A List of Micmac Names of Places, Rivers, Etc., in Nova Scotia: Compiles by ...

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LIST OF MiCMAC NAMES

OF

PLACES, RIVERS, ETC., IN NOVA SCOTIA

Compiled by

ELIZABETH FRAME.

!

w n^ am 11— ^M^. ■» I «».

$

LIST OF MICMAC NAMES

OP

PLACES, RIVERS, ETC, IN NOVA SCOTIA.

Compiled by

ELIZABETH FRAME.

3

CAMBRIDGE:
JOHN WILSON AND SON.

1892.

M^/,^£

^T^^Dcor^

Q

<^

OCT 17 1892

^brakS

h\.

O^U'Wt.'V^

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*

>

NOTE.

The following list of Micmac names of places, rivers, etc.,
in Nova Scotia and neighborhood was compiled, at my
request, by Miss Elizabeth Frame, of Shubenacadie, for the
library of the Massachusetts Historical Society, and was
duly presented at the meeting on June 9, 1892. She was
aided in her labors by a Micmac Indian, as well as by the
published works of Mr. Gesner and Dr. Rand. It is now
printed at the expense of a gentleman of Cambridge, who
is interested in Indian philology.

S. A. G.

Boston, August 20, 1892.

The Micmac left no sculptured gods,

No temples made of stone;
In misty caves, in storm-tossed clouds,

Manitou dwelt alone.

But names remain on hill and plain

Of this once powerful race.
And in those liquid Micmac words

Their presence yet we trace

Where Aspatogon lifts her brow.

Unblushing, to the sea;
Where crashing ice-cakes dash and break

On lonely Scatarie ;

Where turbid waters seethe and foam
Eound Glooscap, Chebooktook;

On Tusket's Isles where sea-gulls rest,
And heron on Panuke;

The rushing tides in Pesiquid,

And Shubenacadie ;
The level meads of Tantramar;

The falls of Konomee.

No Micmac now on Cobequid

Hunts moose or caribou;
And alien races change the names

Which first were named by you.

E. F.

SOUND OF LETTERS IN MICMAC.

The consonants are sounded as in English : g is always hard,
as in go, egg, and o exactly like k ; ch as in church ; h follow-
ing a vowel in the same syllable (as in ahk) is a soft guttural,
like the German ch in Ich, There is no / in Micmac ; when at-
tempting to pronounce French or English words which contain
this letter, the Indians give it the sound of h or ^.

The vowels are sounded thus : a, as in father ; a, as in fate;

5, as in fcvt; ft, as the second a in ahaft; e, as in mey S as in
met; ei, as i in jpine; I, as i in jpin; o, as in no; 5 as in not; u, as
in tvhe, use; % as in tub; oo, as in fool, move; 66 as in good,
wood; ow, as in now. When any vowel is doubled, as aa, aa, ee,

6, the usual sound is prolonged, and takes the accent, but the
place for the accent is the penult. 'M or *N at the beginning of
a word with the accent marked, is sounded without a vowel.

The following are examples of the peculiarity termed " holo-
phrastic,'' where a single word stands for a sentence: —

Boon, the sitting place, the cross-piece on which the pad-
dler sits.

BodsenSch, let us take a trip by water, let us go in a canoe.

Epkw68e, I have a shelter from the rain over my head.

Kamfttk, bushes yonder, beyond a cleared place.

NSspe, to be stopping in the wigwam to take care of it,
while the others are away.

New6p8kitk, the bed of the river is dry, and the rocks are
bare.

'W6pk, the morning light, — "the opening of the eye of the
morning.''

LIST OF MICMAC NAMES

OP

PLACES, RIVERS, ETC.

Ababe, a boundary.

AbaktooS, the great auk.

Abe, a bow for an arrow.

Agamok, white ash.

Agoom&ktin, Apple River, Cum-
berland County.

Agoom&klinfik, Sand River, Cum-
berland County.

Ah-mah-gops-ke-geek, tumbling
over rocks ; Tangier River.

Aje5k'chemiii, a blackberry.

Akk&da, abundance of things ;
plenty of ground-nuts ; hence
Acadie (French).

Akiim, a snow-shoe, raquette.

AmlamSkw'p a mackerel.

AneB€uik, Salmon River.

