American anti-slavery reporter

CAGE

THE EISENHOWER LIBRARY

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3 1151 02543 4857

AMERICAN

ANTI- SLAVERY REPORTER.

VOL I] JANUARY, 1834. [NO. i.

AMERICAN ANT I. SLAVERY REPORTER.

Six numbers of a periodical with the title, Anti-Slavery Reporter, have been issued
during the last year gratuitously, and extensively circulated. This number commences
a new series which will be published by the Astf.rican Anti-Slavkry Society.
Though issued in February, it is dated, January, for the sake of conforming the volume
to the year. The number for February will be issued during the month, and hereafter
the work will make its appearance as near the first of each month as practicable. It
will be filled with original essays, and authentic matters of fact, adapted to probe
American Slavery to the core. It will have nothing to do with Slavery " in the abstract."
We are not at war with innocent imaginations but with wicked realities. May God
grant us wisdom, energy, perseverance and courage enough to hold up, in its own meaa-
ness and cruelty, the system of American Slavery to the scorn and indignation of all
honest men. For not till Slavery shall be made odious, as the consummation of theft
and robbery, will it be exploded from this tyrant-ridden world. We have nothing to do
with dead slaveholders,— we are not their judges,— but to the living we must speak
plainly. We feel for them as fellow men ; we are their best friends. But we must not
apologize nor flatter. If they do not choose to enter the door of eternal infamy which
is opening before them, let them have the magnanimity to be just. Let them cease to
make merchandize of God's image, and to " fare sumptuously every day" upon the
avails of unrecompensed toil ! We take for our motto the language of the prophet, as
expressive both of the duty and the consequences of immmdiate emancipation : " If
thou take away from the midst of thee the YOKE, the putting forth of the finger, and
speaking vanity ; and if thou draw out thy soul to the hungry, and satisfy the afflicted

soul; THEN SIIALI. THY LIGHT RISE IN OBSCURITY, AND THY DARKNESS B» AS THE
NOON DAY."

For the terms of subscription see the last page.

^^ When gratuitous, piease to read and hand it to your neighbor. 43

II E \^ I E W

OF THE SPEECHES AND PROCEEDINGS OF THE RECENT ANNUAL MEP:T1NG OK THE
AMERICAN COLONIZATION SOCIETY.

Through the laudable zeal of the Editors of i is "bankrupt' in Junds, but because this bank-
the N. Y. E\angelist and the N. Y. Observer, I ruptcy was produced by a bankruptcy of moral
the public has been favored with very full re- ! principle. We speak of the society as it ap-
ports of ihe late Colonization Anniversary at; pears between the covers of its authorized pub-
Washington. We are not av.are that these ; Jications. Its present calamity is the fruit of a
reports disagree as to any important fact or ex- | system of concealment, a time-st rviSig "expc-
pression. In the following pages, except when jdiency," an assumption, more dishonest than
the reader is otherwise notified, we quote from ! uncommon, that the end sanctities the means,
the Evangelist, for brevity's sake. We earn- j To conciliate slaveholders, the Tight of jiroj'ertt/
estiy commend tliis expose to all who prefer m slaves was admitted, and thus the society
light to darkness, and are conscientiously dcsi- g:are up forever the power of plain honest truth.
rous to do their whole duty. | in the execution of its plan it was necessary to

In our opposition to the Colonization Society ' make the public believe the ci)lor.y prosperous
we have not been fighting against 7mii, but ! and happy ; it was necessary to make the pub-
against /aZse principles and an injurious plan.l iic believe, that alter the emigrants were landed
There have been men connected with tlie Colo- and reasoned, they could support themselves,
nization enterprize whoso memories are dear! <Itc. and under the strong temptation to produce
to all abolitionists. But we must say, they la- this belief at amj rale, tiie managers it seems
bored under a sad mistake. There are men have permitted their agents at the colony, year
connected with it still, whom we love and ad- . afler year, to neglect making any definite rc-
mire, and ujjon whose co-operation with us, at i turns, in the shape of bills of mortality, accounts
no distant day, we repose ail confidence. 'Ihe j of exi)enditures, statistics of agriculture, &c.
disclosures wiiich wo are about to review will ! Vague statements have been received by the
open their eyes. We know that our feelings |i managers in regard to all tiiese important in-
are not tho.?o of triumph over a fallen enemy, .terests, bearing always in favor of the t eb -.y,
We once ourselves sympathized in some of the ' and have been by them widely circulated. VVe
hopes which are now sufiering disappointment. :, charge this as a culpable negligence, upon the
But we should be inhuman to conceal our icy, 'managers, and we call common sense to wit-
that one grett obstacle to the fieedom of'^the ness, whether men who were detemiined to be
slave is likely soon to be removed— tliat a mas- honest, and let con.scquences take care of them-
ter delusion which has blinded the community • selves, could continue to support agents who
to the wror.gs of their fellow men is just bidding, i-i'Onld thus neglect to n)ake accurate returns,
adieu to things sublunary. ^ Is there not a strong ground to presume, first.

As a scheme of benevolence the Colonization ,^^'^^t ^^e agents at the colony had nothing to ro-
Societv is f/eflrf.* It mav, however, replenish its P"rt which would bear detail; and secondly,
overdrawn treasury— it mav conduct a greater t'"!* the managers suspected this and connived
business of transportation than ever— but still it ^^ ^^ • ^^ ^^<'^"'« ^o I's cruel for the managers to
\sdead. It will never regain the confidence '^'^f"*^t'i'>»g<^»fs as being slack about returns—
of those u-ho really seek'the freedom of the |^l"?y trained them up to this very habit by pub-
slave. Why? Not simply because the Pocietv I ^"'''I'lff ^^'ith great zest and exultation those

. ' ii" letters from the colony" which contained any

* We are aware that some of t'hc ablest liicnds of thin;/ but information. The public were delud-
the society at the North cling to it iu the hope, that ed. ^ Tiiey thought Liberia a paradise, or at any
by a refer,,, ,t wi ! m out of the. way of tb.o Anu- ^^^^^. ^,,1^^. ^„^^,,.,, ^^^ ^„^ ,.j^^.,^ p^^^j,,^. ,p,„,J

poured their money into the colonization treas-
ury ; and urged the managers to prosecute tlicir
grand enterprize of removing the whole colored
population. The consequence was, that, from
the latter part of the year 1831 to the first of
nKntit:«:if-.-;>!;r;iishdd;-biitcaniVbefu^compiiph«^^ 1168 emigrants had been despatched to

Docs Mr. Girr.tt Smith's giving up Iiis resolution to;, the colony. And although tlie agents at the
amend the roi.Miiutionin an important respect, ''/or colony had found some difficulty in accommoda-
thc sake ,>;• hm-r,:ovy" look like it ? V.e do not l"- ti„g this large accession, wo find the following
bcvc thr soc.iy wii! b, ar r.foranng. It has not the j^.f^^.^ge in the Annual Report of 1883.

Slavery Society and jiive up the scheme of removii ^
the entire colbrcd population or any considerable pan
of it. In fact, their plan is, la disclaim any ac:ion
whntfcever in regard to slavery, io cease to Ecnc
emigrants, and coniiue their labors to the moral f;jid
physicnl nij rf.vvieent of tlic colony. This is all as
It fchoidd be. W'v. lay down our arni^ [pens] the i

requisite ni'ii;;! ^-tninina. It will die under theoj
tion. I.<_t tht: Truly btntvolent coloiiizationisls I'orrn

a vctf nGclciy for the physical relief and moral ini- , . , , , ,.

provemcnt of Liberia. At any rate, let them drop "ow piep:ired to receive a much larger numbrr of
nization, when they drop the t-'nJ'gi^nts annually, than the means of the society

'The managers arc convinecd that Liberia i?

the odious r\ame of colonization,
deed.

have lieretofirc enabled il to colonize. They b»-

COLONIZATION SOCIKTY-

lieve there is jio ruasoii to iippreliRud tlial tlio re- !j tlinary pre.-siire of sponta,neoiis emigrants carry
sources of the society will ever exceud the demands [j the humanity ofthc managers beyond their pru-
for aid from those anxious to emigrate, or the caj] donee? We tliink not; for after they were fully
pabllities of the colony to afford accomimdation aiulL^y^-^.^-^Q of tlieir insolvency, they "got up" anex-
subsistencv to those who may choose to make tlth^ir\^^^^j^:^^^f^^^ confessedly as a lure to draw funds
residence:^ tl trom New- Vork.

Now observe how much "good men" may be j Now we beseech our readers to understand,
mistaken. Since that time the society has co-llthat while we do blame the manao'crs for their
Ionized but about 257, it has receivf^d upwards ''disingenuous policy, we would not hold them
of ^37,000, and is found to be in debt .1^40,000 ! !jl up as peculiarly dishonest. We quale their
Even if we add, as Elliott Cresson suggests, to \ faults only as illustrating the tendency qf their
the expeditions of the past year the ship Her- jjic/ieme. That scheme, we pretend not to deny,
cules of the preceding, we shall have but 437 1| numbers among its friends many of the wisest
emigrants, for whom, after deducting •'$10,000 !| and best men of our land; and yet we should
for other expenses, we shall have ^(iO apiece, ;| despair of selecting from them aboard of mane -
more by !$20 or ?^30 than the estimated expense jigcrs any more worthy of confidence than that
of transporting and seasoning au emigrant. Here j| v/hich has hitherto existed. There is a sort of
then is a debt for Ihe support of the colony, i| insanity in the scheme itself, which is totally,
accruing within less than two years, over and | destructive of that straight-forwardness which

above the estimates, of more than '$40,000. Mr. ' —

Gerritt Smith says the debt would have bee
less by f^lOjOOO if the managers had sent oi
sufficient supplies. But did not the m:i!i:i'.':i'i
know, morcthana year ago,that "the rj.-' ;■;■.!
had failed" ? Did they not know that there \' -
nothing like agriculture in the colony.' Did||t^':

I'n'y . ' r;,' a<iof!s in the public store. -Our
■■',:>•'.■'. in'! !;,:!:!y other iniporlant articles
^[■■■'■< i'^ii'.i. ^1 k,i:v.??] is nt present exhausi-
(■.:i! tii.y I'.' |;;rM-:i,-,-,.,| 1;. re, except on a v-cry
v,!,ir,. .,i, 11, ri,.-i r.isi ill the United States.
thf iiiiic i'lr p^rclKisiii!,' rice and palm oil ;
_ vc; iiro getting in llitir new crops ; and if we

hoy not know v/hat sort of "materials" they 1^''^ ""V''i'''"'',"'''f*'''''l''^-^''^ "'''''"""'''r''' '''° '^'■•^'"^

-■' ---11 Tf^i i-j I feat duiiculiy nerealtcr ni procurni'T tiie (iiianlitv re-

:• colony ? li they did ^...^i^.,^,, j-,., ,hc .ubsi.tHu-e o'-our people." * ^

had sent out to build up th

not, it was not the fault of tlie abolitionists, no

indeed, of Gov. Mechlin.* But did the extraor

peo])!
Ijiidcr date vd Sept. S, Ij>2, Gov. Mechlin writes as
follows. See .\f. Repos. for Nov. 1832.

j " You have doubtless, ere this, received drafts oh

* Extracts from Gov. Mechlin's letters in the Af- ^^'^ ^f '^ty to a considerable amount This extra de-
^^ a Repository for i\ov. 1831. "^^"^ «" y"""" '"esources wns Irom the nature ot c,r-

" We have not yet adopted, to any extent, the a,
ricultural improvements of civilized countries, &c.

