AMERICAN
SAM
m ]
id' -r {
^
Do justly love mercy walk
Humbly with thy God^
Sarah Bancrofts V^ork i7>d- ♦
•'SSV ij
^
1
i'-:
KM
iUxlnixxxi xxi
"^^
Mdkdm
JitilWrnnnam
iO^O loO VJUWWXJL £A^i>vcrW ^ttWOtiL
AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Copyright hy
Massachusetts Society
OF the
Colonial Dames of America
\
LoARA Standish's SAMPLER. Plymouth, Mass. Cir. 1640
Pilgrim Hall, Plymouth
Plate presented by Mrs. William L. McKee
^
AMERICAN
SAMPLERS
BY
ETHEL STANWOOD BOLTON
and EVA JOHNSTON COE
,|uwx-^/z J2:-:4.t.-.57Gy/c=;;/;;>/3 ^liSi
\ abcde^"•^lv>;khTino•pqr^tu•vxvyxv^: i*-^^
THE MASSACHUSETTS SOCIETY OF THE
COLONIAL DAMES OF AMERICA .-. 1921
I
I
%
^^i^^^'i^^^^^^^i^^^i^i^^^^^'^'^'^^^^^^^^f^^^^i^i^i^^i^^^%
I t> o> ^ d
J^
66
THOMAS TODD COMPANY
PRINTERS
14 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass.
PI>ATE I
AxxE Gower's Sampler. Salem, Mass. About 1610
Owned bij the Esue.c Institute
PREFATORY NOTE
IN preserving the memory of our ancestors, their domestic virtues
have been scantily recorded, a neglect which demands attention.
Unable to answer many inquiries for publications on early Amer-
ican needlework, the Massachusetts Society of the Colonial Dames
took upon itself the task of remedying in part this neglect. Consider-
ing samplers to be the primary basis and training school of American
needlework in the early days of the Nation, our associates have col-
lected materials and discussed needlework in this volume.
With the wish to make this work national and not local, an appeal
for aid was made to our sister societies, which brought prompt and
generous response. Through their cooperation, this volume contains
contributions from many of the societies of the Colonial Dames in the
United States and from many interested friends. The New Jersey
Society, through its chairman, Mrs. Trueman Clayton, has furnished
the largest number of descriptions outside of Massachusetts. Mrs.
Clayton worked untiringly, and her descriptions were so clear, not
only in matter but in chirography, that they were a delight to all who
used them.
The late Mrs. T. Harrison Garrett, of Baltimore, had gathered for
the Maryland Dames more than a hundred records of samplers from
that state, which were most welcome, as our collection of Southern
samplers was somewhat meager. The Connecticut and Kansas Socie-
ties, and many others, have responded to the best of their ability.
Mrs. Cyrus Walker, of California, spent one of her summers in
northern Maine, collecting and photographing the samplers she found
there.
In March, 1920, the Rhode Island Historical Society arranged an
exhibit of samplers, partly from a local interest in such things and
partly to aid in the preparation of this book. It was under the direc-
tion of the librarian, Howard M. Chapin, Esq., of Providence, assisted
by a committee of the Society. It was a most successful affair, and
Hi
iv . AMERICAN SAMPLERS
brought together nearly three hundred samplers which would not
otherwise have come to our notice. Mrs. Powel, the acting president
of the Colonial Dames of Rhode Island, contributed to the book de-
scriptions of all the samplers in the exhibition.
In our own Society, Mrs. Edwin A. Daniels, of Boston, collected
a very large number of descriptions.
Mrs. Henry E. Coe, of New York, who has a wonderful collection
of her own, has added a very large number of descriptions, enhanced
by pictures taken with her kodak. Many friends have contributed
pictures, and to them our thanks are due. The Committee wishes that
it could reproduce in the book many more pictures of very real interest
which it has in its archives ; but it has felt, in choosing the illustrations,
that the pictures must be either typical or necessary to bring out some
point under discussion. Therefore, those only have been chosen which
exhibit American types or are interesting historically.
It is believed that there are here reproduced examples of most
of the various stitches and model patterns used in such needlework.
While many American samplers contain only the alphabet and
numerals, with added moral mottoes, yet others display such sense of
artistic feeling and tasteful ornamentation as merit attention.
The book is based upon some twenty-five hundred descriptions of
samplers w^hich have been collected by the Committee and its friends
during the last five years. We have also got together nearly four hun-
dred pictures of samplers that we felt might be especially interesting.
In addition, many other samplers have been seen. The Committee
believes that every book on needlework, ancient and modern, has been
searched in the hope of finding material. Of course, there are many
samplers that are not recorded here, for until one begins the search,
it is impossible to realize how busy the fingers of our young ances-
tresses were. We do feel, however, that we have collected enough to
have a good basis for our assertions.
In order to increase the value of this monograph, it seemed wise
to focus attention on that period in which sampler work was at its best,
and no samplers have been included of later date than 1830.
l«?^v^-v
a-5So-i^?^;
"m.
m^--^
^?1
PLATE II
Mary Hollixgsworth's Sajipler. Salem, Mass. Cir. 1665
Owned by the Essex Institute
PLATE III
Sarah Lord's Sajipler. 1668
Owned by Mrs. Thomas Sinnirkson, Jr.
AMERICAN SAMPLERS v
Although this volume comprises the work of many, the successful
consummation of the plan is due to the administrative ability, enthu-
siasm, and ready sympathy of Mrs. Barrett Wendell, President of the
Massachusetts Society of Colonial Dames.
Margaret Woodbridge Cushing,
For the Committee.
Newburyport, Massachusetts,
December, 1920.
Margaret Woodbridge Cushing
Ethel Stanwood Bolton
Georgianna West Perry
"He errs who thinks those hands were set
All spinster-like and cold
Who spelt a scarlet alphabet,
And birds of blue and gold,
And made immortal garden plots
Of daisies and forget-me-nots.
"The bodkins wove an even pace.
Yet these are lyrics too,
Breathing of spectral lawn and lace,
Old ardors to renew;
For in the corners love would keep
His fold among the little sheep."
John Drinkwater, "Samplers.'
CONTENTS
Prefatory Note
List of Illustrations
Seventeenth Century Samplers
Register of Samplers, 1600-1700
Eighteenth Century Samplers
Register of Samplers, 1700-1799
Nineteenth Century Samplers
Register of Samplers, 1800-1830
Sampler Verse, Containing a Letter from Barrett Wendell, Esq.
An Anthology of Sampler Verse, 1610-1830
Schools and Schoolmistresses
A List of Early Schools .
Materials, Designs, Stitches
Embroidered Heraldry
Register of Embroidered Arms
Index
Page
iii
vii
1
9
10
29
90
121
247
255
355
382
388
399
403
409
VI
■■■'v.-. . " >.-:-r-" v-X-ro-.Y ST-z-.-.-^-^-- ~- ¥> •-•••• ••• ^'' C^''
PLATE IV
Isabella Ercy's Sampler. 1675
Occned hji Daniel Penfon Hitchner, Esq.
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Cover. Sarah Bancroft's Sampler
Frontispiece. Loara Standish's Sampler
(Colored)
Plate I. Anne Gower's Sampler
Plate II. Mary Hollingsworth's Sampler
Plate III. Sarah Lord's Sampler
Plate IV. Isabella Ercy's Sampler
Plate Y. Elizabeth Robert's lace sampler
Plate VI. Elizabeth Robert's Sampler
(Colored)
Plate VII. Portrait of Elizabeth Robert
Plate VIII. Miles Fletwod Abigal Fletwood
Plate IX. Mary Hudson's Sampler
Plate X. Grace Toy's Sampler
Plate XI. Mary Daintery's Sampler
Plate XII. Mary or Martha Bulyn's Sampler
Plate XIII. Katherine Holden's Sampler
Plate XIV. Hannah Trecothick's Sampler
Plate XV. Mariah Deavenport's Sampler
Mary Parker's Sampler
Plate XVI. Ruth Haskell's Sampler
Plate XVII. Mary Ellis's Sampler
Plate XVIII. Elizabeth Pecker's Sampler
Plate XIX. Dorothy Lynde's Sampler
(Colored)
Plate XX. Mary Webb's Sampler
Plate XXI. Catherine Van Schaick's Sampler
Plate XXII. Sally Rea's Sampler
Plate XXIII. Margaret Calef's Sampler
Plate XXIV. Hannah Johnson's Sampler
Plate XXV. Grace Welsh's Sampler
Plate XXVI. Abigail Mears's Sampler
Plate XXVII. Betsy Adams's Sampler
Plate XXVIII. Sampler by an Unknown Girl
Plate XXIX. Frances Brenton's Sampler
Plate XXX. John Mason's Sampler
Plate XXXI. Rocksalana Willes's Sampler
Plate XXXII. Hannah Janney's Sampler
Plate XXXIII. Ann Buller's Sampler
Plate XXXIV. Margaret Ramsay's Sampler
Plate XXXV. Sally Munro's Sampler
Plate XXXVI. Jane Humphreys' Sampler
Plate XXXVII. Mary Clark's Sampler
Plate XXXVIII. Zebiah Gore's Sampler
Plate XXXIX. Sally Baldwin's Sampler
Plate XL. Loann Smith's Sampler
Plate XLI. Ann Macomber's Sampler
Plate XLII. Patty Coggeshall's Sampler
(Colored)
Plate XLIII. Lucy Warner's Sampler
Plate XLIV. Mary Traill's Sampler
Plate XLV. Eliza Cozzens's Sampler
Plate XLVI. Lydia Stocker's Sampler
(Colored)
Plate XLVII. Susan Lehman's Sampler
Plate XLVIII. Mary Hamilton's Sampler
Plate XLIX. Clarissa Emerson's Sampler
Plate L. Laura Bowker's Sampler
(Colored)
Plate LI. Lucy D. Stickney's Sampler
Plate LI I. Elizabeth Funk's Sampler
Plate LIII. Sophia Catherine Bier's Sampler
Plate LIV. Maria Lamborn's Sampler
Plate LV. Content Phillips's Sampler
Plate LVI. Sarah Dole's Sampler
Plate LVI I. Sarah Yeakel's Sampler
Plate LVIII. Ann Sophia Beckwith's Sampler
Plate LIX. Nancy Piatt's Sampler
Plate LX. Betty Brierley's Sampler
Plate LXI. Faith Walker's Sampler
Plate LXI I. Sarah F. Sweet's Sampler
Plate LXIII. Picture of William and Mary
College
Sarah: Donna: Leonora: Saunders
Plate LXIV. Emily Clark's Sampler
Plate LXV. Ann Watson's Sampler
Plate LXVI.
Elizabeth Jane Hosmer's Sampler
Plate LXVII. Eliza F. Budd's Sampler
Plate LXVI 1 1.
Sophia Stevens Smith's Sampler
(Colored)
Plate LXIX. Mary Gill's Sampler. Lace sam-
pler by an Ll^nknown Girl
Plate LXX. Elizabeth Ann Goldin's Sampler
Plate LXXI. Frances Wade's Sampler
Plate LXXI I. Sarah S. Caldwell's Sampler
Plate LXXIII. Margaret Moss's Sampler
(Colored)
Plate LXXIV. Hannah Loring's Sampler
Plate LXXV. Harriet Jones's Sampler
Plate LXXVI. Lucy P. Wyman's Sampler
Plate LXXVII. Elizabeth Mclntyre's Sampler
VII
VIU
AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Plate LXXVIII.
Hannah J. Robinson's Sampler
Plate LXXIX. Louisa Gauffreau's Sampler
Plate LXXX.
Mary Ann Fessenden Vinton's Sampler
Plate LXXXI. Eliza Pickets's Sampler
Plate LXXXII. Susan H. Munson's Sampler
Plate LXXXIII. Margaret Kerlin's Sampler
Plate LXXXIV. Fanny Rines's Sampler
Plate LXXXV.
Elizabeth A. Harwood's Sampler
Plate LXXXVI. The Down Family Record
Plate LXXXVII. Eliza Crocker's Sampler
Plate LXXXVIII. Sally Shattuck's Sampler
Plate LXXXIX. Nancy Wright's Sampler
Plate XC. Nabby Mason Peele
Plate XCI. Sally Witt's Sampler
(Colored)
Plate XCI I. C. Sanderson's Sampler
Plate XCIII. Martha Heuling's Sampler
Plate XCIV. Susana Cox's Sampler
Plate XCV. Lydia Burroughs's Sampler
Plate XCVI. Julia Knight's Sampler
Barberry Eagle's Sampler
Plate XCVII. Ann E. Kelly's Sampler
Plate XCVIII.
Sarah Catherine Moffatt Odiorne's Sampler
Plate XCIX. Nancy Hall's Sampler
Plate C. Nancy Winsor's Sampler
(Colored)
Plate CI. Lydia Church's Sampler
Plate CII. Hetty Lees' Sampler
Plate cm. Caroline Vaughan's Sampler
Plate CIV. Sally Johnson's Sampler
(Colored)
Plate CV. Elizabeth Stevens's Sampler
Plate CVI. Sukey Makepeace's Sampler
Plate CVII. Jane Merritt's Sampler
Plate CVIII. Nancy Baker's Sampler
Plate CIX. Mary Russell's Sampler
Plate ex. Ann Robins's Sampler
Plate CXI. Sarah Howell's Sampler
Ann Tatnall's Sampler
Plate CXII. Abigail Pinniger's Sampler
Ann Almy's Sampler
Plate CXIII. Appha Woodman's Sampler
Plate CXIV. Tryphenia Collins's Sampler
Plate CXV. Patty Kendall Sterling's Sampler
Plate CXVI. Julia Boudinot's Sampler
Plate CXVII. "Indian Pink"
Plate CXVI 1 1. "Strawberries and Acorns"
Plate CXIX. "Rose and Trefoil"
Plate CXX. "Some Sampler Stitches"
Plate CXXI. Hatchment of the Hon. George
Boyd
Plate CXXII. Hatchment of Governor Thomas
Fitch
Plate CXXIII. Embroidered Arms of the
Gilbert Family
Plate CXXIV. The Arms of E. Davis
(Colored)
Plate CXXV. Hatchment of the Ives Family
Plate CXXVI. Arms of the Hon. Harrison
Gray
AMERICAN SAMPLERS
SEVENTEENTH CENTURY SAMPLERS
THOSE who go fishing for whales in the ocean of the past, some-
times catch only sprats. Unfortunately, this is the result of
fishing in the past for the origin of the sampler. Not only
are sprats the only fish, but they are thin and very few. Just when
samplers began to be worked no one now knows, for aside from a few
rather casual remarks in literature, we have nothing to tell us.
The earliest mention of a sampler so far found is in 1502, when
Elizabeth of York paid 8d. for an ell of linen cloth for one. Her
account book shows the entry on July 10, 1502: "an for an elne of
lynnjTi cloth for a sampler for the Queen viii d. To Thomas Fische."
John Skelton, the poet, at about this same time in Norfolk, wrote,
"The Sampler to sowe on, the lacis to embroid."
In 1546, Margaret Thompson, of Freston-in-Holland, Lincoln-
shire, left a will, in which she says, "I gyve to Alys Pynchebeck my
syster's doughter my sawmpler with semes." This last item would
seem to indicate that probably the Tudor sampler, of which we have
no survival, was the same long and very narrow affair that the seven-
teenth century shows. The loom of the day was quite narrow, and
this accounts for the width of the sampler. Thus the "semes" may
mean that several pieces were joined together, or perhaps, as one
writer suggests, the word is used in an obsolete and transferred mean-
ing, and shows that it was made in ordered rows, like the seventeenth
century sampler. Much fine work was done to make beautiful the
"open seam," which the narrow loom rendered necessary.
Certainly toward the middle of the sixteenth century the sampler
was growing in popularity, for an inventory taken in the fourth year
of Edward VI's reign shows :
"Item xii samplers
" Item one sampler of Normandie Canvas wrought with
green and black silk."*
•Harleian Manuscript No. U19.
2 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
The raison d'etre of the sampler is most practical. Needlework
and embroidery were practically the only relaxation of most women,
and almost everything was embroidered. In the seventeenth century
a book called "Needles Excellency"* gives a list of things for which
a sampler was required. They include "handkerchiefs, table cloathes
for parlours or for halls, sheets, towels, napkins, pillow-beares." A
long period of peace had brought luxury to the household in the six-
teenth century. Napery and drapery increased, and along with them
the craze for embroidery. In fact, so great was the craze, that cloth-
ing, household linen, and everything of the sort fell a victim. France
had the same tendency, and in 1586 Catherine de Medici was petitioned
to put a stop to it, on the plea that "mills, pastures, woods and all the
revenues are wasted on embroideries, insertions, trimmings, tassells,
fringes, hangings, gimps, needleworks, small chain stitchings, quilt-
ings, back stitchings, etc., new diversities of which are invented daily."
The need for the sampler lay in the fact that there were few, if any,
books of patterns. Thus the sampler was the pattern-book, and long
or short, contained the designs which appealed to each girl's taste.
So we can imagine that each girl, as she gathered together her linen
for filling one of those lovely old oak dower-chests, added a sampler
to take with her on her new adventure in life.
There have been many surmises as to just how these patterns grew
up in England, and manj^ experts favor the idea that most of them
came from Italy and from other foreign sources. Certainly one did,
for an Italian towel shows the same design as that on Mary Hudson's
sampler. (See Plate ix.)
One book tells us of "a tradition that Catherine of Aragon taught
the Bedfordshire women cut-work or reticella made of linen, an art
which we know to have been practised in Italy and Spain at the time,
and which the early evidences of old English samplers prove to have
been made, though with less taste, in England." f
•"The Needles Excellency. A New Booke wherein are Divers admirable workes wrought with the needle,
newly invented and cut in Copper for the pleasure and profit of the industrious. Printed for James Boler and
are to be sold at the Syne of the Marigold in Paules Churchyard. 1632." There were twelve editions before 1640,
but the book is extremely rare.
t " Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire Lace in Point and Pillow Lace," by A. M. S. 1899.
, ..../• ■■."■■■ 'I
'J^Ai.m^'J^'JQ\i^.m^:f^^
PLATE V
Elizabeth Robert's Sampler. Civ. 1665
Owned by Mixx (leorijiaunn Welles Saiyjent
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 3
Perhaps our ancestors did have "less taste," but I think there is
no question that needlework on the older English samplers is most
exquisite. The earliest samplers which we know were, as has been said,
very long and narrow. The upper portion was nearly always given
to elaborate running designs in color of conventionalized roses, tulips,
strawberries, trefoil, "Indian pink," the "tree of life," and geometric
designs, either alone or in combination. Sometimes human figures
were inserted, but not often, the famous "boxers" being the most
frequent. The lower half was often filled with lovely drawn- or cut-
work designs in white. Occasionally an alphabet appeared, but in so
subordinate a position that it is quite negligible, and was evidently
included merely as a pattern for marking linen. So the sampler was
really an "Examplar," as some of our modern American specimens
still call it. Some early English references call them "samp-cloths"
or "samplettes."
A great deal of stress has of late been laid upon the affiliation of
the sampler and the horn-book, but it seems as if the horn-book, if it
had any influence upon the sampler at all, was distinctly toward its
degeneration. Certainly the seventeenth century sampler shows not
the slightest influence of the horn-book, for it was not until the early
eighteenth century that the dismal sampler, containing merely rows
of alphabet, appeared at aU.
But to return to the Tudor sampler, which lives only in our
imagination, it is interesting to know that Sir Philip Sydney, in his
"Arcadia," wrote:
"O love, why dost thou in thy beautiful sampler set such a work for my desire,
to set out which is impossible?"
and that Shakespeare, in the "Midsummer Night's Dream," makes
Helena exclaim :
"We, Hermia, like two artificial Gods,
Have with our needles created both one flower,
Both on one sampler, sitting on one cushion."
Shakespeare certainly reflected the state of mind of the children of
a later date, who were doomed by stern schoolmistresses to sew on
samplers, when he says :
4 . AMERICAN SAMPLERS
"Fair Philomela, she but lost her tongue.
And in a tedious sampler sew'd her mind." *
(Titus Andronicus)
These first samplers had no names or dates upon them, for prob-
ably they were a continuous performance, and so could never be dated.
The early ones were kept on a roll as a convenience, for one English
sampler done in 1664, while but seven inches wide, was three feet long.
The old samplers were always on linen, and were not done by children,
but by girls and women, for very practical use. The earliest appear
to be entirely of lace or drawn-work. Of seventeenth century sam-
plers, it may also be said that the needlework in itself was more
beautiful and the design more intricate and definite. One English
writer goes so far as to say that the oldest were the best and the young-
est the worst. That would not be entirely true of American samplers.
As the sampler grew out of the lack of books on embroidery,
it is interesting to know that there was a progressive soul, one
Peter Quentel, who printed a book of patterns as early as 1527. No
copy exists, so far as is known; but in 1701 a similar book "gives
borders and corner pieces, some few of which, at least, are derived from
those included in the book of patterns for various kinds of needlework
published by Peter Quentel." The ubiquitous Germans also printed
a book in Nuremberg, in 1748.
There has been an amusing controversy between English and
American collectors as to which nation owned the oldest dated sampler.
These many years we have held the palm, for Anne Gower's sampler
is in the Essex Institute in Salem, Massachusetts. Now Anne Gower
became the wife of Governor Endecott before 1628; and while it was
embroidered, of course, in England, the sampler itself was here, and
we claimed it as American. The English connoisseurs date it at
about 1610. There is one other American claimant earlier than
the earliest English one of 1643; this is Loara Standish's, now in
Pilgrim Hall at Plymouth. Loara Standish, the daughter of Captain
Myles Standish, was born in 1623 and died before 1656. It is prob-
able that the sampler was made before she was twenty, so that it was
* This verse is on the sampler of Anne Hathaway, 1797.
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 5
done before or at nearly the same time as the punto in aria sampler
of Elizabeth Hinde, in 1643. This latter sampler would be more
convincing if the name and date were not on finer linen sewed to the
bottom. ^ :^ •
Anne Gower's sampler was, of course, done in England, and is a
good specimen of drawn-work, filet, and the flat white-stitch used
on damask. So it is to Loara Standish's sampler that we must turn
for our earliest American-made example. It is in the regular English
style, done in blues and browns, soft now with time. The designs are
intricate ai\d beautifully done. Our Loara, besides making the first
American sampler, worked upon it the first aphorism which appears
upon any sampler. She began, poor Pilgrim maid, that long line of
pious verse that decorates, even unto the end, both English and
American samplers.
"Lord Guide my Heart that I may do Thy Will
And fill my heart with such convenient skill
As wiU conduce to Virtue void of Shame
And I will give the Glory to Thy Name."
She worked upon her sampler, also, "Loara Standish is my name,"
and so was the forerunner of that long series of girls who so indicated
the work of their hands. Evidently she did not know the whole verse
as it later came into use.
New England was the home of all but one of the seventeenth
century samplers that have so far been reported. The next oldest
after Loara Standish's was made by Mary Hollingsworth, of Salem.
She was born in 1650 and married, in 1675, Phillip English, a Salem
merchant. Her sampler, probably made about 1665, is typical of
the time, but bears an alphabet and her name. Mary Hollingsworth
English was accused of witchcraft in 1692, but escaped with her life
to New York. She was so overcome by the shock of the accusation
that she died soon after her escape.
At about the same time another New England maid, Sarah Lord,
made a lovely sampler in 1668. It is of extremely fine needlework,
and shows a tendency, which was apparently developing in America,
toward shorter and broader samplers. The workmanship had not
6 . AMERICAN SAMPLERS
degenerated as yet, nor had the patterns, but there are fewer of them.
Sarah Lord made one pattern upon her sampler in which the petals
of the roses are raised and free from the groundwork, done in button-
hole-stitch. Some English samplers of the same time show this form
of work, in the raised draperies of ladies' dresses and men's coats.
Only two other American seventeenth century samplers have been
reported, and both, perhaps, may be questioned. The first, done in
1675 by Isabella Ercy, is very attractive, though it shows the tend-
ency toward less interesting and less elaborate design. It bears the
inscription :
"WORKE. ANd. LETTERd. 1675
WOULD. HAVE. MENDED- BOTH-
MY. SKILL. HAD. BEN. BETTER. I.
ROUGHT. THE. SAME. BUT. IF.
WITH. NEDEL. AND- SCILK. I. W.
ISABELLA ERCY IS MY NAME."
The owner of this sampler frankly acknowledges that he does not
know who Isabella Ercy was, and so we cannot be sure that it is really
American after all.
The other sampler bears no name, but has the date 1698. It is
long and narrow and is done in crewel in brilliant hues, which is not
an especially common medium for either English or American sam-
plers of the period.
It is impossible to call this chapter complete without mentioning
three samplers which were, of course, made in England, but which
have been in this country for over two hundred years. About 1650,
Elizabeth, daughter of Nicholas Roberts, of London, was born in
England. As a young girl, about to be married to a Mr. Breeden, she
embroidered two samplers ; one contains designs in color, and one is of
punto tagliato. The lace one is signed "Elizabeth Robert," and the
other has her initials "E R" many times repeated. She was a widow
in 1672, when she married Colonel Samuel Shrimpton, a wealthy mer-
chant, and owner of Noddle's Island in Boston Harbor. When she
came to Boston she brought her samplers with her, as all thrifty house-
wives should. Later, a wealthy widow, she married Simeon Stoddard,
>s,:>j,^;^-S5ps*^^
PLATE VI
Elizabeth Robert's Sampler. Cir. 1665
Ozcned by Miss GeonjUinnu Welles Saryent
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 7
another Boston merchant, and she lived in Boston until her death in
1713. The chief interest that these two samplers have is this: that
they are the earliest samplers, either in England or America, which
were worked by some one whose portrait we also have. The portrait
hangs in the rooms of the Massachusetts Historical Society, and for
the benefit of the curious we will say that the eyes and hair are light
brown, and the dress black and white.
The third sampler, which was brought by the Quincys to New
England before 1700, is signed:
"Miles Fletwood, Abigail Fletwood 1654.
In prosperity friends will be plenty, but
In adversity not one in twenty."
Mrs. Henry Quincy, who was Mary Salter and herself an expert
needlewoman, gave this sampler to her daughter, with the remark
that it was "an old family thing." Tradition says that a General
Charles Fleetwood, of Cromwell's army, had a brother JNIiles who
retained his allegiance to the King. His experience in those troublous
times perhaps inspired the verse, if these two jNIiles's are the same man.
The connection with the Quincys is not clear, but it is true that at this
time the Quincys lived in Thorpe-Achurch and the Fleetwoods in
AldAvinckle, in Northamptonshire, not thirteen miles apart. The
sampler has the figures of three ladies in flowing skirts at the top.
Over the central one are the initials "S. Q." The others are labeled,
respectively, "A" and "E." The former owner thinks that these
letters, added in steel beads, are a later addition when the sampler
passed into the hands of the Quincys. The ladies themselves, as you
see them depicted in the sampler, are Quincy ladies. The heads are
stuffed and the dresses sewed on. Underneath the heads and the
dresses are the heads of the Fleetwood ladies, and their much more
archaic dresses. The back of the sampler discloses the substitution.
Below the three ladies are a man and a woman on either side of an
unrestful lion seated beneath a tree. The rest of the sampler is taken
up with repeating designs of more or less elaborateness, and is unusual
and lovely.
8
AJNIERICAN SAMPLERS
So the seventeenth century ended, showing several distinct tenden-
cies in sampler art.
Samplers in America were broadening and shortening, they were
becoming distinctly less interesting, and the elaborate embroidery of
household linen had vanished from the land. Folk were too busy
taming the wilderness to attach much importance to the frills and
furbelows, and one can feel this distinctly as one realizes how very
few samplers our American girls did in the seventeenth century. One
may say that the sampler of that type became extinct, for while there
were echoes of a design here and there in the next century, such as that
of Grace Tay, it was a very feeble echo, and is more like the haunting
of a ghost than anything else. The reason for the sampler had gone,
and the revival w^as on different lines and for a different purpose.
As one caustic writer says, "When meaning is gone, art and beauty
vanish too." While they did vanish for a time, a purpose later crept
in which gave our American samplers some art and much quaintness.
Ethel Stanwood Bolton.
Maey Leavitt. 1718
Owned hy Miss A . B. Willson
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 9
SAMPLERS— 1600-1700
Eecy, Isabella. 1676. 8" x 16". Line, satin, and cross-stitch. Cross-borders of conventional-
ized roses, carnations, urns, birds, animals, etc. Verse 128 (var.). Illustrated.
Daniel Penton Hitchner, Esq.
GowEB, Anne. [Cir. 1610.] 6" x 16". Alphabet. Eyelet, satin, and various kinds of lace
stitches. Worked in bands across sampler. Illustrated. Essex Institute, Salem
HoLLiNGSwoETH, Maey. [Cir. 1665.] 7" x 25". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. The patterns in the
cross-borders are those used for shawl borders and the squares at the top those used for
the corners. Illustrated. Essex Institute
Hudson, Mary. 1700. 8 yrs. 7" x 29". Eyelet, outline, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Cross-
borders of conventional leaves and rosebuds, also Italian designs. Illustrated.
Miss Sarah Rebecca Nicholson
Lord, Sarah. 1668. 9f" x 17|". Eyelet, satin, buttonhole, chain, outline, and cross-stitch.
Wide bands of elaborate needlework and embroidery, with geometrical and floral designs.
In band across center the flowers and figures are raised from linen and attached only at
center of figure. Illustrated. Mrs. Thomas Sinnickson, Jr.
Standish, Loara. [Cir. 1636.] Cross-borders like the others of this period. Verses 128 (1st
line), 338. Illustrated in color. Pilgrim Hall, Plymouth
Unknown. 1698. 8J" x 33". 1 alphabet. Buttonhole, eyelet, flat, and cross-stitch, also hem-
stitching. Long series of conventional flowers in brilliant crewel. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
EIGHTEENTH CENTURY SAMPLERS
HISTORY would be so much more comfortable for those who
indulge in writing it if its terminations were more abrupt,
and if its characters had a less ghost-like manner of melting
into space — and lo! the place that knew them knows them no more.
So it would be much more comfortable, in considering samplers, to say
that when we meet a new century we meet a new style of sampler;
but the truth is that it took about twenty years after the new century
came in before the English sampler types became sufficiently ghostly
to ignore in favor of the new and truly American development.
The maiden to be married, on her outlying farm, in her frontier
town, now happily freed from Indian terror, had no use for embroid-
ery as an accessory for either her clothes or her linen ; she was thankful
for either unadorned. Life in the towns, too, was hard and poor after
the Indian wars had taken their toll of the Colonies' wealth. Even so,
we have one beautiful specimen of the old English style which was
done by Grace Tay, or Toy as she calls herself. She was born in
Woburn, Massachusetts, May 18, 1704; married, in 1724, Benjamin
Walker, and went with him to Andover to live. It is a beautiful
example of colored and white work, a yard long; the looms were
capable of making quite wide linen before this sampler was made,
for the selvage is at the top and bottom. (See Plate x.)
Having laid this last ghost, we can turn to other samplers made
during the same years that Grace Toy wrought, and we see the begin-
nings of the essentially American sampler. Let us look first at the
English sampler, which also changed at this same period, but in a
different way. The English sampler clung much longer than did the
American to the form of the seventeenth century. By the middle of
the eighteenth century, by gradual stages, it had become square and
had acquired a border. It soon had verses, alphabets, and numerals ;
and then, toward the end of the century, more and more tended toward
10
PLATE VII
Elizabeth Robert
Owned bi/ the. Massachusetts Historical Society
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 11
a mass of unrelated designs ; so that in the end it looked more like a
sale-sheet of a modern vender of cross-stitch designs than anything
else.
We may consider that we in America were more fortunate, for
while many of the samplers contain little but alphabets, numbers, and
verses, separated by rows of extremely debased patterns, yet as a rule
they had form and coherence of design, which the English sampler
lacks.
In the first half of the eighteenth century, as in the entire seven-
teenth, New England furnishes by far the largest number of samplers,
followed by Long Island, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. It is, per-
haps, inevitable that, as the material has been collected from Boston
as a center, New England should have been more easily reached and
more prolifically represented than are other parts of the coast.
The girls of most of the great nations of Europe worked sam-
plers, quite characteristic and differing in their basic essentials. The
Spaniards brought the art to Mexico, but neither the early Dutch nor
the early Germans seem to have brought their particular form to this
country. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries in
certain localities — such as parts of Pennsylvania — a certain Dutch
or German influence can be seen, but it is quite rare ; so we are really
left with a very clear-cut result. We have first a century of imitation
of the old English model, good but gradually degenerating, followed
by a very distinct type of American sampler. It is the development of
this second type with which we now have to do. It is inevitable, as one
considers the schools of this century, to feel that the samplers, like the
schools, fall into two classes. First came the Dame School, where
the very young were taught, and where the samplers done by these
small hands were very simple things indeed. And so we have the
commonest form of sampler, that which contains merely alphabets
and numbers. Not much from an artistic point of view, we shall all
agree, but very much as an indication that our ancestresses got a
little learning, meager though it was. This sampler must have been
a wonderful assistance in driving home to the weary, childish brain
12 . AMERICAN SAMPLERS
the letter learned from her horn-book primer. And so we have poor
little ]Mary Smith, in her sixth year, in 1714, working a sunple form
of the long sampler, with one large and one small alphabet. It was
done on fine linen, and contained that most frequent of all verses,
"Mary Smith is my name and with my nedel I wroght the same."
She is not, by any manner of means, the only child of five who worked
a sampler at this time.
The other form, done by the older girl at her finishing school,
was, as a rule, a more elaborate object. Quite early in the century,
originality began to be shown. Take, for instance, Mary Leavitt's
sampler, done in 1718. Having accomplished the stupid task of em-
broidering four sets of alphabets separated by the simplest of cross-
borders, she then, at the bottom, made a nice green hill, with one fair
plant upon it, and "Ashur" and "Elisha" in long-tailed coats, white
stockings, and black shoes, dancing and playing pipes thereon. ( See
tailpiece, page 8.) Mary Leavitt was a Salem, Massachusetts, girl;
and that same year Eunice Bowditch, another Salem girl, embroidered
a sampler, but she did not have Mary's originalitJ^
By 1721 we may feel that the real American sampler is with us,
for in that year Mary Daintery, aged eight, embroidered a sampler
broader than it was long, and put a border all around it. This is the
first example of a border as a frame which has come to our notice on
an authentic American sampler, though of course there may be earlier
cases. In the upper center stands the figure of Christ, and all around
and beneath is "PUBLIUS LEXTULUS his Letter to the Senate
OF Rome Concerning JeSUS ChrlST (&c.)." (See Plate xi.)
This fascinating sampler is o\Mied on Long Island, but came from a
farmhouse near New Haven, Connecticut. Until 1730, with this one
exception, the samplers are, as a rule, alphabets separated by very
simple cross-borders, with little or no design. A few had framing
borders. The childish hands were not able to make the lovely, compli-
cated "Indian pink," the rose, and "Tree of life" that the older girls
of a previous century had done so beautifully. So we have simple
strawberry, acorn, and Greek frets, varied occasionally with a vine
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 13
made free-hand. One small girl, in 1724, Mary Frye, made a cross-
border of hearts, and her biographer tells of her that "she was an
orphan from infancy, but an heiress and a belle, if a devout Quaker
maiden can be called a belle. When young Samuel Willis fell in love
with her, he found he must win her from many competitors. But he
had this in his favor, she was his father's ward and was dwelling under
his father's roof."
In 1730, Pennsylvania contributes a wonderful sampler; it is only
saved from ostracism as a needlework picture by the fact that Mary
or Martha Bulyn signed and dated it. Thus early in the century
does the decision as to what a sampler is and what is a needlework
picture have to be made. The needlework picture of the period, like
many that preceded it, was done all over the linen canvas in either
petit-point, cross-stitch, or, occasionally, tent-stitch. This form of
needlework had been done in England since the days of the Conqueror.
Our ancestors, lacking pictures and feeling the need for some form
of wall decoration, used the needlework pictures and samplers in that
way. The story has come down to us of one little girl who left out
her middle name when she worked her sampler. She put the initial
in up above, but her parents were so annoyed at the omission that as a
punishment they refused to frame her sampler. Poor mite! she may
have hated that middle name as many of us hate ours to this day.
To return to our muttons, an arbitrary ruling was felt to be
necessary to distinguish between these two forms, and so all needle-
work signed and dated by the maker has been accepted as a sampler.
Thus we have had to eliminate much that was lovely and interesting.
Mary Bulyn's sampler is of a shepherdess beneath a tree, surrounded
by her flocks and dogs. The perspective is what one expects on a
sampler of any age ; the flowers are much bigger than the sheep, and
the birds that roost upon the tree inevitably, in any other world, would
tear it limb from limb, so large and fat are they. But it is most charm-
ing. (See Plate xii.) Just at this same time, Pennsylvania gave
us another form of sampler. Two lines of verse and then a rather
elaborate cross-border, in some cases returning to seventeenth century
14 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
design ; then two more lines and another border, and so on, the whole
framed in a simple border or not, as the case might be. ( See Plate xiii,
Sarah Howell, Plate cxi, and Abigail Pinniger, Plate cxii.) This pre-
cise form appears but once after 1735, though the alternation of verse
and cross-borders in other mixtures does appear spasmodically. The
exception is Ann Tatnal's sampler, done in Delaware in 1785; and it
is so like the Pennsylvania ones, both in form and detail, as to make
us suspect that she copied an early one. Even from the beginning,
when Loara Standish put her short verse upon her sampler, pious
verse was always an adjunct. Verse was not inevitable; sometimes
there were prose quotations of a religious nature, often the Lord's
Prayer, the Creed, or a metrical version of the Ten Commandments.
The Lord's Prayer and the Creed were most frequently done in a form
to reproduce the tablets to be seen, during the eighteenth century, in
the east end of English and American Episcopal churches. Hannah
Trecothick, of Boston, did one such in 1738, and she had many
followers. (See Plate xiv.)
About this time some school, evidently near Boston, conceived
the idea of using Adam and Eve and the apple as a subject for the
religious enlightenment of its pupils. Two samplers, done in 1741,
and one in 1753, are practically identical, design for design. The
apple trees are laden with fruit of such a size as to make the modern
farmer green with envy. Adam is accompanied by a goose and Eve
by a rabbit. Let us hope that there was no irony in the tender minds
of those whose fingers wrought so well. And each of the six figures
presses one hand upon man's dearest spot, as if already each felt the
result of the coming indigestible meal. The serpent — he looks much
more like a fat angle worm — embraces the tree with one or more coils,
tempting our universal mother. The fig leaves are large and very
modest. In 1745, we find another version of the story, for Adam and
Eve face us ; and Adam has one of those lovely beards, now so little
seen, running under the chin and up in front of the ears, which most
Irish laborers of our earlv childhood fancied. Eve has an enormous
quantity of hair, and the serpent has his eye on all comers. He is
f
^
^:^ %::^ r"-'- ■ ^ l^ ..
: !..'/-* i
- < ■ I .' < -- -
. **^
':B^^iM^^^^-^j'
''^'"^ li '^ '<3l d'M '^ a' cs' W *■■«"('
PLATE \III
Mir.ES P'r.ETW'oD Abigai. Fletwood. 1()54-
Owned by ^[rs. Michael Foster
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 15
just as short and fat as his predecessors. Thereafter, Adam and Eve
appear quite often, but later times were far more modest and less true
to history than were our mid-eighteenth century grandmothers. ( See
Plates XV and xvi. )
One other sampler of the forties is unique. Mary Ellis, of Milton,
Massachusetts, inside a border made a hundred diamonds, and on
the diamonds embroidered the multiplication table. Only a few of the
figures are still visible. Of course she made such a sampler at school,
for no one but a schoolmarm would condemn any small girl to such
a task as making a hundred diamonds all alike for such a prosaic
result. Perhaps Mary wasn't good at arithmetic and needed severe
discipline. (See Plate xvii.) At this time, too, we first find the two
spies returning from Palestine, bearing between them the grapes of
Eschol. Needless to say that none of our sampler artists in any way
scamped the bunch, which was usually carried between the two stagger-
ing men upon a pole.
About 1750, the sampler becomes a much freer and more original
piece of work than was true of the first half of the century. The
"period of gloom," as so many writers designate the first fifty years,
was over. The wilderness, so far as our original thirteen states were
concerned, was pretty well conquered, and prosperous towns had
taken the place of struggling and toiling settlements. Once again
the amenities of life could be considered, and once again the children
had some leisure to cultivate them. The result is an increasing variety
of design. In fact, if we look at Elizabeth Pecker's sampler, made
at the age of fifteen in 1750, we may realize that the sampler artist at
this time went back to nature for her models — more or less. Two trees
stand on hillocks on either side, with birds both roosting and flying.
Between stands a mammoth basket of flowers. Deer, dogs, and enor-
mous fowl disport themselves on the greensward for the edification
of a damsel in the lower left-hand corner. She is dressed, not in em-
broidery, but in a lovely brocaded skirt, appliqued upon the canvas,
and she has a lock of real red-gray hair upon her head. ( See Plate
xviii.) The truth is that we had so few models that we were forced to
16 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
try to depict the scenes around us. We began with animals and trees,
and later progressed to more complicated scenes. Western Pennsyl-
vania,* in 1755, contributes a sampler with verses and a tapestry design
in diamond shapes; while the next year conservative Massachusetts,
under cross-borders of the older style, gives us an orchard scenef with
an apple tree, two deer, two rabbits, two bumblebees, and two eagles.
"The animals walked in two by two" upon her sampler. The chief
interest, however, lies in the fact that this is the first time that eagles,
later symbolic of the country, appear. The same j^ear Sarah Afflick,
whom we suspect of Pennsylvania lineage, put three open baskets at
the bottom of her sampler, and therein vines of an infinite variety
of leaves upon the same parent stems; while tulips, pinks, roses,
peonies, and flowers only conceived by the imaginative mind of seven
adorn the vines also. And while we laugh, we know that it is very
lovely as a piece of design, harmonious in color, and covering the space
most interestingly. Really it is a sampler of Oriental design tinged
with American feeling, and is unique in its appeal.
It would be unfair to leave this period without mentioning
Dorothy LjTide's sampler, now forever on exhibition at the Old South
Church on Washington Street, Boston. Most of it is beautifully
worked petit-point, with just enough embroidery in other stitches to
give it the needed variety. Overhead is a very startled-looking sun,
flanked on either side by a cherub. Below, on either side of the square
containing the lettering and verse, stand two figures upon pedestals.
The left-hand one carries a book, and some one has carefully cut out
the head. Below is a rural scene ; a shepherdess and crook, a bound-
ing, spotted black dog, and two meek sheep with huge black eyes.
The coloring is lovely, and the illustration gives but a poor idea of
its beauty. ( See Plate xix. )
When once you have let originality run riot, you cease to have
conventionality, and it becomes increasingly hard to say that any
sampler belongs to any period, because it may be a survival of an older
period, copied by a girl in an isolated town where new models were
•Margaret Simpson,
t Sarah Toppan.
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 17
hard to come at. Perhaps that is the secret of the charm of samplers,
that they were distinctly the expression of the mind of the girl or of
her mother or her teacher, and so they are pretty nearly as varied
as the mind of man. Even among those which have alphabets alone,
there are seldom two alike, because the form varies and so does the
color. Probably it is lucky for us that many years separate us from
the new and freshly done sampler. Home-dyed colors were, as a rule,
quite soft and lovely, and the combinations were almost always felici-
tous and according to our taste — if it is still uncorrupted by futurist
art. It is, perhaps, cruel to say it of the Shakers, but it seems as if
they alone had held over from an earlier century their delight in
crude and clashing colors, such as our ancestresses used in their youth
and inexperience. These distressing mixtures time and the sun have
softened and blended into an harmonious whole.
And so, having turned to nature as a model, these dear girls saw
it through the distorted glasses of their imagination. And the result?
A wonderful mixture of animals, birds, trees, houses, urns, baskets
of flowers and fruit. Vines bearing six kinds of flowers are the ordi-
nary sort on samplers. Perspective there was none, and comparative
size matters not at all. Usually our beruffled shepherdess is at least
three times the size of her house, and once in a while her sheep are so
large that they might swallow her whole ^vithout inconvenience. But
all this was a fairy story, taking form under the child's needle, and all
such things happen naturally in fairy tales. Sometimes the children
painted in the faces of their people; sometimes they gave them the
real hair of the person whose portrait they were attempting.
About 1760 began the period when no sampler was quite complete
without its pious verse, and it makes our untheological modern minds
ache to think what these children nmst have been like, if their verses
and sayings were anything more than conventional usage. Yet when
one reads the records of almost any town, it is to have the realization
thrust upon one that at that time theological discussion gave the most
abounding joy to our forefathers. So why should not the children,
too, have put forth their religious or pious convictions upon the sam-
18 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
pier which was to hang upon the wall ? They wished to show that they
were not one whit behind their elders in taking up cudgels for their
pet dogma, to show that death and the tomb had no terrors for their
well-prepared souls.
Mary Webb, a nice little Pennsylvania girl, in 1760 made a clever
sampler. She encircled it with a carnation border, and turned the
corners with a tulip. Inside she divided the space into nine squares.
The middle and the corners she decorated with delightful flowers, and
in the four remaining squares embroidered her pious sentiments. She
also gives a hint here of the genealogical sampler soon to come, for
she put her parents' names upon it. This type, which is quite unusual
in America, was more common in England. Perhaps she copied some
English model brought overseas. (See Plate xx.)
The genealogical sampler, in all its glory, did not come into ripe
fruition until late in the eighteenth century, but as early as 1730
Ann Robins put her father's, mother's, and grandparents' names upon
her sampler. Sarah van Forhies, in 1742, embroidered the initials of
her family, and the habit was quite common until the real genealogy
came to displace them. Margaret Swain, in 1754, embroidered the
initials, but she went a step farther and added the dates of births and
deaths. Catherine Van Maater, in 1765, records that her "Father"
was Daniel Van Maater, her mother, Mary Covenhaven, and that her
brothers and sisters were Sarah, Gilbert, Micah, and Milly.
The first real genealogy seems to be of the Olmsteads, of Connecti-
cut, made in 1774, but it has not half the charm of one done by an
unknown girl, recording an unknown family, which probably resided
in or near Springfield, Massachusetts :
" Phoebe Born April 7, 1761
"Lew" bor feb 23, 1763
"Zebbo" Au 29, 1755
"Cal" bor Jun 29, 1758
and then only initials up to the last child's birth in 1771.
From 1780, on to the end of the century, the real genealogy and
the one containing initials only, flourished side by side, but were never
. *- -C-^- -3!= •!:.■-.
• m»» ^ - - .
'^ %.m
- niter-'- ■
:^-
rx:€>S*i
PLATE IX
Mary Hudson's Sampler. 1700
O-icned by Minn Sarah Rebecca Robinson
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 19
nearly as common as they were after 1800. These samplers are just
as useful to the student as the Family Bible, and should be cherished
for their information with equal care.
It is just at this time that the little Dutch sampler of Catherine
van Schaick was done in Albany. The border is difficult to place ; two
birds stand on two unnameable objects, one of which may be a house.
She signed it "C V S-OUT 10-JAER 1763". (See Plate xxi.)
By 1766, the South had taken up Adam and Eve, and Sally Rea
gives us a very interesting example. Adam and Eve, encircled in
ballet skirts of fig leaves, stand in the attitude of the minuet, holding
the apple together. The serpent coiled around the tree leans out and
whispers in Eve's ear, while her accompanying rabbit stands in a scared
attitude, ready to run at need. Adam, who looks a most courtly and
smiling gentleman, is in this instance accompanied by two very inter-
ested dogs, one white with black decorations, the other "counter-
changed." The whole thing is adorable, and envy surges in your
breast. (See Plate xxii.)
The same year a child in Dighton, Massachusetts, Bath-sheba
Searing her name, began that noble series of samplers which grew
from picturing one's own house and yard to putting public buildings
on the "carpet" of the sampler, and finally led to the delineation of
whole towns. (See tailpiece, p. 254, the town of Crawford, New
Hampshire.) Bath-sheba made a picture of her nice, hip-roofed brick
house, and she pictured her mother in one window and her father in
the other. Sarah van Forhies, of New Jersey, mentioned above, had
made a house in 1742, but it seems to have been an isolated experiment
and had no copiers until this later time.
About this time, too, the girls in the Southern states began to make
samplers. South Carolina has one as early as 1752, and Georgia
in 1763. Sarah Jones, of Savannah, did the Ten Commandments in
verse, the Lord's Prayer, and the Creed, surrounded it with a flowered
vine, and added a basket and flowers. It was not only Puritan New
England, but the South also, which mixed religion and samplers in-
extricably. Philadelphia, in the person of Elizabeth Coleman, oifers
20 A3IERICAN SAMPLERS
Pope's "Universal Prayer"; and so it is with relief that we turn to
Margaret Calef and her wonderful scene, undisturbed by pious senti-
ments. This Middleto^^Ti, Connecticut, girl shows us the fruit of her
imagination in most beautiful petit-point. There is a brick castle with
high tower and many windows, with five straight poplar trees looking
over the roof; on either side an apple tree, and on the lawn in front
a lamb and a mottled dog. To the left, a wasp-waisted lady sits on a
chair, with one dog behind and one with three white spots leaping up
in front. She holds an enormous rose to her painted face. Before
her stands her husband, long, buttoned coat, silk stockings, and shoes,
all of the latest cut, his queue correctly tied, holding a parrot in his
hand. And as a background, high hills, with poplar trees and deer,
and a huge tulip plant, that dwarfs the trees. The sky is cloudy and
contains one star. Each time you look you find some new delight.
And if you love this sampler, doubly will you love Hannah Johnson's,
made in 1768 in "IN'ewbury Newton" (Newburyport). Never before
and never again will the mind of child conceive such a flirtatious and
lovely cow as Hannah Johnson did. The deer with which slie's flirting
is almost as charming. ( Plates xxiii and xxiv. )
The next decade seems to have been given over to country scenes,
to shepherds and shepherdesses, flocks and herds, houses and farm
buildings. It also introduced a new stitch which was developed in
two ways. At this period appears the crinkled silk, which looks as
if it were unwound from larger and tight-twisted hanks. This silk
is most commonly applied in long stitches as a background for vines or
animals in a closer satin-stitch. Occasionally it is appliqued, when
the embroidery represents the bricks of a house or something else
appropriate. At one school in Essex County, Massachusetts, taught
by Sarah Stivour, the children used long stitches in this crinkly silk
to represent the grass and sky. The particular use is limited to that
school, and to the years between 1778 and 1786. Work from her school
can be identified at a glance. (See Plates xc and xci.)
PLATE X
Ghace Toy's SAVnua. Wohurn, Moss. Clr. 1717
f.hL7i«rf ly Mrt. .V A. PruntUt
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 21
The scenes depicted become more elaborate during this ten years,
and are saved from being classed as needlework pictures by a very
narrow margin. This is true as far south as Georgia. But even in
their elaboration, the feeling persists that if one could only really
know their history, many samplers that are now far separated over
the coimtr}" were made under the same school-mistress's eye. These
samplers are not always identical, but the whole action and design
savor of the same controlling mind. Grace Welsh, Sukey Makepeace,
Abigail JNIears, and perhaps Elizabeth Pecker, who used a form of
hunting scene, illustrate very well the probable common origin of a
group. (See Plates xxv, cvi, xxvi, and xviii.)
Now the stiff cross-stitch trees of a former decade give place to
those with gracefully bending trunks, and tops that look like dejected
and lop-sided feather dusters. This is well exemplified on Betsey
Adams's sampler. She lived in Quincy, INIassachusetts, as all the
great Adamses did, but I'm sure that she never saw the prototype of
those trees in Quincy. ( See Plate xxvii. )
The children of this decade abandoned cross-stitch and its kindred
stitches more than their predecessors, and used satin-stitch increas-
ingly. They also added queen-stitch, with very pleasing results, and
often included punch- work fruit.
It would be unfair to leave tie time of the Revolution without
mentioning the unknown child who embroidered Christ at the foot of
a huge tree, with arms outstretched. From the branches hang fruit
labeled "Peace," " Sanctification," "Election," "Refuge," "Repent,"
"Buffeting," "Temptation," "Reproach," "Everlasting Love,"
"Death," and many more. This and Mary Daintery's, earlier in the
centurj^ are the only representations of Christ on samplers so far
known. (See Plate xxviii.)
A form of sampler very conmion in England was little used in
this country, though a few have been recorded — the map sampler.
The earliest example which has come to light in the Colonies was a
map of France done on an oval of satin by Frances Brenton, of New-
port, Rhode Island, in 1775. Perhaps the education of the girls began
22 > AMERICAN SAMPLERS
at this period to include a knowledge of the world outside their own
narrow horizon. Ann Smith made a map of Europe in 1787. Later,
in 1793, Betty Scott, whose mother became John Hancock's second
wife, made a beautiful map of England, very accurate, and beautifully
worked. It was, perhaps, one of those stamped in England and
brought to this country. At one time they were very popular with
English damsels. Five years later, Leonora Louisa Spechet also made
a map of England, and Frances Wade made a map of North and
South America, which was of her own drawing, one might surmise.
Her geography was almost as frenzied as that during the war, and
even Mercator's projection looks far less queer. (See Plate xxix.)
During the last years of the Revolution, the sampler began to
increase in the land. Originality ran riot, and everything that the
children saw was pictured with more or less fidelity to nature.
Perhaps the most interesting pair of samplers done in the 1780's are
two which come from Tuckerton, New Jersey. They are painted
samplers done by John Mason, in 1780, and by Sarah Piatt, about
1784. ( See Plate xxx. ) Sarah painted a picture of herself in an oval
at the bottom, and we should guess that John tried to portray his
father and mother. The pair of samplers is most interesting, and calls
to mind that later, by some fifty years, pen and ink samplers were
accomplished by some pupils in the schools. They are quite rare now,
as, of course, paper is much more perishable than linen.
There is a unique little sampler in Essex County, Massachusetts,
which was cut in the form of a Liberty Bell, with a little ring at the
top. It was done by "Rocksalana Willes," in 1783. What she put
on the sampler was neither very artistic nor interesting, but it certainly
was of the era. (See Plate xxxi.)
Two years later, Hannah Janney made a sampler, and worked
upon it a verse "On Education." One might almost feel that this
was truly prophetic on her part, for later she became the mother of
Johns Hopkins, who founded the University which bears his name.
Just at this time began that most interesting series of pictures of
Brown University which is discussed in the chapter on Schools. They
T^'^^^^i
A. »_j« »t . J
*)«"•=»?
"*V*" ■ ■'***■■ ■
cujtea OF the s-oman <5o
■ueKiu'jtKT TO j^auertis'f
j iPKOlrittC^S'
X^^
^'.■ieiute c^ ^x«»je cowayjiiJVG '^
""Ta^j-iu'i .^e^^ the Gifts'
"SyoF piTfcr.!ii-j x-^'ifcuurs
FO)LXPU.mi spvjfj.'t tti the
senate -:.j-iae>fii^.-''U/ sa
t
IP
my CUP Hss «tA\?" Kot 05? %t~;:i
Ti-.ere jpyesKea m The;e ouy divr ,i naift :^~ vK^it viKtii* wjja** lesm
chJfsair x>M ss vet LmwA juaaxG ixi* a^iJ of t^i* C5a-i-i<s js ^cce^^^eb ir^ay
tuye soiHett..Kf.fc T^a 3n/cil^e^^orl;vt^. a veciy jaeveym cuUHteiauce suck
jTS t>.e e''hi)J6<»yj- may sctTibue ano reay *iJS Jaiu' or The caaLOuv »
^-.yjf.eKt oif coLoxT> 6o»ie%>Knt coui-LaiA ak» luave) at.aut Mb -^.inv.oeY:," i^
i'^UEnej' 8F Th ^Li^Ay?tes. h?^ rove Me-^ji ?Li*.'.'i ».'&'' icxxcate ms Fac<;
Mihout 8?ot cy itoKsxuLe geijuwVies u*t>. ii c«eiv bs^ aa&,iaiise lai) »
mmtf..e:)i.iCtty ^oymes **?;. Bev»c- twciThe cotsuy --— • • ■"-
^.aio Quicx iH stepyoYJKcs teyyiwte tii ■'4'^'f"'f"*^^tt'L__, „„„, ^., ,,^„,
vv?iay Htoett JKD iwse ta pyos'oyvK'i of !»"-*'/ n^ejx$hiip(.^ >2m >.tiur&?ai
>.iJif T.j,jG>. p\xb mM9 um< seeK Mxk ifi^ee? jt Jra-as Fey fejs siaevaa^ »e3,y ,
^y sctyfase.'sjiiG The cKaE>yejr or x«t<h
wiyy P^tjrteyy hkb. r^oi'& dwe in The '^eay or ^HJ^^iE^P^ t??J^
s»sjt» n>iis »c«sj[ £>ece»!»e?f':. Tiie tT^eKtv- secoso ^icaosxjmBie i:?x3
r*!
PLATE XI
Mary Daixtery's Sampler. New Haven, Conn.?
Ozcned by Mrs. G. H. Buck
1721
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 23
are so lovely that it is impossible to refrain from mentioning them
again here. From the college on the hill at Providence to Pennsylvania
is not so very far, so at the same time that our New England maidens
were learning to embroider what they saw, little Ann Buller made
her unique contribution in Philadelphia. She pictured scenes which
never were on sea or land. One can almost see the child sitting in
wrapt silence, drinking in the strange tales of some sailor-man who
had been overseas and in far Eastern lands. He had told her of the
Arab in his tent, of camels, and flocks, and herds. Perhaps she re-
membered Abraham sitting in his tent door, with all his flocks around
him. And then she constructed her amazing country. In the middle,
at the right, sits her hero in the door of a large, white tent, while before
him graze six of the leanest sheep that sampler-land has ever produced.
Next a lean cow stands, wondering, with mournful eyes; and then a
woman and two men, in modern dress, one of whom holds a camel by
its bridle. Below two camels, with protuberant necks, eat fruit from
two trees, and a man and woman stand near a well-house. Desert
camels and a typical New World well ! ( See Plates xxxii and xxxiii. )
Then we come to the very modest era when Adam and Eve went
clothed to their doom, and fig leaves were insufficient. In Salem,
Massachusetts, there was a Quaker maid who pictured Adam and Eve
in plain Quaker dress, with Cain and Abel standing beside them in
knee breeches. The "tree of knowledge" is there and many animals,
but Rebekah Hacker's childish heart was too tender toward the sin-
ful pair to put in the serpent as a reminder of their fall. Margaret
Ramsay (see Plate xxxiv) helped out our first parents in a different
way, for she planted her tree of knowledge just outside the garden
fence, and back of its flower-borders she put a comfortable cottage,
with nice lace windows. From this time on, Adam and Eve again be-
come a favorite theme, clothed or unclothed, fat or lean. Meanwhile,
all through the period, we have lovely pictures of workless shepherds
courting with pipes the equally workless shepherdesses; beside them
bloom flowers as large as cabbages. Their houses are flanked with
trees, or, as Lucy Cushing embroidered her home, set between two
24 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
enormous sunflowers reaching the second-story windows. Newport
and Sally Munro give us a wonderful doctor's gig with a horribly
knock-kneed horse. (See Plate xxxv.)
By 1790, the variety of sampler work was infinite. Two Phila-
delphians, Jane Humphreys and Elizabeth Lehman, and one Dela-
ware girl, Mary Clark, each made on fine linen a basket filled with
flowers in the finest "hollie-point." These three samplers are exquisite
things, and most beautifully wrought. By this time, sampler making
seems to have become an art and many new stitches came in fashion,
so Zebiah Gore made her lambs in bullion-stitch. One often wonders
just how the child carried out the design which she or her teacher had
conceived. Sally Baldwin, of Providence, never finished her sampler,
and so our question is answered. A house and a cow stand stark in
their nakedness of pen and ink. In one case, the needle and thread
are left to this day in a child's unfinished work. (See Plates xxxvi-
xxxix.)
At the end of the century, we are on the verge of several new
methods of work. Again, alas ! the magic of a new century does not
create the beginning of a new era sharplj'', though one may feel that
the increasing prosperity of the country and the awakening interest
in the education of girls elaborates and develops what has gone before.
Pious verse is not always a sine qua non, and at times neither verse nor
alphabet appear. The borders, done now as fancy wills, are not the
old repeating designs which have held sway since first the sampler
formed part of the maiden's outfit.
The genealogical sampler had had no great vogue, and the new
century was to develop that form most interestingly. Houses at this
period begin to sit on terraces, each step of which displays a tree, and
on many samplers the house is broader than this pyramid of green
lawns. True to this pastoral era, sheep and a shepherd invariably
disport upon the lawns. Beulah Hollinshead was the first girl, appar-
ently, who started this fashion, which the new century adopted most
enthusiastically.
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 25
Ann jNIacomber, in the last year of the century, revived a fashion
originally set by Miss Polly Balch, of Providence, Rhode Island, at
her school. No one, apparently, had followed her idea of depicting
public buildings, until Ann Macomber put Liberty Hall, Philadel-
phia, upon her work. She set the building in more rural surroundings
than we are used to associating with it, for a horse and two dogs run
merrily about in the grass on either side. ( See Plates xl and xli.)
During the study of the records and pictures which make up the
material from which these facts are drawn, certain small things
obtrude themselves and give a human interest to all this needlework.
We are struck, at first, bv the number of surnames which have died
out in the course of years. Perhaps some of them have only gone
West, leaving no one in the East to carry on the family. Certain it is
that many names are strangers to their east-coast homes now. Again,
the names left by the Roundheads impress us, and we meet Constant
Brayton, Content Silsbee, Content Wing, Faithy Trumbull, Desire
Williams, Temperance jVIatthews, and Charity Peters. Our fore-
fathers were greatly daring in their choice of names, as witness:
Rosefair Brooks, Welthe Barker, Lucretia Creaton, Sarah Doubt,
Perese Hopton, Leafea Ide, Maieson Howard, Rocksalana Willes,
Robe A. Ormsbee, Lendamine Draper, Increase Githernon, Sibilah
Moore, and Petheny Geer. The most amazing family as to names,
however, was the Jones family, duly recorded with births and deaths
in 1797. Perhaps the name Jones seemed too feeble in its appeal, and
so "Pappa" and "Mamma" Jones named their children Thetis,
Thisbe, Sabra, Atlas, the twins Mithra and Luna, and Andes. No one
could ever brand that Jones family as commonplace.
Another interest is in noticing just what each girl says about her
work. They "wrought" it in many ways, according to their own
testimony. One was "written by Tabitha Smith Feb 18*^ 1713 being
then aged 9 years." Sometimes they tell when they began, as did
Sarah Troup, in 1738 ; and some are cryptic, like the child who says,
"I made it in the year of January 1^*^ 1751." Most children tell you
when they finished their work, and you can almost feel the pride with
26 ' AMERICAN SAMPLERS
which they worked the date. There are, however, some rather odd
ways of conveying their meaning :
"In the year of our Lord, 1793".
"Hannah Sanderson Her Exampler", 1789.
"DrusiUa Tomlin Her Sampler and Work", 1793.
But of them all, none gives the hustling American view of life so
succinctly as did one child in the strained year of the outbreak of the
Revolution :
"Sarah Ann Souder worked this in great speed
And left it here for you to read."
Of the children who embroidered samplers, there were some who
deserve mention because they themselves or their near relatives became
well-known. We have recorded the sampler of Abigail Williams,
granddaughter of the "Redeemed Captive" of Deerfield, Massachu-
setts, the Rev. John Williams. Abigail Wadsworth, of Hartford,
whose sampler is dated 1730, was the daughter of Jonathan Wads-
worth, the great Indian fighter, and granddaughter of Joseph, who
hid the Charter in the "Charter Oak." Dorcas Gatcomb, who made
a sampler two years later, became the wife of John Welch, who carved
the original "Codfish" weathervane, now in the Old State House;
and a sampler having a date somewhat later, 1751, bears the name of
Dorcas Welch, daughter of the carver. Abigail Janney, as we have
mentioned before, was the mother of Johns Hopkins. Mary Sterrett,
of Baltimore, made a sampler when she was eleven; at sixteen, a
famous beauty and belle, she had married Richard Gittings, of Long
Green, Maryland. The Massachusetts Historical Society owns a pair,
one done by the sister and one by the niece of Governor Thomas
Hutchinson, of Massachusetts. Doubtless there were other famous
people in this long list of girls, but their fame has not come down to us.
Various other strange things may be noted in passing. Mary
Studley, of Portsmouth, made two samplers in 1753, and so far as
we know broke all known records by each one. The habit of sampler
makers, as a rule, was to make the numerals from 1 to 9 and then to
add a 0. Sometimes they go to 12, and once in a while to 20; but
Marv or Martha Bulyx. Kensington, Pa. 1730
Owned by Mrs. Frederick F. TJionipson
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 27
Mary Studley made one sampler with the numerals from 1 to 49, and
another one marked from 1 to 50. One sampler bears two dates
and two names, that of "Mary Wheatley, 1760," and "Isabella
Thompson, 1797." Apparently, Mary Wheatley never finished her
work, and Isabella Thompson used the unfinished linen to try her skill.
Margaret Starr, in 1795, worked the name of William Cox with her
design, and so helps us all to suspect a romance.
Roman numerals were only occasionally used on samplers.
Elizabeth Holyoke said that her age was xiii in 1784, and Susanna
Holyoke confessed to x in 1790.
The average age of the sampler makers after the seventeenth
century was about thirteen, but we have a record of one made by a
woman of sixty. At the other end of the scale we find Mary Smith,
who was six years old in the year "17014." In her fifth year, Agnes
Rust made one which was only three and a half inches wide, but sixteen
inches long. Polly Fuller, in 1790, was only four years old; and
Catherine Bispham, in 1755, was five. Phebe Cash, a Negro child
belonging to the widow of Dudley Atkins, Esq., of Newbury, Massa-
chusetts, worked her sampler in 1789. We might add that there are
at least three in the collection done by boys. Lemuel Vose, of Milton,
Massachusetts, worked one in 1773; and two years earlier, Gideon
Freeborn, of Rhode Island, embroidered one. He covered the canvas
with diagonal lines in black, with diamonds of yellow, purple, pink,
green, blue, and red between. It would seem to be a rather garish
sampler. Nicholas Bleecker, of Albany, worked one in 1790.
And so the century ended which had seen the growth of a truly
American handicraft, crude in many cases, but a real and sincere
effort to develop artistically. Best of all, it was a growth along
original lines, and no slavish copying of English models; for the
American sampler, bound by no conventional type, is more varied and
more interesting from 1740 on than its English cousin. Being a freer
art, the result is generally pleasing and often quite beautiful.
Ethel Stanwood Bolton.
28-
AMERICAN SAMPLERS
THE EARLIEST SAMPLER KNOWN IN THE
VARIOUS STATES
Massachusetts
New York
Long Island
New Hampshire
Connecticut
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Vermont
South Carolina
1630
New Jersey (1675?)
1720
Delaware
1713
Maine
1719
Georgia
1T21
Virginia
1724
Maryland
1725
North Carolina
1728
Kentucky
1734
Ohio
1740
1747
1750
1763
1765
1766
1786
1800
1807
EARLIEST APPEARANCE OF VARIOUS DESIGNS
Cir. 1610 Alphabet (part). Anne Gower.
Cir. 1610 Name of maker. Anne Gower.
Cir. 1610 Alphabet in eyelet-stitch. Anne Gower.
1630-40 Verse. Loara Standish.
