American missionary register

I No. ire . I

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I INQUIRY ON MISSIONS^ |

I AND I

I THE STATE OF RELIGION |

OF THE

Theological Seminary

PRINCETON, N. J.

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Vol. VI.

AUGUST, 1825.

No. 8.

FROM THE LONDON MISSIO.N'ARY REGISTER.

CHARACTERS AND OBITUARIES OF THREE NATIVES OF INDIA.

The Female and the young Semiriarist,
Tvhose deaths are here recorded, were con-
nected with the Missions of the Church
Missionary Society. Vesuvasum, the third
Christian here mentioned, belonged to the
Travancore Mission of the London Mis-
sionary Society.

FRANCES ALLEN.

The Rev. W. Bowlcy, of Chunar, sends
the following interesting account of a
pious Girl in Lis congregation.
The father of this little girl died about
twelve months before her. From the tin:ie
of his death, she had been under the sole
management of her widowed mother, a
pious Member of our Church.

From very early age, this child had mani-
fested a superior genius, much beyond tlie
generality of children in India. She was
also obedient, respectful, and affectionate
to her mother. These amiable qualities,
together with her modest}', seemed to grow
with her growth ; and, with the respect and
courtesy which she paid to her superiors,
attracted the notice and gained the affection
of those who knew her. Often, w hen her
mother returned home after a long walk,
this dear little creature used to approach
her with great aifection — press her feet, in
order, as she said, to alleviate tb.e pain and
fatigue which her mother must have felt —
and then Lrino; water in a basin to wash
them. Thus did she entwine round the af-
fection of her parent, and reward her for the
pious care and discipline which she exer-
cised over her : had these services been re-
quired of her, it were of less import ; but
they were entirely voluntary.

Her mother, being herself blessed with a
delight in spiritual things, made it a point
ofdnty to have her daughter always at

Vol. VI. 20

Church ; where she conducted herself with
order and attention — frequently manifest-
ing, by the answers wliich she gave to the
questions put to her, that slie understood
something of what she heard : at times,
she could retain but little ; which she im-
puted to the conduct of the children about
her.

Thus did she continue to behave till sh(r
was taken ill. During her illness, which
was about three weeks, she manifested a
patient and resigned disposition. On the
day of her death, I saw her in the morning,
when she was calm and quiet, and had a
pleasant look. About two hours previous,
she sat up on the bed ; and, as if conscious
that she must soon stand before her Judge,
to render an account for the deeds done in
the body, she turned round to her godmo-
ther and then to her mother, and, with her
little hands joined together, humbly begged
pardon for whatever offences she had hi-
therto done: which being granted, with a
prayer that God might forgive her, she lay
rom))osed til! within a few minutes of her
death, when she turned to her mother, ex-
claiming, "Mother, 1 am going !" To these
heart-rending uords, the devout mother,
without the least hesitation, replied, —
" Well ! my dear — if Jesus Christ calls
you away, you may go !" She embraced
her mother most affectionately, clasped her
arms round her neck, and continued to kiss
her heartily for some time ; and, almsst
immediately after, her spirit took its flight,
v. ithout the least struggle or agitation, to
its eternal rest.

nOOROOPATTAM.

The following account of this Youth, who
was one of the Seminarists, at Madras, of
the Church ?:Iissionary Society, is given hj
the Rev. William Savrver.

226

BiOGRiVPHY.

[Aug.

The day preceding his death, he appeared
deeply affected by the sudden death of one
of bis schoolfellows who had only come to
the Seminary on the preceding day. Just
as the body of this youth was being placed
on the bier, in order to its interment in
Vepery Burial-ground, Gooroopattam came
to me, and complained of the same symp-
toms as had proved fatal the day before. I
asked him whether he felt any fear: lie in-
stantly replied, " No, not the least fear."
1 gave him the first dose of medicine pre-
viously to "oing to the funeral of the other
boy, and left directions for its repetition
every twenty minutes until 1 returned. On
my return, he was apparently better : about
eight o'clock, however, he grew worse ; and,
from this time, medicine of the strongest
kind had no effect.

When I found how the attack would ter-
minate, and that but a short time remained
to him here, I asked him several questions
with regard to his soul, to which he gave
satisfactory answers. I had not been ab-
sent from him above half an hour, when he
sent word that he desired to speak with me.
On my going up to him, he seemed to be
completely altered : his countenance was
settled, and his voice strong and clear ; and
his deep sunk eye gave him the appearance
of an aged Christian, giving his last counsel
to surrounding friends. Raising himself up,
he stretched out his cold hand to shake
hands with me : while pressing my hand
very forcibly, he spoke as follows : " I am
now on a long journey, even on a journey
to heaven : I feel unworthy to shake hands
with you, but yet I take the liberty of doing
so." He then thanked me, in a most affect-
ing manner, for the kindness which I had
shown him. After this, he told me that he
had four fanams which he wished to dispose
of— "When I am dead, give two fanams to
the Ayah," servant, " for her love and affec-
tion toward me in this my last illness, and
one fanam to each of my relations." This
and some other little Avorldly concei'ns being
settled, with all the precision of a man in
full health, he said, " God has blessed my
mother with five children. I am about to
be taken from her. I desire that the intel-
ligence of my death may be communicated
to her ; but with the request that she will
not come to Madras, as it will be attended
with her death." He then addressed him-
self thus to his fellow-scholars: — "The
words of the Lord are, A'b man, havmg put
his hand to the plough and looking back, is Jit
for the kingdom of heaven : therefore, as you
are called to preach the words of truth to
the Heathen, be faithful and labour."
At his request, the tenth verse of the Second
Chapter of Micah was read to iiim — Arise
ye, and depart ; for this is not your rest ; he-
cnuse it is polluted, it shall destroy you, even

with a sore destruction. He then shook
hands, separately, with each person pre-
sent ; embracing his relations. " Pray for
me," he said, " every one of you, and I will
think of you in Heaven." He seemed
pleased with this idea.

Finding his mind so clear and composed,
I thought it a favourable opportunity to ask
him some questions, which might satisfy
me more as to his state before God. " You
seem composed," 1 said. " Does this arise
from solid peace in your heart?" "Yes" —
" Now, tell me what is the kind of peace
which you feel?" " The peace of God" —
" HoAV did you come to possess this peace ?"
" By believing in Jesus Christ" — When did
you begin to know Christ ? Was it at Tran-
quebar, or since you came to the Semina-
ry ?" " After my admission into this Insti-
tution, 1 became possessed of this know-
ledge"— "In what particular manner did
you come to this precious knowledge ?"
" By reading the Word of God"—" Did any
particular passage strike you?" "Yes" —
" What was it ?" " This is a faithfid saying,
and worthy of all acceptation, that Jesvs Christ
ccune into the world to save sinners.^^ This
was a text from which 1 h-ad preached, some
months before — " Had you ever any con-
versation on this subject with any one ?"
" Yes : I heard a sermon preached once,
and also conversed with my other friends in
the Seminary"— " Did the death of little
Arseervardam," a boy who died suddenly
by the bite of a snake, " make any particu-
lar impression on your mind ; and do you
think you derived any profit from it?" "I
think I knew Christ before that, and have
known him since."

Finding the poor little boy getting weak,
I asked bim no more questions. He was
still sitting, supported by two or three per-
sons ; when, beginning to feel weak, he de-
sired to be laid down, and said, most em-
phatically—-" Now I can speak no more —
leave me to myself." These were his last
words. He was laid down, and never after-
ward was observed to move.

Thus was God glorified in the death of a
boy of thirteen or fourteen years of age.

The impression made on the minds of
the other boys remains until this day ; and
other servants of the Mission, who were
present, say that they shall never forget the
interesting but affecting scene. When the
particulars were mentioned to several Hea-
thens, they said that the power of the god
had come down into him.

VESUVASUM.

The Rev, Charles MauU, of Nagracoil, in
South Travancore, thus speaks in re-
ference to this aged Christian : —
Vesuvasum, whose name signifies

"Faith," was baptized, with his family, by

1825.]

II I STORY OF IIAYTI.

227

Mr. Ringdtaubc. His attendance on the
means of grace, ever since 1 have known
him, has been regular. In conversation he
said very little ; but that was generally to
the purpose, and showed that he thought
about the truths which he heard. Indeed,
he seemed to take great pleasure in the or-
dinances of religion, and was very atten-
tive under the preaching of the Word.
This I particularly noticed the Sabbath pre-
vious to his death, while I was explaining
the nature of a sinner's conversion to God ;
he was deeply intcirested in the r,;'Jiject ;
and appeared to hear as one would who was
sensible that there was but a step between
him and death ; which proved to be really
the case ; for, in the follov/ing week, he
■was seized by that painful disease the
Cholera Morbus, which in a few hours put
a period to his life.

At intervals he took the I^ew Testament
and read it. He prayed frequently, that
the Lord would give him true repentance
for 'all his sins and faith in Jesus Christ.
These seasons were often interrupted by
fits that attend this disease, which occasion-
ed delirium.

At one time, on recovering from one of
these tits, a Heathen Priest, accompanied
by some of his Heathen Friends, who were
sent for by the neighbours for the purpose
of curing his complaint and to induce him
to renounce the Gospel, came in. He be-
gan to persuade the poor man to forsake
the God whom he had been serving, and to
give offerings to the gods which he had so
long forsaken ; and to put the mark on his
forehead, as a pledge of his return to Hea-
thenism—telling him, by doing these things,
he would restore him to health. To which
he answered, " Are you come here to de-
stroy my soul ? To the God, who gave my
soul, I will comm;}; it. Moreover, you say,
if I worship your gods I shall not die. Is
this true ? Do not some of those persons
die by this disease who worship them ? And
is there not a period coming when you

yourselves will die ? And if you die in
your unconverted state, you will go to hell.
If I now die, it is with the lively expecta-
tion of dwelling in the presence of God my
Saviour for ever !" He then desired them
to leave his house.

After this, he said to his wife, children,
and friends who were present, " Be not de-
ceived with the words of this man. The
Lord, by taking me, will deliver me from
his snare. Oh give not heed to such lying
vanities, but repent of your sins, and be
lieve i:i the Gospel of Christ. You know
that I have been a great sinner ; and
that I have often prayed to the Lord for the
pardon of sin, and for peace of mind. Now
death is come near to me, I can cheerfully
resign my soul to the Lord for complete
salvation." He turned to his wife and chil-
dren, and said, *' I shall soon be separated
from you, and made one with the Lord.
Believe on Him wit'), your whole soul, and
He will be a father and a husband to you.
As you do not know the day nor hour of
your death, go to the Lord Jesus Christ
without delay ; and ask, in earnestness and
in truth, the pardon of all your sins." He
then turned to his nephew, who is the
schoolmaster of the place, and said, " I
shall die : I, therefore, entreat you to be
very kind to my wife and children. He
was now very much exhausted. Soon after
he was heard to say, " O Lord, receive me
into Thy kingdom!" — and so departed iu
peace.

I was forcibly struck with the contrast
between the last moments of this man and
(hose of a Heathen. Having felt the in-
fluence of the Gospel, he dies, not only in
peace, but with feelings of the tenderest
concern for his wife and children, whom he
leaves behind ; while a Heathen, after he
perceives that there is no hope of life, sinks
generally into a state of insensibility and
apathy towai-ds his nearest relatives, and
into a total indilference in reference to a
future state.

[Continued from p. 211.]

Bonaparte determines to reconquer St. Do-
mingo.

The autumn of the year 1801, beheld
every part of St. Domingo in quiet submis-
sion to the authority of the negro chief, and
rapidly improving in wealth and happiness
under his wise administration. But this
prosperity was soon to be interrupted by

calamities as tremetidously severe as a. >
which ever visited that afflicted island.

The cessation of hostilities between Great:
Britain and France, which took place on
the signing of the preliminaries of peace in
the month of October, left the French navy,
which for several years had not been able to
quit its ports with impunity, once more at
liberty to traverse the ocean. Bonaparte,
who now held the supreme power, under

328

HISTORY OF HAYTI

[Aue.

the title of First Consul, immediately de-
termined on sending an expedition across
the Atlantic.

Sailmg of the Expedition.
A fleet of twenty-six ships of war was
collected in the harbours of Brest, L'Orient,
and Rochfort. On board the fleet and the
transports Avhich accompanied it, was em-
barked an army of twenty-five thousand
men, the flower of the French soldiery, and
completely equipped. At the head o( the
army was placed General Le Clerc, brother-
in-law to the First Consul, assisted by se-
veral of the most able and experienced ge-
nerals that France could produce for such a
service. One of the divisions was com-
manded by General Rochambeau, who had
been a proprietor of an estate in the island,
and Avas well knov/n for his attach n»ent to
the cause of negro slavery. The fleet was
commanded by Admiral Villaret, who had
been in the royal service before the revolu-
tion ; and under him were Rear-admiral
Latouche and Captain Magon. To parti-
cipate in the expected triumphs, Madame
te Clerc accompanied her husband, as did
her younger brother Jerome Bonaparte.

The First Consul, however, not relying
entirely on force for the accomplishment of
his purpose, determined on every method
that could be devised, to secure the co-ope-
ration of Toussaint, or at least to prevent
his active hostility. Toussaint had sent
hb two elder sons to France to be edu-
cated. These youths were taken from
their studies, and sent on board the fleet,
as hostages for the conduct of their father.

The fleet sailed on the 14th of Decem-
ber, 1801, and arrived in the bay of Sa-
mana, on the eastern coast of St. Domingo,
on the 28th of the following month. Ge-
neral Le Clerc now despatched three divi-
sions of his force, which he wished to fall,
like so many sky-rockets, on three princi-
pal places of the island nearly at the same
time. General Kersevan was sent with
one division to the city of St. Domingo.
Rear-admiral Latouche was ordered to carry
another, under General Baudet, to Port-au-
Prince ; and Captain Magon to land the
troops, under General Rochambeau in Man-
cenillo Bay, near Fort Dauphin. Le Clerc
himself with the rest of his troops, pro-
ceeded to Cape Francois, and reached that
harbour on the 2d of February.

Capture of Fort Dauphin.
Before the other parts of the arma-
ment could get round to their points of at-
tack, on the 2d of February, General Ro-
chambeau with his division arrived at Fort
Dauphin, and the troops were instantly
landed. No summons was sent, to give
the poor colonists a chance of saving their

lives by submission. The troops were im-
mediately drawn up inj'battle array on the
beach. The negroes ran in crowds to be-
hold the strange sight, and without having
the least notice of what was designed
against them, they were charged with the
bayonet ; great numbers were killed, and
the rest fled, leaving the French masters of
the fort.

.N'oble conduct of Christophe.
On the next day, the main body of the
fleet and army, under Villaret and Le
Clerc, arrived off Cape Franqois, and imme-
diate preparations were made to land and
take possession of the town. But Chris-
tophe, the black general, who commanded
at this important post, on the approach of
the fleet, sent on board a mulatto, who ex-
ercised the office of post-captain, to inform
the commander of the expedition, that the
general-in-chief being absent in the inte-
rior country, no disembarkation of any
military force could be permitted to take
place, till the return of a messenger who
had been despatched to acquaint him with
the arrival of the French, and to receive
his commands ; — that if the French should
refuse to wait, and should attempt to force
a landing, all the white inhabitants would
be considered as hostages for their con-
duct, and that an attack upon the town
would be followed by its immediate con-
flagration. General Le Clerc, thinking it
necessary to accompany his demonstrations
of power with profession^ of kindness, re-
plied that he would write to General Chris-
tophe, and inform him of the friendly inten-
tions with which he came. He accordingly
wrote a letter, containing a mixture of con-
ciliation and menace, Avhich drew from
Christophe a very dignified reply ; a reply
not unv/orthy of a Roman general in the
best times of the republic :

** If you put in force your threats of hos-
tility," said Christophe, " I shall make the
resistance which becomes a general ofticer :
and should the chance of war be in your
favour, you shall not enter Cape Town till
it be reduced to ashes; nay, even in the
ruins I will renew the combat.

"The troops which you say are at this
moment landing, I consider as so many
pieces of cards which the slightest breath
of wind will dissipate.

" As to the loss of your esteem, General,
I assure you that I desire moi ro «'arn it at
the price you set upon it ; since to purchase
it I must be guilty of a breach of duty."

Proclamalion of Bonaparte.
The French officer returned with this
letter on the next day, the 4th of February.
A deputation from the terrified inhabitants,
headed by the mayor, went on board t;^he

1825.]

HISTORY OF HAYTI.

229

fleet, and entreated the general to take
their unfortunate circumstances into con-
sideration ; for that the blacks were deter-
mined on the first signai for disembarka-
tion to set fire to the city and to put all the
■white people to the sword. The general
received the deputation with great polite-
ness, but dismissed them without any pro-
mise of refraining from hostile measures :
he only directed them, on their return, to
read the proclamation of the First Consul
in the town, and to represent his kind in-
tentions towards all the inhabitants.

The proclamation was drawn up in the
same insidious style which characterized
many other productions of the revolutionary
cabinet ; being intended to delude the mass
of the negro population into a belief, that
the designs of the French government were
altogether friendly, and that no violence
would be employed, but in the event of a re-
jection of its offered fraternity.

" Inhabitants of St. Domlvgo.
*' Whatever your origin or your colour,
5'ou are all French: you are ail free, and
all equal, before God, and before the Re-
public.

"France, like St. Domingo, has been a
prey to factions, torn by civil commotions,
and by foreign wars. But all has changed ;
all nations have embraced the French, and
have sworn to them peace and amity : the
Frencb people, too, have embraced each
other, and have t vorn to be all friends and
brothers. Come also, embrace the French,
and rejoice to see again your friends and
brothers of Europe.

