This is a digital copy of a book that was preserved for generations on library shelves before it was carefully scanned by Google as part of a project
to make the world's books discoverable online.
It has survived long enough for the copyright to expire and the book to enter the public domain. A public domain book is one that was never subject
to copyright or whose legal copyright term has expired. Whether a book is in the public domain may vary country to country. Public domain books
are our gateways to the past, representing a wealth of history, culture and knowledge that's often difficult to discover.
Marks, notations and other marginalia present in the original volume will appear in this file - a reminder of this book's long journey from the
publisher to a library and finally to you.
Usage guidelines
Google is proud to partner with libraries to digitize public domain materials and make them widely accessible. Public domain books belong to the
public and we are merely their custodians. Nevertheless, this work is expensive, so in order to keep providing this resource, we have taken steps to
prevent abuse by commercial parties, including placing technical restrictions on automated querying.
We also ask that you:
+ Make non-commercial use of the files We designed Google Book Search for use by individuals, and we request that you use these files for
personal, non-commercial purposes.
+ Refrain from automated querying Do not send automated queries of any sort to Google's system: If you are conducting research on machine
translation, optical character recognition or other areas where access to a large amount of text is helpful, please contact us. We encourage the
use of public domain materials for these purposes and may be able to help.
+ Maintain attribution The Google "watermark" you see on each file is essential for informing people about this project and helping them find
additional materials through Google Book Search. Please do not remove it.
+ Keep it legal Whatever your use, remember that you are responsible for ensuring that what you are doing is legal. Do not assume that just
because we believe a book is in the public domain for users in the United States, that the work is also in the public domain for users in other
countries. Whether a book is still in copyright varies from country to country, and we can't offer guidance on whether any specific use of
any specific book is allowed. Please do not assume that a book's appearance in Google Book Search means it can be used in any manner
anywhere in the world. Copyright infringement liability can be quite severe.
About Google Book Search
Google's mission is to organize the world's information and to make it universally accessible and useful. Google Book Search helps readers
discover the world's books while helping authors and publishers reach new audiences. You can search through the full text of this book on the web
at|http : //books . google . com/
\\% \bUo.^>;^
l^arfaarlj College iiftrarg
FROM THE FUND OF
CHARLES MINOT
Class of 1828
I)..,.
Digitized by
Google
Digitized by
Google
Digitized by
Google
Digitized by
Google
The American Jewish
Year Book
5676
September 9, 191 5, to September 27, 1916
Edited by
JOSEPH JACOBS
for the
AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE
PHILADELPHIA
The Jewish Publication Society of America
1915
Digitized by
Google
copybight, 1915, by
The Jewish Publication Society of America
Digitized by
Google
PREFACE
In taking over the editorship of the Amekican Jewish
Year Book after a series of distinguished predecessors — Dr.
Cyrus Adler, Miss Henrietta Szold, Dr. Herbert Priedenwald,
and Mr. Herman Bernstein — I feel that I could not do better
than follow in the main lines which their experience has
evolved. After many tentative attempts in various directions,
to give it a literary, historical, or reference character, the Amer-
ican Jewish Year Book has at last settled down into a de-
tailed chronicle of the past year of the events interesting to
Jews in all countries, an account of the chief organizations
which have a national scope throughout the United States,
with a special report of the two national organizations, the
American Jewish Committee and the Jewish Publication
Society of America, with whose co-operation the Year Book
is produced.
This naturally leaves but little space for other topics which
vary from year to year, and have hitherto been selected accord-
ing to the subject that most pressed for attention at the time.
It will be remembered that during the agitation connected
with the Passport Question, the Year Book contained a
valuable study of the problem which helped considerably in
the movement which led to such a striking victory in Congress.
So too, when the question of greater restriction of Immigration
was the topic of the day, the Year Book contained an article
^^ In Defense of the Immigrant." It was also natural when
the Publication Society celebrated its semi- jubilee that the
Year Book should contain the proceedings on that memorable
Digitized by
Google
VI PRBPACB
occasion. Thus from year to year, the topic of the time has
received due attention in our pages.
This year of course all thoughts are directed to the Euro-
pean War, which is affecting so disastrously the fate of Israel
in ''Old Poland'' divided among three of the combating
nations, and in Palestine, which has been dragged willy-nilly
into the fray. It would therefore have been appropriate to
have an account of the European War so far as it affected
Jewish interests for the chief subject of the Ybak Book for
5676. But it was felt that any account of the Jewish
part in this titanic struggle would have been so incomplete
and inaccurate that it was finally decided to defer this burn-
ing topic for a subsequent issue, when, it may be hoped, the
war shall have passed into history.
One result of the war will undoubtedly be to settle the fate
of Palestine for a long time to come, and it seems therefore
appropriate to devote the chief article of the present issue of
the Ambeican Jewish Year Book to an accoimt of the
recent progress in Palestine as it has affected the Jewish
inhabitants of the Holy Land. It has been written by Miss
Henrietta Szold, and gives for the first time in English, at
such length, an account of the upbuilding of the Jewish
popxdation of Palestine within recent years. Quite apart
from its bearing upon future problems, the position of the
Jews in the land of their fathers has an intrinsic interest of its
own to every Jew, which Miss Szold's article cannot fail to
satisfy.
Another feature that has become usual in the recent issues
of the Year Book has been some historical article on Jewish
problems or tendencies in American Israel. The progress of
agriculture among American Jews, the hardships caused by
Digitized by
Google
PREFACE VII
Sunday Laws, the organization of the Jewish Community of
New York, the progress of Jewish Eeligious Education in the
United States, have been among the topics touched upon. On
this occasion we give an article on the Federation movement
in Jewish charity, which has spread so remarkably throughout
the larger Jewish communities in the United States. I have
endeavored, in my treatment of the subject, to be purely ob-
jective, and have been concerned more to give accurate data as
to the remarkable development of the movement, than to draw
any practical conclusions from them.
In preparing the present issue, I have, like my recent prede-
cessors, been benefited by the advice of Dr. Cyrus Adler and
Miss Henrietta Szold, who have both read the proof, and
improved the final form by their suggestive criticisms. Dr.
Julius Greenstone, as on previous occasions, has seen to the
accuracy of the calendar, and we have added a series of tables
enabling the reader to translate Jewish into current dates, and
vice versa, for the purpose of determining anniversaries of
deaths and the like. It is hoped that this innovation will be
found useful.
Miss Eose A. Herzog and Mr. Harry Schneiderman have
continued their kind co-operation in the work of preparing
the manuscript, and I desire to express my warmest acknowl-
edgment of their help.
June, 1915. Joseph Jacobs.
Digitized by
Google
SPECIAL AETICLES IN PREVIOUS ISSUES OF THE
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
The Aixiance Isba^lite Univebselle, 5661, pp. 45-65.
The Jews of Roumania (two articles), 5662, pp. 25-87.
The American Passport in Russia, 5665, pp. 283-305.
The Passport Question in Congress, 5670, pp. 21-43.
Directories of National and Local Organizations, 5661, pp. 67-
495; 5668, pp. 21-430; 5669, pp. 19-64; 5670, pp. 146-189; 5671,
pp. 229-253; 5672, pp. 217-265; 5673, pp. 217-263; 5674, pp.
361-413; 5675, pp. 276-327.
Statistical Summary by States (Jewish Organizations in the
United States), 5662, pp. 126-156.
The Jewish Population of Maryland, 5663, pp. 46-62.
A List of Jewish Periodicals in the United States, 5660, pp.
271-282; and in subsequent issues.
Preliminary List of Jewish Soldiers and Sailors Who Served
IN the Spanish-American War, 5661, pp. 525-622.
The Hundred Best Avahj^ble Books in English on Jewish Sub-
jects, 5665, pp. 309-317.
One Hundred Available Books in English on Palestine, 5666,
pp. 153-162.
A List of Available Stories of Jewish Interest in English,
5667, pp. 130-142.
A Syllabus of Jewish History, 5666, pp. 163-170.
Biographical Sketches of Rabbis and Cantors Officiating in
the United States, 5664, pp. 40-108; 5665, pp. 214-225; 5666,
pp. 119-125.
Biographical Sketches of Jews Prominent in the Professions,
ETC., IN THE United States, 5665, pp. 52-213.
Biographical Sketches of Jewish Communal Workers in the
United States, 5666, pp. 32-118.
Uriah P. Levy, 5663, pp. 42-45.
Gershom Mendez Seixas, 5665, pp. 40-51.
Penina MoisE, 5666, pp. 17-31.
From Kishineff to Bialystok. A Table of Pogroms from 1903
TO 1906, 5667, pp. 34-89.
Sunday Laws of the United States and Judicial Decisions Hav-
ing Reference to Jews, 5669, pp. 152-189.
The Jewish Community of New York City, 5670, pp. 44-54.
In Defense of the Immigrant, 5671, pp. 19-98.
The Passport Question, 5672, pp. 19-128.
The Jew and Agriculture, 5673, pp. 21-115.
The Jewish Publication Society, 1888-1913, 5674, pp. 19-187.
The Beilis Affair, 5675, pp. 19-89.
Jewish Education in the United States, 5675, pp. 90-127.
Digitized by
Google
CONTENTS
PAGE
Preface V
Special Abticles in Pbevious Issues of the American Jewish
Year Book VIII
Calendars I
Time of Sunrise and Sunset in Six Northern Latitudes .... 18
Table Showing Dates on Which Jewish Holidays and Festi-
vals Occur in 1913-1921 20
Anniversary and Barmitzvah Tables 21
Recent Jewish Progress in Palestine. By Henrietta Szold. . 25
The Federation Movement in American Jewish Philan-
thropy. By Joseph Jacobs, Litt. D . . . »w 159
Events in 5675:
Table of Contents 199
A. United States 203
B. Foreign Countries 223
Directories:
Jewish National Organizations in the United States 286
New Jewish Local Organizations in the United States 324
New Jewish Periodicals Appearing in the United States . . . 340
Jevtish Members op the Congress op the United States 342
Statistics of Jews:
A. Jewish Population of the World 343
B. Jewish Immigration into the United States 348
C. Jewish Immigration into Canada 354
EiioHTH Annual Report of the American Jewish Committee,
November 8, 1914 356
Rkport of the Twenty-Seventh Tear of The Jewish Publica-
tion Society op America, 1914-1915 395
Digitized by
Google
Digitized by
Google
CALENDARS
Digitized by
Google
CALE^
nrnn-6676
19U-1916
1916^
1914
5675
>
1915
Sept. 21
New Year
Tishri
1
Sept. 9
Newl
Sept. 23
Fast of Gedaliah
Tishrl
3
Sept. 12
Fast of G
Sept. 80
Day of Atonement
Tishri
10
Sept. 18
Day of At
Oct. 5
Tabernacles
Tishri
15
Sept.23
Taberi
Oct. 12
Eighth Day of the Feast
Tishri
22
Sept. 80
Eighth Day o
Oct. 13
Rejoicing of the Law
Tishri
23
Oct. 1
Rejoicing o
Oct. 20
First New Moon Day (of Heshvan) Tishri
80
Oct. 8
First New Moon D
Nov. 19
New Moon Day
Elslev
1
Nov. 7
First New Moon 1
Dec. 18
Hannkah
Klslev
25
Dec. 2
Hanii
Dec. 18
New Moon Day
Tebet
1
Dec. 7
First New Moon 1
Dec. 27
FastofTebet
Tebet
10
Dec. 17
Fast of
1915
1916
Jan. 16
New Moon Day
Shebat
1
Jan. 6
New Mo
Feb. 14
First New Moon Day (of Adar)
Shebat
30
Feb. 4
First New Moon
Feb. 25
Fast of Esther
Adar
11
Mch. 5 First New Moon Day
Feb. 28
Purim
Adar
14
Mch. 16
Fast of
Mch. 16
New Moon Day
Nlsan
1
Mch. 19
Pnr
Mch. 80
Passover
Nlsan
15
Apl. 4
New Mo
Apl. 14
First New Moon Day (of lyar)
Nlsan
80
Apl. 18
Passe
May 2
Thirty-third Day of 'Omcr
lyar
18
May 8
First New Moon
May 14
New Moon Day
Slvan
1
May 21
Thirty-third r
May 19
Feast of Weeks
Slvan
6
June 2
New Mo<
Jane 12
First New Moon Day (of Tammuz)
Slvan
80
June 7
Feast of
Jane 29
Fast of Tammuz
Tammuz 17
July 1
First New Moon Df
July 12
New Moon Day
Ab
1
July 18
Fast of T
July 20
Fast of Ab
Ab
9
July 81
New Mo(
Aug. 10
First New Moon Day (of Elul)
Ab
80
Aug. 8
Fast of
Sept. 5
Selihot Services
EIuI
26
Aug. 29
First New Moon 1
Sept. 8
Eve of New Year
EIuI
29
Sept.24
8ept.27
Selihot S<
Eve of Ne
Digitized by
Google
DARS
n
-6676
-1916
on
rr'in-6677
1916-1917
5676
;
1916
5677
car
Tishri
1
Sept. 28
New Tear
Tishri
1
sdaliab
Tishri
4
Oct. 1
Fast of Gedaliah
Tishri
4
mement
Tishri
10
Oct. 7
Day of Atonement
Tishri
10
teles
Tishri
15
Oct. 12
Tabernacles
Tishri
15
t the Feast
Tishri
22
Oct. 19
Eighth Day of the Feast
Tishri
22
I the Law
Tishri
23
Oct. 20
Rejoicing of the Law
Tishri
23
ly (of Heshvan) Tishri
30
Oct. 27
First New Moon Day (of Heshvan) Tishri
30
)aj (of Eisley)
HeshYan 80
Nov. 26
New Moon Day
Eislev
1
kah
Eisley
25
Dec. 20
Hanukah
Eislev
25
)ay (of Tebet)
Eislev
30
Dec. 25
First New Moon Day (of Tebet)
Eislev
80
Tebet
Tebet
10
1917
on Day
Shebat
1
Jan. 4
Fast of Tebet
Tebet
10
Day (of Adar)
Shebat
30
Jan. 24
New Moon Day
Shebat
1
(of AdarShenDAdar
80
Feb. 22
First New Moon Day (of Adar)
Shebat
80
Esther Adar Sheui 11
Mch. 7
Fast of Esther
Adar
13
Im Adar Sheni
14
Mch. 8
Purim
Adar
14
on Day
Nisan
1
Mch. 24
New Moon Day
Nisan
1
iTer
Nisan
15
Apl. 7
Passover
Nisan
15
Day (of lyar)
Nisan
80
Apl. 22
First New Moon Day (of lyar)
Nisan
80
)ay of 'Omer
lyar
18
May 10
Thirty-third Day of 'Omer
lyar
18
m Day
Sivan
1
May 22
New Moon Day
Sivan
1
Weeks
Sivan
6
May 27
Feast of Weeks
Sivan
6
ly (of Tammnz) Sivan
80
June 20
First New Moon Day (of Tammuz) Sivan
80
ammuz
Tammuz 17
July 8
Fast of Tammuz
Tammuz 18 |
)ii Day
Ab
1
July 20
New Moon Day
Ab
1
Ab
Ab
9
July 29
Fast of Ab
Ab
10
Day (of Elnl)
Ab
80
Aug. 18
First New Moon Day (of Elul)
Ab
80
ervices
EIul
25
Sept. 9
Selihot Services
Elul
22
!W Year
Elul
29
Sept. 16
Eve of New Tear
Elul
29
Digitized by
Caoogle
5676
is called 676 (V'rin) accordiiig to the short system (p"B^).
It. is a perfect leap year of 13 months, 55 Sabbaths, 385 days,
beginning on Thursday, the fifth day of the week, and having
the first day of Passover on Tuesday, the third day of the
week; therefore its sign is }^n, i. e., n for fifth, B'for perfect
(hdSk^), and i for third. It is the fourteenth yeQ,v of the
299th lunar cycle of 19 years, and the twentietli year of he
203d solar cycle of 28 years, since Creation.
Digitized by
Google
1015. Sept. 9-Oct. 8] TISH Rl 30 DAYS [^K^n 5676
GiTil
Hontii
Week
J«wiih
Montk
SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS
PENTATEUCHAL
PORTIONS
PROPHETICAL
PORTIONS
nntDBn
Sept.
9
10
11
Th
F
S
Tiahri
1
2
3
New Year nJK^n m '«
New Year n^K^H '11 '1
i Gen. 21
1 Num. 29: 1-6
j Gen. 22
1 Num. 29: 1-6
Deut. 81
I Sam. 1: 1-2: 10
Jer.81:2-20
fHos. 14: 8-10: Jo«l S: 16-17
J or S7 ; Seph. Hos. U: S-IO:
^ Mlcah 7:18-20
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
S
M
T
W
Th
F
S
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
jFastof Qedaiiah ,
Day of Atonement IIM OV
Ex. 82: 11-14; 84: 1-10
( Lev. 16
■^ Num. 29: 7-11
( Afternoon: Lev. 18
J Is. 66: 6-66: 8
< Seph, none
ris. 67: 14-68: 14
Afternoon: Jonah
iSepTi. odd Mlcah
I 7^18-20
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
S
M
T
W
Th
F
S
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Tabernacles niDDT '«
Tabernacles niDDI '1
- *
(Lev. 22: 26-28: 44
1 Num. 29: 12-16
(Lev. 22: 26-28: 44
Num. 29: 12-16
J Ex. 83: 12-84: 26
1 Num. 29: 17-22
Zech. 14
IKingr8 8:2-21
Ezek. 88:18-89:16
26
27
28
29
30
Oct.
1
2
S
M
T
W
Th
F
S
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
t Eighth Day of the Feast
1 mvr ^3^tDB^
j Rejoicing of the Law
['nn 'ID] ,n^K^«ni
(Num. 29: 20-28
ISep/i. 29:20-25
(Num. 29:28-81
1Sep?i. 29:23-28
(Num. 29:26-84
{Sep;i. 29:26-81
(Num. 29: 26-84
1Sep?i. 29:29-84
J Deut. 16: 19-16: 17
1 Num. 29:86-80:1
Deut. 88: 1-84: 12
{ Gen. 1: 1-2: 8
Num.29:86-«):1
Gen. 1: 1-6: 8
I Kings 8: 54-66
fJosh.l
t Seph. 1: 1-9
Is. 42: 6-48: 10
{ Seph, 42: 6-21; 61: 10;
62:6
3
4
5
6
7
8
s
M
T
W
Th
F
25
26
27
28
29
30
New Moon C^in 'Tl '«
Num. 28: 1-16
* The Book of Ecolesiastes Is read.
5
Digitized by
Lioogle
1915, Oct. 9-Nov. 7] HESHVAN 30 DAYS
[pK^n 5676
OiTil
o(Ua
T«6k
Jnridi
Hoatk
SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS
PENTATEUCHAL
PORTIONS
PROPHETICAL
PORTIONS
nnDDH
Oct.
9
s
EnliTaa
1
New Moon BHn 'IT '3 .03
j Gen. 6: 9—11: 88
1 Num. 28: 9-16
Is. 66
10
s
2
11
M
3
12
T
4
13
W
5
14
Th
6
15
P
7
16
S
8
lH^
Gen. 12: 1—17: 27
18.40:27-41:16
17
s
9
18
M
10
19
T
11
20
W
12
21
Th
13
22
23
F
S
14
15
Kn^l
Gen. 18: 1-22: 24
jIIKlnfir8 4:l-87
1Scp?i.4:l-23
24
s
16
25
M
17
26
T
18
27
W
19
28
Th
20
29
F
21
30
S
22
ni^ ^^n
Gen. 23: 1-26: 18
I Klngrs 1:1-31
31
s
23
Nov.
1
M
24
2
T
25
3
W
26
4
5
Th
F
27
28
[CnpiD] pp 11D5 DV
6
S
29
['nn 'ID] nn^m
Gen. 26: 19-28: 9
I Sam. 20: 18-42
7
s
30
New Moon KHH "M '«
Num. 28: 1-15
Digitized by
Google
1916, Nov. 8-
^^c- 7] KISLEV 30 DAYS
[I^DD 567fl
CiTil
Monih
Jevid
Month
' SABBATHS. FESTIVALS. FASTS
PENTATEUCHAL
PORTIONS
PROPHETICAL
PORTIONS
nntDBH
Nov
8
9
M
T
lisleT
1
2
New Moon ^nn 'll '3
Num. 28: 1-16
10
W
3
11
Th
4
12
13
F
S
5
6
«ri
Gen. 28: 10-32: 3
rHos.l2:18-14:10;
1 or 11: 7-12: 12;
or 11: 7-14: 10
I -Sep?i. 11:7-12:12
14
S
7
15
M
8
16
T
9
17
W
10
18
Th
11
19
F
12
rHos.l2:ia-14:10;
20
S
13
n^C'^i
Gen. 82: 4-36: 43
or 11: 7—12: 12;
^ or Obad. 1:1-21
I Sep/i.Obad. 1:1-21
21
S
14
22
M
15
23
T
16
24
W
17
25
Th
18
26
F
19
27
S
20
2^"\
Gen. 37:1— 40:28
Amos 2: 6— 3: 8
28
S
21
29
M
22
30
T
23
Deo.
1 w
24
2
3
4
Th
P
S
26
26
27
J Hanukah, Feast of Dedication
Vm '2D] ,f PD
i Num. 7: 1-17
Seph, 6: 22—7: 17
Num. 7: 18-29
} Seph. 7: 18-23
j Gen. 41: 1-44: 17
1 Num. T: 24-29
Zech. 2: 14-4: 7
5
6
71
s
M
28
29
30
New Moon tnn 'm '«
(Num. 7: 30-41
Sep?i.7:80-35
Num. 7:36-47
Sep?i.7:36-41
Num.28:l-16;7:42-47
7
Digitized by VJ
ooQle 1
1915, Dec. 8—1916, Jan. 5]
TEBET 29 DAYS
[naiD 6676
of the
Week
Jewish
Month
SABBATHS. FESTIVALS, FASTS
PENTATEUCHAL
PORTIONS
nrKHB
PROPHETICAL
PORTIONS
W
Th
F
S
s
M
T
W
Th
F
S
Tebet
1
2
3
4
New Moon ^m 'm '2
Eighth Day of Hanukah
Num. 28: 1-16; 7: 48-63
Num. 7: 54—8: 4
Gen. 44: 18-47: 27
Ezek. 87: 15-28
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
; Fa$t of Tebet
Ex. 32: 11-14; 84: 1-10
Gen. 47: 28-50: 26
j Is. 65: 6—56: 8
"I Seph, none
IKinfir8 2:l-12
S
M
T
W
Th
F
S
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
niDE'
Ex. 1: 1-6: 1
118.27:6—28:13;
< 2»:22,23
(Seph. Jer. 1:1— 2:3
S 19
M
T
W
Th
F
20
21
22
23
24
25
vnn '30] .KnKi
Ex. e: 2— »: 36
Ezek. 28: 25-29:21
s
M
T
W
26
27
28
29
jtsp iisa or
Digitized by
Google
1916, Jan. 6-Feb. 4] SHEBAT 30 DAYS
101^^5676
Ciril
ofd*
Javudi
PENTATEUCHAL
PROPHETICAL
Month
Xmtk
SABBATHS. FESTIVALS, FASTS
PORTIONS
PORTIONS
TMk
nVK'-iD
nnDsn
Jan.
Sktliat
6
Th
1
New Moon {Tin CKI
Num. 28: 1-16
7
F
2
8
S
3
Ka
Ex. 10: 1-18: 16
Jer. 46: 18-28
9
S
4
10
M
5
11
T
6
12
W
7
13
Th
8
^
14
F
9
16
S
10
nn^K' '^ ,rh^i
Ex. 18: 17—17: 16
»Judfire8 4:4-6:81
1 Sep?i. 6: 1-81
16
S
11
17
M
12
18
T
13
19
W
14
20
Th
15
\ New Year for Tree$ » »
21
F
16
22
S
17
nn^
Ex. 18: 1-20: 23
j Is. 6: 1—7: 6; 9: 6, 6
1Sep;i.6:l-18
23
s
18
24
M
19
26
T
20
26
W
21
27
Th
22
28
F
23
29
S
24
['nn'aDl^D^tDBK'D
Ex. 21: 1—24:18
Jer.34:8-22; 83:26,6
30
s
25
31
M
26
Feb.
1
T
27
2
W
28
3 Th
29
jtDp 11BD DV
4 F
30
New MooiT " K^nn 'Tl '«
Num. 28: 1-16
Digitized by
Google
1916.ireb.6-Moh.6] ADAR RISHON 30 DAYS qiEVmK 6676
WtU
Koiitk
of'L
TMk
Jewish
Montk
SABBATHS. FESTIVALS. FASTS
PENTATEUCHAL
PORTIONS
PROPHETICAL
PORTIONS
Feb.
5
s
idar
1
New Moon tjnn'i ,nDnn
j Bx. 26: 1—27: 19
1 Num. 28: 9-16
Is. 66
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
s
M
T
W
Th
F
S
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
nivn
^ Bx. 27: 2Q-30: 10
Bzek. 43: 10-27
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
s
M
T
W
F
S
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
XK^n *D
Bx. 30: 11—84: 35
j I Kingre 18: 1-39;
1 Of 18: 20-39
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
s
M
T
W
Th
F
S
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
!?npM
Bx. 86: 1-38: 20
j I Kings 7: 40-60
1 Seph. 7: 13-26
27
28
29
Moh
1
2
3
4
s
M
T
W
Th
F
S
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
jBx. 88:21-40: 38; 30:
< 11-16
j II Kingrs 12: 1-17
< Seph. 11: 17-12: 17;
(I Sam. 20: 18, 42
5
S
30
New Moon KHH ^T 'K
Num. 28: 1-16
10
Digitized by
Google
1916, Hob. e-Apl. 3] AOAR SHENI 29 DAYS
['Jt? ins 6676
GiTil
Xana
TMk
Jtviik
Mmfli
SABBATHS, FESTIVALS. FASTS
PENTATEUCHAL
PORTIONS
nVCHB
PROPHETICAL
PORTIONS
nnoan
Uch. 1
idwn
6
M
1
New Moon {Tin 'IT '3
Num. 28: 1-16
7
T
2
8
W
3
9
Th
4
10
F
5
11
S
6
K">P'1
Lev. 1: 1—6: 28
18.48:21-44:23
12
S
7
13
M
8
14
T
9
15
16
17
18
W
Th
F
S
10
11
12
13
iFutolEcthor
1 tcnpio] inoK mx
Ex. 82: 11-14:84:1-10
J Lev. t: 1-8: 8«
1 Deut 26: 17-19
1 Is. 66: 6-66: 8
I Seph. none
II Sam. 16: 2-84
i««p/». 16:1-84
19
s
14
Purim, Foa*t of Esther* DniB
Ex. 17: 8-l«
20
M
15
Shuthan PurIm DniB {B^IB^
21
T
16
22
W
17
23
Th
18
24
25
P
S
19
20
n-IB 'B .'J'DtJ'
J Lev. 9: 1-11: 47
1 Num. 19
ISzek. 88: 16-88
1 Seph. 86: 16-36
26
s
21
27
M
22
28
T
23
29
W
24
30
Th
25
31
F
26
Ap).
1
S
27
Bnnn 'b, ['nn '30) ,ffntn
(Lev. 12: 1-18: 69
j Ex. 12: 1-20
(Ezek.46:16-46:18
1 Seph. 46: 18-46: 16
2
s
28
3
M
29
*The Book of Esther i
11
1 read.
Digitized by
C^oogle
1916, Apl. 4-May 3] NISAN 30 DAYS [p^J 5676
Civil
Hontk
Jtiriili
Moatk
SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS
PENTATEUCHAL
PORTIONS
nVKHB
PROPHETICAL
PORTIONS
nnoBn
Apl.
4
5
6
7
8
T
W
Th
P
S
1
2
3
4
6
New Moon tnn tWl
Num. 28: 1-15
Lev. U: 1—15: 33
11 KlnOT 7: 8-20
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
s
M
T
W
Th
F
S
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
b^iin nac.niD nnK
Lev. 16: 1—18: 80
( Mai. 8: 4-24 or
\ Amos 9: 7-15
( Seph. Mai. 8: 4-24
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
S
M
T
W
Th
P
S
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
fFastoftheFirtt-Born
t Dni33 n»3i;n
Passover nOBT 'K
( Passover, First Day ol 'Omer
1 noan '3
j Ex. 12: 21-61
1 Num. 28: 16-26
J Lev. 22: 26-28: a
1 Num. 28: 16-26
(El. 13: 1-16
1 Num. 28: 19-26
Ex. 22: 24-28: 19
Num. 28: 19-26
Ex. 83: 12-34: 26
' Num. 28:19-26
Josh. 8: 6-7;
< 5: 2—6: 1, 27
Seph. 6: 2— 6:1,27
(11 Kings 23:1 (or 4)
1 Bzek. 86: 37-87: 14
1 Seph. 37: 1-14
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
s
M
T
W
Th
F
S
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Passover RDST 't
Passover nOBT 'H
['nn '3D] .D'cmp
Num. 9: 1-14
) Num. 28: 19-25
1 Ex. 13: IT— 16: 26
1 Num. 28: 19-26
JDeut. 16:19 —16:17
I Num. 28: 19-26
Lev. 19: 1-20: 27
II Sam. 22
18.10:32-12:6
Amos 9: 7-15; or
Bzek. 22: 1-19 (or -18)
Seph. Ezek. 20: 2 {or
I i)-ao
30
May
1
2
3
s
M
T
W
27
28
29
30
New Moon Cnn IT 'N
Num. 28: 1-15
* The Song of Songs is read.
12
Digitized by
Google
1910. May 4- June 11 lYAR 29 DAYS
tl"K 6676
CiTil
Month
oftL
Jtvish
Montk
PENTATEUCHAL
PROPHETICAL
SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS
PORTIONS
PORTIONS
Week
nvcns
nntsan
May
Ijw
4
Th
1
New Moon Vtn 'ITt '2
Num. 28: 1-15
5
P
2
6
S
3
■IIDK.
Lev.21:l— 24:28
Ezek. 44: 16-31
7
S
4
8
M
5
9
T
6
10
W
7
11
Th
8
12
F
9
13
S
10
nna
Lev. 26: 1— 2«: 2
Jer. 32: 6-27
14
s
11
15
M
12
16
T
13
17
W
14
18
Th
15
19
F
16
20
S
17
'nijjnn
Lev. 26: 8—27: 84
Jer. 16: W— 17: 14
21
s
18
33dDayof-Onier 1DW3 y6
22
M
19
23
T
20
24
W
21
25
Th
22
26
F
23
27
S
24
['nn '3D] .nanon
Num. 1: 1-4: 20
Hos. 2: 1-22
28
S
25
29
M
26
30
T
27
31
W
28
June
1
Th
29
lop niaa or
13
Digitized by
Google
1916, June 2- July 1] SiVAN 30 DAYS
[JVD 8076
OiTil
Month
ortL
TMk
Jnridi
Montli
SABBATHS. FESTIVALS. FASTS
PENTATEUCHAL
PORTIONS
ni'BnB
PROPHETICAL
PORTIONS
nnuBn
June
SiTU
2
F
1
New Moon tTin tf'KI
Num. 28: 1-16
3
S
2
avi
Num. 4: 21-7: 89
Judges 18: 2-26
4
S
3
5
M
4
6
T
5
7
W
6
Feast of Weeks nirUtJn 'K
IBx.l9:l-80:2«
1 Num. 28: 28-81
Ezek.l:l-28;8:12
8
9
Th
F
7
8
Feast of Weeks* mmen '3
( Deut. 14: 22—16: 17
I Num. 28: 26-81
JHab.8:l-19
1 Seph. 2: 20-S: 19
10
S
9
nm^j/na
Num. 8: 1—12: 16
Zech.2:14-4:7
11
S
10
12
M
11
13
T
12
14
W
13
15
Th
14
16
F
15
17
S
16
l^n^c
Num. 13: 1-16: 41
Josta. 2
18
s
17
19
M
18
20
T
19
21
W
20
22
Th
21
23
F
22
24
S
23
['nn '3D] .mp
Hum. 16:1-18:82
I Sam. 11: 14-12:22
25
s
24
26
M
25
27
T
26
28
W
27
29
Th
28
tOnpiOl pp 111)3 DV
30
F
29
July
1
S
30
New Moon CnH "IT 'K .npn
J Num; 19: 1-22: 1
1 Num. 28: 9-16
18.66
* The Book of Ruth is read.
14
Digitized by
Google
1916, July 2—80] TAMMUZ 29 DAYS
[nOn 5676
Oinl
Hontk
OftVt
TMk
Jewish
Montk
SABBATHS. FESTIVALS, FASTS
PENTATEUCHAL
PORTIONS
nvtriB
PROPHETICAL
PORTIONS
nnoDn
July
Tunmos
2
s
1
New Moon BHn "IT '3
Num.»:l-1B
3
M
2
4
T
3
5
W
4
6
Th
5
7
P
6
8
S
7
Ph2
Num. 22: 2-2B: 0
Micah 5: 6—6: 8
9
s
8
10
M
9
11
T
10
12
W
11
*
13
Th
12
14
F
18
15
S
14
DHJ'B
Num. 26: 10—30: 1
I Kingrs 18:40-19:21
16
s
15
17
M
16
18
19
T
W
17
18
1 Fast of Tammuz
1 nonmcrni/aB'Div
Ex. 82: 11-14; 34: 1-10
j Is. 55: 6—58: 8
J Seph. none
20
Th
19
21
F
20
22
S
21
niDD
Num. 30: 2-32: 43
Jer. 1:1-2:3
23
s
22
24
M
23
25
T
24
26
W
25
27
Th
26
28
29
F
S
27
28
['npi 'aDl /roD
Num. 83 1-36: 13
j Jer.2:4-28;3:4
U6p?i.2:4-28;4:1, 2
30
s
29
pp niB3 DV
35
Digitized by
Google
1916, July 31-
-Aufir.i29] AB 30 DAYS
[3fc< 56*76
OiTil
Konth
Oft{«
Te«k
Jewish
Month
SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS
PENTATEUCHAL
PORTIONS
PROPHETICAL
PORTIONS
nntoBH
July
lb
31
M
1
New Moon KHn ^ir\
Num. 28: 1-16
Aug.
1
T
2
2
W
3
3
Th
4
4
F
5
5
S
6
prn '^ ,Dn3n
Deut. 1:1—3: 22
Is. 1:1-27
6
S
7
7
8
9
10
M
T
W
Th
8
9
10
11
FastofAb* 2K2 nV^n Dl^f
( Deut. 4: 25-40
"i Afternoon:
( Ex.32: 11-14:84:1 10
CMoming:
Jer. 8: 13—9:23
J Afternoon:
1 18.55:6-56:8
Seph. Hos. 14: 2-10
LMfcah 7:18-20
11
F
12
12
S
13
iDm '^ ,pnn«i
Deut. 3:23— 7:11
Is. 40: 1-28
13
S
14
14
15
M
T
15
16
iKi 'iB'r ne^jon
16
W
17
17
Th
18
18
F
19
19
20
S
20
2pr
Deut. 7: 12— 11:25
18.49:14-61:3
s
21
21
M
22
22
T
23
23
W
24
24
Th
25
25
F
26
26
S
27
vm '212] Hn«-i
Deut. 11:26—16:17
Is. 64: 11-55: 6
27
S
28
28
M
29
IDp "^IBD DV
29
T
30
New Moon Jj^nn '11 'K
Num. 28: 1-16
* The Book of Lamentations is read.
16
Digitized by
Google
1916, Aug. so— Sept. 27] ELUL 29 DAYS
6l^K 66-0
OiTil
Month
Day
of the
Jnrlik
lODtll
PENTATEUCHAL
PROPHETICAL
SABBATHS. FESTIVALS, FASTS
PORTIONS
PORTIONS
Veek
nvtriB
nnoBH
Aug,
nm
30
W
1
New Moon* enn 'IT '2
Num. 28: 1-16
31
Th
2
Sept.
1
F
3
2
S
4
O'DBIC
Deut. 16: 18—21: 9
Is. 61: IS-62: 12
3
S
5
4
M
6
5
T
7
6
W
8
7
Th
9
8
F
10
9
10
S
11
Kxno
Deut. XI: 10-J5: 19
Is. 64: 1-10
s
12
11
M
13
12
T
14
13
W
15
14
Th
16
15
F
17
16
S
18
K3no
Deut. 26:1-89: 8
Is. 60
17
S
19
18
M
20
19
T
21
20
W
22
21
Th
23
22
F
24
23
S
25
T^'l .D'3X3
Deut. 29:9-31:30
) Is. 66: 6-66: 8
1 Seph. 61: 10-88:9
24
s
26
Sellhot* Tnn'hD'? D'D»3Bn3
26
M
27
26
T
28
27
W
29
njm B^-i 3i»
* The Sephardim say Selihot duringr the whole month of Elul.
17
Digitized by
Cjoogle
TIME OF SUNRISE AND SUNSt
(Adapted, by permission, from
Lat. 440 North
Lat. 4S9 North
Lat. 40° Nortt
(For Maine, Nova Scotia,
Northern NewYork, Michi-
flran, Wisconsin, Minnesota,
North and South Dakota,
Montana, Washington,
Northern Oregon, North-
em Idaho)
Portland, Me.
(For Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, Vermont, Cen-
tral New York, Southern
(For Southern NeTv
Connecticut, Rhode
Pennsylvania, New
Northern Ohio, Indi
linois. Southern lov
braska. Northern Oc
Utah, Nevada, Calif <
New York City
Chicago, 111.
Day of
Moath
Michigan, Wisconsin,
Northern Iowa, Wyoming,
Southern Idaho, Southern
Oregon)
Boston, Mass.
S3
I
a
5
1
a
5
t3
a
5
•♦a
CQ
1^
II
1
OQ
4a
00
Jan. 1
5.52
7.37
4.31
6.16
5.48
7.30
4.38
6.20
5.46
7.25
4.43
10
6.51
7.86
4.40
6.25
5.48
7.29
4.46
6.28
5.46
7.25
4.51
20
5.47
7.30
4.53
6.35
5.48
7.24
4.58
6.36
5.45
7.19
5.03
Feb. 1
5.89
7.19
5.09
6.49
5.38
7.14
5.14
6.50
5.37
7.10
5.18
10
5.29
7.07
6.22
7.01
5.29
7.04
5.26
6.59
5.29
7.01
5.29
20
5.15
6.52
5.36
7.12
5.17
6.50
5.38
7.12
5.17
6.48
5.40
Mch. 1
5.01
6.H7
6.48
7.24
5.02
6.35
5.50
7.23
5.03*
6.35
5.61
10
4.43
6.21
6.00
7.37
4.48
6.21
6.01
7.34
4.49
6.21
6.01
20
4.26
6.03
6.12
7.49
4.30
6.03
6.12
7.46
4.33
6.04
6.11
Apl. 1
4.00
5.40
6.27
8.07
4.08
6.43
6.26
8.01
4.12
6.45
6.24
10
3.41
5.24
6.39
8.21
3.49
6.27
6.35
8.13
8.54
5.28
6.83
20
8.19
5.07
6.51
8.39
3.29
6.11
6.45
8.28
8.36
5.13
6.43
May I
2.52
4.49
7.05
9.01
8.07
4.54
6.59
8.47
3.16
4.59
6.55
10
2.86
4.37
7.15
9.14
2.53
4.44
7.08
9.02
8.02
4.50
7.04
20
2.16
4.26
7.26
9.37
2.35
4.36
7.18
9.18
2.46
4.39
7.14
Jnne 1
1.55
4.17
7.38
10.00
2.17
4.25
7.29
9.37
2.32
4.81
7.24
10
1.47
4.14
7.44
10.12
2.11
4.22
7.35
9.47
2.27
4.28
7.29
SO
1.44
4.14
7.49
10.18
2.08
4.23
7.39
9.53
2.25
4.29
7.84
July 1
1.55
4.18
7.49
10.10
2.12
4.26
7.40
9.54
2.28
4.31
7.3.5
10
2.12
4.24
7.46
9.58
2.28
4.32
7.38
9.44
2.88
4.87
7.33
20
2.27
4.82
7.89
9.44
2.37
4.40
7.82
9.35
2.50
4.44
7.27
Aug. 1
2.46
4.46
7.26
9.25
2.55
4.52
7.20
9.17
8.06
4.56
7.16
10
8.06
4.57
7.14
9.03
8.12
5.01
7.09
8.59
3.19
5.05
7.06
20
8.23
5.07
6.58
8.41
8.27
5.11
6.55
8.39
3.34
6.15
6.53
Sept 1
8.40
5.22
6.87
8.20
8.44
5.24
6.36
8.16
8.50
5.27
6.33
10
8.55
5.83
6.20
7.59
8.55
5.34
6.21
7.59
4.00
5.36
6.19
20
4.07
6.45
6.01
7.89
4.07
5.44
6.04
7.38
4.12
6.45
6.02
Oct. 1
4.22
6.58
5.41
7.16
4.23
5.56
5.48
7.17
4.25
5.56
5.48
10
4.35
6.09
5.25
6.59
4.38
6.06
6.29
7.00
4.85
6.05
5.81
20
4.45
6.22
6.07
6.43
4.44
6.18
5.13
6.45
4.45
6.15
5.16
Nov. 1
5.00
6.38
4.49
6.28
4.58
6.33
4.55
6.30
4.57
6.29
4.59
10
5.10
6.51
4.88
6.18
6.07
6.44
4.44
6.21
5.09
6.40
4.49
20
5.20
7.04
4.28
6.12
6.18
6.57
4.35
6.14
5.17
6.53
4.89
Dec. 1
5.32
7.17
4.21
6.07
6.29
7.10
4.29
6.09
5.27
7.05
4.84
10
5.39
7.27
4.20
6.08
6.87
7.19
4.28
6.08
5.35
7.14
4.83
20
5.45
7.84
4.23
6.09
5.43
7.26
4.30
6.11
5.41
7.20
4.86
Digitized by
Caoogle
r IN SIX NORTHERN LATITUDES
le Jewish Encyclopedia, VoL XI)
Lat. 880-860 North
fork,
•land,
i Ne-
orado,
aia)
(For District of Columbia,
Delaware, Maryland, Vir-
grinia. West Virginia, South-
em Ohio, Southern Indiana,
Southern Illinois, Northern
Missouri, Kansas, Central
Colorado, Central Utah,
Central Nebraska, Central
CaUfomia)
Washington, D. C.
Norfolk, Va.
Lat. 340-320 North
(For South Carolina, North-
sissippi, Louisiana, Texas,
Southern New Mexico, Ari-
zona, California)
Savannah, Ga.
Charleston, 8. C.
Lat. 800-280 North
(For Florida,Southem Geor-
gia, Alabama, Mississippi,
Louisiana, Texas)
Pensacola, Fla.
New Orleans, La.
4J
a
1
43
gS
II
a
1
a
9
OQ
^1
s
•4a
1
5.22
5.43
7.19
4.49
6.35
5.35
7.03
5.05
6.33
6.30
6.57
6.11
6.88
5.29
5.45
7.19
4.57
6.31
6.87
7.08
5.18
6.39
6.88
6.58
6.18
6.43
5.3»
5.43
7.14
5.08
6.39
6.37
7.01
6.30
6.47
5.83
6.56
6.35
6.61
5.51
5.36
7.06
5.23
6.53
5.81
6.56
6.33
6.67
5.39
6.51
6.37
6.56
r.oo
5.27
6.57
5.31
7.03
5.35
6.48
6.41
7.04
6.33
6.48
6.45
7.05
r.i2
5.16
6.46
5.42
7.11
5.16
6.88
5.60
7.11
5.15
6.86
6.53
7.13
r.23
5.04
6.38
5.53
7.31
5.07
6.38
6.67
7.19
6.07
6.36
6.69
7.19
r.32
4.60
6.20
6.01
7.31
4.55
6.19
6.04
7.36
4.66
6.16
6.05
7.36
r.44
4.85
6.05
6.11
7.41
4.41
6.05
6.11
7.35
4.48
6.06
6.13
7.38
r.56
4.16
5.46
6.33
7.58
4.35
6.49
6.30
7.48
4.39
6.60
6.19
7.89
3.08
3.58
5.31
6.30
8.05
4.13
5.87
6.36
7.50
4.18
5.39
6.34
7.46
5.21
8.40
5.17
6.40
8.16
8.57
6.36
6.38
8.00
4.04
5.39
6.30
7.54
J. 32
8.22
5.02
6.52
8.83
3.48
6.13
6.41
8.11
8.61
6.17
6.37
8.03
8.45
8.08
4.58
7.00
8.45
3.83
5.05
6.48
8.20
8.41
5.11
6.44
8.13
^.00
3.64
4.44'
7.09
9.00
3.23
4.59
6.54
8.31
8.38
5.06
6.50
8.22
9.23
2.41
4.86
7.18
9.18
3.13
4.53
7.01
8.41
8.34
6.00
6.55
8.31
J. 32
2.36
4.84
7.23
9.21
8.11
4.63
7.05
8.47
8.33
4.59
6.59
8.37
».36
2.35
4.84
7.28
9.26
8.10
4.53
7.. 10
8.53
8.33
4.59
7.04
8.40
».37
2.89
4.87
7.19
9.37
3.13
4.66
7.11
8.53
3.25
5.01
7.05
8.41
J.31
3.47
4.48
7.27
9.33
3.19
5.00
7.10
8.51
8.80
5.06
7.03
8.38
J. 21
2.58
4.51
7.31
9.13
3.37
6.06
7.07
8.45
8.88
5.11
7.00
8.88
*.06
3.14
5.00
7.13
8.58
8.39
5.13
6.58
8.88
8.48
6.19
6.58
8.24
5.50
8.26
5.08
7.03
8.44
8.47
6.19
6.49
8.23
8.56
6.34
6.46
8.18
5.33
8.40
5.18
6.49
8.38
8.57
6.36
6.89
8.08
4.04
6.39
6.86
8.00
3.10
8.54
5.29
6.31
8.06
4.08
5.35
6.35
7.53
4.14
6.37
6.28
7.46
r.54
4.01
5.87
6.18
7.51
4.15
6.40
6.14
7.89
4.19
6.43
6.13
7.86
r.36
4.16
5.45
6.03
7.83
4.38
6.47
6.01
7.33
4.37
6.47
6.01
7.22
r.i6
4.27
5.56
5.43
7.13
4.83
6.54
6.46
7.08
4.34
5.63
6.46
7.06
5.58
4.86
6.04
5.31
6.58
4.87
6.00
6.36
6.67
4.89
6.59
6.86
6.55
5.43
4.46
6.14
5.16
6.45
4.45
6.07
6.28
6.45
4.44
6.06
6.35
6.46
5.31
4.57
6.29
5.01
6.31
4.64
6.16
5.11
6.84
4.63
6.14
6.14
6.36
5.21
5.05
6.40
4.53
6.38
5.01
6.35
5.08
6.37
5.00
6.31
6.08
6.30
5.15
5.14
6.58
4.44
6.18
5.09
6.86
4.57
6.38
5.06
6.39
6.01
6.26
5.11
5.25
6.59
4.40
6.18
6.17
6.44
4.55
6.31
5.18
6.38
6.00
6.35
5.11
5.88
7.08
4.38 6.14
5.38
6.51
4.56 1 6.34
6.31
6.46
6.01
6.37
5.14
5.88
7.14
4.40 6.17
5.39 1 6.57 4.58 6.38
6.36
6.53
6.04
6.39
1
Digitized bv
(^00
Qle
?
M
^
^
^
lO
<C
s:
^
s
s s
i
& =^
:
ti
:
8 1
i
o.
:
i ^
•^
GC
o
C
s
•<
•? -<
p
10
^
o»
<o
t*
t-i
»•
CO
o
^ ^
I
c^
rH
8* ti
W O
:
:
5
i|i
'o,
<
2
II
o>
t^
<o
04
S
g^
^
to
J3
S
-* lo
1
■q- ■•
>
4
^
s ^
o>
&
o
o
^
5-
3 ^
•^ •<
t^
to
^
00
a>
c
<0
00
CO
l^ 00
00
94
OS
C4
rH iH
1
& =^
ti
V
«
2 i,
4
ft
5 ^
OQ
O
fi b
P4
<
a -^
I
S
t^
IH
o»
s
S
00
1
t*
s
S4 g
00 O
:
3
-
ft S
:
o
00
s;
o
^
d
o>
00
^
t« 00
00
04
O- •
. 1
i
p4
% ti
»
4
o
a
o
a
9 :3
QQ
o
C
P3
<
^ <
o
lO
©«
CO
CO 00
o
U3
S g
I
W
CO
r- 04
CO
I* =
ti
«
;
i 4
1
"ft
^ t
OG
o
Q b.
s
-«J
s »?
04
_,
«o
t^
•H
^
es
^
t-
rH 04
^
f-f
©»
0^ rl
»-•
CO
I
o»
t
Ml
•a
^ ^
'^
O
'
"
"
"
c
PR
-<
"
S «J
5
o
to
SJ
^
"^
?
s
u»
04
to o
et
fi
s
1
-5
r
:
:
:
I 1 1
1
5
1 -
n
S
i<
< <
!?
00 -<
1
b
S
1
<
i
1
i
1
o
bo
d
l1
1
2
i
i
li
o
o
S
J*
s
c
■I
5
>
1 1
«
a
9»
4>
«!
s
9
e«
S OS
^
Q
^
H
P^
n
0.
eu
cu
&<
b b
Digitized by
Google
a -< s »^
i a
^ s
oT o o o
OQ O ^ 5zi
Q Q »^ fo
.a ^* >»
S ^ S
^ **
525 Q Q
fe J^ a -< S
03
>
Q
GQ
s
OQ O izi ^ Q Q
^ U>
S -«! S »^
o ^ <u
fi »^ fo
04 <^ ^ g3 ^
^ ^- >» S >?
a -< a h, i-j
o o
o Jz;
^ Q Q ►? fci ;^ S
«o w "x»« eo
iH t-l »-l rH
;z; Q Q »^ b
a -«! a ►^
o;z;QCQ»^.^fe
^ - §
-S ^
V V Ci
5 3'::
K W W H
tn'<<'<^^m(n
B
< w
21
Digitized by
Google
^
O
o
00
»^
00
to
*n
to
ua
CO
91
t>. 1
&4
C4
lH
lH
IH
r-i
lH
fH
IH
r-t
1H
i ^
O.
ti
>
s
e
4
1
^
'H.
^
S
>?
bo
3
IH
GQ
o
$<Ci
ft
o
►?
b
:^
<«5
S
^
•^
-<
O
o
00
s
00
Ob
t-
s
h-
to
to
s
M
ij
o
w
Vi
1
1
i
1
8
i
1
43
<
if
s
1
^
-<
§
o
s
00
CO
00
oo
t-
to
t*
00
to
to
•^
">*
O)
rH
/— V
•s
1 S
^
o
^
^
4>
S
JO
0)
■8
ja
a
c
g
3
0
s
OQ
O
525
{z;
Q
Q
•^
fe
a
S
<
S
»^
►^3
<
-M
il
^
SS
§
S
§
s
r-t
ty
to
lO
J3
?3
GQ
i
t
52;
1
.a
i
<
if
s
3
>>
'3
bo
3
ii
ea
o
lH
o
r-l
o»
S
^
00
t^
to
10
<j
04
1
oi
W
o
i
i
g
s
S
4
1
•g
o.
&
c
3
^
^
C
525
525
Q
Q
Q
*^
b
s
•<
s
•^
»5
*«!
<j
>
N
H
S
rH
rH
?3
IH
o>
00
OS
©
00
00
to
to
^
«o
1
>
o
1
0)
c
5
3
bo
5
n
s
o
S3
3
^
^
ss
g
^
S
o»
00
»^
to
r-l
<«j
^ ^
a
^
ti
o
o
525
s
Q
S
Q
4
1
1
1
^
S
S
^
3
bo
3
>*
2
1
m
lO
CO
04
CO
iH
iH
lH
d
lH
o
g
00
h-
to
CQ
O IH
1
i
1
1
e
43
1
4
'a
<
^
^
0)
c
3
H<
^
T3 ^^
o»^ 2
g
s
1
3
1
8
^
s
1
§^
§
^
g
s
^
3
f-i
r^
g'
^
i
^
r^
r4
i
c
J
^
J
r4
^
^
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
•a
o
3
i
3
.0
"s
H
n
»
M
M
H
£
<
-<
-<
JZi
GQ
H
-<
H
22
Digitized by
Google
a>
d
o
«
GQ
H
w
Q
I
«o
Ci
00
t*
00
»>•
OO
to
iO
iO
fO
■^
©4
04
lH
o
M
O
>
1
1
i
43
O
4
1
1
'i
CO
>»
CO
i J^
QQ
1
OS
00
IH
1
fa
-g
'3.
<
r-t
9)
a
?3
4
iH
P
<
5674
1913—14
N
rH
^
^
o
CO
g^
§^
^
s
04
s
S
1
}2i
'
5zi
4
i
-g
'3.
*«5
^
a
4>
C
^
^
5
eo ^
s
ca
s
S
S
a
00
OS
s
00
00
«o
to
^
CO
fH
1
ti
O
1"
•g
fa
i
•8
'3.
1
bfi
1
s|
s^
?5
r-l
04
^
s
ss
s
OS
OS
rH
3
rH
s
S
">*
CQ
1
i
>
c3
1
•g
1
^
^
1
S
-<
rj
■<*
M
©«
lH
o
^
O
OS
00
t^
CO
^
M
CO
CO
CO
04
OJ
©4
©«
1
1
1
s
Q
c
•-9
1
1
S
^
^
►?
o
<o
<o
"X»«
CO
»-i
o
04
o
o
00
00
tt
ua
o 7
rH
rH
rH
rH
rH
rH
g J
1
s
i
1
4
1
•8
•g
1
0)
1
9
8
S
s
^
^
^
s
^
S
^
S
04
s
s
00
§ s
n,
^
>
>
»
o
c
,d
^
.
>.
?J
.^
t«
U
o
o
<u
nt
0*
Ck
P
fH
OQ
O
'A
;<!;
Q
Q
»?
fa
S
<
s
►^
•-»
^
1 ^
a»
o»
t*
«D
">*
eo
CO
">*
04
©J
SS
§
s
§5
CO
1
1
•g
•g
■a
<
1
►?
'a
bfi
$.■9
E
s
1
a
1
S
^
S
1
g
^
s
g
§
g
§
rH
'"'
S
•^
§
'^
r-t
•^
^
r-l
lH
iH
•^
'■'
IH
1
s
as
0)
1
>
1
1
1
1
OQ
at
to
>
3
s
,o
'3
H
K
n
w
M
H
CQ
-<1
-<
<
»
OQ
H
-«!
H
23
Digitized by
Googk
PALESTINE AND ADJACENT
I JUDBA
1 Abu Djudje
2 En-Gannim
8 Artuf
4 Ben Shamen
6 Bir Adas
6 Bir Jacob I
7 Dilb
8 Djemama
9 Ekron
10 Hulda
11 Kafruria
12 Kastinieh
13 Katra
14 Mikweh Israel
15 Moza
16 Petah Tikwah
17 Rehobot
18 Rishon le-Zion
19 Wady
el-Hanin
20 Jehudieh
II Samaria
21 Athlit
22 Hederah
23 Hefzi-bah
24 Kaf r Saba
25 Kerkur-Bedus
26 Zichron Jacob
27 Tantura
m Galileb
28 EnZeitun
29 Bedjen
30 Hattin
31 Temma
32 Einneret
33 MUhamieh
34 Merhawiah
36 Mesha
36 Metullah
37 Medjdel
38 Mishmar
ha-Yarden
39 Mizpah
40 Poriah
41 Roah-Pinnah
42 Sedjera
43 Yesod
ha-Maalah
IV Trans- j
JORDANIA '
44 Bene Jehudah
45 Daganiah
46 Mataba
THE JEWISH COLONIES OF PALESTINE
24
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS
IN PALESTINE
BY
HENRIETTA SZOLD
Digitized by
Google
CONTENTS
PAGE
Introduction 27
The Population : Elements and Size 31
The Rural Development: First Period of Colonization
(1882-1899) 37
The Rural Development: Second Period of Ck)L0NizATioN
(1900-1914) 48
The Rural Development: Life in the Jewish Villages 84
The Urban Development 98
The Cultural Development 123
A Land of Possibilities 139
Conclusion: Palestine and the United States 149
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PEOGRESS IN PALESTINE
INTRODUCTION
Educational Development — Agricultural Development — Zionism.
During the long epoch since the destruction of the Second
Temple in 70 C. E., Israel has not wearied of avowing, in
poem and prayer, his love for the Holy Land. The imagery
of his passion he perforce had to borrow from the sacred
writers who had been privileged to live in the adored land.
But the feeling of the " exile " was none the less real, and as
often as could be he translated it into acts. That edict after
edict was issued by whilom masters forbidding Jews to set
foot on the beloved soil, was not a deterrent to one who cher-
ished Palestine as the home of eternal verities, and believed
that breathing its air made men wise. It seems — the infor-
mation we have is too fragmentary to permit of an unqualified
statement — that there never was a period in which some Jews
did not brave danger in order to satisfy the yearning of their
soul for the land of the fathers. Now and again propitious
circumstances assembled them in fairly compact bodies in
Jerusalem, Hebron, and elsewhere. In the fifteenth century
we are even told of an agricultural settlement of sixty Jewish
families near Gaza. In brief, Jehudah Halevi, the French
and English rabbis of the thirteenth century, and Nahmanides,
were the exemplars anticipated and imitated by their humbler
coreligionists in all the countries and centuries of the exile.
After Nahmanides, the attraction exercised by the land of
Digitized by
Google
28 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
^* spiritual opportunities '* became more and more irresistible.
Travelers relate that in all parts there could be met groups
of Jewish residents, both Sefardim and Ashkenazim, some
among them artisans, a few tradesmen, most of them recluse
religionists. The expulsion from Spain brought considerable
additions, and since then the growth has been steady, though
it did not become large until after 1882.
It is only within the past sixty years, however, that the
Jewish residents of Palestine have become an organic part
of the land. The purpose of the following pages is to trace
the lines of their material and spiritual progress during this
period.
Three events, occurring at intervals of about twenty years,
typify the development of the Palestinian Jewish community
during the last two generations approximately.
The first is the opening of a school on modern lines in
Jerusalem. At the suggestion of the poet Ludwig August
Prankl, Elise von Herz-Lamel, of Vienna, founded it, in 1866,
in memory of her father. The object of excommunications
on the part of the ultra-pious, it nevertheless was the fore-
runner of a still-lengthening series of educational institutions
created by lovers of the Holy Land, chiefly through the agency
of such organizations as the Alliance Israelite TJniverselle, the
Chovevei Zion, and the Hilfsverein der deutschen Juden. The
system includes everything from the Kindergarten to the
Gymnasium, and, over and above the primary, secondary, and
collegiate schools, an arts and crafts institute, agricultural
colleges, industrial and technical classes, a commercial school,
two conservatories of music, and courses for Kindergarten
teachers, elementary teachers, and Eabbis. These flourish side
by side with long-established and recently-established Hedarim,
Digitized by
Google
•RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 29
Talmud Torahs, and Yeshibot. For a complete system of
education on the Occidental pattern there is lacking only a
University, and towards establishing a University the first
steps have already been taken.
The second epochal event is the founding, in 1878, of an
agricidtural settlement at Petah Tikwah in Judea, by Jews
from Jerusalem. The attempt to draw the Jewish city-
dwellers to rural homes and occupations proved abortive. It
remained for the pogrom years 1881-1882 to provide indomit-
able pioneers in the persons of refugees from Eussia. They
founded Eishon le-Zion in the same region, and resumed the
settlement of Petah Tikwah, now become the most populous
of the forty or more Jewish villages and estates in Palestine.
At practically the same time the idea of Palestine coloniza-
tion was advanced by Boumanian Jews, who established
Zichron Jacob in Samaria, and Eosh Pinnah and Yesod ha-
Maalah followed quickly in Galilee. These were the first-
fruits of the " love of Zion ^' (Hibbat Zion) movement. In
one form the agitation for colonizing Palestine had been
begun as early as 1860 by Eabbi Hirsh Kalisher, the same
who had induced the Alliance Israelite Universelle, through
Charles Netter, to found the Agricultural School Mikweh
Israel, in 1870. In the " eighties,'* when Jews everywhere
were aroused by the events in Eussia to the need of adopting
broad measures of relief, the idea became more articidate.
Palestine colonizing societies sprang up in Europe and Amer-
ica: the Bnei Zion of Eussia and England, the Kadimah of
Vienna, the Ezra of Berlin, the Shov6 Zion of the United
States. In Eussia alone there were at least fifteen societies,
the most important in Odessa, Bielistock, Warsaw, Vilna,
Digitized by
Google
30 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Pinsk, and Moscow. At the notable Conference at Kattowitz,
in 1884, they were consolidated into the Montefiore Federa-
tion, and in 1887 into the Chovevei Zion; finally, in 1890,
after nine years of feverish activity, the movement was legiti-
mized by the Russian Government, under the name The Com-
mittee for the Promotion of Agriculture and Handicrafts
among the Jews of Syria and Palestine, with its seat in
Odessa, whence it has been called briefly the Odessa Com-
mittee.
The third event was the organization of the Zionist move-
ment at the International Congress of Jews called by Theodor
Herzl, in Basle, in 1897. The platform of the movement,
providing for the creation of "a publicly-recognized and
legally-assured home for the Jewish people in Palestine,^' is
the precisest formulation and the most inclusive of the " love
of Zion '* idea. Five years later the Russian Chovevei Zion
societies, or the Odessa Committee, as they were then called,
accepted it unreservedly. Zionism aims at making the devel-
opment of the Holy Land the concern of the whole of the
Diaspora. And as in the Dispersion it desires to enlist the
united forces of an organized world Jewry, so in Palestine its
sphere is Jewish life in the whole. Its impetus does not
flow through educational and agricultural channels alone.
It consciously seeks to affect and shape trade in Palestine,
industry, finance, scientific investigations, general cultural
enterprises, in a word, the complete social organization of
the Jewish population in the Holy Land to the point at which
it becomes economically independent of the Jews ^^ outside of
the land,^* of their alms, and gifts, and tribute, and of their
planning and action in its behalf.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 31
THE POPULATION
ELEMENTS AND SIZE
Old and New Settlement— The Exiles from Spain— Sefardic Ele-
ments— Ottomanization — Population of Palestine — ^Languages
— Growth of Jewish Population — Recent Inmiigration — Emi-
gration.
The development here outlined proceeded, at the beginning
and for many years after the beginning, on the assumption
that the historical Jewish sentiment for the Holy Land was
not only a powerf id asset, but an actual and suflBcient basis for
an organized solution of the Jewish problem. Yet there is a
difference between the aroma, as it were, of the sentiment as
manifested by the New Settlement, the descriptive name as-
sumed by the immigrants since 1882, and that of the Old
Settlement, composed of those who come to the Holy Land
for purely religious reasons, to devote themselves to study and
prayer and to live a life wholly Jewish in practice and thought.
They come ** back '* to the Holy Land, which is Palestine ; the
new immigrants come to Palestine, which is the Holy Land.
The latter likewise aspire to complete Jewish living and think-
ing, only they wish to express themselves Jewishly not only in
study and prayer, but also in work and play. The Old Settle-
ment looks upon itself as the religious " representative '* of
the secular Jewish world outside. The New Settlement strives
to build up a self-sufficient Palestinian Jewish community.
In evaluating the New Palestine, all the elements composing
the two Settlements are equally important.
The first large influx of Jews to be reckoned with in modem
Hfe came when Sultan Bajazet II opened the doors of Turkey
hospitably to the Jews driven from Spain in 1492 and from
Portugal a few years later. By the beginning of the sixteenth
century communities of Sef ardim, with Ashkenazic accessions.
Digitized by
Google
32 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
were established in Jerusalem, Hebron, Tiberias, and especially
Safed, the gathering-place of mystics and scholars. In 1800
the descendants of the exiles, together with the so-called
"Arab^^ Jews, the descendants of Jews that never left the
East, are said to have numbered 3000 in thte land. Not until
the middle of the eighteenth century were they joined by
considerable permanent groups of the Ashkenazic division.
The newer settlers hailed chiefly from Poland and Southern
Eussia. They belonged largely to the sect of the Hasidim, and
they gravitated for a century towards the Galilean centers,
Safed and Tiberias, made famous by Cabalists and saints.
Since about the middle of the last century the immigrants
from Eastern and Central Europe have been spreading over
the whole country, first to the towns and from 1882 on to the
rural districts. This brings us up to the date of the New
Settlement. During the last generation immigrants in in-
creasing numbers have been coming from Eussia, Bulgaria,
Austria (Galicia, Bukowina, Transylvania), Hungary, Eou-
mania, Germany, Holland, and the United States. They have
swelled the Ashkenazic section until it is said to have reached
now 85,000 out of the 100,000 Jews estimated to live in Pales-
tine. But not by any means may the New Settlement claim all
the late-comers. Some of them must be counted as belonging
to the Old Settlement.
The Sefardic community has not been left unaugmented.
The additions from Oriental countries during the last three-
quarters of a century are, indeed, not Sefardim in the strict
sense of the term, but as they approximate the Spanish-
Portuguese in liturgy and ritual, the convenient classification
may be applied not only to the North African Maghrebim,
from Morocco, Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli, but also to the
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 33
"Arab" Jews; to the Jews from Persia (the Adjami) ; to
the Jews from Bokhara, Mesopotamia, and the Syrian cities
Aleppo and Urfa (the latter called the Urfali) ; to those
from Transcaucasian Daghestan and Georgia (the Gurdji or
Gnisinians) ; and to the Yemenites from the Arabian Penin-
sula. Most of these groups foregather in Jerusalem. With
the earlier Sefardim they number there 13,200 it is estimated,
though some authorities double this number. If we accept the
former estimate, and the estimate of 85,000 Ashkenazic Jews,
we are forced to the supposition that only 1800 Sefardim live
outside of Jerusalem, in Jaffa, Hebron, Tiberias, and Saf ed.
The Sefardic section has occupied a distinctive place in the
economy of Jewish life in Palestine, by reason of the Ottoman
citizenship of its members. Many of the sons of the early
Eussian and Eoumanian colonists have also become Otto-
mans, but among the immigrant Jews in the first generation
there have been comparatively few willing to exchange the
protection of the consuls of their European Governments for
the jurisdiction of the Sublime Porte. What will be the
attitude towards Turkish naturalization now that the system
of Capitulations fias been abrogated and the European consuls
have no larger rights than in other countries, cannot even be
conjectured during the disorder of war times. That a number
of Jews refused the liberal terms of the Ottoman Grovernment
when Turkey became a belligerent, and preferred to remain
Eussian, French, and English subjects, though their choice
involved the hardship of leaving the country, proves nothing
regarding the attitude of those who expect to make Palestine
their permanent home. Some of them, for instance, had taken
up their domicile in Palestine only in order to give their
children the opportimity of an education, denied to them by
Digitized by
Google
34 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Eussia, and naturally they were not prepared for the sudden
and radical change of plans involved in a change of citizenship.
The picture of the Jewish population requires the frame of
the general population. There are the descendants of the
Arabs that penetrated into Palestine in the seventh century
and mixed with the Syrians, the older inhabitants of the
country. Among them are about 105,000 Christians of various
churches in th6 districts with which we are concerned. The
Bedouins of the steppes, sparsely scattered through the coun-
try, are the pure Arabs, and the Fellaheen, less pure, are the
peasant stock. These two divisions are Moslems. Besides,
there are Circassians and Kurds, few in number, imported by
Sultan Abdul Hamid; a few thousand Druses in Upper Galilee ;
Turks, mostly belonging to the official class; 2500 Suabian
Germans, the Templars who settled in Palestine during the
decade from 1870 to 1880, and are living in prosperous colo-
nies near Jerusalem, Jaffa, and Haifa; European Christians,
the representatives of the religious establishments founded by
the French, the Eussians, the Germans, the English, the
Americans, the Italians, and the Greeks; and the representa-
tives of Oriental and African Churches, the Armenians, the
Copts, and the Abyssinians — ^and more European and Eastern
sects besides.
Corresponding to this assortment of nationalities is the
variety of languages spoken. One hears Arabic, Armenian,
French, Turkish, German, Greek, Eussian, Italian, and Eng-
lish. Arabic is the vernacular of the country ; Turkish is used
by the official class; French is still the lingua franca, and
German has advanced to an important place latterly. The
Jews, speaking any and all of them when occasion demands,
have three more of their own: the Hebrew, rising steadily
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 35
year by year to the rank of the Jewish vernacular; the Yiddish
brought into the country by the East European immigrants,
and imderstood and spoken now by some Sef ardim and Arabs ;
and the Ladino, or Spagniol, testifying, like the Yiddish, to
the tenacious loyalty of the Jew. As the Yiddish is the Middle
High German carried into Poland and mixed with Hebrew and
Slavic elements, so the Ladino is the Castilian of the fifteenth
century, which the Sefardic exiles brought with them from
Spain and developed for daily life by the addition of Hebrew
and Arabic or Turkish elements.
The size and growth of the Jewish population cannot be
left unnoted. Ezra Stiles, on the authority of Eabbi Isaac
Hayyim Karigal, reports the number of Jewish families in the
Holy Land in 1773 to be 1000. Recent figures must be
quoted with as much reserve as KarigaFs. " It is said,^^ '^ it
is estimated,** ^^approximately,** must be prefixed to all, to
indicate that they rest almost wholly on conjecture. This by
way of caution in using tables like the following, though so
reputable an authority as Mr. Davis Trietsch vouches for
the statement that there were in Palestine
10,000 Jews in 1840
25,000 " " 1880
43,000 " " 1890
60,000 " " 1900
95,000 " " 1910
To show once for all how the guesses of the experts differ,
it may be worth while to quote Doctor Euppin*s figures too.
He places the nximber in 1880 at 35,000, and maintains that
in 1910 it had risen only to 86,000. By a general consensus of
opinion, 100,000 has been adopted as the present (1914) popu-
lation.
Digitized by
Google
36 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Of his 95,000 Mr. Trietsch assigns 82,150 to twelve towns,
as against 202,700 Moslems and 95,000 Christians in the
thirty towns of the region we are concerned with, the region
in which Jews live. This leaves approximately 13,000 Jews
for the rural settlements as against about 290,000 of the
general population in the open country in the same region.
In 1914 it was assumed that the rural Jewish population
approximated 15,000.
These figures may be regarded as coming sufficiently close
to the truth to warrant making the general inference that
Jewish immigration into Palestine is growing at a fairly rapid
pace, a fact that gains in importance when it is remembered
that the general population, especially the Arabic portion, has
shown a tendency to be stationary. The percentage of increase
in thirty years for the general population has been 40 ; for the
Jews, 280. In 1880 the Jews formed 5^ of the whole popula-
tion of about 500,000, and in 1910, 13,6^ of the whole popula-
tion of 700,000.
The two streams of immigrants of present importance flow
from the Yemen, in southwestern Arabia, and from Eastern
Europe, the latter through the ports of Odessa for Eussia,
Constanza for Eoumania, and Trieste for Galicia. We have
approximate figures for the Yemen, and somewhat more defi-
nite data regarding Odessa. Both streams began to flow copi-
ously Palestineward in the same year, 1882; both had their
source in persecution; and both are largely feeders of the
New Settlement.
The early refugees from the Yemen settled in Jerusalem,
where there is now a community of about 3000. Since 1908,
according to a plan developed and applied by the Workmen's
Union of Jaffa (Ha-Poel ha-Za'ir), arriving Yemenites have
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 37
been directed to the colonies Eishon le-Zion, Eehobot, Petah
Tikwah, Hederah, Yemma, and others. It is reckoned that
during 1911-1912 there arrived 2000 of them, and during 1913
they came at the rate of 120 a month.
The figures for Odessa are complete only for those persons
who applied to the Information Bureau of the Odessa Com-
mittee. In the six years 1905 to 1910 there passed through to
Palestine 12,965 persons, of whom about 30^ were under 30
years of age. A little less than half intended to settle in
Jerusalem and Hebron; 4814 in Jaffa, and 1646 in the
colonies; 2041 went thither to end their days in the Holy
Land; 297 were taken or sent thither for their schooling.
Even these scanty statistics ought in fairness to be offset
by figures showing the emigration. But there 'are not enough
data to make even guessing profitable. Only the general
statement may be hazarded, that during the last few years,
since Turkey has adopted a constitution, which imposes mili-
tary duty upon all classes of the population alike, emigration
has increased considerably, especially among the younger men.
THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT
FIRST PERIOD OF JEWISH COLONIZATION
1882-1899
Jews in Agriculture up to 1882 — The First Agriculturists— Baron
de Rothschild — Chovevei Zion or Odessa Committee — Other
Colonizing Forces — Independent Colonies — ^Recapitulation
1882-1899— Mishmar ha-Yarden-Hederah-Ekron— Criticism
of System Adopted — ^Rishon le-Zion: Vine Plantations —
Administrators.
The New Settlement was wholly rural in character at the
beginning. There was little Jewish experience to guide it. In
Eussia there had been over seventy-five years of farming in
Jewish colonies, but they were wholly under Government
Digitized by
Google
38 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
tutelage. The experiments in the United States were simul-
taneous with the Palestinian. Argentine and Cyprus came
later. Only in Hungary there had long been isolated Jewish
farmers on soil of their own.
As for Palestine itself, besides the Gaza settlement in the
fifteenth century, Don Joseph Nasi must be recorded and his
endeavor, in the middle of the sixteenth century, to introduce
mulberry plantations for the benefit of the Jews of Tiberias.
In the Arab village of Pekiin there are Sefardic Jews who are
engaged in rural pursuits, as their ancestors are said to have
been for four hundred years in the same spot. During the
nineteenth century three attempts at colonization preceded
the Eussian-Eoumanian movement. Sir Moses Montefiore,
after consultation with a few Jewish owners of farms in
Palestine, tried, in 1854, to settle a group of thirty-five Safed
Jews in Galilee. The Kalisher agitation drew Jerusalem
Jews to Moza in 1873 and to Petah Tikwah in 1878. The
first attempt ended before it was begun, the other two almost
as soon as begun. This is the whole tale of the Jew in agri-
culture in Palestine up to 1882.
The Eussian and Eoumanian groups of settlers had as little
preparation for their pioneer task as Montefiore's or Kalisher's.
They were as a rule not agriculturists. Of conditions in
Palestine, its climate, the soil, the land laws, the language,
they knew as little as of ploughing and planting and harvesting.
Very few had any capital to start with. Many, about ninety
of them, were young students, members of the groups called
Bilu (from the initials of the four Hebrew words of the phrase
in Is. 2 : 5 : '^ 0 house of Jacob, come ye, let us walk ").
If the colonists did not succumb, it was because their
enthusiasm went a long way towards neutralizing hardships
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 39
and the most grievous disappointments. The Bilus had to
keep the wolf from the door by working as day-laborers for a
pittance at the Mikweh Israel Agricultural School of the Alli-
ance Israelite Universelle. Some of them did not even shrink
from hiring themselves out as farm help to the Arabs in the
neighboring villages.
In spite of the grim determination of the colonists, an
appeal for help had to be sent to Eussia before long. Thence
it was carried to Baron Edmond de Eothschild by a delegation
from among the colonists, and he promptly came to the rescue
of Eishon le-Zion with money as well as with agricultural in-
structors. From that moment until this day he has been to the
colonists a very present help, the chief of the " lovers of Zion,^^
in devotion to the cause rivaling the organized Chovevei Zion
and the colonists themselves. Not only was he ready to put
means, men, and what he thought expert advice at the disposal
of the Eussian and Eoumanian refugees in Palestine, for the
undertakings which they started and failed to carry through,
but infected by their zeal he became himsdf a colonizer.
Ekron in Judea, which he called Mazkeret Bathia in honor
of his mother, and MetuUah in remote Upper Galilee were
his own foundations. In the course of the seventeen years
we are now considering he supported not only these his own
colonies, but at one time or another, if not all the time,
Eishon le-Zion and Petah Tikwah in Judea, Hederah and
Zichron Jacob in Samaria, and Eosh Pinnah and Yesod ha-
Maalah in Upper Galilee. Year after year he made land pur-
chases, some to enlarge the area of the colonies under his
protection, while others, on both sides of the Jordan, have
constituted independent domains.
Digitized by
Google
40 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Nothing daunted by Eishon le-Zion^s distress, there were
willing hands to undertake the resettlement of Petah Tikwah
and the founding of Yesod ha-Maalah the very next year, in
1883. Before another twelvemonth had passed, they too
turned to Europe for help. At that time the various coloniza-
tion groups, the Eussian and the Eoumanian, were to hold
their first joint conference at Kattowitz. The Convention
at once appropriated a sum for building houses and stables in
these two colonies, for buying implements, digging wells, main-
taining the colonists imtil harvest time, and securing the
title to their land. Besides it was decided to send five young
men to Zichron Jacob to study agriculture under the Eoths-
child manager there. All this was a severe drain upon the
treasury of the young Federation formed at Kattowitz. Never-
theless, and in spite of the hard-luck stories from the pioneers,
a resolution was adopted to make land purchases with a view
to more extensive colonization. But the vanguard in Palestine
apparently did not wait for the encouraging action of the
Conference. At the very moment perhaps when it was taken
in Europe, a new colony was born in Palestine, the Bilu settle-
ment Katra (Gederah), for which the Federation bought
70,000 vines. In the year following the Kattowitz Conference,
$24,000 was expended on Palestine colonization, and $60,000
by the end of 1889. During that period and thereafter, the
Odessa Committee, as, it will be remembered, the Federation
was called after 1890, stayed and supported Petah Tikwah,
Katra, and Wady el-Hanin in Judea; Hederah in Samaria,
into which alone it sank another $18,600 in eight experimen-
tal years; and Yesod ha-Maalah and Mishmar ha-Yarden in
Galilee. And yet, as though not to be outdone by " the well-
known philanthropist,^^ it became a colonizer on its own
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 41
account. In the year 1896, when Baron de Eothschild planted
MetuUah to the north, it bought from him Kastinieh to the
south, on which he had intended to settle Bessarabian farmers.
They had failed him. Instead the Odessa Committee brought
to it workingmen dismissed from .the plantations in Eehobbt.
The place was renamed Ber Tobiah, and $60,000 was lavished
on a venture that has earned fairly satisfying returns, though
the colony remains small in numbers and area.
Baron de Eothschild and the Odessa Committee were in
time joined by other colonizing forces. The B^nai B^rith lodge
of Jerusalem took up lands at Moza, on the Jaflfa road close to
the city, that had been bought by some of Kalisher^s supporters
for a few Jerusalem families as far back as 1873. Without
wholly abandoning it, they had never wholly developed it.
Indeed the tiny colony can even now not be called a developed
enterprise, though its experiences have a place of their own in
the history of Palestine Jewish colonization. It is no mean
distinction either that it offers an excursion ground beloved
by the children of Jerusalem.
One of the most important events of the period under con-
sideration was the completion of the Jaffa-Jerusalem Eail-
road in 1892. In studying the progress of the colonies in
Judea it is a circumstance that must constantly be taken into
account, though it is not the large factor it will become when
the projected extension to Gaza and thence to Port Said
is completed. Off the route subsequently taken by this rail-
road, closer to Jerusalem than to Jaffa, the English Mission
had bought Artuf, in 1883, in execution of plans with regard
to the Eussian and Roumanian refugees. Needless to say, the
Mission failed of its purpose. Jews from Bulgaria took the
land off the Mission^s hands, but they succeeded no better
Digitized by
Google
42 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
with colonization than their predecessors with conversion.
They struggled bravely, and the colony kept its head above
water until the helper came. Of recent years suflScient private
capital has been invested to enlarge its acreage to the point of
productivity.
Little Bene Jehudah, a Transjordanic settlement on the
eastern shore of the Sea of Tiberias, established in 1886 by
Jews from Safed and Tiberias, has not been so fortunate.
Three families only have survived the fierce struggle, and
they still raise grain on their 800 acres of land, a Jewish
outpost at the edge of Bedouin territory. Help has been
granted to them now and again, but never in suflRcient measure
to be eflfectual.
There remains only one more colony to be mentioned
specifically, the large colony of Rehobot in the Jaflfa group. It
belongs in a class by itself. Throughout its interesting history,
beginning in 1890, it has been self-reliant and independent
and successful besides.
Let us picture the disposition of the Jewish colonies in
the land in 1899: A cluster of them was suspended as it
were from Jaflfa in a southern direction — Eishon le-Zion, Wady
el-Hanin, Eehobot, Ekron, Katra, and Kastinieh, the last
and remotest hardly more than twenty miles away from
the port city. Eastward, on the way from Jaflfa to Jeru-
salem, now dotted with Jewish possessions, lay only Artuf ,
except Moza huddled close to Jerusalem. Northward Petah
Tikwah, in Judea, together with the Samarian settlements
Kafr Saba, Hederah, Zichron Jacob, and Athlit, linked Jaflfa
with Haifa. Isolated from all these, separated from them
by the Carmel range, was a group of six in Galilee, Yesod
ha-Maalah, Mishmar ha-Yarden, Eosh Pinnah, and En-Zeitun
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 43
near the Waters of Merom, and the two lone outposts. Bene
Jehudah eastward on the Sea of Tiberias, and Metullah north-
ward.
Since then Jewish settlement has advanced as far south-
ward as Djemama, twenty-six miles beyond Kastinieh, and
negotiations are said to be pending for large domains still
further off, in the Bl-Arish region. But the northern limit of
Jewish colonization has not yet been exceeded. That may be
due to Metullah^s peculiar trials. The neighbors of the settlers,
workingmen like those of Kastinieh, were the Druses of the
Lebanon district, who disputed Baron de Eothschild's title
to the land, though he paid for it twice over. They were not
gracious neighbors, to say the least, and besides Metullah was
exposed constantly to the incursions of roving Bedouin tribes,
more numerous here than in the southern Jewish district.
That is not the whole tale of its trials. Again resembling
its southern companion colony Kastinieh, Metullah confines
itself to a single crop, cereals. It has neither vineyards nor
orange plantations. In Palestine it is reckoned that for suc-
cess with grain each family ought to have from sixty to
seventy-five acres. Metullah and Kastinieh both fall short
of the average. In the north the attempt was made to adjust
the disproportion between population and space by transfer-
ring, in 1899, fifteen of MetuUah's sixty families to other
colonies. The expedient had the disadvantage of weakening
an exposed outpost.
The history of the colonies so far as given above awakens
two feelings : admiration for the zeal of the Odessa Committee,
of Baron de Eothschild, and of the pioneer and martyr colo-
nists ; and doubt whether the system pursued was not threaten-
Digitized by
Google
44 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
ing Palestine with a rural pauperization easily comparable
with that caused by the Halukkah in the " holy cities."
The doubt ought not to be allowed to harden into a convic-
tion without a fair consideration of the diflSculties in the way
of adapting the European settler to an Asiatic environment,
and at the same time transforming into a peasant the city-bred
Jew, who has been an inbred city-dweller for generations.
The fortunes of the colonists of Mishmar ha-Yarden are
an epitome of the conditions encountered by all. Twenty-four
men, all penniless, most of them having been workingmen
for several years in the earlier colonies, secured a small
piece of land on the Jordan, where it issues from the Sea of
Merom. They acquired it on credit, and erected a few houses
with borrowed money. As a writer puts it, the colony was
^^a knife without a blade that has no handle,'* and all that
was necessary to insure the conditions for success, another
says, was that someone be found to pay for the land and the
houses, install th^ water works, provide the means for building
more houses, for buying live stock, seeds, and implements, and
for preparing the soil, not to mention the ready cash for the
maintenance of the colonists until their farms yielded suflBcient
produce.
If Mishmar ha-Yarden illustrates the general inadequacy of
the means available for the colonization work, Hederah dwells
in the mind of the Palestinian Jews as the symbol of misery,
sacrifice, and grief. Its story is told by two mute witnesses,
the cemetery at the not distant Zichron Jacob and the somber
groves of eucalyptus trees that shroud the beautifully situated
colony on the Mediterranean dunes with spectral charm under
the moonlit and star-studded sky of Syria. The whole terri-
tory acquired by the inexperienced colonists was a marsh, due
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 45
to the choking up of a near-by streamlet with the encroaching
sand from the sea. Malaria carried o£E the larger part of the
colonists in a few years. There was no change in the appalling
situation until the colony was helped by Baron de Eothschild
to plant 400,000 of the rapid-growing eucalyptus trees, Charles
Netter^s happy importation from Australia, which had already
done effective service in drying out the noisome soil of Petah
Tikwah, where a similar condition had existed. It is not a little
significant of the character of the Jewish contribution to
modem Palestine development that in Arabic parlance the
eucalyptus is the *^ Jew^s tree.'^
The story of Ekron has additional points of interest : Baron
de Eothschild brought eleven families from Lithuania and
seven from Roumania, the first Palestinian colonists equipped
with a knowledge of agriculture. It was due partly to their
religious fidelity that Ekron nevertheless succeeded no better
than the other colonies. In the fifth year of its existence oc-
curred the Shemittah, the Sabbatical year. The observance
of the Biblical law of the Seventh Year of Eelease crippled the
farmers in Ekron as well as in other colonies. But that they
did not retrieve their f ortrmes had another reason. The Eoths-
child ^* administrator,*^ to use the Palestinian term, changed
the crop from grain to fruit. Without investigating condi-
tions thoroughly, he supposed that the former required more
area than the colony had had allotted to it. The Eussian
farmers had however imderstood the cultivation of grain, and
of plantations they knew nothing.
Though the administrator was mistaken in the case of
Ekron, it happens that these two points, the crop and in-
sufficient land, were of the utmost importance. They explain
why Baron de Eothschild's generosity did not compensate for
Digitized by
Google
46 AMEJRICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
the colonists' initial poverty. Almost everywhere the mistake
was made of adopting a single crop. That caused absolute
destitution in the years unfavorable to that crop whatever it
might be. Besides, it meant lack of employment for man and
beast during a considerable part of the year, and therefore was
not economical. And when the only crop was vines, as in
practically all the colonies under the Eothschild administra-
tion, a bountiful vintage was almost as disastrous as blight
and dearth.
Eishon le-Zion was the most notable victim of the question-
able policy. Ten men, augmented soon to seventeen, bought
758 acres of land. The cost of installation was excessive,
because water had to be brought from a distance, and the
soil was not adapted to grain, with which the colonists
started out. Baron de Eothschild, it will be recalled,
saved the colony. He increased its landed possessions to 1894
acres, and a large part was planted with a million native vines,
which, when it appeared that the Arab wines had small value
in the market, were grafted with French varieties, sauterne,
malaga, and muscatel. Wine-cellars were built, with the most
modem appliances and with a capacity of 50,000 hectoliters
(1,320,000 gallons). Except that the wine-cellars were of
more moderate proportions, the same course was adopted at
Zichron Jacob and Eosh Pinnah, and, encouraged by the assur-
ance that the " administration '^ would buy whatever was pro-
duced, Wady el-Hanin, Eehobot, Katra, and Hederah, though
not under the Eothschild regime, followed their example. The
production turned out enormous, as much as a million and
a half gallons a year. In the meantime no measures had
been taken to assure sales abroad. The country itself has a
small rate of consumption due to the Moslem religious prohibi-
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 47
tion of wine. Capacious as the cellars were, they were filled
literally to overflowing, and the wine had to be sold by the
managers for whatever price could be secured. What could
be got, would not have sufficed to support the wine-growers,
and Baron de Eothschild felt constrained to continue to buy
the produce and to pay a living price, no matter what the
market rates might be. The price fixed upon was $2.60 a
hectoliter (26.4 gallons). Millions were thus poured into
the colonies — ^with the result that private initiative was
paralyzed, and a grave situation created that called for heroic
remedies.
It is futile to debate whether this baneful disregard of
economic health was due to Baron de Eothschild's devotion to
a pet scheme or to his , administrators^ lack of agronofaic
experience and business ability. In these respects tliey seem
to have rivaled the colonists themselves. On the whole per-
haps the plight of the colonists is attributable to inexperi-
ence. As Hederah and Petah Tikwah prove, no one realized
the need of guarding against unsanitary surroundings in
securing land for a new group; and all the colonies prove
that no one troubled to investigate the land laws, which are
peculiarly intricate in Turkey. Confusion worse confounded
was the consequence, not to mention the bitterness of the
colonists, who often thought they had been betrayed in the
house of their friends. On groimds not unconvincing the
colonists did not consider the Rothschild administrators their
well-wishers or the well-wishers of the Jewish movement,
which was the breath of their nostrils. The taxes were oppres-
sive to boot, sparing not even fruit-trees, and what they did
not consume, was exposed to depredation in a country inade-
quately policed.
Digitized by
Google
48 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Beyond these, reasons need not be multiplied for the asser-
tion that in 1899 all but the ever-optimistic Jew would have
been discouraged by the outlook.
THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT
SECOND PERIOD OF JEWISH COLONIZATION
^ 1900-1914
Ahad Ha-Am's Criticism — ^Baron de Rothschild and the ICA —
Reorganization of Wine Production — ^Wine-Growers S/ndicate
— Destruction of Vineyards — Carmel Society — Criticism of
ICA Policy — Effect of the; Crisis — Cereals and Plantations —
Petah Tikwah: Orange Plantations — Pardess — Guaranteed
Loans — Anglo-Palestine Bank: Co-operative Associations —
National Fund — ^Long-Term Credits — ^Education of Farmers:
Preparation of Land — Labor Problem — The ICA Educa-
tional Work — Sedjera— Other Lower Galilean Colonies — ^Reho-
bot: Menuhah we-Nahalah — Arab Labor — ^Housing Problem —
Workingmen's Suburbs — Co-operative Workingmen's Associa-
tions— Merhawiah — ^Land Development Companies — Geulah —
Agudat Netaim — Palestine Land Development Company — ^Ha-
Ahuzah — Zlon Commonwealth — Settlement and Occupancy —
Kewuzot-Kibbush — Reafforestation — Industrial Settlement and
Farm School — Mlkweh Israel — Agricultural College at Petah
Tikwah — Girls' Farm School, Kinneret — ^Agricultural Train-
ing in the Village Schools — Stipends in California — Jewish
Agricultural Experiment Station — Land Cultivated by Jews.
These strictures are not the wisdom of hindsight. Criticism
along the same lines was heard in all interested circles after
the first few years of colonization. As early as 1891, Ahad
Ha- Am (Asher Ginzberg), the noted Hebrew writer, one of
the leading spirits of the Odessa Committee, went to Palestine
to see with his own eyes what there was to be seen. On his
return he urged the adoption of two principles : The centrali-
zation of all purchases of land as well as of the whole coloniza-
tion work ; and a change from the rather commercialized wine-
growing system to the cultivation of grain in connection with
cattle-raising and poultry-keeping.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 49
The demand for centralization anticipated a condition that
arose that very year, a year of expulsions in Russia. A large
number of colonization groups had formed themselves. Each
sent its own representative to Palestine to buy land. There
ensued unworthy competition, speculation in land, and deplor-
able manifestations of other sorts. One result was the Turk-
ish Government's prohibition against Eussian Jewish immi-
gration and the renewal of the prohibition against selling
land to Eussian Jews.
Ahad Ha-Am's second journey to Palestine, in 1893, pro-
duced two guiding principles for the action of the Odessa Com-
mittee: No step to be taken in Palestine without the open
approval of the Turkish Government; and no aid to be given
to colonists in the shape of money — ^all assistance to take the
form of implements, and even this to be accorded as sparingly
as possible.
Finally, his third investigation, in 1899, in which he was
aided by a trained agronomist, yielded the advice : Introduce
diversified crops; engage adepts to study the land laws; avoid
giving assistance to individuals — it blights the will and
paralyzes the power of initiative.
It is not necessary to assume that Ahad Ha-Am's findings
influenced Baron de Bothschild. He must have been made
aware in many other ways of the maladministration of his
unmeasured gifts. It is also reasonable to suppose that he
was discouraged by fifteen years of what then seemed incon-
sequential experimenting, though later developments show
the early period to have been a profitable time of seed-sowing.
At all events. Baron de Rothschild saw fit to transfer all his
interests in the Palestine colonies, together, it is said, with a
goodly sum for their reconstruction, to the Jewish Coloniza-
Digitized by
Google
50 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
tion Association (ICA), the Baron Maurice de Hirsch Founda-
tion. But this business arrangement has made no change in
Baron de Bothschild^s personal interest in Palestine. It con-
tinues unabated to the present time.
The work of reorganizing the Rothschild colonies was begun
forthwith. First of all it was announced that the inflated
prices paid for wines would have to be reduced by half at
least. The effect on the colonists may be imagined. They
had become accustomed to the pleasant security of the un-
wavering price promised to them whatever the fluctuations of
the market might be. In good years the seven wine-growing
colonies had produced over a million and a half gallons, for
which $172,500 had been paid by the Rothschild " administra-
tion.^^ In future the income was to be variable and at best
half as large. The paramount task thus became the creation
of a real instead of a fictitious market for their chief, in many
instances their only, product, and until genuine sales could
be negotiated, the most urgent measure was a reduction of
the output.
The problem was solved, naturally not without a good deal
of painful bloodletting, by the ICA in co-operation with the
wine-growers that had been sending their grapes to the cellars.
The latter formed a syndicate of 352 members, giving pro-
portional representation to Rishon le-Zion, Rehobot, Zichron
Jacob, Katra, Petah Tikwah, and Wady el-Hanin. This com-
pany took over the management of the wine-cellars, which it
leased for a nominal rent. It was to pay in easy installments
for the wine stored in the cellars and reimburse Baron de
Rothschild for the outstanding claims. In addition it received
as a gift a reserve fund of $320,000, from which current deficits
were to be covered for five years.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 51
To reduce the output, many vineyards had to be sacriiBced.
About thirty per cent of the acreage in vines in all the wine-
growing colonies was cleared. The colonists received a bonus
for the uprooted plants out of the reserve fund, with the under-
standing that the cleared area be used for other plantations.
In Rishon le-Zion it amoimted to $18,400. In this way the
production was reduced by nearly three-fifths of the former
maximum. As it happens, the phylloxera aided the cutting-
down process, though in some places the infected French
vines were replaced by American plants. The expenses of the
administration of the wine-cellars were rigidly cut down, and
the agencies established in Egypt and in European countries
were reorganized. In a few years the syndicate, whose oflScial
name is Societe co-operative vigneronne des grandes caves de
Eischon le-Zion et Zichron Jacob, secured for its members a
bona fide price of $1.60 a hectoliter. To this 75 cents per
hectoliter was added from the reserve fund to make up for the
shortage in the receipts. Now the production was again
allowed to rise, and in 1911-1912 it had reached nearly
1,100,000 gallons as compared with 900,000 in 1910, and
650,000 at the time of lowest production. The whole output
was disposed of in 1911, over 350,000 gallons being sold in
Egypt, 300,000 in the rest of the Orient, and the balance,
about 400,000, in Switzerland, France, Russia, Germany,
America, and Galicia. In the same year the co-operative
society was able to pay to Baron de Rothschild the sum of
$90,000 as the first installment of its debt, and in 1912-1913,
the vintage handled by the company had a value of at least
$200,000. Another indication of a wise business policy is the
fact that besides wines and cognacs the growers turned their
attention to by-products, like cream of tartar, and in the wake
Digitized by
Google
52 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
of the more independent attitude has come an opener mind
for new industries, such as the cultivation of grapes for table
uses, either as fresh grapes or as raisins, for both of which
Egypt offers an almost never-failing market.
A large part of the success achieved by the co-operative
society must be attributed to the company that acts as its
selling agent, the Carmel, with branches in Russia, the United
States, Turkey and Egypt, Germany, England, and Prance.
In a word, the co-operative society is a remarkably vigorous
expression of the self-reliant spirit that pervades the recent
colonization period in contrast with the former.
It should be mentioned that on the scientific side the radical
procedure of the ICA has not received unqualified endorse-
ment. There are experts that hold Baron de Rothschild^s un-
trained instinct to have been the surer guide. Palestine, they
maintain, is primarily adapted for vine plantations. If it was
a mistaken policy from the economic point of view to con-
centrate upon them too intensively at the outset, it was a head-
long policy to uproot what had been planted. A betterment
might have been effected in other ways. Against which the
economists hold up the difficulties inherent in the situation
over and above those of competition with the wines of other
countries. There is first the circumstance that home consump-
tion is bound to be small in a Moslem country. Then there is
the problem of transportation from the colonies to the port
of Jaffa. This the co-operative society has already tackled.
It has put the sum of $21,600 at the disposal of Eehobot for
constructing a wagon-road to Rishon le-Zion, and $8000 at
the disposal of the latter for a similar road to connect it
with the Jaffa-Jerusalem Railroad, together making about
9J miles of highway, the two colonies to undertake to keep
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 63
their respective roads in repair once they are built. Incident-
ally it may be said that road-making for wagon travel is a
cultural value created in Palestine almost exclusively by the
Jew.
The third disadvantage connected with wine-growing is the
high tax imposed upon the product, 15ji^ on the wine plus the
regular tithe (osher) on the grapes. In one year the co-
operative society paid $27,000 in imposts to the Government.
The friends of Turkey are confident that she will continue
the modernization of her fiscal system already begxm, and then
the force of this third objection against wine-growing will be
lessened.
The ICA^s precaution of paying a bonus did not avert either
a moral or a material crisis. The change from the philan-
thropic to the business basis, coupled with a reversal of the
agricultural policy, was a surgical operation bound to leave
a scar. A number of the Rothschild proteges could not recon-
cile themselves to the new order. Ill-feeling developed, and
here and there old bonds had to be ruptured. Only in the
course of the years has the temper changed. Few can be found
to-day to deny that, whatever may be thought of the incident,
the altered outlook has been salutary.
Eegulating the wine production was only one half of the
ICA's work of reconstruction in the old Eothschild colonies.
The denuded lands had to be replanted. The experts sug-
gested orange and almond plantations, fruits for which a
market existed, and grain cultivation, which carries with it
the breeding of cattle and incidentally the production of man-
ure. But all the proposals presented difficulties in the execu-
tion. Wheat, barley, sesame, and other grains call for soil of
a specific kind. Where the colony did not own land adapted
Digitized by
Google
64 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
to them, such had to be bought. Cattle needs fodder, and
the colonists had to be taught its production and care. Plants
to be used as fertilizers ought to be cultivated to supplement
the animal manure. That, too, was a new undertaking for
the colonists. As for orange-growing, it cannot be done with-
out irrigation and motor service. Moreover new fruit planta-
tions do not yield at once. An orange-tree bears at the end
of three years, but a full crop only in the seventh. Almond-
trees bring forth copiously in their fifth year, the installation
required is cheaper than with oranges, and the fruit is not so
perishable. For olive-trees the unproductive period ranges
from five to twelve years according to the method of propaga-
tion, but they have compensating advantages : their fruit has
many uses and by-products ; while the other plantations must
be renewed at comparatively short intervals, an olive-tree is
known to bear for longer than a century ; and it can be planted
in all sorts of soil — when one sees it clinging to rocky preci-
pices, one is inclined to believe that it can grow where there
is no soil at all.
Land, power, and time, all are the equivalents of money,
and the colonists had none. The bonus paid for the extermi-
nated vines supplied it in small part. Where it did not meet
the situation, the ICA was prepared to advance money as a
guaranteed loan, to individual colonists and to groups. In
this way Eishon le-Zion came to be an orange, almond, and
olive, as well as a wine-producing colony. Eosh Pinnah gave
up wine altogether, and devoted itself to almonds, grain, and
cattle. Zichron Jacob, with its daughter settlements, Shefeya,
Bat Shelomoh, Marah, Herbet Mendjie, and Bourdj, raises
grain, vegetables, cattle, wine, almonds, and olives, and at
Nesly near-by the ICA itself has a remarkable orange-grove.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 55
In Ekron there was a complete return to grain, for which the
farm and the farmers were best adapted, while Katra on ac-
count of its soil stuck to vineyards, and only added almonds
in order not to be dependent wholly on one sort of crop.
Lately it has planted 714 acres in grain.
The checkered history of Petah Tikwah illustrates important
points in the development of the Palestine colonies that are
pertinent here. It will be recalled th'at it was started by some
Jews from Jerusalem in 1878. They bought 692 acres of land
to the north of Jaffa in an Arab village. Their neighbors
proved troublesome and dangerous. Almost at once they were
forced to the expedient of buying the whole village, increasing
their possessions to 2466 acres. The sale of the parcels of land
to others proceeded slowly, and the proximity of the Audje
Eiver, with its marshy banks, caused disease, particularly
malaria. A remnant of the little group moved to Jehudieh,
less than two miles distant. Meantime members of the Rus-
sian colonization societies bought land from the original owners
in Petah Tikwah proper, only to experience the same dangers
and difficulties. They struggled along until 1887, when Baron
de Rothschild acquired a large part, nearly half, of the lands of
the colony, settled twenty-eight workingmen and their families
on his property, and so reinforced the remnant (#the Jeru-
salem and Russian settlers. The cultivation of grain was
abandoned largely for grapes in 1891, and about eighty Jewish
workingmen from the outside and from among the least
prosperous of the colonists were employed in the vineyards.
It was made obligatory upon the Rothschild settlers to plant a
certain number of eucalyptus trees as a measure against
malaria, and the sandy parts of the land were given up to
plantations, chiefly oranges, requiring irrigation. The first
Digitized by
Google
56 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
orange-grove was planted by the Eothsehild administration in
1892. Two years later this example was followed by settlers
with sufficient capital of their own. The fortunes of the colony
were thus decided. It has been developing steadily since then,
with only a slight set-back at the time of the wine crisis. On
account of the varied crops in Petah Tikwah, the transition
from the one stage to the next was attended with less painful
readjustments than elsewhere, and in the increasing popula-
tion the " Eothsehild colonists *^ imparted less of their philan-
thropic character to the settlement. Petah Tikwah in a word
was approximately normal.
The orange plantations flourished and multiplied. The
whole garden city is now encircled by them. In 1912 the
acreage in oranges was 1198, compared with 1202 in almonds,
250 in wine, 122 in olives, 23 in other fruit trees (apricots,
peaches, etc.), and 41 in eucalyptus trees, the whole extent of
the colony being 6417 acres. The eucalyptus timber is be-
ginning to be used as building material, for fuel, and especially
for props in the plantations, which until recently had to be
imported. To some extent the colonists are destroying the
trees, because they are no longer needed for sanitary reasons,
or because other and more eflScacious measures against malaria
have been iltroduced. The colony indulges in experiments, too.
There is an ostrich farm, the rose geranium is cultivated for
the aromatic oil it contains, attention is given to rubber and
bamboo and bananas as possible crops, and the experience
gained in planting cotton there and elsewhere is being utilized
now by the Tiberias Land and Plantation Company, which in
1910 acquired about 1100 acres at Medjdel on the Sea of
Tiberias, largely for the purpose of testing the value of Egypt^s
product for Palestine.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 57
To return to the orange production of Petah Tikwah: In
1911 its yield was 122,156 boxes of about 150 oranges each, as
compared with 168,088 for all Jewish plantations in Palestine.
The most recent figures for the whole of Palestine, Arab,
Jewish, and German, are 1,553,000 boxes, one-third of which
come from Jewish plantations. This should be compared with
the 448,000 boxes in 1903. The whole output has been taken
hitherto by Liverpool, Trieste, Odessa, Hamburg, and Aus-
tralia, the thick skin of thie seedless Jaffa, or Shamuti, orange
making transportation to distant points feasible.
As Eishon le-Zion became the center of the wine-trade, not
only by reason of its vineyards, but equally on account of the
business organization that regulates production and distribu-
tion, so Petah Tikwah owes some of its prosperity to the Par-
dess, the union of Jewish orange-grove owners, which concerns
itself with the exportation of the orange crop. The ICA, own-
ing considerable orange plantations in Petah Tikwah, was one
of the founders. In the early days the Jewish orange-growers
were wholly dependent on the Arab dealers in Jaffa, who
monopolized the foreign trade. The Jewish growers were
thus not in a position to shape the trade conditions, the
camel transportation to the port, the shipments, and the sales.
Through co-operation the Jewish growers established their own
sales-agencies abroad, secured control over shipping facilities
and wharf privileges, and so lessened the expenses and in-
creased the profits of the growers considerably. Latterly a
second such organization, the Union, has been formed. The
inspection of the fruit and its packing for the foreign markets
have improved under the co-operative system, and a favorable
development along these lines may be expected.
Digitized by
Google
58 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
A comprehensive idea of Petah Tikwah's standing may be
gained from the fact that in 1912 it paid taxes to the State to
the amount of $13^002^ and taxed itself for its internal affairs
in the sum of $16,793.
The activity of the ICA in granting guaranteed loans intro-
duces a subject of fundamental importance. It does not
require colonization work in Palestine to prove the need of
long-term credits for an agrarian population. It is a com-
monplace of financial economy. The unique feature in Pales-
tine was the confusion introduced into the whole idea of credit
through the Eothschild system, imitated in a measure by the
Odessa Committee, of dispensing charity in the guise of per-
petual loans. Beneficent as the ICA methods were in their
impersonal business character, the real education of the people
in monetary relations was begun only in 1903, when the
Zionist Organization, through its financial instrument, the
Jewish Colonial Trust, Ltd., established, at Jaffa, a subsidiary
institution, the Anglo-Palestine Co., Ltd., for all sorts of
banking business. In the course of twelve years branches
have been opened in Jerusalem, Haifa, Beirut, Safed, Tiberias,
and Hebron. It has at present a working capital of $500,000,
a sum not large enough to meet the needs of a farming popu-
lation. Happily expedients have been found to increase the
usefulness of the bank in its peculiar Palestinian environ-
ment.
Almost at once the Anglo-Palestine Bank began to exert a
salutary influence. It distributed leaflets in the colonies treat-
ing of the value of self-help in the form of co-operative, asso-
ciations. The propaganda took immediate effect in Petah
Tikwah, where, in 1904, two co-operative or mutual loan asso-
ciations were founded. In 1912 the number of such societies.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 59
including those which sprang up in the cities as well as the
colonies, had grown to 45, with 1833 members, working with
a capital of $21,000 (of which the Odessa Committee contri-
buted $10,000), and having a debt of $186,813 (of which
$99,500 is owing to the Anglo-Palestine Company) . The loans
run from $2 to $600. In addition to mutual loan associations,
there are in the colonies co-operative societies for the purchase
of fodder. The Anglo-Palestine Company has been endeavor-
ing to stimulate the f oimding of co-operative stores, in which it
has succeeded to some extent, and of co-operative societies for
the sale of natural products on the model of the Wine-Growers
Association and the Pardess. There also exist co-operative
building associations, of which something will be said when the
subject of urban development is reached.
At the opening of the bank, only short-term credits lay
within its plan. In spite of the peculiar complications in-
herent in the Turkish law governing mortgages and the owner-
ship and sale of land, it has since adopted a system of well-
guaranteed long-term credits, so grave a need in house-building
and in developing plantations.
The second financial instnmaent of the Zionist organization
has come to the aid of the bank in its self-help campaign. The
Jewish National Fund was founded in 1901, with the purpose
— still its primary purpose — of purchasing land in Palestine
as the inalienable possession of the Jewish people. Once a foot
of land is acquired by the Fund, it cannot be sold — ^good
Jewish doctrine according to Leviticus 25 : 23 : " The land
shall not be sold in perpetuity ; for the land is Mine.** It may
only be leased, though as an hereditary leasehold, the rent
not to exceed 3^ of the value of the land if used for agricul-
tural purposes, and 4:^ if used for building purposes. This
Digitized by
Google
60 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
system naturally requires revaluations of the land from time
to time. Its aglvantages are that land speculation is cut off,
the intending settler is saved the cost of the land, and can use
in immediately productive ways such capital as he may have.
As the Fund is intended to benefit the people at large, so it
has flowed from the people, through various channels of self-
taxation. The collections of the first year and a half yielded
$98,000; those of 1913, ten years later, $200,000. Its assets
(June, 1914) amount to about $1,018,000, of which, according
to its statutes, one-fourth must constitute a reserve fimd.
The purpose of the National Fund, if executed as at first con-
ceived, to the exclusion of all else, would have been nullified by
a provision of the Turkish law, whereby land left unworked for
three years reverts as a rule to the State. The volume and the
character of Jewish immigration to Palestine were not yet
such as to secure large possessions against reversion. The
National Fund policy therefore had to be modified, from the
vantage point of a generation's experience with Jewish coloni-
zation. In turn, the modification required by the Ottoman
law furthered one of the objects of the Zionist movement, viz.,
to organize and regulate the emigration of Jews who desire to
settle in Palestine. This calls for a program on which a place
must be given to all the problems affecting the Jewish settler
on the land.
Accordingly, pending the creation of an agrarian bank, it
fell easily within the scope of the National Fund to help the
solution of the long-term credit question. Out of its various
investments in Palestine, amounting to $687,004, it has made
a loan deposit of $63,904 with the Anglo-Palestine Bank for
house-building credits, and one of $28,227 for agrarian credits.
In pursuance of the same policy, it has advanced $53,866 to
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISGH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 61
the Palestine Land Development Company, and $9000 to the
Odessa Committee for objects to be described further on.
The credit situation is not an isolated problem in Palestine
colonization. As implied above, the occupation of land ac-
quired is imperative. Again, the early colonization period
taught as its chief lesson that the Jewish forces coming to
Palestine require severe training to fit them for the pioneer
work to be done. By way of compensation, the history of
Eehobot, which has not yet been told here, proves that the
fine spirit of devotion animating the untrained forces need
not be left unutilized. If they cannot be prepared to grapple
with the diflBculties of the situation, then the land can be
prepared so as to minimize the difficulties. The education
of the human material looks to the creation of a farmer or
peasant class ; the amelioration of the land, largely to the crea-
tion of a rural settler class.
There remains one more problem, and that perhaps the most
complex. Prom the start there had been in rural Palestine a
specific and varied Jewish labor problem. The Arab laborer
with his low standard of living was far cheaper than the Jewish
laborer ; he lived near-by, and could be had in season, and in-
continently dismissed out of season, a manifest advantage on
plantations and on farms with a single crop; and above
all his housing preisented no perplexities. This explains why
of the many thousands of Jewish young men who went to
Palestine with high hopes of independence, only about 1500
(with their families 4000) are left. And it explains partly why
so large a proportion of the early settlers of Zichron Jacob,
Bishon le-Zion, and Petah Tikwah, did not become the genuine
peasants needed at the foimdation of a normal life. Between
Digitized by
Google
62 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
cheap Arab labor and philanthropic pampering the sturdiest of
them reached only the stage of the gentleman farmer.
To these three questions — credit giving, the education of the
farmer, and the labor situation — ^the ICA, the Odessa Com-
mittee, and the Zionist Organization addressed themselves in
whole or in part, and various societies were formed to deal with
their several specific phases.
First as to the ICA^s contribution : During the early coloni-
zation period Baron de Eothschild had made large purchases of
land in Lower Galilee, which had been leased to Arabs to pre-
vent reversion to the State. The ICA increased these posses-
sions until the tracts in Jewish hands in the Tiberias region
amounted to 25,000 acres. In 1898, even before the ICA
assumed the management of the Eothschild properties, it
established a farm at Sed jera, at the foot of Mount Tabor. An
administration building was erected with barracks, stables, and
outhouses; Jewish workingmen were employed, and under
expert supervision wheat and barley were planted, cattle was
bred, and poultry raised, special attention being given to the
important and hitherto largely neglected subject of manures
and other fertilizers. The Arabs of the adjacent village were
called upon to instruct the Jewish laborers, among whom there
were a few women.
Two years later the colony of Sedjera was laid out, in parcels
of about seventy acres, in closest proximity to the farm of the
same name. The land was leased mainly to the workers trained
at the farm. The rent was paid in kind, 20j^ of the gross
produce. A lessee who demonstrated his qualifications could in
the course of a few years expect to make a definitive agreement
with the ICA whereby the capital represented by the farm,
bearing interest at 2^, was to be paid off in 61 years. The
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 63
investments, including the cost of the land, the house and the
stable, the implements, the cattle and the horses, and mainte-
nance nntil the first crops were harvested, varied from $2200 to
$3680. In front of each house was a patch of groimd for
vegetables, from which the colonists supplied their own table
and occasionally drew a small revenue. Supplementary re-
ceipts also came from tobacco, potatoes, and small olive planta-
tions. The most valuable feature was the stress laid on cattle-
raising from the point of view of manure for the fields and
of dairy products for use at home and for sale in the town of
Tiberias. The colony, like others, suiSfered through the
diseases attacking the cattle. The practical result will be, on
the one hand, the organization of a cattle insurance system,
and on the other, measures for enforcing a sort of quarantine
against the cattle of the Arab neighbors.
During the next two years Mesha, Yemma, and Milhamieh
were established in the same way, in the Tiberias region, and
in the period 1904 to 1908 followed Bedjen, Kinneret, and
Mizpah. In all these little centers the workingmen trained
at Sedjera proved better colonizing material than the early
settlers, of whom some had been brought to Lower Galilee
from older colonies suffering, like MetuUah, from scarcity of
land. The ICA is prepared, however, to welcome to these
colonies settlers from the outside, provided they are equipped
with some knowledge of farming, and have a capital of at
least $1000. To such it sells parcels of land, improved or
unimproved, on easy terms.
In outline this is the ICA's credit and educational system.
The history of Eehobot affords an illuminating introduction
to the enterprises of the Odessa Committee and the KTational
Fund that were also designed to meet the situation character-
8
Digitized by
Google
64 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
ized above. In 1890 various groups of Jews bought a strip of
territory to the south of Eishon le-Zion. The largest of the
groups consisted of fifty-five persons, members of a Warsaw
colonization society, Menuhah we-Nahalah. For a time the
land was managed jointly, and only after the plantations of
vines and almond-trees had begun to bear,- those of the owners
who were actually in Palestine took full possession of their
allotments. Eehobot suffered from the wine crisis like the rest.
But its recovery has been thoroughgoing, and at present it
ranks high among the prosperous colonies. In none have there
been so many Jewish workingmen employed from first to last.
Three hundred were there at the start, and provision was made
for them in barracks, where they dwelt and messed together.
By 1896 it is said several thousand workingmen had come and
gone. The grafting and other such work were finished in the
plantations, and the high-priced, intelligent labor of the Jew
could be dispensed with. Wages were lowered, the barracks
became uninhabitable through neglect, and the mess was
abolished. At the same time, foodstuffs had risen in price
through conditions not affecting Arab labor. It was impossible
for the Jews to stay on. They furnished the colonists for
Kastinieh and other places.
The two points to be noted here are the cultivation of the
land before the owners took it over definitely, and the relation
of the Jewish workingman to the planter on the one side and
the Arab laborer on the other.
In the colonies of Eishon le-Zion, Petah Tikwah, Katra,
Zichron Jacob, and Eehobot, there are upwards of five thousand
Arab laborers. Some of these actually live in the Jewish
villages, which largely depend upon the Arab markets for milk,
eggs, vegetables, and garden produce, The situ^txpu is not
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 65
healthy on social and economic grounds. Yet it is not rea-
sonable to suppose that the planters are going to seek labor
in the dearest instead of the cheapest market.
In the earlier colonization period, the solution resorted to,
so far as the Jewish laborers per se were concerned, was to
settle workingmen's colonies, like Kastinieh and MetuUah,
though with the fairly certain prospect that new difficulties
were bound to result from insufficient land and capital. In
the second period it was discerned that a fundamental trouble
was the housing question. If Jewish laborers could be provided
with dwellings within already established colonies, an ap-
proximate equalization would be brought about between the
Arab laborer and the Jewish workingman. And if, moreover,
his house could be surrounded with a garden plot from the
cultivation of which he and especially his wife would eke
out the current wage with the sale of market produce, a con-
siderable improvement would be effected.
The providing of dwellings became a burning problem with
the advent of the Yemenites. It will be recalled that two
thousand of them arrived in Palestine in two years, and were
diverted from the cities to the colonies. Industrious and
frugal, speaking both Arabic and Hebrew, their wives ready to
replace the Arab women in domestic service, the Yemenites
were recognized especially by the plantation colonies as valu-
able accessions, worth making an effort for. And what they
needed was houses — they cried constantly, " Battim, battim/'
It is natural, then, that the Odessa Committee, the Ezra of
Berlin, and the National Fund should have turned their atten-
tion to workingmen's dwellings, with the result that various
expedients have been adopted. Where the arriving Yemenites
were exposed to the iuclemency of the weather, and haste was
Digitized by
Google
66 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
more imperative than permanence, or where nnmarried work-
ingmen needed accommodations, the National Fund erected
barracks. The Ezra, which calls itself a Society for the
Support of Jews Pursuing Agriculture in Palestine and Syria,
put up small family houses, five in Eehobot and ten in
Hederah, to which the National Fund has added five in
Eohobot, five in Petah Tikwah, three in Rishon le-Zion, and
two in Wady el-Hanin. The barracks for immarried men
on the National Fund farms and in Hederah and Petah
Tikwah have bedrooms for three occupants, a kitchen, a
dining-room, and a little library. For Yemenites in par-
ticular the National Fund built five houses at Yemma, five
at Wady el-Hanin, and three in Eehobot, in the last place in
addition to the twelve put up by the colony itself for its
Yemenite workers. Besides, the National Fund founded two
little Yemenite settlements, one of twenty houses, called
Nahliel, on the outskirts of Hederah, and one of thirty
houses, called Mahaneh Jehudah, near Petah Tikwah. The
Yemenites are favorable to settlements of their own; they
afford them the opportunity for a community life with their
own religious coloring. The houses, no matter by whom built,
have more or less of a plot of ground attached to them for
vegetable gardening on a small scale. The National Fund has
erected in all fifty-eight houses and thirteen barracks, inth the
moneys of its specific Workingmen^s Homes Fund (Arbeiter-
heimstattenfond) and of special funds donated to it by indi-
viduals.
The Odessa Committee has developed the idea of working-
men^s homes in another direction. It has established three
workingmen^s settlements, one accessible from Petah Tikwah,
and two accessible, though not easily so, from Eishon le-Zion,
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 67
These workingmen^s settlements are not to be confused with
the workingmen^s colonies of the previous period, like Kas-
tinieh and Metullah. They are intended for settlements in
which the day-laborers employed in the colony proper may
establish an attractive home for less than is possible in the
colony itself, in which land prices are high. The houses are
surrounded by considerable ground for garden purposes. The
terms of payment are easy, and the proximity to the large
colony is an advantage in respect to schools and other com-
munal institutions.
The Odessa Committee was, it seems, wholly successful in
executing its idea in En-Gannim, about fifteen minutes* walk
from Petah Tikwah, where all the settlers are sure of finding
employment. It promises to be equally successful with its
newest (1913) venture, of a slightly different character, at
Nahalat Jehudah near Eishon le-Zion. Provision is there to
be made for three sorts of settlers : farmers who desire to sup-
port themselves by intensive farming on a plot of less than
two acres after the pattern of a California project; working-
men employed in the wine-cellars, who want a house and
garden ; and Yemenites for whom the National Fund will care
in its usual way.
But two similar undertakings, one at Bir Jacob, a little
removed from Eishon le-Zion, the other at Kiifr Saba, still
further removed from Petah Tikwah, the first fathered by the
Odessa Committee, the second by the Ezra, are less likely
to bring about the intended result. Both are too far from the
main colony for the settlers to depend upon it for daily em-
ployment, except the twelve in Kaf r Saba to whom it has been
guaranteed. Besides, the history of the persons in the settle-
ments points to their being incipient planters rather than
Digitized by
Google
68 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
workingmen in the real sense of the word. The development
here approximates the spirit in the earlier period, except that
the credit given is a genuine loan, and not a benefaction in the
guise of a loan.
The privileges of these " suburban ^^ settlements are offered
on the basis of long-term loans at low rates of interest and
repayments in small installments, with specially favorable
arrangements for the Yemenites, whose houses are constructed
on the simplest plan, and as a rule are built on National Fund
properties. The improvements can be acquired by them, but
not the land on which they stand. In En-Gannim the plot was
secured by the Odessa Committee from the Geulah, a land
company organized as early as 1902 by Eussian Jews.
The movement for workingmen^s houses in all forms dates
only from 1908. In so far as generalizations may be based on
so short a period, it may be asserted that the repayments on the
loans are satisfactory, the Yemenites having won an especially
good record for promptitude.
This Odessa and Ezra method of establishing workingmen's
suburbs is limited in application. It addresses itself only
to workingmen with families, specifically such as have some
capital, or at all events a reasonable assurance of a steady
livelihood, and it does not go beyond the housing question as
such. It leaves out of account all the other phases of the
workingman's problem in Palestine. The National Fund
goes a step further in developing conditions favorable to a
sturdy, self-reliant immigration. Having provided barracks
for the unmarried recent immigrant, come to seek, if not his
fortune, certainly his happiness in the Holy Land, it realizes
that, once such immigrants are secured to Palestine, they
should see before them the possibility of rising in the economic
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 69
scale as rural settlers and of establishing a family. With a
view to this, the National Fund has recently adopted the expe-
dient of leasing to co-operative workingmen^s associations its
estates at Merhawiah, Daganiah, and Kinneret in the north,
Hulda and Ben Shamen on the Jaffa-Jerusalem road, .Kas-
tinieh in the south, and Gan Shemuel, the orange and etrogim
grove planted in memory of Eabbi Mohilewer, near Hederah.
Latterly the ICA farm at Sedjera has also been given over to
such a co-operative association.
The estate of Merhawiah just mentioned cannot be dismissed
summarily. It is the scene of an interesting experiment —
events may prove it to be one of capital importance. The estate
of eight hundred acres lies in the Valley of Jezreel, famous
for its luscious fertility and as the battleground of the hosts
of Assyria and Egypt. Soon Merhawiah (Aful^) will be a
prominent station on the Haifa-Nablus-Jerusalem Eailroad,
nearing completion. The National Fund leased 682 acres of
this estate to the Erez Israel Colonization Association, a co-
operative settlement company, which, in turn, ih pursuance
of its aim, settled upon it, in 1911, a co-operative workingmen^s
association of eighteen members. Besides the members of the
association, there are seventeen others employed on the estate
by the month, who have the privilege of becoming members,
and as a rule the number of employees is fifty, in season rising
to seventy. Until recently the work, which is grain farming,
vegetable gardening, cattle-raising, and dairying, with partic-
ular attention to fodder and animal and green manure, was
under the supervision of a professional agronomist employed
under its regulations by the Erez Israel Colonization Associa-
tion, the co-operative settlement company that is the credit or
loan-giving body. In July, 1914, the executive committee
Digitized by
Google
70 AMiailCAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
of the Erez Israel Colonizatioii Association transferred the
administration of the estate to a commission selected from
among the members of the workingmen's co-operative associa-
tion, the interpretation of which is that the technical education
of the farmers had progressed favorably beyond the need of
constant tutelage. The commission has the privilege, however,
of referring agricultural problems to the inspector of the
Jewish National Fund. The plan of the workingmen^s co-
operative association is Dr. Franz Oppenheimer's, the noted
authority on economics. It includes a progressive sharing of
the profits between the co-operative settlement company and
the co-operative workingmen^s association. When the profit
reaches 4^ of the investment, the estate passes into the hands
of the workingmen^s co-operative association, the amortization
of the Erez Israel Colonization Company^s credit begins, and
the relation between the National Fund as lessor and the
workingmen's co-operative association as lessee becomes direct.
This social, educational, and agricultural experiment is too
young to admit of a definitive statement of its prospects. Agri-
culturally it stands for the European intensive farming needed
in a small country, which cannot be expected to bring quick
returns. Nevertheless, it has been successful enough to jus-
tify a second experiment, at Daganiah, with slight varia-
tions. It should only be added that the plan contemplates the
introduction of features that will make it applicable to married
workmen with families as well as to unmarried workmen, and
will provide for a diversified settlement of farmers, truck-
farmers, traders, and artisans. The system, it will be noted,
educates the farmer without making a pupil of him ; the col-
lective capital of the colonization company puts at his disposal
advanced technical aids, otherwise unattainable, and thus,
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRHSS IN PALESTINE 71
it is maintained, large masses of Jews may become the cul-
tivators of Jewish land, not merely its possessors.
But not all intending settlers are prepared to join a co-
operative workingmen^s association. There are Jews with more
or less capital who desire to settle in rural Palestine, provided
the conditions do not necessitate the exercise of a too hardy
pioneer spirit. To such the Erez Israel Colonization Associa-
tion is not a helper. In point of fact it is itself in a sense an
unenterprising settler. It would welcome the existence of
properties at least half-way developed, ready for actual settle-
ment, water provided, wells dug, soil free from stones, ap-
proaches laid out, and improvements built suitable for its
purposes, like barracks, houses, stables, and outhouses.
Such preparatory work is the fimction of several organiza-
tions: the Geulah (1902), the Agudat Netaim (1905), and the
Palestine Land Development Company, the last the manager
of the National Fund properties, and therefore an institution
of the Zionist movement.
The (Jexdah started as a land company, merely to buy and
sell land. It was soon apparent that only improved land would
attract buyers, and its functions were changed into those of a
developing company. It has practically confined itself to
operations in the neighborhood of the established colonies,
except that latterly it has extended them to the cities. En-
Gkmnim, it will be recalled, was founded by the Odessa Com-
mittee on a Geulah plot near Petah Tikwah.
The purpose of the Agudat Netaim, a share company like the
(Geulah and the others to be mentioned, is to lay out and culti-
vate plantations (oranges and almonds), and then divide up
the property into small salable parcels. It owns two planta-
tions, Hef zi-bah and Birket Atta, near Hederah, one at Beho-
Digitized by
Google
72 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
•
bot, and the Sedjera plantations of the ICA. It also under-
takes to lay out and superintend such plantations for others
pending their arrival in the country. Even residents of Pales-
tine have employed the services of the Agudat Netaim.
Allied to these, but with still more specific objects, are the
Tiberias Plantation Company, mentioned before in connection
with experiments with cotton, and the Irrigation Society
Palastina (1911), which has constructed a plant on the Eiver
Audje for irrigating the orange plantations of Petah Tikwah.
The largest in this class of companies is the Palestine Land
Development Company. It huys and develops large tracts of
land. Its first business is to give due attention to the legality
of the title to the property, and then to manage it and develop
it, putting it into condition for all sorts of settlers, even to the
point of planting fruit-trees. At the last, when roads have
been leveled, water drawn into the estate, and all needful public
and private improvements made, the tract is divided up into
parcels, to be disposed of in small peasants^ and workingmen^s
holdings, or, if settlers with means present themselves, as larger
estates. All this proceeds under the supervision of a profes-
sional agriculturist or gardener, who gives the benefit of his
advice to the newly-settled owners. When they come to take
possession, not only is the land in condition for productive
uses, but the relations with the Arab neighbors have been regu-
lated. The Palestine Land Development Company is also
equipped to acquire land and estates on commission and pre-
pare them for the actual occupancy of the purchasers from
abroad. The Odessa Committee, for instance, recently em-
ployed the services of the Palestine Land Development Com-
pany for the purchase of a piece of land, Hederah Zeita, neai?
Hederah.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 73
The Zionists of the United States, partly with the Menuhah
we-Nahalah plan at Eehobot in mind, are attempting to help
on this phase of Palestine development through the Ahuzah
movement. It purports to enable Jews in moderate circum-
stances to unite for the purpose of acquiring land in Palestine
for future settlement. The plan is for groups of about fifty
to subscribe for a minimum of seven shares a person at $200 a
share, payable in weekly or monthly installments in the course
of seven years, the whole capital to be paid up in ten years at
the outside. The sum of $1400 so invested will secure an estate
of sixteen acres, 14^ under cultivation, planted with fruit-
trees, and 1^ reserved for house, bam, and garden. For the
buildings, furniture, implements, and live stock, the settler is
required to have another $1000. As soon as the treasurer holds
$500, it is remitted to the Anglo-Palestine Bank at Jaffa, and
when a sum has accrued in the bank sufficient to pay for about
two acres on each share subscribed for, the Palestine Office is
requested to purchase land for the group. The Palestine Office
of the Zionist movement is the agent of the National Fund and
the Palestine Land Development Company. It discharges the
functions of a land and information bureau, in the latter
capacity being in close touch with the information bureau
maintained by the ICA as well as with that maintained by
the Odessa Committee. After concluding the purchase of a
satisfactory piece of land, the Palestine Office engages an
expert to manage and develop the Ahuzah estate. It is
supposed that the payments of the first three years will buy
the land needed. In ten years the colony is ready to receive
settlers and grant them a livelihood. The calculation is that
14^ acres of fruit-bearing trees will yield an income of $380
annually. If at the end of the period of ten years one or
Digitized by
Google
74 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
another of the would-be settlers has not saved the thousand
dollars needed for buildings, etc., he can either proceed to
the colony and depend upon finding employment there, sure
that according to the regulations his skill will be resorted to
rather than an outsider's; or he can allow the income from
his little estate to accrue for three or four years to make up
the expenses of settlement.
There are now eleven such groups in six cities of the United
States and two in Canada, and the plan has spread to Eussia
and Germany. Five of the associations have purchased land
in Palestine, chiefly in the region between Haifa and the Valley
of Jezreel. Some of the members of the first St. Louis and of
the Chicago Ahuzah groups have already gone forward to
Palestine; the former are settled at Poriah, in Galilee, near
the Sea of Tiberias.
Out of the Ahuzah sprang the Zion Commonwealth, an
organization of national instead of local scope. Its plan pro-
vides for individual holdings of about 2 J acres, which is suflEi-
cient for a homestead. This represents a single share. certifi-
cate. The members who intend to do farming are expected to
subscribe for at least ten such certificates. Besides, the Zion
Commonwealth has adopted a radical land policy, whereby at
least lOj^ of all the lands purchased will be kept as an inalien-
able communal estate, to be leased but not sold, on which will
be built the city, town, or industrial district of the community.
From the communal land all the members will draw rent and
profit. The Zion Commonwealth has bought a tract of 400
acres, with the option on 3000 more, in the Valley of Jezreel.
The Ahuzah and Zion Commonwealth plans have not
reached even the tentative, experimental stage recently attained
by Merhawiah and Daganiah and their co-operative societies.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 75
It should be clearly understood that it remains for the future
to demonstrate the practicability of all of them.
The activity of the Erez Israel Colonization Association
begun in Merhawiah has been made possible by a special fund
of the Jewish National Fund, called Genossenschaftsfond
(fund for co-operative societies). Besides financing the sort
of colonization that results directly in settlements (Siedlung),
it is designed to support the form of colonization that may be
called occupancy. The early days at Merhawiah could not be
devoted wholly to tilling the soil to which the workingmen^s
co-operative association had acquired the title. The neighbors
were imfriendly, the Bedouins inimical; they had to be con-
ciliated ; it required time and courage to secure the conditions
for peaceful pursuits. That early period was a record not so
much of settlement as of occupancy.
Those who know conditions best in Palestine look upon the
Transjordanic region as the most promising for Jewish settle-
ment. The land is cheap, there is much to be had of it, and it
is fertile and well-watered. But it can be won and held only by
the hardihood and unremitting industry of the pioneer. With
Merhawiah and Transjordania in mind, the Genossenschafts-
fond has as its second purpose to equip expeditions that are
to consist in part of well-trained agriculturists, in part of
young men prepared to rough it, and in part of officials,
agronomists, physicians, nurses, artisans, etc., who are to be
supplied with tools, implements, camp furniture, drugs, sur-
gical appliances, and foodstuffs— all that may be necessary to
take actual and peaceable possession, through the plough, of
lands sometimes only nominally come into the ownership of
Jewish purchasers through money.
Digitized by
Google
76 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
No such expedition has yet been equipped, but on a small
scale the work has been done on the west side of the Jordan.
At this time groups called Kewuzot-Kibbush are doing the pre-
liminary work on several National Fund estates recently
acquired, as at Hattin and Bir Adas. Once occupancy is
made secure by them, they have the choice of settling, on terms
recognizing their pioneer work, as colonizers on the lands they
have opened up, or moving on to the next station and in
turn bringing it into the circle of civilized communities.
In 1914 it was estimated that from eighteen to twenty thou-
sand tourists had visited Palestine in the spring. It is fair
to assume that ninety per cent of them " went up '' to Jeru-
salem on the railroad from Jaffa, and viewed the hill-coimtry
of Judea from the car window. From the erroneous impres-
sions of the infertility of Palestine that prevail in many
quarters, it is also fair to assume that a large percentage of
those who come of their own accord " to spy out the land,^'
bring back a " report ^^ on technical questions without inquir-
ing into the geologic and historical causes that have produced
the bare and gray hillsides, awesome as only mountains are
elsewhere. They speak without informing themselves about
soil and climate and the present status of agriculture in the
land. They, and Baedeker too, ignore the whole development
of Jewish colonization, the positive outcome of which nega-
tives the casual traveler's haphazard conclusions regarding
the possibility of a future Palestine flowing with milk and
honey. The time is not far distant when at least the Jewish
tourist, holding a Jewish guidebook in his hand, or subject
to the tender mercies of a Jewish dragoman, will alight at
Lydda and drive to Hulda to view the Herzl Forest of olive-
trees and the nurseries planted there by the National Fund
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 77
since 1909, and convince himself that Jewish endeavor can
and will clothe the bare spots that have been denuded through
ignorance, neglect, abuse, and lack of means and modem
method.
Or he will stop off at Ben Shamen closer to the railroad, and
be rewarded not only by witnessing the success of the reaffores-
tation efforts of the National Fund made there too, but also
by the sight of the little Bezalel industrial colony of Yemenites.
In their ateliers equipped for them by the National Fund he
will stand beside the foreman and watch the filigree workers
fashion dainty silver articles, and the carpenters wield their
tools, and the women weave carpets and sew needle lace.
Before he leaves, the same women will hospitably press upon
him milk from their own dairies and vegetables from their
own garden-plots beside their houses, and insist upon his in-
specting their cackling chicken rims. If he still has time
between trains, he will test the olive soap turned out in the
factory, or he will seek out the members of the co-operative
workingmen's association at work in the fields, and listen to
their explanation of their social and agricultural undertaking ;
he will hear about their success in cattle-rearing ; and he will
inform himself of the methods used with the pupil-working-
men on the farm.
These reafforestation stations, like the ICA and the National
Fund farm schools, are sending forth farm and garden
workers that constitute the best material hitherto available for
the Jewish colonization. But they can be depended upon
primarily only to supply the educational need of the adult
immigrant. If generations of Jewish farmers are to be trained
up, additional measures must be taken. As a matter of fact,
facilities do already exist. Indeed, the very first Jewish
Digitized by
Google
78 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
agrictiltural undertaking in the Holy Land was the Mikweh
Israel Agricultural School, established by the Alliance Israelite
TJniverselle, in 1870, near Jaffa, on the road on which, fxirther
to the south, Eishon le-Zion was located twelve years later.
The handsome buildings and cellars are situated on an estate of
650 acres, skillfully and charmingly laid out with indigenous
and foreign plants and trees. The school has an adequate
annual budget of about $10,000. In spite of its comparatively
long life, its priority in the field, and its plant, equipment, and
funds, the institution has not been an effective factor in the
agricultural development of Palestine. It has stood away from
the swift currents of Jewish life there, somewhat as the ad-
ministrators of the Eothschild colonies are charged with
having done. The language of instruction and of intercourse
is French, the course of studies lasts four years, and the cur-
riculum is calculated to turn out, not peasants or farmers or
rural settlers of any kind, but only professional agronomists,
who seek positions as inspectors, supervisors, landscape-
gardeners, and teachers at other schools. The result is that
a not inconsiderable part of its graduates have gone into other
callings, and a large majority of those who stuck to their last
left Palestine and exercised their vocation in Egypt, the
Levant countries, Prance, and the United States. At one time,
under a director friendly to Palestine colonization, pupils of
the school actually became settlers in the colonies, and the
number of pupils in the school rose to 200. The next incum-
bent changed the policy, and the attendance dropped to 75.
Eecently a new spirit has again been stirring in the institution,
and there is a prospect that it may co-ordinate itself with the
trend of Palestinian thought, which is considering, not emigra-
tion, but immigration, and not the aspirations of the individual
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JBWiaH PHOQRBSS IN PALESTINE 79
after self -culture so much as the longing of the masses of
Jewish immigrants for normal, healthful activity.
At the end of 1912 an agricultural college was opened in
Petah Tikwah with a very ambitious four-years^ program:
Hebrew, French, Arabic, mathematics, history, geography,
chemistry, botany, physics, surveying, meteorology, zoology,
geology, and mineralogy; soil chemistry, the installing of plan-
tations, cattle-raising, medicine, dairying, plant pathology,
administration of farms, agrarian law, commercial law, etc.
To practical work only two hours a week are assigned. There
would seem to be a repetition here of the mistakes committed
at Mikweh Israel. The time has been too short for a demon-
stration of value or the reverse.
The Verband jiidischer Prauen fiir Kulturarbeit in Palas-
tina is conducting a xmique tmdertaking at Kinneret, near the
Sea of Tiberias, on land belonging to the National Fund. It
has established there a farm school for girls, with a two years'
course. Candidates niust be at least seventeen years old. The
pupils enjoy free tuition, board, and lodging, as well as a
monthly stipend. The work is predominatingly practical,
occupying the pupils from seven to nine hours daily. The
subjects on the curriculum are botany, elementary chemistry
and physics, cooking and preserving, in the first year; and in
the sdcond, the elements of scientific agriculture, fertilizing
methods, plant diseases, the principles underlying various
crops, poultry-raising, cattle-breeding, and the care, of dairy
products. The school has for its use sixteen acres of land for
ornamental gardening, vegetable gardening, and forestry, and
a barnyard. All the work of the farm is done by the pupils,
as well as the sewing and cooking required in the household
of the institution.
Digitized by
Google
80 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
The importance of this farm school camiot be overestimated.
For years the critics of Jewish Palestine colonization have
justly pointed to the untrained Jewish woman on the farm as
one of the radical diflBcnlties. The Yemenite women, even
before their houses are built for them, as soon as the place on
which they are to be erected is designated, plot and plant their
gardens for vegetables, for home use and for sale. That is
the spirit of the true farmer's wife, and Eussian Jewish girls
are acquiring it. As was mentioned before, there were some
on the farm at Sedjera. They shouldered their hoes and went
forth to the field, and worked all day without asking quarter.
The same is said to be true of the girl farmers at Merhawiah,
and the vegetable-growers at Medjdel on the land of the
Tiberias Plantation Company. It is certain that one of th^
best farmers in Lower Galilee was a woman, to watch whom
was a delight when she stood throwing feed to her barnyard
full of geese, chickens, and pigeons; when she tended her
well-cared-for cattle in their substantial stalls; when she dis-
cussed prices with a would-be buyer, standing over her golden
grain, as it lay heaped up in her store-chamber ; when she gave
her orders to her employees at whose head she went to her
fields ; and when, in the gloaming, before the door of her own
cottage, she discoursed on the value of bananas for Palestine,
or told her reminiscences of the early days of the colonization
— an embodiment of the Hebrew philosopher's ^^ valiant''
woman. .
There are several other educational plans, partly under way,
partly under discussion, which promise well for the future of
agriculture. The schools at Eehobot and Katra include
gardening in their curriculum. A Frankfort society conducts
a school for girls at Petah Tikwah, in which the pupils are
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 81
taught cooking and gardening and vegetable-raising. In addi-
tion to the regular classrooms, there is a model kitchen,
dining-room, laundry, pantry, butler^s pantry, and bath,
besides a considerable piece of land for the gardening.
The German Boys^ Orphan Asylum was removed a short
while ago from Jerusalem to En-6annim, and the change may
give the opportunity for agricultural training to another group
of yoxmg people. The Madchenheim, the Orphan Asylum
instituted for the daughters of the victims of the Kishinev
pogrom, is likewise to be removed from Jerusalem to Eehobot,
and the intention is to add gardening and other country pur-
suits to the curriculum.
Finally, through the interest of some American Jews, op-
portimity has been given to several young men, sons of early
colonists, to go to California and complete their studies, begun
in Palestine partly on their fathers' land. Their attainments
can only benefit Palestine, seeing that California resembles
it so closely in climate, geologic formation, and agricultural
problems and advantages, while surpassing it in prosperity and
technical progress. All those assisted in this way have pledged
themselves to return to their fatherland and utilize their skill
and knowledge in its behalf.
To a group of American Jews Palestine owes also the Jew-
ish Agricultural Experiment Station, incorporated in 1910
under the laws of the State of New York. The experiment
farms are at Athlit, and a subsidiary field, used as a nursery,
is at Hederah. The chief work of the Station has been the
cross-fertilization of the wild wheat discovered in Palestine by
the Managing Director, Mr. Aaron Aaronsohn, an investiga-
tion that will require a number of years. The task he has set
himself is that of producing a variety of wheat that shall corn-
Digitized by
Google
82 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
bine, with the wild plant's resistance to disease and to climatic,
soil, and meteorologic conditions, the nutritive and other
qualities of the degenerate cultivated varieties. Along with
this goes an investigation of methods of agriculture, especially
of the value of the American dry-farming for semi-arid regions
applied to Palestine in point of implements and soil treatment.
The Director's researches have already proved so valuable that
some of his restdts have been published by the Department of
Agriculture of the United States, and the wild wheat, in which
the western States have a special interest, has been observed at
several of the American Agricultural Stations with interesting
results. Between the Department and the Station at Athlit a
system of plant exchanges has been established, probably to
the advantage of both Palestine and America.
Besides wheat other products are under observation : sesame,
barley, and oats ; citrus, with a view to improving the orange
production and introducing grape fruit and other species;
grapes, not only for wines but also for the table and for
raisins ; mulberry trees, to determine the kinds best adapted
for Palestine silk production; ornamental trees and shrubs
for the cottage gardens; opimtia, to secure a spineless variety
for fodder; and many others, while practical farmers, garden-
ers, and scientists have been particularly interested in the
study made of plant diseases prevalent in Palestine.
The scope of the Station is unlimited. Small as Palestine
is, and though libraries have been written on it, there are still
many xmcharted regions and unanswered questions. Soil and
meteorological conditions are not known with accurate detail.
Encroaching almost upon the Station's experimental fields at
Athlit are the dunes, creeping up on the fertile Sharon valley
where once stood populous cities and wondrous gardens. The^
Digitized by
Google
RE3CENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 83
need investigation. Fodder and fertilizers are still open sub-
jects. Fruit-trees are under del;>ate : some believe apples, pears,
cherries, plums, and quinces are not worth while ; others insist
that they with peaches and apricots have a future second only
to wine and oranges and almonds and olives. The variety of
leguminous plants has not been exploited especially as forage
plants, the possibilities of cotton and tobacco have not been
determined, and the pasture lands are waiting for the atten-
tion of the expert.
The Kewuzot-Kibbush mentioned above, the "pioneer
groups,'' are a new phenomenon, but the sentiment under-
lying their organization prevails throughout Palestine : " We
must win the land we desire to live on not with money alone,
but also with the plough.'*
To what extent has land been so won?
Before this question can be answered, we must know on
what land it is that Jewish immigrants are setting out to
win an abode for themselves. What is meant by the term
Palestine ?
The question has had many answers given to it. As a
matter of fact, the term Palestine does not, in modem
Turkey, correspond to a definite political division of the land,
just as it was a term for a variable concept in the days of
Israel's independence. Some make it include El-Arish on the
Egyptian frontier; some extend it northward to Beirut; some
give it an area of 10,425 square miles; some of 14,054; some
of 16,217. If we accept the most generous dimensions, it can
be placed in California nine times with 12,344 square miles
to spare. In general, it is agreed that it is the southern part
of Syria lying to the west of the Jordan, together with lands
in Transjordania. In realization of the indefiniteness of the
Digitized by
Google
84 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
concept, most of the Jewish colonization societies, it will be
recalled, describe their sphere loosely as Palestine and Syria.
Of this area Jewish hands are cultivating about 175 to 200
square miles, and the work is being done by more than 10,000
Jewish colonists, in a land that has 67 persons to a square mile.
The northernmost possession, MetuUah, lies in a line with the
old Tyre; the southernmost, Djemama, in a line with Gaza,
also the old, but recently renewing its ancient fame as a center
of barley-planting and a port for shipments. The road from
Jaffa to Jerusalem is dotted with Jewish settlements. Two
centers are thickly sown, Judea near Jafia and Galilee near the
Sea of Tiberias. In the Plain of Sharon, between Jaffa and
Haifa, there are ten Jewish possessions, the Valley of Jezreel
has been entered, and the pioneer has pushed across the
Jordan. The Jew thus is planted with both his feet on the
soil of his fathers.
THE RURAL DEVELOPMENT
LIFE IN THE JEWISH VILLAGES
Jewish Villages — A Small Village — A Large Village — Charitable
Societies— Village Budgets— Village Schools— The City Coun-
cil— The Mukhtar — A Specimen Budget — Education and the
Jewish Parmer — Recreations — Hagigah — Union of Judean
Colonies — The Night-Watch — Relation to Arabs — Proselytes —
Yemenites — The Sabbath.
So far only the economic shell of Jewish colonization in
Palestine has been described. The content is life, complete,
vivid, and Jewish.
We have been speaking of colonies, a term repudiated by the
Palestinian Jews. It has a tentative sound in their ears,
while what they have, or what possesses them, is a home-feel-
ing, physical and spiritual. They insist that they live in
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 85
Jewish villages, and they are proud with a peculiar pride of
their clusters of red-roofed houses gleaming like beacons in
the Palestinian atmosphere from an amazing distance. En-
shrined in those homes is something new in the way of Jewish-
ness, of which they are the originators. Their pride is the
pride of the creator, not the upstart pride of ownership.
The home-feeling is strongly marked even when the settle-
ment boasts only a single short street, as in the young Lower
Galilean villages. On each side the simple little houses are set
close together for social, mutually helpful action. The plots
in front, forming parallel garden lines, face each other along
the whole length. Beyond, all around, lie the deep-furrowed
Jewish fields. Such is the village of Sedjera nestled at the
rim of the overturned bowl of Mount Tabor. Sometimes the
pattern, primitive as it is, was executed wretchedly, as at
Athlit in the Plain of Sharon on the southernmost spur of
the Carmel. The backs of the single row of two-roomed
cottages rose almost even with the precipice, forbidding expan-
sion of family and possessions. Instead of gardens the stables
were ranged opposite to the bleak, porchless front doors. At
the base of the crag, a little way across the dunes, the whole
of an Arab village population is housed, owl-like, in the
crevices of the ruins of Athlit, the crusaders' fortress jutting
out into the sea. Jewish Athlit is an improvement On such a
tenement, say its builders in lame self-defense. In general,
it is true that the Arab village even at its best serves as an
excellent foil to the Jewish village. The windowless Arab
houses like cliff-swallows' nests are built against the earthen
quarry from which they are hewn — gray on gray. The tribal
enemy approaching with hostile intent fails to see them long
after he has been espied and preparations have been made for
Digitized by
Google
86 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
his warm reception. In contrast to this, the Jewish village
is frank and wholesome, planned for the uses of life, not
merely to ward off death.
The single street of the primitive Jewish village quickly
sends out branches, especially in the less exposed south
country, in Judea. The suburban type develops, of which the
old Eothschild colonies are the completest exemplars, set in
their vrreath of glistening orange-groves or more delicately
branched almond plantations. In Eishon le-Zion and Petah
Tikwah some of the houses are villa-like, and the smaller
cottages are trim and attractive with their garden inclosures.
The streets are lined with trees, and feathery acacias and
mimosas border the lanes to the vineyards.
These grown-up villages have their sights. There is the
synagogue, placed sometimes, as in Eehobot, on the highest
point, dominating the village physically and its life spiritually,
as the Catholic church dominates the South German village,
and the meeting-house the New England village. There are
the schools with their ample, shaded yards. There is some-
times, as at Zichron Jacob and elsewhere, a hospital, and some-
times a bath, and a community-house for recreation, and a
meeting-house for the town assemblies. In Eishon le-Zion
there is a palm garden, a charming token of the golden Eoths-
child days. From the same lavish period dates the beautifully
planted public park in Zichron Jacob. There are the water
works, the cherished fountains of health for the residents and
the guarantors of growth for the plantations. Occasionally
there is also the Arab market, Orientally picturesque, and
along with it goes what one must call a '* slum ^' district. By
way of compensation one pays a visit to the spruce working-
men's suburb at En-Gannim, near Petah Tikwah. The liberal
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROaRBSS IN PALESTINE 87
credit-system adopted there, coupled with the energetic initia-
tive of the builder-owners, has produced pleasing variety and
individuality. The wide street no sooner laid out was planted
with young trees, and the front gardens could at once be
watered from the works visible at its head. They are the
chief boast of the little settlement, which was largely fashioned
by the residents themselves in their leisure hours. Now they
are privileged to spend them on ample " suburbanite '^ veran-
dahs.
And these grown-up villages as well as the smaller ones have
their charities, too — a Sick- Visiting Society (Bikkur Holim,
or Mishmeret Holim), a Shelter for the Stranger (Haknasat
Orhim), and a mutual loan society (Gemillat Hasadim),
which has latterly been replaced in part by the co-operative
societies described before.
Mention has been made of Petah Tikwah's budget of
$16,793 for internal affairs. Petah Tikwah is the most
populous of the Jewish villages; it has 2670 inhabitants. No
other has attained to equally complex and costly needs. But
there is none so small as to have no communal institutions.
They all tax themselves for public purposes — ^for schools,
medical service, water, roads, and recreation.
The school is the foremost and the inevitable communal
enterprise. There are sure to be a few elementary classes in
the smallest settlement. In the larger villages a Kindergarten
is added at one end and higher classes at the other, until they
number the full quota of eight, and there is a Talmud Torah
besides, sometimes more than one. Many of the schools are
rudimentary institutions, with teachers whose youthful ideal-
ism has subdued personal desire, but, unaided by professional
training, has not always achieved the refinements of modem
Digitized by
Google
88 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
pedagogy. Nevertheless, on the whole, the teaching corps is
adequate to its task. In the more developed centers the little
school buildings are not unattractive, and their equipment,
even in so ultra-modern a respect as the laboratory for young
children, is admirable. To be sure, where the educational
plant is so complete, the village has usually enlisted the help
of the ICA, or the Ezra, or the Hilfsverein, or the Odessa
Committee. The same agencies, especially the ICA, aid the
smaller settlements to maintain a physician and a drug room
with a druggist in attendance at certain hours, and at Petah
Tikwah the ICA presented to the community its large orange-
grove as a public domain, the profits to be applied to the
general needs.
These communal xmdertakings naturally demand regulat-
ing, administrative activity. All the full-fledged villages have
a Waad, a committee, elected by what is almost equivalent to
a town meeting. At first only the propertied residents, men
and women, had the vote. In recent years the workingmen,
lacking the property qualification, have yet secured the
suffrage right, the only condition being two years' residence in
the village. But though they may thus determine the make-up
of the Waad, they are not themselves eligible to it.
The Waad is at once a legislative and executive body. Its
functions include the assessment and registration of property,
budget-making, and the collection of taxes. In the thirty
years' history of Jewish colonization in Palestine there has
been practically no opposition to the resolutions of the Waad;
only once was an appeal from a Jewish town council's decision
carried outside to the political authorities, and they refused
to entertain it. Differences between individuals are composed
by Jewish courts of arbitration, and it has happened frequently
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 89
enough that Arabs have laid their diflSeulties before the Waad
for adjustment. These Jewish village courts have dealt only
with civil cases. Indeed, in the whole history of the new
Jewish Palestine there has been but a single case of Jewish
criminality !
When the interests of the colonies expand, the Waad ceases
to act as a single undivided body on all concerns. It appoints
committees for the better exercise of some of its functions:
a committee on education, one on the administration of
justice, one on the constitution, one on the relation to the
Wine-Growers Association, one on the co-operative purchase
of fodder for the cattle of the colony, etc.
The connection between the village and the Government is
established, as in the Arab village, through a mukhtar, often
a member of the Waad. This is not peculiar to the villages.
In Turkey a certain degree of autonomy is granted to ethno-
graphic, national, and religious groups. Hence the severance
of nationalities and religious communities from each other in
their peculiar ^^ quarters " in the cities is more marked than
in most countries, and hence we have the internal govern-
ment of the Jewish rural and city communities. The mukh-
tar is primarily the fiscal agent, through whom the taxes for
which a given community is liable are transmitted. Turkish
taxes are imposed on all Ottoman subjects alike, but the
mukhtar institution affords a community the chance of
exempting its own poor, and collecting from its more pros-
perous members the sum total, to be turned over to the
Government through its accredited agent.
Mr. Curt Nawratzki, in his remarkable book on Jewish
colonization in Palestine, quotes a specimen budget, that of
Kastinieh, which is full of human interest. Kastinieh, or Ber
Digitized by
Google
90 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Tobiah, as it is often called, is, it will be remembered, the
southernmost of the Judean colonies, closer to Gaza than to
Jaffa. It raises only wheat, sesame, barley, peas, beans, etc. ;
there are no fruit plantations. It has a population of 150,
and owns 1278 acres of land. All the colonists work the land
themselves, and most of them constantly employ at least one
^^ hired man,'^ who is paid in kind to the value of about $80 a
year. In 1910 two colonists made between $620 and $640;
one made $740; three between $860 and $880; two between
$1000 and $1040; and two brothers in partnership, $1320.
The gross income of the whole settlement was $11,000. The
Government ta^ amounted to one-eighth of the threshed pro-
duce ; and there were expenditures on account of negotiations
with the tax-farmer, etc. The military tax had by that time
been abrogated in Turkey, but in KAstinieh the Waad con-
tinued to impose it to make up a fund for the support of the
families whose breadwinners were serving in the army, or
would serve, on behalf of the colony.
The budget for the internal needs of the community was as
follows :
Pump and water supply $965.76
Bath 51.15
Teacher 288.00
Physician (Leech) 180.27
Butcher (Shohet) 108.00
Mukhtar 48.00
Secretary 33.05
Dues to Union of Judean Colonies 23.79
For drawing map of colony 15.17
Post 10.16
Night-watch 268.48
Military tax 161.98
Entertainment of officials 27.74
Expenses incident to conflict between two
colonists 84.05
Unspecified expenses 364.60
$2630.20
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 91
The only help given to Elastinieh comes from the Odessa
Committee, which pays $624 for the third, fourth, fifth, and
sixth items in the list, thus leaving $2000 for the farmers
themselves, about $100 a family.
Here is betrayed a serious disadvantage inherent in the
small settlement. The burden imposed by intellectual aspira-
tions is too heavy to be borne by a restricted community. But
if peasant is doomed to remain the synonym of hind and rustic
boor, the Jew will never become a genuine peasant, even in
Palestine. He must be in a position to give his children a
thorough schooling; the practical application of scientific re-
search and technical ingenuity must not be beyond his reach.
He must not be expected to cut himself off from the world of
thought and creation. These as a modern man he claims as
his heritage, and when he insists upon their compatibility with
a peasant's occupation, he is in line with the most enlightened
endeavors of the economist and statesman of our day. How
then, in the early stage of Jewish colonization, can his problem
be solved, if he is to be spared oppressive taxation ? The IC A
met it in one way in Yemma and Bedjen. They are placed
within a bowshot of each other. One set of commimal institu-
tions serves both, and the cost of maintenance is distributed
among a larger number of taxpayers than in an isolated colony.
The advantage, it is true, must be paid for in time instead of
money : the fields lie to one side of the colony, not around it,
and so some of them are at a greater distance from the farmers^
houses than they would be otherwise. The co-operative enter-
prises described in the previous section will also carry the Jew
a long way towards peasantry without exacting too large a
spiritual sacrifice. However, the future may be trusted to
Digitized by
Google
92 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
solve the problem radically, for the reason that the Jew him-
self may be trusted to lead a life in which intellectual train-
ing and pursuits have an unalterable place.
After the school and the physician, the drug room, the bath,
and the hospital are provided for, attention and funds are
appropriated for the recreation center, the Bet ha-Am, a
modest ^^ People^s Palace." There is one in each of the larger
villages. It is the meeting-place of the societies, the literary,
the athletic, and the musical. It has a library and a newspaper
room, and occasionally concerts and lectures are given in it.
As was mentioned before, even the barracks put up by the
National Fund for unmarried workingmen are provided with
libraries. As for music, the Jew has made Palestine vocal.
There is singing everywhere, in garden and field and the
school-yard throughout the day, and in the evening the strains
of amateur orchestras are sure to issue from one or another
open window.
The life in the Jewish villages thus has its gracious aspects.
The Jew outside — even, or especially, one who believes Jewish
colonization in Palestine to be the means of securing another
happy home for his people, in which besides normal tears also
normal laughter may be his portion — ^is apt to think of the
undertaking as a desiccated "experiment" or an abstract
"problem." He ought to be present at the Hagigah during
Hoi ha-Moed Pesah, in Rehobot. From the whole of Jewish
Palestine, from all the villages, the visitors come. The young
people compete with one another in games, athletics, debates,
declamations, and song. There is an exhibit of agricultural
products after the fashion of a county fair. But what im-
presses the strangers from abroad most of all is the mighty
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 93
chorus of voices raised in the Hebrew songs that have origi-
nated on the soil, and have spread to all parts of the land.
Spectators* describe the experience as thrilling. Here is the
spirit of play, the token and safeguard of mental health.
Physically the Judean villages are brought close to one
another by a regular omnibus or stage coach system connecting
them with Jafifa, and in Galilee the new wagon roads, imper-
fect though they are, make intercourse between settlements
comparatively easy. Otherwise intercolonial relations have
not been organized. The Waad of each village is independent
of every other, ^ut the subject of a union has not been left
undiscussed. Eepresentatives of the Odessa Committee en-
deavored, in 1903, to efifect an organization of the Jewry of
Palestine, at least of the New Settlement, the elements in-
terested in advancing the economic and social status of the
Jews. A Kenessiah, a convention of delegates, assembled at
Zichron Jacob, and steps were taken looking to permanence
and the inclusion eventually of the Old Settlement. Nothing
came of it. Even of Sectional unions there is only one, that
of the Judean colonies, organized in 1909, a sort of grange
without the feature of lodge secrets. The general purpose is
the advancement of the economic, cultural, and political situa-
tion of the colonies; its specific objects are the founding of
syndicates for the sale of products; the improvement of agri-
cultural methods by the introduction and demonstration of
new implements; the organizing of cattle insurance societies
and the employment of a veterinary surgeon; the improve-
ment of the health conditions in the colonies; the spread of
knowledge by lectures, demonstrations, etc., on agricultural
subjects, and by the introduction of natural science in the
Digitized by
Google
94 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
curriculum of the colony schools; and the employment of a
professional agronomist who shall supervise agricultural ex-
periments.
Though it cannot be called intercolonial, there is an associa-
tion that makes itself felt in all the villages, north and south.
Ha-Shomer, the Jewish guard or night-watch, is one of the
most remarkable phenomena of the new Palestinian life.
From the first it was necessary to guard against depredations
by the Arabs, and watchmen were engaged from among the
suspects to patrol the Jewish fields at night. Though a saving
was effected, the arrangement was not calculated to inspire
confidence. In point of fact, there were still considerable
leakages through favoritism and connivance at thefts; and the
Arab guard often was rendered ineflEective on account of recur-
ring family and tribal feuds. In the winter of 1909-1910,
dissatisfaction with the prevailing system was rife. Especially
in the Galilean highland, the nursery of Jewish sentiment from
of old, the mote ardent spirits among the young workingmen
could not brook the humiliation the Jewish farmers had to
endure. Word flew from settlement to settlement, and the
Jewish colony guard came into existence. At first the service
was confined to Galilee; but now practically all the colonies
depend upon the Shomerim. Behobot alone recently organized
a watch of its own. Petah Tikwah pays $6000 a year; little
Kastinieh's budget shows $268.48 for the item night-watch.
A single Shomer receives $100 annually, but as a rule a posse
is engaged by the colony as a whole. Two organizations sub-
vention Ha-Shomer, the Odessa Committee and the Work-
men's Union. In spite of the costliness of the service, there
seems to be hardly a dissenting voice as to its value, a recogni-
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 95
tion the more remarkable as the citiz^n^ the Baale-Battim^ ele-
ment in the villages still squirms at the idea of a self -consti-
tuted and self-governed company of Jewish youths, revolver-
armed, most of them noted for zeal and ebullient enthusiasm.
That the discharged Arab guard looks upon the Shomerim as
^* scabs '^ is not calculated to allay anxieiy. The situation ofifers
redoubtable openings on both sides, and there have been a few
bloody, even fatal encounters between the two nationalities.
The general impression appears to be that the Shomerim are
innocent of aggression; they have gone to extremes only in
self-defense. Besides insuring the safety of Jewish property,
Ha-Shomer has raised the dignity of the Jew in the eyes of
his Arab neighbors. A Jew who is a good shot, and rides a
horse, bareback if you will, with the same grace as the Arab,
and cuts a good figure at that as he gallops 'cross country,
exacts respect. At all events, Ha-Shomer with its hundred
and more members has become an absolute necessity in Pales-
tine, and a picturesque feature in its rural life. The company
is made up of the material needed for the pioneer bands that
are to prepare outlying regions through occupancy by them-
selves for permanent settlement and cultivation by others.
In general, the relation between Jews and Arabs is not un-
satisfactory, in spite of the friction that occurs at certain
points of contact. The reasonable expectation is that it will
improve, because the mutual respect is increasing. The Arab
has begun to recognize the value that has accrued to him and
the land by the presence and the activity of the Jew. He
already pays hinn the flattery of imitation. In some places he
has adopted the modem methods and implements introduced
by the Jew. On the other hand, the Jew recognizes that the
4
Digitized by
Google
96 AMEailCAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Arab may be his teacher in all that relates to the soil. His
fiber is, as it were, habituated to it. He knows it by instinct.
For instance, the primitive plow of the Arab husbandman,
wielded by his predecessor on the soil three thousand years ago,
it was thought must be banished beyond recall. More careful
investigation has demonstrated that on some soils deep upturn-
ing is harmful ; the superficial scratching of the wooden ])low-
share with its small iron attachment is exactly what is needed.
Such recognitions of mutual helpfulness will multiply and
make for a better understanding and neighborly tolerance.
But that the relation is an aspect of Jewish colonization that
will require wisdom and tact and statesmanship can and should
not be minimized; nor are the leaders of Palestine public
opinion guilty of neglect in this particular.
The Arab is not the only non-Jewish element in the villages.
As one goes up and down the land, one constantly meets Gerim,
converts to Judaism, from Russia. They have been the special
prot6g6es of the ICA. Inured to agricultural labor for centu-
ries, they were doubtless considered a good leaven in the mass
of city-bred novices at farming, with whom they were united
by one bond — ^persecution inflicted for the sake of a Panslavic
ideal.
About six years ago another element supplying an agricul-
tural leaven was introduced into the colonies, one that tended
to fortify Jewish tradition besides. The Yemenites are
typically stiflnecked Jews. They claim a history of twenty-
four centuries in the Dispersion. Yet they " return ^' to the
Holy Land as inveterately Jewish as though they had never
been *' exiled " from close communion with the stock of their
people. Constituted as they are, tenaciously and loyally
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 97
Jewish, intellectually alert, Arabic in speech and habit, accus-
tomed to work in field and shop, they are destined, unless all
signs fail, to be a cement between Arab and Jew, between the
industrially-minded Jew of the city and the agriculturally-
minded Jew of the country, between Sefardi and Ashkenazi.
The above picture of the Jewish village in Palestine is far
from complete. Enumerations and descriptions are inade-
quate to convey its spirit. To learn its flavor one must spend
a Sabbath in Zichron Jacob, or Eehobot, or Ekron. It is a
Jewish flavor. The spirit of the Sabbath rest descends on the
village early Friday afternoon. The laborers hasten home
from the fields several hours sooner than on other days.
Family groups, decked out in half-Sabbath finery, gather on
the porches around the tea urn. Except that the children,
released from school earlier than on the ordinary week-day,
may be heard singing Hebrew songs as they run in and out of
the plantations, an expectant hush lies upon the village. The
Sabbath bride is about to arrive. And when she is there,
throughout the following day, the place is pervaded by her
presence. At the times of rejoicing, Simhat Torah and Purim,
all the villagers unite in celebrating them. The festive table
is not spread in the houses, but on the open street, and the
choruses fill the air. Even those who came from densely-
populated Jewish quarters in Polish and Eussian cities, or
from towns and villages all but entirely Jewish — even they,
raised in the atmosphere of a compact Jewish community life,
maintain that this is a different Sabbath from any they ever
knew. What is the Sabbath spice? Is it the out-ofrdoors
which the Jew has at last recaptured? — the out-of-doors
known by his ancestor who sang the Song of Songs?
Digitized by
Google
98 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
THE URBAN DEVELOPMENT
Growth of the Cities— The New Settlement in the Cities — ^The
Halukkah — History of the Halukkah — ^Messengers — Distribu-
tion of the Halukkah — Defects of Organization — Central Com-
mittee of Halukkah — The American Kolel — ^The Hasidic Kolel
— ^Activities of the Kolelim — Philanthropic Institutions — Soup
Kitchens — Visiting Nurses — The Housing Problem — Judah
Touro — The Hospices of the Kolelim— Urban "ColonieB" —
" Quarters " — Tel-Abib in Jaffa— Other Jafta Suburbs— Herze-
lia in Haifa — Improvements near Tiberias — ^Retail Business —
Handicrafts: Alliance — Bezalel — Home Industries — Abra-
ham's Vineyard — Other Industrial Opportunities — ICA Loan
Bank — ^Trades and Industries — ^Recent Relations between the
Two Settlements.
*' If you want cities, create villages/' Doctor Franz Oppen-
heimer's rule, he himself holds, has been exemplified in Pales-
tine. In 1881 Jerusalem is said to have had 35,000 inhabit-
ants, of whom about 12,000 were Jews; in 1914, 50,000 Jews
out of 100,000 inhabitants were attributed to it. Jaffa had
5000 Jews in 1905, by 1910 it had twice five thousand. Haifa
had only 2000 out of 20,000 in 1910, but it has been growing
at a rapid rate since then. The significant point is that the
increase in Jewish city populations corresponds to the develop-
ment of the rural colonization work.
It was said above that of the 100,000 Jews in Palestine now
(1914), 85,000 are living in twelve cities. They are Jeru-
salem, Jaffa, (Jaza, Hebron, Ramleh, Beer-Sheba, Safed,
Tiberias, Haifa, Saida (Sidon), Accho, and Shefa Amr. The
four "holy cities,'^ Jerusalem, Hebron, Safed, and Tiberias,
contain over 80^ of all city-dwelling Jews, and nearly 70j^ of
all Jews, in Palestine.
These four cities are still the citadels of the Old Settlement.
Yet the new spirit is beginning to make its way even into them.
Considering them either impregnable or negligible, the New
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 99
Settlement long made no attempt to woo or to assail them.
The immigrant into Palestine that desired to lead a normal
city life settled in Jafifa, as the phenomenal growth of its Jew-
ish population shows. Close as we are to our generation's
activiiy, it is impossible to determine whether Old Jerusalem
made the advances to the New Settlement, or vice versa.
Suffice it to say that the New Settlement has dropped its real
or assumed indifference, and that the Holy City has become
hospitable to the new, without disavowing its old, ideals.
There was never, of course, any intention on the part of the
New Settlement to discredit the religious aspirations of the
Old. Its objection was and is to the methods of the Halukkah,
the ** division '' of the moneys gathered from all over the world,
wherever Jews dwell, for the support of their brethren leading
a life of study and prayer in the Holy Land. On two grounds
the religionists claim tiie support as their right; they consider
themselves, as was said before, the *^ representatives '^ of the
Jews in the Dispersion ; and, in so far as they are aged, they
receive only that which would have been granted to them had
they remained in their communities abroad. As a matter of
fact, not all the members of the Old Settlement are advanced
in years; nor on the other hand are they all Halukkah
recipients. Some are supplied with means by their relatives
left behind in Occidental countries ; some draw a revenue from
their investments in Palestine or in their former homes ; some
follow a trade or have a business on which they depend, or with
which they eke out the small stipend allotted to them in the
*^ division.'*
Past and present circumstances being what they are, the
shrewdest observers of Palestine life hold that what is needed is
not the withdrawal of the Halukkah, as the impatient critic
Digitized by
Google
100 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
insists, but rather its increase, and that it be organized and
applied wisely. But a thoroughgoing organization of the
Halukkah implies a far-reaching reform ^^ outside of the land ^'
as well as iii Palestine : Outside the methods of collection are
questionable ; inside the methods of distribution.
The Halukkah, it may not be forgotten, has a long history
that accounts in part for its blemishes. By some its warrant is
sought as far back as the Biblical custom of sending gifts to
the Temple at Jerusalem. At all events, from the earliest
days of the Dispersion the scattered sons of Israel voluntarily
remembered the needs of the remnant in the home-land.
Especially the academies were the object of their solicitude.
Their contributions, at first a freewill offering, became a
tribute, and when saints and scholars " returned ^^ to Palestine,
• and founded settlements, they sent messengers abroad, to
remind the others of the need of their " representatives ^* and
their own duty in the premises. One of them, in the seven-
teenth century, adduced the example of Christians toward their
recluses in Palestine as worthy of imitation by Jews.
This was the beginning of the system of MeshuUahim.
The messengers confined themselves at first to Turkey and
^gypt- I^ t^6 fifteenth century they went to European coun-
tries, their chief centers being London, Amsterdam, Venice,
and Leghorn. In the middle of the eighteenth century they
extended their operations to the Levant, Germany, Prance,
Bussia, Poland, and America. Ezra Stiles in his Diary men-
tions three in the United States: Moses Malkin in 1759,
Hayyim Isaac Karigal in 1771-1773, and Samuel Cohen in
1775. Before the end of another century the relation of the
Meshullah to the Palestine community had been put on a
definite business basis, and he had added South Africa and
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE IQl
Australia to his bailiwick. But scarcely had he made the
whole Jewish world his sphere, when he began to lose caste.
He came to be regarded widely as the sign of slipshod waste-
fulness and disorganization. That he was at the same time
the symbol of a cosmopolitan outlook, of invincible idealism
on the part of the Jewish masses, and of a Jewish solidarity
that mocked at physical dispersion — this counted for less and
less as more developed means of communication brought the
ends of the earth closer together, and dispelled the glamour
of the Orient that had hung about the person of the messenger.
The " begging letters,^^ one of the developed means of commu-
nication substituted for the human messenger, accorded no
better with the modern sense for order. So it came about
that many Jews in Western Europe after 1860 made the
Alliance Israelite Universelle their only Palestine almoners.
It gave public accountings of its funds, a strong recommenda-
tion, even if its undertakings had not been another. That —
an auditing system — is the Halukkah's prime requisite for
the present in the centers of collection.
The distribution of the Halukkah in Palestine has still more
serious aspects. One is tempted to the paradox that it has
never been so disorganizing as when it has set to work to
organize itself. Prom the thirteenth to the eighteenth century
the collections as well as the semi-annual distributions were
wholly in the hands of the Sef ardim. As a means of increasing
their tribute the Ashkenazim separated from the Sefardim.
Alone they could assert more vigorously their claim upon
the support of their former Jewish countrymen, if not on
religious, then on purely charitable grounds. The expe-
dient was successful. The Ashkenazim themselves split
up into groups according to their provenance. Now, after
Digitized by
Google
102 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
a hundred years, there are at least thirty Ashkenazic
Kolelim, "congregations/^ some of them consisting of not
more than a hundred members, as, for instance, the Kolel of
Maramaros, a town in Hungary, and some of even a far
smaller number. The Kolelim have their separate systems of
collection and distribution, with separate Talmud Torahs,
Yeshibot, conventicles or synagogues, and sometimes separate
communal institutions, especially congregate houses in which
their clients may live rent-free for given periods.
The whole number of Halukkah recipients falls short of
30,000, for whom, it is asserted, the Kolelim have at their
disposal $300,000 annually. Other estimates put the figure
at $600,000. Either sum compares well with the 10,000 lire
reported by the seventeenth-century MeshuUah mentioned
before. In 1909 the Kolel Galizia alone distributed $63,036.
However that may be, the sums are nevertheless not adequate
to the need. According to a computation, made in 1912, there
are Kolelim that dole out not more than $1.50 a year to their
members; in one the annual stipend rises as high as $72. In
making the distribution, some take into consideration the
number of children in a family, so that no fair average can be
struck. Only in the case of three Kolelim, comprising less
than 3300 persons, does the individual quota insure even a
meager living.
The prevailing system thus necessitates the formation of a
new Kolel by arrivals not fortunate enough to have been bom
in centers already represented by Kolelim, as rigid in their
membership requirements as the medieval guild. The Sefar-
dim are shut out entirely from the large Ashkenazic Haluk-
kah system. They have their own still more inadequate
Halukkah, drawn from Tripolis, Tunis, Morocco, and Egypt.
Digitized by
Google
REX3BNT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 103
Their practice is to distribute the moneys only among their
leaders, the Hakamim, and among widows and orphans. And
both the Ashkenazic and Sefardic systems disregard the
Yemenites, the Persians, and all the small Oriental groups.
It is obvious that organization so understood must lead to
injustice, jealousy, recrimination, and pauperization in the
worst form, especially when it carries with it largely a system
of bookkeeping in Palestine as well as in the centers of collec-
tion that disregards the safeguard of publiciiy. In a word, a
healthy, self-reliant, communal development is impossible.
The only large urban Palestinian center in which Jewish social
life approaches the normal is Jaffa. It is not the only one free
from the Halukkah incubus, but being free from it, it is
significant that it is the only one in which the Ashkenazic and
Sefardic sections form a single community governed by a
joint committee.
Leaders of the Halukkah have themselves realized its grave
defects. In 1866 a Waad ha-Kelali (Waad kol ha-Kolelim), a
Central Committee of the Kolelim, was created, to represent
the public interests common to all the Ashkenazim, as well as
the interests of those in need of relief who have no Kolel
attachment, always barring the Sef ardim. For a short period,
this Central Committee, acting under pressure with regard to
the contributions from America, at that time not represented
by a Kolel, did partial justice even to the Sefardim, and in
1885 it introduced a revised system of bookkeeping with public
accountings.
The funds from America half a century ago came primarily
from two societies, the North American Eelief Society for the
Indigent Jews of Palestine (incorporated in 1853), and the
New York Society for the Eelief of the Poor in Palestine.
Digitized by
Google
104 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Their activities were supplemented by general collections. In
time the number of American applicants to the Halukkah
increased, and after much opposition the American Kolel,
Tiferet Yerushalaim, was formed in 1895. The revenues
from the United States and Canada all go to the Waad ha-
Kelali. It devotes two-thirds to general purposes, and one-
third is paid out to the 485 persons comprising the American
Kolel. This surprisingly public-spirited arrangement was
probably suggested by the circumstance that most of the con-
tributors on this side of the Atlantic are recent immigrants
from the centers that support the earlier Kolelim, which ought
not to be made to suffer by the accident of a change of habita-
tion on the part of the givers. The amount of the American
collection is not known, though there are sure indications that
it is large. At all events, the American Kolel is one of the
three that grants an income to its members halfway adequate
for decent living, though it is not the richest. That distinc-
tion belongs to the one called HoD, an abbreviation for Hol-
land-Deutschland (Germany). With the Hungarian Kolel
HoD shares another distinction, that of having adopted an
improved system, partly of auditing, partly of distribution,
partly of general government.
The Waad ha-Kelali has not remained master of the situa-
tion even so far as America is concerned. That came about
in this way: Kolel lines are drawn to mark not only geo-
graphical, but also religious groupings. The HaBaD (the
initial letters of the three Hebrew words for wisdom, under-
standing, and knowledge) is a Hasidic body. The other
Ashkenazim are Perushim. Recognizing that immigration
had taken a large Hasidic constituency to America, the HaBaD
cut loose from the Waad ha-Kelali, and arranged to make
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 105
independent appeals to the American Jews under what may
be described as its jurisdiction. In other words, though
Dvinsk, Minsk, and Pinsk, for example, are represented by
Kolelim, the Hasidim of these cities pay allegiance to the
HaBaD.
The disorganizing influence of the Halukkah affects Tibe-
rias, Safed, and Hebron, with their 20,000 Jews, as it affects
Jerusalem with its 50,000. They too have their divisions
and subdivisions and separate and multiplied institutions, and
the poverty in all is abject.
In picturing the communal situation in Jerusalem — the
typical " holy city ^^ — one must not forget that the " division ''
of funds among their constituencies does not exhaust the
activities of the Kolelim. They support Yeshibot, Talmud
Torahs, and synagogues ; sometimes they have their own — ^f or
instance, the Hungarian Kolel has three Yeshibot. They
maintain almshouses, which will be dealt with presently. A
few have loan societies, one of them specifically for the bene-
fit of mechanics; some provide medical service; one has a
clinic; the Kolel Galizia performs the duties of a Hebra
Kadisha for the scholars in the community; finally, some
assign support to the philanthropic institutions, the hospitals,
the orphan asylums, and the Old Folks^ Homes. These insti-
tutions, however, derive only the smallest part of their income
from the Kolelim. Most of it comes direct to them from the
outside, either through general collections made specifically for
them or from the societies that have founded them, as, for
example, is the case with the German hospital Shaare Zedek
and the Eye Clinic Le-Maan Zion, both originated and cared
for by societies having their seat in Frankfort-on-the-Main.
In all it is computed that the revenues of the Old Settlement,
Digitized by
Google
106 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
its Koleliin and its institutions, reach the sum of $1,000,000
annually.
In Jerusalem there are four hospitals, as many orphan
asylums, an insane asylum, two Old Folks^ Homes, a blind
asylum, and the eye-clinic just mentioned. Jaffa has an
inadequate hospital; Haifa a new one, small but well-con-
ducted; Safed has a hospital building, unequipped and there-
fore unavailable; Hebron is about to replace its small build-
ing by one larger and better; Tiberias is wholly destitute of
hospital facilities, only comparatively recently the HoD has
been stationing physicians and nilrses there ; finally, several of
the colonies have hospital buildings. In Jerusalem the Ash-
kenazim have their own institutions, and the Sefardim theirs,
but neither, nor the two together, can '* compete '' with the
opportunities offered by the missionaries. Not a single one of
their institutions — ^they are all indispensable — ^is equal to the
legitimate calls made upon it. Most of them are imsatisf actory
as to equipment and administration; and if the appointments
in one or another meet the requirements of science and human-
ity, it is sure not to be sufficiently endowed to take in as many
applicants as its space permits. There is not one that is not
a monument to the selfless devotion of one or many individuals,
and there is not one that is not struggling under a burden of
accumulated debt or a lamentably insufficient income.
The oldest charity in Jerusalem is the Kuppat-Tamhui, a
public kitchen. For reasons growing out of conditions in the
city and in the land the distribution of free meals is funda-
mentally a necessary institution. Many of the schools, the
Talmud Torahs and some of the modem institutions as well,
provide them for their pupils. Along this line the most notable
contribution to Palestinian charity in latter years has been
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 107
made from America, in the Nathan Straus Soup Eatehen, or
Relief Station, which, since 1912, has been dispensing food
daily, including Matzot at Passover, to from four to five hun-
dred of the old, the feeble, and the sick folk of Jerusalem.
The utility of this work has been demonstrated particularly
since the war cut Palestine off from the revenues usually
flowing into the land from Central Europe and Eussia. It
is reported that since last August the usual number of bene-
ficiaries of the Straus Soup Kitchen has been increased to at
least a thousand a day.
Another recent imdertaking is the Visiting Nurses^ Settle-
ment of the American Women^s Zionist organization Hadassah.
It has established a midwives^ service, enabling Jewish women
to refrain from resorting to the English Missionary Hospital,
the only maternity in Jerusalem. Besides, its two nurses and
several caretakers are detailed for duty in nineteen schools,
to look after the general health of the pupils, more particularly
to take care of their eyes, by way of supplementing the work of
the Le-Maan Zion Eye Clinic, whose physician directs the
examinations for trachoma and other eye diseases in the
schools; and general district nursing is done by them at the
Settlement and in aU parts of the city under the direction
of the physician of the Eothschild Hospital. The organization
is supported by groups of men and women in Chicago and
Pittsburgh as well as by its own Zionist branches, and that it
could put its plans into operation in Jerusalem and have two
nurses at work there at the time when this came about, was
due to the personal co-operation and the substantial support
of Mr. and Mrs. Nathan Straus, who, besides, fitted up the
Settlement House in Jerusalem. The ultimate object of the
Society is the establishment of a Nurses^ Training School.
Digitized by
Google
108 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
When the New Settlement arrived in the "eighties/^ the
Jerusalem they came to was to all intents and purposes the
(dty described above. A few of the charitable institutions
enumerated have been founded since then, and a few Kolelim
have sprung up, but on the whole the communal traditions
were fixed. Occupied with the complexities of its own situa-
tion, the New Settlement could not be expected to tackle the
older abuses. In one respect, however, it was forced to take
immediate action, but there, it happens, the Old Settlement
had done preliminary work, in which an American had an
initial share.
Nothing in Palestine, in city or in country, has been more
serious than the housing problem, and that seems to have been
understood or divined by Judah Touro, the American philan-
thropist, who died in 1854. In his will, he left a sum of
$60,000 as a trust fund for the erection of almshouses in
Jerusalem. The trust was administered by Sir Moses Monte-
fiore and the North American Eelief Society for the Indigent
Jews of Jerusalem. This explains why the group of twenty or
more dwellings to the southwest of Jerusalem is known as
the " Montefiore Almshouses,^^ instead of by Judah Touro's
name.
The noteworthy implications are that nearly sixty years ago
it should have been discerned that a fundamental need was
dwellings for the Jews, and that the trustees of Judah
Touro^s bequest should have had the sagacity and perhaps the
boldness to build the hospices beyond the walls that mark the
boundaries of the Inner City, several miles away from the
specific Jewish quarter. This original ^' Montefiore Colony,"
with its windmill making it a landmark, has remained all
but an isolated group on the Hebron road. But on the
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 109
Jaffa road, leading westward from the city, and to the north
beyond the Damascus Gate, Jewish " colony ^^ after Jewish
" colony ^^ has arisen, until the Jewish city beyond the walls
is three times as large as the city within the walls.
To know what this expansion means one must have been in
the dark courts within courts, with their cave-like, windowless
dwellings, in the Maghrebi (Moroccan) quarter in the Inner
City, or in the underground chambers in Tiberias into which
men and women and their children and their herds of goats
disappear together as night falls.
The " Montefiore Colony ^' pointed the way in two directions.
The almshouse idea was taken up by the Kolelim. Many of
them have built and now maintain congregate houses or hos-
pices. The HaBaD has nine in different parts of the city; the
Grodno Kolel has two, one in the city, one beyond the walls.
In most instances the regulation is that a family may occupy
one of these "cells" rent-free for a period of three years.
Then it must vacate the little shelter to make room for another
applicant. The wealthier Kolelim build separate houses,
grouped together in one locality : the Warsaw Kolel has 68 such
houses, the Himgarian 240. In most instances the Kolelim
have received special donations for the purpose. Three Amer-
icans, Marks Nathan, of Chicago, Moses Alexander and Moses
M. Vodner, of New York, are responsible the first for 50
houses, the second for 20, and the third for 20.
There are, in addition, other " colonies," which are wholly
independent of the Kolelim and of charity. They antedate the
New Settlement, but they have multiplied greatly with it and
through it. The largest and one of the earliest of this type is
Meah Shearim, "the hundred-gated," begun in 1860. A
group of a hundred men formed an association with dues of
Digitized by
Google
110 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
about $40 annually; land was bought and ten houses built
each year. As soon as ten were ready for occupancy they were
assigned to the members by lot. Those provided with houses
paid rent amounting to .20^ of their former annual contribu-
tion, while the rest continued to pay the full quota. After
all were housed, the surplus was used for public improvements,
for keeping the streets in repair, building a synagogue and
bath, but particularly erecting a wall around the Settlement,
the gates of which were locked at night — an indication of the
danger of living outside of the walls in those days. The
original hundred tenants have been more than doubled, and
the Meah Shearim mutual building association has had many
imitators. Later on the idea was taken up as a business
venture, and speculation in land and buildings became rife.
Similar to Meah Shearim are the four " colonies ^^ — a mis-
nomer that has established itself in Palestinian parlance — ^that
have been built with the aid of the Testimonial Fund to Sir
Moses Montefiore, which at his urgence was devoted to public
works for the improvement of the condition of the Jews in
the Holy Land. Its revenues have been applied partly as a
loan fund to the purpose of house-building. A non-interest
bearing loan is granted to a building association, the amount
varying in proportion to the association's own capital. The
loan is to be returned in fifteen years, the first installment being
payable in five years. In its time the Anglo-Palestine Bank
entered the field on somewhat the same plan, and earlier the
ICA on its own account put up workingmen's houses primarily
for the employees of the Alliance weaving establishment. The
ICA ^' colony,^' called Nahalat Zion, first contemplated thirty
houses ; the great number of applicants compelled an enlarge-
ment of the plan. The tenants are given the chance of becom
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE m
ing the owners on easy terms. Naturally all such colonies arc
provided with cisterns^ a sewer system^ and other public im-
provements. A second quarter, Nahalat Zadok, erected by the
ICA, on a different plan, has in view business men as tenants.
Another sort of "colonies'' owes its existence to the
tendency of Jews from one or another cily or country to flock
together. Thus arose the various Yemenite quarters, the
Persian quarter, sometimes referred to as the Tin Quarter,
a part of the building material being Standard Oil Company's
cans, the TJrfali quarter, and the only handsome one, the
Bokhara quarter, in which there are "residences" built as
wealth and taste dictate.
In Jaffa the housing-problem was equally acute. Here the
Sefardic Jews had exercised foresight. Long ago they went
forth from the two Jewish quarters of the town, and secured
plots on the sandy shores of the Mediterranean. Their pru-
dence has been rewarded. After the opening of the Jaffa-
Jerusalem road in 1892, the cily spread phenomenally. In
1881 there had been 10,000 inhabitants; in 1892, 23,000, and
at present their number exceeds 60,000. Sents leaped higher
and higher. A co-operative building association was formed
by Jews in 1906. Nothing was done until, in 1909, the
National Fund, making another departure from its original
policy, extended a loan of $48,000 to the Ahuzat Bayyit. As
though by magic there grew up a Jewish suburb, Tel-Abib,
of which a traveler writes : " I must confess that I have not
seen anywhere in the Orient (including Cairo) so healthy,
dustless, trim, and beautiful a quarter It owes its
existence to money and organizing talent. It is Hebrew all
the way through, and it is amazing to see the self-possession
of these hitherto cowed Eussian Jews. The erect carriage
Digitized by
Google
112 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
of the younger generation is admirable. Their melancholy
expression is disappearing. One sees handsome, gay people,
enthusiastic and industrious. The children were frolicking on
the streets, in masks — it was Purim.^' ....