cumstanct

■ \grat
\\ the

ity suvpli

"The crops of last year did not svicceed v.-.ll,ni ', :,!, u; |.i tli.' : iv.-Hmii ,
consequence of unusual drought: the rice siiirLicd (i.iiiuii, ;:i,>! . iliir >■ : <
more from this enuse than from any other; as v.i- dn tiiJ.d i:i Jii.\ i ■ :i;!i::.
not her', as in the southern states, plant it in low ij caused our disbur.'^emeai
situations, which can be readily irrigated from adja- \\ he much greater th.'Hn coi
cent water -corirsL-s ; but, on the contrary, it may be![c
seen growiir_ m {'/.■■ \lV' -U'-; lnX'ni.T.ir'' ow I'w i;i::'i-
est 'growv.'^' . ■.. . ■ -i'' !>■ \'"v ii~ !'i-.'-|'",'-i'\' ■<\\
copious ^^li .■• ,... .^\.■ ■'{ ,1 ,"///v [n it ,iU\-a\ -] Tall (:ii- ',
ring four or live Hioiiiiis m tnc year. v. c are, hov,-- ,|
ever, pelting into the icay of raising Indian corn, j o
though not"^to an extent sufTicient to rely upon it as !l ,'-
an article of subsistence. The corn of tiiis comitryjp .Mi. ml'
of an inferior kind, and not near so productive as t.'iai ..,;[;i •
of the United States. * * * * 1,. j u

" Formerly, the public store was the only resource , ■,; Jh; i,-
r most of the people employed by the agency, a«t^i provid
ey were glad to receive their -pay ;ln goods at a j hood In-
GREAT adv.ance! * * * * IbeCOlllL

" I regret to learn you had pled<^cd yourselves lo\\c.rpsdit'<
send out six expcd'tions during liie ensuing twelve I! circutns
months; and I fear, if per.sisted in, this will in th:|Jnot

ted."

he following is .<"ro:
liig Liberia." It m
Dec. 1S3-2.

1 am at t:: •
bui. .!;•:■! 1
.1.' (if t'-.i

upon our handa, and
lat were sent out by the
h.fv, ,.,!-.. i;r,\'-.-.inly in-

ior the few moniiis past to
d possibly have been anti-

ihe said "conimunications
be found in the Af. Repos.

;■ •- I !■; -;i:^ to at least
' ■ I'dvecxirired.

: 1 ■ : ^■':iirfs from

[I2c
stanced ;

■ America,! are
to do With the:

Siiniiarly
, I know

end prove very injurious. I may be wron;r, and you
may have greater funds at your disposal than I am
aware of; but if you have not, great pecuniary em-
barrassments will certainly ensue. * *
Bui I have great hopes your treasuiy will receive an

With the same letter, Br. Mei-blin traas.miltc-d
drafts to a_ considerable amount," fer expense of
receptacL-s," '•ho.vpiial expenses," tho purchase of
rice and \)a\\n oil," itc for which their " disbursc-
lents" he say.s, had be- n "far beyond what wa.s an-

mismarv-
denied
N. B. — The letters from whic'i we quote the above :i tJiat he gave ilitun ■ ' '-n: to desist from their

arc dated in July, 1S31. | suad schenic of try ; oim- whole colored pop-

la the Af. Repos. for Sept. 1832, we find the fol- ,| ulation. The p'a'.,. ..;■>. ...i : ;.-, the managers had
lowing in a letter from Gov. Mechlin, dated .luly 13, | uiade foolish boasi:^, tlu y had committed themsclve ,
1S32: • i', — aid their pride drove them over the eararacl i

"i have before urged ihe necessity of keeping a ro- ;i bankrupicy 'vitb th«r cy..3 open.

unusual irlfiux of money, or you will spare us two or ! ticipated." Dr. Mr-cidii mav lave grossly mis
three of the threatened expeditions'' !' a^cd the affairs o'' t!' V ■■■■■: !•':; it cannot be t

REVIEW OF THK

ve commonly call honesty. While the enter-
n-ise flourished, its friends assigned too many
easons for its prosecution ; and now that it is
trought to a stand, they assign too many reasons
OF or its failure.

But we will not detain the reader from the
«port cf the committee on the finances of the
liociety. We quote it as follows, from tlie N.
the 4^. Observer.

*' Tho Committee appointed to inquire into the
J?°Mato of (he financial concerns of the society, re-

*^ Sort as f.jUows, that tlie debts owing by tho soci-
r^Psty, now due, and that will fall due, by tho first of
prepay next, amount to a sum varying from §40,000,
theto ^41,000

the This unprecedented and alarming' amount of
estJebt against the society is accounted for, by the
liglbllowing reasons :

rou 1st. The rice crop in the colony and on tlie coast
Jfcnerally, the last year, failed almost entirely ; and
wc*y '^'''^ Providence, a considerable share of the,
jjfrgjolonists, who would otherwise have been able to [
fjf] nibsist upon thoir own rneans, were thrown upon

• ,lro bouniy and humanity of tho government of the

"'^.^lony '

to i - ■ •'-

bor,

2d. Tho Ajax, which sailed from New. Orleans
(filh 150 emigrants, lost 29 of them by the cliojc-

cor.^j was double the usual length of lime making
mil lie voyage, and arrived at the colony with but two
no yeeks supply of provisions, instead of the usual
dis^upply for six months,

ope 3(1. An unusually large proportion of the late
aresmigrants are im])rovident, and reluctant to be-
Wf^ko themselves to ngricullurc.
hoj 4th. In some instances among the lalo cmi-
Biigxants, families without male heads have been sent
jfjj^.o the colony — and, in many instances, the great
g|jj,nortality in the colony, during the last year has
j^ leprived families of their male heads and left them
. t> the humane and expensive provisions of the

j.fovcrnmcnt of the colony.
'^ ' 5th. The supplies of the colonial store have not
^cn ample, as they ever should be. This defi-
botiency, however, is not to be charged to iniprovi-
ovdonce in the Board of Man-gers; but to their pe
biisJuniary inability to do on tliis subject what they
is fvero very solicitous to do. This deficiency has
of nade it necessary for the government of tlic colo-
gl^iy to purchase at 100 to iJOO per cent, profit, large,
vmounls of supplies from merchnnts in the colony, ,
*ind from vessels touching at liie colony.
^'' In view of existing pecuniary embarrassments
^^ >f tho society, tho conimiiu e wouhl advise that
'l 'he society send out no emigrunls the present year,
,jj-^inless under very spcci.il circumstances, and
^v'lWhen the society would be put to comparatively
cnV-mall expense, in sending out and provisioning the
plnmigrants. To guard against !:Ucli heavy enibar-
U htassments in future, the committee advise, that
""'he society do never, except in tlie extraorciinnry
_ ■'^'tascs above referred to, send out emigrants whilst
V,",'hey are under a debt excoeding tiJ10,000.
iic\ The committee hope that tho Board of Mana-
rcci;ers will, as soon as the means at their disposal
tioivill allow, so far furnish the colonial store v.'ilh
i^' '■';oods and provisions as to preclude the necessity!
P™f purchasing tl;em on l^rms so disadvantageous
V^'s those above referred to. This necessity having I

" existed for the last two years particularly, and
'' which has been unavoidable on account of tho largo
disbursements of the socitty for the expenses of
; emigration, has swelled tho debt of the society to
{ an amount of many thousand dollars greater than
; it would have been, if this necessity had not ex.

islcd.
1. The committee are highly pleased to learn that
the Board of Managers have adopted and are con-
! tcmplaling measures for bringing w ithin ascertain-
ed and the mrrowest limits, the compensation
made to the oflicers of the society residing in the
colony — and, also for avoiding the surprise of large
drafts upon its treasury."

This report is really a very slim affair. " The
; rice crop failed in the colony." And for the
very good reason that it is not cultivated. This
ought to have been stated. Docs the society
pretend that there is any person in Liberia who
in ordinary years gets his living by agriculture ?
Is it a very uncommon occurrence for the rice
crop to fail on that coast ! Why did not the
committee tell the society plainly, that the co-
lonists have always depended to a large extent
on foreign importation for their provisions, and
that while the colony was small they managed
to purchase them by the proceeds of their petty
trades, but now that, by a spasmodic effort, the
colony has been overpeopled, there are multi-
tudes, many of them women and children, who
are "reluctant to betake themselves to agricul-
ture" because they have no agricultural imple-
ments but such as nature has provided, and who
must be supported at the expense of the society,
or starve. We are told that the government of
the colony had to purchase provisions at an ad-
vance of 100 or 200 per cent, on the co^t in
this country, but we are not told whether this
is an unusual advance, nor whether any mer-
chant can take the risks of transjjorting provis-
ions to that tropical climate for less. We do-
not see what the loss of the 29 passengers of
the ship Aja.x, had to do with cutting short the
supplies, nor indeed how the reduced number of
passengers could contrive, by merely doubling
the " usual time" of their voyage, so nearly to
eat up the "six months" provision for the
whole.* It really seems to us tliat the causes
of expense assigned by the committee are mostly
not temporary, but such as must cleave to the
enterprize — and with the more force, the more
rapidly it is pushed forward.

The committee advise, as a matter of econo-
my, that " no emigrants be sent out the present
year." We would go farther, and advisp, that
those sent out in former years be brought back.
It will cost less to bring them home, than to
support them there ; and we presume their con-
sent may be obtained as easily as it was in the
first instance.

We cannot better, expose the society's scheme
to the reprobation of the benevolent and ingemi-

Thc Ajax was eighty-tico days on her passage,
S?,300 of her outfit was paid by the Kentucky

and ^-, ..^. --

ty having I Colonization Society

ons, than by quoting largely from the debate ]
upon this report. i

" Mr. BuECKiNRrDSE said tliis report was not at ;
all what ho expected. He wished to know all '
about this business, how and when this debt had
4irisen, and by whoso neglisjence, or misinanagc- !
Bient, or extravaganee. He felt himself all in
darkness about it. This debt was absolutely fright-
ful, to him. It is over a whole year's income.;
And yet the coinmittoe propose to discontinue
sending out emigrants for a whole year. He ;
thought this would be like killing the goose that'
laid the golden eggs. For it is only to carry out
emigrants that you can get money, to any extent. ;
A few persons of a tiiorougli missionary spirit, will
give you money professedly to build up religion
and education in the colony. But the most even
of these will think tliere arc so many other ways
to give their money, that you will get but little.
But the great mass of the people will not give you!
a dollar unless you connect with it the carrying 1
out of emigrants. He hoped the report would i)e
referred to the committee, for the purpose of hav-i
ing it made more explicit, and of liaving a more ji
thorough examination. He wanted to know who'
these merchants are in the colony, that cliargo the j|
society an advance of 100 or 200 per cent, lu time'
of famine." ,;

And wliy should they not so cliarge tlie so-ji
ciety 1 Had not the society taught them the li
lesson by charging a similar advance to the!|
colonists ? ji

" Mr. GuRLEY said ho beilieved he conld explain!
the affair so as to show that it was no improvi-!
dence on the part of the managers that had brought j!
this debt upon them. The society wil! recollect!
that two or three years ago the desire became very
strong to see a considerable increase of emigration. ;
It was thought the interest of the society required,
it, and the applications were also numerous and
pressing. And the managers were willing to go :
even somewhat beyond their moans with the con-
fident hope that the community would sustain jj
them. In consequence, at tlie close of the yearj'
1832, they had increased their responsibilities be-ij
yond their receipts to the amount of from $12,000 jl
to ,f 1.5,000 and were calculating to enter upon a ij
course of means to increase tlieir resources com-jj
mensurato lo their want. Bnt the early part of j
-the year tlie demands from the colony began to'
come in most unexpectedly both for number and ij
amount. He had not the means before him of an ]|
exact statement, but he believed that in four'i
months they paid and accepted drafts from the|'
agent exceeding !$20,000, and that the whole of;!
their acceptances on this amount were more tiian ij
$30,000. The managers did not suppose they had j
been so very negligent in sending out supplies to';
the colonial store. The Hercules took out $6,000 ;;
in trade goods, [liow much rum, gunpowder atid\^
tobacco, and how many " spear-pointed kiuves"'\
and ^'^ brass blunderbusses 7"] as they are called, Ij
which it was supposed would bo worth from twelve j
to $20,000 in sustaining the colony. But the rice Ij
crop came short and the agent was obliged to pur-il
chase. It is plain there has been an accumulating j
debt at the colony, of which the managers werejj

COLONIZATIO.V SOCIETY.

