of Louis Bosch, whose name is given merely in initials on
his book-plate, which is engraved by Fruytiers, about the
same date 1750.' Bosch was the clergyman of Tamise, a
village ten English miles south-west of Antwerp. Design —
The priest (perhaps a portrait), in a long cassock and with
short rolled back hair, is seated in an armchair, writing at
a table with a heavy fringed cloth. On the table are books
and a large erect crucifix ; a curtain and tassels hang above
it. Behind the writer is a many-paned window. The rest
of the room is completely filled with bookshelves. The
initials L. B. occur across a huge folio on the floor. The
picture is enclosed all round in an irregular convoluted
shell-work frame, at the base of which a ribbon band,
stretched across its curves and twists, reads —
In tali nunquam lassat venatio sylva.
{A hunt in suck aforest wearies never.)
The sylva being the rows and ranks of his reverence's
books. In the left corner is L. fruytiers f: We know no
other book-plate which is so strictly a picture as this.
Perhaps it is copied from L. Bosch's portrait picture in
oils by some Flemish artist. (See plate 13, p. 179.)
' Coiion Tyfio^. Gas. (First Series) (1831) p. 275-
* * Louis Bosch, PrfCre de t'Oratoire et cur^ de Tamise, dont le
catalogue fut public i. Louvain, en 1765.' — M. de Rtiffenbergy p. 13.

ii8 A Guide to Book-Plates.

We can now pass to lay book-plates. /, M, Andrade
also employs a simile between books and vegetation. He
engraves the fruited wild strawberry, half masked by its
leaves, with inter folia fructus inscribed below. Mary
Berry also utilises this same motto and design in England
(iSlo), with perhaps a further play upon the strawberry
and her own surname. A third recent German ex-libris,
with the initials O. J., repeats the motto, adding a
charming design of children under a leafy arbour of vine
props, laden with grape-clusters.

The next batch of mottoes all recommend more or less
directly a small library, as opposed to a large one. Let
citizen Francis Bissari head the list. He exhorts that no
one should collect more tomes than he can read, and rather
quaintly insists, on the authority of Nero's tutor, that a
multitude of books distracts the mind — Ex libris civis
Francisd Bissari. Distrahit animutn librorum multitudo,
itaque cum legere non possis quantum habueris, sat est habere
quantum legas. Senec, Ep. 2. (i7S0-) I" the same spirit
B. A. Diesbach a Carrouge {iSo^) advises Noa multa legere
sed tnultum. A recent book-plate, inscribed G. L. D.
Bibliotheca, has Pauci sed cari. While ex libris Johannis
Loubry (1780) adds — Exiguus nobis, sed bene cultus ager —
meaning. My library is small but well thumbed. A
modern Spanish book-plate, initialed C. M., puts this
proverbially, after the manner of that people — Libras y
amicos,pogos y bonos.

It is a little singular that so much praise of scanty
collections should be found on book-plate mottoes.

Not so the Bibliotheca Cortiniana speaks. There is no
fear of heaping up volumes here — Egregios cumulare libros
prcBclara suppellex. They are the best kind of riches, says
J. L. Pettigrew — The wealth of the soul is the only true

[No. 9.]

A Guide to Book-Plates. 121

wealth, for so we literally translate the hexameter from
Lucian, which his ex-libris bears,

' Work hard, night and day ' ; so advises the Bibliothkque
de M. Houbigant ; on which book-plate appears a classi-
cally attired damsel studying with an antique lamp,
burning on a column before her ; and a sphinx carved in
stone at her feet, with this Horatian motto — NoctumA
versate manu, versate diurnd. The versatile A . E. Tsckamer
is in the same key, he inscribes — ' S'occuptr t^est savoir
jouir' and depicts above books, globe, palette, telescope,
and all the implements of his varied accomplishments.
Yet some lighter studies may be advantageously blended
with more solid reading; at least so thinks Daniel
Girtaner, who surrounds his name with a circular mould-
ing of poppies and roses, bearing Viile miscere dulci.
Temper wisdom with wit.

Junctam Mercurio Pallada Phabus amat. This sugges-
tion is taken from the ex libris Gear. Nicol a Merz (1750);
whose arms have, as supporters, a boy and a girl,
masquerading as Mercury and Minerva. Philosophemur
— says abruptly an anonymous Chippendale plate, (1760)
engraved by 7". B. Green, London ; cultivate, in effect, a
philosophic temper. Your studies will bring you peace
of mind — Animus si wquus, quod petis hie est. This we
get from the Rev. John Lloyds ex-libris, dated 1730.
Knowledge is never burdensome, inculcates Thos. Robinson
Coll: Mert. Socius (1730) of Merton College, Oxford ; for
says he, quoting Cicero, Delectant domi non impediuntforis?-
William B. (jwk* (1780) writes amid festoons round his
armorial shield — Studiis et Uteris res seeundtE omantur,
advers<B adjuvantur. Jno Lowe of Ridley Hall (1770)
represents a cupid kneeling on the grass upon a pile of

' The motto appears on the plate aijohn Wilmot (1750) and of
' R. H.' (R. Hoblyn) Commoner of Corpus Collie, Oxford.

122 A Guide to the

books and fastening up the Lowe arms by a leaf festoon
to the conventional broken oak tree. Dukes ante omnia
muste — is written on a ribbon twisted in and out of the
herbage.

The next examples treat of the consolatoiy powers of
study. My books ike silent friends of joy and woe. This is
cut on rock in a rustic vignette, after Bewick, by Bonner,
for W. B. Ckorley of Liverpool. A French advocate echoes
the sentiment ; In solitudine solamen exclaims D. de
S' Maurice in supremd ralionunt curid presses (1750).
Laboris duke lenimen — says M. C. C. Gerkenius (1750).
Other folks announce that they mean to take their ease
in their library. Count Costerbosa gives us his arms, with
a rampart Pegasus, an eagle, and a smoking censer, and
inscribes his book-plate, quite in the great style — Otiis
Comitis Costerbosa! An anonymous French ex-libris,
bearing date 1736, reads merely — Sic propriis consuluit
otiis. The plate of Herbert facob Esq" of 5' Stephens in
Kent, a most delicate piece of Jacobean engraving (1740),
bears Otium cum Libris. 'F. A.,' whose initials float in
ribbons and rose festoons (17S0), has two mottoes.
quid datur oti

Illudo libris ; hoc est mediocribus illis
ex vitiis unum.
And again on a scroll above —

Indocti distant, ament metnimsse periti.
The early German ex-libris are often found to bear texts
of Scripture, which are neither family mottoes, nor have
any reference to books or study ; for instance — Pietas
ad omnia utilis, etc. — Vulnera Christi credentium voluptas,
both on ex-libris of the Kress family at Nuremburg ;
with these we have here no concern. There is, however,
one exception, the text-motto occurring on Firckhcimer's

Study of Book-Plates. 123

book-plate,^ which seems to indicate the right mental
mood in which a student should lay up stores of learning
— Iniciuin Sapientiiz Timor Domini. This is about the
earliest motto on a book-plate, to which the heading of
this chapter applies, and with this we shall conclude.

' Frontispiece.

ENGRAVERS OF FOREIGN
BOOK-PLATES.

This list is a mere beginning, but it seems right that
a. beginning should be made. Our materials are at
present very imperfect; but they will hereafter congre-
gate and crystallise more readily round a definite nucleus,
however small. In its general plan, the following cata-
logue is compelled, of necessity, to embrace an area of
very wide extent. It is offered as the commencement of
a record of foreign engravers and designers of ex-libris,
down to the year 1830. That is to say, all such names
signing book-plates in Germany, Italy, Spain, the Nether-
lands, Switzerland, Sweden, etc, are included in its scope.
Of other European countries, such as Russia or Portugal,
no signed examples have as yet come to hand.

Practically speaking, Germany alone will be found to
furnish two-thirds of the present list. Italian and Spanish
book-plates are numerically fewer and very inaccessible
to an English collector. And of the scanty number which
reach this country, only a small percentage will be signed.

But in Germany, ample materials exist for compiling
a very voluminous list of engravers, and this no doubt
will some day be done. In Germany, ex-libris have
undoubtedly existed for more than three centuries and a
half. The Teutonic portion of Europe is, besides, of great
geographical extent. Certainly, the German list ought
to double, and perhaps treble, the French one.

A Guide to Book-Plates.

>25

Now for France, alone of European nations, such a
catalogue of book-plate engravers has already been
compiled. It shows about 270 names during the seven-
teenth and eighteenth centuries. It is to the industry
and exhaustive research of M. Poulet-Malassis that this
catalogue is due, and to it our readers should by all means
refer. We shall not, therefore, here repeat any signature
which has already figured in the French list. Indeed, be-
yond the addition of half a dozen engravers of French book-
plates, who have come to light since the second edition of
the Ex'libris Fran^ais, France may be regarded as prac-
tically excluded from our present enumeration. It seemed
superfluous to repeat here second-hand information, which
most readers of the present monograph already possess
in its original form. We shall more advance the general
study of book-plates by diverging into new and hitherto
unexplored provinces of investigation.

In Germany, artists and engravers of very great emin-
ence have condescended to design undoubted ex-libris.
Of those who did so, no less a name than Albert Durer's
will head the list. Into such works of his as are, or may
be, book-plates, we shall go with some minuteness, But
the greater proportion also of the ' lesser masters '
designed coats of arms, among which a good percentage
will hereafter doubtless prove to be ex-libris. When a
collector meets with one of these early German woodcuts
of escutcheons still in situ, it is very desirable that a
record should be always preserved of the volume in which
the special example has done service as an ex-libris.^
The fact of its having been so used is an important,
though not by itself conclusive, link in the evidence, A
mere cursory glance through one or two of Bartsch's

' And fa.r better, funds permitting, to preserve both the book and
its pUte intact.

126

A Guide to the

twenty-one volumes shows, among the armoiries of his
various engravers, a rich mine for the critical disinterrer of
early German book-plates. It is much to be wished that
some one, properly qualified as a print-collector, an ex-
librist, and a herald, would undertake this special depart-
ment of book-plate investigation. The ex-librist of the
early German engravers would, I am convinced, if ex-
haustively investigated, of themselves constitute a mono-
graph equal in length to the present essay.

Returning to Albert Durer. We shall take first the
best known of his book-plates, the fine woodcut' designed
for his friend Bilibald Pirckheimer, the Nuremburg jurist,
of whom he also engraved a portrait on copper, dated
1524. This ex-libris is not signed, but the best authorities
concur in naming Durer as its designer, but not as its
cutter upon the wood-block. The important point about
this Pirckheimer plate, and also about the Ebner plate
which follows, is this : both bear the distinctive word
Liber, which places beyond all doubt the purpose for
which each woodcut was intended.

This is the Pirckheimer library plate — Liber Bilibaldi
Pirckheimer — inscribed on a plain narrow tablet at the
base of the plate ; above this are angels at play ; one
bears a little target-shield, another a stick with four
spokes at its end.^ The central portion of the design is
occupied by a magnified helmet, on which is placed
the equally large crest This is the head, shoulders,
and armless trunk of an elderly, bearded man ; the fore-
head bears a crown of thorns with nails projecting above
the wreath outline. Below the crested helmet appear
two escutcheons, side by side : these are somewhat small
as compared with crest or helmet. The dexter shield is

' Frontispiece.
» The toy called a
a Swedish turnip.

'windmill.' The other boy-angel si

Study of Book-plates. 127

per fess, and bears the birke or birch-tree, a canting allusion
to the jurist's name ; * the sinister is also per fess, charged
with a mermaid with two tails, crowned, holding her tails
in her hands. These are the arms of Margretha Rieterin,
the wife of Pirckheimer. Embracing the helmet, and as
supporters to the heraldry, appear two larger boy-angels.
At each lateral margin of the plate is placed a long kind
of cornucopia formed of intertwisted ribbon-like weavings.
In the mouth of each cornucopia are seen vine-leaves and
grape-bunches; in among these stand two diminutive
corresponding angels, bearing one end of a festoon, of
similar fruit and foliage, which swings across the plate to
a ram's head ornament in the upper centre of the design.
Level with the crest is inscribed — Sibi et amicis P. ; and at
the top of the plate — Inicimn Sapienti(Z Timor Domini,
with translations of the same text superadded in Greek
and in Hebrew. A woodcut, nearly 7x5 in. W. See
the frontispiece.

The history of the Pirckheimer library is rather curious.
Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel (1580-1645), was the
father of all English collectors, and employed agents to
seek out for him rarities in various foreign countries: of
him Peacham says — 'to whose liberal charges and
magnificence this angle of the world oweth the first sight
of Greek and Roman statues.'' The Earl amassed a
magnificent collection ; the very ruins of which, says
Walpole, are ornaments now to several principal cabinets.
He is at the present day only remembered for the marbles
which bear his name. Walpole states that Lord Arundel
' purchased part of the library of the Kings of Hungary
from Perkeymerus; Henry, Duke of Norfolk (to whom it
descended), by persuasion of Mr. Evelyn, bestowed it

' So the English family of Ashbumer bears an ash-tree proper
for crest.
' Compleat Gentleman, p. 107 (quoted by Walpole, see infra).

128

A Guide to the

on the Royal Society.' • Be it noted, however, that the
Pirckheimer of whom the Earl purchased could not have
been Bihbald himself, but may have been a great-nephew
or a grandson. A few years ago, a good many volumes of
this Pirckheimer library, most of them containing the
Durer ex-libris, were sold by the Royal Society as dupli-
cates ; one of these I purchased for the sake of the book-
plate, as did most other book-plate collectors at that time.

By the side of the Durer library plate was pasted the
Chippendale (1760) ex-libris of the Royal Society; this
gives their arms, crest, and motto,'^ but does not bear
the Royal Society's name. In all the other volumes of the
Pirckheimer library which I have seen, these two book-
plates were placed one by the other.

Next in importance of Durer's works, for the purposes
of this essay, is the ex-libris of Hieronymus Ebner. It is
as follows : — Liber Hieronimi Ebner, inscribed across the
base of the book-plate. Above appear, side by side, two
shields, bearing the Ebner and Fiihrer arms. The dexter
escutcheon is pily paly, for Ebner : the sinister shield
bears the dexter half of an escutcheon charged with
a wheel, impaling the sinister half of a shield charged
with a fleur-de-lis (this is called ' dimidiating ') for Fiihrer.
Crest — Two pipe-like horns. (The Chalumeaux of such
constant recurrence in German crest heraldry.) Sup-
porters — Two boys. Above the shields in the centre is
the date 1516. Along the upper margin of the design
is inscribed — Deus Refugium meum. Bartsch,^ vol. vii.

^ Anecdotes of Painting in England: London, Murray, 1871, p.
159; and London and its Environs, vol. 7., p. 301. Dodsley, 1761.

^ Ar. on a quarter gu. three lions pass, guard, in pale or. Nullius
in verba. See also W. B. S., in N. ^ Q., 6th S., i. 178. This
associated book-plate is there mentioned as belonging to one of
the Howard family.

' Le Peintre Graiieur, in i\ vols. Vienna, 1802-1821.

Study of Book-Plates.

129

(under Albert Durer) about 5 in. by 4. This is the earliest
dated book-plate of which I have any record.

The book-plate of Hector Pomer, Provost of the Church
of St. Laurence at Nuremberg, is also ascribed by Bartsch
to Albert Durer, though probably cut in the wood by a
certain engraver, R, A., who signs it It seems pretty
certain now that Durer only made the designs for the
woodcuts known as his. The more mechanical operation
of cutting was handed over to subsidiary assistants. That
this Pomer plate, important from its early date, 1525, is
an ex-libris seems clear, both from analogies to the Pirck-
heimer design ; and from the fact that a correspondent
oi Notes and Queries possesses a contemporary volume in
which it is so used.^ I also purchased a second variation
of this Pomer woodcut, whose usage as an ex-libris I can
guarantee. The book-plate is described by Bartsch and
' H. W. T.' There is also a specimen in the Lempertz
collection.

Omnia Munda A'lundis (repeated also in Greek and
Hebrew)^ D. Hector Pomer Prapos. S. Laur. These in-
scriptions are placed at the base of the plate. The large
central shield is quarterly, first and fourth, a gridiron;
second and third, per bend sa. in chief bendy of four
(Pomer). Helmet, mantling, and crest, which is an armless
demi nun-like figure, hooded. Round the whole, an arbouror
columnar arcade of fruit and festoons. In each comer of
the design hangs a small escutcheon, inclining towards the
centre ; first, the arms of Pomer ; second, two cocks addorsed
sa. (for Kummel); third, three roses in bend sinister (for
SchmidmaierofSchwarzenbruckorMunsterer); fourth, two
gooses' heads addorsed (for Bergmeister?). As supporter,

' 3rd. S. viii. 308. 'H. W. T.' is apparently
m of his plate to Durer.

' Compare the similar trilingual rendering on

of the ascrip-

I30

A Guide to the

appears St. Laurence, holding in one hand a palm branch,
in the other a gridiron. In the left corner are the sig-
nature and date,^.^,, 1525.' These initials are suggested
by Bartsch as referring to the inferior wood-engraver
who cut Durer's design. 10 X 7| in.

This is the earliest dated ex-libris which is signed by
an artist. The next example is a mere variation upon the
last. It is a book-plate of the Pomer family, or very likely
of Hector Pomer himself, before he became Provost of
St. Laurence. It resembles the preceding in all respects ;
except that on the large central shield the Pomer arms
appear alone. There is no St. Laurence as supporter,
neither does the ex-libris bear any inscription, though
the bracket destined to receive the name is duly placed
at the base of the escutcheon, I have an example of this
woodcut, which has been indubitably put to the use of
an ex-libris. Bartsch also enumerates other coats of arms
attributed to Albert Durer, of which, doubtless, a good
proportion will prove to be book-plates. The following
descriptions are given to enable collectors to recognise
these woodcuts, all details concerning which are well
worth recording.

In estimating the probabilities as to which items of the
ensuing list are veritable cx-libris, size is also worth
consideration. Such armoiries as exceed 10 inches by 8
inches were possibly too large for use as book-plates, I
fix this limit by the largest German specimen in my
own series ; which, reading Ex bibliothec& Christoph. Jac.
Trew., M.D. (1730), is, of course, an undoubted ex-libris.
The design of this measures exactly 10 inches by S inches.
There is no blank exterior margin in my example. But it
seems that the Koburger folios at Nuremberg, in which the
Pirckheimer plates occur, have room for a label somewhat

' Bartsch gives the dale 1521. I follow the Lempertz example.

Shidy of Book-Plates.

larger. The inner cover of a Koburger of my own, date
1481, measures 14^ x 11 in., so that it could well
accommodate an ex-libris of 13x10 in. Book-plates
may exist of this size, but I have as yet never seen one.

We may also premise, that in this catalogue, when the
name of the family is enclosed in a parenthesis, it means
that the woodcut is anonymous. No tinctures are given.

(Beham Family.) Arms — per pale, a bend sinister
wavy. Crest— Kn eagle displayed, ducally gorged. No
inscription. 1 1 x 7f in. (W. B. Scott.) A. F.

(Kress of Kressenstein.) Arms — A sword in bend
sinister, point upwards. Crest — The armless trunk of
a man, holding a sword in his mouth. No inscription.
i3xioiin. (W.B. Scott.) A, F.

(Families of Scheurl and Geuder.) Dominus Dedit,
Dominus abstulit, Sicut Domino placuit, ita factum est,
inscribed on a bracket supported by an angel at the base
of the design. Dexter shield, a double-tailed griffin (for
Scheurl). Sinister, a triangle, at each angle an estoile
(for Geuder). Crest — A griffin. In each corner of the
design are four smaller shields ; three are left in blank,
the fourth bears the Scheurl griffin, as before. The whole
design is surrounded by a laurel wreath. N.B. — The text
is printed upon the bracket from movable types. 6Jx
Sj in. (W. B. Scott.) A. F.

John Stabius. Joann. Stabius. Flammeus ecce volat —
Sacra contulit arma. Arms — An eagle displayed. Above,
a combination of compasses, pincers, a ring, a palm-tree,
and a tree of some other kind. 11x7^ in. The original
wood-block is in the Imperial library at Vienna. There
is another variety of this woodcut.

Laurence Stabius. Romischer, Kayserlicher, und Hispa-
nisch^r Kon. Mayestat etc. Diener Laurentz Staiber. Omnia
ex Deo veniuntiind AUe dinskojnmen aus Gott. Arms —

132

A Guide to Book'Plates.

Per fesse, in chief, a leopard within a bordure quarterly,
in base, per bend sinister, a greyhound counter- changed.
Crest — A lion between two bull's horns. A second
variety of this cut exists, in which the text — in Latin and
German — is omitted. The lion of the crest is crowned,
and from the crown issue two standards. iSjx I2 in.

Anonymous — Soli Deo Gloria, on a bracket above.
Arms^h. savage man, sounding a hunting-horn, and
holding two greyhounds in a leash. Two vines, springing
from vases on each side, form an arch above the escut-
cheon. Durer's cypher appears on the left-hand vase,
6fx5|in. (W.B.Scott) A. F.

Kilgen von Berlingen. Kilgen von Berlingen at the
top of the design. Arms — A wheel. Crest — A wolf,
holding in his mouth a lamb. i6x lof in.

(Gabriel d'Eyb, Bishop of Aichstadt.) A rms — Quarterly,
first and fourth, a crozier ; second and third, three escal-
lops. Crests~¥\\^\, a hand holding a crozier ; second, a
swan with wings expanded. Below, the date is inscribed —
1525. No other inscription on the woodcut, 4i X 3 in.

John Ferenberger, Jokann. Ferenberger z» Egenberg:
Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, three lions' heads ;
second and third, two pallets. Crest — A peacock's tail
between two pipe-like horns. {Chalumeaux.) 16J x 13 in.

Dr. John Gasteb. Hans Gastgeb Doctor. Arms — On a
bar sinister a lion ramp. Crest — A wing.^ 7x4^ in,

(Family of Haller of Nuremberg.) Artns — Quarterly, first
and fourth, a pile in bend fimbriated ; second and third, per
fess, in chief a pile, in base a lion pass. Crests — First, a
demi-woman without arms between two pipe-like horns ;

' That is un detm-vol, the vol being the two wings conjoined
without the rest of the bird. In Latin, ala, two wings expanded,
ala simplex, a single wing.

A Guide to Book-Plates.

135

second, a wing and the horn of a buck (un demi-bois,
half an attire). 6J X 4J in.