Tel-Abib is a wholly Jewish suburb shut off from trafl&c
from sundown on Friday to sundown on Saturday. The,
streets are lined with trees, the water supply is ample, the
concrete houses are square-set and surrounded by garden
plots, and the public improvements are modem. With the
city of Jaffa twenty minutes off, the suburb by the sea is con-
nected by means of an omnibus, running every ten minutes.
Many of the public buildings of the Jaffa Jewish community
are there: the great schools, the Palestine Office, and the
office of the Odessa Committee, and others are contemplated :
a synagogue, a hospital, a hotel, and a Jewish "city-hall,"
for the transaction of aU matters of business between the
Turkish Government and the Jewish community. The chief
official that conducts the (Jovemmental business is called
mukhtar, as in the colonies. Hitherto his fimctions have been
confined to dealings with the Jews of Ottoman citizenship, but
since the system of Capitulations has been abrogated, his
sphere must be considerably larger. And if Ottomanization
increases among Jews as heretofore, a community like that of
Tel-Abib will soon, under the Turkish administrative system,
have its own Mayor and large liberties in municipal regulation.
For its internal affairs, Tel-Abib has a Waad of seven, chosen
at a general assembly of all the residents, whether owners of
houses or lots or only tenants, provided they have rented and
occupied two rooms and a kitchen for at least a year. There
are considerably more than a thousand residents, and the
budget for 1913 was $3618.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 113
Tel-Abib has not appeased the house-hunger of the Jaffa
Jews. The gymnasium has drawn to the city a large number
of Russian Jews who desire to give their children an education.
They clamor for dwellings almost as insistently as the
Yemenites. Already a second quarter, Nahalat Benjamin, has
been undertaken for artisans, clerks, and merchants. It is
adjacent to Tel-Abib, and again the National Fund has
extended credit to the builders. The criticism has been made
that the conditions of the contracts between the members of the
building association and the National Fund operating through
the bank have not been suflSciently exacting. Though Tel-Abib
is handsome and hygienically constructed, it is so by a happy
accident. The critics of the National Fund desire truly
" restricted suburbs," in which the loan-extending body shall
take upon itself the functions of a municipality, regulating the
width of the streets, the height of the houses, the construction
of the drainage system, etc. Above all there has been adverse
criticism pn the score of the National Fundus having omitted
to determine the time within which houses should be erected
on the plots acquired with its loans. The result of the omis-
sion is that some of the building lots have remained unim-
proved, and the land has risen to three or four times its first
value. Thus the National Fund has aided its clients, not to
secure a home, which was its object, but to make a snug profit
through speculation, while many would-be residents had per-
force to be turned away.
A second building association, operating under private
auspices, contemplates a quarter on land bought from the
Geulah. Its plan is to connect Tel-Abib with the two old Jew-
ish quarters in Jaffa proper. The buildings will be constructed
for business purposes, with a view to the need of merchants.
Digitized by
Google
114 AMEIRICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Finally, in 1913, work was begun in the suburb Hebrah
Hadashah, close to Tel-Abib, with its main street to run along
the Mediterranean shore.
The "restricted suburb ^^ idea may be realized in Haifa,
where the quarter Herzelia has been started on the side of
Carmel by the building association Ahawat Ahim. It pur-
chased its land from the Eeal Estate Company Palastina, a
share company with rigid regulations. Parcels of land, if not
improved within a stated period, may be bought back by the
company on stipulated .terms. The owners of lots must agree
to contribute to certain public expenditures, as police, water,
sewer, illumination, streets, park, and taxes. The height of the
houses and their other dimensions are limited, and their place
is defined in relation to the street. The purchaser imdertakes
not to maintain a factory, shop, or store on his premises, and to
build his outhouses with due regard to cleanliness and health.
In case of sale, the Eeal Estate Company has the first option,
and if it does not exercise it, and the house and lot are sold
to a third party, he must be made to accept the regulations
agreed to by the original owner, or the sale is invalid.
Herzelia is well under way. Some of the houses were com-
pleted a few years ago, and no sooner finished than they were
occupied. It has a Jewish hotel, too, one of the desiderata in
all the Jewish centers in Palestine.
&oon Jerusalem will have in addition to its " colonies *' a
modern suburb, like Haifa^s Herzelia and Jaffa^s Tel-Abib,
Nahalat Benjamin, Shaarayim, and Hebrah Hadashah. Steps
have already been taken to build it. Then Safed and Tiberias
will not be able to resist long. The modern spirit will pierce
to them and make of them abodes worthy of the charms that
nature has conferred upon them — the one perched high in
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROaRBSS IN PALESTINE US'
rugged GaUlee, the other set on the shores of the azure, hill-
girt Harp-Lake.
If Tiberias refuses to follow the example set by her sister
" holy city '' Jerusalem, her stubboriiiiess will have to yield to
the changes encroaching upon her borders. Already a motor
boat plies between the town at the northwestern end of the Sea
and Semakh, the railroad station of the Haifa-Damascus Eail-
road at the southern end. The same railroad is about to throw
out a branch southward from Merhawiah, and connect Haifa
with Nablus and Jerusalem. Not far from Semakh is the
National Fund Farm Kinneret, one part of which is a
peninsula extending into the Jordan, the site of the ancient
city of Tarichaea. There, at Kerak, the Palestine Land Devel-
opment Company is planning a winter resort. In twenty
minutes by motor boat, the visitors may reach the hot springs
lying on the western shore of the Sea south of Tiberias, between
it and Kinneret. To the north, opposite Kerak, across the Sea,
and beyond the Upper Galilean hills and the Lebanon range,
rises the snow-capped Hermon, while all around a tropical
vegetation grows rank. From the ten or more Galilean colonies
milk, eggs, butter, poultry, and vegetables can easily be
brought, not only to the tourists at Kerak, but also to the puny
babies at Tiberias in the dark, slimy, vaulted streets or in the
cave-like chambers below the level of the street. When Tiberias
was founded, it was declared unclean, because it was the site
of a cemetery. It became later the synonym for the study and
the interpretation of the law; the seat of legend hallowed by
the memory of Eabbi Meir Baal ha-Ness; the reputed burial-
place of great scholars; and the refuge of saints and mystics.
To-day its heritage is, besides the Halukkah collected in
the Eabbi Meir Baal ha-Ness '^pushkes,'^ only malaria and
Digitized by
Google
•116 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
misery; it is unclean because it is in the clutches of dire
poverty. The currents of the young Palestinian Jewish life
should soon gather impetus enough to sweep away all this
hideousness, and in restoring beauty and charm to their own
revitalize the traditions of the place into modern motive forces.
The housing problem shares the place of prime importance
in the Palestinian cities with the problem of creating oppor-
tunities for work. The retail business is naturally restricted.
In Jaffa and Haifa many of the shops on the main streets are
in Jewish hands. In Jerusalem there are stationers, druggists,
clothing, dry goods, and linen merchants, dealers in building
materials (largely cement in recent years), booksellers, dealers
in olive wood and other souvenirs, and of course dealers in
Jewish religious articles. There are also five insurance offices
and several private banks.
To the Alliance Israelite Universelle belongs the credit for
having taken the first effective step towards the introduction
of handicrafts. As early as 1882 it opened a well-equipped and
adequately subsidized trade school in Jerusalem, for carpentry,
cabinet-making, wood-carving, weaving, dyeing, machine con-
struction, and aU sorts of smithies — blacksmithing, copper-
smithing, and locksmithing. The object was to train appren-
tices, and its success has been admirable so far as the manual
skill of its graduates is concerned. Unfortunately the spirit
that sent so many of the pupils of the Alliance Agricultural
School at Mikweh Israel out of Palestine, prevailed here too,
and with the same deplorable result. The girls^ industrial
school was of more benefit to the community, though the hair
net industry, dressmaking, and embroidery, the subjects
taught, afford only a pittance.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 117
• The next attempt at industrial training was not made for
nearly a quarter of a century. In the interval there had been
great progress. Mr. Boris Schatz, in his Bezalel School for
arts and crafts, keeps his eye constantly on the land and the
material he has to deal with. The consequence is that instead
of exporting trained men, he exports goods. He teaches carpet-
weaving, filigree silver work, beaten copper and brass work,
ivory carving, lithography, lace-making, and other related
subjects. In a few years his school, which is built on National
Fund land and with the assistance of the National Fimd,
occupied 430 persons, who earned, in 1912, $27,000 in wages,
while the sale of the products amounted to $50,000. Their
work, as in the Alliance school, is sold, the Society backing
Mr. Schatz's efforts having succeeded in securing a market for
his wares in a number of the large European centers. In the
school building there are two Jewish museums, one of Jewish
antiquities and art objects, the other a collection of the flora
and fauna of Palestine, the only natural history museum in
Palestine proper. To these two museums the pupils are taught
to resort for the motives to be elaborated in their work. In
both schools a beneficial change has recently been made, by
which the educational undertaking is separated from the
industrial. The Bezalel Workshops, Ltd., is to be conducted
wholly on a commercial basis.
It will be recalled that the Bezalel co-operated with the
National Fund in establishing an industrial colony at Ben
Shamen, where twelve families of Yemenites are securing a
livelihood by means of truck-farming as well as filigree work
and carpet-weaving. So also in Jerusalem the Bezalel has
introduced home industries. Carpet-weaving is done at the
homes of some of the workers, and the needle lace peculiar to
Digitized by
Google
118 AMEIRICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
the Orient at others. For the introduction of the latter, ifbt
only in Jerusalem, but also in Jaffa, Saf ed, and Tiberias, credit
is due to the Verband jiidischer Frauen fiir Kulturarbeit in
Palastina. About four hundred girls are engaged in the
industry, earning from forty to seventy-five cents a week, and
the most skilled forty cents a day.- The same needle lace,
together with embroidery, dressmaking, and plain sewing, is
taught also at the Evelina de Eothschild School, and in the
Alliance Girls^ Schools throughout the country.
In the Bezalel filigree and copper and brass workshops, as
well as in the Alliance weaving establishment, Yemenites are
employed in large numbers. Here as in the colonies they are
docile, skillful, and industrious. They bring artisan habits
with them from Arabia ; there too they were carpenters, masons,
blacksmiths, goldsmiths, tanners, metal workers, and shoe-
makers. It is the merit of a Christian woman, Mrs. Finn, the
widow of the sometime British Consul to Jerusalem, to have
been the first to find work for the quick fingers of the Yemen-
ites. On her beautiful property close to Jerusalem called
Abraham^s Vineyard, she has been employing Yemenites since
first they came to Palestine, in the quarry there and in the little
olive soap factory. By the way it should be noted that some of
the masonry work in Palestine is done by Jews, especially by
the Yemenites.
The idea of industrial opportunily and industrial training
has taken root. Mr. Nathan Straus established, in 1913, in
connection with his Belief Station, workshops for unskilled
persons. They were taught to make mother-of-pearl beads,
a profitable industry up to that time carried on exclusively by
the people of Bethlehem, who had guarded the secret of their
manufacture jealously. From beads the step was taken to
■ Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 119
the making of pearl buttons, which appeal to a larger market
than that created by the tourist. The shop gives work to a
considerable number of the unemployed. The hope is that
the imdertaking will in time be self-supporting.
The women of the Ezrat Nashim Society of Jerusalem have
opened industrial and domestic training classes for girls; and
in Safed the B'nai B^rith established a manual training school.
Three other attempts at industrial training should be men-
tioned more explicitly, because they are the creations of the
Halukkah circles on their own behalf. In Jaffa, in 1906, a
handicrafts school, Bet Melakah, was organized by an orthodox
society, Shomre Torah, for youths of indifferent endowment
and taste for Talmud study. Besides the lessons in the iron-
forge and the carpenter^s shop, they are taught drawing,
mathematics, physics, etc., and only a few hours a day are
devoted to the Talmud. The school has manufactured large
and expensive iron pieces of workmanlike character. Jeru-
salem followed the example of Jaffa. In 1908, the HoD
established the Darke Hayyim, a manual trade school on the
same lines as the Jaffa school. Finally, the Mahaseh le-
Yetomim, better known as the Diskin Orphanage, a Kolel
institution in every sense and implication of the word, has
opened three classes, for tailoring, shoemaking, and Torah-
writing. This is the application of Halukkah funds that
friends of Palestine now have in mind, and that should go
hand in hand with their increase, if the blot on Palestine life
is ever to be wiped off. As one writer phrases it, "The
Halukkah must help to abolish the Halukkah.^^
The IC A also has made a small contribution to the industrial
development of Jerusalem, by furnishing knitting machines
on easy terms, and a large contribution, by establishing a loan
Digitized by
Google
120 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
bank for merchants and artisans. The figures for 1911 rela-
tive to the latter are instructive: On January 1, there were
501 borrowers on its books; of these 143 paid up wholly by the
end of the year their indebtedness of $5248. In the meantime
there were 170 new borrowers, who, with the 358 left over,
owed the bank $22,271.76. Of the 170 new borrowers, 86
were Ashkenazim, 48 Sefardim, and 36 Yemenites, 63 being
merchants, as against 107 artisans.
What coidd have been the trades of these one hundred and
seven artisans ? According to the report of the French consul
for 1907-1908, quoted by Mr. Nawratzki, there were six thou-
sand Jewish workmen in Jerusalem : joiners, masons, painters,
cobblers, tailors, turners, printers, bookbinders, millers,
weavers, goldsmiths, watchmakers, saddlers, wagon-builders,
mattress-makers, carvers, paperhangers, coppersmiths, Sefer
Torah scribes, etc. Their wages, the reporter maintains,
ranged from ten cents a day for glaziers to $1.50 for masons,
weavers, and founders.
In the country at large there are various industries in Jewish
hands, but all conducted on a small scale: In Artuf oil is
extracted from the thyme that grows wild there; the Petah
Tikwah experiment with geraniums has been mentioned; in
other colonies the castor oil plant is cultivated for commercial
purposes, and oil is extracted from sesame and olives. In
Jaffa, in Jerusalem, in Beer-Sheba, the last only lately be-
ginning to attain to importance, there are mills in Jewish
hands. Jaffa has a machine shop, a furniture factory, a tan-
nery, and motor works. In Haifa there is a foundry. Near
Ramleh a Jew has a lime-kiln. The wine and cognac industry
of the colonies has been described. Connected with it is the
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 121
manufacture of the barrels needed, as the manufacture of
boxes goes with the orange industry. The dairy industries are
growing, Safed is delivering cheese to Haifa and to Jeru-
salem. The Lower Galilean colonies are sending all kinds of
dairy products to Haifa. Recently, when, on account of con-
ditions incidental to the war, Daganiah on the Sea of Tiberias
was cut off from its market at Haifa, the colonists adjusted
themselves quickly to the situation. Instead of using the
railroad westward from Semakh, they used it eastward, and
transported the stock on hand to Damascus.
These are outward signs of normality. That there is an
inner rapprochement between the two Settlements auguring
well for an undivided communal life rests upon many intang-
ible manifestations. Formerly the " dying colony ^^ was only
a thorn in the side of the New Settlement. It is now prepared
to admit that without the deep religious enthusiasm of its
predecessor, the progress it is proud of, costly as it has been
in respect of every form of human devotion, might have re-
quired a thousand times more sacrifices. It recognizes that the
Old Settlement has performed the valuable service of linking
the New Settlement with the Jewish past in the Jewish land,
just as for centuries it had performed the other valuable service
of linking the Jewries of the world with one another through
the Jewish land. The Old Settlement, in turn, is relenting
towards the method and content of modem instruction. Ex-
communications are not so frequent as formerly. The Kolelim
themselves are encouraging trade education instead of threat-
ening the withdrawal of the Halukkah from those whose
children follow a secular occupation. Eabbi M. Lemer, of
Altona, has organized the Moriah " for the promotion of the
Digitized by
Google
122 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
agricultural colonization of Palestine on an orthodox religious
basis/' The Old Settlement realizes that its cherished object,
intense Jewishness in life and thought, is not subserved by
forcing all its youths to the Talmudic studies for which many
are not fitted. Above all it is conceded, even by some who are
concerned officially, that the Halukkah, the source of most of
the friction, stands in need of reform, and the existence of the
Mizrahi party within the Zionist movement is a guarantee of
future co-operation and amalgamation between the two sec-
tions of the community.
There have been signs of progress even in the matter of
centralized organization. As was mentioned before, the Jaffa
community is a unit. Sef ardim and Ashkenazim act together.
In Jerusalem, a few years ago, the collapse of one of the
largest charitable institutions produced an acute crisis in com-
munal affairs. The Waad ha-Kelali saw an opportunity in
favor of compacter organization. It appointed an executive
committee, a Waad ha-Ir, a city council. The move turned
out to be premature, chiefly because the new body had no funds
to apportion, as had been contemplated. But even the failure
is instructive as an indication of the temper of the leaders.
During the still acuter crisis produced by the present war, if
the reports that have reached the outside world suffice as a basis
for inferences, Jerusalem has learnt the need of a centralized
life. Bitter necessity may be welding the community into a
unit. To be sure, even though the immediate effect of hard-
ships be as satisfactory as described, it would be rash to jump
to the conclusion that the Kolel barriers are down for always.
The report is adduced only to show the trend that does actually
exist toward unified Jewish action.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 123
THE CULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Important Place of Palestine Cultural Development — Talmud
Torahs — ^L&mel School — ^Modernized Talmud Torahs — Hebrew
as the Language of Instruction — ^Hebrew in the Villages —
Alliance Israelite Unlverselle — Evelina de Rothschild School
— ^Hllfsvereln der deutschen Juden: Kindergartens — Second-
ary Schools — ^Higher Education — ^Higher Education In Jaffa —
Mizrahl School: Tahkemoni — Two New Settlement Schools
in Jerusalem — ^Jewish Institute for Technical Education —
Zionist Hebrew Schools — The Yeshlbot— Teachers' Union —
Libraries — Conservatories of Music— The Press — ^Publication
Societies — Propaganda for Sanitation — ^Jerusalem Water
Supply.
Since time immemorial ^' dry '' masonry has been in vogue in
Palestine. Wieldy blocks of the various kinds of stone, chalky
and basalt, quarried in the country are piled upon and next
to one another, with no sort of cement between them. The
method is still employed, particularly for inclosures. Bural
colonization, urban economic progress, industries, philan-
thropies, are such a dry-masonry structure of Palestinian
life. The mortar is supplied by its intellectual manifestations.
First and most important naturally is the educational system
in the restricted pedagogic sense.
The Yeshibot and the Talmud Torahs are as old as the Pal-
estinian Jewish Settlement itself. In a sense they are the
raison d'etre of its existence. Jewish lore and research were
to have a home peculiarly their own. The Kolelim stint their
members to maintain the schools. They go further ; they estab-
lish new ones in the face of the poverty of their constituents.
There is hardly a choice in the matter. As the outlying *' col-
onies '* spring up, miles distant from the Inner City, they must
be provided with school facilities. The Halukkah supporters
abroad abet the Kolelim in this purpose with at least as much
effectiyeness as in their relief work. But the zeal and the need
Digitized by
Google
124 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
of the Kolelim outstrip the interest or the means of those to
whom they appeal, for no cry from Palestine comes so insist-
ently as the cry for funds for the Yeshibot and the Talmud
Torahs.
Of Talmud Torahs there are in Jerusalem nine, with from
three to four thousand pupils, taught by upwards of one
hundred and fifty teachers. The Sefardim have their own, the
oldest of all; the Perushim among the Ashkenazim have theirs,
the largest of all, one with eight branches in as many " col-
onies^'; since 1886 the Hasidim have one, and so have the
Maghrebim, the Persians, the Yemenites, the Bokharans, and
the Grusinians. The Sefardic is the only one that deviates
from the curriculum of the usual type of Talmud Torah. It
adds Turkish, Arabic, and arithmetic to the Jewish religious
branches. The language of instruction is Yiddish in the
German institutions, Ladino, or Spagniol, in the Sefardic,
and Persian and Arabic in the others. Becently one of the
Sefardic schools has adopted Hebrew. The guess may be
hazarded that the sum total of the income of all together
does not exceed $35,000.
According to Nawratzki, there are in Jaffa 8 such Talmud
Torahs ; in Hebron, 4 ; in Haifa, 1 ; in Tiberias, 2 ; and in
Safed, 4; with 1380 pupils and 71 teachers.
The first protest against the system of instruction espoused
by the Talmud Torah, which denied absolutely the need of
even the most rudimentary secular education, was the Lamel
School (1856), mentioned in the introduction to this article.
The school was excommunicated by the Ashkenazic leaders, but
it received a warm welcome from the Sefardim, to whom its
European equipment must have made it a children's Paradise
after their Arab Kuttab, lacking light physically and method
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 125
spiritually. For over thirty years the Sefardim availed them-
selves of the opportunities it offered. Then, much depleted in
attendance, it was attached for a short time to the orphan
asylum founded by Frankfort Jews, and in 1011 it passed
under the jurisdiction of the Hilfsverein der deutschen Juden
as its Jerusalem boys^ school.
The protest embodied in the Lamel School entered Jerusa-
lem from the outside. Ten years later, in 1866, something in
the nature of a revolt from the inside brought about the estab-
lishment of the Bet ha-Midrash Doresh Zion, known in Jeru-
salem, from its founder, as the Blumenthal School. It had
two peculiarities, one pedagogic, the other fiscal. It made the
study of a European language compulsory, and it had a sinking
fund to draw upon. The revolt fared no better than the pro-
test : excommimication by the Ashkenazim, acceptance and use
by the Sefardim. Since 1911 the school is under the direction
of the HoD. The change of management will probably bring
it into line with the educational policy of the Freie Verein-
igung fur die Interessen des orthodoxen Judentums. This
Frankfort organization has been operating in the Holy Land
since 1909. It maintains an educational director, and has
established Talmud Torah schools in Petah Tikwah, Eishon
le-Zion, Ekron, Katra, and Haifa, in some of these places
supplanting former institutions of the kind, in others add-
ing a second to the one existing before. Besides these boys'
schools it has girls^ schools in Petah Tikwah and Ekron, the
former equipped with the domestic training outfit described in
a previous section. Its system of schools aims to keep in view
modem Palestinian needs ; the pupils are even given a modi-
cum of agricultural training; the pedagogic methods are up-
to-date; it has put up several suitable school buildings; and it
Digitized by
Google
126 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
conducts a teachers' course at Petah Tikwah, which is the seat
of the director.
The Hilf SYerein der deutschen Juden is also contributing to
the inner reform of the Tahnud Torah in contrast to the
laissez-faire policy once thought inevitable. For. the purpose it
is subsidizing two Talmud Torahs, one at Hebron, the other,
the Grusinian, at Jerusalem. In the latter it had the co-
operation of the Odessa Committee. The curriculum has been
modernized by the introduction of Arabic and arithmetic, and
the religious subjects are taught systematically.
In the new Talmud Torahs of the Frankfort Society and in
those supported by the Hilf sverein the language of instruction
is Hebrew. With its adoption they ranged themselves among
the forces that are determining the new order in Palestine, for
the new order is committed irrevocably to Hebrew as the Jewish
vernacular. Every modem educational agency has come to
acknowledge this, and has modified its program accordingly.
After a quarter of a century the Alliance Israelite Univer-
selle took up the innovation represented by the Lamel School.
In its elementary and secondary schools, it unhappily com-
mitted the same mistake as at Mikweh Israel and in its Techni-
cal School. They were not redolent of the soil. The most cry-
ing evil that resulted was a deplorable confusion pedagogically
speaking. A fundamental difficulty in the Bast is the multi-
plicity of languages. The child spends so much time and
effort in acquainting itself with the media of education, that
it rarely reaches the substance. The linguistic attainments of
the Levantine are held up to admiration, but they have their
drawbacks. With Arabic as the language of the land, and
Turkish the official language, the problem in Palestine is at
best difficult. The Alliance drew the Gordian knot still tighter
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 127
by making French the language of instruction in the schools.
The fashion was set for modern outside agencies. When the
Anglo-Jewish Association, in 1898, took over the Evelina de
Rothschild School, the medium became English, and when the
Hilf sverein came into the land at the beginning of the century,
it gave a prominent place to German. It is all the more signifi-
cant of the current of events that nevertheless each of these
successive agencies allotted more and more time to Hebrew
than its predecessor. The Evelina de Eothschild laid greater
stress upon it than the Alliance, and the Hilfsverein more
than co-ordinated it with German. Even the Alliance has
had to modify its scheme, though, to be sure, it is the subven-
tion of the Odessa Committee that maintains a number of its
Hebrew teachers.
Meantime the people were deciding the language question in
their own way. Circumstances forced the colonists to conduct
their schools on the simplest basis. The teachers came not from
France, or England, or Germany, but from Russia. It was
conceivable that a French or an English or a German Jew
should press his language upon Palestine as a culture-bearer.
For the Russian Jew to do the same was unthinkable. In
Russia the study of Hebrew for living purposes had been inher-
ited from the illuminati, the Maskilim, of the early nineteenth
century. The events of 1881-1882 and of 1891, and the rise of
the Palestinian colonization projects, had only intensified love
of the ancient holy language. The country school teachers
would instinctively have taught Jewish children in Palestine
in Hebrew, even if the New Settlement had not put Hebrew
upon its banner. From the first it had revolted against the
confusion of tongues in Jewish Palestine. Hebrew naturally
was the only compromise acceptable to all the Jewish "»»-
5
Digitized by
Google
]28 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
tionals/^ And no indulgence was permitted. The parole was one
language and only one pronunciation, the native Sefardic. For
some it was more painful to sacrifice the off-color of the Hebrew
vowels than to renounce the language they had spoken from
their birth, though for the older people this too must have been
far from easy. Many a social group adopted the rule of im-
posing a fine upon its members when in the heat of discussion
they slipped from Hebrew into German, Yiddish, French, or
Russian.
Hebrew was thus the only possibility in the public schools
of Palestine. In the villages Arabic was inevitable, and so
even in the colony schools two languages had to be taught ; all
others were banished from the curriculum of the elementary
school. Petah Tikwah alone of all the villages still clings to
the French inherited from the Eothschild " administration."
Where the village school develops from primary to secondary
grades, a European language, French or German, is added,
but it is distinctly put into the category of foreign languages.
Once the language question is dismissed, only benefit ac-
crued to Palestine from the presence of the Alliance, the Anglo-
Jewish Association, and the Hilfsverein. The Alliance planted
centers of light in Jerusalem, Jaffa, Haifa, Safed, Tiberias,
and Saida, providing everywhere except in Jaffa for girls as
well as boys, and everywhere except in Saida in separate schools,
and everywhere attaching manual training features to the
classes, especially in the girls' schools.
The Evelina de Eothschild School, only for girls, of whom it
enrolls 650 at a time, teaching them handicrafts and training
them for domestic work, has the distinction of having won the
confidence and good-will of all the elements of the Ashkenazim,
the Sefardim, and the other Orientals, with the exception
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 129
only of the extremists that remain wholly unreconciled to
secular education.
The Hilfsverein with its veritable network of schools has a
variety of educational achievements to its credit. None ex-
ceeds in importance the establishment of Kindergartens, three
in Jerusalem, three in Jaffa, and one each in Eehobot, Safed,
Haifa, and Tiberias — an undertaking the value of which is
enhanced by the exclusive use of Hebrew in all. The innova-
tion was recognized as an indispensable adjunct to the Pales-
tinian educational system. The Alliance and the Evelina de
Eothschild followed suit. The devotion and heroism of the
Kindergartners cannot be appreciated unless one pauses to
take in the picture presented by a Palestinian Kindergarten :
Yiddish and Spagniol-speaking toddlers, by the side of the
Adjami babies lisping their Persian, the Grusinians with
their Eussian, and Urfali, Maghrebi, Yemenite, and Aleppo
tots with their various dialects of Arabic — this babel to be
reduced to Sefardic Hebrew by a Russian or German teacher !
In point of secondary education, the Hilfsverein supple-
mented the Alliance, in Jerusalem with a girls' and a boys'
school, the latter being the Lamel Foundation; with a boys'
school in Jaffa ; and with a school for both sexes in Haifa and
in the colony of Katra.
That is not yet all. In addition to its primary and secondary
schools, and its contributions to agricultural training in the
colonies noted before, the Hilfsverein made admirable provi-
sion for the higher education. It has a course for Kindergarten
teachers ; a seminary for rabbis, calculated particularly for the
Sefardic population; and a teachers' seminary founded in
1904. The candidates are expected to take a course in agri-
culture to fit them for teaching in the village schools. The
Digitized by
Google
130 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
seminary has already supplied elementary teachers to some of
the Hilfsverein schools, and attached to it is a commercial
college with four classes. The language of instruction in all
these higher institutions is German, though Hebrew is of course
a prominent feature in the curriculum. These, all of them in
Jerusalem, with evening extension or continuation classes for
adults, form a remarkably complete system. In round numbers
the Hilfsverein taught 3,000 pupils, and its force consisted
of 150 teachers.
The impetus to adopt Hebrew as the sole and only medium
of instruction issuing from the village school, bore fruit in
secondary and higher education, first in Jaffa and then in
Jerusalem. Jaffa, the mother city of the Judean colonies,
had indeed kept even pace with the colonies. In 1892 a boys'
school. Bet ha-Sefer be-Jaffa, was founded, supported by the
Odessa Committee and subventioned by the B'nai B'rith of
America. It is now the school of the Alliance. The girls'
school. Bet Sefer la-Banot, followed in 1893. In both schools
Hebrew was the language. With the seminary for women
teachers lately attached to it, the Bet Sefer la-Banot continues
to be subsidized by the Odessa Committee, which is bound by a
resolution, fathered by Ahad Ha- Am, to devote more than one-
fourth of its revenues to education in Palestine. It has seven
classes, and its 500 pupils, Ashkenazim, Sefardim, and Yeme-
nites, are housed in a beautiful building, the gift of a Eussian-
Jewish well-wisher from Irkutsk. It is fitted out with all the
appointments of a modern school building, and set in a large
tree-planted playground.
Most important of all from the point of view of an eventual
system of Hebrew education in Palestine was the founding, in
1907, of the Theodor Herzl Hebrew Gymnasiimi, with seven
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 131
classes, exclusive of the three preparatory classes. The curric-
ulum is patterned after the German gynmasium, and the
pupils graduated from it are prepared to enter a German,
French, or Swiss university. As in all the other schools men-
tioned there is a tuition fee, and the moderate revenue thus
derived is supplemented by the Odessa Committee and by the
contributions of Jews the world over, America, Europe, and
South Africa. This gymnasium also has a worthy building for
its more than seven hundred pupils, boys and girls, erected
for it by a Jewish gentleman of Bradford, Eng. It stands at
the head of Tel-Abib^s main street, and the school is the pride
and center of the Jaffa, indeed of the Palestine Jewish, com-
munity. Together with the Bet Sefer la-Banot it attracts to
Palestine hundreds who are debarred from an education by
Russians discriminatory legislation against the Jews. Russian
Jewish mothers are said to form little societies, the members
of which take turns at living in Jaffa and watching over all the
children of their group.
The religious element in the Ifew Settlement represented by
the Mizrahi in the Zionist movement, while indorsing the
modern pedagogical methods of the two schools, and agreeing
particularly with their use of Hebrew as the exclusive language
of instruction, was not satisfied with their attitude towards
religion, negative at best they maintain, according to some
critics actually irreligious. This dissatisfaction brought about
the establishing of the Tahkemoni, on the pattern of the
German Realschule. Only six years in existence, it has already
over two hundred boy pupils, and it is contemplating a build-
ing worthy of Tel-Abib. For girls the Tahkemoni makes no
provision.
Digitized by
Google
132 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
In Jerusalem a similar division occurred between the
partisans of different attitudes towards religious teaching. In
the year 1909-1910, two schools with Hebrew as the language
of instruction were opened, the Heder Torah for those who
desired a school complying at once with their religious stand-
ards and with the generally accepted requirements of modern
times, and the Hebrew Gymnasium, like that at JafEa, for
the element that takes the stand that the home not the school
must determine the religious development of the child. The
first has about seventy pupils, and is subventioned by the
Hilfsverein, which has planned the curriculum; the second,
supported with funds gathered largely in Galicia, has about
one hundred and twenty-five pupils.
One of the most important educational projects yet con-
ceived for Palestine is the Jewish Institute for Technical
Education in Haifa. The Wissotzky family of Russia donated
the first $100,000 towards such an institute; Mr. Jacob H.
SchifE brought the project within the realm of the possible
by a similar sum of $100,000; the Hilfsverein added a large
gift from its Cohn-Oppenheim Foundation; the National
Fimd gave the land, to the value of $20,000, for the building
as a perpetual leasehold ; and larger and smaller subscriptions
and scholarship funds were collected, particularly in America.
The managing board was composed of representatives of all
these various interests, and the leading officers were identical
with those of the Hilfsverein. When the building was all but
ready, in 1913, an unfortunate difference of opinion arose as
to the language of instruction. The Zionists withdrew from
the management, and when peace was restored, further com-
plications, into which it is unnecessary to enter here, led, in
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 133
March, 1915, to the forced sale of the school building, which
was bought in by the Hilfsverein for the sum of $56,250.
During the controversy feeling ran high in Palestine. The
younger generation looked upon the conflict as of decisive im-
portance. Their Hebrew mother tongue was contemned, they
felt. Destruction menaced the world of resuscitated Hebrew
ideals for which their pioneer fathers had struggled. The
pedagogic objection, that a scientific nomenclature had not
been suflSciently developed in Hebrew for it to serve as the
medium of instruction in a technological school, was answered
simply by pointing to the Jaffa Gymnasium. The opponents
of the Hilfsverein plan in Palestine withdrew their children
from all the schools of the German society, and established a
parallel series of eight schools: a Teachers' Seminary and
Commercial School, a boys' and a girls' school in Jerusalem,
courses for Kindergarten teachers, together with Kindergar-
tens, a night school in Jerusalem, a boys' school in Jaffa, and
a boys' school in Haifa ; and in some of the colonies self-taxa-
tion has replaced the Hilfsverein subsidy. The Zionist
Organization has assumed the budget of nearly $31,000 for
these schools, though such activity does not lie directly in its
scope.
The deplorable results are patent : a duplication of effort and
expenditure in a cause in which forces and funds are small
enough ; the loss of imity in effort in a country sufficiently dis-
tracted by division; and the delay in opening an institution
from which Jew and Arab alike had expected great things.
Harbors are waiting to be built ; bridges and roads are needed ;
railroad expansion has hitherto depended wholly on imported
brains and skill; irrigation plants must be multiplied; and
Digitized by
Google
134 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Jewish students denied by Eussian autocracy their right to an
education have lost a cherished hope.
The last word in the controversy, one cannot help but think,
will not be spoken in Berlin, or in New York, or in Moscow,
but in Jerusalem, and there not by this generation or by
leaders, but rather by the processions of school children, on
whose breath the world depends, as they wend their way singing
to Moza on Hamishah Oser be-Shebat, the Palestinian chil-
dren's Arbor Day, or when they frolic on Lag be-Oiner on the
heights encircling Jerusalem, or when, as members of the
widespread Makkabi athletic societies, they respond to the
calls made upon them on all public occasions.
The subject of the higher education has not yet been ex-
hausted. At least passing reference must be made to the nine
Yeshibot of Jerusalem, with their 800 students, institutions
and students both supported at a cost of about $60,000
annually. These Yeshibot are partly Hebrew seminaries,
partly Hebrew research institutions, the latter in the sense
that the students are scholars that devote their life to the
cultivation of Hebrew lore.
One of the most valuable undertakings, originated and
fostered by the Odessa Committee, is the Teachers' Union,
formed by the conference of teachers held in connection with
the Kenessiah of 1903 in Zichron Jacob. The association has
manifold objects, all tending to develop a unified standard of
Hebrew education in Palestine, to which the schools will
gradually conform and so constitute a completely graded
system. When once the olive plantations of the National Fund
are full-grown and yield a revenue, which according to its
statutes is to be devoted to the completion of the system of
education, the preliminary activities of the Teachers' Union
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE I35
will be recognized as fundamental. It has drawn up curri-
culums for schools, and has stimulated the production of
Hebrew text-books, which are issued by its publication society
Kohelet. Among its notable achievements are the founding
of vacation courses for teachers and the holding of lectures
and evening classes for adults. It has stated conferences, and
issues two magazines, Ha-Hinnuk, a pedagogic bi-monthly,
and Ha-Moledet> for children, both, needless to say, in Hebrew.
The language — developing it for pedagogic and daily uses,
and awakening love for it among the people — is one of its
main purposes, as it is the only purpose of the Waad ha-Lashon,
the "Hebrew Academy," which is watching the coining of
words and the growth of the language in the new literature
and on the street.
Of the libraries in the villages mention has been made. The
central library of the whole country is at Jerusalem, Midrash
Abrabanel it is called, founded by the B'nai B^rith lodge of
Jerusalem, and enlarged in 1892, by the library of Joseph
Chasanowitz of Bielistock, in honor of whom " Ginze Joseph "
has been added to the name of the institution. Every effort
has been put forth to make it a central library for the whole
Jewish world, by having Jewish authors deposit a copy of their
works in it as they appear — a sort of supplemental copyright
duty. The object has not yet been attained. It has only
about 35,000 books, over half of them Hebrew. The biblio-
graphical treasures of Palestine are stored not in this library,
but in the Yeshibot of Jerusalem, Hebron, Tiberias, and Saf ed,
and in the private library of Mussayev, a Bokhara Jew, a
devotee of the Cabala. His library consists of rare printed
books and manuscripts, and with them are exhibited his art
Digitized by
Google
136 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
treasures, for he is an art connoisseur besides being a student
of the Zohar and a bibliophile.
In Jaffa is the Shaare Zion library with 6000 volumes,
established by the Odessa Committee, which is the patron of
libraries in Jerusalem, Haifa, and Tiberias besides. It is
resorted to by the Jews of the colonies in the vicinity as well
as by Jaffa Jews, and it is housed by the Jewish club. The
Workingmen'-s Clubs in Jerusalem and Jaffa also have collec-
tions of books, and the Jerusalem Bet ha- Am has 4300. The
last institution is the gathering-place for the young people,
who are attracted to its newspaper and game room, and who
go to it for their society meetings and their social gatherings.
In all the urban centers there are mutual aid societies that
have a semi-social character. Clubs are beginning to spring
up, and the B^nai B'rith has lodges in Jerusalem, Jaffa, Haifa,
Safed, and Zichron Jacob.
Other recent institutions are the two music schools, one at
Jaffa and one at Jerusalem, the pupils of which occasionally
give concerts. A collection of songs, many of them of recent
Palestinian origin, has been issued, and as many of the schools
have their athletic Makkabi brigades, so many of them have
their school orchestras and glee clubs.
The press with only two exceptions is in Hebrew. The ex-
ceptions are a Spagniol paper. El Liberal, and one in Yiddish,
Ha-Pardess. There are two dailies: Ha-Or and Ha-Herut;
Ha-Moriah, in the interests of orthodox Judaism, appeared
three times weekly (it ceased publication a short while ago) ;
there is also a weekly, Ha-Ahdut, a workingmen^s paper; the
semi-monthly Ha-Poel ha-Zai'r, originally the organ of the
Workmen^s Union, but latterly representing the New Set-
tlement in general; Ha-Meassef, a monthly; the children's
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 137
monthly Ha-Moledet, and the bi-monthly Ha-Hinnuk, the
pedagogic organ of the Teachers^ Union ; Ha-Me'ir, a literary
and scientific quarterly; Ha-Haklai, an agricultural periodi-
cal, the organ of the Union of the Judean Colonies ; and Jeru-
salem, the useful annual issued by Abraham Moses Luncz, the
scholar and devoted communal worker, who, himself blind,
has been eyes to nlany afflicted like himself and by his re-
searches a guide through Jewish Jerusalem and Jewish Pales-
tine.
Of publication societies Kohelet has been mentioned. There
are others: Yefet for literary productions, and Le-Am for
popular scientific brochures, of which it has issued some
seventy — all of which goes far toward explaining why there
should be thirteen printers^ establishments in Jerusalem alone.
Among the brochures issued by Le-Am is one on the diseases
prevalent in Palestine. Two of the most widespread and com-
mon, malaria and trachoma, are both preventable and curable,
provided they are not merely treated with a view to relieving
individual patients, but are also investigated as to the funda-
mental causes, and measures are taken to remove the causes.
In the open country the marshy stretches with their colonies
of mosquitoes and in the cities the defective cisterns also offer-
ing a shelter to the insect pest, are sufficient to explain the
malaria scourge.
The first eflEective step towards an intelligent campaign
against malaria was taken in 1912 by the establishment of a
Health Bureau in Jerusalem by Mr. Nathan Straus, equipped
to meet many of the existing sanitary needs. The Turkish
Government realized the value of the institution for the coun-
try at large. When, during the first Balkan War, there was
an outbreak of cholera in Tiberias, the director of the Health
Digitized by
Google
138 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Bureau was requested to hasten thither, and his services in
stamping out the epidemic in short order were recognized by
the Government. Again, during the present war, the Govern-
ment turned to the Health Bureau for scientific co-operation.
All the analyses required in the Palestinian army hospitals
have been made by it; it has had to furnish the typhus vaccine,
and hold itself in readiness to combat epidemics as they made
their appearance. At the same time its trachoma and malaria
work for the civil population has proceeded, hampered though
it, like all medical agencies, was by the shortage in medical
supplies. Mr. Straus's Institute associated with itself the
Society of Jewish Physicians and Scientists for Improving
Sanitary Conditions in Palestine, and both co-operated with
the German Society for Combating Malaria in Jerusalem.
Up to the outbreak of the war the three agencies together
constituted the International Health Institute. There are four
departments of work in the Straus Bureau : the hygienic divi-
sion, with a special branch for the treatment of diseases of the
eye, a bacteriological and a serological division, and a hydro-
phobia division. Formerly the victims of rabies had to be
hurried to Cairo or Constantinople. The Bureau has issued
two reports, one on malaria in Jerusalem and one on the
infectious eye diseases in Palestine.
Since the same year, 1912, there exists in Palestine also a
Jewish Medical Society, which holds conferences at stated
times, and issues its Transactions quarterly in Hebrew. These
two medical agencies will doubtless succeed in making Pales-
tine lovers pay serious attention to the sanitary needs of the
country. It has long been known that a large percentage of
Jerusalem's ills are due to the lack of an adequate water supply
and the dependence on defective cisterns. Elsewhere in Pales-
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 139
tine, in Jaffa and in the villages, the question of water is given
the first place ; in Jerusalem alone public opinion has not been
aroused. It has moreover been demonstrated that it would
require no great engineering ingenuity and not excessive means
to draw water into Jerusalem from the springs and pools
near-by. A year ago it was announced that the concession for
this great improvement together with the lighting of the city
and electric transportation facilities had been awarded by the
Government to a French syndicate. The report was greeted
with joy, for the undertaking would mean health and real
prosperity for the Holy City, so beloved and yet so stricken.
A LAND OF POSSIBILITIES
Date of Forecast — Misconceptions — National Groups in Ottoman
Empire— The Red Ticket— Fertility of Land— Methods of
Cultivation — Mineral Products — Industrial Possibilities —
Markets and Shipping Facilities — ^Imports and Exports — ^Rise
in Land Prices — ^Railroad Eixpansion.
The foregoing presentation has insulated the new Jewish
work in Palestine from its backgroimd and environment, as
though it were wholly independent of and unconnected with
them. It is hardly necessary to assert that the setting is of first
importance. If amoimts to a truism to say that however
strenuous the efforts of the Jewish world to open up Palestine
to home-hunting Israel, they will be unavailing in the end
unless the desire and will of the Jewish people are endorsed by
general conditions.
Before the possibilities of Palestine as a land of Jewish im-
migration are set forth, there must be clearness on one point.
As the specific description of the New Jewish Palestine here
given should be taken as dated a year ago, before the outbreak
of the war, so the general statements now to be made will be
Digitized by
Google
140 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
based on what was then, not on what the fortunes of war will
bring forth, or, without our cognizance, have already brought
forth. This chapter purports to be not prophecy or political
speculation, but a forecast on the basis of nature^s and man's
work in the Near East.
There are current phrases and statements that have created
an atmosphere of haziness and misconception on the subject
of Palestine. The catchword about the "immobility of the
East " is re-inf orced by the familiar Jewish expression, " going
back to the land of the fathers.'- They impart a reactionary
flavor to the immigration movement toward Palestine. The
casual tourist has long been spreading reports about the
sterility of the land, and misapprehensions prevail as to the
character of Turkish rule.
To begin with the last: Eeference has been made to the
autonomy granted by the Ottoman system to national and
religious groups. In the Orient the two terms are all but
synonymous. By a sort of home-rule system freedom is en-
joyed by all such groups to order their internal affairs as
their traditions dictate. They administer them as independent
bodies. In all that appertains to the complex fiscal adminis-
tration they are of course held as strictly to account as are
citizens and residents in other countries. With especial refer-
ence to the agrarian law, which, based in part on old feudal
relations, is peculiarly involved; and likewise with reference
to the system of imposts, which is to a very large extent a
system of agricultural taxes, the Ottoman code, since the adop-
tion of the Constitution in 1908, has been undergoing changes
that are calculated to bring it into line with the requirements
of a developing country.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 141
In one respect Jews labor under a special disability. Ad-
mission to Turkey depends upon the presentation of a passport
vis6ed by the Turkish consul of the traveler's home-land.
Until five years ago the passport thus viseed had to be
deposited at the port of entry, and for inland use a Turkish
document was issued instead. This rule has been abolished
for all but Jews coming to Palestine. Since 1888, on their
arrival they are handed the " Eed Ticket,^' good for only
three months and marking them as Jews from foreign coun-
tries. This is in direct contradiction to Turkey's uniform
treatment of her resident native or naturalized Jews, which
places them on an absolute parity with her other nationalities.
Though the regulation in respect to the time limit is more
honored in the breach than the observance, at intervals it
has been enforced with punctilious severity. In any case, it
is a stigma that should be removed. And it can be removed
by the Jews of Palestine themselves as soon as they become
naturalized Ottoman subjects in suflSciently large numbers to
influence the course of events, not only in regard to this par-
ticular, but in the many ways for which the Constitution of*
1908 has leveled the path. Hitherto Ottomanization has not
appeared urgent, on account of the Capitulations and other
means of obtaining the rights of extra-territoriality, under
which Turkey granted a large measure of jurisdiction to
foreign consuls. " Nationals '' registered with their consuls,
to whom they resorted in case of legal or political diflBculties.
Since the system of Capitulations has been abrogated, it is
obvious that Ottoman citizenship has assumed a new dignity
and a new importance for the Jew in Palestine. The way is
open for him to become a civic force in village, town, province,
and state.
Digitized by
Google
142 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
So far as Palestine is concerned, the land cannot be held
responsible for the prevailing poverty. The experts say that,
barring size, it has the conditions and therefore the opportun-
ities of California. Small as it is, it has varieties of climate
and soil rivaling large areas elsewhere. Its surface is much
diversified, from the alluvial plain at the sea-shore to the soft
lava formation of the hill-country. The soils in various parts
are adapted for all sorts of crops — ^for cereals, for truck farm-
ing, and for plantations. Some of the products have been
mentioned incidentally. There are many others that might be
enumerated: melons are abundant and delicious; figs, dates,
and pomegranates thrive now and have a greater future ; honey
is produced in comparatively small quantities, but the yield
can easily be increased ; and tobacco has not been sufficiently
studied in relation to Palestine. Wheat yields four and five-
fold in the least propitious regions, eight to tenfold in Galilee,
and fifty and sixtyfold in the Hauran beyond the Jordan.
Vegetables are endless in variety and imexcelled in succulence.
Over against these advantages should be set the lack of
copious watercourses in some parts of the country — ^but only
in some parts. The environs of Hebron, for example, are rich
in springs, and Transjordania in streams. At worst irrigation
works must be resorted to ; in many neighborhoods an intelli-
gent study of conditions will probably discover a remedy in the
application of the findings of modern science and practice.
The American dry-farming system and American implements,
it has already been demonstrated, will solve problems in some
sections. Fertilizers, cattle-raising with the animal humus
thus produced, and long-term rotation of certain crops, promise
results, and so does the restoration of the ancient terracing of
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 143
the hillsides, which may yet furnish indirect proof that even
Arabic vines can be made to produce a marketable crop.
After a long period of coupled neglect and abuse, it is neces-
sary to call help of every sort into requisition, especially in a
country in which it is admitted that all conditions demand the
intensive farming that latter-day theory makes almost coequal
with the economic progress of humanity, and that raises farm-
ing to an occupation demanding trained intelligence in the
same degree as it demands physical endurance.
Though Palestine is not rich in mineral products, the bowels
of the earth await exploitation no less than its surface.
Asphalt, bitimien, salt, phosphate, bromine and iodine salts,
sulphur, and petroleum are to be found, if in small quantities,
in particularly good quality. The Standard Oil Company is
said to be preparing to explore for oil in the Dead Sea region.
Building materials exist, though not in sufficiently large
amounts to offset the dearth of wood, pending the success of
the reafforestation work already well under way. There is
coal, but so little that in discussing industrial expansion wise
heads are planning for products that require low degrees of
heat application, as, for instance, the cement building material
made by means of high mechanical pressure. Others are
thinking of the possibility of harnessing the climate and
developing sun-motors of intenser power than those known
hitherto. The large beds of lime and gypsum suggest export-
ing possibilities, and the earth is full of pottery material,
which has been utilized hitherto only in primitive ways. The
presence of alkalis has led to the manufacture of soaps, which
rank second in the list of exports, as the indigenous sumach
and valonea account for the existence of tanneries now as of
old.
Digitized by
Google
144 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
For the development of industries there is sufficient raw
material: The manufacture of oils from sesame, olives,
oranges, and aromatic and medicinal plants is in its infancy ;
hardly any of the by-products have yet been considered. Be-
sides cognacs from grapes, spirits from cereals suggest them-
selves, as well as non-alcoholic drinks from grapes. Wheat is
already being used for maccaroni. The canning of fruits and
vegetables and the preserving and conserving industries have
not yet received serious consideration, in spite of the endless
opportunities that exist and the admonition given by Califor-
nia's success. Silk culture was tried in Rosh Pinnah, and
abandoned in 1906, but, if one notes the results achieved in
the Lebanon district, as evidenced by the export records of
Beirut, one cannot believe that the reasons will remain con-
clusive forever. Glass was once made at Tantura, Baron de
Rothschild's factory near Athlit; that, too, with the sand of
the dunes a,i hand, remains a fair hope in spite of the failure
of the first attempt. Sugar production ought to be possible
on a large scale in a land that can grow both beets and cane.
With herds of fat-tailed sheep "upon a thousand hills,''
woolen products are not impossible along with the exporting
of the raw material already done on a modest scale. Bezalel
will develop carpet-weaving, and its copper and brass and
silver products even now compete in exporting value with the
mother-of-pearl articles of Bethlehem. There are a number
of machine shops in Jaffa and Haifa. They will multiply
with the plantations needing motors and irrigation works,
demonstrating that there are openings for industries for which
the raw materials must be imported, and such openings will
increase with the modernizing of the Turkish system of
imposts now under way.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE I45
A large part of this outlined development naturally depends
upon the growth of the population, as the growth of the popula-
tion depends in turn upon the industrial expansion. But even
at the present stage, much could be disposed of if it were pro-
duced. Right at the door of Palestine lies Egypt, which, some-
one has said, has its mouth wide open constantly that its
hungry, capacious maw may be filled. Its native population as
well as its visitors want much more than they get, and with
proper regulation Palestine could supply vegetables, dairv
products, poultry, and fruit, if nothing else, as it already sup-
plies wines in considerable quantity. If markets at a distance
are considered, shipping facilities in a region so near the Suez
Canal are adequate. They have been growing steadily: At
the port of Jaffa, from 1903 to 1910, the increase has been
from 425 steamers, with a tonnage of 803,000, to 707 with a
tonnage of 1,115,000; and from 340 sailing vessels, with a
tonnage of 12,000, to 756 with a tonnage of 24,000. Haifa has
a similar encouraging record, and Gaza has within a few years
attained importance as a barley shipping place. Such progress
has been achieved, though not one of the ports on the Syrian
coast has a harbor. What may be expected of the Near East
when the Haifa Institute sends forth engineers and builders ?
The trade balances complement the story told by the ship-
ping. In September 1912, the American consul at Jerusalem
reported that there had been an increase of 200^ in the value of
Palestine exports and imports since 1900, and of lOOj^ since
1905. The Anglo-Palestine Bank^s figures corroborate his
statement at least for the port of Jaffa, through which passes,
it is said, 40^ of the Palestine trade. From the Jewish point
of view, on accoimt of the proximity of the large colonies of
Judea, Jaffa is most important, but when all the railroad con-
Digitized by
Google
146
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
nections now contemplated are finished, Haifa may begin to
dispute the supremacy of the southern port. The table of the
Anglo-Palestine Bank is quoted by Nawratzki as follows :
Value of Value of
Year Imports Exports
1903 12,200,000 $1,620,000
1904 2,360,000 1,480,000
1905 2,300,000 1,840,000
1906 3,300,000 2,500,000
1907 4,040,000 2,420,000
1908 4,020,000 2,780,000
1909 4,860,000 2,800,000
1910 5,020,000 3,180,000
1911 5,820,000 3,840,000
The specific figures for exports given by the American consul
for 1910, 1911, 1912, and 1913 deserve attention. In studying
them, the reader should not fail to take into consideration that
1912 and 1913 were the years of the Balkan Wars :
Articles 1910 1911 1912 1913
Almonds |3,908 |6,667 |27,739 |43,798
Animals, live 26,200 24,819 21,849 25,350
Barley 6,083 16,546
Beans 9,264 1,723 1,897
Bones 5,594 7,154 2,725 2,788
Colocynth 16,733 31,754 35,039 11,636
Dari (millet) 55,106 57,911 98,547 46,231
Fodder 9,722 5,013 3,407 4,231
Fruits 179,726 204,393 121,662 165,461
Hides 79,945 83,460 36,012 51,244
Oil, olive, and sesame.. 32,260 72,900 19,466 30,512
Oranges 1,136,794 1,058,464 1,380,139 1,449,757
Raisins 36,187 42,217 53,960 50,806
Sesame seed 179,659 476,917 146,774 152,321
Soap 762,538 702,236 868,500 973,300
Souvenirs, religious ... 58,889 93,193 107,063 101,223
Vegetables, lupines . . . » . 64,935 64.140 51,682 61,123
Wines and spirits 293,963 277.641 337.735 294,569
Wool 35,465 32,849 22,289 13,029
All other articles 82,942 216,699 72,997 145,995
Totals 13,069,830 $3,458,427 $3,415,391 $3,641,817
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 147
And here are the tables of imports for the same years :
Articles 1910 1911 1912 1918
Acids $27,662 |21,899 |10,706 $17,860
Animals, live 107,597 197,580 175,194 184,927
Breadstuff s: flour 439,606 697,119 232,502 733,016
Cement 28,081 40,538 39,419 38,202
Chemicals & fertilizer 71,440 51,497
Coal 24,197 57,084 70,000 98,994
Coffee 104,220 107,355 145,995 252,571
Drugs 42,841 43,799
Fancy goods 16,680 117,088 172,761 159,621
Fish, salt and dried.... 23,609 29,783 46,718 47,691
Glassware and pottery.. 83,907 67,158 61,318 64,481
Hides and leather 79,709 96,065 71,538 76,890
Iron and steel, manu-
factures of:
Bedsteads, iron 15,573 8,662 15,816
Hardware 105,938 122,636 177,627 156,701
Iron bars, girders, etc. 82,435 112,903 97,330 117,730
Iron, other 114,642 138,208 72,997 92,463
Machinery 86,734 71,294 97,330 74,554
Motors 34,185 35,915 68,131 62,047
Oil:
Illuminating 212,411 207,946 173,534 394,186
Linseed and machine. 41,133 38,737 48,665 53,531
Olive 116,355 154,463 154,995 237,485
Paint 32,019 30,367 29,199 48,665
Paper and stationery... 86.454 102,002 34.066 43.798
Potatoes 17,553 22,288 23,395 21,412
Provisions 92,857 105,360 145,995 161,567
Rice 253,385 296,175 226,000 308,682
Sacks, empty 48,597 59,663 64,238 65,834
Salt 7,792 24,965 39,419 35,282
Soda, caustic 50,783 67,644 58,398 61,804
Sugar 364,553 315,544 202,446 260,844
Textiles *
Cotton goods 1,179,954 1,276,678 1,182,949 1,171,853
Other 61,181 69,104 72,365 72,997
Tiles and bricks 43,275 34,747 24,332 37,958
Tobacco and snuff 323,275 351,361 243,325 327,515
Wines and spirits 53,345 76,404 93,500 52,071
Wood, manufactures of:
Furniture, etc 65,185 35,525 48,665 47,789
Lumber 222,307 391,267 486,650 520,715
All other articles 188,561 161,130 316,323 218,992
Totals 14,863,018 $5,693,367 $5,288,127 |6,388,041
Digitized by
Google
148 AMEJRICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
The above figures represent the dealings of Palestine with
Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Egypt,
France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Eoumania, Russia,
Turkey, the British Isles and Colonies, and the United States.
In another way the progress of Palestine is recorded in the
rise of land values : in Petah Tikwah land that cost from $2
to $5 a dunam (a little less than a quarter of an acre) at the
beginning of Jewish colonization enterprises, now brings from
$12 to $40. Twenty-two years ago a parcel of land in Eehobot
was bought for $800, and left unimproved. Two-thirds of it
was recently sold for $2400, and for the other third the owner
had an offer of $1600. In Tel-Abib land values rose four and
fivefold in three years.
That the whole world has confidence in the expansibility of
the Near East is shown by the network of railroads that has
covered the region since 1892, when the Jaffa- Jerusalem Road
was opened to traflBc. Three years later Beirut was connected
with Damascus, and after another ten years, in 1905, a short
line was run from Haifa to the interior, at Beisan. Since then
the last has been extended to the southern end of the Sea of Ti-
berias and thence to a jimction with the Hedjas Road, which
when completed, as it has already been for a long stretch, will
follow the old pilgrim route from Damascus all the way down
to Mecca. The Hedjas Road in turn is an offshoot from the
Anatolian-Bagdad system binding Constantinople to the dis-
tant Mesopotamian city and sooner or later to the Persian
Gulf. From Haifa's first junction at Beisan, close to Mer-
hawiah, a branch is being built to Nablus and Jerusalem, so
completing the circuit to the southern port, Jaffa, and from
Jaffa, it is expected, travelers and freight will soon be trans-
ported to Port Said and Cairo by land. So, not only will
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE I49
Palestine have its hinterland, eventually with connections all
the way to India, brought close to it, but with an arm flung
out northwestward Jerusalem will touch the great Atlantic
coast cities in Western Europe, and southwestward the Cape-
to-Cairo Eoad will bring it into communication with the
extreme point of the African Continent. Palestine lying at
the junction of the three continents of the Eastern hemisphere
gathers all these bands of civilization into its bosom, and
becomes again the great highway, not as once for armies of
destruction, but for the forces of prosperous peace.
CONCLUSION
PALESTINE AND THE UNITED STATES
An Eiastern Land of Jewish Immigration — Organization of Jewry
Outside — War Relief Measures — Organization of Palestine
Jewry.
In Jewish vision Palestine has always lain thus at the heart
of the inhabited world. Therefore, even in the face of a uni-
versal war^s brutal menace to international safeguards, its cen-
tral, coveted position arouses in the "lovers of Zion'^ not
apprehension of disaster, but rather a sense of exultation as to
future achievement. Its memories, tasks, and opportunities,
equally noble, challenged Jewish ability, and the gaimtlet was
taken up. Jewish penetration comprehended the trend of cir-
cumstances in the Near East, and Jewish pluck has in large
measure liberated the resources of Palestine.
The crisis evoked by the war has thrown the subject of the
Jew in Palestine in sharp relief upon the canvas of Jewish life.
In minds and hearts stirred by the suffering in strife-torn
Europe, the question rises to the surface : Are the leaders of the
Palestine movement prepared to assert that the Eastern land
Digitized by
Google
150 AMEJRICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
18 ready for a mass immigration from comparatively near-by
Russia, Roimiania, and Galicia ?
No categoric answer can be given. Palestine is not yet a
land for immigrants in the same sense as the United States with
its boundless spaces, its unlimited possibilities, its developed
opportunities — with a place ready for every stalwart new-
comer to slip into. Whether it will soon become a land of
Eastern Jewish immigration as the United States is the land
of Western Jewish immigration, will depend upon the attitude
of the Jewish world towards the subject. Palestine Jewish
immigration will long require the thoroughly organized and
unified assistance of the well-established, non-migratory Jews
everywhere. But if outside Jewry for a time, and during
that time ungrudgingly, will make of itself the exchequer of
Palestine Jewry, the future of a considerable part of the Jewish
race will indubitably lie in the expanding East.
Is there evidence that this is coming to pass? Is Jewry
tending to imify itself for practical operations in Palestine as
it has for two thousand years been all but a unit in point of
Holy Land sentiment? On these questions the world war
has thrown light. The Halukkah has indeed been almost en-
tirely cut off in the lands in which the sword was unsheathed.
It was to have been expected : the Halukkah is the tribute of the
poorest of the poor nearly everywhere. That faith and interest
in the cause were not paralyzed even by the bloodiest of catas-
trophes, was proved by the more prosperous among the Pales-
tine lovers. From the German trenches in France, from
England and her colonies, and from the battle line in Russia
and Austria, the pennies still flow into the coffers of the
National Fund, if not so copiously as in good times, yet with
unabated confidence in the practical worth of the land that
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 151
typifies to the mind and heart of the Jew the principles for
which his people has stood always, and has suffered often,
during its long history.
But the most striking testimony to the newer appreciation
of the claims as well as the value of Palestine as a land of
refuge has been afforded by America. In the course of this
article there has repeatedly been occasion to refer to America's
effective participation in Palestinian development. From the
eighteenth century down to yesterday, the Jewish immigrant,
too frequently forced by business and industrial pressure to
deny in practice the claims of Jewish tradition which in theory
he may yet avow as legitimate and desirable, nevertheless did
not " forget Jerusalem.^' If at times the age-long devotion was
pushed out of earshot, its voice made itself heard to good pur-
pose at crucial moments. Over and above the tribute levied,
with the help of an imperious custom, by the Meshullah
Karigal and his uncounted successors, America has enriched
Palestinian life with contributions that rise beyond the level
of the ordinary. From Judah Touro down to the Zionist plan
for an Emma Lazarus Garden City for Yemenites, it has had a
realizing sense of the housing needs of a growing population.
The influence exercised more or less indirectly, through the
Waad ha-Kelali, by the North American Belief Society for the
Indigent Jews of Palestine and the New York Society for the
Relief of the Poor in Palestine, became a conscious aim in
the attempts to systematize the Palestine collections during the
last five years made by the Waad ha-Merkazi of New York and
the Palestine Committee of the National Conference of Jewish
Charities in the United States, the latter called into being at
the instance of the Central Conference of American Rabbis.
The same period of five years has seen a constantly increasing
Digitized by
Google
152 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
interest in Palestinian undertakings of large educational and
social scope — agricultural development (the Jewish Agricul-
tural Experiment Station), sanitation (the Straus Health
Bureau), higher education (the Jaffa Gymnasium and the
Haifa Technical Institute), philanthropy (the District Nurses
System), and economic progress (Ha-Ahuzah).
The last group of interests implies a recognition of the
change wrought in Palestine by the Zionist attitude and Zion-
ist activities : the emergence of the Holy Land from the field
of charity that was suffused with a lovable sentiment, upon the
field of economic opportunity fortified by the same sentiment.
The same recognition, raised to a higher power, is conveyed
by the action called forth by the war. Hardly was it realized,
at the outbreak of hostilities, that Palestine was isolated from
Europe, whence came nine-tenths of its support, than energetic
steps looking to its relief were taken in the United States.
Without a moment's delay, the American Jewish Committee
heeded Ambassador Morgenthau's warning that a generation's
work was menaced with extinction, and no sooner formed, the
American Jewish Relief Committee followed its example, both
bodies supplementing the efforts of the Zionist Organization.
The activities of the last agency illustrate best of all how
vividly the Jews of America realize the value of what has been
fashioned by Jewish hands in Palestine, and what its preserva-
tion may mean in the rebuilding of the Jewish world, which,
if an appraisement may be made before the smoke of battle
has cleared away, is suffering a third destruction of its sanc-
tuaries compared with which the two others as well as the
1492 exile from Spain and the 1882 pogroms in Russia are
insignificant in extent. At the beginning of the war it was
apprehended that the International Zionist Organization with
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 153
its seat in Berlin would be paralyzed. A provisional adminis-
tration was spontaneously instituted in the United States.
When, later, it appeared that the regularly elected Executive
Committee had not been disrupted, the provisional body
assumed guardianship of Jewish Palestinian interests. That
the American Zionists instinctively felt confidence in American
sympathy with Palestine endeavors corroborates what has been
asserted about the appreciation of Palestinian values by
American Jewry. The results of its appeal are none the less
instructive. Not only did it collect an Emergency Fund to
replace the sums usually raised in Europe as well as in
America for the maintenance of the Palestinian schopls and
the Zionist enterprises in the colonies and the cities, but its
office became the clearing house for all concerned about the
fate of Palestine. Figures tell the story : Through the instru-
mentality of the American Jewish Committee and the Ameri-
can Jewish Belief Committee, $75,000 were sent to Jaffa, to
the manager of the Palestine Office, the head of the disbursing
committee designated by the Ambassador. In addition there
passed through the hands of the Provisional Executive Com-
mittee for General Zionist Affairs, up to May 31, 1915, the
sum of $335,359.29, of which, in round numbers, $79,000
was disbursed for the normal Zionist activities in Palestine ;
$61,000, an undesignated relief fund, was distributed among
institutions and associations in proportion to their scope and
needs ; and $167,000 was transmitted to institutions and indi-
viduals named by the donors. Finally, the American Jewish
Relief Committee and the Zionist Executive together secured,
at a cost of $84,627.81, the food supplies which, by the courtesy
of the United States Government, were carried to the Holy
Digitized by
Google
154 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Land in the Collier Vulcan, and distributed among Jews,
Moslems, and Christians.
Because it typifies at once the value attached to the new life
in Palestine and the method of relief mainly resorted to, one
more act of American initiative and generosity should be re-
corded : the raising of a considerable part of a loan of $120,000
to tide the Palestinian orange-growers over the disastrous year
in which the whole crop of a million and a half boxes of fruit
rotted under their trees. Without the loan not only a year's
harvest, but the orange-groves themselves, the product of a
quarter of a century's labor and care, would have perished.
A part of the other funds transmitted to Palestine was like-
wise applied to loans to planters, business men, and artisans,
and for the execution of public works in which labor could be
employed. Though America did not succeed in feeding all the
hungry, it is a solace to know, as has been reported, that not a
single Jewish workingman in the colonies has been without
employment during the long period of stress. This may be due
to some extent to the enlistment of the Arab workingmen in
the Turkish army, but largely it is attributable to the moneys
from America and their wise application.
A large part of the credit for what has been accomplished
belongs to Ambassador Morgenthau and his personal repre-
sentative in -Palestine, who planned the distribution of the
first $50,000 on the spot. Again, a large part of the success
achieved is due to the intervention and help of the United
States Government, without which it might have been found
impossible to transmit to their destination the moneys col-
lected and advanced. And mention should be made of the
friendly spirit displayed by the Turkish Government, which
granted facilities and privileges to the helpers from abroad.
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 155
There remains to be noted the capacity for organization dis-
played by the Palestinian forces iji the acute crisis, betokening
an advance in development beyond anything suspected by the
casual observer. In Alexandria, in Jaffa, in Jerusalem, in
Haifa, the organization abroad met a responsive organization,
surprising in the Kolelim and in the flotsam and jetsam of
the Jewries of the world only lately gathered into Palestine.
Even before outside help came, the New Settlement had
demonstrated its economic resources. The colonies had stores
for themselves, and out of their superfluity could for a time
sustain the cities. The Jewish bank had staved off a panic
by devising a system of checks to be circulated among its
depositors. In a word, there has been displayed the spirit oi
self-help that may fitly encourage the hope that the gifts and
loans that are the pledge of the Jewish world^s confidence in
the New Palestine will rescue the plantations, fields, and homes
created by a generation.
In that generation's hand-to-hand struggle with natural and
economic forces, it has gained still other victories. A language
has been all but achieved. The educational system needs only
the last welding touch. In the spirit of the Mosaic law and
the prophets' ideals, there have been initiated social forms
of living pervaded by charity and based on justice and right-
eousness.
This record almost justifies the historical Jewish sentiment
for the Holy I^nd cherished by the Jew of the Old Settlement
and by the Jew of the New Settlement — almost, but not wholly.
The spirit of each must yet pervade the other. A creative force
already resides among the Jews who have settled in Palestine.
The dry bones of gifts from all over the world have been
clothed with the habiliments of life, and long-scattered mem-
Digitized by
Google
156 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
bers have been joined together into an organism. Jerusalem
has begun to assume in a spiritual sense the aspect of a city
that is " builded compact together/^ and Palestine of a land
of a renewed social and religious promise, while universal
Israel in the Diaspora, through an organized common endeavor
for the Holy Land, is becoming a revitalized spiritual com-
munion. But there remain dissonant notes that must still
be resolved into the harmony of independent thinking and
accordant conduct. A physical, merely passive coming-back
to the " land of the fathers ^' would have been an anti-climax
to twenty passionate, yearning centuries. No more can one
be satisfied with a Jewish Palestine that is a "land of the
children '' and nothing more — of a future, however comfort-
able, unhallowed by the past. One Jew and another and still
another may escape to Palestine from galling oppression.
Many have already found life there free and happy. But
more values and more positive values must be created to justify
the strenuous exertions of Palestine lovers and Zionists. A
compact Jewish community, composed of members happy
through untrammeled Jewish self-expression, must reconsti-
tute a Palestine spiritually worthy of the unique place it has
occupied in the history of human thought. Ex Oriente lux
must again be a true saying, that the sacrifices in Palestine
and outside of the land may have been worth while. It has
been reported that a religious leader of the Jaffa community
is busy studying the law and practice of the Yemenites, which
differ from Ashkenazic and Sefardic law and practice, in
order that, discovering the origin of the differences, he may
point out the just method of harmonization. Sefardim and
Ashkenazim, and the groups of Ashkenazim among them-
selves, will learn to seek similar adjustments, and all together
Digitized by
Google
RECENT JEWISH PROGRESS IN PALESTINE 157
will develop a synthetic theory to suit the enlarging and
diversified need. So the law will live again, and practice
cease to be the hollow echo of a former condition. When
spiritual Jewish problems are grappled with tolerantly but
earnestly, without the excommunications of the past or the
indifference of the present, then the Jew's whole personality
will be brought into full play, and for the first time in two
thousand years he will in one spot at least fashion all the
manifestations of his life in a Jewish mould.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE
What has been presented in outline in the above article, and for
the most part without corroborating statistics, may be found in
industrious detail in two recent publications, to which the present
writer desires to express her deep indebtedness:
Palastina Handbuch, by Davis Trietsch. Jiidischer Verlag, Ber-
lin, 1912 (3d ed.).
Die jUdische Kolonisation Palastinas, by Dr. Curt Nawratzki.
Verlag Ernst Reinhardt, Munich, 1914.
The second book named falls short only of being the archives of
the Jewish colonies in Palestine, so complete is the information it
offers. An excellent feature is a full bibliography (pp. XI to XXI),
to which may be added the following:
Zionist Pocket Reference, by Israel Cohen. Federation of Ameri-
can Zionists, 1914.
Zionist WorTe in Palestine, Ed. Israel Cohen. T. Fisher Unwin,
London, 1911.
Zionistische Paldstinaar'beit, by A. Bohm. Zionistisches Zentral-
bureau, Vienna, 1909.
IPilnf Jahre der Arbeit in Palastina, by Dr. E. W. Tschlenoff.
Judischer Verlag, Berlin, 1913.
Oenossenschaftliche Kolonisation in Palastina, by Dr. Franz
Oppenheimer. National B\ind, Cologne, n. d.
Gemeineigentum und Privateigentum an Orund und Boden, by
Dr. Franz Oppenheimer. National Fund, Cologne, n. d.
Merchavia. A Jewish Co-operative Settlement in Palestine, by
Dr. Franz Oppenheimer. National Fund, New York, 1914.
Sefer hOrZikkaron hOrYerusJialmi, by N. D. F^eiman. Jerusa-
lem, 5673.
Die ansteckenden Augenkrankheiten Paidstinas und ihre Be-
kdmpfung, by Dr. Arieh Feigenbaum. 1913.
Digitized by
Google
158 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Im Kampf um die hehrdische Sprnche. Zionistisches Central-
bureau. Berlin, n. d.
Jewish Schools in Palestine, by Norman Bentwich. Federation
of American Zionists, New York, 1912.
Report to American Jewish Committee^ by Maurice Wertheim.
Pp. 360-365 of the present issue of the Amebican Jewish Year Book.
The map on p. 24 showing the Jewish villages, settlements, and
estates in Palestine is a reproduction, with slight changes, of that
drawn by Mr. Davis Trietsch.
The writer desires furthermore to acknowledge gratefully her
obligation for data obtained from Mr. E. W. Lewin-Epstein, of
New York, and Dr. S. Kaplan-Kaplansky, secretary to the National
Fund.
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 159
THE FEDERATION MOVEMENT IN AMERICAN
JEWISH PHILANTHROPY *
BY JOSEPH JACOBS, LITT. D.
The tendency of the age is towards co-operation. In all
directions institutions of similar tendency are combining
their forces and learning from one another's experiences. In
American Judaism the movement has extended even to institu-
tions of similar kind throughout the vtrhole of the United
States, and we have National Conferences and Federations
applying to the whole country. It is not, therefore, surpris-
ing that within the separate communities the same disposition
has arisen to combine in one the various institutions of philan-
thropy, so as to unify and standardize the methods of relief
as well as simplify the methods of collection.
In some communities the movement made an early appear-
ance, but then for some reason ceased. Even in New York
City, the United Hebrew Charities, as its name signifies, was
the result of a combination of several institutions which
^^ pooled ^^ their resources in the year 1874, and it has con-
tinued its combined activities since that date. But federation
in the specific sense used in the present accoimt does not
imply such a combination of resources and administration as
is exemplified by the United Hebrew Charities of New York
City. While bringing together the representatives of the
institutions concerned, federation still leaves them with a
♦ Memoir No. V of the Bureau o^ Jewish Statistics and Research.
6
Digitized by
Google
160 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
local autonomy and control of the funds intrusted to their
care.
It is possible that the idea of federation was originally
suggested by the Saturday and Sunday collections for the
hospitals. These are essentially "collective collections/^
which are distributed by a central committee that has no
control over the administration of the constituent hospitals,
and this in every form is a parallel to the new federation
movement. The Hospital Saturday and Sunday has provided
one of the most fertile sources of income fol* hospitals, and no
more appropriate origin could be suggested than this for
eflfective means of reaching the public*
In the year 1895 leaders of the Boston community interested
in its charitable institutions determined to attempt a federa-
tion of them by which they could be brought under one
systematic management, while leaving the autonomy and
jurisdiction of each society intact. The idea at the root of
the movement, at least as recorded in the first annual report
of it, seems to have been to leave the enrolment of members
and the collection of their dues to the individual societies, but
to make the appeals to the general public in the form of
bazaars, balls, and general collections for charitable purposes
through the Federation, the results to be pooled and distributed
according to the needs of relative importance. By June 1 of
that year, the new Federation was on its feet, with a special
office and with Mr. Jacob H. Hecht as president and Mr. Max
Friedman as treasurer of the new institution. In the first
♦ Of course it must be understood that the Hospital Saturday
and Sunday collections are simply supplementary to the general
resources of the hospitals, whereas in federation the distinctive
characteristic is that the whole sum collected from the public is
made solely by the Federation,
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 161
year the collections for general purposes were almost exactly
$13,000, of which, to take a single example, $4500 was paid
over to the United Hebrew Benevolent Association, which
during that year spent $9981. Unfortunately no details now
exist as to the increased income that accrued from the Boston
Federation to the separate institutions. In one case, however,
it is possible to get the history of one of the constituent insti-
tutions for a considerable period both before and after federa-
tion. The United Hebrew Benevolent Association, which was
itself a combination of a number of smaller institutions, ex-
pended, in the year 1886, $3182, and in 1912 the expenditure
was $16,284, toward which the Federation gave $14,750.
We thus have an increase from $3000 in 1886 to $16,000
twenty-five years later, but it would be diflScult to determine
how far this increase was due to federation itself, or to the
natural increase of the Boston community in numbers and
affluence. The immediate effect of the Federation was, indeed,
to decrease the income of the Benevolent Association, but here
again it would be unwise to draw any general conclusions, as
local or temporary influences may have affected this particular
institution adversely at that time. The ultimate success of
the movement in Boston is sufficiently indicated by the figures
given in Exhibit C, showing a rise of income from $13,092 in
1896 to $83,706 in 1913. (See p. 190.)
Boston was soon followed by Cincinnati, which, under the
able direction of Mr. Bernard Bettmann, made an appeal to
the Jewish community in July, 1896, and within a few weeks
had established a Federation of nine institutions of that; city;
there were two that kept out of the combination, and still
remain unaffiliated. The collections showed a marked in-
crease from the start. In 1897, $11,000 was collected.
Digitized by
Google
162 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
whereas two years later the sum total jumped to $32,000.
The amount collected in subscriptions remained at this level
for the next nine years or so, imtil 1908, when another jump
took place to $50,000. Meanwhile, however, considerable
additions were being made from other sources than the sub-
scriptions. By 1914, the Federated Association of the United
Jewish Charities of Cincinnati distributed to its constituent
societies no less than $103,336, besides disbursing $26,951 for
direct relief. Cincinnati not alone was able to deal with its own
poor, but also made substantial contributions to the Denver
Hospital and the National Desertion Bureau. Though only
second in the field, it has made perhaps the most consistent
progress of all, with the one exception to which we now
proceed.
On January 7, 1900, a conference was held in Chicago of
a number of persons interested in Jewish philanthropy, who
had become convinced of the advantages of what might be
called " collective coUection.^^ Some of these expressed their
willingness to subscribe limip sums exceeding by one-quarter
or one-half the total amount they had previously donated to
the Jewish charities, and within a couple of months promises
of over $100,000 to be collected in this way had been made
by some six hundred men and women subscribers. With
these promises in hand, a meeting was held on April 12,
1900, at which the Associated Jewish Charities of Chicago
was established and incorporated, with Mr. Edwin G. Fore-
man as president, and Mr. (now Judge) Julian W. Mack as
secretary. It was estimated that previous to this no more
than $110,000 had been collected, whereas in the first year
of federation this simi was exceeded by $25,000. Once this
great advance had been made, the progress of the Associated
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 163
Charities for the next five years was not very striking, the
income reaching $149,000 in 1905, while the membership
only increased from 1684 in 1900 to 1777 in 1905. It might
almost seem that the increase in both subscriptions and
members during these five years could not have been less if
the Charities had not been associated. But the following five
years saw a great change, the subscriptions jumping from
$149,000 to $368,000,* a phenomenal advance of 148 per cent,
while the memberships rose from 1777 to 3275, an almost
equally satisfactory increase of 84 per cent. This progress
has continued in the same remarkable way, until in the year
1913 (April, 1914) the sum collected was $522,170 from
3292 members. Of course, part of this remarkable advance
must be attributed to the fact that Chicago is the home city
of Mr. Julius Eosenwald, who during the last year, 1913, was
president of the Charities. But of the total sum of over
$520,000 given in this year, Mr. Eosenwald is to be credited
only with $70,000, a magnificent donation indeed, but after
all only one-seventh of the total, showing that his example is
widely followed by the Jews of Chicago,
The examples of Boston, Chicago, and Cincinnati were
followed in the next year by Philadelphia and Detroit. Phila-
delphia, under the presidency of Mr. Jacob Gimbel, collected
in the first year $113,000 for nine institutions, which had
previously had an income of only $95,000. The income of
the Federation, as so frequently happens, remained stationary
for the next few 'years, lingering at about $115,000 from 1901
to 1905, and about $140,000 from 1905 to 1909. In the
following year, 1910, it rose to $149,000, and last year (1914)
it reached the respectable sum of $208,000, close on double
the amount with which it started. The progress of Detroit,
Digitized by
Google
164 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
though dealing with much smaller sums, is even more remark-
able, ranging from $4000 in 1901 to over $30,000 in 1913.
As an instance of the advantage gained by the local con-
stituent bodies by the introduction of federation, an average
example is given in that of Philadelphia (see p. 165) since its
foundation. It will be noted that almost every constituent
body consistently increased its income from the very inception
of the movement. It may of course be fcontended that nearly
as much increase would have accrued in ten years without
federation, but this is very doubtfid, and could not be proven.
The case of Cleveland, which federated in 1904, under the
presidency of Charles Eisenman, is of special interest, owing
to its consistent progress both in subscriptions and member-
ships. Starting with $41,350 from 1250 members in 1904,
it reached $79,105 from 1848 members in 1913. It is true
that the cost of collection also increased from $1452 to $3591,
but only in proportion to the amount collected and adminis-
tered. Still more remarkable has been the increase in the
reserve funds. Whereas five years before federation the
reserve funds of the federated bodies had only increased from
$314,538 to $382,004, in the year of federation these funds
rose to $407,388, and during the next ten years rose to $687,-
439. This evidence is significant, since one of the objections
urged against the movement has been the view expressed, that
less money would be given by bequest or donation for reserve
funds, because more would be required for subscriptions. The
example of Cleveland, so far as it goes, seems to negative this
statement. Another interesting point in connection with the
Cleveland Federation is the increase in the nimiber of indi-
viduals on the boards of the Federation and the constituent
Digitized by
Google
O O O O Q Q
80 Q Q S ^
10 00 »o O to
5: S 58 S 2 sf
(O 00 00
S 09 00 00
TT
s s
0» »0 IH
i i i s s 8
S 5 c5 © w 2
« «f :3 o*" « s
§S ^
to "^ Oi
^ ^
n
o
H
CO
H
H
:id
H
QQ
n
OQ
t
Q
s
3 ^ ^
i i
ill
s S3
"41 00 «0
§3 S
O CO «o
S 04 S
a> 04 «o
A M «0
S 8
O 04 ■*
o
I I
r! W
•s -s
S
w ^ 3 «0
^ •'^ ft ^
5 » I I
i i I "2
H t; 00 _
■a 8 I s
§5 I I -S
s (" a a
5 1
I t
D
1 3
111
ISO 2
5z; -«i
'^S s
"Si !>>
« O t cj
•-9 w
•3
^
Digitized by
Caoogle
166 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
societies. Whereas in 1904 this number was 115, in 1914 it
had risen to a total of 145.
It is unnecessary to go into detail with regard to the
progress of the Federation Movement during the succeeding
ten years. SuflBce it to say that Buffalo and Indianapolis
joined in 1905, Toledo and Louisville in 1909, and Dayton and
San Francisco in 1910. Details of all the other and smaller
and more recent federations will be found in Exhibit C, from
which it will be seen that in every case federation has produced
an fticrease both in subscriptions and members, though it must
be confessed that in Buffalo, Indianapolis, Toledo, and Dayton
the increase is but slight. (See p. 190.)
Special mention should be made of the condition of affairs
in Baltimore. A federation of what might be termed the
^^ up-town ^^ institutions of the older-established Jewish inhab-
itants of that city was effected in 1907, and has had rather an
up and down progress since that date. Beginning, with a
subscription of $73,000 and a membership of 1830 in 1907, it
rose in the next year to $90,000 and 1935 members, but then it
declined in the following two years to $86,000 and 1644 mem-
bers. Even though it increased its subscription considerably
up to 1912, it dropped during the following year, one of
commercial depression, to $98,000 and 1660 members. Mean-
while, however, the later arrivals, seeing the advantages of
union, but declining for various reasons to combine with their
fellow-Jews, made a Federation of their own, under the title
of the United Hebrew Charities of Baltimore, which, starting
with $20,000 in 1908, received over $32,000 in 1914, and
starting with a membership of 3613, has reached one of 4500.
The expenses have not increased proportionally, rising only
from $4000 in 1908 to $5000 in 1914, These two Federations
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 167
appear to co-operate in all matters in which they can combine,
and the general impression appears to be that such double
federation is at any rate better than no federation for the
so-called orthodox organizations. Something similar has
occurred in Chicago, where, in 1913, a new Federation was
started entitled the Federated Orthodox Jewish Charities of
Chicago, numbering 5905 members as against 3292 of the
Associated Jewish Charities, and collecting $94,000 as against
$520,000 of the larger scheme.
Meanwhile the tide of federation had reached New York
City, and an attempt was made to apply its methods to the
largest Jewish community in the world. In the year 1908, the
heads of some forty-five institutions of New York City met
in a series of conferences, to determine whether it would be
possible to bring them all into a Federation. In some respects
the conditions in New York were different from those in the
other cities that had already attained federation. In so large
a population there was a less number of persons who each
subscribed to a majority of the local institutions, and who,
therefore, would be saved inconvenience by combining together
their contributions into one. The number of institutions with
fairly large incomes was so considerable that one board repre-
senting all might be of an unwieldy character. There are
also in Manhattan several hospitals, many orphanages, and
generally a larger number of separate institutions of the same
class than is found in other cities. To these and other argu-
ments was added the consideration which had been urged in
other cities, that federation would destroy, the personal inter-
est in individual charities which led to such large endowments,
donations, and bequests. One o| the persons who took a great
interest in the movement, in favor of federation in Manhattan
Digitized by
Google
168 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
was Mr. Louis A. Heinsheimer, who devoted a great deal of
his time and energy to promoting the scheme. Unfortunately
he died during the negotiations, but left a magnificent legacy
of $1,000,000 for the purpose of such a Federation of Jewish
Charities in New York when once established. Even this
magnificent inducement did not overcome the opposition to
federation in New York, and as Mr. Heinsheimer had set a
time limit to his bequest, it fell through.
One section of greater New York was not affected by this
unfortunate dead-lock, and the leaders of the Brooklyn Jewish
Charities combined in 1910 the twelve chief charitable organ-
izations of that borough under the presidency of Mr. N. S.
Jonas. These twelve institutions had, in the year previous to
federation, collected $81,377. The first year of federation
there was a slight increase, the receipts rising to $90,149, but
the pace of increase was so rapid that three years later, in
1913, the subscriptions amounted to $160,683, almost exactly
double the amount collected the year before federation, only
four years before.
The accompanying graphic tables (see pp. 169 and 171) tell
the story of the Federation Movement since its inception as well
as any verbal description. Entries have been for obvious rea-
sons confined to Federations having over $10,000 per annum.
Others, though at present not so rich in material results, have
the advantage that they will follow the line of philanthropic
endeavor in their city almost from the beginning, and will
thus have even stronger influence upon the general course of
Jewish philanthropy than the earlier and larger associations.
It will be observed that the movement of the curves is almost
uniformly upward, only a few cases occur of re-entrant angles,
and these can be explained in most instances by local or tern-
Digitized by
Google
SUBSCRIPTIONS OF FEDERATIONS STARTED BEFORE 1910
AND HAVING INCOMES OF »10,000 AND OVER
^io.
—
'SI '..aw
iL30
j
M^tO
/
'f 10
(
>r
it 00
r
3 90
r~
3 BO
7
3 70
(p
/
iL^O
/
3 50
/
3W
/
3 30 ^
/
3 10
f
310
T -
3 00
2 90
2 SO
i"
Z 70
2 iO
^\
Z50
'
2 ¥0
_j
Z 30
2 ZO
2 W _J
J
ZOO 1
/
/—
M
/ 90
/
V
1 80
J
/
1 70
/
H
r
/ 60
/
1 50
^
/
i HO
^Z-^TIi
^^
-S.J
l^
/ 30
"~" r<. ' '/
/ ZO
v--^^^f-
/ 10
n^
f-
1 00
1
A
Nji>_
90
^
— T
0/
;^
SO
T^
^M^-
1/
^
r
v^
70
/
^,
-^
y
iO
\
A
^^
r
<:2
w
r-
SO
^t
jr-
5^
2
7^
'^■j
W
^^^i
\./
*-^-
^ >*
'^
—4
30
\ ^^ ^
/-^
V
>
5
^^ -» V
y^ "^
^'•
2^
\,
to 3-!-
■444--p-rt'n
X '... M
r^
^
s
^ J
-fi-
: =^"
§
5
^
it ^
^
, s^
Digitized by
troogie
170 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
poral circumstances. Thus, to give an example, the drop in
the Baltimore curve for 1914 was no doubt due to the business
depression caused by the war, and the same probably applies
to the case of Buffalo. Philadelphia is practically unique in
dropping after the first year, but it soon made up for this in
the fourth year, after which its upward movement was fairly
constant.
Thus far the history of federation in American Jewish
Charity has been uniformly one of success, though naturally
in some cases on a larger scale than in others.* The advan-
tages that have been claimed throughout have been in the
first place a distinct increase in the amount collected. Per-
sons are often under the erroneous impression that they are
contributing largely to charities when sending their gifts in
driblets, and are often surprised at the comparative smallness
when the various items are added up. They are therefore
prepared to make considerably greater sacrifices, especially
when not likely to be worried more than once during the year.
This class of increase naturally does not occur after federation,
and it is almost a imiversal experience that the second, third,
and fourth years after federation do not show any marked
increase, certainly not more than the normal increase that
population and affltience would have warranted even if no
federation had taken place. But it is also a general experi-
ence, as can be ascertained from the tables at the end, that
after three or four years another jump takes place in the
receipts, after which another pause recurs, and in this way the
income mounts up rapidly, and, so far as can be ascertained,
much more rapidly than in the earlier conditions, before
* A fuU list of the cities that have adopted Federation is given
in Exhibit A, p. 181.
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT
171
MEMBERSHIP
33 0
0
320
0
A
o
/
^'
3/fl
0
<
)
'^
300
0
/
m
0
i
r
m
0
y'
27 fl
0
1
UC
0
/
^
£S
zso
0
t
f
^
r
z^c
0
y
y
Z30
0
>
/
^
7 .
9^
IZO
0
J
«-
f
>
V^
7
no
0
i
r
\
Jl
<
y
\
r
J
zoo
0
J
>
u
"^z
>
i^'
19 0
0
f
1
i.
{
4
f
ISO
0
/
^
1
K ^
\x
b>
^
no
0
s
/
\
^/
&{
&
1^0
a
l_
■\^
<
'^
r^
Li
1
ISO
0
7
■^
>
—
li^Q
0
K.
i
f
r/
ISO
0
f
>
'/
it/
z'
IZO
)0
>
~"
>
no
0
\
;^
100
0
1
4
>^
■*
90
0
_
e.^
^■^
i-
so
0
^v
70
0
'<>)
SV
<'v
>
f>a
0
so
0
^
fO
0
^*
J:
y
30
0
;i
-f
V
20
0
>
\/
1 0
0
1
s
'
5
§
§
!?
]
5
j
^
•^
J
^
5
Digitized by
Google
172 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
federation. It must be remarked that it has been found
impossible to determine this interesting point, which is so
often left out of account when pointing to the advantages of
federation. We would have to know the amount collected
five years before federation, and five years afterwards, and
the increase of the population in the interim. From this we
could show that the increase due to federation is definitely
greater than that which woidd have accrued if no combination
had taken place. Federations are rarely interested in the
history of their constituent bodies earlier than the year pre-
vious to federation, but it would be well if in future combina-
tions attention was paid to this determining factor.
There are further diflBculties in the way of making a com-
parison between cities and cities as regards the progress and
prospects of federation. The proportion of rich and poor
varies from community to community, and may change con-
siderably in the course of years in the same community, thus
affecting the natural expectation of income for charitable
purposes. Business depression may strike one city while
passing over another in the same year, thus again making
comparisons ineffectual. The personnel connected with a
federation largely affects its success. A careful, energetic
secretary may whip up more subscriptions from a poorer
community than a more placid colleague in a richer one. The
presence of a single person of large means deeply interested
in federation can effect wonders, as has been shown in Chicago.
However, all the material at present available shows a distinct
improvement in income, membership, directorate, and, so far
as known, donations and bequests, wherever federation has
lasted a few years. The statistics of what might have been
without federation are obviously unavailable, and it is there-
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 173
fore practically impossible to determine how much more is
collected through federation, but that it is more, scarcely
anyone will doubt.
Quite apart from the material benefits which result from
federation, the whole plane of Jewish philanthropy, it is
claimed, is raised by this more dignified method of collecting
and distributing the means by which charity lives. Appeals
can no longer be made on the groimd of personal friendship,
but are purely of a spiritual and philanthropic character.
Then again, the community in which the institutions exist
learns to regard them as being organized members of the com-
munity itself, rather than the pet institutions of a limited
number of families. A more democratic spirit is also claimed
to be evolved by federation. Each institution, however small
its income, has its representative on the Central Board, and can
feel that it is performing a useful f imction in the communal
organism.
When occasions arise on which a general appeal has to be
made for charitable purposes, it would perhaps come with
more force from a central body representing the consensus of
philanthropic activity in the community, than if it emanated
from the directors of a single institution. To all these claims
is added the signal one, that the whole tone of charitable
activity is raised to a higher atmosphere when personal interests
and rivalries are eliminated in favor of a more impersonal and
altruistic method of collection and disbursement.
Another advantage put forward for the federation system
is that it enables the charities to get rid of the old-fashioned,
wasteful, and undignified method of obtaining funds by selling
tickets for balls, bazaars, theatrical performances, and other
entertainments. In most of the cities where federation has
Digitized by
Google
174
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
found a home, this unfortunate method of combining amuse-
ment and charity has practically disappeared. Federation
certainly removes much of the undignified competition between
different charities, which was so marked a characteristic of
the older regime. The Central Committee, composed of repre-
sentatives of all the different charities, distributes according to
definite principles the money collected for them all.
While relieving the local societies *of the trouble of collec-
tion, the federation effects great economy in collection itself.
It is a curious phenomenon that however large or however
small the amount collected, the expense of collection in all
the cities is about $5000 per annum. As a consequence,
the percentage of expense involved in collection tends to
decrease. For example, in Chicago the cost of collecting
$260,000 in 1909 was almost exactly $5000, or 2 per cent,
whereas in 1913 the cost of collecting $450,000 was approxi-
mately $6500, or about 1^ per cent. In this connection it
would be of interest to show the progress made by the Chicago
Federation from its ninth to its thirteenth year in various
aspects.
CHICAGO.— RECORD OF FIVE YEARS' WORK
No. of Subscribers
Total subscriptions
Increase over previous year
Percentage of increase
Average subscription
Amount paid out each year.
Expense
Percentage of expense
1909
2,806
$249,460
35,006.00
14%
88.90
242,780.00
5,080.00
2 1/12%
1910
3,018
00 $300,900.00 $368,
51,440.00
17%
99.70
277,717.00
5,837.00
2 1/10%
1911
3,276
,209.00
67,308.00
18 1/3%
112.43
350,962.00
6,098.00
1 2/8%
1912
3,138
5388,235.00
20,025.00
5 1/6%
123.72
391,850.00
6,117.00
1 1/2%
1913
8,168
$454,364.00
66,129.00
14 1/2%
148.42
463,998.00
6,523.00
1 2/5%
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 175
In most cases the annual reports of the constituent societies
are printed and bound up together, which must in the aggre-
gate involve a considerable saving.
A further incidental advantage claimed for the Federation
Movement is the prevention of overlapping and the avoidance
of imposition. In many of the city Federations, as, for exam-
ple, in Chicago and Boston, a Central OflBce keeps a card
catalogue of the " cases ^' of all the constituent societies, and
by this means one can ascertain at once if any "case" is
getting pauperized or oversupplied. Such a Central Bureau
also forms a Central OflBce for information for the charitable
public, who are guided thence to the appropriate charities in
any particular case.
There is another aspect of overlapping and duplication
which federation often deals with successfully. In Baltimore
there has been notable success in eliminating attempted under-
takings, by " busybodies," which responded to no real need or
unprovided-for need. Every new charity enterprise must be
submitted to the Federation Board (if it is to have the help of
the Federation), which passes upon it. Sometimes it is found
that the need is bona fide, but the machinery for meeting it
exists within an old-established institution. .
Another way in which federation could largely benefit the
associated institutions would be by means of collective pur-
chase of the many materials needed by all the institutions.
For example, the coal supply required for the organizations
of a city like Chicago must mount into the thousands of tons,
and considerable reductions could be obtained if the whole
amoimt could be contracted for instead of each institution
purchasing its coal in driblets. Hitherto, however, little
Digitized by
Google
176 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
progress has been made in collective purchasing in the feder-
ated communities.
In some few cases the movement is already old enough to
enable us to judge of its successive progress both in income
and memberships. By taking quinquennial periods for Cin-
cinnati, Chicago, Cleveland, and Philadelphia, we can observe
the increase both in money and men which has accrued to the
Federations of these cities owing to the new movement.
QUINQUENNIAL TABLE
Chicago
1900 1905 1910
Income $135,518 $148,948 $368,209
_J V
Per cent increase 7% 148%
Members 1,684 1,777 3,275
Per cent increase 5% 84%
Cincinnati
1899 1904 1909 1914
Income $ 32,087 $ 48,001 $ 75,051 $104,504
v^ , f V , ; v J
Per cent increase 49% 56% 39%
Members 901 1,039 1,220 1,527
Per cent increase 15% 17% 26%
Cleveland
1904 1909 1914
Income $41,745 $54,451 $84,000
Per cent increase 30% 54%
Members 1,251 1,606 2,200
Per cent increase 28% 36%
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT
177
PniLADELpilA
1903 1908 1913
Income $121,900 $141,000 $208,000
V ^ / V , J
Per cent increase 15% 47%
Members 2,107 2,010 2,381
Per cent increase — 4% 18%
It will of course be observed that in every ease the percentage
of increase in income is much larger than that in membership.
But what does this mean? It simply implies that not alone
do more members come in thro]igh federation, but also that
each member gives more.
In this connection it may be desirable to offer the following
table, which gives the annual per cent increase of the returns
of Federations during their existence. It would be unfair to
estimate this from the first year of federation to the last
average, as this would not indicate the true advance made by
federation. This can only be ascertained by contrasting the
income of the year before federation and the last year of
federation. Owing to the imequal responses to the question-
naire sent to all the Federations, it is only possible to make
this comparison for the following six cities.
Baltimore . .
Brooklyn . . .
Chicago
Cleveland.. .
Louisville.. .
Philadelphia
Year
Last
before
Income
Year of
Income
Federation
Federation
1906
$46,682
1913
$98,148
1909
81,877
1913
160,683
1899
110,000
1913
622,170
1903
25,000
1914
84,000
1908
16,500
1913
29,844
1900
95,000
1913
208,000
Annual
fer cent
nerease
16f
24
26f
9iV
Digitized by
Google
178 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
It would naturally be interesting to contrast with the above
figures the advances made in New York, or, more properly
speaking, in Manhattan and the Bronx, during the last fourteen
years, but for various reasons it would be entirely misleading
to compare New York with other cities. In the first place,
Manhattan charities reach such large sums that the only cities
that could be at all compared would be Chicago and Phila-
delphia. Then again. New York differs from Chicago, inas-
much as a good deal of the sums expended are provided by the
State, whereas Chicago is without that aid from Illinois. In
this latter point Philadelphia shares the advantages of New-
York, but a true comparison would have to take into account
the large sums devoted to Jewish charity in Philadelphia
beyond those provided by the Federation. Above all, we are
concerned in this place with the history of Jewish Federation
in the United States as such, and can therefore only take a
cursory glance at New York, which, rightly or wrongly, has
refused to take its place in the federated ranks.
It remains only to mention the usulal method by which a
Federation of Jewish Charities is constituted in a city. After
a preliminary meeting of the leading members of the chief
Jewish charities in which the idea is mooted, preliminary
acceptance of the principles of federation is generally obtained
from a large majority ; application for a charter is then made
to the proper authorities. Such a charter merely indicates
the title and aims of the proposed Federation, with the number
of constituent organizations as represented by their president
or directors. An organizing meeting is then held, at which
a constitution is adopted, declaring the name, objects, and
constituent institutions of the Federation, and the constitu-
tional methods to be employed by which any new institution
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 179
may join the Federation or any of its present members be
removed from it. A clause of the constitution always follows
restricting collection to the oflBcers of the Federation, and in-
volving a self-denying ordinance on the part of the constituent
bodies, which thereby declare that they will not collect money
themselves. Arrangements are then made by which persons
paying in a certain named sum become members of the Federa-
tion, and can vote for its oflBcers and by-laws, even though
they do not belong to any of the constituent societies. The
mode of apportioning the sums thus collected to the different
institutions of the Federation varies slightly in the different
cities, but as a rule is proportionate to the amount expended
in the year preceding federation. In several cities various
societies submit budgets to the central body, which aids in
determining the pro rata allotments. Curiously enough, in
none of the constitutions submitted are any very explicit
details given as to the method of apportioning the amounts
collected among the constituent societies. In Exhibit D the
only clause found in the various constitutions of Federations
relating to the subject has been inserted from the San Fran-
cisco Federation, but this, it will be observed, is of a very
•vague kind. (See pp. 194-198.)
Yet it is in this distribution of the sums collected according
to various principles that the chief advantage of federation is
probably to be sought. Members of the Federation Commit-
tee have necessarily to take into account the whole charitable
situation, and adjust the claims of the separate institutions in
accordance with the larger views of the position. Where
communities become large enough to have various institutions
dealing with the same field of charitable work, orphanages,
hospitals, and the like, the existence of a Federation brings a
Digitized by
Google
180 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
certain amount of unity and uniformity in each of these
branches, by the mere fact that they have to decide between
their conflicting claims for financial assistance. In cities
like Chicago and Philadelphia, and in New York if it were
federated, this might ultimately lead to separate Federations
of the different divisions of charity, which would attract
the highest kind of eflBciency. The question whether federa-
tion leads in the long run to a larger increase of subscriptions
than would have accrued by the natural increase of popula-
tion is practically insoluble. The advantages resulting from
common activity of men chiefly interested in philanthropy,
with their minds directed towards the charity problem as a
whole in a city, may ultimately turn out to be the chief benefit
to be secured by federation.
In conclusion, it should be understood that the preceding
account simply attempts to give a history of the Federation
Movement in this country during the past twenty years, with
as much detail as could be conveniently and clearly displayed
from the material obtained from the Federations themselves.
The writer does not presume to decide on the many intricate
problems raised by federation, and especially would refrain
from expressing any opinion as to whether federation is appli-*
cable in every Jewish community of the land. He will be
contented if he has placed before the reader a number of
relevant facts suitably digested, which may aid in deciding the
question in any particular locality.
Exhibit A
LIST OF CITIES HAVING FEDERATIONS OF JEWISH CHARITIES
The following list contains the names of those cities in
which Federations of a more or less formal character have
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT
181
been reported to the Bureau of Jewish Statistics, and to which
the questionnaire in Exhibit B has been sent. Those which
did not answer the questionnaire are marked with an aster-
isk (♦) ; cities which replied that they were unable to give
the information, or that their institutions were not significant
enough to be called Federations, are marked with an obelus
(t). Thanks are due to the secretaries and officials of the
remaining Federations, who took the greatest trouble in filling
out the questionnaire and in answering supplementary ques-
tions from the Bureau of Statistics. Those cities which have
double Federations are indicated by adding an 0 in brackets
for the second of the two Federations.
♦Akron, Ohio
♦Atlanta, Ga.
fAtlantic City, N.J.
Baltimore, Md.
Baltimore, Md. (0)
fBirmingham, Ala.
Boston, Mass.
Brooklyn, N. Y.
Buffalo, N. Y.
Chicago, 111.
Chicago, 111. (0)
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
Columbus, Ohio
fDallas, Tex.
Dayton, Ohio
Denver, Col.
Des Moines, la.
Detroit, Mich.
Indianapolis, Ind.
f Kansas City, Mo.
Lancaster, Pa.
LitUe Rock, Ark.
Louisville, Ky.
f Minneapolis, Minn.
MobUe,Ala.
f Montgomery, Ala.
Memphis, Tenn.
New Orleans, La.
Omaha, Nebr.
Philadelphia, Pa.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
fRochester, N. Y.
St Joseph, Mo.
*St Louis, Mo.
♦St Louis, Mo. (0)
St. Paul, Minn.
San Francisco, Cal.
^ioux City, Iowa
fSyracuse, N. Y.
Toledo, Ohio
fVicksburg, Miss.
♦Washington, D. C.
♦Wheeling, W. Va.
fWilmington, Del.
Youngstown, Ohio
Exhibit B
schedule for federation inquiry
The following questionnaire was sent to the Federations
indicated in Exhibit A, after being revised by a number of
gentlemen interested in the subject, among whom should be
Digitized by
Google
182
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
mentioned especially Mr. Max Abelman of the Brooklyn
Federation, Dr. H. G. Friedman, and Mr. Morris Waldman.
It seemed desirable to reprint the questionnaire as a guide to
the points to which the attention of those might be more use-
fully directed "who are considering the founding of a new
Federation. As an instructive example the answers given by
the Cleveland Federation are added, as these were the most
complete sent in.
Unfortunately, few of the other Federations sent in full
replies, and it was therefore impossible in many cases to
summarize any results except those relating to income.
Q. 1. City? A. Cleveland, Ohio. Q. Estimated Jewish
population? A. 60,000 to 70,000.
Q. 2. Corporate name of Federation? A. The Federation
of the Jewish Charities of Cleveland.
DATA ON FEDERATION
Q. 1. Give receipts of Federation by years.
A.
Receipts from
From other
Receipts from
From Other
Year
Subscribers
Sources
Year
Subscribers
Sources
1904.
.141,350.50
1395.12
1909.
.153,649.50
1802.05
1905.
. 40,119.25
325.61
1910.
. 70,469.00
401.87
1906.
. 40,010.75
261.45
1911.
. 71,287.18
449.13
1907.
. 47,428.00
272.18
1912.
. 75,072.50
486.46
1908.
. 49,942.16
3483.32
1913.
. 79,105.97
504.35
1914.
. 84,000.00
(approx.)
Q. 2. Describe nature of other receipts. A. Gifts and
bequests to a memorial fund.
Q. 3. State for each year the number of members or sub-
scribers.
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT
183
Number of Members
Number of Members
Year
or Subscribers
Year
or Subscribers
1904....
1251 .
1909....
1606
1905....
1270
1910....
1592
1906....
1265
1911....
1697
1907....
1428
1912....
1825
1908....
1659
1913....
1848
1914 2200 (about)
Q. 4. Give cost of collecting funds and administering
Federation by years.
A.
Year
Expense
Year
Expense
Year
Expense
Year
Expense
1904.
.11452.46
1907.
.12210.48
1910.
.12827.24
1913.
.13536.39
1905.
. 1479.62
1908.
. 2636.32
1911.
. 3148.57
1914.
.♦4500.00
1906.
. 1618.25
1909.
. 2672.87
1912.
. 3536.39
Q. 6. Give list of institutions belonging to the Federation
and the amount allotted to each by the Federation for each
year since federation. (Enter also societies no longer mem-
bers, if any.)
1914
Camp Wise Association 15,193.94
Council Educational Alliance 12,854.09
Council of Jewish Women 4,500.00
Hebrew Relief Association 24,400.00
Hebrew Shelter Home. 1,000.00
Jewish Infant Orphans' Home 7,500.00
Jewish Orphan Asylum 8,000.00
Montefiore Home 3,500.00
Mount Sinai Hospital 3,600.00
National Jewish Hospital, Denver 2,000.00
172,548.03
* A little less than |4500.00.
Digitized by
Google
184 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Federated Jewish Charities, Dayton, Ohio, for relief of
flood sufferers 11,000.00
Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society, New
York City 350.00
Lakeside Hospital for Special Inyestigator of Jewish
Cases 120.00
National Conference of Jewish Charities, dues 50.00
National Desertion Bureau, New York City 200.00
$1,720.00
Please make sure that the foregoing list gives all societies
included at the time of federation; also list all national
societies receiving contributions from the Federation.
Q. 6. Give list of societies in Federation having " reserve ^'
or endowment funds, and state for each the amount of such
funds at the beginning of federation and in the last year.
A.
Amount of ** Reserve "
Society First Year of Federation Last Year, 1913
Jewish Orphan Asylum |340,801.97 ^573,139.66
Sir Moses Monteflore Home for
Aged 66,586.88 100,785.55
Jewish Infant Orphans' Home None. 13,514.58
Q. 7. Give list of societies in existence which are not mem-
bers of the Federation; amount of their income in 1913 from
the public in memberships, donations, entertainments, etc.;
give reasons why they are not members.
A. There are several organizations supported by the Ortho-
dox Jewish element, organized by them and in most instances
duplicating the work of affiliated institutions of the Federa-
tion. Their resources and expenses of operation are not
known to us.
Q. 8. Note below institutions, if any, formed since federa^
tion.
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 185
A.
If not taken
Year taken into into Federation,
Society Year Organized Federation state reason
Camp Wise Assn 1907 1907
Hebrew Free Loan Assn. (re-
organized in 1905) 1905
Q. 9. Describe in detail methods of —
(1) Soliciting funds. A. Both by mail and per-
sonal solicitation.
(2) Collecting funds. A. About 95 per cent by
mail, balance by personal call.
Q. 10. Describe in detail any volunteer or unpaid body in
existence for the purpose of soliciting funds.
A. We have recently formed an Auxiliary Committee of
about twenty persons who co-operate with our Subscriptions
Committee of the Board.
CONTROL OF SOCIETIES BY THE FEDERATION
Q. 1. Are societies belonging to the Federation allowed ,to
solicit or receive donations for general funds ? A. No.
Q. 2. What are the restrictions on appeals by societies
belonging to the Federation for funds for new buildings or
endowments? A. Eequire the sanction of the Federation
Board.
Q. Must such appeals be indorsed by the Federation?
A. Yes.
Q. 3. How is the budget of allotments to the societies deter-
mined, and by what body? A. Recommendations by Execu-
tive and Finance Committees, final allotments made by Board
of Trustees.
Digitized by
Google
186 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Q. 4. Describe the executive organization of the Federation
Board.
Number of Powers of
Members Executive Committee
A. Seven. Conduct the business of the Federation in ac-
cordance with the policy of the Board.
Q. 6. How are the directors chosen for the societies belong-
ing to the Federation? A. Elected by Federation members
who are also members of the aflSliated societies by virtue of
their Federation subscription.
Q. 6. Specify the number of individuals (excluding dupli-
cations) on all boards of the Federation and constituent
societies in —
(a) The first year of federation. A. 116.
(b) At present. A. 146.
Q. 7. What are the requirements which a society must meet
to be admitted to the Federation ?
A. Organizations may be made beneficiaries upon their
application being approved by the Board of Trustees at a
meeting. No aid shall be extended to any organization which
shall, after January 1, 1904, without the consent in writing
of the Board of Trustees, give any ball, bazaar, fair, or other
entertainment for which tickets are offered for sale, or solicit
advertisements or contributions other than permanent endow-
ments or membership fees, which latter shall not exceed $3.00
per annum. A local organization, to become a beneficiary,
shall adopt and maintain a by-law providing that each person
who shall contribute at least $5.00 to this Federation shall be
a member of such organization for the fiscal year during which
such payment is made, and adopt and maintain a by-law
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 187
providing that its fiscfJ year shall commence January 1, and
end December 31, and it shall also submit to the Board of
Trustees of the Federation a full and detailed report of its
receipts, disbursements, and work done during the year.
SITUATION BEFORE FEDERATION
Q. 1. Give list of societies in existence at time of federation,
and give for each its income from the public in subscriptions,
donations, and entertainments, etc.
A.
Income from Public
Society Last Complete Year before Federation
Mt. Sinai Hospital There was raised for all of
Jewish Infant Orphans' these institutions, together
Home with one or two so-called
Jewish Orphan Asylum " orthodox '^ institutions, a
Montefiore Home for Aged sum less than $25,000 from
National Jewish Hospital, not above 650 contributors,
Denver during the year just prior to
Hebrew Belief Association federation.
Educational Alliance
(Include also national societies having subscribers in your
city before federation.)
Q. 2. What was the total number of subscribers to the
societies included in the Federation, the last year before the
Federation was organized ? A. About 650.
Q. 3. State cost of soliciting and collecting funds before
federation. A. No information.
Digitized by
Google
188 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Q. 4. Give number of persons (excluding duplications)
serving on boards of societies entering the Federation. A.
Not known.
Q. 5. List below societies having ^^ reserve/' endowment or
permanent funds before the Federation was formed, and give
amount in such fund last year before federation, and five
years before.
A.
Amount of Endowment
Last Year before Five Tears before
Society Federation 1903 Federation 1S98
Jewish Orphan Asylum |320,792.95 $267,784.62
Montefiore Home for Aged and
Infirm 61,211.88 46,774.02
Q. 6. Did any of the societies before federation contribute
to national societies? Specify which society and amount
contributed.
A. Council of Jewish Women — amount not known.
Q. 7. Describe method of soliciting and collecting fimds
before federation.
A. Personal canvassing for donations, and the selling of
tickets for raffles, bazaars, balls, picnics, etc.
Q. 8. Give estimated Jewish population —
(a) At time of federation. A. About 35,000.
(b) Five years previous. A.
GENERAL
Q. 1. Is there any class of institutions that does not join
the Federation?
A. The Federation includes only purely philanthropic
organizations.
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 189
Q. 2. Is it preferable that they remain outside of Federa-
tion? Why?
A.
Q. 3. Are there any advantages to a system of two Federa-
tions such as " up-town ^' and " down-town ^^ Federations ?
Is it possible for two such Federations to co-operate ?
A. No such condition exists in Cleveland.
Q. 4. What have been the advantages of federation?
A. For the giver, an assurance of business-like administra-
tion of this communal work, and freedom from the annoyance
of constant solicitations; for the recipient, more adequate
help and more efficient service.
Q. 6. Has it permitted a ready rearrangement of allotments
in accordance with the changed needs of different institutions ?
A. Always.
Q. 6. Please add any information from your experience
that throws light on the benefits or drawbacks of federation.
A. Our experience with ten years of federation has proven
that centralized effort is equally as important in philanthropy
as in business, whether applied to the attainment of a higher
standard of efficiency in service, or to the building up of
resources necessary for the conduct of its affairs. The idea
of federation is well founded, and the results depend entirely
upon intelligent application of its principles.
The one criticism which is occasionally offered against fed-
eration, ^' that cold, business-like organization, when applied
to sympathetic, sentimental philanthropy, has a tendency to
sever the bond of friendliness between giver and recipient,^^
has not been borne out by experience. We find to-day equally
as great a number of really interested persons lined up in
conununal work as at any time prior to the federation, and the
Digitized by
Google
190 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
only interest that may possibly be lacking is that superficial
interest that may have gone with the Charity Ball, Bazaar,
Program Advertising business. Those who care to know, and
are heartily interested in human welfare, will be found as ever
in the ranks of those who assume a working interest in com-
munal endeavor.
Exhibit C
TABLES
The following tables summarize most of the definite
information received from the various Federations in answer
to the questionnaire. It was thought desirable to confine this
to the amoimts received each year and to the number of mem-
bers. For other points the body of the Memoir must be
consulted, which contains other tables. In some cases dis-
tinction is made between sums received from memberships
and from other sources (bequests, donations, etc.), and it
seems desirable to keep this distinction wherever it was made.
The sums derived from other sources are inserted in italics
above the sums derived from memberships.
Digitized by
Google
ilii
CO ua IH rH
00 t^ (N 00
CO W "* IH
eg o (
t^ ^ o o
«0 00 kO to
t>- 00 O 05
O ■« U) (
r- Oi 55
eo o>
ig
eo CO
3S
CO C4
n
!S!iS
«r o" O O o" •^ •^ o" 00
IH O O C4 « CO
s
ct as O t, i3
n n pQ pQ n
•* «- — a» S S
• g Vi S « • .
! ft tt> O ^ BO .
J c3 -M Od S "2 •
- c 2 ► "S *
=> * S ^ 2 9*^
<u ft t« ft :
-s ^ o .s £ o a
ft. '
Digitized by
C^oogle
192
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
SUBSCRl
Name of City
1895
1890
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
19
Baltimore*
Baltimore (0)
Boston •• •
13,092
11,845
13,760
18,544
83,423
Brooklyn
Buffalo
Chicago
136,578
186,266
139,620
148
Chicago (0)
Cincimiati
S 8,260
1 8,191
\
32,087
31,546
Cleveland
Dayton
Des Moines
Detroit
1 3,826
281
3,704
Indianapolis . *
i
Lancaster
Little Rock
Louisville
Memphis
Mobile
New Orleans
Philadelphia
\
600
121,000
1,500
121,600
1.
Pittsburgh
)
121
St. Joseph
St. Paul
San Francisco
Toledo
Youngstown
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT
193
PTIONS
s
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
j 1,722
171,917
6,Skl
84,190
j 7,781
1 20,305
81,074
8,127
21,932
66,141
2,817
83,755
8,064
24,784
51,964
S 1,279
\ 90,901
2,719
13,002
368,209
2,202
95,016
5,782
27,075
62,490
758
101,741
1,650
16,002
388,235
25,182
91 ,396
8,942
30,368
5,109
132,529
21,944
15,809
443,686
5,700
92,448
2,059
31,273
83,706
5,007
157,477
5,567
17,407
622,170
1 94',058
5^,177
66,611
504
79,105
\
\
2,510
43,293
46,003
32,148
f 134,374
{ 2,807
i 5,923
148,948
1,5S6
6,593
195,051
[
214,454
j 248
1 10,868
249,460
2,578
9,625
300,900
«,451
168
146,611
16,011
87,504
66,999
[84,000
,...
j 16,988
131,017
j S95
1 41 ,850
S0,04S
32,144
S25
40,119
261
40,010
i 21,504
137,881
£72
47,428
19,644
50,336
S,48S
49,942
25,289
49,762
802
53,649
40A'tO
51,739
401
70,469
j 567
1 3,571
80,984
53,471
449
71,287
1,855
4,102
59,7^1
60,101
486
75,072
1,092
4,523
11,000
20,0#0
S88
,270
1,555
4,687
1,978
7,297
6,000
2^t74
9,094
6,000
2,516
10,258
7,000
2M4
12,593
8,000
1,695
13,870
9,500
2,551
14,942
10,000
2,808
18,188
10,000
5,480
21,966
10,000
6,528
24,497
10,600
260
3,600
25,086
29,814
9,310
260
8,600
25,997
89.758
J 428
8,118
\ 11,891
} 28,595
19,647
37,160
25,870
38,757
6,803
}
\
4,000
42,000
6,000
202,000
1.416
69,985
\ 9,000
1 4,000
7,617
8,577
131,139
225
6,879
200
400
61 600
,900
,000
1,500
119,000
1,600
145,500
2,000
141,000
2,500
144,000
S,000
138,000
8,500
140,000
4,000
145,000
4,000
170,000
4,500
170,000
S 3,440
1 68,305
1,000
7,657
17,110
127,457
568
6,996
250
4,000
\
805
121,561
198
6,752
J 250
5,265
124,187
811
7,154
250
1
1
j 262
1 6,546
\
6,000
Digitized by
Google
194 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Exhibit D
constitution
It has been thought desirable to append a skeleton consti-
tution for the use of any city desiring to start a Federation.
The respective clauses have been selected from the different
constitutions, the most elaborate of which are those of Phila-
delphia and Baltimore. It has not been found necessary to
supplement this by the article relating to the number of
officers, modes of election, and their duties when elected, rules
for stated meetings, method of amending constitution or
by-laws, and the number of subscribers, which apply to almost
every institution and are "common form."
CONSTITUTION OF THE FEDERATED JEWISH CHARITIES OF
Article I. The name of this organization shall be "The
Federated Jewish Charities of "
Article IL The purpose of this organization shall be the
collection of contributions to be devoted to the Jewish chari-
table organization of , which may become affiliated
with this organization, the amount of distribution to each
such organization to be determined as the Board of Directors
may from time to time deem proper.
Article III. The following Jewish organizations shall be
known as the Constituent Societies of this Federation, all of
which shall be the beneficiaries of the funds received from the
individual members of this Federation :
1 4.
2 5.
3 6.
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 195
Article IV. The Board of Directors by a three-quarters
vote of all its members shall have power to admit other
Jewish charitable and educational organizations to participate
therein, upon such terms and conditions as to it may seem
best, and may by the same vote drop any organization.
Article Vl Should any federated association refuse or
neglect to co-operate with the Federation in the manner pro-
vided by the Board of Governors, it may by resolution give
written notice to such association requesting it to conform to
the rules of the Federation. Should such association persist
in such neglect or refusal, the Board may by a vote of three-
quarters declare it to have withdrawn from the Federation,
and thereafter such association shall not be entitled to any
rights or benefits thereunder.
Article VL This Federation shall have no voice in the
management or control of any of the constituent members.
All real property, funds, bequests, devises, contributions, dona-
tions, and other resources now held or hereafter acquired by a
constituent member shall be and remain its separate property
and under its separate control.
Article VII . None of the constituent organizations shall
have a separate collection department for dues and subscrip-
tions, but the whole work of charity collection for such insti-
tutions shall be assumed by the Federation.
Article VIII. No constituent organization of this Federa-
tion, which, after its election as such beneficiary, shall give
any ball, bazaar, fair, excursion, picnic, theatrical benefit, or
other form of entertainment for which tickets are offered for
sale in or elsewhere, or shall encourage the sale of
such tickets for such benefit by persons not connected with
Digitized by
Google
196 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
such organizations, or receive the whole or part of the proceeds
thereof, or solicit money contributions other than permanent
endowments, legacies or devises from members of this Federa-
tion, shall receive any aid from the Federation.
Article iX. Any Israelite paying the sum of at least $10
per annum to this Federation shall be a member thereof for
the fiscal year for which said sum shall be 4)aid, and shall be
entitled to speak and vote at all meetings of the Federation,
and hold office therein.
Article X. The amoimts respectively contributed to this
Federation shall be apportioned by the Board of Governors
as follows: Where such contribution is equal to the total
amount paid by the members during the preceding year to the
organizations selected as beneficiaries, the Board of Governors
shall pay to such organization the money necessary to retain
such member in the membership class of such organization to
which he or they may heretofore have belonged. Where
such contribution is equal to the aggregate of such minimum
membership dues of all the organizations selected as bene-
ficiaries, the Board of Governors shall arrange with such
organization to place the name of such member upon the
membership list of all such organizations. Where such con-
tribution is less than the aggregate of such minimum member-
ship dues, the member subscribing may designate the respect-
ive organizations in which he desires membership, and in
default bf such designation, the Board of Governors may
make such apportionment of dues as they may deem proper,
by arrangement with the respective organizations.
Article XL The management and control of this Federa-
tion shall be vested in a Board which shall be styled the
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION MOVEMENT 197
Board of Governors, and which shall consist of persons selected
by the constituent members in the following manner :
Each constituent member shall appoint or elect, as it may
determine, the number of representatives to which it is en-
titled on the Board of Governors, and shall issue a certificate
of election or appointment to each such representative, the
presentation of which certificate shall be necessary for qualifi-
cation as a member of the Board of Governors. Upon quali-
fying, each representative shall serve on the Board of Govern-
ors for a period of one year, or until his or her successor
shall be elected or appointed by the constituent member which
he or she represents. No person shall be eligible for qualifi-
cation as representative of more than one constituent member
during the same term. Any vacancy in the representation of
a constituent member shall be filled by such member.
Article XII, On or before the .... of .... in each year,
each constituent member shall furnish to the Executive Com-
mittee, upon forms to be furnished by the secretary, a full
and complete report of its work and expenditures for the first
ten months of the then current calendar year, together with a
detailed statement and estimate of its financial requirements
for the ensuing calendar year. The Executive Committee shall
thereupon investigate such reports, and shall as soon there-
after as is practicable make its recommendation to the Board
of Governors as to the amount of the revenue of the Federa-
tion to be apportioned among the constituent members for
the said ensuing calendar year, and as to the apportionment
thereof. The Board of Governors shall, as soon thereafter
as is practicable, at the general or at a special meeting called
for that purpose, consider the recommendations of the Execu-
tive Committee and apportion so much of the revenues of the
Digitized by
Google
198 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Federation as they may determine among the constituent
members for the said ensuing year. The amount so appor-
tioned to the various constituent members shall be paid to
them during the said year as from time to time thereafter
shall be determined by the Executive Committee.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— CONTENTS 199
EVENTS IN 6676
July 1, 1914, to May 31, 1915
TABLE OF CONTENTS
A. United States
PAGE
I. The Government of the United States and Affahis of
Interest to the Jews 203
II. General Events of Interest to Jews
Bible in Schools; Religious Exercises in Schools; Sun-
day Laws; Facilities for Jewish Religious Observ-
ance; Miscellaneous 203
III. European War 206
IV. Jewish Communal Life
Anniversaries; Activity of Organizations; Other Events 208
Synagogues and Homes of Societies Dedicated 211
V. Appointments, Honors, and Elections 214
VI. Necrology 218
B. Foreign Countries
Australia and New Zealand
General; Appointments, Honors, and Elections; Nec-
rology 223
Austria-Hungary
I. General Events 224
II. Appointments, Honors, and Elections 224
III. Necrology 224
IV. European War
Events Affecting Jews; Towns Destroyed; Decora-
tions; Promotions; Necrology 225
Digitized by
Google
200 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Belgium page
Appointments, Honors, and Elections; Necrology;
European War 228
Bbazil
Appointments, Honors, and Elections 228
Bulgaria 228
Canada
General Events Affecting Jews; Jewish Communal
Life; Appointments, Honors, and Elections;
Necrology; European War 229
China 229
Denmark 229
Egypt
Necrology; European War 230
England 276
Fiji Islands
Appointments, Honors, and Elections 230
France
I. General Events Affecting Jews 230
II. Appointments, Honors, and Elections 231
III. Necrology 231
IV. European War
Events Affecting Jews; Decorations; Promotions;
Necrology 231
Germany
I. General Events Affecting Jews 233
II. Jewish Communal Life
General 233
III. Appointments, Honors, and Elections 234
IV. Necrology 234
V. European War
Decorations; Promotions; Necrology 235
Greece
Appointments, Honors, and Elections 238
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— CONTENTS 201
Iin>IA PAGE
Necrology 238
Italy
Greneral; Appointments, Honors, and Elections; Nec-
rology 238
Morocco 239
Netherlands
Greneral; Appointments, Honors, and Elections; Nec-
rology 239
Palestine 273
Portugal
Appointments, Honors, and Elections 240
ROUMANIA
General 240
RUSSLA.
I. Persecution and Repression
Attacks on Jews 241
Blood Accusation 241
Duma Discussion and Legislation 242
Boycott of Jews in Poland 243
Expulsions and Domiciliary Restrictions 244
Industrial and Professional Restrictions 246
Suppression of Zionist Propaganda 248
Elducational Restrictions , . 248
Other Forms of Repression 251
II. General Events Affecting Jews
Finland 252
Miscellaneous 253
III. Jewish Communal Life 255
IV. Appointments, Honors, and EJlections 255
V. Necrology 256
VI. European War
General Events Affecting Jews; Towns Destroyed;
Decorations; Promotions; Necrology 257
Servia
European War; Appointments, Honors, and Elections. 272
Digitized by
Google
202 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
SWITZEBLAND PAGB
European War 272
Turkey
I. Turkey (except Palestine)
General; European War 272
II. Palestine
General Events Affecting Jews; European War 273
III. Appointments, Honors, and Elections 276
Union op South Africa
Appointments, Honors, and Elections; European War. . 275
United IQngdom
I. General Events AFFEcnNO Jews 276
II. Jewish Communal Life 277
III. Appointments, Honors, and Elections 277
IV. Necrology 278
V. European War
Events Affecting Jews; Decorations; Promotions;
Necrology 279
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED STATES 303
UNITED STATES
THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES AND AFFAIRS
OF INTEREST TO THE JEWS
July 17. Representative Jefferson M. Levy (N. Y.) introduces
bill providing for the erection in Washington, D. C, of a monu-
ment to Uriah P. Levy. — December 16. Senator Charles S. Thomas
(Colo.) introduces amendment to Immigration Bill advocated by
Louis Marshall, exempting from literacy test aliens who are
seeking United States to escape religious persecution. Amend-
ment precipitates discussion on question as to whether Russian
persecution of Jews is due to religious or racial antagonism. —
Januaby. Numerous resolutions of protest against the passage
of the Immigration Bill adopted at public meetings in all parts
of the country. — 1. United States Senate passes Immigration
Bill containing literacy test by vote of 50 to 7. — 22. Hearing at
Washington, D. C, by President Wilson on Immigration Bill.
Delegations headed by Louis Marshall, of New York; Representa-
tive Sabath, of Chicago, and Representative Goldfogle, of New
York. — 28. President Wilson vetoes Burnett Immigration Bill
because of literacy test.
II
GENERAL EVENTS OF INTEREST TO JEWS
BIBLE IN SCHOOLS: — December 29. Nashville, Tenn., Board
of Education decides to compel the reading by teachers of a
chapter of the Bible every morning in every ** room and hall " of
every public school in the city. — January 25. Nashville, Tenn.:
State Senator Ike Stevens of Dyer County introduces bill providing
for daily reading of Bible in public schools. — ^March 22. Louisi-
ana Supreme Court decides that ordinance making compulsory
reading of Bible in public schools of Caddo Parish is unconsti-
tutional.— 25. Bills providing for reading of Bible in public schools
introduced in Ohio Legislature. Ohio Rabbinical Association and
Central Conference of American Rabbis oppose bills. — ^April 5. In
Vermont Legislature, bill for reading Bible in public schools
Digitized by
Google
204 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
defeated. — 8. Caddo, Louisiana, Board of School Directors decide
against Bible reading in public schools of parish. — Cincinnati,
O. : Union Board of High Schools go on record as opposed to read-
ing of Bible in public schools. — 16. Lansing, Mich.: Senate
rejects bill requiring reading of Bible in public schools of the
State.— 21. Albany, N. Y.: State Senate passes bill, 27 to 18, for
reading Bible in public schools. — 26. Albany, N. Y.: Bill provid-
ing for reading of Bible in public schools defeated. — New Jersey:
Bill to compel reading of Bible in public schools passes House of
Representatives. — May 3. Ohio: Consideration of the Totman-
Hines Bill (see Mch. 22), compelling reading of Bible in public
schools, indefinitely postponed.
RELIGIOUS EXERCISES IN SCHOOLS : —August 7. At Brown
University, Providence, R. I., daily chapel attendance is made
compulsory for all students. — September 18. Los Angeles, Cal.:
Rabbi S. Hecht demands of State Superintendent of Public
Instruction that some verses of a sectarian religious character be
eliminated from the school readers in use throughout the State. —
November 5. Rochester, N. Y. : Movement instituted in the public
schools to devote half a day each week to the teaching of religion,
pupils to be taught by teachers of their own faith. — December 24.
Boston, Mass.: Jewish children excused from participating in
Christmas exercises in public schools.
SUNDAY LAWS:— August 20. New York City: In Fourth
District Police Court, Abr. L. Saruya, electrician, Arrested for
violating Sunday Law, discharged because he observes Jewish
Sabbath. — February 12. Albany, N. Y.: State Senator Irving J.
Joseph introduces bill to permit those who observe Saturday as
the Sabbath Day to work on Sunday. — Brockton, Mass.: Mayor
refuses to permit Young Men's Hebrew Association to hold a
Sunday concert for benefit of the Jewish war sufferers. — 13. Bill
introduced in Massachusetts Legislature to permit Jews who
observe Saturday as the Sabbath to work on Sunday.
FACILITIES FOR JEWISH RELIGIOUS OBSERVANCE: —
November 20. Chicago, 111.: Board of Education adopts following
rule: "No deduction shall be made from the salary of a teacher
of the Jewish faith who may be absent on any day which the
Governor of the State of Illinois proclaims a religious holiday for
those of the Jewish faith." — December 11. Philadelphia, Pa.:
Municipal Court, in case of Felsh vs. Tonkin, upholds authority
of Rabbis and of the Vaad Ha-Kashruth in libel case. — January 29.
Nathan D. Shapiro, New York Legislature, introduces bill making
it a misdemeanor to falsely represent food as Kosher; signed
April 10, becoming operative from September 1. — April 1. Gov-
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED STATES 205
ernor Whitman, New York, signs Lockwood-Shaplro bill making
it a misdemeanor to falsely represent meat as Kosher. — 2. Chicago,
111.: Because municipal elections fall on Passover, Election Board
permits polling place officials to mark ballots for Jews. — ^Mat 7.
Utica, N. Y.: Establishment of a co-operative Jewish market,
because of continually advancing price of Kosher meat.
MISCELLANEOUS: — Jiily 2. Speaking before Sociological
Conference on racial prejudice against Jews, Nathaniel Schmidt
of Cornell University denies that Jews are a race. — ^August 24.
New York City, East Side: State Banking Department closes
private banks of M. and L. Jarmulowsky, Adolf Mandel,
and Max Kobre. Committee organized by New York Kehillah to
represent the depositors of these banks. — September 1. Cyrus
Adler, chairman of Jewish Community of Philadelphia, to avert
strike in ladies' garment industry, invites Mayer Sulzberger, John
Wanamaker, N. T. Polwell, John Mitchell, and Jacob D. Lit to
arbitrate differences between employers and workers in ladies'
garment industry. — October 9. Jefferson Levy offers to place
Monticello, home of Thomas Jefferson, at disposal of American
people. — January 16. United Hebrew Trades Union of New York
votes to furnish free meals to unemployed members of the affiliated
unions. — 19. New York City: Kehillah calls conference on un-
employment; resolution adopted that Kehillah make investigation
into extent of unemplojrment among Jews of this city and its effect
upon them. — 30. Anti-defamation League of America adopts
resolution condemning Jewish political clubs. — March 12. A. C.
Stein introduces bill in Pennsylvania Legislature making it a
misdemeanor for hotels, boarding houses, and other places of
resort to advertise or to issue printed matter stating that they
exclude persons because of any religion or race. — 16. Dedication
of Julius Rosenwald Hall, presented to Chicago University by
Julius Rosenwald, for research in geology and geography. — 19.
New York City: East Side Protective Association suggests estab-
lishment of Court of Education, where East Side shopkeepers and
peddlers may be instructed in laws governing their affairs. — ^April
15. New York City: Dedication of Isidor and Ida Straus Memorial
fountain, at Straus Park. — 23. Harry Plotz, bacteriologist of
Mount Sinai Hospital, New York City, succeeds in isolating typhus
fever bacillus. — 30. Joseph I. Gorflnkle, rabbi. Mount Vernon,
N. Y., brings about establishment of school courts for trial of
young delinquents; the Juvenile Court to be last resort. — May 11.
Senator Salus, of Philadelphia, introduces Into Pennsylvania
State Senate resolution urging equal rights for Jews in Russia. —
29. Stadium presented by Adolph Lewisohn to the College of the
City of New York dedicated.
Digitized by
Google
206 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
III
EUROPEAN WAR
August 4. Adolf Kraus, president of the Independent Order
of B'nai B'rith, cables to foreign lodges to aid all stranded
American members. — 13. Representatives of three hundred
thousand Jews connected with the United Hebrew Trades
adopt peace memorial, which is sent to President Wilson. — 15.
London cablegram to Jewish Morning Journal states that Lrondon
Times criticised the Yiddish daily newspapers of New York for
sympathizing with Germany. — 21. New York City: Special com-
mittee organized for relief for Galician Jews. — Rabbi Bernard
Drachman, president of the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congrega-
tions, composes prayer for use in affiliated synagogues during the
continuance of war. — Representative Clyde Kelly (Pa.) introduces
resolution (H. Res. 507) directing the Secretary of State to inform
the House of Representatives as to arrangements for transmitting
relief funds to Jews in belligerent countries. — 28. Hon. Oscar S.
Straus, in appeal for emancipation of Russian Jews, says that
sympathy with the allies would be much greater but for illiberal
policy of Russia. — 30. New York City: Conference of American
Zionists appoints a Provisional Committee, with Louis D. Brandeis
as chairman, to take over work of Berlin Actions Comit6, dis-
continued on account of war. Appeal for funds for this purpose
results in pledges and contributions amounting to thirty-four
thousand dollars, twenty-five thousand dollars being pledged by
Nathan Straus. — 31. Executive Committee of American Jewish
Committee, requested by Henry Morgenthau, American Ambassa-
dor to Turkey, to raise fifty thousand dollars for relief of Jews of
Palestine, appropriates twenty-five thousand dollars upon offer of
Jacob H. Schiff to contribute twelve thousand five hundred dollars;
Federation of American Zionists agrees to secure the balance.
— September 29. Independent Order of B'nai B'rith appeals for
funds on behalf of its lodges in Austria, Germany, and the
Orient. — October 4. New York City: Central Relief Committee
for sufferers from the European War formed. — 9. American
Jewish Committee invites national organizations to send delegates
to conference to consider organization of a general relief com-
mittee.— Alexander von Nuber, Austrian Consul-General at New
York, publishes communication addressed to the American Jewish
Committee which he received from the Israelitische Allianz,
Vienna, asking aid for Jewish refugees in Austria. — 25. New York
City: Conference of National Jewish organizations, under auspices
of American Jewish Committee, appoints committee comprising
Louis D. Brandeis, Harry Fischel, Meyer London, Julian W. Mack,
and Oscar S. Straus, to nominate committee of one hundred repre-
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED STATES 307
sentatives of all national organizations to raise and administer
relief fund for war sufferers. — November 15. New York City: At
Hebrew Technical School for Girls, meeting of representatives of
Jewish organizations forms general committee to raise funds for
war sufferers. — 20. New York City: Jewish Daily News receives
cablegram from Stockholm, Sweden, that special messenger from
Russian Poland reports many outrages upon the Russian Jews by
Poles. — 22. Roumanian lodges and organizations meet and protest
against reception of Roumanian envoys who will seek a loan for
their Government. — 27. State Department informs the American
Jewish Committee it has received assurances from the Turkish
Government stating that it will not expel Russian Jews, but will
permit them to become naturalized Turkish subjects en hloc, — ,
December 4. Julius Rosenwald, Chicago, 111., pledges one thousand*
dollars a month, during the continuance of the war, toward the
Zionist Emergency Fund. — Count Bernstorff, German Ambassador
at Washington, in letter to Herman Bernstein, editor of the Day,
New York, denies reports that German troops in Russian Poland
had been guilty of barbarities against Jewish population. — 11. In
dispatch to State Department, Consul Glazebrook, Jerusalem,
suggests sending a food-ship for relief of population of Palestine,
where suffering is intense. — American Jewish Relief Committee
receives cablegram from Jewish Colonization Association, Petro-
grad, asking for funds for relief of Jews in war zone. — 27. Grant
of one hundred thousand dollars for relief of Jews of Russia,
Poland, and Galicia voted by Executive Committee of the American
Jewish Relief Committee. — ^January 5. Great Britain and Turkey
consent to permit food and supplies for relief of sufferers to be sent
to Palestine. — 29. Louis Marshall, chairman of American Jewish
Relief Committee, receives telegram from William J. Bryan, Sec-
retary of State: " Americans brought from Palestine to Alexandria
being provided with transportation; six thousand foreign Jewish
refugees from Palestine, four thousand destitute, arrive in Alexan-
dria. Local Jewish community being given slight assistance,
except that French, Russian, and British consulates provide food
and Government and municipality homes; large numbers are still
expected, and funds for relief will be urgently needed." — February
5. Provisional Executive Committee for General Zionist Affairs ar-
ranges through Department of State to have the American consu-
late at Alexandria act as a depository and distribution agency for
Americans who desire to send money to their relatives in Pales-
tine.— 19. United States Navy Department places at disposal of
American Jewish Relief Committee space on naval collier, Vulcan,
for sending of food and medicine to Palestine. — [End]. Schmarja
Lewin, member of Inner Actions Comit6, now in New York, reports
to Federation of American Zionists the receipt of trustworthy
information that, contrary to rumors published, the property of
Digitized by
Google
208 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Jews in Palestine has not been confiscated, and that there have
been no excesses against the Jews by the local population. Anglo-
Palestine Bank is to reopen. Government of Turkey repudiates
unfriendly acts against individual Zionists committed by local
oflacials, and institutes investigation. Government issues instruc-
tions that even Jews who have not become Ottoman subjects shall
be permitted to remain in Palestine. — Mabch 1. American Jewish
Relief Committee receives cablegram from Jewish Colonization
Association, Petrograd, stating that Jewish needs are enormous
and daily increasing; tens of thousands of refugees coming from
Poland. In Galicia official permission secured to organize relief. —
14. United States collier Vulcan sails from Philadelphia with one
thousand tons of food and supplies purchased by and donated to
the American Jewish Relief Committee for Palestine. Stop made
at Alexandria, Egypt, Apl. 15, and seventy additional tons taken
on by special permission. — ^American Jewish Relief Committee
appropriates one hundred and fifty-five thousand dollars as fol-
lows: Fifty-five thousand dollars for Galician refugees in Austria
and Hungary; fifty thousand dollars for German Poland; fifty
thousand dollars for Russian Poland. — 26. Austrian Embassy-
issues list of atrocities perpetrated upon Galician Jews by Russian
forces. — ^April 25. New York City: At annual convention of Jew-
ish Community (Kehillah), subcommittee on report of American
Jewish Committee recommends that report be approved, but that
the Convention recommends the holding of an American Jewish
Congress. Convention votes to postpone discussion of subject for
one month. — May 21. American Jewish Relief Committee appeals
for Poland. Cable received by the Rockefeller Foundation, from
its commissioners in Poland, states : " Conditions in Poland are
much worse than the worst in Belgium or Northern France, and
the population is now actually starving. The most urgent need for
outside aid is for the Jewish population." — 28. Washington, D. C:
State Department, in a letter to Louis Marshall, president of the
American Jewish Committee, requests co-operation of Committee
in ascertaining the whereabouts and coming to the relief of
Galician Jews whose relatives here apply for aid to State Depart-
ment.— [End.] Ohio: William J. Klein introduces, in House of
Representatives, and Louis P. Pink in Senate, preamble and reso-
lution requesting the United States Government to advocate
emancipation of Jews in belligerent countries.
IV
JEWISH COMMUNAL LIFE
ANNIVERSARIES:— September 30. Zion Congregation, Chi-
cago, 111., celebrates golden jubilee. — October 9. Jewish Review
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675-~UNITED STATES 209
and Observer, of Cleveland, O,, celebrates twenty-fifth anniversary.
— NovEMBEB 5. Newark, N. J.: Hebrew Ladles' Immediate Relief
Society celebrates twenty-fifth anniversary. — Januaky 23. Hebrew
Relief Society, Kansas City, Mo., celebrates twenty-fifth anni-
versary.— Mabch 13. New York City: Celebration of twenty-fifth
anniversary of founding of Baron de Hirsch Fund in America. —
21. New York City: Educational Alliance celebrates twenty-fifth
anniversary. — 30. Rev. Wm. Armhold, Philadelphia, Pa., celebrates
half century of his ministry with Congregation Keneseth Israel. —
April 11. New York City: Seventieth anniversary of foundation
of Temple Emanu-El. — 23. Akron, C: Temple Israel celebrates
golden jubilee. — May 16. Brooklyn, N. Y.: Congregation Beth
Israel Anshe Emeth celebrates tenth anniversary. — 30. Phila-
delphia, Pa.: Jewish Hospital celebrates golden jubilee.
ACTIVITY OF ORGANIZATIONS:— July 2-7. Detroit, Mich.:
Twenty-fifth Annual Convention of Central Conference of American
Rabbis, Moses J. Gries presiding, adopts suggestion of Solomon
Foster, Newark, N. J., that name of schools be changed from
Sunday Schools to religious schools; adopts resolutions, (1) To
protest against distinctively sectarian celebration, by municipali-
ties, of Christmas; (2) Christians related by marriage to Jews
may be buried in Jewish cemeteries if there is no sectarian service
at the grave and no Christian s3ncnbol on the monuments; (3)
Appoints committee to harmonize the civil laws of the States
with the Mosaic laws relating to marriage and divorce. — 17. New
York Board of Jewish Ministers incorporated. — August 31.
American Jewish Committee appropriates two thousand five
hundred dollars towards an orphan asylum at Sofia, Bulgaria,
for the Jewish orphans of Balkan War. — December 3. At seventh
triennial convention of the Council of Jewish Women, after
withdrawal of Sadie American as Executive Secretary, resolutions
adopted of appreciation of her work and of endeavor to secure the
retaining of her services in the Department of Immigrant Aid. —
January 21. Chicago, 111.: Biennial Convention of National
Federation of Temple Sisterhoods adopts resolution that the
Union establish an Inter-Congregational Membership, entitling
members to a seat in any synagogue of the Union. — Chicago Asso-
ciation of Jewish Women rejoins the Council of Jewish Women. —
F^BUARY 5. Worcester, Mass.: Annual meeting of District 1,
Grand Lodge B'nai B'rith. Resolutions adopted: (1) That at close
of European War a congress of representatives of national and
international Jewish organizations of the world be held to consider
the situation of the Jew in connection with the peace negotiations;
(2) Thanking President Wilson for vetoing the Burnett Immigra-
tion Bill; (3) That a committee be appointed to devise means for
relief of Jewish residents of New York who may be in distress. —
Digitized by
Google
210 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
March 5. Boston, Mass.: Boston Section, Council of Jewish
Women, decides to rejoin National body. — Washington, D. C,
Savannah, Ga., and Youngstown, O.: Seceded sections of Council
of Jewish Women rejoin the National organization. — 7. American
Jewish Committee appropriates five thousand dollars for the Inter-
national Pro-Falasha Committee. — 21. Federation of Roumanian
Jews of America, at meeting, registers formal protest against
Roumanians violation of the Berlin treaty of 1878 with respect to
the Jews. — ^April 19. Seceded Toledo Section of Council of Jewish
Women rejoins National organization. — 23. Union of Orthodox
Jewish Congregations incorporated by New York State Legislature.
— 25. New York City: Jewish Community (Kehillah) at annual
convention adopts resolutions: (1) Creating Board of Jewish
Education, consisting of twenty-five, with power to collect and ad-
minister a Jewish Education Fund, to help schools of city to work
out the problem of Jewish education upon a self-supporting basis.
(2) Appointment of odc hundred prominent orthodox persons to
organize orthodox congregations of New York City into a federa-
tion, to co-operate with rabbis and supervise and enforce the
Kosher law. — May 3-5. San Francisco, Cal. : Tenth Constitutional
Convention of the Independent Order of B'nai B'rith adopts resolu-
tions, (1) creating a Social Service Bureau, under direction of the
Executive Committee; (2) imposing a per capita tax on all mem-
bers for an emergency charity fund, to be administered by the
district lodges. — 9. Provisional Executive Committee for General
Zionist Affairs adopts resolution urging the convening of an
American Jewish Congress "at the proper time and on a demt)-
cratic basis." — 10. Bureau of Industry of New York Kehillah
satisfactorily terminates the strike of fur workers, Newark, N. J. ;
four hundred men return to work. — 23. New York City: Kehillah
at adjourned convention adopts resolution expressing itself in
favor of " the idea of holding a conference of delegates from Jewish
societies throughout the country, chosen by their membership, for
the sole purpose of considering the Jewish question as it affects
our brethren in belligerent lands," and recommends to the Ameri-
can Jewish Committee that it hold a special meeting of its members,
with all convenient dispatch, to consider the advisability of calling
a conference of the character favored by this convention. — New
York City: At annual meeting of American Branch of Alliance
Israelite Universelle, Richard Gottheil criticises action of Hilfs-
verein der deutschen Juden in matter of Haifa Technicum. — 24.
Atlantic City, N. J.: Independent Order Free Sons of Israel, at
annual convention, adopts resolutions approving President Wil-
son's attitude on Lusitania incident. — 30-31. Federation of Russian
Polish Hebrews of America, at seventh annual convention, adopts
resolutions opposing further restriction of immigration, and favor-
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED STATES 211
ing an American Jewish Congress, to help Jews of Europe and to
protest against persecution.
OTHER EVENTS:— July 17. Jewish Salem Relief Committee,
formed of representatives of the national Jewish organizations,
appeals for funds for relief of Jewish victims at Salem, Mass.,
fire. — November 9. New York City: Temple Emanu-El approves
suggestion of Joseph Silverman that the temple be open for rest,
meditation, and prayer, daily from 9 a. m. to 6 p. m., and that a
noonday service be held. — 13. New York City: Congregation
Shearith B'nai Israel abolishes family pews. — Febbuaby 14. New
York City: Hebrew Veterans of the Spanish War present to
Hebrew Orphan Asylum memorial tablet struck from bronze of
the battleship Maine. — March 25. New York City: Loan fund
for benefit of depositors of closed East Side banks established;
trustees are Felix Adler, Julius Goldman, Mortimer L. Schiff,
Bernard Semel, and Cyrus L. Sulzberger.
SYNAGOGUES AND HOMES OF SOCIETIES DEDICATED
ARKANSAS -
Lrrxi^ Rock. — Leo N. Levi Memorial Hospital, Nov. 1, 1914.
CALIFORNIA
Oakland. — Sinai Congregation, Sept. 13, 1914.
COLORADO
Denver. — Samuel Grabfelder Medical Building of the National
Jewish Hospital for Consumptives, Jan. 10, 1915.
CONNECTICUT
Watebbury. — Hebrew Institute, Nov. 15, 1914.
DELAWARE
Wilmington. — Chesed Shel Emeth Synagogue, Feb. 21, 1915.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Washington. — Hebrew Home for the Aged, Oct. 25, 1914.
Young Women's Hebrew Association, Jan. 10, 1915.
KENTUCKY
Louisville. — ^Young Men's Hebrew Association, Feb. 16, 1915.
LOUISIANA
New Orleans. — Agudath Achim Anshe Sfard Synagogue, Jan. 10,
1915.
Digitized by
Google
212 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
MARYLAND
Baltimore. — Beth Israel Synagogue, Jan. 24, 1915.
Hebrew Hospital Memorial Maternity Building, Apl. 18, 1915.
Independent Order B'rith Sholom, Jan. 31, 1915.
MASSACHUSETTS
Boston. — Congregation Tifereth Israel, Feb. 7, 1915.
Young Men's Hebrew Association, West End, Apl. 25, 1915.
Chelsea. — Congregation Tzemach Tzedek Anshe Lebavitz, Feb.
21, 1915.
DoBCHESTEB. — Congregation Hadrath Kadesh, Mch. 14, 1915.
East Sauqus. — ^Ahawath Shalom Synagogue, July 26, 1914.
Everett. — B'nai Israel Synagogue, Oct. 11, 1914.
Maplewood. — Temple Tifereth Israel, Jan. 3, 1915.
Salem. — Sons of Jacob Synagogue, Sept. 13, 1914.
Springfield. — Hebrew Free School, Nov. 1, 1914.
Taunton. — Agudath Achim Synagogue, Sept. 7, 1914.
MICHIGAN
Detroit. — Phoenix Country Club, Sept. 7, 1914.
MINNESOTA
Minneapolis. — Talmud Torah, Feb. 28, 1915.
St. Paul. — Adath Jeshurun Synagogue, Oct., 1914.
MISSOURI
St. Louis. — United Hebrew Temple Annex, Sept. 8, 1914.
NEW JERSEY
Atlantic City. — ^Beth Israel Synagogue, July 25, 1914.
Rodef Shalom Synagogue, Sept. 13, 1914.
Glen Ridge. — Congregation Guardian of the Faith, Nov. 15, 1914.
HoBOKEN. — Star of Israel Synagogue, May 16, 1915.
Jersey City. — ^Agudath Sholom Synagogue, May 16, 1915.
Passaic. — Hebrew Institute, Dec. 13, 1914.
NEW YORK
Buffalo. — Home for the Aged, May 1, 1915.
Jewish Community Building, Oct. 11, 1914.
Mount Vernon. — Young Men's Hebrew Association, Sept. 13, 1914.
New Yc«k City
Brooklyn and Queens.— Adath Israel Synagogue, Coney Island.
Nov. 8, 1914.
Beth Elohim <Keap Street Temple), rededicated, Mch. 26.
1915.
Brooklyn Jewish Institute, Mch. 21, 1915.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED STATES 213
Children's Haven of Temple Israel, Far Rockaway, Sept., 1914.
Kesher Achlm Synagogue, Sept. 6, 1914.
Mishgen Israel Hebrew Free School, Jamaica, Nov. 8, 1914.
Synagogue Ohle Moshe (Williamsburg), Dec. 13, 1914.
Manhattan and the Bronx. — Bronx Federation of Jewish Chari-
ties Day Nursery, Oct. 18, 1914.
Daughters of Israel of Harlem, Annex, May 2-4, 1915.
Hospital for Deformities and Joint Diseases, Dispensary,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Young Women's Hebrew Association, Nov. 22, 1914.
Rochester. — Jewish Sheltering Home, Sept. 13, 1914.
RocKvnxE Center. — B'nai Shalaum Synagogue, May 2, 1915.
Saratoga Springs. — Shaarey Tefilah Synagogue, July 12, 1914.
SYRACUSE.^-Poiley Tsedeck Synagogue, Sept. 13, 1914.
Jewish Social Institute, Nov. 29, 1914.
OHIO
Cincinnati. — ^Jewish Center, Dec. 12, 1914.
Orthodox Jewish Home for the Aged, Sept. 27, 1914.
Cleveland. — Commonwealth Club, Sept. 10, 1914.
Lima. — Temple Beth Israel, Feb. 7, 1915.
T01.EDO. — B'nai Israel Synagogue, Sept. 6, 1914.
OREGON
Portland. — B'nal B'rith Lodge Community Building, Oct., 1914.
PENNSYLVANIA
Beaver Falls. — Agudas Achim Synagogue, Sept. 6, 1914.
Chester. — Ahavath Israel Cemetery, Sept. 27. 1914.
Eagleville. — Philadelphia Jewish Sanatorium for Consumptives,
Oct. 4, 1914.
Erie.— B'nal B'rith Orphanage, Aug. 30, 1914.
Homestead. — Rodef Sholem Synagogue, Sept. 6, 1914.
McKeesport. — ^B'nai Israel Synagogue, Oct 11, 1914.
Philadelphia. — Benedict Gimbel Memorial School, Jan., 1915.
Benjamin F. Teller Memorial Synagogue, Jan. 30, 1915.
Beth Jacob Synagogue, May 16, 1915.
Jewish Hospital Medical Building, Mch. 14, 1915.
Northern Free Loan Association, Oct. 25, 1914.
Sons of Israel Synagogue, Sept. 13, 1914.
Pottsville. — Oheb Zedek Synagogue, Aug. 30, 1914.
TENNESSEE
Knoxville. — Temple Beth-El, Sept. 20, 1914.
Memphis. — Baron Hirsch Synagogue, May 2, 1915.
Digitized by
Google
214 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
TEXAS
San Antonio. — Council of Jewish Women's Kindergarten, Oct. 5,
1914.
WEST VIRGINIA
Kimball. — Beth Jacob Congregation, Aug. 23, 1914.
WISCONSIN
Milwaukee. — Mount Sinai Hospital, Nov., 1914.
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Abbamson, Isidor, New York City, appointed Clinical Professor
of Neurology, at New York University and Bellevue Hospital, Feb.,
1915.
Adleb, Simon L., Rochester, N. Y., re-elected to State Legis-
lature, Nov. 3, 1914.
Alexandeb, Moses, Bois6, Idaho, elected Governor, Nov. 3, 1914.
Appelt, Louis, , S. C, re-elected State Senator, Nov. 3, 1914.
Abanow, Fbank, New York City, elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Baghabach, Isaac, Atlantic City, N. J., elected to House of
Representatives, Washington, D. C, Nov. 3, 1914.
Bebnstein, J. Sidney, New York City, elected Delegate to
State Constitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914.
Bebnstein, Maubice, Cleveland, O., appointed, by Governor,
Municipal Court Judge, Dec, 1914.
BiCK, Louis R., Brooklyn, N. Y., appointed, by President,
United States District Attorney, Jan. 30, 1915.
Block, D. Maubice, New York City, elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Bbenneb, Jacob, Brooklyn, N. Y., elected Delegate-at-large to
State Constitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914. — ^Appointed chair-
man of Committee on Corporations of State Constitutional Con-
vention, Apl., 1915.
BuBKAN, Nathan, New York City, elected Delegate to State
Constitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914.
BuxBAUM, IsiDOB, Brooklyu, N. Y., elected Delegate to State
Constitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914.
Cabo, Maubice, Boston, Mass., re-elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Castleman, Philip, Boston, Mass., appointed, by Mayor, Director
of the Bacteriological Laboratory of the Boston Board of Health,
Mch., 1915.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED STATES 215
Cutler, Harry, Providence, R. I., appointed, by Governor,
chairman of State Immigration Commission, Aug., 1914.
DiNKELSPiEL, H. G. W., San Francisco, Cal., appointed Consul-
General and legal adviser of Siam, May, 1915.
Einstein, Lewis, New York, sent by President to Turkey, to
assist Ambassador Morgenthau, Mch. 13, 1915.
Eisner, Mark, New York City, elected Delegate to State Con-
stitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914. — Appointed Collector of
Internal Revenue for the Third District, Mch. 3, 1915.
Ellenbogen, Abram, New York City, elected to State Legisla-
ture, Nov. 3, 1914.
Ettelson, Samuel A., Chicago, 111., re-elected State Senator,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Evans, William S., New York City, elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Feinbebg, Aaron A., New York City, elected to State Legis-
lature, Nov. 3, 1914.
Fertig, Moses M., New York City, elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Finkelstein, Nathan B., Brooklyn, N. Y., elected to State
Legislature, Nov. 3, 1914.
FisHBERG, Maurice, New York City, appointed Clinical Professor
of Tuberculosis at the New York University and Bellevue Hos-
pital, Feb., 1915.
Flexner, Simon, New York City, awarded degree of Sc. D., by
Brown University, Oct. 15, 1914.
Foreman, Milton J., commander of First Cavalry, I. N. G.,
elected commander-in-chief of the National Commandery of the
Naval and Military Order of the Spanish-American War, May 14-15,
1915.
Frank, Julius, Ogdensburg, N. Y., elected Mayor, Nov. 3, 1914.
Friedland, Walter M.,» New York City, elected to State Legis-
lature, Nov. 3, 1914.
Fromberg, Joseph, Charleston, S. C, elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
GrODSCHAux, Edmond, Sau Francisco, Cal., re-elected President of
County Recorders Association of California, Mch., 1915.
Goldberg, Mark, New York City, re-elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Goldwasser, I. E., New York City, appointed District Superin-
tendent of Public Schools, Sept., 1914.
GooDHART, S. P., New York City, appointed Assistant Professor
of Neurology at College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia
University, Feb., 1915.
Goodman, Chas., appointed Clinical Professor of Surgery at New
York University and Bellevue Hospital, Feb., 1915.
Grkenhut, Adolph, Pensacola, Fla., re-elected Mayor, Oct., 1914.
Digitized by
Google
216 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Habowitz, Abbaham, New York City, elected Delegate to State
Constitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914.
Habtman, Gustav, New York City, elected Municipal Court
Judge, Nov. 3, 1914.
Heyman, Habby, Brooklyn, N. Y., elected Delegate to State
Constitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914.
HiNES, Gabbiel L., Swarthmore, Pa., awarded second prize of
fifteen hundred dollars, offered by directors of Panama-Pacific
EiXposition, for American Cantata, Dec, 1914.
HiBSCH, Emil G., Chicago, 111., named, by Mayor, member of
the Morals Commission, Jan., 1915.
HiRSCH, Hiram H., Philadelphia, Pa., awarded, by Franklin
Institute, gold medal for invention of miners* electric safety lamp,
Dec., 1914.
HoBNEB, Henby, Chicago, 111., elected Judge of Probate Court,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Isaacs, Chables, appointed United States Consul at Montreal,
Canada, Oct., 1914.
Joseph, Ibving J., New York City, elected to State Senate,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Kahn, Julius, San Francisco, Cal., re-elected to House of Repre-
sentatives, Washington, D. C, Nov. 3, 1914.
Kaufman, Moses, Lexington, Ky., appointed Postmaster, Dec. 31,
1914.
Kindeb, Aabon S.,. Philadelphia, Pa., elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Kbeidel, Samuel, EUensburg, Wash., elected Mayor, Dec, 1914.
Levine, Manuel, Cleveland, O., elected Court of Common Pleas
Judge, Nov. 3, 1914.
Levine, Max S., New York City, elected Municipal Court Judge,
Nov., 1914.
Lewis, Habby E., Brooklyn, N. Y., •appointed, by Governor,
County Judge of Kings County, Mch., 1915.
LiNDE, Joseph, Brooklyn, N. Y., elected Delegate to State Con-
stitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914.
Loeb, Hanau W., St. Louis, Mo., appointed Dean, Medical
Department, St. Louis University, July, 1914.
Loebl, Louis, Cleveland, O., promoted Chief of City Immigration
Office, Jan., 1915.
London, Meyeb, New York City, elected to House of Repre-
sentatives, Washington, D. C, Nov. 3, 1914.
Lowe, John Z., Jb., New York City, appointed Collector of
Internal Revenue, Mch. 13, 1915.
Marshall, Louis, New York City, elected Delegate-at-large,
State Constitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914. — Appointed chair-
man of Committee on Preamble and Bill of Rights and vice-
chairman of Committee on Judiciary of State Constitutional
Convention, Apl., 1915.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED STATES 217
Mendelsohn, Isaac, New York City, elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
MiNTz, Jacob, elected President Ohio Chiefs of Police, Aug., 1914.
Mois6, M., Charleston, S. C, elected to State Legislature, Nov.
3, 1914.
Newbergeb, Harry W., New York City, elected Delegate to State
Constitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914.
Obebmeyeb, Leonard J., New York City, appointed Deputy
Attorney General, Dec, 1914.
Oppenheimer, B. S., New York City, appointed Assistant Pro-
fessor of Medicine at College of Physicians and Surgeons of
Columbia University, Feb., 1915.
Perlman, Nathan D., New York City, elected to State Legis-
lature, Nov. 3, 1914.
Rabinowitz, Joseph, Woodbine, N. J., re-elected Mayor, Nov.
3, 1914.
Robinson, Robert, Boston, Mass., re-elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Rosen AU, Milton J., Boston, Mass., appointed State Pathologist,
Jan. 27, 1915.
Rosenbloom, Ben L., Wheeling, W. Va., elected State Senator,
Nov. 3, 1914.
RosENWALD, Julius, Chicago, 111., named, by Mayor, member of
Industrial Commission, Jan., 1915.
RowE, Leo S., Philadelphia, Pa., appointed by Secretary of
Treasury McAdoo to be secretary-general of the Pan-American
financial conference. May, 1914.
Sabath, a. J., Chicago, 111., re-elected to House of Representa-
tives, Washington, D. C, Nov. 3, 1914.
Sabath, Joseph, Chicago, 111., appointed a Judge of Court of
Domestic Relations, Jan., 1915.
Salinger, Benjamin L., Carroll, la., appointed Judge of Supreme
Court, Jan., 1915.
Sargent, Isaac, Brooklyn, N. Y., elected member of Constitu-
tional Convention from the Tenth Senatorial District, Nov., 1914.
ScHAPiRO, Louis, Milwaukee, Wis., appointed member of Inter-
national Health Commission of Rockefeller Foundation, Jan., 1915.
ScHARLiN, Sidney, New York City, elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
ScHiFP, Jacob H., New York City, elected Vice-President of the
New York Chamber of Commerce, Oct., 1914.
ScHiMMEL, Henry S., New York City, elected to State Legis-
lature, Nov. 3, 1914.
Selling, Ben, Portland, Ore., elected to Slate Legislature, Nov.
3, 1914. — Elected Speaker of State House of Representatives, Jan.
11, 1915.
Shapiro, Isadore, Birmingham, Ala., elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Digitized by
Google
218 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Shapibo, Nathan, New York City, elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
SiEGEL, Isaac, New York City, elected to House of Representa-
tives, Washington, D. C, Nov. 3, 1914.
SiLBEBSTEiN, Bebnhabd, Duluth, Miuu., elected city commis-
sioner, ApL, 1915.
Steinbebg, Joseph, New York City, elected to State Legislature,
Nov. 3, 1914.
Steinbrink, Meier, Brooklyn, N. Y., elected Delegate to State
Constitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914.
Straus, Aubrey H., Richmond, Va., appointed Professor of
Bacteriology, Virginia Medical College, July, 1914.
Ullman, Alfred, appointed Professor of Anatomy, College of
Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, Md., Aug., 1914.
Ungeb, Albert, New York City, elected Delegate to State Con-
stitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914.
Wachsmann, S., New York City, appointed Clinical Professor
of Medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia
University, Feb., 1915.
Wafer, Moses J., Brooklyn, N. Y., elected Delegate to State
Constitutional Convention, Nov. 3, 1914.
Warburg, Paul M., New York City, appointed, by President,
member of Federal Reserve Board, Aug., 1914.
Weinstein, Myeb, appointed, by President, Collector of Customs,
Buffalo, N. Y., Aug., 1914.
VI
NECROLOGY
Abrahams, Harris, Confederate veteran, Nashville, Tenn., aged
80, Oct. 18, 1914.
Adelman, Aabon J., rabbi, Roxbury, Mass., aged 75, Apl. 12, 1915.
Anixteb, Judah E., rabbi, Chicago, 111., aged 85, July 20, 1914.
Bach, Marcus, merchant, Brooklyn, N. Y., aged 90, Oct. 28, 1914.
Baer, Jacob, president of Board of Education, Hancock, Mich.,
aged 69, Jan. 5, 1915.
Bak, Henry, surgeon in United States Army, Atlanta, Ga., aged
68, May 25, 1915.
Baumgabten, Julius, designer of seal of the Southern Con-
federacy, Washington, D. C, aged 80, May 30, 1915.
Beer, Isaac, Civil War veteran, St. Louis, Mo., aged 97, Mch. 28,
1915.
Bendann, Daniel, photographer, Baltimore, Md., aged 79, Dec.
6, 1914.
Billstein, Emma L., physician and editor, Baltimore, Md., aged
60, Dec. 20, 1914.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED STATES 219
Bleyeb, Julius Mount, throat specialist, New York City, aged
56, Apl. 3, 1915.
Bloch, Philip, chief clerk of the Board of Magistrates, New
York City, aged 55, Oct. 24, 1914.
Block, Joseph, iron manufacturer, Chicago, 111., aged 83, Dec. 6,
1914.
Blumenthal, Moses, rabbi. New York City, aged 86, Apl. 16,
1915.
Bbentano, Simon, bookseller and publisher, Orange, N. J., aged
56, Feb. 15, 1915.
Bbylawski, Michael, communal worker and Confederate
veteran, Philadelphia, Pa., aged 75, Jan., 1915.
Cahn, DAvm, cantor, New York City, aged 63, Feb. 5, 1915.
Cantob, Louis, rabbi, Philadelphia, Pa., aged 75, Mch., 1915.
Cantob, Moses, rabbi, Brooklyn, N. Y., Oct. 31, 1914.
Cabdozo, J. Lopes, rabbi in Holland, physician, Brooklyn, N. Y.,
aged 83, Nov., 1914.
Caspabi, Leopold, former member of State Legislature and
Senate, Natchitoches, La., aged 85, Mch. 12, 1915.
Cohen, KLathebine M., sculptor and painter, Philadelphia, Pa.,
aged 55, Dec. 14, 1914.
David, Mbs. Gebtbude V., communal worker, New York City,
aged 89, Nov. 2, 1914.
Dbeyfus, Joseph, Confederate veteran, Kansas City, Mo., aged
89, May 8, 1915.
Einstein, Benjamin F., lawyer. New York City, aged 70, Feb.
27, 1915.
Englandeb, Ludwig, operetta composer. Far Rockaway, N. Y.,
aged 64, Sept. 18, 1914.
Falk, L. M., Civil War veteran, Decatur, Ala., Jan., 1915.
Falkenstein, Mbs. Estheb, founder of the Falkenstein Settle-
ment, Chicago, 111., aged 47, Apl. 27, 1915.
Feinbebg, Samuel D., rabbi. New York City, aged 80, Dec. 22,
1914.
FoBSCH, Abbaham, municipal worker, Cleveland, O., aged 75,
Feb. 27, 1915.
Fbohman, Chables, theatrical manager. New York City, aged
55, on Steamship Lusitania, May 7, 1915.
Glixman, Moses J., Hebrew scholar, Worcester, Mass., aged 73,
May 9, 1915.
Goldsmith, Bebnabd, communal worker, Brooklyn, N. Y., aged
81, Sept. 25, 1914.
Goodman, Elias, former alderman and at one time acting Mayor,
New York City, aged 67, Feb. 25, 1915.
Goodman, Jacob, rabbi, Chicago, III., Apl., 1915.
GoBDON, Samuel R., rabbi, Houston, Tex., aged 57, Oct. 24, 1914.
Digitized by
Google
220 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Green, J. C, advertising magnate, San Francisco, Cal., aged 45,
Sept, 1914.
Green, Reuben, Civil War veteran, Philadelphia, Pa., Sept., 1914.
Greenstone, Mrs. Julius H., communal worker, Philadelphia,
Pa., Sept. 10, 1914.
GuTTMACHER, Adolf, rabbi, Baltimore, Md., aged 54, Jan. 17, 1915.
Hahn, Joseph, rabbi, Newark, N. J., Mch. 6, 1915.
Hammerstein, Harry, lieutenant Ninth New York Regiment,
New London, Conn., July 28, 1914.
Harburger, Julius, former Excise Commissioner, Sheriff, and
member of State Legislature, New York City, aged 64, Nov. 9, 1914.
Hart, Henry H., physician, served on State Board of Examiners
and Board of Health, San Francisco, Cal., aged 62, Mch. 5, 1915.
Hart, Judah H., manufacturer, Cincinnati, O., aged 78, Nov.
8, 1914.
Hays, Simon, merchant, New York City, aged 84, July, 1914.
Hecht, D'Orsay, Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases at
Northwestern University, Chicago, 111., aged 41, Feb. 16, 1915.
Heller, H. N., rabbi and teacher, Portland, Ore., aged 54, May
28, 1915.
Herzberg, Philip, communal worker, Baltimore, Md., aged 93,
Dec, 1914.
HiRscH, Joseph H., communal and municipal worker, Atlanta,
Ga., at Atlantic City, N. J., aged 69, Sept. 10, 1914.
Hirsch, Manuel, colonel on staffs of Governors Haskell and
Williams, Tulsa, Okla., aged 54, Mch. 3, 1915.
HusiK, Wolf, Hebrew scholar, Philadelphia, Pa., aged 78, Oct.
15, 1914.
HuTZLER, DAvm, communal worker, Baltimore, Md., aged 71,
Jan. 21, 1915.
Jacobs, H. R., theatrical manager, Schenectady, N. Y., Jan., 1915.
Kavitski, Israel D., rabbi, Chicago, 111., aged 58, Sept. 21, 1914.
Kempner, Otto, chief judge of Magistrates* Court, Brooklyn,
N. Y., aged 56, Oct. 8, 1914.
Klein, Charles, dramatist. New York City, aged 48, on Steam-
ship Lusitania, May 7, 1915.
KoHN, Isaac, financier, San Francisco, Cal., Apl., 1915.
Lasky, Max, lieutenant of police of New York City Department,
New York City, aged 52, Feb. 1, 1915.
Lavanburo, Mrs. Amelia, communal worker. New York City,
May 19, 1915.
Lehman, David S., communal worker and philanthropist, Den-
ver, Colo., aged 50, Apl. 22, 1915.
Lester, SmNEY, Civil War veteran, Bensonhurst, L; I., aged 75,
Nov. 13, 1914.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED STATES 221
Levy, Abraham R., rabbi, Chicago, III., aged 57, Apl. 24, 1915.
Levy, Benjamin M., rabbi, Utlca, N. Y., at Akron, O., aged 54,
July 4, 1914.
Levy, Joseph B., inventor of photo-engraving camera, Phila-
delphia, Pa., aged 64, Mch. 26, 1915.
Lion, Sylvain, Civil War veteran, Galveston, Tex., aged 75, May
23, 1915.
LoEWENTHAL, DANIEL, rabbi, New York City, aged 62, Oct. 2, 1914.
LoEWENTHAL, JuLius W., financier, Chicago, 111., aged 45, May
28, 1915.
LOEWENTHAL, Max, formcr editor, manufacturer, and communal
worker, Rochester, N. Y., aged 71, Sept. 1, 1914.
Masks, David, American member of the Panama Joint Land
Commission, at Panama, July 17, 1914.
Marks, I., merchant and Confederate veteran. Meridian, Miss.,
in New York City, Aug. 21, 1914.
Marks, Solomon, surgeon, Milwaukee, Wis., aged 87, Sept. 29,
1914.
Marx, Wm. S., former president of Board of Public Service,
Cincinnati, O., aged 55, Mch. 2, 1915.
Mayer, A. Marcus, Civil War veteran and municipal worker,
Bradford, Pa., aged 78, Dec. 13, 1914.
Mayer, David, brewer. Confederate veteran. New York City,
aged 88, Oct. 22, 1914.
Mendelsohn, Sigmund, Civil War veteran. New Orleans, La.,
aged 73, Oct 30, 1914.
Myers, Abraham, rabbi, Los Angeles, Cal., aged 66, Dec. 4, 1914.
Nathan, Gratz, lawyer. New York City, aged 72, Apl. 27, 1915.
Neumann, Moses, Hebrew scholar. New York City, aged 70,
Nov. 6, 1914.
Newman, Charles I., a founder of Carson City, Nev., New York
City, aged 81, Nov. 14, 1914.
Oppenheimer, Lee, publisher, College Point, L. I., aged 66, Sept.
12, 1914.
Pareira, David A., twice member of Missouri Legislature, St.
Louis, Mo., at Chicago, 111., aged 64, Nov. 2, 1914.
Peizer, Israel, scholar and writer, Boston, Mass., aged 58,
Sept. 30, 1914.
Prince, Abraham D., jeweler, former director of Chamber of
Commerce, Washington, D. C, aged 68, May 15, 1915.
Rauh, Leopold, president State Chamber of Commerce and
Dayton Chamber of Commerce, Dayton, O., aged 65, Mch., 1915.
Robertson, Julius, manufacturer and philanthropist, New York
City, aged 66, Oct. 28, 1914.
Rosen, Abraham, rabbi, New Haven, Conn., aged 60, Apl. 10,
1915.
Digitized by
Google
222 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
RosEWATER, Joseph, communal worker, Cleveland, O., aged 72,
Feb. 1, 1915.
Saalburg, WnxiAM, newspaper publisher, San Francisco, Cal.,
aged 80, Sept. 20, 1914.
Sabsovich, H. L., social worker, manager of Baron de Hirsch
Fund, New York City, aged 55, Mch. 23, 1915.
Salomon, Moise, cantor, San Francisco, Cal., Mch. 15, 1915.
Sam, Joseph, lawyer and former City Attorney, Houston, Tex.,
aged 50, Feb., 1915.
Samuels, Levi, former District Deputy Grand Master of Masons,
New York City, aged 73, May 8, 1915.
ScHiNDLEB, Solomon, rabbi-emeritus, Boston, Mass., aged 73,
May 5, 1915.
ScHOR, Israel, cantor, New York City, aged 50, Nov. 6, 1914.
ScHWARzw ALDER, Henry, manufacturer, New York City, aged 62,
May 10, 1915.
Seasonqood, Lewis, banker, Cincinnati, O., at Atlantic City,
N. J., aged 87, Nov. 24, 1914.
Sebman, August, Civil War veteran, Camden, N. J., aged 81,
Nov. 29, 1914.
Seliqman, Henry, banker and philanthropist. New York City,
aged 91, Jan. 17, 1915.
Shields, Mrs. Retta, communal worker, Cincinnati, O., on
Steamship Lusitania, May 7, 1915.
Shrier, Joseph, manufacturer and Civil War veteran, Cleveland,
O., aged 66, Mch. 13, 1915.
Spagat, Joseph Wolf, merchant, Norfolk, Va., aged 71, Apl. 22,
1915.
Spector, Aaron, rabbi, St. Louis, Mo., aged 81, Apl. 1, 1915.
Stein, Lewis, former Mayor of Alexandria, Va., at Philadelphia,
Pa., aged 82, Feb. 2, 1915.
Stern, Aaron, rabbi, Chicago, 111., aged 66, July 21, 1914.
Stern, David, Professor of Chemistry at Ohio Dental College,
Cincinnati, O., aged 57, Nov. 8, 1914.
Stern, William A., railroad director, Philadelphia, Pa., aged
54, Sept. 4, 1914.
Sternberger, Moses, Civil War veteran, Brownsville, Tenn., aged
80, Jan., 1915.
Sternberger, Mrs. Pauline, philanthropist. New York City,
aged 78, Mch. 5, 1915.
Stolz, Melvin L., Ensign U. S. N. Aviation Corps, Pensacola,
Fla., aged 27, May 8, 1915.
Straus, Hiram, editor and publisher, Cleveland, O., Mch. 20, 1915.
Straus, Jacob, banker, Ligonier, Ind., aged 84, Sept. 15, 1914.
Street, Bernard, rabbi, Baltimore, Md., aged 54, Aug. 10, 1914.
Stumes, Bernhard, communal worker, Milwaukee, Wis., at
Charlevoix, Mich., aged 68, Aug. 27, 1914.
Digitized by
Google
E3VENTS IN 5675— AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND 223
SuLZBACHER, Louis, former federal judge of Porto Rico and of
the Indian Territory, New York City, aged 72, Jan. 22, 1915.
SussMAN, Maurice, Civil War veteran, Cincinnati, O., aged 74,
Dec. 5, 1914.
Teitlebaum, Marcus, merchant, Nashville, Tenn., at New York
City, aged 65, Sept. 16, 1914.
Teller, Michael, Civil War veteran, Philadelphia, Pa., Dec.
25, 1914.
Waldstein,. Louis, pathologist and author, New York City, at
London, aged 61, ApL, 1915.
Weil, Henry, trustee of University of North Carolina, Golds-
boro, N. C, aged 68, Aug. 10, 1914.
Weil, Moritz, rabbi, Chicago, 111., aged 61, Aug. 29, 1914.
Weingart, Samuel, educator, New York City, at High Mount,
N. Y., aged 66, Aug. 14, 1914.
Werthan, Meier, merchant, Nashville, Tenn., aged 72, Sept.
9, 1914.
Wertheimer, Samuel, merchant, Pittsburgh, Pa., aged 82, May 3,
1915.
Weyl, Max, landscape painter, Washington, D. C, aged 77, July
6, 1914.
Wolf, Aaron, merchant and Civil War veteran, Chicago, 111.,
aged 76, Dec. 18, 1914.
WoRMSER, IsiDOR, retired banker. New York City, at Sospel,
Southern Prance, July 3, 1914.
ZiPSER, SiGMUND, rabbi, Brooklyn, N. Y., aged 50, Nov. 29, 1914.
B
FOREIGN COUNTRIES
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND
GENERAL
January 8. Victoria: The Jewish Agricultural Settlement at
Shepparton decides to perpetuate memory of Isaac Jacob, of
Melbourne, by naming the settlement Zichron Jacob. — March 12.
Auckland, N. Z. : Arthur H. Myers, M. P., presents Myers' Park to
the city; also kindergarten building to be erected in the park.
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Myers, A. M., Auckland, N. Z., re-elected to Parliament, Mch.,
1915.
NECROLOGY
Myers, A. L., president of Christchurch Hebrew Congregation,
Christchurch, N. Z., Feb., 1915.
Digitized by
Google
224 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY
GENERAL EVENTS
July 10. Memorial services held by Jews throughout Austria
In honor of Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife. — 17. Kis-
marton (formerly Elsenstadt) (Hungary) : Jewish quarter.
Including house In which Rabbi Aklba Eger was born, destroyed
by fire. Prince Esterhazy presents estate at Elsenstadt for site
of a new Jewish school, to replace one burned down. — Budapest:
Council of Jewish Community increases congregational taxes, to
cover reduction of income resulting from Balkan Wars. — 31.
Vienna: Gift of one hundred thousand kronen ($20,000) by the
Rothschild family to the Red Cross Fund. — Jacob Stroh, Imperial
Councillor, gives three hundred thousand kronen ($60,000) to
home for indigent tradesmen. — Augusts. Budapest: Organization
of Union of Hungarian Jews, to unite Jewish people in Hungary
under central flag, and represent them in all matters with the
Government.— OcTOBEB 16. Gallclan anti-Jewish agitators demand
that Jews be prohibited from owning land in Gallcla. — Sadagora
and Bayan (Bukowina) destroyed by fire.
II
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Alexander, Bernard, Budapest, appointed Dean of the Faculty
of Philosophy of the University, July, 1914.
Gbuen, Joseph, Vienna, appointed to bench of the Court of
Appeal, July, 1914.
Lauer, , Bonthar, appointed chief rabbi of Jewish colonies
in Argentine, July, 1914.
Mayer, Karl Moritz, Vienna, member of City Council, given
freedom of city on attaining seventieth birthday, Dec, 1914.
PoMERANZ, Caesar, elected Dean of University of Czernowitz,
July, 1914.
Ill
NECROLOGY
Frankl von Hochwart, Lothar, Professor of Neurology, Vienna,
Jan., 1915.
GoLDMARK, Carl, composer, Vienna, aged 85, Jan. 3, 1915.
Klein, Moritz, Chief Rabbi, Nagybecskerek, aged 73, May, 1915.
LiEBEN, Adolph, Professor of Chemistry, Vienna, aged 78, July,
1914.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— AUSTRIA-HUNGARY 225
RicHETTi, Edmondo de, president of Chamber of Commerce,
Trieste, Oct., 1914.
Schuster, Elias, physician, Arad, aged 84, July, 1914.
Simon, Joseph, Royal Councilor, Budapest, Mch., 1915.
Wechselmann, Fbau Ignaz von, philanthropist, Elizabeth Order,
Second Class, and Gold Cross of Merit, Budapest, aged 75, July
31, 1914.
IV
EUROPEAN WAR
Events Affecting JEv\rs
August. Brody: Tov^rn is fired; but flames arrested later by
Russian troops. — September 11. Austrian Government in pro-
clamation to Russian Poland promises religious and civil equality
to all sects and asks their co-operation against the Czar. — Emperor
sends twenty thousand Tallisim for use of Jewish soldiers on
battlefield during the holidays. — October 2. Austrian authorities
release Russian-Jewish poet Byalik, who leaves Vienna for Switzer-
land.— ^Austrian Jewish institutions assist Russian Jews. — 16.
Czernowitz: Dr. Weiselberg, Jewish Mayor, sent to Russia as
prisoner of war. — Pogroms est»ecially directed against the Jews
reported in Bukowina; Russian troops restore order. — 23. Tarno-
pol, Galicia: Jewish Hospital destroyed by shells. Fifteen Jews
hidden in cellar lose their reason. — 30. Czernowitz: Panic upon
appearance of placards urging attack on Jews. Authorities
destroy the placards, and adopt protective measures to reassure
the Jews. — November 6. Stari Sambor: The shops, mostly Jewish,
plundered by Hungarian troops. — In one town the Russian com-
mander arrests forty Jews for spreading rumors; twenty released
on receipt of one hundred thousand kronen ($20,000). Russian
authorities carry out searches and return to Jewish owners goods
stolen from them by Poles. — 20. Austro-Hungarian Embassy in
Washington publishes statement of merchant Trautener that on
Sept. 29 Russians at Lemberg incite pogrom without provocation.
Soldiers fire at Jews, killing fourteen and wounding thirty-eight.
Rabbi Braude dragged through the streets. — Kamenka (Galicia)
mob, on retreat of Austrian troops, attack Jewish quarter, and
pillage houses and business places. — December 4. Lvov (Lem-
berg) : Jews recognize permanence of Russian occupation, and
join fellow-citizens in welcoming arrival of Russian Archbishop
Evlogy. — 18. Galician leader, Bendasuk, attacks Jews in press,
and advises against according them equal rights in new Polish
kingdom. — January 8. Second evacuation of Czernowitz by
Austrians followed by attack on Jews, which is stopped by
Russian troops. — Tarnopol: Russian authorities give assurances
of safety to panic-stricken Jews. Jewish judges permitted to
Digitized by
Google
226 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
continue at their posts. — 15. Czernowitz: Jews ordered to deposit
fifty thousand roubles ($25,000), as guarantee that they will not
assist Austria. — 29. Neshava, Zechotozinek, and Alexandrovo
deserted. Rodnitza and Volkovishki: Enormous losses. Jewish
communities also abandon Suleyev, Kernoz, and Inovlodz. Tarno-
brzeg, Galicia, ruined as result of battles and pogroms. — Budapest:
Nineteen students of Rabbinical Seminary volunteer, although
exempt from military service. — March 19. Vienna: Chief Rabbi
induces Government to consent to wholesale distribution of pota-
toes to Orthodox Jews for Pesach, as Matzoth have been
improperly prepared on account of war — Przemysl: Seven thou-
sand Galician Jews expelled by Russian invaders. — Apbil 23.
Galicia: Count Bobrinsky, Russian military governor, opposes
ownership of land by Jews, on ground they are unfitted for
physical labor, and suggests that such land, comprising 30 per
cent of estates in Galicia, be made over to a special land fund.
Special commission appointed by Russian Government to investi-
gate matter favors ownership of land by Jews. — 30. Czernowitz
suffers heavily from fire. — May 28. Louis Friedman, New York
City, publishes appeal of Hungarian Rabbis for funds for the
Rabbinical Schools in Hungary, where pupils face starvation.
Towns Partially or Wholly Destroyed
November 6. Podheitze, Husiatyn, and Temboole: Galician Jew-
ish townlets burnt in course of battle. — ^Halicz: The Jewish
quarter burnt by retreating Austrians. — 13. Jewish quarters of
Balshevitzi and Bolshavi, Galicia, burnt by Austrians. — 27. Belsitz
and Burgatch, Jewish townlets, Galicia, almost completely
destroyed. — Brod: Fire set to town; twelve Jews and three
hundred houses burnt. — January 1. Austrians burn the Jewish
townlets, Visoka and Turobin, in Galicia. — 15. Galician townlets
Rozvadov, Tarnobrzeg, and Nosk burnt. — ^April 30. Galicia: The
Kurjer Lwowski published at Lvov reports: Solovetz, Skoverzin,
Rozdanov, Nisko, Rudnik, Ulanov, Debno, and Piedmiestie-Yaros-
lavsko totally burned. Townlets from Yoroslav to Nalivod par-
tially burned and pillaged. Muidan, Tarnobrzeg, Dzikov, Zebov,
Chogrevitsch, Pelkini, and Mochatchov totally plundered. Brody,
Rava, Russka, Kolomea, Stryj, Tarnopol, and Szoitkov suffer
heavily.