Ansaakw, New Harbor.

Apcheechkiimooohwaakade,
Duck land. Hence the French
name Canard River.

ApsiboogwSchk', Port le Bear.

Aseedlk, Lunenburg.

Asooemandkse, a creeping black-
berry vine.

Aspatogon, a headland on the
Atlantic.

BAktabS', a bay.

Banook, the first lake as you ascend
a river.

Baiioo5pskek, opening out through

rocks, as Penobscot.
BanooflkSk, entrance into Bras d'Or

Lake.
BanoskSk, a water passage between

two lakes.
Ba'pkoktS'k, Argyle.
Bftpkook, the birch bsLrk will ea-
sily peel.
B&slooSakSde, St. Peter's Island,

near Prince Edward Island.
Bookt, the head of a bay.
Bookt&wi'chk, rum, from
BooktSoo, fire; hence fire-water;

alcohol.
Booktoul&ygnn, fireworks ; Toney

River.
BooktowSSgibii Mill Creek on the

River Hebert in Cumberland Co.
Boon&mook'w5de, Salmon River,

Yarmouth.
B58toon, America.
B58toonk&waach, an American.
BdstoonkSwoo'lkw, an American

vessel.
Brooksake, Charlottetown Harbor,

Prince Edward Island.

Cajj-booginek, winding through

the wilderness; River John.
CfilttgSt, Carraget Harbor.

8

LIST OF MICMAC NAMES OP PLACES, RIVERS, ETC

Cansoke, facing the frowning cliff ;

Canso.
Caskumpec, flowing through the

sand ; Cascumpec, P. E. Island.
Caydybunnygek, clam diggings;

Boot Island, Horton.
Chebookt, Halifax, from tJkche-

bookt, the largest harbor or bay.
Cheema, to paddle a canoe.
Chegaoo, bass, a fish.
Chegilmakiin, a rattle, an Indian

tambourine.
Chijikwtook', Cornwallis River.
ChikchowwegiinSchwa'-'w580-

wSk'i a rose.
ChikchowwegHnSjul, roseberries ;

also the name of an orange.
ChipchowwSoh', a robin.
Cwesomallygeek, Hardwood

Kidge, Cumberland.

EbSdSk, Bedeque, P. E. Island.
Elmiin&kiincheech, Little Sevogal

River.
JQlsStkook^ Bear River in Nova

Scotia.
Emsiik, Port Jolli.
Eppayguit, anchored on the wave ;

Prince Edward Island.
Eskiima&ga, to eat raw flesh ; hence

the name of the eskimo Indians,

eaters of raw flesh.
Eskiimiinaak', Mount Skumundk.
Eskilmiinaak, Point SkimenUck, in

New Brunswick.
E8kw5dSk^ Murray Harbor, P.E. I.
IispakiimegSk, high land. Green

Hill, Pictou County.

Gaspdch, Gasp^; far into the war

ter.
G-looBcap, a manitou who dwelt in

the Bay of Fundy, at Blomidon.
Gk>olwag5p8koooh, Port George.
Giil-wahgahgek, the home of the

sea-cow ; Quaco, New Brunswick.

Inskooom&deedich, Lakeland, N.S.

KftbSm, the border of a lake.

K&gwSamkSk, Port Hood.

Kakag^vSk, a place of dried meat ;
now Hantsport, in Hants Co.

Kakw51eegigiiii, a snow-bank.

Kaleboo, caribou.

Kaleboode, a shovel. Hence KalS-
boo, caribou, the shoveller, be-
cause they shovel up the snow
with their broad feet in digging
down for the moss on which they
feed.

Katkooch' and Katkoolch', Brook-
lyn, Queens Co., Nova Scotia.

Keaskiinoo'gwSjit, a mighty chop-
per, a fabulous being who cuts
down trees; you hear the chop-
ping, the workman is invisible,
but the tree falls.

KSbamke&k', Bathurst, on the Bay
of Chaleur.

KSbSpskitk, the stream that con-
nects two lakes.