1708 House and tree (doubtful).
1714 Church (doubtful).
1718 Pot of fiowers.
1718 Use of "carpet." "Ashur" and "Elisha." Mary Leavitt.
1720 Numerals.
1721 First border used as a frame. Mary Daintery.
1730 Shepherdess. Mary or Martha Bulyn.
1738 Lord's Prayer and Creed in Tablets. Hannah Trecothick.
1738 Queen-stitch.
1741 Adam and Eve.
1742 House. Does not appear often until 1766.
1743 Multiplication Table. Mary Ellis.
1747 Grapes of Eschol.
1750 Appliqud dress and real hair.
1752 Abraham and Isaac. South Carolina.
1754 Heart.
1756 Eagle.
1763 Revival of lace-work, " hollie-point," "darned lace," and drawn-work.
1766 House.
1774 Genealogical sampler.
1775 Map. France. Frances Brenton.
1778 First Public Building. Brown University and the Old State House, Providence,
Rhode Island.
1780 Painted Sampler. John Mason.
1791 Anchor.
1799 Public Buildings. Liberty Hall. Ann Macomber.
REGISTER OF SAMPLERS, 1700-1799
Adams, Betsey. [1773.] Quincy [Mass.]. 8 yrs. Born in 1764. 17" x 22". 1 alphabet. Cross,
satin, French knot, and stem-stitch. Borders of carnation, strawberry, Greek fret, vine,
tree of life. House and trees. Verse 603. Illustrated. Mrs. Henry Eugene Coe
Adams, Elizabeth. 1776. 3 alphabets. Cross and eyelet-stitch. Strawberry cross-border.
Mrs. Emma B. Hodge
Adams, Elizabeth. [1791.] Red Hook [N. Y.]. 12 yrs. Born March 20, 1779. 8" x 10^".
2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Border of cross-stitch blocks. Mrs. Hubert O. Rose
Adams, Polly. 1779. 11" x 8i". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Cross-stitch border. Conven-
tional design, punch-work corners. Herbert N. Hixon, Esq.
Adams, Sahah. 1786. Medway [Mass.]. 13 yrs. Born September 26, 1773. 6i" x 8". 1 alpha-
bet. Cross-stitch. Plain border. Herbert N. Hixon, Esq.
Afflick, Sabah. 1766. 6 yrs. Three vases containing vines which cover the whole sampler.
Illustrated. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Akerly, Susan. 1797. 8" x 22". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch, 2 small dogs, 2 small trees, large
basket of flowers. 3Irs. Henry E. Coe
Akin, Mary. 1715. Born near Providence [R, I.]. 8^" x 18^". 1 alphabet. Cross, satin, and
eyelet-stitch. Strawberry border. Flower and conventional cross-borders. Verse 491.
Miss Alice Henderson
Algeb, Sally. 1782. [Providence, R, I.] 14^" x 12". Stem, satin, cross-stitch, and chain.
House with figures above it. [Miss Polly Balch's School.] Verse 611.
Mrs. Alfred H. Wilkinson
Allen, Abby. [Cir. 1793.] Born September 6, 1782, 9" x 5^", 1 alphabet. Cross and chain-
stitch. Unfinished, Miss Marie L. Hawkins
Allen, Ame, 1791, Medfield [Mass,], 12 yrs, 8" x 9". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Mrs. Myra B. Whittemore
Allen, Elizabeth. 1774. 19 yrs. 6" x 5". Cross-stitch. Mrs. William H. Gilbane
Allen, Elizabeth. 1793. Smithfield. 7 yrs. 12" x 5". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Verse 377,
The Misses Austin
Allen, Lydia, 1796, 11^" x 16J", 1 alphabet. Carnation border. Hill surmounted with vase
of flowers, also 2 trees with a bird on the top of each. Verse 343 (1, 7).
Memorial Hall, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia
Allen, Maegaket. [1728. Vermont.] 7 yrs. Born January 20, 1721. 9" x 12". 3 alphabets.
Cross, satin, stem, chain, and eyelet-stitch. Plain hemstitched border. Conventional vine,
leaves, and blossoms. Mrs. James H. Bailey
Almy, Ann. 1783. 11 yrs. 8" x 19". 8 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Various cross-
borders in rose, carnation, and strawberry designs. Verses 488, 489 (2, 3). Illustrated,
Mrs. John H. Morison
29
30 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Almt, Kathabine. [Cir. 1728.] 6" x 9i". 1 alphabet. French knot, chain, and cross-stitch.
Cross-borders in various designs. Initials "H T" [Hannah Townsend] in lower corner.
Verse 128. The Misses Kenyan
Alsop, Mary. 1772. 9 yrs. 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch and eyelet-stitch. Greek fret. Butter-
flies, birds, flowers, animals. Verse 602. Mrs. A. E. Alsop
Andrew, Elizabeth Ann Hereth. 1755. [Woodbury, Conn.?] 6 yrs. and 10 dys. 8i" x 13^".
3 alphabets; 1 alone, 3 grouped. Cross-stitch. Trefoil border. Conventional flowers and
cross-borders. Mrs. Henry Eugene Coe
Anthont, Ruth. 1797. 12 yrs. 6" x 5". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Mrs. Walter Slade Gardner
Anthony, Sarah. Verses 129 (var.), 182 (1, 2), 488, 490.
Arnold, Elizabeth. 1737. 12 yrs. 9" x 9". 2 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. Verse 184.
Arthur H. Smith, Esq.
Atkins, Hannah. 1758. Boston [Mass.]. 20 yrs. 7^" x 14|". 3 alphabets. Cross, satin, and
eyelet-stitch. Cross-borders. Miss Helen L. Wells
Atkins, Mary Rttssell. 1762. Newbury [Mass.]. 9 yrs. Born August 30, 1753. 7" x 11".
2 alphabets. Cross, satin, and eyelet-stitch. Greek fret. The Misses Marquand
Atkinson, Abigail. 12 yrs. 8" x 12". Cross-stitch. Carnation border. Miss Sarah C. Currier
Atkinson, Judith. [Cir. 1735.] Newbury [Mass.]. 6^" x 11". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Cross-border. Miss Sarah Jackson Leigh
Ayeb, Patty. 1792. Haverhill [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 13" x 7". 2 alphabets and parts of 3 others.
Cross, satin, stem, and eyelet-stitch. Strawberry and conventional border. Baskets of
flowers. Verse 223. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Backler, Sarah. 1788. 17^" x 14". Cross and satin-stitch. Border of strawberry, rose, carna-
tion, and other flowers. Trees, birds, butterfly, and rabbit. Verse 210.
Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Bain, Eliza M. 1795. East Nottingham [Md.]. 8 yrs. 15" x 17". 3 alphabets. Cross and
flat-stitch. Greek fret border. Verse 648. Mrs. A. O. Brandace
Baker, Betsy. [Cir. 1789.] Ipswich [Mass.]. 12" x 13". Verses 371, 490. Mrs. H. C. Bunner
Baker, Euzabeth. 1786. [Milton or Dorchester?] 11 yrs. Si" x 18^". 2 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Verse 40 (var.). Mrs. Lydia Bowman Taft
Baker, Lydia. [Cir. 1790.] Born January 1, 1777. 8" x 11". 2 alphabets. Cross, stem, chain,
French knot, cat, hem, queen, buttonhole, and satin-stitch. Vine border and queen-stitch
border. Mrs. Lydia Bowman Taft
Balch, Betty. 1786. Bradford [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 8^" x 10|". 1 alphabet. Satin-stitch.
Verse 364. [Grandmother of General Greeley.] Mrs. Adolphus W. Greeley
Balch, Polly. [Cir. 1788.] Born December 3, 1776. 8i" x llf". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Border of wild roses, thistles, clover. Name of Clarissa WaUingsford at bottom.
Miss Lucasta J. Boynton
Baldwin, Eliza. 1780. 10^" x 12". 2^ alphabets. Cross-stitch. Vine border. Baskets of
fruit and conventional clover. Mrs. Frederick F. Thompson
3?"-.
' i"HtauJ-'
■ . / aj*?^irfc^-jj^«J^_5j.v;^^»-^?
wOO TKy soft BOSOM
icet r . r worLD
... ...-.(' '. !'
- ./V ->»< )ft- ■"^ u'
platp: XIII
M -" tMinirr'ii'nr 11'-
Katiierixe Holdex's Sampler. Providence, R. I.? 173.3
Oicned by Mhx M. Frunces Babcock and Mrs. Wliislozc Upton
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 31
Baldwin, Ruthe. 1794. 11 yrs. Satin, stem, cat, chain, and cross-stitch. Elaborate floral
border. In upper section large bush with two birds and lamb on mound. In lower section
two large birds on tree stumps and sheep on mound in center. Verse 92 (2).
Edward R. Trowbridge, Esq.
Baldwin-, Sally. [Cir. 1794.] Satin, stem, cat, chain, and cross-stitch. Floral border. House
sketched in at bottom and unfinished. Two birds on branch growing from tree stump at
right and bird on stump at left. Sheep at either side of house climbing up steep bank,
house and one sheep sketched in but unfinished. Verse 72. Illustrated.
Edward R. Trowbridge, Esq.
Baley, Sabah. 1738. 10 yrs, 8" x 16". 3 alphabets. Cross and queen-stitch. Conventional
border. Rose and carnation, queen-stitch strawberries. Verse 184.
Newport Historical Society
Ball, Jane. 1762. Charleston [S, C,]. 8i" x 8^". Cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge with Greek
key design on sides, 4 hearts forming an oval at top and bottom. Verses 92 (2, var.),
185 (var,), 345. . Mrs. William Ball
Bancroft, Maey Stancliffe. 1792. 7 yrs, 16" x 16". Cross and satin-stitch. Carnation
border. Cross-borders of animals, trees, dishes, carnations, and acorns. Verse 636,
Robert P. Jordan, Esq.
Bancroft, Rachel. 1793. Barnard [Vt.]. 11 yrs. 17i" x 17^". 3 alphabets. Cross, chain,
eyelet, and loop-stitch. Outside border, openwork; inside border, vine and flowers. Greek
fret cross-borders. Verse 617. Mrs. W. P. Brooks
Bancroft, Sarah. 1795. [12 yrs.] 8^" x 8V'. Cross, stem, and tent-stitch. Vine border with
roses. Scene with church, house, and man fishing. "Do justly, love mercy, walk humbly
with thy God." See Cover. Estate of Samuel Bancroft, Jr.
Barclay, Anne. 1797, 8 yrs, 12" x 15", 2 alphabets. Cross and eyelet-stitch. 2 large vases
containing carnations, 1 small vase. Verse 655. Barclay Ward, Esq.
Barker, Welthe. 1781. 9 yrs. 7f " x 9J". 2 alphabets. Cross and satin-stitch. Strawberry
border. Verse 506, Miss Ruth B. Franklin
Barney, Sarah. 1741. 11 yrs. 8" x 15". 3 alphabets. Petit-point and very fine cross-stitch.
Tulip border with cross-borders of rose, Greek fret, wide conventionalized tulip, rose, and
fuchsia, and wide conventionalized passion flower and bird, and trefoil designs. Verse 489,
Brooks-Reed Gallery
Bartlett, Elizabeth, 1762. Plymouth [Mass.], 7 yrs. 12i" x 15", 1 alphabet. Cross and
satin-stitch, Strawberrj' border. Cross-borders of flowers and scrolls. "Remember your
Creator," etc. Verse 695. Mrs. Cora L. Pike
Batchelder, Mary. [1773.] Born Jtme 13, 1757. 1(M" x 16". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Trefoil border on three sides. Cross-borders of conventionalized
carnations. Large vase filled with carnations, two birds, two butterflies, and flowers grow-
ing in the grass. Verse 211. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Beal, Susanna. 1784. 10 yrs. 82" x 91". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched with Greek
border at top. Sheep, Iambs, and trees. Mrs. Lillian M. Highley
Beck, Elizabeth. 1791. Philadelphia [Pa.]. 21 yrs. 4^" x 7|". 1 alphabet. Cross, cat, and
eyelet-stitch. Conventional cross-border, pine trees. Mrs. Henry I. Budd
Becket, Sally. 1782. Salem [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 15" x 18i". 1 alphabet. Stem, eyelet, satin,
and tent-stitch. Solid stem-stitch border. Flowers, trees, house, building at bottom;
flowers, birds, vines, plant in tub at top. Verse 490 (var.). Louis D. Millett, Esq.
32 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Beret, Mahy. 1799. 11 yrs. 11" x 18". 2 alphabets. Cross, satin, and eyelet-stitch. Border,
baskets of flowers, strawberries, etc. House, 2 women, bird, conventional tree.
Mrs. Richard H. Hunt
Bevis, Hannah. 1769. 11 yrs. 7h" x 9*". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Conventional cross-
borders. Verse 9. Miss Susan W. Osgood
BicKNALL, Mahy. [1798. Barrington, R. I. Born in 1783.] 8" x 7", 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Howard M. Chapin, Esq.
BiCKNEix, Eliza [or Elizabeth]. 1793. Abington [Mass.]. 17 yrs. 9" x 8". Alphabet. Cross-
stitch. Verse 490 (var.). Mrs. James M. Hunnewell
BiGBi, Elizabeth. 1796. 8 yrs. and 8 mos. 12" x 15". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Carnation
and vine cross-borders. Animals and plants. Verses 230, 522. Robert P. Jordan, Esq.
Billings, Hannah R. 1784. 15 yrs. 16^" x 16*". 3 alphabets. Border of flowers and vines.
Verse 136. Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
BisPHAM, Catherine. 1755. 5 yrs. 7|" x 10". Parts of 3 alphabets. Plain, broad border.
Mrs. R. S. Southard
BLtJCKER, Nicholas. 1790. Albany [N. Y.]. 9 yrs., 7 mos., 11 dys. 20^" x 24". 2 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Rose border. Conventional cross-border. Verse 215.
Sons and daughters of John N. and Margaret Blucker
Perry Blucker, Mary Blucker, Anatla Blucker, Letty
Bliicker, Elizabeth Bliicker, Hannah Blucker, Nicholas Blucker
Mrs. Oeorge Walton Green
Blunt, Mart Ann. 1799. 10 yrs. Alphabet. Verse 601 (1,2). Miss Frances Goodwin
BoAHDMAN, Sarah. 1799. Newburyport [Mass. 12 yrs.]. Born April 2, 1787. 8*" x 11".
3 alphabets. Cross, satin, and eyelet-stitch. Hemstitched at sides. Greek fret cross-
border at bottom, also birds, tree, and strawberries. Offin Boardman Marshall, Esq.
Bollard, Susannah. 1787. IIV x 19J". Cross and satin-stitch. Strawberry border. Trees,
antelope, birds, and basket of flowers. "If thou scorn the Rod, Believe and tremble, thou
art judged of God." Verse 208. Miss Isabella Hagner
Bond, Catherine. 1797. 12 yrs. 13" x 14i". Alphabet. Cross and eyelet-stitch. Conven-
tional border. Hearts, pedestals, baskets, animals, etc. Verses 99, 282, 345.
Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Bond, Lydia. 1794. Leicester [Mass.]. 12" x 7". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Mrs. Brouwer
Boswohth, Olive. 1795. 10 yrs. 9^" x 14". 2 alphabets. Cross and satin-stitch. Border of
flowers. Panel with verse and flowers. Verse 140. Mrs. Robert Mercur
Boutin, Anne. 1769. 11 yrs. 9" x 11". 1 alphabet. Very fijie cross and satin-stitch. Border
of upright trees. House and tree, etc. Verses 129, 358. Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
BowDiTCH, Eunice. 1718. Salem [Mass.]. 11 yrs. Born March 22, 1707. 4 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Narrow conventional cross-borders. Essex Institute
Bowers, Martha. [1790.] 11 yrs. Born May 21, 1779. 8" x 11". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Cross-border of irregular figures at top. Horace Cecil Fisher, Esq.
Bowman, Anne. 1779. Brownsville [Pa.]. 8 yrs. 18" x 21". Cross and stem-stitch. Rose
border. Trees, flower-pots, and bees. Verse 604. Mrs. William G. Park
Bowman, Lydia. 1767. 16 yrs. 6i" x 7J". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek fret border.
Mrs. Lydia Bowman Taft
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 33
BoYLSTOX, Mary. 1763. [Boston?]. 11 yrs. 8" x 12". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, and cross-
stitch. Strawberry cross-border. Verse 596. Mrs. Charles E. Cotting
Bradbuhy, Harriet. 1786. 15" x 17^". Cross and stem-stitch. Rose border. Vase of flowers.
Verse 625. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Bradford, Sylvia. 1788. 2^" x 11". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Pamelia Washburn Cram
Bradlee, Rachel. 1792. Milton [Mass.]. 13 yrs. Cross-stitch. Verse 637.
Mrs. E. D. Wadsworth
Bradley, Elizabeth. 1792. Dracut [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Vine border.
Verse 513. Mrs. Edward Steese
Bradway, Sarah. 1792. [Lower AUoway Creek Township, N. J. 17 yrs.] Born June 12, 1775.
8|" X 12". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, cross, and flat-stitch. Flat-stitch border. Cross-borders,
Greek cross and strawberry. Verse 586 (1, 2). S. B. [Sarah Bradway], A. B. [Anna
Bradway], E. B. [Ezra Bradway], J. B. [John Bradway], R. B. [Rachel Bradway].
William Bradway, Sarah Bradway [nee Hancock], [parents]. Miss Kate S. Harris
Bbay, Nancy. 1799. lOf" x 171". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Plain cross-stitch
border. Trees, diamonds, hearts, etc. "John Bray Susan Bray." Mrs. William H. Chew
Braytost, Constant. 1770. Somerset [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 15" x 20". [Born 1758.] 1 alphabet.
Cross-stitch. Vine border. Conventional cross-borders of flowers and birds. Verses 127,
488 (var.). Miss Nancy Winslow Mitchell
Brayton, Rebecca. [1788.] 9" x 9". 2 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch.
Mrs. James N. Bourne
Breck, Margaret. 1741. Dorchester [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 7^" x 16". 1 alphabet. Cross and
satin-stitch. Conventional cross-borders. Verses 128 (1, var.), 188. Miss Helen M. Shaw
Breck, Melia. 1781. Boston [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 17" x 18". 3 alphabets. Cross, satin, flat, and
cat-stitch. Vine border. Verse 507. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Breed, Hannah. 1760. Charlestown[?]. [13 yrs.] Born December 28, 1747. Hi" x 7i".
4 alphabets. Eyelet, cross, and stem-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Conventional border in
cross and stem-stitch. Conventional cross-borders. Verse 132 (1, var.).
Mrs. Mary H. Hayes
Brenton, Frances. 1775. Newport [R. I.]. Oval shape. Outline-stitch. Border of flowers.
Design, map of France. Illustrated. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Brewster, Sarah. 1777. Unfinished. Preston [Conn.?]. 8 yrs. &i" x 11^". 1 alphabet.
Cross-stitch. Two rows of stars connected by cross-lines. Verses 128 (1), 188.
W. O. Bowdoin, Esq.
Briggs, Anna. 1799. Salem [Mass.]. 17" x 17". 3 alphabets. Stem and chain-stitch. Border
of vine and flowers. Flower baskets in corners and small arbor in center.
Mrs. Lucy Lyman
Brigham, Sukey LoRiNDA. 1786. Boston [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 12f" x 16f". 2 alphabets. Flat,
cross, and stem-stitch. Vine border. Wild rose vine aroimd panel.
Thomas Munroe Shepherd, Esq.
Britton, Catharine. 1786. Near Wilmington [Del.]. 7" x 7^". 1 alphabet. Eyelet, flat,
chain, and cross-stitch. Cross-stitch border. Family initials. Mrs. Richard T. Cann
Bromfeild, Abigail. 1737. 11 yrs. 8^" x 16^". 3 alphabets. French knot, stem, eyelet, and
cross-stitch. Cross-borders in rose and vine designs. Verse 185.
Mrs. M. A. DeWolfe Howe
34 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Brooks, Rosefaih. 1786. Barre [Mass.]. 15 yrs. 11" x 14". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, cross, and
satin-stitch. Berry and vine border. Ephraim Brooks her father, Eunice Brooks her
mother. Miss Fanny Young
Browx, Abigail ("Nabby"). 1774. Tiverton [R. I.]. 1.5 yrs. 10" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Symmetrical floral design. Adoniram B. Judson, M.D.
Brown, Axna. 1797. 13 yrs. 18" x 22". 1 alphabet. Tapestry, eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Border of vivid and elaborate conventional flowers. Conventional cross-borders of
flowers. House, trees, and birds in center. Verse 100. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Brown, Betty. 1793. Lexington [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 8" x 9^". 1 alphabet. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Border of scrolls. Birds and strawberries. Miss Emily A. Peirce
B[rown], E[ijza]. 1793. Salem [N. J.]. 7 yrs. 8" x 7f". 1 alphabet. Eyelet, buttonhole,
and cross-stitch. Border across top and sides of modified Greek fret with strawberries.
F. B. E. B. F. A. E. A. F. B. A. B. E. B. A. B. M. A. B. (Supposed to be initials of
members of family of E. B.) Verse 343 (1). Miss Lucy Dennis Holme
Brown, Elizabeth. August 16, 1770. 12i" x 13". Eyelet and cross-stitch. Saw-tooth and
carnation border. Hill, sheep, trees, conventional urns with flowers, etc. Verses 500, 501.
Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Brown, Eunice. 12 yrs. 7^" x 21^". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Mrs. Flower
Brown, Fannt. 1773. 9 yrs. 7i" x 9^". Cross-stitch. Adam and Eve and Tree of Knowl-
edge; Sim and moon in upper corners. Mrs. Renwick C. Hurry
Brown, Joanna. 1794. 9 yrs. 8" x 5". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Mrs. Willis H. White
Brown, Mary. 1761. 9" x 11". 1 alphabet. Satin, stem, and cross-stitch. Border of vines
and rosebuds. Trees and baskets of flowers. Verse 594 (1). Mrs. Winthrop H. Wade
Brown, Mary. [1785.] 9 yrs. Born January 19, 1776. 17" x 23". 4 alphabets. Petit-point,
eyelet, and cross-stitch. Border of vines, strawberries, and saw-teeth. Cross-borders.
Trees, birds, animals, baskets, etc. Verse 202 (1). Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Brown, Mary. 1787. [Salem, Mass.?] 11 yrs. 17" x 22". 1 alphabet. Cross and overhand
stitch. Shepherd and shepherdess at bottom with lambs; trees and vines at sides; roses
at top. Verse 40 (var.). Francis H. Bigelow, Esq.
Brown, Mary. 1792. 8 yrs. 13" x 17". Cross-stitch. Carnation border. Adam and Eve,
apple tree, serpent, and bay trees, at bottom. In center, two men, stag, crowns, etc.
Verse 71. Mrs. Willard Saulsbury
Brown, Mary. 1793. New Haven [Conn.]. 15 yrs. 10" x 12". [Born 1777.] 2 alphabets.
Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched border. Cross-borders, trees, and fancy
stitches. Verse 377. Edward M. Bradley, Esq.
Brown, Mary. 1799. Newburj'port [Mass.]. 16" x 18". Alphabets. Chain, eyelet, stem,
feather, cross, and other stitches. "How ridiculous is the girl who wilfully swallows the
poison of flattery. For any personal charms, and, in the height of her intoxication can be
insolent or conceited! What woman of spirit should not aspire to qualities that are less
accidental and less subject to change! What woman of reflexion should not resolve to
adorn and cultivate a mind whose treasure may be inexhaustible and whose attractions
never die." "Each pleasing art lends highness to our minds, and with our studies are our
lives refin'd?" Verse 102. Newburyport Historical Society
-y^]
f ;J'if ry,£4>f ^•^j'^r''' '^>^r}?*t*gr rkh^ tin d ^ii" Gct4 1
i4
PLATE XIV
Haxxaii Trecothick's Sampler. Boston, Mass.
Oicned by Mias Jane E. C. Chapincm
1T38
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 85
Beown, Polly. 1785. [Boston?] 15 yrs. Born May 19, 1770. 8*" x 12^". 2 alphabets. Cross
and stem-stitch. Flowers and vines around panel with name; also flanked by Continental
soldier. Verse 599. Thomas Munroe Shepherd, Esq.
Bhowx, Sarah. [Cir. 1750.] Salem [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 11^" x 15^". 4 alphabets. Cross and
satin-stitch. Strawberry borders. Mrs. Elizabeth Babbidge Heald
Beuce, OLm:. 13 yrs. 8" x 8". 3 alphabets. Cross, satin, and cat-stitch. Cross-borders.
Verse 668. Fitchburg Antique Shop, 1917
Buck, Phebe. 1798. [Fairfield Township, N. J.] 10 yrs. Born November 4, 1787. 13f" x
17f ". 5 alphabets. Cross, satin, stem, eyelet, chain, queen, tent, and outline stitch. Cross-
borders of rosebuds and strawberries; urns of flowers on sides; detached geometrical de-
signs at bottom. Verse 662. Mrs. J. Ogden Burt
BucKLiN, Betsy. 1781. Providence [R. I.]. 12" x 16". Great variety of stitches. Strawberry
border. House, trees, a man and two women, sheep, and angels. Verses 2, 366.
Miss Elizabeth L. Betton
BucKanNSTEE, Maby. [Cir. 1740.] Framingham [Mass.]. Born November 5, 1726. 11" x 9".
2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched border. Greek fret cross-borders.
Miss Frances M. Lincoln
BuFFUM, Ltjct. 1786. 14 yrs. 6" x 4". 1 alphabet. Chain and cross-stitch. The Misses Collins
BuLioD, Mercy. [Cir. 1770.] Born July 30, 1757. 7" x 13". 2 alphabets. Petit-point, queen,
and cross-stitch. Queen-stitch border. Cross-stitch designs of strawberries, birds, roses,
house, trees, man, and woman. Verse undecipherable. Miss Deborah Stoddard
Bull, Mabtha H. 1795. 8" x 8". 2 alphabets. Eight lines and a serpentine border at bottom.
Walpole Galleries, 1917
BuLLABD, Mab[y]. 1781. Oakham [Mass.]. 12 yrs. Cross and stem-stitch. Flowers. Verse
490 (var.). Miss Editha Keefe
BuLLEB, Ann. 1786. [Philadelphia?] 21" x 20". Fine cross-stitch, satin, eyelet, stem-stitch,
buttonholing in scallops, chain-stitch. Strawberry border, trefoil and saw-tooth cross-
borders. Man sitting in a tent, orange trees, camels, six lean sheep, a cow, and men and
women. Also a well-house. Verses, top and middle, too indistinct to read. Illustrated.
Mrs. Charles M. Greene
BuLYN, Maey or Martha [?]. 1730. Kensington [Pa.]. 9i" x 9^". Petit-point and back-
ground stitch. Tree, birds, shepherdess, sheep, and other animals. Illustrated.
Mrs. Frederick F. Thompson
Burgess, Maey. August 23, 1725. 10 yrs. 17" x 17^". 1 alphabet. Flat, satin, and cross-stitch.
Cross-borders of carnation. Greek fret. Rose, vine, trefoil, trees, birds, and small designs.
Verse 127. The Misses Kenyon
BuHRAGE, Mehitabel. 1747. 6" X 1\". 1 alphabet. Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Miss H. E. Cummings
BuRRiLL, Hannah. June 2, 1770. 11 yrs. "Born September 10, 1758." 14" x 18". 2 alphabets.
Cross, satin, stem, flat-stitch. Floral border. At top, two couples sitting imder a tree. In
center, a lady and gentleman, each with a large bird on the hand, on either side of an urn.
George L. Shepley, Esq.
Butcher, Mary. 1740. [New Jersey.] 12" x 18". 1 alphabet. Satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch.
Greek fret border. Father and mother, John and Mary Butcher. Grandfathers and grand-
36 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
mothers, John and Damaris Butcher, Peter and Sarah Harvey. Brothers and sisters,
Sarah, John, Jonathan, Kathtura, Thomas. Chinese designs, trees, and birds. Verse 488
(var.). Miss Jessie Nicholson
C , B . 179-. 4 yrs. Born February 17, [?]. 8^" x 11^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Saw-tooth border. Strawberrj' and carnation border at bottom. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
C , E . 1796. 4" X 2|". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Parrots and baskets of flowers.
Mrs. Miles White, Jr.
Caldwell, Ltdla. 1796. [11 yrs.] Born March 27, 1785. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch.
Verse 386. Mrs. George F. Choate
Caldwell, Ruth. [Cir. 1780.] Hartford [Conn.]. Born August 12, 1767. 8" x 9i". 1 alpha-
bet. Cross-stitch. Trees, birds, fruit, flowers, and lambs. Fancy design below name.
Mrs. Henry P. Briggs
Caldwell, Susanna. 1797. Ipswich [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 8" x 9". 1 alphabet. Chain and cross-
stitch. Scroll border. Verses 10 (1), 128 (1, var.). Miss Martha A. Palmer
Calef, Margabet. 1767. Middletown [Conn.]. 13" x 16". Cross-stitch. House, hill, trees,
man, woman, birds, sheep, and flowers. Illustrated. Mrs. W. 8. Fulton
Capen, Maey. 1784. 11 yrs. 12" x 14§". 2 alphabets. Tapestry, eyelet, satin, and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. Elaborate pastoral scene. Unfinished verse 43.
Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Cabbutt, Maby. 1761. 13 yrs. 8" x 4". 2 alphabets. Satin, bird's-eye, and cross-stitch. Plain
cross-borders. Birds and conventional designs. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Cahleton, Sarah. 1789. Methuen [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 15" in length. 2 alphabets. Tent, stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Vine and strawberry border. Trees, rose-bush, and bird.
Miss Lucy W. Davis
Cahpentee, Abby. 1795. llj" x 8J". 5 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. Cross-stitch border.
Verse 620 (2). (Unfinished.) Edward I. Mulchahey, Esq.
Cahpenteh, Eliza. 1797. 16^" x 16^". 1 alphabet. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Vine and straw-
berry border. Houses, trees, man, woman, children, deer, birds, and flowers.
W. B. Lawshe, Esq.
Cake, Wait. 1737. 10 yrs. 20i" x 101". 3 alphabets. Verses 186 (1), 343 (1, 2), 346.
Cakrell, Mehetable. 1773. [Near Salem, Mass.] 10 yrs. lOi" x 16i". 2 alphabets. Eyelet,
flat, stem, and cross-stitch. Vine and flower border. Bunches of strawberries. Verse 128.
Miss Elizabeth R. Colles
Caeeoll, Maey Claee. 1738. 12" x 24". 10 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Large vases of flowers,
roses on each side, flower border below. Verses 130, 345 (1).
Exhibited in National Museum, Washington, D. C, by National Society of Colonial Dames
Caeeoll, Maey Clare. 1739. 18" x 9". Alphabets. French knot, chain, eyelet, stem, cat, tent,
satin, and cross-stitch. Flowers and cross-borders.
Maryland Society of the Colonial Dames
Caevel, Patience. 1785. Middleborough [Plymouth County, Mass.]. 3 alphabets. Unfinished.
Old Dartmouth Historical Society
Cash, Phebe. 1789. Newbury [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 9|" x IIV'. 2 alphabets. Eyelet, cross, and
quadruple cross-stitch. House, trees, and shed. Below, second design of birds and trees.
Made by Negro child belonging to Mre. Sarah (Kent) Atkins, widow of Dudley Atkins,
Esq., of Newbury. The Misses Marquand
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 37
Chace, Elizabeth D. 1T43. 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verses 189, 342 (var.), 390. "Value
your time. The foundations of virtue and knowledge are laid in youth."
Old Dartmouth Historical Society
Chace, Mary. 1T88. [North Paxton, Mass.] 11 yrs. 16" x 16". 3 alphabets. Stem-stitch.
Rose border. Shield, eagle, and horn of plenty. " In God we Hope." Verse 2a.
Mrs. George H. Davenport
Chadwick, Chahlot. 1798. [Huntington or Greenport, L. I.] 12" x 14". Cross-stitch.
Acorn border. Verse at top; scattered designs of trees, flowers, houses, etc., in center;
row of conventional flowers at bottom. Verse 26. Mrs. Henry Eugene Coe
Chalmebss, Kathrike. 1796. 12|" x 17|". Cross-stitch, long and short. Strawberry border.
Lady and gentleman in Colonial dress, also dogs, birds, trees, etc. Mrs. George C. Fraser
Chamberlaix, Hetty S. 1774. 9" x 8". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched border, plain
cross-borders. Miss Eleanor 8. Hall
Chaxdler, Anxa and Elizabeth. [Cir. 1774.] Gloucester [Mass.]. "A. Chandler born in
York March 8th 1743 E. Chandler born in Gloucester May 2nd 1763". IQl" x 15|".
3 alphabets. Ej-elet, cross, and satin-stitch. Small triangular pattern cross-borders.
Verses 128, 187, 490 (var.). Dedham Historical Society
Chase, Sally. [Cir. 1790.] Newbury [Mass.]. Born September 5, 1779. 7" x 7". 1 alphabet.
Cross-stitch. Cross-stitch border. The Misses Tenney
Chaver, Elizabeth. 1758. 8" x 11". Mrs. H. E. Gilllngham
Chelton, Joanna. 1796. 10" x 17^". 3 alphabets. Tent, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Rose
border. Trees and scattered blossoms on a grassy slope. "J C. AC. TEC. W C.
J C. E C." W. R. Lawshe
Chequire, Axx Louise. 1799. Baltimore [Md.]. 9 yrs. 15" x 18". 4 alphabets. Cross, eye-
let, and chain-stitch. Hemstitched edge with strawberry border. Verse 665.
National Museum, Washington, D. C.
Chester, Elizabeth. 1784. 11 yrs. 9" x 12". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Elaborate cross-
stitch border. Rising sun in center. Elsie Schuyler Cram
Child, Elizabeth. 1764. 12 yrs. 13^" x 114". 2 alphabets. Satin, bird's-eye, and cross-stitch.
Zigzag border. Basket of carnations. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Church, Hannah. 1747. 14 yrs. 10^" x 26^". 2 alphabets. Cross and satin-stitch. Conven-
tional borders. Figures of persons and trees in pots. Verse 40 (var.) and Collect for the
Fourth Sunday after Trinity. Edward B. Andrews, Esq.
Church, Lydia. 1791. New Haven [Conn.]. "Mrs. Mansfield's School." 4 alphabets. Petit-
point, stem, satin, chain, queen, eyelet, couching, and cross-stitch, also spangles sewed on.
Vine and flower border rising out of vases at lower corners. Large flowers in upper
corners. At bottom, scene with house, trees, fence, two men and a woman, and several
small animals. Verse 217. Illustrated. Hartford Historical Society
Chute, Judith. 1762. [Rowley, Mass.] 18 yrs. 8" x 13". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch.
Cross-borders in various stitches. Howard M. Chapin, Esq.
Clap, Hannah. 1770. Dorchester [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 13|" x I62". Stem, cross, and other
stitches. Strawberry border. Conventional cross-borders. Fruit tree, birds, animals, etc.
Verse 129 (var.). Miss Marion S. Abbot
Clapp, Catherine. 1793. Dorchester [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 16" x 16". Cross-stitch. Strawberry
border and cross-borders. Flowers, Uons, etc. Verse 516. Miss Anna Humphreys
38 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Clakk, Mahy. 1716. 13 yrs. 7^" x 18". Alphabet. Cross-stitch, very little satin-stitch. Part
of sampler worked upside down. Mrs. Charles E. Atkinson
Clark, Mahy. 1789. 19" x 16f ". Floral and vine border in outline, chain, French knot, satin,
stem, and cat-stitch. Center of sampler done in great variety of hollie-point lace. Illus-
trated. Mrs. Caroline R. Patterson
Clark, Phcebe. 1798. Stony Brook [N. J.]. 14J" x 20". Cross, satin, and stem-stitch. Carna-
tion and tulip border. House on terrace, trees, flowers, cows, and sheep. Verse 236 (var.).
Charles Clark Black, Esq.
Clark, Ruth. [Cir. 1798. Vermont.] 11" x 14". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek fret
border across center. Initials of 13 persons with date of birth, and initials of 4 persons
with date of death, probably the Clark family. Mrs. George O. Barnes
Classen, Maey. 1725. [Newport, R. I.] 7 yrs. 10" x 17". 2 alphabets. Cross, satin, and
cat-stitch. Carnation, trefoil, and Greek fret borders. Birds and flowers at the bottom.
Verse 342. Mrs. Charles K. Bolton
Clayton, Mary. 1787. 18" x 25". Cross-stitch. Morning-glory border. Strawberry and
other conventional designs across top. Verse 370.
Sale of Boss H. Maynard, Esq., March, 1916
CoALE, Mary Abby. 1797. ["Morven" in Anne Arundel County, Md.] 8 yrs. [Born Febru-
ary 4, 1789.] 7" X 10^". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Cross-borders of different stitches.
Mrs. Francis T. Redwood
CoALE, Mary Abby. [1799 or 1800. "Morven," Anne Arundel County, Md. 10 or 11 yrs.]
7i" X 8i". 1 alphabet. Cross-borders. Mrs. Francis T. Redwood
Coffin, Dorothy F. [Cir. 1785.] Born May 8, 1774, at Newburyport [Mass.]. 17" x 22".
4 alphabets. Cross, satin, and eyelet-stitch. Strawberry border. Hill, trees, flowers, birds,
animals, etc. Verse 368. Miss Helen Pike
Coffin, Mary Johnson. 1799. Newbury [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 11" x 14^". 2 alphabets. French
knot, stem, satin, outline, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched and rose borders. Cherry tree,
bird, lamb, vase of roses, etc. Mrs. Edward O. Shepard
Coggeshall, Eliza. 1784. 10 yrs. 16^" x 12". 1 alphabet. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Rose
border. House, people, birds, and dogs. "Duty to God Fear and Love we owe above."
Miss Eliza A. Kaighn
Coggeshall, Mary. 1774. Newport. 15" x 10^". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Verse
502 (var.). Miss Eliza A. Kaighn
Coggeshall, Patty. [Cir. 1790.] "Bristol New E." Born February 15, 1780. 15" x 20".
1 alphabet. Cross, split, satin, and queen-stitch. Border of various flowers at sides, and
at top figures of men, women, animals, etc. In center, two scenes with men, women, chil-
dren, trees, birds, animals, etc. Verse 594 (1, var.). Illustrated in color.
Metropolitan Museum, New York
CoGiLL, Martha. 1763. Philadelphia. 18 yrs. 18" x 12". Eyelet, satin, petit-point, drawn-
work, and hemstitch. Drawn-work and buttonhole-stitch in border. Flower-pot with
sprays of flowers. Flowers in drawn-work in 14th century embroidery. Name and date
on pot. Mrs. Clarence North
Cogswell, Abigail. 1792. Ipswich [Mass.]. 11 yrs. Born January 7, 1781. 8" x 9^". 3 alpha-
bets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Plain hemstitched border. Conventional design in eyelet-
stitch. Mrs. William C. West
■".0-.^ 4 • ■•■■-
■ f^ v.:
■■■--
<■.'■■■.
?•: ^-'■^:
c^^^^: ^:' :;
u'--... '--"A
''Si. fe-
^ ;
OS »-
S ^
C
Ed
c
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 39
Cogswell, Betsy. [Cir. 1775.] Born August 25, 1764. 13" x 17". 2 alphabets. Cross and
satin-stitch. Space left unfinished. Mrs. Henry Lowell Hiscock
Cogswell, Hannah. [Cir. 1778.] Born November 6, 1767. 9^" x 10". 1 alphabet. Cross and
satin-stitch. Cross-borders. Trees. Mrs. Henry Lowell Hiscock
Cogswell, Sahah. 1773. Born June 8, 1763. 8" x 8*". 2 alphabets. Cross and satin-stitch.
Cross-borders. Mrs. Henry Lowell Hiscock
CoLcoTT, Dorcas. 1796. Romsey. 16" x 24". 2 alphabets. Stem, petit-point, eyelet, cross,
satin, and 2-sided line-stitch. Strawberry border. Darky stealing a chicken, bushes, birds,
parrot on a tree, pillars of flowers, etc., in center ; at bottom, parrot on a tree, house, fence,
barn, deer, etc. Verse 531a. Mr. Colket
Coleman, Ann. Verse 341.
Coleman, Elizabeth. 1766. Philadelphia [Pa.]. 9 yrs. 12^" x 12^". Cross, satin, stem, and
tent-stitch. Floral border. Verse, "The Universal Prayer," by Pope.
Horace Wells Sellers, Esq.
Collins, Ruth. [Cir. 1795.] Hopkinton, R, I. [Born May 2, 1784.] 7|" x 11". 2 alphabets.
Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Floral borders. Fruit trees topped by large birds.
Verse 649. Miss F. B. Kenyan
[CoLUNS, Teyphenla. Cir. 1790.] 21" x 22". Cross-stitch. Rosebud border. Strawberry and
conventional cross-borders. Large sprays of flowers and two butterflies in center. Verses
23, 34. Illustrated. Mrs. B. Osgood Peirce
Conant, Chahlotte. 1790. 4" x 6i". "Her Examplar." 1 alphabet.
A. 8 tain forth, Dealer, 1917
Conant, Sakah. 1790. 6" x 4". "Her Exampler." 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch.
M. B. Lemon, Dealer
Cooche, Francis Elizabeth. 1735. 11" x 14". Large vase with handles, holding carnations,
tulips, and rosebuds. Flowers scattered on grass.
Mrs. E. A. Whelan and Miss Mary Zellar
Code, Moeilla. 1714. [Date questionable.] 10 yrs. 9" x 7". Satin and cross-stitch. House,
trees, and shrubs, also large detached rose in upper corner. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Cooper, Elizabeth. 1763. Woodbury [N. J.], 11 yrs. 9" x 11^", 2 alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Cross-borders. Initials: J. C. A. C. T. M. M. M. D. C. S. C. A. C.
A. C. P. C. A. C. W. C. Verse 697. 3Iiss Sibyl T. Jones
Cooper, Susanna. 1798. 12 yrs. 12^" x 13 J". Stem, satin, chain, and cross-stitch. Vine and
flower border. In center, large basket filled with fruit. Mrs. G. H. Buek
Copp, Ester. 1755. 11 yrs. 12" x 15". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Tree and tulips. "Better
it is to be of an humble spirit with the lowly, than to divide the spoil with the proud."
Gift of John B. Copp to the National Museum, Washington, D. C.
Cowan, Eleanor. 1797. Salem [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 124" x 17". 2 alphabets. Stem and cross-
stitch. Strawberry. Verse 601 (1,2,3). Miss Susan W. Osgood
CowDREY, Eliza. 1787. 12 yrs. 13" x 17^". Satin, stem, and cross-stitch. Border at top and
bottom of carnations and vine; at sides of vine and triangular leaves. House, peacocks at
each side of door, birds, children, men, and animals in upper half. Large tree, men, chil-
dren, birds, flowers, and shrubs in lower half. Verse 41. Alice W. Belcher
Cowing, Rachel. 1793. Born September 9, 1782. Si" x 8". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
40 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Cowing, Saeah. [Cir. 1793.] Born March 29, 1782. 8^" x 8^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Cox, Esther. [Cir. 1768. Near Boston.] Born March, 1759. 9i" x 14". 2 alphabets. Cross,
satin, stem, chain, French knot, and buttonhole-stitch. Border of conventional flowers,
which spring from a basket in middle of border across bottom; peacock in middle of border
at top. " Nothing lovelier can be foimd in woman than to study household Good and good
works in her Husband to promote." "Remember thy Creator in the days of thy youth,"
etc, Mrs. Henry E. Coe
CozzENS, Eliza. 1795. Satin, split, eyelet, and stem-stitch. Border of vine and flowers. In
center, basket filled with fruit and berries; birds flying above. Illustrated.
Rhode Island School of Design
Crane, Mehitable. 1793. 10" x 16". 4 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Simple cross-
stitch borders. Verse 641. Miss Hannah Weston Clap
Ceeaton, Lucretia. 1790. Charleston [S. C.]. 16^" x 211". Alphabet. Split, cat, tent, stem,
satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Cross-borders in Greek fret, diamond,
and vase designs. Verses 92a (2, var.), 627. Mrs. John F. Bennett
Cross, Betsy. 1799. Haverhill [N. H.]. 9 yrs. 12^" x 16^". 3 alphabets. Border design is
little rings linked together. Mrs. Abram Whitcomb
Crow, Elizabeth. 1747. 12^" x 16". Cross and satin-stitch. Double strawberry border. At
bottom, trees, rabbits, basket of flowers, etc. Verse 131. Mrs. George E. Dadmun
Crowninshield, Mary. 1748. Salem [Mass.]. "Union Academy." 8 yrs. 8" x 8". 2 alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch. Mrs. Carl A. de Oersdorff
Cummings, Nancy. 1799. Westford [Mass.]. 18^" x 20". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, cross, satin,
and stem-stitch. Border of strawberries, carnations, poppies, roses, and vines, also berries.
Trees and vase filled with carnations, roses, etc. Verse 601 (1, 2, 3, var.).
Mrs. Henry O. Mitchell
Curtis, Lydia. 1799. 9 yrs. 10§" x 11^". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, stem, and cross-stitch.
Carnation border. Trees on mounds. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Curtis, Sarah. 1770, Salem [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 8" x 10", 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch, Straw-
berry border on three sides. Small, separate designs, Essex Institute
CusHiNG, Hannah, [1796,] 10 yrs. 16" x 12". Cross-stitch, Flowers tied with a blue bow-
knot. Miss Julia Cushing
CusHiNG, Joanna. 1775. Hingham [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 12" x 14", Alphabet, Cross-stitch.
Grecian border. Verses 128 (1, var,), 607. Mrs. Frederick Gate
Cushing, Lucy, 1792. Turner [Me,]. 13 yrs. 12 J" x 16". 3 alphabets and separate letters.
Eyelet and cross-stitch. Conventional border. House, grassy terrace, rose bushes, and sun-
flowers. Verse 128 (1, var,). Tailpiece, Mrs. Paul B latch ford
Cushing, Mary, 1799, Scituate, 9§" x 9§", 2 alphabets. Drawn-work and cross-stitch.
Verse 527, A. Stain forth, Dealer, 1917
Cutter, Hannah. 1771, Portsmouth [N. H,], 11 yrs. lOf" x 221". 4 alphabets. Cross,
satin, stem, and eyelet-stitch. Trees and clover. Miss Mary Hale Wheeler
Daintery, Mary, 1721, 8 yrs, [Born December 22, 1713. Near New Haven.] 12" x 11".
Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Border of vine and strawberry blossoms, and cross-border of
the same. "Publius Lentulus his Letter to the Senate of Rome concerning Jesus Christ."
lUustrated. Mrs. G. H. Buek
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 41
Davexpokt, Abigail. [Cir. 1750?] 11 yrs. 22" x 8". 2 alphabets. Two crowned lions on either
side; two trees topped by birds; strawberries, baskets, etc. Verse 126 (1, 2).
Massachusetts Historical Society
Davis, Eles. 1798. 10" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Simple line border. Verse 490 (var.).
Miss Charlotte M. Smith
Davis, Lydia. 1799. Concord [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 15V' x 17^". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and
cross-stitch. Conventional border on three sides. Conventional designs. Verses 142, 490
(var.). Mrs. Joseph B. Ross
Davis, Mary. 1778. [Burlington County, N. J.] 8" x 12". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. Mrs. Morris D. Wickersham
Day, Deborah. 177T. Methuen [Mass.?]. 10" x 16". 1 alphabet. Stem-stitch. Border of
carnations at top and vine with small flowers on sides. House, tree, birds, dog, two ladies,
etc. Verse. Mrs. Charlotte C. Ames
Deane, Sylvia. 1784. 17 yrs. 9" x 9". 2 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch.
Mrs. L. Earle Rowe
Deavenport, Mariah. 1741. 12 yrs. 16" x 10". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Conventional cross-borders. Adam and Eve and Tree of Knowledge. Illustrated.
Windham Library
De Banc, Suzanne Louise. 1748. 8 yrs. 18" x 8^". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-
stitch. Vine border. House, trees, birds, animals, woman, two angels, etc. Verse in
French, 588. Mrs. Rebecca 8. Price
Dejung, Hannah. 1786. Born November 16, 1776. 9^" x 8". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Cross-lines. Verses 205, 206. Albert C. Bates, Esq.
DzmNG, Sally. 1725. 3i" x 12". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Following additions probably
put in by Florence Davis:
Florence Davis, 1865 Born Dec 19
Francis Mead Davis 1845 Dec 1
Elizabeth Deyo Mead 1820 Jan 16
Sally Deming Deyo 1799 March 15 Mrs. Riley A. Vose
Denny, Polly. 1785. Leicester [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 14" x 7". 2 alphabets. Cross, eyelet, and
satin-stitch. Mrs. John A. Sweetser
Derby, Elizabeth. 1774. Salem [Mass.]. lOi" x 14". 4 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch.
Conventional border of vine and flowers. Conventional cross-border of flowers, "Idleness
is the root of all Evil." "Modesty becomes the fair sex thro life." Essex Institute
Dewey, Charlotte. 1796. 11 yrs. 8" x 12". 2 alphabets. Cross, tent, and chain-stitch. Vine
border. Tree design. Miss Mary Jeannette Tilton
Dick, A[nna]. 1797. [Salem, N. J. 10 yrs.] 8^" x Hi". 2 alphabets. Cross, satin, eyelet,
buttonhole, and tent-stitch. Strawberry border. [Father and mother] Samuel Dick
Sarah Dick. [Sisters and brothers] R. D. [Rebecca] M. D. [Maria] J. D. [Jane] S. D.
[Sally] A. D. [Anna] I. D. [Isabel] A. D. S. D. [Samuel] W. D. [WiUiam], Verse 343
( 1 var. ) . Miss Maria H. Mecum
Dick, A[nna]. 1799. [Salem, N. J. 12 yrs.] lOg" x llf". 3 alphabets. Cross, satin, and
buttonhole-stitch. Conventional border. Cross-lines. S D [Dr. Samuel Dick, father]
S D [Sarah Dick, mother] R D [Rebecca] M D [Maria] J D [Jane] S D [Sally]
ID [Isabel] AD [Anna, who made sampler] SD [Samuel] WD [William] MD [Mary].
Verse 240. Miss Maria H. Mecum
4.2 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Dickinson, Polly. 1798. Hadley, Mass. 11 yrs. Born November, 1787. Si" x 9". 2 alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch. Narrow hem. Verse 237. [The linen was woven by Polly Dickinson.]
Mrs. H. H. Wells
DiLLWYN, Ann. 1753. 8 yrs. [Born in 1746 at Burlington, N. J.] 8^" x 9". 2 alphabets.
Cross-stitch with hole in center. Miss Susan P. Wharton
Dole, Elizabeth. 1752. 9 yrs. Born December 3, 1743. lOJ" x 14". 4 alphabets. Eyelet,
satin, and cross-stitch. Twenty-two cross-borders. Newburyport Historical Society
Dole, Polly. [1793.] Newbury [Mass.]. 8 yrs. Born January 25, 1785. 7^" x 9". 2 alpha-
bets. Chain and cross-stitch. Sides hemstitched, strawberry vine at top, picture at bottom.
Basket of flowers. Miss Sarah Jackson Leigh
DoLiBEB, Anne S. 1767. [Marblehead.] 16 yrs. 7^" x 10". 1 alphabet. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Saw-tooth border. Carnation cross-border at bottom. Flower designs. Verse 357.
Marblehead Historical Society
Doubt, Sabah. 1764. 9 yrs. 12" x 20". 1 alphabet. French knot, buttonhole, stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Cross-borders in various designs. Elaborate pastoral
scene at bottom, with trees, birds, flowers, animals, man, and woman. Verse 188.
Mrs. Richard Cobb
Douglass, Peggy. 1796. [Kent County, Del. Worked at Mme. Capron's School, Philadelphia,
Pa.] 15^" X 15^". 3 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Roses, carnations, and white
berry sprays in border. Strawberry wreath at bottom enclosing verse. Verse 488 (var.).
Miss Harriet Clayton Comegys
Dow, Ruth. 1792. 12 yrs. Born May 3, 1780. 18" x 21". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Double
strawberry border. Cross-border of carnations. Scene with house, red lion, sheep, birds,
etc. Verse 222. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Deafer, Elizabeth. 1773. [Age worn off.] 12J" x Hi". 3 alphabets. Mostly cross-stitch.
Plain border. Trees and animais. "Bless the Lord O My Soul," etc.
Miss Sarah M. Draper
Dhapeb, Lendamine. [Cir. 1791. 11 yrs.] Born in Dedham, March 30, 1780. 11" x 15". 1 al-
phabet. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Double border of eyelet and cross-stitch. Birds, cats,
vases, trees, etc. Verse 373. Mrs. George Marsh
Draper, Lydia. 1742. 13 yrs. Born December 16, 1729. lOi" x 15^". 2 alphabets. Eyelet
and cross-stitch. Hemstitched border. "Nothing is so sure as Death & nothing is so
uncertain as the Time When I may be to old to Live but I can never be to young to Die
I will so live every hour as if I was to die the next." Mrs. Oliver Wyeth
Draper, Susanna. 1778. [10 yrs.] 12^" x 17i". 3 alphabets. Mostly cross-stitch. Plain
border. Trees and animals. "Bless the Lord O my Soul," etc. Miss Sarah M. Draper
Driver, Elizabeth. 1795. Salem [Mass.]. 18" x 18". 3 alphabets. Rose border across top.
Cross and stem-stitch. Scene with man and woman gayly dressed, hill, dog, and butterflies.
Essex Institute
Dudley, Elizabeth. 1736. Roxbury [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 8" x 18". 3 alphabets. Great variety
of stitches. Plain border. Elaborate design with birds, etc. Verse 128 (var.), the Lord's
Prayer, and "Remember thy Creator," etc. [Granddaughter of Governor Joseph Dudley.]
Rev. Dudley Richards Child
Dudley, Lucy. 1788. Concord [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 10" x 10". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Greek fret borders. Miss Gertrude Pierce
-,t
foj-fl-ii V :-?,"•- ■■tt: J.. J ,,',-, -...-. '-.-i ■•:,--,..- ■,"i--'- :■*•-.- < • -f ••,: .■'; , ■! i :a v,-;.!..^-i» -v- .
• ■■•'. ;'<-«-4
•• ,^ • -iT-ini-Tiir « i-i ^ i '~ ~ t^ r ™ ' * ^' ^1 r r^^TT^ l^ ^l ; l^> « t ll^ | l ■||llll| ^ ^lfl^-^ W l■llnlJll>■ll■lln-•^n^nT^1^^ ,*. •■).>• ; -f,-.
^-- "" '~^-At.^.:-'' -■■.;• .."• -■'.*, ; :":-:^vlJ-"' ■"r-"^^''-''* :--'V^!:- •»"•''■■'"'♦'''-•■'• "- '• ' -■*"^'i -'':'• i-' ^' -^■"•- J-J
^la^t 'ill
M
PLATE XVI
Ruth Haskell's Sampler. Cir. 1760
Oieiied by the Society for the Preservation of Sexi: England Antiquities
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 43
Duncan, Esther. 1752. 8" x 21". Alphabets. Ej'elet and cross-stitch. Cross-borders in
scroll, vine, point, lozenge, and circle. Verse 495. Mrs. John H. Morison
Dunn, Harriet. 1790. [New Jersey.] 10 yrs. 7" x 15". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Miss Katharine Harriet Oraham
DuRBOROUGH, Patty Ringgold. [Cir. 1791. Ivy HaU, Kent County, Del.] Born in 1781.
8" X 8". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Vine border. Mrs. Frederic Tyson
Dyer, Patty. 1797. Providence [R. I.]. 8 yrs. 12" x 12". 4 alphabets. Chain and cross-
stitch. Verse 47 (1). Miss Katherine C. Mitchell
E , E. D. 8" X 10". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Simple border. Two strawberry plants at
bottom. Groton Historical Society
Eahl, Esther. 1797. [Near Pemberton, Burlington County, N. J.] 11 yrs. [Born October 9,
1786.] 12i" X 17f". 2 alphabets. Cross, satin, eyelet, chain, queen, cat, flat, and stem-
stitch. Strawberry border.
" Esther Earl Daughter of Joseph and
Theodosia Earl. Her work in her 11th year
1797. Sarah Shoemaker." [Teacher?]
Verse 654. Miss Sarah Rowan Budd
Earl, Maby. [Cir. 1766.] Born September 9, 175(?). 8i" x 20". Alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Cross-borders in various designs. Verse 128 (var.). Mrs. Fred R. Gibbs
Easton, Elizabeth. 1795. 10 yrs. Born June 8, 1785. 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Border,
medley of flowers and birds. Square containing her name and date, part of border. In
center a house, with a man on the left and a woman on the right. Verse 10 (1 and 2).
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
Eaton, Elizabeth A. 1797. Dudley [Mass.]. 7 yrs. 16^" x 16^". 2 alphabets. Cross and
satin-stitch. Greek fret border. In center, trees with birds ; at bottom, house in right-hand
corner, basket in left-hand corner, verse in center. Verse 235 (1). [She lived to be one
hundred years old.] Mrs. George M. Thornton
Eddy, Sabah Ann. 1771. Milbury. 11 yrs. 20" x 20". Alphabets. Cross, satin, and outline-
stitch. Vine border. House, trees, and birds. Verse 601 (1, 2, var.).
Mrs. Augustus Hemenway
Edglow, Jane. 1795. "Begun in the School of Industry, 1795." 16" x 20". Cross and chain-
stitch. Strawberry border. Man and woman under tree, and various scattered designs
such as houses, trees, animals, flowers, etc. Verse 521. Mrs. Richard H. Hunt
Elkins, Jean. 1796. Marblehead [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 15^" x 15". 1 alphabet. Stem and cross-
stitch. Rose, trefoil, and strawberry border. Stage scene with curtain, gentleman present-
ing a flower to a lady, lamb in foreground and pots of flowers. Verse 188.
Mrs. Arthur A. Bamford
Ellery, Maby Gould. 1799. 6 yrs. 10" x 13". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch.
Borders. Verse 609 (var.). Heirs of Mrs. Henry Rust Stedman
Ellis, Elizabeth. 1799. [Near Crosswicks, N. J. 14 yrs.] Born October 5, 1785. 10^" x 13".
3 alphabets. Cross and flat-stitch. Strawberry and vine border. Sheep and lambs in
corner, at bottom; also birds, trees, and large flower-pot between two green plots.
Mrs. Rebecca S. Price
44 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Ellis, Mary. 1743. Hem, cross, chain, stem, buttonhole, and lace-stitch. Chain-stitch border.
Conventional flowers. Middle worked in small squares to leave canvas in rows of diamond
shape. Some of these contain faint figures, probably intended for a multiplication table.
Illustrated. Miss Ellen F. Vose
Ellis, Mahy. 1749. 11 yrs. 7f " x 12". Cross-stitch. Rosebud border. Large vase of flowers
and small baskets of fruit. The Lord's Prayer. Mrs. H. de B. Parsons
Ellis, Meeibah. 1793. [Crosswicks, N. J.] 14 yrs. [Born January 8, 1779.] 9" x 13^".
3 alphabets. Great variety of stitches. Strawberry border. At bottom, two green mounds
with two trees on each, flowers growing in grass, large flower-pot in center. Small designs
of flowers, baskets, houses, fruit, and birds. Mrs. Rebecca 8. Price
Elmer, Esther. 1798. [Fairfield Township, Cumberland County, N. J.] 13i" x 17i". 5 al-
phabets. Cross, satin, stem, eyelet, queen, tent, and outline-stitch. Border, carnation and
Greek fret. Strawberrj^ and rosebud cross-borders. Urns of flowers at sides. At bottom,
sprays of detached geometrical designs. Verse 660. J. W. E. E. [Esther Elmer, maker]
D. E. [Daniel Elmer, brother] W. W. [William Westcott, half-brother] C. E. [Charles
Elmer, brother] B. T. E. [Benjamin T. Elmer, brother]. Mrs. J. Ogden Burt
Elmer, Sahah. 1787. [Bridgeton, N. J.] 7 yrs. 10" x 12". 3 alphabets. Fagot, cross, and
satin-stitch. Strawberry plants and bird on branch. Mrs. Lewis P. Bush
Emersok, Axne. 1799. 13" x 22". 2 alphabets. Cross, satin, eyelet, and outline-stitch. Hem-
stitched edge. Conventionalized strawberry and carnation border. Rose cross-borders in
flat-stitch. Birds and sheep under trees and strawberry plants; sketchy bird, good cow,
etc., at bottom. Verse 634a. For sale at Koopman's
Evans, Eleanor. 1797. 13 yrs. 19" x 19". 2 alphabets. Cross, satin, stem, and chain-stitch.
Vine border in cross-stitch. In center a vase full of flowers, standing on a table. Names
given on sampler, as follows: Samuel Evans, Ann Evans, Edward Morris, Eleanor Morris,
Jacob Evans, Hannah Evans, Samuel Evans, Morris Evans, Jonathan Evans, George
Evans, Enos Evans, Aaron Evans, Eleanor Evans, Nathan Evans, Elizabeth Evans.
1797 A. E. "Behold King David Tends his flocks A thousand little Lambs Down" . . .
[needle with silk at end of this unfinished quotation]. Verse 503 (var.).
Mrs. E. Boyd Weitzel
Farley, Elizabeth. 1767. 10 yrs. 8" x 9". Alphabets. Cross-stitch. Border of different
patterns. At bottom, conventional design in fancy stitches. Verse 133.
Miss Florence Farley Caldwell
Farley, Sally. 1794. Hollis [N. H.]. 12 yrs. 15" x 19i". Cross, laid, and stem-stitch.
Strawberry vine around three sides. At bottom, house, sky, and trees. Verse 645.
Miss Elizabeth F. Kelly
Fearless, Sallie. 1797. 15 yrs. 2O2" x 24". 2 alphabets. Cross, satin, stem, French knot,
double-stitch, and hem-stitch. Background, solid split-stitch. Border, Tree of Life, on
either side changing into conventional wild rose design; strawberry design at base; three
doves in conventional design at top. Figures of man and woman, etc., at base. Verse 40
(var.). Miss Josephine O. Keniston
Finney, Eliza A. 1703. 13 yrs. 12i" x 9J". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 500.
Mrs. Hobart
Fish, Mary Abrams. 10" x 10". 3 alphabets. Cross, eyelet, and satin-stitch. Plain cross-stitch
border. Fitchburg Antique Shop, 1917
FisK, Avis. 1790. Waltham [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 12" x 16". 1 alphabet. Stem and cross-stitch.
Greek fret border. Leah A. Nunn
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 45
Fitch, Elizabeth M. 1718. 9 yrs. 21" x 2U". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, cross, and queen-stitch.
Strawberry border. Scattered designs at top of birds, flowers, baskets, etc. Line borders.
Verse 340. Lord's Prayer. "Remember now thy Creator," etc. "Follow virtue and she
will guide you to happiness." Mrs. H. de B. Parsons
FiTHiAN, Rachel. 1756. [Cumberland County, N. J.] 12 yrs. 10" x 124". 2 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Trefoil border. Cross-borders of roses, tulips, and strawberries. "Samuel
Fithian Phebe Fithian E P". Verse 591.
Mrs. Helen Pancoast and Miss Anna C. Smith
Fletcher, Ann. 1792. Chelmsford [Mass.]. Born July 20, 1780. 6^" x 51". 2 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Hemstitched border. Miss Elizabeth B. Eeald
Fletcher, Anna. 1792. Chelmsford [Mass.]. 12 yrs. Born July 20, 1780. 6J" x 6i". 1 al-
phabet. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched border. Miss Elizabeth B. Heald
Fletcher, Rebecca. [Cir. 1790. Hopkinton, N. H. Born in 1776.] 11^" x 12^". Cross-stitch.
Narrow border of cross-stitch and laid-stitch. 4-inch strawberry vine at bottom. [Sister-
in-law of Daniel Webster.] " Miss Elizabeth T. Kelly
Fletscher, Mart. 1740. 8" x 174". 185 letters in 14 rows. Mrs. Siegfried Wachsman
Flint, Priscilla. 1784. Reading [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 16" x 16". 2 alphabets. Cross and satin-
stitch. Border of conventionalized cross. Elaborate design at bottom. Verse 616.
Harriet Parsons Abbott
Flower, Rebekah. 1785. 12" x 14". [London Grove, Pa.] 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Catherine Wheel border, and cross-borders of roses, tulips, and strawberries. "C. M."
"Richard and Alice." Verses 360, 622, 623. F. F. Sharpless, Esq.
FoLsoM, Deborah. 1767. Exeter [N. H.]. 12 yrs. 17" x 214". 3 alphabets. Great variety of
stitches. Borders of rosebuds and leaves, strawberry, Greek fret, vine and berries. At
bottom, strawberries, fret, black and white dogs in corners. Verse 128 (var.).
Mrs. Robert S. Morison
Ford, Bethiah. 1793. [New Castle County, Del.] 12 yrs. 10" x 164". 1 alphabet. Cross-
stitch. Verse 132 (1, var.), Mrs. J. Dale Dilworth
Ford, Jane. [1797.] 14 yrs. 7i" x 15". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Border of tulips and
strawberries. Strawberry border at bottom. Verse 488 (var.). Mrs. J. Dale Dilworth
Foster, Hannah. 1743. Evesham [N. J.]. 15 yrs. 11" x 18". Eyelet, satin, cat, and cross-
stitch. Vine border with odd designs. 6 different cross-borders. 2 verses, but not legible.
"My Grandfathers and Mothers, Josiah and Amy Foster, Enoch and Sarah Core. My
parents, William and Hannah Foster." Names of four sisters, but not legible. "Elizabeth
Sullivan taught me." Miss Elizabeth C. Saunders
Foster, Mehitable. 1786. 14 yrs. 15" x 18^". 3 alphabets. Cross, eyelet, stem, and satin-
stitch. Border of baskets, flowers, birds, etc. At bottom, elaborate basket of flowers, with
two large birds eating flowers. Mrs, Stanley H. Lowndes
Foster, Polly. 1787. [Canterbury, N. H.] 12 yrs. 16" x 17". Great variety of stitches.
3 alphabets. Saw-tooth border and nine different cross-border designs. At bottom, con-
ventional baskets of flowers, birds, and trees. Mrs. Vienna Dodge Pearson
Freeborn, Gideon. 1771. 8" x llf". Cross-stitch. Design is diagonal bands of black, forming
diamonds in which are bright colors. If" in size. Miss Sophie Pierce Casey
Freeborn, Mary. 1743. 13 yrs. 7" x 9". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Solid-line border. Rosettes
and vases of flowers in center, in lower half. Verse 347. Mrs. George L. Miner
46 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Freemax, Debohah. 1774. Born September 13, 1763. 6" x 8". 2 alphabets. Cross and satin-
stitch. Carnation border and conventional pine-cone border running across middle of
sampler. Dr. Oliver W. Huntington
French, Ann Heulings. 1797-1800. [Near Mullica Hill, Gloucester County, N. J.] 9 to 12
jTS. Born September 29, 1788. 12J" x 18f". 3 alphabets. Cross, satin, eyelet, and queen-
stitch. Border, two rows of satin-stitch. Cross-borders, conventional carnations, berries,
roses, and strawberries. Verses 132 (1 var.), 656.
" Uriah French was born the 13th of the 7th mo. 1770
Jacob French was born the 30th of the 4th mo. 1773
Agnes French was born the 24th of the 2nd mo. 1776
Charles French was born the 22nd of the 4th mo. 1777
Samuel French was born the 10th of the 4th mo. 1779
Nancy French was born the 12th of the 5th mo. 1781
Sarah French was born the 24th of the 11th mo. 1783
Joseph French was born the 20th of the 7th mo. 1786
Ann Heulings French was born the 29th of the 9th mo. 1788."
Miss Mary H. Clark
French, Elizabeth and Ann. 1793. Philadelphia [Pa.]. 13 yrs. and 11 yrs. 18" x 21".