1 not aware, for some of the bills received this year:
! were for accounts that had been running on fo;
several years. He had not examined particularly
but he was inclined to think there was some ir
regularity in the colony in regard to salaries. Thii
amount then is not a demand for this year onlyi
; tiiough it has come upon us all at once. The re.j
mote causes of the debt were doubtless these : the
improvidence of many of the emigrants, and thehj
neglect of agriculture ; the unfortunate character
of some of the materials sent out to build a colony ;
the agent was much of the time in feeble health ;
sickness prevailed to a great extent ; both the phy-
sicians were absent, and the whole care throwH
upon Dr. Mechlin : and under these circumstances j
it is impossible to suppose tiiat the general admin-
istration of the colony could be so economical or
so correct as would be desirable. There was one
other cause, (for the society ought to be made per-
fectly acquainted with the whole truth ;) during
the early part of the year, there had been great de-
bility, to use the mildest expression, in the opera-
tions of tlie Board. It arose, in part at least, from
the excitement which grew out of the elections
last year, and the introduction of several new mem.
bers into the board, who were not accustomed to
its proceedings. Tiiere was a cessation, of course,
of holding meetings once in two weeks, and a sub.
stitution of an executive Committee, of very limit,
ed powers, not equal to the necessities of the case,
and very many things were neglected ; and among
them, efforts to raise tho means to meet our in-
creasing expenses. In the course of the summer^
I proposed to the Board a, united effort to sustain
t!ie credit of the society, by a loan on the individ-
ual responsiliility of tlie members. But it did not
succeed. If done, to the amount of 15 or $20,000,
he believed the revenue of the society could have
been greatly increased. In his efforts at the north,
his greatest difiiculty was not in the fact that the !
society was? in debt, but that we had failed, and our
drafts were under a protest, and that whatever
people gave would go for paying an old debt. Still
he did not think affairs looked so very dark. There
were many things, it is true, in the colony as well j
as here, to be regretted. But they were not such |
as to authorize despondency, much less despair." :

Ah ! Mr. Gurley, this mild, soft way of plas- I
tering over every body's faults may be very j
amiable in a popisli forgiver of sins, but it will
not do in a man who undertakes to manage tlie
charities of plain matter-of-fact people. As we
iiave sliown in a former note, you knew long-
ago that the '• remote causes of the debt," were
in active operation, and yet you say, that in the ,
early part of the year the demands from the j
colony began to come in most unexpectedly ! !" i

" Mr. Frelingiiuvben was glad to hear this ex- ■
planation. When the fact respecting our debt was
first developed last night, it made his heart feel
sick ; especially because it will be employed so ef- i
fectively against us. It will be seized with avidity
by our adversaries, and pressed with great power.
If I had not strong confidence in the goodness of
our cause, and in Him who patronizes and protects
every good cause, I would sit down in ilespair.
While we were holding ourselvas out to the pub-
lic, as able to transport any number of emigraats

REVIEW OF THE

for §30 oacli, and thai the colony was prosperous,; No doubt the secretary will try his art. But it
nnd the emigrants tliriving and happy, these dis- is too late, — the thing has been mended too
closures came upon us. In tlie midst, too, of our rnany times already,
eonflict with the abolitionists, as well as in the '

midst of this triumph respcctinff the colony, we , " Bishop Mfade said, \\hcn smful, frail beings
have gone in debt, in two years to the amount of g^t into ditficulty, we should first examine our.
more than .§40,000. With a large portion of the selves, and see why it is so. Tins examination
community, tliis blow will be irretrievable at pre- should be very .<-tnet and faithful, and we should be
.sent. Thev will point to thf foot of our Icger. and <:"pfu! not to ascribe our trouble to any wrong
pass upon lis a sentence of reprobation. Still I cause?. I do not doubt that the secr.-tary has
will give way to no despondency. We have come g'ven us a faithful exposiiion of tlie business, as
now to a crisis in the history of the societv, and if ''^ s-upposed. And so far as it goes, it is vyell
we improve it uropcrly, \rc may dale froni this an. • enough. But all must be satisfied that the radical
niversary a neiv era of prosperity and success. I defect is in the colony. For durmg the last year,
hope wo shall not onlvre-ortranizc our constitution, our expenditure on emigration h.s been less than
but adopt a ncvv set of priirciples in the manage- "s^^^'- And the funds which have been contribu-
mentof our ntlairs. Our Board, and all who are
employed, must be made to have

responsibility, that not a dollar si ^..^ -

which shall not be satisfactorily accunled for. It ^ed on our way, as fast as possible The Bishop-
must not be allowed to anv agent to run t!ie soci- tl'C-usht a successful appeal mignt be made to the
ely in debt, or to draw bi'Us without sending an l^^g'-'^lntures of the adjoining states for aid m this
account. They must go to liioir work with a sense P'nergency. With \ irginia, our plea must be ac
of as deep responsibility as if they w.tc next do,;r '^'^ov^•.=;dgl■a jujt Last year the Icg.sature appro.
to the Board, and feel that this nu-noy is drawn Pf'^'C'l ahout .S'-'O.OOO for colonizing her f^ree peo.
from the public charity, and every dollar must be Pl« ?<^ color m Africa. And if it had not been for
stritly accounted for. And then we can go on. ^^^ imprudent and ej^cessivezxal of r^^^

If I did not feel sure, said Mr. F. that this cause is ' '" "'" """ '

deeply seated in tlie!)ffections of the American pco.
pie, I would niovo instantly to adjourn sJne die.
But I do believe all tliesc tilings are sent upon us
by the hand of Ilini who would draw our depend.
onco away from all human contrivances. Let us
now rep )se our cause on his arm, and he will bless
us. Let the abolitionists clamor. Let fanaticism
rage as it may. I cannot yet brin^ myself to bo.

liovo, that Fi'nlcy has died — that .Mills has perish- . , . n, , 11,1,1

od on the ocean in behalf of Africa, to no purpose. P'^C'^l"'" >'; '''"J^ ^o Maryland ? And thus our
I trust that, when the secretary comes to publish, i^^^iety might be speedily extricated from this un-
his report, he will prcpara a stftemeM on this su;,- , f-^I'^'C'^d «"<' ^'^d catastrophe ; and we might say
ject, so that the public may have what I apprehend [' our enemies, that though we have erred against
will be a perfectly satisf .ctorv explanation of this l'^"; ["'j' ."' PJ"^^""', yet He who originated this
business" ' notilo design has not permitted our errors to de.

j stroy the work.
Wliat a precious compound of absurdity. " Ri'v-. REniicx Post, of Washington, said that
This noble Senator " was glad to hear an kx- ' ""'.v » ^'"J «'"all portion of this debt was incurred
PLANATION," which covered up things. He had '" ^''^ '''''^T''"'- ^l^^'n^' expeditions have not
felt sick at the thought .f being d.tcWd by the ^"^' -".'f^ *"• -"Sl^.OOO The two which went
. ,... • . TT r .1 * ti • t ■ from Virginia were sent at the urjrcnt request ot

aboh lonists. He confesses that the society is . j.^j^.„^^ i.rxorfolk. Mr. Maxwell and others. The
oaiight m the very act of deceiving tlie public- ^.^^^^ ^P „^,^^^ ^^^^ j-^^„^ ^^^^, Orleans was de.
and getting money under false iiretences, and, frayed, it is understood, by the Kentucky and
yet he professes to have confidence "in Him other Western societies. The great amount were
who patronizes every good cause ! ' !" What sent the j'car before last, chiefly from Virginia,
pious swindling ! — (iood courage — no despond-' and those very ill fitted to go. And the Board
enicy — indeed it makes 11s tliiiik of a couple of have resolved that they will not send any more
scared urcliins in the dark; "Jack," says one, unless the funds are provided in hand. Another
of them, "are you afraidr' "No, I'm notf ircumstance was, that their whole affairs rested
afraid." " Nor "l neither." How wonderfully; o" one person, except that a part of the year ho
courao-eous ' " I had had an as.sistant in the office. The Board

"Let fanaticism rage as it may," sayshe,:^"'! appointed several gentlemen from Virginia,
« I cannot believe that cause will fail which two : '^"'^ t"^/ .^o engage thrni as general agents but
J II- t- M \\^\ t • n- 1 » none of them would accept. And they liavclook.

good men died in promoting. \^ hat ,s this b« ^^ ,^ ^^^.^ ^^^^^. .^ ^,,^ \ ^,^^^ J^^^ ^^^„^

miperstition— the very parent of fanaacism ? .nijjht be found to take hold.
Last of all, he hopes the secretary will plaster ^j^. Breckenridge said. It is not the magnitude
this up nicely in the annual report, so that it ^f Hje debt that disturbs me. But the causes as-
will be "satisfactory." We are not master of signed by the committee do not account for it, for
English suitable to express our views of such a : most of them were, as it appears, posterior to its
aentiment, and we shall not make the attempt, occurrence. The 769 emigrants sent out in 1832,

usual.

ted are greater than ever before in a year. We
deep sense of '"''J' dwell too long upon lamentation. When we
II !)c expended ^^•'' ^^ ^ .should not lie lamenting, but rise and pro-

the appropriation would have been §100,000. As
it was. tiiC}' so trammelled it as to make it incfTec
tivc for the ]5Urposcs designed. And, said he, I
cannot but hope that now, if the legislature now
in ses«ion can be approached through some of its
popular members, they may make the appropria.
tion this year in such a way as to relieve us. They
will recollect this society has been carrying on its
operations without legislative aid, and a kind of
debt thereby contracted. Might not a similnr a]).

CO^^I^J^T^fi^ SjOfCI ET Y .

if supported the whole j'ear, could not have cost
$40,000. Sir, if these drafts are wrongfully
drawn, I say thoy sliould not be paid. Tlioso who
drow thoin ou^hl to suffer. If drawn for expen-
ditures not warranted by tb.e Board, they should
not liavc been accepted. If the managers do not
know liow it came, they ought to know, and they
ouglit to suffer, and we ought to change our offi-
cers. FORTY THOUSAND DOLLARS is a
small snin, in connection witii such an o!)ject as
llie reuioval of our colored race to Africa. Bui it
is the mismanagonicnt bj' which the debt has been
produced that I complain of. To mo it seems
perfectly uefarious tliat the inercliants of our colony
should charge us throe or four hundred p^r cent.:
advance. And it has been slated, and publish
cd, that the agents whom we S(!nt out and support-
ed are these very merchants. I hope the report
will go back to the committee, v/hoare ca|:)ablH of:
searching to the bottom of tho whole. There is
an immense aggregate of blame somewhere; and
I want to find out where it belongs, and put it
there. I want to know who did it, aud what for.
Two years ago, I warned tije managers against ■
this Virginia business. And yet they sent out two ;
ship loads of vagabonds, not fit to go to such a'
place, and that were coerced away, as truly as if
it had been done with a cart whip. They werej
uot driven by force. But after the Southampton i
afTair, tho legislature enacted severe laws, which |
required the free negroes to go through certain;-
operations and forms of law in order to remain.
They were ignorant and terrified, and you willji
not wonder at it if you look at the legislative re-'
ports of the slaughter. And so they Had to our
agents, who took them and sent them away. And I
think we have a just claim upon Virginia on their'
account, as well as just cause of complaint against i'
those who let them go to our colony. !