The six lakes on the Liverpool
River, as you go up stream :

1. Panook.

2. KSdooskgk'.

3. Pushiigook'.

4. KSjimkoojik.

5. Imiitkaak.

6. Toobeadoogook.

Lakes on Salmon River, east
of Halifax :

1. UBOOgomtLsoog^vSd&mk'.

2. MUp&achk.

3. Utkoskwaachk.

4. Kloocheowpaach.

5. NSmchenokpaachk.

6. Noogoomkiibaak.

7. MtSbSs-waak&de (where

mud-catfish abound).
On Port Medway River are :

1. Banook.

2. M&Uge^'.

UST OF MICMAC NAMES OF PLAGES, RIVERS, ETC.

Kebbek, narrows ; Quebec.^

KegttmooBk, Little River, a branch
of the Bestigouche.

Kekwajoo, a badger.

Kenomee, Sandy Point, now Econ-
omy, in Colchester County.

Kes&pBktU, Apesookaam Lake.

Kesegoo, an aged man.

KesegooaAkw, an aged porpoise or
seal.

Kesegoo'e, an aged bird.

KeoegooeeBk^ an aged woman.

Kesegook, an aged porcupine.

Kesegoo'msk, an aged beaver.

KeBegoo'sttm, an aged dog.

Kesegoo'tkw, an aged cow, moose,
horse.

Keskftak, the wood is broad.

KSskoospaftk, Little River.

KSskiitkwSk', the river is broad.

KesokiidSk', the neighborhood of
Archibald's Mills at Truro.

KesooskowdstoogwSk', Middle
River, Pictou.

Eesoo8kw58toogwSk, Little Riv-
er, a branch of Sheet Harbor
River.

KespabSgea'chki Big Eespebae-
dak'.

Keespoogwitk, Land's End, Yar-
mouth.

KIkcheboogwSk, Cavendish,
Prince Edward Island.

Kitpoo, an eagle.

Kitpooaak&de, Cape Shubenacadie.

Kitpoo-aykaddy, a place of eagles,
near the river Shmbenacadie, now
known as the Eagles' Nest.

KloopskeiSkSde, Bird Island.

Kobet, a beaver.

KobetSk', Aylesf ord Bog.

Koo'koogwes', an owl.

KookiimijeiiagwanAk', Cape Dol-
phi!n.

Koolpesoo'n, an anchor.

Koolpijooik, Petpiswick Harbor.

KoospSm, a lake.

Kow-week, porcupine quills.

Kt&doo85k, Saguenay River.

KiilokwSjook, Mary Joseph, below
Halifax.

KtUiimooSjeinan5k8e, bilberry.

KwebSk, the head of the tide, now
Bedford.

Kwemoodeeoh, Pope's Harbor.

K^^rSsom&legfik', a hard-wood
Point, now Fort Lawrence.

KwSsow-wSSk, a cape of land.

Logtiinkeegtin, Shelbume.
Liintook', deer.

LtLskiich, Manadoo in Cape Breton.
Lustegooch, Restigouche River.

M33k&n, Maccan River in Cumber-
land County.

Mabou, a river in Cape Breton.

MadawaSk, a point where two riv-
ers come together.

^ This is beyond question the origin of the name of the city of Quebec. The
French pronounce Quebec not kwe-b€k, as the English do, but kSb-bSk, the exact
pronanciation of the Indian word. The " Narrows/' above Halifax Harbor, and
a narrow place in the Liverpool River jost below Milton, ore thus named by the
Indians. The syllable kSb or kfip, which is the same exactly in meaning, means
to stop or impede, to choke up, etc. Many words begin with this syllable; as,
kSbejoktim, to stop a hole; kSbeJokteskum, to shat a door; kfibadag^v&^,
to be hoarse, to have the voice impeded ; kSbaadoo, to stanch blood ; kebftp-
skitk, the stream is obstructed by rocks ; kfib^Unkoogi^Sk, the month of the
river is obstructed by sand thrown in by the waves ; kSbe-skoonei, my nose is
stopped ; etc.

10

LIST OP MICMAC NAMES OP PLACES, RIVERS, ETC.

M&gSpskegSchk', tumbling over
large rocks; Gaspereaux River,
in Horton, King's County.

M9je5ktSlIgttn Liitkaamtin, an
arrow.

M&kpaftk, Malpeque, in P. E. I.

M&kpSLSohk, first and second lakes
on Moses River.

M&lipkftncli^ a hazel-nut.

Maakwe, general name for bark.