" The government sends you Captain-
General Le Clerc : he brings with him nu-
merous forces for protecting you against
your enemies, and against the enemies of
the Republic. If it be said to you, these
forces are destined to ravish from you your
liberty ; answer, The Republic v.ill not
suffer it to be taken fi-om us.

" Rally round the Captain-General ; he
brings you peace and plenty. Rally all of
you around him. Whoever shall dare to
separate himself from the Captain General,
will be a traitor to his country, and the in-
dignation of the Republic will devour him,
as the fire devours your dried canes.
Done at Paris, &.c.
(Signed)

*' The First Consul, bonaparte.
" The Secretary of State, H. B. Maret."

Cape Fravgois burnt and evacuated.
Le Clerc was not disposed to wait for the
arrival of despatches from Toussaint, much
less for his return in person ; but was
rather willing to profit by the absence of a
chief of his acknowledged talents. He
therefore only waited to be informed that
Hocbambeau had effected a landing at Fort

Dauphin, and was ready to co-operate.
This intelligence he received on the 5th day
of the month, and immediately prepared to
commence his operations on the day fol-
lowing.

To avoid the loss likely to be sustained
by disembarking under the guns of the for-
tifications, and ill hope of gaining the
heights of the Cape before the negroes
could put their threats of fire and sword
into execution, Le Clerc landed his troops
at Du Limbe, a point of land a few miles
to the westward. Villaret, early in the
morning, taking advantage of a favourable
breeze, proceeded towards the town, and
the rest of the squadron followed*- But no
sooner were the movements announced to
the negro commandant, than knowing the
town not lO be defensible, especially with
the disaffection \^hich he ^^c\l understood
to be generally prevalent among the-white
inhabitants, he immediately gave orders
for setting fire to it in various places. In
the evening, when Le Clerc came within
sight of it, he beheld it in flames. The
whole squadron anchored at the Mole in
safety ; the crews were immediately dis-
embarked, and, together with a body of
twelve hundred troops under General Hum-
bert, who had landed and made a diversion
in favour of Le Clerc, exerted themselves
with great diligence in endeavouring to ex-
tinguish the flames : but a few houses in
the lower parts of the town were all they
could save from the general destruction.

ToussainVs Intervieio with his Sons,

All the divisions of the French force
having made good their landing, Le Clerc
thought it was the proper time, before any
attempt to penetrate into the interior, to
make trial of the scheme intended to be
practised upon the feelings of Toussaint.
Bonaparte's letter to him was now de-
livered, and an interview was to be effected
between him and his two sons, whom the
caresses of the First Consul, and ti^ en-
joyment of every indulgence, had impressed
with a belief that it was the interest ol their
father to comply with the proposal to be
made to him by Le Clerc.

From the smoking ruiiis of Cape Fran-
cois, an emissary was accordingly despatch-
ed to Li 'ury, Toussaint's country resi-
dence, about ten leagues from the Cape.
The man commissioned to deliver Bona-
parte's letter, and to intro^-uce the two
youths to their father, was Coisnon, their
tutor ; who had accompanied them from
France, and was one of the chief and con-
fidential agents in this expedition. His
orders were to let his pupils see and em-
brace their parents, but not to suffer them
to remain unless their father would pro-
mise entire acquiescence in the wishes of

230

HISTORY OF HAYTI.

[Aug.

the First Consul. If Toussaint should ac-
cept the offers made to him, he was to be
required immediately to repair to the Cape,
to receive the commands of Lc Clerc, and
to become his lieutenant-geiicral : but if
he should refuse, his sons were to !)e torn
from his arms, and brought back again as
hostages, Toussaint having pledged him-
self in this case for the safe return both of
the envoy and of his pupils.

When Coisnonand the two youths reach-
ed Ennery, Toussaint was absent, having
been called on urgent public business to a
distant part of the island. His faith-
ful wife received her two sons, .^j an af-
fectionate and tender mother .night be
expected to v;c!come children, vho ^rA
been s'^parated from her for s :: cn or eight
years; and imp''o> :d bodi in stature and
accompi; iKiienis, were now returned in all
the vigour and loveliness of youth. A
courier was imniedia<^ely despatched to in-
form Toussaint of the arrival of his children,
and he soon arrived at Ennery. The two
sons ran to meet their father, and he, with
emotions too big for utterance, clasped
them silently in his arms. Few, it is to be
hoped, are the partakers of our common na-
ture, who on witnessing the embraces and
tears of parental and filial sensibility could
have proceeded, at least without powerful
relentings of heart, to execute the com-
mission with which Coisnon was charged.
But this cold-blooded emissary of France
beheld the scene with a barbarous apathy,
.worthy of the cause in which he was em-
ployed. When the first burst of paternal
feeling was over, Toussaint stretched out
his arms to him ivhom he regarded with
complacency as the tutor of his children,
and their conductor to the roof and em-
braces of their parents. This was the mo-
ment which Coisnon thought most favoura-
ble to the perpetration of his treacherous
design. " The father and the two sons,"
says he, " threw themselves into each
others' arms. I saw them shed tears, and
wishing to take advantage of a period which
I conceived to be favourable, I stopped him
at the moment when he stretched out his
arms to me."

Retiring from the embrace of Toussaint,
Coisnon assailed him in a set speech, per-
suading him to accede to the overtures of
the Consul ; describing in glowing colours
the advantages to be gained by joining the
French standard, and denouncing the most
im.placable hostility and dreadful vengeance
as the inevitable consequence of a refusal ;
expatiating on the hopelessness of any ef-
forts to resist armies which had conquered
the legions of combined Europe ; and
which nov.' i^ad no enemy to contend with
but the rebels of St. Domingo ; declaring
that no designs were entertained of in-

fringing on the liberty of the blacks ; and
desiring him to reflect on the situation of
his children, who, unless he would submit,
were immediately to be carried back to
the Cape, never more perhaps to gladden
the hearts ol their parents. The orator
concluded by putting into Toussaint's hands
a letter (rom General Le Clerc, and aaother
from the Fust Consul.

Isaac, the eldest son, next addressed his
father, representing the great kindness with
which his brother and himself bad been
treated by Bonaparte, and the high esteem
a.;J regard which the consul proff ssed for
Toussaint and hi- \iiiiil) iiiu younger
son added something that he had been
taught to the same effect ; and both, with
artless eloquence of their own, endeavour-
ed to win their father to a purpose, of the
true nature and probable consequences of
which they had no suspicion. To their per-
suasions were added the tears and entrea-
ties of their distressed mother. Toussaint
appeared to hesitate amidst these tender so-
licitations. His features seemed to indicate
an inward conflict of passion and principle.
Coisnon observed these appearances with
savage pleasure, and began to anticipate a
victory. With more zeal than caution, he
now suggested the necessity of Toussaint's
immediately hastening to the Cape to join
General Le Clerc. Confirmed in his suspi-
cions of the snare that was laid for him,
Toussaint suddenly composed his agitated
countenance, gently disengaged himself
from the embraces of his wife and children,
took their tutor into another apartment,
and gave him his dignified decision : —
" Take back my children, since it must be
so. I will be faithful to my brethren and
my God." Finding all his eloquence una-
vailing, Coisnon endeavoured to draw Tous-
saint into a negotiation with General Le
Clerc ; and Toussaint, ready to treat upon
any terms by which the direful fate intend-
ed for his brethren might be avoided with-
out the horrors of war, promised to send
an answer to the French general's letter.
He would not, however, prolong the pain-
ful domestic scene by staying to write it at
Ennery, nor would he risk another sight of
his children, but within tu o hours from the
time of his arrival, he mounted his horse
again, and rode to the camp. On the next
day he returned a formal answer to Le
Olerc's letter, and sent it by the tutor of
his younger sons, a Frenchman by the name
of Granville, who overtook Coisnon and
his pupils on their way to the Caf;e. Tous-
saint's answer produced a reply from Le
Clerc ; and a further correspondence took
place between these two generals, which
occupied several days ; a truce being agreed
upon for that purpose, which Le Clerc ex-
pected would terminatv in a peace*

1825.]

HISTORY OP ilAYTI.

231

Totissaint and Christophe outlaiced.

The truce having expired %vithout any
prospect of Toussaint's submission being
obtained by negotiation, Le Clerc became
impatient of delay ; and upon the arrival
of Admiral Gantheaume with two thousand
three hundred troops, and in the expectation
of Admiral Linois with a further reinforce-
ment, he determined on an instant renewal
of hostilities with all possible vigour.

On the 17th of February be issued a
proclamation, in which he declared " Ge-
neral Touasaint and General Christophe" to
be " put out of the protection of the law
and ordered " all citizens to pursue them,
and to treat them as the enemies of the
French republic." The proclamation was
followed by a renewal of the war in all
parts of the island ; and the adoption of
every artifice that French ingenuity could
devise, to procure defection among the
black troops, and among the inhabitants in
general.

Toussaint in ^idversily.
So powerfully did the hostilities carried
on in various quarters at once, by the
French and their sable confederates, assist
the insidious offers and promises of Le
Clerc, that most of the negro troops who
still adhered to Toussaint began to be weary
of the contest, and every day, almost,
some leading man among .hem went over to
the enemy. So many of the regular troops
had been induced to join the French, or at
least to lay down their arms, and so great
a proportion of the rest had been killed in
action, that by the end of the month of Fe-
bruary in which the war began, the black
generals were chiefly supportci^ by such of
the cultivators as tl:^ personal influence of
Toussaint could prest^rve from French de-
lusion and engage to fight in the cause of
their own freedom. These cultivators too
began to desert the standard of their chief,
when he was obliged to retire into the in-
terior of the island ; where, with only a
few hundred followers, he rapidly removed
from one fastness to another, contending
with innumerable difficulties, and enduring
a variety of hardships.

Yet even in this depressed state of his
affairs, the constancy of Toussaint did not
forsake Lim. Though unable to meet his
enemies in the field, he was still uncon-
quered. While the itivaders were harass-
ing themselves by forced marches, and con-
tending fo".- positions untenable or u.«eless,
he and his followers changed their situation
at pleasure, never being overtaken in a re-
treat, or surprised on a ma'-ch, but fre-
quently falling on their enemies when no
apprehension %vas entertained of their
approach, and filling them with consterna-
tion and dismay.

Brave Conduct of Dessalines.

In the beginning of March, Le Clerc ar-
rived at Port-au-Prince, which having been
easily taken by General Roudet, was found
uninjured ; and fixing his head-quarters
there, he proceeded to prosecute the war
with fresh vigour.

The first object to which the attention of
the captain-general was directed in the vi-
cinity of hio new station, was Crete-a-
Pierrot, a post between Port-Lu-Prince and
St. Marc, and eight leagues from the latter
place. The fortress, which had been regu-
larly built by the English during their pos-
session of this part of the island had since
been occupied by the blacks, who had made
it one of their depots.

Almost the whole of the French army
wasemployed in carrying on thesiegeof this
place, and in occupying positions in the
ntigubourhood with a view to prevent the
retreat of the garrison, which was under
the command of Dessalines, one of the
most courageous, enterprising, and skilful
of all the negro generals. The siege was
commenced and carried on w ith all possi-
ble vigour ; and the defence was conducted
in a manner that would not have disgraced
the first general in Europe. After having
removed almoat every thing that was valua-
ble, and defeated all the efforts of the as-
sailants till his ammunition and provisions
A»ure nearly consumed, Dessalines with a
division of the troops, sallied forth in the
night and departed. Three nights after,
the remainder of the garrison made a simi-
lar attempt, in which only part of them
succeeded, and the rcst were surrounded by
the besiegers and immediately put to the
sword.

Le Clerc o -ders the Restorniion of Slavery.
Intoxicated with the success he had gain-
ed, and fondly conoluding that he had no-
thing more to fear fro i the black troops,
Le Clerc imagined that the sooner he put
the plantation negroes again under the dri-
vers and the whips, the better he should
secure his conquest, and the more honour
he shoulu obtaiii ; for this Avas the real de-
sign, and every where but in St. Domingo,
had, from the beginning, been th'.. acknow-
ledged object of all hi^ bloody labour.
About tLe middle of the mon'.n of March,
he accordingly published an order, express-
ly restoring to the proprietors or thtir at-
torneys all their ancient ^athoritj over the
negroes upon their estates.

This act of consummate baseness, al-
most equally surprised the planters and the
negroes. The plantcs thought it so pre-
mature and imprudent, that n-.any c f them
were unwilling to return to their estates,
and thought it at present altogether im-
practicable to carry the general's order into

232

HISTORY OP HAYTI.

execution. The poor cultivators now found
their mistake in listening to the French
general, who, within six weeks before, had
pledged his own word, and that of the first
consul and the French republic, for the
maintenance of their liberty.

The negro troops, also, who had united
with the invaders, could not but be equally
alarmed at this nefarious proceeding, for
they had joined the French standard in a
reliance on the most positive assurances of
freedom, not only to themselves, but to all
their brethren ; and the proclamation for
re-eifslaving their brethren taught them to
expect the same fate whenever it should
appear to their perfidious friends, to be a
convenient time for its infliction.

Tmissaint renews the rear loilh vigour and
success.

In this imprudent wickedness of his ene-
mies, the indefatigable Toussaint saw the
means of retrieving his affairs ; and the de-
fenceless state in which the northern pro-
vince had been left by the concentration of
the French force in the neighbourhood of
Crete-a-Picrrot, invited his first attention
to that quarter. Early in Aprii, he effect-
ed a junction with Christophe, who had
still preserved about three hundred sol-
diers : and, instead of continuing his flight
among the mountains, hastened towards
the north coast of the inland, where the
cultivators were very numerous. Reach-
ing Plaisancc by an unexpected route, he
defeated the troops under the command of
Desforneaux, and passed on without inter-
ruption through Dondon and Marmelade.
Wherever he came he summoned the culti-
vators to arms, and they were no longer
deaf to his call, but flocked to his standard
in multitudes. They were badly armed, or
rather, for the most part, not armed at all,
except with hoes, and a kind of cutlass
which is used in the West-Indies for trim-
ming the green fences. But their num-
bers and zea! enabled their leader to sur-
mount the greatest difficulties. He poured
his troops like a torrent, over the whole
plain of the north, every where seizing the
French posts, and driving their divisions
before him till they found refuge within the
fortifications of Cape Francois.

Toussaint had no battering artillery ;
yet he surrounded the tov/n, and would
certainly have taken it, if the French fleet
Lad not been lying in the harbour, and if
General Hardy, with a grand division of
the array of the south, had not advanced
by forced marches, and thrown himself into
the town.

This great alteration in the state of the
campaign, had all been effected within a
Ibrtnight. At the end of March, the
French were at the summit of their success-
es and confidence ; and before the middle
of April they were reduced to such extre-

mities, that Le-CIerc, besieged at the Cape,
and scarcely able to maintain his position
there, had serious thoughts of evacuating
the place, and retreating by sea to the
Spanish part of the island.

Le Clerc deceives the blacks with a new p'o-
clamation.

Le Clerc now felt, and deeply regretted
his error. He had prematurely dropped
the mask of friendship to negro freedom,
and perceived that unless some new means
of delusion could be devised, there was no
hope of accomplishing the object of the
expedition. Yet with all the simplicity of
the cultivators, and all their aversion to
the privations and miseries of war, it
seemed exceedingly difficult to delude them
again. It was judged, however, not to be
impossible, that artful professions of a
change of measures, and ncvv declarations
in favour of liberty, might gain credit with
the blacks, and again divide the multitude
from their leaders. He therefore framed
and issued a proclamation, in which, after
apologizing for his past conduct, he propos-
ed to give the colony a constitution, having
liberty and equality for its basis, and pro-
vided for the convocation of an assembly of
representatives from all parts of the island.
Such restrictive clauses were introduced,
however, as rendered the whole a nullity.

Its success — peace restored.

This proclamation was dated the 25th of
April, and was instantly sent into the black
camp, and quickly dispersed over every
part of the island. It produced all the im-
mediate effect that its author could have
wished. The negroes in general were wea-
ry of the war. Their exclusion from the
chief ports, and the reluctance of foreign-
ers to trade with them under existing cir-
cumstances, deprived them of the comforts
and necessaries with which commerce used
to supply them. The cultivators felt them-
selves much aggrieved by the exposure to
hardships and dangers, and the separation
from their families, caused by a state of
warfare. They saw no prospect of a
speedy deliverance from these evils but by
a peace. The frequent arrival of reinforce-
ments from France, precluded all hope of
being able to terminate the war by expel-
ling the invaders from the fortified towns
on the coast. The only object they thought
worth suffering and fighting for was their
liberty, and this they fondly flattered them-
selves was now secured.

These sentiments and feelings caused
considerable defection in the negro army,
and disposed some of the chiefs to enter-
tain proposals for a negotiation, which
soon commenced. Christophe demanded,
as the conditions of bis compromise, a ge- ^
neral amnesty for his troops, the preserva- f

1825.]

HISTORY OF HAYTI.

233

tion of his own rank, and that of all the other
officers ; and the extension of the same terms
to his colleague Dessalines, and to Tous-
saint, the general-in-chief. To these terms
the haughty Le Clerc found it difficult to sub-
mit ; but his impatience to obtain the praise
of restoring the colony to the mother coun-
try, overcame his reluctance ; and the ar-
rangement with Christophe was completed.
The accession of Christophe was followed
by thatof Paul Louverture, the brother of
Toussaint, with two thousand negrofes un-
der his command.