Gabriel, Count of Ortenburg, etc. Gabriel^ Graf su
Ortenburg, Freiker zu Freistein nnd Carlespag, etc. Arms
— Quarterly, first and fourth, tierce in fess, five eaglets,
three in chief and two in base ; second and third, a
fleur-de-lis between two lions ramp, combatant. Crests,
three; all of wings, the first pair charged with a bar;
the second, semee of hearts; the third chained with a
demi-lion. 7jx 13 in.

(Rehen Family.) Arms — A bull. Crest — The same
bull repeated. At the base is placed the date M.D.XXVI.
No other inscription. 8x7 in.

John Revelles, Bishop of Vienna. Johannis Revelles
Grafiatensis(GTa.ria.da.), Episcopus Viennensis. Arms — First
and fourth, tierce in fess, in chief a cross crosslet ; second
and third, a moor's head betw. a rose and a pomegranate
slipped and leaved. The escutcheon is ensigned with the
episcopal mitre. Above is the date 1524. 17^ X 13 in.

John Scgger Zu Messenbach. Hanns Segger su Messen-
pach. Alls von Got. Arms—K ship in full sail. Crest —
A mast with an unfurled sail. 18 x 12 in.

Anonymous. Arms — A boar salient on a mountain
with three summits. Crest — Out of a crown a demi-boar
ramp. No inscription. 13x11 in.

Anonymous. Arms — A crown. Crest — A demi-savage
crowned with vine-leaves. A vacant inscription bracket
below, and an empty motto-scroll above. 17X 12 in.

Anonymous. Arms — Per pale, a bend. Crest — A pair
of wings, each charged with a bend. 13JX 11 in.

Anonymous. Arms — A fess betw. three lions' heads.
Above, to the left, two hands holding a vase of flowers.
No inscription. The wood-block is preserved at Vienna.
10x7 in. A. F.

136 A Guide to tke

Scheurl and Tucher (Mr. Hodgkin) reimpression.
plate in size and style much resembling the Pomer.

This concludes the catalogue of armoiries assigned fay
Bartsch to Albert Durer. Their descriptions will be found
under the master's name in the seventh volume of the
Peintre Graveur. It would be very interesting to dis-
entangle the genuine ex-libris from the rest of the series.

Let us take one more early German engraver, namely,
Jost Amman, It seems perfectly clear that he designed
and signed an ex-libris for the Nuremberg family of
Holzschuher, The wooden shoes or sabots appear as
charges on the shield. The supporters are two angels
and a lion. Signed below, J. A, 7JX6J in. on copper.
There are modern impressions of this ex-libris also current.

In the Allgemeines Kiinstlet's Lexicon (Leipsic, 1S72),
edited by Dr. Julius Meyer, are entered a number of
other armoiries engraved by this prolific artist ; but the
descriptions are so brief, that we know not which among
these coats of arms are or are not likely to be book-
plates. Here is the catalogue —

The family of Fernberger. Motto — Virtute duce, etc.
The arms of Fernberger and Furleger. Arms of the
Fletchtner family, with the mermaid. Arms of Julius
Geuder, with uninscribed name bracket. Arms of Gugel
with signature J, A. Arms of Haller von Hallerstein,
in oval spaces. Arms of Huls von Ratzberg, of Kress von
Kressenstein (signed), of Hermann Miiller, of Pfinzing von
Henfenfeld, of Pomer von Diepoldsdorf, of Scheurl von
Defersdorf, of Rieter von Kornberg, of Schwingsherlein,
of Welser, with the initials of the motto words V. C. P.,
of Kurz von Augsburg, with the demi-goat, etc. etc.

This list, though tantalising, is not uninstructive. It
shows that the leading Nuremberg families are constantly
recurring on the armorial designs of the contemporary
engravers in that city.

Study of Baok-Plates.

137

Any tolerable collection of old German ex-libris is sure
to contain book-plates of the Kress, Scheurl, Rieter,
Pomer, Haller, Kurtz, etc., families. This recurrence of
certain given houses renders the attribution of any par-
ticular ex-libris of a family to some special engraver all
the more hazardous ; unless, of course, a signature comes
in to assist the student.

Hans Sibmacher or Siebmacher, another Nuremberg
engraver, who worked between 159S and 1611, executed
on copper a book-plate of the above Holzschuher family,
which is as follows—

Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth the wooden shoe ;
second and third, an old man's head couped ; over all, a
cross also couped. Crest— "Aiz armless trunk of a man in
a peaked cap ; helmet, and mantling. The whole in a
wreath of tightly strung leaves, with fruit clusters and
jewelled ornaments at intervals. Above, right and left,
two cherubs, full-length and undraped, seated on the
wreath, each reading a book. Below, a carved, oblong,
indented bracket. At the base of the design the
engraver's initials, H. S. 4iX3| in. W. See also
Nagler's Kijnstler Lexicon, vol. xvi., p. 342.

We now take another Nuremberg family, mentioned
above, that of Kress of Kressenstein. Hans Troschel,
also a Nuremberg artist, born in 1592 and who died in
1633, designed, signed, and dated this book-plate of John
William Kress. Let us describe the ex-libris.

Johannes Guilhelmus Kress d Kressenstein, upon an
indented bracket with four roUed-up corners, and, resting
on its upper margin, a moulding of a cherub's head with
leaf-like wings. This bracket is placed at the base of the
design. Below it comes the signature, H. T. scu. 1619
Hk. The two initials of the engraver's name are in
ligature. Anns — A sword in bend sinister, the point
upwards. The shield set in a slightly angular leaf-work

138 A Guide to the

bordering. Above the escutcheon is a helmet full forward,
open-faced, and garde-visure, whose damascened bars
terminate in fleur-de-lis at their points of attachment
On the helmet is placed a ducal coronet, with peacock
feathers appearing above its strawberry leaves. Out of
this coronet issues the Crest — which is the armless trunk or
bust of an aged bearded man, also crowned with peacock
feathers, and in his mouth a sword fess-wise. From the
helmet, below this, spreads forth right and left a fine and
intricately folded mantling. An oval circle of berried
olive branches encloses the shield and crest. Outside this,
at the four corners of the plate, are seen the respective
escutcheons of Kress, Freidel, Holler, Schweikhart, each
being duly named on a label below. At the top of
the design is a four-limbed scroll, reading — /. Timotli. :
4. Pietas ad omnia utilis, promissionem habens vitw, gum
nunc est, et future. Among the mantling to the left
hangs a diminutive escutcheon, bearing an annulet on a
plain field (tinctures, of course, uncertain). These are the
arms of Susanna Kolerin, the wife of John William Kress.
5JX3J in., on copper. W. The plate is extremely
delicate in execution; but, like most of Troschel's work,
is rather stiff, and somewhat over-elaborate.

There is a notable genealogical ex-libris of Wilhelm
Kress, son of the last Johann Wilhelm Kress, and his
wife Clara Geborne Viatissin} dated in 1645. This is
interesting as giving, among other escutcheons in the
pedigree, one labelled Margretka Rieterin, with the charge
of the crowned, double-tailed mermaid, as on the Pirck-
heimer sinister shield. This lady appears as the second
wife of one Peter Haller, whose first marriage is dated in
1 387. She was, doubtless, sister to the grandfather or great-

' By birth of the family Viatis.

Study of Book-Plates.

139

grandfather of Pirckheimer's wife. The leading Nurem-
berg families seem to have intermarried a good deal.

The next noted engraver in our catalogue is Wolffgang
Kilian, of Augsburg, who signs, and what is better, dates,
in 163s, the book-plate of Sebastian Myller, Canon of
Augsburg and Bishop (in partibus) of Adramytteum in
Asia Minor, The ex-libris reads — Sebastiartus MyUents,
Episcopus Adrantyttenus Suffraganeus, et Canonieus A ugus-
lanus. Anno 1635, It is signed Wolffgang Kilian fecit
(at full). See plate 14, page 193.

Wolffgang Kilian was the younger brother of the more
eminent Lucas Kilian. He was born at Augsburg in
1581, and died in 1662. Both brothers studied at
Venice and were taught by their step-father, Dominick
Custos.

This relative of theirs, also, on his own account, designed
the ex-libris oi John George a IVerdenstein, 1592 (dated)
(W.); 3LnAo[Zacharias Geizkofier, 1605 (dated) (W.). We
are forced for want of space to dismiss with a brief mention
these additional important book-plates by celebrated en-
gravers. By Virgil Solis the dated but unsigned ex-libris
oi Andreas Imhoff, 1555 (Lempertz). By Giles Sadeler the
book-plate of the Count of Rosenberg, 1609 (dated) (L. and
W.). By John Sadeler, his nephew, the ex-libris of
Ferdinand von Hagenau, 1646 (dated) (W.). By Heinrich
Ulrich, an anonymous book-plate of the Imhoff family
again (1600) (W.), These other ex-libris are by less
known artists, but their dates render them of interest.
By J. Pfann the book-plate of John Vennitser, i6r8
(dated) (L.). By Tobias Bidenharter an ex-libris with
Constanter. Non Fata Recusant, Sfc, 1620 (dated) (L.).
By Matthew Zundl the book-piate of Pjinzing von Hen-
Jenfeld, 1 569 (dated) (L.). By Ja. de Lespier the ex-libris
oi John Charles Seyringer, 1697 (dated) (W.).

140

A Guide to the

We now leave Germany and pass to France
Switzerland.

Raigniauld, Riomi, 1644. This engraver signs
dates a fine, bat coarsely executed, anonymous armorial
plate. The shield is untinctured, and quarterly ; first, a
star, on a chief, three trefoils slipped ; second, a cross
patt^e ; third, a wing ; fourth, two bars, in base, a wheel ;
over all, an escutcheon charged with a fesse. Fine leaf-
like simple mantling to helmet. No crest. I have no further
knowledge of the artist. The more modern French form
of this surname is Regnault. Riomi is an old-fashioned
town in Auvergne, just north of Clermont, said to contain
many interesting specimens of domestic architecture,
dating about the time of this ex-libris.

Among the signed, but undated, book-plates, one of
the most quaint is that of Charles de Sails, brother
of St. Francis de Salis, and his successor in the See
of Annecy in Savoy. The ex-libris reads —

Eud. lague Sinton fecit Annesy. Design — The De Salis
arms — Ar., two bars iimbriated gu. betw. as many es-
toiles, one in fess, and one in base, in chief a crescent. The
shield appears very gigantic, in a frame of heavy curves ;
which is set in the centre of a huge sideboard-like
monumental structure. On the top ledges of this, two
full-grown long-skirted angels, seated right and left, up-
hold the episcopal hat,^ with its usual knotted ropes and
tassels, in air above the escutcheon. At the base of this
structure, to the right, appears a portrait figure of St
Francis de Salis, seated, holding an olive branch in one

1 Every hat with tassels on a book-plate is not a Cardinal's. When
correctly engraved, the Cardinal's hat is red with fifteen tassels on
each side ; the Archbishop's hat green with ten tassels ; the Bishop's
hat green with six tassels ; and the Mitred Abbot's hat black with the
same number. But note, the book-plate engravers often give these
incorrectly.

Study of Book-Plates. 1 4 1

hand ; while beneath his other arm is a profuse cluster
of fruit. To the left, also seated, is a portrait of St. Jane
Frances de Chantal, holding a palm branch, also with
fruit beneath her other arm. Each portrait is realistic
and not the least flattered. Between them is a medallion
bearing the crossed papal keys. The plate, except the
engraver's name and city, bears no other inscription.
It dates about 1642, though it appears to be much
earlier ; which is often the case with provincial work.
The original copper plate was recently discovered in
Savoy, and is now in the possession of M. Bilco, the well-
known French collector, through whose kindness and
the good offices of Mr. Carson I am supplied with an
impression.

The following signed plates in our list may be also
noted, as their workmanship Indicates a seventeenth
century engraver.

The first one is a gloomy yet striking heraldic study
of a Spanish Bishop's arms, executed in the Netherlands,
about 1650, and signed P, B. Boutats scul. The escut-
cheon is surmounted by a plumed helmet, and this again
by a bishop's hat with pendent ropes and tassels. Arms
—Or, two oxen pass, gu. The shield set in an oval, beaded
border with a richly foliated external frame. Motto (on a
separate scroll beneath) /"<??' la Ley Bezerra y por el RSy.
7jxslin. W.

There were four engravers of this Boutats family at
Antwerp,* of whom this the youngest, Philibert Boutats,
was born in that city in 1650. He also engraved a
number of portraits.

We have a remarkable rather than beautiful plate

' The original Boutatshadtwenty sons, twelve becoming engravers;
one of these twelve sons produced another dozen, of whom four
engraved. Waipole Catalogue of Engravers (ed. 1794, p. 169).

142

A Guide to the

designed by J<yhn Jacob von Sandrart, and engraved
one Homann. It is inscribed Godefridi Jac. F. Than
PkUosophi el Medici; and represents Minerva and anj
emblematical figure of Theologia, or Heavenly wtsdoi
standing on each side an altar, inscribed — ^povel
tra^povelv. The whole in a heavy square border of oak*^
leaves and strings of pearls. 7x5 in. Very elaborate,
but in the drawing and taste very poor. W. John Sandrart
died at Nuremberg in i6g8. The plate probably dates
about 1690.

Another Bishop's ex-libris, signed Stbrklin sc, gives
the episcopal arms, surmounted by the crozier and mitre,
with lion supporters. Beneath, a cherub's head and
various fine arabesque work. Above, H. A. Z. R. This
is probably South German work, of about 1690. It is
well engraved and pure in art; but of its engraver I
know nothing,

John Ulrich Kraus of Augsburg, born in 1645, died in
1719, has left a fine signed plate. A list of his works
will be found in Nagler. The ex-Hbris is this —

Ex Libris Bihliolhecte D. Zach. Conr. ab Uffenbach,
M. F. Design, a finely engraved and elaborate library
perspective interior. Above — Non omnibus idem est quod
placet. Signed /. U. Kraus sculp. (1705). W. and Brit.
Museum. There is also a iine ex-libris of the Tegemsee
monastery signed by Isaac Stenglin and dated 1700.

After 1700, the number of signed book-plates increase
upon us ; and though some particulars are known oj
many of these engravers in the eighteenth century whi
figure in our list, it is not our purpose to allude hi
to any of them, except to two or three really eminent
artists. We shall, therefore, skip a herd of second or]
third-rate names, and pass, by rather a long leap, to timesi
more modern, and to the engravers of days much nearer

Study of Book-plates. 143

Among these more recent artists of note, we are able
to instance four ex-libris by the industrious and celebrated
Daniel Nicholas Chodowiecki; he was born at Dantzig in
1726, where his father was a drug merchant. He became
a prolific illustrator of books, and had great knowledge of
costume. He inclined somewhat to sensational motives ;
and the design of one of his ex-libris, that of a doctor in
1792, is characteristic of the peculiar sentiment which
pervades many of the works of this remarkable genius.
The book-plate indeed in its motive reminds us much of
those allegoric framed certificates of membership, which
various Sick Clubs and Benefit Societies accord to their
members at the present day. In the foreground, jEscu-
lapius is pushing out a skeleton, draped in a long white
sheet, with a scythe across its shoulder. The god is
sturdily applying his serpent-twined staff to the some-
what too solid back of the terrible phantom. Behind,
beneath a kind of pavilion, lies a sick person in bed ; his
hands are upraised in silent thankfulness, as he watches
the prowess of the healing deity. The plate reads —

C. S. Schinz, Med. D^., and is signed in the left corner,

D. Chodowiecki f. 1792 (dated). Chodowiecki died in
1801. The catalogue of his works is very voluminous.

A name even greater follows. This is Raphael Morghen,
one of the distinguished engravers of recent times. He was
born at Florence in 1758 and died there in 1833. He is
said to have been able to engrave a tolerable plate at
twelve years old. We are here concerned, of course, with
some of his smallest and, speaking artistically, least im-
portant works. Not with the Transfiguration, or Guido's
Aurora, but with a certain small armorial book-plate of
the Duca di Cassano, which is as follows^ —

' R. Moi^hen also designed, we are informed, a card or book-plate
for Joachim Murat, King of Naples, and Marshall of France. Not
having seen this, we can give no further particulars.

144

A Guide to the

IlDiica Di Cassano Serra. Arms — Or,twobarscounter-j
compony ar. and gu., surmounted by a coronet,
framed in a coarse shell-work frame with a
wreath wrapt closely around it. The inscrjptio
a scroll, which winds in and out of the wreath.
R. Morghen f. Serra, was a branch of the Cassa
family. W.

With R, Morghen our list of foreign book-plate <
gravers may be said to conclude. When fuller informa-
tion renders such a catalogue more complete, art critics
will be surprised to find how many really great artists
have condescended to ' the mean occupation of engraving
arms.'

Should the reader wish to know something more of
some of the minor names comprised in our list, he will
find additional particulars of Aberli and these other en-
gravers in Bryan's Dictionary of Painters and Engravers,
Ed. Stanley, London, Bell, 1878—

John Audran. Christian Frederic Boetius. Balthazar
Antoine Dunker. J. Goeree. Johann Heinrich Lips.
John William Mail. G. D. C. Nicolai. John Andrew Ben-
jamin Northnagel. Martin Tyroff. Jerome Wachsmuth.
Adrian Zingg. John Martin Bernigeroth. Note also that
Jos. Adam Schmutzer signs himself ^Senior Fratrum.'
Some particulars of these brothers Schmutzer will be
found; but Stanley only knows the elder as Adam J
Schmutzer, and states that he died about 1739.

The collector will soon learn to detect a decided dif*
ference of artistic character, which exists, in book-platei
of the last century between the North and South Germai
examples. This is well seen, on contrasting a HanoveriaO)J
say, with a Strasbourg book-plate. Again, the Swedish e
amples extremely resemble the Hanoverian, exaggerating^
their leading peculiarities. The Russian style, again, is very

Study of Book-Plates.

145

different and distinct ; indeed, this is a little like the
French in the more violent and windy heraldic plates of
the Louis XV. epoch. The Italian book-plates are flat,
faint, and insipid, without any remarkable features of
either excellence or defect. The Spanish are bold and
gloomy, often showing a certain harshness of touch. The
Swiss are stiff, disjointed, and ill-arranged.

For clearness and rapid reference, a tabular arrange-
ment has been adopted. It is thought worth while to
preserve in the second column of the following list the
various phrases and abbreviations by which the artist
expresses his execution of the particular book-plate.
Some of these deserve noting — Fait a feau forte par le
Capitaine Rottios ce 30 AoM, i8o8 ; or, in Latin, L. M,
Steinberger sc. A. V. (Augusts; Vindelicorum — Augs-
burg); or, in German — Rad (irt) von Ck. Wilder 1806. —
Etched by Christopher Wilder, 1806, Cross references
are given, when the same book-plate has both a designer
and an engraver. The dates in the last column are all
approximate, unless when followed by the word dated.
It is convenient to know, even roughly, the period of any
special quoted book-plate. In the first column, I gener-
ally copy the engraver's name exactly as it appears on
the plate, and I do not change the initials into names at
length ; nor do I introduce initials, even where they are
known, if the engraver signs this or that special book-
plate without them, though this fuller information is
sometimes elsewhere procurable : e.g. taking the first
name— This was John Louis Aberli, born at Winterthur
in 1723, etc. Audran : this is John Audran, for whom
see Bryan. He is entered, though a Frenchman, as not
occurring in M. Poulet-Malassis' List.

146 A

Guide to the

Mannei of

Appro^dnm.

EngnvB's Nune.

Signature.

On Whose BDok-plUe.

NltiOD.

D.ie.

A.{R.)

Hector Pomer (see
Albeit Durer)

German

iSaSdaled

A. (I.) (Justus Am-
man)

FamilyofHolzschuher
etc. {seepage 136)

.580

Aberii (J. L.)

del.

Vincent Frisching

1780

Aberli (T. L.)

inv.

Em. Frid. Fisher (en-
graved by Zingg)

1750

Audran

J. M. H. Micbau de
Motitaran

French

1750

Audran (I.)

sc.

Lewis XV. (Tbis plate
XK2.AS. A. Dieii inv.)

1750

Autvein (W. D.) or

Jos. Bap. Ladercbij

Nether.?

1710

(Amnein)

Fauenti

Bibliotbeca Eckiana

German

1750

B. (J. C.)

Marc. C. Frauenknechl

1790

B. (L. F. D.)

del.

Indians round Minerva
(Dutch American.')
(eng. by Tabj^)

1750

B. (M.)

Jo. Georgii Burckhard

1740

B. (N.) (in ligature)

^fwjj— Az.alionramp.
an bolding in the
de):teT paw a dagger

1760

Bacheley

sculp.

D. Gonienbachii (des.
by Descamps)

1770

Back

sc.

Herr Adolf von Trolt
zu Solz (Treves)

1766 dated

Beer (J. F.)

fee.

Franz Kern s. g. Hum-

1730

Behrisch (C. S. W.)

sc.

Biblioiheca Hoerman-

1 76 1 dated

Lips.

Beck (see Waser)

/« Utroqut Clarescere,

1780

Bella (Stephano

&.C. Anon 'a blank

1650

della)

shield prepared to
receive arms.' jV.&-
G-, 4tbS. iv., 518

Belling(Jos.Era5m.)

Frantz Antoni Frey-

1720

Caih : sc. Aug. V.

hert von Brutscher.
Claustrum Wessofon-
tanum (Wessen-
brunn)

1730

Benidt

fee.

Augu5t C. B. von
Schuler

1784

Bemigeroth, 1745

del-etsc.

E Museo El. de Dan-

ckelmann
Aug. Scholtiii, Cano-

174 s dated

Bernigeroth, Lips.

sc.

1762 dated

1762

nici (Magdeburg)

Bescher

sc.

Comte Karl de Mercy-

Argenteau
D. P. S. D. S. C. M. C.

Netherld.

1820

Bidenharter (To-

scalp.

German

1610 dated

bias), i6zo

L _

Constanier,&'c. 1624
(the plate is twice
dated)

1 Study of Book-Plates.

Engraver's Nune.

Ch. Whose B«k-pta«.

Natidn.

^^r^

Boetius (C. F.)

sculp.

BibliothecaWoQgiana
(see under Wemerin)

German

1725

BoaUts (P. B.)

scul.

Anon. Motto— Yat\3L
Ley Bezerra y For
laRey

Netherld

1650

Brockcs (B. H.) S.

inv. et sc.

C. A. nobis Clemens

German

1760 dated

R""! ac Rev""*

Augustus Sibi

Electoris Consil.

Br. Q. M.)

J.Math. Brunings(the
engraver's initials
the same)

1750

C, (F.) a R.

