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STANFORD 
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NOTE TO THE READER 
FRAGILE 

THE PAPER IN THIS VOLUME IS BRIHLE 

PLEASE HANDLE WITH CARE 



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John E. Marble 

1313 Garfield Avenue 

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f: 



MEMOIR 



* . ! 



OF 



GENERAL JOHN GLOVER, 



OF MARBLEHEAD. 



tt 



l?ROM THE HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS OF THE ESSEX INSTITUTE.] 



Printed by Charles W. Swasey, No, 27 Washington Street, 

1863. 



1 



1 



y. 



BRIGADIER GEIIERAL 17 
Died Jan :10. 1797. A^e 64. 



X 



A. MEMOIR 



OF 



GENERAL JOHN GLOVER, 



OF MARBLEHEAD. 






(A Kepobt, bkad at a MEvriiro of thx Essex Ixbtituts. March &th, 1868, upon a Do- 
hatjon to tbs libbart of obrtaik books vobmeblv bklonoxko to 

Gbvebal Glovbb.) 



[FBOM THE fflSTOMCAI COLLECTIONS OF THE ESSEX INSTITUTE.) 



Printed by Charles W. Swasey, No. 27 Washington Street. 

IS 63. 



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975. 33X 






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MEMOIR. 



The following paper was read at a meet- 
ing of the Essex Institute, March 9th, 1868, 
as a Report upon a donation to the Lihraiy 
of certain books formerly belonging to Gen. 
Glover : — 

These books were recently presented to the 
Essex Institute by Hon. Robert Hooper* of 
Boston, with the exception of one volume, be- 
longing however to the same series, presented 
by Wm. R. L. Ward, Esq.f of New .York. 
They form a most valuable donation, consisting 
of seven manuscript volumes. One contains 
copies of letters written by Gen. Glover 
while in the Revolutionary service, herein re- 
ferred to as the Letter Book. The other six 
are the Orderly Books, kept in the 21st Provin- 
cial Regiment, afterwards the 14th Continental 
Regiment. This Regiment was commanded by 
Col. John Glover from the commencement of 
the Revolution until the 21st of February 1777, 
when he was made Brigadier General. From 



JLx. 



* A grandson of Gen. Olover. 

t A great-grandson of Jonathan Olover, who 
was a brother of Gen, Glover. 



that time until the close of the war, it oonstita- 
ted part of Gen. Gloveif s Brigade. 

In the Orderly Books, above mentioned, are 
preserved the General Orders issued each day 
from Head Quarters at the place where this 
Regiment was stationed, during the following 
periods of the Revolution : 

Volume No. 1, beginning June 29th, 1775, 
Head Quarters at Cambridge, and ending Sept. 
14th, 1776. 

No. 2, beginning Sept. 15th, 1775, and 
ending Jan. 5tb, 1776. 

No. 8, beginning Jan. 6th, 1776, and end- 
ing July 26th, 1776, Head Quarters at New 
York. 

No. 4, beginning Oct. 19th, 1776, Head 
Quarters at Mile Square, N. Y., and ending 
Oct. 14th, 1778, Head Quarters at Provi- 
dence, R. I. A gap occurs in this Number 
from Nov. 24th, 1776, Head Quarters at 
North Castle, New York, to June 28th, 1778, 
Head Quarters at Fort Arnold, N. Y. 

No. 5, beginning March 6th, 1779, Head 
Quarters at Providence, R. I., and ending 
July 28, 1779, Head Quarters at Ridgfield, 
Conn. 



No. 6, beginning Aug. 3d, 1781, Head 
Quarters at Phillipsbnrg, N. Y., and ending 
Nov. 26th, 1781. Head Quarters at the High- 
lands, N. Y. 

Orderly Books of the Revolution are very 
rare, and it is doubtful whether there exists 
another series so complete and well preserved 
as thb. For, though all Aides de Camp 
and Majors of Brigades were ordered "to 
keep regularly entered in a Book all the Gen- 
eral Orders of the Army, as well as those of 
the Brigade they belong to,*'* still such Books 
were considered of no value, except for a tem- 
porary purpose, and the constantly shifting 
movements of the different portions of the Ar- 
my, the frequent and sudden marches, the loss 
of baggage, and especially the careless irreg- 
ularities of Camp life, caused them to be poor- 
ly kept, and soon lost. 

For the student of American Hi.'itory, noth- 
ing could affi>rd so interesting, and at the 
same time so reliable, a source of information ; 
and the reader viewing, as if actually present, 
the very scenes as they transpired from day 
to day in that long and doubtful contest which 
finally established our Independence, will gain 
a higher appreciation of the wisdom, patience 
and benevolence of Washington, and the brav- 
ery and fidelity of his officers and of his army. 

As no biography has ever been written of 
Qen. Glover, to whom these manuscripts be- 
longed, and with whoso career they are so 
intimately connected, the following article may 
serve as an accompaniment and illustration of 
the books themselves, and at the same time do 
some justice to the memory of that distin- 
guished patriot, "active, modest and indus- 
trious, the friend of Washington, the trustiest 
friend of freedom, the hero of Trenton. "f 

* 8m Orderly Book, No. 1, Jnly 20, 1775. 
t Address of Geo. B. Loring before the Colam- 
bian Society in Marblehead, Jan. 8, 1856. pag« 5. 



General John Glover was bom in Sales 
Mass., Nov. 5, 1732, and was baptised in tb| 
First Church in Salem, Nov. 26. He die^ 
in Marblehead, Jan. 30, 1797. His fathe^ 
Jonathan, Jr., was bom in Salem, Dec. 141 
1702, and married Tabitha Bacon of Salem; 
Feb. 23, 1727. Jonathan, Sr., father of th^ 
preceding, was bora in Salem, April, 167T| 
and was the son of John Glover, who vra^ 
married in Salem in 1660, probablj 
the son of Charles Glover, who came froiq 
England to this country in 1630, and joined 
the First Church in Salem, as a member iit 
full communion, June 10, 1640.* 

Gen. John Glover and his three broth- 
ers, Jonathan, Samuel and Daniel removed 
from Salem to Marblehead when young, and 
became engaged in various branches of trade : 
Jonathan was a hatter, Samuel a goldsmith. 
Daniel a blockmaker, and John a shoem&ker. 
In 1754, Oct. 30, John married Hannah Gale 
of Marblehead. 

He soon after entered into the fishing busi- 
ness, and was prosperously engaged in that 
and other mercantile pursuits until the outbreak 
of the Revolution. His brother Samuel was 
a Captain through the French War, in Joseph 
Williams' Regiment, during the year 1757. 
and in Jonathan Bagley's Regiment, from 
1758 until the end of the War. 

John and his brother Jonathan appear by 
the Marblehead Records to have held for 
many years offices of honor and trust in the 
Town Government, and were connected with 
many enterprises for the benefit of the inhab- 
itants. In 1773, when the prevalence of the 
Small Pox excited such apprehension among 
the people of this vicinity, they were the prin- 
cipal movers in building the Hospital for the 
purpose of inoculation on Cat Island, now Low- 

* For a Genealogical table of the family, see the 
appendix. 



N 



3 



ell laland, in Salem Harbor. For ibis purpose 
leave was granted by vote of the town of Sa- 
lem, Aug. 16, 1773,* and tbej, with others, 
erected the Hospital, and carried it on at their 
own expense for more than a year sacoessfnl- 

There was a large party, however, who did 
not believe in the efficacy of inoculation, and 
so fierce was the opposition on the part of 
some of the people, that they threatened to 
mob the proprietors of the Hospital. But 
Jonathan Olover, with an energy approp^ate 
to the place and the occasion, having station- 
ed a loaded cannon in the hall of his house, 
opened his doors, and declared his readiness 
to receive the rioters. This prompt action 
seems to have prevented any actual violence, 
but the controversy continued to cause great 
excitement in the neighborhood, and only 
ended, when, in the spring of 1775, the far 
more important question of Liberty engrossed 
the attention of all. 

Marblehead made early preparations for the 
great struggle which hercitiflens wisely judged 
to bo inevitable. t 

Before the year 1775, a full Militia Begi- 
ment, of a thousand men, had been maintained 
by this town, then in point of wealth and im- 

* Felt's Annalfl, Ist Edition, pa^ 484. M'd 
Town Becordg. 

t A yeiy interesting account of this Hospital, 
and of the "Small Pox War" which it occasioned 
in 1774, may be found in the Marblehead Mirror of 
March 21st, 1863, written by J. H. Orne, of Mar- 
blehead. The proprietors of the Hospital were 
Elbridge Gerry, John Glover, Azor Ome and Jon- 
athan Glover. For an account of the building of a 
similar Hospital, in the southeast part of the great 
pastures in Salem, see a Memoir of Dr. Edward 
A. Holyoke, Boston, 1829, Appendix I. 

I See Gordon's History of American War i, 422. 
M. Town Records. 



portance, the second in the Colony of Massa- 
ohusetts. 

This Beg^ent was reorganized, men and 
officers bemg enlisted for the Continental ser- 
vice. The ten companies were very soon com- 
pleted, and the men, th(Mroughly equipped aod 
disiplined, ready to turn out for duty on any 
emergency. John Glover was chosen Col- 
onel. On the 26th of February, 1775, 
when Col. Leslie made his fiunous descent up- 
on the quiet " City of Peace," had he not 
prudenUy avoided a collision in the affiur at 
North Bridge, the brave men of the Marble- 
head Regiment, who had instantly collected 
upon the alarm being ^ven, and were all ready 
drawn up on the line of his retreat from Sa- 
lem, would have given him a simihir reception 
to that which met Col. Smith and Lord Percy 
on the 19th of April, when retreating from 
Lexington.* 

John Glover had for many years been in 
the military service, and had held the follow- 
ing commissions, the originals of which are 
still in the possession of his descendants, first, 
as " Ensign in the third militaiy foot Compa- 
ny in the Town of Marblehead, under the 
Command of Bichard Beed Esq., in the fifth 
Regiment of Militia in the County of Essex, 
whereof Jacob Fowle Esq. is Colonel," dated 
March I2th, 1759, and signed by Thomas 
Pownall, Governor, and Andrew Oliver, Seo- 
retaiy ; second, as " Captain Lieut't in the 
military Company of Foot in Marblehead, 
under the Command of Azor Ome Esq. in 
the Begiment of Militia in the County of Es- 
sex, whereof Jacob Fowle Esq. is Colonel," 
dated Feb. 12th, 1762, and signed by Fran- 
cis Bernard, Governor, and John Cotton, 

* See 4th of July Oration at Salem, 1842, C. W. 
Upham ; also an accoont of Leslie's Retreat by C. 
M. Endicott. 



t 

IV 

C 



Dep. Seoretary; third, as "Captain of a mili- 
tary Company of Foot in the Town of Mar- 
blehead, in the Regiment of Afilida in the 
Coonty of Essex, whereof John GkiUison 
Esq. is Colonel," dated Febnuiy 8th, 1773, 
and agned by Thomas Hntehinson, Gover- 
nor, and John Cotton, Dep. Seoretaiy. 

CoL Olover abandoned his extensive 
business, and devoted himself with his 
whole energy to the patriot cause. His 
money was given to aid the enlistment of 
men, and the purohase of supplies for the 
Continental army; and his vessels were 
turned into privateers. Associated with him, 
were such men as Col. Aaor Ome* and El- 
bridge Gerry, with whom he was intimately 
connected, both in town and state affiiirs. While 
in the army he maintained a constant corres- 
pondence with them, as influential members 
of the State Government, in regard to the con- 
duct of the War, and the fowarding of men 
and supplies.f 

It is sufficient evidence of the high opinion 
which Glover's fellow townsmen had of his a- 
bility, that they should at once select him as 
the best fitted to command a Regiment com- 
posed of nearly all the able-bodied men of the 
town; and the sequel justified the selection, 
for this Regiment, and the 14th Continental, 
which was formed from it, at the new enlist- 
ment of Jan. 1, 1776, became under the care- 
ful and constant training of Glover, the best 
equipped, best disciplined, and most reliable 
Corps in the Army. 

Frequently called upon in those sudden and 
critical emergencies, which put to the severest 
test the soldier's courage and endurance, its 
brave men elicited the applause and admira- 
tion of all, by their unexampled readiness, 

. * Marblehead Register, April 17, 1839. 
t See Letter Book. 






skill and intrepidity ; engaged in most of the 
important battles of the War from its com- • 
mencement to its close, in many instances as- 
signed the post of honor when extraordinarr 
difficulty or peril surrounded the Army, and ! 
ever prepared and willing for service, eitber ! 
on the land or on the water, this Regimeoi i 
established that world-wide reputation, whick 
Marblehead has, from that time to the present, 
so nobly sustained. 

The sacrifices which Marblehead made for 
the cause of the Revolution, are shown by the 
following facts. In 1772, the tonnage of 
Marblehead was upwards of twelve thousand, 
and the number of polls twelve hundred 
and three ; in 1780, the polls were but five 
hundred and forty four, and the tonnage at 
the peace, was only fifteen hundred and nine; 
nearly every able-bodied citiien was abroad 
engaged in the public service, either " upon 
land or water," and at the close of the contest, 
there were within the borders of this single 
town, four hundred and forty eight widows:, 
and nine hundred and dxty-siz fatherless chil- 
dren. No other town in the United States of 
the same population and property, lost so large 
a proportion of both, probably, as Marble- 
head.* 

The following taken from the Marblehead 
Register of April 17, 1830, gives a brief ac- 
count of some interesting events in the early 
history of the Revolution. 

** Marblehead Rkminisgences 

1773, Deo. 16th Tea destroyed in Bos- 
ton. 

1774, March 25th. Boston Port Bill 
passed, only Coasters allowed to enter after 
being searched at Marblehead and an officer 
put on board to proceed to Boston ; many 
strangers in town, and great buzz among the 
people. 

* Report on the American Fisheries, by Loren. 
zo Sabine 1853, page 202. 



July 5th. Goveraor Ghige in town, and 
iines with Mr. Robert Hoop^. 

Angast l8t. Town sent eleven carts laden 
with (faniaica fish and a cask of oil to Boston, 
as a present to the inhabitants of that town. 

Sept. 30th. The British soldiers stationed 
on Marblehead Neck. The soldier, who 
wounded Capt. Merritt, was there punished ; 
&ve hundred lashes. A Town Meeting was 
previously held on the subject, which was re- 
ferred to the military. 

Oct. 6th. Great fire in Salem ; our peo- 
ple go over with the Union Engine, Edward 
Hornan, Captain. The town of Salem after- 
wards credits the town of Marblehead for 
saving their town, or a great part of it. 
Thanks were given to Capt. Horaan for his 
exertions : it is said that boards were held be- 
fore his face at the time. 

Oct. 8th. Sloop arrived from Boston, so- 
liciting further donations. 

1775, Fob. 9th. His Majesty's ship Live- 
Ijt 20 guns, Capt. Bishop, arrived and an- 
chored opposite the Fort, Capt. and officers, 
few days after, dine on shore. 

Feb. 26th. Came into the harbour a trans- 
port with 246 troops, which were landed while 
the people were sone to meeting in the after- 
noon on Homan s Beach, and there loaded 
their guns and marched out of town. Some 
of the soldiers carried coils of rope. It after- 
wards appeared, that when they arrived at the 
North Bridge in Salem, the people took up 
the bridge to hinder them from going further 
that way. A compromise, afterwards took 
place, between the commander, and the 
people; the bridge was let down and he 
was allowed to march yards, which 

he did, and so returned to Marblehead after 
dark and went on board the Transport again. 
As they returned through the town, they 
passed the Marblehead Regiment, all hands to 
quarters. 

March 14th. Capt. Bishop again dined 
on shore He is said to be a good kind of 



April 19th. British troops march out of 
Boston. Paul Revere previously left the town 
and spread the news. Battle at Lexington. 



April 20th. Capt. Bishop sent a message 
on shore : Town Meeting on the subject; many 
people moving out of town. 

May 3rd. Brig Nancy sailed for Europe. 
*< 21st. Mr. Whitwell preached to Ar- 
tillery Company at Old Meeting House. Text 
Chron. 28, 15. 

May 22nd. Drums and fifes go about 
town ; fishermen enlisting for Continental Ar- 
my. 

May 25th. Generals Howe, Burgoyne, 
and Clinton arrive at Boston. 

May 26th. Lively ordered to Boston. 
" 28th. Preaching at church. Text 
Jer. 9, 24. 

May 30th. Alarm ; soldiers said to be 
landing at the forty; Olover with the Regi- 
ment turn out; himself with a short jacket on ; 
alarm false. 

May 31 St. The Lively sailed for Boston ; 
the Merlin, Sloop of war takes her place. 

June 6th, Arrived a schooner from W. 
Indies; Glover^s; he went off to meet her; 
the Merlin sent his barge, to order her to the 
ship, Olover refused, and so run her into Oer- 
ry*8 wharf; much people collected to see the 
fray. 

June 11 th. Sailed Schooner Charlotte Ste- 
phens W. Indies. 

June 15th. Town send a Committee of 
three on board the Merlin. 

June 17th. Battle of Bunker Hill. 
*' 2l8t. A general muster in town; 
orders came for the Regiment to march. 

June 22nd. The Regiment march for 
Cambridge. 

August 1st. The Merlin stops the fishing 
boats as they pass. 

August 24th. Company of Volunteers ar- 
rive from Cambridge for privateering. They 
are to go on board Col. U lover's schr. 

Sept. 11. John Orush in schr., sailed for 
W. Indies. 

Sept. 21. All hands repairing Fort, Sun- 
days not excepted. 

Sept. 27. A schooner from New Provi- 
dence in ; in the evening they went off and 
took her and carried her round to ferry. 

1776, Jan. 7. Trees on Cat Island cut 
down last night, suppose by the Merlin. 



6 



June 1. The representatives from Salem 
were not received at the General Coart be- 
canse they were ohosen by kernels of com 
and pease." 

It will be seen by the above, that the Mar- 
blehead Regiment was transferred from the 
Militia to the Provincial or Continental ser- 
vioe about the 22d of May, 1775. On the 
2l8t of June, they were ordered to march. 
On the 22d they marched to Cambridge, and 
reported for duty to Oen'l Ward, then in 
command of the gathering forces. 

The drumsticks which were used to beat 
the drum on the day when the Begiment 
marched from Marblehead to Cambridge, 
have been preserved in Marblehead as an 
honored memento of the oocadon, and were 
lately presented to the Essex Institute. 

The following is a list of the officers of 
this Regiment: 

Colonel, — John Glover. 

Lieutenant Colonel, — John Gerry. 

Major, — Gabriel Johonnot. 

Adjutant, — William Gibbs. 

Captains, — Wm. R. Lee, Wm. Courtis, 
Wm. Bacon, Thomas Grant, Joel Smith, 
Nicholson Broughton, Wm. Blaokler, John 
Merritt, John Selman, Francis Symonds. 

LieutenanU, — John Glover, Robert Hal^ 
ris, Wm. Mills, Wm. Bubier, John Bray, 
John Stacey, Nathaniel Clark, Joshua Pren- 
tice, leaao CoUyer, Wm. Russell. 

JBnsign$, — Edward Archbold , Thomas 
Courtis, Seward Lee, Ebenezer Graves, Joshua 
Ome, J. Devereauz, Jr., Nathaniel Pearce, 
Robert Nimblett, Edward Holman, George 
Ligngrass. 

These, except Capt. Wm. R. Lee and 
his Lieutenant, John Glover, and Ensign Ed- 
ward Arohbold, were all commissioned by the 
Provincial Congress June 23d, 1775. (See 
Am. Arch. 4th Series, Vol. II, 828.)* Lee 

* John Glover received also a commissioD, which 
is still in the possession of his descendants, from 



soon after became Major, and finally was Col 
onel. He was ^^stinguished throughout tht 
war for bravery and ability as an officer, and 
was honored by Washington with the ap 
pointment to the office of Adjutant General, 
but declined it in favor of Col. Pickering. 
(Sparks' Writings of Washington, Vol. IV, 
372, 433; Vol. V, 168.) Col. Lee was af 
terwards, from 1802 to 1825, Collector at the 
Port of Salem. 

John Glover was the eldest son of the Col- 
onel, and was subsequently a Captain in the 
14th Regiment. Archbold also became Ad- 
jutant in the same Regiment. 

The uniform of the Regiment consisted of 
a blue round jacket and trowsers trimmed 
with leather buttons. (Lossing Am. Rev., 
Vol. 2nd, 606.) It received the name of 
the 21st Regiment, but was afrerwards also 
known as the " Marine Regiment." While 
at Cambridge it had an important share in that 
series of operations which finally resulted in 
the evacuation of lioston by the "ministerial 
army," and its officers were often honored 
with those temporary appointments which in 
a new army requira so much skill and expe- 
rience. (See Ord. Book, No. 1.) 

On the 4th of Oct., 1775, Col. Glover 
with Stephen Moylan, (one of Washington's 
Aids and Muster Master General) at the re- 
quest of Washington, took charge of the 
equipment and manning of the armed vessels 
and cruisers which did such invaluable service 
in the early part of the war. He and bis 
Regiment were stationed at Beverly, for this 
purpose, from the latter part of the year 1775, 
until July 20th, 1776, when they left that 
place for New York. 

the Cootinental Congress, dated Jaly Ist, 1775 
signed by John Hancock, President, and Charles 
Thomson, Secretary. 



V 



While at Beverly, two Captains of the 
Regiment, John Seloum and Nicholas Brongh- 
ton, (afterwards a son-in-law of Col. Glov- 
er,) undertook the first naval expedition of 
the Revolution ; Broughton, as Commodore, 
commanding the Schooner Lynch, 6 guns, and 
Selman the Franklin, 4 gons, (the same after- 
wards commanded hy Capt. Hugford,) each 
taking his company for the crew. 

An interesting account of this expedition, 
written by Capt. Seiman himself, may be 
found in the Salem Gazette of July 22nd, 
1856. They sailed from Beverly Oct. 21st, 
1775, their main object bmng to intercept 
and capture the British transports and ves- 
sels. Being detained, however, a long time, 
by adverse winds and weather, and hearing 
that men were being recruited for the British 
army at Quebec, on the Island of St. John's, 
(now Prince Edward's Island,) they landed 
at that place, and, with their crews, captured 
the Fort on the Island, and also took prisoners 
and brought off " Gov. Colbeck and Judge 
Wright," who, as they were informed, "were 
the official persons swearing these men in be- 
half of George 3d. for Quebec," the inten- 
tion being, ** to break up this recruiting busi- 
ness," and "do essential service to Mont- 
gomery, who was then attacking Quebec." 
Having returned to Beverly, with their prison- 
ers and other captures, they repaired at once 
to Cambridge, to report to Gen. Washington 
their success, but were surprised to find him 
displeased with the result of the voyage. The 
General Orders of Nov. 5, 1775, (Ord. Book 
No. 2.,) give an explanation of this cool re- 
ception. Washington, at that time, consid- 
ered it of the greatest importance to concili- 
ate the people of the Northern Provinces ; 
and he might well fear, that the vigorous and 
somewhat rough manner in which Selman 
and Broughton had treated the dignitaries of 



St. John's Island, would tend to interrupt the 
fiiendship which then existed between that 
people and the Colonies. 

It was under the agency of Col. Glover 
that Capt. John Hanly's vessel was fitted ont, 
and the crew was obtained from his Begiment 
Manly, who was a native of Marblehead, re- 
ceived a naval commission from Washington, 
October, 1775. His first command was the 
schooner Lee ; he was subsequently in com- 
mand of the frigates, Hancock and Hague. 
He died in Boston, in 1793, and was buried 
with distinction. 

Capt. Samuel Tucker, another celebrated 
Privateersman of Marblehead, sailed under the 
same auspices. He is said to have captured 
more British guns and British seamen than 
Paul Jones, or any other Captain in the ser- 
vice of the thirteen states. Captain Tucker 
took John Adams to Europe in 1779. On the 
passage, he fell in with an enemy. It was 
agreed to fight her, and also that Mr. Adams 
should retire below ; but Tucker soon observed 
him, with a gun, fighting as a common ma- 
rine, and in tones of authority ordered him to 
leave the deck ; Mr. Adams, however, con- 
tinued at his post, when, at last, Tucker seized 
him, and forced him away, exchuming as he 
did so, *' I am commanded by the Continental 
Congress to carry you in safety to Europe, 
and I will do it." He removed after the Rev- 
olution to Bristol, Maine, where he died in 
1803.* 

The gallant Capt. James Mugford also, 
whose capture of the Brig Hope, with her car- 
go of fifteen hundred barrels of powder, 
besides other munitions of war, in Boston Har- 
bor on the 17th of May, 1776, was of such in- 
estimable value to the Colonies, had been a 

* Report OD the American Fisheries, by Loren- 
so Sabine, page 201. 



8 



Captain in this Regiment, and his orew of 
20 men were volunteers from it at Beverly. 
This capture was at the time considered by 
Washington as of the greatest importance, 
supplying the army as it did with the much 
needed article of powder at a time, when the 
whole stock on hand did not amount to more 
than nine rounds per man, and our lines, if 
attacked, could have made no resistance. 

Capt. Mugford, with others in Marblehead, 
had been, the previous year, impi'essed into 
the British service by a press-gang, which 
came ashore from the Frigate Lively, fhen ly- 
ing in Marblehead harbor, opposite "Skin- 
ner's Head'*' on the Neck side. The Frig- 
ate had thrown out ballast here, and the place 
is still called ** the Ballast.'' Mugford's wife, 
as soon as she heard of the capture of her hus- 
band, went on board the frigate, and demand- 
ed his release, stating that they had but just 
been married, und she depended upon him for 
her support. The Captain promised to re- 
lease him, und did so. 

When taken, Mugford had been sent on 
board a sloop of War, which lay off the Har- 
bor. While there, he heard the sailors talk- 
ing about the "powder ship/' which they 
were expecting from England. It was this 
knowledge, which made him so eager to under- 
take his enterprise. He applied for, and ob- 
tained from Gen. Ward, then at Philadelphia, 
a commission, with power to capture the ex- 
pected vessel, and under that commission he 
sailed. The haste with which he proceeded 
occasioned some irregularities, which perhaps 
was the cause why the prize money failed to 
be properly and justly paid. 

Mugford 's naval victory on the 19th of 
May, 1776, though fatal to himself, places 
him first on the List of Naval Heroes and 
Martyrs of the Revolution. At his funeral. 



which was conducted with great oeremoir 
and distinction, the " Marine Regiment '* pi? 
formed the Military honors. 

To show the activity and zeal with whic 
the privateering business was conducted i 
that time, it is stated, that in a single sea^ia 
there were despatched from Salem and Ber 
erly fifty-two privateers, chiefly owned in St 
lem and Beverly, which mounted about seve: 
hundred and fifty guns, and carried crews a 
nearly four thousand men. From May 1770. 
to February 1778, the American Privateer?, 
one hundred and seventy-three in number 
made prize of seven hundred and thirty-thret 
British vessels, which with their cargoes were 
worth more than twenty-five millions of dol- 
lars, after deducting the valhe of the prope^ 
ty retaken and restored.* 

The following documents show the manner 
in which Glover was connected with this bus- 
iness : 

INSTBUCTI0N8 TO COLONEL GLOYER AND 
MB. MOT LAN. 

Gamp at Cambridgb, ) 

Oct. 4, 1775. j 

His Excellency, having resolved to equip 

two armed vessels, has empowered you to nc- 

§otiate this business, in which the following 
irections are to be observed : 

1st. That the vessels be approved sailers, 
and as well found as possible. 

2d. That you have an appraisement made 
of them, by indififerent people. 

3d. That you agree, at as reasonable a 
rate as you can, for the hire of the vessels, 
and, if possible, procure the cannon and swiv- 
els on loan, and if not, purchase them at the 
cheapest rate per month. 

4tn. If you cannot equip them suitably 
at Salem or Marblehead^ one of you proceed 
to Newburyport, where there are several ves- 
ECls, and sundry cannon provided, suitable 
for this purpose. 

5th. You are, as soon as possible, to send 

* American Fisheries, Sabine 200. 



9 



V 



down proper direetions for the makbg of the 
cartridges, and providing ammunition, and a 
list of what will oe wanted. 