Negotiations were next entered into with
Toussaint and Dessalines, who, there is
reason to believe, gave no credit to the
French General for the sincerity of his pre-
sent professions, but thought themselves
obliged, by the circumstances in which
they were now placed, to conclude a peace
of experiment, with a sincere intention of
fulfilling both its letter and its spirit, tiil it
should be violated on the part oi the
French. They wished for no other terms
than those which had been granted to
Christophe, with a dignified retirement
from all the cares of public life. To these
wishes, after a few days' hesitation, Le
Clerc acceded, and by the end of the first
week in May, a peace was concluded with
Toussaint, and all the generals and troops
under his command, and the sovereignty of
France over the Island of St. Domingo,
was acknowledged by all its inhabitants.

Toussaint seized by Le ClerCj and sent to
France,

Toussaint retired to a small plantation,
called by his own name, Louverture, and
situated at Gonaives, on the southwest
coast^of the island, at a little distance from
the town of St. Marc. There, in the bosom
of his remaining family, (for his two sons,
who had been under the care of Coisnon,
were never heard of after their returi\ to
Cape Franfjois with their perfidious tutor,)
he entered upon the enjoyment of that re-
pose of which he had long been deprived.
But the French general no sooner perceived
the negro chief in his power, and the tran-
quillity of the colony apparently re-esta-
blished, than he meditated one of the basest
acts of treachery that ever disgraced any
government in any age.

About the middle of May, in the dead of
night, the Creole frigate, supported by
the Hero, a seventy-four gun ship, both
despatched on purpose from Cape Francois,
stood in towards the Calm Beach, near
Gonaives. Several boats with troops im-
mediately landed, and surrounded the house

Vol. VI. 30

of Toussaint, where he was at rest with
the faithful companion of all his cares and
dangers, and his family lay wrapped in
sleep, all unconscious of their approaching
fate. Brunet, a brigadier-oeneral, and Fer-
rari, aid-de-camp to Le Clerc, entered the
chamber of the hero, with a file of gre-
nadiers, and demanded his instant surren-
der, requiring him to go, with all his family,
on board the frigate. The lion was in the
toils, and resistance was useless. Tous-
saint expressed immediate submission to his
own fate, but requested that his feeble wife
and harmless children might be sufiered to
remain at home. This condition, however,
was not to be granted. An irresistible mi-
litary force appeared, and before the neigh-
bourhood was generally alarmed, the whole
family, including the daughter of a deceas-
ed brother, were on board the frigate and
under sail. Thence they were removed to
the Hero, %vhich proceeded with them im-
mediately to France.

On the voyage from St. Domingo to
France, Toussaint was refused ali inter-
course with his family ; he was confined
constantly to his cabin, and the door was
guarded by soldiers with fixed bayonets.
On the arrival of the ship at Brest, no time
was lost in hurrying him on shore. On
the deck only was he permitted to have an
interview with his wife and children^ whom
he was to meet no more in this life. The
agonizing separation of this faithful pair
and their beloved offspring, excited in all
who witnessed it, compassion for their fate.
He was conveyed in a close carriage, and
under a strong escort of cavalry, to the cas-
tle of Joux in Normandy, where he was
committed to the strictest confinement,
with a single negro attendant, who during
his continuance there, which was but for
a short time, was as closely confined as his
master.

Toussaint's wife and family were detain-
ed at Brest for two months, and then were
removed to Bayonne. From this time they
disappeared from the land of the living,
but by what means is unknown. From
the castle of Joux, Toussaint, at the ap-
proach of winter, was removed to Besan-
con, and there immured in a cold, damp,
and gloomy dungeon, like one of the worst
of criminals. This dungeon may be re-
garded as his sepulchre. His death wa.s
announced in the French papers of the 27th
of April, 1S03. Thus ended the career of
this truly great man, whose sufferings and
death left an indelible infamy on the go-
vernment under whose merciless ojispres-
sion he perished.

234

ANXIVKRSARIES OF SOCIETIES.

[Aug.

LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

The Annual Meeting of the Society was
held in Great Queen Street Chapel, in
London, on Thursday, the 12th of May.
William Alers Han key, Esq. Trea-
surer, having taken the Chair, the Report of
the Societ3?'6 proceedings for the past year
•vvas read. The Treasurer then read the
pecuniary account of the Society, and af-
ivard spoke to the following effect :

My respected friends, — I am perfectly
sure that this summary of your financial
aliairs must give you sincere satisfaction,
inasmuch as it sets before you a very encou-
raging'progress in the state of your affairs:
and it gives me great satisfaction to find,
on reference to the reports of other Socie-
ties of a kindred nature, that the year now
past may be said to have been in ibis res-
pect a prosperous year. Some, indeed all,
have received augmentation. We rejoice
on behalf of those which have prospered
even in a greater degree than ourselves.
The Church Missionary Society stands at
the head in such prosperity ; it has receiv-
ed an increase of 5000/. to its ordinary
funds, besides a very considerable sum for
other collateral purposes. Our Wesleyan
friends have received an augmentation
to their ordinary resources amounting
to 2500/. beside which they have in the
course of the past year, received a mag-
nificent legacy of 10,000/. which they
have not brought into the account, and
consequently, had they added that, it would
have carried them far beyond us all. We,
ourselves, as you will have perceived, have
also reason greatly to rejoice ; we have had
in the ordinary sources of income an in-
crease of 2200/. besides which we have re-
ceived 4000/. for special objects, so that our
increase during the past year may be said
to be considerably greater.

All this is truly encouraging, because it
is an indication that the missionary spirit
is not on the wane ; and I am quite sure
you will agree with me in feeling that in the
increase af that spirit we ourselves shall
find our truest and most lasting pros-
perity ; and 1 trust that spirit will diffuse
itself more and more wide' v ' y means of
those deputations which ar : ,-;t forth by the
several Societies to plead t;; cause of mis-
sions throughout the country. AndTtrust,
that when the deputation of one Society
succeeds another, it will not have to be said
to them, " You are cume too late, for such
a one has preceded you, and left notliing be-
liiiid but tlrat it willrather be addressed

thus : " You have come in good time — the
deputation of such a Society has just pre-
ceded you, and they have prepared the way
for you, by leaving behind them such a spi-
rit of missionary zeal, that really you are
come in good time to reap its fruits." But
in this view of the question, compai'ing our
united resources to the extent of the world
th^ still remains to be christianized, we
shall all find reason to say, as the disciple's
did, when Christ ordered them to divide the
loaves and small fishes among the multitude
that surrounded him — " What are these
among so many ?" 1 trust that the past pros-
perity, instead of causing indifTerence, will
excite to increased diligence ; for the Lord
will not act now as he did then. He will not
give a miraculous effect to means in them-
selves disproportioned to the desired ends :
but he will impart to his churches a spirit
of devotedness and liberality in the applica-
tion of the means with which he has en-
dowed them, corresponding with the mag-
nitude of the work he has committed to
their charge.

The Rev. Davib Bogue, D. D. after mov-
ing that the Report be approved and pub-
lished, observed, that, although it was the
31st General Mteting of the Society, yet,
through Divine goodness, three of the four
Ministers who preached at its first meeting
were present. Some had then considered
the Society as the product of enthusiasm,
and expected it would soon expire. It was
natural for its friends to anticipate what
might be the effects of its operations at the
the end of 30 years, but he believed no
one ever conjectured that within that peri-
od, so much would have been accomplished.
When the Society arose, few, compara-
tifely, were engaged in this great cause,
but now almost the whole Protestant %vorld
are actively engaged in it. The peculiar
constitution of the Society, by uniting all
evangelical denominations, excited the pub-
lic attention. This was by some regarded
as a speculation, but the experiment, by the
Divine blessing, has admirably succeeded.
The Society has combined Episcopalians,
Presbyterians, Lutherans, and many other
denominations ; but there has been no
seceding division. Thus an important fact
has been established, that Christians, who
differ as to forms of Church government,
may continue to act together in sending
the pure gospel of Christ to the heathen. It
is comparatively of small moment, that ex-
ternal forms and modes of worship should
be the same in each congregation ; if Jesus
Christ be at the head, that is enough. Let

1825.1

LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

there then be communion among Minis-
ters preaching for each other, and commu-
nion of Christians at the Lord's table.

Dr. B. then adverted to the delightful
spectacle presented by so many other soci-
eties, both in this and other countries, all
engaged in prosecuting the same work ; and
compared them, collectively, to a great ar-
my of the Lord Jesus Christ ; and added,
that the British and Foreign Bible Society
might be considered as the artillery depart-
ment ; as it furnishes, in such abundance,
the Scri[itures — the implements with which
the, battles of the Lord are to be fought.
He also alluded to the efficiency of the Re-
ligious Tract Society, as being a highly im-
portant auxiliary in this spiritual warfare.

Adverting to the state of the Society's
annual income, he observed, that a friend
thought an early prediction of his, that it
would reach 2O,00CL most extravagant, but
through the goodness of God, that sum was
now doubled ; and he trusted that it would
shortly reach 50,000/. and not stop even
there.

Having expatiated upon several other to-
pics, he in conclusion adverted to one which
he considered as affording a powerful mo-
tive to supplication and prayer, viz. the
comparatively small success v/hich has hi-
therto resulted from the operations of the
several Missionary Societies in the East-
Indies. In the South Seas, the Almighty
seems to say, " Behold what my arm can
do with regard to the most unlikely of the
human race, in converting beasts into
rational beings, and even into saints ;" but
with regard to India, where civilization is far
advanced, and the people more intelligent,
he seems to say, *' Behold how little can ye
effect, unless the arm of my power be
stretched out, and the efficacy of my grace
accompany the labours of missionaries."
Let us then ask ourselves, ** Has there been
that wrestling with God in prayer for the
outpouring of the Spirit, that ought to mark
all the disciples of J -'is Christ? Or are
we guilty ?" TheDocio. then urged every
minister ?.nd every private Christian, to
examine himself on this point, and exhort-
ed all to abound more and more in this
good work, of praying for the outpouring,
of the Spirit, particularly on India ; observ-
ing that we have the greatest encouragement
to expect that our prayers will at length be
turned into praise, and that in due time
" the kingdoms of this world will become
the kingdoms of our Lord and of his
Christ and that he will reign for ever and
ever.

The Rev. James Bennett, Theological
Tutor of Rotherham Academy, moved the
/second Resolution ; viz.

" That this meeting most cordially ap-
proves the measures adopted by the Direct-
ors during the past year, for promoting the
study of the Chinese language, and other
Oriental Literature, and for imparting to
the Missionaries of the Society, previously
to their quitting England, an acquaintance
v. ith the languages spoken in the countries
to which they have* rec-pec lively been ap-^
pointed."

In the conclusion of his speech Mr. B.
observed : But the question may arise, whe-
ther the plan may not be very expensive —
expensive ! After what you. Sir, have said
to-day, and after what we have known of
the Society, I should blush if I knew the
man who would require me to give an answer
to th'is question. We knew the time when
the entire aggi-egate expenditure of this So-
ciety, was little more than its annual in-
come is now. How then ought wo to feel,
were it necessary to import numerous Mis-
sionaries from the East, from the West,
from the South, and from the North ?
Why, we ought to be ready to do it ; for I
own, Sir, though I am not very sanguine as
to the expectations of long life, and hardly
know whether I ought to say, — I hope to
live to a certain time, (for there is some-
thing beyond death, worth dying for ;) but
while I am not very sanguine in such ex-
pectations, yet I do. Sir, say, that I should
not be at all surprised, were I to live to see
the day, when all the past engagements of
this Society will be looked upon as mean
and paltry ! and I anticiiiate the period
when no man, that b(Avs hi knee before the
Father of mercies, will rise from his bed, or
retire from his secret closet, without com-
mending all Missionaries, who are gone
to the perishing heaUu n, to the protection
of the living God. Having done so, the
poor man will probably take out his penny,
and lay it, as he rises frof)i his knees, in a
Missionary Box, and say, tliere is my con-
tribution, and at the eml of the year, his
?»0 shillings will form his contri'outiort to the
cause ; while another, in bt*.t'-T cir' ninstan-
ce«, will e^ery mor!;ing take his shil-
ling, and lay it in his Missionary liox, and
thus at the end of the year, 20/. will be
presented from those who now think they
do well if they give a guinea. While rich-
er men will every morning take out their
guinea, and lay it in the same treasuiy, and
their 365 guineas will be as common a sort
of a Missionary gift, as one guinea is now
in our days. Nor do I regard such antici-
pations as at all extravagant, for really
Avhere a man has his thousands a year com-
ing in, I do think 3G5/. a year from him for
the conversion of 600 millions of the hea-
then, is but a moderate sum. Whatever
objection therefore may be made upon the

2S6

ANNIVERSARIES OF SOCIETIES.

[Aug.

score of expense, I confidently put this mo-
tion to this assembly.

Kev. Thomas Mortimer, A. M. Lectur-
er of St. Olave's, Southwark, and After-
noon Lecturer of Saint Leonard's, Shore-
ditch, in seconding Mr. Bennett's motion,
observed —

I feel it my duly, my bounden duty, to
p;ive my reasons for appearing in this place,
and I must throw myself on the charity of
those who surround me, when I say I never
made a speech in a dissenting congreg^ition
in my life before- I will candidly confess
my feelings upon this subject, la the first
place, Sir, I recollected that this Society
was formed before that Society with which
1 myself love to stand connected, and in
which I delight to labour. I mean, Sir, that
the London Missionary Society was formed
before the Church Missionary Society ; and
though I candidly confers myself to be a
strong supporter of the latter, and I hope to
do all I can to extend its influence, yet I
did feel that a Society formed before the
Church Missionary Society, certainly de-
served m.y kind feelings and regard. I felt
it my duty, my bounden duty, no longer
to stand in the trammels of party feeling,
but to put my hand over all such trivial
things to the great work. But, Sir, allow
me to state, that notwithstanding this
is the first time I have appeared here,
I have long watched the operations of your
Society, and when, from time to time, I
have heard of the success with which God
has blessed its labours in various parts of
the world, and especially in the South Sea
Islands, 1 have rejoiced in your joy, and
blessed God for your success ; and allow me
to state that this is the feeling of many of
iny clerical brethren ; yea., there are thou-
sands of Clergvmen belonging to the Church
of England, who bless God for your success.
I think it but right to stale this. Sir ; and
1 cannot but sincerely hope for the time,
^vhen one after another vv-ill put his hand
over the wall and sa)% How do you do ?
But allow me, Sir, to say also, that in re-
joicing in your joy, we have also lamented
in your sorrows. I am certain that many
whom you know not, take a lively interest
in your concerns, and have often wept over
the grave of your sacrificed Missionary.
Sir, 1 speak not with any political feeling ;
I reflect on no one : but this I do say, when
one part of the Church weeps, it should
all weep ; when one part of the Church is
in sorrow and in grief, let all be seen in
mourning ; and 1 cannot help thinking that
the time will come when, if one of the Mem-
bers of the universal Church shall rejoice,
all will rejoice ; and if one member suffers,
that all will suff*er. But, Sir, may I be allow-
ed to state a stronger reason still for coming;

here than any I have yet noticed. I counted
the cost. I considered what might be the
effect of my doing so. I knew that many
of my old friends might and would disap-
prove ofit ; and, Sir, I declare before this as-
sembly, that 1 would have kept away if my
conscience would have permitted me ; but
that passage in our Saviour's prayer for his
Church, has been deeply impressed on my
mind. — " That they may all be one ; as thmi,
Father, art in me, and I i?i thee : that they
also may be one in us :" — And why, Sir,
Why ? — thai the world may believe that thou
hast smt me. Sir, when I meditated on
this passage, I felt this, that it was my duty
to do what I could to show brotherly love
to all who love my Saviour, without any
compromise whatever. And I am sure you
will allow me to say, without any compro-
mise, with all respect to our Government,
with every feeUng of affection to my own
Church, and every wish and inclination to
obey those who are set over me, that I am
determined to obey my Saviour above all,
and, therefore, upon this passage I take my
stand. My conviction is, that we shall
never make a complete or decisive blow
upon the kingdom of Satan, until all Chris-
tians are united in one band. And I do be-
lieve that one of the great causes of the
comparatively small success which has
attended our efforts is, our having been so
much disunited ; I mean our Missionary
Societies. Besides, we are now living in a
day when Anti-Christ is raising her head,
and therefore I consider them not as times
when we should be separated, but, on the
contrary, when we should come forward
unitedly in defence of the truth, and in one
grand attack against error, idolatry, and'
superstition.

With regard to the motion. Ladies and
Gentlemen, give me leave to say that I
deem it a highly important one. Other So.
cieties are adopting a similar plan ; they
are endeavouring to teach their Mission-
aries the languages in which they are to
preach to the heathen the wonderful works
of God. And let it be considered that a
Missionary, when he arrives at the place of
his destination, meets with many great dis-
couragements ; he feels that he has left
those who are most near and dear to him,
far behind him ; and, perhaps, soon af-
ter his arrival, part of his own family
falls a victim to the climate, and leaves
him without a companion. In such pain-
ful circumstances, and under a vertical sun,
a man so situated needs support both in
mind and body, and can, generally speak-
ing, have but little strength for acquiring a
strange and diflficult language. Therefore,
Sir, I rejoice to find that you have proposed,
for adoption, such a motion as this. You
are aiming at a great end—the instruction of

1825.]

LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETV.

237

missionary candidates in the oriental lan-
guages ; and I trust that all Missionary So-
cieties will see the great importance of it.
I bless God and rejoice when I see what
these several Societies, by his blessing, have
effected •, and it seems as though he would
so honour his Church, that no one part of it
should glory against another part of it. If
we look at the Church Missionary Society,
we see how greatly they have been blessed
in Western Africa ; if we look at the Bap-
tist Society, we see how greatly they have
been blessed in teaching at Serampore ; if
we look at the Wesleyan Missionary Soci-
ety, we see how greatly they have been
blessed in the West- Indies ; and if we look
at this Society, we see how it has been
blessed in the South Sea Islands. I am
sure we must all rejoice in what you
have been doing.