2 alphabets. Cross, satin, eyelet, and stem-stitch. Border of vine and small flowers. Roses
and violets in a vine and flower enclosure. Names on sampler: "Charles French, Rebecca
French [father and mother] ; Mary French, Abigal French, Charles French, James French"
[children]. Verse 226. Clara M. Lukens
French, Sally. 1793. West Dedham. Born June 1, 1781. 8i" x llj". 1 alphabet. Cross-
stitch. Vine border. Verse [unfinished]. "Those Trifles That Amuse In Life Promote A
higher ..." Mary E. Fisher
French, Sarah. 1794. [Near Mullica Hill, Gloucester County, N. J.] 11 yrs. [Born Novem-
ber 24, 1783.] 10:^" X 15i". 3 alphabets. Cross, satin, eyelet, queen, flat, and cat-stitch.
Border, double row of cross-scitch. Carnation, strawberry, and diamond cross-borders.
Verse 343 (1 var.). Miss Mary H. Clark
Frothingham, Betst. 1784. Newburyport [Mass.]. 17 yrs. 12" x 16". 2 alphabets. Eyelet,
cross, and satin-stitch. Strawberry border. Large tree, vases of flowers, animals, birds,
and green bank. Verse 43 (var.). Miss Georgie Bassett
Fry, Mary. 1724. 12 yrs. 9J" x 15J". [Born Jericho, L. I., in 1712.] 1 alphabet. Eyelet,
cross, and satin-stitch. Cross-lines, conventional cross-borders. Names and initials on
sampler: Mary Frye, M. W., H. W., I. W., William Willis, Mary Wil . . . Verses 581, 682.
Mrs. E. C. Tyson
Frye, Huldah. 1747. Andover [Mass. 10 yrs. Born May 13, 1737.]. 8" x 10". 2 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Bird, tree, and lion. "Time how short, Eternity how
long." Verses 128 (1, var.), 248 (1, var.). Miss Charlotte Osgood
Fuller, Abigail. 1775. [Warner, N. H.?] 19 yrs. 10" x 13". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Conventional cross-border. Verse 132 (1, var.). Mrs. William H. Woodberry
Fuller, Polly. 1790. Needham [Mass.]. [4 yrs.?] 8" x 10". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, tent, and
cross-stitch. Miss Emily F. Allen
Fulton, Frances Burns. 1786. 7" x 14". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Plain cross-border.
Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Furlong, Elizabeth. 1775. 7" x 8". 2 alphabets. Cross, satin, and hem-stitch. Hemstitched
border, with a solid triangle design inside. Mrs. Sarah F. Bayley
PLATE XVII
Mahy Ellis's Sajipler. 1743
Owned by Miss Ellen F. Vose
AMERICAN SAMPLERS ^ 47
Gale, Mary. 1787. [Bangor, Me.?] 14 yrs. 16*" x 13*". Alphabet. Cross and satin-stitch.
Border, Greek vine with leaves. Landscape, with flowers, birds, trees, etc. Verse 496.
Mrs. S. Oale Treat
Gansevooet, . 1791. 22" x lOi". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Vase with roses. "Leonard
Gansevoort, Mary Gansevoort, Maria Gansevoort, Arietta Gansevoort, Catharine Douw,
Eliza Richards, John Gansevoort, Rachel Douw."
Albany Institute and Historical and Art Society
Gansevoort, Maria. 1790. Albany [N. Y. Born February 17, 1778.]. 15" x 20*". Satin and
cross-stitch. Strawberry border. "Leonard and Mary Gansevoort, 1790. Maria Ganse-
voort, Harrietta, Katharine Douw and John Gansevoort." Birds, butterflies, etc. Federal
bower with 11 states of the Union, surmounted by gateway with birds.
Mrs. Marcus T. Hun
Garrison, Patience. 1796. Trenton [N. J.]. 13 yrs. Born [September 30] 1783. 16" x 18".
Cross-stitch. Cross-border. House, trees, flowers, etc. Mrs. George W. Yeandle
Gatcomb, Dorcas. 1732. Boston [Mass.]. 7^" x 15 J". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Elaborate
6-inch border of animals, trees, birds, and other designs. Verse 490 (var.).
Mrs. Charles E. Cotting
Gates, Mary. 1796. 17 yrs. 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Triple strawberry border. Trees,
Adam and Eve, flowers and bucks. Verses 384, 385. Mr. Q. H. Buek
Gay, Elizabeth. 1787. 11 yrs. 12" x 10". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Mrs. L. A. Arnold
Geer, Petheny. 1758. 10 yrs. 9" x 31". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, cross-stitch, and other stitches.
Cross-border at top. Verse 128 (1, var.). Mrs. C. S. Cobb
Gerrish, Mary. 1798. 13 yrs. [Boscawen, N. H.] 12" x 11". Yellow canvas. 3 alphabets.
Hem and cross-stitch. Flower borders, growing out of grass at the bottom.
14 Sumner Road, Cambridge
Gerry, Catherine. 1796. 9 yrs. 11^" x 20^". 5 alphabets. Eyelet, cross, and 6 kinds of
fancy, open-work stitches. Triangular design. Miss Bessie H. Lyman
GiBBs, Sarah. 1749. Newport [R. I.]. 11 yrs. 2 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Trefoil
border, carnation cross-borders. Elaborate carnation and tulip design in center. Verse
343 (1). Mrs. J. West Roosevelt
Gibson, Sarah. 1784. Pelham [Mass.]. 27 yrs. "Born Sept 26, 1757". 4" x 8". 2 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Verse 200. Mrs. J. A. Noble
Giddinge, Lydia. [Ipswich, Mass.?] 12 yrs. 19" x 23". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border, with roses in upper corners. Birds in corners, dog running
after a deer. Mrs. Charles Kane Cobb
Gifting, Hariot. 1799. New York City. 7|" x 10". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Vine border.
Miss Estelle Clements
GiLKEY, Sally. 1795. Born September 27, 1779. 14i" x 17i". 3 alphabets. All kinds of fancy
stitches. Rose border. Divided into 10 sections. Trees, birds, vases, etc. Family names
on sampler: "Betty Gilkey, Born July 29, 1775. Martha Gilkey, Born Au 23, 1777. Sally,
Born Sep 27, 1779. Phebe, Born June 3, 1782. Ann, Born May 25, 1784. Mary, Born
June 11, 1788. Wm & Isaac, Born May 17, 1790. My Daddy was born April 27, 1757. He
dyed November the 13, Aged Forty 3 years. My Mamma was born April the 27, 1755.
AE Forty 4 years." Verses 606 (1, var.), 609 (1, var.). Prof. George C. Chase
48 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Gill, Mary. 1757. 13 yrs. 8" x 10". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Vine, bird, and
basket Verse 343 (1, var.). Initials: I G. N G. MS. W S. S G. L G. R G.
Mrs. Henry J. Irick
GiLMOHE, Keziah. 1799. 8 yrs. [Born April 26, 1790.] 11" x 17". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch,
Vine border. Weeping willow, with verse in lower half and inscription, "Sarah Gilmore
born Jan. 6th 1797", evidently a younger sister. Verse 528. Mrs. John V. Craven
GiTHERxoN, Increase. 1796. 19" x 16". Stem and cross-stitch. Carnation and tulip border.
House, sheep, lambs, and trees. Verses 13, 895 (4), Mrs. Stanley H. Lowndes
Glassel, Jane M, Born November 17, 1785. 28" x 17", 3 alphabets. Strawberry border.
Family tree in center. Record of family names and dates : "Andrew Glassel and Elizabeth
Taylor were married October 21, 1776. Milly Glassel was born June the 25, 1778; John
Glassel was born Oct. the 28, 1780; Mary Glassel was born May the 4, 1783; Helen B.
Glassel was born (?) the 28, 1785; Jane M, Glassel was born November the 17, 1785;
James M. Glassel was born January the 1, 1790; Andrew Glassel was born May 15, ( ? ) ;
Robert was born May 18, 1795 ; William Glassel was born May the 17, 1797."
Glazier, EL\^RA. [West Boylston, Mass.] 11" x 12". Alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry
and alphabet border. Mrs. Melvin W. Longley
Glover, Mary. 1760. [Marblehead.] 10 yrs. 11^" x 16". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin,
and cross-stitch. Baskets of flowers and trees, also Caleb and Joshua carrying the grapes
of Eschol. Verse 352, Estate of Miss Sarah Haskell Crocker
GoDDARD, Haxxah, [Cir, 1762.] Born October 10, 1750. 6" x 17". 1 alphabet. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Mrs. John Brooks
Goodwin, Becky. 1774. Charlestown [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 8" x 12". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Simple cross-borders. Verse 128. Groton Historical Society
Goodwin, P[riscilla]. 1790. [Salem, N. J.] 8V' x 12". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-
stitch. Line border on sides; rosettes across top. Mrs. Oakford Woodnutt Acton
Gore, Abigail. 1797. Boston [Mass. Born July 27, 1784.]. 144" x 10^", 2 alphabets. Eyelet,
satin, and cross-stitch. Greek fret border. House and lamb. Verse 233.
Miss Mary H. Leeds
Gore, Zebiah. 1791. Boston [Mass.]. 11 yrs. Born July 27, 1780. 15" x 17^". 2 alphabets.
Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch, and bullion-stitch for sheep. Eyelet-stitch border on three
sides. Landscape with house, trees, dog, birds, sheep, and a shepherd and shepherdess.
The background above is filled with black cross-stitch, and the bottom is completely filled
with fine cross-stitch. "Now we are Caused to Live there's nothing I Esteem Worth
learning but the way to Die," Illustrated. Miss Mary H. Leeds
GoRHAM, Sally. 1795. 13 yrs. Born December 28, 1781. 11" x 12". 4 alphabets. Stem, satin,
and cross-stitch. Strawberry vine cross-border. Scene with house, trees, etc. Verse 228.
Mrs. Herman Daggett Clark, Jr.
Gould, Esther. 17[??]. [Cir. 1798.] "Agusta." Born 1785. 11" x 14". 4 alphabets. Eyelet,
satin, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Basket of flowers. Verses 128 (1, var.), 667.
Miss Caroline F. Ware
GovE, Polly. 9" x 13^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Unfinished. Verse 243.
Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Ghatz, Richea. 1789. [Philadelphia, Pa. Born in 1774.] 9*" x 20", 3 alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Strawberry- vine border. Verse 621 (1), Miss Laura Mordecai
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 49
Ghat, Elizabeth Cotjltas. [Before 1760. Gray's Ferry, Philadelphia.] 9J" x 12^". Petit-
point and cross-stitch. Design, bunch of flowers in basket, fills entire sampler.
Mrs. Robert Bean
Gray, Sally Ropes. 1796. Salem [Mass.]. 8 yrs. Born March 27, 1788. 7V' x 16". 2 alpha-
bets. Satin and cross-stitch. Lambs eating strawberries. Essex Institute
Green, Betsy. 1798. Alexandria [Va.]. 12 yrs. 17" x 20^". 6 alphabets. Great variety of
stitches. Border, festoons of eyelets and bimches of strawberries. Verse 202 (1, var.).
Virginia L. Maury
Greene, Catherine. 1785. 11 yrs. 16" x 12". 2 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. House
with tree on either side. Charles T. Howard, Esq.
Greene, Mary. 1766. 11 yrs. 9i" x 13^". 3 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Con-
ventional strawberry border. Conventional rose, tiUip, and carnation cross-border in
middle, small border at bottom. Verses 488 (var.), 598. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Greene, Sarah. [1760-65.] Boston [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 14" x 7^". 4 alphabets. Stem, eyelet,
cat, and cross-stitch. Verse 693. Mrs. Roger Wolcott
Greenleaf, Elizabeth. 1768. Newburj'port [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 8" x 13*". 1 alphabet. Cross-
stitch. Fancy cross-border at top. "Deaths terror is the mountain Faith removes Tis
Faith discovers destruction. Believe and look with triumph on the Tomb"
Mrs. J. Lewis Stackpole
Greenleaf, Elizabeth. 1788. HaverhiU [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 17" x 18". Cross, satin, and chain-
stitch. 2 alphabets. Leaves and flower border. Two girls, a boy or man with a parasol,
a bird, a horse, trees and flowers. Verse 625. Francis B. Manning, Esq.
Grenell, Betsy. 1792. 13 yrs. 6" x 8". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. George Bird, Esq.
Gridley, Anna. 1783. 13 yrs. 8" x 21". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Cross-borders. Conven-
tional birds and baskets. Verses 128, 508. Mrs. Frederick F. Thompson
Grignoh, Margaret. 1747. 9 yrs. 9" x 18". 2 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch.
Border of Greek fret, rose, cross, vine, strawberry. "Life is decietful and beauty is vain
but a Woman that Feareth the Lord she shall" . . . Mrs. George A. Plimpton
Grover, Euzabeth. July 16, 1784. Philadelphia, Pa. 17" x 17". Flat and cross-stitch. Car-
nation border; rose, strawberry, and vine cross-borders. Verses 509, 615.
Mrs. Charles Dickinson
Hacker, Rebekah. 1786. Salem [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 13" x 16". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, French
knot, long, and cross-stitch. Saw-tooth border. Garden of Eden, with Adam and Eve and
Cain and Abel in Quaker dress. Verses 128 (1, var.), 248 (var.). Miss Anna Hazen Howell
Hackett, Elizabeth. [Cir. 1782.] Salisbury Point [Mass.]. Born "Sept. 1771." 9" x 10^".
3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Conventional design. Mrs. Dolly C. Ames
Hail, Mary. 1763. Born 1754. 10" x 20". 2 alphabets. Eyelets and cross-stitch. Plain cross-
stitch border at top. Verse 498. Mrs. David P. Penhallow
Hale, Polly. 1791. [Mass.] 71" x 7*". Alphabet. Satin and cross-stitch. Cross-border.
Acorn design at bottom. Mrs. Edwin L. Thompson
Hall, Elizabeth. 1750. Dorchester [Mass.]. 12 yrs. Born 1738. 8" x 11". 3 alphabets.
Eyelet and cross-stitch. Miss Marion Stanley Abbot
50 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Haix, Nanct. August, 1788. Providence [R. I. 12 yrs.]. 14" x 16". "Miss Polly Balch's
School." Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Border, rose, carnation, hyacinth, and myrtle.
University Hall, Brown University, in center of oval; President's reception, above, and
more people going to President's house, below. Verse 628. Illustrated?
Mrs. W. C. Greene
Hallek, Abigail. 1750. Mystic [Conn.]. 9 yrs. 8" x 11". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Vine
border. Verse 191. Mrs. George A. Plimpton
HAXLiiAN, Mart. Barren HiU, Pa. 13J" x 15". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch, plain and fancy.
Border of diamond shapes. Conventional flower-pots, birds and animals. Verse 490 (var.).
Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Hamlin, Axne. 1790. Providence [R. I.]. Born March 12, 1776. Probably "Miss Polly
Balch's School." 9" x 9". 2 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Greek fret border,
top and bottom; straight cross on sides. Strawberry plants. Verse 628.
Miss Sarah S. Mumford
Hamlin, Mehttable. 1798. Providence [R. I.]. 9 yrs. 8" x 12". 2 alphabets. Satin and
cross-stitch. Cross-border. Rosebuds. Verse 661. Mrs. H. M. Preston
Hammond, Abigail. 1743. 7 yrs. 8" x 12". 8 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Cross-borders, one
conventionalized carnation. Debased carnation. C. E. Goodspeed, Esq., 1917
Hance, Maey. 1780. Shrewsbury [N. J.]. 12" x 12". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Trees. Robert H. Oakley, Esq.
Hancock, Fanny. 1736. 11 yrs. 3 alphabets. Conventional designs. Hemstitched edge.
In Machias, Me.?
Harding, Prudence. 1795. 18" x 18". Partial alphabet. Cross, satin, stem, eyelet, queen, and
cat-stitch. Rose-wreath border. Cross-border of single-stitch. Verse 647.
Fitchburg Antique Shop, 1917
Haedyman, Henrietta Maria. 1765. 2 alphabets. Tent, satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch.
Border of vine and strawberry blossoms and berries. Scene with large basket fiUed with
fruit, trees, large deer, and two small dogs. Mrs. W. W. Richardson
Hamman, Elizabeth. [Cir. 1789.] Born April 23, 1777. 12" x 12", 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Colonial Dames of the State of New York
Haeeis, Abiee. 1767. 12 yrs. 9" x 12". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Trefoil border. Tulip
cross-border. Verse 343 (1, var.). Harriet A. Bar stow
Haeeis, Betsy. [1790.] 16" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Mrs. P. A. Waterman
Haeeis, Hitty. 1776. Concord [N. H.]. 11 yrs. 8" x 10". Mustard-colored canvas. 2 alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch. Greek fret cross-border. Miss Annie Haven Thwing
Harris, Polly. [1750. New England.] 9 yrs. 10" x 7i". 1 alphabet Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Saw-tooth border. Horses, grass, shrubs, etc. Rev. Glenn Tilley Morse
Habt, Lydia. February 4, 1731. 2 alphabets. Tent, eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Cross-
borders of strawberry, trefoil, scroll, and several different Greek fret designs. Verse 128
(var.).
Haet, Mary Eliza. 1771. Charleston [S. C.]. 7" x 12i". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, hemstitch,
satin, stem, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge and Greek fret borders. "Remember thy
Creator," etc. Mrs. John F. Bennett
^
if-^
D' H ^^L
^^
#
'%..
V^^fe
...«v^^-
r-J
^>4k.
L-rfLJli-rffc-'^ A[ ^^' ^ ^^ iiBk.^^fa-^fc-^A>^
I <fc 1^ lAi frtii^ »%«w'-
1^ - "v^^^- vV/:^^'^'Z^VT4;.^^.
r'^^'ei-:.-. v-------.
■ 1^^
PLATE XA'III
Elizabeth Pecker's SA:>rpLER. 1733
Owned by Mrs. Henri/ E. Coe
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 51
Haskell, Ruth. [Cir. 1760.] 11 yrs. Alphabet. Eyelet, petit-point, and cross-stitch. Straw-
berry border on three sides. Adam and Eve scene at bottom. Verse 9. Illustrated.
Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities
Haskell, Sarah. 1782, Lunenburg [Pa.?]. Born February 18, 1776. 10" x 14". 2 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Conventional flowers, etc., in cross-borders. Verses 182
(1), 248 (1, var.), 490. Mrs. Frank 8. Willock
Hastings, Dorcas. 1793. Lincoln [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 7^" x 5**. Alphabet. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Simple border. Baskets of fruit. Miss Caroline L. Manett
Hathaway, Anne. 1797. 7 yrs. 12^" x 12^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Plain border.
Cross-borders of carnations and acorns. Six deer and three flowers.
I. "Books & needle both content to make a
house wif and a friend"
II. "Fair Philomel she lost her tongue
end in a tedious sampler sewed her mind"
Mrs. Siegfried Wachsman
Hathaway, Rebekah. 1794. 11 yrs. Verses 238, 379. Miss Helen F. Kimball
Haven, Anne. 1789. Holliston. 9" x 8". 2 alphabets. Tree design. Verse 129a.
Miss Laura Weeks
Havens, Mary Catherine. 10 yrs. 8^" x 11*". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. "Remember j'ou
are in the hands of God". Miss Cornelia Horsford
Hawks, Polly. 1798. 13 yrs. Born November 4, 1785. 13" x 18". 6 alphabets. Eyelet, out-
line, chain, cross, satin, and stem-stitch. Sides and bottom, border of vines and flowers;
at top, diamonds. Verse 235. Miss Edith S. Hall
Hawks, Sidney. 1794. 8 yrs. 8^" x 10^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border.
Basket of flowers, trees, dogs, etc. Museum of Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association
Haynes, Anna. 1775. 8 yrs. 10" x llf". 3 alphabets. Satin, stem, eyelet, chain, cross-stitch,
and hemstitch. Border, strawberries, dogs, birds, flowers, plants, tree, and sunflower.
Crosses at bottom. Verse 363. Dedham Historical Society
H[aynes], A[nna] M[aria]. 1762. Hamburg. 9 yrs. 5" x 16". Lace, and cross-designs in
white. Mrs. G. Clem Goodrich
Haynes, Sally. 1785. Boston [Mass.]. 12 yrs. Born in Boston, June 8, 1773. 9i" x lOi".
3 alphabets. Eyelet, chain, hemstitch, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Verses
10 (1, var.), 92 (1, var.). Dedham Historical Society
Hays, Slomey. 1788. Boston [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 7" x 17". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin,
and cross-stitch. Hemstitched border. Indian design with chickens, animals, basket of
flowers, bush, etc. Verse 128 (1, var.). Mrs. Edward Cohen
Hazard, Alice. 1764. [Little Neck, Narragansett, R. I.] 9 yrs. 13" x 16^". 2 alphabets.
Satin, tent, and cross-stitch. Conventional border. Cross-borders. Conventionalized house,
tree, fence, bush, and birds. Verses 128 (1, var.), 499. Miss Mary A. Hazard
Hazard, Sarah. 1740. 13 yrs. S\" x 16^". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Vine
border. Elaborate flower designs with birds. Verse 489. Miss Susan Woodman
Hazeltine, Abigail. 1777. [Salem, Mass.] 14 yrs. 15" x 17". 2 alphabets. Chain, eyelet,
stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberries, flowers, lambs in border, also Greek fret design.
Dogs, trees, and birds. Mrs. Edward M. Vickery
52 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Heard, Nancy. 1794. [Stepney, Conn.] 13" x 16". Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Border,
detached flowers of difl'erent varieties. Basket [unfinished] and 2 plants. Verse 644.
Robert Fridenberg, Dealer
Heath, Jake. 8 yrs. [Virginia.] 18" x 24". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border.
Colonial brick house, pine trees, etc. Mrs. WilUam W. Richardson
Henderson, Jane. 1795. 10 yrs. "Chesterfield School." 17" x 21i". Cross-stitch. Conven-
tionalized vine border. House on top of hill, also man, woman, bushes, trees, and animals.
Verses 383, 594 (1). Miss Susan B. Minor
Herbert, Elizabeth. 1764. Salem, Mass. 12 yrs. 15" x 15". 6 alphabets. Stem, French
knot, eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Landscape border, showing shepherdess with sheep,
fisherman, pond, trees, animals, birds and butterflies, etc. Strawberry cross-border.
Verses 194, 495 (var.). Miss Ellen E. Bailey
Heywood, Hannah. [Cir. 1792. Royalston, Mass.] Born January 6, 1781. 8" x lOi". 1 al-
phabet. Eyelet, feather, and cross-stitch. Slip-stitch border. Conventional design.
Miss Mary Heywood Dean
[Hill, Mary. Cir. 1770.] 7" x 9". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch and petit-point. Vine, carna-
tion, and Greek fret borders. [Unfinished.] Verse 358. The Misses Kenyon
Hill, Mary. 1773. 3^" x 6 J". 1 alphabet; parts of others. Cross-stitch. Verses 128 (1), 342.
The Misses Kenyon
Holbrook, Aloua. [1796.] 12" x 7". 2 alphabets. Flat, chain, and cross-stitch. Chain-stitch
border. Miss Edith R. Blanchard
Holbrook, Edeny. 11 yrs. 7" x 14^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Trees in center.
Miss Edna H. Barger
Holbrook, Mella [Meletiah. Cir. 1791. Born in Bellingham, Mass., August 23, 1780.].
8" X 14^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Baskets of flowers.
Benjamin Stafford Newton, Esq.
Holden, Katherine. 1733. 14§" x 10". 1 alphabet. Satin and cross-stitch. Rose and bell
border. Verses 186, 343. Illustrated.
Miss M. Frances Babcock and Mrs. Winslow Upton
Hollinshead, Beulah W. 1797. [Moorestown, N. J.] 13 yrs. [Born July 9, 1784.] 16" x
20i". Stem, tent, flat, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. "Joshua M. Hollinshead
was born of July in the year of our Lord 1786. Jane M. Hollinshead was born the
29 September 1792. Departed this life July 31, 1798. Aged 5 yrs. 10 mo. 6 days." House
on a terrace, with trees, sheep, and shepherd with his dog. Verse 234.
Mrs. S. A. Cunningham
Holmes, Elizabeth. [Cir. 1770.] 10 yrs. 10" x 12". 1 alphabet. Stem, cross, satin, eyelet,
and hem-stitch. Simple cross-borders. Bird and strawberries. Verse 129 (var.).
Miss R. Wiswell Ex. Deposited in the Old South Meeting House, Boston
Holton, Mary D. 1796. Northfield [Mass.]. 15" x 17". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hem-
stitched edge. Large vase of flowers, rose bushes, trees, etc. Mrs. Elizabeth A. Hubbard
HoLYOKE, Elizabeth. [Cir. 1782.] Salem [Mass.]. xiii yrs. 104" x 12^". Alphabet. Cross-
stitch. Vine and cross-border. Miss Susan Ward Osgood
HoLYOKE, Mary. 1741. 11 yrs. Born April 30, 1730. 8i" x 16". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Cross-borders. Elaborate strawberry at top and bottom, with
conventional adaptation of Greek fret. Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
PLATE XIX
Dorothy Lyxde's Sampler. 1757
Old South Meeting House, Boston
Plate presented hij the Worcester members of the Massachusetts Society of the Colonial Dames
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 53
HoLYOKE, Priscilla. 1752. 12 yrs. 9" x 17". 2 alphabets. Satin, feather, stem, eyelet, and
cross-stitch. Inconspicuous cross-lines. Cross-stitch crosses. Verse 128 (var.).
Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
HoLYOKE, Susanna. [Cir. 1790.] Salem, Mass. 10 yrs. 8" x 11". Alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Cross-border. "Idleness is the mother of vice." Miss Susan Ward Osgood
Hooker, Hannah. 1728. 7 yrs. 6i" x 17^". Cross-stitch. Verse 492.
Newport Historical Society
Hooker, Ruth. 1773. Farmington. Sg" x 8". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Narrow cross-
stitch border. Mrs. E. Morgan
HooTON, Sarah. 6" x 12". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Greek fret border.
M. B. Lemon, Dealer
Hopping, Maria. [1796.] 17" x 17", Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Design, First
Baptist Church in Providence, R. I. Verse 40. Miss Caroline E. Briggs
HoPTON, Perese. 1786. 6" x 18". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Mrs. N. James Bouse
Horner, Eliza. 1788. [Philadelphia.] 12 yrs. 16" x 20". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin,
queen, and cross-stitch. Floral border of strawberry, rose, forget-me-not, violet, etc.
Beatitudes at the top. Verse 209. Edward Horner Coates, Esq.
HoRNSBY, Sarah. [Cir. 1793.] "Williamsburg" [Va.]. Born October 17, 1780. Hi" x 15^".
1 alphabet. Cross-stitch, very fine. Ornamental vine border. Tree of Life, Adam and
Eve, serpent holding apple, and detached figures such as birds, trees, castles, baskets of
flowers, etc. Verse 610. Names on sampler: "Hannah Hornsby born March the 21st 1771,
Mildred Hornsby born February the 20th 1774, Joseph Hornsby born March the 28th
1777, Thomas Hornsby born January the 12th 1779, Sarah Hornsby born October the 17th
1780." Mrs. James Henry Watson
HoRTON, Polly. 1788. 10" x 14". 1 alphabet. Bird's-eye, satin, and cross-stitch. Plain
border all around and three more elaborate cross-borders in center. Shepherds, sheep,
and trees. Verse 629. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
[HoRWELL, Ann (May)]. 1798. [Alexandria, Va.] Made after her marriage to Richard
Horwell. Initials: ^u'^ ^^" ^ ^^"' Liberty Tree, flowers, and crowned hearts.
Verse 3. Miss Frances H. Massoletti
Howard, Maieson. 1787. Bridgewater [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 10^" x 12". 2 alphabets. Flat and
cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge, cross-stitch border, flat-stitch cross-border at bottom.
Large tree, flowers, and various devices in lower corners. Verse 137.
Mrs. John Rogers, Jr.
Howell, Lydia. 1755. 12" x 9". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Strawberry cross-
borders. Names on sampler: "Jacob Howell, Mary Howell, Mary Howell." Verse 42.
Miss Sarah Rebecca Nicholson
Howell, Sarah. 1731. Philadelphia [Pa.]. 12" x 14". Satin, cross-stitch, and other fine
stitches. Carnation border, and rose, carnation, strawberry, and conventional leaf cross-
borders. Names given: "Sarah Howell, Jacob Howell, Sarah Howell, Jane Howell."
Verses 181, 183, 344 (1), 345 (var.). Illustrated. Mrs. Clayton McElroy
Hubbard, Hephzibah. [1761. Middletown, Conn. About 6 yrs.] 5|" x 7^". 1 alphabet.
Cross-stitch. Simple dividing Unes, Mrs. Amos Bush McNairy
54 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
HuBBS, DoKOTHY. 1790. 11^" X 15J". 4 alphabets. Flat and cross-stitch. Vine border. Verse
343 (1). "Her heart the one thing needful! that good part witch Mary chose withall",
Pennsylvania Museum, Memorial Hall, Fairmount Park
Hughes, Phebe. 1796. Providence [R. I.]. 7 yrs. 11" x 13i". 2 alphabets. Stem and cross-
stitch. Strawberry bed at bottom. To the right of verse, two tulips and two birds.
Verse 231. Miss Mary Anne Greene
Hughes, Susannah. 1793. 9 yrs. 14" x 18". 1 alphabet. Stem and cross-stitch. Vine border
with morning-glories, rosebuds, and passion flowers. Large hearts and crowns. Verses
66 (1, var.), 226, 51-5 (1, 2, var.), Robert B. Jordan, Dealer
Hull, Rachel. 1795. [14 yrs. Born at Morris (?), N. J.] March 11, 1781. 9" x lOi". 2 al-
phabets. Eyelet, star, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border at top. Diamonds.
Mrs. J. S. Gale
Humphreys, Ann. 1796. 10 yrs. 9f" x 15^". 5 alphabets. Stem, eyelet, and chain-stitch.
Verses 387 (1), 631. Pennsylvania Museum, Memorial Hall, Fairmount Park
Humphreys, Jane. 1771. 11 yrs. 15" x I22". HoUie-point, lace, and drawn filet. Large
basket with flowers occupies most of sampler. Illustrated.
Pennsylvania Museum, Memorial Hall, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia
Hunt, Content. 1799. Norton [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 16" x 22". 1 alphabet. Stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Carnation and rose border. Man and woman, house, trees, birds, lambs, etc.
Verse 129 (var.). Mrs. H. J. Gilbert
Huntington, Hannah. [1766.] 12 yrs. [Born in 17.54.] 11*" x 14". 3 alphabets. Eyelet,
queen, single, and double cross-stitch. On either side, poles with grapevine running up it
and conventionalized bunches of grapes at top; other flowers are growing on vine and the
left-hand side is unfinished. Band across center, with conventionalized rose and rose-
sprays. At bottom, row of conventionalized thistles, poppies, carnations, strawberry
plant, etc. In center, at top, a conventionalized rose-tree. " Be not wise in thine own eyes
fear the Lord and depart from evil." George H. May, Esq.
Huston, Esther. 1782. 8 yrs. 5 alphabets. Cross-stitch. "Taught by Mrs. Brunton."
"Remember now thy Creator", etc. Helen C. Little field
Hutchinson, Lydia. 1727. 13 yrs. 18" x 18". Cross-stitch. Strawberry, quatrefoil, and
Greek fret cross-borders. Verse 128 (1, var.). Massachusetts Historical Society
Hyrne, Harriot. 1774. [Clear Spring Plantation on Ashley River, S. C] 9 j^rs. Born
July 28, 1765. 8" x 19". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border.
Three roses in a medallion. "Remember thy Creator", etc. Mrs. Emma Drayton Grimk4
Hyene, Harriot. 1774. [Charleston, S. C] 9 yrs. 18" x 18^". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Pomegranate border at bottom. "Remember thy Creator", etc. Mrs. J. Drayton Grimk4
Ide, Leafea. [1796?] 10 yrs. 15" x 15". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. House with tree on
either side. "Let Virtue be made for her." Mrs. J. F. P. Lawton
Ilsley, Charlotte. 1773. Portland [Me. Born 1763.]. 13" x 21". Satin and cross-stitch.
Floral and vine border. Verse 355, and about sixteen lines of pious sentiment too faded
to be read. Miss Clara Mossman Hill
Ingall, Harriot. 1799. Taunton [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 7*" x 12". 2 alphabets. Tent, cat, and
cross-stitch. Angular border of cross-stitch, with triangular trees and ornaments. Large
tree, dog, elk, and bird at bottom; in center. Colonial house, trees, and birds.
Mrs. J. S. Rounds
•..«S3
I
PLATE XX
Mary Webb's Sampler. York, Pa. 1760
Owned hii Mm. Samuel C. Rumford
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 55
Ingalls, Ruthy. 1786. 8" x 10". 2 alphabets. Queen and cross-stitch. Cross and vine border.
Carnation. Miss Caroline M. Burnham
Ingell, Rebekah. 1791. Taunton [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 6^" x 8y. 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Narrow border of cross-stitch. "Let Wisdom direct thy steps." Mrs. J. S. Rounds
Ireland, Phebe. 1793. [Cohansey, N. J.] 14 yrs. 12" x 9". 3 alphabets. Stem, tent, queen,
satin, and cross-stitch. Cross-borders. Geometrical designs and conventionalized flowers.
Initials: "SBTE IV AI EI PI DI AI A I." Verse 490 (var.).
Cumberland County, N. J., Historical Society
I\-EBS, Haxxah. [Cir. 1780.] 1 alphabet. Cross, satin, stem, petit-point, and hem-stitch.
Carnation border across top and on sides ; rosebud and strawberry cross-borders. In lower
section, two shepherds sitting on the ground beneath trees; birds flying above; dogs and
sheep in grass. Verse 505. Mrs. A. Lawrence Lowell
Ives, Betsy. July 31, 1778. [Hale Farm, Beverly.] "Sarah Stivour's School"' [Salem, Mass.].
11 yrs. 74" X 10^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch and the long-stitch which was characteristic
of this school. Hemstitched edge. Scene with 4 sheep standing in grass. Verse 129 (var.).
Mrs. Robert Hale Bancroft
Jacksian-, Ejuly E. Yorkshire, Cattaraugus County, N. Y. 12 yrs. lOf " x 12^". 3 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Cross-stitch border and cross-borders. House, tree, and fence.
A. Stainforth, Dealer
Jacksox, Maeia. 1790. Providence [R. I.]. 12 yrs. 12" x 15". Alphabet. Long, knot, cross-
stitch, and laid-work. Vine border with ornamental-pink design. Strawberry plants,
pinks, roses, and blue flower. Verse 630. Miss Ellen Chase
Jacobs, Mabcy. 177(?). [Ipswich, Mass.?] 11 yrs. 17" x 17". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, French
knot, satin, stem, chain, cross-stitch, and laid-work. Elaborate border in laid-work and
stem-stitch of flowers, grass, vase with flowers, and birds on boughs. Verse 600.
Miss Harriet Perkins
Jacobs, Mary. 1776. Scituate [Mass.]. 24 yrs. Born January 27, 1752. 8" x 10^". Alphabet.
Eyelet and cross-stitch. Simple cross-stitch lines. Verses 187 (var.), 490 (var.).
Miss Edith Tilden
Jacobs, Sarah. 1753. Scituate [Mass.]. 13 yrs. 6^" x 6^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hem-
stitched border. Verse 128 (1, var.). 2Iiss Antoinette Clapp
James, Mary. 1798. [New Castle County, Del.] 13" x 14^". Stem, satin, flat, and cross-stitch.
Detached sprays of strawberries, tulips, roses, etc., and birds, in border. Verses 525, 526
(var.). Miss Elizabeth K. Clark
James, Susaxxah. 1788. [New Castle County, Del.] 8 yrs. 12" x 17". 3 alphabets. Eyelet,
tent, satin, and cross-stitch. Rose, carnation, tulip, and strawberry border (worked in
detached clusters). Verse 211. [Teacher, Mme. Abigail Giles.] Mrs. L. B. Rowley
Jaxcy, Judith. 1786. 5 alphabets. Eyelet, feather, and cross-stitch. Cross-stitch and feather-
stitch border. Bird in lower right-hand corner. Verse 369. 3Irs. Augustus Bailey Small
Jaxxey, Haxxah. 1785. 2 alphabets. Eyelet, chain, tent, and cross-stitch. Rose and vine
border rising out of vases at lower corners. Strawberry cross-borders, also vine and smaU
blossoms, small figures of children and animals and insects. Verses 94, 96. Illustrated.
[The mother of Johns Hopkms.] Mrs. Miles White, Jr.
56 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Jaks, Dorothy. 1762. 17" x 22". Cross-stitch. Vine and strawberry border outside and
Greek fret inside. Scene with Adam and Eve with three children, and tree at bottom;
at top, Abraham with his son and the ram at altar. Verses 41 (var.), 162 (1, var.).
The Misses Laura and Lieze Oreer
Jaquelle, Katherine Wallace. 1799. Wilmington [Del.]. 16 yrs. 22" x 18^". Stem-stitch
and painted. Hector taking leave of his wife and child. Mrs. James C. Rogers
Jaques, Elizabeth. [Newburyport, Mass. 12 yrs.] 8i" x 11^". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Verse 203. Miss Ruth M. B. Macintosh
Jaques, Mahtha. [1784.. Newburyport, Mass.] "Born July 6, 1772.AE 12 yrs." 17^" x 22".
4 alphabets. Chain, tent, eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Elaborate design of trees, flowers,
birds, animals, basket of flowers, hills, diamonds, etc. Strawberry and rose vine around
verse. Verse 202 (1, var.). Miss Ruth M. B. Macintosh
Jabvis, Maby (called Betsy on sampler). 1780. Cambridge [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 7^" x 13".
Alphabet. Stem, flat, and cross-stitch. Angular vine border. Horse, dog, etc., at bottom.
Verses 490 (var.), 612? Nathaniel J. W. Fish, Esq.
Jeffries, Sarah. [17] 97. [Elsinboro Township, Salem County, N. J., after marriage. 12 yrs.]
7i" X 185". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, queen, and cross-stitch. Vine border and Greek-cross
vine at top. Miss Hannah Hall Acton
Jenkins, Abigail. 1767. 8" x 10^". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Conventional
flower and name at bottom. Verse 343 (1, 7, var.). Miss Susan P. Wharton
Jennings, MarYu 1766. 8j" x 11". 3 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Conventional
flower border at bottom. In center, large flower and animal on either side of it. Verse 488
(var.). Names on sampler: "Mary Jennings, Josiah Jennings, Temperance Jennings,
David Jennings, Mary Jennings." Mrs. Richard H. Hunt
Jewett, Nabby [Abigail]. 1797. Bradford [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 14" x 15". 2 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Cross-stitch border in diamond pattern. Diamond pattern in cross-stitch at bottom.
Verse 388. George Savary Wasson, Esq.
Johnson, Anna Greenleaf. 1787. Newburyport [Mass.]. Born March 18, 1780. 22" x 17".
4 alphabets. French knot, chain, eyelet, stem, and cross-stitch. Rose vine border. Land-
scape with animals, birds, trees, urn with flowering plants, strawberries, and bees. Verse
627 (1). Mrs. Anne Greenleaf Johnson Rogerson
Johnson, Catherine. 1789. Newburyport [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 8" x 10". 2 alphabets. Flat,
satin, and cross-stitch. Saw-tooth border. Trefoil cross-stitch borders at bottom. Verse
627 (1). Miss Eleanor Reed Johnson
Johnson, Elizabeth. [Cir. 1797.] Born September 9, 1784. Alphabets. Cross, satin, flat,
stem-stitch, and French knots. Vine border with blossoms starting from two upi^er corners
going down sides and across top. At bottom, tree in middle, with 2 birds on it, a flower-
ing tree on either side, sheep and strawberries in grass. Verse 617 (var.).
Mrs. Francis A. Goodhue
Johnson, Emelea Jane. 1783. [Baltimore, Md.] 7 yrs. 9" x 16". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Carnation border. House, tree, children, and dog at top of sampler. Row
of birds on pedestals. Verse 490 (var.). Miss Mary Winchester
Johnson, Hannah. 1768. "Newbury Newton." 14 yrs. 18^" x 16^". 2 alphabets. Chain,
eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. SmaU geometric cross-borders. At bottom, cherry
tree, birds, butterflies, cow, deer, and large baskets of flowers. Verse 490 (var.). Illus-
trated. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 57
Johnson, Mary. 1769. 9 yrs. 12" x 20". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. "Pitch upon such a
course as is excellent and praise worthy and custom will soon make it both easy & delight-
ful." The Colonial Dames of the State of New York
Johnson, Molly. [Cir. 1778. Maine. Born in 1767.] 10^" x 12i". 1 alphabet. Satin and
cross-stitch. Hemstitched border and inside border in satin-stitch. Cross-border at top.
Verse 128 (var.). Miss E. L. Alden
Johnson, Sally. 1799. Newburyport [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 27" x 19". 4 alphabets. Stem, satin,
flat, and cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Elaborate design at bottom, with house, mill,
ladies and gentlemen, servants, cattle, flowers, vine, trees, birds, etc. Verse 666. Illus-
trated in color. Mrs. Francis A. Goodhue
Jones, Frances. 1789. Providence [R. I. Born February 10, 1782. "Miss Polly Balch's
School."]. 7i" X 9J". Satin, tent, and cross-stitch. Border of rosebuds and star-flowers.
At bottom. State House, Providence, and strawberries. Verse 9,5 (2).
Mrs. William J. Dyer
Jones, Luna. 1797. Great Barrington. 11 yrs. 33" x 24". 5 alphabets. Tapestry, queen, eyelet,
chain, and cat-stitch. Names and dates: "Calvin Jones born 1775 April 2, Heman Aug 15,
1777, Horace Feb 15 1780, Atlas Jan 18 1782, Thetis Nov 25 1783, Mithra & Luna
Apr 4 1786, Thisbe Feb 21 1790, Andes Apr 30 1792, Sabra May 20 1794, Died Sept 5
1796." "Ebnr Jones my pappa born April 12, 1752. Susanna Jones my mamma born
Dec. 11, 1755." Verse 669. Mrs. William Shippen Jenks
Jones, Martha. 1759. Medford [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 12" x 7f". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Cross-
borders of strawberries and fruit trees. Verse 490 (var.). Mrs. Mary H. Hayes
Jones, Mary. 1792. Vincentown [N. J.]. 9 yrs. 12^" x 18". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border at top. At bottom, small trees with green leaves and red
flowers. Verses 353 (1), 635. Mary Stretch Frick Drexel
Jones, Mary. 1795. Vine border. Center bottom, a pot of flowers. Above, six lace circles
around a seventh, with a vine interspersed. Stem and satin-stitch and twenty-seven differ-
ent lace-stitches. Mrs. Robert W. de Forest
Jones, Ruth. 1791. 10^" x 13". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, cat, flat, and cross-stitch. Simple cross-
stitch border. Mrs. Joseph W. Knight
Jones, Sarah. 1763. Savannah [Ga.]. 7 yrs, 13" x 13". Cross-stitch. Flowered vine border.
Basket and flowers at bottom. Verse 355 (var.). The Ten Commandments, the Lord's
Prayer, and the Apostles' Creed. Mrs. O. N. Torian
Jordan, Hannah. 1798. Scituate [Mass.]. 18 yrs. 15^" x 19^". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Cross-borders. Verses 187, 490 (var.). Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Keating, Ruth L. 1799. 11 yrs. 12" x 15". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, tent, satin, and cross-
stitch. Cross-stitch border. Basket of flowers, birds and vines at bottom.
Mrs. H. C. Bunner
Keeler, Catherine. 1718. 8" x 11". Satin and cross-stitch. Simple border. At bottom,
2 baskets of fruit, bird between, large vase of flowers each side, candlesticks between birds,
pine tree on each end. Verse 66 (1, var.). A. M. Barnes, Esq.
Keith, Jemima. 1785. Bridgewater [Mass.]. 18 yrs. 5^" x 5i". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Miss Julia M. Howard
Kellah, Betsy Otis Lewis. 1785. 8" x 10". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Mrs. George T. Brown
K[emp], a. M. 11^" X 9". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Mrs. George R. Southwick
58 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Kemp, Harriot. 9 yrs. 12" x 15", Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. At bottom, large urn
in middle, with conventional flowers. Four smaller vases of roses and two bowls of straw-
berries. Verse 515 (var.). A. Piatt Andrew, Esq.
Kext, Sally [Sara Evelixa]. January 17, 1794. Suflaeld, Conn. 15" x 21". 3 alphabets.
Cross and eyelet-stitch. Eyelet border and conventional flower. "Germanicus Kent Aged
4 years May 31. Arrates Kent Aged 7 months January 17, 1794. SaUy Kent Dec 24".
Verse 601. Mrs. Richard Webb
KiLLE, Bathsheba. 1790. 13" x 17". Satin and cross-stitch. Hemstitched, with Greek fret
border of currants, clover leaves, forget-me-nots, rosebuds, strawberries, etc. Floral spray
tied with bow-knot around verse. Verses 631 (1), 633. Names on sampler: "Father John
Kille, Mother Mary Kille." Mrs. John Tyler
Kimball, Abigal. 1772. KH" x 10^". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
King, Elizabeth. 1788. 12 yrs. 12" x 14f". Alphabet. Laid-work, cross-stitch, and other
fancy stitches. Narrow border outside, and inside border with set patterns of strawberries
and animals. Elaborate pattern of animals and strawberries at bottom. Elizabeth King
died soon after completing this sampler, and this fact is indicated on the sampler by a
black letter E. Mrs. A. W. Hitchcock
King, . [After 1795.] 12" x 24". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, chain, and cross-stitch. Family
names and dates on sampler: "Martlia King born June 11, 1785; Miles King born June 9,
1786; Eliza King born July 29, 1788; Peggy Cara King born Oct. 5, 1792; Maria Custine
born June 25, 1795." Mrs. John Southgate Tucker
KixG, Mary. 1759. Boston [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 14" x 14". Alphabet. Satin and cross-stitch.
Conventional border, with roses on top and sides. Dogs, squirrels, flowers, and peacocks
at bottom. Essex Institute
King, Rhoda. [Cir. 1780.] Taunton [Mass. Born October 10, 1767.]. 7" x 9". Alphabets.
Cross, queen, and tent-stitch. Miss Emily C. Williams
Kinsman, Lucy. 1758. Ipswich [Mass.]. 7" x 92". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Plain border
in cross-stitch, also cross-borders. Miss Lucy 8. Jewett
KiTCHiN, Sarah. 1790. [Solebury Township, Bucks County, Pa.] 13 yrs. 11" x 15". 3 al-
phabets. Cross-stitch. Cross-borders. The Misses Ely
Kneeland, Lydia. 1741. Boston [Mass.]. 13 yrs. 10^" x 15^". Cross and satin-stitch. Vine
border. Elaborate cross-borders of roses, strawberry plants, trees, birds, animals. Verses
8, 187, 490 (var.). Miss Charlotte Hedge
Kneeland, Mary. 1793. 14 yrs. 14" x 16". Cross-stitch and petit-point. Conventional straw-
berry border with filled-in background. Trees, birds, and flowers. Verses 40 (var.), 248
(1, var.). Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Knight, Ales. 1737. 7" x 17". 2 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Strawberry and con-
ventional cross-borders in seventeenth century style. Verse 584. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Knight, Eunice. [Cir. 1752.] Newbury [Mass.]. Born July 2, 1741. 12" x 21*'. 3 alphabets.
Rosette, satin, and cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Hills, trees with fruit, and flowers,
birds, baskets, sheep, etc. Mrs. Ann M. Ilsley
Knight, Eunice. 1799. 13 yrs. 11" x 144". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge.
Cross-border of roses. Birds, trees, dogs, flower-pots, and large basket of flowers.
Eunice Harriet Roery
PLATE XXI
Catherine Yax Schaick. Albany. 1763
Owned by the laie 2Irs. Abraham Lansing
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 59
KxowLES, Sabah. 1732 or 6. 12 yrs. 6^" x Si". Cross-stitch. Birds, trees, and the names,
Gilpin and Knowles. Verses 39, 92 (1, var.), 345 (1). Miss Elizabeth J. Hopkins
Ladson, Mary Smith. 1789. Charleston [S. C.]. 8 yrs. lOJ" x lU". Alphabet. Cross-
stitch, eyelet, and satin-stitch. Eyelet-stitch border. Verse 212. Miss Isabelle Ladson
Lake, Sabah. 7" x 12". 3 alphabets. Bird's-eye, satin, and cross-stitch. Border of roses,
bachelor's buttons, birds, etc. Verse 343 (1, var.). Redwood Library, Newport
Lamb, Lydia. 1787. lOV' x 14". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, queen, and cross-stitch. Verse 343
(1, var.). Mrs. Stanley H. Lowndes
Lamson, Hanxah. 1766. Medford [Mass.]. Born in 1756. 8" x 10^". 4 alphabets. Eyelet
and cross-stitch. Strawberry cross-border. Names on sampler: "Susanna born Dec. 27
1753; Hannah Lamson born Jan. 2, 1756; Elizabeth Lamson born Dec. 4, 1760; Joseph
Lamson born Feb. 2, 1760; Nathaniel [Lamson born] April 10, 1762; William [Lamson
born] April 1, 1764." "Whilst we are here ..." Mrs. Thomas 8. Young
Lane, Fanny. 1791. Bedford [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 12" x 18". 2 alphabets. Ej'elet and cross-
stitch. Border in eyelet-stitch. Cross-borders of strawberries and vine and strawberry
blossoms and vine. Mrs. E. A. Rollins
Langdon, Caroline. 1790. Portsmouth, N. H. Born December 31, 1780. 12" x 20". 4 alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch and variety of fancy stitches. Vine border. Fancy design using dia-
mond shapes. Verse 632. Mrs. William Gorham Rice
Langdon, Caty [Catherine Smith]. 1797. Conventional flowers. Verse 128 (1, var.). [She
married Amos Smith, and Washington Allston had his studio in her house.]
Miss Catherine Langdon Rogers
Labkins, Suky. 1792. 12 yrs. 12" x 8". Stem and cross-stitch. 2 alphabets. Verse 362.
Miss Lorimer
Latham, C. W. 13^" x 13". 4 alphabets. Chain, satin, and cross-stitch. Vine border. Verse
515 (var.). Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Latham, Maria P. 8" x 17i". 3 alphabets. Chain, satin, and cross-stitch. Greek fret border.
Flowers. Verse 515 (var.). Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Lathrop, Lucy. 11 yrs. 13" x 14". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. In border,
sprays of roses, pinks, heartsease, tulips, etc., also basket filled with different flowers.
Miss Marian Hague
Lawrence, Sally Clay. 1798. Exeter [N. H.]. 7 yrs. 10" x 16". 5 alphabets. Eyelet, cat,
satin, and cross-stitch. Sheep, strawberry plants and blossoms. Mrs. Walter M. Lincoln
Lawton, Mary. 1771. Portsmouth [R. I.]. 12 yrs. Born August 28, 1759. 9" x 10".
6 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Strawberry and vine border. Verse 129 (var.).
Mrs. Fred R. Gibbs
Laycock, Hannah. 1787. 9 yrs. Cross-stitch. Hearts and hour-glasses. "Remember thy
Creator," etc. Mrs. John C. Munro
Laycock, Sarah. 1787. 12 yrs. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Verses 198, 345 (var.).
Mrs. John C. Munro
Lea, Elizabeth. 1752. [Born at Concord, Pa., January 15, 1745. O. S.] 10" x 14". Cross
and stem-stitch. Green grass and flowers. Miss Anna Lea
60 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Leach, Betsy. 1789. Marblehead [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 17^" x 18^". Cross-stitch. Strawberry
border. Vase with flowers, ram, birds, and flowers. Names and ages given on sampler:
"Henry Leach aged 43 yrs, Betsy Leach aged 11 years, Richard Leach aged 6 years,
Hannah Leach aged 3 years, Katharine Leach aged 42 years, Nathaniel Leach aged 9 years,
Salle Leach aged 2 years. Mary Magery who died September 26, aged 22 years." Verses
128, 213. Marblehead Historical Society
Leavitt, Maey. 1718. 13 yrs. 8^" x 16^". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch and tent-stitch. Simple
cross-borders. Figures of "Ashur" and "Elisha" dancing on green momid and playing
on wind instruments, also detached letters and figures. (See tailpiece, p. 8.)
Miss A. B. Willson
Leech, Maky. 1794. Hatboro [Pa.]. 9 yrs. Cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Houses, trees,
and birds. Initials of the family. Verse 343 (1). Descendants of Mary Leech
Lees, Hetty. 1799. 9 yrs. 16i" x 20". Alphabet. Queen, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry
vine border in satin-stitch. Design of barn, house, trees, etc. Verse 198. Illustrated.
Mrs. Henry Eugene Coe
Lehman, Elizabeth. 1790. 16" x 17^". HoUie-point lace.
Memorial Hall, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia
Lehman, Susan. [1799.] 9 yrs. [Born in Philadelphia in 1790.] 14" x 12". 6 alphabets.
Eyelet and cross-stitch. Simple cross-borders. Parrots and dogs and plant at bottom.
Verse 239. Illustrated. Mrs. Charles Schiiffer
Lehman, Susan. [1799.] 9 yrs. [Born in 1790.] 16^" x 16i". 2 alphabets. Stem, satin,
and cross-stitch. Strawberry border -and, inside, saw-tooth border. Scene with house,
barn, fence, and trees.
"One Weeks Extremity May Teach Us More Than Long Prosperity
Had Done Before Death Is Forgotten In Our Easy State But Trou
pies Mind Us In Our Final Fate The Doing 111 Affects Us not with Fears
But Suffring 111 Brings Sorrow Woe And Tears." Mrs. Charles Schaffer
Lehman, Susanah. 1796. [6 yrs.] 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Carnation cross-borders.
Mrs. Charles Schaffer
Leigh, Marcy. [Cir. 1784. Newbury, Mass.] Born November 22 [1775]. 7^" x 9^". Alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched border. Miss Sarah Jackson Leigh
Leonard, Fanny. 1774. 12 yrs. 13" x 8". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Verse 604.
Charles H. Warren, Esq.
Levistone, Olive. 1797. 11 yrs. 12" x 16". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch.
Zigzag borders, with eyelets in between. Conventional trees and birds and man in baggy
breeches. Verse 128 (var.). Miss Mary C. Wheelwright
Lewis, Elizabeth. 18" x 18". Stem and cross-stitch. Rose border. Hill with flower garden,
peacock, tall vases, sheep, lady with lamb, rose tree with white squirrel imder it, white
French poodle, rabbit, and bluebird between poplars. Verse 615. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Lewis, Mabtha. 1740. Charleston [S. C.]. 12 yrs. 10^" x 18". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, stem,
satin, petit-point, cat, tent, and cross-stitch. Border of little trees at top; border of birds
and geometrical designs at bottom. Mrs. John F. Bennett
Lewis, Maey. 1790. Born November 8, 1780. 8" x 10". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Narrow
cross-borders. Conventional tree, etc. Annie Booth Law
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 61
Lewise, Ann. 11 yrs. 16" x 17^". 2 alphabets. Tent, filler, cushion, French knot, and cross-
stitch. Flowered vine border. Scene with house, barn, dovecote, doves, trees, fence, and
two flower baskets. Verse 494 (1 and 2). The Emma B. Hodge Collection
Lincoln, Eunice. 1794. 24i" x 20i". Stem, satin, tent, cat, cross-stitch, queen and petit-
point. Strawberry border outside, next, wide conventional border in solid cross-stitch;
vines and flowers on either side, and across top, scene with shepherd and shepherdess and
black and white sheep; just below, angels, birds, trees, and animals; then house and trees,
with picture of farmer and his wife in corners; inscription, "Let Virtue be a guide to
thee"; and in lower section, lord and lady of the manor on either side of shield bearing
name and date; and below that. Verse 646. Mrs. Miles White, Jr.
LippiNcoTT, Rachel. 1793. 17 yrs. 11" x 17". 2 alphabets. Cat, queen, eyelet, and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. Verse 375. Anna C. Scott
LippiTT, Julia. 1797. 14" x 12". ["Miss Polly Balch's School."] Long and short, stem, satin,
split, eyelet, and cross-stifch. Basket of fruit, flowers and birds inside of arch.
Miss M. Frances Babcock
LipPiTT, Phebe. 1787. Cranston [R. I.]. 11 yrs. 9^" x 13". 2 alphabets. Tent, chain, eye-
let, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border and strawberry and carnation cross-borders.
Verses 187, 490 (var.). Mrs. L. C. Harper
Little, Jane. 1786. Newbury [Mass.]. 12" x 13". Alphabet. Stem, eyelet, and cross-stitch.
Strawberry and vine border. Small letters in needlework frames. "General George Wash-
ington the ornament example and defense of our nation". Miss Hannah M. W. Merrill
Little, Ruth. 1766. Marshfield [Mass.]. 9 yrs. lOi" x 21". 1 alphabet. Cross and eyelet-
stitch, Greek fret and trefoil cross-borders. Verses 182 (1, 3), 490 (var.).
Miss Florence G. Ford
L[ockwood], P[hebe]. 1785. Born December 9, 1778. 13^" x t\". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Verses 10 (1), 201, 617 (var). Mrs. Lorenzo Sears
Lord, Hannah. 1764. 7^" x 93". 2 alphabets. Petit-point, queen, tent, and cross-stitch.
Conventional border of flowers and vines. Conventionalized flower in cross-border.
"Sing unto God, sing praises to his name.
Extol him that rideth upon the heavens
by his name jah and rejoice before him
A father of the fatherless and a judge of
the widow is god in his holy habitation." Albert C. Bates, Esq.
LoRiNG, Lydia. 1794. Born August 31, 1781. "Derby School." 11" x 15". 2 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Strawberry border, with diflFerent designs in corners. Verse 227. [Massachusetts.]
Mrs. Frederick H. Tappan
Loring, Polly. 1787. Born February 16, 1778. 1 alphabet. Cat-stitch. Strawberry border.
Greek fret cross-border. Mrs. Frederick H. Tappan
Lynde, Anna. 14 yrs. 10" x 14". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, and cross-stitch. Conventional
border at top. Verse 132 (1, var.). Worcester Art Museum
Lynde, Dorothy. 1757. 12" x 14". 10 yrs. 1 alphabet and 2 parts of alphabets. Petit-point
covering the entire canvas. Eyelet and satin-stitch. Border contains the sun at the top,
cherubim at either upper corner, figures on pedestals at either side; below, a scene with
house, trees, a black dog, one sheep, and a shepherdess. Verse 132 (1, var.). Illustrated
in color. Old South Meeting House, Boston
62 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Lynde, Hannah. 7" x 12^". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Verse 128 (var,).
Worcester Art Museum
Lynde, Mary. 1761. 13 yrs. 6*" x 8^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Worcester Art Museum
Lyon, Elizabeth. 1791. [New Haven, Conn.] 14 yrs. 18" x 21". 2 alphabets. Vine border.
Vases in corners at bottom. Picture of an old girls' school on State Street, with ladies
and gentlemen and sheep. Verse 218. Mrs. William Lyon Phelps
Lyon, Polly. 1786. 6 yrs. 6" x 10". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Strawberry design.
Mrs. William Lyon Phelps
Lyon, Sophia. August 8, 1790. [New Haven, Conn.] 5 yrs. 10" x 11^". 2 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. At top, bird in nest and flowers. Greek fret at bottom. Verses 216, 340.
Mrs. William Lyon Phelps
M., A. F. 1762. 9 yrs. Hamburg. 11" x 14". Twenty imitations of materials, from silk
stockings to brocade. Even the selvage is imitated. Mrs. O. Clem, Goodrich
Macomber, Ann. 1799. 11" x 13". Alphabet. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Scene with
"Liberty Hall," Philadelphia, also house, fence, two gates, sidewalk, horse, trees, dog.
Illustrated. Mrs. Lorenzo Sears
Makepeace, Sukey. [1750.] 16^" x 23". Alphabet. Cross, split, satin, and knot-stitch.
Pineapple and rose border. Landscape with peacock, birds, two dogs, and stag. Illus-
trated. The Emma B. Hodge Collection
Mann, Anna. 1791. 12 yrs. 7" x 9". 2 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. Crude designs
in center. Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Mansfield, Betsy ) 1772. 1772-1799. 8*" x lOV'. 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. "1. Betsy
Pierce, Eliza C 1796. Mansfield 1772 aged 10. 2. Eliza Pierce 1796 aged 10. 3. Har-
Pierce, Harriot ) 1799. riot Pierce 1799 aged 8." Mrs. Charles J. White
Marquand, Ann. 1796. Newburyport [Mass.]. 10 yrs. Born October 16, 1786. 11" x 11".
4 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Cross-borders: lozenge and diamond,
scroll, heart, diamond, and Greek fret. Four baskets and two rose bushes. Verse 617.
Miss Elizabeth Marquand
Marshall, Betsy. 1799. [Bridgewater, Mass.] 9 yrs. 7^" x 10^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Vine border. Design of leaves and figures. Theodore P. Tower, Esq.
Marshall, Elizabeth. 1724. 11 yrs. 7i" x llj". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Scroll, point, and strawberry borders at top. Bird perched on branch of leaves and flowers.
["From the West Indies."] Mrs. John H. Morison
Marshall, Lydia. 11 yrs. 3 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Border, saw-tooth and
strawberry vine. In middle, a vase with small tree on either side. Verse 164.
Mrs. Mabel Hurley
Martin, Margaret. 1763. Charleston [S. C.]. 8^" x 18". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, hem-stitch, and
cross-stitch. Hemstitched and drawn-work border at top and bottom. Verse 356.
Mrs. William Dunkin
Martin, Nabby. 1786. 10^" x 15". Petit-point, split, stem, satin, tent, queen, and cross-stitch.
Brown University building at top, and at bottom. Old State House, also three groups of
ladies and gentlemen. Large flowers on either side in border. Verse 97. ["Miss PoUy
Balch's School."] Rhode Island School of Design
Mascarene, Elizabeth. 1762. 11 yrs. 6" x 9". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Simple cross-stitch
design at top and bottom. Edmund M. Dow, Esq.
'ssi-S'ta^'*— -««•
'-'^Mrt^-y-BM
PLATE XXII
Sally Rea's Sampler. 1766
Owned by Mrs. Miles White, Jr.
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 63
Mason, John. [Cir. 1780.] Painted sampler. "Son of Solomon Mason and Anna his wife,
was born January the 3rd Anno Domini 1767." Floral design at top, and at bottom,
figures of parents, with vase filled with flowers in between them. Verse 365. Illustrated.
Maxcy Applegate, Esq.
Mason, Mary. 1797. [Salem County, N. J.] 12 yrs. 8^" x 17". 3 alphabets. Buttonhole,
tent, eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Conventional borders. The Misses Holme
Mason, Polly. 1798. Framingham [Mass.]. 9" x 6". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Unfinished.
Lancaster Library, Massachusetts
Mather, Mary. 1767. 12 yrs. 4 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Carnation,
strawberry, trees, and birds, and conventional cross-borders. Strawberry design.
Mrs. J. Henry Small
Matthews, Temperance. 1750. 10 yrs. 10" x 12". Eyelet and cross-stitch. Border of pine
trees and crowns. Proverbs 31, verses 29-31. Robert P. Jordan, Dealer
Mawney, Amey. 1787. Providence [R. I.]. 7^" x 14". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch.
Cross-stitch border. Design of strawberry vine, but incomplete. Verses 617 (var.), 626.
Miss Amey Lemoine Willson
May, Catherine. 1770. Boston [Mass.]. 13 yrs. 5^" x 19i". 6 alphabets. Tapestry, satin,
and cross-stitch. Dog-tooth border. Landscape with house, sheep, figures, trees, etc.
Dr. Zabdiel Boylston Adams
May, Mary Ann. April 23, 1793. 11 yrs. 12" x 16". 3 alphabets. Cross, satin, and stem-
stitch. Strawberry border. Simple cross-borders. Tree, two baskets of fruit, and two
butterflies. Verses 45, 92a (2). Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
Mayhew, Sally. 1787. Newburj^port [Mass.]. 17" x 8i". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and
cross-stitch. Strawberry border at top. Double lines of cross-stitch at bottom. "I'le
praise my maker while I have breath." Miss Lillian Adams
McClitre, Nancy. 1795. 7 yrs. 17" x 16^". 3 alphabets. Chiefly stem and cross-stitch. Vine
border. Mrs I. Tucker Burr
McCullough, Elizabeth. 1787. Newcastle [Del.]. 11" x 15". 2 alphabets. Queen, flat,
stem, and cross-stitch. Vine border. At bottom, tree on either side of a flower piece and
medallion at right. Verse 511 (1, var.). Mrs. Edmund K. Ooldsborough
McDonald, Mary. 1787. Albany [N. Y.]. 12 yrs. 7^" x 10*". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Two peacocks, on either side of basket of flowers. Mary McDonald Vosburgh
McGary, Lydl4 James. [1785.] 8 yrs. 7^" x 9". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Mrs. Oeorge Thurber Brown
McLean, Elizabeth H. 1785. [Near Gettysburg, Pa.] 2 alphabets. Outline, eyelet, and
cross-stitch. Top border of strawberry; bottom border, old Indian basket pattern. Verse
619. Mrs. W. P. Stevenson
McLean, Mary. [1773 or 1775.] Border and cross-borders. At bottom, pine tree with bird
on top branch. Verse 197. Maxcy Applegate, Esq.
McLellan, Eliza. 12 yrs. 11" x 17". 2 alphabets. Queen, tent, and cross-stitch. Cross-
borders. Design, basket of strawberries and two plants on either side.
A. Stainforth, Dealer
Mears, Abigail. 1772. 15" x 19". 2 alphabets. Cross, satin, eyelet, imitation couching-stitch.
Border of conventionalized flowers. Strawberry, saw-tooth, and Greek fret cross-borders.
At bottom, a hunting scene with a stag and four dogs. Verse 359. Illustrated.
Mrs. Henry Eugene Coe
64 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
It
Merrick, Maria. 1798. [Brookfield, Mass.] 8 yrs. Born October 14, 1790. 11" x 12^
3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Trees, birds, plants, flowers, fruits,
animals, etc., divided by four cross-borders. Miss Frances M. Lincoln
Merrill, Susaxxa [Sukey]. 1793. Newburyport [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 16V' x 21". 3 alphabets.
Eyelet, chain, herring-bone, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Vine border interwoven with
flowers. Vase of flowers with bird on either side, also sheep, trees, and set designs.
"Sickness may strip you of
The bloom of the rose
But the beauties of
The mind will endear
Beyond the grave.
My young friend
Prepare to meet
Your God."
Verse 601 (1, 2, 3). Mrs. F. D. Greene
Messer, Nancy. 1798. New London [Conn.]. 8" x 8^". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Michexeh, Deborah. 1774. [Plumstead Township, Bucks County, Pa.]. 17 yrs. 8i" x 11^".
Alphabet. Family initials: "W M [William], J M [John], S M [Sarah], B M [Barak],
H M [Hannah], D M [Deborah], M M [Mordecai], H M [Hannah], E M [Elizabeth],
R M [?], KM [Katharine], M M [?], S M [?]." Captain Capehart, U. S. N.
MicKLE, Sarah. 1763. 9" x lOJ". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, flat, and cross-stitch. Cross-borders
and small designs. Mrs. Edward Dillon
Miller, [Anna] Elizabeth. 1797. [Kensington, Philadelphia, Pa.] 11 yrs. 16^" x 17".
1 alphabet. Queen, eyelet, stem, satin, cross-stitch, and other stitches. Border, Greek fret,
strawberries or roses. Cross-borders. Trees, birds, houses, and fences. Initials of father
and mother, "CM, M M." Verse 523. Miss Anna E. Murphy
Miller, Lucretia. 1798. 14 yrs. 7" x 7i". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Narrow cross-stitch
border. Cross-borders of Greek fret. Heart, crown, etc. Mrs. John F. Calder
Miller, Mary. 1775. Savannah [Ga.]. 10" x 12^". Alphabet. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch.
Floral border. Scene with ladies, children, servants, tree, fruit, flowers, and insects.