6th. You are to nominate some snitable 
person at Ob/ie Ann, MaMehead, and such 
other place, where any prises may be sent, as 
an agent to take eare of such prizes, instruct- 
ing him to give as early information as possi- 
ble of all captures, and the list of cargoes, as 
far as he can do it from papers. These per- 
sons when nominated by you, to receive in- 
structions fipom Head Quarters. You are also 
to settle with them the terms; and let them be 
persons of approved good character, and known 
snbstanoe. All agreements &o. to be put in 
writing. 

7th. All contracts entered into by you 
jointly, when together, or separately in case 
one should go to Newhwry, tne General will 
ratify and confirm. 

8th. As soon as either of the vessels is 
in suoh forwardneffi, as ta be ready to sail in 
a few days, you are to send notice to Head 
Quarters, that the officers and men may march 
down. 

I am Gentlemen, your obedient servant, 

GEORGE WASIHNGTON. 



COLONEL JOSEPH REED TO THE COMMnTEES 
OF SALEM AND GLOUCESTER. 

Gamp at Cambbidgb, ) 
October 4, 1776. | 
Gentlemen: 

I am directed by his Excel- 
lency General Waskinalon, to inform you, 
that he has referred the disposition of the 
cargo of the vessel lately taken within your 
District^ to the General Court of this Colo- 
ny, to whom he has also recommended the 
bravo captors for a suitable compensation. 
He now proposes to equip the vessels as 
ships'of war, and immediatelv to send them 
on a cruise ; or, if these vessels are not fit for 
the service, to exchange them for others, for 
which purpose he has despatched Oolonel 
Glover; and as it will not only be a protec- 
Uon for the co<st» but probably greatly dis- 

(2) 



tress the enemy, his Excellency requests 
your kind assistance to Colonel Glover in 
managing this business. 

1 am, by his Excellency's orders, 

most respectfully, Gentlemen, 

your obedient and humble servant, 

J. BEED. 



COLONEL JOSEPH REED TO COLONEL JOHN 

GLOVER. 

Hbad Quarters, Cambkhwe, ) 
October 4, 1776. j 
Sir: 

The vote of the General Court is at 
length received, but in such terms, and in 
such a manner, that his Excellency, the Qen- 
eral, does not choose to meddle with either of 
the vessels. You will, therefore, on receipt 
of this, take two other vessels, the most suit- 
able for our purpose, upon the best terms you 
can. Let them be prime sailers, put them 
into the best order, and lose no time. A 
great number of transports are hourlv expect- 
ed at Boston, from England and elsewhere. 
If you cannot equip them with guns snitable 
from Salem, by going to Newhurypori you 
may find not only a suitable vessel, but have 
your choice of guns for the purpose. As 
you may have more men upon your hands, 
than you will be able to manage, Mr. Moy- 
Ian, the Muster-Master General, is associated 
with you in this business; and whatever en- 
gagements are entered into by you and Mr. 
Moylan, when you may happen to be togeth- 
er, or by either, in case one goes to Newbury, 
the General will fully ratify and confirm. 

lam. Sir, 

your most obedient servant, 

J. BEED. 
To Colonel John Glovir, Marblehead. 



8. MOTLAN AND J. OLOVER TO GENERAL 
WASHINGTON. 



Sir: 



Salbm, Monday, Oct. 9, 1775. 



We were too sanguine in our expecta- 
tions on Saturday, which occasioned Mr. Moy- 
lan to tell Mr. Eeed, that one of the scboon- 



y 



10 



ers would be ready for the sea, on Thursday 
next. It is difficult to prooure carpenters, to 
put them in the necessary order. We there- 
fore think it will be Saturday, before the first 
will be ready to sail ; on that day, we would 
recommend to your Excellency to order the 
Captain and his company to set off; on the 
Wednesday ensuins, we haye no doubt but 
that the other yessel ^U be properly fitted. 

Col. Gloyer has giyetl the strongest proofs 
of his good opinion of the schooner, command- 
ed by Captain Broughton : he has yentured 
his brother and his &yorite son on board of 
her. Howeyer, lest any blame may lie with 
him, if any misfortune should happen, (which 
God ayert,) he will be pleased to haye the 
Captain and his company removed to a yes- 
sel of better fiimo for sailing, o o o 



COL. JOSEPH BEED TO CAPT. NICHOLSON 
BfiOUGHTON. 



Sir: 



Hbad QuARTBits, Oct 12, 1776. 



Yon are to recruit your present crew 
to seyenty men, including officers, but not 
out of the companies stationed at Marblehead 
for the security of the ooast, without the con- 
sent of the committee. You will haye fur- 
ther instructions in a few days. In the metm 
time you are to follow the orders of your 
Colonel. 

1 am. Sir, 

your yery humble servant, 

J. REKD. 

(The same to Ciqpt Selman.) 



JOHN GLOYEB TO GEN. WASHINGTON. 



Sir: 



Marblbhbad^ Oct 15, 1775. 



This will acquaint you» the two yes- 
selSi that the Captains Bronghtcm and Sel- 
man are to cominand, are ready to take the 
troops on board. The forms for the cannon 
and swiyel cartridges I haye sent to Col. 
Burbank. Would it not be best that eyery 
man be furnished with a spear, or cutlass, 
and a pair of pistols, if to be had? Our 
guns are yery unhandy in boarding. I haye 



procured proyisions for two yessels, saviz. 
four thousand weight of bread, which cai 
not be had here, but at the eztrayagaot pri: 
of thirty-two shillings per hundred weigh' 
Oapt Selman has his complement of men. x\ 
ten, which, with your Excellency's leave, k* 
will take out of the regiment Capt Broogb: 
on is yery unwell, but hope it is notbiL;i 
more then a bad cold, which he took at tk 
time of his running his yessel on shore. H 
has not been able to recruit a single nm 
here ; apprehend he may get his oomplemet: 
out of the Regiment with your EzcelleacyS 
leaye. This morning, six o'clock, saw a shij 
coming out of Boston ; steered her course di- 
rectly for Marblehead, which alarmed the i&- 
habitants yery much. She came almost t. 
the harbour's mouth, tacked ship, and stood 
off where she now is about one of two league? 
distant. I communicated to my son your £x 
cellency's intention (as handed to me bj Col 
Keed) of giving him the command of one of 
the yessels, which he seems much pleased 
with ; hope his conduct will meet your Ei- 
cellency's approbation ; he therefore waits for 
directions. 

1 am your Excellency's 

most obedient senrant, 

JOHN GLOVER 

To his Excellency, Gsn. Washinqton. 



BOBERT H. HAURISON TO WILLIAM PALFREY 
ANb COL. JOHN GLOVER OF MAJUILEUEAD. 



Sir: 



Cambbidoh, December 4, 1775. 



I am commanded by his Excellency 
to inform you that he recciyed your favours 
of the let. and 3d. instant ftod that your ac- 
tivity and conduct merit his approbation. 
He is much obliged to the people, who have 
afforded tiicir assistance in securing this val- 
uable prise, and for the alertness they haye 
discovered, and seal for the seryice of their 
country. You will be pleased to spare the 
Committee a few of the cannon shot taking 
a receipt for the same, and mentioning the 
cost that they may be repaid when they get 
theirs. As to the cannon, his Excellency is 



11 



ixoeedingly sorry that the want of them here 
8 so great that he cannot spare them, or he 
villinglj would. His Ezoellencj thinks 
bat the ship Concord and cargo should be 
I prize, as tne enemy every day are seizing 
>ur VesseU; but, conceiving himself not au- 
:horized to judge a vessel coming from BrxU 
%in here, with ^oods for a company or house 
in J^ston, he thinks it expedient to send to 
Ck>ngre8S for their determination, for which 
purpose an express will go to-morrow morning 
with such letters and papers as may be nec- 
essary for them to determine upon. 

If this vessel can be run up into some se- 
cure place, where the enemy cannot get her 
again* the goods may, and should be kept on 
board, under a proper guard, to prevent em- 
bezzlement But if this cannot be done, and 
there will be danger of the enemy's recover- 
ing the ship and cargo, the goods must be 
landed. The bill of lading is sent for that 
purpose, which will do as well as the invoice. 
There are several small parcels on board, for 
which there are no invoices. 

I am, &c., 

R fl. HABRISON. 

P. S. The Committee may keep the two 
four-pounders you spared them till called for. 
Take their receiptee 

On the Ist of January, 1776, most of the 
men of the 2 Ist or Marine Begiment re-en- 
listed for the war and formed the 14th Con- 
tinental Begiment, the new arrangement of 
the Army taking effect from that date. Col. 
Glover was commissioned Colonel of the New 
Begiment. 

The following list of the Company Officers 
of the 14th Begiment, is taken from Qlover's 
Letter Book. 

1st Company. Capt., W'm Courtis Esq. — 
Eirst Lieut, Edward Archbold — Second 
Lieut., Thos. Courtis — Ensign, James Fos- 
ter. 



* See American Archives, 4th series, Vols. 3 
and 4. Also Lossing, II., 637. 



2nd Company. Captain, Thos. Grant Esq.— 
First Lieut, William Bubier — Second Lieut 
Eben'r Graves — Ensign. John Allen. 

3d Company. Captain, John Glover Esq. — 
First Lieut, Joshua Ome — Second Lieut, 
Marston Watson — Ensign, William Hawks. 

4th Company. Captain, Nathaniel Bond 
Esq. — First Lieut, Theophilus Munson — 
Second Lieut, Seward Lee — Ensign, Jere- 
miah Beed. 

5th Company. Captain, Joseph Swasey 
Esq.— First Jieut, Bobert Williams— Sec- 
ond Lieut, Thomas Fosdick — Ensign, Bob't 
Wormsted. 

6th Company. Captain, Joseph Lee Esq. — 
First Lieut, Nath'l Clark — Second Lieut, 
Joseph Stacey — Ensign, Samuel Gatohel. 

7th Company. Captain, Moses Brown 
Esq. — First lieut, William Graves — Sec- 
ond Lieut, John Wallis — Ensign, John 
Clarke. 

8th Company. Captain, Gilbert Warner 
Speakman Esq.*— First Lieut, Bobert Nim- 
blitt — Second Lieut, William Jones — En- 
sign, John Brown. 

On the 20th of July, 1776, Glover marched 
with his Begiment from Beverly to New 
York. Having arrived there on the 9th of 
August, they were ordered to join General 
Sullivan's Brigade. (Gen. Orders. Am. 
Archives, 5th Series, Vol. 1, 514 & 913.) 

On the 16th of August, Capt Fosdick, 
with Capt Thomas, took command of two 
fire ships, and proceeding up the Hudson Biv- 
er, attacked and endeavored to set fire to the 
Phoenix and Bose, two British Ships of War 
that had passed up the river and stationed 
themsdves at Tarrytown. Fosdick grappled 
the Phoenix, but failed to set fire to her ; 
they however burned the tender beloaing to 



12 



the Phoeniz, and the British ships soon after 
retreated back to the fleets leaying the river 
unmolested. (GhMrdon, 11., 305.) 

Gapt. ThiHBas Fosdiok had acted as Ad- 
jutant of the 2l8t B^giment» and was 
Glover's Brigade Major in 1778. He 
appears to have been a particular friend 
and was afterwards connected with his 
familj. He was an excellent penman, 
as appears by his name, written on the 
Brst page of No. 4 of the Orderly Books, 
which Book was probably kept by him as 
Brigade Migor. 

The 14th Etegiment, during the battle of 
Long Island, Aug. 27 th, was stationed on New 
York Island. At five the next morning, it 
crossed over to Long Island and took post at 
Wallabout Bay on the left of the American 
Army. On the 28th, Washington having de- 
eded upon the perilous plan of evacuating 
lx>ng Island, Colonel Glover with the whole 
of his Begiment fit for duty were called upon 
to take command of the vessels and flat bot- 
tomed boats, which had been brought down 
from the North River far the purpose of trans- 
porting the army across to the New York 
side. 

The following a^ooount of the manner in 
which they performed this important service, 
and also of the sabsequent evacuation of New 
York, is taken substantially firom Gordon's 
History of the Am^oan War. Gordon, who 
is now considered one of the best authorities, 
derived much information from Glover, both 
by personal conversation and correspond- 
ence. In this as well as other parts of his 
History the phraseology indicates that he 
made frequent use of Glover's letters.^ 



♦ Compare Glover's letter to his mother, Oct. 6, 
1776, with Gordon's account of the attack on New 
ITork, Sept 15, 1776. 



On the 28ih of August, the boats and ve. 
sels, which were to transport the arm j fr.c 
Long Island, having all been oolleoted -» 
Brooklyn, Col. Glover went over from Ne' 
York to superintend the transportation ; '^ 
about seven in the evening, officers and ma 
went to work with a spirit and resolution p 
culiar to the Marblehead Corps. The oar 
were muffled and everything was done witi 
the greatest possible silence and despatch 
General Washington, heedless of the entrci 
ties of his officers, who urged him to paj 
more regard to his personal safety, staid oi 
the Island through the night, encouraging a&i 
directing the men, and only left when the oot- 
ering party abandoned the lines at about sii 
the next morning. 

During the first part of the night the ti<k 
was at ebb, and the wind blew strong frm 
the Northeast, which adding to the rapidity 
of the current, rendered it apparently impos- 
sible to effect the retreat with the few rov- 
boats at command, and put it out of the pow- 
er of Col. Glover's men to make any use of 
the sail boats. General M*Dougal, who had 
charge of the embarkation of the troops, sent 
Col. Grayson, one of the Commander in Chief's 
aids, to report to his excellency their em- 
barrassed situation ; and gave it as his opin- 
ion that a retreat was impracticable that 
night. The Colonel returned soon after, not 
being able to find the Commander in Chief, 
on which the General went on with the em 
barkation under all these discouragements. 
But about eleven, the wind died away and 
soon after sprung up at South west, and blew 
fresh, which rendered the sail boats of use, 
and at the same time made the passage from 
the Island to the City, direct, easy and ex- 
peditious. Providence further interposed in 
favor of the retreating army, by sending a 



13 



thick fog about two o'dook in the morning, 
which hung over Long laknd, while on New 
York side it was dear. 

The fog and wind eontinaed to favor the 
retreat, till the whole army, 9000 in num- 
ber, with all the field artillery, snoh heavy 
ordinance as was of most value, ammunition, 
provision, oattle, horses, oarts &o., were safe 
over. 

The water was so remarkably smooth as 
to admit of the row-boats being loaded to 
within a few inches of the gunnel. The en- 
emy, unconscious of what was going on, were 
flo near that they were heard at work with 
their pickaxes and shovels. In about half 
an hour after the lines were finally abandon- 
ed, the fog cleared off and the British were 
seen taking possession of the American works. 
Four boats were on the river, three half way 
over, full of troops; the fourth, within reach 
of the enemy's fire upon the shore, was com- 
pelled to return ; she had only three men in 
her who had tarried behind to plunder. The 
river is a mile or more across, and yet the 
retreat was effected in less than thirteen 
hours, a great part of which tinie it rained 
hard* 

This event, one of the most remarkable in 
the War, did much towards establishing the 
fame of Washington, and confidence in 
his ability as a military leader. It would, 
however, have been impossible but for the 
skill and activity of Qlover and his Marble- 
head 'Regiment 

Od the 4th of Sept., Glover was placed in 
command of General Clinton *s Brigade, and on 
the 13th and 14th, he with his Brigade su- 
perintended the evacuation of New York City. 
Daring the night of the 18th, they removed 



* (See Gordon, II, 313.) 



safely to the Jersey shore all the sick in and 
about the City, amounting to 500. 

Having accomplished this, they had 
carried their tents and all their baggage to 
the river to be transported up in boats, when 
an alarm took place, and Glover received or- 
ders to march his brigade to Harlem (about 
eight miles from New York on New York Is- 
land) to join Qtea. M'Dougal. They were 
thus compelled to leave the baggage of two 
regiments behind, which afterwards fell into 
the hands of the enemy. The next morning, 
Sept 15, they marched to Kingsbridge (15 
miles from New York, at the Northern ex- 
tremity of the Island.) They had but just 
reached there, and were unslin^g their knap- 
sacks, when an express arrived with an ac- 
count that the enemy were landing; upon 
which they marched back without any kind of 
refreshment, joined five other brigades, about 
7000 men, and formed on Harlem Plains, hav- 
ing marched 23 miles, besides the Isbor of 
transporting the sick. 

About eleven o'clock, Gen. Howe landed 
his troops, under cover of five ships of war, 
in two divisions, between Rip's bay and Tut- 
tle bay, on the East Biver half way between 
New York and Harlem, the Hessians in one 
place and the British in another. As soon as 
Gen. Washington heard the firing of the men 
of war, he rode with all despatch towards the 
lines, but to his great mortification, found the 
troops posted there retreating with the ut- 
most precipitation. His attempts to stop 
them were fruitless, though he drew his 
sword, threatened to run them through, 
cocked and snapped his pistols. A strong 
division of the British army under General 
Clinton had previously landed at a place 
higher up than where the Americans had ex- 
pected them. Three large ships were sta- 



14 



tioned in the North Biver opposite to those 
n the East BiYer, and all kept up a con- 
stant cannonading with grape shot and lan- 
grage quite across the Island. When the 
British were completely landed, they marched 
on towards the Eingsbridge road. 

The Americans that had fled upon the ap- 
proach of the enemy, stopped not till they 
were met by Col. Glover^s and the five other 
brigades. The forces being joined, the 
whole marched forward and took post on some 
heights where they remained. The troops 
now wished to be led forward against the 
British, but Washington, though at first he 
consented, on mature consideration refused, 
as he could place no dependence upon the mi- 
litia and flying camp, who composed half the 
number then present.^ 

Meanwhile the British Qenerals wasting 
their time at the house of Mr. Etob^rt Mur- 
ray, a quaker, (where Mrs. Murray, a good 
and true friend to the American cause, en- 
tertained them civilly with cakes and wine ) 
and their army being consequently inactive, 
gave Gen. Putnam the opportunity to escape 
with about 3500 men from New York City 
where they had been left when CoL Glover 
had been ordered away. 

Thus was the evacuation of New York ef- 
fected with much more success than could 
have been expected considering the superior- 
ity of the British force, and the confusion oc- 
casioned among the Americans by their un- 
expected attack. It is indeed surprising that 
the British did not capture the whole Army, 
situated as it was on a long and narrow is- 
land, with a broad river on each side, up 
which the British fleet could have easily 
transported forces sufficient to cut off the re- 
treating Americans. But here — ^as well as 



♦ See Glover's letter to his mother, Oct. 6th. 



at the previous evacuation of Long Islan 
and in the wonderful series of retreats whici 
Washington's Army soon afterwards ma<^ 
till they reached and recrossed the Delewan 
and achieved the splendid victory at Tree 
ton which gave such new vigor and life to tb 
sinking cause of Liberty — Providence seem 
to have taken under its special protectioi 
that army upon which rested the hopes of hn 
manity. 

The energy and skill displayed by Glove 
at this time in removing the sick froK 
New York and in saving the publi 
stores and ammunition, proved him to be ai 
officer of uncommon ability, and obtained fo 
him the particular regard and friendship o 
Washington. An opportunity soon after 
wards occurred for him and his brigade U 
prove that they also possessed courage and 
prowess on the field of battle. The Army 
being still encamped on N. Y*. Island, wen 
nearly surrounded by the enemy who mad< 
various attempts to dislodge them, and oi 
the 18th of October a skirmish took place ii 
which Glover and his Brigade acted a con 
spicuous part, and behaved with such gal 
Ian try and coolness as to receive the special 
thanks of both Gen. Lee, who commanded th< 
Division, and Gen. Washington. 

The British Army under Howe amounting 
at that time to about 80,000 men, nearlj 
twice the number of the American Army, on 
the 18th of October made their first landing 
on the mainland, at Frog's Neck in west Ches. 
ter County, a few miles to the east of Kings- 
bridge, which was the most important position 
in the American lines, being their only means 
of passage from the Island. Washington re- 
garded with much anxiety this movement of 
the enemy. A successful landing at this place 
would turn the left of the American Army 



15 



and deprive them of their only means of es- 
cape ; and it was evident that snch a landing 
could not long be prevented. It was there- 
fore by the argent advice of Gen. Lee, who 
had just arrived from the field of victory at 
Charleston, determined to withdraw the army 
from the Island. Meanwhile, to delay the 
advance of the British, Col. Glover's Brigade 
was despatched to West Chester, where they 
met them and soon became engaged in oon- 
fiict. Glover sooceeded twice in repulsing 
the enemy, bat finally, finding their force to 
be greatly superior in number, by Qen. Lee's 
orders he withdrew to a strong position in the 
rear. 

This skirmish served to cheek the British 
and thus give time for the withdrawal of the 
men and army stores from N. Y. Island. 
By it Glover had the honor of being the first 
to resist the landing of a British Army on the 
main land of America. For his services he 
was thanked, in General Orders of the 19th, 
by Gen. Lee as follows : 

MiLi Squark, Oct. 19, 1776. 

Gen. Lee returns his warmest thanks to 
Col. Glover and the Brigade under his com- 
mand, not only for their gallant behavior yes- 
terday, but for their prudent, cool, orderly 
and soldierlike conduct in all respects. He 
assures these brave men that he shall omit no 
opportunity of showing hb gratitude. All 
the wounded to be immediately carried to Yol^ 
antine's Hill, at the second Liberty pole, 
where surgeons should repair to dress them ; 
they are afterwards to be forwarded to Fort 
Washington. 



and soldiers who were with him in the skir- 
mish on Friday last, that their merit and good 
behavior deserved, he flatters himself that his 
thanks though delayed will nevertheless be ac- 
ceptable to them, as they are oflTered with 
great sincerity and cordiality ; at the same 
time he hopes that eveiy other part of the Ar- 
my will do their dutv with equal bravery and 
zeal whenever called upon, and neither dan- 
gers nor difficulties nor nardships will discour- 
age soldiers engaged in the cause of Liberty 
and while we are contending for all that free- 
men hold dear and valuable. 



The following are the General Orders of 
Washington : 

Hbad Quartsbs, Oct. 21, 1776. 

The hurried situation of the Gen. the two 
last days having prevented him from paying 
that attention to Col. Glover and the officers 



The following letters written by Glover are 
of particular interest in connection with this 
part of the Campaign. They are taken from 
his letter book. 

Burbit's Fjbrry, Sept. 16, 1776. 

Sir: 

This moment by express from Gen. 
Washington I am to inform you, it is ordered 
you should send me a particular account of the 
situation of the troops under your command, 
as from the cannonading this morning he is 
anxiously concerned for you. 

I am Sir yours &c., 

JOHN GLOVER, 

Commandant Brigade. 

To Col. DURXBB. 



Burdit's Fsrrt, Sept. 28, 1776. 

Sir: 

The express I sent off to Gen. Mer- 
cer is this moment returned, being obliged to 
go to Amboy to find him ; enclosed is his let- 
ter to your Excellency. Col. Baldwin's Reg- 
iment is much in want of tents, there being 
none to be had here, nor any bams but what 
are taken up for the mck. The men by being 
so much exposed I fear will be all sick and 
very soon unfit for duty. The enemy are 
forming ah encampment on the edge of North 
River about one mile below where the battle 



16 



yfSiS fought on Monday last. I have moved 
the Brigade up the hill about one mile and a 
half from the feny. Gol. Bradley's Begi- 
ment is posted between my Brigade and Pau- 
lus' Hook. The Asia, man of war, passed by 
that post at nine o'cloek this morning. Col. 
Durkee saluted her with 6 qhots, 82 pounders, 
which was not returned. Col. Durkee expects 
to be reinforced with 500 men from Gen. 
Mercer, when he hopes to defend the post 
should he be attacked. 

I am with duty and respect 

your Excellency's most obedient 

humble servant, 

JOHN GLOVEB. 

To his Excellency Gen. Washinotom. 



The following is the reply to the above let- 
ter, copied from the original : 

Head Quarters, Col. Moriss's, ) 

Sept. 18, 1776. f 

Sir: 

The inconveniences Col. Baldwin's 
regiment must of necessity be exposed to, for 
the want of tents, is a circumstance I can on- 
ly lament but cannot remedy; to supply them 
from this place is altogether out of my power, 
as one half of the brigades here are in the 
same situation ; all I can say on the subject is 
to recommend to you, the building of huts in 
the most convenient manner the nature of the 
case will admit of, to answer the present pur- 
pose, until proper barracks can oe erected ; 
where these huts are to be placed, as also the 
propriety of continuing your present encamp- 
ment so far distant from the feny as a mile 
and a half, will be determined upon the spot 
by Gen. Green and yourself; he is gone to 
visit your quarters to day. 

I am Sir 



your humble servant, 

G. WASHINGTON. 



Engush NmeHBORHOOD, New Jkbsby, > 

Oct. 6, 1776. I 

Bever'd Sir: 

I am now to inform you I have 
taken the liberty to return your name ns 
Chaplain to my Regiment during the time it 
was in Beverly. For which service I have 
drawn £5 per month which is only half pay, 
there being only one Chaplain allowed by 
Congress for two Regiments. Enclosed b 
£30, which you will please to accept as a 
gratuity for your services above mentioned, 
with my best regards to yourself and lady, 
and believe me to be respectfully yours &c., 

JOHN GLOVER. 

P. S. My best regards to Mr. Agent 
Bartlett and Lady. 

Per favor of Capt Nicholas Thomdiuk.* 



]oL. Glovbr. 



*• Fort Constitution, ) 
Oct. 7, 1776. ]■ 
Dear Mother : 

My last was the 23d ult. 
by Baker, since which I received yours of the 
9th and Idth, in answer thereto. Your let- 
ter I gave his Excellency who observed that 
the business of the Army in its present con- 
fused state was more than he could possibly 
attend to, without anything else, but was very 
sorry to have any gentleman ill treated or 
superseded, who had his appointment from 
him and who had conducted to his satis&ction, 
but all that he at present could do was to write 
to Congress or theMarine Committee ; which he 
since told me he did and enclosed your letter, 
to which he has not received an answer. The 
appointment of persons to appraize the powder 
does not lay with the General, but with the 
Congress or Marine Committee. Mr. Gerry 
has it in his power to do more for you than 
any one else. I dare say will upon applica- 
tion. The Congress have resolved to raise 
88 Battalions for the defence of the Ameri- 
can States, of which Massachusetts is to far- 
nish 15. The whole number including com- 

* This letter was probably written to Rev. Isaac 
Story of Marblehead. 



17 



missioned, non-commissioned offioers and pri- 
vates is 64,064. A Colonel of a Regiment to 
have 500 acres of land, Lieut. Col. 450, Ma> 
jor 400, Captain 850, subaltern officers 300, 
non-commissioned officers and privates 100 
each at the end of the war. This to be given 
them out of lands in the State from whence 
thej came. Besides this the soldiers are to 
have 20 dollars bounty and a suit of clothes. 
Had this been done 12 months ago we 
should now have had an army who would 
have been a match for the enemy in the open 
field ; but at present we dare not meet them 
there, our army being composed of flying Camp, 
four months Levy men, and one month Militia, 
who are always uneasy and cannot go through 
the fiitigue and hardships, which soldiers are 
necessarily called to, like those troops that 
have been seasoned to it. We have a few old 
Begiments, if detached by themselves, I believe 
would do honour to their Country, but we are 
obliged to intermix them with the raw troops, 
which is by far the greatest part of the army, 
consequently confuse the whole. This we saw 
verified on the 15th ult., the day we evacu- 
ated New York, and happy for us we began 
the retreat so timely as we did, otherwise the 
whole that were in the City must have been 
cut off; lor the enemy had landed 18,000 
men on that day on the East side about 4 
miles from the City, covered by 10 sail of men 
of war, and opposite to them on the North 
River came up three Inrgc ships. The whole 
kept up a constant cannonading with grape 
shot and langrage quite across the Island. 
I lost 2 men in the retreat, Worrasted Trefry 
of Marblehcad and Benjamin Rawden of Lynn. 
On the 28d a detachment from several 
Corps, commanded by Lieut. Col. Jackson, 
consisting of 240 men were sent off to dis- 
lodge the enemy from Montressor's Island, for 
which purpose six boats were provided to car- 
ry 40 men each. Col. Jackson led. Major 
Hendly of Charlestown with him. They were 
met by the enemy at the water's edge before 
they landed, who gave them a heavy fire. 
Notwithstanding this the Col. landed with the 
party in his Ix^t, gave them battle and com- 
pelled them to retreat, called to the other boats 
to push and land, but the scoundrels, coward- 

(3) 



like, retreated back and left him and his party 
to fall a sacrifice. The enemy seeing this, 
150 of them rushed out of the woods and at- 
tacked them again at 30 yards distance. 
Jackson with his little party nobly defended 
the ground until every man but eight was 
killed on the spot, and himself wounded, be- 
fore he ordered a retreat. Major Hendly car- 
rying off Col. Jackson was shot dead as he 
was putting him into the boat, and not a sin- 
gle man of the 8 but what was wounded/ 
One of them died at the oar before they land- 
ed on the Main. The offioers who command- 
ed the other boats are all under arrest and 
will be tried for their lives. In short if some 
example is not made of such rascally conduct, 
there will be no encouragement for men of 
spirit to exert themselves. A.s the case now 
is they will always fall a sacrifice, while such 
low-lived scoundrels, that have neither Hon- 
our nor the Good of their Country at heart, 
will skulk behind and get off clear. 