Mr. M. made many other highly inte-
resting remarks suggested by the occasion,
and before he sat down, the following in-
genuous confession ; Sir, I was twice writ-
ten to, some few years ago, to preach the
Church Sermon, as it is called, for your So-
ciety ; the first year I got over it very well :
for having to preach for the Moravians
— I said 1 had to preach for the Moravians
on that day, and therefore I could not com-
ply with the request. The next time I was
applied to, I had not to preach fcfr the
Moravians, and therefore I could not make
that an excuse, still I refused to comply ;
and I now declare that 1 have never repent-
ed of it but once, and that has been ever
since, and I have determined never again to
encourage this party feeling.

Mr. Mortimer concluded by repeating,
with much devotional feeling, the following
appropriate verses :

Thou, whose eternal word,
Chaos and darkness heard,

And took their flight ;
Hear us we humbly pray,
And where thy Gospel's day
Sheds not its glorious ray
Let there be light !

Thou who didst come to bring,
On thy redeeming wing,

Healing and sight ;
Health to the sick in uiind,
Sight to the inly blind,
Ofi ! now, to all mankind

Let there be light !

Spirit of truth and love,
Life-giving Holy Dove,

Speed forth thy flight ;
Moving on oceans s|)ace,
Bearing the lamp of grace.
And in eartli's darkest place

Let there be light !

Blessed, and Holy,
And glorious Trinity,

Wisdom, love, might,
Boundless as ocean's tide
Rolling in fullest pride,
O'er the earth, far and wide,

Let there be lijht :

Ucv. Richard Pope, of Trinity College,
Dublin, moved the thanks of the meeting
to all individuals, Auxiliary Institutions,
Ministers and Congregations, that have
contributed to the funds of the Society.

In the course of his remarks Mr. P. ob-
served, it appears to me. Sir, that all Mis-
sionary Societies should be regarded but as
the column of one grand Missionary Ar-
my. In the distance we should lose sight
of their respective facings, yet, at the same
time catch a glimpse of their one common
banner, — the banner of the Lord Christ
— and hear their one strain sounding from
the silver trumpets of joy, — Glory to God in
the highest, and on earth peace, good will
towards men.

The Rev. William Thorpe, of Bristol,
seconded the motion, and commenced his
speech with the following impressive ob-
servations :

It is not, Sir, my intention to trespass
long on your patience and kind attention ;
indeed, I feel that I am very far from being '
able to do it. It is not, however, the ap-
pearance of this vast assembly merely that
overw helms me, but the magnitude of the
cause for which this assembly is convened.
When I think on the worth of an immortal
soul, and cast my eye over the immense
multitudes living in darkness in the heathen
world, lost to happiness and to God, crowd-
ing, by myriads, every day, without the
knowledge of a Saviour to their eternal
destiny ; when I seriously reflect on the
numbers that have passed away, even during
the few hours that we have been assembled
together in this place, and sunk to rise no
more, my spirits are depressed, my heart is
sorrowful, and my whole frame trembles.
These things. Sir, really are, and we pro-
fess to believe that they are. O, how deep,
then, the impression that they should make
on our minds, how great the influence they
should have upon our conduct. My won-
der is not, Sir, that Missionary Societies
have been established within the last thir-
ty or forty year»-s, but that they were not
established ages before — not at the liberal
contributions which have been made to this
great cause within the last few years, but
that these contributions have not been in-
creased a hundred fold — not that the atten-
tion of the Christian world should now be
employed in sending forth Christian Mis-
sionaries, but that the zeal which character-
ized the first ages should ever have been
extinguished, is the soul lessened in va-
lue ? Has not the Son of God declared
that the possession of a world cannot com-
pensate for its loss ? Is not every man still
guilty before God ? Has not the character
of heathenism always been as it was when

238

ANNIVERSARIES OF SOCIETIES.

[Aug.

Paul wrote bis first chapter to tlie Ko-
mans ? Is not the commission of the Son
of God, given to his disciples before he as-
trended into Heaven, of perpetual obliga-
tion, until it be fulfilled in its largest ex-
tent ? Are not God and Christ, and Hea-
ven and Hell, and Eternity, as awful now,
and have they not always been, as they
■were in the days of the Apostles ? To what
then, Sir, are we to ascribe the death-like
sleep in which the Church of Christ lay for
ages and centuries, while the heathen
world was perishing around them ? Doubt-
less external circumstances had tbeir in-
fluence, but the chief and predominant
cause has been the want of faith in that un-
changing hand, which is invisible and eter-
nal. As Christians, we do not believe, or
we but feebly believe. Our faith is not even
as a grain of mustard-seed. Blessed be God,
however, it is not entirely extinct, it still
lives, it still opei'atcs in the bosoms of thou-
sands, in the hearts of Missionary Societies,
making us love our brethren of every name,'
and expanding the heart with benevolence
towards all mankind. Hence, Sir, the
zeal displayed in these days for the diffu-
sion of Christian knowledge by the instruc-
tion of the rising generation, and by send-
ing Missionaries to preach the Gospel to all
nations, that all men may be saved.
Hence, too, the pleasing appearance that
London exhibits at this season of the year,
in the anniversaries of so many societies,
and hence the stirs which are seen and
heard this day in the metropolis of a
mighty empire.

Mr. T. then remarked, that, compared
with past ages, the efforts now making for
the spread of Christianity are unexampled.
It must be admitted, indeed, that the age of
the Apostles was brighter, and the rapidity
with which they spread the Gospel, truly
astonishing. They, however, were endow-
ed with the pov,rer of working miracles, and
with other extraordinary gifts of the Spirit ;
so that the people among whom they went
were convinced the God of Heaven was
with them, which is not the case with the
Missionaries in the present day.

Mr. T. next alluded to the calumny
which had been cast upon those who are
zealous in the cause of Christian Missions,
by comparing them to the crusaders — and
expressed himself to the following effect :

Sir, the zeal of the crusaders doubtless
had its origin in absurd superstition ; but is
it superstition to train up the rising race in
the principles of morality and of true Chris-
tianity ? Is it superstition to translate the
Scriptures into every language spoken by
man, and to send copies of them into every
<;orner of the world where man exists ?
Is it superstition to send heralds of the

Gospel, to preach it to every person' un-
der the sun ? If this, Sir, be superstition,
may Great Britain continue to be the most
superstitious empire on the face of the
globe, until all empires have caught the in-
fection !

Mr. T. then adverted to the period of the
Reformation, and observed, that without
depreciating the importance of any of the
labours of the Reformers, it must be ac-
knowledged that the present age far sur-
passed the-irs in zeal for the diffusion of
pure Christianity. That age, nevertheless,
had its bright points. The Scriptures were
translated into several languages, but it
had no British and Foreign Bible Society.
Children were instructed in the principles
of the Reformation, but there was no ge-
neral plan for the diffusion of the blessings
of education among all ranks and condi-
tions of society ; a few missionaries might
be sent into different countries while the
work of Reformation Avas going on, but
there were no Missionary Societies, such as
exist at jjresent. If the time when Luther
commenced his attack on the Church of
Rome were properly called the twilight of
Reformation, he would call the age in which
we live the meridian.

In conclusion, Mr. T. observed, I see
an awful hand lifting up the veil that hides
etcrrflty from the world, and giving us a
more than distant glimpse of that more
than rnajestic glory that glows behind. I
see the seed of Abraham, gathered out of
all nations, standing before the hill of Cal-
vary, looking to Him whom their fathers
crucified, and filling the Holy Land with
love. I see the man of sin utterly vanish
away before the brightness of His rising,
who is seated at the right hand of God. I
see the Idol Monarch of the East hurled from
his proud eminence, and ground to dust be-
neath the wheels of his blood-stained car.
I see the Great Dragoa seized by the hand
of the Prince of Peace, and cast into the
bottomless pit, unable to break a single
link of his chain, or to deceive the nations
any more. And now, Sir, the vision of
prophecy is realized ; the wolf does dwell
xoitli the lamb, the leopard does lie down with
the kid, the co w and the bear do feed together^
the lion is seen eating straw with the ox.
Behold, the sucking child shall play on the
hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put
his hand on the cockatrice's den. They shall
not hurt or destroy in all my holy moimtain :
for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of
the Lord, as the toaters cover the sea.

The Rev. John Codman, D. D. of Bos-
ton, America, moved the thanks of the
Meeting be given to those gentlemen who
conducted the affairs of the Society during
the past year.

1825.]

LONDON MISSIONARY SOCIETY.

239

Dr. Codman expressed the great pleasure
he experienced in being present on this
occasion. It was now eighteen years since
he had enjoyed the same pleasure before.
At that time a considerable anxiety pre-
vailed as to the safety of the Mission in
the South Seas, over which a dark cloud
then hung. But the Society's cKtremity
was Giod's opportunity, and he has con-
vinced us, by what has since happened, that
the work was all his own. Dr. C. then
congratulated the Meeting on the peculiar
success with which it has pleased Him,
lately, to crown that Mission. Ad'^erthig
to those venerable friends of the Society,
who have passed from the scene of their
labours to their glorious reward, he hoped
to be allowed, with some of their names,
to associate that of Hardcastle ; a name
engraved on the tablet of Christian recol-
lection ; while he, at the same time, ex-
pressed the satisfaction he felt from behold-
ing once more, in the flesh, in the evening
of their days, other venerable fathers of
the Society then present. Their sun
(said Dr. C.) is setting without a cloud,
and* its radiance, brightening and glowing
as it descends, indicates to them a brighter
and a fairer day in a better world, where it
shall rise to set no more."

Dr. C. then said, that it might be ex-
pected he should give the assembly some
information as to what is doing in Ame-
rica to promote the spread of the Gospel.
He was happy to say, that a very pov.erful
Missionary spirit has been excit„d in ihe
United States, during the last fifteen or six-
teen years, of the origin of which he gave
the following account : — In a Theological
Seminary, not far distant from Boston,
there were two or three young men who
were preparing for the ministry, whose
minds were deeply affected with the con-
dition of the perishing heathen ; and in the
retirement of their closets, they formed the
noble purpose of devoting thentselves to
God in the service of his Son among the
heathen. This resolution they submitted
to an Association of Ministers, in their
own immediate neighbourhood, who took
them under their protection, and formed
a Society which is known by the name of
the American Board for Foreign Missions :
a Society which holds, at present, a very
high rank among the Missionary Societies
of the Christian world.

Dr. C. then adverted to the missions of
the American Society, particularly to those
in Palestine, in the Sandwich Islands,
where they are co-operating with the Lon-
don Missionary Society ; and among the
heathen tribes of his own country.

He added, that the Missionary spirit is
rapidly increasing in America, and that in
the part where he resides, there is scarcely

a town or village where there is not to be
found an Auxiliary Missionary, Bible, Edu-
cation, or Tract Society.

Dr. C. then alluded to the prosperity and
unprecedented zeal for internal improve-
ments, pievailing both in Great Britain and
America, and asked, shall not zeal in the
cause of Missions equally prevail in both
also ? He concluded in the following man-
ner :

Sir, we feel that we are united with you
in the tenderest ties ; that we are descend-
ed from Great Britain ; that our fathers' se-
pulchres aro in these lands ; and that nothing-
can be more unnatural than hostility be-
tween Great Britain and America. Pray
the Father of Mercies, that there may
never more be any other strife between
these countries than this — who shall serve
our Saviour best — who shall love our Savi-
our most.

The Rev. Mark Wilks, of Paris, moved
one of the resolutions, and in the course of
his remarks observed, that the Paris Mis-
sionary Society comprehended a vast num-
ber of devoted persons, whose hearts bound
in unison with the feelings of those who
compose the present assembly, and who
daily offer up their prayers for the prospe-
rity of the Missionary Society. The suc-
cess of the Paris Society has surpassed the
most sanguine expectations. It was esta-
blished only two years and a half ago, and
the last year its income amounted to 3,000
francs, which is double that of the preced-
irtg year ; while Auxiliary Societies are
continually forming in various parts of
France. The Missionary Prayer Meet-
ings are well attended, both at Paris and
in the country. Mr. W. particularly spe-
cified one instance, at Nerac, where, though
the rain descended in torrents, he never-
theless found the people assembled. Of the
students received into the Missionary Se-
tt^ inary at Paris, some have already enter-
ed, and others are preparing to enter, the
field of missionary labour.

Mr. W. then stated the following cir-
cumstances illustrative of the missionary-
spirit in France. Among the regulations
one of the Ladies' Auxiliary institutions,
(one in Dauphiny) are the following . If a
Lady of the Committee absent herself, ano-
ther of its members visits her to ascertain
the cause ; if without an adequate rea-
son she again absents herself, she is seri-
ously rebuked ; if a third time, her name
is erased from the Committee, as not being
a suitable person for so important and sa-
cred a work. — The children of one of the
Juvenile Societies, situated in a part of the
country where the people are all vine-dress-
ers, last autumn collected nuts, in great
numbers, sold them, and presented the pro-

240

ANNIVERSARIES OF SOCIETIES.

[Aug.

duce to the Treasurer. Having done this
in the Autumn, they considered what they
should do in the spring. They, accordingly,
went out and collected various species of
medicinal herbs, and having sold them, pre-
sented, as before, the money to the Trea-
surer.

The Rev. Sereno D WIGHT, of Boston,
North America, moved the seventh Reso-
lution.

Mr. Dwight felt himself admonished to
brevity by the advanced period of the
Meeting. Like a preceding speaker it was
his happiness to be trained to the mission-
ary cause ; his father had taught him at an
early age to love and revere the London
Missionary Society, and had employed him
to read its intelligence, from time to time,
as it arrived.

He had lately the pleasure of seeing, in
Switzerland, the Rev. Professor Blumhardt,
who had told him that the labours of the
British Religious Societies, but especially
the Missionary exertions in Germany, were
beginning, by the blessing of God, to
awaken a spirit of Christian love and zeal
in that country ; and that both in Germany
and inPrussia, there were great and evident
manifestations of the outpouring of the
Holy Spirit, particularly on ministers of the
Gospel.

Mr. D. then related the particulars of
an attempt made, about 22 years ago, by
the Government of the United States, to ci-
vilize an extensive tribe of Creek Indians,
by making them acquainted with the useful
arts, and teaching them agriculture. The
leading man in this attempt, who was fur-
nished with every requisite for the object,
and an annual sum of 5 or 6000L returned
about two years ago, and gave up his com-
mission, declaring his conviction, that it
was quite impossible to accomplish the ob-
ject. Mr. D. then said, the American
Board for Missions, about three years ago,
sent out from ten to fifteen persons to a
tribe of Cherokee Indians ; which commis-
sion was shortly afterward patronised by
the chiefs, who have since made a law that
no spirituous liquors should be sold in their
country, together with other regulations
adapted to promote the education of chil-
dren, and the knowledge of agriculture :
and many gentlemen who have travelled in
that part of America, and visited the set-
tlement, are now living witnesses that
when the Bible is sent with implements of
art, the savage character may be tamed,
and the seeds of civilization soAvn with suc-
cess. A young Indian Chief, who has re-
ceived the truth as it is in Jesus, had in
five years from the time he first heard the
English language, acquired such a know-
ledge of it, as to be able to write intelligi-

bly on religious subjects. He has since re-
turned to his countrymen as a Herald of
Salvation.

It was said in an early stage of this Meet-
ing that the Society is committed. Let me
say. Sir, that every Missionary, Bible, and
every other Evangelical Society, stands
committed. You have awaked up a spirit
upon the Continent, that has induced the
Papal Church to rally its powers, in order
to sustain itself; and Protestantism, if pos-
sible, is to be put down. Will you then go
back ? No ; let us rather show that there
are two nations in the world which despo-
tism cannot approach, and superstition
cannot corrupt ; two nations, which, stand-
ing united, shall furm the bulwark of the
civil and religious liberties of the Protest-
ant world.

Mr. D. concluded with stating, in refer-
ence to the subject of the motion, that si-
milar intercourses and good oflfices take
place among the several evangelical deno-
minations in America, as are found to pre-
vail in this country among the members of
the different Societies.

IRISH EVANGELICAL SOCIETY.

The Eleventh Anniversary of the above
Society was held at the City of London
Tavern, May lOth. The Report communi-
cates the following information respecting
its plan, and the extent of its operations.
The Society is not the champion of party
interests. Us object is simply but faithful-
ly to show unto the people the way of
salvation by Jesus Christ. Its Academy
in Dublin is formed in accordance with
these principles ; and the Tutors, under
whose superintendence it is placed, as also
the students themselves, eight in number,
belong to different denominations. These
students are engaged every Lord's day in
preaching the word of life, or superintend-
ing Sunday schools, at places in the vicinity
of Dublin. The general operations of the
Society, as announced in former reports,
have been carried on with unabating vi-
gour during another year, while pleasing
and important accessions have also been
made to its sphere of labour. It has
eighteen stations, in different parts of the
country, where its ministers are promot-
ing its important objects in the English
language. Each station comprises a dis-
trict; of ten or twenty miles, and includes
from four to ten towns, or villages, which
are regularly visited in a round of itine-
rating labour. At each place the Minister
circulates copies of the Holy Scriptures and
religious tract" ; where practicable, he es-
tablishes and superintends Sunday Schools,
as well as preaches the glorious gospel of

1S25.]

ANNIVERSARIES OF SOCIETIES.