'■

Fortes Nascuntur.
^rwj—Ar. two lions
crowned pass. gu.
(see J. A. Z.)

1740

Garden (A.)

sculpt.

C. van Hulthem (de-
signed by Lens)

Dutch

1780

Cataneo (G.)

inc.

Vine. M. Kar. Ca. S'.
Pr. Amphiss.

Italian

1810

Charles (C.)

in.

J. G. F. Ghassel (in

MS.)
C. S. Schinz, M.D.

French

1792 dated

Chodowiecki (D.)

German

1792 dated

1792

Chodowiecki's own
book-plate

Biblioth^que du S^mi-
naire (the French
Seminary in Berlin)

David Fridlaender

1770
1780

1790

Centgen (H. 0.) &

delin. et

Johannis Phil. Burg-

1750

sculp.

gravii

sculp.

Frid. Car. de Moser

1740

(Mentz)

(designed by Norlh-
Non sibi sed aliis

Crahay

fc.

1760

Cnisius (C. L.)

Caroli Benjamin Leng-

nich
Anon. Arms & Mili-

1750

Cucii (Pasq'O

Italian

iSoa

tary insignia

Custodis (Dominic)

fe.

JokGeorgiiaWerden-

German

1 592 dated

C. (D.) (Dom. Gus-

Zacharias Geizkofler

1603 dated

tos)

de Gailenbach

J. F. Muckey
Von Mulinen

•;

iBos
1810

D. (D.)

Henricus Epis(copus)
August. (Augsburg)

1610

De la Ros^e (see

under Rosde)

Delsenbach

sculp.

Ex hoc fundamine sur-
gam

1750

A Guide to Book-Plates.

Derichs (Sophonia;
de), Peintre Sue-

Descamps

Dupuis{C.),0£Scier
Durer (Albert)

Du Palluet
Durig, k Lille
Eben (J. M.}

Eickstedt (Augusto

d')
Euelmi (Ang.)

Fischer Mon. (Mu-
nich ?)

Franck (see under
Ostertag)

Fridrich (J. A. jun.)
A. V. (Augsburg)

Fridrich (I. G.)
Ratisb.

Fridrich Q. A.)

Fridrich (B. G.) ir

Regensp.
Fritesch (J. C. G.)

Ob Whow Beok-pliUe.

His own book-plate

Ek libris D. Gonzen-

bachii (eng. by Ba-

cheley)
Jo. Freudenberger
Petrus Dominicus

Haack (of Treves)
Le Commajideur de

Forstmeister, S:c,
Bilibaldus Pirckheimer
Hieronymus Ebner
Hector Pomer, Abbot

of St. Laurence. (See

R.A., and see page

129)
J. A. T. Chambon de

CoQtagnet
Seraphin Malfait, Ne-
gotiant & Lille
FratresLiberiBarones

de Vogelius
Aus dem Orthischen

Buchervorrate (des.

by Orth.)
Bibliotheca del Conte

Luigi Massimil.
Dominicus Rosy Mo-

rando Patr. Veron.

(Verona)
Bibliotheca Loeniana

(Fine library

rior)
P. Anianus Homspue-

cher
Phil Charies, Arch

bishop of Mayence
Bibliotheca Erhardi

Riedlin
Johann Christoph

Harrer, M.D.
Convent us Ratisbo-

nensis F. F. Ord.

Prsed.
Ad biblio. S. Emme-

rani J. O. G. D.
Anon, A bee -hive.

Sibiet Aliis
L(ouis)B(osch)'/«/aA"

nunquian, Sr'c.
.eiffenbtig, pp. 17 Bod "■

I7$a

1740
i?8o
1720
1700

180G
1740

[No. II.]

F A Guide to Book-Plates.

151

Manner of

Approiiinale

Engtavu-sNMW.

SEpiitu,..

On WhoM Book-plate.

Nation.

Dblc.

Fruy tiers (L.)

scul.

I. G.MCichieIs)iM>Ae
tutissitnus

Netherld,

1740

Funck (J- P.).

sculpebat

Biblioth. Wagneriana

German

1750

Numb. {Nurem-
berg}
G. (G.)

Anonymous of the

1605

Stabius Family

Harmonie. Cupids
with owl

I815

G. (L,)

Salomon Sehweigger,
Sidtiensis

1650

Gautry Q. B. de)

fecit

Anon.

Netherld.

1740

Geisler (C. G.)

del. et
sculp.

Marc Lefort

German

1750

Gerisce, Berol

Jo. Car. Vil. Moehsen

1758 dated

Geric!ce{r.E.)Berol.

sc.

Thomas Philipp Von

1764 dated

(Berlin)

Der Hagen

Gericke, Jun.

inv.del.et

Raymundus Dapp

1774 dated

Geyser

fecit

E. F. Wernsdorf. Vi-
teb(urga)

>■

1710

Goeree (J.)

del. et fee.

Biblioiheea Wittiana
Pars 11. (Qy. ifan
ex-libris ?)

Dutch

1750

Gow Q. P.)

sc.

Chris tiani F. Schnaus-

Gennan

1780

Graf

sc. f.

Professori Baader

1820

Guibal (N.) P'

Hisownex-libria

1775 dated

Peintre du Due

de Wurtemberg

Haller (Schraien)

Fee.

H.(probablyforHaller)

1810

Harrewyn (J.)

seulp.

Anon. Arms on carved
bracket

Dutch

1760

Harrewyn (J.)

sculp.

Johannis Fran. Fop-
pens, Bruxellensis

1770

Heumann (G. D.),

Omnia explorate, Re-

German

1750

Norib.

tinete Bonum

Hermann

sc.

Joannis Stephani Pu-

1750

Heylbrouck (F.)

Fecit.

Anon: Ad altiora sem-
per. A fesse dan-
cette gu. bctw. three
eagles displayed sa.

Dutch

I7SO

Holdenrieder (Ig.),

sculp.

Franc. Anton. Xaver.

German

i68o

Mogunt

de Scheben

Holtzmann (C. F.)

sc.

Bibliotheca Electoralis

publica
Godefridi Jac. F. Tho-

1780

Homann (J. Bapt.)

sculpsit.

Dutch

1690

mas! (des. by Sand-

^^H^ 153 A

Guide to the 1

Mini.tr of

■ KngiavH-j Nmw.

SigBUu™.

On Whose Eook-pl»lr.

Nation.

Dale.

Heumann {G. D.),

sc.

Ex. biblioth. r. M i

German

1750

Norib.

L^on (fine library
interior)

Huhn (G. L.)

sculps.

Delectando,paritergue
docendo. Female
seated by a broken
fluted column.

1780

Ihlc <J. E.) Direct.

del.

J. G. M. Weidmann,

1760

(eng.bySchweikart)

Jungwierth, M.

Del. fit sc.

Francis. Pra=. Cann.
Reg. in PoUing.

1 744 dated

Tungwierth, Mon.

FranciscusPraeposiius

1744 dated

(Munich)

Cann. Kegg. in Pol-
ling, Inventa Levc-
tur, &c. (This is a
much larger plate
than the last)

fecit

Recumbent boy, tree
stump and bushes,
draped shield
marked— B.

1790

Kauffer (Michael)

sc.

Fortiter et ConstanUr.
Arms under a pavi-
lion of mantling.

„

1720

Kenckel V. (Vi-

Johannes A. De Bro-

1706 dated

enna?)

Kilian (P.)

Monasterium Garsten-
se (designed by Nej-
poort)

Sebast.Mylierus,Epis.

'•

1640

Kilian (Wolffgang)

fecit

163s dated

Adramyttenus, Ca-

Koler (G.)

Sola facta, Deum
Solum &c.

1700

Kfirner (C.)

fe.

Leopold Freyherrvon
Hohenhausen

1730

Kraus (J, U.)

scdp.

Zach. Conr. ab Uffen-
bach, M.F.

1730 ■

Kutner (S. G.)

inv. etsc.

C. G, Gunther

1780 ^^k

L. (F,)

Chartreuse De Beaune

French

1750 ^H

Laporterle

sc.

Library bequest by
Boursheit Burgbroel
femily

1710 ^1

Lf!nsC.A.T.(AndTew

del.

Ex bibliotheca C. van

Dutch

1780 1

Cornelius)

Hulthem. (See Car-
den)
Daniel Girtanner

Lips (H.)

del. et

German

1S25 H

sculp.

Lohrmann (F.B.A.)

G. I. Weickhmann

1720 ^1

Lordonnd, k Dole

De Saporta

French

1740 ^1

Loreau, k St Omer

Louis de Givenchy

i;8o ■

^^g Study of Book-Plates.

153

1 Engravo's Nam..

Manner of

On Whose B™l..plal=.

N,tio».

*%^S™"

M, {or perhaps M.

SC.

G. H. F, C. Comes

Italian

1800

C. in ligature)

Lepell et Amicorum

Maag (J. N.)

SC.

Jo. Fer. Maria Comes
Salern.

Swedish

1770

M. 0. H.)

Gliicksbrunner Berg-
bibliotheck

German

1750

M. (J. W.)

L. P. A. Hagemann

1780

Mansui

Joann. Bapti. Benia
L'Abbe

French

1750

Marchand

C. M. Gattel

1790

Mayr, Ratisb.

SC.

Mallersdorf Monaste-

rium, O.S.B.
F. A. M.

German

1750

MeiUJ.W.), .767

invcetfe.

1 767 dated

Meil (J. W.)

fecit

E.I.vonB. Trophy of
arms, cupid & eagle

1780

Minguet (Paulus)

fe.

Ant. Alvarez de Abreu.

Spanish

16S0

Moatalegre Q. D.

fecit

Anon. (Poly carp Mul-

Italian

I7SO

de)

ler). His modo prce-
sidiis, &■(-.

Morghen (Raphael)

fe.

Duca di Cassano

1810

Miiiter (par son

I. I. Reuss

French

1779 dated

ami) 1779
Miiller

-■

Anon. L. G.
Eu.Luth.Waisenhaus

German

.830

1740

MiillerO.J.)

inv.etfec.

Anon. Prindpiis oSsta.

Dutch

1780

Miiller (J. C.)

Sub.Abbatejaiiuariol.

Italian

1770

Naert (P.) Br. . . .

(Bruges?)
Nathe

Anon.

Dutch

1700

Ins. Bibl. C. G. Anton

German

1760

Biblio(poli.)

Nestler (C. G.)

fe.

M. Car. Chr. Gerkenii

1750

Nejpoort

del.

Monasterium Gars-
tense, (eng. by Ki-

■'

1640

Nicolai, Vieiia

SC.

H. W. Ochs ab Och-

„

1720

Northnagel(I.A.B.)

del.

senstein
Frid, Car. de Moser

J 740

fr.

(eng. by Cdnlgen)

Onghena(Ch.),Gant

inv. etsc.

Ex-libris Borluut De

Dutch

1830

(Ghent)

Noortdonck

Opdebeeck (Ant.),

fecit

Anon., with marshal's

Netherld.

1758 dated

Mechlin

„

An oth er withBien/aire

German

1700

et ne rien craindre.

or betw. three stags

at full speed, a chev.

gu. Another with

Justi eiintrepidi.

Orlh (B. P.)

del.

Aus dem Orthischen
Biichervorrate (eng.
by Eben)

1700

^V 154

A Guide to the |

^^^H EngravcT-t Hsme.

§l^rl^

OnWho»B«>k.pl.-iie.

Nilion.

Ap^™«,

inv.

John Bernard Nack,
Frankfort (engraved
by St. Hilaire)

German

i7S9dated

^H Ostertag (H. J.) et

fee.

Philippus Carolus, Se-

'740

^^H Franck, Mog.

dis Mog. Archiepi-
scopus (Archbishop

ofMayence)

^^M

Fideliias et Amor
Patruni.

1760

Ex bibliotheca G. M.
C. Masch

17SO

^^B Pfwn

sculps.

Johannes Vennitzer,
Messerschtnidt,
(Cutler)

1618 dated

^^B

ft.

In hoc signo vinces.
Anon.

Italian

1720

^^^1 Pingeling, Ham-

sculp.

Job. Herm. Schnobel

German

i74ar^H

^^^1 burg

C.L.

^H Fock

sc.

Moll, Kammet DJrec-

1810^1

^^M Polak

sculp.

AerssenvanSommels-

dyck
Anon. In mris quies

Netherld.

1780 V

^^1

fecit

Vredenburch

1770 ^1

^H Frc)sler<J.J.)

del.

Joannes Ambrosius
Reurer. (eng. by Ty.
roff)

German

1750 ^1

^^^1 Raigniauld, Riomi
^^1 Beiboldt (de)

Anon. (See p. 139)

French

1644 dasM

sc.

Bibliotheca Mufflingi-

German

1800 ^1

ana

^^H Reinhardt (A.)

sc.

Joan. Christ. Seiffii
(Frankfort)

i743dat^H

^^H Reinhardt

sculp.

Val. Ferd. Freyherr
von Gudenus

Andreas Reinhardt,
Kupfferstecher (en-
graver on copper) in
t ranckfurt

HeinrichGeorgPhilipp
Ochs

■'

I732dal^|
1730^1

^^H Rentz (M.)

5C.

Friderici Roth-Scholt-

1750^1

^^1 Ricarl (G.)

P. F. Mann

„

1780^1

^^H Ros^e (Aloys

inv.del.S:

Com. de la Rosee

1769 dat^H

^^^H Comes de la)

sculp'

Munch De Belling-

'750 ^H

hausen

J. H. Harpprecht Ass.

1760 H

1 Study of Book-plates. 155 ^|

Manni^of

Approximale

1 Engravei's Name.

On Who« BK.fc-plai^.

Nat™.

Daw.

Rottios {Le Capt.),

Fait a

Anon. Sa. a satire ar.

French

1808 dated

ce30 Aout 1808

L'eau
forte par

Optimus Quisque
nobilissimus

Ruffher (P.)

Erhard Christoph.
Bezzel

German

1750

S. (F.)

Ehrenfrid Klotz

1750

S. (C.)

Sigmond Held

1590

S. (H.) (Hans Sieb-

Family of Holzsehu-

\(xx>

macher)

her

sc.

Franc. Xav. Schercr
Theol. Doc.

1800

Sg.

sc.

Christian Graf luStol-

berg
Godefridi Jac. F. Tho-

1 721 dated

Sandrart {J oh.

delineavit

1690

Jacob de)

masi. {Eng. byHo-

Sadder (Joann.)

fecit

Johan. Adolp. Freiherr
WolffMettemich,&c.

1590

St. Hilaire (de)

del-etsc.

J. B. Nack (see Oster-
lander)

1759 dated

Scheurman (J.)

sculp.

Tsehamer

German

1820

Anonymous Virtute

1796 dated

Schettanbcrg(J.R.)

fee.

DiethelmLavater.M.D.

1810

SchSn (A.)

sc.

Ad bibliothecam Ca-
noniae Regularis in
Diessen. B.P.— J.D.

1755 dated

Schink (C.) 1816

sc.

Fridericus Cellarius

1B16 dated

Schnapper Q- J-) a

Joannis No^ de Neuf-

1750

Offenbach

ville

Schiile (C.)

fee.

Geo. Frid. de Martens

1750

Schulz (Je. J.)

sculpsit

Insignia Schiiliiana

1700

Schweikart(J. A.)

sc.

J. J. M. Weidmann
(see Ihle)

1760

Schwendimann

del. else.

Sub Regimine Rev. D.

Oos.)

Dom. Martini Ab-
batis. (The convent

Scopp (J. G.)

fee.

Georgius C. Roth Jur.
U.D.

1750

Scolio

Comte D. Bourtourlin

Italian

1810

Schmutzer (Jos.

sc.

Joannes Fridericus

German

1710

Adam), Senior

Guntler de Ster-

Frat. sc. Vien.

negg

Sinton(Eud.Jaque),

fecit

Charles Aug. de Salis

Swiss

1643

Annecy

(brother of the Saint)

Sockler (J. Mich,),

Biblio.ElectoralisMo-

German

1779 dated

1779

nacensis (see Wink)

Solis (Virgil)

notsigned

Andreas Imhoff

155s dated

Spyk (J. V. d.)

del. & fecit

Dutch

1780

Stahl(J.L.)

del, et fee.

D. G. E. Kobesii. Con-
sil. Norimb.

German

.780

^^V 156 A Guide to the

Monntr of

^^^H Engnvcr'i Nunc.

Sigriam^..

On WhoH! Boak-pl^le.

NalioD.

^^P Stallin (E.)

M. De Lorme, gentil-
homme ordinaire du
Roy

French

I7SO

Steinberger{L.M.),

/. S: T. Arms in

German

1740

A.V.

.c.

shell frame
Collegium Evangeli-
cum Aug. Vindel.

1750

StetigUn(I. C.)

Monasterium ad Lo-
cum Tegemsee

.?oodated ;

Stock

fecit

Cupids round a female
figure

1760

Stfirchlin

sc.

H. A. Z. R. with a
Orths Ottenwald Bib-

•t

1690

Stor, Norirab,

1750

lioth.

Storch;in(C.),TuBy
Strahousky(B.)

sc.

BibliothecK Wilder-

Swiss

1750

sculp.

Virtus sibi fuUher-

German

1770

Strachowsky, Vrat.

sc.

VratislavisB ad aedem
S. Elis. Ecdesiates
(Breslau in Silesia)

1740

Streidbeck Q.)

sc.

Phil. Hen. Boeclerus,
lie. Argent. (Stras-
bourg)

1720

do., Argent.

fecit

Anon. Or, three roses

„

1730

do., do.

del. et
sculp.

go-
Jacob Reinbold Spiel-

„

1740

Susemihl (C.)

J, C. k Neurath, patris

„

1800

et filii

Sysang, Halae

Tessera Imp. Nobilita-

1719 dated

(Halle in Saxony)

tis indulta, Sr'c. J.
P. de Ludewig

T. (I.) (John Tous-

Mgr.PelloKFirst Pre-

French

1670

tain}>

sident of the Par-
liament of Nor-
mandy)
Insignia Resleriana

T. (H.) in ligature

German

1615, ■

(Hans Troschel)

Anon. Perseveranti
Corona, &c.

„ 1

T.(H.) (in ligature)

sen.

Johannes G. Kress i

„

1 6 19 dated

1619. Hh (fol-
lows)
Tanj^ (P.)

Kressenstein

sculp.

Indians round Minerva

Dutch

1750. J

and Arms— az. three

■

sceptres ar. (see L.

F. D. B.)

Terrens

sc.

T. Panton

Netherld

[750-H

1 SfE Ponlet-Malaiais, p. 24.

^^f Study

of Book-Plates. 1 57 ^H

^■^

Manner of

1 Engraver's Name

Signaimc.

On Whcse Boolc-plalt

Nation.

"'D«M.

Tischbein

inv.&del.

Eu. Luth. Waisenhaus
(eng. by Muller)

German

1760

Tscherpinus{C.G.),

del. et

Biblioiheca Poeppin-

1740

Lipsiffi

sculps.

giana

TyroffCM.)

facie b.

Acad. Altdorf ex bene-
ficiofundalion. Paul)
Jacob! de Marperger

i7S3dated

Tyroff{M.}

fee.

Anon. Minerva, stag,
and shield

1750

sc.

Johannes Ambrosius
Reurer (designed by
Preisler)

German

1750

W.(F.) {or perhaps

Schurer. Ph. P. (Pro-

1780

F.W.)

fessorofPhilosophy)

Wachsmann, 1791

inv. et
fecit

Schwankopf. Boy in
garden with tree and

meine Freunde and
mich

1791 dated

Wachsmut

sculp.

J. L. Biessig Prof.

1760

Watwert {G. C.)

fecit

Ex Bibliotheca Willi-

1740

Waser (de), Lieutn.

inv.etdei.

In ulroque darescere

1780

lug. (Lieutenant

pttlcrum esi

of Engineers) see

Beck

Weigons (M. E.),

Vigor otnnis ab alio

1750

CoU.

Weis

sc.

Johannes Boeclerus,
M.D.

1710

Weiss

fecit

Ferd: R. Edler von
H OSS on

1780

Wemerin (Au.)

del.

BibliothecaWoogiana

(see Boetius)
Jure non Vi.

1725

Whitehand (Ro-

berCus)
Wicker

fecit

1750

sc.

Jacob Friedemann

iBio

Wicker (Anna Ros.)

sc.

J. C. Gercing of

Franckfort

1779 dated

Wilder (Ch.) 1806

rad. von.

G. C. Wilder Diac.

iSo6dated

{radiren^ to etch)

Laur.

Wiok (Christian)

del.

BibliothecaElectoralis
Monacensis. (See
Sockler)

1779 dated

Winkler

sc.

Valentine JamaraiDu-

French

1750

Wirsing (A. L.), N.

dess et
gravSpar

Kesler

German

1750

WollmannaOTilse

Bib. Galleskyana

Tils(it)
Fortes Nasatntur. Ar.

Lithuan.

1760

Z. (J. A.) sc. A.V.

German

1740

(J JV. Zimmerman)

two lions pass. gu.
Constans et fidelis
(designed by F.CaR.

158 A

Guide to the

Maondtrf

Engr^vBr-. N™t.

Signature.

Od Whose Book.pl.te.

NaUon.

Da,.

Z. (M.) (Matthias

Pfiniing von Henfen-

German

1569 dated

Ziindi)

feld

Zell (J. M.), ffun.

J. J. 2ur-Miihlen

1750

(Frankfort)

Zick (J. C.)

fee.

Joh, Ferd. Rothius
and Schubati

1750

ZingB(A.)

sculp.

Mens comcia recti fa-
mte mendacia ridet.
Anon. Eagle flying
with escutcheon

Em. Frid. Fisher.
(des. by Aberli)

1780
I7SO

ADDITIONS WHILE PRINTING.

Most of these names are n

w, but some are added because

a new date

or a new town or new initials follow an engraver already given.

Mainerof

ADDroximae

Engravtr's Name.

SigDOlUTE.

On Whose Eook-plale.

Nation.

Date.

Benidt, Francoft

fee.

Dietrich Reus

German

1780

Bolt (fr.), 1800

G. I. Goschen

iSoodated

Brupacher

fecit

Arms— Az. a chev, be-
tween three roses, &c.

Si^ss

1740

Clausner, Zug

sc.

Lib. Baro Zur Laubea
de Thum

1700

Contgen, Francfurt

Johann Ernst Ascani

German

1780

Duvivier (B.), Bru-

del'

C.Van Hulthem. Om-

Netherld.

1806 dated

gensis, 1806

nesartes, guceadhu-

female studying in a
library. (Eng. by
De Ghendt)

E. (J. V.)

M. Benzelftierna

Dutch ?