Sir, we are not only embarrassed but we are I
broke. And if we lose our character we lose all.!
But if we can comn out now with a fair character,!
the public will sustain us and pay our debts. i

Mr. GuRLEY said, I cannot concur in the vievvj
that any part of this has come from the weight of
business on myself In regard to any business en- 1
trusted to myself by the Board of Managers, it j;
has been douo, and done faithfully. Tlie difficulty !
is not with minagers. Two years ago, they sent i
out full instructions to the agent, to enforce the
strictest accountability, and demanding quarterly ;
returSis of all ex|)enditures. But they had m>
returns with any regularity or to any extent. I :|
believe one reason has been the sickness of the j:
agent, and the weight of affairs that pressed on;'
him. No strictness of instructions can secure a !
correct administration of affairs unless they are j
obeyed. I cannot concur in the entire unfitness
of what are called the Southampton emigrants,
or that we did wrong in receiving them, and send-;
ing them out, when they were coerced away. Our
friends at Norfolk appealed to us, and said thej
people were persecuted, and that it was a matter!
of humanity to take them. Our agents said they
were driven from the county, and iiad appealed to
him and begged to go to Liberia, and certified that
they were respectable and industrious. Our ex- j
peditions have been small this year. The Jupiter j;
was fitted out at the earnest solicitation of Ihel

J New-York City Society. They stated to mo that

there was no hoj)e of raising funds there unless

some project could be started for a New-York ex-

pedition to send out emigrants. It was not tho

ij debt which embarrassed us, but the entire failure

' of our credit. Our friends at New. York said t?ie

best way was only to let it be known to a few

warm friends, but to start an expedition, and t'len

I many will give for the project, and many others

will give for the general purposes of the Soc.'ety^

I wrote to tlio managers on the subject, and ihey

^ held a meeting, and gave their consent to the

plan.

Gerkit Smitic hoped the motion to re-coianiit
would not prevail. Fo could not see any food
from it. As a member of that committee, he had
spent several hours in examining the affairs and
interrogating Mr. Gurley and Dr. Laurie, and ho
saw that to obtain the minute information called
for would require tlie labor of many dayc, and he
for one had not time to spend here to do it. We
have arrived satisfactorily at the general causes,
which the report unfolds, and we should not be
greatly benefited by spreading out tht details. It
is certain there is a very bad system of operations,
or rather then! is no system at all. This debt is
fro.m five to ten thousand dollars greater than it
would have been if there had been a constant sup.
ply of goods in the colonial store. In looking
over the accounts of Colston M. Waring & Co.
and others, with the Agent, I find prices charged
two, three, and even four times higher than the
cost in this country. The reason assigned by the
treasurer for their not keeping the store supplied
is not satisfactory. It might have been a little
bold, perhaps, for tiiis Board to incur a debt of a
fev; thousands in order to send on supplies in sea-
son. But the result shows that it v.'ould have been
economical. Tliere is an excessive number of
officers in Africa, and their saiaiies amount to a
very considerable sum, not far from ^5,000 a
year. The colonial governor and the physician,
whose salaries arc very handsome, including what
they receive from the government of the United
States, one being ^2,400, and the other ^1,200,
in addition to all this, they are allowed to furnish
their whole domestic establishment at the public
expense, and some of these bills are very large.

As Mr. S. was sitting down, several gentlemen
begged him to go on, but he said he had rather
not. He might misapprehend or mis-state some-
thing.

Dr. Laurie said the salary the agent received
from the society was only .$80.

Mr. Cresson said that having devoted five year*
of his life to the Society, without any compensa-
tion, direct or indirect, ho supposed his explana-
tions might have some weight. It will be ob-
served, that one item of debt, amounting to one-
fourth of the whole, is the charier party and ex.
l)enses of the ship Hercules, in 1833. There had
also been IIOO emigrants landed in the colony in
a little more than 12 months, which had increased
the expense of their accommodation. In short,
to borrow a phrase from tho negroes of Virginia,
" It is as it is and it can't be no tis-cr." Tho
prices, of provisions at Liberia, and on the coast
were increased in conBeqsence of the famine at
th« Cape de Verds. He was satisfied that none of

mVTlBW •? TRB

the Society's agents had benefitted themselves by
participating in any commercial transaction. Mr.
Waring and Mr. McGill were not capitalists,
trading on their own accounts, but commission
merchants, and therefore bound to sell to the best
advantage for the interest of their principals. —
The debt could not have been avoided without
Btirvation in the colony.

Mr. Fkelinghuysen said there was no need to
send the report back for further particulars, in or-
der to make a very sad statement indeed. We
caa't help it, and wc must make the best of it
The managers should not accept drafts 'from the
colony, unless preceded by advices, and accom-
panied by accounts stated. No merchant would
have done it. They must make it a strictly ac-
accountable concern.

Bishop Meade said if wo called for these ac
counts, it might show those merchants that we
disapprove of tlieir conduct.

Mr. CoxE thought it necessary to have some de-
cided expression of opinion from tlie society. —
Tliere was a resolution of the Board already, not |
to accept of drafts unless preceded by advices and
accompanied by accounts. He would ask the
Board whetlier there has been no draft accepted !

and will spontanoously help themselves to Liberia.
And whenever they became desirous to go, they
did not need a society to help them. The free
black who cannot earn $30 is not fit for the
colony, and ought not to go.

The motion to recommit was withdrawn, and
the report accepted."

We have dwelt thus long on the state of the
Society's finances because it illustrates the
capital defect of its morals. Mr. Frelinghuy-
sen recommends the adoption of a " new set of
principles." Hone.sty should be one of them.
We can but glance at the interesting matters
contained in other parts of the report.

The annual report, read by Mr. Gurley, of
which wc have some of tlie heads, is deceptive
as usual. It represents the Sabbalh as being
well observed, many added to the church, &c.
while it utters not one word about iniquities
that have been practiced there in high places.
If at some station of the American Board the
leading missionaries had been guilty of numer-
ous seductions ; if by their extravagance and
i profligacy they had brought religion into con-
tlie morals of the commu-

P , : tempt, and unhinged
of the t ,. ' . » .1 ^
propriety of this oourse, but^they do not act up 'l "/^y ^^^''^ \'''^";' ^^•«" ,. . . .^ ^,

to it. The attention of the Board has been called ,1 ^^^ m^"^!" ^o the public by sayuig " there are
to this subject. I would ask also, if any member "'"^ meeting houses ; the Sabbath, is well oh-
of the Board can tell how many officers we have |!ser^■ed, &c." \et such is the sad fact in regard
at Liberia, and what arc their expenses? For 1 to the late leading authorities ot Liberia, as we
one, I believe it is impossible to get along, unless;! knew long ago from private letters from the
things can bo placed on a proper basis. He hoped !', Colony, and as we kiww now by the confessionB
the society would take it up once for all, and if it ;of one of the standard hearers of Colonization

should take a week, or a month, it would be a
saving of time in the end, as well ns a great saving
of money.

Mr. GuRLKT said there was one difficulty the
Board had to encounter. Tlicy had not had cor-
rect information in regard to the expense of su

(just returned from the Anniversary. Indeed
[the report goes still farther in covering up mat-
ters, and says of Dr. Mechlin, •' His self-deny-
jing services, and successful efforts for enlarging
{and improving the colony, entitle him to the
crrateful regards of the Society." Self-denying'.

portmg enugrants n the colony. They had been ..p,,;^ appears from the facts we have just men-
told th^t 810 worth of goods 'n this country ^i^,^gj ,-^^^^ j,^^ ^^j of «!-2400, and from a
would bnng enough there for each And they j„ ^ ^ ^^ ■ ^ . , j^.

had always made their estimate on tins basis, tor,., , ^. \^ , ,• , " , ,,> m i .u

each expedition. But they have now found that domestic establishment ! ' Truly even the
their estimate was quite inadequate. As to t|,e most "self-denying" governors are somewhat
resolutions of ihc Board spoken of l.y Mr. Coxe. e.xpensivc.

it was proper to say, that they were passed afterj The annual report, as usual, eulogizes Mr.
this great amount of debt had come upon us, and jj Cres,<;on, that veracious person who told the ven-
in consequence of it. Tlio letters of advice tic- '(^rahle C]a.T]ison t[.at or^e hundred thoxixaud s\a.veB
companying the drafts, have generally been very l were ready to be liberated, if stven pounds and
brief, and not explicit or full. Tlie expense of tlie ten shillings could be raised for the transport-
officers in the colony was doubtless an unfortu- igtion of each, and then hacked up the monstrous
nate arrangement. The full development of the igtory, bv another, that this state of things had
course thmgs were taking, never reached us tillt k^p " roduced hy the fai/hfuhiess of the minis.
sprmg or sunmier. |t^^^^ ^y ,f^^ gospel at the Snulh ! ! We put the

Mr. Bacon said that in regard to the recom. ; „es^ion to jyir. Cresson, recently at Philadel-
endat.on of the committee not to send out any jj ,,5^^ whether he made these statements to Mr.
more emigrants this year, one gentleman has f,,^^^^^^ jj^ ^ jj^,, ^^^^ ,^^ ^^^p, ^t^t^j
vaynot to obtam funds. ,,j --^.. -- -^

last

\m opinion! What a happy re-

urged that this was the

But Mr. B. believed it to be the only way in which i,T"Pse tilings as 1 ...

affairs caa be managed to revive the confidence of i^^^^^ behind his own insignificance ! We know
the public. And he hoped it would lead to a per- i"ot which most to admire, the inexhaustible im-
manent change in the policy of the society in re-iiP"dence of Mr. Cresson, or the unparalleled
gard to sending out emigrants. Let us b«nd our jj effrontery of the Society in sustaining hins
efforts t.> make the colony what it ought to be, ;, against the "organized opposition" of British
and what it might be, and we shall find the freel|philanthropi8tB. No doubt the Society will re-
people will begin to look at it in a difftrent light, [jceive the thanka of Lord Bexby, the Duke of

COLONIZATION SOCIETY.

laBt five years, wo find among our emigrants, that
the proportion of slaven emancipated for the pur*
pose of colonizing has greatly increased. I was
surprised to learn, by the report read to night, that
I of tlie erpigrante from Kentucky, my native state,
1 90 per cent, were manumitted slaves, and from
j tlic whole valley 75 per cent, notwithstanding
there are a hundred thousand people of color
there. And this spirit among the free blacks will
grow every day, because the party who have poi-
soned tlieir minds will grow, because some states
will take up the subject, and because we have

Sussex, and the whole body of West India
slave-holders.

Robert S. Finley, Esq. at the anniversary in
the Capitol, introduced a very pertinent and sea-
sonable resolution relative to ardent spirits in
the Colony. He was very happy as usual in refut-
ing his own argument. " The Colony," he
said, " had already done much to arrest tiie tide
of intemperance, which for 200 years lias been
rolling over Africa hke a tlood." And yet t.lie

Colony has carried on an extensive trathc in

ardent spirits, — a traffic which Mr. Finley says grown wise" by experience, and do not intend to
"is a greater crime than the slave trade, be- |j let you send out your ship loads of free vagabonds
cause it supports the slave trade." This is ini-i^ to Christianize Africa. We had rather have those
plied by Mr. Finley's proposing that "all future;! who are sent out by humane men, tliat will manu-
settlements" should be founded on "temperance || ">it their.slaves from conscientious principles. If
principles." If Mr. Finley were only a doctor, | we cannot have men of good character, we want

none. You do more hurt than good by every ship
load of these free vagabonds."