211

the blessed God. At three of these stations
the Society's interests are rather low ; in all
the others they are decidedly encouraging,
and in some of them truly prospering. la
addition to these, it has five native teachers,
who are labouring in the vernacular lun-
guagCj and reading the scriptures from cabin
to cabin, and whose labours and encourage-
ments greatly abound. The Society's Mi-
nisters have generally availed themselves of
the recent Bible discussions in Ireland, by
announcing that at such a time they would
preach a sermon on the right of the people
to read the Holy Scriptures. On these oc-
casions their chapels have been crowded to
excess. Roman Catholics, as well as
others, have eagerly attended ; and, in
many instances, individuals thus casually
brought together by the mere excitement of
the times, have subsequently placed them-
selves among the regular attendants on the
Uiinistrj of the word.

ANNIVERSARIES IN PARIS.

A letter from Paris dated April 16, 1825,
inserted in the London Evangelical Maga-
zine for June, gives the following account
of the Religious Anniversaries recently
celebrated in that capital.

The Anniversaries of the religious So-
cieties established in France have been held
this week in the capital, with a degree of
publicity, and attended with an eagerness
of zeal, which a short time since the most
sanguine friends of religion could not have
anticipated.

On Tuesday evening, April 12, the Reli-
gious Tract Society held its Third An-
nual Meeting in the Hotel Montmorency,
No. 10, Rue St. Marc. The Baron de Stael,
Treasurer of the Society, presided. The
!^eport was read by Mr. Henri Lutterworth,
banker, one of the Secretaries. The adop-
tion of the Report was proposed by Mr.
Gui^ot, late Counsellor of State, and Se-
cretary to the Minister of Justice, and
seconded by M. le pasteur Galland, Director
of the Mission-house. Mr. Fontaine, Mr.
Merle D'Aubigne, pastor of the French
Protestant church at Brussels, the Rev.
Mark Wilks, and the President, also ad-
dressed the Meeting. At the close of the
sitting, Mrs. Walker, a Quaker lady from
America, rose, and requesting Mr. Wilks to
translate her words sentence by sentence,
delivered a very pious and impressive ad-
tlress, which was received with great atten-
tion and respect. Messrs. Monod, Sen. and
Jun. opened and closed the business of the
Meeting by prayer. The operations of the
'society, though impeded bv the absence

VouTI. ^ .31

and illness of some of the members of the
Committee, have been considerable : the
amount of the sale of Tracts has increasr
ed, and that of the subscriptions has not
diminished. The list of Tracts piibliihe'l
has been extended from Nos. 15 to 22.
Prejudices aguinst this mode of propaga-
ting the truths of the gospel are fast subsi-
ding, and there is every reason to believe
that during the ensuing year, should peacs
and protection be continued, great impro\^;-
ment will take place in the affairs of ihi-i
infant Institution.

The Protestant Bible Society assembled
on Wednesday the 13th, at 12 o'clock, at
the Public Hall, Rue de Clery, No 21.
1 he President, the Marquis de Jancourt,
took the Chair ; he was supported by se-
veral peers and members of the Chamber
of Deputies, and by a number of distin-
guished Protestants. The report was read
by the Baron de Stael, one of the Secreta-
ries ; an interesting Report from the La-
dies' Committee, written by his sister the
Duchess de Broglie, was also read by Mr.
F. Delessert, banker ; and a third Report
from the Association of Artisans and
Workmen, was read by one of their own
body. These Reports stated that there had
been considerable increase in Auxiliary
Societies and Associations, in the amount of
contributions, and in the zeal and religious
influence of the Society during the past
year. The President, Count Verhuel, Vice
Admiral, Count Pressac, Mr. Lafond Ladc-
bal, Mr. Delessert, Mr. Coulman, Mr. Bil-
ling, the Baron de Staiil, and M. Wilks of
Paris, and Mr. Letenneurof Toulouse, Mr.
Meynadier, pastor of Vallon, and Mr. Appia,
of Piedmont, addressed the iNleeting, which
for attendance and interest surpassed any
former year.

On Thursday, at Two o'clock, the Mis-
sioxARY Society held its Second Anniver-
sary in the Chapel of the Protestant Church
of the Oratoire, Rue St. Honorc. The
place of Meeting was much too small for the
liUiabers who desired to attend. The Count
Verhuel, Admiral and Peer of France, pre-
sided ; and after prayer by the Lutheran
pastor, Mr. Goepp, opened the Meeting by
a very interesting di3C0ur.-!e. The Report
was read by M. Galland, formerly pastor at
Berne, and now Director of the Mission-
house eslabMshf i! at Pari.;. M. V/addiriglon,
Treasurer, M. Rossilotti, Professor Stapfer,
Mr. Mark Wilks, and Caron de Stael, v/ere
among the speakers on the occasion. The
members of the Committee, and the Conn-
try ministers dined together, and spent the
evening in conversation rcialive to the in-
terests and progress of the cause of Christ.
This Society has been rcniaikably succes-s-
ful ; the amount of its receipts during the
past vear isdoubl*' that of tli" former year ,

2d2

HOME PROCEEDINGS.

[Aug.

the number of prayer-meetings and auxi-
liaries has greatly increased, and four young
Frenchmen, apparently devoted to the Mis-
sionary service, have entered the Mission-
house, and commenced their studies under
the direction of Mr, Galland.

These facts Avill, doubtic; .-', excite the joy

and gratitude of Christians of every deno-
mination in all parts of the world.

The Society of Christian Morality as-
sembled on Friday. It is composed of
Catholics and Protestants. The Duke de
Brogiie took the Chair, and Mr. Guizot made
a very remarkable speech on the occasion.

ujnit3:d foreign missionary society.

UNION MISSION.

JOURNAL FOR MARCH, 1825.

1 HA.— Considering the savage rudeness
of the Osage warriors, when they meet their
enemies, or even their friends, on theii- war-
ground, we have thought ourselves pecu-
liarly favoured at Union. To-day, how-
ever, an affair took place, which it may
perhaps be useful to record. Brother Ful-
ler has been occupied most of the winter in
clearing and fencing a large field for corn
in the river bottom. Wah-ho-bek-keb, who
has been a fierce and bloody warrior, built
his lodge on the opposite side of the river,
and occasionally brought in meat for sale.
He had conducted himself peaceably till to-
day, when the evil spirit put it into bis
heart to do mischief. He crossed over, and
begged the use of a kettle, which brother
Fuller denied him, on the ground that he
could not spare it from his camp. The In-
dian then attempted to open the door by
violence. One of the most resolute of the
labourers stepped forward, and resisted his
attempt. The Indian then leaped toward
the man, aiming at him the full blows of his
tomahawk. The man, unv.illing to risk the
consequence of taking up his axe in self-
defence, seized a club, by which he gave
the Indian one heavy blow, and again re-
treated. The Indian, still more exasperated,
pursued, till brother Fuller, observing the
motion of things, left his plough and canie
forward. The Indian coming to his recol-
lection, desisted, and sat down on a log,
and began to complain that tli. aan had
struck him. Brother Fuller, k;; .\ ing that
he was in the wrong, and that iiall aimed
a number of fatal blows at the oian, one of
which had glanced down bis back, replied
to the Indian, you are a bad man, you loanied
io kill some of us ; and then deliberately
taking away the Indian's tomahawk, handed
it to the injured labourer, and told him,
" you may throw it into the river." It was
then hurled away into the river, where we
hope it will rest. The Indian breathed out
his comi)Iaiiit, Wt-a ivau-liau-ne, i. e. I ara

poor, and went off, apparently mortified at
his rashness.

21si. — The warrior who assaulted the
camp on the 11th instant, and whom brother
Fuller deprived of his tomahawk, has again
come to see us, and behaves more hand-
somely than we have ever known him. He
talks about joining the settlement at Hope-
field ; but, knowing his quarrelsome turn,
we dare not encourage him to come there
at present. On the whole we feel satisfied,
that casting away his tomahawk has been a
sufficient punishment for his rashness, and
saved us the trouble of reporting him to the
civil or military authorities of the country.
And since this man, who, in other circum-
stances, might have become so much exas-
perated as to excite the feelings of many
against us, has, from the consciousness of
his own error, become cool, and even in
some measure reformed, we hesitate not to
say, that the most benighted heathen has
reason, has conscience, has a soul : and we
would improve this occurrence to rouse us
to increased efforts to guide that reason,
to enlighten that conscience, and save that
soul.

JOURNAL FOR APRIL.

April 9th. — Brother Vaill spent part of
this week in visiting the Indians at the great
village on the Verdigris ; lodged, as for-
merly, at Clamore's, and notwithstanding
those grievances stated in the Journal for
January and February, he was treated with
usual hospitality and friendship. There
are at this time more than two hundred
houses in the town. Clamore's dwelling
cannot be less than fifty feet in length, and
sixteen in width, and contains twenty-five
souls. The same is true of a number of
other houses. The average number we sup-
pose to be twelve or thirteen. According
to the estimate which we have just made,
there are in this town two thousand five
hundred soQls. In the Pas-sog-go-neh town
higher up the Verdigris, there are not less
than five hundred, which makes the Indians
of the Arkansas three thousand, instead of

1825.]

UNION .MISSION.

243

two thousand, as stated in a late paper. Of
this number, one thousand or more are chil-
dren, of a suitable age to be at school.

The instructions from New- York, invit-
ing one of Ciamore's sons, and one of Tal-
ly's, to come thither for the purpose of edu-
cation, were communicated to these chiefs,
and their answers received. The first said,
*' I know your object in coming to this
country ; it is good. But I have not yet
seen the day when I felt safe in sending my
children away from home. I have many
foes. I am like a man who is attacked by
twenty angry dogs at one time, he knows
not which to strike first. When the Agent
comes and lives among us, I shall put two
of ray sons to your school, that they may
tarr_. (vith you two years, live on your food,
learn your language, bei'ore they travel
abroad, so as not to appear awkward, and
be subject to sickness by a sudden change of
diet."

The second chief, knowing the many pro-
mises which Clamore had made, which he
had not fulfilled, replied, " I shall not pro-
mise till 1 am ready to perform. W hen I
make up my mind to school my children, I
shall give them to the missionaries. Till
then, I shall say nothing."

Thus the answer of neither was definite
about sending a son to the east ; and the
subject was not pressed upon them, except
so far as to state the advantages of educa-
tion ; for the most enlightened of these
people are ready to imagine, that you are
seeking a benefit from them, if you ask for
their children. We have been particularly
gratified in having it in our power to give
the above invitation to these chiefs, and do
not give up the hope, that they will soon
have their eyes opened to see that the edu-
cation of their children will be a benefit to
themselves.

.ipril 25^/t.— Brother Vaill spent the Sab-
bath, yesterday, at the great village, and
preached in the old chief's lodge, from
t these words, " My people are wi.sc to do
1 evil, but to do good they have no know-
1 ledge." The attempt was more successful
j, than was anticipated ; indeed it was more
so than any that has yet been made, to our
knowledge, in any of the villages except at
Hopefield. Wbat was particularly pleas-
ing, was the fact, that they sent forth the
public crier on Saturday evening, to pro-
claim that the Tah-poos-kah, or missionary,
had come; that tlie coming day was the
Sabbath ; that they must all keep still, &c.
On Sabbath evening the interpreter said,
they had been more still than usual ; though
the women proceeded with their planting,
; and the boys played at quoits.

The blind chief, who is considered a ju-
dicious and wise man for an Indian, observ-
ed, that there would be a heap of rorn lost

if the women should quit planting for the
Uiiipak IVoh-kun-dah, the day of God.
And Tally s&id once at the mission house,
when requested not to make salt 0)i the
Sabbath, Uinpah Woli-kun-dah erd-sie, I
hate God's day, it makes people poor. As
yet the chiefs lend not their example or in-
liuence to prcr:iote the objects of ihe mis-
sion J still, yesterday's success gives us
encouragement, and the tin:.e has come
when the whole nation begin to form some
idea of our business among them, and of
the Sabbath ; and had we another preacher
here, the word of God might be dispensed
both at the settlement and at the great vil-
lage every Sabbaih, and at other times.
May God send us assistance in due season.

April 25th. — Examined the school pre-
vious to a vacation of two weeks. The
number of scholars is twenty-one. The
children have appeared far better than at
any past period ; and all who now attend
the school appear to be fixed. The parents
of all except the two youngest, are settled
down in habits of industry. We have five
from a teltlement fifteen miles up this river,
composed of Frenchmen, who have Osage
wives, and who have just now quit the life
of the hunter, for that of the farmer, — one
from a simdar settlement, just commenced,
ten miles below us, — three from Mr. Cho-
teau's establishment, and six from Hope-
field. To all these settlers, we have lent
some small assistance, to stimulate their
exertion. The remaining four belong to
Swiss, who, with his wife, are diligently
labouring in the service of the mission.

From the above statement, the Christian
public will see, that the wild Indian must
be partially lamed before he will see the
necessity of having his children educated.
And though the present progress of this in-
fant school is very encouraging, yet we
have been called to nurse it with great ten-
derness, and 10 do much in cultivating the
rnlnds o( their parents.

April 22d. lieceived a boy into the school,
belonging to Beautiful J>ird, one of the
Osage farmers at Uopcfield. He is a lad
of about eleven years of age. Was brought
at first in the summer of 1S23, but soon ran
away. Was acrain brought last summer,
but v/lien taken with the hooping-cough,
and quite sick, his old grandmother came
and cried over him, and enticed him away
to the great village. His father is now de-
termined that he shall slay.

HOPEFIELD.

Mr. Requa, in a letter dated May 17,
1825, gives the following account of the
little colony of Indian farmers which has
been gathered at Hopefield

244

HOME PROCEEDINGS.

In a conimunication by our ikceascd
fi iciia and brotlier, E. Chapman, dated 2d
.July, 1824, and in his first report, you have
the history of this settlement from its origin
to that date. It now remains for me to
1 ursuc the history.

Ill July last, shortly after brother C.'s
ronimunication, as soon as vegetables were
calahie, such as corn, melon?, pumpkins,
ivc. the Indians here lived almost entirely
on them, having littl;^ or nothing else upon
which they couUl subsist. This, together
wit!i the uiihealthy season of the year, was
probably the occasion of much sickness
among them. Our physician frequently
visited them, and did much to restore their
health, yet some died. Among those who
died was an Indian woman, supposed to be
ftt least an hundred years old. Not only
the natives, but brother and sister Chapman,
Mrs. Requa, and myself, were more or less
afflicted with the prevailing fever. This
was indeed discouraging to all, but especially
to those poor Indians, who were so credu-
lous as to believe what their sahka shivgah,
or old men, told them, that their living
among white people was the cause ol the
sickness and deaths among them. The
more rational, however, did not believe
such superstitious notions. During their
absence many of them were so sick tiiat
three families returned to receive medical
aid before they accomplished any thing in
hunting. The rest arrived late in the fall,
and gave a detailed account of their suffer-
ings, which were truly lamentable. By rea-
son of these discouragements, they were
not disposed to labour much until some
time in the winter. Their health and spirits
being then restored, they began to talk
:>bout their houses and fields, and to resume
Ihcir labour. Since that time three log ca-
lkins have been erected, their fields have
been enlarged, and more than four thou-
sand rails have been made.

Early last winter, four other families
from the wandering Indians settled here,
which makes the number of ()?agc farmers,
including our interpreti^r, "firteen, and the
number of inhabitants ninety-one.

[Mr. Requa then gives a table showing the
^inmes of the fifteen farmers, th? number of
thcirwives and children, and the number of
acres of land enclosed and cultivated by
each. From this table it appears that thir-
teen out of the fifteen are married, and two
are widowers ; one of them has three wives,
and another two ; the rest have only one.
The whole number of their children is forty-
iMiCf of whom seven arc at school. The

Wiio'e number of acres of land enclosed is
seventy-three, and the number cultivatcd'i.s
forty-three.]

Most of the settlers, considering their
former idle habits, and roving dispositions,
have far exceeded our expectations in per-
severing industry and in steadiness of de-
portment. They continue to assemble on
the Sabbath and attend to divine instruc-
tion. Brother Vaill makes no small exer-
tions to come here every Sabbath morning,
to preach to them. In the afternoon he re-
turns to his pastoral charge at Union. We
have reason to be encouraged, and to be-
lieve the hand of the Lord is assisting us.
Oh ! "may we labour and not faint." Have
we not cause to believe that the Lord is
thus preparing the way for this people to
receive the blessings of the New Covenant
in Christ.

I will now attempt to give you a descrip-
tion of their poverty ; and you will allow
me to plead in their behalf. Some of the
families that came here last winter have
subsisted a part of the time on nothing but
acorns, which they prepare by boiling them
first in ashes and water, and then in pure
vvatei*. Their extreme poverty prevents
them from making those preparations which
are necessary to their farming more exten-
sively. They have horses, and wish to ac-
custom them to work ; but they have no
harness for them, no ploughs, no wagons
or carts. They wish to cut timber for ca-
bins, rails, &c. but they have only a few
axes, which were lent them by Union Mis-
sion. They would have split many more
rails this spring, if they could have had a
sufficient nuu^ber of iron wedges. They
would dress or cultivate their corn to rottch
better advantage, if they could have a suf-
ficient num.bcr of hoes. All these imple-
ments they are destitute of except a few
hoes. A few of the women have planted
some cotton. They inquire, When shall
we he able to make cloth ? They have seen
large spinning wheels at Union, and know
the use of them. They ask. Who will give
us wheels, and furnish us with things ne-
cessary to weave cloth ? — They say. If you
write to your good friends at the east, will
not they help us ? Are there not plenty of
such things there ? But I forbear ; I can
scarcely refrain from tears while I write
and reflect on their destitute condition.
Cannot something be done to assist them
in their agricultural and domestic pursuits ?
I trust the Lord, who has all hearts in hi.s
hands, will dispose some to cast, of their
abundance, into his treasury, >hat this de-
graded people may be raised from their low
estate to enjoy the blessings of civilize^
niaii.