Decorations on Field of Battle
August 27. Julius Reif, Schonberg, Moravia, awarded gold
medal. — October. Karl Brust receives Cross of a Knight of Francis
Joseph. — November 4. Theodor Rosenthal decorated with the
Signum Laudis and War Medal. — 20. Emil Levy, non-commis-
sioned oflacer, decorated. — Leopold Redlich, surgeon, awarded
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— AUSTRIA-HUNGARY 227
Cross of the Knight of Francis Joseph. — Max Ullmann, lieutenant-
colonel, receives Iron Cross. Otto Eisler and Mendel Fuss,
Przemysl, receive gold medals. — December. Ludwig Loewy,
ensign, receives gold medal. Leo Lustig, Richard Adler, Adolf
Breit, Wm. Wunderlich, Corporal Schick, Josef Oszwald, Albert
Schoenhof, and Ensign Karl Neubauer, receive silver medal, first
class. — ^Arthur Berger receives military merit Cross with war deco-
ration.— ^Richard Stoessler receives medal and army reward. —
Sigmund Bruell awarded golden merit Cross and medal. — Moritz
Mansch, Lemberg, receives military merit Cross. — Moritz Kornfeld,
lieutenant, receives merit medal. — Alfred Fried and Samuel
Leitner awarded golden merit Cross. — Oscar Freund, Budweis,
receives golden merit Cross. — Sander Kanizsay receives from
Emperor the Cross of the Order of the Knights of Francis Joseph,
with the ribbon of the military Cross. — O. Goldstein, lieutenant,
receives the Signum Laudis. — February. Philip Rievezes, Karl
Radlmesser, Arnold Raschkes, Leopold Herz, Isaac Hoffman, Victor
Mandl, all physicians; and Ludwig Kiesler, Rudolf Silberstein,
Max Hammel, Moritz Kornfeld, Paul Heller, Isaac Barbag, Ed-
mund Schwartz, Hans Schwartz, Heinrich Knopfelmacher, and
Franz Deutsch, receive the Francis Joseph Order. — Herman Ritter
von Eiss decorated with the Cross of nobility, third class. —
Alexander Szasz, lieutenant, decorated. — April. Adolph von Korn-
haber, lieutehant field-marshal, decorated with Order of a Knight
of Francis Joseph. — Medal for bravery awarded to Ludwig Lichten-
stein, Budapest. — Meyer de Rothschild, baron, captain of the
Dragoons, wins distinction. Three sons of lieutenant field-marshal
von Schweitzer win distinction. — Adam Klein receives gold medal.
— Joseph J. Gerstl, sub-lieutenant, decorated.
Promotions
November. Conrad Sachsel, first lieutenant, promoted captain. —
December. Adolph Kornhaber von Pills, Drohobycz, promoted
lieutenant field-marshal. — January. Simon Baer, engineer, com-
missioned lieutenant. — February. Ludwig von Mises, Vienna,
promoted lieutenant. — Guido Fuchsgeld, Vienna, and Leo Kor-
nitzer, Hamburg (an Austrian subject), appointed lieutenants. —
Max Reich, Vienna, appointed lieutenant. — ^April. L. Muehlfelder
appointed sub-officer. — ^Karl Schwartz, retired colonel, promoted
major-general. — Joseph J. Gerstl promoted sub-lieutenant.
Necrology on Account of War
July 31. — First Austrian officer to fall in Serbian campaign
was Joseph Knerber, a Jew. — October 24. Paul Erdeley,
lieutenant, Budapest. — Richard Grunfeld, surgeon, Vienna. —
Richard Subak, lawyer. — November. Alfred Baderle^ lieutenant,
9
Digitized by
Google
228 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Galician expedition. — Adolf Flecker, commander In northern cam-
paign, aged 56. — D. Hescheles, lieutenant, Lemberg, at Novos-
relitza. — ^Emanuel Krausz, colonel, 52d Infantry, aged 50. — Decem-
ber. Leopold Mayer, champion swimmer. — Hermann von Eiss,
captain of sapper corps. — ^Ludwig Domeney, active leader of
General Zionist Committee, Budapest, on battlefield at Galicia. —
Adolf Fleischer, lieutenant, Prague. — ^January. Jans Thorsch,
ordnance officer of the infantry. — Bcthold Marmorstein, lieuten-
ant, aged 35. — Siegfried Wiener, lieutenant, in battle near Ivan-
gorod. — ^Adolph Fleischer, lieutenant-colonel. — ^Hugo Hirschfeld,
major. — ^Mabch. Irltz, lieutenant, Budapest — 20. Richard
Neubauer, lieutenant, Karlsbad, aged 30. — April. L. Muehlfelder,
appointed sub-officer, with Iron Cross. — Hermann Blumenberg,
cantor at Great Kanisza.
BELGIUM
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Hymans, Paul, appointed Minister for Belgium to Great Britain,
Feb., 1915.
NECROLOGY
Kahn, Leman, educator and author, Brussels, aged 88, Feb. 4,
1915.
EUROPEAN WAR
August 3. Brussels: Conference of Jews appeals for funds to
relieve Jewish sufferers from war. — 21. Jewish refugees, espe-
cially from Antwerp, expelled upon proclamation of martial law,
report themselves on verge of starvation. — October 2. Li^ge:
Thirty Jewish students of the University burnt in club house. —
FimRUABY 12. Ejmil Vandervelde, prominent Socialist leader and
member of Cabinet, declares that when peace terms are negotiated,
the Socialists are prepared to demand equality for Jews of Russia
and Roumania.
BRAZIL
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Reiss, Hugo, appointed Consul-General for Brazil at Shanghai,
July. 1914.
BULGARIA
October 30. Sofia: Christian churches organize system of prose-
lytism by sermons of a character to arouse fanaticism of masses
and to provoke anti-Semitism.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— DENMARK 229
CAN-ADA
GENERAL EVENTS AFFECTING JEWS
January 15. Ortenberg and Lazarovitch, Jews of Quebec,
awarded damages In libel suit against Plamondon and Leduc.
Former delivered scurrilous antl-Jewlsh lecture, and latter repro-
duced it in the press.
JEWISH COMMUNAL LIFE
July 10. Montreal: Canadian Jewish Times suspends
publication. — Montreal: Canadian Jewish Chronicle, a weekly,
established. — Toronto: Appointment of board to arbitrate disputes
between Jews. — Toronto: Zionists organize an Achuzah under
name of the Toronto Palestine Land Comnany. — October 29.
Toronto: Anti-Mission Society formed under leadership of Rabbi
Julius Price.
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Gold, Edwabt>, Vancouver, B. C, elected Mayor of South Van-
couver, Jan., 1915.
NECROLOGY
Ansel, D.^ communal worker, Mexican Consul-General for
Canada, Montreal, aged 60, Oct. 21, 1914.
AscHER, Isidore G., poet and editor, aged 79, Sept., 1914.
Cohen, Lazarus, communal worker, Montreal, aged 71, Dec,
1914.
EUROPEAN WAR
August 21. Louis Gurolsky, broker of Ottawa, writes to
Minister of Militia, offering to equip a Jewish regiment.
CHINA
July 3. Hong Kong: Ellis Kadoorie gives sixteen t>«ouFand
dollars to UnlversHy. — September 5. Shanghai: E. A. Hardoon
offers to equip, at his own expense, a mounted force drawn from
local British residents.
DENMARK
October 16. Copenhagen: Bureau established to give informa-
tion concernine the Universities In England, Sweden, Norway,
Denmark, and Holland, to Jewish students. — ^November 13. Georg
Brandes In Politlken, Copenhagen, condemns anti-Jewish agitation
in Poland on the eve of its political renaissance.
Digitized by
Google
230 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
EGYPT
NECROLOGY
NoBSA Bey, doyen of Municipal Staff, Alexandria, Mch., 1915.
EUROPEAN WAR
OcTOBEB 16. Government grants permission for export of gold
for relief of Jews In Palestine. — April. Alexandria: Organiza-
tion of Zlon Mule Transport Corps, a Jewish legion composed
almost entirely of Palestinian refugees. The Federation of
American Zionists issues a statement regarding report In the Yid-
dish Press that three hundred Russian Zionist refugees from
Palestine have not joined the army of the Allies voluntarily, but
that the Russian consul demanded their discharging their military
duty to Russia, and being unable to send them back, arranged
with the British Consul at Alexandria for their entering the
British Army.
ENGLAND
(See United Kingdom)
FIJI ISLANDS
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Marks, Harry, Suva, appointed, by King, member of Executive
Council of Fiji, July, 1914.
FRANCE
GENERAL EVENTS AFFECTING JEWS
July 10. Paris: M. Galli, member of Paris Municipal Council,
complains of Jewish mendicancy, and advocates stricter applica-
tion of immigration regulations. Premier Vivlanl promises to
appoint commission on new immigration restrictions. — Henri
Deutsch de la Meurthe presents to French National Conservatory
of Arts and Trades annual contribution of five thousand francs
($1,000), to be devoted to instruction in aeronautics. — 17. Paris:
Art collection of Count Isaac de Camondo, valued at several
million francs, bequeathed to the Louvre, with sum necessary for
maintenance of collection, to be known as the Camondo Museum.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— FRANCE 231
II
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Caen, Maecel, appointed deputy to the Chief of the Cabinet of the
Minister for Public Works, Aug., 1914.
Carence, , commandant, appointed on General Staff of
Minister for War, July, 1914.
Cb6mieux, Maxime, receives from French Academy of Sciences
prize of one thousand five hundred francs ($300), July, 1914.
Levy-Uixmann, Henki, Lille, appointed Principal Secretary to
Minister for Public Works, July, 1914.
Milhaud, Albert, appointed Principal Secretary to Minister of
Labor, July, 1914.
Strauss, , appointed sub-chief of a Department at Ministry
for War, July, 1914.
Strauss, Paul, Senator, receives gold medal from Minister of
Interior, Mch., 1915.
VALABRfeGUE, , formcr Sub-Prefect, appointed Assistant
Secretary to French Prime Minister, M. Viviani, Mch., 1915.
in
NECROLOGY
Blumenthal, Ferdinand, merchant, Chevalier of Legion of
Honor, Paris, Oct. 27, 1914.
Dreyfus, Leopold Louis, banker. Cons. 1-General for Roumania
and Commander of the Order of the Legion of Honor, of the
Russian Order of St. Anne, and of the Star of Roumania, Paris,
aged 82, Apl., 1915.
Leven, Narcisse, communal worker, president of Alliance
Israelite Universelle and of the Jewish Colonization Association,
I Paris, aged 82, Jan. 6, 1915.
Levy, Seligman, rabbi, Paris, Jan., 1915.
Lyon, Camille, president of section of Council of State, Paris,
aged 61, Jan., 1915.
Merzbach, Saul, banker and Chevalier of Legion of Honor,
Paris, May, 1915.
Seligman, Edmond, lawyer, Paris, Apl. 23, 1915.
IV
EUROPEAN WAR
Events Affecting Jews
August 21. Report that Rothschilds contribute one million
francs ($200,000) to fund for the relief of war widows and
Digitized by
Google
232 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
orphans. — Septbmbeb. M. Haguenauer, Chief Rabbi of Besancon,
appointed chaplain to the Seventh Army Corps of France. —
October 30. Goyernment placards in Yiddish the walls of the
streets of the Jewish quarter of Paris, notifying residents who
are subjects of the Allies that they are at liberty to apply at
the City Hall for pecuniary assistance during the war. — ^Novembeb
20. French members of the Rothschild family return their Aus-
trian titles of nobility to the Emperor Francis Joseph. — 27.
Lun^ville: At meeting of Municipal Council, after reoccupation
by the French, the Mayor reports five Jewish victims of the
Germans, including Madame Kahn, ninety years old, and the
rabbi, M. Weill, and his daughter. — Decembes 31. Max Nordau,
native of Hungary, writes from Madrid that he has identified
himself with France in war. — Mabch 12. Thann: Synagogue
destroyed in bombardment of town by Germans. — ^Apbil 20. Alli-
ance Israelite Universelle announces continuance of activities of
all institutions in Ottoman Empire. — May 14. French Jews dis-
approve proposal that Jewish question be brought up at a peace
conference, citing that power of Catholicism was broken because
of interference of Catholics in political aftairs. — 28. Two Jewish
newspapers suspended by censor. Society of Human Rights peti-
tions Grovernment for permission to issue a new Jewish publica-
tion.
Decorations on Field of Battm:
January. Maizelis, Russian volunteer in French army,
decorated. — ^Apbil. P. E. Grumbach and Camille L6vi, colonels,
and Jules L6vy and J. E. Schneider, captains, receive appointment
of Officers of the Legion of Honor. — Jules Heymann, general, made.
Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor. — May. Albert Lubetzki,
Paris, receives military medal.
Promotions
November. Cahn, captain, promoted Chief of Battalion. —
Lemant, colonel, appointed ad interim Commandant of the
Fifteenth Brigade of Infantry. — February. L6vy, lieutenant-
colonel, appointed Chief of General Staff of fortress of Cherbourg. —
Carvallo, lieutenant-colonel, appointed commander of a
Division of Artillery. — Georges Netter, sergeant, holder of military
medal. — March. Heymann, general, promoted General of
Division and given command of an army corps. — Commandant
Kahn promoted Officer of Legion of Honor. April. Kahn, major,
appointed lieutenant-colonel. — May. Bokanowski, member of Par-
liament, promoted lieutenant. Camille Levi, colonel, promoted
Officer of Legion of Honor. — 5. Gelsman, lieutenant-colonel,
promoted colonel.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— GERMANY 233
Necbology on Account of War
August. Weill, rabbi, Lun6ville. — Septembeb 7. Abraham
Bloch, rabbi, Lyons, chaplain in battle of St. Die. — November.
Greorges Weill, lieutenant; Cr6mieux, sub-lieutenant; Cohen,
sergeant and aviator pilot; and Capper, killed on battlefield.
— Georges L^vy, captain; Arthur Bloch, corporal; Ren6 Samama,
and Henri Valabr6gue. — December. Meyer Wolff Vexler, rabbi.
Chaplain at Vedun. — ^April. Albert Levy, professor, volunteer,
aged 47.
GERMANY
GENERAL EVENTS AFFECTING JEWS
July 3. Olpe (Prussia) : Shehitah prohibited by Town Council.
— Bavaria: Minister of Education orders all Jewish students to
attend synagogue on Jewish Sabbaths and holidays. — Law intro-
duced in Bavarian Diet providing that Jewish teachers may
teach in Jewish schools only. — 10. Professor Dr. Ewald, lecturing
at Strassburg University on Physiology of the Nervous System,
speaks favorably of Shehitah. — Breslau: Werner, member of
Reichstag, delivers violent speeches against the increase of Jewish
infiuence. — 17. Prussian Parliament decides Jewish synagogue
officials be placed on same footing as those of churches in respect
to exemption from taxation. — 81. General von Kleist in the
Kreuzzeitung states that Jews are not admitted to rank of officer
in the army, because Germany is essentially a Christian State,
and Judaism fs the sworn enemy of Christianity, preaching pro-
gressive political views, and seeking to destroy the Prussian State
by advocating social democracy.
II
JEWISH COMMUNAL LIFE
GENERAL:— July 24. Berlin: Representatives of the Hilfs-
verein meet with demand, conditional upon certain needed
subscriptions being forthcoming, that the offices of the Haifa
Curatorium be separated from those of the Hilfsverein, and the
work of the Institute be carried on as that of an entirely inde-
pendent body. — October 23. Berlin: Russian Jewish Emancipa-
tion Committee formed with Franz Oppenheimer chairman. — Die
Welt suspends publication, and Judische Rundschau becomes
official Zionist organ.
Digitized by
Google
234 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
III
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Apolant, , Berlin, appointed honorary professor to Uni-
versity of Frankfort, Nov., 1914.
Aronson, a., member of Prussian Diet, appointed Civil Commis-
sioner for the Russian provinces occupied by Germans, Apl., 1915.
GoLDSCHMiDT-RoTHSCHiLD, ALBERT VON, made attach6 of the
Prussian Embassy at Munich, Dec, 1914.
Heilbebg, , Breslau, elected by City Council as presiding
officer, Jan., 1915.
Marum, Ludwig, Karlsruhe, returned to Diet of the Grand
Duchy of Baden, Nov., 1914.
May, Max, judge, Osthofen, Hesse, appointed Government prose-
cutor. May, 1915.
MiTTwocH, Eugene, appointed professor of Semitic Languages
at University of Berlin, May, 1915.
Sachs, Hans, appointed honorary professor to University of
Frankfort, Nov., 1914.
Strassman, Ferdinand, Berlin, receives honorary freedom of
the city, Feb., 1915.
Wassermann, Dr. von, Berlin, receives from the President of
France the Officer's Cross of the Legion of Honor, Aug. 7, 1914.
IV
NECROLOGY
Barth, Jacob, professor and Geheimrat, Berlin, aged 65, Nov.,
1914.
Berliner, Abraham, educationalist and Hebrew scholar, Berlin,
aged 82, May, 1915.
Eger, Georg, professor of Railroad Law, Berlin, Feb., 1915.
GuMPRicH, Gottlieb, Oberregierungsrat, Ludwigshafen, Feb.,
1915.
Herz, William, Geheimrat, Berlin, aged 91, Oct., 1914.
ITZKOWSKY, HiRSCH, publisher, Berlin, Jan., 1915.
Jeremias, Karl, Zionist leader, Posen, Oct. 16, 1914.
KoppEL, GusTAv, manufacturer and philanthropist, Solingen,
Feb., 1915.
Levin, Moritz, rabbi, Berlin, aged 72, Jan., 1915.
Liebermann, Karl, professor of chemistry, Berlin, aged 72, Jan.,
1915.
LoEWE, LuDwio, nose and throat specialist, aged 70, Dec. 25, 1914.
Meyer, Richard M., Privatdozent, authority on German Litera-
ture, Berlin, aged 54, Nov., 1914.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— GERMANY 235
Perlhefter, Salomon, Imperial Councilor, Bremen, aged 63,
Feb. 18, 1915.
Plaut, Adolf, rabbi, Frankfort, aged 72, Jan., 1915.
Rode;^berg, Julius (pseud, of Levy), poet, author, traveler,
Berlin, aged 84, July 11, 1914.
Rosenthal, Isidor, Geheimrat and Extraordinary Professor of
Physiology, Erlangen, aged 79, Feb., 1915.
Simon, Heinrich V., communal worker, Berlin, in Switzerland,
aged 58, Aug. 20, 1914.
Wolffsohn, David, merchant and Zionist leader, Cologne, aged
58, Sept. 15, 1914.
EUROPEAN WAR
August 2. Zionist Jewish National Fund headquarters trans-
ferred from Cologne to The Hague. — 7. Lipman offers
fifteen thousand marks ($3750), first voluntary contribution to
war fund. — 21. Shalom Aleichem and family arrested and cruelly
treated at German spa as suspected Russians; later deported and
arrive at Copenhagen. — September 4. Jewish Colonization Associa-
tion closes all its emigration stations. — 18. Verband der deutschen
Juden and the Central Verein deutscher Burger jiidischen Glau-
bens issue call to all Jews to enroll in army and navy. — October 2.
Government permits Berlin Jewish Community and Hilfs verein
der deutschen Juden to assist stranded Russian Jews. — 9. Ger-
mans ill-treat Jews of East Prussian towns, accusing them of
having welcomed Russians during temporary occupation by Rus-
sian army. — 16. Commander of army ordered to notify Jewish
soldiers that those desiring Kosher food may apply for it. — 30.
Rabbi Beerman, grand Jewish chaplain of army, issues a special
abridged prayer-book for Jewish soldiers. — November 6. Berlin:
The Staatsburger Zeitung announces that it will cease to be
anti-Semitic organ. — Anti-Jewish agitator writes to Volkserzieher,
anti-Jewish paper, that after witnessing the conduct of German
Jews on the battlefield he is completely cured of anti-Semitism. —
Rabbi Dr. Hildesheimer, aided by influential Jewish organizations,
obtains release of thirty Russian rabbis, arrested at German spas
upon declaration of war. — 13. Germans distribute Mebasser,
periodical in Hebrew and Yiddish, among Jews occupying Russian
territory. The text includes manifesto to the Jews of Poland prom-
ising them complete equality and liberty. — 27. The Lokal An-
zeiger, Berlin, suggests that Government treat Jewish, Polish, and
Finnish subjects of Czar who are detained in Germany more
leniently than other Russians. — December 11. Government orders
schools to admit children of subjects of enemy nations on same
Digitized by
Google
236 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
footing as German children. — Chief of Prussian Red Cross Issues
notice drawing attention to complaints of anti-Semitism in Red
Cross, and declaring that the Government deprecates such displays,
which are opposed to the spirit of the movement. — 18. Leunheim:
Rabbi Salomon Bamberger saves town by offering himself as
hostage to German general who had threatened to burn the town
on suspicion of presence of spies. — Januaky 8. Staatsbiirger
Zeitung of Berlin, notoriously anti-Jewish, suspended for duration
of the war. — 17. Hamburg: Committee organized to co-operate
with American Jewish Relief Committee, and keep it informed of
condition of Jews of Poland. — February 12. German B'nai B'rith
lodges equip hospital train. — March 19. Central Verein deutscher
Biirger jiidischen Glaubens complains to Imperial Chancellor that
in several announcements warning public against foreign spies
Jews have been specifically mentioned and requests that word
" Jew " or " Jewish " be not used when not required by circum-
stances.— 24. In reply to inquiries regarding reprisals for the
Russian devastations in the Memel district, German General Staff
states that Polish, Lithuanian, and Jewish properties will be
spared, and only Russian properties will be destroyed. — ^April.
Verband der deutschen Juden, and other organizations, to obtain
authentic records of the participation of the Jews in the war,
issue request to the Jewish public to report all kinds of informa-
tion bearing on the subject. To centralize these aims, a special
committee is formed representing all national Jewish organiza-
tions.— 2. Thann: Synagogue destroyed and two scrolls burned. —
Segenheim: Jewish community practically wiped out. Synagogue
and fourteen scrolls burned. — 16. Independent Order of B'nai
B'rith lodges of Germany send hospital supply train of twenty-
eight cars to front.
Decorations on Field of Battle
October. Emperor awards Iron Cross to Alfred Apfel, Berlin;
Ben Aryeh, Frankfort; Blum, Frankenau; Hans Freistadt, Berlin;
Julius Graf, Nuremberg; Richard Israel, Berlin; Lucian Kahn,
Frankfort; Katz, Berlin; Max Kirshner, Munich; Rosenbaum,
Konigsberg; Michael Schwartz. — Otto Sahlmann, Emil Schwer-
senz, Heinricli Barth, Berlin; Max Goldschmidt, Colberg. — 26.
Zacharias, lieutenant, Gotha. — November. Max Ellas, Hanover;
Hans Heinemann, sub-lieutenant; Leo Lowenstein; Leo Mohr,
Nuremberg; Wilhelm Lemmel, Stuttgart. — 5. Robert Weil, at
Ypres. — December. Jacques Orenstein, engineer. — Fritz Herz,
Wiesbaden, by colonel. — Arthur Heldenheim, Cologne. — Leopold
Levy, Hohensalza, by Crown Prince Ruprecht. — ^Julius Bernstiel,
Nuremberg, by Crown Prince Ruprecht. — Felix Theilhaber,
Munich; Sally Goldschmidt, Idastein; S. Rosenbaum, W. Bennig-
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— GERMANY 237
sohn, Harry Moses, Adolf Neumann, Alfred Arnsdorff, Theodore
Cohn, all of Konigsberg. — Heinrich Emmerich receives from
King of Saxony the bronze Friedrich-August medal with the war
ribbon. — Oscar Roos, Hagenau, receives from Grand Duke of Hesse
the bravery medal. — ^January. Berthold and Moses Baer and
Samuel Kahn receive Iron Cross. — ^Febbuaby. Gottfried Sender,
Berlin, receives Iron Cross, first and second class. — ^Mabch. Fritz
Meyer, Stettin, receives Iron Cross first class. — May. Arthur Levy,
rabbi, chaplain with German Army in Poland, receives Iron Cross.
Brwin Seligman, Frankfort, Walter Rathenau, and Rabbi Son-
derling, Hamburg, receive Iron Cross. David Bloch, August
Mlchelbacher, Krefeld, Iron Cross, first class. Jacob Gueble,
Magendorf, Hungary, silver medal from Austria and Iron Cross
from Germany.
Pbomotions
November. Max Elias, Hanover, promoted lieutenant. — August
Nathan, Ulm, promoted lieutenant. — December. Leo Mohr,
Nuremberg, promoted lieutenant. — Davidson, Darmstadt; Max
Elias, Hanover; Rapp, Frankfort; Cohn, Halberstadt; Rudolf S.
Mosse, Berlin; Ball, Dresden; Nathan, Ulm; to rank of officer. —
Rudolph S. Mosse promoted lieutenant. — January. J. Kraemer,
Rockenhausen, promoted lieutenant in the reserve. — Siegfried
Spier, Wiesbaden, assigned to duty with the court martial in
Belgium, ranking as first lieutenant. — Febbuaby. Gottfried
Sender, Berlin, promoted lieutenant. — Max Hahn, Halle, and
Arthur Rosenthal, Munich-Gladbach, promoted to rank of officer.
Martin Rauh, Nuremberg, promoted captain. — Arthur Block,
Leipzig, promoted lieutenant. — ^Apbil. Carl Faulkner, lieutenant,
promoted major.
Necbology on Account of Wab
Septembeb 4. Ludwig Frank, Mannheim, volunteer in army,
aged 46. — 24. Erwin Beit von Speyer, non-commissioned officer of
the Seventh Dragoon Regiment, in action near Arras. — Octobeb.
Jacob Herrnstadt, Lissa, physician, volunteer. — J. Horowitz,
teacher, Coesfeld, Westphalia. — Max Mannheimer, Oldenburg. —
Max Straus, teacher, Munich. — Leo Weil, Karlsruhe, non-commis-
sioned officer. — Ludwig Weil-Gutmann, prosecuting attorney,
Stuttgart. — Heinrich Barth, surgeon, battlefield in the west. —
December. Perl, non-commissioned officer, Beuthen. — Januaby.
Julius Kahn, lawyer, Mayence. — Febbuaby. Martin Feist, Frank-
fort, aged 23. — Hugo Zuckerman, lieutenant, Meran, in battle in
Flanders. — Herman Samuel, lieutenant, Nuremberg. — Jakobi,
dermatologist, Freiburg, aged 53. — ^Apbil. Carl Faulkner, major.
Digitized by
Google
238 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
GREECE
July 10. Government decides to abolish oflSce of Chief Rabbi of
Salonica and to place Jews under jurisdiction of the Chief Rabbi
of Athens, not yet appointed. — 17. Salonica: Greek campaign
against Jews continues in Greek press. Dispute between Jewish
and Greek workmen in tannery owned by Jew made occasion of
violent political discussion in the Macedonia, which blames Jews.
Jews wearing the fez execrated for thus demonstrating their
philo-Turkish sentiments. — August 28. Salonica: Government
closes the Beth Din, and orders settlement of issues between Jews
in Greek courts. — May 14. Four Jews elected to Greek parliament.
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Meir, Jacob, Chief Rabbi, Salonica, receives, from King, grade
of Commander of the Order of the Redeemer, May, 1915.
INDIA
NECROLOGY
Gbindel, S. a., rabbi, Bombay, July, 1914.
ITALY
GENERAL
July 10. La Civita Cattolica, monthly, publishes article,
declaring its faith, despite correspondence between Lord Roths-
child and Cardinal Merry del Val, in existence of ritual murder. —
October 16. Luzzatti conducts press campaign in Italy in favor
of emancipation of Russian Jews. — April 2. Milan: Meeting
decides to co-operate with Jewish bodies in other lands to secure
rights for Jews in lands of oppression. — 6. Cardinal Ferrera,
speaking in name of Pope to the Pro Causa Hebraica Societa of
Italy, promises support of the Vatican in aiding the cause of the
Jews. Pope urges Catholics to unite in alleviating distress of
Jews, and help them with autonomy in Palestine and civil rights
in countries where they are now oppressed, by urging favorable
measures at world peace conference. — 30. Luigi Luzzatti, ex-
premier of Italy, in article in the Corriere della Sera, warns the
Poles that their attitude toward the Jews will inevitably arouse
the antipathy of public opinion of Europe. — May 14. Milan and
Turin: Co-operative Kosher restaurants opened and successfully
conducted.
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Bergeb, Adolf, Lemberg, appointed Lecturer in Roman Law at
the Rome University, July, 1914.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— NETHERLANDS 239
Cassuto, Umbebto, Florence, appointed to new department for
Hebrew language and literature at Academy for Higher Sciences,
Nov., 1914.
Fbizzi, Lazzako, appointed to Senate, Feb., 1915.
Gbaziani, Augusto, Professor at Naples University, promoted by
King to grade of Commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy,
Feb., 1915.
MoLco, ViTTOBio, Turin, awarded grade of Officer of the Order of
the Italian Crown, Oct., 1914.
ToLEDANO, T., appointed an Italian Assessor to the Chinese
Mixed Court at Shanghai, July, 1914.
WoLLEMBEBG, Leone, Padua, appointed to Senate, Feb., 1915.
NECROLOGY
D'Ancona, Alessandbo, Senator, author, Pisa, aged 79, Nov. 8,
1914.
NoBSA, Bey, doyen of Municipal Staff, Alexandria, Feb., 1915.
MOROCCO
Decembeb 18. On recommendation of M. Loth, Director-General
of Education, the Resident of France allocates to schools of
Alliance Israelite for 1914-1915 a grant of forty thousand francs
($8,000). Government of Spain grants to Alliance schools at
Tetuan, Larache, and Alcazar, the Spanish Protectorate, sub-
ventions for maintenance, provided Spanish be made language of
instruction.
NETHERLANDS
GENERAL
July 3. Amsterdam: Jubilee of the Nieuw Israelitisch Week-
blad. — August 4. Cablegram from Rotterdam reports four
hundred and seventy-eight Jewish emigrants from Russia on way
to United States stranded without funds. — 21. Amsterdam:
Zionists form committee to assist war sufferers without distinc-
tion of race or creed. Representatives meet trains, and render
all possible service to injured or stranded persons, procuring food
and lodgings for them.
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Kahn, Jacobus, The Hague, appointed assistant to Minister of
Finance, May, 1915.
MoNASCH, , Chief Rabbi of Utrecht, receives, from Queen,
Knighthood of the Order of the Netherlands Lion, July, 1914.
Obnstein, L. S., lecturer at Groningen University, appointed
Ordinary Professor in Mathematical Physics at University of
Utrecht, Dec, 1914.
Digitized by
Google
240 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
NECROLOGY
BosMAN, J. S., communal worker, Rotterdam, aged 102, Feb.,
1915.
Israel, I. Vita, Knight of the Order of Orange-Nassau, Amster-
dam, aged 83, May, 1915.
Pinto, Moses, jurist and author. Commander of the Order of the
Netherlands Lion, and Officer of the Crown of Italy, The Hague,
aged 87, Mch..l9, 1915.
Pinto, Isaac, president of Peace Association of Holland, Mch.,
1915.
PALESTINE
(See under Tubkey)
PORTUGAL
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
BLANCO, Emilio, Lisbon, receives from King of Italy the decora-
tion of Commander of the Order of the Italian Crown, May, 1915.
ROUMANIA
GENERAL
July 3. Botoshani: Students and soldiers of the Thirty-seventh
Infantry Regiment attack Jews, assault Jewish children, casting
them in the river, and beat Christians going to defense. — 10. Anti-
Jewish agitators issue proclamations in opposition to the Jewish
petition praying for emancipation of native Jews; agitators urge
attacks on Jews. — 17. Odobesht: Mob attacks and plunders
several Jewish houses and shops. In restoring order police injure
a few rioters. Professor Cuza interpellates Minister of Interior
as to measures he intends to take " to suppress activity of Jews
and punish the pro-Jewish police officials.'' Minister promises
to inquire into the incident. — 18. Roumanian Government issues
order expelling from towns in the vicinity of Bucharest numbers
of Jewish families of soldiers who served in army against Bul-
garia.— 24. Agents of Roumanian Government secure signatures
of peasants against Jewish emancipation petition. — ^Hundreds of
Jews, including soldiers who participated in the last campaign,
expelled from the villages. — August 7. Jassy: Meeting of two
thousand Jews, mostly ex-soldiers, resolves to dispatch resolution
to €k>vernment demanding emancipation of Jews and proclaiming
intention of the Jewish ex-soldiers to resist anti-Jewish agitators
in the event of an outbreak. — 28. Bucharest: At Labor Party
meeting the anti-Jewish agitators' spokesman announces that the
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 241
democracy would protect the Jews In the event of any outbreaks. —
Burduzani: Attempt to organize a blood libel fails. Local
authorities prohibit the Jews from "displaying their religious
sentiments " in the streets. — September 18. Government excludes
foreign Jews, offering as excuse the alleged competitive superiority
of the Jewish over the Christian merchants. Government will,
however, make an exception in favor of Russian Jews returning
home via Roumania. — January 8. Premier Bratianu announces
that in the new mobilization act to be issued a clause will provide
that Jews who join the army automatically become Roumanian
citizens. — Government permits Russo-Jewish students en route to
Switzerland and Italy to pass through Roumania, but refuses to
allow several thousand refugees from Bukowina to enter the
country, and become public charges. Refugees are forced to cross
the Carpathians to reach Hungary. — February 26. Committee of
the Chamber agrees to comply with Jewish petition to exempt
Jews from new law of control of foreign subjects. — ^April 9. In
Roumanian Parliament, in discussing bill for control of foreigners,
former Minister, M. Fleva, refers to persecution of Roumanian
Jews, and rebukes M. Cuza, who had said that there were no
Roumanian Jews, and he only knew of Jews, by statement of
service Jews were now doing the country in the army.
RUSSIA
PERSECUTION AND REPRESSION
Attacks on Jews
July 17. Near Kovno, Real Russians kill Jew, Movshovitch,
aged eighty. Nine other Jews murdered in Russia in preceding
fortnight.
Blood Accusation
July 3. Grayetz (Lublin) : Discovery of body of a Christian
gives rise to ritual murder accusation. Mob attempts to lynch a
Jew, and as result of alleged evidence of anti-Jewish agitator, a
father and son are arrested. — Pabianitz: Loss of girl results in
blood accusation, which subsides on finding of girl. — 10. Zhitomir
and Kaminsk: Discovery of lost boys causes collapse of blood
accusations. — Editor of the Den imprisoned for publishing
article against the ritual murder agitation. — Ministry of Justice
announces that steps against Cheberiak and Singayevsky, be-
lieved to have been implicated in the murder of Yuschinsky (see
Year Book 5675, p. 213), had no connection with Beilis case, but
dealt with other crimes. — 16. Police forbid production in, Moscow
of play condemning ritual murder libel. — 17. Kiev: Judicial
Digitized by
Google
242 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Chamber rejects appeal of editor of Kievlanin, sentenced to three
months' imprisonment for publishing famous pro-Beilis article
during the trial. — 24. Monastirchina: Temporary disappearance
of Christian boy leads to arrest of two Jews. — 31. Grayetz: Jew
imprisoned on charge of ritual murder released; but authorities
continue to inquire into charge. — August 7. Ekaterinoslav: The
Two-Headed Eagle accuses Jewish Community of abducting
Christian girl from asylum, and announces disappearance of
Christian boy, near brick factory of a Jew. Ritual murder agi-
tation begun. Similar campaigns in province of Podolia and at
Bendin. — October 2. Kiev: Judicial Chamber acquits publisher of
newspaper which printed Beilis prayer, thus annulling previous
sentence of imprisonment. — 23. High Court confirms sentence of
imprisonment passed on Dubrovin and his associates for publish-
ing a ritual libel on Jews of Smolensk. Appeal of Dr. Dubrovin
rejected (Jan.). — November 20. Despite resolution of the Council
of Advocates, Public Prosecutor of Petrograd demands disbarment
of forty lawyers for indorsing protest against the Beilis trial. —
27. Editor of the Russkoe Znamya imprisoned for six months
for libelling Jewish Advocate Zarudny in connection with his
defense of Jew accused in Fastov ritual murder case. — December
25. Kiev: Judicial authorities abandon ritual charge against
Jews Pashkoff and Guthartz, of Fastov. — January 15. Editor of
Novy Voschod, tried for publishing pro-Beilis articles last year,
acquitted. — February 5. Kiev: Court permits M. Pashkoff to
claim damages for murder of his child, at Fastov, by Gontcharuk. —
March 26. Peasant Gontcharuk sentenced to penal servitude for
twelve years for murder of Jewish boy, Yosel Pashkoff. — Trial of
forty Petrograd advocates who supported the pro-Beilis resolution
at the meeting of lawyers. Six acquitted; three suspended from
profession for one year; twenty-eight suspended for six months,
and cases of three postponed. — April 16. Deputy Maklakoff,
brother of Minister of Interior, and writers Struve and Egoroff,
sentenced to imprisonment for two months for having published
pro-Beilis articles last year. — 23. Vilna: Governor orders censor
to pay special attention to articles in the Russkoe Znamya, and
Zemstchina, and to expunge all references to the ritual murder
accusation.
Duma Discussion and Legislation
July 3. Duma prohibits Jewish women from acting as nurses
in the frontier corps, and declines to take action regarding the
restriction of Jewish lawyers in the reorganized courts. — 10. In
Chelm, new province, Duma endorses restrictions against Jews
in respect to their serving on juries. — 24. Mohammedan confer-
ence adopts resolution against the anti-Shehitah bill. — Bill
introduced in Cabinet by Minister of Commerce, proposing sub-
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 243
stantial reduction in passport fees, and abolishing fines Imposed
upon returning citizens who have been away for more than six
months, provided the returning emigrant uses a Russian ship. —
April 23. Polish Local Government Bill, rejected before the war,
by the Upper House, sanctioned by the Czar. Original restrictions
against Jews remain intact. Where Jews form a majority of the
total population (as in provinces of Lomzha, Suvalki, Radom, and
Siedlce), they will elect twenty per cent of the members of the
new Councils. In all other places their proportion will not exceed
ten per cent. Converted Jews are excluded from the lists of Jew-
ish voters. Jews barred from occupying all responsible and
executive posts. The Novoe Vremya explains that new law is not
anti-Jewish, and that it is only fair to allow Poles to hold the
reins in the new Councils.
Boycott of Jews in Poland
July 3. Lodz: Mob attacks Jews in streets, severely wounding
several. Windows broken in Jewish houses, hooligans calling on
Christians to avenge blood of Yuschinsky. Police arrest leaders,
disperse rioters, and frustrate attempt to renew the attacks. —
24. Promoters of boycott organize exhibitions from which Jews
are to be excluded; priests aid. — October 2. Polish organ, Kronika
Piotrokowska, confiscated for arousing anti-Jewish feeling. — 9.
Governor of Warsaw, Baron Korff, issues proclamation for the
discontinuance of Polish anti-Jewish agitation. — 16. Ostrovtzi:
The Zaddik, and leading Jews of Novoradomsk, assured by authori-
ties that they will suppress the local Polish anti-Jewish agitation.
— November 27. Lodz: Autljorities arrest several persons found
to possess goods stolen from Jewish shops. — January 1. Lodz : On
eve of their evacuation, Russian authorities suspend Polish anti-
Jewish organ, the Rozwoj. — 15. Boycott of Jews maintained.
Polish Citizens* Committee refuses to supply coal to Jewish
factories. — 22. Petrograd: At conference, progressive Duma depu-
ties resolve not to extend help to Polish deputies in any of their
projects in the Duma, because of their attitude toward the Jews. —
In Poland, Jews prohibited from attending auction sale of
horses. — March 5. Petrograd: Professor Arabazin and Prince
Mansureff attack Polish anti-Jewish agitators as unworthy of
autonomous rule in absence of a guarantee for fair treatment of
Jews. — 26. Minister for Foreign Affairs SazonofC receives Duma
Deputies Freedman and Bomash, and promises assistance in
Polish-Jewish problem. Deputy Freedman hands memorial on
Polish-Jewish question to Premier Goremykin. — April 23. Polish
Press denies stories of ant i- Jewish pogroms in vario-s towns.
Dwa Grosze calls on Jews to deny " libels " against Poles published
in America. — May 7. Nova Gazetta, pro- Jewish Polish organ,
suggests that Poles and Jews appoint a joint commission to
Digitized by
Google
244 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
prepare a memorial on the Jewish question for the consideration
of the Peace Conference. — 21. Moscow: Real Russian leader
Orloff, in address to an ti- Jewish agitators, declares that Polish
libels against Jews are false, that latter were loyal and brave, and
that it is inadvisable to pursue a policy which might convert six
million citizens into enemies.
Expulsions and Domiciliary Restrictions
July 1. Lodz: Twenty-nine Jewish families ordered to leave
townlet of Radogosch, within a week. — Druskeniki (Grodno) :
District Captain orders expulsion of number of Jewish families,
including one Jew settled there over twenty-five years. — 3. In
Tersk district privileged Jews expelled. — Senate decides that
Jewish artisans and merchants possessing right to settle per-
manently outside Pale be required to prove that no legal proceed-
ings had been instituted against them. — Ministry's refusal to
permit Jews to live at village of Almaznaya (Ekaterinoslav)
deters foreign company which planned to turn village into a
garden city from purchasing estate. — 6. Cabinet requests Czar
not to abrogate Stolypin circular, which permitted many Jews to
remain in towns outside Pale although they do not have right of
residence. — 10. Minister of Interior in memorial to Cabinet draws
attention to *' evil effect " on peasants of Jewish agents for agri-
cultural machines, and to the '* audacity " of those agents in
acquiring estates. He asks for restrictions against these agents. —
Minister of Interior submits to Cabinet question of canceling M.
Stolypin's circular by which certain categories of Jews were
granted right to remain outside the Pale. — Simavka: One hundred
Jewish families engaged in agriculture, on land leased by them for
the last sixty years, ordered to leave by Governor of Minsk. —
Vilna: Jewish Community receives permission to establish a sum-
mer camp for Jewish children near Podborodzi. — Radoschtsche
(near Lodz) : Twenty-nine Jewish families given seven days to
leave. — Druskeniki : Health resort, many Jewish families expelled.
— 14. Kiev: Four thousand Jews ordered to leave. — 17. Kiev:
Authorities announce they will recognize certificates of only the
Artisans' Guilds of Odessa and Kishinev for purposes of domicile
of Jewish artisans. Two thousand to six thousand Jewish
artisans will thereby be deprived of their right of residence.
— Griva (Courland) : Expulsions increase. Local rabbi ex-
pelled.— 24. Kiev: Governor-General, in response to protests
and threat of Duma deputies to frame an interpellation, agrees to
postpone expulsions one month. Minister of Interior cancels
expulsion of some artisans, and the Curator expresses willingness
to modify his circular. — In district of Ufa, about four hundred
Jews expelled from health resorts. — Russian Government grants
to Bokhara Jews right to remain temporarily in Turkestan. —
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 246
31. Of one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one domicile peti-
tions, nine are successful. — Tchemigov: Expulsion of Jews from
villages increases, despite protests of local peasants. — ^Ekaterino-
slav: Provisional measure to exclude Jewish traders from villages
approved by Governors* Council. — August 21. Kursk: Election
of Crown Rabbi postponed because nearly all voters had lost their
franchise in consequence of proceedings instituted against them
for alleged trading outside the Pale without right of residence. —
Seftembeb 4. One hundred families about to be expelled from
Riga granted permission to remain until after the war. — 11. Mos-
cow Conference of Mayors forcibly condemns expulsion policy of
some Governors, and resolves to use its influence to ameliorate
the Jewish position, and to abolish the oblavas carried on by some
Governors. — 25. Jewish expulsions stopped in the Caucasus and
in the Don district. — Octobeb 16. Senate ratifies circular of
Ministry of the Interior providing for postponement until after the
war of all trials concerning residence of Jews outside the Pale,
and for suspension of expulsion from non-Pale provinces of the
families of Jews at the front, provided no new arrivals be allowed
to settle there. — November 27. Petrograd: Forty unemployed
Jewish artisans expelled, and thirteen Jewish merchants fined f6r
visiting city. — Senate prohibits Jewish recruits, privileged by
Nicholas I, from owning real estate outside the Pale, except in
towns in which they are registered. — Decembeb 3. Novgorod:
Grovernor expels Jewish Red Cross nurses as not entitled to resi-
dence.— 4. Petrograd: One hundred and seventeen Jewish
workmen expelled; police continue their search for those without
right of residence. — 18. Petrograd police imprison ten Jews for
illegally staying in the capital. — 25. Pinsk: Chief of Police, who
extorted five hundred roubles ($250) from Jews of Luninetz on
threat of expulsion, tried and acquitted. — January 1. Petrograd:
At conference of bankers convened to obtain their financial support
to development of Russian spas, right of residence of Jews at these
resorts discussed. Two bankers point out diflaculty of competing
with German spas, when laws forced Jews to frequent foreign
watering-places. Government representative promises that this
question would be submitted to the Duma. — 15. Kiev: Medical
authorities petition Government to allow Jews to frequent spas. —
22. Petrograd: All persons harboring Jews without right of
domicile will be fined three thousand roubles ($1,500) or impris-
oned for three months. — 29. Nikolai ev: Authorities decide not to
continue to raise questions of domicile in issuing trading certifi-
cates to Jews. — Februaby 12. Odessa: Judicial Chamber adopts
favorable attitude toward hundreds of cases affecting Jews,
particularly in ruling that Jews with right to reside in village had
right also to trade there. — Petrograd: Conference in interest of
Digitized by
Google
246 AMERICA^ JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Russian spas adopts resolution expressing desirability of opening
spas to citizens of all creeds and nationalities. — 19. Senate refuses
to cancel order permitting Governors to expel Jews who have filed
an appeal, before the appeals are heard. — Liski, near Retchitza:
Police expel old Jew whose three sons are at the front. — Mabch 12.
Kiev: Government permits Jewish merchants to attend fair there.
— 19. Council of the Conference of Exchanges and Agriculture
asks Ministry to allow Jewish delegates to attend the gathering
at Petrograd. — Moscow : Conference of All-Russian Union of Towns
adopts resolution requesting Government to allow Jewish refugees
and families of Jews at the front to reside outside the Pale during
the war. — 26. Tomsk: Petition of Council of Female High Courses
that Jewesses admitted to the institution be granted right of
domicile rejected. — April 9. Announcement that Jews may spend
summer holidays at the spas of Siberia, Caucasus and Finland. —
Petrograd: Twenty Jews fined for staying in the capital without
right of domicile. — May 6. Minister of Interior permits Jews to
visit health resorts in Caucasus and Siberia. — Senate decides that
wives of graduates of University are not included in privilege
of living in* Cossack districts. — 14. Oblavas of Jews without right
of domicile carried out in district of Kiev. Thirteen Jews arrested.
— 21. Smolensk: Summer resorts closed to Jews.
Industrial and Professional Restrictions
July 3. Volhynia: Zemstvo announces inability to carry out
educational program in the villages, because Jewish contractors
were not allowed to build schools there, and Christians were not
available for the purpose. — In Upper House, MM. Ozeroff and Von
Ditmar denounce anti-Jewish restrictions respecting corporations,
and predict heavy financial losses. — Russkoe Slovo announces
on high authority that Cabinet will yield to representations of
Count Bobrinsky and not extend restrictions lately Introduced
against Jews in sugar companies. — New Ministerial scheme relat-
ing to associations provides that Jewish Societies shall not be
allowed to own property outside the Pale, and that only Russian
language be used at meetings. — Nizhni-Novgorod: Jews not per-
mitted to rent premises. In South Russian coal mines a new
restriction for Jewish contractors will be introduced despite
protests of peasant owners. — 10. Petrograd: Ninety Jewish arti-
sans placed on proscription list, for not practicing their profession.
— 17. Premier receives deputation of Christian business men,
which presents memorial against anti-Jewish restrictions in
respect to joint stock companies, and condemns persecution of
Jews, especially in Siberia and at the Nizhni-Novgorod fair. —
Announced that Government will not proceed with schemes for
restricting number of Jewish apothecaries and agents for agri-
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 247
cultural machines. — 31. Ministry of Interior submits to Cabinet
new proposal, that Jews be excluded from employment by joint
stock companies even as caretakers. Minister of Commerce takes
decided stand against further restrictions. — Czar suspends
enforcement of resolution of Council of Ministers confirmed April
5, dealing with purchase of real estate by joint stock companies
and restricting membership of Jews on directorates of such
companies. — October 9. Exchange Committees decide to request
the Government to abolish registration books for Jewish com-
mercial travelers outside the Pale. — 23. Petition sent to Govern-
ment by commercial and industrial bodies, that Jewish merchants
and agents be allowed to visit non-Pale districts, and assist in
reducing present economic crisis. — December 4. Ministry of
Commerce announces that Jews have no right to attend corpora-
tion meetings held outside the Pale, merely on ground they hold
shares. — 18. Petrograd Advocates' Council reports that Ministry
of Justice has rejected the recommendation of the Council for
promotion of twenty Jewish lawyers to rank of Advocate. —
January 8. Senate withdraws circular prohibiting Jewish wine-
growers from selling wine outside the limits of their own houses
built on their own land in the Pale. — Lodz : Merchants and factory
owners petition Ministry of Commerce for abolition of restrictions
against Jews with regard to purchase of land, asserting that war
has necessitated the removal of the factories, but that restrictions
make this difficult. — 22. Minister of Interior permits Jews to
attend fairs outside the Pale for purpose of trading in horses. —
Solomenka and Shulavki, suburbs of Kiev: Order enforced pro-
hibiting Jews from trading there. — March 12. Petrograd: M.
Cohen, assistant manager of local railways since 1905, dismissed
on ground Jews are not permitted to hold such posts. — 19. Con-
ference of Gold Trade petitions Government against anti-Jewish
commercial restrictions. — Nizhni-Novgorod: Jews excluded from
management of fairs. — 26. Kharkov: Artisans' Guild annuls rule
which excludes Jews from management. — May 14. Petrograd:
Conference of Exchanges elects Feldman Chairman of Grain
section. Conference expresses opposition to difficulties of Jews in
commerce, which assisted Germans before the war, to obtain a
strong footing in Russian commerce; expresses desire that Jews
be given the freedom which enabled them to make Leipzig a great
center of the fur trade; that Jewish commercial travelers have
right to go outside the Pale; that Jews be not restricted in joint
stock companies, and that all technical schools be open to them. —
20. Minister of Commerce rules that Jewish mechanics seeking
temporary employment need no certificate of apprenticeship. — 21.
Zemstvos appeal to Ministry to allow Jewish medical students to
reside throughout the Empire in view of scarcity of physicians.
Digitized by
Google
248 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Suppression of Zionist Propaganda
July 3. Vilna: Jewess, Sakheim, sentenced to imprisonment in
fortress for eight months for spreading Poale-Zionist literature. —
31. Vilna: The Vozrozdenie fined two hundred roubles ($100) for
printing article on Dr. Herzl. — August 7. Kalish: Two Jews,
Goldman and Badetzky, fined twenty-five roubles ($12.50) each for
belonging to the Zionist organization. — October 30. Novgorod-
Volhynsk : Seven Jews sentenced to imprisonment for twenty days
and one for thirteen days for belonging to Zionist organization. —
November 20. Judicial Chamber of Moscow considers appeal of
twenty Zionists of Eletz. Acquits six and sentences rest to
imprisonment for various terms. — Slavuti (Volhynia) : Zionist
imprisoned for thirteen days. — Lochovitz: Trial ends in acquittal
of all accused Zionists. — ^March 19. Senate refuses to grant appeal
of twenty-one Zionists imprisoned for propagating Zionism. —
April 30. Moghilev: Nineteen Zionists sentenced to imprison-
ment for from one to four months for propagating Zionism. — ^May
21. Senate rejects appeal of members of the Central Zionist Com-
mittee; the brothers Groldberg, and Greenbaum, Druyanoff, and
Vodovelsky sentenced to terms of imprisonment of from twenty
days to two months. — Belozerkov: Appeal of Public Prosecutor
against acquittal of Zionists Blumin and Ovrutzky results in
rejection of first verdict and imposition of sentence to imprison-
ment for two months. — Ovrutch: Judicial Chamber confirms
sentence of twenty-two Zionists to imprisonment for from ten to
twenty days.
Educational Restrictions
July 3. Liberals in Budget Committee vigorously oppose
proposal of Education Committee to close to Jews the reorganized
Moscow Surveyors' Institute; proposal rejected, casting vote of
the chairman. — 10. Duma makes admission of Jews into Agricul-
tural Institute subject to the permission of the Ministry. — Number
of Caucasian Jews petition Government to accord to them privi-
leges enjoyed by Karaites, on ground that they too are not
Talmudic Jews. Petition rejected, but Viceroy of Caucasus
abolishes percentage norm in educational institutions recently
introduced. — Vilna: M. Ostroumoff, the Curator, asked to resign,
because of his antagonism to the Nationalist regime and opposition
to the restriction of the admission of Jewesses into gymnasia. —
11. Ministry of Education decides not to admit into universities
Jews who had become converted, unless their parents are also
converts. — 24. Organizers of commercial educational conference
denounce anti-Jewish educational restrictions. — Minister of Edu-
cation advances funds for introduction of general elementary
education in Verchnedneprovsk, on condition that Jews be
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 249
excluded from its benefits. — 31. Rejection of all petitions for
admission of Jews into schools and into legal profession above the
fixed norm. — New circular of M. Kasso provides that balloting for
admission of Jews in schools be held once a year, and that only
those successful at the ballot will be examined' — Czar orders that
Jewish students be excluded from higher elementary school at
Odessa and from female gymnasia at Vilna, Homel, and Vitebsk. —
August 7. , Odessa: Students of Jewish Technical School Trud
petition for course in Yiddish language and literature; refusal
results in riot in school. — September 11. Minister of Education
permits graduates of foreign universities to take examination for
state certificates without requiring proof of matriculation in
Russian schools. Jews in educational institutions now closed
transferred to other schools. — 18. Cabinet decides that Russian
students about to finish their studies abroad may take final exami-
nation at Russian universities, but, unlike the foreign graduates,
they will have to produce a Russian matriculation certificate. —
Proskurov: The School of Commerce permitted to admit many
Jews above the norm. — M. Kasso abolishes system of admitting
Jews into preparatory classes of secondary schools by lot. — 25.
Ministry permits all schools of commerce to admit many Jews
above the norm. — ^Jewish Communities decide to apeal to Premier
to abolish lot system of admission of Jews to schools. — Moscow
Technical Institute appeals to Ministry of Education for permis-
sion to admit Jews above the norm. — October 2. Technological
institute at Petrograd, the Female Medical Courses at Moscow,
and Odessa Exchange, request Ministry of Education to admit
more Jews to educational institutions, especially the medical
faculties. In the Technological Institute the percentage norm
for external Jewish students suspended for a year. The Theatrical
Society appeals to Ministry to allow Jewish artists to perform
outside the Pale in view of shortage of non-Jewish performers. —
9. Moscow: Appeal of Female Medical Courses rejected (Oct. 2). —
Institute of Forestry asks for admission of Jews into educational
institutions in excess of norm. — Ministry of Education forbids
private gymnasium, passing into new hands, from expelling Jew-
ish students. — 16. Conference of Russian municipal workers
resolves that each municipality shall appeal to Ministry of Educa-
tion to admit children of Jews serving in the army to educational
institutions regardless of norm. — Announcement that Jews who
have studied in foreign technical schools will not be permitted to
enter Russian technical schools in excess of norm. — ^November 6.
Council of Trade and Commerce appeals to Premier to admit
Jewish students of foreign schools into Russian high schools. —
20. Ministry of Education announces that Jewish students in the
army will, at the end of the war, be readmitted into the high
Digitized by
Google
250 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
schools regardless of norm. — 27, Rcvno (Volhynia) : Municipality
appeals to Ministry to permit admission of twenty-six Jews to the
gymnasium in excess of norm. — December 4. One hundred and
ninety Jewish physicians graduated abroad permitted to take
examination for medical practitioners in Russia. — Odessa: Gov-
ernment confirms exclusion of Jews from higher elementary
schools; those already admitted may finish their courses. — 11.
Putivil (Kursk): Authorities of the Zemstvo Gymna^um resolve
to exclude Jews. — 18. Petition of the Municipality of Mariampol
for admission of Jewish children whose fathers are at the front to
all schools without restrictions rejected. — 25. Council of Trade
and Commerce petitions Premier and Minister of Commerce to
grant facilities at the Russian high schools to Jewish students
who studied abroad, and expressing view that the abolition of the
percentage norm for Jews in educational institutions would place
Russia in a better position to compete with Germany. — January 8.
Petrograd : The Tutorskaya Commerce School closed because it had
too many Jews on its roll. — Arkhangel: Jewish students expelled
from medical schools. — 15. Minister of Commerce permits one hun-
dred and fifty Jews who studied abroad to take final examination
for external students at the Petrograd Technical Institute. — Febru-
ary 12. Kishinev: Petition of Jewish students for permission to
take external examinations regardless of percentage norm rejected
by the Ministry of EJducation. — Kharkov: University resolves to
petition Ministry to permit a Jewish graduate to remain at the
University with view to becoming Professor of Mathematics. —
19. Minister of Commerce announces in Duma Committee that
Jewish students who had studied abroad will be admitted to
Russian technical schools to the extent of ten per cent of the
total number of students. — 26. Minister of Education Ignatieff
orders that Jewish graduates of foreign universities be permitted
to take final examinations; he promises also to consider applica-
tions for examinations from graduates who do not hold matricu-
lation certificates. — March 5. At the request of M. Ignatieff,
Minister of Education, the Minister of Interior permits Jewish
students of foreign universities who have been admitted to
examinations in non-Pale educational institutions to reside out-
side the Pale temporarily. — 12. Kiev and Zhitomir : Municipalities
appeal to Minister of Education against new restrictions intro-
duced there for Jewish children in elementary schools. — Petro-
grad: Kiev and Odessa professors plan to open private faculties,
similar to new Moscow Judicial Institute, without restrictions for
Jews. — 26. Petrograd: Minister of Education promises deputation
of Jewish students at Psycho-Neurological Institute to transfer
them to the Medical Faculty of the University. — Odessa: Minister
of Education rejects petition of Curator to suspend the admission
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 251
of Jews to private gymnasium to reduce number of Jewish
students. — ^Apbil 9. Minister of Education Ignatieff suspends
regulation requiring Jewish students in Kiev to prove right of
residence. All students excluded because of that law taken back.
— Yuriev: Minister of Education provides for admission into
medical courses of Jewish students who had studied abroad. —
Minister of Education Igliatieff declares illegal the practice of
authorities to dissolve Parents' Educational Committees which
have more than fifteen per cent of Jews, and that number of Jews
on committees is not restricted, though that of pupils may be. — 23.
Count Ignatieff, despite recommendation of the Curators' Confer-
ence, decides to abolish the ballot system of admitting Jews to
educational institutions. — 30. Plan of Count Ignatieff for gradual
abolition of ballot system for admission of Jews to schools said to
include instructions to authorities, that children of Jews at the
front should be admitted in preference to other Jews. — Petrograd :
New regulations of Psycho-Neurological Institute provide for five
per cent norm for Jews; those now attending the Institute will,
however, be permitted to finish their course. — May 7. Count
Ignatieff issues circular ordering that children of Jewish soldiers
be given preference in admission to secondary schools, and that
all vacancies for Jews be fully placed at disposal of the Jews. In
response to a petition from Kiev he abolishes the ballot system
for the transfer of Jewish pupils from the preparatory to the upper
classes of the gymnasia. — 14. Minister of Commerce orders that
norm for Jews in all technical schools be strictly observed;
Minister of Education rules that Jews once admitted to a Uni-
versity may enter any Faculty without reference to the number of
Jews in it, and that his order abolishing the ballot system for
Jews passing to upper classes issued for Kiev, applies to all
secondary schools in the Empire. — 28. Petrograd: Minister of
Commerce, Prince Shachovsky, rejects petition of Commercial
Institute, that it be given status of State High School, because ad-
mission of Jews is not restricted.
Other Forms of Repression
July 3. Odessa: Court sentences Jewess to three months'
imprisonment and expulsion from Russia, for returning to Russia
from Roumania, where she had been sent as a Roumanian subject
on death of her parents, but, not recognized as Roumanian citizen,
was not permitted to stay. — 10. Volegozubov (Kherson) : Nine
Jews imprisoned for publishing a letter complaining of recent
assault on Jews by police officials. — Odessa: Revival of old regu-
lation necessitating a special permit for employment of Christians
in Jewish workshops. — 31. Of three hundred and sixteen appeals
against the military fine, only twenty-nine are granted. —
Zolotonosha (Poltava) : Jews forbidden to converse in Yiddish
Digitized by
Google
25^ AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
at the railway station. — Kielce: Police stop performance at
theater because an artist rendered a Yiddish song. — Septembeb 4.
Governor Muratoff of Kursk issues order that Jewish artisans
dismiss all Christian apprentices within a fortnight. — November
20. Kamenetz-Podolsk: Police avert anti-Jewish riot. — December
11. Russian Theatrical Society's appeal to Government to permit
production of Yiddish plays in many towns rejected. — Minister of
Interior agrees to annul order of Prefect of Petrograd, making it
mandatory for Jews to have inserted in their passports a descrip-
tion of their personal appearance. — Berditchev: Authorities close
Hebrew-Speaking Society and its library. — January 29. Petro-
grad: Jewish Assistant Advocate fined 25 roubles ($12.50) for
using Russified first name of Moisei instead of Movsha. —
Borovoi Mlik (Vilna) : Authorities refuse to recognize Jewish
colonists as peasants, although they were granted that status in
1846. — March 19. Senate forbids christening of Jewish children
whose parents have not also become converts. — 26. Senate decides
that Jews may not become Cossacks without the Czar's special
permit. Those already registered ordered to resign. — May 8, War-
saw: Ha-Zeman, Hebrew paper, suspends publication. — 21. Editor
of Novi Voschod sentenced to a fine of two thousand roubles
($1000), or imprisonment for six months, for addressing an iin-
censored inquiry to Jewish centers inquiring as to participation of
Jews in the war.
n
GENERAL EVENTS AFFECTING JEWS
Finland
July 1. Senate rejects petitions of nine Jewish families to
remain in Finland, and in circular to Provincial Governors orders
them to expel those families within a month, escorting to the
frontier any who refuse to leave voluntarily. — No^^MBEB 27. Fin-
nish Government orders expulsion of Jews who take advantage of
war to raise prices of food and other articles and to employ
" sweated labor." — January 14. Senate renders decision that
Jews converted by the Lutheran pastoi" Pichro in Finland are to
be treated as Jews, their conversion notwithstanding. — Mabch 19.
Chuvingi: Forty invalids, mostly women and children, expelled to
the Pale. — 26. Petition for suspension of exclusion of ailing Jews
from resort Richmaki disregarded. — Minister of Education Igna-
tieff recognizes as Christians Jews converted by Lutheran minis-
ter Pichro, and permits their unrestricted entry to the univer-
sities.— May 21. Challil and Terioki: All Jews expelled, including
patients from the sanatoria.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 253
Miscellaneous
JUI.Y 3. Liftchanka (Vilna) and Usatch (Vitebsk) partly
destroyed by fires; hundreds of Jews homeless. Borisov (Minsk) :
Sexton loses his life in saving Sefer Torah during synagogue fire.
— 10. Vasilkova (Grodno): Foreign Minister SazonofC receives
Jewish deputation, and gives five hundred roubles ($250) for
repairs to synagogue. — 17. Decision of Council of the Nobility to
include in their scheme of State compensation to sufferers from
riots Jewish victims of pogroms endorsed by several Ministerial
departments. — 17. Holy Synod decides to Introduce more strin-
gent regulations regarding conversion of Jews to the Orthodox
Church. Minors must have permission of parents. All converts
will be watched, and proofs of ulterior motives for conversion will
result in excommunication and loss of all, especially educational,
privileges, A long novitiate will precede the conversion. — 24.
Death of Prince Vladimir Mestchersky, formerly inimical but
later friendly to Jews. — 31. Archbishop Platon, of Kishinev,
formerly head of the Orthodox Church in America, favors yielding
to the United States on the passport question and introducing
wide religious tolerance. — November 6. Zhitomir: At request of
the Municipality, Governor of Volhynia permits Jews to sit on
Municipal Committees. — December 4. Semi-oflicial Moskovskiya
Viedomosti favors establishment of Jewish State, as only solution
of Jewish question. It makes condition that all Jews of Russia
be immediately transported to place which is not named. — 11.
Moscow Technical Society in resolution expresses opinion that a
change of Government's attitude toward minor nationalities is
essential before Russia can successfully compete with German
and Austrian commerce. — 25. Odessa: Meeting of members of
Municipality, Zemstvo, and Stock Exchange, and University
authorities and merchants, resolves that the country would benefit
by the abolition of Nationalistic laws and opening of educa-
tional institutions to all citizens. — January 1. Bishop of Saratov
refuses the use of a church hall to the Real Russians because he
objects to attacks on Jews at this time. — Governor-General of
Kursk prohibits all anti-Jewish agitation in province. — Leonid
Andreyeff publishes appeal for emancipation of the Jews in order
to disarm German criticism of the alliance of England and France
with "barbaric Russia." — 8. Russian Senate announces as final
decision that Jewish children not entered into Abrahamic covenant
must not be registered as Jews. — 9. Petrograd: The Trades Coun-
cil, following example of Odessa, petitions Government to abolish
restrictions against Jews. — 22. Omsk (Siberia): Bourse adopts
resolution that Siberian trade can only be improved by the annul-
ment of anti-Jewish restrictions. — 29. Petrograd: Secretary of
Pharmaceutical Society publishes official denial of charge that
Jewish apothecaries illegally trade in Intoxicating drinks. —
Digitized by
Google
254 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
February 5. Smolensk: Municipality resolves to petition Govern-
ment to abolish all anti-Jewish restrictions. Resolution adopted
requesting Governor not to expel Jewish refugees or families
whose heads are at the front. — 12. Petrograd: Five Jewish
students apply for admission to Orthodox Spiritual Academy,
with view to becoming monks. — Vilna: Municipality obliged to
intrvist the management of the Korobka (meat-tax) to a special
commission, as no Jew offered to buy the rights of administer-
ing the tax. — 19. Rabbi Zirelsohn, Kishinev, president of Rab-
binical Commission, obtains for Jews returning to Russia
from Palestine free railway passage on the Russian lines to
their destination. — Minister of Commerce states in Duma Com-
mittee that absence of a commercial treaty with the United
States causes great inconvenience, and expresses hope that a new
treaty will soon be concluded. — Maxim Gorki, famous writer,
publishes appeal for emancipation of the Jews. — Imperial Eco-
nomic Society adopts resolution to memorialize the Government
and the two houses of Parliament to remove the anti- Jewish
laws. — 26. Moscow: Faculty of Law to which Jews may be
admitted without restriction established. — March 5. Gorki,
Andreyeff, and Sologub address inquiry on Jewish problem to
prominent Russian authors, notables, statesmen, artists, and
scientists., asking whether anti-Semitism had not been imported
into Russia from the west, and whether the anti-Jewish laws had
not a bad influence on the culture and commerce of Russia.
Replies are to I e published in a volume, and used in campaign for
emancipation of the Jews. — Russian Liberal leaders and writers
arrange conferences of Russian, Polish, and Jewish public workers
at Moscow and Petrograd with view to arriving at understanding
of various Nationalist problems. — 12. Vilna: Jewish Military
Hospital, Priest Rozmainsky publicly reprimanded for making
pro-Jewish speech. — April 2. Public manifesto, signed by two
hundred and fifteen prominent publicists, declares that the present
time is opportune for ending Jewish persecution, and for active
propaganda for removing of prejudice against Jews. — 16. Confer-
ence of the nobility ends without the usual drastic resolutions
against the Jews. — Anti-Jewish agitators initiate campaign against
Kolocol and Rissky Palomnik, which had published pro-Jewish
articles; editor of Kolocol resigns. — 23. Vilna: Governor prohibits
anti-Jewish agitation. — Dmitriev: Zemstvo passes resolution per-
mitting physicians to serve on boards of health. — Passport Com-
mission,,despite recommendations to the contrary of the Ministry
for Foreign Affairs, resolves to maintain the system of consular
visa of passports. — 30. Committees of Exchanges in memorials
presented to Commercial Conference insist that German commerce
can be effectively combated only after abolition of anti- Jewish
restrictions. — May 6. Jewish children below fourteen years may
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 255
not be baptized unless their parents are converted to Christianity
at same time. — 7. Passport Commission, on advice of Ministry of
Interior, and despite objections of Ministry for Foreign Affairs,
decides to retain the system of foreign passports for those leaving
and entering the Empire. — Novoe Vremya in a leading article
says that Czar Nicholas I wishes to solve the Jewish question by
means of establishment of a Jewish State in Palestine. — Saratov,
city outside the Pale: Municipality unanimously resolves to peti-
tion Government to abolish the Pale. — 14. Slobodka (Kiev) : Floods
carry off nearly two thousand houses; five thousand Jews left
homeless. — ^Resitza (Vitebsk) : Overflow of river causes death of
forty-three persons, nearly all Jews. Losses amount to one hun-
dred and fifty thousand roubles ($75,000). — 21. Moskovskiya
Viedomosti, organ of Moscow bureaucracy, warns Jews not to
expect new privileges and not to believe that Russian soldiers are
trying to get Palestine for them. — Kiev: Municipality complain
that Pale laws prevent commercial development of city. — Siberian
Municipal Conference adopts resolution condemning anti-Jewish
restrictions. — Count Tolstoi, Mayor of Petrograd, and the member
of Upper House, M. Stachovitch, organize Society to Study the
Russian Jews; authorities refuse to sanction its regulations. —
28. Tchernigov, Dvinsk, Minsk, Tcherkassi, Homel, Vitebsk, and
Krementchug suffer heavily, by floods. — Conflagrations destroy
best parts of Jewish townlets Ungeni (Bessarabia), Kamen
(Vitebsk), and Belitza (Vilna).
Ill
JEWISH COMMUNAL LIFE
July 17. Kiev: Government legalizes a society with right to
establish branches in the Pale, for the regulation of the emigration
of Jews to Palestine and Syria. — Warsaw: Heirs of late M.
KravtzofC give one hundred and flfty thousand roubles ($75,000)
to charity. — Lodz: M. Poznansky gives two hundred and ten
thousand roubles ($105,000) for erection of school and to hospital
fund, and M. Sheps distributes one hundred thousand roubles
($50,000) to charity.— 31. Vilna: Branch of ICA Emigration
Department organizes department for insuring emigrants against
exclusion by immigration authorities at destination. — January
15. Odessa: Jewish Education Society adopts prompt measures
to prevent closing of many Jewish schools.
IV
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Bakst, Leon, elected member of Academy of Art of Petrograd,
Dec, 1914.
Digitized by
Google
256 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Belozebkovskt, Kertch, receives from Czar silver medal
and Alexander Ribbon, July, 1914.
Braz, , elected member of Academy of Art of Petrograd,
Dec, 1914.
Bbuk, , Crown Rabbi of Kovel, Volhynia, receives from
Czar silver medal and the Vladimir Ribbon, July, 1914.
DoLGBPOL, Db. , Odessa, appointed Court Councillor, ApL,
1915.
GuBB\TrcH, Isaac, engineer, receives title of Actual State
Councillor, Jan., 1915.
Hoffmann, Db. , Odessa, appointed Councillor, ApL, 1915.
KuBLANDSKY, , Dubrova (Grodno), receives from Czar gold
medal, July, 1914.
Rubinstein, D. L., Petrograd, receives Order of St. Vladimir,
fourth degree, ApL, 1915.
Salkind, Db. , Karasubazar, appointed Councillor, ApL, 1915.
ScHWAM, Esther, Odessa, receives from Czar silver medal and
Alexander Ribbon, July, 1914.
ScHWAM, Eva, Odessa, receives from Czar silver medal and
Alexander Ribbon, July, 1914.
Sheftel, , Petrograd, promoted to rank of Advocate, May,
1915.
Shulman, , Nikolaiev, receives from Czar silver medal and
Alexander Ribbon, July, 1914.
SiDBANSKY, , Nikolaiev, receives from Czar silver medal and
Alexander Ribbon, July, 1914.
Weinbebg, Db. , Melitopol, appointed Councillor, ApL, 1915.
WiNEB, , appointed by Grand Duke Constantino Director of
the Asiatic Museum of the Imperial Academy of Science, Dec,
1914.
V
NECROLOGY
Cantob, Judah Loeb, rabbi and Hebrew writer, Riga, aged 66,
May, 1915.
Dieberstein, Enoch, rabbi, Warsaw, Feb., 1915.
Fbiedman, David (Davidel Koblineb), rabbi, Plnsk, aged 90,
Mch., 1915.
GoLDiN, EzBA, author and editor, Riga, aged 45, May, 1915.
GuBLAND, , Moscow, Jan., 1915.
MoLDAvsKY, D., philanthropist, Poltava, Dec., 1914.
NisELovrrcH, Lazab, member of third Duma, Bausk, Courland,
at Geneva, aged 60, Dec, 1914.
Pebez, Isaac Loeb, Yiddish poet and author, Warsaw, aged 63,
ApL 3, 1915.
Rabbinowitch, , engineer, Kharkov, Jan., 1915.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 6675— RUSSIA 257
Rabinowitz, Moses Yehudah, rabbi, Grodno, aged 60, Mch. 16,
1915.
ScHAPiRA, Eliezer Isaac, authoF of Hebrew text-books, Warsaw,
aged 79, Mch., 1915.
VI
EUROPEAN WAR
General Events Affecting Jews
August 3. Cabinet decides to allow Jewish families llvliig
outside the Pale to remain there, If heads of families have been
called to the front. — 7. Report that hundreds of Polish Jews are
rushing to Lithuania in order to be some distance from the
frontier, expected to be the center of conflict. — 14. M. Purishke-
vltch, before representative gathering of Jews, declares that he is
no longer an anti-Semite. — 16. Reported that Russian Emperor
Issues manifesto to "my beloved Jews," in Russian and in Yid-
dish, calling on them to volunteer In the Russian army, as Jewish
and Russian interests are identical, and promising extension of
rights. Report later denied. — 21. Jews of Tiflis, Caucasus, hold
special service in synagogue, followed by patriotic demonstration
before Viceroy's residence. — 25. Russian Cabinet decides that
Jews expelled from Germany, and now in terrible straits in
Petrograd, may remain for two months. — 28. Petrograd: After
sermon by Government Rabbi, five thousand Jews march through
streets, carrying Russian flags and Sefer Torahs, as demonstration
of loyalty. Hundreds of Russians join the parade, and patriotic
speeches are made in Russian and Yiddish. — Patriotic demonstra-
tions and services in synagogues at Vilna, Warsaw, Odessa.
Ekaterinoslav, Moscow, Libau, Yalta, Kursk, Minsk, Lodz, Kovno,
Baku, Ekaterinburg, and Alexandrovsk. At Yalta, the Prefect,
General Dumbadze, In synagogue denies antl-Jewlsh sentiments
and promises protection to Jews. — Petrograd and other Jewish
centers: Jews collect large sums for relief of families whose
heads are at front. — ^Russian Red Cross Society, which had
excluded Jewish medical students, now allows them to accompany
relief corps. — Simferopol: Talmud Torah asks permission of
Government to fit out a hospital for the care of the wounded. —
Kiev: Ten thousand Jews, carrying Sefarim and flags and headed
by rabbis, make patriotic demonstration before monument of Czar
Alexander II, and the residences of the Governor-General, Trepoff,
and the commander of the forces, General IvanofP. — Petrograd,
Vilna and Minsk: Jews collect funds to establish temporary mili-
tary hospitals. — Kalish (Poland) : Germans exact fifty thousand
roubles ($25,000) and take many hostages, including three Jews.
City bombarded and hostages shot; many Jews escape to Warsaw
on the Sabbath. — ^Vlozlavek: Austrian troops disband all relief
Digitized by
Google
358 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
committees. — Lutzk (Volhynia) : Possessions abandoned, and
population flee to interior of Pale. — September 4. Poles ignore
congratulations of Jews on promised autonomy, but indicate
intention to discontinue temporarily attacks on Jewish commer-
cial and industrial interests.-rLodz : Jews organize military band
to guard the city. — 5. Hundreds of Jewish families fleeing from
Kalish arrive at Roigrad absolutely penniless. — 8. Kherson:
Merchant Barenberg offers to support families of Jewish reservists
living in six nearest villages and to equip military hospital. —
11. . Government postpones prosecution of Jews illegally residing
outside the Pale and all those assuming Russian names. — Kiev:
Police make searches for Jews without legal right of residence. —
Cablegram to Morgen Journal reports outrages committed by
Austrian troops upon Jews in Podolia. — Petrograd : Mayor informs
conference of Russian Mayors that there are three hundred and
flfty thousand Jews in the army. — Jewish Colonization Association
temporarily closes all branches of its Emigration Department in
Russia. — ^Warsaw: German invaders in Mlava and Tchenstochov
pillage shops mostly in Jewish hands. — Kalish (Poland) : Losses
of ransacked Jewish shops estimated at eight million roubles
(14,000,000). — Kamenetz-Podolsk: Avstrians flre volleys in streets
and demolish many houses. Valuable articles stolen from syna-
gogues to raise contribution exacted by the invaders. — Warsaw:
Jewish communal workers approach local Polish Citizens' Com-
mittee with regard to policy of Poles who carry on shameful
agitation against Jews, especially in the Dwa Grosze. Prince
Lubomirsky, president of the committee, agrees on necessity of
fostering peace among all citizens and promises to issue appeal
for harmony and good feeling. — 18. Jewish periodicals, Dos
Yiddish Volk, Vilna; Die Zeit, Petrograd; Dos Wort and Ha-Olam,
Odessa, suspend publication. — Radom: German troops maltreat
Jews; number seized as hostages for payment of war flnes imposed
on various towns. — 25. Jewish Duma deputies receive many
appeals from Jews of towns ruined by the German and Austrian
invaders, asking them to obtain permission for the sufferers to
settle outside the Pale. Prefect of Petrograd forbids police from
expelling without his permission Jews coming from the war area.
— Governors of Piotrokov and Lublin, and Roman Catholic and
Orthodox clergy, issue appeals for peace among all nationalities;
Liberal Poles agitate in favor of extending rights to Jews in
Poland. — Government favors proposal of Jewish Communities to
allow the use of reserve of Jewish meat-tax, for purpose of opening
co-operative stores for benefit of citizens of all nationalities. —
Odessa: Jews arrange for maintenance of families of Jewish
reservists and for education of children whose fathers are at the
front. — Mrosikov (Radom) : German invaders pillage the Jewish
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 259
quarter. — October 2. Konin, near Kalish: Germans take fifteen
Jews as hostages. Commander Von Launitz threatens to kill five
of the hostages for any disobedience on part of population. —
Kalish: Bodies of thirty-seven Jews found under ruins of burnt
building. — Tomashev: Austrian invaders sack all Jewish shops,
and throw Jewish shopkeeper into the river, for asking for a
receipt for confiscated goods. — Baron H. Gunzburg returns from
France and joins army as a private. — " Mountain " Jews of Gortzi
in the Caucasus offer to equip a number of mounted volunteers. —
Jewish aviator, M. Morgulis, wires Deputy Freedman to endeavor
to secure his admission to Military Aviation Section. — Lodz: Jews
Invite political leader, M. GutchkofC, a shareholder in the Novoe
Vremya, to witness a patriotic demonstration at synagogue, and
persuade him to repudiate libels against the Polish Jews in that
paper. — Polish governors take action against anti-Jewish charges
of espionage and treason. Governor of Piotrokov promises protec-
tion to Jews. Governor of Lublin threatens those who Incite riot
when intomal peace is essential to national welfare. — ^9. Novoe
Vremya states that many Jews leave Alexandrov rather than
comply with appeal of the German commander for co-opera-
tion arainst the Russians. — Ekaterinoslav: Philanthropist M.
Feinb<»rg devotes twelve per cent of his income to the war
fund. Bielistock : Authorities accept resignation of seventy Poles,
who enrolled with five hundred and fifty Jews as volunteers
for Red Cross, but refuse to co-operate with the Jews. — Govern-
ment decides to increase Jewish army contingent this year by
suspending some of the exemptions possessed by Jews. — Satanov
(Podolia) : Jews appeal to Government to ascertain whereabouts
of the forty-two hostages, mostly wealthy Jews, abducted by the
Austrian invaders. — 16. About four thousand Russian Jewish
students from foreign institutions to be recalled for military
service. — Lodz: One hundred and fifty Jews form cyclist company,
and offer their services. — Tchenstochov: Editor of a Jewish
newspaper sentenced by German commander to trial by field court-
martial for publishing an extract from a Russian newspaper. —
Novomiesto (Poland) : An Austrian-Polish irregular band imposes
on Jews a war contribution of ten thousand roubles ($5,000). —
Poles denounce Jews in towns reoccupied by Russian troops as
traitors, accusing them of having assisted the Germans. — Kiev:
Princess Helena Altenberg obtains permission for Jewish refugees
from destroyed towns to remain in the city for seven days. — 23.
Seradz: During the new German invasion Rabbi Segal arrested
among the hostages, and many Jewish houses and shops pillaged. —
Krizopol (Podolia) : Twenty-five Jewish " intellectuals " work as
day laborers, and devote income to relief funds. — Lodz: Rabbis
give ten per cent of their income to the Red Cross Fund. — 30.
Grand Duke Nicholas, Russian Commander-in-Chief, annouoc^s
10
Digitized by
Google
260 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
that the Russian victory in Galicia brought freedom for all people,
and no hindrance to their development and religion or to the use
of their languages. — Many Municipalities appeal for Government
grants to support Jewish and Polish refugees from frontier towns.
— Pilvushki (Kovno) : Germans pillage half the Jewish townlet. —
In province of Lublin, war losses to Jews estimated rt over four
million roubles (|2,000,000). — Lutzk: Jewish dentists publish
in Novoe Vremya appeal for permission to join Army Medical
Corps. The Odessa Pharmaceutical Society petitions the Govern-
ment to allow Jewish apothecaries to serve in the field pharma-
ceutical corps. — Novoe Vremya withdraws libel upon the Jews of
Suvalki whom it had accused of favoring the Germans. — ^Lvov:
Poles accuse Jews of firing on Russian troops; as consequence,
between thirty and seventy are fired on and wounded. Many Jews
arrested; Drs. Rabner and Diamond, taken as hostages, released
after investigation. — November 6. Liodz: Germans seize many
Jewish hostages, and impose such restrictions upon Jewish news-
papers that they suspend publication. — Prushkov: Jewish townlet
pillaged by Germans. — Kielce and Radom: Poles plunder many
Jewish shops; on return of Russians the Poles denounce Jews as
pro-Gerpian sympathizers. Several Jews who are arrested are
released after Investigation. — Russo-Jewish boy leads German
column towards Russian forces instead of to a Polish townlet as
demanded. Boy killed in ensuing fight. — Jewish wounded soldier
recuperating at Moscow ordered to proceed to his home town, now
occupied by the Germans. — 13. Satanov: Governor of Podolia
orders that families of thirty-eight breadwinners carried off to
Austria should receive three thousand roubles ($1,500) from the
meat-tax fund. — Prushkov: Germans convert synagogue into a
stable, ill-treat three hundred Jewish and Polish hostages, and
compel aged Jews to march long distances with the army. — ^Rus-
sian Government issues official denial of the German reports of
the persecution of the Jews in Russia and especially in Poland. —
20. Toprovitz: Cossacks destroy the Sefarim which the Jews try
to hide. — In neighborhood of Mstchonov and Grodzisk (Poland),
sixteen merchants shot by Germans for refusing to turn over their
goods to the troops. — Attempts of Liberals to suppress Polish anti-
Jewish agitation as a " Grcrman product," meet with only partial
success. The agitators urge that Poles capture the commerce in
townlets in which the Grermans had destroyed the Polish shops. —
Brvinov (Poland) ; The Germans compel Jews to open their shops
on Saturday, which are thereupon looted by the soldiers.— Opatov
and Kozenitzi: Jewish shops pillaged by the Germans, who also
burn forty houses. — Tomashev and Grodzisk: Jewish shops
destroyed by the Austrians. — Germans sink the Jewish Red Cross
steamer Pantadeush on the Vistula. — Mariampol: A Jew, Ger-
shenovitz, sent to penal servitude for six years, because he acted
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 261
as Mayor during the German occupation, although the inquiry
held hy the Russians showed he had been forced to the oflQce. —
Bielistock: On request of the military authorities, the rabbis
Instruct the Jews to open all tobacco, ammunition, and grocery
shops on Saturdays, and to devote the proceeds to the Jewish
relief fund. — 27. Russians impose fine of five hundred thousand
roubles ($250,000) on town of Pabianitzi, near German border,
because of report that the inhabitants, most of whom are Jews,
welcomed the Germans. — Mstchonov: Germans rob Jewish
tailor shops. — Piotrokov: Germans plunder Jewish shops after
ordering that they remain open on Saturday. — Gura-Kalvaria:
Large Yeshiboth are destroyed. — Germans abduct the rabbi of
Konsk on their evacuation of the town. — Governor-General of
Warsaw thanks Jews for opening new military hospital, assuring
them that after the war their loyal attitude will be adequately
recognized. Deputy Purishkevitch denies charges made against
Polish Jews, and praises their loyalty. Archbishop Platon,
Kishinev, expresses satisfaction with loyalty and generosity of
the Jews. — Pabianitzi and Druskeniki: Poles again denounce
Jews for welcoming and harboring the Germans. Investigation
proves charges baseless. Governors of Piotrokov and Warsaw take
measures to suppress rioting. — December 3. Solozkin (Poland) :
Poles repeat accusation that the Erub wires are a telegraph
connecting Jewish synagogues with the outposts of the enemy.
Commander orders raid. — 4. Turkish Jews in Odessa apply for
oflBcial recognition as subjects of Russia. — Kalish (Poland) : Upon
evacuating, Germans seize Rabbi Chonin, two Shochetim, and two
Jewish merchants as hostages. — Sapotzkin: Synagogue searched
after midnight for telephone alleged to connect with the Germans.
— Skernevitz, Grodzisk, and Sochatchev: Jews falsely accused
by Poles are expelled by Russian commanders. — Bzezin (Poland) :
German document discovered disproving Polish charges that Jews
assisted German invaders. Document states that Jews refused to
join ranks of invaders, and that one Jewish notable, sentenced to
death for protesting against this request, was released upon
appeal of the population headed bv the clergy. — 11. Russian
Orthodox Union issues manifesto to the peasants of Galicia and
Bukowina announcing that Russian rule brings relief from Jewish
power. '* Jewish father, Francis Joseph," will no longer reign,
there will be no Jewish officials or judges, and Jewish property
will be divided among the peasants. — Moscow Military School
announces that not even Christians whose grandfathers were Jews
will be admitted for training as officers. — Taganrog: The Hospital
of the Nobles declines to admit wounded Jewish soldiers. — ^Wiezun
(Plotzk) : According to German press, rabbi and nineteen promi-
nent Jews arrested or beaten, and all Jewish men above age of
ten expelled, Russian cavalry driving them to a distant village.
Digitized by
Google
262 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Many women throw themselves into river to avoid maltreatment
by soldiers. Similar reports from Jewish towns in Galicia through
which Russian army passed. — 18. The military organ, the Russky
Invalid, commenting on emancipation rumors, states that heroism,
loyalty, and generosity of the Jews has created a good impression,
but warns Duma that any attempt to force liberal measures
through the House would prejudice the nation against them. —
Lodz: Reported that nine streets occupied by Jews and two
markets were completely pillaged, while many Jews were wounded
by the Poles in a riot lasting three days. — 25. Circular issued at
beginning of war, authorizing Jewish doctors to sit on recruiting
commissions, annulled. — Jewish population abandon townlets
Lutomirsk, Szbanetz, Radogosch, Zichlln, Belayev, Lovitz, Tushin,
and Strikov. At Lovitz thirty-four citizens, mostly Jews, killed
and many wounded. — Grayevo: Visited twice by Germans. Jews
arrested and taken to Prussia. Grodzisk: Germans shell last train
conveying Jewish refugees. — ^January 1. Mishinetz (Lomzha) :
German invaders force Jews to destroy Russian trenches. On re-
turn of Russians, the Poles denounce the Jews, who are expelled
to Lomzha and Ostrolenko. — Skernevitz, Kozenitzi, Novo-Alexan-
dria, Iren, Mstchonov, Khontzeli, and Gnivashov: The Jews, owing
to Polish denunciation, are expelled. — ^Roigrad: Russians order
Jews to proclaim a Cherem against any one who attempts to cut
the telegraph. The Germans then invade the town and pillage all
Jewish shops. Community escapes to Bielistock. — ^Politchno:
Polish Jewish townlet burnt by Germans. — Owing to battle at
Lodz and execution of many citizens, ten thousand people, includ-
ing heads of Jewish Community, march to Warsaw. — Katish:
Germans shoot Jewish baker and three sons for failing to show
lights in windows. — Izbitz (Lublin) : Austrian soldiers kill Jewish
family of five persons for preventing attack on daughter. — 7.
Government sends commission to ascertain the religious and
national conditions in Galicia, in view of possibility of its becoming
a Russian province. Commission instructed to make special
inquiry into status of Jews. — 8. Warsaw: Pour Jewish members
of Citizens' Aid Committee resign, because of inability to co-operate
with the six Polish members. — Government sends subsidy to Rus-
sian subjects in Palestine through Italian Ehnbassy. — Mariampol:
Jewish male population compelled to work for three days on the
roads because Poles accused them of having assisted Germans.
At Popovo, Tchutchin, and Vladislavovo, Jews sufCer arrest on
account of Polish libels. — 14. Bill introduced in Duma to effect
that families who have a member at the front need not pay the
three hundred rouble ($150) fine for members who fail to appear
for military service- — 15. Novy Voschod, organ- of the Petrograd
communal workers, commenting on letter of German Ambassador
at Washington to New York Jewish newspaper, the Day, declares
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 263
that despite all restrictions the Jews remain attached to Russia. —
Bikov, Belgorai, Annopol, Glusno, Linsko, Opole, and Krasnostav:
Arrests of Jews owing to Polish denunciations. — Tchenstochov:
Germans prohibit Jews from wearing long Eastern coats, on
penalty of heavy fines. As protest the Jews close their shops,
but are forced to open them immediately. — Germans exile to
Prussia Chief Rabhi Treistman, of Lodz, on charge of advocating
boycott of invaders. — Bichav and Yurburg: Poles organize
pogroms. — Deputy Krupensky states that extreme anxiety of
Galician Jews as to intentions of Russia regarding their rights
prevents them from welcoming the Russian occupation. — 22.
Bchovo (Lrublin) : Seventy-eight Jews hanged in one day. —
Kromatov: Houses set on fire, and their inhabitants compelled
to remain in them. — Stashev: Jews attacked while in synagogue,
and eleven hanged in the synagogue itself. — Kursk: Zemstvo
appropriates large sum of money for Polish relief fund on con-
dition that Jews shall not benefit by it. — Plotzk: Polish clergymen
intercede in behalf of the Jews with the Russian authorities, who
make arrests on denunciation of the Polish agitators. As result
forty Jews are set free. — German authorities permit Jews in all
occupied Polish towns to open their synagogues, on condition that
a German officer attend services. — Ministry of Interior forbids
police to deport to Pale Jewish soldiers who had been treated in
hospitals outside that area. — Vilna: Military authorities reject
proposal that old Jewish cemetery be converted into a military
training ground. — Kiev: The publication of the Two-Headed
Eagle suspended for duration of the war. — Through efforts of
Deputy Markoff the Kursk Zemstvo stipulates that its contribu-
tion to Polish Relief Fund shall not be used for relief of Jews. —
Plotzk: Forty Jews, arrested upon denunciation of Poles, released
through efforts of Archbishop Kovalsky. — Russo-Jewish Society
for Promotion of Agriculture and Industry, learning that police
will not disturb the domicile of some one thousand Jewish artisans
who suffered from the war in the Pale, makes arrangements to
open a workshop) at Petrograd. — 29. Vilna: Poles defeat all
Jewish candidates for seats on relief committees. Of seventy-one
relief committees in Poland only nineteen include Jewish repre-
sentatives.— Lodz: German Commander issues proclamation
complaining of loyalty shown by Jews to Russians, when latter
re-entered the town, and threatening, on repetition of such occur-
rences, severe punishment. Germans requisition materials in
large quantity at Jewish factories without paying for it. — Mlava:
Teacher Gordon and son shot on false accusation of communicat-
ing with Russian army. — Febbuaby 5. Moscow Relief Committee
decides to place fourteen per cent of its funds for Poland in hands
of Warsaw Jews, despite opposition to this course. — Cabinet rejects
petition of Ekaterinoslav Municipal Council that children of
Digitized by
Google
264 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
soldiers serving with the colors be admitted to schools regardless
of norm. — Dubrovna: Four hundred unemployed workmen of the
Tallisim factory besiege the synagogue, asking for bread or death.
— Llda: After three months Yeshibah is reopened under direction
of Rabbi Reiness. — At conference of Russian Liberals Jewish
communal leaders urge that, on reopening of Duma, bill be intro-
duced for abolition of Pale and educational restrictions. — Foreign
Committee of the Jewish Socialist Party of Russia, Lithuania, and
Poland ("Bund") publishes protest against treatment by Russia
of Jews. — Zamostie: Orthodox priest and judge deny Polish state-
ment that Jews welcomed invaders, and secure release of all Jewish
prisoners. — 12. Szirardov (Poland) : Bombs from German aero-
plane kill five Jewish citizens. — Sochatchev: Seven Jews executed
as result of Polish libels. — ^Velun: Germans arrest rabbi and
sexton of synagogue for advising Jews to remain indoors. — Glus:
Many Jews arrested. Valnovolitza: Jews flogged. — Dilevo:
Several Jews ordered expelled, as result of Polish libels, are per-
mitted to remain upon payment of fine. — Senate orders police
to suspend regulation requiring Jewish commercial travelers out-
side the Pale to produce documentary evidence that no legal
proceedings were in progress against them. — All Hebrew and
Yiddish publications in district of Kiev suspend publication for
duration of the war. — 19. Ministry orders levy of fine of three
hundred roubles ($150) on Jewish families who failed to present
members to the recruiting commissions, even in the ruined Polish
townlets where the Jews are in dire distress, and though the
absentees are usually persons who emigrated to America. —
Mlava: Germans erect fort in Jewish cemetery. — ^Lodz: Jewish
artisans prohibited from producing Yiddish plays. — Kovno: The
Letts declare boycott against Jews, accusing them of helping
German invaders and of espionage. — Warsaw Citizens' Central
Committee issues circular to branches instructing them to assist
Jews as well as Christians, and to consult Jews as to relief
measures. — 26. Professor Kotlorovsky, on return from Galicia,
reports that the Jewish problem is puzzling the Russian authori-
ties, who believe it can be solved only in conjunction with the
entire Russo-Jewish question, primarily by the abolition of the
Pale. — MarkofC, Real Russian leader in Duma, introduces bill
providing that after the war Galician Jews be deprived of
their rural estates, in accordance with laws of Russia, and that
these estates be given to Russian soldiers. Deputy Dzubinsky, on
behalf of Labor Party, protests against continued persecution of
Jews. — Poles and Jews in Velun district, occupied by Germans,
confer with view to adjusting differences in face of the common
enemy. Conference decides to issue manifesto calling on Jews
and Poles to live in peace; Germans expel delegates to Germany. —
March 5. In Pilitza and Prosnitz districts hundreds of Jewish
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 265
homes ruined. Rodomitz, Malenetz, Przetorz, Mironov, Viskitok,
SzarnoY, Tarlov, and Makov partially destroyed. Twenty thousand
Jewish refugees arrive at Warsaw from the Polish townlets. —
Kalish: Germans arrest number of Jews, accusing them of pro-
Russian sympathies. — Prince Oldenburg allows petition of Odessa
Pharmaceutical Society, to permit Jewish apothecaries serving in
the army to join the Medical Corps. — 12. Irkutsk: Exchange
Committee suggests to other Siberian Exchange Committees that
they send joint petition to Ministry, asking that Jewish war refu-
gees who have relatives in Siberia be allowed to settle there. —
Novogeorgievsk: Commander of fortress issues order to troops to
take Jewish hostages In all places occupied by them in view of
statements in German press, stating Jewish attitude towards them
is friendly on account of Russian oppression. — Chentzin (Kielce) :
In bombardment over ninety, mostly Jews, killed. — Pinchev:
Synagogue over six hundred years old destroyed by shells. —
Gostinen: Upon failure of community to pay contribution
demanded, Germans arrest Jewish notable, Bressler, as hostage.
Jews organize a militia to guard the townlet. — Plotzk: One hun-
dred and forty Jews exiled to Siberia charged with trading with
German army contractors. — Piotrokov: Epidemic of typhus in
Jewish quarter. — Prushkov, Bolimov, Viskitok, Mstchonov, Szirar-
dov, Novomiesto, Biala, Piasetzno, Groitz, Gura-Kalvaria, Leshno,
Blone, Mogilnitz, Nadarzin, Kornitz, and minor places: Jews
expelled on account of anti- Jewish slanders. Petition to Governor-
General results in a few trains being sent to convey some of the
wanderers. — Kiev: Governor forbids Polish Jewish exiles to settle
In city. — 15. Thirty rabbis propose that all Jews fast on day
preceding the new moon of Nisan, and contribute money thus
saved to general relief fund. — 19. Rabbi Eisenstadt, Petrograd,
appeals to all rabbis, to devote fixed percentage of their salaries
to fund of Baron Gunzburg for rabbis deprived of their living
through the war. — ICA in Petrograd receives order from the
Government for one million shirts for the army, with aim of
giving employment to Jews made destitute by the war. —
Grodno: Commandant orders Jews to open shops on Friday even-
ings and on Saturdays. — Moscow Municipality votes nineteen
thousand roubles ($9,500) for Polish Jewish exiles. Vilna
Municipality sends ten thousand roubles ($5,000) to Poland
without specifying that relief be given to all. Fund of Grand
Duchess Tatiana places sum of twenty thousand roubles ($10,000)
at disposal of Warsaw Jews. President of Warsaw Community
offers to find work for one thousand Jewish artisans, refugees in
Central Russia. — Governor of Tula expels Jewish merchants, even
those of First Guild. — 26. Governor-General Bobrinsky issues
order prohibiting Jews to enter occupied province, Galicia, or to
move from one district to another. — Officially announced that
Digitized by
Google
266 AMERICAN JEWISH YBAll BOOK
Czar's gift of one million roubles ($500,000) to Warsaw will be dis-
tributed among all citizens without distinction of creed. — ^Jewish
communities outside the Pale petition Government to be permitted
to accommodate Polish Jewish refugees there, and promise them
maintenance. — ^Petrograd: Jewish Distress Committee undertakes
to send to Galicia one hundred thousand roubles ($50,000) a
month for four months to assist the newly-formed organization at
Lvov for relief of Jews in Galicia. — Warsaw: Yiddish correspond-
ence, and Odessa: Yiddish conversations on telephone banned.
Riga: Several Jews fined for speaking Yiddish, because the
language is akin to German, which is prohibited there. — Kalish:
Pew hundred poor Jews left in city supported by Community of
Breslau. Germans transport to Prussia the Jewish "intel-
lectuals" of Sapotzkin. — ^Apbil 2. One hundred and forty Jews
expelled to Siberia from Plotzk, for alleged trading with German
army contractors. — Russky Invalid, official military organ, declares
that all attempts of young Jewish students to enter the school for
officers are futile, as the General Staff is determined on this point.
Jews of Poland are also accused of disloyalty to the State and of
sympathy with the (Jerman invaders. — Petrograd: Jewish dele-
gates of Relief Committee not permitted to visit or render assist-
ance to Jews in ruined townlets of Radom and Kielce. Committee
opens workshops at Warsaw. — Polish anti-Jewish agitators spread
reports of Jewish plots, and express alarm at increasing danger
of Jewish influence at peace negotiations. They allege plot to buy
the Novoe Vremya with view to dominate the press. — Poles demand
that Polish Jews do not confer with Russian Jews with regard
to war relief measures, but regard themselves as a separate body
distinct from Russian Jewry. Rabbis and Zaddikim decline to
sign Polish patriotic manifesto on the situation created by the war.
— Conference of Union of Russian Towns urges that instead of
verbal representations on behalf of Jews, a memorial be sent to
the Government pleading specially for rights of families of Jews
at the front. — Petition on behalf of Polish- Jewish war refugees
for permission to settle at Rostov rejected. — Endeavors of Mayor of
Petrograd to retain Jews in Municipal service fail. — 9. Dzenitza
(Radom) : Invaders line up two thousand Jews, and threaten to
shoot the men; superior officer orders people spared, but their
houses burnt. — ^Radom: Authorities expel all Jews not perma-
nently settled, as result of renewed libels. From other provinces
Jewish exiles still crowd capital of Poland. — 16. Tchita and
Nertchinsk (Asiatic Russia) : Military authorities convert syna-
gogues into military prisons. — Irkutsk: Zionist leaders tried for
making collections for Jewish war sufferers acquitted. — Seini
(Suvalki) : Poles charge Jews with obtaining advance information
of arrival of Germans and with buying the property seized by the
invaders, though local synagogue was seized by the Germans and
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 267
converted into a hospital; Jews of military age transported to
Prussia, and property of Jews confiscated. — 23. Groitzl and
Novomiesto: Five Jews charged with " having assisted the German
invaders " acquitted. — Shiplishek: Jews being deported to Prussia
utilize panic in German lines, to escape to Russian front. — ^Novoe
Vremya declares : ** There is no doubt that the Jews are making an
effort to complicate the purposes of the war. The Novy Voschod
recommends Jews to demand international guarantees for their
civil and national rights. It is scarcely in the interest of Russia
to allow international interference in her internal affairs. Russia
is not on trial in this war." — Petition sent to Government regard-
ing the military order prohibiting Jews to stay in the resorts on
the coast of Finland and near Kronstadt. — Governor-General of
Poland, Prince Engalitchev, advises Jews seeking amelioration of
their status to refer question to Petrograd. Premier receives
Baron A. Gunzburg, Advocate Sliosberg, and several Polish-Jewish
notables, and the Ministers of Finance, of the Interior, and of
War, accord interviews to Deputies Freedman and Bomash. — 30.
Warsaw: Sanitary Commission recommends that Government
expel many of the fugitive Jews for sanitary reasons. — Radom and
Kielce: Expulsion of whole Jewish communities from various
towns renewed. — Moscow: Jewish Relief Committee decides that
ten million roubles ($5,000,000) are necessary for relief of Jews
in various communities. Conference adopts resolution condemn-
ing the persecution of Jews in towns in the war areas. — Bielistock:
As result of German aerial raid, synagogue is demolished. —
Maklakoff, Minister of Interior, submits to Cabinet a proposal
that State compensate Jews exiled from military zone; Moscow
Jewish Conference resolves to address an appeal to the Govern-
ment, not only endorsing M. MaklakofF's scheme, but also suggest-
ing that more extensive grants be made to Jewish exiles. Similar
appeal will be made to municipal bodies dealing with relief of war
sufferers.-:-Moscow: Jewish Conference decides to draw attention
of Government to the sanitary and moral dangers of policy of
wholesale expulsions of Jews from war zone; the question rendered
very acute by latest report of Governor-General of Poland, that
upon advice of military authorities he is expelling all Jews, irre-
spective of age, sex, or status, from the provinces of Radom and
Kielce, and that no appeals on the matter are being entertained. —
Warsaw: Polish anti-Jewish paper, the Dzien, suggests that from
a military standpoint it would be safe to allow only two or three
per cent of Jews to live in a town. — Grodno: Eight hundred more
Jewish families expelled. — Court acquits Jew of Druskeniki
accused by Poles of having signalled to Germans. — Heads of Red
Cross decide not to accept further applications from Jewesses to
serve in military hospitals as nurses. — May 6. Children of Jewish
soldiers at front given permission to remain in Baltk* provinces
Digitized by
Google
268 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
outside the Pale during tlie war. — Of Jews expelled from war
zone political suspects are sent to Tomsk, Siberia; others to Pale,
east of Dnieper River, and not including the Crimean peninsula.—
7. Feeding center and dispensary established in synagogue of a
Polish Jewish townlet. Priest holds Orthodox Russian service
at request of M. Gutchkoff, one of the organizers. — Sapotzkin: All
houses searched and the Jew Tarlovsky shot by • Germans for
sheltering Russian soldiers. — Shavli: One hundred and eighty
Jews abducted. Two daughters of Crown Rabbi taken as hostages
by Germans, because he refused to act as Mayor. Similar
appointments rejected by Jews in other places. — Seini: Rabbi
deported to Germany as a hostage. — Kopziovo, Taurogen, and
Golinka, damaged by fire. — ^Veisee: Synagogue surrounded on a
Saturday, and all Jews of military age seized and deported to
Germany. Priest averts serious catastrophe by denying Polish
libels against Jews on reconquest of town by Russians. — 14. Czar
thanks Jews of Borisov, Mozir, Pinsk, Ihumen, and Osipovitch, for
loyal messages on occasion of fall of Przemysl. — Liberal organs
and organ of Holy Synod, Kolocol, condemn agitation commenced
by the Russkoe Znamya and the Zemstchina in favor of exclusion
of Jews from army on ground they are traitors and cowards. — 20.
Minister of Education issues regulation for support of families of
Jewish teachers by the Jewish Educational Fund. — 21. Govern-
ment arranges an inter-departmental conference respecting distri-
bution of exiles allowed to reside throughout the Pale, so as to
avoid congestion. — Grodno: Property and business of the Jews
expelled from vicinity of the fortress appropriated by Christians.
— Kutno: Five Jews seized as hostages, because of inability of
population to pay fifty thousand marks ($12,500) for German
losses in East Prussia. — Lodz pillaged by invaders. — Simlo and
Olita (Suvalki): All Jews expelled to Tchernigov. — Gorlice
(Galicia) and Radoshitz (Poland) : Jews expelled. — Vilna: Con-
ference of authorities, including the Governor, proposes to expel
all Jews from districts of Troki and Lida. — Grodno: Anti-Jewish
agitators invent libel, later disproved, that local Crown Rabbi,
residing temporarily at Slonim, had been executed for communicat-
ing with Germans. — ^Warsaw: Polish Sanitary Committee recom-
mends to Governor-Greneral that no more Jewish refugees be
admitted into Warsaw, and that those already there be gradually
removed further inland. — Suvalki: Authorities on account of
Polish libels expel all Jews to more remote districts. Communities
of Lodz, Seree, Veisee, Seini, Shaki, Krasnopol, Pien, Leipun,
Balnetzisek, and others fast disappearing. A few hundred Jews,
who delayed leaving Kozlovaruda and Shaki, brought under escort
to Vilna. — ^Jewish communal workers persuade authorities to
cancel order for expulsion of thirty thousand Jews from parts of
Grodno and Vilna. — Ekaterinoslav: Petition to allow Jewish exiles
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 269
to settle in the villages rejected. — Bessarabia: About three thou-
sand Jewish families from Bukowina arrive and increase misery
created there by the expulsion of all Jews from the villages near
Chotin. — 28. Vilna: Authorities prohibit all Yiddish plays for
duration of the war, because Yiddish resembles German. — Follow-
ing imposition of a fine on the organ of the Petrograd Jewish
communal workers, the Novy Voschod, the military authorities
suspend its publication for duration of the war. — Rossieny: Jews
ill-treated for not furnishing Germans with information about
movement of the Cossacks. Jewish lawyer Levy seized as hostage.
— Lipsk: Shops sacked and thirty-eight houses burned. — Plotzk:
. Influenced by appeal of Bishop Kovalevsky, invaders admit that
city cannot raise the fifty thousand marks ($25,000) indemnity
demanded; Jewish hostages released.
Towns Partially ob Wholly Destroyed
September 25. Kalish: Seten hundred and fifty houses, mostly
Jewish, burnt. — Dzevitza (Radom) : Jewish quarter and syna-
gogue burnt. — October 16. Druskeniki burnt. — 23. Taurogen. —
Yusefov (Poland) burnt. — Janov and Khortzeli, near Plotzk,
burnt. — 30. Gura-Kalvaria and Piasotzno burnt. — November 6.
Dzulogintze and Krasnostav. — December 11. Sgerz, Mlava, and
Matchevitch (Poland).— 18. Kibarti, Brezin, Vladislavov, Wish-
kini, Ratzki, and Fullipovo burnt. — ^Kutno: Houses burnt, owners
accused of hiding Cossacks. — 25. Plotzk: Jewish townlet, and
Blony and Bakalarzevo reported ruined by invaders. — January
15. Jewish townlets Skirstemonach, Erzvilk, and Annopol par-
tially destroyed. — March 5. Rzetzitza, Brezin, Grotovitz, Lubatch,
Blina, Gostoma, Ezeretz, and others, burnt. — ^ApRHi 9. Belsk,
Zalessie, Razionz, Drobin, Lipsko, Sassov, Belokamin, Podkamin,
and Zaliozi destroyed. — 16. Grozda: Busk and Stabin partially
destroyed. — 23. Grozda: Deguta and Yanovo burnt. — Mariampol:
Greater part in ruins. — 30. Skernewitz : Destroyed by fire. Sochat-
chev: All houses destroyed during battles. — May 21. Yurburg:
Jewish townlet destroved.
Decorations on Field of Battle
September. Order of St George received by Katz (Petrograd),
Elijah Levin (Vilna), Pernikoff (Dvinsk). — ^^October. Aberzgaus,
Fridland, Ladizensky, Lipovsky, Dr. Lurie, OkunefC, Paradiztal
(Lodz), Pep, Rabbinowitch, Rosenstein, Tabatznik, Joseph Trum-
pelman, I. Tumarkin (Homel) ; Miller recommended for decora-
tion, second class. — November. Feigenson, Gutman, Kruglikoff,
Borin, Lerner, Belensky, Pereslavtzeff, Trosman, Moritz, Michaels,
Wilenkin, Nurnberg, BerkofC, Soiferman, Rosovsky, Mandelstamm.
— December. Brusclovsky, Frames, Glickman, Schwarts, Arskin,
Digitized by
Google
270 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Koppelovltch, Freidln, Maslovsky, Beker, Pernikoff, Segal, Gutkin,
receive higher grades in the Order. — Sokzonoff (Vilna) receives
St. George medal and permission to enter military academy. —
Yoflan obtains two degrees of Order of St. (Jeorge. — ^Unansky,
Zeitlin and two brothers, Chutz, Davidovitch, Amstchislavsky,
and TchertkofC receive Order of St. George. — January. Order of
St. George received by Kane, Marshalek, Tziz, Goldschwanger,
Abner Daitelzweig, TelalnikofC, Leiser Reznik, Dnbrlnsky, Leonid
Spiegel, Biedermann, Isaac Kofihnan, Myron Moisjevitch, Hill-
man, Blumstein, Lifiander, Laskin, GoUant, Kantorz, Sandler,
Manovitch, Eisenberg, Ortenberg, Panitch, Yosem, Grover, Duboff,
Volmir, Schuster, Holtzman. — Februaey. Simkin, Kllntcliiii,
Henichovitch, Portnoi, Freidman, Rukman, Kukla, Domb, Kazdan,
Victor, Katzenlbogen, Zelitchenko, Gurevitch, Borisovsky, Bzel-
nitzky, Shapiro, Rivkin, Dizur, Weiss (second class). Dr. Geishun
(third class), Shur, Ponarmu, Sherbarg, Kotlarewski, Baumholtz,
Chwollis, Reichenstein, Konstantiaovsky, Grodsky, Edelmann,
Sheinfea, Berenstein, Dechman, two brothers Brodkin, Safian
(second class), Kaplan (second class), Jewish volunteers Gutman
(13 years) and Seltzer (16 years), Kolnik, Derzavetz, Stem,
Bogdanoff, MagasayefC, Azrel, Lichtenstein, Levitin, Goldblum,
Kornfeld, Bornstein, Kapulsky, Tchorni, Hershkovitch, Wasser-
man, Brenner, Nachtigal, Rosen, Vedman, Kuzmitz, Peckar, Luski,
Katz, Ogol, Ginzburg, Tzalkovitch, Saphirstein, Bolotin, Frank,
Poliak. — March. Shinderman, Tzatzkin, Grinstein, Shneider,
Meyerovsky, Yanovetz, Eisen, Val, Pakehver, Glotman, Kostovsky,
Lebedinsky, Canter, Yankelevitch, Burtman, Ostrovsky, Gubkin,
Nazimov, Breinovsky, Grusenberg, Stolpner, Borispolsky, Corporal
Rabbinowitch, Katzenelsohn, Alpert, Bliazer, Mornenetz, NefedofC,
Plachuta, Pleshakov, Zadikoff, Shmutko, Sretensky, Sterlikoff,
Shev%lin, Blagoslovensky, Tongkonogi, Friedenson, Bmin, Shotz,
Slutzkovsky, Samsonoff, Bichovsky, Skrotzky, Soochnik, Farfel,
Krish, Yochelson. Five other Jews also received this order, but
military censor only permitted mention of their initials or first
names. — Order of St. George received by Lazare, KofPman, Ekateri-
noslav (13 years), Markovitch, Shlionsky, Helfman, Elijah Ginz-
burg (13 years), Rudzki (15 years). — ^April. Order of St. George
received by Helfman; Levinson; Briker; Gorni; Reznik and
Feigenson (for second time); eleven other Jews; Agol, Katzenel-
sohn, Moshkovsky (Vilna); twenty-three Jews, initials only re-
corded; Nuchimson, Churik, Ruchlak; Osok; Krul; Rosenthal;
sixteen Jews, initials only recorded. Markovitch awarded all
four degrees. — Order of St. George received by thirteen Jews,
initials only published. — May. Rizik, Shlioma, Zelkovitch, Brazel,
Cohen, Reles, Kelner, Zeifman, Chorovitzer, Grinkevitch, Leibo-
vitch, Failikman, Fisher, Chaitov, Tarnovsky, Hendler and
Giinzberg. Levinson obtains Order for second time during this
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— RUSSIA 271
war. Abr. Zelkovitch, Tabakoff, and Bershakovsky, who won
Order In Russo-Japanese campaign, receive higher degree. Cor-
poral Kisilevsky, Morgulis, Mogileff, Lipis, Rosenberg, Buchaltzeff,
Sergeant Miller, Meckler, and Abr. Anselevitch (aged 13).
Septembeb. Cross of St. George received by Osnas (Vilna),
Simon. — Novembeb. Tcherkass (2),Chaikin (3). — May. Cross of
St. George awarded to Jacob Dubov, barrister, Petrograd; Saul
Birch; eight Jewish soldiers, initials only recorded. — Febbuaby.
Order of St. Anne received by Dr. Glickman, Dr. Safian. — ^Apbil.
Order of St. Anne received by Dr. Leipuner, second degree; Dr.
Goldberg, third degree. — May. Dr. Chorontzitzky, third degree. —
Ja-vuaby. Order of St. Stanislav received by Dr. Goldberg, Dr.
Safian, Dr. Sorin, Dr. Zeldoff, Shur, FonarefP, Sternberg, Kotlarov-
sky, Spanion, Kohan. — Mabch. Dr. Alexander, Monosson, Helf-
man, Asness. — ^Apbil. Order of St. Stanislav received by Helfman ;
Asness, military doctor; four military doctors; one doctor, initials
only recorded. — May. Drs. Klein, Finklestein, Stockman, Hal-
perin, Bernstein-, Grossman and Chasin, third class. Dr. Ciolden-
berg, second class. Dr. Chorontzitzky, third degree. — Januaby.
Order of St. Vladimir received by Dr. Yapolski. Benj. Baumholtz
(fourth class). — May. Order of St. Vladimir received by military
doctor State Councillor Abelman, third degree. — Novembeb. Tsip-
rinsky awarded three medals. — Decembeb. Katz receives medal;
Bezprozvanny decorated. — Febbuaby. Rabbi Kroshkin, Akerman,
M. Nemetz (Krementchug), receive gold medal and Alexander
ribbon. — ^Apbil. Military medal received by Klioner. — May. Leo
Israel (14 years). — ^Apbil. Annie X, nurse, receives St. George
medal. — Sternberg, military doctor, appointed a State Councillor.
— May. Lieutenant Yankelevitch, volunteer in French Army,
joins Russian Army with same rank.
Pbomotions
Septembeb. Katz, Petrograd, promoted sub-lieutenant. — Octobeb.
Joseph Trumpelman, corporal, promoted sergeant. — Novembeb. H.
Gunzburg, baron, Petrograd, appointed to the royal guard. —
Tcherkass, volunteer, promoted sergeant. — Tsiprinsky, promoted
sergeant. — 27. Jewish volunteer, aged sixteen, appointed sergeant
for having concealed from the Austrians, under torture, move-
ments of the Russians, and for giving useful information to
the Russian commander. — Decembeb. Brusclovsky promoted
sergeant. — Yoffin promoted sub-lieutenant — Korman promoted
lieutenant. — Januaby. Shuler promoted sub-lieutenant — Reichel-
son, aged fourteen, promoted sergeant. — Goldner and Kaplan pro-
moted lieutenants. — Febbuaby. Safian promoted lieutenant. —
Ratnav promoted sub-lieutenant — Mabch 12. Helfman promoted
lieutenant.
Digitized by
Google
272 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Necrology on Account of Wab
September. Faivel Shneyerson, non-commissioned oflBcer, wit-
ness in Beilis case, killed in battle of Lemberg. — October, Frenkel,
advocate and lieutenant of the reserve, Kiev. — Mazur, inventor of
field telegraph. — December. Korman, lieutenant. — January.
Shuler, sub-lieutenant. — February. Dr. Glickman; Rivkin, deco-
rated.— May. Jacob Dubov, barrister, Petrograd.
SEEVIA
EUROPEAN WAR
November 13. Nish: Provisional capital; most of the Jewish
inhabitants of Belgrade seek refuge there. Relief Committee
formed by Chief Rabbi and Benison Boubi, philanthropist.
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Levy, Abraham, appointed Assistant Minister Df Finance, May,
1915.
SWITZEELAND
EUROPEAN WAR
December 18. Swiss authorities co-operating with German and
French ministers obtain permission from France and Germany
for the slaughtering of animals according to Jewish rites on
French and German frontiers and for the importation of Kosher
meat into Switzerland.
TURKEY
I
TURKEY (EXCEPT PALESTINE)
GENERAL
July 31. Mohammedan press led by Tasflri Efkiar attacks all
non-Mohammedans and in particular the Jews. Following repre-
sentations by Haham Bashi, Government suspends Tasfiri Efkiar.
— September. Haskeui: Fire destroys eight hundred houses in
Jewish quarter. Three thousand Jews homeless. — January 15.
Haham Bashi protests against existence in Turkey of schools for
conversion of Jews to Christianity, and is assured such schools,
now closed, will not be permitted to reopen. At request of
Haham Bashi, the Minister of Public Instruction cedes to Jewish
Community the building of the Missionary schools in the Haskeui
quarter of Constantinople. — May 28. Constantinople: National
Jewish Hospital Orach Hayim reopened.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— PALESTINE 273
EUROPEAN WAR
July 3. Military authorities ordered not to enroll students of
Yeshiboth in army. — September 18. Turkey abrogates capitula-
tions and treaties, which give European powers extra-territorial
rights. — ^Januaby 8. Chief Rabbi secures better treatment for
Russian Jews; even those detained as prisoners are promised
a Government grant. Prisoners sent to Broussa. — 15. Schools
of the Alliance Israelite Universelle permitted to remain open,
as Ottoman institutions. — ^Apbil 30. Smyrna: Turkish authorities
prevent Jews emigrating. — Smyrna: Governor forcibly occupies
ICA Farm School. Reported that Porte has decided to seize ICA
property in Turkey, because of its being an English Corporation.
II
PALESTINE
General Events Affecting Jews
July 3. The Jerusalem Teachers' Seminary, Boys* School and
Girls' School, and Girls' School in Jaffa, legalized by the Turkish
authorities. — 10. Jerusalem: Serious shortage of water. Central
Ashkenazim Committee appeals to English Jews in telegram to
Chief Rabbi. — 31. Porte again prohibits immigration of Jews into
Palestine, because of campaign carried on by the Arab press of
Syria against Jewish immigration, which has assumed large
proportions. — Constantinople: Trial of editor of the Palestine,
published at Jaffa. Court, accepting plea that he attacked the
Zionist party and not the Jewish religion, acquits the defendant;
paper resumes publication, and continues attack on Zionists. —
September 25. Jaffa: Three hundred Russian Jewish immigrants
debarred and compelled to return to Russia. — December 11. Jew-
ish deputation, headed by Chief Rabbi Nahum, calls on Minister
of Interior, Talaat Bey, and asks him to protect Jews in the face
of increased anti-foreign movement. — January 15. Government
decides to create in the interior of the country fresh markets for
citrons and oranges, the export of which has been stopped by the
war. — 18. Dispatch from Alexandria states that influx of Jews
from Palestine continues. American cruiser Tennessee carries
refugees to Egypt. — Reported that the Arabs have been ordered to
seize Jewish lands, and that Circassians are being settled in each
colony. On January 8 Djemal Pasha orders destruction within a
fortnight of all Jewish colonization documents, under penalty of
death. Reports later disproved. — March 12. Government prom-
ises Palestinian Jews exemption from military service and
reduction of taxes for first year, if they become Ottoman subjects. —
Authorities organize a mixed Jewish and Arab police force in the
Digitized by
Google
274 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
colonies. — ^Apbil 2. Hllfsverein buys Haifa Technlcum by way of
liquidation for £11,000, despite private and official protests, includ-
ing those of former members of American Curatorium. — 30. Mer-
chavia, colony near Tiberias: Conflict between Jews and Arabs;
two Jews killed. — Athlit: Klein, an American Jew, killed. Despite
representations of the United States Consul, the murderers have
not been discovered. — Djemal Pasha, Military Governor, publishes
warning in Palestinian newspapers, that the spread of libels and
committal of acts of oppression against Jews will be severely
punished. — May 7. In connection with the murder of the American
Jew named Klein, thirty Arabs arrested. — 18. New York City:
Provisional Executive Committee for General Zionist Affairs
announces loan of $120,000 has been raised in United States,
France, and England for relief of orange -growers in Palestine.
EUROPEAN WAR
August 31. Upon the suggestion of American Ambassador
Henry Morgenthau, that fifty thousand dollars are immediately
required to relieve the Jewish population, which is facing an
economic crisis, the American Jewish Committee transmits this
sum to Ambassador Morgenthau. (See U. S. War, p. 206.) A loan
fund is established under the administration of A. Ruppin, Aaron
Aaronsohn, and Ephraim Cohn. — Septembeb 11. Number of ap-
peals from Jerusalem for relief reach United States. One signed
by the Ashkenazic rabbi of Jerusalem declares that Turkish army
has drafted hundreds of Jewish young men, many the only support
of their families. — Octobeb 2. Baron Edmond de Rothschild tele-
graphs his agents at Constantinople and Jerusalem to discontinue
negotiations for purchase of more land in Palestine. — 9. Many
Jews of foreign nationality apply to Government for naturaliza-
tion as Turkish subjects. — Novembeb 6. At meeting of committee
appointed by Ambassador Morgenthau in Jafta, plans are drafted
for distribution of the fifty thousand dollars from America. — 22.
Russian Jewish colonists who have failed to become Turkish sub-
jects notified to leave the country. — Decembeb 4. Ottoman forces
take possession of establishments in Palestine belonging to sub-
jects of the Allies. At Jerusalem, Turks seize forty thousand francs
($8,000) at the Anglo-Palestine Bank. — Mabch 5. One hundred
and sixty Russian refugees from Palestine detained on Russo-
Roumanian frontier as result of inability to show passports. — 12.
Hederah: Colonists accused of having sold thirty bags of wheat
to a British cruiser. Sheikh of Hakoun, instigator of plot, brings
forged document to the Kaimakam of Jenin, who takes battalion
of soldiers to punish colonists. — Jaffa: Ministry reported to have-
recalled all officials guilty of repressive acts against Jews after
declaration of war. Committee arrested and sent to Nablus, but
Pasha of Nablus arrives unexpectedly at Hederah in time to pre-
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNION OP SOUTH AFRICA 275
vent harm to the colony. — Apbil 15. David YelUn and Scheinkin,
Zionists of Palestine, arrested on charge of high treason. M.
Antebi, head of Alliance schools, obtains their release on condition
they remain in Tiberias pending definite order from Constan-
tinople.— 16. As result of American and Italian pressure, Djemal
Pasha, Military Governor of Palestine, visits Jaffa Gymnasium
and informs the Director that the oppressive policy was result of
a misunderstanding; he warns the local Kaimakam against a
repetition of disorders. — 21-. Alexandria: Seventy Jews arrive
from Jerusalem, who describe economic situation as terrible.
Flour costs £3 a sack, potatoes are six times the ordinary price,
sugar and petroleum are unprocurable, and money has ceased to
circulate. Many deaths occur from starvation; locusts recently
appear in huge swarms, accentuating the distress. — 30. American
Consul at Jerusalem cables: " Public kitchens in Jerusalem, which
are helping thousands of families, are in deepest want and pray
for relief." American Jewish Relief Committee transmits addi-
tional $16,000 to Alexandria for purchase of food for Palestinian
Jews. — May 7. British permit colonists to export oranges. — ^Jew-
ish doctors resign from Red Crescent because of mismanagement
of its affairs. — 21. Turkish authorities permit reopening of the
Jaffa Jewish Girls* School and the Teachers* Seminary. Communi-
cations in Hebrew are again allowed. David Yellin acts as mili-
tary Censor for Hebrew letters. New Ottoman subjects are not
compelled to serve in army. — 28. Turkish authorities insert notice
in the Palestinian newspapers again urging the Jews who are sub-
jects of belligerent countries to become Ottoman citizens, and
threatening to expel those who neglect to do so.
Ill
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
MoBGBNTHAu, Hbnby, Jb., SOU of Ambassador, decorated by Sultan
with Order of Osmanje, third degree. May, 1915.
UNION OP SOUTH AFRICA
July 5. Gralikmstown: Dedication of Hill Street synagogue. —
January 8. Johannesburg: Amalgamation of Witwatersrand Old
Hebrew Congregation and Johannesburg Hebrew Congregation. —
22. Cape of Good Hope: University arranges that no examinations
occur on a Saturday.
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Bender, A. P., Cape Town, elected member of the Council of the
King Edward Order of Nurses, July, 1914.
Cotton, E. H., J. P., Port Elizabeth, elected member of Town
Council, ApL, 1915.
Digitized by
Google
276 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Platnaueb, Leonard, Cape of Good Hope, awarded Rhodes
Scholarship, Mch., 1915.
RoMAiN, A. A., re-elected member of Town Council of Bethlehem,
Orange Free State Province, Apl., 1915.
Vanleeb, Philip M., Pretoria, elected member of Town Council,
Apl., 1915.
EUROPEAN WAR
Appointments
January. Sam Salomon, lieutenant-colonel, appointed Base
Commandant at Kimberley. — ^Februabt 7. Ben Rabinson, Rhode-
sian Regiment, German South West Africa.— April 23. Rev. Lyons
appointed chaplain for the Defense Force, with rank of captain, at
Xiuderitzbucht.
UNITED KINGDOM
GENERAL EVENTS AFFECTING JEWS
July 3. London: Publication of first Yiddish evening paper. —
Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs declares in House of
Commons that though the other great Powers do not concur,
British Government has informed the Balkan States that the new
annexations will not be recognized unless the States concerned
agree to carry out the provisions of the Berlin Treaty of 1878
assuring equal rights of religious and national minorities. — 28.
Sir Edward Grey, in reply to letter of Conjoint Committee, agrees
that the signatory powers of the Paris Convention of 1858 ought
to deal collectively with any infractions of its terms by particular
States. — ^August 5. Darkest Russia suspends publication. —
October 23. Eleven Jewish cabinetmakers engaged on Govern-
mental work at Ormskirk, near Liverpool, said to have been dis-
missed because other workmen employed objected to working with
Jews. Law and Parliamentary Committee of the Board of Depu-
ties to investigate. — November 20. T. M. Healy, K. C, M. P.,
Dublin, at a meeting of Magistrates, attacks Sir Matthew Nathan,
Under Secretary for Ireland, as a Jew. — ^December 4. Glasgow
School Board decides not to provide a special school exclusively
for Jewish children, but offers facilities for religious instruction
within the usual school hours. — February 14. London: Confer-
ence of Socialists of the allied countries adopts resolution embody-
ing a protest against the oppression of Poles, Jews, and Finns in
the Russian Empire. — March 22. Chief Rabbi Hertz becomes
naturalized subject of Great Britain.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED KINGDOM 277
II
JEWISH COMMUNAL LIFE
July 3. Edinburgh: Committee to promote the Hebrew educa-
tion of Jewish youth organized. — 17. United Synagogue refuses
to grant congregational suffrage to women seat-holders. — 27.
London: Branch of the Agudas Visroel formed. — August 21.
Gateshead: Branch of the Agudas Yisroel formed. — Septembeb
10. Hull: Consecration of new Central Hebrew Congregation. —
17. Sheffield: Consecration of new Hebrew Congregation. — Feb-
BUABY 7. Glasgow: Representatives of various synagogues adopt
resolution to be submitted to Chief Rabbi for approval, that a tem-
porary Beth Din be established in Glasgow to deal with religious
matters relating to Passover. — March 12. English Zionist Federa-
tion Executive Council issues statement that it seeks to advance
measures to secure for Jews equality rights in countries where
same are now denied them; to associate itself with any movement
to prevent loss of rights to Jews through transference of territory
from one power to another as result of war; and reiterates loyalty
to Zionist program. — ^Apbil 2. London: Meeting of Board of
Deputies, president announces that Conjoint Committee is making
satisfactory progress in negotiations for the securing of rights for
Jews in the lands changing ownership, and in endeavors to obtain
equal rights for the Jews in Roumania, although this is beset with
a great many more difficulties. — May 21. Manchester: Meeting
of Old Hebrew Congregation adopts resolution expressing opinion
that final solution of Jewish question will be facilitated by creation
of a Jewish political and spiritual center, preferably in Palestine,
under the protection of the British flag.
Ill
APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS
Abrahams, Lionel, appointed Knight Commander of the Order
of the Bath, Jan. 1, 1915.
Bloom, Isidore, Middlesborough, elected to Town Council, Nov.,
1914.
Cohen, Benjamin A., appointed to rank of King's Counsel,
Oct., 1914.
Emanuei:., Samuel Henry, London, appointed, by the King,
Recorder of Winchester, Jan., 1915.
Herzog, Rabbi Dr. Isaac, Paris, receives degree of Doctor of
Literature from the Senate of London University, Aug., 1914.
Jessel, Albert H., K. C, receives rank of Deputy Grand
Registrar, from Masonic Grand Lodge of England, May, 1915.
Loewe, Herbert M. J., appointed Lecturer in Oriental Languages
at Exeter College, Oxford, Oct., 1914.
Digitized by
Google
278 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Mexdola, Raphael, D. Sc, LL. D., P. R. S., appointed by Govern-
ment on Special Committee formed by President of Board of
Trade, duty of which will be to advise the Government with.
respect to certain branches of chemical industry, the failure of
supplies in which is likely to cause inconvenience to, and to bring
about unemployment in, the country, Sept., 1914.
Montagu, Edwin Samuel, appointed, by King, to Privy Council,
Jan. 1, 1915. — Knighted Jan., 1915. — ^Made member of Britisli
Cabinet as Chancellor of Lancaster County, Feb., 1915. — ^Appointed
financial secretary to the Treasury, May, 1915.
Nathan, Matthew, former Governor of Natal, appointed Under
Secretary for Ireland, Oct., 1914.
Rothschhj), Lionel de, captain. Royal Bucks Hussars (Yeo-
manry), promoted to rank of Major, July, 1914.
Samuel, Hebbebt, appointed Postmaster-General, May, 1915.
Walfobd, Howabd J., elected Alderman of the Borough of Mary-
lebone, Apl., 1915.
IV
NECROLOGY
Beddington, David Lione, London, aged 66, Feb. 25, 1915.
Bebnstein, M. J., skin specialist, Manchester, aged 50, Apl., 1915.
Class, Habbis, Warden, Manchester, Apl., 1915.
Cohen, Abthub, K. C, jurist, London, aged 85, Nov. 3, 1914.
Coublandee, Alphonse, journalist and novelist, London, aged 33,
Oct. 22. 1914.
Deeschfeld, H. T., captain, Eastbourne, aged 47, Feb. 19, 1915.
Emanuel, Geobge J., rabbi, Birmingham, aged 77, Aug. 8, 1914.
Glaskie, a. H. communal worker, Manchester, aged 75, Apl.,
1915.
GoBEB, Edoab, porcelain connoisseur, London, on Steamship
Lusitania, May 7, 1915.
Halfobd, Pbedebick B., clothier and communal worker, London,
aged 78, Oct. 15, 1914.
Hollandeb, Jules, choirmaster, London, aged 49, Apl., 1915.
HoEWiTZ, Louise B., artist, London, Sept. 12, 1914.
Jacobs, A. C, rabbi, Brighton, aged 75, Feb. 4, 1915.
Levy, I. A., rabbi, London, aged 91, Mch. 24, 1915.
Lewis, Solomon J., communal worker, Manchester, Feb. 27, 1915.
Meyee, Louis Monaet, theatrical manager, London, aged 40,
Feb. 1, 1915.
Raphael, Louis E., communal worker, London, aged 57, Dec. 4,
1914.
Rothschild, Nathan Mayeb, first Baron, banker, communal
leader and philanthropist, London, aged 74, Mch. 31, 1916.
Rubinstein, J. S., solicitor, London, aged 64, Mch. 10, 1915.
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED KINGDOM 279
Samuel, Isaac, rabbi, London, aged 82, Oct 24, 1914.
ScHEWziK, B., rabbi, London, aged 62, Apl. 22, 1915.
Solomon, Selim, communal worker, London, aged 76, Jan. 3, 1915.
Tuck, Mrs. Hebmann, communal worker, London, July 16, 1914.
Van Raalte, Jacques, former Consul for Netherlands at
Glasgow, Tunbrldge Wells, Nov. 5, 1914.
Van Stbaalen, Mabtin, communal worker, London, on Steam-
ship Lusitania, May 7, 1915.
YossELSOHN, Isaac M., rabbi, Dublin, aged 65, Aug. 28, 1914.
EUROPEAN WAR
Events Affecting Jews
August 10. American consulate in London appealed to by a
number of Russian, Polish, and German Jews, who claim to
be naturalized American citizens, for passports to return to the
United States. — 14. Chief Rabbi prepares special prayer for peace
in Hebrew and English, to be used in the synagogues of the Empire
on Sabbaths, to be followed by the ritual prayer for the King and
the Royal Family. — 19. Letter of Israel Zangwill in London Times
states that if rumor is true that Czar will confer civil and political
rights on Jews, it will do much to relieve feelings of those who
have felt that the entente with Russia was too high a price to pay
even against German peril. — 21. Leeds: Chief Constable issues
further proclamation whereby aliens of all nationalities are now
compelled to register themselves. The communal authorities issue
handbills in Yiddish for the guidance of foreign Jews. — Hull:
Zimmerman of Hessle Road allows all his tenants whose husbands
or sons are in the war to live rent-free until the wage-earners
return home. — 23. London, Manchester, and Leeds: Meetings of
Jews held for purpose of getting recruits and for consideration of
relief measures for those distressed on account of present crisis. —
24. Cardiff: War-stranded Russian Jews arriving from America
on S. S. Campanello on their way to Rotterdam permitted to land,
after signing of guarantee by the Jews* Temporary Shelter that
they would be taken care of. — 28. English Zionists to open fund
for the relief of the wounded and their families. — Jewish Mutual
Birmingham Lodge, No. 51, Order Achei Brith, and Shield of
Abraham exempt all their members called to the front from
payment of their contributions during the war, and allow them
their complete rights. — Isadore Wartski, Bangor, offers free of
cost his workrooms and machines with services of fitters, workers,
etc., to number of fifty, to the Bangor Women's Patriotic Guild. —
Septembeb 11. Portsmouth: E. Emanuel object of attacks by
local hooligans for being an alleged "Grcrman spy." — In a letter to
Digitized by
Google
280 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Israel Zangwill, Sir Edward Grey states that he realizes the
importance of Jewish emancipation in Russia, and will neglect
no opportunity of encouraging the reform in question. — Octobeb
9. Whole press in England begins active agitation of Jewish rights
in Russia. — 18. London: Attack on shop of Galician Jew (Don-
ners) by anti-German mob. — 19. London: Meeting of Jewish
Board of Guardians, Sir Francis Montefiore states that now
England has no right to help Austrian and German Jews, who
are enemies of the country. — 29. Stephen Graham, in article in
Times on "The Poles as a Nation," discusses the future of the
Jews in Poland. He prophesies that in the reincarnation of
Poland "the presence in Poland of almost all the Jews in the
Russian Empire" is a "stumbling block," which he suggests
should be removed by emigrating the Jews to America. — ^Novembeb
3. London: Manchester Hotel opened by the Jews' Temporary
Shelter as a refugee home for Belgian Jews. — 6. London: Sir
Stuart Samuel protests to Government against wholesale arrest of
German and Austrian Jews established there for years but not nat-
uralized.— 27. Lord Rothschild gives one thousand pounds ($5,000)
toward purchase of arms for the Buckinghamshire Battalions
of the Voluntary Training Corps. — Decembeb 4. Important con-
ference of the Jewish Board of Deputies of London and the Jewish
Community of Paris regarding present position of Jews in Poland.
— New Statesman, English weekly, joins appeal made by several
other English papers, that Palestine be established as a neutral
Government and given over to the Jews. — ^Arnold White in London
Daily Express expresses opinion that Palestine should be given
over to the Jews. — 6. London: Meeting to forward enlistment in
the army of a battalion of Jewish recruits. Captain Webber moves
that " this meeting of British Jews considers that the best means
for carrying out the idea of a Jewish battalion is the grouping of
fresh Jewish recruits so that they may be enlisted in bodies in
accordance with the views of the War Office authorities." — 11.
Memorandum handed to Sir Edward Grey, to urge Russia to
maintain Jewish rights and privileges in conquered provinces of
Galicia. — Sunderland: Local Justices of the Peace instruct Magis-
trates' clerks to refuse offer of Jews, either naturalized British
subjects or sons of same, to serve as special constables. Jews
who had been already sworn in, with exception of two, were
informed of the cancellation of their enrolment. — 21. Agitation
to oust Sir Ernest Cassel and Sir Edgar Speyer, naturalized
Germans, from the British Privy Council — 24. George K. Chester-
ton, in the New Witness, protests against the influx of Russian
Jews into England. — January 15. Editor of Jewish Chronicle
interviews Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Acland,
with view to obtaining permission of the Government for raising
of funds for relief of inhabitants of an " enemy country, Palestine,
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED KINGDOM 281
and the assistance of the Government in transmission of such help
as could be obtained." — 22. London Times, at request of Russian
Embassy, states that there is no foundation for statement, alleged
to have been made by the Russian Minister for Foreign Affairs,
M. Sazonoff, that, after the war, nothing would be done for the
Jews of Russia. — 24. English Zionist Federation, at annual con-
ference, London, adopts resolution of confidence in the Provisional
Executive Committee organized in America under presidency of
Louis D. Brandeis and providing for establishment of a similar
committee at The Hague. — 25. Michael Adler, rabbi, London,
leaves for front to serve as temporary chaplain to His Majesty's
forces abroad. — 30. London: Conference of Jewish representatives
called by Distressed Polish Jews Aid Committee. — ^Apbil 23.
London Morning Post asks English Government why contracts
were awarded to firms of Montagu and Meyer, insinuating that
the Jewish firms take advantage of the Government in present
crisis. — [Eind]. Resignation of Arthur Strauss, Paddington Jew-
ish member of Parliament, demanded by the Conservative Club
of Paddington, because he is a naturalized citizen and native of
Germany. — ^May 17. Sir Edgar Speyer in letter to Premier
Asquith resigns his privy councilorship and requests revocation of
his baronetcy, because of aspersions as to his loyalty made by
London press. — 21. Bradford: Victor Edelstein, former German
Consul, and Councillor Jacob Moser, J. P., sign protest to Lord
Mayor from citizens of German birth, protesting against Ger-
many's conduct of the war.
Decorations on Field of Battle
October. Reginald L. Marix, flight lieutenant, receives honor
D. S. O. — January. Edward H. L. Beddington and Edwin J. Wyler
receive new Order of the Military Cross. — February. C. J. Elkan,
captain. Reserve of Ofllcers, receives D. S. O.
Promotions
JiTLY. — ^Frank Goldsmith, captain, Duke of York's Own Loyal
Suffolk Hussars, promoted major. — August. Sam Walbrock, lieu-
tenant, appointed adjutant. — Evelyn H. de Rothschild, lieutenant,
promoted captain. — C. F. Lan-Davis appointed a probationary
flight sub-lieutenant, and to the Pembroke, additional, for East-
church Naval Flying School. — 5. J. Levy appointed a probationary
flight sub-lieutenant, and to the Pembroke, additional, for special
course at Eastchurch. — September. E. H. L. Beddington,
lieutenant. Sixteenth Royal Lancers, promoted captain. — F. M.
Beddington, captain, late Third Battalion King's Own (Yorks
L. I.), promoted captain Fourth Battalion Princess Victoria's
(Royal Irish Fusiliers). — J. B. Brunei Cohen, lieutenant. Fifth
Digitized by
Google
282 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Battalion King's Liverpool Regiment, promoted captain. — O.
Emanuel, second lieutenant, Second City of London Battalion
Royal Fusiliers, promoted lieutenant. — J. Lumley Prank, second
lieutenant. Nineteenth Battalion, London Regiment, promoted
lieutenant — A. S. Hands, lieutenant, Seventeenth Battalion, Lon-
don Regiment, promoted captain. — I. M. Heilbron, lieutenant.
Lowland Div. T. and S. Col. A. S. C, promoted captain. — ^L. G.
Montefiore, Ninth Cyclist Battalion, Hampshire Regiment, pro-
moted lieutenant. — Anthony de Rothschild, second lieutenant.
Royal Bucks Hussars, promoted lieutenant. — A. Schottlander,
lieutenant, Fifth Cyclist Battalion, East Yorks Regiment, promoted
captain. — A. B. Walters, second lieutenant. Seventeenth Battalion,
London Regiment, promoted lieutenant — October. Herbert B.
Cohen, captain. Fourth Royal West Kent Regiment, promoted
major. — ^H. E. Davis, A. S. C, gazetted major. — C. D. Enoch, cap-
tain. Seventh City of London Rifles, promoted major. — Reginald
L. Marix, flight lieutenant, promoted flight commander with
seniority, Oct. 31. — Bernard Marks, commissioned lieutenant R. C.
M. T. — E. A. Myer, Sixth City of London Rifles, gazetted major. —
21. Archibald I. Harris, A. S. C, T. P., second lieutenant, promoted
lieutenant with position of Officer-in-charge of Supplies to BHrst
London Divisional Artillery.— 30. F. H. Kisch, R. E., and E. M.
Sinauer, R. E., promoted captains. Captain T. T. Behrens pro-
moted major. — 31. C. F. Lan-Davis promoted to rank of flight lieu-
tenant with seniority Oct. 31st. — ^November. Louis Barron, Dublin,
promoted lieutenant and transferred to the Border Regiment at
Lulworth. — E. H. L. Beddington, captain, Sixteenth Lancers, pro-
moted General Staff Officer, third grade. — P. Bernstein, N. R.
captain, appointed major, commanding "A" Company of the
No. 1 Battalion of the N. W. Regiment, National Volunteer Reserve.
— ^A. E. Elkan, N. R. captain, appointed second-in-command, with
rank of lieutenant-colonel, of the No. 1 Battalion of the N. W.
Regiment, National Volunteer Reserve. — D. Goodman appointed
senior major, adjutant, and organizing officer of the No. 1 Battalion
of the N. W. Regiment, National Volunteer Reserve. — A. F. Joseph,
captain, appointed major, commanding " B " Company of the No.
1 Battalion of the N. W. Regiment, National Volunteer Reserve. —
Cyril H. Mocatta, R. E., promoted second lieutenant. — G. Tuck
appointed lieutenant of " A " Company of the No. 1 Battalion of
the N. W. Regiment, National Volunteer Reserve. — December.
Edgar J. Davis, captain, promoted adjutant. — Nat Freshwater,
R. A. M. C, awarded Distinguished Conduct Medal and a grant of
£50. — Gaster promoted lieutenant. — Harris promoted lieutenant. —
S. J. Lowe, staff major, promoted staff brigadier. — Arthur Michael
Samuel appointed to assist in honorary capacity in the Department
of the War Office, under the Director of Contracts for War Mate-
rial.— W. H. Samuel, captain, promoted major. — Philip Sassoon,
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED KINGDOM 283
M. P., lieutenant. Royal East Kent Yeomanry, promoted staff oflBcer,
attached to General Rawlinson. — Desmond Tuck, lieutenant, pro-
moted adjutant. — W. Reginald Tuck, lieutenant, promoted captain.
— Harry Travers, second lieutenant, promoted lieutenant. —
Januaby. a. J. C. Singleton, second lieutenant, promoted lieu-
tenant.— ^H. M. Jessel, major, promoted temporary commandant.
Remount Department, and temporary lieutenant-colonel. — S. J.
Lowe, major, promoted brigadier. — Sir Philip Sassoon, M. P.,
appointed staff officer. — W. H. Samuel, captain, promoted major. —
Jack Levy, B. Sc, promoted second lieutenant in Twelfth Battalion,
Royal Fusiliers. — S. I. Blairman, A. S. C, promoted lieutenant. —
B. J. Friend, captain, elected member of Military Board and
Inspecting Officer of Units of the National Volunteer Reserve. —
E. H. L. Beddington, captain, Sixteenth Lancers, promoted brigade
major. — L. J. Spielman, lieutenant, promoted captain. — Geoffrey
F. Woolf, second lieutenant, gazetted lieutenant in the Army Ser-
vice Corps. — Jack Canton (Cohen), corporal, promoted sergeant. —
February. Sydney E. Franklin receives commission as assistant
paymaster in Royal Naval Reserve. — Benj. Cohen, private, pro-
moted lance-corporal. — Arthur M. Cohen, captain, promoted major.
Fourth Battalion, Queen's Own (Royal West Kent) Regiment. —
S. Lipson, chaplain, fourth class, appointed captain. — Shaw,
appointed second lieutenant. Sixteenth Royal Fusiliers; C. J.
Gordon, second lieutenant, Ninth North Staffs; M. G. Goodman,
second lieutenant. Twelfth Warwick; Bernhard Kauffman, second
lieutenant. Thirteenth Middlesex. — Ralph Q. Henriques, major,
promoted lieutenant-colonel. — J. S. Marks, captain, promoted
major. — ^W. W. Myers, lieutenant, promoted captain. — Harry L.
Nathan, lieutenant, promoted captain. — John D. Levy, sub-lieuten-
ant, promoted flight lieutenant. — Sir Phillip A. G. D. Sassoon
promoted lieutenant. — Stuart M. Green, corporal, promoted second
lieutenant. — Julian Rosenfeld promoted second lieutenant. — Des-
mond Sutton, H. A. C, promoted second lieutenant. — Jack H. M.
Harris, Ernest M. Kirsch, W. G. A. Joseph, Samson Phillips,
Leonard H. Stern, Claude W. Telfer, R. N. V. R.; B. Moses, C. H.
Mocatta, corporal, promoted second lieutenant. — H. S. Seligman.
R. H. A., major, promoted brevet lieutenant-colonel. — Sydney
Mostyn, lieutenant. Fourteenth Royal Fusiliers, promoted captain.
— David Fallcke, second lieutenant, A. S. C, promoted lieutenant. —
Ellis E. Jacobs, R. N. V. R., sub-lieutenant, promoted lieutenant. —
Douglas C. Stern, Fifth R. W. Kent, second lieutenant, promoted
lieutenant. — Charles V. Marsden, midshipman, promoted sub-
lieutenant.— Isidore Gluckstein, sergeant, promoted second lieu-
tenant.— Arthur M. Solomon, sergeant, Ninth Company of London,
promoted second lieutenant — J. B. Solomon, sergeant, Artists'
Rifles, promoted second lieutenant. — Henry S. Reitlinger, O. T. S.,
promoted second lieutenant, R. F. A. — Gerald A. Seligman, Inns of
Digitized by
Google
284 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Court O. T. C, promoted lieutenant. — ^Arthur Stiebel, O. T. C, pro-
moted second lieutenant, Fourth R. W. Kent. — S. Lipson gazetted
chaplain to H. M. forces, commissioned rank dating from Jan. 22. —
March. Mandleberg, second lieutenant, L. C, Salford Battalion,
Lancashire Fusiliers, promoted lieutenant — ^Abr. Benzecry pro-
moted second lieutenant. — Ralph P. Levy, Fifth Battalion, London
Regiment, promoted second lieutenant. Eighth Battalion, Middle-
sex Regiment. — J. H. Levey, lieutenant, Gordon Highlanders,
adjutant Royal Naval Brigade, promoted captain.— L. Rosenberg,
second lieutenant. Third Bast Yorks, promoted lieutenant. — Frank
Samuel, Arthur F. Moss, promoted second lieutenant. — P. H.
Emanuel, Volunteer Civil Force, promoted lieutenant. — ^A. W.
Hyman, A. I. F., lieutenant, promoted captain. — Claude Bedding-
ton, brevet lieutenant-colonel, promoted lieutenant-coloneL —
Leonard D. Rothschild, lieutenant, Eighth Battalion, K. R. R.,
promoted captain. — Harold A. Kisch, M. B., promoted captain,
R. A. M. C. — Sir P. A. G. D. Sassoon, second lieutenant, promoted
aide-de-camp. — Gerald L. Schlesinger, second lieutenant, promoted
lieutenant. — Jesse Speyer, Alfred J. Sington, Geo. D. Solomon,
O. T. C, promoted second lieutenant. — Harry Infield, second
lieutenant. Twelfth County of London, promoted lieutenant —
Wilfred M. Langdon, Tenth Cheshire, promoted lieutenant. — ^Harry
Bernheim, Fourth Royal Fusiliers, promoted second lieutenant. —
Edgar R. M. Spielmann, Twenty-fifth County of London, promoted
second lieutenant — ^Apbil. H. W. Sassoon, second lieutenant, pro-
moted captain. Ernest E. Polack, second lieutenant 4th Gloucester-
shire, promoted lieutenant. Eric Pinder Davis, second lieutenant
10th Essex, promoted lieutenant. Daniel Castello, Harold Cohen,
Solomon M. Cohen, Edward Samuel, promoted second lieutenant
— 21. David de Lara Cohen, T. D., colonel 1st London Divisional
Royal Engineers, appointed to command of 10th County of London
(Hackney) Regiment. — Gilbert Wilks, R. N. V. R., promoted sub-
lieutenant. Arthur Hyman, R. N. R., promoted chief engineer. —
Wilfred Stanford Samuel, Captain 4th King's Liverpool Regt.,
appointed to the Nigerian Regiment West African Frontier Force.
— Reginald H. Lorie, lieutenant of Regular Forces, promoted
assistant adjutant of the 6th Service Battalion, Royal Irish
Rifles. — May. Adolphe Abrahams, Dr., R. A. M. C, promoted
lieutenant. Radcliffe N. Salaman, Dr., R. A. M. C, promoted
lieutenant. John L. Beddington, lieutenant 7th King's Own York-
shire, L. I., promoted adjutant and captain. Edw. De Stein,
lieutenant 11th King's Royal Rifle Corps, promoted captain.
Maurice H. Druciuer, A. S. C, promoted lieutenant. Edw. J.
Duveen, A. S. C, promoted lieutenant. Isidore Gluckstein, 5th
Royal West Kent, promoted second lieutenant. R. H. Montagu,
second lieutenant 8th Hampshire, promoted lieutenant. J. C.
Routh, captain, 2d Cheshire Regt. Herbert W. Barnett, captain
Digitized by
Google
EVENTS IN 5675— UNITED KINGDOM 286
13th (Kensington) London Regiment. Robt. P. Behrens, lieuten-
ant, 2d S. W. Borderers. Ph. D. Weinberg, second lieutenant, 4th
the Black Watch. — S. I. Blauman, A. S. C, lieutenant, promoted
captain. Frederick Gosschalk, second lieutenant, 4th East York-
shire; Montague Hart, second lieutenant, 7th Middlesex, promoted
lieutenant J. Mervyn Goldberg, lieutenant, 6th Welsh Regiment,
promoted captain. Abr. Lion, 5th London Regt, promoted second
lieutenant, 19th London Regt. J. Soulal, promoted second lieuten-
ant.— Cecil H. Samuel, lieutenant 12th Lancashire Fusiliers, pro-
moted captain. Simon Duparc, R. A. M. C, staff-sergeant (4th
Liond. Gen. Hosp.), promoted quartermaster with hpnorary rank of
lieutenant. Nat. H. Benjamin, promoted lieutenant, R. N. V. R. —
Promoted to second lieutenant: David J. Aron, H. A. C, gunner;
H. A. Goldschmidt; Sydney Meyer, A. S. C; Geoffrey G. Raphael;
£jdgar B. Samuel; Jacob (Jabez) Wolf; Sydney H. Bernstein.
Necrology on Account of Wab
September. Maxwell Solomon, detective, Bradford, wounded at
Marne. — 14. Roland L. Q. Henriques, lieutenant, London, aged 30.
— October. A. M. Samuels, second lieutenant, Royal Irish BMsiliers,
London. — 16. Cyril J. G. Joseph, second lieutenant, London. —
November. Alexi Gunzburg, baron, lieutenant and volunteer, aged
27. — 27. Frank Alexander de Pass, lieutenant, late Thirty-fourth
Prince Albert Victor's Own Poona Horse, aged 28. — December 19.
Cecil David Woodburn Bamberger, captain, Royal Engineers, aged
33. — February 22. Herbert N. Davis, lieutenant, Second London,
R. E., Cambridge, aged 23.— March. Cyril A. W. Crichton, lieu-
tenant, aged 22. — ^April. Ernest A. Meyer, major, 6th City of
London Rifles, at Neuve Chapelle, aged 41. — May 3. Alec H.
Hyams, lieutenant, 6th Battalion Royal Fusiliers, at Grafenstafel
(Flanders). — 4. E. Kahn, second lieutenant, 1st Leinster Regt.,
on Hill 60, aged 23. — 9. Leonard H. Stein, lieutenant, 13th Kens-
ington, at Flanders. — ^Arthur Chas. Hart, captain, second Batt.
Northumberland Fusiliers. — 17. George H. Cohen, lieutenant, 5th
Liverpool, near Bass6e, aged 37.
Digitized by
Google
286 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
JEWISH NATIONAL OKGANIZATIONS IN THE
UNITED STATES
An asterisk (•) indicates that complete information was not procurable
ALLIANCE ISRAELITE UNIVERSELLE
Org. May, 1860. Office : 150 Nassau, New Yorlt City
Branches: Maryland: Baltimore. — Massachusetts: Boston (2), Wor-
cester.— New Jersey : Hoboken, Jersey City. — New York : Elmira, New
York City. — Pennsylvania : Philadelphia.
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF THE JEWISH TERRITORIAL
ORGANIZATION
(ITO)
Org. ApL, 1906. Office: New York City
Executive Committee: Chairman, Cyrus L. Sulzberger, 516 West
End Av. ; Solomon Soils Cohen, Phlla., Pa. ; Daniel Guggenheim, Herman
Rosenthal, N. Y. C. ; Mayer Sulzberger, Phlla., Pa.
Branches : Maryland : Baltimore. — New York : New York City. — ^Penn-
sylvania : Philadelphia.
AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE
Org. Nov. 11, 1906; inc. Mch. 16, 1911. Office: 356 Second Av.,
New York City
For report, see pp. 356-393.
AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY
Org. 1892. Office : 88 Park Row, New York City
Twenty-third Annual Meeting, Feb. 21-22, 1915, New York City.
Members, 379.
Has issued twenty-two volumes of Publications and an Index to Publica-
tions 1-20. Maintains a collection of Books, Manuscripts, and Historical
Objects in its Room in the Building of the Jewish Theological Seminary,
531 W. 123d, N. Y. C.
Officers : Pres., Cyrus Adler, Phila., Pa. ; VIce-Pres., Simon W. Rosen-
dale, Albany, N. Y. ; David Phillpson, Cincinnati, O; Julian W. Mack,
Chicago, 111. ; Richard J. H. Gotthell ; Treas., N. Taylor Phillips ; Curator,
Hieon Hiihner ; Cor. Sec, Albert M. Friedenberg, 38 Park Row ; Rec Sec,
Samuel Oppenheim, N. Y. C.
Executive Council : The Officers, and Henry Cohen, Galveston, Tex. ;
Herbert Friedenwald, N. Y. C. ; I-*ee M. Friedman, Boston, Mass. ; Jacob H.
Digitized by
Google
ARBBITBR RING 287
Hollander, Baltimore, Md. ; Joseph Jacobs, Max J. Kohler, N. Y. C. ; L.
Napoleon Levy, N. Y. C. ; Max L. Margolis, Phila^ Pa. ; Alexander Marx.
N. T. C. ; A. S. W. Rosenbach, Mayer Sulzberger, Phlla,, Pa. ; Simon Wolf,
Washington, D. C. ; Oscar S. Straus, N. Y. C, ex-offlcio, as past President
of the Society.
AMERICAN JEWISH PRESS ASSOCIATION
Org. Jan. 25, 1914. Oppicb: 210 Olive, St. Louis, Mo.
Members, 24.
PuBPOSKS : To increase the influence and efficiency, enlarge the field
and scope, and foster the growth of Jewish Journalism in America; to
make Jewish publications more profitable, worthier, and better appreciated,
by co-operative effort and collective bargaining; to discourage the Indis-
criminate establishment or multiplication of Jewish journals, and encourage
them where need exists; to afford an organized medium of conference and
co-operation with other press, publishing, and newspaper advertising organi-
zations.
Ofpicebs : Pres., Joseph Jacobs, N. Y. C. ; Treas., Leo Wise. Cincinnati,
O. ; Sec, A. Rosenthal, St. I^uls, Mo.
Afpiliated Publications : California : San Francisco, Emanu- El, The
Hebrew, The Jewish Times. — Georgia : Atlanta, American Jewish Review. —
Illinois : Chicago, The American Israelite. B*nai B*rith News, The Jewish
Sentinel, The Reform Advocate. — Louisiana : New Orleans. Jewish Ledger.
— Maryland : Baltimore, The Jewish Comment. — Massachusetts. Boston,
The Jewish Advocate — ^Missourl : St. Louis, The Jewish Voice, The Modem
View. — New York: The American Hebrew, The Hebrew Standard, The
Maccabaean. — Ohio : Cincinnati, The American Israelite ; Cleveland, The
Jewish Independent, The Jewish Review and Observer. — Oregon : Port-
land, The .Jewish Tribune. — Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, The Jewish Elxpo-
nent ; Pittsburgh, The Jewish Criterion. — Tennessee : Memphis, The Jew-
ish Spectator. — Texas : Houston, The Texas Jewish Herald
ARBEITER RING
(THE WORKMEN'S CIRCLE)
Org. Sept. 4, 1900. Oppice : 175 B. Broadway, New York City
Fifteenth Annual Meeting, May 2-8, 1915, Chicago, 111.
Members, 47,817.
Branches, 546.
Oppicebs : Pres., S. Jonas ; Treas., I. Hlllman ; Sec, Frank F. Rosen-
blatt ; Asst. Sec, J. Baskin, 175 E. Bway., N. Y. C.
General Executive Committee : L. Bezahler, O. DInnerstein, H. Hinder,
M. MIntz, M. Ruderman, Mrs. E. Sokolsky, and M. Utovsky.
Branches : Alabama : Birmingham. — California : Los Angeles, Oakland,
San Diego, San Francisco. — Connecticut : Ansonia, Bridgeport, Danbury,
Hartford, Meriden, Middletown, New Britain, New Haven, New London,
Norwich, South Norwalk, Stamford, Wallingford, Waterbury. — Delaware:
Wilmington. — District of Columbia: Washington. — Florida: Jacksonville.
— Georgia : Atlanta, Macon, Savannah. — Illinois : Chicago, Englewood,
Maywood, Rock Island. — Indiana: Hammond, Indianapolis, South Bend. —
Iowa : Des Moines, Sioux City. — Kentucky : Louisville, Newport. — Louisi-
ana : Shreveport. — Maine : Auburn, I^ewlston, Portland. — Maryland :
Baltimore. — ^Michigan : Detroit, Grand Rapids. — Minnesota : Duluth, Min-
neapolis, St. Paul. — Missouri: Kansas City, St. Joseph, St. Louis. —
Nebraska : Lincoln, Omaha, South Omaha. — New Hampshire : Manchester.
Digitized by
Google
288 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
— New Jersey : Atlantic City, Bayonne, Camden, Carteret, Elizabeth,
Hoboken, Jersey City, Long Branch, Morristown, New Brunswick, Newark,
Norma, Passaic, Paterson, Perth Ambqy, Plainfield, Red Bank, Roselle,
Trenton, Union Hill, Vineland, West Hoboken, Woodbine. — New York :
Albany, Binghamton, Buffalo, Camlllus, Centerville Station, Ellenvllle,
Glens Palls, Gloversville, Greenport, Hudson, Kingston, Mount Vernon,
New Rochelle, New York City, Newburgh, Niagara Falls, Patchoeue, Port
Chester, Poughkeepsie, Rochester, Rockaway, Schenectady, S. Fallsber/?,
Staten Island, Syracuse, Tarrytown, Troy, Utica, Yonkers. — North Dakota :
Fargo. — Ohio : Canton, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Dayton, East
Liverpool, Toledo, Youngstown. — Oregon : Portland. — Pennsylvania : Allen-
town, Altoona, Carbondale, Easton, Erie, Harrisburg, Johnstown, Lancaster,
Monessen, New Kensington, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Reading, Scranton.
South Bethlehem, Wilkes-Barre. — Rhode Island : Centriil Falls, Providence,
Woonsocket. — Tennessee : Chattanooga, Memphis, Nashville. — Texas :
Dallas, Fort Worth, Galveston, San Antonio, Waco. — Utah : Salt Lake City.
— Virginia : Newport News, Norfolk, Portsmouth, Richmond. — Washington :
Seattle, Spokane. — West Virginia : Wheeling. — Wisconsin : Milwaukee,
Racine, Sheboygan. — Canada : Calgary, Hamilton, London, Montreal,
Ottawa, Toronto, Vancouver, Winnipeg.
BARON DE HIRSCH FUND
Org. Feb. 9, 1891 ; inc. 1891. Office : 80 Maiden Lane, New York City
Twenty-fourth Annual Meeting, Jan. 17, 1915, New York City.
The activities of the Fund fall under the following heads :
I. Baron db Hirsch Agricultural School, Woodbine, N. J., offer-
ing to Jewish young men a course in Agriculture.
II. Baron db Hirsch Trade School, 222 E. 64th, N. Y. C. : offering
instruction in day classes in the following trades: Machinist,
Plumbing, Electrical, House, Fresco and Sign Painting, Print-
ing, Sheet Metal Work, and Operating Engineering.
III. Woodbine Land and Improvement Company.
IV. English Education to Immigrants. Day and Evening Classes
and
V. Relief Work. Through subsidized societies in Maryland : Balti-
more.— ^Massachusetts : Boston. — New York : Brooklyn, New
York City. — Pennsylvania : Philadelphia.
Officers : Pres., Eugene S. Benjamin, 37 Liberty ; VIce-Pres., Jacob H.
Schlff ; Treas., Murry Guggenheim ; Hon. Sec, Max .T. Kohler, 52 William,
N. Y. C.
Trustees : The OflScers, and Charles L. Bernhelmer, Nathan Bijur,
Abram I. Elkus, Alfred Jaretzkl, S. G. Rosenbaum, N. Y. C. ; Simon P.
Rothschild. Bklyn., N. Y. ; Mayer Sulzberger, William B. Hackenburg, S. S.
Fleisher, Phila., Pa.
General Agent : H. L. Sabsovich ; Assistant General Agent : B. A.
Palitz.
CANTORS ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA
(SUCCESSOR TO SOCIETY OF AMERICAN CANTORS)
Org. June 1, 1908. Office : New York City
Fifth Annual Meeting, May 26, 1914, New York City.
Members, 250.
Officers : Pres., Solomon Baum ; Vice-Pres., Max Saltzberg, J. B. Gold-
man ; Sec, Isidore Frank, 327 Central Park West ; Treas., Ed. Kartschma-
ro«r, 1125 Lexington Av., N. Y. C.
Digitized by
Google
COUNCIL OP JEWISH WOMEN 289
DiBBCTOBs:' M. Arnoff, A. Frachtenberg, L. Lefkowitz, N. Lipitz,
Martin, N. Melzoff, H. Newmark, J. Schwartz, M. Wolfberg.
Branches : Chicago, New York City, Philadelphia, San Francisco.
CENTRAL CONFERENCE OP AMERICAN RABBIS
Org. July 9, 1889. Office : 10311 Lake Shore Boulevard, Cleveland, O.
Twenty-Sixth Annual Convention, June 29-July 6, 1915, Charlevoix, Mich.
Members, 207.
Has Issued twenty-two volumes of Its Year Book ; and besides the Union
Prayer Book ; the Union Hymnal ; the Union Haggadah ; Prayers for Pri-
vate Devotion, and various other publications.
Officers 1915-1916 : Hon. Pres., Kaufmann Kohler, Cincinnati, O. ;
Pres., William Rosenau, Baltimore, Md. ; Vice-Pres., Louis Grossman, Cin-
cinnati, O. ; Treas., Abram Simon. Washington, D. C. ; Rec. Sec, Max
Merritt, Evanston, 111. ; Cor. Sec, Isaac Landman, Philadelphia, Pa.
Executive Committee, 1915-1916 : G. Deutsch, Cincinnati, O. ; L. M.
Franklin, Detroit, Mich. ; Moses J. Gries, Cleveland, O. ; Max Heller, New
Orleans, La. ; J. Kornfeld, Columbus, O. ; Maurice Lefkovits, Duluth, Minn. ;
J. Leonard Levy, Pittsburgh, Pa. ; David Philipson, Cincinnati, O. ; Samuel
Schulman, N. Y. C. ; Joseph Stolz, Chicago, 111. ; Martin Zielonka, El Paso,
Tex.
COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN
Org. Sept., 189S. Office : 3437 Paseo, Kansas City, Mo.
Seventh Triennial Convention, Dec. 1914, New Orleans, La.
Sections. 61 ; Junior Auxiliaries, 16.
The work of the Council is conducted uuder the following Committees :
Religion, Religious Schools, Philanthropy, Junior Auxiliaries, Reciprocity,
Peace and Arbitration, Education. Purity of the Press, and a National
Denartment of Immigrant Aid with office in New York City.
The National body supports a Department of Immigrant Aid, and the
Sections engage in religious, philanthropic, and educational work.
Opficeks : Pres., Janet Simons Harris (Mrs. Nath.), 114 South Av.,
Bradford. Pa. ; First Vlce-Pres., Mrs. Eli Hertzberg, San Antonio, Texas ;
Second Vice-Pres., Rose Brenner, Brooklyn, N. Y. ; Treasurer, Jenny K.
Herz (Mrs. Leo H.). New Haven, Conn. ; Rec. Sec, Mrs. Harrv GUcksnifln.
Milwaukee, Wis. : Executive Secretary, Mrs. Ernestine B. Dreyfus, 3437
Paseo, Kansas City, Mo.
DiRECTOBS : (1911-1917) Mrs. S. M. Blumauer, Portland. Ore. ; Mrs.
Nathan Glauber, N. Y. C. ; Mrs. Otto Kempner, Brooklyn. N. Y. ; Mrs. Paul
Kessel, Kansas City, Mo. ; Mrs. Max Thalheimer, Syracuse, N. Y. (1914-
1920) Mrs. Richard D. Bakrow, Louisville, Ky. ; Mrs. D. E. Levy, Norfolk,
Va. ; Mrs. Max Margolis, Philadelphia, Pa. ; Mrs. Bernard E. Pollak, Cin-
cinnati, O. ; Mrs. A. Leo Weil, Pittsburgh. Pa.
Sections : Alabama : Birmingham. Mobile, Montgomery, Selma. — Ar-
kansas: Hot Springs. Little Rock. — California: Los Angeles, San Fran-
cisco.— Connecticut : Hartford, New Haven, Stamford. — Georgia : Atlanta.
— Indiana : Indianapolis, Lafayette, Terre Haute. — Kentucky : Louisville.
— Louisiana: New Orleans. — Maryland: Baltimore. — Massachusetts:
Worcester. — Minnesota: Minneapolis. St. Paul. — Mississippi; Hattiesburg.
— Missouri : Kansas City. — New Jersey : Newark. — New York : Albany,
Brooklvn, Elmlra, New York City, Rochester, Syracuse, Yonkers. — Ohio:
Cincinnati, Dayton, Marion. — Oklahoma : Oklahoma City. — Oregon : Port-
land.— Pennsylvania: Altoona, Bradford, Oil City, Philadelphia, Pitts-
burgh, WUkes-Barre. — Rhode Island : Providence. — South Carolina :
Digitized by
Google
290 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Charleston. — ^Tennessee : Chattanooga, Nashville. — Texas : Austin. Dallas,
Fort Worth, Galveston, Houston, San Antonio, Tyler, Waco. — Virginia:
Alexandria, Norfolk, Richmond. — Washington : Seattle. — West Virginia :
Charleston. — Wisconsin : Milwaukee. — Canada : Toronto.
Junior Auxiliaries : California : San Francisco. — Connecticut : Stam-
ford.— Indiana : Indianapolis, Lafayette, Terre Haute. — Iowa : Des Moines.
— Kentucky : Louisville. — Maryland : Baltimore. — Missouri : Kansas
City. — New York : Brooklyn. Elmlra. — Ohio : Cincinnati. — South Carolina :
Charleston. — Virginia : Norfolk, Richmond. — Canada : Toronto.
COUNCIL OF YOUNG MEN'S HEBREW AND KINDRED
ASSOCIATIONS
Org. Nov., 1913. Office : 356 Second Av., New York City
First Annual Convention, Nov. 8, 1914, New York City.
Purpose : To promote the religious, intellectual, physical, and social
well-being and development of Jewish young men and women, and to that
end to stimulate the organization, in the several States and Territories of the
United States and in the Dominion of Canada, of Young Men's Hebrew
Associations, to assist, advise, and encourage such associations when
formed ; to further the correlation of their activities and the mutual inter-
change of the advantages which they afford, and to co-operate with other
corporations or associations conducted under Jewish auspices.
Officers : Pres., Julian W. Mack. Chicago, 111. ; Treas., I. Lehman ; Sec,
Felix M. Warburg, 52 William, N. Y. C.
Board of Trustees : Cyrus Adler, Phila., Pa. ; Adolph Lewisohn,
N. Y. C. ; Julian W. Mack, Chicago, 111. ; Jacob H. Schiff, and Herbert N.
Straus, N. Y. C.
Board of Managers : I. W. Bernheim, Lousivllle, Ky. ; Alfred M. Cohen,
Cincinnati, O. ; David A. Ellis, Boston. Mass. ; Harry FIschel, Samuel
Greenbaum, N. Y. C. ; Isaac Hassler, Phila., Pa. ; Irving Lehman, N. Y. C. ;
Julian W. Mack, Chicago, 111. ; Louis Marshall, N. Y. C. ; Jacob Newman,
New Orleans, La. ; Max C. Sloss, San Francisco, Cal. ; Mrs. Israel Unterberg,
Felix M. Warburg, N. Y. C. ; A. Leo Well, Pittsburgh, Pa.
The Council is in communication with the following Young Men's
Hebrew Associations : Alabama : Birmingham. — Arkansas : Little Rock.
— California : San Francisco. — Colorado : Denver. — Connecticut : Bridge-
port, Derby and Ansonia, Hartford, Norwich, Stamford. — Delaware : Wil-
mington.— District of Columbia : Washington. — Florida : Jacksonville. —
Georgia: Atlanta. — Illinois: Chicago (2), Rock Island. — Indiana: Indian-
apolis.— Iowa : Des Moines. — Kentucky : Louisville. — Louisiana : New
Orleans. — Maine : Lewiston, Portland. — Maryland : Baltimore. — Massa-
chusetts : Attleboro, Boston (4), Brockton, Cambridge, Chelsea, Dor-
chester, Fall River, South Framingham, Haverhill, Lawrence, Lynn, Maiden,
New Bedford, Peabody, Revere, Salem, Somervllle, Taunton, Worcester. —
Michigan: Detroit. — Missouri: Kansas City (2), St. Louis (2). — Nebraska:
Lincoln. — New Hampshire : Manchester, Nashua, Portsmouth. — New
Jersey: Alliance, Asbury Park, Atlantic City (2), Bayonne, Bergen County,
Camden, Hudson City, Hudson County, Jersey City, Long Branch, Morris
County, Newark, New Brunswick, Passaic, Paterson, Perth Amboy, Plain-
field, Somervllle, Trenton. West Hoboken. — New York : Albany (2), Bayside.
Brooklyn (9), Buffalo (2), Bllenville, Gloversville, Hudson (2), Long
Island City, Mount Vernon, New Rochelle, New York (7), Rochester,
Schenectady. Staten Island, Syracuse. Troy, Utica, White Plains, Yonkers. —
North Carolina : Asheville, Wilmington. — Ohio : Cincinnati, Cleveland,
Columbus, Dayton, Toledo. — Pennsylvania : Allen town. Altoona, Butler,
Digitized by
Google
EASTERN COUNCIL OF REFORM RABBIS 291
Easton, Harrisburg, Latrobe, Mabanoy City, New Kensington, Oil City,
Olypbant, Pblladelpbia (2), Pittsburgh, Pottstown, Reading, Scranton,
Sharon, Shenandoah, South Bethlehem, Wilkes-Barre. — Rhode Island :
Newport, Providence, Woonsocket. — Tennessee : Chattanooga, Knoxvllle,
Memphis, Nashville. — Texas : Dallas, Fort Worth, San Antonio. — ^Virginia :
Norfolk, Portsmouth, Richmond, Roanoke. — West Virginia: Wheeling. —
Wisconsin : Milwaukee. — Canada : Calgary, Hamilton, Ont., Montreal,
Winnipeg.
Young Women's Hebrew Associations : Delaware : Wilmington. — -Dis-
trict of Columbia : Washington. — Maine : Portland. — Massachusetts : Attle-
boro, Cambridge, Chelsea, Dorchester, Pall River, Lawrence, Lynn, Maiden.
— New Jersey : Bayonne, Jersey City, Long Branch, New Brunswick, Pas-
saic, Paterson, Plainfleld. — New York : Long Island City. Mount Vernon,
New Rochelle, New York Clty.-^Ohio : Cincinnati. — Pennsylvania : Easton,
Mahanov City, Pittsburgh, Reading, Scranton, Shenandoah, South Bethle-
hem. Wilkes-Barre. — -Rhode Island : Newport, Providence. — Canada : Mon-
treal.
DROPSIE COLLEGE FOR HEBREW AND COGNATE
LEARNING
Inc. May 20, 1907. Broad and York, Philadelphia, Pa.
Officers : Pres., Cyrus Adler ; Vice-Pres., Mayer Sulzberger ; Treas.,
Oscar B. Teller ; Sec, Ephralm Lederer. Fhila., Pa.
Board of Governors : The Ofllcers, and Harry BYiedenwald, Baltimore,
Md. ; Louis Gerstley, William B. Hackenburg, Phlla., Pa. ; Louis Marshall,
N. Y. C. ; Simon Miller, Phlla., Pa. ; S. Schechter, N. Y. C. ; Horace Stern,
Fhila., Pa. ; Oscar S. Straus, N. Y. C. : Edwin Wolf. Phila., Pa.
Faculty: Pres., Cyrus Adler (M. A., Pennsylvania; Ph.D., Johns Hop-
kins) ; Professor in charge of the Biblical Department, Max L. Margolls
(M. A., Ph.D., Columbia) ; Professor In charge of the Rabbinical Depart-
ment, Henry Malter (Ph. D., Heidelberg) ; Instructor Department of
Cognate Languages, Jacob Hoschander (Ph. D., Marburg) ; Instructor
Historical Department, Abraham A. Neuman (M. A., Columbia; H. L. D..
Jewish Theolo^cal Seminary of America) ; Instructor Biblical Department
and Assistant Librarian, Joseph Relder (B. A., College of the City of New
York ; Ph. D., Dropsie College) ; Instructor Talmud and Arabic, B. Halper
(M. A., London; Ph.D., Dropsie College); Resident Lecturer in Jewish
Jurisprudence and Institutes of Government, Hon. Mayer Sulzberger
(LL. D., JefCerson; H. L. D., Jewish Theological Seminary of America).
EASTERN COUNCIL OF REFORM RABBIS
Org. Apl. 22, 1912. Office : 2 Duane, New York City
Seventh Semi-annual Assembly, Apl. 25-26, 1915, New York City.
Members, 46.
Purpose : To offer a reaffirmation of the members' faith In the per-
manent character and value to Israel and to the world of Liberal or
Reform Judaism.
Officers : Pres., Maurice H. Harris ; Vlce-Pres., Joseph Silverman ;
Treas., Isaac S. Moses ; Sec, Clifton H. Levy, 2 Duane, N. Y. C.
Executive Committee: Rudolph Grossman, Nathan Krass, N. Y. C. ;
David Levy, New Haven, Conn.: J. Leonard Levy, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Alexan-
der Lyons, F. de Sola Mendes, N. Y. C. ; Max Raisin, Bklyn,, N. Y. ; Charles
Rubenstein, Baltimore, Md.
11
Digitized by
Google
292 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
EDUCATIONAL LEAGUE FOR THE HIGHER EDUCATION
OF ORPHANS
Org. 1896. Office : Jewish Orphan Asylum, Cleveland, O.
Nineteenth Annual Meeting, July 4, 1915, Cleveland, O.
Members, 1474.
Officers : Pres., Martin A. Marks, Cleveland, O. ; Vlce-Pres., Emll
Nathan, Memphis, Tenn. ; Hon. Vlce-Pres., Nathan Cohn, Tenn. ; Harry
Cutler, R. I. ; Jacob Purth, Mo. ; Morris H. Plarshelm, Ky. ; Adolph Freund,
Mich. ; Milton R. Hart, III. ; Sol. S. Klser, Ind. ; Louis S. Levi, Southern
Ohio ; Max S. Schayer, Colo. ; Simon Wolf, District of Columbia ; Treas,,
S. Wolfensteln, Cleveland, O. ; Sec, Alfred Benesch, 312 Society for Savings
Bldg., Cleveland, O.
GovBBNOBS : Adolf Kraus, Pres. I. O. B. B. ; A. S. Seelenfrennd, Sec
I. O. B. B. ; and as ex-offlclo members of the Board, the officers and members
of the Executive Committee of the I. O. B. B. ; Myrtle W. Baer, Milwaukee,
Wis. ; Alfred A. Benesch, Cleveland, O. ; Herman Preiburger, Fort Wlayne,
Ind. ; Edna Goldsmith, Cleveland, O. ; Moses J. Grles, Cleveland, O. ; Grace
Grossman, Youngstown, O. ; Edgar A. Hahn, Cleveland, O. ; Mrs. Michael
Heller, Cleveland, O. ; D. Huebsch, Cleveland, O. ; Mrs. Sigmund Joseph.
Cleveland, O. ; Samuel J. Kornhauser, Cleveland, O. ; Fred Lazarus, Jr.,
Columbus, O. : Meyer Lovltch, Fort Wayne, Ind. ; Joseph A. Magnus, Cin-
cinnati, O. ; M. J. Mandelbaum, Cleveland, 0. ; Mrs. Jacob Ottenhelmer,
Cincinnati, O. ; A. Pesklnd, Cleveland, O. ; Anna C. Roth, Toledo, O. ; Albert
Rhelnheimer, Cleveland, O. ; Schonthal, Columbus, O. : B. A.
Schwarzenberg, Cleveland, O. ; Harry Simon, St. Louis, Mo. ; I. S. Stern,
Madison, Ind. ; David Sternberg, Memphis, Tenn. ; Eugene P. Westheimer,
St. Joseph, Mo.
The members are distributed as follows : Alabama : Mobile, Mont-
gomery.— Arkansas : Little Rock. — California : Los Angeles.— Colorado :
Denver. — Florida : Jacksonville. — Georgia : Atlanta. — Illinois : Champaign,
Chicago. Danville, Glencoe, Madison, Peoria. — Indiana: Fort Wayne, In-
dianapolis. KendallvlUe, Lebanon, Llgonler, Madison, Muncle, Terre Haute.
— Iowa : Albia, Carroll, Davenport, Des Moines, Lake City, Sioux Citv. —
Kentucky : Covington, ijoulsviUe, Newport. — Louisiana : Baton Rouge, New
Orleans. — Maryland : Baltimore. — Michigan : Calumet, Detroit, Houghton,
Jackson, Kalamazoo. — Minnesota : Duluth, Moorhead, Renville, St. Paul,
Winona. — Mississippi : Natchez. — Missouri : Joplin, Kansas City, Louisiana
City, St. Joseph, St. Louis, Webster Groves, Wmdom. — Nebraska : Beatrice,
Grand Island. Omaha. — New Jersey : East Orange, Newark. — New York :
Brooklyn, Buffalo, New Rochelle, New York City, Rochester. — North Caro-
lina : AshevUle. — North Dakota : Fargo. — Ohio : Akron. Cincinnati, Cleve-
land, Columbus, Elmwood Place, Fremont, Ottawa, Youngstown. — Pennsyl-
vania : Altoona, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh. — South Carolina : Sumter. —
Tennessee : Chattanooga, Knoxville, Mempnis. — Texas : Dallas, San Antonio.
— Washington : Spokane. — Wisconsin : Appleton, Milwaukee.
FEDERATION OF AMERICAN ZIONISTS
Org. 1897. Office: 44 E. 23d, New York City
Eighteenth Annual Convention. June 27-30, 1915, Boston, Mass.
Number of Shekel-payers, 20,000.
Societies 110 ; Camps of Order Sons of Zlon, 70 ; Gates of Order Knights
of Zlon, 29 ; Hadassah Chapters, 15.
The Federation issues leaflets, pamphlets, etc. Also the Maccabean,
a monthly. In English ; Dos Ylddishe Polk, a weekly, in Yiddish ; and the
Young Judean.
Digitized by
Google
FEDERATION OP JEWISH FARMERS 293
Officbbs : Pres., Harry Frledenwald, Baltimore, Md. ; Chairman of
Executive Committee, Louis Lipsky ; Treas., Louis Robison ; Hon. Sec,
Bernard A. Rosenblatt, N. Y. C.
ExECUTivB Committee: S. Abel, Charles A. Cowen, A. H. Fromenson,
A. Goldberg, Meyer Qoodfriend, Robert D. Kesselman, Leon Kohn, Jacob
Landsberg, Maurice Levine, Max Perlman, BenJ. Perlstein, David de Sola
Pool, B. G. Richards, Sylvan Robison, Alice L. Seligsberg.
Societies: Alabama: Birmingham. — California: Los Angeles (2), Oak-
land, San Francisco. — Connecticut: Hartford (2), New Haven (2), New
Liondon. — District of Columbia: Washington (2). — Georgia: Atlanta, Sa-
vannah.— Illinois: Chicago. — Kentucky : Louisville (2), Newport. — Louisi-
ana: New Orleans. — Maryland: Baltimore (5). — Massachusetts: Boston
(5), Cambridge, Chelsea, Dorchester, Bast Boston, Gardner, Haverhill,
Holyoke (2), Lawrence, Lynn, Newburyport, Springfield (2), Worcester (3).
— Michigan: Detroit (2). — Minnesota : St. Paul.--MIssis8lppi : Hattiesburg.
— Biissouri : Kansas City. — New Hampshire : Nashua, Portsmouth. — New
Jersey: Bayonne, Newark (4), Perth Amboy. — New York: Albany, Buffalo,
Brooklyn (2), New York (14), Rochester (3), Schenectady, Syracuse (2),
Troy, Utica. — Ohio: Cincinnati (2), Cleveland (6), Columbus, Dayton,
Youngstown. — Oklahoma : Oklahoma Citv. — Pennsylvania : Allentown,
Beaver Falls, Greensburg, Johnstown* Philadelphia (6), Pittsburgh (4),
Washington, Wilkes-Barre. — Rhode Island: Providence (2). — South Caro-
lina: Columbia. — ^Tennessee: Memphis (2), Nashville. — Texas: Austin,
Dallas, Fort Worth, Galveston, Houston (2), San Antonio, Terrell, Waco,
Wharton. — Virginia: Norfolk (2), Petersburg, Richmond, Roanoke. — Wash-
ington : Seattle.
FEDERATION OF JEWISH FARMERS OF AMERICA
Org. Jan. 20, 1909. Office : 189 Second Av.. New York City
Sixth Annual Convention, Nov. 29, 1914, New York City.
Members, 1178.
Societies, 63.
Pukpose : To advance the interests of Jewish farmers.
Officers : Pres., A. M. Kuntz, Iselin. N. J. ; Vice-Pres.. Sol. Grudin,
Hightstown. N. J. ; Sec, J. W. Pincus, 189 Second Av. ; Treas., P. Abelson,
200 Fifth Av., N. Y. C.
Executive Committee : J. H. Cohen, Woodbine, N. J. ; Chas. Fine, Attle-
boro, Mass. ; Harry Goldberg. Klamesha, N. Y. ; Chas. Levine. Rockville,
Conn. ; Julius Llchtman, Livingston Manor, N. Y. ; David Pollack, Sand-
brook, N. J. ; S. Shindler, Hurleyvllle, N. Y. ; Helfman I. Stern, Wlllimantic,
Conn. ; Nathan Weltman, Bllenville, N. Y. ; I. D. Wolf, Centerville Station,
N. Y.
Constituent Societies : Connecticut : Branford, Samuel Block ; Colches-
ter Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, H. B. Minsk, R. F. D. ; Connecticut Jewish
Farmers Assn., Sec, C. Levine. Rockville ; Cornwall Bridge Jewish Farmers
Assn., Sec, S. Osofsky, R. F. D. 8, Sharon ; Hartford Jewish Farmers
Assn., Sec. M. Becker ; Independent Hebrew Farmers Assn. of Chester-
field, Sec, N. Traistman ; The Jewish Farmers Assn. of Wlllimantic, Sec,
H. Stern, R. F. D. 1 ; Jewish Farmers Assn. of Fairfield County, Sec, H.
Belinkle ; Ladles Auxiliary of Branch No. 6, Sec, Esther L. Basker, R. F. D.,
Newton ; Lebanon Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, S. Levin, Box 23, Colchester ;
New Haven Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec. M. Strochansky, Bast Haven;
North Canton Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, Max Kavaler, Collinsville ;
Norwich. Sec, Beni. Goldfarb, B. F. D. 4; Raymond Hill Hebrew Farmers
Assn. : Storrs Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec. Solomon J. Sherman ; Tumer-
ville Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, J. H. Aronwlti, Hebron; Yantic. Sec,
H. Soloway, R. F; D. 1. — Indiana : Knox, Sec, J. Kurlansky. — Mmm-
Digitized by
Google
294 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
chusetts ; Becket Center, Sec., J. Rod ; Berkshire County Jewish Farmen
Assn., Sec, I. Rosner, West Otis; Bristol County Jewish Farmers Assn..