Tours &c., 

JOHN GLOVER. 



The two following letters are taken from 
the American Archives, 5th series. Vol. II. 

EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM COLONEL 
GLOVER, DATED 

Milk Square, Oct. 22, 1776. 
You no doubt heard the enemy landed all 
their army on Frog^i Point the 11th instant, 
leaving only twelve hundred men in Torkt 
and there remained until the 18th, which was 
Friday, I arose early in the morning and 
wc^t on the hill with my glass, and discovered 
a number of ships in the Sound under way ; 
in n short time saw the boats, upwards of two 
hundred sail, all manned and formed in four 
grand divisions. I immediately sent off Ma- 
jor Lee express to Gen. Lee^ who was about 
three miles distant, and without waiting his 
orders, turned out the brigade I have the hon- 
our to command, and very luckily for us I did, 
as it turned out afterwards, the enemy having 
stole a march one and a half miles on us. I 
marched down to oppose their landing with 
about seven hundred and fifty men, and three 



p-^"2i 



18 



field-pieces, but had not gone more than half 
the distance before I met their advanced guard 
about thirty men ; upon which I detached a 
Captain's guard of forty men to meet them, 
while I could dispose of the main body to ad- 
vantage. This plan succeeded very well, as 
you will hereafter see. The enemy had the 
advantage of us, being posted on an eminence 
which commanded the around we had to march 
over. However, I did the best I could, and 
disposed of my little party to the best of my 
judgment ; Colonel Reed^s on the left of the 
road, Colonel Shepherd** in the rear and to 
the right of him, Colonel BaXdwin^e in the 
rear and on the right of Shepherd^ g, my own 
regiment commanded by Captain Courtis (Col- 
onel JahonnotheingBicky and Major Zm being 
Brigade Major,) bringing up the rear with 
the three field-pieces of artillery. Thus dis- 
posed of, I rode forward — fob ! the anxiety of 
mind I was then in for the fate of the day, — 
the lives of seven hundred and fifty men im- 
mediately at hazard, and under Grod their pres- 
ervation entirely depended on their being well 
disposed of; besides thb, my country, my hon- 
our, my own life, and every thing that was 
dear, appeared at that critical moment to be 
at stake — I would have given a thousand 
worlds to have had General Lee, or some oth- 
er experienced ofiicer present, to direct, or at 
least to approve of what I had done — looked 
around, out could see none, they all being 
three miles from me, and the action came on 
so sudden it was out of their power to be with 
me,) — to the advance guard, and onlercd them 
to advance, who did, within fifly yards, and 
received their fire without the loss of a man ; 
we returned it, and foil four of them, and kept 
the ground till we exchanged five rounds. 
Their body being much larger than mine, and 
having two men killed and pevcral wounded, 
which weakened my party, the enemy pushing 
forward not more than thirty yards distant, 
I ordered a retreat, which was masterly well 
done by the Captain who commanded the par- 
ty. The enemy gave a shout and advanced ; 
Colonel Seed's, laying under cover of a stone 
fall undiscovered till they came within thirty 
ards, then rose up and gave them the whole 
barge ; the enemy broke and retreated for 



the main body to come up. In this ntuAtioo 
we remained about an hour and a half, when 
they appeared about four thousand, with sev- 
en pieces of artillery : they now advance, keep 
ing up a constant firing of artillery ; we kept 
our post under cover of the stone wall before 
mentioned till they came within fifty yards of 
us, rose up and gave them the whole charge 
of the battalion ; they halted and returned the 
fire with showers of musketiy and cannoa 
balls. We exchanged seven rounds at thii> 
post, retreated and formed in the rear of Col. 
Shepherd and on his left ; they then shouted 
and pushed on till they came on Shepherd, 
posted behind a fine double stone wall ; he 
rose up and fired by grand divisions, by which 
be kept up a constant fire, and maintained his 
post till he exchanged seventeen rounds with 
them, and caused them to retreat several 
times ; once in particular so for that a soldier 
of Colonel Shepherd's leaped over the wall 
and took a hat and canteen off of a Captain 
that lay dead on the ground they retreated 
from. However, their body being so much 
larger than ours, we were for the preservation 
of the men forced to retreat, and formed in 
the rear of Bcddwin's regiment; they then 
came up to Baldmn^s, but the ground being 
much in their favour, and their heavy train 
of artillery, we could do but little beforo we 
retreated to the bottom of the hill, and had to 
pass through a run of water, (^the bridge I had 
taken up before,) and then marched up a hill 
the opposite side of the creek, where I left my 
artillery ; the ground being rough and much 
broken I was afraid to rit^k it over. The en- 
emy halted, and played away their artillery at 
ns, and wo at them, till night, without any dam- 
age on our side, and but very little on theirs. 
At dark we came oflT, and marched about 
three miles, leading to DoWs Ferry, after 
fighting all day without victuals or drink, lay- 
ing as a picket all night, the heavens over us 
and the earth under us, which was all wehai), 
having left our baggage at the old encamp- 
ment we left in the morning. The next morn- 
ing marched over to Mue Square. I had 
eight men killed and thirteen wounded, among 
which was Colonel Shepherd, a brave officer. 
Sunday, General Lee sent for and informed 



19 



me there were two hundred barrels of pork and 
flour at JEatt Ohetter, if the enemy had not 
taken it: would be glad I would think of 
some way to bring it oflT. I sent out and 
pressed fifteen wagons, and at night turned 
out the whole brigade, and went down so nigh 
the enemy we heard their musick and talk 
veiy plain, and brought off the whole. 

Wednesday, sent out a scouting party, prin- 
cipally from my own regiment, who met with 
a party of ffesfiane, and attacked them, kill- 
ed twelve and took three prisoners; one of 
the slain was an officer of rank, on horseback; 
the horse was taken and brought off. We 
had one man mortally wounded, of Colonel 
BaUtwin^e regiment. 

Sunday y the enemy struok their tents, and 
were on a march in two colums, one to the 
right, and the other to the left, towards the 
North River. General Lee immediately gave 
orders for his division, which consisted of eight 
thousand men, to march for Nartk-Oastk, to 
take the ground to the eastward and north of 
them, about fourteen miles distance. We had 
not marched more than three miles before we 
saw the right column advancing in a cross 
road to out us off, not more than three quar- 
ters of a mile distance ; this being our situation, 
eight thousand men on the road with their bag- 
gage, artillery, and one hundred and fifty wag- 
ons, filled the road for four miles. We then 
turned off and marched by DoWe Ferry road, 
and got into Wliite-Plain* about ten o'clock 
Monday morning, after being out all night. 
We left General M^DougaiVe brigade posted 
on a height between the enemy and us, to cover 
our march. About twelve o'ck)ck they at- 
tacked him with a heavy column, supported 
with, twelve pieces of artillery, who pressed 
him 60 hard tie was obliged to retreat, having 
twenty men killed and about forty wounded, 
and wholly from their artillery. 

I am posted on a mountain, commanding 
the roads to Albany and New England; the 
enemy on one opposite, about one mile dis- 
tance. We expect an attack every moment ; 
I don't care how soon, as I am very certain, 
with the blessing of God, we shall give them a 
drubbing. Where you will hear from me 
next is very uncertain. 



JfiXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM FORT LBK, 
(LATE FORT CONSTITDTIOK, BUI KOW ALTER- 
ED B7 GENERAL ORDERS,) DATED OCTOBER 
19, 1776. 

*' Yesterday's afiair was honourable to us. 
Three regiments. Glover's, Heed's, and Shep- 
herd's, of Massachusetts, under Colonel Glover, 
who commanded the brigade, were advanced 
under cover to receive the enemy, marching 
out towards the country. Coloi|el Shepherd 
was well covered under a wall, and at thirty 
or forty yards gave their Grenadiers and In- 
fantry an unexpected heavy fire, then a sec- 
ond, and thiro, which broke tbe enemy so 
much that they ran away as fast as they could, 
in confusion. They returned with field-pieces 
and outflanked our party, which occasioned 
our people to retreat to a short distance, where 
they rallied well and kept their ground against 
thdr cannonade and numbers. Our men be- 
haved with remarkable spirit and coolness, 
and I think are in a g0€Kl way to do ^reat 
things. We lost a few, thirty or forty killed 
and wounded, Two deserters from the enemy 
say they lost one thousand, but really I have 
the best opinions to believe they lost one hun- 
dred and fifty or upwards, as our men fired 
with great coolness at a good distance. They 
are trying to surround us. It won't be easy ; 
and I am mistaken if they don't meet 
some severe rubbers." 

In a letter, dated North Castle, Nov. 14, 
1776, Col. Glover describes the attack of the 
British under Gen. Leslie upon the right of 
the American army at White Plains on the 
28th and 29th of October. Gen. M*Dougal 
with about 1600 men was posted on Chatter- 
ton's Hill on the west side of the river Bronx. 
G«n. Leslie and Col. Rahl were ordered to 
dislodge him . Four regiments of militia, upon 
the approach of the British cavalry, ran away, 
leaving Gen. M'Dougal with only 600 men, 
with these he defended the hill for about an 
hour, against the whole fire of twelve pieces 
of artillery, and of musketry and cavalry, 
with the loss of forty-seven men killed and 
seventy wounded. On the morning of the 



20 



next day, the 29th, the British made an at- 
tack upon a hill, where Col. Glover command- 
ed. Glover had one brass twenty-four, a six, 
and a three pounder, and three iron twelve 
pounders. The enemy's line extended as far 
as he coidd see from right to left, appai^ 
ently about 12,000 men. They approach in 
four columns, the cavalry and artilleiy in front, 
till within about three quarters of a mile of 
the hill, then file off to the left to take post on 
a hill to the right of Glover, which overlooks 
the one he is posted on : he reserves his fire, 
until they get into the valley between the two 
hills, when he brings his guns to bear upon 
them, beginning with the three pounder, and 
reserving the brass twenty four pounder till 
the last. The British were put into such con- 
fusion, they were compelled to retreat. Gen. 
Leslie lost in this affiiir 28 killed and 127 
wounded. 

After this, Glover's brigade was stationed 
at North Castle, under Gen. Lee, until the 
last of November, when it was ordered, with 
the rest of Lee's divimon, to join Gen.. Wash- 
ington. Washington, who was then retreat- 
ing across the state of New Jersey, had but 
the remnant of an army, and, to use his own 
words, nothing but the *' infatuation of the en- 
emy" prevented even that remnant from be- 
ing utterly destroyed. 

When Lord Comwallis reached the Del- 
aware, the rear guard of the American army 
had just gained ther opposite shore, at about 
twelve o'clock on the night of the 8th of De- 
cember. On the 10th Washington had but 
1700 men ; but in a few days Lee's division 
of more than 8000 men joined him under Gen. 
Sullivan (Lee having been captured on the 
13th while on the march in New Jersey.) 
Fhe Republican cause was now desperate 
indeed, but this reinforcement encouraged 



Washington to undertake that glorious enter- 
prise, the recrossing the Delaware and the at- 
tack upon Trenton, which, resulting in such 
success, changed, as if by magic, the whole 
aspect of affairs. 

When this movement was decided upon, 
Washington sent to the Camp for volunteers. 
Col . Glover had the honor of being the first 
to send back the answer "all ready;" and 
again his brave and hardy soldiers were se^ 
looted to perform the most difficult part of 
theundertaking,the transportation of the troops 
and artillery across the swollen and rapid Del- 
aware, filled with broken and floating ice. 

The night (Dec. 25th,) was intensely cold 
and wintry, and snow and sleet added to the 
difficulty of the passage ; two or three soldiers 
were frosen to death ; yet the men woriced 
cheerfully and successfully, animated by the 
presence of Washington, who himself shared 
all their toils and sufferings. The passage 
was effected before daybreak, and by fbur 
o'clock the troops took up their line of march, 
Glover's Brigade leading the advance. One 
of his Captains, his son John Glover, discov- 
ered that the arms had been rendered unfit 
for use by the storm ; this was immediately 
reported to Washington. Uis answer was 
•• advance and charge.^'* 

At daybreak they reached Trenton, which 
they immediately attacked in two divisions. 
The enemy having lost their artillery by the 
surprise, and perceiving that they were sur- 
rounded and must be cut to pieces, surrend- 
ered. 918* prisoners with all their ammuni- 
tion were captured. From this time hope 
dawned upon the Americans,^ while the British 
Army was filled with such consternation, that 
its Generals found it necessary to abandon 

* Wilkin8on'8 Meinoirf« Vol 1, 138. 



21 



New Jersey, and retreat to New York; and 
the campaign, which hitherto had heen bo die- 
astrons, ended in victory and honor for the 
canee of Freedom. 

The (bUowing extract from a speech in the 
Haasachneetts Legislature by Gen. Knox, 
who was chief of artilleiy in the aflbir at Tren- 
ton, is the only instance where justice appears 
to have been done to the bra?e men of Mar- 
blehead who rendered such good service on 
that memorable night. 

Sir: I wish the members of this body knew 
the people of Marbleheadas well as I do — I 
could wish that they had stood on the banks 
of the Delaware river in 1776 in that bitter 
night when the Commander in Chief had 
drawn up his little army to cross it, and had 
seen the powerful current bearing onward the 
floating masses of ice, which threatened de- 
\ struction to whosoever should venture upon 
^ 1^ , its bosom. I wish that when this occur- 
rence threatened to defeat the enterorise, 
they could have heard that distinguished 
warrior demand " Who will lead us onf and 
seen the men of Marblehead, and Marblehead 
alone, stand forward to lead the army along 
the perilous path to unfading glories and 
honors in the achievements of Trenton. 
There, Sir, went the fishermen of Marble- 
head, alike at home upon land or water, alike 
ardent, patriotic and unflinching, whenever 
they unfurled the flag of the country. ^^ 

Thus for the second time the American 
Army owed its preservation to the strong 
arms and unflinching courage of Glover and 
his Marblehead flshermen. It is said that 
•^^^ the evening before the 25 th Washington 
called a council of officers, and laid before 
them his plan, stating that the only difficulty 
was the apparent impossibility of crossing 
the river at that time ; upon which Col. Glov- 
er, addressing the Commander in Chief, said: 



* Report on tlie fisheries, T^orcnio Sabine, S02. 



'* You need not be troubled about that^ Gen- 
eral, my boys can manage it" 

Soon after the battle of Trenton, Glover 
returned home to Marblehead for the pur- 
pose of attending to his private afiairs. 

On the 21st of February, 1777, he was 
appointed by Congress, Brigadier GkneraL 
This honor he at first declined, influenced 
partly by a modest reluctance to assume 
any high position, and partly by an anxious 
regard for the welfare of his family. His 
property had been so much sacrificed by hi^ 
sudden departure, and long absence frotx^ 
home, that it was with difficulty he couX^ 
find means of support for his wife, andeigl^^ 
children, of whom the eldest was then ba^^ 
fifteen years. The following letter, written 
by Washington, is of itself a monument to 
his memory. 

'' Headquartirs, MoRRimowN, 
26 April, 1777. 

Sir: 

After the conversations I had 
with you before you left the army last win- 
ter, I was not a little surprised it the con- 
tents of yours of the 1st instant. As I had 
not the least doubt but you would accept of 
the commission of Brigadier, if conferred 
upon you by Congress, I put your name down 
in the list of those, whom I thought proper 
for the command, and whom I wished to see 
preferred. Diffidence in an officer is a good 
mark, because he will always endeavour to 
bring himself up to what he conceives to be 
the Ml line of his duty; but I think I may 
tell you without flattery, that 1 know of no 
man better qualified than you to con- 
duct a Brigade. You have activity and in- 
dustry ; and as you very well know the duty 
of a colonel, you know how to exact that 
duty from others. 

I have with great concern observed the al- 
most universal listlessness, that prevails 
throughout the continent; and I believe that 
nothing has contributed to it more than the 



} 



22 



resigDation of offioers, who stepped early for- 
wiurd and led the people into the great cause, 
in which we are too deeply embarked to look 
back, or to hope for any other terms than 
those we can gain by the sword. Can* any 
resistance be expected from the people, when 
deserted by their leaders? Oar enemies 
count upon the resignation of every officer of 
rank at this time, as a distrust of and deser- 
tion from the cause, and rejoice accordingly. 
When you consider these matters, [ hope you 
will thinly no more of private inconveniences, 
but that you will, with all expedition, come 
forward and take that command which has 
been assigned to you. As I fully depend 
upon seeing you, 1 shall not mention any- 
thing that has passed between us upon this 
subject to the Congress. 

I am Sir, 
Your most humble Servant, 

GEORGE WASHINGTON. 

Grnkral Gxavbr."^ 

Immediately upon the receipt of this let- 
ter. Glover, yielding to the request of Wash- 
ington, accepted the appointment of Brigadier 
and left his home to rejoin the army at Pecks- 
kill. He arrived there, June 14, and took 
command under Gren. Putnam, who had but 
3000 Continental troops, 2000 of which were 
crossing the North river to join Gen. Wash- 
ington. Gen. Glover at this time did impor- 
tant, service in resisting the encroachments 
of the enemy at New York, and also in urg- 
ing the forwarding of men and supplies from 
Massachusetts. Besides this he was in con- 
stant correspondence with Washington, and 
with Schuyler, Heath, Timothy Pickering, 
James Warren, and other leading men, part 
of which is here given : 

Pebkskill, 15th June, 1777. 
Dear^Sir : 

This will inform your Excellen- 
cy I arrived at this place yesterday. Rec'd 

* (Copied from the original.) 



Gren. Putnam's orders to march my Brigade 
to Head Quarters. Upon enquiring into the 
state of the troops, found them in a most 
shocking condition, without coats, breeches, 
stockings or shoes; many of them having 
nothing but a frock and blanket to cover 
their nakedness. 

Col. Wigglesworth's and Swift's Kegiments 
are without tents, nor are there any to be had 
here. I have ordered the troops to be ready 
to march upon the shortest notice, and had 
the men tents to cover them and clothes, I 
should cross the North Biver to-morrow. 

I beg leave to recommend to your Excel- 
lency Mr. Fosdick, a young gentleman who 
served as adjutant in my Regiment in 1775 
and 1776, for a Brigade Major He is a dil- 
igent, active young man and a good discipli- 
narian, and I flatter myself will do the duty 
exceedingly well. 

I am with great esteem 

your ExceU'ys most Obed't hum. Serv't, 

JOHN GLOVER 

To his Excellency Gbn. Washington. 



Head Quartibs, Middlib Brook 
20th June, 1777 



"•} 



Sir: 

The enemy decamped the night be- 
fore last, and have returned to their former 
position from Amboy to Brunswick. This 
appears to have been in consequence of a sud- 
den resolution, as they had been employed 
in raising a chain of redoubts from Somerset 
to Brunswick ; which they would not have 
done, had they at first intended to abandon 
their new ground in so short a time. What 
may have determined them to change their 
plans it is hard to tell. Whether they 
might have been alarmed by the animation 
among the people, which brought them to- 
gether in considerable numbers, and disap- 
pointed in the movements they may have ex- 
pected to make, thence concluding their de- 
sign impracticable; or whether they may 
have an operation against some other quar- 
ter in view, the event must show. In the 



28 



meantime I think it neoeaeary to be upon our 
guard against any sudden expedition up the 
North river, and therefore desire you will, 
if you have advanced any distance from 
Peekskill, halt where you are and proceed no 
further; if you are near that post return to 
it, or if you have not crossed the river you 
are of course to continue where you are. 

I am Sir 

your most Obod't servant, 

G. WASHINGTON. 
B. Gbn. Glovbr. 



PuKSKiLL, June 21st, 1777. 

Sir : I received your favour of yesterday ; 
was preparing to cross the river this morn- 
ing, but am now halted, and shall remain at 
this post till otherwise ordered. 

I am Your Excell'ys most Obed't 
humble Serv't 

JOHN GLOVER 
His Excellency Gbn. Washinqton. 



Pbbkskill, 1 7th June, 1777. 
Dear Sirs: 

This will inform you that Howe 
with his whole army quitted Brunswick Sat- 
urday morning last very early, and was on 
full march for the Delaware. He moved by 
three columns; one by Cranbury which is 
their left; one by the Post Road with their 
baggage, boats and the bridge tu throw over 
the River; in this column were between 5 
and 600 wagons. The right column march- 
ed by Millstone, which consisted of their 
Light Infantry and Grenadiers (with a pro- 
digious train of heavy artillery) supposed to 
be about 8000. Gen. Sullivan who was at 
Princeton, with about 2000 troops, according 
to orders, was retreating and skirmishing on 
their right column Saturday afternoon. 

Gen. Washington began his order of march 
Saturday night, at which time I apprehend 



the enemy was near Trenton Ferry. In my 
opinion Uiey will, effect their crossing the 
Delaware. However it is not certain they in- 
tended to cross there. Should they go high- 
er up to Gorreirs Ferry, which is nine miles 
further* it will give Gen. Washington more 
time to come up with them; should that be 
the case, I doubt whether he will be able to 
do much with his little body, which is only 
a handful compared to the enemy's whole 
Army. He will endeavor to harrass them. 
A general battle he will not risk. A defeat 
would be fatal to us. Should Howe get to 
Philadelphia, which I have great reason to 
fear he will, (for it*s not in our power to pre. 
vent him ; nor is it at a time tnat we have 
any reason to expect miracles to be wrought 
in our &vor,) we have nobody to blan^f> 
but ourselves. Had people of interest 
and influence attended to the public 
interest, we might have had-an- 4urmy now 
in the field that would bid defiance to Howe 
and his whole force, ^t Privateering and 
Stockjobbing (I am sorry to say it) has been 
the sole object of their attention. Is it not 
a shame that America, who boasted of her 
three millions, should be ravaged and sub- 
jugated by 1 8 or 20,000 poltroons ? Rouse, 
my fellow Countrymen, from vour sleepy 
lethargy, and come forth into the field and 
assist your brethren, who are jeoparding 
their lives for you, your wives and children, 
as well as for themselves ! 

We must and shall all share the same 
fate, either freemen or slaves; if there be 
any among you who plead inability, that 
ought not to be an excuse; here is a good 
school; if there be any that are timid and 
dare not come forth, (which I cannot sup- 
pose to be the character of any) let them 
exert themselves by hiring a good able bod- 
ied man, and see him well clothed and 
equipped, then hand him over to some offi- 
cer in the Continental service. This plan 
adopted and strictly adhered to, I am per- 
suaded would soon fill the army. How is 
it possible for a few recruiting officers to 
raise such an army as was ordered by Con- 
gress, and which was absolutely necessary 
to defend and secure the liberties of Amer- 



24 



ioa? Every man who has the good of his 
oountry and posterity at heart ought to put 
his shoulders to the burthen, and bear part 
of the weight; he that does not ought to be 
discarded and not suffered to breathe Amer- 
ican air. There's no man, let his abilities 
and ciroumstanoes be what they will, but 
is able to do something (in this day of 
difficulty and distress) for the good of his 
Country. 

I have always been a lover of the civil 
Law, and ever wished to see America gov- 
erned by it, but I am fully of the opinion 
that it would be the salvation of this Coun- 
\ try were Martial Law to take place, at least 
vfor 1 2 months, and Gen. Washington invest- 
^ with power to call forth (any or) all the 
m^le inhabitants (if wanted) at 24 hours 
notSoe; then instead of hearing the disagree- 
able odings that our army are fleeing before 
the enei ^j y9» would hear that they had 
compelled the enemy to quit this land, or 
had cut them to piec^ — ^ ^ " 

I am with esteem 

your assured friend and humble Sev't, 

JOHN GLOVKR. 

Co]. Jox*A Glovkr or Azor Ornb. Esq. 



which came by Express yesterday, in 6 hours, 
notwithstanding it is 70 miles at least. 

I am to march with my Brigade for East 
Chester with two pieces of artillery, to-mor- 
row, and encamp within about three miles 
of Fort Independence, an advance post, 
at least 30 miles from Peekskill and about 
18 from York; don't expect to tarry long 
there ; such is the fluctuating situation of 
our Army, that we cannot tell this day 
where we shall be the next, and this ever will 
be the case while the enemy commands the 
River, by which they can bring their whole 
force to one single point, with great ease, 
and in a very little time — ° ^ ° 

Your assured friend 

and very humble Servant, 

JOHN GLOVEK 

Col. Jox'a GiiOVKR or Azor Orne, Esq. 



Peekskill, 22nd June, 1777. 

Dear Sirs : 

The Ship, two tenders and two 
row-galleys mentioned in my last, of the 1 7 th 
Ins't, have gone back to Spitting Devil Creek. 
Howe, after marching out from Brunswick 
with an apparent design to cross the Dela- 
ware, having boats, bridges and everything 
necessary for the purpose, did nothing more 
towards it than forming a line from thence to 
Somerset Court house, about 9 miles, building 
a chain of redoubts on his right to secure him 
from an attack ; he remained there 5 days 
and then sneaked off by night (and it is well 
he did, for had he gone by day, we could 
only have looked at him)^ and returned back 
to Brunswick again, as you will see by the 
enclosed letter from Gen. Washington to me. 

• (See Gordon, II, 472.) 



Peekskill, 2nd July 1777. 
Dear Sir: 

The enclosed is a copy of General 
Washington's letter to Genend Putnam, by 
which you will see it is his opinion, that Gen- 
eral Howe will soon make an attack on this 
post. It is therefore of the utmost impor- 
tance that the troops of our State come for- 
ward immediately, i hope no time will be 
lost; much is at stake. We are in no condi- 
tion to prevent their penetrating through the 
Highlands unless speedily re-enforced. 

I am, Dear Sir, yours Respectfully, 

JOHN GLOVER, R Gen. 

To the Hon*bl Major Gen. Heath. 



P. S. Lest you should not have received 
any advice from our Northern army, and be 
at a loss to know what his Excellency means 
by ** Intelligence contained in copies of let- 
ters transmitted to him by Gen. Putnam,*^ 
I have enclosed the copies therein referred 
to, which with the others be pleased to com- 
municate to our Qtenl Court, and excuse mj 
not writing to them. 

I am Dear Sir yours, &c., 

JOHN GLOVER. 



-25 



Pkbkskill, 23dJulj, 1777. 
Dear Sir: 

I this day received orders from his 
Excellency Gen. Washington, tore-enforce 
Gen. Schuyler with my Brigade. You will 
therefore please to release the party I sent 
you the other day to man the ships, which 
consists of 2 Sub'ns, 2 Serg'ts, 2 Gorp's and 
34 men. Your compliance herewith will 
much oblige yours &c., 

JOHN GLOVER, B. Gen. 

To Grn. Gbo. Cuntox. 



Dear Sir: 



Pekkskill, 25th July, 1777. 

This will inform you, the enemy's 
Fleet sailed from the Hook the 23d, in conse- 
quence of which Gen. Sullivan's and Lord 
Stirling's Divisions crossed the North River, 
by Gen. Washington's order, for Philadel- 
phia this morning, but 1 must confess 1 ex- 
pect them back again. The enemy's conduct 
is exceedingly embarrassing to us; they 
have for two weeks past been collecting all 
the seamen that have . any knowledge of the 
Southern coasts ; from this we supposed their 
design is in that quarter; but last evening 
we took a Mr. Williams at the White Plains, 
from New York, who was sent by Qen. Howe 
with a letter to Grcn. Burgoyne at Fort Kd 
ward acknowledging the receipt of his letter 
of the 14th of May, and advising he (Ho«>e) 
was all ready for sailing, and should make 
an attack upon Boston, in which he is to co-op- 
erate from the Northward, and flatters him- 
self he shall not meet with much difliculty, 
as he supposes the Rebel Army was now col- 
lected at such a distance from that place, 
that an easy conquest might be made. 