1770 ■

Feuerbach(J.A.)fil.

sculps.

Jo. Wilh. Phil. Feuer-
bach

German

1760 ■

Fridrich(fac.Andr.)

sc.

Gottlieb E tiling

„

>7So ■

Ser. Due. Wurt.

■

Sculptor Aul.'

A.V.

G. (E.), a Neuwied

fee.

Bibiioth. Abb. Sayn
Ord. Pijemonstr.

I74S ■

Ghendt (E. de)

sculp'

C.Van Hulthem. Om-
nes Artes, &c. A
female studying in a
library (des. by Du-

Netherld.

1810 ■

ComlEogr

^^^V Study of Book-Plates. 1 59

^^L

Manner of

On Whose Book-plalc.

Nation.

^ue.

Grunter

fee.

A wood scene, urn, owl,

trees, &c.
Nontolaperit. Crysa-

German

1780

Heumann (G. D.)

fecit

I743<iated

1743

lis and butterflies

Heumann (G. D.),

del. et

Juste, Honeste, Be-

1760

GottingE

sculp.

nigne. Library in-

Junker

grav^par

Ex bib. Com. Franc.

Szechenyi
BibliothecaPezoIdiana

Austrian

1790

ac.

German

1770

L. (A.) (The L. is

Sebastian! Stor

1680

under ihe cross-

bar of the A.)

Lespier {Ja. de)

fe.

Joan.Caroli.Seyringer

J.U.D.
L.D.S.M.D.G. Arms^

1697 dated

Luengo en (a con-

volvulus flower)

Lozengy ar. and ga ;
impahng, or on a
bendletar. six plates

Maurhoff(G. F.)

Wilhelm A. F. von
Munchhausen

1740

Necker, 1779

M.J erem. David Reuss

1779 dated

Nestler (C. G.)

sc.

Ek bibliotheca Fritz-
schiana

1760

Neubauer

sc.

Baron Wiesenhiitten

1780

NilsonQeanEsaie),

Peintre '
Nunzer (A.)

sc.

His own book-plate

I7ZO

scu.

Volunt sednon possunt.

1740

A man secured by a

river between from

wild beasts

Pintz (Johann

sc.

S. V. G. En dextra,

German

1730

Georg.) A.V.

fidesque

Philippin (J. D.)

sc.

E. Bibliotheca P. I.
Schamo

'■

1750

Sadeler (Aeg.) S. G.

fecit

Count of Rosenberg

1609 dated

M'^ Sculptor

Sadeler (Joannes),

d.d.

Ferdinand von Ha-

1646 dated

1646

genau

Schaffhauser S. C,

sculp.

An ton Ids Rambaldi,

Austrian

1750

M.Calco.,ViennEe

Comes Collalti

S. (C.) in ligature

Zach arias Geizkofler,
&c. Maria Geizhof-
lerin, geborne von
Rehelingen

German

1605 dated

Schellenberg(J.R.)

fee.

T. B. Tandem. (Curi-
ous design like Ho-
ganh's ' Boys peep-
mg at nature.')

1730

Siherer

sc.

Johannes Philippus
Jordis D,

■■

1740

1 BtT« givB

le Kgond name wronBly u Etiai. ^^^k

A Guide to Book-PIates.

Signature.

On Wlio» Book.pbte.

Nation.

Due.

Sp. (J.)

fee.

Jacobus, Canonicorum
Chiemensium Prse-
positus, &c.

German

1690

StrachowskyQ. B,)

H. S. (Quite Chip-

1750

Vrat.

pendale in style)

Tyroff (H. J.), No-

sculp.

Chris. Guil. Staudne-

1760

rimberga;

rus,ConsiUanu5No-
rimbergensis

Ulrich{Heinrich)

fe.

Virtulc nan Sanguine
(Imhoff family)

1610

Valesi

Jacob) Muselii

Italian

1770

Viero(T.)

inc.

Jacob. Maximilian,
Count Collalti

1750

Wauttrs(P.),i754

BC.

Pour Bitn and In hoc
signo. Episcopal
arms, gu. three keys

German

17S4 dated

Wit(?) (Ant)

sc.

Bibliolheca Nichols-
purgensisSchoIarum
Piarum

1700

ENGRAVERS OF ENGLISH BOOK-
PLATES. FIRST PERIOD.

{1660-1760.)

It has been found desirable to divide the English engravers
of ex-libris into two periods. It seemed incongruous to
place side by side, in one and the same section, an escut-
cheon of William Marshall and a fishingvignette of Thomas
Bewick, The first period, therefore, will reach from the
Restoration to the accession of the third George, and will
comprise exactly one hundred years. Our second epoch
includes the long reign of that monarch and the briefer one
of his successor ; it falls short of a century by some thirty
years. We do not propose to take any cognisance in this
essay of book-plates in date more recent than 1830, the
year of George the Fourth's death. For the purposes of
this work such ex-libris are considered as modern, and
are excluded from our consideration.

In an artistic point of view this our first period will be
found to contain the lion's share of the finest book-plates
in our national series. It includes all the ex-libris designed
under the Jacobean influence. It embraces, moreover, all
the purest and most graceful examples of that later and
succeeding decorative fashion, which we have designated as
the Chippendale. It is true, that, during the first decade
of George the Third's reign, Chippendale book-plates were
still current; yet these specimens unmistakably convince

l62

A Guide to the

us that this vogue was already past its best. In their art,
as in their designs, they bear undoubted symptoms of
decadence and efflorescence. By 1780, Chippcndalism
had become on book-plates practically a thing of the past

When do engravers' names first begin to appear on
ex-libris in England? This question will suggest itself
on the very threshold of the present chapter ; and weJ
may at once confess that our materials are, at present,,!
far too imperfect to enable us to answer it with anything
like precision. We can only speak as far as we know.

The earliest English book-plate carrying an engraver's
signature, which has as yet come to hand, is one of a cadet J
of the family of Lyttelton, by the well-known William I
Marshall. We ascertain by his signed frontispieces that'.l
Marshall was stil! extensively employed down to 1650; but I
how long he lived after that date, I have been hitherto un- 1
able to determine. It is impossible to date a purely her- 1
aldic book-plate with any great exactness ; but I believe 1
the Lyttelton ex-libris is, at latest, of a period soon after 1
the Restoration. It resembles in artistic details the dated'l
plate of Nicholson of Balrath, in i66g; but the resemblance!
is that of an original to its copy, not of a copy to its original, f
The Lyttelton book-plate seems in fact some six or eight 1
years older than the Nicholson one. Let us date it ap-1
proximately in 1662.^ The ex-libris itself may be thusf
described: — Anonymous. Arms — Quarterly, first, ar,
chev. betw, three escallops sa.,difFerenced with a crescent on \
a mullet ; ^ second, ar. a bend cotised sa. within a bordure I
engr. az., charged with ten plates ; (and fifteen other quar- j
terings). Crest — A moor's head in profile, couped at the!
shoulders, ppr. wreathed about the temples, ar. and sa.]
Motto — Ung Dieu, ung Roy. Shield quite plain withoutj

^ In 1659 George Tooke published the Belides Eulogie c/yoArt^M
Lord Harrington, Land., 1659, 4to, with a frontispiece by Marshall.
^ For a second son of the third house.

Shidy of Book-Plates. 1 63

any bordering, surmounted by a closed damascened helmet.
The mantling is of fine early leaf-work, simple and un-
usually curved. It ends at each side in a tassel. The
motto is on a detached scroll below. In left corner, Will.
Marshall sculpsit. For the folio, 7x5^ in, W.

At whatever epoch designed, this is unquestionably a
fine bold example of the heraldic book-plate pure and
simple.

The long gap, which intervenes before our next dated
example, infers plainly enough the incompleteness of our
materials. The striking example, signed by James Sartor,
has been already described at p. 20, and figured in plate 5.
This is not much earlier apparently than 1710. But the
plate bears no date, and may possibly be older. It seems,
next to Marshall'sexample, our most ancientbook-plate with
an engraver's name. Who James Sartor was, and whether
domiciled in London, or only settled there for a season, I
am unable to determine. There is one Jacob Christopher
Sartorius, a Nuremberg engraver, whose engravings are
dated between 1674 and 1737, a limit which fits exactly
the probable execution of this book-plate; but I have met
with no record as yet of his ever having resided in London.^

The firm ground of an engraved date, associated with an
engraver's signature, is for the first time found soon after
the accession of the first George, an epoch singularly late,
as contrasted with the signed and dated specimens of the
Continent. We allude to John Pine's allegoric ex-libris,
described at p. 38, and reproduced in plate 4, reading
Munificentia Regia. 1715. J.Pinesc.

In the next year Michael Vandergucht appears to have
executed a library label for a Westmoreland Baronet, as
follows r — The Paternal Arms of Sir William Fleming of
Rydalin the County of Westmoreland, Baronet, Arms —

' But Bemigeroth may be cited as engraving both German and
EngUsh ex-libris.

1 64

A Guide to Book-Plates.

Quarterly, first, gu. a fret ar. (and eight other quarterings).
Crest~A snake nowed, holding in the mouth a garland, all
ppr. Motto — Pax, Copia, Sapientia, The escutcheon Is
unfratned, and the mantling reaches to its base. Below
is inscribed — Anno 1716, Vanderguckt. The plate is a fine
one, for the folJo, and may be quoted as another remark-
able specimen of the purely heraldic style. (P.)

The illustrations of Michael Vandergucht are well known
to those collectors who are interested in the literature of
Queen Anne. He was a native of Antwerp, and instructed
by one of the many Boutats. The date of his arrival in
England is uncertain ; ^ but he received in this country
extensive employment from the booksellers, and died in
Bloomsbury in 1725, George Vertue was his most
distinguished scholar.

Simon GribeHn's career was very analogous to that of
Vandergucht A Frenchman, born at Blois in 1661, he
came over to England in 1680, and continued here till his
death during 1733, in Long Acre. He was equally well
known with Vandergucht as an illustrator of books. Of
such cuts, those in Shaftesbury's Characteristics (2nd edit.,
3 vols., 1714, 8vo) may be selected as striking and elabo-
rate. Lord Orford specially mentions that Gribelin pro-
duced a vast number of small plates; of which Walpole
possessed a thick quarto volume, collected by Gribelin
himself. Among these smaller efforts of this artist may
be confidently included the two Parochial Library hook.-
plates, which were designed in blank for general use by
such societies throughout this kingdom. Spaces being
left for the special parish to fill in its name.

The finer plate represents St. John at Patmos, the coarser

* In my own collection, the earliest illustrations, executed in
England by his hand, are those to ihe Satires of Juvenal and
Persius, 'made English by Mr. Dryden^ Tonson, 1697, 8vo.

I
I
I

A Guide to Book-Plates. 167

one a figure in prayer. Both are signed S. G,, and may
be dated about 1720. The Jacobean book-plate of the
Hor^ Charles Hamilton Esq"-, which is also signed 5. C,
may likewise be executed by Simon Gribelin (1720).

George Paterson, a Scotch artist, signs an ex-Iibris of
James, Earl of Bute, who died in 1723, His book-plate
must therefore be dated before that year ; but unfortunately
Paterson has placed no date on his handiwork,

James Hulett, an indifferent engraver, of whom Bryan
gives a brief notice, signs and dates in 1725 an ex-libris
of John, Lord Boyle. The book-plate is merely armorialj
and calls for no special comment'

We have nothing now for four years, the next signed
book-plate belongs to some member of the Dugdale family,
but does not bear any name. It is, of course, heraldic —
Arms — Ar., a cross moline gu., in dexter chief a torteaux.
Crest — A griffin's head and wings endorsed, or. The
mantling with stiff foliations. A rudimentary Jacobean
bracket is visible at the base of the escutcheon. Motto —
Pestis patritE pigrities. The plate is signed — Nickolls
sculp. 1729 (dated). (C.) We may note that the full
name of this artist was Sutton NichoUs ; he was an
engraver in London from 1710 and onwards. A slight
notice of him will be found in Bryan.

George Bickam, a name rather better known, but not in
the first or even in the second rank, has left us a book-
plate in the next year. This reads — The Reverend John
Lloyd, A.M., J?3{o). Arms — Ar. a chev. betw, three crows
sa., each bearing in the beak an ermine spot. The plainly
framed escutcheon is raised on a broad and substantial
shelf-like bracket As quasi-supportcrs, on its ledges right
and left are seated two undrapcd boys, holding books.

' John, Lord Boyle's quarrel with his more illustrious father, and
his consequent loss of the Boyle library, are well known.

1 68

A Guide to the

Across the bracket is written — Animus si mquus, quod pelts
hie est. A large scallop shell and coral branches appear
above the oval shield. The same shell is repeated on an
estrade below, across which a ribboned drapery hangs
which bears the name. The signature (exceedingly
minute), just above this drapery, is — Bickam Jun. fecit
1730. (W.) An interesting, but not uncommon ex-libris.
I have seen a Life of Peter the Great with cuts by
G. Bickam, Jun'',, 1740, also a thin folio volume of this
artist's designs was published in 1757, entitled — Orna-
mental Villas and Pavilions for Landscape Gardens.

The graceful and important book-plate designed by
George Vertue for the Countess of Oxford is placed by
its manuscript memorandum in this year,^

An engraver, who assumes some importance in the book-
plate series, is one J. Skinner of Bath, of whom I would
gladly learn some biographical details. He is much to be
commended for always dating his ex-libris. Six of these
are given in the ensuing list ; their dates range from 1732
to 1747. He is probably related to Matthew Skinner of
Exeter, who engraved, say, fifteen years later.

A premium of Trinity College, Dublin, dated in MS.
1733. is signed thus — K. O'Hara fecit. There seems no
reason to doubt that this was the work of the dramatist,
when quite a young man, The date of his birth is uncer-
tain ; but he died, old and blind, in 1782. I owe this
interesting plate to Mr. Carson, who supplies me with the
following extract: — -'The extremely meagre notices of
O'Hara extant contain no reference to his skill as an artist,
of which we have a specimen in his etching of Dr. William
King, Archbishop of Dublin, in a wig and a cap, of which
portrait a copy has been made by Richardson.^

' See p. 41, and plate 7.

^ A History of the City of Dublin, by J. T. Gilbert, M.R.I.A.,
vol. iii., p. 270. Dublin, J. Duffy. 1861.

Study of Book-Plates.

169

Dr. William King died in 1729, so that if Kane O'Hara
etched his portrait from life, he may have well executed
this ex-libris.

A very exceptional book-plate is signed J.June, 1745.
A brief notice of this engraver occurs In Bfyan,\/\io dates
him in 1760. The ex-libris would certainly pass at first
sight for a foreign one. The frame-work of the shield is
the foreign analogue of Chippendale, which may be called
Rococo. The landscape accessories, a birch-tree on the
right, a cypress on the left, with a brook flowing out from
underneath the escutcheon frame, are at this period on
the English book-plate most unusual. A single cupid is
seated as a quasi -supporter on the right of the shield.
The plate is anonymous, but belongs to the Herbert
family. Artns — Per pale az. and gu. three lions ramp. ar.
Crest — A wyvern, wings elevated, vert, holding in the
mouth a sinister hand, couped at the wrist, gu.

R. Mountaine appeared as a very prolific engraver of
book-plates about 1745 or 1750. He was a neat artist in
the early and hardly developed Chippendale style, and in
a curious arabesque fashion of his own. He did not date
his ex-libris, some fourteen of which are here catalogued.
The collector will do well to endeavour to complete the
list of his works. 1 know of no particulars respecting
Mountaine's life.

William Hogarth engraved about 1720, quite at the be-
ginning of his career, two book-plates at least. One of
John Holland, heraldic artist, and another of George Lam-
bert, the scene painter. Both are in the allegoric style.^

Certain ex-libris in our list of the names of Jones,
Jollifife, Collyer, and Russell, are signed W. H., and have
been erroneously attributed to Hogarth. These plates

' See p. 44. His other small plates, such as Ellis Gamble's, etc.,
are trade-caids, tickets, impressions from tankards, etc., and do not
come into the category of ex-libris.

A Guide to the

170

are none of them earlier than 174S, at which time
Hogarth was better employed than on such small work as
this. They must be assigned to one William Hibbart,
whom Bryan mentions as residing at Bath in 1750 and
etching portraits in the manner of Worlidge. This
W. Hibbart, moreover, signs his name in full with this
very date, 1750, on the book-plate of Deburgh, Earl ofi
Clanricarde.

Of Thomas Worlidge, an eminent name, incideataily
mentioned above, I have only as yet seen the book-plate
of the Hon. Henrietta Knight, in the Jacobean style, of
about 1735. Worlidge signs the ex-libris in full.

There is a pictorial ex-libris of Andrew Lumisden,
signed by that eminent engraver Sir Robert Strang!
which dates about 1750, early in that artist's career.

Notices will also be found in Bryan's Dictionary of th(
following occurrent names : — J. Cole, G. Terry, W. H.
Toms, John Wood, etc. It may be noted that, as com-
pared with our list of foreign engravers, few designers'
names occur on the English book-plates of this period.

1 can only name three — Gravelot, Ross, Hains.

In the list itself, which now follows, the first column
presents the engraver's name, just as it appears on the ex-
libris itself; at times with the fore-name omitted, at times
merely in initials. The second column gives the technical
term, usually abbreviated, by which the artist's execution
of the special book-plate is recorded. The third column
declares the name of the owner of the ex-libris ; or, where
this is anonymous, somemotto, heraldry, or initials, where-
by it may be identified. The fourth column is a rough at-
tempt to indicate the style or subject of the ex-libris. The

' See, to explain this association. Memoirs of Sir Robt. Strange,
engraver, and of his brother-in-la-ai, Andre-w Lutnisden, private secre-
tary to the Stuart Princes, etc., iy James Dennisfoun {with plaits),

2 vols., 8vo, 1855, and especially li. 284, where the book-plate is men-
tioned and referred to.in the year 1747.

me ^^

''A

1 Study of Book-Plates. 171

descriptive terms, used in the column for this purpose,

are— Armorial ; Jacobean ; Chippendale ; Allegoric ; Pic-

torial ; or book-plates bearing various picturesque adjuncts,

which are not classible either as landscapes or allegories ;

Landscape; Transitional, that is to say, the Jacobean

style passing into the Chippendale. Flowers^ Festoons,

Chinese ; and a few others. When this column is left blank,

the style or subject was not noted at the time of the book-

plate's inspection. In both lists of English engravers I

am greatly indebted to the valuable assistance and co-

operation of the Rev. T. W. Carson, whose fine collection

supplies no inconsiderable quota of the names.

TABULATED LIST OF ENGLISH ENGRAVERS.

FIRST PERIOD.

jf^^gj of

Style of

Approximate

Eagiaver-s N™t.

Signanirc.

Od WIOK Book-plalc.

BooL-pkie.

A.(M.)

Node virescunt

Armorial

1730

Ashby, Russell

sculp.

Bryan Edwards

J755

Court, London

Anon.

Chip.

1760

Austin (W.)

fecit

LordWalpoleofWool-
terton

Armorial

Lord Dacre

Chip.

sculp.

SoL Dayrolles Esq-^

175s

B. (M.)

William BucknalJ

1720

Bache, Birming-
ham
Batley, London

sculp.

John Cobbell, M.D.

175s

fecit

Edm* Strudwick Esq--

Beraigroth

scul.

Edward Eliot Esq. (of

Port Eliot)
Rev.John Lloyd A.M.

Armorial

1740

Bickham, Tun., 1730

fecit

Jacobean

1730 dated

Bickham

SC.

W. Wollaston, Finbo-
rough, Suff.

Armorial

1740

Billinge

sculp.

Or, three lions couch,
in pale az.

Chip.

1750

Peter Salusbury

Pictorial

'755

Bramston (Ed.)

sculp.

(Pyott Family). Anon.
Pietatis Amator

Landscape

1760

Burden (Ar^.)

sculp.

Bimie of Broomhill

Armorial

1730

Calender (J.)

sculps it

John Spotiswood of

that Ilk '
Philip Burton

1750

Chin aery
Cole (B.)

Chip.

1760

sculp.

Darcy Lever, Alking-

J7SO

ton, Lancaster

I Some Scolcfa pbCei arc voy difficult » dan. Thuisoac Biniie of Bnxuihill [( uDotber. ^^^^^H

^M 172

Guide to the

Mannat of

Swlo of

Boob-plaU.

^^H Engnnr-i Nsme.

Signaluie.

On WhD^e Book-plalc.

Due.

^H Cole (B.)

sculp.

Randolph Green way,
Thavies Inn.

Chip.

1750

^^V Cole, Oxon.

sculp.

W. Holmes, S' J. B.

Coll.
Fillingham

Jacobean

1730

^H Cole

sculp.

vjy.

^H Cole (J.)

sculp.

Anon. Dilat servata

Jidss
Robert Cunliffe

17S!

^^M Evans

set.

Pictorial

I76(

^H G. (S.) (Simon Gri-

Parochial Library of

„

17K

^H belin)

Chippenham, &c

The Honi^" Charles
Hamilton

Jacobean

^H Gard.(F.)(F.Gard-

in. scu.

Edw3 Southwell Esq'

"73S

^H Gardner (F.)

S.
sculps it

Pawlet S' John
W" Pescod

174.

^^H Graveiot

tov.

J. Burton D.D. (Eng.
by Pine)

Allegoric

••

^^H Green (T. B.), Lon-

fecit

Anon. Pkitosopkfmur

Chip.

«7SI

^^^1 don

^H H. (N.) see N. Kurd

^H H. (W.) see W.

^^r Hibbart

^^ Hains (G.)

Delin.

Anon. With military
implements (eng. by
Toms)

\nzdM

1 Hawes (H.)

sc'

Anon. yioXXa—Whai

is best
Deburgh.EarlofClan-

Late Chip,

1760

^K Hibbart (W.)

sculp.

Armorial

1759 <iated

ricarde

^H H. (W.) (W. Hlb-

E. Jones, Fellow of

Chip.

I74S

^H bart)

King's College,Camb

^H H. (W.) (W. Hib-
^H H. (W.) (do.)

JoUiffe. (In Moun-

taine's style)
Hon'''' Cap' Stuart.

Trans.

"fl

Chip.

>7sfl

(Mihtary)

^H H. (W.) in ligature

Daniel Collyet

>7^|

^H (W. Hibbart)

^H H.(W.} (do.)

fe'

Henry Russell

I7<H

^H HiUyard (T.)

sculpt.

RoberiusNash,DicEces
Norvic. Cancel.

Trans.