Sec., S. C. Kaufman, Attleboro ; Hebrew Farmers Assn. of Millis, Sec^
H. Rotman. — Nebraska : Cherry County Farmers Assn., Sec, J. Lieyin,
Martlndale. — New Jersey : Cape May County Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec,
J. H. Cohen, Woodbine ; Carmel County Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, Nathan
Lazerovitz, R. F. D. 7, Millville; First United Hebrew Farmers Assn. of
Hightstown, Sec, S. Grudin, Perrineville ; Flemington Jewish Farmers Cir-
cle, Sec, J. Janoif, Flemington ; Irvington. Sec, Marcus Levin, Union ;
Jamesburg, Sec, Jacob Hyman ; Jewish Farmers Assn. of Middlesex County.
Sec, A. M. Kuntz, Iselin ; Middlesex County Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec.
M. A. Halprin, R. F. D. 4, New Brunswick ; Norma and Alliance Farmers
Assn., Sec. S. D. Einstein, Norma ; Ferrineville Jewish Farmers Assn.,
Sec, M. Wolf; Pinebrook Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, Mrs. Henrietta K.
Waxberg; Rosenhayn Jewish Farmers Assn. — New York: Ellenyllle
Farmers Assn., Sec, Abr. Kobryner, Phillipsport ; F^eishmann's Station,
Sec, M. Dlasnow ; Hebrew Aid Society of Briggs Street, Sec. H. Simrin,
Greenfield ; Hebrew Benevolent Farmers Assn. of Rensselaer County, Sec,
A. Smith, Nassau ; Hebrew Farmers Assn. of CenterviUe, Sec, Max Pod-
beresky, CenterviUe Sta. ; Hebrew Farmers Assn. of Fallsburg, Sec, Charles
Volpin, South Fallsburg; Hebrew Farmers Assn. of Ferndale and Stevens-
viile. Sec, A. Tiger, Ferndale; Hebrew Farmers Assn. of Hurleyville, Sec,
S. Snindler, Hurleyville; Hudson Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, J. Goldstein;
Jewish Farmers Assn. of Eerhonkson and Accord, Sec, A. Kazazkof, Ker-
honkson ; Jewish Farmers Assn. of Manllus, Sec, M. Rothman, R. F. D. 3 ;
Livingston Manor Farmers Assn., Sec, J. Lichtman ; Maplewood Jewish
Farmers Assn., Sec, A. Rosenberg, Monticello; Mountaindale Jewish
Farmers Assn., Sec, N. Nesselowitz; New Lots Dairymen's Assn., Sec,
B. Z. M. Gordon, Bklyn ; Parksville Farmers Assn., Sec, A. Lipsky ; Ulster
Heights Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, S. Tenenbaum, R. F. D., Bllenville. —
North Dakota : Northwestern Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, A. Rudolph,
Austin ; Sulzberger Colonv of Jewish Farmers, Sec. Charles Silver, Box
443, Ashley. — Pennsylvania : Bucks County Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, J.
Kahan, Rushland ; Carversvllle Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec^ M. U. Bank,
Lumberville ; Eastern Pennsylvania Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, M. Mosko-
witz, Neshaminy ; Frenchtown and Uhlerstown. Sec. B. Zeitlin, Sundale. —
Texas: Ida Straus Jewish Farmers Assn., Sec, B. Baker, Splendora. —
Washington : Jewish Farmers Assn. of the State of Washington, Sec, B.
Alt, R. R. No 1, Lake Bay. — Wyoming : Jewish Farmers Assn., of Goshen
County, Sec, M. J. Wind, Allen. — Canada : Jewish Farmers Assn. of La
Macaza, Sec^ R. Belansman, Quebec; Jewish Farmers Assn. of Sunny, Al-
berta, Sec, S. UUman, Alsask.
FEDERATION OF ORIENTAL JEWS OP AMERICA
Org. 1912. Office : 356 Second A v., New York City
Third Annual Meeting, June 6, 1915, New York City.
Members, 1000.
Purpose : Americanization and betterment of condition of Oriental Jews.
Officbbs : Hon. Pres., Edward Valensi ; Pres., Joseph Gedalecia ; Vice-
Pres., Frank Penso, Ezra Bacola, Isaac Shalom ; Treas.. David Carasso ;
Sec, Albert J. Amateau.
Advisoby Board: Cyrus Adler, Phila., Pa., Sadie American, Joseph
Barondess, NIssim Behar, Ephralm Bengulat, Mrs. Victor Brenner, David
M. Bressler, Vltale Bengulat, Abram I. Elkus, Julian W. Mack, I^eon San-
ders, M. E. SehlnasI, S. SchlnasI, Max Senior, Nathan Straus, Leo Sulz-
berger, Henrietta Szold, Jacques Valensi, Stephen S. Wise, N. Y. C.
Societies: Alabama: Montgomery, Ez Achaim. — Georgia: Atlanta.
Ahavat Shalom. — New York : New York City, Aava Ve-Ahva Janina, AchI
Digitized by
Google
HADASSAH 295
Ezer Damascus, Agudath Achim of Rhods, Agudath Talmud Torah Miz-
rahl, Ahvat Ahalom Monastlr, Chalm Va-Chessed Gallipolim, Chesed Ve-
Emeth Castoria, Ez Achaim Society, Ezrat Achlm Society, Keneseth Israel
Janina, Keter Zion Angora, Mekor Chaim of Dardanelles, Oriental Aid
Society, Oriental Hebrew Association, Oriental Jewish Community of New
York, Oriental Jewish EMucation Society, Oriental Jewish Maccabai of
America, Oriental Jewish Social Club, Oriental Ozer Dalim, Oriental
Progressive Society, Rodfe Zedek of Aleppo, Seror Achaim Society, Shearith
Israel Miturkia, Society of Zionist Sepharedim, Tchorlou Society, Tikva
Tova ; Rochester, Or Israel Monastir.-— Oregon : Portland, Chesed Israel
Anshe Rhods. — Washington : Seattle, Anshe Rhods, Ahavat Shalom
Marmora.
FEDERATION OF ROUMANIAN JEWS OF AMERICA
Org. Mch. 8, 1908. Office : 182 Chrystie, New York City
Sixth Annual Convention, July 13, 1913, New York City.
Members, 40,000.
Branches, 50.
PuBPOSB : To aid Roumanian Jews here and in Roumania.
Officebs : Hon. Pres., P. A. Siegelstein, 220 B. 12th ; Pres., Charles I.
Fleck; Vice-Pres., Moritz Graubard, Max Rubinger, and Herman Speier ;
Treas., B. Carneol ; Sec, J. E. Braunstein, N. Y. C.
Trustees : L. Eckstein, L. NussinofC and Wm. Schrelber.
DiRBCJTOBS : H. Altbach, Mrs. S. Berkovitz, H. Bimbaum, H. Bookstaber,
I. Braunstein, L. Eckstein, P. Ferester, Mrs. M. Fichman, Zig. Fichman,
Chas. I. Fleck, M. B. Friedman, Mrs. C. Glassberg, M. Glassberg, I. M.
Glickman, C. Goldenthal, William Goodman. Harry Greenberg, Ph. Jaeger.
A. Kindler, R. Koerner, E. Koffler, Josepn Koffler, S. Kramer. Mrs. B.
Kramer, Max Marcus, M. Markowitz, B. Milberg, L. Nussinoff, J. Pocker,
Mrs. S. Rosenthal, N. Rosenzweig, Chas. Rubinger, Max Rubinger, A. Schaff-
ner, M. Schoenfeld, Sam Schwartz, Sigmund Schwartz, B. B. Siegelstein,
Leonard A. Snitkin, S. Solomonidi, H. Speier, B. Stein, N. Vladinger, J.
Weitzner.
Branches: Illinois: Chicago, Pres., J. Gartenstein, 12th and Ashland
Av. — Michigan: Detroit, Sec, Sam Weinberg, 210 Elizabeth. — Ohio:
Cleveland, Chairman, O. J. Kohn, 2348 B. 28th. — Pennsylvania: Pitts-
burgh, Sec, J. Greenfield, 1127 Centre Av.
HADASSAH
THE WOMEN'S ZIONIST ORGANIZATION
Org. 1912. Office: 44 B. 23d, New York City
Second Annual Convention, June 29, 1915, Boston, Mass.
Chapters, 15 ; Subchapters, 2.
Purpose : In America, to foster Jewish ideals and make Zionist propa-
ganda; in Palestine, to establish a system of District Visiting Nursing.
Affiliated with the Federation of American Zionists.
Centbal Committee: Sophia Berger, Mrs. Richard Gottheil, Rose A.
Herzog, Lotta Levensohn, Mrs. B. A. Rosenblatt, Alice L. Seligsberg,
Henrietta Szold, 528 W. 123d, N. Y. C.
Chapters : Illinois : Chicago. — Maryland : Baltimore. — Massachusetts :
Boston, Worcester. — Minnesota : St. Paul. — Missouri : Kansas City. — New
Jersey : Newark. Perth Amboy. — New York : New York City, Rochester. —
Ohio : Cleveland, Youngstown. — Pennsylvania : Philadelphia. — Rhode Is-
land : Providence. — Virginia : Norfolk-Portsmouth.
Subchapters : Florida : Jacksonville. — Pennsylvania : Erie.
Digitized by
Google
296 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
HAI RESH FRATERNITY
Org. July, 1907. Office : St Joseph, Mo.
Seventh Annual Conclave, Dec. 28-31, 1914, St. Joseph, Mo.
Members, 250.
Officers : Council Chief, Jerome Baer, St. Paul, Minn. ; Council Prophet.
Fred Heyn, Omaha. Nebr. ; Council Scribe Regent, Leonard M. Wise, 3425
St. Charles, New Orleans, La. ; Chairman of the Installation Committee,
Charles L. Strauss, St. Louis, Mo. ; Editor-in-Chief. Geo. Falk, Little Rock,
Ark. ; Fraternity Historian, Ira E. Westheimer, St. Joseph, Mo.
Chapters : Ilm Chapter, St. Joseph, Mo. ; Maj Chapter, Kansas City,
Mo. ; Sar Chapter, St. Louis, Mo. ; Hav Chapter, Lincoln, Nebr. ; Reno
Chapter, Denver, Colo. ; Gan Chapter, Milwaukee, Wis. ; Wen Chapter,
Memphis, Tenn. ; Ves Chapter, Omaha, Nebr. ; Jem Chapter, Fort Wayne,
Ind. ; Beb Chapter, Twin Cities, St. Paul and Minneapolis. Minn. : Fil
Chapter, Pueblo, Colo. ; VII Chapter, Louisville, Ky. ; Tae Chapter, Okla-
homa City, Okla. ; Nic Chapter, New Orleans, La. ; Epf Chapter, Little
Rock, Ark. ; Lam Chanter, Des Moines, la. ; Lesh Chapter, Atlanta, Ga. ;
Mur Chapter, Cleveland, O.
HEBREW SHELTERING AND IMMIGRANT AID SOCIETY
OF AMERICA
Office : 229-231 East Broadway, New York City
An amalgamation of the Hebrew Sheltering House Association organized
Nov., 1888, and the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society organized 1901.
Twenty-sixth Annual Convention, Mch. 14, 1915, New York City.
Members, 45,767.
Pdrposb: To facilitate the lawful entry of Jewish immigrants at the
various ports in the United States, to provide them with temporary as-
sistance, to prevent them from becoming public charges, to discourage their
settling in congested cities, to encourage them to follow agricultural pur*
suits, to prevent inellglbles from emigrating to the United States, to foster
American ideals, and to instill in them a knowledge of American history
and Institutions, and to make better known the advantages of desirable
immigration.
Officers : Hon. Pres., Nathan Hutkoff ; Pres., Leon Sanders, N. Y. C. ;
Vice-PreSy Isaac Heller, Boston, Mass. ; Leon Kamaiky, N. Y. C. ; Louis
Edward Levy, Philadelphia, Pa. ; Max Meyerson, Newark, N. J. ; Israel
Silbersteln, Baltimore, Md. ; Treas., Harry Fischel, N. Y. C. ; Hon. Sec,
John L. Bernstein ; General Manager, I. Irving Lipsltch, N. Y. C.
Advisory Board : Reuben Arkush, N. Y. C. ; Isaac W. Bernhelm, Louis-
ville, Ky. ; Louis D. Brandeis, Boston, Mass. ; Moses Fraley, St. Louis, Mo. ;
Max J. Kohler, N. Y. C. ; Adolf Kraus, Chicago, 111. ; Edward Lauterbach,
N. Y. C. ; Julian W. Mack, Chicago, 111. ; Louis Marshall, Jacob H. Schiff,
Isaac N. Sellgman, N. Y. C. ; Ben Selling, Portland, Ore. ; Lucius L. Solo-
mons, San Francisco, Cal. ; Oscar S. Straus, N. Y. C. ; Mayer Sulzberger,
Philadelphia, Pa. ; Rev. Dr. Stephen S. Wise, N. Y. C. ; Simon Wolf, Wash-
ington, D. C.
BOARD OF Directors : Morris Asofsky. Joseph Barondess, B. B. Berko-
witz, Herman Bernstein, John L. Bernstein, Henry G. Bralower, H. Bright-
man, Abel Cooper, Abram I. Elkus, Harry ITlschel, Moses Ginsburg, Isaac
Heller, Phillip Hersh, I. Hershfield, Nathan HutkofC, Ph. Jaches, Mrs. Leon
Kamaiky, Leon Kamaiky, H. Linetzky, Louis Edward Levy, Morris Maltz,
Joseph S. Marcus, H. Masliansky, Samuel Mason, Jacob Massel, Max Meyer-
son, M. H. Phillips, Nathan Koggen, A. Rosenblatt, Leon Sanders, E.
Sarasohn, Israel Shapiro, B. Shelvin, Israel Silbersteln, Nathan Weisbaum.
For Baltimore, Md.: Louis Cohen, Adolph Kres, M. £/. Selenkow.
For Boston, Mass.: M. Alman, Samuel Kabatchnik, Harris Poorvu.
For Philadelphia, Pa.: Jacob Ginsburg, Andrew Kaas. Howard S. Levy.
Digitized by
Google
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF B'NAI B'RITH 297
Affiliatbo Societies : Maryland : Baltimore, Hebrew Immigrant Aid
Society, 1212-1220 B. Baltimore. — Massachusetts: Boston. Hebrew Immi-
grant Aid Society, 104 Salem. — Pennsylvania: Philadelphia, Association
for the Protection of Jewish Immigrants, 275 S. 4th.
HEBREW UNION COLLEGE
(See p. 319.)
♦ HISTADRUT IBRIT
Org. Feb. 9, 1913. Office : 1004 Boston Road, New York City
PuBPOSB : The furtherance of Hebrew Culture.
Officebs : Treas., Hyman Starr ;
Affiliated Societies : Kansas : Kansas City, Ibria. — Minnesota : Min-
neapolis, Ibria. — New Jersey : Newark, Rishon L*Zion. — New York : New
York City, Chovveh Ibrith, Mephize Sphat Bber. Ibriah, B'noth Jerusalem,
Dr. Herzl Zion Club, The Jewish Philharmonic Society, The Halevy Sing-
ing Society, Saphruth Wo *Omanuth, The Bureau of Education, Oholl Shem,
The Jewish Culture Club, Toshia Dramatic Club, Achle Bber. — Ohio: Cin-
cinnati, Ibriah. — PennsylTania : Philadelphia, Chovveh Ibrith; Pittsburgh,
Mephize Sphat Eber.
INDEPENDENT HEBREWS OP AMERICA
Org. July 15, 1914. Office : 837 Washington, Boston, Mass.
First Annual Convention, Jan. 31, 1915, Boston, Mass.
Members, 3028.
Officers : Grand Master, Harry Cohen ; First Deputy Grand Master,
Joseph Leondar; Second Deputy Grand Master, Solomon Gotthardt; Third
Deputy Grand Master, Harry Zuckerman ; Grand Treas., Isaac Shapiro;
Grand Sec, Louis Davis, 837 Washington ; Grand Guide. Isaac Rosenneld ;
Grand Inner Watch, David Goldstein ; Grand Outer Watch, Max Berkowitz.
Executive Committee: Harry Gradetsky, Harry Leich, Louis Lemon,
Morris Lichtenstein, Wm. L. Pike, Nathan Rosenberg, Louis Wolensky.
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF B'NAI B'RITH
Org. Nov. 1, 1843. Office : 1228 Tribune Bldg., Chicago, 111.
Tenth Quinquennial Convention, May 2, 1915, San Francisco, Cal.
Members, 40,083.
Lodges, 442 (in North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa).
Districts, 11 (7 In the United States).
Institutions founded bv the Order in the United States: Hebrew Or-
phans* Home, Atlanta Ga. ; B'nai B'rith Cemetery, Chicago, 111. ; Free
Employment Bureau, Chicago, 111. ; Jewish Widows' and Orphans*
Home. New Orleans, La. : Touro Infirmary, New Orleans, La.; Home
FOR AoED AND INFIRM, Yonkers, N. Y. ; Cleveland Jewish Orphan
Asylum, Cleveland, O. ; B'nai B'rith Free Employment Bureau, Pitts-
burgh, Pa. ; Relief Committee, Hot Springs, Ark. ; B'nai B'rith Club,
San Francisco, Cal. ; Home for Jewish Orphans, Los Angeles, Cal. ; Im-
migrant Schools, at Kalamazoo, Mich., and Memphis. Tenn. ; Sabbath
Schools, at Houghton, Mich., Trenton, N. J., Sharon. Pa., and Madison,
Wis. ; B'NAI B'rith Orphanage, at Erie, Pa. ; Leo N. Levi Hospital, Hot
Springs, Ark.
Digitized by
Google
298 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Officbbs : Pres.. Adolf Kraus, Chicago, 111. ; First Vlce-Pres.. Luciu«
L. Solomons, San Francisco, Cal. ; Second Vice-Pres., Archibald A. Marx,
New Orleans, La. ; Treas., Jacob Furth, St. Louis, Mo. ; Sec, Alex. B. Seelen-
freund, Chicago, 111.
BxKCUTivB Committee : Simon Wolf, Washington, D. C. ; Charles Hart-
man, N. y. C. ; B. N. Calisch. Richmond. Va. ; PhillD Stein. Chicaso. 111. :
Berthold Timendorfer, Berlin, Germany ; Adolphe Stern. Bucharest. Rou-
mania; Adalbert Skall, Prague, Austria: J. Niego, Constantinople, Turkey.
Districts : I. Org. 1851. Lodges, 48. Territory : Connecticut, Maine.
Massachusetts, New Hanipshlre, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont.
Sec, Reginald Zunder, 1784 Broadway, N. Y. C.
II. Org. 1852. Lodges, 80. Territory : Colorado. Indiana. Kansas.
Kentucky, Missouri, New Orleans, and Ohio. Sec, Victor Abraham. 504
St. Paul Bldg., Cincinnati, O.
III. Org. 1860. lodges, 45. Territory t Delaware, New Jersey, Penn-
sylvania, and West Virginia. Sec, Louis Sulzbacher, 421 Mills Av., Brad-
dock, Pa.
IV. Org. 1863. Lodges, 24. Territory: Arizona, California, Idaho.
Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, and British
Columbia. Sec, I. J. Aschheim, 149 Eddy, San Francisco, Cal.
V. Org. 1867. Lodges. 20. Territory: Georgia, Maryland. Nortb
Carolina. South Carolina, Virginia, and District of Columbia. Sec, George
Solomon, 1516 Drayton, Savannah, Ga.
VI. Org. 1868. Lodges, 46. Territory: Illinois, Iowa, Michigan.
Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin. Manitoba.
Ontario, and Alberta, Quebec, Can. Sec, A. B. Seelenfreund, 1228 Trlbuae
Bldg., Chicago. III.
VII. Org. 1873. Lodges, 79. Territory : Alabama, Arkansas, Florida,
Louisiana. Mississippi, Tennessee, Texas, and Indian Territory. Sec, Nat.
Strauss, 1208 Phillips, New Orleans, La.
Lodges: Alabama: Bessemer, Birmingham (2). Blockton, Demopolis,
Eufaula, Gadsden, Huntsville. Mobile, Montgomery (2), Selma, Tuscaloosa,
Unlontown. — Arizona : Tucson. — Arkansas : Camden, Fort Smith, Helena.
Hot Springs, Little Rock, Pine Bluflf. — California : Bakersfleld, Berkeley.
Fresno. Los Angeles, Marysville, Oakland, Sacramento, San Bernardino,
San Diego, San Francisco (10), San Jose, Stockton. — C!olorado : Colorado
Springs, Denver. Pueblo, Trinidad. — Connecticut: Ansonia, Bridgeport (2),
Danbury, Hartford, New Britain, New Haven, New London, Stamford.
Waterbury. — Delaware: Wilmington (2). — District of Columbia : Washing-
ton.— Florida : Jacksonville. Pensacola, Tampa. — Georgia : Albany. Athens.
Atlanta, Augusta, Brunswick, Columbus, Macon. Rome, Savannah, Thomas-
vllle. — Idaho : Bois^ City. — Illinois : Bloomiugton, Champaign, Chicago
(3), Danville, Lincoln, Peoria, Springfield, Urbana. — Indiana: Bvansville,
Fort Wayne. Indianapolis, Lafayette, Ligonier, Madison, Terre Haute.
Vincennes, Wabash. — Iowa : Burlington, Council Bluffs, Davenport. Des
Moines, Keokuk, Sioux City. — Kansas : Kansas City, Leavenworth, Topeka.
— Kentucky : Lexington, Louisville, Owensboro, Paducah. — Louisiana :
Alexandria, Baton Rougo, Bayou Sara, Crowley, Donaldsonville, Lake
Charles, Monroe, Natchitoches, New Orleans (6), Opelousas, Shreveport. —
Massachusetts: Boston (2), Holyoke, PIttsfleld, Springfield, Worcester. —
Michigan : Bay City, Calumet, Detroit, Flint, Grand Rapids, Houghton.
Kalamazoo, Lansing, Saginaw. — Minnesota : Duluth, Minneapolis, St. Paul.
Virginia. — Mississippi : Canton, Clarksdale, Columbus, Greenville. Green-
wood, Hattlesburg, Jackson, Laurel, Meridian, Natchez, Port Gibson. Rolling
Fork, Summit, Vicksburg. — Missouri : Joplin, Kansas City, Louisiana, St.
Joseph, St. Louis (2), Sedalla, Springfield. — Montana: Butte, Helena. —
Nebraska: Lincoln. Omaha (2). — ^'evada : Reno. — New Jersey: Atlantic
City, Jersey City, Newark (3), New Brunswick, Paterson, Trenton. — New
Xork : Albany, Amsterdam, Brooklyn (3), Buffalo, Elmlra, New York City
(21), Plattsburg, Rochester. Rondout, Syracuse, Yonkers. — New Mexico:
Albuquerque, Las Vegas. — North Carolina : Ashevllle, Charlotte, Goldsboro,
Greensboro, Raleigh, Wilmington, Winston-Salem. — North Dakota : Fargo,
Digitized by
Google
INDEPENDENT ORDER BRITH ABRAHAM 299
Grand Forks. — Ohio : Akron, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Dayton,
Toledo, Youngstown, Zanesville. — Oklahoma : Ardmore, Muskogee, Okla-
homa City, Tulsa.— Oregon : Portland (2). — Pennsylvania: Allentown, Al-
toona, ^Braddock, Bradford, Butler, Corry, Danville, Duquesne, Easton, Eli-
wood, Erie, Harrisburg, Hazleton, Homestead, Kittanning, Lancaster,
McKeesport, Meadville, New Castle, Philadelphia (4), Pittsburgh (4),
Pottsville, Reading, Scranton, Sharon, Uniontown, Washington, WUkes-
Barre. — Rhode Island : Providence. — South Carolina : Charleston, Columbia,
Darlington, Sumter. — Tennessee : Brownsville, Chattanooga, Columbia, Jack-
son, Memphis, Nashville.— Texas : Austin, Beaumont, Bryan, Calvert, Cor-
sicana, Dallas (2), EI Paso, Fort Worth, Gainesville, Galveston, Houston
(3), Marshal], Palestine, San Antonio (2), Texarkana, Tyler, Victoria,
Waco. — Utah : Salt Lake City. — Virginia : Norfolk, Richmond. — Washing-
ton : Aberdeen, Bellingham, Everett, Seattle (2), Spokane, Tacoma. — West
Virginia : Clarksburg, Fairmont, Huntington, Morgantown, Wheeling. — Wis-
consin : Appleton, Eau Claire, Green Bay, Madison, Milwaukee (2), Racine,
Stevens Point, Wausau. — Canada : Vancouver, B. C, Victoria, B. C,
Calgary, Alta., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Fort William, Ontario, Edmonton,
Alta., Saskatoon, Alta., Montreal, Quebec.
♦INDEPENDENT ORDER BRITH ABRAHAM
Org. Feb. 7, 1887. Office : 37 7th, New York City
Twenty-ninth Annual Convention, June 6-8, 1915, Atlantic City, N. J.
Members, 192,000.
Lodges, 725.
Oi'f iCEJiS : Grand Mester, Umi Siii>tl('is, '220 Broadway ; First Deputy
Grand IVlastor, tiUHtnvp Hnrtmon. lN, W C. ; Hi^eoml Pcputy Granil Mamfcr,
l^zaru* Imvi>?, Boston, Miish. ; <irinjcl Bi^l\, M. L. llotlandrr, 37 7tb ; Grand
Tri=-flB., fiavld (ioSdlier'fit K. V. (.". ; Etirlowiiit'nt Trpas., Wolf Sprung; Counsel
to the Order, Adolph tStein,
LumjKs : Alabama: BlrmJtijjIiam. — C'olorado : Doti¥*jr (2)* — CouttfCtk'Ut :
Ansonla^ Hartford (3), M<*ridt*n, Now Haven iEi. Norwich, Torrington,
Waterbury. — Dflnvyarif: Wilmington. — Dblrict r>f ColuraWa J Washln^^tofi
(2>. — Georgia: Atlanta. — IlllDOla: Chicago (18). ^Indiana : Indiana Har-
hort Indiana polia.^Towa : Uavenpfjit. — Kt-titueky : LftuJHvllle. — -Malm*:
Portland (4K — Maryliind : Baltkiioi-o (OJ. — Massaclinspttfl : Attleboro,
Boston (»«). Brockton (2), Cambrldj^^i^ {2}. lheU<>4 (II), CiHIinjfviUe, Fall
River (liu Gloucester, UaTerhill (2>, Tlolyokp. Ijnwrtnra (3), Lynn (2),
Maldnn (21i, Melrose, New Ilfdrortl, N^jrth Adams. Nortbmnptoii, Qutocy,
^ulem {2), SotivcrvHIe, S^piMri^'flt^d i2), TwaDlon. Worrr'ster {3). — Minne-
sota: Minneapolis^ St. l*anl {2). — Missouri; Kausai^ City (2)» Rt. 4osp|iIk
SL I/o«l« (8)* — New Ilatupshtre: CoiuHird. Mtincheatrr {'2). — New Jersey;
Aabiiry Park* Bayonnc?, CZaroiet, Carteret, KIlKftbeth, Jeraey City (2j, l^ug
BraueJi, Morrlfttowti, Newark (7), Newbury port, Passaic (2), Fateraoo (2),
P<^rth Amboy, Uoselle, Itoaeiihayn^ Trenton, West Orangei Woodbine. —
New York : Albany (2), Aulntrn, Bath Beacti, Bhigbomlnn (2), Brooklyn
(29J, Buffalo, Corona, Eimlra. 01 en a Falts, tlloversville, Ktof^stoQ, Lon^;
Island City i*2), New Itrlj^bton, New Itocbelle, New York C^Ity (1G7^ New-
btirgb, I'ort Chester (2), Poui^hkeepBte, ItocheHter (2). Sag Harbor, Scbenec-
tudy, Syracuse (2), Troy (2), Utlea V2\, Yonkcra.— Ohio : CtnelonntI (3),
Cle¥eland (4), t^olunihns. — Oregon: Portland, — Penupylvania : Allentown
(£)i Braddock, ('oTinhnlhu'ki ti, Marrltihurg, IlomeRteadr Philadelphia (34h
plttBton. Pottstoun. IliJidinif. Siiranton 1 4). South B*^th!ehem, Wllkea-
Barre (2), York* — Khofh^ I^^larrd : Newport. ProvUlencc (9), Woonsocbet.™
Tenuesaee : Nashville.- — VlrglnJa : Newport -News, Norfolk, Portamoatli,—
Wisconsin: Milwaukee (3).
Digitized by
Google
300 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
INDEPENDENT ORDER BRITH SHOLOM
Org. Feb. 25, 1905. Office : 512 S. 5th, Philadelphia, Pa.
Eleventh Convention, May 30- June 1, 1915, Hartford, Conn.
Members, 49,860.
Lodges, 356.
Oppicees : rast Grand Master, Solomon C. Kraus ; Grand Master, Louis S.
Rubinsohn, Phila., Pa. ; First Deputy Grand Master, S. R. Schultz, N. Y. C. ;
Second Deputy Grand Master, A. S. Kanengieser, Newarlj, N. J. ; Third
I>eputy Grand Master, Louis M. Grant, Providence. R. I. ; Grand Sec.,
Martin O. Levy ; Assistant Sec, Adolph Rosenblum ; Grand Treas., I Rosen-
baum ; Endowment Treas., Harry Sacks ; Counsellor of the Order, Joseph
L. Kun, Phila., Pa.
Lodges : Alabama : Birmingham. — Colorado : Colorado Springs, Denver
(4). — Connecticut: Bridgeport, Derby, Hartford (4), Middletown, New
Britain, New Haven, New London (2), Wa ter bury .—Delaware : Wilmington.
— District of Columbia: Washington (3). — Georgia: Atlanta. — Illinois:
Chicago (8). — Kentuckv : Ix)ui8ville. — Louisiana: New Orleans (2). —
Maryland: Baltimore (13). — Missouri: St. Joseph, St Louis (4). — New
Jersey: Atlantic City. Bayonne (2), Brldgeton, Burlington, Camden, Car-
teret, Elizabeth (3), Hoboken (2), Jersey City (2), Newark (18), Norma.
Passaic (3), Paterson (2), Perth Amboy, Roselle, Trenton (2), Vineland,
Woodbine. — New York: Albany (2), Binghamton, Brooklyn (29), Buflfalo.
Elmira, Glens Falls, Gloversville, New York City (53), Port Chester, Roches-
ter, Sag Harbor, Schenectady, Syracuse (2), Troy, Utica. — ^North Carolina:
Charlotte, Durham. — Ohio: Akron, Canton, (jincinnati, Cleveland (2),
Columbus, East Liverpool, Youngstown. — Pennsylvania : Allentown, Al-
toona, Chester, Coatesville. Duryea, Easton, Greensburg, Harrisburg (2),
Hazleton, Johnstown, Mahanoy City, McKeesport, New Castle, Norristown,
Philadelphia (94), Philipsburg, Phoenixville, Pittsburgh (2), Pottstown,
Pottsville, Reading, Scranton (5), Shamokin, Shenandoah, South Bethlehem,
South Sharon, Weissport, West Chester, Wllkes-Barre (2). York. — Rhode
Island: Newport. Pawtucket, Providence (9), Woonsocket. — Utah: Salt
Lake City. — Virginia : Lynchburg, Newport News, Norfolk, Richmond. —
Wisconsin: Milwaukee (3).
INDEPENDENT ORDER FREE SONS OF ISRAEL
Org. Jan. 18, 1849. Office : 21 W. 124th, New York City
Ninth Quinquennial Convention, May 12, 1912, Rochester, N. Y.
Members (Jan. 1, 1915), 8255.
Lodges, 82.
Districts, 2.
Officers : Grand Master, M. S. Stern, 2013 Fifth Av. ; First Deputy
Grand Master, Isaac Baer; Second Deputy Grand Master, Henry Jacobs,
N. Y. C. ; Third Deputy Grand Master, Adolph Pike, Chicago, 111. ; Grand
Sec, Abraham Hafer, 21 W. 124th ; Grand Treas., Louis Prankenthaler ;
Counsel to the Order, M. B. Blumenthal, N. Y. C.
Executive Committee : Henry E. Stern, Albany, N. Y. ; Sol. Kahn-, I.
A. Loeb, I. S. Lurie, M. D. Rosenbach, M. A. Weinberg, Chicago, 111. ; M.
S. Meyerhoir, Phila., Pa. ; Benjamin Blumenthal, A. M. Krakowitz, Arnold
Gross, Bernard Hahn, J. I. Hartenstein, Louis Hess, J. A. Hirschman, Raph.
Levy, Henry Lipsky, Herman Stiefel, Emll Tausig, N. Y. C.
DiSTBiCTS : I. Territory : Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New
York, and Rhode Island. II. Territory: Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota,
Missouri, and Wisconsin.
Lodges : California : San Francisco. — Connecticut : Hartford, New
Haven. — Georgia: Atlanta. — Illinois: Chicago (10).— Kansas: Leaven-
Digitized by
Google
INDEPENDENT ORDER SONS OF ISRAEL 301
worth. — Kentucky : Louisyille. — Louisiana : New Orleans. — Massachusetts :
Boston (2). — Michigan: Detroit. — Mississippi: VIcksburg. — Missouri: St.
Louis. — New Jersey: Newark (2). — New York: Albany. Amsterdam, Brook-
lyn (4), Buffalo, New York City (37), Rochester, Rondout, Syracuse, Troy.
— Ohio: Cincinnati (2), Cleveland. — Pennsylvania: Philadelphia (2),
Pittsburgh. — Rhode Island : Providence, — Tennessee : Memphis, Nashville.
— Virginia : Norfolk. — Wisconsin : Milwaukee.
INDEPENDENT ORDER FREE SONS OF JUDAH
Org. Feb. 12, 1890. Okpicb : 78 Second Av., New York City
Twenty-flfth Annual Convention, May 2, 1915, New York City.
Members. 23,500.
Lodges, 200.
Officebs: Grand Master, Sam Goldstein, 182 B. 72d, N. Y. C. ; First
Deputy Grand Master, Max Gottsegen, N. Y. C. ; Second Deputy Grand
Master, Jos. M. Stelnltz, Braddock, Pa. ; Grand Sec, Sigmund Fodor, 78
Second Av. ; Grand Treas., S. Heyman ; Endowment Treas., Louis Dlnt-
enfass, N. Y. C.
INDEPENDENT ORDER SONS OF BENJAMIN
Org. Dec. 23, 1877. Office : 953 Third Av., New York City
Twenty-fourth Annual Convention, Jan. 24, 1915, New York Cltv.
Members, 742. Underwritten by Metropolitan I^ife Insurance Company.
Ijodges, 18.
Officers : Grand Master, Julius Gumpert ; First Deputy Grand Master,
Joseph Marmorstein, N. Y. C. ; Second Deputy Grand Master, Jacob Hyman,
Boston, Mass. ; Grand Sec, Louis B. Franklin ; Grand Treas., Theodore
Katz, N. Y. C. ; Chairman on Finance, Adolph Salomon, Bklyn., N. Y. ;
Chairman on Mortuary Fund, J. K. Rose; Chairman on Appeals, Leopold
Fuchs ; Counsel to the Order, M. Angelo Ellas, N. Y. C.
Lodges: Connecticut (1) ; Illinois (3) ; Massachusetts (1) ; New York
(20) ; Ohio (2) ; Pennsylvania (2).
♦ INDEPENDENT ORDER SONS OF ISRAEL
Org. May 29, 1913. Office : 15 Court Sq., Boston, Mass.
Second Annual Convention, June 20, 1915
Members, 4000.
Lodges, 40
Pdrposb: Fraternity and Disability Benefits.
Officers : Grand Master, Henry H. Levenson, Boston. Mass. ; First
Deputy Grand Master, Hyman J. Danzig, Roxbury, Mass. ; Second Deputy
Grand Master, L. Goldstein ; Third Deputy Grand Master, H. Lipple ;
Fourth Deputy Grand Master, Hyman Orenberg; Fifth Deputy Grand
Master, Abr. Stahl ; Grand Treas., Joseph Klrsnon ; Grand Sec, Robt.
Silverman, Boston, Mass.
Directobs : I. H. Fox, Nathan Rosenberg, Nathan Sternscher, Ph. Swartz,
Henry Tocman, M. Trock.
Digitized by
Google
302 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
INDEPENDENT ORDER OF TRUE SISTERS
(UNABHANGIGER ORDBN TREUB SCHWESTERN)
Org. Apl. 21, 1846. Ofpicb : 238 W. 131st, New York City
One hundred and twenty-fourth Semi-Annual, or 65th Annual, Session of
the Grand Lodge, May 25, 1915, New Yorls City.
Members, 5346.
Lodges, 21.
Publishes a monthly. Ordens Echo. Editor, Bianca B. Robitscher.
Oppicers (for May, 1915, to May, 1916) : Grand Monitress, Mrs. Hulda
Lissner ; Grand Pres., Mrs. Flora H. Fischlowitz ; Grand Vice-Pres., Emma
Schlesinger; Grand Sec, Mrs. Bianca B. Robitscher; Grand Treas.. Mrs.
Rosalie A. Eisner ; Grand Mentor, Leopoldlne Schwarzlcopf ; Grand Warden,
Fanny M. Marx.
Lodges: Connecticut: New Haven. — Illinois: Chicago (2). — Massa-
chusetts : Boston. — Missouri : St. Louis. — New Jersey : Newark. — New
York,: Albany, Brooklyn (2), New York City (8).— Ohio: Cincinnati.—
Pennsylvania : Philadelphia. — Tennessee : Memphis.
INDEPENDENT WESTERN STAR ORDER
Org. Feb. 13, 1894. Office : 1127 Blue Island Av., Chicago, 111.
Third Biennial Convention, Aug. 9-12, 1914, Detroit, Mich.
Members (.Ian. 1, 1915), 20,821.
Lodges, 171.
Officebs : Grand Master, N. T. Brenner, 21st and Sangamon, Chicago,
HI. ; Vice-Grand Masters : Max Levy, Cincinnati, O. ; Leo Wolfson, N. Y. C. ;
G. Roth, St. Louis, Mo. ; S. Nosovitzky, Detroit, Mich. ; M. Sack, Phila.. Pa. ;
First Deputy Grand Master, S. Cohen, Toledo, O. ; Second Deputy Grand
Master, D. Steiner, Youngstown, O. ; Third Deputy Grand Master, M. Rosen-
bloom, Pittsburgh, Pa. ; Grand Sec, I. Shapiro, 1127 Blue Island Av. ;
Grand Endowment Treas., II. Waiss ; Grand General Fund Treas., D. Arkin :
Grand Counsellor, Wm. A. Jonesi, Chicago, 111.
Lodges: California: Los Angeles (3). — Connecticut: Stamford. — Illi-
nois: Chicago (30), Chicago Heights, Decatur, Joliet, Peoria (2), South
Chicago (2), Springfield, Waukegan. — Indiana: East Chicago, Evansville,
Gary, Hammond, Indianapolis, South Bend. — Kansas : Wichita. — Ken-
tucky : Louisville. — Maryland: Baltimore (3). — Michigan: Benton Harbor,
Detroit (2), Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo. — Minnesota: St Paul (2). —
Missouri: St. Louis (5). — Nebraska: Lincoln. — New Jersey : Newark (3),
Paterson (3). — New York: Brooklyn (5), New York City (34), Pough-
keepsie, Syracuse, Troy. — Ohio : Bellaire, Canton, Cincinnati, Cleveland (2),
Columbus, Dayton, Steubenville. Toledo, Youngstown. — Pennsylvania : Allen-
town, Altoona, Bradford. Hazleton, Johnstown, McKeesport, Philadelphia
(18). Pittsburgh (3), Scranton (3), Sharon, Turtle Creek, Union town. —
Rhode Island: Providence (4). — Virginia: Norfolk, Portsmouth. — Wis-
consin: Kenosha, Milwaukee (3), Oshkosh, Sheboygan. — Canada: Calgary,
Alta.
INDUSTRIAL REMOVAL OFFICE
Org. 1900. Office : 174 Second Av., New York City
Fourteenth Annual Meeting, Jan. 14, 1915, New York City.
Officers and Board of Directors : Chairman, Reuben Arkush ; Vice-
Chairman, Alfred Jaretzki ; Sec, Nathan Bijur ; Eugene S. Benjamin,
N. Y. C. ; Jacob Furth, St. Louis, Mo. ; Max Senior, Cincinnati, O. ; Lucius
L. Solomons, San Francisco, C'al. ; Cyrus Ij. Sulzberger, N. Y. C.
General Manager: David M. Bressler.
Digitized by
Google
INTERCOLLEGIATE MENORAH ASSOCIATION 303
Agencibs : Alabama ; BeBBcm^^r, Blrmtuj^bani, DemopoliH, Mobile, MoDit-
cpraevy, BgIixiu.— ArlKuiiu : Thociilx, Trescott, Tucsoii.— Arkflusas : Ftirtut
City, Fort Smith, Hot SprlngB, Uttk Koels, line Blulf, Teiarkana.— -
CflUrornia : Los AnK^loi?, Oahlatid, Sacra men tu, Sjiii BtmnrtUnut San Dkgti,
San Francisco, Stockton- — I'oloi'fldo ; EonJder t.'alorado Spring, Cripple
Creefe. X>fnvcn <Jroeleyp Ptioblo, Rocky Ford, Sallda. Trliildfid.— Connecticut :
Brldg:cpoFt, Hartford, New BrltaiD, New Haven, — Delaware: Wihtiin(jti>n*
rjfstrlct of Coltinibia : Wa sh J nj^ton.— Florida : Jaiiksonville, Ki y Wi dt.
Fen aa col a, Tampa^ Ybor CI tj. — Georgia : Atlanta, Aitjntatn. Bninawickt
Colnmbus, Macon. SaviinntJh-—Tdat>o: Bolsfi City.— IUIdoIs : Aurora, Belli*^
vilie, DIoomJngton, Cairo, Cbamnalgn, Chicago, Danville, Dijcutur, ElglQ,
Mount Vftmotj* rcorSa, Qulncy. Rnck Island, Roekford, Sprin«flpld, Strea-
tor, Wauki^gan. — Iiidlana ■ And*!r«on, KluiTton, Evanaviile, Fort Wayne,
Gary, Indianapolis, Lafayette, Logansport, Muncle, Richmond, South Bend,
Terre Haute. — Iowa: Burllngrton, Cedar Rapids, Centi^rvllle, Council
BlufTa. Tmvenport, E>es Moioea. Dubuque, Keokulc, Mason City, Muacatlae.
Oakalooaa, Ottumwa, Sioux City. Waterloo. — Kanaaa : Fort Scott, Law-
rence, Ix>fiVGnwortb. Pittsburg, Topeka, Wlchltft.^ — Ki'titucky : Asblaud,
Loulsvillt', Caducab, — LfjuUlana r Alexandria, Daton Rouge, Lake Cbarlea,
Motiroe, New Orieana, Sbrevt-jtort. — Maine : Portland.— Ma ryl a ad : Baltl-
more. — Maa^acbuEjettiJ : Boston^ Fall Elver, Worcester. — Mlcblgan : Bay
City, lM*trolt. Flint, Grand Ranlde, Iron Motmtalti, Jackaoti, Kalatnascoo,
Jja using. — Minnesota ; Dulutb, MlDueapoIlB, St. Paul, Virginia, Winona. —
MisfitiflMppI ; Meridian, Natehe?., VIcksburg* — Mlaaouri : Carrol I ton, Han-
nibal, JopUii. Kansas City, Lexington, Springfield^ St. Joseph, St, Louis. — -
Hontanii : Butte, Heleita. — Nebraska ; Grand Islatsd, HiisimirB, Llncolo*
Umaha.^New Jersey : Cafmel, Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark, Pateraon,
Wood bine.^^ New York : Albany, Eu|falo« Kimira, Oj^'deoftburg. Rocbester,
Sy'riicUfte. — North t'aroilna : fharlottG, Greensboro, Raleigh, Wilmington. — ^
iVortb Dakota; Fn^rgo, Grand Forks. — Ohio: Akron, Alliance, Ashland, Ash-
tabuia, Bellalre, Biicyrua, Canton, Cincinnati, Cleyeland, Columljusi, Con-
neaut, Dayton, Kaat Liverpool, Elyria, Fremont, liallon,, Hamilton, Lima,
Lorain, Manslkdd, Marietta, Marlon, Newark, Portamouth, Sandusky, Spring-
held, Toledo, Youngatowu, ZaueHvill*', — Oklahoma : Oklahoma City, — -Ore-
goti : I^ortianiJ. — Pennsylvania: Alli^ntown, Altoona, Braddock, Erie, Har-
rlsburg, Lancnster, Philadelphia, PlttHburgh, l*ottatown, Reading, l^'icranton,
Warren, Wilkes Hiirre, Wllflamsport.^ — Rhode Island: Providence. — South
Carolina: Charleston, t'olumliia. — ^outh Dakota: Sioux Fallis.' — Tennessee:
Cbnttanooisa, KtioJtvllle, Mempfdri, Nashville.- Texas t AusHu, Beaumont,
Dallas, El Paso, Fort Worth, Galveston, Monaton. San Antonio, Tyler, Waco.
—Utah : i^alt Lftke City. — ^Virtrlnla : Lynch ImrK, Ni^wport News, Norfolk,
Portsmouth, Rlchuiond. — Washington : Seattle, Spokane, Tacoma. — West
Virginia: Charleston, Huntington- Farkerrtburg, Wlieellng.— Wiaconaln :
Beldit, Janei^ville. La Crosse, Madison, Milwaukee, Ilaclne, Sheboygan,
Siiiierior,^-W7oralag : Cbeyenoe,
INTERCOLLEGIATE MENORAH ASSOCIATION
Org. Jan. 2, 1913. Office : Ann Arbor, Mich.
Third Annual Convention, Dec. 23-24, 1914, Cincinnati, O.
Members, 3000.
Societies, 35.
Purpose : The study and advancement of Jewish culture and ideals
among college men and women.
Officers : Chancellor, Henrv Ilurwitz, 600 Madison Av., N. Y. C. ; Pres.,
I. Leo Sharfman, Ann Arbor, Mich. ; Vice-PreSy Isadore Levin, Cambridge,
Mass. ; Treas., N. Morals Lyon ; Sec, Chas. K. Feinberg, New York Uni-
versity, N. Y. C.
Administrative Council : The Officers, and Moses Barron, Ismar Baruch,
Morris Baskin, Jacob Butcher, Sidney Casner, Millard Eiseman, J. L. Ell-
Digitized by
Google
304 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
man, H. J. Bttlinger, Abr. J. Feldman, Sarah R. Friedman, Louis B. Gittle-
man, M. D. Hoffman, Maurice Horbit, Reuben Horchow, G. H. Horowitz,
H. M. Kallen, Lewis H. Kriger, Samuel Lesser, Jacob Levin, A. Jerome
T^evy, David Levy, Ph. Marzynsici, J. K. Miller, L. I. Newman, Jacques
Rieur, Anna Rogovin, Leon J. Rosenthal, Roy Rosenthal, Benj. Roth, Jacob
Rubinoff, Milton D. Sapiro, Jacob P. Shrago, Max Smelenslcy, Florence
Turner.
Societies : California : Berkeley, California Menorah Society. — Colorado :
Boulder, University of Colorado Menorah Society; Denver, University of
Denver Menorah Society. — Connecticut : New Haven, Yale Menorah Sodety.
— Illinois : Champaign, University of Illinois Menorah Society ; Chicago,
Northwestern University Menorah Society, University of Chicago Menorah
Society. — Maryland : Baltimore, Johns Hoplcins Menorah Society. — Massa-
chusetts : Boston, Boston University Menorah Society ; Cambridge, Harvard
Menorah Society ; Tufts College, Tufts Menorah Society ; Worcester, Clark
University Menorah Socletv. — ^Michigan : Ann Arbor, University of Michi-
gan Menorah Society. — Minnesota : Minneapolis, University of Minne-
sota Menorah Society. — Missouri : Columbia, University of Missouri
Menorah Society. — New York: Ithaca, Cornell Menorah Society; New
York City, Columbia Menorah Society ; Menorah Society of City Col-
lege of New York ; New York University Menorah Society ; Normal
College Menorah Society ; Syracuse, Syracuse University Menorah So-
ciety.— New Jersey : New Brunswick, Rutgers Menorah Society. — North
Carolina: Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Menorah Soci-
ety.— Ohio : Cleveland, Western Reserve Menorah Society : Columbus, Ohio
State Menorah Society. — Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, University of Penn-
sylvania Menorah Society ; Pittsburgh, University of Pittsbu^h Menorah
Society : State College, Pennsylvania State Menorah Society. — Texas : Aus-
tin, Ijniversity of Texas Menorah Society. — Wisconsin : Madison, Univer-
sity of Wisconsin Menorah Society.
JEWISH AGRICULTURAL AND COLONIAL ASSOCIATION
Org. Jan. 16, 1910. Office : Clarion, via Gunnison, Utah
Members, 200.
Branches, 2.
Pdbpose : Settling on farms and mutual aid.
Officebs : Pres., B. Brown ; Vice-Pres., S. Grlshkan ; Sec, B. Horowitz,
Clarion, via Gunnison, Utah.
Branches : Br. ** A." 828 Snyder Av., Phila., Pa., Br. Sec, M. Kos-
lowsky ; Br. " B," 350 Beekman Av., N. Y. C, Br. Sec, Ch. Lerman.
JEWISH AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL AID SOCIETY
Org. Jan. 23, 1900. Office : 174 Second Av., New York City
Fifteenth Annual Meeting, Feb. 2. 1916, New York City.
Purpose : The encouragement of farming among Jewish immigrants in
the United States.
Activities : Maintains agricultural bureau of information and advice ;
assists Jewish immigrants to become farmers by helping them to find
suitable farms and by loans on favorable terms ; loans money to Jewish
farmers who require financial assistance ; maintains Farm Labor Bureau
for the placing out of Jewish young men as farm laborers.
Publishes the Jewish Farmer, a monthly agricultural paper, in Yid-
dish ; maintains itinerant agricultural instructors to lecture to farmers
on agricultural topics, conduct demonstrations on their own farms, and
organize the farmers into associations for their material, educational, social.
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH CHAUTAUQUA SOCIETY 305
and religious advancement; grants free scholarships at agricultural col-
leges to children of Jewish farmers.
Work Done since Organization : Farm loans, 3318, to 2876 farmers,
amounting to $1,910,227.68 ; organized 18 credit unions, the first and so
far the only co-operative agricultural credit banks on American soil ; was
instrumental in tne organization of the Federation of Jewish Farmers of
America with 63 constituent farmers' associations and a total member-
ship of about 1500 ; assisted in organizing a Co-operative Fire Insurance
Company and other co-operative enterprises among Jewish farmers.
WOBK IN 1914 : Farm loans, 327, to 380 farmers, amounting to $170,-
811.92; farm loans outstanding (Dec. 31, 1914). $978,196.62; loans to
credit unions, 18, amounting to $18,000 ; farm labor positions secured,
1104 ; scholarships granted, 6.
Officebs : Pres., Alfred Jaretzki ; Vice-Pres., Percy S. Straus ; Treas.,
Solomon G. Rosenbaum ; Sec., C^rus L. Sulzberger, N. Y. C.
Directors : The Officers, and Eugene S. Benjamin and Francis D. Pol-
lak N. Y. C.
dsNERAL ' Manager : Leonard G. Robinson ; Asst. Manager : Gabriel
Davidson.
JEWISH AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Org. Mch. 20, 1910. Office: 356 Second Av., New York City
Officers : Pres^ Julius Rosenwald, Chicago, III. ; Vice-Pres., Louis
Marshall: Treas., Samson Lachman ; Hon. Sec, Henrietta Szold, 528 W.
123d, N. Y. C.
Directors : Cyrus Adler, Samuel S. Fels, Phila., Pa. ; Samson Lachman.
N. Y. C. ; Julian W. Mack, Chicago, 111. ; Louis Marshall, N. Y, C. ; Milton
J. Rosenau, Boston, Mass. ; Julius Rosenwald, Chicago, III. ; Nathan Straus,
N. Y. C.
Managing Director: Aaron Aaronsohn, Haifa, Palestine.
♦JEWISH AGRICULTURISTS' AID SOCIETY OF AMERICA
Org. Oct. 28, 1888; inc. Jan. 24, 1900. Office: 507 S. Marshfleld Av.,
Chicago, 111.
Acts as Advisory Board to Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid
Society.
Officers : Pres., Morris Weil ; Vice-Pres., Maurice W. Kozminsk! :
Treas., Edward Rose ; Sec, Hugo Pam, The Rookery ; Cor. Sec, A. R.
Levy, 213 E. 48th, Chicago. 111.
Directors : Israel Cowen, Emil G. Hlrsch, Jacob I^ Kesner, Maurice
W. Kozminskl, A. R. Levy, Leo A. Loeb, Hugo Pam, David M. Pfaelzer,
J. Rappaport, Edward Rose, .Julius Rosenwald, Emanuel F. Selz, Leo
Straus, Simeon Straus, Morris Weil, Chicago. 111.
General Manager : Nathan D. Kaplan, 1105 Ashland BIk., Chicago, III.
JEWISH CHAUTAUQUA SOCIETY
Org. Apl. 29, 1893. Office : 604 Penn Mutual Bldg., 925 Chestnut,
Philadelphia, Pa.
Twenty-second Annual Assembly, Dec. 25-31, 1914, Rochester, N. Y.
Members, 3000.
Officers : Chancellor, Henry Berkowitz, 1823 N. 33d, Phila.,Pa. ; Vice-
Chancellor, Wm. Rosenau, Baltimore, Md. ; Pres., Abraham I. Elkus,
N. Y. C. ; Vice-Pres.. Oscar Loeb ; Treas., Emil Selig, Phiia., Pa. ; Sec.
Jeannette Miriam Goldberg, Jefferson, Tex.
Digitized by
Google
306 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
BoABD or Tbdstebs : Mortimer Adler, Rochester, N. Y. ; Corlnne B.
Arnold, Phlla., Pa. ; Israel Cowen, Chicago, 111. ; Wm. Fineschrelber, Mem-
phis, Tenn. ; Arthur A. Pleisher, Walter Fox, Philay Pa. ; Lee K. Frankel,
N. Y. C. ; Perry Frankel, Phlla^ Pa. ; Jacob Gimbel, Jacob Goldbaum, Phila.,
Pa. ; Julius M. Goldenberg, Baltimore, Md. ; Mrs. Charles Heidelberger,
Phila., Pa. ; Frederick Lazarus, Columbus, O. ; Mrs. Max L. Margolis, Phila.,
Pa. ; Emil Mayer, St. Louis, Mo. ; Martin A. Meyer, San Francisco, Cal. ;
Tobifis Schanfarber, Chicago, 111. ; Jacob H. Schiff, N. Y. C. ; Abram Simon,
Washington, D. C. ; Horace Stern, Phila., Pa.
Correspondence School Faculty : Wm. Rosenau, Dean, Baltimore,
Md. ; Henry Berkowltz, Phila., Pa. ; Edward N. Calisch, Richmond, Va. ;
Sidney Goldstein, N. Y. C. j Julius H. Greenstone, Ella Jacobs, Isaac Land-
man, Phila., Pa. ; Eugene H. Lehman, N. Y. C. ; Martin A. Meyer, San Fran-
cisco, Cal. ; Abram Simon, Washington, D. C. ; David E. Weglein, Baltimore.
Md.
Circles and Students ; Arkansas : Little Rock, Pine Bluff. — California :
Los Angeles, Oakland, San Francisco. — Illinois : Chicago. — Kansas : Kansas
City. — Louisiana : Alexandria. — Maryland ; Baltimore. — Minnesota : Du-
luth, Minneapolis. — Missoui*i : Kansas City, St. Louis. — New Jersey : Alli-
ance, Atlantic City, Carmel, Millvllle, Newark, Norma, Vinelana. — New
York : Albany, Binghamton, Buffalo, Elmira. — Ohio : Akron, Cleveland,
East Liverpool. — Pennsylvania : Altoona, Erie, McKees Rocks, Philadelphia,
Pittsburgh, Scranton. — Tennessee : Knoxville, Memphis. — ^Texas : Beau-
mont.— Virginia : Richmond. — West Virginia : Wheeling.
JEWISH CONSUMPTIVES' RELIEF SOCIETY
Org. Jan. 2, 1904 ; inc. June 25, 1904. Office : 412-415 Wyoming BIdg.,
Denver, Colo.
Tenth Annual Meeting, Oct. 11, 1914, Denver, Colo.
Contributors, 50,000. Income, 1914, $99,412.22. Capacity, 140 beds.
Publishes the Sanatorium.
Officers : Pres., Philip Hillkowitz, 302 Metropolitan Bldg. ; Vice-Pres.,
David Gross, A. Zederbaum, L. M. Welner ; Treas., S. L. Bresler ; Sec,
C. D. Spivak, 412-415 Wyoming Bldg., Denver, Colo.
Trustees : Sol. Bloomgarden, S. L. Br? sTpr, {?. F. DisraeUy. Morris
Friedman, Ed. Grimes, David Gross. Philip Hillkowits!, C, H. Kauvar* Ociod-
man Ijevin, Max D. Neusteter, Louis RoblnHsjii. 1. Rude, O. M. Sbere. C. D*
Spivak, B. Steinberg, Nathan Striker, Loula M. W'^eJoer, Victor WelssburK,
Adolph Zederbaum, Denver, Colo. ; Mrs. L. Blocb, N, Y. C, r^pre^ntlng
New York Liadies' Auxiliary ; Mrs. Harry Crown, fit. Louig, Mo„ repre-
senting St. Louis Ladies' Auxiliary; Mrs. 1. Kolinsky, Denver, Colo.* repFe-
senting Denver Ladies' Auxiliary ; Samuel Dorf, N- Y. C., representing
Order Brith Abraham; and Leon Sandere^, N. Y. C, representlnif Indr»-
pendent Order Brith Abraham.
Auxiliary Societies : Colorado : Denver. — Connecticut : Waterbury. —
Georgia : Savannah. — Massachusetts : Holyoke, Springfield. — Missouri :
Kansas City, St. Joseph, St Louis. — New York: New York City. — Ohio:
Cincinnati, Cleveland.
lias support of Federated Charities in : Alabama : Mobile, Montgomery.
— Arkansas : Fort Smith, Little Rock. — Colorado : Denver. — Georgia :
Atlanta. — Illinois : Chicago. — Indiana : Fort Wayne, Indianapolis. — Iowa :
Des Moines. — Kentucky : Louisville. — Louisiana : New Orleans, Shreveport.
— Michigan : Detroit. — Minnesota : Minneapolis, St. Paul. — Missouri : Kan-
sas City. — Nebraska : Omaha. — North Dakota : Fargo. — Ohio : Akron,
Dayton. Toledo, Youngstowh. — Pennsylvania : Pittsburgh. — Tennessee :
Memphis, Nashville. — Texas : El Paso. — Wisconsin : Milwaukee.
Digitized by
Google
SOCIALIST FEDERATION OP AMERICA 307
JEWISH NATIONAL RHEUMATIC RELIEF ASSOCIATION
Org. Sept 10, 1913. Office: Mt Clemens, Mich.
E*irst Annual Meeting, Aug., 1914, Mt. Clemens, Mich.
Members, 2000.
Purpose : Help Rheumatic Sufferers.
Officers: Pres., J. K. Arnold, Cleveland, O.: Vice-Pres., G. Caplan;
Treas., I. W. Schenker, Mt. Clemens, Mich. ; Sec, Jos. Stiglitz, 105 Clinton,
Mt. Clemens, Mich.
Trustees : J. K. Arnold. Cleveland, O. ; Joseph Baum, Green Bay, Wis. ;
Outman Caplan, Pittsburgh, Pa. ; B. Cohen, Chicago, 111. ; Isaac Gerson,
Toledo, O. ; H. L. Goldman, Detroit, Mich. ; Jacob Gumbinsky, Kalamazoo,
Mich. ; H. Lichtenstein. Atlanta, Ga.: Levy Rokeach, Brooklyn, N. Y. : L M.
Rothman, New York City ; I. W. Schenker, Mt. Clemens, Mich. ; Julius L
Steinsapir, Pittsburgh, Pa. ; Joseph Stiglitz, Mt. Clemens, Mich. ; S. Ulmer,
Cleveland, O.
JEWISH NATIONAL WORKERS ALLIANCE OF AMERICA
Org. 1912. Office : 89 Delancey, New York City
Second Annual Convention, Apl. 22-20, 1914, Philadelphia, Pa.
Members, 3000.
Branches, 78.
Purpose : Fraternal Order.
Officers : Jos. Feldman, Charlotte St. ; Vice-Pres., Samuel. Goldstein,
111 E. 7th; Treas., S. Mohel, 101 Norfolk; Sec., Meyer L. Brown, 48 E.
100th, N. Y. C.
Executive Committee : S. Borcheck, M. Brown, J. Feldman. S. Gold-
stein, S. Mohel, B. Plattrot, Wm. Schwartz.
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OF AMERICA
Org. June 3, 1888. Office : Girard Av. and Broad, Philadelphia, Pa.
For the Report of the Twenty-Seventh Year of The Jewish Publication
Society of America, see p. 395 et seq.
JEWISH SOCIALIST FEDERATION OF AMERICA (S. P.)
Org. Aug. 2, 1912. Office : 175 East Broadway, New York City
First Annual Convention, Sept. 29-Oct. 2, 1913, New Haven, Conn.
Members, 5000.
Purpose : Socialist and Political agitation and organization of the
Jewish Working Class.
Branches, 90.
Officers : General-Secretary, Jacob B. Salutsky, 175 E. Bway ; Treas.,
K. Vornberg, 256 E. Bway, N. Y. C.
Branches : California : Los Angeles, San Francisco. — Colorado : Denver.
— Connecticut: Ansonla, Bridgeport, Hartford, Merlden^ New Britain, New
Haven, New London, Stamford, waterbury. — Delaware : Wilmington. — Dis-
trict of Columbia : Washington. — Georgia : Atlanta. — Illinois : Chicago
(3), Rock Island. — Indiana: Indianapolis. — Iowa: Des Moines, Sioux
City. — Maine: Portland. — Maryland: Baltimore (3). — ^Massachusetts:
Boston, Brockton, Chelsea, Fall River, Lynn, New Bedford, North Adams,
Salem, Springfield, Worcester. — Michigan : Detroit. — Minnesota : Duluth.
Minneapolis, St Paul. — Missouri : St. Louis. — Nebraska : Omaha. — New
Digitized by
Google
308 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Jersey: Bayonne, Elizabeth, Jersey City, Newark (2), Passaic, Paterson,
Trenton, W. Hoboken. — New York : Albany, Binghamton, Buffalo, Kingston,
New Rochelle, New York City (9), Newburgh, Newport, Niagara Falls,
Rochester, Schenectady, Syracuse, utica, Yonkers.— Ohio : Akron, Cincin-
nati, Cleveland (2), Columbus, Toledo, Youngstown. — Pennsylvania : Erie,
Philadelphia (2), Pittsburgh, Reading, Scranton. — Rhode Island; Provi-
dence (2). — ^Virginia: Richmond. — Wisconsin: Sheboygan.
♦JEWISH SOCIALIST-TERRITORIALIST LABOR PARTY OF
AMERICA
Org. Feb. 3, 1906. Office : 276 E. Broadway, New York City
Fourth Party Convention, Nov., 1911, Philadelphia, Pa.
Third Party Council, Nov. 18-22, 1913, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
Members, 3000.
Branches and Groups, 43.
Central Committee: R. Awerbach, Mrs. Ch. Cohen, J. Coway, A.
Glanz, J. Globus, M. Kaz, J. Lieberman, N. Y. C. ; S. Rosenfeld, Toronto,
Ont, Canada.
Secretary : J. Coway.
Branches and Groups : California : Los Angeles. — Colorado : Denver. —
Connecticut : Bridgeport, Hartford, New Haven, Waterbury. — Illinois :
Chicago (2). — Iowa: Sioux City. — Maryland: Baltimore. — Massachusetts:
Boston, Chelsea, Lynn, New Bedford. — Michigan : Detroit. — Minnesota :
Minneapolis, St. Paul. — Missouri : Kansas City, St. Louis. — Nebraska :
Lincoln, Omaha. — New Jersey : Newark, Paterson. — New York : Buffalo,
New York City C12), Rochester. Syracuse. — Ohio: Cincinnati, Cleveland,
Toledo. — Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, Pittsburgh. — Texas : Dallas, Galves-
ton.— Virginia : Richmond. — Wisconsin : Milwaukee. — Canada : Alberta,
Calgary, Hamilton, London, Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg.
JEWISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY OF AMERICA
Org. 1886. Office : 531 W. 123d, New York City
Thirteenth Biennial Meeting, March 24, 1912.
Twenty-Second Commencement, June 6. 1915.
Graduates, Rabbinical Course, in 1915, 8.
Whole number of graduates, Rabbinical Course, 93.
Whole number of graduates. Teachers' Course. 83.
Officers : Pres., Solomon Schechter ; Chairman Board of Directors,
Louis Marshall ; Hon. Sec, Irving Lehman ; Treas., Daniel Guggenheim,
N. Y. C.
Directors : (for life) Daniel Guggenheim, Adolph Lewisohn, Louis
Marshall, Jacob H. Schlff, Felix M. Warburg, N. Y. C. ; Philip S. Henry,
Asheville, N. C. ; Cyrus Adler. Phila., Pa. ; Mayer Sulzberger, Phila., Pa. ;
(term expiring 1916) Samuel Greenbaum, N. Y. C. ; Chas. I. Hoffman, New-
ark, N. J. ; Irving I^hman, Simon M. Boeder, Sol. M. Stroock, N. Y. C. ;
William Gerstley, Phila., Pa. ; Harry Friedenwald, Baltimore, Md., and
I>avid S. Ellis, Boston, Mass.
Executive Committee : Chairman, Louis Marshall ; Cyrus Adler,
Daniel Guggenheim, Simon M. Boeder, Jacob H. Schiff, Mayer Sulzberger.
, Faculty : Pres. and Professor of Jewish Theology, Solomon Schechter.
M. A., Litt. D. (Cantab, and Harvard) ; Sabato Morals Professor of
Biblical Literature and Exegesis, Israel Frledlaender, Ph. D. (Strassburg) :
Professor of Talmud, Louis Ginzberg, Ph. D. (Heidelberg) ; Professor of
History, Alexander Marx, Ph. D. (KSnigsberg) ; Professor of Homiletics,
Mordecai M. Kaplan, M. A. (Columbia) ; Instructor in the Talmud, Joshua
A. Joff4; Associate Professor of Medieval Hebrew Literature, Israel
Digitized by
Google
KNIGHTS OF ZION 309
Davidson, Ph. D. (Columbia) ; Hazan and Instructor in Hazanut, Rev. Simon
Jacobson ; Instructor in Public Speaking, Walter H. Robinson.
Library Staff : Librarian, Alexander Marx ; Cataloguer, Israel Shapira ;
Assistant in Library, Phillip Abrahams.
Registrar: Israel Davidson.
Secretary : Joseph B. Abrahams.
Branches : Colorado : Denver. — Kentucky : Louisville. — Maryland : Bal-
timore.— Massachusetts : Boston. — Michigan : Detroit. — ^New Jersey : New-
ark.— New York : New York City. — Pennsylvania : Philadelphia. — Canada :
Montreal.
Teachers* Institute, 132 E. 111th. Principal Mordecai M. Kaplan,
120 B. 93d. Instructors : Israel Friedlaender, History ; Ellas L. Solomon,
Hebrew ; Assistant Instructor : Hyman Goldin. Special Committee : Samuel
Greenbaum, Chairman ; Henry Glass, Mordecai M. Kaplan, Irving Lehman,
J. L. Magncb, Solomon Schecnter, Felix M. Warburg.
ALUMNI ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY
OF AMERICA
Org. July 4, 1901
Fourteenth Annual Meeting, July 12, 1915, Arveme, L. I.
Members, 90.
Officers : Pres., Ellas L. Solomon, 620 E. 168th, N. Y. C. ; Vlce-Pres.,
Marvin Nathan, Philadelphia, Pa. ; Rec. Sec, BenJ. A. Lichter, Far Rocka-
way, N. Y. ; Cor. Sec, Nathan Wolf, 156 S. Lexington Av., White Plains,
N. Y. ; Treas., Israel Goldfarb, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Executive Committee : Harry S. Davldowitz, Jersey City, N. J. ; Ma;p
Drob, Buffalo, N. Y. ; Herbert S. Goldstein, N. Y. C. ; Charles I. Hoffman,
Newark, N. J. ; M. M. Kaplan, N. Y. C. ; Eugene Kohn, Balto., Md.
JUDAIC UNION
Org. May 31, 1880. Office : 6241 Knox, Philadelphia, Pa.
Thirty-fifth Annual Convention, Feb. 14, 1915, Philadelphia, Pa.
Members. 822.
Lodges, 5.
Officers : Grand Master, Charles Horn. Phlla., Pa. ; Vice-Grand Master,
I. N. Weinstock ; Grand Sec, S. J. Marx, Phlla., Pa. ; Grand Treas., Raphael
Goldbacker.
Executive Committee: The Officers, and Joseph Ascher, Harry Cohen,
Samuel Lam, Isaac Sadler, Albert Sohms.
Lodges: Maryland: Baltimore. — Pennsylvania: Philadelphia (4).
KNIGHTS OP ZION
(WESTERN FEDERATION OF ZIONISTS)
Org. Oct. 25, 1898. Office : 1001 Ashland Blk., Chicago, 111.
Eighteenth Annual Convention, Dec 31, 1914-Jan. 4, 1915, St. Louis, Mo.
Gates, 40.
Affiliated with the Federation of American Zionists.
Officers : Pres., N. D. Kaplan, 826 Otis Bldg., Chicago, 111. ; Vlce-Pres.,
B. Antonow, Samuel Ginsberg, and Leon Zolotkoff ; Treas., B. Horwlch ;
Sec, M. Abrams, 1001 Ashland Blk., Chicago, 111.
Gates : Illinois : Chicago, Elgin, Englewood. Joliet, Maywood, Peoria,
Bock Island, South Chicago. — Indiana : Evansville, Gary. Hammond, Indi-
ana Harbor, South Bend, Terre Haute. — Iowa: Des Moines, Sioux City. —
Kansas. Wichita. — Minnesota : Duluth, Minneapolis. — Missouri : St. Louis.
— North Dakota : Ashley, Fargo. Grand Forks. — Wisconsin : Kenosha,
Madison, Marinette, Milwaukee, Superior.
Digitized by
Google
310 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
THE MIZRAHI OF AMERICA
Org. June 5, 1912. Central Bureau : 1721 Carr, St. Louis, Mo.
Second Annual Convention, Apl. 23-26, 1915, New York City.
Bureaus, 2.
Members, 5000.
Purpose : Following the Zionist movement, based on the Basle program.
Fundamental principles : The land of Israel, to the nation of Israel, guided
by the law of Israel.
Officers : Chairman, B. Abramowltz, St. Louis, Mo. ; Treas., Saul Rosen-
blum, Pittsburgh, Pa. ; Sec, L. Gellman. St. Ix)uls, Mo.
Executive Committee : B. Abramowltz, St. liOuis, Mo. ; A. M. Ashln-
sky, Pittsburgh, I»a. ; I. L. Levin, Detroit, Mich. ; M. Z. MargoUes, New
York City; S. Schaffer, Baltimore, Md.
Bureaus : Central * Bureau, 1721 Carr, St. Louis, Mo. ; Propaganda
Bureau, 1721 Canal, N. Y. C.
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OP JEWISH SOCIAL WORKERS
Org. 1908. Office: 356 Second Av., New York City
Seventh Annual Convention, May 9, 1915, Baltimore, Md.
Members, 200.
Purpose : Exchange of Ideas and better personal understanding of
workers.
' Officers : Pres., David M. Bressler, N. Y. C. ; Vlce-Pres., Frances M.
Tausig, Chicago, 111. ; Sec.-Treas., Monroe M. Goldstein, N. Y. C.
Executive Committee: Jos. H. Hyman, Atlanta, Ga. ; Saml. Rablno-
vitch, Bklyn., N. Y. ; Jeannette Reis, St. Louis, Mo. ; W. L. Solomon, Cleve-
land, O. ; Chas. Strull, Louisville, Ky. ; Leon Volmcr, New Orleans, La.
NATIONAL CONFERENCE OP JEWISH CHARITIES IN THE
UNITED STATES
Org. 1899. Office: 411 W. Fayette, Baltimore, Md.
Eighth Biennial Convention, May 6-8, 1914, Memphis, Tenn.
Members, 116 Societies.
Officers : Pres., Minnie F Low, Chicago, 111. ; Vice-Pres., David M.
Bressler, N. Y. C. ; Chas. Elsenman, Cleveland, O. ; Aaron Cohen, Pitts-
burgh, Pa. ; Sec, Louis H. Levin, 411 W. Fayette, Baltimore, Md. ; Treas.,
Bernard Greenafelder, St. Louis, Mo.
Executive Committee: Nathan Bijur. N. Y. C. ; Jacob Bill ikopf, Kan-
sas City, Mo. ; Fred. M. Butzel, Detroit, Mich. ; George L. Fox, Fort Worth,
Tex. : Lee K. Frankel, N. Y. C. ; Max Herzberg, Phila., Pa. ; Jacob H. Hol-
lander, Baltimore, Md., Mrs. Belle Israels Moskowitz, N. Y. C. ; Julian W.
Mack, Chicago, 111.; Julius Rosenwald, Chicago, 111.; Max Senior, Cin-
cinnati, O.
Constituent Societies : Alabama : Mobile, United Hebrew Charities ;
Montgomery, United Hebrew Charities. — Arkansas: Hot Springs, Hot
Springs Relief Society ; Little Rock, Federation of Jewish Charities ;
Pine Bluflf, Hebrew Relief Association. — California : Los Angeles, Hebrew
Benevolent Society, Jewish Consumptive Relief Association : San Francisco,
Board of Relief ; Stockton, Ladles Hebrew Benevolent Society. — Colorado :
Denver, Jewish Consumptives Relief Society, Jewish Social Service Federa-
tion, National Consumptives Hospital. — Connecticut : New Haven. Hebrew
Benevolent Society, Hebrew Charity Society. — Delaware: Wilmington.
Hebrew Charity Association. — District of Columbia: Washington, United
Digitized by
Google
NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF JEWISH CHARITIES 311
Hebrew Charlttea. — Gcorirla : Atlanta, Federal ton of Jewish ChRritlea, He-
brew OrpbuDs Home. — iniiiole: Oik ago* Associated .Fuwlisli CbarltU**,
Bureau of t*er»ut!iil JServIti^. Chieairo Womtjn's Aid, Chicago Women's Loan
Asaoclatlon^ Jewish OouaEinijiflves' Relief Society; Peoria, Hehrew ReileC
AfiscM^latlon.— Indlnna : EvansTiCle, Hehrfw Benevolent Society; Indian-
jipollf<. The Jewish Federatluu ; f^otilh Rend, Temple Betb K\. — Iowa: Dea
Molue«, Federated Je^x^sh t'harlties ; Sloui City. Jewish Ladles Aid Society.
— Kentucky: LDulavllIe, Confrregation Adath Israel. Federation of Jewish
CbflHtlea ; Paducah, Congregation Temple Israel. — Lontsfana : Baton HotJire.
Organize^} Charities- New Oi'leaue, ABJ3n(;lat1on Relief of Jewish Widows
fuid l.Jriilians. Jewish Charitable and Educational Fedfnitlon : Shrt^vewjFt,
Jewish Keller Society. — Maryland : Baltimore, Federated Jewish rharltieB,
Hebrew Benevolent Society, United Hehrew Charities. — ^MoKsachasetta :
Bo«ton, Hehrew Women'a Sewing Society, Section Cotincll Jewish Womeo,
United Hfa^rew Benevolent Society. — Michigan: r>etroU. Widows Aid
Society,, United Jewish ChavUlea; Kalamaaioo, Congregation B^nai IsraeL — ■
Mlnne«olai Dalutb, Tomplf Aid Society; Minneapolis, Associated Jewlab
Choritiefl, Hebrew LadleE Bi^nevolent Society: St. I'anl, Jewish CharitieB,
Ji^wiah Relief Society.— Ml. sslj^eip pi : Meridian, Meridian Jewish Belief
Society; Vlcksburg, AfiBodati.'dl Jewish Charltiea, — Mlftsourl: KansaEi Clty»
Haehnofina OrTlihn, United Jewl^^h Charlttea ; ^t. Joseph. Federated Jewish
CharltitiE^ ; St. Louis, JewLi^h ( 'ha ri table and I'^doeational Union. — -Nebraska :
Lincoln, Jewish l^dli's Aid Society ; Omalm, Associated Jewlt^h ChHritles. —
New Jersey: Newark, Hetvrew Orphan Asylum and Benevolent Society;
Trenton, Trenton Loditfe, No, 'ifl, I. O. B. S.— New Turk: Albany, Hebrew
Benevolent Society, .Tewlsh Uoaie Society ; Brooklyn, BrooklyD Hebrew
Drphan Asylum, Fedei'utlon of JtHvIsh Chai'itles; Bultalo, Federated JcwlBh
Charllles ; New York City, Baron fh- lllrsch Fund, Council Jcvvlflh Women,
Edncatloaal Alliance, Eaiflniitl Slsii-tiUMMl Cei-stmal Service. Free Sytiagogue,
Hebrew Frt'e Loan Assoeisitln'ii, lI'iKfnv Orjihaa A,sy]uiii, Hebrew Khertefing
and Immicrnut Aid Soclify. llrUr "w I'lf Imltal Instltuie, Ilotneof Oaa^ibterH
of Jacob* Indus trial IteraoVa! Office, Je^dsh Agricultiiral and ludu<^trial Aid
iiociety, J r wish I'rotectury, Lndles Fuel mu} Aid Sorieiy, I^aa Invalid Aid
Society, Miriam <iottlieb Aid Society, xM<>ntetiore ilcmie, Uoumnalau Aid
Society, iCoiimaaian Hebrew Aid ANsiH:iani>ri, SEinitjtrluiii for llelM'ew Chil-
dren, Shaaniy Tetilla Sisterhood, Soci<>ty fur VVe[fare of .lew lab Deaf, Temple
Beth El( I nttPd Ilebrrw CharilliS, Wtdtjwi'a Motbers Fund, Youiig Men's
Hebrew Association, Young Woiuoii's ilfbrinv Assoclallon; Niagara Fails,
I<adle^ Hebrew BfUt*voIetu Sofb^ly ; Hrjsrhs sler, JewEnih Orphan As.vluni
ABflocJatlou of Western Now i'oik. United Jewish Chiirltles ; Syracuse,
United Jewish CbariUeH ■ Tsunnkltisviliie, IkUrvw Ueiievulenl Society of
Staten Island. — North Dnkula : Fargo, Asaoclntcd JewLsh rharlties. — Ohio:
Akroa, Foderathm Jewlwh rhaiJtIea; CIncliuiali, United Jewish Charities?
Cleveland, Educational 1> aguis Fi-^di-ration of Jewitib Charities, Jewish
Orphan Asylnin ; Columhua, Jewish Charities; Dayton, KederAtlon of J«%vlsh
Charities; Toledo, Federation Jewish Charities; Youngstown, Federated
Jewish Charltiry. — Oregon j l*<nrFjti]d, Pli-^t llihrew i'^i'iii-vnlent AsKoeiatlon,
Jewish Women's Benti^voient :^uel<'ly. -I'l nir^vlvunin : Itriuid^ck. Braddoek
Lodge, No. 516, L O. B, B, ; iJiiiensur. UnkeU lIi linw Cbjiriry Asaodatlon ;
I'bEladelpbia, Federation of Jewish Charities, Jewish Foster Ilomr and
Orphan Asylam, Jewisb llo^ptlal. Javenlh* Aid Society, NaUooai Farm
School, Orphans Guardians. United Hebrew Charities," Yoang Women's
Union ; I'lttsbargh, Federation of Jewish Ubllntithrupies, United Hehrew
Relief Association ; Scranton, Jewish Ladles Relief Society ; Wilkes-Barrts
Laiiles Auxiliary, Young Men's Hebrew Aasiochillon. — South Carolina;
Charleston, Hebrew Benevolent Society. — Tenue«iiee; MempiiiH. Federated
Jewish Charities; Nashvilio. llGl>rcw Relief Society. — Texas: Dallas, Feder-
ated jewl'ih Charities; Ij^I Chj^o, Jewish Relief Sot^Iely ; Fort Worth, Hebrew
Relief Society ; UainesvllleT United Hebrew^ Cougrewatlon : CalveBton,
Hebrew Benevolent ^Society ; Houston^ Beth Israel Ilenev^Meut Society,
IJoited Jewish Charities; San Antonio. Montt*nure BiuevtiUtit Society;
Waco, Hebrew Benevolent Society, — Utah : Salt l^ake City, Jewish lielfef
Society. — Virginia: AleMaudria, Hebrew Benevolent Suciety ; Norfolk.
Digitized by
Google
312 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Ladies Hebrew Benevolent Society ; Richmond, Congregation Beth Ahabe
of Richmond, Hebrew Home for Aged and Infirm, Hebrew Ladies Benevo-
lent Society. — Washington : Seattle, Hebrew Ladies Benevolent Society.—
West Virginia : Wheeling, Boff St. Temple. — Wisconsin : Milwaukee, Hebrew
Relief Association, Ladles Sanitary and Benevolent Society, Mt. Sinai Hos-
pital.— Canada : Montreal, Baron de Hlrsch Institute.
NATIONAL FARM SCHOOL
Inc. Apl. 10, 1896. School and Farms : Farm School, Bucks Co., Pa.
Office : 407 Mutual Life Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa.
Seventeenth Annual Meeting, Oct. 18, 1914, Farm School, Bucks Co., Pa.
Fourteenth Annual Graduation, Mch. 10, 1915.
Number of graduates, 1915, 15.
Whole number of graduates, 174.
Members, 2200.
Office&s : Pres., Joseph Krauskopf, 4715 Pulaski Av., Germantown, Pa. ;
Vice-Pres., Harry B. Hirsh ; Treas^ Isaac H. Silverman ; Exec. Sec. pro tem,
Isaac Landman, 407 Mutual Life Bldg., Phila., Pa.
Director : J. H. Washburn.
Executive Board : Herbeii D. AUman, A. J. Bamberger, Hart Blumen-
thal. W. Atlee Burpee, Adolph Elchholz, H. Felix. Simon Frledberger, Daniel
Glmbel, S. Grabfelder, Horace Hano, H. B. Hlrsh, Abraham Israel, M. A.
Kaufmann, Alfred M. Klein, Arnold Kohn, Isaac Landman, Howard A.
Loeb, Leon Merz, Louis Nusbaum, Barney Sellg, J. N. Snellenberg, George
Wheelef, Phlla., Pa.
National Auxiliary Board : Loufs I. Aaron, Pittsburgh, Pa. ; Daniel
Alexander, Salt Lake City, U. ; Mrs. Julius Andrews. Boston, Mass. ; Henry
Beer, New Orleans, La. ; I. W. Bernheim, Louisville, Ky. ; Harry Cutler,
Providence, R. I. ; Nathan Eckstein, Seattle, Wash. : Henry Frank. Natchez,
Miss. ; M. J. Freiberg, Cincinnati, O. ; Bernard Glnsburg, Detroit^ Mich. ;
A. Hirshhelmer, La Crosse, Wis. ; Adolph Lewlsohn, N. Y. C. ; Jacob M.
Loeb, Chicago, 111. ; Louis Newberger, Indianapolis, Ind. ; J. B. Oppenhelmer,
Butte, Mont. ; E. Raab, Richmond, Va. ; Edward E. Richard, Mobile, Ala. ;
Alex. Sanger, Dallas, Tex. ; Louis Schlesinger, Newark, N. J. ; Slg. Slchel,
Portland, Ore. ; Slg. B. Sonneborn, Baltimore, Md^ David Sternberg, Mem-
phis, Tenn. ; Morris Well, Lincoln, Nebr. ; Harris weinstock, San Francisco,
NATIONAL FEDERATION OF TEMPLE SISTERHOODS
Org. Jan. 22, 1913. Office : 107 Carew Bldg., Cincinnati, O.
Second Biennial Meeting, Jan. 19-21, 1915, Chicago, 111.
Societies, 107.
Purpose : Closer co-operation between the various Sisterhoods.
Officers : Pres., Mrs. Abram Simon, Washington, D. C. ; Vice-Pres.,
Mrs. J. Waiter Freiberg, Cincinnati. O. ; Treas., Mrs. Israel Cowen, Chicago,
111. ; Sec, Mrs. Ben Loewenstein, Cincinnati, O.
Executive Committee : The Officers, and Mmes. Max Brandenberger,
Bklyn, N. Y. ; Dan Frank, Boston, Mass. ; Paul Godchaux. New Orleans,
La. ; Leon Goodman, Louisville, Ky. ; Moses J. Grles, Cleveland, O. ; Kauf-
mann Kohler, Cincinnati. O. ; Joseph Krauskopf, Phila., Pa. ; Fred Lazarus,
Columbus, O. ;. David Lefkowltz, Dayton, O. : Louis S. Levi, Cincinnati, O. ;
J. Leonard Levy, Pittsburgh, Pa. ; H. H. Mayer, Kansas City, Mo. ; Sol.
Moses, Cleveland, O. ; I>avTd Philipson, Cincinnati, O. ; Joseph Rosenfleld,
Memphis, Tenn. ; T. Schanfarber, Chicago, 111. ; Harry Sternberger, Cin-
cinnati, O. ; Joseph Stolz, Chicago, 111. ; Joseph Wiesenfeld, Baltimore, Md. ;
James Witkowsky, Chicago, HI. ; Leon Wolf, Wheeling, W. Va. ; Louis
Wolsey, Cleveland, O.
Affiliated Sisterhoods : Alabama : Anniston, Ladles Hebrew Benevo-
lent Society. — Arkansas : Pine Bluff, Ladles Temple Society. — California :
Digitized by
Google
NATIONAL FEDERATION OF TEMPLE SISTERHOODS 313
Lob AtiK«l^. Sistertaood of Temple B'Dal B'rUh ; SncrameutOt Lndtes Auxili-
ary of B'Dal iBrael. — Colorado: Denver^ Emaooel l^lsterhood. — Conoectl-
cut : Hartford, Ladies Auxiliair Beth iBrael ; New Hflven. Mlsbkan Israel
Temple 81?sterboo(l.— Dlstrlet 01 ColiimlJla ; Washington, ijadif.B Auxiliary
Society, — Florida: Jacksonville. Jewlsb Womi^n's LcaKue.^Georffia : At-
lanta, Hebrew Benevok'Gt Sigk-riiood ; CoIuEnljuE, Jewlsli Ladles Aid Society ;
M&con. The Temple Guild; Saviinntth. Tt'tnpto Guild Society. — Illinois:
Bloomin^toiip llebrc?w Ijadka Aid Society ; Champai^Dp Jewish Ladles Social
Circle ; Chicago, Chicago Sicai Templti Siatt^rliood, Krnanut'l Society, Isaiah
Woman's Cluh, K. A. ^t. Auxlilai^y, IjadUa Auxiliary of Temple Sholom,
Ladles Society Bnal Sholom Teiimte Israel, TemplB Judea Woman's Club;
Peoria, Ani^he ISmeth 81:^1 i/rlioon- — Indiana: EvansYllle, TetiJplo Sister-
hood: Fort Wayni?, Achduth Vi'i^ibalom Slsknhood ; Gary, Woman'a Auilli
ary of Temple Israel ; Hammondt if wish Ladies Aid Society ^ Mount Vernon,
Ladles Temple Aid Society.— lowm : IJav+mport, Slstivrhood of Temple
Emanuel ; Des Moints^ Ststerhoort of B'nal Veshurttu : Sioux City, Jewish
Ijadlea Aid Society. — Kentucky : LchiIsvIIIp, Adath Israel Sisterhood, Ladles
Auxiliary Templt^ Btlth Sholom- I'aducah, Sisterhood Temple Israel*-^
Louisiana : Alexandria, Temple Guild ; Baton Rou^o, Eijal Israi^I Sisterhood
of Baton Houge ; Monrop, Jewish Ijjidtes Temple Aid ISock'ty : N«w Iberia,
Ladies Temple Aid Society ; New Orleans^ I-^dles* Guild of Temple Sinai,
Woman*8 Leaffue of I'ouro Sy n a j^ogue.— Maryland : Baltimore, Ladies
Auxiliary Madison Avenue Temple, Ltidies Auxiliary of liar Sinai Temple,
Oheb Shalom Sisterhood* — Massarhusetts : Boston, Temple Advancement
Society. Womao's Society of Temple IsrfteK — Michigan: Detroit, Woman's
Auxiliary Afisoclatlou Temple BHh El; Grand itaplda, Ladles Auxiliary i
Saginaw, Beth El Sisterhood. — Minnesota : Dulsilh, Temple Aid Society* —
Mississippi : Meridian. Temple <iuild; Natchez, Natchez T*?mple Sisterhood;
Victshurg, Anfihe Chesed Sisterhood. — Missouri : Kansas City, Temple BlB-
terhood ; ^t* Joseph, Adath Joseph Sisterhood; St, Loula, Lfidles Auilllary
of Temple Israel, Slmare Emeth Liidles Society; Kprln^fleld. Ladies Auxili-
ary.— Nebraska: Lincoln, JcT^lsh iiadles Aid Society, — Now Jersey: At-
lantic City, Beth Israel Sisterhood.— New Vtirk : !iiooklyn. Sisterhood,
Temple Beth Elohlm (Keap Streets : Woman's Auxiliary of Temple Elohlm ;
Buffalo, Ladles Teiwple Society ; Far Rocttaway, y Isterljood Temple laracl ;
New York City. Ladles Auxiliary of Congregation AuKhe Chesed Shaare
Hashomaylm, Sinai Sisterhood of the Bronx, Temple Israel Syterhood-^-
North Carolina : (ioldaboto. Ladles Aid Society of Ohel> Sholom Congrega-
tion j Raleigh* Temple Sisterhood ; Statesvllle, Hebrew Ladles Aid Soeliily. —
Ohio : Akron, Ladles Temple Society ; Bella Ire, Temple Sisterhood ; dncin-
uatl, I*hjm Street Templt" Sisterhood, Sl^iterhood of Bene Israel Congrega-
tion, Sisterhood Society Reading Road Temple; Cleveland, Euclid AventJe,
Temple Sisterhood, Teiuple Women's AsF;oclatlon ■ Columhus, Ladles Auxlli-
ary of B"nal Israel Temple; Dayton, Ladles Temple Auxiliary Kshal Kadosb
B'DSl Teshurun ; IMgua, Jewish Ladles Aid Society : Springfield, Lftdless
Auxiliary Oheb Zedaksb Congregation: Toledo. I^dlea Auxiliary Society;
ToungBtown, Sisterhood of Eodef Shalom Temple ; Zaneevllle, Jewish
Woman's Benevolent and Aid Society .^Oklahoma : Oklahoma City, Jewish
Ladles Aid.— Pe nosy Ivaula : Altoona, Ladles Temple Socletv ; Easton.
Ladies Hebrew Benevolent Society; Erk. Hebrew I^adie*! Auxiliary; Har-
rlsburj:, Ohev Shalom Sisterhood ; Lancaster, Ladles Temple Auxlllapj ;
McKeesport, Slsterliood of Temple B'n^il Israel; Philadelphia, Sisterhood
of KeDBseth Israel. Sisterhood of Rodoph Shalom CoQgregatioo ; Pittsburgh,
Sisterhood of Rodeph Shalom ( ons^regailon ; Reading, Temple Sisterhood ;
e;cranton. The Sisterhood of the Madison Avenue Temple- Rhode Island:
providence?. Ladles Auxllls^ry SocleUf. — ^Tenntsst^e : Memphis, Ladles Temple
Auxiliary ; Nashville, Vine St. Temple Sisterhood. — Texas : Corslcana,
Ladles AuxlUarv Ti^mple Beth El ; Fort Worth, The Temple Auxiliary^ —
Virginia: Ahxandrla, Beth El Sisterhood; Norfolk, Sisterhood Oheb
Sholom.— Washing tun : ^J5e kittle. Ladles Auxiliary of Temple De Hirsch. —
Weat Virginia : Huntington, Ladles Hebrew Benevolent Society ; Wheeling,
Ladies Hebrew Ben evo lent. ^^ Wisconsin : Milwaukee, Emanuel Ladles
fio«letj, Bene Jeahuruo Sisterhood,
Digitized by
Google
314 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
NATIONAL JEWISH HOSPITAL FOR CONSUMPTIVES
Org. Dec. 10, 1899. Office : 3800 E. Colfax Av., Denver, Colo.
Fifteenth Annual Meeting, Jan. 17, 1915, Chicago, 111.
Members, 17,000.
Patients treated, 2730.
Officers : Pres., Samuel Grabfelder, Bartlett Bldg., Atlantic City, N. J. ;
Vice-Pres., J. Walter Freiberg, Cincinnati, O. ; Treas., Ben. Altheimer, St.
Louis, Mo. ; Sec, Mrs. S. Pisko, 3800 B. Colfax Av., Denver, Colo.
Executive Committee; The Officers, and Herman August, Cleveland,
O. ; William S. Friedman, Adolph Kraus, Chicago, 111. ; David S. Lehman,
Denver, Colo. : J. Leonard Levy, Pittsburgh, Pa. ; Martin A. Marks, Cleve-
land, O. ; Louis D. Shoenberg.
NATIONAL JEWISH IMMIGRATION COUNCIL
Org. Mch. 5, 1911. Office : 80 Maiden Lane, New York City
Delegates and members at large, 18.
Constituent societies, 10.
Purpose: General supervision of all work for Jewish immigrants at
the seaports of the United States.
Officers : Chairman, Abr. I. Elkus, 170 Broadway, N. Y. C. ; Vlce-
Chairman, Max Mitchell, 76 Devonshire, Boston, Mass. ; Sec. and Treas.,
H. L. Sabsovlch, 80 Maiden Lane, N. Y. C.
Executive Committee : Chairman, Leon Sanders, Sec, D. M. Bressler,
Abr. I. Elkus, Max J. Kohler, N. Y. C. ; Louis H. Levin, Baltimore, Md. ;
Louis E. Levy, Phlla., Pa.
Members at Large : Nathan Bijur, Oscar S. Straus, N. Y. C. ; Simon
Wolf, Washington, D. C.
Constituent Societies : Maryland : Baltimore, Federated Charities,
Hebrew Immigrants Protective Association. — Massachusetts: Boston, Fed-
erated Charities. — New York : New York City, American Jewish Committee,
Board of Delegates of Union of American Hebrew Congregations, Committee
on Immigrant Aid of National Council of Jewish Women, Executive Com-
mittee of Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations, Jewish Immigration
Committee. — Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, Association for the Protection
of Jewish Immigrants.
NATIONAL UNION OP JEWISH SHELTERING SOCIETIES
Org. July 30, 1911. Office : 229-231 E. Broadway, New York City
Members, 36 communities.
Purpose : To help worthy wayfarers ; put a check on habitual wan-
derers, and prevent wife-deserters from using the Hachnoses Orchlm as
a means of escape from family responsibilities.
Officers : Pres., Leon Sanders, N. Y. C. ; Vlcc-Pres., S. H. Brodsky,
Newark, N. J. ; Mrs. H. F^nkelpearl, Pittsburgh. Pa. ; A. Kress, Baltimore,
Md. ; M. Meyerowltz, Chicago, III. ; Mendel Sllber, Albuquerque, N. M. ;
Treas., Max Meyerson ; Hon. Sec, I. Hershfleld, N. Y. C.
Executive Board : M. J. S. Abels, Altoona, Pa. ; M. Blechshlager, Cin-
cinnati, O. ; Mrs. S. Bloch, Indianapolis, Ind. ; M. J. Braude, Syracuse,
N. Y. : S. H. Brodsky, Newark, N. J.; Henry J. Cohn. Richmond, Va. ;
A. Coll, Spokane, Wash. ; A. Concors, N. Y. C. ; Mrs. H. Flnkel pearl. Pitts-
burgh, Pa. ; I. Hershfleld. N. Y. C. ; Mrs. W. Klebansky, Phlla.. Pa. ; A.
Kress, Baltimore, Md. ; Rev. H. Masllansky, Jacob Massel, N. Y. C. ; M.
Meyerowltz, Chicago. 111. ; Max Meyerson, N. Y. C. ; L. Pollakoff, Newark.
N. J. ; Rlssman, Chicago, 111. ; Leon Sanders, N. Y. C. ; A. L. Schiller,
Scranton, Pa.; M. B. Schlom, Wllkes-Barre, Pa. ; A. J. Shon, Fall River.
Mass. ; Mendel Sllber, Albuquerque, N. M. ; I. Warsaw, Waco, Tex. ; W.
Wlttensteln, Bridgeport, Conn.
Digitized by
Google
ORDER KESHER SHEL BARZEL 315
Communities : California : Los Angeles, San Francisco. — Connecticut :
Bridgeport, Norwich. — Delaware : Wilmington. — District of Columbia :
Wasnington. — Georgia : Atlanta. — Illinois : Chicago. — Indiana : Indianapo-
lis.— ^Maryland : Baltimore. — Massachusetts : Fall River. — New Jersey :
Bayonne, Elizabeth, Newark, Paterson, West Hoboken. — New York : Glov-
ersville. Rochester, Schenectady, Syracuse, Watertown. — Ohio: Cincinnati,
ZanesyiUe. — Pennsylvania: Pnlladelphia, Pittsburgh, Scranton, Wilkes-
Barre. — South Carolina : Charleston. — ^Texas ; Fort Worth, Waco. — Vir-
ginia : Norfolk, Portsmouth, Richmond. — Washington : Spokane, Tacoma. —
Canada : Montreal.
ORDER BRITH ABRAHAM
Org. June 12, 1859. Office : 266 Grand, New York City
Forty-third Convention, May 9-14, 1915, Philadelphia, Pa.
Members. 71,642.
LodgeH, 385.
Opf-iCEisa : Grand Master, Samuc^l Dorf ; First Deputy Grand Master,
Abraham Heller, N. Y, C. ; Second Deputy Grand Master, Isnnc Weloeri
Phllfl., Pa. ^ Thfrd Deputy CraM Mastpp, hZ. Mantel, Indianapolis, lod. ;
Grand Tfoas,, Baftiet Frlodman ; Grand Sec, Geo. W. LelBensuhn, 266
Grand : Counsel to tlii? Ordtir. H. M. Goldroi^le, N. Y. C.
I^ctoj^^ : Alftbjima .' BfrmlnBham. — rnltforola : Txis Ang^eles, ^an Fran-
Cisco (4K — CoioiodfJ ; Denver ^^K rnelHo, — ^ConnectU'ut : Hnrtford {2),
New Br!t£ilrit Ni-w IInvi?n. New I^ondon^ Norwich. South Norwalk, Water-
bury (2). — District of Columbia : Washington.— Georifia t Atlanta, Maeon.
Savftnnah.^Illluois : Chicago t29). La San#, Peoria. — Tndtnna : Indian-
apolfa (3), Lafayette, <;apv. -lowrt : rentervlllei I>es Moines.— Ken tuclsy ;
FjOUlsvUle (2K — Loulj^liina ■ Shrevepopt. — Maine: Bandar, Blddi-furd.
LewiHton, Portlflud. — Maryland: Baltimore (ri).--Mnasachu!3ettB : Bofitou
(27), CheiiEft, East Boston* Fali River (BK HaviThill, Holyoke, Lawrence
(2K Maiden, New Ik-dford, Salem (1!}, South Framinsbam, Sprlugfleld,
Worcester (2).— Mlcblnna : Detroit (2).— Minnesota : Duluth (4).
Evel^th, Hlbbrng. Minneapolla (5), St Paul, — Missouri: Kanaas rity (2).
St. Joseph, St. Lnuls (H}. — Montana: Butte.— Nebruafca : Oraatin.^New
Huinpi^bfre: Manehestt^r, — Nt'w Jersey: Newaric fO), Pater&on (SV- —
New York: Albany, Bingbamton, BulTAio (2), Elrairnt Hudson. New
Yoric City (142), Peekskill. RocheKicr (Hh Syracuse {ij. Troy. ITMca (2),
Ohio: Cincinnati, Clivelnnr! (fii, T^Tinitn, Toledo i2\. Yoiioestowu.^
PetmsylvaDla : Chester, ISa^lptoii, Jobnntown^ Ni?w Castle, PblJadelphla
(SK PlttJ^burKb (4K Itpwdlns, Scraiitiui, WUkts-Borpci (^).— Rhode Islaod :
Providence {!), Woon«<a'ki?t. — Tt'xaK ; KhUjik {"Ik llouatoti, San Afitoolo,
Waco.— Vermont : BurHuifton. — ^Vlr^nia: Ni*W[jort Neii-a. Norfolk, Klcb-
mond. — Washington ; Bi-lUnj^iiam, Scattl*'. — Wlaconaln : iM Crosse, Mll-
wautE&e (3), West Superior,
ORDER KESHER SHEL BARZEL
Org. 1860. Office : 342 B. 50th, New York City
Biennial Convention of District Grand Lodge, No. 1, Feb. 28, 1915, New
York City.
Members. 295.
Lodges, 29.
Officers : Pres., Jacob Ankel ; Sec, Moses Greenbaum, 342 E. 50th,
N. Y. C.
Executive Committee : L. Bauman, H. Beck, Wm. Bernard, S. Coleman,
M. Kreisler.
Lodges : Connecticut : Hartford, New Haven. — Massachusetts : Boston.
— New Jersey: Jersey City, Newark (2). — New York: Albany, Brooklyn
(2), BuflCalo. Elmira, Kingston, New York City (18), Ogdensburg, Pough-
keepsie, Rochester, Syracuse, Troy.
Digitized by
Google
316 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
ORDER KNIGHTS OF JOSEPH
Org. Feb. 14, 1896. Office : 311-312 Society for Savings Bldg.,
Cleveland, O.
Eleventh Biennial Convention, Aug. 16-18, 1914, Chicago, 111.
Members, 16,000.
Lodges, 85.
Officers : Supreme Commander, Isadore Llederman, Chicago, 111. ; B^rst
Supreme Vice-Commander, J. J. Taxman, Rock Island, 111. ; Second Supreme
Vice-Commander, A. Feld, Cincinnati, O. ; Third Supreme Vice-Commander,
M. Tajlor, Columbus, O. ; Supreme Sec, D. J. Zlnner, Cleveland, O. ; Su-
preme Treas., Max. Aranovitz, Cleveland, O. ; Endowment Treas., A. Jacobs ;
Supreme Auditor, M. S. Freiberger, Cleveland, O.
Lodges: Connecticut: New Haven. — Illinois: Chicago (15), Rock
Island, Waukegan. — Indiana : Indianapolis. — ^Kentucky : Louisville. — Michi-
fan: Detroit. — Missouri: St. Louis (6). — New Jersey: Camden, Newark,
»aterson (2).— New York: Buffalo (3), Rochester (2). — Ohio: Cincin-
nati (5), Cleveland (8), Columbus (2), Toledo.— Pennsylvania : Philadel-
phia (19), Pittsburgh (6).— Tennessee : Nashville.— Wisconsin : Milwaukee.
ORDER SONS OF ZION
Org. Apl. 19, 1908. Office : 44 E. 23d, New York City
Seventh Annual Convention, June 28-29, 1915, Boston, Mass.
Members, 3600.
Camps, 82.
Purpose : Fraternal and Zionlstlc.
Officers : Nasi, Joseph Barondess ; Segan Rishon, Jacob Strahl ; Segan
Shenl, Joshua Sprayregen : GIsbor, H. B. Isaacson; Maskir, Jacob ish
Klshor.
Executive Committee : H. Abramowltz, M. Altchul, J. L. Bernstein,
Moses Bernstein, Sol. Brody^ Edward Cahn, Nathan Chasan, David Frei-
burger, Abr. Goldberg, Wm. Goldsmith, H. Kahn, Chas. Kehlman, Israel H.
Levin thai, Jacob Landsberg, Israel Matz, M. J. Miller. Nathan Prensky,
Morris Rothenberg, Ph. I. Schick, Abr. Schochet, Jacob Segal.
Camps : Connecticut : Bridgeport, Hartford, Meriden, New Britain, New
Haven, New London, Norwich, South Norwalk, Stamford, Waterbury. —
District of Columbia : Washington. — Florida : Jacksonville. — Georgia : Sa-
vannah.— Illinois: Chicago. — Maine: Portland. — Maryland: Baltimore. —
Massachusetts : Boston, Holyoke, Maiden, Newburyport, Pittsfleld, Roxbury,
Westfleld. — Michigan : Detroit. — Missouri : St. Louis. — New Jersey : Ellza-
bethport, Jersey City, Newark, Paterson, Perth Amboy, Plalnfleid, Trenton.
— New York : Albany, Brooklyn, Buffalo, New York Clt3% Port Chester,
Svracuse, Troy. — Ohio : Cleveland. — Pennsylvania : Old Forge, Phlladel-
§hla, Pittsburgh, Reading, Scranton. — Rhode Island : Pawtucket, Provi-
ence. — Virginia : Newport News, Norfolk. — Wisconsin : Superior.
ORDER UNITED HEBREWS OP AMERICA, Inc.
Headquarters : Boston, Mass.
Eleventh Annual Convention, May 24, 1915. v
Officers : Pres., Morris Diamond ; Vice-Pres., SIgmund Goldman ; Treas.,
Jacob Barger ; Sec, Rudolph Appel.
Executive Committee : Harry Cohen, Leon Gallzald, Barnet Hurwitz,
Manashe Krantzman, Moses Lewin, Isaac Rich.
Digitized by
Google
SIGMA ALPHA MU FRATERNITY 317
PI TAU PI FRATERNITY
Org. Jan., 1908. Office : St. Louis, Mo.
Sixth Annual Convention, Dec. 26-30, 1914, Cincinnati, O.
Members, 250. ^
Purpose: To bring into closer relation and promote sociability among
the Jewish young n\en of the country and to aid the less fortunate.
Officeks : Pres., Herbert Prank, St. Louis, Mo. ; Vlce-Pres., Lester
Steinem, Washington, D. C. ; Treas., Milton Greenwald, Baltimore, Md. ;
Sec, Lawrence A. Kahn, 1106 Walnut, Kansas City, Mo. ; Editor-ln-Chlef,
Morton Netter, Phila., Pa.
Lodges : Alabama : Mobile, Montgomery. — District of Columbia : Wash-
ington.— Illinois : Chicago. — Louisiana : New Orleans. — Maryland : Balti-
more.— ^Missouri : Kansas City, St. Louis. — Ohio : Cincinnati. — Pennsyl-
vania : Philadelphia. — Tennessee : Memphis.
PROGRESSIVE ORDER OF THE WEST
Org. Feb. 13, 1896. Office : 11th and Franklin Av., St. Louis, Mo.
Eighteenth Annual Convention, July 26-28, 1914, Philadelphia, Pa.
Members, 17,781.
Lodges, 103.
Officers : Grand Master, B. Frank, Fraternal Bldg., St. Louis, Mo. ;
Second Deputy Grand Master, Abe Levy, St. Louis. Mo. ; Third Deputy
Grand Master, J. Zuckerman, Cleveland. O. '.Fourth Deputy Grand Master,
Michael Sack, Philadelphia, Pa. ; Fifth Deputy Grand Master, Harry
Roberts, Baltimore, Md.; Sixth Deputy Grand Master, M. Finkelsteln, Kan-
sas City, Mo. : Seventh Deputy Grand Master, J. Jacobs, Fort Worth, Tex. ;
Grand Sec, Morris Shapiro; Grand Treas., Jacob Fishman ; Beneficiary
Treas., Sam Feldman, St. Louis, Mo. ; Grand Counselor, Max Shulman.
Chicago, 111.
Lodges : District of Columbia : Washington (2) . — Illinois : Chicago
(30), May wood, Peoria. — Indiana: Indianapolis. — Kansas: Kansas City.
— Kentucky: Louisville, Newport. — Maryland, Baltimore (6). — MichUan :
Detroit. — Minnesota: St. Paul. — Missouri: Kansas City (3), St. Louis
(16). — New Jersey: Camden. — New York : Syracuse (2). — Ohio: Cincin-
nati (3), Cleveland (4). — ^Pennsylvania: Philadelphia (18), Pittsburgh. —
Texas: Beaumont, Dallas, Fort Worth (2), Houston. — West Virginia:
Charleston.
SIGMA ALPHA MU FRATERNITY
Org. Nov. 26, 1909. Office : care of Murray P. Horowitz, 1024 Simpson,
N. Y. C.
Fifth Annual Convention, Dec. 27, 1914, New York City.
Members, 230.
Chapters : Undergraduate, 8 ; Alumni, 1.
Purpose : Fraternity for Hebrew college men.
Officers : Pres., Isadore B. Finkelsteln ; Treas., Samuel Ginsburg ; Sec,
Murray P. Horowitz, N. Y. C.
Directors : The Officers, and Edward T. Frankel, Abr. L. Glassenberg,
Benjamin P. Goldman, David D. Levinson, N. Y. C. ; Nathaniel I. S. Gold-
man, Phila., Pa.
Digitized by
Google
318 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Chaptbbs : Alpha. College of the City of New York : Beta, Cornell
University, Ithaca, N. Y. ; Gamma, Columbia University. N. Y. C. ; Delta,
Long Island College Hospital, Blslyn.. N. Y. ; Epsllon, College of Physicians
and Surgeons, N. Y. C. ; Zeta, Cornell University Medical College, N. Y. C. ;
Eta. Syracuse University, Syracuse, N. Y. ; Theta, Univemity of Pennsyl-
vania, Phlla., Pa. T
Alumni Chapter : The Sigma Alpha Mu Club of New York.
SIGMA THETA PI SORORITY
Org. 1909. Oppicb : 107 N. 17th, St. Joseph, Mo.
Sixth Annual Conclave, Kansas City, Mo.
Members, 100.
PuBPOSB : Philanthropic and social work.
Officers : Pres., Corinne Hornbein, Denver, Colo. ; Vice-Pres., LlUie
Ades, Louisville, Ky. ; Sec, Selma Heyman, 107 N. 17th, St. Joseph, Mo. ;
Treas., Hedwig Rosenstock, Omaha. Nebr.
Chapters : Zeta, St. Joseph, Mo. ; Beta, Kansas City, Mo. ; Lambda,
Lincoln, Nebr. ; Tau, Louisville, Ky. ; Iota, Omaha, Nebr. : Alpha, Oklahoma
City, Okla. ; Delta, Denver, Colo. ; Upsilon, St. Paul and Minneapolis, Minn. ;
Eta, Pueblo, Colo.
UNION OF AMERICAN HEBREW CONGREGATIONS
Org. 1873. Office: Cincinnati, O.
Twenty-fourth Council, Jan. 19, 1916, Chicago, 111.
Twenty-fifth Council will meet Jan. 16, 1917, Washington, D. C.
Members, 191 Congregations.
Pour Departments: I. Executive and Financial, Pres., J. Walter
Freiberg, Cincinnati, O. II. Hebrew Union College, Pres. Board of Govern-
ors, Edward L. Heinsheimer, Cincinnati, O. III. Board of Delegates on
Civil Rights, Chairman, Simon Wolf, Woodward Bldg., Washington, D. C.
IV. Board of Managers of Synagoerue and School Extension, Chairman,
Sol. Fox; Director, George Zepin, Cincinnati, O.
Executive Boakd fou 1915 : Pres., J. Walter liVelberp ; Vlce-Prp».,
Chas. Shohl; Treas,, Solomou Fox; &g<:., I^tpniau Iji-vy, Fourlh NatL Bk,
Bldg., Cincinnati, O, ; Jbjioc \V. Bernhelm, Louisville, fiy. ; Bernhard B<*tt-
mann, Cincinnati, O. i Joslah Ciihi'n, Pltteburgb, Pa.; Hnrry Cutler, Provl-
dence, R. I.; Gustavo A. EfroyioHon. IiidlBDnpoMB. Ind. ; Edw. L. Ilelfift-
heimer, Cincinnati, U. : Adolf KraiiH, Chicago, III. : Jeewe W* Ullf-uthal. San
Francisco, Cal. ; Bai^uch MubU>r. Murtlo A. Mnrka. tlevclflDd, O, ; Max B,
May, Cincinnati, O. ; Kmll NnthRTi. St. TjOuIs, Mo. ; Adolnh B. Ochs. N-
Y. C. ; William Ornsfeln. Clnt'lnniLti, O. ; Mfircua Uanh, ClttRbiirgh, Pa.;
Sigmund Rheinstrom. riim^lnDutl, 0,; Sf^lmon W. Uo3i^iidak\ Albany, H. Y. ;
Julius Rosenwald, rhiiji^rj, J^ * Jacob H. St^lilflf, N. Y. C. ; Loul« SchJe^tu-
ger, Newark, N. J.; Jjicob Bclinadlg, Cblcw^o, 111.; Mourice Stern, New
Orleans, La.; Samn 'I j^tmua, CInclntintU O. : Solomon Sulzberirer, H. Y. C. ;
Joseph Wiesenfeld. Ilaltlmore^ Mil, ; Albert Wolf, PbUa., Pa. ; Wm. B
Woolner, Peoria, 111.
BoABD OP Governors op the Hebrew Union College fob 1915-19:
Henry Berkowitz, Phila., Pa. ; Bernhard Bettmann, Alfred M. Cohen,
Maurice J. Freiberg, Cincinnati, O. ; Moses J. Gries, Cleveland, O. ; Edward
L. Heinsheimer, Cincinnati, O. ; Emll G. Hirsch, Chicago, 111. ; Harry M.
Hoffheimer, Cincinnati, O. ; Alfred M. Klein, Phila., Pa. ; Joseph Kraus-
kopf , Phila., Pa. ; Max Landsberg, Rochester, N. Y. ; Charles S. I-«vl, Mil-
waukee, Wis. ; J. Leonard Levy, Pittsburgh, Pa. ; Jacob Ottenheimer, David
Philipson, Emll Pollak, Cincinnati, O. ; William Rosenau, Baltimore, Md. ;
Digitized by
Google
UNION OP AMERICAN HEBREW CONGREGATIONS 319
M. B^mlleld, Memtjliia, Tenn. t Marray *ilpfltiOiigon(!, CiticiDnntl, O. ; .JoHcpIi
SJlveftoaG, N. Y. C. ; JoBepli fetr>U. ChScH^a. 111.; Homy Wtiumnhelm, San
FrandHco. Crtl. ; MoitIh S. Westhcimpr, 1^^1I Wlnklf^r, rinfiDoatl, O.
ij. L. ; Morns m. i oiin, jjirtjp iiocK, Am,: Wiiltifio coLid, Nastivlltf
Israt?} Vowvn, Chlc(i*?o, III.; Harry Cutler, I^rovirtencp, R- I, ;
David. WnshlOEton, D. C ; Felix .T, nri>yfrms, Nf^w OrleaDB, Ln. ; j
Elkua. N. Y. C\ ; liHffy Fninc, Washington. D. C ; Loo M. ]
B'lAKti OF DtrLiSGATEH <JN CiviL RrojiTiJ t'fjii 1915: Chairnmn, Simon
Wolf, VV'ashlnj^ton, U. C. ; Isiiac Ad] in-, Hirm]n>,'hiiiti, Alfi, ; Mil ton U
Anfengi^r, EhniFPr, Cnlo. ; R?ilpn Harobi^rjjfT. TndliinnpuliH, Jnd. ; Lt'c Riium^
^nrtPii, WRj-liin^non, D. (\ ; Leon Rtoek< Knnf^as rity, Mo. ; E. N. CBllscb,
Richmond, Va. ; J ok! ah Cohen, I'lttsbnrph, Ph. ; Myr-r Ccihc*D. Washington,
rx C. ; Morris M. Colin, JJttle Roek, Ark, : Nil than Cohn, NashvilEo, T^im. i
,___.. ,, „... ,.. „ „ " - ; Levi H.
Ahram I.
_„. ... _. _. , ,..,-, . , ,,„„ — ^ , ... ^.. , „, „ ,,.. Franklin,
rvtrolt, Mkh. : Nathan Frank, BL Ijonis, Mo.; J. Walter FrelborK. Cinctn^
natl. O. ; Jacob Fiirth. St. Louis, Mo. ; Ilonry M. (JoMfoK^e. N. Y. C. ;
Irfsulg J. Goldman, rlnclnnatl, O. ; .ToMpfih R. (Jreenliiit, Peoria. TIL ; Mosrs
J. CJriea, Clfvelaiifl, f>. ■ Wtn. B. HtickenhnrR:, Ph!la., Pa, ; Henrv Ilfitiaw,
Mobile, Ala.; Joseph lllr&h. Vickaburji^, Mtw^, ; Marcus JncohU Wliiniint^lon.
N. i'. : .Tullufl Kahn, Soo Franclfico, Cfll, ; Mai J. Kohl*>r, N. Y. C. ; Adolf
KrauB, CblcflffO, III.; B. Ia UiTinthal, Phlla,, Pa.: J. Leonard Levy, Pltls-
bar^h. Pa*; Julinn W. Mack, Chicago, III.; Lewis W, Marcus, Btiffalo,
N. Y, ; DaTid Marx. Atlnjita, Ob, ; T. M. Mordecai. Charleston , B. C. ;
Jacob Nleto, %San Frnnclaco, Cal. ; Jnlius Peyser, WaBhln^ton, D. C. ;
M. WaHey I'latsjcfc, N. Y. C; Wtn. RoBcDfttn Baltimore, Md, ; Simon W.
RoBcnduIe, Ailiany, N. Y. ; Inline Rosen wn Id, Chicago. III. ; Charles A.
Hnhcnstclu, Hnltimor<?, Mi3> ; Alfrt^d ^elliKraan, Louis vi lie, Kj. ; Cbarli^H
Shohl, ClnciDnati, 0, ; Abram Salmon, Washington* IX C. ; Lucius L. Bolo-
mons, San FruncIs<?o, Cal. ; Moses Sonnebom, Wheeling, W. Va. i Loyia
Stern, Washington, D. C; Bamnel L'lhnant Birmingham, Ala.; laaac M.
TJllman. Neu- llaTf'n, Conn.; lifnry Wallensti'ln^ Wichita, Knn. ; M. !L
W^iHcerwSt?., i?nri Fraticljst'o, CaL ; Jonas Weil, MinneaDolis, MIuHk; Lionel
Well, Croldifboro. N. C* ; En^€-Qv F. WcBtUeimer, St. Joseph, Mo. ; Jo^t-nh
Wi^spnfeki, Baltimore, Md. ; Lpo WiflP, Plnclntiat!, TK ; Edwin Wolf, Phila,,
Pa. ; Adolph Wolfe, Portland, Ore.
BoAftD oif Managers of Svnaoog^k and ScHoor Extrmsion: Sec.
Georg<* Zepin, Dln^ctnr : Jucoh D. BchwarsE, Louis I. Egelson, Asf^lfitants^ to
Director, 107 Carew BldE,\, Cincinnati, O, ; Mortimer Adicr, Rochester, N. Y. ;
Manrlce Berkowitz, Kansas City, Mo.; Israel Cowi'n, Chicago, [IL; Harry
CuHer, Providctite, U. L : Gustav A. Efroyrosun, Indidtm polls, Ind. ; Solomon
Fox, J. Walter Fri'lljeFg, Cincinnati, O.; J* Tjoonard l^evy. Plttaburgh. Pa,;
Martin A. Marks, Cleveland, O. ; Max B. May, William Or ostein, ^iRinund
RhelnBtroni, Cincinnati, O. ; Julius RoHpnwftld. CMilcugo, IlL ; Joaenl* achon-
thsi OolnmlJiia, O, ; Alfred ^eUlgman, ImilsvlUe, Ky. ; Chas. Shohl, Cln-
clnnatl, O. ; Chas. A, Stiw, f^t. f*oni», Mo. ; Samuel Straus, (Mncinnatl, O* ;
Abr. J. Snn»teln, Pittsburgh, Pa. ; Herman Wik\ BuffH)o, N. Y.
Hebrew Untoh Criu,E0j5 : FaruUp: Prea*, Kaufmann Kohler, Ph. R
( ISrlangcn) , Professor of nomlleilcs. Theology, and Helk'iiifitic Litem-
tnre ; Gotthatil DeutHrh, ph. D. (Vienna), Professor of Jewish History
and Literature; [xjuIb firosamann, D. IX (11. O. C), Proteaaor of ESthlcs
and redagoja^y : David Keumark. Ph. n. (Berlin). Professor of Jewfah
Philosophy; Jacob Z. Lauterhaeh. Vh. D. {GGttlngenI, ProfpseoF of Tal-
rand; Moses Huttenwirarr, Pb. D. (Heidelberg)/ Professor of Biblleal
ExegeslH ; Henry Englnndt^r, Ph. D. (Brown), Profes&or of Blhlicfll Es-
eiresls and Biblical Itlstory ; Julian MoFgeaatern. Ph. D. (Heidelberg),
Professor of Bible and Semitic Lang^tages.
Sp^iiat ln&truf.iara.' Boris D, Bogen, Pb. IX (New York University),
Sociology with ref*^rence to Jewish Philanthropy; David PhlUpsfiti, D. D.
(H. U. C.K lA'f.'Miti r on HiHtory of the Rf Tofm Movrment aod the Actlvitina
of the Rabbi ; Cora Kahn, Blocutlon.
Corresponding Members of the Faculty: Aaron Hahn (1887); David
Davidson (1892) ; Bmll G. Hlrsch (1901) ; Israel Abrahams (1912).
Library Staff: Adolph S. Oko, Librarian ; Numa Kochman, Attendant ;
Sarah B. Grad, Ida Scnaefer, Assistants.
Digitized by
Google
320 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
CoNOBEOATiONS : Alabama : Annlston, Beth EI ; Birmingham, Emanuel ;
Mobile, Shaare Shamayim ; Montgomery, Kehal Montgomery ; Selma, Mish-
kan Israel. — Arkansas: Fort Smith, United Hebrew; Helena, Beth El;
Little Rock, Bene Israel ; Pine Bluff, Anshe Emeth. — California : Los
Angeles, Bene Berith ; Sacramento, Bene Israel, San Francisco, Emanuel ;
Stockton, Rvhim Ahoovim. — Colorado: Denver, Emanuel. — Connecticut:
Bridgeport, Bnai Israel ; Hartford, Beth Israel ; New Haven, Mishkan Israel ;
Waterbury, Temple Israel. — Delaware : Wilmington, Beth Bmeth. — District
of Columbia : Washington, Washington Hebrew. — Florida : Jacksonville,
Ahavath Chesed ; Pensacola, Beth El ; Tampa, Shaare Zedek. — Georgia:
Albany, Bene Israel ; Atlanta, Hebrew Benevolent ; Columbus, Bene Israel ;
Macon, Beth Israel -.Savannah, Mickva Israel. — Illinois : Bloomington, Moses
Montefiore ; Cairo, Monteflore ; Champaign, Sinai ; Chicago, Anshe Maarab,
Bene Sholom, Chicago Sinai, Emanuel, Isaiah Temple, North Chicago
Hebrew, Zion ; Danville, Reform ; Lincoln. Beth El ; Peoria. Anshe Emeth ;
Springfield, Brith Sholom ; Urbana, Sinai. — Indiana : Anderson, Rodef
Sholem, Evansville, Bene Israel; Fort Wayne, Achduth Veshalom ; Gary,
Temple Israel ; Indianapolis, Indianapolis Hebrew ; Kokomo, Shaare
Shamayim ; Lafayette, Ahabath Achim ; Ligonier, Ahabath Shalom ; Madi-
son, Adath Israel ; Mount Vernon, Anshe Israel ; Muncie, Beth El ; South
Bend, Beth El ; Terre Haute. Temple Israel ; Wabash, Rodef Shalom. —
Iowa : Davenport, Bene Israel ; Des Moines, Bene Jeshurun ; Sioux City,
Mt. Sinai. — Kansas: Wichita, Emanuel. — Kentucky: Henderson, Adath
Israel ; Lexington, Adath Israel ; Louisville. Adath Israel ; Owensboro,
Adath Israel ; Paducah, Temple Israel. — Louisiana : Alexandria, Gemillas
Hassadim ; Baton Rouge, Bene Israel ; Monroe, Bene Israel ; New Orleans,
Gates of Mercy, Dispersed of Judah, Temple Sinai, Gates of Prayer;
Shreveport, Hebrew Zion. — ^Maryland : Baltimore, Baltimore Hebrew, Har
Sinai, Oheb Shalom ; Cumberland, Balr Chayim. — ^Massachusetts : Boston,
Adath Israel ; Chelsea, Emanu El ; Pittsfleld, Anshe Amonim. — Michigan :
Bay City, Anshe Chesed : Detroit, Beth El ; Grand Rapids, Emanuel ;
Kalamazoo, Bene Israel ; Saginaw, Beth El. — Minnesota : Duluth, Temple
Emanuel ; St. Paul, Mount Zion Hebrew. — Mississippi : Greenville, Hebrew
Union ; Greenwood, Beth Israel ; Jackson, Beth Israel ; Meridian, Beth
Israel ; Natchez, Bene Israel ; Port Gibson, Gemlluth Chasadim ; Vicks-
burg, Anshe Chesed. — Missouri : Kansas City, Bene Jehudah ; Sedalia,
Sedalla Hebrew ; Springfield, Temple Israel ; St. Joseph, Adath Joseph ;
St. Louis, Shaare Bmeth, Temple Israel. — Nebraska : Lincoln, Bene
Jeshurun ; Omaha, Israel. — New Jersey : Atlantic City, Beth Israel ; Newark,
Bene Jeshurun ; Paterson, Bene Jeshurun. — New York : Albany, Beth
Emeth : Amsterdam, Temple of Israel; Binghamton, Hebrew Reform So-
ciety ; Brooklyn, Beth Elohim, Temple Beth Elohim, Temple Israel ; Buffalo,
Temple Beth Zion ; Far Rockaway, Temple of Israel ; New York City.
Ahawath Chesed Shaare Hashomayim. Beth El, Free Syniu[ogue, Rodef
Shalom. Temple Emanuel, Temple Israel of Harlem ; Niagara Falls, Temple
Beth El ; Rochester, Berith Kodesh ; Syracuse, Society of Concord. — North
Carolina : Goldsboro. Oheb Shalom ; Greensboro, Greensboro Hebrew ; States-
vllle, Emanuel. — Ohio : Akron, Akron Hebrew ; Bellaire, Sons of Israel ;
Canton, Canton Hebrew ; Cincinnati, Bene Israel, Bene Jeshurun, She'erith
Israel Ahabath AchIm ; Cleveland, Anshe Chesed, Tifereth Israel ; Colum-
bus, Bene Israel ; Dayton, Bene Jeshurun ; East Liverpool, Bene Israel ;
Hamilton, Bene Israel ; Lima, Beth Israel ; Piqua, Anshe Emeth ; Ports-
mouth, Bene Abraham ; Springfield, Oheb Zedakah ; Toledo, Shomer Emu-
nim ; Youngstown, Rodef Shalom ; Zanesvllle, Keneseth Israel. — Oklahoma :
Ardmore, Emeth ; Enid. Emanuel. — Oregon : Portland, Temple Beth
Israel. — Pennsylvania : Allentown, Keneseth Israel ; Altoona, Hebrew Re-
formed ; Bradford, Temple Beth Zion ; Easton, B'rith Sholem ; Erie. Anshe
Chesed ; Harrisburg, Oheb Shalom ; Hazleton, Beth Israel ; Honesdale, Beth
Israel ; Lancaster, Shaare Shamayim ; Meadville, Meadville Hebrew Society ;
Philadelphia, Keneseth Israel, Rodef Shalom; Pittsburgh, Rodef Shalom;
Readinff, Oheb Sholom ; Scranton, Anshe Chesed ; Wilkes-Barre, Bene Berith ;
York, Beth Israel. — Rhode Island : Providence, Sons of Israel and David. —
Digitized by
Google
UNITED ORTHODOX RABBIS OF AMERICA 321
South Carolina : Charleston, Beth Elohim ; Columbia, Tree of Life. — Tennes-
see : Chattanooga, Mizpah ; KnoxviUe, Beth El ; Memphis. Children of Israel ;
Nashville, Ohabe Shalom. — Texas : Corsicana, Beth El ; Dallas, Emanuel ;
El Paso, Mt. Sinai ; Fort Worth, Beth El ; Gainesville, United Hebrew ;
Galveston, Bene Israel ; Houston, Beth Israel ; Marshall, Moses Monte-
flore ; San Antonio, Beth El ; Waco, Rodef Shalom. — Utah : Salt Lake
City, Bene Israel. — Virginia ; Alexandria, Beth El ; Norfolk, Oheb Shalom ;
I^etersburg, Rodef Sholom ; Richmond, Beth Ahaba ; Roanoke, Temple
Emanuel. — Washington : Seattle, Temple de Hirsch ; Tacoma, Beth Israel. —
West Virginia : Charleston, Hebrew Educational Society ; Clarksburg, Tem-
ple Emanuel : Huntington, Oheb Shalom ; Wheeling. Leshem Shamayim. —
Wisconsin : La Crosse, Anshe Chesed ; Milwaukee, B ne Jeshurun, Emanuel.
• ALUMNI ASSOCIATION OF THE HEBREW UNION COLLEGE
Org. 1906. Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati, O.
Members, 142.
PuBPOSE : To promote welfare of the Hebrew Union College and to
strengthen fraternal feeling among graduates of the college.
Officers : Pres., Edward N. Calfsch, Richmond, Va. ; vice-Pres., Wm.
S. Friedman, Denver, Colo. : Treas., George Zepin, Cincinnati, O. ; Historian,
George Solomon, Savannah, Ga. ; Sec, Julian H. Miller, 515 Douglas,
Chattanooga, Tenn.
BxECDTiVE Committee : Moses P. Jacobson, Dfivid Marx, Horace J. Wolf.
♦UNION OP ORTHODOX JEWISH CONGREGATIONS OF
AMERICA
Org. June 8, 1898. Office : 99 Central Pk. W., New York City
Eighth Convention, May 30-31, 1915, New York City.
Officbbs : Pres., Bernard Drachman, 128 W. 12l8t, N. Y. C. ; Vice-
Pres., Moses Hyamson, Samuel I. Hyman, Edwin Kaufman, M. Z. Margolles,
Simon M. Boeder, N. Y. C. ; Meldola de Sola, Montreal, Can. ; Treas.,
Jacob Hecht, N. Y. C. ; Sec, Isidore Hershfleld, M. Engelman, Albert Lucas,
56 W. 105th. N. Y. C
BxECUTivB Committee : A. M. Ashinsky, Pittsburgh, Pa. ; Louis Bor-
genicht, Bklyn^ N. Y. ; I. M. Davidson, Youngstown, O. ; Julius J. Dukas,
C. J. Epstein, Harry Pischel, Henry Glass, S. H. Glick, Herbert S. Goldstein.
M. Gottesman, Jacob M. Guedalia, N. Y. C. ; S. Halpern, Hoboken, N. J. ;
Philip Jaches, N. Y. C. ; J. D. Jurman, Boston, Mass. ; Philip Klein. Abr.
Krumbein, M. Boas Lande, N. Y. C. ; J. Levinson, Albany, N. Y. ; B. L. Levin-
thai, Phila., Pa. ; H. Mandelbaum, H. Pereira Mendes, N. Y. C. ; Henrv S.
Morals, Bensonhnrst, L. I. : J. Neulander, Yonkers, N. Y. : David de Sola
Pool. Nathan Rosenzweig, N. Y. C. : G. S. Roth, Bklyn., N. Y. ; Abraham E.
Rothstein, N. Y. C. ; S. SchaflTer, Baltimore, Md. ; W. Wittenstein, Bridge-
port, Conn.
♦UNITED ORTHODOX RABBIS OF AMERICA
Org. Tammuz 24, 5662 (1902)
Tenth Annual Convention, July 11, 1912, Boston, Mass.
Members, 120.
Opficees : Hon. Pres., Bernard L. Levinthal, 716 Pine, Phila., Pa. ;
Pres., S. B. Jaffe, 211 Henry, N. Y. C. ; Hon. Vice-Pres., S. Wise, Bklyn.,
N. Y. ; Vice-Pres., A. Alperstein, N. Y. C. ; J. Grossman, Phila., Pa. ; I.
Isaacson, Bklyn., N. Y. ; Treas., D. Ginzberg, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. ; Chair
man of Committee to organlM Jewish Congregations in the tJnlted States,
Barnard L. Levinthal.
Digitized by
Google
322 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
UNITED SYNAGOGUE OP AMERICA
Org. Feb. 23, 1913. Office : 531 W. 123d, New Xork City
Third Annual Convention, July 18-19, 1915. Arverne, L. I.
Purpose : The promotion of traditional Judaism in America.
Officers : Hon. Pres., Solomon Schechter, N. Y. C. ; Pres., Cyrus Adler,
Phlla., Pa. ; Vice-Pres., Louis Ginzberg, N. Y. C. ; Charles H. Kauvar, Den-
ver, Colo. ; Ellas L. Solomon, Mordecai M. Kaplan ; Rec. Sec, Jacob Kohn,
N. Y. C. ; Cor. Sec. Chas. I. Hoffman, 45 Elizabeth Av., Newark, N. J. ;
Treas., Samuel C. Lamport, N. Y. C.
Executive Council : Herman H. Abramowitz, Montreal, Can. ; Cyrus
Adler, S. Soils Cohen. Phlla., Pa. ; Louis Ginzberg, Meyer Goodfrlend, N.
Y. C. ; Julius H. Greenstone, Phlla., Pa. ; A. M. Hershman, Detroit, Mich. ;
Chas. I. Hoffman, Newark, N. J. ; Mordecai M. Kaplan, N. Y. C. ; Chas. H.
Kauvar, Denver, Colo. ; Max D. Klein, Phlla., Pa. : Jacob Kohn, Samuel C.
Lamport, N. Y. C. ; William Levy, Baltimore, Md. ; Alexander Marx, N. Y. C. ;
N. PInansky, Herman H. Rubenowitz, Boston, Mass. ; Michael Salit, Bklyn.,
N. Y. ; Solomon Schechter, Ellas Solomon, Samuel Wacht, N. Y. C.
YOUNG JUDAEA
Org. 1908. Office : 44 B. 23d, New York City
Seventh Annual Convention, June 30, 1915, Boston, Mass.
Number of Circles, 250.
Purpose: Popularization of Jewish education and spread of Zionism
among the Jewish youth.
Officers : Pres., David de Sola Pool ; VIce-Pres., Joseph Barondess,
Meyer Berlin, Nathan Straus ; Sec, David Schnecberg, 44 E. 23d, N. Y. C. ;
Chairman Publication Board, Sundel Donlger ; Chairman Organization Com-
mittee, I. Rosengarten ; Chairman Celebrations Committee, Joshua Spray-
regen ; Chairman Social Committee, Esther Abramson ; Chairman on
Zionist Training School, Israel Goldberg; Chairman of Young Judaean,
S. M. Feinberg; Chairman of Physical Training, Henry Hansen; Chairman
on Re-organization Plan, Reuben A. Posner ; Editor of Young Judaea, Joshua
Neuman.
Advisory Board : Charles A. Cowen, Mrs. Richard Gottheil, Nathan D.
Kaplan, Sarah Kussy, B. H. Leventhal, Louis Lipsky, Mrs. N. Taylor
Phillips, Jessie E. Sampter, Max Shulman, Samuel Strauss, Stephen S. Wise.
Z. B. T. FRATERNITY
Org. 1898; inc. 1907. Office: (Supreme Council) New YorltClty
Sixteenth Annual Convention, Dec. 28-29, 1914, New York City.
Members, 1500.
Also known as the Zeta Beta Tau, ranking as an Intercollegiate Greek-
letter fraternity, open to Jewish men.
Officers: Supreme Nasi (PresO, Richard J. H. Gottheil; Vice-Nasl
(Vice-Pres.), Alvin T. Sapinsky ; Sophar (Sec.)i Nathaniel S. Flneberg,
Montreal, (Jan. ; Gisbar (Treas.), Dave Oettlnger, N. Y. C. ; Historian, H. U
Barnett, New Orleans', La.
Chapters (in the order of their installation) : Alpha, College of the
City of New York, N. Y. C. ; Delta, Columbia University, N. Y. C. ; Gamma,
New York University, N. Y. C. ; Theta, University of Pennsylvania, Phila.,
Pa. ; Kappa, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. ; Mu, Boston University,
Boston, Mass.: Lambda, Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O. ;
Zeta, Case School of Applied Science, Cleveland, O. ; Sigma, Tulane
\
Digitized by
Google
Z. B. T. FRATERNITY 323
University, New Orleans, La. ; Bta, Union University, Schenectady, N. Y. ;
Iota, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, Bklyn., N. Y. ; Nu, Ohio State
University, Columbus, O. ; Xi, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Bos-
ton, Mass. ; Omicron, Syracuse University, Syracuse, N. Y. : Pi, Louisiana
State University, Baton Rouge, La. ; Tau, Harvard University, Cambridge,
Mass. ; Rho, University of Illinois, Champaign, 111. ; Phi, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. ; Upsilon, McQill University, Montreal, Quebec,
Can.
Gbaduatb Chapters : New York Graduate Club, N. Y. C. ; Cleveland
Graduate Club, Cleveland, O.
12
Digitized by
Google
324 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [Callfornta
NEW JEWISH LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE
UNITED STATES
The following list supplements the Directory of Jewish Local Or-
ganizations IN THE United States published In the American Jewish
YiDAB Book 5668 and the additions in those of 5669, 5670, 5671, 5672, 5673,
5674, and 5675. It enumerates the organizations that have come into
existence between July 1, 1914, and June 1, 1915, and it includes also a
few organizations inadvertently omitted from the other lists. Juvenile
organizations, because of their ephemeral character, have been omitted.
The following abbreviations are employed: Cem. = Cemetery ; Chr.=
Charity; CL. = Club; Com. = Community ; Co. = Congregation; EDDC. = Bklu-
cational ; M. B.= Mutual Benefit ; Zion.= Zionist An asterisk (*) indicates
that complete information was not procurable.
ALABAMA
BAY MIKETTE
Co. Tefares Israel. Sec, Max Resnick. School. Supt., Joseph Croop.
TUSCALOOSA
Cg. Emanu El. Org. 1905. Re-org. 1914. Sec., J. Holstein. Ladies*
Aid Society.
ARKANSAS
LITTLE BOCK
Educ. *Young Men's Hebrew Asiociation, 8th and Louisiana. Sec, M. J.
Wilenzick.
CALIFORNIA
FRESNO
Co. Temple Israel. Sec, Morris Benas, P. O. Box 129. School.
LOS ANGELES
Cg. Talmud Torah of Boyle Heights, 247 N. Breed. Org. May 1, 1913.
Sec, R. Levin, 2818 Sheridan.
OAKLAND
Che. Friendly Visitors' Society, 669 Oakland Av. Sec, Mrs. Chas. Strauss,
437 Perkins.
SAGBAKENTO
Cg. *Saoramento Reform Congregation. Rabbi, M. Fried.
Digitized by
Google
Georgia] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 325
SAK DIEGO
Chr. Hebrew Free Loan Assoolation, Overbaugh BIk. Sec, A Rlttoflf,
553 5th.
Co. *San Diego Beform Congregation. Rabbi, M. N. A. Cohen.
SAN FBANCISCO
Philantis Club, Sutler and Van Ness. Sec, Dorothy Frledenthal, 1570
Washington. Affiliated with Council of Jewish women.
•Beth David, 19th and Valencia.
ZiON. *Agudath Zion Society, Geary near Fillmore. Sec, Miss S. R. Glaser,
173r ""*
Cl.
Cg. •Beth David, 19th" and Valencia
^ '.gudath Zion S * * '"
1738 Fillmore
STOGXTOK
Cg. •Orthodox. Pres., I. Brown.
Bduc. Temple Club. Community Hall, Temple Israel. Sec, Pauline Land-
man, 531 N. Stanislaus.
CONNECTICUT
HABTFOBD
Com. Central Jewish Committee of Hartford, 15 Pleasant Sec, G. M.
Rabinoff, 19 East.
Bduc. Young Men's Hebrew Aiiociation, 35 Wlnthrop. Sec, Solomon
Malley, 72 Portland.
NEW HAVEN
Educ. Young Women's Hebrew Association, 284 Crown. Sec, Hattie A.
Weinstein, 27 Rose.
WATEBBITBY
Educ. Degel Zion V Jerusalem, 24 Kingsbury. Org. July 28, 1912. Pres.,
David B. Swiren, 66 Park Av.
Teachers' Model School. Pres., Mrs. David B. Swiren, 66 Park Av.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
WASHINGTON
Co. *Xeneseth Israel Hebrew Congregation.
Zion. Louis D. Brandeis Zionist Society, Southern Bldg. Sec, Jos. L.
Tepper, 504 E St., N. W.
FLORIDA
KEY WEST
Co. B'nai Zion. Org. 1908. Sec, G. Kirdlck, Duval St. Rabbi, G. Men-
delsohn.
GEORGIA
ATLANTA
Chb. Big Brothers' Association, 90 Capitol Av. Sec, Berenice Kaufman,
303 Washington.
Cl. Jewish Progressive Club, Pryor St. Org. Nov. 17, 1913. Sec, Jos.
Herman, 349 Central Av.
Bduc. Civic Educational League, 90 Capital Av. Sec, B. Wildauer, Grant
Bldg.
Digitized by
Google
326 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [Iowa
IDAHO
BOISZf
Co. Ahavath Iir&el, 706 Main. Re-org. Sec, M. Koppel, 908 N. lOth.
Rabbi, Moses Isaacs, 719 Main. Org. as Adath Israel.
ILLINOIS
CHICAGO
Chb. *Lawndale Ladlei' Aid Society. Sec, A. H. Robinson.
Com. *Big Brother. Sec, R. A. Morrison.
Co. *Anshe Emunali, 3309 Emerald Av.
Temple Judea, Kedzie and Ogden Ays. Sec, H. M. Gershenow, 3145
W. 19th. Rabbi. A. L. Messing, 508 Aldine PI. AuxiliaHea:
Women's Club. Sec^ Mrs. A. Simon, 1250 S. Lawndale A v. ; Judea
Temple Auxiliary ; Judea Temple Junior Auxiliary.
MADISOK
Co. Agndath Israel. Sec, Ben Megeff.
BOCXFORD
Co. Beth El. Sec, Paul Udelowish, 315 Chestnut. Sabbath School.
SPRINGFIELD
Co. Isadore Kanner Memorial Synagogue. Rabbi, B. Reavlin.
INDIANA
GARY
Chb. Aiiociated Jewish Charitiei of Gary. Sec, I. G. Propper, 848 Broad-
way.
INDIANAPOLIS
Co. *New Congregation (Turkish), Communal Bldg.
LA PORTE
Co. Shaare Hashamayim. Sec, Ben Levy, 1302 Michigan Av. Rabbi,
Abr. Cronbach, 232 N. Lafayette, South Bend, Ind.
TERRE HAUTE
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 600 S. 6th. Sec, Isadore Berko-
witz, 518 Crawford.
IOWA
COXTNCIL BLUFFS
Cl. *Young Men's Social Club.
Co. Emanuel (Reform). Sec, B. Falk, 537 Harrison. Rabbi, Frederick
Cohn, 1802 Park Ay., Omaha, Nebr. Sisterhood.
Digitized by
Google
Maryland] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 327
KANSAS
FOET SCOTT
Co. Congregation, Rodecker BIdg. Sec, R. M. Rodecker, 9-11 S. Main.
Rabbi, Joseph Leiser, 209 Cosgrove, Joplin, Mo.
KENTUCKY
COVINGTON
Co. ♦Temple Israel, E. 7th and Greenup. Sec, Max Mendelson.
HOFXINSVILLE
Educ. Jewish Sabbath School. Supt., Samuel Klein.
LOUISVIIfL£
Cl. Hebrew Citizens' Froteotive Club of Kentucky. Agt, H. H. Qold-
steln, 1824 W. Walnut.
Educ. Adath Israel Charitable and Educational Association. Clerk, Lillie
B. Bouche, 834 S.,3d Av.
MAINE
LEWISTON
Chr. Lewiston and Auburn Ladies' Charity Society. Re-org. ' Sept., 1914.
Sec, Hattle Miller, Broad St.
Co. Beth Jacob, Lisbon St. Org. 1895. Re-org. 1914. Sec, A. Mandle-
stam, 112 Horton. Rabbi, Simon Segal, 165 Bartlatt.
OLD OBCHABD
Co. Keneseth Israel. Sec, Julius Meyer, 42 Angell, Dorchester, Mass.
FOBTLAKD
Educ. *Fortland Hebrew Free School Building Association. Sec, B. Goffin.
MAEYLAND
BALTIMOBE
Chh. *Daughter8 of Hannah Home for Infants, 1734 E. Baltimore. Sec,
Mrs. Minnie Adler.
Hebrew Home for the Aged Incurables, 117-119 Aisquith. Sec, Jacob
Rab, 4 S. Exeter.
Cl. Adelphi Club, 1820 Madison Av. Sec, Ben Goodman, 1824 Appleton.
Com. Jewish Big Brothers Bureau, 411 W. Fayette. Sec, Morris Oppen-
helmer, 3819 Clifton Av. Affiliated Societies: Hebrew Benevolent
Society : Jewish Educational Alliance ; Prison Chaplain ; Public
School Attendance Department, Hebrew Education Society ; Chizuk
Emunah Congregation.
ZiON. Hagi^lah Zionist Society, 125 Aisquith. Sec, Wm. Chemsky, 428 N.
Bond. B'noth Hagulah.
Metzudath Zion, 220 W. Barre. Sec, Philip Goldberg, 135 W. Lee.
Digitized by
Google
328 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [Massachusetts
MASSACHUSETTS
AMESBTTRY
Bduc. •Hebrew School, Currier St.
BOSTON
Chb. *Sisteri Who Viiit the Sick. Sec, Mrs. Lillian Ludwig.
Cl. *Boitonia Aisociates. Sec, Harry Kagan.
*New Club, Waxna, Russia. Sec, Chas. Lewis.
Com. Conference Board Jewish Women's Organisations of Greater Boston.
Sec, Mrs. Chas. E. Wyzanslsi. Affiliated Societies: Hebrew
Women's Sewing Society ; Jewish Children's Aid ; Mt. Sinai Hos-
pital Auxiliary ; Hebrew Industrial School ; Sisterhood Temple
Israel ; Sisterhood Temple Ohabei Sholom ; Helping Hand Auxiliary
to Home for Jewish Children ; Somerville Ladies' Aid Society ;
Noemi Lodge, No. 11, U. O. T. S. ; Boston Section Council of Jewish
Women ; Jewish Anti-Tuberculosis Society ; Boston Chapter of
Hadassah.
Cg. ♦Zefereth Israel, 484 E. 4th. Sec, A. Levitan. Hebrew Free School.
Educ. Boston Jewish Sabbath Association. Sec, Chas. Hahn, 34 Stanwood.
Jewish Men's Club of Boston, Moreland Hall. Sec, B. L. Gorflnkle,
78 Devonshire.
*Talmud Torah. Sec. A. Gerwitz.
TTnion Park Forum, 67 Washington. Sec, Theresa E. Cohen, 1483
Beacon.
M. B. *Smella Beneficial Association. Sec, Max Zaslofsky.
•TT. P. H. A., Fowler St. Synagogue, Dorchester. Sec, L. Stemman.
ZiON. *Degel. Zion (East Boston). Sec, A. Weinberger.
CHELSEA
Cg. Tzemaoh Tzedek Anshe Lebavitz, 8789 Everett Ay. Org. 1900. Sec,
L. Huberman, 23 Bloomingdale. Rabbi, Meyer Rabinovitz, Walnut
St
DORCHESTER
Cg. •Ahavas Israel, 969 Blue Hill Av. Sec, M. Ellis. Hebrew School.
*Hadrath Kadesh, 1000 Blue Hill Av. Sec, B. Goldstein.
Educ. •Beth Sepher Ivrloh, 29 Greenwood. Sec, M. Miller.
EVERETT
Cl. *Modem Club. Sec, Joseph Cohen.
FITCHBURG
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association, Lincoln Hall. Temp. Chairman,
H. J. Rome, 633 Main.
Young Women's Hebrew Association, 75 Main. Sec, Fanny L.
Eabatchnick, 142 Mechanic
FRAHINGHAM
Eddc. *Young Women's Hebrew Association, Eagle's Hall. Sec, Sadie Segal.
HAVERHILL
ZioN. •Degal Zion Society. Pres., Gold.
Digitized by
Google
Michigan] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 329
LYNN
Chb. Lynn Ohevra Kadisha, Church St. Sec, Phillip Wilson, 51 Shepard.
Cl. Lynn Hebrew Social Club, 3d St. Sec^ Sarah Rothstein, 75 Flint.
ZiON. Tiferes Zion, 14 Locania. Sec, Max Shnider, 21 Prospect.
MALDEN
M. B. ZaikOT TTnterstitzung Verein. Sec, Max Shniderman, 110 Boylston.
MANSFIELD
Co. Affudaa Aohim of Manifleld and Fozboro. Sec, Max Solomon, 50
Allen. Rabbi, Meyer Faber.
NORTHAMPTON
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association. Sec, Barney Carlson, 61 Pleasant.
SOMEBYILLE
Cii. *EssJay Olub.
BFBINOFIELD
Cl. ^Epicureans.
Ezra Club, 148 Main. Org. Oct. 25, 1912. Sec. Harry Quinto, 16
Congress.
Co. Agudath Zion, 131 4th. Org. Mch.. 1913. Sec, J. Gluck. Rabbi,
M. Kovalsky, 38 Grays' Av. Hebrew Free School.
Educ. *Hebrew School, 131 10th.
Young Men's Hebrew Association, Pynchon St. Org. July 28, 1895.
Re-org. May 15, 1913. Sec, P. L. Cohn, 58 Huntington.
Zion. Hatlkvah Club. Org. Feb. 1, 1914. Sec, Matilda E. Farber, 115
Lowell.
WOBTTEN
Chb. *Jewish Young Folks' Association.
WORCESTEB
Chr. ^Hebrew Ladies' Benevolent Society.
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 22 Waverly. Re-org. Sept. 10, 1913.
Sec, Abr. Friedman, 23 Providence. Young Women's Hebrew
Association. Sec, Cora Burwick.
MICHIGAN
BAY CITY
Cl. Young People's Hebrew Association. Sec, Miriam Kramer, 112 S.
Sherman.
DETBOIT
Chb. Jewish "Widows' Aid Society. Sec, Mrs. J. F. Teichner, 102 W.
Euclid Av. Org. as Detroit Ladies' Society for the Support of
Hebrew Widows and Orphans.
GRAND RAPIDS
Zion. Degel Zion. Sec, Noah Armour, 201 Mt. Vernon Av., N. W.
SAGINAW
Cl. Young People's Hebrew Society. Sec, Mary Weinberg, 200 Perkins.
Digitized by
Google
330 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [New Jersey
MINNESOTA
MINNEAPOLIS
Chb. *Hebrew Benevolent Proteotive Association. Sec, M. Rosenthal.
ST. FAXTL
Cl. ♦Jewish Protection Clnb. Chairman, Jacob Goldstein.
Co. Adath Jeshunin, 265 14tb. Sec, S. Wolkoff. 586 Canada. Rabbi,
Hurvltz, 193 13th. Sabbath School.
MISSISSIPPI
INDIANOLA
Co. Brith Sholom. Sec, Joseph Zacharlah. Sabbath School.
MERIDIAN
Cg. Ohel Jacob, 5th St Re-org. Sec, Joe Drabkln, 1703 11th.
MISSOTJEI
ST. JOSEPH
Educ. Junior Assembly. Sec, Leon Schembeck, 2312 Jule.
. ST. LOTTIS
EiDDC. *Religious School TTnion. Pres., J. Back.
SEDALIA
EiDUC. Jewish Educational Society. Sec, J. L. Rosenthal.
MONTANA
BILLINGS
Co. Shari Shomajim. Sec, Maurice Zacks.
NEW HAMPSHIRE
MANCHESTER
Chr. Chase Memorial and Manchester Hebrew Free Loan Association, 1156
Elm. Sec, J. M. Druker, 435 Hanover.
♦Hebrew Free Loan Association. Sec, Striletsky.
ZiON. Light of Zion. Sec, Bella Wolsky, care of Boston FMsh Market.
NASHUA
Educ. Young Women's Hebrew Association, Railroad Sq. Sec, Sarah Myers,
41 Tolles.
NEW JERSEY
ASBURY PARK
Educ. Yoimg Women's Hebrew Association, Mattisan Av., care Y. M. H. A.
Sec. Gertrude Teltlebaum, Bradley Beach, N. J.
Digitized by
Google
New Jersey] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 331
BAYONNE
Kduc. Young Women's Hebrew Association. Org. Dec. 28, 1911. Sec.» Lena
Botvinick, 442 Av. C.
CAMDEN
Co. *Ahav Zedak.
Educ. Young Women's Hebrew Association, 940 Bway. Sec, Florence.
Prisch, 1458 Kenwood Av.
GLEK BIDGE
Co. *Ouardian of the Faith, Bloomfleld near Highland Av. Sec, Jacob
Krohn. Auxiliary. Sec, Rose Ollnger.
HTTDSON CITY
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 102 Sherman Av. Org. Feb. 2,
1914. Sec, Samuel Pesin, 435 Palisade Av. Junior Auxiliary.
Sec, S. Bailyn.
JEBSEY CITY HEIGHTS
Chr. Hudson County Hebrew Orphan Asylum. Temp. Sec, Rose Hotchklss,
486 Grove.
MONTCLAIB
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association of Kew Jersey, Inc., Blvd. Av.,
Glen Ridge. Org. Sept., 1913. Sec, Philip Cohen, 55 Glenwood Av.
KEWABK
Chr. Personal Service Club, 129 Montgomery. Sec, Mrs. Samuel Straus,
56 S. Parkway, Blast Orange, N. J. Affiliated with: United Hebrew
Charities ; Hebrew Ladies' Sewing Society.
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association of Newark, 485 High. Org. 1903.
Re-org. 1914. Sec, Sigmund Kanengieser, 88 Newtx)n. Affiliated
Society: Young Women's Hebrew Association.
PASSAIC
Educ. Hebrew Institute, 93-95 Columbia Av. Sec, D. Warshaw, 220 Passaic
PEBTH AMBOY
Chr. Perth Amboy Free Hebrew Bath Association, Division and Barrack.
Sec. John Margarettan, Park Av. and Barrack. Org. as Hebrew
Ladies' Benevolent Association of Perth Amboy.
BIVEBSIDE
M. ^. Riverside First Hebrew Association.
SOMEBYILLE
Women's Hebrew
Mall
Educ. Yoimg Women's Hebrew Association. Sec, Gertrude Baum, 282 E.
''ain.
TBENTON
Cl. Elysian Club. Sec, Jerome Klinkowstein, 117 E. Hanover.
Digitized by
Google
332 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [New York
NEW YORK
ALBAKT
Chb. ^Hebrew Sheltering Society. Sec, Paul Harrison.
BINOHAMTON
Chr. ^Hebrew Brothers Aid Loan Association.
Cl. * Young Men's Literary Clnh.
BTTFFALO
M. B. Jewish Community Athletic Association, 406 Jefferson. Sec, L. R.
Wolklnd, 1086-88 Bway.
COBNINO
Educ. ^Hebrew Tree School.
ELLEKYILLE
Cg. Ellenville Hebrew Aid Society. Org. 1907. Sec, L. Katz.
Educ. Hebrew Free School. Sec, Rosenberg.
Young Men's Hebrew Association. Sec, Abr. Tepper.
HASTINGS
CG. *B'nai Shaltiel. Pres., Rosenblum.
LIBERTY
Cg. Ahavas Israel, 7 S. Main. Org. Sept. 22, 1912. Sec, David Schloss-
berg, 129 Lake.
NEW YORK CITY
Brcmjklyn and Queens
Chr. 'Association of Brownsville Activities. Formerly Brownsville Jewish
Institute. Hopklnson and Sutter Av. Sec, Anna Golden.
'Brownsville Auxiliary to the Hebrew Home for the Aged of Brooklyn.
Sec, Abr. Rogoff.
'Orthodox Jewish Kosher Kitchen Hospital (Williamsburg). Sec,
Mrs. Horowitz.
'Williamsburg Hebrew Hospital Association, 84 Cook. Sec,
TIetelbaum. Auxiliary. Sec, Mildred P. Strom.
Younff Men's and Women's Social Service Auxiliary of the Brooklsm
Federation of Jewish Charities. Sec, Max Abelman, 732 Flushing
Av.
Cl. 'Allegro Circle. Sec, Helen Schneider.
Maocabaean Club (Brownsville), Hopklnson and Sutter Av. Org.
June 15, 1914. Sec, Abr. Halperhi, 1410 Lincoln PI.
Cg. Beth Jacob. Sec. and Rabbi, Bernard Modell, 276 Reid Av.
•Ohle Moshe (Williamsburg). Pres., Isaac Levin.
Temple Adath Israel, W. oth. Coney Island. Sec, Henry Weiss, W.
2d. Rabbi, Samuel Buchler, 513 Neptune Av. Ladies' Auxiliary.
Sec, Mrs. A. Kalker. Young Folks* League ; Adath Israel Juniors.
Educ. Bedford Young Men's Hebrew Association of Brooklyn, 141 Tompkins
Av. Sec, Abraham Levy, 560A Qulncy.
Jewish Society of Flatbush, Inc. Pres., J. A. Seidman, 651 Mans-
field PI.
'Mishgen Israel Hebrew Free School, Jamaica.
Society of Brookl3m Jewish Institute, 665 WUloughby Av. Sec,
Mollle Bogdish, 227 S. 2d. Junior Society. Sec, Abr. Dannowltz.
Young Men's Hebrew Association (Borough Park), 50th and 14th Av.
Sec. Wm. Epstein, 1568 52d.
M. B. 'Lincoln Mutual Aid Association.
Digitized by
Google
New York] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 333
Mai^hattan and the Beonx
Chb. Beth David Hospital, 1822 Lexington Av. Org. 1907. Sec, David
Trautmann, 26 W. 113th.
Bronx Federation of Jewish Charities Day Nursery, 942 Trinity Av.
Sec, Mrs. B. Lobel. 890 E. 163.
Federated Employment Bureau for Jewish Oltls atid Womea, 60 W*
39tli= Scf.., li' :;e Bommr.*rflcld, 225 E, OSd. AfS^liatel SoHEtita :
Biff Slsti'iy^ (lam de ilJrscb HoDje for Girls, Clara de Hirscb Home
for ImLul^reiit: Gsrla, Coudl'H of .TewUli Women, Ei^ucntlonsil Alll-
aoce. Free Synagogue, Hehrow Orphan Asjium. Hebrew Shelterlog
Guarfllan Asjhimt £iel)rew Tectml^Al Scbool for Glrla, Kehillah,
Eecreatlon Rooms of Spanish and Portuguese SIJ5terboo(L Teoaple
Emanuel Branch Emergency Helief^ United HelJriiW Charities^
YoUD^ Women's Hebrew AB&ocintlon.
•Harriet Aid Booiety. Bee. Mrs, N. Aolster.
Hebrew Natioual Orpian HoDie, ^7 E. 7tb, Org. Dec. 18. 1012, Sec,
Aljr. Mmmnu, 19 W. 18tb. Indies' Au:cLliary ; Young Folks' Auxili-
ary ; Ladies* Lt^ague. Sec, Mrs. 1. Uoldner.
Jewish QitW Welfa^fe Society, Hotel Astor. Org. Oct 2a, 1012.
Sec, Soft a M. Loobingrer, ^2 Edgecombe A v.
National Dii£.L-rLixn Bureau Inc., 350 2d A v. Org. Feb., 1911. Sec,
M. M. Goldstein, 207 W. 110th.
Young Men's Hebrew Orthodox League, 40 W. 115th. Sec, J. E.
Harris. 9 E. 115th.
Com. Harlem Protective Association. Supt., Jacob Goldstein, 44 W. 114th.
Jewish Emancipation Committee, 233 E. Bway. Sec, Joseph Krlm-
sky, 164 Pennsylvania Av., Brooklyn.
Jewish Students' Eeligious "Union, 1347 Lexington Av. Sec, J. Cohen.
C. C. N. Y.
Cg. ♦Temple Zion, 12-16 W. 108th. Sec, B. Kassan.
Educ. Harlem Jewish League, 71 W. 119th. Sec, Beatrice Krant, 10 E.
114th.
National Hebrew School for Girls, 183 Madison. Org. May, 1910.
Sec, Solomon Sugarman, 1420 Stebblns Av. Ladies' Auxiliary;
Young Folks' Auxiliary.
Students' Organization of the Teachers' Institute of the Jewish
Theological Seminary of America, 394 E. Houston. Org. Dec, 1911.
Sec, Wm. J. Berkman, 606 E. 9th.
♦Young Israel League. Sec, J. H. Zurlck.
♦Young Men's Hebrew Association, Stuyvesant PI.
♦Young Men's Hebrew Association (Harlem), 37 W. 119th. Sec, R.
Goldsmith, 9 E. 108th.
ZiON. Harlem Zionist Society, 41 W. 124th. Org. Nov. 19, 1912. Sec,
Miriam P. Cohn, 267 W. 114th.
"University Zionist Society of New York. Temp. Sec, Alvin T. Shapin-
sky, 135 Bway.
Zion Commonwealth, Inc., 44 E. 23d. Sec, Sylvan Roblson, 550
Riverside Drive.
CLEAN
Co. Bnal Israel. Sec, David Marcus. RabUl, Abram Schiff, W. Green St.
PEEKSKILL
Educ. ♦Talmud Torah. Prin., L. M. Weinberg.
BOCEVILLE CENTEB
Co. B'nai Sholaum of Bockvllle Center, Windsor and Center Av. Org.
1903. Be-org. ApL, 1913. Sec, A. Mintz.
Digitized by
Google
334 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [Ohio
SABATOOA 8PBINOS
Cg. Shaare Teillla, Bway. Org. Nov. 10, 1910. Sec, B. Bellin, Marvin St.
Rabbi, S. Shofer.
SYBACITSE
Bduc. Jewish Communal Home, 224 Cedar. Sec, Ray Rosenberg, 615 Madi-
son.
UTICA
ZiON. Lmaan Zion. Org. Oct. 1, 1912. Sec, Rev. S. Manchester, 8 Bway.
NOETH CAROLINA
ASHEVUXE
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association, Sondley Hall. Sec, E. J. Londow,
164 S. Liberty.
OHIO
CINCINNATI
Cl. Jewish Settlement Volunteer Workers' Association, 415 Clinton. Sec,
Mrs. Eli Winkler, Forest Av.
Co. Friday Evening Religions Service Organisation (Down Town), Odd
Fellows' Temple, 7th and Elm. Sec, Clara LIchtensteln. 711 Rich-
mond. Rabbi, Edw. L. Israel, Clifton Av.
Educ. Radical Literary Center of Cincinnati, 0. Org. May 1, 1910. Sec,
D. Kasson, 410 Clinton.
M. B. United Roumanian Hebrew Association, 122 W. 5th. Org. Jan. 1,
1909. Sec, J. Graller, 1330 Central Av.
CLEVELAND
Cl. Aberdeen Clnb, Educational Alliance. Sec, Harry Levey, 5119 Julia
Av.
*Assoraho Clnb. Sec, I. Komlnsky.
•Commonwealth Club. Sec^ J. Zieve. Org. as Carnation Club.
Greek Letter Society, K. R. T., J. 0. A. Org. July, 1911. Sec,
Louis Gawronsky, 3721 Scovill Av.
Jewish Men's Association of Cleveland. Sec, Phllmore J. Haber,
333 Society for Savings Bldg.
*Judeas Club, Talmud Torah Hall. Sec, Mrs. M. Kolinsky.
Lawyers' Club of Cleveland. Sec, B. H. Schwartz, 605 Society for
Savings Bldg.
Litdra Club, 322 Quimby Bldg. Org. Oct. 21, 1913. Sec, Hattle
Grlngler, 3786 E. 71st, R. E.
Modem Club. Sec, H. A. Jafifee, 5904 Outhwalte Av.
•Premier Club. Sec, Max Kohrman.
Com. ^Council of Cleveland Rabbis. Sec, Jacob Klein.
Educ. *Young Men's Hebrew Association. Sec, A. W. Halman.
*Young Women's Hebrew Association. Sec, Mary Bergman.
DAYTON
Cl. •Jewish Girls' Welfare Club, Wyoming St. Sec, Leah Thai.
Cg. Ohave Zion. Org. 1904. Sec, Ben Duberstein, 530 Wayne Av.
Educ. Talmud Torah Society. Sec, Joseph Kohn. 633 Wyoming.
MIDDLETOWN
Educ. ^Sunday School.
NORWOOD
Co. Sons of Abraham, 2112 Sherman Av. Sec, D. Davis. Carthage near
Feldman Av. Ladles* Auxiliary.
Digitized by
Google
Pennsylvania] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 335
BTETTBENYILLE
Educ. *Nortliside Beligious School. Sec, Mrs. Albert Brill, 1514 Lingo.
Young Folks' Hebrew Association, S. 5th St Org. Oct. 13, 1913. Sec,
H. A. Lav6ne, 303 S. 4th.
OKLAHOMA
HAHTSHOBNE
Cg. Hartshome Jewish Congregation. Sec, Leo Goldberg. School.
TTTLBA
Cg. ♦Temple of Israel, Commercial Rooms.
WILBUETON
Co. Wilburton Jewish Congregation. Sec, Wm. I. Baer. School.
OREGON
POBTLAND
Chb. *8onth Portland Benevolent Association.
Educ. Jymwa Club (formerly Jewish Young Men's and Women's Associa-
tion), B'nai B'rith Bldg. Org. 1911. Sec, Anna Matin, 341
Weidler.
Portland Free Hebrew School. Re-org. Sec, N. Director. 2d and
Wood.
PENNSYLVANIA
Educ. Federated Young Men's Hebrew Associations of Western Pennsyl-
vania, Pittsburgh, Pa. Sec, Harry Goldfarb, East Pittsburgh, Pa.
Affiliated: Young Men's Hebrew Associations of Braddock, Du-
quesne. Homestead, McKeesport. New Kensington and Pittsburgh.
Jewish Beligious School Teachers^ Association of Western Pennsyl-
vania. Sec, Mrs. Joseph Ziskind, 322 S. Penna. Av., Greensburg,
Pa.
ALIQUIPPA
Cg. Beth Jacob. Sec, H. Bamett. School. Supt., Harry Selkovitz.
ALLENTOWN
Chb. *Young Men's Hebrew Aid and Benevolent Society.
BEAVEB FALLS
Cg. Agndas Aohim. School. Pres., A. Broida. Supt., Meyer Berkman.
BBABDOCK
Educ. Yonng Men's Hebrew Association, 725 Talbolt Av. Org. Feb. 2, 1913.
Sec, George Cohen, 1017 North Av. Affiliated : Young Women's
Hebrew Association.
BBOWNBVILLE
Cg. Ohev Israel. Sec, Morris Seligman. School. Supt, H. L. Beck.
CALIFOBNIA
Cg. Sons of Jacob. Org. Sept. 1, 1913. Sec, H. L. Levy. Rabbi, Baron.
Daughters of Jacob.
Digitized by
Google
336 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [Pennsylvania
GHABLESOI
Educ. Charleroi Sabbath School. Sec, N. Greenberg.
CHESTEB
Cem. *Ahavath Israel.
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 208 W. 3d. Sec, Morris Schwartz,
500 W. 3d.
COATESVILLE
Educ. ♦Hebrew Free School. Y. M. H. A.
CONNELLSVILLE
Chb. *Jewish Ladies' Aid Society. Sec, Mrs. Sol. Rosenfield.
FAHBELL
Educ. ♦School. Supt., Mrs. Edw. Wise.
HARRISBUBO
Chr. Harrisburg Hebrew Belief Association. Re-org. 1909. Sec, Harry
Brenner, 623 Hen.
Educ. *Beligious School. Rabbi, Leon Album. Ladles' Society.
HAZLETON
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association. Org. 1904. Re-org. Sec, W. J.
Moses.
HOMESTEAD
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association. Sec, M. A. Goldman, 326 3d Av.
LAKCABTER
Educ. Lancaster Hebrew School, 407 Chester. Re-org. Sec, Ch. Musnitzky,
303 Green.
LAKSFORD
Educ. Lansford Hebrew Sunday School. Sec, Eva P. Gross, 108 W. Ridge.
Auxiliary: Ladies' Aid Society.
LATBOBE
Bduc. *School.
Young Hebrews' Association, Beth Israel Synagogue. Sec, Ida Bigg,
512 Brinkcr A v.
LEHIOHTON
Educ. Hebrew Sunday School. Sec, Cella Castor, S. 1st St
MOUNT PLEASANT
Educ. ^School. Supt., Julius Beckhauser.
NEW CASTLE
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 19^^ E. Washington. Org. Nov.,
1913. Sec, Nathan Fischer, 15 E. Reynolds.
NEW EENSINOTON
Chb. ^Hebrew Ladies' Aid Society of the Allegheny Valley. Sec, Mrs. N.
Nathanson.
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association. Sec, I. G. Miller, 964 5th Av.
Digitized by
Google
Tennessee] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 337
PHILADELPHIA
Cl. Profcenlnm Club, 1512 Chestnut. Sec, Stanley A. Goldsmith. 1609
Diamond.
West Philadelphia Hebrew Association, 5730 Haverford Av. Org.
Oct. 28. 1913. Sec. Adele Katze. 4945 Locust.
Com. Levantine Jews Society of Philadelphia. Sec, H. S. Levy, 1424 N.
15th.
IflDUC. South West Philadelphia Hebrew Sunday School Association, 80th
and Harley Av. Prin., A. E. Colcher. Sec, H. N. Radbell, 8221
Tinlcum Av.
ZiON. Z. M. D. C. (Whemlng Zion Club), 1514 S. 6th. Sec, Esther Tracten-
berg, 1813 E. Moyamensing Av.
PITTSBTTBOH
Chr. ^Jewish Home for Babies. Sec, Mrs. S. Snyderman.
Junior Federation of the Jewish Philanthropies of Pittsburgh (Rodef
Shalom Section), 5th and Morewood Avs. Sec, Bertha C. Rauh,
5621 Northumberland Av., E. E.
Cl. ♦J. B. Jays. Sec, Chas. Z. Bronk.
Bduc. *Young Women's Hebrew Association, Irene Kaufman Settlement
Re-org. Sec, Bvalyn Averbach, 3 Hardie Apts., Cable Place.
SOUTH FORK
Educ. ♦School. Auspices of U. A. H. C.
TABEKTUM
Educ. Omri Club, Opera Blk. Org. Feb. 4. 1914. Sec, Alice Slobodsky,
1008 5th Av., New Kensington. Pa. ,
RHODE ISLAND
NEWPOBT
M. B. Jewish Mutual Aid Association, c&re of M. Stoneman. Sec, Harris
Levy.
PROVIDENCE
Chr. ^Providence Hebrew Aid Association.
PAWTUCKET
Educ. *Samuel H. Zucker Hebrew Educational Institute.
SOUTH CAROLINA
FLOBENCE
Educ. Florence Jewish Sunday School, 9 N. McQueen. Org. ApL, 1914. Sec,
Beatrice Dejongh, 213 S. Dargan.
KINOSTBEE
Cg. Kingstree Beform Synagogue. Sec, Harry Riff. Rabbi, Isaac Mar-
cusson, Charleston, S. C.
TENNESSEE
MEMPHIS
Cl. •Jewish National Club. Sec, Levy.
Kduc. Jewish Men's Literary Club. Sec, J. H. Blsno, 163 Poplar Av.
Digitized by
Google
338 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [Washtogton
TEXAS
Edcc. North Texaf Sabbath School AfMOciation. Sec., Rena Crosman.
South Texas Jewish Beligious School Association, Ist Natl. Bank
Bldg., Houston. Or^;. Apl. 18, 1914. Sec, Wm. Nathan, 1905 Bell
Ay., Houston. Rabbi, Henry Bamstein, 2402 Labranch. AHiliated
Societies : Beaumont : Emanuel School : Bryan : School ; Galves-
ton : B'nai Israel School ; Houston : Beth Israel School ; Betb
Sholom School ; Adath Jeshnrun School.
BBEKHAM
ZiON. Hersl Zion Society. Sec, Mary Fink.
COBSICANA
Cl. Jewish Literary Society. Sec, Sadie Cohen, P. O. Box 463.
DALLAS
Educ. *Jewish Education Society. Sec, Eli Moseman. Free School, Alamo
and Cedar Springs.
*Young Women's Hebrew Association. Re-org. Sec, Bessie Gordon.
DYEBSBURO
Co. *Temple of Israel. Sabbath School.
SAN ANTONIO
Cl. ^Mothers of Israel. Sec, Mrs. Max Roseman.
Cg. *Bodfai Sholom.
Ift)uc. Council of Jewish Women's Non-Sectarian Tree Kindergarten, 117
Cactus. Sec, Mrs. Will Frost, 801 Camden.
UTAH
SALT LAKE CITY
Cl. Amity Club. Sec, B. L. Cline, 245 Modern PI.
VIRGINIA
NORFOLK
Educ. Young Men's Hebrew Association, Eagles* Hall, Church St. Sec, L. B.
Greenberg, 14 Lucerne Apts.
WASHINGTON
EVERETT
Cg. House of Israel. Re-org. Sec, A. Miller, 2413 Wetmore.
REPUBLIC
Cg. ♦New Congregation. Rabbi, J. Abramowitz.
SEATTLE
Chr. ♦Hebrew Ladies' Helping Hand Society. Sec, Mrs. S. Molin care
of Molin's Pharmacy, 17th Av. and Yesler Way. *
♦Infants' Aid Society, Settlement House.
Digitized by
Google
West Virginia] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 339
SPOKANE
Chb. *Oemilath Chasodim.
TACOMA
Cl. Young People'i Hebrew Association, 1529 Tacoma Av. Sec, Fannie
A. Friedman, 710 S. 15th.
WEST VIRGINIA
CLAHESBUBO
Educ. B'nai B'rith Sabbath School. Sec, Samuel Edlavitch, Latstetler Bldg.
KIMBALL
Co. *Beth Jacob.
WHEELING
ICduc. Young Men's Hebrew Association, People's Bank. Sec, Samuel Oren-
stein, 1109 Main.
Digitized by
Google
340 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
NEW JEWISH PERIODICALS IN THE
UNITED STATES
1914-1915
[The following list supplements the list of Jewish Periodicals
published in the Amebican Jewish Year Book 5675.
An asterisk (♦) placed before the name of a periodical indicates
that the Editor of the American Jewish Year Book has not been
able to secure a copy of the publication issued during 5675, or
information from its publisher.]
Adath Jeshurun News Letter. Monthly. Philadelphia, Pa.
First issue Nov. 5, 1914.
Organ of Adath Jeshurun Assembly.
Aleph Yodh He Medic. English. Quarterly. Menasha, Wis.
First issue Jan., 1915.
The American Jew. Weekly. St. Louis, Mo. First issue July 31,
1914. Discontinued Mch. 5, 1915.
Backbone. Monthly. Plainfield, N. J. First issue Apl., 1915.
Organ of Y. M. H. A.
Denver Jewish News. Weekly. Denver, Colo. First issue Feb.
26, 1915.
Organ of Central Jewish Council.
East and West. Monthly. New York City. First issue Apl., 1915.
Hadassah. Monthly. New York City. First issue Dec, 1914.
Bulletin published by Hadassah.
Hed ha-Moreh (The Echo of the Teacher). Hebrew. Monthly.
New York City. First issile Feb., 1915.
Jewish Daily Press. Yiddish. Daily. St Louis, Mo. First issue
Jan. 13, 1915.
The Jewish Deaf. Monthly. New York City. First issue Feb.,
1915.
Jewtish Fellowship. Monthly. Dallas, Tex. First issue May,
1915.
Organ of Jewish Fellowship Society.
The Jewish Journal. Weekly. Minneapolis, Minn. First issue
Apl. 10, 1914.
The Jewish Leader. Yiddish. Daily, New York City. First
issue Feb. 11, 1915. Later discontinued.
Digitized by
Google
NEW JEWISH PERIODICALS 341
Jewish Message. Monthly. New York City. First issue Jan. 1,
1915. Discontinued.
The Jewish Weekly. English. Weekly. New York City. First
issue Feb. 11, 1915. Discontinued.
See also Der Tog.
JOUBNAL OF THE ALPHA PhI SiOMA MEDICAL FRATERNITY. Annual.
Chicago, 111. Est. 1913.
Ladies' Garment Worker. English and Yiddish. Monthly. New
York City. Est 1910.
Menorah Journal. Monthly. New York City. First issue Jan.,
1915.
♦ New Jersey Jewish Daily News. Newark, N. J.
The Other Side. English. Occasional. New York City. First
issue Jan., 1915.
Organ of United Hebrew Charities.
♦ Progress. Yiddish and English. Los Angeles, Cal.
Seminary Student's Annual. New York City. First issue 1914.
Organ of Jewish Theological Seminary of America.
Southern Monitor and Texas Jewish Record. Weekly. Fort
Worth, Tex. First issue Nov. 13, 1914.
Temple Journal. Monthly. Wheeling, W. Va. First issue ApL,
1915.
Organ of Eoff Street Temple.
Texas Jewish Herald. Weekly. Houston, Tex. First issue
Nov. 26, 1914.
Est as ** Jewish Herald.'*
♦ Texas Jewish Record. Monthly. Dallas, Tex.
Der Tog. Yiddish. Daily. New York City. First issue Nov. 5,
1914.
See aUo Tho Jewish Weekly.
Union Bulletin. Monthly. Cincinnati, O. First issue as weekly
in 1911; as monthly in 1915.
♦ Volkswachter. Yiddish. Daily. Minneapolis, Minn.
Issued for 10 years as weekly.
♦ Yiddish Press. Weekly. St. Louis, Mo.
Est. as weekly ; temporarily a daily.
Y. M. H. A. News Letter. Monthly. Kansas City, Mo. First issue
Nov., 1914.
Organ of Young Men*s Hebrew Association.
Digitized by
Google
342 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
JEWISH MEMBERS OF THE CONGRESS OF THE
UNITED STATES
PAST
Benjamin, Judah Philip, 1812-1884. Sen. from La., 1853-1861.
Cantok, Jacob A., 1854- . Rep. from N. Y., 1913-1915.
Einstein, Edwin, 1842-1906. Rep. from N. Y., 1879-1881.
Bmebich, Mabtin, 1847- . Rep. from III., 1903-1907.
Fischer, Isbael F., 1858- . Rep. from N. Y., 1895-1899.
Frank, Nathan, 1852- . Rep. frotn Mo., 1889-1891.
GoLDFOGLE, Henby M., 1856- . Rep. from N. Y., 1901-1915.
GoLDziEB, Julius, 1854- . Rep. from III., 1893-1895.
Guggenheim, Simon, 1867- . Sen. from Colo., 1907-1913.
Habt, Emanuel B., 1809-1897. Rep. from N. Y., 1851-1853.
Houseman, Julius, 1832-1891. Rep. from Mich., 1883-1885.
Jonas, Benjamin Fbanklin, 1834-1911. Sen. from La., 1879-1885.
Lessler, Montague, 1869- . Rep. from N. Y., 1902-1903.
Levin, Lewis Chables, 1808-1860. Rep. from Pa., 1845-1851.
Levy, David. See Yulee, David Levy.
Levy, Jefferson Monroe, Rep. from N. Y., 1899-1901, 1911-1915.
LiTTAUEB, Lucius Nathan, 1859- . Rep. from N. Y., 1897-1907.
May, Mitchell, 1871- . Rep. from N. Y., 1899-1901.
Meyeb, Adolph, 1842-1908. Rep. from La., 1891-1908.
MoBSE, Leopold, 1831-1892. Rep. from Mass., 1877-1885, 1887-1889.
Phillips, Henry Myer, 1811-1884. Rep. from Pa., 1857-1859.
Phillips, Philip, 1807-1884. Rep. from Ala., 1853-1855.
Pulitzer, Joseph, 1847-1911. Rep. from N. Y., 1885-1886.
Rayner, Isidor, 1850-1912. Rep. from Md., 1887-1895; Sen. from
Md., 1905-1912.
Simon, Joseph, 1851- . Sen. from Ore., 1898-1903.
Straus, Isidor, 1845-1912. Rep. from N. Y., 1894-1895.
Stbouse, Myeb, 1825-1878. Rep. from Pa., 1863-1867.
Wolf, Habby B., 1880- . Rep. from Md., 1907-1909.
YuLEE, David Levy, 1811-1886. Del. from Fla., 1841-1845; Sen.
from Fla., 1845-1851, 1855-1861.
PRESENT
(Members of the Sixty-Fourth Congress)
Bachbach, Isaac, Republican, Representative, Atlantic City, 1915-
Kahn, Julius, Republican, Representative, San Francisco, 1889-
1902, 1905-
LoNDON, Meyeb, Socialist, Representative, New York City, 1915-
Sabath, Adolph J., Democrat, Representative, Chicago, 1907-
Siegel, Isaac, Republican, Representative, New York City, 1915-
Digitized by
Google
STATISTICS OF JEWS
343
STATISTICS OF JEWS
A. Jewish Population op the World
The table of last year with regard to the general statistics of
Jews of the world is repeated.
The figures for the United States are those for the census year
of 1910, as determined In the memoir on Jewish Population of the
United States given in the American Jewish Year Book for 5675,
pp. 339-378.
According to the revised figures, the total number of Jews of
the world in the census years 1910-1911 was 13,277,542, divided
among continents as follows:
Europe 9,988,197
America 2,500,054
Asia 356,617
Africa 413,259
Australia 19,415
13,277,542
Numbeb of Jews and Pee Cent of Total Population by Countries
CouQtrlea
Year
Total
FopulatJQd
KUROPia
Austria-Hungary
Austria
Hungary
Bosnia-Herzegovina
Belgium
Bulgaria
Crete
Denmark
France
Germany
Greece
Italy
Luxemburg
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Roumania
Russian Empire
Servia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
Cyprus, Gibraltar, Malta
1910
1910
1910
1910
1910
1910
1911
1911
1911
1910
1907
1911
1910
1910
1910
1900
1900
1905
1910
1910
1900
1910
1904
1911
1911
51.100,471
28 < 321,040
20>:;'^OJB7
l,S:iH,
7,-l?:i.
4.S3:.
2.77.3.
39.'rii|.
64.11:^.1.
34,7'."i.
2,31H
5,423; 182
5,956,690
160,000,000
2,911,701
19,588,688
5,186,441
3,741,971
8,000,000
45,369,090
528,000
Jewish
'upulutiati
Per ct.
of Lota]
2,258,262
1,313,687
982,406
12,169
15,000
37,656
487
6,146
100,000
615,021
6,127
43,929
1,270
106,809
1,045
481
269,016
6,060,415
5,729
4,000
3,JM2
19,023
188,900
245,000
1,470
4.42
4.64
4.46
.64
.20
.87
.14
.19
.25
.95
.23
.12
.49
1.79
.04
.01
4.52
3.77
.20
.02
.08
.51
2.38
.56
.24
Digitized by
Google
344
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Number of Jews and Per Cent of Total Population by Countries
(Continued)
Countries
NORTH AMBBIGA
Canada
Cuba
Jamaica
Mexico
United States
SOUTH AMBRIGA
Argentine Republic
Brazil
Dutch Ouiana (Surinam)
Curacao
Peru
Venezuela
Uruguay
ASIA
Aden
Afghanistan
Dutch East Indies (Java, Maduro, etc.)*
Hong Kong
India
Persia ,
Palestine .
Year
Total
Population
1911
1910
1911
1911
1910
1911
1900
1910
1910
1896
1894
1910
1911
1905
1911
1911
1904
1904
Turkey in Asia (other than Palestine) , 1904
AFRICA
Abyssinia
Algeria
Egypt
Morocco
Tripoli
Tunis
East African Protectorate.
Rhodesia
Union of South Africa
AUSTRALASIA
Australia . . . . .
New Zealand..
1906
1907
1904
1904
1904
1911
1911
1911
1911
1911
7,204,888
2,220,278
881,383
15,063,207
91,972,266
7,171,910
17,318,656
86,283
54,469
4,609,999
2,743,841
1,177,560
46,165
6,900,000
38,000,000
366,145
315,132,537
9,500,000
350,000
20,650,000
5.231,850
11,287,859
5,000,000
530,000
1,928,217
424,000
668,573
5,973,394
4,466,005
1,008,468
Jewish
Population
Perct.
of total
76,681 I
4,000
984
8,972
2,349,764
66,000
8,000
983
670
499
411
150
3,747
18,186
8,605
150
20,980
49,500
1.05
.18
.12
.00
2.50
.76
.02
1.08
1.23
.01
.01
.01
8.12
.31
.02
.04
.01
.62
78,000 I 22.29
177,600 .86
25,000 I
64,645 ;
38,635
110,000
18,660 t
108,000 ,
50 ,
1,500 '
46,769 I
17,287
2,128
1.24
.84
2.20
3.62
6.62
.01
.26
.78
.89
.21
Jews in Russia
(Census, 1905)
European Russia. . 4,406,063 Siberia 40,443
Poland 1,533,716 Central Asia 14,305
Caucasus 65,888
Total 6,060,415
Digitized by
Google
STATISTICS OF JEWS 345
Jews in Bbitish Empibe
(Census, 1911)
Total, 416,474
EUROPE ASIA
Great Britain Aden 3,747
(Estimate) 240,000 India 20,980
Ireland 5,148 Hong Kong and
Cyprus, Gibraltar, Straits Settlement. . 680
Malta 1,470
AMERICA AFRICA
Canada 75,681 Union of South Africa. 46,769
Jamaica 984 Rhodesia 1,500
Trinidad and Barba- East African Protecto-
does 50 rate 50
AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND
Australia 17,287
New Zealand 2,128
Jews in Canada
Province 1891
Alberta 12
British Columbia 277
Manitoba 743
New Brunswick 73
Nova Scotia 31
Ontario 2,501
Prince Edward Island. 1
Quebec 2,703
Saskatchewan 73
Yukon
Northwest Territories
Total 6,414 16,131 75,681
1901
1911
17
1,486
543
1,265
1,514
10,741
395
1,021
449
1,360
5,337
27,015
17
38
7,607
30,648
198
2,066
54
41
Digitized by
Google
346
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
JEWS IN THE UNITED STATES
Cities Having More Than One Thousand Jewish Inhabitants
Cities
1905
Akron, O
Albany, N. Y
Altoona, Pa
Atlanta, Ga
AtlanticCity, N. J...