The letter referred to was sent off to Gkn. 
Washington 12 o'clock last night, about :^8 
miles distance. An express came in from him 
this morning 8 o'clock, with orders for the 
two Divisions before mentioned to join him ; 
this Express met the one sent off with Howe's 
letter 10 miles on his way; how far this in- 
telligence will operate with Gen. Washington 
I am not able to say, but taking all circum- 
stances together (which are too many to 

(4) 



enumerate) all the General Officers on this 
side the North River are fully of the opinion, 
Boston is their mark. Should Gen. Wash- 
ington favour this opinion he will be on with 
his whole army, except my Brigade, which 
is now embarked and waiting for a wind for 
Albany, and one Brigade which will be left 
at this post 

1 t's one of the first principles in war to de- 
teive. Howe has taken great pains to do 
this in many circumstances; his expedition 
ho keeps as a profound secret, at the same 
time offers great encouragement for pilots to 
the Southward, ^ves prisoners an opportu- 
nity to escape, with a design that this may 
be known to General Washington, then sends 
a fleet of Ships, about 30 sail, through the 
Sound, and at the same time sends 4 armed 
ships and row-galleys up the North River, 
as if they design to stop the troops crossing 
from the west to the cast side of the River; 
then lavs still 10 days, sends out Williams 
with the letter before mentioned, and the 
next day sails from the Hook with his whole 
fleet consisting of 1 70 sail. These manoeu- 
vres are intended to baffle and deceive us. 
1 wish the effect may not prove it If his 
object was Philadelphia, would he not have 
procured pilots in a more private manner; on 
the other hand, if Boston, would he have 
sent Mr. Williaiiis, a young gentleman of 
York, who is a staunch friend to America, 
as appears by his being confined in the Pro- 
vost guard (and other favorable circumstan- 
ces) two weeks before he was engaged on 
this errand — taken out and the next day 
sent off by Major Sheriff, and sent in such a 
way and by such a road that he could not 
but have fallen into our handft. However, 
he, like an honest man, inquired for our 
guards and gave himself up. He received 
6 half Joannes and was recommended to 
Gen. Burgoyne for a further reward. From 
his coming out in this open way, we suppose 
it was designed he should fall into our hands, 
and that we should not pay any attention to 
it. At the same time, sent off one Taylor 
of middling stature, dark complexion, short 
brown hair, blue camblet coat, white lappels, 
who we expect will get through, as he has 




26 



been employed in that way for several months 
past with sucoess, having returned from that 
Quarter but a day or two before Mr. Wil- 
liams left York. 

I conceived it my duty to give the earliest 
intelligence. The wisdom of the Assembly 
will take such measures as to them shall 
seem most advisable for the safety of the 
State. 1 would not be understood to dictate, 
but, Sir, give me leave to say, I think it 
advisable the militia be immediately put on 
the most respectable footing, with arms, am- 
munition and provision ready to march at a 
moment's warning. By all means meet them 
if possible at their first landing ; you will 
be supported by the CSontinental Army. 

If a general battle comes on, one or the 
other must be conquered. If it should be 
our unhappy lot, (which Grod forbid) wo 
must be slaves, which is worse than death. 
We can but die in conquering them, which 
will bo dying gloriously. This idea properly 
held up, I think would stimulate ministers 
and people to come forth in defence of their 
Country. The man who refuses, be he who 
he may, ought to be deemed an enemy to 
his Country and dealt with accordingly. 

I am, Sir, with Esteem and Bespcct 
yr. most Obed't humble Serv't, 

JOHN GLOVER. 
Hon'ble Jas. Wabrbx Esq. 



Pkekskill, 28th July, 1777, ) 
Sunday 5 o*clock. j 
Dear Sir: 

I wrote you the 25 th inst., since 
which two Brigades have been ordered from 
this Post to join Gen. Washington, who with 
his army are on full march for Philadelphia ; 
was at Morristown last night. This day 
an express from Gen. Silliman of Fairfield 
in Connecticut, who advises that upwards of 
100 Sail of Ships passed by Blue point on 
Long Island, on Thursday last, which is 50 
miles east of the Hook — steering an east 
course. If this be true (which I have not 
the least doubt of) I imagine they will be 
with you, ere this reaches you. 



My Brigade sailed for Albany yesterday. 
I set ofi^ to join them on the morrow. 

I am Dear Sir, respectfully 
Yours &c., 

JOHN GLOVEB. 
Honorable Jas Warren Esq. 



Pbbskill, July 28th, 1777. 
Dear Sir: 

* * * I set oflT for Albany this day, 
whore I expect to meet my Ikigade, which 
embarked yesterday. Should the Enemy be 
gone to N. England, which from many cir- 
cumstances I verily believe they are, I shall 
be very unhappy ; beg you would use your 
influence to have me recalled, and join that 
part of the Army that is to oppose them. 

I am, with Esteem, Yours &c., 

JOHN GLOVER. 

Tim. Pickering Esq. \ 
Adjutant General. ) 



Stillwater, 6th August, 1777, ) 
24 miles above Albany. ) 
Dear Sir : 

This will inform you we left Sara- 
toga the 3d at night, bringing off all our stores 
of every kind, with large droves of cattle, 
sheep and hogs. 

We arrived here at 3 o'clock in the morn- 
ing of the 4th. During the three days at 
Saratoga we were constantly (night and day) 
in an alarm ; our scouting parties a great part 
of the time cut off, killed, scalped and taken 
prisoners. The day we left it, our scouts 
were all drove in by the Indians, and two 
men were brought to my Quarters, one of them 
scalped ; it appeared they had not been dead 
more than half an hour. I immediately de- 
tached 400 men from my Brigade to scour 
the woods, where they remained till 4 o'clock ; 
saw nothing of the enemy > save three blankets 
supposed to be left by them. 

We have had 25 or 30 men killed and 
scalped and as many more taken prisoners 
within 4 days. This strikes a panic on our 
men : which is not to be wondered at, when 



27 



we ooDfiider the hazard thej run, as scouts, 
by being fired at from all quarters, (and the 
woods so thick they can't see three yards be- 
fore them) and then to hear the cursed war 
hoop which makes the woods ring for miles. 
Our anny at this Post is weak and shattered, 
much confused, and the numbers by no means 
equal to the enemy ; nor is there the least 
probability of a re-enforcement ; our artillery, 
4 pounders, the enemy's, 6, 12, 18, ft 24 
pounders. Their flying camp, as they call 
It, is now at Fort Edward, 24 miles from 
this; which consists of 3000 British troops, 
600 Indians, 1000 Tories, and 200 Cana- 
dians, with 8 fiekl-pieces, 4 howitzers, and 
200 wagons for their baggage. Their main 
body 5000 men are at ]^t Ann, 14 miles 
from Fort Edward, with their heavy artillery. 
This moment brought in by our scouts, two 
Tories in the enemy s service ; they left Fort 
Edward on Sunday last ; they say some Hes- 
sians, with some heavy artillery from Fort 
Ann, got in that day ; and that the flying 
camp were to begin their march for Saratoga 
in three days. 

This day Col. Long from New Hampshire 
leaves us with his B«g't of 200 men ; their 
time being out, nothing will induce them to 
stay one day longer. The 10th inst. 500 
men go oflT from Gkn. Poor's Brigade, militia 
from the County of Hampshire. The 12th, 
600 men go off from Gen. Nixon's Brigade, 
militia from the County of Berkshire. We 
then shall have left 14 Beg'ts from the State 
of Massachusetts (Bigelow's not yet in) which 
consist of about 150 rank and file fit for duty 
each; three Beg'ts from New Hampshire 
560 men, and one from New York 150 men. 
Thus yo« see the whole strength of the army 
at this post, will be about 3000 men (that 
will be on the ground the 12th inst., unless 
some re-enforoements come in) to oppose the 
enemy, who from the best accounts we can 
collect are at least 8000, and every day grow- 
ing stronger, by the disaffected inhabitants 
joining them, and ours growing weaker. * * 
I have endeavored to give you the true state 
of our Army at this place. A re-enforcement 
lays with you and not with us; if we fly be- 
fere the enemy it will be for want of men ; 



you may rely on it, we shall not turn our 
backs on equal numbers. 

Gen. Schuyler tells me, he has written to 
the Assembly of our State repeatedly, but 
has not received an answer. We have an ac- 
count of Gen. Howe's first Division being 
landed at New Castle; if this be true, your 
fears of an attack in your Quarter must sub- 
side; that being the case, I hope you will 
send on a re-enforcement immediately. Pray 
let no time be lost, a day's delay may be fa- 
tal to America Let the body be as large as 
can possibly be collected, furnished with arms 
and accoutrements ; there are none to be had 
here. Let some vigilant persons come on 
fore them to provide provisions, wagons-j^c. 
The marching of the troops has been much 
retarded for want of such a regulation. 

I am Yours &c., 

JOHN GLOVER. 

Honorable Jas. Warren, Esq. 

P. S. As I could not tell whether the 
House was sitdng, (in that case doubting 
whether the letter would come to your knowl- 
edge) I have sent you the copy, that you 
may be ac(j[uainted with our situation. 

J. 6. 



} 



Van Scuaiok's Island, 
Aug. 22, 1777. 
Dear Gen'l. 

I received your esteemed favour of yesterday 
with the wine, pipes, tobacco and butter, all 
of which is very acceptable, being quite desti- 
tute of those articles. Please to accept my 
grateful acknowledgments for them. Gen. 
Gates is busy making preparations to advance, 
but, I believe, has not the least design to 
move until properly re-enforced. Scouting 
parties kept out ; some returned last night ; no 
account of the enemy's advancing this side 
of Saratoga. 

Adieu my dear Genl. and believe 

me to be with Esteem and Bespect 

yr. roost obed't humble ser't 

JOHN GLOVEB. 

Hon. Major Gen. Schuylbr, Albany. 



28 



Van Sciiaick's Island, ) 
Aug. 27, 1777. I 
Dear Gen'l. 

Agreeable to your order I sent for Jacob 
Van Derwerkin and Sheboleth Bogardus, both 
of whom were desirous of speaking with your 
honour. I have therefore sent thera on under 
a sergeant's guard. 

I am Respectfully, yr. Honour's 

most Obed't. hum. Serv't. 

JOHN GLOVER 

Hon'ble Maj. Gen. Gates. 



Van Schaick's Island, > 
5th Sept. 1777. f 
Drak Stbs. 

I wrote you the 31st ult. suice 
which nothing extraordinary has happened. 

Gen. Arnold from the Westward has joined 
us, & Col. Morgan from the Southward, with 
his Regiment of Rifle men. Two hundred 
Light Horse from Connecticut, who say the 
foot militia are coming on from that State. 
I hear the militia are on their way from Mas- 
sachusetts — not any got in yet. When in 
force we shall move on towards the enemy. 
I think matters look fair on our side & I have 
not the least doubt of beating or compelling 
Mr, Burgoyne to return back at least to Ti- 
conderoga, if not to Canada. His situation 
is dangerous, which he must see & know if ho 
is not blind, and if he is not strong enough to 
move down to fight us, ho cannot remain 
whore he is without giving us a great advan- 
tage. We shall move on in three columns. 

Gen. Gates commands the Center Division 
which is composed of Nixon's, (who is sick at 
Albany) Glover's and Patterson's Brigades. 

Gen. Lincoln the Right, who commands 
the militia. He detaches 1000 men under 
Gen. Stark, who moves on the East side of 
the river, & is to keep his Front parallel with 
Center Division (his main body files off to the 
Right, and will endeavour to get in the Rear of 
the enemy) which marches by the great road 
from Albany on the West side. 

Gen Arnold, with Gen. Poor's & Larned's 



lirigades, Morgan's battn. of Rifle men, Cort- 
landt's & Livmgston's regts. from the State 
of New York, is the Left, — who crosses the Mo- 
hawk river, and takes his route the North side 
of Saratoga Lake, & will endeavour to form a 
junction with Gen. Lincoln, while we attack 
in Front. 

We leave all our baggage behind. Our 
first post is Stillwater 11 miles from the ene- 
my. We shall make a short stay at that 
place & then move on & attack the enemy — 
God grant us success. We shall be all ready 
by the 10th & if the militia gets in, you may 
depend on our marching forward that day. 
Our troops are healthy & in good spirits, but 
poorly shod & clothed, & many without blank- 
ets. 

The Hon. Brig. Gen. Palmer and Doctor 
Taylor are witnesses of this, as they have had 
an opportunity of seeing for themselves. 

I should have been happy to have seen 
more of my friends with them, particularly 
Messrs. Glover, Ome and G«rry, who, (if I 
mistake not) gave me some encouragement, 
when I left them, but being engaged in the 
Public Service has prevented, ihave too 
much charity to suppose private interest, or 
the fear of a little fatigue has kept them back. 
When matters look gloomy, it has a fine effect 
(it gives a spring, and animates our spirits) 
to have our friends to look at, and consult 
with ; at the same time they would have an 
opportunity of seeing for themselves, as well 
as seeing the pleasure we enjoy in a camp life ; 
but more of this the next Tuesday night's club, 
at a meeting when all the members are 
present, a good fire, pipes, tobacco, wine and 
good punch — that's the place to talk matters 
over, not in this house made of hemp (I have 
quitted my log house mentioned in my last^ 
the walls and roof of which are so thin they 
need no windows, nor do they obstruct the 
rays of light, or the rain passing through in 
the least. 

I acknowledge the receipt of Col. Glover's 
letter from Wells, the only one received since I 
left Peekskill, notwithstanding a weekly Post 
comes from Boston to this place. 

The Phaeton therein mentioned, I beg he 
would make use of as freely as if it was his 




29 



owD ; at present don't incliDe to sell if, but 
shoald he not see me again, my desire is that 
be may have it, paying the valae to my wife, 
for her and the children's support. My com- 
pliments to your good ladies and families, and 
myxoid friends the Tuesday's club, including 
the Rev'd Messrs Whitwell and Story, one of 
whom I expected k should have been happy 
to have had as a Chaplain to my Brigade, for 
want of which must do my own preaching. 

They possibly can do more good at home, 
I'm sure they will not be so much exposed, 
& will live better. 

Adieu, my dear sir, & believe me to bo 
sincerely yr friend & most obed. scrvt. 

JOftN GLOVBR. 

Messrs Jon a. Glover k Azor Ornk Esqrs. 



Camp 3 M. above Stillwater, ) 
Sept. 2l8t, 1777. | 
Dear Sirs: 

I have ju.Ht time to inform you that the 
1 8th inst. we marched out with 8000 Inen to 
attack the enemy, who were encamped on the 
Heights about 2 miles from us ; found it not 
practicable as they had taken an advantageous 
post ; however we drew up in line, in full view 
of them, with a design to draw them out & 
there tarried till dark without doing any thing 
further. The next day (the 19th) sent out 
large scouting parties, some of which fell in 
with those of the enemy. A brisk firing 
came on; this happened about 1 o'clock. 
We reinforced till we had about 3000 engaged. 
The enemy re-onforced till they brought their 
whole force into action, consisting of 7000, 
Gen. Burgoyne at their bead, who was wound- 
ed through his shoulder. 

The battle was very hot till ^ past 2 o'cl'k ; 
ceased about half an hour, then renewed the 
attack. Both armies seemed determined to 
conquer or die. One continual blaze, with- 
out any intermission till dark, when by con- 
sent of both parties it ceased. During which 
time we several times drove them, took the 
ground, passing over great numbers of their 
dead and wounded. Took one field piece, 
but the woods and bush was so thick, & be- 
ing close pushed by another party of the ene- 



my coming up, was obliged to give up our 
prize. The enemy in their turn sometimes 
drove us. They were bold, intrepid and 
fought like heroes, and I do assure yoa Sirs, 
our men were equally bold and courageous k 
fought like men, fighting for their all. We 
have taken about 70 prisoners, among which 
arc two officers. 

By three deserters this moment come in, 
we are informed the enemy suffered much, hav- 
ing two Rcgt's almost cut off k that their killed 
wounded and missing were 700, among which 
were a great proportion of officers. 

We have 202 wounded, 101 killed and miss- 
ing, among whom is Lt. Cols. Cobwin and 
Adams & Lt. Thomas, Capt. Allen k Ensign 
Foster killed, Capt. Bell mortally wounded. 
A considerable number more were killed, 
whose names I have not been able to get. * * * 

We are in a very confused situation, which 
you must reasonably conceive. 

I am Sirs 

yr most obed. servt. 

JOHN GLOVER, 

Messrs J. Glover k A. Orne, Esqrs. 

N. B. Sent a copy of the above to Gen. 
Heath, and another to Col. Johonnot. 



} 



Camp 3 miles above Stillwater, 
29th Sept. 1777. 
Dear Sirs : 

Since my last letter to you we 
have had two flags of truce from the enemy, 
by which wo have received an account of their 
killed and wounded in the battle of the 19th, 
746, among which is a great proportion of offi- 
cers. But the truth has not come out yet, as 
I'm fully persuaded, k it's the opinion of all 
the Gen. Officers, that they must have suf- 
fered a great many more. 

We had 20 taken prisoners, of which seven 
were wounded. Gen. Burgojme sent a re- 
turn of their names by the flaff, with a very 
polite letter to Gen. Gates, who returned as 
polite a one, with a list of 70 prisoners, 30 
odd of which were wounded. These I think 
will ballance the 20. 



30 



We had 81 officers and men killed dead on 
the spot and 202 wounded, many of which 
are since dead, in the whole 803 — a very incon- 
siderable number, when we consider how hot 
the battle was & how long it continued , being 
6 hours without any intermission, saving about 
half an hour between 2 and 3 o'clock. 

The enemy have remained very quiet ever 
since at about one mile distance, not attempt- 
ing to advance one step. We are continual- 
ly harrasang them by driving their pickets, 
bringing off their horses &c. 

We have taken 30 prisoners since the bat- 
tle, and as many more deserted. 

Our men are in fine spirits, are very bold 
and daring, a proof of which I will give you 
in an instance two nights past. 

I ordered 100 men from my Brigade .to 
take off a picket of about 60 of the enemy, 
who were posted about half a mile from me, 
at the same time ordered a covering party of 
200 to support them This being the first en- 
terprise of this kind, & as it was proposed by 
me, I was very anxious for its success. I 
therefore went myself The night being very 
foggy and dark, could not find the enemy till 
after day. When I made the proper disposi- 
tion for the attack, they went on like so many 
tigers, bidding defiance to musket balls and 
bayonets. Drove the enemy, killed 3, and 
wounded a great number more, took one pris- 
oner, 8 Packs, 8 Blankets, 2 guns, 1 sword, 
and many other articles of Plunder without 
any loss on our side. 

Matters can't remain long as they now are. 
Burgoyne has only 20 days provision. He 
must give us battle in a day or two, or else re- 
tire back. 

The latter I think he'll endeavor to do ; in 
either case I think, with the blessing of Heav- 
en he must be ruined. 

We are now between 10 & 11000, strong, 
healthy and in fine fighting cue ; I am fulfy 
satisfied they will fight hard, when called to 
action. God grant that every m^n may do 
his duty, and be crowned with success, which 
will put an end to our trouble in this quarter; 



at least this campaign, and I am inclined to 
think forever. My compliments to your good 
ladies, families and all friends, and believe me 
to be respectfully, 

yr friend & most obcdt. servt., 

JOHN GLOVER. 

CoL. JoNA. Glover & ) 
Azou Orne Esqr. ) 

N. B. This moment 4 Hessian deserters 
came in who say that i the company agreed 
to come off with them, & that we may expect 
a great many more very soon . 

It appears by the above correspondence 
that on the 23d of July, Glover was ordered 
by Gen. Washington to re-enforce Gen. Schuy- 
ler. For this purpose the Brigade sailed 
for Albany, July 27 th, and on the Ist of 
August joined the army at Saratoga, then 
retreating before Burgoyne. On the 3d at 
night the American forces left Saratoga 
taking off all their stores of every kind, and 
at 3 o'clock on the morning of the 4th arrived 
at Stillwater. From thence they retreated 
to Van Sohaick's Island, where on the 19th 
Gen. Gates arrived and took command. Grcn. 
Gates by the advice of Kosciusko, then an 
engineer in the service, moved the army up 
the river as far as Bemis's Heights, 4 miles 
above Stillwater, where they encamped and 
prepared to resist the further advance of the 
British. In the battles which were fought 
here on the 1 9th of September and 7th of 
October Glover's brigade composed part of the 
right wing of the army, which was posted on 
the hills near the river. In the first battle 
this part of the army was under the imme- 
diate command of General Gates, and resist- 
ed with great bravery and success the at- 
tacks of the British, still holding their 
ground when night closed the fierce struggle. 
In the succeeding battle, October 7th, the 
right wing was under the command of Gen. 



Bi^C-jf 



31 



Linooln, and was held by him in reaerve; 
bat a part of Glover's brigade was engaged 
nnder Arnold in his furious assault upon 
the British camp at the latter part of the 
day. 

After these disastrous battles Burgoyne 
was compelled to retreat towards Fort Ed- 
ward. On the 10th of October he was at Sar- 
atoga, his army being encamped on the north 
eide of Fish Greek. Oen. Gates was led by 
false reports and rumors, to bdieve that 
most of the British force had retreated to 
Fort Edward; and the next morning he com- 
menced an attack upon what he supposed to 
be the rear guard of the enemy. Burgoyne 
was aware of his mistake and prepared to 
profit by it. His whole army was drawn 
up in smeh a manner as to enable it, under 
the cover of the woods, to receive Gates's 
advance, and cut off that portion which 
should first pass the creek. "The movement 
began at daybreak. Nixon's brigade had al- 
ready crossed the creek, and Gen. Glover 
was upon the point of following him, when, 
as he entered the water, he saw a British 
soldier crossing whom he called and exam- 
ined. The soldier claimed to be a deserter. 
Glover asked him about Bui:goyne's army. 
The soldier answered ' It is encamped the 
same as days past. ' Glover told him ' If 
you are found attempting to deceive me, you 
shall be hung in half an hour; but if you 
speak nothing but the truth you shall be 
protected and meet with good usage.' He 
then asked him ' Have not numbers been 
sent off to Fort Edward?' The deserter re- 
plied, ' A small detachment was sent off a 
day or two ago, but are returned on finding 
the passes occupied by the Americans, and 
the whole army is now in camp.' Glover, 
though the junior officer to Nixon, sent off 



immediately to him to desist and reoross the 
creek; and at the same time dispatched his 
aid-de-camp, with the deserter behind him 
on horseback to Gates; who having exam- 
ined the soldier, hurried away the aid-de- 
camp, adjutant-general and others, to coun- 
termand the former orders and prevent the 
attack, o ^ Glover's message was re- 
ceived by Nixon in the critical moment; a 
quarter of an hour later would probably 
have proved fatal to his whole brigade, and 
given a turn to affairs in favor of the royal 
army"^ 

This fortunate event saved the army of 
Gates, and at the same time destroyed the 
last hope of Burgoyne. Soon after this on 
the 17th he surrendered with his whole 
army. The prisoners, 5,791 in number, 
were marched from Saratoga to Cambridge, 
and to General Glover was assigned the hon- 
or and responsibility of guarding them and 
conducting the march. This duty he per- 
formed with great kindness and skilLf 

Albany, 22 Oct., 1777. 
Sir: 

This will inform your Honour, that 
I have sent on one Division of the Prisoners, 
consisting of 2,442 British troops, by North- 
ampton, the other by the way of Springfield, 
consisting of 2,198 foreign troops. 1 shall 
come on to-morrow with General Burgoyne, 
and expect to be in Worcester ift ten days, 
where I shall be happy to meet your Honour's 
Orders. 

I have endeavoured to collect Provisions 
to serve them to Worcester ; you will please 
to order on some to meet me at that place. 

I am with respect, 
your Honour's most obed. hum. Ser., 

JOHN GLOVER. 



* (An account given bj Gen. Glover himself to 
Grordon, the historian, at Boston, March 18th, 1785. 
See Gordon, ii, 568.) 

t (Lossing, i, 88.) 



;3se-* •—■■—' 



32 



p. S. the number of Prisoners, Drivers 
of waggons, Bat-horsemen and the Guards, 
are at least 6,000. I am put to great diffi- 
culty to find provisions for them. 

To the Uon'ble Jbb'u Powell.'^ 



Sir: 



Hrad Quarters Vallry Forqb, ) 
8th Jan> 1778. j 



As the short time we have to lay in 
winter Quarters ought to be spent in train- 
ing the men, and endeavouring to bring them 
into the Field in a moreregular manner than 
they have hitherto been, I must desire that 
you will join your Brigade as soon as possi- 
ble in order to effect this measure. 

I have another reason, which is, that so 
many of the Brigadiers and Colonels Com- 
man*t who have been long absent from their 
families have been under the necessity of go- 
ing home to look into their private affairs, 
that there are scarce officers sufficient to do 
the Camp duties, much less to make a prop- 
er arrangement should the enemy come out 
against us. 

I desire you will bring on all detachments 
from your Brigade that may have, been left 
at any of the posts which they have been at 
during the last Campaign, or that may have 
recovered in the Hospitals. 

I am sir, 

Y*r most obt. Serv't 

G. WASHINGTON. 

P. S. Send on all Officers whose Fur- 
loughs have expired, or who are absent with- 
out leave, t 



Sir: 



Cambrioob, 24th Jan'y, 1778. 



I received your Excellency's letter (yes- 
terday) of the 8th Inst, desiring me to join 
my Brigade as soon as possible. I appre- 

* CCopied from the original on file at the Office 
of the Secretary of State.^ 

t CCopied ftom the original.) 



hend your ExcelPy has not been fully ac- 
quainted with the Business I was charged 
with by Gen. Gates; which has been and 
still is attended with so many difficulties 
as will necessarily detain me at this Post 
till the embarkation of Gen. Burgoyve. £ 
was honoured with the command of conduct- 
ing him & his Troops from Saratoga to Cam- 
bridge; for the better supplying of which 
& the conveniency of the inhabitants of the 
country through which they marched, I di- 
vided them into two Divisions ; The British 
by Williamstown & Northampton ; the 
Germans by Kinderhook & Springfield, with 
Commiss*ys, Qr. Masters & Waggon Masters 
for each, with particular directions to take 
Bills for what supplies they received, uid 
give Orders on me for payment. This order 
not being fully attended to, I was obliged to 
send Qr. Master Story back to Albany to 
collect the outstanding accounts. When 
that is done I shall charge Gen. Burgoyne 
with the whole in one general account. And 
as many of the charges in my opinion are 
unjust & others extravagantly high, large 
sums being charged by the Inhabitants for 
damages in burning fences, destroying hay, 
grains, flax, &c., also for clothing, furniture 
&c., stolen out of their houses, these charges 
I know Gen. Burgoyne will object to. The 
Inhabitants look to me and expect I shall 
see them paid. To acquit myself from cen- 
sure I*m determined to lay them before the 
Gen*l Court and desire that a Committee 
be appointed to examine them & make what 
deductions shall appear to them to be just, 
which I hope will give satisfaction to both 
parties. When this is done I have to pre- 
sent it to him for payment & then advertise 
the Inhabitants to come & receive their mon- 
ies. I shall lose no time in bringing the 
whole to a close as soon as possible. 