■73H

^H Hogarth (W.)

unsigned

George Lambart (for

Lambert)
John HoUand

Allegoric

172i

^^B Hulett

sc.

John, Lord Boyle

Armorial

1725 dated

^H Hurd (N.)

sep.

Henry Pace

'75S

^H H. (N.) (N. Hurd)

scp.

Benjamin Greene

Jacobean

1757 dated

^H H. (N.) (do.)

scp.

Danforth

Chip.

1760

^^H Johnston (A.)

sculp.

H. E. Robert Hunter,
Esq', Captain Gene-
ral and Chief Gover-
nor of Jamaica

Jacobean

study

of Book-Plates.

173

EngmvertNune.

Mani.fr Qf

On WhoM Btwk-plale.

stjic or

Boot-plale.

■^D^e.

Joyce

sculpt.

B urges Family

Jacobean

'735

Junea-),i74S.

Family) see p. 162

Chip. ?

1745 dated

Kirk (J.). S' Paul's

del. et sc.

John De Chair

1760

Churchyard

At. 3 chev. a2.(?) three
ducks pass.

Kirk Gas.)

Inner Temple Library

Armorial

Kirk Q.)

fecit

Gift of George, Prince
of Wales

1757'datea

Kirk (J.), Pauls

sculp.

Isaac Mathew

Chip.

1760

Church yd.

Kirk (Js.)

Will" Fentham

K.O) {James Kirk)

set

Thomas Elrington

Levi (I.) (and M.

scu.

Mors sola re solvit

Trans.

1750

Mordecai)

Levi

sculp.

Isaac Mendes, London

Chip.

1746 dated

Levi, Port(sea)

Thos. Dunkerley Fitz-

George
Lieut. Gen' Campbell

of Monzie
Nil Desperandum

1750

M. (G.)

Armorial

1730

M. (M.)

sculp.

Chip.

1750

M.(R.)seeR.

Mountaine

Marshall (WiU")

sculp'

Anon., oftheLyttelton

family
Thomas Mansel, Lord

Armorial

1660

Mole, Oxoa.

sculp.

1740

Mansel, of Christ

Church, Oxon.

Moses

sculp'

Sophia (Wisdom). (In
Greek Letters)

1760

Mordecai (M.) and
Levy (I.)

Mordecai

scu.

Mors sola resolfit

Trans.

1750 ■.

sculp.

E. H. Sandys.

Chip.

Jonathan Battishill

Armorial

•755

MouDtaine

Pringle
Thos. Worsley
B. F. R.

Chip.
Armorial

1750

M. (r.) {R. Moun-

Henry Bowies

"r^ (do.)

W. Harrison, D.D.,
Fellow of C. C. C.
Oxon.

Flowers

,, (do.)

S. J. Collins

(do.)

Ed. Gore, Kiddington,
Oxon.

'■

(do.)

John Duthy

Trans,

„

(do.)

John Hoadly, LL.D.
(the dramatist, bro-
ther (0 the bishop)

Chip.

(do.)

Sophia Penn

' 174 ^

Gmde to the ^^^^H

EDBravH-sNaiM.

Sigiunurt.

On WhoM B«,k.pla«.

Boofe-pUle.

Ap^^™^

M. (R.) (R. Moun-

Jos. Portal

Chinese

.750 ■

tame)

■

(do.)

C. S. Powlet, Itchin

(do.)

Geo. Powlet, Esq'

Chip.

1 „ (do.)

John Sturgis

1 Nicholls

sculp.

Anon. (ofiheDugdale

family)
Trinity CoUege Dub-

Armorial

1729 dated

0'Hara(K[ane])

fecit

1733

lin Premium

Paterson (Geo,)

sculp.

James, Earle (sic) of
Bute. Fine old ar-
morial work, coronet
and mantling quite
dwarfing the escut-
cheon

before 1723

1 Pine (J.)

sculp.

J. Burton, D.D. (des.
by Gravelot)

Allegoric

1740

P. (J.) (J. Pine)

sc.

Munificentia Regia,
1715 (signed also in
full)

I7i5dat«i

Robinson (John),

sc.

Chip.

1750

Lancaster

R.„

desin.

John Wiltshire, Bath,
(eng. by Skinner)

Pictorial

i74odat(

Robson

fecit

T. P. Young, D.D,

Chip.

1760

S. (W.) See W.

Stephens
S. a- H.)

Samuel Norris

Armorial

1760

Sartor Qa.), Londini

fecit

Ar. three dragons'
heads erased sa. (Qy.
Willison)

Jacobean

1710

Scott (B.)

John, Earl of Hind-
forth

Armorial

1730

Skinner (1.), Bath

sculpt.

John Wihshire (des.
by Ross)

Pictorial

1740 dated

C, Delafaye,Wichbuty

Trans.

1743 dated

Wilts

Musgrave of Edenhall

1732 dated

Skin' (sic) (1.)

sculpt.

Hen.Toye Bridgeman
of Princknash, Glou-
cestershire

Benja. Adam son

Henry Walters

„

1746 dated

1 746 dated

1747 dated

Skinner (Matt-),

sculp.

Peregrine F. Thome.

LateChip

1760

Exon.

Military implements
in background

Spendelon (Theo.)

scu.

Thomas Parker of the
Inner Temple

Jacobean

1740^^1

Stent, Gutter Lane

sculp.

Daniel Olivier, London

Chip.

1760^1

S. (W.) (W. Ste-

fee.

Joh. Colbatch S.T.P.

1755 ^H

phens)

Trin. Coll. Cant
Socius Sen.

r Study of Book-Plaies.

175

Manner of

Ba:;,:L

AppioKimaie

Epgraver's Nanjc.

Signalute.

On Whose Book-plait

Stephens (W.), Can.

sculp"

Christopher Montagu
S?^ Smith CoU, Jesu
Canlabr.

Jacobean

1740
1760

Trinity College, Cam-

Chip.

I7SS

bridge

Samuel Berkley

Armorial

1750

Strange (R.)

sculp.

An" Lumisden

Pictorial

1760

Terry (G.), Pater-

spt.

John Silvester

Late Chip.

1760

noster Row

Peter Muilman

Allegoric

1760

Nath' Highmore

Flowers

1760

Toms (W. H.), I7S2

sculp.

Anon., of Sir C.Fred-
erick, with military
implements (des. by
Hams)

Chip.

1752 dated

Toms (W. H,)

Pleydell Nott

1763 dated

Invitum sequilur ho-

Chip.

17S5

nor. (Chichester.)

S. Ricardi Walwyn de

Late Chip.

1760

Com. Hereford

Vandergucht, anno

Sir William Fleming,

ArmoriaJ

1 7 16 dated

.716

of Ryda],&c.,Baro-

Vertue (George)

not signed

Countess of Oxford

Jacobean

1730

W. (R.)

Rich, Jenkins, Esq'
Rich. Price, Surgeon

1730

W.'(S.)

Henrietta, Countess of
Pomfrel

Pictorial

1740

Wills <i^

sculp.

A. C, God is Love (in
Greek) red printed

1760

Wood (I.)

in. et 5c.

David Garrick

1760

Worlidge (Thos.)

fecit

Hon. HenriettaKnight

Jacobean

■735

ENGRAVERS OF ENGLISH BOOK-
PLATES. SECOND PERIOD.

(1760-1830.)

A GENERAL review of our second period leads to the
conclusion that, neither in interest nor variety, is it able
to compete with our earlier catalogue. Long before its
commencement, the Jacobean ex-libris had become obso-
lete. The Chippendale book-plate was fast falling out of
popular favour. Engravers still continued, it is true, to
encase escutcheons in borderings of flowers and shell-work;
and, to the names already mentioned at p. 35, may be
added these artists who worked at the lowest ebb of the
Chippendale vogue, and who are probably among the very
last producers of the English rococo book-piate. They are
half a dozen in number — Crowe, 1767 (dated); Darling,
Great Newport Street; Foster, Fetter Lane; M. Hanbury;
Hughes; Stayner. Of these Hughes is better known as
an allegorist, and Darling adopts several pictorial styles,
and but rarely touches a Chippendale ex-libris.

When Chippendalism was dead and buried for good
and all, the average English book-plate art ultimately
settled down into a mere plain and prosaic transcript of the
heraldic details without extraneous addition of any kind.
During the last decade of the eighteenth century, and not-
ably after the present century had commenced, the per-

A Guide to Book-Plates.

177

centage of such purely armorial book-plates largely in-
creased. These differ really very little in style from the
armorial ex-libris as at present produced. All ornamental
shield-border is discarded. The name is hardly ever
placed on a bracket, but is merely written unenclosed across
the base of the field of the book-plate. Helmet and mant-
ling are often omitted, or, if present, are represented with-
out any of the breadth or boldness given to those adjuncts
on the ex-libris of Anne and the two first Georges,

But a revolution so thorough, as from Chippendalism to
the modern heraldic plate, could not be accomplished /er
saltum. We are able to indicate at least one pausing
point; and accordingly about 1780 there arose, from the
ruins of the Chippendale ex-libris, that intermediate style
of book-plate decoration, which may be compendiously
termed the Ribbon & Wreath period.

This came in as follows : by about 1775, the Chippen-
dale fashion was quite exhausted and run out. Its con-
ventional frame had been gradually tumbling to pieces.
The perpetually recurrent shell-work had exhausted the
patience of the engraver and of his patrons. So the shell-
frame was set aside for good. But the flowers and sprays
outlived the more conventional inner bordering, and were
still retained for some twenty years on book-plates. They
made up for the loss of the shell-border by the combina-
tion of a good deal of floating ribbon in various bows and
loops. As a centre of the design, appeared the armorial
shield without frame or border of any kind. Around this,
and apart from it, were drooped and hung, above, below,
and at the sides, festoons of leaves and flowers, here and
there be-ribboned. These wreaths in their curves more
or less adapted themselves to the varying outline of the
central escutcheon : with which, however, they were
seldom in actual contact.

178

A Guide to Book-Plates.

This fashion, which lasted from about 1775 to I795i we
have already named t}ie ribbon and wreath*- period ; and
the book-plates designed under its influence arc suffi-
ciently numerous, The year 1780 may be taken as the
climax of this vogue.'

Let us take the dated specimens first, G. L. Bishop of
Kilmore} 1774. Here are an oak and a palm branch
crossed below ; pendent rose festoons above. Sir Thomas
Bankes fanson. Baronet, of Corfe Castle, Dorset, 1783,
(dated), bears, left and right, a single detached spray of
flowers and tulip-like buds, hanging beside the escutcheon.
Rei/. George Pollen, 1787, (dated), gives two berried olive
branches, crossed and ribboned. John Holcombe, New
Cross, 1799, (dated) ; festoons of various flowers quite
surround the shield. Betow, comes in a ribbon length of
loops, bearing the motto.

The engravers of ribbon and wreath book-plates are —
Ezekiel, who profusely ornaments the ex-libris of Laurence
Hynes Halloran, (1775), with wreaths and ribbons both
above and below, and with crossed palms behind the shield.
iW^/e engraves the plate of Rob'. Surtees,Mainsforth,{\jZo),
with crossed olive branches and the usual ribbon. Here,
however, an unusual hatched back-ground is added. The
ex-libris of jIf/cA'. H.Fitzpatrick, Waterford,is signed Billow
sc. This has a floral branch, left and right, and the motto
again on a ribbon. Then we may instance Nathaniel
Highfnoris ex-libris, which is signed by Terry ; where the
shield is represented in a circular festoon with numerous

;t the single word ' festoons ' denotes the ex-librts

' The designs of Sheraton for contemporary furniture arc often
quite in the Ribbon &• Wreath style. See Cabinet-Maker and Uphol-
sterer's Drawing- Book, by T, Shiratonj with an Appendix, 2 vols-^
lib plates, 1793, 4to.

^ George Lewis Jones, D.D.

A Guide to Book-Plates.

blossoming heads. Terry had also designed book-plates
underthe lately declined Chippendale fashion. Merrifidd,
77 Piccadilly^ engraves the common oak and olive branch
for Robert Clutterbuck. The plate of Crewe Hall by Stuart ;
of Barton Bouchter by Lucas ; of John Pugk by a firm
signing W, et W. ; Anon, In Deo Confido by Lake ; of
R. Broderip by Doddrell; of Henry Boulton by J. Ford,
Strand \ of /. Smith Budgen by Hughes ; of W. Boldero
by V. Woodthorpe, 37 Fetter Lane ; of the Blair family
by Deeble—^re all referable to the 'ribbon and wreath'
influence, and range in date between 1775 and I79S.

But some of the most graceful and characteristic plates
in this vogue are neither signed nor dated. We have not
space to describe them in detail. They are inscribed
respectively Stnith, John Symmons Esq"., and Samuel
Enderby. They all date about 1780.

After the disappearance of the ribbon and wreath book-
plates, there does not appear to have arisen any new
and permanent mode of ornamentation, which deserves
a detailed notice. We may just note a curious fashion
of depicting the escutcheon as suspended in mid air with
a background of sky or clouds. This prevailed about
180S — 1815. The plates oi John Fiott, B.A., S'. John's
College, Cambridge, 1806 (dated); of Nicholas Westby,
1811 (dated) ; and the ex-libris of William Terrell, signed
Cook sc, ; and of George Browne Grant, signed by G.
Burke, 5 Palace Street, are typical examples.

The other styles seem merely passing fancies of one or
two engravers. For example, a certain Palmer oj London,
on the book-plate oi R. Guthrie, Berwick, simulates the pro-
vincial bank-note of the period. Then there is the curious
fashion of portraying a kind of monumental urn, as an
excuse for the inscription of the bo ok -co Hector's name.
Darling, among other engravers, adopted this device.

r82 A Guide to the

Quitting now its decorative fashions, and passing to a
relative estimate of its foremost artists, we shall find that
this second period is mainly remarkable for the prominence
of two great names, Bartolozzi and Thomas Bewick. In
very different directions of art, each of these gave, so to
speak, a new ' departure ' to the book-plate style of their
time. Around these a host of lesser artists in ex-libris con-
gregate. InThomas Bewick the newlandscape school found
its most varied and original interpreter. By Bartolozzi the
half obsolete allegories of an earlier generation were re-
vived. At his hands they received new life, far greater deli-
cacy of touch, and a wonderful, if a slightly affected, grace-
fulness. But Bartolozzi is very inadequately represented by
his book-plates. He is seen to far better advantage on his
benefit tickets, his concert tickets, memorial cards, trade
cards, et id genus omne, which do not strictly come within
the purview of this monograph. On the other hand, Thomas
Bewick figures prominently as an engraver of book-plates.
No one could make more than Bewick, of a small and cir-
cumscribed space; but Bartolozzi wanted greater room for
his allegories than the normal-sized library label supplied.
Bewick's special genius in minimis, gained him a multitude
of book-plate commissions; a large percentage of which,
however, were local orders. Some critics, however, like
Walpole, and some poets, like Southey, had the good taste
to employ him from a distance. Accordingly, between
seventy and eighty ex-libris, executed by Thomas Bewick,
are known to exist We have already stated, at p. 51, the
general character of these charming vignette book-plates.

Passing now from the two foremost figures in our second
period, Bartolozzi and Bewick, to their respective scholars
and imitators, we may note that the school of Bartolozzi is
represented, among others, in our list by John Keys Sher-
win, one of his most eminent pupils. The Mitford ex-libris

Study of Book-Plates.

appears from its date, 1773 (written shortly 73), to have
been engraved the year after Sherwin gained the gold
medal for drawing at the Royal Academy. It is allegoric '
and pretty enough, though not of any high importance.
Ford, Yates, Legat, Hughes, and T. King respectively
figure as allegorists on the book-plates of this period. We
have also several graceful but rather weak allegories by W.
Hcnshaw, a Cambridge engraver, to whom Bryan accords
a passing notice in connection with an etched portrait of the
poet Gray, in whom doubtless a strong interest would be
felt at Cambridge after his death in 1771. A fine plate of
a member of the La Tour d'Auvergne family in the same
vogue is signed Barnes and Co., Coventry S', and bears
its date, 1793. Darly slightly touches allegory, but may
be considered with James Kirk as among the best en-
gravers of heraldic ex-libris at this period.

Turning now to the satellites of Thomas Bewick in the
new landscape style, the following names from our list
range themselves around that great and original genius,
Ralph Beilby, Thomas Bewick's master, and subsequently
his partner. Henry F. Hole. J. Bailey ; and in less imme-
diate connection, some being before and some after Thomas
Bewick, come— J. Pye, Lambert, J. Scott, Allen of Bir-
mingham, Bonner, Audinet. All these executed landscape
ex-libris. Additional particulars of J. Scott and J. Pye
will be found in Bryan, also of these other names which
occur in our list — Robert Blyth, Andrew Johnston, Francis
Legat, J. Mynde, and Richard Cooper. Of Cooper, Bryan
catalogues some eleven engraved portraits, and his editor,
Stanley, adds — ' It is conjectured that he (Cooper) was a
native of Edinburgh, and born about 1730.' A conjecture

' Sherwin carried the allegoric fashion so far, as to compose a
finding of Moses, in which the beautiful Duchess of Devonshire
appeared as Pharaoh's daughter.

184 A Guide to the

to which our book-plate, signed — R. Cooper, Edfn'*,

supplies corroborative likelihood.

After these few prefatory explanations, our second list

may now speak for itself. ■

A TABULATED LIST OF ENGLISH ENGRAVERS {Second Periodi |

Manner of

Boo^-plaK.

K^^^^ «

Engrawi'a Name.

SigMtute.

On Wh<K= Book-plat..

Duo. ^H

Adams

sc.

Sir John de Keulle

iSio ■

AUen, Birmingham

sc'

James Yates
Joseph Priestley

Land.

1800 ■
1790 ■

James WooUey

Armorial

1800 H

Appleby, 9 New

sculp'

Edward Dariey

1820 ■

Cut, Lambeth

■

Audinet (P.)
B. (G. C.)

sculp.

Rev. H. S. Cotton

Land.

1810 ■

fecit

Rev* W. Shepherd

Allegoric

1808 dated

B. (J. S.}, 1789

fecit

J. Symonds Breedon,
Bere Court, Berks

1789 dated

B. (R.), see Ralph

Beilby

Bailey (J.)

Ft.

Geo. Allan, Darlington

Land.

1 780 dated

Banister

sculpsit

James Gomme, High
Wycombe

Armorial

1780

Bames and Co.,

Family of La Tour

Allegoric

1793 dated

Coventry S'

d'Auvergne

Bartoiozzi (F.)

fee.

Sir Rob' H. Cunliffe
& Sir Foster Cunliffe

1795

Bartoloezi f F.) R.A.

sculp.

H. F. Bess borough

1796 dated

1796

invenit
inv. sculp.

(des. by Cipriani)
Miss Callender (eng.

by Clyth)
(George the Third)

1780

D. Isabel de Menezes

1798 dated

HisMaiesty,i798

[Beilby (Ralph)],

J. Brand, A.M. Coll.

Land.

1800

(signs R. B.)

Line. Ox on.

Berry (Agnes), Loa-

Anna Damer (eng. by

Allegoric

1793 date*

dini, 1793

del'

Legat)

Bewick (John)

not signed

John Bewick (his own

bookplate)
R' Wilson
(and other book-plates

Land.

1790

Bewick (Robert

sculp.

R. Beilby Nov. Cas.

18 1 7 dated.

Elrington) signed

Sup. Tin. &c. (a fu-

R. B.

neral card)

Bewick (R. E.)

not signed

Anon. Arms of Bell
and Brockett

Armorial

1 810

do.

Rev. T. H. Yorke

do.

Rob' Oliver

(an d other book-plat es

1808

Bewick (Thomas)

Bewick (T.)

scult
scul'

Fuimus. Anon. Of

Carlisle family
JamesChari ton, Gates-

Land.

i8ro

head

f Study of Book-Plates.

■85

Manner of

^A.

EngaW* Nm,..

Sigmturc.

On WhiEe Book-plalE.

Dat*.

Bewick

sculp'

Non in visco fides, &c.
(R. Murray)

Land.

1805

B. (T.)

Rev. H. Coles, Bed-
lington, &c.

1802 dated

Bewick (Thomas)

not signed

(Robert Southey)
Anon. In Lahore
Quies. Arms— S a.
a chev. betw. three
crosses croslet ar.

iBio

do.

Thomas Bell

1797 dated

do.

'■

Sol. Hodgson (a fune-
ral card)

1800 dated

do.

B. Liddell

(and the book-plates
ofabout 73 other in-
dividuals)

1821 dated

Billow

sc.

Mich" H. Fitipatrick,
Waterford

festoons

1780

Blyth (R.)

sculpsit

Miss Callender (des.
by Bartoloizi)

Allegoric

17S0

Bonner

sc.

W. B. Chorley, Liver-
pool
Geoige Goold

Land.

1820

Booker, 56 Bond S'

Bookpile

181S

Bowley, Salop.

Thomas Whilmore

Armorial

1810

Bowley

feet

John Kynaslon Powell

1820

Bromley (W.)

sculp.

R- Elsam, Architect

Land.

1810

Brook, 302 Strand

sc.

Anon. Motto — Con-
stantia

Armorial

181S

Brooke, Fleet S'

Fecit

John Spencer, Esq.

late Chip.

1770

Burke(G.),5 Palace

sculp'

George Browne Grant

clouds

1810

Street

Buraeil

sc.

James Elton

Armorial

1820

Burtenshaw (E.),

Dover
Butter (D.), Edin-

sc'

H. Carter

laieChip.

1780

D^ D. Butter (eng. by

Allegoric

1820 dated

burgh

J. and G. Menzies.)

c. cw.).

sculp.

W. H. Longstaff

Pictorial

1820

Cipriani

Delt.

Jean Tom m ins (eng.

by Ford)
H. F. Bessborough

Allegoric

1770

Cipriani (G. B.)

inv.

1796 dated

Cook

sc.

William Terrell (with
clouds)

Armorial

180S

Cooper (R.), Edin"

fecit

Charles, Lord Elphin-

176a

Coulden, CamP'

A. Nash

1820

(Cambridge)

Crow

Fecit

Anon.

late Chip.

1767 dated

Curtis {].)

Printer

Edward Bury

1820

Darling (W.), G'

Sir John Smith, Syd-

Pictorial

1780

Newport S'

ling S' Nicholas

Darling, G' New-

fe.

Philip Van Swinden

„

port S'

•

1 86

Guide to the

■

M^nn-of

Slylfidf
Boo6.pl»te.

Engraver's Nhw.

Od WhpiF Boiik-pUle.