Baltimore, Md
Bayonne, N. J
Bingbamton, N. Y...
Birmingbam, Ala....
Boston, Mass
Bridgeport, Conn. . . .
Buflfalo, N. Y
Canton, O
Charleston, S. C
Charlestown, W. Va.
Cbelsea, Mass
Chicago, 111
Cincinnati, O
Cleveland, O
Columbus, O
Dallas, Tex
Dayton, O
Denver, Colo
Des Moines, Iowa. . . .
Detroit, Mich
Duluth, Minn
Easton, Pa^
Elizabeth, N. J
Elmira, N. Y
Evansville, Ind
Fall River, Mass
Galveston, Tex
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Harrisburg, Pa
Hartford , Conn
Haverhill, Mass
Hoboken, N. J
Houston, Tex
Indianapolis, Ind . . . .
Jackson, Mich
Jacksonville, Fla....
Jersey City, N. J....
Joliet, 111
Kansas City, Mo
Lancaster, Pa
Lincoln, Nebr
Little Rock, Ark
Los Angeles, Cal
Louisville, Ky
Lowell, Mass
Lynn, Mass
Memphis, Tenn
Milwaukee, Wis
Minneapolis, Minn...
Mobile, Ala
Montgomery, Ala....
Nashville, Tenn
New Bedford, Mass. .
1,000
4,000
1,200
2,000
800
25,000
1,200
I 1,400
45,000
7,000
600
800
142
2,000
80,000
17,500
25,000
1,500
1,200
1,200
4,000
500
8,000
1,000
1907
1,500
8,500
3,500
1,260
40,000
2,500
500
1,500
60,000
3,500
10,000
19101 1912
3,274
*2;u8
27,142
1,200
1,500
800
1,500
1,000
2
550
2,000
200
1,000
2,500
2,300
I 1,500
190
8,000
100,000
25.000
40,000
4,000
4,000
2,600
5,000
3,000
10,000
2,000
200
2,000
1,800
750
7,000
1,000
450
1,250
5,000
900
2,000
2,600
6,500
339
57,072
6,647
111,008
7,737
23,169
1,334
312
6,000
100
5,500
115
225
1,000
2,700
7,000
800
2,500
8,000
5,000
1,000
1,085
1,000
3,172
2,177
1,000
10,000
8,000
1,000
800
1,300
7,000
8,000
1»200
1,500
4,000
10,000
6,000
1,000
1,500
4,000
6,714
3,849
1,000
6,795
8,300
1,160
7,757
8.174
1,200
13,500
10,000
3,500
50,000
10,000
1,500
1,000
60,000
6,000
20,000
1,000
'1 , 1 w)0
3I0OO
fi.ODO
200,000
a3,r)00
eo,n(M>
4,500
15,000
5,600
26,000
2,000
1,500
2,600
1,600
1,000
7,600
1,000
1,500
5,000
2,500
2,500
2,500
5,000
6,000
1,600
2,000
10.000
1,000
8,000
1.400
1,200
1,200
10,000
10.000
1,000
6,000
6,000
15,000
16,000
1.400
1.500
3,700
Digitized by
Google
STATISTICS OP JEWS
347
Cities Having More Than One Thousand Jewish Inhabitants —
Continued
Cities
1905
1907 19101
New Britain, Conn
New Haven, Conn
New London, Coun
New Orleans, La
New Rochelle, N. Y
NewYork, N. Y
Newark, N. J.
Norfolk, Va
Norwich, Conn
Oakland, Cal
Omaha, Nebr
Passaic, N. J
Paterson, N. J
Peoria, 111
Perth Amboy, N. J
Philade Iphia, Pa
Pittsburgh, Pa
Portland, Me
Portland, Ore
Portsmouth, Va
Poughkeepsie, N. Y
Providence, R. I
Quincy, Mass
Reading, Pa
Richmond, Va
Rochester, N. Y
St. Joseph . Mo
St. Louis, Mo
St. Paul, Minn
Salt Lake City, Utah
San Antonio, Tex
San Francisco, Cal
Savannah, Ga
Scranton, Pa
Seattle, Wash
Sheboygan, Wis
Shreveport, La
Sioux City, Iowa
South Bend, Ind
Spokane, Wash
Springfield, Mass
Syracuse, N. Y
Toledo, 0
Trenton, N. J
Troy,N. Y
Waco, Tex
Washington, D. C
Wilkes-Barre, Pa
Wilmington, N. C
Woodbine, N. J
Worcester, Mass
Yonkers, N. Y
Youngstown, O.
200
5,500
400
5,000
672.000
20,000
1,200
125
227
3,300
2,000
6,000
2,000
75,000
15,000
4,000
""75
800
2,500
5,000
1,200
40,000
3,500
500
8,000
250
8,000
250
850,000
30,000
2,000
600
2,000
5,000
3,000
5,000
2,000
1,000
100,000
25,000
1,600
5,000
700
200
10,000
350
10,550
1,237
861,980
38,887
800
17,000
1,500
5,000
3,000
10,000
2,000
40,000
3,500
750
1,800
30,000
3,000
6,000
4,000
2,964
2,500
20,000
2,500
7,500
8,000
975,000
35,000
1,000
2,000
3,000
12,000
6,008
120,124
20,886
2,041
801
9,602
18,870
5,909
5,254
3,151
2,499
700
420
5,000
1,500
8,000
1,800
1,500
2,000
1,000
1,250
1,025
600
800
1,500
10,000
3,000
4,000
1,800
600
5,000
2,000
200
2,100
3,000
3,000
2,000
290
4,285
7,500
1,000
3,000
150,000
35,000
2,000
7,000
2,100
1,000
13,000
1,000
1,500
3,000
12,000
3,000
40,000
6,000
5,000
8,000
25,000
3,000
7,000
4,500
2,000
1,250
1,400
1,200
1,000
3,500
4,046
5,578
5,000
2,000
4,000
1,000
6,000
8,000
2,000
3,000
8,000
4,500
4,500
* From the Census Report of 1910 showing number of persons claiming
Tiddisb as their mother tongue together with their children. The re-
maining figures are estimates of the Jewish Encyclopedia in 1905, the
American Jewish Year Book in 1907, and the Industrial Removal Office
tn 1912.
Digitized by
Google
348 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
B. Jewish Immigration into the United States
The following tables give the main figures relating to the Jew-
ish immigration to the United States from the year 1881 to June
30, 1915. For the earlier years, from 1881 to 1900, the results
are only for the ports of New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore;
from 1899 onwards, the figures are from the results of the Com-
missioner-General of Immigration. In some instances the figures
refer only to the years 1912-1914, continuing those of the Yeab
Book for 5674, pp. 431-436.
Jewish Immigration, 1881-1900, thbough the Ports of New York,
•Philadelphia, and Baltimore
Year Number Year Number
Admitted Admitted
1881-84 74,310 1893 32,943
1885 19,611 1894 22,108
1886 29,658 1895 32,077
1887 27,468 1896 28,118
1888 31,363 1897 20,684
1889 23,962 1898 27,409
1890 34,303 1899 * 16,021
1891 69,139 1900* 49,816
1892 60,325
Total 599,315
The complete statistics of immigration to the United States, as
shown by the Commissioner-Generars reports, are given below
for the period 1899-1915. It will be seen that for this period of
seventeen years Jewish immigration has been approximately 1,500,-
000 amounting to 11 per cent of the total immigration.
*To July. Includes, for Philadelphia, the figures to Nov. 1.
Digitized by
Google
STATISTICS OF JEWS
349
NuMBEB OF Jewish Immigrants and Total Number of Immiobants
Admitted to the United States, 1899-1915
Yeari
Jewish Immi-
All Immi-
Year!
Jewish Immi-
All Immi-
grants
grants
grants
grants
1899
37,415
311,715
1908
108,887
782,870
1900
60,764
448,672
1909
67,661
751,786
1901
58,098
487,918
1910
84,260
1,041,670
1902
67,688
648,743
1911
91,223
878,587
1908
76,203
, 867,046
1912
80,595
838,172
1904
106,236
812,870
1913
101 ,330
1,197,892
1906
129,910
1,026,499
1914
138,051
1,218,480
1906
1907
153,748
149,182
1,100,735
1,285,349
1916
27,263
352,769
Total..
1,512,904
14,041,673
^ Year ending June 30.
Since 1908, the number of aliens leaving the United States is
given as well as the number admitted. It will be observed that for
the eight years the total number of Jews returning is 48,401.
Approximately 8 per cent of the Jews admitted left the United
States. This figure contrasts strikingly with the number of immi-
grants of other nationalities that leave the United States, over 30
per cent
INCBEASE THBOUGH ImMIGBATION TO THE UNITED STATES, 1908-1915
Year!
Number Admitted
Number Departed
Net Iticrease
Jews
Total
Jews
Total
Jews
total
1908
108,387
57,551
84,260
91,223
80,595
101,330
138,051
27,263
782,870
751,786
1,041,570
878,587
838,172
1,197,892
1,218,480
352,769
7,702
6,106
6,689
6,401
7,418
6,697
6,826
1 RA.^
396,073
225,802
202,436
295.666
333,262
308,190
308,838
212,821
95,685
61,446
78,571
84,822
73,177
94,638
131,226
26,700
387,797
1909
626,984
1910
839,134
1911
582,921
1912
604,910
1913
889,702
1914
916.142
1915
139,948
Total 1908-1915
683,660 7.062,126 ! 48,401
2,276,588 . 635,269
4,785,538
^ Year ending June 30.
Digitized by
Google
350
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
The Jewish immigration since 1881 is approximately 1,850,000.
On the basis of the per cent leaving the United States since 1908,
the total number departed during this period would be 150,000,
leaving a net increase through immigration of 1,700,000.
Of interest in connection with the number of inmiigrants ad-
mitted are the data for those rejected on application for admission
and those returned from the United States after admission. The
figures are shown in the table below.
Immigrants Debarred and Deported
Yeari
Number Debarred
Number Deported
Jews
Total
Jews
Total
1899-1910
10,786
1,999
1,064
1,224
2,506
1,352
116,255
22,349
16,057
19,938
33,041
26,155
1,308
209
191
253
317
81
12,177
2,788
1911
1912
2,456
3,461
1913
1914
4,137
1915
2,876
Total, 1899-1915
18,930
233.795
2,367 1 27.895
'
* Year ending June 30.
During a period of seventeen years, the number of Jews rejected
on application for landing was 18,930, or approximately 9 per
cent of the total number of immigrants debarred. This is con-
siderably less than the proportion which Jews form of the total
immigration for the same period — 11 per cent.
For the same period, the number of Jews returned after landing
was 2,357, or 8 per cent of the total number deported. This,
again, is lower than the proportion of Jews in the total im-
migration.
Immigration 1913-1915
During the two years ending June 30, 1915, there were admitted
165,314 Jews. The number departing was 8,389. The net increase
through migration was thus 156,925. The net increase for 1913-
1914 was 131,225, exceeding by over 36,000 that of 1912-1913, and by
over 35,000 that of 1907-1908, the year of largest previous immigra-
tion of Jews. The figures for 1914-1915 betray the influence of the
European war on Jewish as on general immigration.
Digitized by
Google
STATISTICS OF JEWS
351
Below are shown the number of Jewish immigrants for the lead-
ing ports, according to the data supplied by the National Jewish
Immigration Council. They are not the complete figures for the
United States, and should not be compared in detail with the
Government figures.
Jewish Immigbation at Leading Pobts
Yeae Ending June 30, 1914
Ports
New York
Philadelphia
Baltimore
^Boston
'Galveston
Total, five ports
Number of
Immigrants
51,423
6,364
4,090
3,297
1,383
66,557
Jewish Immigration at Leading Ports by Country of Origin
Year Ending June 30, 1914
Countries
Port of
New York
Total, five
ports
Russia
38,064
9,272
1,394
12,693
52,182
9,860
1,639
2,886
Austria* Hungary
Koumania '
Other
Total
51,423
66,557
^For New York, the other countries of origin given by a considerable
number of immigrants are : United Kingdom, 690 ; Germany, 298 : Turkey
In Asia, 469; Turkey in Europe, 420; other Balkan countries (Bulgaria,
10; Greece, 217; Servla. 37), 264; France, 81; South America, 61; Union
of South Africa, 20, and Belgium, 44.
Complete data for the 1914-1915 immigration are not yet avail-
able. The significant facts descriptive of the immigrants, the
countries of origin, and their distribution in the United States, are
here reproduced for 1913-1914.
Digitized by
Google
352
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Immigrants Admitted to the United States and Departing
therefrom by countries, 1914 ♦
Countries
Number Admitted
Number Departing
Net Increase
Origin or destination
Jews
Alllmmi-
grants
Jews
All Immi-
grants
Jews
All Immi-
grants
Austria
16,865
6,099
186
803
1,127
2,646
102,638
1,408
8.614
1601
184,881
143,821
5,763
9,296
35,734
4,032
265,660
8,199
78,417
2388,138
1,324
267
8
81
64
94
4,174
67
247
819
85,013
89,987
1,149
2,927
6,186
348
47,461
2,528
13,606
109,161
14,031
4,842
177
722
1,073
2,552
98,464
1,341
8,367
582
99.818
103,384
4,614
Hungary
Belfidum •
France ,
6,369
30,698
3,684
208,209
6,671
59,812
278,98?
German Empire
Roumania
Russian Empire
Turkey in Europe
United Kingdom
Other Europe
Total Europe
133,476
1,058,391
6,825
267,295
127,161
801,096
Turkey in Asia
Other Asia
844
*33
21,716
612,667
11
•1
2,243
3,199
838
82
19,473
9,358
Total Asia
877
84,273
12
6,442
866
28,881
Africa
299
87
2,559
19
27
721
83
88
1,539
1,836
86,189
1,622
14,614
5,869
14,451
246
44
8
810
2
1
124
5
196
715
81,818
487
1,724
1,876
4,237
68
265
84
26
597
28
3
1,843
591
Australia^
British N. America...
Central America
Mexico
64,821
1,186
12,890
4,493
10,214
178
South America
West Indies
Other Countries
Grand Total
138,051
1,218,480
6,826
808,838
181,226
915,142
• Year ending Jnne 30.
• Bulgaria, Servia, and Montenegro, 57 ; Denmark, 112 ; Greece, 137 ;
Italy, 19 ; Netherlands, 55 ; Norway, 13 ; Portugal, 1 ; Spain, 1 ; Sweden,
101 ; Switzerland, 97 ; other Europe, 8.
» Countries specified in Note 1.
• Bulgaria, Servia, and Montenegro, 1 : Denmark, 1 ; Greece, 4 ; Italy, 6 ;
Netherlands, 4 ; Sweden, 2 ; Switzerland, 2.
• China, 7 ; Japan, 3 ; India, 6 ; other Asia, 17.
8 Countries specified in Note 4.
• China, 1.
^ Includes New Zealand and Tasmania.
8 Pacific Islands not specified, 1.
Digitized by
Google
STATISTICS OF JEWS
363
IMMIGBANTS ADMITTED TO THE UNITED STATES AND DePABTINO
THEBEFBOM BY STATES, 1914
States
Destination or
Departure
Alabama
California
Colorado
Connecticut
District of Columbia,
Georgia
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan ,
Minnesota
Missouri
Nebraska
New Jersey 1....
New York
Ohio
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Tennessee
Texas
Virginia
Washington
Wisconsin
0>ther states and
not specified
Total
Number Admitted
Jews
127
681
230
2,084
840
208
10,469
453
756
112
160
204
2,448
7,761
2.283
1,637
1,896
397
6,014
78,576
3,520
188
14,486
614
240
1,038
199
268
1,141
138,051
All Immi-
grants
1,450
32,089
4,493
33,192
1,913
778
106,811
14,727
9,307
944
2,268
7,278
8,944
93,200
49,639
22,232
18,781
5,056
62,495
344,663
74,615
6.547
184,438
12,569
846
14,639
1,959
20,061
20,660
1,218,480
Number Departing
Jews
5
16
3
31
14
7
318
12
13
2
7
1
31
159
60
13
119
5,081
82
4
877
12
6
86
4
17
21
6,826
All Immi-
grants
277
8,049
1,079
7,671
405
121
23,637
4,544
1,469
178
531
673
1,818
16,988
10,809
3,402
2,744
520
18,988
76,017
16,472
907
56,217
2,821
108
927
880
2,638
4,731
46,882
308,338
Net Increase
Jews
667
131,226
All Imml-
grants
122
1,178
665
24,040
227
8,414
2,053
25,621
826
1,508
201
667
10,151
82,174
441
10,188
748
7,838
110
766
168
1,787
208
6,606
2,417
7,631
7,592
77,217
2,178
38,880
1,624
18,830
1,816
11,037
888
4,586
4,896
48,612
78,544
268,646
8,438
58,148
184
4,640
14,108
129,221
602
9,748
284
788
1,002
13,712
196
1,629
241
17,428
1,120
16,929
28,004
915,142
* Ariz., 3 ; Ark., 37 ; Del., 112 : Pla., 49 ; Hawaii, 1 ; Idaho, 1 ; Kana.. 70;
WclB«„ 87; Mont, 31; Nev., 8; N. H., 81; N. Mex., 6; N. C., 33; N. bak.,
99 ; Okla., 66 ; P. R., 1 ; S. C, 55 ; S. Dak., 16 ; Utah, 21 ; Vt, 54 ; W. Va.,
69; Wyo.. 4.
a Del., 2 ; Kans., 1 ; N. H., 11 ; N. Dak.. 1 ; S. C, 3 ; Vt.. 3 ; W. Va., 4 ;
Wye, 3 ; not specified, 308.
Other significant details respecting the immigrants admitted are
shown below.
Sex of Immigrants Admitted, 1914
Sex Jews All
Male 74,905 798,747
Female 63,146 419,733
Total 138,051 1,218,480
Digitized by
Google
354
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
AoE OF Immigbants Admitted, 1914
Jews All
Under 14 30,113 158,621
14-44 98,236 981,692
45 and over 9,702 78.167
Total 138,051 1,218,480
The larger percentage of women and children among Jewish
immigrants is indicative of the permanent and family character of
this immigration, an aspect which is emphasized further ^y the
low percentage of Jewish immigrants departing from the United
States.
C. Jewish Immigration into Canada
For a period of thirteen years beginning July 1, 1900, the Jewish
immigration to Canada was 61,384. The immigration during the
past fiscal year, ending March 31, 1913, was 7,387.
Below are shown the yearly figures. It will be observed that
during this period the Jewish immigration has amounted to ap-
proximately 10 per cent of the immigration from all countries ex-
clusive of the United States and the United Kingdom, but less than
2 per cent of the total immigration.
NuMBEB OF Jewish Immigrants and Total Number of Immigrants
ADMriTED TO Canada
Year*
Jewish Immi-
grants
Total Conti-
nental Immi-
grants, etc.2
All Immigrants
1901
2,765
1,015
2.066
3,727
7,715
7,127
6,584
7,712
1,636
3,182
5,146
5,322
7,387
19,352
23,732
37,099
34,786
37.364
44.472
34,217
83,975
34,175
45,206
66,620
82,406
112.881
49,149
67,379
128,364
130,331
146,266
189,064
124,667
262 469
1902
190S
1904
1905
1906 ;
1907 8
1908
1909
146,908
208,794
311,084
354,237
1910
1911
1912
1913 >.
402,432
Total
61,884
656,285
2,521,144
1 Fiscal year ended June 80 for 1900-1906 ; thereafter March 31.
> Excluding immigration from the United States and the United Kingdom.
* Nine months ended March 31.
Digitized by
Google
STATISTICS OP JEWS 355
For the twelve months corresponding to the United States fiscal
year, July 1, 1912, to June 30, 1913, the total immigration to Canada
was 437,292. The immigrants from countries other than the
United States and the United Kingdom numbered 141,700. In-
cluded among these immigrants are 8,290 Jews, approximately
6 per cent of the immigration from Continental Europe, etc., but
less than 2 per cent of the total immigration.
13
Digitized by
Google
356 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
EIGHTH ANNUAL REPOET OF THE AMERICAN
JEWISH COMMITTEE
NOYEMBEB 8, 1914
OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVE COMMITTEF
PBESIDENT
LOUIS MARSHALL, New York, N. Y.
VICE-PRESIDENTS
JULIAN W. MACK, Chicago, 111.
JACOB H. HOLLANDER, Baltimore, Md.
TBEASUBEB
ISAAC W. BERNHEIM, Louisville, Ky.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
CYRUS ADLER, Philadelphia, Pa.
HARRY CUTLER, Providence, R. I.
SAMUEL DORF, New York, N. Y.
J. L. MAGNES, New York, N. Y.
JULIUS ROSENWALD, Chicago, 111.
JACOB H. SCHIFF. New York, N. Y.
ISADOR SOBEL, Erie, Pa.
OSCAR S. STRAUS, New York, N. Y.
CYRUS L. SULZBERGER, New York, N. Y.
MAYER SULZBERGER, Philadelphia, Pa.
A. LEO WEIL, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Assistant Secretary
HARRY SCHNEIDERMAN, 356 Second Avenue, N. Y. C.
MEMBERS AND DISTRICTS
Dist. I: Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina. 4
members: Leonard Haas, Atlanta, Ga. (1917); Ceasar Cone,
Greensboro, N. C. (1916) ; Montague Triest, Charleston, S. C.
(1918).
Dist II: Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee. 3 members: Otto
Marx, Birmingham, Ala. (1918); Julius Lemkowitz, Natchez,
Miss. (1915) ; Nathan Cohn, Nashville, Tenn. (1918).
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OP AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 357
Dist III: Arizona, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas,
5 members: Leon M. Jacobs, Phoenix, Ariz. (1917); Maurice
Stern, New Orleans, La. (1919) ; J. H. Stolper, Muskogee, Okla.
(1916) ; Isaac H. Kempner, Galveston, Tex. (1916).
Dist IV: Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri. 5 members:
Morris M. Cohn, Little Rock, Ark. (1919); David S. Lehman,
Denver, Colo. (1916); C. D. Spivak, Denver, Colo. (1918).
Dist V: California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washing-
ton. 7 members: Max C. Sloss, San Francisco, Cal. (1916);
Harris Weinstock, Sacramento, Cal. (1917) ; Ben Selling, Port-
land, Ore. (1917).
Dist VI: Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska,
North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Wyoming. 9 members:
Henry M. Butzel, Detroit, Mich. (1919); Emanuel Cohen, Min-
neapolis, Minn. (1915); Victor Rosewater, Omaha, Neb. (1919);
Max Landauer, Milwaukee, Wis. (1917).
Dist VII: Illinois. 8 members: A. G. Becker (1918) ; Edwin G.
Foreman (1919); M. E. Greenebaum (1918); B. Horwich (1917);
Julian W. Mack (1918); Julius Rosen wald (1915); Joseph Stolz
(1919), Chicago, 111.; W. B. Woolner, Peoria, 111. (1916).
Dist VIII: Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, West Virginia. 6 mem-
bers: Louis Newberger, Indianapolis, Ind. (1915) ; Isaac W. Bern-
heim, Louisville, Ky. (1917) ; J. Walter Freiberg, Cincinnati, O.
(1916); David Philipson, Cincinnati, 0. (1919); E. M. Baker,
Cleveland, O. (1918); Louis Horkheimer, Wheeling, W. Va. (1915).
Dist IX: City of Philadelphia. 6 members: Cjrrus Adler
(1918); Ephraim Lederer (1917); B. L. Levlnthal (1915); Louis
E. Levy (1919); M. Rosenbaum (1915) ; Mayer Sulzberger (1918).
Dist X: Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia.
5 members: Charles Van Leer, Seaford, Del. (1919) ; Fulton
Brylawski, Washington, D. C. (1915); Harry Friedenwald, Bal-
timore, Md. (1915) ; Jacob H. Hollander, Baltimore, Md. (1915) ;
Henry S. Hutzler, Richmond, Va. (1917).
Dist XI: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
Rhode Island, Vermont. 6 members: Isaac M. Ullman, New
Haven, Conn. (1916); Lee M. Friedman, Boston, Mass. (1917);
Harry Cutler, Providence, R. I. (1916).
Dist XII: New York City. 25 members: Joseph Barondess
(1916); Louis Borgenicht (1916); Samuel Dorf (1916); Harry
Fischel (1917); William Fischman (1917); Israel Friedlaender
(1916); Moses Ginsberg (1917); Samuel I. Hyman (1915); Leon
Kamaiky (1917); Philip Klein (1916); Adolph Lewisohn (1915);
J. L. Magnes (1915); M. Z. Margolies (1915); Louis Marshall
(1917); H. Pereira MendeS'(1915) ; Solomon Neumann (1915);
Leon Sanders (1917); Jacob H. Schiff (1916); Bernard Semel
(1916); P. A. Siegelstein (1915); Joseph SUverman (1917); S. M.
Digitized by
Google
358 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Stroock (1916); Cyrus L. Sulzberger (1917); Isidor U^te^be^g
(1916) ; Felix M. Warburg (1915).
Dist. XIII: New York (exclusive of the City). 3 members:
Simon Fleischmann, Buffalo (1915); Benjamin M. Marcus, Glean
(1916); Abram J. Katz, Rochester (1918).
Dist. XIV: New Jersey and Pennsylvania (exclusive of Phila-
delphia). 4 members: Joseph Goetz, Newark, N. J. (1919);
Isaac W. Frank, Pittsburgh, Pa. (1917) ; Isador Sobel, Erie, Pa.
(1916) ; A. Leo Weil, Pittsburgh, Pa. (1919) .
Members at Large: Herman Bernstein (1915) ; Nathan Bijur
(1915); Lee K Frankel (1915); Herbert Friedenwald (1915),
Samuel C. Lamport (1915), Oscar S. Straus (1915), New York
City; Moses R. Walter, Baltimore, Md. (1915) ; Albert D. Lasker,
CJhicago, 111. (1915); Felix Frankfurter, Cambridge, Mass. (1915).
EIGHTH ANNUAL MEETING
November 8, 1914
The Eighth Annual Meeting of the American Jewish Committee
was held at the Hotel Astor, New York City, on Sunday, November
8, 1914. Louis Marshall, Esq., presided, and the following members
were present: Cyrus Adler, Isaac "9^. Bemheim, Herman Bern-
stein, Nathan Bijur, Fulton Brylawski, Ceasar Cone, Harry Cutler,
Samuel Dorf, Harry Fischel, William Fischman, Isaac W. Frank,
Lee K. Frankel, Israel Friedlaender, Harry Friedenwald, Joseph
Goetz, Leonard Haas, Jacob H. Hollander, B. Horwich, Samuel
I. Hyman, Leon Kamaiky, Nathan Lamport, Samuel C. Lamport,
David S. Lehman, B. L. Levlnthal, Julian W. Mack, Judah L.
Magnes, H. Pereira Mendes, Solomon Neumann, David Philipson,
Julius Rosenwald, Leon Sanders, Jacob H. Schiff, Bernard Semel,
P. A. Siegelstein, Joseph Silverman, Joseph Stolz, Cyrus L. Sulz-
berger, Mayer Sulzberger, Isaac M. Ullman, Charles Van Leer,
Moses R. Walter, Felix M. Warburg, and A. Leo Weil.
Regrets at their inability to attend were received from: Joseph
Barondess, Alfred G. Becker, Henry M. Bntzel, Emanuel Cohen,
Morris M. Cohn, Edwin G. Foreman, Felix Frankfurter, J. Walter
Freiberg, Herbert Friedenwald, Lee M. Friedman, Wm. B. Hacken-
burg, Henry, S. Hutzler, Abram J. Katz, Isaac H. Kempner, Max
Landauer, Ephraim Lederer, BenJ. M. Marcus, Otto Marx, Louis
Newberger, Victor Rosewater, Ben Selling, Max C. Sloss, Maurice
Stern, Montague Triest, and W. B. Woolner.
The President appointed the following Committee on Nomina-
tions: Isaac W. Frank, Leonard Haas, and Moses R. Walter; and
the following Committee on Auditing the Accounts of the Treas-
urer: Ceasar Cone, Samuel I. Hyman, and Samuel Dorf.
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OP AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 359
The Executive Committee presented the following report:
To the Members of the American Jewish Committee:
Your Executive Committee hegs to make the following report
for the fiscal ye^r just ended:
The eighth year of the existence of the American Jewish Com-
mittee would have been happily devoid of incidents of unusual
importance for Jewry, had it not been for the sudden and un-
expected outbreak of the gigantic struggle now raging in Europe.
In common with all the world, the Jews of America deeply deplore
these shocking conditions. When one considers how the Jews
in the stricken lands are vitally affected, the tragedy becomes
one of personal concern to every member of our faith. More than
half of the Jews of the world inhabit those parts of Russia and
Austria-Hungary, which lie in the center of the eastern theater
of war. They must inevitably undergo tiie very extremity of
privation and suffering.
Among the earliest victims of the war were the Jews of Pales-
tine. The greater part of them are d^endent, wholly or in part,
upon the benevolence of their co-religionists in Europe and Amer-
ica. The great majority consists of Russians and Galicians, who in
their declining years relied on the contributions of their relatives.
With the outbreak of the war, all the normal channels of communi-
cation were abruptly closed. Even had this interruption not
occurred, the economic paralysis which suddenly crippled Euro-
pean commerce, occasioning complete stagnation of business in the
Russian Pale and in Galicia, would have made it impossible
for the Jews of Eurc^e to continue to afford material assistance.
Toward the end of August, your Committee received urgent
cablegrams from the Hon. Henry Morgenthau, the United States
Ambassador to Turkey, stating that the Jews of Palestine were
facing a terrible crisis, that destruction threatened the thriving
colonies, that at least the sum of fifty thousand dollars was
immediately required to relieve the situation, which was described
as really pitiable, and that a responsible committee, headed by
Dr. Arthur Ruppin, had prepared a plan for the establishment of a
loan fund for the relief of the distress caused by the war.
At a meeting held on August 31, 1914, your Committee, after
a thorough discussion of the situation, resolved that the exigency
warranted the appropriation of a substantial sum from the
Emergency Trust Fund. Upon the generous offer of Mr. Jacob H.
Schiff to contribute one-fourth of the fifty thousand dollars
required, the Committee voted a contribution of twenty-five thou-
sand dollars, and invited the Federation of American Zionists to
contribute the further sum of twelve thousand five hundred dollars
Digitized by
Google
360 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
to complete the sum required. That organization promptly re-
sponded, turning over the required sum to the Committee.
Owing to the closing of the usual avenues of exchange, your
Committee would have been unable to send these funds so urgently
needed, had it not been for the courtesy of the officers of the Stand-
ard Oil Company, who authorized their Constantinople representa-
tive, out of funds collected by him there, to transfer the equivalent
of fifty thousand dollars to Mr. Morgenthau, the Committee repay-
ing the Company here the amount of the advances. Subsequently
the Committee received from the Federation of American Zionists,
the Jewish Agricultural Experiment Station, the Hadassah
Society, Mr. Nathan Straus, and other individuals and organiza-
tions the additional sum of $52,405, which has been transferred
by the same agency to Mr. Morgenthau, who has been enabled to
forward the entire amount to its intended destination for distri-
bution for the purposes designated. The Standard Oil Company
charged no exchange or premium whatsoever to carry over the
amount, directing its representative to transfer to Mr. Morgen-
thau the mint value of the money paid over by the Committee.
Ambassador Morgenthau has kept the Committee informed of
the situation of our brethren in the Turkish Empire. At the
suggestion of the Committee, he enlisted the co-operation of Dr.
Arthur Ruppin, Mr. Aaron Aaronsohn, and Mr. Ephraim Cohn
in administering the funds received, and at his request, his son-in-
law, Mr. Maurice Wertheim, proceeded to Palestine to assist in the
work. Following is a letter which the Committee has received
from Mr. Wertheim, describing the condition of our brethren in
Palestine and outlining the plan adopted by the local committee
for the distribution of the relief fund:
Constantinople, October 21, 1914.
Messrs. Jacob H, Bohiff, Louis MarahaZl, Nathan Straus, and Members of
the American Jewish Committee, New York City.
Gentlemen : Upon the request of Ambassador Morgenthau, I have spent
the past month in Palestine investigating the exact condition of the Jewish
community in that country, and supervising, as far as I could, the dis-
tribution of your fund of fifty thousand dollars.
I brought the money personally to Palestine on board the U. S. cruiser
" North Carolina,*' and I might say at the outset that the relief sent so
promptly by American Jews and carried on an American warship produced
a tremendous impression throughout all Palestine, and has, I think, done
a great deal for the prestige of the Jews in Palestine.
Enclosed please find " Plan of Distribution *' as finally arranged. In
evolving this, I was guided by the essential thought of your various cable-
grams which I took to be that, while the money should be placed wherever
it would afford the greatest relief, preference should be giv^i to its use
in a productive manner that would bear results beyond the mere distribu-
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OP AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 361
tion of bread and money. I found, of course, that it was necessary to be
guided by actual conditions, and these were as follows :
I. COLONIES
The colonists themselves did not stand in actual need of assistance, as
they are largely men of certain means and can help themselves. Further-
more, they are able to obtain their bank deposits in the following manner :
the Anglo-Palestine Bank, with whom most of the Jews in Palestine do
business through their various branches in JafPa, Jerusalem, Haifa, Safed,
and Tiberias, etc., are registering or certifying for their depositor's checks
down to the smallest denominations. These checks are made payable to
the drawer, endorsed by him, and the registration stamp of the bank is
equivalent to a notice that the check will be cashed by the bank after the
moratorium. With these checks the colonists are able to supply their
immediate needs and harvest their crops. (However, as these checks circu-
late only very slightly outside of the Jewish community and not at all
outside of Palestine, their ultimate value is limited.)
The only pressing requirement of the colonists was to exchange some of
these checks for gold in order to pay Government taxes and military
exoneration fees, and this was arranged.
Further than this, the two great needs of the Jewish colonies, generally
speaking, were : (a) to take care of Jewish laborers thrown out of em-
ployment by existing conditions, and (b) to secure new markets for their
products to take the place of those that had been affected by the war.
I might say in passing that Mr. Abraham Bril, the representative of
Baron E. de Rothschild in Judean colonies, categorically refused to allow
any of the colonists in the Rothschild colonies to accept direct financial
assistance.
As you will note by the enclosed " Plan," sixty per cent of the money
allotted to the colonies is to be devoted to the employment of Jewish
laborers. This is all the more necessary as an emigration from the
colonies of Jewish laborers, who had been brought there with so much
difficulty, would next year not only deprive the colonists of necessary
skilled help, but might mean the further introduction of non-Jewish help
into the colonies. The general conditions of this arrangement are to be
found on page 3 of the "Plan." The payment of the laborers in food,
charged at cost price, will mean lower labor cost to the colonists, and the
ability to borrow on such easy terms will undoubtedly lead to the re-
employment of a great many of the unemployed class.
It will only be in cases where the colonists are unwilling to borrow even
on these easy terms to pay their help, that the laborers will be employed
on public works, such as streets, roads, sowers, etc., and paid by the fund.
There are about 2500 Jewish laborers in the colonies. It is impossible
to determine the exact percentage of unemployed amongst them, but even
if we assume that only half of them are out of employment, it is easily
seen that the amount of money we were able to divert to this purpose will
not go very far. I might say he^e that in dividing the fund amongst the
various districts in Palestine, we allotted to the colonies a somewhat larger
proportion than their population justified.
The opening up of new markets for Palestinian agricultural products
(oranges, wine, and almonds, are the chief articles of export) is probably
the most pressing need of the colonist movement in Palestine. Colonists
feel that the chief market for the oranges, which in the past has been
Digitized by
Google
362 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
England, will be greatly interfered with, and if they are not able to dispose
successfully of their products, their entire future and very existence will
be threatened. At my suggestion a Palestinian representative has been
sent to America and is carrying letters of introduction from Ambassador
Morgenthau. To my mind, assistance of this kind is the very best that
American .Tews can render to the Palestine colonial movement.
. II. CITIES
The situation in the larger centers of population is very bad. Almost
no currency enters the country and foreign checks that do find their way
there are not realizable. This naturally places in great want those who
depend on the " Chalukha " contributions and also the large class who de-
pend on money sent by relatives. Furthermore, the industries of manu-
facture of antiques and souvenirs are completely stopped, owing to want
of customers, and there is no money to conduct industries such as building,
carpentering, tailoring, and shoe-making, in which large numbers of Jews
are employed. I found that the better class of Jews had themselves
organized temporary relief, but their possibilities of assistance are rapidly
drawing to a close. People who had, a few weeks before my visit, con-
tributed to the maintenance of soup kitchens, stood in need themselves
upon my arrival. One Jewish hospital had already closed when I came,
and other institutions were about to do so. As the " Plan '* indicates, I
did not feel that our fund justified the support of any schools, and the
only institutions that were assisted with actual money were medical Insti-
tutions whose continued existence is even more important than usual at
a time like this. Other Institutions, such as homes for orphans, for the
aged, etc., whose occupants were threatened with starvation, are to receive
from the Committee only food, since we felt in no position to pay salaries
to their officials. The misery amongst the very poor class, such as the
Yemenites, Moroccan Jews, etc., beggars description. Nothing short of
actual charity and distribution of food could be of use to them. This
applies of course also to old men of other classes and their families who
were without means of support and out of reach of foreign help. For this
reason, while we endeavored to use our money as far as possible In a pro-
ductive manner, we organized soup kitchens in addition to those that were
already running through private means, and arranged for the free dis-
tribution of food to a great number of families, formerly well-to-do, who,
I became convinced, would have preferred to starve than attend those
kitchens.
An easy way of assistance would have been to have used part of the fund
to make loans on a great number of uncashable checks which people had in
their possession, particularly in Jerusalem. But I did not feel our fund
warranted the use of so large a part of our capital as this would necessi-
tate. As, however, this loaning could be done in a very safe manner, it
was practically agreed before I left that the Anglo-Palestine Bank would
put at our disposal a necessary credit in their checks ; that we would make
loans with these and reimburse the bank after we had collected our
security, making good whatever loss there may be which I am quite sure
will be very small. This will consequently enable the fond to extend
assistance to an amount larger than its actual capital.
The food situation in Palestine was precarious, for while prices had not
risen to any large extent, yet the source of supply was limited. The intro-
duction of wheat from the East of the Jordan had been prohibited by the
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 363
.GoTernment (which restriction through the efforts of the Ambassador we
have endeavored to have lifted). In order to guard against possible
shortage of food and also in order to offer food at the cheapest possible
price, our Committee will purchase from time to time as large quantities
of food as it can, have bread baked itself, and will sell same at cost, or
possibly a little less. I succeeded in making arrangements with the
various governors of the provinces to have these food depots and store-
houses safeguarded from governmental requisition.
As the " Plan *' indicates, it is our intention to give no free assistance
to those who are able to work, and have consequently arranged to advance
for employers, wages to their regular employees in the shape of food
wherever employment will be established. As an example of the effect
of this, the building industry in Jerusalem, in which large numbers of
Jews are employed, was entirely stopped when I arrived, and it was
positively asserted upon my leaving that this arrangement would mean
its immediate resumption. Naturally a large number of employers will
be unwilling even to make this arrangement, particularly in Jerusalem,
and for such employees labor on public works was arranged. In Jerusalem,
canalization (sewer building), a most vitally necessary improvement, had
been stopped, and the mayor of Jerusalem assured me that any money
we pay to men whom we employ on this work will be returned to us after
the moratorium, and that he would give us the obligation of the city for
the amount so expended in wages.
I wish to state that I found it an extremely difficult matter to arrange
the distribution of this fund in a harmonious manner. I shall be glad to
enlarge upon these difficulties upon my return about December 5, but I
am pleased to say that after considerable effort, it became possible to har-
monize the varying interests, superficially at least, in a manner that I
think will guarantee a non-partisan and peaceful distribution of the fund.
Since, however, this was accomplished with so much difficulty and the
result rests largely upon the individuals forming our Committee who are
thus influenced, I consider it of the highest importance that any further
relief fund, wherever raised in America and by whatever party, should be
distributed by this same Central Committee and the sub-committees organ-
ized under it.
Very sincerely yours,
(Signed) Maurice Webthbim.
Plan of Distbibution of Relief Fund sent by Amebican Jewish
Committee
Palestine is to be divided Into three districts as follows :
I. City of Jerusalem, Hebron, and Motza.
II. Jaffa and colonies of Judaea.
III. Haifa, Safed, Tiberias, and colonies of Upper Galilee, Lower Galilee,
and Samaria.
The money is to be divided as follows :
District I. Forty-seven per cent.
District II. Twenty-six per cent, divided between Jaffa (fourteen per
cent) and Judaea colonies (twelve per cent).
District III. Twenty-seven per cent, divided between Haifa (three and
one-half per cent), Safed (eight per cent), Tiberias (five and one-half per
cent), Upper Galilee, Lower Galilee, and Samaria colonies together, ten per
cent.
Digitized by
Google
364 AMERrcAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
The distribution in each district Is to be particularly watched oyer by
one member of the General Committee as follows:
District I. Mr. Bphraim Cohn.
District II. Dr. Arthur Ruppin.
District III. Mr. Aaron Aaronsobn.
ITie General Committee is to appoint subHiommittees to handle the dis-
tribution of the funds in each one of the nine sub-dlylsions. Bach General
Committee member shall be chairman of the sub-committee of the city
in which he resides, and may act either as chairman of the other sub-corn-
mittees In his district or as honorary chairman thereof, appointing a per-
son to act for him. In case of absence or illness a General Committee
member may appoint a person to act for him.
In each district center, viz., Jerusalem, Jaffa, and Haifa, the money Is
to be placed as closed depdt in the An^rlo-Palestine Bank in the name of the
General Committee member there residing; he shall from time to time, as
money is required, place necessary amounts to an open account in his name,
as American Relief Agent, obtaining an agreement from the bank to pay
him in the same coin on demand as he pays in, and placing the remainder
of the money in a new closed depOt in the bank.
The money shall be spent by the committees in the manner they deem
best, hut only in accordance with the general principles laid down below
and with the further proviso that any proposed expenditure of the com-
mittee may be vetoed by the chairman, in his discretion. In such cases,
however, the majority of the committee shall have the right to appeal to
the General Committee for final decision.
The general principles according to which the American Jewish Com-
mittee desires the money spent are as follows :
I. Twenty per cent shall be invested as capital in operating food stores
selling staple foodstuffs at cost. It is hoped that with the help of the
bank, food for three or four times the amount so set aside can be pur-
chased on credit.
II. Forty per cent (In the colonies twenty per cent) for free distribution
of food to those unable to earn their living and who are in want, through
the media of soup kitchens, the sending of foods to such as would prefer
to starve rather than attend soup kitchens, the sending of foodstuffs to
inmates of Institutions who would otherwise starve (such as homes for
the aged, orphanages, etc.), and the distribution of food to Moslems to such
an amount as the committees may deem advisable.
III. Forty per cent (which in the colonies is to be sixty per cent) for
making loans to iDdividual employers or public committees for the employ-
ment of Jewish labor, taking guarantees secured, wherever possible, by
pledges of stock in trade from the employers, to the effect that the amounts
loaned shall be repaid at least six months after the moratorium is declared
off. It is recommended that these loans be in the shape, wherever possible,
of tickets on the food stores (thus allowing for a larger initial purchase of
food), applicants shall be carefully Investigated to make sure that the loan
will really be used to employ Jewish labor ; naturally, if a man closes his
■hop he is to receive no further advances. In special instances where it is
necessary for employers to buy material in order to keep their help occupied,
money may be advanced for this purpose on proper security to reliable
men. In cases where workmen show that their regular employers are not
willing to borrow from the committee in order to employ them, the corn-
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 365
inlttee shall seek to employ them on public works, endeavoring, in all possible
cases, to receive a municipality or community guarantee; but not more
than twenty-five per cent (in the colonies fifty per cent) of this Class III
money shall be so expended. In Jerusalem ten per cent of the Class III
money may. If necessary, be loaned to medical institutions (not schools)
on condition of repayment six months after the moratorium is declared off.
Thus there should remain, at that time, fifty per cent of the fund (plus
whatever is collected from the public guarantees). The explanation of
this figure is as follows :
The twenty per cent for the food stores will remain, and of the Class
III money there will remain seventy-five per cent of forty per cent in the
cities, and fifty per cent of sixty per cent in the colonies, which together
form thirty per cent of the total fund, and this, with the capital of the
food stores, makes fifty per cent of the total. It is also expected that a
good deal of money, if not all, should be received in addition from the public
guarantees. This money shall, at that time, be placed in closed depOt by
the Greneral Committee and disposition requested from the American Jewish
Committee.
The General Committee members shall endeavor to have the Anglo-Pales-
tine Bank place at their Committee's disposal a suitable credit with which
it may loan on foreign checks and other articles of value, not now readily
realizable. If this is impossible, the committees are authorized to devote
to such purpose such proportion of Class III money as they may deem wise.
General Committee members are to render to Chairman Ruppin, every
fortnight, reports of the progress of the work and render accounts to
Chairman Ruppin every month. He shall render accounts and reports
monthly to Louis Marshall, New York.
General Committee members are to send to the American Consul in their
district a list of every food storehouse or food store established by this
fund immediately after its establishment, as arrangements have been per-
fected whereby this notice will secure protection of the stores from the
Turkish authorities.
It is obvious that the amounts thus far forwarded will afford
only temporary relief, and that so long as the European War
continues the present economic distress in Toirkey and Palestine
will persist and doubtless increase. Our duty is not, however,
confined to come to the assistance of the unfortunate Jews of
Turkey, but the great body of Jews of Russia, Belgium, Austria-
Hungary, and of other affected lands where for weeks past has
occurred the most destructive warfare known to history, stand
in grievous need, and must of necessity look to us for assistance.
They are doomed to suffer from the violence, pillage, and incen-
diarism which are the inevitable concomitants of a war on so large
a scale. Hundreds of thousands of them are in the ranks. Many
have been killed, leaving destitute widows, children, and other
dependents. Disease, famine, and pestilence are sure to follow.
It is altogether likely that as soon as they can communicate
with this country, numerous Jewish communities now unable to
make their woes known will appeal to their brethren in America
to help them repair the ravages of war. We have already received
Digitized by
Google
366 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
an appeal of this nature from the community of Antwerp. The
condition of our brethren there was so critical that the Committee
has forwarded five thousand dollars for their immediate relief.
The Alliance Israelite Universelle and the Anglo-Jewish Asso-
ciation have also turned to us to assist them in looking after
the thousands of immigrants who at the outbreak of the war were
on their way to America and who were unable to continue their
journey across the Atlantic because of the interruption in trans-
portation.
The Israelitische Allianz of Vienna has also forwarded us an
urgent appeal to assist the Jews of Galicia who have fled to
Vienna, Prague, Budapest, and other cities for refuge.
To meet these crying needs your Committee has appropriated
out of its Emergency Fund the further sum of one hundred thou-
sand dollars.
Surveying the situation, the further conclusion was reached that
an exigency has arisen to deal with which requires the united
effort of all American Jewry. After careful consideration it was
decided to issue a call for the establishment of a general relief
fund. The text of the call follows:
B*ELLow Jews :
The stupendous conflict which is now raging on the European continent
is a calamity, the extent of which transcends imagination. While all man-
kind is directly or indirectly involved in the consequences, the burden of
suffering and of destitution rests with especial weight upon our brethren
in Eastern Europe. The embattled armies are spreading havoc and desola-
tion within the Jewish Pale of Settlement in Russia, and the Jews of
Galicia and East Prussia dwell in the very heart of the war zone. Hundreds
of thousands of Jews are In the contending armies. Fully one-half of all
the Jews of the world live In the regions where active hostilities are in
progress. The Jews of Palestine, who have largely depended on Europe
for assistance, have been literally cut olf from their sources of supply;
while the Jews of Germany, Belgium, France, and England are struggling
with burdens of their own.
In this exigency, it is evident that the Jews of America must again
come to the rescue. They must assume the duty of giving relief com-
mensurate with the existing needs. They must be prepared to make
sacrifices, and to proceed systematically in collecting and distributing a
fund which will, so far as possible, alleviate this extraordinary distress.
There is probably no parallel in history to the present status of the Jews.
Unity of action is essential to accomplish the best results. There should
be no division in counsel or in sentiment. AH differences should be laid
aside and forgotten. Nothing counts now but harmonious and effective
action.
In order to Initiate such action, you are invited to send three delegates
to a conference, to be held by the various national Jewish organizations,
to whom similar invitations are simultaneously extended, at Temple
Emanu-El, corner of 43d Street and Fifth Avenue, in the City of New
York, on Sunday, October 25, 1914, at three o'clock P. M., to consider the
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 367
organization of a general committee and the formulation of plans to accom-
plish the largest measure of relief, and to deal adequately with the various
phases of the problems presented.
Kindly inform Mr. Herman Bernstein, No. 356 Second Avenue, New York
City, of your acceptance of this invitation, together with the names of
your delegates.
Very truly yours,
The American Jewish Committee,
Louis Marshall,
President.
At this Conference the following organizations were represented:
Agucfas Harabonim New York
Arbeiter Ring New York
Central Committee of Palestine Institutions New York
Central Committee for the Relief of Jews Suffering Through
the War New York
Central Conference of American Rabbis Cincinnati
Commercial Protective League of New York New York
Council of Jewish Communal Institutions New York
Council of Jewish Women New York
Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis New York
Federated Jewish Charities of Boston Boston
Federation of American Zionists New York
Federation of Jewish Organizations, State of New York New York
Federation of Oriental Jews New York
Federation of Roumanian Jews New York
Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society New York
Independent Order Brith Abraham New York
Independent Order Brith Sholem Philadelphia
Independent Order Free Sons of Israel New York
Independent Order Sons of Israel Boston
Industrial Removal Office New York
Intercollegiate Menorah Association New York
Jewish Community of New York New York
Jewish Community of Philadelphia Philadelphia
Jewish National Workers' Alliance New York
Jewish Socialist Labor Party Poale Zion New York
Jewish Socialist-Territorialist Labor Party of America New York
Massachusetts Credit Union Association Boston
Mizrachi New York
National Association of Jewish Social Workers New York
National Conference of Jewish Charities Baltimore
National Federation of Temple Sisterhoods Cincinnati
Order Brith Abraham New York
Order Knights of Zion Chicago
Order Sons of Zion New York
Union of American Hebrew Congregations Cincinnati
Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America New York
Union of Orthodox Rabbis of America New York
United Garment Workers of America New York
United Synagogue of America New York
Digitized by
Google
368 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
The action taken at this gathering, over which Mr. Marshall
presided, and of which Mr. Gyrus L. Sulzberger was elected
Secretary, was briefly as follows:
The Chairman was authorized to appoint a general committee
of five, with power to select a national committee of one hundred
or more members, on which every Jewish organization invited
to the Conference was to be represented by at least one member
of its own choosing, that this general committee was to elect from
its members an EJxecutive Committee of twenty-five, which was
to have direct charge of the collection and distribution of funds.
Accordingly, the Chairman appointed as the committee of selection
Messrs. Oscar S. Straus, Julian W. Mack, Louis D. Brandeis,
Harry Fischel, and Meyer London. Mr. Felix M. Warburg was
elected as the Treasurer of the fund. The Conference also
adopted and authorized the Chairman to issue the following state-
ment on its behalf:
To THB Jews of America :
The unparalleled misfortune which has overwhelmed the world has fallen
with crushing weight upon our brethren. One-half of all Jewry dwells in
the very heart of the conflict. Hundreds of thousands of Jews are fighting
in the ranks of the contending armies. Pire and sword are devastating the
homes of millions of them. Their slender possessions are vanishing. Uni-
versal destitution, famine, and disease confront them, and new griefs
assail those who so often in the past have drained the cup of sorrow. It
is therefore the imperative duty of those whom God has spared from such
affliction to extend the helping hand to those of the house of Israel who
have been so sorely visited, to staunch their wounds, to alleviate their
distress, to supply them with the means of rehabilitation, to solace them
with the sympathetic touch of brotherhood, and to deal adequately with the
various phases of the problems that may arise.
Representatives of the leading national Jewish organizations and of the
important Jewish communities of America have formed a general committee
for the relief of the Jews of the several European nations and of Palestine
who now or may hereafter require aid in direct or in indirect consequences
of the war. All Jews of every shade of thought, irrespective of the land of
their birth, are solemnly admonished to contribute with the utmost gener-
osity to the fund which must be gathered to meet this superlative need.
The committee recognizes the economic distress which now bears heavily
on all. That only emphasizes the obligation of making sacrifices and en-
nobles every gift the more.
The fund collected is to be administered through such agencies as shall,
in the Judgment of the committee, best accomplish an effective and equitable
distribution among those individuals and institutions whom it is sought to
help, without waste or unjust discrimination. So far as it shall prove
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 369
practicable the committee also proposes to receive and transmit funds from
private individuals to their relatives abroad.
Felix M. Warburg has been designated as Treasurer of the fund. Con-
tributions should be sent to him, care of Kuhn, Loeb & Co., New York.
BUSSIA
Shortly after the outbreak of the war a report was widely circu-
lated to the effect that the Russian Government had promised
to grant the Jews of the Empire full civil and political rights
in return for their loyalty and devotion to the Russian standard.
This rumor came close on the heels of another report, according
to which the Czar had promised autonomy to the Poles. Unfortu-
nately, these rumors remain unconfirmed. In the meantime,
we have no evidence of any improvement in the condition of the
Jews.
BOUMANIA
In the fall of 1912, when Roumania mobilized its army for the
invasion of Bulgaria, thousands of Jews eagerly volunteered their
services. At an extraordinary session of Parliament, called ex-
clusively for war measures, Margiloman, then Minister of Finance,
and now leader of the Conservative Party, stated that all those
subjects of Roumania who joined the troops and who thus gave
evidence of their willingness to sacrifice even their lives for
Roumania, would, at the conclusion of the war, be accorded full
civil and political rights. As the war took only the form of a
military demonstration against Bulgaria, the Government and the
press began to qualify and limit the interpretation of the promise
of Margiloman. The anti-Bemitlc press held up its hands in horror
at the suggestion that the Jews should be given rights, and the
promise of the Government became a dead letter with the resig-
nation of the Conservative Ministry and the coming into power
of the Liberal Party.
The Jews of Roumania saw another gleam of hope when a con-
vention was called for the revision of the Constitution. But,
despite the vigorous demands of the Union of Native Born Jews,
the Constituante ignored the Jewish question. The Union held
that Article VII of the Constitution, which provided a procedure
for the naturalization of aliens, did not apply to the Jews, not only
because of the action of the Congress of Berlin, but also because
the Roumanian Government Itself had given them the status of
citizenship without its rights. Aliens are not called upon for
military service — the Jews ara In several industrial laws recently
promulgated, three categories are recognized, namely, Roumanian
Digitized by
Google
370 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
citizens, Roumanian subjects, and aliens. In this way, the Union
of Native Born Jews demonstrated that their rights were being
denied the Jews not only in defiance of the Berlin Treaty, but
also in violation of the Roumanian Constitution. But the ^orts
of the Union were vain, and the Liga Cultura, a Roumanian
Nationalist organization, threatened that if the Union called
another meeting, the League would give the signal for a general
massacre. The present European war has again thrust the Jewish
question in Roumania into the background.
IMMIGBATION
The subject of immigration continues to engage the attention
of your Committee. At our last annual meeting we reported that
the advocates of restriction had reintroduced in Congress a bill
containing the literacy test identical with that vetoed by President
Taft on February 14, 1913. At every stage of its consideration in
Congress your Committee made determined efforts to demonstrate
the inhumanity and unwisdom of this test.
On December 12, 1913, your Committee, together with other
Jewish organizations, was represented at a hearing before the
Committee on Immigration of the House of Representatives, and
expressed vigorously the Committee's opposition to the bill. Rep-
resentatives of your Committee also called upon President Wilson
and laid before him the objections to this obnoxious measure.
At the same time we endeavored to mitigate the harshness of the
literacy test by the insertion of an exemption for immigrants
fleeing from persecution. The exception contained in the bill pro-
vided that:
The following classes of persons shall be exempt from the operation of
the illiteracy test, to wit: All aliens who shall prove to the satisfaction
of the proper immigration ofQcer or to the Secretary of Labor that they
emigrated from the country of which they were last permanent residents
solely for the purpose of escaping religious persecution
It will immediately be observed that such an exemption clause
would be practically of little value. If a refugee from religious
persecution were in part animated by a desire to improve his
condition or to join members of his family already here, it is
doubtful whether he could prove to "the satisfaction of the
proper immigration official or the Secretary of Labor, that he is
seeking admission to the United States solely for the purpose of
escaping religious persecution.''
The attitude of the restrictionists on this subject is plainly
shown by Mr. Prescott Hall, Secretary of the Immigration Restric-
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 371
tion League, who, in his book, " Immigration and Its Effect Upon
the United States," says, on page 20:
Even In the case of Jews It is probable that the numbers fleeing from
actual persecution is relatively small and the bulk of immigration comes
from fear of persecution and to escape the grinding oppression which, how-
ever hard to bear, is not to be confused with the fanatical outbreaks of
slaughter and violence.
Should the administration of the law happen to fall into the
hands of those who share Mr. Hall's view, it is evident that the
proposed clause would be of no avail. The contention is frequently
made that the disabilities suffered by the Jews in these countries
are not because of their religion, but for racial reasons. It would
be a grave misfortune if the law were so phrased as to permit an
interpretation based on such distinctions.
In order, therefore, to safeguard the rights of these Jewish
immigrant refugees so that they may not be excluded by the
arbitrary judgment of immigration officials, your Committee urged
the following phraseology for the exemption clause:
That the following classes of persons shall be exempt from the operation
of the illiteracy test, to wit : All aliens who shall prove to the satisfaction
of the proper Immigration officials or to the Secretary of Labor that they
are seeking admission to the United States, to avoid religious or political
persecution, whether such persecution be evidenced by overt acts or by dis-
criminatory laws or regulations.
The Committee, however, was unable to bring about the adoption
of this amendment in the House of Representatives, and on
February 4, 1914, that body passed the Burnett Bill (H. R. 6060)
as reported by the House Committee by a vote of 252 to 126. The
Senate has not as yet acted on the measure, although it is believed
that it will do so at the coming session.
In the meantime, although the outbreak of the war has prac-
tically cut off immigration, yet the restrictionists are industriously
engaged in circulating statements to the effect that on the termi-
nation of hostilities a great influx of Immigrants is to be expected.
Dr. F. C. Howe, the new Commissioner at Ellis Island, has recently
strongly combated this theory.
JEWISH ORPHAN ASYLUM AT SOFIA
Following the Balkan war. Rev. Dr. M. Ehrenpreis, Chief Rabbi
of Bulgaria, appealed to the Committee to assist the Jews of Bul-
garia in the establishment of an asylum in Sofia for the orphans
of Jews who were killed during the war. In view of the general
Digitized by
Google
I
372 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
situation in Europe, your Committee felt that it could make only a
moderate contribution for this object, and, therefore, appropriated
from the Emergency Trust Fund $2,500.00 to provide an annual
contribution of $500.00 for five years.
RESIGNATION OF THE SECBETABY
It is with great regret that we announce the resignation of Mr.
Herman Bernstein, who, during the past two years, has ably and
efficiently served as the Secretary of the Committee. The assump-
tion of new duties renders the retention by him of his position
impracticable. He leaves his post with the sincere friendship
and the most cordial good wishes of the members of the Committee,
whose labors he has greatly lightened and to whom he has brought
a rare fund of information bearing upon the various subjects to
which the activities of the Committee have been directed. His
uniform courtesy, unflagging industry, and intelligent appreciation
of the problems of Jewry made his administration of the office
memorable.
STATISTICAL BUBEAU
At the last annual meeting your Committee reported that the
establishment of a Statistical Bureau was being planned. We are
now pleased to report that in conjunction with the New York
Foundation, which has generously agreed to assist the Committee
with funds, such a bureau has been established, and has been in
operation since the beginning of the year.
The affairs of the Bureau, of which Dr. Joseph Jacobs is the
Director, are under the supervision of an Advisory Committee
consisting of Cyrus Adler (Chairman), J. L. Magnes, Jacob H.
Hollander, Cjrrus L. Sulzberger, Lee K. Frankel, representing
your Committee, and Felix M. Warburg and David M. Heyman,
representing the New York Foundation. The annual report of the
Director is appended to this report (p. 382).
THE CIVIL BIGHTS LAW
Your Committee has kept close watch for any violations of the
Civil Rights Law adopted by the New York Legislature, 1913.
The Attorney-General of the State has indicated his intention to
prosecute vigorously any offenders against this law. The statute
has, however, been quite generally observed. A number of vio-
lations have been brought to our notice. In every case the terms
of the act have been brought home to the offenders, and they have
uniformly destroyed their illegal letter-heads and folders and
abandoned their advertisements, and conformed to the law.
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 373
THE AMERICAN JEWISH YEAB BOOK
A history of the Beilis case in Russia and an article by Dr. Julius
H. Greenstone on Jewish Education in the United States are two
of the special features of the Amebigan Jewish Yeab Book 5675,
which, according to our agreement with the Jewish Publication
Society of America since 1909, has been prepared in the office of
the Committee. Dr. Joseph Jacobs, the Director of the Statistical
Bureau, has also prepared for the Yeab Book an article on the
Jewish population of the United States, in which, by several vary-
ing methods of computation, he arrives at the conclusion that on
July 1, 1914, there were 2,933,374 Jews in the United States. In
addition to these special features, the Yeab Book contains the
usual lists and directories, and the Seventh Annual Report of the
American Jewish Committee.
FINANCES
This year your Committee put into operation the plan for col-
lecting funds suggested by Mr. A. Leo Weil. The members were
requested to furnish the names of Jews in their districts who might
agree to make contributions to the Committee. Only in District X
(Maryland), however, did this method result in the collection of
the entire quota. In general, out of 779 persons approached, 39
agreed to contribute annually a sum aggregating |5€5.00.
The contributions from the various Districts from all sources
were as follows:
District
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
Quota
Amount Raised ^
$200.00
$139.00
200.00
145.00
200.00
93.00
200.00
68.00
200.00
176.00
200.00
296.00
1,300.00
1,392.00
500.00
215.00
900.09
1,025.00
800.00
328.00
600.00
898.34
5,000.00
4,804.00
600.00
173.00
300.00
451.00
$10,600.00
$9,703.34
^ Including all amounts received up to date of printing.
Digitized by
Google
374 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
A statement of receipts and expenditures for the year follows:
INCOME
Balance on hand, November 1, 1913 $2,346.99
Membership Dues, account 1913 1,126.00
Membership Dues, account 1914 7,991,10
Advanced by Treasurer 250.00
$11,712.09
DISBUBSBMBNTS
New York Office :
Salaries $5,157.02
Books and Periodicals 186.13
Rent 325.00
Postage 328.36
Telephone and Telegraph 249.86
Press Clipping Service 120.00
Stationery and Printing:
Sixth Annual Report $167.50
Seventh Annual Report 282.00
Miscellaneous 263.29
712.79
Sundries 293.06
7,372.22
Bureau of Statistics 2,000.00
American Jewish Year Book :
Subvention to Jewish Publication Society $500.00
Sundries 76.00
576.00
Washington Office 975.00
Legal Expense 234.05
Seventh Annual Meeting 160.50
Traveling Expenses of Members / . . . 164.00
Balance on hand, November 1, 1914 230.32
$11,712.09
Due Treasurer $250.00
Balance on hand 230.32
Deficit $19.68
MEMBERSHIP
In accordance with the resolution of the annual meeting, that
such vacancies as were not filled by the General Committee be
referred to the Executive Committee with power to elect members
to fill the same, your Committee has elected during the past year
the following members:
Louis Horkheimer, Wheeling, W. Va., to fill the vacancy in
District VIII.
Felix Frankfurter, Washington, D. C, to fill the vacancy in Dis-
trict X.
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OP AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 375
Benj. M. Marcus, Olean, N. Y., to fill one of the two vacancies in
District XIII.
The removal of Mr. Frankfurter to Cambridge, Mass., has created
a vacancy in District X. In addition, there are still vacancies to be
filled in the following States of the respective Districts:
District I. Florida.
District III. New Mexico.
District IV. Kansas, Missouri, and another vacancy.
District V. Idaho, Nevada, and Utah.
District VI. Iowa, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and
Wyoming.
District XI. New Hampshire and Vermont.
District XIII. New York (exclusive of New York City) one
vacancy.
Successors to the following members are also to be chosen:
District III. Maurice Stern, New Orleans.
District IV. Morris M. Cohn, Little Rock.
District V. L. N. Rosenbaum (formerly of Seattle) .
District VI. Henry M. Butzel, Detroit; Victor Rosewater.
Omaha.
District VII. Edwin G. Foreman; Joseph Stolz, Chicago.
District VIII. David Philipson, Cincinnati.
District IX. William B. Hackenburg, Philadelphia.
District X. Charles Van Leer, Seaford.
District XIV. Joseph Goetz, Newark; A. Leo Weil, Pittsburgh.
Members at large (elected for one year only) : Nathan Bijur.
Herbert Friedenwald, New York; Moses R. Walter, Baltimore.
Successors are also to be chosen at this meeting to the following
members of the Executive Committee, whose terms expire on Jan-
uary 1, 1915: Isaac W. Bernheim, Samuel Dorf, Julius Rosenwald,
Cyrus L. Sulzberger, and Mayer Sulzberger.
The Committee regrets that the removal of Mr. Lewis N.
Rosenbaum, from Seattle to New York City, has necessitated his
resignation from our Committee, of which he has always been a
very active member.
In District XII the Jewish Community (Kehillah) of New York
City, at its Convention on April 25 and 26, 1914, elected Leon
Sanders and Moses Ginsberg to fill the expired terms of Bernard
Drachman and Meyer Jarmulowsky.
Your Committee nominates the following for Members at Large:
Herman Bernstein, Nathan Bijur, Herbert Friedenwald, and
Oscar S. Straus, of New York; Moses R. Walter, of Baltimore, and
Albert D. Lasker, of Chicago.
Digitized by
Google
376 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
ACTION ON THE REPORT, ETC.
Upon motion the report of the Executive Committee was
received, and the President was authorized to prepare same for
publication.
Upon suggestion of Dr. Adler, the Committee considered seriatim
the various topics treated in the report.
The President announced that at the meeting of the Executive
Committee held on the previous evening, it was unanimously
decided to appropriate $100,000 from the Emergency Trust Fund
as a nucleus for the Relief Fund now being collected by the
American Jewish Relief Committee organized under the auspices
of this Committee.
Dr. Friedlaender recommended that the Committee use its in-
fluence to the end that the Jews of the United States observe the
proclamation of neutrality issued by President Wilson. He held
that the fate of the millions of Jews residing in the belligerent
countries was endangered by injudicious expressions of partisan-
ship.
The Committee also discussed the condition of the Jews in
Palestine, and ways and means for the collection and distribution
of relief funds now being raised.
Mr. Fulton Brylawski, of Washington, D. C, made a brief
statement as to the probability of immigration legislation at the
present session of Congress. He stated that it was very likely
that the Burnett Bill, which was passed by the Senate at the
last session, would be considered by the House of Representatives
at an early date, and that there was every likelihood that it would
be passed by that body. The President stated that the Committee
would continue in its endeavors to prevent the enactment of a
literacy test for immigrants; that, failing this, it would endeavor
to secure amendments which would mitigate the hardships of
such a test, and that finally, if these efforts failed, the Committee
would urge the President to veto the bill.
Elections
The Committee on Nominations made the following report:
OFFICERS
For President: Louis Marshall.
For Vice-Presidents: Julian W. Mack, Jacob H. Hollander.
For Treasurer: Isaac W. Bernheim.
For members of the Executive Committee for three years from
January 1, 1915:
Isaac W. Bernheim Oscar S. Straus
Samuel Dorf Cyrus L. Sulzberger
Julius Rosenwald Mayer Sulzberger
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 377
To fill expired terms:
District III. Maurice Stern, New Orleans, to be re-elected for
term expiring 1919.
District IV. Morris M. Cohn, Little Rock, to be re-elected for
term expiring 1919.
District V. Nathan Eckstein, Seattle, to succeed Lewis N.
Rosenbaum, resigned, foi term expiring 1919.
District VI. Henry M. Butzel, Detroit, and Victor Rosewater,
Omaha, to be re-elected for term expiring 1919.
District VII. Edwin G. Foreman and Joseph Stolz, Chicago, to
be re-elected for term expiring 1919.
District VIII. David Philipson, Cincinnati, to be re-elected for
term expiring 1919.
District IX. Louis E. Levy, Philadelphia, to succeed William B.
Hackenburg, resigned, for term expiring 1919.
District X. Charles Van Leer, Seaford, Del., to be re-elected for
term expiring 1919.
Fulton Brylawski, Washington, D. C, to fill vacancy, term expir-
ing 1915.
District XIV. Joseph Goetz, Newark, and A. Leo Weil, Pitts-
burgh, to be re-elected for term expiring 1919.
At Large. Herman Bernstein, Nathan Bijur, New York; Felix
Frankfurter, Cambridge, Mass.; Herbert Friedenwald, New York;
Albert D. Lasker, Chicago; Oscar S. Straus, New York; Moses R.
Walter, Baltimore.
Lee K. Frankel, representing the National Conference of Jewish
Charities;
Samuel C. Lamport, representing the United Synagogue.
There being no other nominations, the Secretary was requested
to cast one ballot for the nominees of the Committee on Nomina-
tions, which he did, and announced the election of the several
nominees.
The Treasurer's report was read, and the Auditing Committee
reported that it had examined the Treasurer's accounts and had
found them correct
Upon motion the meeting adjourned.
REPORT OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY (KEHILLAH)
OF NEW YORK CITY
Dr. J. L. Magnes, Chairman of the Jewish Community (Kehil-
lah) of New York City, presented the following report:
To the Members of the American Jewish Committee:
The Jewish Community (Kehillah) of New York City, the con-
stituent of the American Jewish Committee in its Twelfth District,
Digitized by
Google
378 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
has the honor to report the following summary of its activities
for the period since the holding of the last annual meeting of the
American Jewish Committee.
The Kehillah is now a corporation under the laws of the State of
New York, having been granted a charter by Act of Legislature
on April 5, 1914. The Fifth Annual Convention of the Kehillah
was held April 25 and 26, 1914. A report of its proceedings was
sent to all of the members of the American Jewish Committee. The
Convention elected the following members to the Executive Com-
mittee of Twenty-five: Harry Fischel, William Fischman, Moses
Ginsberg, Leon Kamalky, Louis Marshall, Leon Sanders, Joseph
Silverman, and Cyrus L. Sulzberger. The following officers were
elected by the Executive Committee at its first meeting: J. L.
Magnes, Chairman; Cyrus L. Sulzberger, Vice-Chairman; William
BMschman, Treasurer; and Leon Sanders, Secretary. The Advisory
Council was abolished by the Convention.
A. EDUCATION
The Bureau of Education, under the direction of Dr. S. Benderly,
continues to demonstrate its unique value for the community,
and is making its influence increasingly felt. It has a Department
of Investigation, Collection, and Attendance, a Text-Book Depart-
ment, and an Extension Department. It conducts three prepara-
tory schools, supervises institutional schools and its affiliated
Talmud Torahs, and co-operates in the training of teachers with
the Teachers' Institute of the Jewish Theological Seminary. Dur-
ing the past year the Bureau has aroused the interest of hundreds
of Jewish high school girls in matters Jewish; these girls have
been organized, and many of them are fitting themselves to become
teachers of Jewish subjects, meantime making themselves help-
ful to the Bureau in a variety of ways. As a result of a tour made
by a representative of the Bureau of Education, the Bureau is In
touch with Jewish schools in forty cities in different parts of the
country. These schools turn to the Bureau for text-books, methods,
and advice.
B. RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATION
1. Vaad Horahhoninij Board of RabMs. At the last Convention
it was resolved to make this Board independent of the Kehillah,
in the belief that the organization of the Orthodox section of the
community would be facilitated by such action.
2. Provisional Synagogues. Three provisional synagogues were
conducted over the recent holidays under the auspices of the
Kehillah.
3. Ohet (Jewish Divorce). A joint committee of the Kehillah,
the Board of Rabbis, and of the National Desertion Bureau has
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OP AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 379
considered the legal problems connected with the issuance of the
Jewish divorce, and is endeavoring to work out a method whereby
the Rabbis may issue the decree of divorce without violating the
law of the country.
4. Milah (Circumcision) . It is planned to constitute a board of
physicians and Rabbis which should certificate ccanpetent Mohelim,
in order that Jewish children may be safeguarded from the dangers
of unhygienic treatment.
5. Mikwehs (Ritual Baths), Investigations of a number of Mik-
wehs has shown them to be a menace to the public health owing to
lack of proper sanitary arrangements. The Kehillah has en-
listed a number of sanitarians and Rabbis to co-operate with the
Department of Health as an advisory committee.
6. Sahhath and Holiday Observance. Diflaculties are constantly
arising in connection with Sabbath observance because Sab-
bath observers are not permitted to carry on their business on
Sunday. It has hitherto been impossible to secure the passage
of a much-needed law to this effect.
The usual efforts have been made to secure leave of absence
from Federal and City Departments, public service corporations,
etc., for Jewish employees over the high holidays. Correspondence
has been had with various colleges and universities in order to
have due note taken of the dates of Jewish holidays when examina-
tions are set.
C. SOCIAL AND PHILANTHROPIC WOEK
1. Committee on Philanthropic Research, The Kehillah is en-
deavoring to constitute a Committee on Philanthropic Research,
which is to serve as a laboratory for the study of philanthropic
needs, and for the assembling of such authoritative information as
would both prevent the founding of unnecessary institutions and
would show what philanthropic needs were at the present time not
dealt with. A careful consideration of the merits of a federation
of charities would be well within the scope of this Committee.
2. Industrial Relations, A Committee on Industrial Relations
has been established within the Kehillah, which has two repre-
sentatives. Dr. Paul Abelson and Dr. Leo Mannheimer, at work.
A new trade agreement has been arranged in the fur industry,
guaranteeing peace for the next two years and a half. A represen-
tative of the Kehillah has acted as Chairman of the Furriers' Con-
ference Committee for the past two years. A tentative agreement
has been drawn up in the men's and youths' clothing trade for
a period of one year, which provides that the terms of a permanent
collective agreement shall be worked out in the course of the
year, and that in the meantime all matters in dispute shall be
brought before the Clothing Trades Commission for adjustment
Digitized by
Google
380 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
3. Employment Bureau, The Employment Bureau handled
4599 indiyidual cases during the year, for whom 4260 positions
were found. The Bureau devotes itself especially to securing em-
ployment for those who are seriously handicapped.
4. Protection of East Side Depositors. Immediately after the
closing of several Bast Side banks by the State Banking Depart-
ment, the Kehlllah formed a Depositors' Protective Committee, to
keep in touch with the State Banking Department, in order that
the depositors might be guided and their interests protected.
5. Welfare Committee. The Welfare Committee organized in
July, 1912, has accomplished large results in dealing with vice and
crime on the Lower East Side. Its unremitting and intensive work
has been done in co-operation with the Police Department and
other city authorities.
6. Oriental Jews. The most Urgent need of the Oriental com-
munity is a Haham Bashl, or Chief Rabbi. The salary of the
Haham Bashl is to be raised by the New York Foundation, the
Baron de Hirsch Fund, the Kehillah, and the Oriental Community.
7. Good Name of Immigrant Peoples. A committee organized by
the Kehillah, which includes representatives of all of the inoimi-
grant peoples in New York City, has secured the suppression
of many objectionable advertisements, moving picture films, and
theatrical performances.
8. Jewish Court of Arbitration. At the present time innumer-
able petty cases are brought before the municipal courts by Jews
and Jewish organizations. In order to decrease the amount of
such litigation, the Kehillah is considering the establishment of
a Court of Arbitration under its own auspices. It will also be
the function of this Court to ensure a measure of justice for persons
who have no redress before a court of law.
Respectfully submitted,
J. L. Maones,
Chairman Executive Committee.
REPORT OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY OF PHILADEIrPHIA
Dr. Cyrus Adler, President of the Jewish Conmiunity of Phila-
delphia, the Executive Council of which elects the Philadelphia
Members of the American Jewish Committee, presented the
following report:
To the Members of the American Jewish Committee:
Gentlemen: The following is a summary of the work of the
Jewish Community of Philadelphia during the year 1913-1914.
The Community is at present composed of 124 organizations.
The fourth annual meeting was held on Sunday, November 1, 1914,
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 381
and a report of the work of the Council was presented under the
following headings:
Board of Conciliation and Arhitratian. At the meeting of the
Executive Council, held on October 30, the following resolution
was adopted:
That the President be authorized and directed to appoint six persons
from among the members of the Executive Council and the delegates at
large who, together with the President of the Community, shall constitute
the Board of Conciliation and Arbitration, with power to form rules and
regulations subject to the approval of the Executive Council.
The Board was appointed, and succeeded in settling out of
court three controversies relating to synagogue matters. The
Community intervened in a threatened strike in the cloak and
suit trade, and by the time gained through this intervention
satisfactory arrangements were made by the parties in interest
which averted the strike.
Education, A Jewish Education Board was formed as a result
of a meeting called by the Education Committee of the Com-
munity. Some preliminary work has been done having for its
object the counteracting of the influence of the missionaries, the
Hebrew Sunday School Society having charge of this work.
Other plans to improve the system of Jewish education in this city
are now under consideration.
Kashrut. Unseemly disputes and public scandals which were
rife when the Board for the Supervision of Kashrut began its work
have been brought to an end. The questions of organization which
were under discussion between the Rabbinical Committee and the
Board have, after conference, been satisfactorily arranged, with a
view to giving both the Board and the Rabbinical Committee a
greater degree of autonomy. The Rabbinical Committee has
under serious consideration the poultry question. Conferences
were had with the abattoir proprietors and wholesale butchers
as a result of which there should be no difficulty in establishing
the authority of the Board and of its Rabbinical Committee; thus
putting under their control the entire supply of kosher meat
originating in or coming into Philadelphia. According to the
President of the Rabbinical Committee, the only difficulty in the
way is lack of funds. A Committee has been appointed to con-
sider ways and means of raising the money.
Sahhath Observance. The Community has secured a list of the
business establishments of the city known to keep the Sabbath,
and copies were sent to various institutions and persons.
Relation with the American Jewish Committee. In accordance
with Article VIII of the Constitution of the Community, the repre-
Digitized by
Google
382 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
sentatives of the American Jewish Committee from Philadelphia
are elected by the E3xecutive Council. Mr. Louis E. Levy was nomi-
nated by the Council for membership in the American Jewish Com-
mittee to succeed Mr. William B. Hackenburg, whose term expires,
and who declined a re-election. The Community was represented
at the general meeting called by the American Jewish Committee
on October 25 for the purpose of taking some action to afford relief
for the Jews affected by the war, and Dr. Cyrus Adler has been
nominated the delegate of the Philadelphia Community on the
Committee of 100. The Community has this year again collected
the quota of Philadelphia.
Respectfully submitted,
Cybus Adleb,
President.
REPORT OP THE STATISTICAL BUREAU
LETTEB OF TRANSMITTAL
November 5, 1914.
Deab Sib: I have the honor to transmit herewith on behalf of
the C(Hnmittee on the Bureau of Jewish Statistics and Research
the first annual report of the Director of the Bureau, which has
been approved by the Committee. I beg that it be brought to the
attention of the Executive Committee, and through them to the
membership of the American Jewish Committee.
In transmitting this report I would point out that in spite of
the fact that it represents not much more than six months of
active labor, the foundations for this Bureau have been very well
laid. The large knowledge on Jewish statistics of the Director
of the Bureau and his experience in such work have rendered it
possible to create a modest organization sufficient for the ordinary
needs of this Committee. Thus, for example, the scattered figures
relating to Jewish immigration in the United States have been
methodically brought together and part of the standing business
of the Bureau will be to keep these up to date and have them
ready for the Committee in any emergency. The Amebican Jewish
Yeab Book will be edited by the Bureau, the publication expenses
being borne by the Jewish Publication Society of America. This
volume has now become the most important public document
annually issued on behalf of the Jews of the United States. Var-
ious philanthropic, educational and communal questions are in
course of investigation, and the Bureau is prepared to take up
special problems from time to time upon any subject within the
range of our investigations. I desire to acknowledge the zeal and
intelligence with which Dr. Jacobs and his assistants have in-
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 383
itiated and carried on the work during the organization period
which is always diflacult.
Respectfully submitted on behalf of the Committee,
Lke K. Frankel,
David M. Heyman,
Jacob H. Hoixandeb,
J. L. Magnes,
Cybus L. Sulzbebgeb,
Felix M. Warburg,
(Signed) Cyrus Abler,
Ghairman.
The Secretary,
The American Jewish Committee,
New York City.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BUREAU OF JEWISH STATISTICS
The Bureau of Jewish Statistics and Research has been in
existence since January 1, 1914. The necessary preliminary work
was undertaken at once, but owing to various circumstances the
Bureau could not be located until March 15 in the room placed
generously at its disposal by the Hebrew Charities Building
Association. For actual work the Bureau has only been in
existence six months. During that period satisfactory progress
has been made along both lines of work with which the Bureau is
concerned.
One of its chief functions is to bring together in accessible form
all the materials relating to the social, religious, and cultural
conditions of the Jews in America, especially those which can be
expressed numerically. In all quarters is found a constant need
for having readily accessible all available figures bearing on the
many aspects of Jewish life with which Jewish philanthropy and
sociology are concerned. In order to effect that object in the most
expeditious way, it was found necessary to make an entirely new
classification of the topics likely to be of use for such inquiries.
This was the first work on which the Bureau was engaged, and has
now been completed. For much help in revising this classification,
thanks are due to Dr. Adler, Dr. Frankel, Dr. Hollander, Mr. Kopf
of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., and Mr. Mattern of The
Johns Hopkins University.
A reference library numbering three hundred and twenty books
and five hundred pamphlets has been collected and catalogued.
A classified index has been prepared of the volumes of the Zeit-
schrift ffir Demographic und Statistik der Juden. This contains
many articles throwing light upon various aspects of the subject.
Digitized by
Google
384 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Annnal reports of philanthropic and other institutions often
contain valuable statistical Information, which, being collected
from the successive volumes, would facilitate investigation into
many communal problems. It was therefore thought desirable
that the Bureau should sum up in convenient tables the statistical
Information taken in this way from the following New York
institutions:
1. United Hebrew Charities.
2. Educational Alliance.
3. Hebrew Sheltering Guardian.
4. Hebrew Orphan Asylum.
5. Home for Aged Jews.
6. Jewish Protectory.
7. Beth Israel Hospital.
8. Young Men's Hebrew Association.
9. Hebrew Free Loan Association.
10. ESmanu-el Sisterhood.
11. Council of Jewish Women.
12. Kehillah.
Work of this kind will be extended to other cities and to national
organizations. The forty reports of the United Hebrew Charities
have been gone through and the information tabulated, and work
is now being done on the reports of the Educational Alliance.
Information contained in other works of a more general character
have also been indexed and duly classified.
The other function of s^ich a Bureau is to assist in Investigating
the statistical aspects of the American Jew, which have not hereto-
fore been adequately treated. The Bureau has fortunately been
able to do much work of this kind even in the short period of its
existence. All the various materials relating to the Jewish popula-
tion of the United States were collected together, and a memoir
prepared by the Director, which has been printed in the American
Jewish Yeab Book for 5675, pages 339-378. It resulted from this
investigation that the present Jewish population of the United
States is nearly three million souls, scattered among sixteen
hundred localities, all of which are enumerated in the memoir.
The determination of this figure was a necessary preliminary to
any satisfactory treatment of any social problems relating to the
whole number of Jews of the United States. For much valuable
criticism and help in preparing this memoir, the Director has to
thank Dr. Adler, Dr. Lee K. BYankel, Mr. David M. Bressler, and
Mr. Philip Cowen.
Material relating to the Jewish Immigration of the United
States was also brought together and classified in tabular form
for ready use. Full and elaborate tables of Jewish Immigration to
the United States are now ready in accessible form at the Bureau,
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 385
and have been brought up to date, supplementing Information
contained in the works of Hersch and Kaplun-Kogan.
One of the most interesting problems to the philanthropic ac-
tivities of the Jews of America is the federation movement It
was thought desirable to collect as much material on this point as
possible, and an elaborate questionnaire was sent to forty-six
federations. Replies have already been received from twenty-
eight, eight of which were not in a position to fill out the question-
naire. The remaining are being communicated with, and mean-
while tabulation is proceeding with the results already obtained.
For suggestions as to manner of carrying out the investigation,
thanks are due to Dr. H. G. Friedman, Mr. Max Abelman of the
Brooklyn Federation, and Mr. Harry Schneiderman.
Similar Investigations are projected as to number of Jewish
children in New York City, employment among Jewish artisans,
proportion of Jewish delinquency, with special reference to the
Big Brother Movement Many exaggerated statements on these
subjects have been given, and it is desirable to have material at
hand for a prompt reply in case of attacks.
The Director, during a vacation tour in Europe, brought the
Bureau in touch with the various London institutions having
similar objects, and especially with the Berlin Bureau ffir St^^tistik
der Juden, which is practically the only other institution of the
kind. This Bureau is, however, more of a publication institution,
and the Director made arrangements for the publication in its
Zeitschrift of any material of general interest collected by this
Bureau. Unfortunately, however, the conditions of war will for
a time prevent this arrangement being nut into effect. Thanks
are due to Dr. Bruno Blau and Mr. J. Segall for courtesy they
extended to the Director during his stay in Berlin.
Much assistance was given by the Bureau in the preparation
of the American Jewish Year Book, the whole of which will be
taken over for the coming year. One of the secretaries assisted
the Banking Commission appointed to investigate the conditions
of the East Side banks.
Although the Bureau has only been in existence so short a time,
it has already become widely known, and many applications have
been made to it for help in various ways. A questionnaire was
issued on behalf of the Council of Young Men's Hebrew and
Kindred Associations. Assistance was given to Mr. Margoshes of
the Bureau of Education, Mr. Joseph Auerbach of the Hebrew
Benevolent Society of Los Angeles, Mr. Joseph Billikopf of Kansas
City, Miss Hugen, lecturer on sociology, and other inquirers.
In connection with the Bureau a Committee has been formed
to investigate certain aspects of Jewish charity in New York City,
on which the Chairman has appointed chairman Mr. Cyrus L.
Digitized by
Google
386 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Sulzberger, Dr. Lee K. Prankel, Mr. Felix M. Warburg, Mr. David
M. Heyman, and Dr. H. G. Friedman.
The Bureau of Jewish Statistics is now sufficiently organized
to undertake any piece of research in connection with the facts
of Jewish life in America. Of course, for an extensive piece <rf
work of this kind, the stafC would have to be enlarged, but the
skeleton is already in existence. All sociological and philan-
thropic work nowadays depends for its sufficiency upon the col-
lection and expert examination of the facts of the case, mainly
in statistical form. The Jewish community of America has now
at its disposal an organization adapted to these purposes.
Respectfully submitted,
(Signed) Joseph Jacobs,
Director.
ACT OF INCORPORATION
Laws of New York. — By Authority
Chapteb 16
An Act to incorporate the American Jewish Committee
Became a law March 16, 1911, with the approval of the Governor. Passed,
three-fifths being present.
The People of the State of New Yorky represented in Senate and
Assembly y do enact as follows:
Section 1. Mayer Sulzberger, Julian W. Mack> Jacob H. Hol-
lander, Julius Rosenwald, Cyrus Adler, Harry Cutler, Samuel
Dorf, Judah L. MagTies, Jacob H. Schiff, Isador Sobel, Cyrus L.
Sulzberger, A. Leo Weil, and Louis Marshall, and their associates
and successors, are hereby constituted a body corporate, in per-
petuity, under the name of the American Jewish Committee; and
by that name shall possess all of the powers which by the general
corporation law are conferred upon corporations, and shall be
capable of taking, holding, and acquiring, by deed, gift, purchase,
bequest, devise, or by judicial order or decree, any estate, real or
personal, in trust or otherwise, which shall be necessary or useful
for the uses and purposes of the corporation, to the amount of
three millions of dollars.
Sec. 2. The objects of this corporation shall be, to prevent the
infraction of the civil and religious rights of Jews, in any part
of the world; to render all lawful assistance and to take appro-
priate remedial action in the event of threatened or actual invasion
or restriction of such rights, or of unfavorable discrimination with
respect thereto; to secure for Jews equality of economic, social,
and educational opportunity; to alleviate the consequences of
persecution and to afford relief from calamities aftecting Jews,
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 387
wherever they may occur; and to compass these ends to administer
any relief fund which shall come into its possession or which may
be received by it, in trust or otherwise, for any of the aforesaid
objects or for purposes comprehended therein.
Sec. 3. The business and affairs of said corporation shall be
conducted by a board of not less than thirteen or more than twenty-
one, to be known as the executive committee, and the persons
named in the first section of this act as incorporators, shall con-
stitute the first executive committee of said corporation. At the
first meeting of said executive committee held after the passage
of this act, the members thereof shall be divided into three classes,
the first of which shall hold office until January first, nineteen
hundred and twelve, the second for one year thereafter, and the
third for two years thereafter, and such members of said executive
committee as may be thereafter added to said committee shall in
like manner be apportioned to said three classes. At the expiration
of the term of any member of the executive committee his successor
shall be elected for the term of three years. All vacancies which
may occur in said committee shall be filled until the ensuing elec-
tion by said committee. An annual election for the members of said
executive committee shall be held at such time and in such manner
as shall be fixed by the by-laws to be adopted by said executive
committee. At all meetings of the executive committee one-third
of said committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction
of business, but no by-law shall be adopted, amended or repealed
without the presence of a majority of the members of said com-
mittee for the time being; provided, however, that the by-laws
with respect to membership in the corporation shall not be altered,
revised or amended except as provided in section four of this act.
Sec. 4. The members of said corporation shall consist of the
persons who shall be designated and chosen for membership by
such method or methods and by such organizations, societies and
nominating bodies as shall be provided in by-laws to be adopted
for that purpose by the executive committee, such by-laws being,
however, subject to alteration, revision or amendment at any
regular meeting of the members of the corporation or at a meeting
called for such purpose; provided that thirty days notice be given
of the proposed change and that such alteration, revision or amend-
ment shall be carried by a majority of at least twenty votes; and
not otherwise.
Sec. 5. This act shall take effect immediately.
BY-LAWS
I. DISTBICT BEFBESENTATION
The members of the Corporation, who for purposes of conveni-
ence shall be known as the General Committee, shall be chosen in
14
Digitized by
Google
388 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
the manner hereinafter provided from the several districts here-
inafter enumerated and described as follows:
District I. North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida.
4 members.
District II. Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi. 3 members.
District III. Louisiana, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma.
5 members.
District IV. Arkansas, Missouri, Kansas, Colorado. 5 members.
District V. California, Washington, Oregon, Utah, Idaho,
Nevada. 7 members.
District VI. Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Montana, Wyoming,
North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Michigan. 9 members.
District VII. Illinois. 8 members.
District VIII. Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, West Virginia. 6
members.
District IX. City of Philadelphia. 6 members.
District X. Maryland, Virginia, Delaware, District of Columbia.
5 members.
District XI. Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts,
Connecticut, Rhode Island, 6 members.
District XII. New York City. 25 members.
District XIII. New York, exclusive of the city. 3 members.
District XIV. Pennsylvania, exclusive of Philadelphia, New
Jersey. 4 members.
Provided, however, that at least one member shall be chosen
from every state of the United States.
n. MEMBERS OF THE GENEBAL COMMITTEE
The General XJommittee, excepting members at large, shall be
divided into five groups by lot, which groups shall hold office for
one, two, three, four, and five years, respectively, their successors
to serve five years.
In District XII, the members of the Executive Committee of the
Jewish Community of New York City, not more than 25 in number,
shall constitute the members of the Committee from that District.
In District IX, the members of the Committee, not more than six
in number, shall be elected by the Executive Council of the Jewish
Community of Philadelphia,
Members whose terms expire shall be succeeded by residents of
the same district, and shall be elected by the Advisory Councils of
the respective districts, or by such method as may hereafter be
adopted by the Committee.
Elections by the Advisory Councils shall be held on or before
October 1 of each year, and the Secretary of the Committee shall
be notified of the results on or before October 15 of each year.
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 389
At the annual meeting, upon nomination by the Executive Com-
mittee, members at large, not exceeding twenty in number, may be
elected, who shall serve for one year, provided that not more than
five shall be elected from any one district.
The Executive Committee is authorized to invite the National
Jewish Fraternal Congress, representing thirteen Jewish fraternal
orders, to elect three of its members to be members at large in the
American Jewish Committee, and the following organizations to
elect one representative each to be members at large in the Ameri-
can Jewish Committee: The Independent Order B'nai B'rith, the
Board of Delegates of the Union of American Hebrew Congrega-
tions, the Union of American Hebrew Congregations, the Union of
Orthodox Congregations, the . Central Conference of American
Rabbis, the Union of Orthodox Rabbis, the National Conference of
Jewish Charities, Federation of American Zionists, and the United
Synagogue of America.
m. OFFICERS
The oflScers of the General Committee shall be a President, two
Vice-Presidents and a Treasurer, selected from among the mem-
bers, and a Secretary who need not be a member of the General
Committee, and who shall be elected by the Executive Committee,
unless otherwise ordered. The oflBcers shall serve for one year or
until their successors are elected.
IV. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
The General Committee shall elect not less than nine nor more
than seventeen members who together with the four officers, to wit,
the President, Vice-Presidents and Treasurer, shall constitute the
Executive Committee, one third of the membership of which shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.
The Executive Committee shall, whenever it shall deem it advis-
able, report its proceedings or such part thereof as it shall deter-
mine to the members of the General Committee by mail, and shall
render a complete report of all matters considered and acted upon,
at the annual meeting of the committee. Special Committees may
be designated by the Executive Committee from the body of the
General Committee, which Special Committees shall report to the
Executive Committee from time to time.
V. MEETINGS
A stated meeting of the General Committee shall be held an-
nually on the second Sunday in November at the City of New York,
unless the Executive Committee in their discretion determine
otherwise. Special meetings shall be called upon the written re-
Digitized by
Google
390 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
quest of twenty-five members of the General Committee or may be
called by the Executive Committee of its own motion. Twenty-one
members shall constitute a quorum of the General Committee.
Regular meetings of the Executive Committee shall be held at
least once every three months. Special meetings of the Executive
Committee may be held at the instance of the chairman or at the
request of three members of that committee.
Notice of special meetings of the General Committee or of the
Executive Committee shall be given by mail or telegraph to the
members, stating as nearly as possible, within the discretion of the
Executive Committee, the purpose for which the meeting is called.
VI. VACANCIES
Vacancies caused by death, disability, or resignation, shall be
filled by the Advisory Council or other elective body of the district
in which the vacancy occurs.
Upon the occurrence of a vacancy the Secretary shall notify the
secretary of the district in which the vacancy exists, and an elec-
tion shall be held by the Advisory Council or other elective body
of such district, within one month from the time of receiving such
notification, and the Secretary shall be promptly notified of the
result.
In default of action by the Advisory Councils, or other elective
bodies, vacancies in the General Committee may be filled at the
annual meeting.
Vn. OFFICES AND AGENCIES
The principal oflSce of the General Committee shall be established
in the City of New York, and other offices and agencies may be
established outside of New York as the General Committee or the
Executive Committee may from time to time deem necessary.
Vin. AMENDMENTS
These By-laws, except as limited by the Charter, shall be subject
to alteration, revision, or amendment at any regular meeting of the
General Committee or at a meeting thereof called for such purpose,
provided that thirty days notice be given of the proposed change,
and that the motion for amendment be carried by a majority of at
least 20 votes.
ADVISORY COUNCIL
I. GENERAL POWERS
1. There shall be organized in each district, in the manner here-
inafter provided, an Advisory Council for the following purposes:
2. To take such action as shall from time to time be expressly
delegated to it by the General or Executive Committees.
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 391
3. To report promptly to the Qeneral or Executive Committees
with respect to any subject that shall be referred to it for infor-
mation or investigation.
4. To consider such matters of Jewish interest as shall be
brought to its attention through any agency, and to make such
recommendations thereon to the General or Executive Committees
as shall be deemed advisable, but in no case to initiate, authorize,
or take any action except as specially thereunto delegated as
hereinbefore provided.
n. MBMBEBSHIP
1. On or before October 1, 1907, the members of the General
Committee from each district shall nominate to the Executive Com-
mittee ten Jewish residents of such district for every member of
the General Committee allotted to said district, and upon con-
firmation of such nominations by the Executive Committee, the
persons so approved, together with the members of the General
Committee from said district, shall constitute the Advisory
Council thereof. Should the Executive Committee reject any
nominee, new nominations shall be submitted for approval until
the membership of the Advisorj'- Council shall be complete. The
General Committee or the Executive Committee may, by resolution
adopted at any meeting, authorize an increase of the membership
of the Advisory Council of any district, in which case the additional
members shall be chosen in the manner hereinbefore provided, or
their election or appointment by such Advisory Council may be
authorized.
2. Upon receiving notice of their selection members of the
Advisory Council of each district shall organize in the manner
designated by the members of the General Committee of each dis-
trict Each Council shall elect a chairman and such other officers
as shall be deemed necessary. The members of said council other
than those who are members of the General Committee shall be
allotted by the Secretary into five groups, who shall hold office for
one, two, three, four, and five years, respectively, and thereafter
elections shall be held annually by the members of the Council to
choose successors to those whose terms shall have expired, for a
term of five years. Meetings of each Council shall be held from
time to time as it shall by rule provide.
3. All vacancies occurring in the membership of the Advisory
Council subsequent to the formation of the original Advisory
Council of each district, shall be filled by election by the Advisory
Council of each district
Digitized by
Google
392 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
m. ELECTION OF MEMBEBS OF GENERAL OOMMITTEB
Vacancies in the General Committee shall be filled by the Ad-
visory Councils of the respective districts.
IV. EXPENSES
The expenses of administration of each Advisory Council shall
be borne by its district
SUSTAINING MEMBERS
District I: Ceasar Cone, Greensboro, N. C, $100.00; Philip S.
Henry, Asheville, S. C, $10.00; Montague Triest, Charleston, S. C,
$10.00.
District II: Federated Jewish Charities, through Nathan Cohn,
Nashville, Tenn., $100.00; Morris Adler, Birmingham, Ala., $25.00.
District III: Isaac Kempner, Galveston, Texas, $50.00.
District IV: David S. Lehman, Denver, Colo., $10.00; William
Stix, St Louis, Mo., $10.00; Aaron Waldheim, St Louis, Mo., $25.00.
District V: A. Feuchtwanger, Spokane, Wash., $10.00; Ben
Selling, Portland, Ore., $100.00.
District VI: Henry Butzel, Detroit, Mich., $50.00; Emanuel
Cohen, Minneapolis, Minn., $50.00; Jewish Charities, Omaha, Nebr.,
$50.00; Max Landauer, Milwaukee, Wis., $50.00; John Baum, Green
Bay, Wis., $10.00; Simon Heller, Milwaukee. Wis., $10.00.
District VII: A. G. Becker, Chicago, 111., $50.00; Chicago Sinai
Cong., Chicago, 111., $250.00; James Davis, Chicago, 111., $25.00;
Louis Eisendrath, Chicago, 111., $25.00; Edwin G. Foreman, Chicago,
111., $50.00; M. E. Greenebaum, Chicago, 111., $50.00; Max Hart,
Chicago, 111., $50.00; B. Horwich, Chicago, 111., $50.00; Harry
Livingston, Chicago, 111., $25.00; Julian W. Mack, Chicago, 111.,
.$15.00; E. F. Meyer, Chicago, 111., $50.00; Julius Rosenwald,
Chicago, 111., $500.00; Charles Shaffner, Chicago, 111., $50.00; W. B.
Woolner, Peoria, 111., $100.00.
District VIII: Oscar Berman, Cincinnati, O., $5.00; Isaac W.
Bernheim, Louisville, Ky., $100.00; M. H. Flarsheim, Louisville,
Ky., $10.00.
District IX: Philadelphia Kehillah, $900.00.
District X: Harry Adler, Baltimore, Md., $10.00; Emil Berliner,
Washington, D. C, $10.00; Mendes Cohen, Baltimore, Md., $25.00;
Sydney M. Cone, Baltimore, Md., $10.00; Isaac Davidson, Baltimore,
Md., $10.00; Abraham Eisenberg, Baltimore, Md., $10.00; Jacob
Epstein, Baltimore, Md., $25.00; Harry Friedenwald, Baltimore,
Md., $5.00; Mrs. Jane Friedenwald, Baltimore, Md., $10.00; Julius
Friedenwald, Baltimore, Md., $10.00; Isaac Hamburger & Son,
Digitized by
Google
REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 393
Baltimore, Md., $10.00; ♦David Hutzler, Baltimore, Md., $25.00;
A. Ray Katz, Baltimore, Md., $10.00; Benno Kohn, Baltimore, Md.,
$15.00; Martha F. Lauer (Mrs. Leon), Baltimore, Md., $10.00; Wil-
liam Levy, Baltimore, Md., $10.00; Henry Sonneborn, Baltimore,
Md., $10.00; Siegmund B. Sonneborn, Baltimore, Md., $10.00;
Charles Van Leer, Seaford, Del., $5.00; Moses R. Walter, Baltimore,
Md., $25.00; Milton F. Westheimer, Baltimore, Md., $10.00; Hiram
Wiesenfeld, Baltimore, Md., $10.00.
District XI: Harry Cutler, Providence, R. I., $166.67; Isaac M.
Ullman, New Haven, Conn., $166.67.
District XII (New York City) : Alex. Alexander, $10.00; Reuben
Arkush, $10.00; Charles L. Bernheim, $5.00; Nathan Bijur, $100.00;
Simon Borg, $100.00; Joseph L. Buttenwieser, $100.00; A. Erlanger,
$10.00; Joseph B. Greenhut, $100.00; Daniel Guggenheim, $1,000.00;
Murry Guggenheim, $100.00; A. M. Heinsheimer, $100.00; Adolph
Lewisohn, $250.00; Louis Marshall, $500.00; Harry Sachs, $100.00;
Samuel Sachs, $100.00; William Saloman, $100.00; Mortimer L.
Schiff, $150.00; Jacob H. Schiff, $1,000.00; Isaac N. Sellgman,
$150.00; Jefferson Sellgman, $100.00; Leopold Stern, $100.00;
Cyrus L. Sulzberger, $100.00; Felix M. Warburg, $150.00; Paul M.
Warburg, $150.00.
District XIII: Isaac Adler, Rochester, N. Y., $10.00; J. J.
Bakrow, Rochester, N. Y., $10.00; L. L. Ettenheimer, Rochester,
N. Y., $10.00; J. L. Garson, Rochester, N. Y., $10.00; Abram J. Katz,
Rochester, N. Y., $25.00; ♦ Max Lowenthal, Rochester, N. Y., $50.00;
Julius M. Wile, Rochester, N. Y., $10.00; Sol. Wile, Rochester,
N. Y., $10.00.
District XIV: H. J. Cohen, New Castle, Pa., $10.00; Isaac W.
Frank, Pittsburgh, Pa., $150.00; Joseph Goetz, Newark, N. J., $25.00;
D. C. Green wald, Bradford, Pa., $5.00; Max Hertz, Newark, N. J.,
$5.00; Joseph H. Rubin, McKeesport, Pa., $10.00; L. Schlesinger,
Newark, N. J., $10.00; A. Leo Weil, Pittsburgh, Pa., $150.00.
♦ Deceased.
Digitized by
Google
Digitized by
Google
REPORT
OF THE
TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAR
OF
THE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
OF AMERICA
1914-191^
Digitized by
Google
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 397
THE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OP
AMEEICA
OFFICERS
PRESIDENT
SIMON MILLER, Philadelphia
FIBST VICE-PRESIDENT
DR. HENRY M. LEIPZIGER, New York
• SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT
HORACE STERN, Philadelphia
TREASURER
HENRY FERNBBRGER, Philadelphia
SECRETARY
BENJAMIN ALEXANDER, Philadelphia
ASSISTANT SECRETARY •
I. GEORGE DOBSEVAGE, Philadelphia
SECRETARY TO THE PUBLICATION COMMITTEE
HENRIETTA SZOLD, New York
TRUSTEES
Db. Cyrus Adler * Philadelphia
Hart Blumenthal * Philadelphia
Charles Eisenman * Cleveland
Henry Fernberger * Philadelphia
Daniel Guggenheim * New York
Joseph Hagedorn * Philadelphia
S. Charles Lamport • New York
Ephraim Lederer * Philadelphia
Dr. Henry M. Leipziger * New York
Simon Mii^er * Philadelphia
Morris Newburqer • New York
Julius Rosenwald • Chicago
Siomund B. Sonneborn * Baltimore
Horace Stern • Philadelphia
Samuel Strauss • New York
Hon. Seligman J. Strauss ' Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
Cyrus L. Sulzberger * New York
Hon. Mayer Sulzberger * Philadelphia
* Term expires In 1916. * Tarm expires in 1917. * Term expires in 1918.
3
Digitized by
Google
398 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
A. Leo Weil • Pittsburgh
Harris Weinstock * Sacramento
Edwin Wolf * Philadelphia
HONORARY VICE-PRESIDENTS
Isaac W. Berniieim • Liouisyille
Rev. Dr. Henry Cohen * Galveston
Louis K. Gutman • Baltimore
Rev. Dr. Max Heller * New Orleans
Miss Ella Jacobs * » Philadelphia
S. W. Jacobs ■ Montreal
Louis E. Kirstein • Boston
Hon. Julian W. Mack * Chicago
Rev. Dr. Martin A. Meyer * San Francisco
Hon. Simon W.. Rosendale * Albany, N. Y.
Murray Seasongood ' Cincinnati
Hon. M. C. Sloss ' San Francisco
Rev. Dr. Joseph Stolz * Chicago
Hon. Simon Wolf ' Washington, D. C.
publication committee
Hon. Mayer SfjLZBEROER, Chairman Philadelphia
Dr. Cyrus Adler Philadelphia
Rev. Dr. Henry Berkowitz Philadelphia
Dr. S. Solis Cohen Philadelphia
Rev. Dr. Hyman G. Enelow New York
Dr. Herbert Friedenwald t New York
Dr. Israel Friedlaender New York
Felix N. Gebson Philadelphia
Rev. Dr. Max Heller New Orleans
Dr. Jacob H. Hollander Baltimore
Dr. Joseph Jacobs New York
Rabbi Jacob Kohn New York
Rev. Dr. J. L. Magnes New York
Leon S. Moisseifp New York
Rev. Dr. David Philipson Cincinnati
Dr. Solomon Schechter r.New York
Rev. Dr. Samuel Schulman New York
Hon. Oscar S. Straus New York
Samuel Strauss New York
The Board of Trustees meets in January, March, May, and
October.
The Publication Committee meets in the afternoon of the first
Sunday in January, February, March, April, May, June, October,
November, and December.
*Term expires In 1916. *Term expires In 1917. "Term expires in 1918.
4
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 399
MEETING OF THE TWENTY-SEVENTH YEAE
The annual meeting of The Jewish Publication Society of
America was held Sunday evening, May 16, 1915, at The Dropsle
College for Hebrew and Cognate Learning, Broad and York Streets,
Philadelphia, Pa.
The meeting was opened with a prayer by Rabbi Max D. Klein,
of Philadelphia. The President of the Society, Mr. Simon Miller,
acted as Chairman, and Mr. I. George Dobsevage, of Philadelphia,
as Secretary of the meeting. The President read his annual
address.
PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS
Ladies atid Gentlemen:
You are assembled at the Twenty-Seventh Annual Meeting to receive
from us, your Board of Trustees, an accounting of the stewardship of the
vital interests which you have intrusted to us. These Interests are vital,
because the position of the new Jewry of America will be dependent not
alone upon the acknowledgment of Judaism as a social tie, but as a spiritual
one as well. This spiritual tie can be cemented only by the knowledge of
our common past, and by the common hopes for the future. The dissemina-
tion of this knowledge is the aim of our society. How far the society has
attained toward this goal you may Judge from what it has done, what it is
doing and what it proposes to do. To fully appreciate the position let us
see what has been accomplished in the last fiscal year and what has been
mapped out for future achievement.
We have in spite of troublous times continued our growth in the number
of our members, in the sale and distribution of our books and in the further-
ance of the numerous projects on which we are engaged.
The financial statement which is before you is, all things considered,
fairly gratifying. Were this a commercial undertaking our meeting might
end here, but since we are engaged in propaganda work, a detailed survey
is desirable.
Our membership, about 12,000, shows some increase ; our losses from
various causes being more than offset by the enrolment of new members.
The distribution of books, other than through membership, amounted
to $25,000, a substantial increase over previous years. We distributed about
60,000 volumes. In Jewish homes, heretofore devoid of Jewish literature,
the '* five-foot book shelf," filled with Jewish volumes, is a reality. In
many smaller communities we have succeeded in placing our books, particu-
larly Graetz's " History of the Jews," in more than one-half of the Jewish
households. The presence of these books will produce Jews who will be
conversant with their faith and their history, and through this knowledge
a pride in themselves as Jews will be awakened that will make them better
Jews. We have supplied libraries to the various collegiate Menorah
Societies and have encouraged the establishment of libraries by Young Men's
Hebrew Associations.
During the year we have subventioned a work of great and native scholar-
ship— a " Hebrew Dictionary of Technical and Philosophical Terms," by
Digitized by
Google
400 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Caspar Levlas, and are pleased to announce the publication at an early date
of an original production by an American scholar. Professor Henry Malter*8
masterful study of the life and work of the great Gaon of Sora, Saadia ben
Joseph. This volume will be issued as the first publication in accordance
with the terms of the Morris Loeb Bequest.
In 1&14-1915 we published four new books and we reprinted ten of our
older publications in order to meet the demand for them. The new publica-
tions were favorably received. The articles in the Year Book on the Beilis
Case and on Jewish Education drew attention to two matters of great
interest to Jews. The Beilis article in particular preserved in permanent
form an accurate account of one of the darkest tragedies of the Jew in
recent years. " Josephus," by Norman Bentwlch, proved a valuable contri-
bution to the books dealing with the ancient historian of the Jewish people
and added another volume to our growing Biographical Series, which will
be supplemented with the lives of Hillel, Joseph of Naxos, Isaac Abarbanel,
Judah Halevi, Ibn Ezra, Manasseh ben Israel, Elijah Vilna, Baron de
Hirsch, Moses Monteflore and others. Covering another phase of Jewish
biography will be the volume on Jewish artists, the European part of which
is being prepared by Hermann Struck, of Berlin, while Leo Mielziner will
prepare the American section. The fourth publication, *' In Those Days," a
translation of Jehuda Steinberg's " Ba-Yamln Ha-hem," describes the life
of Russian Jews In the time of Nicholas I, when Jewish children were
snatched away from their homes in order that they might grow up as
Christian soldiers. Steinberg has succeeded in narrating a serious story
without continually lamenting and weeping, and throughout he preserves
artistic good taste and sanity.
During the coming year, we shall send to our members a collection of
plays by Irma Kraft, which will prove suitable for presentation by Sabbath
School children on various Jewish occasions. The '* Yeae Book for 5676,"
under the editorship of Dr. Joseph Jacobs, will contain articles on various
phases of Jewish interest, as well as Miss Henrietta Szold's resume of
*• Jewish Progress in Palestine." With the shifting changes in modem
political states, it is important that we be informed as to the social and
political status of our brethren in all parts of the world. The third book
will be a volume by the accomplished classical scholar, Dr. Max Radin, deal-
ing with the ^* Jews among the Greeks and Romans." All that can be
gathered from historical and archeological sources will be included in this
study of the Jews who inhabited the Classical World. The Bible will be
the fourth publication. Since the last annual report, further progress has
been made in carrying on the important project of bringing before the
members of the Society and the public generally the new English translation
of the Holy Scriptures. Attet careful consideration a contract was entered
into for the composition, manufacture of plates and the production of an
initial edition of 20,000 copies of the new translation. The details connected
with the contract occupied several months and it was not until August that
the typesetting was actually entered upon. The composition occupied from
September until February, at which time the entire manuscript had been
set up and placed in the hands of the editors. The proof-reading, which
Involves great labor by the Board of Editors, is being diligently prosecuted
by them. Many points have arisen In connection with the reading of the
proof which require further conferences between the Editors. These are now
being discussed by correspondence. As many of them as possible will be
6
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 401
settled in that way and such as need further discussion will be reserved for
a final meeting of the Editors, probably in the early autumn. The care
required in the reading of the proof in the production of this Important
work renders haste impossible and undesirable. Some additional particulars
about Bible Translations in general, and about our Bible Translation in
particular, we shall hear from the mouth of Professor Max Margolis, upon
whom devolved much of the preparation of our Version.
The Publication Committee is arranging for the preparation and early
publication of the Commentaries to the Bible. We propose to publish Com-
mentaries that shall represent the results of sound scholarship, and shall be
as free from technicalities as possible. They will be popular Commentaries,
written in simple language and in an attractive style. The authors will
use the Jewish Commentators and will elucidate Biblical texts by quota-
tions, short and pithy, from Rabbinical sources. Archeological and histor-
ical information will naturally be given, and moral and religious truths will
be especially emphasized. To complete the Commentaries will take a genera-
tion, but meanwhile, to make the Bible more available and understandable
in its general aspects, and to give an idea of its importance as a cultural
and historical force, we are considering the issuance of a series to be
entitled " Books about the Bible."
Manuscripts which are already in the hands of the Publication Society
or In the course of preparation are the following volumes in the Movement
Series : ** Hellenism," by Norman Bentwich ; ** Rationalism," by Dr. Isaac
Husik ; " Reform Judaism," by Dr. Samuel Schulman^; " Pharisaism," by
Professor Solomon Schechter ; " Mysticism," by the Chief Rabbi of England,
Joseph Hertz.
A new series has been originated by the Publication Committee called
•• Historical Jewish Communities Series," In which the following assign-
ments have already been made : *' Rome," to Doctor H. Vogelsteln, of
Kdnlgsberg ; " Cairo," to Doctor S. Poznanskl, of Warsaw ; " Frankfort-on-
the-Maln," to Doctor A. Frelmann, of Frankfort-on-the-Main ; " Amsterdam,"
to Mr. Slegmund Seellgman, of Amsterdarm. Additional volumes to be
included In the series are ** Prague," " Vllna," " London," " Paris," *' Con-
stantinople," ** Cologne," and " Lemberg."
In addition to these assignments Dr. I. Friedlaender has been commis-
sioned to prepare a one-volume " Popular Jewish History." Dr. Jacques
Faitlovltch a volume on " Travels In Abyssinia," in which he will treat of
the history and present condition of the Falashas, our dark Jewish brethren
of Africa, while Dr. Nahum Slousch will describe his travels and findings
among " The Jews In Northern Africa." Professor Alexander Marx, of New
York, has been asked to write on *' The Mlshna : Its Origin and Contents,"
and Dr. B. Halper, of the Dropsle College, has announced the completion of
the Hebrew Text of his '* Chrestomathy of Post-Biblical Hebrew Literature,"
the translation of which, together with the notes and a glossary, will soon
be ready. The manuscript of the better half of S. M. Dubnow's " History
of the Jews of Russia and Poland " has been received and has been trans-
lated into English by Dr. Israel Friedlaender. When it Is published, we shall
have for the first time an authoritative history of the Jews of Eastern
Europe, for Dubnow Is the Graetz of Russian Jewish History.
In our last report It was announced that the publication of a series of
Jewish Classics would be rendered possible by the generous donation of a
sum of $50,000 by Mr. Jacob H. Schiff, to be applied to this purpose.
Digitized by
Google
402 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
The letter of Mr. Schlff, In which he made the offer to the Society,
follows :
New York, May 4, 1914.
Simon Miller, Esq., President, The Jewish Publication Society, 608 Chestnut
Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
Dear Sir : After divers conferences with Prof. S. Schechter, Judge Mayer
Sulzberger and Dr. Cyrus Adler, I have come to the conclusion to make an
offer to the Jewish Publication Society, to place at its disposal the sum of
$50,000 — to be held as a separate trust fund for the following purposes :
The Society is to undertake to arrange for the publication by It, to the
charge of the trust fund thus created, of a series of books, to be known as
the ** Jewish Classics," such publication to be -made under the direction of a
Committee or Board, to be composed of Dr. S. Schechter as Chairman, Dr.
Cyrus Adler as Vice Chairman, Dr. Kohler, Judge Sulzberger, Dr. Phlllpson,
Dr. Schulman, Dr. Prledlaender, Dr. Enelow, Dr. Marx and Dr. de Sola
Mendes ; such Committee or Board to have the entire direction as to what
should be included in this series, and the manner in which it should be
published, until the trust fund in the hands of the Publication Society shall
have become exhausted.
The Publication Society, however, is to determine the cost to be incurred
for these publications, as they proceed, and its approval is also to be
obtained as to the style, etc., of the various volumes.
I shall reserve to myself the approval of the program, when it has been
determined upon befween your Society and the Committee or Board, and
should I become incapacitated or pass away before the publication Is com-
pleted, my son, Mortimer L. Schlff, in the first instance, or — he for any
reason failing to act — my son-in-law, Felix M. Warburg, is in my stead to
approve or disapprove, as the case may be, of the program, as It may from
time to time be developed.
May I ask that you inform me at your early convenience whether the
proposition herein made is acceptable to your Society?
Yours faithfully,
(Signed) Jacob H. Schiff.
The proposal was accepted and approved by the Board of Trustees and
the gentlemen named by Mr. Schiff accepted appointment. Later by
unanimous vote of the Committee it was recommended that their number
be increased by the addition of Professor Louis Ginzberg, Professor Henry
Malter and Ptofessor Jacob Z. Lauterbach and this proposal of the Com-
mittee was ratified by the Board of Trustees and by Mr. Schlff. The com-
mittee held two meetings and prepared a report, which was approved by
the Trustees and by the donor.
It was the view of the Committee that the greatest service would be
rendered to the cause of the Increase and diffusion of Jewish learning if the
series would represent the entire range of Jewish literature since the close
of the Biblical Canon up to some point in modem times, but suflQlciently
remote to be removed from present day controversies. This plan would
demonstrate, what is not generally known even to the educated world, that
Jewish literary genius and thought did not close with the Bible, but con-
tinned and were active throughout the ages In all the departments to which
literature is usually devoted. To adequately publish this literature would
require a library of hundreds of volumes. In view of the fact that for the
present the series must be limited to 25 volumes a schedule showing tht
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 403
13 classes of literature which it was proposed to represent and indicating
the number of volumes assigned to each class and in many cases the specific
contents of each volume was drawn up and agreed to by the Committee.
The classes are as follows :
<1) Mishnah, one volume; (2) Talmud, two volumes; (3) Mldrash, two
volumes; (4) Codes, one volume; (5) Philosophy, four volumes; (6) Ethics,
three volumes; (7) Mysticism, one volume; (8) Poetry, four volumes; (9)
History, including Epistles, three volumes; (10) Responsa, one volume;
(11) Homiletics, one volume; (12) Apocrypha, one volume; (13) Fables and
Folk Lore, one volume.
In view of the fact that no experts outside of the Committee have thus
far been consulted, the details of certain volumes have not been absolutely
settled, it having been thought best to leave the contents of these flexible
so that the Committee and the Society might have the advantage of the
advice of the expert finally selected to do the particular volume.
While giving at least one volume to each Class of Literature, the idea
has been steadily held in mind that a much larger share should be given to
works of general literary interest such as Poetry, Ethics, etc., than to a
subject like the Codes, which although of vast importance is represented by
a single volume.
The Chairman of the Committee, Dr. Schechter, has appointed a subcom-
mittee for each of the 13 classes who will make recommendations with
regard to the persons to be engaged to edit the texts and make the transla-
tions and to suggest the details of the different classes not already settled
by the whole Committee. Naturally a project of this size will require con-
siderable time to work out, but once the initial difficulties are over it Is
expected that scholars in various fields will work simultaneously and that
the realization of this noble ideal may not occupy so great a time as its
nature would indicate. It is expected that all of the translations of classics
will be made by English-speaking scholars direct from the original though,
of course. Continental scholars will undoubtedly be invited to participate
in cases where texts must be prepared in European libraries. An under-
taking of this sort cannot but result in raising the respect of Jew and
Gentile alike for Jewish literature, and the thoughts treasured up therein.
The publication of the Classics and the several other books, together with
the increasing demand for books of a scientific and a devotional character
makes more imperative the need of a Hebrew Press in America, a press
that shall preserve the best traditions of Leipzig, Berlin and Leyden. To
this end, the Board has appointed a committee which is to take under advise-
ment the matter of the establishment of such a Hebrew Press, for it is
thought that the Society in conjunction with the several other central
agencies interested in the publication of Hebrew texts, can make this project
realizable in the near future.
The Society, from its inception, has had in view the stimulation of author-
ship on Jewish subjects. It is recognized that the ranks of authors must
b© recruited from among the educated young men and women of America
The Society is about to offer a prize of $250 for a book of fiction, which must
be Jewish in thought and in action. This contest is open to all and should
bring out the best that is in our colleges and universities.
It would be unfair were not the Society to acknowledge here the debt that
is due to Miss Henrietta Szold, the Secretary of the Publication Committee,
for her untiring and unselfish devotion to the interest of the Society and
Digitized by
Google
404 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Judaism generally, and also to recognize the work done by Mr. I. G. Dob-
sevage, our efficient Secretary.
The Society, In spite of the special funds created through the generosity
of the late Mr. Morris Loeb and Mr. Jacob H. Schiff, is sadly In need of
funds for its general purposes. A number of public-spirited Phlladelphians
subscribed $15,000 some time ago, which fund, it is expected, will be
further augmented in the not distant future by other Phlladelphians as well
as by men from other communities. When the times are propitious we shall
come to these communities with the firm belief that our cause will meet
with a generous response from men of means. They will surely rally to a
movement which renders service to Israel throughout the nations.
REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES FOR 1914-1915
The Report of the Board of Trustees was as follows:
The Jewish Publication Society of America has concluded its
twenty-seventh year.
The Board of Trustees elected the following officers: Treasurer,
Henry Femberger, of Philadelphia; Acting Treasurer, Joseph H.
Hagedorn, of Philadelphia; Secretary, Benjamin Alexander, of
Philadelphia; Assistant Secretary, I. George Dobsevage, of Phila-
delphia; Secretary to the Publication Committee, Henrietta Szold,
of New York.
The following were chosen members of the Publication Com-
mittee: Mayer Sulzberger, of Philadelphia; Cyrus Adler, of Phila-
delphia; Henry Berkowitz, of Philadelphia; Solomon Solis Cohen,
of Philadelphia; Hyman G. Enelow, of New York; Herbert Frieden-
wald, of New York; Israel Friedlaender, of New York; Felix N.
Gerson, of Philadelphia; Max Heller, of New Orleans; Jacob H.
Hollander, of Baltimore; Joseph Jacobs, of New York; Jacob
Kohn, of New York; J. L. Magnes, of New York; Leon S. Moisseiff,
of New York; David Philipson, of Cincinnati; Solomon Schechter,
of New York; Samuel Schulman, of New York; Oscar S. Straus, of
New York; Samuel Strauss, of New York. Mayer Sulzberger was
elected by the Committee as its Chairman.
PUBLICATIONS
The publications issued during 1914-1915 were as follows:
1. The Game of Doeg, by Eleanor A. Harris.
2. The American Jewish Year Book 5675.
3. Josephus, by Norman Bentwich.
4. In Those Days, by Jehudah Steinberg.
The publications to be issued in 1915-1916 are as follows:
1. The Power of Purim and Other Plays, by Irma Kraft.
2. The American Jewish Year Book 5676.
3. The Jews among the Greeks and Romans, by Max Radin.
4. The New Translation of the Bible.
10
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 405
The President appointed Mr. Isaac Hassler, Mr. Morris Wolf,
and Mr. Leon Dalsimer, of Philadelphia, a Committee on Nomina-
tion of Officers and Trustees.
ELECTIONS
The Committee on Nominations presented the following report:
President (for one year) : Simon Miller, of Philadelphia.
First Vice-President (for one year): Dr. Henry M. Leipziger,
of New York.
Second Vice-President (for one year): Horace Stern, of Phila-
delphia.
Trustees (for three years) : Henry Fernberger, of Philadelphia;
Joseph H. Hagedorn, of Philadelphia; S. Charles Lamport, of New
York; Horace Stern, of Philadelphia; Samuel Strauss, of New
York; the Honorable Seligman J. Strauss, of Wilkes-Barre; Cyrus
L. Sulzberger, of New York.
Honorary Vice-Presidents (for three years): Isaac W. Bern-
heim, of Louisville; S. W. Jacobs, of Montreal; Louis J. Kirstein,
of Boston; the Honorable Julian W. Mack, of Chicago; the Honor-
able Simon Wolf, of Washington.
The Secretary was instructed to cast a unanimous ballot of
the meeting for the nominees, and the Chairman declared them
duly elected.
The President then introduced Dr. Max L. Margolis, of Phila-
delphia, who delivered the following address:
ADDRESS OF DOCTOR MARGOLIS
Six years ago at this time, Mr. President, your worthy predecessor, in
reporting the progress of the Bible Translation, announced that the editor-
in-chief was among the prophets. To-day, it must he regretfully stated, he
Is still among the prophets. The Board of Editors, and no Invidious distinc-
tion Is Intended if we single out the active and energetic Chairman, would
have been more than gratified, had Ihey been in a position at this moment to
lay before you the first printed copy of their work. It is true, the printer
has with commendable dispatch furnished proof-sheets ; but the editors, who
are all busy men, cannot as swiftly correct them. For it is not merely a
question of weeding out printer's errors. With the print before them, the
editors detect slight infelicities of expression and imperfections of style,
which must be removed, and good renderings are excised that they may make
room for the better. This labor of filing is progressing with all expedition,
and right now and in this building the mass of annotations sent in by the
editors is being tabulated, and as many of them as can be disposed of by gen-
eral rule, or because they are supported by a majority of the editors, are
immediately spread upon the proofs, while a small residuum is reserved for
discussion at a final meeting. Surely mere expedition at the expense of im-
provement would be undesirable.
*' Matters of such weight and consequence are to be speeded with
maturity ; for in a business of moment a man feareth not the blame of con-
11
Digitized by
Google
406 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
venlent slackness. Neither did we think much to consult translators or
commentators . . . ; neither did we disdain to revise that which we had
done, and to bring back to the anvil that which we had hammered ; but
having and using as great helps as were needful, and fearing no reproach
for slowness, nor coveting praise for expedition, we have at length, through
the good hand of the Lord upon us, brought the work to that pass that you
see." So wrote, in their quaint language, the Revisers of 1611 ; and yet the
work was done in the short time of two years and nine months, the last
nine months being taken up by a final revision by a committee consisting of
two members from each center, the total number of revisers being from
forty-eight to fifty. In the case of the newer version, of 1885, the
revision of the Old Testament occupied 792 days in a space of fourteen
years, some twenty-seven scholars being at work thereon in England. As
regards our own translation — your translation, I should rather say — the
history of which was so admirably told by Doctor Adler on the occasion
of the Society's twenty-fifth anniversary, it has occupied through the
various phases of organization and reorganization these twenty years;
for though In the last reorganization the plan was considerably altered,
yet the Instructions made it a duty to consult tbe translations handed in
to the Publication Society in accordance with the first plan, one book
being, as you know, in print, the remainder in manuscript, and most of
them with editorial annotations, chlefiy from the pen of that fine scholar,
the late Doctor Marcus Jastrow. It Is but fair both to that body of
scholars, some of whom are no more with us, and to the conscientiousness
of the present Board, to make known that tbe labors of all those predeces-
sors have entered into the work now reaching its final form, and that
where, because of the altered plan, no direct transference of the earlier
efforts could be made, much was nevertheless learned from them, in
particular from the rich store of editorial comment. But even the labor of
revision in accordance with the newest plan is now in its seventh year,
the draft prepared in less than a year's time having occupied the entire
Board through sixteen sessions, each lasting ten days or more, hence in
all 133 days in passing upon the changes submitted, which, with the various
English versions, not the least being Leeser's noble effort, as a basis, will
mount up into tena of thousands.
As we are preparing to lay down our pen, we are all of us only too con-
scious of our work's imperfections. The editors are but human, and it Is
their privilege to err. When the King James revision left the press, it was
at once attacked by Doctor Hugh Broughton, a Biblical scholar of great
eminence and erudition, who had been omitted from the list of revisers on
account of his violent and impracticable disposition, and whose disappoint-
ment vented itself In a very hostile criticism of the new version. The later
translation of 1885 met with a similar fate at the hands of Dean Burgon,
who assailed it vehemently in a series of articles, the unquestionable
learning of which, we are told, was neutralized by the extravagance and
intemperance of their tone. Who the Doctor or Dean — if we Jews possess
such a worthy — or plain Mr. may be who at this stage already is whetting
his shafts wherewith to assail us, remains to be seen. We court criticism
of the objective sort. The intemperate kind will make itself nugatory by
unworthy caviling. I have been asked repeatedly by friendly and un-
friendly outsiders what I thought of the translation. As well you may ask
a father to pass Judgment upon his offspring. Still I consider myself
capable of unbiased opinion. And I am free to say that your confidence and
12
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 407
the confidence of the body which let go a project of its own when it decided
to join hands with you, was not misplaced.
To render the Scriptures adequately, one must combine the rare tact of
doing justice to the original wording, without being slavishly literal, and of
hitting the sense, without becoming paraphrastic. Fortunately we were
no translators at all, but revisers. This is not the place to narrate how, in
consequence of an upheaval long in preparation, that matchless translation
was wrought which forever will be the pride of the English-speaking world.
In its turn a mere revision, its production fell upon a period when, as at no
other time, the standard of literary taste, under the Influence of such
masters of style as Spenser and Sidney and Hooker and Marlowe and
Shakespeare, was at its highest. If the revisers of 1611 were deficient in
Hebrew lore, they knew how to have and to use a great help at second and
third hand. From the Geneva Bible, the work of Whittingham, who on the
side of language was Indebted to Tyndale and Coverdale, but on the side
of interpretation based himself upon Munster's scholarly Latin rendition,
came those touches In the Authorized Version which may be readily traced
to the door of David Kimhi, the peer of Jewish commentators. The Jewish
Dante, Immanuel of Rome, has pictured a scene in Heaven, which all Bible
commentators and translators will do well to ponder over. King David
commands all the commentators of the Psalms to appear before him, that a
royal prize may be bestowed upon the worthiest. They all arrive with
their bulky tomes, David Klmhi at the head of them. And how great Is
their consternation when the royal bard makes the request : Gentlemen,
please expound the eight and sixtieth Psalm ! Half a century ago a
Strassburg professor published a monograph on that very psalm as
EIn Denkmal exegetlscher Not und Kunst
Zu Ehren unserer ganzen Zunft.
The guild of commentators was not much edified, but a French reviewer
ventured the opinion that the learned professor was not a whit more suc-
cessful than his predecessors. Of course, a commentator has the bounden
duty to make a show of the general ignorance, only the individual kind is
unpardonable; but In a translation destined for the people there is no
room for any sort of ignorance. The translator, to quote once more from the
preface to the Authorized Version, must avoid to weary the unlearned, who
need not know so much ; and trouble the learned, who know it already
None indeed should be so presumptuous as to say that he has fully grasped
the meaning of psalmist or prophet or sacred philosopher, though there be
among us to-day those that would persuade us that Isaiah did not know
how to write Hebrew, and in overweening conceit proceed to correct his
inspired utterances as if they were a schoolboy's exercise. The philosopher
may work through the voluminous expositions of Plato, and the student
of literature will do well to consult a Variorum edition of Shakespeare ;
yet Plato may be read in Jowett's translation, and Shakespeare in any
ordinary edition containing the bare text. If that is all possible in the
case of Greeks and Englishmen, it certainly is feasible with the Hebrews,
whose style is simplicity itself, and whose range of thought, lofty though
It be, may be grasped by the least erudite. In points of detail there may be
variety of opinion ; and if our future critic will condemn us because we did
not follow Kimhi, he will find that we have erred with Rashi ; or if Rashi
13
Digitized by
Google
408 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
is to convict us, we sliall be found to be in the good company of Ibn Ezra
or Luzzatto or Malbim.
This Society contemplates the publication of a Commentary on the
Scriptures which will more than satisfy the needs of teacher and taught.
But in advance of that publication, which will take many years, it is a wise
step to send out the bare text of the translation, unencumbered by the vain
show of learning, that in its garb of simplicity it may strike root among oar
people. For if we have refrained from presenting to the t"eader alternate
renderings in the margin, it is simply a proof of the wonderful unanimity
that has prevailed in the Board, the unanimity of purpose which caused as
to yield individual preferences. Sad though it be, a fact It nevertheless is
that we — the people — are wofully ignorant of Hebrew. What Alexandria
with its millions of Jews did in the days of Ptolemy Philadelphus, we in
this latter diaspora of the farthest West are endeavoring after long years
of preparation to bring to completion under the administration of President
Wilson. Happily we live in an environment that holds the Bible in venera-
tion, and the culture of which is deeply permeated with the ideals first
enunciated by the prophets of Israel. In this translation of the Scriptures,
which has kept unimpaired the stately diction of the Elizabethan version,
and on the other hand the spirit of which is Jewish in its every line, we
bring to light the double heritage which is the Jew's In the Anglo-Saxon
world. The original is ours ; it was given to us, we have kept it zealously,
we have carried it with us whithersoever we went, and we, our best scholars,
have made its meaning clear. The spade of the excavator may have
revealed things unknown to Saadia and Kimhi ; there has been groat progress
In Biblical science which has not been of our own making ; but on the whole
it is safe to say that the verbal meaning — and with that alone a translation
is concerned — stands pretty much where Jewish exegetes have left It
Built up in successive generations with Jewish material, the Anglican
version has furnished us the language which we have gratefully used, and
as far as it lay In our powers imitated in those parts where we were forced
to alter the rendition on account of sense. Truly, the Jew will have come
into his own in a constellation of circumstances which is in every way
providential.
Mr. Horace Stern, of Philadelphia, was then invited to address
the meeting.
EXTRACT FROM ADDRESS BY HORACE STERN, ESQ.
Mr. Horace Stern spoke on the subject of some of the problems which con-
front the Board of Trustees of the Society. He pointed out that while the
membership had, during the period from 1910 to 1912, more than doubled
Itself, the rate of increase had fallen off somewhat in the last two years, and
it is time now for a renewed aggressive movement to enlarge the number of
the Society's subscribers. The best means of accomplishing this is to solicit
members of the various Jewish beneficial orders or lodges, as these present
the best-organized field for work in this line. Moreover it would be well to
hold the annual meetings In different cities each year, instead of always in
Philadelphia, and to establish offices in three or four of the leading cities
of the country, and to organize the membership In each local district.
In addition to the problem of obtaining new members, Mr. Stern pointed
out that there was the equally important and serious problem of retaining
14
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 409
the old ones. If the members merely look upon their subscriptions as
entitling them to a certain number of books each year, the whole project
becomes nothing more than a distributing book agency. The Jewish Pub-
lication Society is something more than this. We must emphasize the point
of view that the subscribers are members of a living Society, with defined
and lofty aims, and accomplishing an educational, a cultural, and at least
a quasi- religious purpose. Let us instil in our members the fundamental
conception of a vital organization or organism behind the mere publica-
tions themselves, in which organization every member has a voice and a part.
Mr. Stern spoke also about the finances of the Society, advocating an
attempt to induce as many of the members as possible to enroll in the
special classes of membership.
The speaker also referred to the Society's relations to its authors on the
one hand and to Its readers on the other. The one problem was that of
obtaining proper books to publish. In this connection — inasmuch as
imaginative and constructive geniuses, novelists, and poets are rare — the
Jewish Publication Society has consistently attempted to develop a set of
chosen scholars writing on chosen, systematized subjects, with the result
that we have authors engaged in producing worthy and important literature
consisting of essays, biographies, and histories, and developing the exposi-
tion of the life of the Jews in various nations and in various cities, and of
the different intellectual and religious movements in Jewish thought, and
of lives of Jewish worthies.
The other problem connected with the Society's publications is to get its
members to read the books, and gradually to improve the level of the taste
of its subscribers. All that the Society can do, of course, is to furnish them
with an educational and cultural influence, if they will but avail themselves
of the opportunity. It is important that we should know the ideals and the
story of our own people, and thus be able to feel a proper pride in our
ancestral heritage. No Jewish organization, save those for charitable and
religious purposes, is more worthy of the support of the Jewish community,
and we should strive as much as possible to see to it that the books of the
Society, even If no longer with their former motto — " Israel's mission is
peace" — thereon emblazoned, at least breathing the spirit of that pro-
nouncement, may find their way Into every Jewish home throughout the
land.
On motion, the meeting adjourned.
I. Geobge Dobseyage,
Secretary.
15
Digitized by
Google
410 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
APRIL 30, 1915
ASSETS
Cash In Bank $556.99
Cash on Hand 100.00 $656.99
Dues Receivable $10,042.88
Sales Receivable 22,60438
Income Receivable from Invest-
ments 1,786.28 34,433.54
Inventories 15,159.52
Prepaid Insurance 16.05
Advances to Authors 400.00
Advances to Salesmen 483.21
$51,149.31
Fixed Assets (Invested) 107,697.50
Total Assets $158,846.81
LIABILITIES
Accounts Payable $10,424.64
Reserve for Book Deliveries 643.50
Loeb Fund 10,533.33
Life Membership Fund 8,100.00
Bible Fund 38,110.63
Classics Fund 52,168.00
Capital 38,866.71
Total Liabilities $158,846.81
16
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 411
STATEMENT OF RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS FOR
YEAR ENDING APRIL 30, 1915
Balance on hand May 1, 1914 $2,148.64
Receipts:
Members' Dues $30,130.60
Sales of Books 17,557.55
Income from Investments 2,956.58
Classics Fund (Donation) 50,000.00
Sale of Investment Securities 10,037.50
Miscellaneous 4,991.43
115,673.66
$117,822.30
Disbursements:
Salesmen's Commission and Expenses . . $12,627.79
Publications 36,574.87
Donation Expenditures (Bible and
Classics) 1,626.45
Salaries 5r732.87
General Expenditures 7,703.33
Investments and Loans 53,000.00
117,265.31
Cash Balance In Bank April 30, 1915 $556.99
17
Digitized by
Google
412
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
STATEMENT OF MEMBERSHIP
Alabama 71
Arizona 26
Arkansas 34
California 246
Colorado 36
Connecticut 267
Delaware 47
District of Columbia 79
Florida 47
Georgia 89
Illinois 831
Indiana 211
Iowa 88
Kansas 25
Kentucky 152
Louisiana 87
Maine 56
Maryland 314
Massachusetts 774
Michigan 161
Minnesota 167
Mississippi 41
Missouri 322
Montana 4
Nebraska 30
Nevada 1
New Hampshire 12
New Jersey 737
New Mexico 27
New York 2259
North Carolina 70
North Dakota 20
Ohio 866
Oklahoma 58
Oregon 25
Pennsylvania 2103
Rhode Island 80
South Carolina 67
South Dakota 1
Tennessee 55
Texas 273
Utah 23
Vermont 1
Virginia 136
Washington 63
West Virginia 25
Wisconsin 74
Australia • 40
Belgium 1
British West Indies 4
Canada 419
Cuba 13
Danish West Indies 1
Egypt 2
England 42
France 2
Germany 6
Ireland 1
Newfoundland 1
New Zealand 4
Portugal 1
Russia 1
Scotland 2
South Africa 81
Total 11,802
Life Members 55
Patrons 25
Library Members 98
Special Members 596
Annual Members 11,028
Total 11,802
18
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
413
MEMBERS
ALABAMA
Alabama
Andalusia
Berman, I.
Bessemer
Stein, Saml., 614 19th
Birmingliani
Special Mbmbebs
Caheen, P. & S., 2705 Highland Av.
Saks, Louis, 2101 Highland Av.
Annual Membbbs
Emanu El Congr. Sunday School,
2150 16th Av. S.
Fox, Dr. Bertram A., 209% N. 19th
Friedman, J., 2126 16th Av. S.
Goldstein. D. B.. 1630 8th Av. N.
Grusin, S. H., 1117 St. Charles
Hlrsch, August, 1814 Av. T.
Jacobs, Bertram,
Klotz, Simon, 708 N. 17th
Loeb, Leopold, 3053 Highland Av.
Loveman, Jos. H., 12 Falrview Circle
Newfield, Rabbi M.. 2150 16th Av. S.
Phillips, I., 2019 Quinlan
Pizitz, Louis, 3425 Highland Av.
Rich, David, 1222 S. 12th
Saks, Herman, 2167 Highland Av.
Shapiro, I., 421 Brown-Marx Bldg.
Steiner, Leo K., 2173 Highland Av.
Sterne, Roy M., 1915 Av. H.
Y. M. H. A., 1701 6th Av.
Demopolis
Folda, Louis
Franzig & Co., J.
Huntsville
Cohen, Leo P., Box 342
Grosser, E. H.
Heymann, Dr. C. H., Elk Bldg.
Levy, Saml. H.
Marx, Gustave
Metzger, A.
Wind, Isidore, 302 Franklin
Mobile
Bloch, Dr. Monroe, 261 N. Royal
Brown, Leo M., Box 764
Cohen, H^ Davis Av.
Eichold, L., 604 Government
Felbelman, H. U., 508 Van Antwerp
Bldg.
Hammel, Julius, Battle House
Hammel, L.
Hess, Henry, 19 S. Water
Jacoby, M., 266 Beauregard
Kahn, B., 250 Church
Levy, A. G., Box 933
Lubel, H., 5 N. Cedar
Moses, Rabbi Alfred G., 407 Contl
Reiss, Jacob, 304 N. Conception
Schwartz, I., 614 Dauphine
Schwarz, Leon, 507 Church
Shaarai Shomayim Sabbath School
Montgomery
Ehrenreich, Rev. B. C, 58 Sayre
Friedman, I. J., 19 Mildred
Griel, Meyer, 303 S. Lawrence
Kahl Montgomery, 31 Sayre
Kahn, David, 1120 S. Court
Kaufman, Saml^ 37 Sayre
Livingston, A., 72 Caroline
Loeb, J. K., 314 Montgomery
Loeb, Lucien S., 506 Montgomery
Mohr, M., 120 Sayre
Rice, Samly 61 Sayre
Stern, P. H., 545 S. McDonough
Selma
Kahn, A. G., 503 Selma Av.
Meyer, M. J., 516 Dallas Av.
Mishkan Israel Sabbath School
Schuster, Benj. J.
Tuscaloosa
Rosenfeld, S.
Saks, Joseph
Sterman, L.
Wiesel, Mrs. Saml.
Tuscumbia
Kohn, Herman
I'erry, Harry
Marx, S.
Tuskegee
19
Digitized by
Google
4M
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Arisona
ABIZONA
Douglas
Aronwald, A., 801 G Av.
Kline, Mose, Box 434
Margosln, Fhllip, 825 6 Av.
Stolaroff, P.
Phoenix
Baswltz, Henry
Curtis, Earl S., 611 N. 3d Av.
Diamond, L, Boston Store
Edelman, Herman
Friedman, N., 1720 N. Center
Goldman, Leo
Herzberg, A. S., 546 Willetta
I^vy, Jos. M., 1018 N. 1st Av.
Marks. Barnett E., 16 N. 10th Av.
Michelson, S. J., 375 N. Ist Av.
Talney, Dave, 341 B. Washington
Wolfe, I. P., 1409 N. Center
Tucson
LiBBARY Member
Solomon, Chas. P.
Annual Members
Bloom, D. W., 414 S. 3d Av.
Friedman, B., Box 224
Goldschmldt, Leo, The Owls
Goldtree, Isidor
Jacobs, J. M., Box K
Jacobs, Lionel M., 187 W. Alameda
Levy, Leo L., Box 502
Steinfeld, Albert
Arkansas
ABEANSAS
Fort Smith
Cohen, Louis
Cohn, Wm. N.
Eisen, Leon
Isaacson, I.
Kaufman, H.
Langfelder, L.
Mincer, Hiram
Nak-demen, I. H.
Ney, Rudolph
Stein, Benno
Wolf, Ben
Helena
Altman, J. L.
Altman, M. A., 205 Cherry
Metzler, Milton G., 1132 Porter
Mundt, Sellg L., 1198 Perry
Hot Springs
Gartenberg, P.. 306 Orange
House of Israel Congr. Sabbath Sch'l
Rhine, Rabbi A. B., 315 W. Grand
Av.
Strauss, Gus
Little Rock
Aronson, Dr. Jos. D.
B'ne Israel Congr. Sabbath School
Cohn, Mark H., Abeles Apt.
Daniel, Dan, 909 Cumberland
Frauenthal, Hon. Saml.
Heiseman, A. M., Box 226
Sanders, Mrs. M. B., 2l8t & Gains
Sanders, M. B., 1222 Cumberland
Stlfft, Mrs. Chas. S.. 1302 Scott
Tenenbaum, A., 1409 Cumberland
Thalhelmer, Ben. S., 1006 W. 62d
Witt, Rabbi Louis, 1022 W. 6th
McOehee
Hyam, L. H.
Pine Bluff
Anshe Emeth Sabbath School
Dryfus, Isaac, 510 Main
Finkelsteln, N., 221 W. 14th
Frong, Louis, 224 Main
Relnberger, Irving, 904 Main
Weil, Chas., 112 W. Barrque
Tezarkana
Sandberger, M., 805 State Line Av.
California
CALIFORNIA
Bakersfleld
Eastern Drug Co., The, 1326 19th
ITarbsteln, Jacob, 1304 19th
Lichtenstein, Mrs. M. M., 2715 20th
Weill, A.
Berkeley
Marks, S. M., 2741 Dwlght Way
Popper, Dr. Wm., 2326 Russel
Burlingame
Feldman, A., 1211 Bayswater Av.
Colton
King. Sadie
El Oentro
Schireson, B.
20
Digitized by
Google
1
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
416
Folsom
Wahrhaftig, P. S., Route 1
Fresno
Einstein, Louis. 1600 M
Olendale
Goldstein, Saml. H., 717 W. 5th
Lancaster
Naumann, P.
Los Angeles
Life Member
Gross, David, c/o Gerson Goldsmitli,
544 S. Hobart
Special Members
Aronson, S., Hotel Lelghton, 6tli &
Lake
Brown, Isidore, 1819 W. 11th
Fink, Albert, 3461 2d Av.
Hellman, Irving H.. 674 Catallna
Hellman, M. S., 2225 Harvard Blvd.
Isaacs, L., 923 Lake
Loewenthal, Max, 1833 S. Flower
Raphael, I., 615 S. Bonnie Brae
Raphael, R. H., 1353 Alvarado Ter.
Annual Members
Abel, Jacob, 114 S. Spring
Bakerman, Dr. B., 234 Higarlns Bldg.
Bearman. W. W., 1655 Rockwood
Benloff, S., 745 S. Bway.
Berman, J., 115 S. Wilmington
Bernard, J., 1300 W. 48th
Bernstein, B. B., 1007 S. Union Av.
Blass, Dr. Leo, 527 W. Temple
Brand, Louis, 414% S. Bway.
Breitstein, Morris. 224 S. Spring
Cahn, Henry S., 629 S. Norton Av.
Cantor, Jos., Rd. 2, Box 128, Vernon
Av.
Cohen, B., 430 S. Bway.
Cole, Louis M., 3240 Wilshire Blvd.
Dannls. Sam B., 901 California Bldg.
Deutsch, Jacob, 454 N. Figueroa
Deutsch, M., 236 N. Main
Edelman, Dr. D. W., 1018 Elden At.
BMnkelsteIn, Benj. L, 205 W. 1st
Pinkelstein, M. J., 312 California
Bldg.
Forer, A., 170 S. Gless
Forer, B., 114 Court
Fram, Harry, 1104 E. 22d
Frank, Dr. M. A., 832 W. 52d
Gerecht, E. P., 418 Fay Bldg.
Goldman, H. A., Chjimber of Com- California
merce Bldg.
Goldschmidt, M., 2104 Harvard
Blvd.
Goldsten, M., 1322 E. 143d
Greenberg, Chas., 2097 W. 29th PI.
Greene, Jos., 733 S. Bway.
Groman, Lou, 532 S. Bway.
Haber, P. R., 1742 Westmoreland
Hecht, Rev. Dr. S., 817 Beacon
Hlllkowitz, S., 630 E. 9th
Hollzer, H. A., Cit. Natl. Bk. Bldg.
Hollzer, Wm., 3017 Normandle
Immerman, A., 2616 ^^ N. Bway.
Isenstein, P., 245 S. Thomas
Jacobs, Jay B., 231 Central Av.
Jacobson, S., 414 S. Broad
.Tor.n3. .Tf^s. L.. 953 Arapahoe
Kiibii, I',, iJOS N. Granada
Kaufman, Morris, 218 S. Main
KlnggiliEick(*r, B., 1617 S. Figueroa
Korcblum. M. S., 966 Westmoreland
rjsppjQ, M.. Title Guarantee Bldg.
Lazard, lH\ K M., 611 Lissner Bldg.
LpvId, a,. :515 N. Breed
TjGwInsoho, ►!. L^ 6205 Berends A v.
Lissner, Dr. ]L H., 2865 Frances A v.
Lo3 Anst>les liOdge, No. 487, I. O.
B. B.. Ill W. 17th
Los Aiist'Jps I'ublic Library
Liitk,:: ^j. r, Ed.. 217 W. 59th PI.
Lyon, Raphael, 532 N. Temple
Marcus, A., 2632 N. Bway.
Marks, D. H., 118 W. 54th
Marshutz, S. G., 227 W. 7th
Medway, M., 1422 E. 17th
Meyer, S., 1546 4th Av.
Moses, .Tos., 124 E. 1st
Moses, Marks, 1227 E. 25th
Newmark, Marco R., 977 Arapahoe
Newmark, S. M., 627 Klngsley Drive
Norton, Isaac, 1100 Grand View
Perluzcky, Jos. L, 424 W. 49th
Pollock, S. L, 1434 E. 20th
Reich, Mrs. Jacob, 1616 WInfield
Riskln, Philip, 414 S. Mathews
Rosenberg, C. B., 2155 W. 29th
Sagon, A., 1718% Magnolia Av.
Shapiro, Chaim, 438 Chamber of
Commerce Bldg.
Shapiro, Nathan, 2126 N. Bway.
Silverberg, Dr. H. M., 706 Haas
Bldg.
Simmons, S., 980 Arapahoe
Sinai Sabbath Sch'L 12th & Valencia
Welsbart, L, 314 N. Breed
Weisbaum, Harry L.. ** Rex Arms "
Werne, Rev. Dr. I., 227 N. Olive
Cheim, H.
Marysville
21
Digitized by
Google
416
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
California Menlo Park
Special Member
Walter, Clarence P.
Oakland
Special Members
Kahn, Fred'k, 673 Walsworth Av.
Lavenson, A. S., 657 Walsworth." Av.
Schneider, Morris N., 348 Grand A v.
Annual Members
Abrahamson, H., 13th & Washington
Goldwater, M., 358 Grand Av.
Jonas, Abraham, Hotel Oakland
Oakland Lodge, No. 252, I. O. B. B.
Samuels, Hon. Geo., Peralta Apts.
Samuels, Dr. H. J.. Central Bk. Bldg.
Schary, Edward, 834 16th
Silverstein, Bernard, Dunsmur Apts.
Smith, W., 425 Bellevue Av.
Wollin, I., 170 10th
Ocean Park
Kllngstein, Wm.
Oroville
Asher, S.
Oznard
Cohn, David
Lehmann, L.
Badlands
Saulson, Wm., 901 W. Olive Av.
Ross
Sloss, Mrs. Max C.
Sacramento
Bloomberg Bros., 1021 2d
Bonheim, Albert, 105 M
Elkus, Albert, 9th & K
Fried, Rev. Michael, 1905 O
Gartinkle, Leo, 1024 J
Lovich, I.. 1416 11th
Lubin, S. J.. 1142 Cutter
Ossry, D., 15th & J
Wahrhaftig, M. S., 1611 17th
San Bernardino
Cohn, C, Court & E
San Diego
Binnard, Morris, 1902 Robinson Av.
Blochman, L. A., 3260 1st
Cohen, Rev. M. N. A., Box 286
Meyer, M. E., 5th & H
Wolf, Hyman S., 915 25th
Stotsky, Chas. L., 245 17th
San Francisco
Life Members
Ehrman, M., 2618 Jackson
Jacobs, Isidor, 2018 Webster
Levi, Jr., c/o H. Levi Co.
Lllienthal, E. R., 1801 Gough
Meyer, Danl., 212 Pine
Neustadter, Mrs. J. H., Hotel St.
Francis
Rosenthal, I. L., 1107 Van Ness Av.
Scherline, S., 1827 California
Shainwald, Herman, 1366 Sutter
Toklas, Ferd.
Weil, Louis P.
Weill, Raphael
Weinstock, Harris, 19 Presidio Ter.
Library Members
Goldstein, Alex., 16 California
Gordon, Raphael, 444 1st Ave.
Special Members
Anspacher, Philip, 3524 Jackson
Anspacher, Simon, 2604 Pacific Av.
B'nai B'rith Librarv, 149 Eddy
Koshland, M. S., 3800 Washington
Levison, J. By 2420 Pacific
Sinsheimer, Henry, 110 Market
Walter, Isaac N., 1803 Franklin
Weiskopf, S., 2300 Van Ness A v.
Annual Members
Ackerman, I. C, 2201 Van Ness Av.
Alter, Marcus, 60 Moss
Altmayer, A., 3641 Jackson
Aronson, Mrs. A., 2120 Pacific Av.
Ballon, P. L., 2136 Howard
Barnett, Hon. A. T., 68 Palm Av.
Bender, Albert M., 1369 Post
Bendheim, Ferd. 1207 14th Av.
Bernstein, B., 1410 Tuck
Bernstein, Wm., 1325 Fulton
Bienenfeld, B., 525 Rial to Bldg.
Bleadon, C. L., 163 Douglas
Blum, Max, 3216 Jackson
Blum, S., 1659 Haight
Breman, L., 373 Shotwell
Cerf, Dr. Alvin E., Ill Ellis
Coffee, Mrs. M. H., 742 Hyde
Cohen, Philip, Goodfriend Hotel
Cowen, A. H., 365 Market
David, Chas., 1477 Washington
Davidow, B., 3000 California
Dinkelspiel, H. G. W., Claus Spreck-
les Bldg.
Edlin, H. N., 27 Collingwood
Fleishhacker, Herbert, 1 Sansom
Gabriel, Seymour, 349 14th Av.
Goldman, Helm, 307 Mills Bldg.
Goldtree, M. N., 253 10th Av.
22
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
417
Gottlieb. Dr. A., Hotel Reich
Greenebaum, B., 3620 Clay
Greenebaum, M., 740 Mission
Gruhn, J. M., 1916 Pine
Heinberg, J. A., 365 Market
Heller, E. S., 2020 Jackson
Herscovltz, Mrs. S., 714 Hayes
Herzberg, Saml. A., 1713a Eddy
Hyman, Jos., 1916 California
Jacobi, J. J., 2855 Pacific Av.
Kahn, Hon. Julius, 2712 Webster
Av.
Katschinski, B., 399 Webster Av.
Langer, Saml., 600 Devisadero
Lerer, Jos., 3167 23d
Lesser, A. M., 731 Duboce Av.
Levison, Harry, 134 Presidio Av.
Levitt, S., 406 30th
Levy, Amelia, 2315 Webster Av.
Levy, Meyer H., 436 O'Farrell
Lyons, H. J., 1155 Devisadero
ftleyer. Dr. M. A., 2109 Baker
Miller, L., 1504B O'Farrell
Musln, E. H., 106 Ord
Newman, Juda, 1980 Jackson
Ordenstein, Max, 2131 Devisadero
Oser, M., 165 Post
Peixotto, Edgar D., 3956 Wash.
Rabinowitz, J^ 1714 Stelner
Radowltz, H. L., 519 W. 9th
Rapken, M. A., 2443 Sutter
Redlich, Henry, 1264 Page
Rinder, Rev. R., 1809 Bway
Ringolsky, G. C, 522 Straight
Rosenthal, Marcus, 802 Balboa Bldg.
Rosenwasser, Rev. Dr. Herman,
Hotel Bristol, 1528 Sutter Av.
Rothchild, J. M., St. Francis Hotel
Saplro, A. L., First Natl. Bk. Bldg.
Savannah, M., Van Ness Av. & Post
Schloss, Ben., 226 16th Av.
Schwabacher, L." A., Hotel St.
Francis
Silverman, Moritz, 1062 Market
Solomons, L L, 218 Sharon Bldg. California
Spiegel, L M., 126 Commonwealth
Av.
Spiegelman, Morris, 1646 Sanchez
Stahl, Adolph, 1880 Jackson
Starr, N., 257 Lexington Av.
Straus, Louis, 11 Battery
Sugarman, A., 3639 17th
Tauszky, Edmund, 2301 Devisadero
Tuchler, Dr. A. S., 703 Van Ness Av.
Wangenheim, Sol., Hotel Richelieu
Wascerwitz, M. H., 550 Baker
Wise, Otto I., First Natl. Bk. Bldg.
Wolff, Harry K., 1782 O'Farrell
Zussman, Dr. L., 1411 Scott
Santa Ana
Hurwitz, Saml., 515 E. 2d
Santa Rosa
Rosenberg, Max, 511 B
Trachman, Dr. H. J., 801 Humboldt
Sierra Madre
Schlesinger, T.
Stockton
Cohen, Albert B.. The Sterling
Gunzendorfer. F., 432 E. Main
Katz, Dr. H. H., 105 E. Main
Magnin, Edgar F.
Ryhim Ahoovim Congr. Sabbath
School
Stein, M. P.
I-^vis, Leon
Boracji, B.
Visalia
Yolo
COLORADO
Colorado
Denver
Anfenger, M. L, Symes Bldg.
B. M. H. Teachers' Assn^ 2211 High
Bitterman. Simon, 951 Humboldt
Bresler, Simon L., 967 Downing
Drechsler, Dr. Wm., 1418 Columbia
Eisner, Dr. Jno., 1361 Curtis
Fox, Michael, c/o Y. M. C. A., 16th
& Lincoln
Frankle, H., 1249 Humboldt
Friedman, Rev. W. S., 733 E. 8th
Av.
Frumess, H. H., 1220 Clayton
Halpem, N., Continental Bldg.
Harrison, J. H., Box 503
Hillkowitz, Dr. P., 1376 Madison
Jaffa, Jos. S., 811 Continental Bldg.
Kahn, Saml. E., 1255 Humboldt
Kauvar, Rabbi C. H., 2211 High
Krohn, Dr. M. J., 2780 W. Colfax
Av.
Levy, Max M., 2011 Arapahoe
Levy, Dr. Robt. 1528 Ogden
Lovlns, J. A., 2301 Champa
Morris, Ernest, KIttredge Bldg.
National Jewish Hospital for Con-
sumptives, 3800 E. Colfax Av.
Neusteter, Meyer, 677 Gilpin
Spivak,.Dr. C. D., 1421 Court PI.
Taussig^, A. S., 305 Gilpin
23
Digitized by
Google
418
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Colorado Trattner, Ernest, 2622 La Payette
Av.
Well Bros., 1405 Lorimer
Zwetow, Saml. R.. 1230 IGth
Edgewater
Isidore Hqrwltz Library
Trinidad
Hammersbaugh, W. B.
Jaffa, Dr. Perry, 225 S. Chestnut
Katz, Hlrsh J.
Sanders, L. J., 211 S. Beech
Sanders, Leopold
Connecticul
COKNECTICTTT
Ansonia
Aaronson, A. S., 94 S. Cliff
Benin, H. G., 493 Main
Morganstern, S., 55 Jackson
Yale, Rubin, 549 Main
Dr.
Bridgeport
Wm. J., 835
Colorado
Blume,
Av.
Brodsky, Saml., 143 Parrott Av.
Cohen, Frank S^, 489 E. Main
Peuer, David, 478 Water
Finkelstone, Dr. B. B., 38 High
Flnkelstone, Lawrence S., 8t James
Flamm, J., 1128 Fairfield Av.
Greenstein, Dr. M. J., 88 Tremont
Hart, Dr. B. I., 324 Hood Av.
Horwltz, Dr. M. T., 605 Union Av.
Klein, J. B., 223 Laurel Av.
Kornblut, Louis A., 54 Grove
Mellltz, Saml., 274 Spruce
Mooney, S., 350 Coleman
Moss, Isaac. 1309 Fairfield Av.
O'Brien, Alfred S., 971 Wood Av.
Schwartz, L. H., 853 Colorado Av.
Shapiro, Chas. H., 493 Fairfield Av.
Solomon, Joseph, 1310 Park Av.
Stelber, Theodore S., 346 State
Weiss, Leopold, 1438 Main
Wittenstein, Rabbi Wm., 91 Barnum
Av.
Colchester
Blum, B., Box 17
Cohen Bros., Box 194
Cohen, H.
Elgart, H.
GeTlert, Saml.
Jaffe, Abram, R. F. D,
Kantrowltz, Rabbi A.,
Kllngon, Moses
Mintz, H.
Stern, Saml. L.
No. 1
Box 184
Danbury
Benigson, H. E., 3 Tower PI.
Cohen, Max, 55 Maple Av.
Daltz, Henry I., Jr., 32 Hoyt
Dick, Harry, 47 Ballnforth 4v.
Dick, Henry, 7 Deloy
Frohman, A., 69 Ballnforth Av.
Heyman, H. J., 63 Rose
Jacobs, R. W., 90 Elm
Krakow, R., 58 White
Landsman, Nathan, 67 West
Pollack, J. G., 45 Pleasant
Spiro, Nathan
Susnitzky, A., 75 West
Susnitzky, Harold, 16 Center
Tasch, Saml. W., 99 Deer Hill
Wengrow, Irving, 30 Spring
Derby
Bennett, L., 187 Main
Cohen, Meyer, 138 Olivia
Hartford
Special Membebs
Elmer, Solomon, 277 Windsor Av.
Katz, Louis H., 6 Florence
Lyon, B., 140 Warrington Av.
Wise, Isidore, 810 Prospect Av.
Annual Members
Abramson, Morris, 12 Magnolia
Bashlow, S., 1162 Main
Beckanstein, E. I., 344 Albany A v.
Berman, Saul, 70 Windsor Av.
Cantarow, Dr. S., 73 Windsor Av.
Cohn, Ellas, 32 Kennedy
Dragat, Harris, 52 Wooster
Epstein, Herman I., 289 Sargoant
Ettelson, Rev. Harry W., 121 Vine
Falk, Morris S., 27 Pleasant
Felnberg, Louis, 52 Dearfield Av.
Flnesllver, Nathan H., 333 Capen
Finkelstein, Frank, 178 State
Freedman, Harris, 120 Wooster
Glnsburg, Dr. H. A., 47 Center
Glassman, Geo. M., 241 Franklin At.
Goldberg, I. E., 1109 Main
Goldenthal, M., 159 Affleck
Goldstein. J., 207 Maple Av.
Greenberg, Leon, 190 Trumbull
Gross, Norman, 25 Winthrop
Harris, Herman, 94 Hudson
Hartman, Emanuel M., 211 Collins
Hartman, Saml., 231 State
Heilpern, Jos. S., 287 Sargeant
Herrup, S. R., 52 Buckingham
24
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
419
Herrup, Saml. E., 44 Mahl Av.
Hoffenberg, Jos. A., 16 Village
Hoffman, Abraham, 35 Brook
Jacobs, Isaac, 14 wooster
Jalnchill, J., 27 Morgan
Joseph, Henry, 58 Elmer
Kaplan, Hyman, 158 Clark
Katz, Abraham A., 80 Pleasant
Katz, J., 21 Winthrop
Kemler, Louis E., 75 Pleasant
Kopelman, Jos. I., 28 Winthrop
Kopplemann, H. P., 83 Canton
Krathamer, Max
Levin, H., 33 Congress
Levin, Dr. Herman, 362 Vine
Levlne, Dr. Sinclair S., 69 Windsor
Levy, H. P., 96 Main
Levy, Joslah W., 904 Main
Lewitt, Dr. Abr., 71 Windsor Av.
Llftlg, Dr. M. D., 112 Windsor A v.
Maisler, Max, 378 Windsor Av.
Melrose, Henry, 26 Kennedy
Older, Morris, 47 Mahl Av.
Porlss, R., 128 Bellevue
Porrls, I., 322 Maple Av.
Rablnowltz, Frank, 17 Suffield
Ravlch, Isaac, 18 Suffield
Rawlck, B., 26 Village
Rlckman, Saml. J., 184 Albany Av.
Rlvkln, M. S., 50 Magnolia
Rlvkln, Nathan F., 11 Florence
Rodensky, I., 137 Bellevue
Rosenthal, Saml., 96 Windsor
Schwolsky, Jacob, 91 Wooster
Sears, Dr. D. M., 153 Windsor Av.
Segal, Jos., 135 Bellevue
Seltzer, B., 54 Winthrop
Spalter, S., 5 Center
Sudarsky, J. M., 253 Market
Sulsman, M., 141 Windsor
Wachtel, Barney, 376 Front
Meriden
Bunlmowltz, Benj., 16 Cedar
Bush, Alexander. 268 N. Colony
Derecktor. E., 39 Crown
FIghtlin, S., 150 Pratt
Freed, Saml., 1 Olive
Classman, Geo. M., 58 Lewis Av.
Goldstein, A., 58 Lewis Av.
Gross, O., 42 W. Main
Mag, Henry J., 72 Twlss
Rosenblatt, B., 28 Maple
White, S., 47 Veteran
Middletown
Anenberg, Jacob, 542 Main
Frank, Max, 49 College
Perlln, Zodeck, 86 Union
Poliner, Jacob, 458 Main
Press, Harry, 28 Pearl Connecticut
Shapiro, H., 51 Sunner
New Britain
Cohen, Aaron G., 223 Main
Drazen, Edward, 56 Winthrop
Edelson, Louis, c/o P. J. Murray Co.
Enoch, Albert H., 340 Main
Fielberg, Maurice, 294 Main
Goldstein, I. M., 33 Dewey
Lelkln, Dr. Wm., 450 Main
LeWltt, George, 227 North
LeWitt, M. C, 71 Russel
Mag, N. B., 35 Seymour
Miller, B., 96 Lake
Pearson, P., 124 Glen
Raphael, M., 222 E. Main
Rothfeder, I., 378 Main
Shurberg, S., 69 Franklin
Volkenhelmer, Dr. M., 458 Main
Washkowitz, Saml., 41 North
Welinsky, S., 146 Hartford Av.
New Haven
Apael, M., 104 Csm^reas At»
Adlen J., 506 Whintropp Av.
Adler, Mfl3f, 127 Orpcde
Alder man, M. H^t iTl-vJ ronprpss A v.
Alpett Bam J., 174 WxiPhlDfrton A v.
Asher, Hflrrv W., 674 Orange
Avinfin, fiohcrt; H'i Wintor
Berman, Bornett, S3 Broad
Ra^dflEioir. Jfltiob. 42 Emprson
BoRda-Qoff, L.^ 249 DI swell Av.
Capl^n, Jacob, 42 Phiirch
Cohen, Clias., 141 Tn]p Station
Espin, ^aml., 2fi Vf^rnrm
Friedman, A. M^ 388 Whallej A v.
Gam, Isidore, 45 White
Gamm, Philip, 287 Congress Av.
Glonskin, Ellas L., 272 Dwlght
Goldberg, Geo., 37 Sylvan Av.
Goldberg, Dr. S. J., 322 George
Goldman, Dr. Geo.. 1 Howe
Gordon, Israel, 696 Elm
Gurlan, Morris W., 395 Orange
Hershman, Dr. A. A., 6 High
Hoffman, D., 295 Blake
Horchow, Reuben, Yale Station
Hyman, Robert E., 88 Brown
Jacobs, Alexander, 7 Waverly
Junior Boys Club, 87 Asylum
Kaufman, I., 107 Sherman Av.
Kleiner, Chas., 288 Willow
Kleiner, Isaac L., 39 Howe
Koskoff, I., 27 Sylvan Av.
Lander, A., 865 Chapel
Lax, Dr. Albert, 825 Grand Av.
Lear, Dr. Maxwell, 33 Sylvan Av.
15
25
Digitized by
Google
420
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Connecticut T^-ylDe, Alfred M.. 126 Oak
I.Snks k LItjkfi, 010 Howard A v.
Mann, Louis U» 262 Cwntier
iMorllss, Frederick, 20 Orchard
NalhaaaoD, S. J.. 18 How*?
Newtnatj, jRCob X, 380 St, Roussn
Pearlln, Nntliao, H^TI Harvard Av.
Podoloff, A., aOT Ellfl worth
Press, ,L. 47 Kt?ti«lnffttiti
Rr>i]il£, Hnrr/, Kii! i'lavfinport A v.
Rl?k!n. Da Fit! E., l^'I DaveDport Av.
Roacnfeld, fjotjls, CO Congress Av,
RcisoITt M^. bo Park
Euhln. J. H., 102 A ton
Backs. M., 9T Oflk
Scihnplrler, CbflB,* 325 ShcUoo A v.
l^hMrp, ln\ J., 4 Of Oi^nr)?!^
a ml mow, Dr/M. R.. R62 Howard Av.
Soseaskv. N. W.. ^r.:l TMxwell Av*
StarlD. H. L., 0^^ 'rpojufl
atclnbach, A, D., 101 Khorman A v.
Tillman, Isaac >L, 5^8 Whitaey Av.
ninian, .To^< A,. 5 Tmmbutl
WclnstPln. Jaool^ 4T Sylvan. Av,
Wolfe, Isaac, 88 Cottage
New London
Abramaoa, S,, 27 Cburcli
Ballne, B. M.. 14 Mnln
BiMp^radet L.t ^fi Den^Bon A v.
Eoj'er. Max, t*2 Bradley
Diamond, iBadore* IS Shore
Grfton, B.* 125 Bank
H^^nkle, E. A,, fil Federal
Iloilatidprskv. B. .?>, 247 tluntlngton
TtKkcnyltz* S.. 30S Mala
LiOichanRky, MofHa. 41 Federal
Nil mm, LiuTwU. J 6 Rnnk
ncUoonf^ffn Sol., 1B2 Green
i^hafner, S., 204 Mr In
Sknldwaky. -Toa,, 30 Truman
BoItK, Dr. Thoa., 85 State
Levin, M., 251 W. Main
Rosenberg, J. N., 255 W. Main
Rubin, Ch., 204 W. Main
Smith, Elkin, 55 W. Main
South Horwalk
Davis, J., 85 Washington
Gans, Edward M.
Golden, L., 68 Washington
Greenstein, Saml.
Navasky, M., 57 Woodward
Prensky, L., 14 Lincoln Drive
Roodner, H.. 106 Cedar.
Rosenthal, Dr. I., 104 Main
Simpson, Jos. H., 29 S. Main
Stamford
Adier, Noflft, 4f> Hawthorn
ToheD, Jeanette L., 40 Brown
DIchter, Dr. C. L., 19 St. John'8 PI.
ElliR, A. M.. 4r> Warren
Frankdt H;> n^A Summer
Fre*?dman, JnlluB. West Av.
Drcnnberf I M,, 30 Ro&s Park
Nemoltln, Dr. 1. M„ 06 MaJn
Newstad, H., 200 Atlantic
Perlinan. M., S5 Main
Phillips, Albert, Tm Forest
Projector, Dr. n., 574 Main
Speike, A-, 302 Summer
Wftffner, S., 140 Atlantic
Warshaw, Max» 120 Mvrtk* Aw.
WelswfiiRti. Jacfib, 13 Fairfield Av.
Wi^^Ier, rhnrlPii N., ITjO Kim
Wolfsey. Abraham, 85 Pacific
Zatkin, S., 737 Main
Thompsonville
Aronson, S. H., 41 Pearl
Rapaport, Oscar, 5 S. Main
Norwalk
Dulberg, M., 24 High
Finkler, Wm. K., 544 Main
Glickson, A., 10 Main
Jesen, M., 32 Chapel
Stern, S., 93 Main
Stull, M., Main & School
Weinstein, A., 43 Chapel
Norwich
Alofsen, H., 2d, 18 Sturtevant Av.
Blumenthal, N., ,20 High
Cramer, A., 66 School
Gordon, David N., 259 W. Main
Waterbury
AleianderH HluUns, 278 N* Main
Eerman, Dr. M. D., 220 N, Main
Bernstein, Philip N., fi5 Bamk
Bo rod kin, Kiff^on, llfhr, laatUnte
Ganchcr. Dr. J., 230 N. Main
Green, Dr. .L H.. 14B N. Main
Herzenberg Brcra., 215 Bank
HerjEenbt^r^, John .T„ 227 Bank
Soroch, Mflttbi^w, 25G N. Main
Sossln, Solomfju. 50 nawklns
R wire a, Habbi David B., 06 Park Av.
Trail rig". Wm^t S3 Abbot A v.
Wellington, S, A., 34 Walnnt A v.
WintjBteln, K, 148 N. Main
26
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
421
DELAWARE
Delaware
Middletown
Pogel, Mrs. A.
Odesia
Sacks, Benj.
Seaford
Greenabaum. E.
Van Leer, Cnas.
Wilmington
Special Membbb
Snellenburg, David, 218 W. 14th
Annual Mbmbbbs
Barsky, Nathan, 904 West
Berman, J., 1200 Walnut
Brener, Chas. K., 724 Market
Brenner, Max, 305 Market
Brown, M.. 207 W. 2d
Chaikin, Morris. 214 W. 4th
Paber, Jacob, 724 King
Feinberg, Saml., 806 King
Finger, Aaron, 800 W. 20th
Finger, Matthias, 800 W. 20th
Frankfurt, S., 611 Shipley
Freedman, H., 610 W. 3d
Ginns, James N., 1910 Boulevard
Gluckman, Barnet, 402 W. 3d
Guldateln, Nothaji. 301 King
Grpenbanm, B., 1216 Market
Hunl^, Henrj' 403 Washlngtoti
Hlrsohman. Alexander, 406 Tatnall
Kaoofsky, H., B05 W. 0th
Kci). Aaron, 2005 Boialcvard
Keih iMax, 300 B. 4 th
Kety. Harry, 7th A Spring
Kreahtool, Dr. I. K., 835 Market
Krtchevgky, Imac, 1200 Tatnftll
Laub. Dankt S., 424 Market
Tjevy, MorrlB, 223 Marliet
Mfilii, C. 714 King
M 1 ] le r, Cb as . , ] B 1 2 W ash i ngton
MEfier. r., 122 Market
Miller, Nathan, 213 Market
Eosenblatt, Jacob, 205 Washington
Eorisraati, Dr. T>.. 303 ^, BeaM
Rotbchlld, Albert. Si 4 Wi at
SchagrltJ, Chfls. W., G08 Market
Scher David N\, 3d & Kiivi^
Sfonsky, L., eth &. Lincoln
Thompson, Jacob. 301 W. 7th
Took Is, ChBs., 20 th k BouhnaHl
Topkla, DaTfd U, 420 W. 22d
Tupkls, Hairy, 41S W, Slst
Topkia, I^uls. 104 E. 4th
Topkia. Wm,. 408 W. 21at
Wt^lss, S., 000 Union
White, Raymond. 227 Delsware Av.
Wilmington Institute Ffee Llhrary
Woifman, BenJ., 503 Market
DISTBIOT OF
Washington
LiBBARY MbMBEBS
Berliner, B., 1458 Columbia Bd.
Hecht, Alex., 515 7th, N. W.
Special Mbmbebs
Hopefermaler, Lewis, 3401 N, N. W.
Kann, Simon, 8th & Pa. Av., N. W.
Annual Mbmbebs
Ahavaa Zion Soc. 1223 6tb, N. W.
Alpher, Dave, 1M4 1st
Augenstelti. S. W., 1520 H
Baumgartrn, J., 1033 ISth, N. W.
Behrend, K. A,, 2118 P. K. W.
Behrend, Dp. B. B.. 1K54 Baltlmi-»re
Behrend, U. B.. ISll Wyoming: Av,
Bloom, Dr Rudolnh, 601 Q^ N. W.
Blout, I. r.., 710 7th, N. W.
Boakstabtr, Dr. J., 12 Orant Vh,
N. W.
Cohen, Loula J.. 1400 4th, N. W.
Cohen, Max, 500 7th, N. W.
Cohen, Myer, 2146 Wyoming Av.
27
OOLXnCBIA
Daltch, Joseph. 3267 M, N. W.
David, Levi H.. 2834 27th
Eisemann, J., 1842 Kalorama Rd.
Pink, Reuben, 1501 11th, N. W.
Fischer, S. H., 1744 Larler PI. End
FIshel, A. N., 2614 Commercial Av.,
N. W.
Freedman, J., 1021 Florida Av.,
N E
Freiidberg, A., 61 K, N. W.
Glchner, Fred. S., 1214 D, N. W.
Gluck, Wm. Sm 1811 Wyoming Av.
Glushak, Dr. Leopold, 1440 K
Gordon, Dr. Chas., 704 M, N. W.
Gottlieb, L. S., 615 Irving
Grosner, I., 1013 Pa. Av., N. W.
Grossman, Ben. L., 435 Mass. Av.,
N. W.
Heilprin, G. F., 2620 University PI.
Hillman, Joel, 1831 Belmont Rd.
Jacobson, M. L., 3430 Mt. Pleasant
Jaffe, S. S., 3411 33d PI.
Kafka, Mra. J., F & 10th
Kaufman, Dr. H. M., 1775 Burling-
ton Apt.
District of
Columbia
Digitized by
Google
433
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
District of Landsburgh, Jas., 3511 14th. N. W.
Columbia Laveson. Dr. H., The Cumberland
Lyon, Simon, The Ontario
Mendelsohn, A., 918 Ist, N. W.
Musher, N., 2849 Conn. Av.
Nelson, H., 608 Eye, N. E.
Newhouse, Dr. BenJ., 1136 6th, N. W.
Oppenheimer, Mrs. G., 1316 Belmont
Oppenheimer, Mrs. S., 1409 New
York Av.
Pelzman, Fred. M., Southern Bldg.
Peyser, J. I., 1940 Biltmore, N. W.
Reamer, Edward, 1512 N. Capital
Rich, M. M.. 1448 Harvard, N. W.
Robbin, S., 602 Mass. Av.
Rosenbloom, Maurice, 316* P, N. W.
Sachs, Wm. M., 735 8th, S. B.
Sacks, Saml. M.. 1000 N, N. W.
Sandberg, Harry, 1402 14th, N. W.
Schneider, BenJ., B., 464 H, N. W.
Schwartz, C, 3141 Mt. Pleasant
Schwartz, Nathan B., 123 U, N. E.
Scottish Rite, The, 3d & E
Simon, Rev. A., 2802 Cathedral Av.
Small, Isador E., 724 5th. N. W.
S lomon, Joseph, 3313 16th
Stein, J. M., 1421 Belmont, N. W.
Stein, Morris, 1533 9th. N. W.
Stem, Rev. L., 1315 Columbia Rd.
Strasburger, Miiton, 319 John Mar-
shall PL, N. W.
Strausburger, Jos., The Kenesaa
Temin, Joe, 509 4%, S. W.
The Scottish Rite. 3d & E
Tobriner, Leon, 1434 Rhode Island
Av., N. W.
Washington Heb. Congr., I. L. Bloat,
Pres., 806 7th, N. W.
Wilner, J. A, 144 Randolph PL
N. W.
Wolf, Alexander, 2653 Woodley Rd.
Wolf, David, The Ashley, Apt. 63
Wolf, Hon. Simon, 63 Woodward
Bldg.
Wolpoff, Mrs. A., 3126 Dumberts Av.
Yoelson, M. R., 713 4%, S. W.
Y. M. H. A.. E. Lester Man, Pres.,
1123 5th, N. W.
Florida
Arcadia
Rosin, S.
Fernandina
Turch, A. M.
FLORIDA
Key West
Kirchik, Gutman, 706 Duval
Lebovit, J., 128 Duval
Markowitz, J.
Wolkowsky, A.
Oainesville
Greenberg, Abraham, 707 E. Main
University of Florida
Jacksonville
Altmayer, Saml., Monroe Hotel
Barchan, Leopold, 319 W. Bay
Endel, Albert M., 1502 Lama
Plnkelstein, Gabriel. 717 W. Adams
Flnkelstein, Neal, 139 W. Ashley
Goldstein, I., 522 Monroe
Goodman, Edward, 118 W. Ashley
GrunthaL Rudolph, 9 W. State
Harris, Dr. H. H., 1861 St. Johns
Av.
Hirschberg, Julius, 1417 Blvd.
Kaufman, David
K!!rr><*r, t)r. T^asw^r, 701 W. Adams
I^vlson, A.. ItWi l.auia
Llppman, Gabe
Mjperheira, Fr.* 345 K. Adam
NoviUkv. H. R., 1524 Laura
RoaenbeVff, n., IIOS W. Mtiucoc
BoBPDbprff, Wm., 35 B, Bay
Scbwiirt55< SamL, SU W. Duvfll
Wnltpr, Philip Hot^jl Monroo
WeLnkle, M. J., 404 Stuart
Miami
Dublirer, Saml., 600 Av. G
Ocola
Brown, Jake
Fruchtman, M.
Slott, A.
Palatka
Brown, M. S.
Pensacola
Ackerman, Rabbi Wm., 503 N. Bar-
celona
Greenhut, A., 306 Belmont
Lischkoff, A., 815 N. Spring
Tampa
Cracowance, Daniel, 104 Cress •
Palk, Offln, 804 Grand Central Av.
Hecht, Alex., 714JHain
Katz, Manuel, 7l7Main
Maas, Isaac, 223 Hyde Park Av.
Rosenthal, I., 1432 Franklin
Steinberg, Ed. H.
Ybor
Katz, Adam, 1430 Ybor City
28
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
423
GEORGIA
Georgia
Albany
Special Membbr
Farkas, Saml.
Annual Membbrs
Heimer, M.
Landau, Rev. E. A., 511 Commerce
Sterne, S.
Americus
Glanz, Nathan
Pearlman, I.
Athens
Goldwasser, Mrs. B., 37.S Hancock
Av.
Hirsch, Rabbi P. K., 312 Dougherty
Isseron, Saml.
Michael, M. G., Box 22
Morris, Lee
University of Georgia, Library of
Atlanta
Abelman, P., 262 Capitol Av.
Abelman, Simon, 262 Capitol Av.
Abelson, A., 605 S. Pryor
Abelson, Harry, 216 Capitol Av.
Alexander, Hon. Hooper, U. S. Dis-
trict Atty.
Baumrind, Max, 181 Rawson
Boorstein, S. A., Atlanta Natl. Bk.
Bldg.
Brodie, BenJ. M.. 322 Woodward Av.
Eplan, Leon, 306 Central Av.
Peldman, S., 225 Irving
Field, J. S., 158 Cooper
Prank, Leo il., 52 Washington Ter.
Frank, M^ 1009 Century Bldg.
Prankel, I., 34 Decatur
Freedman, Jos. A., 276 Capitol Av.
Herskowitz, Albert, 422 Glenn
Herzberg, M., 22 Howell Av.
Heyman, Arthur, 366 Washington
Hirsch, E., 136 Capitol Av.
Hirsch, Harold, 70 Waverly Way
Hirshberg, I. A., 218 Washington
Hirsowltz. I. B., 136a Capitol Av.
Hyman, H. Joseph, 90 Capitol Av.
Jacobs, M. B., 15 Larkin
Kohn, G.. 424 Washington
Leavitt, J. H., 422 Grant Bldg.
Uchtenstein, H., 300 Capitol Av.
Lichtenstein, M., 192 E. Pair
Llebman, I., 311 Washington
Marx, Rev. David, 354 Washington
Meyer, A. A., Atlanta Natl. Bk. Bldg.
Ney, A., 110 Decatur
Oberdorfer, E., 1124 Piedmont A v.
Rouglln, Dr. L. C, 148 Capitol Av.
Silverman, Harry, 47 N. Pryor
SmulUan, S., 139 E. Fair
Sugarman, M. T., 514 Hurt Bldg.
Williams, John, 91 Gilmer
Augusta
Cohen, C. H.
Heymann, M.
Levy, A., 316 Dyer Bldg.
Reich, Dr. Leo, Leonard Bldg.
Schneider, J., 233 Ellis
Brunswick
Borchardt, B.
Gordon, A. J.
Lessner, J. J.
Mendes, A. de Sola
Pfelffer, Fred
Columbus
Hirsch, Addle, 1124 4th Av.
Rosenthal, Rabbi P. L., 1215 5th Av.
Macon
Bloch, Mrs. M., 140 Appleton Av.
Block, A., 810 Mulberry
Goldgar, B., 403 Spring
Heimer, M., Box 404
Hirsch, Jacob, 610 4th
Rome
Elsserman, Mrs. P^, 10 5th Av.
Halsfield, M., 904 Broad
Rome Lodge, No. 693, I. O. B. B.,
c/o Max Meyerhardt, Pres.
Savannah
Alexander, A. R.. 118 Bryant, W.
Apple, Mark, 306 Liberty, W.
Bluestein, L., 312 B. Huntingdon
Blumberg, I., 119 E. Liberty
Blumenthal, M., 115 W. 36th
Buchenholz, A., 217 Congress, W.
Cohen, H., 516 W. York
Davis, G., 219 W. Perry
Dub, B., 3 Gordon, W.
Ehrenrelch, H. S., 213 W. 38th
Feldelson, C. N., 513 E. Broughton
Friedman, S.. 525 W. York
Gardner, J., 209 Park Av.
Gazan, Jacob, 122 E. 37th
Gazan, Simon N., 1716 Barnard
Harris, L., 117 W. 37th
Hezog, Alva G., 101 W. 38th
Hurowltz, H., 355 W. Broad
Jewish Educ. Alliance
Kadis, 1., c/o Jewish Educ. Alliance
29
Digitized by
Google
424
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Georgia Lehwald, S., Congress & Whltaker
Lewln, Geo., 211 B. Jones
Llchtenstein, Jos., 206 State, E.