Thus, Sir, I have given an account of 
what I have been doing & still have to do 
at this Post, which I hope will meet your 
Excellency's approbation. I know of no 
Detachments from my Brigade left at anj 
Post. I shall advertise & order on all Offi- 
cers & Soldiers, who are absent with or with- 



83 



out Farlottghs as well as those recovered in 
Hospitals, o o o 

I am, Sir, with great trath & esteem 

jr Excellency's most Obedt Ser't, 
JOHN QL0VE1«. 
To His Excellency > 
Gen. Wasuington. J 



M'head 29 Mar. 1778. 
Dear Sir : 

Your Excellency's letter, of the 
18th of last month, I received this day (ean- 
not account for its detention) by which I am 
happy to find, my conduct in this Depart- 
ment hitherto has met your Excellency's ap- 
probation; wish it may be such in future. 
I was with Gen. Burgoyne the week past to 
settle his aoc'ts, but could not effect it; Con- 
gress having Besolved, he shall pay in solid 
coin, or in the several species of provisions ; 
the former he objects t(v unless I will take 
dollars at the rate of four for one, and could 
he comply with the latter, it would be atten- 
ded with great difficulty, as fiir the greatest 
part of his supplies was collected finom the 
inhabitants of the towns through which his 
troops marched ; there being but few public 
stores, the route they came. However as he 
has the liberty (and is veiy anxious) to go 
to England, I am in hopes to settle with him 
very soon, (Gen. Heath having determined he 
shall not depart till his aoo'ts are all adjus- 
ted and paid.) I am to see him next week 
when I hope to finish the matter, o o o 
I am fully persuaded your Excellency has 
the good of both officers and soldiers very 
near your heart, as well as the common 
Cause of our Country; and lam satisfied 
will do everything in your power, for the 
good of the whole. I pray God may pre- 
serve you long for the g(K)d of your Country 
and the joy and satisfaction of your friends ; 
among whom I take the liberty to subscribe 
myself with great sincerity, Dear Sir, 

Your Excellency's most obedient 
Humble Servant 

JOHN GLOVER. 
To His Excellency ) 
Gen. Washinqton. j 

(5) 



Mabbleuead, 10th April, 1778. 
Sir: 

Your Excellency's letter of the 18th ult. 
I received the 8th instant; the business I was 
charged with is not yet finished, owing to 
many circumstances attending the aooounts & 
the mode of payment resolved by Congress, 
which I fully mentioned in my letter of the 
29th March. Gen. Burgoyne left Cambridge 
for Newport the 5th instant, when he gave me 
a bill on his paymaster for the amount of 
his account in which ho engages to pay in 
hard money for the provisions, and in paper 
ditto for all the other supplies. The Pay- 
master (who went with him) accepted to pay 
the bill at his return. At Gen. Burgoyne's 
request I have engaged to ^y the acc'ts before 
the General Court, with his objections to charg- 
es for articles stolen k damage done to bams, 
grain &;c., when he expects large deductions 
will be made; if so I am to refund the 
amount to Gkn. Phillips. The Court having 
adjourned for two weeks (on account of the 
small pox being in Boston) has prevented my 
laying the matter before them. It is to meet 
the 14th at Jamaica Plains, when, if my 
health permits, I shall wait on them, and hope 
to get the matter through in a few days, and 
then pay off the acc'ts and so get clear of the 
job, which has been a very troublesome one. 
In my last I wrote your Excellency of my ill 
state of health, which still remains ; the means 
I'm now using I hope will help me. I shall 
not delay a moment to join the army, as soon 
as I find myself able. 

I am, Sir, with great esteem 

your Excellency's most Obed't 
Humble Servant, 

JOHN GLOVER. 
To his Excellency | 
Gen. Washington, j 



Marbleukad, I5th May, 1778. 
Deax Siu: 

I wrote your Excellency (the 10th 
ult.) that I had adjusted my acc't with Gen. 
Burgoyne, and that his paymaster had accept- 
ed his bill to pay the amount at his return 
from Newport, which he has punctually com- 



34 



plied with, so far as he was obliged to pay 
hard money, to the amount of £9244, 28, 
which I have sent on to the Hon'ble Board of 
Treasury at Yorktown. £4098, which he was 
to pay in Continental bills, I have not been 
able to get till the 10th instant, he having 
met with disappointment from persons, whom 
Gen. Bnrgoyne sold bills to before he left 
Cambridge. I advertised in the Boston & 
Hartford News-papers of the 20th of April, 
calling upon all those who had furnished with 
supplies for the troops of Convention, to come 
and receive their money ; but' three towns on- 1 
ly out of forty have applied I shall not 
wait on them longer than the first of June ; at 
which time if I find myself strong enough to 
undertake the journey I propose to set off for 
Camp ; but, from my present weak and much 
debilitated state, am very doubtful whether I 
shall be able to endure the fatigues of another 
Campaign. When I entered the service in 
1775 I had as good a constitution as any man 
of my age, but it*s now broken and shattered 
to pieces. However I shall make the best of 
it until I have the pleasure of seeing your Ex- 
cellency, when I flatter myself, from your 
known generosity and humanity, you will not 
hesitate to favour my dismission from the Ar- 
my.* 

I am, Dear Sir with great esteem, 
your Excellency's most Obedient 

Humble Servant, 
JOHN GLOVER. 
To his Excellency ) 
Gen. Washington, j 



On the 28th of June Gen. Glover, having 
recovered somewhat from the illness referred 



*The foUowing extract from Washington's 

reply to the above letters, in which Gton. Glover 

asked for a dismission from the army on account 

of ill health, is from a manuscript belonging to J. 

H. Ome of Marblehead : 

"Excuse me Sir" said Washington "if I hesi- 
tate to give my concurrence to the desire you ex- 
press of quitting the army. I have too high an 
opinion of your valor as an officer to do anything 
which may contribute to jour relinquishing that 
character. My earnest Wish is that you may con- 
tinue it." 



to in the above letters, again joined the 
Army and took command at Fort Arnold, 
a strong redoubt near West Point on 
the Hudson, and, with the aid of Gol. 
Kosciusko, superintended the completion of 
the Forts in that vicinity. On the 2dd of 
July he was ordered by Washington to join 
his Brigade, then, together with Vamum's 
Brigade and a part of Gol. Jackson's com- 
mand, marching under the Marquis de La- 
fayette for Providence to join Gen. Sullivan 
in his Expedition against the Britisli on 
Bhode Island. (Sparks, Vol. 6, p. 8 & 11.) 
At the request of Oren, Sullivan,^ ho proceed- 
ed on to Boston and engaged the services of 
several companies to join in the Expedition. 
The *' Boston Independent Company" com- 
manded by Gol. Hichbom, and a Salem Com- 
pany under Gapt Samuel Flagg, besidea 
many volunteers from Marblehead, placed 
themselves under the command of Gen. Glov- 
er, and marched at once for Providence, 
where they arrived on the iOth of August. 
On the 15th the army marched in order of 



* The foUowing is copied from an autograph 
letter of Gen. Sullivan : 

''Head Qoabtbks August 1st 1778. 
Dear Sir, 

Tou will pleane to proceed to Boston, 
Marblehead and such other places as yon may 
think proper, to engage two or three hundred Sea- 
men or other persons well acquainted .with Boats, 
who are to act &< Boatmen in the Expedition 
against Rhode Island. You will please to use all 
possible expedition in forwarding them on. Their 
pay shall be three Dollars per day & their expenses 
borne upon tbe Road. Their engagement is to be 
for fifteen days, if not sooner discharged ; they will 
be allowed three days for coming & three for going 
Home. Tou are to advance each man one week^ 

fay upon his engaging. Upon tliis encouragement 
think you will have a sufficient number who will 
at this important Crisis, step forth to assist in the 
glorious Enterprise on hand & share with tlieir 
Brethren the Honor of giving the last Blow to 
British Tyranny. 

I am, Dear Sir, your most obedient Servant 
JOHN SULLIVAN. 
Brig'r Gen'l Glovsb. 




35 






Jbattle foam Howland*fl Ferry towards New- 
port, Gen. Glover's Brigade being on the left 
of the first Une, and under the command of 
Col. Bigelow. liajor Thos. Fosdiok, Mr. John 
Traoy, Gapt Stephen Sewall and Bnfos 
King Esq. were appointed Aides de Oamp 
to Gea Glo?er, who was placed temporarily 
on the Staff of Gen. Snllivan. The •' Boston 
Independent Company " and the ** Salem 
Volunteers" were ordered to cover the left 
of the first Ime. Having reached Newport 
the Americans entrenched themselves and 
commenced a regular siege of that place, but 
the French fleet failing to support them as 
they expected, they were compelled to aban- 
don the siegei and it was with difficulty that 
they escaped from the Island. On the 29th 
during the retreat a severe battle took place 
in which the British were defeated. The 
** Volunteer Gcmipanies " were honorably men- 
tioned in General Orders. Capt. Samuel 
Flaggof the "Salem Volunteers "commanded 
the boats at Howland's Ferry, by which the 
army crossed safely to the main land. 

After this Gen. Glover was placed in com- 
mand of the Department of Providence, where 
the sick and the wounded had been removed. 
His Brigade Orders issued here and else- 
where often exhibit his true character, that 
of an honest, conscientious and industrious 
officer. He wa?) careful that his command 
should not only observe the decencies of life 
and the duties of soldiers, but avoid those 
excesses which so often disgrace the Camp, 
and, while he was strict in regard to disci- 
pline, neatness of dress and good order, he 
was ever anxious that his men should be 
provided with every comfort which money 
or constant attention could obtain for them. 

(See Brigade Orders, July 7th, 11th, 
Sept. 7th, 12th, 19th, 21 st, 26th, 1778; 



Apr. 10th, 1779; Nov. 11th, 16th, 1781; 
also Gen. Orders, Nov. 17th, 1781.) 

Pbovidbncb, 28th Jan'y, 1779. 
Sir: 

Urged by a sense of duty and regard 
for my much injured country, I entered her 
service at the commencement of hostilities, 
and have continued to exert my small ability 
in her defenee to this day, and was fully de- 
termined to persevere therein (notwithstand- 
ing the great sacrifices I have made, and 
must consequently continue to make,) so long 
as I could be any way serviceable, or my 
country wanted me. 

But it has been the will of Heaven I 
should feel the pang of a separation, and 
part with a companion who was most dear to 
me, and (in my absence) the only support 
and stay of a &mily of eight small children, 
the oldest of whom is seventeen years ; the 
care of which now altogether devolves on 
me, and calls for my particular attention. 

These being my present circumstances, 
which are truly distressing, I am, from a 
sense of paternal 4uty and regard I owe to 
my little flock, compelled, though with great 
reluctance and regret, to ask a dismission 
from the service. At the same time beg 
it may not be conceived as proceeding from 
any other motive, and that your Excellency 
would be pleased (if inconsistent to grant it 
yourself) to forward my request to the 
Hon'ble Congress. 

I feel myself happy in being one of those 
who have stood forth in defence of the liber- 
ties of America ; and be assured, sir, that 
whenever her Hon'ble .Representatives or 
your Excellency shall call for my exertions, 
I shall endeavor with cheerfulness to com- 
ply therewith. 

1 hope, sir. I shall always have a grate- 
ful sense of the many civilities shown me 
by your Excellency ; for which 1 b^ leave 
to return my unfeigned thanks. 

I have the honor to be 

Your Excellency's 

most obed*t hum. Ser't, 

JOHN GLOVER 
His Excellency, 1 
Gen. Washington. | 



^^^^ 



36 



Upon receipt of this request, Congress 
passed the following Resolve : " Besolved, 
that Congress, sensible of Brigadier General 
Glover's past merits, and in expectation of 
his fiitare services, direct the Commander-in- 
Chief to indulge him with a furlough for such 
time as maj be necessary to settle his private 
aflyrs." (See Journals of Congress, Vol. 
iii, 214. Feb. 27th, 1779.) 

On the SOtih of June, and the 7th of July, 
1779, Glover was ordered by Gen. Washington 
to march his Brigade from Providence for the 
main army, and "to take some route not &r 
from the Sound, so as to co-operate with the 
Militia against the depredations of the ene- 
my." (Sparks, Vol. vi, 286, 306.) 

The following letters show the route by 
which the Brigade marched. 

(Copy.) Nbw London, 11th July, 1779,") 

10 o'clock, evening, j 
Dear General, 

The inclosed letter from Gen- 
eral Parsons, is this moment received by Ex- 
press. I shall march to-morrow morning, 
at 2 o'clock, if the weather permits. 

I am. Dear General, 

with sentiments of Begard 
yr. most obed. hum. Servt, 

JOHN GLOVER, 
B. General. 
Major General Gatbs. 

(Copy.) NoBWALK, 10th July, 1779. 

Sir, I have the orders of his Excellency, 
General Washington, to order the Brigade 
under your command to such part of this 
State as I shall find necessary on the present 
emergency. The present movements of the 
enemy, render a Force absolutely necessary 
in the remaining Towns in the Western part 
of the State, to preserve them from destruc- 
tion, and oppose the Enemy's further pro- 
gress. 

You will therefore be pleased to order the 
Brigade under your command to march to 



this place with as much expedition as wi]) 
consist with the health of the Troops. 

The Enemy are advancing into the Coun- 
try, and no "[hroops but the Militia to oppose 
them. You will easily perceive the necessi- 
ty of moving as fut as you can,* to give con- 
fidence to the Militia, who in conjunction 
with your Troops may give a check to the 
further progress of those Incendiaries. 
I am. Sir, with Bespect, 
your Obed. Hum. Serv., 

SAM'L H. PABSONS, 
Brig. General. 
B& QeiL Glovsb.* 



Sir: 



NoRWALK, 21 July, 1779. 



I was honoured with your Excellency's 
letter of the 17th last evening at nine o'clock. 
The troops having marched from New Haven 
in two days are much fatigued. Shall halt 
them at this place to day. I shall march at 2 
o'clock to morrow morning for Ridgefield, 
where I shall wait your Excellency's orders. 

Give me leave to congratulate you, sir, on 
the success of the American arms against 
Stony Point, and thank your Excellency for 
the intelligence, which is the first and only 
confirmation I have had of that glorious event, 
notwithstanding I have received three letters 
from Gen. Heatn since it took place, in neither 
of which does be say one word about it. 
I am Sir your Excellency's 

most Obed't Humble Sort. 

JOHN GLOVER. 
His Excellency Gen-. Washington. 



West Point, July the 23, 1779. 
Db. Sir: 

I have received your favor of yes- 
terday and thank you for the intelligence re- 
specting the Fleet. Before this reaches you 
I expect you will have received directions 
from Gen. Heath to halt at Ridgefield till 
further orders. I have only to add my request, 
that you will use your best endeavors to ob- 
tain information of the situation and move- 

* (From the files at the Secretary of State's 
Office.) 



37 



ments of the enemy from time to time, and 
that you will commonicate whatever you may 
deem interesting. 

I am Dr. Sir with great regard 
yr most Obed't Ser't. 

G. WASfflNGTON. 
Gen. Gloyer.* 

Gen. Glover remained at Bidgefield, under 
Major Qen, Howe, throagh the following win- 
ter. On the 20th of June, 1780, he was or- 
, dered, by letter from Qen. Washington, to 

"repair immediately to Springfield, Mass., 
for the purpose of superintending the business 
of receiving and forwarding the drafts from 
Massachusetts to West Point." On the 25th 
of September he was again with the army at 
West Point, oommanding his Brigade, as ap- 
pears by a letter from there to his brother, 
dated Sept. 26th, describing Amold^s *' most 
infernal plot," the discovery of which he 
thinks '* must be imputed to the interposition 
of Divine Providence." He was a member 
of the Court which tried Major Andrd on the 
29th of September, and was officer of the day 
when Andr^ was executed, f 

(* Copied from the original.) 
t The following is from Sargent's life of Andr€, 
page 431: 

" A Brief Acconnt of the Characters of the Gen- 
^ erals, who tried Major Andrd. 

— ^ Glover bom about 1735, was I belieyeof 
a wealthy family of Sdburblehead. He took an early 
share in the contest. DiminatiYe in person he was 
' '' active in habit and a good soldier. t He had prob- 
y ably been a ship-owner before the war, and the reg- 
iment which he raised in 1 775 was mainly composed 
of seafaring men. It was one of the first filled up 
in Massachusetts, and when taken into the Conti- 
nental pay still retained its efficiency. There 
was an appearance of discipline in this Corps, the 
officers seemed to have mixed with the world, and 
to understand what belonged to their stations. 

Glover's command led the advance in the pas- 
sage of the Delaware at Trenton, and its Command- 
er was never found amiss. 

' These are the lads who might do something ' 

cried the spectators as, 500 strong, it came along 

after the defeat at Long Island." 

t The Marquis de Chastellux speaks of General Glover 
as '* a littlo man, but active and a good soldier." Trav- 
els in Ameriea, 1, ISO. 



Qten. Olover remained at West Point with 
his Brigade till the Summer of 1781. In 
Augost of that year, when the allied annies 
crossed the Hudson and marched for Virginia, 
Washington left a strong force under Gen. 
Heath to protect the Hudson Highlands. Of 
this force Glover's Brigade formed a part. 
On the 19th of August, when Gen. Heath 
assumed command of the Department, the 
head-quarters were "near Dobb's Feny." 
On the 20th the army marched to Peekskill, 
arriving there on the 23d. The following 
was the order of march : ' 

*' Major Gen. Lord Stirling will take oom-_ 
mand of the right wing of this army, Major 
Gen. Howe the command of the left wing. 
Brigadier G«n. Glover will take command of 
the Divifflon commanded by Major Gen. Lin- 
coln ; and Brigadier Gen Patterson the com- 
mand of the two Brigades of the second line ; 
Capt. Donald's company of Artillery with the 
two three-pounders are to be divided to the 
two Divisions of the first line." 

Oct. 27, Gen's Glover and Huntington were 
ordered to *' view the present position of the 
pickets near the enemy ; if they can be re- 
moved to places more comfortable and equal- 
ly safe to the army, cause it to be done and re- 
port. ' ' They reported the same day. On the 
12th of Nov. the Ist Massachusetts Brigade 
with two pieces of artillery under Gapt. Tread- 
well marched on a foraging expedition under 
the command of Gen. Glover. The route was 
from Continental Village by North Castle , 
Young's, White Plains, East Chester, Mara- 
nack, Wright's Mills, and Crompond, back to 
Continental Village. The following is an ex- 
tract from the General Orders of the 17th: 

**The General thanks Brigadier Gen. Glov- 
er for the regularity and good order he pre- 
served in the lato gfand forage on the lines. 



38 



The Forage MaMer will be oarefdl in reoeiving 
and reoeipting for the forage which iias been 
oolketed, and cause eqoal distribution to be 
made, exercising the graatost eeonomy." 

Oen. €^ver was with the army till the 
Bpring of 1782, when he was again ordered to 
take ohaige of the mnstoring and forwarding 
recratts from 'Massachusetts. At this time 
hb health had become yery mach impaired by 
long exposure and arduous service in the field. 
His complaints had boon undoubtedly ag- 
grarated by continued anxiety and distress of 
mind in regard to the condition of his family 
and private afEurs. His sensibility on this 
gnbject appears in his eorrespondence, of which 
the following is a speoimeQ, from a letter to 
Washington, dated West Point, Jan. 28th, 
1781 : 

" Neither bonness nor amusements of any 
kind, however advantageous, pleasing or sat- 
is&otoiy in the enjoyment, would have induced 
mo to address your Excellency a second time 
on the subject ; but duty and aflbction to my 
helpless orphan ehiidten (for so I must call 
them in my absence) eall aloud, and urge the 
necessity of my making them a visit before 
the campaign opens, or they must unavoidably 
sufier, being all very young, and by no means 
capable of taking care of themselves, except- 
ing a daughter of eighteen, who has the charge 
of eight others, a burden much too great for 
80 young a person ; and what makes it exceed- 
ingly more so, they live in a seaport town, 
where the necessaries of life are very dear 
and hard to be come at, even were they pos- 
sessed of the means, which at present (I am 
sorry to say) they are not ; nor is it in my 
power to furnish them, not having received 
any pay for twenty months past. A fow days 
ago I received a letter from my daughter, the 
purport of which must have roused and awak- 



ened the attention of the most unnatural pa- 
rent, much more one who is very particularly 
attached to his children ; this may be called a 
weakness in me ; however it's such a weak- 
ness as I at all times take pride in showing." 

The following is from a letter to Washing- 
ton, dated Marblehead, May 4th, 1782 : 

*' Instead of growing better as the Spring 
comes on, (as was the opinion of my physi- 
cian,) I find myself much weaker, my com- 
plaints and disorders being of such a com- 
plicated nature that they have bafiSed the 
power of medicine as well as the skill of the 
most able and approved physicians amongst 
us, who now tell me it must be a work of 
time to remove them and restore me to any 
tolerable health; my whole frame being so 
exceedingly shattered and debilitated, and my 
nervous system so much weakened, that, 
were I to gain a kingdom, I could not ride a 
journey of 20 miles, nor can I ride a single 
horse five miles. 

Your Excellency will hardly credit it, but 
be assured, sir, it is an absolute fact, I have 
not slept two hours upon an average in 24 
for these four years past, and very often after 
severe fatigue I do not sleep a wink for 
two or three nights together. These disor- 
ders and complaints I contracted at the North- 
ward in the Campaign of 1777, and they have 
been growing on me ever since." 

On the 18th of June he again wrote to 
Washington, giving a veiy particular and mi- 
nute account of the character of his disease, 
and enclosing a certificate " from two of the 
ablest and most approved physicians in the 
State." 



Head Quarters, Nkwbueoh, 



Sir: 



July 10th, 1782 



■"•} 



I have received your letter of the 18th 



1^ 



39 



June, with the enclosed certificate. Agreea- 
bly to yonr request I have forwarded a copy 
of your letter, with corroboratiDg evidence of 
the physicians, to the Secretary at War, and 
recommended a compliance with your desire. 

That you may soon be restored to your for- 
mer state of health, is the sincere wish of 
Sir, your very humble servant, 

G. WASHINGTON. 

Brig'r Gen'l Glovbb .♦ 

On the 22nd of July 1782 he was, '* on ac- 
count of his ill health, placed on the half 
pay establishment" by Congress. 



Sir, 



Head Quarters, Newburqh, 
July 30th, 1782. 



} 



The enclosed Resolution of Congress 
having been transmitted to me, I take this 
earliest opportunity to communicate it for 
your information. 

Sincerely wishing you a restoration of 
health, attended with every happiness in yonr 
future walks of life, 

I have the honor to be. Sir, 
your very bumble servant, 

G. WASHINGTON. 

Brigadier General Glovbr.! 

Gen. Glover resided in Marblehead till his 
death, Jan. 30th 1797. His. mansion is 
etill standing in Glover Square, near State 
Street, und Is now the residence of Benjamin 
Selman, Esq. He was a member of the 
State Convention in 1788, and his vote 
is recorded together with those of his col- 
leagues Jonathan Glover, Isaac Mansfield, and 
Azor Ome, in favor of the Federal Constitu- 
tion. 

The following obituary notice may be found 

in the Salem Gazette, printed January 31st, 

1797. 

Died — At Marblehead, of an hepatick di- 
sease, John Glover Esq. aged 62.t As a 



mOitary character he stood high on the list of 
fame, and acted a very distinguished part in 
those judicious plans and arrangements which 
led on to the capture of Burgoyne and his 
army, and was honoured with the superin- 
tendency of them in their march through the 
country as the most qualified person. He 
was dficer of the day when Major Andr^ 
made his exit ; which, though the effect of 
necessity, deeply affected the General, and 
drew tears from every eye. In private life 
he was the warm and steady friend, free from 
every appearance of guile and dissimulation. 
He was the affectionate husband, the kind 
brother, and the best of fitthers. In civil 
capacity he sustained some of the fint offices 
within the gift of his fellow citizens, and ever 
conducted to their approbation. He was 
chosen a delegate to the State Convention for 
the purpose of assenting to and ratifying the 
Federal Constitution, and has ever been one 
of its warmest supporters. 

Marblehead, Jan. 30th, 1797. 



The following is the inscription on his tomb 
in the old burying-ground in Marblehead : 

Erected with filial respect 

to 

The memory of 

The Hon. JOHN GLOVER, Esquire, 

Brigadier General in the 

late Continental Army, 

Died 

January 30th, 1797, 

Aged 64. 



APPENDIX. 



(•Copied from the original.) 
t (Coptod Htcm tht origlBal.) 



>(6D 



fiXTRACTS FBOM THS ORDERLY BOOKS. 

The following passages, while they are of 
much interest in connection with the subject 
of this memoir, also indicate how much light 
these Orderly Books throw upon the histoij 
of the Revolution: 



»'-»~J 



40 



HSAD QaABTERfl, CaMBRIBGB, ) 

June 29th, 1775. ) 

Parole, Washington. Countersign, Virgin- 
ia. Offioer of the day to-morrow, Lieut Col. 
Gerry. Officer of the main guard to-mor- 
row, Major Brooks. Adjutant for the day 
to-morrow, — Hardy. 

General Orders. That the Regiments 
in this Camp parade to-morrow morning pre- 
cisely at 5 o'clock on the common, where the 
Prisoners will be brought from the main 
guard & the sentence of the Gen'l Court 
martial will be put in execution against 
them. The Officers commanding Corps will 
turn out immediately when called upon for 
duty. The Adjutants will take care to bring 
the men upon the place of parade, for guard or 
other duty, precisely at the time prescribed 
by the Adjutant General. 

Head Quarters, Cambridge, 1 
June 80th, 1776. j 

Parole, Pennsylvania. Countersign, James- 
town. Offioer of the day to-morrow. Col. 
Prescott. Offioer of the main guard to-mor- 
row, Lieut Col. Roberts. Adjutant for the 
day to-morrow, Gibbs. 

General Orders. That all profane cur- 
sing and swearing, all indecent language 
and behaviour will not be tolerated in Camp. 
The General expects that all the Officers 
from the highest to the lowest Rank will 
set a good Example to the Soldiers in this 
Respect. That three Subalterns be appoint- 
ed daily to visit the Colleges at 9 o'clock 
in the morning, and see that they are swept 
clean and that the Officers improving Dwell- 
ing Houses take care that those Soldiers, 
who are quartered in the same, see that they 
are daily swept That the field Officers 
commanding at Cambridge, Charlestown & 
Medford see that the Adjutants make out a 
list of all the Officers and rank and file belong- 
ing to their respective Regiments, and make 
a Return immediately to the Adjutant Gen- 
eral. That all possible care be taken that 
no lewd women come into Camp, and all 
persons are ordered to give information of 
such persons, if any there are — that prop- 



er measures be taken to bring them to oon- 
dign punishment, and rid the Camp of 
such a nuisance. — That the Rules and Reg- 
ulations for the American Army be read at 
the head of their respective Companies by 
the Captain or such other person as they 
shall appoint, once a week till further Or- 
ders. 

Head Quarters, Cambridge, ) 
July 1st, 1775. j 

Parole, Bowdoin. Countersign, Dexter. 
Officer of the day to-morrow, Col. Glover. 
Officer of the main Guard to-morrow. Major 
Johonnot Adjutant for the day, Fox. 

General Orders. That the Adjutants of 
the respective Regiments doing duty at Cam- 
bridge, Charlestown and Medford, make a 
weekly Return to the Adjutant General at 
Head Quarters of the number of Officers & 
Rank & file fit for duty, number unfit, where 
stationed, what number daily on duty, wheth- 
er in Camp, out on furlough, or absent with- 
out leave. That the Drummers in this en- 
campment attend on Mr. John Bassett, Drum 
Major, at 7 o'clock to-morrow morning & re- 
ceive their orders from him, respecting their 
duty. 

Head Quarters, Cambridge, ) 
July 2d, 1775. j" 

Parole, Pitt. Countersign, Bradbury. 

Officer of the day to-raorrow, Col. Brick- 
ett. Officer of the main guard to-morrow. 
Major Woods. Adjutant for the day to-mor- 
row, Hardy. 

General Orders. That some suitable per- 
son in each Company and Regiment be direct- 
ed to inspect said Company daily; that upon 
finding any complaint of indisposition among 
the men, the Surgeon of each negiment will 
examine thereinto k if there be any symp- 
toms of the small pox upon them, that they 
immediately be removed. That one Soldier 
be taken out of each Company in Putnam's, 
Prescott's, Bridge's, Frye's & Glover's Regi- 
ments for Camp Colour men, whose daily busi- 
ness shall be to sweep and keep clean the 
Camp. 



41 



} 



HXAD QUABTBBS, GaMBRIDOB, 

July 3d, 1776, 

Parole, Lookout. CountereigD, Sharp. 

Officer of the day to-morrow, Col. Prescott. 
Officer of the main guard to-morrow, Major 
Poor. Adjutant for the day to-morrow, Oibbs. 

By his Excellency George Washington, Esq., 
Commander-in-Chief of all the Forces of 
the United Colonies of North America. 

Greneral Orders. The Colonel or Com- 
manding Officer of each Regiment is ordered 
forthwith to make two returns of the number 
of men in their respective regiments, distin- 
gnishing those who are sick, wounded, or ab- 
sent on furlough, and also the quantity of am- 
munition each Regiment now has. 

Hbad Quarters, Cambridge, 



July 3d, 1775 



0.J 



By his Excellency, Gen. Washington, dated 
4 o'clock P. M. 

It is ordered that Col. Glover's Regt. be 
ready this evening, with all their accoutrements, 
to march at a minute's warning to support 
Gen. Folsom of the New Hampshire Forces, in 
case his lines should be attacked. It is also 
ordered that Col. Prescott's Regiment equip 
themselves to march this evening k take pos- 
session of the woods leading to Lechmere's 
Point, and, in case of an attack there, Col. 
Glover's Regiment to march immediately to 
their support. 