Mayoobegilk, end of the flowing
(meaning the bound of the rush-
ing water, the tide or bore);
Cobequid, Truro, now Salmon
River.

Megftmaage, Nova Scotia ; land of
the Micmacs.

MSgwi'jijik, the Red Indians of
Newfoundland.

MSgwaa-i', Belfast in P. E. Island.

MSmk&ak-kwSsawa', Pandora
Point.

MfinagwSs', St. John, N. B.

MenXchk, a berry.

Menoody, a bay; Minudie, Cum-
berland County.

M60W0I1', a puss, a cat.

MSs-adSk, Long Island, Horton,
Nova Scotia.

MSseeb&kiUitLk', Sambro Cape.

MSspaak, Cape Mispek.

Migoonaasit, the out^preader; a
peacock.

Mijeogtin, St. Lawrence River.

Milaaiik, Bridgeport.

BdU&pskegSclik, third lake on Mo-
ses River.

BdUchSgaach, Meander River in
Newport, Hants County.

Mimkw5ktin, an acorn.

Miinkw5ninoose, the oak.

Misegiimisk', Scraggy Lake.

Mistoogook, Mistouche River.

Moin&wa, bear's meat.

Moo-aiimook, he is from home.

Mooin, a bear.

Mooinei', a bear-skin.
MooaegiBk', the atmosphere.
Mootpoon, an animal's bed.
Mpogtin, a bed.
Misookweel, the bark for building

a canoe.
'Mtab&n', mud bridge; Wolfville,

Nova Scotia.
Mtiie, a beaver-€ikin.
Mtoodook, Little River, Mira,

Cape Breton.
M&nagSstinook', the Magdalen

Islands.
Mtin&'pskw, a ledge of rocks.
Mtindoo, Satan. This is the Algon-

kin name for the Great Spirit,

but applied to the devil by the

first Christian missionaries.
Mfindoo&pskWp Devil's Rock, now

Jeddore Rock.
MtinSskoochk', Muddy Creek,

Prince Edward Island.
Miinkw5n', the rainbow.
Muaquodoboit, sparkling water, a

river in Halifax County.

NSbiidagwSn'igttn, a basket han-
dle.

Naookteboogooik, big pond.

Napan, Napan in Cumberland Co.

Napiiskwa', to string beads.

Nebe, a leaf.

NSbSltook', Bartibog, name of a
place.

NegwSk, Negwak Island.

Neleg&kiinSk, Newport River.

Neliksaak, Arichat.

NSmoheboogwfik', Middle River,
Cape Breton.

NSmtakay&k', Nemtage River.

Nepigiguit, on Chaleur Bay.

Nese&mk', Sable River, Nova
Scotia.

Nictahk, forks ; Nictau.

Noel, where the ice-cakes float
loosely.

UST OP MICMAC NAMES OP PLACES, RIVERS, ETC.

11

NoogoomkeAk', Moses River.
Noos-abon, the river Noosaboon.
'Ntooa'sr^&ktin, Lot 49» Prince

Edward Island.
'Ntiibloo, an army.

Ogomkige5k', Liverpool River,

Nova Scotia.
Ooohaadooch, Margaree River's

mouth, Cape Breton.
Ooohogiim, a point covered with

oak.
Oolftstook, St. John River, New

Brunswick.
Oonban, a moose's bed.
Oonegfin, portage.
Ooiiik8kw5inkook, Point Miskwe.
OwoolftkiimooSjit, Famine, figu-
ratively represented as an evil

being.
Oww5ktlii, Portage River, Mira-

machi. New Brunswick.

Paakwaakp stop here, you cannot
go any further ; Pockwock Lake.

FSJedoobaachk, Oyster Pond.

P&lamoo&' Seboo, Salmon River,
Truro.

PaapSge'&k, Paapebeek, Prospect.

Pede&dfik, ignis fatuus.

Pege, a side of meat, including all
the ribs.

PSm&mke&k', Sand Island, Mira-
machi.

Pentagouet, a river in New Bruns-
wick.

PesByquid, flowing squarely into
the sea ; Avon River in Windsor,
Hants County.

PStkootk^eftk', Peticodiac River.

Petoobok, Bras d'Or Lake in Cape
Breton.

Pijenooiak&k, La Have River.

Piktook, Pictou.