The following sentiment is in accordance with
the views of the abolitionists as expressed in the
Declaration of the Anti-Slavery Convention.
We believe it has not been sufficiently pondered
by those upon whom the responsibility rests.

"As to any otiier means of abolishing slavery, I
will say nothing of the power of tha United
States government; otdy that the constitutional
auihority which forbids the importation of slaves
from foreign countries, is plainly competent to
forbid their importation from other states. Con-
gress have already exercised this authority towards
several now flourishing states of this confederacy,
and over all our territories lying north of a certain
parallel of latitude. And the day when tliis au.
thority shall be exercised over all the t^tatcs, is the
day that slavery terminates its power. Slavery
cannot survive such a blow. Tiiis, sir, is, I ad-
mit, an engine of vast potency against ^lavery.
And it is not to be exercised until the good sense
and piety and humanity of the nation shall call
it forth."

We trust that the "good sense and piety" of
'tlie nation are now beginning to awake. Such
language as tiie following from a Southern mao
is some proof of it.

I "No man can read either the Old Testament or
the New, but he must see it is hostile to slavery.
And though you may say that, as Christians it is
" The view which I wish to present is this ; the j; out of our province to urge such considerations
future prospects of the Society in regard to pro- 1; upon the government, yet as Christians wo may
curing proper emigrants. In the Providence of |J speak to one another, and admonish each other of
God, the free blacks have become hostile to us — !| wrong. And, sir, as the man who kills another
intensely hostile. I know the fact, and it is use- j' is prima facie a murderer, and is held to clear
Jess to disguise it. I believe they are unalterably | himself by showing justifiable grounds for his
hostile. They have been made so, on system, by ['deed, so the man who claims title in his fellow
a great and growing party in our country, to ■! man, in his bones and sinews and blood, sliall be
which I am decidedly hostile. We owe thanks to jj considered prima facie a sinner, and shall be held
God, that when the Society first started, and could j to prove that liis title has originated in such cir-
not procure slaves to colonize, the free people of j cumstances, and is held for such purposes, as are
color were willing to go. The first four or five , consistent with the spirit and principles of the
hundred who were sent out were chiefly free. And j' gospel. And, sir, the Presbyterian church, of
by their success we were enabled to demonstrate 'which I am a member, can biing forward throo
the feasibility of our plan of colonization. And j! hundred thousand persoas who will maintain this,
now these free people of color, without just cause, [| and will act upon it.

and under tho influence of wrong instructions, I have spoken freely of the abolitionists, but it
are going farther and farther from ua. For the [j is not in iinkindness. I agreo with tho slave- hol<U

he would probably prescribe brandy for delirium
tremens. According to his statement the Colo-
nists, selling 3,000 barrels ofrum in a year, have
outstripped the best of us in the temperance re-
formation, and liavc done wonders in breaking
up the slave trade, and yet the sagacious Mr.
Finley says, ardent spirits, are injurious to the
colony! It is a little singular that the Col.
Board should hesitate to pass a law excluding
ardent spirits from the Colony for fear those
moral people should refuse to sustain it.

Bishop Meade, of Va., made a speech in which
there ia nothing more remarkable than the fol-
lowing sentiment :

" The object of this Society is benevolent. Its
object is to improve the condition of those who
are formed in some respects after the image of
God, but who are nevertheless so formed as to be
liable to many calamities. And is not this benev-
olent 1"

Rev. Robert J. Breckinridge uttered senti-
ments which were probably as little relished by
his audience as they were expected. W^ere it
not that he now and then threw a sop to Cerbe-
rus, we might take him for a genuine abolitionist.
He evidently lacks not courage. Some of his
rebukes are enough to raise a blush on the palest
face of "dough." He most fully confirms sev-
eral of the positions of the abolitionists, as a
few extracts will show.

10

RKPOUT OF THE

er, that the free people of color must go awny or |i of a similar character before the Kentucky Col
^^ .S':r 7L:r:ti'!:!f?-.^':.^^ '- e,se.no,:i.at:on Socioty in 18.1. It a^ earrln'S

, , J --appears m the

na u.ai African Repository for August of tlie

where conceded that the}- will not go

the society ca/j«o/ carry them. 1 And if unv one „., t* t- • i - i ■"

doubts the' truth of this, let him con>e to Bait i J'"'''- ^^ f^^"-"'«>'f ''''"'"'^ ^^"^ «"'>' ^"^"fi-Slave.
more, and I will .show it to him. There he will " ''^ ^"'"""^"ts to be found in lliat periodical for
fmd that our lawyers will not admit a colored man ■ '""^ years ; but, on the 185th page of the same
to the bar, nor oar druggists to their profession. ""'^°^''' ^''*^ ^'^^'^"'' '"'^ the Repository takes oc-
Our hack .stands show few men of color. Even .^^^^*^" to enter a Jesnistical disclainn^r. He
our draymen are nearly all white. We exclude the '1^*}'^ •
colored men from every omplovmfml in which I

men can rise. And they are there perishing for i " ' , '^enlnn-Mits of this speech generalb', wo
the want of daily food. 'j concur, but we wish it to be distinctly understood,

But the dav is coming, too, when the other side '*''^' "'•'' consider slavery to be an evil, which can.
of this .subject will come up. If the slave-holder I' ","^ -^V '°"'' '"""''"'^'"^ '^^'''^ ^'''^^*^'" ^''"" '''**''^' ^"
forces us to a stand in our present course, and com. !i ^°°''**'"^''> except by deliberate, cautious and grad-
pels us to decide whether slavery sliall be abolish- •'i","^^^^"'"*"^'" '^''" P'^seut generation did not
cd instantly, or endure forever, wc come to a new )I*''°'^"'^'^' ^"'^ '^f'- "o!- Hierefore responsible for the
position. And I, for one, am prepared to mfcl it '".'^'■''''f'"^'' of the present form of seciety in our
Let the .slave holder beware how ho drive- us li •""'"" ^^"'"^""''"^''- If (!!) tl"-' state of tilings
away. We siaml i„ ihf. breach for him to keep off '^ '^'■7?' '^ «=''0u!'^ '■'' «-t right, but only \\*lh due
the abolitiouisls. We are his friends, but only to i ?^„ ^" the riglitt, and interests of all parties,
give him time. If we an; driven away, where can ! '

hejind an allyl Where in the literature of the 1 AVhor. M \^v .. <-> • 1 ,

whole world, in th. public opinion of (he wh le 'If J:*. l'^/";:tt Cresson wished to per-
world, in the religion of the whole «orld. will he i i^*" a certain distinguished Anti-Slavery man
find an advocate ? The abolitionist is upon him.'-" i'"""""' tbat the Colonization Society was
And if he attempts to nniintain slavery as perpet- i!" ' ^}^ Ahoiition Society, Jie presented him
ual, every one of us will be upon him too. Yon,!'

Mr. President, and I

abolitionist in such ;

slavery. Rather than slavery, with " its' horrors'; ■ ^^i^aimer had been nicely CUT OUT! It ,„
shall exist forever in this coun ry, let u.s suffer the i needless to tell the re.sult of this inexprcted
evils incidental to it.s iuittant abolition. Ifaboli. discove-y. If i\Ir. Cre.^son wishes to stick
tion must bcMmmediale or not at all, let it be im- this additional feallior in the cap of his dis-
mediate, come whr.t uill. For it is one of the, grace, he may l.avo the names of all the par-

[:;Tv;p;!lr:i:-rn:r::^rwS^;o;ris.^j;i!^'^^^'^^ - ^'- Anti-siaveryomcSm

made one man to own a title to another, I mus ' ^'

reply, Nuy. To nie, it is self-evident, tl

beings whom God made in his own image, h.- ,■ x- .. c. , ■ ■ , .

must have made free. We are the only frinid.<» „f '^°"'-°" "* *'"■ '^t)c-iety s inimenbe debt proves
^- . ■ •■ -^ . . ■ . ■;e.xtraordinaiT honesty, made a very sensible
speech. But v.c wonder how, with all his can-
and nieans of information, he fell into cer-
tain mistakes. Atler commending the aboli-

nd all of us will join the |^"^'^ succeeded admirably, for, as was after-
cause, against perpetuating "'^f'^s discovered the leaf containing the dis-

I Mr. Gerrit Smith, whose philanthropy none
- ^'"'i will doubt, and whose offer to pay so large a

the slave holder, for we give him ;imo

all ho can ask— timi- to act and aboii.vh slavery.! '*^"^'

And in regard to t!ic otlier branch of our labors, ''"''

the colonizinir of tl
manity of ih
drive th
provide

e tree, we appeal to the hu-

of the slave holder, and ask him, Will you h Zionists for the best intentions, he says .•
is free man av.-ay, and not let us unite to! t -i t ii

him a home ? Our brethren at the South !!. .*■''''*''■ ,.'^°"''^ ''''•^' ^'s "^"ch in commendn

will surely become our friends and the friends of , J,'' P"'^''cation.s, as I

our cnterpri.se, I do not say if they will understand ' "^" u '"*' ''''' '""''" °^

lation of
I can of tlicir intentions,
their documents v/hich I
but ifthey will only so far comtnandtheir'feeK'T*''] ^^^'^^'^ as admirable exhibitions of truth,
ings as to give us tiuio to cry to thcin, "Strike '" ^^ , ' '^''"".^ '"-'.'oo widely circulated or too ear-
but hear us." " ':, nestly considered. But I am compelled to declare

ji that many of them are also rash, ill-judged, un.
Give the slaveholders time I That is all they ' "'"^"tablo and slanderous, and not a few of them
ask. The Colonization Society is alwaj's giv. ''.^^'"'"'^O'- to the last degree. I believe the sen-
ing them ^w?c, and therefore the time to repent ll®''^''' ""^ ^^^^^ '"'^" among them (and I take a
never comes. As for ns, we think the time '' P''^^^"''® '" acknowledging there are many such)
has come. It came long ago, and every hour's ii '"*"' '^ ^° ^^ "" ^"*'-

delay adds immensely to the obligation to re- ji It should be understood that he was speaking
pent immediately. _ ;| not of individual abolitionists but of "the Anti-

Mr. Breckinridge, it seems, received some
Bignificant growls from the lion, for making so
free with his beard in his own den. But he is
not easily frightened, and we trust the disci-
pline he will receive from his slave-holding
brethren will drive him of!' from some of his
strange inconsistencies. He delivered a speech

Slavery Society." We beg of Mr. Smith to
put iiis finger on some of our slanderous and
"incendiary" documents. We hold ourselves
responsible only for what we publish. We sus-
pect Mr. Smith may take to himself the reproof
which he administers to us : " They have done
the Society injustice by holding us too much re-

COLONIZATION SOCIETY.