Hkad Quartkrs, Cambuidob, ( 
*19th July, 1776. j" 

Parole. Derby. Countersign, Marblehead. 

Officer of the day to-morrow, Col. Glover. 
Officer of the main guard to-morrow morning. 
Major Brooks. Adjutant for the day. Hardy. 

Hkad Quarters, Cambridgb, > 
2Uth July, 1775. ) 

Parole, Albany. Countersign, Ticonderoga. 
Officer of the day to-morrow. Col. Hrickett. 

* Glover's Regiment being employed on special 
service may be the caoie of the absenee in the Or- 
derly Book of General Orders from the 3d to the 
19th of Jul J. 

(6) 



Officer of the main guard to-morrow. Major 
Lee. Adjutant for the day to-morrow, Tyler. 

General Orders. Certain drums in and 
near Cambridge very improperly beat the Re- 
veille this morning before day. Although the 
Troops are ordered to be under arms half an 
hour before daylight, it does not follow that 
the drums are to beat at that time. The 
Reveille is to beat when the Sentry can see 
dearly one thousand yards around him, and 
not before. All Aids de Camp and Majors 
of Brigade are to keep reeularly entered in a 
book all the General Orders of the Army as 
well as those of the Brigade they belong to, 
as the General in Chief will not for the future 
admit as an excuse for the breach of orders 
the plea of not knowing them. 

Samuel Osgood, Esq., and Joseph Ward, 
Esq., being appointed Aidsde Camp to Major 
Gen. Wanl, they are to be obeyed as such ; 
as all orders coming from Aids de Camp are 
to be considered as the orders of their respec- 
tive Generals, and, whether written or verbal, 
to be forthwith obeyed, it may be necessary 
once more to repeat to the Array that every 
Aid de Camp k Major of Brigade will be 
distinguished by a green riband. 

Certain Corps having been dilatory in de- 
livering last Saturday their weekly returns as 
positively directed by former orders, the Gen- 
eral is determined for the future not to excuse 
any neglect in sending their returns every Sat- 
urday to the Adjutant General ; as the Com- 
manding officers of Regiments are to be an- 
swerable for the due observance of this Order, 
it is expected that they are exact in obliging 
their respective Adjutants to fulfil their duty. 

Hbad Quarters, Caubridob, ) 
2l6t July, 1775. ]" 

Parole, Maiden. Countersign, Chelsea. 

Officer of the day to-morrow. Col. Johonnot. 
Officer of the main guard to-morrow. Major 
Woods. Adjutant for the day to-morrow, 
Gibbs. 

Hbad Quarters, Cambridge, ) 
22d July, 1776. | 
Parole, Nantasket. Countendgn, Missis- 
sippi. 

Officerof the day to-morrow. Col. Bridge. 



42 



OfiBcer of the main guard to-morrow, Major 
Poor. Adjutant for the day to-morrow, Fox. 

General Orders. Camp before Boston, 
July 22d. 1775. 

Capt. Israel Putnam & Lieut Saml. Bebb 
being appointed Aids de Camp to Major Gen- 
eral Putnam, they are to be obeyed as such. 

Regularity & due subordination being so es- 
sentially necessary to the good order & gov- 
ernment of an army, and as without it the 
whole must soon become a scene of disorder 
& confusion, the Gkneral finds it necessary, 
without waiting any longer for dispatches from 
the Genl. Continental Congress, immediately 
to form the Army into Three Grand Divisions, 
and to divide each of those Grand Divisions 
into two Brigades. He therefore orders the 
following Regiments, viz : Gen. Ward's, Gen. 
Thomases, Col. Fellows', Col. Colton's, Col. 
Danielson's, Col. David Brewer's, to compose 
one Brigade and be under the command of 
Brig. Gen. Thomas. That Gen. Spencer's, 
Col. Parsons', Col. Learned's, Col. Walker's, 
Col. J. Read's Independents compose anoth- 
er Brigade to be commanded by Brig. Gen. 
Spencer ; that these two Brigades compose the 
Right Wing or Division of the Army, and be 
under the command of Major Gen. Ward, &; 
remain at Roxbury and its Southern dependen- 
cies. 

That Col. Stark's, Col. Poor's, Col. Read's 
New Hampshire, Col. Nixon's, Col. Mans 
field's, Col. Doolittle's Massachusetts, be form- 
ed into another Brigade under the command of 
Brig. Gen. Sullivan, and Posted on Winter 
Hill; that Col. Vamum's, Col. Hitchcock's, 
Col. Church's Rhode Island, Col. Whitcomb's. 
Col. Gardner's, Col. Jona. Brewer's Massa- 
chusetts, be formed into another Brigade to be 
commanded by Brig. Geo. Greene, & posted 
upon Prospect Hill ; these two Brigades to 
compose the Left Wing or Second Division 
of the Army under the Command of Major 
Gen. Lincoln. 

That Gen. Heath's, Col. Patterson's. Col. 
Scamman's, Col. Gerrish's, Col. Phinny's, 
Col. Prescott's be formed into another Brig- 
ade & commanded by Brig. Gen. Heath. 
That Gen. Putnam's, Col. Glover's, Col. 
Frye's, Col. Bridge's, Col. Woodbridge's, 



Col. Sargent's be formed into another 
Brigade under the command of the' Senior 
Offioer therein, and, until the Pleasure of 
the Continental Congress be known, these 
two Brigades to be under the Command of 
Major Gen. Putnam, as also a Corps de re- 
serve for the defence of the several Posts 
North of Roxbury not already named. 

The arrangement pow ordered, is to be 
made as speedily as possible, and the 
Major (Generals are to see it done accor- 
dingly. Some inconveniencies may arise to 
certain individuals by this change, but as 
the good of the service requires it to be made, 
an alert and ready compliance is expected. 
All applications from henceforward by Ofii- 
cers or Soldiers for leave of absence, are to 
be made to the Major General commanding 
each Division, who is to judge of the propriety 
of the application, and grant furloughs where 
he sees cause, without applying to the Com- 
mander-in-Chief, provided it be not contrary 
to General Orders. Gen. Heath's Regt is 
to take Post at No. 2, in lieu of Gen. Ward's. 
Col. Patterson is to remain at No. 3. Col. 
Scamman's to occupy No. 1 and the Redoubt 
between that and No. 2. Col. Prescott's 
Regt. to take Post at the Redoubt upon 
Sewall's Point. Col. Gerrish's R^ to fur- 
nish the companies for Chelsea, Maiden & 
Medford. 

Head Quarters, Cambridge, ) 
23d July, 1775. J 

Parole, Brunswick. Countersign. Prince- 
ton. ' OiFiCer of the day to-morrow, Col. Glov- 
er. Offioer of the main guard to-morrow. 
Major Brooks. Adjutant for the day to- 
morrow. Hardy. 

General Orders. As the Continental 
Army have unfortunately no uniforms, dr 
consequently many inconveniencies must 
arise from not being able always to distin- 
guish the Commissioned Officers from the 
non-Commissioned, and the non -Commission- 
ed from the Privates, it is desired that some 
badges of distinction may be immediately 
provided; for instance, — the Field Officers 
may have Red or Pink coloured Cockades 
in their hats, the Captains, Yellow or Buff, 



J 



J 



43 



and the Subalterns, Green. Thej are to 
furnish themselTes acoordinglj. Tke Ser- 
geants may be distinguished by Epaulette or 
stripe of Bed cloth sewed upon the right 
shoulder. The Corporals by one of Green. 

The people employetl to make spears are 
desired by the General to make four dozen 
of them immediately, thirteen feet in length, 
and the wood part a good deal more substan- 
tial than those already made, particularly 
those in the New Hampshire lines (which) 
are ridiculously short and slight, and can 
answer no sort of purpose ; no more there- 
fore are to be made on the same model. 

The commanding Officers of the different 
works and posts are once more enjoined to 
furnish themselves with a sufficient number 
of Gabions & Fascines which are to stop up 
the entrance of their respective redoubts & 
lines, and to repair their works, which may 
either be damaged by the weather or the fire 
of the enemy, it is observed -that several 
of the entrances and redoubts are still left 
open, without any sort of defence. l*he Com- 
manding Officers of each redoubt are there- 
fore ordered to cut a wide deep diteh at the 
entrances, and throw a bridge of strong plank 
across; this is to be done without delay. 

John Davis of Capt Foster's Company in 
Col. Qridley's Rcgt. of Artillery, tried for 
desertion and suspicion of intending to go to 
the enemy is acquitted by the General Court 
Martial. 

Ensign Foster accused by Col. Scamman 
of abusive and insulting language to the said 
CoL Scamman while under arrest by a Gen- 
eral Court Martial of which CoL John Nix- 
on was President, the Court were unanimous- 
ly of opinion that the prisoner is not guilty 
and do therefere acquit him with honor. 
Lieut Trofton to be forthwith released from 
bis arrest. Michael Beny, Capt. Packer's 
Company and Col. Prescott's Regt. tried by 
the same General Court Martial for refusing 
his duty and enlisting in another Company, 
the Court condemn the prisoner and order him 
to receive 39 lashes. The General orders 
the sentence to be put in execution at the 
head of the Regt the delinquent belongs to. 



Col. Litde's Regt. omitted in yesterday's 
orders, is in Gen. Green's Brigside & to be 
posted upon Prospect Hill. 



Head Quartkrb, Cambribgb, | 
Ist Jan, 1776. J 

Parole, The Congress. Countersign, Amer- 
ica. 

General Orders. This day giving com- 
mencement to the new army, which in every 
point of view is entirely Continental, the Gen- 
eral flatters himself that a laudable spirit 
of emulation will now take place, and par- 
vade the whole of it; without such a spirit 
few officers ever arrived to any d^p^e of rep- 
utation, nor did any army ever become for- 
midable. His Excellency hopes that the im- 
portance of the great Cause we are engaged 
in will be deeply impressed upon every man's 
mind, and wishes it to be considered that an 
army without Order, Regularity k Discipline 
is no better than a Commissioned Mob. Let 
us therefore, when everything dear and val- 
uable to Freemen is at stake, when our un- 
natural parent is threatening us with destruc- 
tion from every quarter, endeavour by all the 
skills discipline, in our power to acquire 
that knowledge & conduct which is necessa- 
ry in War. 

Our men are brave and good men who, 
with pleasure it is observed, are addicted to 
fewer vices than are commonly found in ar- 
mies. But it is subordination and discipline 
(the life and soul of an army) which next 
under Providence is to make us formidable 
to our enemies, honorable in ourselves, and 
respected. in the world; and herein is to be 
shown the goodness of the officers. In vain 
is it for a General to issue orders if orders 
are not attended to ; equally vain is it for a 
few officers to exert themselves if the same 
spirit does not animate the whole. It is 
therefore expected, that each Brigadier will 
be attentive to the discipline of his Brigade, 
to the exercise of, and the conduct observed 
in it, calling the Colonels and Field Officers 
of any Regt. to severe account for neglect or 
disobedience of orders. The same attention 
is to be paid by the Field Officers to the re- 



44 



speotive Companies of their Begt's, by the 
Captains to their subalterns, and so on ; and 
that the plea of ignorance, whioh is no ez- 
ouse for the neglect of orders (but rather an 
aggravation,) may not be offered, it is order- 
ed & directed, tlmt not only every Begiment 
but every Oompany do keep an Orderly Book 
to whioh frequent recourse is to be had, it 
being expect^ that all standing Orders be 
rigidly obeyed until altered or countermand- 
ed. It b also expected that all orders, which 
are necessary to be communicated to the men 
be regularly i^ead and carefully explained to 
them. As it is the fixed wish of the Gener- 
al .to have the business of the Army conduc- 
ted without punishment, to accomplish this 
he assures every officer & soldier that, as far 
as it is in his power, he will reward such as 
particularly distinguish themselves ; at the 
same time he declares that he will punish 
every kind of neglect or misbehavior in an 
exemplary manner. As the great variety of 
occurrences & the m^iltiplicity of business 
in which the General is necessarily engaged 
may withdraw his attention from many objects 
and things which might be improved to ad- 
vantage, he takes this opportunity of declar- 
ing that he will thank any Officer of what- 
soever rank for any useful hints or profitable 
information ; but to avoid trivial matters, as 
his time is very much engrossed, he requires 
that it may be introduced through the chan- 
nel of a General Officer, who is to weigh the 
importance before he communicates it. All 
Standing Orders heretofore issued for the 
government of the late army, of which every 
Begiment has or ought to have copies, are 
to be strictly complied with until changed 
or countermanded. Every Begiment now 
upon the new establishment is to give in, 
signed by the Colonel or Commanding Officer, 
an exact list of the Commissioned Officers, 
in order that they may receive Commissions ; 
particular care to be taken that no person is 
included as an Officer but such as have been 
appointed by proper authority ; any attempt 
of that kind in the new army will bring se- 
vere punishment upon the author. The Gen- 
eral will upon any vacancies that may hap- 
pen receive recommendations and give them 



proper consideration; but the Congress iJone 
are competent to the appointment 

An exact return of the strength of each 
Begt. is to be given in as soon as possible, 
distinguishing the number of Militia, and 
such of the old Begts. as are joined for a 
month only, from the established men of the 
Begt This being the day of the commence- 
ment of the New Establishment the General 
pardons all the offences of the Old, and com- 
mands all prisoners (except prisoners of war) 
to be immediately released. 



The following are extracts from General 
Glover's Orders while commanding at Fort 
Arnold : 

Fort Arnold, June 28th, 1778. 

Parole, Washington. Countersign, Lee. 

Gen. Glover acquaints the garrison that it's 
of the utmost importance that the works be 
finished as soon as possible ; he therefore re- 
quests of Officers and Soldiers that they exert 
themselves for that purpose. The Fatigue 
parties to begin work every morning at 5 o* 
clock, leave off at 10, begin again at 3 o'clock 
and work till sundown. 

The Commanding Officer of Artilleiy to 
make return of tho number of men under Ids 
command at this post, of the cannon and sise 
fit for use & the Forts they are mounted in, 
with the quantity of fixed ammunition for each 
gun ; also the number of cannon not fit for use, 
if any there be. The Commanding Officers 
of Regiments are deared to make return of 
the number of arms wanting in their respec- 
tive Regiments. The Commanding Officer 
of the boats will make return of the number 
of boats and scows in his care and where they 
are, also a return of the number of men under 
his command. Detail for Guard to-mor^ 



row. 



Col. Hathorn's 
Col. Hopkins' 



S S C P. 

1 3 23 

1 1 2 23 

1 2 5 46 



46 



Fort Arnold, June 29th, 1778. 

Parole, Independence. Oounteraign Lib- 
erty. 

In future no country people will be permit- 
ted to come into the garrison without a recom- 
mendation from Oovemor Clinton, the Com- 
mittee, Selectmen, or some Militia Officer of 
the town from whence they come. The com- 
manding Officers of Guards to pay a particu- 
lar attention to this order, which is to be a 
standing one until it U revoked. The Gener- 
al returns his thanks to Capt. Storm and the 
Officers and Soldiers of his Company for their 
fleryioes, and assures them that they shall be 
dismissed immediately upon the Company's 
coming into garrison, which is to relieve them 
and is expected this day. Capt. Storm will 
see the arms, ammunition & all stores belong- 
ing to the public returned. The Command- 
ing Officers of Corps of Artillery, Infantry, 
Artificers, & Boatmen are desired to make 
return immediately of the number of men un- 
der their several Commands, that the strength 
of the garrison may be known, with the num- 
ber of arms they have now in possession & 
what are still wanting. 

Adjutant for the day to-morrow, Hend- 
rickson. Details for Guards k Fatigue as 
usual. 

A number of smiths being wanted for the 
public service, any who are in the Levies for 
nine months & incline to go into that service 
shall receive two shillings York Currency, ^ 
ration & 1 Gill of rum per day in addition 
to their present pay & ration, by applying to 
Capt. Dobbs, at Gen. Glover's Quarters. 



Fort Arnold, Srd July, 1778. 

Parole, Salem. Countersign, Ipswich. 

General Glover again requests 'the Out- 
works of the garrison may be finished without 
delay, to efiect which he desires officers & 
men wUl exert themselves when on Fatigue. 

Col. Hopkins will please to superintend the 
Fatigue parties, & is to be obeyed according- 
ly. He will take his Orders from Col. Kob- 
oiuflzko. 



Commissary Elderkin will serve but two 
days' Provisions at a time, while the hot 
weather continues. One day salt (if he has 
it) and one day fresh. 

Details for Fatigue : 

c s. s. p. 

Col. Harthome, 2 6 12 127 

Col. Hopkins, 4 5 10 107 

Capt. Flowers, 2 2 96 

Whipple, 1 2 3 85 

Wheeler, 1 2 109 



7 16 29 524 



Fort Arnold, 4th July, 1778. 

Parole, America. Countersign, Freedom. 

The Colonels or Commanding Officers of 
the York Militia, whoso times are near out, 
are desired to see the arms, ammunition^ and 
pouches, with the tents, bowls, axes, camp- 
kettles, jcc, belonging to the public, all re- 
turned (before the men leave camp,) when 
they will be dismissed with the General's 
thanks for their good services. 

Selling spirituous liquors, cider, &c., to the 
soldiers in this garrison, is strictly forbidden. 
The Q'r Master has full power to carry this 
order into execution, by taxing up all and ev- 
ery person, whose liquor will be forfeited and 
sold, and the money appropriated for the use 
of the sick. The Commanding Officers of 
Col. Greaton's, Nixon's and Putnam's 
Regiments will make return of what men 
they have of the Massachusetts Levies that 
have not been mustered, who must go to 
Fishkill for that purpose on Monday next. 
A Captain and 40 men, properlv officered, 
who are used to boats, to parade at Head 
Quarters to-morrow morning, 5 o'clock, with 
2 days provisions. They will take orders 
from the Engineer, Col. Kosciuszko. 



Details, 


C. 


S. 


s. 


P. 


Col. Harthome, 


1 




1 


12 


Hopkins, 




1 


1 


8 


Whipple, 
Wheeler, 




1 


2 


8 
12 



1 2 4 40 



46 



Fort Arnolb, July llth, 1778. 

Parole, Maryland. Goantersign, Virginia. 

The proceedings of the Court Martial, 
whereof Capt. Wheeler is President, having 
sentenced several persons to receive corporal 
punishment, without any allusion to Section or 
Article of War, which is contrary to the es- 
tablished rules of Courts Martial ; the (Gener- 
al, therefore, for the honor of the army of 
the United States, as well as for the honor of 
the Court, and to do justice to the parties 
concerned, orders the aforesaid Court Martial 
to Bit for the trial of John Tuttle, an Artifi- 
cer, Levi Hunt, Jonathan Morgan, and Peter 
Lesoo, Soldiers in the Continental Anny, and 
all other persons that may be brought before 
them. All evidences and persons concerned 
to attend ; the Adjutant of the day to attend 
the Court, who will furnish the President 
with *the rules and regulations of the Array, 
in which is the law to try and punish all of- 
fenders by full proof of the crime being first 
made to the satisfaction of the Court. They 
will then proceed to make up judgment and 
sentence upon the persons tried, according to 
said law and evidence, having reference to the 
section and article by which he or they are to 
be punished. The Court to sit when the 
members now absent return. 



Fort Arnold, July 20. 1778. 

Parole, Hartford. Countersign^ Providence. 

Guards and Fatigue as usual. 

Adjutant of the day to-morrow, . 

The Continental troops of Colonel Qrea- 
ton*8 BAgiment, at Fort Constitution, to join 
their Reeiment at White Plains immediately. 
Mr. Banks will deliver out to the new levies 
of Col. Greaton's Keg't 173 guns, to Col. 
Nixon's 268, and to Col. Putnam's 77, 
and take receipts from the Commanding Offi- 
cers for them. 



Fort Arnold, July 2ad. 1778. 

Parole, Albany. Countersign, Stillwater. 

Col. Patten's Regiment to join Col. Mai- 

corn's Regiment, and be commanded by 



Lient Col. Burr ; they will be called on for 
duty to-morrow. The Court Martial of which 
Capt. Wheeler was President, is dissolved 
A General Court Martial to sit in the Bar- 
racks to-morrow morning at 9 o'clock, for the 
trial of ail prisoners that may be brought be- 
fore them, Lieut. Col. Burr to preside. 3 
Capts. and 6 Subs, from Lieut. Uol. Burr's 
detachment, 1 Sub. from Col. Greaton's, 1 
Sub. from Col. Nixon's, and 1 Sub. from Col. 
Putnam's, to attend as members. 

Josiah Farrow is appointed to command the 
ship carpenters at thii post, and is to be 
obeyed accordingly. Adjutant from Col. 
Malcom's Regiment to attend the Court Mar- 
tial. 



Details for Fatigue : 

Lieut. Cot. Burr, 
Capt. Wheeler, 
Capt. Whipple, 



C 



ki 



(C 



It 



8. S. C. P. 

2 2 1 S5 

2 75 

1 2 1 35 



3 4 4 145 

From Capt. Flowers, at work at Fort Con- 
stitution, 1 S., 2 S., 2 C, 145 P. 

Guard.*9 as usual. 



The following are from the General Orders 

issued by Gen'l Sullivan on Rhode Island : 

Hkad Quarters, R. Island, > 
Aug. 10th, 1778. j 

Parole, Boston. Countersign, Hancock. 

The Qunrtennastcr General is directed to 
send over all the spare tents and distribute 
them among the troops that are destitute of. 
covering ; also all the canteens. 

The Commanding Officers of Regiments 
and Companies will see their men's arms put 
in the best order for immediate use, and tliat 
they are furnished with cartridges suitable to 
their muskets. Those men woo cannot be 
furnished with tents, are to build huts and 
brush houses to screen themselves firom the 
weather. The Commissary of Military 
Stores, Commissaries of Provisions, and Quar- 
termaster General, will notify the commanders 
of lines, divisions and brigades, where their 



47 



stores are, that they maj know where to apply 
ibr supplies. The troops to be furnished 
with one gill of ram per man each day till 
further orders. An Aid -de-Camp from each 
Major General, and a Brigade Major from 
each Brigadier General, to attend at Head 
Quarters daily, at 10 o'clock in the morning 
and 6 in the evening, for orders. The Com- 
manders of Regiments and Corps, who have 
tents oil the other side of the river, will im- 
mediately send a detachment from their com- 
mand to bring them over. 

The Commanding Officers of Regiments 
and Companies will take some effectual meas- 
ure to prevent the men from destroying the 
abatis round the several forts and redoubts on 
the Island. A party of 200 men, properly offi- 
cered, to be immediately detached from the 2d 
line and the reserve, and to be paraded in front 
of General Lovell's Brigade, Colonel Malma- 
dee to take command of said party ; he will 
immediately apply to Headquarters for orders. 
Stolen, or taken through mistake, yesterday, 
from Mr. Thomas Browning's, a Portmanteau, 
belonging to Major Jeromiah Hill, Commis- 
sary of Prisoners, containing 3 shirts, 8 pr. 
stockings, 2 stocks, 2 waistcoats, 1 pr. breech- 
es, 1 pr. shoes, 1 pr. silver shoe buckles. 
Whoever has got said Portmanteau and cloth- 
ing, and will return them to the owner, shall 
be generously rewarded, and no questions 
asked. 

After Orders.* 10th Aug't, 1778. 

The officers commanding at the advanced 
posts will be very attentive to see that no in- 
habitant of Rhode Island comes within the 
iines, as the General expects that the enemy 
hsive a number of spies amongst us already. 

Major G«n. Hancock is to command the 
second line of the army, and Col. Wm. West 
the reserve. Col. Dyer's Reg't is to join 
Col. Noyes's, and cover the left flank. 

Those Brigade Majors and Adjutants who 
have neglected to make their returns to Head- 
quarters, will hand them in by to-morrow 

(* General Orders were issned in the morning ; 
those issued later in the day were called After Or- 
ders.) 



morning, 8 o'clock, or take the consequence. 
CoL Topham's Resiment to discharge their 
muskets at Retreat beating this evening. 

The Boston Independent Company, com- 
manded by Col. Hichborn, are not to mount 
Guard or go on Fatigue till further orders. 
Col. Livingston will send them upon such 
parties as he shall think proper. The whole 
of the Volunteers who are not joined to any 
particular Corps, are to parade to-morrow 
morning at 8 o^clock, on the Grand Parade, 
and wait for orders. The Officers of the Ar- 
my are requested to send their Sergeants to 
give notice to such of them as they may 
have knowledge of. Wm. Bant and Martin 
Brimmer, Esq's, are appointed Aids<le- 
Camp to Major General Hancock, and Rich- 
ard Carey, and Adam Babcock, Elsq's, Vol- 
unteer Aids. They are to be obeyed and 
respected as such. 

Head Quart krs, Ruodb Island, ) 
11th Aug., 1778. I 

The whole army to hold themselves in read- 
iness to march for Newport to-morrow morn- 
ing at 6 o'clock. One cannon discharged on 
the right of the front line will be a signal for 
the troops to parade ; two, for them to wheel 
by platoons and form the columns; after 
which the discharge of one cannon will be the 
signal for the whole to maroh. The officers 
leading the several columns are again request- 
ed to preserve the proper distance between 
each column, for the purpose of displaying 
with regularity. Col. Grain will give direc- 
tions respecting moving the Field Artillerv. 
The tents to bs struck and loaded with the 
baggage, and remain on the ground of their 
respective encampments until further orders. 
The heavy artillery to move on with the Re- 
serve Park in the rear. The fisisoines and 
Sibions will follow immediately after. The 
uarter Master General to see that the axes 
and intrenching tools are forwarded immedi- 
ately after the army have marohed. 

The pioneers to be drafted from each 
Brigade to level the fences and walls before 
the heads of the columns. The Quarter 
Master General will furnish proper tools for 
that purpose. Major Daniel Lyman is to act 



48 



as a Volunteer Aid to Oen. Sallivan, and is 
to be obeyed and respected aocoidingl?. The 
whole army to be under arms at 4 o'clook 
this afternoon, weather permitting. Those 
corps that have no destination will parade on 
the ground they at present occupy. Major 
'JAOob-Morm ia^ act as a Volunteer Aid to 
■C , Major Gren. Green^ and is to be respected ac- 
cordingly. The army will immediately fur- 
nish themselres with three days provisions, a 
third part of which is to be dressed this day. 

Major General for the day. Marquis de la 
Fayette. Brigadier, Sherburne. Field Offi- 
cers, Col. Topham, Lt. Gol. Sprout, Major 
Bradford. Brigade Major for the day. Handy. 

Hkad Quartkrs, Aug. 13th, 1778. 

Major Gen. for the day to-morrow. Marquis 
de la Fayette. Brig'r. for the day Yarnum. 
Field Officers, Col. Miller, Lt. Col. Haskell, 
Major Huntington. Brigade Major for the 
day, Holden. 

Lost yesterday, somewhere between How- 
land's Ferry & Col. Craft's Encampment, a 
silver watch with a pinchbeck chain; whoever 
has found said watch k will return it to Dan- 
iel Parks of the Volunteer Company from 
Boston, shall be handsomely rewarded. 

Col. Noyes to command the flanking divi- 
sion on the left, Adjt. Thomas Noyes to act 
as Brigade Major to Col. Commt. Noyes; he 
is to be obeyed k respected accordingly. 

It is with the most sensible pain the Gen- 
eral sees the difficulties his brave Officers & 
Soldiers are exposed to by the violence of the 
storm, & sincerely wishes that anything in his 
power could contribute to their relief. He 
nowever flatters himself that they will bear 
with a soldierly patience a misfortune which 
in War must frequently happen, & hopes that 
in a few days they will be well rewarded for 
all their toil & hardships. 

After a complete conquest over our enemies, 
to look back and reflect upon the toil &; dan- 
ger we surmounted to obtam victory, must af- 
ford us the greatest satisfaction & compel the 
world to admire the patience k firmness of the 
Conquerors, as well as applaud their bravery. 
The General entreats the Officers Command- 
ing Brigades, Regts. and Companies to do ev- 



erything in their power to make their men as 
comfortable as their atuation will possibly ad- 
mit, and that the security of the arms and 
ammunition be particularly attended to. The 
Commissary will deliver the troops 1^ gill of 
rum per man to-day, and 1 gill per man each 
day afterwards, till further orders. 

The Quarter Master General is requested 
to do everything in his power to procure tents 
or other coverings for those troops who have 



none. 