Verse 606 (1, var.). Mrs. Arthur H. Wright
Miller, Sally. 1783. Middletown [Conn.]. 9 yrs. 16^" x 17". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Border, strawberry design on sides, vine with small baU at top and bottom. Verses 41
(var.), 132 (1, var.), 191 (1, var.). Mrs. Stanley H. Lowndes
Montgomery, Nancy. 1798. Middleborough. 9 yrs. 6" x 8". Alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Mrs. George F. Seaver
Moore, Sibilah. 1788. [Mullica Hill, Gloucester County, N. J.] 10 yrs. [Born February 8,
1778.] 12i" x 17". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, cat, flat, queen, and cross-stitch. Borders across
top and bottom of strawberries, roses, vines. Conventional carnations across bottom.
Verse 343 (1). Family names and initials on sampler: father and mother, "Joshua Moore,
Rachel Moore;" children, "H M, R M, AM, KM, S M, P M, M M."
William F. Edwards, Esq.
MoREY, Betsy Jenkins. 1798. [Vermont. 7 yrs.] 12" x 4". 3 alphabets. Satin, stem, and
cross-stitch. Border of stem-stitch points. Carnation design. Mrs. James N. Bailey
Morse, Cynthia. 1748. Foxboro. 3" x 8". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Mrs. Ella G. Church
J
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 65
Morton, Lydia. 1765. 12 yrs. 8" x 14". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Diamond
border and plain cross-borders. Strawberry design. Verse 128 (1, var.).
M. B. Lemon, Dealer
Motley, Mahy. 1795. 11 yrs. Born August 25, 1783. 1 alphabet. Satin and cross-stitch.
Border of vine and strawberries. In center, Mason's square and compass with inscription,
"Richard Driver departed this life July the 19 in the year of our lord 1792;" and on
either side a large flowering plant, also the words, "Aged seventy seven." In upper part,
"Richard Motley was married to Ann Wilson Driver the 14th of July in Year of our lord
1780. Ann Motley Born July 8 1781, Mary Motley Born Aug 25 1783, Sukey Motley
Born March 5 1788, Elizabeth Motley Born February 4 1787, James Motley Born Aug 16
1789, WilHam Motley Born October 6 1791, John Motley Born June 5 1794." Verse 613.
Mrs. Frederick F. Thompson
MoTTNTFORT, Hannah. May 22, 1736. [Boston, Mass.?] 12 yrs. Born February 5, 1724.
18" X 9". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Borders of carnation, straw-
berry, Greek fret, rose, cross, vine, and trefoil designs. Verse 128 (var.).
Mrs. Mary A. Rhodes
MuHLEXBERG, Hetty. 1797. Reading [Pa.]. 12 yrs. 21^" x 21V'. 2 alphabets. Stem and
cross-stitch. Strawberry border and carnation cross-border at top. Round basket out of
which are growing carnations, bluebells, rosebuds, and heartsease. Small parrot is perched
on top spray. Verse 48. Mrs. John A. Hoogerwerf
Muhlexberg, Susanxa. 1790. Trappe [Pa.]. 11 yrs. 18" x 11". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Borders, Greek fret and strawberry. Cross in two upper corners.
Verse 139. Mrs. John A. Kress
MuiFORD, Sarah. 1794. [AUoway, N. J.] 10" x 14", 5 alphabets. Eyelet, tent, queen, and
cross-stitch. Vine and carnation border. Cross-border in vine and strawberry pattern.
Two trees and grass. Verse 642. Mrs. William K. Andrews
MuxRo, Sally. 12" x 17". Queen, satin, and cross-stitch. Border, vine rising out of vases in
lower corners, also strawberries and various flowers. Scene 1, Adam and Eve beautifully
dressed, and Tree of Knowledge ; Scene 2, President's house. Brown University, and people
going to the reception. A doctor's gig in front of the house. Verse 4. Illustrated.
Newport Historical Society
Murray, Deborah. 1777. 6 yrs. Alphabet. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Rows of strawberries,
crowns, and saw-teeth. "The Expectation of future Happiness is the Best Relief of
Anxious Thoughts the most perfect cure of Milancholy the guide of Life and the Comfort
of Death." "Remember thy Creator," etc. Verse 609 (2, var.). Mrs. I. Edwin Ruggles
Mutter, Elizabeth. [Cir. 1790. Granville County, N. C. 12 yrs.] 16^" x 17". Darning and
cross-stitch. Floral border. Mary Sumner Kingsbury
Nelson, Mary Ann. 1797. Augusta, Va. 12 yrs. 17" x 21". Flat, eyelet, stem, and satin-
stitch. Simple borders. "The Message," St. Luke, Chapter 2, verses 13, 14, and 16.
Verse 524. Mrs. E. C. Skaggs
Newco3ib, Edeth. 1795-96. Cohansey, N. J. 17" x 24". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch.
Vine border. Cross-borders of flowers and vines. Potted flowers. Family initials: "T B,
E B, E B, E B, A B, SB, R N, E N, E N, K N, E N, R N." Verses 187, 490 (var.).
Mrs. C. May Neeld
Newell, Maby. 1792. 10 yrs. 7" x 9". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Prof. F. P. Oorham
66 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Newhall, Lucy. 1793. Lynn [Mass.]. 11 yrs. [Born July 26, 1782.] 9" x 18". 1 alphabet.
Eyelet, stem, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Verses 490 (var.), 639.
Miss Bertha M. Larkin
Nichols, Anxa. 1778. 21 yrs. 7i" x 6". 2 alphabets. Herring-bone and cross-stitch. Cross-
stitch border. Mrs. Emma Cheney Peabody
Nichols, Sarah. 1794. Newbury [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 11" x 17". 5 alphabets. Laid-stitch, satin
and cross-stitch. Diamond border. Design at bottom consists of trees, large and small
birds, animals, baskets of flowers, etc. Verse 380. Mrs. Mary F. Hudson
NicKALLs, SusANNE. 1792. Londonderry. 12 yrs. 9^" x 15A". 2 alphabets. Cross and satin-
stitch. Hemstitched edge and strawberry border. Garden of Eden, with Adam and Eve
and Serpent. Verse 10 (1). Miss Lucasta J. Boynton
NiLEs, Jaxe. 1791. Philadelphia [Pa. 18 yrs. Born July 7, 1773.]. 18" x 22". 2 alphabets.
Eyelet and cross-stitch. Strawberry, rose, carnation, and vine border. Trees, birds,
animals, and baskets of flowers. Verses 219, 490 (var.). Hannah Niles Freeland Miller
NoRCROss, Polly. [Cir. 1791.] Pittston [Me.]. 7" x 10". 3 alphabets. Cat, rope, and cross-
stitch. Cat-stitch border. "There is nothing of so much worth as a mind well instructed."
Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Norton, Abigail. 1775. 15 yrs. 21^" x 7". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. "Remember Thy
Creator in the days of thy Youth." Clarence A. Mathewson, Esq.
NoYES, Katy. 1787. Newbury [Mass.]. 14 yrs. Born August 17, 1773. 17" x 22*". 4 alpha-
bets. Eyelet, French knot, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Rose and vine border on three
sides. Landscape with hills, sheep, lambs, trees, sparrow, and parrot. Verse 368.
Mrs. John F. Pearson
Nugent, Sally. 1784. Philadelphia [Pa.]. 21 yrs. 7f" x 17". Alphabet. Buttonhole, stem,
eyelet, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Vase with unfinished flowers and cluster of
flowers. Names of brotherr, "Washington, Charles, James," and one too indistinct to
make out. "Love best and honor thy mother." Miss Mary Hale Coffin
Oliver, Sarah. 1755. Boston [Mass.]. Born in 1745. 8^" x 11". Alphabets. Conventional
trees. Hutchinson Collection, sold at American Art Galleries, New York, April 11, 1918
Olmsted, Elizabeth. [Cir. 1736.] East Hartford [Conn.]. Born August 26, 1726. Cross-
stitch. Conventional border. Family record: "Ashbel Olmsted born February 10, 1726;
Hannah Newberry born October 3, 1729; Married November 3, 1737; Mabel Olmsted born
January 21, 1759; died May 19, 1759; Mabel Olmsted born November 7, 1759; Ashbel
Olmsted born March 12, 1761; Elizabeth Olmsted born August 26, 1762; Ursula Olmsted
born January 29, 1764; Elihu Olmsted born September 7, 1765; Hannah Olmsted born
January 21, 1768; Amelia Olmsted born August 19, 1769; Naomi Olmsted born October 1.3,
1772; Elizy Olmsted's Registry." Mrs. A. L. Fanning
Ohmsbee, Robe A. 1790. 10" x 7". 5 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. Verse 617 (1).
The Misses Peck
Orne, Lois. 1767. Salem [Mass.]. 8" x 11". 3 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch. Cross-
stitch border. Strawberry vine design. Mrs. A. G. Bullock
Orwin, Margaret. 1786. 8^" x 21". 5 alphabets. Tent and eyelet-stitch. Animals, man and
woman, and many initials. Miss Anne Lee
Osgood, Lydia. [Before 1800.] 12 yrs. 8i" x 9". 4 alphabets. Border of Greek fret, straw-
berry, cross, and chain patterns. Several hearts on right side. W. G. Bowdoin, Esq.
'■O
c
o
O
X
X
^^
rt Si
s
o
u
o
PS
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 67
Owen, Rebekah. 1745. [Cambridge, Mass.] 11 yrs. 8" x 15". 1 alphabet. Stem, rose-point,
and cross-stitch over a single thread. Strawberry border. Conventional cross-stitch cross-
borders. Adam and Eve, Tree of Knowledge and Serpent, also detached flowers around
scene. Verse 348. Illustrated. Mrs. George E. Smith
OwixGS, Sakah. 1799. 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Plain border. Verse 241. Mrs. Sighee
Packard, Sophia. 1791. Providence [R. I.]. 14" x 12". ["Miss Polly Balch's School."] 3 al-
phabets. Chain, stem, satin, queen, and cross-stitch. Carnation border. Oval with inscrip-
tion inside. Verse 503 (var.). Mrs. J. H. Hambly
Padelford, Susan Sarah Levett. 1794. Taimton [Mass.]. 8J" x 8i". Cross, satin, chain, and
flat-stitch. House, with arch over the door and small windowpanes. [Born 1782.]
Mrs. J. Lewis Austin
Pain, Rachel. 1792. [Marblehead? Mass.] 8" x 8". Chain, stem, satin, and cross-stitch.
Chain-stitch border. Plant in flower-pot, bush, and birds. Verse 12. Mrs. B. F. Stacey
Paine, Harriet. 1787. [St. Johns, New Brunswick.] 12 yrs. 19" x 19". Alphabet. Stem
and cross-stitch. Vine and flower border. Verse 138. Mrs. Francis H. Lee
Painter, Susanna. 1724. Philadelphia [Pa.]. 7 yrs. 11" x 8V'. 2 alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. "The blessing of the Lord: it maketh rich and he addeth no sorrow with it."
Miss Susan P. Wharton
Parker, Betsy. 1799. 15 yrs. 11" x 14^". 3 alphabets. Satin, queen, petit-point, stem, eyelet,
and cross-stitch. Border of carnations and cross-borders of rose and trefoil patterns.
Humpy green ground, with bush and unfinished rose [?]. Verse 627 (1).
A. Stainforth, Dealer
Parker, Mary. 1741. 13 yrs. 9i" x 18^". 3 alphabets. Cross, eyelet, and various other
stitches. Strawberry, carnation, and other conventional cross-borders. Scene with Adam
and Eve and Tree of Knowledge and Serpent. Illustrated. Mrs. Henry H. Edes
Parker, Sally. 1796. 11 yrs. 2 alphabets. Satin, eyelet, long, stem, and cross-stitch. Greek
fret border. Trees, grass, and flowers. Verse 625 (1). 3Irs. Savary and Miss Parker
Parker, Susannah. 1790. Portsmouth [N. H.]. 10 yrs. 9" x 14". Alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Vine border. Merrill Spalding, Esq.
Pahkhurst, Hannah. 1781. Newark [N. J.]. 13 yrs. Born December 6, 1768. 7i" x 9i".
3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Miss Frances C. Force
Parrish, Deborah. 1784. Philadelphia [Pa.]. 10*" x 12 J". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, long, and
cross-stitch. Rose and strawberry border. Verse 609 (var.). Miss Susan P. Wharton
Patten, Experience. 1799. Hartford [Conn.]. 12 yrs. 15" x 22". 5 alphabets. Eyelet,
stem, and cross-stitch. Plain border. Scene with house, poplars, fence, and grass.
Verse 74. The Misses Hill
Patten, Lucinda. 1794. 8 yrs. 12V' x 20V'. 2 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch. Plain
border. Rose in center, tulips on either side. Verses 46, 98, 129. The Misses Hill
Paul, Judith. [1791.] Providence. 16^" x 13^". ["Miss Polly Balch's School."] Chain, satin,
and cross-stitch. House, figures, and trees. Verse 606 (1, var.).
Rhode Island Historical Society
Peabody, Sarah Hazard. 17 . [Cir. 1765?] 12" x 15^". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and
cross-stitch. Double saw-tooth border. Pot of flowers in lower corners, baskets of fruit,
with flowers arching over. Verse 95. Miss Susan Woodman
68 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Pearce, Lydia. 1796. 8 yrs. Alphabet. Cross and satin-stitch. Plain cross-stitch border.
Cross-stitch dividing lines. Verse 129 (var.). Described by Mrs. A. A. Lawrence
Pearson, Hannah. 1793. Ipswich [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 12" x 21". 2 alphabets. French knots,
satin, stem, and cross-stitch. Flower and vine border. At top, in center, a bouquet in jar,
with large birds on either side. At bottom, flowers and leaves. John F. Pearson, Esq.
Pearson, Mary HoLYOKE. | ^^ ^^p 16" x 8i". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Pearson, Margaretta Bromfield. J
Simple zigzag border. Greek fret cross-border at bottom. Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Pearson, Susannah. 1756. lOJ" x 15^". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, flat, and cross-stitch. Cross-
border at top and bottom. Verse 185. Miss Caroline M. Burnham
Pecker, Elizabeth. 1750. Born July 31, 1735. 15^" x 20". 4 alphabets. Stem and cross-
stitch. Double strawberry border. Elaborate design at bottom, with two trees, large
basket of flowers, birds, hens, cat, dogs, and lady. Verse 128 (1, var.). Illustrated.
Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Pedrick, Elizabeth. 1787. [Marblehead, Mass.] 18" x 21". 3 alphabets. Chain, stem, satin,
cross-stitch, and seed-stitch. Adam and Eve in Garden of Eden, etc., also many symbols,
crowns, doves, animals, trees, vases, etc. "As Soon As We Are Born Then Presently We
Cry As If We Knew We Came Into A World Of Music." Marblehead Historical Society
Peele, Nabby Mason. 1778. Boston [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 15i" x 19". "Miss Sarah Stivour's
School." Alphabet. Satin and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Floral border. At
bottom, plant, man and woman, and animals. Verses 376, 502, 503 (var.).
Essex Institute
Perkins, Lucy. 1792. Liverpool, Nova Scotia. 21^" x 24". 2 alphabets. French knot, stem,
and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Green lawn and two rose bushes. Verse 24 (1, 2,
3, 4, var.). Miss Elizabeth Perkins
Perkins, Lydia. 1774. [Norwich, Conn.] 7 yrs. [Born October 11, 1767.] 8" x 12". 2 alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch. Carnation and Grecian cross-borders. Verse 198 (lines 3, 4, 5).
Miss Anna Perkins Williams
Perkins, Lydia. 1776. [Norwich, Conn.] 8" x 19". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-
stitch. Vine, strawberry, and Greek fret cross-borders. Strawberry plant.
Miss Anna Perkins Williams
Perkins, Martha. 1773. 13" x 10". Alphabet. Cross-stitch and tent-stitch in silk and wool.
House, trees, flowers, sheep, man, and woman. Verse 490 (var.). Mrs. H. C. Hatch
Perkins, Martha. [Cir. 1799.] Nobleboro [Me.?]. Born in 1786. 8" x 10". 2 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Plain border. Ornamental embroidery. Verse 490 (var.).
Mrs. Albert G. Ropes
Perkins, Sarah. 1779. Newburyport [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 17" x 23". 2 alphabets. Eyelet,
stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Trees, rosebush, basket of flowers, lambs, parrots, bluebird,
strawberries, etc. Verse 202 (1). Miss Georgiana Augusta Currier
Perry, Alfreda Bailey. Easton [Mass.]. 16" x 6". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch in black.
Sold at Libby's Auction Rooms, Boston, March 1, 1916
Peters, Charity. 1760. 7" x 20". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Bands of cross-
stitch. Miss Grace Hewlett
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 69
Peterson, Sabah. 1792. Hartford [Conn.]. 8 yrs. Born March 20, 1784. 15" x 17". Satin
and cross-stitch. Greek border. Cornucopia with fruit and fiowers. Family names and
dates: "Daniel Peterson born 1757; Catherine Caldwell born April 4, 1761; Married
January 18, 1781. Harry Peterson born Feb. 6, 1782; Sarah Peterson born March 20, 1784;
Elizabeth Peterson born April 27, 1787; died March 12, 1788; David Peterson lost at sea,
aged 29 yrs." Mrs. Henry P. Briggs
Pettingell, Maby. [Cir. 1780.] Newburyport [Mass.]. Born April 30, 1769. 11^" x 15^".
2 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Trees, hills, baskets of
flowers, and owls. Verse 203. Miss Helen Pike
Phillips, Hannah. 1770. 13 yrs, 9" x 6". Cross-stitch. Strawberry design. Verse 1.
Mrs. Josiah Quincy
Phillips, Hannah. 1793. [Hunterdon County, N. J.] 15 yrs. 8" x 18". 2 alphabets. Out-
line, chain, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Mrs. L. W. Orover
Phillips, Margaret. 1799. [Near Wickford, R. I.] 10 yrs. 8^" x 12^". Alphabet. Cross-
stitch. Cross and vine border. Birds, trees, and bird-house. Mrs. O. W. Slocum
Pickering, Lucia. 1759. Salem [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 7^" x 15^". 4 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. 7 different cross-borders. Verses 40 (var.), 248 (1, var.).
Mrs. Frederick A. Whitwell
Pickering, Sarah. 1742. Salem [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 10^" x 14". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. Mrs. John Pickering
Pierce, Eliza. See Betsy Mansfield.
Pierce, Harriot. See Betsy Mansfield.
Pike, Nancy. 11 yrs. 9^" x 11^". Alphabet. Yellow linen. Cross-stitch.
Miss Elizabeth F. Kelly
PiLLSBURY, Eunice. 1778. 12" x 20". Satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Carnation border through
center. Adam and Eve and the Serpent, also hearts, baskets, birds, and trees. " It is good
for me to draw near unto God." Miss Caroline C. Tappan
PiNER, Elizabeth. 1776. Dover [Del.]. 12 yrs. 18" x 8i". 2 alphabets. Stem-stitch. Out-
side border in diamond pattern, and inside, one of large flowers. Cross-lines.
Mrs. Eugene du Pont
PiNNiGER, Abigail. 1730. 9|" x 16". Satin and cross-stitch. Vine and flower border. Con-
ventionalized tulip, rose, and carnation cross-borders. Large flower and vine design not
quite finished. Verses 186 (2, 3, 4), 343 (3, 4, 5, var.). Illustrated.
Rhode Island School of Design
Piper, Betsy. 1790. 13 yrs. 8i" x lOJ". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Modified
strawberry and other simple borders. A. Stain forth, Dealer
Piper, Miriam. 1784. Newburyport [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 18" x 24". 4 alphabets. French knot,
eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Trees, urns, kids, dogs, and birds. Verse 202 (1).
Miss Lucie A. Peabody
Platt, Sarah. [Cir. 1784.] Painted sampler. "Sarah Piatt Daughter of Thomas & Mary
Piatt his wife Was Born July 25 Anno Domini 1770." Picture of Sarah at bottom sur-
rounded by vines and flowers. Maxcy Applegate, Esq.
Plummer, Molly. 1793. Newbury [Mass.]. 9 yrs. Born October 6, 1784. 7^" x 10". 2 alpha-
bets. Cat and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Strawberry design.
Miss Edith D. Newman
70 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Polk, Maegahet Jane. [Before 1775.] Born Jiine 4, 1768. 8" x 21^". 2 alphabets. Eyelet,
queen, and cross-stitch. Greek fret border at top. Across center, band of strawberries
and branches of trees. At bottom, band of saw-tooth design, with little cups in spaces.
"Elizabeth Polk died on Tuesday evening at 7 o'clock in the year 1775." Verse 49.
J. Clifford Haines, M.D.
Pope, Sahah E. 1773. 11 yrs. 10^" x 13^". Tent, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Border with vine
and strawberry blossoms, buds, and berries. Cross-border of flowers, dogs, and angels.
Scene with house, fence, gate, trees, animals, birds, arbor, and high-shouldered man and
woman. Verse 360 (var.). Newport Historical Society
Poor, Judith. [1761.] Newbury [Mass.]. 10 yrs. Born October 12, 1751. 4 alphabets.
Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Trefoil border on three sides, and carnation, rosebud,
saw-tooth, and Greek fret cross-borders. Verse 490 (var.).
Potter, Sarah. 1775. Ipswich [Mass.]. 7^" x 8^". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Simple cross-
stitch border. Large candelabra in center, birds each side standing on branches; below,
sheep and grass. Mrs. William Dole
Pray, Mary. [10 yrs.?] 9^" x 13". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge and cross-
borders. Verse 128 (1, var.). A. Stainforth, Dealer
Preston, Elizabeth. 1787. 12" x 8J". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Simple border. Strawberry
cross-borders. .Family initials: "A P, E P, I P, M P, M P, I P, A S, I S, M S, I S,
M S, E S, B S, I D, I D, Z P, I P, A P, M P, P P, E P, W , I P, E P, M S, E S,
W P, E P, A S, R S, B S, I S, S D, T D, I P, R P, B S, M S, W ."
Mrs. L. D. Samson
PaiOR, Martha D. 1795. 5 yrs. 7^" x 8". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Rhode Island School of Design
Prior, Mary. 1796. [Priors Mill and Bergen, N. J.] 13 yrs. 9" x 11|". Eyelet, satin, and
cross-stitch. Strawberry and vine border. Birds, baskets, and flowers.
Miss Emm,a Post Denniston
Putnam, Hannah. [Cir. 1764.] Danvers [Mass.]. lOi" x 16". 4 alphabets. Outline, long,
cross, and other stitches. Clover border. Verse 490 (var.). Mrs. Robert Hale Bancroft
Putnam, Martha. 1797. Worcester [Mass.]. 13 yrs. 11^" x 17". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Greek cross in corners, and lozenges between in border. Small, conventional trees.
Verse 658. Miss M. C. Wheelwright
QuAiLES, Sally. 1793. 8 yrs. 8J" x 13V'. Alphabet. Eyelet, outline, cross, and hem-stitch.
Several simple motifs. Verses 126 (1), 193. Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Quash, Sarah. 1783. Charleston [S. C.]. 10" x 12". Alphabet. Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Hemstitched edge and simple cross-stitch border. Mrs. William Dunkin
R , S . 1798. 12" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Mrs. Brouwer
Ramsay, Margaret. 1789. Albany [N. Y.]. 8 yrs. 8" x 10". Cross, tent, stem, chain, split,
satin, buttonhole, and a lace-stitch. Adam and Eve, the serpent, and the Tree of Knowl-
edge below; above, a fence with flowers, and above that a cottage. Illustrated.
The New York Society of the Colonial Dames. Van Cortlandt Manor
Rand, Elizabeth Simpkins. 8" x 6". 5 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border.
Charles W. Jenks, Esq.
»ff . ••:rtefTuji?lSit?5.*-'tifiu!!»ii)r!iu
o
1^
X
^ X
ID S
3 O
^^ ■ •v."* JSfc^S^^j'
1
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 71
Rand, Lucy. 1770. [Born in 1762.] 9" x 10^". Alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry, vine,
and Greek fret borders. Verse 595. Mrs. Arthur Crittenden Smith
Rand, Maby. 1788. 11 yrs. Hi" x 15j". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch.
Borders of double strawberry, birds, baskets, carnations, crowned passant lions, etc.
Verses 22, 342. " Fear God and . . ." Charles W. Jenks, Esq.
Rand, Susanah. 1798. 13" x 19". 4 alphabets. Satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Simple
cross-border. Flower-pots, birds, strawberries, crowned lions, flowers, etc. Verse 128
(var.). Charles W. Jenks, Esq.
Randall, Fanny. 1794. Annapolis [Md.]. 9 yrs. 8" x 15". 2 alphabets. Darning and cross-
stitch. Hemstitched edge. Birds. Judge A. B. Hagner
Rawson, Clara. 1795. Warwick [Mass.]. 10" x 14". 3 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch.
Strawberry border. Branches of strawberries. Verse 128 (1, var.).
Mrs. Edgar H. Bucklin
Rawson, Hannah. [About 1799.] 16^" x 12". 3 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. Cross-
stitch border. Verse 5. Mrs. Fred A. Morse
Rawson, Hannah. [About 1799.J 12|" x 8". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Simple border.
Verse 630. Mrs. Fred A. Morse
Rayner, Elizabeth. 1789. Newburyport [Mass.]. 12 yrs. [Born March 27, 1777.] lOi" x 9".
Alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Double and triple strawberry border divided in sec-
tions. Dogs, sheep, flowers, double strawberries, and birds. Verse 372.
Mrs. R. S. Southard
Rayner, Katy. 1793. [Newburyport, Mass.] 12 yrs. [Born July 19, 1781.] 10" x 18^".
2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Dogs, cats, and strawberries. Verse 224.
Mrs. R. S. Southard
Rea, Sally. 1766. 16" x 18". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, tent, and cross-stitch. Vine and flower
border, and cross-borders of carnations and strawberries. At bottom, Adam and Eve and
Tree of Knowledge. "If women will not be inclined to seek the Information of the mind,
Believe me Sally for its true. Parrots will talk as well as you." Illustrated.
Mrs. Miles White, Jr.
Reynolds, Clarissa. 1784. 10 yrs. 8" x 9^". 3 alphabets. Chain, eyelet, and cross-stitch.
Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Rhodes, Elizabeth. 1776. 8" x 7". 3 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. Mrs. Fred A. Morse
Rhodes, Elizabeth. 1776. 7" x 5". 2 alphabets. Chain, stem, and cross-stitch. Verses 186
(1, 2), 343 (1, 3, var.). Mrs. Fred A. Morse
Rice, Fanny. 1782. Brookfield [Mass.]. 13 yrs. Born October 29, 1779. 7^" x 9i". 3 alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge, with narrow cross-stitch border. Strawberry
cross-border. Miss Frances M. Lincoln
Richards, Chloe. 1798. 13 yrs. Born December 8, 1785. 8i" x 10^". 2 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Simple border, hemstitched edge. Verse 187. Mrs. Frederick F. Thompson
Richards, Grace Ann. 1794. Verse 517. Mrs. Frederick F. Thompson
Richards, Sally. 1797. 10" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Simple border.
Mrs. H. C. Bunner
Richardson, Anstis E. 1789. 8" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cat, chain, queen, satin, and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border with roses in corners. Charles E. Ooodspeed, Esq.
72 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Richardson, Jane. 1790. 9 yrs. 17" x 21^". Punch-work and cross-stitch. Greek fret and
zigzag ciover pattern in border. Cross-borders of geometric hearts and crowns, tree with
birds, man and woman, flower vases and baskets, sailing vessel, fish, bird, etc.
The Emma B. Hodge Collection
RicHAEDsoN, Maby. 1783. Salem, Mass. 12 yrs. ["Miss Sarah Stivour's School."] 20" x
2O2". 5 alphabets. Carnation and vine border, with head of cherub in center at top. Man
and woman standing in field of flowers and grass. Verses 128, 129 (var.). Illustrated in
"Memories of Old Salem," p. 104. Mrs. Charles R. Waters
RicHAHDsoN, Maey. 1797. 7 yrs. 8" x 10". 2 alphabets. Satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch.
Hemstitched edge and Greek fret border. Large tree, birds, and strawberries.
Edmund M. Dow, Esq.
Richahdson, Sarah. 1780. 7 yrs. Born April 7, 1773. 6" x 10". 1 alphabet. Satin and
cross-stitch. Cross-stitch cross-borders. Rose spray at bottom. Verse 199.
C. E. Ooodspeed, Esq., 1917
Richmond, Rhoda M. 1795. Providence [R. I.]. 6^" x 8". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, tent, and
cross-stitch. Cross-border. Miss Alice L. Washburn
Richmond, Ruth. 1791. 12 yrs. 10" x 4". 2 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch.
Sydney R. Burleigh, Esq.
RiDOWAY, Abigail. 1795. Cross-stitch. Vine border. Conventional trees, flowers, and dogs,
also elaborate carnation and rose through the center. Verse 229.
Formerly one of the Drake Collection
RoBBiNS, Jeeusha. 1795. WiUiamstown [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 10" x 8". Alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Plain border. Verse 187 (var.). Mrs. Charles Read Banks
Robins, Ann. 1730. 12" x 16". Tent, satin, long and short, eyelet, rope, and cross-stitch.
Carnation border and cross-borders of roses, strawberries, vines, etc. Verses 67, 181 (1,
var.). Names: "Thomas Robins, Sarah Robins, Hester Chandler, John Chandler, Samuel
Robins, Ann Robins, Thomas Robins, John Robins, Sarah Robins, Rebecca Robins,
Mary Robins, Elizabeth Robins, William Robins, Jacob Robins, Mary Robins, Samuel
Robins." Illustrated. Miss Susan P. Wharton
Robins, Deborah. 1750. 10" x 13f". Alphabet. Stem, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Rose-vine
border. Pastoral scene, with shepherdess, sheep, dog, birds, flowers, and trees. Verse 92a
(var.). Mrs. Robert O. Patten
RoBsoN, Ane. 1768. 15 yrs. 6J" x 6". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek fret borders. Verse
128 (1, var.). Mrs. Gertrude Fuller Nichols
Rogers, Hannah Cutter. 1793. Portsmouth [N. H.]. 12 yrs. 12i" x 16*". 3 alphabets.
Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Trefoil and rose border at sides, scroU and satin-
stitch border at top, wide floral design at bottom. Miss Mary H. Wheeler
Rogers, Nancy. 1797. Gloucester [Mass.]. 7 yrs. [Born February 8, 1790.] 8" x 13". Alpha-
bet. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Verse 129 (var.). Miss Judith Rogers
RoYLSTON, Dorothy. 1731. 12 yrs. 7J" x 13^". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry, Greek
fret, and geometrical borders. Verse 128 (var.). Theodore P. Tower, Esq.
Rush, Agnes. 1797. 4 yrs. 3^" x 16". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Simple cross-stitch dividing
lines. Mrs. Fred W. Smith
Russell, Abigail. 1782. Very small. Cross-stitch. Only letters on it besides name.
Miss Betty Russell
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 73
Russell, Elizabeth. 1719. Marblehead [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 6^" x 7^". 3 alphabets. Eyelet
and cross-stitch. 9 different cross-borders. Tree, plants, and squirrels.
Mrs. Frederick A. Whitwell
Russell, Mary. 8" x 10". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Very plain sampler.
Belonged to Delano Estate and sold at Libby's, Boston, March 1, 1916
Russell, Maey. 1784. Alphabet. Petit-point, stem, eyelet, French knot, satin, and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. Hunting and milking scene. Very interesting.
The Emma B. Hodge Collection
Russell, Tabby. [Cir. 1789.] Born September, 1779. 19" x 20". 5 alphabets. Laid and punch-
work and cross-stitch. 3 borders, outside point, black punch-work, vine of conventional-
ized rose leaves and Greek fret. Trees, fruit, squirrels, birds, butterflies, turtle, ducks,
deer, cow, flowers, etc. Verse undecipherable. Miss Harriet D. Perkins
Sackett, Sally. [Cir. 1796.] Long Island. Born April 21, 1786. 10^" x 17". Cross-stitch.
Vine border on three sides. Medley of flowers, baskets, and birds. Verse 65. "Stephen
Sacket born May 23, 1752; Eunice Lovering Born December 28, 1748; Married Nob 25,
1776. Stepn Sacket jr born Aug 7, 1777; Eunice Sacket born April 25, 1779; Hannah
Sacket born Aug 7, 1781; Sally Sacket born April 21, 1786; Daniel Sact born Sept. 23,
1790." Mrs. Henry Eugene Coe
Saltonstall, Anna. 1799. Haverhill [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 14^" x 16". 4 alphabets. Eyelet,
stem, and cross-stitch. Rose-vine border. Grass, tree, and shrub. Verse 101.
The Misses Ward
Sandborn, Elizabeth Dearborn. 1786. Meredith Bridge [now Laconia, N. H.]. Born Octo-
ber 18, 1773. 17" X 22". 3 alphabets. Stem, flat, cat, satin, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched
edge and trefoil border across top. Verse 182 (1). Mrs. Arthur F. Titus
Sanderson, Hannah. 1789. 15" x 18". 2 alphabets. Long and short, satin, and cross-stitch.
Double border of carnations and scrolls. Cherry tree and strawberry bushes.
The Emma B. Hodge Collection
Sanderson, Sibbyl. 11" x 7i". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge and simple border.
A. Stainforth, Dealer
Sanford, Bathsheba. 1783. Medway [Mass.]. 12 yrs. [Born February 14, 1771.] 8" x 9".
Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Simple border. Mrs. Lyndon Sanford Macy
Sanford, Sarah. 1786. 20" x 18". Long and short, stem, and cross-stitch. Elaborate rose
and strawberry border. Shepherd and shepherdess and black slave under a tree. Bees,
birds, animals, and flowers fill in spaces. Verse 363. Mrs. Maynadiere Browne
Saunders, Sarah. 1789. [Salem.] Born March 6, 1779. 9" x 13^". Alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Verses 44, 138. Mrs. H. A. Everett
Saunders, Sarah Donna Leonora. I62" x 16". Cross-stitch. Border of strawberry leaves.
Picture of William and Mary College, Virginia, in center. Initials: "S B M, LAM,
MLS, LAP, E J N, C N P, PAR, AC, FAB, M C H, E L B, C A M." These
are probably the initials of friends and embroidered by them. Also the names: "John S.
Mary Saunders." Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Savage, Jane. 1747. 12 yrs. Born January 5, 1735. 9\" x 16^". Tent, chain, and cross-stitch.
Dogs and flowers in top border. Verse 190. The Emma B. Hodge Collection
Sawyer, Betsey-. 1798. "Born August 24, 1785." 13" x 16". 4 alphabets. Cross, chain, stem,
and flat-stitch. Trefoil and saw-tooth borders. Carnation cross-border. Tree, parrot,
woman, vase of flowers, and birds. Verse 669a.
74 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Scott, Betsy. 1793. Very large. Map of England and Wales, showing counties. Wreath of
flowers in upper right-hand corner, with name, etc. Work done in chain, satin, and cross-
stitch. Mrs. E. L. E. Wood
Scott, Euzabeth. 1741. Newport, R. I. 5 yrs. 8" x 10". Cross, satin, and back-stitch. Vine
border. Verse 342 (var.). Also "Lord give me wisdom to direct my ways."
Mrs. Emma J. De Blots
Searing, Bath-sheba. 1766. Dighton, Mass. 9 yrs. lOi" x 15i". 3 alphabets. Tent, stem,
cross, and cat-stitch. Border of conventionalized strawberries and flowers. Brick house,
tree, gate, bird, etc. Verse 128 (1, var.), and another illegible. Arthur F. Wastcoat, Esq.
Seahs, Hitty [Mehitable]. 1798. Dennis [Mass. Born October 21, 1788.]. 8i" x lOi".
3 alphabets. Star and cross-stitch. Strawberry-vine border and hemstitched edge. Verse
490 (var.). "This work above my needle wrought
May I reflect my life is short." Mrs. B. F. Oraham
Seaver, Mary G. 1709. 14 yrs. 7|" x 8". Alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch. Plain border.
Rose design in stem-stitch. Mrs. E. Morgan
Shanahan, Margaret. 3 alphabets. Petit-point, tapestry, stem, and cross-stitch. Border in
tapestry-stitch, with diamond pattern at top and marigolds on sides. House and flower-
pots. Verse 367a. Illustrated in "Memories of Old Salem," p. 104
Shahpless, Eliza. 1797. Philadelphia [Pa. 8 yrs.]. 9^" x 10^". Eyelet, chain, satin, and
cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Family initials: "J S, I S, E S, J S, E S, T S, J S,
M S." Houses, baskets of flowers, plants, terraced lawn, trees, bushes, dogs, and conven-
tionalized strawberry plant. The Misses Penniman
Sharpuess, Emily. 1796. Philadelphia [Pa.]. 9 yrs. 22^" x 21^". Satin and cross-stitch.
Conventional vine border. Houses, terraced grass, trees, men, women, dogs, rabbits, birds,
butterflies, conventionalized strawberry plant, etc. The Misses Penniman
Shaw, Mary. 1754. 8" x 12". 5 alphabets. Flat, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Vine with flowers
across top. Heart. Miss Beulah A. Saunders
Shaw, Priscilla. 1771. Plymouth [Mass.]. 13 yrs. Born January 11, 1758. 7^" x 10".
Alphabet. Stem and cross-stitch. Borders of rose, carnation, and strawberry designs.
"Remember thy Creator," etc. Mrs. J. B. Shurtleff, Jr.
Sheafe, Hetty. 1773. Portsmouth [N. H.]. 13 yrs. 11" x 20". Four alphabets. Eyelet,
stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched border. 16 border designs.
Miss Lois Sheafe Joslyn
Sheffield, Elizabeth. 1784. Born July 20, 1771. 10" x 14". 2 alphabets. Petit-point and
cross-stitch. Border of roses, vine, and birds. Man and woman on each side of a house.
Cross-borders of strawberries, and below, birds, dogs, and trees.
Koopman's, Boston, for sale February, 1919
Sherburne, Sarah. [Cir. 1761.] Born March 27, 1748. 6 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Simple cross-borders. Verse 490 (var.). Mrs. Charles S. Hamlin
Sherman, Margaret. [1770.] Jericho [L. I.]. 7|" x llf". Alphabets. Cross-stitch. Very
meager design. Mrs. Henry McAllister, Jr.
Shirlay, Ann. 1776. 10" x 8". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Mrs. Arthur O. Beals
Shoemaker. See also Stevenson.
Silsbee, Content P. 20" x 17". 12 yrs. Full-blown rose design in border.
Sold at Walpole Galleries, New York, June 29, 1917
^.
eFGHIKLBnOPqRSTVWXY:
X*
'3:
o»-»erfi; ilnd Aoiet -
^t
'^?JS
'4S>, '\
4^- ..
I W**.';:.^
Orace Welfh Mer Ss^mPlar 0'7.-^t '1%'^
-c-^
^\.^..
PLATE XXV
Grace Welsh's Sampler. 1774
The Emma B. Hodrje Collection
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 75
SiMPKiNs, Mary. 1757. 12 yrs. 11^" x 16^". 2 alphabets. Satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch.
Double strawberry border, also carnation and single strawberry. "Fear God and Love
Him." Verses 202, 342, 350, 496. Charles W. Jenks, Esq.
SiMPKixs, SusANAH. 1745. 13 yrs. 8^" x 13|". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch.
Borders of carnation, strawberry, double and single, and tulip designs. Crowned lions,
baskets, birds, etc. Charles W. Jenks, Esq.
Simpson, Anke. [Cir. 1735.] Boston [Mass. Born 1720.]. 8" x 7". 4 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Greek fret, strawberry, and conventional borders. Verse 128 (1, 2).
3Iiss Margaret C. Wyman
SiMPsox, Margaret. 1755. Born in 1743. 8" x 22". 4 alphabets. Tapestry, stem, and cross-
stitch. Narrow hem. Tapestry design in diamond-shaped figures. Verse 589.
Mrs. James Tuckerman
Simpson, Mart. 1725. Boston [Mass. Born October 18, 1714.], 8^" x 18". 2 alphabets.
Eyelet and cross-stitch. Borders of scroll and strawberry designs. Verse 128 (var.).
Mrs. Mary W. Nichols
SiNNiCKSON, Mary. 1794. Salem [N. J.]. Born August 27, 1781. 10" x 12^". 4 alphabets.
Eyelet and cross-stitch. Narrow cross-border at each end. Line of flowers.
Estate of Maria H. Eakin
Sum, Marian. 1780. [Chester Township, Burlington County, N. J. 11 yrs.] 8f" x 9^".
1 alphabet. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Simple border. Initials of father and mother:
"PS, C S." [Her parents were Holland "Redemptioners."] Mr. Charles Lippincott
Smith, ■ . After 1797. Sutton [Mass.]. "Born March 11, 1778." "Born Dec. 24, 1797."
Names given: "Samuel Smith, Sally Smith." 3 alphabets. ISJ" x 10". Cross-stitch.
Border in chain design. W. G. Bowdoin, Esq.
Smith, Abigail. 1755. Fairhaven [Mass.]. 12 yrs. Born June 21, 1743. 7|" x 7f". 2 alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch. Simple border. Miss Mary F. Gill
SsriTH, Ann. 1787. 23" x 22". Map of Europe done in chain and cross-stitch. Festoon at top,
bows, cord, and tassel in center, with conventional tulips and small flowers festooned from
bow. Small flowers and leaves in lower corners. Miss F. M. Kerr
Smith, Cathahine. 1798. Born in 1788. [Chester, Orange County, N, Y.] 16^" x 12^".
Alphabet. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Simple border. "Make the study of the Sacred
Scriptures your daily Practice and principal Concern and Embrace the Doctrines contained
in them, as the real Oracles of God and the Dictates of . . ." Mrs. George 8. Hamlin
Smith, Elizabeth. 1794. Plainfield [Conn.]. 44" x 7". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Plain,
double cross-stitch border. Mrs. Albert Babcock
Smith, Esther. 1798. 14 yrs. 17" x 9". 3 alphabets. Chain, stem, and cross-stitch.
Miss Alzada Sprague
Smith, Loann. 1785. 13 yrs. Born September 27, 1772. 12" x 15". 2 alphabets. Satin and
cross-stitch. Border at sides of vine and flowers; at top. University Hall at Brown, with
figures of man and woman, trees and animals; at bottom. Old State House, with woman,
animals, etc. Verse 95 (2). Illustrated. Rhode Island School of Design
Smith, Lucy. 1794. 12J" x 12V'. 9 alphabets. Eyelet, buttonhole, and cross-stitch. Vine
and flower border. Elaborate conventional carnations, strawberries, roses, and vines.
Verse 518. Miss Lucy Dennis Holme
76 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Smith, Maey. "17014". 6 yrs. 8^" x 21". Double alphabet. Chain, tent, and cross-stitch.
Conventional cross-borders. Verse 128 (1, var.). Mrs. Charles M. Morse
Smith, Maky. 1782. [Rowley, Mass.] 16 yrs. 16" x 18". 3 alphabets. Stem, satin, flat,
eyelet, and cross-stitch. Border of flowers, leaves, birds, vases, buds, or berries. Flower
design. Miss Caroline M. Bumham
Smith, Mahy. 1783. [Salem County, N. J.] 13" x 13". Satin, chain, and French knot.
Whole sampler is in drawn-work and fine embroidery. Basket filled with flowers in center.
Open-work and embroidered circles in lower corners, with gathered ribbon around them.
Fine hemstitched border. Mrs. Ella Maria Hamilton
Smith, Polly. 1794. Salem [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 12i" x 16f". 2 alphabets. Satin, chain, eyelet,
tent, and cross-stitch. Border of vine and roses. Farm scene. Verse 129 (var.).
Miss M. Lizzie Bray
Smith, Sally. Salem [Mass.]. 17" x 17". 2 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch. Border at top
of carnations; at sides, vine with small flowers; in corners, bunches of lily-of-the-valley.
Large flower-pot, with rose bush in full bloom. Mrs. John Pickering
Smith, Saeah. 1794. Newburyport [Mass.]. 11 yrs. Born November 13, 1788. 20" x 20".
Alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Carnation, rose, and other flowers in
border. Landscape, with trees, birds, cow, and sheep. Verse 601 (1, 2, var.).
The Emma B. Hodge Collection,
Smith, Tabitha. 1713. Smithtown [L. I.]. 9 yrs. 9" x lOJ". 4 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Hemstitched edge. Cross-borders. Verse 180. Mrs. Charles E. Sherman
Snow, Lucy. 1796. 8 yrs. 5" x 12". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Cross-
borders. Verse 660. Charlotte M. Smith
SotiDEB, Sarah Anx. [Cir. 1775. Born in 1760.] 12^" x 18". 5 alphabets. Eyelet, cat, and
cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Verse 135. Mrs. H. C. Jones
Spechet, Leonora Louisa. 1798. 13" x 17". Map of England. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Spenceb, Phebe. 1763. 14 yrs. 11" x 12". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Simple border. Vine
cross-border. Verse 68. The Misses Chadsey
Spooneh, Hannah. 1785. 10 yrs. 7^" x 12^". 1 alphabet. Eyelet, cross, and two variations
of buttonhole-stitch. Vine and flower border. Verses 41 (var.), 191, 620.
W. M. Cooper, Esq.
Spooneb, Sabah. 1781. 11 yrs. 12" x 12^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 345 (var.).
Mrs. Sydney B. Burleigh
Spbague, Polly. 1798. Petersham [Mass.]. 15 yrs. 8" x 6^". 5 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Simple border. Cocks standing on trees, two sets of two pulling worms apart.
Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Staats, Mahgabet. 1795. [Staats Homestead, Bound Brook, N. J.] 14 yrs. 8" x 11". 1 alpha-
bet. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Border representing a fence with garden gate. At
bottom, trees and baskets of flowers. "Remember thy Creator," etc.
Eugene DuBois La Tourette, Esq.
Staats, Phebe. 1788. 13 yrs. 8" x 11". 2 alphabets. Eugene DuBois La Tourette, Esq.
Staeb, Maegabet. 1795. 11" x 14". Parts of alphabets. Tent and cross-stitch. Roman border
with acorns. Pine trees, birds, dogs, and vase of flowers. Name "Wm. Cox" worked in
with design. Verse 132 (1, var.). Miss Julia L. Muirheid
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 77
Stebbins, Caroline. 1798. 9 yrs. 7i" x 13". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border.
Casual arrangement of animals, birds, flowers, baskets, etc., grouped about a long me-
dallion bordered with hearts. Museum of Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association
Stebbins, Eunice. [Cir. 1787.] Springfield [Mass.]. Born January 14, 1775. 8*" x 22i".
2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Names and dates on sampler: "Daniel
born April 2, 1766. Festus born March 5, 1768, Eunice born April 5, 1770, died August 27,
1771, Quartus born November 21, 1772, Eunice born July 14, 1775, Lois born March 31,
1777." Verse 128, unfinished. Mrs. Frederick N. Conner
Stehett, Mary. 1783. Baltimore [Md.]. 11 yrs. 15" x 9". Cross-stitch. Strawberry and
vine border. Verses 612, 613, 614. Miss Mary Sterett Oittings
Stevens, Henrietta. 1788. [Talbot County, Md.] 12 yrs. Born August 14, 1776. 16" x 20".
Cross-stitch and other stitches. Four different cross-border designs. "A Silent and loving
woman is a gift of the Lord." Verses 70, 223. Edwin J. Stevens, Esq.
{ Mary \
Stevenson, J Martha v
( Harriet i
Shoemaker, Sarah. 1794. 13" x 18". 2 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Strawberry
and vine border, with roses in the four corners. Large urn in center, with roses; also
strawberry vines, pine trees, cats, birds, etc. Verses 378, 381. 2Irs. Harriet S. Earl
Stocker, Lydia. 1798. 12 yrs. 17" x 16". 1 alphabet. Split, chain, stem, and cross-stitch.
Wide and elaborate border, with flowers, butterflies, birds, etc. Scene with house, tree,
deer, man, and woman. Verse 73. Illustrated in color. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Stokes, Martha. 1799. Boston [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 16" x 21". 5 alphabets. Satin and stem-
stitch. Vine border. Scene with Colonial house, tile walk, six flower-beds, fence, trees,
diamond, heart, and birds, also English crowns. Verse 601 (1, 2, 3, var.).
Mrs. Nellie Wightman Nason
Stone, Mary Lightboubne. 1790. Charleston [S. C.]. 12^" x 18". 4 alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Cross-design in border, doubled at top. Cross-borders in scroll design.
Miss Anna Bell Bruns
Stoodley, Mary. 1753. Portsmouth [N. H.]. 11 yrs. 16" x 22". 7 alphabets. Satin and
cross-stitch. Strawberry design. The Lord's Prayer. Miss Mary L. Oilman
Stoodley, Mary. [1753.] Portsmouth [N. H.]. 11 yrs. 20" x 22". 2 alphabets. Eyelet,
satin, and cross-stitch. Floral design. The Lord's Prayer. Miss Mary L. Oilman
Storer, Hannah. 1747. Groton [Mass.]. 8 yrs. llf" x 15". Alphabet. Eyelet, satin, and
cross-stitch. Elaborate border, with roses and leaves. Two spies bearing the grapes of
Eschol, two green trees, trefoil border, and other borders. Verses 65 (var.), 248 (1, var.).
Massachusetts Historical Society
Strobridge, Anne. 1764. Middleboro [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 8" x 104". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Saw-tooth border at top. Verse 128 (var.). Unfinished. Miss Harriet A. Barstow
Sthudibo, Ann. 1734. Charleston [S. C.]. 8i" x 16^". 2 alphabets. Petit-point, stem, satin,
cat, and cross-stitch. Conventional border at top and cross-borders at bottom in Greek
fret, trefoil, tree, and strawberry designs. Verse 128 (var.). Mrs. John F. Bennett
SuMMERiLL, Mary. 1788. [Upper Penns Neck, Salem County, N. J.] 16 yrs. 10^" x 15^".
3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Plain border. Urns, crowns, and heart.
David C. Helton, M.D.
78 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
SuTTOx, Ann. 1T89. 17 yrs, 11^" x 17V'. 4 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Dividing
lines in cross-stitch. Miss Hannah A. Sheppard
SwAix, Maegaret. 1754. 8" x 15". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Family initials and dates:
"MS Born ye 5 day of 4 month 1745 O S
T S Born ye 3 day of month N S
A S Born the day of 12 month 1749
L S Born ye 13 day of ye 6 month 1752
P S Died the 9 day of May in the yar 1754."
Verses 343 (1, var.), 585. Rhode Island School of Design
Swan, Roth. 1785. Leicester [Mass.]. lO^" x 7". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Cross-borders
in geometrical design. Verse 14 (var.). Mrs. John A. Sweetser
SwEETSEE, Polly. [After 1776.] "Born at Lynn, in the County of Essex, State of Mass."
7f" X 17§". 3 alphabets. Flat, tent, stem, outline, and cross-stitch. Simple cross-stitch
border. Verse 494. Miss Harriet E. Cummings
Symonds, LrcY. 1796. Boxford [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 21^" x 24*". 2 alphabets. Stem and cross-
stitch. Border of vine and flowers on three sides. Five hills ; on middle one, large vase of
flowers, two trees on the next, baskets on remaining two, from which a vine covered with
assorted flowers springs and continues as a border around the sampler. Verses 141, 653.
Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Tage [probably Montague], Saeah. 1794. Philadelphia [Pa.]. 18^" x 22". Satin-stitch.
Landscape with man and woman and title, "Belville and Rosina." Mrs. Mary C. Cooley
Talbot, Maey. 1796. Providence [R. I.]. 14" x 16". ["Miss Polly Balch's School."] Eyelet,
chain, tent, queen, satin, and cross-stitch. Border at sides, rose vine, and at bottom,
strawberry. Scene with State House, Providence, lambs, birds, figures of man and woman.
Verse 630 (var.). Miss Helen H. Greene
Talman, Kezia. 1788. 14 yrs. 11" x 13". [New Jersey.] Double alphabet. Stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Floral border. Verse 343 (1, var.). Mrs. S. A. Cunningham
Tappan [or Toppan], Mabtha. [Cir. 1721. Newbury, Mass. Born 1710.] 8" x 10*". 2 alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Miss Charlotte M. Smith
Tatnall, Ann. 1786. 12 yrs. 12 J" x 17". Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Carnation border,
with strawberries in four corners. Cross-borders of strawberry, rose, elaborate vine with
blossoms, and saw-tooth designs. Verses 132 (1, var.), 204, 344 (var.), 510. Names of
paternal and maternal grandparents: "Edward Tatnall, Betty Tatnall, James Lea,
Margaret Lea." Names of parents and children: "Joseph Tatnall, Elizabeth Tatnall;
Sarah, Margaret, Elizabeth, Edward, Ann, Joseph, Esther, Edward, Thomas; Thomas Lea,
Joseph Lea." Name of teacher: "Mary Askew." Illustrated. Henry M. Canby, Esq.
Tatnall, Elizabeth. 1755. Wihnington [Del.]. 11 yrs. 11" x 16". Stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Border a combination of vine, strawberry, and Greek cross in corners. Two large
carnations. Verses 132 (1, var.), 181, (1, var.), 192, 590. Initials of father, mother,
3 sisters, and brother: "E T, E T, M T, AT, J T, I T." Mrs. Alter Megear
Tatum, Sybil. 1788. Woodbury [N. J.]. 26" x 26". Satin and cross-stitch. Thirty-three
large bunches of flowers. Miss Sybil T. Jones
Tatloe, Alice. 1798. 10" x 8". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Verse 390. Mrs. William A. Spicer
Taylor, Eliza. [Cir. 1796. Born in New York, July 14, 1786.] 12V' x 16". 2 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Conventional cross-lines in simple designs. Initials on
PLATE XXVI
Abigail Mears's Sampler. 1772
Owned by Mrs. Henri/ E. Coe
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 79
sampler: "IT, M T [John Taylor and Margaret Taylor, father and mother]; E, M T,
1ST, I B T, AT, IT, R L T, ST [brothers and sisters]." Verse 652.
Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Taylor, Isabel. 1794. [2 Liberty St., New York City.] 8 yrs. 19" x 23". Alphabet. Cross-
stitch. 6 cross-borders in different patterns. Birds, beast, trees, and heart. Verse 92.
Mrs. George Thacher
Tayloh, Mary. 1740, 12 yrs. 9" x 16". 2 alphabets. Tulip border with minor borders.
Elaborate cross-borders. Verses 184, 489 (2, 3). Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Teacle, Rachel BracKHEAD. 1798. 11^" x 12^", 2 alphabets. Punch-work, queen and cross-
stitch. Bits of fret-work and geometric patterns. "The higher character a person suports
the more he should regard his minutest action." Mrs. James Fortescue Giffen
Tenny, Sarah. 1794. 16 yrs. 12V' x 16^". 4 alphabets. Bird's-eye, satin, and cross-stitch.
Strawberries and sheep. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Thayer, Charlotte, 3^" x 4", 1 alphabet. Fine cross-stitch. Design of various figures.
Lancaster Public Library
Thomas, Mercy. 1797. Plymouth [Mass.]. 8 yrs. Alphabet, Cross-stitch, Carnation border
at top. Mrs. J. B. Shurtlef, Jr.
Thojias, Phiscilla, [1795.] 7 yrs. Born in Plymouth [Mass.], August 23, 1788. 7^" x Si".
Alphabet. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge, with rose, carnation, and
strawberry border. Carnation design, Mrs. J. B. Shurtlef, Jr.
Thompson, Isabella. 1771. 14 yrs. 19" x 22*", 5 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch.
Strawberry border. 3 green hills covered with sheep, and trees set between the hills, also
various birds. Verse 202 (1, var.). Miss Mary C. Wheelwright
Thompson, Isabella. 1797. See Mary Wheatley.
Thompson, Mary. 1749, 10 yrs, 8^" x 12". 2 alphabets. Petit-point, tapestry, tent, and
cross-stitch. 7 cross-borders. Mrs. Theodore Yates
Thomson, Margaret. 1793. 12" x 18". 4 alphabets. Buttonhole, stem, eyelet, and cross-stitch.
Border, Basket of flowers, crowns, and tree at bottom. Miss Alice Morton
Thornton, Ann, 1798, 9 yrs, 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch, Strawberry border. Carnation,
rose, and conventional cross-borders. At bottom, very uneven ground with trees, large
and small, animals, butterflies, birds, and detached baskets of flowers. Verse 389.
Mrs. Henry Eugene Coe
Thurber, Sally. 1799. Born May 13, 1791. 11^" x 12*". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Simple
border. Fir tree in each lower corner. Verse 4 (var.). Mrs. Richard Greene Davis
Thurston, Mehitable. 1795. Born October 5, 1782, at Newbury [Mass.]. 17" x 21". 3 alpha-
bets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Carnation, rose, lily, and vine border. Vase of flowers
on each side a hill topped by a tree, also bees, bird, goat, lamb, and dog. Verse 25.
Mrs. Maria S. P. Hwrn-phreys
Thwing, Sarah. 1771. Boston [Mass.]. 12 yrs. [Born in Boston, June 12, 1759.] 7" x 14".
3 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, and cross-stitch. Strawberry and Greek fret borders. Vine
design. Verse 185. Mrs. Joseph M. Bright
TiLDEN, Joanna. 1762. 8|" x 14". 2 alphabets. AU kinds of stitches used. Sampler divided
into seven sections. At bottom, 9 green mounds in three rows, with strawberries and
strawberry blossoms growing among them. Mrs. Louise J. Home
80 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
TippiT, Bettt. 1774. 18 yrs. 6' x 10". Crewel, satin, and cross-stitch. Designs of ferns and
flowers. The lettering is all in cross-stitch along the top, the foliage in sections reaching
up toward it. Verse 128, Mrs. J. A. Noble, Dealer, 1917
Titus, Polly. 1797. 8" x 17". Alphabets. Cross, eyelet, and hem-stitch. Few cross-stitch
designs and a tree. Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Todd, Sabah L. 8 yrs. Hi" x 7f". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Saw-tooth
border in cross-stitch, and cross-borders in eyelet and satin-stitch. Green wreath and two
baskets of flowers. A. Stainforth, Dealer
ToMLiif, Drtisila. 1793. 8i" x 18". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, tent, and cross-stitch. Cross-stitch
border at top and sides, and tent-stitch border at bottom. /, Cliford Haines, M.D.
ToMsox, Lucy. 1787. 11 yrs. 7" x 8". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Mrs. C. M. Eddy
ToppAN^, Mary. 1762. 12 yrs. Born June 26, 1750. Newbury [Mass.]. 9" x 12", 2 alphabets.
Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Greek-fret border across top; triangles of flat-stitch out-
lined in cross-stitch. Elaborate design in center. "Goodness and Mercy ever follow those
that . . ." Newbury fort Historical Society
ToppAK, Sahah. 1756. Newbury [Mass.]. Born May 16, 1740. 14" x 20". 3 alphabets. Stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Greek fret, trefoil, and 3rd border on sides and top, also Greek
fret cross-borders. At bottom, apple tree, two deer, two rabbits, two bumblebees, two
eagles, and Scotch thistle in each upper corner. "Trust in God at all times."
Mrs. Charles H. Atkinson
Tow2s'SEND, Haxnah. 1794. 11 yrs. 14" x 17". 1 alphabet. Tapestry, satin, cross-stitch, and
hemstitch. Hemstitched edge, with conventional triple strawberry and Greek fret border.
Inside frame of saw-tooth and strawberry design, and several different cross-borders.
Scene with house and two trees, topped by large birds. Verse 519. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
TowNSEND, Lydia. [Cir. 1750.1 Oyster Bay [L. I.], 7^" x 10". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Simple cross-stitch border, with hemstitched edge. Greek border through middles, and
two primitive-looking rods with vines on each side. Mrs. Henry M. Allister, Jr.
Toy [or Tay], Grace. [Cir. 1717. Born in Woburn, May 18, 1704.] 7" x 36". 2 alphabets.
Back, cross, and close rope-stitch, also darned and lace-stitch. Sampler consists of cross-
bands done in various lace stitches and many different conventionalized flower and vine
designs. Illustrated. Mrs. N. A. Prentiss
Traill, Mary. 1791. [Marblehead, Mass.] 10 yrs. 12J" x 161". Satin, stem, chain, outline,
and cross-stitch. 2 scenes at top, man with rake, man with wife and child, each holding
a parasol, and man with cow; below, pastoral scene with trees, house, birds, sheep, shep-
herd, and shepherdess. Illustrated. Mrs. Fletcher Hodges
Trecothick, Hannah. 1738. Boston [Mass. 10 yrs.]. 8^" x 18". Chiefly cross-stitch.
Conventional cross-borders in Greek fret, vine, strawberry, and medley of baskets, hearts,
birds in cages, etc. At bottom, figures of animals, birds, conventional trees, and flowers.
In center of top border, a crown, with initials G R. Lord's Prayer and Apostles' Creed
in cross-stitch frames. Verse 128 (var.). Illustrated. Miss Jane E. C. Chapman
Tripp, Eijzabeth. 1765. Providence, R. I. 12 yrs. Born December 20, 1753. 12" x 8". 3 al-
phabets. Flat, tent, stem, petit-point, chain, and cross-stitch. Miss Jessie Tripp
Troup, Sarah. 1738. 8 yrs. 9" x 11|". 4 alphabets. Cross-borders with crowns, etc. Vases
of flowers. Verse 186. Mrs. J. C. Eraser
■•■c^»?«;.i'-
.tT
It"
PLATE XXVII
Betsy Adams's Sampler. Quincy. 1773
Owned by Mrs. Henry E. Coe
«as^.-
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 81
Thumbuli,, Faitht. 1781. Lebanon [Conn.]. 12 yrs. 8i" x 16^". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Verse 367. Miss Henrietta W. Hubbard
T[rumbui.l], M[artha]. 1775. [Said to have belonged to Martha Trumbull of Connecticut.]
5" X 7". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Bliss Arabia C. Harris
Teton, Catherine. 1794. Lebanon Springs [N. Y.]. 12 yrs. 11^" x 9V'. 2 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Conventional border in geometrical designs. Mrs. Albert E. Smith
Tufts, Susanna. 1789. [Charlestown.] 9 yrs. Born in Charlestown, Mass., December 8, 1780.
8^" X 9|". 2 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Simple border. Verse 617 (var.).
Miss Edith Johnson
Turner, Irene. 1799. 8 yrs. 8" x 11". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge, with
border of points in cross-stitch. Small tree with birds and other figures. Mrs. W. S. Rich
Turner, Polly. 1786. Born February 15, 1775, at Warren [R. I.]. Wrought August 12, 1785,
at Providence. Long and short, tent, satin, stem, queen, and cross-stitch. Floral border
rising out of vases in lower corners, with birds flying about at top. In each lower corner,
small inset, sheep and shepherdess in one, and sheep and shepherd in the other. In center.
President's house, Brown University, and ladies and gentlemen going to the reception.
Verse 624. ["Miss Polly Balch's School."] Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Tuttle, Rebecca. 1785. Brattleboro [Vt.]. 8* yrs. 11" x 16*". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, satin,
and cross-stitch. Hearts and lozenges. Verse 618 (unfinished). [Linen spun by the
maker.] Mrs. Charles E. Reed
TuxBURY, Lydia. 1797. Born November 23, 1787. 8i" x 8^". 1 alphabet. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Landscape with two human figures and a very black goat, and an urn in the middle.
Strawberries and initials "L. T." at the top. Verse 236. W. O. Bowdoin, Esq.
Tyler, Deborah. 1756. 9 yrs. 8" x 20^". 4 alphabets. Laid, herring-bone, catch, cross, and
other stitches. Fine hem. Cross-borders in chain, Greek fret, vine, pyramid, cube, and
diamond designs. Sampler worked in cross-strips, each section divided by different stitches.
Verse 193. Mrs. Alpheus H. Hardy
Tyler, Hannah. 1753. Boston [Mass.]. 12 yrs. About 23" x 10*". 3 alphabets. Flat, eye-
let, French knot, stem, satin, chain, and cross-stitch. Adam and Eve in Garden of Eden,
surrounded by animals and flowers. Henry Preston Kendall, Esq., and others
Tyler, Lydia. 1797. Methuen [Mass.]. 10 yrs. Born June 25, 1787. 18^" x 11^". 3i rows
of capital letters. Cross-stitch. "This work I wrought when at School to Miss Sally Flint
in the Year 1797." Charles H. Tyler, Esq.
Underwood, Mary. 1777. Jamestown [R. I.]. 12 yrs. 10" x 15". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Vine border. Trees, butterflies, etc., near center. Verse 490 (var.).
Miss Edna D. Hammond
Unknown. 10" x 8". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Cross-stitch border at top.
Mrs. Robert Bean
Unknown. Washington, D. C. 17" x 27". 7 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Festoon border.
Strawberry vine and baskets of berries at bottom. N. H. McRoberts, Esq.
Unknown. 1704. 8" x 19". Double alphabet. 5 borders across sampler, with three figures,
2 men and a woman, repeated. 2 borders below and a dog. Francis H. Bigelow, Esq.
Unknown. 1708. 3 alphabets and letters, M E L B E I W L C E, in very florid and com-
plicated forms. Same on both sides. . Miss Henrietta Paige
82 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Unknown. 1720. [Sampler came from the Sharpless family, but bears no name.] 8" x 18".
5 alphabets and part of a sixth. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Cross-borders at top in
horizontal designs, used for making card cases, needlebooks, etc. A bird, flower, and dish
on lower half of sampler, which appears to l)e unfinished. F. P. Sharjjfess. Esq.
Unknown. 1722. [Probably Marblehead.] 7" x 7". Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Saw-tooth
border, with corners filled in solid. Blackbird with large tail, perched on vine of green
leaves and blue blossoms. Mrs. B. F. Stacey
Unknown. '35 [1735], March 18th. [This sampler was handed down to the present owner
among papers dating as far back as 1649.] 14 yrs. 11" x 17i". 3 alphabets. Herring-bone,
eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Design in center, large blossoms of
wild rose and strawberry. At bottom, basket of fruit, dogs on each side, large cedar tree
and 2 small cedars, deer with horns, lying on his legs in an upright pose.
Mrs. Anne Pritchett Richardson
Unknown. 1778. 15" x 15". Cross-stitch. Strawberry border; also crown with cup. Flower-
pot, roses, and animals. Verse 342. Mrs. T. Harrison Garrett
Unknown. 1775. 17J" x 16". Cross-stitch and satin-stitch. Large tree with spreading
branches, with leaves and fruit bearing all sorts of names; cow under tree and Christ
standing in front of trunk. Verses from Revelation. Illustrated, Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Unknown. [Cir. 1780. Sampler came from Springfield, Mass.] 12" x 12". 3 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Simple border. Saw-tooth design at bottom. Names and dates on sampler:
"Phoebe, Born April 7, 1751
Lew bor feb. 23,
17.53
Zebbo Au 29,
1755
Cal bor Jan 29,
1758
Lo. bo. Au 31 1760
L. 27 1763
T Au 29 1765
W Jan 24 1768
M Feb 2 1771"
Mrs. Richard Jones
Unknown. 1790. 9" x 11". 2 alphabets. Bird's-eye and cross-stitch. Conventional carnation
border. Basket of fruit, birds, strawberries growing from pot, etc. [unfinished].
Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Unknown. 1790. 8^" x lOi". 2 alphabets. Queen and cross-stitch. Carnation cross-border.
Pot of strawberries and birds pecking at a basket of fruit. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Unknown. [Cir. 1790.] 16" x 16V'. Alphabet. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Floral border.
Man, woman, animals, and birds. Verse 214. Mrs. George A. Plimpton
Unknown. 75" x 12". 3 alphabets. Flat, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border.
Verse 536. Pennsylvania Museum, Memorial Hall, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia
LTnknown. [Cir. 1799.] 18" x li". Alphabet. Petit-point, satin, and cross-stitch. Cross-
borders. Adam and Eve in the Garden. Verse 529. Miss Caroline Franklin
Unknown. Many different designs done in lace stitches on net. Illustrated.
Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Unknown. Cross-stitch. 3 alphabets. Simple cross-stitch border. Two little houses and
trees. Verse 622. Unfinished. From Machias, Me.
Unknown. A sampler of darned lace on net. Illustrated. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 83
Unknown. ["Katherin Mury"? Early 18th Century in design.] 1 alphabet. Satin, eyelet,
chain, tapestry, flat, stem, back, buttonhole, two-sided line-stitch, queen, and rope-stitch.
At bottom, a row of drawn-work filet containing the name. Mrs. William Cabell Brown
Unknown. [Early 18th Century.] Upper half, white embroidery, including lace squares;
lower half, lace designs and drawn-work. Flat, two-sided line-stitch, and raised button-
hole stitch. Mrs. William Cabell Brown
Van Buken, Elizabeth. 1785. New York. 12 yrs. Born August 30, 1773, at New York.
8" X 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Small pine tree at bottom. Verse
41 (var.). [Each word separated by single cross-stitch.] Mrs. G. H. Buek
Van Forhies, Sarah. [Cir. 1742. Blawanburgh, Somerset County, N. J.] Born February 4,
1731. 8" X 11". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Zigzag border. Man, woman, trees, birds, house,
and geometric figures. Initials: [father and mother] "C. v. F. A. v. F." [Children]
"A. V. F.; M. V. F.; D. v. F.; K. v. F.; S. v. F.; C. v. F.; A. v. F." Mrs. A.F. Albertson
Van Maater, Catherine. 1765. [Monmouth County, N. J.] Born April 5, 1756. 7" x 8".
Alphabet. Satin and cross-stitch. Vine border, wider at top and bottom. Birds and trees.
Names: "Daniel Van Maater [father], Mary Covenhoven [mother], Catherine, Sarah,
Gilbert, Micah, Nelly" [children]. Miss Mary Voorhees
V[an] S[chaick], C[atherine]. 1763. [Albany, N. Y.] "Out 10." 7V' x H". Buttonhole
and cross-stitch. Conventional border of strawberries and baskets. House, two fowl, two
signs, and many small objects not nameable. Illustrated. The late Mrs. Abraham Lansing
Vehien, Elizabeth. 1716. [Boston, Mass. 12 yrs.] Born April 16, 1704. 7f" x 18". 4 al-
phabets. Eyelet, outline, cross-stitch, and one other stitch. Borders run across between
the alphabets in rather simple conventional designs, fret, vine, and carnation. 5 conven-
tional cross-borders like those mentioned above. Mrs. Charles Knowles Bolton
ViCKERT, Ann. 1755. Taunton [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 10" x 11". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Cross-
stitch border in black. Verse 620. Miss Harriet A. Barstow
ViCKERY, Sally CuLET. 1787. Taunton [Mass.]. 7 yrs. 10" x 14". 8 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Simple border. Verse 128 (var.). Miss Harriet A. Barstow
Vila, Eliza. 1799. Belmont [Mass.]. 16V' x 21". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch, satin, stem,
eyelet, chain, French knot, tent, and punch-work. Border, conventionalized leaf and flower
done in punch-work and cross-stitch. Basket of flowers. Verse 669.
Mrs. H. Mortim,er Watson
ViNAL, Sophia. [Cir. 1799.] Born at Scituate [Mass.], June 30, 1788. 16^" x 20i". 3 alpha-
bets. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Vine border, with bunches of roses, bluebells,
and carnations. Sprays of strawberries. Greek cross-border. Verses 242, 663.
Mrs. Lewis Nichols Curtis
VosE, LEMrEL. [Cir. 1774.] Born July 20, 1763. 9" x 10^". Parts of alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Minor border. Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
VosE, Naomi. 1781. Milton. The Misses Vose
AVade, Frances. 1798. Savannah [Ga.]. 16 yrs. 17" x 20". Stem and cross-stitch. Sampler
represents the Western Hemisphere. In upper right-hand corner are the outlines of
Europe and Africa; in upper left-hand corner is a compass and spray of flowers; in lower
left-hand corner, wreath of flowers with words, "North and South America"; and in
lower right-hand corner, wreath with name of maker and date. Illustrated.
Miss Fannie Bleecker Seaman
84 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Wadsworth, Abigail. 1730. Hartford [Conn.]. 12 yrs. lOJ" x 13". 3 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Simple border. Verse 515 (var.). Mrs. Robert A. Wadsworth
Wager, Margaret. 1794. Philadelphia [Pa.]. 8 yrs. 10^" x 15". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, satin,
and cross-stitch. Cross and strawberry border. Strawberry design at bottom.
Mrs. Margaret Wager Austin
Waixe, Mary. 1795. 12 yrs. Lazy-daisy, split, cat, French knot, chain, satin, and cross-stitch.
Vine border with roses, peonies, and other flowers. At top, houses, trees, stag, bush, and
bird upside down ; at bottom, horse, cow, sheep, also huge bird on a tree, vase with flowers,
man with a dog, and woman with a chained bird under a flowering arbor. Verse 92 (2,
var.). Francis H. Bigelow, Esq.
Wakefield, Deliveraxce. 1757. 10" x 12". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Garden design. Verse
128 (1, var.). Mrs. Sybil H. Friedley
Wallas, Susannah. 1785. [Boston, Mass.] Born in 1773. 10^" x 11*". Alphabet. Chain,
stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Across center, 3 small shrubs, 2 large
birds. Miss Gertrude Whiting
Waring, Dorothy. 1774. Charleston [S. C.]. 5 yrs. 8J" x 11". Cross-stitch. Simple border.
Verse 362. Miss Leila Waring
Warner, Ltjcy. 1785. Middletown [Conn.]. 11 yrs. 17" x 16". 2 alphabets. Satin, stem,
chain, French knot, queen, tent, and cross-stitch. Vine border with carnations, roses, and
small flowers. Bird in each upper corner. Countrj'^ scene with house, barn, fence, well,
horse, trees, grass, and road. Verse 363 (1). Illustrated. Mrs. Clarence Weart
Warren, Polly. 1798. Northborough [Mass.]. 12" x I25". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. Pine tree design. Verse 94. Mrs. John P. Reynolds
Waterman, Phebe. 1760. Cross-stitch. Unfinished. Mrs. Lorenzo Sears
Watson, Lucy. 1791. Marblehead [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 12" x 15". Alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Trefoil border. Sheep and small trees. Verse 98. George M. Cushing, Esq.
Watson, Nancy. [1755.] 8^" x 8". 1 alphabet. Cross and flat-stitch. Verse 248 (1, var.).
Clarence A. Mathewson, Esq.
Watts, Jane. 1776. 12" x 16". 1 alphabet. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Quatrefoil and tulip
border, and cross-borders of tulips, strawberries, and quatrefoil. At bottom, two large
blossoming plants in pots, and mound in center with 5 strawberry plants. Medallion with
name and date. Verses 66 (1, var.), 608. Mrs. Frederick F. Thompson
Wattson, Elizabeth. 1795. [Philadelphia, Pa.] 11 yrs. lOf" x 12^". 2 alphabets. Stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Vine border with roses, tulips, and carnations. Small spray of
flowers. Verse 382. Mrs. Victor B. Woolley
Wear, Ann. [Cir. 1792.] Norfold [Va.]. Born in 1782. 8i" x 13". 4 alphabets. Eyelet,
cat, and cross-stitch. Cross-border. House. Miss Ellen Coppuck Curtis
Weaver, Mary. 1770. 7" x 9". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Plain border. Design of carna-
tions and tulips. Newport Historical Society
Webb, Mary. 1760. [York, Pa.] 13 yrs. 16" x 17". Tent, satin, and cross-stitch. Carnation
and vine border, with tulips in each corner. Inner border in chain design. Sampler
divided into 9 squares, with sprays of dififerent flowers in center and four corners, and
verses in remaining four. Illustrated. Verses 351, 353, 354, 592.
Mrs. Samuel C. Rumford
PLATE XXVIII
Sampler by ax Uxkxowx Girl. 1775
Owned by Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 85
Weeks, Hanxah. [1787.] Greenland [N. H.]. 9 yrs. [Born in 1778.] li" x 12". Alphabet
and parts of others. Satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge, with trefoil and
geometrical designs in border at bottom. Verse 490 (var.). Misn Hannah Bartlett Rollins
Weeks, Hannah. [1787.] Greenland [N, H.]. 9 yrs. 6" x 8". Alphabet. Hemstitched.
Satin and cross-stitch. Geometrical designs at the bottom. Miss Hannah Bartlett Rollins
Welch, Dorcas. 1751. Boston [Mass.]. 7i" x 17". Cross-stitch. Elaborate border. Verse
490 (var.). F. C. Welch, Esq.
Weld, H[ermioxe]. 1775. [Boston, Mass.] 9i" x 12". 1 alphabet. Stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Vine and floral border on three sides. Large conventionalized flower, birds, and
small trees in cross-border in center ; also scroll and small floral cross-borders. At bottom,
grass, trees, farmer with pole, sheep, and cows; flowers growing in grass.
Robert Tracy Jackson, Esq.
Weld, Sabah. 1774. Roxbury [Mass.]. 8i" x 11". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched
edge. Cross-border of trees and birds at bottom. Verse 490 (var.).
Mrs. Harrison F. Hunt
Welsh, Grace. 1774. 17" x 24". 1 alphabet. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Elaborate
floral border. Scene with trees, hills, deer being chased bj' dogs, bird of paradise, butter-
fly, and small birds. Verse 605. Illustrated. The Emma B. Hodge Collection
Welsh, Mary. [Cir. 1770.] 12 yrs. 15" x 21". 1 alphabet. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. Strawberry and Greek fret cross-borders. Elaborate pastoral
scene, with trees, house, birds, animals, man, and woman. Verse 188. Mrs. N. A. Prentiss
Wetherell, Sally. 1795. 11 yrs. 17" x 8". 3 alphabets. Stem, eyelet, and cross-stitch.
Border of leaves and circles. "H.W. dj'ed February 21. in the year 1794 aged 5 years-
6 months." Rev. Glenn Tilley Morse
{
Wheatley, Mahy. 1760.
Thompson, Isabella. 1797. Alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Conventional border, in
squares. Vase in center at bottom, with a duck on each side. Above Isabella's name,
a basket, purple grapes, flowers, and a crown. Below Mary's name, design mentioned
above. Verse 497. Miss Alice Morton
Whipple, Abby'. 1796. 12 yrs. 8" x 11". 3 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch.
Mrs. H. W. Bradford
Whitacar, Sarah Leake. 1791. [Cumberland County, N. J.] 10 yrs. Born November 1,
1781. 10^" X 12". Cross-stitch. Border, double line of cross-stitch, with genealogical data
between. Names on sampler: "Recompence and Martha Leake [mother's father and
mother] ; N. M. Whitacar [father's father and mother, Nathaniel and Mary] ; Ambrose
and Rachel Whitacar [father and mother]." Design in center, 2 carnations, 1 tulip, and
little trees, with border of vine and strawberries. Verses 132 (1, var.), 220, 221, 634.
The Misses Van Meter
White, Ruth. 1765. Newburyport [Mass.]. Born in 1755. 7" x 10". Alphabets. Eyelet,
satin, and cross-stitch. Cross-stitch border. "Remember I was born to die."
Miss Oeorgiana Augusta Currier
White, Ruth. 1774. Weston [Mass.]. 13 yrs. 12" x 10". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, queen, and
cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Simple dividing lines in cross-stitch. Verse 198 (var.).
Rev. Olenn Tilley Mor-te
86 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
White, Salla [SAiAii]. 1787. [Born in 1778, at Longmeadow, Mass.] 8^" x 7i". Alphabet.
Cross-stitch and various fancy stitches. Simple cross-stitch border. At bottom, oblong
shapes, squares, and triangles. "Salla White her sampler worked by her own hand at
Mrs. Horton's Sc. A.D. 1787." The Misses Edith and Ruth White
White, Sally. 1797. Pembroke [Mass.]. 8 yrs. Born July 13, 1789. 6" x 12". 2 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Simple border, Mrs. Louis B. Howe
White, Sally. 1795, Portsmouth [N. H.]. 11 yrs, \2\" x 14". 4 alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Vine border. Two baskets of flowers, with elaborate flower design between
them. Miss Hannah M. W. Merrill
White, Sibel, 8^" x 7f". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Plain saw-tooth border in
cross-stitch and satin-stitch, A. Stainforth, Dealer
White, Sophhoxia. Lexington [Mass.], 9 yrs. 10" x 12". 1 alphabet. Border of leaves,
A. Stainforth, Dealer
Whiting, Abigail, 1784. 5" x 71", Alphabet. Simple cross-stitch border.
Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Whitixg, Abigail. 1787. Wrentham [Mass.]. 19 yrs, 13" x 13". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Vine border. Verses 246, 490 (var.). Miss Annie Sanford Head
Whitjiax, Jane. 1756. 10 yrs. 12" x 9". Alphabet. Flat, satin, chain, French knot, and
cross-stitch. Mrs. George E. Miller
Whitmoee, Susax. [1799. Providence, R. I.] 15^" x 14J". Satin and stem-stitch. House
and basket of fruit. [Probably from "Miss Polly Balch's School."] George L. Minor, Esq.
Whitney, Hannah. 1795. Lunenburg [Mass.]. 8" x 10". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Simple
border. Conventional roses and small flowers. Verse 132 (1, var.). C. E. Goodspeed, Esq.
Whitney, Patty. 1796. Boston [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 18" x 18", Alphabets. Satin, chain, and
cross-stitch. Border, a series of Greek urns, with flowers in corners. Small flowers grow-
ing out of three green moimds, with large roses between the mounds, at bottom. Verse 651,
Pauline Emmons Tappan Brown
Whitney, Sckey. 1794. Beverly [Mass.], 9 yrs. 12" x 8". Alphabets, Cross-stitch, Cross-
border, Verse 643, Mrs. Charles Whitney Haddock
Whittemore, Olive, 1797, Sharon [Mass.], Born February 27, 1784, 14" x 18". 3 alphabets.
Stem and cross-stitch. Strawberry border, with Greek cross in two upper corners. House,
trees, and shrubs at bottom. Verse 129 (var.). Mrs. Frederick N. Prescott
Wicks, Elizabeth. March 6. 15 yrs. 12^" x 12|". Cross and satin-stitch. Vine border.
"Tree of Life" in the center, with four small baskets of flowers, birds, etc. "Be zealous
to" . . , William B. Thayer Memorial Collection, University of Kansas
WiGGiN, Maby, 1797. New Market [N. H.]. 22" x 18". 3 alphabets. Tent, satin, and cross-
stitch. Conventional border on three sides. At bottom, two apple trees with fruit, con-
ventional rose tree in vase, and two green hills with three lambs at foot of each. Verse 657.
Mrs. Ernest Lovering
Wiggins, Hannah. 1730. 12 yrs. 16i" x 16i", Eyelet, stem, satin, tent, queen, outline, cat,
tapestry, and cross-stitch. Cross-borders in various designs of conventional flowers, crowns,
crosses, urns, etc. "Ames Wiggins Hannah Wiggin." Verses 182 (1), 343 (1, var.), 493,
683. "Remember thy Creator," etc., and other sayings now undecipherable.
Miss Kate S. Harris
PLATE XXIX
Fraxces Brextox's Sampler. Newport, R. I. 1775
Mrs. ThomdS A. Lawton
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 87
Wilder, Martha. 1794. Lancaster [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 9" x 17". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin,
and cross-stitch. Irregular border, with small crosses on sides and scroll at bottom. Small
trees and fancy squares. Verse 639 (var.). "Favour is deceitful and beauty is vain, but
a woman that feareth the Lord, she shall be praised." Mrs. Edward H. Kelly
Wildes, Elisey [Elizabeth. Cir. 1777. Danvers or Topsfield.] Born in 1767. 8" x 15".
5 alphabets. Cross-stitch. 3Irs. Samuel Hammond
Wilkinson, Hannah. 1747. Smithfield [R. I.]. Born February 1, 1733. 7" x 7". Alphabet.
Cross-stitch. Miss Alice A. Razee
WiLLARD, Elizabeth. [Before 1799.] 8" x 17". Alphabet. Satin and cross-stitch. Cross-
border at bottom. Verse 128 (var.). Lancaster Public Library
Willahd, Sophronia. [Cir. 1785.] Still River [Mass.]. 12 yrs. Born in 1774. 8V' x 16".
Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Verses 183 (1, 3), 187 (var.), 490 (var.).
Lancaster Public Library
WiLLES, Roxalana. 1783. Sampler in shape of the Liberty Bell. Cross-stitch. 2 alphabets
and single letters. Illustrated. Rev. Glenn Tilley Morse
Williams, Abigail. 1740. [Deerfield, Mass.] 10 yrs. 5i" x 16^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Cross-borders in various designs, carnations, trees, squares, etc. At bottom, baskets of
fruit, tree, and two crowned lions. Verses 128 (var.), 185. "Favour IS Deceitful And
Beauty is Vaine But A Woman That Feareth The Lord She Shall Be Praised."
Museum, of the Pocumtuck Valley Mem,orial Association
Williams, Desier. 1754. 10" x 155 ". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, knotted, and cross-stitch. Elab-
orate pattern of conventional flowers, two birds, etc. Cross-border of vine and flowers.
Verse 349. "Let not mercy and truth forsake thee. Bind them about thj' neck. Write
them upon the tables of my heart." Mrs. Frederick Danforth
Williams, Hannah. 1783. 9^" x 12V'. 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Simple border.
At top, Noah's Ark, trees alternating with urns filled with flowers.
Mrs. Samuel A. Cunningham
Williamson, Anna. 1788. Albany [N. Y.]. 12V' x 131". 5 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Straw-
berry border. "John Williams, Marry Williams, Anna Williams."
Mrs. Frederick F. Thompson
Wilson, Eliza. 1791. "Concord, County Rockingham" [N. H.]. 7" x 12^". 2 alphabets.
Petit-point, stem, chain, eyelet, cross-stitch, and hemstitch. Simple cross-borders. 3 con-
ventional plants at bottom. Verse 132 (1, var.). Mrs. Arthur Williams
Wing, Anne. 1739. Boston [Mass.]. 13 yrs. 7" x 11". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Strawberry
border, with strawberry in middle of sides and corners and rest of leaves. Conventional
flowers, sheep, birds, trees, etc. Verses 8 (var.), 187 (var.), 490 (var.).
Museum, of Fine Arts, Boston
Wing, Content. 1770. Smithfield. 5" x 13". 3 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch.
Dr. Eugene P. King
Wingate, Mary. [Cir. 1719.] Hampton [N. H.]. Born June 7, 1708. 8" x 15|". 2 alphabets.
Animals and birds. Mrs. Frederick A. Whitwell
Winsor, Nancy. 1786. Providence [R. I. "Miss PoUy Balch's School."]. 14" x 14". Stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Carnation border. Ship in center, between two points of land.
Verse 69. Illustrated in color. Mrs. John H. Mason
88 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
WiKTEH, Haknah. 1796. Tamworth [N. H.]. Border, wreath of vines and flowers. "The
noblest employment of the mind of Man, is the study of the works of the Creator. To him
whom the science of nature delighteth, every object bringeth a proof of his GoD. Every
thing that prayeth it giveth cause of adoration." Rutherford L. Coerr, Esq.
Wire, Euza. [Cir. 1800. Philadelphia.] 8" x- 8". In each upper corner, basket of fruit,
strawberries, house, lawn, trees, rose bushes, and bird. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
WisTEE, Sahah. 1773. Cross-stitch. Carnation border, with cross-borders of carnations, straw-
berries, and tulips. Verses 342, 361. Pennsylvania Museum
Witt, Sallv. 1786. Lynn [Mass, Made at "Miss Sarah Stivour's School".]. 14 yrs. 16" x 17".
Alphabet. French knot, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Elaborate border of flowers, with
birds, arbor, trees, and figures of a man and woman. Verse 129 (var.). Illustrated in
color. Mrs. Charles Pearson Coker
Wood, Anna. 1795. Uxbridge [Mass.]. 7" x 8i". Alphabets. Cross-stitch. "C [Cynthia]
Wood." H. W. Erving, Esq.
Wood, Dolly. 1796. 10 yrs. 10^" x 7i". 2 alphabets. Satin, outline, tent, French knot, hem-
stitch, and cross-stitch. Trees and flowers. Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Wood, Lydia. 1793. 11 yrs. 14" x 18". 2 alphabets. Single and cross-stitch. Floral border.
Birds and basket full of flowers. Verse 640. Mrs. Francis Blake
Wood, Mahy. 1784. Roxbury [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 10^" x 7i". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Con-
ventional cross-borders. Verse 490 (var.). Christ Church Parish House, Cambridge, Mass.
WooDBRmoE, Mahy Giljian. 1779. Salem [Mass. Made at "Miss Sarah Stivour's School".].
9 yrs. 16" x 20". Alphabet. Satin, stem, and cross-stitch. Wide border with flowers on
either side; arbor, birds, and basket of fruit at top; tree, man and woman, and sheep at
bottom. Verse 503 (var.). Frank R. Dow, Esq.
Woodmax, Appha. 1787. 14 yrs. [Born May 2, 1773, at Sanbornton, N. H.] 18" x 20".
3 alphabets. French knot, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Border made up of flower, tree,
bird, and strawberry designs. Vine, strawberry, and Greek fret cross-borders. Illustrated.
Miss Anne B. Hamilton
Woodkutt, Mary. 1740. Salem [N. J.]. 13 yrs. 7f" x lOi", Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Mrs. Henry J. Irick
Woodnut, Sarah. 1792. Salem [N. J.]. 14" x 16". 3 alphabets. Seed, eyelet, stem, satin,
and cross-stitch. Border, vine with flowers intersecting, passion flowers, roses, and tulips.
In center, spray of roses, 2 birds with branch of cherries in their mouths, and 2 butterflies.
Verse 374. Mrs. I. Oak ford Acton
Woodruff, Elizabeth. 1786. [Born at Princeton, N. J., May 10, 1779.] 8" x 13". 2 alpha-
bets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry, tulip, fret, and rosebud cross-borders;
at bottom, two trees. Verse 207. Mrs. John J. Stubbs
Woodwell, Alice. 1760. Newburyport [Mass.]. Born December 16, 1746. 8^" x 8". Done
in crewels. Mrs. George B. Pettingell
Woodwell, Hannah. [Cir. 1754.] Newburjport [Mass.]. Born October 3, 1742. 9" x 6".
Cross-stitch. Cross-border of vine and flowers. Names on sampler: "Gideon and Hannah
Woodwell [father and mother]." Mrs. George B. Pettingell
Weay, Elizaetta. 1767. 14 yrs. 9^" x 13". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verses 93, 134, 196.
Mrs. George A. Plimpton
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 89
Wright, Azubah. 1772. 12 yrs. 7" x 9". 5 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Simple border.
Mrs. Lucy Wadsworth Leavenworth
Wyatt, Sahah. 1742. [Salem County, N. J.] 9 yrs. Born Jirne 8, 1733. 12^" x 21f". Flat,
outline, queen, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Greek cross border and cross-borders. A
band of tape, one inch wide, with tiny stitches overcast all around. Upper center, gorgeous
conventionalized flowers. Initials and names on sampler: "I T H, IT, ST, DT, ET, DT,
IT, SR, IS, SS, RS, ES, EE, IS, DS, ES, KS; bartholomew wyatt, sarah wyatt,
Joseph tomlinson, elizabeth tomlinson [grandparents] ; bartholomew wyatt, elizabeth
wyatt [father and mother]; robert smith, elizabeth smith; John ann richason, ephraim s
tomlinson, Joseph 1 tomlinson, John mary tomlinson; william r tomlinson, ebenezer e tom-
linson, othmel richard tomlinson, edward margret batton; samuel mary sharp C E H,
bartholomew wyatt, ITITETMTSTITMTL T." Verses 344 (var.), 345 (var.),
346a, 585 (var.), 586 (1), 587. Miss Hannah Carpenter Reeve
Wymax, Issac. 1796. Charlestown [Mass.]. 16^" x 17-^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek
border. Miss Mary J. Maguire
Wyman, Rhoda. 1708. Bedford [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 9i" x 16*". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
House and tree. Verse 490 (var.). Miss Mary J. Maguire
Wymax, Sab ATT Augusta. 1792. Ashby [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 10" x 12". 2 alphabets. French
knot, stem, and cross-stitch. 2 geometric and strawberry borders. Fruit tree with bird
on it, also bowl of fruit. Verse 514. Mrs. Sidney Harris
Yeomans, Maey. 1790. 16" x 12". Two birds at top; figures of man and woman at bottom.
Miss Harriet L. Sheldon
Zaxe, Maey. 1798. Born October 6, 1778. 18" x 17". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, flat, and cross-
stitch. Border, vine and carnations all around, with rose corners. Vine and various other
designs at bottom. Family names and dates: "The ages of the Children of William Zane
and Sarah and Alice his wives:
"WiUiam Zane was Born The 6th of the 3 month 1765
Sarah Zane was Born The 21 of the 10 month 1767
Martha Zane was Born The 7 of the 2 month 1770
Jane Zane was Born The 2 of the 9 month 1776
Mary Zane was Born The 6 of the 10 month 1778
Ester Zane was Born The 29 of the 4 month 1780
Alice Zane was Born The 17 of the 11 month 1781
Rebecca Zane was Born the 15 of the 6 month 1783"
Verses 132 (1, var.), 343 (1, var.). "Fear God and Kep his Commands".
Miss Helen Botsford Clark
NINETEENTH CENTURY SAMPLERS
IN looking over a large number of American samplers, we find the
dates between 1800 and 1810 occurring with such frequency that
we begin to realize that when embroidery revived with the other
arts of peace after the Revolution, it was considered high time to show
the mother country that our daughters could produce specimens of
fine needlework which were not merely copies of old designs.
In the preceding centuries, when England was producing her most
beautiful work, life in the Colonies had been too hard and too serious
to allow of much attention to the gentle arts except in rare cases, and
the few samplers produced at that time were generally direct copies
of English models. But with the opening j'-ears of the nineteenth
century, our independence and originality were shown by the branch-
ing out on quite different lines ; and if, at times, we find these early
conceptions a trifle crude, it must be remembered that these samplers
may not be judged as critically as those of a more mature civilization.
Indeed, even in the nineteenth century, Colonial life was no bed of
roses. The old Pryor Mill, in Bergen County, New Jersey, the birth-
place of the little sampler maker, Sarah Van Home, 1827, was run
by tidewater, and we are told that her father often had to arise in the
middle of the night to grind the grain.
In England, the early nineteenth century brought a type of
sampler not highly esteemed by English collectors. The specimens
abound in small figures and objects not well adapted to needlework,
especially when worked in the ubiquitous cross-stitch, and contrast
unfavorably with the wonderful samplers of an earlier day, so rich
in beautiful designs adapted from all that was best in the patterns
brought from Italy and elsewhere. The funny little houses and figures,
neat and tidy, but so evidently copied from pattern books, seem trivial
compared to the fine, early embroideries, though there is nothing to
criticize in the quality of stitchery exhibited. It is wonderfully fine —
90
X
— ^
>^ It
«
o
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 91
we do not like to let our minds dwell on the fearful strain to those
young eyes !
It was just the reverse with the American sampler of the same
period. Those whose interest is centered entirely on the fine stitchery
done on delicate fabrics will find comparatively little to admire, for
although fine work does exist, it is, however, not a general character-
istic. Such critics should learn to view these youthful efforts from a
completely different standpoint, appreciating the handicaps under
which they were made, watching the development of the design which
reflected the life of that day, and thus getting at the spirit and true
character of the American work; or else they would do well to con-
fine themselves to the study of the better regulated sampler of the
English schools. It is important to realize the conditions and influ-
ences that made the English and American samplers of the nineteenth
century so unlike. For one thing, pattern books were exceedingly
scarce on this side of the Atlantic, and although the practice of mak-
ing samplers in schools grew with the years, many children lived in
remote villages far aw^ay from such advantages, and were forced to
draw on their own surroundings for inspiration. Aid in composing
the design must have been frequently sought from older friends or
members of the family, and as they were not past masters in the art
of drawing, it led to many amusing inaccuracies in perspective and
proportion. For instance, notice Rebecca Slim's gigantic mouse, 1830.
He would have had great difficulty in squeezing through the door of
her little house.
Another difficulty lay in the materials available, which did not lend
themselves especially well to very fine work, much of the linen being
of a coarse, loose weave, with threads that were apt to pull together
awkwardly when cross-stitch was used. Occasionally a child was
lucky enough to procure fine muslin or tiffany for a groundwork;
the latter lends a peculiar lightness and richness to the background,
the colors stand out well upon it, but unfortunately it cracks and
disintegrates easily. The silk, much of it home-dyed, must have been
originally in a very thick twist, which had to be unraveled before being
92 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
used, for this is the only way we can account for the crinkly floss
we see so often in the embroidery of the flowers, lawns, animals, and
figures, as well as in the backgrounds, and which lends itself particu-
larly well to the petals of the flowers worked in satin or split-stitch.
But when it comes to embroidering a church, where the stitches extend
the entire distance from the steeple to the ground without a break, the
result is fragile, and such a piece of work should be preserved under
glass. Silk of this variety is practically never seen in foreign em-
broideries. It is different from the floss used occasionally on the
English samplers, and is quite peculiar to our country. The kink is
very close and not a general wave, and was probably considered
pleasing in its effect. If it was a product of China and Japan, and
brought home by the old American sea captains, it is strange that the
English captains did not do likewise. Why were they less thoughtful
of their families' needs?
Usually the designs were drawn directly on the linen with pen or
pencil, but sometimes the back of a sampler shows, by the bits of paper
still sticking to it, that the outline was drawn on thin paper and placed
under the linen, the design showing through, and the paper being torn
away after the embroidery was finished. The sampler of Julia Ann
Hoffner, where a vivid green bird is to be seen enjoying a meal of
scarlet berries growing on an oak, was worked in this way.
From time immemorial, stitchery has been found a difficult medium
for the portrayal of the human face. Undoubtedly even the mature
embroiderers of the seventeenth century gave sighs of relief as they
traced the last eyebrow or curved the final smile on the placid face
of the king or queen in their needlework pictures. How much more
difficult the problem for the American sampler maker, usually a little
girl under twelve years of age! When the canvas was small and the
figures so tiny that a black cross-stitch could stand for each eye and
a long stitch for the mouth, they could cope with the difficulty; but
in the larger and more ambitious scenes, where ladies reclined under
a tree or stood in front of a sylvan altar, it was a different matter.
It was felt that these pictured people should wear the bland, almost
PLATE XXXI
ROCKSALAXA WlLLEs's SAMPLER. 1783
Owned by the Rev. Glenn Tilley Morse
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 93
simpering expression considered "comme il faut" for females of the
period, and so the custom arose of helping out the embroidered design
by painting the face and hands.
Wilamina Rine, 1813, and Mary Hamilton, 1812 (Plate xlviii),
used watercolor, which possibly gave a satisfactory effect at the time,
but their tints have become somewhat faint with the lapse of years;
perhaps the tiffany or fine muslin of their samplers would not allow
of any other method. Clarissa and Sophia Emerson (Plate xlix),
who may have been sisters or relatives, since their work is similar in
style and date, used oil paint on the heavy linen, but the effect is a
little hard. Laura Bowker (Plate 1), 1817, showed a good deal of
ingenuity in painting a face for her shepherdess, for she cut it out of
paper and pasted it on the linen, and she did the same with some lambs
made of kid, and added richness to her cedar trees by embroidering
them in chenille. Ann E. Kelly (Plate xcvii), 1825, gives an ethereal
look to her damsel, devoutly offering a sacrifice on an altar, by insert-
ing the painted face under the thin muslin. The effect is very good;
in fact, this is the most successful of all these experiments. In other
cases the distant view is helped out by paint, as in the Loring family
record, or in the reflection in the w^ater which we see in Lucy Stickney's
sampler (Plate li), 1830, showing the house and trees on Charles-
town Neck, near Boston. A most realistic effect was sometimes given
by applying small squares of mica to represent glass in the windows
of houses, the frames being indicated by criss-cross threads, but this
idea was borrow^ed from our English cousins. So we find that our
ancestresses evolved ideas of their own for surmounting difficulties,
though the paint and other extra touches may not have been applied
by the same hands that worked the samplers.
In some sections of the coimtry, quaint old ribbons were used as
borders, making a neat and pretty edge. Sometimes two ribbons of
different widths and contrasting colors were elaborately quilled, one
on top of the other, with rosettes at the corners. Again, loops of the
embroidery silk were sewed on in clusters, making tufts or rosettes
as a further embellishment. Elizabeth Funk (Plate lii), 1813, uses
94 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
a narrow lute-string ribbon, gathered and shaded darker at the
bottom, giving a pretty effect. The custom of using quilled ribbon
as an edging was much in vogue among the German sampler makers,
and the name of Funk suggests Pennsylvania Dutch parentage,
although the sampler is thoroughh^ — rather peculiarly — American in
design. Elizabeth evidently wished to make the date symmetrical,
so, regardless of accuracy, she embroidered the 3 backward in order
to make it balance with the 8.
Some of the floral wreaths encircling the verses and names of the
less elaborate samplers are very pretty and graceful, as in Sophia
Catherine Bier's work (Plate liii), 1810, and one does not regret
the absence of the more ambitious scenes. In this same category is
one made by Sophia Lamborn (Plate liv), whose design is very
similar to those used in the lamp-wick embroidery or tufted bedspreads
of that day ; perhaps she may have appropriated the pattern from her
mother's bed linen.
There is no doubt that the practice of making samplers ran in
families. In one case, five successive generations embroidered them,
the first dating back to 1750, and the fifth a production of the last
decade.
Most of the examples of the nineteenth century were made by
rather young children, the average age being eleven, though some poor
tots mark theirs as having been made at a much earlier age, even as
young as six or seven. On the other hand, many girls put off the task
until they were almost groTvu. But, on the whole, we think of them
as a product of youth, and it comes as a distinct surprise to find
Hannah Crafts, at the ripe age of sixty, embroidering a rather elab-
orate sampler, with a picture of her own home at the bottom labeled,
" Sweet Home, the dearest spot on earth to me." Her heart probably
reverted to the days of her youth, when samplers were even more
prevalent, and she doubtless reproduced those she remembered, instead
of copying the work of the young people about her. She started to
cover the canvas like tapestrj^ but failing eyesight or some other ill
prevented its completion, for this was years ago — before the era of
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 95
giddy grandmothers, when a woman of sixty was considered old and
was often crippled with rheumatism.
The girls' names appearing on the samplers are a study in them-
selves, and very different from those now in vogue. Submit Weyman,
Remember Emmerton, Electe Phillips are reminiscent of Puritan
daj^s. Achsa Clark, Asenath Holman, Keturah INIoore, Tamson
JNIulford are Bible names. Philadelphia Webb suggests a connection
with the Quaker city; Lovey and Nabby (the latter occurring rather
frequently) are probably nicknames; Britannia Holbrook proclaims
her English parentage. But where did Amersha Arnold, Lucinthia
Cone, Emirancy Howe, Roxa Tainter, Anzolette Hassan, Oceana
Harris, Freelove Turner, Waite Phetteplace, and, most sonorous of
all, Amorena D. T. Roberts, acquire their names? One wonders if in
large families the stock of names became exhausted and the parents
were obliged to draw on their imaginations. In the Field family
register, the mother's maiden name was Miss Piana Petty. On a
sampler dated 1827, we find the following statement:
"Brooksania Waters is my name
Milford is my station
Milford is my place abode
And Christ is my Salvation."
Another delightful name is Parley Bates, who in 1811 made a
record, with one of the pretty, bright red berry-like borders that were
popular in the vicinity of Providence; the berries done in a sort of
coarse and effective cat-stitch. Parley's twin brother's name was
Nahum, and we come across other men's names that are strange to our
ears, such as Mickel Trufry and Friend Collens.
A great many fanciful ways are used for inscribing samplers, the
American child not being constant to the expression "Wrought by,"
so in vogue in Great Britain. Sarah Baker, 1811, uses the expression
"marked her sampler"; Anna Brown says, "This I did in the year
1824"; Ruth Davis's sampler, 1817, was "performed in her eleventh
year" — she was evidently a motherless child, as her verse runs:
"This work I did to let you see
What care my Papy took of me."
96 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
One finds the expression, "Lydia Barcalow's sampler work"; also,
"This completed." A sad, little faded specimen was begun by Mary
Dealy, 1806, who died before its completion, a friend evidently finish-
ing it for her, and adding this inscription :
" She was a blessing here below
The only child of a widow
Subscribed by Sally Parker."
One very human inscription, showing that sampler makers did not
always consider their tasks entirely congenial, is found on Patty Polk's
work. She states: "Patty Polk did this and she hated every stitch
she did in it. She loves to read much more." After all, the youngsters
of those times were probably, at heart, pretty much as they are now,
only terribly repressed, and this inscription opens a more intimate door
than we usually happen upon. She has the letters G. W. inscribed
on a tomb in the distance, and as the embroidery was done about 1800,
these letters undoubtedly stood for the Father of our Country.
Occasionally we find the word "Exampler"; sometimes short
didactic axioms are throA^n in, such as "Imitate the Best"; "Sweet
is the Counsel of a Friend"; "May Liberty, Peace, and Prosperity
ever prevail in America".
A pleasing verse and one of the few that bears a sentiment most
admirable for modern as well as bygone days, barring its spelling,
is found on Ariadne Hackney's sampler made at Mercer, Virginia:
"Believe not each aspersing tongue
As most week persons do
But still believe the story wrong
Which ought not to be true."
But this is venturing too far into the realm of the verses, and must be
left for another chapter.
Elizabeth, the daughter of Captain Peter Harwood, sea captain
and Revolutionary soldier, combines many unusual features on her
sampler. The central part is a register, in which she makes use of
rather unusual phraseology. She adds after her parents' names:
"They married Jan. 22nd, 1787,
He hath by her eleven children, viz: — "
PLATE XXXII '
Hannah Janxey's Sampler. 1785
Owned by Mrs. Miles White, Jr.
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 97
and below are the names of the eleven. On either side she has tall,
slender pedestals surmounted by a pair of celestial and terrestrial
globes, such as were used in the schools of that period. Directly over
the register is a very elaborate lambrequin, similar to those used
over the tops of windows. The globes and the lambrequin fore-
shadowed the Victorian Era that was so soon to come. At the bottom,
Elizabeth has a landscape. The largest house which she depicts was
erected by her father, and was the first brick house built in North
Brookfield, Massachusetts. A smaller building in the very corner
represents a store, wuth its swinging sign near bj'-.
In 1803, two little New York girls of eight and ten, named
Caroline and Elizabeth Grimes, each worked a sampler and sent them
across the ocean as gifts, to give pleasure to their English grandmother.
Caroline, the younger, worked a quaint poem beginning, "The broad
Atlantic rolls between fair England's Isle and me," and made per-
fectly lovely portraits of "Nero" the dog and "Tiger" the cat on
the canvas. Elizabeth had a more ambitious huntsman and some
didactic poetry headed ^^Jf^S ' ^^ script capitals. This is not
the only case in which such a piece of work was embroidered as a token
of affection to be sent across this "Broad Atlantic," for in 1799 a
sampler signed
"Hannah Wilson Bradford, Yorkshire, Old England
to
Phebe Speakman, Concord, North America"
was dispatched from the other side. If the address outside the package
was equally vague, the postman of those days must have had clever
brains to have enabled it to reach its destination. Still another instance
of a sampler taking a long journey is that worked by Lydia Austin,
a little Hindu girl. Though made in British India, it is a typical
New England sampler, which leads us to the conclusion that she had
a model from the New World to copy, and the deeply religious verse
confirms the belief that she had been brought up as a Christian. We
know that she was supported and educated by Miss Lydia Austin,
who lived and died in New Haven, Connecticut, and who bestowed
98 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
her name upon her httle protegee. It was probably a token of grati-
tude sent to the benefactress.
Two specimens from Virginia indicate that a custom may have
prevailed there of making samplers and giving them as betrothal or
wedding presents to a relation or some particularly dear friend. One
of these was made for a sister, and the design is rich with turtle doves,
a wedding bell, and is marked "an emblem of love".
Still another one from Virginia is the handiwork of "Content
Phillips, aged 12 October" (Plate Iv). Her alphabets are inscribed
on an unmistakable memorial tablet, but this does not interfere with
her little dream of romance. For the urns at the four corners of her
floral border contain rosebuds tied with true lovers' knots, while under
the vines of the lower border the true lovers approach each other with
arms outstretched. The antlered animal just between them in the
picture, but evidently climbing a hillside, seems utterly oblivious of
the proximity of the lovers. Content has succeeded in giving him a
sublimely unbiased expression. This charming sampler is worked in
bright colors on rich tan linen, and the outline of the tablet gives
it distinction.
Many of the sampler makers were descendants or relatives of
illustrious people, some of them American patriots, some English
nobility. Two cousins of John Adams are on the list. Mary Ann
Fenno had as ancestor Governor Thomas Dudley, of the Massachu-
setts Bay Colony; Sarah Jane Fletcher came of Mayflower stock;
Jane Arthur was descended from James Dalrymple, Lord Stair
of Scotland. Rebecca Old, born 1808, was the granddaughter of
Elizabeth Stiegel and great-granddaughter of Henry William Stiegel,
"Baron Stiegel," the pioneer Pennsylvania glass maker. The list of
these notables could go on indefinitely.
In 1819, the great-great-great-granddaughter of "Marchant"
Richard Dole, the builder of the first public wharf in Newburyport,-
embroidered a charming sampler, which is still cherished by the family.
This little Sarah Dole (Plate Ivi), aged nine, certainly did herself
proud in her choice of soft and harmonious colors, perhaps having
PLATE XXXIII
Axx Buller's Sampler. 1786
Owned by Mrs. Charles M. Greene
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 99
inherited this good taste from her mother. The story runs that when
Washington visited Newburyport lie was entertained at a house where
the guest-chamber bed and windows were draped with a beautiful
orange-yellow India print. In those days, neighbors and friends were
often called in to assist and criticize the arrangements made for hous-
ing illustrious guests ; and Sarah's mother, happening to see this room,
found the effect so charming that she secured the pattern of the
curtains, bought the goods in Newburyport, and reproduced them
for her daughter's bed when she was married in 1831. Sarah's sampler
still hangs in the room adorned by these draperies, and the sprightly
bird which she embroidered in the lower left-hand corner, while keep-
ing a watchful eye on a stag facing him from the further side of a
basket of flowers, has an air of casting an occasional wink across the
room at these cheerful-looking curtains, as much as to say, "You and
I are in very good taste, are we not?"
Caroline Maria Welch, the maker of a sampler in 1827, was the
descendant of John Welch, the carver of the sacred Codfish so much
revered by all Bostonians, which once occupied the proud position
of weathervane. It is now preserved in the museum inside of the old
State House. This disposes of the story that it fell from Heaven into
the Frog Pond.
It gives one real pleasure to find family samplers, long separated
by the breaking up of homes, brought together again at last between
the covers of this book. This is the case with the work of the Rine
sisters, probably Pennsylvania Dutch, who both attended Mrs. Arm-
strong's school at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, where they did the em-
broidery. Fanny, having rather the best of it, was twelve years old,
while Wilamina had to struggle through hers at the tender age of six.
No wonder that the younger child's flowers and vines are a bit clumsier
in workmanship.
We know that the Pennsylvania Dutch, as the early German
settlers of that region were called, produced many samplers, for the
children's names betray their Teutonic origin. Their fathers and
mothers must have inspired or exacted awe, for the children often
100 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
"Respectfully present" the finished product to then* parents. A cer-
tain sort of weeping willow must have been indigenous to that part
of the country, as it frequently appears on these samplers. Sarah
Yeakel (Plate Ivii), 1806, shows one growing beside her hilltop
house, evidently buffeted by a strong easterly wind. A velvety lawn
in different shades of green sweeps down to the bottom of the hill,
where some sheep are browsing in the shade of a large tree, while in
the distance others are seen. But unfortunately the perspective fails
here and the meadow stops at the nearer sheep, leaving the others
suspended in mid-air. Near the house, a thoroughly English peacock
suns himself — a rather unusual variety, however, boasting only eight
large feathers to his tail.
Poplar trees, owing to their contour, always lend themselves well
to embroidery; but Anna Sophia Beckwith (Plate Iviii), 1829, makes
it distinctly understood that her farmhouse stood in a "Poplar Grove",
and has labeled it accordingly. It conveys the impression that farmers
of that day understood the art of placing their houses happily, for
although in a valley it looks well swept by breezes, and the dark
shutters tightly closed seem calculated to keep out the heat.
Nancy Piatt (Plate lix), 1804, presumably lived in a house on
a terrace, above a row of poplars. Whether or not she moved, later
on, to the home of many windows pictured below the terraced one,
outdoor life was evidently to her taste, for we find a cow and a dog
of almost equal size ; and can it be Herself on horseback ?
Another pair of sisters reunited in these pages are Betty and Sally
Brierly. They each cut a generous piece of pale blue linen as a ground-
work — a departure from the usual white or cream color — which very
possibly may have been spun, woven, and dyed in their home, not an
unusual task and sometimes done by the maker of the sampler. Both
girls were inspired by English ideals, especially Betty (Plate Ix),
as her chief ornament is "A Representation of the Temple of Solomon
or the House of the Lord", a curiously thin-walled edifice which
frequently appears on English samplers, but which is rarely seen on
those made in this country. Betty's five fruit trees below are very
PLATE XXXIV
Margaret Rajisay's Sampler. Albany.
1T89
Owned by the New York Society of the Colonial Dames,
Van Cortlandt Manor, New York
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 101
ornamental, and her "Evening Meditation on the Crucification",
though serious, is a less lugubrious poem than we usually find. Sally
Brierly, two years later, copied her sister's complicated strawberry
border and also some of the detached roses, but contented herself with
a much smaller and more practical church, which, strange to say,
appears unmistakably in an earlier sampler by Sarah Bancroft. How
interesting it would be if we could identify it !
Still another child of this period. Faith Walker (Plate Ixi),
erects a Solomon's Temple on her sampler, but makes up for the
absence of the usual court by an ornamental fence with arched gate-
ways. It does not appear that either child tried to follow very clearly
the description given in the Bible. Below is a most original repre-
sentation of Adam and Eve, the latter overshadowed by a huge rooster,
and the "grand old gardener and his wife" both sadly in need, not
only of clothes, but also of a course in physical culture. Those spindle
shanks must have made the journey out of Eden very arduous.
The same couple are much more fully clothed in Elizabeth Rowe
Terry's handiwork ; as a matter of fact, she goes to the other extreme
and has dressed them in the fashion of 1828. Fortunately, as the
serpent has been omitted, they are labeled, so one is saved from the
error of mistaking them for Elizabeth's relations. Eve's train is very
stiff and heavy, as if whaleboned. Adam shows no enthusiasm for the
proffered apple.
In the nineteenth century, however, our first parents are not often
depicted. They evidently did not appeal to our little countrywomen's
taste for original design, though it is amusing to note a decided lack
of originality in two samplers of 1820, worked by sisters, Abigail and
Mary Harding. They are precisely alike; perhaps the younger girl
tried to emulate her sister in everything, as little sisters are apt to do.
The Reding sisters, INIary A. and Harriet Biron, embroidered pictures
of the same house and distant landscape, simply viewed from a differ-
ent angle. Another copy was the sampler of Phebe Esther Copp,
1822, which w^as almost a facsimile of that of her grandmother and
namesake, Esther Copp, worked in 1765.
102 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Not only temples and churches, but all sorts of public buildings
are found on the samplers of this century. The architecture was fre-
quently curiously modified to suit the whim of the maker or to meet
the exigencies of embroidery, but we must not be too critical so long
as these scenes bear a sufficient resemblance to the original or are
labeled. Unfortunately this is often not the case, and many imposing
buildings depicted may be real structures and not merely flights of
fancy, although, alas, they cannot now be identified. The earliest
samplers of this kind show the public buildings at Providence,
Rhode Island, and for those, undoubtedly, our thanks are due to old
"Marm" Balch's Select Female Academy, a description of which
will be found in the chapter on schools.
On many of these samplers stand the old State House and the
buildings of Brown University; some ambitious children combine
the two. The First Congregational Church of Providence also proved
popular. Sarah F. Sweet has embroidered it with great attention to
detail and with the inscription that it was destroyed by fire on June 14,
1814. On another unsigned piece of work we see the same church,
minus the towers. The child undoubtedly meant to add them, but
my theory is that she started to use too many alphabets above, and
realizing when she reached R that she had encroached too far on
the space required, she stopped short in discouragement, leaving a
long, loose end of silk running down and then upward through the
linen, to prevent it from tangling. (See Plate Ixii.)
A still more ambitious undertaking is that of jNIaria Hopping,
who essayed the First Baptist Church of Providence. We should be
devoutly thankful that this church in real life did not share the fate
of its Congregational brother, for in its lovely setting of green it still
remains, a delight to the eye. She has erected a rather ungainly arch
over the church, with curious bases and capitals, in the nature of some
of the Family Record arches or those used in the Balch school
samplers, only less graceful.
Another sampler (Plate Ixiii) bearing many names, but with
that of Saunders predominating, shows the building of the College
PLATE XXXV
Saii.y Muxro's Sampler. Cir. 1790
Probably clone at Miss Polly Balch's School
Owned by the Newport Historical Society
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 103
of William and JNIary at Williamsburg, Virginia. This college shares
with Harvard the honor of being a pioneer institution of learning
in this country, and dates back to 1681, though it did not receive
its charter till 1693. Many illustrious men received their education
in this historic place. Their parents may have especially approved of
sending their sons to a college whose rules forbade any student keep-
ing a race horse, and ordered that drinking be confined to the modera-
tion that becomes a prudent and industrious student. It is truly
appropriate that this college should appear as chief ornament on a
piece of needlework, for one of the officials appointed in 1761 was
a stocking mender, who received the munificent salary of twelve
pounds a year. The buildings are pictured as standing on the banks
of a river or lake, upon which float several boats. This must be taken
as poetic license, as both the York and James Rivers are some miles
away.
The "Old Brick Row" of Yale University, which was the chief
feature of the college until about thirty years ago, when all but
Connecticut Hall was demolished, is to be found on a most interest-
ing sampler by Emily Clark (Plate Ixiv). The whole scene, though
so tiny, is unmistakable, for every building is there, as well as some
of the elms which in those days overshadowed them. As the colors
are beautifully harmonious and the stitchery quite wonderful, this is
a specimen which leaves very little to be desired.
"Princeton College" (Plate Ixv) is the imposing label at the
top of an early nineteenth century sampler. But what a different
scene from the Princeton we now know! If the child meant to show
Nassau Hall, Princeton's oldest building, she altered the architecture
very materially. Whatever building is represented is probably still
standing, but at present we cannot discover its identity.
Sally Whittington, who lived at Annapolis, chose St. Ann's
Church, a notable bit of early architecture, as the chief ornament
of her work made in 1819 ; and the New York City Hall proved equally
decorative as embroidered by Elizabeth Jane Hamil (Plate Ixvi) in
1828, with the tall trees on either hand and the charmingly shaded
104 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
lawn in the foreground — a far cry, indeed, to the same building in
the midst of the seething business crowds of today.
Independence Hall, in Philadelphia, birthplace of our Declara-
tion of Independence, lends great dignity to Ann Macomber's ( Plate
xli) work, 1799, and below it, with only half of the building on the
canvas, she gives us a glimpse of Carpenter's Hall, where our First
Congress met. As the two views stand alone, without border or alpha-
bet, this sampler has a rather unusual appearance.
Eliza F. Budd (Plate Ixvii), 1808, crowned a delightful hillside
landscape with the courthouse of Mount Holly, New Jersey. There
is some effort at perspective in the broad path leading up to the build-
ing on the hill, planted with trees alternating in shape, and with one
neat tree on each step of the terrace. There, strange to say, David
guards his sheep on one side of the slope and Ruth gleans on the
other; though why these Biblical characters should appear in the
vicinity of Mount Holly, history does not tell.
This form of sampler, where a building stands directly in the
center on a hilltop, with trees or jardinieres outlining the slope on
either side, is quite characteristic of the period. Sometimes the build-
ing looks like a castle or church, sometimes a more humble, homelike
structure. A group, consisting of a man and woman and strange
varieties of domestic animals, generally occupies the foreground.
Little "E. T.'s" sampler man looks as if he had donned an Indian suit
and headdress for the occasion. He is shown offering a flower to a
lady.
Julia Ann Nivers tastefully arranged on her canvas all the public
buildings of the main street of Crawford, New Hampshire, and added
a long poem entitled "The Young and Giddy", and in smaller letters,
"Invited to Christ". (See tailpiece, p. 254.)
Palmyra M. Keen gives us a large church, a schoolhouse, and two
other buildings ; not in a row, as in a village street, but detached, with
a grapevine wandering between. Sophia Stevens Smith (Plate Ixviii),
1818, shows the white church at North Branford, Connecticut, a
near-by red farmhouse, and a bridge over which an imposing coach
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 105
is passing. The whole scene, well composed and crowned by a grace-
ful garland of flowers and bow-knots, was easily recognizable until a
few years ago, when the church was burned to the ground.
Though beyond the period dealt with in this book, it is interesting
to note that by 1839 the custom of sampler making had penetrated
as far wxst as Missouri, for a child from Brunswick, in that state,
embroidered one with a picture of the "Methodist Episcopal Church."
Two varieties of sampler, much in vogue in England at the period
of which I write, never became popular in our country. I refer to
those showing the darning stitches and to the embroidered maps.
The Dutch were probably the originators of the darned samplers,
those fine pieces of work where squares of the linen groundwork are
cut out and the holes filled in with different damask patterns worked
in contrasting shades of silk; where "barn door" and "winklehawk"
tears, purposely made, are darned so as to be almost invisible unless
a colored thread is used. The English embellished this work of
"stoppage" still further by using baskets or bunches of flowers as a
central ornament, with a different darning-stitch in each flower and
leaf. For some unknown reason, very little of this w^ork was pro-
duced here. It is distressing to reflect that even at this early period
our national sin of extravagance betrayed itself in our failure to train
the young in the art of repairing and conserving.
One of the happy exceptions is the work of Julia Boudinot ( Plate
cxvi) , 1800. It is a real darned sampler, giving about thirty different
designs of darned damask-stitch, the colored silk threads running
only in one direction, and the pattern made by picking up the threads
of the groundwork which has not been cut away. This resembles the
only French darned sampler which has been brought to my notice,
so one is not surprised to learn that the Boudinots were French
Huguenots. They lived in New^ark, New Jersey, and when Julia's
sister married a Baltimorian she was one of the six bridesmaids who
accompanied the happy pair to their home in Baltimore, where they
all spent a most delightful winter, society being especially gay that
season, because of the visit of Jerome Bonaparte and his officers.
106 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
The charming Northern girls were evidently a great success, for the
story of their merry pranks and many festivities is still remembered
by their descendants.
Mary Gill (Plate Ixix), of Wilmington, Delaware, 1814, made
a similar sampler, but she used white cotton and only made six squares,
filling the seventh square in the center with a sort of knitting-stitch,
such as could be used for repairing stockings. Hannah Bennet, of
Hubbardston, 1800, in addition to a panel in which three boats are
being rowed up hill, worked a border across the bottom with some
damask patterns, but, following Mary Gill's example, the groundwork
is not cut out and the threads run only one way.
It is easier to understand the rarity of our map samplers, as an
embroidered map of our whole country would, indeed, be an under-
taking. The English children turned out maps of "England, Scot-
land and Wales" by the dozen, some of which are interesting because
of the originality of the geography, embellishments in the way of
pretty boats or ships in the surrounding waters, or a figure of Britannia
in the corner, guarding a coat of arms. Some are so exact in design
as to recall the fact that they were sometimes printed on silk and
could be bought in shops ready to embroider, with an inscription
such as "A New Map of Scotland for Ladies Needlework, 1797".
Mr. Huish, in his book, gives an illustration of a Map of North
America made in 1738, but implies that it was an English production.
It is amusing as an example of the general conception of our country
at that time, the "parts unknown" occupying a very large area.
Only about a dozen maps of American origin have come to light,
among them the State of New Jersey; the State of Maryland, by
Elizabeth Susannah Bowie; and also one of Massachusetts, by
Elizabeth Stevens (Plate cv), made in Public School No. 13 in New
York.
Elizabeth Ann Goldin (Plate Ixx) exercised her utmost skill,
which was considerable, on a map of the State of New York ; not only
is her stitching wonderful — it is hard to guess how she procured silk
fine enough for the curls and tendrils that ornament her capitals —
iii^*i^--? tg^i jitaiT -=i£igx--^^5^-r^S
H^^i
^^i"
*^iS
m^m
*"^" "" "~" ^^«5^';;;. -^^^z
rtKiS',;
•2
Oh
s
6
C^tsHT^St-^
^#^«
'■■S:.-l
^:=
rsc;?aa
^^jfe. '■■■■'
^
■^_>v*-^
iif>Tiiiiir
'A
X ::
^: r-
^
Ism
&
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 107
but she had a turn for statistics and gives valuable information,
namely, that the population of New York State in 1829 was 1,392,812
and that "Long Island is the most important Island belonging to the
State of New York, 140 miles in length and from 10 to 15 broad,
contains three counties and numerous flourishing towns, population
87,000". She gives also this bit of history: "Lake Erie is the cele-
brated scene of Perry's victory over a British fleet, September 10th,
1813", and "Lake Champlain is celebrated for the victory gained by
Macdonough over a British fleet of far superior force, September,
1814". So many of our little sampler makers seemed to have died in
early life that it is refreshing to know that Elizabeth Ann lived to a
ripe old age and is buried in the cemetery at Watkins Glen, New York.
Betsy Scott made a very large, clear map of England and Wales,
and we have also a very pretty little "New Map of France" embroid-
ered by a small American child. But the most original of all is the
map of North and South America, by Frances Wade (Plate Ixxi),
1798, for the "Great War" has not played such havoc with the map
of Europe as did the little needlewoman with the countries of our
hemisphere. Chili and Patagonia have changed places ; the "Amazon
country" occupies a big section of Brazil; Florida is more than half
as large as the portion marked "United States". New Mexico is even
larger, and Louisiana is tucked in snugly above, right in the heart
of the Continent ; while Canada, a detached section toward the top of
the map, does not touch the United States at all. Altogether it would
be difficult to find a more unusual conception of the Western Hemi-
sphere, and one wonders if it was due to a vivid imagination or to
ignorance on the part of her instructors.
Two less imaginative but even more courageous children actually
embroidered charts of the world, one of them being an ambitious
affair, embellished at the corners with allegorical figures of Europe,
Asia, Africa, and America. (See Plate xcii.)
I imagine that many of these samplers took many years to work,
and in most cases one such effort was considered sufficient to estab-
lish a reputation for proficiency in needlework; but cases have been
108 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
found where one child made two samplers in one year, or two a year
or so apart. Mary Hatch, in 1808, set an example in industry by
embroidering a sampler and in the same year completing a most
elaborate pen-and-ink drawing of the State of New York, the counties
being outlined, the rivers and even the turnpikes traced; altogether
a most laborious task.
Here and there we find a child incorporating useful bits of infor-
mation from other branches of learning on her work, such as the
"Boundaries of the State of Connecticut" on Lucy Ann Jolinson's
sampler, 1822, and Frances Parker's multiplication table done at
Piny Grove, Charles City County, Virginia, in 1800. Frances did
not waste any time on ornamentation, not even as much as did the
earlier arithmetical sampler maker mentioned in a previous chapter,
but contented herself with marking off the squares in plain cross-
stitch and placing a numeral in each.
It was not until the nineteenth century was well on its way that
the American Eagle took his place in embroidery as an emblem of
patriotism, and even then his appearance is so rare as greatly to
enhance the value of any specimen on which he is found. His rarity,
however, is less surprising when we reflect that on all the thousands
of English samplers we see, the British Lion is generally conspicuous
by his absence.
South Carolina contributes the first of the species in a truly
patriotic form, for the pennant in the eagle's beak is inscribed with
the word "Independence" and he is surrounded by stars. On those
of Sarah S. Caldwell, 1806, and Ann Eliza Eyre, 1829, he is suspended
in the sky above a rural landscape, his wings outspread and the shield
upon his breast. (See Plate Ixxii.)
Mary Hallowell, at the very end of this period, made her eagle
look so singularly like a dove of peace — even giving him an olive
branch to carry — that it requires the surrounding stars and a study
of ornithology to identify him positively. However, in those peaceful
days he could afford to cultivate this resemblance. JMargaret Moss
(Plate Ixxiii), 1825, makes him resplendent; bearing two American
s
o
ao
«»
Ci
«
QD
■4-^
t-
•K^l
I— 1
HM
— 1
s:
-v*
'-H
^
^
>t
",
^
r 1
X
X
<
1^
o
C3
s
o
^
Ob
<;
*^
<*
^
6
S
>
^
O
as
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 109
flags in his claws and an E plurihus unum streamer in his beak. He
hovers over an animated scene, in which we see a red house, sheep and
shepherd, cows and beehive (around which the bees fly most symmetri-
cally), while the father and mother stroll in the sunshine, watching
their three children at play. In a wreath in the upper corner, sup-
ported by cherubs clad in dark undershirts, Margaret's name and the
date of her work are recorded; and in the pendant the death date,
presumably of a grandmother, aged eighty. This sampler came
from the vicinity of Philadelphia, and the house is said to represent
William Penn's little brick home which stands in Fairmount Park.
To be sure, it is a story higher than the original, but that is an un-
important detail. Can it be that the male figure is intended for
William himself? It would not be an anachronism to have his wife
gayh" clad, as she was not a Quakeress.
Another heraldic animal, a cross between a dog and a lion, and
wearing a crown, a frequent figure on English work, peeps out from
the corner of Emmeline Ivins's attractive house at Mechanicks Town.
A crown is another Tory emblem which is rare in this country, and
usually indicates an English origin.
Lucy P. Wyman, 1810, uses the aces of hearts, diamonds, clubs,
and spades in her design, which strikes one as rather odd in a day
when cards were usually taboo in a respectable community.
Other bits of design characteristic of European countries often
crop out in American samplers in most unexpected places and appar-
ently without reason, such as the spies bearing the grapes of Eschol
or the gnarled pear trees on one of the Brierly samplers, both of which
patterns might have been transplanted from the Dutch samplers,
where they were favorites. The "West Town" School, near Phila-
delphia, and "Nine Partners" School, near New York, frequently
used the geometric figures characteristic of those from the Vierlande,
in Northern German3\ Still others, composed entirely of detached
motives — baskets of flowers, wreaths, etc. — need only the addition
of a broken column or two, and a Temple of Love or a grotto, to make
them resemble the rare early French samplers covered with patterns
to be used on embroidered waistcoats.
110
AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Early in the last century, the custom arose of making samplers
serve the double purpose of decorative needlework and a record of the
family births, marriages, and deaths. This idea, in its simplest form,
originated perhaps fifty years before, but was never fully developed
till later, when it gained rapidly in favor and very many were made.
They are generally inscribed, "Genealogy", "Family Register", or
"Family Record" (in one case spelled Rechord), and seem to have
been a purely American specialty. Many of the records are simply
worked on straight lines in cross-stitch, with only a narrow border for
decoration — very dull affairs except for the immediate descendants,
or where there is some historical interest attached, as in the sampler of
Sophia Smith, the founder of Smith College.
Another type manages to be decorative as well as genealogical,
for many of them have architectural pillars at the sides and an arch
over the top, frequently beautified with garlands of flowers. Dorcas A.
Kelly, who was born and lived at Mendon (called Men on the sam-
pler), Massachusetts, and also Betsy Cleveland, inscribed on their
floral arches, "Keep sacred the memory of thy Ancestors". On several
others, one of them the Loring Family Record (Plate Ixxiv), the
following lines are found carefully stitched in the lower corners :
The duty
of parents in
bringing up their
children is great and
important no one will deny
that good example set before
children will induce them
to follow the like example
and may lay a founda-
tion for their usefulness
in the world and a
blessing to their
parents.
The duty
of children to-
wards parents is e-
qually great and impor-
tant the great god of heaven
and earth has given a com-
mand to children to honour
their parents that their days
may be long upon the land
children would do well
to observe this great
commandment.
» . *
One can imagine that enumerating the duties of parents to their
children was a far more congenial as well as important task to the
childish mind than the dry recital of their duties to their parents.
Usually these genealogies only give the names of two generations,
those of the parents and children, but occasionally the grandparents'
names also appear.
■*
;j»i^I^;J:-:3
fmmsm'S^m.m *»:*■*»*»«
aasi^iwcafeiMiaw
ii«ii»iPffiif^
iHf^
i
PLATE XXXVIII
Zebiah Gore's Sampler. Boston. 1791
Owned by Miss Mary H. Leeds
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 111
Harriet Van Wart, in 1822, at the age of thirteen, embroidered
a most elaborate Family Record, thirty inches square. It would seem
almost the work of a lifetime, as she gives the names of her grand-
parents, both paternal and maternal, her parents, also those of her
thirteen brothers and sisters, with dates of birth and deaths, all of
these without abbreviation. Chain-stitching in human hair separates
the groups of genealogical data.
Second and third marriages seem to have been very general, and
the children bestowed equal care in recording the names of mother
and stepmother. Eliza Ann Hunt, in 1824, does this in a pretty way
by entwining three hearts. The upper left-hand heart is devoted to
the father's name and date of birth; the upper right-hand heart has
one lobe assigned to the mother, the other to the stepmother; while
the lower inverted heart gives the two marriages, one on each lobe.
In addition to the genealogy, this sampler shows an unusually tall
house of four stories, surrounded by spacious grounds and lofty trees.
Jane E. Blatchford, 1814, records the birth of seventeen children
between the dates of December, 1788, and March, 1811. With so
many brothers and sisters, one would think that she, as well as the
mother, would have had their hands too full to embark on such a piece
of needlework. In our utilitarian age, we do not attempt elaborate
phraseology; but a century ago, parents were "United in Marriage"
or "Departed this Life", and children occasionally listed under the
head of "Progeny", with little economic regard for the number of
stitches.
One of the earliest and handsomest of these family registers is
that made in 1802 by Harriet Jones (Plate Ixxv), the daughter of
William Jones, governor of Rhode Island from 1811 to 1817, a man
who could boast of a varied career previous to that time. During
the Revolution, he first held a commission in Babcock's regiment, then
became Captain of Marines on the frigate Providence, and was after-
wards the bearer of dispatches to Benjamin Franklin in Paris and
the first delegate from the United States to be received at the French
court. The record is a pathetic one, because of the fact that of his six
112 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
children only two survived. Four little urns in a row surmount a
tomb on which their names are inscribed, with this verse below the
dates of their deaths :
"These tender blossoms of the opening year,
e^ Secure from harms still claim a parents tear."
Another sampler records the birth of a still-born child. It is sad
to find how great was the mortality among the young children of large
families. From Geneva, New York, comes the cry of poor little
Catherine Meach, who in 1824 bewails the loss of four small brothers
and sisters "all removed from this world in the course of five months" ;
she adds, "This little tribute of affection is recorded by a sister who
deeply mourns their loss".
In many of these genealogies, below the lines of names and dates,
willow trees are to be seen shading elaborate monuments, inscribed
with the names or simply the initials of departed members of the
family. These closely resemble the tombs so often found on the em-
broidered pictures of the period, or recall the designs of the mourning
rings and brooches which were so popular with our ancestors. Little
Betsy Cook may have been naturally of a gloomy disposition, or
perhaps was depressed by the verse she embroidered, so common
on samplers :
"This work in hand my friends may have,
W^hen I am dead and laid in grave."