U I

sponsible for the acts and speeches of indvidiial ' Nortli, that our society obstructs tlte progress of
members. " 1 ciiKincipalioii. And I couhl wish that we had

In rejrard t« our charge ao-ainst the Colony i given no occasion. But we iiave given some oc
for trafficking in ardent spirits he is under a ; f ^'^i"»; We are not an Ant.-Slavery Society. We
great misapprehension. He says, 1 have l.terally noti.mg to do w.th slaves. Our con-

■= ' ' -^ , stitnlKin conhncs us to anollicr class oi persons

They have also created a strong prejudioo by c,-,,;re]y. Wliatevcr .some of our members or
harping on flic fact that ardent spirit continues to : agents may have said, our society sets up no pre-
be sold at the colony. On this subject I will ■'iay i tenMnns to the abolilion of slavery. And those
(and my neighbors, at least, know that I am notj „,],o denounce us for not doing this, miglit with
a friend to rum, and will therefore attach some| the saaie propriety denounce the Bible Society, or
value to the declaration) that T have, both at for- j| any similar institution, for not going out of iheir
mer times and now, inquired into the measures, |; iijj,jt(,^ t„ promote the abolilion of Klavery- Bui
which have been adopted by the Board of Man- j: it i.^ equally true that we are not a Pro.Slavery
agers from lime to time, in relation to this subject, society. If there arc under any circumstances?,
and I fully approve tiiem. We are denounced for,, any apologies to be oifered for slavery, it is no part
having omiitcd to make the attempt of suppress- ^j of .;;;,■ bus<innss to liunt ihem up. And if efforts
inglhe traffic m ardent spirit by law, with an ill | a,.e ,r\v.<\c. by any of our fellow chizen-s to abolish
grace indeed, until at least some one of our gov- ; sl,i'. .^ry, it does "not become us to oppose those ef-
ernmentsat home shall have .set the example (so}' forts. " The objection has been well taken, I con-
rauch needed) of shutting on the grog-shops iniiceive, that we want to engross th.e field. I think
Ihfeir jurisdiction. i| ^e have tried to assume the position that slavery

Now we ourselves "fully approve" » the ll f^^"'^' ^« '■'^f''^.'^°"'y^V indirect n.eans, and that

measures adopted by the Board of Managers" I' ^'"^ ^^'^ ^T xv^ '.' ""./• ' v '""?'

c *i A 1 1 4. .£ J i can be allowed. VVnetlier this position is true or

SO far as they go. And we do not denounce j, ^^^^ j ^^.jj, ^^^ ^^^., ^^ ^^ ,,i'^,^„^^_ g^^^ j ^^.j,,

them for having omitted to make the atti-rapt to , ^^^^^ „,^ ^^ well abandon at once all hope

suppress the traffic" by law, hut for holdimr up'^^^ support from the North, as attempt to engross

the Colony as a missionary station, when they :: for our own society the whole of public .sympatliy

very well know that a law tor the suppression and interest in regard to the abolilion of slavery.

of the traffic would be useless for the wantof at Tlie North will no more bear the attempt to make

proper public opinion in the colony to sustain [• this laigross the ground in regnrd to the abolition

it. While Mr. Smitii cannot deny tliat the j! of ^^li very, than the South would bear to have it

rum-traffic is carried on largely in Liberia, it is {[expressly oppose slavery. Both claim, and have a

" with an ill grace indeed," that he ridicules us i "S''^ ^o claim, that we siiould maintain a strict

for makino- the colony "appear l.ut a conven-!i"'^"'^''''''y- ^^"^ '^^' p» ^''c ""e 'I'-^nd, we arc not

ience for the slave-trader." j, *° ''f"'^""^'' "'"'Vcy, so on the oil.

we are not

an}', even the wildest schemes for its

j abolition. So tliat our members may be either

)lders or abolitionists, witiiout doing any

I violence to tlieir principle.^ or their eonneclions.

. But there is another objection against this so.

bociety, emancipation would have gone for- iduty, which to my mind is .still more weiglity. It

'is, tliat il has been greatly, lamentably, wickedly

Mr. Smith also ridicuies the assertion that
"there are now in slavery 265,000 persons who j
would have been free but for the influence of |il
the Society :" in other words, that but for the

deficionl in pity for the free people of color. Their
nutnlior in this land is more than four hundred
thoii-^and. They arc scattered through all our
slat''?, but every where they have lav.', custom,
and i-.rejndico arrayed against them. They are
persecuted at the North as well as the South. And
whenever I hear the people of the North complain
of tiio cruel treatment of the blacks at the South,
I cannot but exclaim, O what hypocrisy! It is
the >.!l!ed policy of mj'own native state of New.
York. I am ;is!mmc(i and grieved to confess it,
but if is tru-, tliat tlie whole policy has been to

ward to this time at the same rate as it did be
fore the existence of the Society. Now be
this as it may, while Mr. Smith grants that the
Society has stood somewhat in the way of
emancipation, we do not see how he can say that
the assertion "makes ridiculously large drafts
upon public credulity."

The following concessions are honest and
manly, and we feel no disposition to withhold a
tribute of respect for the moral courage it took
to utter them, on such an occasion as the Colo-
nization Anniversary in the Representatives'

Hall We presume the Representatives ofj|koep this people vile, by' w'ith'holdi'ngfrom the...
southern "property" will take care to give a li every inducement to well-doing. We make oven
casting vote against the repetition of such here- I the gift of freedom a mockery,
sies in that sacred place. 1}

Il What will those presses, which have so

Buttrulh compels me to say, that this is not the jj abundantly reviled Mr. Garrison as the slan-
Ghsracter of al that the Anti-Slavery Society hasjlj^rer of his country, say to Mr. Smith, who ha.s

somTnrT'"' "'• t '\r'"r\ ^,"^!"i in a similar manner slandered his native state?

some ot the charges wo should make haste loll

plead guilty, and make haste to profit by the ad- I ^^ ^ "^^^ room but tor a single extract more
monition. Fas est ah hoste doceri. They have jl of Mr. Smith's speech. He professes still to
told us many wholesome truths about ourselves j cherish the highest hopes of Liberia, "that foun-
and our influence, for which I thank them. ntain from which .'Vfrica, is already deriving her

The opinion is gaining ground rapidly, at the |j many streams of knowledge and improvement '*

12

RBPORT OF THB

This is astonishing after Mr. Pinney lias told
us, " The natives are in fact menials, (I mean
those in town) and sorry I am to be obliged to
say, that from my limited observation, it is evi-
dent that as little effort is made by the colonists
to elevate them, as is usually made by the higher
classes in the United States to better the condi-
tion of the lower." Mr. Smith nevertheless
wishes all the people of color to consent to go
to Liberia. He acknowledges their right to a
home here, and, we rejoice to say it, adminis-
ters a deserved rebuke to those who have so
often denied that right ; but, after all, he thinks
it best for them to go. He thinks the colony
can be improved so as to make it all, that, in
our ignorance, we have fondly dreamed about
it. We repeat, that we are beyond measure
astonished at this, in a man so well acquainted
as Mr. Smith with the materials of which the
Board of Managers is composed, and who
knows so well that the morals of the colony
■are in a wretched state. To hold on with such
a board, for the purpose of reforming such a
colony, is in our humble apprehension some-
thing like marrying a shrew to improve her
temper. Such a thing may do well enougii in
romance, but we have no faith in it in real life.

" Let the measures of our society be prompted
by a strong desire to relieve the distress of I he free
people of color, and I must beg leave to ditTer
from my reverend friend who has upoken ; I be-
lieve the people will become as unanimous in go'
ing to Liberia, as tlioy are now unanimous in op- i
position. It is no wonder to me, that lliey liavei
had feeliiigs of jealousy towards us, and a want of i

confidence in the sincerity of our professions of 'i<i«'» African Colonization Society, and would
liindness. Wo ourselves have given loo nmchjlgladly Co-operate with them in promoting the
occasion for this, in our speeches and puhlicaiious. jgreat objects in view." We hope Mr. Cresson
Wo have looked too little to their benefit, and too I w-ill keep us duly advised of all the benevolent
much to the political and social advantages wh.ich |; operations of this precious junta of antiquated
we supposed would arise to ourse/rc.x, from the aristocrats, under the patronage of his noble
separation. And our project, which should have i friends Lord Be.xley and the Duke of Sussex,
been held up as one of the purest and highest lie- 1 No doubt there are strong affinities between
nevolence, has been degraded to a mere drain for i the two societies,
the escape of this nuisance. Let us correct this, ]

and place our society on its true ground; let us i "Mr. C. said he could not but rejoice in the
make Africa a desirable home for men of col-;!humble instrumentality which he had been per-
or, and they will find their own way to its shores." Ilmitted to have in producing this result. As for

I the slanders which had been heaped upon him

In the speech ot Mr. Terry who succeeded for it. so fur as he was personally concerned, he
Mr. Smith, there is nothing remarkable. It is j] cast them off. But as an American he deeply re-

"Detected wretch ! of all the reprobate,
None seemed maturer for the flames of hell,
Where still his face, from ancient custom, wears
A holy air, which says to all that pass
Him by, 'I was a hypocrite on earth.' "

What a comment on this resolution is fur-
nished by the debate of the succeeding Thurs-
day, in which Mr. Terry, the mover, admits that
the colony is " in a suffering state," — many
persons "in a bad condition, and who might
be relieved by the accommodation of ' cabins,
similar to these used by the natives !' " and Mr.
Bacon said, " there was something to come out
to which all this [the pecuniary embarrassment]
was as the dust of the balance. There were
things to come out, frightful in their import,
but they could no more be concealed than the
sun at noon day !" [See N. Y. Observer.] And
" that the condition of the colony was such as
must horrify every friend of the cause." Why
icere not Drs. Mechlin and Todsen there to sup-
port this resolution by a narrative of some of the
items of good done to Africa 1 E.xcellent and
self-denying missionaries ! why are their labors
for the benefit of the colony and the natives
permitted to lie in obscurity !

We are now arrived, in the course of tliis
splendid and "cheering" anniversary, at the
set speech of " Elliott Cuesson, Esq."
This wonderful man seems to be a sort of per-
sonification of the colonization scheme; — the
tutelar divinity of the rnterprize. Whenever
he speaks of the society, he speaks of himself.
He offered the aj)propriate resolution ; " That
the meeting rejoice in the formation of the Bri-

ef the old sort — the common product of the
colonization mill. In the language of the re-
porter,—

" He then moved a ••esolution, expressing that
the meeting is cheered by the good effects of the
colony on the surrounding native tribes, affording
bright hopes that the light will spread farther and
farther, until Africa shall take her equal rank
among Christian nations."

What marvelous men ! " cheered

gretted, that one hearing the name of citizen had
dared to declare, before a British audience, that
the American constitution was the vilest outrage
upon humanity that was ever perpetrated."

And when Mr, Cresson heard this vile slan-
der upon his country, why did he not rise and
rebuke it? We have a faint recollection that
Mr. Cresson was challenged by " one bearing
! the name of citizen" to defend his darling so-
by their [jciety, — "the bond of union among mankind,"
very disappointments! "cheered" amidst the land" that \\\s friends advised him to keep out of
ruins of all their hopes ! But this pitiful mock-jls^/i^ Doubtless they had their reasons,
ery is as much out of place as hypocrisy will |j But for ourselves we confess, we do not
be after the day of judgment. It reminds us! believe that any one bearing the name of aa
of a passage in Pollok. !! American ever made such a declciration b*foj:« »

COLONIZATION HOCirTT.

13

British audience. We must have some other ||
proof than Mr. Cresson's assertion.

" Ho was happy, however, to bo able to say, j,
that 6uch men as the excellent Clarkson, and the '
deceased and sainted Wilberforce, had fully ap- jj
proved the objects of the society. Pains are taken |
to make the American public believe that VVilber- [j
force had denounced the society. Tbe charge is ||
untrue. In the vigor of his mind, three years ago,
he expressed his ardent love for this society. His I
pretended signature to the noted "proteBt," was!
affixed when he was on his death bed, the very:
week of the termination of his valuable life. Sub- "
sequently, some of his nearest and dearest friends
had reprobated the act which affi.xed his signature.
Others had also stricken their names from the of-
fensive document."