MACINAW MISSION'.

MACKINAW MISSION.

The following extract of a letter from Mr.
H. one of the teachers at Mackinaw, under
date of April 30tb, gives a very gratifyinp;
account of the state of the Indian school at
that station. When it is recollected that
the school was opened only as late as Octo-
ber 1823, that at the date of this letter,
many of the boys had been in the family of
the missionaries only a few months, that
when first received, they were wholly igno-
rant of the English language, and that their
teachers ^have constantly laboured under
great embarrassments, for want of a suffi-
cient supplyof books and other conveniences,
their progress in learning will appear truly
surprising. After alluding to the difticulties
above named, Mr. H. who commenced his
duties as a teacher in^^ovembcr last, pro-
ceeds as follows : —

Now, what could you expect, from a
school under such circumstances as these ?
And yet, the improvement has exceeded my
highest hopes. During the first quarter,
and at the examination, there was nothing
very particular for us to report, only that
the schools had made good improvement,
and that their conduct had generally been
commendable. At the commencement of
the second quarter, I prepared a paper with
the names of all my scbolars on it, and a
place to set the number of verses committed,
one for credit marks, one for late attend-
ance, and another for bad conduct. This
paper was fastened upon the wall, in a con-
spicuous place, exposed to the view of all
■who entered the house. The thing seemed
to have a very good effect on most of the
scholars, and to create a kind of rivalship
between the male and female departments.
Many of the children were anxious to excel.
By this time many of the children that en-
tered the family, between the time that the
school opened, (October 1823,) and the fol-
lowing August, began to spell in any part of
the spelling-book, to read with facility in
easy readings, and many of them to write a
legible hand. About the middle of the quar-
ter, the first class in the female school,
(being more than twenty in number,) sen*
a challenge to the first class in the boys'
.school, to spell with them. The challenge
was accepted — and the lesson proposed was
the lOtli Table in Webster's spelling-book.
The lesson was new, and the time to prepare
for the contest, only three hours, and that
mostly occupied with other studies. — But in
spelling about fifty words, t%venty boys only
missed seven words, and the girls only four.

The boys, on finding themselves beaten,
sent back another challenge to spell on trial
for a week together. This also was accept-
ed, and they went through the week, lesson
after lesson, with missing only about fifteen
words in the boys' school, and twenty in
the girls'. Some of the younger boys, see-
ing the strife, caua;ht the flame of ambition,
commenced the same lessons, and went on
day after day without missing a single word.
This was reported to brother Ferry, and as
a reward for this diligence, he promised
each of the boys in one class (being six in
number, who came from the Indian coun-
try, destitute of any knowledge of letters
last July) a Bible, provided they would
spell from the nineteenth Table in Webster's
spelling-book, through to the proper names.
Three of the boys and one girl, that entered
the school at the same time, and under the
same circumstances, obtained the reward,
and the other three boys missed only one or
two words apiece. At the esaaiination at
the close of the second quarter, i had the
satisfaction to see and report, that chil-
dren who could scarcely read in two sylla-
bles when I commenced, could now read in-
telligibly in the Bible, and spell with facility
in any part of Webster's spelling-book, and
write a legible hand. Also, that some few
could pass a good examination on arithme-
tic, grammar, and geography. And besides
all this, that in the school during the last
quarter, there had been committed to me-
mory, and recited in the school, five thou-
sand two hundred and fifty-seven verses in
the Bible and biblical questions. This is
the report of the male department, and the
female department is equally interesting.

From the present appearance, the Mis-
sion is gaining more and more the confi-
dence of the people. We have now fifty
children, and could have fifty more, if we
could accommodate them. But neither our
means of support, nor accommodations will
justify such additions to our number. Yet it
is truly painful to be under the necessity of
refusing the means of life and comfort to
perishing souls, when this is our professed
object in this place. O ! when will the
church awake to the interests of the Re-
deemer's kingdom, that the word of life and
salvation may be sent to the thousands of
immortal beings who are now perishing
without knowledge and without hope.

When we consider that this is the seat of
the Indian trade, the resort of thousands-
yearly, the place that must and will give
character to all the surrounding couritry,
and consequently the channel through which
all moral and religious instruction must be
sent to these perishing souls, we feel that
our mission is inseparably connected with
the interests of the Kedeemer's kingdom in
this place. And may the Lord give us wis-

246

MISCELLANY.

[Altg.

dom and grace to make our labours subser-
vient to his glory and the good of souls.

CATARAUGUS MISSION.
Dedication of an Indian JSIeeting-house.
Mr. Thayer in a letter to the Secretary,
dated July 9th, writes as follows : —

In my last, I mentioned that the Indians
were erecting a Meeting-house. It is now
completed, and is a very pleasant building,
thirty-two by twenty-eight feet, neatly fi-
nished. It was dedicated to Almighty God
last Sabbath. The house was crowded with
Indians of both parties, and white people
from the surrounding settlements. Not far

from four hundred souls were present to
hear the word of life dispensed. Brother
Harris preached the dedication Sermon.
The services were all solemn, and together
with the occasion rendered it one of the
most interesting scenes I have witnessed.
To see a temple of the Lord rising on hea-
then ground, and solemnly set apart for the
worship of Jehovah is truly animating. Af-
ter the dedicatory service, the Lord's Sup-
per was administered ; — there were present,
members of several churches, and nearly all
the Indian church from Seneca.

In that House may many sinners be
brought to experience the enlightening and
saving power of the Gospel, and by the or-
dinances of grace be trained up for future
glory.

CHRISTIANITY IN INDIA.

The Rev. Mr. Hough, Chaplain to the
East India Company at the Madras station,
makes the following statements in reply to
the assertion of the Abbe Dubois, that
Christian missionaries have made no con-
verts in India.

I will not dwell upon the native congre-
gations— amounting to about one hundred
and sixty — assembled by the Baptist, the
Church, the Methodist, the London, the
Scottish, and the American Missionary So-
cieties, in different parts of India, since they
do not consist entirely of Christians. I will,
however, state, that those Societies can
enumerate nearly THREE THOUSAND
CONVERTS, who have renounced all their
supersiii-'ons, have embraced the Christian
faith upon principle, are living according to
the Saviour's commands, and thus adorning
their profession in the midst of idolatry and
iniquity. The strictest attention rs paid to
their moral conduct : and when it is not in
conformity with their profession, they are
suspended, and denied the privilege of com-
munion, until the missionary is satisfied as
to the sincerity of their repentance. Many
have died in the faith, and given every
proof that divine grace had regenerated
their hearts.

Here I might close my argument with
triumph I But I have not done. — There is
a body of Christians in South India to which
I have not referred. They are the fruits of
the labours of the Danish missionaries at

Tranquebar, and the German missionaries
of the Christian Knowledge Society, and
have been converted at different periods du-
ring the last century. They occupy eight
principal stations — Verpery, Tanjore, Tran-
quebar, Trichinopoly, Tinnevelly, Cudda-
lore, Madura, and Ramnad. They are to
be found also, in small numbers, scattered
through many villages of South India.
Wheii I state them at twenty thousand, I es-
timate them far below their actual number.

The work from which this extract was
taken, was first published about a year ago.
" Of course" says the Editor of the Boston
Recorder, " the statements cannot extend
to the present time. Yet we know, that
within the last year or two, many of the
missions in India have been signally fa-
voured. We know that within this period
the Divine blessing has been bestowed in a
wonderful manner upon the American Mis-
sion in Ceylon j and that of 200 youth in
the sevei-al Boarding Schools, r)\ort than one
third giv e evidence of having tasted and seen
that the Lord is good. We know that al-
most before the missionaries could gather
in -the fruits of the first revival, a second
commenced ; and, it may be continues to
the present day.

In the early part of 1823, there were in
the Boarding Schools at Ceylon, 152 stu-
dents, besides several on probation. Of
this number, 116 were Vellalas, and 8 Chit-
tys. These two casts are high, compared
with others in the District of Jaffna, except
the Brahmins. There were also lO Mada-
pallys ; which class is very respectable.

1825.]

MISCELLANV.

247

Out of 152 scholars, then, in the Ceylon
Boarding Schools, at least 134 are of high
cast. If any one doubts whether these
scholars ought to be considered " converts,"
let it be remembered, that 44 of their num-
ber were to be admitted to the Lord's table,
on the 20tb of January last, according to
the strict rules of evangelical Christians in
this country. In other words, after a trial
of several mr.^'h- O/orn Ihe liii.c tL.y bc;^an
to hope, they give satisfactory evidence of
a change of heart. The whole number of
native members of the church gathered by
the American missionaries in Ceylon, inclu-
ding the above, is more than seventy.''^

Opinicn of Dr. Johnsmij with respect to
Jdissions and Translations. There are per-
sons who would pay much more respect to
the opinion of that colossus in English li-
terature, Dr. Johnson, on any subject of
morality or religion, than to tke opinion of
missionaries, or of their patrons. If these
j)ages should fall into the hands of any such
persons, we entreat them to consider the
following short extract from Boswell's Life
of Johnson : —

*' I did not expect to hear," says the Doc
tor, " that it could be in an assembly con-
vened for the propagation of Christian
knowledge, a question whether any nation,
uninstructed in religion, should receive
instruction ; or whctlier that instruction
should be imparted to them by translation
of the Holy Books into their own language.
If obedience to the will of God be necessary
to happiness, and knowledge of his will be
necessary to obedience, I know not how he
that withholds this knowledge, or denies it,
can be said to love his neighbour as himself.
He that voluntarily continues ignorant is
guilty of all the crimes which ignorance
produces : as to him that should extinguish
the tapers of a light-house, might justly
be imputed the calamities of shipwreck.
Christianity is the highest perfection of hu-
manity ; and as no man is good, but as he
wishes the good of others, no man can be
good in the highest degree who wishes not
to others the largest measures of the greatest
good."

The Doctor proceeds to represent it as
one of the greatest of crimes " to omit for
a year, or for a day, the most efficacious
method of advancing Christianity, in com-
pliance with any purposes that terminate on
this side the grave."

" Let it be remeoibered," says he in con-
* elusion, "that the efficacy of ignorance has
been long tried, and has not produced the
consequences expected. Let knowledge,
therefore, take its turn, and let the patrons
of privation stand aside, and admit the ope-
ration of positive principles."

These opinions were expressed long be-
fore any of the great modern exertions for
the diffusion of the Gospel were commenced.
What would the Doctor have said at the
present day ? and where would he have
found terms strong enough to express his
approbation of these exertions, or his con-
demnation of indifference or opposition to
this cause ? — Miss. Her.

REVIVAL AMONG THE INDIANS AT GREEN
BAY.

A letter from the agent of the Episcopal
Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society,
at Green Bay, dated April 16th, to his cor-
respondent in Philadelphia, thus speaks of
the state of religion among the Indians at
that station.

For two months past, an increasing atten-
tion to religion has been, gaining upon the
minds of the New-York Indians, who are
settled here ; and some instances of deep
conviction bave been manifested by indi-
viduals which, we hope, have terminated
in saving conversion.

I would mention as a particular instance,
the conversion of Christine, a woman 72
years old, — she had been, as she expressed
herself, "a pagan at heart, and a disbe-
liever of the church of faith," — she had re-
sisted the preaching of Dr. Edwards, Mr.
Occum, and Mr. Sergeant, but now finds it
impossible to resist the influences of the
Divine Spirit. With uplifted hands she
exclaimed, "It is wonderful that 1 should
be brought to know God, and find mercy in
Redeeming grace at this late period "

Another woman upwards of 70, and ano-
ther about 60, have, wc hope, passed from
death unto life.

This attention to divine things seems to
be general ; the young as well as the aged,
are beginning to inquire after the things
that belong to their eternal peace.

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.

The following statements were recently
made by the Rev. Dr. Ely of Philadelphia,
before the Massachusetts General Associa-
tion.

The General Assembly comprises, at
the present time ^ fourteen Synods ; each of
which, on an average, has greater territo-
rial limits than the commonwealth of Mas-
sachusetts. These Synods comprehend
eighty-one Presbyteries ; each of which con-
sists of one ruling elder from each congre-
gation within certain Presbyterial limits,
together with all the ordained ministers re-
sident in the same. In all these Presbyte-
ries united, there arc now living, according

248

MISCELLLANY.

[Aug.

to the statistical returns of the two last
years, me tkc^isaml and eighty-eight Minis-
ters of the Gospel. In the year preceding
May last, twenty Presbyterian clergymen
departed this life. The Lice>itiates of the
Presbyterian Church are 175, and Candi-
dates for license 200. Eighteen hundred and
sixty-six churches, and about 118,000 com-
municants have been actuall}^ returned, but
several Presbyteries have made no returns ;
and at the lowest calculation, there are now
2,000 churches, and 150,000 communicants
under the spiritual care of the Assembly.
The number of communicants added in the
two last years, according to actual returns,
exceeded 20,000 ; the adults baptized in the
same time exceeded 5,000 ; and the infants
baptized were a little more than 20,000.

The Board of Education under the care
of the Presbyterian Assembly, either directly
or by its auxiliaries, collected and expended
$14,000 last year, in aiding 225 indigent
young men in pursuing their studies with a
view to the Christian ministry ; and in the
year preceding the last, it expended $10,000
for the same object. During the last year,
about $12,000 were given toward the foun-
dation of scholarships in the Theological
Seminary at Princeton ; and about y$20,000
for the establishment of professorships. In
this Seminary there are HO pupils ; at Au-
burn, in N. Y. about 30 ; at Hampden Sid-
ney, Va. about 10 ; and in Maryville in
Tenn. about 15 , making in all, 165 students
in Theological Schools, connected with the
Presbyterian Church. Nearly one half of
the churches under the care of the Assem-
bly, are now vacant, and societies in that
connexion are likely to multiply more ra-
pidly than their licentiates.

The Board oj Missions under the care of
the Assembly, has at its disposal annually,
$5,000, or nearly that sum, and last year
employed fifty-four missionaries, in the wes-
tern country principally, for different peri-
ods, which together would he equal to 168
months ; or to the labours of one mission-
ary for fourteen years. Last year ten new
churches were formed, and several pastors
settled, through the influence of this Bokrd.
The principal field of its labours in former
yearf was the western part of the state of
New- York, where the Assembly now has
two Synods, in a region of country which
thirty years ago contained only 2,000 inha-
bitants. By the last census the population
was shown to be upward of 500,000. The
South and West now claim the principal
missionary labours of the Assembly ; and
next to the error and vice which are com-
mon to every part of our country, the As-
sembly has occasion to deplore nothing so
much as its inability to supply the rapidly
increasing Presbyterian population of the

great valley of the Mississippi, with well-
educated, pious, and zealous pastors.

The reasonableness of distressing appre-
hensions on this subject, is in some measure
apparent from the foregoing statements.
Add to these, that in the»states of Missouri
and Illinois, amid a population of 160,000
persons, and in a territory 500 miles square,
the Assembly have already eighteen churches,
and only seven ordained ministers, with one
licentiate ; that in the states of Mississippi
and Louisiana, amid a population of
230,000, they have only eleven ministers
of the Gospel ; and that the territorial li-
mits of the Presbytery of Mississippi, com-
prehending a part of Florida, a part of Ala-
bama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas,
and the Western Territory of the Louisiana
purchase, incjude as many square miles as
all the original thirteen United States of
America. The faithful ministers now
wanted by tfae General Assembly for their
destitute churches, are not less than 1,000 ;
and there is no probability that in five years,
more than 500 will be obtained from among
the native sons of that communion. So fav
as possible, however, to provide for their
present and future necessities, the Assem-
bly have resolved to establish a Western
Theological Seminary, in addition to the
one at Princeton.

BIRMAN MISSION.

^ Mr. George D. Boardman, who has been
appointed by the Baptist Board of Missions
to labour in the Birman Empire, sailed with
his lady from Philadelphia for Calcutta, on
the 16th ult. The reasons which influenced
the Board to send out additional mission-
aries in the present unsettled state of the
Birman Empire, are thus stated in the Ame-
rican Baptist Magazine for August :

1. The latest advices give us reason to
believe that the war against the English
cannot be long continued. Persons from
India in this country, best qualified to judge,
give it as their decided opinion that it must
ere this have terminated.

2. Whether terminated at this time or
not, Iheue can be no doubt in the mind of
any reasonable man, that it must terminate
eventually in favour of the British. The
British entered upon this war with great re-
luctance, but with a full determination, after
it should have been commenced, to prose-
cute it to a successful result. Their ability
to do this, and the necessity of their doing
it, in order to maintain their control over
their immense territories in India, cannot
for a moment admit of a question.

3. The mode in which the w'arbas been

•

1825.] / ^isc

carried on iiy the Birraans, v. ou\d lead us
to expect :hat nothing but the entire .sub-
jugation of their country will accomplish
the purpose of inflicting that salutary dis-
cipline for which, on the part of the Bri-
tish, it was commenced. Should this be
the case, it may be anticipated, that the
whole of the Birmese territory will be under
British Jaw ; and hence a more effectual
door opened for the dissemination of the
Gospel than at any preceding period.

4. So soon as the British have established
a government in Burmah, a printing press
will become absolutely necessary to them
for the purpose of disseminating laws, go-
vernment orders, &c. We believe that ours
is the only Birman press in existence, and
our missionaries the only men who are there
qualified to use it. They would, therefore,
be of great utility to the government, and
their labour would be of advantage to tbe
mission. Should these events transpire ac-
cording to our expectations, no men could
ever re-commence a mission under more en-
couraging auspices. It would seem, there-
fore, under such circumstances, that when
the brethren return, they should be so re-
inforced as to be able to pursue their la-
lour with the greatest possible advantage.