Piktoo'jiik, Martin's River, Col-
chester, Nova Scotia.

PogfimkSk', Pomket Harbor.

P5nh55k, the first lake in a chain.

PoogiinikpSohk, Pictou Harbor.

PookudapBkw5de, Cape Porcu-
pine, on the Strait of Canso.

PootSleSwa', a basket.

Pngoodpskook, Owl's Head in
Hants County.

Piil&moo, salmon.

PtUoweoha Miiwego, Partridge
Island.

PtUow-weoh, a partridge.

Saa-gaa-bun, the Micmac potato.

Saa-gaa-bun-akady, the place
where the Micmac potato grows
(Shubenacadie).

Sakpulkwe&k, there is wet snow
and ice there.

Sasageem, a bare foot.

Sflsoo Goole, Jesus Christ.

Sebiskad&kiUicheeoh, Miscou
Gully, Cape Breton.

Seboo, a river.

SSbtUiIsk', Lockport, Nova Scotia.

SSgttbiinakSde, Shubenacadie.

Sesetkook, Chezetcook.

Seslp or Sesipcheech', a bird.

Ses-mogiin, sugar.

Sigtlnikt', Chignecto.

Simkook, Petite River in Lunen-
burg.

Skiidakiimoochooow^te, Milky
Way ; the spirits' road.

Stewiacke, where the fresh water
joins the salt ; a river in Colches-
ter County.

SumskwSs', Pumpkin Island.

Sfinow', sugar maple.

Tabooetoo^tiin, Rustico, P. E. I.

T&oo5p8kik, the river runs out be-
tween rocks. Hence the name of
the Annapolis River, Taooopskik.

Tawitk, Petite Passage, N. S.

Team, a moose.

12

LIST OP MICMAO NAMES OP PLACES, RIVERS, ETC.

T8flogw5de, Pirate's Cove, on Can-
so Strait.

Tooettliiook', Avon River, Hants
County.

Tiiliig&dik, Grand Lake, Halifax
County.

UkoheBeeboo, a large river.

Ukt&ktimkook', Newfoundland.

Ukwt&ktiii, starvation ; in the In-
dian legends represented as a
quasi demigod, whose howling
and approach indicate death and
destruction.

UlgSdoo, a mushroom.

UlgSdook', Port Medway.

Ulnoo, a man, as distinguished
from all other animals.

Ulnooe, to be a man, an Indian.

Ulnoo jech, the eyeball, the little

^ Indian, manikin.

Umkoome, ice.

Upkoo, gum.

TJpki^aweegftn', Oak Point in

Comwallis.
. Upsk^Unkook, Petite Kiver in
Hants County.

ntkiibdk, Chebogue.

'Wflgobagltk', literally, the bay
runs far up ; hence Cobequid.

WdohkwSmkeftk', Mizzen Point.

'WSda.wSIftk', the rain patters on
the roof.

'Wegbon, a bean.

Weijooik, Sheet Harbor.
'Weiopsk, a bead.
'Weisia, a beast.
'Wgjowtlk, Point Prim.
Wetiktioh', Margaree River, Cape

Breton.
WXskilfl5k, MUpftgech', NSnasft-

ktinSk', and PfidSLwikpaSLk are

Tangier Lakes.
'Wistlnawdnp Gay's River, in Hali-
fax County.
'W5baboo5kohiik, white waters,

Elm Tree River.
'W5beak&de, literally Swan land,

now Broad River Lake.
Wdjeeohk, Pereaux in Comwallis.
Wokiiloopsktisoi^', Marble Head.
'Wdktiineftk', Nine-Mile River in

Hants County.
'Woktimiitkook, Middle River,

Nova Scotia.
Wdlilinkwaka'gtinilohk, Port

Mulgrave.
Wdlunkftk', Beaver Harbor.
"Wdnpaak, Cole Harbor.
'Wdsettimoodk, Newel River.
'WdsokaegSk", Martin's Point, near

Londonderry, Colchester County,

on Debert River.
'Wdadgwdsoo-gwdde, Petite in

Hants County, on the bay.
Wdsp^eftk^ Shoal Bay.
'Wdspooijiktook, among the seals ;

Herring Point, New Brunswick.

Tap Team, a bull moose.

• i

* * *

I