Head Quarters, 14th August, 1778. 

Major General for the day to-morrow, 

Green. 

Brigadier for the day. Ijovell. 

Field Officers, Col. Carey, Lt. Col. Col- 



man. 



Brigade Major for the day, Niles. 

The Commanding Officers of Brigades, 
Regiments, Corps and Companies wUl see 
that their men's arms are put in the best or- 
der for immediate use. They will also order 
their men to discharge such of thoir pieces as 
they shall find necessary some time this after- 



noon. 



All the troops to be supplied with two days 
provisions, and to be in readiness to march 
precisely at 6 o'clock to-morrow morning. 

The Quarter Master General, Commissary 
of Military Stores, and Commissary of Pro- 
visions will have everything in their depart- 
ment in the most perfect readiness. 

The Regimental Surgeons are directed to 
make returns every other day of their sick 
to the Director- General of the Hospital, spec- 
ifying their Regiment, Company and disorder ; 
also of medicines, lint, bandages, &c. want- 
ing, that they may be supplied. 

The returns of invalids called for sometime 
since, is deficient from several corps. 

Col. Sherburne and Col. Long are to act 
as Yolunteer Aids to Major Gen. Sullivan ; 
they are to be obeyed and respected accord- 
ingly. 

The pickets to parade predsely at 12 
o'clock, the army being under orders to 
march to-morrow morning at 6 o'clock. The 
following order of march is to be observed, 
namely : 



49 



The Brigades of the first line to advance 
by the centre in oolnmns of two platoons in 
froat; Varnnrn's Brigade to march on the 
West Road; Olover's on the East Road; 
ComelPs and Oreen's in the centre between 
them, taking care to divide the ground be- 
tween the roads as nearly as possible. The 
two Brigades of the second line to advance 
by their centre in columns of two platoons in 
front. This line will advance in two columns 
only, notwithstanding the plan of the order 
of march heretofore given out. The two col- 
umns of the second line will preserve the 
proper distance between them for displaying. 
The two Regiments of Reserve will advance 
from the centre of each in like columns, and 
preserve the proper distance for displaying. 

Ool. Crane will arrange the artillery of 
ibe right wing and send it on the West road, 
and that of the left on the £ast road. 

General Whipple with the New Hamp- 
shire troops will flank the army on the right. 
General Tyler with the Connecticut troops 
will flank the army on the left These two 
flanking divisions will march by platoons in 
the manner represented in the Plan of the 
Order of March, at the distance of fifty rods 
from the wing of the army when formed, 
and preserve that distance. Col. Dyer will 
move his regiment to the right and divide 
it equally, and with one half cover the right 
of the 1st line, and with the other the right 
of the 2nd line. Col. Noyes will divide his 
regiment in like manner to cover the left of 
the first and second Lines. 

General Whipple will detach from his com- 
mand one hundred men to flank the Reserve 
on the right General Tyler will detach one 
hundred men from his command to flank the 
Reserve on the left. These parties will each 
be commanded by a Field Officer. 

The Salem Volunteers wiU join that part 
of CoL Noyes's Regiment which covers the 
left of the flrst line. The signals for parad- 
ing, wheeling and marching will be the same 
as in the Orders of the 11th inst All sig- 
nals of the drum will be taken from the brig- 
ade on the right of the 1st line, and wUl 
pass from it through the whole array. When 

(7) 



the Troop beats, it will be a signal for the 
columns to move up in order to display. 
When the drum beats to arms, the lines and 
reserve with the covering parties to the 1st 
and 2nd lines will display and form in Or- 
der of Battle. The flanking division on the 
right and left, will halt and wait for orders. 
Pioneers to be immediately drafted from each 
Corps, who are to be furnished by the Quar- 
ter Master with the proper tools for the re- 
moving obstructions in the roads and fields 
before the columns. The light corps will 
move on at least a mile in front of the army. 
Col. Crane will order two heavy pieces of 
artillery mounted on field carriages to move 
on in the east road, and two more in 
the west road. The Commanding Offi- 
cers of Corps will see that the arrange- 
ments are properly fixed to day, that each 
one may know his place in the morning. 
Col. lAngdon. with his Dragoons, and 
Col. Slack with his Light Horse, will attend 
at Head Quarters in the morning. 

Head Quarters, Rhode Island, 1 
Aug. 15th, 1778. f 

Major General for the day, to-morrow, 
Hancock. Brigadier for the day, Titcomb. 
Field Officers, Ool. Jacobs, Lieut Col. Woods, 
Major Wilson. Brigade Major for the day, 
Titcomb. 

Col. Bigelow will take command of Gen- 
eral Glover's Brigade. Adjutant Lamerd 
of Col. Shepard's Regiment, will do Brigade 
Major's duty till further orders. 

Major Thomas Fosdick and Mr. John Tra- 
cy are appointed Aids-de-Camp to General 
Glover; they are to be respected and obeyed 
accordingly. 

Head Quarters, Rhode Island, 1 
August 16th, 1778. j 

o o «> The whole of Col. Noyes's Reg- 
iment to cover the left of the second line. 
The Boston Independent Company to join the 
Salem Volunteers, and cover the left of the 
front line. General Glover will give direc- 
tions where they are to be encamped. ^ ° 



50 



Hbad Quarters, Bhodb Island, 1 
Aug. I7th, 1778. J 

After Orders, o o o Major Morton is 
appointed Aid-de-Camp to Major General 
Hancock.' Gapt Stephen Sewall and Buftis 
King Esq'rs, are appointed Aids-de-Camp to 
General Glover; they are to be respected 
and obeyed accordingly. 



Hbad Quarters, Gamp bbforb Newport, ) 

Aug. 20th, 1778. J 

Major General for the day, to-morrow. 
Green. Brigadier for the day, Lovell. Field 
Officers, Gol. Hawes, Lieutenant Gol. Pope, 
Major Fenno Brigade Major, Niles. 

The General positively orders that no 
officers commanding Fatigue parties, shall 
suffer them to come off the Works until they 
are regalarly relieved, or dismissed by the 
Major General of the day. The (V>urt Mar- 
tial, whereof Brigadier General Vamum is 
President, to sit to-morrow, to try Gol. Noy- 
cs for taking off the Fatigue party without 
orders and without having been relieved. 

The Quarter Master General to apply to 
the Adjutant General for a proper number 
of hands to bury the offal of the catlle killed 
about camp; also the carcases of dead oxen 
and horses about the island. Gol. £vans 
will give orders for burying those on the 
North part of the Island. 

The General entreats his bravo officers and 
soldiers to use their utmost efforts in carry- 
ing on their approaches to the enemy's lines. 
Though a noble spirit of patriotism brought 
numbers of brave men on the ground whose 
particular interest loudly called for their 
presence at home, and though the General 
is convinced that the public interest vrill 
still prevail over every other consideration, 
yet he wishes to do everything in his power 
to forward the return of those brave men to 
their respective families and business; for 
which reason he exhorts every one to use 
their best endeavors to make the siege as 
short as possible. 

While the Gommander-in-Ghief esteems 
it his duty to return his warmest acknowl- 
edgments to the truly spirited Gitisens of 



Salem, Marblehead &o.» who so cheerfully 
turned out to take charge of the boats, and 
who have hitherto executed their trust to so 
universal satisfaction, he cannot help ex- 
pressing his concern, that the term of time 
they a^eed for, is so nearly expired ; it gives 
him the most sensible pain to reflect that tiie 
unfavorable weather, the absence of the 
French Fleet and some other unforeseen and 
unfortunate events, have lengthened out Uie 
operations far beyond his expectations aod 
lay him under a necessity of calling on those 
men [who ought to return home with the 
thanks of the army and country in generalj 
to continue the sacrifice they are making c^ 
their private interest for a few days longer, 
to see the business they are so nobly engaged 
in completed, and this Island again restored 
to the Domination of the United States. 

A return of the names of the Field Offi- 
cers to be made to Head Quarters at Order- 
ly time this evening. 

Lt. Gol. G. S. S. G. D. P. 
1 2 6 6 100 



Detail. 



Hrao QtJARTRRd, Aug. 24th, 1778. 

Major General for the day to-morrow. 
Marquis de La Fayette. Brigadier, Glover. 

° * ^ The company of Salem Volun- 
teers will immediately march to Rowland's 
Ferry and put themselves under the com- 
mand of Gol. Lee, to suard the boats, and to 
man them when occasion may require. Two 
hundred men properly officered and command- 
ed by a Lieutenant Golonel to be taken from 
Whitney's and Wadsworth's Regiments, and 
march this afternoon at 4 o'clock, to Butts* 
Hill and put themselves under the command 
of Gol. Evans to assist the men now on the 
ground in constructing the necessary works; 
those men should be principally such as are 
acquainted with boats, that they may be able 
to man them when called upon for that pur- 
pose. The Quarter Masters and Gommissa- 
ries are to remove all their heavy stores not 
immediately wanted to the North end of the 
Island. All the heavy baggage should be 
sent off that the army may not be encum- 



51 



bered with it in time of aotion. The men 
fiwm General Titoomb's Brigade which have 
joined GoL Lawrence's Corps are immediate- 
ly to letarn to their lespeotiTe Begiments. 

Afi it gives much trouble to furnish the 
Light Horsemen and Dragoons with passes 
to cross the Ferry every time they are sent 
on business* they are to pass and repass 
without written passes. The Picket which 
Uea in rear of the battery now erecting on 
the right, are to move down the road in front 
of the battery every evening at dark, and 
return again at daybreak. 

The Qeneral cannot help lamenting the 
sudden and unesEpected departure of the 
French Fleet, as he finds it has a tendency 
to discourage some who placed great d^nd- 
enoe on the assistance of it. Though he 
cannot by any means suppose tius army, or 
any part of it, the least endangered by this 
movement. The enemv now on the Island 
are tax inferior in number to this army and 
are so sensible of their inferiority that noth- 
ing <Hui tempt them to an action. This su- 
periority we shall maintain so long as the 
spirit and ardor of the Americans continue 
to be the same as it was at the commence- 
ment of the enterprise, unless the enemy 
receives a strong re-enforoement This is 
the only event which can oblige us to aban- 
don any part of the Island we are now pes 
sesded of; and this event cannot take place 
in an instant ; a considerable time will be 
required for a fleet to come into the harbour, 
come to anchor and land a body of troops 
sufficient to make the number of the enemy 
equal to ours. 

The General assures his army that he has 
taken into consideration every event that can 
possibly happen to it, and has guarded in 
such a manner, that in case the most disa- 
grceable event, viz: that of a retreat should 
take place, it could be done with the utmost 
safety. He is fully sensible of the value 
those brave officers, soldiers and citizens [he 
has the honor to command] are to America, 
and is determined that no rash steps shall 
make a sacrifice of them. At the same time 
he wishes them to place the proper eonfi- 
dence in him as their Commander-in Chief, 



whose business it is to attend to their safety. 
He yet hopes the event will prove America 
able to procure with her own arms that which 
her allies refused to assist her in obtain- 
ing. 



o o o 






Head Quarters, Rhodb Island, 1 
Aug. 27th, 1778. J 

o o o Captain Flagg, commander of 
the Salem Volunteers, with his company are 
to take charge of the boats at Howland* s 
Ferry, o o o 

HSAD QUARf«R^ RilODS ISLAND, ) 

Aug. 28, 1778. I 
o o o o o The Boston Independent 
Company, commanded by Col. Hichbom, 
having remained on the ground much longer 
than was expected they would be under a 
necessity of doing, and their private business 
demanding their return home, the General 
dismisses them with his thanks for their 
soldierly conduct and faithful services. ^ ^ 

Hbap Quartbrs, Rhodb Island, 

Aug. ::^0, 1778. 

Brigadier. Vamum. 

Field Officers, CoL Sherburne, Lt. Col. 
Sprout, Major Wmd. B. Major, Richmond. 

Capt. Garwln Brown, of CoL Jackson's 
R^ment, is to act as Brigade Miyor to Col. 
Livingston, Commander of the Light Corps. 
A return of the army to be made te-mor- 
row, at 6 o'clock in the afternoon. 

With inexpressible satisfaction the Com- 
mander-in-Chief views the heroic fortitude 
and firmness of his army in the action of 
yesterday. He most sincerely thanks Maj. 
General Green, the Brigadier Generals and 
Commandants of the 1st Line, with the 
brave officers and soldiers under their com- 
mand, and Brig. Gen. Lovell, of the 2d 
Line, with his brave officers and soldiers, for 
their intrepidity, which they showed in re- 
peatedly repulsing the enemy, and finally 
driving them from the field of action. Col. 
H. B. Livingston and Col. Lawrence, with 
the officers and soldiers of their respective 
corps, are entitled to the General's warmest 
thanks. Col. Crane and the officers and men 



52 



of the oorps of Artillery under his oommand, 
truly merit the applause and thanks of the 
General and all the officers of the army, for 
the great support afforded to the troops by 
the well served and directed fire of the Ar- 
tillery. Those who were not ooncemed in 
action, the General has the satis&ction of 
saying that their ardour for action seemed to 
equal those brave men who attacked, and, in 
his opinion, nothing but want of oppor- 
tunity prevented their giving the most am- 
ple proof of their valour and firmness. The 
General congratulates the army upon the 
victory obtained, and directs that the brave 
officers who nobly fell in action, be interred 
with all the honors of war. The Commis- 
sary to apply to Dr. Tillotson for directions 
where to send on mutton and other necessa- 
ries for the use of the wounded officers and 
soldiers. The General expects that those who 
have charge of them will not suffer them to 
want for any comforts of life which can be 
obtained for any price. A party of 100 
men from the 1st Line, to collect and bury 
the dead men of our army which fell in ac- 
tion. A return of the kUled, wounded and 
missing to be made to Head Quarters. 

Gen'l Whipple is to cross the Ferry at 
Tiverton, and collect what Continental troops 
and militia are there unnecessarily, and return 
them immediately to their corps on this 
Island. He will likewise regulate the neces- 
sary guards on that shore. Col. Thos. Seers, 
Major Bogers, and Major Hiller, of Col. 
Wadsworth's Regiment, are to repair to 
Howland's Ferry, and assist Capt. Flagg in 
the department of the baats. 



TivKRTON, August 31 St, 1778. 

General Orders. The General congratu- 
lates his army upon their retreat from an 
island, and in the face of an enemy, which, 
by comparing their numbers with his last 
return, were superior to him, and had be- 
sides the command of the water. Under 
these circumstances, to perform a retreat 
with so much regularity, without any confu- 
sion or disorder, and without the least loss | 



of stores or lives in the retreat, must refleet 
the highest honor on the brave troops he baa 
the honor to command. 

The troops which compose the Light Corps 
are to join their respective Regiments imme- 
diately. The Light Corps are dissolved. 

The General returns his thanks to the of- 
ficers and soldiers for their faithful aervioea. 
Col. Trumbull, Col. Cary, Col. Sherburne, 
Major Russell and Major Sullivan, Voluiv- 
teer Aids to the Commander-in-Chief, are 
dismissed with the General's thanks for their 
faithful and spirited conduct 

The whole of the Rhode Island Militia, 
as well Horse as Foot, are dismissed with 
the General's thanks for their services. AU 
the sick and wounded of the army to be re- 
moved to Providence as soon as may be done 
without endangering them. 

General ComeU's Brigade to be stationed 
on Tiverton Shore, Daggett's Regiment to be 
stationed, one-half at Slade's Ferry on the 
North side of the river, and the other half 
in the neighborhood of Fall River. Gexk 
Yamum's Brigade to take post at Bristol & 
Warren, divided as he shall think best for 
the defence of those posts. 

Gen. Glover's Brigade and Jackson's Corps 
to take post at Providence. Col. Comnit. 
Green's Brigade to take post in the neighbor- 
hood of East Greenwich. Gten. Tyler's aft 
Warwick, Gen. Lovell's and Titeomb's at 
Pawtuzit. 

The troops on the Western Shore to be com- 
manded by Major Gtin. Green, those on the 
Eastern Shore by Major Gen. Marquis de La 
Fayette, the troops at Providence by B. Gen- 
oral Glover. 

All the articles taken from the batteriea, 
forts and posts in this State to be replaced as 
soon as possible, and to be furnished with 100 
rounds each. Col. Crane will order the field 
pieces to be distributed as he shall think pro- 
per. The Guard Ships to be famisbed witb 
60 rounds per gun. The boats are to be re- 
moved to Dighton and placed under a proper 
Guard drawn from Daggett's Regt. Gea. 
Cornell will see this business performed . Capt. 
Clark with his men will assist in getting tbe 
boats to the place of destination, and then pnv* 




53 



oeed on board tbe Guard Ship. The several 
troops will moye for the posts assigned them 
to-morrow morning. The General cannot in 
justice to the merit of Oen. Cornell, Oen. 
Whipple, Col. Olnej and the other officers, 
who directed the embarkation of the troops 
last evening, conclude the orders of this day 
without returning those gentlemen his most 
cordial thanks for the great care and attention 
thoj paid to the embarking the troops and 
pasaing the artillery and baggage from the 
inland to the main. 

All tbe soldiers who have more than 20 
rounds will return them to the Quarter Mas- 
ter of their respective Regiments. The can- 
non and troops to be taken off Gold Island im- 
inediately. 

The General returns his thanks to Col. 
Crane, Gbvion and the Corps of Engineers for 
their indefatigable industry in erecting the 
batteries and carrying on the approach towards 
Newport. 



Providkncr, 8d Sept., 1778. 

Brigade Orders.* Tbe General with con- 
cern hears there was great disorder among 
the soldiers on the evening of the 2nd inst. 
fie wishes to know the cause. He is much 
surprised that soldiers, who have hitherto 
done themselves so much honour by their 
brave and soldierlike good conduct, should 
inar the whole by their late mutinous beha- 
viour. He cannot be brought to believe it 
proceeded from a vicious disposition, but from 
mistake ; he hopes no disorder of this kind 
will ever happen in his Bn^ade a^in, as the 
offenders would wish to avoid punishment. 

Grievances (if any there be) when repre- 
sented in a proper manner will always be at- 
tended to, and redressed so hr as in the pow- 
er of the officers ; but mutiny, disobedience 
of oiders, and every other crime will be pun- 
isbed agreeably to the nature of the offence. 
The Roll to be called twice a day, the absen- 
tees to be punished by a Regimental Court 
Martial, according to the nature of their of- 
fence ; the officers will attend. And to pre- 

*( Of General Glover.) 



vent disorders for the future, the General re- 
quests that the officers will lay in camp, (as 
they must consider themselves answerable for 
the conduct of their men,) without which they 
cannot pay that attention which is necessary 
to good order and discipline. The Brigade is 
to be mustered to-morrow. 



Hkad Quartbrs, Providxnck, ) 
Sept. 5th, 1778. J 

General Orders. • ♦ • Majore King 
and Sewall, having served as Volunteer Aids 
to General Glover in the hite expedition 
against Rhode Island, and having merited 
the approbation of General Glover, the Com- 
mander-in-Chief dismisses them with his 
thanks for their faithful services. The Fa- 
tigue party to be continued as usual till fur- 
ther orders. The B. Major of the day to fur- 
nish the Field Offioera of the day, and the 
Commandera of Ghiards with the Parole and 
Countersign. 

General Glover's Brigade and Col. Jack- 
son's Detachment, will move from their pres- 
ent encampment to the North end of the 
town over the Mill Bridge as soon as possible. 
The Quarter Master General, will point out 
the ground for their encampment. As it ev- 
idently appean that the inhabitants in the 
neighborhood of Providence are exacting from 
the officere and soldiera the most exorbitant 
price for articles of various kinds, the Gener- 
al orden that Brigadier General Glover, Col- 
onels Shepard and Jackson, and Lieutenant 
Colonel Sprout, be a committee to point out 
some method for employing persons from the 
army to go into the country to purchase arti- 
cles at reasonable prices and deal them out to 
the officers and soldiera ; also to prevent those 
extortionera selling any articles to the army ; 
this committee to meet at 4 o'clock this after- 
noon and make report as soon as may be. 
The articles purchased by the persons appoin- 
ted shall be transported to the armv at the 
public expense. The committee will point 
out the most convenient mode for its being 
done. 



54 



Pboviokmck. 7th Sept., 1778. 

Brigade Orders.* Great oomplainrB hav- 
ing been made by the inhabitants that the 
fbnntains of water are moch injared by the 
soldiers washing their clothes, and the wag- 
goners watering their horses at them, for the 
future no clothes will be allowed to be wash- 
ed in, nor any horae^ suffered to drink at 
said fountains. 

It is desired the officers will see this order 
strictly attended to and implicitly obeye<l; 
further complaints, that the rails and fences 
are taken by the soldiers and barnt. by which 
the £elds of the inhabitants are laid waste and 
their property destroyed, which is not only 
distresang to individuals, but injurious to the 
public. The Quarter Masters of Regiments 
will see the troops properly supplied with 
wood, when if any soldier is detected in burn- 
ing rails or fences of any kind, he or they 
shall be immediately punished without favour 
or affection 

Fkovidbnck. Sept. 7th, 1778. 

Brigade After Orders. John M'CuIler, 
James M 'Culler, Solomon Stow, of Captain 
Barnes* Company, Colonel Bigelow*s Regi- 
ment, being confined in the Main Guanl for 
exciting and endeavoring to raise a mutiny 
in said regiment, which by the 8d Article of 
the 2nd Section of the Articles of War, is 
death. — Mutiny is a crime of the most dan- 
gerous nature and ought to be punished in a 
most exempUry manner ; but the Gkneml 
having receivea a petition from the offimdersi, 
in which h appears they are fully sensible of 
their errors, for which they acknowledge it 
wonld be just to punit^h them, at the same 
time plead the disgrace it would bring on 
their ikmllies, and promising obedience to or- 
ders and that they never will for the future 
be guilty of any misdemeanor whatever — from 
th€»e conriderations, and from a wish to avoid 
punishing if any other means can be found to 
reclaim, as well as from the assurance received 
from C^aptain Barnes that they will not be 
guilty of the like conduct again, — the Gen- 
eral is induced for this once to forgive them, 

*(0f Geneial GloTer.; 



and directs that they be released from their oon- 
fioement, and that they nuke an a<^noirfadg- 
ment to Captain Ball on the parade to-mor- 
row morning at Guard mounting, at which 
time the 3d Article, 2nd Section, of the Arti- 
cles of War will be read to them. 

The Gen. begs leave to return his warmest 
thanks 4o Gapt. Ball for hi.^ spirited and sol- 
dierlike eonnnct in suppressing the mutiny. 



Providence, 12th Sept., 1778. 
Brigade Orders. 

Adjutant of the day to-morrow. Smith. 
Onlerly Sergeant for Head Quarters from Col. 
Wigglesworth. 

All the men off duty to parade dressed 
clean and neat as possible with their arms in 
the best order, to attend public worship to- 
morrow. The General expects the officers 
will see this order executed. 



Pbovidbncb, Sept. 19th. 1778. 
Brigade Orders. 

• * ♦ The Brigade to be paraded to-mor- 
row morning, dressed clean to attend Public 
Worship. 

The gentlemen who can nng are deared to 
take the singers' seat in the gallery. 



Hbad Quarters, Providbnob, > 
Sept 21st. 1778. j 

The following resolutions of Congress were 
passed at Philadelphia the 9th inst: "That 
the retreat made by Gen. Sullivan with the 
troops under his command from Rhode Island 
was prudent, timely and well conducted, and 
the Congress highly approve of the same. 
That the thanks of Congress be given to Ma- 
jor General Sullivan and to the Officers and 
Trooos under hb Command, for their fortitude 
and bravery displayed in the action of the 29th 
Aug. in which they repulsed the British for- 
ces and maintained the field. That Gongresa 
have a high sense of the patriotic exertions 
made by the four Eastern atates on the late 



=>•<■» 



55 



expedition against Rhode Island. That Mr. 
President be requested to inform the Marquis 
de La Fayette that Congress have a due sense 
of the sacrifice he made of his personal feel- 
ings, in undertaking a journey to Boston with 
a view of promoting the interest of these states 
at a time when an occaaon was daily expect- 
ed of his acquiring glory in the field, and that 
his gallantry in going on Rhode Island when 
the greatest part of the army had retreated, & 
his good conduct in bringing off the {Nokets 
and out sentinels, deserve their particular ap- 
probation. That Major Morris, Aid de Camp 
to Major Gbn. Sullivan, who brought forward 
to Congress the accounts of the repulse of the 
British forces on Rhode Island on the 29th 
Aug., and who in the kte expedition, as well as 
on several other occasions, behaved with great 
spirit and good conduct, is promoted to the 
rank of Lieut. Col. by brevet." • * • 



Providbnok, 27th Sept., 1778. 

Brigade Orders. 

Adjutant for the day to-morrow, Nazro. 

Capt. Peirce's Company of Artillery an- 
nexed to the Brigade being the only troops 
from the Southward in this department, and 
there being no stores provided by the Htate to 
which he belongs to be had here, Mr. Lyman 
will deliver to Capt. Peirce and the Company 
under his command stores of every species 
agreeably to the orders of the 23d. The 
troops will have to-day to clean and spruce 
themselves up for the review to-morrow, when 
the whole off duty will attend with their arms 
and accoutrements in the best order. 



PROVIDBNCE, 9th Oct., 1778. 

Brigade Orders. 

Daniel Tift, an inhabitant of this town near 
the encampment, complains that his woodland 
is much damased by the Soldiers' felling trees, 
particularly those of the chesnut kind, which 
can only be for the sake of the nuts. The 
Commanding Officers of Regts. are called up- 
on to put a stop to such base proceedings, and 



at the same time the Soldiers may rest assured 
that if any one is detected in the like offence, 
he will be brought to the severest punishment. 



Peovidhnck, 12th March, 1779. 

Brigade Orders. Thomas Fosdick Bsq., 
late Briffade Major, having at his own request 
obtained an honorable discharge from the 
army, the Brigadier takes this opportunity to 
return his thanks for his long and feiUiful 
services. 



Hbad Quartbbs, 18th March, 1779. 

After Orders. Brigadier General Varnum 
having this day notified the Commander-in- 
Chief that he has transmitted a final resig- 
nation of his Commission to Congress, and 
that he is under the disagreeable necessity of 
quitting the service of the United States : 

The Qeneral esteems it his duty to return 
his sincere and most cordial thanks to Briga- 
dier General Varnum for his brave, spirited 
and soldierlike conduct while acting unaer his 
immediate command in this department, and 
sincerely laments that an officer, who by his 
conduct has merited so much from the public, 
should be under the disagreeable necessity of 
leaving a service where nis exertions as an 
officer would have been of essential advantage 
bad he been able to continue in the army. 



Hkad Quartirs, 28th March, 1779. 

Parole, France. Countersign, Spain. 

Field Officer to-morrow, Colonel Bigelow. 

The Gkneral being called from this depart- 
ment notifies the army that the military com- 
mand will devolve on General Glover, after 
this day until the arrival of Major General 
Gates. 

As he purposes setting out on Monday next, 
he cannot, in justice to the troops which he 
has had the honor to command, quit the de- 
partment without returning his most unfeign- 
ed thanks to the officers in every department 
and to the soldiers for their spirited conduct 







56 



aod regular behaviour od all occasioas ; though 
he deeply regrets the neoessity which calls 
him from them, be is happy to fiad he is to 
be succeeded by an able and experienced offi- 
cer, who cannot fail to paj every attention to 
troops whose soldierly exertions must endear 
them to every Commander. * ♦ * 



6th April. 1779. 

Brigade Orders, The General presents 
his compliments to the Commissioned and 
Staff Officers of his Brigade and requests the 
favor of their company to dine at Hacker's 
Hall to-morrow, with the Honorable Major 
General Gates. 

Dinner at 2 o'clock. 



lOth April. 1779. 
Brigade Orders. The troops to attend 
public worship to-morrow afternoon, drest as 
clean and neat as possible. 



5th May. 1779. 
Brigade Orders. Every officer and soldier 
off duty to attend public worship to-morrow 
at the Reverend Mr. Manning's meeting- 
house. 



April 7th, 1779. 

List of the Officers of the late Col. Wig- 
elesworth*s Regiment, now commanded by 
Major Porter : 

OoUmel^ (vacant.) 
lA, Oohnel, <* 
Major, John Porter. 

Captains. 

1, Noah Allen. 4, John K. Smith. 

2, Dan'l Pilsbunr. 5, Peter Page. 