"Due,

Darling, Gt. New-

fee'

William Osborn. Mili-

Armorial

1770

port S'.

tary Trophies

» >•

fecit

Verney

late Chip.

1770

Darly

inv. et
sculp.

John Wilkes

Armorial

1780

sculp.

C. E. Woodhouse

„ 39 Strand

Lodge Evans Morres

i?6s

Dawson

sc.

J. B., & a cat for crest

1780

Dceble

sc'

Blaic

festoons

Delegal, New Bond

S*
Doddrell

sculp.

Thos, Underwood

lateChip.

1770

sculpt.

R. Broderip

festoons

1780

Drew

sculpt.

Hibernian Academy,

Dublin (a priie)
Edward Filigerald,

Allegoric

176s

Duff (J.)

Allc. and

1780

Athy

Land.

Eben, G' Suffolk S'

sculp'

Hastings

Armorial

1810

Edwards

sept

William Castell. A.M.
(copies an old Jaco-
bean plate)

1820

Ellis (J.). .780

sc'

Charles Hurt

17S0 dated

Eham (R.)

inv. sc.

R. Elsam, Architect

Land.

1810

Esdall (W.)

del' et

sculp*
sc.

Michael Smith

1790 ™

Whyte's Grammar

Allegoric

" ^1

School, Dublin (a
prize)
Laurence Hynes Hal-

Ezefciel

sculp.

festoons

1780^1

loran

Fenner, Paternoster

sc.

William Henry Green

Armorial

1835 ■

Row

Ford (J.), Strand

sculp'

Jean Tommins (des.
by Cipriani.)

Allegoric

1770 fl

Henry Boulton, Esq"
Edw^^HUgh Boscawen

festoons

I78»B

Foster, Fetter Lane

sculp.

late Chip.

G. (S.)

William Gilpin

Armorial

i&»|

Giles

sc.

Ford Family. Anon.

1780 ■

hTw.)'

Thomas Croker

iSioH

Champneys, Orchard-

1790 ■

ley, Somerset

Hanbury (M.)

scnl.

John Wallis

iTtiS'H

Henshaw (W.)

sc'

E. T. Bridges Col. Re-
gin. Cantab.

i77Sfl

■'

sculp.

Verney Lovett, Trin.
Coli. Cant.

Allegoric

I78<>9

;;

sc.

sc'

W» Bennett
W. F. Gason, Clare
HalL Camb.

1775 fl

Hewitt, Pickett

Joseph Neeld

Armorial

iSiO'^l

Street

•

1 Nol Ike M

neasW.H. of Ihs earlier 5«i«.

r Siitdy of Book-Plates.

187

Manner of

Slyle nf

Approximate

EDgnvs^ Name.

Signatuie.

On Whose Book.p!ale.

Boalc-plale.

Date.

[Hole (H. F. P.)]

not signed

C. L. A pyramid with
Thomas Dethick

Land.

1798

Howe

Fct.

flowers

1790

Howjtt

G. C. Bainbridge

Pictorial

Hughes

fecit

Foy est Tout.

late Chip.

1780

Hughes

„

E. Rolfe, Heacham,

Norfolk
R. H. Alexan. Bennet

Armorial

1770

fee'

Allegoric

1780

fecit

J. Smith Budgen

festoons

1790

"„ Bond S'

T. Gascoigne, Parling-

Allegoric

1780

Huntly, 74 New

Sir T.Stamford Raffles

Armorial

I816

Bond S'

(died in 1826)

inglefield (Sii H.)

inv.

Mary Berry. Inter fo-
lia fnictus

Allegoric

1810

Johnson, Chelf"

sc.

Lord Northwick

Armorial

1820

erg.

Charles Lake

1835

Johnson (G.), Bris-
tol

Peter Baillie

181S

Jeremiah Hill

Armorial

Cillery Piggott

il'io

Johnston (W. and

A.K)
Johnstone (J. & J.)

sculpt

L' Colonel R. S. Se-

James Russell

1815

King (T.), Homer-
ton, Hackney

L. {W. HO (W. H.
Longstaff)

Lake

sculp.

Fran. Hay ward

Allegoric

1780

Del.

W. H. Longstaff

Pictorial

1820

W.R.Highmore,M.D.

Armorial

1779 dated

1;*

John Earner
In Deo Confido

festoons

1785

Lake, Bartholomew
Lane

Lambert, New-
castle

John Randall

1810

sc.

I. H. Fryer

Land.

„

Ralph William Grey,

Armorial

181S

Backworth

„

Esperance en Dieu

„

t8io

(Percy Arms)

Ant. Hedley

1820

Legal (Franciscus)

sculp.

Anna Darner (des. by
Agnes Berry)

Allegoric

1793 dated

Lewis

Henry Studdy

1820

Lucas, Ash"

Barton Bouchier

festoons

1790

Lyons (E.)

ex.

John Bagot

1780

Vir^s in arduu.

Armorial

1790

Mathews (W.), Ox-
ford
Menzies (J. and G.)

Sandys Lumsdainc

182a

Df. D. Butler (des. by

Allegoric

1 820 dated

(Edinburgh)

D'. D. Butter him-
self)
Robert Clutterbuck

Meirifield, 77 Pic-

festoons

1780

cadilly

i88

Guide to the

ETiErsvn'9 N^uiiF.

SLgnamrt

On Whose Book-plate.

Style of
BooS-platE.

'^"sr

Merrilield, 35 Dean

Laurence Donovan

Armorial

1820

SS Soho

Michell, Bond S'

Honble W" Walde-
grave

festoons

i?fc

Henry Beauclerk

Armorial

Mutlow.Walbrook'

sculp.

Mr. Lucombe

Allegoric

j8^

Mynde (J.)

)•

F.R.S.
R. Surteea of Mains-

late Chip.

1770

Neele, 352 Strand

sculp'

festoons

1780

forth (des. by Sur-

tees himself)

sculp-

Leo dejuda est Robur

Nostrum
John Ellis

Armorial

1790

O'Connor

Rochfort

181S

Osborne, 71 Lom-

W. H.Williams, M.D.,

1820

bard S'

&c.

Ovenden, Butcher

(Palmer) Pa/«ia» /»/;■/

1800

Row

et Coronam

set.

James Lahy

Land.

1790

Paas (C. and A.),

sculpt.

Joshua Scrope of

Pictorial

I79S

No. 53 Holborn

Cockerington

Palmer, London

sculp.

Robert Guthrie, Ber-
wick

an old
banknote

1790

Peel

eng.

Gilmour Robinson,
Clerk

1800

Pemberton

sculp'^

Carrington Garrick

Land.

1780

Perkins and Heath

(Duke of Sussex)

Armorial

i82S

Pigott

Richard MangnaU

1820

Polak

sculp.

Edward Roger North,
Trin. Coll. Camb.

festoons

1780

Pollard (R.)

del.etinv.

Ar. a lion ramp. sa.
Minerva under a

Allegoric

1790

Pye, Birm(ingham)

sculp.

T. W. Greene, Lich-
field

Land.

■■

Pye . . . 1798

delin. et

Thomas Nicholson

1798 dated

Roe (R.)

ect.

Dobree Legacy, Trin:

Coll: Cam:
J. R. Buckland, Cam-

Allegoric

1836 dated

Roe, Cambridge

1820

bridge

Roper

Jane Legh

Armorial

1810

Sandys

sculpt.

Feinaglian Institute
Dublin (Prize)

festoons

181s

Sansom (E.)

del. et
sculp.

Arm.

Land-

1790

Scare and Co.

sc.

Landsdowne

Armorial

tSio

Scott (J.)

sculpt.

James Hews Bransby

Land,

> Th=rc is another Afullmi 0/ Vwk

St., CeetHl GardtH, who engraves later an

bByond our

penod, 1830-40.

[

Study of Book-plates.

Id's Name.

Sherwin (J.), 73
Sherwin (W.)

Surtees (R.)

Sutherland (J.),
Abcrd"

T. (W.)

Taylor (J.)

Thompson (C),
Cross, Edin"

Thompson (J-)t Bel-
fast

Toleken

Tollejr

Unkles

W. (J. P.)
W. et W.
Warwick, 145

Strand

Welsh (T.)
White (W. J.), no,
13 Long Acre

Woodman & Mut-

low
Woodthorpe (V.),

27 Fetter Lane

fecit
sculp.

drawn &
engraved

^ Mitford, PitU

Hill
William Bentham,

Lincolns Inn
John Meybohm

John Morse

Pye,

Henry
Esq.

Crewe Hall (Cheshire)

James Ogilvie

Newman Smith

William Pott

P. Renny, M.D.

Rob' Surtees, Mains-
forth (eng. byNeele)

John Forbes of Black-
ford

Henry Aylorde

Tanrego, Co. Sligo.

John Borlhwick ol
Crookston

Henry Hardy
George Burnsh
In Deo spes.
Earl of Morley

M. Smith
John Pugh
Hon. W, M. Noel

Jacobus Haviland
Samuel Mills
William Henry Merle
J. Sheppard
Anon. Vera nihil

Edmund F. Bourke
Champneys, Orchard-

leigh, Somerset

(7 by 9i in.)
Marquis of Donegall

William Boldero AM.

c (i7)73dated
1780

Armorial
late Chip.

Allegoric
Armorial

l.and.
festoons

Armorial

7[86] dated
1800

i8zo

A Guide to Book'Plaies,

On Wbgw Book-pluc

Thomas Anson, Shug'-
borough

Marquiss of Donega]!

Rev.W. Leigh, Rush-
all, Stafford

John TarletOD

Book-plata.

Allegoric
Armoriai

l8a)

■n^rngj^^vdi:

[No. 14.]

FOREIGN DATED BOOK-PLATES.

{Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries.')

A FAIR general idea of the antiquity and of the extent of
the book-plate record upon the Continent may be gathered
from a perusal of the ensuing list. As compared therewith
our English dated series is but a thing of yesterday. In
artistic excellence, by the side of these German examples,
our catalogue of English dated ex-libris is homely, recent,
and inconspicuous.

The list, which follows, professes to be an enumeration
of all the foreign book-plates, bearing an engraved or
printed ^ date, which the author has seen or heard of, down
to the year 1699. And it must be once more emphatically
premised, that a date, written in manuscript upon a book-
plate, does not constitute that ex-libris a dated one for the
purposes of this work. It is submitted that the authen-
ticity of an engraved date rests on a much higher ground ;
and it is to be hoped that collectors will adopt and insist
upon this most vital distinction.^

- Many MS. dates 01
spurious ones are by 1
before me the book-pla
This is dated on the na
Anstruther did not conr
Baronetcy was in 1694,
itself is of the normal a
bably soon after 1711.

John Faber, 1540, of Charles Albosius, 1574,
, 1636, are each purely typographical.
1 ex-libris will prove, no doubt, authentic, but
10 means uncommon. For instance, I have
!e ai Sir John Anstruther of that ilk. Baronet.
me bracket in MS. 1683. Now this Sir John
,e to the title till 171 1, and the creation of the

eleven years after the MS. dale. The plate
rmorial style of Queen Anne, and dates pro-

194

A Guide to the

It was our original intention to have given detailed de
scriptions of all these foreign dated ex-libris ; but their
number increased so much, that want of space compelled
us to restrict ourselves to recording merely their inscrip-
tional portions. The inscription, therefore, of each indivi-
dual specimen is here set down. This is copied exactly
as it appears on the ex-libris. The abbreviations and eveO'j
the misspellings, which are found on the original, an
faithfully reproduced. All matter or comment, extraneous
to the actual inscription, will be enclosed in a parenthesis.
A general heading, for the reader's convenience, will be
prefixed to each example. This will enable him to take,
in at a glance the purport, date, and adscription of eachi
individual book-plate.

Liber Hieronymi Ebnery 1516. Deus Re/ugium meufn.
This interesting example heads our list. It is peculiarly-
fortunate that, on this our earliest dated book-plate, the
formula — Hieronymus Ebner, his book — should leave no
kind of doubt that this woodcut is a genuine ex-libris.
As a rule, the older the book-plate, the more often does
this tantalising hesitation oljtrude itself upon the mind of
the conscientious collector. Often will he have to reject
some charming piece of medieval wood-engraving, because
the evidence of its use as an ex-libris is at best equivocal.

Deus Re/ugium nuum. These Scripture texts will be
found extremely differential of the early German book-
plates. The instances of their use are legion. Of our ten
earliest examples in this list, seven bear such biblical quo-
tations. Christopher Scheurl, 1541, has no less than five
texts on one ex-libris. They seem in Germany to precede
the true heraldic motto ; and, in some measure, to do duty
for it. Sometimes their selection is quaint — Omnia niunda
mundis. And again — Estate prudentes sicut Serpentes. The
earliest approach to an actual heraldic motto is found

'i-

IS n

Study of Book-Plaies. 1 95

under 1565 — In spe contra aspan; or, again, in 1569 —
Patrug et Amicis. Now and then we get what are neither
texts nor mottoes, but rather 'sentiments.* As — Jok.
Georgii A Werdenstein Insignia et Progenitores, 1 592. Non
omnibus omnia placent. Where the stately heraldic exor-
dium ends rather fish-like in the concluding platitude.
Or the moral sentiment is versified ; as by Nicholas Firlei,
1570—

Pietas homini tutissima virtus.

Who enforces this lesson on his ex-libris by a picture of
the young stork bringing food to his decrepit parent in
the nest.

One Jodocus, on our third earliest book-pJate in 1522,
explains the heraldry of his library label by an appended
distich of Latin doggerel verse —

Propria Jodocus gerit hac sua signa parentum ;
Matrem virgo notat, fibula dupla patrem.

The arms of either parent here Jodocus hath displayed.
His father bears the buckles, and his mother bears the maid.

Now and then we get other poetical mottoes equally
quaint, not heraldic or moral, but bearing special reference
to study, and so appropriate enough to be placed on
an ex-libris. The dictum of an Austrian lawyer, John
Seyringer, under the year 1697, is the best —

Haurit aquam cribris qui vult sine discere libris.
He who would learn without the aid of books.
Draws water in a sieve from running brooks.

So again, John Giles Knoringen enunciates a touching
belief in the comparative purity of bygone ages. This he
expresses in poetry, to be found under the year 1 565, of
which here is rough translation —

196 A Guide to the

These are the famed insignia of my sires.

Which in their proper tinctures thou mayst see. 1

Not bribes, as is the fashion of these days,
But virtue raised them to nobility.

The depicta suo rite colore of the original means, of course,
that this book-plate is actually coloured. I have in my
own collection some more of these coloured woodcut
German book-plates. They are all probably anterior to
1600. Among them occur — The Municipal Library of
Nuremberg. Hieronymus Schenck, Joannes Ecker, Pra-
positus in Schefftlarn, etc. etc.

Some of the heraldic examples in our list are very elabor-
ate and stately. On these old German book-plates, what we
call the 'quarterings' are not massed together upon one
shield, but are ranged round the exterior of the design ina
number of separate escutcheons, each duly named beneath.
Instances of this practice will be found on the book-plates
of John George i Werdenstein, 1 592, of Zachary Geizkofler,
1603, and of John William Kress, 1619. In the Werden-
stein plate there are no less than sixteen of these 'progeni-
torial' shields, eight on each side. A still finer anony-
mous plate, signed at full — Heinrich Ullrich fe — has twenty
such escutcheons, besides the central one of the ImhofT
family, to which the ex-libris belongs. This is charged
with a Uon-poisson, or fish-tailed lion, which is repeated
on the crest. The motto — Virtute non sanguine. Henry
Ulrich was of Nuremberg, and worked from 1590 to 1628.
The plate is undated, and therefore, strictly speaking,
does not come within the scope of this chapter, except as
an illustration of profuse heraldic detail. (W.)

The Legacy book-plates in our list are curious and note-
worthy. In 1588, Wolfgang Andrew Rem i Ketz, Provost
of the Cathedral at Augsburg, bequeaths to the library of

Study of Book-plates. 197

the Monastery of the Holy Cross in that city — librum hunc
una cum mills et tribus aliis, variisque instrtimentis mathe-
maticis. So that allowing, as we are bound, for 'this
book,' the exact sum total of the library was 1004- Surely
the good Provost might have thrown in the four odd
volumes, and recorded his munificence in round numbers.

John Faber, Bishop of Vienna, who was named by his
admiring contemporaries, the 'hammerer of the heretics'
(malleus hereticorum), when the mallet of orthodoxy was
about to slip from his wearied grasp,^ made in 1540, the
year before he died, this bequest ; and added on the book-
plate, which decked these volumes, this very lawyer-like
statement. John Faber commences at once to the fol-
lowing sledge-hammer effect : —

'This book was bought by us. Doctor John Faber,
Bishop of Vienna, and assistant in the government of the
New State,^ both as Councillor and Confessor to the most
glorious, clement, and pious Ferdinand, King of the Ro-
mans, Hungary, and Bohemia, and Archduke of Austria.
And, since indeed that money (which purchased this
volume) did not arise from the revenues and properties of
our diocese, but from our own most honest labours in
other directions ; and, therefore, it is free to us to give or
bequeath the book to whomsoever we please — We accord-
ingly present it to our College of S' Nicholas; and we
ordain that this volume shall remain there for ever for the
use of the students, according to our order and decree.
Done in our Episcopal Court at Vienna, on the first day
of September, in the year of grace, 1540.'

We may well fancy, after reading this, that the Bishop
was a decidedly awkward opponent for a nervous heretic.

' ' My father, Pip, he hammered away at my mother most onmer-
cifol.' — Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens.

' Hungary and Bohemia were first united to Austria under this
Archduke Ferdinand in J526.

198

A Guide to the

Next year, as we have said, the hammering was to cease
for good. The curious Hkeiiess of this book-plate to a
legal document is, as far as I know, without parallel.

The minuteness of these old ex-libris is most naTve and
characteristic. If Wolfgang Rem counts his library to.
the last pamphlet, John Vennitzer, knife-smith or cutler,
informs us on his library label, dated 1618, that he was'
born in the good city of Nuremberg at 23 minutes past 5,
in the afternoon, on the 14"' day of May, 1565.

No doubt the worthy swordsmith conscientiously be-
lieved that the condition of his whole life depended upon
that particular moment at which he entered the world.
And he was probably deeply versed in the mysteries of
horoscopy. He seems to have combined book-collecting
with cutlery, and speaks with very complacent modesty
of his library in these verses, of which the jolting metre of i
the original version, to be found under the year 1618, is,
somewhat, we hope, preserved : —

The book-collection, which I 've made.
In Laurence Priest-house* safely laid.
Is not for glory of my own.
But made to honour God alone ;
Bestowed, as the Holy Spirit leads,
From whom all earthly good proceeds.
He opens, in fine, with a horoscope, and ends with an
epitaph! And all upon an ex-libris. The reader will
agree, that it would be difficult to find a more curious
example in the whole range of book-plate lore.

We have already hinted, that in artistic excellence this

' I cannot resist here recordingmy obligations to Mr. T. U. Fletcher J
of the B. M. Library, in whose company, during 3 dusty hunt in the 1
labjTinths of the National collection, this charming book-plate camel
to light. In talinunquam lassat venatio lylva.' Since then, I haval
luckily secured a second example. ■

" The residence of the priests who officiated at St. Laurence's church. J

Study of Book-Plates. igg

foreign series leaves our English list very far indeed behind.
A good proportion of its ex-libris would be acceptable in
any collection of engravings, quite apart from the fact,
which specially concerns us here, that they happen to be
book-plates. Some twenty or more constituents of the
ensuing catalogue merit this eulogium, and of their designs
we would gladly furnish detailed descriptions. But as
want of space renders this impossible, let us describe, as a
sample of what a German book-plate can be, the magnifi-
cent ex-libris of Peter Vok, Ursinus, Count of Rosenberg.
Let us premise that this is engraved and signed by Giles
Sadeler, born at Antwerp in 1 570 ; who, after studying in
Italy, was invited to Prague by the Emperor Rodolph the
Second, who took him into his service and gave him a
regular salary, Sadeler also retained the favour of the next
two Emperors, Matthias and Ferdinand II. He died at
Prague in 1629. It will be seen that in his signature of
this plate he alludes to his employment by the Emperor.
This ex-libris is on copper, 10 inches by 6 ; the design is
as follows : In a central circular medallion, 3f inches in
diameter, appears Peter Vok in complete armour, charging
on a war-horse richly caparisoned. On his breastplate lies
an escutcheon with these arms — bendy of six, on a chief a
rose, barbed and seeded, over all, upon a fesse a flame. The
knight's sword is in his hand. On his helmet-spike, and on
the steed's furniture, the rose of his escutcheon is repeated.
The war-horse's head is plumed, and it is going at full
gallop across a little landscape of hillocks. Round the
margin of the medallion runs a wreath of roses. At each
side stand on a platform, as quasi-supporters, two figures
about 5 inches in height. The one to the left is a female
symbolical form in fine flowing drapery, holding the cup of
the eucharist in one hand, and a short slender cross in the
other. The form on the right is also a symbolical feminine

2C» A Guide to the

figure, holding a tablet inscribed — Verbum Domini vtanet
in eternuni. Her hair is drawn back from her forehead.
The medallion rests on two bears, in allusion to the family
name Ursinus. These appear crouching between the two
female supporters. The face of thealtar-like platform below
is divided into one central and two lateral compartments,
of which the side ones project forward. On the right lateral
stab is placed an escutcheon, charged si m ply with the Rosen-
heim rose ; on the left slab recur the family arms, blazoned
more elaborately as on the breastplate, but ensigned with
an ermine-faced crown. On the central slab of this platform
is a skull resting on two shin bones ; and immediately be-
hind is written — in silentio et spe. Beneath this is the signa-
ture — S. C. M'" Sculptor j^g. Sadehr fecit, (engraver to
His Imperial Majesty). At the top of the plate, and reach-
ing right across its upper portion, is an obiong tablet with
indented shelly scroll-work edges, and a background
border of large full-blown roses with thorny stems, an ex-
tremely graceful ornamentation. The tablet reads — Ex
bibliothecd Illustrissiiiii Principis Dhi Petri Vok, Ursini,
Domini Domus a Rosenberg, Ultimi & Senioris, & e Pri-
matibus Bohemoruin celsissimi et antiquis : Anno Ckristi
M.DC.IX. (i.e., ' From the Library of the most Illustrious
Prince, Peter Vok, Ursinus (a family name) ; the seat of
this Lord's family is in Rosenberg; he is the highest, the
first in precedence, the most exalted, and the oldest in
race among the primates of Bohemia. In the year of
Christ, 1609'). The roses of the escutcheon, which are
also so plentifully sprinkled across the decoration of the
plate, allude to the name of Rosenberg. The cradle of
the family is the Castle of Rosenberg, which is some six
miles S.W, of Horn, and is still one of the largest and best
preserved feudal fortresses in Austria. The lists and gal-
leries for the old tournaments are still quite perfect. So

Study of Book-Plates. 201

doubtless at tournament, or in the more serious onset of
war,looked Count Rosenberg as we see him here in panoply.