Upsitz, M., 120 W. Broughton
Mendel, Alex., 517 W. ISTth
Mendel, C, Park Av. & Paulsen
Mendel, J.
Meyers, B. L., 115 W. Broad
Mirsky, N. J^ 304 W. 40tli
Mohr, A., 7 Gordon, W.
Paderewskl, Mrs. A., 351 W. Broad
Ranzln, A., 318 W. Park Av.
Ranzln, J., 309 W. Hall
Roos, Mrs. Jos., 1 Bradley
Rosenthal, E. W., 115 E. 36th
Silver, A. J., 106 W. 38th
Silver, I., 124 B. Oglethorpe Av.
Solomon, Rev. Dr. G., 19 E. 46th
Sutker, Alex., 306 W. York
Sutker, Jacob. 324 Bryan, W.
Sutker, L., 413 W. Jones
Weitz, B., 18 W. 38th
Thomasvllle
Felnberg, H., 131 E. Calhone
Pelnberg, W., 512 Crawford
Wise, H., Box 374
Wayoross
Orovitz, M.
Rosenthal, J., 12 Mary
Rosen zwige, S.
Weisser, H. J.
Yermovsky, H.
Tallnlah
Magid, Louis B.
West Point
Heyman, Mrs. B.
nilnois
ILLINOIS
Alton
Levin, L., 203 State
Newport, Joe H., 314 Belle
Rubenstein, J. J., 500 Belle
Sissel, Henry, Plasa & 3d
Wittels Mer. Co., N. S., 202 State
Bellville
Special Membeb
Barr Bros., N. High
Annual Members
Borman, B.
Weiler, Abe, 223 N. Church
Bloomington
Livingston, Albert, 602 E. Gross
Livingston, Albert, 701% E. Wash.
Livingston, Sig^ Livingston Bldg.
Ochs, Herman S^ Greisheim Bldg.
Tick, Morris, 707 W. Front
Cairo
Dee, Jack, 712 Commercial Av.
Kaufman, A., 423 11th
Kaufman, Max, 408 9th
Michelson, S. J., 1610 Poplar
White, Saml., 612 Washington Av.
Carmi
Haas, L.
Shoemann, Albert
Champaign
Special Membebs
Kaufman, J. M.
Kuhn, Isaac, 304 W. Hill
Wolff, C. A., 309 W. University Ay.
Chicago
Life Members
Fish, Mrs. Jos„ 1811 Prairie Av.
Leven, Ben., 75 Monroe
Rosenwald, Julius, 4901 Ellis Av.
LiBBABY Members
Peder, Harry. 1233 N. Hoyne Av.
Klee, Max, 1200 Milwaukee Av.
Leopold, N. P., 3223 Michigan Av.
Rosenfleld Bros. & Co., 169 W. Ran-
dolph
Special Members
Abraham, A., 3060 E. 92d
Adler, Sydney, 5356 Michigan Av.
Alschuler, Leon S., 4363 Greenwood
Becker, A. G., 5132 Bast End Av.
Bernstein, Fred., 6136 Eberhart Av.
BInswanger, A^ 3342 S. Park Av.
D'Ancona, A. C., Van Buren & San-
gamon
Davis, I. C, 6752 Evans Av.
Davis, Jos., 1060 Milwaukee Av.
Davis, M., 1049 Garfield Blvd.
Davis, Saml., 621 Buckingham PI.
DeLee, Dr. J. B., 5028 Bills Av.
Diamond, Jacob, 5 N. LaSalle
Ettelson, S. A., 3315 Calumet Av.
80
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
425
Flesh, Joel W. S., 164 B. Pearson
Frank, Herman, 4709 mils Av.
Frldus, Dr. S. L., 1809 W. 47th
Greenspan, S., 602 N. 48th Ay.
Grollman, I., 1201 W. Jackson Blvd.
GroHmau, Louis, fS2iO Tnrtin^- At.
tlorwlch, E.f Indt ' iii lii i:,:.
Kfllin, H.. 7800 Bond A v.
Kalio^ LoDta. 0103 Coinnierclal At,
KJafter, D. S.. 64 W. StaBdolph
Koenlgsberg, S., 1232 N, Ho^^ne A v.
Kreeger. JVL, 212 W. OBd
LackritK, H. N., 11 11 N, Hoyne A?*
LevliiBon, II. C, 018 E. 51st
Lk'berniau. L K., 432 E, 45th
Webermau, J. L..^ 58*J4 Mlehii^an Ay.
Lieberman. M. M,, 5216 Mich. Ay,
Lurle, H. J-, B153 Mkhl^an At.
Narden, G. J.. 51flH Mlchlj^an Av.
Ottenhdmer, D. U., 440J> Prairie Av.
Phlllipson. K., 031 Shcrldaa Rd,
R^jKi*':!!, Mevpr, 22 4 S W. Taylor
Kubovlta. Toby, 44^19 Dreiel Blvd.
8a bath, Hon. A, J., 200G B. Asbland
Av.
Slnal. B. J^ 611 People's Gas Bldg.
Sklbelsky, Dr. J. W., 9144 Commer-
cial Av.
Soboroff, Saml., 2900 Jackson Blvd.
Sommerfeld, J., Medlnah Bldg.
Stein, E., 4850 Kimbark Av.
Turner. A., 1444 S. Sangamon
Ware, S. N., 4537 Woodlawn Av.
Wolf, Saml., 122 N. Halsted
Wolpert, Dr. B. B., 8747 Commercial
Av.
Wormser, Leo F., 4737 Kingbark Av.
Annual Membebs
Aaron, Harry, 1106 W. 63d
Abello, Dr. J. M., 3304 Douglas Blvd.
Abrahamson, B., 917 Blue Island Av.
Abrahamson, Dr. S., 1226 S. Halsted
Abrams, B., 810 S. Ashland Blvd.
Ackerman, B. L., 734 S. Ashland
Blvd.
Adler, Miss C, 1219 E. 53d
Adler, Mrs. D., 5131 Ingleside Av.
Adler, Dr. H. I., 1516 S. RIdgeway
Av.
Agulnick, M., 1531 Edgemont
Alban, Jos., 4104 W. Madison
Alexander, D. T., 1413 S. Sawyer Av.
Alschuler, M., 1320 S. Millard Av.
Ansher, A. D., 1570 N. Hoyne Av.
Arbetman, Mrs. P., 509 Franklin
Aren, Dr. M. L., 739 W. 12th
Arkin, A. E., 1102 N. Oakley Blvd.
Arkln, I. C, 5306 S. Michigan Av.
Augustus, M., 5721 Prairie Av.
Austern, B. L., 3048 E. 92d
Axel man, M„ 5337 PralHe A v. Illlnoli
Bach, Mrs. E„ 3432 Miebleitin Av.
Bahr. H. A,, 5158 Tncllana At,
Baraf^tt; Dr. iL, 1020 %V. 12th
Baskln, B. H., 1314 Ashland BIk.
Bauer, L, L., Aahland Blk.
Beck man, I., 105 W, M on roe
BelUn, L.. 2710 N. Ki^dzti? Av.
Bellack, B, H^, BT20 Harper Av.
Benjamin, A., 1320 S. Millard
BeneiDser, B. E,, 623 S. Wabash Av.
Ben-znlak. L. A., 441 Uoslyn PI.
BcrksoQ, E., 1335 S, Turntsr Av.
BfTkfitm, Jm flT4 W. esd
Rerkaon, ^L, 47:10 Michigan Av.
Berk^on, M„ 1444 Blue laland Av.
BerliEheimer, H, J., 5038 Wayne Av.
Bernheim, J., 1335 Nowborry A v.
BernstelEJi, A., 1231) Independence
Blvd.
Berniteln, A, U, 6004 Aberdeen
Bernstein, B. Ei., 2900 W, 12th
Bernstf?In, G. D., 4607 Calumet A v.
BlnkawJt3E, S. D,, 84& Ainslee
Blrkt*natelij, Ai., 936 Wilson Av.
Blrkt-nateln, D., &Oii Winona Av,
Blrkensteln, H., 450 Wripbtwood
Blrkeneteln, L., 444 Wright wood
Bloch. M. M., 1087 W. 12th
Block. A. I., 5ft3a Prairie At,
Block, A. L, S413 Buffalo At.
Bloom, S., 1019 B. Halsted
Bhmtnly^rs, H., 72& W, 60th PI,
Blum, H. S-, 1811 S. Troy
Boosel, Jos*, 1420 AablaQd Blk,
BoruBteln. M., 1217 K 4Tth
Borovik, J., 3254 Pierce A v.
Briiucr, J., 6702 S. Halsted
Breast one, Ifon^ I\ B., County Bldg.
Brkkln, Aaron, 139 N. Clark
Brotman, Mrs. G., 1131 S. Albany
Av.
Brown, B. J., 905 Ashland Blk.
Brown, Harry, 1652 S. Homan Av.
Buchsbaum, S., 5430 Michigan Av.
Burman, Leon, 2442 W. Taylor
Burr, M., 1220 Independence Blvd.
Callner, Jas. M., 3151 W. 15th
Cannon, Dr. Jos. G., 1145 Blue Is-
land Av.
Cardon, Rabbi A. I., 1210 S. Homan
Av.
Chones, Wm., 5320 Prairie Av.
Chulock, Dr. A. W., 2109 LeMoyne
Cohen, A. E., 1611 S. Trumbull Av.
Cohen, B. E., 1224 Blue Island Av.
Cohen, C. E., 1812 S. Troy
Cohen, Edw., 9125 Exchange Av.
Cohen, Geo. E., 1339 S. Central Park
Av.
Cohen, H., 1008 Ashland Blvd.
81
Digitized by
Google
426
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
niinois Cohen, H. A., 4818 S. Michigan Blvd.
Cohen, 1 , 848 Junior Ter,
Cohen, I.. ,'574 Tj Dcjii^^us Blvd.
Cohen, J., aG42 Douglas Blvd.
Cohen, J. X, 123 W. MadiaoD
Cohen, L., 140T S. Halstt^d
Cohen, L. S., 1422 S. Trumbull Av.
Cohen, M., S051 Douglaa Blvd.
Cohn, A., 3m7 Douglas Blvd.
Cohn, C. II,, mUH Cftluraet
Cohn, Job., 5400 S. Michigan Blvd.
Cohn, Sy 3415 W. Adams
Cohn, W.. 504 S. Paulina
Cohns, Chas. L., 64 E. 50th
Cohon, Rabbi S. S., 4100 Wash. Blvd.
Comroe, Dr. Jos. I., 651 B. 47th
Conheim, Max, 6440 Prairie Av.
Cooper, Saml., 438 W. 63d
Com, Sam A., 4510 Calumet Av.
Cowen, Israel, 437 B. 48th
Cowen, Millie, 3218 S. Park Av.
D*Ancona, E. N., Stock Exch. Bldg.
Daughters of Israel, 1231 S. Homan
Av.
David, Mrs. J. B., 4359 Grand Blvd.
Davis, Abel, 5125 Ellis Av.
Davis, Dr. H. I.. 5177 Michigan Av.
Davis, Meyer, 1003 Milwaukee Av.
Davis, Mrs. S. P., 3126 Washington
Blvd.
Decker, Herbert, 709 Roscoe
De Kofsky, P., 2063 S. Sawyer Av.
De Koven, Dr. B., 3259 Douglas
Blvd.
Delson, Louis J., 105 W. Monroe
Dentlebaum, Leopold, c/o Chicago
Home for Jewish Orphans, 6208
Drexel Av.
Deutsch, Dr. H. S., 3601 W. 12th
Deutsch, Saml., 4936 Ellis Av.
Dick, M. J., 838 Ashland Blvd.
Drach, J., 5446 Michigan Av.
Drefkoff, M. W., 4235 Grand Blvd.
Dressner, J., 918 Lakeside PI.
Drozdowitz, Dr. A., 1310 S. Avers
Dulsky, L., 1246 S. Albany Av.
Edelman, L., 510 Ashland Blk.
Edelson, R., 3423 Douglas Blvd.
Eisenberg, C. J., 3539 Douglas Blvd.
Elsenberg, I., 1516 S. Kedzie Av.
Eisenberg, I. J., 3539 Douglas Blvd.
Elsendrath, B. D., 220 W. Lake
Elsendrath, H. J., 1302 N. Halsted
Elsenstaedt, J. I., 3330 S. Park Av.
Eisenstaedt, R., 431 E. 48th
Eisler, A., 110 S. Homan
Eisler, Chas., 2222 Orchard
Eliassof, H., 5256 Indiana Av.
Elkan, H., 18 W. Austen
EUbogen, M., 4532 Woodlawn Av.
Elman, H., 1355 W. 14th
Emanuel Sabbath School, 561 Mel-
rose
Emdln, Rev. B., 1600 Center Av.
Farber, Dr. A. J., 3161 W. 12th
Farber, Wm., 914 Ashland Blvd.
Farrol, Mrs. B., 1343 B. 53d
Feinstein, A., 641 Buckingham PI.
Feldman, Wmi, 11 W. Monroe
Feldsher, Dr. Noah Z., 1219 W. 12th
Felsenthal, Eli B.. 4608 Drexel Blvd.
Ferson, Mrs. B., 3211 Wash. Blvd.
Fine, L. M., 1540 S. Homan Av.
Fischkln, Harris, 2038 Le Moyne
Fisher, Hon. M.. City Hall
Flatau, Sol., 230 B. Garfield Blvd.
Flexner. Bernard, 112 W. Adams
Fiorsheim, Simon, Lakota Hotel
Foreman, Henry G., 40 N. Dearborn
Foreman, Oscar G., 30 N. LaSalle
Fox, Moses, 442 E. 45th
Fox, Dr. N. I., 3403 Douglas Blvd.
Frank, Henry L^ 1608 Prairie Av.
Frank, Jacob, 1761 W. Madison
Frankel, Dr. D. A., 1392 Milwaukee
Av.
Frankel, Dr. H. L., 1579 Milwaukee
Av.
Frankenstein, W. B., 826 Buena Av.
Franklin, I. J., 6328 S. Sangamon
Frazin, A. L., 8915 Commercial Av.
Freeman, D., 1604 N. Washtenaw
Av.
Freund, Gustav, 4749 Ellis Av.
Fridstein, S. H.. 5355 Calumet Av.
Fried, Isidore, 1606 W. 12th
Friedlen, H. L., 1317 Millard
Friedman, H. L., 1427 S. Trumbull
Fuerstenberg, Dr. H. S., 725 S.
Robey
Furth, J. E., 356 B. 35th
Galantiere, D. A., 3344 W. Division
Ganser, Dr. S. H., 4201 PuUerton
Av.
Gardner, D. S., 4736 Michigan Av.
Gassman, I., 8728 Commercial Av.
Geliebter, D., 1459 N. Leavitt
Gesas, Michael, 1132 W. Monroe
Ginsburg, Dr. J., 1342 Independence
Blvd.
Ginzberg, M. P., 1214 Halsted
Glick, A. G., 1253 N. Irving Av.
Glick, L. G., 1003 S. Ashland Blvd.
Glickson, O., 1410 S. Albany Av.
Goldberg, Anna, 823 S. Winchester
Av.
Goldberg, B., 1246 S. Avers Av.
Goldberg, H., 3340 Douglas Blvd.
Goldberg, H. M., 1138 Marshfleld Av.
Goldberg, H. N., 822 S. Marshfleld
Av.
Goldberg, Israel R., 3332 Palmer
82
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
427
Goldberg, Dr. J. B., 3200 Douglas
Blvd.
Goldberg, Jos., 1378 Milwaukee
Goldberg, Max, 9020 Commercial Av.
Goldberg, P., 1806 S. Central Park
Av.
Goldberg, S. D., 1328 S. Kedzie Av.
Golden, Dr. I. J. K., 2238 North Av.
Goldman, J. L., 1331 Independencq
Blvd.
Goldsmith, Dr. Alex. A., 5242 Indi-
ana Av.
Goldsmith, H., 1520 S. RIdgeway Av.
Goldstein, Isaac O., 820 Addison
Goldstein, J., 1753 Milwaukee Av.
Goodman, Dr. H., 1208 S. Central
Park Av.
Goodman, I., 5529 Michigan Av.
Goodman, Isaac, 516 E. 42d
Gottstein, I. L., 1223 S. Halsted
Greenbaum, Ben. I., 1015 Port Dear-
born Bldg.
Greenbaum, E., 4510 Grand Blvd.
Greenbaum, J. C, 5603 Calumet Av.
Greenberg, Dr. I. M., 1903 Evergreen
Av.
Greiver, Simon, 2648 N. Troy
Grodson, S. G., 4660 State
Gross, Louis J., 5440 Prairie Av.
Gross, P. A„ 5300 S. Park Av.
Grossberg, J. G., 72 W. Adams
Grossman, B. J., 426 S. Halsted
Grossman, H. A., 1529 S. St. Louis
Av.
Grossman, H. C, 1416 Farragut
Grossman, M. M., 1331 Independence
*;utliman, Mai, rVMB B. Park Av.
riackner. ElSas, 330 S. >rnrkct
IlaffHibt^rg, C. B., 4911 KlHs At.
TTaJiif^rln, Dr. li.. 1017 Aahland Blvd.
Ilandmacher, M., 4442 ghi^rldan Rd.
llaDkan, M.. 4724 I'rairlc At.
Itarria. A., 3430 Doiij^la?! Hlvd.
Hiirrls. J., 3420 Michi>.^an Av.
Jlwrtman, A., 4527 Ellia Av.
lis r (man, 1. S.^ 4759 For rest ville
Av.
Hefter, M., 4910 Vincennes Av.
Heldman, J. N., 108 S. LaSalle
Herman, Dr. M. J., 1141 S. Whipple
Herron, C. I., 1417 S. Millard
Herst, P., 217 S. Central Park Av.
Herat, H. A., 2643 Evergreen Av.
Herzog, N., 5341 East End Av.
Hevesh, Rabbi J., 1311 N. LaSalle
Hexter, S., 36 S. State
Himelblau, A. L., 1330 S. Avers Av.
Hlrsch, H. A., 640 Aldine Av.
Hirschberg, Rev. A., 2636 Lake View
Av.
Hirschfleld, J., 1846 Canal port A v. Illinois
Hoffman, Elizabeth L.. 1437 S.
Spaulding Av.
Horner, H., 4801 Forrestville Av.
Hornsteln, G., 76 W. Van Buren
Huttner, B. L.. 3255 W. 16th
Isaacs, L. J., 1335 S. California Av.
Isacowitz, J. H., 1302 S. Trov
Isaiah Sabbath School, 5416 S. Park
Av.
Izaako witch, H., 2534 W. North Av.
Jacobson, A. I., 1147 Independence
Blvd.
Jacobson, D., 4504 Ellis A v.
.Tacobson, H., 306 N. 63d
Jewish Educ. Alliance, 1243 W.
Wood
Jonesi, Wm. A., 1255 S. Lawndale
Av.
JuroD, S.p 1724 W. 12lh
Kahti, L* Kp 122T N. Maple wuod Av.
Kali n J Marcus, T^Sni) Bond A v.
Kjibn, Dr. M., 4r>24 S. Aabland Av.
Kahn. M. T., 7lj40 Bond Av.
Kalish, K., 3248 riouKlas Blvd.
Kallshp L, R, rj2ru> lodiatia A v.
Knrain, Dr. Wm.. 1224 a, Athanv Av.
Kium. N. lU 1048 N, Ashland Av.
Kdiinp. J., ^2m State
KaplHtt, M. t\. 20:in Le Moyn^
Kaplan, Marks, iri4:5 Mlhvaukep Av.
Knninn, Morrlj?, 3i2:i3 Kastwood Av.
Kaplan, N. D., f»710 Michigan A v.
Kiirno, Lm 814 W. 12 th
Ivarpasa> J. M., 4767 Bway.
KarfM^D, A., 010 8. Michigan A v.
Kurijf, M. J., 114ft N. Hoyne Ar*
KatiS, n., 1520 E. Sttth
KHtx, SamL B., 1040 W. 12th
Knvin, P., 512 Kllia Av.
Korr. Dr. M. M., Ogd^n & Spntilding
Av.
Kirshelmer, J., 5212 S. Park Av.
Kite, B., 2101 W. Division
Klein, Rabbi Israel, 2215 Warren
Av.
Klemperer, Otto, 332 S. Wabash
Kline, Isaac, 4117 Grand Blvd.
Koenlgsberg, D., 1410 Milwaukee Av.
Kolb, David, 1150 Kedzie Av.
Komaiko, S. B., 1651 S. Clifton Park
Av.
Kompel, Morris, 102 S. Hamlin Av.
Korety, Leo, 79 W. Monroe
Kramer, Jos., 719 W. 62d
Kranz, H., 3124 Carlisle PI.
Kraus, Adolph, 4518 Drexel Blvd.
Kromer, R., 1646 W. 12th
Kugler, Joe, 1314 S. Racine Av.
Kurtzon, Geo. B., 1868 S. Millard
Av.
Digitized by
Google
428
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
niinoif Kurz, Adolph, Standard Club
Lanskl, Dr. Jacob, 1021 W. 14th
Lasker, I., 908 S. Ashland Blvd.
Lauer, Ab., 1538 W. 12th
Lazar, J. G.. 5036 Michigan Ay.
Lazer, S., 4005 Granshaw
Leavitt, Dr. S. H.. 2634 W. North
Av.
Lebensohn, Dr. M. H., 3504 W. 13th
Le Bosky, J. C, 2115 W. North Av.
Lebovltz, H., 2843 Wentworth
Lebovltz, H. J., 6311 S. Halsted
Lebovltz, J. M., 8448 Green Bay Av.
Leichenko, P. M., 200 Cortez
Leschin, J., 909 Lafayette Pkway.
Levenson, Morris K., 1404 Joymore
Levin, D., 224 W. 63d
Levin, B., 2124 Alice PI.
Levin, L., 713 Wells
Levin, S., 1902 S. Troy
Levin, Dr. S. A., 2101 W. Division
Levin, S. J., 110 S. State
Levin, The Misses, 817 S. Marshfleld
Av.
Levin, T., 919 W. 12th
Levinkind, H., 3106 E. 92d
Levinson, Dr. A., 1748 W. Taylor
Levit, E., 4911 Calumet Av.
Leviton, M.. 1837 Evergreen Av.
Lrvv, A.. in^S riiJLr.-iliiln Av.
lA-vy, Kvv. A. ii , Li.-i K. 4Sth
Levy. C„ 1421 N. Falraek] A v.
Levy, P. E,, 4021 Michigan Av,
Levy, F, A.t 561 Mt Irose
Levy. O.p 3451 Doiiylna Blvd.
Levy, Rldnty E,, 0155 E. Tark Av.
LywltiHrirm, L., 51GS Indiana Av.
IJiLcriiinn, H., a^Ol Pou^ias Blvd.
LilK^ky, IL, 241 W. Van fiuren
Lipsky, IL A., 4820 Mlchlpun Av.
LUifif^tOD, Mary U, 2fl07 Potomac
Av.
Loeb, F., 4344 Gintid Blvd.
Locb. I. A,, lfi5 N. Clark
Loeb, J. M., ITS W. Jadisan Blvd.
hoewj, Umko, SMH W. 10th
LoDdoQ, A-, 1d53 Clifton Park Av.
Lrjrenx; J. M., lasri Etinway I5ich.
Low(?nth&1. B. M. 4715 Kllla Av.
Lubln, F., Mm Don si as Blvd.
Lurle, A., 14 48 N. CninphfTT A v.
Lurle, Mrs. I. II., GIlh; 6. »iui.t
Lurya, I., 3548 Douglas Blvd.
Luster, M., 1223 N. Hoyne A v.
Lyons, Mrs. S., 1136 S. Halsted
Lypski, A. M., 601 W. 12tli
Mack, Hon. J. W., Post Office Bldg.
Malkin, Dr. M., 6000 S. Halsted
Malter, Max, 3536 Hastings
Mandel, Mrs. E., 3400 Michigan Av.
Mandelson, M., 3154 Lincoln
Mann, L. P., 1258 Milwaukee
Marcus, A., 5406 Winthrop Av.
Margolis, A., 516 Aldine At.
Margolis, B., 1316 Millard Av.
Margolis, H., 697 Milwaukee Av.
Markowitz Ph., 3422 W. Adams
Marks Nathan Home, 1550 S. Albany
Av.
Markson, A. D., 8439 Burley Av.
Marshak, Dr. M. I., Municipal Tuber-
culosis Sanitarium
Mautner, S., 427 E. 46th
Mayer, Mrs. Levy, Blackstone Hotel
Meltes, H. L., 2026 W. 12th
Menkln, Edw.. 1206-79 W. Monroe
Mesirow, J. S., 2656 Hirsch Blvd.
Messing, Dr. A. J., 508 Aldine Av.
Metzenoerg, L., 5330 Greenwood Av.
Meyer, Mrs. A. E., 4431 Magnolia
Meyer, S. B., 139 N. Clark
Micon, S.. 901 W. 12th
Micon, Wm. M.. 1252 S. Lawndale
Miller, A., 1006 S. Paulina
Miller, S. A., 1314 Ashland Blk.
Minchin, H., 2607 Milwaukee Av.
Missner, M. I., 1927 N. Spaulding
Av.
Morris, B. I.^ 29 S. LaSalle
Morris, H., 828 W. 12th
Morris, L., 3553 Douglas Blvd.
Morris, L. H., 440 Diversey Pkway.
Moses, Mrs. A., 4139 Drexel Blvd.
Mossier, M. L., 2646 W. North Av.
Mostcovy, N., 1924 Washbume Av.
Nathan, A. H., 5704 Washington
Nathan, B., 1235 Halsted
Nathan, T., 1316 E. 63d
Newman, A. B., Standard Club
Niederman. M., 1417 Milwaukee Av.
Nierman, Etta, 1640 S. Spaulding
Av.
Novy, Dr. B. N., 810 W. 12th
Nuta, Dr. M., 928 S. Halsted
Olenick, H., 1620 S. Homan Av.
Olshan, Dr. A. Q., 1900 W. Division
Oppenheim, C, 41 S. Central Park
Osherman, Miss M. E., 1030 S. San-
gamon
Pam, Hon. Hugo, 3848 Michigan At.
Pedott, Dr. Jos., 4718 Michigan At.
Perils, M. J., 1614 W. 12th
Perl man, I. B., 818 Independence
BlTd.
Perlstein, I., 352 S. Hamline
Perlstein, M., 924 S. Ashland BlTd.
Pflaum, A. J., Stock Exch. Bldg.
Pick, G., 5056 Woodlawn At.
PIncus, S. Z., 4226 Indiana At.
Pines, Geo. S., Ill W. Monroe
84
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
439
Piatt, B. N., 1414 8. Albany
Piatt, S. P., 1526 S. Albany
Polakow, Hy 1415 Ashland Blk.
Pollack. S. S., 720 Cornelia Av.
Pomex, E., 2007 N. Halsted
Price, J. S., 4953 Michigan Av.
Price, Paul, 5618 Calumet Av.
Prless. S. M., 3243 Douglas Blvd.
Quasser, J. H., 2400 N. Kedzle Blvd.
Rappaport, Rev. J., 2128 Crystal
Redner, A., 1441 Milwaukee Av.
Regenstelner, T., 926 Hyde Park
Blvd.
Reinschreiber, H., 3225 Greenshaw
Richman, Saml., 1402 Johnson
Rlchter, Simon, 4935 Michigan Av.
Rightman, Dr. S. M., 849 W. 12th
Ringer, Jacob, 5611 Blackstone Av.
Ringer, Wm., 146 W. Van Buren
Riskind, J., 8824 Commercial
Rissman, Paul, 1615 W. 12th
Rittenberg, Wm.. 4723 S. State
Robbins, S. M., 5007 VIncennes Av.
Robins, Max. 2129 Fullerton A v.
Robinson, Jos. F., 7256 Yale Av.
Rodenbeck, B. L., 5201 Woodlawn
Av.
Rohde, A. M., 2037 Iowa
Romberg, Mrs. E., 2213 Calumet Av.
Rose, E. B., 3446 S. Halsted
Roseman, S., 1237 Independence
Blvd.
Rosen, B. H., 844 Milwaukee Av.
Rosenbaum, Jos., 57 Drexol Blvd.
Rosenbaum, W., Postal Telegraph
Bldg.
Rosenberg, Mrs. J., 3754 Michigan
Av.
Rosenblatt, S. J., 3513 Douglas Blvd.
Rosenblatt, L., 5443 Prairie Av.
Rosenfeld, Mrs. M., 4900 Ellis Av.
Rosenfleld, L., 169 Randolph
Rosenstein, I., 6326 S. Ashland Av.
Rosenthal, James, 2049 Washburne
Rosenthal, Jos., 4801 Lake Av.
Rosenus, Nathan, 6 N. Michigan Av.
Rosenwald, M. S., 508 S. Franklin
Rosenzweig, Dr. Geo. IC, 12th &
Loomis
Rothblum, Nettle, 4442 Sheridan Rd.
Ruben, Chas., 3022 Archer Av.
Rubin, Geo. A., 3818 S. Kedzle Av.
Rubin, S., 2040 W. Division
Rubinstein, J. B.. 155 N. Clark
Buekberg, B. P., 1405 N. Fairfield
At.
Sachs, L. A., 3131 Lincoln Av.
Sackheim, S., 1237 Turner
Salamon, Wm. E., 175 W. Jackson
Blvd.
Saltlel, L, 5032 Winthrop Av.
Samuels, Ben., 6225 Drexel Av. Illinois
Sander, Barney, 1245 S. Sangamon
Sax, M., & Co., 3050 E. 92d
Schaar, B. E., 6154 Eberhart Av.
Schack, Jos., 1739 Milwaukee
Schaffner, Daniel, 1346 N. Robey
Schanfarber, Rev. T., 6016 Grand
Blvd.
^rtuiti 1, Ben., nf^til W. ISth
SchtrjLcr, Ilplpn R., 170 N. 5th A v.
Schi'tnttK, Mrs. E, 53f> N. Ckem Av*
SclsiJT, n. J,, 614 AsjblHiid H\vH.
BchLlTp Chas., 42a W. 6M
Scbiff, S. B., 35ia ITastlDK
SchleKlnger. L., 1744 W. Division
Belillmnn, Bon., 6-114 C^ornell Av,
SchloesLDger, H, J., 1701 S. Clark
Schoonbrnd, N, R, 1403 Wicket A v.
Schooler, N.. lOBT N. Robt^y
Schor, L, 1031 Blue I eland Av.
Sehur, O., 5437 Greenwood Av.
Schwalt, IL, 5028 Michigan A v.
Schwab, LoniB A., 624 W. AdamES
Schwrsrtz, J. C, 5002 Forrest vllle
Av.
Schwartz, M. D., 4709 Sheridan Rd.
Seelenfreund, A. B., Tribune Bldg.
Segal, A., 607 Wells
Segal, Henry. 6822- Prairie Av.
Segal. S., 746 Wells
Segall, Frank, 1424 Congress
Seiden, Prank, 1920 Fowler
Selig, Sidney H., 5645 Prairie Av.
Sentinel Publishing Co., 109 N.
Dearborn
Shabad, H. M., 4412 Indiana Av.
Shaeffer, S. J., 4459 Beacon
Shaffer, S., 1419 S. Ashland Av.
Shaffner, Chas., 1026 E. 49th
Shaplnsky, Dr. J. T., 572 W. 12th
Shapiro, A. S., 2141 Humboldt Blvd.
Shapiro, I., 817 Ashland Blvd.
Sheff, Harry, 1459 W. 47th '
Sherman, Chas., 1343 Elburn Av.
Shiller, A., 4756 W. Lake
Shlller, Harry, 354 N. 48th Av.
Shlutz, H., 1525 Hamlin Av.
Shnaper, L. A., 1205 W. Chicago
Av.
Shulman, M., 1108 Ashland Blk.
Shure, Jos. P., 2310 Thomas
Shu tan, E., 4942 Wash. Park PI.
Sider, Julius M., 2916 S. State
Slegel, Saml., 6444 Union Av.
Sigel, Dr. A. S., 3540 Douglas Blvd.
Sllber, Rabbi S., 729 S. Ashland
Sllberman, L»., 912 S. Ashland Blvd.
Sllbert, Morris, 3000 Howard
Silverman, Anna, 1318 S. Albany
Av.
85
Digitized by
Google
430
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
lUinoiB Silverman, H., 1333 S. Central Pk.
Av.
Simon, A. M., 4436 Magnolia Av.
Simon, C. M., 1540 S. Turner
Simon, Edw., 1335 Sloan
Simon, S. J., 11338 Michigan Av.
Sissman, Peter, 1002 Ashland Blk.
Slavitsky, S. T., 5003 Vincennes Av.
Sloan, N., 3612 W. Polk
Smldt, Jos., 1250 S. St. Louis Av.
Smollar, L., 1116 S. Francisco Av.
Soboroff, Dr. S. H., 2200 W. Division
Solomon, Mrs. H. G., 4406 Michigan
Av.
Sonnenscheln, E., 4621 Calumet Av.
Sonnenschein, Dr. R., 4744 Prairie
Av.
Sopkin, B., 3644 Douglas Blvd.
Sopkin, li., 1510 S. Albany Av,
Sosna, M. W., 1018 N. Oakley Blvd.
Spare, C, 356 E. 56th
Spiesberger, H. T., 4816 Forrestville
Av.
Spiner, N. O., 1432 S. Central Park
Av.
Spinner, laJdorc, SI27 Douglas
Spira, Henry, ;i524 W. 26tb
SpUaer, SamL, 4251 I'lirk Av.
S tangle, Sam, 114 1*J SiiJiKamoa
Stein, A., 720 S. Paulina
Sti*ln, Adolph, 4927 Lake Av.
ftk-lup BcUa^ 6S21 Mlchifemn Av.
Stdn. J. IK H-'2 S. Whipple
Stein, L., 543 E. 4l)th
St el II, Hon. Fh nip, 4^40 Grand Blvd.
SttUu, Silffll., 001 S. Halsted
Steinberg, 11., Vd20 N. Washtenaw
Av.
Steinberg, P., 1248 Millard Av.
Stem, Bert, 001 SUi?rftlaEi Rd.
Stern, David, 1047 W. Madison
Stern, II,. 2648 K, Trov
Stem, H. B., 5319 Mlchiijan Av.
Stern, Jose, 5212 S. park At.
Stern, Max, 18 W. Ati^Mn
Sloix, Rev. Dr. J., iS27 Lungley Av.
Stone, Mrs. J., 4756 Lake Park Av.
Stone, Phil, 1015 Western Av.
Straus, Leo, Metropolitan Hotel
Straus, M. M., 4343 Vincennes Av.
Straus, Meyer L., 728 W. Madison
Straus, Simeon, 951 Hyde Pk. Blvd.
Straus, Simon, 6 N. Clark
Stulman, S. J., 3544 W. 12th PI.
Stumer, L. M., 36 S. State
Sucherman, Max, 2759 W. 12th
Sultan, Dr. Geo., 3325 W. 12th
Sulzberger, S. L., 4404 Michigan Av.
Sumner, S. J., Homan & Douglas
Tabak, S., 1556 Spaulding
Tlcktin, C, 6443 Green
Tobenkin, B., 3151 Carlisle PL
Tomkins, H., c/o Coll. of Med. & Sur.
Trocky, S., 5328 Prairie At.
Trotzkey, E., 1650 S. Albany A v.
Uslander, Jessie, 1108 S. Hamilton
Av.
Van Gelder, M.^ 2231 W. Madison
Victor, Nate, 1902 S. Albany Av.
Waiss, H., 739 W. 12th
Wald, Benedict, 1445 E. 55th
Wallerstein, H., 1022 W. 12th
Weil, Emanuel, 5833 Calumet
Weil, Morris, 5043 Drexel Blvd.
WelK Theo., 951 Hyde Park Blvd.
Wiiril.tTi;, A, I^„ 449 W* 37th
U>]nbi'rA% Isidore, 1210 S. Union Av.
Weinbirg, Morris, 111 W. Monroe
WeSTibetK, SoL, 3540 W. 12th PI.
Weinsteln. J., 1^36 Blue Island A v.
Wela, B., 1221 Blue lalaDd Av.
WeiBbord, H. L, 6 SO W. 12 th
Welsenbacb, .1.- Trlbime Bldg.
Wei«z. A., 2619 Lei and A v.
Wdsz, Dr. D. L. 1403 N. Artesian
Av.
Wexler, H. G., 902 S. Ashland Blvd.
Wlnsberg, Geo., 308 W. Division
Witkowsky, D., 4865 Lake Av.
Wittenberg, H., 1214 S. Kedzie A v.
Woldenberg, Max, 4507 Mich. Av.
Wolf, Rev. A., 5559 Wabash Av.
Wolf, B., 1302 S. Lawndale Av.
Wolf, H. M., 3914 Ellis Av.
Wolf, I., 1500 W. 47th
Wolfley, M. J., 4732 S. Ashland Blvd.
Wolfsohn, J. M., 1920 Washburne
Woolf, J., 1133 S. Albany Av.
Zeitlin, A. Z., 1124 S. Morgan
Zelensky, M. A., 1225 S. Avers Av.
Zemons, D. M., 445 E. 50th
Ziv, L., 2525 N. Sacanenta
Zohne, E. N.. 1218 Ashland Blk.
Zoline, Dr. N. J., 3137 W. 12th
Zolla, D. M., 370 E. 26th
Zoub, M. B., 1859 Maplewood
Clinton
Henoche, H., Boston Store
Shapiro, L., 214 E. Main
Tick, Jacob
CoIlinsviUe
Glass, M., Main St.
Hiken, Harry, 1126 W. Main
Hirsch, M., 104 E. Clay
Isenburg, S., 302 E. Main
Mann, Harry. 721 E. Clay
Rosenburg, H.
Schultz, Jake, 106 W. Main
Schwartz, Ike, 109 E. Main
86
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
431
Danville
Special Membeb
Plant, A. B., 419 N. Walnut
Annual Members
Bernsohn, Kelly, 110 Logan Av.
Coleman, B. G.
Epstein, Mrs. B. J., 408 W. Main
Paine, J., Ill Green
Goldberg, Saml., 925 N. Vermilion
Groldman. Louis M., 1100 Logan Av.
Levine, Saml., 452 W. Hazel
Rabinowitz, N., 134 Main
Reufman, I. M., 19 N. Walnut
Silverman, M., 212 Larke
Straus, Mrs. Jules, 440 N. Vermilion
Zepin, Saml., 126 Logan Av.
De Pue
Lang, Seymour
Decatur
Frledlander^be.. 343 W. Macon
Rosenberg, W., 135 E. Decatur
East St. Louis
Hurwitz, I. R., 202 Murphy Bldg.
Hurwitz, Meyer, 557 N. 19th
Lasseen, Rev. A., 743 Call Av.
Elgin
Brenner, I., 10 Douglas Av.
Evanston
Preedman, A., 1939 Jackson Av.
Melsner, J., 1226 Sherman Av.
Schachter. Dr. J., 1328 Greenleaf
Seaman, Abe, 1634 Chicago Av.
Oalesburg
Frolich. Sol.
Gross, Jos.
Halper, D. C, 530 Clark
Nirdlinger, S.
Stamm, M., 438 N. Kellog
Granite
Livshitz, Harry, 19 State
Wiesman, J., 1828 D
Schaffner, R., Highland Park
Homewood
Eisenstaedt, Dr. M.
Kankakee
Adelman, J., 354 S. Greenwood Av.
Bauer, D. I., 410 S. Schuyler Av.
Birk, M., 196 N. Evergreen Av.
Block, N., 152 S. East Av. Illinoii
Kleinhamer, S. E., 492 S. Wildwood
Av.
Lassers, H., 141 N. Schuyler Av.
Perlman, L., 127 Greenwood Av.
Relches, Rev. Wm., 498 W. Station
RIfkind, Wm., 254 N. Harrison
Roski, A., 448 S. Chicago Av.
La SaUe
Special Member
Neustadt, Geo.
Annual Members
Brown, Arthur, 825 1st
Ellistam. Herman B., 635 4th
Goldsmith, M. N., 514 7th
HIrsh, Dr. S.. 7th & Gooding
Hodes, S., 955 2d
Klawans, Julius L., 745 1st
Ramensofsky & Son, M.
Venne, Max, 606 1st
Lincoln
Special Member
Griesheim, M.
Annual Members
Leherberger, L
Simon, Dan, 208 Oglesby Av.
Traub, Henry
Madison
Blumenfeld, M.
Brody Bros., 407 Madison A v.
Cohn, A., 209 Mr'iison Av.
Goldman, H., Box 1044
Levy, L., 416 Madison A v.
Megeff, BenJ., 1433 3d
Rosch, I. J., Manhattan Tairing Co.
Strauss, I., 6th & Madison
Riskind, A. I.
Maroa
jColine
Rosenstein. L.
Sklovsky, Max., 624 lOtb
Mount Vernon
Special Member
Feltenstein, Isaac, R. R. No. 9
Oak Park
Jacoby, H. S., 312 S. Scoville Av.
87
Digitized by
Google
432
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Illinois Ottawa
Blumberg, S. A., 1626 Chestnut
Engel, Mrs. M., E. Pearl St.
Kramer, E., c/o Givens Clock House
Richard, Jos., 603 La Salle
Stlefel, Sidney, Chapel St.
Peoria
Special Members
Strause, B. A., 132 Moss Av.
Szold, Jacob, 615 George
Woolner, Adolph, Jr., 439 Moss At.
Woolner, Saml., Jr., 640 Moss At.
Woolner. W. B., 140 High
Annual Members
Anshai Emeth Sabbath School
Bottigheimer, Rev. S. G., 206. Brad-
ley Av.
Cohen, Rabbi A., 509 S. 6th
Coney, Dr. Jos. P., 107 Flora
Frankel, Harry, 704 7th
Frankel, Julius, 609 5th
Friedman, D. S., 1518 N. Monroe
Grossman, Max, 320 Payette
Horwitz, £>r. S., 401 Bowland
Levinson, Isaac J., 910 N. Madison
Lipkin, B., 418 6th
Pollak, Saml., 513 5th
Walk, Dr., 212 7th
Weiss, Nathan, 410 KnoxTille Av.
Wolfner, W. F., 205 Moss Av.
Petersburg
Katzenstein Bros.
Lellensteln, Arthur
Riseman, Herman
Quincy
Gold, Harry, 500 Waablugton
Pocraa, Ben.i, fiSl York
rocrflfl, H*, SIT Ham ija hire
Fro cress. Fmcli. til 4 nampshire
RazeiD, N., 220 IJnd
Rosenheim. C. M., 1248 Park PI.
Rosin, K J.p 918 Hfimpsblre
SdhDQldman, D., 31(5 S. 5tU
fichwartsj, Jocoti* 22B K. §th
Ruli^ek, S., !HK Hampshire
Vaaen, B. Q., 928 5th
Rockford
Krause, Jacob H., 619 B. State
Pizer. D., 403 E. State
Shanhouse, Chas., 1035 Haskell Av.
Sprinfffteld
Bapk, J., Meyers Bldg.
Barker, S. A., 500 B. Adams
Eckesteln, M., 808 W. Washington
Frisch, Jacob, 505 N. Side Sq.
Harris, W. L., 815 S. 4th
Horwitz, M., 520 N. 6th
Kellner, M. J., 605 N. 15th
Lange, B. A., 710 S. 7th
Meyers, J. M.., Meyers Bldg.
Mund, C, 127 N. 6th
Myers, Albert, 811 S. 7th
Myers, Louis M., 1116 S. 7th
Salzenstein, B., 1230 W. South G
Av.
Salzenstein, Mose, 1012 S. Walnut
Samuels, L. J., 516 S. 8th
Solzenstein, A.. 125% S. 5th
Tedesche, Rabbi S., 452 W. South
Grand Av.
Spring Valley
Bernstein, Saml.
Rosenzweig, B., 222 St. Paul
Rubinstein, Rev. N.
Shere, Dr. J. A.
Steinberg, Isaac, St. Paul St.
Zard, H. J.
Staunton
Abramouth, A.
Kotler, A.
Landau, I.
Sherman, Max
TTrbana
Baldwin, Prof. E. C, 1002 S. Lin-
coln Av.
Lowenstern, M.
University of Illinois, Library of
Virden
Chapsky, A.
Siegel, N.
Sesser
Jackson, A. G.
Waukegan
Spbcial Mbmber
Schwartz, S., 838 N. Sheridan Rd.
Annual Members
Rubin, A. M.. 535 N. County
Rubin, M. H., 729 County
Winfleld
Root, I^wrence, Box 7
Winnetka
Spiegel, Mrs. J., 411 Sheridan Blvd.
88
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
433
INDIANA
Indiana
Anderson
Glazes, Wm., 1601 Main
Kursch, Alyen, 2109 Noble
Attica
Levor, Mrs. Levi S.
Schwartz, Harry
Bluff ton
Special Member
Levenson, Ben.
Annual Membebs
Gill man, Jos.
Gitlin, Alex.
Salinger, Ben, W. Market St.
Brasil
Goldberg, JuUns, 529 N. Meridian
Columbus
Krools, Jos., 115 Jackson
Polster, E., 433 Washington
Rosenbach, Morris I.
Roskind, H., 517 Washington
Silverman, Dora, 311 2d
Tross, A., 227 Washington
Connersville
Berman, I. M.
Drebln, M.
Friedman, I. B., 423 Central Av.
Holberg, Milton
Crawfordvllle
Dlamondstone, M.
Joseph, C.
Simon, Jacob H., Ben Hur Bldg.
Tannenbaum, Sol., 502 W. Main
Warner, Lee S., 704 E. Main
East Ghicago
Given, Albert, 602 Chicago Av.
Ellwood
Special Membeb
Levi, A.
Annual Member
Wolf, T., 1121 S. Anderson
Evansville
Special Members
Bernstein, D. B., 1511 S. 2d
We$l, Emil., 1100 Powell Av.
Annual Members
Belgrade Bros., 425 Upper 8th
Berman, I., 318 Upper 4th
BItterman, Adolph, 204 Main
Bloom, Wm., 819 Upper 8th
Elchil, Leslie P., 827 1st
Fuchs, Israel, 416 Upper 4th
Helman, David, Jr., 1004 Upper 3d
Heiman, Dr. L., 4th & Main
Horn, Ellas, 715 Cherry
Levy, Henry, 916 Powell Av.
Raodin, Dr. M., 426 Grant
Trockman, H., 1015 Lincoln Av.
Fort Wayne
Achduth Ve-Sholom Sabbath School
Cohen, J., 124 W. Jefferson
Frank, M., Frank's Dry Goods Store
Gold, Saml., 1419 Erie
Goldstone, Harry, 230 E. Main
Grashin, M., 2210 S. Clinton
Hurowitz, Rev. M., 1323 Monument
Av.
L^^hraan. A. J., 1423 CalhoUD
Lehman, Ifildor, T20 W. Wayac
Levy, Abe* M3 Clay
Levy, Beti.j 915 W. Berry
Lovltoh. M€yi?rt 920 W. Washingtofl
Plost Louis, SI 4 SbnaJf iwai^.
Rothschild* Arthur JJ., «16 .Tackson
Warti^ll, B., 1217 Webster
Wolf. Saml., 323 W. B^rry
Young^, C, 1019 Webster
Frankfort
Fletcher, N., 458 W. Washington
Wohlfeld, Morris, 908 E. Clinton
French Lick
Robinson, A.
Gary
Special Membeb
Winter, M. M., Gary Hotel
Annual Membebs
Bloom, I., 7th & Mass.
Kan, Dr. Alex. M., 1740 Broadway
Koltinsky, Max, 7th Av. & Bway.
Lieberman, Morris, 2144 Mass.
Morris, Jos., 1709 Jefferson
Senslbar, M., 1028 W. 6th Av.
Stolz, Rev. Dr. J. H., 724 Jefferson
Goshen
Salinger, Harry
Salinger, N.
89
Digitized by
Google
434
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Indiana Oreenc&atle
Goldberg, M. V., 505 Elm
Sudranski, C.
Sudranski, Sol. L.
Hammond
Silver, Saml.. 177 E. State
Hartford City
Levy, S. C.
Smilack, Mis. E.
Huntington
Bronsteln, Peter, 239 E. Tipton
Franklyn, Meyer
Liplnsky, S. H., 315 Jefferson
Marx Sods, D.
Tort, Ben.. 420 Wilkenson
Wolf, K. R.
Indiana Harbor
Marcovich, Wolf, 3714 Cedar
Indianapolis
Special Membebs
Borlnsteln, L. J., 2227 N. Meridian
Feibleman, Isidore, 2345 N. Penna.
Kahn, Leo, The Waldo
Klser, Sol. S., 2128 N. Penna.
Koor, Harry L., 1113 Maple
Rosenthal, I. M., 1910 N. Meridian
Weill, Harry, 136 W. 27th
Annual Members
Bamberger, R., 2937 Washington
Bloom, Mrs. Henry, 333 N. Noble
Brill, Henry, 620 E. Market
Brown, B., 1335 N. Alabama
Cohen, S. T., 121 W. Maryland
Davis, L. R., 808 Majestic Bldg.
Efroymson, G. A., 2036 N. Delaware
Efroymson, Meyer 2207 N. Penna.
Ettinger, Leo, 510 Indiana Av.
Feuerlicht, Rev. M., 3034 Washing-
ton Blvd.
Gordon, Max, 446 E. Vermont
Hartman, Rev. J., 115 W. McCarty
Hlrshovitz, P., 1001 Maple
Hurwich, L., 17 The Vera Plats
Ind. State Library, 47 State House
Indianapolis Heb. Congr., 3308 N.
Illinois
• Jewish Federation of Indianapolis,
923 S. Meridian
Kaminsky, L., 2408 N. Alabama
r^apinska. Dr. T., 4305 N. Senate Av.
Lewin, Rabbi S. J., 717 S. Illinois
Mantel, Emil. 205 W. Washington
Medias, C, 721 N. Dalner
Messing, Rev. M., 3258 N. New Jer-
sey
Newman, Herman, 302 Indiana Av.
Newstadt, B. Z., 715 Union
Nier, Isaac F., 328 N. Washington
Rauh, S. B., 3020 N. Meridian
Selig, Moses, 2063 N. Delaware
Simon, M. N., 31 W. 26th
Trotck, Sol., 1720 Howard
Wineman, J., 2037 N. Delaware Av.
Wolf, Louis, 1901 N. Meridian
Eokomo
LiBRABT MEMBEB
Levi, J. S.
Annual Members
Hutner, H.
Schnerwood, J., 412 N. Sycamore
Lafayette
Bercovitz, C. D., 644 Main
Levy, Estelle, 716 N. 6th
Pearlman, Dr. S., 112 7th
Public Library
Rice. Di rothy, 1206 Columbia
Zinkin, Rev. A. A., Marian Apts.
Lawrenceburg
Harris, S. B.
Ligonier
Straus, Mrs. S. J.
Straus, Simon J.
Linton
Bach, Ben.
Bach, Charles B., 173 N. Main
Cohen, J.
Goldberg, Wm. M.
Myers, J.
Logansport
Hecht, Jordon, 724 High
Kaufman, Sidney
Madison
Kahn, Chas., West St.
Stern, I. L.
Sulzer, M. R., 705 W. 2d
Marion
Special Members
Plost, Israel
Rosenbaum, A.
Annual Member
Hutner, S.
40
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
435
Michigan City
Moritz, M., 602 Spring
Stein, L. J., 813 Spring
Mitchell
Effron, Jacob
Sharashewsky, B.
Mount Vernon
Special Member
Rosenbaum, Herman
Annual Members
Jarodzski, Max
Rosenbanm, Mrs. Jacob, cor. Walnut
&5th
Muncie
Roberts, G. D., 613 W. Jackson
Schwartz, S., 914 E. Jackson
New Castle
Albert, Chas., 632 S. 14th
Dallnsky, J., 1506 Broad
Donn, Max
Guttman, Ralph, 423 N. 17th
North Vernon
Special Members
Gumble & Son, Wolf
Annual Members
Beltman, Jacob
Herman, Wolf
Orleans
Cohen, Bennett
Cohen, Louis
Peru
Abel, M., 109 S. Broadway
Baer, Barney, 11 Court
Flax, S.. 219 E. Main
Graff, M., 16 W. 2d
Graff. S.
Kittner, Albert, 52 S. Broadway
Princeton
Special Member
Schwarz, M.
Annual Members
Basan, M., 520 E. Oak
Goldberg, Philip, 414 S. Prince
Bichmond
Fred, Saml., 132 S. 14th
Harsh, A., 100 S. 3d
Vigran, Saml. S., 45^ S. 11th
Bushvllle Indiana
Schatz, Hyman, 504 W. 3d
Stern, Joseph
Vigran, Ben., 126 W. 2d
Scottsburg
Gladstein, Meyer
Shakinsky, S.
Seymour
Special Member
Kaufman & Speier, c/o Gold Mine
Annual Members
Benjamin, Issy, 8 S. Chestnut
Bernstein, Nathan, Pine St.
Levin, Jos.
Shelbyville
Library Member
Joseph, Julius
Special Member
Danziger, Gustay
Annual Members
Sax, Isaac
Wolf, Mendel, 154 W. Franklin
South Bend
Special Member
Splro, Saml., 119 S. Michigan
Annual Member
Salinger, Mrs. Louis, W. Washing-
ton St.
Summitville
Warner, L.
Terre Haute
Special Member
Herz, A., 309 S. 6th
Annual Members
Bluraberg, BenJ., 328 S. 5th
Lederer, Julius, 718 Crawford
Levi, Simon, 667 Mulberry
Levin, Morris L^ 227 Kent Av.
Temple Israel Sabbath School, 605
S. 6th
Vincennes
Lyons, Saml., 505 Bway.
Olevitch, Abe
Rildsheim, H.
Weinshllboum, Julius, 22 N. 2d
41
Digitized by
Google
436
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Indltnft Wabash
Special Members
Cook, Mole, 579 N. Wabash
Schwartz, Jos.
Annual Membebs
Salinger. Max B., 79 N. Cass
Simon, Aaron
Waihlnsrton
Beltman, J;, 707 B. Walnut
West Baden
Special Mbmbebs
Edelsteln, M.
Ellezer, Meyer
GottUebson. Geo. E.
Iowa
IOWA
Burlington
Special Members
Gross, H. S., 913 N. 4th
Hlrsch, Edw. L., 515 Arch
Annual Members
Cohen, Max, 257 S. Central Av.
Gross, Sol., 826 N. 8th
Lelpzlger, Dr. H. A., 4th & Jefferson
Levy, Hyman, 204 Starr Av.
Naman, Ezra, 620 Jefferson
Oedar Rapids
Smullkoff, H., 722 P Av., W.
Oenterville
Frankel, J. J., 800 Drake Av.
Council Bluffs
Hochman, O., 918 6th Av.
Rosenfeld, Julius, 222 S. 7th
Davenport
Special Member
Adler, E. P., 629 E. 14th
Annual Members
Petersberger, Isaac, Suite 222 Lane
Bldg.
Sllbersteln, Max, 2625 Brady
Decorah
Bear, Ben.
Des Moines
Atlclman. Chiis.» 32*S E. 5th
Alter, L. L., 1534 8th
ArriDow!tz, Saral., M3 4th
Beech ED, M., 211 %V. 4tli
Blotcky. A., 733 E. Walnut
Blum. J. A., 009 Polk Blvd.
Eramnon^ A. A., 417 Walnut
Rrody, A.. 312 Court A v.
Brody, riarry. 1408 10th
Brody, J. L/024 iVnn Av,
Cohen, Gladys, 810 E, (tth
r'oh&n, Hermao M., 843 W. 4tfci
Cohen, L. IL, fUft Peno Av.
Cobi^rt, Loti!9 B., Irl51 B. Walnut
Co&eu, M, H.. 1110 Capitol Av,
Cohen, O., 009 W. 4fh
DavldflOQ, Jacob, 1419 W. lib
riavldson, Louis, 1334 ArMn^toii At.
Eneleman, S., 1618 12th
Frimkel, A., 4lat & Grand Av.
France!, Mrs. B.. 21f* 37th
Frankel. Mrs. Belle G.. 220 W. 37th
Frlpdman, M. M* 1405 W. 7th
Goldman. M. D.. !i«4'4 ^^,.tt.>ee Or ore
Av.
Gordon, M. M., 420 University
Gordon, Saml., 1530 W. 31st
Gottsteln, J. A., 1130 W. 6th Av.
Gutmann, Isaac, 221 3d
Israly Bros., 419 E. Grand
Jacobson, Ben. L.. 1139 W. 8th
Kllmonsky, L., 423 E. Grand Av.
Lappen, Robert, 1400 Bluff
Levft, Thos. I., 1245 6th
Mannheimer, Rabbi E., Hotel Vic-
toria
Marks, Manford, c/o Marks Hat Co.
Marks, Moses, 933 18th
Marks, R., 1036 6th Av.
Mendelsohn, B., 206 3d
Mendelsohn, H. L., 1326 N. 5th
Fallen, J. I., 224 B. 9th
Press, Dr. H. P., 1309 Penn Av.
Rablnowitz, I. L., 818 2d
Robinson, S., 904 W. 18th
Rosenfleld, Mrs. M., 207 W. 37th
Rothschild, A^ 1002 B. 9th
Sherman. A. E., 1004 W. 3d
Silver, Marcus, 320 Walnut
Silverman, Chas., 1012 Penn Av.
Silverman, M., 502 Maple
Silverman, Mose, 1136 14th
Sorokln, Joe. 851 W. 4th
Strauss, Mrs. Leon, 667 17th
Strauss, Oscar, Crocker Bldg.
Unger, Dr. D., 528 E. Locust
Zerchik, Rabbi H., 734 E. Walnut
Zlon, Saml., 1016 4th
Pinks, J.
' Dubnqne
42
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
437
Fort Hadison
Alper, P. M., 2d & Pine
Pezman, S.
Risnick Bros.
Iowa
Whitchook, S. W., 104 W. Burlington
Keokuk
Well, J. B., 628 Orleans Av.
Harshalltown
Bernstein, Mrs. C, 107 W. Church
Bioux City
Baron, B., 1023 Court
Brodsky, Max, 609 Center
Cohen, Mrs. J. U.. 1502 Jackson
Davidson, Abe, 805 10th
Davidson. Dave, 1709 Nebraska
Free Jewish Library, 501 Pearl
Priburg, A. L., 1811 Douglas Sq.
Galinsky, A. L., 1524 Summit Av.
Gallnsky, Herman, 2301 Jackson
Goodsite, A., 609 Main
Kulakofsky, A. I., 518 Court
Mt. Sinai Library, 2037 Jackson
Stlllman, A., 400 4th
Yinton
Urbach, J. L
Waterloo
Lefkowltz, Herman.
Iowa
KANSAS
Atchison
Berkson, Harry, 606 N. 3d
Deutsch, N., 912 Kansas Av.
Katz, H., 717 Sante Fe
Kohn, S., 1001 Atchison
Levin, J. H., 511 Main
Salinger, Jay M., 703 Commercial
Seff, B., 620 Loralne
Oawker City
Rothchild, Jacob
Fort Scott
Liepman, Cecil F., 13 S. Judson
Kansas Oity
Bloomgarten, Morris, 412 Nebraska
Brenner, A., 715 Packard
Glatt, Ben., 323 Washington Blvd.
Glatt, Meyer S., 729 Parallel
Hirschl, G., 1032 Rowland Av.
Lustig, L, 26 N. James
Zuckerman, F. L.» 522 Freeman Av.
Leavenworth
Special Mbmbeb
Woolfe, B. B., 514 Pott
Annual Mbmbbbs
Ettenson, Mrs. Henry, 514 Pott
Liknaltz, Rev. D.
Rosenfleld, A.
Rosenfleld, M. C, 525 Pott
Pittsburg
Degen, Harry, 6 W. Euclid
Wichita
Bronston, E., 116 S. Volutsla Av.
Croney, S., 3424 B. Maple
Rosenblum, Z^ 411 S. Lawrence A v.
Wallensteln, H., 832 N. Topeka
Ashland
Edelson, I.
Harris, Simon
Llpsitz, Louis, 13th St.
Strauss, Geo.
Catlettsbnrg
Freedman. Julius
Gordon, H.
Josselson, Abe
Klish, B.
I>efkowitch, L
Meyer, A.
Pillemer, Jacob
Schoenfeld, Moses
Thorp, M.
KENTTTOKY
Covington
Bloom, A., 45 Pike
Cohen, L, 82 Pike
Gershuny, L., 8th & Madison A v.
Glass, P.. 52 Pike
Hauser, J., 88 Pike
Jacobs, H., 112 Pike
Lessure Bros., 431 Scott
Slegel, M., 30 E. 5th
Sunshein, M., 504 Scott
Oynthiana
Cooper, A.
Goldberg, A.
Goldberg Bros., 31 E. Pike
Kentucky
43
Digitized by
Google
438
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Kentuckj Goldberg, M.
Gordon, M.
Wolf, M. J.
Danville
Baer, B. F., 117 Bway.
Baer, J.
Cronstein & Lovitch, Main St.
Lyons, S^. 3d St.
Pushin, H. D.
Pushin, H.
Frankfort
Davis, I.
Rosenstein, L.
Rosenstein, M., St. Clair St.
Rosenstein, R., 419 High
Vigusln, Hyman, 142 E. Main
Oeorgetown
Effron, p.
Sherrick, Mrs. H.
Sommer, L.
Harrodibnrg
Henderson
Fuchs, Harry
Goldblatt, Abe., 128 2d
Levy, Henry, 404 S. Main
Levy, Leon, 119 Main
Hopkinsville
Crlstll, Saml., Hupper Court
Jackson
Friedman, Mrs. Esther, Box 92
Lexington
Special Members
Speyer, Jacob, 252 N. Broadway
Wolf, Simon, 424 High
Annual Members
Aaron, Rev. I. P., 439 N. Upper
Adath Israel, c/o D. Fichman
David, Dr. M. S., 608 Fayette Bk.
Bldg.
Kaplan, L., 223 E. Main
Kaufman, M^ 504 W. High
Kohn, Sol., Georgetown
Kravitz, S., 305 W. Short
Miller, Jesse, 110 E. High
Louisa
Isralskv & Kohn
Loniiville
Patron
Bemhelm, L W.. Main St.
Special Members
Bernhelm, B., 648 Main
Bloom, Dr. I. N., Atherton Bldg.
Grossman, Louis, 1312 S. 2d
Switow, M., 1359 S. 2d
Annual Members
Adath Israel Congr., 834 3d
Ades, D. B.. 1525 S. 1st
Ades, Moses W., 406 E. Chestnut
Appel, Louis, 1212 3d Av.
Baron, S. S.. 941 S. 1st
Benslnger, A. B., 711 Paul Jones
Bldg.
Berman, B., 130 S. 2d
Blieden, I., 734 W. Market
Blitz, Saml. S.. 1381 S. Brook
Blitz, W., 331 E. Walnut
Bloch, Leo, 6th & Ormsby Av.
Bramson, L., 421 S. 4th
Brlth Sholom Relig. School, c/o Her-
man Meyer, 111 W. Hill
Bronner, Dr. H., Atherton Bldg.
Brooks, Mrs. Marie, 222 E. Market
Brownstein, Dr. S., 331 E. Walnut
Cohen, Meyer, Auditorium Apt
Ehrman, Hilman, Gait House
Evans, J. S., 208 E. Market
Florsheim, Morris H., c/o Bernhelm
Distilling Co.
Goldberg, Jos., 251 E. Madison
Goldberg, Max. 1132 S. 2d
Goldstein, Dora, 1372 S. Floyd
Goldstein, H., 208 E. Madison
Goldstein, Hattle, 927 S. 1st
Greenstein, Max I., 1400 2d
Hoenig, Nat, 2022 S. 3d Av.
Isaacs, Minnie D., 315 E. College
Jacobstein, A. M., 803 W. Chestnut
Klein, S., 117 E. Breckenridge
Klevansky, Rabbi S., 222 E. Madison
Kohn, Aaron, Commercial Bldg.
Kuper, E. A., 2d & Jacob
Lazarus, Jos.. 417 Kensington Court
Levy, S. J., 1617 Inter-Southern
Bldg.
Liebschutz, N., 828 S. 1st
Linker, Barnet, 255 E. Madison
Louisville Free Public Library
Marx, Gus, 2104 E. Main
Meyer, Herman, 111 W. Hill
Meyers, Dr. Sidney J., 1451 2d
Mueller, Rev. Dr. Ign., 1116 Brook
Rauch, Rabbi J., Temple Adath Is*
rael
Rosenberg, G. S., 1229 1st
44
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
439
Rosenthal, L. A., 333 E. Walnut
Sales, G. G., Lincoln Bldg.
SchalTner, Nathan, 735 Shelby
Schulman, M. W., 408 E. Walnut
Selllgman, Alfred, Paul Jones Bldg.
Selligman, Jos., Paul Jones Bldg.
Shapinsky, Allan, 315 W. Hill
Shapinsky. Simon, 1245 S. 4th At.
Simons, L L., 1317 Highland Av.
Sloss, Stanley E., 421 Park Av.
Stavltzky, S., 1369 2d
Stelnfeld, E., Inter-Southern Bldg.
Strull, Chas., 1245 S. 4th
Turnheim, S., Board of Trade Bldg.
Washer, B. T., 1336 2d
Wolkow, I. Leo, 303 E. Madison
Y. M. H. A., 2d & Jacob
Zarchy, Rabbi A. L., 330 E. Walnut
Maysville
Library Member
Ilechinger, D.
Special Member
Merz, Eugene
Annual Members
Alper, Simon, 128 Market
Brager, J. Ed., Cintlne Hotel
Hechlnger, D.
Merz, A. L.
Middleman, Saml.
Rounstein, Chas.
Mount Sterling
Glick, Saml.
Joseph, D. B.
Leyy, Isadore
Morris, Isaac, 44 S. Maysville
Newmeyer, S. M.
Newport
Brown, L., 20 Alexander Pike
Brownsteln, I., 26 Alexander Pike
Marx, M., 732 Maple Av.
Patlis, G. G., 639 Mammouth
NicholaBville
Moosnick, P., Box 484
Schapiro, S.
Scbatan, I.
Oweniboro
Library Member
Rosenfeld, Silas, 512 Frederica
Special Members Kentucky
Dahl. Philip
Wile, Henry
Annual Members
Baer, Abe, 518 Frederica .
Baer, Louis D., 125 W. Main
Barohn, H., 321 W. Main
Goldberg, J. E., Goldy St.
Levy, T. J.
Moss, E. L.
Newman, Edw., 317 Frederica
Rosenfeld. Silas, 512 Frederica
Salinger, B.
Faducah
Israel Temple Sabbath School
Levinger, Rabbi L J., 810 Jefferson
Marks, M., 335 N. 7th
Simm. Moses, SS5^ N. 7th
Stelnfeld, Dr. M., 226 N. 9th
Paris
Atlas, S.
Elvove, J.
Friedman, B., 825 Walker Av.
Joseph, D. B.
Josselson, J. H., 715 Main
Margolen, H.
Posner Bros. Co.
Price, H. L.
Price, Lee, Scott Av.
Salshin, L., Pleasant St.
Shire, Wm.
Winters, A. J.
Richmond
Pearlman, J., 125 First
Wides, M.
Shelbyville
Atlas, S.
Goorman, C.
Ruben, M.
Ruben, N.
Salinger, J.
Schradski, C.
Winchester
Baker, Morris
Baker, Saml.
Bloomfleld, Sol.
Bloomfleld, Vic.
Feld, A.
Feld, M., 12 N. Main
Frank, Abraham
Friedman, Harris
Rosen, Ben., 14 Lexington Av.
Schklowsky, J. B.
45
Digitized by
Google
440
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Louisiana
LOUISIANA
AbbevUle
Special Member
Sokoloski, L.
Ann HAL Member
Silverman, D.
Alexandria
Bauer, Geo., 405 3d
Cohen, R. & M.
Gehr, Gus, 828 1st
Gemlluth Chassodim Temple Rell-
p:iouB School
Goldring, Mrs. Dave, 10th & DeSota
Rothstem, Rabbi L. J., 804 Murray
Simon, A. E.
Baton Rouge
Sternhelm, Rabbi E., 532 Florida
Covington
Kottwitz, Aron
Crowley
Special Member
Frankel, J.
Annual Members
Ginsburg, Isaac
Mitchell, Dave
Donaldsonville
Netter, Adolph
Samuelson, S. J.
Estherwood
Kollitz, J.
Franklin
Bloch, Isaac
Mayer, Isaac
Rosenzweig, Morris
Silverman, M.
Lafayette
Abramson, N.
Bendell, I. B.
Lake Charles
Gross, Dallas, 815 Ryan
Kaufman, E. R., 711 Belbo
Mayer, A. W., 707 Belbo
Packman, Henry, 1127 Hodge
Monroe
Meyer, Mrs. Alice, 217 2d
Pollack, Jacob
Natchez
Kranson, A. & N.
New Iberia
Dreyfus, Leon, Main St.
New Orleans
Life Member
District Grand Lodge, I. O. B. B.,
2331 Magazine
Library Member
Krower, Leonard, Canal Ezch. PI.
Special Members
Julius Weis Home. Touro Infirmary
Wolflf, Solomon, 1522 Alius
Annual Members
Beer, Bertrand, 4035 St Charles Av.
Bonart, Saml., 1620 St. Charles Av.
Bruenn, Bernard, 729 St. Mary
Cahn, Edgar M., 320 St. Charles Av.
Peibleman, E., 4706 St. Charles Av.
Feingold, Dr. M., 4206 St. Charles
Av.
Feldman, Wm., 1748 Jackson Av.
Godchaux, A., 4036 St. Charles A v.
Godchaux, Mrs. P., 1237 Jackson Av.
Goldberg, Rabbi M. H., 1610 Baronne
Greenblatt, Leon A., 1421 Canal
Greenwald, Mrs. Judith K.. 2027
Gen. Taylor
Gumbel, Lester, 2320 Prytania
Heller, Rev. Dr. Max, 1828 Marengo
Hess, Bernard, 1721 State
Hyman, Saml., 3323 St. Charles Av.
Jewish Orphan Home, St. Charles &
Peters Avs.
Kohn, Jos., 18 Audubon PI.
Ladies Guild of Temple Sinal, 4016
Prytania
Lelpziger, Rev. Dr. Emil W., 4627
Baronne
Levy, Isidore, 309 Hennen Bldg.
Levy, Leopold, 2124 Camp
Mayer, Erhard, 1731 Milan
New Orleans Pub. Lib.
Newman, Mrs. H., 3512 St. Charles
Av.
Pallet, Ellas, 1050 Carondelet
Pokorny, D., 2113 St. Charles Av.
46
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
441
Rlttenberg, J., 168 S. Ramport
Bobbins, Isidore, 2207 Baronne
Schwarz, Ralph, Perrin Bldg.
Stern, M., 5116 St. Charles Av.
Weil, H., 5007 Prytania
Weiss, Sol., 5105 Pitt
Wolbretta, D., 2323 Magazine
Opelousas
Haas, Leon S.
London, J.
Plaguemine
Ephraim, Mrs. D.
Levy, T. C, 106 Eden
Silber, Ed.
Uhny, Hipp
Rayne Louisiana
Kahn, Mervine
Kahn, Sol.
Sommer, Sylvain
Bhreveport
Abramson, Dr. Louis, 722 Cotton
Bath, M. L., 310 Stoner Av.
Bernstein, Ernest R., 1239 Parle PI.
Heilprin, H.
Herold, J. K., 553 Stoner Av.
Herold, S. L., 554 Stoner Av.
Hochberger, S. H., 709 Texas
Kosabofsky, Jos., 123 McNeil
Lieber, Philip, 448 Egan
White Castle
Weill, Gus.
MAINE
Maine
Augusta
Goldberg, N., 158 Water
Goldberg, Robert, 117 Water
Levlne, Ben., 67 Corry
Miller, R., 197 Water
Bangor
Brown, A., 22 B. Summer
Clark, Max, 64 Jefferson
Friedman, A. B., 119 Exchange
Goldberg, Louis, 39 Webster Av.
Herstein, Sarah, 375 Center
Kominsky. M. S., 236 York
Rich, Louis, 50 Washington
Richardson, John L., 44 Washington
Segal, A., 159 Hancock
Wallace, Jonah, 109 Forest
Biddeford
Polakowitch, S., 126 Main
LewiBton
Berman, H. O., 60 Howe
Brownstein, M., 303 Libson
Mandelstam, M., 91 Main
Mendelson, A., 190 Pine
Saks, J. L, Box 54
Singer, A., 176 Pine
Portland
Altman, S., 294 Congress
Brenner, J., 61 Lawrence
Caplan, Dr. Elias, 81 Morning
Davis, Dr. John L, 333 Congress
Deixel, Dr. W. C, 249 Congress
Feldman, F., 121% Congress
Filler, H. L., 113 Middle
Josselson, N., 75 Middle
Kamber, Bernard, 93 Atlantic
Lerner, Louis, 59^4 Middle
Levin, H. L, 157 Franklin
Levine, Mark, 76 Beckett
Markson, M., 119 Congress
PInansky, M. L., 114% Exchange
Press, B., 75 Federal
Press, J., 879 Congress
Robinson, A.. 69 Federal
Rosen, Maurice E., 85 Exchange
Schwartz, David, 75 Wilson
Shulman, P., 9 Vine
Shur, Harry, 51 Hancock
Silverman Bros., 369 Fore
Silverman, N., 26 Hampshire
Silverman, Philip, 10 Centre
Sockonoff, Morris, 160 Newbury
Striar, M., 108a Middle
Sulkowitch, M. A., 11% Vine
Taylor, Henry N., 86 Exchange
Weisberg, Isaac, 155 Newbury
Winstein, L., 247 Middle
Waterville
Barron, Jacob, 27 Temple
Cohen, James, 12 Clinton Av.
Jobovitz, Barnet, 16 B. Pine
Klein, B., 32 Maple
Levine, Wm., 17 Main
Shriro, L. H., 12 Bridge
Wein, Saml., 137 Main
Weiss, S., 22 Maple
47
Digitized by
Google
442
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Maryland
MARYLAND
Arlingrton
Special Member
Suburban Club of Baltimore, Sta. E
Annual Member
Kohn, L. B., Clark's Lane
Baltimore
Library Members
Hutzler, Mrs. D., 1801 Eutaw PI.
Levy, Wm., 2352 Eutaw PI.
Special Members
Enton, Abraham, 2506 McCulloh
Epstein, Jacob. 2532 Eutaw PI.
Priedenwald. Jane, 2245 Eutaw PI.
Gutman, L. K., 112-122 N. Eutaw
Hamburger, Saml., Hotel Belvedere
Hochschlld, M., 1922 Eutaw PI.
Kohn, Benno, Mt. Washington
Levy, Julius, 105 Ridgewood Rd.
Rayner, A. W., 8 E. Lexington
Schwartzman, H.. 401 W. Lexington
Sllversteln, Israel, 145 Jackson PI.
Sonneborn, Mrs. H., 1608 Eutaw PI.
Sonneborn, S. B., 2420 Eutaw PI.
Strouse, BenJ., 1704 Eutaw PI.
Weinberg, Abr. I., 2310 Eutaw PI.
Annual Members
Abrams, I. A., 1707 Fairmount Av.
Abramson, C, Windsor Hill Rd. &
Lyndhurst
Adier, Chas., 1313 Eutaw PI.
Appelefleld, Louis, 41 S. Liberty
Applestein, Ben. S., 2022 E. Pratt
Ash, Fannie A., 1516 Madison Av.
Austerlltz, John, 910 E. Pratt
Baker, Tobies, 2212 McCulloh
Balder, Chas. M., 131 Jackson PI.
Bamberger, Jacob, 404 McMechen
Beck, BenJ., 2035 McCulloh
Benjamin, I. L., 822 Hollins
Berger, M., 2051 Penna. Av.
Berman, Benedict S., 209 N. Front
Berman, Jos., 231 Courtland
Bernstein, Mrs. M., 2409 Linden Av.'
Bernstein, Saml.. 246 N. Exeter
Berney, Albert, 2245 Eutaw PI.
Blaustein, Lewis, 22 N. Patterson
Park Av.
Blaustein, S., 821 E. Baltimore
Block, D. S., 1724 N. Payson
Block, Wm., 2111 E. Pratt
Bloom, M. L., 3310 Auchentoroly
Ter.
Blumberg, Ralph. 6 S. Liberty
Bordensky, Dr. N. B., 2114 Wllkens
Av.
Brim, Harry W., 657 light
Brodie, I. B., 2005 Cheston Av.
Brown, Jacob, 1406 Gough
Brown, M. D., 1717 Mondawmin A v.
Buckner, Dr. H. E., 1440 B. Balto.
Caplan, Nathan, 1616 Appleton
Caplan, Oscar, 9 N. High
Chideckel, Dr. M., 216 N. High
Chizuk Emunah Congr., c/o B.
Erkes, 1628 Callow Av.
Cline- Bernhard, 507 Law Bldg.
Cohen, Dr. Abraham, 1744 Park Av.
Cohen, B., 1709 Linden
Cohen, Bertha, 415 N. Charles
Cohen, Hyman, 136 N. Broadway
Cohen, L. J., 311 Union Tr. Bldg.
Cohen, Louis, 4 N. Broadway
Cohen, Mendes, 325 N. Charles
Cone, Mrs. Moses, 1600 Linden Av.
Cone, Dr. S. W., 2326 Eutaw PI.
Cooper, Florence, 2120 Brookfleld
Av.
Cordlsh, L., 1708 Mondawmin Av.
Crockin, Emil, 2124 Chelsea Ter.
Danker, Dr. I., 244 Alsqulth
Dalshelmer, S., Esplanade Aot.
Davidson, I., 2301 Brookfleld Av.
Dealham, S., 1614 Madison Av.
De Bols, A., 1710 Madison Av.
Debuskey, J. H., 1637 Ruxton Av.
Debuskey, R. M., 24 N. Montford
Dernberg, Lee, 220 Law Bldg.
Drucker, Saml., 22 N. Broadway
Dubois, Henry, 438 Equitable Bldg.
Ellison, D., 1627 E. Madison
Ephralm, R. L., 2121 Callow Av.
Erlanger Bros., 519 W. Pratt
Evnin, N., 1137 E. Baltimore
Fader, A., 210 E. Baltimore
Federleicht, L., 411 W. Baltimore
Feikin, B., 124 N. Eutaw
Fineman, A, 2540 McCulloh
FIneman, S., 800 Newlngton
Flam, Carl J., 25 S. Broadway
Fleischer, S. M., 1700 Eutaw PI.
Frank, E. L., Marlborough Apts.,
Wilson & Eutaw PI.
Frank, Eli, 1504 Bolton
Frank, Rebecca, 1829 Eutaw PL
Frank, Sol., 1407 EJutaw PI.
Freedman, H., 1613 Ruxton Av.
Freedom, Dr. A. G., Edmondson Av.
&14th
Frenkil, G., 1706 Mondawmin Av.
Freudenthal, C, 1917 Madison Av.
Friedenwald, Mrs. B., 1616 Linden
Av.
48
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
443
Friedenwald, Dr. Harry, 1029 Madi-
son Av. ,
B^iedenwald, Dr. Herbert, 231 Court-
land
Friedenwald, Dr. J., 1013 N. Charles
Friedman, B., 109-11 W. Lombard
Fuchsl, B. J., Charles & Chase
Ginsberg, A., 1506 Mondawmln Av.
Ginsberg, S., 734 W. North Av.
Goldberg, A., 807 Hollins
Goldberg, Wm., 1024 Stirling
Goldenberg, J., Esplanade Apts.
Goldenberg, Mrs. M., 1628 Bolton
Goldheim, Mrs. L. A., 2218 Callow
Av.
Goldman, J., 339 Presstman
Goldsmith, J. S., 2116 Bolton
Goldsmith, M. B., Esplanade Apts.
Goldstein, Dr. A., 444 N. Luzerne
Av.
Goldstone, M. H., 123 N. Broadway
Gomborov, I. S., 218 E. Lexington
Gordon, P., 2236 Mondawmin Av.
Gordon, S., Baltimore & High
Gottschalk, Mrs. L., 1805 Eutaw PI.
Greenbaum, Danl., Esplanade Apt.
Greenbaum, L. E., 1614 Eutaw PI.
Greenbaum, M. D., 1007 Fidelity
Bldg.
Greenberg, Dr. J. A., 830 E. Balto.
Greenspan, Ida, 14 W. Lee
Grinsfelder, Mrs. H., 2020 Eutaw PI.
Grinsfelder, Mrs. J., 406 W. Presst-
man
Grollman, G. S., 118 Aisquith
Guardian Club, 1504 Madison Av.
Gundershelmer, Mrs. M. E., 30 Tal-
bot Rd^ Windsor Hills
Gutman, J., 1714 Eutaw PI.
Guttmacher, Mrs. A., 2239 Brook-
field Av.
Halle, Isaac, 1904 Eutaw PI.
Halle, M. L., 2222 Callow Av.
Halperin, Dr. S., 1143 E. Baltimore
Hamburger, Mrs. H. I., 2245 Eutaw
PI.
Hamburger, L. P., 1207 Eutaw PI.
Hamburger, P., 948 Brook Lane
Hanllne, A. M., 2208 Linden Av.
Harsh, G. M., Rogers Av., Mt. Wash.
Hartogensis, B. H., 1940 Linden Av.
Hebrew Children Sheltering & Pro-
tective Assn., 22 N. Broadway
Hebrew Educ. Society, 125 Aisquith
Hecht, A. S.. 2408 Eutaw PI.
Heller, J., 509 N. Broadway
Herman, S., c/o Tiefenbaum, O'Don-
nel & Patuxent
Hlllman, N., 2539 McCulloh
Himmel, S., 2038 Eutaw PI.
Hochhelmer. L., 1005 N. Charles
Hoffman, Dr. S. B., 1523 E. Balto. Maryland
Hollander, Dr. J. H., 1802 Eutaw PI.
Hollander, J. M., 1920' Eutaw PI.
Hollander, L., 127 Jackson
Hornstein, J. D., Esplanade Apts.
Horwitz, E. H., 910 Whitelock
Hurwitz, A., 900 E. Lombard
Hurwitz, L., 114 Aisquith
Hutzler, A. G., 1801 Eutaw PI.
Hutzler, Edwin, 212 N. Howard
Jacob, Fannie E., 1803 E. Baltimore
Jacobs, J. H., 1726 N. Payson
Kan ton, H. S., 1822 Ruxton Av.
Kartman, M. A., 2319 W. North Av.
Katz, H., 2334 Madison Av.
Katz, Jos., 2510 Madison Av.
Katzenstein, Mrs. B., Esplanade
Apts.
Kaufman, Jacob, 802 W. Baltimore
Kaufman, Lawrence, 2002 McCulloh
Kaufman, Louis, 601 N. Calhoun
Keilis, Miss C, 1105 E. Madison
Kellman, H. T., 1228 E. Baltimore
Kling, Morris, 2127 E. Pratt
Kohn, Rabbi E., 821 Newington Av.
Kohn, M. J., Paca & German
Kolker, Ben., 30 N. Chester
Koppelman, Dr. M. S., 1731 E. Balto.
Kravitz, L., c/o Schloss Bros. & Co.
Kremer, N. D., 909 N. Patterson Pk.
Av.
Kriegel, J., 1224% B. Fayette
Krieger, Dr. E., 109 S. Broadway
Lauchheimer, C. H., 1524 Eutaw PI.
Lauchheimer, J. M., 2122 Bolton
Lr.iicliliclmer. S. H., Ill N. Charles
Lauer, Mrs. h., Esplanade Apt. 3 A
Lauer, M., 2001 Eutaw PI.
Lauert Rosa, 1411 Madison Av.
I^Umayer, M., 563 Calvert Bldg.
l^elbowitz, Wm. A., 1640 Ruxton A v.
Leopold. I., 2218 Eutaw PI.
Lepnick, J., 27 E. Hill
LGvln, 1. A., 1734 E. Fayette
Ltvln, L. H., 2104 Chelsea Ter.
Levin, Mignon, Windsor Hill Rd. &
Lyndhurst
Levin, P., 1532 McCulloh
Levin, S., 1604 Mondawmin Av.
Levinson, M. A., 21 N. Broadway
Levinstein, I., 2341 Madison Av.
Levy, Chas. S., 2913 O'Donnel
Linden, Dr. H., 1714 Fairmount Av.
Lutzky, Louis, 2011 McCulloh
Maass & Kemper, 107 W. Baltimore
Macht, Dr. D. I., 3218 Auchentoroly
Ter.
Mandelbaum, Mrs. S., Hotel Belve-
dere
Mansbach, Dr. I. T., 2304 Madison
Av.
49
Digitized by
Google
444
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
MarjrUuidMarlti, A. Mh, G N. Cb eater
McnJa, B., 507 S- Bryadwuy
Mlchelson, Dr. it A., 1420 E. Balto.
Mlcbelson, E., 21 IS K. Baltimore
Miller, M;, 512 Eqiiltabte Bldg.
MUJer, Max» 2111 Bolton
MlUer, Mre. Wm,, 1D07 Eutaw PI.
MorHSt Edw.» Sr, 2229 En taw TL
Morris, L., 16 IS W. La n vale
Moa^a, J. M,, 2324 Eutaw PU
Moaea, L. Wm., 2344 Eutaw PI.
Myers, J.. 2427 MeCuHoh
Notkio. M.. 2539 McCullob
Nybarg, 8. C, Sll Union Tr. Bldg.
Oheb BboLom Co tier. Suoday School
Oppenhelmer. U*, 1411 Eutaw PU
Ottenbelmer, Amelia, 20T2 Lladen
Av.
Ottenhfilmer. B. M., 2028 Linden Av.
Ottenhelmer, R. M.. 1634 Linden Av.
PaulBon, D., 2104 E. Ffiirmount Av.
Payraor, H. B., 1241 Orleana
PelB, Dr 1. R., 022 W. North Av.
Peregoff, M., 1413 E, Pratt
I'bllflps, S., 8 N. Front
Pboenli Club. 1513 Eutaw PI.
plmea, M., :J204 Callow Af,
Plotkln, S. B., 03S Equltabie Bldg.
Poian, J. U., 863 Honina
Pol&nd, Ida. 120 B. Ed^n
Robinson. M,, 1001^ Ruxton Ar.
Rogers, S., 114 N. Pine
Rome, M, A., 2225 Linden Av.
Eofl&, A., 631 Hanover
Roaen, F., 2021 E. Bait Iran re
Roaen, Dr. S., 1510 E. Baltimore
Roaeuttu, Ri^v. Dt. \\\, 1515 Eutaw
PL
Rosenberg, D. B., 1529 Penna. Av.
Rosenblatt, S., 1433 Mt. Royal Av.
Rosenbloom, S., 831 Holiins
Rosenblum, Wm., 1710 Madison Av.
Rosenfeld, A., Ill N. Howard
Rosenfeld, Mrs. G., 1720 Butaw PI.
Rosenthal, S. W., 246 S. Eden
Rothholz, S., 2218 W. North Av.
Rubenstein, Rabbi C, 2313 Callow
Av.
Sachs, Dr. J., 2252 Madison Av.
Sachs, Sarah, 2254 Madison Av.
Samuels, L., 636 Equitable Bldg.
Sandler, J. S.. 1800 E. Baltimore
Sauber, N., 2777 W. North Av.
Savage, Dr. M., 1121 B. Baltimore
Saxon, Wm., 1722 N. Carey
Schaffer, Rabbi S., 2566 McCulloh
Scher, J. W., 1127 E. Lexington
Schloss, L. S., 2541 McCulloh
Schloss, M., 11 Carroll Rd., Wind-
sor Hills
Schloss. N., 2410 Eutaw PI.
Schuman, Rev. J., 2415 Lakevlew
Av.
Schwartz, H., 3214 Evergreen Ter.
Schwartzman, A., 20 S. Chester
Schwartzman, C. & J., 621 B. Balto.
Schwartzman, M., 1216 Whitelock
Seff, Robt, 509 Aisquith
Senker, Sol., 1649 Ruxton Av.
Shalvltz, M., 816 S. Charles
Sharogrodsky, Ida, 922 E. Madison
Shochet, A. S., 2108 E. Pratt
Shuean, Jacob, 1403 E. Pratt
Shuham, M., 917 E. Pratt
Sllberman, Jos., 1014 McCulloh
Sllberman, T., 2000 Madison
Silbersteln, M., 114 Jackson PL
Silver, L. M^ 430 N. Broadway
Silverman, S., 2428 Lakevlew Av.
Sindler, Bessie, 1804 E. Baltimore
Sindler, M. J., 1832 K. Fairmount
Av.
Singer, S. M^ 1933 McCulloh
Sinsky, Dr. BL. L., 1610 B. Baltimore
Slskind, Abe, 4 W. Hill
Small, P., 607 S. Broadway
Smotrltsky, J. B., 720 N. Eden
Social Service Dept., c/o Henry Son-
neborn & Co.
Sondhelm, W., 1621 Bolton
Stambler, L. G., 115 Hanover
Stein, M., 2262 Linden Av.
Straus, A., 816 Equitable Bldg.
Strauss, M., Bsplanade Ants.
Strauss, Mrs. Wm. L., 1628 Butaw
PI.
Strouse, Mrs. B., 2114 Brookfleld Av.
Strouse, M. B^ Marlborough Apts.
Sworzyn, M., 2914 Parkwood Av.
Sykes, A., 1602 Mondawmin Av.
Thalhelmer, S., Riviera Apts.
Trupp, N., 1232 Greenmount Av.
Van Leer, M., 2218 Brookfleld Av.
Walter, M. R., 2801 N. Charles
Walter, Mrs. M. R., 2801 N. Charles
Weglein, D. B., 2400 Linden Av.
Welnstein, A., 134 N. Broadway
Wiesenfeld, B., 2828 Eutaw PL
Wlesenfeld, J., 1712 Linden Av.
Wolman, Dr. S., 2407 Madison Av.
Wyman, J. H., 1530 McCulloh
Wyman, M., 19 W. Lexington
Token, Dr. N. P.. 129 S. Broadway
Zinser, Max, 2429 McCulloh
Belair
Getz, David
Cumberland
Special Mbmbbb
Rosenbaum, S., 67 Washington
60
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
445
Annual Mbmbbbs
Baron, Rabbi M., 626 Green
Hebrew Library Soc^ Be'er Chajim
Congr., c/o Rabbi Baron
Frederick
Lowenstein, Mrs. David
Rosenstock, J.
Weinberg, Leo, 211 N. Market
Froitburg
Kaplon, Robt.
Stern, George
HyattBviUe
Edlavitch, Moses
Laurel
Block, Harry A.
Rlderwood
Billstein, A. M.
Billstein, Nathan
Levy, Paul S.
Bt, George
Maryland
MASSAGHTTSETTS
Amherst
Ginsberg, J.
Attleboro
Einstein, Mrs. S. W., 224 County
Pin, K., 55 Pine
Beachmont
Herman, Meyer J., 34 Dolphin Av.
Boston
Patbon
Klrstein, L. B., c/o Pilene & Co.
LiBBABT Members
Brandeis, L. D., 161 Devonshire
Rntstein & Sons, B., Ill Fulton
Special Mbmbebs
Mancovitz, M. A., 43 Tremont
Saltz, Dr. S. M., 118 Chambers
Annual Membebs
Abramson, Israel, 109 Kingston
Abramson, L. A., 77 Bedford
Adelman, Saml., 35 Munroe
Aguos, S. L., 145 South
Albertstam, J. D., 209 Wash., R. 12
Alexander, A., 30 Hutchison
Alland, James, 112 Tremont
Amdur, N. W., 335 Huntington Av.
Ancelovitz, M.. 101 Fulton
Apple, Max, 69 Chauncey
Arkin, Dr. L., 366 Commonwealth
Av.
Askowitch, Dr. Chas., 110 Tremont
Baer, D., 196 Columbia Rd.
Bailen, Jacob, 10 Tremont
Bailen, Saml. L., 49 Holborn
Barach, Mrs. B. H., 9 Bradford Hall
Beal, Julius, 43 Tremont
Belin, Mrs. H., 7 Chambers
Bendetson, David, 120 North
Bergson, Harrv, 18 Tremont
Berkman, M., 974 Harrison Av.
Berkowitz, Jacques. 133 Putnam
Berkowltz, N., 40 Cfourt
Berman, Abr. C, 179 Lexington
Black, Jos., 30 Leverett
Bloomfleld, Meyer. 6 Beacon
Bloomfleld, S., 373 Washington
Brilliant, Frank, 15a Albany
Brilliant, S., 15 Albany
Brody, E. J., 74 Elm Hill Av.
Brown, Hyman J., 75 Leverett
Buckman, Sydney, 21 Temple
Burroughs, A. M., 18 Tremont
Burroughs, Harry E., 39 Chambers
Bushkoli, L., 104 Hanover
Caplan, Moses, 35. Hancock
Careman, Rebecca, 190 Harvard
Caro, M., 161 Shurtleff
Cashman, B*rank, 51 Morris
Casson, S. K., 18 Tremont
Citron, Salmon I., 165 Chelsea
Cohen & Son, B., 332 Harrison Av.
Cohen, David, 316 Newbury
Cohen, Dr. H. E., 47 Tonawanda
Colby, H., 39 Broadway
Collins, A. My 50 Walnut Pk.
Cubilevitch, Saml., 16 Minot
Cusher. Dr. J. W., 12a Chambers
Damon, A. L.. 786 Washington
Dana, Saml. S., 34 School
Davidson, Saml., 170 Chelsea
Dellheim, B., 18 Tremont
Dworet, Zara, 91 Bedford
Edelstone, Harry E., 72 Elm Hill Av.
Edelstone, Wm. W., 184 Summer
Ehrlich, Harry E., 18 Tremont
Ellis, David A., 12 Keswick
Empire Grocery Co., 56 Fulton
Epstein, A. J., 1196 Blue Hill Av.
Feder. Jewish Charities, 43 Hawkins
Feins, Raphael, 60 Summer
chuaetts
61
Digitized by
Google
446
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Massa- Feldman, Dr. Jos., 324 Harrison Av.
chusetts Finkelstein, Dr. H., 342 Hanover
Finkelstein, Dr. N. A., 83 Ruthven
Forman, H., 14 Allen
Fox, Isidor, 206 Barristers Hall
Frank, Dave, 81 Milk
Frankel, Hyman M., 218 Chambers
Freedman, Dr. S. M., 419 Boylston
Freiman, M., 821 Walnut
Friedberg, H., 15 Court Sq.
Friedman, Lee M., 206 Bay State Rd.
Friedson, S. B., 7 Lowell
Garflnkle, B. L., 78 Devonshire
Garr, R. A.. 357 Meridian
Gerstein, Carl, Old South Bldg.
Ginsburg, Paul M., 60 Summer
Ginzberg, A. A., 294 Washington
Gladstone, E. Max. 102 Portland
Goldberg, Jos., 112 Marion
Goldberg, S., 42 Washington
Golden, Sara, 158 Blackstone
Goldman, H., 141 York
Goldstein, Jos., 27 Albany
Goldstine, Jos., 153 Crawford
Golub, Dr. J. J., 36 Leverett
Goodman, Mrs. S., 148 Townsend
Goodman. S., 18 Ashland
Gordon, H., 79 Milk
Greene, H., 55 Maverick Sq.
Grosberg. Mrs. O., 572 Washington
Grover, S., 23 Temple
Haas, Jacob de, 258 Washington
Hailpom, Mrs. Rachel, 35 Winter
Halperin, I., 57 Meridian
Halpern, M., 66 Brunswick
Hamorlit, Ethel L., 74 Waumbeck
Harris, Isaac, 6 Beacon
Harrison, S. H., 660 Washington
Herman, Mrs. J. M., 424 Marl-
borough
Hirschberg, A. S., 373 Washington
Holsberg, Maurice B., 43 Tremont
Hurwitz, Dr. A. J., 34 Chambers
Hurwitz, Albert, Pemberton Bldg.
Hurwitz, S., Pemberton Bldg.
Hurwitz, Dr. Simon, 32 McLean
Ind. Workmen's Circle of Amer., 9
Cambridge
Kahn, J. A., 49 Revere
Kaplan, Barnet, 59 Leverett
Kaplan, H., 43 Joy
Kaufman, August H., 86 High
Klayman, Harry, 43 Tremont
Koplow, Nathan, 77 Bedford
Kramer, Dr. Geo., 43 Chambers
Kuskin, Wm., 47 Devon
Lebowich, I., 564 Washington
Lebowich, Jacob, 39 Moultrie
Levenson, Abe, Pemberton Bldg.
Levenson, H. H., 177 Blackstone
Levenson, J., 177 Blackstone
Levenson, N., 984 Saratoga
Levey, Ben. A., 73 Tremont
Levine, Henry M., 125 Tremont
Levins, Dr. N. N., 30 Chambers
Ijevinson, N., 34 McLean
Levy, B. F., 28 Brainerd Rd.
Levy, Louis J., 11 Kingston
Lewenberg, Solomon, Tremont Bldg.
Lewis, Hyman, 82 Devon
Margolls, Saml. A., 15 State
Marks, John D., 16 Leaver
Marshall, Jos., 101 Tremont
Massell, Dr. Jos. H., 47 Tonawanda
Medalia, Dr. Leon S., 483 Beacon
Meirick, S. H., 81 Poplar
Mendelsohn, H. B., 53 Intervale
Meyer, J., 42 Angel 1
Meyers, Dr. S., 93 Lexington
Morrison, A., 36 Portland
Morrison, H., 108 Glenway
Morse, M. M., 904 Beacon
Moskin, Saml. A., 73 Tremont
Moskowltz, J., 25 Kingsbury
Mydans, M. I., 18 Tremont
Neuhoff, Simon, 125 Homestead
Norton, S. M., Chauncey St.
Glim, Eva H.. 60 G
Orkin, Harry, 373 Washington
Oshry Bros., 12 Spring
Pokroisky, L., 10 Sunderland
Pollack, H. R., 45 Irving
Potash, Philip, 48 Billerica
Prenowitz, P. N., 68 Clifford
Prussian, Aaron, 117 Deyon
Public Library
Rabalskv, B., Charles Bank Homes
Reingold, Rubin, 40 Leverett
Reinherz, I. B., 5 Stillman
Roberts, H;^ 507 Washington
Robineau, Simon P., 62 Clifford
Robinson, J., 77 Summer
Robinson, Robt., 16 Court Sq.
Rodberg, H., 1851 Washington
Rogolsky, B^reda, 117 Chambers
Rose, A. E., Pemberton Bldg.
Rosen, Dr. David W., 321 Hanover
Rosenberg, I. J.. 1148 Washington
Rosenstein, Louis, 16 Parkman
Rosenthal, Dr. C, 337 Mass. Av.
Ross, Dr. J. P., 7 Chambers
Rubenowitz, Rev. H. H., 53 Copeland
Rubenstein, Philip, 53 State
Rubin, Dr. M. S., 230 Meridian
Rudnick, Carl, 226 Bay State Rd.
Rudnick, J., 16 Gannett
Sacklod, Louis, 10 Minot
Salow, Elvin, 413 Atlantic A v.
Saver, B., 317 Blue Hill Av.
Savitsky, H. A., Jewish Educational
All.
Schmidt, S. M., 21 Chambers
52
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
447
Schwartz, M., 10 Oswego
Segal, David, 1913 Chelsea
Seldenberg, " H., Boston Evening
Record
Sellg, Mrs. H. L^ 43 Hawkins
Shafer, H., 56 Endlcott
Shaln, Louis, 104 Chauncey
Shapiro, A., 54 Spring
Sharpe, M., 13 Phillips
Shelnfeld. S. J.. 89 Nightingale
Sherey, A. M., 106 Meridian
Sherman, Meyer, 11 Wall
Shocket, A., 25 Allen
Shpunt, Saml., 164 North
Shuman, Max L., 7 Lowell
Siegel, Dr. D., 51 Chambers
Silverman, J. J., 43 Tremont
Simmons, L., 30 Kingston
Singer, Charles, 101 Fulton
Sisklnd, Henry, 18 Tremont
Slobodkin, Harris A., 40 Lowell
Slutzkl, Wm., 117 Crawford
Smith, L. J., 75 Leverett
Sodofsky, M., 14 Fowler
Solomon, Oscar H., 36 Salem
Sondhelm, P. J., Old South Bldg.
Stem, Harry, 218 Chambers
Steuer, M. H., 20 Rockland
Stoneman, David, 14 Esmond
Temple Mlshkon Tefila, Moreland &
Copeland
Thumin, L. A., 53 State
Titlebaum, Albert, 42 Washington
Trachtenberg, Ph., 177 Woodrow Av.
Trustman, Dr. Israel, 59 Chambers
Turebsky. David, 30 Moore
Urrows, Dr. Isadore, 58 Chambers
Urrows, Dr. Sidney S., 58 Chambers
White, David, 10 Tremont
White, Nathan I., 288 Hanover
Whitman, Morris, 18 Hancock
Wigonsky, Jno., 349 Charles
Winer, Morris, 160 Commercial
Wolfson, Lewis W., 109 Kingston
Wolper, I., 44 Canterburg
Woronoff, Ben J., 11 Lowell
Wyner, Henry, 387 Washington
Wyzanskl, Max E., 18 Tremont
Brighton
Blchler, Rev. M. M., 1870 Common-
wealth Av.
Brockton
Green, Jos., 201 Center
Perkins, ILiOuis, 28 Center
Shachter, Henry. 18 Kingman
Y. M. H. A., 138 Main
Zarensky, M. H., 29 Crescent PL
Brookline
Amster, N. S., 6 Howes
Andrews, J., 149 Wlnthrop Rd.
Carver, S.. 1862 Beacon
Corney, Max C, 132 Pleasant
Ehrlich, Mrs. Adolph, 31 Bedford
FIneberg, Simon, 67 Kennard
Glnzberg, Barnard, 7 Parkman Rd,
Goulston, E. S., 38 Stedman
Hein, Mrs. B. M., 1857 Beacon
Klein, Ignatz, 40 Winchester
Lehmann, C, 1412 Beacon
Levi, Rabbi Harry, 24 Verndale
Messon. Israel, 1742 Beacon
Penn, Mrs. Henry, 140 Thorndike
Rosenbush, A. A., 135 Thorndike
Rubin, Jacob. 12 Kllsy Rd.
Sawyer, M. J., 1870 Beacon
Cambridge
Aronson, B., 1039 Mass. Av.
Barron, Maurice B., 295 Windsor
Greensteln, B., 224 Webster Av.
Kellner, Dr. Max, 7 Mason
Kirshen, J., 985 Cambridge
Leven, Nathan, 122 Berkshire
Prombon, Jacob, 291 Windsor
Slater, Chas., 15a Tremont
White, Maurice J., 984 Cambridge
Zlnk, Abraham, 281 River
Charleitown
Schlosberg, Lena, 34a Monument Sq.
Chelsea
Adelman, M., 45 4th
Aronson, Jos., 105 Arlington
Beerman, B., 74 Franklin Av.
Brest, A. P., 73 Shawmut
Brilliant, M. R., 148 Pearl
Davidson, Dr. A., 197 Chestnut
Garb, Chas., 78 Franklin Av.
Gellen, S., 87 Orange
Goldberg, Dr. Ellas, 198 Chestnut
Gordon, Aron, 90 Walnut
Israelite, Rev. P. J., 235 Chestnut
Jacobs, M., 250 Chestnut
Kessler, Dr. I. H., 276 Broadway
Kluback, A. H., 230 Chestnut
Koerner, A., 42 Carm^i
Levenson, J. M., 287 Washington Av.
LIpofsky, Saml., 85 Grove
Lourie, David A.. 11 Clark Av.
Lourie, Jacob, 78 Franklin Av.
Markell, Saml., 123 Franklin Av.
Pollack, Dr. J. T., 212 Chestnut
Resnick, Louis H., 72 Williams
Rosenberg, Moses, 55 Essex
Salter, Abram, 147 Franklin A v.
Shapiro, Sadie, 75 Broadway
chusetts
53
Digitized by
Google
448
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
• Silverman, M. B., 144 Bloomingdale
chusetti Slotnick, S., 37 Auburn
Smith, Harry, 218 Chestnut
Solomon, S., 104 Chestnut
Tobey, Maurice, 261 Chestnut
Yunes, M. L., 87 Orange
Chioopee
Cohen, M. H., 98 Dwight
Wiener, Saml., 43 Pine
Ohioopee Falls
Cohen, H., 19 Grove
Cohen, Hyman J., 23 Cochrane
Wemick, L., 67 Market
Wemick, S., 24 Church
Wolfson, A., 86 Market
Dorchester
Aeroos. L., 60 Canterbury
Alberts, Mrs. I., 29 Brlnsley
Beresofsky, P., 17 Castle Gate Rd.
Berger, Wolf, 4 Michigan A v.
Bergson, Simon, 73 Toplifif
Bloom, Saml., 8 Fowler
Brody, Israel, 394 Geneva Av.
Byer. Selick J., 26 Angell
Castleman, Saml., 39 Michigan Av.
Cauman, M.. 23 Topi Iff
Cherry. Lillian, 68 Topllff
Chertok, Dr. M. A., 346 Blue Hill Av.
Cohen, A., 11 York
Cohen, Mrs. H., 7 Michigan Av.
Cohen, M. W., 110 Glen way
Cole Drug Co., 868 Blue Hill Av.
Dana, Moses L., 27 BIcknell
Daniels, Julius, 12 Harlem
Davis, Lazarus, 28 Angell
Deitch, Hyman, 51 Glenway
Dine, Harry A., 19 Wolcott
Flanders, A. N., 35 Highland
Goldberg, Isaac, 67 Fowler
Goldfarb, M., 8 Elmhurst
Goldman, A. C, 38 Canterbury
Goldman, A. K.. 39 Esmond
Goldman, C, 87 Bloomfleld
Goldstein, H. M., 39 Johnston Rd.
Goldstlne, David, 11 Harlem
Goldwasser, D., 373 Washington
Gordon, A. O., 205 Columbia Rd.
Hellbronner. I., 34 Columbia Rd.
Hurvltz, Frank, 11 York
Jacobson, J. L., 15 Wolcott
Jolles, L. S., 22 Nightingale
Katz, C, 18 Hay market Sq.
Kessler, S., 1488 Dorchester Av.
Klein, Eph., 12 Lena Pk.
Kohn, Harry, 37 Wolcott
Kuhn, B., 568 Blue Hill
Lande, Rhoda, 36 McClellan
Lebowich, Max, 11 Melville Av.
Levenson, Yosef L., 35 Spencer
Levowich, H. N., 41 Glenway
Libman, Louis, 1 Page
Lourie, Myer, L., 50 Bradshaw
Lubin, M. A., 25 Wolcott
Lumiansky, Nathan, 44 Wolcott
Lurie, M. S., 327 Seaver
Margolis, I., 22 Lena Pk.
Mehllnger, Albert 21 Brinsley
Mendelsohn, Dr. L., 477 Washington
Miller, Morris, 89 Fowler
Nollman, Hyman, 11 Wild wood
Orkin, N., 71 Nightingale
Orkin, Wm. J., 1067 Blue Hill Av.
Orkin, Wm. S., 232 Geneva Av.
Orlick, P., 73 Kingsdale
Ourieff, J., 97 Lucerne
Parwey, BenJ., 62 Glenway
Prokesh. Dr. S. Z., 147 Canterbury
Quint, Saml., 19 Hollander *
Rombach, H. M., 415 Kimball Bldg.
Rosenthal, Saml. S., 38 McClellan
Rubin, Jacob, 46 Wolcott
Sacks, A. M.. 49 Miller
Shafer, H., 34 Stanwood
Sichel, H., 7 Strathcona Rd.
Slegel, Eli, 841 Blue Hill Av.
Solomont, M. L., 34 Bloomfleld
Spiegel, Lewis, 22 Wolcott
Stoler, BenJ., 41 Wolcott
Sturnick, Dr. M., 12 Columbia Rd.
Sugel, M., 45 Angell
Tanner, Moses, 61 Clazton
Titlebaum, N. J., 35 Glenway
Thurman, Jacob, 15 York
Wolff, I., 63 Coleman
Everett
Lublnsky, H., 65 Maiden
Fall River
Baron, Saml., 382 Columbia
Bloon, Morton, 682 2d
Davidow, Jos., 35 Ridge
Felnberg, Norman L., 289 S. Main
Feltelberg, Morris, 92 William
Gourse, David L., 322 Hope
Greenbaum, Dr. R. D.. 354 County
Kaufman, Ben. S., 47 Mulberry
Kovalskv, Dr. Lk)u1s, 408 Bark
Madowsky, Louis, 48 Ridge
Maker, Dr. G. M.. 315 Washington
Nailburg, S., 815 Middle
Nerenberg, C., 497 Ferry
Radovsky, David R., 121 Cottage
Radowsky, Jos., 272 Whipple
Reback, M. H., 74 Hunter
Schaichetman, S., 194 Columbia
Shabshelowitz, L., 344 Columbia
64
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
449
Shagam, Benj., 184 Pleasant
Sharkowsky, I., 66 Park
Sherman, L., 1782 S. Main
Silverstein, D., 10 S. Main
Snell, M., 286 Columbia
Soforenka, L.. Hotel Lenox
Tirk. Dr. N. H.. 616 N. Main
Wexler, H., 43 Tecumseh
WInarsky, J. L., 69 Union
Winograd, J. D., 400 Ridge
Wyman, M., 165 Washington
Tamins, Louis h., 411 Columbia
Yamins. Nathan, 411 Columbia
Fitohburg
Fergeuson, Harry, 12 Green
Miller, Julias, 41 Bontelle
Gardner
Abarbanel Club, Court House Bldg.
Kessler, Israel. 69 Parker
Michelman, B. M., 119 Graham
Yoffa, Jos. B., 256 N. Main
Haverhill
Cohen, Rose, 9 Bartlett
Glegansky, S., 29 Merrimack
Hartman, D., 3 Park A v.
Lassman. M., 231 Essex
Zelig, Sadye, 24 Arch
Holyoke
Life Member
Barowsky, Jos. H., 1562 Dwlght
Annual Members
Afsensky, S., 64 Hampshire
Barger, A. J., 936 Dwlght
Barowsky, A., 294 Park Av.
Bearg, Saml., 964 Dwight
Bell, Joshua, 41 Wolcott
Berkowltz, Louis, 821 Park
Berman, J., 243 Park
Bernstein, M. M., 719 Dwight
Bloom, B., 9 William
Cohen, B. W., 13 Willow
Cohen, M., 9 Adams
Greenspan, Abram, 46 Sargent
Hertzmark, Wm., 420 High
Hirsch, Morris, 260 Pine
Hoff, Louis L., 275 Park
Jacobson, Max, 5 Spring
Koplinsky, I., 80 Masher
Laskin, M., 373 Main
Muskat, Henry, 294 Park
Muskat, Le>> .T., 425 Elm
Orlen, Barnet, 682 S. East
Persky, Hyman, 23 Ely
Polonsky, D., 606 South
Potolski, L M., 88 Westfleld
Press, M. M., 32 Jackson
Roberts, P., 37 Longwood
Saltman, Jos^ 23 Hamilton
Satin, I., 7 Willow
Slotnick, M. N., 26 Linden
Smith, M., 24 Sargent
Sol in, S.. 224 Lyman
Spies, M. S., 346 High
Stein, Max, 289 Elm
Suber, Max, 874 Dwight
Waxman, Rabbi M^27 Hitchcock
Weinberg, S., 970 Hampden
Welner, W., 277 Park
Wolman, Benj., 37 Longwood Av.
Hyde Park
Aronson, B., 113 Pierce
Shapiro, Jos. S., 57 Milton At.
Swartz, Nathan, 32 Arlington
Jamaica Plains
Harris, Isaac, 122 Pond
Williams, J. G., 42 Dunster Rd.
Lawrence
Levenson, M., 80 Holly
Lowell
Sllverblatt Bennet, 71 Central
Strauss, Alex., 18 Marlborough
Lynn
Bayard. Ben., 816 Western Av.
Frankel, S., 24 Kensington Sq.
Oilman, A. N., 216 Summer
Goldberg, Abraham, 666 Boston
Goodman, H., 9 Pierce Rd.
Goodman, Dr. J. H., 138 Summer
Grab, Jno., 180 Summer
Klivansky, Jno., 94 Mall
Linsky, Max., 127 Munroe
Masofsky, BenJ., 13 Rock Av.
Schon. Dr. Edw.. 279 Summer
Slobodkin, P., 16 Shipard
Turow, Dr. Abram A., 10 Crosby
Wainshel, Dr. P. W., 125 Summer
Zack, B., 116 Blossom
Maiden
Special Member
Gordon, H., 46 Porter
Annual Members
Albert, R. F., 22 Grape
Augenstein, J., 123 Laurel
Berenson, Julius L., 61 Clark
Cohen, D., 50 Starblrd
chusetts
65
Digitized by
Google
450
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Maasa- Cohen, Harry, 159 Essex
chuaetts Glaser, M., 336 Salem
Isaacson, Meyer H., 73 Mt. Vernon
Levitzky, P., 264 Broadway
Lewin, I., 253 Bryant
LIberman, Wm., 66 Myrtle
Massell, Morris, 50 Starbird
Morrison, Henry I., 368 Ferry
Norman, Dr. J. P., 241 Bryant
Rosenblatt, I., 4 Short
Segal, Mandell J., 37 Henry
Shear, I. J., 238 Broadway
Sherman, TjOuIs, 15 Starbird
Slgilman, Saml^ 36 Grace
Slobodkin, Dr. S. H.. 208 Bryant
Solomont, Simon, 133 Walnut
Manhfleld
Feinberg, B. M.
Hattapan
MIttell, Abr., 107 Wellington Hill
Rose, Alex., 27 Woolson
Hedford
Friedman, Saml., 188 Forrest
New Bedford
Altman. J., 114 High
Barnet, Saml.. 501 Coggeshell
Berkowltz, Jullns. 105 South
Oohen Bros.. 1088 Acushnet Av.
Davldow. W., 6 Crape
Dratch. Ben.. 178 Grinnell
Grochlnsky, Dr. H.. 54 Russell
Kaplan, Abraham, 917 S. Water
Kaplan, Saml.. 486 S. 1st
Kestenbaum, E.. 893 S. Water
Margolls. Max, 1262 Acushnet Av.
Raymond, Jos., 6 Wlnsr
Rosenberg, Solomon, 465 Purchase
Rothchlld, S.. 1059 Acushnet Av.
Russetto, Barnet A.. 67 Union
Segall, S. K., 1208 Acushnet Av.
Shapiro. Hvman, 21 Mosher
Wolfson, Fisher, 1326 Acushnet Av.
Newhnrsrport
Checkaway, Ben.. 7 Federal
Stlllman, H. D., 142 Fair
North Adams
Selikowltz, Jacob L.
Northampton
Carlson, Saml., 61 Pleasant
Cohn, Frank, 26 Main
Cohn, Simon, 132 King
Levlngstone, Israel B., 59 Maple
MIchelman, I., 13 Cherry
Plttifleld
Special Members
Rosenthal, M. G.
England, Simon, 187 Wendell Av.
Annual Members
Adelson, Abe, 17 Jordon Av.
Bidencope, David, 202 Dewey Av.
Carr, Nathan, 174 Dewey Av.
Cohen, H., 128 Linden
Davis, Jacob L., 95 Daniels A v.
Eisner, Dr. Maurice S., 229 Bobbins
Feldman, Jos.. 43 Kent Av.
Finkelstein, Dr. N., 86 North
Frumkin, S. H., 288 Bradford
Gans, Isaac, 632 North
Goldstein, M., 645 North
Goodman, Saml.. 168 Dewey
Green, David, 147 Onota
Halperin, K., 43 Francis
Klein, Adolph, 160 Newell
Klein, I. L., 164 Newell
Krantzman, Robt., 240 Onota
Lazarus, H^42 North
Levenson, K. J., 178 Bobbins Av.
Lipshutz Bros., 247 North
Marsim, P., 158 Center
Martin, Wm., 279 Bradford
Meirowltz, M., 269 West
Melnick, S., 38 N. John
MIchelman, Abe M., 28 Hamlin
Rosenblum, Morris, 38 N. John
Rosenfeld, Harold, 7 Jordon Av.
Rosenthal, M., 272 Bradford
Sellkowitz, P., 27 Curtin Av.
Slegel, Morris, 265 Bradford
Skoletsky, Harris, 5 Pacific
Waltman, Harry, 189 Dewey A v.
Plymouth
Kaplovltz, Harris, 52 High
Steinberg, J., 57 Pleasant
Quincy
Berman, John, 117 Quincy
Cohen, S., 278 Copeland
Grossman, Louis, 22 Federal A v.
Szathmary, Jos., 1447 Hancock
Winer, Meyer, 164 Glendale Rd.
Revere
Alsner, Morris M„ 19 Dana
Fritz, M. M., 56 Waverly Av.
Garman, I., 53 Highland
Gilgoff, D.. 110 Shirley Av.
Hein, Nathan, 166 Hitchborn
66
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
451
Kladky, Harry A., 42 Delhon
Seldenberg, Harold, 2789 Bway.
Roslindale
Margolls, M. A., 297 KIttredge
Rozbury
Adelman, Mrs. A., 62 Hutchings
Adlow, Nathan, 66 Clifford
Alberts, M. J., 129 Devon
Alpert, Wm., 128 Staunwood
Aronson, B., 30 Creston
Aronson, Philip J., 79 Brunswick
Bernard, Eh*. B. L., 195 Dorchester
Borison, Philip, 28 Lawrence Pk.
Broomfleld, Ruben, 121 Crawford
Broudy, Morris, 169 Quincy
Brown, M., 19 Wyoming
Butter, Saml.
Cohen, Nathan, 60 Maywood
Cohen, S., 41 Intervale
Cohen, Sol. L.
Dana, Myer, 250 Reaver
Dangel, S. J., 449 Walnut Av.
Drucker, Jno., 159 Ruthven
Finkelstein, Dr. J., 36 Lawrence Av.
Gilsben?, S., 20 Intervale
Glasser, H., 201 Magnolia
Glunts, James D., 278 Humboldt
Av.
Goldberg, A. E., 54 Lawrence Av.
Goldman, S., 109 Waumbeck
Goldstein. Meyer. 69 Lawrence Av
Goodman, J. H., 9 Gamrette
Gordon, J., 3 Johnson Pk.
Gorovitz, Rabbi A.^ 1204 Fremont
Green, Jacob L., 69 Homestead
Halsband, Hy. B.. 328 Blue Hill Av.
Hebrew Normal School, 581 Warren
Heller, Isaac, 41 Howland
Herman, A., 90 Waumbeck
Holzman, Dr. J., 1 Elm Hill Av.
Hurwitz, Dr. M., 357 Blue Hill Av.
Israeli, Rabbi P., 60 Lawrence Av.
.Tacobowitz, L., 81 Waumbeck
Janofsky, A.. 117 Humboldt
Jolles, Louis, 123 Crawford
Kahn, Morris, 60 Intervale
Kasanof, D. M., 235 Blue Hill Av.
Lasker, Julius, 34 Lawrence Av.
Levin, Mrs. Cm 89 Waumbeck
Loewenberg, H., 86 Equitable Bldg.
Lomansky, N., 289 Blue Hill Av.
Mann, Gertrude E., 68 Waumbeck
MIchaelson, A., 128 Devon
Navison, Jos.. 63 Bainbridge
Palais, Maurice, 139 Harold
Perkins, Chas., 222 Humboldt Av.
Pinanski, Nathan, 15 State
Podelsky, J., 34 Lawrence Av.
16 57
Price, H., 20 Garden ^^^^^
Rabinovltz, J., 11 Cheney chusetts
Rabinowitz, Jos., 24 Charlotte
Ratzkoff, Jm 284 Columbia Rd.
Reibstein, Dr. A. W., 438 Warren
Reich, H., 20 Gordon
Rosenthal, A. R., 294 Washington
Samuel, Bernard, 68 Maywood
Schooner, S. G., 32 Brookledge
Shain, S., 17 Edinboro
Shohan, W., 115 Crawford
Shoher, Rabbi H. S., 370 Blue Hill
Av.
Stone, Saml. J., 82 Homestead
Tumaroff, M., 42 Intervale
Weisman, Mayer, 23 Waumbeck
Wolbursht, G. L., 96 Devon
Wolkowich, E., 278 Humboldt Av.
Salem
Bernstein, J. W., 23 Front
Davis, A. J., 1 Wisteria
Goldberg, Max, 201a Lafayette
Goldman, C. A., 6 Boardman
Gould, Bernard, 53 Washington
Kimball, Israel, 10 Mall
Lesses, Dr. M., 62 Washington Sq. S.
Rogers, David H., 13 Park Av.
Weis, S. A., 25 Webbe
Winer, Dr. M., 60 Washington
Somerville
Cohen, J., 103 Sycamore
Hillson, H. M., 16 Taylor
Hillson, J., 13 Edmands
Tunstall, Wm. B., 45a Hancock
South Framingham
Mason, Harry, 230 Waverly
Sonthbrldge
Greene, Morris, 15 Charlton
Robbin, Ralph, 55 Mechanic
Bpringfleld
Special Members
Kohn^ Felix, 68 Plainfleid
Lasker, Henry, 244 Summer Av.
Annual Members
Ack, Frank E., 24 Salem
Ackerman, N., 25 Linden
Adaskin, H., 44 Summer Av.
Aronstam, Frank, 100 Bridge
Aronstam, J., 63 N. Main
Bassin, M., 31 Clinton
Becker, Ben., 58 Hebron
Bernstein, H. S., 564 Chestnut
Blanc, Neil, 85 Jefferson Av.
Digitized by
Google
462
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
• BlausteiD, J., 50 Belmont Ay.
chusetts Bloom, Frank, 18 Prospect Ter.
Bloome, Chas. P., 1293 North
Brooks, Richard S., 68 Lakeside Av.
Brooslin, M., 11 Hebron
Brown, H., 46 Allendale
Burack, Wm. J., 1373 North
Cohen, Ell, 11 Jefferson Av.
Cohen, Julius A., 387 Main
Cohen, Meyer, 1304 North
Cohen, Morris A., 41 Main
Cohen, W. H., 38 Morgan
Cohn, Frederick, 244 Main
Cohn, Louis, 64 Grays A v.
Daniel, Harry, 26 Mass. Av.
Ehrllch, Hyman, 640 Dickinson
Ehrllch & Ehrllch, 244 Main
Fein, A., 53 Church
EMsher, J., 68 Liberty
Fisher, P. V., 44 Hollywood
Pracht, Plncus
Freedman, Rev. J., 80 Greenwood
Freeman, Harry, 40 Bliss
Freeman, Rev. P., 19 Ringgold
Gelfman, Abr., 9 Brookby Av.
Gelfman, Jos. W., 54 Hebron
Gelin, Wm., 514 Main
Goldln, Jos., 20 Hebron
Goldstein, N. E., Broadway Theatre
Gordon, P., 22 Morgan
Gottesman, Jno. G., 178 Carew
Harvey, N. M., 144 Franklin
Henin, Dr. C. C., 274 Forrest Pk. Av.
Hlmelfore, Saml., 178 Worthington
Hirsch, Dr. H. L., 172 Main
Hlrschen, J., 471 Dickinson
Isgur, Leo, 374 Main
.XoTTj. Anroij, 2-12 Dlck1ns"Q
Kiipittn, Simon. 412 t'lie^tDUt
Kfltz^ r^iiils. 67 r huroh
Keller. Morris, :i68 Dickinson
KpIhou, p., as Wendell Av.
KiuKahcrg, .f. D., 14 Everett
KImIii, Or. Banal. I 111 Main
KoiKlmJiu, A,, 172 Main
KrtV^lsky, RfiV. M.. aS tliflys Av.
Kovfirsky, S., 62 Shoton
Kurnltflkv, L, 3fiS N. Mala
Ku^huer, Isdac, IfJOH N. Main
LeveuthnU Faonle. 70 Maflsasolt
Le?ln, Ixtiils A., 787 North
Levlnon. S., 350 Main
l^witt J. H,, 620 North
Llpansky, M., T4 Boj^lston Av.
:MaE:aa3nDi% J,, 464 Cbestnut
MarBhak, H. M., 3a Trafton Rd.
Mazer, M., 48 Medford
Mirkln, S., 87 Greenwood
Naurlson, Dr. J. Z., 368 Dickinson
Nlrensteln, N., 71 Sergeant
PesBln, Rabhi Sol., 364 Chestnut
Price, Rev. Saml., 345 Belmont Av.
Prowler, J. E., 144 Main
Rablnovitz, Dr. B., 1082 North
Rabinowltz, F., 61 Sorrento
Raddlng, B., 80 Woodside Ter.
Radding, Max, 68 Bryant
Radner, Victor, 368 Dickinson
Rublnowitch, Abram, 299 Chestnut
Sadowsky, M., 41 Osgood
Sagalyn, Ernest L., 12 Eagle
Sagalyn, R., 46 Gerrdel Summer
Schreiber, H., 18 Summer Av.
Shapiro, M. J., 534 Chestnut
Simkowich, Louis, 22 Brooklyn Av.
Slavln, A. H., 85 Flrglade Av.
Slutskin, Dr. M. S. 120 Main
Slutzky, S., 74 Boylston
Sosner, S. M., 48 Hebron
Terney, L. B., 61 Morgan
Wessler, Dr. M., 82 Woodside Ter.
White, A, 536 Chestnut
Widlansky, L., 40 Hebron
Taunton
Berkover, Lewis, 34 Winthrop
Bernstein, M. H., 16 Washington
Besbris, A., 16 Washington
Dana, Wm. J., 6 Prospect
Faber, Israel, 7 Hodges A v.
Wakefield
Goldberg, Dr. Gustnv, 92 Alblan
Waltham
Bayard, H., 33 Evelyn
Levlson, Harry N., 122 Moody
Masson, Jos. B., 135 Alder
Mendelsohn, C. M., 319 Moody
Tlckton, Dan. L., 313 School
Westfleld
Blech, Jonas, 172 Elm
Fleishman, Max, 23 Monroe
Goodman, M., 9 Ashley
Lappln, Albert, 113 Josephine A v.
Pomerantz, Max, 38 Orange
Silverman, Philip, 15 Maple
Winthrop
Itzkowitz, Jennie A., 30 Grove A v.
Worcester
Arkus, W., 95 Providence
Burwick, J., 20 Shusler
Chase, Roy, 8 Shannon
Chelffeltz, Abraham, 448 Pleasant
Cohen, A. Max, 44 Barclay
Ellas, Saul, 320 Highland
68
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
453
Feingold, Louis E., 840 Main
Friedman, S. G., State Mutual Bldg.
Ganzburg, Dr. A. G., 1 Green
GInsburg, L., 119 Providence
Goldstein, Saml. I., 112 Elm
Grace, Harris, 10 Coral
Grodberg & Hirsch, 43 Pleasant
Hiliman, A. M., Slater Bldg.
Isenberg, David B., 105 June
Israel, A., 46 Providence
Kaplan, Elizabeth D., 68 Water
Katz, Julius, 66 Woodland
Kumin, Frank, 46 Providence
Leiner, S., 17 Harding
Leve, Rev. B., 21 Waverly
Mlntz, Max, 78 Providence
Pollett, R. S., 79 Millbury
Reed, Jacob, 150 Elm
Rome, Nathan, 178 Russell
Rosenthal, J., 49 Arlington
Seder, Jos. S., 100 Harrison
Siflf, J. O., 96 Harrison
Silverman, M. I., 16 Coral
SuflPrin, Dr. J., 97 Grafton
Wolfson, Mrs. S., 74 Providence
Wolkowltch, B., 49 Providence
chusetts
MICHIGAN
Michigan
Ahmeek
Glass, Mrs. Fronma
Marks, Louis
Ann Arbor
Sharfman, I. Leo, 1607 S. University
Av.
Battle Creek
Franklin, M. J.
Kapp, August, Main. E., & Jefferson
Av., So.
Liande, L. S., 48 S. Jay
Natchez, Shay, 146 Marshall
Netzorg, I., 12 Jefferson Av., S.
Bay City
Goldman, J. B., 421 Van Buren
Benton Harbor
Block, David, 165 Pair Av.
Calumet
Ruttenberg, Oscar
Orystal Falls
Ruwitch, Herman
Warshawsky, Nathan
Detroit
Special Member
Miller, J., 907 Majestic Bldg.
Annual Members
Abramson, Jos., 88 Parson
Alpert, Danl. J., 438 Antoine
Amberg, Dr. Emil, 756 Cass Av.
Aronstam, Dr. N. E., 702 Shurly
Bldg.
Beisman, Dr. Jos., 1058 Brush
Benjamin, M. W., 162 Harper Av.
Bennett, Dr. C. A., 93 Mass. Av.,
Highland Pk.
Berman, B., 163 E. Ferry Av.
Bernstein, David, 747 Hurlbut Av.
Bernstein, Dr. P. M., 153 E. Han-
cock
Beth El Temple Sabbath School, c/o
Rev. L M. Franklin
Bittker, E., 325 Warren Av., E.
Blumberg, M. H., 333 Clairmont
Blumenthal, D., 90 Alfred
Brilling, Mrs. Henry, 96 Lincoln Av.
Brownstein, H. G., 104 Woodward
Av.
CurnBUne, Dr. J. Y., 21 B Theodore
ButzeJ, F. M., 1012 tFoion Tr. Bldg.
Hiitzel. H. M., 1012 Onion Tr. Bldg.
Colin* Louis, 183 Winter
DreifUK, Umt\ 503 Ford Bldir.
DrpifnsH, Maurice, 602 Ford Bldg,
Kdwards, Mux, 9S MUwaukoe Av. E.
Ehrlfch. Moe, 31fl llastlngM
EtlUfttir, r., 732 Klvaid
FlnkcJ. Maiirtcfj U., '.nn HastLnKS
I'lnatenwald, Arjolfih, 67 Motiro^e
Frank, Charlps, 25*^ Napoi(*oii
Frank, H-, Grand Blvd. & Orleans
Frafili. Meyt^r, 1830 Dime Bk, Bldg.
FraDk. HaaiK, 25'^ NapoleoG
Frank. Sldnc-y, 112 E. Warren Av,
Franklin, liabbl Leo, 10 lOdlaon At.
I'] icdli^rg, j.f 112 Ersklne
Fripdman, W., 1437 Dime Bk. Bldg.
(Joldj^leid. M., 268 Wrvrren Av-t E.
Goldman^ A., 154 W, Betbune
Gt>ldman, B.» 526 Dime Bk. Bldg*
Goldman Bros^^ 418 Haatlngs
Gordon, Abe, c/o A, Krollk Co,, 110
JcfTerson Av.
Gordon, Ben J., 495 Beaublen
(iranet. Louis, 1D3 KrsljlnQ
Grece, Edw. S,, Sll» Dlnip Bk. Bldg.
(ireenbcrg, J. R„ 319 Fiedcrkk A v.
Llersbman, Ral>l>l A. M. (for Bunday
Bcbool), 105e Brush
69
Digitized by
Google
454
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Michinn Ilershman, Rabbi A. M., 1056 Brush
^ riirsch, S.. 197 Theodore
Ilirschfleld, J., 27 Larned
Jacob, Ben. B., 104 Rowena
Jacob, Wm., 262 B. Perry A v.
Jacobson, Ben., 982 Brush
Kaplan, L., 251 Woodward Av.
Kaplan, Wolf, 210 E. Warren Av.
Kaafman, S., 290 Woodward Av.
Keidan, Harry, 598 Gratiot Ay.
Klein, A., 93 Eliot
Kopel, Dr. J. O., 203 Warren Av. B.
Kosltchek, I., 285 Warren Av. B.
Krolik, Mrs. Henry A., 95 Rowena
Langer, J., 211 Richton Av., High-
land Park
Levin, Rabbi J. h., 588 Brush
Levy, Wm. K., 136 Adelaide
London, J., 88 Sherman
Lieberman, M., 221 Gratiot Av.
Markow, H., 964 Hastings
Marymont, Jos., 1023 Brush
Meltzer, J., 160 Tennyson Av.
Mendelsohn, M. N., 240 E. Warren
Av.
Mltshkun, Dr. M. D., 576 Hastings
Morris, Sara,, 199 Napoleon
Oppenheim, Jacob, 1005 Brush
Parish, Jos., 1839 Dime Bk. Bldg.
Parnes, Louis, 92 Richmond Av.
Peritz, I., 100 Medbury
Pressman, Dr. J., 468 St. Antolne
Robinson, D., 181 Montcalm
Robinson, Louis, 399 Hastings
Rogroy, Abraham, 448 Antolne
Rosenberg, L. J., 810 Ford Bldg.
Rosenthal, J. P., 234 B. Montcalm
Rosenzwelg, S. D., 66 Conn. Av.
Rothman, B. M., 945 Cass Av.
Saplro, Abram, 142 Adelaide
Sarahson & Cohen, 399 Hastings
Sarahson, S., 309 Gratiot Av.
Schechter, Morris, 475 Hastings
Scheinman, I. L., 90 Rowena
Schwartz, Wm. M., 812 Hammond
Bldg.
Selik, Jos., 345 Theodore
Sellers, E. H., 704 Whitney Bldg.
Selling, B. B., 503 Hammond Bldg.
Shaffet, Conan, 326 Hastings
Shetzer, I.. 309 Gratiot Av.
Shnider, M., 269 B. Hancock Av.
Simon, A., 38 Alfred
Simon, Chas. C, 826 Majestic Bldg.
Simons, David W., 566 Erskine
Sivy, Jacob, 257 Gratiot Av.
Slakter, I., 262 La Salle Av.
Smilansky, H. H., 44 Campan Bldg.
Smilansky, L., 17 Garfield Av.
Smith, Chas. A., 529 Ford Bldg.
Snltz, M., 194 Prederlca
Soboleff, H. S., 297 Ferry, B.
Starr, M., 410 Hastings
Steinberg, Chas., 16 Monroe Av.
Utchenik, H., 92 Benton
Van Baalen, Clara, 118 Rowena
Wachman, Robt., 420 Putnam
Weinberg, C, Ferry & Antolne
Wienner, H. W., 509 Moffat Bldg.
Wilensky, D., 446% Hastings
Wolf, Ellas, 329 E. Warren
Zackheim, M. H., 151 Garfield Av.
Flint
Blumberg, H. M., 809 Raut
Lebster, L. S., 850 Garland
Wiener, BenJ. F^^ 301 S. Saginaw
Wilner, L., 214 S. Saginaw
Winegarden, H., 501 Thompson
Freeland
TouflP, Louis C.
Grand Rapids
Grombacher, Louis, 301 Crescent Av.
Hart, Jos. S., 261 College
Houseman, H. L., 326 Madison Av.
Pantllnd, J. Boyd, Morton House
Voorsanger, Elkan C, 260 Jefferson
Wegusen, A. S., 580 E. Falton
Wolf, G. A., 536 Paris Av., S. E.
Owinn
Weinstein, Mrs. H, N.
Hancock
Calumet Lodge, No. 502, I. O. B. B.,
A. Berlowitz, Sec.
Field, Hugo M.
Hawks
Buchhalter, Wm.
Horwitz, Harris
Houghton
Abel, I., 94 Shelden
Kremen, Boris
Pimstein, Hyman
Hubbell
Taplon, Mrs. Meyer
Inkster
Subar, O., Box 97
Jackson
Baum, B., 612 Francis
Captol^David C, c/o F. D. Aurand,
206 Wall
60
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
455
Moraflf, Henry, 211 W. Morrell
Perper, H.» 107 B. Cortland
Rabinovitch, Isaac, 257 E. Main
Tannenbaum, Reuben, 411 4th
Kalamazoo
Bernstein, Dr. E. J., 523 W. Main
Blumberg, A. L., 617 W. South
Desenberg, Mrs. B. L., 304 W. Lowell
Folz, Saml.
Lewis, Dr. Saml. J., 526 W. Cedar
Speyer, A., 117 W. Main
Velleman, Alex.
Lansing
Special Membeb
Gerson, J., 610 Washington Av., 'n.
Annual Membeb
Cohen, Alex., 300 Oakland Blk.
Manistique
Blumrosen, Moses
MarcellUB
Stern, S., & Co., North & Centre
Monroe
Seps, J. C, 61 Jerome
Muskegon
Rosen, Abe, 89 Peck
Nyancotte
Feldman, H., 176 2d
Pontiac
Ellin, S., 22 Railroad
Barnett, J.
Netzrog, B.
Rapaport, G. J., 10 N. Saginaw
Wolfe, M. E.. 43 Claremount PI.
Saginaw
Weinberg, A. B., 200 Perkins
Saulte Ste. Marie
Moses, D. K.
Michigan
Tale
Rosenthal. J. I.
Naf talin, E. K.
Barup
MINNESOTA
Elbow Lake
Noftalin, Harry
Minnesota
Delano
Picus, Wm.
Duluth
Altman, Jos., 531 W. 3d
Carol, v., 1016 E. 6th
Davidson, B., 519 W. Superior
Freimuth, I., 1306 E. 2d
Goldberg, Mrs. S., 1718 E. Superior
Gross, Dr. S., 131 W. Superior
Hammel, Louis, 1423 E. 3d
Hirschfleld, Dr. M. S., 409 New Jer-
sey Bldg.
Josephs, H. Y., 1124 E. Superior
Kaplin, A. B., Bachelor Apt., 320 W.
1st
Lefkovits, Rabbi M., 1919 E. 3d
Levin, S. I., 117 W. 3d
Meyers, Chas. P., 610 Al worth Bldg.
Oreckovsky, H., 531 E. 2d
Oreckovsky, J., 530 W. Superior
Orekovsky, Chas. D., 814 B. 1st
Selig, L. J., Spalding Hotel
Shapiro, Max P., 2420 E. 4th
Silberstein, B.. 9 W. Superior
Zalk, Louis, 300 E. Michigan
Zaik. M., 5 S. 12th Av., E.
Eveleth
Ellis. Saml., 107 Grant Av.
Goldberg Bros., 603 Jackson
Perlman, G. H., 612 Jones
Hibbing
Nides, M. D., 304 Garfield
International Falls
Rubin, S. M.
Kensington
Desnick, A. H.
Minneapolis
Abeles, A. M., 2115 Aldrich Av., S.
Abramson, H., 823 Fremont Av., N.
Adelsheim, E., c/o Jacobs Jewelry
Co.
Atlas Athletic Club, 711 6th Av., N.
Avin, Elijah, 1019 Knox Av., N.
Bearman, Mrs. A. S., 3439 Pleasant
Av.
Berman, Mrs. A., 711 Elwood Av., N.
Berman, D., 1326 Fremont Av., N.
Berman, E., 644 Elwood Av., N.
61
Digitized by
Google
456
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Minnesota Blumenkranz, Max, 236 Nicholas Ay.
Bookman, Mrs. J., 719 Emerson Ay.,
N.
Braunsteln, E. L., 403 Lyndale, N.
Brill, Esther, 823 16th Av., S.
Brin, Arthur, 610 N. 1st
Brochin, I., 701 6th Av., N.
Central Library, 10th & Hennepin
Av.
Cohen, Emflnupl. 313 Nicollet A v.
Cohen, Dr. N., 642 eth Av., N.
Conner, Mlchnel, 1120 Knox Av., N.
Dechter, Hessle, 7^8 E. 18tb
Diamond, A. M., 104 Henat^piD Av.
Dobrin, T. S, 1130 Irving A v.
Doekman, B.. 1406 5 th, N.
Dockman, ai, 211 Waah. Av,, N.
Dreyfus, Annn, The PJaz^i
Feigelmac, L., 626 Fremont Av., N.
Feinberg, Jennie, 127 lllgbland Av.
Felsenthal, JnMji I., 210.1 Larndale
Av.
Friedman, J., 1941 S. James Av.
Goldberg, Aaron, 122 N. 3d
Goldblum, D., c/o Bearman Fruit
Co.
Gordon, Dr. Geo. J., 1717 Portland
Av.
Gordon, N., 26 N. 5th
Green, Mrs. L., 1427 W. 27th
Grodnick, Louis, 13 S. 4th
Gross, Mrs. A. M., 627 B. 16th
Gross, Alex., 86 S. 10th
Gruenberg, J. H., 1952 Sheridan Av.,
S.
Gymal Doled Club, 11 Western Av.
Harpman, J., N. Y. Life Bldg.
Harris, A. M., 1025 Wash. Av., S. E.
Harris, J., 628 E. 16th
Harris, M. H., 823 15th Av., S.
Heilicher, M., 1408 5th. N.
Heller, Mrs. A. H., 2833 Irving Av.,
S.
Heller, Max, 1215 Knox Av., N.
Herzl Literary Soc'y, c/o Congr.
Adath Jeshurun
Hirschfleld, Dr. A., 1021 Wash. Av.,
N.
Isaacs, M. M., 620 7th Av., N.
Jeffrey, M., 615 E. 17th
Juster, A., 2019 Chicago Av.
Kanter, Alex., 1423 N. 4th
Kantrowitz, Mrs. J., 1925 Humboldt
Av., S.
Kaplan, M. J., 1106 Knox Av., N.
Kaufman, G. H., 1132 Lyndale Av.,
N.
Kiefer, Benj., 1016 Knox Av., N.
Krelner, I., 1122 Dupont Av., N.
Kronengold, M., 511 N. Aldrlch Av.
Kronick, M. J., 1213 Hennepin Av.
Labovitz, Ben, 83 Highland Av., N.
Lenske, E., 611 Tremont Av., N.
Leonard, G. B., 4541 Fremont Av.,
S.
Levitt, Chas. L., 1612 W. 25th
Levy, S. J., Loan & Trust Bldg.
Lifshitz, B., 619 Fremont Av.. N.
Lippman, H. S., 125 Wash. Av., S.
Llpschutz, M. K., 619 Fremont Av.,
Markus, Peter, 619 Aldrich. N.
Matt, Rabbi C. D., 1411 S. 9th
Minsky, Alfred, 427 Lynd Av., N.
Ranch, Harry, N. Y. Life Bldg.
Robitshek, Dr. E. C, 1913 Dupont
Av., S.
Saliterman, Sophie, 920 Fremont
Av., N.
Schanfeld, Jos., 729 E. 17th
Schapiro, P., 719 Humboldt Av., N.
Schulman, I., 520 6th Av.. N.
Schuster, Z., 717 Emerson Av.. N.
Shaare Toy Congr. Rel. School
Siegel, Abe, 215 S. 9th
Silberman, C, 1924 Elliot Av., 8.
Slobin, Dr. H. L., Univ. of Minn.
Weil, Ben. F., 2324 Labe PI.
Weil, Isaac, 1788 Fremont Av.. 8.
Weil, Jonas, 2105 Fremont Av.. S.
Weinberg, B. L., 428 20th Av.
Weisberg, B. M., 1134 James Av., N.
Weiskopf, H., 2440 Bryant Av., 8.
Weisman, Wm., 2501 Girard Av.
Wolpert, A, 1118 Knox A v., N.
Woolpy, J. H., 1817 Chicago Av.
Zieve, Rimal, 501 Penna. Av., N.
Ziskin, C, 116 Hennepin Av.
Ziskin, H., 3 Highland Av.
Ziskin, Dr. Thos., 3 Highland Av.
Moorhead
Wllk, Herman, 328 7th, S.
St. Paul
Special Membebs
Hirshman, B. M., 849 Laurel Av.
Shapira, A. I., 1456 Summer
Annual Membebs
Abramovich, J. H., 315 Cathedral PI.
Barron, Dr. Moses, 763 Holly Av.
Bechhoefer, Chas., 952 Summit Av.
Becker, Louis, 581 Grand Av.
Birnberg, Dr. A. M., 764 Dayton Av.
Blumenfeld, D.
Butwinick, Ilyman J., 234 E. 14th
Cherniss, A. B.. 70 Smith Av.
Druck, B., 2052 Summit Av.
Firestone, M. P., 1116 Ashland Av.
62
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
457
Prankel, H. D., 864 Holly Av.
Frankel, L. R., 936 Ashland Ay.
Ginzler, Rabbi A., 264 Kent
Goldberg, S. J., 1434 Lincoln Av.
Goldstein. C. A., 961 Ashland Av.
Grosby, S. L., 722 Aurora Av.
Hertz, A. J., St. Paul Hotel
Levy, A. B., 7th & Cedar
Litman, M. H., 650 Broadway
Loewinger, Gustavus, 1562 Hoyne
Orenstein, L. F., 798 Grand Av.
Public Library
Ravits, M., 811 Edmont
Reisman, S., 16 W. 6th
Rosen, I., Commercial Bldg.
Rothschild, L., 1185 Laurel Av.
Rubenstein, S., 1142 Portland
Schwartz, Louis B., 213 E. 11th
Shedorsky, L. R., 551 Capital Blvd.
Sherper, Dr. Mvron, 270 Kent
Wlnnick, Dr. J. B., 710 Laurel Av.
Virginia
Dubow, S. B., 212 Walnut
Hostin, Paul, 233 Pine
Lewis, Max. 612 S. Central Av.
Milavetz, Saml., 215 Chestnut
Shanedling, H., 317 Maple
Shanedling, M., 415 Maple
Minnesota
Cahn, J.
MISSISSIPPI
Biloxi Lehman, I., 671 S. State
Samson, Max, 202 W. Capital
Mississippi
BrooUutven
Cohn. A. A.
Lewinthal, Max, Box 236
Lexington
Rosenberg Bros.
Clarksdale
Jacobson, L.
Landau, Berthold
Rosenblum, Isidor, 233 Shacker
Columbus
Kaufman, I. I.
Krone, M.
Schwab, S. B.
Corinth
Rubel. Abe
MeridUn
Brill, Rabbi Abr.
Loeb, Alex.
Natchez
Gelsenberger, A. H., 916 Main
Geisenberger, Ben. C.
Gelsenberger, L. L., Oak & Linton
Av.
Goldberger, L
r^ub, David, 308 S. Union
Mite Soc'y of B'nai Israel Sab. Sch'l
Greenville
Goldstein. Nathan, 607 Main
Hafter, Chas., 210 S. ITenes
Harris, Chas. S., 210 S. Walnut
Ritemann, N. Louis, 500 Central Av.
Hattiesburg
Cohen, Zacheri. Box 58
Dreyfus, M., 606 Court
Vicksburg
Anshe Chesed Rel. School
Baer, Leon, c/o Brown & Baer
Feld, P. H., 1310 Main
Hirsch, J. K., 1406 Baum
Hirsh, J.
Kory, Rabbi S. L., 1318 Baum
Landau, M. D.
Marcus, S., 818 Monroe
Weil, R., Box 96
Jackson
Dreyfus, I., 644 S. State
Feibelman, A., 118 President
West Point
Rosenfeld, L. O.
Semmelman, Barney F.
63
Digitized by
Google
458
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
MiMouri
Missomu
BoonviUe
Jacobs Bros.
Zuzak, H. T.
Hannibal
Special Membebs
Aronson, L. M., 707 Broadway
I^andau Bros., 1112 Hill
Uepold, Mrs. Nathan, 313a N. 4th
Schlanger, J. M., 409 Broadway
Annual Membebs
Resnick, Paul, 308 N. Maine
Rosinsky, B.
Tobias, Rebecca, 1312 Bird
Weissman, Satnl. S., 126 N. Maine
Joplin
Leiser, Job., Cosgrove Bldg.
I City
LiBBARY Members
Benjamin, Alfred, 3618 Campbell
Lyons, Dan, 3426 Paseo
Special Members
Blender, Nathan W., 2901 Park
B'nal Jehuda Congr., Linwood Blvd.
& Flora Av.
Davidson, Julius, 3128 Paseo
Priedson, Edw., 1334 E. 34th
Gorman, S., 1901 E. 10th
Hansberg, Louis, 3022 Campbell
Harzfeld, J. A, 2417 Linwood Av.
Josephson, P., 1408 Paseo
Kander, P. V., 3119 Tracy A v.
r^vkin, R., 722 Virginia
Lehman, Wm., 4400 Campbell
Shure, M. N., 2800 Prospect
Travis, D. R., 2627 Troost Av.
Wolf, Dr. I. J., 3710 Tracy Av.
Annual Members
Appleman, A. M., 2850 Troost Av.
Belove, A. J., 2739 Park
Belove, Dr. B., 1417 Forest Av.
Berell, L., 2312 E. 12th
Berkovitz, S.
Berkowitz, W. J.. 3707 Charlotte
Bernstein, J., 2416 Forest Av.
Bloch, Dr. J., Argyle Bldg.
Bloch, Leon E.. 3938 Broadway
Block, Leon, 3018 Forest Av.
Block. S., 3200 E. Armour Blvd.
Blond, Dr. A., 715 Garfield Av.
Brenner, Max, 8045 E. 32d
Cahn, Albert S., 2303 E. 37th
Cohen, S. M., 2326 Frost Av.
Cohn, G. D., 3805 Campbell
Copland, A., 2202 Troost Av.
Eichenberg, M., 1008 E. 16th
Eisen, G. S., 3243 Walroud
Eisen, R., 2016 Linwcod Bldg.
Elstein, Dr. M. A, 918 Independence
Av.
Eppstein, S., 702-4 K. C. Life Bldg.
Peld, Louis, 1700 Olive
Priedberg, Harry. N. Y. Ufe Bldg.
Frtedman, D., 3213 Waldron Blvd.
Friedman, M. L.. 3705 Paseo
Friedman, N., 1630 Peru
Gardner, J., 2826 Prospect
Ginsberg, Dr. E. L., 2321 Brooklyn
Goldberg, M., 1731 Charlotte
Goldberg, Sol. A, 2315 Forest
Goodman, Dr. Saml., 1811 E. 35th
GriflC, Theo. W., 2941 Forest Av.
Huber, Benj., 1000 Admiral Blvd.
Ilyman, A., 3242 Paseo
Jacobs, Dr. Ben., 2919 Olive
Josephson, S., 2901 Troost A v.
Junior Synagogue, 24th & Troost Av.
Kamber, Louis, 719 Garfield Av.
Kaufman, Chas.
Kessel, Mrs. L., 2640 Victor
Lapin, M., 16 E. 6th
Lehman, Dr. A., 405 N. Denver Av.
Lehman, Anna C., 405 N. Denver Av.
I^vy, L., 1119 E. 41st
Loebenstein, Dr. S., 3944 Charlotte
Lorie, J. L., American Bk. Bldg.
Lorie, Percy S., 3609 Locust
Louis, A. I., 118 S. Kensington
Lyon, Mrs. Lee, 3518 Harrison Blvd.
Marcus, Isaac, 2703 Holmes
Marks, A. N., 3433 Independence A v.
Mayer, Rabbi U. H., 2600 E. 28th
Mehler, Louis A., Admiral Bldg.
Meyer, L., 3347 Harrison
Meyers, Morris, 1518 B. 12th
Minda, A. G.. 2704 E. 34th
Morris, M., 1301 Independence Av.
Nathan, R. D., 4339 Gilham Rd.
Newman, Frank L., 4008 Troost Av.
Phillips, Ben., 1529 Genessee
Public Library, 9th & Locust
Rabin, Zelig, 3519 Olive
Reefer, E. J., 20 W. 87th Ter.
Reefer, M. O^ 3221 Euclid Av.
Rieger, A., 4121 Warwick Blvd.
Rosenwald, Dr. L., 8229 Benton
Blvd.
Rothenberg, Clement, 2116 Jefferson
Hubenstein, H., 2923 Harrison
Rubin, Helman, Gumbel Bldg.
Rudnick, Harry, 552 Main
Sadovsky, J., 1104 E. 15th
64
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
459
Saffran, Saml., 4441 Harrison
Saifpon, H. B., 373fi Virj^nla Ar.
f?andlpr, Harry, ^^2 K. lytb
Scbuman, Isiador* T04 Lydia Av.
Schwa rtx, Harry, 3358 Highland A v.
Seli>fSE>Ucit FreC S.. 3S30 cnarlotie
Slilyan^ Solamon, 131F^ Garfleld
SholtK, Jos., 511 Independeace At.
Simoii, Morris^ tll5 Campbell
^teln, JacDb, 361T Cheatnnt
Stero, BlgmnQd, 3717 Harrison
Stevaos, Barney, 14 E* 6th
TroyansliVp SaraL, 244H Paaeo
Weinberg. I. J.* 2603 L^ck ridge
VVerblowaky, U, 29 ID Main
Wolfatjn^ \\\ S.» 3i>M Wain at
Touuij Maccabcan* The* c/o The Jew-
igb Ednc. Inst,
Eirkwood
Sakowskl, I. L., 114 N. Webster Av.
Rabin, R.
Leeds
Louisiana
Levy, Philip
Michael, Isadore, 118 S. 8th
Michael, Sam, 216 N. 3d
Maplewood
Kantrowitz, E., 7263 Manchester Av.
Pelter, J., 7310 Manchester Av.
Zcrman, L. A., Sulton & Manchester
Av.
Moberly
Bierman, Morris, 111 N. Williams
Brittan, N., 108 Johnson
Levy, Isidor, 200 N. Clark
Rothschild, Miss B., 217 Reed
Schucart, Max, 120 Reed
St. Charles
Polski, S. H., 221 W. Main
Stahlbehl, Isidore, 142 N. Main
Stahlbehl, .T. H., 316 Madison
Weil, E., 211 N. 3d
Winner, H., 411 W. Main
St. Joseph
LiBRABT Member
Joseph Lodge, No. 73, I. O. B. B.
Special Mbmbeb
Bliscu, Dr. Fredk., 2121 S. 17th
Newburger, B., 518 N. 6th
Annual Members Missouri
Bernstein, Rev. Dr. L., 2002 Mul-
berry
Hassenbusch. S., 514 N. 10th
Joffe, D., 2321 St. Joseph Av.
Kangiser, Dr. J., 628 S. 14th
Libermann, B. T., German Amer. Bk.
Bldg.
Rosenthal, J., 307 S. 6th
Silverman, Eugene, 1430 S. 25th
St. Louis
Patron
Stix, Charles A., Grand Leader
LiBBABT MEMBEBS
Altheimer, A. B., 207 N. Broadway
Ebn Ezra Lodge, No. 47, I. O. B. B.,
Henry H. Furth, Sec, Natl. Bk.
Bldg.
Lippman, J. M., 4360 Page Av.
Special Membebs
Ackerman, L., Clayton Rd.
Aloe, L. P., 4535 Maryland
Baron, Max G., 2907 Dickson
Cohen, L. J., 5127 Raymond
Cohen, N., 5129 Vernon Av.
Emanuel, E. R., 4327 W. Pirie
Golland, Dr. N., 380 N. Taylor
Greensfelder, B., 5175 Cabanne Av.
Hoflfman, Dr. P., 3657 Deimar Blvd.
Horwitz. Dr. A. B., 955 Maple PI.
Ittleson, Henry, Buckingham Hotel
Lippman, Dr. G., 4668 Berlin Av.
Littmann, M., 4904 McPherson Av.
Michael, B., 4383 Westminster PI.
Simon, Julian, Buckingham Annex
Stix, Wm., 4642 Lindell Blvd.
Annual Members
Abbey, Adolph, 319 Commercial
Bldg.
Aberson, Ch., 4235a Page
Alch, Dr. Geo. H.. 4546 Cook Av.
Altshuler, J., 2729 Stoddard
Appel, Nathan J., 4532 Baston Av.
Appelman, Mark, 3027 Dickson
Axelbaum, B., 2320 Carr
Barth, L V., 4232 Westminster
Bass, Simon S., Times Bldg.
Bernitz, Jos., 3125 Bell Av.
Bierman, I., 4587 Easton Av.
Bierman, Saml., 4717 Cook
Blass, Dr. Bernard, 1200 N. 8th
Blitzman, J., 5875 Baston Av.
Bloch, Theo., 4023 Lindell Blvd.
Block, Jos., 724 Roe Bldg.
Boehm, Dr. J. L., 3806 Deimar
66
Digitized by
Google
460
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Missouri Bowman, D. A., 4617 Westminster
PI.
Bqwmjin, S.. Tliird NatL Bk. Bldg.
Eqst^mmn, .T.. Tent Natt. Bk. Bldg.
Braudca, C, 1507 Franklin
Brandts, C. A.. 007 N. lltb
Brmudt, Ah» 4tilfJ Belro&r Blvd.
BregBtonf, U. IL, 5?130 Gnaou Av.
Chackea, l^, 4 352 a Papf Blvd.
Cbasnoff, Jacobp 615G Berlin
Coh&n, IL, 5026 Minervti Av.
Coben, R,. 211 N. Jelteraon Av.
rvlTOD. (tusfa^p, t^ T^nvh Pi.
D'eutsch, A., 1725 Franklin Av.
Dolin, Aaron, Chemical Bldg.
Dubinsky, Frank, 5941a Wells Av.
Edelman, liodis, 2948 Sheriden Av.
Elseman, D., c/o Rice Stlx Dry
Goods Co.
Ellman, Ben., 720 Franklin Av.
Engel, J., 6028 Maple Av.
Epstein, A., 4337 LacUde Av.
Evans, Shepard R., 4748 Cook Av.
Faier, Isadore, 1512 EVanklln Av.
Farb, A., 2936 Dickson
Flnkelsteln, Jacob, 1507 Franklin
Flnkelsteln, M., 4123 Manchester
Av,
Flschlowitz, F., 1372a Shawmut PI.
Flshman, Jacob, 4862 Cook Av.
Fleischman, Dr. J., 1026 N. 14th
Frank, M. I., Third Natl. Bk. Bldg.
Friedman, Jacob, 4751 Easton Av.
Friedman, Lester, 503 N. 12th
Frumberg, A. M., 6327 Westminster
PI.
Fuller, A., Stlx, Baer & Fuller Dry
Goods Co.
Furth, Jacob, 5243 Waterman Av.
Gallant, C. L., 4032 Castelman Av.
Gellman, L., 1301 Carr
Gillerman, G., 1944a Burd Av.
Ginsburg, Saml., 1813 Carr
Glaser, Mrs. Rala, 1508 Washington
Gllk, Edw., 5784 Berlin Av.
Glushak, Rabbi J., 3026 Bell Av.
Goldman, Wm. H., 4314 Page Blvd.
Goldsmith, Jos. B., 4438 West Belle
Goldstein, M. E.. 2825a Missouri Av.
Goodman, Abe, 3127 Bell Av.
Guntzler, Theo. L., 4 S. Main
Halpem, Hyman, 1125 N. 16th
Harrison, Rev. Dr. L., 5611 Cabanne
Heyman. L. I., Boatmen Bk. Bldg.
Husch, Dr. H., 5575 Waterman Av.
Jackman, P., 1327a Aubert Av.
Jewish Educational Alliance
Just, Arnold, 5263 Vernon
Kahn, Babette, 3906 Delmar Blvd.
Kalish, R., Boatmen Bk. Bldg.
Kessler, S., 5418 Cabanne Av.
Kopltsky, S. J., 4551 Easton Av.
Kristalka, A., 1420 Washington Av.
Langah, David, 3051 Glasgow PI.
Levi, A. L., 4223 Page Av.
Levinson, M. G., Railway Exch.
Bldg.
Levy, Dr. Aaron, Lester Bldg.
Lewln, Wm., 5226 Raymond Av.
Liebster, Michael, 915 N. 9th
Loeb, Dr. H. W., 537 N. Grand Av.
Loth, Mrs. R., 4167 Washington Av.
Lowenstein, Leopold, 4120 Morgan
Margulis, Dr. A. A., 1326 Shawnnt
Mayer, Emll, 5639 Waterman Av.
Mayer, Louis, Carleton Bldg.
Morltz, Dr. Gustave, 5037 Cabanne
Av. '
Nathan, Emll, 5037 Waterman Av.
Plan, S., 4651 Cook Av.
Plotnick, Mark, Liggett Bldg.
Pollock, Saml., 4216 Cook Av.
Portner, L. J.. 4356a Page Av.
Public Library, Olive, 13th & 14th
Rice, Jonathan, 3733 Pine
Rieger, A. J., 1519 Franklin
Rosenberg, Simon. 821 Lucas Av.
Rosenfeld, A., 5043 Cabanne Av.
Rosentreter, Rev. A., 5897 Wash.
Blvd.
Rothberg, H., 5709 Vernon Av.
Rothman, S., 2935 Dayton
Rovitsky, J., 5185 Vernon Av.
Rubin, Sol., 1231 Oakley PI.
Rudman, Saml., 1425 Blaln Av.
Sadler, Norman J., 4401 Delmar Av.
St. Louis Mercantile Library
Sale, Irvin, 3626 Lafayette Av.
Sale, M. N.. 5632 Cabanne Av.
Sale, Dr. S., 4621 Westminster PI.
Samuelson, Dr. A., 4066 Flora Blvd.
Schechter, Herman, 1726 BIddle
Schmidt, Herman, 4360a Page Blvd.
Schmuckler, I., 2951 Sheridan Av.
Schumltzky, A., 4144 Westminster
Schumitzky, L., 4144 Westminster
Shaare Emeth Congr., 3868 Lindell
Blvd.
Shank, A., 4466 Lacllde Av.
Shank, J., 4936 Fountain Av.
Shapero, L., 388 N. Euclid
Shapiro, Jacob, 2901 Gamble
Shapiro, Dr. M., 1502 Franklin
Shapiro, M., 11th & Franklin Av.
Sher, Louis B., 5948 Gates Av.
Shroder, S. W., 6077 Washington
Blvd.
Shurman, J., 6232 Von Vusen
Siegfried, H., 4550 Cook Av.
Siff, Chas. S., 3908 St. Louis Av.
Siflf, Mrs. L. R., 4313 Evans Av.
Siflf, S. I., 4126 Lee Av.
66
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
461
Simpkin, Hyman, 4398 Olive
Solkey, J. Sydney, 4944 Lindell Blvd.
Spector, Dr. I., 1815 Carr
Spetner, Abraham, 2818 Dickson
Spltzburg, L., 2714 Franklin Av.
Steinfeld, Mrs. M.. 4253 W. Pine
Blvd.
Sturm, I., 702 N. 7th
Thurman, Rabbi S., 5075 Cabanne
Av.
Treichlinger, D., Qranlte Bldg.
Tuholske, Dr. H., 4495 Westminster
PI.
United Hebrew Congr. Sunday Sch'l
Vetsburg, K. M., 4153 McPherson
Av.
Weiss, Max L., Globe Democrat Bldg.
Winner, S., 1248 S. Broadway
Wolf. Alex. S., Century Bldg.
Wolfner, Dr. H. L., Carleton Bldg.
Wyman, J., 4285 Olive Missouri
Yankelovitch, A., 1400 Washington
Yawitz, Ell B., 1317 Carr
Yawitz, F., 4115 Maryland Av.
Yawitz, H. L., 1426 Franklin Av.
Yawitz, Jos., 721 Goodfellow
Yawitz, Morris J., 5805 Bedin
Yawitz, Saml., 916 Whittier
Yoskolt, Harrv, 720 Garrison Av.
Y. M. H. A., E. Mayer, Treas., Pierce
Bldg.
Sedalia
Bertman, B., 711 W. 5th
Chasnoff, M., 408 Delwhine
Predkin, M., 213 W. Main
Warrensburg
Cohen, Mose
Nathan, A.
MONTANA
Butte Hobion
Myers, Ben. A., c/o Symonds Dry Poska, Dr. Abraham
Goods Co.
Montana
Oiborn
Cotien, Harry K.
Craig
Lewiston
Rosenberg, Abraham, Box 628
NEBRASKA
Nebraska
Cohen, S.
Grand Island
Wolbach, S. N.
Lincoln
Newmark, M. A., 1705 C
Pepperberg, Julius,- 815 O
Singer, Rabbi Jacob, 427 S. 15th
Omaha
Special Membeb
Levy, Morris, 15th & Farnam
Annual Members
Alperson, J., 2414 Chicago
Arkin. Morris, 611 N. 22d
Auerbach, Herman H., 725 S. 18th
Brodkey, David, 545 S. 2Bth Av.
Cohn, Rev. Freak., 1302 Park Av.
Elgutter, Chas. S., 3709 Jones
Kaplan, Saml., 3411 Burt
Katleman, Abe L., 1518 N. 19th
Katleman, Carl C^ 2522 Chicago
Krasne, H., 2901 Dodge
Ladies Auxiliary, Wip. McKinley
Lodge, L O. B. B.
Monsky, Henry, 2215 Webster
Neveloff, Simon, 2528 Blando
Omaha Public Library
Schoenwald, Harry, 520 S. 13th
Sher, Dr. Phillip, 2109 Webster
Simon, B. A., 922 Douglas
Simon, Edw., 2411 Spencer
Sugarman, Martin, 514 State Bk.
Bldg.
Temple Israel Sabbath School
Wolf, H. A., 514 Wausel
YaflCe, Nathan, 2627 Franklin
Zlev, Louis, 3226 California
NEVADA
Elko
Sax, P., The Toggery
67
Nevada
Digitized by
Google
462
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New
Hampshire
Concord
Cohn, A. I., 16 Union
Saidel, Leon, 13 Warren
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Nashua >
Blume, S., 35 Tolles
Shaber, Saml., 35 Factory
Manchester
Chase, E. M., 90 Harrison
Cohen, David, 258 Grove
Feldman, H., 91 Ash
Rich, Abraham S., 401 Manchester
Stutman, Israel, 243 Lake Av.
New Jersey
NEW
Arlingrton
Fine, Mrs. Jos., 122 Midland Av.
Goldsmith, D., 150 Midland Av.
Goldstein, Etta M., 544 Chestnut
Liss, Chas., 151 Midland Av.
Asbury Park
Klinghofler, H., 647 Cookman Av.
Atlantic City
Library Member
Rothschild, E. L., 178 States Av.
Special Members
Bria, Arnold De, 15 N. Virginia Av.
Krulewitch, Mrs. C, 2218 Atlantic
Av.
ANNUAL Members
Barbash, Dr. S., 1902 Pacific Av.
Beard, Louis, 226 N. Chelsea Av.
Bloom, Morris, 33 S. Florida Av.
Blum, Mrs. A., 46 N. Maryland Av.
Brown, Dr. Ben., 1511 Pacific Av.
Caplan, A. H., 203 S. Vermont Av.
Cassman, H., 1421 Atlantic Av.
Cohn, Abraham, 1715 Atlantic Av.
Finkelstein, M., 166 S. Virginia Av.
Fisher, Rabbi H., 109 Seaside Av.
Gerber, L., 820 Atlantic Av.
Goldich, M. S., 330 Pacific Av.
Gottlieb, I., 267 S. Congress Av.
Greenberg, J., Baltic & Virginia Avs.
Gross, D., Georgia & Arctic Avs.
Gross, H. A., 1427 Boardwalk
Grossmann, J., Grossmann's Hotel
Halpern, H., 1740 Atlantic Av.
Hanstein, Mrs. C. L., Royal Palace
Hotel
Heidelberger, C, 114 AUantic Av.
Hirsch, Aaron, 1605 Atlantic Av.
Jacoby, Reuben, 1324 Atlantic Av.
Jeitles, H. A., Box 284
Kline, Ignatz, Haverford Apts.
Lewis, Simon, 1101 Baltic Av.
Newmarket
London, M. H.
Portsmouth
Sussman, Harry, 459 Islington
JERSEY
Libes, N., 31 S. Bellevue Av.
Lichtenstein, J., 2500 Atlantic Av.
Loeb, Max, 121 Atlantic Av.
Morway, John, 524 N. Indiana Av.
Muhlrad, Wm., 140 S. Kentucky Av.
Nathans, Mrs. Horace A., 101 S.
Kingston Av.
Ost, Dr. M. R., Mass. & Atlantic Avs.
Perskie, J. B., 46 S. Elberon Av.
Poland, Dr. J., 1906 Pacific Av.
Press, J. B., 1826 Atlantic Av.
Roschovsky, Dr. J., 1836 Atlantic
Rubei, Mrs. E., 121 Atlantic Av.
Salasin, Dr. S. L., 2501 Pacific Av.
Shapiro, Jos., 635 Arctic Av.
Shultz, J., 710 Atlantic Av.
Stern, Abraham, 437 Atlantic Av.
Weinberg, Dr. B. C, 22 S. Illinois
Av.
Weinberg, Julius, 226 Pacific Av.
Weinberg, Saml., 2226 Pacific Av.
Welner, Dr. S. E., 30 N. Georgia At.
Welnsaft, Louis, 1013 Arctic Av.
Weintrob, Dr. M.. 2315 Atlantic Av.
Bayonne
Belenkoflf, S., 133 W. 30th
Berkowitz, Mrs. Rose, 1086a Av. C
Berman, Edw., 133 W. 30th
B6orstein, H., 11 W. 23d
Cohen, Isaac, 474 Av. C
Doyne, Wm., 66 W. 27th
Edelstein, Saml.. 620 Broadway
Frank, Dr. Morris, 16 W. 22d
Freedman, Jacob M., 438 Broadway
Goldwater, Dr. A., 346 Av. E
Goldweber, Jos. M., 26 B. 3lBt
Goldweber, W. M., 663% Boulevard
Kohn, Dr. Ben. H., 477 Broadway
Lazarus, Hyman, Times Bldg.
Levy, M.ax, 65 W. 29th
Llpshltz, Louis, 330 Broadway
Melniker, A. A., 84 W. 31st
Miller, Dr. Jacob, 45 W. 23d
Nalltt, Dr. D. I., 24 B. 22d
68
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
463
Nayer, Aaron, 666 Av. C
Newman, Lewis, 73 W. 26th
Rose, Julius A., 68 W. 30th
Sager, S., 20 Andrew
Seclow, Alex., 19 W. 26th
Shapiro, I.. 461 Av. C
Shapiro, Dr. M., 44 W. 23d
Shultz. Saml., 480 Av. C
Slomovltz, Philip, 438 Av. C
Sollnsky, Max L., 12 W. 33d
Tepper, Dr. Morris, 20 W. 22d
Warshawsky, J., 499 Broadway
Yaskin, Hyman, 666 Av. C
BelleviUe
Schwartz, W., 468 Washington Av.
Bloomfleld
Abramowlch, Abe, 301 Glenwood Av.
Hanser, Wm., 73 Berkley Av.
Olinger, Dr. N. A., 23 Glenwood Av.
Samuel, I., 186 Lewellyn Av.
Snyder, Morris
Bridgeton
Cohen, M.
Cohen, Dr. M. E., Garrison Bldg.
Gallner. S., 17 New
Garfield, Dr., 29 E. Commerce
Greenhouse, Dr. B. E., 46 Walnut
Horwitz, M. J.
Katz. M., 35 Pearl
Lipitz, M., 267 N. Laurel
Ostemock, Ruben
Rablnowitz, Rev. M. A., 75 S. Pearl
Rosenthal, D., 149 Walnut
Serata, Isaac, Broad & Water
Camden
Auerbach. P., 305 Kaighns A v.
Berman, M., 1105 Marion
Blank, Jacob Z., 1103 Broadway
Brown, W. D., 720 S. 5th
Codes. Louis, 1402 Princess Av.
Frisch, Miss F., 1458 Kenwood Av.
Fuhrman, Abe, 444 Broadway
Fuhrman, Nathan, 933 Broadway
Furer, Jacob L., 346 Kaighn A v.
Goldlch, M., 8th & Elm Av.
Gordon, Ellis, 793 Kaighn Av.
Heine, Israel, 1112 Baring
Jaffe, M. I., 934 Broadway
Jaspan, Miss G., 320 Point Av.
Klssileff, Isaac, 228 N. 39th
Lashman, Dr. Wm., 512 Broadway
Levin, B., 5th & Federal
LIchtensteIn, H. S., 1470 Princess
Av.
Mackler, Saml., 547 Liberty
Markowich, H. W., 420 Mechanic
Mendle, M., 429 Kaighns Av.
Natal, JBen., 1514 Baird Av.
Nurock, Mrs. E. H., 1318 Princess
Av.
Obus, Mark, 1132 S. 3d
Palltz, S. L., 514 Federal
Richelson, L. A.. 423 Kaighns Av.
Siris, Dr. I. S., 936 Broadway
Teitleman, H. H.. 1416 Haddon Av.
Wessel, Meyer, 309 S. 3d
Young Men*s Hebrew Assn., 940
Bway.
Yubas, L. R., 1208 Broadway
Carteret
Special Member
Levenson, Jacob
Glass, M.
Annual Members
Brown, Herman
Linsky, David
Rockman, Leo
Chrome
Goeber, Adam
Greenwald, Max
Jacoby, Dr. M.
Kahn, Bernard
Steinberg, Jacob
Wantock, Dr. Jos.
Weiss, I. M.
East Newark
Marder, Louis, 401 John
Neger, H., 434 John
East Orange
Back, A., 16 N. Arlington Av.
Burstine, J., 690 Main
Flsch, Harry, 79 Hamilton
Gussow, M. J., 32 Harrison
Mendelsohn, M. R., 167 Central Av.
Oppenheimer, M., 63 Parkway, S.
Rubin, C, 73 Evergreen PI.
Taflfet, M., 10 Main
Wiederhorn, J., 10 Washington
Elizabeth
Blum, Abe J., 529 Livingston
Boff, Jacob, 248 Fulton
Cohen, I., 835 Elizabeth Av.
Cohen, Philip, 1057 E
Coplan, Hyman N^ 237 2d
David, Abe, 580 Westfield Av.
Eisenbud, Boris, 455 Marshall
Feins wag, David S., 548 Jersey
Finkel, Julius, 231 Elizabeth A v.
Friedman, B., 105 1st
New Jersey
69
Digitized by
Google
464
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New Jersey Froomes, Dr. L. B., 608 Elizabeth
Av.
Gordon, Mary B., 209 South
Holtzman, Dr. L., 167 2d
Isaac's Sons & Co.. H., 873 E. Grand
Jacobson, Harry, 06 1st
Jacobson, S. M., 171 4th
Kessler, Harry, 200 3d
Koestler. S., 207 Broad
Leavit, N. R., 130 Broad
Lifson, A., 1110 Anna
Miron, Jos., 414 Elizabeth Av.
Piper, Henry, 400 Pine
Reibel, Wm. B., 951a Elizabeth Av.
Rosenberg, M., 43 Orchard
Rosenfeldf, S., 284 Morris Av.
SchalTer, H., 148 5th
Schoenlcopf, S., 321 South
Schwed, L. H« 208 Broad
Seiler, Isaac W., 315 Bond
Shapiro. M. L., 857 E. Jersey
Siegel, I., 44 Washington Av.
Stamler, Jno. J.. 207 Broad
Stein, Bruno, 346 B. Jersey
Traubman, Chas., 507% Fulton
Traubman, Jacob, 294 warren Av.
Weintraub, Max, 290 Morris
Winer. D., 134 3d
Witkowsky, L.. 239 Fulton
Wolff, David, 151 Franklin
Yadwin, Louis E., 125 Sayre
Elmoria
Heilbrune, D., 457 Colonial Rd.
Engrlewood
Jolles, Edw., 45 Uberty Rd.
Levinsohn, Jos., 15 Tenafly Rd.
Far HiUi
Tansky, Edw.
Olouceiter
Green, Morris, 106 N. King
Markowitz, Julius
Hackeniack
Miller, Mrs. A., 152 Main
Plager, Oscar, 193 Moore
Harrison
Aronson, J., 306 Harrison Av.
Bierman, Geo., 107 Harrison Av.
Bliwise, J., 416 N. 4th
Davinns, H., 236 Harrison Av.
Friedman, S., 28 Searing Av.
Goldstein, Moe, 238 Harrison Av.
Gordon, Dr. J. M., 202 Harrison
Jacob, Max J., 224 Cleveland Av.
Newman, Ben., 310 Cleveland Av.
Rosenzweig, A. L., 238 Harrison
Rosenzweig, E. N., 212 Cross
Stein, Jacob, 501 N. 4th
Hoboken
Brand, Isidore H., 84 Washington
Goldman. N. M., 71 Washington
Rossinoli, Dr. H., 1140 Garden
Schiller, A. S., 609 Bloomfleld
Jersey City
Berman, Harold, 67 Bostwlck Av.
Bitterman, Rev. Dr. J. I., 738 New-
ark Av.
Blatt, M., 58 Bidwell Av.
Blumberg, Max, 712 Newark Av.
Cohen, Dr. David, 170 4th
Cohen. H. S., 542-44 Palisade Av.
Goldstein, A. J., 47 Duncan Av.
Goodman, Edw.. 457 Grove
Goodman, Henry J., 37 Lincoln
Gorlln, S., 105 Orient Av.
Gross, E., 895 Henderson
Hershensteln, Chas., 232 Union
Jacobson, Abram D., 740 Ocean Av.
James, P. H., 27 Brunswick
Joseph, I., 294 Central Av.
Last, M., 898 Bergen Av.
Lebow, Dr. A., 341 Montgomery
Liberman, M. W., 183 Wegman PI.
Mendelsohn, Dr. L., 120 Mercer
Miller, Dr. I. S., 103 Mercer
Miller, L. A.. 237 7th
Bobbins, Dr. H. B., 317 Varick
Rosenstein, Dr. J. L., 135 Wayne
Schwartz, B.. 212 Washington
Shacter, I. M., 54 Newark A v.
Shank, Dr. L. H., 56 Newark Av.
Singer, B., 326 Montgomery
Singer, C, 326 Montgomery
Singer, J. S., 326 Montgomery
Singer, Jacob J., 212 Warren
Singer, M., 142 Bostwick Av.
Victorsohn, M.. 197 3d
Vogel, Moe, 282 Jackson Av.
Weisburg, Dr. D., 453 Jersey Av.
Yachnin, Ben., 187 Monticello Av.
Kearny
Rosenbaum, Sam]., 7 Kearny Av.
Stern. Max B., 115 Johnston A v.
Lakewood
.Jacobs, N., Lillian Court
Merchantville
Hoffman, Adolph
Wax, Morris, 13 W. Irving Av.
70
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
465
Metuohen
Gross, Dr. Herman
Kuntz, Dr. Louis F., 338 State
Loomar, N.
Schwartz, Saml.
MlUviUe
Ackerman, Bernard
Davidow, Isaac
Freedman, B., 136 B. Main
Nathan, Louis, 504 High
Scoble, Walter B., 323 Vine
Seitzlcl£, A., 416 High
Shelter, Harry, 318 E. Main
Montclair
Berlow, B., 568 Bloomfleld Av.
Caro, D. M., 41 Forest
Glaser, J.
Greenberg, H., 136 Claremont Av.
Harris, H., 1 Upper Mountains Av.
Harris, Jacob, »0 Church
Moorestown
Joseph, M., 81 E. Main
Morristown
Buechler, H., 20 Speedwell Av.
Goldstein, Louis, 1 King
Holland, A. H., 4 Belleview Ter.
Levien, J. M., 40 Speedwell Av.
Mount Holly
Krupnick, H. M., 40 Main
New Brunswick
FIschler, M., 25 Kirkpatrick
Llpman, J., Experiment Station
Marks, R., 52 Remsen Av.
Newark
LiBRABY MeMBEB
Bamberger, Louis, 147 Market
Special Membebs
Berla, Amzi, 213 Plane
Kussy, Myer, 30 Malm PI.
Schlesinger, Louis, Essex Bldg.
Annual Members
Abeles, Milton, 84 Ridgewood Av.
Abelson, J. J., 64 Monmouth
Abrahams, Heiman, 392 Broad
Adelman, M., 726 S. 14th
Armin, David, 102 Avon Av.
Aronson, B., 1280 Oakwood Av.
Aronson, Louis V., 86 Clinton Av.
Bachrach, A., Ofi 8. Sth New Jersey
Bamliflrger, M., 43 Ingra&ara PL
Enrnharit. B. L., 358 SprlagQeld Av.
EeoDes, Louis, 325 Washlnffton
BerkowltK, A, 097 ^nrlniffield Av,
Herkowltz, O., lEi4 Howiird
Blau, Edw., 504 CMuton
Blum, L. L.p 110 HftJeoj-
BrauD, SiegfrlGfl, T45 S. 14tb
Bi"0(!E^r, Ben., Bcrf^^en & Waverly
Bromberp, S., 301 Siulngfield Av.
Browda, Saml., 521 Ben^en
Buechler. Irvitig, 30 Cllhton
liurBteln. ,f,. 95 Leslie
Chaim, Morria. IW S. 11th
Cop, Waltfjr 1^.. 75 Lincoln Pk.
Cohen, Mrs. B. R. C, 153 Plalrmount
Av.
Cohen, Jacob L., 533 Hunterdon
Cohen, S., Springfield & Broome
Cohn, Jos. E., 36 Mercer
Cohn, Saul, 59 Hillside PI.
Constam, Jacob, Essex Bldg.
Crosken, Henry L., Essex Bldg.
Danufsky, Meyer, 262 S, 7th
Danzes, M., 89 S. Orange Av.
Danzis, J., 526 Hunterdon
Danzis, Dr. M„ 46 Mercer
Deutsch, Leo, 69 Prince
Deutsch, Philip, 53 Hillside PI.
Drucker, A. Lewis, 22 Gladstone Av.
Echlkson, E., 142 Orchard
El in. Dr. Jos., 20 Farley Av.
Ellenstein, Dr. M. C, 1 Sterling
Epstein, Chas., 85 Avon Av.
Erlich, Nathan, 84 Columbia Av.
Fast, Louis A., 11 Monmouth
Federman, Dr. P. H., 220 Fairmount
Av.
Feigenbaum, Edw., 43 Chad wick Av.
Feld, A., 523 S. Orange Av.
Feldberg, M. A., 122 Waverly Av.
Fine, Dr. M. J., 145 S. Orange Av.
Fischel, Jacob, 129 Littleton Av.
Fischler, M., 25 Kirkpatrick
Flasser, B., 216 Springfield Av.
Fleischman, Dr. M., 252 Springfield
Av.
Fleischman, Dr. S., 297 S. Orange
Av.
Foster, Rev. S., 90 Treacy Av.
Frussel, H. A.. 746 S. 10th
Furst, Geo., 39 Belmont Av.
Gallop, Mathew, 28 Farley Av.
Garfinkel, Emile, 166 Johnson Av.
Garflnkel, Harry, 118 Spruce
Gittleman, Alter, 187 Johnson Av.
Glaser, Dr. Emil, 493 High
Glazer, Erwin, 419 Belmont
Glickin, Isadore, 170 Prince
Glueckfield, Ben. I., 790 Broad
71
Digitized by
Google
466
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New Jenej Gold, Jos., 449 Clinton Av.
Goldman, M., 68 Waverly Av.
Greenbersr. M. G.. 229 Waverly Av.
Greenfield, Wm., 800 Broad
Gross, Louis, 319 W. Kinney
Gross, Rudolph, 123 Johnson Av.
Grotta. Mrs. T., 28 Seymour Av.
Hahn, Henry, 63 Avon PI.
Hailpern, Dr. C. J., Springfield &
Belmont Av.
Handler, Paul, 194 Springfield Av.
Handler, Wm., 846 Clinton Av.
Hannoch, Herbert J., Essex Bldg.
Held, Jos., 639 Hieh
Herzberg, M. J., 20 Rldgewood Av.
Hoffman, Borrls, 12 Mercer
Hoffman, Rev. C. I., 45 Elizabeth Av.
Hoffman, Walter A., 235 W. Kinney
Holsteln, Jacob, 2 W. Park
norland, Jacob, 60 Harward
Horowitz, I., 529 S. Orange Av.
Horwitz, Simon, 179 Prince
Huberman, Dr. Jno., 141 W. Kinney
Jacobson, Jos., 110 Avon Av.
Jay, Jacob, 660 Monmouth
Jay, Leopold, 681 High
Jedel, J., 204 Hunterdon
Jedel, M., 262 S. 6th
Jedel. Dr. M., 125 4th
Jedell, Helen, 23 Murray
Julian, I., 7 Franklin
Kalisch, Abner, 164 Market
Kamenetzky, Dr. M., 397 Springfield
Av.
Kanengieser, Sigmund, 88 Newton
Kanter, Ellas A., 46 Prince
Kaplan, Dr. Ben., 771 Bergen
Kapner, Chas., 183 Hillside Av.
Karalusisky, Rev. B., 64 Morton
Karrakis, J., 207 Springfield Av.
Katchen, W., 199 Norfolk
Katz, Saml., 186 Johnson Av.
Kessler, Dr. H. B.. 14 % Norfolk
King, Nathaniel, 348 Clinton Av.
Klausner, Saml., 266 16th Av.
Klein, Adolph, 158 William
Klein, Dr. Maurice I., 127 Wickllffe
Klein, Moses, 8 N. 11th
Knoller, Henry, 63 New
Koffler, Jacob, 184 Avon Av.
Kohn, Mrs. Clara, 48 S. 7th
Kohn, Leon A., 294 Springfield Av.
Kohn, Richard, 181 Hunterdon
Konwiser, A. L., 186 Hillside A v.
Konwiser, Louis, 123 Hamburg PI.
Kossowsky, J., 122 Springfield Av.
Kraemer, Jos., 366 Hunterdon
Kraemer, Leopold, 9 Baldwin Av.
Kraemer, Meyer, 52 Blum
Krasner, A., 271 Hunterdon
Krimke, Philip, 695 High
Krueger, M., 184 S. Orange Av.
Kupperman, Dr. I.. 49 Hillside Pi.
Kurtz, Jacob, 209 Bruce
Kurtz, Morris, 124 Fairmount Av.
Kussy, Herman, 294 Springfield Av.
Kussy, Nathan, 790 Broad
Larkey, Barney, 11 Sidney PI.
Lavigne, Saml., 461 Hunterdon
Leavitt, Dr. N. C, 180 Spruce
Leber, Saml. F., 800 Broad
Leopold, S., 147 Bloomfleld Av.
Lerman, Harry, 638 Market
Lesnick, David, 68 Nelson PI.
Levias, Caspar, 167 Chadwlck Av.
Levy, A., 719 &. 11th
Levy, Chas., 218 S. 7th
Levy, Louis, 66 Morton
Lewin, Wm., 107 Littleton Av.
Lewitt, Max, 416 Bank
Uebovitz, m!., 68 Stratford PI.
Lipis, M. L.. 83 Court
Littman, D., 128 Market
Lowenstein, E., 21 Hedden Ter.
Lowenstein, Isaac, 12 Baldwin Av.
Lubetkln, Jacob, 106 Spruce
Luxner, David, 173 Peshine Av.
McClosky, E. L. M., 34 Wallace
Makowsky, M., 50 Hillside PI.
Mandel. F. E., 1 Hillside Av.
Margulles, J. H., 38 Monmouth
Marx, Herman, 284 S. 11th
Marx, Max, 99 Shanley Av.
Marx, Meier, 49 Avon PI.
Matz, Dr. Boris, 41 Broome
Mayer, Ben., 167 13th Av.
Mendel, Frieda, 372 High
Mendelsohn, Jacob, 88 Stratford PI.