5. These circumstances seemed to the
Committee to render the services of such a
man as Mr. Boardman peculiarly desirable
to the mission at the present juncture. He
appeared to them qualified by Providence,
in an unusual manner, to be of essential
advantage at this re-commencement of la-
bour, and under circumstances in a great
measure novel. This would be particu-
larly the case if any thing unfortunate
should have occurred to our brethren at
Ava.

6. But supposing all these anticipations
to have been incorrect. Suppose the war
to be prolonged far beyond any expecta-
tion. No one will say tiiat the mission is
to be abandoned. And if it is not to be
abandoned, no reason could possibly be as-
signed which should delay Mr. Boardman's
sailing at the present time. He must learn
the language. Mr. Wade is in the neigh-
bourhood of Calcutta, and three Birmans
reside in his family. Here will be every
facility for preparation, which could be ac-
quired in Rangoon itself. Living will not
be more expensive there than here. There-
fore, after due deliberation, it was una-
nimously resolved, in a meeting of the
Committee in June last, that~Mr. B. should
sail by the first favourable opportunity for
Calcutta.

JOURNAL OF MR. WOI,F.

In March of last year, Mr. "Wolf was at
Moussul on the Tigris, near the seat of the
Vol. Vi, ~ 32

ELLANr. 249

ancient Nineveh. This city contains up-
ward of 30,000 inhabitants, consisting of
Turks, Kurds, Jews, Arabs, and Armenian
and Syrian Christians. The number of
Jewish families is about 200, and they have
here a high priest, a synagogue, and a col-
lege for young men. Mr. Wolf gives the
following account of his interview with the
chief Rabbi:

March 19, 1S24.— I went to the Jews to
speak of Jesus Christ, who is slow to anger,
and great in povt^er ; who hath his way in
the whirlwind and in the storm ; who rc-
buketh the sea, and maketh it dry j who
spared, in former times, Nineveh, that great
cUv, wherein were more than six-score
thousand persons, and also much cattle, i
called on Rabbi Mese, t!ie chief Rabbi of
Moussul : the Itabbies Jonas, Solomon, and
David were present, and I saluted them in
Hebrew.

I. Peace be with you, and your Sabbath
be peace.

Rabbles. The peace of Messiah, the peace
of Jerusalem.

Rabbi Jonas. (Addressing himself to me.)
Do you come perchance from the river
Scuubation, to bring us good tidings of th*^
Messiah !

/. No river Sambation is in existence,
but 1 come here to bring you good tidings.

Junas. From what land do you now come

/. I come from the land of Israel, from
Jerusalem, and Aleppo.

Jonas. What do our brethren at Jerusa-
lem say of the Messiah ; will he soon come '
There, in Palestine, they must know some-
thing : we always look toward Palestine.

/. Alas ! our brethi-en at Jerusalem know
but little of the tru3 Messiah : I conversed
with them much concerning Him, in whotu
I trust that he will have mercy on his peo-
ple, and soon come again ; and of whom I
trust tha' he will come, that he shall come,
that he shall not tarry : Amen !

Have you never read the Gospel of Jesus
Christ, who was crucified for our sins at Je-
rusalem, and who is the true Messiah ; who
is the feiiow of the Lord of Hosts, against
whom his sword av/aked ? It is true, that
tribulations lie very heavy upon men ; their
mnid is often cast down in the time of mi-
sery, but as soon hs you shall begin to fee!
a god^y sorrow for your sins — as soon as
you shall begin to feel the burden of your
spiritual misery as strongly as you feel the
burden of your temporal misery, then the
tiijie, the hour of your redemption will be
nigh, and the clouds of your misery will
pass away ; for you shall see that Jesus,
and none but Jesus, is ruighty to i-ave !

Rabbi Solomcn. My grandfather, a grea:

diseiple oftUe w ise mtn, peace be upon him,
%vas very anxious to know the contents of
the Gospel ; he therefore bought an Arabic
Gospel from a Christian priest, and copied
the whole of it with Hebrew characters, in
order that the disciples of the wise might
read and examine it in the college. He read
it continually, and when he died, he left it
as an heritage to the college, but none hi-
therto have followed his example. I shall
now read it, and I will compare it with the
Hebrew translation which you have given
to me !

Habbi Solomon is the master of the Jew-
ish college at Moussul, and a gentleman
sixty years of age : iet us hope that the
children of Israel, in the literal Nineveh,
v/ill soon hear the voice of Him who is
greater than Jonas.

A great many other Jews of respectability
then called on me at the residence of the
Syrian bishop, and read the Hebrew Gospel
in the presence of the Syrian bishop, and
many other Syrians, and explained to the
Syrians the meaning of it in Arabic : my
brethren expounded the Gospel to Chris-
tians ! The Syrian bishop, who is a very
sensible man, said, that they had never seen
such a traveller as I am, and never saw such
a scene before. He desired me to leave
with him a Hebrew Testament, that he
might give it to some Jew when he had an
opportunity. I gave him one.

On the Sabbath Mr. W. attended at the
Syrian church. He speaks thus of the ser-
vice :

I heard two sermons preached in the Sy-
rian church ; there was more of the Gospel
io them than I had expected. The preacher
tirst made the sign of the cross, saying,

In the name of the Father, the Son, and
the Holy Spirit," and than all the people re-
peated these words. He took his text from
Isaiah liii. 3. The sufferings of Christ
were described in the most affecting man-
ner. He said, " I imagine I see the Lord
from heaven on the cross, the nails in his
bands, the bitter gall in his mouth. Lord,
how much didst thou suffer for us !" The
congregation repeated the words, " Lord,
how much didst thou suffer for us !" The
preacher went on — "and all this he suffered
to redeem us from the torments of hell I
Lord, save us from the torments of hell !"
The congregation interrupted the preacher,
and exclaimed, "Lord, save us from the
torments of hell 1" After this the joy of the
saints in Paradise was described ; and here
reference was made to the fathers. The
preacher closed his sermon with the excla-
mation, " Lord, suffer us to enter the gates
of Paradise." The people repeated, " Lord,
suffer us to enter the gates of Paradise."

ADDRESS fO THE WTASDOT CHIEFS.

The following is the address ■>( the Su-
perintendent of the Indian department at
Washington to the Wyandot chitfs. The
sentiments which it breathes do honour to
our national government :
Department of War— Office of Indian. iff airs ^
25th Mujch, \82L

Friends and Brothers, — Your talk to
your great father, the President of the
United States, of the 7th month, has been
received, and read by him.

Brothers — Your great father takes his
Wyandot children by the hand. He
thanks them for their greeting of health
and peace, and oilers 30U in return his
best wisiies for your prosperity and happi-
ness.

Brothers — Your great father is very
much pleased to hear o/your improvement,
and especially that you are learning to re-
verence the Great Spirit, and to read his
Avord, and obey its directions. Follow
what that word directs, and you will be a
happy people.

Brothers — Your great father takes a deep
interest, as you do yourselves, in the prospe-
rity of your children. They will be certain
to grow up in wisdom, if you continue to
teach them how to serve the Great Spirit,
and conduct themselves well in this world.
In ail tiiis the word of the Great Spirit should
be your guide. You must teach them to
love peace ; to love one another ; to be
sober ; you must instruct them how to
plough the ground, sow the seed, and reap
the harvest : you must teach them how to
make implements of husbandry, and for all
the mechanic arts : your young women
you must teach to spin, and make your
clothes, and to manage your household ;
your young men to labour in the shops,
and in the fields ; and to bring home ail
that you may need for the support of your
families. Add to all this the fear and love
of the Great Spirit, and obedience to his
word, and be at peace with one another,
and you will be a happy people.

Brothers — Your great father is glad that
you have so good a man as the Rev. Mr.
Finley among you. Listen to his words.
Follow his advice. He will instruct you
in all these things.

Brothers— Your great father will never
use force to drive you from your lands.
What Gov. Cass told you, your great fa-
ther will see shall be made good. The
strong fence which he promised you at the
treaty of Fort Meigs should be put around
your lands and never be broken down,
never shall be, by force or violence. But
your great father will not compel you to

1825.]

M1SCELLA^"V.

251

remain where you are, if you think it bet-
ter, at any time, to settle elsewhere.

Brothers — On this part of your talk,
your great father directs me to send you a
small book which Mr. Finley will read and
explain to you. You will see from it >vhat
his views are on the subject of making the
Indians a great and happy people. But he
■will never force you into the measure, but
will leave it to your own discretion. As
reasonable children, he thinks you will see
a great deal of reason in this small book,
and that your best interests are connected
with a compliance with what it recom-
mends. But be happy, and fear nothing
from your great father. He is your friend,
and will never permit you to be driven
away from your lands. He never will fall
on a poor helpless red child and kill it be-
cause it is weak. His heart is not made of
such cruelty. He would rather protect and
defend it, and care the more for it because
of its helplessness.

Brothers — Your great father greets you
as his children, and bids me tell you, you
will find him in all things kind and merci-
ful unto you. He sends you his be^t wish-
es for your improvement and happiness.
Your friend and brother,

(Signed) Th. L. Mc Kenxet.

Revival nt Carey, — The Rev. Isaac M'Coy,
the Baptist missionary who is stationed at
Carey, among the Pottowuttomies, one hun-
dred miles northwest of Fort Wayne, (Ind.)
in a letter to a friend, inserted in the Bap-
tist Magazine for August, says :

You have heard of the grace that has
been experienced in our family and neigh-
bourhood since last summer. The fruit that
has been gathered of this good work has
been eight white men in our employ, eleven
of our Indian pupih, an aged Pottowatto-
mie Chief, and an elderly Poltowattomie
woman Another of our pupils was some
time ago approved by the cliurch, but he

fears that he is not good enougli to be
baptized and on account of these scru-
ples his baptism has been delayed. His de-
portment and conversation ore very satis-
factory. There are others of our nei;;h-
bours who, Ave believe, are serious. In onr
family, however, the religious excitement
seems to have abated, while prospects in
relation to the neighbours are rather im-
proving than otherwise. Greater numbers
assemble to hear preaching than formerly.

Our young Indian converts continue a
weekly prayer-meeting, which they intro-
duced some months since. Some of the
larger males assist us materially in our mis-
sionary labours among the natives ; parti-
cularly as interpreters,, and in praving in
public ^vnr.<?hin, kr. '

Extraordinary Liberality. — No man in the
United States ever contributed so generous-
ly, in proportion to his means, for the sup-
port of foreign and domestic missions, as
Mr. Solomon Goodell, who died at Jamai-
ca, Vt., in September, 1815, aged about 70.
A particular account of this extraordinary
man is given in the Missionary Herald for
August. He was a plain, hard-working
farmer, in moderate circumstances, and
earned his property by severe personal la-
bour on a small farm, situated on one of
the rudest spots in the Green Mountains.
The farm, and all the improvements upon
it, including the house, were worth only be-
tween 700 and 1000 dollars. Yet, under
these circumstances, Mr. Goodell contrived
by steady industry, and strict frugality, not
only to support his fitmily, but to contribute
princely sums in religious charity.

About the year 1800, he gave §100 to the
Connecticut Missionary Society, and con-
tinued to send a donation of the same
anjount at the return of each successive
year for a considerable period. When the
American Board of Foreign Missions com-
menced its operations in 1812, Mr, Good-
ell, of his own accord, and without solicita-
tion, subscribed $500 for the immediate use
of the Board, and $1000 towards a perma-
nent fund. But this was not all. Between
Feb. 6, 1812, and the time of his death, a
period of only three years and a half, bis
donations in aid of foreign missions, as ac-
knowledged in the Panoplist, and including
the sums above mentioned, amounted to
{§3,686. At the same time that he contri-
buted so generously for the spread of the
Gospel among the heathen, Mr. G. also gave
liberally for the support of domestic mis-
sions, aiid aided in the education of several
pious young men for the ministry.

Mr. G. was a Baptist, yet be gave his
njoney cheerfully to the support of other
denominations. Indeed, it wi!! be perceived^
from the facts mentioned above, that his re-
ligious charities were committed principally
to societies composed of Congregationalists
or Presbyterians.

" It is not often," says the Missionary He-
rald, " in this world so sadly alienated froui
God, that a nobler spectacle is presented,
tlian that of a hard-working man, unsolicit-
ed, uninvited, acting from deliberate con-
viction of duty, and the steady force of re-
ligious principle, setting about the sale of
his scanty agricultural products, and col-
lecting the small sums due to him, till the
aggregate forms a respectable amount ; and
tlien, instead of adding to his farm, or pan-
dering to his r.nimal gratifications, or hoard-
ing his treasure for future contingencies, or
making a rustic display of good cheer and
free living ; instead of aiiy of these things,
Av!)ich would seem so desirable to his frieiuU

252

MISCELLANY.

[Aug.

and associates, £,oiiig- with his accumulated
gains, and cheerfully offering them all to his
Divine Master and Lord, in the hope of
communicating a knowledge of the Gospel
to distant idolaters. The world may talk
of greatness ; but what is the greatness of
the poet, the orator, the warrior, the states-
man, or even of the patriot, compared to
this?"

The Bible in Jsfeic- Jersey. — A few weeks
ago, we stated, on the authority of a writer
in the American Journal, published in
Princeton, N. J., that there was a spot with-
in a few miles from Princeton, where, in
one day's walk, thirty families liave recent-
ly been found who had no Bibles, and were
too poor to purchase them: and we ex-
pressed a hope that the publication of this
tact would stimulate the good people of
New- Jersey to spirited efforts for the sup-
ply of their destitute population with the
v;ord of life. The Methodist Recorder,
published at Trenton, copies our article and
appends to it the following note. — JV. F. Obs.

[We have been requested to state, that if
tlic writer of the article referred to in the
preceding paragraph, will leave the names
of the thirty families, destitute of the Bi-
ble, to be found in one day's walk, at the
office of the " Methodist Recorder," they
will be furnished with the loord of life, with-
in a fortnight.] This is as it should be.

Worcester Liberality, — A meeting of
friends of the Bible Society, was called a
few days since, in Worcester, (Mass.) to
listen to the communications of the dele-
gates from the American Bible Society ap-
pointed to visit that part of the country.
We understand that addresses were deli-
vered on the occasion, by the delegates, and
by S. V. S. Wilder, Esq. after which a hand-
some collection was taken up, and before
the delegates left the village, more than six
hundred dollars had been contributed by its
inhabitants to the funds of the Society !

The London Baptist Magazine, for June,
announces the death of the Rev. John Ry-
land, D.D. L.L.D. President of the Bristol
College and Senior Secretary to the Baptist
Missionary Society. He died at Bristol on
the 25th of May, in the 73d year of his age.
A friend in this city, who was personally
acquainted with this venerable man, has
furnished us with the following brief sketch
for our paper.

H€ had sustained the Ministerial charac-
ter for 57 years, and was honoured by his
Master with eminent success in attaching
sinners to the throne, the cross, and the
Church of Christ. D.-. Ryland had for 31
v<»ar« hem President of the College — and

in that important situation, he advanced the
interests of literature and religion by the
energies of his powerful intellect, the pro-
found depth of his erudition, and the illus-
trious display of Christian grace which his
character afforded. It was the distinguished
honour of this man of God, that he laid the
foundation stone of the Baptist Mission,
aided by Fuller, Carey, Hogg, and Sut-
cliffe.

The cause of Missions, he felt to be the
cause of God. To this worthy object, he
directed ail the powers of his capacious
mind. Peninsular India was ever in his
thoughts ; for it he wrote, he prayed, he
preached, he travelled, and he wept. Never
did a man more ardently devote himself to
any object, than did the venerable President
to the evangelization of British India.

The address at his grave was made by
the Rev. Dr. Rippon ; and the funeral ser-
mon was preached by the Rev. Robert Hall.

JV'. Y. Obs.

Independence of Hayti, — By the arrival of
the Rebecca & Sally, in a short passage from
Port-au-Prince, intelligence has been re-
ceived that France has at length acknow-
ledged the independence of this beautiful
island. The government of Hayti has
agreed to pay France for the recognition,
and for some commercial privileges, the
sum of one hundred and fifty millions of
francs, (nearly thirty millions of dollars.)

EXTRAORDINARY MUNIFICENCE.

A paragraph has lately gone the rounds
of the papers announcing that a gentleman
of Virginia had emancipated upwards of
eighty slaves, and chartered a vessel to send
them, at his own expense, to Hayti ; but
without giving the name of the author of so
distinguished an act of munificence. We
think it due to justice to supply this defi-
ciency, and to add the following facts which
have been communicated to us by gentlemen
familiar with them, as well as by Capt.
Russel, one of the owners of the brig Han-
nah & Elizabeth, of Baltimore, the vessel
chartered.

The gentleman who has thus distinguish-
ed himself is Mr, David Mingk, of Charles
City Co. living near Sandy Point, on James
river. Capt. Russel informs that there
were put on board the Hannah & Elizabeth
eighty-seven coloured people, of different
ages, from three months to forty years,being
all the slaves which Mr. M. owned except
two old men whom he had likewise manu-
mitted, but who being past service he re-
tains and supports them. The value of
these negroes, at the prices now going,
mieht be estimated at about fwenty-six

MISCELLANY.

253

tliousand dollars ! — and Mr. Minge expend-
ed previous to their embarkation, about
1200 dollars in purchasing piouglis, bocs,
iron, and other articles of husbandry for
them, besides providing them with several
suits of clothes to each, provisions, groce-
ries, cooking utensils, anu everything which
he supposed thej might require for their
comfort during the passage, and for their
use after their arrival out — He also paid
§1600 for the charter of the vessel.