It takes one back a long way into the past, and one cer-
tainly hardly expects, after the pacific opening formula
ex bibliothecd, to find the owner of that library portrayed
in full armour, galloping into battle with drawn sword in
hand. A specimen of this grand ex-libris is in the Lem-
pertz collection at Leipsic, and I have another example,
unluckily rather imperfect.

It will be by this time very apparent to the reader that
German specimens preponderate greatly in our list. The
respective nationalities of the ex-libris quoted are Polish —
one ; Swiss — one ; Spanish — one; French — eight; German
— eighty-seven ; Netherlandish — one. Total, ninety-nine,
But we have ex-libris in two separate years of Loelius,
Scheurl, Baron von Wolckenstein, Baron von Windhag,
and Geizkofler ; so that the number of distinct individuals,
or communities, who have left dated foreign book-plates,
is ninety-four.

It will be observed that a reference is appended at the
end of each description, where the particular ex-libris may
be found. A large section are included in a remarkable
collection made by M. Lempertz, sen,, of Cologne, and at
present transferred to the Museum of the Bookseller's
Exchange at Leipsic. {Buckhandler BiirsB.) ^

M. Poulet-Malassis describes the ex-libris of Melchior
de la Valine, Canon, etc., of St. George at Nancy,' as
bearing the date 161 1 ; but afterwards, in reviewing the
book-plates of this his first period, he says that not one of
them is dated. ^ In this uncertainty it is deemed best to
leave out this ex-libris from our dated list

' These specimens are followed by the abbreviation Z, B. Mus.
Leipsic Bookseller's Museum. My own examples are followed by W.
* Page 7. ^ Page 19.

202

A Guide to the

Since this list and these pages were in type, I have ac-
quired the ex-libris of N(iclwlas) R{emy) Prison de Bla-
mont, Con'. {Conseiller) au ParUment A Paris, 1694
(dated). (W.) M. Poulct-Malassis mentions that these three
engravers have signed book-plates with the following dates.
/. Colin, 1685; i'fii^.ieC/^ri:, 165s, and another, 1660; Ogier
d Lyon, 1696. But having no further particulars of these
dated ex-libris, we can merely indicate them thus.

Again, the fine book-plate of Carolus Agricola Hamtno-
ttius, engraved by Mr. Leighton in the Gentleman's Mag.,
June 1866, unfortunately has the last two numerals of its
date blurred and uncertain: thus, 15 — . We may be
sure, therefore, that the plate is anterior to iS99i but no
more can be said.

The list itself now follows.
A List of Dated Foreign Book-Plates anterior

TO 1700.
1516. Hieronymus Ebner of Nuremberg.
Liber Hieronymi Ebner, 15 16. Deus Refugiura Meum.
(Designed by Albert Durer, see Bartsch, vol. vii., under
Durer:) A. F.

I S 16. The Sckonlhal Convent at Basle.
Apud Inclytam Germanias Basileam, M.D.XVI. (L. B.
Mus.) (The arms enable this ex-libris to be identified.)

1522. The Anns of Jodocus.
Propria Jodocus gerit htec sua signa parentum ;
Matrem virgo notat, fibula dupla patrem. 1 522. (L. B. Mus.)
1535. Hector Pomer, Provost of 5* Laurence,
Nuremberg.
D. Hector Pomcr Przepos. S. Laur. (signed) R. A,, 1525.
Omnia munda mundis. (Designed by Albert Durer. The
initials refer to some wood-engraver.) (L. B. Mus. — N. &
Q.,3rd S. viii. 308; Bartsch, vol. vii., under Durer.) (The
motto is repeated in Greek and Hebrew.) A. F,

Study of Book-Plates.

203

1534. Anthony, Titular Bishop of Philadelphia,
Suffragan of Eichstddt.
Antonius D. G. Episcopus Philadelphia, Suffragan.
Eistetten, M.D.XXXIIII. Dominus Adjutor ct Protector
meus. (L. B. Mus.)

1 5 36. The Book-plate of W. H.

W. H. — In domino Confido., 1536, (And then apart)

M. R. A.— I. H. S.— I. O. E. S. (L. B, Mus.)

1539. Justus Syringus.

Justus Syringus, 1539. Estote prudentes sicut serpentes.

(L. B. Mus.)

1540. Testamentary Gift of Books by John Faber,

Bishop of Vienna, to the College of S'- Nicholas in

that City.

Emptus est iste Hber per nos Doctorem Joannem Fabrutn

Episcopuni Viennesem, et Coadjutorein Nove Civitatis, Glori-

ossimi et clementissimi, Romanorum, Hungarie, Bohemieque

etc. Regis, ac Arckiduds Austrie Ferdinandi pientissimi a

Consiliis et a Confessionibus. Et guidem non ea pecunia,

qum ex proventibus et censib} Episcopatus provenit, sed ea,

quain ex honestissimis nostris laboribus aliunde accepimus,

proinde liberum est nobis donare ac legare cui voluerimus.

Donamus igitur Cotlegio nostra apud Sanctum Nicolaum,

ordinamusque ut ubi in perpetuum Studentibususi sit,juxta

statuta et prescripta nostra.

Actum Vienne in Episcopali Curia, prima die Septembris.
Anno Sa/utis, M.D.XXX.

(In the British Museum, and W. The text is in black
letter. 11X7I inches.)

1541. Christopher Scheurl, a lawyer.
Liber Christophori Scheudi J. U. D. qui natus est li
Novemb. 1481. Mihi autem adherere Deo bonum est,
' Revenues and properties of the diocese.

204

A Guide to the

ponere in Domino Deo spem meatn : Psal. LXXII. j
Beatus vir qui timet Dominum in mandatis ; gloria etdivitiae j
in domo ejus : Psal. CXI. Divites eguerunt et esurierunt,
inquirentes autem Dominum non deficient omni bono:
Psal. XXXIII. Fecit mihi magna qui potens est, et I
sanctum nomen ejus; Luc. I. Justus qui ambulat in i
felicitate sua, beatos post se filios relinquet i Prov, XX.
(L. B, Mus.) (It seems more appropriate to class this
ex-libris under the year 1 541, the date given on its variety,
than under the year 1481, which applies only to the birth
of its owner.)

1541. Christopher Sckeurl, a lawyer.
Liber Christophori Scheurli J. U. D. qui natus est II
Novemb. 1481. Psal. LXXII. Mihi autem adhaerere i
Deo bonum est, ponere in Domino Deo spem meam, 1541.
(L. B. Mus.)

1554. Anonymous Book-plate.

S. M. P.V.I. D., 1554. (W.) (Out of a ducal crown a

demi-man in a long cap, holding in one hand an arrow and '

in the other a kind of javelin (?). The whole in a wreath.) ■

1555. A ndrew Imhoff.

Andreas Imhoff, 1555. (By Virgil Solis, but not signed.)

(L. B. Mus.)

1558. A Legacy of Books by Daniel {Brendel of 1

Hamburg), Archbishop of Mayence, to the Jesuit f

College in that City, which he had founded.

Societatis Jesu, 1558. Ex liberal itate Reverendissimi

& lUustrissimi Principis ac Domini D. Danielis, Archi-

episcopi Sanctse Sedis Moguntin^, Sacri Rom. Imperii per

Germaniam Archicancellarii, Principis, Electoris, Prirai

Fundatoris hujus Collegii Moguntini, etc. Deus Opt.

Max. retribuat (L. B. Mus.) A. F.

Study of Book-Plates.

205

1560. Philip. A. Planus.
Insig. Philippi A. Piani, 1560. (L. B. Mus.)

1564. Francis Pfeil.
Frantz Pfeil, D., 1564.

Subditus esto Deo, mandato munere fungens.
Et spera in miseris et pete rebus opem.

Phil. Mel.
Thue Recht— Las Gott Walten—

Firma velut geminis stant lilia fulta columnis,

Perfodiat quamvis sjeva sagitta ' latus.
Inclyta sic dubiis virtus exercita rebus

Curat et exuperans cuncta pericla viget
(L. B. Mus.) Seb. Ge.

1565. Jokn Giles Knoringen.
Jo. Eg. Knoringen.

Majorum sunt hzec insignia clara meorum.

Quze depicta suo ritfe colore vides.
Munera non illos, ceu mos est temporis hujus,
Sed propria Virtus nobilitavit ope.
M.D.LXV. In Spe, Contra Aspem. (L. B. Mus.)

1 566. Pkilippus AgHcola {Hodgkin\

1567. George, Provost of S'. Cross, Augsburg.
Georgius, Praspositus S. Crucis Augustae, electus et

confirmatus Anno. M.D.LXVII Mense Decemb. In
manu Dni Sortes me^e. (L. B. Mus.)

1567. Michael Puhelmair, a lawyer.
Insignia Michaelis puhelmair U. J. Doct, 1567. (L. B.
Mus.) A. F.

1568. The Abbey of Weissenau in Swabia.
Abtci Weissenau, 156S. (L. B. Mus.)

• Pfeil in German r
Philip Melanchthon. The second, Mr.
Sebastian Castalio, Gei

2o6 A Guide to Book-Plates.

1 569. Pfiming von Henfenfeld.
Pfiozing von Henfenfeld, 1569. Patriae et Amicis.
(Signed) M. Z. (Matthias Ziindt). (Henfenfeld was a
Nuremberg family.) (L. B. Mus.)^

1570. Wolfius Christopher of Ensersdorf {Austria).
Wolfius Christoferus ab Enzestorf, 1570. Dirlge me
in semita recta. (L. B. Mus.)

1 570. Sebalt Millner von Zwai Raden {the two wheels').
Sebalt Miliner Von Zwai Raden, 1570. (L. B. Mus.)

1570. Nicholas Firlei of Daubrawits in Bohemia.
Pietas homini tutissima virtus. Nicholaus Firlei in
Danibrovizca, 1570. (Mr. Peckett.)

1572. Philip fames Wernher, a lawyer of the Imperial
Court of fustice at Rothweil in Swabia.
Philipp Jacob Wernher J. U. D. Kaysserlichen Hoff-
gerichts Advocatus und Procurator Juratus zu Rothweil,
1572. (L. B. Mus.)

1573, Balthazar, Abbot of Fulda, etc.
Balthasar Dei Grat. Abbas Fulden. D. August. Archican.
et P. Gcrma. ac. Gall. Primas. 1573. Collegii ad S.
Petrum Societatis Jesu. (L. B. Mus.)

1574. The Monastery of Tegemsee in Bavaria,
Adalbertus et Ockarius, Fuodatores Monast. Tegerns.
Quirinus Dei Gratia Abbas Monasterii In Tegernsec.
An. 1574. (L. B. Mus.)

1 574- Charles Albosius, Bishop ofAutun near Chalons.
Ex bibliotheca Caroli Albosii E. Eduensis. Ex labore
quies, 1574. (Poulet-Malassis, p. 4.)

1575. Ulrich, Grand Duke of Mecklenburgh.
1575. E. H. G. V. V. G. Ulrich H. Z. Mecklenburg.
(W. and N. & Q. ist S. vii. 26.) (The E really divides the
date, thus 15. E. 75.)

1576. Mauritius Winkelman (Hodgkin).
' Andresen Peintre Graveur Bd. I Jug. 29.

)

A Guide to Book-plates. 209

I57S- George von Vechelde.
Georg. von Vechelde, 1575. (L. B. Mus.)
1580. Hieronymus Nutsell fecit.
1584. Oberkamph von Dubrun.
Oberkamph v. Dubrun, 1584. (EO? in corner. An
uncertain engraver's monogram.) (Mr. Peckett.)
1587. Erhard Voit, Abbot of some German Monastery.
Erhardus Voit, Dei Gratia, Hujus Monasterli Abbas,
ac Bibliothec^e hujus Auctor et Fundator amplissimus.
M.D.LXXXVII. (N. & Q. sth S. viii. 397.)

1588. A Legacy of Books to ike Monastery of St.

Cross, Augsburg, by Wolfgang Andrew Rem d

Ketz, Provost of the Cathedral in that City.

Revereodus et Nobilis Dominus Wolfgangus Andreas

Rem a Ketz, Cathedralis Ecclesije August: Sum: Praspo-

situs, librum hunc una cum miUe et tribus aliis, variisque

instrumentis Mathematicis, Bibliotheca; Monasterii S.

Crucis Augustse ad perpetuum conventuah'um usum, Anno

Christi M.D.LXXXVIII, Testamento legavit. (L. B.

Mus.) A. F.

1590. Thomas Lunde or Lunder, a Canon of St,
fohn's Church at Ratisbon.
Thomas Lunde Canon. S. Johannis Ratis. ('G. W. D.'
in Notes and Queries, 6th S. vol. i. p. 4). (I have an
ex-libris of the same person reading — Thomas Lunder
Cano. S. foannis Ratis. Nihil Virtute Nobilius — but in my
example there is no engraved date.)

1592. fohn George von Werdenstein.
Joh. Georgii a Werdenstein Insignia et Progenitores.
Non omnibus omnia placent. (Signed) Dominic Custodis
fe. a" 1 592. (W.) (The escutcheons of the ' progenitores,'
each duly labelled, hang on either side of the plate.)
1 593- fohn Christopher Prueschench, Pontanus.
1 593' Johannes Christophorus Prueschench, Pontanus.
(L. B. Mus.)

2IO A Guide to the

1 594- Christopher, Baron of Wolckhenstain.
Christophorus Baro a Wolckhenstain & Rodnegg, etc.
M.D.XCIIII. (W.) (3j X 2\ in.)

1595. Christopher, Baron of Wolckhenstain.
Christophorus, etc. (Inscription as on the preceding,
except the date, which is) M.D.XCV. (This plate is much
larger also, being ^\ x 5^ inches.) (W.) (In the larger
plate the field of the escutcheon is less shaded than on
the smaller one of the previous year.)

1595. Andrew Beham, the Eider.
Andreas Beham der Elter, Anno Domini 1595. Cum
bonis Ambula — Omnia a Deo — ^Ora et Labora. (L. B.
Mus. and N. & Q. 4th. S. vol. v. p. 66.)

1600. Henry, Bishop of Augsburg.

Henricus D. G. Eps. (Episcopus) August 1600, (L. B.
Mus, and Hodgkin.)

1603, Zachary Geiskofler tie Gailenbach, Grand _
Treasurer of the Holy Rotnan Empire under \
Rodolph II.

Zacharias Geizkofler de Gailenbach in Haunsheim eti
Mos. Eques aurat. Dive Rudolpho II. Rom. Imp: etl
Sereniss. Archiduc. Austria Dno Matthi^e et Maximiliano ]
^ consiliis ac Sac. Rom. Imp, Summus Thesaurarius. '
An°. Dili M.D.CIII. (Signed)D. C. F. (Dominic Gustos J
fecit.) (Eight escutcheons, named beneath, are arranged 1
on each side of the ex-libris.) (W. in two sizes ; for the-1
folio, 8 X 6 in, ; for the quarto, 5^ X i\ in.)

1604. Albert Hunger, Doctor of Theology.
Albertus Hungerus S. S, Theologise Doctor, Professor, j
etc. (L. B. Mus,) A. F.

Study of Book-Plates. 2 1 1

[605. Zachary Geiskofier von Gailenbach and his
Wife Maria, bom Rehel.
Zacharias Geizkoflervon Gailenbach, Ritter, etc, — Maria
Geizkoflerin, geborne von Rehelingen, 1605. (Signed)
S. C. (or perhaps C. S.). (L. B. Mus.)

1605. Adam Schwindt, a lawyer.
Adam Schwindt J. U. Licentiat, 1605. (L. B. M.)
1606. John, Provost of St. Cross at Augsburg.
Johannes Propositus Sanctje Crucis August^e. Anno
D"'. M.D.CVI. (L. B. Mus. & N. & Q. 4th S. iv. 518.)

i6o8, James Keim, Abbot of the Monastery of
St. James at Mayence.
Jacobus Keim, Abbas Monasterii S. Jacobi, Mog. 1608.
I.H.S., M.R.A. (Maria Regina Angelorum.) (L.B. Mus.)
1 609. Peter Vok, Ursinus, Count of Rosenberg, a
Bohemian Nobleman.
Ex Bibliotheca Illustrissimi Principis Domini Dfii Petri
Vok, Ursini, Domini Domus k Rosenberg, Ultimi &
Senioris & & Primatibus Bohemorum celsissimi et antiquiss.
Anno Christi M.D.CIX. Verbum Domini manet in
eternum — In silentio et Spe. (Signed) S. C. M''^ (sua?
Cassare^e Majestatis) Sculptor Aeg. Sadeler Fecit, (L. B.
h. s. Mus.) A. F.

r6io. A Gift from M. E. to E. G. L. 0.
E. G, L, O. (above ; then come the arms — Quarterly,
first and fourth, a boar salient on a mountain with three
peaks ; second and third, a fleur-de-lis. Crest — A demi-
boar erect between two wings ; each per fess sa. and ar.,
and charged with a fleur-de-lis). (Below on a band) M. E.
D. D. (dono dedit), 1610. (W.) (The whole in a laurel
wreath. This book-plate probably belongs to the same
family as the first anonymous one, ascribed to Durer, at
P- 135)

212 A Guide to the

1611. William Blumenthal of St. Peter's on the
Haytnarket at Cologne.
Wilhelm Blommendal In S. Peter uff dem Heumart in
Coin, 161 1. (L. B. Mus.)

1613. J. C. Herwart, Privy Councillor to Maxi-
milian, Duke of Bavaria.
Johannes Christophorus Herwart ab Hohenburg D. U.
Screnissicni Ducis Bavarix Maximilian! Consiliarius
Aulicus. A.D. M.D.CXII. (W.)

1614. Michael Bardt {Bighe).
1618. The Electoral Library of the Dukes of
Bavaria at Munich.
Ex Bibliothcca Sereniss""". Utriusque Bavarise Ducum,
161 8. (W.) (In two sizes, 7X Jj in. and 4x3 in.)
1618. An Anonymous Book-plate.
Quid retribuam Domino pro quie tribuit mihi. (Arms
— (untinctured) per chev., in chief two trefoils slipped,
in base a man pass, holding in his dexter hand a sceptre.
Below, on a bracket with carved angels, the date 1618 —
The owner's name has, I think, been cut away from the
centre of the bracket.) (W.)

1618. fohn Vennitzer, Cutler, bom at Nuremberg.
1618. Fides. Charitas — Christus ist mein Leben,
Sterben ist mein gewin. Johannes Vennitzer, Messer-
schmidt. natus Norimbergze, Anno 1565. Die 14 Mail,
h. 5. m. 22 p. m. 1618.

Die Bibliothec von mir g(e)stifft,
Im Lorenzer PfarshofFauffg(e)richt,
Ist nicht zu ruhm dess Nahmens mein,
Sondern zur Ehre Gottes allein ;
Bescherhrt aus trieb dess Heijlign {stc) Geist,
Aus Welchem alles gutes fleust.
(The plate is signed) J. Pfann sculp.

Study of Book-Plates. 2 1 3

1619, Jokn William Kress.

Johannes Guilhelmus Kress d Kressenstain. H. T. scu.

1619. H. H. (W.) (See p. 137 for rest of the inscription.)

1621. Dietrich von Riedenburg ' of that Ilk!

Dietrich von und zue Riedenburg, 1621. (L. B. Mus.)

1622, Candide et Sincere.
Luce Kilian sculp. (H.)

1624. A Book-plate "with various initials.
D. P. S. S. C. M. C— M.D.CXXIV. Constanter. Non
Fata recusant. Utcumque Ferar. Quocumque Ferar —
Deus noster in coelo. Coelo Duce, reduce Fortuna.
(Signed) Tobias Bidenharter, scalp. 1620. (L. B. Mus.)
1630. (,John William Kress.) Anon. W.
1634. Erhard von Muckhenthall.
Erhardus i Muckhenthall in Hscksennackher, 1634.
Post Nubila Phoebus. (Mr. Pearson, W. and L. B. Mus.)
1635- Sebastian Myller, Bishop of Adrantytteum, etc.
Sebastianus Myllerus, Episcopus Adramyttenus Suffra-
ganeus et Canonicus Augustanus. Anno 1635. (Signed)
WoIfFgang Kilian fecit. (W.) (See plate 14, p- 192.)
1636. S'. Peter's Monastery at Saltzburg (Austria).
Conservando Cresco. S. P. Monasterii S. Petri Salis-
burgi, 1636. (L. B. Mus.)

1636. T/ie Library of the Poor Students of the
Gregorian Convent at Munich.
Ex Libris Pauperum Studiosorum Domus Gregorians,
Monachii, 1636. Date et Dabitur. D, G. (in ligature).
Deo Gratias. (L. B. Mus.)

1636. Andrew Lisiecki, Public Prosecutor, etc., of
Kalisz in Poland.
Ex dono Mag. Dni. D. Andre^e Lisiecki Instigatoris
Regni. Surrog. Jud. Castrensis Calissiensis. A. D, 1636.
Mens. Sept. (Siennicki. plate 6, page 21).

1638. Wolff fames Ungelter.
I. H. S.— M. R. A.— 1638.— Wolff Jacob Ungelter von
Deissenhaussen.

^ Guide to the

164a Christopher Hieronymus Kress von Kressenstain.
Christophorus Hieronymus Kress k Kressenstain, A°.
164a Pro Religione et Patria — Christe, Hostia Creden-
tOm, atq. calix sanctorum. (L. B. Mus.)

1643. Baltasar Raupech. (H.)
1643. riie Book-plate ofG. S. K. U. N.
G. S. K. U. N„ 1643. (L. B. Mus.)

1644. An anonymous ex-libris by Raigniauld, i
engraver of Riomi in Auvergne.

Anonymous ; Armorial ; signed Raigniauld, Riomi,
1644. (Mr. Carson.) (See p. 140.)

1645. William Kress and his wife Clara, bom j
Viatis, both of Nuremberg.

Wilhelm Kress von Kressenstein. Clara geborne Via-
tissin, 1645. Vulnera Christi, Credentium Voluptas. (W.) |
1646. Ferdinand von Hagenau.
Insignia Ferdinandi ab et in Hagenau ad S""" Petrum,
&c. (Signed) Honoris et debita: observantise ergi, Joannes
Sadeler, &c., D.D. Anno MDCXLVI. (W.) (8x7 in.)
1646. The Weihen Monastery.
Closter Weihen— Stephen. 1646. (L. B. Mus.)
1650. Andrew Felibien, Chronicler Royal, &c.
Andr^ Fdibien escuier sieur des Avaux seigneur de
lavercy, etc. Historiographs du Roy. 1650. (W. and P.
Malassis, p. 21.)