3, Nich's Blasdel. 6. Ebenezer Smith. 

Oc^ftain Lteutenani, ChrisV Woodbridge 
Lieuienanii. 

1, Thos. Smart, Pay^ 5, Wm.Wiggles- 

moiier, worth. 

2, John Fowle, Ad- 6. Leonard Miller. 

jutani, 7, Benjamin Dana. 

3, Walter Deane. 8, Wm. Greenlief. 

4, John Phelan. 



Mmfffu. 

1, Ephraim Emery. 5, Wm. Baker. 

2, Joseph Trenton. 6, Josiah Miller. 

3, Jacob Brown. 7, Ed'wd Annable. 

4, James Greene. QV 

Master. 

Surgeon, Ivory Hovey. 
Mate, Silas Holbrook. 



April 9th, 1779. 

List of Officers of Col. Shepard's Regi- 
ment, (3d Mass :) 

Colonel, Wm. Shepard. 
Lieutenant' Colonel, Eben'r Sprout. 
Major, Lobbeus Ball. 

Captains. 

1, Moses Knapp. 4, Tbo. Fish. 

2, Isaac Pope. 5, Simon Lamed.* 

3, Geo. Webb. 6, John Wright.t 

Caq[>ta%n'Lieutenani, Wm. Moore, t 
Lieutenants. 

1, Eben'r Field. 5, Sam'l Snow. 

2, Lebbeus Drew. 6, Sam'l Chapin. 

3, Eben Holbrook. 7, Edw'd Walker. 

4, John Felt. 8, Simeon Spring. 

Bnsigns. 

1, Eben'r Bemus. 6, Benj'n Ray. 

2, Haskell Freeman. 7. Thomas Covell. 

8, Thomas Cole. 

9, Levi Bradley. 



3, Jabez Bill. 

4, John Davis. 

5, John Yeomans. 



Surgeon, Pelatiah Warren. 
M(Ue, Eben'r Makepeace. 



List of the Officers of Col. Bigelow's 
Regiment : 

Captains. 

1, Adam Martin. 4, Joshua Brown. 

2, Joseph Hodgkins. 5, (vacant.) 

3, Silyanus Smith. 6, Phineas Bowman. 



(* Appointed March 90, 1778, inUeaof Capt. 
Keep, resigned.) 

Ct A]>pointed Maich 80di, 1779, vice C^it Slay- 
ton, rengned.) 

{X Vice Ci^tBin-Lieatenant Lyman, who has left 
the army as a sopemamerary.) 




57 



Oaptain-lAeutenant, John Peiroe. 

LieuUnanis. 

1, MoBcs Bobertd. 5, Abner Dow. 

% Oubriel Hoadin. 6, Joseph Browa. 

3, (vacant.) 7, Joel Pratt. 

4, Win. Grossman. 8, (vacant.) 

Surgeon, Jas. E. Finley. 

Ensigns. 

1, Josiab Washburn. 5, John Porter. 

2, John Kennedy. 6, Joshua Peiroe. 

3, John Stowers. 7, Wm. Bancroft. 

4, Henry Marble. 8, Dan*l Symonds. 



List of the Officers of Col. Vose's Reg't : 

Colonel, Joseph Vose. 
LietUenanl-Oolond, Elijah Vose. 
Afafor, Thomas Cogswell. 
Surgeons Mate, Josiah Fiske. 

Oa^^ains. 

1, Moses Ashley. 5, Abra'm Hunt. 

2, Nathi ClUihing. 6, Jeremiah Miller, 

3, Orringh Stoddai'd. Paymaster, 

4, Oeorge Smith. 

Capiaii^LietUenant, Archclaus Lewis. 

LdetUenanis. 

1, John Mills. 8, Oliver Hunt. 

2, Belcher Hancock. 9, John Grace. 

3, Francis Greene, 10, llsilph H. Bowles, 

4, Alexander Orr. Adjutant. 

5, Jesse Hollistcr. 11, NathU Nai>on. 

6, Ehen'r Williams. 12. NathM Stone. 

7, Thomas Gushing. 

Ensigns, 

1, Benj*n Wells, 3, James Webb. 

2, Azariah Eglcston, 4, Elisha Gilbert. 

Quartermaster, 5, Jonathan Rawson. 



List of the Company of Volunteers from 
Salem, commanded by Gapt. Samuel Fiagg :* 

* Copied from an old manuscript in the posses- 
sion of James Ropes Esq. of Salem, a grandson of 
Benj. Bopes, the first named on the list. Beiyamin 
Bopes held a commission as " Second Lieatenant 
in a company of liatnisses stationed at Salem, 
whereof John Symonds is Captain/' signed by the 
major part of the Council and dated June 21st, 1 777. 

(8) 



1, 

2. 
8 



6 



8 
9 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
8 
9 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
.35 
36 
37 
38 
39 



Benj*n Bopes. 40, Jona. Tucker. 
Oeorge Smith. 41, Daniel Cheever. ' 
Caleb Smith. 42, Benj'n Peters. 
David Boyoe. 43, Sam'l Tacker. 
Wm. Gerald. 44, Ezekiel Wellman. 
Simon GKirdner. 45, Bobert Peele. 
John Chamber- 46, Ellis Mansfield, 
lain. 47, Nathan Peiroe. 

Benj. Hathome. 48, Aaron Waitt. 
Wm. Lang. 49, Bobert Cook. 

Joseph Young. 50, Sam'l Bopes. 
Geo. Williams. 51, Wm. Osborne. 

52, Asa Peiroe. 

53, John Barr. 

54, Josiah Austin. 

56, Benj'n Cloutman. 

57, Jeruth' I Peiroe. 

58, James Eaton. 

59, James Bott. 

60, Benj*n Fry. 

61, Isaac Needham. 

62, Thoa. Needham. 
Abijah Northey. 63, Zach. Burohmore. 
Sam'l Grant. 64, SamU Webb. 
John Fisk. 65, Eben Peiroe. 
Simon Forrester. 66, Benj*n Warren. 
Fran's B Dennis. 67, James Walker. 
Sara'lBlyth. 68, Jos. Mansfield. 
Joshua Dodge. 69, Eben. Porter. 
Jona. Haraden. 70, Daniel Peirce. 

71, Henry Higginson. 



Jona. Peele. 

Jona. Gardner. 

Jacob Ashton. 

Barth'w Putnam. 55, John Pi 



Sam'l Ward. 
Geo. Dodge. 
Benj. Gkx)dhue. 
Francis Cabot. 
Wm. Ome. 
Ed'd Norris. 
Benj'n Daland. 



Officers 

Surgeon 

Waggoner 



John Felt 



David Bopes. 

Jos. Chipman. 

Geo. Abbot. 

Joshua Ward. 

Benj'n Moses. 

Josiah Dewing. 

John Andrew. 

Jas. W. Gould. 

Sam'l Phippen. 
Sam'l Flagg, Captain, 
Miles Greenwood, 1st Lieutenant, 
Bobert Foster, 2d 
Jona. Waldo. 
Nath'l Bopes, Jr. 
Francis Cl&rke. 
Jos. Lambert. 
Jona. Mansfield, Jr. 
Joseph Hiller. 

* See Salem Gazette, July 22, 1869. 



3 
1 
1 



76 
1 

77 



> 



58 



FAMILY OF JOHN GLOVER. 
The following materials were obtained from 
the Records of Essex County and of Salem 
and Marblchead : 

FIRST GENKRATION. 

John Olover married Mary Ouppy of Sa- 
lem, Jan. 2nd. 1660, died May 1695. Will 
proved May 18th, 1695. 

SECOND GENERATION. 

Children of John and Mary wore : 

John, bom 29th 6 mo. 1661, died Nov. 
1736. 

William, born March 15th, 1663, died 
Dec. 1700. 

Mary, born Ist 3 mo. 1666, married Dan- 
iel Orant. 

Sarah, born 5 mo. 1668, married 

Skinner, died before 1737. 

Hannah, born 24th 4 mo. 1670, married 
Peter (?) Hendirdon, Apr. 2nd, 1687. 

Benjamin, liom 28th Mar. 1674. 

Jonathan,* born April 1677, married Ali- 

* Savage, in his Grenealogical Dictionary, sajs, 
" perhaps Jonathan," probably because in Vol. Ist, 
Page IS, Salem Becords of Births &c., there is a 
list of the children of John and Mary Glover, in 
which Jonathan is not mentioned. But by refer- 
ring to Vol. 20, leaf 132, O. S., Essex Ck>. Pro- 
bate Records, it will be seen that there can be no 
doubt on this point. Administration is there grant- 
ed, Nov. 27th, 1736, upon the estate of John (Uie 
first son of John and Mary) to Joseph and David 
Glover Cwho were children of Jonathan,) and in 
the account returned by them the deceased is de- 
scribed as their uncle. Besides this there is given, 
on the same leaf, dated January 6th, 1736, a list 
of the distributees of the estate (brothers and sis- 
ters of the deceased) as follows : — 

" The Bepresentatives of Jonathan Glover. 

Ebenexer Glover. 

Mary Grant. 

Hannah Henderson. 

The Bepresentatives of Sarah Glover alias Skin- 
ner." 

By this list it appears that John, William and 
Benjamin had died leaving no children. 



igail Henderson (who was bom Oct. 1676) 
March 31st, 1697, died March 1736. 

Ebbnezer, born Apr. I3th, 1685, married 
Rebecca Stems, Sept., 1706. 

THIRD GKNK&ATION. 

Children of Daniel and Mary (Glover) 
Grant were : 
RoBKRT, bom Oct. 3l8t, 1698. 
Matthew, bom May 20th, 1695. 
Daniel, bora March 10th, 1696-7. 
•James, bom Feb. 8d, 1698-9. 

Children of Peter and Hannah (Glover) 
Henderson were : 

Hannah, bom Mar. 3d, 1689-90. 
Mart, bom Apr. 12th, 1692. 
Peter, born Feb. 4th, 16934. 
John, bom Nov. 7th, 1695. 
Sarah, bom Mar. 27th 1698. 
Daniel, bom Sept. 24th, 1700. 
Eunice, bora June 5th, 1702. 
Lois, bora Oct. 22, 17 



William, born Jan. 18th, 17- 



Children of Jonathan and Abigail (Hen- 
derson) Glover were: 

Abigail, bom Nov. 23d, 1698, married 
Wm. Meservey. March Ist, 1722. 

Mary, bom January 18th, 1701, married 
Zaok Burchmorc, April 26tb, 1723. 

Jonathan, boin December 14th, 1702, 
married Tabitha Bacon* of Salem, Febraaiy 
23d, 1726-7, died in August 1737. 

Benjamin, born September 7th, 1704, 
married Susannah Needham, April 6th, 1727. 
died in July, 1755. 

JosLPH, born Juno 27th, 1706, died Dec. 
1747. 

David, bom Jan. 9th, 1708, died 1746, 
leaving a son, David, who was bom in 1734. 



I 






d^ 



* (Tahitha was born in 1709, and died in Bfar- 
blehead, March 7th, 1785. Her Sod husband waa 
Thos. Jillings of Newbory.) 






59 



Children of Ebenezer and Rebeoea (Sterns) 
Glover were : 

Margarkt, born Dec. 20th, 1707. 

Hannah, bom Sept. 25th, 1708. 

Ebbnkzbb, born Feb. 5th, 1711-12, died 
Aug. 12th, 1712. 

John, lK>m Sept, 25th, 1713, died Feb. 
2l8t, 1714-15 

Ebknezbr, bom April 2lBt, 1715. 

FOURTH QISNRRATION. 

Children of Jonathan nnd Tabitha (Ba- 
€M>n) Olover were: 

Jonathan, bom (June 13th,) 1731, mar- 
ried Abigail Barnham of Marblehead, Oct. 
10th, 1748. 

Samubl, bom (Jnne 13th,) 1731, married 
Mary Andrews of Marblehead, August 20th, 
1751, died in 1762. 

John, bora Nov. 5th, 1782, married Han- 
nah Oale of Marblehead, Oct. 30th, 1754, 
died Jan. 30th, 1797. Hannah Oale was 
bom in June 1733, and died Nov. 13th, 
1778. John afterwards married Mrs. Fran- 
ces Fosdick. 

Daniel, bom Jan. 1734, marrieil Hannah 
Jillingsof Newbury, Dec. 1st, 1757. 

Children of Benjamin and Susannah (Need- 
ham) Olover were : 
John, (died in 1758.) 
William, Peter. 
Jonathan, (died in 1788.) 
Ichabod, Abigail and Priscilla. 

FIFTH GKNJfiRATION. 

Children of John* and Hannah (Oale) 
Olover wore: 

John, born March 23d, 1756, married 
Fanny Lee ; had one child, Fanny. 

Hannah, bom May 15th, 1757, died in 
infancy. 



* (The sabject of this memoir.) 



Danirl, bora April 8th, 1759, died in in- 
fancy. 

Hannah, bora April 19th 1761, married 
Richard Cowell, had 7 children, Richard, 
John, Rebecca, William, Ovid, Hector and 
Hannah. 

Samurl, bom Dec. 19th, 1762, married 
Martha Boden, and for 2nd wife Betsy Skil- 
lings ; had 3 children, Jonas, Eliza and Sam- 
uel. 

Jonas, bom April 1st, 1764, married 
Sally Peiroe, had John, Hannah and Sally. 

Tabitha, born Deo. 8th, 1765, married 
William Brooks of Exeter. 

Susannah, born March 28th 1767, mar- 
ried Capt. Nicholson Broughton, had Susan, 
Nicholson, John, Norman and Olover. 

Mary, bora Jan. 8th 1769, died April 
14th, 1850; married Robert Hooper (who was 
bora February 3, 1766,) December 11th, 
1788; had 13 children : Robert, bora Nov. 
I6th 1790; John, bora July 4th 1792, died 
Sept. 14th 1793; John, bora Feb. 4th 1794, 
died April 8th 1851; William, born Dec. 1st 
1795, died Mareh 9th 1828; Mary, bora June 
11th 1797; Nathaniel, bora Jan. 5th 1799, 
died July 3d 1801; Susan, bora Oct. 19th 
1800; Henry, bora July 3d 1802; Nathaniel, 
bora Aug. 25th 1804, died Nov. 21st 1805; 
Nathaniel, born Sept. 30th 1806, died Sept. 
3d, 1859 ; Samuel, bora May 14th 1808, 
died Oct. 18th 1843; Hannah, bora June 
26, 1810; Benjamin Franklin, born April 6th 
1814, died March 6th 1842. 

Sarah, bora Feb. 10th 1771, married Sam- 
uel Lewis, had one child Elizabeth. Sarah 
afterwards married Walter Phillips, of Lynn. 

Jonathan, bora May 9th 1773, died un- 
married. 



60 



Since the foregoing memoir was tn print, the 
writer received from Mr. Josiah Crocker, of Salem, 
an original letter ftom General Glover to John 
Hancock. Its valuable and interesting contents 
render it very important to the completeness of the 
memoir, and it is therefore appended. 

Camp Pbbks Kill, 25th Nov., 1779. 

Sir : — ^Doubtless ere this reaches yon, yonr Honor 
has ree'd the disagreeable intelligence of the defeat 
of the Southern Expedition : I shall therefore omit 
giving a detail thereof, A shall only observe, that 
the fate of war is now and ever has been very un- 
certain; A that misfortunes, however oppressive, 
should not afiect a people determined to be free, 
so as to make them in tlio least relax in thdr mea- 
sures ; but on the contrary, it ought to make tliem 
redouble their exertions, A depend on the blessing 
of Providence, for the wished for success. 

I think it my duty to inform yonr Honor, that 
by recent accounts rec'd from New York, we learn 
that 28000 tons of shipping is taken up by Govem- 
ment, and that a verv large embarkation was soon 
to take place ; and that common lame says a ne- 
gotiation was on foot, and that an accommodation 
may be soon expected. Whether this is eiven out 
by the mercenaiy tools of Britain, or by the disap- 
pointed miscreants cooped up in New York, or 
l)Oth together, (to lull us asleep,) is a question, a 
little time will discover. Be that as it may, be 
assured, sir, it has not that effect on the army ; 
things p[0 on hero with as much vigor as ever. 
The spirit of re-enlisting prevails much. It's my 
opinion, had I money to pay the bounty as resolved 
by Court, I could retain the greater part of the 9 
montJis men, as well as ^osc that were engaged 
for 3 years, " to serve during the war" About 70 
have already re-onlisted in my Brigade; my money 
is all exhausted ; I can do no more. It s idle to 
suppose men who, as they say, have been so often 
neglected, will engage, upon resolves of Court. 
We may as soon expect lines to be stormed A forts 
taken by plans of attack drawn upon paper, with- 
out men, arms or ammunition sufficient to execute 
those plans, as old soldiers to re^nlist without 
money. It's the sinews of war. 

The whole of the army has gone into winter 
cantonments exciting Gren. Nixon's A my Brig- 
ades, who are now in the field (800 of my men 
without shoe or stocking) enjoying the sweets of a 
winter campaign, while the worthy A virtuous cit- 
isens of America are endurine the hardships, 
toils A fatigues incident to parlours, with good 
fires, A sleeping on beds of down. Who, that 
loves his ease, and wishes to enjoy a good consti- 
tution, A at the same time make his fortune, would 
not be a soldier I 

Gen. Washington's Head Quarters are at Mid- 
dlebrook. Gen. Heath has the fever and ague ; his 
state of health is such as I fear will oblige him to 
leave camp in a few days. The 4 Massachusetts 
Brigades are left to guard the Highlands ; Patter- 



son's, A late Lamed's, at West Point; Gen. Nix- 
on's (who is gone home unwell) a Gioyer's Brig- 
ades In the gorge of the mountains on the cast side 
of the river, and Verplank's Point. Gen. Poor's 
Brigade at Danbury ; the rest of the army all gone 
into the Jersies. Suflbr me now Sir, to lay before 
the Honorable Assembly, the wretched situation 
of the General Officers of the American army, A 
in particular those of them belonging to the Blas- 
sachusetts. Other States have done something 
for theirs. Congress has lately given to Colonels 
of Regiments 500 dollars -per month (not too much J 
for subsistance money, A to all other officers in pro- 
portion ; to General Officers nothing ; besides this 
their pay has been raised 50 per ct. A some 200, 
while General Officers remain as in 1 775. 

Such distinction and neglect is very disconraff- 
ing, and I fear will be injurious to the service. It 
has given great disgust to all the General Officeni, 
His Excellency excepted, who is not personally 
affected by it, tho' at the same time, I have no 
doubt feels for others that are, and wishes that jns- 
tice may be done them. His influence over the 
army is great ; the General Officers are much at- 
tached to his person, as well as happy under his 
command. That, witli a desire of giving the fin- 
ishing blow to the glorious work they have begun, 
are tne only prevaihng motives that can possibly 
induce them to continue in the service of a country 
which has not paid them for services already done, 
and does not hold out any emoluments or rowaids 
for the future. 

I wish my fortune would enable me to serve my 
country without pay, I would readily and cheerfully 
do it ; it is well known it will not, yet I continue, 
tho' it's at the expense of my Tittle fortune, earned by 
industry and hard labor in my youth ; and what is 
still worse, to the certain ruin of my young family. 

I am. Sir, respectfully, 
your Honor's most obed't hum. Ser't, 

JOHN GLOVER. 
Hon. Jno. Hancock, Esq. 

It will be seen by the above letter, that Gen. 
Glover was not at Ridgefield througli the whole 
winter of 1779, (see page 37,^ but was part of tho 
time in active service at the Highlands, N. Y. Mr. 
Uriel Crocker of Boston has a fusee, taken by Gen. 
Glover from an English officer at the battle of Sar- 
atoga, and a sword worn by him when he was 
Lieutenant of a company in Marblehead. (Sec 
page 3.) These were given to Mr. Crocker's fa- 
ther, Uriel Crocker of Marblehead, by tlie General. 



Page 4, 2d line fh>m bottom, for '*1889" read 1830. 

Page 7, 2d line ttom top, for *' NicboJu " read Klch- 
olson. 

Page 15, 18th line ttom bottom, for " Sept. 28 '* read 
Sept. 18. 

Page 16, 20th line from top, for *• Oct. 7 " read Got. 6. 

Page 47, 16th lino fh>m bottom, for "Craln" read Crane. 



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61 



This Index does not inclnde the names contained in the lists, pages 6, 11, 56, 57 and 58, 
or in the genealogical table at the end. 



Adams, 7. 29. 

Allen, 29. 

Andre, 37. 39. 

Archibold, 6. 

Arnold. 28. 37. 

Baboock, 47. 

Barley, 2. 

Baker. 16. 

Bttoon. 2. 

Baldwin. 16, 16. 18, 19. 

Ball, 54. 

Banks, 46. 

Bant, 47. 

Barnes, 54. 

BarUett, 16. 

Bassett, 40. 

Bebb, 42. 

Bell. 29. 

Beny, 43. 

Bernard, 3. 

Bigelow, 27, 3o, 49, 64, 66, 

56. 
Bishop, 6. 
Bogaraus, 28. 
Bowdoin, 40. 
Bradbury, 40. 
Bradford, 48. 
Bradley, 16. 
Brewer, 42. 
Brickett. 40.41. 
Bridge, 40, 41,42. 
Brimmer, 47. 
Brooks, 40.41,42. 
Brougbton. 7, 10. 
Brown. 51. 
Browning, 47. 
Burbank. 10. 
Burgoyne, 5, 25, 28, 29, 30, 

31,3138,31,39. 
Burr, 46. 
Carey. 47, 48, 52. 
,Cliurch. 42 
Chastellux, 37. 
Clark. 52. 

Clinton, 5, 13, 25, 43. 
Cobwin, 29. 
Colbeck, 7. 
Colman, 48. 
Colton. 42. 
Cornell, 49. 52. 53. 
Cornwallis, 20. 
Cortlandt, 28. 
Cotton. 3, 4. 
Courtis, 18. 
Ciafl,48. 

Crane, 47. 49,51,52,53. 
Crocker, 60. 
Dageett, 52. 
Danielson, 42. 
Davis, 43. 
Derby. 41. 
Dexter, 40. 
Dobbs, 45. 
Donald, 37. 
Dooiittle.42. 
Durkee, 15 16. 
Dyer, 47, 49. 
Clderkin, 46. 



Endloott, 3. 

Erans. 50. 

Farrow, 46. 

Fellows, 4£. 

Felt, 3. 

Fenno, 60. 

Flagg. 34, 61, 52. 57. 

Flowers, 45, 46. 

Folsom, 41. 

Fosdick, 11,12, 22, 35, 49, 63 

Foster. 29, 43. 

Fox. 40, 42. 

Fowle, 3. 

Frye, 40, 42. 

jGage, 4. 

Gale, 2. 

Gallison, 4. 

Gardner, 42. 

Gates, 27, 28. 29, 10, 31, 32. 

36, 65, 66. 
Gerrish, 42. 
Gerry, 3,4, 16,28,40. 
Gibbs,40,41. 
Glover, pM$im, 
Gordon, 3, 12, *», 31. 
Govion, 63. 
Grayson, 12. 
Greaton, 45. 46. 
Green, 16. 42, 43, 48, 49, 

50, 61, 62. 
Gridley, 43. 
Grush. 6. 

Hancock, 6, 46,47, 49, 50. 60 
Handy. 48. 
Hardr, 40, 41, 42. 
Harrison, 10, 11. 
Haskell, 4S. 
JIathorn, 44, 45. 
Hawes, 50. 
Ueath, 22, 24, 29. 33, 36, 

37, 42. 60. 
Hendly, 17. 
Uendnokson, 45. 
Hlchborn. 34, 47,51. 
Hill, 47. 

H tiler, 52 
Hitchcock, 42. 
Holden, 49. 
Holyoke, 3. 
Homan, 5. 
Hooper, 1. 5. 
Hopkins, 44. 4.^1. 
Howe. 5, 13, 14. 23.24,26, 

27,37. 
Hunt, 46. 

Huntington, 37.48. 
Hutchinson, 4. 
Jackson, 17,34,51,52,63. 

Jacobs, 49. 
Johonnot. 18, 29, 40, 41 

Jones, 7. 
Kins;, 33, 60, 53. 
Knox, 21. 

Koscinssko, 30, 34, 35. 
LafAyette, 34, 48, 50, 62, 56. 
Langdon, 49. 
Larnerd. 49, 60. 
Lawrence, 51. 



Learned, 28, 42. Russel, 52. 

Lee, 6, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, Sabine, 4, 7, 8, 21. 



41.44.6a 
Lesoo. 46. 
Leslie. 3, 19, 20. 
fiincoln, 28, 37, 42. 
Litlle, 43. 

Livingston, 28. 47, 61. 
Long, 27, 48. 
Loring,2. 
Lossing, 6. 11, 31. 
Lovell,47, 48,60, 51, 52,. 
Lyman, 47. 66. 
Malcom, 46. 
Malmadee, 47. 
Manly. 7. 
Manning, 56. 
Mansfield, 39,42. 
M'Culler, 64. 
M'Dottgall. 12, 13, 19. 
Meroer, 16, 16. 
Merrltt, 6. 
Miller, 48. 
Morgan, 28, 46 
Morris, 16, 48, 66. 
Morton, 60. 
Moylan. 6,8,9. 
Mugford, 7, 8. 
Murray, 14. 



Sargent, 37, 42. 

Savage, 58. 

Soamman, 43^ 43. 

Schuyler, 22, 25, 27, :)o 

Seers, 52. 

Selman, 7, 10, 39. 

Sewall, 35, 42, 50, 63. 

Shepard, 49, 63, 56. 1 

Shepherd, 18, 19. > 

Sherburne, 48,61, 52. 

Sheriff; 25. 

SUliman, 26. 

Slack, 49. 

Smith, 3, 54. 

Sparks, 6. 34, 36. 

Spencer, 42. 

Sprout, 48, 61, 53. 

Stark, 28, 42. 

Sterling, 26, 37. 

Storm, 43. 

Story, 16. 29, 32. 

Stow, 64. 

Sullivan, U. 20. 23, 25. 34, 

33, 42, 46, 48, 62, 64, 55. 
Swlfl. 22, 
Symonds, 67. 
Taylor 23.28. 
Thomas. 11,29,42. 



Nlles,48.60. 

Nixon, 27, 28, 31. 42, 43, 4.5, Thomsoii.e. 

46. 60. Thomdick, 16. 

Noyes. 47, 48, 49, 60. Tift, 55. 

Oliver, 3. Tillotoon.62. 

Olney. 63. Titoomb. 49, 51, 52. 

Ome. 3, 4. M. 28, 29, 30, 34. Topham. 47. 48. 



39. 

Osgood, 41. 
Packer, 43. 
Palfrey, 10 
Palmer, 28. 
Parks, 48. 
Parsons. 36, 42. 
Patten, 46. 

Patterson, 28, 37, 42, 60. 
Peirce, 55. 
Percy. 3. 
Phillips. 33. 
Phinny, 42. 
Pickering, 6, 22,26. 
Pitt, 40. 

Poor, 27, 28.41, 42. 60. 
Pope, 60. 
Porter, 56. 
Pownall, 3. 



Prescott. 40, 41, 42. 

Powell, 32. ..„.^„.^. ..,, , 

Putnam. 14, 22, 24, 40, 42, Whitoomb, 42. 

Whitney, 60. 



Tracy, 33, 49. 

Tread well, 37. 

Treftr3', 17. 

TroRon.43. 

Trumball, 52. 

Tucker, 7. 

Tuttle, 46. 

Tyler, 41, 49, 52. 

Upham, 3. 

Van l>erwerkin, 28. 

Varnum, 34, 42, 48, 49, 50, 

ill, 62, 56. 
Vose, 67. 

Wadsworth, 50, 62. 
Walker, 42. 

Ward, 1,6. 8.41,42. 51. 
Warren, 22, 26, 27. 
Washington, paatim. 
West 47. 
Wheeler, 46 46. 
Whipple. 45. 46, 49, 52, 53. 



46,46. 
Rahl. 19. 
Rawaen, 17. 
Reed, 3, 9, 10, 18, 19, 42. 
Revere, 6. 
Richmond, 51. 
Roberts, 40. 
Rogers, 52. 
Ropes, 57. 



Whitwell, 6, 29. 
Wigglesworth, 22, 64, 56. 
Wilkinson, 20. 
Williams, 2, 26, 26. 
Wilson, 49. 
Woodbridge. 42. 
Woods, 40 41, 49. 
Wright. 7. 



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