In either case, she was feeling pretty pessimistic about her future when
she placed a little tomb, surmounted by an urn, under the usual willow
tree, and carefully labelled it "Miss B.C." Ruthy Trufry, of Port-
land, 1807, embroidered a row of little tombstones under her weeping
willows, all ready for the inscriptions should any one of the family
pass away. But only one stone, bearing the parents' initials, evidently
was needed in her lifetime. Poor little Ruthy had a hard time with
the corners of her rather unusual border and, after all, failed to make
the ends of the vine meet at the bottom. Mary A. Gale, 1825, beauti-
fied her symmetrical record by placing a tiny wreath of flowers about
each name and date. The little Sawyer girl evolved a rather ingenious
PLATE XXXIX
Sally Baldwin's Sampler. Cir. 1794
Owned bi/ Edward R. TrowhrkUje, Esq.
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 113
idea for working in a little genealogical information. She makes a
border of elongated, interlacing wreaths, in which she places the births
of her brothers and sisters. Her name and date, done in black, have
gone the way of most of the black silk of those days, which was
dyed in iron rust and disintegrated sooner than the colored threads.
Chariot Chadwick recorded the birth of a little brother in slightly
different colored silk (probably her silk had given out), just after she
had finished the sampler. One finds, frequently, that deaths have been
added to the records years after their original completion.
In a few instances, the records take the form of a real tree, with
the names inscribed on the pendant fruit, such as Lydia Russell's tree,
1809, which grows in a meadow surrounded by an elaborate landscape,
and flanked by two large pedestals or tombs on either side, bearing
the parents' names and supporting jardinieres, from which admirably
trained rose vines wander to the top of the sampler, where, in a
thoroughly Lord Lovell and Lady Nancy Bell manner, "they en-
twine in a true lover's knot for all lovers true (of samplers) to admire
— mire — mire". Lydia's apples, as well as the names thereon, are
painted.
Lucy Wyman (Plate Ixxvi), 1807, kept strictly to embroidery.
Her tree springs from entwined hearts bearing her parents' names,
and she provides for such a contingency as the arrival of a baby brother
or sister by supplying an upper branch with one extra apple, left
blank. Another quaint and somewhat lugubrious tree has branches
bearing portrait heads of the different members of the family instead
of fruit.
The Rice family genealogy, and that embroidered by Eliza F.
Parker, 1818, can be mentioned in the same category. The former
is on dark linen, and the tree grows poetically out of two hearts that
form a sort of jardiniere. The latter has some delightful shading
on the wiggly tree trunk. One wishes that the records more often
took this truly decorative form.
Finally, there is a type of register where the genealogical data
(generally rather brief) is squeezed into some vacant corner, occa-
lU AMERICAX SAMPLERS
sionally seeming the result of an after-thought, as in the work of
Elizabeth Mclntire, 1807, where the names and dates crowd a pastoral
scene, in which we see cows grazing under a double row of trees on
the banks of a canal or river, with a row of houses on the farther side.
(See Plate Ixxvii.)
The record of the Lamborn family (undated), formerly in Mr.
Alexander Drake's collection, is of this same type, and very elaborate
and beautiful. A large jardiniere filled with flowers stands on the
top of a grassy knoll, while three white lambs reposing in the fore-
ground seem rather overawed by the size of the flowers growing in
the meadow about them, the whole being gracefully bordered with
flowers at the sides and a grape vine winding across the top.
Considering that so much of this American needlework came from
states bordering on the Atlantic, it is astonishing that ships and boats
did not figure more often in the designs. We occasionally see them
in distant views, but rarelv with such fine effect as on Susan Munson's
skillful work, 1824. Her unique contribution is the good ship Potosi,
in black with white sails, American flag and ensign, on a light green
sea. Behind it she shows a blue and white sky, with a rainbow, moon,
and star. She has placed the ship in the center of the sampler, and
on either side of it the words :
From Rocks O God
Shoals and Protect the
Stormy Potosi
Weather ever.
A Is a
Rainbow Sailors
at night delight. (See Plate Ixxxii.)
As we have seen, the samplers of the nineteenth century were used
for all sorts of purposes and to commemorate many different events,
having traveled far from their original purpose of simply preserving
valuable patterns in convenient form. Sarah Hillhouse, 1810, chose
a long poem entitled "The Hermit" as the j^i^ce de resistance of her
work, one utterly devoid of interest to a child. Let us hope she did
not realize how dull the poem was. Another sampler, depicting a rural
scene, eulogizes Washington:
PLATE XL
LoAxx Smith's Sampler. Providence. 1785
Done at Miss Polly Balcii's School
Oxcned lnj the Rhode Island School of Design
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 115
"Mourn Hapless Brethern Deeply mourn,
The source of every joy is fled.
Our Father dear, the Friend of Man,
The Godlike Washington is dead."
It was made by Eliza Thomas, in 1804, but probably was begun nearer
the time of Washington's death. Still another one of much later date
commemorates the death of McPherson, with a poem of seventeen lines
bidding "Columbia mourn".
Hannah J. Robinson (Plate Ixxviii), 1818, embroidered what we
might call a missionary sampler, in which "every prospect pleases",
man, fortunately, being omitted. An eagle perches upon a tablet
inscribed with a verse, "The Spread of the Gospel"; flowering vines
on either side entwine around tall stakes, making a novel border, the
whole surrounded by a solid black band of cross-stitch, on which is
Hannah's name in white. This border resembles the black mats
painted on glass and edged with gold, so often used in framing old
prints and memorial pictures.
In 1821, Lucinda Brooks's sampler took the form of an embroid-
ered Marriage Certificate of herself, aged sixteen, and Ruben Dade,
aged twenty- two, on one side, and on the other these words :
"May the cares that bind the covetous never disturb our peace.
May we yield therefore one to the other and be equally yoked together
in the command of God. May neither of us seek basely to through an
undue weight on the other's shoulders. Suffer no interference from
any other to interrupt our harmony. We are connected for life,
nothing can separate our fate in this world. Oh, let nothing divide
our affections. May we regard each other with the fullest confidence,
the least spark of suspicion from either might forever blast the com-
fort of both. There can be no harmony where there is no faith."
Sixteen seems a very early age to commit matrimony, but we find that
Elizabeth Floyd, also a sampler maker, was married at Smithtown,
Long Island, at the age of fifteen.
A curious effusion is found on the handiwork of Catherine Snyder,
of Clarkstown, New York, made in 1800. It reads:
"DIALOGUE"
Men "Tell us O Woman, we would know
Whither so fast we move
Women We called to leave the World below
Are seeking one above
Men Whence came ye, sa — "
116 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
There it ends, unfortunately, as we would greatly enjoy knowing
whence they came.
A romantic interest attaches itself to the three samplers made by
a son and two daughters of the Gauffreau family (Plate Ixxix), who
immigrated to New York from St. Barthelemey, one of the Leeward
Islands, in 1815. The oldest girl lived to be eighty-seven, and her
account of the family's terrible experiences in San Domingo, handed
down from her mother, is still remembered. During the slave insur-
rection of 1791, the members of the family had a narrow escape, having
been saved by a faithful slave, who hid them in an abandoned chicken
house and then conducted them by night to the coast, whence they
fled to Philadelphia. All these sampler inscriptions are in French,
and, indeed, the one embroidered by the boy Fortune was made before
coming to this country, and is therefore not strictly American. It is
interesting as being the only one of this period made by a boy, although
boys' samplers are sometimes found in Europe and INIexico. The girls,
Louisa and Celestine, dated theirs from New York. Louisa seems
to have been especially fond of her mother, for she dedicated her
work to ''Ma Mere'' and accompanied it with some pretty verses
and emblems of affection.
Speaking of boys' samplers, the signature of a bo}^, George Terrell,
is found with her name on the work of Margareta Whann, but one
cannot tell whether or not he helped with the embroidery. Possibly
he furnished the design, but if so he was not a very skillful draughts-
man, for the vine border wanders aimlessly about and the central oval
containing the house and landscape is oddly irregular. We forget,
however, these shortcomings in the charm of the coloring of the grass,
the trees, and the pretty draperies above, held back by little cords and
tassels. This feature, i. e., the draperies, is generally reserved for the
sampler scenes where it is desired to indicate that the action takes place
indoors. AVe see it on a choice English sampler of 1767, around a
group of charming ladies clad in stump-work dresses, with real lace
fichus and headdresses, who are sweeping their voluminous trains
across a tessellated floor, as though on their way to a repast. In this
: '"-^.-•"- .J*'
Ml
,*:|..^ ^^
^1
t
^
1
h-
^-
^
'^
^i
u
ii?
i'-
jC^
!ij
g
r
«^
«■»« : :" mm ' ■" J^;^'4
^ ^
3
^
* .
'as £
S5 3
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 117
case the curtains are also in stump-work. Though never used in as
elaborate a way, the American samplers made at Providence quite
often resort to this effect, as in the President's Inaugural Reception
shown on Nancy Hall's (Plate xcix) sampler.
Among other unusual touches that add interest to different sam-
plers we may mention the coach and four horses on Priscilla Ward's ;
Melissa INIarsh's collection of sampler stitches; a branch of autumn
leaves lending a note of color to the background of Sally Oliver's
work; the hemstitching and fringing done by Nancy Merrill, and
bands of openwork on some others.
Several unusual samplers of a very distinctive type have come to
light, consisting of a groundwork of white net, without any border,
on which are patterns of needle-run lace, such as was in vogue about
1825 (Plate Ixix). One of these samplers, which is in the Philadel-
phia Museum, though unsigned, has a piece of paper sewed to the net
on which a name is written. It would be interesting to know more
about these samplers, but very little information is forthcoming. We
have to content ourselves with believing that the facts point to their
probably being of American production some time between 1820 and
1830.
Having touched on most of the varieties to be seen in the examples
of the nineteenth century, one comes to what is perhaps the most
attractive type, the design which shows the little girl's own home.
Such is the sampler of Sopliia Cutter, 1801, where a particularly cosy
farmhouse nestles against a hillside shaded by a fine tree, enlivened
by three large birds perching near by, all seeming to indicate a happy
home in the country ; the effect only marred by a dreadfully gloomy
verse, which "like a worm i' the bud preys on" the peaceful scene.
Usually the little needlewomen were not ultra-realistic, but allowed
a playful fancy to improve upon every-day life; especially on the
sampler lawns do we meet most delightful, unusual things. There
gigantic strawberries grow in orderly rows; beside them graze many
strange animals, such as antlered dogs and sheep; sometimes two
white horses make a meal of strawberries. Perhaps a gentleman
118 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
advances across the lawn, hat in hand, to greet a lady with a fan, or
a man is seen fishing from a pond set in the midst of the grass, but all
has a charming air of "make-believe"; and it is only occasionally
that we come upon a scene such as Polly Parker, of Bradford, em-
broidered in 1802, which is truly pastoral, and more like the "petit-
point" pictures of a far earlier period. In this sampler, the shepherd's
expression as he pipes to his lady-love, seated in a bosky dell, is almost
too sweet to be borne, and we, as well as the sheep dog, share her
embarrassment. We often find incongruities in color as well as in
perspective and proportion. A lovely border of pink roses admirably
shaded in natural colors will suddenly break out into a bright blue rose
at the top. Did the child weary of pink, and take liberties in the
absence of her mother or teacher; or had she, perhaps, heard of the
legend that a blue rose means happiness or love — or, at least, some-
thing pleasant to dream of?
Mary Ann Fessenden Vinton (Plate Ixxx) , 1814, makes her work
as nearly like a memorial picture as possible, and yet keeps it a true
sampler, and has cleverly arranged the alphabet and numerals in
different styles, so as to form a narrow inner border around the tomb
and the weeping female, the ornate rose border being quite different
in character from the earlier conventionalized pattern. Olive E.
Hewins, of Boston, 1829, has done very much the same thing, except
that there is no note of sadness about her wide-awake young lady,
clad in the dress and coiffure of the period, and the landscape is en-
riched with chenille. Elizabeth Williams, of Baltimore, uses a similar
border, and depicts a very spacious Colonial house set in a lawn, across
which the sun casts shadows that are lovely in coloring. The proverbial
Southern hospitality had its influence on the young sampler makers,
and nearly all of their productions show generous-sized mansions,
capable of housing many guests. Eliza Picket's (Plate Ixxxi) canvas
has given us a particularly spacious house of this type, with wings
on either side ; in fact, it is so large that she has not left room for any-
thing else except a rose border and her name and age, even the date
being omitted.
PLATE XLII
Patty Coggeshai.l's Sajipi.er. Bristol. Cir. 1795
Ozc'iied by the Metropolitan Mu-ieum of Art, Xem York-
Plate presented by Mrs. Bayard Thayer
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 119
Aimena Sherman shows an amusing scene. The imposing house
does not take up as much room on the sampler as usual (some of its
shutters are invitingly open, showing pretty curtains, while other
windows are tightly closed), so there is space for ample grounds, with
a barn at one side, a long stretch of fence and a road in front, where a
procession is passing. We see a man leading a horse and driving three
cows, a nurse pulling a very archaic baby carriage, a laborer going
to work, and a woman leading a dog, all combining to make an ani-
mated scene, the proportions throughout being surprisingly good.
But of these pictured houses, the one above all others in which
I would choose to live is that created by Hannah Kibbes, 1806. It is
embroidered on dark green tammy, which gives a mellow, warm tone.
The house, viewed from a slight angle, is approached by a winding
path leading up to the door, on which hangs an engaging knocker.
On one side, an arbor, shaded by a sturdy grape vine, forming the
border across the top of the sampler ; on the other, a well, with hang-
ing bucket, offers refreshment — how many pleasant days could be
spent in such a spot ! To be sure, the well is very near tlie house, and
in real life might be infected with typhoid and other noxious germs;
but sampler-land has its advantages — disagreeable things simply do
not exist. The poets of this happy country are, one must confess,
a rather gloomy band, but no doubt their morbid lines have but little
effect on the peaceful atmosphere of the embroidered scenes, where
large families can live happily in small houses, where flowers never
fade, where there is always leisure and every one looks happy. If
laborers rest on their rakes it does not trouble us, as the crops are never
spoiled; the sunny summer afternoon is just comfortable for sitting
out of doors in pretty clothes; though flies and insects sometimes
assume large proportions, they never molest. Long live this happy
sampler-land, a delightful refuge for the imagination in times of stress
and worry !
Soon after 1830, a general deterioration may be noticed in both
the quality of workmanship and the number of samplers produced;
perhaps the demand for a slightly wider education for girls may have
120
AMERICAN SAMPLERS
led them to devote less time and care to the art of needlework; but
more probably it was due to the craze for Berlin wool-work, with its
garish colors, coarse cross-stitch, and banal designs, which spread
across the ocean, the mothers and teachers thinking the new patterns
and methods more modish, and wishing their daughters to be up-to-
date. Whatever the cause, the custom gradually died out, and so
ended the most prolific and characteristic period of American samplers.
Eva Johnston Coe.
Lucy Cushing's Sampler. 1792
Owned by Mrs. Paul Blatchford
REGISTER OF SAMPLERS, 1800-1830
AcKERMAN, Elizabeth. 1808? [Born in 1799.] 8" x 16i". 4 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Cross-borders, with tree, birds, dog, chair, woman, and small floral designs. Verse
343 (1). Mrs. Lucien Lee Kinsolving
Adams, Ellen E. 11 yrs. 16\" x 17". 3 alphabets. Stem, cross, and satin-stitch. Rose and
grape borders. House with trees and grass. "Under instruction of C. Rockwood."
Verses 179, 394. Miss Mary C. Wheelwright
Adams, Ltdia. 1814. [Newington, N. H.] 14 yrs. 8" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Hemstitched edge. Strawberry cross-border. [Parents, Samuel Adams and Lydia Cole-
man.] Mrs. Paul H. McMillin
Alden, Cyxthia. 1802. Claremont, Mass. Born August 10, 1784. 13" x 14^". 4 alphabets.
Cat and cross-stitch. Cross-lines and cross-borders in simple designs. Verses 40, 247.
Mrs. Lathrop C. Harper
Alger, Abby. 1802. 11 yrs. 12" x 11". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 676 (1).
George H. Havens, Esq.
Allen, Chloe. 1802. 6 yrs. 17" x 8". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 343 (1).
The Misses Austin
Allek, Elizabeth W. 1821. 10 yrs. 16" x 16". 3 alphabets. Queen and cross-stitch. Straw-
berry border. Verse 90. The Misses Austin
Allex, Maby. 1824. 14" x 15^". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Vine border. Verse
472. Pennsylvania Museum, Memorial Hall, Fairmount Park
Allex, Polly Axx. 1821. Born in 1810. Connecticut. 7|" x 7|". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Simple border. Mrs. Harry Hale Goss
Allen, Sarah. 1823. 11 yrs. 8" x Hi". 3 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch.
Vernette R. Mowry
Allen, Waity. 1802. 9 yrs. 18" x 18*". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 343 (1).
The Misses Austin
Alleyne, Dorothy Deborah Foster. 1800. 12V' x 8". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hem-
stitched edge. Mrs. B. M. Chickering
Almy, Ruth. 1803. 9 yrs. 17" x 17". 5 alphabets. Chain, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Verses
612, 614. Mrs. Howard I. Gardner
Almy, Ruth. 1810-1811. 19" x 17". Cro.ss-stitch. Birds and flowers. Ovals containing
initials and dates. Mrs. Howard I. Gardner
Anderson, Catherine. 1808. [Stockton, N. J. 12 yrs.] 15" x 16". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Border, a single line of cross-stitch with short branches on either side, inclosing a vine on
which are leaves, rosebuds, and carnations. In center, at top, is a basket of flowers, and
on either side of basket is a square inclosing two initials: "J A" [Joshua Anderson,
father], "E A" [Elizabeth Anderson, mother]. Row of birds standing on vine at bottom.
In four other squares are the initials: "C A" [Catherine Anderson], "E A" [Eliza
Anderson, sister], "J H A" [John Hoppock Anderson, brother], "S A A" [Sarah A.
Anderson, sister]. The Misses Anderson
121
122 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
AxDERsojf, Elizabeth. 1814. 8 jrs. 11" x 14". Alphabet. Cross-stitch and padded-stitch.
Strawberry border. Scene with house, lambs, dog, rose bushes, and man, basket of apples,
vases and conventional flowers, trees and birds. Verse 343 (1). Initials: "A A, H A,
AA, S A." ilrs. Bradbury Bedell
Andehsox, Mary A. E. 1802. 18" x 17". Satin, cat, and cross-stitch. Floral border. Scene
with house, weeping willow tree with crow, and red tree with robin. Verse 398.
Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Anderson, Mary Aletta. 1814. 10 yrs. 12^" x 21". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch.
Conventional cross and strawberry vine border. Design at bottom of baskets, peacocks,
blue strawberries, and vines. Verse 488. Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Anderson, Nancy. 1804. [Hamilton Township, N. J.] 20" x 24". Flat, chain, and cross-
stitch. Carnation border. Scene with house, lawn, strawberries, trees, and vines. "George
Anderson" [father], "Sarah Anderson" [mother]. Verse 594 (1, var., 3).
Mrs. John H. Scudder
Anderson, Rachel. 1803. 10 yrs. 16" x 17". "Andrew Anderson, Jane Anderson, Andrew
Liburn, Jane Liburn, Robert Anderson, Elizabeth Anderson, Andrew Anderson, Jane
Anderson, James Anderson, Thomas Anderson, Ann Anderson, Robert Anderson,
Anna Anderson." Verses 252, 403. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Anderson, Rebecca Ann. 1809. Salem [N. J. 11 jts. Born September 26, 1798.] lOi" x 14".
2 alphabets. Outline, stem, and satin-stitch. Vine border with brilliant clusters. Wreath
incloses name. Green mounds surmounted by birds, also baskets of flowers, sprays of
pansies, carnations, roses and rosebuds, pine tree and weeping willow.
Mrs. John V. Craven
Anear, Thomasin Painter. 1828. 12 yrs. 10" x Hi". 4 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Saw-tooth border. Two hearts intertwined. W. G. Bowdoin, Esq.
Angell, Sally. 1804. 12^" x TV. 3 alphabets. Cross and eyelet-stitch. Verse 18.
Mrs. H. W. Bradford
Antrim, Euzabeth S. 1827. 12 yrs. 16" x 16". Cross-stitch in worsted. Strawberries and
leaves, 2 bunches of roses, at top; 2 bunches of carnations, pitchers with an aster in each,
blue vase with red tulips, 2 birds, at bottom. Verse 482. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Appleton, Betsy. 1806. Ipswich [Mass.]. 17" x 20". 3 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch.
Floral border. Willow sprays at bottom. "Family Record. Oliver Appleton Married
Sarah Cogswell Dec. 19th 1790.
Births of Children.
1st Child a daughter born & died Nov. 21, 1790
Harry Appleton born Jan. 25, 1793, & died Aug. 18, 1793
Betsy Appleton born Nov 17, 1794
Harriet Appleton born July 9th 1796.
Mr. Oliver Appleton died Dec. 11th 1797 aged 40 yrs and 18 days."
Verse 268. Mrs. Henry Lowell Hiscock
Appleton, Harriet. 1805. Born July 9, 1796, at Ipswicii. 15" x 18". 3 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Conventionalized clover border. Verse 538. Mrs. Henry Lowell Hiscock
Archer, Lydia. 1807. Salem [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 16" x 24". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, chain, stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Elaborate border, with clump of strawberry vines alternating with
clumps of violets or white flowers. Grass, huge vase of roses flanked by a strawberry vine,
large and small trees. Verse 129 (var.). Mrs. Francis H. Russell
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 123
Armstrong, Mary Ank. 182-1. 9 yrs. Baltimore, Md. 20" x 25". Split, petit-point, cat, tent,
chain, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Rose border outside, and running design in flat-stitch
inside. Three-story brick house, lawn, fence, driveway, dogs, weeping willow trees, and
birds. Verse 526 (1). Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Elmer
Armstrong, Mary Anx. 1824. Baltimore, Md. 9 yrs. 16" x 18". 3 alphabets. French knot,
queen, tent, cat, petit-point, split, stem, chain, eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry
border. Divided into 8 sections. Tree and vase on either side of verse. Verse 526 (1).
Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Elmer
Arxold, Amebsha. [1818. Born December 7, 1809, in Somers, Conn.] 9 yrs. 12^" x 9^".
3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Heart design. Miss Julia Amersha Carpenter
Arnold, Ann L. 1802. Providence. 17" x 12". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 676.
Miss Rosamond W. Austin
Arnold, Juliana. [Before 1830. Born in 1815.] Troy, N. Y. 18" x 18". Cross-stitch. Hem-
stitched edge, with border of vine and carnations. Verse 177. Mrs. William H. Walker
Arnold, Marcy. 1801. 13 yrs. 15" x 15". 3 alphabets. Stem, cat, and cross-stitch. Basket
of flowers. "Favor is deceitful and Beauty is vain. But Woman that feareth the Lord
she shall be praised". Mrs. William A. Spicer
Arnold, Mary Elizabeth. [After 1825.] 20?" x 18". Long and short and hem-stitch. Arch
with landscape at bottom, also monument. " Family Register : Mr. Welcome Arnold born
Nov. 15th, 1777; died Feb. 15th, 1821; Miss Mary Peirce born Oct. 22nd, 1779; Married
August 8th, 1803. Christopher Bentley Arnold born May 13th, 1804; Sally James Arnold
born Dec. 4th, 1805; died Aug. 14, 1825; Welcome Arnold born March 23rd, 1809; William
Peirce Arnold born Sept. 3rd, 1811; Mary Elizabeth Arnold born April 4th, 1816." "Sacred
to the best of Fathers. May angels guard thy sleeping dust."
Frederick W. Arnold, Jr., Esq.
Arthur, Jane. 1804. 9 yrs. 11^" x 16^". 3 alphabets. Cat, satin, stem, and cross-stitch.
Strawberry border. In center, 2 cross-borders of flowering bushes. Verse 408.
Miss Anna Dunbar
AsHBURNER, Fanny. 1811. 17" X 19". Outline, stem, tent, and cross-stitch. Border of flowers
and vine. At top, spray of flowers; in center, 3 flowering rose bushes; at bottom, roses
and other flowers in urns at each end. Verse 515 (1, var.). Mr, William Boyer
Atkinson, Mary C. 1810. Newbury, Mass. 12" x 161". Cross-stitch. Strawberry border.
"Michael Atkinson, born Feb. 14, 1774.
Joanna Lunt born Feb. 14, 1775.
Married April 17, 1794.
Benj'n Atkinson, born May 28, 1795.
Joana' C. Atkinson, born Dec. 22, 1799.
Mich'i Atkinson, born Mar'h 18, 1801.
Dyed Mar'h 22, 1801.
Josh' Atkinson, born Aprl, 18, 1802.
Eliza Atkinson, born Mar, 6, 1804.
Dyed Sept. 1, 1805.
Eliza Atkinson, born June 5, 1806.
Mary C. Atkinson, born Dec. 25, 1808.
Dyed March 27, 1810.
Mary C. A" [unfinished] Randolph Haigh, Esq.
124 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Atwood, Esther. [Cir. 1820.] Born October 23, 1807. 12" x 16". Cross-stitch. Strawberry-
border. Pine tree, cherry tree, and 2 birds. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Austin, Martha. 1811. [Buckingham, Berks County, Pa.] 10 yrs. llj" x 14". Cross-stitch.
Border of carnations, flowers, and buds, also 2 birds at top. Charles Clarke Black, Esq.
Austix, Mary. [Cir. 1819.] 7 yrs. 13J" x 16". 3 alphabets. Fine cross-stitch. Strawberry
border. "Remember thy Creator," etc. Verse 458. Bev. Glenn Tilley Morse
AusTix, Sarah. 1822. 15" x 8". 6 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. The Misses Austin
Ai-ER, Abigail. 1808. Haverhill [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 19" x 16". 3 alphabets. Petit-point, tapestry,
bullion, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Green grass at bottom, with basket of flowers in
either corner, from which springs a vine covered with flowers, extending aU around sides
and top; baskets with fruit, and small trees on grass, and strawberries growing in grass.
Conventional borders around verse, alphabets, etc. Verse 144. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Ayer, Habbiet. 1829. 10 yrs. HaverhiU [Mass.]. 17" x 12^". 4 alphabets. Stem, eyelet,
French knot, cross-stitch, and running cross-stitch. Vine and strawberry border. 2 pine
trees in lower corners. Mrs. J. W. Hunter
Bagg, Mahy. 1811. West Springfield [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 13" x IS". 3 alphabets. Chain and
cross-stitch. Cross-stitch border. Trees. Verse 291. Miss May Bliss Dickinson
Baggs, Elizabeth. 1811. [Queen Anne's County, Eastern Shore, Md.] 9 yrs. Alphabet.
Cross, satin, and stem-stitch. Carnation border with birds. House and trees. "This is my
Verse. She maketh fine linen and selleth it and delivereth the goods unto the merchant."
Verse 424. Mrs. Frank Bea
Baily, Rachel P. [Cir. 1800.] Born August, 1783. 12V' x 17". Flat, eyelet, and cross-stitch.
2 alphabets. Vine and pointed flat-stitch borders. Wall of Troy at bottom. Conventional
flowers at top. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Baker, Naxcy. 1808. Warren [R. I.]. 8 yrs. 19" x 16". 3 alphabets. Stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Strawberry border. House with terrace; also figures of men, women, and
children walking about. Verse 710. [Same style as those done in Miss Polly Balch's
School.] Mrs. Thomas W. Aldrich
Baker, Sahah. 1811. Gorham [Me.]. Born May 4, 1800. 17V' x 17". 5 alphabets. Eyelet
and cross-stitch. Simple border. Conventional design. Mrs. William Tenter
Baldwin, Martha A. 1820. Newark [N. J.]. 8 yrs. 15" x 17". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin,
and cross-stitch. Strawberry and carnation border, with rosettes in lower corners. Cross-
borders in Greek fret and double hemstitching. House, tree, hedge, and flower-bed.
Verse 560. Miss Martha C. Pollock
Bancroft, Eliza A. [1815.] Chelmsford [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 12" x 10". 3 alphabets. Satin,
cat, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge and simple inner border. Mrs. Elizabeth B. Heald
Baecalow, Lydia. 1825. [Butler County, O.] 11 yrs. 10" x 14". 4 alphabets. Outline, stem,
and cross-stitch. Cross-border of trees, also dividing lines in various stitches.
Mrs. Harvey 8. Gruver
Barker, Mary Jane. 1818. Portland [Me.]. 9 yrs. 8" x 23". Outline, chain, satin, cross,
and an odd cluster-stitch. Rose-vine border. Green wreath around verses. Names and
dates of children of "Thomas and Sarah Barker": "Susan M. Barker born at Hiram
Aprilth 3, 1790; Thomas Barker born at Hiram Oct. 27, 1791; died N 3; Sarah Barker born
at Limerick Oct. 18, 1792; Thomas A. Barker born at Cornish Oct. 28, 1794; Pamela Barker
born at Cornish Julyth 17, 1796; Asenath Barker born at Cornish Septh 23, 1798; Sophia
W^4::B
'V-
■I I ■ ' ! i » «»»««»HiW««i
**— Mb— HIIM " ■ — -r^
"'f-
/^ Ipteatnf ffi hfs eyes.
-•i-.^
^SMMiiHySl
PLATE XLIII
Lucy Warner's Sampler. Middletown, Conn. Cir. 1786
Owned l>i/ Mrs. Clarence Weart
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 125
Barker born at Hiram Julyth 10, 1800; Noah Barker born at Hiram Augth IQ, 1802;
Elizabeth P. Barker born at Hiram Augth 27, 1804; Peleg Barker born at Cornish Mayth 29,
1807; Mary Jane Barker and Flavilla Ann Barker born at Hiram Julyth 8, 1809; Caroline
Barker born at Hiram Julyth 29, 1812." [Mary Jane went to Mme. Niel's School in Port-
land with Henry W. Longfellow, hand in hand. They were playmates and near neighbors.]
Verse 515 (1, var.). Mrs. Jesse B. Thomas
Barkes, Sabah E. 1812. 5i" x 14". 3 alphabets. Cross and hem-stitch. Small motifs.
Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Barxhott, Margaret. 1831. 12 yrs. Cross-stitch. Rose-vine border on three sides. At
bottom, church with conventional tree on either side, lawn, fence, shed, animals, and men.
Adam and Eve scene. Scene with tombstone, weeping willow, man, woman, and children,
and initials "R W" and "E B" on stone. Large basket of flowers. Trees with birds
on top, and animals and men and women underneath. Detached flowers, birds, animals,
and angels are scattered all about. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Barnum, Abigal. 1822. 12 yrs. 7" x 10". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Barrett, Charlotte C. 1805. 14" x 11". Chain and cross-stitch. "Family Register: John
Barrett Esq. Born Aug. 16th 1756; Miss Martha Dickinson Born Oct. 13, 1761; and were
married Oct. 29th 1790. Mary Barrett Born July 19th 1791; Eliza E. Barrett Born
Dec. 18th 1792; Martha D. Barrett Born Sept. 12, 1794; Died July 18th 1804; Charlotte C.
Barrett Born Feb. 27th 1796; Sarah P. Barrett Born Dec. 3rd 1804; John Barrett Born
Feb. 21st 1802; Charles Barrett Born Jan. 6th 1804." The Misses Vase
Barrett, Elizabeth. 1814. Doddington. 9 yrs. 12V' x 13". Chain, stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Floral border. Large bunch of flowers in lower half. Verse 306.
Mrs. S. A. Cunningham
Barrett, Elizabeth E. After 1816. 16^" x 12^". Cross-stitch. Rose and vine border.
"Family Register: John Barrett Born Aug. 16th 1756; Martha Dickinson Born Oct. 18th
1761; and were married Oct. 29th 1790. Mary Barrett Born July 19th 1791; Elizabeth E.
Barrett Born Dec. 18th 1792; [ ] D. Barrett Born Sept. 12th 1794; Died July 18th
1804; Charlotte C. Barrett Born Feb. 27th 1796; Sarah W. Barrett Born Jan. 5th 1798;
Louisa W. Barrett Born Dec. 3rd 1799; Died May 24th 1804; John Barrett Jun'r Born
Feb. 21, 1802; Charles Barrett Born Jan. 6th 1804: Died Dec. 2, 1816; Died May ;
Died June 19th 181[-]." The Misses Vose
Bartlett, Elizabeth. 1818. Newburyport [Mass.]. 16" x 10". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. Basket of flowers under an arbor of flowers.
Miss Margaret Bartlet
Bahtlett, Emily. [Cir. 1818.] Born June 28, 1807. 18" x 22". Stem, satin, and cross-stitch.
Fine strawberry border. AVeeping willows over a tomb and urn. Roses growing in the
grass. Names and dates: "Daniel Bartlett, Born August 15, 1778
Jemima Smith, Born June 26, 1785
They were married April 10, 1806 and have issue
Emily Bartlett, Born June 28, 1807
Daniel Bartlett, Born April 7, 1809
Eliza Bartlett, Born March 21, 1810
Adaline Bartlett, Born May 6, 1812
Stephen S. Bartlett, Born August 6, 1816."
On the tomb is inscribed: "Daniel Bartlett Died May 2 1809 Altho dead not forgotten."
Miss E. B. Batchelder
126 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Bartlett, Hannah. 1804. Newburyport [Mass. Born September 25, 1791.]. 13 yrs. 17" x 22".
5 alphabets. Queen, French knot, eyelet, stem, tent, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border
and 8 cross-borders. Scene with shepherd, sheep, and fruit trees. Verse 601 (1, 2).
Newburyport Historical Society
Bartlett, Peggy. 1801. "Haverhill, County Essex." 10 yrs. 12" x Hi". 4 alphabets. Eye-
let, stem, tent, satin, and cross-stitch. Conventional border on sides. At bottom, solid bluish
ground on which strawberries are growing, and on tops of mounds are small trees and
large basket of flowers. Verse 94. Mrs. Richard H. Hunt
Barton, Betsy. 1813. "Bloomsburg, Columbia County, State of Pennsylvania." 12 yrs.
7f " x 10". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Conventional border. Mrs. Frederick E. Barber
Bahton, Bettlah. 1814. "Laurelgrove School. Hannah Barton, Preceptress." 14^" x 14".
Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Rose-vine border at sides. At bottom, green hill with trees,
dogs, and bird. Flowers scattered over whole sampler. Verse 742. Mrs. Richard H. Hunt
Barton, Harriet. July 4 [1809. 9 yrs.]. " Shirleysburgh." 7i" x 17". Cat, buttonhole, and
eyelet-stitch. 2 alphabets. Strawberry border. A curious medley of eyelet stitches, wavy
lines, bars, and an urn done in black, green, and yellow. The effect is that of a lot of
Indian signs. W. J. Kennedy, Esq.
Basset, Rachel. [Cir. 1807.] 12 yrs. 8" x lOJ". 1 alphabet. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Geometrical designs in border. Geometrical design in center, and on each side a
branch with fruit. Mrs. Henry J. Irick
Bassett, Elizabeth. 1802. 11 yrs. 12^" x 17f". 3 alphabets. Flat, eyelet, tent, queen, and
cross-stitch. Conventionalized carnation border. Cross-lines in different stitches.
Frances D. Smith
Bates, Parley. 1824. 13 yrs. 16" x 17". Chain and cross-stitch. Family Register: Nathan
Bates, born April 7, 1773; Parley Ballou, born July 9, 1778; married June 4, 1797;
Varnum G. Bates, born Feb. 28, 1798; married Dec. 2, 1821; Whitman Bates, born Jan. 21,
1800; died Dec. 21, 1802; Cal/an Bates, born July 5, 1802; Married Nov. 24, 1824; Whitman
Bates, born Mar. 9, 1805; married Dec. 13, 1827; Julia Bates, born Oct. 9, 1807; married
Aug. 14, 1827; Parley Bates; Nahum Bates, born Mar. 6, 1811; William W. Bates, born
Nov. 15, 1813; Sylvia W. Bates, born Dec. 15, 1818. Francis H. Anthony, Esq.
Bayley, Mary King. 1810. Boston [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 8" x 18". Alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Greek fret design. Essex Institute
Baylies, Amelia F. July 26, 1826. [Born in 1817.] Taunton [Mass.]. 16V' x 16i". 3 alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch. Conventional border. Verse 786. Mrs. William Brewster
Beach, Anna Maria. 1825. 9" x 8". 3 alphabets. Cat and cross-stitch.
Miss Anna M. Scholfield
Beach, Eliza. [1812.] 10 yrs. 10" x 7". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Miss Anna M. Scholfield
Beakes, Lydia. [Cir. 1804.] Trenton. [Born April 3, 1791.] 17^" x 12". 3 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Chain design in border. Small basket of flowers and 2 darning designs.
"Remember thy Creator," etc. Verse 511 (1). Miss Anna Morgan Rossell
Beall, Harriet. 1801. Georgetown [D. C.]. 3 yrs. 16" x 22". Stem and buttonhole-stitch.
"A chart of the World." Jane E. Beall
Bean, Mary A. After 1820. Brookville [Mass.]. Born August 21, 1807. 17^" x 25". French
knot, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Trees, birds, and baskets of flowers. Family record:
PLATE XLIV
Mary Traill's Sampler. Marblehead, Mass. 1791
Owned by Mrs. Fletcher Hodges
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 127
"Simeon Draper, born March 27 1755. Mary Lewis born Jan. 29, 1770. Were married
August 24, 1785. Their Children: Abagail born March 12, 1787; Betsy born Sept 6, 1789;
Henry born June 10, 1790; Lorenzo born Mach 27, 1792; Horace born Jan. 30, 1794;
Mary born Dec. 5, 1796; Sophia born Feb. 14, 1799; William F. born April 2, 1801;
Francis born Dec. 26, 180 ; William B. born Feb. 15 1804; Simeon born Jan 19, 1806;
Mary A. born Aug. 21, 1807; Benjamin H. born May 9, 1810; Sally A. born Feb. 27,
1812; Joshua born Sept. 3, 1814; Theodore E. born June 15, 1816; Abagail died July 27,
1788; Mary died June 16, 1800; William F. died June 20, 1801; Francis died Dec. 30,
1802." .. Miss S. Ross
Beckwith, Ann Sophia. 1829. "Poplar Grove." 11 yrs. 3 alphabets. Petit-point, satin,
and cross-stitch. Solid cross-stitch border. House in a valley, with trees on the hillsides,
name "Poplar Grove", and poplars on left. Illustrated. The Emma B. Hodge Collection
Bedford, Mary Axx. 1817. 13 yrs. [Born at Old Boonton, Morris County, N. J., August 9,
1804.] 8" X 10". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Border in point design.
Miss Frances A. Force
Beecher, Sarah P. 1822. New Haven [Conn.]. 9 yrs. 20^" x 17|". 7 lines of alphabets.
Cross-stitch and single-stitch. Carnation border. Cross-borders. Verse 467.
Mrs. H. Croswell Tuttle
Benxett, Axx Margaret. 1820. Charleston [S. C.]. 17" x 22". 4 alphabets. Split, flat,
satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge with Greek fret border, with stars in
corners. Baskets of flowers and stars. "We are in nothing more unhappy than in not
being truly sensible of our own happiness in the favor of God under free and easy admin-
istration" ". . . . according to the real want of advantage of a liberal Education".
Verse 120. Miss Anna Bell Bruns
Bennett, Hannah. [Cir. 1811.] Born at Hubbardston, July 27, 1800. 17" x 12". 4 alphabets.
Catch, darning, chain, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border across middle. Satin-
stitch border in a variety of designs. Sea with boats in one section at bottom, name and
date in middle, and carnation, bird, hen, and cat in the third. At the bottom, darning
stitches. Verse 292. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Bennett, Jane. 1813. Bridgeton [Cumberland County, N. J.]. 8 yrs. 12V' x 17*". 4 alpha-
bets. Eyelet, stem, satin, tent, queen, and cross-stitch. Strawberry and Greek fret borders.
Urns of flowers. "Jane Bennett did this work in the 9th year of her age 1813 being the
38th year of American Independence Modesty is one of the chief ornaments of youth.
A Contented mind is an inestimable treasure." Verse 736. Initials: "J B" [Jeremiah
Bennett], "J B" [Joanna Bennett, nee Fish, mother], "R S B" [Ruth S. Bennett,
sister], "M B", "J B" [Jeremiah Bennett, brother], "S F B" [Samuel Bennett,
brother], "J B" [Jane H. Bennett]. Cumberland County Hist. Society, Bridgeton, N. J.
Bentham, Maby Ann. 1820. [Charleston, S. C] 8 yrs. lOi" x 16". 2 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Scroll cross-border. Rose bush in bloom, with tree on each side; bird on mound
on each side of trees. 3Iiss Leila Waring
Bentham, Mary Ann. 1830. 22" x 23". [Charleston, S. C] Satin, stem, eyelet, and cross-
stitch. Carnation border. Tree in a basket; moss roses in an urn; tree in center, with
flowers; design repeated. Miss Leila Waring
Berr, Sarah Montgomery. 1804. 10 yrs. " Only child of William and Sarah Berr." 22" x 19".
Petit-point, eyelet, satin, stem, and cross-stitch. Carnation and tulip border, alternating.
At bottom, house with four steep terraces; path in front; barn, fence, and trees flanking
house; variety of trees surmounting each terrace edge; man and two ladies with animals
128 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
on lawn. Conventionalized carnations in vases on either side of picture. Basliet of fruit
on either side of verse. Wreath around name, age, etc., and trees on either side; tiny
birds in each corner. Verse 343 (1, var.). Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Berry, Betsy. 1802. Rye [N. H.]. 12 yrs. 8" x 18". Alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Cross-border of flowers and vines. Hannah M. W. Merrill
Berhy, Sarah. 1813. 13 yrs. 12" x 12". Cross-stitch. Scroll design in border. Conventional
scroUs and flowers in cross-borders. Verses 488 (var.), 737. Robert P. Jordan, Dealer
Bethlem, Lucy Green. September 6, 1804. 9 yrs. 11^" x 4|". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Narrow hem with simple border in cross-stitch. Maltese cross. "Let Virtue be thy guide."
Mrs. H. E. De Yermand
BiCKFORD, LovEY. 1800. 8 yrs. 8*" x 12". 2 alphabets. Tent and cross-stitch.
Mrs. George C. Fraser
Bier, Sophia Catherine. 1810. 17^" x 22". French knot, eyelet, stem, tent, satin, and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. 4 alphabets. Verse 722. Mrs. Miles White, Jr.
Billings, Susanna. 1805. 11 yrs. 16^" x 21". 2 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch.
Greek fret border; inside border, vine with flowers issuing from flower-pots in lower
corners. House in center; trees; basket of flowers and birds above house. Verse 410.
William B. Thayer Memorial Collection, University of Kansas
Bingham, Mary Sprague. 1823. Andover [Conn.]. 10 yrs. 15" x 15". 3 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Simple border. Trees, birds, and baskets of fruit. Mrs. Lathrop C. Uarper
BiNNS, Martha E. 1829. [Silver Hall, New Kent County, Va.] 18" x 17". 4 alphabets.
Cross-stitch and eyelet. Strawberry border. At bottom, Greek key, vine, and cross.
Mrs. F. B. T. Hollenberg
Bissets, Eliza. 1817. lOi" x 13". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border.
Mrs. George Plimpton
BixBY, Jane. July the 1 [1812]. 13 yrs. 15*" x 21". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch.
Floral border. Small flowers. Names and dates: "James F. Bixby, Born September 10,
1784; Sarah Bixby Born November 6, 1786; William Bixby, Born February 6, 1788;
John Bixby Born September 18, 1789; Thomas Bixby, Born May 12, 1791 and died
November the 30 1793 aged 2 years; Phebe Bixby, Born April 30, 1793; Polly Bixby,
Born January 11, 1796; Thomas Bixby, Born October 15, 1797; Jane Bixby, Born Febru-
ary 1, 1799; Parker Bixby, Born April 9, 1801; Lydia Bixby, Born August 12, 1803."
Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Black, Rebecca. 1803. West Town School. [Born in 1792.] 13" x 13". 5 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Vine border. Verse 406. Elizabeth Butcher Page
Blackhall, Ann. 1817. 10 yrs. 11" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Flower-pots, flowers,
lions, birds, and strawberry, done in crewel. Fitchburg Antique Shop, 1917
Blanchard, Adeline. 1813. [Billerica, Mass.] 8 yrs. 10^" x 13V'. 4 alphabets. Rose border
at top and bottom, and vines on sides. Chain, flat, satin, and cross-stitch. Verse 162 (1).
Miss Adele Blanchard Randall
Blanchard, Adeline. August, 1817. [Billerica, Mass.] 11 yrs. 17i" x 17i". 3 alphabets.
Chain, flat, satin, cross, and hem-stitch. Rose border on three sides. House in center and
flowers across top. Family record: "Jeremiah Blanchard born July 10th, 1764; Mary Gowen
born July 22nd, 1769; Married June 17, 1776; Jeremiah Bhinchard, junr, born January 29,
1797; John G. Blanchard born January 30, 1799; Mary Blanchard born September 7, 1801;
I
PLATE XLV
Eliza Cozzexs's Sampler. Providence. 1705
Done at Miss Polly Balch's School
Oxcned by the Rhode Island School of Detif/n
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 129
Sophia Blanchard born November 27, 1803; died June 22nd, 1816; Adaline Blanchard born
December 8th, 1805; Catherine Blanchard born June 2th, 1810; Rhoda Blanchard born
February 19d, 1815; died May 5th, 1817." Miss AdMe Blanchard Randall
Blatchford, E. Jane. June 8, 1814. [Lansingburgh, N. Y.] 8 yrs. Born November 23, 1805.
20i" X 16V'. 6 alphabets. Eyelet, flat, and cross-stitch. Names and dates:
"Samuel Blatchford, August 1, 1767. [father]
Alicia Blatchford, Nov. 19, 1767, [mother]
[Children]
Henry Blatchford, Dec. 4, 1788.
Mary M. W. Blatchford, Jan. 24, 1790.
Alicia W. Blatchford, Feb. 14, 1791.
Sarah Blatchford, April 23, 1792.
Samuel Blatchford, May 3, 1793.
Thomas W. Blatchford, July 20, 1794.
Harriet P. Blatchford, Oct. 25, 1795.
Samuel M. Blatchford, Jan. 5, 1797.
R. Milford Blatchford, April 23, 1798.
John Blatchford, May 24, 1799.
Sophia Blatchford, Aug. 21, 1800.
Frederick Blatchford, Dec. 7, 1801.
George Blatchford, Jan. 7, 1803.
Charles B. Blatchford, Sept. 6, 1804.
E. Jane Blatchford, Nov. 23, 1805.
George E. Blatchford, Aug. 1, 1807.
Edgecumbe Blatchford, March 24, 1811."
3Irs. Alicia Blatchford Judson
Bliss, Rebecca. 1824. [Marblehead?] 8 yrs. 10^' x 17V'. 4 alphabets. Stem and cross-
stitch. Strawberry and clover borders. Flower. "O virtue how amiable thou art". Verses
515 (1, var.), 645. Marblehead Historical Society
Bliss, Sarah Ann. 1823. 12 yrs. 12" x 16V'. 4 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch. Border
in conventional clover leaf. Verses 188, 601 (1, 2). Marblehead Historical Society
Blood, Lucinda. 1816. Concord [Mass.]. Born November 18, 1805. 11 yrs. 16" x 16".
3 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Conventional border on sides and across top.
At bottom, two houses, with flowering shrubs between and vines at the side. Verses 308,
691 (var.). Miss Helen A. Whittier
Bloomfield, Eunice. 1803. "Weston School." 13^" x 13V'. Cross-stitch. Conventional
border, with roses at corners. Groups of flowers. Initials of schoolmates in wreaths.
["West Town School"]. Eleanor A. Bloomfield
BoLLER, Harriot. 1802. 10 yrs. 9V' x 12". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Saw-tooth
border and cross-borders. Verse 248. Mrs. De Forest Danielson
Bond, Joann. 1810. 12 yrs. 19" x 21". 6 alphabets. Bird's-eye, stem, French knot, satin,
and cross-stitch. Double strawberry border, with inside border in chain pattern. Vine
and flowers on either side of upper half, and a weeping willow tree on either side of lower
half. Verse 718. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Booth, Fannie. 1807. 9 yrs. 11" x 6V'- 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Charles F. Smith, Esq.
130 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Booth, Mary. 1814. 10 yrs. 18" x 18^". Cross-stitch. Border of fern and autumn leaves,
foxgloves, and roses. Basket of flowers. Verse 160. Mrs. John H. Hall
BoRTON, Lydia. 1811. 12" X 16". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Basket of
fruit, pair bluebirds, basket of flowers, rose, 3 carnations, tulip plant, rosebuds, urn with
3 flowers. Initials: "R L E". Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
BoswoHTH, Angelina. 1818. 11 yrs. 8" x 10^". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 88.
Miss Emeline B. Butts
BouDiNOT, Julia. April 23d 1800. 10" x 7V'. Twenty-five parallelograms of darning-stitch,
imitating damask. Mrs. Theodore Weston
Bourn, Celia Sophia. 1822. 12 yrs. 16" x 17". 3 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch. Straw-
berry border. House. Verse 121. Mrs. J. F. P. Lawton
BowEN, Rachel S. 1818. [AUoways Creek Township, Salem County, N. J.] 12^" x 13^".
Alphabet. Outline, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Vine border with Oriental design. Willow
tree at bottom. "Behold fond man thy pictured life". Verses 119, 448.
Richard W. Ware, Esq.
BowEN, Sahah. 1824. 14 yrs. 17" x 16". 4 alphabets. Cat and cross-stitch. Strawberry
border. Verse 563. Old Ladies' Home, Providence
BowER, Mahy. 1808. 18" x 16". Cross-stitch. Double carnation border.
Mrs. Lathrop C. Harper
Bowie, Elizabeth Susannah. 1800. [Howard Grove or Mulberry Hill, Anne Arundel County,
Md.] 15 yrs. Chain and cross-stitch. Map of Maryland. Allen Bowie Howard, Esq.
BowKEH, Lauha. 1817. 11 yrs. 21V' x 17". 2 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Floral
border. Landscape with trees, woman, lambs, and gigantic basket of flowers. Woman's
face painted on paper and glued on. Some of trees are embroidered in chenille. Lambs
are cut out of kid and pasted on. Illustrated. Verse 515 (1, var.). Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Bowman, Harriet Carpenter. [Cir. 1820.] Cambridge [Mass.]. Born August 25, 1811. Cat,
stem, and cross-stitch, and drawn-work. 3 alphabets. Bands of cross-stitch and straw-
berry vines. Large white house with a porch at either end, with weeping willows; barn
and poplar trees. Verse 703 (1, 3). Mrs. B. Percy Mincher
BowNE, Elizabeth. 1805. [Near Trenton, N. J.] 11 yrs. [Born September 2, 1794.]
12" X 17". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, cross-stitch, and other stitches. Rose border. Crown,
stars, and dogs at bottom. Mrs. Henry P. Mason
Boyd, Catharine Willsey Van Cleve. 1829. Born May 30, 1819. "Made at Mrs. Haywood's
School, Hackensack." 13V' x 14V'- 3 alphabets. Cat, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Vine
border. "Honor thy Father and thy Mother that thy days may be long . . ." "Dilligence,
Industry and proper improvement of time are material duties of the young and the
acquisition of Knowledge is one of the most honourable occupations of youth." "Remem-
ber thy Creator in the days of thy youth." Verse 94 (var.). Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Boyd, Margaret. 1827. Baltimore [Md.]. 7 yrs. 18" x 18". Cross-stitch. Vine border.
Basket of flowers. Landscape on either side under verse. Below, larger landscape.
Verse 515. Mrs. Bertram North Stump
BoYNTON, Abigail L. 1810. Newbury [Mass.]. 10 yrs. Born August 19, 1800. 8" x 8".
3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Cross-borders of vine and strawberry.
Charlotte M. Smith
PLATE XLVI
Lydia Stocker's Sampler. 1798
Oumed by Mrs. Ilenry E. Coe
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 131
Brace, Mary. 1809. Salem [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 18" x 20". 2 alphabets. Chain, stem, satin,
cross, and hem-stitch. Border of spreading vine, with vase at lower corners. Pillars with
double arch, also Horn of Plenty and vine with various flowers. Verse 515 (var.).
Mrs. Charles W. Ward
Bradford, Anna. "September the 8, 1811." Plymouth [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 17V' x 17*". 2 alpha-
bets. Two-sided line-stitch, flat, eyelet, stem, and cross-stitch. Border in conventional
design of diamond and octagon-shaped units around three sides, with festoon of knots
and tassels across the top. Basket with flowers, trees and birds, at bottom. Verses 673,
725. Miss Bertha Sumner Johnson
Bradford, Maria. 1828. Providence [R. I.]. 9" x 13". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. "The
United States of America, The Eden of the World and the Best of the Nations."
Mrs. William C. H. Brand
Bradford, Nancy. 1817. Charlestown [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 17" x 20". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Honeysuckle border. "Youth is the time for Improvement and Instruction." Verse 754i.
Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Bradford, Sarah Greenotjgh. 1802. 12" x 14". 2 alphabets. Satin, stem, and cross-stitch.
Rose border, with bowknot in center at bottom. Verse 144.
Bradley, Rebecca L. 1807. 9 yrs. 2" x 2^". 3 alphabets. Vine border, with leaves and
flowers in corners. Verse 203. D. A. R., "Spalding House," Lowell
Bradway, Sarah. 1820. [Port Elizabeth, Cumberland County, N. J. Born in 1809.]
13" X 20". 5 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Border of vine and buds.
Vase with flowers. Verse 511 (1). Mrs. Elmer Oriscom
Braithwaite, Emma. 1809. 7 yrs. 20" x 16V'. French knots and cross-stitch. Vine border.
Scene with houses, trees, bushes, lambs, dog, etc. Verse 425. Mrs. Frank Thompson
Brannum, Almira Bates. 1828. "Groton Female Seminary." 9 yrs. 19" x 18". 5 alphabets.
Flat, eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Rose vines rising out of cornucopias at the side.
Groton Historical Society
Brannum, Mahy Eliza. 1825. "Groton Female Seminary." 10 yrs. 19" x 18". 5 alphabets.
Flat, eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Rose-vine border. Groton Historical Society
Bray, Susan. 1809. 17^" x 171". Outline, fine and heavy cross-stitch. Border of floral and
geometrical designs. Cornucopia of flowers. Trees and birds, sprays of carnation and
bluebells. Verse 426. Family initials. Wilmer Moore, Esq.
Brickett, Abigail T. September 27, 1827. West Newbury [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 16" x 17".
5 alphabets. French knots, stem, satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Border of vines rising from
vases at lower corners, with roses and other flowers at top. Grass, trees with fruit, basket
of flowers, etc. Verse 692. Mrs. Lizzie Huntington Sargent
Bridges, Delia. 1820. [Warren, Mass.] 12 yrs. 16" x 18". 2 alphabets. Satin, cross, and
hem-stitch. Vine border. Divided into sections; 1st, alphabets and numerals; 2d, trees,
birds, and dogs; 3d, trees, birds, two houses, basket of flowers; 4th, trees, flowering plant,
birds ; 5th, trees, birds, lions, and name-plate in center. Mrs. William N. Eaton
Brierly, Betty. 1826. 18 yrs. 26" x 26". Blue linen. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border.
In center, reproduction of Solomon's Temple, surrounded by various kinds of trees and
sprays of flowers. Verse 567. Mrs. Renwick C. Hurry
Brierly, Sally. 1828. [Delaware.] 15 yrs. 20" x 22". Blue linen. Satin and cross-stitch.
Triple strawberry border. Two jardinieres in lower corners with tulip plants, and tulip
sprays in between. Just above, church flanked by birds on branches. Verse in upper half,
flanked by conventionalized rose sprays and flowering trees. Verse 484. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
132 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Bbiggs, Anna. 1802. Scituate. 9 yrs. 12^" x 17". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin, cross,
and hem-stitch. Conventional cross-stitch border. House with fence, trees, and bushes.
Verse 609. 3Iiss Antoinette Clapp
Bbiggs, Elizabeth. 1805. Salem [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 3 alphabets. Satin-stitch made with
crinkly silk, couching, French knot, stem, eyelet, split, and cross-stitch. Vine border, with
flowers starting from vase in center at bottom and ending in large conventional blossom
in center at top ; the whole border is solid satin-stitch. Bird on either side of blossom at
top. Verse 40 (var.). Essex Institute, Salem
Briggs, Lauhentia. September 11, 1801. Pembroke [Mass.]. 9 yrs. Born September 20, 1792.
8" X 12 J". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Cross-border. Miss Adeline Collomore Young
Bhiggs, Sarah Ann. 1828. Dighton [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 15" x 17*". Cross, satin, stem, eyelet,
tent, and two-sided line-stitch. 3 alphabets. Verse 279. Mrs. Albert Paull
Briggs, Sarah Jacob. 1805. 10 yrs. 13" x 16^". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. House, fence,
garden, and trees. Verse 269. Mrs. Charles J. White
Brigham, Susan B. 1814. Grafton [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 11 V' x 12". 3 alphabets. Flat and
cross-stitch. Flowering-vine border. Albert C. Bates, Esq.
Brooks, LtJciNDA. 1816. Gloucester [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 8" x 10". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, cross-
stitch, and solid embroidery. Greek fret border, with hemstitched edge. Verse 166.
Mrs. W. R. Beecher
Brooks, Lucinda. 1821. 16" x 16]". Cross-stitch, hemstitch, and solid embroidery. Hem-
stitched edge and Greek fret border. Large bunch of roses in right-hand corner. "Mar-
riage Certificate between Reuben Dade and Lucinda Brooks, She, 16 yrs, He 22 yrs."
"Mutual happiness our mutual object."
"May the cares that bind the covetous never disturb our peace."
"May we yield therefore one to another and be equally yoked together in the com-
mand of God. May neither of us seek bfisely to throw an undue weight on the
others shoulders. Suffer no interference from any other to interrupt our har-
mony. We are connected for life- — nothing can separate our fate in this world.
Oh let nothing divide our affections. May we regard each other with the fullest
confidence — the least spark of suspicion from either might forever blast the
comfort of both.
There can be no harmony where there is no faith."
Verse 166. Mrs. William R. Beecher
Brouse, Eleanor. 1816. [Hillsboro, O. Born in Berkley Springs, Va., March 8, 1803.]
18" X 17". 6 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Vine and flower border. House with pump at one
side, also trees, birds, and a number of conventional designs. Mrs. Charles P. Lesh
Brown, Abigail. 1821. Seabrook [N. H.]. 10 yrs. 12" x 18", 5 alphabets. Eyelet, chain,
stem, French knot, cat, flat, solid stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Cross-border. At bottom,
scroll, rose and vine, with conventional designs of trees, pyramids, and basket of flowers.
Verse 763. Dr. A. B. Chase
[Brown, Ann Carter.] Providence [R. I.]. 5" x 10". 6 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Hon. John Carter Brown Woods
Brown, Anna. 1804. Dover [N. H.]. 8 yrs. Born May 19, 1796. 13" x 15". 3 alphabets.
Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Conventional strawberry border with flowers in corners.
Verse 685. Miss Anna H. Hoxvell
PLATE XLVII
SusAX Lehjian's Sampler. Philadelphia.
Owned by Mrs. Charles Schiiffer
1799
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 133
Browk, Elizabeth. 1813. Seabrook [N. H.]. 11 yrs. 9" x 7^". 2 alphabets. Hemstitch,
eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Double hemstitched border with cross-stitch inside. Greek
fret border at bottom. Mrs. George L. Greene
Brown, Elizabeth A. 1826. 10 yrs. 11*" x 18". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek fret bor-
der. Verse 787. A. Stainforth, Dealer, 1917
Brown, Elizabeth M. 1818. [Hartford County, Md.] 16^" x 15V'. Alphabet. Solid stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Wide border with roses, pineapples, and trees with birds. Verse
757. Mrs. John Butterfield
Brown, Martha. 1829. 11 yrs. 8" x 17". 3 alphabets. Cat and cross-stitch. Cross-borders.
2 baskets of piled fruit. A. Stainforth, Dealer, 1917
Brown, Nancy. 1808. 10 yrs. 16" x 19". Alphabet. Satin and cross-stitch. Cornucopias at
lower corners, out of which rise vines with roses, tulips, strawberries, etc. 2 trees at top.
Verse 503. Mrs. H. Russell Perkins
Brownell, Mary Ann. 1816. 11 yrs. 16" x 17". 5 alphabets. Flat and cross-stitch. Straw-
berry border. Verse 245. Mrs. Boswell B. Burchard
Brownell, Pamela. 1803. Westport [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 9^" x 17". 5 alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Conventional designs in border of squares and trefoils, also cross-border of
the same. Verse 343 (1). "Westport School". Mrs. S. Frank Eammett
Browning, Rebecca T. 1825. 7" x 14V'. 4 alphabets. Queen, flat, stem, and cross-stitch.
Cross-border. Flowering trees, birds, and dog. Mr. Joseph C. Street
Brownrigg, Mary Ann. July 18, 1805. Warrenton [N. C.]. 8 yrs. 15" x 12". 2 alphabets.
Fine cross-stitch. Conventional borders. Birds, trees, and various decorations. Verse
411a. James Hardy Dillard, Esq.
Bryant, Cynthia. 1815. Lexington [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 11" x 16". Born October 7, 1806.
Satin, stem, and cross-stitch. 3 alphabets. Simple cross-borders. Strawberry plant, bird,
insect, and conventional designs. A. Cynthia Shurtleff
Bryant, LusANNA Tucker. 1815. Lexington [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 11" x 16". 3 alphabets. Stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Simple cross-stitch borders. Spray of strawberry blossoms and
leaves, with bird and bee in opposite corners, also small designs on each side. Conventional
flowers across top and bottom. Mrs. Charles C. Goodwin
Bryant, Mary. 1812. Portland [Me.]. 4 alphabets. Satin, eyelet, stem, buttonhole, and cross-
stitch. Rose border. Verse 144 (var.). Boss E. Maynard, Dealer
Bryant, Mary P. 1815. Boston, Mass. 10 yrs. 10" x 13". 2 alphabets. Scroll borders.
Verse 749. Mrs. Edward D. Brandegee
Bryarly, Elizabeth. 1812. Winchester [Va. 11 yrs. Born March 4, 1801.]. 18" x 18".
Alphabet. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Border at top of strawberries and at sides of
vine. At bottom, turtle doves, harebells, fuchsias, roses, blackberries, and carnations, also
baskets of fruit. Names of father and mother: "Robert and Sarah Bryarly." Verse 436.
Mrs. Worthington Hopkins
BuDD, Eliza F. 1808. 9 yrs. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border outside and saw-tooth border
on the inside. In center. Mount Holly, N. J., Court House, with terraced steps and lawn,
each terrace surmounted by a pine tree ; birds flying about. Large sprays of carnations in
four corners, and small designs of birds, trees, berries, flowers, etc., on saw-tooth borders,
above and below scene. On the left, Ruth gleans the sheaves of Boaz, and on the right,
David tends his father's flocks. Verses 422, 708. Miss M. Eliza Smalley
134 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
BuFFiNGTOx, Maby. 1801. 9 yrs. 6" x 5i". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Verse 10.
Miss Amey L. Willson
BuGBE, Maky. 1803. [Bristol.] 10 yrs. 11" x 17". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Cross-border. Scroll of flowers and leaves, also conventional flowers in pots.
Verse 526 (last six lines altered). Mrs. Mary Chapman Stetson
Bull, Esther M[eahia]. 1813. Hartford [Conn.]. Satin and cross-stitch. Wreath of vine and
flowers, open at the bottom, where there is a basket of flowers. Sampler filled in with
names and dates of Esther's maternal grandfather's family:
"William Whetten born Dec. 12, 1730.
Margaret Amy Whetten born July 4, 1739.
Were married September 7, 1756.
William Whetten Junr born July 10th, 1757.
Sarah Whetten born June 16th, 1758.
Margaret W^hetten born August 23d, 1760.
Jane Whetten born January 27th, 1763.
William Whetten born June 2d, 1766.
Samuel Whetten born January 6th, 1768.
Mary Whetten born October 23d, 1771.
Ann Whetten born February 3d, 1773.
Joseph Whetten born August 23d, 1776.
William Whetten Sr. died June 7th, 1778.
Margaret Whetten Sr. died April 21st, 1809.
William Whetten Jr. died September, 1801.
Samuel Whetten died 1789.
Joseph Whetten died May 1778."
William W. Huntington, Esq.
Bull, Mabgaeet Ann. April 23, 1811. Hartford [Conn.]. 8 yrs. 10" x 16i". 11 alphabets.
Eyelet and cross-stitch. Cross-stitch borders, in chain design. Verses 431, 433, 631.
William W. Huntington, Esq.
Buxkee, Elizabeth. 1812. 14 yrs. 17^" x 20i". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Border of pop-
pies, tulips, and carnations. Verse 733 (2, var.). Newport Historical Society
BuNTixG, Jane Elizabeth. 1818. 7 yrs. 15" x 10". 3 alphabets. Chain, cat, and cross-stitch.
"Give me o Lord thy early Grace to guide me in the paths of life and fit me for celestial
scenes where Peace and joy forever reign." Mrs. David S. Seaman
Btjedek-, Mary. [Cir. 1814.] Born February 25, 1801. 16^" x 18". Queen, cat, stem, and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. Inn, with swinging sign on post; another house, three storied,
and fences. Bound with tape. Verses 333, 554. Miss Jennie Allen
BuBNS, EuzA. 1808. Gilmanton [N. H.]. 8 yrs. 14" x 17^". 4 alphabets. Stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Saw-tooth border. Vase of flowers, with birds and flowers on either side.
Verse 110. Mrs. Edward V. Shepard
BuEB, Keziah. 1807. 11 yrs. Mt. Holly, N. J. Born July 31, 1796. 18" x 23". Cross and
satin-stitch. Vine and pink satin rose quilling. House, lawn, trees, men and women, dogs,
birds, and flowers. Verse 278a. Mrs. Hervey Muhlenburg Sperry
Bueboughs, L>t)ia. 1809. 9 yrs. and 6 mos. 16i" x 20V'. 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Alter-
nate strawberry, rose, and lily border. Initials: "F B, MR, MB, A R."
Mrs. William Howard Crosby
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 135
BuEROUGH, Lydia. 1814. "Chesterford School." 16" x 26". Stem, satin, and cross-stitch.
Rose-vine border. In upper section, wreath inclosing verse, and on either side detached
sprays of flowers and birds. In lower section, a picture of the Chesterford schoolhouse,
with poplar and willow trees on either side, path directly in front, lawn, fence, small trees
on either side of gate, also swans. Verse 746. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Burroughs, Mary Akn. 1825. "Red Bank School." 10%" x 7". 3 alphabets. Cat, eyelet, and
cross-stitch. Cross-stitch border. Fancy cross-stitch between alphabets.
Miss Annie Middleton
Burroughs, Maryaxn. 1825. 19" x 15", Satin and cross-stitch. Border of roses and rosebuds.
At bottom, rose, carnation, lilies of the valley, tree with birds, etc. In center, rose bush,
vine with flowers, and tulips. At top, two baskets of flowers and two birds.
Miss Annie Middleton
Burton, Abigail. 1829. [Unfinished.] 9 yrs. Trumbull [Conn.]. 12" x 8^", 2 alphabets.
French knot, cat, and cross-stitch. W. G. Bowdoin, Esq.
Butcher, Ruth. 1804. Salem County [N. J.]. 12 yrs. 16" x 15i". 2 alphabets. Outline,
herring-bone, flat, tent, eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Greek fret border with rose-
buds. At bottom, band of Greek fret, trees, strawberries, Greek cross, and birds. Verse
683. Initials: "BB, R B, H B, R B, E B, MB, SAB B." Mrs. John Ogden
Butler, Haxnah. 1812. 13 yrs. 12" x 13". 2 alphabets. Bird's-eye, eyelet, stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Trefoil and scroll cross-borders. Large basket of flowers and butterfly.