Mendelson, M., 150 Prince
Merkes, C. E., 130 Johnson Av.
Meyer, Dr. M. A., 640 Springfield A v.
Miller, Ben. Wm.. 15 Somerset
Miller, Isidore, 631 Clinton Av.
Mindes, Selick, 114 Johnson A v.
Neiss, David, 147 Washington
New, L., 66 Burnett
Newman, Jacob h., 343 Clifton Av.
Nisenson, Amos. O., 189 Spruce
Nuremberg, A. E^ 290 Bank
Oheb Shalom Hebrew School, 45
Elizabeth A v.
Olshln, Meyer D., 114 Congress
Parsonnet, Dr. Aaron, 93 Avon Av.
Parsonnet, Dr. V., 134 W. Kinney
Penn, H. M., 70 Williams
Plalne, Nathan, 17 Speedway Av.
Plant Memorial School, 225 Prince
Polevski, Dr. J., 44 West
Poliakow, Aaron, 182 Broome
Pollock, Jos., 356 Hunterdon
Puder, A. H., 211 Peshine Av.
Queen, Dr. H. H., 178 Spruce
72
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
467
Rabinowitz, J., 185 Hillside Av.
Rabinowitz, S., 199 Norfolk
Rachlin, Abe H., 76 Shanley Av.
Rachlin, H., 116 Littleton
Radin, Dr. H. R., 158 Bergen
Rashkes, Meyer, 81 13 th A v.
Reich, Aaron, 300 W. Kinney
Reich, Dr. J., 130 Court
Rich, Wm. S., 201 Springfield Av.
Roessler, Saml., 11 Clinton
Rosensohn, H., 800 Broad
Rosenthal, Leon, 103 Prince
Rubach, M. E., 800 Broadway
Rubens, Rev. C. C, 534 Clinton Av.
Rudominer, M., 77 Stratford PI.
Rutkin, B., 15 Gladstone Av.
Saben, S.. 188 Bailey
Scheck, Morris, 1059 S. Grove
Schloss, Saul, 639 High
Schoen, J. L, 21 S. Orange A v.
Schotland, P. J., 9 Clinton
Schutzman, L., 56 Bergen
Schutzman, M. J., 173 Spruce
Schwartz, M., 571 Springfield Av.
Schwartz, S., 30 Osborn Terrace
Schwarz, Dr. E., 561 High
Schwerin, Silas, 17 Baldwin Av.
Segall, Dr. S. Z., 358 Springfield Av.
Seidman, Dr. M., 580 High
Shack, Dr. D. N., 194 Spruce
Sichel, Moses, 354 S. 11th
Siegler, Jos., 34 Wallace
Silberfeld, Rev. J., 148 Hunterdon
Silberstein, Frances, 39 Winans Av.
Sllodor, C, 133 Somerset
SImelson, Jacob, 66 West
Simon, Bernard, 170 Bank
Singer, Abraham, 370 Central Av.
Singer, Louis, 587 High
Singer, Saml., 77 Ferry
Solomon, J. L., 273 Belmont Av.
Spies, P., 176 Springfield Av.
Stahl, .Jos. C, 639 S. Belmont Av.
Stalford, Wm., 126 Newton
Stein, Dr. H., Harrison & Springfield
Av.
Stein, Leo, 210 S. 7th
Steinberg, J., 229 Belmont Av.
Steiner, Herman, 25 Treacy Av.
Steinsitz, Peter, 790 Broad
Stern, Carrie S., 1085 Broad
Straussberg, Marcus, 565 High
Susskind, Isaac, 70 Howard
Teltelbaum, H., 84 Belmont Av.
Tepper, M. M., 200 Fairmount Av.
Tepperman, Adolph, 9 Sussex Av.
Tiger, Sigmund, 26 Prospect PI.
Unger, Harry, 267 Orange
TTnger, Saml., 114 Pacific
Van Pozank, S., 42 Orange Av.
Vogel, Wm. F., 527 S. Orange Av.
Warshawsky, C, 164 Johnson Av. New Jersey
Warshawsky, B., 16 Farbey Av.
Warshawsky, D., 105 Ridgewood Av.
Warshawsky, B., 121 Hillside Av.
Wechsler, Max, 25 Ellis Av.
Wegman, Dr. Max, 332 Lafayette
Weinberg, A. 6., 31 Harrison Av.
Weinberg, B., 20 Mt Prospect PI.
Weiss, A., 380 Warren
Weiss, Dr. L, 544 Springfield A v.
Weissman, David, 486 S. 13th
WelitofiP, N., 222 Washington
Wertheim, Harry. 237 N. 11th
Woolf, Barney, 302 Bergen
Wotiz, Louis, 184 Clinton Av.
Zoller, L B., 229 Court
Zucker, Emil, 224 Halsey
Norma
Goldman, Meyer
Orange
Berlow, Leo, 225 Park Av.
Bloch, B., 18 Webster PI.
Einson, L W.
Engel, Isidor, 70 Essex Av.
Friedlander Bros., 59 Hickory
Ha^erman, S., 146 Main
Harris, Dr. H. B., 397 Cleveland
Hurwitz, H., 59 Parrow
Jacobs, J. J., 255 Central Av.
Krupnitsky, I., 493 Main
Prinsky, Dr. Jno., 116 Henry
Shareshevsky, M., 18 Webster PI.
Spingarn, H. R., 33 Essex Av.
Vogel, Wm., 91 Day
Passaio
Albert, Herman, 85 2d
Furman, Edw. I., 261 Lexington Av.
Furman, Leo S., 182 Summer
Gilbert, Max M., 49 Bond
Ginsburg, A., 284 Harrison
Ginsburg, F., 284 Harrison
Goldberg, A., 70 2d
Jaffe, John, 170 Passaic
Korshet, Dr. M., 186 Columbia Av.
Weinberger, H. H., 222 Gregory Av.
Wolf, Meyer, 110 High
Paterson
Adelman, Sidney, 61 Park Av.
Atkins, Ralphie, 103 Governor
Atkins, Ralph, 400 Main
Barnert, N., 258 Broadway
Basch, Isaac, 430 Van Hontey
Baum, Michael T., 468 Main
Bearson, Sy 119 Water
Benjamin, Isaac, 31 Main
73
Digitized by
Google
468
AMERICAN JEWISH TEAR BOOK
New Jenej Bllder, D. II., 220 Hamliton At,
Blui'sti^fo, A. U 123S PmtefBOD
rirMi, tir. M,. 124 Watir
Cosan, Dr, Henry, Si Bridgie
Coh«d, A. a, m^ E. 25tls
C&hPD, Jncob, 15 CJfiiton
CotiQ, [>ii7ld, 22© Broiidwoy
CoJlier. A., m V^rk At.
Dorrman, S. B., 5*^ ErLdee
RiklBteln, A, 424 Van uouteD
Fflblan. Jacobp 200 ^faia
FrledJander, S., 27G Broadway
Goid, Max., ^2 Fdnce
IMACR, Dr. A. B., 447 EHIeon
Js>tlBon. Dr, M. S.t 132 TatersoQ
Kanlor, B.^ M Fair
KasseK Jos. I.. 25 IBth A¥.
KaU, Mrs. 1'.. 419 Broadway
KltJly. Ben., 74 1 2th Av.
Kitav, I. .h. :nr) Mntn
kit^V. Mrs. S. R. i;, .\. MsLia
Kitay, Saml., 144 Governor
Klelnf eld. Rabbi Alex. S.
Klenert, Hon. A., 124 Hamilton Ay.
Knilan. Jos., 577 B. 39th
Kartz, Morris, 30 Market
KuBhner, Jacob, 19 Lane
Levin, Morris P., 267 Main
Levine, I. H., 335 Ellison
Levlne, Meyer, 20 Jefferson
Levy, Arnold, 103 Strelght
rx>wenthal, B., 222 Hamilton Av.
Mendelsohn, Dr. H. D., 119 Bway.
Mikola, Wm. J., 214 Main
Pansy, Jos., 123 Governor
Piatt, Jos.
Progress Clab, 52 Church
Raff, Kassel, 238 Main
Raffman, Dr. A., 39 Main
Rosenberg, Louis, 45 Broadway
Rubin, Wm., 101 Hamilton Av.
Schoen, H. L, 277 Fair
Simon, I., 470 Boulevard
Slater, A. H., 176 E. 32d
Smith, David G., 293 17th Av.
Smith, Harry C, 160 Water
Spitz, Louis, 720 E. 25th
Stamm, Max, 69 12th
Stein, Henry, 51 Fair
Stein, Louis, 175 Graham A v.
Storick, A., 44 Bridge
Stove, Louis, 111 Governor
Weingaertner, M., 27 Carroll
Perth Amboy
Belikove, S.. 452 State
Dobbs, David, 86 Jefferson
Fishkoff, Harry, 350 State
Goldberger, Leo, 142 Gordon
Goldborger, M. S., 739 State
Coldlferger, Max, :i3S St»te
Guldbtrfger, Morria 1^. 4,'?2 State
(TOiamflD, Maip i:t2 Market
Jos^l£on» J. B„ 1^0 ^uitdi
Klein, Jofl. L., 48 ^tolth
Kottler, Mrs. H^ 232 State
MetxaQdorf. A. N.
PavIOTSlsy. ljrm\% 310 State
Schwarti, J.. 448 State
Scott. Mai, 120 Stale
SLaktsd, Abraham, 310 State
Slobod1>:^n, Jos,. 212 fU^tor
gosln. r^ Y,, 375 State
Wartxel* Max^ 142 Gordon
Plainfleld
Abrams, J., 12 Grove
Bernstein. Max, 245 W. Front
Cashdan, Isidor, 623 Sachar
Hirsch, E., 411 Watching Av.
Kunzman, I., 113 E. Front
Morell, M., 245 W. Front
Nadler, E. N., 313 Liberty
Newcorn, Wm., 204 W. Front
Penn, H. W., 131 E. 5th
Rosenbaum, H., 410 Madison Av.
Rosenthal, 8. M., 1227 Denmark Rd.
Rubin, 8. S., 230 Grant Av.
Schioss, Wm., 38 Westervelt Av.
Tepper, Adolph, 669 W. 7th
Yood, Dr. R., 401 Grant Av.
Zeisel, Leo, 222 W. Front
Bed Bank
Eisner, Sigmund
Kridel, Mrs. J.
Salz, Jos.
Bntherford
Dressier, J. S., 64 Pk. Av.
Jacobs. P. M„ 36 Pk. Av.
Kramer, E. J.
Weinstock, Leon, 72 Pk. Av.
Zimmerman, Julius, 28 Pk. Av.
Sayerville
Greenfield, Adolf
Somerville
Balinsky, H., 72 West End Av.
Cohen, Thos.
Falk, S., 49 Hamilton
Moldin, B., Cliff St
Moscovitz, M., 167 W. Main
Schwed, Chas., 199 High
Werblin, Irving I.
South Amboy
Goldberg, Wm. W., 164 Broadway
Kinstlinger, Saml.
74
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
469
Natchin, Nathan, 156 Broadway
Ueiner, J.
South Orange
Beck, Charles I.
Fold, Felix, 802 Centre
Rapaport, A., 55 S. Orange Ay.
South Biver
Davldoyitz, S., Ferry St
Trenton
Anderson, J., 285 Bellevue A v.
Barker, J., Water & Decatur
Bischusky, A., 214 S. Broad
Fishberg, Yetta, 108 S. Warren
Garb, I., 326 N. Broad
Green, Hyman, 221 N. Broad
Jacobs, Rev. Dr. H. K., 560 E. State
Koplin, Dr. N. H., 507 S. Warren
Millner, Henry, 66 Union
Rosenblatt, Mrs. A. M., 523 S.
Warren
Union Hill
Cohen, Louis, 18 Palisade Ay.
Davidowitz, Rabbi H. S., 320 Frank-
lin
Moskowitz, J., 220 Bergenlin Ay.
Silyer, Louis, 514 Van Vorst PI.
Steinberg, S., 147 Bergenllne Ay.
Steinberg, T., 246 Bergenllne Ay.
Weltz, F. & B., 4578 Hudson Blyd.
Upper Xontclair
Feder, J., 47 Edgemont Rd.
Pridz, M., 150 Gordonhurst Ay.
Spier, A. R., Ill Edgemont Rd.
Vineland
Bloom, Louis
Cohen, Hyman, 527 Landis Ay.
Gordon, J.
Greenwood, Dr. N. S., 614 Wood
Joseph, J. H., 242 Elmer
Joseph, John, 723 Park Av.
Krayetz, M., Chestnut Ay., R. D. 4
Krich & Sons, F. New Jersey
Leylne, J. J., 217 Montrose
Llpitz, Charles, 517 Elmer
Mennies, Frank, 8th & Wood
Morvay, V. W.
Niggen, A. M., 239 Landis Ay.
Shanefield, J., 608 Landis Ay.
Teltelman, E., 716 Wood
Traman, Wm.
Weehawken
Hershberg, J., 135 Shippen
West Hoboken
Engel, S. B., 229 Summit Ay.
Epstein, Mrs. L., 519 Paterson Ay.
Erschmann, Morris, 414 Spring
Friedenberg, C. A., 436 Clinton Ay.
Kramer, Louis, 492 Spring
Older, Dr. Ben., 520 Clinton Ay.
Perils, Wm., Hudson Tr. Bldg.
Smarak, Joe, 724 Elm
Smith, Ira, 716 Dubois
Ureyitz, Dr. A., 446 Clinton Ay.
Weiss, Jacob, 475 Clinton Ay.
West Orange
Finkelsteln, L., 254 Valley Rd.
Hausman, Dr. E., 12 Valley Rd.
Katzman, Mrs. A., 10 Spruce
Milstein, J., 9 E^eeman
Schechtman, A. B., 14 Valley Rd.
Weunmann, Dr. M. H., 504 Valley
Rd.
Woodbine
Abramson, Wm.
Angus, David A.
Bayard, M. L.
Botwinick Bros.
Danenhlrsh, Leo M.
Eisenberg, W.
Haas, Rabbi Louis Jacob
Horwitz, John Louis
Ijevln, Jacob S. ,
Tcherneshofsky, Ben. C.
Zuchoyltz, A.
NEW MEXICO
Albaauerque
Bergman, Rabbi M., 114 S. 7th
Dreyfuss, Julius, 113 N. 1st
Fleischer, A., Ill S. 4th
Flournoy, Mrs. M. W., 100 S. Arno
Greensfeld, I., 1009 Tigeras Ay.
Ilfeld, L., 701 W. Cooper
Ilfeld, Noa, Box 564
Kahn, Siegfried, 109 N. 1st
Mandell, Julius, 315 W. 12th
Mandell, M.
Meyers, Ernest
Nordhaus, M., 624 W. Copper
Rosenwald, D. S., 716 W. Cooper
Rosenwald, S. U., 923 Tigeras Rd.
Schweizer, H.
New Mexico
75
Digitized by
Google
470
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New Mexico East Las Vegras
Greenclay, Chas., 1018 7th
Heb. Ladies' Benevolent Soc'y, c/o J.
Stern, 1027 8th
Ilfeld, Chas.
Rosenwald, Cicilio, 1054 7th
Stern, Dan, 1118 8th
Stern, Jacob, 1027 8th
Taichart, J., 1101 National
Winternitz, David
Las Vegas
Appel, Isaac, 1011 8th
Bacharach, Mrs. Simon
Davis, Isaac
Roswell
Jaflfa, Nathan
New York NEW
Albany
Life Member
Rosendale, Hon. S. W., 57 State
Library Member
Kantrowitz, M., 692 Madison Av.
Annual Members
Barnet, Willis G., 921 Pine Av.
Bellin. Dr. Morris, 72 Westerlo
Beth Emeth Sunday School library
Blair, Dr. L. E., 145 S. Lake Av.
Blatner, Dr. J. H., 1040 Maiden
Lane Av.
Bloom, D., 635 State
Bookhelm, L. W., 133 S. Lake Av.
Bookstein, Dr. H. L., 504 Morris
Bookstein, I., 504 Morris
Boschever, S., 317 S. Pearl
Brenner, L., 635 State
Brenner, N., 91 N Pearl
Caplan, Chas. H.. 78 Herkimer
Cohen, Grace, 17 Northern Blvd.
Einstein, M., 64 Franklin
Eliassop, M. R.. 1007 Madison Av.
Ellis, Mrs. H., 827 Park Av.
Frank, J. B., 82 Madison Av.
Friedman, Mrs. Ellis O., 53 W.
Allen
Friedman, J. S., 1008 Madison Av.
Galleys, Esther, 34 Cherry
Goldberg, Wm., 58a Morris
Goldenson, Rev. S. H., 551 Myrtle
Av.
Goldstein, A., 147 S. Pearl
Green, J., 29 Norman Av.
Hershberg, J., 110 Grand
Hessberg, A., 222 LaLCPster
Hessberg, S., 38 Willett
Illch, Abraham, 248 Hamilton
Illch, Julius, 56 N. Pine Av.
Levitz, M., 249 Hamilton
Lipman, H. W., 614 Madison Av.
Mann, B. A., 1071 Madison Av.
Marx, A. I., 1002 Madison Av.
Mendel, M., 60 S. Pearl
Mendelson, Mrs. Ira, 1006 Madison
Av.
YORK
Milstein, Isaac, 3 Clinton Av.
Muhlfelder, David, 50 Jay
Muhlfelder, J., 1000 Madison Av.
Myers, D. H., 137 South Lake Av.
Neuman, Dr. L. H., 194 State
Poskanzer, R. C, 78 State
Rablner, A., 238 S. Pearl
Rackman, D., 245 S. Pearl
Rosenberg, I., 67 Herkimer
Rosenberg, I., 99 Grand
Schlesinger, Rev. Dr. M., 457 West-
ern Av.
Sherman, M., 10 Madison PI.
Sonnenfeld, S. T., 680 Madison Av.
Sporborg, Mrs. H. J., 106 Lake Av.
Stern, C. M., 121 S. Lake Av.
Summer, W. J., 891 Madison Av.
Ungerman, M., 851 Madison Av.
Wachsman, I., 19 S. Pine Av.
Waldman, L. I., 78 Willett
Waldman, Mrs. L. S., 1000 Madison
Av.
Amsterdam
Gray, Max, 149 E. Main
Stone, Lewis, 124 E. Main
Wasserman, J.
Arverne
Llllenthal, H.. 211 N. Remington
Av.
Wetzler, Arnold
Aubum
Paulvin, Paul, 121 E. Genesee
Bath Beach
Landsberg, L., 8697 21st Av.
Rubinowltz, A. J., 1648 Bath At.
Bay Shore
Michnoff, Dr. S., Main & Ocean Av.
Beacon
Beskin, S., 20 South Av.
76
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
471
Binghamton
Hirschman, S. J., 88 Henry
Mintz, Hiram
Public Library
Swartz.^A. R., 106 Henry
Brooklsm
Library Member
Religious School of Temple Emanuel,
Borough Pk., 49th & 14th Av.
Special Members
Pacht, E., 1015 Lafayette Av.
Perry, Rufug L., 403 Fulton
Annual Members
Abelow, S. P., 367 Clifton PL
Abels, S., 937 73d
Abraham, J., 1773 Pitkin Av.
Abrams, H., 647 Willoughby Av.
Adleman, Dr. L., 400 Rock Av.
Adler, J., 218 Prospect PI.
Applebaum, H., 274 S. 2d
Atotzky, M., 1973 Bergen
Bag, B., 1027 Flushing Av.
Ball, Dr. G., 510 Sutter Av.
Barasch, S. W., 273 Argyle Rd.
Barrel, Morris, 101 India
Bennis, E., 366 Riverdale Av.
Berkowitz, I., 1396 Pitkin Av.
Berlin, M. P., 350 Keap
Berliner, E., 250 Tompkins Av.
Berman, L. M., 620 Stone Av.
Bernard, John, 89 Stuyvesant Av.
Bernheimer, Dr. C. S., Hopklnson &
Sutter Avs.
Bernstein, A. A., 51 E. Broadway
Bernstein, A. N., 748 Flushing Av.
Bernstein, J. L, 397 Stratford Rd.
Bernstein, M., 114 Liberty Av.
Block, I., 200 Vernon Blk.
Bloom, Moses, 1232 50th
Blum, E. C, c/o Abraham & Straus
Blum, Dr. S. S., 182 Havemeyer
Bonner, A., 421 Grand Av.
Borgenlcht, L, 1475 52d
Bralnltsky, S., 33 Grafton
Brenner, Hon. Jacob, 252 Carroll
Brigham, Mrs. H. M., 322 Jefferson
Brightman, J. W.. 1617 61st
Brightman, S. D., 1567 53d
Broches, Leo, 201 Hewes
Brody, A., 340 Hopklnson Av.
Brooke, B. H., 277 Broadway
Browde, B. W., 1361 72d
Brower, Wm., 1686 Pitkin Av.
Brown, J. M., 299 Broadway
Brown, Reuben, 53 Scholes
Brusilowsky, Dr. A., 1301 E. New New York
York Av.
Cahan, L., 44 Graham Av.
Cantor, Wm., 137 Kosciusko
CapIIn, Abraham, 1618 43d
Caplin, S., 338 McDonough
Chanowitz, N., 1260 39th
Chester, S., 553 Christopher Av.
Cohen, A. S., 138 Wilson
Cohen, Alex.. 328 Stone Av.
Cohen, B., 230 17th
Cohen, Frank, 279 Hinsdale
Cohen, H. L, 1542 Pitkin Av.
Cohen, Harris, 483 Grand
Cohen, I., 4401 13th Av.
Cohen, I., 23 Stuyvesant Av.
Cohen, Leo, 1054 Park PI.
Cohen, Louis, 234a Vernon Av.
Cohen, Louis, 274 Humboldt
Cohen, Dr. N., 426 S. 4th
Cohen, Rev. S. R., 784 Eastern Pkwy
Cohn, Dr. M. A.. 460 Stone Av.
rolin, Mnt, fl69 DeKalb Av
Conrad, S„ lU-S ^VilliaItl A v.
Cooper, L K.. iSS Fninklin
CoopPTsmith, D., 300 Livonia Av.
CutEcr, L. A., 714a Monroe
Bands, J., SO Throop Av*
Dattellmum, Dr- M. J*, 1125 Eastern
I^&i'lEwav
Dorfmo, M., 585 Diimont Av,
Duberstclti, B. C, 1351 E. I'kway
DunlE?ff, J.. 206 RochesJter Av.
Kl!4tiilJi?rK, Dr. A, Dh. 5M Leonard
[ClatiibtTir, S., ITf* Herzl
I^llenbogcn, M,, 140 Rinduey
Epstein, Isidor, 1556 SSJd
Epstein. Israel, 478 Ralph A v.
Episti'lOj Simon, 792 Green Av,
Faftke, Dr. U, 1573 Eastern Tkway.
Ferler, Henry, 122 Bay 14 th
Feingold, L, SS SuCtet A v.
FclDStcin, A., 257 New Lotg Rd.
FclBenfeld, J. L,^ 80 S. 1st
Filler, Dr. S. H., 347 Watlcifis
Finkf^lst^^ln, N. B., 30 Thatford Av.
Ftnkolst^ln. R., 1592 Eastern I'kway.
Fiahman. J., 55S Bedford A v.
Fk'lachman, S., '2M1 Bedford A v.
Frank, 5?imon, 1434 57tb
Franks, B, J., 42 Hampton PI.
Fraiikfi, H. S., 2G7 Windsor I'K
Frt^eflmon, H.. 1556 5 2d
Freedniatj, E.. 53 S 44 th
Freednmn, S.. 013 Howard Av.
Freed mnn, Wm^ L, 1111 Grfeen A v.
Fried. CUas., 1014 Vaik PI.
Frledland, S., 1220 46th
Friedman, J., 459 Hinsdale.
Friedman, Dr. J. H., 236 S. 2d
Frischberg, A., 1796 Pitkin A v.
77
Digitized by
Google
472
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New York Ftiertb* J. M., TOD X^fayette A v.
Gflbrlelt B., im Lafojette At.
Gflfltpr, I.. 1029 Pltldn At,
TfedQld. CMS.. l>24i aoathf-rn Blvd.
' Gertnflin, l^, 457 Hd
Gpt», D. B., 208 Chrlatopher Av.
GIIU H., aOO WIJIouKhb^r Av,
Gltlln. 8. n., 304 Timtforri Av.
nm^lmn, M-, 105fi Mj^rtle Av.
Gltckniaij, Ethpl, '120 Hart
Gloubmnn, Wm,, R95 Grfund
Q Tusk fir. Chflfl., 407 E. ^ftth
Gn^tK, Rnbbi U .1,. 1^1 Buy 23d
GolTrn, Dr. A. M., 15S Hart
QoUl, rxiiila. 44 Court
Goid, IlQlilil W„ a 14 Kcap
GMdbevff, h. P.. ^Ofi3 Douglass
Goldlirrp, M., 5(>S AlnTmmA Av.
Goldbcri;^, M, Jacob. (il2 Rl ike A v.
Go!i]ffjH\ Rrtbbl 1., 3S9 CI [a ton
ffOldnioti, H., 709 Lplfaj[><te A v.
Goldman. M&x, 19 Torn pb ins Av.
Goldman, i^.. 110 Tlintfrtid Av.
Gdldscbmldt, Wm., mn K. irjth
GoM«taiib. n.p 340 Elkrv
GoldEftpld, L. H., .^2n linpklnson A v.
Qotdatnln, Dr, Mii3£. 740 Drlgjrs A v.
GoSdstin^, B. Ft., 3S0 Vprnqn Av.
Gtildstoff, Dr, l\, 45 Grabam Av.
Goodman, I. H., 043 Williams
Goodman, S. L.. 218 St. Johns PI.
Gootenberg, P., 1320 50th
Gordon, H., 233 S. 4th
Gorman, B. I., 1420 59th
Grafman, Rev. S., 1507 Eastern
Parkway
Greenberg, H., 1561 Park PI.
Greene, I. F., 1305 E. New York Av.
Greenebaum, Dr. L., 453 Saratoga
Av.
Greenebaum, M., 1410 Av. I
Greenschpoon, Dr. .1., 433 Miller
Greenspan, A., 70 Powell
Greenstein, Jos., 154 Keap
Greenstone. M. S., 21 Smith
Greif, Dr. S., 184 Riverdale Av.
Gresser, Jos.. 563 8th
Groden, Morris, 268 ITart
Gromet, Dr. M., 971 Manhattan Av.
Grover, E., 513 Sutter Av.
Gurian, Morris, 13 Seigel
Haber, J., 585 Vanderbilt Av.
Halperin, A., 1410 Uncoln PI.
Halperin, M., 196 Bay 25th
Halpern, E^ 111 S. 3d
Harrison, H. A., 195 Keap
Haupt, Geo., 1020 E. 13th
Ilayman, Dr. A., 73 McKIbben
Heller, Dr. J., 1199 Eastern Pkway
Herbert, E. P., 1643 43d
Herschaf t, Dr. M. N., 87 Graham Av.
Ilerzfeld, Max, 773 Willoughby Av.
HIrsh, Hugo, 391 Fulton
Hlrshberg, M., 213 Sutter Av.
Hirshfeld, S., 296 Christopher At.
Hoffman, Dr. M., 157 Sutter Av.
Hoffman, Rabbi M., 1827 Prospect
PI.
Hfsl lander, D„ 522 Bushwlck At.
ITiiriii?y. M.. IflS Floyd
Jacobaon, J. N.. 1637 60th
Jncoby, A.. 957 E. lOtb
Joachim, B„ GDI Putnam Av,
Jciachlm. C. .7.. 170 Westmlniter Rd.
Jufia, LoulB, 1*^5 Kent
Kane, Dr. H,* 213 Boi^rum
Kan tor, Lion, IfiSS 4 2d
Kiis&, Irving, 410 Hollsdale
KnU, David N., 1607 Pitkin A v.
Katu, Df. S. M.. 494 Hopkinson At.
Knufmnn, Dr* B*f 482 Stone A v.
Ki»inrincr, Otto. 44 Munroi' PL
K 'Ks, linan. tt. D, 3S Bay 23d
KStiMiiEjl, M„ 405 Siitti^r Av.
Kill If, AbitUium. 627 Broadway
Kobre, J. C, 98 Taylor
Koenig, Dr. L., 301 Hinsdale
Kohn, Mrs. M., 1292 Putnam At.
Komarnitzky, A.. 438 Bristol
Korchin, M., 121 Hopkins
Korn, Hyman, 147 Huron
Koven, M. N., 26 Court
Kratter, L., 20 Lincoln Pi.
Kraus, S. B., 935 Broadway
Krimsky, Dr. J., 164 Penna. Av.
Kupferberg, B., 389 Bainbridge
Landan, Barnet, 316 Chester
Landau, H. J., 343 Saratoga At.
Latner, Dr. L. E., 595 Greene At.
Leibowitz, Jack, 390 S. 4th
I^iken, Meyer 6., 192 Keap
Lelman, N. D., 1324 Lincoln Pi.
Levbarg, Dr. J. J.. 44 Tompkins At.
Levere, Isidor, 217 Stagg
Levin e, F. R., 130 Herzle
Levine, H., 438 Saratoga Av.
Levingson, I., 1112 Eastern Pkway.
Levinson. Rabbi S. J., 671 Westmin-
ster Rd.
Lcvinthal, Rev. I. H., 31 Howard PI.
Levy, Dr. A. M., 328 Bushwick At.
Levy, Abraham. 557 5th
Levy, Eliot, 163 Bay 31st
Levy, M. G., 151 Stratford Rd.
licvy, N. H., 129 Tompkins A v.
I^vy, S., 697 St. Johns Pi.
Levy, S. H., 48 Debevolse
Lewis, Dr. A. S., 149 Lorimer
Liebowitz, Henry, 108 Kent
Llfschitz, J. M., 1600 Eastern Pkwy.
Lipschitz, B., 300 S. 3d
Litwack, A. M., 580 Hendrix
78
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
473
Lorentz, M. L., 596 Monroe
Lubltz, Dr. S., 32 Manhattan Av.
Luft, Leon, 171 St. Nicholas Av.
Lurle, H. I., 1646 50th
Lutz, A. G., 1515 44th
Lyon, Chas., 116 Vernon Av.
Lyons, Rev. A.. 526 8th
Machlin, S., 948 Manhattan Av.
Machzlkel Talmud Torah, 3319 43d
Magid, R., 1438 45th
ManaccuB, S., 875 Drlggs Av.
Mandel, Chas. I., 193 Broadway
Mandel, K., 442 Ocean Parkway
Mandelbaum, Dr. M., 37 Debevoise
Mandelbaum, Dr. Wto., 329 Stone
Av.
Manheimer, S. S., 1437 51st
Margulies, Dr. Wm^ 63 McKibben
Markel. A. J., 130 Graham Av.
Marshall, I., 750 Howard Av.
Mathew, J. B., 203 Pulaski
Matz, I., 606 Bedford Av.
Meister, L., 368 New Jersey A v.
Meller, John, 1606 Pitkin Av.
Meltzer, B. S., 414 Rockaway Av.
Mennen, I., 1476 Pitkin Av^
Meserltz, I.. 851 Park PI.
Michtown, M., 759 Howard Av.
Miller, M., 2586 Fulton
Millman, E. M., 379 Riverdale Av.
Mitchell, W. L., 408 Summer Av.
Moeller, H., 5203 15th Av.
Morltz, Comdr. Albert, 723 E. 18th
Morris, Z. A., 64 Humboldt
Mosesson, Rabbi H. E., 1885 Pros-
pect
MurofiP, Dr. S. J„ 937 Blake Av.
Offenbach, Dr. H. C, 167 Summer
Av.
Ogus, A. D., 549^ Kosciusko
Ozer, Geo., 185 16th
Pecker, Dr. R., 304 Bristol
Phillips, H., 96 Meserole
Plesen, M. A., 160 Marlborough Rd.
Pines, L, 75 Bristol
Polisar, Dr. J. M., 391 Penna) Av.
Polonsky, Dr. J.. 336 Penna. Av.
Prensky, Jos^ 165 Pulaski
Rabinowitz, Dr. H. M., 149 Watkins
Rabinowitz, S., 459 Stone Av.
Raisin, Rabbi M^ 530 McDonough
Ratnoff, Dr. H. L, 447 Saratoga Av.
Ratzan, Mrs. M. W., 67 McKibben
Rayflel, H., 62 Thatford Av.
Raymond, S. S., 338 Pearl
Relbateln, Dr. H. B., 36 Thatford Av.
Reiner, Dr. J., 759 Greene Av.
Reiss, J., 453 Ralph Av.
Relss, Max, 124 Stuyvesant Av.
Relter, M., 416 Livonia Av.
Reitman, R., 466 Sackman
Richmond, R. B., 1653 43d
Rleger, M., 152 Sackman
Ries, Dr. I. P., 788 Sutter Av.
RIvkin, Dr. J. G.. 458 Stone Av.
Rivkln, L., 236 Christopher Av.
Rivlin, S., 1850 Prospect
Robert, Ellis, 515 B. 26th
Robinson, Dr. M^ 326 Sackman
Roochvarg, E., 524 Blake Av.
Rosenfeld, Dr. R., 516 Stone Av.
Rosenfeld, Dr. W.. 351 Penna. Av.
Rosenheck, I., 240 Westminster Rd.
Roth, Anton, 243 Colyer
Rothschild, S. F., c/o Abraham &
Straus
Rothstein, M., 601 Sutter Av.
Rottenberg, M., 345 Bainbrldge
Tlu^fn, Jos., 200^ r>on«;lng At.
Uu Inn roth. D., 3 Si S Lira tog a A v.
Rudder, N., 158 Greene
SfiUt, M„ 100 Flmnpple
Sambur^ M., 5r>0 Bush wick At,
SamuelaoD, M., 1775 I'ltklti Av.
SHrachek, J.. 16 ?i!n!j* r
SiirKcnt, L, 314 HerldiiiiT
.SHrtorUlB, C JM4 \V;m]rlnj^ton Pk.
SafilavBky. N\, TGsv Wiii.-n^^hby Av.
Saie, M. W., S50 ErtBttrii Tkway.
Sehui*ff*:r. Frniik. 4JH Ppuna* Av.
8t;hec3itcr, K, 21 T Bopnim
Si liurkk'1% r>r. J. J., 426 Stone A v.
Si:hniii\ Br. IL, 187 Vnret
Siliiih, 8. U, 130 RutledKe
Sijlinrr. IM,, 4li2 New Jprsay Av.
Schwartz, Mr§. D., 107 0th Av.
Schwartz, .J., 1199 Eastern Pkway.
Schwartz, Dr. M., 59 Johnson A v.
Schwartz, P., 563 Howard Av.
Schwartz. V., 361 Stone Av.
Schwarzchild, S. M., 1359 51st
Scott, Minnie M., 712 Leonard
Seidman, J. A., 551 Mansfleld Pi.
Seidman, N., 1731 Pitkin Av.
Seigle, C. H., 47 Graham Av.
Seinfel, H., 1509 Eastern Pkway.
Seley, Moses H., 119 Kent
Seligman, Dr. Henry, 181 S. 2d
Selikowitz, S. D., 1745 Union
Seltz, Louis, 343 Bradford
Shankroff, Dr. L., 343 Jefferson Av.
Shapiro, A., 426 Ralph Av.
Shapiro, A., 361 Vernon Av.
Shapiro, Israel, 1242 50th
Shapiro, Jacob I., 141 India
Shlivek, H., 838 Park PI.
Shulman, M., 287 Bristol
Siegel, Florence, 482 Vermont
Siegel, Dr. S., 66 McKibben
Siegel, T. D., 851 Greene Av.
Silverman, Dr. E. 6., 4522 15th Av.
New York
79
Digitized by
Google
474
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New York Silverman, M. L., 1309 B. New York
Av.
SIraonson, S. C, 171 Rlverdale Av.
Singer, Mrs. S., 988 Lorimer
Sisselman, L., 404 New Jersey Av.
Sobel, Jacob, 607 Flatbush Av.
Sockler, N., 83 Montrose Av.
Sotoloff, Dr. B., 31 Thatford Av.
Steler, Max, 416 S. 5th
Steinfeld, Dr. B. H., 8821 Bay 15th,
L. I.
Steinfleld, Dr. E. T., 109 Manhattan
Av.
Stone, Nahum I^ 2751 Bedford Av.
Strahl, J. S., 807 Putnam Av.
Sukloff, S., 1017 Myrtle Av.
Sweedler, N., 462 Stone Av.
Tachland, S., 393 S. 2d
Talkin, Dr. M. M., 676 Willoughby
Av.
Tarshis, I., 523 10th
Teichler, M. M., 884 Lafayette Av.
Teltelbaum, Dr. H., 30 Throop Av.
Telsey, S. A., 241 Utica Av.
Teperman, B., 1737 St. Johns PI.
Thaler, I., 1412 50th
Thaler, Jacob, 1255 48th
Trokle, Sadie, 339 Vermont
Turkat, B. M., 31 New Lots Rd.
Volkman, Aaron, 178 India
Volkman, I., 970 Manhattan Av.
Wachs, Abraham, 354 Hinsdale
Wachtel, Saml. J., 683 Park Av.
Walzer, Dr. A., 812 Bedford Av.
Waxman, Nahum, 818 Quincy
Wechksteln, I., 656 Bedford Av.
Wechsler, M., 154 Oscar Parkway
Weil, Theo., 298 St. Johns PI.
Weinberg, Dr. N., 584 Marcy Av.
Weiner, Jacob, 1515 58th
Weinstein, A., 234 Sutter Av.
Weinstein, A. A., 1508 President
Weisbein, J., 76 Powell
Weisberg, M., 325 Vernon Av.
Weitzman, Dr. I., 1442 70th
Werbelowsky, J., 93 Meserole
Whinston, M., 1811 Eastern Pkway.
Winder, Max, 725 Saratoga Av.
Wolf, Wm., 971 Manhattan Av.
Wolff, Dr. G. S., 1533 Eastern Park-
way
Wolfman, M., 240a tiart
Wolodarsky, Dr. N. Z., 323 Penna.
Av.
Y. M. H. L., c/o S. Hirsfeld, Sec,
296 Christopher Av.
Zirinsky, J., 641 Willoughby Av.
Zuckerman, Dr. B., 375 Bushwick
Av.
Buffalo
Special Mbmbebs
Miller, L. H., 528 Eagle
Siegel, E., 852 Fillmore Av.
Annual Members
Aaronson, M., 223 Mortimer
Brode, S., 289 William
Brown, Jacob H., 367 William
Cristall, S., 175 Woodward Ay.
Diamond, M., 163 Hickory
Dickman, I., 919 Broadway
Drob, Rev. Max, 202 Anderson
Eskowich, J., 229 Spring
FleiRchman, Simon, Morgan BIdg.
Gilden, J. H., 444 Eagle
Ginsburg, S., Niagara & Forest Av.
Harriton, H., 202 William
Hofeller, Theo., 59 Ashland At.
Kaplan, Jos., 366 Clinton
Maisel, Henry, 867 Fillmore At.
Maisel, Louis, 786 Fillmore At.
Public Library
Rosenthal, S., 151 Spring
Rosing, Jacob, 326 William
Rothenberg, L., 113 Mortimer
Rothschild, Leo, 417 Lin wood
Rothschild, S., 348 Richmond Av.
Saperston, W. W., 97 Norwood Av.
Schanzer, Sigmund, 672 William
Schimmel, S. M., 190 Seneca
Schuman, Wm., 789 Ellicott
Shapiro, M., 62 Watson
Spangenthal, A., 550 Lafayette Av.
Sperans, Dr. Joel, 949 Clinton
Stulberg, Jos., 779 Fillmore Av.
Swiados, Jos. H., 329 Pratt
Weiss, Julius, 41 Ketchum PI.
Weiss, Morris, 256 Seneca
Weiss, Morris, 789 Ellicott
Wiener, Cecil B., William & Jefferson
Wile, Herman, Ellicott & Carroll
Yochelson, S. A., 14 Beck
Corning
Tobias, G. H., 125 B. 3d
Crestwood
Levy, Max J.
Shiman, Abraham
East Elmhurst
Perlo, Saml.
EUenvllle
Maniloff, J.
80
Digitized by
Google
i
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
475
Elmlra
Blostein, S., 161 Sulllyan
Council of Jewish Women, 314 Madi-
son Av.
Levy, Ben. F., 454 W. Water
Marcus, Bev. Dr. J., 108 High
Moseson, H., 150 Washington
Nathan, M. H., 157 High
Paltrowitz, Levi J., 416 W. Gray
Spiegel, W. M., 219 High
Far Rockaway
Baum, Dr. J., 109 Gibson PI.
Frauenthal, Mrs. Dr. H. W., Breezy
Point
Frisch, Rabbi B., 40 Neilson Av.
ITess, Herman M., 64 Seneca
Lesser, H., 44 Gibson PI.
Lichter, Rev. Dr. B., 109 Gibson PI.
Lidz, Israel, 5 Plnson PI.
Roman, P. S., 14 Mills
Rubin, Max, 99 Gibson PI.
Sachs, E., Greewood Av. & Bverdell
PI.
Zucker, H. D., Point Breeze PI.
Flatbush
Barasch, S. W., 273 Argyle Rd.
Olen Cove
Bessel, Saml.
Jospe, Theo.
Leven, A., Box 586
Olenmorris
Pauly, Eugene, Lambert St.
Olens Falls
Halpert, H., 60 Montcalm
Marcus, S., 184 Ridge
Weinberger, J.
Oloversville
Special Membeks
Louis, Harry J.
Moses, Joe, 521 1st Av.
Annual Members
Iliger, H., 11 N. Judson
Lurie, Jacob, 21 Chestnut
Moses, Ralph A., 37 1st Av.
Nelson, A.
Oreenlawn
, Carp, Solomon, c/o C. W. Hendric
Hartsdale
Grabau, Mrs. Mary A.
Herkimer
Schermer, Benj.
Weiss, A. T.
Hudson
Judean Club, 116 Warren
Kritzman, Adam, 613 Warren
Libin, Simon, Warren & Front
Tamaim, Frank, 114 Fulton
Ithaca
Feinberg, A. W., Saving Bk. Bldg.
New York
Johnstown
DeBeer, J.
Kingston
Special Members
Leventhal, Hyman, 70 Crown
Leventhal, Max, 70 Crown
Annual Members
Bacharach, L., 19 Hone
Blankfeld, Leon, 41 Dowens
Boker, Max, 58 St. James
Eckstein, Rabbi Moses. 19 Spring
Forst, Jacob, 26 Abell
Marblestdner, H., 107 Main
Marks, Jacob, 86 John
Oppenheimer Bros., 578 Broadway
Stern, Dr. A. A., 20 Hone
Wetterhahn, D., 60 Abell
Liberty
Friedman, Saml., Green Bldg.
Kahn, Dr. H. L.. 5 S. Main
Rayefsky. Dr. Chas.
Rosenthal, Dr. L. V., 204 S. Main
Weiss, H., 260 Chestnut
Long Island City
Alderman, E. I., 130 Vernon Av.
Berger, Herman, 71 Borden Av.
Berger, Martin, 71 Borden Av.
Gensmere, J. R., 407 9th Av.
Steiner, G., 596 Jackson Av.
Middletown
Bressler, Paul, 1 James
Gray, Saml., 29 James
Hirschkorn, H., 13 Houston Av.
Levinson, B., 21 W. Main
Hozofsky, Ely, 95 North
Monticello
Abeloff, Saml., Box 606
81
Digitized by
Google
476
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New York Xonnt Vernon
Special Member
Mann, Leon, 32 Winfleld Ay.
Annual Members
BabrowBky, B., 9tti Av.
Blchen, S. S., Ill S. High
Eisner, Jacob, 221 Summit Av.
Oarflnkle, Rabbi J. I., 137 W. 4th
Kuhn, Ferd., 134 Overlook Av.
Levow, Ben J., 418 S. Ist A v.
Livingston, Wm., 2 Wilson PI.
Robison, Mrs. G. J., 348 N. Fulton
Tausend, Felix. 227 Westchester A v.
Temple Sinai Library, c/o M. Leib-
hold, 211 E. Lincoln A v.
Wallersteln, A., 188 N. Columbus
Av.
Kastau
Naum, H. D.
New Brighton
Scheinberg, C. T., 42 Westervelt Av.
New Rochelle
Adler, N., 199 Main
Ballin, M. M., 121 Warren
Bauer, Mrs. M., 169 Horton
Cohen, I. B., 7 Baufay PI. .
Grant, Adolph, 131 Lockwood Av.
Heyman, Mrs. O., Slocum
Kahn, Louis, 17 Kress Pk.
Prince, J.
Segal, Dr. P., 308 Huguenot
Stern, Rabbi R. M., 141 Mayflower
Av.
Wallack, Dr. W. J., 308 Huguenot
New York City
Life Members
Buttenwieser, J. L., 800 Central Pk..
W.
Elkus, Abram I.. Ill Broadway
FIschel, Harry. 118 E. 93d
Goodhart, P. J., 21 W. 81st
Levy, Aaron J., 307 B. Broadway
Marshall, Louis, 47 E. 72d
Naumberg, E., 48 W. 58th
Schafer, Saml. M., 56 Wall
Schiff, Mrs. Jacob H.. 52 William
Schiff, Mortimer L., 52 William
Straus, Hon. Oscar S., 42 Warren
Sulzberger, C. L., 516 West End Av.
Warburg, Mrs. F. M., 1109 5th Av.
Warburg, Felix M., 1109 5th A v.
Patrons
Cohen, Jos. H., 1 E. 33d
Goldman, Julius, 111 Broadway
Guggenheim, DanieL 120 Broadway
Hays, Daniel P., 116 Broadway
Lamport, 8. C.
Lauterbach, B., 22 William
Lehman, Hon. Irving, 61 Chambers
Ochs, Adolph S., N. Y. Times
Salomon, Wm., 1020 5th Av.
Schiff, Jacob H., 52 William
Library Members
Benjamin, E. S., 1019 Madison Av.
Dettelbach, M., 411 West End Av.
Educational Alliance. 197 E. Bway.
Frankenburg, A., 1239 Madison A v.
Goldsmith, A.. 36 W. 69th
Goodfrlend, M., 274 W. 113th
Gruber, Abr., 170 Broadway
Guggenheim, Simon, 165 Broadway
Hamburger, Saml. B., 2 Rector
Heb. Sheltering and Immigrant Aid
Society, 229 B. Broadway
Katz, Eugene. 895 West End Av.
Kohns, Lee, 38 B. 52d
Levy, Abraham, 209 W. 136th
Mayer, Otto L., 164 Water
Nathan, Edgar J.. 127 W. 74th
Ottinger, Moses, 23 W. 75th
Platzek, Hon. M. Warley, 15 B. 48th
Rees, Louis J., 220 W. 98th
Seligman, Isaac N., 36 W. 54th
Snitkin, Hon. L. A., 46 St. Marks PI.
Stern, Leopold, 68 Nassau
Stern, Sigmund, 68 Nassau
Strauss, Samuel. 21 E. 82d
Unger, Henry W., 139 W. 130th
Unterberg, I., 90 Franklin
Y. M. H. A., 92d & Lexington Av.
Special Members
Apfel, Chas.. 68 William
Arkush, Reuben, 159 W. 77th
Ascheim, M. J., 61 E. 86th
Auerbach, Jos. S., 151 W. 86th
Baermann, J. B., 1 W. 89th
Bendheim, A. D., 42 W. 89th
Bendhelm, Henry, 42 W. 89th
Berlozheimer, Bmil, 21 W. 75th
BIjur, Hon. Nathan, 160 W. 75th
Bing, Alex. M., 119 W. 40th
Borg, Sidney C, 20 Nassau
Buckner, M., 307 W. 79th
Cantor, Jacob A., 9 W. 70th
Cardoza, BenJ. N., 16 W. 75th
Danzlger, Mrs. Max, HE. 79th
Dittenhoefer, I. M., 96 Broadway
Dobsevage, I. G., 850 Bronx Pk.. S.
Dukas, Julius J., 335 Broadway
Einstein, S. E., 20 Broad
Bisemann, Emll, 48 W. 4th
Bisenberg, L., 664 Riverside Drive
Elkan, Benno, 782 West End Av.
82
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
477
Erlanger, A. L., 214 W. 42d
Erlanger, M. L., 2030 Broadway
Ernst, I. L., 151 W. 86th
Ersten, L., 345 4th Av.
Falck, Harry, 61 Broadway
Feiner, B. F., 155 Riverside Drive
Fischlowitz, Dr. G. G., 1298 Madi-
son Av.
Fleischman, S., 308 W. 107th
Frank, Alfred, 136 W. 21st
Frank, Julius J., 138 W. 78th
Freundlich, I., 255 Mt. Hope Pi.
Gainsburg, I., 271 Broadway
Glass, Henry, 161 W. 86th
Goldberg, I., 2 W. 115th
Goldenberg, S. L^ 109 5th Av.
Goldfogle, Hon. H. M., 271 Bway.
Goldsmith, Abr., 35 Nassau
Goodfriend, Jacob, 305 W. 100th
Goodman, Arthur, 122 5th Av.
Greenbaum, Hon. Saml., 2 E. 94th
Grossman, M. H., 210 Riverside
Drive
Grossman, Wm., 229 W. 97th
Guggenheim, Murry, 120 Broadway
Guggenheim, Sol. R., 120 Broadway
Guggenheimer, Mrs. J. C, 308 W.
Hano, Philip, 116 Riverside Drive
Harburger, Julius, 3905 Broadway
Hecht, Meyer, 6 Jacob
Heller, Saml., 37 Hamilton Ter.
Hendricks, Mrs. Chas., 340 W. 72d
Hershfield, Isidore, 99 Nassau
Hyman, Dr. S. J., 326 E. 4th
Hyman, Saml. I., 52 E. 10th
Ickelheimer, Henry R., 49 Wall
Isaacs, Bendet, 358 West End Av.
Ittelson, Henry, 61 Broadway
Josephson, Dr. I. Z., 1330 Franklin
Kahn, Louis, 10 W. 75th
Kahn, O. H., 54 William
Kastor, Adolph, 14 W. 70th
Kaufman, Edw., 115 Broadway
Kobre, Max, 115 W. 122d
Koch, Jonas, 60 W. 96th
Korn. Albert R.. 27 W. 42d
Kursheedt, M. A., 302 Broadway
Lachman, Samson, 313 W. 106th
Lehman, Arthur, 31 W. 56th
Lerner, Hanna, 260 Henry
I^ventrlt, Hon. David, 34 W. 77th
Levi, Jos. C, 216 W. 100th
Levy, L. Napoleon, 18 W. 72d
Levy, Saml. H., 170 Broadway
Lichten, M. C, 590 Broadway
Upper, Arthur, 2 W. 7th
Loeb, J. F., 89th & Central Pk., W.
Mann, Abraham, 976 Tinton Av.
Marcus, Jos. S., 315 Riverside Drive
Marcus, Nathan, 121 Canal New York
Markel, Max, 1326 Madison Av.
Marks, Hon. M. M., Municipal Bldg.
Miller, Nelson James, 2614 3d Av.
Moisseiff, Leon S., 3 E. 106th
Morgenthau, Henry, 30 W. 72d
Morgenthau, Maximilian, 30 E. 42d
Nathan, Clarence S., 46 W. 83d
Neuburger, S. M., 401 West End Av.
Neustadt, S. M., 15 E. 69th
Newburger, Hon. Jos. E., 1 W. 70th
Ottinger, Marx, 31 Nassau
Paskus, Martin, 2 W. 86th
Pflantzer, Dr. A., 249 E. Houston
Phillips, Hon. T. N., 114 W. 74th
Podell, David L.. 46 Broadway
Popper, W. C, 106 Central Pk., W.
Rice, Isaac L., 11 Pine, R. 1306
Rich, J. S., 489 Manhattan Av.
Robison, Mrs. S., 106 Morningside
Drive
Robison, Louis, 26 W. 22d
Roeder, S. M., 174 E. 95th
Rosalsky, Hon. Otto A., 32 Franklin
Rose, Wm. R., 309 W. 81st
Rosenbaum, Wm., 207 W. 24th
Rosenzweig, Jos., 135 W. 123d
Sachs, Louis, 1044 Madison Av.
Saks, I., 135 Central Pk., W.
Salginer, J., 2789 Broadway
Sanders, Leon, 292 E. Broadway
SeiflCer, David I., 137 W. 23d
Seutner, Richard, 63 W. 38th
Silberman, Morris, 125 E. 95th
Silberstein, A., 10 Central Pk., W.
Silver, M. H., 29 E. 124th
Silverstein, B., 104 Jerome Av.,
Arverne, L I.
Smolln, Mrs. J., 1890 7th Av.
Sondheim, P., 236 W. 70th
Spicehandler, C, 46 E^. Washington
Av.
Spiegelberg, Wm. I., 135 Central Pk.,
W.
Spitzer, Oscar, 61 Broadway
Stern, A., 52 E. 61st
Stiefel, Herman, 229 W. 78th
Strasburger, Saml., 74 Broadway
Straus. Nathan, 27 W. 72d
Stroock, Louis I., 525 West End Av.
Stroock, Sol. M., 30 Broad
Tanenbaum, Leon, 640 Broadway
Teschner, Dr. Jacob, 134 E. 61st
Uhry, Moise, 157 W. 79th
Vorhaus, Louis J., 115 Broadway
Warburg, Paul M., 52 William
Weil, David L, 601 W. 115th
Weil, Saml., 196 Franklin
Wimpfheimer, C. A., 450 4th Av.
Wise, E. E., 19 William
Wolf, David, 600 West End Av.
83
Digitized by
Google
478
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New York Wolf, Frank, 600 West End Ay.
Wolfensteln, S. C, 1229 Park Av.
Zinke, A. U., 290 Broadway
Zipper, Dr. I., 351 E. 4th
Zucker, Peter, 1 W. 70th
Annual Members
AaroDSOD, Jos., 75 Leonard
Aaronson, Rebecca E., 3100 Bway.
Abel, Dr. S., 1525 Madison Av.
Aber, Dr. S. S., 1789 Fulton Av.
Abraham, I., 181 E. 110th
Abrahams, H., 856 Elsmere PI.
Abrahams, Dr. R., 257 W. 88th
Abramson, Anna, 124 W. 112th
Abramson, Moses, 15 W. 26th
Ackerman, Dr. Leon, 256 E. 4th
Adams, Louis, 152 Forsyth
Adelson, Philip, 1350 Madison Av.
Ader, Sam, 520 W. 160th
Adler, A., 44 W. 14th
Adler, S., 1415 Stebbins Av.
Adlerblum, I. S., 370 W. 116th
Ahrend. D. H., Central Valley
Alexander, B., 165 E. Broadway
Allen, Isaac, 132 Nassau
Allman, M., 560 W. 165th
Allmayer, Emanuel, 50 E. 96th
Alstet, M. A., 531 W. 123d
Altman, Dr. E., 746 E. 5th
Altman, S. W., 473 W. 158th
Altmayer, S. B., 150 W. 79th
Amdur, M., 1028 Prospect Av.
American, Sadie, 448 Central Pk., W.
Anspach, Mrs. I. M., 260 W. 70th
Applebaum, Julius, 818 Fox
Arblb, Alex., 53 E. 9th
Archer, B., 1342 Franklin Av.
Arnstein, A., 1125 Madison Av.
Arnstein Bros. & Co., 170 Broadway
Arnstein, Simon, 170 Broadway
Aronson, Dr. L. S., 1391 Madison Av.
Aronson, Saml.. 51 E. 75th
Aronson, V. S. D., 7 W. 116th
Aronstam, Beatrice, 524 W. 124th
Aronstein, A, 1536 Mlnford PL
Ash, Mark, 92 William
Auerbach, Max, 253 W. 11th
Auerbach, R., 551 Claremont Pkway.
Axelrod, Dr. J., 816 E. 180th
Backall, Dr. I. A., 703 E. 5th
Baer, Morris B., 40 W. 87th
Bandas, Bernard, 9 W. 14th
Banner. M. S., 2023 Monterey
Barnett, H. I., 132 Nassau
Barnett, Saml., 960 Grant Av.
Baron, D., 284 7th Av.
Baron, Jos. L., 140 Henry
Barondess, Jos., 29 Liberty
Baruth, A. C, 398 Sterling PI.
Baskln, David, 185 6th Av.
Baskin, Harris, 185 6th Av.
Bassman, Morris, 827 Fox
Baum, Dr. Soma, 267 7th
Baumgart, I.. 547 Broadway
Beckelman, Abram, 1471 Hoe Av.
Beder, Dr. M. W., 54 E. 118th
Beer, Geo. L., 329 W. 71st
Begnon, M., 303 Mercer
Benar, N., 150 Nassau
Belals, H.. 102 W. 75th
Benedict, A, 37 Wall
Benjamin, M. W., 43 W. 88th
Berg, Abraham, 1563 Hoe A v.
Berg, Max, 1223 42d, Bklyn.
Berger, J., 526 W. 123d
Bergman, Rudolph, Marbrldge Bldg.
Berkman, Julius, 606 E. 9th
Berkson, H., 26 Greenwich
Berliner, Saml., 78 W. 85th
Herman, A., 7 Chatham Sq.
Berman, Jos. G., 131 W. 110th
Berman, L. E., 64 E. 109th
Berman, Louis, 1864 7th Av.
Bernbaum, B., 170 Broadway
Bernheimer, L. A., 7 E. 57th
Bernstein, B., 960 Prospect Av.
Bernstein, Chas., 601 W. 162d
Bernstein, E., 715 2d Av.
Bernstein, Dr. I. I., 780 E. 169th
Bernstein, J., 125 W. 115th
Bernstein, P., 220 Audubon Av.
Bernstein, Saul, 1845 7th Av.
Bersin. David, 17 Attorney
Beth El Sabbath School, 5th Av. &
76th
Bleley, L. S., 622 E. 169th
Bienenfeld, Jesse, 12 E. 127th
Bilgore, David, 46 Harrison
Bijur, Moses, Ansonia Hotel
BInger, Jos., 100 W. 121st
Birnbaum, B. H., 1735 Madison Av.
Blau, Rabbi J., 1143 Lexington A v.
Blau, William, 40 Av. C
Blauhut, Dr. E. A., 140 Essex
Blechman, Nathan. 4 E. 119th
Bloch, B.. 1439 5th Av.
Bloch, Ludwig, 55 W. 117th
Bloch Publishing Co., 40 E. 14th
Block, M. J., 728 W. 181st
Bloom, Rev. I. M., 18 W. 107th
Blum, Dr. Jos., 312 W. 93d
Blum, Dr. Zarchy, 359 Grand
Blumenkranz, Dr. J., 234 Rlvington
Blumenkranz, Dr. M., 264 Stanton
Blumenthal, M. B., 35 Nassau
Blumenthal, S., 305 W. 90th
Blumgart, L., 116 Riverside DrivF
B'nai Emeth, 313 E. 116th
Bogart, Bernard, 92 St Nicholas Av
Bogart, John, 61 Park Row
Bogin, A. R., 2141 Prospect Av.
84
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
479
Bonime, A., 783 Beck
Boochever, Geo., 135 Broadway
BosDiack, J., 136 E. 112th
Bossman, M., 827 Fox
Bram, Julius, 630 Bergen Ay.
Brand, Chaa. S., 512 W. 122d
Brand, Herman, 404 E. 48th
Brandt, Dr. H., 200 W. 113th
Branower, Dr. Wm., 1816 7th Av.
Braslau, A., 135 W. 118th
Braude, Max, 1608 Madison Av.
Bregman, David, 153 W. 27th
Brentano, Simon, 5th Av. & 27th
Bresler, A. N., 3 Rutgers
Bresler, L., 2365 7th Av.
Breslow, Harry, 64 W. 144th
Bressler, D. M., 174 2d Av.
Bressler, M. L., 833 E. 167th
Breuer, N., 531 W. 123d
Brightman, J. W., 321 St. Nicholas
Av.
Brill, Louis, 834 Kelly
Brilliant, I. N.. 17 E. 115th
Brinkman, I., 299 Broadway
Brinn, S., 61 Park Row
Brodman, Dr. H., 186 Suffolk
Brower, Dr. J. L., 92 7th
Brown, Dr. A., 119 2d Av.
Brown, Jacob, 684 Union Av.
Brown, Max, 3875 Broadway
Brownold, Mrs. C, 361 W. 122d
Brownstein, B., 220 W. 111th
Bruckman, Arthur, 21 Waverly PI.
Buchenholz, Dr. S. A.. 201 W. 112th
Bullowa, A. M., 1 B. 94th
Bulova, J., 22 Maiden Lane
Burnstine, A. A., 218 W. 112th
Burstein, Dr. S. H., 446 E. 139th
Butler, L L.. 56 E. 87th
Butler, Lours N., 50 Bond
Butler, M. H., 50 Bond
Cahen, I. J., 689 West End Av.
Cahn, Arthur L., 27 Pine
CapllD, Harry, Hotel Apthoys
Carlinger, J., 6 Stuyvesant
Caspe, Dr. A., 210 E. Broadway
Caspe, Dr. M., 73 W. 119th
Ceaser, Dr. A. L., 253 B. 2d
Chaikin, Dr. A. H., 293 B, 10th
Chalmers, T. M., 2654 Marion Av.
Chasan, Nathan, 3 E. 116th
Cherurg, Dr. L., 911 Tiffany
Chestman, I., 71 Clinton
Chlpkin, I. S., 126 W. 115th
Chopak, Paul, 250 W. 137th
Clnberg, Dr. M., 146 Stanton
Citron, Dr. G. B., 66 B. 111th
demons, Julia, 104 W. 70th
Cllmenko, Dr. H., 252 B. Broadway
Clurman, Dr. M. J., 969 Simpson
Cohen, Benj., 1116 Tiffany
Cohen, Benno, 308 W. 94th New York
Cohen, Dr. David H., 865 Pox
Cohen, B. A., 182 Broadway
Cohen, Mrs. H., 19 W. 69th
Cohen, Dr. H. B., 27 Montgomery
Cohen, Dr. Harry, 64 B. 8d
Cohen, I., 1239 Madison Av.
Cohen, L., 234a Vernon Av.
Cohen, M. S., 978 Woodycrest Av.
Cohen, Moses, 170 Broadway
Cohen, Nath., 314 W. 100th
Cohen, S., 1548 Bryant Av.
Cohen. Sollls, 707 Broadway
Cohn, Dr. A. B., 315 Central Pk., W.
Cohn, Chas. L., 271 Broadway
Cohn, Eugene, 74 Broadway
Cohn, Dr. I., 102 W. 119th
Cohn, L., 42 Norfolk
Cohn, M. S., 70 Lenox Av.
Cohn, Wm., 2068 Vyse Av.
Coleman, A., 50 W. 68th
Comenetz, Dr. M., 139 Delancey
Conhelm, Herman, 265 W. 90th
Cowen, Chas. A.. 2 Wall
Cowen, Moses, 40 E. 83d
iCranin, Dr. L. A., 173 Henry
Creidenberg, Julius, 44 W. 18th
Crosney. Dr. L, 100 W. 115th
Curiel, H., 18 Desbrosses
Danziger, I. J., 242 B. 58th
Danziger, Mrs. Ida, 109 W. 114th
Daub. Wm., Lebanon Hospital
David, Dr. Paul, 119 Henry
Davidoff, H., 1956 Crotona Pkway.
Davidson, G., 601 W. 177th
Davidson, H. N., 1634 Park Av.
Davidson, Dr. Israel, 531 W. 123d
Davidson, Jos. B., 2 W. 117th
Davis, John W., 606 W. 116th
Davis, Moses. 670 Broadway
Dawson. M. M., 135 W. 95th (sub-
scriber)
Dazian, Henry, 144 W. 44th
Deberstein, Frank, 86 Franklin
Derow, Dr. David, 153 Suffolk
Diamond, J. L., 130 Fulton
Diamond, Milton, 41 Park Row
Diamond, Morris M., 904 Tiffany
DIamondstein, Dr. Julius, 56 B. 122d
Diamont, Louis, 46 B. 3d
Dine, Harry N., 288 W. 92d
Dintenfass, Dr. J., 1316 Prospect Av.
Dittenheim, W., 1131 Forest Av.
Dobrin, Rabbi A. B., 44 Greenwich
Av.
Dobsevage, A. B., 850 Bronx Pk., S.
Dolowitz, A., 950 Hoe Av.
Donchi, Dr. M., 466 Manhattan Av.
Donlger Bros., 663 Broadway
Doskow, Dr. S.. 830 E. 168d
DrechBler, David, 140 Nassau
85
Digitized by
Google
480
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New York Dreif us, Emanuel, 86th & Broadway,
Belmore Apts.
Dretzin, B., 1009 Prospect Av.
Drosln, Dr. L., 1666 Lexington Av.
Druckerman, Simon, 50 Canal
Dushkin, A. M., 201 W. 118th
Dworetzky, M., 559 W. 141st
Edelman, M. M., 601 W. 164th
Edlin, Wm., 175 E. Broadway
Ehrlich, Dr. Moses L^ 233 E. 7th
Ehrman, Isldor, 132 Eldrldge
Eichherg, Mrs. S., 65 Nassau
Eichel, A., 327 Grand
Einstein, Mrs. Wm., 121 B. 57th
Eiseman, Rev. A, 175 B. 79th
Eisen, Oscar I.. 159 W. 25th
Elsenberg, I., 115 E. Broadway
Elsler, I., 18 B. 17th
Eisner, Dr. S., 235 E. 4th
Elfenbeln, S., 167 South
Elgart, A., 34 E. 12th
Eliscu, E., 516 W. 140th
El ken, Max, 61 Broadway
Ellsberg, S., 279 E. Broadway
Elsohn, Mrs. E., 1520 Seabury PI. .
Emanuel Temple, School Committee,
43d & 5th At.
IJndel, Chas, W., 251 W. 98th
EneloWp E*jv. Dr. H. G., 895 West
End At-
Engel, Wm. M.. 2,^57 W. 139th
EQKlander, 0,, 302 Broadway
Enselmnn, I., 38 Tsirk Row
Epsteio, A., 74S Kick
Epstein. B., 72fi ItlTerside Drive
Rfu^tvln, r. T . -: B. 97th
Kp<\i'\n. r,. ■: lings
Kiisteifi, Jr.]. ■■ ..i W. 143d
l':pKttiii-L*"cvin, i:. ^\r., 309 E. 22d
JOpstfin. M, W.. V'Jl Franklin Av.
Epsh in, N. B., 10r*4 Grant Av.
E[5stDln. Wi»,, IriGS 52d
Erb, Newman, i!5 E. 74th
Erlanger, Abraham, 65 Worth
Erlanger, S. B., 81st & Broadway
Eron, Jos. Eli, 185 E. Broadway
Falk, Mrs. A. A., 1043 Trinity Av.
Falk, B. J., 721 9th Av.
Falk, Saml., 338 W. 51st
Fallick, Dr. M., 57 E. 105th
Fast, W. B., 6 Wlllett
Federman, M. J^ 3920 Broadway
Fein, Simon, 433 E. 121st
Feinberg, Mrs. A., 146 Henry
Felnberg, Jos., 968 Fox
Feinberg, M. A., 259 E. Broadway
Feist, Max, 245 W. 139th
Feitelson, Dr. J., 55 Delancey
Fold, Saml., 83 E. 111th
Feldberg, Isaac, 321 Stanton
Feldman, Dr. J., 1412 Charlotte
Feldman, Dr. H. M., Prospect Av. &
169th
Feldman, S., 160 W. 98th
Fertlg, M. M., 1556 Minford PI.
FIchman, Rabbi D., 123 W. 80th
Finkelstein, A. A., 12 Jefferson
Finkeistein, L. J., 112 Hester
Finkelstein, M. J., 39 W. 93d
Finsterberg, H., Lebanon Hospital
Fischer, Jos., 1246 Madison Av.
Fischer, Julius, 35 Nassau, R. 502
Fischman, Miss B., 315 Central Pk.,
W.
Plshman, Mrs. Arthur, 239 B. 18th
Fishman, Dr. J., 51 B. 117th
Flaum, S., 1391 Stebbins Av.
Flegenheimer, A., 267 8th Av.
Fleischer, N., 50 W. 77th
Folkoflf, Saml. H., 759 Jennings
Form, Morris, 68 Cannon
Forst, Leon, 418 Central Pk., W.
Foster, M. C, 815 West End Av.
Fox, Benj., 72 8th A v.
Fox, Geo. I., 279 7th Av.
Frank, Bernard E., 95 William
Frank, James, 30 E. 42d
Frank, L. J., Beth Israel Hospital
Frank, Louis, 655 Fox
Frankel, Dr. Julius, 191 2d
Frankel, Dr. Lee K., 1 Madison Av.
Frankel, Louis. 165 Broadway
Frankfurter, P., 601 W. 140th
Franklin, Dr. Fabian, 527 W. 110th
Franks, Louis, 174 2d Av.
Frechie, S. M., 430 E. 59th
BYeedman, Adolph, 106 Hester
Freedman, Mrs. B. L., 57 W. 55th
Freiman, L., 309 Broadway
Frenkel. Emll, 8 E. 81st
Freundlich, A., 105 W. 120th
Friedenheit, Arthur, 23 W. 96th
Frledkln, Israel, 77 Bowery
Friedlaender, Dr. I., 531 W. 123d
Friedman, Dr. Adolph, 229 7th
Friedman, D. L., Union Sq. Hotel
Friedman, Dr. E. D., 74 B. 91st
Friedman, Elisha, 102 B. 96th
Friedman, H., 81 Delancey
Friedman, Mrs. H., 526 W. 123d
Friedman, Jacob M^ 309 Broadway
Friedman, L.. 115 Broadway
Friedman, Dr. M., 205 Henry
Friedman, S. A., 132 Nassau, R. 405
Friedman, Sarah R., 495 Hudson
Friedman, Wm., 706 Pairmount PI.
Friesner, A. H., 36 Attornev
Gabriel, S., 74 5th Av.
Gallant, Rabbi A., 328 Beekman
Gallewski, I., 18 W. 27th
Gans, Jos., 243 W. 98th
Gans, L., 333 Central Pk., W.
80
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
481
Gans, Wm. A., 320 B. 79tli
Garfiel, Chps., 20 E. 90th
Garfunkel, A., 146 W. 119th
Garfunkel, J. B., 116 Nassau
Geiger, Chas., 2094 5th Av.
Geisman, Leo, 30 E. 9th
Gersteln, L., 15 E. 16th
Gerstman, B. B., 346 Broadway
Gherther, Dr. M., 50 St. Marks PI.
Gibbs, Hon. L. B., 1057 Hoe Av.
Gimbel, Mrs. I.. 771 Madison Ay.
Ginsberg, A., 36 B. Broadway
Ginsberg, Barnet, 1680 Clay Av.
Ginsberg. Edith, 668 Union Av.
Ginsburg, Dr. A. R., 807 E. 180th
Ginsburg, Max, 138 W. 113th
Ginthen, Dr. H., Garity Theatre
Ginzberg, Dr. L.. 668 W. 149th
Gisnet, Morris, 299 Broadway
Gladstone, D. I., 61 W. 114th
Glass, Dr. J., 67 2d Av.
Glasser. H., 107 Franklin
Glick, B., 454 Riverside Drive
Glicksman, IT. L , 717 Kelly
Gold, Jos., 1 VV. llhth
Goldberg, — , 1520 Syabiiry Vl.
Goldberg, A., 815 Cnuhlwell Av.
Goldberg, BenJ., Id E3. 103d
Goldberg, Dr. H., 171 Broome
Goldberg, H. M., 500 W. 110th
Goldberg, Dr, H^nry, 255 2d
Goldberg, I.^ 2039 Ilu^hpg Av.
Goldberg, Dr J . 20f:s BrlgKa A v.
Goldberg, M., 2ri(> Uivftii^ton
Goldberg, Mnx. m K. li^,"M
Goldberg, S., 402 niand
Goldberg, S,. :^13 K. Flaurtton
Goldberg, S. W.. ^^►lO W. !>9th
Goldberg, Tiiiie, 806 E. 6th
Goldberger, Pannie T., 985 Fox
Golde, Morris, 35 W. 87th
Goldfarb, H., 2100 Mapes Av.
Goldfarb, P., 302 Broadway
Goldfarb, S. B., 89 Sheriff
Goldin, Hyman, 299 Broadway
Goldman, Dr. A., 1446 Prospect Av.
Goldman, Dr. Chas., 128 Henry
Goldman, L. A., 228 7th
Goldman, Wm., 58 E. 83d
Goldsmith, A., 33 Gold
Goldsmith, M.. 783 Madison Av.
Goldstein, C. J., 47 W. 114th
Goldstein, E., 345 B. 3d
Goldstein, H. S.. 299 Broadway
Goldstein, I., 261 W. 112th
Goldstein, J. J., 366 Broadway
Goldstein, Jacob, 44 W. 114th
Goldstein, Jos., 814 Ritter PI.
Goldstein, L. E., 134 Cannon
Goldstein, R., 666 Fox
Goldwasser, I. E., 141 W. 111th
Goldwater, Dr. A. L., 141 W. 12l8t New York
Goldwater, Dr. S. S., Bd. of Health
Goldzier. Morris. 667 Broadway
Gollubier. M., 906 Bryant A v.
Golobe, H. B., 1869 Bathgate Av.
Gomoran, E., 228 E. 112th
Goodman, A., & Son, 640 E. 17th
Goodman, Max, 216 E. Houston
Goomnitz, M., 18 B. 113th
Gordon, Mrs. B.. 255 Ft. Wash. Av.
Gordon, David, 952 Leggett Av.
Gordon, H., 214 Rivington
Gordon, H. Z., 531 W. 123d
Gordon, J., 1121 Broadway
Gordon, Louis, 9 Suffolk
Gordon, Milton J., 100 5th Av.
Gordon, Dr. N., 1720 Madison Av.
Gordon, Phineas, 80 2d Av.
Goslar, E., 148 W. 88th
Gottheil, Dr. R., 417 Riverside Drive
Gotthelf, P., 140 W. 79th
Gottschall, Louis, 462 Broadway
Grabelsky, B., 126 W. 117th
Grabenheimer, N.. 2643 Broadway
Granet, Adolph* 66 2d
Grant. Jerome L., 38 Ft. Wash. Av.
Gratsky, Harry, 30 St. Marks PI.
Green, Louis A., 605 W. 118th
Greenberg, E. E., 180 Claremont Av.
Greenberg, Dr. Geza, 63 2d Av.
Greenberg, Louis B., 984 Union Av.
Greenebaum, S., 746 St. Nicholas Av.
Greenhoot, Tessie, 28 W. 127th
Greenhut, J. B., 135 Central Pk., W.
Greenspan, Saml., 1321 Hoe Av.
Greenstein, A., Oppenheim-Collins
Co.
Greenstein, H., 612 Lexington Av.
(Jreif, Louis, 416 Grand
Gribbln, Angel, 262 B. Broadway
Griffin, A. J., 891 Cauldwell Av.
Gross, Max, 515 W. 187th
Grossman, Rabbi J. B., 16 7th
Grossman, M., 1080 Findlay Av.
Grossman, Max, 18 E. 105th
Grossman, Rev. Dr. R., 1347 Lexing-
ton Av.
Grunauer, Reuben, 216 W. 141st
Guggenheim, Wm., 833 6th Av.
Guggenheimer, Mrs. R., 726 Bway.
Guinzburg, Rev. T., 19 W. 69th
Guinzburg, Mrs. V., 21 W. 89th
Gutfreund, Hugo, 406 W. 43d
Gutman, A. L., 26 Broad
Gutman, Ben, 86-44 W. 24th
Gutman, Isaac, 35 W. 110th
Gutman, Louis, 56 E. 93d
Gutman, M., 1070 Madison Av.
Haas, Beatrice, 868 B. 8th
Haber, Louis I., 508 W. Broadway
Hadad, Isaac A., 120 W. 89th
87
Digitized by
Google
482
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New York Htillhelmpr. J.. 210 E. 83d
Han liner. TrfJiils, 81 Orchard
FTandlpfp Miss B.. 28T Henry
Hamller. Daolel 200 Broadway
llfltidler, Harry, 13^ Henry
Httn&ll!n, M, S.< 201 \Z. Broadway
Httfkavy, Dr. S^imL, 193 Broome
Harris. Mrs. A, N., 4 W. 129th
ilerrls, AbrnhatOp IS E. 106th
Harris, Cbsa. B.. isnfi 7th Av.
Harris. D, B., 229 Bowery
Harris, Jacob M., BO 5 Grant A v.
Harris. M., 300 W. 4nih
Harris. R&v, Dr. M. M., 254 W. 103d
Hart, Mrfi. Julius, 1 W, 85th
Hartman, Cbaa., 24 New Chamber
Hauswirtb. Dn L., 21:! 6 W. 113th
Ilazay, Dr. M, H-, 274 B. 10th
Hebrew Actors Club, 108 2d Av.
Hebrew Orphan Asylum, 1560 Am-
sterdam Ay.
Hecht, Chas.. 35 Wall
Hecht, Jacob, 46 Walker
Heimlich, Dr. M. M., 2 Av. C
Hein, Mrs. H., 2 W. 88th
Helfman, Dr. S., 253 E. Broadway
Heller, Rabbi N., 1023 Longwood Av.
Heller, Nathan, 67 Cannon
Heller, Philip, 27 B. 21st
Hemley, Freak., 115 Broadway
Hendler, Harry, 27 E. 110th
Herbst, Dr. Louis, 323 E. 4th
Herbstman, L., 380 Van SIcklen Av.
Herman, D., 30 Broad
Herman, S., 672 Crotona Pk., S.
Hermes, Esther E., 1787 Madison
Av.
Hflrnshelm, J., 307 W. 106th
Hero Til, Jaccib, 2m W. 97th
Herrmann, B. G., 955 Prospect Av.
Herachfieid, IL N., 622 Broadway
Herahfleld, L. N., 11 Broadway
Hersh field, T^vl fi24 Broadway
nprts5, BmarinrU 400 W. 150th
Hery-bi^rp^, A. O., <380 St. Nicholas
AV.
Horzog, Jos., 314 W. 99th
Herzog, S. A.. 299 Madison Av.
Hess, Ferd., 65 Duane
Heymsfeld, N. A., 1477 Wash. Av.
Hlmowlch, Dr. A. A., 1913 Madison
Av.
Hlmowlch, Nathan, 35 W. 110th
Hlrsch, Herman, 892 Broadway
Hirsch, Mrs. I., 105 B. 106th
Hlrsch, Jos., 676 Broadway
Hlrsch, M. J., 160 Broadway
Hirsch, Paul, 15 Whitehall
Hirschberg, B., 450 B. 139th
Hlrsh, Adolph, 161 W. 76th
Hochman, f„ 2127 8d Av.
Hochstadter, Mrs. A. F., 313 W. 7l8t
Hochstadter, S.. 227 Front
Hoexter, Jos., 257 4th Av.
Hoffman, TToq. B.. 271 E. 7th
}fo!zmaD, HenJ. M., 26 Exchange PI.
Horif.r, U-o L.. 54 E. ]22d
llmKhn. Nivthan. 26 E. 118th
Hoppenfrlil, Harry, 907 S. Boulevard
Htirowitz, n . Li05 Av, B
Ilorpwitas, Hev. E., 12 W. 117th
Horowitz, L., 40 Av. C
Horowitz, M. B., G61 Broadway
TTorouir;^. Marks, 5flO W. 165th
Hnrwirz. A., li*l W. I lath
llorwitz, Julius, 957 Aldus
Horwltz, Lewis, 1488 5th Av.
Horwitz, Solomon, HE. 17th
Housman, C. J., 20 Broad
Htthner, Leon, 320 Central Pk., W
Ilurwltz, Julius, 45 W. 112th
Hurwltz, Saml., 80 E. 115th
TTatkoflT, Isaac, 398 Washluprton
lljnian, J., 52 E. H>tli
Hyman, J. S., 2^+7 <- ntriil l^k., W.
Ilyinjui. Jos,t 639 Eaiirle A v.
Hvmjui, K. E., 218 W. 26th
IkV^lbelmor. EmanufK IIT E. 56th
lllowny. Dr. H., 1113 Madlsoti A v.
J*;aacB, David L., 1SS5 Jniif*>rd IM.
Isafics, Lewis M„ 52 Will lam
Jp^flBcs, Mcrvln. 10 W. 116th
Isaacs, H.. S06 W. Ofltli
Isaacs, Stanley M., 1100 Park Av.
Ish Kishor. .T., 44 B. 23i3
Niiiiin, Ft'llx, 2i^3 M«t!i?i<iR A v.
Isi!i(-lsun, hT. r^., 420 W^iiflover A v.
.laclioSf Kf^v. P.. 56 Ijenot A v.
.Isimhs, L J.. 192 Lffdo3C At.
.lacobji. I. W.. 2m \\\ riiih
.lacobs. Dr. Jonas, 145 W. »2d
Jacobs. Ralph .L, 37 W. 70th
Jacobs, S. A. S., 4 E. 108th
.Jacobs, Dr. S. M., 1187 Boston Rd.
.Tacobson, Hyman, 145 W. 123d
Jacobson, Rev. E., 520 W. 175th
Jacobson, J. G., 61 Hamilton PI.
Jacobson, L. B., 1388 Clinton Av.
Jacobson, Max, 245 B. 18th
Jacobson, Dr. N. B., 1044 Findlaj
Av.
Jacobson, Rev. S., 501 W. 12l8t
Jacoby, Hyman, 600 W. 165th
Jaffe, B.. 243 E. 105th
Jaffe, Isidore, 265 B. Broadway
Jaffe, Joshua L., 1326 5th Av.
Jaffe, Moses, 309 Broadway
Jals, J. D., Hotel Lucerne, 201 W.
79th
Jarcho, J., 449 Saratoga Av.
Jarmulowsky, L., 160 W. 87th
Jeshurun, Dr. Geo., 207 Clinton
88
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
483
Jewish Agricultural & Aid Society,
174 2d Av.
Jewish Theological Seminary, 531
W. 123d
Joffe, Prof. Joshua A., 530 W. 123d
Joseph, I. J., 1421 Madison Av.
Joseph, L., 135 Broadway
Josepbson, J., 214 Forsyth
Judaic Society, 80 E. 116th
Junior league of Cong. Ansche
Chesed. 76 W. 114th
Kadish, S. .T., 109 E. 109th
Kahan, M. J., 2 Av. A
Kahn. H., 2112 Honeywell Av.
Kalf, Dr. David, 200 W. 113th
Kalich, Bertha, 60 E. 42d
Kalisky, A., 214 Audubon Av.
Kanrich, Saml., 200 W. 111th
Kantrowltz, J., 791 Lexington Av.
Kaplan, Dr. A. P., 49 E. 7th
Kaplan, Emanuel, 122 E. 82d
Kaplan, Dr. Ira I., 103 E. 86th
Kaplan, M., 1001 Pindlay Av.
Kaplan, Rev. M. M., 120 E. 93d
Karnof, Otto, 819 E. 166th
Kasdan, Solomon, 4 E. 110th
Kasnowitz, E., 291 Pearl
Kastor. Sigmund, 109 Duane
Katz, Jos. P., 160 Pulaski
Katz, Rev. M., 107 W. 114th
Katz, Mark J., 249 E. 68th
Fatz, Saml., 1019 E. 167th
Katz, Simon H., 303 E. 34th
Katzenelenbogen, J., 50 Eldridge
Kaufman, BenJ^ 205 Division
Kaufman, Edwin, 981 Park Av.
Kaufman, H. M., 316 W. 101st
Kaufman, Dr. I. E.. 356 W. 145th
Kaufman. Julius, 1800 7th A v.
Kaufman, Lewis. 1600 Madison Av.
Kehlman, Leopold, 330 E. 43d
Keller, Dr. H., 207 W. 110th
Kessner, H., 410 W. Broadway
Kirk, Fredk. E., 950 E. 180th
Kirschberg, Ellas, 419 W. 129th
Klein, B. L., 291 E. 4th
Klein, Dr. D., 137th & Amsterdam
Av.
Klein, D. E., 81st & East End Av.
Klein, J. S., 3208 3d Av.
Klein, Simon, 308 E. Houston
Klepper, Leah, 12 E. 107th
Klepper, S. J., 867 Whltlock Av.
Kliatshio, Dr. H. G.. 232 Henry
Kligler, I., 824 E. 165th
Kling, Dr. Jehiel, 1753 Bathgate Av.
Klinkonstein, M., 266 Grand
Klugman, Julius, 328 E. 50th
Knopf, Saml., 220 W. 42d
Kock, Abraham, 68 Lenox Av.
Koffler, S., 1201 Gilberg PI.
17
Kohan, Jos. H., 309 Broadway wp-- York
Kohler, Max J., 52 William ^^^
Kohn, Rabbi J., 20 W. 107th
Kohn, .L H., 309 Broadway
Kohn, Sol., 7 E. 93d
Kohut, G. A., 254th & Independence
Av.
Kolodoly, Louis, 224 Delancey
Konigsteln, Dr. M., 33 Av. C
Konovitz, Leah M., 394 E. Houston
Koock, Anna L, 54 St. Nicholas Av.
Kopald, S., 700 Morris Pk. Av.
Kopelman, B. E., 98 Essex
Kopllk, Chas. M., 101 Park Row
Kopolsky, Harry, 307 6th
Kopolsky, Wm., 174 Essex
Kom, I. S., 31 Nassau
Korn, Isidore S., 27 W. 42d
Kornfleld, A., 1840 Washington Av.
Kossakow, F., 811 Rltter PI.
Kosiver, A. H., 1479 Washington Av.
Kraft, Nathan, 214 W. 116th
Krakower, Dr. T. B., Ill W. 119th
Kramer, Harry, 7 E. 109th
Kraushaar. Meyer, 51 Chambers
Kreeger, M.. 116 E. 111th
Kreisberg, Dr. B., 274 B. 10th
Krendel, Morris, 343 Grand
Kress, A. D., 2184 5th Av.
Krimke, Dr. M., 1704 Lexington Av.
Kroll, Herman, 101 W. 115th
Kronsteln, Isadore, 119 Pitt
Kross, Max, 82 E. 110th
Kruger, Albert, 302 E. Broadway
Kruger, N. B., 70 E. 114th
Krulewitch, B., 2010 7th Av.
Krulewitch, Harry, 416 W. 122d
Krumbein. A., 55 Delancey
Kruskal, Dr. N., 329 Grand
Kugel, Simon H., 170 Broadway
Kuhn, August, 141 Broadway
Kurzman, Chas., 514 W. 114th
Kurzman, S. P., 25 Broad
Labovich, I.. 44 1st Av.
Ladinski, Dr. L. J., 1289 Madison
Av.
Laemmle, Carl. 417 Riverside Drive
Lamport, A. M., 790 Riverside Drive
Lamport, Sol.. 600 W. 165th
Landa, Dr. M. G., 281 E. Broadway
Landau, Adolph B., 611 W. 14th
Landau, Dr. M., 200 E. 79th
Lande, Louis, 290 Broadway
Landsberg, Alex., 148 Duane
Landsman, S., 1380 Prospect Av.
Landsman, Dr. S. M.. 220 E. 19th
Langer, Hajnalka, 163 E. 87th
Lasky, Saml. D., 206 W. 106th
Lebendiger, J., 155 Orchard
Leff, Nathan, 5 E. 35th
Lefkowitz, J. L., 544 Bedford Av.
89
Digitized by
Google
484
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New York Lehr, I. A., 151 B. Broadway
Leibovltz, Abraham. 75 Leonard
Lelbowltz, E. J.. 645 West End Av.
Leibowltz, J., 20 E. 17th
Leichter, A., 510 W. 180th
Lelght, H., 1878 Lexington Av.
Leiner, Dr. J. H., 404 Claremont
Parkway
Lelpzlger, Dr. H. M., 35 W. 96th
Leraowitz, Nathan, 28 W. 113th
Lenitz, Herman, 99 Nassau
Leno, Don, 143 W. 42d
Lenten, Abraham, 478 Park Av.
Leonson, Lillian, 10 E. 97th
Leopold, Dr. S. S.. 790 Dawson
^ Lerner, Hanna, 260 Henry
Lerner, Leo, 80 2d Av.
Lerner, Dr. Louis, 151 Suffolk
Lesser, Henry, 100 W. 121st
Levant, Dr. Harry L., 227 Henry
Levene, Dr. S. A., 56 W. 112 th
Levensohn, Lotta, 227 W. 112th
Levenson, Jos., 243 Canal
I-ieventhal, Arthur. 51 Chambers
Tveventhal, W., 170 W. 121st
Levi, Edw., 1845 7th Av.
Levi, M., 224 E. 68th
Levin, Harry, 167 E. Broadway
Levlne, A., 161 B. 106th
Levlne, Dr. B. M., 143 Madison Av.
Levine, Chas., 942 St. John Av.
Ijevlne, Edmund J.. 55 5th Av.
Levlne, Jacob B., 830 B. 163d
Irvine, Rabbi M., 1915 Daly Av.
r.evlnson, Chas., Ansonla Hotel
Levlnson, Rev. M., 1047 Stebbins Av.
Levlnson, Morris, 98 Canal
Levlson, Isaac, 40 W. 120th
I^vitt. Boris, 967 Aldus
Levy, Aai •» Wm., 60 Wall
T^vy. Benj.. 4s n. Broadway
Lew, David N., *J0 E. lllth
r^vy. E.. 21-23 Waverly F'l.
Levy, Frank. 9 E. Broadway
I^vy, I. N., 216 W. 141st
Levy, Jos., 18 W. 115th
Levy, .Tullus, 470 Convent Av.
Levy, Meyer, 1221 TInton
Lewi, Isldor. N. Y. Tribune
Lewln, Max, 59 E. Broadway
Lewln-Epstein. E. W.. 309 E. 22d
Lewlne, P., 116 E. 78th
Lewlnson, Bonno, 119 Nassau
Lewis, B. B.. 41 Union Sq.
Lewlsohn, Adolph, 61 Broadway
Lewitter, Dr. A., 309 E. 4th
Lhowe, Harold P., 91 Ft. Wash. Av.
Llcht, Herman S.. 140 W. 116th
Lichtenstein, B., 1990 7th Av.
Lichtensteln. Moses, 601 W. 160th
I4el>erman, Dr. JjeOf 120 W. 117th
Llebowitz, Harry, 782 West End Av.
Limon, Rev. Joel, 1571 Fulton Av.
Llnd, Alfred D.. 71 B. 96th
Llnder, D^19 W. 112th
Lindner, Walter, 176 Broadway
Llppe, Chas., 3 W. 128th
Llppman, M. G., 1302 Flndlay Av.
Llpschutz, Moses. 78 Lafayette
Llssman, Rev. Edw.. 1887 7th Av.
Llttenberg. Dr. S. T., 945 B. 163d
Littman, S., 243 W. 46th
Loeb, James, 52 William
Loeb, Dr. M., 1410 Wllklns Av.
Loewy, Benno. 22 W. 88th
London, Meyer, 273 B. Broadway
Looker, J., 948 Fox
Lorsch, Fannie, 266 Lenox Av.
Louchhelm, W. C, 61 Broadway
Louis, Mrs. M. D.. 9 Livingston PL
Lowenstein, S., 1560 Amsterdam A v.
Lowinson, Oscar, 5 W. 91st
Lubarsky, A. E., 401 W. 118th
Lubell, A. D., 850 E. 161st
Lubetkin, Herman. 38 Park Row
Lubetkin, Mrs. Max. Ill B. 96th
Ludwig, Bessie, 1771 Madison Av.
Lukashok. S., 1397 Stebbins Av.
Lurie, I. J., 309 E. 5th
Lustgarten, Wm.. 68 William
Lyons, J. J., 76 William
Mack, Harry, 208 E. 62d
Mack, Hugo S., 7 Beekman
Magnes, Rev. Dr. J. L., 23 Sutton PL
Malmin, H., 64 University PI.
Malkan. H.. 524 Riverside Drive
Mandlebaum, Dr. F. S., 1300 Madi-
son Av.
Mandlekern, I.. 892 Prosoect Av.
Manhelmer, Sellgman, 212 B. 60th
Mankowitz. L, 149 W. 33d
Mann. Saml., 1121 Forest Av.
Mannhelmer, Rev. Leo, 308 W. 82d
Marcus, Ben.. 1493 5th A v.
Marcus, S.. 1187 T^xtngton Av.
Margolles, Rabbi M. S., 1225 Madi-
son Av.
Margolls. Harry J.. 169 Rivington
Margolls, J., 906 Simpson
Margolls. L., 160 W. 142d
Margolls, Louis. 1407 5th Av.
Margulles, Morris, 59 E. 9th
Margulls. A., 226 Ttroome
Marlon. Saml., 52 Broadway
Markoff, Abraham. 309 E. 12<>th
Marks, Dr. D.. 50 E. 119th
Martin, Simon, 460 W. 147th
Marx, Dr. A.. 100 Morningslde Drive
Marx, J. L., 545 W. lllth
Ma til n, Abraham. 949 Tiffany
Matthews, Saml. P., 000 W. 138tb
90
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
485
Mayer, Dr. A., 40 B. 60th
Mayer, Hon. J. M., 495 West Epd
Mayers, Jacob, 73 B. 92d
Meadow, Jacob, 303 5th Av.
Meadow, S., 51 B. 9l8t
Mehlman, Dr. I. D., 81 Clinton
Meltsner, Chas., 909 Kelly
Meltzer, Dr. S. J., 13 W. 12l8t
Mendelsohn, M., 43 Leonard
Mendes, Rev. Dr. F. de Sola, 154 W.
82d
Mendes, Rev. Dr. H. P., 106 Central
Pk., W.
Mendoza, Isaac. 17 Ann
Menkes, C, 2365 S. 7th Av.
Menllne, E., 200 W. 112th
Meyer, H. D., 139 W. 86th
Meyer, Mrs. U, Central Pk., W., &
89th
Meyer, Saml.,»502 W. 149th
Mevrich, Ell, 30 University PI.
Michaells, Arnold, 120 W. 86th
MichUn. Dr. S. G., 531 W. 143d
Michnoff, Leopold, 111 B. Broadway
Miller, A. S., 1126 Union Av.
Miller, C. A., 657 Cauldwell Av.
Miller, Dr. Louis, 76 Rlvlngton
Miller, M. B., 32 Momlngside Av.
Miller, N. J., 437 West End Av.
Miller, Simon, 140 W. 79th
Mindlln, H., 640 Riverside Drive
Minkow. S., 1528 Charlotte
Mintz, Oscar, 598 B. 143d
Mishkin, Victor, 29 W. 119th
Mittelman, Dr. J. H., 116 Columbia
Monfrled, Max, 1057 Hoe Av.
Morals, Rev. H. S.. 137 W. 115th
Morell, I., 917 Whltlock Av.
Morell, N., 113 Bleecker
Morgensteln, D.. 26 W. 17th
Momingstar, Jos.. Woolworth Bldg.
Morris, G., 1412 Wilkins Av.
Morrow. Jos^ 5 W 4th
Moses, Rev. Dr. I. S., 219 W. 81st
Mosesson, Dr. S.. 16 E. 120th
Moshkovltz, Dr. Z., 296 B. 3d
Moskowltz, Mrs. G. L., 147 E. 38th
Moskowitz, I., 1098 Jackson Av.
Munves, P., Wash. Av. & 167th
Nacht, Frederick, 45 Beekman
Nacht, J., 3681 Broadway
Nahemow, Louis, 299 Broadway
Nathan, Mrs. F., 162 W. 86th
Nathan, Slgmund, 71 Nassau
Neilinger. Louis, 28 W. 22d
Nelson, Abr., 314 W. 100th
Nelson, L. B.. 772 St. Nicholas Av.
Nesin, Geo., 95 Chrystle
Neuburger, Max, 8 E. 94th
Neumark, S. B., 245 W. 113th
Nevins, A., 203 W. 117th New York
New York Public Library, 476 5th
Av.
Newburger, A. H., 100 Broadway
Newburger, L. M., 100 Broadway
Newman, Abr., 1820 Belmont Av.
Newman, Llbby, 121 W. 115th
Newman, Dr. S. L, 263 Henry
Nleto, Rev. A. H., 265 W. 129th
Norden, Jos., 450 Riverside Drive
Nowak, Rev. Abr.. 24 W. 113th
Nusbaum, Myer, 51 Chambers
Oettlnger, B. J., 121 St. Nicholas
Av.
Ollendorf, I.. 135 W. 119th
Oppenhelm, Wm., 1057 Hoe Av.
Orlans. Nathan, 9^ Essex
Orlansky, Miss O., 112 B. 117th
Ornstein, Abraham, 510 W. 140th
Oshlag, Dr. I., 39 St. Marks PI.
Oshlag, Dr. J., 1060 Madison Av.
Osserman, Simon E., 1231 Park A v.
Paley, H., 822 B. 163d
Palitz, Bernard A., 80 Maiden Lane
Palltz, C. Y., 135 Broadway
Palitz, G. J.. 302 Stanton
Panitz, J., 22 W. 114 th
Panken, Jacob, 5 Beekman
Parker, Maurice, 1845 7th Av.
Parody, Mrs. A. J., 538 W. 179th
Pnsinsky. n. ^09 W. 118th
Past«?rfjpiCik, Jh>s, A.. 8^0 Fo%
Pf'iirlfitpin, T^iiis. 25 W. ,^lflt
Perrlmnn, TlnymanH 2 TO Stanton
!'i rln, Marrlg. 1620 MadiBon
Ti rlmnn. Jrax, 55 Liberty
rprl stein, RL S., 25 R. 124 tb
i'erifitelTi, P,, 5f>2 Riverside Drive
Permlfiohn, Vlsla. 1^2 Delfii^cey
PevBPr, Q. B.. IMO tth A v.
PhlHIpa, rr. L, 2147 rroiipywell Av.*
Phi] Tips, Maic, 801 Wcs=^t End A v.
rintjnTfs. Jnrob, im E. lOfJth
F- ^^ IT T r/j W. lllth
T-i--.;... IS |'.r;. -. ■>|1 W. 136th
Plonsky, Ezeklel, 524 Broadway
Podolsky, D., 17 Av. A
Pollak, Chas. N., 125 B. 47th
Pollack, Reene D.. 50 B. 87th
Pollant. Henry, 719 9th Av.
Poloy, Saml. P., 105 W. 112th
Polsteln, Isaac, 30 E. 42d
Pompan, M. A., 1800 7th Av.
Pool, Rev. Dr. D. de Sola, 102 W.
75th
Posner, L. S., 448 Riverside Drive
Posner, Leo R.. 274 W. 140th
Pouch, A., 29 W. 46th
Prager, A. L., 95 William
Prager, Wm., 149 Broadway
Prashker, L., 920 Prospect Av.
dl
Digitized by
Google
486
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New YorkPrelss, Ellas, 102 W. 114th
Press, Sara, 206 Eldridge
Pretzfeld, Mrs. E., 170 W. 74tb
Price, Victor, 1801 7th Av.
Pye, Saul M., 549 W. 163d
Rablnovltch, M. A., 1384 Prospect
Av.
Rablnowltz, Aaron, 840 W. Bway.
Rablnowltz, M., 1126 Clinton Av.
Rablnowltz, Dr. M., 243 E. Bway.
Rablnowltz, S. S., 1469 Webster Av.
Radln, Dr. M., 530 W. 157th
Radln, Dr. M. L.. 155 W. 117th
Raffman, F. E., 1222 Southern Blvd.
Ralces, Harry, 980 E. 179th
Raphael, Mrs. E. R., 271 Central
Pk., W.
Rasch, Simon, 551 W. 178th
Ratner, Aaron, 325 E. 103d
Ratner, Dr. L., 1536 Madison Av.
Reich, L. R., 170 W. 141st
Reich, Leo, 512 E. 146th
Relchler, Rabbi M., 1012 Simpson
Reinthaler, Dr. J. E., 62 E. 81st
Rels, B., 2147 Washington Av.
Rels, Benedict, 68 Lenox Av.
Relter, J. H., 9 E. 97th
Relkln. II., 850 E. 161st
Relkln, I., 1005 Hoe Av.
Replansky, Mrs. S. F. G., 1442 Char-
lotte
Retzker, Michael, 101 W. 106th
Reubensteln, R., 9 E. 87th
Rice, Henry, Hotel Savoy
Rich, B., 25 St. Nicholas Av.
Richards, B. G., 108 2d A v.
Rlchman, Rabbi .1., 46 Canal
Rlchter, Bruno, 17 E. 92d
Rlchter, Max, 22 B. 94th
Riglander, J. W., 49 Maiden Lane
•Rlnderman, H., 1031 S. Boulevard
Rltter, Dr. I., 61 St. Marks PI.
Robblns, B. R., 1 W. 101st
Robert, Saml., 906 Park Av.
Robins, Dr. David, 152 Henry
Roblnsohn, Dr. D., 245 B. Bway.
Robinson, Bernard, 69 B. 93d
Roblson, I., 20 W. 22d
Roblson, S. G., 550 Riverside Drive
Rodef Shalom Religious School, Jos.
Kahn, Treas., 573 Broadway
Rodgers, Dr. W. A.. 161 W. 86th
Rogers, G. A., 800 Riverside Drive
Rogers, Mrs. H., 600 W. 140th
Rogers, M. H., 790 Riverside Drive
Roggen, H., 320 Central Pk., W.
Roggen, S., 1326 Madison Av.
Rogoff, H., 175 E. Broadway
RoTnlck, A., 1225 Boston Rd.
Rongy, Dr. A. J., 154 Henry
Rosansky, J. H., 72 W. 114th
Rose, Mrs. S. W.. 1 W. 94th
Rosen, A., 547 lOth Av.
Rosen, A. H., 128 Rivington
Rosen, Ben., Box 236
Rosen, Reuben M.. 676 Beck
Rosenbaum, A., 1429 Prospect Av.
Rosenbaum, A., 566 W. 162d
Rosenbaum, Dr. A. H., 153 Riving-
ton
Rosenbaum, Clara, 953 Prospect Av.
Rosenbaum, Lewis N., 80 Wall
Rosenbaum, M., 11 St. Nicholas Av.
Rosenbaum, Dr. M., 604 E. 6th
Rosenbaum. S. G., 207 W. 24th
Rosenberg, A., 43 W. 110th
Rosenberg, A. J., 969 Simpson
Rosenberg, Isidore, 216 E. Houston
Rosenberg, J.. 1129 Tin ton A v.
Rosenblatt, Mrs. B. A., 106 Moming-
slde Drive
Rosenblume. Dr. J., 38. Suffolk
Rosenfeld, B., 22 W, 59th
Rosenfeld, Geo., 307 W. 79th
Rosenfeld, Jessie, 119 W. 87th
Rosengarten, I., 10,59 Lexington Av.
Rosensohn, S. J., 26 Liberty
Rosenstaam, S. S.. 345 W. 84th
Rosenstell, M., 130 W. 25th
Rosenstein, W. J., 3647 Broadway
Rosenstock, Fannie, 57 E. 96th
Rosenthal, H., 285 Central Pk., W.
Rosenthal, .T., 969 H'^e Av.
Rosenthal, M.. 171 E. Broadway
Rosenthal, Dr. M., 100 W. 12l8t
Rosenthal, Stephen B., 2 Rector
Rosenwasser, H., 322 W. 100th
Rosenwasser, M., 467 Broadway
Roth, Dr. Henry, 409 E. 140th
Roth, Ignatz, 102 W. 12l8t
Rothenberg, H., 172 Water
Rothenberg, M., 1297 Lexington Av.
Rothenberg, Morris. 5 Beekman
Rothkowltz, H. B., 66 Mott
Rothschild, H. V., 212 E. 51st
Rothstein, A. E., 93 University PI.
Rottenberg, Dr. I. M., 105 W. 118th
Rouse, Calmann, Est. of, 265 6th
Av.
Rozoff, Dr. H., Ill Av. B
Rubin, A. M., 19 W. 34th
Rubin, Edw., 22 E. 93d
Rubin, J. H., 150 E. 81st
Rubin, M. H., 315 Central Pk., W.
Rubin, Dr. S., 287 B. 4th
RubinofC, N., 1337 Wllklns Av.
Rublnsky, H. A., 17 E. 95th
Rubinstein, H., 292 Brook Av.
Ruskay, Cecil B.. 949 Broadway
Sabsovich, Mrs. C, 140 W. 111th
Sachs, Moses A., 143 W. 140th
Sachs, Saml., 160 E. Broadway
02
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
487
Sack, Philip, 108 E. 111th
Sackheim^ Max B.. 545 W. 164th
Sackier, Henry I., 122 Suffolk
Sadowsky, R., 801 Broadway
Saenger, S., 452 Ft. Wash. Av.
Sakolski, A. M., 422 W. 122d
Salem, Morris, 208 E. Broadway
Salginer. J., 2789 Bway.
Saltzman, Henry S.. 66 Essex
Salzman, A., 134 W. 112th
Samich. Albert, 213 W. 111th
Samodovitz, S., 757 Trinity Av.
Sampter, Morris, 322 W. 76th
Samuel, Philip, 261 Broadway
Samuels, H., 33 W. 34th
Sanders, Maurice, 237 W. 49th
Sandler, Bernard H., 15 W. 107th
Sandusky, Isaac, 45 Henry
Saque, M., 535 W. 111th
Sarahson, Frieda, 187 E. Broadway
Saruya. Abr. L., 171 E. 81st
Sass, Samuel. 17 Livingston PI.
Satenstein. L., 452 Riverside Drive
Schaap, Michael, 1855 7th Av.
Schachne, Louis, 163 E. 94th
Schack, S. M., 212 E. Broadway
Schaffer, B.. 1068 Simpson
Schafran. B., 251 W. 98th
Schapiro, N. M., 85 Henry
Schechter. ^r. S., 468 Riverside
Drive
Schektman, Dr. II. N.. 883 Jennings
Scheinhorn. D., 178 Rivington
Schenker, Saul, 13 Allen
Schildkraut, II., 253 Madison
Schiller, H., 119 W. 24th
Schiller, M., 119 W. 24th
Schilt, Mrs. L, 329 W. 101st
Schlager, Rev. S.. 1197 Boston Rd.
Schlang, H., 151 W. 26th
Schlanskv, Dr. II.. 102 Madison
Schloss, Henry, 600 W. 113th
Schmukler, P., 1427 Madison Av.
Schneiderman, H.. 942 Av. 8t. John
Schnider, S. A., 531 W. 143d
Schoenbaum, Dr. G. L., 850 Long-
wood Av.
Schoenberg, J., 1019 Longwood Av.
Schoenbrun. Rev. M., 921 Dawson
Schomer. A. S., 120 W. 129th
Schottenfels, Sara, 59 W. 92d
Schreiber, B. F., 366 Broadway
Schulman, Rev. Saml., 55 E. 92d
Schumacher, J., 779 Drfwson
Schumer, Dr. B., 85 Delancey
Schumer, Dr. H., 770 Hewitt PI.
Schwartz, Chas., 123 E. 94th
Schwartz, D. L, 220 Broadway
Schwartz, Emanuel, 1013 Falle St.
Schwartz, H., 1118 Forest Av.
Schwartz, Louis J., 309 E. 4th
Schwartjz, M., 104 Reade
Schwartz & Co., M., 53 W. 24th
Schwartz, Paul, 104 Reade
Schwartzberg. S.. 600 E. 169th
Schwarzschlld, S., 155 Riverside
Drive
Seasongood, C, 32 Nassau
Seckle, Harry, 842 Broadway
Seelav, Robert, 1 Liberty
Segal, H. R., 142 W. 113th
Segal, M., 634 E. 183d
Selnfel, S., 1639 Mt. Hope Av.
Selser, Dr. D. M., 66 l»itt
Selig, A. L., 114 E. 23d
Seligman, Albert, 124 E. 80th
Seligsberg, Alice L.. 549 W. 113th
Selinger, Simon, 165 E. Broadway
Semel, Bernard, 201 W. 111th
Shaff, Carl, 134 W. 37th
Shaine, M. L., 350 Broadway
Shapiro, Ben., 545 W. 158th
Shapiro, L. M., 720 Riverside Drive
Shapiro, Solomon, 98 Canal
Sharenson, R., 453 E. 175th
Sheiffer, Dr. Saul, 32 Pike
Shetles, Dr. B. E^2 W. 118th
Shevitz, H., 220 W. 98th
Shiffman, Louis, 55 E. 107th
Shiman, David, 545 W. 111th
Shiman, Nathan, 603 W. 111th
Shlpman, Rev. H.. 3 E. 45th
Shohet, D. M., 203 W. 119th
Shohan, Dr. Jos., 16 E. 97th
Short, Dr. D., 1549 Madison Av.
Shufro, J. J., 1391 Stebbins Av.
Shuhman, Dr. A., 78 Irving PI.
Sidenberg, R., 157 W. 57th
Siegel, M. A., 960 Stebbins Av.
Sigmund, S., 148 W. 111th
Silberberg, A. A., 258 Broadway
Silk, Ben., 88 E. 111th
Silver, Max, 1528 Charlotte
Silverman, Rev. Dr. J., 45 E. 75th
Simberg. A., 1427 Crotona Park, E.
Simon, Isidore, 43 Henry
Simon, Jos. L., 4 W. 116th
Singer, I^uis, 8 Rutgers
Singer, M., 38 W. 26fh
Singer, N., 60 St. Nicholas Av.
Singer, S. A., 24 University PI.
Sisklnd. M., 618 E. 140th
Siskind, M. M., 427 St. Ann Av.
Slater, J. P., 750 Beck
Slatzln, Fannie, 58 E. 115th
Slavin, M. A., 57 E. Broadway
Sloat, 950 Av. St. John
Sloane, N. I., 545 W. 158th
Slobodien, J., 207 Greene
Slobodin, H. L, 302 Broadway
Slonim, J., 153 E. Broadway
Slutske, Wra., 205 W. 54th
New York
93
Digitized by
Google
488
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New York Smernoff, Dr. A., 601 W. 177th
Smlgel, S., 90 Madison
Sobel, Saml., 320 Broadway
Sohn, Dr. David, 1283 Madison Av.
Sokolski, A., 801 West End Ay.
Soils, ElTira N., 127 W. 74th
Solomon, Rev. E. U, 620 E. 168th
Solomon, Henry, S8 E. 65th
Solomon, Hyman, 370 E. 4th
Solomon, Rose, 318 E. 8th
Solomon, S., 75 Columbia
Solomon, W., 823 Hunts Point Av.
Solomon. Wm., 8 W. 117th
Sommerield, Rose, 225 E. 63d
Sonn, Louis, 51 Chambers
Sossnitz, Dr. I., 1796 Bathgate A v.
P^__._.^ ^r. Ben.. 177 KhlTi-.'!Mn
^ = ...., J.. GM W: .- ..- ■:- inlve
tSlM cTrjr, Jus., 241 K> t^^SnUi
Spej€r, Jaineo, 105S Ttth At,
Splceliandler, A.. 15 W, 18th
SpJcgd, Rev. A., 1 W. 110th
Spiegelberg, F., 30 W. TGtfa
Spipgelberg, 1, N.j 42 Brofidwiiy
Spi(!lLi^rg, Mrs. It, «4 E 7th
Biile3man, M., 09 Ub ambers
Spiuvur. Dr. J., 119 I'ltt
SplvacKe, C. Am V:m B, Broadway
Sparer. KdJth, 5& VT. 11 5th
Spray regent J-. 4<10 Grand
StJiadcr, I. .1., 14 SS Bryant
Stark, Dr. U M.. lOG E. SlBt
Stiirr, H,» 4«1S Hlyt^rsidc Drive
Startz, Dr. L., lOQ IC. 3d
Stfltslnffer, S., 1524 Sea bury PL
Stickler, David. 1*^5 Broadway
St Gin, A. K,, (ilO BvvR^m A v.
St«In. Mrs. Lt?o, 37 W. !?Otb
Stfln, Morton, 514 W, 122^1
Steinberg, Dr. Henry, 22C E. 10th
Steltiber^t TJr. SfttnL, 423 E* 6th
Ste!Der» Joa,. 115 W. 30th
Stelner, TUlle, 28 W. 127 tli
fttelnhardt, J. 11., ,^10 W, 103d
Mt*»rmaii, Sol., 71 E. I09th
Stirn, A., S2 E. Gist
Stern, H. A., 400 W. 150th
Stern, Louis, 464 Riverside Drive
Stern, Meyer, 325 E. 50th
Stern, N. B., 50 W. 54th
Stone, N. H., 3089 Broadway
Straus, Hon. A. D., 20 E. 76th
Straus, Ben., 562 W. 113th
Straus, J. I., c/o R. H. Macy & Co.
Strauss, Mrs. M., 401 West End A v.
Strauss, Nathan, 128 E. 80th
Strauss, Dr. S., 440 West End Av.
Stremsky, I., 32 E. 9th
Stroock, Mrs. M. J., 30 Broad
Strulowitz, Max, 365 6th Av.
Suchoff, Libbie, 19 W. 112th
Sugerman, Jos., 521 E. 138th
Sulzberger, Leo, 354 4th Av.
Sulzberger, Myron, 38 Park Row
Sulzberger, Sol., 77 E. 89th
Sum, Dr. Wm. N., 1454 Wash. Av.
Sundelson, Ray Wllner, 120 Bway.
Suskind, Harris, 480 E. 141st
Susman, Louis, 53 Park Row
Swaab, Jr., Mrs. M., 88 Central Pk.,
W.
Syawitz, Ben., 265 Madison
Szold, Henrietta, 528 W. 123d
Tannenbaum, A., 146th & 7th Av.
Tannenbaum, Dr. J., 235 W. 113tb
Tanner, H. B., 974 Aldus
Teller, Morris, 531 W. 123d
Tennant, John A., 103 Park Av.
Tepper, Dr. B., 753 Lexington Av.
Theaman, Dr. H., 142 Rivington
Tim, Mrs. Louis, 16 W. 74th
Tintner, Rev. Dr. B. A., 100 W.
119th
Tishman, J., 838 West End Av.
Tombacher, L, 224 Centre
Travins, Jacob, 133 E. 117th
Treuhold, Morris, 600 W. 163d
Trochman, Morris, 863 Beck
Trochman, N., 1287 Franklin Av.
Tropp, Dr. H., 1703 Madison A v.
Trotzky, Pearl, 178 E. 7th
Tunick, Dr. S. S.. 19 Montgomery
Turberg, P., 206 Centre
Tushnett, M. M., 49 Maiden Lane
Ufland. Abraham, 545 W. 111th
Uhr, Philip E.. 132 Nassau
Ulanov, N. A., 931 Pox
Unger, Mrs. C. Hecht, 73 E. 90th
United Heb. Community, 203 E.
Broadway
Untermeyer, Chas. I., 140 W. 7l8t
Van Raalte, Z., 4 W. 75th
Van Veen, Joshua, 950 Prospect A v.
Velt, B., 1200 Madison Av.
Vogel, H., 950 Columbus Av.
Vogelstein, L., 36 W. 59th
Wachsman, J. M., 224 W. 14l8t
Wacht, S., 790 Riverside Drive
Wagner, H. B.. 870 Jennings
Waldman, M. D., 356 2d Av.
Walitzky, E., 22 E. 114th
Wallach, M., 257 4th Av.
Walter, Mrs. W. I., 52 Broadway
Warburg, P., 54 Jefferson
Warshaw, A.» 14 Morningslde Av.
Wasservogel, I., 244 E. 86th
Watters, Dr. L. L., 250 W. 94th
Wecksteln, I.. 61 Park Row
Weilerstein, B. R., 50 E. 103d
Weingarten, O., 135 Central Pk., W.
Weinrib, E. C, 846 Kelly
Weinstein, A., 207 E. Broadway
94
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
489
Weinstein, B. M., 68 Lenox Av.
Weinstock, D., 302 Broadway
Welnstock, J., 717 E. 175th
Welsblatt, Isidore, 112 Eldridge
Welsgal, M., 289 Brook Ay.
Weiss, H., 468 Bainbrldge
Weiss, Henry, 627 3d Av.
Weiss, Dr. J., 748 Kelly
Weiss, Nathan H., Beth Israel Hos-
pital
Weiss, S. B., 387 B. 10th
Weiss, Dr. Saml., 73 Ay. D
Weitzner, Emil, 2064 Daly Ay.
Wels, Isldor, 268 7th
Wels, J., 268 E. 7th
Wener, J., 16 E. 96th
Wexler, Irylng, 118 W. 114th
Wexler, M. D., 1779 1st Ay.
Weyl, S. L., 155ft Madison Ay.
Whitelaw, Max, 26 E. 116th
Wiener, Adam, 51 Chambers
Wiener, Adolph, 788 Beck
Wlernik, Peter, 249 E. Broadway
Wildfeuer, A., 87 Ay. B
Wiley, Louis, 55th & 7th Ay.
Wllhelm, Mrs. S., 981 Park Ay.
Wllner, J., 702 E. 5th
Wimmer, Mrs. L., 859 Macy PI.
Wincar, Dr. H. G., 2128 Hughes Ay.
Wlnchevsky, M., 566 W. 151st
Winograd, B., 952 Leggett Ay.
Wise, Mrs. L. H., 28 E. 63d
Wise, Key. Dr. S. S., 23 W. 90th
Wodlska, Julius, 231 W. 113th
Wolbarst, Dr. A. L, 113 E. 19th
Wolf, Abraham, 2 W. 86th
Wolf, Alfred M., 2170 Broadway
Wolf, Augusta, 164 St. Nicholas Ay.
Wolf, Dr. Chas., 43 W. 110th
Wolf, Mrs. M. L., 135 Central Pk..
W.
Wolf, Dr. S. C, 84 E. 108th
Wolf, Simson, 203 Broadway
Wolfert, Theo., 37 W. 28th
Wolff, Dr. Alex., 141 E. 34th
Wolff, H., 526 W. 26th
Wolff, Mrs. J. R., 33 W. 69th
Wolff, Dr. Meyer, 61 2d Ay.
Wolfson, I. H., 52 William
Wolfson, Dr. W.. 131 W. 61st
Wollman, Henry, 20 Broad
Wolpert, Isldor, 440 E. 141st
Woolf, N. L, 118 W. 112th
Womow, M. N., 783 Beck
Yedelkin, N., 187 E. Broadway
Youdelman, A., 2257 3d Ay.
Young, G. C, 1891 Daly Ay.
Y. W. H. A., 31 W. 110th
Youngman, M., 424 Amsterdam Ay.
Younker, Herman, 303 5th Ay.
Zadek, Max, 51 Maiden Lane
Zevy, Isaac, 811 Dawson New York
Zimmerman, M., 318 E. Houston
Zimmerman, M., 375 Manhattan Ay.
Zimmerman, M., 107 Becker
Zlnnls, J. S., 28 Waverly^Pl.
Zinsler, Rev. Dr. L. 77 W. 128th
Zipser, Dr. M. A., 62 St. Marks PI.
Zolotkoff, L., 1956 Crotona Pkway.
Zukowsky, M. E., 82 Chrystle
Newburgh
Dr. Herzl's Junior Zlon Club, 215
Ann
Herman, H. F., 125 Water
Hirschberg, M. H.
Levinson, Dr. B., 116 Grand
Stern, F., 193 Grand
Niagara Falls
Amberg, M^ 734 Main
Silberberg Bros., 2118 Main
Temple Beth El, A. Well, Pres., 113
Main
Norfolk
Kauffman, Isaac L.
North Tarrytown
Sussman, Philip, 78 Beekman Av.
Oakdale
Rabkin, Bamet
Ogdensburg
Frank, Nathan, 64 Green
Olean
Marcus, H. W., 131 S. Union
Olive Bridge
Silverman, Simon
Oneonta
Levey, M. B., 14 Fair
Osiining
Finkelstein, Chas., 44 ^^ William
Society for the Aid of Jewish Pris-
oners
Oswego
Callsch, Lena R., 235 W. 1st
Peekikill
Burger, Edw., 170 Union Av.
Phelps
Pollock, Louis
95
Digitized by
Google
490
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New York
Pleasantville
Hebrew Sheltering Guardian Soc'y.
Port Chester
jgfyman M., 238 S. Regent
Miller, Moses, 66 Traverse Av
Rosen, J. M., 218 Irving Av '
Wang, Dr. Israel, 50 I'oningo
Port Jervis
Baroch, C. S., 181 Ball
Denner, S 67 Kingston Av.
Jranzos, Abraham, 177 Ball'
Levin, Julius, 1 Sussex
Sanders, Morris, 60 Front
Schofransky & Son, II., 15 Front
Silver, A. M., 68 Ball
Poughkeepsie
Sn' I^wis 187 Main
gellert, Louis. 7 S White
Gottlieb, Alfred E
J|J£« • iS^""' ?•• 215 Main
Kahn, Max 11 N. Clinton
L^?fA ^/V ^o' 275 Main
It' sen, M. S.
Stein, David, 184 Main
Richmond Hill
Cahn, Sigmund, 430 Lincoln Av
^^fon'^^i ^""^^^' 75 Maple "" '^''•
P^feSfoV/^^^^^^^^^^^^
&k-^-,.Bo,lIm-^^^^^^^^
Rochester
Special Member
Present, Philip, 2I6I East Av.
Annual Members
Adler, A., 561 Universitv Av
Apfelbaum. S. J., 20 Cumberland
Bernis, Dr. Wm. J., 24 Hyde Park
Blumensteil, J., Cox Bldg
Braveman, Dora, 99 Martin
n£^?°A.^^ ^1 Leopold
Cnrfh?*^ ^^' ^^ Lvndhurst
r?nii 'iJ^^iS^'Sv^^ Cuba PI.
Croll, N., 13 Hanover
Finkelstein, G., 29 Hanover
Frankel, C, 207 Barrington
«am, L S., 17 Wilson ^
r im^f^' ^o' ^^5 Hudson Av.
(xoldstone, S., 72 Martin
Ilarrmaman, David, 82 Hamus
T*^?'! Library, 90 ChathaS
Jaoobstein, M., Univ. of Rochester
96
Jewish Young Men's Assn., 3 Frank-
lin
Katz, Abram .T., 875 East Av.
Katz, S., 225 Wilkins
Landsberg, Rev. Dr. M., Mercantile
Bldg.
Marks, H. H., 360 North
Miller, Wm., 571 University Av.
Morris, M., 33 Helena
Paley, Sol., 196 Chatham
Pearlman, A. I., 4 Helena
Rose, B., 60 Av. A
Rubenstein, N., 266 Joseph A v.
Sadowsky, Rabbi S., 91 Chatham
Sallinson, S., 11 Stephany PI.
Solomon, O., 2090 East Av.
Stern, Chas., 19 Andrews
Weinstein, H. S., 86 Hanover
Wile, J. M., Power-Hotel
Rockaway Beach
Denenholz, Mrs. J. H., 303 Boule-
vard
Gottlieb, Jos., 378 Boulevard
T^wy, I^uis, Steeple Chase Baths
Wiener, Alex., 437 Boulevard
Rome
Fvevitan, Dr. M., 113 W. Dominick
Shapiro, M. S., 110 E. Dominick
Spear, N. B., 109 Kossuth
Saranac Lake
Feustmann, Maurice M.
Saratoga
Goldsmith, B. J., 187 Grand Av.
Schenectady
Special Member
Lifset, A., 447 Halett
Annual Members
Alexander, Mrs. P., 1130 State
Davidson, Fred., 1101 Union
Feldstein, Geo. M., 308 S. Center
Grosberg, Jos., 448 S. Center
Kaplan, Jacob, 1402 Slate
Kaplan, Jacob, 504 Hamilton
Levine, Mrs. J., 459 S. Center
Levine, L. B., 421 Paige
Lichtenberg, C, 138 Park PI.
Mandels, Abraham, 1431 Nott
Miller, M. D., 231 University PI.
Naumoff, P. S., 156 Crane
Salmon, Del B., 1207 Union
Stein, Mrs. Saml., 38 Glen wood
Blvd.
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
491
Scotia
Dushman, Dr. S., 1 Hueston
Spring Valley
Levy, Louis J.
Stamford
Harris, H.
Stapleton
Ellis, Bertha, 11 Pearl
Syracuse
Library Member
Eisner, Dr. H. L., Fayette Pk.
Special Member
Oberdorfer, J. L., 807 Madison
Annual Members
Aqua, I., 532 Harrison
Belloflf, L. A., 532% Cedar
Berkowitz, S., 552 Cedar
Braude, Rev. Moses J., 184 Rennick
PI.
Bregman, L., 707 Harrison
Brickman, H., 500 Harrison
Brown, I. E., 808 Almond
Coblenz, Rabbi A., 800 E. Fayette
Cohen, I., 719 E. Adam
Cohen, J. X., 108 Renwick Av.
Cohen, N., 900 Grape
Cohen, S. C, 757 Harrison
Deutsch, Dr. S.. 188 Rennick PI.
Edelstein, A.. 707 Harrison
Blsohn, L., 312 B. Genesee
Eureka Club, 515 E. Genesee
Ferguson, M. I., 128 Baker Av.
Fitzer, B.. 706 Orrenge
Frensdorf, S., 571 E. Genesee
Gais, Mrs. M., 550 Cedar
Gerber, W.. 604 Walnut Av.
Guttman, Rev. Dr. A., 102 Walnut
PI.
Harris, P., 406 E. Adam
Harrison, James B., 763 Harrison
Heiman, A., 320 Jackson
Holstein, A. M., 748 Comstock Av.
Hurwltz, Morris, 717 Irving Av.
Jacobson, Sarah B., 310 Almond
Joseph, H., 101 W. Lafayette Av.
Kaletzkl, M., 1460 E. Genesee
Kallet, Dr. A. H., 754 Harrison
Kaplan, I., 744 Harrison
Kopp, Harold H.. 906 Grape
Kringle, N.. 1012 Orange
Levy, Dr. I. H., 717 E. Genesee
Levy, Dr. J. L.. 1029 E. Genesee New York
Levy, T. A., 339 A. C. S. Bk. Bldg.
Marqusee, H. L., 113 Bastasle Blk.
Mayer, Mrs. M., 1521 E. Genesee
Mundy, E. W., Public Library
Oberdorfer, M. L., 615 E. Fayette
Oppenheim, M. L., 827 E. Genesee
Putzig, Solly, 2007 W. Genesee
Rosen, Albert, 912 Almond
Rosenbloom, H., 704 E. Jefferson
Rosenbloom, M., 700 E. Jefferson
Rosenbloom, S., 1010 Orange
Rosenthal, Mrs. M., 615 N. Sallna
Rosman, Wm., 220 B. Washington
Rubenstein, A., 352 Wonondago
Rubin, M. D., 608 E. Fayette
Serling, H.. 719 Almond
Shapiro, S., 309 Euclid Av.
Shulman, Ralph, 104 Waverly Av.
Silverman, Dr. A. C. 183 Renwick
PI.
Solomon, S. D., 792 S. Crouse Av.
Stern, Edw., 710 Almond
Stolz, Ben., 718 E. Jefferson
Sugarman, S., 1912 S. Salina
Thalheimer. G., 1030 E. Genesse
Wechsler, M. L.. 159 Renwick
Welnstein, M., 229 W. Washington
Weisburg, S. L., 117 Lexington Av.
Wlnkelstein, M., 707 Irving Av.
Tarrytown
Newman, J., 39 Washington
Troy
Berner, P., 2338 15th
Butler, H. H., 145 1st
Chuckrow, Lillian J.. 93 River
Ca'ne, Mrs. Bertha, 236 9 th
Cooper, L. H., 31 King
Ellenbogen, L. N., 105 1st
Freedman, A., 23 Congress
Goldsmith, Z. A., 148 River
Goodman, J^ 1 Washington Pk.
Gordon, A. I., 167 1st
Gross, H., Cong. St. & 5th Av.
Hormats, M., 1509 Hutton
Isenberg, D., 164 1st
Jacobs, James, 39 Plnewoods Av.
Jacobson, G., 454 Broadway
Laub, C. L., 18 Collins Av.
Lazdon, Jacob E., 64 Washington
Raisin, J. S., 1447 Longfellow Av.
Rosenholtz, M., 167 1st
Rosenthal, H., 78 River
Stein, Sol., 158 1st
Symansky, Mrs. H., 138 3d
Troy Public Library
Wallenstein, M., 79 River
97
Digitized by
Google
492
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
New York TTtlca
Abelson, Barney, 195 Oneida
Harris, Mitchell A., 1577 Kemble
Manchester, Rev. S., 12 Wash. A v.
Shiman, Moses, 36 Lansing
Valatie
Tannenwald, T.
Village Hempstead
Kaufman, Lester, 3 Main
White Plains
Jacobson, D., 67 S. Broadway
Wolf, Rabbi N., 72 S. Lexington
Nwth NORTH
Carolina Asheville
Pinkelstein, H. L., 167 N. Main
Henry, Philip S., Zealandla
Lipinsky, S.
Lowenhelm, Julius
Samuels, Abraham, 172 Hillside
Wainer, M.
Carthage
Durham
Special Member
Kronhelmer, B. F., 231 N. Main
Annual Members
Bnock, B.
Gladstein, Moses, 608 Roxboro
Gladstone, D. H.
Hockfleld, S. H., 608 South
Miller, S., Morehead & WiUard
Margolis, M.. 302 Fowler Av.
Rosenberg, Chas.
Rosensteln, Dr. N., 909 Cleveland
Stadiem, L., 1002 Cleveland
Zuckerman, M., 914 Pine
Fayetteville
Evans, Isaac
Fleishman, Edward
Stein, Mrs. K. H., 114 Dick
Sykes, Benj.
G-oldsboro
Special Member
Weil, Mrs. Henry, 200 W. Chestnut
Yonkers
Abrahams, J. L., 17 Carroll
Cohen, I. H., 89 Landscape Av.
Cohen, Max, 175 Saratoga Av.
Preudenheim, M., Marshall Rd.
Greene, S. N., 62 Riverside Av.
Jacobs, Dr. J., 11 Grey stone Ter.
Katz, Ignatz, 8 Locust Hill Av.
Kitzinger, H., 339 Van Courtland
Pk. Av.
• Klein, Lewis, 118 Ashburton Av.
Lissauer, H., 99 Palisade Av.
Neulander, Rabbi J., 50^ Hudson
Schulman, Rabbi G., 15 Pier
Schurberg, A. W., 18 London
Schwartz, Dr., 418 Walnut
Shapiro, Israel, 201 Elm
Stelnmetz, Dora, 33 School
Weiss, I., 193 Ashburton Av.
Wolkowitz, Leon, 39 Hamilton Av.
CAROLINA
Annual Members
Davldow, S. H., 415 E. Ashe
Epstein, M. N.
Meyers, M. J., 107 John
Rosenthal, Jos.
Shrago, A. M.
Tonkel, R., 211 Va.
Well, L., 610 Park Av.
Weil, Lionel
Weil, Mrs. Sol.
Wolman, M., 124 E. Walnut
Greensboro
Cone, Ceasar
Blaustein, I. L., 203 S. Eugene
Block, M. E., 650 Chestnut
Bynum, W. P., 501 Arlington
Horwitz, A., 707 S. Elm
Horwitz, M., 121 E. Washington
Isaacson, I., 224 S. Ashe
Lesser, M. A., 224 E. Washington
Schlflfman, S., 400 S, Spring
Stern, David, 112 Froher Av.
Sternberger, EJ., 715 Summit Av.
Sternberger, H., 712 Summit Av.
Temko, Max, 106 Schenck
High Point
Harris, H., N. Main St
London, J., 200 Main
Rabin owl tz, S., English St.
Xinston
Adier & Sons, M., 120 Queen
Goldstein, M.
Hirshfeld, Jos., 124 N. Queen
08
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
493
Oettinger, Mrs. S., 206 S. Indepen-
dent
Stadlem, H., 209 B. Caswell
New Berne
Cohen, Heyman, 127 Pollack
Coplan, S., 31 % Hancock
Ooldman, Rev. M., 88 Middle
Jacobs, M. L.
Lipman, Saml.
Marks, H. B.
Marks, Mrs. M. M., 19 Johnson
Marks, O.
Snitan, Harry
Raleigh
Special Member
Dworsky Bros, 16 N. East
Annual Members
Harris, Mrs. B., 113 S. McDowell
Katzen, B.. 113 Fayettevllle
Schwartz, Mrs. J., Cutler St.
North
Carolina
NORTH
Dickinson
Mininberg, N., 122 3d Av.. B.
Fargo
Goldberg, Max, 1314 1st Av.
Hart, Lewis, 606 4th, N.
John Hay Lodge, No. 634, I. O. B. B.
Lesk, Ben, 411 8th Av., S.
Paper, S., 202 1st Av.. S.
Papermaster, I., 712 Front
Solow, A., 13 13th
Stearns, Prof. W. N., 109 9th
Stern, H., 16 Monticello Plats
Yoffey, Abraham, 19 4th, S.
Salisbnry
Miller, J. M.
Wallace, L. C, Jackson & Fister
Wilmington
Abelovitz, Jos., 22 52d
Bear, E. J., 120 N. 5th
Bear, Isadore, 116 N. 5th
Bear, Saml., Jr., 121% Princess
Bluethenthal, L., 501 Dick
Dlugln, J., 713 N. 4th
Pinkelstein, C, 419 Cross
Jacobi, Jos. N., 317 Grace
Jacobi, Marcus W., 302 N. 3d
Mendelsohn, Rev. Dr. S., 511 Orange
Miller Bros., 719 N. 4th
Schultz, A., 403 Dock
Solomon, B.
Y. M. H. A., 207 Market
Winston-Salem
Rosenbacher, A., 848 W. 5th
Swartz, B., 713 N. Main
Urband, Frank, 411 N. Main
DAKOTA North
arand Forks Dakota
Bergman, S. J., 821 2d Av.
Cohen, H., 812 N. 5th
Friedman, S., 402 Walnut
Ginsberg Bros., 731 1st A v.
Griver, Morris S., 730 2d Av.
Papermaster, Rev. B., 705 2d Av.
Papermaster, Nathan, 113 Walnut
Papermaster, S., 419 DeMers A v.
Lisbon
Cohen, C. W.
New Rockford
Mendelowitz, I.
OHIO
Akron
Special Members
Arenson, Max, 82 Hall
Bear, Max, 91 Bittmen
Danzig, Louis, 294 W. Bxchange
Annual Members
Akron Pub. Library. M. P. Bdgerton,
Libm.
Belenskv, H., 268 S. Main
Bernstein, Max A., 28 Byers Av.
Friedman, Saml., 54 N. Valley
Fuerst, Henry D., 129 Marvin Av.
Goldman, Morris, 15 Mt. View Av.
Gross, Rabbi L. D., 78 Borton Av.
Holub, Ethel, 215 Westwood Av.
Krohngold, M., 530 N. Market
Loeb, Louis, 51 Adolph Av.
Nobil, J., 82 Oakdale Av.
Sokol, I., 193 S. Main
Temple Israel Rel. School
Union, M. R., 461 Perkins
Alliance
Freed, Jacob, 608 B. Main
Frutkin, J. W., 126 Geiger Av.
Katzenstein, Saml.
Kaven, Saml., 717 E. Main
Rudner, I. C, 227 High
Segall, A. M., 65 S. Webb
Simon, D. I., 66 S. Webb
Ohio
99
Digitized by
Google
494
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Ohio
Grundstein,
Miller, S.
Rott, J.
Strauss, N.
Ashland
5., 755 E. 4th
Athens
Sommer, Sam
Ashtabula
Fox, Saml. B.. 12 East
Kahne, M., 183 Main
Loeb, David, 16 Booth
Pickard, M.
Rosenblith, I., 7 Bridge
Barberton
Brown, Alfred, 615 Vanderlicht
Fink, S.. 913 Wooster Av.
Levin. M., 698 Nowell
Morganstern, D., 113 Tuscaraws Av.
Sholiton, F., 324 N. 2d
Fmansky, J., 334 W. 2d
Weisberger, H., 211 Paeck
Weisberger, Wm., 114 Park A v.
Bellalre
Blum, H., Belmont St.
Blum, Mrs. I.
Hirsch, Mrs. F. I., 3302 Belmont
Belief on taine
Bloom, A. W.
Gelger, Emil
Belle vue
Chavinson, S.
Wolf, Jos. E., 250 W. Main
Blanchester
Kohlhagen, J.
Bluffton
Wise, Abe
Wise, Julius
Buc3rrus
Browarsky, P., 666 Middletown Av.
Lubisky, A. H., 416 S. Poplar
Byesville
Grossman, Mrs. E. L., 214 Meek Av.
Cambridire
Gesmer, Chas., 416 N. 8th
Green wald, M., 411 N. 10th
Hayfer, B. A.
l>avitt, Myron C, 428 N. 7th
Lerenman, J. R.
Nisselson, F.
Rambar, M. J.
Rosenberg, Mrs. H., 310 Dewey Av.
Canal Dover
Fried, J., 702 Wooster
Levin, D.
Canton
Bornheim, Arthur B., 841 N. Walnut
Cohen, Hyman, 422 N. 2d
Glaser, Simon. 1307 Logan Av.
Green, M., 200 Jackson
Kaven, Louis, 215 4th
Lavin, Harry, 507 High
Luntz, S., 1010 N. Walnut
Margolies, M. E., 419 E. Tuse
Rudner, Max, 1632 S. Cherry
Scholnik, N., 1004 W. 9th
Sinai Sabbath School, 216 N. Market
Sperling, Leopold N., 307 Tusc
Chauncey
Wilson, I.
ChlUicothe
Aronson, A., 17 S. Paint
Feldman, Jonas, 297 Church
Iiovy Clothing Co.
Marks, Morris, 12 B. Main
Schachne, Richard, 202 W. Water
Cincinnati
LiFB Members
Seasongood, M., 3711 Wash. Av,
Union of Amer. Heb. Congs.
Library Member
Pritz, Carl E., 4064 Rose Hill Av.
Special Members
Fox, Sol., 3819 Dakota Av.
Goldsmith, A. W., 3225 Harvey Av.
Kronenberger, Louis, Hotel Alms
Levy, Max, 2208 ITulton A v.
Manischewitz, J., 838 W. 6th Av.
Meyer, Jos. L., 861 Hutchins Av.
Pritz, C. E., 4064 Rose Hill Av.
Senior, Edw., 2220 Frances Lane
Senior, Max, 3580 Washington Av.
Strashum, Dr. M., 6th & South
Unger, Ennis, 1384 Myrtle
Annual Members
Abrams, S. J., Hebrew Union Coll.
Barasch, N., Hebrew Union Coll.
Berman, A., 849 Windham Av.
100
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
495
Bettman, B., Sycamore & Canal
Blng, B. M., 310 W. Rockdale Av.
Bloch, J., 810 Main
Bloch, Martin, 231 W. 6th
Bloom, I., 3511 Burnett Av.
B'nai Jeshurun S. S. Lib.
Bogen, B. D.. 730 Carlisle Av.
Cantor, H. B., 1639 Clayton
Chale, Max, 1218 Freeman Av.
Claybon, Morris, Hazel & Williams
Cohen, Alfred M., Mitchell Bldg.
Danziger, M. M., 911 Central Av.
Davis, C. K., 550 Prospect PI.
Dine, Philip, 1123 Main
Egelson, Rabbi L. I., Carew Bldg.
Englander, Dr. H., 904 Lexington
Av.
Epstein, Mrs. L., 3 Aragon Apts.
Ezekiel, H. C, The Wllhelm
Feingold, M., 731 W. 8th
Peldman, A. J., Heb. Union Coll.
Fellhelmer, M., 820 Mann PI.
Fennel, Herman, 34 W. 3d
Fineberg, S., 3240 Burnett
Franklin, H. B., 233 Northern Av.
Freehof, S., 3426 Burnett Av.
Freiberg, Dr. A. H., 3577 Alaska A v.
Freiberg, B., 746 Greenwood Av.'
Freiberg, J. W., 216 E. Front
Freiberg, M. J., 3577 Alaska Av.
Freiberg, S., 2300 Upland PI.
Freiberg, W. J., 3583 Alaska Av.
Frldman, Jeanette S., 2329 S.
Ashland Av.
Friedlander, I. J., 4 Burnett Av.
Fries, G. R., 3021 Fairfield Av.
Grossman, Rev. Dr. L., 528 Camden
Av.
Heinsheimer, E. L., 3584 Alaska Av.
Hessberg, Mrs. D., 840 Glenwood Av.
Hillkowitz, Dr. Wm., 2619 Reading
Rd.
Hoffheimer, Hon. H. M., 2335 Grand-
view Av.
Hoffheimer, S. A., 504 Forrest A v.
Holzberg, J., Ehrman & Wilson Av.,
Avondale
Huttenbauer, E., 690 N. Crescent
Huttenbauer, I., 3348 Burnett Av.
Hyman, Jacob, 1724 Denter Av.
lola, Hyman, Heb. Union Coll.
Isaacs, Dr. N., 3305 Burnett Av.
Israel, E. L., 3426 Burnett Av.
Johnson, Hon. S. M., 3427 Busch Av.
Jonap, H., 415 Race
Joseph, Jos., Alaska & Forrest
Joseph, Leopold, 3573 Bogart Av.
Kahn, Felix, 762 S. Crescent Av.
Kahn, Lazard, 3975 Beechwood Av.
Kahn, S., 731 S. Crescent Av.
Kaplan, Rev. Dr. J. H., 680 E. Ohio
Kidgeway Av.
Kaplon, S. S., Heb. Union Coll.
Kling, A., Heb. Union Coll.
Koch, J. M., 3569 Bogart A v.
Kohler, Rev. Dr. K., 3016 S. Stanton
Av.
Kolb, L I., Heb. Union Coll.
Krohn, L, 2902 Gilbert Av.
Landman, Dr. L. H., 3455 Whitfield
Av.
Lauterbach, Rev. Dr. J. Z., Heb.
Union Coll.
Levi, H. J., 812 Mann PI.
Levi, Louis S., 607-9 Main
Levy, H. M., 2933 Fairfield Av.
Levy, Lipman, 861 Beecher
Ufschitz, L, 531 Richmond
Livingston, H. L., 421 Forrest Av.
Mack, A., 853 Lexington Av.
Mack, Jacob W., 984 Burton A v.
Mack, Ralph W., 549 Mitchell Av.
Magrill, Jos., 807 W. 9th
Mannheimer, Jennie, 639 June
Marcus, Jacob, Heb. Union Coll.
Margolis, Harry S., Heb. Union Coll.
Mark, Julius, Heb. Union Coll.
Marks, L. V., 340 Northern Av.
Marks, M. H., 2321 Kemper Lane
Marks, Martin, 698 S. Crescent Av
Marx, Louis, 2837 Melrose Av.
Meiss, Harry, 960 Lenox Av.
Melss, Leon, 813 Mann PI.
Mendel, Henry, 17 W. Pearl
Meyer, Jacob, Heb. Union Coll.
Mlelzlner, Rev. J., 839 Cleveland Av.
Miller, Dr. E. A., 7th & Central
Miller, R. W., 3559 Reading Rd.
Moch, M. E., 3704 Reading Rd.
Newburgh, M. S.. 2334 Upland PI.
Oettlnger, M., 824 Beecher
Ottenhelmer, J., 709 Glenwood Av.
Phlllpson, Rev. Dr. D., 3947 Beech-
wood Av.
Phillips, E. H., 746 E. Ridgeway
Phillips, G. J., 672 Forest Av.
Pink, L. P., 650 W. Rockdale Av.
Pollak, Mrs. E., 2648 Stanton Av.
Pritz, S. E., 909 Sycamore
Ransohoff, Dr. J^ 2929 Vernon PI.
Rappaport, J. E., Mercantile Lib.
Bldg.
Raub, Fred., 760 S. Crescent Av.
Reins, I., 7.42 Greenwood Av.
Rheinstrom, S., 771 Greenwood Av.
Roettinger, P., 815 Gwynne Bldg.
Rothenberg, Saml., 22 W. 7th
Salkover, M., 1720 Dexter Av.
Salzer, Jos. M.,' 24 Landon Ct.
Samuels, Julius R., 408 W. 7th
Schottenfels, J., 1st Natl. Bk. Bldg.
101
Digitized by
Google
496
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Ohio SchottenfelB, M., 3438 Duny Av.
Schwartz, O., 1034 Wesley Av.
Schwarz, Rabbi J. D., 1541 Dixmont
At.
Seasongood, L., Reading Rd. & Cres-
cent Ay.
Seeman, Geo., 516 Rockdale Av.
Selnshelmer, H. A., 3640 Reading
Rd.
Seinsheimer, Mrs. S., 3630 Reading
Rd.
Sllberberg, Max, 357a Bogart Av.
Skirboll, J., Heb. Union Coll.
Spiegel, F. S., 855 Hutchins Av.
Steinberg, L., 3217 Reading Rd.
Straus, Isaac S., 22 W. Pearl
Straus, Saml., 2530 May
Tennenbaum, Minnie, 1356 Burdette
Av.
Theol. & Rel. Lib. Assn.
Trager, G. J., 3863 Reading Rd.
Trager, I. Newton, 944 Marion Av.
Tribel, Beatrice, 2619 Reading Rd.
Trost, S., 510 Forest A v.
Tuch, S. S., 892 Lexington Av.
Weiss, Alex., 18 Arcade
Westheimer, M. F., Traction Bldg.
Winkler, Ell, 522 Forest Av.
Winkler, I., 3602 Washington Av.
Wolf, James J., 416 W. 7th
Workum, D. J., 678 N. Crescent Av.
Zepln, Rabbi G., Carew Bldg.
dtcleviVle
Special Membebs
Joseph, Germain, 109 W. Main
Joseph, Henry
Annual Members
Dulsky, M.
Friedman, B.
Gordon, Henry
Joseph. H.
Levy, J.
Rothman, H.
Cleveland
Life Mbmbeb
Mahler, Mr. & Mrs. B., Electric Bldg.
LiBBARY Members
Bialosky, I., 10202 S. Blvd.
Eisenman, Chas., New England Bldg.
Feiss, Paul L., 12600 Cedar Rd.
Joseph, I., 632 St. Clair Av.
Joseph, M., 9409 Euclid Av.
Levenberg, Dr. B., 2314 E. 55th
Miller, S. H., Socy. for Savings Bldg.
Peskind, Dr. A., 2414 E. 55th
Rosenberg, Dr. B., 8231 Woodland
Sands, L., 1543 E. Blvd.
Stearn, A., 1615 Magnolia Drive
Special Members
Baker, E. M., 2017 Cornell Rd.
Belkowsky, I. M., 2291 E. 56th
Biskind, Dr. I. J., 2350 E. 55tb
DeKaiser, J., 208 Rozelle Av.
Deutsch, A. S., 1397 E. Blvd. Av.
Dubeky, J. H., 4802 Clark Av., S. W.
Einstein, H.. 8604 E. Carnegie Av.
Goodman, Max P., 3657 Prospect
Hahn, Dr. A., 1048 B. of E. Bldg.
Hays, Kaufman, Lake Shore Blvd.
Joseph, Emil, 1949 E. 79th
Joseph, Sieg, 1927 E. 93d
Klein, David, 2389 W. 5th
Koch, I. M., 1706 E. 90th
Kohn, D. S., 1357 E. Blvd.
Kohn, W. S., 2336 Woodland
Marks, M. A., 10229 Lake Shore
Blvd.
Meisel, M. E., Williamson Bldg.
Nathanson. M. J., 10106 S. Blvd.
New, B., 2039 Abington Rd.
Ozersky, M. M., Garfield Bldg.
Prentke, S., 1606 Holywood Bd.
Sands, L., Taylor Arcade
Scharfeld, M. B» 1610 E. 105th
Silbert, S. N., 4708 Woodland Av.
Simon, H., 9924 Ostend Av., & E.
Simon, M., 1303 W. 6th
WiedenthaL Dr. N., 2542 E. 37th
Wollnsky, Dr. P. R., 2047 E. 82d
Annual Members
Aaron, C. A., 10817 Orville Av.
Aaron, Dr. T. H., 5512 Woodland Av.
Abrams, Louis, 2244 E. 82d
Adams, S. A., 840 E. 95th
Adelstein, Joe, 3003 Croton Av.
Alliance. S., 4105 Woodland Av.
Auerbacn, H., 7021 Hough Av.
Aurbach, A., 5508 St. Clair Av.
Azbill, Rev. W. K., 7903 Carnegie
Av.
Babin, F., 2412 Ontario
Bach, H., 4315 Woodland
Band, A., 6529 St. Clair Av.
Baskin, B.. 2565 E. 29th
Bassett, Dr. H., 5715 Hawthorne Av.
Becker, Dr. B. M., 2472 E. 43d
Becker, Max, 1815 Broadway
Beckerman, N. C, 1455 E. 90th
Bendau, Jos., 726 Johnson Av.
Benesch, A. A., 7515 Lagrange Av.
Berger, Dr. S., 1946 St. Clair Av.
Berllnsky, P., 902 Wheelock Rd.
102
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
497
Berman, S. J., 7709 Llnwood Av.
Bernstein, A. E., 34 Wadeva Av.,
Bernstein, Dr. J., 55th & Woodland
Bernstein, J. M., 1856 E. lOlst
Bernstein, M., 1261 B. 99th
Bialosky Bros. & Co., 780 Kinsman
Blltstein, M., 2322 E. 39th
Bloch, J. C, Williamson Bldg.
Bloomberg, J., 14123 Carolina Rd.
B'nai Jeshnrun Temple Sab. School,
B. 55th & Scovill Av.
Brisker, B.. 861 E. 75th
Brock, J., 10121 Somerset Av.
Brody, Dr. M.. Holtworth Bldg.
Brown, B. J., 2229 E. 46th
Bubis, J. L., 1725 E. 82d
Burkowitz, J., 1031 E. 145th
Bursteln, Dr. A. I., 3515 Woodland
Av.
Cahen, A., 10112 Kensington Av.
Cahn, L., 2383 E. 40th
Caplin, Dr. E. S., 4973 Woodland Av.
ChertofiP, A., 2409 E. 61st
ChertoflP, J., 1220 W. 6th
ChertoflP. P. M., 2324 E. 59th
Cooper, Dr. B. H., 1062 E. 99th
Cowen, S., 1888 E. 66th
Curtis, E., 2652 B. 47th
Davis, Saml., 4613 Payne Av.
Deutsch, S. J., 1690 E. 81st
Dworkin, K., 2104 W. 25th
Ebin, Rabbi N. H., 2396 E. 43d
Edelman, Adolph, 2371 B. 9th
Edelman, H., 5382 St. Clair Av.
Edgert, S., Williamson Bldg.
Efros, M., 922 E. 76th
Einstein. H., 657 Bolival Rd.
Eisler, F. E., 5004 Gladstone Av.
Englander, Dr. I., 2200 E. 70th
Epstein, Dr. J. W., 4502 Woodland
Av.
Essev, I. R. & S.. 6019 Hawthorne
Euclid Av. Temple Sunday School
Feder, Marcus, 2234 E. 55th
Feher, M., 8602 Buckeye Rd.
Feinberg, B., 2229 E. 49th
Feiss, Julius, 632 St. Clair
Feldman, B., 6714 St. Clair Av.
Feniger, Ben., 1438 Ansel Rd.
Fink, Dr. I. J., 6204 St. Clair Av.
Pinkie, H. H., Engineers Bldg.
Flock, Dr. J., 2526 B. 40th
Frankel, P., 1600 E. 105th
Freedman, J. F., 1659 E. 73d
Friedberger, Wm., 6516 St. Clair
Friedland, Dr. L. A., 7502 Kinsman
Rd.
Friedman, M., 4613 Clark Av., S. W.
Friedman, S., 5004 Scovill Av.
Frisch, N., 9207 Stelnway Av. Ohio
Galvin. Dr. M. B., 1417 E. 85th
Garber, A., 2581 E. 43d
Garber, D., 5010 Sawtell
Garber, Dr. M., 6204 St. Clair Av.
Geismer, E. L., 11213 Ashbury Av.
Ginsberg, Dr. H. E., 5116 Woodland
Av.
Gittelson, A. D., 3507 Woodland Av.
Gittelson, Dr. R., 4005 Woodland
Av.
GlFcn, B. B., 8008 Cnrnegie Av.
Gllck. n, F.;2400E. 40th
tMlcb. H. J.. 3iifm Lorain
Coldln/rt:, M., f^Hli! St. (lair A v.
Goldfrjlii, M.. 16011 E. 105th
GoldhaniPr, 8., 100:^4 Tlfii:haway Av.
GoGdman, A,, 2534 K i<^i)h
Goodman, J. L.. 071,1 Mills Av.
Gordon, A,, asiti E. 33d
Goslt^p, S., 2432 E, eiftt
Grauer, I., American I'r. Bldg.
Green, Ignatz, 497 E. 120th
Greenberger, H., 4708 Clark Av.
Greenhut, S., 3400 W. 25th
Gries, Rev. M. J., 10311 Lake Shore
Blvd.
Gross, Frank, 2404 E. 43d
Gross, Sam, 1819 Cadwell Av.
Grossman, Geo. H., 1844 E. 73d
Grossman, L. J., Lake Shore Blvd. &
Doan
Grossman, N., 55th & Central Av.
Grunauer, B. P., 11425 Glenwood
Av.
Gussman, M., Marion Bldg.
Halle, Mrs. M., 2341 E. 40th
Halle, S. P., 11240 Bellflower Rd.
Hartman, S., 1927 E. 73d
Heimlich, D., 8401 Wade Pk., West
Hertz, Harry, 1846 E. 73d
Hirsch, Dr. S. F.. 1340 E. 112th
Hobelson, A. J., 2171 Clarkwood Rd.
Hollander, E., 2186 E. 81st
Hollander, I., 2289 E. 89th
Hollander, Dr. S., 10023 Somerset
Av.
Holstein, N. L., 1370 W. 6th
Horwitz, Saml., 8213 Llnwood
Huebsch, Dr. S. A., 791 Lexington
Av.
Hurvitz, S., Engineers Bldg.
Jacobs, M. A., 2389 E. 43d
Jaffe, P. W., 2365 E. 34th
Jew. Orphan Lib. Union
Joseph, R. T., 10834 Deering Av.
Kalish, A. A_^ Garfield Bldg.
Kangesser, H. A., 2178 E. 71st
Kastiner, H. M., 9914 S. Blvd.
Katz, Louis A., Williamson Bldg.
Katz, Max E., 2355 E. 40th
103
Digitized by
Google
498
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Ohio Kaufman, B. M., 8337 Woodland Av.
Kaufman, Henry, 1779 E. 63d
Klein, A. M., 10123 Parkgate
Klein, E., 2302 Carnegie Av.
Klein, H., 5003 Clark Av.
Klein, Rabbi J., 2221 E. 55th
Kline, D. R., 1714 E. 79th
Kline, Mrs. P., 6953 Kinsman Rd.
Koblitz, H. D., The Arcade
Koblitz, Milton S., The Arcade
Kohen, Herman E., 2560 E. 63d
Kohusky, I. L., 3610 Woodland Av.
Kolinsky, Abraham, 2387 E. 39th
Kolinsky, 11. L., 2389 E. 39th
Kolinsky, M., 2420 E. 43d
Kornhauser, Mrs. D. H., 1877 E.
75th
Kornhauser, S. J., 2218 E. 80th
Kotlar, A., 4301 Woodland Av.
Kraus, A. S., 10107 Parmelee
Landau, H., 3309 Daisy Av., W.
Laronge, Jos., 10714 Drexel Av.
Lepene, H., 5502 Bridge
Lesser, Leo A., 6109 Quincy Av.
Leventhal, A., 1523 E. Blvd.
Levin, Manuel, 9917 N. Blvd.
Levy, S. E., 6014 Central Av.
Liebovitz, Rabbi H. A., 2338 E. 43d
Lifshitz, D., 2516 E. 38th
London, Herman, 2352 E. 38th
Lubin, H., 1412 B. 57th
Lustig, H. H., 1640 E. 75th
Lyman, Dr. L., 5128 Woodland, S. E.
Margolis, Rabbi S., 2119 E. 46th
Markowitz, R., 7239 Kinsman Rd.
Mendelson, A., 10101 S. Blvd.
Metzenbaum, Dr. M., 2047 E. 96th
MilcofiP, I., 2329 E. 59th
Milder, S., 2576 E. 61st
Miller, H., 4025 St. Clair Av.
Miller, J. H., 11300 Euclid Av.
Morganstern, J., 5218 Scovill Av.
Morgenstern, J., 4101 Woodland Av.
Moses, A., 10316 Parkgate Av.
Neiger, A. A., Soc. for Savings Bldg.
Newhauser, H., Am. Trust Bldg.
Peiser, Rabbi S., 5000 Woodland
Persky, A., 5013 Woodland Av.
Persky, A. E., 3336 Woodland Av.
Pitkorsky, P., 3332 Woodland Av.
Polster, Abe, 10109 Ostend Av.
Rabinowitz, M., 2206 E. 69th
Rapaport, Elias, 2530 E. 38th
Reich, Lester I., 5611 Scovill Av.
Reiter, E., New England Bldg.
Rivkin, N., 4602 Woodland A v.
Robin, Max, 9010 Edmunds Av.
Rocker, H. A., 2185 E. 73d
Rocker, P. E., 3804 Woodland Av.
Rocker, S., 2557 E. 39th
Rose, Sidney, 1321 W. 6th
Rosenbaum, C, 10407 Parkgate Av.
Rosenblatt, C, Engineers Bldg.
Rosenthal, Sol., 6502 St. Clair
Rosenzweig, A., 4003 Woodland Av.
Rothenberg, Wm., 2058 E. 102d
Rothkofif, D. R., 6202 Thackeray
Rothschild, B. Lillian, 3526 Wood-
land Av.
Rothschild, I., 1708 E. 79th
Rubenstein, E., 2300 E. 55th
Rubin, Dr. L M., 4714 Scovill Av.
Sachs, Dr. M., 4509 Scovill Av.
Sampllner, J. H., Williamson Bldg.
Samuelson, Dr. S., 2292 E. 55th
Sapiro, R. W., 7924 Golden Av.
Sarbinsky, M., 10016 Somerset A?.
Schwartz, B. H., 2544 E. 50th
Schwartz, Ben., 6212 Hawthorne Av.
Schwartz, E., Williamson Bldg.
Selker, Louis, 4937 Outhwaite Av.
Sempliner, P., 9502 Kempton Av.
Shapiro, Aaron, 1848 E. 73d
Sheinbart, S., 6207 Hawthorne, W.
Shier, Ralph, 2439 E. 59th
Shlesinger. S., 2053 E. 88th
Shulman, David, 2530 E. 37th
Silberman, J., 3957 St. Clair Av.
Silver, I., 5216 Scovill Av.
Soglovitz, S., 6211 Kinsman Rd.
Solomon, W. L., 3754 Woodland Av.
Spitz, S. E., 1359 E. 94th
Stacel, J., 2368 E. 61st
Stark, H., 2485 E. 84th
Stashower, Minnie, 6211 Kinsman
Rd.
Stern, D. M., 3047 St. Clair Av.
Steuer, Dr. D. B., 3735 Woodland
Av.
Stoner, D. B., Soc. for Savings Bldg.
Strauss, S., 1695 E. 81st
Sugarman, H., 789 E. 158th
Tabakin, Dr. H., 3705 Woodland Av.
Temple Library, Wilson & Central
Av.
Tifereth Israel Congr., E. 55th &
Central Av.
Ulmer, J. M., 2051 E. 77th
Ulmer, L. M., Engineers Bldg.
Ulmer, S., 5706 Thackeray Av.
Weil, L. A., Engineers Bldg.
Weisenberg, Dr. S. A., 6403 Euclid
Av.
Weiss, A. L., 8909 Buckeye Rd.
Wiener, A., 1383 E. Blvd.
Wirtshafter, F. E., Engineers Bldg.
Wirtshafter, Dr. M., 4217 Payne
Witt, Bernard, 2674 E. 53d
W^ittenberg, A. M., Soc. for Savings
Bldg.
Wolf, E. E., Williamson Bldg.
Wolfenstein, Dr. S., 1725 B. 115th
104
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
499
Wolkov, N., 6428 St. Clair Av.
Wolpaw, Jacob, 2064 E. 82d
Wolsey, Rev. L., 8403 Carnegie Av.
Yoelson, M., 2662 B. 47th
Zleve, S., 6324 Kinsman Rd.
Ziskind, J., 2342 E. 38th
Zwlck, Dr. I., 5116 Woodland
Columbus
Life Member
Lazarus, Mr. & Mrs. F., 1080 Bryden
Rd.
Special Members
Oumble, Henry
Hyman, Mrs. L., 17 W. Oakland Av.
Newman, E. M., 1450 E. Broad
Shulman, Max, 28 Wilson Av.
Steinfeld, Dr. A. M., 35 Wilson Av.
Annual Members
Columbus Pub. Liby., E. O. Randall,
Chairman Book Comm.
Goldsmith, Max, 198 Donaldson
Gordon, Dr. E. J., 612 Livingston
Av.
Greenwald, D., 337 S. Champion
Herskowitz, S. J.. 599 E. Rich
Jewish Educ. Alliance, 458 S. Wash.
Av.
Kornfeld. Rev. Jos., 1428 Fair Av.
Lewis, Mrs. H., 17 W. Oakland Av.
Loeb, A. E., 273 S. Ohio Av.
Lupt, Mrs. J. F., 2306 N. High
Magaziner, H., 1003 Franklin Av.
Newman, Jacob, 12 E. Spring
Ohio State Library
Schanfarber, C. J., 1424 Franklin
Av.
Schatenstein, A. I., 342 S. W^ash. Av.
Schonthal, Jos., Southern Hotel, 242
W. 8th Av.
Schottenstein, Max, 227 N. 5th
Silberstein, F., State & Carter
Silverman, M., 414 E. Livingston
Taxon, Rabbi M. N., 540 S. Wash.
Av.
Topper, L. E.
Zeta Beta Tau, c/o H. Greenberger,
70 18th Av.
Coshocton
Cohn, I. D.
Davidorf, D.
Golden, A.
Klein, B. W., 512 Main
Rosenberg, A. S.
Crestline
Moses, Dr. J. B.
Dayton Ohio
Library Member
Raub, Leopold, Yale & Amherst
Special Members
Ach, Ferdinand, 510 E. 3d
Stern, M. C, 66 Oxford Av.
Annual Members
Blickman, Sol., 50 Paterson
Bramson, I., 701 Lexington Av.
Brown, N., 19 Clay
Burick, Rev. S., 635 Hickory
Cohen, Minnie, 670 Richard
Diamond, Benna, 700 E. Richard
Ephrath, A. W., 426 Edgewood Av.
Ephrath, M. E., 929 Summers
Ettinger, T. D., 721 Salem Av.
Feinberg, N., 804 E. 5th
Feinstein, Mrs. S., 160 Riverside
Apt.
Frank, Chas., 2105 E. 5th
Frank, S., 670 Richard
Fred, M. L., Schwind Bldg.
Goldzwig, D., Home Phone Bldg.
.Tacobson, I. L., 26 Burns Av.
Kusworn, S. G., 907 Summers
Lefkowitz, Rev. D., 306 Grafton Av.
Levy, II. A., 1118 W. 3d
Margolis, J., 205 Audubon Pk.
Margolis, J. H., 927 Chester Av.
Margolis, M. K., 24 Jones
Margolis, Max, 28 E. 5th
Margolis, Oscar, 428 Oxford Av.
Margolis, S., 945 N. Broadway
Margolis, S. H., 1333 Grand Av.
Margolis, Sol., 645 Hickory
Pereles, M., 733 Salem Av.
RockofiP, H., 415 Edgewood Av.
Rosenbloom, Chas., 38 Jones
Rothenberg, S., 268 Chestnut
Rothenberg, S. H., 317 Grafton Av.
Sachs, M. J., 1110 W. 3d
Schulman, Lena, 40 Cambridge Av.
Semmelman, Mrs. B., 35 Oxford Av.
Shaman, B. R., 351 Wyoming
Strauss, Sol, UN. Blvd.
Wulkan, S. J., 122 Maple
Yassenoflf, Rebecca, 104 Xenia Av.
Zimmerman, Mrs. B., 112 Perrine
Delaware
Herman, Paul
Reimer, H.
Rosenthal, J. G., 75 W. William
WolflC, M. L.
Dennison
Feingold, M. R.
Sales, Alex.
105
Digitized by
Google
500
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
aU» Dimkirk
Splro, S. L.
Eait Liverpool
Bendhelm, G.
Caplan, S., 613 Jefferson
Erlanger, B., 319 6th Av.
Erianger. Wm., Jr.. 332 W. 5th
Goodstein, M., 606 College
Gordon, Harry, 203 Roral Lane
Ostrow, S., 328 W. 5th
Reich, M., Box 484
Rubin, Leon, 304 7th
Schwartz, B., 314 Monroe
Stein, Jacob, 344 W. 4th
Washbutzky, M., 401 W. 4th
Winezwlge, D., 320 W. 4th
Elyria
Glattsteln, Adolph
Goldstein, M.
Graver, M., 128 Woodford A v.
Mendelson, S., 310 Furnace
Flndlay
Cohen, M.
Gordon, I. J., 518 S. Main
Foftoria
Wernlck, A., Box 74
Oalion
Horn stein, G. G.
Kodlsh, Max
Krakowltz, Jake, Gallon Junk Co.
Pocker, Jack
OaUlpoUi
Cotzen, C. S.
Kaufman, J. M.
Oreenfleld
Heldlngsfeld, O.
Wallenstein, E.
Hamilton
Berezin, A., 314 Ludlow
Blumenthal, H. L., 115 Main
Cohen, J., 131 Main
Pogel, M., 209 S. B.
Hornsteln, Max, 206 S. 3d
Joffe, Max, 323 S. 3d
Kessel, Saml., 38 High
Leshner, Jacob, 602 S. 4th
Leshner, Nathan, 226 Lycome
Piker, S., 401 N. D.
Schwartz, E. M., 1 Verno Flats
Strauss, Ben., 622 Dayton
Hillsboro
Eisenberg, I.
Free. S. R.
Ironton
Special Mbmbeb
Minces, H. D., 5th & Madison
Annual Mbmbebs
Brumberg, A. B.
Greenberg, R.
Levinson Bros.
Mearan, I.
Salle, Himan
Kenton
Special Membeb
Rosenthal, Abe
Annual Membebs
Bregstein Bros., East Side Sq.
Marks, M.
Lancaster
Altfater, D.
Epstein, Ben., 207 W. Main
Kodlsh, M.
Leon, Jos.
Molar, M.
Rotbardt, G., 162 W. Main
Wendel, A., opp. Post Office
Lebanon
Library Member
Kaufman, A. B.
Special Member
Hyman, M. B.
Annual Members
Bernstein, A.
Bernstein, Nathan
Fred, C.
Fred, L.
Fred, Solomon
Kahn, B.
Kohlhagen, M.
Lima
Bernstein, M., 519 W. Market
Gross, M. B., 128% B. High
Levlne, A., 128 W. McKlbben
Margolis, H., 125 S. Elizabeth
Michael, N. L., 213 N. Main
Rosechan, L., 414 S. McDonald
Schwartz, H., 804 W. Market
106
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
501
Logan
Cohen, M.
Ouasser, L.
Supowit, I. J.
Lorain
Ackerman, L., 1716 B. Slat
Friedman, H., 1046 Broadway
Goldstein & Sons, A., Center St.
Gould, Jos., 1756 E. 31st
Gross, Armin, 1735 E. 31st
Klein, J. L., 1908 Broadway
Klin, M., 2835 Pearl Av.
Mayer, Max, 2920 Vine Av.
Roth, Louis. 1610 E. 31st
Schwartz, S., 546 E. Erie Av.
Shipp, Isaac, 1778 E. 28th
Yarmy, L, 2748 Reine Av.
Mansfield
Special Members
Freundllch, L.
Haupt, Jos., 22 Flint
Annual Members
Berger, F., 125 W. 1st
Cousins, J., 252 N. Diamond
Felnberg, Israel, 243 N. Main
Goldberg, M., 114 N. Main
Holdstein, I., 221 N. Main
Rosenbaum, P., 222 N. Main
Weil, Henry, 550 W. 4th
Marion
Bomheim, Harry, 302 S. Hight
Gottlieb, H. H.. 122 S. Main
Hess, M., 581 E. Church
Huhn, M., 872 E. Church
Isay, Max, 122 S. Main
Katz, E.
Kessel, David, 123 N. Main
Kleinmaier, B. E., 706 S. State
Kleinmann, S. G., 445 W. Center
Marx, Isaac, 530 S. State
SchifT. A., 123 N. State
Strelitz, Henry. 113 N. Main
Strelitz, M., Hill & Prospect
Massillon
Bernstein, J. J., 519 S. Mill
Bloomberg, Mrs. H. A., 1108 E. Main
Caren, Morris, 203 Chestnut
Grossman, D.
LInde, A., 1403 S. Erie
Neiman, R. T., 203 W. Main
Stone, J., 1617 S. Erie
Farber, M.
Middleport
Middleton Ohio
Special Member
Goldman, Simon, 421 S. Main
Annual Members
Ellison, Morris, 317 E. 3d
Fine, S., 417 E. 3d
Horwitz, Mrs. Ben., 128 B. 3d
Krasne, Rev. J., 415 4th
Mehl, Geo., 418 E. 3d
Rabinowitz, Crame, 416 3d
Schneider, Max, 3d & Clinton
Wertheimer, Mrs. D., 1069 B. 3d
Milford
Rosenzweig, S.
Mount Vernon
Dubinsky, Mrs. B., High & Norton
Hyman, Mrs. Max, 100 E. Front
Meyers, Mrs. M., Gambler & San-
dusky
Rosenthal, Mrs. A., 601 B. Vine
Kelionvllle
dayman. M., 760 Poplar
Harris, D., 484 Poplar
Rcgen, L.
Shamansky, M., 135 Watkins
Kew Philadelphia
Davidorf, Saml.
Kew Straitiville
Atlas, D.
Shaffel, A.
Stecker, M.
Newark
Schonberg, M., 486 Hudson Av.
Norwood
Bluestein, S., 4539 Main
Dorfman, J. G., 3935 Elsmere Av.
Salman, J.. 4636 Main
Stuhlbarg, H. M., 4405 Ashland Av.
Orrville
Barnett. R.
Perllsteln, Mrs. J., 311 S. Main
Piqua
Special Member
Flesh, Henry, Citizens Natl. Bk.
Annual Members
Dogan, S.
Kahn, A., 419 N. Wayne
107
Digitized by
Google
502
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Ohio Kastner, J. M., 507 Wood
Louis, Leo, 621 N. Caldwell
Louis, Meyer, Boone St.
Louis, R., Boone St.
Sachs. I. W.. 117 W. Market
Wachosky, H., 216 N. Main
Portsmouth
Library Member
Horchow, Saml., 1307 4th
Special Member
Schapiro, A., 777 2d
Annual Members
Atlas, Henry
Brown, Jos., 813 Gallia
Haas, Felix, 1622 5th
Haas, Max, 1704 Baird Av.
Hammel, A., 306 Chillicothe
Jacobs, P., 309 Washington
Lehman, M., 938 2d
Levi, Saml., 1745 6th
Pollak, I., 920 Gallia
Quasser, Ike, 928 3d
Reisner, J., 703 Chillicothe
Schloss, Saml. M., 721 9th
Ravenna
Fox, M.
Greenberg, Philip. 633 W. Main
Klein, M. J., 553 N. Diamond
Markowltz, M., 257 W. Main
Schwartz, F., Dawson Blk.
St. Marys
Bamberger, L.
Minowitz S. A.
Rosenthal, M. A.
Victor. J.
Sandusky
Kaplan, Saml., 735 Central Av.
Herman, J. H., 528 Market
Isaacs, Harry
Sidney
Halberstein, L.
Rosenthal, J., Louise Ter.
Shalf, H., 130 Poplar
Springfield
Altschul, Mrs. S., 1205 S. Limestone
Ebner, Jos., 26 E. Cassidy
Gimble, A. S., 117 W. Mulberry
Jaffa, S. J., 125 W. Euclid Av.
Kleeman, M. L., 1002 S. Fountain
Av.
LeBolt, Gus, 110 Clifton
Levy, M. D., c/o Mrs. P. Morris, 26
Miller
Salzer, Gus M., Ill E. High
Schadel, J., 222 W. North
Wolpert, Selig, 125 E. High
Steubenvllle
Berger, J., 112 Liberty
Boys' Heb. Club, c/o David Danen-
berg, 115 N. 5th
Caplan, Rev. I., 232 S. 4th
Danenberg, Ben., 153 N. High
Deitz, A. A., 405 S. 3d
Grossman, Jos., 806 6tb
Kempler, W. M.., 433 S. 3d
Levinson, Ralph, S. 4th St.
Pelros, M. S., 625 South
Rosen, Chas., Slack & Linden Av.
Rothstein, J. M., 815 N. 6th
Schmidt, S. H., 625 South
Wolfe, Wm., 450 S. 3d
Tiffin
Nobil, J. M.
Rosenblatt, A., 136 W. Market
Toledo
Library Members
Gerson & Son, I., 2202 Glenwood Av.
Kobacker, Mrs. J. I., 2311 Glenwood
Av.
Silverman, I., 2222 Lawrence Av.
Special Members
Jacobson, Dr. J. H., 239 Michigan
luandman. Otto, 2225 Fulton
Levinson, Dr. L. A., 237 Michigan
Rayman, D., 2042 Vermont Av.
Annual Members
Alexander, Rabbi D., 229 Winthrop
Arenson, H. J., 710 Spitzer
Benowitz, Rev. H., 807 Utica
Bloom, B., 4 Superior
Bloom, J., 820 Walnut
Blumberg, R. M., 522 Adams
Calisch, Sol. H., 2206 Ashland
Cohen, A. S., 2301 Glenwood Av.
Cohn, A. B., 1923 Linwood Av.
Dreyfus, M., 2275 Linonia Av.
Epstein, J. O., 1914 W. 12th
Fine, Robt., 317 Floyd
Geleerd, M., 2232 Scottwood Av.
<4oodkind, S., 116 W. Delaware A v.
Green, B. M., 718 Utica
Jacobson, H. M., 612 Adams
Jules, D., 39 Scottwood Apts.
Kabacker, Mrs. M., 2044 Maplewood
108
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
503
Levin, Louis, 41 Summit
Levison, Harry, 2226 Putnam
Levitt, L, 2012 Scliool PI.
Nathanson, I., 2055 Franklin Av.
Newman, A., 530 North
Newman, M., 931 Michigan
Newman, Meyer, 1930 Franklin
Rosenthal, E. M., 2304 Robinwood
Shaw, H., 2377 Vermont
Shaw, Jos., 2236 Vermont Av.
Shomer Emoonlm Sabbath School
Weintraub, J., 25 Summit
Yeater, G., 2316 Auburn Av.
Ziegler, Mrs. Jos., 2429 Putnam
TThrichsville
Katzenstein, J.
Thalheimer, Fred., 318 E. 3d
Upper Sandusky
Goodman, H. A.
Stern, Jacob
Van Wert
Joffe, Wm., 216 N. Market
Wapakoneta
Bimstein, A.
Kohn, C. M., 32 Anglonize
Kopelov, B.. 105 E. Anglonize
Washington C. H.
Katz, Leo.
Wellston
Oury, E., 419 Michigan Av.
Splra, J. G., 4 Broadway
Wellsville
Cooper, M. A.
Goetz, J.
Schonbach, P., 951 Main
Wilmington
Special Membek
Kaufman, Isidor
Annual Member
Goodman, S.
Wooster
Amster, N., Quinbv Av.
Bloomberg, M., 450 N. Bever
Freedlander, Mrs. I., 412 N. Buckeye
Freedlander, Mrs. J. S., 402 N.
Buckley
Prledlander, Mrs. H.. 418 N. Buckley
Lieofsky, A., 250 S. Market
Shapiro, M.
Xenia
Ohio
Hyman, L. S.
Youngstown
Library Members
Wilkoff, Ike, 359 Arlington
WllkoflP, Wm., 287 Madison Av.
Special Members
Bernstein, B. H., 104 Willis Av.
Guthman, E. L, 210 N. Phelps
Klevans, I., 1400 Ohio Av.
Lauar, S., Box 153
Llebman, L., 268 Lincoln Av.
Moranz, Saml., 4 Short
Ozersky, K, 42 Vick PI.
Philo, Rabbi I. E., 78 Broadway
Steiner, D., 1053 Marshall
Zeve, J. V.
Annual Members
Agreen, S., 212 Emerald
Altshuler, O. H., 714 Ford Av.
Belkln, S., 49 S. Prospect
Brody, J., 703 Hlmrod Av.
Brody, Dr. J. G., 703 Hlmrod Av.
Brunswick, M. E.
Burger, L. B., 1353 Ohio Av.
Crow, Eugene, 1460 Elm
Deltchman, L D., 37 S. Prospect
Edelman, Chas., 133 N. Prospect
Edelman, J., Box 545
Eldelman, M., 129 N. Prospect
Etlnger, H., 1357 Elm
Fish, David, 5 Oak Hill
Fish, Max, 95 E. Dallson
Frankle, A. M., 299 Madison Av.
Friedman, E., 227 Fairgreen
Friedman, J., 43 Central Sq.
Friedman, S., 1535 Ohio Av.
Friedman, S. B., 337 E. Federal
Goldsmith, I. G., 357 Burke
Goldstein, M., 527 Bryson
Grosshandler, R., 222 W. Royen Av.
Guthman, Leo, Dollar Bk. Bldg.
Hain, Max, 139 E. Chalmers A v.
Harrison, M., 1415 Erie
Hartzell, E., 684 Elm
Heyman, B. H., 133 N. Prospect
Hill, M.
Hodes, Albert, 1037 Erie
Isenberg, B. R., 222 W. Royen Av.
Kamenetzky, A., 581 W. Chalmers
Av.
Kaufman, M., 140 Marlon Av.
Kirkorsky, J., 70 Fairmount Av.
Kooperman, A., 19 Holmes
Kornhauser, D., 87 Wick Oval
Leopold, O., 441 Madison Av.
Livingstone, M., 1323 Ohio Av.
109
Digitized by
Google
504
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
OhiQ Lyman, C. B.. 109 Madison Av.
Maj?ld, J., 225 Fulton
Malkin, Jy 106 Grove
Nclman, H., 68 Thornton Av.
Ozersky, B., 7 N. Forest Av.
Ozersky, Myron B., 1035 Erie
Poneman, L. A., 305 W. Royen Av.
Regenstrelck, Louie, 262 Fulton
Rigelhaupt, Henry. E. Federal St
Rodef Sboiem Sabbath School, 217
Custer Av.
Rome, Harry, 239 Kyle
Rosenbaum, Dr. A. M., 1003 Mahon-
ing Bldg.
Schwartz, Harry, 653% Pine
Schwartz, Ignace, 325 Lincoln Av.
Schwartz, Philip, 2115 Kyle
Sedwltz, S. H., Dollar Bk. Bldg.
Shagrin, BIaz, 256 Lincoln Av.
Shulman, B. C., Mahoming Bk. Bldg.
Shulman^Mrs. L. J., 1346 Elm
WllkoflP, b. L., 1401 Ohio Av.
Yarmy, S. J., 817 Ford Av.
Zanesville
Special Membeb
Frank, Moses. 1118 Sunset Av.
Annual Mbmbebs
Brillant, Leo., 210 Mclntire
Levi, Emanuel, 1126 Maple Av.
Rosenberg, Rabbi H., 763 Franklin
Starr, A. B.
Weber, Sam., 421 Convers Av.
Oklahoma
OKLAHOMA
Ardmore
Baum, Henry
Bodovitz, Jake A.
Daube, Mrs. Saml.
Fischel, G.
Goldsmith, Jos.
Kahn, Mrs. J. N.
Loewenstein, A.
Miller, J. M.
Wertheim, Mrs. M.
Cleveland
Ratner, Dave
Durant
Temerlin, Meyer
McAlester
Berlowltz, Louis
Oppenhelm, Saml.
Marietta
Levlne, Slmone
Strauss, Joe
Strauss. Mrs. Sam.
Westhelmer, Mrs. S.
Muskogee
Cohn, Albert, 511 Market
Jakomsky, Mike, 231 N. 8th
Koslosky, Ike, 425 W. 5th
Miller, T., 103 N. Main
Mitchell, Jake, 905 W. Broadway
Moses, A. I., 1416 Columbia Av.
Orblatt, D., 150 N. Main
Stern, H. L., Box 204
Winetrob, J., Ill N. Main
Oklahoma City
Bamett, Ben., 717 W. 18th
Barth, Sol, 723 W. 14th
Blatt, Rabbi Jos., 26 W. 12th
Captain, Joe, 122 W. Calif. Av.
dayman, S. C, 1104 W. Park PL
Fishman, C. J., 1619 N. Kline
Goldstandt, Fred., 618 W. 15th
Goldstein, Louis, 419 E. 5th
Herskowitz, B. N., 711 W. 11th
Heyman, Mrs. S. C. 1320 N. Bway.
Karchmer, Mrs. L., 923 W. Grand
Av.
Lee Bros., 115 W. Washington Av.
Levy, Leon, 601 N. 15th
Liederman, Minnie, 703 B. 2d
Naman, E. A., 141 W. Main
Schlanger, Jos. F., 723 W. 19th
Stein, Nathan, 1219 W. 6th
Perry
Rypins, Fred
Tulsa
Beren, J., 707 S. Ellwood Av.
Blazer, I. E., 221 W. 6th
Bhrlich Bros., 28 E. Ist
Furk, I., 16 S. Main
Madanosky, H., 1428 S. Boston
Madansky, M., 417 S. Houston
Madansky, P., 1205 S. BUwood A v.
Producers Supply Co.
Revel, B., 1101 S. Carson
Rubin, M., 1227 S. Cheyenne
Spitzer, P. A., 312 S. Main
Stekoll, R. A, 1120 S. Guthree
Travis, M. M., World Bldg.
Travis, S. R., 504 S. Ellwood
110
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
505
OREOOK
Oregon
Hosier
Strauss, Edw. M.
Portland
Special Members
Loulsson, Julius, 812 Lovejoy
Nelson, R. C, Board of Trade Bldg.
Selling, Ben, 4tli & Harrison
Annual Members
Bernstein, Mrs. A., 776 Overton
Boskowitz, A., 662 Flanders
Brown, Lewis P., 252 Alder
Cohen, David S., Chamber of Com-
merce
Council of Jew. Women, c/o Neigh-
borhood House, 2d & Wood
Gevurtz, Louis, 225 10th
Goldstein, M. A., 565 5th
Harris, Br. H. J., 306% Grant
Herrman, S. W., 252 Clifton
Hirsch, Mrs. S., 171 St. Clair
Melnlck, Dr. J., 292 Congress
Miller, Alex. E., 148 N. 18th
Mosessohn, D. N., 485 B. 18th
Nemiro, Dr. A. P.. 541 5th
Nemiro, Saml., Alisky Bldg.
Shapiro, Geo., 240 Yamhill
Shemanski, J., 741 Irving
Sichel, M., 721 Johnson
Sichel, Slg, 169 N. 23d
Simon, Hon. Jos., 689 Everett
Teiser, Sidney, 526 20th
Tllzer, Dr. A., Morguam Bldg.
Weinbaum, Edw. N., 997 B. 16th, N.
Wise, Rabbi J. B., 12th & Main
Allegheny
Davis, I. M., 663 Preble Av.
Harter, A., 107 Parkhurst
Allentown
Cohen, Abraham, 408 Hamilton
Cohen, B., 225 Hamilton
Galansky, Jacob, 80 N. 2d
Goldhammer, J., 788 Hamilton
Hess Bros.
Kline, C, Hamilton & Jefferson
Newman, Milton, 18 N. Madison
Parnet, Dr. D. H., 309 N. 2d
Rosenberg, Max, 2d & Liberty
Roth, Mrs. S., 645 N. 2d
Saperstein, Chas., 37 N. 11th
Schattenstein, J., 515 Allen
Siegel, Morris J., 606 Grant
Silberstein, Louis, 644 Front
Whitman, Louis, 1033 Hamilton
Alliquippa
Slesinger, L. H.
Altoona
Abels, Rabbi M. J. S., 8116 Broad
Av.
Abelson, A., 1736 Margaret Av.
Altoona Mechanics' Library
Berman, M., 2022 Broad Av.
Brett, Sol, 1113 17th
Gindel, S., 1809 14th Av.
Hartz, David, 1415 11th Av. ^
Kaufman, Dr. D., 1119 12th Av.
Lederer, H., 28 Goldsmidth Bldg.
Leibowltz, B.. 1310 18th
Leopold, B.. 1128 11th Av.
PENNSYLVANIA
Levine, Saml.. 1703 16th
Lleberman, Rabbi M., 1807 16th Av,
Luddeke, Mrs. F., 1226 11th Av.
March Sons, S., 1224 11th Av.
Sbarsky, J. L, 2509 Broad Av.
Scheeline, I., 2113 Broad Av.
Silverman Bros., 1331 16th
Silverman, L., 40 Washington Av.
Sitnick, Jacob, 923 25th
Slutzker, H., 1219 14th Av.
Y. M. H. A., 11th Av. & 14th
Pennsyl-
vania
Ambridge
Breakstone, J., Merchant St.
Lurie, G. L.
Schwartz, S. W.
Beaver Falls
Brown, Maurice I., 618 8th
Gordon, M., 1113 7th Av.
Markson, H., 818 7th Av.
Pettier, I. William, 713 9th Av.
Reinwasser, Sol, 620 8d Av.
Salmon, Mayer
Solomon, Mrs. Max, 1202 8th Av.
Solomon, Morris, 1708 7th Av.
Trob, J., 411 7th
Washbutzky, L.
Belle y«mon
Special Member
Nayhouse, M.
Annual Member
Goldberg, C. M.
Ill
Digitized by
Google
506
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Pennsyl- Bellefonte
vania p^^jn ^^^^
Brandman, B.
Cohen, Walter, 19 N. Spring
Fauble, Adolph
Finkelstelne, J.
llolz, Mrs. H.
BentleyYille
Sidle, S. A.
Berwick
Schaln, J. M.
Bloomsburff
Alexander, Geo.
Cohen, Lewis, 262 West
Mayer, David, 38 W. 3d
Braddock
Bazeir Rev. Jacob M., 114 11th
Blederman, S., 1030 Braddock Av.
Friedman, Wm., 117 8th
Goldstein, A., 641 Braddock Av.
Hecht, A., 514 4th
Krouse, S. M., 1200 Braddock Av.
Lefkovltz, M., 852 Washington
Llncoflf, F., 214 Braddock
Markowitz, B., 1017 Talbot Av.
Rubensteln, Dr. L. G., 626 4th
Schwartz, B.. 1134 Braddock
Weiss, B., 708 Talbot Av.
Bradford
Special Members
Auerheim, S., 36 Chautauqua PI.
Greenewald, D. C, 79 Main
Harris, Mrs. N. E., 114 South Av.
Krelnson, J., 139 Congress
Annual Members
Berwald, P. M.