To Mr. Cresson himself we " have nothing to
say" in regard to these statements. The man 1
is incapable of shame. But to the hearers who
listened to, and drank in such monstrous in- i
credibilities we must be permitted to say, tliat
our indignation at their prejudice has given j
place to a feeling half way between pity and
contempt for the weakness of their intellects. I
The lies, to use a term more appropriate than I
polite, are exquisite ; but then, they are put to-
gether with very bad logic. A man frequently j
does a good thing on his " death bed" which he Jj
would by no means have done three years be- 1
fore. If we are not mistaken a poet has some-
where said, "Death is an honest hour." For[
the benefit of those who cannot see truth i
through so many thicknesses of falsehood, we [
eubjoin a note on this passage by the editor of
the Emancipator.

" We feel it our duty to affirm, positively, and
solemnly, and on our own personal knowledge |
and responsibility, that this statement is untrue. — j
Tho original manuscript, drawn up by one of the
protesting gcniletnen, and to which is appended all
the original signatures is now in this country.
Wc have examined it. and so have scores of re-
spectable gentlemen who will attest to the truth
of what we say. No name is erased from it, nor
has any request or order been received from either
of tho signers, (or from any one professedly on
their behalf,) cither to erase a name, or express a
dissent. The signature of " William Wilber-
force" stands in a bold and firm hund. No man,
tnless it be E. Cresson, has denied that it is his
real signature, written by himself. It was placed
in the hands of Mr. Garrison, with all the signa-'
tures, before he was apprized that such a measure
was in progress. The charge of forgery, if it were
made, would be made on distinguishedBritish Ab-
olitionists. It is said, and cannot be disproved,
that Mr. Wilberforce was in his usual health at
the time of signing it, and was moving abroad for [
some time afterwards. — To this statement I affix ;
jny signature, which is not a "pretended" one, I
and I hereby challenge Elliot Cresson and all the \
Colonizalioiiists on earth to disprove what I have
here written. WILLIAM GOODELL.

New-Yoik, Feb. 1, 1834."

The plain fact is, that many excellent British

abolitionists, " three years age," expressed their
approbation of the Colonization Society, be-
cause they had been told by Mr. Cresson that
one of its objects was 'Uo assist in emancipating,
all the slaves in (he United Slates." This was
the basis of their approbation. Mr. Clarkson
himself used this very langu.age in describing,
what he considered the objects of the Society
in a letter to Elliott Cresson, Esq., which was
partly published in the African Repository for
Nov. 1832. But let it be pondered, according
to the settled policy of the Society, the language of
Clarkson was suppressed, and the words, "to
promotk the voluntary emigration to
Africa of the Colored population of the
United States ;" was put in its stead.* Ail
this to propitiate the South ! If an abolition-
ist had been found guilty of such a forgery, it
would have been the hicjacet of his reputation,
perhaps of his cause. It is the fate of deceiv-
ers to overdo. Consequently the dupes of Mr..
Cresson soon began to find him out, and long
before Mr. Garrison's arrival in England he v/as
complaining of the "slander" and "opposition"
of such men as Suart, Thompson, and Cropper I
But as soon as Mr. Garrison made his appear-
ance with a trunk full of African Repositories
and Annual Reports, the spell was broken ; the
Immediatists of Great Britain saw through the
trick, and the result was a spontaneous protest
signed by Wilberforce and his compeers, resist-
less as a thunderbolt, and burning with the in-
dignation of men who felt themselves to have
been deceived. Mr. Clarkson was prevented
from signing it, only by having committed him-
self to a perfect neutrality at an earlier stage-
of the development. It is to this storm of op-
position that we owe the presence of Mr. Cres-
son in this country. He first took shelter un-
der the gracious smiles of the Duke of Sussex
a.nd Lord Bexly, by whose munificence he was
presented with a grand castle of moonshine,
by the name of the British African Coloniza-
tion Society. But even in this, he was not safe
from the impertinence of such matter-of-fact
people as Charles Stuart, Fowell Buxton, Dan-
iel O'Connell and the like ; he therefore pru-
dently took ship for his native land.

It should not be omitted to the credit of Mr.
Cresson's gratitude, that he has not forgotten
his benefactors, but has sought for their names
the distinguished honor of being enrolled on
the Society's list of Vice Presidents. Can any
one tell us why he has been unsuccessfid in this
laudable efl^ort.

We shall have something to say of Mr. Ba-
con by and by. His public speech dissuades
further expense in sending out emigrants, and
with a sort of Hibernian logic admits that the
Society has given good grounds for the "mis-
representations" of its enemies. Mr. Bacon has
had the sagacity to discover that there is2,no

*Any person may be satisfied of this if he will
compare the letter as published in the Boston Recor-
der, for Sept. 5, 1832, with the Repository.

14

KKPORT OF THK

use in keeping a "secret" that every body
knows ; and he accordingly concedes a gfreat
variety of facts which would otherwise be kept
close.

Rev. Dr. Spring labored to show his South-
ern brethren that they might have confidence
in the co-operation ofthe ministers of the JNorth.
They were not becoming abolitionists so rapid-
ly as was supposed. In proof of this he refer-
red to the vote of the General Assembly at its
meeting last spring, in tavorofthe Colonization
Society. He might have said further, that the
committee of the General Assembly whose bu-
siness it became to distribute to the members a
quantity of al)olition pamphlets sent on from
New-York took upon themselves the responsi-
bility of using them for " waste paper." This
<:ertainly showed a willingness, 'at that time, to
"■co-operate' with slave holders. The inferen-
ces derivable from Dr. Spring's facts, remind
«s of one which he drew on another occasion,
when he said, " My co;;fidcnce in the Coloni-
zation Society will never be shaken so long as
I retain the memory of Samuel J. Mills ! !"*

In regard to the vote in favor of Colonization,
the Dr. says, " The same is true of the repre-
sentative bodies of other denominations." We
do not know that tiie Pastoral Association of
Massachusetts would be regarded as such a
body, but we well remember that at its meeting
last spring in Boston the Rev. Mr. Plummer, ot
Virginia, delivered before it a large mass of pro-
slax^ry cant in behalf of the Colonization So-
ciety. But no commendatory resolution was
proposed, and the Association adjourned with-
>out loss of time. Wo presume this was con-
sidered a mattei of prudence, inasmuch as a
number of ministers were taking notes, and, if
thei'e was any truth in the glistening of their
eyes, they would have dissected tiie Rev. advo-
cate of slavery to tlie minutest iibre, if tliey
had been permitted to get at him. We have
understood tha.t some othe.r ecclesiastical bodies

ing of heaven descending, and the wise and good
of all nations smiling upon it, all at once the ob-
jects of the society, ils friends and its patrons are
denounced, and ils plans declared to lie a scheme
of heartless cupidity, injurious to tiic people of
color, and obstructing the progress of freedom."

This last .sentence sounds strangely in juxta-
position witli one which we have already quoted
from his subseqi:- nt speech. He then said,

" While wo were holding ourselves out to tlie
public, as able to transport any number of emi-
grants for SJSO each, and that iho, colony was pios-
perous, and the vinigratits thrivi.ng a.nw happy,

THESE DISCLOSURES CAME IPON L'S I !"

What disclosures? Why, that the colony is
in a wretched state, both as to its physical re-

! sources and its morals, and the society bankrupt
lo the amount of -^-10,000 ! As Mr. Frelinghuy-
sen has probably been too busily engaged to
w: tch the progress of the colonization contro-
versy, these disclosures, perhaps, had not come
to his knowk'dge, when he delivered his first

I speech, tor if they had, they certainly would have

[saved him some of his arguments as well as a
great deal of his fine rhetoric. As it is, they will

.save us the necessity of much reply. For cu-
riosity's sake we must hold uj) a i'cw jiaragraph's
of this tlorid eloquence in the light of facts.

"I beg now that we m,iy go back to fir.>t prin-
ciples, and see wliethcr tlieru is any ground for all
this. I would treat our foes charit.kbly. But let
us re e.\anunc our institution and ils original de.
sign, and sec whctiier there is any thing iu it, that
ought to provoke the frowns either of heaven or
of our fellow. men. We owe it to ourselves not
10 remain silent spectators while this wildfire is
runying its course. We owe it to these misguided
men to interpose and s.ive them and tl'.eir country
fr;>in the fatal effects of their mad speculations.

'• The objection is clamorously urged against uf,
and we lind it even imported from abroad, in the
sliapeofa British Protect, that the society is an
obstruction to liberty. But what will be thought

that have met more recently, have failed to pass "* ^"'is "JJ^^l'""' ^^'"^" '•• '« understood that a ma-

the vote of commendation. We trust in God
that there are hundreds of ministers now in the
land who would sooner have their tongues
cleave to tlie roof of tiieir mouths, than they
would say with Dr. Spring, " Yon cannot elevate
the negro here, but you can in Africa.^'

The Hon. Theodore Fuemngiiuysen, made
a speech at the public meeting, which, as a
specimen of colonization logic, deserves a se-
parate review. We can do no justice to its
merit in a passing notice.

"We iiava reaciied a peculiarly interesting pe-
riod In the iiistory of the Colonization Society. It
has struggled through ils early difficulties, it lias
outlivcd ihc scorn of ils first years, when we find
it is assailed by new and unexpected prejudices,
and many of its wounds are received in the house
of its friends. Al\er the most unexnmpleil pros
■perity, and when the colony has ome up in advance
of our most sanguine expectations, with the blcss-

jority of that happy company whom you have
planted on the shores of Africa, arc liberated
I slaves, emancipated by Southern masters for the
purpose of breathing the j)ure air of !il)erty ? Yet
this wild spirit of fanaticism denounces the cido-
ny as an obstruction to liberty.

But there is another objection still more strange.
It is said ibat persuading these men, who arc here
.vrithing under our scorn, to eeek themselves a
new home in Africa, is an invasion of their rights.
.\ll this is the mere effusion of a sickly sensibility.
Why sliould it be such a terrible thing to advise or
aid men in seeking a nev.' home? The whole
earth is moved by this principle of colonization.
Ever since the father of the faithful left his native
Ur of the ChaldeanP, emigration has bccoina one
of the established habits of mankind. Tfic bro-
ken fragments of the Roman empire were colo-
nized from the Northern hive. What arc \vc hero
lo-night, but living proofs of tha beriefit of colo-
nization ? Whence are thc?c 15 millions of freo
and enlightened people? whence these pplendid
erections of art, those schools and churches, citif^a

COLONIZATION SOCIKTV.

IS

and towns, this wide spread cinpiie, and all theso jcrtse requires ! !" Really this is a pretty situation
blossed fruits of liberty ? I see in this audience ; for a society that sends its agentp all over the
around me many respected colonists, who in for- | country to gather up the contributions of the
mer years left tiie graves of their fathers and benevolent, — the mites of tlie widows and Or-
struck their course to the great Western Valley, p|,^„g , No responsibilitv, forsootii ! And of
and having there assisted in! nfining up thosciovc-^.y^i^gp^ nobody knowi, \vhat becomes of the
lysistersof the confederacy, they have now come ,j.^|.^jg, ^^ confess we have for some time

hither to nnngle their counsels with ours for th
welfare of the whole. The whole Atlantic slope,
from the sea coast to the inountuius, is at tiiis mo-
ment alive with co!uui.-ts, wi'o are pressing to the
land of premise, to gather the grapes of Eshcol.

tiiought the society a sicindling concern, but we
hardly dared to whisper it, tor fear of impeach-
ing "good men."

A variety of remedies were suggested, which

And yet, barely to invite thcso degraded, whom : 't is of no consequence for us to examine.

cireutnstances have kept down, and will still keep
down, to go home to the land of their fathers, is
denounced as cruel oppression.