1654. Anthony Biderman.
Antonius Biderman. 1654. (Signed) S. S. H. (W.)
(3 X 2\ in.)

1654. Baron von Windltag.

1656. Joachim Baron von Windhag.

Joachim L. Baro in Windhaag, Dns in Richenau, Prag-

thal, Saxenegg, et gros Poppen. S. C. M, Consil, et Regens.

A" 1G56. (L. B. Mus. See also under 1661.)

1656. Joannes Schwegerle. (Hodgkin & W.)

Study of Book-plates.

215

1657, Pierre Coloma, Baron de Moriensart. {French.)
Messire Pierre Coloma Baron De Moriensart, &c. 1657.
(Mr. Carson.)

1658. John Philip Mockel, an ecclesiastical lawyer.
Joan. Phi. Mockel Proton. Ap. J. U. L. A". 1658.
(L. B. Mus.)

1659. William Van Hamme, a Dignitary of the
Cathedral at Antwerp.
Ex Bibliotheca Reverendi, Nobilissimi, Consultissimiqoe
Viri, Dni D. GuilieJmi Van Hamme, Patricii, Bruxel. Pbri.
J. U. L. Prothonotarii Apost. Cathedralis Ecci(es)ize
Antverp : Canonici, Scholastici, etc. 1659. (L, B. Mus.)
(Roziere.)

1660. An Anonymous Conventual ex-libris.
Medio Tutissimus Ibis. 1660. {Arms — Sa. two cinque-
foils ar., on a canton or, a symbol unknown gu. (like two
T's united, the lower one being inverted.) Below, in a
medallion, an angel dying, and fruit festoons round the
arms frame.) (British Museum).

1 66 1. Joachim Baron von Windhag.
Joachim L. Baro in Windhag, Dns in Reichenau, Prag-
thal, at Saxenegg, S. C. M. Consil, et Regens. A. i66r.
(L. B. Mus.)

1661, An ex-libris of the Breiner Family.
Ex libris S. S. C. G. B. L. B. S. S. :66i. Deo et
Czesari. {Arms — Quarterly, first and fourth, ar. a pale
counter- com pony, or and sa. ; second and third, or a beaver
erected ppr.) (W.) (The arm.s are the same as those of
Maximilian Lewis Breiner on his fine book-plate (1630).)
1663. Matthew, Abbot of Ursperg in Swabia.
Spera in co: & Ipse faciet Matthasus Abbas Ursper-
gensis, 1663. Elect. 1638. (L. B. Mus.)

1666. Theophilus Krannost.
Theophilus Krannost. 1666. Est animas Christus
spesque, salusque, mes. (L. B. Mus.)

2l6,

A Guide to the

1667. The Thierhaupten Convent.
Closter Thierhaupten. 1667. Corbinianus Abbas. (L.
B. Mus.) (Ponson, 2 shields, r demi-hind, 2 bear statant.)
A. F. & W.

1668. Francis, Provost of St. Cross at Augsburg.
Franciscus D. G. Praspositus Sanctse Crucis Augusta;.
A" 1668. In manibus Domini sortes mese. ps. 30. v. 16.
(W.)

1669. Andri Felibien, &c. W.
1672. C/iar/es Maurice Le Tellier, Archbishop of Rheims.
Arms^Az, three lizards erect in fess ar, on a chief gu.,
three stars or; (signed) LBlocquet, 1672. The plate bears
no other inscription. (Guigard, vol. ii., p. 59. Poulet-
Malassis, p. 23.)

1672. Book-plate of one C. R,
C. R. 1672. fe Grassanter. (L. B. Mus.) (W.)

1672. A Legacy of Sebastian Denichto, Bishop of
Almeria in Grenada.
Ex Hzereditate Rev™ Dfii D. Sebastian! Denichii, Epi-
scopi Almirensis, etc. MDCLXXII. (W.)

1673. Leonor Le Francois, a French gentleman.
Leonor Le Francois esc"' S' de Rigawllle. 1673. Meliora
sequenti. (Poulet-Malassis, p. 23.)

1676. Thi ex-libris ofL. IV. M. B.
L. W. M.— M.D.CLXXVI.— B. (L. B. Mus.)
1678. Christopher, Provost of the Holy Cross, Augsburg.
Christophorus, D. G. Prsepositus Sanctje Crucis Augusts.
A" 1678. Dominus Protector Meus. (W.) (See another
book-plate of the same series under the year 1668.)
1679. An anonymous German heraldic ex-libris.
Arms — Ar, three lions passant purp. (?), on a chief gu.
a mound az. (?) ; and above the date — 1679. (W.)

Study of Book-Plates.

217

1681. John Laurence Loelius, Doctor of Medicine.
Johannes Laurentms Loelius Philosophias et Medecinze
" Doct. 16S1. (W.)

1682. John Junkersdorff.
Johan Junkersdorff. 1682. (L. B. Mus.)

1682, y, T. Hauser de Gletchenstorff, Canon of the
Cathedral at Constance, &c.
Jo. Theodoric, Hauser de Gleichenstorff Cath. Eccles.
Constant et August Canonic. 1682. (Mr. Franks and
W.)

1685. Roland, by Colin.

1688. Charles Andrew von Schkchten, a Bavarian
government official.

Caroli Andrea; A Schlechten Serenis"'" Electori Bavariae
d Consiliis Camerse Officii sdilitii & utriusque Hospitalis
ad S. Elisabed : & S.Joseph: Commisarii. In solo spes
tuta Deo. 1688. (W.)

1689. A gift or legacy by M. Melchior Thumb,
Priest of Frankenhausen in Saxony.

Fidus amicus erit, qui plus me, quam mea qua;rit.

Hunc fidum dico, prece qui succurrit amico.
{Anns, &c.) Sit quisque gratus, & ob hoc munus
pnesentis benefactoris, atque post funera absentis memor
boni amici, qui ad conservandum longievas amicitia; & rei
memoriam hunc librum vobis reliquit, vel donavit, aut
legavit M. Melchior Thumb, Decanus & Farochus Fran-
tenhusii. Anno Domini 1689. (W.)
i6go. Anthony von Sohleren, an imperial official at Treves.
Anton Edler Herr von Sohleren Kayserlicher Majestat
Reichs Hoff Rath ChurfurstlicherTrierischer Geheimbder
{sic) Rath U. Canzler und Hoff Richter. 1690. <L. B.
Mus. and A.F. and W.)

2l8

A Guide to Book-Plaies.

1690. John Laurence Loelius, Doctor of Medicine.
Johannes Laurentius Loelius Phiios.et MedecJnse Doctor.
1690. (W.) (See under 168 1.)

1692. Legacy of Giles Menage, the Scholar, to the

Paris Jesuits.

Ex libris quos Domui Professae Parisiensi Soc. Jesu

testamento reliquit vir Clarissim ; D. ^gidius Menagius

Patritius Andegavensis vir Inter Literates Eruditissimus.

Anno 1692. (W.)

169Z. Legacy of Peter Daniel Httet, Bishop of

Avranches, to the Paris Jesuits.

Ex libris Bibliotliecze quam illustrissimus Ecclesise Prin-

ceps D. Petrus Daniel Huetius Episcopus Abnncensis

Domui ProfessK Paris P. P. Soc. Jesu intcgram vivens

donavit, anno 1692. (Large size 9^x6 in., W. Second

size, Mr. Pearson.) (See plate 15 at p. 207.)

1695. John Francis, Prince-Bishop of Freysingin Bavaria.

Jo. Franci. D. G. Epiis Frisi. S. R. L Princeps. 1696.

(W.)

1697. /. p. Storr.
Ad Libros J. P. Storri. 1697.

— et trunca et saucia cresco.
Jugitcr ut stirps haec et trunca et saucia crescit.
Sub cruce sic crescit jugiter alma Fides.
(L. B. Mus.)

1697. John Charles Sey ringer, an Austrian lawyer.

Haurit aquam cribris qui vult sine discere libris. 1697.

Ex libris Joan. Caroli Seyringer J, U. D. et Judi-
ciorum Advocati in Austria Superiori. (Signed) Ja, de \
Lespier fe. (W.)

'w^^'^''^

CONCLUSION.

With the series of foreign dated ex-libris we bring this
essay to a conclusion. Most of the leading points con-
nected with book-plates and their history have been
touched upon. An attempt, however imperfect, has been
made to show that the subject is full of interest and well
worthy of fuller investigation.

Much of secondary importance still remains to be said.
Indeed, since the first draft of this essay, materials have
so increased upon the writer's hands, that he has been
compelled to omit at least half a dozen already written
chapters from his printed volume,^ And only by these
sacrifices has he been able to keep this treatise within
reasonable limits.

In the foregoing pages these aspects of book-plates have
been selected as of primary significance and importance —
The artistic styles of ex-libris. The dates which they bear.
The artists by whom they are engraved. As regards the
earliest undated book-plates both in England and Germany,
' Some of these chapters are indicated at pp. S and 55,

222 A Guide to the

the writer felt convinced, that the data necessary for their
thorough investigation in either country were as yet but im-
perfectly known. The cases are quite exceptional in which
internal evidence enables a book-plate to be dated with
certitude. The mass of undated examples must hereafter
be assigned to their appropriate periods, either by careful
study of their style, or by an equally assiduous comparison
with their dated analogues. In England, therefore, till
these styles had been classilied and these dated examples
catalogued, it seemed premature to rush into giving an ac-
count of our earliest or rather of our apparently earliest
book-plates. At some future day this will no doubt be
done, and done exhaustively. But it is a task that is not
to be attempted lightly, and which will require some rather
exceptional qualifications in the investigator.

As regards the oldest German woodcut ex-libris, their
ultimate successful arrangement clearly awaits a German
hand. An English student could hardly embark upon an
enterprise so perilous with any reasonable prospect of
success. It is also much to be wished that some French
ex-librist would endeavour to classify the various artistic
styles of their national series.

The Rococo book-plate is fairly analogous to our Chip-
pendale, with which it also tolerably synchronises. The
old and purely heraldic style fades out in each country
about the same time. But the greater variety of
subject and treatment in France will be at once con-
spicuous.

In conclusion, the writer ventures to crave the indulgence
of his readers for the numerous shortcomings of the present
attempt. He is well aware that in a few years, much that
he has now written will be superseded by ampler informa-
tion and materials morecomplete. The lists in the present
volume of engravers and dated examples will be hereafter

Study of Book-Plates. 223

trebled and more than trebled. The novelties of this work
will soon become the commonplaces of the science of book-
plates. Still, a beginning will have been made. And
should this essay stimulate elsewhere the publication of a
treatise at once abler and more exhaustive, the present
writer will not have laboured wholly in vain.

FINIS,

■

i INDEX TO THE DATED ENGLISH ^

BOOK-PLATES. {1669-17 13.)

Anon,, dated 1700

Fortescue (John) .

Bedford (Wriothesley, Duke

Fox (Charles)

of) . . . -

Fox (Sir Stephen), Knt.

Bennet (John)

Frewen (Thomas)

Bengough (James)

Fust (Sir Francis), Bart.

Bertie (Hon. James) .

Grace (Michael) .

Bertie (Hon. Robert) .

Gray (Sir James), Bart.

Brodrick(St. John)

Guildford (Francis, Lord)

Bromiey (William) of Bag

Gwyn (Francis) . .

inton

Haldane (Hon. John) .

Bruce (Charles, Viscount)

Halifax (Charles, Lord)

Buckby (Richard)

Hanmer (Sir Thomas), Bart

Buckingham (Owen)

Raring ton (Gostlet)

Reading

Marshfield .

Bury (Sir Thomas), Knt.

Head (Sir Francis), Bart.

Butler (Richard) .

Hervey (John, Lord) .

Byerley (Robert) of Goul

Hewer (William) .

desborough .

Hill (Francis)

Cavendish Family

Holbech (Ambrose) .

Campbell (Hon. Archibald)

Jones (Richard) .

Clayton (Sir Robert), Knt.

Kent (Anthony, Earl of)

Coke (Cary) .

Kent (Henry, DukeoO

Cooke (John)

Kent (Jemima, Duchess of

Corpus College, Cambridge

1710 .

Crewe (Nathaniel), Bishof

Kent (Jemima, Duchess of

of Durham .

1712

Dawes (Sir William), Bart.

Ketelby (Abel) .

Derby (James, Earl of)

KnatchbuU (Thomas) .

Denbigh (Basil, Earl of)

Leicester (Philip, Earl of)

Dudley (Sir William), Bart.

Lincoln College, Oxford

Edwards (Jonathan)

Littleton (Sir Thos.), Bart.

Eaglefield (Sir Chas.), Bart.

Lovelace (John, Lord) .

Essex (Algernon, Earl of)

Lynch (Philip)

Eyre (Robert)

Mason (Dame Anna) . I

9-72

Foley (Richard) .

■

Montagu (George)

226 Index to Dated English Book-Plates.

PAGE

New College, Oxford . . 78
Newdigate (Sir Richard),

Bart 88

Nicholas (Edward) of Gilling-

ham . .82

Nicholson (Gilbert) of Bal-

rath . . .65

North (Hon. Charles) . . 86
North (William, Lord) . . 81
Northampton (George, Earl

of) 79

Northey (Sir Edward), Knt.,

Attorney General . .81
Page (Francis) .84

Parker (Thomas) ... 85
Pembroke Hall, Cambridge . 71
Penn (William) ... 81
Percivale (Sir John), Bart. . 75
Poley (Henry) of Badley . 80
Queensberry (Duke of) 82

Raby (Thomas, Lord) . . 69
Richmond (Thomas) alias

Webb . .84

Rogers (William) of Dowdes-

well . . . .72

Rothes (John, Earl of) ,
Rowney (Thos.) of Oxford
Roxburghe (John, Earl of)
Scroope (Simon) of Danby
Selby (James)
Shelburne (Henry, Lord)
Skipwith (Sir Fulwar), Bart.
Somerset (Lord Charles)
Southesque (James, Earl of)
Strafford (Thomas, Earl of)
Sydenham (Sir Philip), Bart
Tempest (Sir George) .
Thomond (Henry, Earl of)
Thompson (William) of

Humbleton .
Towneley (Richard) of

Towneley
Trevor (Sir Thomas), Knt.
Trinity Hall, Cambridge
Turnour (Sir Edward) .
Ward (John) of Capesthome
Weymouth (Thomas, Vis-
count) ....
Winchelsea (Charles, Earl
of)

PAGB

94
82

87
84

83
91

93
69

n
83

n
76

86
85

85
85

^B^B

r— 1

INDEX TO THE DATED FOREIGN fl

BOOK-PLATES. (1516-1699.) ■

Adramytteum (S. Myller,

'"==

Geizkofler (Maria) . , 211

Bishop oO .

213

Geizkofler (Zacharias) . 210

Albosius (Charles), of

H.(W.) . . . .203

Autun ....

206

Hagenau (Ferdinand von) 214

Almeria (Bishop of) .

316

Hamme (William van) . 215

Anonymous book-plate with

Hauser (Jo. Theodoric) 217

date 1679

216

Henry, Bishop of Augsburg 210

Anonymous, date 1618

212

Henfenfeld (Pfinzing von) . 206

Augsburg (Heni7, Bishop

Herwart (Johan. Christ.) . 212

of) ....

210

Huet (Peter Daniel), Bp. of

Avranches (Bishop of)

218

Avranches . ,218

Bavaria (Dukes of). Their

Hunger (Albert) . , 2io

Library

212

Imhoff(Andreas) , 204

Beham (Andrew) the Elder

210

Jodocus (Arms of) , , 202

Biderman (Anthony) .

214

Junkersdorff (John) . . 217

Blommendal (Wilhelm) .

2iZ

Keim (James), Abbot of St.

B. (L. W. M.) . . .

216

James's, Mayence . 211

Brendel (Daniel), Archbishop

Ket£ (Andrew Rem i), his

of Mayence .

204

Legacy to St. Cross 209

C. (D. P. S. S. C. M.)

213

Knoringen (John Giles) 205

Coloma (Pierre), Baron de

Krannost (Theophilus) . 315

Moriensart .

2IS

Kress (Christopher Hierony-

Denichio (Sebastian, Bp. of

mus) . . . .214

Almeria)

216

Kress (Clara) . .214

D. (S. M. P. V. I.)

204

Kress (John William) . . 213

E. (M.) (a gift from), 1610 .

211

Kress (William) . . .214

Ebner(Hieronymus) .

30Z

Le Francois (Leonor) . 216

Electoral Library at Mu-

LeTellier (Charles Maurice,

nich ....

212

Abp. of Rheims) . . 216

Emersdorf (Wol5us C. von)

206

Library (The Electoral) at

Faber (John), Bishop of

Munich . .212

Vienna

203

Librarj' of the Poor Students

Felibien (Andrew) .

214

at Munich . .213

Firlei (Nicholas)

206

Lisiecki (Andrew) . 213

^^_ Freysing (John Francis,

Loelius (John Laurence) 217, 218

^K Prince-Bishop of)

218

Lunder (Thomas) . . 209

^H Fulda (Balthazar, Abbot of)

206

Mayence (Archbishop of) . 204

iw ^^^^^^B

"^^^B

228 Inekx to Dated Foreign Book- Plates. V

Medio Tutissimus Ibis

215

Saint Cross (Legacy of A. ^|

Mecklenburgh (Ulrich,

Rem k Ketz to) . . 209 ^|

Grand Duke of) .

2o6

Si. Nicholas (The College H

^^^ Menage (Giles) .

118

oO, at Vienna . 203 ^|

^H Mmner(Sebalt) .

ao6

St. Peter's Monastery at ^|

^H Mockel [John Philip) .

Z15

Saltiburg . 213 ^^k

^^H Moriensan (Baron de)

2(5

Scheurl (Christopher) . 203, 204 ^|

^^H Muckhenthall (Erhard ^) .

213

Schlechten (Charles Andrew H

^^H Myller (Sebastianus, Bp. of

von) .217 H

^^^1 Adramytteum)

ZT3

Schonthal (Convent) . . 302 H

^H N. (G. S. K. U.) ■

Z14

Schwindt (Adam) . 211 H

^^H Oberkaoiph von Dubrun .

209

Seyringer (John Charles) . 218 H

^^1 Pfeil (Francis)

205

Sohleren (Anthony von) 217 ^|

^H Philadelphia (Bishop of) .

203

Storr(J. P.) .218 H

^H Planus (Philip. A.)

20s

Syringus (Justus) . 203 ^|

^B Pomer (Hector), Provost of

Tegemsee (Monastery) . 206 ^H

S. Laurence

203

Thierhaupten Convent . 216 ^H

Poor Students (Library of

Thumb (Meichior) . 217 ^|

the) ....

213

Ungelter(Wollf Jacob) . 213 H

Prueschench, Pontanus (John

Ursinus (Peter Vok), Count H

Christopher)

209

of Rosenberg .211 ^H

Piibelmaier (Michael)

205

Ursperg (Matthew, Abbot ^|

Quid retribuam Domino .

212

oO ^1

R.(C.) ....

216

Vechelde (George von) . 209 H

Raigniauld of Riomi, En-

Vennitzer (John), Cutler 212 ^|

graver ....

214

Viatis (Clara), see Clara H

Rheiras (Archbishop of)

216

Kress .214 ^H

Riedenburg (Dietrich von) .

213

Voit (Erhart), Abbot . . 209 H

Rosenberg (Count of] .

Weihen Monastery . .214 ^|

S. (S. S. C. G. B. L. B, S.) .

215

Weissenau (Abbey of) . 205 H

Saint Cross (Christopher,

Werdenstein (John George ^H

Provost oO .

216

von) .... 209 ^H

Saint Cross (George, Pro-

Wemher (Philip James) . 206 ^|

vost of) . . .

205

Windhag (Joachim, Baron ^H

^_ Saint Cross (Francis, Pro-

von) . 214,215 ^1

^^L

216

Wolckenstain (Christopher), ^|

^^^^ Saint Cross (John, Provost

Baron of . . . 2to ^H

A GUIDE TO THE STUDY OF
BOOK-PLATES

JOHN BYRNE LEICESTER WARREN
(Lord de Tablky),

PRESS NOTICES ON THE FIRST EDITION.

'Book-plate collectors will learn with pleasure that the pioneer English
book on the subject, "A Guide to the Study of Book-plates," by the Hon.
Leicester Warren (Lord de Tabley), will shortly be re-issued.' — Ex Libris
Journal, Dec. 1899.

■ A pleasant book on a dry subject is a. boon to readers. Yet how seldom
are they fevoured with it, and how often is a pleasant subject spoilt by dry
treatment 1 It might have been supposed, in the absence of experience to the
contraiy, that the armorial bearings pasted into books by the owners would
afford but a barren field for literary cultivation. Mr. Warren has contrived
to satisfy several kinds of requirements in the book before us, having com-
bined the dry with the entertaining in very just proportions. His work is
really what it professes to be — A Guide. But it is something more, for it is
amusing reading. . . . We turn to Mr. Warren for instruction and "a guide
to the s,t.\tAy."'—Salurday Rniiew, Oct. 23, 1880.

' It remained to introduce the study to popular notice in England — a task
which the Hon. Leicester Warren has executed with ability and ample
knowledge.' — Bookseller, Oct. 6, 1880.

'There is no doubt whatever that Mr. Warren's excellent book will
stimulate the study of this branch of bibliography. ... If they (collectors)
should turn their attention towards book-plates, they cannot do better than
consult this admirable "Guide."' — Sunday Times.

' We do most seriously and strenuously advise every genuine lover of books
to put this charming volume on his bookshelves. ... It is a solid, trust-
worthy, and conscientious book, and worthy of all commendation.' — 7%£
Spectator, Oct. 13, 1880.

' Bibliophiles of a "judicious palate" will find this book quite to their taste.'
—St. James's Gazette, Oct, 14, 1S80.

'Mr. Warren's charming "Guide" is full of varied interest- '— CrTO^iiV,
Oct. 16, 1880.

' Mr. Warren has prepared the present treatise, which will doubtless take
rank as the standard handbook on the subject. . . . Enough has been said
to show the value of the treatise ; it remains only to say that the beauty of its
production is fully worthy of its contents.'— jMiwwV ^'^h Sept. aS, 18S0.

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