Carnegie Public Library, S. L. Sher-
man, Llbr.
Flnkelstein, D., 61 Main
Fischer, Meyer, Main St
Friedman, Sam., 131 Main
Garbarsky, B., 50 Jefferson
Greenberg, A., 35 Boylston
Hesch, J., 89 Main
Krelnson, L. J.
Marks, Jos., 95 School
Menkes, Rev. J^ 9 Tlbbcts Av.
Orange, S., 13 Pearl
Simons, L. N., 86 Congress
Stelnberger, F., 105 Congress
Weiss, John, 68 School
Yampolikl Bros., 10 Mechanic
Yasgur, Abe., 39 Pearl
Brownsville
Altraan, Jno.
Blrkenfeld, Sam.
Khremprles, Geo.
Goldstein, R. S.
Gottesman, Edw.
Krauss, Max G.
Miller, Abe
Mosesson, M.
Butler
Cohn, A. H., 210 Elm
Cohn, Saml. N., 108 S. Main
Ilorwltz, Wm., 170 Oak
StecJe, Florence, 308 W. CunnlDg-
ham
California
LiBBABY Member
Winer, S. Z.
Annual Member
Avner, Max
Cannonsburg
Davis, Peter, 38 W. Pike
Horowitz, B. H., 44 W. Pike
Katz, Jacob, 179 E. Pike
Levin, J. D., 201 E. Pike
Levin, Morris, 160 E. Pike
Carlisle
Berg, Selma, 55 S. College
Carnegie
Bachrach, Rev. J.. 314 Jane
Illrsh, Jos., 11 4th Av.
Sherman, Markus, 205 Broadway
York, Jacob T.
Charleroi
Greenberg, N., 328 Washington Av.
Llchter, Jos.
Porter, H.
Chester
Berman, Frank, 214 Penna.
Dunn, Dr. L. S., 2409 W. 3d
Glnns, Chas., 26 W. 3d
r^ssy, A. E., 2628 W. 3d
Ivevy, Moses, 15 W. 3d
Rosenthal, S., 206 W. 3d
Turk, Simon, 532 E. Broad
Wolson, A. W., 213 W. 7th
Coatesvllle
Apfelbaum, Louis, 356 Main
Braunsteln, Isaac, 587 Chestnut
Chertock, Meyer, 302 W. Main
112
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
507
Cohen, H. D.
Cohen, Wm. I., 141 S. 3d Av.
Edelstein, S. M., 624 Walnut
Ettelson, Jos., 123 Strode Av.
Gerson, Saml.
Goldberg, B., 3d & Chestnut
Goldberg, I., 589 Chestnut
Lipkin, P., 585 Chestnut
Marcus, J.
Margolis, M., 75 S. 5th Av.
Margolis, Dr. M.
Ralph, Jos., 128 S. 3d Av.
Trachtenberg, L., 16 S. 1st Av.
Columbia
Goldman, Jacob
Morris, Wm., 241 Locust
Wender, Louis, 262 Locust
Connellfvllle
Goldsmith, Henry, 148 W. Main
Oppenheim, Saml. D., 124 Pitt
Strauss, Rev. S.
Y. M. H. A., c/o S. D. Oppenheim
Conway
Stein, M.
Corry
Brodsky, Anna M., 143 E. Main
Crafton
Krleger, Mrs. L., 225 Crafton Av.
Danville
Marks,' R. L.
Darby
Greenbaum, M., 504 Main
Harrison, Nath. F., 522 Main
Dickson City
Cantor, Dr. Aaron S., 862 Main
Raker, H., 851 Main
Donora
Altman, Wm., 805 McKean Av.
Miller, Mose, 228 10th
Saul, Chas., 211 5th
Dunlo
Levine, Elliott Ben.
East Stroud sburgr
Shultz, S.
Easton
Brown, J., 121 S. 4th
Grollman, B., 141 Northampton
Kaplan, M., 208 Northampton
Kline, J., 343 Northampton
Mayer, H., 41 S. 10th
Mayer, Jacob, 50 N. 9th
Ralph, L. M., 137 N. 7th
Y. M. H. A., 698 Northampton
Edinburg
Dunn, Rev. D. Ralph
Elkins Park
Patron
Wolf, Louis
Library Member
Wolf, August
Annual Members
Bowers, Lee S.
Magill, Saml. N.
Erie
Special Members
Baker, Isaac, 421 W. 6th
Schlosser, B., 434 W. 10th
Sobel, Isador, 644 W. 7th
Annual Members
Amdur, M., 1129 State
Baker, Isaac, 501 State
Cohen, M., 1028 Chestnut
Currick, Rabbi M. C, 433 W. 7th
Eisenberg, H. M., 814 N. 8th
Emerman, F. H., 916 French
Ostrow, Mrs. S., 662 W. 9th
Renet, Abe, 10 W. 18th
Rosenthal, H., 1022 Myrtle
Rosenthal, I., 136 W. 26th
Rosin, C, 1313 Parade
Samuel, Jacob, 1710 Peach
Schaflfner, J., 325 W. 9th
SchaflPner, M., 134 W. 20th
SchaflCner, M., 339 W. 21st
Schuster, Abram, 1920 Peach
Silin, Isaac J., 1041 W. 9th
Simon, Louis, 259 E. 11th
Warner, Edgar, 619 W. 8th
Wolff, N., 218 E. 13th
Zachs, J. H., 1222 W. 10th
Zacks, H. L., 20th & Ash
Farrell
Special Member
Newman, D., c/o 1st Natl. Bk.
Stahl, n. L., 410 Union
Penn^l-
vania
113
Digitized by
Google
508
AME3RICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Pennsyl- Annual Mbmbbbs
Tanift ^^igp j^ iQoi i^aljQ
Brown, Rev. M., 1018 Greenfield Av.
Collins, I., 112 Idaho
Frank, Sadie, 1001 Fruit Av.
Gelbman, J., 1102^ N. Lee Av.
Goldberger, B., 511 Wallis A v.
Goldberger, Jos.. 913 Broadway
Greenborg, M., 1003 Broadway
Hess, Simon, 401 Dan Av.
Kress, Saml., 520 Idaho
Lazerovitz, M., 200 Idaho
Marlcowltz, M., 921 Broadway
May, Patricic, 600 Spearman Av.
Mlntz, Saml., Broadway
Moslcovitz, M., 919 Broadway
Nathan, Frank, 911 Broadway
Nathan, I., Broadway
Nathan, Myer
Neiman, Jacob, 608 Idaho
Payne, A., 1017 Broadway
Rosenberg, Morris
Schlesinger, I. G., 409 Fruit Av.
Speizer, Mark
Wiener, K., 1000 Broadway
Wise, Bdw.
Franklin
Carnick, J.
Friedman, H. A., 1209 Franklin Av.
Freedom
Finn, A.
Margolis, H., 3d A v.
Freeland
Stelner, Jos., 60 S. Centre
Oreengburg
Friedman, G., 209 Harrison Av.
Goldenson, M. J., 119 Alwine Av.
Kahanowitz I., 112 Washington
Morris. Raphael
Ziskind, Jos., 4th & Penna. Av.
Greenville
Bender, Saml.
Friedman, E., 81 Shenango
Goldsmith, M., 72 Shenango
Heese, Abe
Harrifburg
Claster, Henry C, 2001 N. 3d
Claster, Jos., 801 N. 2d
Cohen, Levin, 718 N. 7th
Freund, Rabbi C. J., 1932 N. 3d
Goldman, Dr. L. C, 417 North
Goldsmith, Jos., 209 Locust
Hirschler, A., 803 N. 6th
Kades, Sand., 1813 2d
Kamsky, L., 218 Hamilton
Levlnson, S., 1028 Market
Rosenberg, B., 1835 Whitehall
Silver, Rabbi L., 625 Boas
Winfield, M. E., 608 State
Zuckerman, H., 38 N. 10th
Haitingt
Covitch, Ben.
Eayi
Cohen, Saml., 1006 5th Av.
Hasleton
Special Membebs
Friedlander, I., 715 W. Diamond Av.
Friedlander, M., 103 W. Diamond
Av.
Annual Membebs
Benjamin, Mrs. D., 95 N. Vine
Bergman, Wm., 83 N. Wyoming
Dessun, Dr. L. R., 26 W. Diamond
Av.
Hyman, J., W. Diamond Av.
Janowitch, J. H., 128 S. Laurel
Leichtman, C, 229 E. Broad
Roman, Louis, 89 N. Vine
Schwartz, R., 26 W. Broad
Smulyan, S., 239 S. Wyoming
Stelner, David, 72 N. Wyoming
Highland Park *
Leonard, Jacob N.
Homestead
Eskovitz, A., 503 5th Av.
Lasdusky, Jos., 337 8th Av.
Sapeer, Uyman, 513 8th Av.
Weis, Jacob, 1203 Glenn
Houtzdale
Feldman, Mrs. R.
Huntington
Mayer, Hugo
Saltzman, LouiSj609 Moore
Swartz, C, 603 Washington
Irvln
Kaplan, S. W.
Jenkintown
Loeb, Rudolf, 227 Summit Av.
114
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
509
Jolmstown
Block, D. I.. 122 Walnut
Fisher, J., 327 Stonrcreek
Glosser, Nathan, 639 Horner
Glosser, Saml., 20 River Av.
Gottdiener, Adolf, 103 Broad
Katzenstein, J., 409 Vine
Nathan, M.
Schwartz, Max, 516 Main
Shapiro, Harry C, 118 Main
Suchman, Oscar, 213 Broad
Tikvath Zion Society
Kane
Elson, T.
Gruskin, Rabbi S., 603 Welsh
Hirshenson, A^ Chase St.
Strauss, Max, 526 Greeves
Lebanon
Silberman, Max
Lehighton
Greenbaum, Mrs. R., 197 South
Gruneberg, Leo. C.
Losos, Ben.
Rauscher, Emanuel, Box 40
Sondheim, Sam. H.
Weiss, Wm., Box 40
Lock Haven
Claster, Harris
Claster, M. L., 46 W. Bald Eagle
Hallem, J.
Upez, Max J., 44 Bellefont Av.
Luzerne
Freedman, Max, Freedman Bldg.
Pennqrl-
vania
Kittannlng
Special Member
Lyndora
Kevins, L. H.
Annual Members
Gruskin, A. S.
Joseph, Mrs. Betty
Kaufman, S. L.
Kambach, D.
Eskovltz, J.
Friedman, Jacob
McDonald
Levlson, M. H.
Stein, d H.
Lancaster
Canter, A. J., 15 S. Queen
Cohn, E. M., 713 N. Duke
Cohn, Myer, 46 S. Prince
Eisenberg, Robt.. 519 Chester Av.
Gansman, A., 508 N. Duke
Golden, Isaac, 722 E. King
Hush, M. B., 21 N. Lime
Kramer, L. A., 117 E. Lemon
Lestz, J. L., 511 S. Shipper
Lestz, Saml., 552 S. Lime
Liveright, H^ 127 College Av.
Mlchelman, J. H., 58 S. Franklin
Pirosh, Wm., 20 N. Queen
Rosenthal, Rev. I., 138 E. Clay
Shaarai Shomayim Congr. Liby.
Siesel, Saml., 649 W. Chestnut
Latrobe
Special Member
Lowenstein, Fred., 218 Depot
Annual Members
Bigg, Bernard, 1002 Ligonier
May, Saml., 814 Ligonier
Miller, S., 1002 Ligonier
Tapolsky, H., 620 Miller
Tucker, B., 709 Ligonier
Y. P. H. A., 218 Depot
MoKeei Books
Middleman, S., S23 Oliva
Ruslander, M., 635 Woodward Av.
Silverman, A., 337 Helen
Silverman, M.
Zionts, Louis A., 318 Helen
McKeesport
Amper, A. M., 1010 Walnut
Barney, H. R., 704 Wylle Av.
Blattner, I. S., 553 6th Av.
Book, Max, 109 8th
Broder, Fiszel, 423 9th Av.
Degner, Julius, 125 7th
Farkas, Dr. John D., 115 8th Av.
Finlcel, Abe, 725 5th Av.
Fried, Henry, 541 5th Av.
Friedman, Henry, 422 Locust
Kaplan, A., 202 5th Av.
Kessler, Philip, 206% Market
Moskowitz Bros., 524 5th Av.
Neufeld, Abe, 749 Jenny Lind
Ruben, Jos. H., Ruben Bldg.
Sunstein, Dr. Noah, 607 Shaw Av.
Victor, 1., The Savoy
Weiss, Morris Z., 623 5th Av.
Mahanoy
Angel, Rev. N., 328 West Center
Y. M. H. A.
116
Digitized by
Google
510
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Pennsyl- Marble Hall
^»°^* Quinto, Oscar B., Lafayette Hill
Mauch Chunk
Ileiligman, Simon
Weiss, S., Jr.
Meadow Brook
Library Member
Lit, Saml. D.
Meadville
Fine, Saml.
Rutner, I., 1317 Park Av.
Minersville
Brownman, S.
Cohen, I.
Jacobs, L.
Krasne, J.
Lappln, Harry
Stern, Louis
Tucker, S.
Monaca
Barnett, Wm.
Levine, A.
Sobel, Max
Stein, Chas.
Monessen
Brenner, Philip, 566 Donner Av.
• Janovitz, M., 431 Schoonmaker Av.
Levendorf, Rev. H., 419 Parlcway
Racz, J. H.
Rozner, M., 251 Schoonmaker Av.
Safier, Jos., 423 Parkway
Tanzer, Alfred
Monongahela City
Brody, Herman J., 1011 Main
Cohn, Ben.
Ginsberg, Arthur
Goldstein, Harry, 310 4th
Morton
Gold, B.
Mount Airy
Nusbaum, E., 143 W. Sharpnack
Nusbaum, J., 135 W. Sharpnack
Weyl, M. N., 731 Lincoln Drive
Mount Oarmel
Block, Will, 50 S. Oak
Bloom, Morris
Cohen, A. II., 141 S. Oak
Cohen, Nathan, 130 Oak
Grossman, H. J., 341 West Av.
Grossman, Louis, 321 S. Oak
Karns, Simon, 2 S. Oak
Liachowltz, J. L., 136 S. Oak
Rablnowltz, C, 41 S. Oak
Rablnowitz, Rev. S., 22 W. 5th
Schlenger, M., 115 S. Oak
Smlgolsky, S.
Strauss Bros.
Uuger, D. A.
Mount Joy
Beneman, I. D.
Mount Pleasant
Gerechter, Richard
Kobacker, H.
Kew Brighton
Brown, Louis
Saul, Ellis S., 909 3d Av.
New Caf tie
Aronson, M., 1327 Moravia
Brolda, S.
Cohen, L. F., 1206 1^ Pollock Av.
Cosel, Mrs. J., 35 N. Mercer
Cosel, Jacob, 1602 Delaware Av.
Cukerbraum, M. L., 1114 S. Mills
Feuchtwanger, Mrs. H., 123 N. Mer-
cer
Fisher, M. L., 15 Gertranal
Frank, D.. 120 E. Long A v.
Kllvans, S., 118 Washington
Levin, S., 1330 Moravia
Levine, J., 1105% S. Mercer
Itosenblum, H., 406 Bell Av.
Wachs, A. I., 28 W. Long Av.
Kew Kensington
Claster, I., 4th Av. & 10th
Elges, J., 933 5th Av.
Kopelman, H., 4th A v. & 11th
Leven, David
Lewis, Myer
Margolls, J.
Miller, D.
Serbin, L., 980 5th Av.
Slegel, Julius, 4th Av.
Norristown
Bloch, S. E., 524 Hairs Av.
Hurwltz, Harry, 178-80 Bridge
North Water Gap
Davidson, Rev. Dr. D., Cooll)OUgh
116
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
511
Northumberland
Schwartz, Wm.
Norwood
Goldbaum, Jacob S.
Ogontz
Blum, Gabriel
Bowers, Chas. S., 26 Park Av.
Oil City
Broida Bros.. Box 214
Flnessinger, Rev. H. J., 95 Spruce
Hershfield, Mrs. B., 19 Center
Jacobs, Max
Keller, S., Ill N. 5th
Levensohn, Rev. M. G., 210 Spruce
Lewis, Saml., 311 W. 3d
Rosenberg, B.. 219 Seneca
Salovey, Jacob
Olyphant
Needle, Harry, Connell Bldg.
Philadelphia
Life Members
Bloch, S. L, Broad & Wallace
Louchheim, Jos., Est. of, 1421 N.
Broad
Silberman, Mrs. S., 1727 Spring
Garden
Rnellenburs:, N., 12th & Market
Snellenbursr. S., 12th & Market
Teller, Mrs. B. F., 1727 Spring
Garden
Patrons
Fels, Maurice, 4305 Spruce
Fels, S. S., 39th & Walnut
Flelsher, Edwin A., 2220 Green
Oerstley, L., 1411 N. Broad
Miller, Simon, 16th & Poplar
Sulzberger, Hon. M.. 1303 Girard Av.
Wolf, Albert. 330-48 N. 12th
Wolf, Ben., 1313 N. Broad
Wolf, Clarence. 1515 N. Broad
Wolf, Edwin, 1517 N. 16th
Library Members
Blumenthal, Hart, 1921 N.«Park Av.
Fernberger, Henry, 1306 N. Broad
Flelsher, Mover, 2223 Green
Fleisher, S. B., 2220 Green
Gimbel, Jacob, 2115 Spring Garden
Keneseth Israel Congr., Broad above
Columbia Av.
Kohn, H. E., 5847 Woodbine Av.
Lit, J. D., 8th & Market
Mercantile Club, 1422 N. Broad Pennsyl-
Rothschild, E. L, 1823 Diamond vania
Wolf, Edw., 1323 N. Broad
Y. M. H. A., 1616 Master
Special Members
Aaron, M. N., 217 Apsley, Gtn.
Abrahams, S., 3119 Diamond
Abrahams, Wm., 3112 Montgomery
Av.
Adler, Dr. Cyrus, 2041 N. Broad
AUman, H. D., 3819 Walnut
Bamberger, A. J., 1828 Girard A v.
Bamberger, L. J., 1421 Chestnut
Bronner, M. H., 10th & Diamond
Coons, Mrs. Eva, 1510 Girard Av.
Espen, Hannah, 1908 Spring Garden
Feldenheimer, Jos., Jefferson & Ran-
dolph
Feustmann, M., 1416 Girard Av.
Finstenberg, Mrs. F. Muhr, 2315 N.
Broad
Fleisher, B. W., 2301 Green
Fleisher, Louis, 2045 Green
Fleisher, S. S., 2220 Green
Furth, Emanuel, 1218 Chestnut
Gerstley, Wm., 1409 Broad
Gimbel, Mrs. B.. 914 N. Broad
Gimbel, Chas., 1300 N. Broad
Goodman, E. W., 2320 N. Park Av.
Greenberg, S., 1337 N. Broad
Hackenburg, Mrs. W. B., 953 N. 8th
Hackenburg, Wm. B.. 953 N. 8th
Hagedorn, Jos. H., 3d & Brown
Hecht, L, 1218 Chestnut
Hirschberg, H., 308 N. 3d
Hochman L., 2039 E. Allegheny Av.
Hyneman, J. E., 420 Walnut
Kaas, Andrew. 1510 Chestnut
Kaufman, M. A., 2110 Spring Garden
Kirschbaum, S., 1820 Spring Garden
Kohn, Louis, 3214 Montgomery Av.
Kohn, Simon I., 1525 N. 16th
Lang, Morris, Hotel Lorraine
Langsdorf, I., 1432 Girard Av.
Levy, Max, 220 W. Roberts Av.
Liver ight, Mrs. S., 910 N. Broad
Loeb, Horace, 1410 Chestnut
Loeb, Leo, 929 N. 8th
Louchheim, J. A., 1809 Spring
Garden
Lubin, S., 1608 N. 15th
Merz, Mrs. D., 35th & Powelton Av.
Merz, Leon, 3d & Brown
Miller, Wm. W., Wm. Penn Theatre
Morris, Wm., Norfolk Apts.
Neumann, M. D., 1622 Erie Av.
Nusbaum, Harry, 112 Gowen Av.
Rosenbach, Philip H., 1505 N. 15th
Rosenheim, Mrs. A. I., 919 N. 15th
Selig, Emil, 1511 N. 16th
117
Digitized by
Google
512
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Pcniayl. Sellg, Sol., 1417 Erie Av.
vania Silverman, Wm., 6th & South
Singer, J., 1218 Chestnut
Smellow, I., 3221 W. Morris
Snellenburg, J. N., 12th & Market
Stern, Edw., 1805 Spring Garden
Straus, K., 1720 Memorial Av.
Strouse, N. B., 1934 Diamond
Sulzberger, J. E., 1303 Girard Av.
Sussklnd, S. J., 1805 N. 33d
Sycle, M., 41st & Parkside Av.
Teller, O. B., 903 N. 8th
Walter, H. J., 2312 N. Broad
Waltman, A., 61 N. 9th
Wasserman, B. J., Hotel Majestic
Wasserman, I., 1846 N. 17th
Weil, D. G., 4739 Cedar Av.
Weyl, J., 140 N. 6th
Annual Members
Aarons, A., Penn Sq. Bldg.
Aarons, G. P., 1909 N. Park Av.
Abrahamson. Dr. P., 1341 S. 6th
Abrams, H. S.. 1723 Marlton Av.
Abrams, J., 226 N. 5th
Abramson, A. M., 988 N. 6th
Abramson. B., 1007 N. 7th
Acron, Dr. Jno., 421 S. 8th
Adath Jeshurun Library
Agrin, M., 605 Porter
Aisenstein & Gordon, 331 South
Alexander, B., 1326 Chpstnut
Alexander, C, 890 N. 23d
Alkus, M., 2018 N. 22d
Allen, Amelia J.. 1412 N. 13th
AUman, J. P., 1508 Oxford
Altman. T., 1417 Diamond
Altschuler, M., 8th & Morris
Amram, D. W.. 624 W. Cllvlden Av.
Appel, A. M., 720 N. 20th
Applebaum, M.. 1640 N. 8th
Apt, M., 3147 Diamond
Apt, Max, 6729 N. 13th
Armon, A., 4056 Parkside Av.
Arnold, A. S., 438 Walnut
Arnold, Corlnne B., 1419 Master
Arnold, Mrs. M., 221 N. 34th
Arnold. P., 2113 Spring Garden
Aron, Max^903 N. Franklin
Arronson, H., Bulletin Bldg.
Ash, Isaac, 4176 Leldy A v.
Asher, Dr. J. M.. 1335 N. Broad
Asher, S. S., 1858 N. 16th
Atchick, I., 4632 Edmund
Atlas, D., 1319 N. Franklin
Atlas, J., 1515 N. Marshall
Bacharach, Mrs. A., 2114 Tioga
Bacharach, Wm., 3644 N. 23d
Bachman, F. H., 1512 Chestnut
Baer. J., 417 W. Chelten Av.
Baerncopt J.. 1618 N. 30th
Baird, P., 1018 Ritner
Ballen. B., 1827 S. 7th
Ballen, J., 2144 N. Front
Ballen, M., 726 Pine
Bamberger. A. J., 12th & Cherry
Bamberger, Mrs. P., 1928 Spring
Garden
Banks, P., 1736 South
Barenbaum, Sol.. 2416 N. 32d
Barlow, Dr. A., 1431 N. Franklin
Barol, A., 2469 Douglass
Barol, H., 1417 S. 4th
Barr, M., 1011 S. 3d
Bauer, G., 1817 Venango
Bauer, Jacob, 330-48 N. 12th
Baum, I., 1723 Diamond
Baum, Lk S.. 3216 Diamond
Bnnm. N . 2125 Orntz Ay.
Haylsflu, 1., 490(^ Woodland A v.
Bayuk, Max, Sd ft Sprure
Baynk, Meyf r. ^6 & Spruce
Bayuk, Ji^,, Sd at Spruce
R<>fkpr, Tk. 4riT N. Amfrlcon
RpckfT, n.. riiln* Walnut
RrhFil, H. S.. rturtfl. Bids.
'Bvhf*'U(]. J . , 4 1 n ljOCn»t A V ,
Rehrend, Tir. ^^. 1427 N. Uroad
Bell>er, A. S., 1641 N. nancock
Belber, H. O., 1300 Hunting Park
Av.
Belber, H. S.. 1641 N. Hancock
Belber, Dr. M. Y., 6th & Pine
Boll, L., 5th * Jackson
Bell, S., 733 Jackson
Bellow, J. I., 5100 Parkside Av.
Belmont, T^o. 1906 N. 32d
Benamv, M. J., 3042 York
Bender, Joe. 2528 Ridge Av.
Bender, O. G., 1319 8. FalrbiU
Rondiner, H., 1818 W. Erie Av.
Benoliel, S. D., 4508 Tx)cust
Berenstein, L. C, 2203 N. 33d
Berg, Abram, 887 N. 23d
Berg, Gertrude. 3336 N. 16th
Berg, J. M., 3115 N. 16tb
Berg, Max, 2319 N. Broad
Berg, N., 141 Aosley
Berger, D., 1737 N. 32d
Berkman, A., 2610 N. 33d
Berkowltz, A., 2034 S. 6th
Berkowltz, Rev. Dr. Henry, Broad &
Jefferson
Berkowltz, Minnie H., 44th & Park-
side Av
Berliner, I.. 414 Wood
Berlizheimer, D. T., 2020 N. Park
Av.
Berman, Aaron, 6019 Market
Berman, H., 608 South
Berman, L., 6019 Market
118
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
613
Berman, S., 924 Chestnut
Berman, Rev. P. M.. 1024 Wolf
Bernhelm, Dr. A,, 1225 Spruce
Bernheimer. L. G., 4535 Pulaski A v.
Bernstein, C, 2020 N. 32d
Bernstein. S.. 1707 S. ISth
Bers, A. M., 1725 N. 33d
Bettelheim, F., 1731 Marlton Av.
Blberman, .T. M., 1006 N. 23d
BIberman, Jos., 140 N. 13th *
Blberman, L., 1932 N. 23d
Biembaum, M. H., Stephen Oirard
Bids.
Binder, Dr. I.. 813 S. 3d
Blnswanjrer, B.. 1619 N. 16th
Bimbaum, B., 1236 N. 6th
Blackman. <5eo.. 1510 Federal
Blanc. Saml.. 5178 Parkside Av.
Blieden, G. L.. Stephen Girard Bldg.
Blieden. Dr. M. 8., 1318 S. 5th
Bloch« Mrs. M. L., 1633 N. 33d
Bloom. S. S., 1915 N. 33d
Bloomberir. L. M.. Ill N. Hobart
Blnesteln, S., 4949 Chestnut
Blum. D., 2156 N. Franklin
Blnmber«r. D., 1016 Ridjre Av.
Blumbercr, L.. 514 N. 4th
Blumenthal. J., 2315 N. 2l8t
Blnmenthal. Wm., 1028-27 Race
Bochroch. Dr. M. H.. 1539 Pine
Boi?otin. Dr. S. F., 622 S. 3d
Bomstefn, B., 1512 N. Franklin
Borowskv, G., 430 South
Bortln, David, 1218 Chestnut
Branskv. S. B., 1935 N. 33d
Brash. Mrs. E. M.. 621 Lincoln Drive
Braslawsky, H., 519 S. 4th
Braude. H. W.. 5920 Walnut
Brav, Dr. A., 917 Soruce
Brav, Dr. H. A.. 1933 N. Broad
Brav, Victor, 1846 N. Natrona
Brenner. Dr. M. B.. 513 Pine
Brenners, H. A.. 515 Pine
Breskln, A.. 8th * Dickinson
Breakman, R.. 1943 N. 3l8t
Brian, A. J.. La^d Title Bldg.
Brod, H., 6057 Pine
Brod. Jo^., 5145 ParHsh
Bronner. Mrs. H., 1535 Girard Av.
Broude, H. J., 812 S. 2d
Brown, B., 3250 Huntingdon
Brown. C, 6152 Walton Av.
Brown, 8. T., 6302 N. Park Av.
Brown, 8. S., 2934 Nicholas
Brown, Wm. A., 804 S. 60th
Brylawski, Mrs. B., 626 W. Cliveden
Av.
Brylawskl, M., 3236 Berks
Buchsbanm & Son. 8., 1827 N. 33d
Burak, Morris, 1907 N. 33d
Burd, A, M., X719 N. Franklin
Burger, Rabbi A., 1839 N. 7th Penn^l-
Bumstlne, J., 127 N. 10th v*nia
Bumstine, J. I.. 1936 N. 7th
Bursteln, H., 709 Filbert
Bythiner, L., 1715 Master
Cahan, L, H.. 1338 Arch
Cahan, S., 864 N. 10th
Cantor, A., 5162 Parkside Av.
Cantor, D. S., 2010 N. 2l8t
Cantor, H. L., 2943 Frankford Av.
Cantor, M. H., 5140 Parkside Av.
Caplan, J. L., 208 N. 50th
Caplan, Jos., 234 N. 33d
Cassett, L. N.. 4524 Locust
Chabrow, D. P.. 3221 W. Turner
Chalken. Dr. J. B., 924 N. 11th
Chamey. B. N.. 5th & Pine
Chertcoff, H., 735 Filbert
Chodowski, Mrs. H., 1527 N. Frank-
lin
Clyman, Dr. J. H., 1363 German-
town Av.
Cohen, Dr. A. J., 723 Pine
Cohen, Albert. 5725 Cedar
Cohen & Co., M., 53 N. 3d
Cohen, Charity Soils. 1537 N. 8th
Cohen, C. J., 510 Ludlow
Cohen, B. J., 503 S. 2d
Cohen, H., 424 Walnut
Cohen, H., 2826 N. 27th
Cohen, I., 2037 Dickinson
Cohen, J. I., 1904 Erie Av.
Cohen. Dr. J. S„ 2032 8. 6th
Cohen, L., 811 McKean
Cohen, L., 6th & Dickinson
Cohen, L., 3802 N. 18th
Cohen, Max, 617 Snyder A v.
Cohen, Dr. Myer S., 4102 Girard Av.
Cohen, Ralph, 332 Reed
Cohen, S.. 1522 N. Newkirk
Cohen, Dr. S. Soils, 1525 Walnut
Cohlberg, .T., 1330 Lycomlc
Cohn^nA. S., 1618 Diamond
Cohn, B. R.. Land Title Bldg.
Cohn, G., 5518 N. Lawrence
Cohn, H. .L, 68th Av. & 13th
Cohn, S. M., 610 Arch
Cooper, I. H., 316 N. 2d
Cournos. G. W., 2d & JeflTerson
Cowan, Dr. A., 1118 Chestnut
Cowan, Dr. M. J., 2732 Girard Av.
Coyne, M. A., 2821 N. Broad
Craft. H., 155 S. 60th
Cramer, Jos., 210 N. 13th
Cravis, M., 1817 N. 32d
Crown, Abe, 1240 South
Crown, M., 403 Moore
Dalsimer, L.. Lorraine Hotel
Dannenbaum, M.. 808 Arch
Dannenberg, G., 1747 N. 33d
Daroff, H., 1813 N. 33d
110
Digitized by
Google
514
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Pennsyl- Davldoff, S., 1963 Stanley
vania r)ej?enstein. D.. 2840 Diamond
Dollheim, E., 16th & Susquehanna
Av.
Deutsch, Saml., 2314 N. Park Av.
DeYoung, B. I., 5990 Woodbine
Diamond, Dr. H. N., 2136 S. 5th
miphp^mor, F . 3121 Diamond
|t.i]it<infiisfl. H., -nr» Pine
l>ii?lfU3, M.. 15ini Diamond
Dnblns, J.^ 0054 Catherine
l>vlHsky, U.. TSy Ransom
Dvoi-Hlti. 8. B., iMn N. Marshall
KckKteio. Wm., Ifi09 N. 11th
fCdelatdn, ,r., IfHR S. 4th
K^ol, J. W., 4l4fl Leidy Av.
Ebrpni*(?lt:h, R. l::!J6 N. Front
VAvhh^t]'/, A., V-i»N N. Broad
Einfeld, Wm. J., 1'1'09 N. Broad
Rinsohn, A., 944 N. 4th
Elseman, F. F., 816 N. 5th
Elsenberg, M., 3227 Susquehanna
Av.
Elsenberg, S.. 2820 Kensington Av.
Eisner, M.. 620 N. 2d
Ellel, Mrs. L. S., 1421 N. Broad
Ellkofsky, L., 3201 Montgomery Av.
Ellis Bros., 329 Pine
Ellman, B.. 47 N. 6th
Elmaleh. Rov. U H.. 2322 N. Broad
Engel, H. W., 3231 Oxford
Engels, L., 1823 N. Franklin
Englander, D.. 314 Cathefine
Englander, Dr. L., 960 N. Franklin
Englander, S., Crozer Bldg. '
Epstein, A., 1542 Race
Eshner, Dr. A. A., 1019 Spruce
Espen, F. B.. 4260 Parkside Av.
Espen, Hannah, 1908 Spring Garden
Estls, W., 709 Sansom
Ettelson. 11. J., 6024 Wash. Av.
Ettelson, Mrs. Wm., 3012 Euclid Av.
Faggen, H.. 1834 N. 7th
Faggen, N., 10th & Diamond
Falkove, I., 17.54 N. 8th
Farber, Mrs. R., 221 Fitzwater
Farbish, S. A., 3820 Smedley
Eastman, A., 505 South
Fayer, A., 324 Spruce
Fayer, J. A., 6006 Market
Felgenbaum, B., 2442 N. 19th
Pelnberg, L., 413 Christian
Feingold, M., 2439 N. 33d
Feinstein, L., 1000 S. 4th
Feinsteln, M. A., 10th & Poplar
Feldman, Dr. D., 1334 S. 4th
Feldman, IT., 3205 Ridge Av.
Feldman, J., 1017 Jackson A v.
Feldman, Jos., 1436 Poplar
Feldman, M., 5th & Pine
Feldman, M., 51st & Walnut
Feldman, S., 1004 Betz Bldg.
Feldman, S. H., 1032 Poplar
Feldscher, Wm. J.. 920 N. 16th
Fellheimer, A., 3656 N. 2l8t
Fellman, Dr. M. W., 2356 N. Front
Felt, Saml., 5927 Pine
Fernberger, H. W., 1825 N. 17th
Finberg, B., 717 Walnut
Finberg, R. H., 717 Walnut
Fineman, H., 2813 N. Broad
Fineman, Dr. H. E., 1338 N. Frank-
lin
Fineman, S. S., 4036 Parkside Av.
Finer, M., 1922 Erie Av.
Finestone. I., 2983 Aramingo Av.
Fingles, Dr. A. A., 2229 Vine
Fink, L. M., 229 N. 6l8t
Finkel, M., 5315 Baltimore Av.
Finkel, S., 1619 N. 7th
First, S., 5639 Walton Av.
Fishbein, U, 5122 Parkside Av.
Fishman, S., 769 S. 4th
Flamm, Mrs. R., 2232 Ridge
Fleischman, E., 2124 Germantown
Av.
Fleisher, Mrs. A., 2030 Spring Gar-
den
Fleisher, A. A., 2301 Green
Fleisher, P., St. James Hotel
Fleisher, W., 1829 N. 17th
Fleisher, W. A., 3422 Powelton Av.
Flicoif, M., 3218 Monument Av.
Flomenhoft, H. C, 2136 S. 4th
Folz, L. H., 909 Walnut
Forman, I., 2016 N. 21st
Forst, H. S., 210 N. 13th
Fox, Chas. E., Drexel Bldg.
Frank, A., 3227 Berks
Frank, M., 718 Arch
Frank, Robt., 104 N. 50th
Frank, Wm. R., 3918 Pennsgrove
Frankel, Dr. J. J., 1314 S. 5th
Frankel, P.. 1925 N. 33d
Frcchie, M. S., 2109 Ontario
Fredman, Rabbi S., 6049 Chestnut
Free Library, 13th & Locust
r^eedman, D., 308 Dickinson
Freedman, H., 2012 W. Susquehanna
Av.
b'reedman, L., 2219 N. Park Av.
Freedman. R. W., 800 S. Cecil
Freeman, Dr. M., 939 S. 3d
Freeman, S., 5160 Parkside Av.
Freides, Dr. R., 1333 S. 6th
Freiman, P., 719 McKean
Freudenheim, A., 124 S. Salford
Freudenheim, J., 26 Strawberry
Freund, H., 2220 N. Van Pelt
Friedman, A., 623 S. 11th
Friedman, B. C, 624 S. 7th
Friedman, E., 121 N. 6th
120
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
616
Friedman, I. J., 419 Locust
Friedman, L., 2316 Tioga
Friedman, S. G., 1422 N. 16th
Friedman, S. L, 5066 Parkside At.
Friedmann, Dr. O. F., 2107 N. Mar-
vine
Oans, Aaron, 2020 Green
Garber, J. D., 4553 N. 16tli
fiarlier. M. n.. 5J>21 Ptno
GEirliD, il. L.. HK^r; KuclUl A v.
Garodetzer, L.. ir>i>s K ,'th
Geiilt aL H. C, L^oi:,*^ s. Darlen
Gfffen, Joa.. 1420 S. Tith
Gelbepff, A., 2802 N. American
Gerber, F., ISlOfl Newftail
Genn>ti, F. N., 2131 Green
GersoB, M., 3045 EiieUd At,
GersoD. M. I*, 3in S. fith
Gerber, Minnli?, 518 W, Coulter
GorstJey, Mrs, H., Meiestic Hotel
GetKow, Dr. J. A., 251 Pine
Gevov, E.. 244 W. Girard Av.
Glmbel, Mrs. B., 906 N. Broad
Ginns, Dr. R. S., 7222 Gtn. Av.
Glnsburg, Mrs. Dora, 1823 Spring
Garden
Glnsburg, .Tacob. 1903 N. 18th
Glnsburg, Jos., 1021 N. 2d
Ginsburg, Jos., 3212 Fountain
Glnsburg, L. S., Commonwealth
Bldg.
GIttleson, Dr. S. J., 1017 Spruce
Goepp, Judith, 1913 Girard Av.
Gold, Wm., 1220 McKean
Goldbacher, H., 5801 Chestnut
Goldberg, D., 932 N. Franklin
Goldberg, H. Wm., 3816 N. 17th
Goldberg, J., 121 N. 4th
Goldberg, J.. 6729 Pine
Goldberg, Dr. J. F., 1425 N. 7th
Goldberg, M., 6152 Parkside Av.
Goldberg, M., 539 N. 5th
Goldberg, Dr. M., 1408 S. 6th
Goldberger, J. S., 2429 W. Cumber-
land
Golden, Dr. M. H., 1611 E. Moyam-
ensing Av.
Goldensky, B., 2321 Tioga
Golder, B. M., 3223 Arlington
Goldfarb, J., 822 S. 6th
Goldfeder, Dr. C. B., 868 N. 8th
Goldhaber, J., 6th & Wharton
Goldman, A., 1512 S. 6th
Goldman, I., 1011 S. 60th
Goldman, J. B., 229 South
Goldman, Jno., 1624 Erie Av.
Goldman, M., 6924 Walnut
Goldman, N. I. S., 200 S. 54th
Goldner, A., 416 N. 2d
Goldring. Dr. C, 7th & Wolf
Goldshider, N., 505 S. 3d
18 121
Goldsmith, E. M., 2308 N. Broad PemuQrl-
Goldsmlth, Jos., 2407 N. Broad vania
Goldsmith, Katherine, 1311 Colum-
bia Av.
Goldstein, E., 859 N. 6th
Goldstein, H., 1138 N. Union
Goldstein, J., 1013 N. 40th
Goldstein, M., 1326 S. 5th
Goldstein, N., 2810 Kensington Av.
Goldstein, S., 2134 S. 4th
Goodfriend, H., Penn Sq. Bldg.
Goodfriend, L, 1823 Mt, Vernon
Goodfriend, S., 3213 Susquehanna
Av.
Goodman, J. H., 908 N. Broad
Goodman. Dr. R., 221 B^tzwater
Gorchov, Chas. J., 1953 N. 7th
Gorchov, M., 1946 N. 21st
Gordon, Dr. B. L, 1842 S. Broad
Gorson, H., 13 S. 62d
Gorson, S., 3218 N. Broad
Gottfried, J. S., 525 N. Oriana
Gottlieb, H., 994 N. 7th
Gottlieb, I., 519 N. 4th
Gottlieb, N. J., 1802 Brie Av.
Gottlieb, P., 1839 W. Huntington
Goward, Geo., 1616 N. Marshall
Grabosky, S., 119 N. 3d
Gradess, Dr. M., 2932 N. 6th
Grass, Jacob, 1301 N. 54th
Gratz Alumni Assn., Broad & York
Gratz College, Broad & York
Green, Chas., 2218 Tioga
Green, Dr. Max, 1706 S. 5th
Green*, Morris, 1607 S. 8th
Green, S., 6140 Lansdowne Av.
Green, Saml., 2139 S. 8th
Green, Wm., 254 S. Itham
Greenbaum, Mrs. M., 1850 N. 19th
Greenberg, A. F., Commercial Trust
Bldg.
Greenberg, A. L., 1824 N. 7th
Greenberg, J., 733 S. 5th
Greenberg, Max A., 5374 Chew
Greenberg, N. N., 2912 Columbia Av.
Greenbaum, S., 2327 W. Park Av.
Greenhouse, M. B., 1507 N. 16th
Greenstein, M., 538 Tasker
Greenstone, Dr. J. H., 916 N. 8th
Greenwald, J. L, 404 S. 42d
Grlbbel, Jno., 1513 Race
Groskln, A., 5918 Chester Av.
Grosner, Abe, 529 Moore
Gross, Charles, 806 S. 5th
Gross, Harry, 331 S. 5th
Gross, Jos., 1824 Franklin
Gross, M., 5701 Woodland Av.
Gross, Saml., 6818 Delancey
Grossman, Aaron, 3207 Diamond*
Grossman, Chas., 3716 N. 18th
Grossman, D., 2117 N. 20th
Digitized by
Google
516
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Penmorl. GrossnaaD, I;. 431 Dreipl BMg.
vania Groasmao, I. S., 1!}1[) E. Dauptilo
Oi-osaman, Rnbbl J,, 503 Taaker
(JrosamnD. Louis, 1008 N. 2d
rrTmmmiu Lou In J., 503 Tasker
(IrDssman, S., 710 N, 5th
(2 1] bier, Fred,, 11» S. 4th
flu'^tb.irff, A„ 2320 K Broad
t:ti«hitiw% s., lOtb ft Callowhill
ETiibor, Morris, 3627 N. Bad
Uafbe, JuUuH, ItiiS S. Front
riaj^€dorn, Mra. J. J.» 3d & Brown
FJtthn, Mrs. F. E., 1511 Oxford
ilaUnt Henr^t 2103 W. Onterlo
[Jalhkrani. M.. 418 N. mth
Hal porn. Dr. It; S.. 24 5T N, 33d
llalpern. Dr. .L I., 1200 N. 7th
Tlttlpert, N.. 714 Sanstna
fin 1 pert B. R, 3014 Eudld Av.
llalpren, Jacob, 4946 Walnut
llalprin. L.. 4003 Pnrkslde A v.
HAmmerscblfli^, P., 1710 N. Maraliall
Flftno. IL, Hit ten bo use Sq. Apts.
namldi, Z.. 4rb ^t K?uv-
Hai-oek, H., 1418 S. >a r ;Uall
Harris, B., 1201 C&estnut
Harris, S., 1102 Snyder Av.
Harrison, A., 2007 E. Moyamensing
Av.
Harrison, B. M., 250 S. Itham
Hassler, I., 2261 N. 2l8t
Heb. Sunday School Society, 10th &
C a r Dcn te r
Heb. Sunday School Society, 1527 N.
7th
Heldelberger & Co., 219 S. 2d
Heider, Wm., 4944 N. Wamock
Heine, Jacob, 5756 Pine
Heine, S., 5437 Chancellor
Helbein, Jacob, 2433 N. 2d
Helbin, I., 1407 E. Moyamensing Av.
Helfand, David, 318 S. 2d
Heller, Max, 723 W. Berlcs
Hellyer, Rev. H. L., 1024 Wolf
Henkin, S. H., 1313 N. 12th
Hriily* Elkan, 16th & Reed
n« nly. Jacob, 831 Arch
HerLsach, Jos,. 5lb & Oirard Av.
Herbst, .S., I*i05 Susquehfltina Av.
[lormftji, <v U, 5OH0 Loi'ust
H 1^1 man, M, K., 4040 fa ik aide A v.
llerold, MMtiu, 726 Market
Hetrtng, A. L, 3800 Cambridge
n*>rgou, RL. 500 N. 6tb
Herzberff, ih, XSai N. 8th
HerzbPFsj, M.. Commonwealth Bldg.
HcSB. 51 rs. f^ E., 1D03 N. 33d
Hr^vessv, Bertbofd. Jewish Hospital
lIlUKirci, D. L., 1743 Erie Av.
Hillerson, David, 1521 N. 10th
Hlll?rson, Dr, M, S., 422 Green
Hirschberg, M. B., 33 N. 62d
Hlrah, Mra. A., Hotel Majestic
Illrah, Eir. A. B.. *2:1 ^. i^lfit
mrah, (rabrleL i^:nj (;reeii
Hirah, H. B., 22ir» Green
Hlrsli. 11. B., MaJ<^3tlc Hotel
Hochmac, P., 203n E. Alle^heDy Av.
Hoffman. Jacob. HI22 S. 4th
llolin, J., 505 N, MarBhall
Horn, 1\, 5123 Viola
Horowitz, Prank. 1137 S. Bth
Horwltz. B., 2G09 Itichmotid
Horwltz, 11., 4408 Lancaster Av.
HorwiU. M.. 1529 N. 6th
Oonvltz, S. L, iHiiO BatnbrldiTP
Houseman, Q. A., Byberrj Bd. A
Proctor
HiibermaD. H., £333 S, 12th
llubBchman, E., 122Q W. Lehigh Av.
Hurshman, A, E., 5102 ParrlaH
UntwiV£. N., 5614 N, 10th
Huslk. Isilflc, 408 S. 9th
Hymnn, Mre. C, 6912 Walnut
Hvm&n, Dr. D. D., 2142 N. i9tli
nloway, B. A., 663S Greene, Qtn.
iDgber. D.. 7041 GlbHon A v.
iDMber, D. A., 1215 Market
Isaacs, Morris, 1511 W. 21st
Isdaner, M., 3027 Berk»
Israi^lowltTit David, 925 Market
It?tvn!5on, B. A., 5804 Bqdmim
Ifzhiaoa, H., 38 B. Cecil
Jackson. I. I., Real Est, Tr. Bldg.
Jacob, Samh, IBIO S. 5th
Jacobs, Ella, 913 N. 10th
Jacobs, Dr. M., 1316 S. 6tU
.Tacobs, S,, 1540 N. Gmti
JacolJson, H. M., 2230 N. Park Av.
Jaeobson, P. D., ?/A'^ W. Glrard A v.
Jaffe, Mrs. H. D., 10th & Tasker
Jaffe. S., 810 Snyder A v.
Jaerpan, Jos., 226 S. 2d
Jaatrow, The Misses, 2100 Spring
Garden
Jastrow. Dr. M., Jr.. 248 S. 23d
Jeitles, Saml., Majestic Hotel
Jessar, B. Z., 1748 Orthodox
Jewish Natl. Club, c/o J. Smith,
6719 German town A v.
Jewish World, The, 233 S. 6th
Jonas, Leo C, 2003 N. 13th
Kahn, B., 1236 N. Frasler
Kallen, Nieman, 1835 S. 5th
Kamen, J. W., 708 N. Franklin
Kamens, Isaac, 507 E. Girard
Kamens, Wm., 941 N. 6th
Kamerstein, G., 3116 Montgomery
Av.
Kamholz, Henry, 4827 Walnut
Kandell, Geo., 478 N. 8d
Kane, B., 1935 E. Moyamensing Av.
122
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
517
Kanevsky, Dr. L., 1819 S. 6th
Kaplan, Chas. M., 2313 Tioga
Kaplan, Nathan, 621 Tasker
Kaplan, S. M., 518 Watklns
Kaplan, W., 608 Rodman
Karmel, S. H., 3234 Berks
Karstaedt, L., 5806 Chestnut
Katman, Chas., 325 S. 5th
Katz, Arnold, 716 Walnut
Katz, B., 605 Mifflin
Katz, H. P., Lincoln Bldg.
Katz, L., 214 E. Mt. Airy
Katz, Morris, 604 N. 6th
Katz, Simon, 1929 N. 12th
Kauffman, L., 1520 N. 8th
Kauffman, M., 2619 Germantown Av.
Kauffman, M., 1620 Morris
Kaufman, E., 617 W. Hortter
Kaufman, N., 8th & Fairmount Av.
Kaufman. Wm., 530 W. Girard Av.
Kayser, S., 3414 N. 21st
Kelser, M. S., 1900 S. 5th
Kellman, Dr. C, 904 N. Franklin
Kelman, Dr. H., 1415 S. 6th
Kempler. Adolph, 722 Pine
Kerstine, H. E., 901 Market
Kersun, M. L., 2927 Frankford Av,
Kessler, B., 2519 S. Cleveland
Kimmelman, N., 519 Fairmount Av.
Kimmelman, Dr. S., 8th & Snyder
Av.
Kind, Frank, 1110 Chestnut
Kirpich, Hanon, 719 Sansom
Klrschbaum. Mrs. A.. 1315 N. Broad
Kirschenstein, H, D., 329 Snyder Av.
Kirshner, A. S., 4914 Chancellor
Klebansky, Wolf, 246 S. 3d
Klein, A. M., 1921 Girard
Klein, Abraham, 608 N. 5th
Klein, B., 3626 York Rd.
Klein, Eugene, 53 N. 62d
Klein, Louis. 1740 W. Erie Av.
Klein, Rabbi M. D., 1908 N. Broad
Kline, B., 6th & Ellsworth
Kline, H. S., 1424 W. Allegheny Av.
Kllnman, S., 1640 N. 8th
Koch, Dr. I. M., 2302 Green
Kohn, A., 41st & Parkside Av.
Kohn, A. M., 1847 N. 17th
Kohn, Dr. Bernard, 1516 N. 15th
Kohn, Isidore, 1809 Arch
Kohn, Jos.. 2204 Natrona
Kopperman, S., 307 Florist
Kopperman, Wm., 1908 N. 7th
Kom, Henry, 2018 S. 7th
Kom, M., 5145 Chancellor
Korobor, A., 5112 Parkside Av.
Kosloff, Jacob, 618 N. 4th
Kraftson, A., 1113 Snyder Av.
Kraftsow, M., 1806 N. Franklin
Krakovltz, A., 1921 Moyamenstng PenDsyl-
Av. vania
Kramer, David, 2101 Federal
Krasne, M., 3133 Columbia Av.
Krasney, Dr. M, A., 1335 S. 7th
Kratzok, S. E., 1213 S. 4th
Kraus, S. C, 2001 N. 33d
Kraus, S. L., 3250 N. Broad
Krauskopf, Rev. Dr. J., 4716 Pulaski
Av.
Kpauskopf, L., 1545 N. Franklin
KravitEOT, S.p lOOS S. Randolph
Krleger. M., W2l N. 6th
Krleger, S.* 1810 N, 18th
Kriicher. Mcirrla, 1210 N. 62d
KnUr Joseph U. 712 Pine
Kurti, Mai, 720 Tine
Kurtz. Bobt, 1S40 N. 32d
Kushoer, Wm. E.. 820 S. ?d
La Is on, M., ITll Q. Moyamenstng
Av.
Lam, Chas., 3412 N. 2l8t
Lande, Saml., 850 N. 5th
Landman, Rev. I., 4846 Pulaski Av.
Landour, J., 627 Market
Lanfeld, A. M., 2016 Green
Lang, G. H., 319 Winona Av.
Lang, Isaac M., 1324 Jefferson
Langfeld, M. F., 1849 N. 17th
Lapayowker, A., 319 S. 5th
Lavin, Chas. M., 2310 Green
Lavine, Lawrence S., 330 Ritner
Lederer, Ephraim, Mutual Life Bldg.
Lederhandler, L., 506 Market
Lehman, Morris A., 432 Spruce
Leinweber, Harry, 326 Reed
Lemisch, Mrs. H., 1228 South
Lens, Dr. S. W., 520 Pine
Leof, P. v., 1109 Columbia Av.
Leof, Philip, 4th & Fairmount Av.
Leopold, Mrs. I., 1428 N. Broad
Leopold, Dr. S., 1632 Franklin
Lessner, Saml., 3231 Fontaine
Levan, Maur, 239 S. 5th
Levensohn, Sol. I., 20 N. 3d
Leventhal. M. B., 110 S. 2d
Leventhal, N., 3122 Clifford
Levey, N. M., 8th & Parrish
Levi, I. D., 943 N. 8th
Levi, Julius C, 3016 Diamond
Levi, Rubin, Betz Bldg.
Levi, S. Geo., 2046 N. 18th
Levick & Woldow, 1829 S. 7th
Levin, A.. 413 B. Clearfield
Levin, Don, 234 S. 9th
Levin, Harry, 1332 N. 6th
Levin, I., 1700 S. 5th
Levin, M., 1634 N. Franklin
Levin, Saml., 1944 N. 31st
Levin, Samr. H.. 1530 S. 6th
Levine, M., 3219 Monument Av.
123
Digitized by
Google
518
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Pennsyl- L<?vlne, Saml. A., 112ft Po»lBr
vania Le^iiiaan. H. D*. 3141 Euelfd
Levlnthal Rev. B. L.. 7UJ Plae
Lt'vinthaJ, Jacob A., 1009 B. Bd
l^vlA, A. L„ 507 S. 6tb
Levlt Simon. 2810 Richmood
T^vltt Or- M. F>ow!b, 123» S. 4th
Leyy, J; E3,, Bl.ll Frantfor<I A?.
Levy, Dr. .Tacob, 1020 S. 5th
Levy, Julius, 142S N. BVanklJn
h^vs. Mflftln. 512 S. 5th
Levy, Rap bail, 2205 N. Park A v.
Lewis. Murk, 3001 Page
Lewis, Wai. M.. 1014 N, 32d
LIcbti^nsteEn, RL, 9M Market
Lirbprniiin, A,, 5th & Wharton
Lfebermiin. Alex., 1008 S. 00th
LkMrmant M., lf»34 N. Marshall
Ltebernian, S., 10 IS N. H3(J
Lleaner, Louis, 237 HlchmoDd
Light, Isidore, 427 Snyder At.
Lillenblum, Dr. L. J., 1728 N. 7th
Lincoln, F. W., 6840 Cedar Av.
LIiTdanpr. T>r. F., ^fttS N. 52d
Llnkir, Boa,, ^I>LI W. Dauphin
LiDse, A, S., 4108 N. Broad
Ltnak & Ba«s, 1&28 N. 3 2d
Llpachmst, L L,t 226 South
Llpshutz. rtxm.. 1209 N. 7th
Llstaer^er, L., Ifi06 Girard At.
Livprlffhl, Max, Itotd Majestic
Loch, A. B.. 1417 Erie At.
Ijoeb, Adolph, 1T20 Memorial At.
Ijoeb, Arthur, 1510 Oxford
Loeh, Edw,, 4200 Parks kle A v.
Loph, H. A., 431 Chestnut
Loeb, 1L E,. 1422 N, IGth
L&eb, Harry, 1853 N. 17th
Loeb, Dr. Ludwig. 1421 N. 15th
Loeb, Oscar, 4646 Hazel Av.
Loeb, Simon, The Lorraine
Loeb, Victor A., 1901 N. 8th
Loewenstein, S.. 188 S. 12th
Lopatin, Alex., 1934 N. Stanley
Louchheim, S. K., Betz BIdg.
Lowenberg, Dr. S., 1528 S. 5th
Lowengrund, E., Land Title Bldg.
Lowenstein, B., 2111 W. Ontario
Ludwig, S., 8th & Moyamenslng Av.
Lupin, Dr. B. J., 2221 N. 33d
Lyons, L. E., 1941 Erie Av.
Magil, Myer, 582 N. Marshall
Makanow, M., 3019 W. Berks
Mallckson, L., 260 S. Hirst
Mallckson, P. S., 216 N. 50th
Mallh, Jacob, 1800 N. 7th
Mallas, Dr. L. J., 1718 S. 8th
Manasses, Dr. J. L., 3110 Diamond
Mandel, David, Jr., 3218 Diamond
Mann, Dr. Bernard, 107 N. 60th
Mann, David I., 2506 N. 31st
MannK Jacob, Hotel MajcEtlc
Marcus, Slmou, ITOO S* lOth
Mo mo] IPS. H. S., 2221> N, 33d
Marponn. A. J., 203 S. 5th
Marpolls, Dr. M.. 1510 Diamoiid
MarffoJiee, M., 551 ^^ 6th
Markmjin, A,, Q0f9B Catherine
■Mnrkmnnu, J. M., 3651 N. 2lBt
MarkowlU Broi.^ 323 Marki>t
Marks, R, 171T Spring Garden
Marks, Dr. M.. 607 N. 6th
MaseU Isaac. 1<J32 N. Marshan
Maser, Dr. N. A., 300 Kltner
Massey, J. B., G127 Locust
Massmon, B. A.. 3S11 H. 16ttl
Mastbaum, J. E., 2307 N. Broad
Mastic r. Hard 13, 1845 N. 3lBt
Ma trick, Mver, 1039 N. 3d
Matt, Isaftc, 403 B. HaJnes
MatuBow, liflrry, 3236 W. Norris
Matz, Jos., 5828 Spruce
Maybaum, Philip. 3S33 N, 19th
Mavt'r, A. B., 407 N, 3d
Mayer, Alfred, !>03 N. Sth
Mayer, C. O., 907 N. I6th
Mayer, G. H., 2502 t>iamond
Mayer, I., 1620 N. Broad
Mayer, Jacob, Hotel Lorrftlne
Mayer. M. B,, IT21 N. 4 2d
Mayer, Man S„ Hotel Lorraine
Mnvcrem, Jos., 13fl Brown
Mazer, Dr. Chas., 1C03 S, Sth
Medofl, Joa., 2135 N. 13th
Meier, David, 2945 Memphis
Meisach, S., 1224 Snyder A v.
Meislor, M. M., 2532 S. Mildred
Melamed, Rabbi R. H., 1712 N. Mar-
shall
Mt Imttl, N lit ban, 423 Moore
Meiulcoff, Dr. .L, J»39 N. 4th
Meltzer, A.. 424 South
Meltzer, R. H., 1836 N. Franklin
Meoeker, Br. U A.. 1305 S. Sth
Merowif Israel, S02 Lombnrd
Meslrov, H, S.. Real Eat. Trust Bldg.
Meyer, C L., 2251 N. Park Av.
Meyors. L„ 1*513 N, 52d
Miehae^son, B,. 1904 Arch
MScbaHson, I., 1803 Arch
Mkkve Israel Congr. School, Broad
& York
Middk'liUK. M. h., eOlh & Arch
Mn!;^r!Tr], Abo, iX\5 York Rd.
Milltti, A. Li., 1827 K. ITUi
Miller, B. P., 1703 N. Franklin
Miller, Chas., 16th & Reed
Miller, Harry, 940 N. 6th
Miller, Jacob, 16th & Reed
Miller, Mrs. L., 818 N. 7th
Miller, Morris L., 911 N. Sth
Miller, S. A., 5714 Addison
124
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
519
Miller, Saml., 5th & Wharton
Mllner, Saml., 420 South
Minkowsky, A., 2914 Richmond
Minsky, I., 515 S. Randolph
Mitosky, Jos., 3050 Berks
Mittelman, H., 3231 W. Montgomery
At.
Modell. J.. 411 S. 60th
Moise, A. L., 1421 Chestnut
Morals School, 4115 Lancaster Av.
Morgenroth, Louis, 1505 S. 2d
Moses, Dr. Albert, 812 S. 5th
Moses Maimonides Literary Society,
c/o Young Women's Union, 5th &
Balnbridge
Moskovitz, S., 1327 N. Franklin
Moss, Jos., 1835 Erie Av.
Myers, Dr. I., 1507 N. 7th
Myers, Paul M., 1914 N. 7th
Napp, Saml., 2134 N. 30th
Nathan, Rev. M., 2213 N. Natrona
Needleman, A., 3022 Euclid Av.
Nemirow, Saml., 314 Market
Neuman, H., 906 N. 8th
Newbauer, L., 1232 N. Sartaln
Newborn, Jacob, 1731 N. 8th
Newburger, F. L., 1410 Chestnut
Newburger, M., 1410 Chestnut
Newcorn, Saml., 1833 Erie Av.
Newhouse, Florence, 1919 N. Park
Newman, A., 2127 N. 13th
Newmayer, Dr. S. W., 1834 Oirard
Av.
Nusbaum, Lee, 141 W. Sharpnack
Nusbaum, Louis. 137 W. Sharpnack
Obermayer, L. J., 1916 W. Erie Av.
Ochs, Geo. W., Public Ledger
Oliver, Dr. B. O., 1535 S. 6th
Orlow, Saml., 958 N. Randolph
Orolowltz, Louis, 326 South
Orsher, Dr. I. A., 7th & Mifflin
Osder, Dr Nathan L., 5602 Spruce
Osthelm, Isaac. 3114 N. Broad
Ostroff, N., 1225 Poplar
Oxenfeldt, H. B., 41 B. Mt. Pleasant
Av.
Pagach, A., 2400 S. 10th
Perelman, M., 322 N. 8th
Pereyra, Almee, 2109 Ontario
Perllsteln, H., 519 S. eth
Perltz, Herbert H., 5829 Sansom
Perla, Bernard, 49 N. 58th
Perlberg, Isldor, 1625 N. 33d
Perlberg, N., 3937 Pwinsgrove
Perlman, Dr. H. D., 1932 N. 7th
Perlman, Joe, 1430 S. 5th
Perloff, N.. 812 N. 5th
Perzin, L. B., 700 W. Lehigh Av.
Pester, Hirsch B.. 242 S. 3d
Petchon, Chas., 2251 N. 33d
Petergell, A., 3826 Oirard Av.
Peterzell, H. L., 2414 N. Howard Pennayl-
Pfaelzer, F. A., 1522 N. 17th vania
Pfaelzer, Mrs. M., 1524 N. 16th
Phillips, David, 2230 S. Broad
Picker, Abraham, 1013 Emily
Plnsky, M., 1701 Chestnut
Plntzuk, Sol., 36 N. 9th
Plass, Wm., 2032 N. 18th
Piatt, S., 17th & Mifflin
Pockrass. B., 3118 Montgomery Av.
Podolnlck. Louis, 322 South
Pollkoff, B., 1920 N. 17th
Polin, Morris, 1913 N. 32d
Pollock, H. S., 873 N. 23d
Poulshock, J., 4132 Lancaster Av.
Powell, Dr. Louis, 2026 S. 6th
Prayer, Jos., 5913 Walnut
Presser, S., 225 N. 34th
Pressman, H. H., 634 N. Marshall
Printz, Leopold, 1807 W. Erie Av.
Prizant, H. M., 1328 W. Columbia
Av.
Hablnowltz. 11.. 805 Washington Av.
Rader, D., 5504 Chester Av. '
Ralna, S., 2249 N. 17th
Ra pa port, J,. Front & Christian
Roppnport, B*!nJ., 3234 Arlington
RathHTiitn, M. A.. 40 N. Hirst
Relcblln. S., 3233 Montgomery Av.
ReldtribGi-g, Bertha S., 5902 Cedar
Relnlsh, J. C, 1813 N. Natrona
Reisman, Harry, 2306 N. Front
Rice, J. J., 1721 N. 15th
Rice, Wm., 3312 Cumberland
Rlchman, Dr. M., 1822 S. 5th
Ricklln, J. C, 727 South
Rlesman, Dr. David, 1715 Spruce
Riff, Jos., Drexel Bldg.
Ringer, Dr. A. I., 4512 Regent
Rlskoff, Jacob, 1643 S. 5th
Rlttenberg, H. R., 10th & Walnut
Rivkees, Dr. A.. 346 Wharton
Rlvkind, Jacob, 4109 Leidy Av.
Roberts, E.. 1021 S. Randolph
Robinson, A., 3223 Monument Av.
Robinson, M. M., Brighton Apts.
Rogasner, S., 3522 York Rd.
Rose, Goodman A.. 916 S. 5th
Rose, Maurice, 423 N. 52d
Rose, Saml. I., 410 Moore
Rosen, Abr., 2207 N. 10th
Rosenau, C. I., 1822 Cadwalader
Rosenbaum, H., 2139 Green
Rosenbaum, M., 605 S. 3d
Rosenberg, Jacob, 614 S. American
Rosenberg, Mrs. M., 2009 N. Broad
Rosenblatt, S., 2605 Germantown
Av.
Rosenblum, Adolph, 1940 S. 10th
Rosenblum, Jacob, 335 Christian
125
Digitized by
Google
520
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Pentmyh Roaerjfeld, Br. U. H.. ItilO S. lOtb
▼Mil BoHf^nhi-lm, M. T., 1T39 R IStb
Rosen h^lmer, U.. 2242 N. Van Felt
Rose D man, B., 1&3S N. 23d
Rosetiowltz, Adolpb, 333 GreeQWlcli
RoflcnpteJa, A. A.» 2131 W. OBtarlo
Rost'nthal. H,, 262ft Kensington At,
EosiD, Big, M., 2142 Grnti
Ross helm, Irving D., 8040 ChrlBllan
RoBskam, Wm. B., 2300 N. Broad
Roth, Albert A., 216 Soutb
Rothi'^nhelui, S. M., 925 Ch^Btnut
Roih,^chlId, n., 2319 N. Park At.
Rothfichlld. Mm, IL. S222 Green
Rothschim, Meyer, I8:l2 N. I7tb
RothseblJd, Wm„ 415 Sonth
RothBteln, J., 3207 W, Clifford
Rovno. Dp. Philip, 423 Piae
RulTOFjf, Kohn, G23 S. 3d
Ruber jg:* Ijewlfl, 021 Green
Rnberj^, SlorrlB, 60 i 4 Saoflom
Rubin, A,> IflOO N. 32d
Ruliin, iH^Hc TI., 132-1 N. Frazrer
Rubin, Job. H., 715 Arth
Rabin, M, j,, T31 Rrown
Rubin, Dr. N. Ii„ nn N. 5th
Rubin. S. C.\, 2lOfl T^, Woodstock
Rublnsohn, Dr. L. S., 617 N. 4th
Ruche, Abraham, 2320 Columbia Av.
Ruche, B., 2451 Ridge Av.
Rudofker & Son, S., 238 S. 3d
Sacks, Harry, 1228 Cherry
Sagorsky, I. S., 5932 Walnut
Saidel, Barnet, 1023 Jackson
Sailer, Louis, 1422 Girard Av.
Salus, Herbert W., 614 S. 11th
Salz, Isaac, 26 S. 15th
Samuel, B. J., 1600 Spruce
Santz, Dr. S. V., 327 Pine
Savltz, M. B., 1538 S. 9th
Sax, Percival M., 6429 Drexel Rd.,
Overbrook
Schaeffer, BenJ., 1326 Mifflin
Schamberg, Dr. Jay F., 1922 Spruce
Schamberg, Jesse J., c/o Felix
Isman, N. Amer. Bldg.
Schamberg, L. M., St. James Hotel
Schatz, J., 2838 Richmond
Schechter, Dr. Isaac, 505 Pine
Schechtman, Morris, 2459 N. 33d
Schelnfeld, Morris, 1604 Ridge A v.
Schlein, Saml., 1915 N. Park Av.
Schlisinger, Abe, 1846 N. 16th
Schmookler, Dr. H., 1320 S. 5th
Schneyer, H. A., 1725 N. Crelghton
Schneyer, Louis A., 33 N. 3d
Schor, Hyman, 7th & Brown
Schorr, Henry W., Land Title Bldg.
Schultz, D., 757 Passyunk Av.
Schwab, Max B., 2213 N. 21st
Schwab, N., 2003 N. 33d
Schwartz, Dr. B., 1020 Snyder Av. .
Schwartz, BenJ., 2329 Germantown
Av.
Schwartz, B. M., 2514 N. Marston
Schwartz, I., 5853 Cedar Av.
Schwartz, I., 16th & Reed
Schwartz, J., 5110 Parkside Av.
Schwartz, S. G., Lafayette Bldg.
Schwarz, J. A., 2038 N. Park Av.
Schwarzman, Wm., 63d & Vine
Seenofsky, Louis, 238 S. 5th
Seidler, 6., 732 S. 60th
Seideman, Morton. 3219 Oxford
Seidman, Henry, 232 South
Seitchik, L., 4114 Parkside Av.
Seltchik, Morris. 38 N. 6th
Selig, Abraham, 2041 Tioga
Selig, B., 4258 Parkside Av.
Selig, Ely K., 1315 N. Broad
Sellgman, Dr. L., 635 N. Franklin
Sells, Morris J., 204 Federal
Sellers, Jos., 261 S. Hirst
Seltzer, Jacob M., 3936 Girard Av.
Seltzer, Simon, 3862 Cambridge
Shaham, Dr. S.. 9th & Snyder Av.
Shalet, L. A., 10 S. 60th
Shane, H., 1410 Ridge Av.
Shapiro, B. R., Land Title Bldg.
Shapiro. Morris, 127 N. 9th
Share, A. A., 3216 Monument Av.
Shatz, L. A., 3215 Diamond
Sheer, Philip L., 1717 N. 8th
Shenker, Morris, 1824 South
Shenkin. H. A., 233 Market
Sherman, Mrs. H., 1902 S. 10th
Sherman, J., 4938 Parkside Av.
Sherman, Nathan, 2131 N. 16th
Shiller, Wm., 1728 N. 51st
Shore. Herman I., 1925 S. 4th
Shore, Israel, 3841 Pennsgrove
Shore, Rose, 721 N. 6th
Shoyer, Louis, 412 Arch
Shrlner, Dr. Thos., 2176 B. York
Shubin, L., 1630 S. 5th
Shultz, Isaac, 1011 N. 40th
Shuman, Saml., 528 Dickinson
Shute, M., 2139 N. 16th
Shuwarger, M., 903 Greenwich
Sickles, A., 726 Chestnut
Sickles, Edw., 726 Chestnut
Sickhes, Louis, 3220 Diamond
Sickles, Mrs. M., 1910 N. 11th
Sickles, Sol., 2214 Tioga
Siedenbach, Mrs. A., 1707 Diamond
Silberstein, B., 123 N. 9th
Silver, Morris N., 5740 Pine
Silverman, Chas., 526 Pine
Silverman, I. H., Land Title Bldg.
Silverman, Wm., 6th & South
SImkins, Dr. J. J., 2002 N. 21st
Simon, Dr. B. R., 1002 Walnut
126
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
521
Simon, D. E., 1516 Diamond
Simsohn, Dr. J. S., 009 N. Franklin
Singer, Jos., North Amer. Bldg.
Sisman, Morris, 823 S. 5tli
Sklar, Saml., 6007 Osage
Sklar, Dr. W., 1007 S. 3d
Sklaroff & Sons, S., 714 S. 2d
Slepin, W., 1845 N. 33d
Slipakoflf, Isadore, 322 N. 8th
Slonimsky, N. N., Lafayette Bldg.
Slonimsky, Solomon, 311 Reed
Smarr, J. B., 1434 N. Franklin
Smellow, I., 419 Market
Smith, Max J., 26th & Silver
Smith, Meyer F., 1030 S. 5th
Smolens, Jacob, 2111 S. 7th
Sochis, M. S., Llpplncott Bldg.
Soifer, Dr. M., 2319 Margaret
Solot, S., 2114 N. 31st
Sommer, H. B., 612 Arch
Sondhelmer, BenJ., 1839 W. Brie Av.
Sonnenfeld, A., 39 S. Cecil
Souzon, Dr. P. N., 774 S. 2d
Speiser, M. J.. S. Penn Sq. Bldg.
Splegleman, A., 3321 Hogart
Spiegelman, I., 3800 N. 10th
Spitz, Nathan, 8th & Race
Staller, Dr. Max, 1310 S. 6th
Stamm, Dr. C. J., 1412 Diamond
Stecher, Louis, 2317 N. Broad
Stein, Louis, 1541 N. 33d
Steinbach, Mrs. J. R^ 1309 N. Broad
Steinberg, A., 1605 Germantown Av.
Steinberg, P., 410 Spruce
Steinberg, Mrs. P., 1631 N. 33d
Steinberg, Wm., 5844 Chestnut
Steinbrook, H., 632 W. Girard Av.
Steiner, Dr. S., 861 N. 5th
Steinman, D^ 2163 N. 32d
Steppacher, W. M., 146 N. 13th
Sterling, A., 5068 Parkside Av.
Sterling, L., 5150 Parkside Av.
Sterling, Wm., 1722 N. 61st
Stem, Bernard, 724 Arch
Stern, B. M., 2109 Spring Garden
Stern, Horace, 1520 N. 17th
Stem, I, & Sons. 1936 N. ;l2th
Stern, Isadore, 536 Spruce
Stem, Julius, 1214 Orkney
Stern, Lafayette, 820 Arch
Stern, Rev. Dr. L. J., 12th & Green
Lane
Stern, Louis, 1901 N. 18th
Stem, M. H., 1609 Diamond
Stern, Morris, 907 N. 8th
Stern, Saml., Commonwealth Bldg.
Stern, Sidney M., 1613 Poplar
Stern, W. A., 1805 Spring Garden
Sternberg, Rudolph, 1644 South
Stiefel, M., 1803 N. 33d
Stone, Louis, 2208 Natrona
Stratt, Paul L., 6754 Spruce Pennsyl-
Strauss, Sigmund, 4942 Locust vania
Straussman, P. H., 1842 N. Franklin
Straussman, S., 1621 Poplar
Strouse, Mrs. Abr., 213 N. 3d
Strouse, H., Real Est. Tmst Bldg.
Strousse, Morris, 939 N. 8th
Strumpf, David, 2322 N. Front
Stumacher, M. A., 821 Arch
Sundheim, H. I., St. James Hotel
Sundheim, Jos. H.. 1001 Chestnut
Switzky, Israel, 2228 N. Camac
Tatem, F. J., Stephen Girard Bldg.
Teitelbaum, H., 1749 N. 29th
Teitelbaum, M. J., 5745 Chestnut
Teller, Jacob, Hotel Lorraine
Teller, Louis A., 927 N. 19th
Teller, Dr. Wm. H., 1713 Green
Thanhauser, S., 1507 Poplar
Titleman, A., 3319 W. Huntingdon
Tonsky, Dr. Bernard, 1011 S. 4th
Trattner, Victor I., 6022 Market
Tunick, Abraham, 716 S. 11th
Tunick, Jacob, 328 S. 6th
Tutelman, Harry, 6230 N. Broad
Uditsky, Harry, 1325 Franklin
Uditsky, M. M., 1112 Chestnut
Ulman, Dr. J. F., 2629 N. 29th
Unger, Saml., 1432 S. Lawrence
Uram, Ehnanuel, 509 South
Velenchik, Saml., 134 N. 3d
Vendig, Chas. H., 1922 N. 12th
Venus, Morris M., 719 Sansom
Verbit, Harry, 3124 Clifford
Victor, L., 2017 Germantown Av.
Viner, Dr. Louis, F & Ontario
Visor, Morris, 2000 S. 17th
Waber, Hattie S., 6843 Cedar Av.
Waber, Louis, 888 N. 6th
Wachs, A., 4021 Girard Av.
Waldman, Adolph, 1813 N. 31st
Waldman, Isadore, 916 N. 2d
Waldman, Max E., 916 N. 2d
Wallen, Louis, 713 Sansom
Wallersteln. David. Land Title Bldg.
Warshaw, B. C, 6 S. 4th
Warshawsky, J., 1634 S. Orkney
Wasserman, Mrs. J., Wissahlckon
Av. & Hutter
Waxman, A., 925 Passyunk Av.
Waxman, S., 226 Moore
Weber, David, 4042 Parkside Av.
Weber, Herman, 710 Girard Av.
Weil, Emanuel, 3649 N. 21st
Weil, Jacob, 2214 Green
Weiman, Dr. M. N., 1326 S. 5th Av.
Weinberg, H., 2426 Ridge Av.
Weinberg, J. I.. 540 Hastings
Weinberg, Maurice G., 404 Green
Weinberg, S., 3232 Berks
Weinfeld, Adolph, 332 Catherine
127
Digitized by
Google
622
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Pemuyl- Welnstein, A., 3109 Clifford
vani* Welnstein, J. I., Drexel BIdg.
Welnstein, Dr. M. A., 615 Pine
Weisberg, M., 5168 Parkside Av.
Weiss, Chas., 623 N. 16th
Weiss, Chas. J., 1437 N. 60th
Weiss, Saml., 450 N. 12th
Weiss, Saml., 2513 N. 33d
Wendkos, S. L., 1252 S. 17th
Wenger, M., 1229 Walnut
Werthelmer, L., 2107 W. Venango
Wessel, H. N., 1505 Diamond
Westhelmer, Mrs. M., 1629 N. 33d
Wexelblat, Ellas, 3219 Page
White, Abe, 400 South
Wliitc, Mls3 E. C, 1104 Snyder Av.
Whltehlll, Edw., 1507 N. 17th
Wlef. Ellas, 505 South
Wiener, J.. S6fl K- 7th
Wiener & Pollne. 416 Market
Wternlck. M., 1931 W. 12th
Wlldr>r, a A., 30 Strawberry
Wildstein. M., ^31 K, 2a
WilUam. L. M., 4126 Mautiia Av.
Wlnkloman, Philip. 2135 N. ITth
Wlntrob, J. M., 2209 W. Venango
Wle^t August, 2035 N- Park A v.
Wiseman. Harry S- 737 S. 57th
Wohlfartb, C. 4559 K l6tU
Wolf, Mrs. Abiv S.. 1530 Green
Wolf, Ben J,. 10th & South
W^lf. David. 1D12 N. Slat
Wolf, Tamils, 427 DlcUlTi^OQ
Wolf, Morrla, 171^3 Moutpomery A v.
Wolf. SluioD, 1737 Montt^oniery Av.
Wolf son, Dr. J., 1001 S. Glh
Wolfson, Dr. L., 1801 N. 31st
Wolfson, M., 1347 S. 7th
Wolln, Chas., 702 Arch
Wolkln, S., 4127 Lancaster Av.
Wolpert, Jack J., 409 S. 6th
Wruhel, M., 1809 N. 31st
Zackon, S. K., 1616 S. Orkney
Zahn, Dr. S. F., 6049 Chestnut
Zehen, L., Passyunk & Bainhridge
Zeltz, Saml., 3001 N. 22d
Zelesnlck, Mrs. M. F., 427 Titan
Zellner, Carl Slna, 1914 N. 13th
Zimmerman, Dr. M. L., 431 Pine
Zinman, J. M., 5804 Osage Av.
Zlnman, Morris, 731 N. 40th
Zislin, Louis, 1610 South
Zonies, Nathan, 416 Dickinson
Phoenix viUe
Neuman, Marcus, 214 Church
Plttshurgh
Life Members
Frank, Mr. & Mrs. I. W., 5601 Irwin
Av.
Rauh, Mr. & Mrs. E., 5837 Bartlett
Well, Leo. A., 6931 Howe
LiBRART Members
Bennett, Jos., 825 High View
Falk, Leon, 342 Atlantic Av.
Krieger, M., 5549 Black
Lehman, A. H., 1606 Wm. Pitt Blvd.
Rosenhaum, Walter, 5630 Bartlett
Seder, Isaac J., 830 Sheridan Av.
Stadtfeld, Jos., Wilkins & Wlghtman
Sunstein, A. J., Bartlett St
Special Members
Cohen, Julius H., 3114 Avalon, B. B.
Edlls, Adolph, 2035 Wylle Av.
Goldinger, A., 5939 Penn Av.
Gross, Dr. A. & J. E., Jenkins Bldg.
Hamburger, Philip, 467 S. Rebecca
Harris, Harry, 5445 Black
Jackson, Henry, 420 Neville
Neiman, Bennle, 304 Smithfleld
Rauh, A. L., 5565 Aylesboro Av.
Reich, Jos. H., 4835 Norewood Av.
Saar Sholom Lodge, 154, I. O. B. B.,
1400 Potterfield
Sanes, Dr. K. I., 234 McKee PI.
Seder, A., 5707 Wellesley Av.
Sedler, Barnet, 609 E. Parkway
Spear, Nathaniel, 915 Penn Av.
Annual Members
Aaronson, L. I., Farmers Bk. Bldg.
Abels, Morris, 3112 Avalon
Adelman, L. F., 1623 Denniston Av..
E E
Adler, L. J., 5846 Bartlett
Alpen, Louis, 1000 Wylie
Alpern, Lewis M., 6404 Forward Av.
Amdursky, Saml., 13 Junnila
Amshel, Louis, 250 Darragh
Arlman, Max, 6655 Beacon
Amfeld, M., 5th Av. & Market
Ashinsky, Rabbi A. M., 2037 Centre
Av.
Avner, M.. L., 5870 Burchfleld Av.
Aaen, Max, 1013 Bluff
Bagron, N. G., 5733 Halden
Bendiner, W., 1135 N. St. Clair
Benedict, J., 6334 Walnut
Berman, Morris A., 721 5th Av.
Bernstein, A., 5727 Howe
Bernstein, Dr. H., 1008 Wylie Av.
Bernstein, M. I., 76 Roberts
Blumenthal, Dr. A. A., 1007 Wylle
Av.
Brodie, A. J., 939 Homewood Av.
Caplan, Louis, Frick Bldg.
Caplan, M. A., 1306 Locust
Caplan, M. L., 4821 Centre Av.
128
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
623
Carnegie Library of Schenley Pk.
Chaltkin, Maurice, 1722 Brighton
Rd.
Coffee, Rabbi R. I., 5894 Hobart
Cohen, Mrs. A., 880 Winebiddle Av.
Cohen, I. C, 3430 Bates
Cohen, J., Howe & Maryland Ay.
Cohen, Marcus, 5719 Howe
Cohen, Ray, 623 Wylie Av.
Cohn, Mrs. W. H., 6812 Marlborough
Cooper, Chas. I., 3108 Lyon
Davis, Barnet, 318 Aiken Av.
DeRoy, A. J., 5731 Bartlett
DeRoy, Israel, 5518 Black
Diamond, Harry, 207 Pacific Av.
Drejrfuss, Barney, Farmers Bk. Bldg.
Eber, Dr. S. I., Jenkins Arcade Bldg.
Enelow, M., 2501 Centre Av.
Bngelman, S., 5623 Jackson
Feinberg, Saml., 1115 Bluff
Feldstein, Bernard H., Park Bldg.
Finkelpearl, Bessie, 241 Dinwiddle
Fischer, Max, 1126 N. St. Clair
Foner, N. T.. 2380 Centre Av.
Forbes, Wm., 5328 2d Av.
Frank, J. H., 344 5th Av.
Glffen, I. L., 1132 N. St. Clair
Glick. A. L., 30 Stevenson
Goldberg, M., Robinson & AUiquippa
Goldman, David, 1006 5th Av.
Goldman, Louis, 5801 Margaretta
Goldman, Dr. S., 206 Grant
Goldsmith, Dr. M., 9 Stevenson
Gordon, Anna T., 1625 Bluff
Gordon, B. H.
Gordon, Louis, Jr., 15 Buffalo
Greenberg, Jacob, 1845 Webster Av.
Haas, Mrs. M., 445 Atlantic Av.,
Halfner, Henry, 225 Dlnwiddie
Hanauer, A. M., 353 Pacific Av.
Hast, A. M., 1512 Beechwood Blvd.
Heb. Bible Classes of the Beth
Hamedrosh Hagodol, 12 Gilmore
Heller, Benj., 320 Meyran Av.
Hepner, Jacob N., 85 Van Braam
Hirsch, Albert, 1811 Termon Av.
Hirsch, B., 1622 Central Av.
Hirsch, Leon, 1505 Shady Av.
Horwitz, B., 5434 Baywood
Isaacs, I. E., 404 Smithfleld
Jacobs, Nathan Bernd., 253 N. Craig
Jacobson, S., 908 5th Av.
Joseph, A. P., 5637 Beacon
Joseph, C. H., 5735 Darlington Rd.
Kann, Mrs. M. M., 336 Atlantic Ay.
Kaplan, D., 92 Logan
Katz, Dr. Jos. N., 1317 5th Av.
Kaufman, Isaac, 5035 Torbes Av.
Kaufman, N. H., 351^ McKee PI.
Kingsbacher, M., 6602 Northumber- Pennflyl-
land Av. vania
Klee, Wm. B., 928 South Av.
Klein, Jos., 809 5th Av.
Kornblum, J., Arrott Bldg.
Landman, S., 2148 Wylie Av.
Lando, Miorrls, Century Bldg.
Lando, S., 5428 Stanton Av.
Landon, A. L., 3106 Avalon
Lasday, Wm., 5526 Homer
Lelber, Dr. Philip, 805 Bluff
Levin, L. S., Denniston Av. & Wil-
kins
Levlne, S. J., 3302 Ward
Levlson, Sarah, 728 Mellon
Levy, David, 1 Cable PI.
Levy, Rev. Dr. Leonard, Hobart &
Schenley Pk.
Lewln, Dr. A. L., 3703 Penn Av.
Lewin, Robert, 345 S. Atlantic Av.
Llchtenstein, M. B., 1536 Centre Av.
Lleberman, S., 501 Wilmot
Lipman, H. M., 235 5th Av.
London, A. L, 3106 Avalon
Lyttle, S. D., 912 5th Av.
Marcus, Dr. Clara B., 1641 5th Av.
Marcus, Jos. C, 2014 5th Av.
MargoUs, Jacob, Frlck Bldg.
Marlck, Dr. S. W., 1104 Vickroy
Meyers, Abe, 912 5th Av.
Meyers, Dr. S. I., 1403 5th Av.
Neaman, Harry I., 7612 Bennett Sq.
Neaman, Morris, 1018 Vickroy
Neldle, Dr. Marks, Lafayette Apt.
Obernauer, Harold, 1841 Centre Av.
Oppenheim, G. H., 1022 Mellon,
E. E.
Osgood, Nathan, 423 Van Braam
Osgood, Saml., 917 5th Av.
Pearlman, B., 7326 Idlewild
Perlman, Wm., 619 Gettysburg
Perrin, S., 1134 N. Euclid Av.
Plotkln, Nahum. 1536 Clark
Raphael, Benj., 2203 Mahom
Rauh, M.. 5621 Northumberland Av.
Reich, H. A., Graham & Ellsworth
Ress, A. M., 1012 5th Av.
Rosen, Sol. D., 721 Arkon
Rosenbaum, O. H., 1113 Allegheny
Av.
Rosenberg, B. L., 1618 Edna
Rosenbloom, S., 1425 Beechwood
Blvd.
Rcsenblum, L., 856 E. Ohio
Roth. Ignatius H., 5 Holdane
Sachs, Chas. H., 5541 Hays
Sacklowsky, J., 1410 Penn Av.
Sailer, M., 600 N. St. Clair, E. B.
Sapper, J. J., 1000 5th Av.
Saul, M. J., 1006 5th Av.
129
Digitized by
Google
624
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Peniuylp Saville, Henry, Box 299
▼tni* Schein, Saul, 834 High View
Shaplra, M. I., 1114 N. Eadld At.
Shelnberg, B., 703 N. St Clair
Simon, Dr. D. L.. 1208 6th Av.
Simon, Oscar, 1801 Bluff
Solomon, K., Diamond & Smithfleld
Spear, Joel, 5751 Aylesboro At.
Spitz, Chas., 119 E. Ohio
Stein, Hon. Abraham C. Prick BIdg.
Stein, Mm. N., 6301 Ellsworth At.
Steinberg, Benl L., 112 Erin
Sunstein, C, 1287 Shady At., B. B.
Supowltz, M., 74 Congress
Tapolsky Sons & Co., 1016 Bluff
Trau, Gus, McPherson BIdg.
Vixman, A. H., 3811 Dawson
Welssberg, Max, 146 Robinson
White, B., 6519 Darlington Ed.
White, Chas., 6424 Darlington Ed.
Wiener Bros., 702 Smithfleld
Wilkoff, Joe, Penn. Iron & Steel Co.
Williams, I., 4753 Baum
Winfield, Wm., 1106 6th At.
Wolkin, Harry, Hartji Bldg.
Zimmerman, Dr. J., 1539 Centre At.
Pittiton
Brown, A. B.
Fleischer. Cecilia, 51 Church
Rubinstein, Dr. Harry
Plymonth
Abarbanell, A., 9 W. Main
Portage
Goldstein, A. B., Main
Goldstein, H. S.
Schoenfeld, S.
Pottstown
Bless, ReT. S.
Feuerman, S., 323 High
Friedman, S., 165 High
Greenman, P., 448 High
Hirsch, S., 423 Hieh
Horwitz. H., 940 Queen
Magistson, H., US. Franklin
Markowltz, BenJ., 703 Walnut
Meyerhoff, E. L^ 816 High
Meyerhoff, Moe L.
Miller, Isaac
Printz, A., 379 South
Prlntz, B., 184 Washington
Rosenberg, C, 614 Walnut
Schoen, J., 175 N. Franklin
Schiffer, Morris, 346 Oak
PottoTiUe
Brenner, Isaac, 216 N. 12th
Cotlar, H.
Deull, Ellis, 204 W. Center
Eber, H. L.
Lilienthal, Lillie, 117 W. Market
Refowich, J., 915 Market
Weiner, Harry, 1025 Laurel
Weiss, S. S., 722 W. Norwegian
Green, Harry, 229 2d
Green, Saml., 229 2d
Horn, Ignatz, 348 2d
Beading
Cohen, Jos. W., 633 Penn
Cohen, Julius L., 46 N. 11th
Cohen, Nathan C., 158 Qymer
Fisher, Harry, 416 N. 10th
Prank, Rabbi J., 1147 Franklin
Goldman, B., 436 Penn
Liefter, M., il6a N. 9th
Marcus, N., 1638 Mineral Spg. Rd.
Potts, A. G., 407 S. 9th
Rothschild, M., 312 Penn
Schien, DaTid, 829 Elm
Schwartz, M., 425 Penn Sq.
Sondheim, Leo J., 1568 Mineral Spg.
Rd.
Sondheim, Dr. S. J., 1044 N. 10th
Werner, A., 334 N. 5th
Zable, Abe., 214 N. 4th
Zable, Harry, 6 N. 9th
Boscoe
Special Members
Eisenberger, S. F.
Winer, L.
Annual Members
Abram, Louis J.
Horwitz, Morris
Bydal
Nathanson, Mrs. H. M.
Soranton
Benkaim, &., 415 Olive
Brandivlne, L., 319 Franklin At.
Cohn, A. B., 121 Mulberry
Emanuel, M., 326 Franklin At.
Flnkelstein, I., 109 Penn At.
Gerson, I., 327 Franklin At.
Gluckfleld, Lena. 906 Palm
Gross, L^ 611 N. Washington At.
Jacobs, Daniel, 1408 Mulberry
Kabatchnick, M., 334 Franklin At.
Kaplan, Max, 914 Pine
180
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
625
Klein, Louis, 401 Franklin Av.
Krotosky, I., 631 N. Washington
Levine, H., 313 Lackawanna Av.
Margolles, B., 203 Spruce
Newman, Dr, L B.. 317 Taylor Av.
Oldstein, Dr. H. J., 416 Lackawanna
Av.
Phillips, Geo., Coal Bxch. Bldg.
Raker, D. M., 323 Madison Av.
Roos, Dr. E. G., 232 Adams Av.
Scrwer, M., 532 Adams Av.
Shnipper, Henry, 407 Franklin Av.
Silverberg, M., 718 Monroe Av.
Silverstone, B., 225 Lackawanna Av,
Weiss, E., 308 N. Lincoln Av.
Weiss, SamL, 1321 Mulberry
Wolfgamy, E. J., 419 Penn Av.
y. M. H. A., 322 Adams Av.
Shamokin
Bornsteln, B., 34 N. Market
Bornstein, Jos., 703 N. Shamokin
Presmont, Isaac ^ , ^
Robinz, Leon, 421 N. Washington
y. M. H. A.
Sharon
Cohen, H. M., 46 S. Oakland Av.
Cohen, Simon, 34 S. Penn
Lurie, Geo., 43 Vine
Rothman, S. J., 41 Prospect
Rosenblum, A. M., 34 Vine
Routman, F., 61 Sharpsville
Sand, Louis, 76 Logan Av.
Sheffield
Epstein, Levi
Epstein, Wm.
Plnsler, Leo, Main St.
Shenandoah
Frieband, Leon, 10 S. Main
Levit, Max
Soufh Bethlehem
Glazier, M^ 217 E. 3d
Ck>odman, H. M., 536 Seneca
Goodman, Theodore, 523 B. 3d
Marcus, Lewis, 337 Wyandotte
Silverman, Jos.
Smith, Henry H., 137 3d
Tauss, B., 504 Broadhead Av.
Sonfh Fork
Cohen, S. W.
Golden, A. M.
Lewine, A. H.
Rosenburg, H. L.
Shapiro, R.
Siegel, Harry
Steelton
Baker, David P., 644 S. 3d
Stroudiburg
Special Membeb
Abrash, Alex.
Snnbury
Blow, Ely, Market
Eisenberg, J., 34 N. Front
Freedman, Mrs. Wolf, 114 N. 4th
Markley, M. H., 211 N. 2d
Mlllner, M.. 359 Market
Stoler, J. M.. Market
Wolf, L., 123 Arch
SwlMvale
Adler, Jonas, 7476 McClure Av.
Tamaqua
Baum, Isidor, 138 W. Broad
Losos, M., 416 W. Broad
Reiner, B., Ill W. Broad
Rosenzweig, S.
Tituiville
Davis, J., Franklin St.
Sobell, Rev. K., 73 W. Central Av.
Turtle Creek
Schmidt, J. J., 807 Maple Av.
TTniontown
Special Member
Rosenbaum, Jos.
Annual Members
Friedman, S.
Molans, Harry, 91 E. Fayette
Silverman, G. M., 60 Wilson Av.
Warren
Ball, Dr. M. D., 337 Hickory
Glassman, E. I., 3d & Hickory
Goldwater, Ruth
Pinsky, Robt.
Sontag, Harry
Washington
Goldfarb, Rev. J., 34 N. Franklin
Groginsky, P. M., 232 W. Chestnut
Hanan, Rudolph
Herzl, Dr. Theodore, Zion Society
Morris, Marcus, 11 Diemsen
Ochs, Louis, 114 Hall Av.
Samolsky, J., 565 N. Main
Siegel, Louis J., 267 N. Franklin
Zeff, I., 173 Church
Pennsyl-
vania
181
Digitized by
Google
526
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Pennsyl*
WeedviUe
vanift Miller, Max B.
Wllkei-Barre
Patron
Strauss, Hon. Sellgman J.
Annual Members
Alpert, I., 80 B. Northampton
Burgunder, Belle, 28 B. Northamp-
ton
Casper, Max. 20 W. Ross
Coons, Jos. D., 275 S. River
Coons, Jos. S., 77 W. Ross
Feinberg, Harry, 86 S. Main
Franklin, Herman
Freeman, H. L., 20 Bno
Freeman, M. I.. 46 Mallery PI.
Glasstein, Louis, 176 S. Main
Haltzel, Harry L., 36 S. Welles
Heinz, Maurice, 338 S. Franklin
Hirsch, Saml., 178 W. River
Kaufman, Dr. I., 43 3d
Leibson, Jos., 2 B. Market
Levlson, J. G., 33 E. Market
Levy, Felix T., 421 S. Franklin
Long, Bernhard, 235 S. Franklin
Long, Dr. Chas., 33 S. Washington
Long, Millard F., 281 S. Franklin
Lowenstein, Mrs. B., 68 S. Franklin
Mark, Mrs. Abram, 78 W. South
Oppenheimer, David, 74 Terrace
Ri^in, B., 238 B. Market
Salzman, Rev. Marcus, 94 W. Ross
Shapiro, Henry, 531 S. River
Stakulsky, H., Weitzenkorn Bldg.
Stern, Harry T.
Weitzenkorn, J. K.
Wilkiniburg
DeKaiser, I., 1332 Wood
Homml, Ludwig, 423 Biddle
Willlamsport
Goldenburg, H. N., 343 Pine
Ulman, Rosetta M., 634 W. 4th
Wilmerding
Harris, Moe, 342 Margurate Av.
Jacobson, Louis, Station St.
Schrager, David, 156 Watkins Av.
Windber
Bricker, Sol.
Woodlawn
Selkovits, Harry C, Box 1073
York
Grumbacher, Max, 1416 B. Market
Lehmayer, Mrs. N., 232 B. Market
Weinstock, H. A., 292 W. Market
Rhode
Island
RHODE ISLAND
Central Falls
Marks, J., 848 High
Edgewood
Einstein, Mrs. M., 153 Bluff Av.
Lonidale
Bolotow, Louis, 3 Pleasant
Newport
Abrahams, H. S., 18 Appleby
Alberts, Louis, 216 Thames
Bloch, Rev. J., 19 Newport Av.
Forman, Morris, 77 Division
Frant, D., 234 Thames
Jacobs, J. A., 8 Kay
Josephson, Israel J., 267 Thames
Kosch, S. S.. 92 Division
Kraut, A., 622 Thames
Lack, Louis, 106 Broadway
Levy, M., Dally News Bldg.
LIppitt, Louis, 263 Thames
Moskovich, Philip, 22 Broadway
Stoneman, M., 6 Cottage
Weiss, A. S., 134 Thames
y. M. H. A., 194 Thames
Pawtnoket
Cohen, B., 127 East Av.
Cohen, Morris, 71 B Av.
Mogilevkin, B., 80 Middle
Schwartz, M. R,, 15 Lorraine
Shartenberg, Jacob, 9 Brook
Providence
Life Member
Misch, Mrs. C, 400 Westminster
Annual Members
Ahelaon, Mtti S., 1 Jenckfia
Abrkh, A.. 216 Bellevlllo Av.
Bander, S., 295 Public
HfHlin, eenry !>., 18 Mawney
Her/^>rr, Elle, lU Prairie Av.
Bioom, BesstCt IT HalHey
Broadman. Dr, H., 140 Orms
Bronson, S. S., 48 Doyle At.
Bronstein, Dr. C. C, 177% Prairie
Av.
182
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
527
Brooks, Geo. B., 27 Mulberry
Cohen, Simon, 12 Jenckes
Cong, of Israel & David Sabbath
School, 509 Public
Cutler, Harry, 7 Eddy
Epstein, Dr. P. P., 89 Eddy
Fain, B., 311 Pocassett Av.
Feinstein, P., 194 Reynolds Av.
Garflnkle, I,, 24 WhpfitnTi
Goodwill, H* Li., 43 Ca.tnp
Gorman, Adolphj 34 Prairie Av.
Grombers', Br. M. B*, 157 Orms
He'^ker, S„ 37^ Goddard
iBcnber^. J. I,, 121 LexiDgton Av.
JoallD, .Tea.. 30 Hal Bey
Jofillb, Philip C.» 2^ Pratt
Kane, B. N., 1^3 Prairie Av.
Kapland, S„ 202 Morrb Av*
Katz, IL, 11 TTalscy
Kramer, I'billp, 04 Taylor
Latt, Max, [» Fllmore
Lebow, Dr. M., 6 Goddard
r^vlft* Mayen 267 S. Main
Logan, L., l^g Hi^yuolds At.
Mansht;!!, Cbas», VMS Bniad
Marcus, L. A., SO Jf^flerBon
Marcus, Philip V., 22 BrowneU
Mai'ki^uschi), >[.. J45 Orma
Marks, Morris, l&H N. Main
Parvey, Dr. H., 127 Prairie Av.
Plainfield, S., 45 Howell
Pobirs, Dr. A. I., 61 Benefit
Poblrs, Dr. L. J., 167 Prairie Av.
Popkin, Harry, 153 Somerset
Rablnowltz, Wm., 224 N. Main
RohlDaon, J. A.. 74 rimrleH
Koblnaon, Maurice, 6H5 Eddv
Rosen field, F. L., 55 ('omatoek Av.
Uosner, Herman, Groaveaor BIdg.
Rnthmau, Chaa., 42 Doiiglaa Av.
Kouslln, Or, B., 222 Pratde Av.
Rublnateln. S., 142 Doyle Av.
Semonorr, J,, 15 Robinson
SemonoJF, L, FL, 15 Robluaqn
Smith, Job., 4H Goddard
Stem, Rev. Dr. N.. Unlverfllty Club
Ti?mlUn, Ma3£. 71 Olney
riTcr, P,, 500 Public
Wald. S., IX H Chestnut
Weber, II., 10 fe Crait
Weber. J. H., 27 Holsey
Woiler, I. a, US Orma
"Westerly
Solomon, Lewis, 5 Jay
Woonsocket
Library Member
Y. M. H. A., 6 S. Main
Annual Members
Botkowsky, Ashel, 463 Park Av.
Brown, Wolf, 530 B. School
Cole, Adolph, 128 Sweet Av.
Daniels, I. L., 22 W. School
Falk, Jos. C, 174 Greene
Falk, Nathan, 266 Park PI.
Terkel, Albert, 59 Hamlet Ay.
Rhode
Island
SOUTH CAROLINA
South
Beaufort
Levkoif Bros.
Carolina
Keyserling, J. B.
Lipsitz, H. M.
Schenk, Leonard
Wittkowsky, L. A., 1601 Broad
Bennettsville
Strauss, L.
Levy, O.
Bishopville
Camden
Special Member
Schlossburg, H. L.
Annual Members
Baruch, Mrs. M.
Eichel, H.
Gusinheimer, W.
Hirsch, J.
Charleston
Special Member
Mordecai, T. M., 93 Rutledge Ay.
Annual Members
Barshay, M., 156 Coming
Berendt, I., 367 King
Bernstein, Walter J., 4 Mill
Cohen, D., 201 B. Bay
Council of Jewish Women,
Colonial
Epstein, N., 40 Bogard
Fromberg, H. M., 589 King
Furchgott, M., 240 King
Hepler, J. H., 601 King
Hoffman, A. J., 26 Pelt
Homick, M. J., St Johns Hotel
Horwitz, Mrs. A. S., 351 King
133
Digitized by
Google
528
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
South Israf^l, Melt- in M.. 38 Broad
Carolina J&cohs, L., 248 Rutled^e At.
Kan^sh, J. U, a Warrtm
Levy, OBcar^ 515 Kln^
LlvlnEstetn, Harrie. 4^8 Kiag
Locb, Mrs. Lee, lit* Wentworth
MftvtnB, Daridj 35T Kinj?
Natlian. M, H., M St. Pliiltpa
Nttthans, J. N., 3 College
Fearl@tltiL\ C. L., 25 Geofgc
PlDkussohn, J, a.. 2T4 Mng
Plnnskv. Hflin]., 15 Oak
rro;zi-i="-s so.'lm] riult, ^50 King
Ituljljj. [ I HI TV. "jurt King
Slmonboff. H., 70 St. PtilUp
Tobias, A., 170 E. Bay
Trleiit* M., 119 WentwortD
Turtktaub, J., 455 King
Vlsaoska, Mra. J* M., 12 Bull
Wllenaky, Harry L., 464 King
Oolambla
Merfeld, Rabbi H. A.
Darlington
Alexander, C.
Hllb, Ben, 404 Broad ^ ^^
Hyman, Mrs. A., Broad St.
Lumlansky, M. S., 142 Spring
Rotholz, E.. 119 Spring
Weinberg, A.
Dole
Keyserling, I.
Florence
Special Member
Sulzbacher, Isaac, 1 S. McQueen
Annual Members
Cohen, A. A., 112 B. Bvana
FInkelBteIn, L., 16 N. Dargan
Goodstein, S., 313 W. Bvana
Nachman, L. _
Rosenfeld, M., Dargon Ct.
Georgetown
Palenbaum, C.
Reich, M.
Ringel, J. M. ^
Schneider, A. M.
Qreenville
Edel, Mrs. H., 329 N. Main
Meyers, A. B., 1195 Buncombe
Rothschild, L.
Kingstree
Hirsch, B. L.
Jacobs, M. H.
Marcus, S.
Silverman, Mrs. D.
Abrams, J.
Miller. A.
Tigler, J.
Lake City
Lanes
Vanning
Abrams, A.
Barnett, Mrs. M. L.
Hirschman, D.
Iseman, S.
KatzoflC, S.
Levi, D.
Levi, L.
Ness, M. P.
Weinberg, A
Orangeburg
Finkelstein, E., 73 Middleton
Lubov, M.
Mirmow, M.
Rich, Mrs. P., 17 Hampton
St. Matthews
Loryea, J. H.
Pearlstine, Shep
Seabrook
Special Member
Keyserling, Michael
Sommervllle
Mirmow, S.
Sumter
Averbuck, Alex.
Consolidated Mercantile Co.
Krassnoil. S. L.
Strauss, I. C.
South
Dakota
80T7TH DAKOTA
Ipswich
Tre Fethren, E. B.
134
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
529
TENNESSEE
Tennessee
Ohattanooffa
Abel SOD, Elizabeth. 216 College
Adler, H. C, 415 W. 5tJi
Blnmbergj ,Jos,, 5 '^2 Tine
Edelsteln, A., 835 Cliestout
Goodinati, EI,, Jr., 5:i2 Market
Hpymnonj, Paul, Eilzab<?th Apt.
Josephs, Soly* 124 LTDtlsej-
PlomsKy, N., 18 V^W^m
Rosenthal, Chas., SM E, 5th
Schwarts!, U., 403 Cbertj
Btlverman, Aiinle, 414 Cedar
Slabo^Uy. A., 301 W. 9th
Winer, Abe, 711 Cedar
Winer, II. A.. 11 Eariy
Wloer, Harrv, 60Q W. eth
Y. M. H. A., 617 Cherry
Knoxville
Caplan. Isaac, 1225 W. 5th
Eosenthal, D. A., 617 W. Church Av.
Y. M. H. A., 1225 W. 5th Av.
Xemphii
LiBRABY MEMBEB
Newburger, J., 182 S. Belvedere
Annual Membbbs
Bernstein, Lee, 879 Walker Av.
Block, Alex., 1620 Carr Av.
Boshwltz, Julius, Porter Bldg.
Cohen, J. W., 1074 Madison
CoBsitt Library
Dreyfus, Albert, 825 Adams Av.
Fineshrlber, Rev. Dr. W. H., 144 N.
Montgomery
Gates, Elias, 257 S. Pauline
Qoodman, B., 4 S. Front
Haase, Chas., 1261 Peabody
Hirsch, Saml., 658 Poplar
Isenberg, S., 244 N. McNeill
Jacobs, Dr. A. G., 1491 Carr Av.
Kabakoff, H.. 847 Arkansas Av.
Kemp, Chas., 972 Madison Av.
Lowenstein, E., 756 Jeilerson Av.
Marx, M. L., 1423 Carr Av.
Rosenstein, A., 881 Arkansas Av.
Samuels, H. J., 219 N. McNeill
Schetzer, Jos., 328 Winchester
Steinberg, S., 636 Poplar Av.
Wachskurtz, S., 142 S. Main
Y. M. H. A., c/o H. Warhaftig, Libr.
Nashville
Bernstein, C, 2005 Broadway
Cohen, R., Aberdeen Apts.
Fensterwald, J., 112 7th Av., N.
Friedman, Saml., 410 Broadway
Jonas, L.
Ijaventhal, Lee J., 120 Lyle A v.
Lazarus, Ben, c/o Enterprise Soap
Works
Levy, Saml., 222 Public Sq.
Lewlnthal, Rev. I., 106 20th Av., S.
Lowenstein, S., 2511 Kensington PI.
Meyer, A. H., 2212 Patterson
TEXAS
Texas
Attitin
Rosenbaum, Rabbi D., 1100 Lavaca
Beaumont
Goldstein, Dr. L., 1493 Magnolia Av.
Gordon, H. O.
Kaufman, A. M.
Levy, Leon R., 201 Main
Mothner, M. M., 1063 Calder Av.
Rosenthal, Frank, 1063 Broadway
Rosinger, Rabbi S., 1445 Magnolia
Av.
Temple Literary Society, 1445 Mag-
nolfti Av.
Beevillo
Katz, J.
Oestreicher, A. A.
Brenham
Bvans, S.
Brownsville
Kowalski, Ben.
Nevelow, I.
Brownwood
Brin, Saml.
Bryan
Gelber, J.
Goldenberg, Joe
Gordon, Ira
Groginsky, Joe
Hart, D. S.
Jacobson, I.
Kaczair, B.
Levy, Julius
Levy, Saml.
Marwill, Harry
Mendlowitz, J. L.
Rohm, Isidore
Weiss Bros.
135
Digitized by
Google
530
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Texu Olarksville
Bloom Bros.
Corpus Ohristi
Special Mbmbbr
Cohn, H.
Annual Membebs
Cohn, Dr. J. D., 826 Purman Av.
Quggenheim, M. A., 508 Chapame
Gunst, S. A.
Harris, A., 513 Waca
Kaplan, M. T.
Weil, Chas., 601 S. Broadway
Oorsicana
Goldberg, Rabbi D., 1125 W. 6th Av.
Jarett, H., 418 W. 5th Av.
Dallas
LiBRABY Membebs
Hexter, Victor A.. 1420 S. Okard
Sanger, Alex., 711 S. Erway
Special Members
Rose, I. E., Boulevard & Horwood
Sanger, Eli., 1011 S. Broadway
Annual Membebs
Baker, Rhodes S., 3919 Lemmon Av.
Baron, I., 1604 S. Okard
Berwald, J., 1417 S. Okard
Dreyfus, G., c/o Dreyfus & Son
Eldridge, D. A, 115 Field
Epstein, Rabbi L. M., 1404 Hughes
Circle
Freshman, Saml., Elm & Lamor
Garonzik, Ephraim, Trust Bldg.
Garonzik, P., 1315 Wall
Goldstein, N., 1214 S. Norwood
Goldstein, P., 3245 Swiss Av.
Greenburg, Rev. Dr. Wm. H., 1407
S. Blvd.
Gruber, B., 2913 Swiss Av.
Kahn, E. M.
Kleinmn. I^tiIb, 1200 Cadiz
Ki-iimi?r, A. Lr., 3303 Colanlal Av.
LlpshJtz, J,. 2313 Elm
Wnii^r, SamL, 1801 Gould
Nelraan, A. L., 3311 Colunlttl Av.
RooH, Gus, 183 3 Forest
Slgel. Harry, L'G04 Elm
Smith, J, A^20& W* 0th
Waldsteln, Wm., 1718 St. Louis
Wlntermiin, J., 1207 Royal
Z^flT, Max, 3Dii N. Okard
Zesner, I., 1518 Elm
Eagle Lake
Nuesbaum, H.
El Paso
Special Member
Eichwald, H., 125 San Francisco Av.
Schwartz, A., 801 N. Oregon
Annual Membebs
Alexander, Dr. E.
Aronstein, Mrs. S., 628 W. Blvd.
Berg, Sol, 1016 E. Rio Grande
Blumenthal, B., 901 N. Stanton
Carusso, Victor, 314 S. El Paso
Cherrin, J. M., 322 S. El Paso
Coblentz, M., 1145 Rio Grande
Freudenthal, S. J., 1117 Los Angeles
Given, Saml., 1209 San Antonio
Goodman, D., 611 Prospect Av.
Goodman, Joe H., 1300 N. EI Paso
Heineman, A. M., 125 San Francisco
Hellman, Wm., 1022 Upson Av.
Jacobs, A. 'S., Box 616
Kline, Arthur H., Box 4
Krakauer, J. A., 1615 Arizona
Krakauer, R., 117 San Francisco
Krupp, H., 501 W. Rio Grande
Erupp, Harris, 326 Upson Av.
Laskin, L., 1126 Los Angeles
Leib, BenJ., 1131 Montana
Lerner, E. P., 1116 Los Angeles
l>vy, J., Box 828
Lt'vy. J. W., 104 Montana
Maypr, J. L,, 020 Sfcwart
Mfcliplson, A. R., 316 Milla
Oppenbelni, J., 200 OveHaud
Ordc-nHtt?ln. Mrs. H., 110 N, Bl Paso
Piitvln, Leo U, MlUa Bldg.
Ravtl, E., 19lr> E. Blvd.
Ravel, Joe» 405 S. El Paso
RogenatplQ, Mux, 625 i:fpson Av.
Roplns, Wrn,. 7*if> Mundv Av
SchwaiU, M., 801 N. Oregon
Schwartz, S. I., 1017 N. Virginia
Silverman, J., 1106 E. Rio Grande
Stoloroff, A.
Stoloroff, Mrs. J., 819 N. Oregon
Talpis, Ralph T., 630 Prospect Av.
Zalbowsky, F., 1016 Olive
Zieionka, Rabbi M., Box 817
Zork, G., 117 San Francisco
Ennis
Raphael, Edmond
Fort Worth
Ahavath Sholom Cong.
Bath, Felix P.
Borschow, Mrs. M., 120 St. Louis
Av.
136
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
631
Brann, A. D., 1111 Travis Av.
Cohen, G.. 1117 Peter Smith
Council of Jewish Women, 712 Hen-
derson
Eppstein, M. L., Eppstein BIdg.
Fox, Geo.
Gens, T., 650 Bryan Av.
Gernsbacher, H., 1415 Texas
Gerstein, Rabbi N., 418 E. 4th
Henninger, J., 1002 Common
Joseph, Saml. A., 306 Broadway
Kruger, J., 704 W. 1st
Levy, Saml., 801 Lainar
Mark, T., 918 B. Weatherford
Mehl, Abe M., 1205 W. 5th
Simon, U. M., 404 Henderson
WolfTson, Jos., 1614 College Av.
Gainetville
Baum, Godfrey, 417 N. Dlxton
Cohn, John
Zacharis, Sol.
Galveston
Special Members
Lasker, E., 1726 Broadway
Neethe, John, 2002 Av. L
Annual Members
Bell, H. N., 1428 Av. N
Bleich, Mrs. M. N., Market & 28th
Bnai Israel Cong., c/o Louis M.
Gernsbacher, Secy.
Brock, Moritz
Brown, H., 2619 Av. A
Cohen, Rev. H., 1920 Broadway
Cohen, Robt. I., 1704 31st
Frankel, Chas., 2424 Av. L
Kahn, Emil, 1405 Tremont Av.
Kempner, I. H., 1502 Broadway
Klein, M., 2514 Av. F
Kopprel, Moritz O.
Lakowitz, T., 2010 Av. F
Lovenberg, I., 2112 Lealy Av.
Meyer, H. B., 1608 Church
Oshman, A^ 2522 Market
Silverman, L., 2211 Post Office
Singer, J., 2220 Av. M
Sons & Daughters of Zion, 909 30th
Stein, Alex., 2601 Av. I
Zanver, Saml., Market & 22d
Gonsalei
Bk.
Stahl, S.
Hoaston
Aronson, J. L, 1303 Chenevert
Bernstein, Rev. Dr. H., 2402
Branch
Blumenthal, P., 1706 Congress
Daily, Dr. L, 1820 Louisiana
Dannenbaum, H., 2016 Baldwin
Freeman, H. W., First Natl
BIdg.
Frosch, D., 822 Travis *
Geller, Rev. J., 18 Hamilton
Goldman, Jos., 2016 Main
Greenfield, H., Prince Theatre BIdg.
Houston Lyceum & Carnegie Library
Hurwltz, BenJ., 1909 Polk Av.
Jacobson, J. H., 1020 Willow
Jewish Herald, 1018 Franklin Av.
Jewish Literary Socy., 917 Jackson
Kahn, Jake. 1416 Crawford
Klein, A., 2110 Pierce Av.
Lowenstein, J., Bellevue Apts.
Lurie, L., 404 Travis
Maas, Saml. J., 42 Hamilton
Miller, Isaac, 1818 Decatur
Nathan, M. H., 1415 Pease Av.
Ostrow, M. P., United Jewish Chari-
ties
Prince, H., 1404 Capital
Sachs, J., 2722 Odfii Av.
Sakowitz, Mrs. S., 1612 La Branch
Schuleman, Geo., 3018 Washington
Sellne, L., 602 Drew
Weil, Sol. B., 1818 Texas Av.
Westheimer, S. J., Merkel & Hutch-
ins
Kenedy
Freedman, J.
Novich, Morris
La Grange
Alexander, Jake
Krauss, A.
Lbckhart
Karp, Wolff, Box 663
Rosenwasser, M.
Shwarz, L
Weinbaum, A.
ICarshall
Applebaum, J.
Bergson, Camille, 308 W. Houston
Av.
Gross, ESdna
Texas
Hempstead
A.rauBuu, ouuii.
Special Mbmbbb
Mineola
Schwarz & Son, B.
Bromberg, I. G.
187
Digitized by
Google
532
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Texaa Kavatota
Keller, Saml.. Box 254
Orange
Aronson, G.
Miller, Mrs. L., 424 Main
Mossiker, D.
Weil, Felix
Paleitine
Brooks, Saml. D.
Klein, M. N.
Maier, S.
Paris
Goldman, Louis
Bookdale
Lowenstein, B.
Schiir, B.
Stein, Max
Bosenberff
San Antonio
Special Membebs
Deutschman, Selig, 202 Warren
Joske, Alex.
Washer, N. M., 1401 Main Ay.
Annual Membebs
Baer, L. A., 127 W. Evergreen
Brown, Dr. Alex A., 206 Augusta
Burg, Dr. S., 226 S. Monumental
Carnegie Library
Dolkowitz, Saml., 1508 Main At.
Dolkowitz, Sol., 619 San Pedro Av.
Bldridge, S. C, 215 W. Commerce
Epstein, Saul, 209 N. Press
Frank, EmiL 123 Lajirel
Goodman, H., 119 E. Elmira
Hertzberg, Harry, 521 N. Macon
Jewish Literary Club, 423 Wickes
Kray, Gus J., 122 King William
Lee, L. N., 511 E. Macon
LevinsoD, Dr. J. L., 310 Warren
Levytansky, A., 177 North
Nayfach, I. J., 1302 Garden
Oppenheimer, J., Sr., 318 Goleod
Oppenheimer, Jesse D., 309 Madison
Oppenheimer, Saml.
Rosenman, Max, 208 B. Arsenal
Schapiro, J., 516 Guenter
Scharlack, Meyer, 532 E. Commerce
Schoenfield, Dave, 116 S. Flores
Tobias, Mrs. I., 329 W. Park Av.
Wallach, Simon
Wiederman, B. A., Ill Cactns
Zorkowsky, A., 123 Slucum PI.
Sealy
Block, J.
Schumacher, H.
Sherman
Exstein, Isaac
Exsteln, Jacob
^ SmithviUo
Sumner, M.
Sonr Lake
Finkelstein, M.
Sulphur Springs
Yesner, M.
Tezarkana
Eldridge, S.
Farber, Rev. Dr. R., 904 Wood
Friedman, B., 220 W. Broad
Tyler
Bruck, S., 319 W. Elm
Goldstucker, L^ 424 S. Bonner Av.
Heflfeer, H., 875 Bois d'Arc Av.
Klein, B.
Upstate, J.
Ylotoria
Bettin, Max
Dreyfus, Ben.
Klelnsmith, R., 201 Stayton Av.
Potash, M. L., 608 W. Cfommerclal
Waco
Berkman, A., 601 N. 9th
Goldsmith, Philip, Box 735
Goldstein, I. A.
Hartot D., 1525 Austin
Jach, Dr. Gustav
Rosenberg, D., 7th & Indiana Av.
Rosenberg, J. M., 415 Washington
Sanger, A. H., 1820 Washington
Sanger. Saml.
Wise, Dan, 1200 Washington
Wichita Falls
Marcus, M. A.
Yoakum
Meyer, M. A.
138
Digitized' by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
533
Briffham
Zimmerman, Joe, Box 468
Burlington
Machanlc. B., 63 Hyde
Papkin, H., 46 School
Offden
Brody, J;^ 148 25tli
Kaplan, S. J., 2684 Washington
Krames, Joe, 1900 Washington
Rosenbluth, Henry, 852 25th
Salt Lake City
Special Member
Splra, Salon, Utah Hotel
ITTAK Utah
Annual Members
Alexander, Daniel, Prescott Apts.
Arnovitz, J. B., 55 E. 2d
Block, Nate, 28 E. 1st
Finkelstein, H., 322 5th Av.
Prank, Arthur, 927 E. S. Temple
Ganz, Harry, 5 Prescott Apts.
Lund, Wm. A., 60 E. S. Temple
Provol, J. H., 238 S. Main
Public Library
Rice, Rabbi Wm., 670 E. S. Temple
Roe, Harry H., 58 E. 1st
Roesenblatt, N., 566 S. State
Shapiro, J., 66 E. 2d
Simon, Slg., 30 W. 2d
Weinstein, E., 41^ S. Main
Weisberg, Hyman, 219 B. 2d
Av.
Av.
VE&MOKT
Swanton
Morrison, J. H.
Vermont
Alexandria
Bendheim Sons & Co., D., 407
Blumenfeld, R., 223 S. Pitt
Dreifus, L., 120 S. Payne
Reubens, L., 244 S. St. Asaph
Weil, B., 114 S. St. Asaph
Berryville
Scheuer, Louis
Danville
Special Member
Herman, P., 179 W. Main
Annual Members
Arenson, M., 523 Main
Frank, G., 306 Main
Greenberg, H. S., 746 Wilson
Hampton
Epstein, Mollie, 124 W. Queen
Rapeport, Wm. H.
Keysville
Friedman, Harry
Lsmchburg
Adler, .T., 1113 12th
Goodman, Leon, 516 Victoria Av.
Guggenheimer, Mrs. Max
Hlrsh, H. S., 806 Main
Jacobs, Bsten Rae, 1465 Rivermont
Av.
YIBGIHIA Virginia
Kulman, J., 722 Clay
Pine Lazarus, L., 924 Main
Oppleman, Jennie C, 618 Church
Rosenthal, M., 1109 Monroe
Newport News
Friedland. F., 2404 Jefferson Av.
Greenspan, M. W., 2150 Jefferson
Av.
Groff, E. J., 2700 Madison Av.
Levinson, I., 2613 26th
Mirmilsteln, S., 3215 Wash. Av.
Reyner, Harry
Rosenbaum, A., 2608 Wash. Av.
Norfolk
Altschul, Ben., 609 Graydon Pk.
Banks, Jacob, 200 W. 31st
Berlin, Dr. Lewis, 420 Freemason,
Berman, Dr. B. I,, 618 Freeraaaon
Beth El Library. Cumbi*rland St.
Blausteln, Mr^. D.. 602 Fairfax A v.
f'oheo, Simon. 736 Cbapel
Crockfn, H,, 545 Church
Crock in, Jaeob, 561 Church
Galum^ec'k, R, M., 103B Church
Glflsser, Dr. R. D., iS7S Church
OoMN-rgp Rftbbl L. I., 711 Olney RC '
Grnfft Wm. A„ C03 Graydon Pk.
TlnskHl. J,, 527 Feiiehurch
11 fb. Lltprarv Socj., 31! RijlUy
Kandpl, Jacob I., 433 Granby
Koppel, I., 418 Graydon Av.
139
Digitized by
Google
534
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Virginia Legum, I. W., 1036 W. Highland At.
Levin, Dr. D., 430 E. Main
Levy, Mrs. D. E., Raleigh Sq.
Lewis, K., 621 Chapel
Lowenberg, B., 412 Warren Crescent
Margollns, Benl., 813 Colonial Av.
Mendoza, Rabbi L. D., 426 Pembroke
Av.
Sacks, H. A., Seaboard Bk. Bldg.
Saks, J., Locblnvar Apts.
Schneer, C. H., 745 Southampton Av.
Schreler, Eugene, 619 Westover
Seldner, A. B., 1201 Stockley Gar-
dens
Shapiro, Louis J., 440 Granby
Shefsky, L., 15 Washington
Snyder, Ben, 1020 Holt
Spiegel,. A. A.. 1116 W. Rodgate Av.
Splgel, B., 1028 W. Westover Av.
Petersbnrff
Gellman Bros., 213 Sycamore
Murtchen, I. A, 143 Sycamore
Peal & Jacobs, 153 W. Sycamore
Sachs, Walter, Sycamore St.
Sollod, Harry, 264 Sycamore
Pocahontai
Bloch, M.
Ferlmer, H.
Hyman, S.
Nathan, S.
Roffel, E.
Wagner, C.
Bloomberg, H. S.. Virginia Railway
& Power Bldg.
Brown, N., Arcade Bldg.
Calisch, Rev. E. N., 1643 Monument
Av.
Capian, Louis, 421 W. Marshall
Clark, Emlle. 2204 W. Grace
Clarke, H., 1830 Monument Av.
Clarke, Sol. C, 2225 W. Grace
Cohen, H. E.. 732 W. Broad
Cohn, Henry J., 221 Governor
Flegenheimer, M., 1814 Hanover Av.
Florsheim, M. B., Royal Laundry
Galeskl, S., 737 E. Main
Gellman, A, 212 W. Broad
Grow, I. S., 122 N. 20th
Hutzler, Chas., 315 E. Broad
Hutzler, H. S., 1013 E. Main
Eaminsky, A, 1818 E. Broad
Karp, Dr. Lazarus, 114 W. Grace
Klrsh, Alfred J., Mutual Bldg.
Levensohn, N., 306 W. Broad
Levy, Arthur, 2608 Monument Av.
Levy, Dr. B. C, 409 City Hall
Levy, Meyer, 1703 E. Main
London, L. M., 215 N. 18th
Lowensteln. Jacob, 520 E. Broad
Marcuse, I. J., 2213 Monument Av.
Marcuse, M. E., Jefferson Hotel
Marks, Harry, 1208 Floyd Av.
Nelson, L. M., 1845 W. Grace
Scheer, Geo. T., 1411 B. Main
Shere, L., 910 E. Main
Straus, A. L., 10th & Cary
Susman, H., 1805 Hanover Av.
Weinsteln, D., 2521 Kensington Av.
Whitlock, P., 209 Mutual Bldg.
Portsmoath
Boys* Hebrew Club, 802 County
Crockln, M. M., 265 High
Crockin, Nathan
Pass, Isaac, 805 Court
Heb. Literary Club
Isenstot, M., 800 Chestnut
Kootz, L., 615 High
Land, M., 630 High
Zlv, B., 1201 Washington
Bichmond
Adelanski, Jacob, 800 N. 30th
Beth Ahabah Remembrance Library,
c/o Rabbi Ed. N. Calish
Binswanger, H. S., 2220 Monument
Av.
Binswanger, M. I., 2230 Monument
Av.
Binswanger, Ralph A., 6th & Burd
Roanoke
Glass, Saml., 209 10 th A v.. S. W.
Levinson, S., 1520 Roanoke
Masinter, E. M., 17 15th A v., S. W.
Maslnter, Sol., 115 11th Av.\ S. W.
Rosenberg, Sol., 511 15th Av., S. W.
Schlossberg, M. J., 402 Washington
Av.. S. W.
Schlossberg, Wm. N., 402 11th Av.,
S. W.
Splgel, Jos.
Stern, Rabbi D., 357 12th Av., S. W.
Soaih Bichmond
Oppleman, Louis, 1621 Hull
Ullman, L. E., 1523 Porter
Staunton
Shultz, Albert
140
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
636
Suffolk
AltBchuI, Victor. 119 Main
Herman, B., 939 Washington Sq.
January, H.
January, I. R.
Levy, S.
Miller, C. L.
Werble, M., 942 Washington
West Point
Moryitz & Cabe
Virginia
WASHINGTON
Washington
Olympia
Citron, J. M., 307 Hancock Av.
Seattle
Library Members
Loeb, Saml. S., 910 17th Av. N.
Zeeve, A., 949 19th, N.
Special Members
Palk, Dr. Fredk., Washington BIdg.
Metzenbaum, W., Alaska Bldg.
Rackmil, Mrs. B., 315 25th Av.
Schoenfeld, H. A., 1140 16th Av.
Schwartz, Frank, 1129 18th Av.
Sigall, A. E., 1900 E. Spruce
Annual Members
Baderman, Chas., 2010 E. Alder
Bendes, Max, 1819 Jefferson
Block, Saml., 951 29th Av.
Brick, A. M., 1700 16th A v.
Brown, Gus, 1426 16th Av.
Buttnich, J. M., 1711 12th Av., S.
Colsky. I., 1518 E. Jefferson
Eckstein, N., Schwabacher Bros. &
Co.
Pinkelberg Bros., 548 16th Av.
Fislerman, Ezra, 116 16th Av.
Priedenthal, Sol., 533 11th Av., N.
Friedlander, S., 925 1st Av.
Gershenovitz, I., 1541 12th, S.
Goldman, S. B., 211 Washington
Goodglick, M., 1706 Washington
Gotsfeld. M., 151 11th Av.
Hardman, Max, 2207 11th Av., N.
Herman, Jos., 120 2d Av., S.
Kane, J. S., 348 16th Av.
Kessler, H., 432 22d Av.
Klatzker, H., 804 23d Av.
Kreielsheimer Bros., 209 1st Av., S.
Lane, Dr. J. L, 1732 18th Av.
Lang, J. C, 1100 22d Av., N.
Levitt, A., 1901 E. Jefferson
Lurie, Mrs. I., 1202 Madison
Lurie, Israel, 121 19th Av.
Lurie, Robt., 105 2d Av., S.
Monheimer, Dr. Niell, 1532 17th Av.
Mosler, H., 1233 Yesler Way
M"'-r ^ , 1217 Yesler Way
Vrii, Mux. u::: ^-ist Av.
^i--at^r. M.. 4iu Railroad Av.
Pnnrl, L. V.. i:iO i^d Av., S.
i'rottas, Sol.. 1SE)2 16th Av.
ReUer. C, 214 1 Uh Av., N.
RogorH. S.. 128 Aloha
RoHCDtliftl. A., 1729 18th Av.
SamuelB, Dr. 8. M., 1618 Laurel
Shndp At.
S tt. fi . THmpleBldg.
bcAiu^idcr, Mrs. U., 702 Boren Av.
Seattle Public Library
Shemanski, A., 1332 2d Av.
Sidelsky, L., 554 16th Av.
Siegel, J., 334 16th Av.
Stern, L. M., 930 16th Av., N.
Waxman, Elizabeth, 1921 E. Aider
Weiusteln, Benj., 825 3d Av.
Spokane
Rosenthal, E., 827 Riverside Av.
Temple Emanu El Religious School,
2003 W. 1st Av.'
Sumai
Horwitz, Edw. S.
Taooma
Asia, Saml. B., 3214 N. 29th
Feist, Theo., 934 Pacific Av.
Jacob, Mrs. M., 902 N. Eye
Pincus, James, 710 N. 3d
WEST VIBGINIA
Bttckhannon
Karickhoff, Earl O.
Bluefleld
Special Member
Kaufman, Mrs. L., 618 Highland Av.
Annual Members
Block, B. S.. 23 4th
Cohen, I., 204 North
Greenspon, I., Quality Shop
Greenspon, Mrs. S., 415 Princeton
Av.
Hirshberger, L, 67 Bluefleld Av.
Taschman, L. H., 237 Princeton Av.
Wohlmuth, I., 2 Bluefleld Av.
West
Virginia
141
Digitized by
Google
536
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
West Ohmrloston
Virginia Special Mbmbbb
Galprin, Hyman, 328 Laidley
Annual Mbmbbrs
Bettan, Rabbi I.
Blumberg, D. M.. 608 Kanawha
Blustein, I., 1576 Virginia
Blusteln. L.
Frankenberger, M.. 1590 Virginia
Goldstein, H.. 627 Kanawha
Loeb, C, 1211 Quarrier
Schwab, J., 1521 Virginia Av.
Schwabe, A., 1429 Quarrier
SilverBtein, A. P., 1532 Jackson
Slotnick, M., 510 Kanawha
Oharlestown
Kahn, Wm.
Palmbaum, M., & Bro.
Elkins
Special Mbmbbr
Golden, Dr. Wm. W.
Grafton
Friedman, F. *
Huntington
Special Membebs
Behrend, H., 823 8th
Brounsteln, H., 510 3d At.
Gideon, Leon, 1220 3d Ay.
Rosenheim, I. A., 217 W. 4th Av.
Annual Membebs
Cohen, M., 402 13th
DeBasky, Harry, 409 15th
Friedman, J., 439 E. 9th
Gllck, H. A., 1524 4th Av.
Glick, S. G.. 31 W. 4th Av.
Maxo, H., 421 3d Av.
Pulverman, M., 303 6th Av.
Rose, H., 503 3d Av.
Schlossberg, A.
Ximball
Forman, A.
Klein, D. M.
Swelg, I.
Telch, Rev. N.
North Fork
Brooks, B.
Catzen, A.
Hermanson, Mrs. S. H.
Seligman, H.
"Welch
EfPron, J.
Herzbrun, Jos.
Levlnson, S.
Lopinsky, E. H.
Miller, k.
Sameth, J. L.
Solins, S.
Talmage, L.
Weston
Blumberg, H. •
Wheeling
Lazaron, Morris, 916 Main
Sonneborn, M., 106 14th
Yaffe, Frank J., 23 Florida
Williamson
Steckler, I.
Wisconsin
WI800K8IK
Appleton
Gerechter, Rev. Dr. E., 671 Wash.
Lyon, M., 715 College Av.
Green Bay
Sauber, Wm., 635 Cherry
Kenosha
Epstein, E., 209 Main
Rosenblum, J. D., 412 Pomery
Madison
Ellman, Geo., 114 E. Mifflin
Jastrow, Mrs. J., 237 Langdon
Kallen, H. M.
Kasdin. Saul, 234 Lakeside
Woldenberg, S. A., 28 E. Mifflin
Wolfenson, L. B., 1113 W. Dayton
Medford
Shapiro, Jacob
Milwaukee
Life Membeb
Friend, J. E., 657 Astor
Special Membebs
Rubin, J. H., 454 Ivanllne PI.
Schoen, Geo. B., 1706 State
Sidcnberg, Paul, 351 E. Water
142
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
537
Annual Mbmbbbs
Aarons, C. L., 300 Oakland At.
Aarons, Lehman, 349 E. Water
Barth, Chas., 1157 8th
Birnbaum, A., 743 3d
Cohen, David, 861 40th
Cohen, Jonas, 157 Prospect Av.
Cohen, Louis, 855 14th
Eckstein, Henry, 600 Summer Av.
Eckstein, S. A., c/o Wright's Drug
Store
Friend, Chas., 401 Summit Av.
Friend, F. W., 357 Lafayette PI.
Gardner, H.. 197 Prospect Av.
Glicksman, N., 485 Terrace Av.
Goldberg, Dr. M., 829 Walnut
Goodman, N. N., 408 8th
Greenberg, I.. 311 3d , _^ ^
Hammel, 4* 3009 McKinley Blvd.
Heller, L. H., 116 13th
Heller, Simon, 1921 Grand Av,
Hess, T. A., 903 Walnut^ ,^ ^
Hirshberg, Rev. S., 709 Stowell Av.
Landauer, Max, 290 Prospect Av.
Levi, Rabbi C, Wisconsin Hotel
Mayer, J., 461% 14th
Miller, Morris, 467 Webster PI.
Milw. Baron HIrsch Lodge, c/o J.
Previant, Secy., 592 12th
Neuman, J. H., 522 Terrace Av.
Oberndorfer, R. F., 748 Prospect Av.
Rich, A. W., 638 Astor
Rottman, M. B., 614 Galena
Shafer, A. W., 929 Garfield A v.
Soble, J., 525 Market
Stem, Morris, Cauker Bldg.
Stone, Nat, 544 Summit Av.
Temple Emanu-El Religious School,
Broadway & Martin
Ullman, Leo, 376 3l8t Wisconiin
Waisbren, Dr. B., 557 12th
Welscopf, A. S., 1170% 29th
Wollhefm, H. S., 699 Hackett Av.
Keenah
Spear, Ivan, 252 E. Franklyn A v.
Oshkosh
Block, Morris, 196 N. Park
Golbus, Nathan, 1209 Oregon
Sacine
Special Member
Rivken, A., 1535 Wisconsin
Annual Members
Grollmap. Mrs. S., 1132 College Av.
Klein, Kal, 1100 Park Av.
Weinberg, B., 409 6th
Superior
Abraham, Arthur, 1101 Hughitt
Averbook, A. B., 1623 N. 5th
Cohen, Julius L., 1424 Broadway
Edelstein, Roy, 1515 Hughitt
Gordon, Louis, 701 John Av.
Josephs, S. Y., 1306 Tower Av.
Marcus, I., 1013 John Av.
Shapiro, A. H., 2014 Baxter Av.
Shapiro, Louis M., 1905 John Av.
Siegel, A., 1124 Hammond A v.
Siegel, Mrs. E., 1319 Hammond Av.
Welngarten, J., 1620 Ogden Av.
Watertown
Lieberman, A. B., 204 W. Church
AT78TBALIA ANB NEW ZEALAND
Ballarat, Victoria
Levy, Abraham, J. P. „ ^ „ ^
Marks, Solomon, c/o Ballart Hebrew
Cong., Armstrong St
Rosenthal, Mark, 8 Victoria
Boonah, Queensland
Phillips, Lionel
Brisbane, Queensland
BInmberg, D., c/o Government Ad-
vertising Board
Blamberg, Jos., Wellington Rd.
Hertzberg, A. M., Charlotte St
Hertzberg, Abraham
Brunswick, Victoria
Levy, P., 215 Brunswick Rd.
Carlton, Victoria
Cohen, A., 214 Cardington
Mutz, A., 486 Lygon
Reiss, J., 88 Carlton
Australia
and New
Zealand
Christchurch, New Zealand
Bernstein, Rev. I. A., 366 Montreal
Dunedin, New Zealand
Theomin, D. E., 18 Dowling
East Brisbane
Blumberg, J. A., c/o Government
Advertising Board
143
Digitized by
Google
538
AMERICAN JEWISH TEAR BOOK
AnstralU East Xelbonme
^tL^.Va Abrahams, Babbl Dr. Jos., 15 Lans-
Leozer, Rev. J., 226 Victoria Parade
Rochlln, J., 116 Hotham
Fitsroj, Yiotoria
Klrsner, Mrs. Jacob, 140 Bnmswlek
Footscraj, Yiotoria
Benjamin, L., 61 Bunbury
Malvern, Melbonme
Jona, Leon J., 104 Wattletree Rd.
Melbourne, Victoria
Altson, B. H., Altson*8 Comer
Casper, E., 272 Bourke
Goldstein, L., 143 Flinders Lane
Gross. Allan, 360 Bourke
Isaacs, Justice, High Court of
Australia
Jacobs, Isaac, 366 Bourke
Landau, Morris, 285 Station, N.
Carlton
Levy. Mayer, 36 Clive Rd., Auburn
Rothberg, S., Leonard St., Parkville
Slutskin, 8., Gayner Ct, 608 St.
Kilda Rd.
Silberberg, Dr. M. D., 54 Collins
Vorth Fitsroy, Victoria
Bemer, L., 4 York PI.
BichmoBd, Victoria
Oliva, Emanuel, 290 Church
St. KUda, Victoria
Bamett, Nahum, 117 Alma Rd.
Blashki, G. L., Fairfax, Burnett
Danglov, Rev. Jacob, S. Leonards
Av.
Goodman, N. S., 37 Crimea
Isaacson, Michael, 14 Cemen
Pizer, S., 12 Chamwood Rd.
Price, L., Tyneside, Dickens St.
Sydney, Hew South Wales
Cohen, Rabbi F. L.
Jewish Literary Debating Socy.
Victoria
Marks, I. J., Kamo, Williams Rd.,
7oorak
Sharp, J., View & Parker, N. Perth
Austria
AUSTRIA
Prague, Bohemia
Altschul, Hugo, Lizkov
Belgium
BELGITTM
Antwerp
Goldschmldt, Albert
British
West
Indies
BRITISH WEST INDIES
Kingston, Jamaica
D*Acosta, Moses Perelra, 149 Har-
bour
Finzi, Arthur S., Goodwin House, S.
Camp Rd.
Meyers, Horace V., 188 Harbour
Danish
West
Indies
DANISH WEST INDIES
St. Thomas
Trepuk, M. E.
Canada
Amherst, N. S.
Arron, J., 115 Victoria
Grindler, J., 54 Spring
Hoffman, S., Harlock
CANADA
Brandon, Manitoba
Coen, v., Brandon College
Cristall, B., 110 9th
144
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
539
Brantford, Ontario
Bessen, O., 25 Colbome
Lunenfeld, I., 46 Colborne
Bridgewater, Ontario
Ducoffe, M.
Calgary, Alberta
g, S., 112
Weinfleld, Jno. J.
Sternberg, S., 1123 13th Av. W.
— ■ - Id, '
Conception Bay, Newfoundland
Feder, D.. Bell I.
Dartmouth, K. B.
Harris, J. S., Johnstown Av.
Edmonton, Alberta
Special Membeb
Sternberg, J., 35 Garlepy Blk.
Annual Members
Goldman, B. M., Suite T., Westmin
ster Apts.
Roth, H. A., Scott Bldg.
Shaw, Jos. B., 628 Clark
Singer, Mrs. S.. 9520 106th Av.
Fort "William, Ontario
Special Member
Tritt, S., 405 Victoria Av.
Olace Bay, K. 8.
Benjamin, M., Glace Bay & Victoria
Ein Bros.
Greenberg, H., Commercial St.
Jacobson. N.. Commercial St
Lighter, M., Commercial St.
Magnet, N., Bruce St.
Mendelson, W., Main St.
Saltzman, H., Main St.
Halifax, K. 8.
Brager, J. N., Waverly House
Conn, Samly 230 Argyle
Ferguson, H. L., 27 Jacob
Godlnsky, M. H., 15 North Pk.
Kitz, Henry, 453 Brunswick
Levine, J., 199 Grafton
Levine, Louis, 75 Argyle
Newman, A., 35 Buckingham
Simon, J., 296 Gottingen
Webber, u, 141 Lockman
Webber, S., 125 Argyle
Zlve, S. P., 270 Crelghton
Hamilton, Ontario Ouiada
Special Member
Sweet, Dave, 18 Merrick
Annual Members
Epstein, M., 194 McNale, N.
Lazarus, J. L., 75 B. Av., S.
Mlnkln, Jacob S., Ill Catherine, S.
Morris, Harry, 114 Augusta
Shacofsky, Myer, 260 Aberdeen Av.
Y. M. H. A., 133 H King, B.
Joliette, Quebeo
Steinberg, L.
Eenora, Ontario
Shragge, A., Box 324
Kingston, Ontario
Cohen, I., 209 Queen
Oberndorffer, M., 88 Queen
Susman, M., 2 Colbome
Lunenbnrg, K. 8.
Bachman, G. A.
Massey, Ontario
Sadowski, David
Monoton, K. B.
Schelew, Nathan, 15 Queen
Montreal, Quebec
Life Members
Cohen, Lyon, 25 Rosemont Av.
Jacobs, S. W., 97 St. James
Library Member
Goldstein, I., 555 Argyle Av.
Special Members
Freedman, H. W., 226 St. Joseph
Blvd.
Haskell, S., 346 Notre Dame, W.
Levin, A., 505 St. Paul
Mlllman, L., 259 Sherbrooke, B.
Shapiro, D. H., 127 Mt. Royal Av.
Vosberg, H., Summer Bldg.
Workman, Mark, 585 Sherbrooke
Annual Members
Ablnowltch, Wm., 1645 Notre Dame,
W.
Abramowitz, Rev. Dr. H., 211 Stan-
ley
146
Digitized by
Google
640
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Canada Adelsteln, L., 215 St. Lawrence Blyd.
AdelsteiD, M., 19 Esplanade
Albert. J., 53 St. Catherine, W.
Albert, Moses, 271 St. Lawrence
Alexander, A. E., 613 Victoria Av.
Alexander, A. J., 613 Victoria Av.
Aronson, Dr. A. M., 261 Mance
Ballon, Isidore, 82 Crescent
Baron de Hirsch Inst., 410 Bleury
Bercovltch, Peter. 151 St. James
Besner, Jos^ 413 Power Bldg.
BIshlnsky, W., 1560 Esplanade Av.
Blaustein, S., 624 S. Catherine. W.
Bloomfleld, S., 17 Notre Dame, W.
Borkowltz, Max, 233 St. James
Boulkind, S., 673 City Hall Av.
Bralnln, Reuben, 2588 Park Av.
Brown, Tjeon, 187 Colonial Av.
Bruker, M., 169 Stanley
Bye, Henry, 128 Bleury
Chodos, A., 313 Cadieux
Chorlton, David M., 119 Union Av.
Cohen, A., Apt. B., 979 Tupper
Cohen, A., 1090 St. Dominique
Cohen, A. Z., 36 Prince
Cohen, Rabbi H., 187 Dorchester
Cohen, J., 130 Pine Av. E.
Cohen, S., 669 St. Urbain
Cohen, S., 90 St. FamlUe
Cohen, Sydney, 350 MacKay
Cooper, A., 1047 St. Urbain
Crown, J., Hart Sommer Bldg.
Crown, Myer, 87 Anderson
De Sola, Clarence I., 180 St James
DeSola, Rev. Meldola, 338 Sher-
brooke, W.
Dreyfus, Henry, 1238 City Hall Av.
Eagle Pub. Co., Ltd., 516 St. Law-
rence Blvd.
Eliasoph, M. B., 254 Ontario, W.
Fallck, Abraham, 112 St. James
Felnsteln, D., 1092 St. Urbain
Flgler, I., 1138 St. Dominique
Flneberg, Zlgmond, 36 Shuter
Fisher, Chas., 510 St. Paul
Fisher, K., 1574 Esplanade Av.
Fitch, Louis, Power Bldg., 509
Freedman, Moe, 911 Cadieux
Froellch. Fritz. Shaughnessy Bldg.
Fromson, M., 68 Colonial Av.
Garmaise, R., 1340 St. Lawrence
Blvd.
Glttleson, A. L., 4260 Dorchester, W.
Gllckman. Moses J., 124 St. Law-
rence Blvd.
Gllckman, Philip, 40 St. Louis Sq.
Gold. M., 1113 St. Lawrence Blvd.
Goldbloom, Alton, 959 Tuppler
Goldman, Dr. I., 2314 Mance
Goldman, Leon, 17 Esplanade Av.
Goldsmith, M. A., 210 St Joseph
Blvd.
Goldstein, B., 267 Bishop
Goldstein, M., 57 Royal Ins. Bldg.
Gordon, Harry, 518 Grosvenor Av.
Gordon, Rev. Nathan, 4128 Sher-
brooke, W.
Greenford, Saml., 112 St. James
Greenspon. S. A., New Medical
Bldg., McGlll University
Groner, Ralph, 247 Elm A v.
Gross, Dr. H. S., 966 St. Lawrence
Blvd.
Hart Saml., 215 Sherbrooke
Hellllg, Lyon, 206 McGill
Hershman, H., 852 St Lawrence
Blvd.
Horsfall, H., 207 Esplanade
Isaacs, Myer J., c/o The SaniUry
Pharmacy
Jackel, David, 107 Lawrler Av.
Jacobs, E. W., 50a McGill College
Jacobs, Lyon W., 408 Henri Jnlien
Av.
Jacobs, S. A., 1109 Green Av.
Josjpe, J., 211 Laval Av.
Kahn, Maurice, 444 St. Catherine.
Kahn, S.. 444 St. Catherine, E.
Kellert, Sol., 85 St Catherine, W.
Kirsch, David, 323 Cadieux
Kirschberg. Isaac, 991 Tupper
Klein. A., 187 Lawrler Av.. W.
Kutzman, Aron. 1557 St Lawrence
Blvd.
Lang. H., 677 St Urbain
Lauterman, Dr. M., 196 Peel
Leavitt, A., 7 Queen
Levin, Julius, 567 St Catherine, E.
Levin, M. L., 605 St Paul
Levlnoff, H. M., 1519 Park
Levlnson, Jacob N., 189 Craig. B.
Levlnson. Solomon, 107 Drummond
Levitt B., 745 Cadieux
Levv. Philip. 198 McGill
Livingstone. H. H.. 959 Tupper
Lubin, Herbert, 87 Notre Dame, W.
Margollck, M., 161 Mt. Royal Av.
Mauer, B., 465 Henri Julien Av.
Mendelssohn, Jos.. 948 City Hall Av.
Michelson, S.. 679 Shuter
Miller, S.. 712 Notre Dame, W.
Mills, H., 528 St. Catherine. W.
Montefiore Club, Jack Levi, Secy.,
399 Guy
Morris. Abe A.. 64 Mance
Morris, M. L., 64 Mance
Nathanson, H., 1074 St. Lawrence
Nissenson, A., 272 St George
Ortenberg, Dr. S., 124 Pine Av., B.
Pascal, Chas., 1457 St Urbain
146
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
641
Pevzner, A., 86 Laurier Av., W.
Pinsler, P., 333 Bleary
Payaner, Mrs. M., 398 St. Lawrence
Blvd.
Rablnovich, A.. 137 Mayor
Eablnowitch, G., 1015 Cadleux
Rembrandt Stndio, 2148 E«splanade
Av.
Rittenbersr. M., 228 St. Jos. Blyd.
Rose, Isaac, 1003 Tupper
Rosenberg, S. J., 1024 Cadieox
Rosenbloom, W., 54 Overdale At.
Rosenthall, S., 1446 St. Lawrence
Blvd.
Boston, J., 88b Park Av.
Rubin, C, 657 St. Urbaln
Rubin, J., 709 St. Urbaln
Rubinovich, J. B., 846 Notre Dame,
W.
Rudolph, A., 33 Laval Av.
Sanders, M., 816 City Hall
Schlelfer, P., 792 Durocher
Schneider, J., 401 St. Lawrence
Blvd.
Schwartz, S. L^ 768 Notre Dame, W.
Segal, B. R., 17 Drolet
Segal, M., 1281 St. Urbaln
Sloves, M., 17 Bleury
Solomon, Dr. A. S., 850 St. Law-
rence Blvd.
Solomon, Louis, 725 Notre Dame, W.
Sommer, A., 50 Westmount Av.
Speyer, B. M., 625 St. Urbaln
Steinberg, D., 68 St. Lawrence Blvd.
Steinberg, Peter, 38 Colonial Av.
Sternklar, S., 52 St. Catherine, W.
Talpis, S., 79 Laurier, W.
Tannenbaum, Dr. D., 36 Sherbrooke,
W.
Tannenbaum, M., 392 St. Catherine,
W.
Tobias, N., 218 Laval Av.
Tritt, Saml. Gerald, 212 McGlll
Vineberg, Harris, 600 Argyle Av.
Welner, BenJ. M., 567 St. Lawrence
Blvd.
Weinfield, Henry, Quebec Bk. Bldg.,
11 PI. d'Armes
Weinfeld, Louis, 2459 Park Av.
Wener, S., 4155 Western Av.
Wittes, Saml., 1697 St. Urbaln
Wolfe, Harry A., 948 St. Lawrence
Blvd.
Wollenberg, A., 744 Charles
Y. M. H. A., 492 St. Urbaln
Koose Jaw, Saikatchewan
Prosterman, Max, 69 Main
Rosen & Weingarden, 48 Redland
Av.
Korih Sydney, K. 8.
Cossman, David, 75 Pleasant
Miller, M. A., 159 Archibald Av.
Wink, L., 24 Commercial
Canada
Fox, B.
Orilla, Ontario
Ottawa, Ontario
Caplan, C, 657 Sussex
Davidson, M., 600 Beuserer
Dworkln, A., 246 Rldeau
Epstein, Louis, 505 Beserer
Freedman, J., 29 Lindin Ter.
Futeral, A., 71 Nelson
Goldfield, B., 35 St. Joseph
Green, L., 203 Percy
Greenberg, L., 237 Clarence
Horwitz, Chas., 168 Queen
liCrner & Sons, B. M., 181 Laurla
Av., B.
Margosches, M. B., 35 Stewart
Marks, J. J., 344 Frank
Myers, Saml., 406 Daly Av.
Pearl, Benl, 479 Wellington
Sachs, M. J., 160 Queen, W.
Slonemsky, I., 160 Ridean
Sugarman, L, 62 Stewart
Wolfe, Jay. 35 Stewart
Quebec, Quebec
Berger, J., 65 St. Dominique
Cohen, Hyman, 20 Desfosses
Saint Catherine's, Ontario
Friedman, P. N.. 86 Geneva
HofTman, R. J., 179 St. Paul
Saint John, K. B.
Amdur, B. L, 117 Elliot Row
Brager, Louis A., 343 Union
Cohen, L., 65 St. David
Cohen, M., 110 Pond
Bllman, Israel. 43 Lombard
Gilbert, Jos., 24 Mill
Goldberg, L., 7 Lonsr Wharf
Hoffman, B.. l.'^2 .Adelaide
Jacobson, Barnet, 659 Main
Jacobson, H., 73 High
Levi, Wm., 31 Goodrich
Marcus, M., 10 Wentworth
Marcus, S. L, 34 Golding
Mayer, Jacob, 689 Main
Perchanoff, A., 53 Chapel
Poyas, A., 53 Douglas Av.
Ross, M., 115 Germain
Rubin, M., 123 King, B.
Selig, M. L, 32 Mill
Urdarg, Louis, 221 Union
Wiezel, J., 243 Union
147
Digitized by
Google
542
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Canada Bault Ste. Marie, Ontario
Porter, A., 272 Albert, W.
Rosenstein, S., 157 Queen, E.
Sherbrooke, Quebec
Echenberg, J., 168 Wellington
Echenberg, M. B., 132 Wellington
Rosenbloom, J.
Vineberg, F., 34 Wolfe
Weinsteln, M., 41 Oliver
Sudbury, Ontario
Ornsteln, A., c/o H. Feinberg
Saposnakoff, W.
Sydney, N. S.
Becker, I., 350 Charlotte
Brody, H., 732 Victoria Rd., Whit-
ney Pier
Cohn, Philip, 66 Whitney Av.
Epstein, Saul, 698 N. Charla Rd.
Garber, I., 350 Charlotte
Green, I., Whitney Pier
Jacobson, A., 684 Victoria Rd.,
Whitney Pier
Lang, Morris, 730 Victoria Rd.
Marcus, N.. Fraser Av.
Marshall, S., Main St.
Michael, B., 399 Charlotte
Nathanson, I., 744 Victoria Rd.,
Whitney Pier
Nathanson, Jos., Victoria Rd.
Nathanson, N., Whitney Pier
Sadofsky, L., 868 Victoria Rd., Whit-
ney Pier
Sherman, F., 636 Victoria Rd., Whit-
ney Pier
Sydney Mines, N. 8.
Sherman, Wm., Main St.
Shlossberg, Wm., Main St.
Spinner, M., 328 Charlotte
Steckler, Mrs. Max, 330 Charlotte
Waterman, H., 328 Charlotte
Woolfson, H., 293 Charlotte
Toronto, Ontario
Special Members
Harris, S., 178 Queen, W.
Hartman, Louis, 126 D'Arcy
Pullan, Louis I., 101 Kendal Av.
Sapera, K. L., 31 St. Patrick
Annual Members
Appel, D., 292 Queen
Arkush, S. F., Toronto Union Sta-
tion
Berman, J. L., 251 Queen, W.
Cohen, Mark G., 558 Hnron
Eisman, Kathryn, 133 Ulster
Feldman, Isadore, Willard Apts.
Genosove, M., Zionist Institute, 30th
& Patrick
Goldstein, Bernard, 219 Grace
Goldstlck, Ed., 480 Manning Av.
Goldstlck, M., 480 Manning Av.
Gottlieb, Mayer S., 307 King, W.
Halpern, Abraham E., 231 Beverly
Hansher, S. M., 35 Wells HiU Av.
Herzlich, Carl M., 42 Stephanie
Josephl, Kate, 215 Spadina Rd.
Kates, Dr. M., 408 Markham
Kenen, Em. I., 50 Bernard Av.
Lublnsky, Max, 248 Lincoe
Mansom, M., 415 Markham
Merker, Simon, 106 Adelaide, W.
Nankin, S., 73 Grosvenor
Nathanson, B., 436 Adelaide, W.
Robold, Rev. S. B., 165 Elizabeth
Rosen. M., 456 Richmond
Rotenberg, L., Jr., 131 Walmer Rd.
Rotenberg, M., 23 Murray
Schener, Edmund, 88-90 Younge
Schwartz, Dr. M., 137 Beverly
Sivltz. H. N., 34 Cecil
Vise, David, 351 Bathurst
Weber, S., 226 Lincoe
Weinrob, Arthur, 106 Adelaide
Wlllansky, Dr. A. I., 189 College
Westmount, Quebec
Special Members
Cohen, I., 4262 Western A v.
Hart, Alan J.
Annual Members
Alexander, A. E., 105 Blenheim PI.
Davis, Harry E., 376 Elm Av.
Gllckman, Philip B., 320 Elm Av.
Lievlnson. Jos., 4181 Sherbrooke
Levy, William, 488 Strathcona Av.
Pierce, A., 463 Mt Pleasant Av.
Windsor, Ontario
Geller, Saml., 51 Palicla
Winnipeg, Manitoba
Abramovich, A. J., Box 55
Adler, Julius, 249 Manitoba
Alter, S. H., 19 Maxam Court
Aronovltch, A. H., 85 Spence
Atrubln, D., 390 Selklne Av.
Beckerman, D., 311 Flora Av.
Berch, S. H., 494 Prltchard Av.
Bercovitch, Dr. A., 360 Selkirk Av.
Here, L., 138 Lome
Berman, D., 605 Main
148
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
643
Bernthal, J., 661 Selkirk Av.
Bishop, Nathan, 428 Anderson
Brand, Philip, Almonte Blk.
Bronfman, Allan, 60 Lily
Brotman, M. H., 128 Robinson
Caiman, Z., 288 William Ay.
Cashdan, Rev. E., 361 Alexander
Av.
Cohen, Mrs. E. Arakie, 143 Poison
Av.
Finesilver, H., 92 Euclid Av.
Finkelstein, M. J., 114 Henry Av.
EHnkelstein, Moses, 34 Purcell Av.
Gardner, M., 490 Gertrude Av.
Goldstein, B. I., 739 Logan Av.
Goldstein, L., 125 Luthio
Goldstein, Max, 550 Main
Green, Hart S., 10 Bannerman Blk.
Guiloroff, E^ 114 Bon Accord Blk.
Gunn, H., 388 Burrows
Ha id, M., 669 Bannatyne A v.
Herschmann, Dr. Hans, 650 Main
Huffman, Frank, 691 Main
Hyman, Marcus, Redwood Apt.
Kallchman, Dr. G., 453 Selkirk Av.
Kaslofsky, H., 226 Kennedy
Katz, H., 361 Flora Av.
Kohanovitch, Rabbi I., 281 Flora
KovBky. M. F., 656 Mftin
U=^ipslck, Louis, i:^ TMUa Blk,
LeviDBon, B., 39 (i Ark In
Miller, GyrcvlTcb. S24 Main
Morosnlct, L^jnia^ 263 JJufferln
Kevy, P., 171 Machroy Av'.
Orllkow, Lotils, 440 Prltcbard Av.
Pierce, H, M., Kln^ & Alexander
Portlj^nl, Chaa,, [ifiS iClf^in At.
Portlgal, M., 114 Charles
Rackow, Victor. 445 Burrow a A v.
Rice, L., ICO Burrows Av.
RIU, Julius L., 30 Purcen Av,
Ripstein, H. M., 15 Rozelle Apts.
Ripstein, J., 108 Bon Accord Blk.
Robinson, R. S., 42 Hargrave
Rosenthal, J., 413 Spidane
Sachs, S., Box 1852
Saltzman, H., Proviso Court
Sandheim, Rev. Herbert J., 160 Kate
Schachter, B., 205 Bon Accord Blk.
Schachter, Ch., 447 Pacific
Sheps, B., 874 Main
Shinbane, A. M., 64 Henry Av.
Shoim, F., 256 Dufferin Av.
Silverman, Dr. A. H., 396 Selkirk
Av.
Silverman, Otto, 290 William Av.
Steinberg, H., 660 McMillan Av.
Steinkopf, Max, 667 Main
Swartscop, D. M.. 249 Manitoba Av.
Tessler Bros., 598 Belmoral
Wadlinger, Annie D., 5 St. Elmo Apt.
Walter, Saml., 576 Main
Weidman Bros., 244 Jarvis Av.
Wilder, A. B., 611 Pacific A v.
Wilder, H. E., 2 Romona Court
Winnipeg Public Library
Zimmerman, B., 673 Main
Zimmerman, W. M., 295 Portage Av.
Yarmouth, K. S.
Clark, Isaac
Cohen, M.
Kaplan & Son, I.
Kitaeflf, Frank
Margolian, Jacob '
Shane, B.
Shane Bros.
Shapira, Louis
Shapiro, Wm.
Smofsky, A.
Cftnada
OITBA
Havana
Special Member
Hirsch, Alejandro, Altas 71
Annual Members
Berkowitz, Chas., San Rafael 22
Feinman, H., San Rafael 11
Jurick, Louis, Monte 201
Marcon, M., Muralla 58
Markowitz, Louis, Galiano 88
Schechter, M., San Rafael 27
Sheps, M., San Rafael
Stein. Maximo, Obispa 75
Steinberg, Jos., Obispa 102
Steinberg, Max, San Rafael 1%
Wechsler, J., Pradog 3 B.
ZoUer, John, San Rafael 27
Cuba
EGYPT
Cairo
Alexander, Aaron, c/o Mosserl & Co.
Mosseri, Jack, Box 988
149
Egypt
Digitized by
Google
544
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
England
ENGLAVB
Barley, N. Boyston, Herts
Salaman, Nina
Cbeshunt
Hyamson, A. M., The White House,
College Rd.
Edgbatton, Blrmingliam
LiBRABT MEMBBB
Spiers, Lionel, 13 Augusta Bd.
Annual Mbmbbbs
Ahronsberg, S., Alroy House, Port-
land Rd.
Cohen, Rev. A., 32 Duchess Rd.
Glasgow, Scotland
Glasgow University Jewish Socy.
Gordon, S., 239 Langside Rd.
Kilkenny, Ireland
Special Member
The Countess Dowager of Desarb,
Talbots Inch
Liverpool
Special Member
Benas, B. B., Wason Chambers
Annual Members
Harris, Rev. J., 123 Hartlngton Rd.
Levy, S. I., 26 Shelborne
London
Library Members
Spielman, Mrs. M. A., 38 Glouces-
ter Sq.
Tuck, Sir Adolph, 29 Park Crescent
Special Member
Franklin, A., 35 Porchester Ter.
Annual Members
Anschewetz, J. H., 1187 Sumatra
Rd.
Bowman, L. G., 44 Heath Hurst Rd.,
Cricklewood
Braun, Rev. M., 44 Tredegar Sq.
Bow
Cohen, N. L., 11 Hyde Pk. Ter.
Cowen, Jos., 12 Bentnick Mansions
Feldman, Rev. D. A., Court Lodge,
Mulberry St
Goldreich, S., 2 Broad St. PI., E. C
Groenewoud, S. G., 36 Grosrenor
Rd., Canonburg
Hands, Miss L., 57 Portsdown Rd.
Hertz, Rabbi Dr. J. H., 48 Hamilton
Ter.
Hochman, Rev. Dr. J., 7 Moscow Ct,
Queens Rd.
Jews Hospital. West Norwood
Lazarus, Rabbi H. M., 34 Kingswood
Av.
Marsden, Mrs. M. I., 82 Paals Rd..
Bowinemouth
Mesquita, Rev. D. Bueno de, 4 Aah-
worth Rd., Lauderdale Rd.
Mocatta Library, The, c/o Uni-
versitar of London
Myers, Maurice, Queen Victoria, B.
C.
Nathan, David L., Phillips Lane 8-9
Nathan, Sir M., 9 Palace Greene
Newgass, B., 16 Gracechurch, E. C.
Lipson, Rev. S., 98 Brook Qreen,
Hammersmith
Sacher, H.. 4 Kings Bench Walk,
Temple B. C.
Sebag-Montefiore, C. B., 35 Palace
Ct, Bayswater
Simon, Leon, 4 Kings Bench Temple
Walk
Snowman, Dr. J., 11 Shoot-up-hlll
Manchester
Levy, M., 93 Stokes
Newcastle-on-Tyne
Special Member
Brown, Lionel, Louisville, West-
moreland
Newport, Isle of Wight
Harris, Lionel L., 11 Fields Rd.
Jacobs, Leslie, 47 Llanthewy Bd.
Nottingham, Notts
Weinberg, H. J., North Rd., The
Park
Sunderland
Daiches, Rev. Dr. Sails, 2 Salem Hill
Levy, M. H.
West Kensington
Strahan,. Miss R. B., 39 Gunterstone
Rd.
160
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY
545
FBANOS France
Paris
Jewish Colonization Assn., 2 rue
Pasqaler
Weil, Meyer. 10 rue St. Cecil
OEBMAinr Germany
Berlin Darmstadt
Cohn, Emil, 27 Markgrafen Bodenheimer, Dr. L., Rheinstr. 24
Levy, Wm. B., Neue Bayreuther-
str&sse S
Wolf, Isaac, Jr., Ritterstrasse 48 Frankfort-on-the-Main
., ., Kauffman, Dr. F., Schillerstrasse 19
Inffweiler, Alsace
Meis, Henry
PORTUGAL Portugal
St. Mignel, Asores
Bensaude, Jose, Ponta Delgada
RUSSIA Russia
Kamenetz-Podolsk
Waislowitsh, Dr. Jos.
TXTRKEY Turkey
Mersina
Nathan, Edw. I., The American
Consul
UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA
Amersf oort, Transvaal
Simon, Philip, Box 15
Beaconsfleld, Cape Province
Levinsohn, M., Palmerstone Hotel
Benoni, Transvaal
Life Member
Benoni Dorshei Zion Assn.
Bethal, Transvaal
Schlosberg, R., Box 6
Bloemfontein, Orange River Colony
Lovins, J.
Bulawayo, Rhodesia
Cohen, Rev. M. J., Box 470
Cape Town, Cape Province
Alexander, M., Heilbron, St. James
Beinkenstadt, M., Box 1148
Gesundheit, J., 10 Schoonder
Gitlin, J., 119 Hatfield
Gurland, M., 4 Derry Ter.
Junior Zionist Socy., 47 Hope
Kark, Dr. S. E.
Maister, J. L, 5 Sir George Gray
Millner, Max, Box 1467
Schachna, Geo., Box 944
Schwartz, I., 4 Gordon
Zuckerman, J., Box 43
Be Wet Station, Cape Province
Brown, J., Dist. Worcester
Durban, Natal
Albert, David, 58 Park Av.
Isaacs, J. H., Anglo-African House.
Smith St.
Strelitz, Rev., Wolsley
Fordsbnrg , Transvaal
Chatzkelowitz, P., 44 Av. Rd.
Frankfort, Orange River Colony
Hackner, H.
Kopelowitz, B.
Segal Bros., Box 31
Union of
South
Africa
151
Digitized by
Google
546
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
Union of Genniston, Transvaal
w-t-- Alexander, Emanuel, c/o Adams
Africa Alexander, Meyer St
Gulnsberg, M., Knights Central Gold
Mining Co.
Graliamstown, 0. P.
Alexander, Prof. Jack, Rhodes Uni-
versity Coll.
Nailand, J., Market Sq.
Harrismith, Orange Free State
Kahn, M.
Rosing, L.
Hillboon, Transvaal
Rabb, Ralph, 39 Twist
Johannesburg, Transvaal
Alexander, B., Box 2590
Barnett, B., 25 Soper Rd.
Belcher, Lewis L., 31a Saver
Brewer, S. W., Box 338
Cohen, A. J., Box 2183
Ginsberg, A., Box 3158
Goodman, I. M., Box 4955
Gordon. B., Box 329
Heb. High School, Box 5575
Jacobs, J., 106 Gordon Rd.
Jacobson, Morris, 114 Bree
Janover, J., 6 Goldreich, Hilbroch
Johannesburg Young Zionist Society,
Box 1465
•Tosselowitz. H., Box 2516
Landau, Rev. J. T., " Salem,"
Pietersem St.
Lapidas, B., Box 3480
Meyer, A. L., Esq., 28 Harrison
Reneharz, Bernard, Box 4989
Rosengard, Leah, Jewish Govt
School
Schlosberg, A., Box 2025
Seltzer, S., Box 3270
Shapiro, S.. Box 1444
Wilk, Box 565
Kimberley, Gape Colony
Apter, S., George St.
Cohen, B.. Belle Vista, Belgravia
Davidson, J., New Main St.
Diamond, S., Grand Hotel
Griqualand W. Ezrath Zion Assn.,
2 N. Circular Rd.
Isaacs, Rev. H., Synagogue House
Isaacson, Miss C, Bean St.
Jacobson, K., Box 390
JoflFe, Louis C.
Kremer, S., New Main St.
Long, N., c/o D. Isaacs & Co., Mar-
ket Sq.
Maresky, J., S. Circular Rd.
Price, Julius, Box 390
Price, Lewis, Box 390
Price, Maurice, Box 376
Sapiro, Reuben H., 2 N. Circular
Rd.
Segal, L., De Beers Rd.
Stoller, Harry, 21 Siddy
Knights, Transvaal
Lenson, I. H., Box 6
Kroonstad, Orange Biver Colony
Davis, H., Box 40
Lealin, Bhodesia
EHnkelsteln, J., Esq.
Lorenzvllle, Transvaal
Jacobson, C. I., 26 Sydney Rd.
Maitland, Cape Province
Salber, M.
Nigel, Transvaal
Lowenstein, I. M., Box 17
Plen, M. J., Box 25
Kuy Station, Cape Province
Zuenner, E.
Oudtshoom, Ctape Province
Klein, A., Queen St
Lewin, Mrs. Herman, Box 34
Pretoria, Transvaal
Davis, Advocate Adolf, Alexandra
Bldg.
Freedman, E., Box 668
Galgut, H., 354 Schoeman
Leibman, Moritz, Box 419
Meyerson, Saul, 401 Schoeman
Rabinowitz, A., The Pretoria Zionist
Library
Schlosberg, Miss F., Broukhorst
Sprint
Sesheke, Northern Rhodesia
Susman, Oscar
Yet River, Orange River Colony
Levy, I., Vet River Sta.
Wolseley Station, Cape Province
Sax, N., Dist Tulbagh
Yeoville, Transvaal
Katzenelenbogen, Mrs. B., Becker &
Kenmere Rd.
152
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 547
CHAETEE
The terms of the charter are as follows :
The name of the corporation is The Jewish Publication
Society of America.
The said Corporation is formed for the support of a benevo-
lent educational undertaking, namely, for the publication and
dissemination of literary, scientific, and religious works, giv-
ing instruction in the principles of the Jewish religion and in
Jewish history and literature.
The business of said corporation is to be transacted in the
city and county of Philadelphia.
The corporation is to exist perpetually.
There is no capital stock, and there are no shares of stock.
The corporation is to be managed by a Board of Trustees,
consisting of fifteen members, and by the following oflQcers:
President, Vice-President, Secretary, and Treasurer, and such
other oflBcers as may from time to time be necessary.
19 153
Digitized by
Google
548 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
BY-LAWS
ARTICLE I
Membership
Section I. — The Society shall be compbsed of Annual
Members, Special Members, Library Members, Patrons,
Friends, and Life Members. Any person of the Jewish faith
may become a Member by paying annually the sum of three
dollars ($3), or a Special Member by the annual payment of
five dollars ($5), or a Library Member by the annual pay-
ment of ten dollars ($10), or a Patron by the annual pay-
ment of twenty dollars ($20), or a Friend by the annual
payment of fifty dollars ($50), or a Life Member by one
payment of one hundred dollars ($100).
Sec. II. — Any Jewish Society may become a Member by
the annual payment of ten dollars ($10).
Sec. III. — Any person may become a Subscriber by the
annual payment of three dollars ($3), which entitles him or
her to all the publications of the Society to which members
are entitled.
article II
Meetings
Section I. — The annual meeting of this Society shall be
held in the month of May, the day of such meeting to be
fixed by the Directors at their meeting in the previous March.
Sec. II. — Special meetings may be held at any time at the
call of the President, or by a vote of a majority of the Board
of Directors, or at the written request of fifty members of the
Society.
164
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 549
ABTIOLB III
Officers and Their Duties
Section I. — There shall be twenty-one Directors, to be
elected by the Society by ballot.
At the annual meeting to be held in May, 1908, there shall
be elected eleven directors. Seven to serve for one year, two to
serve for two years, and two to serve for three years; and at
every subsequent annual meeting, seven directors shall be
elected for three years.
Sbo. II. — Out of the said twenty-one, the Society shall
annually elect a President, Vice-President, and Second Vice-
President, who shall hold their offices for one year.
Sec. III. — The Society shall also elect fifteen Honorary
Vice-Presidents, in the same manner and for the same terms
of office as the Directors are chosen.
Sec. IV. — The Board of Directors shall elect a Treasurer,
a Secretary, and such other officers as they may from time to
time find necessary or expedient for the transaction of the
Society^s business.
Sec. V. — The Board of Directors shall appoint its own
committees, including a Publication Committee, which com-
mittee may consist in whole or in part of members of the
Board.
The Publication Committee shall serve for one year.
AETIOLB IV
Quorum
Section I. — Forty members of the Society shall constitute
L quorum for the transaction of business.
155
Digitized by
Google
550 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
ARTICLE V
Vacancies
Section I. — The Board of Directors shall have power to
fill all vacancies for unexpired terms.
ARTICLE VI
Benefits
Section I. — Every member of the Society shall receive a
copy of each of its publications approved by the Board of
Trustees for distribution among the members.
ARTICLE VII
Free Distribution
Section I. — ^The Board of Directors is authorized to dis-
tribute copies of the Society's publications among such insti-
tutions as may be deemed proper, and wherever such distri-
bution may be deemed productive of good for the cause of
Israel.
ARTICLE VIII
AuocUiaries
Section I. — Other associations for a similar object may
be made auxiliary to this Society, by such names and in
' such manner as may be directed by the Board of Directors,
and shall have the privilege of representation at meetings.
Agencies for the sale and distribution of the Society's publi-
cations shall be established by the Board of Directors in
different sections of the country. The Society shall have the
right to establish branches.
166
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 551
ARTICLE IX
Finances
Section I. — Moneys received for life memberships, and
donations and bequests for such purpose, together with such
other moneys as the Board of Directors may deem proper,
shall constitute a permanent fund, but the interest of such
fund may be used for the purposes of the Society.
article X
Amendments
These By-Laws may be altered or amended by a vote of
two-thirds of those entitled to vote at any meeting of the
Society; provided that thirty days' notice be given by the
Board of Directors, by publication, to the members of the>
Society.
157
Digitized by
Google
552 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
LIST OF BOOKS
ISSUED BY
The Jewish Publication Society
OF AMERICA
HISTORY
HISTORY OF THE JEWS.— By Pbof. H. Gbactz. Portrait; maps.
Cloth» $2.00 per volume. $9.00 per set of six volumes; three-
quarter Persian Morocco. $18.00.
OUTLINES OF JEWISH HISTORY.— By Laot Magnus. 888 pp.
School Edition, 60 cents.
JEWISH HISTORY.— By S. M. Dubnow. 184 pp. 60 cents.
A SKETCH OF JEWISH HISTORY.— By GusTAY Kabpklss. 109
pp. 26 cents.
JEWS AND JUDAISM IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.— By
GusTAV Kabpeles. 83 pp. 25 cents.
JEWISH LIFE IN THE MIDDLE AGES.— By Israel Abrahams.
452 pp. $1.60.
OLD EUROPEAN JEWRIES.— By David Phujpsoic. 281 pp.
75 cents.
THE MESSIAH IDEA IN JEWISH HISTORY.— By Julius H.
Gbeenstone. 348 pp. 75 cents.
THE PERSECUTION OF THE JEWS IN RUSSIA.— 87 pp. 25
cents. (Out of print.)
WITHIN THE PALE.— The True Story of the Anti-Semitic Per-
secution in Russia. — By Michael Davitt. 300 pp. 30 cents.
(Out of print.)
THE VOICE OF AMERICA ON KISH I NEFF.— Edited by Ctbus
Adleb. 499 pp. 30 cents.
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 553
BIOGRAPHY, ESSAYS, AND MISCELLANEOUS
WORKS
RA8HI. — By Maubick Libbb. Translated by Adelb Szold. 278
pp. 75 cents.
MAIM ON IDES. — Bt David Tblluc and Ibbael Abbahamb. 239
pp. 75 cents.
PHILO-JUDAEU8 OF ALEXANDRIA.— By Nobman Bbntwioh.
273 pp. $1.00.
JOSEPHUS. — By Noeman Bentwich. 266 pp. $1.00.
LEON GORDON.— By Abeaham B. Rhine. 181 pp. 75 cents.
SOME JEWISH WOMEN.— By Hbnbt Zibndobf. 270 pp. $1.25.
(Out of print.)
SONGS OF EXILE. By Hebrew Poets. Translated by Nina
Davis. 146 pp. 50 cents.
JEWISH LITERATURE AND OTHER ESSAYS.— By Gustav
Kabpelbs. 404 pp. $1.26.
CHAPTERS ON JEWISH LITERATURE.— By Isbael Abeahams.
275 pp. 75 cents.
THE RENASCENCE OF HEBREW LITERATURE (1743-1885).
Bt Nahuh Slouschz. 307 pp. $1.25.
THE HASKALAH MOVEMENT IN RUSSIA.— By Jacob S.
Raisin. 355 pp. $1.50.
THE HOLY SCRIPTURES WITH COMMENTARY— MICAH.—
By Max L. Maboolis. 104 pp. 75 cents.
THE BOOK OF PSALMS.— 311 pp. Leather, 75 cents; cloth, 50
cents.
THE TALMUD. — By Emanuel Deutsch. 107 pp. 25 cents.
THE TALMUD. — By Absene Dabmesteteb. 97 pp. 25 cents.
READINGS AND RECITATIONS.— Compiled by Isabel E. Cohen.
294 pp. 60 cents.
LEGENDS AND TALES.— Compiled by Isabel E. Cohen. 260
pp. 50 cents.
SELECTIONS OF PROSE AND POETRY.— By Mabion L. Misch.
444 pp. $1.25.
JEWISH SERVICES IN SYNAGOGUE AND HOME.— By Lewis
N. Dembitz. 487 pp. $1.00.
THE ETHICS OF JUDAISM, VOLS. I AND II.— By M. Lazaeus.
$1.50.
STUDIES IN JUDAISM. First Series.- By S. Schecuteb. 359 pp.
$1.50.
Digitized by
Google
554
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
STUDIES IN JUDAISM, Second Series.— By S. Schechteb. 362
pp. $1.50.
THE LEGENDS OF THE JEWS, Vols. I, II, III, and IV.— Bt Louis
GiNZBEBG. 12.00 each.
SELECTED ESSAYS BY AHAD HA-' AM. —Translated by Leon
Simon. 347 pp. $1.50.
ZIONISM.— By Richabd J. H. Gottheil. 258 pp. $1.50.
THE BOOK OF DELIGHT AND OTHER PAPERS.— By Isbael
Abrahams. 323 pp. $1.50.
SABBATH HOURS. — By Liebman Adleb. 338 pp. 75 cents.
HEARTH AND HOME ESSAYS.— By Bstheb J. Ruskat. 96 pp.
25 cents.
JEWS IN MANY LANDS.— By Elkan N. Adleb. 259 pp. 75 cents.
PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE FIFTH ANNUAL SESSION OF
THE SUMMER ASSEMBLY OF THE JEWISH CHAUTAU-
QUA SOCIETY. 25 cents.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST CONVENTION OF THE
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN. 426 pp. 60
cents.
PAPERS OF THE JEWISH WOMEN'S CONGRESS. 270 pp.
50 cents.
AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK.— Edited by Ctbus Adub,
Henrietta Szold, Hebbert Fbiedenwald, H. G. Fbiedman, Her-
man Been stein, and Joseph Jacobs.
For 5660 ( 1899-1900) . 290 pp. 75 cents.
For 5661 ( 1900-1901) . 763 pp. $1.00.
For 5662 (1901-1902) . 321 pp. 76 cents.
For 5663 (1902-1903). 821 pp. 76 cents.
For 5664 (1903-1904) . 829 pp. 75 cents.
For 5665 (1904-1905) . 617 pp. $1.00.
For 5666 (1905-1906) . 367 pp. 75 cents.
For 5667 ( 1906-1907 ) . 307 pp. 75 cents.
For 5668 ( 1907-1908) . 662 pp. $3.00.
For 5669 ( 1908-1909 ) . 362 pp. 75 cents.
For 5670 (1909-1910). 368 pp. 75 cents.
For 5671 ( 1910-1911 ) . 449 pp. 75 cents.
For 5672 (1911-1912). 465 pp. 75 cents.
For 5673 ( 1912-1913 ) . 463 pp. 75 cents.
For 5674 ( 1913-1914 ) . 636 pp. $1.00.
For 5675 (1914-1915). 591 pp. $1.00.
For 5676 (1915-1916). 568 pp. $1.00.
Digitized by
Google
JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 555
FICTION
THE VALE OF CEDARS AND OTHER TALES.— By Qback
AouiLAR. 428 pp. 11.00.
STRANGERS AT THE GATE.— By Samuel Gobdoic. 468 pp.
11.00.
SONS OF THE COVEN ANT.— By Samuel Gordon. 500 pp. $1.00.
IDYLS OF THE G ASS.— By Martha Wolfenstein. 295 pp. 75
cents.
A RENEGADE AND OTHER TALES.— By Mabtha Wolfen-
stein. 322 pp. 75 cents.
UNDER THE EAGLE'S WING.— By Sara Miller. 229 pp. 50
cents.
LOST PRINCE ALMON.— By Louis Pendleton. 218 pp. 50
cents.
STEP BY STEP. Story of the Early Life of Moses Mendelssohn.
— By AuuAM S. Isaacs. 162 pp. 75 cents.
DAVID THE GIANT KILLER AND OTHER TALES OF
GRANDMA LOPEZ. — By Emilt Solis-Cohen. 250 pp. 75
cents.
THE GAME OF DOEG— By Eleanor A. Harris. 190 pp. 75
cents.
IN ASSYRIAN TENTS. — By Louis Pendleton. 248 pp. 50 cents.
♦THEY THAT WALK IN DARKNESS. Ghetto Tragedies.— By
I. Zangwell. 486 pp. $1.50.
♦DREAMERSOFTHEGHETTO.- Byl. Zanqwill. 537 pp. $1.50.
^CHILDREN OF THE GHETTO.— By I. Zanowill. 2 vols. 451
pp.» 325 pp. $2.00.
IN THE PALE. — By Henry Iliowizi. 367 pp. 75 cents.
RABBI AND PRIEST. — ^By Milton Goldsmith. 314 pp. 75 cents.
THINK AND THANK.— By S. W. Cooper. 120 pp. 35 cents.
VOEGELE'S MARRIAGE AND OTHER TALES.— By Louis
Sghnabel. 83 pp. 25 cents. (Out of print.)
BEATING SEA AND CHANGELESS BAR.— By Jacob LiAZAbee.
133 pp. 50 cents.
* Books marked with an asterisk »old to Mlembert only.
Digitized by
Google
556 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK
STORIES AND PICTURES.— By Isaac Loeb Pebbz. 466 pp.
$1.25.
YIDDISH TALES. — Translated by Helena Pbank. 599 pp. $1.26.
STORIES OF JEWISH HOME LIFE.— By S. H. MoBBNTHAL. 388
pp. 76 cents.
SIMON EICHELKATZ— THE PATRIARCH.— Two Stories of
German Jewish Life. — By Ulbigh Fbank. 432 pp. 76 cents.
THE SIGN ABOVE THE DOOR.— By W. W. Canfikld. 325 pp.
$1.00. (Out of print.)
THE YOUNG CHAMPION.— By Abbam S. Isaacs. 196 pp. 76
cents.
IN THOSE DAYS. — By Jehudah Steinberg. 198 pp. $1.00.
THE POWER OF PURIM AND OTHER PLAYS.— By Ibma Kraft.
190 pp. $1.00.
Pubiications sent from the Society's Office Postpaid
Special Terms to Schools, Libraries, and Boolcsellers
The Jewish Ptiblication Society of America
Broad Stieet and Girard Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa.
Z^ Both (gaHimox^ (pveee
BALTIMORE, MD., U. 1. A.
Digitized by
Google
ADVERTISEMENTS 557
The Jewish Quarterly
Review
A Publication Devoted to Jewish
History, Literature, Philology^
Archaeology, and
Cognate Subjects
The New Series of this Review, now in
its sixth volume, is edited by Cyrus Adler
and S. Schechter, as a continuation of the
Quarterly published in London from 1888
to 1908. The subscription price is fixed
at Three Dollars per annum. Back vol-
umes of the New Series can be furnished
to the Subscribers at Two Dollars per
volume. Checks or Money Orders should
be made payable to the Jewish Quarterly
Review, and addressed to the Dropsie
College for Hebrew and Cognate Learn-
ing, Broad and York Streets, Philadel-
phia, Pa., U. S. A.
Digitized by
Google
558 ADVERTISEMENTS
THE JESSUP & MOORE PAPER CO.
MANUFACTURERS OF
HIGH-GRADE PAPERS
AND
SODA PULP
Augustine Mills Rockland Mills Kenmore Mills
Delaware Mills Radnor Mills
PHILADELPHIA OmCE NEW YORK OmCE
16 S. Broad St. 290 Broadway
A JEWISH CHILD'S BOOK
BY
KATHERINE MVRTILLA COHEN
A BEAUTIFUL twenty-eight page Kttle voitime
containing twelve full-page illustrations in color of
ceremonials in the Synagogue ahd Home. Elach
illustration is accompanied by a verse descriptive of the
ceremonial pictured. The book is printed in large clear
type and every detail has been planned to delight the
eye and mind of Jewish children of kindergarten age.
issued hj
The Jewish PubHcation Society of America
Broad St. and Girard Kw., Philadelphia
Price* IS Cents per Copy.
Diicounta to Sunday-Sckoolt, CItww. and Booksdlers buyinc in qouititie*
Digitized by
Google
ADVERTISEMENTS 559
The Lord Baltimore Press
(Formerly The Priedenwald Co.)
PRINTERS
LITHOGRAPHERS
BOOK BINDERS
FOLDING BOXES
"The House with the FacUities"
Greenmount Ave. and Oliver St.
BALTIMORE, MD.
Digitized by
Google
Digitized by
Google
Digitized by
Google
Digitized by
Google
Digitized by
Google
■
1
Digitized by
Google
3tyo
3 2044 097 911 739
Live Music Archive
Librivox Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland Museum of Art
Internet Arcade
Console Living Room
Books to Borrow
Open Library
TV News
Understanding 9/11