Strange that there should be none of the " pure
air of liberty" fit for a black man to breathe,
nearer to us than the coast of Africa ! If there is, J"

We

lave no doubt of the mismanagement, but the
disease is immedicable. The colony is a way-
ward child which cannot be managed by such a
parent — a voluntary association made up of poli-
tics and religion, piety and prejudice, humanity
and oppression. Tlie society has soared up

nean .o u. u au u.e cua.. ui .uuca : u uiere -N , jj^j^ but the sunshine of truth has melted

and they r.-^a! y may breatlie it here at home, ^^^^^.^^ ^^4^^ ^^ ^^^^1 ^^ j^ ,^^^^ plunging into
then we say, that a society w men holds a con- ■ - ° — •■ «■;"."

another element. The idea of a benevolent ^o-
ciety managing a line of colonies — a trans-ocean
emi'ire — was too absurd even for the most san-
guine originators of the scheme. They there-
fore looked to the ultimate inteiference of Con-
srross. They intended to try an experiment and
turn it over into the hands of I lie General Go-
vernment as soon as it should prove itself suc-
,, . r- r »i i .1-11 117 /» cessful. But, we are now told, that ail hope of

pelle.1 our forefat lers from the old wor d ?~Or ^,,^ interference of Congress is at an end. No-

trary doctrine, obstructs liberty,

" Emigration is one of the established habits
of mankind," — So is oppression. Does it thencx;
follow that we have a right to procure the emi-
gration of those w'iiom we dislike, by treating
llieni as we would not be treated ourselves ? We
ourselves feel the benefit of colonization. Does
it thenc follow that those are riofhtcous who ex-

evon those who dichiot expel them, but who never ^^^.^^^ .^ j^^^.^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^J^ ^^j^^ j^^^^ brought this

jirecious bantling into the world, to support it as
well as they can.

We should suppose that one of the managers
;at least, was convinced of the utter iinpractica

rebuked their persecutors, and were so glad to
get rid of them that they paid their passage ?
May ice do evil that good may come .' If the
colored people go spontaneously to Africa, we
shall not object; but thus far "they have been , .,. „ , ^
duped away, and that is what we complain of. I^'lity of the scheme.

It may he, that they do not die faster in Liberia | j^^^ p^_ ^ Gurley said, " He fully agreed in the
than they have done in some other colonies ; but Icxpcdicncy of seeking a new organization, and ho
then they die faster tiian they would here at ! rejoiced in the union of feeling tiiat wns witness-
home, and what right Imve we to sacrinco human i ed. lie kIiouUI be able to show lliat all the debt

life to verify our theory of colonization?

" And yet Liberia, in 12 years, cheered by no
roya! favor, and sustained by no governmental
patronage, progressing amid obloquy and scorn
and indiilerence, now niunber.s more than 3,000

and all the unnecess.iry expenditure in Africa, had
resulted from no individual neglect or mismanage
ment, ( !! ) hut from the adsolute impossibility
I OF doing what tiif.v wished to do."

This impracticability of the scheme, now so

happy and redeemed souls, who there enjoy the ! fully demonstrated, is the best thing about it.

privileges and hopes of freedom. Not only reli
gion, but history thus .'■ets her seal to tlic colony.
The cduso of liberty was never so efFectually plead,
as it is now plead by the colony. That is tlie
great beacon of !ii>erty ; the wondering eyes of
nations are turned to it, and ihc hope is cherish-
ed in the bosom of every j)hi!anthropist, that the
redemption of Africi dr;\wfth nigh."

If it were within the limit o? jrracticabillties, there

is prejudice enough in the land to drive it

through, cost what it might of toil or woe. Mr.

Bacon mistakes in one point when he says,

I" The opposition to our cause is increasing and

\is bnil/ lip more for trani of efflciencij li^reandin

'.Africa, than from all other causes. And if this

is not remedied, it will be impossible to iiold it

Sad nii.stakc ! IIow chilling thi; reality com- up any longer." Tlie more ofHcicnt they are, the

pared with the picture ! " ,! more "mischief they do ; and the more opposition

From tlie long and animated debate upon the ^will they excite from tho.^c who love their couh-

alteration of the constitution, we learn that there try and their race.

is " A TOTAL WANT OF RESPOxNSIBILI- | -

TY," on ihej)artofthe Colony and its agents, " to] [We are obliged to postpone the remainder
the Board of Man.vgkrs." And that the;|(,fU)is review till the next number. We regret
"MEMBERS OK TIIE Boaud" '■' reallu have not ; , . . , , ,• ,

time to spare, to look into the husineJ, and make jth'-s, inasmuch as the disclosures it contains are
tke'/nsekes as inlimatehj conversant with it as the J more important than any yet made. — Ed.]

13

rORTRAIT OF SLAVESY DOKATION8 TBBM8.

A PORTRAIT OF SLAVERY.

BY A BOOTHEHM MAN.

n tenng excuses, in all parts of the land. And is it
F really so ? If indeed it be ; if that " necessity" which
"tolerates this condition be really "unavoidable," in
Wc extract the following from an article in I ^"^ ^^'^^ sense, that we are constrained lor one mo-
thp last nnmhpr nf thp AfrTpan R^nncitMrv hv' "''^"'' '° P"' °^ ^^^ course of conduct which shall
tne last number ot tlte Atrican Kepository by , ^.^st certainly and most effectually subvert a system
the Kev. Robert J. Breckenndge. The whole , which is utterly indefensible on every correct human
article is written with the impetus of a powerful, I principle, and utterly abhorrent from every law of
hut undisciplined intellect ; and, amidst a wil- ! God,— then, indeed, let Ichabod be graven 'in letters

is as wonderful and interesting as a mountain ; good time and way, break the rod of the oppressor,
would be thrown upon the flat and monotonous ami let all the oppressed go free. He has indeed corn-
scenery of Holland. We regret that our limits ■ ' ' "" ' * ^ '

forbid us to review the article at length, or to
make more copious extracts. The writer won-
derfully misapprehends the views of the aboli-
tionists in regard to the matter of " amalgama- ^
turn." Abolitionism leaves every man to the free i

manded servants to be obedient to their masters ; and
it is their bounden duty to be so. We ask not now,
what the servants were, nor who the masters were. —
It is enough that all masters are commanded to "give
unto their servants that which is just and equal ;"
and to what feature of slavery may that description
apply? Just and equal! what care I, whether my
, ■ „ ci ■ t t u*tj ' »i* pockets are picked, or the proceeds of my labor are

e.xercise of his taste, b tit it denies that any man '< \^^^^ f^om me ? What matters it whether my horse
ha.s a right to withhold from another any right i» stolen, or the value of him in my labor be taken
or privilege, to which he may be fairly entitled, from me? Do we talk of violating the rigi.ts of mas-
lest the conspquence should be, that he himself 'era, and depriving them of their property in their

or some one else should violate the present die- ' ^i"^'*^" • ^"^ .^'''' ^°'l^ °"^ "^" "^' '*" '^^"^ ^? vny
. , ri • » . Au ^u■ * -.I thing in which a man ha.s, or can have, so perfect a

tate of his taste. Abohtionists neither encourage righf of property, as in his own limbs, bones and
nor deprecate "amalgamation." It has nothing sihews ? Out upon such folly ! The man who can-
to do with tiieir scheme. Neither the wishes ' not see that involuntary domestic slavery, as it exists
! nor the necessities of our colored brethren re- i' among us, is founded upon the pn iciple of taking by
! quire it. If it shall succeed an act of equal 1^^'^';^^ "'''' '''"''^ '=" another s, has simply no moral

justice, it will succeed in accordance with the j" '

taste of every individual concerned ; and why I
; need any one's taste be horrified at the pros- j DONATIONS

I pect 1 It is the present system of amalgama- j To the American Anti-Slavery Society, received up
' tion which ought to be dreaded, not that which to Feb. 15, 1834 :

I may possibly ensue the establishment of equal ii Benj C. Bacon, S."?; W. L. Garrison, 2; Isaac
' riHits. iKnapp, 2; David Thurston, 1 ; Jas. Loughhead, 1 ;

" I Enoch Mack, 1 ; E. L. Capron, .5 ; J. M. MeKim, 1 ;

What, then, is slavery ? for the question relates to i C. Gillingham, 1 ; Amos A. Phelps, 1 ; D. E. Jewitt,
the action of certain principles on it, and to its proba- 1 0,50 ; Jas. F. Otis, 1 ; Samuel J. May, 3 ; C. W. Den-
ble and projier results; what is slavery as it exists i.ison, 2; A. L. Cox, 1 ; Nathan Winslow, 5 ; Thoniaa
among us? We reply, it is that condition enforced i Shipley, 3; Isaac Winslow, 5; Robt. Purvi.«, 10,
by the laws of one-half the states of this confederacj', Jas. McCnimmel, I ; H. P. Wakefield, 1 ; J. C. Bar-
in which one portion of the community, called mas- j badoes, 1 ; Jos. Casscy, 10; Jos. Southwick, 3; Ev-
ters, is allowed such power over another portion call- !' an Lewis, 0,50 ; Jno. Parkhurst, I ; Jas. V. hiie, 1 ;
ed slaves; as, | J. R. Cambell, 2 ; D. T. Kimball, jr. 5 ; J. Sharp, jr.

1. To deprive them of the entire earnings of their j 5; A. Kingsiey, 10; J. G. Whitticr, 3; John Prentiss,
own labor, except only so much as is necessary to i 1 i Levi Sutlifli I ; Milton Sutliff, 1 ; B. Fussel, 1 ; S.
continue labor itself, by continuing healthful exist- 1 S. Joceiyn, 1; Jas. Molt, 5; D. Cambell, 1 ; Beriah
ence, thus committing clear robbery ; (Green, 1; E. Wtight, jr. 1; John Rankin, 100; A

2. To reduce them to the necessity of universal con -I Friend in Philadelphia, 500 ; Students of the W. R.
cubinage, bv denying to them the civil rights of mar- [College, 28; E. P. Atlee, 5 ; D. L. Child. 2; Joshua
riage ; thus breaking up the dearest relations of life, Coffin, 1 ; No. 3. 0.50. W. GREEN, Jr. Treaa.
and encouraging universal prostitution ; :•

3. To deprive them of the means and opportunities tj

of moral and intellectual culture, in many states mak- fi
ing 11 a high penal offence to tench them to read ; 'jj
thus perpetuating whatever of evil there is that pro- r
ceeds from iL;noranc'; I, -- ^, „„- ,

4. To set up between parents and their children an ll''^" "' *' ^"^ Pf ^'\"/""> ^°"^ "P '" => "^^t/over ;
authority higher than the impulse of nature and „„> I! ^r 50 cents, without the cover To those who take
laws of God; which breaks up the authority of theii^r*'"' '^'^P"^^, "" discount will be made as follows :
father over his own offspring, and at pleasure sepa- ]. ^^ ff,' *^^*^"'- ^"'^^ '"P'^'"' -^ P^L^^ent. for 25 copies,
rates the mother at a returnless distance from her ^"^ -^ ^u ^ \J'\^o m^'"^\ A '^""^'i^y ^"ff
child ; thus abrogating the clearest laws of nature; l'^^ " ^V''^^*^ ^f'^ ^' ^-'^^ Pf h""'^'-':'^- , Payment to
thus outraging all decencv and justice, and demndm^l'^e made in all cases in a</rri«c.. Letters, po..tage,
and opprelsing thousands upon thousands of^emgs i 'Jt''^' addressed to the "Editor ol the Anierican Anti-
created like themselves in the image of the Most Hi|h ' •^'.f.T"'' ^""^^T? ^ *"• ^'^^ ^"^^ssau-st. New-\ork,
Qoj I " '= |,wdl be attended to.

This is slavery as it is daily exhibited in every slave
etate. This is that " dreadful but unavoidable ncc^s- s. w. be.n'EDICT & co. print

TERMS,
fj* This periodical will be furnished tojsubscri-

sity," for which you may hear so many mouths ut-

162 Nassau street.