But Mr. Mingo's munificence does not
end here — On tbe bank of the river, as they
■were about to go on board, he had a peck of
dollars brought down, and calling them all
aroiuid him under a tree, distributed the
hoanJ among them in such sums and undor
such regulations that each individual did, or
would receive seven dollars. By this provi-
sion Mr. M. calculated that his emigrants
would be enabled to commence the cultiva-
tion of the soil imraediaiely after their
arrival, without beir)g dept ndtnt on Presi-
dent Eoyer for. any favour whatever, unless
the permission to improve the government
lands might be so considered.

Mr. Minge is about 24 or 25 years of
age, unmarried and unencumbered in every
respect : possesses an ample fortune, and
has received the benefits of a colh giate
education at Harvard University. He as-
signed no other motive for having freed his
slaves, and for his subsequent acts of gene-
rosity towards them, than that he conceived
it would be doing a service to his country to
send them out of it : that they had all been
good servants, but that he was rich enough
without them.

METHODIST INDIAN MISSION'S.

From the sixth annual report of the
Methodist Missionary Society, inserted in
the Methodist Magazine for July, we have
collected the following information res-
pecting the present state of the Indian mis-
sions supported by the Methodists of this
country.

Mohawk Mission. — The Mission among
the Mohawks, on the Grand River in Up-
per Canada, continues to prosper, the
school being wel' attended, and the society
among the adult Indians is increasing in
number and -itability. One converted chief,
who can speak both in the Indian and Eng-
lish tongue, promises great usefulness as a
native preacher.

IVyandott Mission. — The managers have
received a very interesting communication
from Bishop Soule, ccicerning the present
prosperous state of the Wyandott mission.
It is sufficient to state here, that the anti-
cipations of the Christian community res-

pecting the good effects of the Gospel
among these people have been fully real-
ized. The converted chiefs continue to
edify their brethren by their godly example,
and to encourage Hheiv hopes by prayers
and exl.ortations. Their example indeed
has " provoked others to love and kind
works," and the gracious work is extending
among some of the neighbouring tribes.

Cherokee Missioii. — There are three
missionary -stations among the Cherokee
Indians, called the Lp|/er, Lower, and
Middle Cherokee missions. The board
have received no official information from
either of these missions.

Choctaw Mission. — A mission was esta-
blished by the Mississippi conference at its
last session, among the Chocta^v Indians,
under the superintendence of the Rev.
William Winans. No particulars respect-
ing this mission are given in the report.

Creek Mission. — Of the Asbury mission
among the Creek Indians, the board do not
say much of an encouraging nature. The
school, however, continues to present hopes
of ultimate success, while most of the adult
Indians refuse to hearken to the Gospel.
There are seven members of the church,
and it is hoped that a patient perseverance
in well doing will eventually overcome
every impediment, and succeed in esta-
blishing the triumphs of evangelical truth
and holiness, even among these untractable
people.

The receipts 'of the Society during the
past year amounted to $4140 ; of this sum
S3399 were received from auxiliary socie-
ties : $292 from collections; $180 from
donations, and $136_from Annual and
Life Subscribers.

Rev. Mr. Irving.

One of the editors of the New-York
Daily Advertiser, now in London, thus
speaks of this celebrated preacher.

On Sunday I went to hear the Rev. Mr.
Irving. He preaches in a very small cha-
pel at present, but a new building is erect-
ing for him. I listened attentively to a
sermon of upwards of an hour in length.
His mannerof preaching I was not pleased
with. I think him very awkward- He
kreps both hands moving constantly
and his fingers bent the whole time as
though he was holding something in his
hands. His articulation is distinct, but at
times he is so slow and apparently embar-
rassed that he fatigues. There is nothing
like passion about him. or eloquence ; but
he is what I call a cold preacher — yet I was
much pleased with parts of his sermon

JkllSCELLANir*

•which were full of plain illustrations, taking
his hearers into places wiih u hicli many of
them were familiar, and making compari-
sons betweiMi temporal and spiritual things
in a clear and perspiciltus style.

Mr. Hume. — An intimate friend of the
infidel Hume, asked him what he thought
of Mr. VVhitefield's preaching, lor he had
listened to the latter part of one of his ser-
mons at Edinburgh. He is, Sir," said
Hume, "the most ingenious preacher i ever
beard. It is worth while to go twenty
miles to hear iiim." He then repeated a
passage towards tbe close of that discourse
■which he heard. " After a solemn pause,
lie thu-< addressed his numerous audience :
•The aU,' ndaut angel is just about to leave
the threshold, and ascend to heaven ; and
shall he ascend, and not bear with him the
news of one sinner among all this multi-
tude, reclaimed Irom the error of his
ways ?'

** To give the greater effect to this ex-
clamation, he stamped with his foot, lifted
up his hands and eyes to heaven, and with
gushing tears, cried aloud, ' Stop, Gabriel !
Stop,, Gabriel ! Stop ere you enter the sacred
portals, and yet carry with you the news
©f one sinner converted to God.' He then,
in the most simple, but energetic language,
described what he called a Saviour's dying
love to sinful man; so that almost the whole
assembly melted into tears. This address
•was accompanied with such animated yet
natural action, that it surpassed any thing I
ever saw or heard in any other preacher."
Happy had it been for poor Hume had he
received what h*- then heard " as the word
of God, and not as the word of man."

Revival in Bath. — A letter to the edi-
tor of the Maine Baptist Herald states,
that the revival in Bath commenced about
the last of February ; that it has been
confined mostly to the youth ; and that
Jijiy-seven persons-have been baptized.

Anniversaries in Liberia. — Three an-
niversaries are celebrated by the Colonists
in Liberia; 1. Tke Fourth of July, the
birth-day of the Independence of the world.
2. The 17th of May, the day when the
confederated Kings ceded to them the lands
they occupy. 3. The day when they tri-
umphed over those who had determined on
their extirpation.

The Baptist Evangelical Tract Society of
Boston has published, during the past year,
66,000 Tracts. The whole number pub-
lished by this Society since its institution,

is about 532,000.
about $750.

Receipts during theyear^

MISSION TO MK.SOPOTAMIA AND ASSYRIA.

On the expediency of e.>-tablishing a mis-
sion in this part of Asia, Mr. Wolf, has
the following remarks :

The establishment of a mission in Me-
sopotamia and Assyria would, no doubt, be
connected wuh many difficuities ; but it is,
however, not impossible. It would be diffi-
cult, on account of tbe Kurds, who are all
over the country, and who would lay many
difliculties in the way of a missionary car-
rying Bibles from one p'ace to another j
fur they would exact a heavy tribute from
the missionary. But in the first instance,
on account of the igt-orance of the Jews,
in the villages of Mesopotamia, it would be
useless to bring them a grt at quantity of
Bibles. Ti;e> must first be taught the
ABC, and a missionary might easily es-
tablish himself at Moussul, where be may
either lodge with the Syrians, or take
a house from the Pasha of Moussul,
from which place he might easily make
an excursion to Sanjaar, Jallakha, Mer-
deen, &c. in the company of a cara-
van. But on such an excursion, he should
strictly follow thegospe! directions, in pro-
viding neither gold, nor silver, nor brass,
in his purse ; nor scrip for his journey,
neither two coats, neither shoes, nor yet
staves ;" for if he does, the Kurds will take
all from him. Going thus, he will be well
received in the housr of a Jew, or even of
a Kurd, and may teach both Jews and
Kurds to read and to write, and then he
may return to Moussul. On his excursion
from Moussul to Alkush, and Harkub,
Kofri, &c. the road would be quite safe,
and even at Moussul itself he would have
a wide field for his labours. The Papists
had establishments even at Merdeen and
Moussul. Let u.s, therefore, begin in the
name of the Lord, and in his strength, and
we shall surely succeed. The Papists have
given up their establishment at Moussul
and Merdeen, 1 do uot know the reason of
it.

Some Catholics called to-day on me, and
said, that they heard I came to this coun-
try with a firman agair st the Catholics. I
said to them, " The gospel is my only fir-
man against you."

It would be highly desirable that the Bri-
tish and Foreign Bible Society should pro-
cure a Chaldean Translation of tbe Bible.
The Chaldean language, which is different
from the Syriac, is spoken among the Nes-
torians in the mountains, and is called Fal-
lakhia, for Fallakh signifies village, and
this language is spoken among the villagers,

MlbCELLAlW.

255

who do not understand Arabic. The
NestoriaMs also call this language Turani,
from Tui (Mountain,) for they live upon
the mountains. 1 understand the language
pretty well, and 1 rejoiced to learn that
the late Mr. Rich, who, akhough dead,
still lives in the hearts of the inhabitants
of Mesopotamia and Assyria, has bought
a manuscript of the whole Bible in Chal-
dee, Mrs. Rich has, probably, carried
the manuscript to England.

IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS.

Choose God for your portion, remem-
ber that he is the only happiness of an im-
mortal soul. The soul that was made for
God can find no happiness but in God j it
came from God, and can never be happy
but by returning to him again, and resting
in him. God is all-sufficient ; get him for
your portion and you have all ; then you
have infinite wisdom to direct you, infinite
tnowledge to teach you, infinite love to
care for and comfort you, and infinite pow-
er to protect and keep you. If God be
yours, aUhis attributes are yours ; alibis
creatures, all his works of Providence,
shall do you good, as you have need of
them. He is on eternal, full, satisfactory
portion. He is an ever living, ever loving,
ever present frier.d ; and without Him you
are accursed in every condition, and all
things will work apinst you.

Consider, that ^jy nature you are dead
in trespasses and sif)s ; a child of wrath, a
stranger, and an enemy to God ; while you
are such, the thoughls of God are ter. ible
to you ; you can expect nothing from him
but wrath and ever'asting burnings. God
is ever angry wifti the wicked ; His
holiness hates all sin ; llis all-seeing eye
beholds it, and His justice will punish it.

Consider, thai Chris', alone is your way
to God. Justification, pardon, acceptance
with God, is by faith in ilim alone. Sancti-
fication and a new nature, are by the pow-
er of His Spirit alone. l£t Christ there-
fore be precious to youi souls. Labour
for true faith in him ; take Him for your
Lord and Saviour ; strive to submit to his
commands in all things ; and rest your
soul upon him alone for rccoaciliation and
peace with God.

The two Osage Indians, Mad Buffalo and
Little Eagle, who were under sentence of
death at Little Rock, (Ark.) for ibe murder
of Major Welborn, and others, in 1822,
have been pardoned by the President of the
U. States.

Theological Seminary at Jlkxanilria. —
From the report of the Trustees of this Se-
minary to the Episcopal Convention of Vir-
ginia, it appears that it has now 21 students,
and three professors ; and that a fourth pro-

fessorship is soon to be filled. No buildings
have yet been erected. During tlie meeting
of the convention, more than 1,00U dollars
were added to the lunds of the Seminary

A Clergyman^s Life. — To a person who
regretted to the celebrated Dr. bamuel
Johnson that he had not been a clergyn»an,
becau.-e he considered the life of a clergy-
man an easy and comfortable one, the
Doctor made this memorable reply. " The
life of a conscientious ciergyinan is not
easy. 1 have always considered a clergy-
man as the father of a larger family than
he is able to maintain. No, Sir, I do not
envy a clergyman's life, as an easy life ;
nor do I envy the clergyman who makes it
an easy life."

AFRICAN COLONY.

If this colony shall prosper, as it proba-
bly will, though it is too distant to have
much effect in reducing the number of the
free coloured population in the United
States, which was the original design of it,
it may have a happy efiect on the neighbour-
ing nations or tribes in that quarter of the
world, and become highly valuable to us on
account of the commerce which it will af-
ford. Coffee, cotton, and rice grow here as
natives, and may be cultivated to any ex-
tent. With these rich staples for exports,
and a soil capable of producing abundant
supplies of grain, what mighty results may
be hoped for, when this colony of civilized
blacks shall acquire power to command the
respect of the adjacent inhabitants, forbid
the slave trade, and enter into treaties with
the European and American nations ; all
these things may happen in less than fifty
years, and possibly at an earlier period ;
and the hope of spreading light through this
dark land, siiouhl make us zealous for the
success of the project,, notwithstanding it
may not materially affect the design foe
which the colony was established. The
present colonists are healthy, and appear to
be prosperous — and will be joined by others
as fast, perhaps, as the general good will
admit of. A very rapid accession of popu-
lation cannot be otherwise than injurious,
as destructive of those fruits which expc"
rience has reared for the safety of persons
and property. Jiiks''s Register.

LOVE TO CHRIST EXPRESSED BY A DYING
INFANT.

" A little child was asked, when dying,
where it was going? "To heaven," said
the child. "And what makes you wish to
be there ?" said one. " Because Christ is
there," said the child. "But," said a friend,
"what if Christ should leave heaven?"
" Well, ' said the child, " I will go with
him." Some time before its departure, it
expressed a wish to have a golden crown.

2o(j

COXTRIBUTIOXS.

[Aug.

when it died. And what will you do,"
said one, "with the golden crown ?" "I
will take the crown," said the child, " and
cast it at the 'eet of Christ."

How pleasant to remark the effects of

grace in little children, and to view them,
in their dying moments, bearing an honour-
able testimony to the preciousness of
Christ, and the excellence of religion !
Matt. xxi. 15.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE UNITED FOREIGN MISSIONARY SOCIETY,

During the Month of July, 1825.

$5 00
5 00

12 00

12 00
2 00

1 00

From Samuel Hopkins, Esq. of Alba-
ny,

Donation from a friend to Missions,
From Miss Beckman of New- York,

2d Payment for Thomas Scott,
The lat Payment for educating an
Indian child, to be named Ro-
bert Smith Chew, through the Rev.
S. B. Wilson, of Fredericksburg,
Va.,

From Rev. J. Vail, a Donation,
From a Lady in Newark, N. J. by

Rev. Mr. Hamilton,
l^ound in a package of Clothing, from

the Miss. Soc. of Littleton, N. J.,
From Rev. J. Hunting,
From Rev. L. H.,

From Aux. Soc. of Bridgetown, N. J.
by Levi Stratton, Esq.,

From Joseph Nourse, Esq. Wash-
ington, D, C. to constitute his son
Maj. Charles I. Nourse, a life
member.

From Young People's Aux. Miss.
Soc. of Bethlehem, Orange Co.,
(collected in part at a public meet-
ing on the 4th of July,) by Rev. S.
H. Cox,

From Young Ladies of the 1st Presb.
Ch. Brooklyn, L. I. for the educa-
tion of an Indian child at Catarau-
gus, to be called As&hel Nettleton, 12 00

From Aux. Soc. of Ghent, by the
Rev. Mr. Wynkocp,

The 3d Payment for Philip Dod-
dridge, by Mrs. Mary Anna King,
of Washington, D. C.

The 2d Payment for a child at
Cataraugus, by Miss E. Nitchie,
of New- York, 12 00

From Ladies of the Central Presb.
Ch. i^eie-York, the 1st Payment
for two Indian children, to be call-
ed Henry Gilbert Ludlow, and
William Patton, 24 00

From the Teachers of Sab. Sch.
Presb. Ch. Wall-st. New-York,
4th Payment for Mary Ludlow at
Harmony,

From Aux. Soc. of Holidaysburgh,
by Rev. James Galbraith,

From Aux. Soc. of Berwick, Colum-
bia Co., Pa. by Alexander Brooks,
Treasurer,

IG 00

30 00

23 50

15 00

12 00

12 00
3 00

r. on

From Aux. Soc. of W^oodbury, N. J.

by Miss Maria Ogden, Secretary, 11 00

From Aux. Soc. of Millstone, N. J.
by Mr. John R. Davidson,

From Aux. Soc. of Bridgeport, Pa.,
by Mr. Stephen Hawley, Secre-
tary,

From Aux. Soc. of Cutchogue, L. I.,

by Rev. Latiirop Thomson,
From Month. Con. Trinity Presb.

Ch. Manlius, N. Y., by Rev. He-

zekiah N. Woodruff,
From Joseph Denny's estate, for Mr.

Otis Sprague of Harmony, by Mr.

James A. Denny,
Fiom Aux. Soc. of Pleasant Valley>

N. J., by Mr. John M. Sherrerd,

P. M., Treasurer,
From Miss. Soc. of Northuinberland,

Pa., by W. H. Sanderson, 85 00

From Female Society of New-York,

for educating Heather Youth, by

Mrs. Lelhbridge, Tressffrer,
From John Adams, Esq. New-York,

a Donation,
From Miss. Soc, of Greenwich, N.

J., by L. Houghowoit,
From Deacon John M'Clay, Ship-

pcnsburgh, Pa.,
From Month. Con. Stippensburgh,

Pa., by Rev. H. U. Wilson,
From Aux. Soc. Lid Run, Center

Co., Pa. by Mr. Jimes Linn,
From Rev. John Kr.ox,
From Presb. Con. Bridgetown, West

New Jersey, by Rev. B. Hoff,
From Aux. Soc. of Hacketstown, by

A. De Witt, Jr.,
From Bethesda Church, York Dis-
trict, S. C, by Rev. Robert Wal-
ker, through J. Cornmg, Esq.,
From Piesb. Ch. Fishing Creek,

Chester Djstrict, S. C, by Rev.

John E Davies, through do..
From Cornelius Heyer, Esq., N. Y.,
From Evar;gelical Miss. Soc. Parsi-

panny, N. J., by Miss Jane W.

Howell,

From Executors of the late Mrs.

Hannaii Fish of Corn v/all. Orange

Co., N. Y., (a bequest,)
From Secretary of War, Quarterly

allowance up to July 1st, 600 00

13 00

15 00
4 00

24 00

30 00

15 oe

49 00

50 00

6 25

5 00

5 00

15 00
5 00

15 00

5 00

[3 00

30 00
10 00

19 04

25 00

$1254 79

4l

I