Verse 157, Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
BuTMAX, Sally. 1801. [Marblehead.] 1 alphabet. Tulip border. Cross, satin, eyelet, and
other stitches. Man, woman with a fan on either side of a rose bush. Four sheep at the
bottom. Verse 188, Miss Martha D. Howes
BuTTRicK, LucRETiA. 18 — (?), Concord [Mass.]. 12" x 14". 3 alphabets. Flat, satin, and
cross-stitch. Unusual strawberry border. Basket and two trees. Verse 92.
Concord Antiquarian Society
BuTTRiCK, Miriam. [Cir. 1805. Concord, Mass.] 8" x 10". 1 alphabet and part of a second.
Cross and satin-stitch. Scroll and saw-tooth borders, Mrs. W. C. Dunton
BuTTRiCK, Miriam. 1812. Concord [Mass. Ifi yrs.]. Satin and stem-stitch and French knots.
Charity with a child in her arms. Flowering trees. Five Lombardy poplars and three
clipped yews. Farmhouse and fence. Mrs. W. C. Dunton
BuxTOx, Alice. 1805, 10 yrs. 12" x 8", 3 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. Verse 132.
Mr. James W. Craig
Buxton, Lydia. 1814. 10 yrs. 13|" x 14". 3 alphabets. Satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch.
Strawberry border. Cross-stitch dividing lines. Verse 553.
William B. Thayer Memorial Collection, University of Kansas
C , T. \ 1800. 17" X 32", Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Carnation and tulip border,
C , M. y Birds, trees, butterflies, and large conventionalized flower cross-borders. Verse 530,
P 5 E. y Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Caise, Mary H. 1805. [New England.] 9 yrs. 13" x 16". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, flat, chain,
and cross-stitch. Border of unfinished flat-stitch points. Green lawn with rose bushes
and conventional flowers. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Calder, Agnes Elizabeth. 1817, 15" x 11". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Mrs. Ralph V. Hadley
136 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Calder, Olivia Caroline. 1820. Charleston [S. C.]. 13 yrs. 8i"^x 10^". 3 alphabets. Greek
fret border. Cross-stitch. "May I govern passions absolute sway." Miss Marie Lebhy
Caldwell, Sarah S. July 7, 1806. Barre [Mass.]. 15 yrs. 17" x 21". 2 alphabets. Stem
and cross-stitch. Scene with house, barn, fence, trees, birds, owner, American eagle,\and
colored man. Verse 187 (var.). Illustrated. Mrs. W. P. Allen
Caxadey, Claba. 1802. 9 yrs. Stem and cross-stitch. Verse 24 (3, var.).
Mrs. Christine Thayer Calderwood
Canfield, Cornelia C. 1825. New Haven, Conn. 8 yrs. I62" x I62". 5 alphabets. Chain,
satin, and cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Cluster of roses at top. Conventionalized
roses in each corner. Verse 325. Miss Marion Belden Cook
Cableton, Caroline. 1819. "Miss Moody's School." 8 yrs. 14^" x 17". 5 alphabets. Eye-
let, tent, stem, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Basket of fruit, pine tree, jardiniere,
etc., in row at bottom. Mrs. Lathrop C. Harper
Carman, Martha. 1826. Bordentown. 8 yrs. 18" x 18". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. House, trees, birds, and basket of flowers. Verse 480.
Mary F. Wilgus
Carmichael, Almiha Martha. 1829. Born October 21, 1814. Sandlake [Rensselaer County,
N. Y.]. 13" X 13". 3 alphabets. Flat and cross-stitch. Saw-tooth border. At top, house,
pine trees, weeping willows, rose, basket of flowers, etc. Verse 703 (1, var.).
I Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Carson, Ann. July, 1818. Alexandria [Va. 10 yrs.]. Cross and one other stitch. Straw-
berry border. Colonial house, and two cornucopias filled with flowers.
Miss Ursula Carson Greene
Carter, Eliza. 1811. Peterboro [N. H.]. 11 yrs. 17" x 17". 2 alphabets. Stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Vine and cherry border. Verse 33. Mrs. George Plimpton
Carter, Joanna S. 1821. 10 yrs. 16^" x 17^". 2 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Border,
Greek fret and rose vine. Birds, pots of carnations and leaves. Charles S. Henry, 2d, Esq.
Carter, Mary Ann. 1818. Danville [Ky.]. 8 yrs. 17^" x 17". 4 alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Tree, baskets, beehives, bees, butterfly, and dogs. Verse
515 (1, var.). Miss Louisa S. Baird
Carter, Polly. 1828. Killingworth [Conn.]. 9 yrs. 17" x 13^". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Strawberry border. Trees. Verse 40 (var.). Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Cartys, Martha Ann R. [Cir. 1810.] 10 yrs. 17" x 25^". Cross-stitch, eyelet, and tent-
stitch. Acorn border. House, lawn, trees, birds, butterflies, deer, dogs, etc. Verse 716.
Mrs. Siegfried Wachsman
Caey, Hannah. 1821. Newburyport [Mass.]. 10 yrs. Born April 28, 1811. 8" x 8". 3 al-
phabets. Cat and cross-stitch. Abby A. Newman
Case, Clarissa. April 14, 1824. Canton [Conn.]. 10 yrs. Teacher, Miss Lucy W. Case.
13" x 20". 4 alphabets. Cat and cross-stitch. Verses 128 (var.), 187 (var.).
H. W. Erving, Esq.
Chace, Elizabeth. 10 yrs. 21" x 8". 2 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. Verse 342.
3Irs. Daniel Beckwith
Chace, Elizabeth Jones. 1816. 8 yrs. 15" x 11". Cross and stem-stitch. Strawberry design.
Mrs. William C. Greene
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 137
Chadwick, Naxcy. 1811. 13 yrs. 10" x 14". Petit-point, cross-stitch. Conventionalized
carnation border. Landscape with house, trees, man, lady feeding hens, 2 cows lying down,
sheep, dog; and below, large basket with conventional flowers, topped on each side by a
bird and conventional tulip and pot, with carnation on either side. Verse 726.
Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Champion, Anx W. 1816. 8 yrs. 8" x 15J". 4 alphabets. Flat, queen, eyelet, stem, and
cross-stitch. Cross-border. Trees, dogs, flowers, and birds, also initials.
Mrs. Elizabeth Kay
Champxey, Maey Axx. 1822. Roxbury [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 6" x 6". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Hemstitched edge. Elizabeth N. Champney
Champney, Sally. 1801. New Ipswich [N. H.]. 9 yrs. 12" x 12|". 2 alphabets. French
knot, stem, and cross-stitch. Conventional border in scrolls and points, also vine cross-
borders. Fence, flowers, trees, and birds, also large urn holding leaves and flowers, and
on either side a basket of flowers. "May virtue mark my footsteps here. And point the
way to Heaven." Mrs. John H. Morison
Chandler, Sally. [1805.] Bedford [N. H.]. 9 yrs. [Born March 3, 1796.] 18" x 18".
3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Conventional borders. Mrs. Sarah C. Baldwin
Chapel, Mary. 1819. 4 alphabets. "Lydia Sata Lee Instructress." Verse 132 (1, var.).
Alexander W. Drake Collection, 1913
Chapin, Sarah. 1816. 18" x 17". 2 alphabets. Chain, eyelet, stem, and cross-stitch. Straw-
berry border. Verse 603. Mrs. Louis W. Dowries
Chaplik, Eliza C. 11" x 13". Cross-stitch. Verse 64. Groton Historical Society
Chaplin, Harriot. 1803. 13 yrs. lOV' x 12". 2 alphabets. Flat, stem, satin, and cross-stitch.
Three urns, one with flowers and two with fruit. Groton Historical Society
Chapman, Charlotte. 1814. Greenfield, Mass. I75" x 16^". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Strawberry border. Tree, dogs, birds, and baskets of flowers. Verse 647.
Mrs. Arthur Clark Nason
Chase, Mary. 1814. Chester [N. H.]. 11 yrs. 12" x 16". 4 alphabets. Tent, cross-stitch,
and much solid work. Rose and vine border. Verse 609. Jennie P. Hazelton
Chase, Sally. 1800. Saco [Me.]. Born May 10, 1793. 16|" x 18". 3 alphabets. Stem, satin,
and cross-stitch. Conventional border. Elaborate design of flowers and basket. Verse
606 (1). Miss Caroline Manett
Chase, Sally. 1810. [Hopkinton, N. H.] 12" x 16". 4 alphabets. Cat, feather, tent, satin,
herring-bone, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge and saw-tooth border. Verse 182
(1, var.). Arthur Chase, Esq.
[Chattin, Elizabeth. 1813.] Born April 5, 1804 [at Chattinville, near Mullica HiU, N. J.].
16^" X 20". 2 alphabets. Greek cross-border. Squirrel seated on branch eating a nut,
and flanked on either side by large full-blown rose, bud, and green spray. Names and
dates: "The age of Clark Chatin and wife and children he was born July the first 1770.
Anne his wife was born April forth 1780.
James Chattin was born may the 11 1798.
Sarah Chattin was born September the 29 1800.
John Chattin was born february the 5 1802.
Elizabeth Chattin was born april the 5 1804.
Jonathan Chattin was born february the 1 1806.
Benjamin Chattin was born november the 4 1807,
Mary and Anne was born March the 28 1810."'
Clark Chattin Hewitt, Esq.
138 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Cheeveh, Mary A. 1812. 10" x 10". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. C. W. Goodspeed, Esq.
Cheeveb, Mahy a. 1817. Attleborough. 11 yrs. 16" x 17". Stem, satin, and cross-stitch.
Oak-leaf border. Family Register:
"Samuel Blackinton born March 7, A.D. 1753 George Cheever born Oct. 10, 1771
Mehetabel Richards born Nov. 1, 1755 Sally Blackinton born March 7, 1779
They were Married May 23, 1778 They were Married April 27, 1800
Sally Blackinton born March 7, 1779 Samuel B. Cheever born Nov. 18, 1801
Nabby Blackinton born October 26, 1763 George W. Cheever born Augt 19, 1803
Was Married to Henry Maxey Jan. 1, 1806 Mary A. Cheever born Sept. 30, 1806
And Died Dec. 26, 1807 Sally Cheever died 1816"
Samuel Blackinton Died March 14, 1816
"Blessed are the dead that die in the Lord from henceforth. Yea, saith the spirit that
they may rest from their labours, and their works do follow them." Verse 310.
Mrs. Lathrop C. Harper
Cheftok, Maria. 1810. 16" x 18". Satin and cross-stitch. Double strawberry border. Scene
with house, trees, gateway, and flowers. Mrs. Benwick C. Hurry
Chew, Frances. 1808. 8 yrs. 9" x 7^". Cross-stitch. Simple border. Mrs. H. C. Bunner
Child, Harriot. 1802. Roxbury [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 113" x 17^". 6 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Hemstitched on sides, strawberry border at top and bottom, but unfinished. Cross-
borders with birds, animals, trees, fruit, etc. Verse 396. Miss Cornelia P. Stone
Choate, Clarissa. 1821. Essex. 9" x 12". 4 alphabets. Cat, cross, and hem-stitch.
W. O. Bowdoin, Esq.
Church, Sarah Louise. 1824. 5 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Tulip border, and dividing lines
in scroll pattern. Verse 515. Old Dartmouth Historical Society
Clapham, Mary. 1813 or 15. 7^" x 10^". 6 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. "Done this
20th day of March by Mary Clapham for Mary Robertson 1813."
Miss Fanny G. Crenshaw
Clark, AcHSA. 1810. Woodbury [N. J.]. 14 yrs. 17" x 21". Cross-stitch. Flowers and birds.
Names and dates: "Thomas Clark was born the 18th of the first mo. 1767. Achsa Clark
was born the 26th of the first mo 1767 and departed this life the 10th of the fifth mo. 1808.
The ages of their children are as follows: Hannah Clark was born the 18th of the tenth
mo. 1787. Thomas P. Clark was born the 17th of the fifth mo. 1789. Mary B. Clark was
born the 23rd of the fifth mo. 1791. Beulah Clark was born the 25th of the seventh mo.
1793. Achsa Clark was born the Gth of the second mo. 1796. Eliza Clark was born the
2nd of the fifth mo. 1798. Edith Clark was born the 15th of the ninth mo. 1800. Ann Clark
was born the 10th of the third mo. 1804. Achsa Clark wife of Thomas Clark was a Pan-
coast." Miss Eliza W. Knight
Clark, Clara. 1816. Pelham [Mass.]. 12 yrs. Born in 1804. 18" x 18". Alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Cross-borders. Verse 308a. Mrs. Mary A. Fisher
Clark, Sarah. 1811. Bridgeton [N. J.]. 10" x 12". [10 yrs.] 3 alphabets. Chain, queen,
eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Basket of conventionalized fruit; 3 trees on each side;
bird on central tree. Names: "Arthur Clark, Mary Clark [father and mother]; James C
X John C X Susanna C x Elisabeth C x Sarah C x Nicolas C x Thomas D C [children]."
Mrs. I. Smith Beed
Clark, Sarah. 1811. Bridgeton [N. J. 10 yrs.]. 14" x 17". 1 alphabet. Buttonhole, queen,
chain, eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Borders in Greek fret, rose, and conventional
AJVIERICAN SAMPLERS 139
geometrical flower designs. House surrounded with floral design. Verse 432. "Sarah
Clark was born November 10th 1801." Mrs. I. Smith Reed
Clark, Sophroxia. [Cir. 1800.] Southampton [Mass.]. 18V' x 16^". Cross-stitch. 3 alpha-
bets. Flower basket, dogs, trees, and geometrical figures. Edward Clark Bridgman, Esq.
Clarke, Martha Ann. January 22, 1808. [Westmoreland County, Pa.] Born May 21, 1792.
17" X 17". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Figures of children at bottom.
Verse 707. Mrs. W. H. Udall
Clarke, Rachel. 1816. Stony Brook [N. J.]. 18 yrs. Born November 10, 1798. 17" x 21^".
Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Rose border with two carnations. Initials: "C C [Charles Clarke,
father] ; M C [Mary Clarke, mother] ; TFC [Thomas F. Clarke, brother] ; RN C [Robert
N. Clarke, brother]." Verse 558. Charles Clarke Black, Esq.
Clarke, Ruth. 1809. 10 yrs. 17" x 12". 5 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 223 (var.).
E. C. Williams, Esq.
Clarke, Susanka. October 16, 1800. 8^" x 12". 2 alphabets. Petit-point, tent, satin, and
cross-stitch. Conventional tent-stitch border, strawberry cross-borders. Terrace in center,
with urn, 2 baskets of flowers, flower-bed, bird on tree, 2 swallows flying. Verse 46.
Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Cleaver, Haxnah. May 9, 1814. 11 yrs. 14" x 16". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Vine border.
Conventional designs. Verse too faded to decipher. Robert P. Jordan, Esq.
Clement, Hannah Ann. 1823. [12 yrs.] 13" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Mrs. Beulah A. Saunders
Clejient, Isabella. 1812. Philadelphia. About 7 yrs. 6" x 6i". 2 alphabets. Flat, satin,
and cross-stitch. Grapevine border, also saw-tooth border.
The Misses Jennie and Helen Gwynne
Clement, Mary. 1807. Amesbury [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 12^" x 12^". 2 alphabets. Stem, eyelet,
and cross-stitch. Border in stem-stitch. Pointed design at bottom.
Miss Carrie W. Keniston
Cleveland, Mart S. 1828. 14 yrs. 25" x 21". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Realistic straw-
berry border. Verses 94 (var.), 469. Mrs. Charles Cleveland
C[lews], E[lizabeth] A[nn]. 1820? Amherst Court House [Amherst County, Va.]. 4" x 17".
3 alphabets. Great variety of stitches used. Border has been cut off.
Mrs. Clementine Watson Boles
Cloutman, Sally H. 1807. Marblehead [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 16" x 13V'. 1 alphabet. Satin,
stem, and cross-stitch. Rose border. Scene with men, women, dog, etc. Verse 188.
Mrs. Theodore Parker Oooding
Cobb, Esther G. 1813. Springfield [Vt.]. 11 yrs. 16" x 16". 3 alphabets. Stem and cross-
stitch. Border design a cross alternating with strawberry on a criss-cross vine. Urn with
flowers, woman, two large trees, two dogs, two cats, and a bunch of roses at bottom.
Verse 732. Mrs. John DeLoss Underwood
Cocke, Ann Blaws. 1822. Bremo. 10" x 12". 5 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Hem-
stitched border. Mrs. Richard K. Campbell
Coffin, Apphia. 1819. Boscawen [N. H.]. 8 yrs. 17f" x 15i". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry and carnation border. Pine trees on either side at
bottom. Verse 279 (var.). Miss Mary F. Sawyer
140 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
CoFFix, Maey. 1801. Newburj'port [Mass.]. 10 yrs. Cross, satin, flat, and stem-stitch. Saw-
tooth and vine borders. 2 incomplete alphabets. At the bottom a grape arbor, and in
front a lady with a train, followed by a Negro slave holding a parasol over her head.
In the center, a pond with four ducks, a man fishing, and two women under an orange
tree. There are two weeping willows by the pond. Verse 666. Miss Helen Pike
CoHEX, Bella H. October 10, 1806. [South Carolina.] 14 yrs. 1 mo. Cross, eyelet, and satin-
stitch. Rose border. American eagle with pennant, with word "Independence" on it,
surrounded by stars. At bottom, house, tree, two lambs, rose vine, basliets of flowers.
Verse 609 (var.). Mrs. M. C. Hammond
CoiT, Faxxy. 1801. 9 yrs. 7*" x 10". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Simple border. Small
basket, birds, and animals. Mrs. H. C. Bunner
CoiT, Hakbiet. 1829. [New York.] 9 yrs. [Born in New London, Conn.] 16^" x 16^".
Cross, stem, queen, cat-stitch, and petit-point. Carnation and strawberry cross-borders.
2 cornucopias with roses and grapes. Verse 515. Mrs. John Lester Keep
CoiT, SusAX. 1806. 7 yrs. 10" x 11". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 46 (var.).
Mrs. H. C. Bunner
Colby, Elizabeth. 1803. Haverhill, County Essex. 8 yrs. 8" x 9". Trees and urn.
Mrs. G. C. Fraser
Cole, Bbooksey. 1817. Sutton [Mass.]. 14 yrs, 17" x 18". 5 alphabets. Stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Vine border, with carnations and roses. Verse 168.
Miss Mary Lavey Riley
Cole, Caholixe. [Cir. 1800.] Fayetteville [Oneida County, N. Y.]. 9h" x 6i". Eyelet and
cross-stitch. 3 alphabets. Plain border. Mrs. Siegfried Wachsman
Cole, Lauha Mabgaret. 1814. 4 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, stem, and cross-stitch. Strawberry
border. Verse 734. Reported by Mrs. A. A. Lawrence
Cole, Mary Axx. 1816. Providence. 9^" x 10". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Miss Ellen Chase
Cole, Zilpha. 1828. "Carve." 8" x 18". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Borders of Greek fret
and trees. Basket of flowers and other conventional designs.
Fitchburg Antique Shop, 1917
Coles, Mary. 1818. EUisburg School [near Philadelphia]. 22" x 21". Stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Floral border on three sides, with name, date, and small birds in center at top.
At bottom, house, queer conventionalized trees, and small animals. Detached designs of
flowers, baskets, birds, etc., fill in remainder of space. Verse 758. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Collamoee, Adeline. 1829. Pembroke [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 9" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Adeline Collamore Young
CoLLAMOHE, Lauha Axx. 1829. Pembroke [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 9" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Adeline Collamore Young
CoLLExs, Harriot. 1804. 14 yrs. 18" x 16". Stem and cross-stitch. Unusual conventional
flowers in border at top and sides; at bottom, basket of fruit in center, with baskets of
carnations and poppies on either side. Family record: "Friend CoUens born September 16,
1726; Philana Norton born September 12, 1761; Married February 20, 1785. John Collens
born October 1, 1785; Mary Ann Collens born March 21, 1787; William Henry CoUens born
Nov. 3, 1788; Harriot Collens born September 2, 1790; George Lemon Collens born Oct. 23,
1792, George Lemon Collens died Sept. 10, 1793; Sophia T. Collens born Sept. 23, 1794,
died 1795; Sophia Theresa Collens born June 16, 1797; Jonathan Collens born December 19,
1799; Emily Collens born March 6, 1801." Mrs. Henry Eugene Coe
PLATE XLYIII
Mary Hamii.tox's Sampler. Maytown. 1812
Done in Mrs. Welchan's Scliool
Owned by Mrs. Henry E. Cue
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 141
Collins, Ann S. 1801. 17V' x 19". Cross and satin-stitch. Carnation border. Elaborate
rose cross-border at bottom, and also cross-border of roses and tulips. Verses 132 (1, var.),
246 (var.), 359 (1). Mrs. Algernon Sydney Sullivan
Collins, Eliza. 1807. 8 yrs. Verse 606 (1, var.). Names and dates:
"John Collins Born Aug. 80, 1771.
Rebeckah Collins Born May 1, 1773.
Married July 3, 1798
Their offspring.
Eliza Born Mar 3rd 1799.
George Born Mar 23rd 1801.
Caroline W. Born Ap 22d 1803.
Charles Born Aug 8th 1807." Miss Susan Varney
Collins, Eliza M. 1828. 17" x 17". 3 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch. Rose border. House.
Verse 792. The Misses Collins
Collins, Sarah Ann Mahriott. 1824. 9 yrs. 12" x 12". 4 alphabets. Chain, stem, queen, and
cross-stitch. Verse 60. The Misses Collins
CoLQUHOuN, Rebecca Bolling. [Cir. 1800.] Petersburg [Va.]. 12" x 16". 7 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Simple designs. Verse 393. Mrs. James N. Edwards
CoLTON, Betsey. 1807. Hartford [Conn.]. 11 V' x 15". Stem and cross-stitch. Ornamental
cross-stitch border. Large design at bottom of fruits, leaves, etc. Design at top, bow-
knot and festoon of moss roses, buds, and leaves. Verse 277. Names and dates:
"Aaron Colton Born December 5, 1758.
Elizabeth Olmsted Born August 26, 1762.
Married April 6, 1787.
Laura Colton Born May 2, 1788.
Betsey Colton Born March 18, 1794.
Anson Colton Born December 23, 1797.
Nathan Colton Born May 27, 1799."
Miss Bessie Colton Farr
Combs, Abigail. 1820. 15" x 17". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Greek fret border and conventional
strawberry along 3 sides. Design in center of star, fruit, flowers, birds, and animals.
Initials: "SC, AC, EC, RC, SC, MC, LC." Verse 395 (4, var.).
Miss Anna Bell Weatherby
CoMPTON, Hannah B. 1826. Port Elizabeth [Cumberland County, N. J.]. 10 yrs. 17" x 18".
1 alphabet. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Greek cross and Greek fret border. Trees, birds,
flowers, fruits, sprays of strawberries, cats and dogs, urn of flowers, basket of flowers,
crowns, swan, doves, etc., at sides and at bottom. Verse 172. Mrs. Japhet M. Fox
CoMSTOCK, E. 1822. 9" x 11". 3 alphabets. Mrs. C. D. Owen
Cone, Lucinthia. 1808. Westchester [Conn.]. 11 yrs. 9^" x 7". 2 alphabets. Satin and
cross-stitch. Cross-border. At bottom, rosebuds and some large flowers.
Eveline W. Brainerd
CoNGDON, Mary I. 1821. New Bedford [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 5 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Rose border; cross-borders in strawberry, vine, and other designs. Two cornu-
copias, filled with flowers, in center, at bottom. Verse 515.
Old Dartmouth Historical Society
CoNGUox, Rebecca H. 1812. 13 yrs. 11" x 94". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Miss Eliza B. Hazie
142 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
CoNKLiK, Agnes Mary. 1805. Jamaica [L. I.]. 9 yrs. 13" x 16". Trefoil border. House,
tree, and fence at bottom; dog and tree in center. Verse 693 (1). F. C. Thomas, Esq.
CoNovEH, Alice. 10 yrs. 18" x 17". 2 alphabets. Design at bottom, replica of Mechanicstown,
also 2 baskets and lions. Verse 576. Mrs. Renwick C. Hurry
CoNOVER, Sarah Ann. [Cir. 1809.] Born July 8, 1797. 164" x 21". 3 alphabets. Satin and
cross-stitch. Triple strawberry border on sides. Flowers and bird across top and baskets
of fruit and animals at bottom. Scene with Adam and Eve and Tree. " Abraham, Abra-
ham here am I and he said lay not thine hand." Verse 515 (1, var.).
Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
CoNovER, Leah. 1826. 16 yrs. Middletown [now Holmdel, N. J.]. 15" x 18". Made at
Middletown Academy. 1 alphabet. Trees. "Favor is deceitful and beauty is vain, but
a woman that feareth the Lord She shall be praised. Give her the fruit of Her hands
and let her own Works praise her in the gates." Miss Anna Lawrence Crawford
Conway, Elizabeth. 1807. Marblehead, Mass. 11 yrs. 13" x 11". French knot, stem, satin,
and cross-stitch. Basket of flowers with a spray in each corner. Miss F. P. Hammond
Cook, Mary Ann. 1823. Newburyport, Mass. 9 yrs. 6" x 12". 4 alphabets. Flat, satin, and
cross-stitch. Verse 150 (1). Elizabeth B. Myrick
Cook, Mary Maria. 1820. 10 yrs. Born July 16, 1810. 16" x 20". Alphabets. Eyelet, stem,
satin, cross, and flat-stitch. Strawberry border on three sides; cross-borders in trefoil,
heart, carnation, and vine designs. At bottom, weeping willow trees, with tombstone in
center bearing inscription: "Sacred to the Memory of Humphrey Cook who died May 18,
1812 Aged 24." Names and dates: "Humphrey Cook was Born March 21st 1788. Died
May 18, 1812. Harriet Cook was Born August 8, 1790. Mary Maria Cook was Born July
16, 1810. Humphrej' Cook was Born Novr 5, 1811." Verse 315. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Cook, Nancy. 1823. Lyme [N. H.]. 18" x 18". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Border in pointed
design. Large candlestick design. Cross-borders in diamond, candlestick, or flower tree
designs. "S. M." Verse 511 (1). Louise Mears
Cook, Sally. 1809. 14 yrs. 5 alphabets. Verses 155, 286.
Cook, Sarah. 1814. 7^" x 13^". Pineapple border. Scene with house, trees, and deer, also
detached birds, trees, butterflies, large dog, and leopard.
On sale at Walpole Galleries, June 29, 1917
Cooke, Elizabeth. 1818. 16" x 10". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 150.
Mrs. Harold W. Oatley
Cooke, Francis Rebecca. [Cir. 1810.] Schenectady [N. Y.]. Born April 7, 1798. 11^" x 22".
3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Medallion design at bottom. Verse 31.
Mrs. Quincy O'M. Gillmore
Cool, Abigail. 1810. [14 yrs.] Born February 6, 1796. 14" x 14". 6 alphabets. Eyelet, flat,
and queen-stitch in a square. Zigzag border. Verse 128 (1, var.). Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Coombs, Eliza Ann. 1818. Newburyport. 8 yrs. 26V' x 20". Chain, eyelet, stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Flowery hillside. Family record: "The family of Philip
and Ann Jewett Coombs. Philip Coombs was born Dec. 16th, 1779 ; Ann J. Morse was born
May 11th, 1782; (children) Mary, April 6th, 1807; EUza Ann, July 15th, 1809; John,
Sept. 17th, 1812; Philip, July 26th, 1815." Verse 513. Mrs. John F. Pearson
Cooper, Ann P. September 4, 1816. 19" x 23". Cat, outline, stem, tent, satin, and cross-
stitch. Vine border in double outline with flowers and buds. Scene with terrace, flowering
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 143
tree, squirrel seated between limbs of tree, at bottom; in center, green bank with 2 weep-
ing willows. Pleated satin ribbon around sampler, with rosette at each corner.
Mrs. Walter Hunt
Cooper, Martha Ann. 1826. Baltimore [Md.]. 8 yrs. 18" x 20". Split, chain, cat, stem,
tent, queen, satin, and cross-stitch. True lovers' knot with tassels, also carnations with
leaves at top; vine with birds and flowers alternating at sides. House with peaked roof,
two and one-half stories high; large flower urn on one side; flower boxes and cedar trees
on the other side ; front lawn inclosed with panel fence and iron gate. Verse 536.
Mrs. Lewis Stewart Elmer
Copp, Phebe Esther. 1822. 8 yrs. 18" x 24". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Double zigzag and
strawberry border. Trees and rose bushes, also hearts, tulips, etc., scattered about.
Verses 41, 553. National Museum
CoRBix, Jane Virginia. 1825. The Reeds, Caroline County. 12" x 16". 3 alphabets. Eyelet
and cross-stitch. Eyelet border. "Conscious virtue is its own reward."
Fitchburg Antique Shop, 1917
Corey, Sarah. [Cir. 1800.] Born in 1787. 12" x 15". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-
stitch. Conventional border. Vases, trees, flowers, birds, grass, etc.
Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Cornell, Elizabeth Baldwin. 1810. White Plains [N. Y.]. 9 yrs. 12" x 12". Alphabet.
Cross-stitch. Cross-borders of vine, rose, fret, and cross-stitch designs. Beautiful bouquet
of forget-me-nots, jonquils, and roses, also a spray of moss roses, harp in wreath, pot of
flowers, and rabbit. Mrs. Thomas W. Strange
Corning, Patty [Martha Corning]. 1803. Londonderry [N. H.]. 12 yrs. Born July 14, 1791.
17" X 17". 4 alphabets. Chain, eyelet, stem, and cross-stitch. Border in tree and diamond
designs, and outlined with fancy hemstitching. Verse 679. Miss Louisa A. Orbeton
CoHNSTOCK, E. 1822. 9" X 11". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Mrs. C. D. Owen
Cortland, Lucy Maria Randall. 1828. 18" x 18". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Zigzag border.
National Museum
CoRTWHiGHT, Hannah. 1807. [ Wilkcs-Barrc, Pa. Born February 7, 1798.] 9 yrs., 6 mos.,
and 14 days when finished. 7^" x 8;". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Mrs. Robert Miner Abbott
Costill, Rebecca. 1817. li" x 7i". Cross-stitch. Vine border. Flowers and birds.
Louise Burr Taylor
CovELL, Lydia. [Cir. 1808 or 10.] Glastonbury [Conn. Born in 1800.]. 11" x 11". 3 alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch. Greek border. Verse 163. Mrs. Eugene C. Stratton
Cox, SusANA. [Cir. 1802.] "West Town Boarding School." 14" x 13i". [Born in 1785.] Very
fine cross-stitch. 28 designs of flowers, fruit, wreaths, and baskets of fruit and flowers.
Illustrated. Miss Susan P. Wharton
CozzENs, Anne. [Cir. 1804.] Sherborn [Mass.]. 9 yrs. [Born in 1795.] 9" x 12". 2 alpha-
bets. Cross-border. Lines of feather-stitching between rows of letters. Augusta Barber
Crawford, Elizabeth. 1822. Cape May [N. J.]. 8 yrs. 18^" x 15*". 3 alphabets. Eyelet,
outline, and queen-stitch. Silk fringe, vine, and flower design in border. Births of chil-
dren of Jonathan and Hannah Crowell Crawford: "Jonathan and William Crawford were
born May 15th, 1811; Elizabeth Crawford was born July 22nd, 1814, and did this work
April, 1822; Rebecca Crawford was born Sept. 4th, 1818; Barnabas Crawford was born
Aug. 27th, 1820; Sarah Crawford was born May 7th, 1823; Isaac O. Crawford [no date
given]." Mrs. Thomas Stevens
144 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Crawford, Rebecca. 1829. Cape May [N. J.]. 11 yrs. Born September 4, 1818. 12^" x 18".
2 alphabets. Star, eyelet, queen, and cross-stitch. Border of links and diamonds, also
WaUs of Troy. Vine design. Verse 553. 3Iiss Mary Elizabeth Smith
Ckespik, Juli Ann. 1830. West Chester School. 16" x 15". Satin, couch, and cross-stitch.
Strawberry border on three sides. Heart-shaped border of pink rosebuds and leaves in-
closes verse. In center, at bottom, brick house, trees, lawn, etc. In upper left-hand corner,
an aster and rosebud within border ; outside border, in upper corners, are stars. Verse 338.
Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Crocker, Eliza. 1803. "At Mrs. Dobell's Seminary in Boston." 16" x 18". Stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. In center, picture with house and tree in background and two children under
tree in foreground. Picture surrounded by elaborate floral design of roses, carnations,
and tulips. Odd conventional strawberry band above picture, forming sort of arch, sup-
ported by solid cross-stitch pillars. Verses in lower corners and name, date, etc., in upper
corners. Verse 634. Illustrated. Susan P. Peabody
Crocker, Leonice H. 1806. 16" x 20". Eyelet, cat, satin, and cross-stitch. 4 alphabets. Con-
ventional design in border. Verse 412. Miss Lucy G. Peabody
Croft, Sarah Eliza. 1829. Charleston [S. C.]. 9 yrs. 18" x 18". Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Primrose border. Primrose vine and flowers.
"No trees bear fruit in autumn X unless they blossom in the spring X to the end that
our age may be profitable and laden with ripe fruit X l^t us all endeavour that
our youth may be studious X ^^^ flowered with blossoms of learning and ob-
servation."
"Virtue is the greatest ornament of youth, it is the foundation of honor and esteem and
the source of all beauty, order and happiness in Nature. Beauty and wit will die,
learning will vanish away and all the arts of life will soon be forgotten, but virtue
will remain forever."
"The flower of youth never appears more beautiful than when it bends toward the sun
of Righteousness."
Verse 126. Miss Oeorgie L. Gready
Crosby, Elizabeth H. 1812. Born August 12, 1804. 8 yrs. 10" x 11". 3 alphabets. Eyelet,
stem, and cross-stitch. Rose and vine border. Verse 601 (1, 2, var.).
Mrs. Horace N. Fisher
Grossman, Nancy. [Cir. 1823. West Boylston, Mass.] 8" x 10". 3 alphabets.
Miss Pamelia H. Parker
Crowninshield, Maria Louisa. 1825. Salem. 9 yrs. 17" x 17". 4 alphabets. Single, double,
and quadruple cross-stitch. Conventionalized strawberry and leaf design around verse.
"Do as you would be done by." Verses 123, 645 (2). Mrs. Helen Suzette de Gersdorf
CuMMiNGs, Judith. 1805. Topsfield [Mass.]. 13 yrs. 12^" x 151". 2 alphabets. Satin and
cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Rose border at sides and strawberries in center at top and
in each lower corner. Fuchsias and other flowers in fancy vase in center. Pine tree and
grass on each side of vase. Verse 270. Mrs. Horace Plumer
Cunningham, Susannah. [Before 1813.] "August 27th." 14 yrs. 15J" x 18J". 3 alphabets.
Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Conventional design of leaves and flowers in border. Various
designs in cross-borders. Verse 649. Mrs. Andrew C. Wheelwright
Currier, Abigail A. 1830. Newbury, Mass. 19 yrs. 10" x 16". 5 alphabets. Chain, eyelet,
satin, tent, cross, and hem-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Rose border. 14 cross-bands. Roses,
leaves, and bow. Verses 178, 236. [Her hands were lame and every stitch was drawn
through with her teeth.] Newburyport Historical Society
PLATE XLIX
Clarissa Ejiersox's Sampler. Lancaster, Mass.
Formerly owned by Dzviyht M. Prouty, Esq.
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 145
CuHHiEH, Chahlotte. 1806. Methuen [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 12" x 5". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Geometrical designs in border. Rose design at bottom. Miss Bessie M. Swan
CuHRiER, Chahlotte. 1808. Methuen [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 12" x 10". 2 alphabets. Cat and
cross-stitch. Vine border. Miss Bessie M. Swan
CuaRiEH, Sally. 1806. Methuen [Mass.]. Born March 7, 1796. 12" x 10". 3 alphabets. Satin
and cross-stitch. Flat-stitch design in border. Miss Bessie M. Swan
CtJHTis, Elisabeth. 1826. Beverly [Mass.]. 16" x 16". Born August 1, 1815. Stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Border of ivy leaves and berries, also saw-tooth border. Family record:
"Mr. William Curtis was born in Beverly, Mass. Sept. 18, 1792. Miss Betsey Dodge was
born in Wenham Mass. Nov. 25th, 1792. They were married 1812. Mr. Curtis died in Cape
Henry, West Indies, Feb. 17, 1820. Blest be the tie which binds our hearts in nuptial love.
Lucy Ann Curtis born May 3, 1813. Elisabeth Curtis born Aug. 1st, 1815. Mary S. Curtis
Born Nov. 9th, 1817. Abigail Curtis Born Feb. 17, died 20, 1820." Verse 61.
Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Gushing, Jane L. 1825. Hull [Mass.]. 9 yrs. Born December 20, 1816. 12" x 12". 3 alpha-
bets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Triangular design in border. Verse 515.
A. Stainforth, Dealer, 1917
CtJSHiNG, Mary. July, 1820. Hull [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 10" x 9i". 3 alphabets. Petit-point and
cross-stitch. Elaborate vine in the form of a Greek fret in border. Birds, beast, and plants,
A. Stainforth, Dealer, 1917
CusHiNG, Mahy Ann. 1822. Newburyport [Mass.]. 6 yrs. 15" x 16A". 5 alphabets. Eyelet,
satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Cross-borders with heart, Greek key, trefoil,
and triangular designs. Tree on either side of name. Miss Ellen Gilliss Todd
CusHiNG, Nancy. 1816. [Probably Hingham, Mass.] 9i" x 5i". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Two diamonds and one heart. Initials "S C B" in left-hand corner.
Miss Margaret W. Cushing
CuTLEH, Abigail Bigelow. 1808. Rockingham [Vt.]. 8 yrs. 11" x 12". 3 alphabets. Tent,
eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Border of vine and double tent. Verse 615 (1, var.).
Arthur Chase, Esq.
Cutler, Hakriet. 1808. Rockingham [Vt.]. 11 yrs. Born November 15, 1796. 12" x 16".
Cat, eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Conventional border. Verse 279 (var.). Names and
dates: "Samuel Cutler and Jennett Caldwell were married July 15th 1786. Maria Ann and
John Lenox Cutler born April 23rd 1788. James Iredell Cutler born May 20th 1792.
Harriet Cutler born Novr 15th, 1796. Abigail Bigelow Cutler born Jany 7th 1799. Abigail
B. Cutler died March 15th 1806." [All were born at Hartford, Conn.]
Lawrence Brainerd, Esq.
Cutler, Lydia. 1818. Royalston [Mass.]. 11" x 13". 2 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch.
Rose border. Basket of roses and several other flowers. Plants in each corner. Wreath
of roses. Mrs. John Brooks
Cutler, Sophia. [Cir. 1807.] Rindge [N. H.]. Born January 30, 1794. 20" x 17". 3 alpha-
bets. Satin and cross-stitch. Three borders, one of solid work and two in Greek fret.
Verse 511 (1, var.). Mrs. Charles H. Atkinson
Cutler, Sophia. 1801. 8 yrs. 174" x 21". Wide vine border on three sides. Scene with house,
bridge over a river, birds, baskets, etc. Verse 222. The Emma B. Hodge Collection
146 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Daggett, Maria. 1819. Providence [R. I.]. 9 yrs. 17" x 17". 3 alphabets. Stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Rose border. Verse 57. Mrs. Joseph H. Jewett
Daggett, Maby M. 1813. Holmes Hole [Mass.]. [8 yrs.] 17" x 15". 5 alphabets. Eyelet
and cross-stitch. Rose border. House. Verse 94 (var.). Mrs. Rebecca D. Getchell
Dallas, Axx. 1810. Salem [N. J.]. 10 yrs. Born March 11, 1800. 17i" x 22i". 7 alphabets.
Buttonhole, outline, tent, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Vine and strawberry border. Sam-
pler divided into 3 panels, running lengthwise. Designs of blooming plants and buds.
"See that ye fall not out by the way." Verses 54, 82, 511 (1, var.).
Miss Adaline Sinnickson
Daka, Mart. 1812. 10" x 8". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Verse 515. 3£rs. B. Bay Phelan
Danford, Elizabeth Parker. 1805. 16 yrs. 17" x 12". Flat and cross-stitch. 4 alphabets.
Realistic vine border. Verses 220a, 688. Mrs. William Henry Gilbane
Dakforth, Rebecca Brown. 1820. Newbury [Mass.]. 9 yrs. Born January 8, 1811. 17" x 17".
5 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, tent, flat, cat, French knot, satin, and cross-stitch. Trefoil bor-
der. Vase of flowers, trees, lambs, butterflies, and other ornamental designs. Verse 515
(1> var.). Etta T. Lovett
Daniels, Nabby Shilaber. Danvers [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 19" x 25". 3 alphabets. Stem and cross-
stitch. Vine border with tulips, carnations, and marguerites. Vase with flowers and vine
running upward. Verses 40 (var.), 128 (var.).
Miss Annie S. Symonds and Mrs. Frank M. Ooss
Daniels, Sally. 1810. Danvers [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 22" x 24". 3 alphabets. Stem, French
knots, and cross-stitch. Rose and tulip border. Elaborate cornucopia design at bottom.
Verse 515 (var.). Mrs. Lucy F. Caller
Daniels, Sarah P. 1814. Born October 22, 1802. 16" x 20". 5 alphabets. French knots,
chain, stem, satin, double and single cross-stitch. Carnation and vine border. Large basket
in center, holding roses, pansies, tulips, and forget-me-nots; at left, a smaller basket of
fruit; at right, a pitcher with sprays of berries. Verse 609. Sara Adeline Thompson
Dare, Jane. 1821. Bridgeton [Cumberland County, N. J.]. 11 yrs. Born January 11, 1810.
17" x 18". 5 alphabets. Stem, eyelet, queen, tent, satin, and cross-stitch. Saw-tooth bor-
der done in flat-stitch. Sprays of flowers and buds on either side of rectangle inclosing
verse. Verse 319. Initials: "D D [David Dare, father]; R D [Rebecca Dare, mother,
daughter of Jonathan and Mary Fithian] ; E F D [Enoch Fithian, brother] ; S D [Sarah,
sister]; W D [William, brother]; E D; M H D [Mary Hay, sister]; J F [Jonathan
Fithian, maternal grandfather] ; M F [Mary Fithian, maternal grandmother]'; A F [Ann,
daughter of J. & M. F.] ; E F [Elizabeth, daughter]; D F [Daniel, son]; M F [Mary,
daughter] ; J F [Joel, son] ; E F [Emily, daughter] ; M F [Mary, daughter] ; S F [Sarah,
daughter]." Mr. Charles E. Sheppard
Darling, Elizabeth. 1823. Henniker [N. H.]. 11 yrs. 16" x 16". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Border of vine, roses, carnations, and berries, in clusters. Verse
645 (2). Julia B. Park
Davenport, Eliza. 1818. New Bedford [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 16" x 18". 5 alphabets. Stem, satin,
and cross-stitch. Rose border. Verse 104 (2). Francis O. Allen, Esq.
Davenport, Joanna C. 1826. 15 yrs. 16J" x 16V'. Saw-tooth and rose borders. Family
register: "Jereiiie Davenport Born Feb. 1781; Polly B. Davenport Born Aug. 2, 1784.
Were married Sept. 19, 1806 and had the following children: —
1^
^>^/. #
I. '^.-^'^n
,1
I
VS-
1^
■//l'^
4i
<PSE-
1^
*f
PLATE L
Lauka Bowker's Sampler. 1817
Owned by Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Plate fresented by Mrs. Barrett Wendell
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 147
Jereme Davenport died September 19, 1838. Polly B. Davenport died January 1, 1870.
Warren T. & Rufus Born Dec. 23, 1807. Died Apr. 25, 1809.
Jereme B. Born Jan. 28, 1809. Died Apr. 7, 1830.
Rufus W. Born Jan. 30, 1810.
Joanna C. Born Mar. 2, 1811. Died Sept. 13, 1831.
Oliver G. Born April 30, 1812.
Ariel H. Born Nov. 1813. Died Oct. 13, 1871.
JohnN, Born Dec. 10, 1814.
Aaron K. Born Feb. 12, 1816.
Jesse C. Born Mar. 22, 1817. Died May 20, 1863.
Mary Born Aug. 28, 1818.
PhebeJ. Born Dec. 11, 1819,
Jonas Born May 10, 1821.
Joseph C. Born June 2, 1822.
Charles W. Born Mar. 8, 1826.
Abner B. Born May 22, 1827."
[The dates later than 1826 were put in by some member of the family other than Joanna.]
A. Stainforth, Dealer, 1915
Davenport, Lydia. 1800. Dorchester [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 13" x 16". 1 alphabet. Stem, filler,
chain, cat, and cross-stitch. Scene with house, trees, and flowers. Verse 490 (var.).
The Emma B. Hodge Collection
Davis, Abigail. 1820. 19^" x 19^". Queen, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Rose border. Scene
with house, trees, parrots, and flowers. Verse 532. Mrs. Renwick C. Hurry
Davis, Hannah (B.?) 1827. Woodstown [N. J.]. 13 yrs. 2\l" x 2l\". Cross-stitch. Rose
border. Border of flowers, trees, animals, and birds around the verse. Verse 481.
Mrs. Isabella Smith Lippincott
Davis, Lucy Ann. 1808. Newburyport [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 1^" x 8^". 3 partial alphabets.
Satin and cross-stitch. Greek fret border across top. Lucie A. Peabody
Davis, Mara Ann. 1816. [Cumberland County, N. J.] 7 yrs. 6f " x dV'. 2 alphabets. Outline
and cross-stitch. Vine border. Strawberry and Greek cross designs at bottom. Verse 41
(var,). Initials: "J A, LA, R D, M D, AD, ED, AD, ED, LA D."
Mrs. Jonathan W. Acton
Davis, Mary E, 1816. Woodstown [N. J.]. 17^" x 21^". Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Bor-
der of strawberries and sprays of flowers. Urn with flowers, also animals and birds, in
design at bottom. Verse 750. Mrs. Isabella Smith Lippincott
Davis, Ruth. 1817. Cumberland [N. J.]. 11 yrs. Hi" x 13V'. 3 alphabets. Eyelet,
satin, and cross-stitch. Simple line border. At bottom, tree surmounted by bird and
geometrical and floral figures. Verses 41 (var.), 490 (var.), 526 (1). Initials: "R D,
H D, J A, L A, S D, L D, D A D, J W D, W D, R D, A D, I D, S D, L D, G B D,
H W D." Miss Josephine McAltioner
Deacon, Ann [Burr]. [Before 1810.] Weston School. [Born September 22, 1788.] 13" x 14".
Eyelet, stem, and cross-stitch. 18 sprays of flowers around outside; inside, 11 different
designs, baskets of flowers, wreaths inclosing initials, etc. Initials " I D H " stand for John
and Hannah Deacon, father and mother. Gertrude N. Deacon
Deacon, Hannah E. 1816. Weston School, [Born June 14, 1799.] 11" x 11". Flat, darning,
chain, and cross-stitch. Sampler divided into blocks of 7 different designs.
Gertrude E. Deacon
148 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Dealt, Mary. 1806. 7 yrs. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Vines intertwined across sampler.
Addition made to sampler: "She was a blessing here below. An only child of a widow.
Subscribed by Sally Parker." Mrs. Richard H. Hunt
Deax, Catharine. 1813. Charlestown [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 12" x 14". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Vine and rosebud border. Strawberry cross-border. Verse 159. Worcester Art Museum
Dean, Elizabeth. 1806. Taunton [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 14^" x 18^". 5 alphabets. Satin and
cross-stitch. Zigzag border and floral border. Verse 647. Sarah B. Williams
Dean, Mart. 1819. 11 yrs. 11" x 11". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Cross-stitch motifs.
Verse 79. Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Dearth, Elizabeth B. 1825. 13" x 8". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Miss Kate Simmons
Decow, Abigail. 1821. Chesterfield School. 17" x 19". Outline, flat, satin, and cross-stitch.
Rose border with bluebirds, butterflies, and baskets of roses and buds. Large and small
pine trees and rose bushes on strip of green grass. Verse 316. James Linton Engle, Esq.
Decow, Margaret. 1825. Chesterfield [Burlington County, N. J.]. 18" x 16". Cross-stitch.
Strawberry border. At top, five plants in pots; at bottom, scene with house, tree, birds,
and butterfly. Verses 316, 478. Mrs. Margaret T. Engle
Deerixg, Ellen D. 1810. 7 yrs. 17" x 16". 6 alphabets. Eyelet, chain, queen, and cross-stitch.
Mrs. Ellen J. Richardson
Dennett, Elizabeth. 1815. 11 yrs. 8" x 12". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Dennis, Elizabeth. 1822. Salem [N. J. 9 yrs. Born in 1813.] Cross-stitch. Vine border.
Geometrical design in center, containing 2 birds, name and date, trees, flowers, vases, 2 dogs,
and verse. Verse 377. Miss Elizabeth Dennis Holme
Dennt, Adeline. [Cir. 1800.] Leicester [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 17" x 17". 2 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Simple border. Scene with large brick house, one large tree, and two unfinished
trees. Verse 511 (1, var.). Mrs. William Hooper
Dennt, Caroline. 1814. Leicester [Mass.]. 13 yrs. 17" x 12i". 1 alphabet. Satin and
cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge with border of rose design. In center, a large brick house
with road in front. Verse 41 (var.). Mrs. John A. Sweetser
[De Vent, Maria Catherine Elizabeth.] 181 [2]. New Haven. 7 yrs. 8" x 16". 2 alphabets.
Hemstitched edge. Cross-stitch. Howard M. Chapiri, Esq.
Devereux, Mart. 1804. [Marblehead, Mass.] 10 yrs. 1 alphabet. Stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Verse 407. The Emma B. Hodge Collection
Diament, Rosena. 1801. Jones Island [near Cedarville, Cumberland County, N. J.]. 8 yrs.
Born January 11, 1793. 14" x 17". 5 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, tent, queen, and cross-stitch.
Carnation border. Strawberry and baskets of flowers at bottom. Verse 662.
Mrs. Rosena Foster Whitlock
Dick, Maria. [Cir. 1807.] Salem [N. J. About 11 yrs.]. 7^" x IIV'. 2 alphabets. Eyelet
and cross-stitch. Vine border. Initials: "S D [Dr. Samuel Dick, father] ; S D [Sarah Dick,
mother]; R D [Rebecca]; M D [Maria]; J D [Jane]; S D [Samuel]; A D [Anna];
I D [Isabel] ; S D [Sally] ; W D [William], [children of Samuel and Sarah Dick]."
Miss Maria H. Mecum
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 149
DicKiNsox, Ame S. August 28, 1805. Amherst [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 16" x 20". 3 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Trees, mill, basket, hearts. Harriet Carr Loomis
Dickinson, Mahy. [Cir. 1809. Berks County, Pa.] 12 yrs. Born in 1797. 17" x 21". 1 alpha-
bet. Queen, outline, stem, and various other stitches. Elaborate conventional design in
border. Urn with flowers, rosebuds, birds, stars, and sprays of flowers in design at bottom.
Verses 226, 488 (var.). Emily Haines
DiMOND, Ann. 1808. 8 yrs. 12" x 16". Flat and cross-stitch. Red berries falling from top
border and fringe looped across with cord and 3 tassels; large perspective portal look-
ing into a garden, and on either side smaller doors; pine trees and urns of tulips seen
through doors. Scene with brick house, dog on either side, 2 urns, 2 pine trees. Under-
neath, a large windmill, with large bird and squirrel on either side. "The eyes of the Lord
are in every place beholding the evil and the good." Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
DivEBs, Ann. 1813. 13 yrs. 17" x 15^". Verse 363 (2, var.). Mrs. H. E. Oillingham
DocKBAY, Maby. 1829. 17" x 14". 6 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Verses 615,
796a. Mrs. M. F. Cocroft
Dodge, Abigail M. 1824. North Beverly [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 16" x 18". 5 alphabets, French
knot, stem, and cross-stitch. Rose border. Design with large jars of roses and a weeping
willow tree. Verse 471. Miss Alice M. Dodge
Dole, Sabah. 1819. 9 yrs. 16" x 15". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch.
Vine and flowers on either side. At bottom, basket of flowers, with deer and cow on one
side and 2 birds on the other, also trees. Verse 559. Illustrated. Leonard Smith, Esq.
DoBBAXCE, Maby. 1816. Providence [R. I.]. 10 yrs. 12" x 8". 2 alphabets. Chain, eyelet,
cat, and cross-stitch. "Life and immortality are brought to light by the Gospel. Remember
thy Creator in the days of thy youth." Mrs. M. L. D. Aldrich
DoBSEY, Peiscilla Milcah. 1822. EUicott City [Howard County, Md.]. 9 yrs. 17" x 17".
Cross and hem-stitch. Strawberry-vine border. Peacocks, dogs, and crowns.
Mrs. Edward M. Hammond
DoswELL, Maby Elizabeth Pobthbess. 1802. [Va.] 11 yrs. 17" x 17^". Stem, satin-stitch,
and French knots. Strawberry and blackberry border, with fruit and blossoms and a kind
of tiger lily. Bow-knot at top and bottom. In the center, basket filled with different
flowers. "Taught by Mrs. Woodson." /. E. Perkenson, Esq.
Douglas, Angelina. "July the 1, 1823." Wilton [N. H.]. 12 yrs. 18" x 16". Cross, satin,
long and short, and stem-stitch. 3 alphabets. An oval picture of Wilton, with the back of
the church on the right. Verses 627 (1), 771. Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Douine, Margabet. 1826. Charleston [S. C.]. 13 yrs. 18" x 16". 1 alphabet. Eyelet, tent,
stem, satin, cross, and hem-stitch. Strawberry border. Basket of fruit flanked by baskets
of roses; stars at intervals and peacocks in corners. Verse 783. Miss Margaret B. Mure
Dover, Cathobine. 1801. Philadelphia. 8V' x 17^". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, herring-bone, tent,
and cross-stitch. Cross-border. Mrs. William E. Black
Dow, Maby. 1805. [Cumberland County, N. C] 13 yrs. 11" x 13i". 5 alphabets, not all com-
pleted. Eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Vine border with small flowers and a straw-
berry in each corner. At bottom, vines crossing and forming two wreaths. Verse 690.
Miss Nannie MacQueen
150 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Dowx, M. 1828. 16" x 18". 6 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, stem, outline, and cross-stitch. Rose,
carnation, and vine border.
"Family Record"
M T.
John . Down . was . born . november . th . 2 . A.D. 17T7
Amy . Down . was . born . sePtember . th . 1. A.D. 1782
Mariah . Down . was . born . Jmie . th . 2. A.D. 1803
Mary . Down . was . born . November . th . 1. A.D. 1813
Charity . Down . was . born . July . th . 16 . A.D. 1816
John . W. Down . was . born . may . th . 1. A.D. 1824
Amy Down deParted this life October . th . 4 A.D. 1828.
E T"
Verse 187 (var.).
Mrs. William D. Frishmuth, at the Pennsylvania Museum, Memorial Hall,
Pairmount Park, Philadelphia
Doyle, Mabgaret. 1806. 10 yrs. 17" x 20". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Strawberry
border at top and bottom; wide border at sides of conventionalized corn-flowers and other
flowers ; inside border of fine green vine with little pink dots ; below verse, band of straw-
berries movmted in four places by little birds. Diamond border incloses verse. Wreath of
strawberries incloses name and age, and flanked on each side by conventional pots of flowers.
Verse 694. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Draper, Harriet. 1829. Providence. 17" x 12". 3 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. Verses
113, 150. Miss Harriet Sheldon
Draper, Sophia. 1806. Brookville [Mass.]. 7 yrs. 17^" x 17". 2 alphabets. Stem, satin, tent,
and cross-stitch. Small conventional border. Scene with house on a hill, 4 trees to the left,
and barn and door-yard to the right. Inset of 2 pitchers of flowers and 5 birds. Verse
601 (1, 2, 3, var.). Miss S. Ross
Draper, FAMiLy Register. [Cir. 1808.] 17" x 20^". Chain, stem, satin, tent, and cross-stitch.
Grape vine on either side. Tree in lower right-hand corner and tombstone in lower left,
bearing inscription: "Mary Draper died Dec. 9, 1800. Dear Babe at Rest we Hope Thee
Blest." Verses 53, 83, 287.
"Family Register
Nathan Draper Born Sept. 18, 1761.
Hannah Whiting Born April 10, 1768.
They were married December 28, 1788.
And have had the following children viz.
Elizabeth Draper Born April 16, 1790.
Hannah Draper Born August 23, 1792.
William W. Draper Born August 18, 1794.
Charlotte Draper Born Sept. 6, 1796.
Julia E. Draper Born November 13, 1798.
Mary Draper Born November 25, 1800.
George W. Draper Born Nov. 30, 1801.
Emily Draper Born December 6, 1803.
Caleb E. Draper Born June 9, 1806.
Catherine Draper Born May 1, 1808." W. K. Draper, Esq.
Drew, Sarah SxELLixG. 1823. 9 yrs. 17" x 7". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. "Be virtuous and
be happy." Mrs. Sydney B. Burleigh
^^
M
■i
^
■""« yliK
"j-'^M \'^ «"'*"j S* "e* 'i^ V *•• o» ••* '.r^ ■ • ^ ^»
a S-TUVWi; '^-vV
<^<^j?<<i:^<«^^<^»5^1^'
■::;.^;;.-;. ... '^
> '.i? iS -.••;;..•-;..•^•^
V jodef g'hji.kiwii^opqr^-
tu x>-^ 'Cs/ j<t| 2* J 2-3 <'4 1: <-•; 7 '
rDs! the ^»t^t (he fits'^ Tiiwwag^
'5>h«ti'(ui *Brn«g wfth -s-nJei reu.li
''-^■"^ ' <i the* ihoii TrsAt *Sr««c<>r ■
^ate the ■i.^^-V :■:%■ Cu>.;
5 »e»
PLATE LI
Lucy D. Stickney's Sampler. Charlestown, Mass. 1830
View of Charlestown
Owned by Mrs. Henry E. Coe
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 151
Deummond, Maria. 1809. Warrenton. 7 yrs. 11" x 13". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Border
of conventionalized flowers and cross-stitch scallop. Scene with large house, 3 smaller
houses, bird-house, birds, trees, and various other designs. Verse 714.
Dr. William A. Hardaway
Dukes, Sara Elizabeth. 1815. 9 yrs. 13" x 15|". Conventional rose border. Leopard rest-
ing between two trees, also two dishes of fruit.
"Love your parents, they claim your love, they love you with great aflFection. Who is
so kind to you as your parents . who supplies all your wants . who provides for
your education . who delights to make you happy . who but your Parents There-
fore return love for love."
"Endeavour to employ yourself in something useful . Take great pains to learn . Too
great a thirst for play is unfavourable to learning."
Verse 515 (var.). Mrs. George C. Fraser
DuKBAH, Mary S. 1811. Taunton, Mass. 8 yrs. Si" x 10". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Cross-
border. Miss M. W. Baylies
Dunham, Jane. 1812. 7" x 10". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. In center, wreath of leaves with
name and date; birds on one side; flowers at each side of top and a tree on either side at
bottom. Mrs. James Moses
Dunham, LiYdia. 1805. 45" x li". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Simple border.
Miss Lucy C. Sweet
Dunham, Semantha. 1806. Mansfield [Conn.]. 7 yrs. Born November 25, 1799. 12" x 12".
4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Hemstitched border. Verse 697. Miss Julia McA Imont Warner
Dunham, Sophia. 1811. [Hartford]. 10^" x lOV'. 4 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch.
Pillars and arch design with baskets of flowers. , Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Dupee, Susannah "Wallis. 1813. Boston. 10 yrs. 12i" x 12i". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, tent,
and cross-stitch. Simple cross-stitch border. 2 small vases of flowers.
Miss Gertrude Whiting
DuRAND, Louisa. 1827. 18" x 18". Cross-stitch. Border of roses, buds, and leaves. Basket
of flowers. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Duefee, Abby W. 1810. New Bedford [Mass.]. 12 yrs. IT'xUi". 3 alphabets. Satin, stem,
and cross-stitch. Carnation border, top and bottom. "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God
with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy strength;
thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself." "Remember now thy Creator", etc.
Miss Abbie W. Covel
Dustin, Abigail. 1800. 12 yrs. 9" x 7^". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. [Unfinished.]
Miss McCairnes
DuTTON, Abigail. 1825. Jaffrey, N. H. 16^" x 18". Alphabets. Cross-stitch. Trees and
basket of flowers. Wide floral design at bottom. Verse.
Sold at American Art Galleries, New York, April 11, 1918
DwiER, Mary H. 1828. Kensington [Philadelphia, Pa.]. 7 yrs. UV x 12i". Cross-stitch.
Border of vine and strawberries. Scene with brick house, grass plot on either side, and
in front, trees and fence. Mrs. John S. Swoyd
Dyer, Anstis. 1812. Providence [R. I.]. 15" x 11". Flat, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Flat-stitch
border. "The Ten Commandments." Mrs. Anstis Pearce Dyer Manton
152
AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Dyer, Susanna. 1802. 8 yrs. 17" x 19". Alphabet. Stem, chain, and cross-stitch. Simple
cross-stitch border. Two buildings, one with fence around it, also trees and shrubs.
Mrs. Thomas Baker
Eager, Rebekah. 1807. 10 yrs. 13" x 12", 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 128 (1, var.).
Mrs. R. M. Chickering
Eagles, Barbahy. 1808. Bristol School [Pa.]. 14" x 18". 4 alphabets. Detached sprays of
flowers and baskets of flowers around edge. Vine with very few leaves, inclosing al-
phabets, etc. Initials scattered about: " J E, C E, BE, ME, S E, ME, F G, A E."
Illustrated. Mrs. Arthur M. Waitt
Earle, Fanny Holroyd. 1817. Providence [R. I.]. 11 yrs. 13" x 17V'. 3 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Cross design in border. Family Register:
" Fanny Holroyd Earle Born Tuesday July 8th 1806
William Earle Born Saturday April 16th 1808
George Earle Born Sunday October 1st 1809
Sarah Waterman Earle Born Friday August 31st 1812
Marcy Arnold Earle Born Monday April 12th 1813
Sarah Arnold Earle Born Friday November 11th 1814
Oliver Earle Born Saturday August 17th 1816
Sarah W. Earle Died Sunday May 9th 1813 Ag'd 1 yr 9 m
Sarah A. Earle Died Saturday August 19th 1815 Ag'd 9 m 8 d
Oliver Earle Died Thursday June 26th 1817 Aged 10 m 9 d "
Rhode Island School of Design
Earle, Harriot Adeline. 1830. Providence [R. I.]. 10 yrs. 17" x 17". 5 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Cross design in border. "The Family Register:
Births
" Fanny H. Earle Born Tuesday July 8th 1806
William Earle Born Saturday April 16th 1808
George Earle Born Sunday October 1st 1809
Sarah W. Earle Born Friday August 31st 1812
Marcy A Earle Born Monday April 12th 1813
Sarah A Earle Born Friday November 11th 1814
Oliver Earle Born Saturday August 17th 1816
Sally A Earle Born Friday April 3d 1818
Harriot A Earle Born Thursday Sept 18th 1820
Julia Earle Born Sunday July 22nd 1822 "
Deaths
"Sarah Waterman Earle Departed this life Sunday May 9th 1813 aged 1 year
9 months
Sarah Arnold Earle Departed this life Saturday August 19th 1813 aged 9 m 8 d
Oliver Earle Departed this life Thursday June 26th 1817 aged 10 m 9 d
Our dear Father Oliver Earle Departed this life July 5th in the year 1824 in the
55th year of his age.
Providence March 23d A.D. 1830." Rhode Island School of Design
Cross-
Earle, Marcy A[rnold]. 1823. 8i" x 12^". 3 alphabets. Cross design in border,
stitch. For Genealogy, see samplers made by Fanny and Julia Earle.
Rhode Island School of Design
Earle, Sally Arnold.
in border.
1828. 10 yrs. 13^" x 17^". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Cross design
Rhode Island School of Design
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 153
Eaton, . [Cir. 1805.] 16i" x 12|". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, cross, long, and short-stitch.
Long and short-stitch border. Names and dates:
"Job Eaton Born May 26 1762
Plioebe Eaton Born December 20, 1765
Sarah Eaton Born November 22, 1786
Job Eaton Born January 21, 1789
Moses Eaton Born March 18, 1791
Hannah Eaton Born March 15, 1793
Jonathan M. Eaton Born June 10, 1794
Hannah Eaton Born January 27, 1797
Ezra B. Eaton Born August 24, 1799
Worcester Eaton Born December 17, 1801." Mrs. Oeorge C. Fraser
Eaton, Hannah. 1813. 10 yrs. 10" x 12". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Saw-tooth design in
border. Elaborate baskets of flowers and trees. Verse 373 (var.).
Mrs. Elisabeth B. Hutchins
Eayre, Maria. 1814. Eayrestown [N. J.]. 8 yrs. Born May 14, 1806. 8" x 11". 2 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Simple line border. Baskets of flowers and birds. Verse 343 (1, 2).
Laura Clarissa Howell
Eddey, Betsey. [Cir. 1815.] 13 yrs. 16i" x 8". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. "Time flies
Eternity hastens." Miss Emily B. Aldrich
Eddy, Maby. 1816. Providence [R. I.]. 9" x 12^". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Line border.
Verse 721. Miss Elizabeth L. Betton
Eddy, Maby Ann. 1813. Baltimore [Md.]. 7 yrs. 19^" x 18". 6 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Vine border. Verse 515 (var.). Mrs. Marvin F. McNeil
Edes, Caroline. 1814. Charlestown [Mass.]. Born October 16, 1805. 12^" x 17". 3 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Border of conventionalized vine and flowers. Verse 692.
3It<t. Caroline H. Nicholson
Edes, Eliza B. 1815. [Boston?] 7 yrs. 9" x 13^". 4 alphabets. Cat and cross-stitch. Hem-
stitched edge. Mrs. E. O. Cutler
Edington, Mary Ann. 1812. 11 yrs. 14" x 18". Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Border of vine
with flowers. Scene with house, fence, tree, and to the right, large plant in pot with small
animal underneath. Across sampler at top, tree and potted plant, and on ground, chickens
and 2 small dogs. Verse 297. Robert P. Jordan, Dealer
Edmands, Martha Capen. 1820. Charlestown [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 12" x 17^". 2 alphabets.
Satin and cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Basket of fruit, trees, and birds. Verse 35.
Charles 8. Henry, 2nd, Esq.
Edwards, Sarah Ann J[ackson]. 1820. Newburyport [Mass.]. 7 yrs. 8^" x 8^". 3 alpha-
bets. Satin and cross-stitch. Cross-stitch border in triangular design.
Abbie Scott Edwards
Effingham, Sally Hobbs. 1824. 19 yrs. 12" x 12". 6 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch.
Mrs. Herbert E. Maine
Elder, Catherine Jones. 1826. [Harrisburg, Pa.] (7 yrs.) 14^"xl4^". 1 alphabet. Cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. House, 2 trees, basket, and dog. ["Litiz School," near Beth-
lehem, Pa.] Mrs. Huger Elliott
Elder, Catherine Jones. 1827. (8 yrs.) 22" x 20". Cross-stitch. Wreath of roses, carna-
tions, and other flowers. ["Litiz School."] Mrs. Huger Elliott
154 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Ellet, Hakkah. 1806. Salem [N. J.]. West Town Boarding School. 12i" x 14". 8 alpha-
bets. Cross, stem, and two-sided line-stitch. Vine with leaves in circular shape.
Miss Elizabeth Alford Smith
Ellet, Makia Chambless. 1805. Salem [N. J.]. 9 yrs. 17" x 11". 7 alphabets. Single and
double cross-stitch. Vine border. Verses 272, 409, 692 (var.).
Miss Elizabeth Alford Smith
Ellet, Mahia Chamless. 1809. Salem [N. J. Born in 1795.]. 26"x22". 2 alphabets. Satin
and stem-stitch. Wreath of carnations, buds, other flowers, and leaves. Horn filled with
flowers in center of wreath. Mrs. Ella Maria Hamilton
Ellis, Abigail. 1805. [Born on Biddle's Island in the Delaware River.] 8^" x 11^". 3 alpha-
bets. Flat, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Top border of carnations and bottom of vine. Flower
design at bottom. Abbie Ellis Folwell
Ellis, Caroline. 1818. Brookfield [Mass.]. 13 yrs. 17" x 17". Cross-stitch and hemstitch.
Strawberry and vine border. Crown design. Mrs. William M. Ooorkies or Goodwin?
Elwell, Ann Mahia. [Cir. 1826. New Jersey.] Born November 10, 1818. 18" x 16i". 2
alphabets. Flat, outline, queen, eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Carnation, strawberry,
and vine border. 4 birds in border. In center, urn of flowers and bands of geometrical
designs; at bottom, sprays of flowers, birds, and figures. Verses 327, 327a. Initials:
"J B [John Brooks, grandfather]; M B [Mary Brooks, grandmother]; D B [Daniel,
brother of mother] ; R B [Rachel, mother] ; J E [John Elwell, father] ; R E [Rachel Brooks
Elwell, mother] ; D B E [Daniel B. Elwell, brother] ; G W E [George W Elwell, brother] ;
J M E [John M. Elwell, brother] ; A M E [Ann Maria Elwell, maker] ; J B E [James B.
Elwell, brother, died aet. 10] ; D S [Daniel Simkins, second husband of mother] ; R. S
[Rachel Simkins, mother's name after second marriage] ; S M S [Smith M. Simkins, half-
brother] ; D B E [brother, same as above] ; M J E [Mary Jane Dane Elwell, wife of
D. B. E.] ; M A E [Mary Ann Elwell, daughter of D. B. E. and M. J. E.] ; G. W. E [George
W. Elwell, as above]; L F E [Lovisa Fithian Elwell, wife of G. W. E.]."
Charles S. Sheppard, Esq.
Emerson, Clarissa. Lancaster [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 16" x 22". Cross, flat, satin, long and short,
stem-stitch, and couching. 2 alphabets. House, hillocks, mother and child. Verse 515 (var,).
Dwight M. Prouty, Esq.
Emerson, Ruth. 1815. Machias [Me.]. 17J" x 22". 4 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch.
Conventional wreath of strawberries at bottom. Verse 606 (1, var.).
Mrs. Frederick E. Hovey
Emerson, Sophia. 1815. 14 yrs. 18" x 26^". 2 alphabets. Chain, stem, satin, cross, split, and
back-stitch. Elaborate floral border. Wreath around name, etc. Two trees with woman
sitting underneath and holding bunch of flowers in her hand; birds resting on flowers;
more flowers growing in grass. Verse 86. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Emery, Mary. 1809. [Born February 14, 1800, in New York State.] 17" x 16". 3 alphabets.
Cross-stitch and paint russe. Triangular border with star design. Ornamental cross-stitch
border lines. Design at bottom unfinished. Verse 712. Mrs. I. E. Ingle
Emmerton, Remember. 1817. Lynn [Mass.]. 8^" x 12". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek
fret border. Mrs. Charles E. Reed
Evans, Francis M. 1827. 9 yrs. 5V' x 4^". 2 alphabets. Fine cross-stitch. Narrow hem-
stitched border. Bev. Qlen Tilley Morse
^-' ./
PLATE LII
Elizabeth Fuxk's Sajipi.ek. 1813
Owned by Mrs. Henri/ E. Coe
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 155
Evans, TuLLANiA. 1809. Pinegrove School. 9 yrs. Born October 6, 1799. " Daughter of Jakob
and Rachel Evans." 15^" x 17^". 2 alphabets. Cross, satin, eyelet, and tent-stitch. Car-
nation and acorn borders. Trees, flowers, baskets of fruit, birds, dogs, etc. Verse 255.
Mrs. Siegfried Wachsman
Everett, Hannah. 1800. Wareham [Mass.]. 12" x 13". 3 alphabets. Satin, stem, and cross-
stitch. Plain, double strawberry border. "Beauty as the flowers blossom, soon fades but
the divine excellence of the mind like the medicinal virtues of the plant remain in it when
all those charms are withered." Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
EvERS, TiHZA. 1827. 14 yrs. 20" x 17". 5 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verses 569, 788.
Mr. Arthur W. Seavey
Eyke, Ann Eliza. 1827. 8 yrs. 22" x 16^". Feather, stem, satin, tent, and cross-stitch. Rose
border on three sides. Vine around verse in upper section. At bottom, scene with brick
house, trees, lawn, ducks, cat, horses, birds on trees, men and women. Large sprays of
flowers in pots at either side; detached sprays of flowers fill in remainder of space. Verse
515 (var.). "Daughter of James and Margaret Eyre." Mrs. Henry E. Coe
F , A . 1804. 18" x 13". Cross-stitch. Border of large green leaves. Scene with
house, trees, yard, duck, and hens, street with cow, and 2 horses.
Sold at Libbie's Auction Rooms, Boston, December, 1915
F[reas], C . (A fragment, 6" x 6".) Outline, chain, stem, and satin-stitch. Peacock
surrounded with flowers, wild roses, strawberries, and conventionalized flowers. [Secured
from Freas family near AUoway, Salem County, N. J.] Mrs. William Johnson
F , S. & M[ahia]. "Begun by S. F and made by Maria." 1806. 12" x 14". 3
alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Verse 413. Robert P. Jordan, Dealer
Fabens, Sarah. 1806. Salem [Mass.]. 13 yrs. [Born in Salem, October 9, 1793.] 16" x 23".
Satin, stem, and cross-stitch. 4 alphabets. Border of flowers starting from cornucopias in
lower corners and broken at top by boat-shaped pot of erect strawberries, with bird at
each end, and at bottom by spray of carnations; 2 white ammals and 4 strawberry
clusters also appear in bottom border. Below verse is conventional floral design. Verse
129 (var.). , Mrs. Elizabeth B. Putnam
Fabens, Sarah. 1807. Salem [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 9^" x 11^". [Born October 9, 1793.] Stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Floral border, starting from cornucopias in lower corners. Carna-
tions in upper corners. Large spray of carnations in center and cluster of flowers at each
side. Oblong wreath of leaves incloses name and date. Verse inclosed between pillars sup-
porting double arch; carnation sprays in each arch. Verse 40 (var.).
Mrs. Elizabeth B. Putnam
Farley, Lucy Mary. 1807. Ipswich [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 10" x 10". 3 alphabets. Stem and
cross-stitch. Strawberry-vine border on three sides. Strawberry plants and blossoms with
grass at bottom. Mrs. Henry Wardwell
Farka, Sussannah. 1809. 22" x 23". Cross-stitch. Conventional border on three sides. At
bottom, maple tree in pot and smaller potted maple trees on either side, also baskets of
flowers. Vine with carnations and strawberries surrounds name. Family names: " [grand-
parents] Christianna Ann Dunnet, Samuel an Hannah Dunnet; [parents] John and Sus-
sannah Farra [worked in hair] ; [brothers and sisters] Daniel, Ann, Sussannah, John,
Chalter, Carter, Benjamin, Christian, Hannah, Farra Dunnet." Verses 187 (var.), 226
(var.). "Hannah Hollingswort." Mrs. Edward Twaddell
Fay, Maria. 1811. 9 yrs. 16V' x 16V'. 3 alphabets. Eyelet, cat, satin, cross-stitch, and a
long cross-stitch that runs over 2 squares. Greek fret border. Vase with 2 flowers;
156 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
2 vases with strawberry plants; 3 birds and a crowned lion, in design at bottom. Verse
92 (1, var.). A. Stainforth, Dealer, 1917
Feasteh, Rachel. 1823. 17" x 17". Rose border. Scattered liowers, with birds, at bottom.
"The Wish I sigh not for beauty nor languish for wealth", etc. Mrs. H. E. GilUngham
Fenno, Mahy Ank. 1801. Salem, Mass. 11 yrs. 8" x 11". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. "Then
let my heart at once attend Thy all sufficient" — Frank R. Dow, Esq.
Fenwick, Tehesia. 1802. "St. Mary's County in Maryland." 15" x 18i". 4 alphabets. Cross-
borders. Urn with strawberries; eight-pointed star in each corner; 2 flowers below;
Calvary cross above. "I glory in the Cross of Jesus Christ." "When this you see, Pray
for me." "Virtue is the sweetest jewel that can adorn the fair." "Eleanor Morland"
[governess]. Verse 128 (var.). Miss Madge Fenwick
Field Family Register. [Cir. 1816.] Northfield [Mass.]. 11" x 13". Eyelet and cross-stitch.
Conventional border. "Family Register"
"Mr. Walter Field Born November 24th 1758
Miss Plana Petty Born June 26th 1762
Married May 12th 1782
Nancy Field Born July 14th 1783
Paul Field Born Jan. 22nd 1785 Died Sept 28th 1810
Roxana Field Born July 2nd 1787
Mrs. R. Janes Died Nov. 5th 1810
Philana Field Born Sept 17th 1789 Died June 22nd 1813
Erastus Field Born Dec. 24th 1791
Sarah Field Born Dec. 4th 1793 Died Oct. 28rd 1794
Sarah Field Born Sept. 11th 1795
Gratia Field Born March 3rd 1798
Plana Field Born April 20th 1800 Died Aug. 15th 1803
Eloiza Field Born Sept. 19th 1802
, Born Aug. 19th 1803
Walter Field Jun'r Born June 30th 1804 Died July 1st 1804
Walter Field Junr. Born Oct. 22nd 1805
Eloiza P. Field Born June 4th 1808
Lucretia F. Janes Born Dec. 17th 1808
Roxana Janes Born Sept 28th 1810 Died March 20th 1811"
Mrs. Frank A. Hubbard
Field, Zilpha. 1812. Bridgewater [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 7^" x 61". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Julia M. Howard
Fillmore, Haheiot. 1814. Franklin, New London County, Conn. 14^" x 8^". 3 alphabets.
Bird's-eye and cross-stitch. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
FisHEH, Ellza. 1824. 24" x 24". Eyelet and cross-stitch. Elaborate carnation and straw-
berry border. In one top corner, white dove, 2 stars, bunch of carnations in vase, 2 large
butterflies, conventional bunch of flowers. Directly under this, 2 birds picking a straw-
berry; baskets of strawberries on each side; on either side of baskets, one large red rose
with buds; below, bunches of bluebells; on either side, pot of carnations; imder these,
bunches of strawberries; mider berries, elaborate baskets of strawberries, and on either
side the name a half-wreath ; on either side of wreath a little pine tree in triangle of lawn
on which stands a little dog. Large Colonial house with fence, gate, 2 weeping willows, and
lawn. Bunches of grapes and strawberries are also in design around house. Verses 132, 778.
Initials: "J S, M S, W^ S, V S, J S, J D, E D, S S, J S, R S, J S, G S, S A F,
S F, E W F, M D, J F, H F, S D, E F, M F, E D, W S F, M F, J D, J C F, J A F,
J D, R F." Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 157
Fisher, Maria Ann. 1811. Franklin [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 8" x 13". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Vine border. Miss Annie San ford Head
Fisher, S. 1804. 18" x 17". 1 alphabet. Queen, satin, and cross-stitch. Double strawberry
border. Basket of flowers just above border. Verse 682. Miss H. L. Parrish
FiSK, Elizabeth T. 1830. 8" x 16". 4 alphabets. Cat and cross-stitch. Verses 28, 609, 700.
Miss Kate Simmons
Fisk, Mary. November 2, 180[5?]. [Cambridge, Mass.] 8" x 12". Alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Greek fret border. [Probably the work of the grandmother of John Fiske the historian.]
Verse 689. Albert C. Bates, Esq.
FisK, Susanna. Cambridgeport [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 12V' x 14". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Vine
border. Verse 578. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Fitch, Caroline M. 1816. Boston. 8 yrs. 7" x 9". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek fret
border. Charles W. Jenks, Esq.
Fitzgerald, Sarah. 1810. Portsmouth [N. H.]. 17" x 17". 2 alphabets. Stem and cross-
stitch. Vine, with clover-leaf border. Conventional cross-borders. " Sacred to the Memory
of Mrs. A. Fitzgerald. In memory of an affectionate mother, who died March 1st 1808,
aged 40 years." This inscription is overshadowed by weeping willow, and on either side
are small trees, dog, bird, large basket of tall flowers, all on a straight green base.
"Wrought by her daughter Sarah Fitzgerald under the inspection of Mary E. Hill." On
either side of verses, basket of fruit, with bird perched on spray above. Verse 289.
Harriette E. Jones
Flagg, Georgianna. 1811. Charleston [S. C.]. 8 yrs. 15" x 15". Alphabets. Eyelet, satin,
and cross-stitch. Rose-vine border. At bottom, Greek fret border, with a carnation at
each end. Verse 547. Mrs. St. John P. Kimloch
Flagg, Sally. 1802. 10 yrs. 11" x 16". 2 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Wide design at
bottom. Verse QO. Lancaster Public Library
Fletcher, Sarah Jane. 1829. Albany [N. Y.]. 10 yrs. 17" x 17V'. 5 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Strawberry-vine border. Great variety of cross-lines. Verse 475.
Mary McDonald Vosburgh
Flitcraft, Ann. 1831. 32" x 20". Vine and rosebud border. In each corner conventional
floral design, with birds, dog, urns, basket of fruit, etc. Brick house just below center,
with willow trees on either side; also 2 little dogs, 2 chickens in the grass, and scattered
through the sampler are rosebuds and butterflies. Three-sided border of leaves around
verse, and above verse is a vine with a bird at each end. Verse 392. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Flitcraft, Mary. 1800. Eldridge's Hill [N.J.]. 21"x21". Satin and cross-stitch. Vine, coral,
and honeysuckle border. Large bunch of flowers, with smaller spray at corners ; tulips at
top and roses at bottom. Verse 132 (1, var.). Mrs. William T. Flitcraft
Floyd, Elizabeth. 18" x 15^". Cross-stitch. Rose and tulip border. Vases of flowers, squir-
rel, duck, butterfly, 2 small dogs, house, and other detached designs. Verse 579.
Mrs. Thomas S. Young
FoLLEN, Maby. 1812. Needham [Mass.]. 12 yrs. 12" x 16V'. 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and
cross-stitch. Vine border. House and flowers, at bottom; 2 large birds and conven-
tionalized plant, at top. Verse 410. Mrs. James Y. Noyes
Ford, Clarissa. 1801. 10 yrs. 12^" x 8". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Mrs. George Plimpton
1.58 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
FoED, Elizabeth M. "Miss Damon's School, Boston." 13 yrs. 4 alphabets. Stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Odd flowers on vine in border. Flower-pots, trees, and stars. Verse 577.
The Emma B. Hodge Collection
Ford, Sasah. 1810. Philadelphia, Pa. 13" x 12". Cross-stitch. Greek fret border. Verse 647.
Mary Hall Pennock
Foster, . 1808. 14" x 13^". Satin and split-stitch. Figures of weeping man and woman
dressed in mourning, leaning over two urns ; weeping willow tree in background. " To the
memory of Samuel Foster. He was born July 9th A.D. 1789 and died Nov. 24th A.D.
1803"; also, "To the memory of Mary Foster. She was born May 8th A.D. 1799 and died
Aug. 30th A.D. 1803." Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Foster, Sabra. 1811. 5" x 8". 2 alphabets. Cat and cross-stitch. Sabra Batchelder Harwood
Fowler, Mary Axx. 1817. 11 yrs. 12" x 11". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry design.
Verse 515 (var.). Mrs. Louise Cranston
Fowler, Mehitable. 1809. Pembroke [N. H.]. 10 yrs. 12" x 16". 4 alphabets. Back-
stitch, satin, and cross-stitch. Saw-tooth border. Basket, trees, and birds.
Miss Clara Fowler
Fox, Makiox. 1802. 10 yrs. 11" x 15". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Green
bush in center, with small dog on each side, at bottom ; in center, 2 bay trees on either side
of name, with bird at top; imderneath, 2 baskets of flowers. Verse 343 (1, var.).
Mrs. William Holland Wilmer
Fox, Mary. 1826. Hartford [Conn.]. 9 yrs. 18" x 16". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek
fret border. Strawberry design at bottom. Verse 356. Names and dates:
"Gurdon Fox, born Jan'y 30th 1791; Sophia Kendall, born Feb'y 4th 1796; Married
Oct'r 27st 1814; Edward Fox, born May 2, 1828; Mary Fox born Sept'r 21st 1816;
Henry Fox, born March 8th 1826." Albert C. Bates, Esq.
Fox, Nancy. 1824. "Woodstoc." 12 yrs. 17" x 15". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch.
Lozenge border. Elaborate conventional design of branches, topped by diamond-shaped
figures ; underneath, row of sheep, dogs, and basket with rose branches. On topmost branch
is large pigeon and bird's nest ; on another branch, a small bird ; in center of basket, a bird's
nest with egg; above basket, row of 5 conventional figures. Verse 465.
Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Fox, Sophia M. 1827. "Waterford, Washington, Ohio." 9 yrs. 10 J" x 12^". 4 alphabets.
Herringbone, queen, French knot, chain, and cross-stitch. Vine, strawberry, and rose bor-
der. Fir tree, with jardiniere on either side, holding rose vines. Mary Allen Taylor
Fraxkux, AaiELiA. 1818. [Berlin, Worcester County, Md. Born in 1802.] 18" x 17". Split,
satin, and cross-stitch. Vine and strawberry border. Scene with house, grass, ducks, geese,
men feeding them, and flowering shrubs; on either side of house are tall, pointed trees
topped by birds. Verse 738 (2, var.). Mrs. J. W. Mcllvain
Fhanklik, AiiEUA. 1818. [Maryland.] 13 yrs. 18" x 19*". Split, satin, and cross-stitch.
Vine border with leaves. Landscape with house, tall trees, gate, fence; dark strip of silk
inserted, with man and two women feeding ducks, cow, and pig. Flowers around house
and birds fljing above it, also butterflies. Verse 733 (2, var.).
Miss Louisa Amelia Covington
Franklin, Miloch E. 1818. 18" x 18". Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border.
Scene with house, trees, man, children, cow.s, geese, and dogs. Verse 733 (1, var.).
Mrs. Renwick C. Hurry
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 159
Fhazer, Rebekah. 1816. Duxbury [Mass.]. 8 yrs. [Born September 23, 1808.] 10" x 9".
3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Narrow hemstitched border. At bottom, small rectangle of
solid cross-stitch and initials "F F". Mrs. A. McK. Gifford
Frederick, Deborah. 1830. 17" x 17". 2 alphabets. Satin, queen, and cross-stitch. Conven-
tionalized strawberry border. Scene with house with railing in front, large rose bush on one
side and 2 queer colored birds on the other side. Mrs. Renwick C. Hurry
Freeborn, Hannah. 1817. 11 yrs. 12^" x 17^". 4 alphabets. Chain, eyelet, stem, and cross-
stitch. Double trefoil border. "H. L. F. Born 1st mo. 9th 1806", inclosed in wreath with
strawberry below, and on either side two triangular conventional designs. Verse 453.
Rhode Island School of Design
Freeborne, Mary G. 1826. 10 yrs. 15" x 13". Chain and cross-stitch. Rose border. Verse 784.
Herbert O. Brigham, Esq.
French, Hannah. 1805. 13 yrs. [Born in West Dedham, Mass., in 1792.] 12^" x 12".
3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Verse 609 (var.).
Miss Mary E. Fisher
French, Hannah. 1822. [Mullica HiU, N. J.] 9 yrs. 8" x 19". 4 alphabets. Flat, eyelet,
tent, and cross-stitch. Simple cross-stitch border. One dog. Mrs. John Gill Whitall
Frink, Isabel. [Before 1830.] Rutland [Mass.]. 10^" x 10*". 2 alphabets. Stem-stitch.
Vine border. Verse 660 (1). Miss Isabella H. Dana
Frost, Harriet. [1820.] 6^" x 9*". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Mrs. Herbert E. Maine
Feothingham, Betsy. 1801. Newburj-port [Mass.]. Born July 28, 1790. 11 yrs. 10" x 154".
2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Verse 667. Miss Georgie Bassett
Frothingham, Debby. 1803. 154" x 204". 3 alphabets. Chain, cross, long and short-stitch.
. Vine, roses, carnations, and other flowers in border. Wreath around inscription.
The Em,-na B. Hodge Collection
Fudge, Sally. [Cir. 1801. Born in 1790.] 11" x 11". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-
stitch. Hemstitched border with rosebud design at top and bottom.
Edmund M. Dow, Esq.
Fuller, Cornelia. 1809. New York City. 7 yrs. 12" x 18". 3 alphabets. Satin, chain, French
knot, and cross-stitch. Strawberry, flower, and vine border. Village scene, with church,
several houses, trees, stream, and boats. Verse 94. Mrs. C. H. Nelson
Fuller, Esther G. August, 1823. Charlestown [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 18" x 17^". 3 alphabets.
Cross, satin, and buttonhole-stitch. Cross-borders. House, vine with blue flowers, and 3
small trees. 4 sprigs of pink flowers below. Verse 515 (var.).
William B. Thayer Memorial Collection, University of Kansas
Fuller, Susannah. [Cir. 1817.] 14 yrs. [Born in Francestown, N. H., June 4, 1804.] 23" x 20".
3 alphabets. Satin stitch. Border of roses, pansies, strawberries, and carnations. Basket
of flowers and vine at bottom. Lillie Fisher Brokaw
Funk, Ellzabeth. 1813. 17" x 21^". Satin and cross-stitch. Border of flowers and leaves at
top and bottom. Large flowering plant in pot takes up most of space, the remainder filled
in with flower sprays and animals. Quilled ribbon border and rosettes on corners of the
sampler. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
Furlong, Mary. 1806. 10 yrs. 20" x 16". 2 alphabets. Cross and satin-stitch. Verse 19.
Owner not recorded
160 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
G , C . 1802. Boston. 4>i" x 3f ". Partial alphabet. Cross-stitch.
Miss Marette Longley
G , H. M. 1800. 8^" X 12". 2 alphabets. Long and short, and tent-stitch. Done in
memory of the birth of Lovey Bickford. Mrs. George C. Fraser
Gailliabd, Emma Axxa. 1823. Charleston [S. C.]. 9 yrs. 11" x 18". 3 alphabets. Flat, cat,
eyelet, cross-stitch, and hemstitch. Hemstitched edge with scroll border. Various cross-
borders. Verse 773. Mrs. J. Waring Witsell
Galbhaith, Jane Elizabeth. [Cir. 1830.] Birmingham [Pa.]. Born June 17, 1818. 18" x 20J".
3 alphabets. Stem, eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border at sides and vine at
top. Scene with two houses, fence, trees, vases of flowers, lion, and birds. Verses 490
(var.), 796. Carolyn Scribner Barnes
Gale, Eliza W. 1813. 12 yrs. Worked at Mrs. Tuft's School, Charlestown [Mass.]. 18" x 22".
2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Elaborate rose and carnation border. Verse 741.
Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Gale, Mahy A. 1825. 11 yrs. Great variety of stitches. Elaborate floral border on sides. At
bottom, basket of flowers in center, and on either side, trees and smaU sprays of flowers.
Verse at top. Verse 780. 9 wreaths, 5 of which contain family register in rows of three, and
between rows and in 2 end wreaths sprays of flowers. "Mary Richards Born Dec. 17, 1790;
Samuel Gale Born Apr. 7, 1793; Were married May 15, 1814; Mary A. Gale Born Oct. 27,
1814 (sic); Samuel Gale Born Nov. 12, 1821; Eliza E. Gale Born June 8, 1824; died Oct.
30, 1824." Mrs. H. de B. Parsons
Gale, Sally J. 1810. 13 yrs. 2 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Vine border. Straw-
berry cross-border at top. Trees, man, and woman. Birds, flowers, and baskets of fruit,
at bottom. Verse 287a. Mrs. Daniel Webster Sanborn
Gaxo, Eliza. 1814. 9 yrs. Pattenburg [N. J.]. 20" x 20". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek
fret border and cross-borders. Large and small trees, and baskets of flowers. Verse 745.
Ella Felmly
Gabdineb, Esther. 1813. Evesham [N. J.]. (12 yrs.) 19" x 23". Satin and cross-stitch.
Vine and floral border. Plot of grass, sheep and lambs, geese, weeping willow and poplars,
numerous small plants. Clumps of flowers all around. 8-pointed star at top. Verse 442.
Abigail E. Willitts
Gabdiner, Hanxah. 1820. 12 yrs. "Evesham School" [N.J.]. 19" x 23". French knot, chain,
tent, queen, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Rose border with leaves ; upper corners filled with
flowers and baskets of flowers. Grape vines and grapes, in center; roses, white half-moon,
baskets of flowers, and bunches of flowers fill in remainder of space. Verse 316 (var.).
Esther G. Evans
Gabneb, Catherine. 1805. 15 yrs. 12" x 19". 4 alphabets. Outline, chain, satin, knot, loop,
chrysanthemum, and cross-stitch. Greek floral border. Verse 271. Names: "John Garner,
Frances Garner, Hendly Garner, I. Garner, E. Garner, J. Garner." Mrs. D. D. Cameron
Gaskill, Mary Ann. 1810. 12 yrs. 12" x 15". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border.
Basket of fruit; rosebud and strawberries. Josephine B. Osmond
Gauffreau, Celestine. 1822. New York. 8 jts. 16^" x 17". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Strawberry border. House, dogs, cows, baskets of flowers, and several small birds. "Celes-
tine Gauffreau agee de 8 ans fait le 2 d'aout 1822 a New York."
Mrs. J. Herbert Johnston
PLATE LIII
Sophia Catherixe Bieh's Sampler. 1810
Owned by Mis. Miles White, Jr.
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 161
Gauffreau, Fortune. 1816. 12 yrs. St. Bartholomew (an island of the West Indies belong-
ing to France). 13" x 14". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Small cross-stitch border. House,
birds, dogs, cows, vases of flowers, and clover. " Fortune Gauffreau age de 12 ans fait a St.
Barth'my le 24 de Juillet 1816" (a boy), Mrs. J. Herbert Johnston
Gauffheait, LomsA. 1821. New York. 8 yrs. 15" x 13". Cross-stitch. Rose border. House,
peacock, vases of flowers, pitcher, and dog. "Louisa Gauffreau agee de 8 ans, New York
1821." Verse (in French) 58. Illustrated. Mrs. J. Herbert Johnston
Gay, Mary. 1808. 9 yrs. 16" x 17". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Trefoil border. House, weep-
ing willow, cow, lion with curly tail, and baskets. Verses 153, 511 (1, var.).
Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Gay, Mary Otis. 1809. Hingham [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 8" x 12^". Cross-stitch. Conventional
border. "Apply thine heart unto instruction and thine ears to the words of knowledge."
Mrs. Oliver Fiske
George, Isabella. 1826. Baltimore. 8 yrs. 9" x 17". 6 alphabets. Chain, eyelet, satin, cross,
cat, tent, hem-stitch, and two-sided Une-stitch. Strawberry, Greek fret, cross, and vine
borders. Elizabeth C. Lee
George, Isabella. 1827. Baltimore [Md.]. 9 yrs. 17" x 17". 2 alphabets. Satin, eyelet,
chain, queen, tent, and cross-stitch. Borders of Greek fret, cross, vine, and strawberry
designs. Elizabeth C. Lee
George, Maria Louisa. [1827.] 8 yrs. Newburyport [Mass.]. 8^" x 8^". 3 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Simple cross-stitch border. "Be virtuous and you will be happy."
Miss Charlotte M. Smith
George, Mary Elizabeth. 1817. Newburyport [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 18" x 22". 3 alphabets. Satin
and cross-stitch. Rose-vine border, with 2 willow trees. Trees, bush, leaves, and flowers.
Verse 515 (1, var.). Mrs. Emma F. Stephenson
Gerrish, Caroline. 1809. 11 yrs. 17" x 21". 4 alphabets. Satin, catcl- crow-foot, and cross-
stitch. Hemstitched edge. Design at bottom like steps to courthouse.
Miss Caroline L. Manett
Gerry, Sophia. 1810. Stoneham. 13 yrs. 19" x 24f ". 3 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. House, yard, trees, sheep, and fowl. Verse not given. Mrs. B. C. Hall
Gibbon, Sarah Ann. 1825. Salem [N. J.]. 10 yrs. 9" x I65". 6 alphabets. Queen, eyelet,
and cross-stitch. Simple cross-stitch border. Short vine with tree and 2 strawberries.
Mrs. Robert D. Hughes
GiBBS, Elizabeth. 1812. [Near Crosswicks, N. J. Born October 26, 1798.] 14 yrs. 10^" x 14".
4 alphabets. French knot, tent, chain, eyelet, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Fancy cross-
border at bottom of strawberries, trees, and flowers, with hearts in each corner.
Rebecca S. Price
Gibbs, Lucinda. 1814. Sturbridge. 9 yrs. 18" x 8". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Mrs. Henry Lowell Hiscock
Gibbs, Mercy. 1808. Birmingham [N. Y.]. 14 yrs. 9" x 18". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and
cross-stitch. Twelve rows of different stitches at bottom. "Love the path of truth."
Miss Bertha Oibbs
Gibbs, Rachel B. 1812. 11 yrs. Born May 14, 1801. lOV' x 16". 4 alphabets. Great variety
of stitches. A'ine border. Double row of strawberries at bottom. Verse 94 (var.).
Rebecca S. Price
162 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Gibson, Euzabeth. 1800. Farmville [Va.]. 10 yrs. 12" x 15". 3 alphabets. Weaving, eye-
let, satin, and cross-stitch. Vine border. Wide floral design at bottom. Verse 66.
Mrs. Wallace Delafield
GiBsoK, Hannah. [1815.] 12 yrs. 14" x 19^". Born August 11, 1803. Hemstitch and cross-
stitch. Triple strawberry, rose, and carnation border, on top and sides. Verse 307. "Regis-
ter of Mr. Barnabas Gibson and family. He was born July 12, 1767 and married Miss
Hannah Tate Feb. 26, 1788. She was born 17 — and died Aug. 31, 1801. He married Miss
Betsy Chase July 16, 1802. She was born June 24, 1770. By him they have the following
children : —
Names Born Died
Samuel Gibson April 26, 1794 July 30, 1864
Mary Gibson Sept. 6, 1795
Robert Gibson Nov. 4, 1797
Hannah Gibson Aug. 31, 1801 Dec. 2, 1801
Hannah Gibson Aug. 11, 1803
Luther Gibson March 1805 April 16, 1805
Elizabeth Gibson April 6, 1806
David Gibson March 24, 1809 Sept. 16, 1865
Sarah Gibson Nov. 12, 1810
William Gibson July 12, 1812 May 4, 1854"
(Dates of three of the deaths filled in later on.) Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Gibson, Mary. 1800. Lexington [Ky.]. 14 yrs. 16^" x 17^". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Straw-
berry border. Carnations at bottom. Verse 665 (var.). Mrs. G. W. Cain
Gilbert, Hannah. 1811. [Near Doylestown, Pa. 12 yrs.] 22" x 22". Cross-stitch. Waving
line of cross-stitch as a border. In top corners are octagons inclosing swan and vines, also
smaU bunches of roses and carnations, with squirrel in center of top row. Two doves above
name. Small detached bunches of roses and carnations and sprays in baskets here and
there on sampler. Mrs. Bryan H. Taylor
Gilbert, Nancy. 1800. 10 yrs. 10^" x 14". 1 alphabet. Cross and satin-stitch. Double straw-
berry border. House, hillside, tree, sheep, and people. Verse 595 (var.).
Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Gilbert, Nancy. 1806. Born September 20, 1793. 13 yrs. 15^" x 12". 3 alphabets. Eyelet
and cross-stitch. Greek fret and strawberry borders. 2 vases at the bottom and 3 at the
top. Verse 46. Rev. Glenn Tilley Morse
Gilbert, Rebecca Swass. 1825. 10 yrs. 12" x 10". 3 alphabets. Chain, queen, and cross-stitch.
Strawberry border. Miss Bassell
Giles, Narcissa. 1802. 11 yrs. 12" x 13". 5 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Straight-line border.
Cross-borders of strawberries, hearts, vines, diamonds, etc. Arthur Le,<ilie Green, Esq.
Gill, Elizabeth. 1805. Boston. 9 yrs. 10^" x 17V'. 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Vase of
flowers in center, a double strawberry on either side, then 2 trees, 2 shrubs, and 2 potted
plants. Border patterns between alphabets. Verse 128 (1, var.).
Miss Marette Longley
Gill, Mary. 1809. Clarksboro [N. J.]. 12 yrs. 17" x 17". 4 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and
cross-stitch. Carnation and vine border. "See the time for sleep is before sun rise."
Mrs. Joseph W. Merritt
Gill, Mary. 1814. Wilmington [Del.]. 10" x 10". Cross-stitch. Seven square white designs
worked in cotton, six of darning and one of knitting-stitch. Illustrated.
Mrs. Charles C. Jessup
f"
rftf!^%/>:>.,A. 51
r'V-: >5
i.
^-*-^">.
:,W.|
«>
g k>
S B
fteiisi y.
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 163
GiLLET, Mary Ann. 1827. 10 yrs. 8^" x 7i". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Greek fret border.
House, dog, figures, and double hearts at bottom. Mrs. Wallace Holcomb
GiLMAN, Sahah Hidden. [1826.] Meredith [N. H.]. 11 yrs. 8" x 10". 3 alphabets.
Mrs. George H. Williams
GiLSON, Mary. 1826. 17^" x 15^". 2 alphabets. French knot, outline, satin, and cross-stitch.
Elaborate rose border. Roses in pots. Verse 328. Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
GiTHENS, Mary. 1814. [Moorestown, Burlington County, N. J.] Born in 1806. 12" x 12|".
Stem, cat, satin, and cross-stitch. Vine and floral border. Grass with dog and sprays
of roses above and birds on each side. In center, a vine wreath with tiny flowers inclosing
the following: "J.G., J. G., J.G., Mary Githens 1814." The rest of sampler filled in with
floral designs. Mrs. Henry I. Budd
Gladding, Susan Cahy. 1805. Providence, R. I. (5 or 6 yrs.) 13" x 16". 4 alphabets. French
knot, chain, stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Rose border, with tulip and leaves in one corner.
At bottom, very correct (though unfinished) representation of First Congregational (Uni-
tarian) Church in Providence. Verse 40 (var.). ["Miss Polly Balch's School," perhaps.]
Mrs. Charles W. Lippitt
Glasier, Abigail. 1806. 13 yrs. Born August 26, 1793. 18^" x 21". 3 alphabets. Chain,
stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Border has elaborate design of vine, flowers, and fruit start-
ing from two vases and meeting in true lover's knot. Basket of flowers, at bottom. Verse
538 (var.).
"Family Record: Benjamin Glasier married Deborah Binder October 20, 1792. Births
of their children: Abigail Glasier born June 26, 1793; Lydia and Mary Glasier
born January 9, 1795; Lydia died January 25, Mary, February 25, 1795; Mary
Glasier born February 8, 1799; Salome Glasier born Sept. 4, 1800, died Sept. 17,
1801; Edmund H. and Elizabeth O. Glasier born April 25, 1802; Elizabeth O. died
July 19, Edmund H. August 25, 1802; Lydia H. Glasier born July 19, 1804; Wil-
liam P. Glasier born November 19, died December 6, 1806."
Ipswich Historical Society
Glass, Sally. 1823. 14 yrs. 16" x 16". 4 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch. Strawberry
border. Border of conventional flowers and strawberries surroimds verse. Verses 188,
601 (1, 2, var.). "Praise ye the Lord all his Works". Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
GoDARD, Marcy. 1811. Born November 7, 1803. 6" x 15^". 3 alphabets. Plain border.
Newport Historical Society
GoDARD, Mary. 1803. Cambridge, Mass. 11 yrs. 11" x 14^". 2 alphabets. Chain, stem, and
cross-stitch. Vine border with conventional flowers. Verse 259. Mrs. Thomas O. Kent
GoDMAN, Margahetta ARABELLA. 1808. [Baltimore.] (8 yrs.) 16^" x 20". Satin and cross-
stitch. Wreath of flowers, and below verse small green wreath. Design copied from
brocade of her mother's wedding gown. Verse 709. Mrs. Davis C. Buntin
Godwin, Rachel. 1808. 20" x 16". Cross-stitch. Entire sampler, except oval in center, cov-
ered with running rose design coming out of a cornucopia at the bottom. Oval of green
vine and leaves around verse. Verse 416. Mrs. Marguerite du Pont Lee
GoLDiN, Elizabeth Ann. 1829. New York. 20" x 17V'. Stem, back, and cross-stitch. Map
of the state of New York. "Lake Erie is the celebrated scene of Perry's victory over a
British fleet, September 10, 1813." "Lake Champlain is celebrated for the victory gained
by Macdonough over a British fleet of far superior force, Sept. 11, 1814." "Long Island
is the most important island belonging to the state of New York 140 miles in length and
from 10 to 15 broad, contains three counties and numerous flourishing towns, population.
164
AMERICAN SAMPLERS
?7,000." "population of the State of New York in 1820 was 1,372,812. Albany is the
Ca'pital." Illustrated. Mrs. Henry E. Cog
GooDMAK, Eliza. 1821. 11 yrs. Born April 13, 1809. 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Simple bor-
der. Scene with farmhouse with two ells, birds, and conventional tree. Verses 41 (var.),
7g4_ The Emma B. Hodge Collection
GooDRiDGE, Jane. 1813. Lynn [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 17" x 16^". Alphabets. Seed, outline, stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Rose border. Wreath of forget-me-nots. Other vines of forget-
me-nots elsewhere. Verse 129 (var.).
"Family Register"
"Mr. Moses Goodridge, born Nov. 27, 1768.
Miss Hannah Graves, born Jan. 22, 1774.
Married Aug. 7, 1795.
Childrens names
Hannah Goodridge
Polly Goodridge
Jane Goodridge
Rand G. Goodridge
Sally B. Goodridge
Eliza Goodridge
Moses Goodridge
Joseph B. Goodridge
Eliza G. Goodridge
Births
April 6, 1797.
Dec. 18, 1798.
Dec. 3, 1801.
Feb. 25, 1804.
Feb. 12, 1805.
Dec. 29, 1806.
May 12, 1808.
March 20, 1810.
March 23, 1812."
Deaths
Sept. 10, 1821.
[d. 1906, 104 years old.]
March 17, 1804.
Jan. 7, 1807.
Mrs, Frederick C. Leslie
Goodwin, Eliza. 1801. [South Berwick, Maine.] 7 years. Born September 21, 1794. 18" x 24".
3 alphabets. Satin, stem, chain, French knot, and cross-stitch. Rose and vine border,
starting from small baskets on either side and ending in large basket in center at top.
Trees and birds across bottom. Rows of fancy stitches and narrow bands in strawberry
designs. Verse 601 (1). Mrs. William 8. Whitney
Goodwin, Elizabeth. 1805. Salem [N. J. 16 yrs.]. West-Town Boarding School. 9|" x 12i".
Satin and outline stitch. Vine border. Verse 515 (var.). Miss Anna Elizabeth Woodnutt
Goodwin, Sarah. 1824. Marblehead [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 6 mos. 18" x 12^". 3 alphabets. Stem,
satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Panel at bottom with figures of boy and girl,
also sunflower plant with bird flying about. Verse 776. Mrs. Robert B. Dixon
GoRHAM, Lucy Taylor. 1801. Boston. 12" x 15". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Vine border.
Design in shape of peaks. Initials "G. W." underneath verse. Verse 5a.
Mrs. Shepherd Brooks
Gould, Lucy H. [After 1803.] 9 yrs. 12" x 16". Cross, satin, stem, eyelet, long and short-
stitch. 3 alphabets. Flowering vine border on solid embroidery. At bottom, two urns
with willow branches, and under both "Eliza Gould M 9 Ys Died August 6, 1803." Verse
261. Owner not recorded
Graham, Sophia. 1803. Mobile [Ala.]. "tV x 9". 2* alphabets.
Cross-stitch.
Mrs. John Adams Dix
Graves, Mary McNeran. 1810. Philadelphia,
eyelet, and cross-stitch. Verse 342 (var.).
7 yrs. Born March 9, 1803. 8" x 18". Cat,
Miss Ellen Coppuck Curtis
Gray, Susan (Young). 1803. Boston. 13 yrs. 16*" x 18". 2 alphabets. Stem and cross-
stitch. Strawberry-vine border. Strawberry design at top and bottom, inside border.
Verse 718. The Misses Sophia and E. Frances Morton
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 165
Greely, Maby Ann. 1814. Newburyport [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 12" x 15". 6 alphabets. Chain,
satin, eyelet, and cross-stitch. Strawberries and grass at base. "The family of Stephen
and Betsy Greely; Benjamin born Dec. 11, 1793; Nathaniel born Nov. 11, 1795; John born
June 19, 1798; Alice born Nov. 14, 1800; John B. born July 20, 1802; Mary A. born Nov.
19, 1804; Elizabeth born July 20, 1810." Lucius H. Greely, Esq.
Green, Eliza. 1805. Stoneli — . 10 yrs. 16" x 23^". 4 alphabets. Chain, stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Elaborate floral border in satin-stitch. Picture of a house with trees and
two little dogs. Verse 147. Estate of James L. Little, Esq.
Green, Mahy. 1813. 7 yrs. 15" x 14". 3 alphabets. Stem and cross-stitch. Strawberry
border. Verse 515 (var.). The Rhode Island School of Design
Green, Mary. 1814. Cambridge, New York. 14 yrs. 9^" x 16". 5 alphabets. Eyelet and
cross-stitch. Marguerite Emery
Greene, Martha. 1807. Born the 23rd of June, 1797, at Coventry, R. I. 8" x 8". 3 alphabets.
Cross-stitch. Border, two designs in cross-stitch, also cross-borders in different designs.
Verse 92a. Emma A. Davis
Greenleaf, Dolly. 1804. Newburyport [Mass.]. Born March, 1796. 11" x 15". 3 alphabets.
Satin, stem, and cross-stitch. Border of saw-tooth design. Vase with flowers; tulips, roses,
and bachelor buttons. Mrs. Francis B. Allen
Greenleaf, Eliza Ann. 1808. Newburyport [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 18" x 17". 4 alphabets. Satin,
eyelet, stem, and cross-stitch. Garland of flowers around verse, also 2 lines of Greek key
pattern. Verse 202 (1, var.). Mrs. Francis R. Allen
Greenough, Eliza. 1809. Essex County, Haverhill. 10" x 14". 3 alphabets. Stem, tent,
satin, and cross-stitch. Grape-vine border, with rosebuds. Tulip design at bottom. Verse
111. Mrs, Edward Webster
Greenwalt, Eliza. 1822. Cumberland [Md.]. 14^" x 16". Flat, chain, stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Flat-stitch border. Pastoral scene. Verse 435. Mrs. Lloyd Lowndes
Griffin, Frances Louisa. 1810. Boston. 8 yrs. 4 alphabets. Hemstitch and cross-stitch.
Hemstitched edge, with scroll border. Narrow cross-border designs. Miss F. L. Smith
Grimes, Caroline. 1803. New York. 8 yrs. 14" x 16". Cross-stitch. Border design some-
thing like a sweet-pea. At bottom, house, 2 fir trees, man, weeping willow, and monument ;
detached designs on sides, birds on branches, sprays of bluebells, and rosebuds, dog, "Nero,"
cat, "Tiger," with basket of flowers in between. Made and sent to Grandmother in Eng-
land. Verse 16. Marshall Cutler, Esq.
Grimes, Elizabeth. 1803. New York. 10 yrs. 14" x 16". Cross-stitch. Narrow border in
diamond design. At bottom, house with tree on either side, bird on one side and dog on
the other, baskets of flowers at each end. Detached designs around verse of man shooting
at birds, with a dog at his side, conventional tree, sprays of flowers, colored man, etc.
Initials above verse: "LINE S." Sent to maker's grandmother in England. Verse 145.
Marshall Cutler, Esq.
166 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Geoff, Deborah. 1807. Woodstown, N. J. 10 yrs. 18" x 20". 2 alphabets. Satin and cross-
stitch. Border, Walls of Troy with carnations. Names: "John and Deborah GrofiF
(parents) ; Thomas GrofiF (deceased), Asa, Sarah, Letice Martha, John, William, Benjamin
(brothers and sisters)." Verse 52. Mrs. I. Oakford Acton
Gross, Eliza. 1820. 13 yrs. 20" x 10". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Verse 317.
Mrs. Arthur Durfee
Grow, Eliza. 1810. Ipswich [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 16i" x 22^". 2 alphabets. Stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Border of vines running up each side and across top and starting from flower-
pots at lower corners. Verse 538 (var.). Family names and dates: "John Grow born
Sept. 3, 1772; Elizabeth Caldwell born Aug. 17, 1772; Married June 19, 1798. Eliza Grow
born April 3, 1799." Mrs. Charlotte M. Jones
Gmu), Abigail. 1802. Dedham [Mass.]. 11 yrs. 10^" x 15^". 2 alphabets. Cross-stitch.
Vine and rose border. Rose trees at bottom. Verse 249. Miss Isabel Russell Brown
Guild, Lucy. 1802. 10 yrs. 14" x 9". 2 alphabets. Chain and cross-stitch. Strawberry bor-
der. Verse 250. Miss Louise Cranston
Guild, Marianx. 1819. Dedham [Mass.]. 13 yrs. 17^" x 16^". 4 alphabets. Satin and cross-
stitch. Verses 152, 249. Mrs. Howard M. Chapin
Guild, Rebekah. 1801. Dedham [Mass.], 8 yrs. 12" x 13". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-
stitch. Strawberry border. Design at top of trees, flowers, and bouquets. Verse 532.
Annie B. Thayer
Hackney, Ariadne. May 8, 1817. Mercer [Pa.]. 12" x 12". French knot, stem, satin, and
cross-stitch. Vine border, with pink flowers. Four bunches of roses, an urn, and wreath
of roses in center around verse. Verse 755. Miss Addie Venable
Hackney, Maria. April, 1819. Mercer [Pa.]. 10" x 10". Satin, flat, and cross-stitch. Vine
border. Sprays of roses in each corner with 2 blocks in between; roses at top and bottom
and 1 block on each side. Verses 733, 761. Miss Jane Reid Venable
Hackney, Maria. 1819. Mercer [Pa.]. 10" x 10". French knot, chain, stem, satin, and cross-
stitch. Tulip border. Four bunches of roses, with verse between. Verse 733.
Miss Jane Reid Venable
Haines, Jane. 1807. 18" x 17". Chain, satin, and cross-stitch. 2 alphabets. Oval incloses
verse and alphabets ; initials around the border. Verse 416. The Misses Chdce
Hall, Abby D. 1821. 11 yrs. 11" x 11". 3 alphabets. Chain, stem, and cross-stitch. Rose
border, with violets in corners. Mrs. William H. Bradford
Hall, Eliza. [1801?] Westmoreland [N. H.]. 9 yrs. [Born December 21, 1792, in Rayn-
ham, Mass.] 10" x 17". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, cross, and hem-stitch. Strawberry border.
Basket of flowers, trees, and birds. Miss Cora E. Pierce
Hall, Lucy Jones. 1820. Medford [Mass.]. 7 yrs. 14" x 15^". 2 alphabets. Satin, tent, and
cross-stitch. Narrow cross-borders with trees and hanging fruits. Mary H. Hayes
Hall, M. [Cir. 1820.] 10" x 11". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Two strawberries. Initials:
"M.W.H. and S.S." Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Hall, M. H. [Cir. 1812.] [Ann Arundell County, Md.] [Born in 1799.] 5i" x 6^". 2 alpha-
bets. Hem and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Miss Stockett
PLATE LA^
Content Phillips's Sampler
Owned by Florence C. McKenny
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 167
Hall, Mahgaret. 1823. 14" x 19". 1 alphabet. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Elaborate floral
border, with pineapple at top, large red poppy at bottom, roses, poppies, tulips, and carna-
tions on sides. Large weeping willow on lawn, two large butterflies, and tulips in grass.
Grape vines on either side of verse. Verse 774. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Hall, Martha. 1808. Medford [Mass.]. 16" x 21". 3 alphabets. Vine and flower border.
Cross-borders. Basket of flowers in each corner and circular design of flowers and leaves
in center.
"Friendship is like a debt of honour, the moment it is talked of it loses its name and
assumes the ungrateful form of obligation."
"Virtue is the noblest ornament of humanity and a true sense of sublime pleasure. It
is a solid foundation of honour and esteem." Mary H. Hayes
Hall, Nabby L. 1804. Pembroke [Mass.]. 10 yrs. 21V' x 16V'. 3 alphabets. Stem, eyelet,
and cross-stitch. Vine and rose border at sides and basket of roses at top and bottom.
Charles H. Tyler, Esq.
Hall, Phebe. 1812. 11 yrs. 7f" x n\". 2 alphabets. Chain and stem-stitch. Trefoil border
at top; small alternating squares, containing conventionalized trees and flowers across
bottom. Verse 441. W. G. Bowdoin, Esq.
Hall, Prudence. 1805. Salem [N. J.]. [16 yrs.] 7i" x 8J". Cross-stitch. Dove inclosed in
wreath tied with bow-knot. Detached designs of birds, flowers, and fruit on balance of
sampler. Miss Adaline Sinnickson
Hall, R . 1813. 10" x 8". Cross-stitch. 3 alphabets. Mrs. I. Oakford Acton
Hallet, Mary. 1803. 8 yrs. 13" x 15". Alphabet. Queen, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry
border. Cross-borders. In upper corners, crowns and rabbits ; across center, house, trees,
deer, bushes, and chickens; underneath, flowers in vases, design with name and date; in
lower corners, bowls of roses, and in center of bottom, 2 trees. Verse 535.
Mrs. Frederic B. Kellogg
Hamil, Jaite. 1802. lOV' x 17V'. 3 alphabets. Eyelet, satin, and cross-stitch. Strawberry
border. 2 small ships and 2 baskets of fruit. Verses 41 (var.), 128 (1, var.), 447, 534.
Mrs. Day Brookmire Hebard
Hamilton, Catherine. 1808. 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Tulip border. Wreath
around name. Narrow borders across. 2 flowers in the lower corners. Verse 424.
Memorial Hall, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia
Hajulton, E . 1819. 12" x 16^". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Narrow cross-
borders. Verse 29 (2). Memorial Hall, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia
Hamilton, Mary. 1812. Maytown, Mrs. Welchan's School. 18 yrs. 17" x 17". Satin and
cross-stitch. Border made up of series of squares, containing diflferent designs of baskets
and sprays of flowers. Oval picture in center, with woman standing under tree; her face
and arms are painted. Inscription in center square at bottom: "Mary Hamilton a daughter
of John and Catherine Hamilton was born in County Antrim February the 1 in the year of
our Lord 1794 and made this sampler in Maytown in Mrs. Welchan's School in the year
of our Lord 1812." Illustrated. Mrs. Henry E. Coe
168 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
Hamilton, Sakah. [Cir. 1800.] Philadelphia. 7J" x 10". Alphabets. Variety of stitches.
Cross-borders. On sale by American Art Association, December 12, 1917
Hammond, Ann J. [Cir. 1805.] 17" x 18". 2 alphabets. Eyelet, queen, and cross-stitch.
Unusual strawberry border. Verse 515 (var.). Mrs. Algernon Sydney Sullivan
Hammond, Elizabeth H. September 3, 1823. Ashford [Conn.]. 9 yrs. IV'xlSi". 3
alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Saw-tooth design in border. Conventional cross-
stitch design at bottom. Flower-pot and bird. Verse 772.
Mrs. Grace Buchanan Reynolds
Hammond, Lydla. A. October, 1829. Wickford [R. I.]. 17i"xl8". 3 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Rosebud border. "Hope Eternal Hope! Where yonder Spheres sublime."
Abby C. Bullock
Hamson, Ann. 1808. 11" x 13J". 3 alphabets. Eyelet, flat, and cross-stitch. Border has
strawberries on the outside and cherries on the inside, with interesting corners. Eyelet-
work borders. 4 pine trees separated by conventional stalks of flowers; rose tree in
center. Verse 418. Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Hancock, E. C. 1826. Salem [N. J.]. 14 yrs. 8J"x9J". 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Straw-
berry border. Flowers and animals. Mrs. James F. Barr
Hancock, Emilea. 1800. 8 yrs. Cross-stitch. Carnation border and strawberry cross-
border. Scene with house, trees, butterflies, and below, trees, stags, birds, lady, dog, and
gate. Verse 515 (var.), , . The Emma B. Hodge Collection
Hanners, Elizabeth Jane. 1812. 18" x 14". Design at bottom, New York City Hall,
Mrs. Arthur Curtis James
Haeden, Eliza. October 12, 1803. Portland [Me.]. 11 yrs. 17"x24". 6 alphabets. Eyelet,
satin, and cross-stitch. Rose border. Scene at bottom with house, garden, trees, birds,
sheep, fence, shrubs, and girl. Spray of roses around verse. Verse 404.
Mrs. Pearl Wight
Hakdenbrook, Rebekah. Decbr the 20, 1800. 7 yrs. 4 mos. 7" x 12". 3 alphabets. Eyelet
and cross-stitch. Waving line border. " Margaret Hardenbrook, William Hardenbrook
X 1800." Mrs. Samuel A. Cunningham
Harding, Abigail. 1820. Medway [Mass. Born October 24, 1808.]. 10|" x 11", 3 alpha-
bets. Cross-stitch. Simple border. 3 baskets of flowers, with 2 trees between, at bottom.
Verse 515 (var.). Mrs. Mary H. Wilder
Harding, Mary. 1820. Medway. [Born March 17, 1811.] 10|" x 11|", ' 3 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Simple border. 3 baskets of flowers and two trees, at bottom. Verse 615 (var,).
Mrs. Mary H. Wilder
Hahdman, Ann. 1816. 6" x 10". 3 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Sold at Libbie's, March 1, 1916
Hardy, Clarisa. 1816. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Elaborate floral design starting from
cornucopia in center at bottom. In center is the "Family Register: William Hardy
Born Aug th 2 1779; Clarisa Worcester Born January th 5 1786; They were married
November the 30 1803. A list of the name birth and deaths of their children: Clarissa
W. Born Dec. th 11 1804; William Born May th 20 1806; Hannah W, Born Oct 12th 1808,
AMERICAN SAMPLERS 169
William the husband of Clarisa Hardy died Oct 2, 1808. Ebenezer Hunt the second
husband of Clarissa Hardy Born March th 3. They were married Dec th 29 1809."
" Now hear you read that death has call niy parent Dear and may we all for that day
prepare." Verse 55. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Habforth, Hannah. 1808. 13 yrs. Alphabets. Flowers and urn. Verses 41a, 420, 541.
Mrs. J. F. Linder
Hahhington, Hannah. 1815. Worcester [Mass.]. 9 yrs. 12i" x 13". 2 alphabets and other
letters. Cross-stitch. Verse 490 (var.). Philip Hope Baker, Esq.
Harrington, Mary. 1812. Worcester [Mass.]. 8 yrs. 3 alphabets. Cross and eyelet stitch.
Zigzag border. Philip Hope Baker, Esq.
Harrington, Ruth. 1809. 9 yrs. 12" x 72", 2 alphabets. Satin, cross, and hem-stitch.
Rose border. Several conventional figures. Wilbur M. Stone, Esq.
Harris, Adeline Eleanor. 1816. Cranston [R. I.]. Born December 3, 1803. 17" x 18".
2 alphabets. Stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Hemstitched edge. Flower design at bot-
tom. Verse 680. Adeline Harris Sears
Harris, Elizabeth. 1806. Born July 27, 1796. 10"xl04". 3 alphabets. Stem, satin,
tent, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Flowering branches and small trees In
bloom. Mrs. Lyman Daniels
Harris, Henrietta C. 1829. 13i" x 13^". 5 alphabets. Cat and cross-stitch. Zigzag border.
Cross-borders in conventional designs, " C. L, A." W. O. Bowdoin, Esq.
Harris, Maria L. 1816. 3 alphabets. Two hillocks with pine trees. " B, C, Harris. A. E,
Harris." "Daughter of Joseph and Sussina Harris." Verse 515 (var.),
Ozemer not recorded
Harris, Oceana. May 8, 1805. Providence [R. I.]. 8 yrs. 8" x 19". 3 alphabets. Cross-
stitch and satin-stitch. Simple cross-stitch border. Pyramid design at bottom. Verse
537. Miss Emma A. Taft II
Harris, Pollt. Before 1830, 10 yrs, 6" x 10", 1 alphabet. Cross-stitch. Greek fret
border. Two white horses eating strawberries. Rev. Glenn Tilley Morse
Harris, S. 1808. 13" x 15". 4 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border around lower
half. Two doves with branches in mouths. Verse 421. Mrs. Frederick F. Thompson
Harrison, Elizabeth. [Cir. 1800.] "Born August the 5, 1791." 8J" x 16J", 4 alphabets.
Eyelet and cross-stitch. Verse 187. Mrs. H. B. Leary, Jr.
Harrison, Mary. 1822. 9 yrs. 3 alphabets. Cross, eyelet, and satin-stitch. Strawberry
border. Vase of flowers, log hut, and an animal under a tree. Birds. Verse 561.
Mrs. Mary Harrison Snow
Harth, Caroline. 1824. 10 yrs. 8" x 10". 3 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Straw-
berry and Greek key borders. The Misses Laura and Lieze Green
Harwood, Elizabeth A. 1814. [Massachusetts.] 17 yrs. 15J"x20". Cross, satin, chain,
stem, cat, and tent-stitch. Rose-vine border. The Register is framed between two
posts, with balls at the top. Between them is a draped curtain with tassels.
170
AMERICAN SAMPLERS
" Register
Capt. Peter Harwood was born Sept 16 AD 1766.
June 12 AD. 1770. They Married Jan 22 1787.
children. Viz.
Names
Thomas Airmet
Fanny Russell
Sarah Ann
Esther Brazier
Elizabeth Airmet
Clarisse
Ebenezer
William Brazier
Ebenezer
Peter Branscome
Clarisse Branscome
Births
Feb 6th 1789
Feb 7th 1791
May 27th 1793
May 3,th 1795
May 28, th 1797
June 16, th 1799
Dec 21th 1801
April 21th 1803
June 28th 1805
May 21th 1807
June 16, th 1812"
Miss Elizabeth Airmet was born
He hath by her the following
Deaths
Died June 15th 1803
Died Feb 13th 1807
Died April th 22
At the bottom two houses, trees, and a garden. The right-hand house was built by
Captain Peter Harwood, and was the first brick house in North Brookfield, Mass. Verse
744. Illustrated. Mrs. Grace Craig Stork
Haskell, Hannah Phizst. " March 2." [Cir. 1815. Boston.] 6 yrs. 16"x20". 4 alpha-
bets. French knot, satin, and cross-stitch. " Modesty and Truth To Piety add Modesty
and Docility Show reverence and submission to those who are your superiors in Knowl-
edge or Station and note that Dependance and obedience belong to youth. Modesty is
one of the chief ornaments and tokens of piety. Truth is a precious adornment."
Mrs. Delano Wight
Haskell, Lucy S. 1816. 12 yrs. 18^" x 17". 3 alphabets. French knot, stem, and cross-
stitch. Conventional strawberry-vine border with potted strawberry plant in center at
bottom, flanked by sprays of star flowers. Detached spray of strawberries and baskets
of flowers. Conventional cross-borders. Verses 194 (var.), 751.
Miss Mary O. Longfellow
Haskell, Sarah K[iddeh. 1811. Boston. Born September 28, 1805.]. 6 yrs. 18" x 16".
3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Verse 724.
The Late Miss Sarah Haskell Crocker
Haskins, Mahy Anx. 1828. Rehoboth [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 16"x20". 3 alphabets. Flat,
stem, satin, and cross-stitch. Rose border. House and flowers. Verse 794.
Sara Lawrence White
Hassen, Annzelette. 1821. 8 yrs. 24"x20". 3 alphabets. Chain, stem, and cross-stitch.
Strawberry border with flowers. Large basket of flowers in center at bottom, and on
either side an octagon inclosing name and dates; garland and tassels hang from inside
of each octagon, and underneath are solid cross-stitch pyramids.
National Museum, Washington, D. C.
Hatch, Mahy. 1808. Paris [N. Y.]. 10 yrs. 17" x 9". 5 alphabets. Chain, eyelet, satin,
and cross-stitch. Eyelet and cross-stitch border. Sprays of roses in corners. Verse 154.
Ella M. Russell
Hatfield, Emeline.
and split-stitch.
Verse 615.
[Cir. 1823 New York.] 14 yrs. 22i" x 22i". Cross, satin, queen, flat.
Grape and diamond border. Two cornucopias and a basket of roses.
Mrs. John Lester Keep
PLATE LVI
Sarah Doxe's Sampler. 1819
Owned by Leonard Smith, Esq.
AMERICAN SAMPLERS
171
Hatfieu), Mary. 1828. [New York.] 11 yrs. 17V' x 16^". Cross-stitch. Rose-vine border.
Large basket at the bottom. Mrs. John Lester Keep
Hatfield, Sarah. [New York.] 22^" x 22*". Cross, satin, queen, flat, and long-stitch. Grape-
vine and diamond border. Large basket of fruit. The handles are gracefully curved.
Mrs. John Lester Keep
Hathawat, Betsey. 1828. Freetown, Assonet Village. 14 yrs. 16" x 16". 4 alphabets.
Cat, eyelet, queen, stem, tent, and cross-stitch. Rose border at bottom and on sides,
and poppies across top. Cross-borders in variety of designs and stitches. Verse 483.
Mrs. Mary B. Pierce
Hathewey, Ltjcy. Freetown [Mass.]. 14 yrs. 19"x20". 3 alphabets. French knot, chain,
stem, and cross-stitch. Carnation border at sides. House, two figures, basket of flowers,
sprays of flowers, etc. Verse 109. Mrs. Charles A. Clark
Hawkes, Elizabeth. [Cir. 1815.] Windham [Me. Cir. 20 yrs.]. 20"x29". Cross and
hem-stitch. Strawberry and vine border. Births, marriages, and deaths of Hawkes
family:
Births
Ebenezer Hawkes April 25, 1766
Rebecca Legrow September 9, 1772
Married November 20, 1794 in Windham, Maine
Their children born in WindhaTn
Elizabeth Hawkes July 27, 1795
Ebenezer Hawkes February 23, 1797
Sarah Hawkes October 8, 1798
Joseph Hawkes July 7, 1800
Anna Hawkes May 1, 1802
Deaths
Rebecca Hawkes July 12, 1819
Aged 46
July 28, 1825
Aged 26
September 23, 1825
Aged 14
Mary Hawkes
Lydia Hawkes
William Hawkes
Elias Hawkes
March 29, 1804
March 29, 1806
February 12, 1809
April 6, 1811
Jeremiah Hawkes April 17, 1815
Sarah Purrington
Elias Hawkes
Mrs. Franklin P. Shumway
Hawthorke, Rhoda. 1806. Born November 21, 1791. 12" x 15^". 2 alphabets. Bird's-eye
and cross-stitch. Plain border. Verse 105. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Haydex, Harriot F. 1812. Fitzwilliam [N. H.]. 8 yrs. 17" x 16i". 3 alphabets. Cat,
stem, flat, and cross-stitch. Strawberry border at top and bottom, with vine on sides.
Verse 107. Mrs. Roger Johnson
Hays, Eixex. 1808. Philadelphia, 8 yrs. 16" x 18". 11 alphabets. Cross-stitch. Vine
border with strawberries. Miss Rosa Mordecai
Hays, Rosa Elizabeth. 1813. Philadelphia. [10 yrs.] 13" x 13^". 6 alphabets. Greek
fret border with conventional designs. 3 flower-pots with flowers, also small sprays, at
bottom. Miss Rosa Mordecai
Hazwell, Frances. 1828. 12 yrs. 18" x 12". 6 alphabets. Chain, eyelet, and cross-stitch.
House. Verse 515. Mrs. W. B. Vine
[Heacock, Evauxe. (?) Bucks County, Pa.]. 8" x 13". Alphabets. Variety of stitches.
Cross-stitch border. At bottom, dog, bird on flowering plant; bird on plant in upper
172 AMERICAN SAMPLERS
left-hand corner and conventional flower in upper right-hand corner; in center, con-
ventional design with two birds, beak to beak, bell flower, carnations, and crown.
Mrs. J. Baufmann
Heath, Rachel A. 1829. Pittsfield, 111. 11 yrs. 17" x 17". 2 alphabets. Cross, satin, and
eyelet-stitch. F. Maude Smith
Heaton, Rosamond P. 1824. Berlin [Vt.]. 10 yrs. 17" x 17". 3 alphabets. Stem, chain,
and cross-stitch. Tree and flower design. Miss M. Louise Gladding
Hebbahd, Habbiot. 1812. 10 yrs. 17" x 14J". 3 alphabets. Satin and cross-stitch. Small
zigzag border. Conventional trees and baskets at bottom. Miss Mary C. Wheelwright
Hempsted, Caboline. 1823. New London [Conn.]. 9 yrs. 13" x 13". 2 alphabets. Cross-
stitch. Greek fret and strawberry border. Rose in fancy square in corners at bottom.
Verse 515 (var.). Dr. Elmer Hempstead Ames
Hendbjckson, Alice. 1807. [Monmouth County, N. J. Born March 18, 1795. Daughter of
John and Alche.] 12 yrs. 12J" x 17". Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Basket of
flowers, birds, rosebuds, berries, and diamond-shaped designs, etc. Verses 10 (1), 395 (4).
Mrs. Elwood Davis
Hendbickson, Gebteude. 1805. [Monmouth County, N. J. Born December 28, 1792.]
13 yrs. 15^" x 18". 2 alphabets. Eyelet and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Basket
of flowers with branches and berries on each side. Letitia E. Davis
Hepbubn, Ann. 1828. 10" x 9". Back-stitch and cross-stitch. Strawberry border. House,
fence, trees, and sheep, Mrs. Bradbury Bedell
Hebbher, Elizabeth. 1824. 8 yrs. "Done in Ruth H. Redman's School, Strawsburg."
12J" X 17". Alphabets. Cross-stitch. Strawberry border. Flower-pots, birds, and two
dogs at top. Charles S. Henry, 2d, Esq.
Hereick, Eunice. 1801. 11 yrs. 6J"x6^". Alphabet. Cross-stitch. Variety of cross-
stitch designs in border. Two hearts at bottom. Mrs. E. L. Mark
Heuling, Mabtha. 1806. Moorestown [N. J. 13 yrs. Born October 27, 1793.]. 21" x 22^".
Chain, satin, and cross-stitch. Border of roses, baskets of fruit, birds, stars, and car-
nations. Picture of the West Town School, with tree on either side and birds above it.
Verses 77 (var.), 399 (var.). Illustrated. Hannah F. Gardiner
Heulings, Mart C. 1821. Burlington [N. J.]. 10 yrs. 21"xl8^". 4 alphabets. Outline,
chain, and cross-stitch. Rose border. 13 bunches of flowers and several small flowers;
also 2 large baskets of flowers. Verse 765. Miss Margaret S. Bedell
Hewins, Olive E. 1829. Boston. 4 alphabets. Great variety of stitches. Wide and elab-
orate rose border. Picture in center, with tree and lady in foreground, and house, trees,
pond, cow, grass, etc., in background. Mrs. Thomas A. Lawton
Hewling, Rebecca Ann. 1826. 15^" x 17J". 6 alphabets. Eyelet, chain, cat, queen, satin,
buttonhole, two-sided tent, and cross-stitch. Strawberry-vine border. Large diamond
in four parts, pair of love birds, baskets of flowers, dogs, hearts, tree, 
